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NL Industries, Inc.

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FY2013 Annual Report · NL Industries, Inc.
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NL INDUSTRIES

2013

ANNUAL REPORT

NL INDUSTRIES, INC. CORPORATE AND OTHER INFORMATION

Board of Directors

Corporate Officers

Loretta J. Feehan

Financial Consultant

Robert D. Graham

Vice Chairman, President and
Chief Executive Officer

C.H. Moore, Jr. (a)
Retired Partner
KPMG LLP

Steven L. Watson

Chairman

Robert D. Graham

Vice Chairman, President and
Chief Executive Officer

Gregory M. Swalwell

Executive Vice President, Finance and
Chief Financial Officer

Gen. Thomas P. Stafford (ret.) (a)(b)
United States Air Force (retired)

Bobby D. O’Brien

Executive Vice President

Operating Management of Subsidiary
and Affiliate

CompX International Inc.
David A. Bowers

Vice Chairman, President and
Chief Executive Officer

Kronos Worldwide, Inc.
Steven L. Watson

Chairman

Bobby D. O’Brien

Vice Chairman, President and
Chief Executive Officer

Steven L. Watson

Chairman

Terry N. Worrell (a)(b)

President
Worrell Investments, Inc.

Board Committee

(a) Audit Committee

(b) Management Development and
Compensation Committee

Kelly D. Luttmer

Executive Vice President and
Global Tax Director

Tim C. Hafer

Vice President and Controller

A. Andrew R. Louis

Vice President, Secretary and
Associate General Counsel

Andrew B. Nace
Vice President

Courtney J. Riley

Vice President, Environmental Affairs

John A. St. Wrba

Vice President and Treasurer

Annual Meeting

Form 10-K Report

Transfer Agent

The 2014 Annual Meeting of
Stockholders will be held at the office of
the Company, Three Lincoln Centre,
5430 LBJ Freeway, Suite 1700, Dallas,
Texas, 75240-2697, on the day and time
as set forth in the notice of the meeting,
proxy statement and form of proxy that
will be mailed to stockholders in advance
of the meeting.

The Company’s Annual Report on Form
10-K for the year ended December 31,
2013, as filed with the Securities and
Exchange Commission, is printed as part
of this Annual Report. Additional copies
are available without charge upon
written request to:

A. Andrew R. Louis
Vice President, Secretary
NL Industries, Inc.
Three Lincolon Centre
5430 LBJ Freeway, Suite 1700
Dallas, Texas 75240-2697

Computershare acts as transfer agent,
registrar and dividend paying agent for
the Company’s common stock.
Communications regarding stockholder
accounts, dividends and change of
address should be directed to:

Computershare Trust Company, N.A.
P.O. Box 30170
College Station, Texas 77842-3170
Telephone: (877) 373-6374
Internet address:
http://www.computershare.com/investor

Visit us on the Web
http://www.nl-ind.com

Stock and Class A Exchanges

NL’s common shares are listed on the New York Stock
Exchange under the symbol “NL”

Kronos’ common shares are listed on the New York Stock
Exchange under the symbol “KRO.”

CompX’s Class A common shares are listed on the NYSE
Amex under the symbol “CIX.”

UNITED STATES  
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION  
Washington, D.C.  20549  

FORM 10-K  

(cid:95)  Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 OR 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934: 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2013  
Commission file number 1-640  

NL INDUSTRIES, INC. 

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) 

New Jersey 
(State or other jurisdiction of 
incorporation or organization) 

13-5267260 
(IRS Employer 
Identification No.) 

5430 LBJ Freeway, Suite 1700 
Dallas, Texas  75240-2697 
(Address of principal executive offices) 

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:  (972) 233-1700  

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:  

Title of each  class 
Common stock 

Name of each exchange on which registered
New York Stock Exchange 

No securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act.  

Indicate by check mark:  

If the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  (cid:133)    No   (cid:95) 

If the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  (cid:133)    No  (cid:95) 

Whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 
Act  of  1934  during  the  preceding  12  months  and  (2) has  been  subject  to  such  filing  requirements  for  the  past  90 
days.    Yes  (cid:95)    No  (cid:133)  

Whether  the  Registrant  has  submitted  electronically  and  posted  on  its  corporate  Web  site,  if  any,  every  Interactive 
Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months 
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  (cid:95)    No  (cid:133)  

If  disclosure  of  delinquent  filers  pursuant  to  Item 405  of  Regulation  S-K  is  not  contained  herein,  and  will  not  be 
contained,  to  the  best  of  Registrant’s  knowledge,  in  definitive  proxy  or  information  statements  incorporated  by 
reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    Yes  (cid:133)    No  (cid:95)  

Whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting 
company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).  

Large accelerated filer (cid:133)  Accelerated filer (cid:95)  Non-accelerated filer (cid:133)  Smaller reporting company (cid:133) 

Whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  (cid:133)    No  (cid:95)  

The aggregate market value of the 6.8 million shares of voting stock held by nonaffiliates of NL Industries, Inc.  as of June 30, 
2013 (the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently-completed second fiscal quarter) approximated $76.9 million.  

As of February 28, 2014, 48,673,884 shares of the Registrant’s common stock were outstanding.  

Documents incorporated by reference  

The information required by Part III is incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s definitive proxy statement to be filed 
with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this report.  

  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
BUSINESS  

ITEM 1. 
The Company  

PART I  

NL Industries, Inc.  was organized as a New Jersey corporation in 1891.  Our common stock trades on the 
New  York  Stock  Exchange,  or  the  NYSE,  under  the  symbol  NL.    References  to  “NL  Industries,”  “NL,”  the 
“Company,” the “Registrant,” “we,” “our,” “us” and similar terms mean NL Industries, Inc.  and its subsidiaries and 
affiliate, unless the context otherwise requires.   

Our principal executive offices are located at Three Lincoln Center, 5430 LBJ Freeway, Suite 1700, Dallas, 

TX 75240.  Our telephone number is (972) 233-1700.  We maintain a website at www.nl-ind.com.   

Business summary  

We  are  primarily  a  holding  company.    We  operate  in  the  component  products  industry  through  our 
majority-owned subsidiary, CompX International Inc.  (NYSE MKT: CIX).  We operate in the chemicals industry 
through  our  non-controlling  interest  in  Kronos  Worldwide,  Inc.    CompX  and  Kronos  (NYSE:  KRO),  each  file 
periodic reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).   

Organization  

At December 31, 2013, (i) Valhi, Inc.  (NYSE: VHI) held approximately 83% of our outstanding common 
stock and Contran Corporation and its subsidiaries own an aggregate of 94% of Valhi’s outstanding common stock. 
Substantially all of Contran’s outstanding voting stock is held by family trusts established for the benefit of Lisa K. 
Simmons and Serena Simmons Connelly, daughters of Harold C. Simmons, and their children (for which Ms. Lisa 
Simmons and Ms. Connelly are co-trustees) or is held directly by Ms. Lisa Simmons and Ms. Connelly or persons or 
entities related to them, including their step-mother Annette C. Simmons, the widow of Mr. Simmons.    Prior to his 
death in December 2013, Mr. Simmons served as sole trustee of the family trusts.  Under a voting agreement entered 
into in February 2014 by all of the voting stockholders of Contran, the size of the board of directors of Contran was 
fixed  at  five  members,  each  of  Ms.  Lisa Simmons,  Ms.  Connelly  and  Ms.  Annette  Simmons  have  the  right  to 
designate  one  of  the  five  members  of  the  Contran  board  and  the  other  two  members  of  the  Contran  board  must 
consist of members of Contran management.   Ms. Lisa Simmons, Ms. Connelly, and Ms. Annette Simmons each 
serve as members of the Contran board.  The voting agreement expires in February 2017 (unless Ms. Lisa Simmons, 
Ms.  Connelly  and  Ms.  Annette  Simmons  otherwise  mutually  agree),  and  the  ability  of  Ms.  Lisa  Simmons,  Ms. 
Connelly, and Ms. Annette Simmons to each designate one member of the Contran board is dependent upon each of 
their  continued  beneficial  ownership  of  at  least  5%  of  the  combined  voting  stock  of  Contran.   Consequently,  Ms. 
Lisa Simmons, Ms. Connelly and Ms. Annette Simmons may be deemed to control Contran, Valhi and us. 

Forward-looking statements  

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private 
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended.  Statements in this Annual Report that are not historical facts 
are  forward-looking  in  nature  and  represent  management’s  beliefs  and  assumptions  based  on  currently  available 
information.  In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by the use of words such as  “believes,” 
“intends,”  “may,”  “should,”  “could,”  “anticipates,”  “expects”  or  comparable  terminology,  or  by  discussions  of 
strategies  or  trends.    Although  we  believe  that  the  expectations  reflected  in  such  forward-looking  statements  are 
reasonable, we do not know if these expectations will be correct.  Such statements by their nature involve substantial 
risks and uncertainties that could significantly impact expected results.  Actual future results could differ materially 
from  those  predicted.    The  factors  that  could  cause  actual  future  results  to  differ  materially  from  those  described 
herein are the risks and uncertainties discussed in this Annual Report and those described from time to time in our 
other filings with the SEC include, but are not limited to, the following:  

(cid:120)  Future supply and demand for our products 
(cid:120)  The extent of the dependence of certain of our businesses on certain market sectors 

- 2 - 

 
(cid:120)  The cyclicality of our businesses (such as Kronos’ TiO2 operations) 
(cid:120)  Customer inventory levels 
(cid:120)  Unexpected or earlier-than-expected industry capacity expansion (such as the TiO2 industry) 
(cid:120)  Changes in raw material and other operating costs (such as energy, ore, zinc and brass costs) and our ability 

to pass those costs on to our customers or offset them with reductions in other operating costs 

(cid:120)  Changes in the availability of raw material (such as ore) 
(cid:120)  General global economic and political conditions (such as changes in the level of gross domestic product in 

various regions of the world and the impact of such changes on demand for, among other things, TiO2 and 
component products) 

(cid:120)  Competitive pricing, products and substitute products 
(cid:120)  Customer and competitor strategies 
(cid:120)  Uncertainties associated with the development of new product features 
(cid:120)  Potential consolidation of Kronos’ competitors 
(cid:120)  The impact of pricing and production decisions 
(cid:120)  Competitive technology positions 
(cid:120)  Potential difficulties in integrating future acquisitions 
(cid:120)  Potential difficulties in implementing new manufacturing and accounting software systems 
(cid:120)  The introduction of trade barriers 
(cid:120)  Possible disruption of Kronos’ or CompX’s business, or increases in our  cost of doing business resulting 

from terrorist activities or global conflicts 

(cid:120)  The impact of current or future government regulations (including employee healthcare benefit related 

regulations) 

(cid:120)  Fluctuations in currency exchange rates (such as changes in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and 
each of the euro, the Norwegian krone and the Canadian dollar), or possible disruptions to our business 
resulting from potential instability resulting from uncertainties associated with the euro 

(cid:120)  Operating interruptions (including, but not limited to, labor disputes, leaks, natural disasters, fires, 
explosions, unscheduled or unplanned downtime, transportation interruptions and cyber attacks) 

(cid:120)  Decisions to sell operating assets other than in the ordinary course of business 
(cid:120)  Kronos’ ability to renew or refinance debt 
(cid:120)  Our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity 
(cid:120)  The timing and amounts of insurance recoveries 
(cid:120)  The extent to which our subsidiaries or affiliates were to become unable to pay us dividends 
(cid:120)  The ultimate outcome of income tax audits, tax settlement initiatives or other tax matters 
(cid:120)  Our ability to utilize income tax attributes or changes in income tax rates related to such attributes, the 

benefits of which have been recognized under the more-likely-than-not recognition criteria 

(cid:120)  Environmental matters (such as those requiring compliance with emission and discharge standards for 

existing and new facilities or new developments regarding environmental remediation at sites related to our 
former operations) 

(cid:120)  Government laws and regulations and possible changes therein (such as changes in government regulations 
which might impose various obligations on former manufacturers of lead pigment and lead-based paint, 
including us, with respect to asserted health concerns associated with the use of such products) 
(cid:120)  The ultimate resolution of pending litigation (such as our lead pigment and environmental matters)  
(cid:120)  Possible future litigation.   

Should  one  or  more  of  these  risks  materialize  or  if  the  consequences  of  such  a  development  worsen,  or 
should  the  underlying  assumptions  prove  incorrect,  actual  results  could  differ  materially  from  those  currently 
forecasted or expected.  We disclaim any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement 
whether as a result of changes in information, future events or otherwise.   

- 3 - 

 
Operations and equity investment  

Information  regarding  our  operations  and  the  companies  conducting  such  operations  is  set  forth  below.  
Geographic  financial  information  is  included  in  Note  3  to  our  Consolidated  Financial  Statements,  which  is 
incorporated herein by reference.   

Component Products 

CompX International Inc.  - 

87% owned at 
December 31, 2013 

CompX  manufactures  engineered  components  that  are  sold  to  a  variety  of 
industries  including  recreational  transportation  (including boats), postal, office 
and  institutional  furniture,  cabinetry,  tool  storage,  healthcare,  gas  stations  and 
vending equipment.  CompX has production facilities in the United States. 

 Chemicals 

Kronos Worldwide, Inc.  - 

30% owned at 
December 31, 2013 

Kronos  is  a  leading  global  producer  and  marketer  of  value-added  titanium 
dioxide  pigments,  or  TiO2,  a  base  industrial  product  used  in  imparting 
whiteness,  brightness,  opacity  and  durability  to  a  diverse  range  of  customer 
applications and end-use markets, including coatings, plastics, paper, inks, food, 
cosmetics and other industrial and consumer “quality-of-life” products.  Kronos 
has  production  facilities  in  Europe  and  North  America.    Sales  of  TiO2 
represented  about  90%  of  Kronos’  net  sales  in  2013,  with  sales  of  other 
products  that  are  complementary  to  Kronos’  TiO2  business  comprising  the 
remainder. 

COMPONENT PRODUCTS - COMPX INTERNATIONAL INC.   

Industry  overview  -  Through  our  majority-owned  subsidiary,  CompX,  we  manufacture  engineered 
components that are used in a variety of applications and industries including recreational transportation (including 
boats),  postal,  office  and  institutional  furniture,  cabinetry,  tool  storage,  healthcare,  gas  stations  and  vending 
equipment.  We continuously seek to diversify into new markets and identify new applications and features for our 
products, which we believe provide a greater potential for higher rates of earnings growth as well as diversification 
of risk.   

Manufacturing, operations and products - CompX’s Security Products business, with one manufacturing 
facility in South Carolina and one in Illinois shared with the Marine Components business, manufactures mechanical 
and  electrical  cabinet  locks  and  other  locking  mechanisms  used  in  a  variety  of  applications  including  ignition 
systems, mailboxes, file cabinets, desk drawers, tool storage cabinets, vending and gaming machines, high security 
medical cabinetry, electrical circuit panels, storage compartments and gas station security.  We believe that CompX 
is  a  North  American  market  leader  in  the  manufacture  and  sale  of  cabinet  locks  and  other  locking  mechanisms.  
These products include:  

(cid:121)  disc  tumbler  locks  which  provide  moderate  security  and  generally  represent  the  lowest  cost  lock  to 

produce;  

(cid:121)  pin  tumbler  locking  mechanisms  which  are  more  costly  to  produce  and  are  used  in  applications 
requiring  higher  levels  of  security,  including  KeSet®  and  System  64®  (which  each  allow  the  user  to 
change the keying on a single lock 64 times without removing the lock from its enclosure) and TuBar®; 
and  

(cid:121)  our  innovative  CompX  eLock®  and  Stealthlock®  electrical  locks  which  provide  stand-alone  or 
networked security and audit trail capability for drug storage and other valuables through the use of a 
proximity card, magnetic stripe or keypad credentials.   

A substantial portion of CompX’s Security Products sales consists of products with specialized adaptations 
to an individual customer’s specifications, some of which are listed above.  CompX also has a standardized product 
line  suitable  for  many  customers  which  is  offered  through  a  North  American  distribution  network  to  locksmith 
distributors and smaller original equipment manufacturers (OEMs) via its STOCK LOCKS® distribution program.   

- 4 - 

 
  
 
CompX’s Marine Components business, with a facility in Wisconsin and a facility shared with the Security 
Products  business  in  Illinois,  manufactures  and  distributes  stainless  steel  exhaust  components,  gauges,  throttle 
controls, hardware and accessories primarily for performance and ski/wakeboard boats.  CompX’s specialty marine 
component  products  are  high-precision  components  designed  to  operate  within  tight  tolerances  in  the  highly 
demanding marine environment.  These products include:  

(cid:121)  original equipment and aftermarket stainless steel exhaust headers, exhaust pipes, mufflers and other 

exhaust components;  

(cid:121)  high-performance gauges such as GPS speedometers and tachometers;  
(cid:121)  mechanical and electronic controls and throttles;  
steering wheels and other billet aluminum accessories and  
(cid:121) 
(cid:121)  dash panels, LED lighting, wire harnesses and other accessories.   

CompX operated three manufacturing facilities at December 31, 2013.   

Security Products  
Mauldin, SC 
Grayslake, IL 

  Marine Components  
  Neenah, WI 
  Grayslake, IL 

Raw materials - The primary raw materials used in CompX’s manufacturing processes are:  

(cid:121) 
(cid:121) 

zinc and brass (used in the Security Products business for the manufacture of locking mechanisms) and  
stainless  steel  (used  primarily  in  the  Marine  Components  business  for  the  manufacture  of  exhaust 
headers and pipes and other components).   

These raw materials are purchased from several suppliers, are readily available from numerous sources and 

accounted for approximately 11% of our total cost of sales for 2013.   

CompX occasionally enters into short-term supply arrangements for its commodity-related raw materials to 
mitigate  the  impact  of  future  increases  in  raw  material  prices  that  are  affected  by  commodity  markets.    These 
arrangements generally provide for stated unit prices based upon specified purchase volumes which help us stabilize 
our commodity-related raw material costs to a certain extent.  Commodity-related raw materials purchased outside 
of  these  arrangements  are  sometimes  subject  to  unanticipated  and  sudden  price  increases.    We  generally  seek  to 
mitigate the impact of fluctuations in these raw material costs on our margins through improvements in production 
efficiencies or other operating cost reductions.  In the event we are unable to offset raw material cost increases with 
other cost reductions, it may be difficult to recover those cost increases through increased product selling prices or 
raw material surcharges due to the competitive nature of the markets served by our products.  Consequently, overall 
operating margins can be affected by commodity-related raw material cost pressures.  Commodity market prices are 
cyclical, reflecting overall economic trends, specific developments in consuming industries and speculative investor 
activities.   

- 5 - 

 
  
Patents  and  trademarks  -  CompX  holds  a  number  of  patents  relating  to  component  products,  certain  of 
which are believed to be important to CompX and its continuing business activity.  Patents generally have a term of 
20  years,  and  CompX’s  patents  have  remaining  terms  ranging  from  less  than  1  year  to  18  years  at  December 31, 
2013.  CompX’s major trademarks and brand names include:  

   Marine Components 
  Custom Marine® 
  Livorsi® Marine 
  Livorsi II® Marine 
  CMI™ Industrial Mufflers 
  Custom Marine® Stainless Exhaust 
  The #1 Choice in Performance Boating® 
  Mega Rim® 
  Race Rim® 
  CompX Marine® 
  Vantage View® 
  GEN-X® 

Security Products  
CompX® Security Products™ 
National Cabinet Lock® 
Fort Lock® 
Fort® 
Timberline® 
Chicago Lock® 
STOCK LOCKS® 
KeSet® 
TuBar® 
StealthLock® 
ACE® 
ACE® II 
CompX eLock® 
Lockview® 
System64® 
SlamCAM® 
RegulatoR® 
CompXpress® 
GEM® 

Sales,  marketing  and  distribution  -  A  majority  of  CompX’s  component  sales  are  sold  directly  to  large 
OEM  customers  through  our  factory-based  sales  and  marketing  professionals  supported  by  engineers  working  in 
concert  with  field  salespeople  and  independent  manufacturer’s  representatives.    We  select  manufacturer’s 
representatives based on special skills in certain markets or relationships with current or potential customers.   

In addition to sales to large OEM customers, a significant portion of CompX’s Security Products sales are 
made  through  distributors.    We  have  a  significant  North  American  market  share  of  cabinet  lock  security  product 
sales  as  a  result  of  the  locksmith  distribution  channel.    We  support  our  locksmith  distributor  sales  with  a  line  of 
standardized  products  used  by  the  largest  businesses  of  the  marketplace.    These  products  are  packaged  and 
merchandised for easy availability and handling by distributors and end users.   

In  2013,  CompX’s  ten  largest  customers,  all  Security  Products  customers,  accounted  for  approximately 
42% of our total sales.  San Mateo Postal Data and Harley Davidson accounted for approximately 13% and 12%, 
respectively, of total sales for the year ended December 31, 2013.  Overall, our customer base is diverse and the loss 
of any single customer would not in itself have a material adverse effect on our operations.   

Competition  -  The  markets  in  which  CompX  participates  are  highly  competitive.    CompX  competes 
primarily  on  the  basis  of  product  design,  including  space  utilization  and  aesthetic  factors,  product  quality  and 
durability, price, on-time delivery, service and technical support.  CompX focuses its efforts on the middle and high-
end businesses of the market, where product design, quality, durability and service are valued by the customer.  The 
Security  Products  business  competes  against  a  number  of  U.S.  and  non-U.S.  manufacturers.    The  Marine 
Components business competes with small U.S. manufacturers and is minimally affected by non-U.S. competitors.   

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Regulatory  and  environmental  matters  -  CompX’s  operations  are  subject  to  federal,  state  and  local  
environmental  laws  and  regulations  relating  to  the  use,  storage,  handling,  generation,  transportation,  treatment, 
emission,  discharge,  disposal,  remediation  of  and  exposure  to  hazardous  and  non-hazardous  substances,  materials 
and wastes.  CompX’s operations are also subject to federal, state and local regulations relating to worker health and 
safety.  We believe that CompX is in substantial compliance with all such laws and regulations.  To date, the costs 
of maintaining compliance with such laws and regulations have not significantly impacted our results of operations.  
We  currently  do  not  anticipate  any  significant  costs  or  expenses  relating  to  such  matters;  however,  it  is  possible 
future laws and regulations may require us to incur significant additional expenditures.   

Discontinued  operations  -  On  December 28,  2012,  we  completed  the  sale  of  CompX’s  Furniture 
Components operations to a competitor for proceeds, net of expenses, of approximately $58.0 million in cash.  We 
recognized  a  pre-tax  gain  of  approximately  $23.7  million  on  the  disposal  of  these  operations.    See  Note  2  to  our 
Consolidated Financial Statements.   

Employees - As of December 31, 2013, CompX employed 506 people, all in the United States.  We believe 

our labor relations are good at all of our facilities.   

CHEMICALS - KRONOS WORLDWIDE, INC.   

Business  overview  -  Kronos  is  a  leading  global  producer  and  marketer  of  value-added  titanium  dioxide 
pigments, or TiO2, a base industrial product used in a wide range of applications.  Kronos, along with its distributors 
and  agents,  sells  and  provides  technical  services  for  its  products  to  over  4,000  customers  in  approximately  100 
countries  with  the  majority  of  sales  in  Europe  and  North  America.    We  believe  that  Kronos  has  developed 
considerable expertise and efficiency in the manufacture, sale, shipment and service of its products in domestic and 
international markets.   

TiO2  is  a  white  inorganic  pigment  used  in  a  wide  range  of  products  for  its  exceptional  ability  to  impart 
whiteness,  brightness,  opacity  and  durability.    TiO2  is  a  critical  component  of  everyday  applications,  such  as 
coatings, plastics and paper, as well as many specialty products such as inks, food and cosmetics.  TiO2 is widely 
considered to be superior to alternative white pigments in large part due to its hiding power (or opacity), which is the 
ability to cover or mask other materials effectively and efficiently.  TiO2 is designed, marketed and sold based on 
specific end-use applications.   

TiO2  is  the  largest  commercially  used whitening pigment  because  it has  a high  refractive rating giving  it 
more hiding power than any other commercially produced white pigment.  In addition, TiO2 has excellent resistance 
to interaction with other chemicals, good thermal stability and resistance to ultraviolet degradation.  Although there 
are other white pigments on the market, Kronos believes that there are no effective substitutes for TiO2 because no 
other  white  pigment  has  the  physical  properties  for  achieving  comparable  opacity  and  brightness  or  can  be 
incorporated  in  as  cost-effective  a  manner.    Pigment  extenders  such  as  kaolin  clays,  calcium  carbonate  and 
polymeric opacifiers are used together with TiO2 in a number of end-use markets.  However, these products are not 
able  to  duplicate  the  opacity  performance  characteristics  of  TiO2  and  Kronos  believes  that  these  products  are 
unlikely to have a significant impact on the use of TiO2.   

TiO2 is considered a “quality-of-life” product.  Demand for TiO2 has generally been driven by worldwide 
gross domestic product and has generally increased with rising standards of living in various regions of the world.  
According to industry estimates, TiO2 consumption has grown at a compound annual growth rate of approximately 
2.9% since 1990.  Per capita consumption of TiO2 in Western Europe and the United States far exceeds that in other 
areas of the world, and these regions are expected to continue to be the largest consumers of TiO2 on a per capita 
basis.  Kronos believes that Western Europe and North America currently account for approximately 20% and 17% 
of  global  TiO2  consumption,  respectively.    Markets  for  TiO2  are  generally  increasing  in  South  America,  Eastern 
Europe,  the  Asia  Pacific  region  and  China  and  Kronos  believes  these  are  significant  markets  where  it  expects 
continued  growth  as  economies  in  these  regions  continue  to  develop  and  quality-of-life  products,  including  TiO2, 
experience greater demand. 

- 7 - 

 
In recent years, global production capacity for TiO2 has increased primarily due to debottlenecking existing 
production facilities in the western world and construction of new plants in China.  However, during 2008 and 2009, 
several TiO2 manufacturers permanently reduced capacity at high operating cost facilities in Europe, North America 
and China, in part in connection with environmental-related issues.  Decreased capacity, along with the decline in 
customer inventories which occurred in the first half of 2009, led to industry-wide tightness in TiO2 inventories.  As 
a result of these factors, TiO2 selling prices began to increase in the second half of 2009 and continued to increase 
throughout 2010 and 2011.  As demand weakened in 2012 as a result of global economic weakness and uncertainty, 
TiO2  selling  prices  decreased.    Demand  improved  in  2013,  particularly  in  Europe,  and  selling  prices  began  to 
stabilize.  Kronos expects that demand for TiO2 products will continue to increase as economic conditions improve 
in the various regions of the world.  

Products  and  end-use  markets  -  Kronos,  including  its  predecessors,  has  produced  and  marketed  TiO2  in 
North America and Europe, its primary markets, for over 90 years.  We believe that Kronos is the largest producer 
of TiO2 in Europe with approximately one-half of its sales volumes attributable to markets in Europe.   

The table below shows Kronos’ market share for its significant markets, Europe and North America, for the 

last three years.   

Europe 
North America 

2011  

2012

2013 

19%    
17%    

19%     
19%     

18%
18%

We  believe  that  Kronos  is  the  leading  seller  of  TiO2  in  several  countries,  including  Germany,  with  an 
estimated 9% share of worldwide TiO2 sales volume in 2013.  Overall, Kronos is one of the top five producers of 
TiO2 in the world. 

Kronos  offers  its  customers  a  broad  portfolio  of  products  that  includes  over  40  different  TiO2  pigment 
grades under the Kronos® trademark which provide a variety of performance properties to meet customers’ specific 
requirements.  Kronos’ major customers include domestic and international paint, plastics, decorative laminate and 
paper manufacturers.  Kronos ships TiO2 to customers in either a powder or slurry form via rail, truck and/or ocean 
carrier.  Sales of its core TiO2 pigments represented approximately 90% of Kronos’ net sales in 2013.  Kronos and its 
agents  and  distributors  primarily  sell  and  provide  technical  services  for  Kronos’  products  in  three  major  end-use 
markets: coatings, plastics and paper.  The following tables show Kronos’ approximate sales volume by geographic 
region and end use for the year ended December 31, 2013:  

Sales Volumes Percentages 
by Geographic Region

Sales Volumes Percentages 
by End-use 

Europe 
North America 
Asia Pacific 
Rest of world 

49%  Coatings 
33%  Plastics 
4%  Other 
14%  Paper 

54%
33%
8%
5%

Some of the principal applications for Kronos’ products include the following.  

TiO2 for  coatings  –  Kronos’ TiO2 is  used  to  provide  opacity,  durability,  tinting  strength  and  brightness  in 
industrial coatings, as well as coatings for home interiors and exteriors, automobiles, aircraft, machines, appliances, 
traffic paint and other special purpose coatings.  The amount of TiO2 used in coatings varies widely depending on 
the opacity, color and quality desired.  In general, the higher the opacity requirement of the coating, the greater the 
TiO2 content.  

- 8 - 

 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
TiO2  for  plastics  -  Kronos  produces  TiO2  pigments  that  improve  the  optical  and  physical  properties  in 
plastics, including whiteness and opacity.  TiO2 is used to provide opacity in items such as containers and packaging 
materials, and vinyl products such as windows, door profiles and siding.  TiO2 also generally provides hiding power, 
neutral  undertone,  brightness  and  surface  durability  for  housewares,  appliances,  toys,  computer  cases  and  food 
packages.    TiO2’s  high  brightness  along  with  its  opacity  is  used  in  some  engineering  plastics  to  help  mask  their 
undesirable natural color.  TiO2 is also used in masterbatch, which is a concentrate of TiO2 and other additives and is 
one  of  the  largest  uses  for  TiO2  in  the  plastics  end-use  market.    In  masterbatch,  the  TiO2  is  dispersed  at  high 
concentrations  into  a  plastic  resin  and  is  then  used  by  manufacturers  of  plastic  containers,  bottles,  packaging  and 
agricultural films.  

TiO2  for  paper  –  Kronos’  TiO2  is  used  in  the  production  of  several  types  of  paper,  including  laminate 
(decorative)  paper,  filled  paper  and  coated  paper  to  provide  whiteness,  brightness,  opacity  and  color  stability.  
Although Kronos sells its TiO2 to all segments of the paper end-use market, its primary focus is on the TiO2 grades 
used  in  paper  laminates,  where  several  layers  of  paper  are  laminated  together  using  melamine  resin  under  high 
temperature and pressure.  The top layer of paper contains TiO2 and plastic resin and is the layer that is printed with 
decorative  patterns.    Paper  laminates  are  used  to  replace  materials  such  as  wood  and  tile  for  such  applications  as 
counter  tops, furniture  and  wallboard.    TiO2  is  beneficial  in  these  applications because  it  assists  in preventing  the 
material from fading or changing color after prolonged exposure to sunlight and other weathering agents.  

TiO2 for other applications – Kronos produces TiO2 to improve the opacity and hiding power of printing 
inks.   TiO2  allows  inks  to  achieve very  high print quality  while not  interfering with  the  technical requirements  of 
printing machinery, including low abrasion, high printing speed and high temperatures.  Kronos’ TiO2 is also used in 
textile applications where TiO2 functions as an opacifying and delustering agent.  In man-made fibers such as rayon 
and polyester, TiO2 corrects an otherwise undesirable glossy and translucent appearance.  Without the presence of 
TiO2, these materials would be unsuitable for use in many textile applications.  

Kronos produces high purity sulfate process anatase TiO2 used to provide opacity, whiteness and brightness 
in  a  variety  of  cosmetic  and  personal  care  products,  such  as  skin  cream,  lipstick,  eye  shadow  and  toothpaste.  
Kronos’ TiO2 is also found in food products, such as candy and confectionaries and in pet foods where it is used to 
obtain  uniformity  of  color  and  appearance.    In  pharmaceuticals,  TiO2  is  used  commonly  as  a  colorant  in  pill  and 
capsule  coatings  as  well  as  in  liquid  medicines  to  provide  uniformity  of  color  and  appearance.    Kronos®  purified 
anatase grades meet the applicable requirements of the CTFA (Cosmetics, Toiletries and Fragrances Association), 
USP and BP (United States Pharmacopoeia and British Pharmacopoeia) and the FDA (United States Food and Drug 
Administration).   

Kronos’  TiO2  business  is  enhanced  by  the  following  three  complementary  businesses,  which  comprised 

approximately 10% of its net sales in 2013:  

(cid:121)  Kronos owns and operates two ilmenite mines in Norway pursuant to a governmental concession with 
an unlimited term.  Ilmenite is a raw material used directly as a feedstock by some sulfate-process TiO2 
plants.  We believe that Kronos has a significant competitive advantage because its mines supply the 
feedstock requirements for all of its European sulfate-process plants.  Kronos also sells ilmenite ore to 
third-parties,  some  of  which  are  competitors.    The  mines  have  estimated  ilmenite  reserves  that  are 
expected to last at least 50 years.   

(cid:121)  Kronos manufactures and sells iron-based chemicals, which are co-products and processed co-products 
of the sulfate and chloride process TiO2 pigment production.  These co-product chemicals are marketed 
through  Kronos’  Ecochem  division  and  are  primarily  used  as  treatment  and  conditioning  agents  for 
industrial effluents and municipal wastewater as well as for the manufacture of iron pigments, cement 
and agricultural products.   

(cid:121)  Kronos  manufactures  and  sells  titanium  oxychloride  and  titanyl  sulfate,  which  are  side-stream 
specialty products from the production of TiO2.  Titanium oxychloride is used in specialty applications 
in the formulation of pearlescent pigments, production of electroceramic capacitors for cell phones and 
other electronic devices.  Titanyl sulfate productions are used in pearlescent pigments, natural gas pipe 
and other specialty applications.   

- 9 - 

 
Manufacturing,  operations  and  properties  -  Kronos  produces  TiO2  in  two  crystalline  forms:  rutile  and 
anatase.    Rutile  TiO2  is  manufactured  using  both  a  chloride  production  process  and  a  sulfate  production  process, 
whereas  anatase  TiO2  is  only  produced  using  a  sulfate  production  process.    Manufacturers  of  many  end-use 
applications  can  use  either  form,  especially  during  periods  of  tight  supply  for  TiO2.    The  chloride  process  is  the 
preferred form for use in coatings and plastics, the two largest end-use markets.  Due to environmental factors and 
customer  considerations,  the  proportion  of  TiO2  industry  sales  represented  by  chloride  process  pigments  has 
increased  relative  to  sulfate  process  pigments  and  in  2013,  chloride  process  production  facilities  represented 
approximately  47%  of  industry  capacity.    The  sulfate  process  is  preferred  for  use  in  selected  paper  products, 
ceramics, rubber tires, man-made fibers, food products and cosmetics.  Once an intermediate TiO2 pigment has been 
produced  by  either  the  chloride  or  sulfate  process,  it  is  “finished”  into  products  with  specific  performance 
characteristics for particular end-use applications through proprietary processes involving various chemical surface 
treatments and intensive micronizing (milling).   

(cid:121)  Chloride  process  - The  chloride process  is  a  continuous process  in which  chlorine  is used  to  extract 
rutile  TiO2.    The  chloride  process  produces  less  waste  than  the  sulfate  process  because  much  of  the 
chlorine is recycled and feedstock bearing higher titanium content is used.  The chloride process also 
has  lower  energy  requirements  and  is  less  labor-intensive  than  the  sulfate  process,  although  the 
chloride process requires a higher-skilled labor force.  The chloride process produces an intermediate 
base pigment with a wide range of properties.   

(cid:121)  Sulfate  process  -  The  sulfate  process  is  a  batch  process  in  which  sulfuric  acid  is  used  to  extract  the 
TiO2 from ilmenite or titanium slag.  After separation from the impurities in the ore (mainly iron), the 
TiO2  is  precipitated  and  calcined  to  form  an  intermediate  base  pigment  ready  for  sale  or  can  be 
upgraded through finishing treatment.   

Kronos produced 474,000 metric tons of TiO2 in 2013, up from the 469,000 metric tons produced in 2012.  
Kronos’  production  amounts  include  its  share  of  the  output  produced  by  its  TiO2  manufacturing  joint-venture 
discussed below in “TiO2  Manufacturing Joint Venture.”  Kronos’ average production capacity utilization rates were 
near full capacity in 2011, and approximately 85% and 86% of capacity in 2012 and 2013, respectively.  Kronos’s 
production utilization rates in 2013 were impacted by a labor lockout at its Canadian production facility that began 
in June 2013 and ended in November 2013, as discussed below in “Employees.”  Kronos operated its Canadian plant 
at approximately 15% of the plant’s capacity with non-union management employees during the lockout. 

Kronos operates four TiO2 plants in Europe (one in each of Leverkusen, Germany; Nordenham, Germany; 
Langerbrugge,  Belgium;  and  Fredrikstad,  Norway).    In  North  America,  Kronos  has  a  TiO2  plant  in  Varennes, 
Quebec,  Canada  and,  through  the  manufacturing  joint  venture  described  below  in  “TiO2    Manufacturing  Joint 
Venture,” a 50% interest in a TiO2 plant in Lake Charles, Louisiana.   

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Kronos’ production capacity in 2013 was 550,000 metric tons, approximately three-fourths of which was 
from  the  chloride  production  process.    The  following  table  presents  the  division  of  Kronos’  expected  2014 
manufacturing capacity by plant location and type of manufacturing process:  

% of Capacity by TiO2 
Manufacturing Process  
Sulfate  

   Chloride  

Facility 

Leverkusen, Germany (1) 

Description
TiO2 production, chloride and sulfate process, 

co-products 

Nordenham, Germany 

   TiO2 production, sulfate process, co-products 

Langerbrugge, Belgium 

TiO2 production, chloride process, co-products, 

titanium chemicals products 

Fredrikstad, Norway (2) 

   TiO2 production, sulfate process, co-products 

Varennes, Canada 

TiO2 production, chloride and sulfate process, 

slurry facility, titanium chemicals products     

Lake Charles, Louisiana (3) 

   TiO2 production, chloride process 

39 %      

-         

21         

-         

21         

19         

25% 

40   

-   

22   

13   

-   

Total 

100 %      

100% 

(1)  The Leverkusen facility is located within an extensive manufacturing complex owned by Bayer AG.  Kronos 
owns the Leverkusen facility, which represents about one-third of its current TiO2 production capacity, but it 
leases  the  land  under  the  facility  from  Bayer  under  a  long-term  agreement  which  expires  in  2050.    Lease 
payments are periodically negotiated with Bayer for periods of at least two years at a time.  A majority-owned 
subsidiary  of  Bayer  provides  some  raw  materials,  including  chlorine,  auxiliary  and  operating  materials, 
utilities  and  services  necessary  to  operate  the  Leverkusen  facility  under  separate  supplies  and  services 
agreements.   

(2)  The Fredrikstad plant is located on public land and is leased until 2063.   

(3)  Kronos  operates  the  Lake  Charles  facility  in  a  joint  venture  with  Tioxide  Americas,  LLC  (Tioxide),  a 
subsidiary of Huntsman Corporation and the amount indicated in the table above represents the share of the 
TiO2 produced by the joint venture to which Kronos is entitled.  See in “TiO2  Manufacturing Joint Venture.” 

Kronos owns the land underlying all of its principle production facilities unless otherwise indicated in the 

table above.   

Kronos’  production  capacity  has  increased  by  approximately  17%  over  the  past  ten  years  due  to 
debottlenecking  programs,  with  only  moderate  capital  expenditures.    We  believe  that  Kronos’  annual  attainable 
production capacity for 2014 is approximately 555,000 metric tons.  While we currently expect Kronos’ production 
capacity for 2014 will be higher in 2014 as compared to 2013, we expect that Kronos will operate at less-than-full 
production capacity for the 2014,  due principally to the ramp-up of operations at its Canadian facility following the 
end of the lockout in November 2013 when the terms of a new collective bargaining agreement were reached as well 
as the implementation of certain productivity-enhancing capital improvement projects at other facilities which will 
result in longer-than-normal maintenance shutdowns in certain instances.  

Kronos  also  operates  two  ilmenite  mines  in  Norway  pursuant  to  a  governmental  concession  with  an 
unlimited term.  In addition, Kronos operates a rutile slurry manufacturing plant in Lake Charles, Louisiana, which 
converts  dry  pigment  manufactured  for  Kronos  at  the  Lake  Charles  TiO2  facility  into  a  slurry  form  that  is  then 
shipped to customers.   

Kronos has various corporate and administrative offices located in the U.S., Germany, Norway, Canada and 
Belgium  and  various  sales  offices  located  in  the  U.S.,  Canada,  Belgium,  France,  the  Netherlands  and  the  United 
Kingdom.   

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TiO2 Manufacturing Joint Venture - Kronos and Tioxide each own a 50% interest in a manufacturing joint 
venture, Louisiana Pigment Company, L.P. or LPC.  LPC owns and operates a chloride process TiO2 facility located 
in Lake Charles, Louisiana.  Kronos shares production from the plant equally with Huntsman pursuant to separate 
offtake agreements.   

A  supervisory  committee  directs  the  business  and  affairs  of  LPC,  including  production  and  output 
decisions.    This  committee  is  composed  of  four  members,  two  of  whom  Kronos  appoints  and  two  of  whom 
Huntsman appoints.  Two general managers manage the operations of the joint venture acting under the direction of 
the supervisory committee.  Kronos appoints one general manager and Huntsman appoints the other.   

The joint venture is not consolidated in Kronos’ financial statements, because Kronos does not control it.  

Kronos accounts for its interest in the joint venture by the equity method.  The joint venture operates on a break-
even basis and therefore Kronos does not have any equity  in earnings of the joint venture.  Kronos is required to 
purchase one half of the TiO2 produced by the joint venture.  Kronos shares all costs and capital expenditures equally 
with Huntsman with the exception of raw material and packaging costs for the pigment grades produced.  Kronos’ 
share of net costs is reported as cost of sales as the TiO2 is sold.   

Raw materials - The primary raw materials used in chloride process TiO2 are titanium-containing feedstock 
(purchased natural rutile ore or slag), chlorine and coke.   Chlorine is available from a number of suppliers, while 
petroleum coke is available from a limited number of suppliers.  Titanium-containing feedstock suitable for use in 
the chloride process is available from a limited but increasing number of suppliers principally in Australia, South 
Africa, Canada, India and the United States.  Kronos purchases chloride process grade slag from Rio Tinto Iron and 
Titanium under a long-term supply contract that expires at the end of 2016 and from Tronox Mineral Sands (PTY) 
LTD under a supply contract that expires in December 2015.  Kronos purchases upgraded slag from Q.I.T.  Fer et 
Titane Inc.  (a subsidiary of Rio Tinto Iron and Titanium) under a long-term supply contract that expires at the end 
of  2015.    Kronos  purchases  natural  rutile  ore  under  contracts  primarily  from  Iluka  Resources,  Limited  and  Sierra 
Rutile Limited (under a new supply contract entered into in January 2014) that expire in 2014.  In the past Kronos 
has  been,  and  expects  to  continue  to  be  successful  in  obtaining  short-term  and  long-term  extensions  to  these  and 
other  existing  supply  contracts  prior  to  their  expiration.    Kronos  expects  the  raw  materials  purchased  under  these 
contracts, and contracts that it may enter into in the near term, will meet its chloride process feedstock requirements 
over the next several years.   

The  primary  raw  materials  used  in  sulfate  process  TiO2  are  titanium-containing  feedstock,  primarily 
ilmenite  or  purchased  sulfate  grade  slag  and  sulfuric  acid.   Sulfuric  acid  is  available  from  a  number  of  suppliers.  
Titanium-containing feedstock suitable for use in the sulfate process is available from a limited number of suppliers 
principally in Norway, Canada, Australia, India and South Africa.  As one of the few vertically-integrated producers 
of sulfate process TiO2, Kronos operates two rock ilmenite mines in Norway, which provided all of the feedstock for 
its  European  sulfate  process  TiO2  plants  in  2013.    Kronos  expects  ilmenite  production  from  its  mines  to  meet  its 
European sulfate process feedstock requirements for the foreseeable future.  For its Canadian sulfate process plant, 
Kronos also purchases sulfate grade slag primarily from Q.I.T. Fer et Titane Inc. (a subsidiary of Rio Tinto Iron and 
Titanium),  under  a  supply  contract  that  expires  at  the  end  of  2014.    Kronos  expects  the  raw  materials  purchased 
under  these  contracts,  and  contracts  that  it  may  enter  into  in  the  near  term,  to  meet  its  sulfate  process  feedstock 
requirements over the next several years.   

Many  of  Kronos’  raw  material  contracts  contain  fixed  quantities  it  is  required  to  purchase,  or  specify  a 
range of quantities within which Kronos is required to purchase.  The pricing under these agreements is generally 
negotiated quarterly.   

- 12 - 

 
The following table summarizes Kronos’ raw materials purchased or mined in 2013.   

Production process/raw material

Chloride process plants: 

Purchased slag or rutile ore 

Sulfate process plants: 

Ilmenite ore mined and used internally 
Purchased slag 

Raw materials 
procured or mined 
(In thousands of metric tons) 

390 

310 
 25 

Sales and marketing - Kronos’ marketing strategy is aimed at developing and maintaining strong customer 
relationships with new and existing accounts.  Because TiO2 represents a significant raw material cost for Kronos’ 
customers, the purchasing decisions are often made by customers’ senior management.  Kronos works to maintain 
close  relationships  with  the  key  decision  makers,  through  in-depth  and  frequent  in-person  meetings.    Kronos 
endeavors  to  extend  these  commercial  and  technical  relationships  to  multiple  levels  within  its  customers’ 
organization by using its direct sales force and technical service group to accomplish this objective.  We believe this 
has helped build customer loyalty to Kronos and strengthen its competitive position.  Close cooperation and strong 
customer  relationships  enable  Kronos  to  stay  closely  attuned  to  trends  in  its  customers’  businesses.    Where 
appropriate, Kronos works in conjunction with customers to solve formulation or application problems by modifying 
specific product properties or developing new pigment grades.  Kronos also focuses its sales and marketing efforts 
on those geographic and end-use market businesses where Kronos believes it can realize higher selling prices.  This 
focus includes continuously reviewing and optimizing customer and product portfolios.   

Kronos’ marketing strategy is also aimed at working directly with customers to monitor the success of its 
products in their end-use applications, evaluate the need for improvements in product and process technology and 
identify  opportunities  to  develop  new  product  solutions  for  its  customers.    Kronos’  marketing  staff  closely 
coordinates with its sales force and technical specialists to ensure that the needs of its customers are met, and to help 
develop and commercialize new grades where appropriate.   

Kronos  sells  a  majority  of  its  products  through  its  direct  sales  force  operating  from  six  sales  offices  in 
Europe and one sales office in North America.  Kronos also utilizes sales agents and distributors who are authorized 
to sell its products in specific geographic areas.  In Europe, Kronos’ sales efforts are conducted primarily through its 
direct  sales  force  and  its  sales  agents.    Kronos’  agents  do  not  sell  any  TiO2  products  other  than  Kronos®  brand 
products.    In  North  America,  Kronos’  sales  are  made  primarily  through  its  direct  sales  force  and  supported  by  a 
network of distributors.  In addition to its direct sales force and sales agents, many of Kronos’ sales agents also act 
as  distributors to  service  its smaller  customers  in  all  regions.   Kronos offers  the  same  high  level  of  customer  and 
technical service to the customers who purchase its products through distributors as it offers to its larger customers 
serviced by its direct sales force.   

Kronos sells to a diverse customer base with only one customer representing 10% or more of its sales in 
2013 (Behr Process Corporation – 10%).  Kronos’ largest ten customers accounted for approximately 34% of sales 
in 2013. 

Neither Kronos’ business as a whole nor any of its principal product groups is seasonal to any significant 
extent.    However,  TiO2  sales  are  generally  higher  in  the  second  and  third  quarters  of  the  year,  due  in  part  to  the 
increase  in  paint  production  in  the  spring  to  meet  demand  during  the  spring  and  summer  painting  seasons.    With 
certain exceptions, Kronos has historically operated its production facilities at near full capacity rates throughout the 
entire year, which among other things helps to minimize its per-unit production costs.  As a result, Kronos normally 
will  build  inventories  during  the  first  and  fourth  quarters  of  each  year,  in  order  to  maximize  product  availability 
during the higher demand periods normally experienced in the second and third quarters.   

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Competition - The TiO2 industry is highly competitive.  Kronos competes primarily on the basis of price, 
product  quality,  technical  service  and  the  availability  of  high  performance  pigment  grades.    Since  TiO2  is  not  a 
traded commodity, its pricing is largely a product of negotiation between suppliers and their respective customers.  
Although certain TiO2 grades are considered specialty pigments, the majority of Kronos’ grades and substantially all 
of  its  production  are  considered  commodity  pigments  with  price  and  availability  being  the  most  significant 
competitive factors along with quality and customer service.  During 2013, Kronos had an estimated 9% share of 
worldwide TiO2 sales volume, and based on sales volumes, we believe that Kronos is the leading seller of TiO2 in 
several countries, including Germany.   

Kronos’  principal  competitors  are  E.I.  du  Pont  de  Nemours &  Co.,  or  Dupont;  Millennium  Inorganic 
Chemicals,  Inc.  (a  subsidiary  of  National  Titanium  Dioxide  Company  Ltd.),  or  Cristal;  Huntsman  Corporation; 
Tronox Incorporated; and Sachtleben Chemie GmbH.  The top six TiO2 producers account for approximately 60% 
of the world’s production capacity.   In September 2013, Huntsman announced its intent to purchase Sachtleben’s 
TiO2 business  as  well  as  certain  other  assets  from  Sachtleben’s  parent  company,  which  acquisition  Huntsman  has 
indicated it expects to be completed by June 2014.  Concurrently, Huntsman also announced its intent to spin-off the 
consolidated  TiO2 business within  two  years  of  the acquisition.    In October 2013, DuPont  announced  its  intent  to 
spin-off its TiO2 operations into a separate publicly-traded company by April 2015. 

The following chart shows Kronos’ estimate of worldwide production capacity in 2013: 

Worldwide Production Capacity - 2013

DuPont 
Cristal 
Kronos 
Huntsman 
Tronox 
Sachtleben 
Other 

18 % 
11 % 
9 % 
9 % 
7 % 
5 % 
41 % 

DuPont has over one-half of total North American TiO2 production capacity and is Kronos’ principal North 

American competitor  

Over  the  past  ten  years,  Kronos  and  its  competitors  have  increased  industry  capacity  through 
debottlenecking projects, which in part compensated for the shutdown of various TiO2 plants in France, the United 
States and China.  In addition, in May 2011, DuPont announced a comprehensive plan to add approximately 350,000 
metric tons of global capacity in the next three years.  Although overall industry demand is expected to be generally 
higher  in  2014  as  compared  to  2013  as  a  result  of  improving  worldwide  economic  conditions,  Kronos  does  not 
expect  any  other  significant efforts will  be  undertaken  by  it  or  its  competitors  to further  increase  capacity  for  the 
foreseeable future, other than through debottlenecking projects.  If actual developments differ from its expectations, 
the TiO2 industry’s performance and that of Kronos own could be unfavorably affected.   

The  TiO2  industry  is  characterized  by  high  barriers  to  entry  consisting  of  high  capital  costs,  proprietary 
technology  and  significant  lead  times  (typically  three  to  five  years  in  our  experience)  required  to  construct  new 
facilities or to expand existing capacity.  In addition, Kronos believes the suppliers of titanium-containing feedstock 
do not currently have the ability to supply the raw materials that would be required to operate any such new TiO2 
production  capacity  until  they  have  invested  in  additional  infrastructure  required  to  expand  their  own  production 
capacity, which Kronos’ believes will take a few years to complete.  Kronos believes it is unlikely any new TiO2 
plants will be constructed in Europe or North America in the foreseeable future.   

Research and development - Kronos employs scientists, chemists, process engineers and technicians who 
are  engaged  in  research  and  development,  process  technology  and  quality  assurance  activities  in  Leverkusen, 
Germany.    These  individuals  have  the  responsibility  for  improving  chloride  and  sulfate  production  processes, 
improving  product  quality  and  strengthening  Kronos’  competitive  position  by  developing  new  applications.  
Kronos’  expenditures  for  these  activities  were  approximately  $20  million  in  2011,  $19  million  in  2012  and  $18 
million in 2013.  Kronos expects to spend $21 million on research and development in 2014.   

- 14 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Kronos continually seeks to improve the quality of its grades and has been successful at developing new 
grades for existing and new applications to meet the needs of its customers and increase product life cycles.  Since 
2008, Kronos has added four new grades for pigments and other applications.  

Patents,  trademarks,  trade  secrets  and  other  intellectual  property  rights  -  Kronos  has  a  comprehensive 
intellectual property protection strategy that includes obtaining, maintaining and enforcing its patents, primarily in 
the United States, Canada and Europe.  Kronos also protects its trademark and trade secret rights and has entered 
into  license  agreements  with  third  parties  concerning  various  intellectual  property  matters.    Kronos  has  also  from 
time to time been involved in disputes over intellectual property.   

Patents - Kronos has obtained patents and has numerous patent applications pending that cover its products 
and the technology used in the manufacture of its products.  Kronos’ patent strategy is important to Kronos and its 
continuing business activities.  In addition to maintaining its patent portfolio, Kronos seeks patent protection for its 
technical developments, principally in the United States, Canada and Europe.  U.S. patents are generally in effect for 
20  years  from  the  date  of  filing.    Kronos’  U.S.  patent  portfolio  includes  patents  having  remaining  terms  ranging 
from one year to 18 years.   

Trademarks  and  trade  secrets  -  Kronos’  trademarks,  including  Kronos®,  are  covered  by  issued  and  or 
pending  registrations,  including  in  Canada  and  the  United  States.    Kronos  protects  the  marks  that  it  uses  in 
connection with the products it manufactures and sells and has developed goodwill in connection with the long-term 
use  of  its  trademarks.    Kronos  conducts  research  activities  in  secret  and  it  protects  the  confidentiality  of  its  trade 
secrets  through reasonable measures,  including  confidentiality  agreements  and  security  procedures.   Kronos  relies 
upon unpatented proprietary knowledge and continuing technological innovation and other trade secrets to develop 
and maintain its competitive position.  Kronos’ proprietary chloride production process is an important part of its 
technology and its business could be harmed if Kronos fails to maintain confidentiality of its trade secrets used in 
this technology.   

Employees - As of December 31, 2013, Kronos employed the following number of people:  

Europe 
Canada 
United States (1) 
Total 

2,065    
335    
50    
2,450    

(1)  Excludes employees of Kronos’ Louisiana joint venture.   

Certain employees at each of Kronos’ production facilities are organized by labor unions.  In Europe, union 
employees  are  covered  by  master  collective  bargaining  agreements  for  the  chemical  industry  that  are  generally 
renewed  annually.    Unionized  employees  in  Kronos’  Canadian  production  facility  were  covered  by  a  collective 
bargaining  agreement  that  expired  June 15,  2013.   The  union  employees  represented  by  the  Confederation  des 
Syndicat  National  (CSN)  rejected  Kronos’  revised  global  offer,  and  Kronos  declared  a  lockout  of  unionized 
employees  upon  the  expiration  of  the  existing  contract.   Effective  the  end  of  November  2013, Kronos  reached  an 
agreement on the terms of a new collective bargaining agreement with the CSN and the unionized employees that 
expires in June 2018.  The unionized employees began to return to work in December 2013, and production resumed 
in  February  2014.    Among  other  things,  the  new  agreement  provides  for  the  reduction  in  Kronos’  Canadian 
workforce  and  the  freezing  of  the  defined  benefit  pension  plan  for  hourly  workers  effective  at  the  end  of  2013 
(which  was  replaced  with  a  new  defined  contribution  benefit  plan.)    These  and  other  provisions  of  the  new 
agreement  are  intended  to  reduce  the  operating  costs  of  such  facility  going  forward.    At  December  31,  2013, 
approximately  86%  of  Kronos’  worldwide  workforce  is  organized  under  collective  bargaining  agreements.    It  is 
possible  that  there  could  be  future  work  stoppages  or  other  labor  disruptions  that  could  materially  and  adversely 
affect Kronos’ business, results of operations, financial position or liquidity.   

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Regulatory  and  environmental  matters  -  Kronos’  operations  and  properties  are  governed  by  various 
environmental laws and regulations, which are complex, change frequently and have tended to become stricter over 
time.    These  environmental  laws  govern,  among  other  things,  the  generation,  storage,  handling,  use  and 
transportation  of  hazardous  materials;  the  emission  and  discharge  of  hazardous  materials  into  the  ground,  air  or 
water;  and  the  health  and  safety  of  employees.    Certain  of  Kronos’  operations  are,  or  have  been,  engaged  in  the 
generation,  storage,  handling,  manufacture  or  use  of  substances  or  compounds  that  may  be  considered  toxic  or 
hazardous within the meaning of applicable environmental laws and regulations.  As with other companies engaged 
in  similar  businesses,  certain  of  Kronos’  past  and  current  operations  and  products  have  the  potential  to  cause 
environmental  or  other  damage.    Kronos  has  implemented  and  continues  to  implement  various  policies  and 
programs in an effort to minimize these risks.  Kronos’ policy is to comply with applicable environmental laws and 
regulations  at  all  of  its  facilities  and  to  strive  to  improve  environmental  performance.    It  is  possible  that  future 
developments, such as stricter requirements in environmental laws and enforcement policies, could adversely affect 
Kronos’  operations,  including  production,  handling,  use,  storage,  transportation,  sale  or  disposal  of  hazardous  or 
toxic substances or require Kronos to make capital and other expenditures to comply, and could adversely affect its 
consolidated financial position and results of operations or liquidity.   

Kronos’ U.S. manufacturing operations are governed by federal, state and local environmental and worker 
health and safety laws and regulations.  These include the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, or RCRA, the 
Occupational  Safety  and  Health  Act,  the  Clean  Air  Act,  the  Clean  Water  Act,  the  Safe  Drinking  Water  Act,  the 
Toxic Substances Control Act and the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act, as 
amended by the Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, or CERCLA, as well as the state counterparts of 
these statutes.  Some of these laws hold current or previous owners or operators of real property liable for the costs 
of cleaning up contamination, even if these owners or operators did not know of, and were not responsible for, such 
contamination.    These  laws  also  assess  liability  on  any  person  who  arranges  for  the  disposal  or  treatment  of 
hazardous  substances,  regardless  of  whether  the  affected  site  is  owned  or  operated  by  such  person.    Although 
Kronos  has  not  incurred  and  does  not  currently  anticipate  any  material  liabilities  in  connection  with  such 
environmental laws, it may be required to make expenditures for environmental remediation in the future.   

While  the  laws  regulating  operations  of  industrial  facilities  in  Europe  vary  from  country  to  country,  a 
common regulatory framework is provided by the European Union, or the EU.  Germany and Belgium are members 
of  the  EU  and  follow  its  initiatives.   Norway  is  not a  member  but generally  patterns  its  environmental  regulatory 
actions after the EU.   

At Kronos’ sulfate plant facilities in Germany, it recycles spent sulfuric acid either through contracts with 
third parties or at its own facilities.  In addition, at Kronos’ German locations it has a contract with a third party to 
treat  certain  sulfate-process  effluents.    At  its  Norwegian  plant,  Kronos  ships  spent  acid  to  a  third  party  location 
where it is used as a neutralization agent.  These contracts may be terminated by either party after giving three or 
four years advance notice, depending on the contract.   

From time to time, Kronos’ facilities may be subject to environmental regulatory enforcement under U.S.  
and non-U.S. statutes.  Typically Kronos establishes compliance programs to resolve these matters.  Occasionally, 
Kronos may pay penalties.  To date such penalties have not involved amounts having a material adverse effect on 
Kronos’ consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.  We believe that all of Kronos’ facilities 
are in substantial compliance with applicable environmental laws.   

Kronos’  capital  expenditures  related  to  ongoing  environmental  compliance,  protection  and  improvement 
programs,  including  capital  expenditures  which  are  primarily  focused  on  increased  operating  efficiency  but  also 
result in improved environmental protection such as lower emissions from its manufacturing facilities, were $24.8 
million in 2013 and are currently expected to be approximately $14 million in 2014.  

Other 

In addition to our 87% ownership of CompX and our 30% ownership of Kronos at December 31, 2013, we 
also  own  100%  of EWI  RE,  Inc.,  an  insurance  brokerage  and risk  management  services  company.   We  also hold 
certain marketable securities and other investments.  See Notes 6 and 16 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.   

- 16 - 

 
Regulatory  and  environmental  matters  -  We  discuss  regulatory  and  environmental  matters  in  the 
respective  business  sections  contained  elsewhere  herein  and  in  Item 3  -  “Legal  Proceedings.”  In  addition,  the 
information  included  in  Note  18  to  our  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  under  the  captions  “Lead  pigment 
litigation” and “Environmental matters and litigation” is incorporated herein by reference.   

Insurance - We maintain insurance for our businesses and operations, with customary levels of coverage, 
deductibles  and  limits.    See  also  Item 3  –  “Legal  Proceedings  –  Insurance  coverage  claims”  and  Note  17  to  our 
Consolidated Financial Statements.   

Business strategy - We routinely compare our liquidity requirements and alternative uses of capital against 
the estimated future cash flows we expect to receive from our subsidiaries and affiliates.  As a result of this process, 
we have in the past and may in the future seek to raise additional capital, incur debt, repurchase indebtedness in the 
market  or  otherwise  modify  our  dividend  policies,  consider  the  sale  of  our  interests  in  our  subsidiaries,  affiliates, 
business, marketable securities or other assets, or take a combination of these and other steps, to increase liquidity, 
reduce indebtedness and fund future activities.  Such activities have in the past and may in the future involve related 
companies.    From  time  to  time,  we  also  evaluate  the  restructuring  of  ownership  interests  among  our  respective 
subsidiaries and related companies.   

We and other entities that may be affiliated with Contran routinely evaluate acquisitions of interests in, or 
combinations  with,  companies,  including  related  companies,  perceived  by  management  to  be  undervalued  in  the 
marketplace.  These companies may or may not be engaged in businesses related to our current businesses.  In some 
instances,  we  have  actively  managed  the  businesses  acquired  with  a  focus  on  maximizing  return-on-investment 
through cost reductions, capital expenditures, improved operating efficiencies, selective marketing to address market 
niches, disposition of marginal operations, use of leverage and redeployment of capital to more productive assets.  In 
other  instances,  we  have  disposed  of  the  acquired  interest  in  a  company  prior  to  gaining  control.    We  intend  to 
consider such activities in the future and may, in connection with such activities, consider issuing additional equity 
securities and increasing our indebtedness.   

Available  information  -  Our  fiscal  year  ends  December 31.    We  furnish  our  shareholders  with  annual 
reports containing audited financial statements.  In addition, we file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy and 
information  statements  and  other  information  with  the  SEC.    Our  consolidated  subsidiary  (CompX)  and  our 
significant equity method investee (Kronos) also file annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy and information 
statements and other information with the SEC.  We also make our annual report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on 
Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and amendments thereto available free of charge through our website at 
www.nl-ind.com  as  soon  as  reasonably  practicable  after  they  have  been  filed  with  the  SEC.    We  also  provide  to 
anyone,  without  charge,  copies  of  such  documents  upon  written  request.    Such  requests  should  be  directed  to  the 
attention of the Corporate Secretary at our address on the cover page of this Form 10-K.   

Additional information, including our Audit Committee charter, our Code of Business Conduct and Ethics 
and our Corporate Governance Guidelines can be found on our website.  Information contained on our website is not 
part of this Annual Report.   

The general public may read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference 
Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, DC 20549.  The public may obtain information about the operation of the 
Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330.  We are an electronic filer and the SEC maintains 
an internet website that contains reports, proxy and information statements and other information regarding issuers 
that file electronically with the SEC at www.sec.gov.   

ITEM 1A.   RISK FACTORS  

Listed  below  are  certain  risk  factors  associated  with  us  and  our  businesses.    In  addition  to  the  potential 
effect  of  these  risk  factors  discussed  below,  any  risk  factor  which  could  result  in  reduced  earnings  or  operating 
losses, or reduced liquidity, could in turn adversely affect our ability to service our liabilities or pay dividends on our 
common stock or adversely affect the quoted market prices for our securities.   

- 17 - 

 
We could incur significant costs related to legal and environmental matters.   

We formerly manufactured lead pigments for use in paint.  We and others have been named as defendants 
in various legal proceedings seeking damages for personal injury, property damage and governmental expenditures 
allegedly caused by the use of lead-based paints.  These lawsuits seek recovery under a variety of theories, including 
public and private nuisance, negligent product design, negligent failure to warn, strict liability, breach of warranty, 
conspiracy/concert  of  action,  aiding  and  abetting,  enterprise  liability,  market  share  or  risk  contribution  liability, 
intentional  tort,  fraud  and  misrepresentation,  violations  of  state  consumer  protection  statutes,  supplier  negligence 
and similar claims.  The plaintiffs in these actions generally seek to impose on the defendants responsibility for lead 
paint abatement and health concerns associated with the use of lead-based paints, including damages for personal 
injury,  contribution  and/or  indemnification  for  medical  expenses,  medical  monitoring  expenses  and  costs  for 
educational programs.  As with all legal proceedings, the outcome is uncertain.  Any liability we might incur in the 
future could be material.  See also Item 3 - “Legal Proceedings - Lead pigment litigation.”  

Certain properties and facilities used in our former operations are the subject of litigation, administrative 
proceedings  or  investigations  arising  under  various  environmental  laws.    These  proceedings  seek  cleanup  costs, 
personal  injury  or  property  damages  and/or  damages  for  injury  to  natural  resources.    Some  of  these  proceedings 
involve claims for substantial amounts.  Environmental obligations are difficult to assess and estimate for numerous 
reasons,  and  we  may  incur  costs  for  environmental  remediation  in  the  future  in  excess  of  amounts  currently 
estimated.    Any  liability  we  might  incur  in  the  future  could  be  material.    See  also  Item 3  -  “Legal  Proceedings  - 
Environmental matters and litigation.”  

Our assets consist primarily of investments in our operating subsidiaries and affiliates, and we are dependent 
upon distributions from our subsidiaries and affiliates.   

The majority of our operating cash flows are generated by our operating subsidiaries and affiliates, and our 
ability  to  service  liabilities  and  to  pay  dividends  on  our  common  stock  depends  to  a  large  extent  upon  the  cash 
dividends or other distributions we receive from our subsidiaries and affiliates.  Our subsidiaries and affiliates are 
separate and distinct legal entities and they have no obligation, contingent or otherwise, to pay such cash dividends 
or other distributions to us.  In addition, the payment of dividends or other distributions from our subsidiaries and 
affiliates  could  be  subject  to  restrictions  on,  or  taxation  of,  dividends  or  repatriation  of  earnings  under  applicable 
law,  monetary  transfer  restrictions,  currency  exchange  regulations  in  jurisdictions  in  which  our  subsidiaries  and 
affiliates  operate  or  any  other  restrictions  imposed  by  current  or  future  agreements  to  which  our  subsidiaries  and 
affiliates  may  be  a  party,  including  debt  instruments.    Events  beyond  our  control,  including  changes  in  general 
business  and  economic  conditions,  could  adversely  impact  the  ability  of  our  subsidiaries  and  affiliates  to  pay 
dividends  or  make  other  distributions  to  us.    If  our  subsidiaries  and  affiliates  were  to  become  unable  to  make 
sufficient cash dividends or other distributions to us, our ability to service our liabilities and to pay dividends on our 
common stock could be adversely affected.   

In  addition,  a  significant  portion  of  our  assets  consist  of  ownership  interests  in  our  subsidiaries  and 
affiliates.  If we were required to liquidate any of such securities in order to generate funds to satisfy our liabilities, 
we  may  be  required  to  sell  such  securities  at  a  time  or  times  at  which  we  would  not  be  able  to  realize  what  we 
believe to be the actual value of such assets.   

Future acquisitions of CompX could subject us to a number of operational risks.   

A key component of CompX’s strategy is to grow and diversify its business through targeted acquisitions.  

CompX’s ability to successfully execute this component of its strategy entails a number of risks, including:  

(cid:121) 
(cid:121) 
(cid:121) 
(cid:121) 
(cid:121) 
(cid:121) 

the identification of suitable growth opportunities;  
an inaccurate assessment of acquired liabilities that were undisclosed or not properly disclosed;  
the entry into markets in which we may have limited or no experience;  
the diversion of management’s attention from our core businesses;  
the potential loss of key employees or customers of the acquired businesses;  
the  potential  of  not  identifying  that  acquired  products  infringe  on  the  intellectual  property  rights  of 
others;  

- 18 - 

 
(cid:121)  difficulties in realizing projected efficiencies, synergies and cost savings; and  
(cid:121) 

an increase in our indebtedness and a limitation in our ability to access additional capital when needed.   

Many  of  the  markets  in  which  we  operate  are  mature  and  highly  competitive  resulting  in  pricing  pressure 
and the need to continuously reduce costs.   

Many of the markets CompX serves are highly competitive, with a number of competitors offering similar 
products.    CompX  focuses  efforts  on  the  middle  and  high-end  business  of  the  market  where  we  feel  that  we  can 
compete due to the importance of product design, quality and durability to the customer.  However, our ability to 
effectively  compete  is  impacted  by  a  number  of  factors.    The  occurrence  of  any  of  these  factors  could  result  in 
reduced earnings or operating losses.   

(cid:121)  Competitors may be able to drive down prices for our products because their costs are lower than our 

costs, especially products sourced from Asia.   

(cid:121)  Competitors’  financial,  technological  and  other  resources  may  be  greater  than  our  resources,  which 

may enable them to more effectively withstand changes in market conditions.   

(cid:121)  Competitors may be able to respond more quickly than we can to new or emerging technologies and 

changes in customer requirements.   

(cid:121)  Consolidation of our competitors or customers in any of the markets in which we compete may result 

in reduced demand for our products.   

(cid:121)  New  competitors  could  emerge  by  modifying  their  existing  production  facilities  to  manufacture 

products that compete with our products.   

(cid:121)  We may not be able to sustain a cost structure that enables us to be competitive.   
(cid:121)  Customers may no longer value our product design, quality or durability over the lower cost products 

of our competitors.   

Our  development  of  innovative  features  for  our  current  component  products  is  critical  to  sustaining  and 
growing our sales.   

Historically, CompX’s ability to provide value-added custom engineered component products that address 
requirements of technology has been a key element of its success.  We spend a significant amount of time and effort 
to refine, improve and adapt our existing products for new customers and applications.  Since expenditures for these 
types  of  activities  are  not  considered  research  and  development  expense  under  accounting  principles  generally 
accepted in the United States of America, the amount of our research and development expenditures, which is not 
significant,  is  not  indicative  of  the  overall  effort  involved  in  the  development  of  new  product  features.    The 
introduction of new products and features requires the coordination of the design, manufacturing and marketing of 
such  products  with  current  and  potential  customers.    The  ability  to  coordinate  these  activities  with  current  and 
potential customers may be affected by factors beyond CompX’s control.  While we will continue to emphasize the 
introduction  of  innovative  new  product  features  that  target  customer-specific  opportunities,  there  can  be  no 
assurance  that  any  new  product  features  CompX  introduces  will  achieve  the  same  degree  of  success  that  it  has 
achieved with its existing products.  Introduction of new product features typically requires us to increase production 
volume  on  a  timely  basis  while  maintaining  product  quality.    Manufacturers  often  encounter  difficulties  in 
increasing production volumes, including delays, quality control problems and shortages of qualified personnel or 
raw materials.  As CompX attempts to introduce new product features in the future, there can be no assurance that 
CompX  will  be  able  to  increase  production  volume  without  encountering  these  or  other  problems,  which  might 
negatively impact our financial condition or results of operations.   

- 19 - 

 
Failure  to  protect  our  intellectual  property  rights  or  claims  by  others  that  we  infringe  their  intellectual 
property rights could substantially harm our business.   

CompX  relies  on  patent,  trademark  and  trade  secret  laws  in  the  United  States  and  similar  laws  in  other 
countries  to  establish  and  maintain  intellectual  property  rights  in  our  technology  and  designs.    Despite  these 
measures, any of our intellectual property rights could be challenged, invalidated, circumvented or misappropriated.  
Others  may  independently discover  our  trade  secrets  and  proprietary  information,  and  in  such  cases we  could not 
assert  any  trade  secret  rights  against  such  parties.    Further,  there  can  be  no  assurance  that  any  of  our  pending 
trademark  or  patent  applications  will  be  approved.    Costly  and  time-consuming  litigation  could  be  necessary  to 
enforce and determine the scope of our intellectual property rights.  In addition, the laws of certain countries do not 
protect  intellectual  property  rights  to  the  same  extent  as  the  laws  of  the  United  States.    Therefore,  in  certain 
jurisdictions, we may be unable to protect our technology and designs adequately against unauthorized third party 
use, which could adversely affect our competitive position.   

Third  parties  may  claim  that  we  or  our  customers  are  infringing  upon  their  intellectual  property  rights.  
Even if we believe that such claims are without merit, they can be time-consuming and costly to defend and distract 
our  management  and  technical  staff’s  attention  and  resources.    Claims  of  intellectual  property  infringement  also 
might  require  us  to  redesign  affected  technology,  enter  into  costly  settlement  or  license  agreements  or  pay  costly 
damage awards, or face a temporary or permanent injunction prohibiting us from marketing or selling certain of our 
technology.    If  we  cannot  or  do  not  license  the  infringed  technology  on  reasonable  pricing  terms  or  at  all,  or 
substitute similar technology from another source, our business could be adversely impacted.   

Global climate change legislation could negatively impact our financial results or limit our ability to operate 
our businesses.   

CompX  operates  production  facilities  in  the  United  States  and  Kronos  operates  production  facilities  in 
several  countries.    We  believe  that  all  production  facilities  are  in  substantial  compliance  with  applicable 
environmental laws.  Legislation has been passed, or proposed legislation is being considered, to limit greenhouse 
gases  through  various  means  including  emissions  permits  and/or  energy  taxes.    In  several  production  facilities, 
Kronos  consumes  large  amounts  of  energy,  including  electricity  and  natural  gas.    To  date  the  climate  change 
legislation  in  effect  has  not  had  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  financial  results.    However,  if  greenhouse  gas 
legislation were to be enacted in one or more countries, it could negatively impact our future results from operations 
through increased costs of production, particularly as it relates to our energy requirements.  If such increased costs 
of production were to materialize, we may be unable to pass price increases onto our customers to compensate for 
increased production costs, which may decrease our liquidity, income from operations and results of operations.   

Higher costs or limited availability of our raw materials may decrease our liquidity.   

Certain  of  the  raw  materials  used  in  CompX’s  products  are  commodities  that  are  subject  to  significant 
fluctuations in price in response to world-wide supply and demand as well as speculative investor activity.  Zinc and 
brass are the principal raw materials used in the manufacture of security products.  Stainless steel tubing is the major 
raw material used in the manufacture of marine exhaust systems.  These raw materials are purchased from several 
suppliers  and  are  generally  readily  available  from  numerous  sources.    CompX  occasionally  enters  into  short-term 
raw  material  supply  arrangements  to  mitigate  the  impact  of  future  increases  in  commodity  raw  material  costs.  
Materials  purchased  outside  of  these  arrangements  are  sometimes  subject  to  unanticipated  and  sudden  price 
increases.  Should our vendors not be able to meet their contractual obligations or should we otherwise be unable to 
obtain necessary raw materials, we may incur higher costs for raw materials or may be required to reduce production 
levels, either of which may decrease our liquidity as we may be unable to offset the higher costs with increases in 
our selling prices or reductions in other operating costs.   

- 20 - 

 
For Kronos, the number of sources for and availability of certain raw materials is specific to the particular 
geographical region in which a facility is located.  For example, titanium-containing feedstocks suitable for use in its 
TiO2 facilities are available from a limited number of suppliers around the world.  Political and economic instability 
in  the  countries  from  which  Kronos  purchases  raw  material  supplies  could  adversely  affect  their  availability.    If 
Kronos’ worldwide vendors were unable to meet their contractual obligations and it was unable to obtain necessary 
raw  materials,  Kronos  could  incur  higher  costs  for  raw  materials  or  may  be  required  to  reduce  production  levels.  
Kronos experienced significantly higher ore costs in 2012 which carried over into 2013.  Although Kronos’ purchase 
cost  of  third-party  feedstock  ore  has  and  continues  to  moderate,  such  reductions  did  not  begin  to  be  significantly 
reflected in Kronos’ cost of sales until the third quarter of 2013.  Kronos may also experience higher operating costs 
such as energy costs, which could affect its profitability.  Kronos may not always be able to increase selling prices to 
offset the impact of any higher costs or reduced production levels, which could reduce its earnings and decrease its 
liquidity.   

Kronos  has  long-term  supply  contracts  that  provide  for  its  TiO2  feedstock  requirements  that  currently 
expire through 2016.  While Kronos believes it will be able to renew these contracts, there can be no assurance it 
will  be  successful  in  renewing  these  contracts  or  in  obtaining  long-term  extensions  to  these  contracts  prior  to 
expiration.  Kronos’ current agreements (including those entered into in January 2014) require Kronos to purchase 
certain  minimum  quantities  of  feedstock  with  minimum  purchase  commitments  aggregating  approximately  $820 
million  in  years  subsequent  to  December  31,  2013.    In  addition,  Kronos  has  other  long-term  supply  and  service 
contracts that provide for various raw materials and services.  These agreements require Kronos to purchase certain 
minimum  quantities  or  services with  minimum  purchase  commitments  aggregating  approximately  $123  million  at 
December 31,  2013.    Kronos’  commitments  under  these  contracts  could  adversely  affect  its  financial  results  if  it 
significantly reduced production and was unable to modify the contractual commitments.   

Demand for, and prices of, certain of Kronos’ products are influenced by changing market conditions for its 
products, which may result in reduced earnings or in operating losses.   

A significant portion of our net income is attributable to sales of TiO2 by Kronos.  Approximately 90% of 
Kronos’  revenues  are  attributable  to  sales  of  TiO2.    Pricing  within  the  global  TiO2  industry  over  the  long  term  is 
cyclical, and changes in economic conditions, especially in Western industrialized nations, can significantly impact 
Kronos’  earnings  and  operating  cash  flows.    Historically,  the  markets  for  many  of  Kronos’  products  have 
experienced  alternating  periods  of  increasing  and  decreasing  demand.    Relative  changes  in  the  selling  prices  for 
Kronos’  products  are  one  of  the  main  factors  that  affect  the  level  of  its  profitability.    In  periods  of  increasing 
demand,  Kronos’  selling  prices  and  profit  margins  generally  will  tend  to  increase,  while  in  periods  of  decreasing 
demand  Kronos’  selling  prices  and  profit  margins  generally  tend  to  decrease.    In  addition,  pricing  may  affect 
customer  inventory  levels  as  customers  may  from  time  to  time  accelerate  purchases  of  TiO2  in  advance  of 
anticipated price increases or defer purchases of TiO2 in advance of anticipated price decreases.  Kronos’ ability to 
further  increase  capacity  without  additional  investment  in  greenfield  or  brownfield  capacity  increases  may  be 
limited  and  as  a  result,  Kronos’  profitability  may  become  even  more  dependent  upon  the  selling  prices  of  its 
products.   

The  demand  for  TiO2  during  a  given  year  is  also  subject  to  annual  seasonal  fluctuations.    TiO2 sales  are 
generally higher in the second and third quarters of the year.  This is due in part to the increase in paint production in 
the spring to meet demand during the spring and summer painting season.   

- 21 - 

 
The TiO2 industry is concentrated and highly competitive and Kronos faces price pressures in the markets in 
which it operates, which may result in reduced earnings or in operating losses.   

The global market in which Kronos operates is concentrated, with the top six TiO2 producers accounting for 
60% of  the  world’s  production  capacity  and  is  highly  competitive.   Competition  is based on  a number  of  factors, 
such as price, product quality and service.  Some of Kronos’ competitors may be able to drive down prices for its 
products if their costs are lower than Kronos’ costs.  In addition, some of the competitors’ financial, technological 
and  other  resources  may  be  greater  than  Kronos’  resources  and  such  competitors  may  be  better  able  to  withstand 
changes  in  market  conditions.    Kronos’  competitors  may  be  able  to  respond  more  quickly  to  new  or  emerging 
technologies and changes in customer requirements.  Further, consolidation of competitors or customers may result 
in  reduced  demand  for  Kronos’  products  or  make  it  more  difficult  for  Kronos  to  compete  with  competitors.    The 
occurrence of any of these events could result in reduced earnings or operating losses.   

Kronos’ leverage may impair our financial condition or limit our ability to operate our businesses.   

As  of  December 31,  2013,  Kronos  had  consolidated  debt  of  approximately  $183.5  million,  which  relates 
primarily to a note payable to Contran entered into in 2013 (after giving effect to Kronos’ new term loan entered 
into  in  February  2014,  a  portion  of  the  proceeds  of  which  were  used  to  prepay  such  note  payable  to  Contran, 
Kronos’  consolidated  debt  would  have  been  approximately  $363.5  million).    Kronos’  level  of  debt  could  have 
important consequences to its stockholders (including us) and creditors, including:  

(cid:121)  making it more difficult for Kronos to satisfy its obligations with respect to its liabilities;  
(cid:121) 
(cid:121) 

increasing its vulnerability to adverse general economic and industry conditions;  
requiring that a portion of Kronos’ cash flows from operations be used for the payment of interest on 
its  debt,  which  reduces  its  ability  to  use  cash  flow  to  fund  working  capital,  capital  expenditures, 
dividends on its common stock, acquisitions or general corporate requirements;  
limiting its ability to obtain additional financing to fund future working capital, capital expenditures, 
dividends on its common stock, acquisitions or general corporate requirements;  
limiting its flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in Kronos’ business and the industry in 
which it operates and  

(cid:121) 

(cid:121) 

(cid:121)  placing it at a competitive disadvantage relative to other less leveraged competitors.   

In  addition  to  Kronos’  indebtedness,  at  December 31,  2013,  Kronos  is  party  to  various  lease  and  other 
agreements (including feedstock ore purchase contracts as previously described) pursuant to which, along with its 
indebtedness, Kronos is committed to pay approximately $472 million in 2014.  Such $472 million amount reflects 
the impact of a new term loan Kronos incurred in February 2014, and the application of the proceeds of such term 
loan.  Kronos’ ability to make payments on and refinance its debt, and to fund planned capital expenditures, depends 
on  Kronos’  future  ability  to  generate  cash  flow.    To  some  extent,  this  is  subject  to  general  economic,  financial, 
competitive,  legislative,  regulatory  and  other  factors  that  are  beyond  our  control.    In  addition,  Kronos’  ability  to 
borrow funds under its or its subsidiaries’ credit facilities in the future will in some instances depend in part on its 
ability to maintain specified financial ratios and satisfy certain financial covenants contained in the applicable credit 
agreement.   

Kronos’ business may not generate cash flows from operating activities sufficient to enable Kronos to pay 
its debts when they become due and to fund other liquidity needs.  As a result, Kronos may need to refinance all or a 
portion  of  its  debt  before  maturity.    Kronos  may  not  be  able  to  refinance  any  of  its  debt  in  a  timely  manner  on 
favorable terms, if at all in the current credit markets.  Any inability to generate sufficient cash flows or to refinance 
Kronos’ debt on favorable terms could have a material adverse effect on its financial condition.   

ITEM 1B. 

UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS  

None  

- 22 - 

 
ITEM 2. 

PROPERTIES  

Our  principal  executive  offices  are  located  in  an  office  building  located  at  5430  LBJ  Freeway,  Dallas, 
Texas,  75240-2697.    The  principal  properties  used  in  the  operations  of  our  subsidiaries  and  affiliates,  including 
certain  risks  and  uncertainties  related  thereto,  are  described  in  the  applicable  business  sections  of  Item 1  – 
“Business.” We believe that our facilities are generally adequate and suitable for our respective uses.   

ITEM 3. 

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS  

We are involved in various legal proceedings.  In addition to information that is included below, we have 
included certain of the information called for by this Item in Note 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements, and 
we are incorporating that information here by reference.   

Lead pigment litigation  

Our  former  operations  included  the  manufacture  of  lead  pigments  for  use  in  paint  and  lead-based  paint.  
We,  other  former  manufacturers  of  lead  pigments  for  use  in  paint  and  lead-based  paint  (together,  the  “former 
pigment  manufacturers”),  and  the  Lead  Industries  Association  (LIA),  which  discontinued  business  operations  in 
2002, have been  named  as  defendants  in  various  legal  proceedings  seeking damages  for personal  injury, property 
damage and governmental expenditures allegedly caused by the use of lead-based paints.  Certain of these actions 
have been filed by or on behalf of states, counties, cities or their public housing authorities and school districts, and 
certain  others  have  been  asserted  as  class  actions.    These  lawsuits  seek  recovery  under  a  variety  of  theories, 
including public and private nuisance, negligent product design, negligent failure to warn, strict liability, breach of 
warranty,  conspiracy/concert  of  action,  aiding  and  abetting,  enterprise  liability,  market  share  or  risk  contribution 
liability,  intentional  tort,  fraud  and  misrepresentation,  violations  of  state  consumer  protection  statutes,  supplier 
negligence and similar claims.   

The  plaintiffs  in  these  actions  generally  seek  to  impose  on  the  defendants  responsibility  for  lead  paint 
abatement and health concerns associated with the use of lead-based paints, including damages for personal injury, 
contribution  and/or  indemnification  for  medical  expenses,  medical  monitoring  expenses  and  costs  for  educational 
programs.  To the extent the plaintiffs seek compensatory or punitive damages in these actions, such damages are 
generally unspecified.  In some cases, the damages are unspecified pursuant to the requirements of applicable state 
law.    A  number  of  cases  are  inactive  or  have  been  dismissed  or  withdrawn.    Most  of  the  remaining  cases  are  in 
various pre-trial stages.  Some are on appeal following dismissal or summary judgment rulings or a trial verdict in 
favor of either the defendants or the plaintiffs.   

We  believe  that  these  actions  are  without  merit,  and  we  intend  to  continue  to  deny  all  allegations  of 
wrongdoing and liability and to defend against all actions vigorously.  We do not believe it is probable that we have 
incurred any liability with respect to all of the lead pigment litigation cases to which we are a party, and liability to 
us that may result, if any, in this regard cannot be reasonably estimated, because:  

(cid:121)  we  have  never  settled  any  of  the  market  share,  risk  contribution,  intentional  tort,  fraud,  nuisance, 
supplier negligence, breach of warranty, conspiracy, misrepresentation, aiding and abetting, enterprise 
liability, or statutory cases,  

(cid:121)  no final, non-appealable adverse verdicts have ever been entered against us, and  
(cid:121)  we have never ultimately been found liable with respect to any such litigation matters, including over 
100 cases over a twenty-year period for which we were previously a party and for which we have been 
dismissed without any finding of liability.   

Accordingly, we have not accrued any amounts for any of the pending lead pigment and lead-based paint 
litigation cases.  In addition, we have determined that liability to us which may result, if any, cannot be reasonably 
estimated because there is no prior history of a loss of this nature on which an estimate could be made and there is 
no substantive information available upon which an estimate could be based.   

- 23 - 

 
In April 2000, we were served with a complaint in County of Santa Clara v. Atlantic Richfield Company, et 
al.  (Superior  Court  of  the  State  of  California,  County  of  Santa  Clara,  Case  No.  1-00-CV-788657)  brought  by  a 
number  of  California  government  entities  against  the  former  pigment  manufacturers,  the  LIA  and  certain  paint 
manufacturers.  The County of Santa Clara sought to recover compensatory damages for funds the plaintiffs have 
expended or will in the future expend for medical treatment, educational expenses, abatement or other costs due to 
exposure to, or potential exposure to, lead paint, disgorgement of profit, and punitive damages.  In July 2003, the 
trial  judge  granted  defendants’  motion  to  dismiss  all  remaining  claims.    Plaintiffs  appealed  and  the  intermediate 
appellate  court  reinstated  public  nuisance,  negligence,  strict  liability,  and  fraud  claims  in  March  2006.    A  fourth 
amended  complaint  was  filed  in  March  2011  on  behalf  of  The  People  of  California  by  the  County  Attorneys  of 
Alameda, Ventura, Solano, San Mateo, Los Angeles and Santa Clara, and the City Attorneys of San Francisco, San 
Diego and Oakland.  That complaint alleged that the presence of lead paint created a public nuisance in each of the 
prosecuting attorney jurisdictions and seeks its abatement.  In July and August 2013, the case was tried.  In January 
2014, the Judge issued a judgment finding us, The Sherwin Williams Company and ConAgra jointly and severally 
liable  for  the  abatement  of  lead  paint  in  pre-1980  homes,  and  ordered  the  defendants  to  pay  an  aggregate  $1.15 
billion  to  the  State  of  California  to  fund  such  abatement.  NL  believes  that  this  judgment  is  inconsistent  with 
California  law  and  is  unsupported  by  the  evidence,  and  we  will  appeal  in  the  first  quarter  of  2014.      In  February 
2014, we filed a motion for a new trial.  

In June 2000, a complaint was filed in Illinois state court, Lewis, et al. v. Lead Industries Association, et al 
(Circuit Court of Cook County, Illinois, County Department, Chancery Division, Case No. 00CH09800.)  Plaintiffs 
seek to represent two classes, one consisting of minors between the ages of six months and six years who resided in 
housing in Illinois built before 1978, and another consisting of individuals between the ages of six and twenty years 
who lived in Illinois housing built before 1978 when they were between the ages of six months and six years and 
who had blood lead levels of 10 micrograms/deciliter or more.  The complaint seeks damages jointly and severally 
from  the  former  pigment  manufacturers  and  the  LIA  to  establish  a  medical  screening  fund  for  the  first  class  to 
determine blood lead levels, a medical monitoring fund for the second class to detect the onset of latent diseases and 
a fund for a public education campaign.  In April 2008, the trial court judge certified a class of children whose blood 
lead  levels were  screened  venously  between  August  1995  and February  2008  and  who  had  incurred  expenses 
associated with such screening.  In March 2012, the trial court judge decertified the class.  In June 2012, the trial 
court  judge  granted  plaintiffs  the  right  to  appeal  his  decertification  order,  and  in  August  2012  the  appellate  court 
granted  plaintiffs  permission  to  appeal.    In  March  2013,  the  appellate  court  agreed  with  the  trial  court’s  rationale 
regarding  legislative  requirements  to  screen  children’s  blood  lead  levels  and  remanded  the  case  for  further 
proceedings  in  the  trial  court.    In  July  2013,  plaintiffs  moved  to  vacate  the  decertification.    In  October  2013,  the 
judge denied plaintiffs’ motion to vacate the decertification of the class.  The next hearing is scheduled for March 
2014. 

Between January 2007 and May 2011, we were served with nine complaints filed in  the Circuit Court in 
Milwaukee County, Wisconsin or in the United District Court, Eastern District of Wisconsin.  The plaintiffs are 173 
minor  children  who  allege  injuries  purportedly  caused  by  lead  on  the  surfaces  of  the  homes  in  which  they 
resided.  Plaintiffs seek compensatory and punitive damages.  The defendants in these cases include us, American 
Cyanamid  Company,  Armstrong  Containers,  Inc.,  E.I.  Du  Pont  de  Nemours  &  Company,  Atlantic  Richfield 
Company and The Sherwin-Williams Company.  Property owners are also defendants in each of the cases.  Two of 
the  cases  remain  pending  in  State  Court  (Clark  and  Williams);  four  have  been  removed  to  Federal  court  (Burton, 
Owens,  B.  Stokes,  and  Gibson);  and  three were  filed  in Federal  Court (Sifuentes,  Allen  and  Valoe).   In November 
2010, Gibson was dismissed as to all defendants in a ruling holding that application of Wisconsin’s risk contribution 
doctrine deprived defendants of due process.  In December 2010, the plaintiff appealed to the U.S. 7th Circuit Court 
of Appeals.  In light of the Gibson ruling and appeal, all other cases were stayed pending action by the 7th Circuit. In 
July 2013, we notified the 7th Circuit in Gibson of the new 2013 Wisconsin statute making the Collins DES criteria 
for risk contribution apply to all cases asserting risk contribution.  No decision has yet been issued by the 7th Circuit 
Court.  In July 2013, we filed motions in Clark and Williams (both in State Court) to lift the stays and dismiss the 
cases based on the new 2013 Wisconsin statute. In July 2013, the plaintiff in Burton (in Federal Court) moved to 
amend his  complaint  to  add  a  request for declaratory  judgment  that  the  new Wisconsin  statute  is unconstitutional 
and NL responded asking for the stay to remain in place. In December 2013, Williams and Clark were consolidated 
for the sole purpose of ruling on the motions to dismiss.  Williams is stayed awaiting a decision in Clark. 

- 24 - 

 
In addition to the foregoing litigation, various legislation and administrative regulations have, from time to 
time,  been  proposed  that  seek  to  (a) impose  various  obligations  on  present  and  former  manufacturers  of  lead 
pigment and lead-based paint with respect to asserted health concerns associated with the use of such products and 
(b) effectively  overturn  court  decisions  in  which  we  and  other  pigment  manufacturers  have  been  successful.  
Examples of such proposed legislation include bills which would permit civil liability for damages on the basis of 
market share, rather than requiring plaintiffs to prove that the defendant’s product caused the alleged damage, and 
bills which would revive actions barred by the statute of limitations.  While no legislation or regulations have been 
enacted to date that are expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of 
operations or liquidity, the imposition of market share liability or other legislation could have such an effect.   

New cases may continue to be filed against us.  We cannot assure you that we will not incur liability in the 
future in respect of any of the pending or possible litigation in view of the inherent uncertainties involved in court 
and jury rulings.  In the future, if new information regarding such matters becomes available to us (such as a final, 
non-appealable adverse verdict against us or otherwise ultimately being found liable with respect to such matters), at 
that  time  we  would  consider  such  information  in  evaluating  any  remaining  cases  then-pending  against  us  as  to 
whether it might then have become probable we have incurred liability with respect to these matters, and whether 
such liability, if any, could have become reasonably estimable.  The resolution of any of these cases could result in 
the recognition of a loss contingency accrual that could have a material adverse impact on our net income for the 
interim or annual period during which such liability is recognized and a material adverse impact on our consolidated 
financial condition and liquidity.   

Environmental matters and litigation  

Our operations are governed by various environmental laws and regulations.  Certain of our businesses are 
and  have  been  engaged  in  the  handling,  manufacture  or  use  of  substances  or  compounds  that  may  be  considered 
toxic or hazardous within the meaning of applicable environmental laws and regulations.  As with other companies 
engaged  in  similar  businesses,  certain of our past  and  current operations  and products  have  the potential  to  cause 
environmental or other damage.  We have implemented and continue to implement various policies and programs in 
an  effort  to  minimize  these  risks.    Our  policy  is  to  maintain  compliance  with  applicable  environmental  laws  and 
regulations at all of our plants and to strive to improve environmental performance.  From time to time, we may be 
subject to environmental regulatory enforcement under U.S. and non-U.S. statutes, the resolution of which typically 
involves  the  establishment  of  compliance  programs.    It  is  possible  that  future  developments,  such  as  stricter 
requirements of environmental laws and enforcement policies, could adversely affect our production, handling, use, 
storage,  transportation,  sale or  disposal  of  such  substances.   We believe that  all  of  our facilities  are  in  substantial 
compliance with applicable environmental laws.   

Certain properties and facilities used in our former operations, including divested primary and secondary 
lead  smelters  and  former  mining  locations,  are  the  subject  of  civil  litigation,  administrative  proceedings  or 
investigations  arising  under  federal  and  state  environmental  laws  and  common  law.    Additionally,  in  connection 
with past operating practices, we are currently involved as a defendant, potentially responsible party (PRP) or both, 
pursuant  to  the  Comprehensive  Environmental  Response,  Compensation  and  Liability  Act,  as  amended  by  the 
Superfund  Amendments  and  Reauthorization  Act  (CERCLA),  and  similar  state  laws  in  various  governmental  and 
private actions associated with waste disposal sites, mining locations, and facilities that we or our predecessors, our 
subsidiaries  or  their  predecessors  currently  or  previously  owned,  operated  or  used,  certain  of  which  are  on  the 
United  States  Environmental  Protection  Agency’s  (EPA)  Superfund  National  Priorities  List  or  similar  state  lists.  
These proceedings seek cleanup costs, damages for personal injury or property damage and/or damages for injury to 
natural resources.  Certain of these proceedings involve claims for substantial amounts.  Although we may be jointly 
and severally liable for these costs, in most cases we are only one of a number of PRPs who may also be jointly and 
severally liable, and among whom costs may be shared or allocated.  In addition, we are also a party to a number of 
personal injury lawsuits filed in various jurisdictions alleging claims related to environmental conditions alleged to 
have resulted from our operations.   

Obligations  associated  with  environmental  remediation  and  related  matters  are  difficult  to  assess  and 

estimate for numerous reasons including the:  

(cid:121) 

complexity and differing interpretations of governmental regulations,  

- 25 - 

 
(cid:121)  number of PRPs and their ability or willingness to fund such allocation of costs,  
financial capabilities of the PRPs and the allocation of costs among them,  
(cid:121) 
solvency of other PRPs,  
(cid:121) 
(cid:121)  multiplicity of possible solutions,  
(cid:121)  number of years of investigatory, remedial and monitoring activity required,  
(cid:121)  uncertainty  over  the  extent,  if  any,  to  which  our  former  operations  might  have  contributed  to  the 
conditions allegedly giving rise to such personal injury, property damage, natural resource and related 
claims and  

(cid:121)  number  of  years  between  former  operations  and  notice  of  claims  and  lack  of  information  and 

documents about the former operations.   

In  addition,  the  imposition  of  more  stringent  standards  or  requirements  under  environmental  laws  or 
regulations,  new  developments  or  changes  regarding  site  cleanup  costs  or  the  allocation  of  costs  among  PRPs, 
solvency  of  other  PRPs,  the  results  of  future  testing  and  analysis  undertaken  with  respect  to  certain  sites  or  a 
determination that we are potentially responsible for the release of hazardous substances at other sites, could cause 
our expenditures to exceed our current estimates.  We cannot assure you that actual costs will not exceed accrued 
amounts or the upper end of the range for sites for which estimates have been made, and we cannot assure you that 
costs will not be incurred for sites where no estimates presently can be made.  Further, additional environmental and 
related matters may arise in the future.  If we were to incur any future liability, this could have a material adverse 
effect on our consolidated financial statements, results of operations and liquidity.   

We  record  liabilities  related  to  environmental  remediation  and  related  matters  when  estimated  future 
expenditures  are  probable  and  reasonably  estimable.    We  adjust  such  accruals  as  further  information  becomes 
available to us or as circumstances change.  Unless the amounts and timing of such estimated future expenditures are 
fixed and reasonably determinable, we generally do not discount estimated future expenditures to their present value 
due to the uncertainty of the timing of the pay out.  We recognize recoveries of costs from other parties, if any, as 
assets  when  their  receipt  is  deemed  probable.    At  December 31,  2012  and  2013,  we  have  not  recognized  any 
receivables for recoveries.   

We  do  not  know  and  cannot  estimate  the  exact  time  frame  over  which  we  will  make  payments  for  our 
accrued environmental and related costs.  The timing of payments depends upon a number of factors, including but 
not limited to the timing of the actual remediation process; which in turn depends on factors outside of our control.  
At each balance sheet date, we estimate the amount of our accrued environmental and related costs which we expect 
to pay within the next twelve months, and we classify this estimate as a current liability.  We classify the remaining 
accrued environmental costs as a noncurrent liability.   

On  a  quarterly  basis,  we  evaluate  the  potential  range  of  our  liability  for  environmental  remediation  and 
related costs at sites where we have been named as a PRP or defendant, including sites for which our wholly-owned 
environmental  management  subsidiary,  NL  Environmental  Management  Services,  Inc.,  (EMS),  has  contractually 
assumed  our  obligations.    At  December 31,  2013,  we  had  accrued  approximately  $114  million  related  to 
approximately 45 sites associated with remediation and related matters that we believe are at the present time and/or 
in  their  current  phase  reasonably  estimable.    The  upper  end  of  the  range  of  reasonably  possible  costs  to  us  for 
remediation and related matters for which we believe it is possible to estimate costs is approximately $154 million, 
including the amount currently accrued.  Other than as indicated above, these accruals have not been discounted to 
present value.   

- 26 - 

 
We believe that it is not possible to estimate the range of costs for certain sites.  At December 31, 2013, 
there were approximately 5 sites for which we are not currently able to estimate a range of costs.  For these sites, 
generally the investigation is in the early stages, and we are unable to determine whether or not we actually had any 
association with the site, the nature of our responsibility, if any, for the contamination at the site and the extent of 
contamination  at  and  cost  to  remediate  the  site.    The  timing  and  availability  of  information  on  these  sites  is 
dependent on events outside of our control, such as when the party alleging liability provides information to us.  At 
certain  of  these  previously  inactive  sites,  we  have  received  general  and  special  notices  of  liability  from  the  EPA 
and/or state agencies alleging that we, sometimes with other PRPs, are liable for past and future costs of remediating 
environmental contamination allegedly caused by former operations.  These notifications may assert that we, along 
with  any  other  alleged  PRPs,  are  liable  for  past  and/or  future  clean-up  costs.    As  further  information  becomes 
available to us for any of these sites which would allow us to estimate a range of costs, we would at that time adjust 
our accruals.  Any such adjustment could result in the recognition of an accrual that would have a material effect on 
our consolidated financial statements, results of operations and liquidity.   

In June 2006, we and several other PRPs received a Unilateral Administrative Order (UAO) from the EPA 
regarding a formerly-owned mine and milling facility located in Park Hills, Missouri.  The Doe Run Company is the 
current owner of the site, which was purchased by a predecessor of Doe Run from us in approximately 1936.  Doe 
Run is also named in the Order.  In April 2008, the parties signed a definitive cost sharing agreement for sharing of 
the costs anticipated in connection with the order and in May 2008, the parties began work at the site as required by 
the UAO and in accordance with the cost sharing agreement.  In the fourth quarter of 2010, NL reached its capped 
payment  obligation  under  the  cost  sharing  agreement  with  Doe  Run.    In  the  fourth  quarter  of  2013,  Doe  Run 
completed the remainder of the construction work. A Removal Action Report and Post-Removal Site Control plan 
will be submitted to the EPA in the first half of 2014. 

In  June  2008,  we  received  a  Directive  and  Notice  to  Insurers  from  the  New  Jersey  Department  of 
Environmental  Protection  (NJDEP)  regarding  the  Margaret’s  Creek  site  in  Old  Bridge  Township,  New  Jersey.  
NJDEP alleged that a waste hauler transported waste from one of our former facilities for disposal at the site in the 
early 1970s.  NJDEP referred the site to the EPA, and in November 2009, the EPA added the site to the National 
Priorities List under the name “Raritan Bay Slag Site.”  In 2012, EPA notified NL of its potential liability at this site.   
In  May  2013,  EPA  issued  its  Record  of  Decision  for  the  site.    In  June  2013,  NL  filed  a  contribution  suit  under 
CERCLA  and  the  New  Jersey  Spill  Act  titled  NL  Industries,  Inc.  v.  Old  Bridge  Township,  et  al.  (United  States 
District Court for the District of New Jersey, Civil Action No. 3:13-cv-03493-MAS-TJB) against the current owner, 
Old Bridge Township, and several federal and state entities NL alleges designed and operated the site and who have 
significant potential liability as compared to NL which is alleged to have been a potential source of material placed 
at the site by others.  NL’s suit also names certain former NL customers of the former NL facility alleged to be the 
source of some of the materials.  In January 2014, EPA issued a UAO to NL for clean-up of the site based on the 
EPA’s preferred remedy set forth in the Record of Decision.   NL is in discussions with EPA about NL’s performance 
of a defined amount of the work at the site and is otherwise taking actions necessary to respond to the UAO.  If these 
discussions  and  actions  are  unsuccessful,  NL  will  defend  vigorously  against  all  claims  while  continuing  to  seek 
contribution from other PRPs.   

In September 2008, we received a Special Notice letter from the EPA for liability associated with the Tar 
Creek Superfund site in Ottawa County (Tar Creek) and a demand for related past and future costs.  We responded 
with  a  good-faith  offer  to  pay  certain  of  the  past  costs  and  to  complete  limited  work  in  the  areas  in  which  we 
operated.  We are involved in an ongoing dialogue with the EPA regarding a potential settlement.  In October 2008, 
we  received  a  claim  from  the  State  of  Oklahoma  for  past,  future  and  relocation  costs  in  connection  with  the  site.  
The state continues to monitor for a potential settlement between the EPA and us and may subsequently attempt to 
pursue a separate settlement with us.   

- 27 - 

 
In  June  2009,  we  were  served  with  a  complaint  in  Consolidation  Coal  Company  v.  3M  Company,  et  al. 
(United  States  District  Court,  Eastern  District  of  North  Carolina,  Civil  Action  No.    5:09-CV-00191-FL).    The 
complaint  seeks  to  recover  against  NL  and  roughly  170  other  defendants  under  CERCLA  for  past  and  future 
response  costs.    The  plaintiffs  allege  that  NL’s  former  Albany  operation  allegedly  sent  three  PCB-containing 
transformers  to  the  Ward  Transformer  Superfund  Site.    In  December  2012,  NL  received  a  notice  of  potential 
responsibility for past costs from the EPA.  We have denied liability and will defend vigorously against all claims.   

In August 2009, we were served with a complaint in Raritan Baykeeper, Inc.  d/b/a NY/NJ Baykeeper et al. 
v.  NL Industries, Inc.  et al.  (United States District Court, District of New Jersey, Case No.  3:09-cv-04117).  This 
is a citizen’s suit filed by two local environmental groups pursuant to the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act 
and  the  Clean  Water  Act  against  NL,  current  owners,  developers  and  state  and  local  government  entities.    The 
complaint alleges that hazardous substances were and continue to be discharged from our former Sayreville, New 
Jersey  property  into  the  sediments  of  the  adjacent  Raritan  River.    The  former  Sayreville  site  is  currently  being 
remediated  by  owner/developer  parties  under  the  oversight  of  the  NJDEP.    The  plaintiffs  seek  a  declaratory 
judgment, injunctive relief, imposition of civil penalties and an award of costs.  We have denied liability and will 
defend vigorously against all claims 

In June 2011, we were served in ASARCO LLC v.  NL Industries, Inc., et al.  (United States District Court, 
Western  District  of  Missouri,  Case  No.    4:11-cv-00138-DGK).    The  plaintiff  brought  this  CERCLA  contribution 
action against several defendants to recover a portion of the amount it paid in settlement with the U.S.  Government 
during its Chapter 11 bankruptcy in relation to the Tar Creek site, the Cherokee County Superfund Site in southeast 
Kansas,  the  Oronogo-Duenweg  Lead  Mining  Belt  Superfund  Site  in  Jasper  County,  Missouri  and  the  Newton 
County Mine Tailing Site in Newton County, Missouri.  We have denied liability and will defend vigorously against 
all of the claims.  In the second quarter of 2012, NL filed a motion to stay the case.  In the first quarter of 2013, 
NL’s motion was granted and the court entered an indefinite stay. 

In September 2011, we were served in ASARCO LLC v.  NL Industries, Inc., et al.  (United States District 
Court,  Eastern  District  of  Missouri,  Case  No.    4:11-cv-00864).    The  plaintiff  brought  this  CERCLA  contribution 
action against several defendants to recover a portion of the amount it paid in settlement with the U.S. Government 
during its Chapter 11 bankruptcy in relation to the Southeast Missouri Mining District.  We have denied liability and 
will defend vigorously against all of the claims.   

In July 2012, we were served in EPEC Polymers, Inc., v.  NL Industries, Inc., (United States District Court 
for the District of New Jersey, Case 3:12-cv-03842-PGS-TJB).  The plaintiff, a landowner of property located across 
the  Raritan  River  from  our  former  Sayreville,  New  Jersey  operation,  claims  that  contaminants  from  NL’s  former 
Sayreville operation came to be located on its land.  The complaint seeks compensatory and punitive damages and 
alleges, among other things, trespass, private nuisance, negligence, strict liability, and claims under CERCLA and 
the New Jersey Spill Act.  We have denied liability and will defend vigorously against all of the claims.   

In  March  2013,  NL  received  Special  Notice  from  EPA  for  Operable  Unit  1,  residential  area,  at  the  Big 
River Mine Tailings Superfund Site in St. Francois County, Missouri.  The site encompasses approximately eight 
former  mine  and  mill  areas,  only  one  of  which  is  associated  with  former  NL  operations,  as  well  as  adjacent 
residential areas.  NL initiated a dialog with EPA regarding a potential settlement for this operable unit. 

In September 2013, EPA issued to NL and 34 other PRPs general notice of potential liability and a demand 
for  payment  of  past  costs  and  performance  of  a  Remedial  Design  for  the  Gowanus  Canal  Superfund  Site  in 
Brooklyn, New York.  We intend to deny liability and will defend vigorously against all of the claims. 

Other litigation  

In  addition  to  the  matters  described  above,  we  and  our  affiliates  are  also  involved  in  various  other 
environmental,  contractual,  product  liability,  patent  (or  intellectual  property),  employment  and  other  claims  and 
disputes incidental to present and former businesses.  In certain cases, we have insurance coverage for these items, 
although we do not expect additional material insurance coverage for environmental claims.   

- 28 - 

 
We currently believe that the disposition of all claims and disputes, individually or in the aggregate, should 
not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity beyond 
the accruals already provided.   

Insurance coverage claims  

We are involved in certain legal proceedings with a number of our former insurance carriers regarding the 
nature and extent of the carriers’ obligations to us under insurance policies with respect to certain lead pigment and 
asbestos lawsuits.  The issue of whether insurance coverage for defense costs or indemnity or both will be found to 
exist for our lead pigment and asbestos litigation depends upon a variety of factors and we cannot assure you that 
such  insurance  coverage  will  be  available.    In  addition  to  information  that  is  included  below,  we  have  included 
certain of the information called for by this Item in Note 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements, and we are 
incorporating that information here by reference.   

We have agreements with four former insurance carriers pursuant to which the carriers reimburse us for a 
portion of our future lead pigment litigation defense costs, and one such carrier reimburses us for a portion of our 
future asbestos litigation defense costs.  We are not able to determine how  much we will ultimately recover from 
these  carriers  for  defense  costs  incurred  by  us  because  of  certain  issues  that  arise  regarding  which  defense  costs 
qualify for reimbursement.  While we continue to seek additional insurance recoveries, we do not know if we will be 
successful in obtaining reimbursement for either defense costs or indemnity.  Accordingly, we recognize insurance 
recoveries  in  income  only  when  receipt  of  the  recovery  is  probable  and  we  are  able  to  reasonably  estimate  the 
amount of the recovery.  See Note 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.   

We have settled insurance coverage claims concerning environmental claims with certain of our principal 

former carriers.  We do not expect further material settlements relating to environmental remediation coverage.   

ITEM 4. 

MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES  

Not applicable  

- 29 - 

 
 
PART II  

ITEM 5. 

MARKET  FOR  REGISTRANT’S  COMMON  EQUITY  AND  RELATED  STOCKHOLDER 
MATTERS  

Our common stock is listed and traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE: NL).  As of February 28, 
2014, there were approximately 2,686 holders of record of our common stock.  The following table sets forth the 
high and low closing per share sales prices for our common stock for the periods indicated, according to Bloomberg, 
and  cash  dividends  paid  during  such  periods.    On  February 28,  2014  the  closing  price  of  our  common  stock  was 
$11.23.   

Year ended December 31, 2012 

First Quarter 
Second Quarter 
Third Quarter 
Fourth Quarter 

Year ended December 31, 2013 

First Quarter 
Second Quarter 
Third Quarter 
Fourth Quarter 

January 1, 2014 through February 28, 2014 

High  

Low  

$

$

15.81    $
15.00     
12.58     
11.76     

13.52    $
12.64     
11.89     
11.74     
11.76     

13.04       
11.87       
11.40       
10.09       

12.16       
10.40       
10.57       
10.10       
10.19       

Cash 
dividends
paid 

.125 
.125 
.125 
.125 

.125 
.125 
.125 
.125 
- 

In February 2014, our Board of Directors deferred consideration of a first quarter 2014 cash dividend.  The 
declaration  and  payment  of  future  dividends,  and  the  amount  thereof,  is  discretionary  and  is  dependent  upon  our 
results of operations, financial condition, cash requirements for businesses, contractual restrictions and other factors 
deemed relevant by our Board of Directors.  The amount and timing of past dividends is not necessarily indicative of 
the amount or timing of any future dividends which might be paid.  There are currently no contractual restrictions on 
the amount of dividends which we may pay.   

- 30 - 

 
  
  
 
 
 
  
    
        
        
 
 
 
 
    
        
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
Performance graph  

Set forth below is a table and line graph comparing the yearly change in our cumulative total stockholder 
return on our common stock against the cumulative total return of the S&P 500 Composite Stock Price Index and the 
S&P 500 Industrial Conglomerates Index for the period from December 31, 2008 through December 31, 2013.  The 
graph shows the value at December 31 of each year assuming an original investment of $100 at December 31, 2008 
and the reinvestment of dividends.   

NL common stock 
S&P 500 Composite Stock Price Index 
S&P 500 Industrial Conglomerates  

Index 

$ 

100    $
100     

55    $
126     

94    $
146     

113     $ 
149       

104     $
172      

100     

110     

131     

132       

158      

106
228

222

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012 

2013

The  information  contained  in  the  performance  graph shall  not  be  deemed  “soliciting  material”  or  “filed” 
with  the  SEC,  or  subject  to  the  liabilities  of  Section 18  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act,  except  to  the  extent  we 
specifically  request  that  the  material  be  treated  as  soliciting  material  or  specifically  incorporate  this  performance 
graph by reference into a document filed under the Securities Act or the Securities Exchange Act.   

Equity compensation plan information  

We  have  an  equity  compensation  plan,  which  was  approved  by  our  shareholders,  pursuant  to  which  an 
aggregate  of  200,000  shares  of  our  common  stock  can  be  awarded  to  members  of  our  board  of  directors.    At 
December 31,  2013,  195,000  shares  are  available  for  award  under  this  plan.    See  Note  13  to  our  Consolidated 
Financial Statements.   

- 31 - 

 
  
  
 
  
  
 
 
ITEM 6. 

SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA  

The  following  selected  financial  data  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  our  Consolidated  Financial 
Statements  and  Item 7 -  “Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of 
Operations.”  

STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS DATA:

Net sales 
Income from component products  

operations 

Equity in earnings (losses) of Kronos 
Net income (loss) 
Net income (loss) attributable to NL 

stockholders: 

Continuing operations 
Discontinued operations(1) 
Net income (loss) attributable to NL 

stockholders 

DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE DATA:
Net income (loss) attributable to NL 

stockholders: 

Continuing operations 
Discontinued operations(1) 

Cash dividends per share 
Weighted average common shares  
outstanding 

BALANCE SHEET DATA (at year end):

Total assets 
Long-term debt, including current 

maturities 

NL stockholders’ equity 
Total equity 

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOW DATA:
Net cash provided by (used in): 
Operating activities 
Investing activities 
Financing activities 

2009

Years ended December 31, 
2011
2010
(In millions, except per share data) 

2012 

2013

67.9    $

76.1    $

79.8     $

83.2     $

92.0  

.7    $
(12.5)   $
(12.0)   $

5.9    $
45.6    $
70.8    $

6.4     $
97.6     $
82.7     $

5.4     $
66.4     $
79.1     $

9.3  
(31.0)
(54.5)

(13.2)   $
1.4     

70.9    $
(.5)    

78.1     $
3.6       

56.7     $
17.8      

(55.3)
-  

(11.8)   $

70.4    $

81.7     $

74.5     $

(55.3)

(.21)   $
(.03)    
(.24)   $
.50    $

1.41    $
(.01)    
1.40    $
.50    $

1.61     $
.07       
1.68     $
.50     $

1.16     $
.37      
1.53     $
.50     $

(1.14)
-  
(1.14)
.50  

$

$
$
$

$

$

$

$
$

48,609     

48,627     

48,658        48,667      

48,672  

$

403.0    $

553.7    $

761.2     $

680.8     $

685.8  

42.2     
174.6     
185.7     

74.5     
252.9     
263.9     

37.3       
415.0       
426.0       

18.5      
374.8      
388.1      

-  
355.4  
369.0  

$

1.4    $
32.4     
(25.9)    

5.4    $
2.8     
(17.8)    

48.2     $
9.8       
(61.5)     

18.0     $
92.2      
(44.1)     

14.9  
3.0  
(43.3)

(1) 

See Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.   

- 32 - 

 
  
  
  
 
 
  
    
        
        
        
        
 
    
        
        
        
        
 
 
    
        
        
        
        
 
    
        
        
        
        
 
 
 
 
    
        
        
        
        
 
 
 
 
    
        
        
        
        
 
    
        
        
        
        
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS  
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS  

Business overview  

We  are  primarily  a  holding  company.    We  operate  in  the  component  products  industry  through  our 
majority-owned subsidiary, CompX International Inc.  We also own a noncontrolling interest in Kronos Worldwide, 
Inc.  Both CompX (NYSE MKT: CIX) and Kronos (NYSE: KRO) file periodic reports with the SEC.   

CompX  is  a  leading  manufacturer  of  engineered  components  utilized  in  a  variety  of  applications  and 
industries.  Through its Security Products operations, CompX manufactures mechanical and electronic cabinet locks 
and other locking mechanisms used in recreational transportation, postal, office and institutional furniture, cabinetry, 
tool  storage  and  healthcare  applications.    CompX  also  manufactures  stainless  steel  exhaust  systems,  gauges  and 
throttle  controls  for  the  recreational  marine  and  other  industries  through  its  Marine  Components  operations.    In 
December 2012, CompX completed the sale of its Furniture Components business.  See Note 2 to our Condensed 
Consolidated  Financial  Statements.    Unless  otherwise  noted,  the  discussion  of  our  results  of  operations  in 
Management’s Discussion and Analysis is focused on our continuing operations. 

We  account  for  our  30%  non-controlling  interest  in  Kronos  by  the  equity  method.    Kronos  is  a  leading 
global producer and marketer of value-added titanium dioxide pigments.  TiO2 is used for a variety of manufacturing 
applications including coatings, plastics, paper and other industrial products.   

Income from continuing operations overview  

Our  net  loss  from  continuing  operations  attributable  to  NL  stockholders  was  $55.3  million,  or  $1.14  per 
share, in 2013 compared to net income from continuing operations attributable to NL stockholders of $56.7 million, 
or $1.16 per share in 2012 and $78.1 million, or $1.61 per share in 2011.  

As more fully discussed below, the decrease in our earnings per share attributable to continuing operations 

from 2012 to 2013 is primarily due to the net effect of:  

(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 

equity in losses from Kronos in 2013 compared to equity in earnings from Kronos in 2012,  
higher environmental remediation and related costs in 2013 of $54.4 million, 
a pre-tax gain on the sale of the shares of the Titanium Metals Corporation (TIMET) common stock we 
owned in 2012 of $16.6 million, 
a real-estate litigation settlement gain of $15.0 million recognized in 2012 related to the settlement of 
condemnation proceedings on real property we formerly owned, 
higher income from operations from components products in 2013 of $3.9 million, and 
higher litigation and related costs in 2013 of $2.7 million. 

As more fully discussed below, the decrease in our earnings per share attributable to continuing operations 

from 2011 to 2012 is primarily due to the net effects of:  

(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 

lower equity in earnings of Kronos in 2012 due to Kronos’ lower income from operations,  
a  pre-tax  gain  on  the  sale  of  the  shares  of  the  TIMET  common  stock  we  owned  in  2012  of  $16.6 
million, 
a real-estate litigation settlement gain of $15.0 million recognized in 2012 related to the settlement of 
condemnation proceedings on real property we formerly owned, 
lower insurance recoveries in 2012 of $13.6 million due to an insurance recovery settlement in 2011 
for certain past defense costs, 
goodwill impairment related to our acquisition of EWI of $6.4 million in 2012, 
higher environmental remediation and related costs in 2012 of $3.2 million, and 
lower income from operations from components products in 2012 of $1.0 million. 

- 33 - 

 
Our 2013 net loss from continuing operations attributable to NL stockholders includes: 

(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

income of $.13 per share, net of income taxes, related to insurance recoveries we recognized,  
an  aggregate  charge  of  $.09  per  share  included  in  our  equity  in  Kronos  related  to  unabsorbed  fixed 
production and other costs as a result of Kronos’ Canadian plant lockout, and costs associated with the 
terms of a new collective bargaining agreement reached with its Canadian workforce, 
a charge of $.09 per share included in our equity in Kronos related to Kronos’ third quarter litigation 
settlement charge, and 
an aggregate charge of $.02 per share included in our equity in Kronos related to Kronos’ voluntary 
prepayments of $390 million of its term loan consisting of the write-off of original issue discount costs 
and deferred financing costs associated with such prepayments. 

Our 2012 income from continuing operations attributable to NL stockholders includes the following:  

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 

a  charge  of  $.02  per  share  included  in  our  equity  in  Kronos  related  to  Kronos’  charge  for  the  early 
extinguishment  of  its  remaining  6.5%  Senior  Notes  due  2013  consisting  of  a  call  premium,  interest 
from  the  indenture  discharge  date  to  the  redemption  date  and  the  write-off  of  unamortized  deferred 
financing costs and original issue discount associated with the redeemed Senior Notes,  
a charge of $.13 per share related to the goodwill impairment,  
income of $.04 per share related to certain insurance recoveries we recognized,  
income of $.22 per share related to the gain on the sale of our TIMET shares in 2012,  
income of $.20 per share related to the real-estate litigation settlement gain,  
income of $.04 per share related to the sale of certain real property owned by us, and  
a charge for the write-down of assets held for sale of $.02 per share.   

Our 2011 income from continuing operations attributable to NL stockholders includes the following:  

(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

income of $.23 per share related to certain insurance recoveries we recognized,  
a charge of $.01 per share included in our equity in Kronos in 2011 consisting of a call premium and 
the  write-off  of  unamortized  deferred  financing  costs  and  original  issue  discount  associated  with 
Kronos’ redemption of Senior Notes,  
a  charge  of  $.07  included  in  our  equity  in  Kronos  in  2011  related  to  Kronos’  provision  for  U.S. 
incremental income taxes on earnings repatriated from its German subsidiary of $17.2 million which 
earnings were used to fund a portion of the repurchases of Kronos’ Senior Secured Notes, and  
a charge for the write-down of assets held for sale of $.02 per share.  

Outlook for 2014  

We currently expect our income from continuing operations attributable to NL stockholders in 2014 to be 
higher  than  in  2013  primarily  due  to  higher  expected  equity  in  earnings  from  Kronos  and  lower  expected 
environmental and related costs. 

- 34 - 

 
Critical accounting policies and estimates  

The  accompanying  “Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of 
Operations”  is  based  upon  our  Consolidated  Financial  Statements,  which  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with 
accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of  America  (GAAP).    The  preparation  of  these 
financial  statements  requires  us  to  make  estimates  and  judgments  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and 
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported 
amount  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the  reported  period.    On  an  ongoing  basis,  we  evaluate  our  estimates, 
including those related to the recoverability of long-lived assets, pension and other postretirement benefit obligations 
and the underlying actuarial assumptions related thereto, the realization of deferred income tax assets and accruals 
for litigation, income tax and other contingencies.  We base our estimates on historical experience and on various 
other  assumptions  we  believe  to  be  reasonable  under  the  circumstances,  the  results  of  which  form  the  basis  for 
making judgments about the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses.  Actual results may differ 
significantly from previously-estimated amounts under different assumptions or conditions.  

The following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in the 

preparation of our Consolidated Financial Statements:  

(cid:121) 

Investments - We own investments in Valhi, Inc. that we account for as marketable securities carried at 
fair value or that we account for under the equity method.  For these investments, we evaluate the fair 
value  at  each  balance  sheet  date.    We  use  quoted  market  prices,  Level  1  inputs  as  defined  in 
Accounting  Standards  Codification  (ASC)  820-10-35, Fair  Value  Measurements  and  Disclosures,  to 
determine  fair  value  for  certain  of  our  marketable  debt  securities  and  publicly  traded  investees.    We 
record an impairment charge when we believe an investment has experienced an other-than-temporary 
decline  in  fair  value  below  its  cost  basis  (for  marketable  securities)  or  below  its  carrying  value  (for 
equity method investees).  Further adverse changes in market conditions or poor operating results of 
underlying  investments  could  result  in  losses  or  our  inability  to  recover  the  carrying  value  of  the 
investments  that  may  not  be  reflected  in  an  investment’s  current  carrying  value,  thereby  possibly 
requiring us to recognize an impairment charge in the future.  

    At December 31, 2013, the carrying value (which equals fair value) of all of our marketable securities 
equaled or exceeded the cost basis of such investments.  At December 31, 2013, the $19.05 per share 
quoted market price of our investment in Kronos (our only equity method investee) exceeded its per 
share net carrying value by over 236%.  

(cid:120)  Long-lived  assets  -  We  assess  property  and  equipment  for  impairment  only  when  circumstances  (as 
specified in ASC 360-10-35, Property, Plant, and Equipment) indicate an impairment may exist.  Our 
determination is based upon, among other things, our estimates of the amount of future net cash flows 
to be generated by the long-lived asset (Level 3 inputs) and our estimates of the current fair value of 
the  asset.    Considerable  management  judgment  is  necessary  to  evaluate  the  impact  of  operating 
changes and to estimate future cash flows.  Assumptions used in our impairment evaluations, such as 
forecasted  growth  rates  and  our  cost  of  capital,  are  consistent  with  our  internal  projections  and 
operating plans. 

    As  a  result  of  continued  losses  in  CompX’s  Marine  Components  reporting  unit,  we  evaluated  the 
recoverability  of  the  Marine  Components  long-lived  assets  during  the  third  quarter  of  2013.    We 
determined  that  the  undiscounted  cash  flows  exceed  the  current  net  asset  value  and  therefore  the 
Marine  Components  long-lived  assets  are  not  impaired.    However,  if  our  future  cash  flows  from 
operations  less  capital  expenditures  were  to  drop  significantly  below  our  current  expectations 
(approximately  85%  below  our  expectations  for  each  of  the  Custom  Marine  and  Livorsi  Marine 
reporting units), it is reasonably likely we would conclude an impairment was present.  At December 
31, 2013, the net asset carrying values of Custom Marine and Livorsi Marine were $3.4 million and 
$2.8  million,  respectively.    No  other  long-lived  assets  in  our  other  reporting  unit  were  tested  for 
impairment during 2013 because there were no circumstances indicating an impairment might exist. 

- 35 - 

 
(cid:120)  Goodwill  -  Our  net  goodwill  totaled  $27.2  million  at  December 31,  2013.    We  perform  a  goodwill 
impairment test annually in the third quarter of each year.  Goodwill is also evaluated for impairment 
at  other  times  whenever  an  event  occurs  or  circumstances  change  that  would  more  likely  than  not 
reduce  the  fair  value  of  a  reporting  unit  below  its  carrying  value.    All  of  our  net  goodwill  at 
December 31,  2013  is  related  to  CompX.    In  September  2011,  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards 
Board  issued  ASU  No.  2011-08,  which  provided  new  guidance  on  testing  goodwill  for  impairment.  
The  new  guidance  allows  an  entity  to  first  assess  qualitative  factors  to  determine  whether  it  is 
necessary  to  perform  the  two-step  quantitative  goodwill  impairment  test.    An  entity  is  no  longer 
required  to  calculate  the  fair  value  of  a  reporting  unit  unless  the  entity  determines,  based  on  a 
qualitative  assessment  considering  the  totality  of  relevant  events  and  circumstances,  that  it  is  more 
likely than not that its fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.  We adopted this 
accounting standard in the third quarter of 2013. 

(cid:120)  Benefit  plans  -  We  maintain  various  defined  benefit  pension  plans  and  postretirement  benefits  other 
than pensions (OPEB).  The amounts recognized as defined benefit pension and OPEB expenses and 
the reported amounts of pension asset and accrued pension and OPEB costs are actuarially determined 
based  on  several  assumptions,  including  discount  rates,  expected  rates  of  returns  on  plan  assets  and 
expected health care trend rates.  Variances from these actuarially assumed rates will result in increases 
or  decreases,  as  applicable,  in  the  recognized  pension  and  OPEB  obligations,  pension  and  OPEB 
expenses  and  funding  requirements.    These  assumptions  are  more  fully  described  below  under  the 
heading “Assumptions on defined benefit pension plans and OPEB plans.”  

(cid:120) 

Income  taxes  -  We  recognize  deferred  taxes  for  future  tax  effects  of  temporary  differences  between 
financial  and  income  tax  reporting.    While  we  have  considered  future  taxable  income  and  ongoing 
prudent  and  feasible  tax  planning  strategies  in  assessing  the  need  for  a  valuation  allowance,  it  is 
possible that in the future we may change our estimate of the amount of the deferred income tax assets 
that  would  more-likely-than-not  be  realized  in  the  future  resulting  in  an  adjustment  to  the  deferred 
income tax asset valuation allowance that would either increase or decrease, as applicable, reported net 
income in the period the change in estimate was made.  

    We record a reserve for uncertain tax positions in accordance with the provisions of ASC Topic 740, 
Income  Taxes,  for  tax  positions  where  we  believe  it  is  more-likely-than-not  our  position  will  not 
prevail with the applicable tax authorities.  It is possible that we may change our assessment regarding 
the probability that our tax positions will prevail that would require an adjustment to the amount of our 
reserve  for  uncertain  tax  positions  that  could  either  increase  or  decrease,  as  applicable,  reported  net 
income in the period the change in assessment was made.  See Note 14 to our Consolidated Financial 
Statements.  

(cid:120)  Contingencies - We record accruals for environmental, legal and other contingencies and commitments 
when  estimated  future  expenditures  associated  with  such  contingencies  become  probable,  and  the 
amounts  can  be  reasonably  estimated.    However,  new  information  may  become  available,  or 
circumstances (such as applicable laws and regulations) may change, thereby resulting in an increase 
or decrease in the amount required to be accrued for such matters (and therefore a decrease or increase 
in reported net income in the period of such change).  

Income from operations of CompX and Kronos is impacted by certain significant judgments and estimates, 

as summarized below:  

(cid:120)  Chemicals  (Kronos)  -  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts,  impairment  of  equity  method  investments, 
long-lived assets, defined benefit pension and OPEB plans, loss accruals and income taxes, and  
(cid:120)  Component  products  (CompX)  -  impairment  of  goodwill  and  long-lived  assets,  loss  accruals  and 

income taxes.  

- 36 - 

 
In addition, general corporate and other items are impacted by the significant judgments and estimates for 
impairment  of  marketable  securities  and  equity  method  investments,  defined  benefit  pension  and  OPEB  plans, 
deferred income tax asset valuation allowances and loss accruals.  

Loss from operations attributable to continuing operations  

The  following  table  shows  the  components  of  our  loss  from  operations  attributable  to  continuing 

operations.  

2011

$

Year ended December 31,
2012
(Dollars in millions)
5.4     $
3.3      
15.0      
3.6      
(6.4)     
(29.0)     
(8.1)    $

6.4 
16.9 
- 
1.0 
- 
(25.0) 

(.7)  $

2013

2011-12 

2012-13

% Change

9.3 
9.4 
- 
.1 
- 
(87.0) 
(68.2) 

(16)%     
(80)%     
n.m.   
260%      
n.m.   

16%      

n.m. 

72 %
185 %
(100)%
(99)%
(100)%
201%
747%

$ 

CompX 
Insurance recoveries 
Litigation settlement gain 
Other income, net 
Goodwill impairment 
Corporate expense 

Loss from operations 

$ 

n.m. - not meaningful 

The  following  table  shows  the  components  of  our  income  before  income  taxes  attributable  to  continuing 

operations exclusive of our income from operations.  

$ 

$ 

Equity in earnings (losses) of 

Kronos 

Interest and dividend income 
Interest expense 

CompX International Inc.  

Net sales 
Cost of sales 

Gross margin 

Operating costs and expenses 
Write-down and loss on disposal of 

assets held for sale 

Income from continuing 

Year ended December 31,  
2012  

2011  

2013  

% Change  

2011-12  

2012-13  

(Dollars in millions)

97.6     $
3.0      
(1.6)     

66.4     $
3.2      
(1.0)     

(31.0)
2.9  
(.1)

(32 )%     
8 %      
(34 )%     

(147)%
(9)%
(88)% 

2011  

Years ended December 31,  
2012  
(Dollars in millions)
  $

  $

2013  

% Change  

2011-12 

2012-13  

79.8 
55.7 
24.1 
16.6 

83.2 
58.9 
24.3 
17.7 

1.1 

1.2 

92.0  
64.4  
27.6  
18.3  

-  

4 %     
6 %     
1 %     
7 %     

11%
10%
13%
3%

9 %      

(100)%

operations 

$ 

6.4 

  $

5.4 

  $

9.3 

(16 )%    

72%

Percentage of net sales: 
Cost of sales 
Gross margin 
Operating costs and expenses    
Assets held for sale write-

down 

Income from operations 

70%    
30%    
21%    

1%    
8%    

71%    
29%    
21%    

1%    
7%    

70%   
30%   
20%   

- 

10%   

- 37 - 

 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
    
  
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
  
 
    
  
 
    
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
    
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
    
  
  
   
   
  
   
   
  
   
   
  
   
   
    
         
 
      
  
  
  
      
  
  
  
      
  
  
  
      
  
  
      
  
  
  
  
      
  
  
  
      
  
 
Net  sales - Net  sales  increased  approximately  $8.8  million in 2013 principally  due  to higher  demand  for 
high  security  pin  tumbler  locks  within  the  Security  Products  business,  and  to  a  lesser  extent  from  an  increase  in 
Marine  Component  sales  outside  of  the  high  performance  boat  market  through  gains  in  market  share.    Relative 
changes in selling prices did not have a material impact on net sales comparisons. 

Net  sales  increased  approximately  $3.4  million  in  2012  principally  due  to  growth  in  customer  demand 
within  both  of  CompX’s  businesses  resulting  from  somewhat  improved  economic  conditions  in  North  America.  
Additionally, the Marine Components business experienced a $.1 million increase in sales to the ski/wakeboard boat 
market.  Relative changes in selling prices did not have a material impact on net sales comparisons.  

Cost  of  sales  and  gross  margin  -  Cost  of  sales  and  gross  margin  both  increased  from  2012  to  2013 
primarily  due  to  increased  sales  volumes.    As  a  percentage  of  sales,  cost  of  sales  decreased  1%  resulting  in  an 
increase  in  gross  margin  of  1%  primarily  due  to  improved  cost  efficiencies  from  higher  sales,  partially  offset  by 
higher self-insured medical costs in 2013 as discussed below. 

Cost of sales and gross margin both increased from 2011 to 2012 primarily due to increased sales volumes.  
As a percentage of sales, cost of sales increased 1% resulting in a decrease in gross margin of 1% primarily due to 
the net effects of the increase in sales partially offset by higher self-insured medical costs as discussed below. 

Operating costs and expenses - Operating costs and expenses consists primarily of sales and administrative 
related  personnel  costs,  sales  commissions  and  advertising  expenses  directly  related  to  product  sales  and 
administrative  costs  relating  to  business  unit  and  corporate  management  activities,  as  well  as  gains  and  losses  on 
property, plant and equipment.  Operating costs and expenses increased in 2013 compared to 2012, and increased in 
2012  as  compared  to  2011,  as  a  result  of  increased  administrative  support  costs  relating  to  the  higher  sales.  
Additionally, in 2012 we incurred higher costs relating to the assets held for sale.    

Write-down and loss on disposal of assets held for sale - We recorded write-downs on assets held for sale 
of $1.1 million and $1.2 million (including a $.8 million loss on disposal of assets held for sale) in 2011 and 2012, 
respectively, relating to certain facilities held for sale that were no longer in use.  The write-downs are included in 
corporate operating expense.  See Note 9 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.  

Income from operations - As a percentage of net sales, CompX’s income from operations increased by 3% 
in  2013  compared  to  2012  and  decreased  by  1%  in  2012  compared  to  2011  and  was  primarily  impacted  by  the 
factors affecting cost of sales, gross margin and operating costs discussed above.   

General  -  CompX’s  profitability  primarily  depends  on  our  ability  to  utilize  our  production  capacity 
effectively,  which  is  affected  by,  among  other  things,  the  demand  for  our  products  and  our  ability  to  control  our 
manufacturing costs, primarily comprising labor costs and materials.  The materials used in our products consist of 
purchased components and raw materials some of which are subject to fluctuations in the commodity markets such 
as zinc, brass and stainless steel.  Total material costs represented approximately 44% of our cost of sales in 2013, 
with  commodity  related  raw  materials  accounting  for  approximately  11%  of  our  cost  of  sales.    Worldwide 
commodity raw material costs increased throughout 2011, although during 2012 and 2013 they were mostly stable.   
We occasionally enter into short-term commodity related raw material supply arrangements to mitigate the impact of 
future  increases  in  commodity  related  raw  material  costs.    These  arrangements  generally  provide  for  stated  unit 
prices based upon specified purchase volumes, which helps us to stabilize commodity related raw material purchase 
prices to a certain extent.  We enter into such arrangements for zinc and brass.  We expect commodity related raw 
material prices to increase in 2014 in conjunction with higher demand as a result of the expected growth in the world 
wide  economy.    These  raw  materials  purchased  on  the  spot  market  are  sometimes  subject  to  unanticipated  and 
sudden price increases.  We generally seek to mitigate the impact of fluctuations in commodity raw material costs on 
our margins through improvements in production efficiencies or other operating cost reductions.  In the event we are 
unable to offset cost increases for these raw materials with other cost reductions, it may be difficult to recover those 
cost increases through increased product selling prices or raw material surcharges due to the competitive nature of 
the markets served by our products.  Consequently, overall operating margins may be affected by raw material cost 
pressures.  

- 38 - 

 
Results by reporting unit  

The  key  performance  indicator  for  CompX’s  reporting  units  is  the  level  of  their  income  from  operations 

(see discussion below).  

2011

Years ended December 31,
2012
(In millions)

2013

% Change

  2011–12 

  2012–13

Net sales: 

Security Products 
Marine Components 
Total net sales 

Gross margin: 

Security Products 
Marine Components 

Total gross margin 

Income (loss) from operations: 
Security Products 
Marine Components 
Corporate operating expenses 

Total income from operations 
Income (loss) from operations margin: 

Security Products 
Marine Components 

Total income from operations 

margin 

$

$

$

$

$

$

71.4   
8.4   
79.8   

23.1   
1.0   
24.1   

14.4   
(1.2)  
(6.8)  
6.4   

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

 $

73.7    $
9.5   
83.2    $

23.0    $
1.3   
24.3    $

14.1    $
(.8)  
(7.9)  
5.4    $

81.5  
10.5  
92.0  

25.8  
1.8  
27.6  

16.1  
(.1)  
(6.7)   
9.3  

3%      
13%      
4%      

-   

31%      
1%      

(2)%     
33%      
(18)%     
(16)%     

11% 
11% 
11% 

12%  
43% 
13% 

14% 
82% 
16% 
72% 

20%    
(15)%   

19% 
(9)%   

20%         
(1)%        

8%    

7% 

10%         

Security Products - Security Products net sales increased 11% to $81.5 million in 2013 compared to $73.7 
million in 2012.  The increase in sales is primarily due to an increase in sales to certain high security pin tumbler 
lock  customers  of $7.6  million.   Growth of our  Security Products  operations  was  aided  by  our ongoing  efforts  to 
diversify our products and customers.  Income from operations margin percentages increased in 2013 compared to 
2012  by  1%  primarily  due  to  improved  cost  efficiencies  from  higher  sales,  partially  offset  by  higher  self-insured 
medical costs of $.6 million in 2013, $.5 million of which impacted cost of sales and $.1 million of which impacted 
selling and administration expenses. 

Security Products net sales increased 3% to $73.7 million in 2012 compared to $71.4 million in 2011.  The 
increase in sales is primarily due to somewhat improved economic conditions in North America resulting in higher 
order rates across most markets.  Income from operations margin percentages decreased in 2012 compared to 2011 
by 1% primarily due to higher self-insured medical costs of $.9 million in 2012, $.8 million of which impacted cost 
of  goods  sold  and  $.1  million  of  which  impacted  selling  and  administration  expenses.    The  impact  of  the  higher 
medical costs on cost of sales was partially offset by a $.3 million decrease in depreciation expense relating to the 
timing  of  historical  capital  expenditures  and  retirements.    The  2012  medical  costs  were  more  in  line  with  the 
historical average annual medical costs as compared to an unusually favorable 2011.  

Marine  Components  –  Marine  Components  net  sales  increased  11%  in  2013  as  compared  to  2012.    The 
increase was primarily the result of a $.8 million increase in sales to the ski/wakeboard boat market and other non-
high performance marine markets.  As a percentage of net sales, loss from operations margin percentage improved 
in 2013 compared to 2012 primarily due to increased leverage of fixed costs as a result of the higher sales. 

Marine Components net sales increased 13% in 2012 as compared to 2011.  The increase was primarily the 
result of a $.9 million increase in sales to the ski/wakeboard boat market in connection with new products developed 
for that market.  As a percentage of net sales, loss from operations margin percentage improved in 2012 compared to 
2011  primarily  due  to  increased  leverage  of  fixed  costs  as  a  result  of  the  higher  sales  and  lower  intangible 
amortization expense due to intangibles that became fully amortized in the first six months of 2011.  

- 39 - 

 
  
 
 
 
  
    
  
    
  
     
  
    
  
       
  
       
  
    
 
  
 
    
    
    
  
     
  
    
  
       
  
       
  
    
    
 
  
 
    
    
    
  
     
  
    
  
       
  
       
  
    
 
  
 
    
 
  
 
    
    
    
  
     
  
    
  
       
  
       
  
 
 
  
       
  
 
  
       
  
 
 
  
       
  
Outlook  -  Consistent  with  the  current  state  of  the  North  American  economy,  overall  demand  from  our 
customers continues to be subject to instability.  While we experienced some increase in customer demand across 
most  markets  in  2013,  it  is  uncertain  the  extent  that  sales  will  continue  to  grow  during  2014.    While  changes  in 
market  demand  are  not  within  our  control,  we  are  focused  on  the  areas  we  can  impact.    Staffing  levels  are 
continuously  evaluated  in  relation  to  sales  order  rates  which  may  result  in  headcount  adjustments,  to  the  extent 
possible,  to  match  staffing  levels  with  demand.    We  expect  our  continuous  lean  manufacturing  and  cost 
improvement  initiatives  to  positively  impact  our  productivity  and  result  in  a  more  efficient  infrastructure.  
Additionally, we continue to seek opportunities to gain market share in markets we currently serve, to expand into 
new markets and to develop new product features in order to mitigate the impact of changes in demand as well as 
broaden our sales base.  

Volatility in the costs of commodity raw materials is ongoing.  Our primary commodity raw materials are 
zinc, brass and stainless steel, which together represent approximately 11% of our total cost of sales.  We generally 
seek to mitigate the impact of fluctuations in commodity raw material costs on our margins through improvements 
in production efficiencies or other operating cost reductions.  In the event we are unable to offset commodity raw 
material  cost  increases  with  other  cost  reductions,  it  may  be  difficult  to  recover  those  cost  increases  through 
increased product selling prices or surcharges due to the competitive nature of the markets served by our products.  
Additionally, significant surcharges may negatively affect our margins as they typically only recover the increased 
cost  of  the  raw  material  without  adding  margin  dollars  resulting  in  a  lower  margin  percentage.    Consequently, 
overall operating margins may be negatively affected by commodity raw material cost pressures.  

General  corporate  items,  interest  and  dividend  income,  interest  expense,  provision  for  income  taxes, 
noncontrolling interest and related party transactions  

Insurance recoveries - We have agreements with certain insurance carriers pursuant to which the carriers 
reimburse  us  for  a  portion  of  our  past  lead  pigment  and  asbestos  litigation  defense  costs.   Insurance  recoveries 
include  amounts  we  received  from  these  insurance  carriers.    Substantially  all  of  the  $16.9  million  of  insurance 
recoveries  we  recognized  in  2011  relate  to  a  new  settlement  we  reached  with  one  of  our  insurance  carriers  in 
September 2011 in which they agreed to reimburse us for a portion of our past litigation defense costs.  

The  agreements  with  certain  of  our  insurance  carriers  also  include  reimbursement  for  a  portion  of  our 
future  litigation  defense  costs.    We  are  not  able  to  determine  how  much  we  will  ultimately  recover  from  these 
carriers for defense costs incurred by us because of certain issues that arise regarding which defense costs qualify for 
reimbursement.  Accordingly, these insurance recoveries are recognized when receipt is probable and the amount is 
determinable.  Substantially all of the insurance recoveries recognized in 2012 and 2013 relate to reimbursement of 
ongoing litigation defense costs.  See Note 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.  

Litigation settlement gains and other operating income - In 2012, we reported a $15.0 million pre-tax gain 
related to the third and final closing associated with certain real property we formerly owned in New Jersey.  See 
Note 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.  

Other operating income in 2012 includes $3.2 million from the sale of certain real property owned by us for 

which we had a nominal carrying value.  

Litigation  settlement  expense  and  corporate  expense  -  Corporate  expenses  were  $87.0  million  in  2013, 
$58.0  million  or  201%  higher  than  in  2012  primarily  due  to  higher  environmental  and  related  costs.    Included  in 
2013 corporate expenses are:  

(cid:121) 
(cid:121) 

litigation and related costs of $10.2 million compared to $7.5 million in 2012 and  
environmental and related costs of $68.9 million compared to $14.5 million in 2012.  

- 40 - 

 
Corporate expenses were $29.0 million in 2012, $4.0 million or 16% higher than in 2011 primarily due to 
higher  environmental  and related  costs  and  offset  by  slightly  lower  litigation  and related  costs.    Included  in 2012 
corporate expenses are:  

(cid:121) 
(cid:121) 

litigation and related costs of $7.5 million compared to $7.9 million in 2011 and  
environmental and related costs of $14.5 million compared to $11.4 million in 2011.  

Overall,  we  currently  expect  that  our  net  general  corporate  expenses  in  2014  will  be  lower  than  in  2013 

primarily due to lower expected environmental remediation and related costs.  

The level of our litigation and related expenses varies from period to period depending upon, among other 
things,  the number  of  cases in  which  we  are  currently  involved,  the nature  of  such  cases  and  the  current  stage  of 
such  cases  (e.g.  discovery,  pre-trial  motions,  trial  or  appeal,  if  applicable).    See  Note  18  to  our  Consolidated 
Financial Statements.  If our current expectations regarding the number of cases in which we expect to be involved 
during 2014 or the nature of such cases were to change, our corporate expenses could be higher than we currently 
estimate.  

Obligations for environmental remediation costs are difficult to assess and estimate and it is possible that 
actual costs for environmental remediation will exceed accrued amounts or that costs will be incurred in the future 
for sites in which we cannot currently estimate our liability.  If these events were to occur in 2014, our corporate 
expenses would be higher than we currently estimate.  In addition, we adjust our environmental accruals as further 
information  becomes  available  to  us  or  as  circumstances  change.    Such  further  information  or  changed 
circumstances  could  result  in  an  increase  in  our  accrued  environmental  costs.    See  Note  18  to  our  Consolidated 
Financial Statements.  

Goodwill impairment – In 2012, we recognized a $6.4 goodwill impairment related to our EWI insurance 

brokerage business.  See Note 8 to our Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Marketable  securities  transactions - We recognized a $16.6 million pre-tax gain in the fourth quarter of 
2012 on the sale, pursuant to a tender offer, of our 1.4 million shares of TIMET stock for $23.9 million.  See Note 6 
to our Consolidated Financial Statements.  

Interest  and  dividend  income  -  Interest  income  decreased  in  2012  compared  2011  primarily  due  to  the 
maturity  of  our  $15.0  million  promissory  note  receivable  in  October  2011  and  lower  cash  balances  available  for 
investment.   

Dividend income decreased $.4 million in 2013 compared to 2012 due to the sale of our TIMET stock in 
December 2012.  Dividend income increased $.5 million in 2012 due to an increase in the quarterly dividend rate of 
Valhi  from  $.125  per  share  to  $.05  per  share  in  the  second  quarter  of  2012  and  increased  $.1  million  due  to  the 
resumption of TIMET’s quarterly dividend in the second quarter of 2011.  

Interest  expense  -  We  recognized  interest  expense  on  a  promissory  note  related  to  a  2010  litigation 
settlement  of $.6  million  in 2011  and $.2 million  in 2012.  Such  promissory note was repaid  in full  in  December 
2012.  See Note 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.  

In addition, interest expense decreased in 2013 compared to 2012 principally due to the prepayment of the 
remaining  outstanding  principal  amount  of  CompX’s  note  payable  to  TIMET  Financial  Management  Company 
(TFMC)  in  July  of  2013.    Interest  expense  decreased  in  2012  compared  to  2011  as  a  result  of  the  significant 
reduction in the principal balance of the note payable to TFMC of $15.0 million in October of 2011 upon collection 
of our $15.0 million promissory note receivable in October 2011.  The average interest rate on the note payable at 
December 31,  2012  was  1.5%.    See  Note  12  to  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements.    CompX’s  outstanding 
balance on the credit facility through October of 2012 was $2.0 million which was repaid in full in November of 
2012 and terminated as of December 31, 2012.  During 2011, we averaged $2.4 million outstanding on the revolving 
credit facility (4.4% at December 31, 2011).  We expect our interest expense in 2014 to be immaterial.  

- 41 - 

 
Income  tax  expense  (benefit)  -  We  recognized  an  income  tax  expense  of  $19.8  million  in  2011,  $19.9 
million  in  2012,  and  an  income  tax  benefit  of  $41.9  million  in  2013.   In  2012,  there  is  no  income  tax  benefit 
associated with the $6.4 million goodwill impairment charge attributable to EWI because such impairment charge is 
not  deductible  for  income  tax  purposes.    In  accordance  with  GAAP,  we  recognize  deferred  income  taxes  on  our 
undistributed equity in earnings of Kronos.  Because we and Kronos are part of the same U.S. federal income tax 
group, any dividends we receive from Kronos are nontaxable to us.  Accordingly, we do not recognize and we are 
not required to pay income taxes on dividends from Kronos.  Therefore, our effective income tax rate will generally 
be lower than the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate in periods during which we receive dividends from Kronos. 

See  Note  14  to  our  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  for  a  tabular  reconciliation  of  our  statutory  tax 

expense to our actual tax expense. 

Noncontrolling  interest  -  Noncontrolling  interest  in  net  income  of  CompX  attributable  to  continuing 
operations  is  consistent  in  each  of  2011,  2012  and  2013.    Noncontrolling  interest  in  net  income  of  CompX 
attributable to discontinued operations (exclusive of the gain on sale of the discontinued operations) was consistent 
in 2012 compared to 2011.  The noncontrolling interest related to the sale of such operations in 2012 is $3.6 million.  

Discontinued  operations  -  On  December 28,  2012,  we  completed  the  sale  of  CompX’s  Furniture 
Components operations to a competitor for proceeds, net of expenses, of approximately $58.0 million in cash.  We 
recognized a pre-tax gain of approximately $23.7 million in the fourth quarter of 2012 ($14.5 million, net of income 
taxes and noncontrolling interest).  Discontinued operations also includes income related to the operations of such 
disposed unit, net of income taxes and noncontrolling interest, of $3.6 million in 2011 and $3.3 million in 2012.  See 
Note 2 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.  

Related party transactions - We are a party to certain transactions with related parties.  See Notes 1 and 16 
to our Consolidated Financial Statements.  It is our policy to engage in transactions with related parties on terms, in 
our opinion, no less favorable to us than we could obtain from unrelated parties.  

- 42 - 

 
Equity in Earnings of Kronos Worldwide, Inc.  

Net sales 
Cost of sales 

Gross margin 
Income (loss) from operations 
Other, net 
Interest expense 

Income (loss) before income 

taxes 
Income tax expense (benefit) 

Net income (loss) 

Percentage of net sales: 

Cost of sales 
Income (loss) from operations 
Equity in earnings (loss)  of Kronos 

Worldwide, Inc. 
TiO2 operating statistics: 
Sales volumes* 
Production volumes* 
Change in TiO2 net sales: 
TiO2 product pricing 
TiO2 sales volumes 
TiO2 product mix 
Changes in currency exchange rates 
Total  

*  Thousands of metric tons  

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 

  $

2011

Years ended December 31,
2012
(Dollars in millions)
1,976.3      $
1,415.9       
560.4      $
359.6      $
(2.1)     
(26.7)     

1,943.3   
1,194.9   
748.4   
546.5   
3.3   
(32.7) 

  $
  $

2013

1,732.4  
1,620.2  
112.2   
(132.6)
(7.7)
(19.6)

% Change 
  2011-2012    2012-2013 

2 %      
18 %      

(12)%
14 %

(34 )%     

(137)%

517.1   
196.1   
321.0   

  $

330.8       
112.3       
218.5      $

(159.9)
(57.9)
(102.0) 

61%    
28%    

72%    
18%    

94 %       
(8)%       

$ 

97.6   

  $

66.4      $

(31.0)

503   
550   

470       
469       

498   
474   

(6 )%      
(15 )%      

10 %       
(6 )%      
2 %       
(4 )%      
2 %       

6 %
1 %

(19)%
6 %
- %
1 %
(12)%

Industry conditions and 2013 overview - In the second quarter of 2013, Kronos announced price increases 
for  its  TiO2  products  in  all  of  its  markets,  implementation  of  which  began  in  June  2013.    In  the  third  and  fourth 
quarters of 2013, Kronos notified customers of additional price increases to be implemented as contract terms and 
market  conditions  allow.    As  a  result,  after  about  a  year  of  decreasing  selling  prices  within  the  TiO2  industry, 
Kronos’ selling prices have generally stabilized.  Kronos’ average selling prices have remained stable through the 
last three quarters of 2013, and its average selling prices in the fourth quarter of 2013 were 1% higher as compared 
to the third quarter of 2013.  Demand for TiO2 products has generally been strong in 2013, primarily in European 
and export markets, as customers have generally depleted their inventories in response to general global economic 
uncertainty. 

While Kronos operated its production facilities at full practical capacity rates in the first quarter of 2012, it 
operated its facilities at reduced rates during the remainder of 2012 (approximately 86% of practical capacity in the 
second  quarter,  approximately  71%  in  the  third  quarter  and  approximately  80%  in  the  fourth  quarter)  to  align 
production levels and inventories to current and anticipated near-term customer demand levels.  Kronos continued to 
operate  its  production  facilities  at  reduced  capacity  rates  in  2013  (approximately  92%,  90%,  82%  and  81%  of 
practical capacity in the first through fourth quarter periods, respectively).  Kronos’ production capacity utilization 
rates  in  the  second  half  of  2013  were  impacted  by  the  lockout  at  its  Canadian  production  facility,  as  discussed 
below.  

- 43 - 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
   
    
      
  
        
 
    
  
   
      
  
        
 
  
   
      
  
        
 
  
   
      
  
        
 
  
   
      
  
        
 
      
  
        
 
    
  
      
  
      
  
      
  
        
 
  
  
        
 
  
  
        
 
      
  
        
 
    
  
      
  
      
  
      
  
        
 
  
   
    
  
   
    
    
  
      
  
      
  
      
  
       
 
    
    
    
    
    
 
Kronos  experienced  significantly  higher  costs  for  its raw  materials  such  as  third  party  feedstock  ore  and 
petroleum coke in 2012.  Kronos operates two ilmenite mines in Norway, the production from which provides all of 
the  feedstock  for  its  European  sulfate  process  facilities  as  well  as  third  party  ilmenite  ore  sales.    Kronos’  cost  of 
sales per metric ton of TiO2 sold in the first half of 2013 was significantly higher than TiO2 sold in the first half of 
2012, as a substantial portion of the TiO2 products Kronos sold in the first quarter of 2012 (and a portion of the TiO2 
products Kronos sold in the second quarter of 2012) was produced with lower-cost feedstock ore purchased in 2011, 
while a substantial portion of the TiO2 products it sold in the first quarter of 2013 (and a portion of the TiO2 products 
it sold in the second quarter of 2013) was produced with higher-cost feedstock ore purchased in 2012.  Kronos saw 
some moderation in the cost of TiO2 feedstock ore procured from third parties in 2013, but such reductions did not 
begin to be significantly reflected in its cost of sales until the third quarter of 2013.  As expected, Kronos’ cost of 
sales per metric ton of TiO2 sold in the second half of 2013 was lower than the cost of sales per metric ton of TiO2 
sold in the second half of 2012, primarily due to the lower feedstock ore costs.  If third-party feedstock ore costs 
reflected in Kronos’ cost of sales in 2013 had been based on its current cost of third-party feedstock ore, its cost of 
sales for 2013 would have been approximately $218 million lower. 

Net sales – Kronos’ net sales decreased 12% or $243.9 million in 2013 compared to 2012, primarily due to 
the net effects of a 19% decrease in average TiO2 selling prices (which decreased net sales by approximately $375 
million) and a 6% increase in sales volumes (which increased net sales by approximately $119 million).   

Kronos’ net sales increased 2% or $33.0 million in 2012 compared to 2011, primarily due to the net effects 
of a 10% increase in average TiO2 selling prices (which increased net sales by approximately $194 million) and a 
6% decrease in sales volumes (which decreased net sales by approximately $117 million).  TiO2 selling prices will 
increase or decrease generally as a result of competitive market pressures, changes in the relative level of supply and 
demand as well as changes in raw material and other manufacturing costs.  

Kronos’  sales  volumes  increased  6%  in  2013  as  compared  to  2012  due  to  increased  customer  demand 
primarily in European and certain export markets, partially offset by decreased demand in North American markets.  
In addition, Kronos estimates the favorable effect of changes in currency exchange rates increased its net sales by 
approximately $18 million, or 1%, as compared to 2012.  

Kronos’ sales volumes decreased 6% in 2012 as compared to 2011 due to decreased customer demand in 
European  markets  partially  offset  by  higher  sales  in  U.S.  and  export  markets.    In  addition,  Kronos  estimates  the 
unfavorable effect of changes in currency exchange rates decreased its net sales by approximately $82 million, or 
4%, as compared to 2011.  

Cost of sales – Kronos’ cost of sales increased $204.3 million or 14% in 2013 compared to 2012 due to the 
net impact of higher raw materials and other production costs of approximately $115 million (primarily caused by 
the higher third-party feedstock ore costs), a 6% increase in sales volumes, a 1% increase in production volumes and 
currency fluctuations (primarily the euro).  Kronos’ cost of sales per metric ton of TiO2 sold in the first half of 2013 
was significantly higher than TiO2 sold in the first half of 2012, as a substantial portion of the TiO2 products it sold 
in the first quarter of 2012 (and a portion of the TiO2 products it sold in the second quarter of 2012) was produced 
with lower-cost feedstock ore purchased in 2011, while a substantial portion of the TiO2 products Kronos sold in the 
first quarter of 2013 (and a portion of the TiO2 products it sold in the second quarter of 2013) was produced with 
higher-cost feedstock ore purchased in 2012.  As expected, the cost of sales per metric ton of TiO2 sold in the second 
half of 2013 was lower than the cost of sales per metric ton of TiO2 sold in the second half of 2012 primarily due to 
the lower feedstock ore costs as discussed and quantified above.  Cost of sales as a percentage of net sales increased 
to 94% in 2013 compared to 72% in 2012 primarily due to the combined effects of higher raw materials and other 
production costs and the lower average TiO2 selling prices as discussed above.  In addition, cost of sales in 2013 
includes approximately $19 million of unabsorbed fixed production and other manufacturing costs associated with 
the lockout at Kronos’ Canadian TiO2 production facility and approximately $9 million of one-time costs resulting 
from the terms of the new collective bargaining agreement for its Canadian workforce, each of which were charged 
directly to cost of sales as discussed below.  

- 44 - 

 
Unionized  employees  in  Kronos’  Canadian  TiO2  production  facility  were  covered  by  a  collective 
bargaining agreement that expired June 15, 2013.  The Canadian facility represents approximately 19% of Kronos’ 
worldwide TiO2 production capacity.  The union employees represented by the Confederation des Syndicat National 
(CSN)  rejected  Kronos’  revised  global  offer,  and  Kronos  declared  a  lockout  of  unionized  employees  upon  the 
expiration of the existing contract.  Effective the end of November 2013, a new collective bargaining agreement was 
reached with CSN and production at the facility resumed in February 2014.  During the lockout Kronos operated its 
Canadian  plant  at  approximately  15%  of  the  plant’s  capacity  with  non-union  management  employees.    The 
reduction  in  its  TiO2  production  volumes  at  its  Canadian  facility  resulted  in  approximately  $19  million  of 
unabsorbed fixed production and other manufacturing costs that were charged directly to cost of sales.  In addition, 
Kronos  recognized  approximately  $9  million  in  expenses  associated  with  reaching  a  new  collective  bargaining 
agreement,  consisting  of  a  net  $7  million  non-cash  charge  due  to  the  curtailment  of  one  of  its  Canadian  defined 
benefit pension plans and its Canadian other postretirement benefit plan and approximately $2 million of severance 
and other back-to-work expenses. 

Kronos’ cost of sales increased $221.0 million or 18% in 2012 compared to 2011 due to the net impact of 
higher  raw  material  and  other  production  costs  of  approximately  $331  million  (primarily  feedstock  ore  and 
petroleum coke), a 6% decrease in sales volumes, a 15% decrease in production volumes and currency fluctuations 
(primarily the euro).  Cost of sales as a percentage of net sales increased to 72% in 2012 compared to 61% in 2011 
primarily due to the net effects of higher raw material costs, the unfavorable effects of unabsorbed fixed production 
costs  resulting  from  reduced  production  volumes  and  higher  average  selling  prices.    Kronos  reduced  its  TiO2 
production  volumes  during  2012  in  order  to  align  inventory  levels  with  lower  demand,  which  resulted  in 
approximately  $25  million  of  unabsorbed  fixed  production  costs  that  were  charged  directly  to  cost  of  sales.  
Additionally, 2012 reflects the benefit of lower raw material costs in the first quarter of 2012(as compared to current 
costs) as lower cost raw materials purchased at the end of 2011 were used in the 2012 production process.  

Other  operating  expense,  net  – Kronos’ other operating expense  in 2013  includes  a  litigation  settlement 

charge of $35 million. 

Gross margin and income from operations – Kronos’ income from operations decreased by $492.2 million 
from  income  of  $359.6  million  in  2012  to  a  loss  of  $132.6  million  in  2013.    Income  (loss)  from  operations  as  a 
percentage of net sales decreased to (8)% in 2013 from 18% in 2012.  This decrease was driven by the decline in 
gross margin, which decreased to 6% in 2013 compared to 28% in 2012, and the 2013 litigation settlement charge 
discussed above.  As discussed and quantified above, Kronos’ gross margin has decreased primarily due to the net 
effects  of  lower  selling  prices,  higher  manufacturing  costs  (primarily  raw  materials),  higher  sales  volumes,  costs 
associated  with  reaching  a  new  Canadian  collective  bargaining  agreement,  and  lower  unabsorbed  fixed  costs 
charged directly to cost of sales.   

Kronos’  income  from  operations  decreased  by  $186.9  million  from  $546.5  million  in  2011  to  $359.6 
million in the 2012.  Income from operations as a percentage of net sales decreased to 18% in 2012 from 28% in 
2011.  This decrease was driven by the decline in gross margin, which decreased to 28% in 2012 compared to 39% 
in 2011.  As discussed and quantified above, Kronos’ gross margin has decreased primarily due to the net effects of 
higher  manufacturing  costs  (primarily  raw  materials),  higher  selling  prices,  lower  sales  volumes  and  unabsorbed 
fixed costs related to lower production volumes.   

Additionally,  changes  in  currency  exchange  rates  have  negatively  affected  its  gross  margin  and  income 
from operations.  Kronos estimates that changes in currency exchange rates decreased income from operations by 
approximately  $2  million  in  2013  compared  to  2012.  Kronos  estimates  that  changes  in  currency  exchange  rates 
decreased income from operations by approximately $10 million in 2012 compared to 2011. 

As  a  percentage  of  net  sales,  selling,  general  and  administrative  expenses  were  relatively  consistent  at 

approximately 11%, 9% and 10% for 2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively. 

Other  non-operating  income  (expense)  –  Kronos  recognized  an  aggregate  $8.9  million  pre-tax  charge, 
consisting of the write-off of unamortized original issue discount costs and deferred financing costs, in 2013 related 
to  the  voluntary  prepayment  of  its  term  loan by  $290  million  in  the  first  quarter  of 2013  and  the remaining $100 
million in the third quarter of 2013.   

- 45 - 

 
Kronos  recognized  an  aggregate  $7.2  million  pre-tax  charge  in  the  second  quarter  of  2012  related  to  the 
early  extinguishment  of  its  remaining  Senior  Secured  Notes.    Kronos  also  recognized  a  $3.9  million  securities 
transaction  loss  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012  on  the  sale,  pursuant  to  a  tender  offer,  of  its  4.2 million  shares  of 
TIMET stock for $70.0 million.  

Kronos’  interest  expense  decreased  $7.1  million  from  $26.7  million  in  2012  to  $19.6  million  in  2013 

primarily due to lower average debt levels in 2013. 

Kronos’  interest  expense  decreased  $6.0  million  from  $32.7  million  in  2011  to  $26.7  million  in  2012 
primarily due to the effects of lower 2012 average debt levels of its Senior Secured Notes resulting from the March 
2011 redemption and open market purchases in the third and fourth quarters of 2011.  In addition, outstanding debt 
in 2012 carried lower average interest rates than in 2011.  

In  March  2011,  Kronos  redeemed  €80 million  principal  amount  of  its  6.5%  Senior  Secured  Notes  and 
borrowed  under  its  European  revolving  credit  facility  in  order  to  fund  the  redemption.    In  the  third  and  fourth 
quarters of 2011, Kronos repurchased, in open market transactions, an aggregate €40.8 million principal amount of 
its  Senior  Notes.    As  a  result  of  these  redemptions,  Kronos  recognized  a  net  $3.1  million  pre-tax  interest  charge 
consisting  of  the  call  premium,  the  write-off  of  unamortized  deferred  financing  costs  and  original  issue  discount 
associated with the redeemed and purchased Notes.  

Kronos’ interest and dividend income decreased $7.8 million to $1.2 million in 2013 primarily due to lower 
balances available for investment, principally related to its loan to Valhi which was completely repaid in December 
2012.  Interest income on its loan to Valhi was $7.1 million in 2012. 

Income tax provision – Kronos recognized an income tax benefit of $57.9 million in 2013 compared to an 
income tax provision of $112.3 million in 2012.  The difference is primarily due to Kronos’ decreased earnings in 
2013.  Kronos recognized an income tax provision of $112.3 million in 2012 compared to a $196.1 million in 2011.  
This decrease in provision for income taxes was primarily due to lower income from operations in 2012 compared to 
2011.  Some of the more significant items are summarized below.  

(cid:121)  Kronos’ income tax provision in 2012 includes a net incremental tax benefit of $3.1 million.  Kronos 
determined during the third quarter that due to global changes in the business it would not remit certain 
dividends from its non-U.S. jurisdictions.  As a result, certain current year tax attributes were available 
for  carryback  to  offset  prior  year  tax  expense  and  Kronos’  provision  for  income  taxes  in  the  third 
quarter included an incremental tax benefit of $11.1 million.  During the fourth quarter as a result of a 
change in circumstances related to Kronos’ sale and the sale by certain of our affiliates of their shares 
of TIMET common stock, which sale provided an opportunity for Kronos and other members of our 
consolidated  U.S.  federal  income  tax  group  to  elect  to  claim  foreign  tax  credits,  Kronos  determined 
that it could tax-efficiently remit non-cash dividends from its non-U.S. jurisdictions before the end of 
the year, that absent the TIMET sale would not have been considered.  Kronos’ provision for income 
taxes  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012  includes  an  incremental  tax  related  to  the  non-cash  dividend 
distributions of $8.0 million.  

(cid:121)  Kronos’  income  tax  provision  in  2011  includes  $17.2  million  for  U.S.  incremental  income  taxes  on 
current earnings repatriated from its German subsidiary, which earnings were used to fund a portion of 
the redemption and repurchases of its Senior Secured Notes.  

- 46 - 

 
Effects of Currency Exchange Rates  

Kronos  has  substantial  operations  and  assets  located  outside  the  United  States  (primarily  in  Germany, 
Belgium, Norway and Canada).  The majority of its sales from non-U.S. operations are denominated in currencies 
other than the U.S. dollar, principally the euro, other major European currencies and the Canadian dollar.  A portion 
of  its  sales  generated  from  its  non-U.S.  operations  is  denominated  in  the  U.S.  dollar.    Certain  raw  materials  used 
worldwide, primarily titanium-containing feedstocks, are purchased in U.S. dollars, while labor and other production 
costs  are  purchased  primarily  in  local  currencies.    Consequently,  the  translated U.S. dollar value  of  Kronos’ non-
U.S.  sales  and  operating  results  are  subject  to  currency  exchange  rate  fluctuations  which  may  favorably  or 
unfavorably  impact  reported  earnings  and  may  affect  the  comparability  of  period-to-period  operating  results.    In 
addition to the impact of the translation of sales and expenses over time, Kronos’ non-U.S. operations also generate 
currency transaction gains and losses which primarily relate to the difference between the currency exchange rates in 
effect when non-local currency sales or operating costs are initially accrued and when such amounts are settled with 
the non-local currency.  

Overall, Kronos estimates that fluctuations in currency exchange rates had the following effects on its sales 

and income from operations for the periods indicated.  

Impact of changes in currency exchange rates - 2013 vs.  2012 

Transaction gains/(losses) recognized 

2012 

2013

Change
(In millions)

Translation 
gain/(loss)- 
impact of rate 
changes 

Total 
currency 
impact 
2013 vs.2012

Impact on: 
Net sales 
Income from operations 

$

-   $
(1)    

- $
(4)  

- $

(3)

18   $
1     

18
(2)

Impact of changes in currency exchange rates - 2012 vs.  2011 

Transaction gains/(losses) recognized

2011 

2012

Change
(In millions)

Translation 
gain/(loss)- 
impact of rate 
changes 

Total 
currency 
impact 
2012 vs.2011

Impact on: 
Net sales 
Income from operations 

$

Outlook  

- $
3  

- $
(1)  

- $
(4)  

(82)   $
(6)     

(82)
(10)

During  2013  Kronos  operated  its  production  facilities  at  86%  of  practical  capacity.    Kronos’  production 
utilization rates in 2013 were impacted by the lockout at its Canadian production facility that began in June 2013, as 
it operated its Canadian plant at approximately 15% of the plant’s capacity with non-union management employees 
during  the  lockout.    Kronos  believes  that  its  annual  attainable  production  capacity  for  2014  is  approximately 
555,000 metric tons.  While Kronos expects its production volumes to be higher in 2014 as compared to 2013, it 
expects  that  it  will  operate  at  less-than-full  production  capacity  for  2014,  due  principally  to  the  ramp-up  of 
operations at its Canadian facility following the end of the lockout in December 2013 as well as the implementation 
of  certain productivity-enhancing  capital  improvement  projects  at  other  facilities  which  will  result  in  longer-than-
normal  maintenance  shutdowns  in  certain  instances.    Assuming  economic  conditions  do  not  deteriorate  in  the 
various regions of the world, Kronos expects its sales volumes to be higher in 2014 as compared to 2013.  Kronos 
will  continue  to  monitor  current  and  anticipated  near-term  customer  demand  levels  and  align  its  production  and 
inventories accordingly. 

- 47 - 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
     
  
 
  
     
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
        
 
    
 
    
        
 
  
Kronos saw some moderation in the cost of TiO2 feedstock ore procured in 2013; however, these reductions 
did not begin to be significantly reflected in its cost of sales until the third quarter of 2013.  As expected, Kronos’ 
cost of sales per metric ton of TiO2 sold in the second half of 2013 was lower than the cost of sales per metric ton of 
TiO2 sold in the second half of 2012, primarily due to the lower feedstock ore costs.  Given the time lag between 
when  Kronos  procures  third-party  feedstock  ore  and  when  the  TiO2  product  produced  with  such  third-party 
feedstock is sold and recognized in its cost of sales, Kronos expects its cost of sales per metric ton of TiO2 sold in 
2014 will be lower than the cost of sales per metric ton of TiO2 sold in 2013.  Although the cost of feedstock ore has 
and continues to moderate, such reductions have been inadequate to compensate for the decline in selling prices for 
Kronos’ products over the past year.  Kronos started 2013 with selling prices 16% lower than the beginning of 2012, 
and its average selling prices at the end of 2013 were 7% below prices at the end of 2012 (with most of the decline 
during  2013  occurring  in  the  first  quarter).    In  addition,  Kronos’  average  selling  prices  at  the  end  of  2013  were 
slightly higher as compared to its average selling prices during the year 2013.  In the second quarter of 2013, Kronos 
announced price increases for its TiO2 products in all of its markets, implementation of which began in June 2013.  
In the third and fourth quarters of 2013, Kronos notified customers of additional price increases to be implemented 
as contract terms and market conditions allow.  Industry data indicates that overall TiO2 inventory held by producers 
has been significantly decreased and Kronos believes most customers hold very low inventories of TiO2 with many 
operating on a just-in-time basis.  As a result, lead times for delivery are increasing.  With the strong sales volumes 
experienced  in  2013,  Kronos  continues  to  see  evidence  of  improvement  in  demand  for  its  TiO2  products,  which 
Kronos believes will support implementation of additional selling price increases in the near term.   

Overall,  Kronos  expects  that  income  from  operations  in  2014  will  be  higher  as  compared  to  2013,  as  a 

result of: 

(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 

the favorable effect of lower-cost feedstock ore, 
the favorable effects of anticipated higher sales and production volumes in 2014 (in part from the 
resumption of production at its Canadian TiO2 production facility), 
the litigation settlement charge recognized in 2013, and 
the favorable impact of increases in its selling prices that Kronos would be able to achieve during 
2014.  

Due  to  the  constraints,  high  capital  costs  and  extended  lead  time  associated  with  adding  significant  new 
TiO2  production  capacity,  especially  for  premium  grades  of  TiO2  products  produced  from  the  chloride  process, 
Kronos believes increased and sustained profit margins will be necessary to financially justify major expansions of 
TiO2  production  capacity  required  to  meet  expected  future  growth  in  demand.    As  a  result  of  customer  decisions 
over  the  last  year  and  the  resulting  adverse  effect  on  global  TiO2  pricing,  industry  projects  to  increase  TiO2 
production capacity have been cancelled or deferred indefinitely. Given the lead time required for such production 
capacity  expansions,  Kronos  expects  a  prolonged  shortage  of  TiO2  products  will  occur  as  economic  conditions 
improve and global demand levels for TiO2 continue to increase 

Kronos’ expectations for its future operating results are based upon a number of factors beyond its control, 
including  worldwide  growth  of  gross  domestic  product,  competition  in  the  marketplace,  continued  operation  of 
competitors,  unexpected  or  earlier-than-expected  capacity  additions  or  reductions  and  technological  advances.    If 
actual developments differ from Kronos’ expectations, its results of operations could be unfavorably affected. 

Assumptions on defined benefit pension plans and OPEB plans  

Defined  benefit  pension  plans  -  We  maintain  various  defined  benefit  pension  plans  in  the  U.S.  and  the 
U.K., and Kronos maintains various defined benefit pension plans in the U.S., Europe and Canada.  See Note 15 to 
our Consolidated Financial Statements.   

Under  defined  benefit  pension  plan  accounting,  defined  benefit  pension  plan  expense  and  prepaid  and 
accrued pension costs are each recognized based on certain actuarial assumptions, principally the assumed discount 
rate,  the  assumed  long-term  rate of  return on  plan  assets and  the assumed  increase  in future  compensation  levels.  
We recognize the full funded status of our defined benefit pension plans as either an asset (for overfunded plans) or 
a liability (for underfunded plans) in our Consolidated Balance Sheet.   

- 48 - 

 
We  recognized  consolidated  defined  benefit  pension  plan  income  of  $.4  million  in  2011,  pension  plan 
expense of $.1 million in 2012 and pension plan income of $.6 million in 2013.  The funding requirements for these 
defined benefit pension plans is generally based upon applicable regulations (such as ERISA in the U.S.) and will 
generally  differ  from  pension  expense  recognized  under  GAAP  for  financial  reporting  purposes.    We  made 
contributions to all of our plans of approximately $.6 million in 2011, $2.2 million in 2012 and $1.5 million in 2013.   

The  discount  rates  we  use  for  determining  defined  benefit  pension  expense  and  the  related  pension 
obligations are based on current interest rates earned on long-term bonds that receive one of the two highest ratings 
given by recognized rating agencies in the applicable country where the defined benefit pension benefits are being 
paid.  In addition, we receive third-party advice about appropriate discount rates, and these advisors may in some 
cases use their own market indices.  We adjust these discount rates as of each December 31 valuation date to reflect 
then-current interest rates on such long-term bonds.  We use these discount rates to determine the actuarial present 
value of the pension obligations as of December 31 of that year.  We also use these discount rates to determine the 
interest component of defined benefit pension expense for the following year.   

At December 31, 2013, our projected benefit obligations for defined benefit plans comprised $44.9 million 
related to U.S.  plans and $9.8 million for the U.K.  plan, which is associated with a former disposed business.  We 
use different discount rate assumptions in determining our defined benefit pension plan obligations and expense for 
the  plans  we  maintain  in  the  United  States  and  the  U.K.    as  the  interest  rate  environment  differs  from  country  to 
country.   

We used the following discount rates for our defined benefit pension plans:  

Obligations at 
December 31, 2011 and
expense in 2012

Discount rates used for:
Obligations at 
December 31, 2012 and
expense in 2013

Obligations at 
December 31, 2013 and
expense in 2014 

United States 
United Kingdom 

4.2%
5.0%

3.6%
4.5%

4.5%
4.5%

The  assumed  long-term  rate  of  return  on  plan  assets  represents  the  estimated  average  rate  of  return 
expected  to be  earned  on  the  funds  invested  or  to be  invested  from  the  plans’  assets provided  to  fund  the  benefit 
payments inherent in the projected benefit obligations.  Unlike the discount rate, which is adjusted each year based 
on  changes  in  current  long-term  interest  rates,  the  assumed  long-term  rate  of  return  on  plan  assets  will  not 
necessarily  change  based  upon  the  actual  short-term  performance  of  the  plan  assets  in  any  given  year.    Defined 
benefit pension expense each year is based upon the assumed long-term rate of return on plan assets for each plan, 
the actual fair value of the plan assets as of the beginning of the year and an estimate of the amount of contributions 
to  and  distributions  from  the  plan  during  the  year.    Differences  between  the  expected  return  on  plan  assets  for  a 
given  year  and  the  actual  return  are  deferred  and  amortized  over  future  periods  based  either  upon  the  expected 
average remaining service life of the active plan participants (for plans for which benefits are still being earned by 
active employees) or the average remaining life expectancy of the inactive participants (for plans in which benefits 
are not still being earned by active employees).   

At  December 31,  2013,  approximately  80%  of  the  plan  assets  related  to  plan  assets  for  our  plans  in  the 
U.S.,  with  the  remainder  related  to  the  U.K.  plan.    We  use  different  long-term  rates  of  return  on  plan  asset 
assumptions  for  our  U.S.  and  U.K.  defined  benefit  pension  plan  expense  because  the  respective  plan  assets  are 
invested  in  a  different  mix  of  investments  and  the  long-term  rates  of  return  for  different  investments  differ  from 
country to country.   

In determining the expected long-term rate of return on plan asset assumptions, we consider the long-term 
asset mix (e.g. equity vs. fixed income) for the assets of each of our plans and the expected long-term rates of return 
for  such  asset  components  as  well  as  the  historical  rates  of  return  achieved.    At  December 31,  2012  and  2013, 
substantially  all  of  the  assets  attributable  to  U.S.  plans  were  invested  in  the  Combined  Master  Retirement  Trust 
(CMRT), a collective investment trust sponsored by Contran to permit the collective investment by certain master 
trusts which fund certain employee benefits plans sponsored by Contran and certain of its affiliates.   

- 49 - 

 
  
 
 
 
 
The CMRT’s long-term investment objective is to provide a rate of return exceeding a composite of broad 
market  equity  and  fixed  income  indices  (including  the  S&P  500  and  certain  Russell  indices).    Prior  to  December 
2012,  the  CMRT  had  an  investment  in  TIMET  common  stock;  however,  in  December,  2012  the  CMRT  sold  its 
shares of common stock in conjunction with the tender offer discussed in Note 6.  During the history of the CMRT 
from its inception in 1988 through December 31, 2013, the average annual rate of return has been 14%.   

The CMRT weighted-average asset allocation by asset category was as follows:  

Equity securities and limited partnerships 
Fixed income securities 
Other, mainly cash 
Total 

December 31, 

2012

2013 

53%    
12       
35       
100%    

64 % 
35    
1    
100 % 

The relatively high percentage of the CMRT invested in cash and other assets at December 31, 2012 is the 
result of the CMRT’s December 2012 disposition of its shares of TIMET common stock, which generated aggregate 
proceeds to the CMRT of $254.7 million (or approximately 35% of the CMRT’s total asset value at December 31, 
2012).  Subsequently in January 2013, the CMRT redeployed such proceeds into other investments.   

We  regularly  review  our  actual  asset  allocation  for  our  U.K.  plan,  and  will  periodically  rebalance  the 
investments  in  the  plan  to  more  accurately  reflect  the  targeted  allocation.    The  CMRT  trustee  and  investment 
committee  do  not  maintain  a  specific  target  asset  allocation  in  order  to  achieve  their  objectives,  but  instead  they 
periodically  change  the  asset  mix  of  the  CMRT  based  upon,  among  other  things,  advice  they  receive  from  third-
party advisors and their expectations regarding potential returns for various investment alternatives and what asset 
mix will generate the greatest overall return.   

Our assumed long-term rates of return on plan assets for 2011, 2012 and 2013 were as follows:  

United States 
United Kingdom 

2011

2012

2013 

10.0%   
5.8%   

10.0%      
5.8%      

10.0 % 
5.8 % 

We  currently  expect  to  utilize  7.5%  as  the  rate  of  return  on  plan  assets  in  the  United  States  (for  reasons 
discussed in Note 15 to our Consolidated Financial Statements), and the same long-term rate of return on plan asset 
assumptions  in  2014  as  we  used  in  2013  in  the  United  Kingdom  for  purposes  of  determining  the  2014  defined 
benefit pension plan expense.   

To the extent that a plan’s particular pension benefit formula calculates the pension benefit in whole or in 
part  based  upon  future  compensation  levels,  the  projected  benefit  obligations  and  the  pension  expense  would  be 
based  in  part  upon  expected  increases  in  future  compensation  levels.    However,  we  have  no  active  employees 
participating in our defined benefit pension plans.  Such plans are closed to additional participants and assumptions 
regarding future compensation levels are not applicable for our plans.   

In  addition  to  the  actuarial  assumptions  discussed  above,  because  we  maintain  a  defined  benefit  pension 
plan in the U.K., the amount of recognized defined benefit pension expense and the amount of net pension asset and 
net pension liability will vary based upon relative changes in currency exchange rates.   

- 50 - 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
As discussed above, assumed discount rates and rates of return on plan assets are reevaluated annually.  A 
reduction  in  the  assumed  discount  rate  generally  results  in  an  actuarial  loss,  as  the  actuarially-determined  present 
value  of  estimated  future  benefit  payments  will  increase.    Conversely,  an  increase  in  the  assumed  discount  rate 
generally results in an actuarial gain.  In addition, an actual return on plan assets for a given year that is greater than 
the assumed return on plan assets results in an actuarial gain, while an actual return on plan assets that is less than 
the assumed return results in an actuarial loss.  Other actual outcomes that differ from previous assumptions, such as 
individuals  living  longer  or  shorter  than  assumed  in  mortality  tables,  which  are  also  used  to  determine  the 
actuarially-determined  present  value  of  estimated  future  benefit  payments,  changes  in  such  mortality  table 
themselves or plan amendments, will also result in actuarial losses or gains.  These amounts are recognized in other 
comprehensive  income.    In  addition,  any  actuarial  gains  generated  in  future  periods  would  reduce  the  negative 
amortization effect included in earnings of any cumulative unrecognized actuarial losses, while any actuarial losses 
generated in future periods would reduce the favorable amortization effect included in earnings of any cumulative 
unrecognized actuarial gains. 

During  2013,  all  of  our  defined  benefit  pension  plans  generated  a  combined  net  actuarial  gain  of 
approximately $5.3 million.  This actuarial gain resulted primarily from the actual return on plan assets during 2013 
in  excess of  the  expected return  as well  as the  increase  in  the discount  rate  for our U.S. plan from  December 31, 
2012 to December 31, 2013. 

During  2012,  all  of  our  defined  benefit  pension  plans  generated  a  combined  net  actuarial  loss  of 
approximately $.4 million.  This actuarial loss resulted primarily from the general reduction in discount rates from 
December 31, 2011 to December 31, 2012, partially offset by an actual return on plan assets during 2012 in excess 
of the expected return.   

Based  on  the  actuarial  assumptions  described  above  and  our  current  expectation  for  what  actual  average 
currency exchange rates will be during 2014, we expect to recognize defined benefit pension credit of approximately 
$.1 million in 2014.  In comparison, we expect to be required to contribute approximately $1.7 million to such plans 
during 2014.   

As noted above, defined benefit pension expense and the amounts recognized as accrued pension costs are 
based  upon  the  actuarial  assumptions  discussed  above.    We  believe  that  all  of  the  actuarial  assumptions  used  are 
reasonable and appropriate.  However, if we had lowered the assumed discount rate by 25 basis points for all of our 
plans as of December 31, 2013, our aggregate projected benefit obligations would have increased by approximately 
$1.1 million at that date.  Such a change would not materially impact our defined benefit pension income for 2013.  
Similarly, if we lowered the assumed long-term rate of return on plan assets by 25 basis points for all of our plans, 
our defined benefit pension expense would be expected to increase by approximately $.1 million during 2014.   

OPEB plans - We provide certain health care and life insurance benefits for eligible retired employees in 
the U.S.  See Note 15 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.  Under GAAP, OPEB expense and accrued OPEB 
costs  are  based  on  certain  actuarial  assumptions,  principally  the  assumed  discount  rate  and  the  assumed  rate  of 
increases in future health care costs.  We recognize the full unfunded status of our OPEB plans as a liability.   

We  recognized  consolidated  OPEB  income  of  $.6  million  in  each  of  2011  and  2012,  and  $.7  million  in 
2013.  Similar to defined benefit pension benefits, the amount of funding will differ from the expense recognized for 
financial reporting purposes, and contributions to the plans to cover benefit payments aggregated $.5 million in each 
of 2011, 2012 and 2013.  Substantially all of our accrued OPEB cost relates to benefits being paid to retirees and 
their dependents, and no OPEB benefits are being earned by current employees.  As a result, the amount recognized 
for  OPEB  expense  for  financial  reporting  purposes  has  been,  and  is  expected  to  continue  to  be,  significantly  less 
than the amount of OPEB benefit payments made each year.  Accordingly, the amount of accrued OPEB expense is 
expected to decline gradually over time.   

The  assumed  discount  rates  we  utilize  for  determining  OPEB  expense  and  the  related  accrued  OPEB 

obligations are generally based on the same discount rates we utilize for our defined benefit pension plans.   

- 51 - 

 
In  estimating  the  health  care  cost  trend  rate,  we  consider  our  actual  health  care  cost  experience,  future 
benefit structures, industry trends and advice from our third-party actuaries.  In certain cases, we have the right to 
pass on to retirees all or a portion of increases in health care costs.  During each of the past three years, we have 
assumed  that  the  relative  increase  in health  care  costs  will  generally  trend downward over  the next  several  years, 
reflecting,  among  other  things,  assumed  increases  in  efficiency  in  the  health  care  system  and  industry-wide  and 
plan-design cost containment initiatives.  For example, at December 31, 2013 the expected rate of increase in future 
health care costs ranges from 7.0% in 2014, declining to 5.0% in 2018 and thereafter.   

Based on the actuarial assumptions and amended benefit formula described above, we expect to recognize 
consolidated OPEB income of approximately $.7 million in 2014.  In comparison, we expect to be required to make 
approximately $.7 million of contributions to such plans during 2014.   

As noted above, OPEB expense and the amount we recognize as accrued OPEB costs are based upon the 
actuarial  assumptions  discussed  above.    We  believe  that  all  of  the  actuarial  assumptions  used  are  reasonable  and 
appropriate.    If  we  had  lowered  the  assumed  discount  rate  by  25  basis  points  for  all  of  our  OPEB  plans  as  of 
December 31, 2013, our aggregate projected benefit obligations would have increased by less than $.1 million at that 
date,  and  the  change  to  OPEB  expense  would  not  have  been  material  for  2014.    Similarly,  if  the  assumed  future 
health care cost trend rate had been increased by 100 basis points, our accumulated OPEB obligations would have 
increased by $.1 million at December 31, 2013 and the change to OPEB expense would not have been material.   

Non-U.S. Operations  

Kronos  -  Kronos  has  substantial  operations  located  outside  the  United  States  (principally  Europe  and 
Canada)  for  which  the  functional  currency  is  not  the  U.S.  dollar.    As  a  result,  the  reported  amount  of  our  net 
investment in Kronos will fluctuate based upon changes in currency exchange rates.  At December 31, 2013, Kronos 
had substantial net assets denominated in the euro, Canadian dollar, Norwegian krone and British pound sterling.   

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES  
Consolidated cash flows  
Operating activities  

Trends in cash flows from operating activities, excluding the impact of deferred taxes and relative changes 
in  assets  and  liabilities,  are  generally  similar  to  trends  in  our  income  (loss)  from  operations.    Our  Consolidated 
Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012 have not been revised for discontinued 
operations  resulting  from  the  sale  of  CompX's  Furniture  Components  business.    See  Note  2  to  our  Consolidated 
Financial Statements.  Cash flows provided by operating activities decreased from $18.0 million in 2012 to $14.9 
million in 2013.  The $3.1 million decrease in cash provided by operating activities includes the net effects of: 

(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 

the $7.4 million of income from operations in 2012 attributable to CompX’s disposed operations, 
higher  income  from  continuing operations attributable  to CompX’s  continuing operations  in 2013  of 
$3.9 million, 
higher amount of net cash used for relative changes in receivables, inventories, payables and accrued 
liabilities in 2013 of $8.3 million, 
lower cash paid for environmental remediation and related costs in 2013 of $4.8 million,  
lower cash paid for interest in 2013 of $.8 million and 
lower cash paid for income taxes in 2013 of $2.2 million.   

Cash flows provided by operating activities decreased from $48.2 million in 2011 to $18.0 million in 2012.  

The $30.2 million decrease in cash provided by operating activities includes the net effect of:  

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

lower  dividends  received  from  Kronos  in  2012  of  $16.7  million  primarily  due  to  Kronos’  special 
dividend of $.50 per share in 2011,  
lower income from operations attributable to CompX’s continuing operations in 2012 of $1.0 million 
and lower income from operations attributable to CompX’s discontinued operations of $1.7 million,  

- 52 - 

 
(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 
(cid:120) 

higher net corporate expenses in 2012 of $4.0 million,  
lower cash received from insurance recoveries in 2012 of $13.0 million,  
higher  net  cash  provided  by  relative  changes  in  receivables,  inventories,  payables  and  accrued 
liabilities in 2012 of $6.0 million,  
higher cash paid for income taxes in 2012 of $.8 million and  
lower  cash  paid  for  interest  in  2012  of  $1.4  million  due  to  the  interest  payment  on  CompX’s  note 
payable to affiliate in March 2011 which included deferred interest for all of 2010.   

We do not have complete access to CompX’s cash flows in part because we do not own 100% of CompX.  
A  detail  of  our  consolidated  cash  flows  from  operating  activities  is  presented  in  the  table  below.    Intercompany 
dividends have been eliminated.  The reference to NL Parent in the tables below is a reference to NL Industries, Inc., 
as the parent company of CompX and our other wholly-owned subsidiaries.   

2011

Years ended December 31, 
2012
(In millions) 

2013

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: 

CompX 
NL Parent and wholly-owned subsidiaries 
Eliminations 
Total 

$

$

16.0     $
37.6       
(5.4)      
48.2     $

13.8     $ 
9.6    
(5.4)   
18.0     $ 

(4.1)
22.0 
(3.0)
14.9 

Relative changes in working capital can have a significant effect on cash flows from operating activities.  
As shown below, our total average days sales outstanding decreased from December 31, 2012 to December 31, 2013 
primarily as a result of the timing of sales and collections in the last month of 2013 compared to 2012.  Our overall 
December 31,  2013  days  in  inventory  compared  to  December 31,  2012  is  consistent  and  is  in  line  with  our 
expectations.  For comparative purposes, we have provided 2011 numbers below.   

Days sales outstanding 
Days in inventory 

Investing activities  

2011
39 days 
71 days 

2012
40 days 
71 days 

2013 
35 days 
76 days 

Net  cash  provided  by  investing  activities  totaled  $9.8  million  in  2011,  $92.2  million  in  2012,  and  $3.0 
million  in  2013.    Capital  expenditures,  substantially  all  of  which  relate  to  CompX,  have  primarily  emphasized 
improving our manufacturing facilities and investing in manufacturing equipment which utilizes new technologies 
and  increases  automation  of  the  manufacturing  process  to provide  for  increased  productivity  and  efficiency.    The 
significant items impacting cash provided by investing activities are as follows: 

During 2013: 

(cid:120)  we collected $3.0 million in principal payments on a note receivable,  
(cid:120)  we received $1.6 million in net proceeds from the sale of assets held for sale and 
(cid:120)  we reduced restricted cash by $2.0 million due to lower requirements for us to maintain such restricted 

cash balances in connection with our environmental remediation activities. 

During 2012:  

(cid:120)  we  received  $15.6  million  from  the  final  closing  contained  in  a  settlement  agreement  related  to 

condemnation proceedings on certain real property we formerly owned in New Jersey,  

(cid:120)  we sold CompX’s Furniture Components operations for net proceeds of $58.0 million less cash of the 

disposed operations of $5.4 million,  

(cid:120)  we sold our 1.4 million shares of common stock of TIMET for $24.1 million and  

- 53 - 

 
  
 
 
 
  
     
          
    
     
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
(cid:120)  we received $6.8 million in proceeds from the sale of certain real property we owned in North Carolina 

and from the sale of CompX’s assets held for sale which was previously included in assets held for sale.   

During 2011:  

(cid:120)  CompX acquired an ergonomic component products business for $4.8 million and  
(cid:120)  we  collected  the  $15  million  due  to  us  on  our  promissory  note  related  to  the  settlement  of 

condemnation proceedings.   

Financing activities  

Net cash used in financing activities totaled $61.5 million in 2011, $44.1 million in 2012, and $43.3 million 
in 2013.  We paid cash dividends of $24.3 million ($.50 per share) and CompX paid $.8 million in cash dividends to 
noncontrolling interests.  Other financing activities over the past three years include:  

During 2013: 

(cid:120)  CompX  made  $18.5  million  repayments  on  its  outstanding  long-term  debt,  including  the  July  2013 
prepayment of the remaining outstanding principal balance plus accrued interest without penalty.   

During 2012:  

(cid:120)  CompX repaid an aggregate of $3.8 million on its promissory note payable,  
(cid:120)  CompX repaid $2.0 million that was outstanding under its revolving credit facility,  
(cid:120)  we paid an aggregate and final $9.0 million on a promissory note issued in conjunction with a litigation 

settlement and  

(cid:120)  we had net repayments of $4.1 million on our promissory note with Valhi.   

During 2011:  

(cid:120)  CompX repaid $20.0 million in principal payments on its promissory note payable,  
(cid:120)  CompX had net repayments of $.6 million under its revolving credit facility,  
(cid:120)  we paid $9.0 million in 2011 on a promissory note in conjunction with a litigation settlement and  
(cid:120)  we had net repayments of $7.2 million on our promissory note with Valhi.   

Outstanding debt obligations and borrowing availability  

At December 31, 2013, NL and CompX did not have outstanding debt obligations. 

Provisions contained in Kronos’ credit agreements could result in the acceleration of any indebtedness prior 
to  its  stated  maturity  for  reasons  other  than  defaults  from  failure  to  comply  with  typical  financial  or  payment  
covenants.    For  example,  certain  credit  agreements  allow  the  lender  to  accelerate  the  maturity  of  the  indebtedness 
upon a change of control (as defined in the agreement) of the borrower.  In addition, certain credit agreements could 
result  in  the  acceleration  of  all  or  a  portion  of  the  indebtedness  following  a  sale  of  assets  outside  of  the  ordinary 
course of business.   

- 54 - 

 
 
The  terms  of  Kronos’  indebtedness  contain  a  number  of  covenants  and  restrictions  which,  among  other 
things, restrict Kronos’ ability to incur additional debt, incur liens, pay dividends or merge or consolidate with, or 
sell or transfer substantially all of its assets to, another entity, and contains other provisions and restrictive covenants 
customary  in  lending  transactions  of  this  type.    Kronos’  European  revolving  credit  facility  also  requires  the 
maintenance  of  certain  financial  ratios.    At  both  September  30,  2013  and  December  31,  2013,  and  based  on  the 
current  earnings  before  income  tax,  interest,  depreciation  and  amortization  expense  (EBITDA)  of  the  borrowers, 
Kronos  would  not  have  met  the  financial  test  if  the  borrowers  had  any  net  debt  outstanding  at  such  dates.    In 
December 2013, the lenders under the European revolving credit facility granted a waiver until June 30, 2014 with 
respect  to  the  financial  test,  but  Kronos’  ability  to  borrow  any  amounts  under  the  facility  is  subject  to  the 
requirement  that  the  borrowers  maintain  a  specified  level  of  EBITDA.    Kronos  is  in  compliance  with  all  of  its 
respective debt covenants at December 31, 2013, as amended by the waiver with respect to the European revolving 
credit facility discussed above.  We believe that Kronos will be able to comply with its financial covenants through 
their  maturities,  including  the  requirement  to  maintain  a  specified  level  of  EBITDA  with  respect  to  its  European 
revolving credit facility consistent with the waiver; however, if future operating results differ materially from our 
predictions  Kronos  may  be  unable  to  maintain  compliance.    In  such  an  event,  Kronos  believes  it  has  alternate 
sources  of  liquidity,  including  cash  on  hand  and  borrowings  under  its  North  American  revolver  (which  does  not 
contain  any  financial  maintenance  covenants)  in  order  to  adequately  address  any  compliance  issues  which  might 
arise. 

Liquidity  

Our primary source of liquidity on an ongoing basis is our cash flow from operating activities and credit 
facilities with affiliates and banks as further discussed below.  We generally use these amounts to (i) fund capital 
expenditures  (substantially  all  of  which  relate  to  CompX),  (ii) pay  ongoing  environmental  remediation  and  legal 
expenses and (iii) provide for the payment of debt service and dividends.   

At  December  31,  2013,  we  had  aggregate  cash,  cash  equivalents  and  restricted  cash  of  $57.6  million, 

substantially all of which was held in the U.S.  A detail by entity is presented in the table below.   

CompX 
NL Parent and wholly-owned subsidiaries 

Total 

$

$

38.7 
18.9 
57.6 

In addition, at December 31, 2013 we owned 14.4 million shares of Valhi common stock with an aggregate 
market value of $252.7 million.  See Note 6 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.  We also owned 35.2 million 
shares of Kronos common stock at December 31, 2013 with an aggregate market value of $670.9 million.  See Note 
7 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.   

We routinely compare our liquidity requirements and alternative uses of capital against the estimated future 
cash flows we expect to receive from our subsidiaries and affiliates.  As a result of this process, we have in the past 
and may in the future seek to raise additional capital, incur debt, repurchase indebtedness in the market or otherwise, 
modify our dividend policies, consider the sale of our interests in our subsidiaries, affiliates, business, marketable 
securities or other assets, or take a combination of these and other steps, to increase liquidity, reduce indebtedness 
and fund future activities.  Such activities have in the past and may in the future involve related companies.   

We  periodically  evaluate  acquisitions  of  interests  in  or  combinations  with  companies  (including  related 
companies) perceived by management to be undervalued in the marketplace.  These companies may or may not be 
engaged  in  businesses  related  to  our  current  businesses.    We  intend  to  consider  such  acquisition  activities  in  the 
future  and,  in  connection  with  this  activity,  may  consider  issuing  additional  equity  securities  and  increasing 
indebtedness.    From  time  to  time,  we  also  evaluate  the  restructuring  of  ownership  interests  among  our  respective 
subsidiaries and related companies.   

- 55 - 

 
  
 
Based  upon  our  expectations  of  our  operating  performance,  and  the  anticipated  demands  on  our  cash 
resources  we  expect  to  have  sufficient  liquidity  to  meet  our  short-term  obligations  (defined  as  the  twelve-month 
period  ending  December  31,  2014).    If  actual  developments  differ  materially  from  our  expectations,  our  liquidity 
could be adversely affected.  In this regard, Valhi has agreed to loan us up to $40 million on a revolving basis.  At 
December 31, 2013, we had no outstanding borrowings under this facility, and the full $40 million was available for 
future borrowing.  The amount of any such outstanding loan Valhi would make to us is at Valhi’s discretion.  We 
currently do not expect to be required to borrow any material amounts from Valhi during 2014 under this facility. 

Capital expenditures  

Capital expenditures, substantially all of which relate to CompX, were $3.3 million in 2011, $4.6 million in 
2012,  and  $3.5  million  in  2013.    Capital  expenditures  have  primarily  emphasized  improvements  to  CompX’s 
manufacturing facilities and investments in manufacturing equipment, which utilize new technologies and increase 
automation of the manufacturing process to provide for increased productivity and efficiency.  Capital expenditures 
for  2011  and  2012  include  amounts  attributable  to  our  disposed  operations.    Approximately  $.6  million    and  $.8 
million  of  our  2012  and  2013  capital  expenditures,  respectively,  relates  to  the  implementation  of  a  new 
manufacturing  and  accounting  system  for  our  Security  Products  and  Marine  Components  operations  that  was 
implemented  in  January  of  2014.    Our  capital  expenditures  over  all  three  years  were  primarily  related  to 
expenditures  required  to  meet  expected  customer  demand  and  properly  maintain  our  facilities  and  technology 
infrastructure.  Capital spending for 2014 is expected to be funded through cash on hand and cash generated from 
operations  and  relates  to  expenditures  required  to  meet  expected  customer  demand  and  properly  maintain  our 
facilities and technology infrastructure. 

Dividends  

Because our operations are conducted primarily through subsidiaries and affiliates, our long-term ability to 
meet  parent  company-level  corporate  obligations  is  largely  dependent  on  the  receipt  of  dividends  or  other 
distributions  from  our  subsidiaries  and  affiliates.    In  May  2013,  CompX’s  board  of  directors  reduced  its  regular 
quarterly dividend from $.125 per share to $0.05 per share, effective with its second quarter 2013 dividend.  A detail of 
annual dividends we expect to receive from our subsidiaries and affiliates in 2014, based on the number of shares of 
common stock of these affiliates we own as of December 31, 2013 and their current regular quarterly dividend rate, 
is presented in the table below.   

Kronos 
CompX 
Valhi 

Total expected annual dividends 

Shares held at 
December 31, 2013
(In millions)
35.2 
10.8 
14.4 

Quarterly
dividend rate

     $

     $ 

.15 
.05 
.05 

Annual expected
dividend 
(In thousands)
21.1  
2.2  
2.9  
26.2  

     $ 

Investments in our subsidiaries and affiliates and other acquisitions  

We have in the past and may in the future, purchase the securities of our subsidiaries and affiliates or third-
parties  in  market  or  privately-negotiated  transactions.    We  base  our  purchase  decisions  on  a  variety  of  factors, 
including an analysis of the optimal use of our capital, taking into account the market value of the securities and the 
relative value of expected returns on alternative investments.  In connection with these activities, we may consider 
issuing  additional  equity  securities  or  increasing  our  indebtedness.    We  may  also  evaluate  the  restructuring  of 
ownership interests of our businesses among our subsidiaries and related companies.   

- 56 - 

 
 
  
  
 
 
 
      
       
 
      
       
    
        
Summary of other contractual commitments  

As more fully described in the notes to our Consolidated Financial Statements, we are party to various lease 
and other agreements which contractually and unconditionally commit us to pay certain amounts in the future.  See 
Notes 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.  The following table summarizes our contractual commitments 
as of December 31, 2013 by the type and date of payment.   

Contractual commitment 

Operating leases 
Purchase obligations 
Fixed asset acquisitions 
Other 

Payment due date 

2014

2015/2016 2017/2018  
(In millions)

2019 
and after 

Total

   $

  $

.1   $
16.3  
.4  
1.0  
17.8 $

.2   $
-
-
2.0  
2.2 $

-    $ 
-     
-     
-     
-   $ 

-    $
-     
-     
-     
-    $

.3 
16.3
.4
3.0
20.0

The amount shown for our commitments related to operating leases and fixed asset acquisitions are based 
upon  the  contractual  payment  amount  and  the  contractual  payment  date  for  such  commitments.    The  timing  and 
amount  shown  for  raw  material  and  other  purchase  obligations,  which  consist  of  all  open  purchase  orders  and 
contractual obligations (primarily commitments to purchase raw materials) is also based on the contractual payment 
amount  and  the  contractual  payment  date  for  such  commitments.    Fixed  asset  acquisitions  include  firm  purchase 
commitments for capital projects.   

The above table does not reflect any amounts that we might pay to fund our defined benefit pension and 
OPEB plans, as the timing and amount of any such future fundings are unknown and dependent on, among other 
things,  the  future  performance  of  defined  benefit  pension  plan  assets,  interest  rate  assumptions  and  actual  future 
retiree  medical  costs.    We  expect  to  fund  an  aggregate  of  $2.3  million  to  our  defined  benefit  pension  and  OPEB 
plans during 2014, as discussed in further detail above.   

The  above  table  also  does  not  reflect  any  amounts  that  we  might  pay  to  settle  any  of  our  uncertain  tax 
positions,  as  the  timing  and  amount  of  any  such  future  settlements  are  unknown  and  dependent  on,  among  other 
things, the timing of tax audits.  See Note 14 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.   

Commitments and contingencies  

We  are  subject  to  certain  commitments  and  contingencies,  as  more  fully  described  in  Note  18  to  our 
Consolidated Financial Statements or in Part I, Item 3 of this report.  In addition to those legal proceedings described 
in Note 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements, various legislation and administrative regulations have, from 
time to time, been proposed that seek to (i) impose various obligations on present and former manufacturers of lead 
pigment and lead-based paint (including us) with respect to asserted health concerns associated with the use of such 
products  and  (ii) effectively  overturn  court  decisions  in  which  we  and  other  pigment  manufacturers  have  been 
successful.  Examples of such proposed legislation include bills which would permit civil liability for damages on 
the basis of  market  share,  rather  than requiring  plaintiffs  to prove  that  the  defendant’s product  caused  the  alleged 
damage and bills which would revive actions barred by the statute of limitations.  While no legislation or regulations 
have been enacted to date that are expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, 
results of operations or liquidity, enactment of such legislation could have such an effect.   

Off balance sheet financing arrangements  

Other than operating lease commitments disclosed in Note 18 to our Consolidated Financial Statements, we 

are not party to any material off-balance sheet financing arrangements.   

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ITEM 7A.  QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK  

General  -  We  are  exposed  to  market  risk  from  changes  in  currency  exchange  rates,  interest  rates,  raw 

materials and equity security prices.   

Marketable  security  prices  -  We  are  exposed  to  market  risk  due  to  changes  in  prices  of  the  marketable 
securities which we own.  The fair value of our equity securities at December 31, 2012 and 2013 was $179.6 million 
and $252.7 million, respectively.  The potential change in the aggregate fair value of these investments, assuming a 
10% change in prices, would be $18.0 million and $25.3 million at December 31, 2012 and 2013, respectively.   

Raw materials - CompX will occasionally enter into short-term raw material arrangements to mitigate the 
impact of future increases in raw material costs.  Otherwise, we generally do not have long-term supply agreements 
for our raw material requirements because either we believe the risk of unavailability of those raw materials is low 
and we believe the price to be stable or because long-term supply agreements for those materials are generally not 
available.  We do not engage in commodity hedging programs.   

Other - The above discussion and sensitivity analysis presented above include forward-looking statements 
of  market  risk  which  assume  hypothetical  changes  in  market  prices.    Actual  future  market  conditions  will  likely 
differ materially from such assumptions.  Accordingly, such forward-looking statements should not be considered to 
be  projections  of  future  events,  gains  or  losses.    Such  forward-looking  statements  are  subject  to  certain  risks  and 
uncertainties some of which are listed in “Business." 

ITEM 8. 

 FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA  

The information called for by this Item is contained in a separate section of this Annual Report.  See “Index 

of Financial Statements” (page F-1).   

ITEM 9. 

 CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE  

None  

ITEM 9A. 
Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures  

 CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES  

We  maintain  a  system  of  disclosure  controls  and  procedures.    The  term  “disclosure  controls  and 
procedures,” as defined by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e), means controls and other procedures that are designed to 
ensure that information required to be disclosed in the reports that we file or submit to the SEC under the Securities 
Exchange  Act  of  1934,  as  amended  (the  Act),  is  recorded,  processed,  summarized  and  reported,  within  the  time 
periods  specified  in  the  SEC’s  rules  and  forms.    Disclosure  controls  and  procedures  include,  without  limitation, 
controls  and  procedures  designed  to  ensure  that  information  we  are  required  to  disclose  in  the  reports  we  file  or 
submit  to  the  SEC  under  the  Act  is  accumulated  and  communicated  to  our  management,  including  our  principal 
executive officer and our principal financial officer, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow 
timely decisions to be made regarding required disclosure.  Each of Robert D. Graham, our Vice Chairman of the 
Board,  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Gregory  M.  Swalwell,  our  Executive  Vice  President  and  Chief 
Financial  Officer,  have  evaluated  the  design  and  effectiveness  of  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  as  of 
December 31,  2013.    Based  upon  their  evaluation,  these  executive  officers  have  concluded  that  our  disclosure 
controls and procedures are effective as of December 31, 2013.  

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Scope of management report on internal control over financial reporting  

We  also  maintain  internal  control  over  financial  reporting.    The  term  “internal  control  over  financial 
reporting,” as defined by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f) means a process designed by, or under the supervision of, 
our principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected by the 
board  of  directors,  management  and  other  personnel,  to  provide  reasonable  assurance  regarding  the  reliability  of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP, and 
includes those policies and procedures that:  

(cid:121)  pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that  in  reasonable  detail  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the 

transactions and dispositions of our assets,  

(cid:121)  provide  reasonable  assurance  that  transactions  are  recorded  as  necessary  to  permit  preparation  of 
financial statements in accordance with GAAP, and that receipts and expenditures are being made only 
in accordance with authorizations of management and directors and  

(cid:121)  provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of an unauthorized acquisition, 
use or disposition of assets that could have a material effect on our Consolidated Financial Statements.   

Section 404  of  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  of  2002,  requires  us  to  include  a  management  report  on  internal 
control over financial reporting in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013.  Our 
independent registered public accounting firm is also required to annually attest to our internal control over financial 
reporting.   

As permitted by the SEC, our assessment of internal control over financial reporting excludes (i) internal 
control  over  financial  reporting  of  equity  method  investees  and  (ii) internal  control  over  the  preparation  of  our 
financial  statement  schedules  required  by  Article  12  of  Regulation  S-X.    However,  our  assessment  of  internal 
control over financial reporting with respect to equity method investees did include controls over the recording of 
amounts related to our investment that are recorded in the consolidated financial statements, including controls over 
the selection of accounting methods for our investments, the recognition of equity method earnings and losses and 
the determination, valuation and recording of our investment account balances.   

Changes in internal control over financial reporting  

There  has  been  no  change  to  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  during  the  quarter  ended 
December 31, 2013 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over 
financial reporting.   

Management’s report on internal control over financial reporting  

Our  management  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting,  as  such  term  is  defined  in  Exchange  Act  Rules  13a-15(f)  and  15d-15(f).    Our  evaluation  of  the 
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting is based upon the criteria established in Internal Control – 
Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 1992 
(commonly referred to as the “1992 COSO” framework).  Based on our evaluation under that framework, we have 
concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2013.   

PricewaterhouseCoopers  LLP,  the  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm  that  has  audited  our 
consolidated  financial  statements  included  in  this  Annual  Report,  has  audited  the  effectiveness  of  our  internal 
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2013, as stated in their report, which is included in this Annual 
Report on Form 10-K.   

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Certifications  

Our chief executive officer is required to annually file a certification with the New York Stock Exchange 
(NYSE), certifying our compliance with the corporate governance listing standards of the NYSE.  During 2013, our 
chief executive officer filed such annual certification with the NYSE.  The 2013 certification was unqualified.   

Our  chief  executive officer and  chief financial  officer  are  also required to,  among other  things, quarterly 
file  certifications  with  the  SEC  regarding  the  quality  of  our  public  disclosures,  as  required  by  Section 302  of  the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.  We have filed the certifications for the quarter ended December 31, 2013 as Exhibits 
31.1 and 31.2 to this Annual Report on Form 10-K.   

ITEM 9B. 

 OTHER INFORMATION  

Not applicable  

- 60 - 

 
 
 
 
PART III  

ITEM 10. 

DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.   

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our 2013 definitive proxy statement 
to be filed with the SEC pursuant to Regulation 14A within 120 days after the end of the fiscal year covered by this 
report.   

ITEM 11. 

EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.   

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our 2014 proxy statement.   

ITEM 12. 

SECURITY  OWNERSHIP  OF  CERTAIN  BENEFICIAL  OWNERS  AND  MANAGEMENT 
AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.   

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our 2014 proxy statement.   

ITEM 13. 

CERTAIN  RELATIONSHIPS  AND  RELATED  TRANSACTIONS,  AND  DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE.   

The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our 2014 proxy statement.  See also 

Note 16 to our Consolidated Financial Statements.   

ITEM 14. 

PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES.   

The Information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to our 2014 proxy statement.   

PART IV  

ITEM 15. 

EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES  

(a)  

and (c) Financial Statements  

The Registrant  

The consolidated financial statements of the Registrant listed on the accompanying Index of Financial 
Statements (see page F-1) are filed as part of this Annual Report.   
50%-or-less persons  

The consolidated financial statements of Kronos (30%-owned at December 31, 2013) are incorporated 
by  reference  in  Exhibit  99.1  of  this  Annual  Report  pursuant  to  Rule  3-09  of  Regulation  S-X.  
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting of Kronos is not included as part of 
Exhibit  99.1.    The  Registrant  is  not  required  to  provide  any  other  consolidated  financial  statements 
pursuant to Rule 3-09 of Regulation S-X.   

(b) 

Exhibits  

We have included as exhibits the items listed in the Exhibit Index.  We will furnish a copy of any of the 
exhibits  listed  below  upon  payment  of  $4.00  per  exhibit  to  cover  our  cost  to  furnish  the  exhibits.  
Pursuant to Item 601(b)(4)(iii) of Regulation S-K, any instrument defining the rights of holders of long-
term debt issues and other agreements related to indebtedness which do not exceed 10% of consolidated 
total assets as of December 31, 2013 will be furnished to the Commission upon request.   

We  will  also  furnish,  without  charge,  a  copy  of  our  amended  and  restated  Code  of  Business  Conduct 
and  Ethics,  as  adopted  by  the  board  of  directors  on  February 15,  2013,  upon  request.    Such  requests 
should be directed to the attention of our Corporate Secretary at our corporate offices located at 5430 
LBJ Freeway, Suite 1700, Dallas, Texas 75240.   

- 61 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item No.     

Exhibit Index 

3.1 

3.2 

10.1 

10.2 

10.3 

10.4 

10.5 

10.6 

10.7 

10.8 

10.9 

10.10 

10.11 

Certificate of Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation dated May 22, 2008 - incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 1 to the Registrant’s Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A (File No. 001-00640) 
for the annual meeting held on May 21, 2008. 

Amended and Restated Bylaws of NL Industries, Inc. as of May 23, 2008 - incorporated by reference 
to  Exhibit  3.1  of  the  Registrant’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  (File  No.  001-00640)  filed  with  the 
U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on May 23, 2008. 

Lease  Contract  dated  June  21,  1952,  between  Farbenfabriken  Bayer  Aktiengesellschaft  and 
Titangesellschaft mit beschrankter Haftung (German language version and English translation thereof) 
- incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 
001-00640) for the year ended December 31, 1985. 

Formation Agreement dated as of October 18, 1993 among Tioxide Americas Inc., Kronos Louisiana, 
Inc.  and  Louisiana  Pigment  Company,  L.P.  -  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.2  to  the 
Registrant’s  Quarterly  Report  on  Form  10-Q  (File  No.  001-00640)  for  the  quarter  ended  September 
30, 1993. 

Joint  Venture  Agreement  dated  as  of  October  18,  1993  between  Tioxide  Americas  Inc.  and  Kronos 
Louisiana,  Inc.  -  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.3  to  the  Registrant’s  Quarterly  Report  on 
Form 10-Q (File No. 001-00640) for the quarter ended September 30, 1993. 

Kronos  Offtake  Agreement  dated  as  of  October  18,  1993  between  Kronos  Louisiana,  Inc.  and 
Louisiana  Pigment  Company,  L.P.  -  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.4  to  the  Registrant’s 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-00640) for the quarter ended September 30, 1993. 

Amendment  No.  1  to  Kronos  Offtake  Agreement  dated  as  of  December  20,  1995  between  Kronos 
Louisiana, Inc. and Louisiana Pigment Company, L.P.  - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.22 to 
the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-00640) for the year ended December 31, 
1995. 

Tioxide  Americas  Offtake  Agreement  dated  as  of  October  18,  1993  between  Tioxide  Americas  Inc. 
and Louisiana Pigment Company, L.P.  - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Registrant’s 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-00640) for the quarter ended September 30, 1993. 

Amendment No.  1 to Tioxide Americas Offtake Agreement dated as of December 20, 1995 between 
Tioxide Americas Inc. and Louisiana Pigment Company, L.P. - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.24  to  the  Registrant’s  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  (File  No.  001-00640)  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 1995. 

Parents’ Undertaking dated as of October 18, 1993 between ICI American Holdings Inc. and Kronos 
Worldwide,  Inc.  (f/k/a  Kronos,  Inc.)  -  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.9  to  the  Registrant’s 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-00640) for the quarter ended September 30, 1993. 

Allocation  Agreement  dated  as  of  October  18,  1993  between  Tioxide  Americas  Inc.,  ICI  American 
Holdings, Inc., Kronos Worldwide, Inc. (f/k/a Kronos, Inc.). and Kronos Louisiana, Inc. - incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to the Registrant’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-00640) 
for the quarter ended September 30, 1993. 

Form of Assignment and Assumption Agreement, dated as of January 1, 1999, between Kronos Inc. 
(formerly known as Kronos (USA), Inc.) and Kronos International, Inc. - incorporated by reference to 
Exhibit  10.9  to  Kronos  International,  Inc.’s  Registration  Statement  on  Form  S-4  (File  No.  333-
100047). 

Form  of  Cross  License  Agreement,  effective  as  of  January  1,  1999,  between  Kronos  Inc.  (formerly 
known as Kronos (USA), Inc.) and Kronos International, Inc. - incorporated by reference to Exhibit to 
Kronos International, Inc.’s Registration Statement on Form S-4 (File No. 333-100047). 

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Item No.     

Exhibit Index 

10.12 

10.13 

10.14 

10.15 

10.16 

10.17 

10.18 

Euro 80,000,000 Facility Agreement, dated June 25, 2002, among Kronos Titan GmbH & Co. OHG, 
Kronos Europe S.A./N.V., Kronos Titan A/S and Titania A/S, as borrowers, Kronos Titan GmbH & 
Co. OHG, Kronos Europe S.A./N.V. and Kronos Norge AS, as guarantors, Kronos Denmark ApS, as 
security provider, Deutsche Bank AG, as mandated lead arranger, Deutsche Bank Luxembourg S.A., 
as agent and security agent, and KBC Bank NV, as fronting bank, and the financial institutions listed 
in Schedule 1 thereto, as lenders - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on 
Form 10-Q of NL Industries, Inc. (File No. 001-00640) for the quarter ended June 30, 2002. 

First Amendment Agreement, dated September 3, 2004, Relating to a Facility Agreement dated June 
25, 2002 among Kronos Titan GmbH, Kronos Europe S.A./N.V., Kronos Titan AS and Titania A/S, as 
borrowers,  Kronos  Titan  GmbH,  Kronos  Europe  S.A./N.V.  and  Kronos  Norge  AS,  as  guarantors, 
Kronos Denmark ApS, as security provider, with Deutsche Bank Luxembourg S.A., acting as agent -
incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.8  to  the  Registration  Statement  on  Form  S-1  of  Kronos 
Worldwide, Inc. (File No. 333-119639). 

Second Amendment Agreement Relating to a Facility Agreement dated June 25, 2002 executed as of 
June  14,  2005  by  and  among  Deutsche  Bank  AG,  as  mandated  lead  arranger,  Deutsche  Bank 
Luxembourg S.A. as agent, the participating lenders, Kronos Titan GmbH, Kronos Europe S.A./N.V, 
Kronos  Titan  AS,  Kronos  Norge  AS,  Titania  AS  and  Kronos  Denmark  ApS  -  incorporated  by 
reference  to  Exhibit  10.3  to  the  Annual  report  on  Form  10-K  (File  No.  333-100047)  of  Kronos 
International, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2009. 

Third  Amendment  Agreement  Relating  to  a  Facility  Agreement  dated  June  25,  2002  executed  as  of 
May  26,  2008  by  and  among  Deutsche  Bank  AG,  as  mandated  lead  arranger,  Deutsche  Bank 
Luxembourg S.A., as agent, the participating lenders, Kronos Titan GmbH, Kronos Europe S.A.,/N.V, 
Kronos  Titan  AS,  Kronos  Norge  AS,  Titania  AS  and  Kronos  Denmark  ApS  -  incorporated  by 
reference  to  Exhibit  10.4  to  the  Annual  report  on  Form  10-K  (File  No.  333-100047)  of  Kronos 
International, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2009. 

Fourth Amendment Agreement Relating to a Facility Agreement dated June 25, 2002 executed as of 
September  15,  2009  by  and  among  Deutsche  Bank  AG,  as  mandated  lead  arranger,  Deutsche  Bank 
Luxembourg S.A., as agent, the participating lenders, Kronos Titan GmbH, Kronos Europe S.A./N.V., 
Kronos  Titan  AS,  Kronos  Norge  AS,  Titania  AS  and  Kronos  Denmark  ApS  -  incorporated  by 
reference  to  Exhibit  10.5  to  the  Annual  report  on  Form  10-K  (File  No.  333-100047)  of  Kronos 
International, Inc. for the year ended December 31, 2009. 

Fifth  Amendment  Agreement  Relating  to  a  Facility  Agreement  dated  June  25,  2002  executed  as  of 
October  28,  2010  by  and  among  Deutsche  Bank  AG,  as  mandated  lead  arranger,  Deutsche  Bank 
Luxembourg S.A., as agent, the participating lenders, Kronos Titan GmbH, Kronos Europe S.A./N.V., 
Kronos  Titan  AS,  Kronos  Norge  AS,  Titania  AS  and  Kronos  Denmark  ApS  -  incorporated  by 
reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  to  the  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  of  Kronos  International,  Inc.  dated 
October 28, 2010 (File No. 333-100047). 

Sixth  Amendment  Agreement  Relating  to  a  Facility  Agreement  dated  June  25,  2002  executed  as  of 
September  27,  2012  by  and  among  Deutsche  Bank  AG,  as  mandated  lead  arranger,  Deutsche  Bank 
Luxembourg S.A., as agent, the participating lenders, Kronos Titan GmbH, Kronos Europe S.A./N.V, 
Kronos  Titan  AS,  Titania  AS,  Kronos  Norge  AS,  and  Kronos  Denmark  ApS  -  incorporated  by 
reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Kronos Worldwide, Inc. Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-
31763) filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission on October 3, 2012. 

10.19 

Credit  Agreement,  dated  June  13,  2012,  by  and  among  Kronos  Worldwide,  Inc.  and  Wells  Fargo 
Bank, National Association - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Kronos Worldwide, Inc. 
Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-31763) dated June 13, 2012 and filed on June 18, 2012. 

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Item No.     

Exhibit Index 

10.20 

10.21 

10.22 

10.23 

10.24 

10.25 

10.26 

10.27 

10.28 

10.29 

Guaranty  and  Security  Agreement,  dated  June  13,  2012,  among  Kronos  Worldwide,  Inc.,  Kronos 
Louisiana,  Inc.,  Kronos  (US),  Inc.,  Kronos  International,  Inc.  and  Wells  Fargo  Bank,  National 
Association - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 
001-31763) of Kronos Worldwide, Inc. dated June 13, 2012 and filed on June 18, 2012. 

Intercreditor Agreement dated as of June 18, 2012, by and between Wells Fargo Capital Finance and 
Wells  Fargo  Bank,  National  Association,  and  acknowledged  by  Kronos  Worldwide,  Inc.,  Kronos 
Louisiana,  Inc.  and  Kronos  (US),  Inc.  -  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.3  to  the  Current 
Report on Form 8-K/A (File No. 001-31763) of Kronos Worldwide, Inc. dated June 13, 2012 and filed 
on June 19, 2012. 

Credit  Agreement,  dated  February  18,  2014,  by  and  among  Kronos  Worldwide,  Inc.  and  Deutsche 
Bank AG New York Branch - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Current Report on Form 
8-K (File No. 001-31763) of Kronos Worldwide, Inc. dated February 18, 2014 and filed on February 
18, 2014. 

Guaranty and Security Agreement, dated February 18, 2014, among Kronos Worldwide, Inc., Kronos 
Louisiana,  Inc.,  Kronos  (US),  Inc.,  Kronos  International,  Inc.  and  Deutsche  Bank  AG  New  York 
Branch - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-
31763) of Kronos Worldwide, Inc. dated February 18, 2014 and filed on February 18, 2014. 

Intercreditor Agreement dated as of February 18, 2014, by and between Wells Fargo Capital Finance 
and  Deutsche  Bank  AG  New  York  Branch,  and  acknowledged  by  Kronos  Worldwide,  Inc.,  Kronos 
Louisiana,  Inc.  and  Kronos  (US),  Inc.  -  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.3  to  the  Current 
Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-31763) of Kronos Worldwide, Inc. dated February 18, 2014 and 
filed on February 18, 2014. 

$50,000,000  Credit  Agreement  between  CompX  International  Inc.  and  Wachovia  Bank,  National 
Association,  as  Agent  and  various  lending  institutions  dated  December  23,  2005  -  incorporated  by 
reference  to  Exhibit  10.9  of CompX  International Inc.’s Form  10-K  (File  No.  1-13905)  for  the  year 
ended December 31, 2009. 

First Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of October 16, 2007 among CompX International Inc., 
CompX  Security  Products,  Inc.,  CompX Precision  Slides Inc.,  CompX Marine  Inc.,  Custom  Marine 
Inc., Livorsi Marine Inc., Wachovia Bank, National Association for itself and as administrative agent 
for  Compass  Bank  and  Comerica  Bank  -  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.3  of  CompX 
International Inc.’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-13905) filed on October 22, 2007. 

Second Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of January 15, 2009 among CompX International 
Inc.,  CompX  Security  Products  Inc.,  CompX  Precision  Slides  Inc.,  CompX  Marine  Inc.,  Custom 
Marine  Inc.,  Livorsi  Marine  Inc.,  Wachovia  Bank,  National  Association  for  itself  and  as 
administrative  agent  for  Compass  Bank  and  Comerica  Bank  -  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit 
10.1 of CompX International Inc.’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-13905) filed on January 21, 2009. 

Third  Amendment  to  Credit  Agreement  dated  as  of  September  21,  2009  by  and  among  CompX 
International Inc., CompX Security Products Inc., CompX Precision Slides Inc., CompX Marine Inc., 
Custom Marine Inc., Livorsi Marine Inc., Wachovia Bank, National Association and Comerica Bank -
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of CompX International Inc.’s Form 8-K (File No. 1-13905) 
filed on September 24, 2009. 

Fourth Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of May 10, 2010 among CompX International Inc., 
CompX  Security  Products  Inc.,  CompX  Precision  Slides  Inc.,  CompX  Marine  Inc.,  Custom  Marine 
Inc.,  Livorsi  Marine,  Inc.,  Wells  Fargo  Bank,  National  Association,  as  successor-by-merger  to 
Wachovia  Bank,  National  Association  and  Comerica  Bank  -  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit 
10.10 of CompX International Inc.’s Form 8-K filed on May 19, 2010 (File No. 1-13905). 

- 64 - 

 
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
Item No.     

Exhibit Index 

10.30 

10.31 

10.32 

10.33 

10.34 * 

10.35 * 

10.36 * 

10.37 

10.38 

10.39 

10.40 

10.41 

10.42 

Fifth  Amendment  to  Credit  Agreement  dated  as  of  July  26,  2011  among  CompX  International  Inc., 
CompX  Security  Products  Inc.,  CompX  Precision  Slides  Inc.,  CompX  Marine  Inc.,  Custom  Marine 
Inc., Livorsi Marine, Inc., Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, and Comerica Bank - incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of CompX International Inc.’s Form 10-Q filed on August 2, 2011 (File 
No. 1-13905). 

Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of January 13, 2012 between CompX International 
Inc.  and  Wells  Fargo  Bank,  National  Association  -  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  of 
CompX  International  Inc.’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  filed  on  January  17,  2012  (File  No.  1-
13905). 

Credit Agreement Termination Letter dated December 29, 2012 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
10.2 of of the CompX International Inc.’s Form 8-K filed on January 4, 2013 (File No. 1-13905). 

Securities  Purchase  Agreement  by  and  among  CompX  International  Inc.,  CompX  Asia  Holding 
Corporation,  Knape  &  Vogt  Canada  Inc.  and  GSlide  Corporation  dated  December  28,  2012  -
incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.1  of  the  CompX  International  Inc.’s  Form  8-K  filed  on 
January 4, 2013 (File No. 1-13905). 

Kronos  Worldwide,  Inc.  2012  Director  Stock  Plan  -  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  4.4  of 
Kronos Worldwide, Inc. Registration statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-113425). Filed on May 31, 
2012. 

CompX  International  Inc.  2012  Director  Stock  Plan  -  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.2  of 
CompX  International  Inc.’s  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  (File  No.  001-00640)  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012. 

NL Industries, Inc. 2012 Director Stock Plan - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 of Registrant’s 
statement on Form S-8 (File No. 001-00640) Filed on May 31, 2012. 

Insurance  Sharing  Agreement,  effective  January  1,  1990,  by  and  between  the  Registrant,  NL 
Insurance, Ltd. (an indirect subsidiary of Tremont Corporation) and Baroid Corporation - incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-00640) 
for the year ended December 31, 1991. 

Insurance  Sharing  Agreement  dated  October  30,  2003  by  and  among  CompX  International  Inc., 
Contran  Corporation,  Keystone  Consolidated  Industries,  Inc.,  Kronos  Worldwide,  Inc.,  Titanium 
Metals Corp., Valhi, Inc. and NL Industries, Inc. - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.48 to the 
Registrant’s  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  (File  No.  001-00640)  for  the  year  ended  December  31, 
2003. 

Intercorporate Services Agreement by and between Contran Corporation and Kronos Worldwide, Inc. 
- incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Kronos Worldwide, Inc. Quarterly Report on Form 
10-Q (File No. 001-31763) for the quarter ended March 31, 2004. 

Intercorporate  Services  Agreement  between  CompX  International  Inc.  and  Contran  Corporation 
effective as of January 1, 2004 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the CompX International 
Inc.  Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 1-13905) for the year ended December 31, 2003. 

Intercorporate  Services  Agreement  by  and  between  Contran  Corporation  and  NL  Industries,  Inc. 
effective as of January 1, 2004 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the NL Industries, Inc. 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 001-00640) for the quarter ended March 31, 2004. 

Amended  and  Restated  Tax  Agreement  between  Valhi,  Inc.  and  Kronos  Worldwide,  Inc.  -
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Annual Report on Form 10-K of Kronos Worldwide, 
Inc. (File No. 001-31763) for the year ended December 31, 2012. 

- 65 - 

 
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Item No.     

Exhibit Index 

10.43 

10.44 

Amended  and  Restated  Tax  Agreement  among  NL  Industries,  Inc.,  Valhi,  Inc.  and  Contran 
Corporation  effective  December  1,  2012  incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  10.40  to  the  annual 
Report on Form 10-K (File No. 001-00640) of the Registrant for the year ended December 31, 2012. 

Sixth  Amended  and  Restated  Unsecured  Revolving  Demand  Promissory  Note  dated  December  31,
2013  in  the  original  principal  amount  of  $100.0  million  executed  by  Valhi,  Inc.  and  payable  to  the 
order of Kronos Worldwide, Inc. incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to the Current Report on 
Form 10-K to the Kronos Worldwide, Inc. 

10.45 ** 

Fourth Amended  and  Restated Unsecured Revolving Demand  Promissory Note  dated December 31, 
2013 in the original principal amount of $40.0 million executed by NL Industries, Inc. and payable to 
the order of Valhi, Inc. 

10.46 

10.47 

Unsecured Term Loan Promissory Note dated February 15, 2013 in the original principal amount of 
$290 million executed by Kronos Worldwide, Inc. and payable to the order of Contran Corporation -
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 of the Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 001-31763) of 
Kronos Worldwide, Inc. dated February 15, 2013. 

Restated  and  Amended  Agreement  by  and  between  Richards  Bay  Titanium  (Proprietary)  Limited 
(acting  through  its  sales  agent  Rio  Tinto  Iron  &  Titanium  Limited)  and  Kronos  (US),  Inc.  effective 
January 1, 2012 - incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of 
Kronos Worldwide, Inc. (File No. 001-31763) for the quarter ended March 31, 2013. 

21.1 ** 

Subsidiaries of the Registrant. 

23.1 ** 

Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP with respect to NL’s consolidated financial statements. 

23.2 ** 

Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP with respect to Kronos’ consolidated financial statements. 

31.1 ** 

Certification 

31.2 ** 

Certification 

32.1 ** 

Certification 

99.1 

Consolidated financial statements of Kronos Worldwide, Inc. - incorporated by reference to Kronos’ 
Annual Report on Form 10-K (File No. 1-31763) for the year ended December 31, 2013. 

101.INS **    

XBRL Instance Document 

101.SCH **   

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema 

101.CAL **   

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase 

101.DEF **   

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase 

101.LAB **   

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase 

101.PRE **   
*  Management contract, compensatory plan or arrangement.   
** 

Filed herewith  

- 66 - 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant 

has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.   

SIGNATURES  

NL Industries, Inc. 
(Registrant) 

By:  /s/ Robert D. Graham 

Robert D. Graham, March 12, 2014 
(Vice Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer) 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by 

the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated:  

/s/ Steven L. Watson 
Steven L. Watson, March 12, 2014 
(Chairman of the Board)  

/s/ Thomas P.  Stafford 
Thomas P.  Stafford, March 12, 2014 
(Director) 

/s/ Loretta J. Feehan 
Loretta J. Feehan, March 12, 2014 
(Director) 

/s/ Tim C.  Hafer 
Tim C.  Hafer, March 12, 2014 
(Vice President and Controller, 
Principal Accounting Officer) 

   /s/ Robert D. Graham 
   Robert D. Graham, March 12, 2014 
   (Vice Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer) 

   /s/ C.  H.  Moore, Jr. 
   C.  H.  Moore, Jr., March 12, 2014 
   (Director) 

/s/ Terry N.  Worrell 

   Terry N.  Worrell, March 12, 2014 
   (Director) 

   /s/ Gregory M.  Swalwell 
   Gregory M.  Swalwell, March 12, 2014 

(Executive Vice President and  
Chief Financial Officer, Principal Financial Officer) 

- 67 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
NL Industries, Inc.  
Annual Report on Form 10-K  
Items 8, 15(a) and 15(c)  
Index of Financial Statements  

Financial Statements 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Consolidated Balance Sheets - December 31, 2012 and 2013 

Consolidated Statements of Operations - Years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) - Years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 

2013 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity - Years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Years  ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 

Notes to Consolidated Financial  Statements 

Page

F-2

F-3

F-5

F-7

F-8

F-9

F-11

All  financial  statement  schedules  have  been  omitted  either  because  they  are  not  applicable  or  required,  or  the 
information that would be required to be included is disclosed in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.  

F-1 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
NL INDUSTRIES, INC.  AND SUBSIDIARIES  

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
(In thousands, except per share data)  

Current assets: 

ASSETS

Cash and cash equivalents 
Restricted cash and cash equivalents 
Accounts and other receivables, net 
Receivable from affiliates 
Inventories, net 
Prepaid expenses and other 
Deferred income taxes 

Total current assets 

Other assets: 

Marketable securities 
Investment in Kronos Worldwide, Inc. 
Goodwill 
Other assets, net 
Deferred income taxes 

Total other assets 

Property and equipment: 

Land 
Buildings 
Equipment 
Construction in progress 

Less accumulated depreciation 

Net property and equipment 

December 31,

2012 

2013

$

77,987     $
5,354       
12,049       
-       
11,223       
1,769       
4,271       

52,609  
3,343  
10,517  
115  
13,235  
809  
3,786  

112,653       

84,414  

179,662       
323,128       
27,156       
3,854       
-     

252,677  
284,523  
27,156  
2,707  
19 

533,800       

567,082  

5,138       
20,791       
59,010       
1,442       

5,138  
20,793  
58,195  
2,588  

86,381       
52,052       

86,714  
52,385  

34,329       

34,329  

Total assets 

$

680,782     $

685,825  

F-3 

 
  
 
 
 
 
       
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
       
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
       
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
NL INDUSTRIES, INC.  AND SUBSIDIARIES  
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (CONTINUED)  
(In thousands, except per share data)  

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Current liabilities: 

Current maturities of long-term debt 
Accounts payable 
Accrued and other current liabilities 
Accrued environmental remediation and related costs 
Payable to affiliates 
Income taxes 

Total current liabilities 

Noncurrent liabilities: 
Long-term debt 
Accrued pension costs 
Accrued postretirement benefits (OPEB) costs 
Accrued environmental remediation and related costs 
Deferred income taxes 
Other 

Total noncurrent liabilities 

Equity: 

NL stockholders’ equity: 

Preferred stock, no par value; 5,000 shares authorized; none issued 
Common stock, $.125 par value; 150,000 shares authorized; 48,669 and 

48,674 shares issued and outstanding 

Additional paid-in capital 
Retained earnings 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 

Total NL stockholders’ equity 

Noncontrolling interest in subsidiary 

Total equity 

Total liabilities and equity 

Commitments and contingencies (Notes 14 and 18)  

December 31,

2012 

2013

$

1,000      $ 
5,363        
12,221        
5,667        
528        
6        

-  
3,006  
11,150  
4,859  
49  
6  

24,785        

19,070  

17,480        
13,747        
3,861        
42,339        
171,915        
18,572        

-  
5,453  
3,268  
108,777  
161,933  
18,329  

267,914        

297,760  

-        

-  

6,083        
300,227        
163,758        
(95,253 )      

6,084  
300,223  
84,089  
(35,016)

374,815        

355,380  

13,268        

13,615  

388,083        

368,995  

$

680,782      $ 

685,825  

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.   

F-4 

 
  
 
  
 
   
      
 
    
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
   
      
 
    
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
   
      
 
    
         
 
    
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
NL INDUSTRIES, INC.  AND SUBSIDIARIES  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS  
(In thousands, except per share data)  

Net sales 
Cost of sales 

$

Years ended December 31,
2012 

2013

2011
79,815  $ 
55,708 

83,196     $ 
58,869       

92,045
64,471

Gross margin 

24,107 

24,327       

27,574

Selling, general and administrative expense 
Other operating income (expense): 
Insurance recoveries 
Litigation settlement gain 
Assets held for sale write-down 
Other income, net 
Goodwill impairment 
Corporate expense and other, net 

16,560 

17,747       

18,246

16,942 
- 
(1,135)
952 
- 

(24,973)   

3,311       
14,964       
(1,162 )     
3,612       
(6,406 )     
(28,958 )     

9,427
-
-
29
-
(87,042)

Loss from operations 

(667)   

(8,059 )     

(68,258)

Equity in earnings (loss) of Kronos Worldwide, Inc. 
Other income (expense): 

Securities transaction gains, net 
Interest and dividends 
Interest expense 

97,577  

66,437       

(31,007)

- 
2,966 
(1,541)

16,567       
3,200       
(1,023 )     

11
2,927
(127)

Income (loss) from continuing operations before taxes 

98,335 

77,122       

(96,454)

Income tax expense (benefit) 

19,751 

19,933       

(41,911)

Income (loss) from continuing operations 
Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 

Net income (loss) 
Noncontrolling interest in net income of subsidiary 

78,584 
4,071 

82,655 
998 

57,189       
21,893       

(54,543)
-

79,082       
4,546       

(54,543)
790

Net income (loss) attributable to NL stockholders 

$

81,657  $ 

74,536     $ 

(55,333)

F-5 

 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
NL INDUSTRIES, INC.  AND SUBSIDIARIES  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)  
(In thousands, except per share data)  

Years ended December 31,
2012 

2013

2011

Amounts attributable to NL stockholders: 

Income (loss) from continuing operations 
Income from discontinued operations 

Net income (loss) attributable to NL stockholders 

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per share: 

Continuing operations 
Discontinued operations 

Net income (loss) per share 

Cash dividends per share 

$

$

$

$

$

78,128  $
3,529 

56,730     $ 
17,806       

(55,333)
-

81,657  $

74,536     $ 

(55,333)

1.61  $
.07 

1.16     $ 
.37       

(1.14)
-

1.68  $

1.53     $ 

(1.14)

.50  $

.50     $ 

.50

Weighted average shares used in the calculation of net 

income (loss) per share 

48,658 

48,667       

48,672

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.   

F-6 

 
 
  
  
 
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
   
   
       
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
NL INDUSTRIES, INC.  AND SUBSIDIARIES  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)  
(In thousands)  

Net income (loss) 

$

82,655    $

79,082     $ 

Years ended December 31,
2012 

2011

2013
(54,543)

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: 

Marketable securities 
Currency translation 
Defined benefit pension plans 
Other postretirement benefit plans 

118,304     
(6,105)   
(7,944)   
(248)   

(81,032 )     
(3,606 )     
(6,924 )     
(449 )     

48,750 
1,349 
9,758 
380 

Total other comprehensive income (loss), net 

104,007     

(92,011 )     

60,237 

Comprehensive income (loss) 
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest 
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to NL stockholders 

186,662     
902     
185,760    $

(12,929 )     
3,064       
(15,993 )   $ 

$

5,694 
790 
4,904 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.   

F-7 

 
  
  
  
 
 
   
   
       
    
        
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
NL INDUSTRIES, INC.  AND SUBSIDIARIES  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY  
Years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013  
(In thousands, except per share data)  

Common
stock

Additional
paid-in
capital

Retained
earnings

Accumulated
other 
comprehensive
income (loss)

Noncontrolling
interest in 
subsidiary 

Total 
equity

Balance at December 31, 2010 

$  6,078   $ 299,469   $ 56,229   $

(108,827) $ 

10,906    $263,855 

Net income 
Other comprehensive income (loss), 

net of tax 

Issuance of common stock 
Cash dividends - $.50 per share 
Other, net 

-    

-    
4    
-    
-    

-     81,657    

-     

998      82,655 

-    
560    

-    
-    
-     (24,331)  
-    

38    

104,103     
-     
-     
-     

(96 )   104,007 
582 
18     
(814 )   (25,145)
38 

-     

Balance at December 31, 2011 

   6,082     300,067     113,555    

(4,724)   

11,012      425,992 

Net income 
Other comprehensive loss, net  

of tax 

Issuance of common stock 
Cash dividends - $.50 per share 
Other, net 

-    

-    
1    
-    
-    

-     74,536    

-     

4,546      79,082 

-    
74    

-    
-    
-     (24,333)  
-    

86    

(90,529)   
-     
-     
-     

-     

(1,482 )   (92,011)
75 
(818 )   (25,151)
96 

10     

Balance at December 31, 2012 

6,083     300,227     163,758    

(95,253)  

13,268      388,083 

Net loss 
Other comprehensive income, net  

of tax 

Issuance of common stock 
Cash dividends - $.50 per share 
Other, net 

 -   

-    
1    
-    
-    

-      (55,333)  

-     

790      (54,543)

-    
58    

-    
-    
-     (24,336)  
-    

(62)  

60,237    
-     
-     
-     

-      60,237 
59 
-     
(451 )   (24,787)
(54)

8     

Balance at December 31, 2013 

$  6,084   $ 300,223   $ 84,089   $

(35,016) $ 

13,615    $368,995 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 

F-8 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
    
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
    
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
    
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
   
 
 
 
    
 
 
NL INDUSTRIES, INC.  AND SUBSIDIARIES  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS  

(In thousands) 

Years ended December 31,
2012 

2011

2013

Cash flows from operating activities: 

Net income (loss) 
Depreciation and amortization 
Deferred income taxes 
Provision for inventory reserves 
Benefit plan expense greater (less) than cash funding: 

Defined benefit pension plans 
Other postretirement benefit plans 

Equity in (earnings) loss of Kronos Worldwide, Inc. 
Distributions from Kronos Worldwide, Inc. 
Net gains from: 

Real estate-related litigation settlement 
Securities transaction  
Sale of business unit 

Reversal of accrued contingent consideration 
Goodwill impairment 
Assets held for sale write-down 
Other, net 
Change in assets and liabilities: 

Accounts and other receivables, net 
Inventories, net 
Prepaid expenses and other 
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities 
Income taxes 
Accounts with affiliates 
Accrued environmental remediation and related costs 
Other noncurrent assets and liabilities, net 

$

82,655  $ 
6,829 
21,002 
255 

79,082     $ 
5,826       
27,433       
454       

(54,543)
3,335
(41,891)
228

(245)
(564)
(97,577)
37,861 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
1,135 
339 

57 
(439)
(126)
(4,403)
463 
1,087 
1,237 
(1,332)

209       
(640 )     
(66,437 )     
21,132       

(14,964 )     
(16,567 )     
(23,674 )     
(778 )     
6,406       
1,162       
(3,103 )     

(476 )     
174       
(1,871 )     
1,550       
(1,450 )     
729       
6,369       
(2,566 )     

(495)
(729)
31,007
21,132

-
(11)
-
-
-
-
81

(1,461)
(2,240)
166
(3,347)
-
(369)
65,630
(1,588)

Net cash provided by operating activities 

48,234 

18,000       

14,905

Cash flows from investing activities: 

Capital expenditures 
Acquisition, net of cash acquired 
Proceeds from real estate-related litigation settlement 
Collection of promissory notes receivable 
Change in restricted cash equivalents, net 
Net proceeds from disposal of: 
Assets held for sale 
Marketable securities 
Property, plant and equipment and other assets 

Proceeds from disposal of operations 
Cash of disposed business unit 
Purchase of marketable securities 
Other 

(3,276)
(4,752)
- 
15,000 
2,524  

-  
239  
184  
-  
-  
(104)   
- 

(4,564 )     
-       
15,603       
-       
(2,159 )     

3,555       
24,146       
3,290       
58,027       
(5,426 )     
(227 )     
-      

(3,541)
-
-
3,034
2,018

1,559
272
5
-
-
(261)
(102)

Net cash provided by investing activities 

9,815  

92,245       

2,984

F-9 

 
 
   
  
 
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
   
 
   
       
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
NL INDUSTRIES, INC.  AND SUBSIDIARIES  
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)  
(In thousands)  

Years ended December 31,
2012 

2013

2011

Cash flows from financing activities: 

Cash dividends paid 
Distributions to noncontrolling interests in subsidiary 
Proceeds from issuance of stock: 
NL common stock 
CompX common stock 

Indebtedness: 

Borrowings 
Repayments 
Deferred financing costs paid 

Other 

$

(24,331) $
(814)  

(24,333 )   $ 
(818 )     

(24,336)
(451)

342 
58 

-       
-       

-
-

31,494 
(68,298)  

- 
4 

40,550       
(59,406 )     
(79 )     
-       

-
(18,480)
-
-

Net cash used in financing activities 

(61,545)  

(44,086 )     

(43,267)

Net change for the year 

Cash and cash equivalents - net change from: 

Operating, investing and financing activities 
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash 
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 

$

$

(3,496) $

66,159     $ 

(25,378)

(3,496) $
(313)  

15,461 

66,159     $ 
176       
11,652       

(25,378)
-
77,987

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year 

$

11,652  $

77,987     $ 

52,609

Supplemental disclosures: 

Cash paid (received) for: 

Interest 
Income taxes, net 

Non-cash investing and financing activities - accrual for capital 

expenditures 

$

$

2,430  $
1,737 

982     $ 
2,525       

222
302

178  $

484     $ 

(313)

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.   

F-10 

 
 
  
  
 
    
 
    
        
 
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
      
 
   
   
       
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
   
   
       
    
 
    
        
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
NL INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES  
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS  
December 31, 2013  

Note 1 - Summary of significant accounting policies:  

Nature of our business - NL Industries, Inc.  (NYSE: NL) is primarily a holding company.  We operate in 
the component products industry through our majority-owned subsidiary, CompX International Inc.  (NYSE MKT: 
CIX).  We operate in the chemicals industry through our noncontrolling interest in Kronos Worldwide, Inc.  (NYSE:  
KRO).   

Organization  -  At  December 31,  2013,  (i) Valhi,  Inc.    (NYSE:  VHI)  held  approximately  83%  of  our 
outstanding  common  stock  and  (ii)  Contran  Corporation  and  its  subsidiaries  own  an  aggregate  of  94%  of  Valhi’s 
outstanding  common  stock.  Substantially  all  of  Contran’s  outstanding  voting  stock  is  held  by  family  trusts 
established for the benefit of Lisa K. Simmons and Serena Simmons Connelly, daughters of Harold C. Simmons, 
and  their  children  (for  which  Ms.  Lisa  Simmons  and  Ms.  Connelly  are  co-trustees)  or  is  held  directly  by  Ms. 
Lisa Simmons  and  Ms.  Connelly  or  persons  or  entities  related  to  them,  including  their  step-mother  Annette  C. 
Simmons, the widow of Mr. Simmons.    Prior to his death in December 2013, Mr. Simmons served as sole trustee 
of the family trusts.  Under a voting agreement entered into in February 2014 by all of the voting stockholders of 
Contran, the size of the board of directors of Contran was fixed at five members, each of Ms. Lisa Simmons, Ms. 
Connelly and Ms. Annette Simmons have the right to designate one of the five members of the Contran board and 
the other two members of the Contran board must consist of members of Contran management.   Ms. Lisa Simmons, 
Ms.  Connelly,  and  Ms.  Annette  Simmons  each  serve  as  members  of  the  Contran  board.   The  voting  agreement 
expires in February 2017 (unless Ms. Lisa Simmons, Ms. Connelly and Ms. Annette Simmons otherwise mutually 
agree),  and  the  ability  of  Ms.  Lisa  Simmons,  Ms.  Connelly,  and  Ms.  Annette  Simmons  to  each  designate  one 
member of the Contran board is dependent upon each of their continued beneficial ownership of at least 5% of the 
combined voting stock of Contran.  Consequently, Ms. Lisa Simmons, Ms. Connelly and Ms. Annette Simmons may 
be deemed to control Contran, Valhi and us. 

Unless otherwise indicated, references in this report to “we,” “us” or “our” refer to NL Industries, Inc.  and 

its subsidiaries and affiliate, Kronos, taken as a whole.   

Management’s estimates - In preparing our financial statements in conformity with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America (GAAP), we are required to make estimates and assumptions that 
affect the reported amounts of our assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at each 
balance  sheet  date  and  the  reported  amounts  of  our  revenues  and  expenses  during  each  reporting  period.    Actual 
results may differ significantly from previously-estimated amounts under different assumptions or conditions.   

Principles of consolidation - Our consolidated financial statements include the financial position, results of 
operations and cash flows of NL and our wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries, including CompX.  We 
account  for  the  13%  of  CompX  stock  we  do  not  own  as  a  noncontrolling  interest.    We  eliminate  all  material 
intercompany accounts and balances.  Changes in ownership of our wholly-owned and majority-owned subsidiaries 
are accounted for as equity transactions with no gain or loss recognized on the transaction unless there is a change in 
control.   

Currency translation - The financial statements of Kronos’ non-U.S. subsidiaries (and prior to December 
2012,  our  non-U.S.  consolidated  subsidiaries)  are  translated  to  U.S.  dollars.    The  functional  currency  of  our  non-
U.S. subsidiaries is generally the local currency of their country.  Accordingly, we translate the assets and liabilities 
at year-end rates of exchange, while we translate their revenues and expenses at average exchange rates prevailing 
during the year.  We accumulate the resulting translation adjustments in stockholders’ equity as part of accumulated 
other  comprehensive  income,  net  of  related  deferred  income  taxes  and  noncontrolling  interest.    We  recognize 
currency  transaction  gains  and  losses  in  income.    In  December  2012  we  sold  CompX’s  Furniture  Components 
business,  which  comprised  all  of  CompX’s  consolidated  subsidiaries  whose  functional  currency  was  not  the  U.S.  
dollar.  See Note 2.   

F-11 

 
 
Cash and  cash  equivalents  -  We classify bank time deposits and government and commercial notes and 

bills with original maturities of three months or less as cash equivalents.   

Restricted  cash  equivalents  -  We  classify  cash  equivalents  that  have  been  segregated  or  are  otherwise 
limited  in  use as  restricted.   To  the  extent  the  restricted  amount  relates to  a  recognized  liability,  we classify  such 
restricted amount as either a current or noncurrent asset to correspond with the classification of the liability.  To the 
extent the restricted amount does not relate to a recognized liability, we classify restricted cash as a current asset.  
See Note 9.   

Marketable  securities  and  securities  transactions  -  We  carry  marketable  securities  at  fair  value.    ASC 
Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, establishes a consistent framework for measuring fair value 
and,  with  certain  exceptions,  this  framework  is  generally  applied  to  all  financial  statement  items  required  to  be 
measured at fair value.  The standard requires fair value measurements to be classified and disclosed in one of the 
following three categories:  

(cid:121)  Level 1 - Unadjusted quoted prices in active markets that are accessible at the measurement date for 

identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities;  

(cid:121)  Level 2 - Quoted prices in markets that are not active, or inputs which are observable, either directly or 

indirectly, for substantially the full term of the assets or liability; and  

(cid:121)  Level  3  -  Prices  or  valuation  techniques  that  require  inputs  that  are  both  significant  to  the  fair  value 

measurement and unobservable.   

We  classify  all  of  our  marketable  securities  as  available-for-sale  and  unrealized  gains  or  losses  on  these 
securities  are  recognized  through  other  comprehensive  income,  net  of  related  deferred  income  taxes.    We  base 
realized gains and losses upon the specific identification of securities sold.  See Note 6.   

Accounts receivable - We provide an allowance for doubtful accounts for known and estimated potential 

losses arising from sales to customers based on a periodic review of these accounts.   

Inventories  and  cost  of  sales  - We  state  inventories  at  the  lower of  cost  or  market, net  of  allowance  for 
obsolete and slow-moving inventories.  We generally base inventory costs for all inventory categories on an average 
cost  that  approximates  the  first-in,  first-out  method.    Inventories  include  the  costs  for  raw  materials,  the  cost  to 
manufacture the raw materials into finished goods and overhead.  Depending on the inventory’s stage of completion, 
our  manufacturing  costs  can  include  the  costs  of  packing  and  finishing,  utilities,  maintenance  and  depreciation, 
shipping  and  handling,  and  salaries  and  benefits  associated  with  our  manufacturing  process.    We  allocate  fixed 
manufacturing overhead based on normal production capacity.  Unallocated overhead costs resulting from periods 
with abnormally low production levels are charged to expense as incurred.  As inventory is sold to third parties, we 
recognize  the  cost  of  sales  in  the  same  period  that  the  sale  occurs.    We  periodically  review  our  inventory  for 
estimated obsolescence or instances when inventory is no longer marketable for its intended use and we record any 
write-down  equal  to  the  difference  between  the  cost  of  inventory  and  its  estimated  net  realizable  value  based  on 
assumptions about alternative uses, market conditions and other factors.   

Investment in Kronos Worldwide, Inc.   - We account for our 30% non-controlling interest in Kronos by 

the equity method.  See Note 7.   

F-12 

 
Goodwill and other intangible assets; amortization expense - Goodwill represents the excess of cost over 
fair  value  of  individual  net  assets  acquired  in  business  combinations.    Goodwill  is  not  subject  to  periodic 
amortization.  We amortize other intangible assets, consisting principally of certain acquired patents and tradenames, 
using  the  straight-line  method  over  their  estimated  lives  and  state  them  net  of  accumulated  amortization.    We 
evaluate  goodwill  for  impairment  annually,  or  when  circumstances  indicate  the  carrying  value  may  not  be 
recoverable.    In  September  2011,  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  issued  ASU  No.  2011-08,  which 
provided  new  guidance  on  testing  goodwill  for  impairment.    The  new  guidance  allows  an  entity  to  first  assess 
qualitative  factors  to  determine  whether  it  is  necessary  to  perform  the  two-step  quantitative  goodwill  impairment 
test.  An entity is no longer required to calculate the fair value of a reporting unit unless the entity determines, based 
on a qualitative assessment considering the totality of relevant events and circumstances, that it is more likely than 
not that its fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount.  We adopted this accounting standard in 
the third quarter of 2013.  See Note 8.   

Property  and  equipment;  depreciation  expense  -  We  state  property  and  equipment,  including  purchased 
computer  software  for  internal  use,  at  cost.    We  compute  depreciation  of  property  and  equipment  for  financial 
reporting  purposes  principally  by  the  straight-line  method  over  the  estimated  useful  lives  of  15  to  40  years  for 
buildings and 3 to 20 years for equipment and software.  We use accelerated depreciation methods for income tax 
purposes, as permitted.  Depreciation expense was $3.6 million in 2011, $3.2 million in 2012, and $3.3 million in 
2013.    Upon  sale  or  retirement  of  an  asset,  the  related  cost  and  accumulated  depreciation  are  removed  from  the 
accounts and any gain or loss is recognized in income currently.  Expenditures for maintenance, repairs and minor 
renewals are expensed; expenditures for major improvements are capitalized.   

We perform impairment tests when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not 
be recoverable.  We consider all relevant factors.  We perform impairment tests by comparing the estimated future 
undiscounted cash flows associated with the asset to the asset’s net carrying value to determine whether impairment 
exists.   

Employee benefit plans - Accounting and funding policies for our retirement and post retirement benefits 

other than pensions (OPEB) plans are described in Note 15.   

Income  taxes  -  We,  Valhi  and  our  qualifying  subsidiaries  are  members  of  Contran’s  consolidated  U.S.  
federal  income  tax  group  (the  Contran  Tax  Group)  and  we  and  certain  of  our  qualifying  subsidiaries  also  file 
consolidated  unitary  state  income  tax  returns  with  Contran  in  qualifying  U.S.  jurisdictions.    As  a  member  of  the 
Contran Tax Group, we are jointly and severally liable for the federal income tax liability of Contran and the other 
companies included in the Contran Tax Group for all periods in which we are included in the Contran Tax Group.  
See  Note  18.    We  are  party  to  a  tax  sharing  agreement  with  Valhi  and  Contran  pursuant  to  which  we  generally 
compute our provision for income taxes on a separate-company basis and we make payments to or receive payments 
from  Valhi  in  amounts  that  we  would  have  paid  to  or  received  from  the  U.S.  Internal  Revenue  Service  or  the 
applicable state tax authority had we not been a member of the Contran Tax Group.  Refunds are limited to amounts 
previously paid under the Contran Tax Agreement unless the individual company was entitled to a refund from the 
U.S. Internal Revenue Service  on  a  separate  company  basis.    The  separate  company  provisions  and payments  are 
computed using the tax elections made by Contran.  We received net income tax refunds from Valhi of $.4 million 
in 2011 and $.2 million in 2012, and we made net payments to Valhi for income taxes of $.3 million in 2013.   

We  recognize  deferred  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities  for  the  expected  future  tax  consequences  of 
temporary differences between the income tax and financial reporting carrying amounts of our assets and liabilities, 
including  investments  in  our  subsidiaries  and  affiliates  who  are  not  members  of  the  Contran  Tax  Group  and 
undistributed  earnings  of  non-U.S.  subsidiaries  which  are  not  permanently  reinvested.    In  addition,  we  recognize 
deferred income taxes with respect to the excess of the financial reporting carrying amount over the income tax basis 
of our direct investment in Kronos common stock because the exemption under GAAP to avoid recognition of such 
deferred  income  taxes  is  not  available  to  us.    In  December  2012,  we  sold  CompX’s  Furniture  Components 
operations, which comprised all of CompX’s non-U.S. operating subsidiaries.  See Note 2.  We periodically evaluate 
our  deferred  tax  assets  in  the  various  taxing  jurisdictions  in  which  we  operate  and  adjust  any  related  valuation 
allowance based on the estimate of the amount of such deferred tax assets which we believe do not meet the more-
likely-than-not recognition criteria.   

F-13 

 
We record a reserve for uncertain tax positions where we believe it is more-likely-than-not our position will 
not prevail with the applicable tax authorities.  The amount of the benefit associated with our uncertain tax positions 
that we recognize is limited to the largest amount for which we believe the likelihood of realization is greater than 
50%.    We  accrue  penalties  and  interest  on  the  difference  between  tax  positions  taken  on  our  tax  returns  and  the 
amount of benefit recognized for financial reporting purposes.  We classify our reserves for uncertain tax positions 
in a separate current or noncurrent liability, depending on the nature of the tax position.  See Note 14.   

Environmental remediation costs - We record liabilities related to environmental remediation obligations 
when  estimated  future  expenditures  are  probable  and  reasonably  estimable.    We  adjust  these  accruals  as  further 
information  becomes  available  to  us  or  as  circumstances  change.    We  generally  do  not  discount  estimated  future 
expenditures to present value.  We recognize any recoveries of remediation costs from other parties when we deem 
their receipt probable.  We expense any environmental remediation related legal costs as incurred.  At December 31, 
2012 and 2013, we had not recognized any receivables for recoveries.  See Note 18.   

Net sales - We record sales when products are shipped and title and other risks and rewards of ownership 
have passed to the customer.  Amounts charged to customers for shipping and handling costs are not material.  We 
state sales net of price, early payment and distributor discounts and volume rebates.  We report taxes assessed by a 
governmental authority that we collect from our customers that is both imposed on and concurrent with our revenue 
producing activities (such as sales and use taxes) on a net basis (meaning we do not recognize these taxes in either 
our revenues or in our costs and expenses).   

Selling,  general  and  administrative  expenses;  advertising  costs;  research  and  development  costs  - 
Selling,  general  and  administrative  expenses  include  costs  related  to  marketing,  sales,  distribution,  research  and 
development, and administrative functions such as accounting, treasury and finance, as well as costs for salaries and 
benefits,  travel  and  entertainment,  promotional  materials  and  professional  fees.    Advertising  costs  related  to 
continuing  operations,  expensed  as  incurred,  were  approximately  not  material  in  each  of  2011,  2012  and  2013.  
Research,  development  and  certain  sales  technical  support  costs  related  to  continuing  operations,  expensed  as 
incurred, were not material in 2011, 2012 or 2013.   

Corporate  expenses  -  Corporate  expenses  include  environmental,  legal  and  other  costs  attributable  to 

formerly-owned business units.   

Earnings  per  share - Basic and diluted earnings per share of common stock is based upon the weighted 
average number of our common shares actually outstanding during each period.  A nominal number of stock options 
were outstanding during 2011 the dilutive effect of which was not material.   

Note 2 - Discontinued operations:  

In December 2012, we completed the sale of CompX’s Furniture Components operations for proceeds, net 
of expenses, of approximately $58.0 million in cash.  We recognized a pre-tax gain of $23.7 million on the disposal 
of  these  operations  ($14.5  million,  or  $.30  per  basic  and  diluted  share,  net  of  income  taxes  and  noncontrolling 
interest  in  CompX,  as  shown  in  the  table below).   Such pre-tax gain  includes  income  of  $10.4  million  associated 
with  the  reclassification  out  of  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  related  to  currency  translation.    The 
income  taxes  associated  with  the  pre-tax  gain  on  disposal  is  less  than  the  U.S.  statutory  income  tax  rate  of  35% 
principally  due  to  the  utilization  of  foreign  tax  credits,  the  benefit  of  which  had  previously  not  been  recognized 
under the “more-likely-than-not” recognition criteria.  The Furniture Components operations primarily sold products 
with lower average margins and higher commodity raw material content than other operations of CompX’s business.  
We  believe  disposing  of  CompX’s  Furniture  Components  operations  has  enabled  us  to  focus  more  effort  on 
continuing to develop the remaining portion of CompX’s business that we believe has greater opportunity for higher 
returns and with less volatility relating to changes in the cost of commodity raw materials.   

F-14 

 
 
Selected  financial  data  for  the  operations  of  the  disposed  Furniture  Components  business  is  presented 

below:  

Net sales 
Income from operations 
Income from discontinued operations: 

Income before taxes 
Income tax expense 

Income from discontinued operations, net of tax 

Gain on sale of discontinued operations: 

Gain on sale 
Income tax expense 

Gain on sale discontinued operations, net of tax 
Total discontinued operations, net of tax 

Noncontrolling interest in income from discontinued operations, net of tax 
Noncontrolling interest in gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of tax 

Total noncontrolling interest in discontinued operations, net of tax 
Total discontinued operations, net of tax and noncontrolling 

Years ended December 31,

2011 

2012

(In thousands)

$
$

$

59,021     $ 
9,061     $ 

60,722
7,364

9,045     $ 
4,974       
4,071       

-       
-       
-       
4,071       
542       
-       
542       

7,284
3,484
3,800

23,674
5,581
18,093
21,893
494
3,593
4,087

interest 

$

3,529     $ 

17,806

In  accordance  with  generally  accepted  accounting  principles,  the  assets  and  liabilities  relating  to  the 
Furniture Components business were eliminated from the 2012 Consolidated Balance Sheet at the date of sale.  We 
have  reclassified  our  Consolidated  Statements  of  Operations  to  reflect  the  disposed  business  as  discontinued 
operations  for  all  periods  presented.    We  have  not  reclassified  our  December  31,  2011  or  2012  Consolidated 
Statement of Cash Flows to reflect discontinued operations.   

In conjunction with the sale of CompX’s Furniture Components business, the buyer was not interested in 
retaining certain undeveloped land located in Taiwan owned by our Taiwanese Furniture Component business.  We 
had no additional use for the undeveloped land in Taiwan and therefore expected the land to be sold to a third party 
with CompX receiving the net proceeds.  Based on the legal form of how we completed the disposal transaction, our 
interest in such land was represented by a $3.0 million promissory note receivable at December 31, 2012, issued to 
us by our former Taiwanese business which retained legal ownership in the land to facilitate the future sale of the 
land to a third party.  The proceeds from the sale of the land were required to be used to settle the note receivable.  
In 2013, an agreement was entered into with a third party to sell the land for $3.0 million, all of which was received 
during 2013.  The note receivable was classified as part of accounts receivable in our Consolidated Balance Sheet at 
December 31, 2012.   

Note 3 - Geographic information:  

We  operate  in  the  security  products  industry  and  marine  components  industry  through  our  majority 
ownership of CompX.  CompX manufactures and sells security products including locking mechanisms and other 
security  products  for  sale  to  the  transportation,  postal,  office  and  institutional  furniture,  cabinetry,  tool  storage, 
healthcare and other industries with a facility in South Carolina and a facility shared with Marine Components in 
Illinois.    CompX  also  manufactures  and  distributes  stainless  steel  exhaust  systems,  gauges  and  throttle  controls 
primarily for recreational boats.   

F-15 

 
  
  
  
 
  
 
    
        
    
        
 
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For geographic information, the point of origin (place of manufacture) for all net sales is the U.S., the point 

of destination for net sales is based on the location of the customer.   

Net sales - point of destination: 

United States 
Canada 
Other 

Total 

Years ended December 31, 
2013 
2012 
2011
(In thousands) 

$

$

75,594 $
1,982  
2,239  
79,815 $

78,268   $  87,307
2,194     
2,195
2,734     
2,543
83,196   $  92,045

All of our net property and equipment is located in the United States at December 31, 2012 and 2013.   

At December 31, 2012, the net assets of non-U.S. subsidiaries included in consolidated net assets 

approximated $3.1 million.   

Note 4 - Accounts and other receivables, net:  

$

December 31, 
2012
2013 
(In thousands) 
8,696     $  8,706  
3,034       
-  
1,877  
476       
54  
51       
8  
8       
(128)  
(216 )     
$ 12,049     $  10,517  

December 31, 
2012
2013 
(In thousands) 
3,253   $ 
5,902     
2,068     

3,565  
6,696  
2,974  
$ 11,223   $  13,235  

$

Trade receivables 
Promissory note receivable 
Accrued insurance recoveries* 
Other receivables 
Refundable income taxes 
Allowance for doubtful accounts 

Total 

*Accrued insurance recoveries are discussed in Note 18.   

Note 5 - Inventories, net:  

Raw materials 
Work in process 
Finished products 
Total 

F-16 

 
 
  
  
 
  
    
    
      
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
Note 6 - Marketable securities:   

December 31, 2012 
Noncurrent assets 

Valhi common stock 

December 31, 2013 
Noncurrent assets 

Valhi common stock 

Fair value
measurement
level

Market 
value
(In thousands) 

Cost 
basis 

Unrealized
gains

1 

   $ 179,662  $

24,347    $  155,315

1 

   $ 252,677  $

24,347    $  228,330

At  December 31,  2012  and  2013,  we  held  approximately  14.4 million  shares  of  our  immediate  parent 
company,  Valhi.  See  Note  1.    We  account  for  our  investment  in  Valhi  common  stock  as  available-for-sale 
marketable  equity  securities  and  any  unrealized  gains  or  losses  on  the  securities  are  recognized  through  other 
comprehensive income, net of deferred income taxes.  Our shares of Valhi common stock are carried at fair value 
based on quoted market prices, representing a Level 1 input within the fair value hierarchy. At December 31, 2012 
and 2013, the quoted market prices of Valhi common stock were $12.50 and $17.58 per share, respectively.   

Prior  to  December 2012,  we  held  approximately  1.4 million  shares,  or  .8%,  of  Titanium  Metals 
Corporation’s (TIMET) outstanding common stock.  TIMET was also an affiliate of ours, as Contran, Mr.  Harold 
Simmons  and  persons  and  other  entities  related  to  Mr.    Simmons  (including  us)  owned  a  majority  of  TIMET’s 
outstanding common stock.  In December 2012, we sold all of our shares of TIMET common stock for $23.9 million 
($16.50 per share) pursuant to a cash tender offer by a third party, and all of our affiliates also sold their shares of 
TIMET common stock for the same price.  Securities transactions in 2012 consist of a $16.6 million pre-tax gain we 
recognized on the sale of these TIMET shares.   

The Valhi common stock we own is subject to the restrictions on resale pursuant to certain provisions of 
the  SEC  Rule  144.    In  addition,  as  a  majority-owned  subsidiary  of  Valhi  we  cannot  vote  our  shares  of  Valhi 
common  stock  under  Delaware  Corporation  Law,  but  we  do  receive  dividends  from  Valhi  on  these  shares,  when 
declared and paid.   

Note 7 - Investment in Kronos Worldwide, Inc.:  

At December 31, 2012 and 2013, we owned approximately 35.2 million shares of Kronos common stock.  
The  per  share  quoted  market  price  of  Kronos  at  December 31,  2012  and  2013  was  $19.50  and  $19.05  per  share, 
respectively, or an aggregate market value of $686.8 million and $670.9 million, respectively.   

At  December 31,  2013, we had  an  aggregate  of 275,000  shares  of our Kronos  common stock  pledged  in 
connection with certain liabilities incurred in environmental-related settlement obligations, of which 25,000 shares 
were released to us in January 2014 pursuant to the terms of the applicable settlement agreement.   

F-17 

 
 
 
 
 
    
 
    
      
       
    
 
    
      
       
 
  
 
 
 
    
      
       
 
 
 
    
      
       
 
 
The  change  in  the  carrying  value of our  investment  in Kronos during  the  past  three  years  is  summarized 

below:  

Balance at the beginning of the year 
  Equity in earnings (loss) of Kronos 
  Dividends received from Kronos 
  Other, principally equity in Kronos’ other comprehensive 

income (loss) 

Balance at the end of the year 

2011

Year ended December 31, 
2013
2012 
(In millions) 

231.7   $
97.6    
(37.9)  

281.3     $ 
66.4       
(21.1 )     

323.1 
(31.0)
(21.1)

(10.1)  
281.3   $

(3.5 )     
323.1     $ 

13.5 
284.5 

$

$

Selected financial information of Kronos is summarized below:  

Current assets 
Property and equipment, net 
Investment in TiO2 joint venture 
Other noncurrent assets 
Total assets 

Current liabilities 
Long-term debt 
Accrued pension and post retirement benefits 
Other non-current liabilities 
Stockholders’ equity 

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity 

December 31, 
2013 
2012

(In millions) 
$ 1,223.4     $  781.2   
536.3   
102.3   
199.3   
$ 2,027.0     $  1,619.1   

522.5       
109.9       
171.2       

$

328.4     $  278.0   
378.9       
180.4   
203.3       
171.6   
54.3       
54.0   
  1,062.1       
935.1   
$ 2,027.0     $  1,619.1   

Net sales 
Cost of sales 
Income (loss) from operations 
Net income (loss) 

Note 8 - Goodwill:  

2011

2013 

Year ended December 31, 
2012 
(In millions) 
$ 1,943.3  $ 1,976.3    $  1,732.4
1,415.9       1,620.2
(132.6)
(102.0)

1,194.9   
546.5   
321.0   

359.6      
218.5      

Substantially all of our goodwill is related to our component products operations and was generated from 
CompX’s  acquisitions  of  certain  business  units.    Prior  to  December 31,  2012,  we  also  had  approximately  $6.4 
million  of  goodwill  which  resulted  from  our  acquisition  of  our  subsidiary,  EWI  Re,  Inc.,  (EWI),  an  insurance 
brokerage and risk management services company.  EWI brokers certain insurance policies for Contran and certain 
of its affiliates, including us and Kronos, as well as certain third parties.  See Note 16.   

We have assigned goodwill related to the component products operations to three reporting units (as that 
term is defined in ASC Topic 350-20-20 Goodwill): one consisting of CompX’s security products operations, one 
consisting  of  CompX’s  furniture  components  operations  and  one  consisting  of  CompX’s  marine  component 
operations.  Prior to 2011, all of the goodwill related to CompX’s marine components operations (which aggregated 
$10.1 million) was impaired. Our gross goodwill at December 31, 2013 was $43.7 million.   

F-18 

 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
We test for goodwill impairment at the reporting unit level.  In accordance with the requirements of ASC 
Topic 350-20-20, we test for goodwill impairment during the third quarter of each year or when circumstances arise 
that  indicate  impairment  might  be  present.    Prior  to  2013,  we  used  a  quantitative  assessment  in  determining  the 
estimated  fair  value  of  the  reporting  units,  using  appropriate  valuation  techniques  such  as  discounted  cash  flows. 
Such discounted cash flows are a Level 3 input as defined by ASC 820-10-35. If the carrying amount of goodwill 
exceeds  its  implied  fair  value,  an  impairment  charge  is  recorded.    In  2013  we  adopted  the  guidance  in  ASU  No. 
2011-08 for testing goodwill for impairment by assessing qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to 
perform  the  two-step  quantitative  goodwill  impairment  test.      Based  on  our  qualitative  assessment,  a  quantitative 
assessment was not required for 2013. 

 During  2011,  2012  and  2013,  no  impairment  was  indicated  as  part  of  such  annual  review  of  goodwill.  
However,  as  a  result  of  the  December  2012  disposition  of  CompX’s  furniture  components  business  and  the 
December 2012 sale of all common stock of TIMET owned by Contran Corporation and its affiliates (including us), 
a  significant  portion  of  EWI’s  insurance  brokerage  business  was  lost.    Consequently,  we  reevaluated  goodwill 
associated with EWI due to the triggering event caused by the significant impact these dispositions had on EWI’s 
business and concluded that all of our goodwill related to EWI was impaired.  Accordingly, we recognized a $6.4 
million  goodwill  impairment  in  December  2012.    In  addition,  we  had  goodwill  of  approximately  $14.3  million 
attributable to the disposed CompX furniture components operations, see Note 2.   

Changes  in  the  carrying  amount  of  our  goodwill  related  to  CompX’s  two  reporting  units  as  well  as  the 
goodwill related to EWI during the past three years are presented in the table below.   Goodwill acquired in 2011 
relates to the acquisition of an ergonomic components product business included in CompX’s disposed operations.   

Balance at the beginning of the year 
Goodwill acquired during the year 
Sale of disposed operations 
Goodwill impairment 
Changes in currency exchange rates 

Total 

$

$

Note 9 - Other assets:  

2011

2013 

Years ended December 31, 
2012 
(In thousands) 
47,553    $
-     
(14,286)    
(6,406)    
295     
27,156    $

44,819 $
3,111
-
-
(377)
47,553 $

27,156
-
-
-
-
27,156

Restricted cash 
Assets held for sale 
Pension asset 
Other 

Total 

December 31, 
2012
2013 
(In thousands) 
1,694     $  1,687  
532  
1,965     
364  
-      
124  
195       
3,854     $  2,707  

$

$

F-19 

 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
Prior to 2012, our assets held for sale consisted of two facilities (land, building and building improvements) 
and certain unimproved land, all of which were formerly used in CompX’s operations.  These assets were classified 
as “assets held for sale” when they ceased to be used in our operations and met all of the applicable criteria under 
U.S. GAAP.   During  2012, we obtained updated  independent  appraisals  of  the significant  assets.  Based on  these 
appraisals, we recognized a write-down in the third quarter of $.4 million to reduce the carrying value of the assets 
to their estimated fair value less cost to sell.  Subsequently, we sold one of the facilities in December 2012 for net 
proceeds  of  $3.6  million,  which  net  proceeds  were  less  than  the  carrying  amount  of  the  assets  and  we  therefore 
recognized a loss on the sale of the facility of approximately $.8 million in 2012.  At December 31, 2012 our assets 
held for sale consisted of the remaining facility and the unimproved land.  In 2013, we sold the remaining facility for 
net  proceeds  of  $1.6  million,  which  approximated  the  carrying  value  of  the  assets  as  of  the  date  of  the  sale.    At 
December 31, 2013, our assets held for sale consisted only of the unimproved land.   

We also recognized an asset held for sale write-down of $1.1 million in 2011 related to these properties, 
associated with obtaining updated appraisals on the properties.  These appraisals represent a Level 2 input as defined 
by ASC 820-10-35.   

The write-downs on assets held for sale in 2011 and 2012 and loss on the sale of the facility are included in 

loss from operations. 

Note 10 - Accrued liabilities:  

Employee benefits 
Professional fees and settlements 
Other 

Total 

Note 11 - Other noncurrent liabilities:  

Insurance claims and expenses 
Reserve for uncertain tax positions 
Other 

Total 

Our reserve for uncertain tax positions is discussed in Note 14.   

Note 12 - Long-term debt:  

December 31, 
2012
2013 
(In thousands) 
7,611    $  7,653  
1,855  
2,805      
1,642  
1,805      
$ 12,221    $  11,150  

$

December 31, 
2013 
2012
(In thousands) 

586    $ 

$
575  
  16,832       16,832  
922  
$ 18,572    $  18,329  

1,154      

Subsidiary debt: 

CompX note payable to TIMET Finance Management 

Company 

Less current maturities 
Total long-term debt 

F-20 

December 31, 

2012
2013 
(In thousands) 

$ 

$ 

18,480    $ 
1,000      
17,480    $ 

-  
-  
-  

 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
       
 
  
NL  -  We  have  a  revolving  promissory  note  with  Valhi  that,  as  amended,  allows  us  to  borrow  up  to  $40 
million.  Our borrowings from Valhi under this revolving note are unsecured bear interest at prime rate plus  2.75% 
with all principal due on demand, but in any event no earlier than March 31, 2015 and no later than December 31, 
2015.  The amount of the outstanding borrowings at any time is solely at the discretion of Valhi.  See Note 16.   

 CompX -  Prior  to 2011,  CompX  purchased  and/or  cancelled  certain  shares of  its  Class A common  stock 
from Timet Finance Management Company (TFMC) a former affiliate.  We paid for the shares acquired in the form 
of  a  promissory  note  which,  as  amended,  bore  interest  at  LIBOR  plus  1%  and  provided  for  quarterly  principal 
repayments  of  $.3  million,  with  the  balance  due  at  maturity  in  September  2014.  The  promissory  note  was 
prepayable,  in  whole  or  in  part,  at  any  time  at  our  option  without  penalty.      In  July  of  2013,  we  prepaid  the 
remaining outstanding principal amount of the note, plus accrued interest, without penalty.  We had net repayments 
on  the  note  payable  of  $20  million  in  2011  (including  $15.0  million  of  repayments  using  cash  we  received  upon 
collection of our promissory note receivable discussed in Note 18), $3.8 million in 2012 and $18.5 million in 2013 
(including  the  amount  paid  upon  final  payment).      The  average  interest  rate  on  the  promissory  note  payable  was 
1.3%  in  2011,  1.5%  in  2012  and  1.3%  for  the  year-to-date  period  ended  July  18,  2013  (the  pay-off  date).    We 
recognized interest expense of approximately $.5 million in 2011, $.3 million in 2012, and $.1 million in 2013 on 
this promissory note. 

Note 13 - Stockholders’ equity:  

Changes in our outstanding stock for the periods ended December 31, 2011, 2012, and 2013 are presented 

in the table below.   

Common stock outstanding at the beginning of the year 
Common stock issued 
Common stock at end of the year 

Years ended December 31, 
2013 
2012 
2011
(Shares in thousands) 

48,631 
32 
48,663 

48,663       
6       
48,669       

48,669
5
48,674

Long-term  incentive  compensation  plan  -  The  NL  Industries,  Inc.  1998  Long-Term  Incentive  Plan 
provided for the discretionary grant of restricted common stock, stock options, stock appreciation rights (SARs) and 
other  incentive  compensation  to  our  officers  and  other  key  employees  and  non-employee  directors,  including 
individuals who are employed by Kronos.  All options under this plan expired or were exercised in 2011.  In 2012, 
we adopted the NL Industries, Inc. 2012 Director Stock Plan pursuant to which an aggregate of up to 200,000 shares 
of our common stock can be awarded to members of our board of directors, and the 1998 Long-Term Incentive Plan 
was  terminated.    At  December 31,  2013,  195,000  shares  were  available  for  future  grants  under  the  2012  Director 
Stock Plan.   

Long-term incentive compensation plan of subsidiaries and affiliates - CompX and Kronos each have a 
share based incentive compensation plan pursuant to which an aggregate of up to 200,000 shares of their common 
stock can be awarded to members of their board of directors.  At December 31, 2013, Kronos had 193,000 shares 
available for award and CompX had 195,000 shares available for award.  

F-21 

 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) - Changes in accumulated other comprehensive income 

(loss) attributable to NL stockholders for 2011, 2012 and 2013 are presented in the table below.   

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: 

Marketable securities: 

Balance at beginning of year 
Other comprehensive income (loss): 

Years ended December 31,
2012 
2013
2011
(In thousands)

$ 68,147      $  186,451    $ 105,419

Unrealized gain (loss) arising during the year 
Less reclassification adjustment for amounts included in realized 

  118,304         (71,184 )   

48,514

gain 

Balance at end of year 

Currency translation: 

Balance at beginning of year 
Other comprehensive income (loss): 

-         

236
$ 186,451      $  105,419    $ 154,169

(9,848 )   

$(127,032 )   $ (133,041 )  $(135,165)

Arising during the year 
Less reclassification adjustment for amounts included in gain on 

(6,009 )     

6,605     

1,349

disposal 
Balance at end of year 
Defined benefit pension plans: 

Balance at beginning of year 
Other comprehensive income (loss): 

Amortization of prior service cost and net losses included in net 

periodic pension cost 

Net actuarial gain (loss) arising during year 

Plan curtailment 
Balance at end of year 

OPEB plans: 

Balance at beginning of year 
Other comprehensive income (loss): 

Amortization of prior service credit and net losses included in net 

periodic OPEB cost 

Net actuarial gain arising during year 

Plan amendment 
Balance at end of year 

Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: 

Balance at beginning of year 
Other comprehensive income (loss) 
Balance at end of year 

-         

-
$(133,041 )   $ (135,165 )  $(133,816)

(8,729 )   

$ (51,534 )    $  (59,478 )  $ (66,402)

1,824        
(9,768 )     
-       

2,776
5,952
1,030
$ (59,478 )   $  (66,402 )  $ (56,644)

2,254      
(9,178 )   
-     

$

1,592      $ 

1,344    $

895

(581 )     
333        
-     
1,344      $ 

(552 )   
103     
-     
895    $

(663)
395
648
1,275

$

$(108,827 )   $ 
  104,103         (90,529 )   
$

(4,724 )  $ (95,253)
60,237
(4,724 )   $  (95,253 )  $ (35,016)

The  marketable  securities  reclassification  adjustment  in  2012  consists  principally  of  the  securities 
transaction  gain  related  to  the  sale  of  TIMET  common  stock  discussed  in  Note  6.    The  currency  translation 
reclassification adjustment in 2012 relates to CompX’s disposition of its furniture components operations discussed 
in Note 2.  See Note 15 for amounts related to our defined benefit pension plans and OPEB plans.   

F-22 

 
  
  
  
 
  
    
         
       
    
         
       
    
         
       
 
    
         
       
    
         
       
 
 
    
         
       
    
         
       
 
 
 
    
         
       
    
         
       
 
 
 
    
         
       
 
Note 14 - Income taxes:  

The provision for income taxes attributable to continuing operations, the difference between such provision 
for income taxes, the amount that would be expected using the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate of 35% and the 
comprehensive provision for income taxes are presented below.  

Years ended December 31,
  2013
2012 
2011
(In millions) 

$ 34.4    $ 27.0     $  (33.8)
(7.4)
-
-
(.7)
$ 19.8    $ 19.9      $  (41.9)

(13.3)    
(1.4)    
-     
.1     

(7.4 )     
-       
2.2       
(1.9 )     

Years ended December 31,
  2013
2012 
2011
(In millions) 

$

$

.9  $ (15.0 )   $ 
-
34.9       
(41.9)
19.9     $  (41.9)

18.9 
19.8  $

Years ended December 31,
  2013
2012 
2011
(In millions) 

$

19.8  $
4.9 

19.9     $  (41.9)
9.1       
-

63.8 
(3.1)  
(4.3)  
(.1)  

(43.6 )     
3.0       
(3.7 )     
(.2 )     
81.0  $ (15.5 )   $ 

26.2
.7
5.3
.2
(9.5)

$

Expected tax expense (benefit), at U.S. federal statutory income 

tax rate of 35% 

Incremental U.S. tax and rate differences on equity in earnings 
Tax rate changes 
Nondeductible goodwill impairment 
U.S. state income taxes other, net 

Income tax expense (benefit) 

Components of income tax expense (benefit): 

Currently payable (receivable) 
Deferred income taxes (benefit) 

Income tax expense (benefit) 

Comprehensive provision for income taxes (benefit) allocable to: 

Income (loss) from continuing operations 
Discontinued operations 
Other comprehensive income (loss): 

Marketable securities 
Currency translation 
Pension liabilities 
OPEB plans 
Total 

F-23 

 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
    
 
    
        
 
 
  
  
  
  
    
 
    
        
 
 
    
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
The  components  of  the  net  deferred  tax  liability  at  December 31,  2012  and  2013  are  summarized  in  the 

following table.   

$

Tax effect of temporary differences related to: 

Inventories 
Marketable securities 
Property and equipment 
Accrued OPEB costs 
Accrued pension cost 
Accrued environmental liabilities 
Other accrued liabilities and deductible  

differences 

Other taxable differences 
Investment in Kronos Worldwide, Inc. 
Tax loss and tax credit carryforwards 
Valuation allowance 

Adjusted gross deferred tax assets(liabilities) 
Netting of items by tax jurisdiction 

Less net current deferred tax asset 

Net noncurrent deferred tax liability 

$

December 31, 

2012

2013 

Assets

Liabilities

Assets 

  Liabilities

(In millions) 

1.0    $
-     
-     
1.6     
4.9     
16.9     

3.0     
-     
-     
.1     
(.1)   
27.4     
(23.1)   
4.3     
4.3     
-    $

-    $
(62.5)   
(3.8)   
-     
-     
-     

-     
(8.7)   
(120.0)   
-     
-     
(195.0)   
23.1     
(171.9)   
-     
(171.9)  $

.9     $ 
-       
-       
1.3       
1.7       
40.1       

2.5       
-       
-       
1.8       
-       
48.3       
(44.5 )     
3.8       
3.8       
-     $ 

-
(88.1)
(4.1)
-
-
-

-
(7.7)
(106.5)
-
-
(206.4)
44.5
(161.9)
-
(161.9)

Tax authorities are examining certain of our U.S. and non-U.S. tax returns, including those of Kronos, and 
tax  authorities  have  or  may  propose  tax  deficiencies,  including  penalties  and  interest.    We  cannot  guarantee  that 
these tax matters will be resolved in our favor due to the inherent uncertainties involved in settlement initiatives and 
court  and  tax  proceedings.    We  believe  that  we  have  adequate  accruals  for  additional  taxes  and  related  interest 
expense  which  could  ultimately  result  from  tax  examinations.    We  believe  the  ultimate  disposition  of  tax 
examinations should not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations 
or liquidity.   

In 2011 and 2012, Kronos received notices of re-assessment from the Canadian federal and provincial tax 
authorities related to the years 2002 through 2004.  Kronos objects to the re-assessments and believes the position is 
without merit.  Accordingly, the re-assessments are being appealed.  If the full amount of the proposed adjustment 
were ultimately to be assessed against Kronos the cash tax liability would be approximately $15.7 million.  Kronos 
believes that it has adequate accruals for this matter.   

We accrue interest and penalties on our uncertain tax positions as a component of our provision for income 

taxes.  The amount of interest and penalties we accrued during 2011, 2012 and 2013 was not material.   

At December 31, 2011, 2012, and 2013, the amount of our uncertain tax positions (exclusive of the effect 
of interest and penalties) was $16.8 million, and there was no change in such amount during the past three years.  
We currently estimate that our unrecognized tax position will not change materially during the next twelve months.  
If our uncertain tax positions were recognized, a benefit of $15.2 million would affect our effective income tax rate 
in each of 2011, 2012 and 2013.   

We file income tax returns in various U.S. federal, state and local jurisdictions.  Prior to 2012, we also filed 
income tax returns in various non-U.S. jurisdictions, principally in Canada and Taiwan.  Our U.S. income tax returns 
prior to 2010 are generally considered closed to examination by applicable tax authorities. 

F-24 

 
  
  
  
  
  
    
        
        
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
Note 15 - Employee benefit plans:  

Defined  contribution  plans  -  We  maintain  various  defined  contribution  pension  plans  worldwide.  
Company contributions are based on matching or other formulas.  Defined contribution plan expense attributable to 
continuing operations approximated $1.8 million in 2011, $1.9 million in 2012 and $2.1 million in 2013.   

Accounting for defined benefit pension and postretirement benefits other than pension (OPEB) plans - 
We  recognize  all  changes  in  the  funded  status  of  these  plans  through  other  income.    Any  future  changes  will  be 
recognized  either  in  net  income,  to  the  extent  they  are  reflected  in  periodic  benefit  cost,  or  through  other 
comprehensive income. 

Defined benefit plans - We maintain a defined benefit pension plan in the U.S.  We also maintain a plan in 
the United Kingdom related to a former disposed business unit in the U.K.  The benefits under our defined benefit 
plans are based upon years of service and employee compensation.  The plans are closed to new participants and no 
additional benefits accrue to existing plan participants.  Our funding policy is to contribute annually the minimum 
amount required under ERISA (or equivalent non-U.S.) regulations plus additional amounts as we deem appropriate.   

We expect to contribute approximately $1.7 million to all of our defined benefit pension plans during 2014.  

Benefit payments to all plan participants out of plan assets are expected to be the equivalent of:  

Years ending December 31, 

2014 
2015 
2016 
2017 
2018 
Next 5 years 

$ 

Amount 
(In millions)   
3.6  
3.7  
3.8  
3.9  
3.9  
20.1  

F-25 

 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
The funded status of our defined benefit pension plans is presented in the table below.   

Change in projected benefit obligations (PBO): 

Balance at beginning of the year 
Interest cost 
Participant contributions 
Actuarial losses (gains) 
Change in currency exchange rates 
Benefits paid 

Benefit obligation at end of the year 

Change in plan assets: 

Fair value at beginning of the year 
Actual return on plan assets 
Employer contributions 
Participant contributions 
Change in currency exchange rates 
Benefits paid 

Fair value of plan assets at end of year 

Funded status 
Amounts recognized in the consolidated balance sheets: 

Noncurrent pension asset 
Accrued pension costs: 

Current 
Noncurrent 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss – actuarial  

losses, net 

Accumulated benefit obligation (ABO) 

Years ended 
December 31, 
2012 
2013 
(In thousands) 

$ 57,000     $  59,415  
2,161  
7  
(3,696 ) 
223  
(3,452 ) 
  59,415        54,658  

2,379       
7       
2,874       
454       
(3,299 )     

6,083       
2,247       
7       
373       
(3,299 )    

  40,087        45,498  
5,589  
1,510  
7  
250  
(3,452 ) 
  45,498        49,402  
$ (13,917 )   $  (5,256 ) 

$

-    $ 

364  

(170 )     
(167 ) 
  (13,747 )     
(5,453 ) 
$ (13,917 )   $  (5,256 ) 

$ 31,100     $  24,557  
$ 59,415     $  54,658  

The amounts shown in the table above for actuarial losses at December 31, 2012 and 2013 have not been 
recognized  as  components  of  our  periodic  defined  benefit  pension  cost  as  of  those  dates.    These  amounts  will  be 
recognized  as  components  of  our  periodic  defined  benefit  cost  in  future  years.    These  amounts,  net  of  deferred 
income  taxes,  are  recognized  in  our  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  (loss)  at  December 31,  2012  and 
2013.  We expect that $.9 million of the unrecognized actuarial losses at December 31, 2013 will be recognized as a 
component of our periodic defined benefit pension cost in 2014.    

The table below details the changes in other comprehensive income during 2011, 2012 and 2013. 

Years ended December 31,
2013
2012 
2011 
(In thousands)

Changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive 

income (loss): 

Net actuarial gain (loss) arising during the year 
Amortization of unrecognized net actuarial loss 

Total 

F-26 

$ (10,360 )   $ 

(426 )  $
900        1,353      
927     $

$ (9,460 )   $ 

5,305
1,238
6,543

 
  
  
  
 
  
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
        
 
    
        
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
    
        
        
 
The  components  of  our  net  periodic  defined  benefit  pension  cost  are  presented  in  the  table  below.    The 
amount shown below for the amortization of unrecognized actuarial losses in 2011, 2012 and 2013, net of deferred 
income  taxes,  was  recognized  as  a  component  of  our  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  (loss)  at 
December 31, 2010, 2011 and 2012, respectively.   

Years ended December 31,
2013
2012 
2011 
(In thousands)

Net periodic pension cost (income): 

Interest cost on PBO 
Expected return on plan assets 
Recognized net actuarial loss 

Total 

$ 2,615     $  2,379     $ 2,161
(3,975)
1,238
(576)

(3,905 )      (3,658 )   
900        1,353      
74     $
(390 )   $ 

$

Certain information concerning our defined benefit pension plans is presented in the table below.   

PBO at end of the year: 
U.S.  plan 
U.K.  plan 
Total 

Fair value of plan assets at end of the year: 

U.S.  plan 
U.K.  plan 
Total 

Plans for which the accumulated benefit obligation exceeds plan assets: 

PBO 
ABO 
Fair value of plan assets 

December 31, 
2012 
2013 
(In thousands) 

$ 50,022     $  44,850
9,808
$ 59,415     $  54,658

9,393       

$ 36,346     $  39,230
9,152        10,172
$ 45,498     $  49,402

$ 59,415     $  44,850
  59,415        44,850
  45,498        39,230

The  weighted-average  discount  rate  assumptions  used  in  determining  the  actuarial  present  value  of  our 
benefit  obligations  as  of  December 31,  2012  and  2013  are  3.7%  and  4.5%,  respectively.    Such  weighted-average 
rates  were  determined  using  the  projected  benefit  obligations  at  each  date.    Since  our  plans  are  closed  to  new 
participants  and  no  new  additional  benefits  accrue  to  existing  plan  participants,  assumptions  regarding  future 
compensation  levels  are  not  applicable.    Consequently,  the  accumulated  benefit  obligations  for  all  of  our  defined 
benefit pension plans were equal to the projected benefit obligations at December 31, 2012 and 2013.  

The weighted-average rate assumptions used in determining the net periodic pension cost for 2011, 2012 
and  2013  are  presented  in  the  table  below.    Such  weighted-average  discount  rates  were  determined  using  the 
projected  benefit  obligations  as  of  the  beginning  of  each year  and  the  weighted-average  long-term  return  on  plan 
assets was determined using the fair value of plan assets as of the beginning of each year.  

Rate 

Discount rate 
Long-term return on plan assets 

Years ended December 31, 
2012 

2013 

2011

5.2%  
9.3%  

4.3 %     
9.2 %     

3.7%
9.2%

Variances  from  actuarially  assumed  rates  will  result  in  increases  or  decreases  in  accumulated  pension 

obligations, pension expense and funding requirements in future periods.   

F-27 

 
  
  
  
 
  
    
        
        
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
    
        
 
    
        
 
    
        
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
At December 31, 2012 and 2013, substantially all of the assets attributable to our U.S. plan were invested 
in the Combined Master Retirement Trust (CMRT), a collective investment trust sponsored by Contran to permit the 
collective investment by certain master trusts that fund certain employee benefits plans sponsored by Contran and 
certain  of  its  affiliates.    The  CMRT’s  long-term  investment  objective  is  to  provide  a  rate  of  return  exceeding  a 
composite  of  broad  market  equity  and  fixed  income  indices  (including  the  S&P  500  and  certain  Russell  indices) 
while utilizing both third-party investment managers as well as investments directed by Mr. Simmons (prior to his 
death in December 2013). Prior to his death, Mr. Simmons was the sole trustee of the CMRT, and he, along with the 
CMRT’s  investment  committee,  of  which  Mr. Simmons  was  a  member,  actively  managed  the  investments  of  the 
CMRT.   

The CMRT trustee and investment committee did not maintain a specific target asset allocation in order to 
achieve their objectives, but instead they periodically changed the asset mix of the CMRT based upon, among other 
things, advice they received from third-party advisors and their expectations regarding potential returns for various 
investment alternatives and what asset mix would generate the greatest overall return.  Prior to December 2012, the 
CMRT  had  an  investment  in  TIMET  common  stock;  however,  in  December  2012  the  CMRT  sold  its  shares  of 
common stock in conjunction with the tender offer discussed in Note 6.  During the history of the CMRT from its 
inception in 1988 through December 31, 2013, the average annual rate of return has been 14%.  For the years ended 
December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, the assumed long-term rate of return for plan assets invested in the CMRT was 
10%.    In  determining  the  appropriateness  of  the  long-term  rate  of  return  assumption,  we  primarily  relied  on  the 
historical  rates  of  return  achieved  by  the  CMRT,  although  we  considered  other  factors  as  well  including,  among 
other things, the investment  objectives of the CMRT’s managers and their expectation that such historical returns 
would in the future continue to be achieved over the long-term.   

Following the death of Mr. Simmons in December 2013, the Contran board of directors in January 2014 
appointed  a  financial  institution  as  the  new  directed  trustee  of  the  CMRT,  and  the  Contran  board  appointed  five 
individuals (all executive officers of Contran) as the new investment committee of the CMRT.   The new investment 
committee intends to reallocate to current and/or new investment managers or various mutual funds the portion of 
the  CMRT  assets  that  had  previously  been  under  the  direct  and  active  management  by  Mr.  Simmons.    Such 
reallocation will be done prudently over a period of time, given the asset composition of this portion of the portfolio.   
Concurrent with this change in investment strategy in which there is no longer a portion of the CMRT’s assets under 
the direct  and active  management  by  Mr. Simmons,  and  considering  the  long-term  asset  mix  for  the assets  of  the 
CMRT  and  the  expected  long-term  rates  of  return  for  such  asset  components  as  well  as  advice  from  Contran’s 
actuaries,  beginning  in  2014  the  assumed  long-term  rate  of  return  for  plan  assets  invested  in  the  CMRT  will  be 
reduced to 7.5%. 

F-28 

 
The  CMRT  unit  value  is  determined  semi-monthly,  and  the  plans  have  the  ability  to  redeem  all  or  any 
portion of their investment in the CMRT at any time based on the most recent semi-monthly valuation.  However, 
the  plans  do  not  have  the  right  to  individual  assets  held  by  the  CMRT  and  the  CMRT  has  the  sole  discretion  in 
determining  how  to  meet  any  redemption  request.    For  purposes  of  our  plan  asset  disclosure,  we  consider  the 
investment  in  the  CMRT  a  Level  2  input  because  (i) the  CMRT  value  is  established  semi-monthly  and  the  plans 
have the right to redeem their investment in the CMRT, in part or in whole, at any time based on the most recent 
value and (ii) observable inputs from Level 1 or Level 2 were used to value approximately 83% of the assets of the 
CMRT at each of December 31, 2012 and 2013 as noted below.  The aggregate fair value of all of the CMRT assets, 
including funds of Contran and its other affiliates that also invest in the CMRT and supplemental asset mix details of 
the CMRT are as follows:  

CMRT asset value 
CMRT fair value input: 

Level 1 
Level 2 
Level 3 

CMRT asset mix: 

Domestic equities, principally publicly traded 
International equities, publicly traded 
Fixed income securities, publicly traded 
Privately managed limited partnerships 
Other, primarily cash 

December 31, 

2012

2013 
(In thousands) 
$726,410     $ 722,764   

82%     
1       
17       
100%     

43%     
2       
12       
8       
35       
100%     

79 % 
4   
17   
100 % 

53 % 
-   
35   
11   
1   
100 % 

The relatively large percentage of the CMRT invested in cash and other assets at December 31, 2012 is the 
result of the CMRT’s December 2012 disposition of its shares of TIMET common stock, which generated aggregate 
proceeds to the CMRT of $254.7 million (or approximately 35% of the CMRT’s total asset value at December 31, 
2012), and which funds were invested in a cash equivalent at the end of 2012.  Subsequently in January 2013, the 
CMRT redeployed such proceeds into other investments.  

The composition of our December 31, 2012 and 2013 pension plan assets by fair value level is shown in the 
table below.  The amounts shown for plan assets invested in the CMRT include a nominal amount of cash held by 
our U.S.  pension plan which is not part of the plans investment in the CMRT.   

December 31, 2012: 
CMRT 
Other 

Total 

December 31, 2013: 
CMRT 
Other 

Total 

Fair Value Measurements 

Total

Quoted Prices in
Active Markets
(Level 1)
(In thousands)

Significant 
Other 
Observable 
Inputs (Level 2)

-  $ 

9,152 
9,152  $ 

-  $ 
10,172    
10,172   $ 

36,346
-
36,346

39,230
-
39,230

$

$

$

$

36,346    $
9,152     
45,498    $

39,230    $
10,172     
49,402    $

F-29 

 
  
  
  
 
  
    
         
  
 
 
 
  
 
    
         
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
    
        
 
    
 
 
    
        
 
    
 
Postretirement  benefits  other  than  pensions  - We provide certain health care and life insurance benefits 
for  eligible  retired  employees.    These  plans  are  closed  to  new  participants,  and  no  additional  benefits  accrue  to 
existing plan participants.  The majority of all retirees are required to contribute a portion of the cost of their benefits 
and certain current and future retirees are eligible for reduced health care benefits at age 65.  We have no OPEB plan 
assets,  rather,  we  fund  postretirement  benefits  as  they  are  incurred,  net  of  any  contributions  by  the  retiree.    At 
December 31,  2013,  we  currently  expect  to  contribute  approximately  $.6  million  to  all  OPEB  plans  during  2014.  
Contribution  to  our  OPEB  plans  to  cover  benefit  payments,  net  of  estimated  Medicare  Part  D  subsidy  of 
approximately $43,000 per year, expected to be paid to OPEB plan participants are summarized in the table below:   

Years ending December 31, 

2014 
2015 
2016 
2017 
2018 
Next 5 years 

The funded status of our OPEB plans is presented in the table below.   

Change in accumulated OPEB obligations: 
Balance at beginning of the year 
Interest cost 
Actuarial gain 
Net benefits paid 
Obligations at end of the year 

Fair value of plan assets at end of year 
Funded status 
Accrued OPEB costs recognized in the Consolidated Balance Sheets: 

Current 
Noncurrent 
Total 

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss): 

Unrecognized net actuarial losses 
Unrecognized prior service credit 

Total 

$ 

Amount 
(In millions)   
.6  
.5  
.5  
.4  
.4  
1.3  

Years ended 
December 31, 

2012 
2013 
(In thousands) 

$

$

$

$

$

$

5,106     $ 
157       
(282 )     
(476 )     
4,505       
-       
(4,505 )   $ 

4,505
105
(240)
(506)
3,864
-
(3,864)

(644 )   $ 
(3,861 )     
(4,505 )   $ 

(596)
(3,268)
(3,864)

558     $ 
(2,494 )     
(1,936 )   $ 

464
(1,806)
(1,342)

The  amounts  shown  in  the  table  above  for  unrecognized  actuarial  losses  and  prior  service  credit  at 
December 31, 2012 and 2013 have not been recognized as components of our periodic OPEB cost as of those dates.  
These amounts will be recognized as components of our periodic OPEB cost in future years.  These amounts, net of 
deferred income taxes, are now recognized in our accumulated other comprehensive income at December 31, 2012 
and  2013.    We  expect  to  recognize  approximately  $.6  million  of  the  prior  service  credit  and  approximately  $.2 
million of actuarial gains as a component of our periodic OPEB cost in 2014.   

F-30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
    
        
 
 
 
 
 
    
        
 
    
        
 
The table below details the changes in other comprehensive income during 2011, 2012 and 2013.   

Changes in benefit obligations recognized in other comprehensive income (loss): 

Net actuarial gain arising during the year 
Amortization of unrecognized: 

Actuarial gain 
Prior service credit 
Total 

Years ended December 31,
2013
2012 
2011 
(In thousands)

$

949     $ 

282     $

240

-       
(800 )     
149     $ 

(99 )   
(698 )   
(515 )  $

(146)
(688)
(594)

$

The components of our periodic OPEB cost are presented in the table below.  The amounts shown below 
for  the  amortization  of  unrecognized  actuarial  losses  and  prior  service  credit  in  2012  and  2013,  net  of  deferred 
income  taxes,  were  recognized  as  components  of  our  accumulated  other  comprehensive  income  at  December 31, 
2011, 2012 and 2013 respectively.   

Net periodic OPEB cost (income): 

Interest cost 
Amortization of actuarial gain 
Amortization of prior service credit 

Total 

Years ended 
December 31,
2012 
(In thousands)

2011 

2013

$

$

236     $ 
-       
(800 )     
(564 )   $ 

157     $
(99 )   
(698 )   
(640 )  $

105
(146)
(688)
(729)

A  summary  of  our  key  actuarial  assumptions  used  to  determine  the  net  benefit  obligation  as  of 

December 31, 2012 and 2013 follows:  

Health care inflation: 
Initial rate 
Ultimate rate 
Year of ultimate rate achievement 

Discount rate 

2012

2013 

7.5%     
5.0%     

7.0 % 
5.0 % 

2018        2018   

2.5%     

3.2 % 

The assumed health care cost trend rates have an effect on the amount we report for health care plans.  A 
one-percent  change  in  assumed  health  care  cost  trend  rates  would  not  have  a  material  effect  on  the  net  periodic 
OPEB cost for 2013 or on the accumulated OPEB obligation at December 31, 2013.   

Effect on net OPEB cost during 2013 
Effect at December 31, 2013 on Postretirement  

obligation 

1% Increase 1% Decrease 
(In thousands) 
2   $ 

(2 ) 

$

98    

(91 ) 

The  weighted-average  discount  rate  used  in  determining  the  net  periodic  OPEB  cost  for  2013  was  2.5% 
(the  rate  was  3.3%  in  2012  and  4.0%  in  2011).    The  weighted-average  rate  was  determined  using  the  projected 
benefit obligation as of the beginning of each year.  

F-31 

 
  
  
  
 
  
    
        
        
    
        
        
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
    
        
        
 
 
  
  
 
   
         
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
Note 16 - Related party transactions:  

We may be deemed to be controlled by Ms. Lisa Simmons, Ms. Connelly and Ms. Annette Simmons.  See 
Note 1.  Corporations that may be deemed to be controlled by or affiliated with such individuals sometimes engage 
in  (a) intercorporate  transactions  such  as  guarantees,  management  and  expense  sharing  arrangements,  shared  fee 
arrangements, joint ventures, partnerships, loans, options, advances of funds on open account, and sales, leases and 
exchanges  of  assets,  including  securities  issued  by  both  related  and  unrelated  parties  and  (b) common  investment 
and  acquisition  strategies,  business  combinations,  reorganizations,  recapitalizations,  securities  repurchases,  and 
purchases and sales (and other acquisitions and dispositions) of subsidiaries, divisions or other business units, which 
transactions have involved both related and unrelated parties and have included transactions which resulted in the 
acquisition  by  one  related  party  of  a  publicly-held  noncontrolling  interest  in  another  related  party.    While  no 
transactions of the type described above are planned or proposed with respect to us other than as set forth in these 
financial statements, we continuously consider, review and evaluate, and understand that Contran and related entities 
consider,  review  and  evaluate  such  transactions.    Depending  upon  the  business,  tax  and  other  objectives  then 
relevant, it is possible that we might be a party to one or more such transactions in the future.  

Current receivables from and payables to affiliates are summarized in the table below:  

Current receivables from affiliates: 

Income taxes receivable from Valhi 
Other - trade items 
Total 
Current payables to affiliates: 

Income taxes payable to Valhi 
Other - trade items 
Total 

December 31, 
2012
2013 
(In thousands) 

$

$

$

$

-     $ 
-      
-     $ 

270     $ 
258       
528     $ 

54  
61  
115  

-  
49  
49  

From  time  to  time,  we  will  have  loans  and  advances  outstanding  between  us  and  various  related  parties, 
pursuant  to  term  and  demand  notes.    We  generally  enter  into  these  loans  and  advances  for  cash  management 
purposes.  When we loan funds to related parties, we are generally able to earn a higher rate of return on the loan 
than the lender would earn if the funds were invested in other instruments.  While certain of such loans may be of a 
lesser credit quality than cash equivalent instruments otherwise available to us, we believe that we have evaluated 
the credit risks involved and reflected those credit risks in the terms of the applicable loans.  When we borrow from 
related  parties,  we  are  generally  able  to  pay  a  lower  rate  of  interest  than  we  would  pay  if  we  borrowed  from 
unrelated  parties.    In  this  regard,  in  June  2010,  we  entered  into  a  promissory  note  with  Valhi,  whereby,  as 
subsequently  amended,  we  may  borrow  up  to  $40  million.    Interest  expense  on  our  promissory  note  to  Valhi 
aggregated  approximately  $.3  million  in  each  of  2011  and  2012.    During  2013  we  had  no  borrowings  under  this 
note.  See Note 12.  

Under  the  terms  of  various  intercorporate  services  agreements  (ISAs)  we  enter  into  with  Contran, 
employees  of Contran will  provide  certain management,  tax planning,  financial  and  administrative  services  to  the 
other company on a fee basis.  Such charges are based upon estimates of the time devoted by the Contran employees 
to our affairs and the compensation and other expenses associated with those persons.  Because of the large number 
of companies affiliated with Contran, we believe we benefit from cost savings and economies of scale gained by not 
having  certain  management,  financial  and  administrative  staffs  duplicated  at  each  entity,  thus  allowing  certain 
Contran employees to provide services to multiple companies but only be compensated by Contran.  The net ISA 
fees  charged  to  us  by  Contran,  (including  amounts  attributable  to  Kronos  for  all  periods),  approved  by  the 
independent members of the applicable board of directors, aggregated approximately $18.2 million in 2011, $21.2 
million  in  2012  and  $24.1  million  in  2013.    This  agreement  is  renewed  annually,  and  we  expect  to  pay 
approximately $21.9 million under the ISA during 2014.   

F-32 

 
  
  
  
 
  
    
        
 
 
    
        
 
 
Tall  Pines  Insurance  Company  and  EWI  RE,  Inc.    provide  for  or  broker  certain  insurance  policies  for 
Contran  and  certain  of  its  subsidiaries and affiliates,  including  ourselves.    Tall  Pines  and  EWI  are  subsidiaries of 
Valhi.  Consistent with insurance industry practices, Tall Pines and EWI receive commissions from insurance and 
reinsurance underwriters and/or assess fees for the policies that they provide or broker.  These amounts principally 
included payments for insurance and reinsurance premiums paid to third parties, but also included commissions paid 
to  Tall  Pines  and  EWI.    Tall  Pines  purchases  reinsurance  from  third-party  insurance  carriers  with  an  A.M.    Best 
Company rating of generally at least A- (excellent) for substantially all of the risks it underwrites.  We expect these 
relationships with Tall Pines and EWI will continue in 2014.   

Contran  and  certain  of  its  subsidiaries  and  affiliates,  including  us,  purchase  certain  of  their  insurance 
policies  as  a  group,  with  the  costs  of  the  jointly-owned  policies  being  apportioned  among  the  participating 
companies.    With  respect  to  certain  of  such  policies,  it  is  possible  that  unusually  large  losses  incurred  by  one  or 
more  insured  party  during  a  given  policy  period  could  leave  the  other  participating  companies  without  adequate 
coverage under that policy for the balance of the policy period.  As a result, Contran and certain of its subsidiaries 
and affiliates, including us, have entered into a loss sharing agreement under which any uninsured loss is shared by 
those entities who have submitted claims under the relevant policy.  We believe the benefits in the form of reduced 
premiums  and  broader  coverage  associated  with  the  group  coverage  for  such  policies  justifies  the  risk  associated 
with the potential for any uninsured loss.   

Note 17 - Other operating income (expense):  

We  have  agreements  with  certain  insurance  carriers  pursuant  to  which  the  carriers  reimburse  us  for  a 
portion  of  our  past  lead  pigment  and  asbestos  litigation  defense  costs.    Insurance  recoveries  include  amounts  we 
received from these insurance carriers.  The majority of the $16.9 million of insurance recoveries we recognized in 
2011  relate  to  a  new  settlement  we  reached  with  one  of  our  insurance  carriers  in  September  2011  in  which  they 
agreed to reimburse us for a portion of our past litigation defense costs.   

The  agreements  with  certain  of  our  insurance  carriers  also  include  reimbursement  for  a  portion  of  our 
future  litigation  defense  costs.    We  are  not  able  to  determine  how  much  we  will  ultimately  recover  from  these 
carriers for defense costs incurred by us because of certain issues that arise regarding which defense costs qualify for 
reimbursement.  Accordingly, these insurance recoveries are recognized when the receipt is probable and the amount 
is  determinable.    Substantially  all  of  the  insurance  recoveries  received  in  2012  and  2013  are  reimbursement  for 
ongoing litigation defense costs.  See Note 18.   

The litigation settlement gain we recognized in 2012 is discussed in Note 18.  Other operating income, net, 
in  2012  includes  $3.2  million  from  the  sale  of  certain  real  property  owned  by  us  for  which  we  had  a  nominal 
carrying value.   

Note 18 - Commitments and contingencies:  
Lead pigment litigation  

Our  former  operations  included  the  manufacture  of  lead  pigments  for  use  in  paint  and  lead-based  paint.  
We,  other  former  manufacturers  of  lead  pigments  for  use  in  paint  and  lead-based  paint  (together,  the  “former 
pigment  manufacturers”),  and  the  Lead  Industries  Association  (LIA),  which  discontinued  business  operations  in 
2002, have been  named  as  defendants  in  various  legal  proceedings  seeking damages  for personal  injury, property 
damage and governmental expenditures allegedly caused by the use of lead-based paints.  Certain of these actions 
have been filed by or on behalf of states, counties, cities or their public housing authorities and school districts, and 
certain  others  have  been  asserted  as  class  actions.    These  lawsuits  seek  recovery  under  a  variety  of  theories, 
including public and private nuisance, negligent product design, negligent failure to warn, strict liability, breach of 
warranty,  conspiracy/concert  of  action,  aiding  and  abetting,  enterprise  liability,  market  share  or  risk  contribution 
liability,  intentional  tort,  fraud  and  misrepresentation,  violations  of  state  consumer  protection  statutes,  supplier 
negligence and similar claims.  

F-33 

 
 
 
The  plaintiffs  in  these  actions  generally  seek  to  impose  on  the  defendants  responsibility  for  lead  paint 
abatement and health concerns associated with the use of lead-based paints, including damages for personal injury, 
contribution  and/or  indemnification  for  medical  expenses,  medical  monitoring  expenses  and  costs  for  educational 
programs.  To the extent the plaintiffs seek compensatory or punitive damages in these actions, such damages are 
generally unspecified.  In some cases, the damages are unspecified pursuant to the requirements of applicable state 
law.    A  number  of  cases  are  inactive  or  have  been  dismissed  or  withdrawn.    Most  of  the  remaining  cases  are  in 
various pre-trial stages.  Some are on appeal following dismissal or summary judgment rulings or a trial verdict in 
favor of either the defendants or the plaintiffs.   

We  believe  that  these  actions  are  without  merit,  and  we  intend  to  continue  to  deny  all  allegations  of 
wrongdoing and liability and to defend against all actions vigorously.  We do not believe it is probable that we have 
incurred any liability with respect to all of the lead pigment litigation cases to which we are a party, and liability to 
us that may result, if any, in this regard cannot be reasonably estimated, because:  

(cid:121)  we  have  never  settled  any  of  the  market  share,  risk  contribution,  intentional  tort,  fraud,  nuisance, 
supplier negligence, breach of warranty, conspiracy, misrepresentation, aiding and abetting, enterprise 
liability, or statutory cases,  

(cid:121)  no final, non-appealable adverse verdicts have ever been entered against us, and  
(cid:121)  we have never ultimately been found liable with respect to any such litigation matters, including over 
100 cases over a twenty-year period for which we were previously a party and for which we have been 
dismissed without any finding of liability.  

Accordingly, we have not accrued any amounts for any of the pending lead pigment and lead-based paint 
litigation cases.  In addition, we have determined that liability to us which may result, if any, cannot be reasonably 
estimated because there is no prior history of a loss of this nature on which an estimate could be made and there is 
no substantive information available upon which an estimate could be based.   

In  one  of  these  lead  pigment  cases,  in  April  2000  we  were  served  with  a  complaint  in  County  of  Santa 
Clara v. Atlantic Richfield Company, et al. (Superior Court of the State of California, County of Santa Clara, Case 
No.  1-00-CV-788657)  brought  by  a  number  of  California  government  entities  against  the  former  pigment 
manufacturers, the LIA and certain paint manufacturers.  The County of Santa Clara sought to recover compensatory 
damages  for  funds  the  plaintiffs  have  expended  or  will  in  the  future  expend  for  medical  treatment,  educational 
expenses, abatement or other costs due to exposure to, or potential exposure to, lead paint, disgorgement of profit, 
and  punitive  damages.    In  July  2003,  the  trial  judge  granted  defendants’  motion  to  dismiss  all  remaining  claims.  
Plaintiffs  appealed  and  the  intermediate  appellate  court  reinstated  public  nuisance,  negligence,  strict  liability,  and 
fraud  claims  in  March  2006.    A  fourth  amended  complaint  was  filed  in  March  2011  on  behalf  of  The  People  of 
California by the County Attorneys of Alameda, Ventura, Solano, San Mateo, Los Angeles and Santa Clara, and the 
City Attorneys of San Francisco, San Diego and Oakland.  That complaint alleged that the presence of lead paint 
created  a  public  nuisance  in  each  of  the  prosecuting  attorney  jurisdictions  and  seeks  its  abatement.    In  July  and 
August 2013, the case was tried.  In January 2014, the Judge issued a judgment finding us, The Sherwin Williams 
Company and ConAgra jointly and severally liable for the abatement of lead paint in pre-1980 homes, and ordered 
the defendants to pay an aggregate $1.15 billion to the State of California to fund such abatement. NL believes that 
this judgment is inconsistent with California law and is unsupported by the evidence, and we will appeal in the first 
quarter of 2014.   In February 2014, we filed a motion for a new trial.  

F-34 

 
The Santa Clara case is unique in that this is the second time that an adverse verdict in the lead pigment 
litigation has been entered against NL (the first adverse verdict against NL was ultimately overturned on appeal). 
We  have  concluded  that  the  likelihood  of  a  loss  in  this  case  has  not  reached  a  standard  of  “probable”  as 
contemplated  by  ASC  450,  given  (i)  the  substantive,  substantial  and  meritorious  grounds  on  which  the  adverse 
verdict  in  the  Santa  Clara  case  will  be  appealed  (assuming  our  motion  for  a  new  trial  is  not  granted),  (ii)  the 
uniqueness of the Santa Clara verdict (i.e. no final, non-appealable verdicts have ever been rendered against us, or 
any of the other former lead pigment manufacturers, based on the public nuisance theory of liability or otherwise), 
and  (ii)  the  rejection  of  the  public  nuisance  theory  of  liability  as  it  relates  to  lead  pigment  matters  in  many  other 
jurisdictions  (no  jurisdiction  in  which  a  plaintiff  has  asserted  a  public  nuisance  theory  of  liability  has  ever 
successfully  been  upheld).    In  addition,  liability  that  may  result,  if  any,  cannot  be  reasonably  estimated,  as  NL 
continues to have no basis on which an estimate of liability could be made, as discussed above. However, as with 
any legal proceeding, there is no assurance that any of any appeal would be successful, and it is reasonably possible, 
based  on  the  outcome  of  the  appeals  process,  that  NL  may  in  the  future  incur  some  liability  resulting  in  the 
recognition  of  a  loss  contingency  accrual  that  could  have  a  material  adverse  impact  on  our  results  of  operations, 
financial position and liquidity.  

New cases may continue to be filed against us.  We cannot assure you that we will not incur liability in the 
future in respect of any of the pending or possible litigation in view of the inherent uncertainties involved in court 
and jury rulings.  In the future, if new information regarding such matters becomes available to us (such as a final, 
non-appealable adverse verdict against us or otherwise ultimately being found liable with respect to such matters), at 
that  time  we  would  consider  such  information  in  evaluating  any  remaining  cases  then-pending  against  us  as  to 
whether it might then have become probable we have incurred liability with respect to these matters, and whether 
such liability, if any, could have become reasonably estimable.  The resolution of any of these cases could result in 
the recognition of a loss contingency accrual that could have a material adverse impact on our net income for the 
interim or annual period during which such liability is recognized and a material adverse impact on our consolidated 
financial condition and liquidity.   

Environmental matters and litigation  

Our operations are governed by various environmental laws and regulations.  Certain of our businesses are 
and  have  been  engaged  in  the  handling,  manufacture  or  use  of  substances  or  compounds  that  may  be  considered 
toxic or hazardous within the meaning of applicable environmental laws and regulations.  As with other companies 
engaged  in  similar  businesses,  certain of our past  and  current operations  and products  have  the potential  to  cause 
environmental or other damage.  We have implemented and continue to implement various policies and programs in 
an  effort  to  minimize  these  risks.    Our  policy  is  to  maintain  compliance  with  applicable  environmental  laws  and 
regulations at all of our plants and to strive to improve environmental performance.  From time to time, we may be 
subject to environmental regulatory enforcement under U.S. and non-U.S. statutes, the resolution of which typically 
involves  the  establishment  of  compliance  programs.    It  is  possible  that  future  developments,  such  as  stricter 
requirements of environmental laws and enforcement policies, could adversely affect our production, handling, use, 
storage,  transportation,  sale or  disposal  of  such  substances.   We believe that  all  of  our facilities  are  in  substantial 
compliance with applicable environmental laws.  

Certain properties and facilities used in our former operations, including divested primary and secondary 
lead  smelters  and  former  mining  locations,  are  the  subject  of  civil  litigation,  administrative  proceedings  or 
investigations  arising  under  federal  and  state  environmental  laws  and  common  law.    Additionally,  in  connection 
with past operating practices, we are currently involved as a defendant, potentially responsible party (PRP) or both, 
pursuant  to  the  Comprehensive  Environmental  Response,  Compensation  and  Liability  Act,  as  amended  by  the 
Superfund  Amendments  and  Reauthorization  Act  (CERCLA),  and  similar  state  laws  in  various  governmental  and 
private actions associated with waste disposal sites, mining locations, and facilities that we or our predecessors, our 
subsidiaries  or  their  predecessors  currently  or  previously  owned,  operated  or  used,  certain  of  which  are  on  the 
United  States  Environmental  Protection  Agency’s  (EPA)  Superfund  National  Priorities  List  or  similar  state  lists.  
These proceedings seek cleanup costs, damages for personal injury or property damage and/or damages for injury to 
natural resources.  Certain of these proceedings involve claims for substantial amounts.  Although we may be jointly 
and severally liable for these costs, in most cases we are only one of a number of PRPs who may also be jointly and 
severally liable, and among whom costs may be shared or allocated.  In addition, we are also a party to a number of 
personal injury lawsuits filed in various jurisdictions alleging claims related to environmental conditions alleged to 
have resulted from our operations.  

F-35 

 
Obligations  associated  with  environmental  remediation  and  related  matters  are  difficult  to  assess  and 

estimate for numerous reasons including the:  

complexity and differing interpretations of governmental regulations,  

(cid:121) 
(cid:121)  number of PRPs and their ability or willingness to fund such allocation of costs,  
financial capabilities of the PRPs and the allocation of costs among them,  
(cid:121) 
solvency of other PRPs,  
(cid:121) 
(cid:121)  multiplicity of possible solutions,  
(cid:121)  number of years of investigatory, remedial and monitoring activity required,  
(cid:121)  uncertainty  over  the  extent,  if  any,  to  which  our  former  operations  might  have  contributed  to  the 
conditions allegedly giving rise to such personal injury, property damage, natural resource and related 
claims and  

(cid:121)  number  of  years  between  former  operations  and  notice  of  claims  and  lack  of  information  and 

documents about the former operations.  

In  addition,  the  imposition  of  more  stringent  standards  or  requirements  under  environmental  laws  or 
regulations,  new  developments  or  changes  regarding  site  cleanup  costs  or  the  allocation  of  costs  among  PRPs, 
solvency  of  other  PRPs,  the  results  of  future  testing  and  analysis  undertaken  with  respect  to  certain  sites  or  a 
determination that we are potentially responsible for the release of hazardous substances at other sites, could cause 
our expenditures to exceed our current estimates.  We cannot assure you that actual costs will not exceed accrued 
amounts or the upper end of the range for sites for which estimates have been made, and we cannot assure you that 
costs will not be incurred for sites where no estimates presently can be made.  Further, additional environmental and 
related matters may arise in the future.  If we were to incur any future liability, this could have a material adverse 
effect on our consolidated financial statements, results of operations and liquidity.  

We  record  liabilities  related  to  environmental  remediation  and  related  matters  when  estimated  future 
expenditures  are  probable  and  reasonably  estimable.    We  adjust  such  accruals  as  further  information  becomes 
available to us or as circumstances change.  Unless the amounts and timing of such estimated future expenditures are 
fixed and reasonably determinable, we generally do not discount estimated future expenditures to their present value 
due to the uncertainty of the timing of the payout.  We recognize recoveries of costs from other parties, if any, as 
assets  when  their  receipt  is  deemed  probable.    At  December 31,  2012  and  2013,  we  have  not  recognized  any 
receivables for recoveries.  

We  do  not  know  and  cannot  estimate  the  exact  time  frame  over  which  we  will  make  payments  for  our 
accrued environmental and related costs.  The timing of payments depends upon a number of factors, including but 
not limited to the timing of the actual remediation process; which in turn depends on factors outside of our control.  
At each balance sheet date, we estimate the amount of our accrued environmental and related costs which we expect 
to pay within the next twelve months, and we classify this estimate as a current liability.  We classify the remaining 
accrued environmental costs as a noncurrent liability.  

F-36 

 
The table below presents a summary of the activity in our accrued environmental costs during the past three 
years.    The  amount  charged  to  expense  is  included  in  corporate  expense  on  our  Consolidated  Statements  of 
Operations.  

Balance at the beginning of the year 
Additions charged to expense, net 
Payments, net 
Balance at the end of the year 
Amounts recognized in the balance sheet: 

Current liability 
Noncurrent liability 

Total 

Years ended December 31, 
2013 
2012 
2011
(In thousands) 
$ 40,400    $ 41,637     $  48,006
14,467        68,929
(3,299)
(8,098 )     
$ 41,637    $ 48,006     $  113,636

11,326     
(10,089)   

$

7,301    $
34,336     

5,667     $ 
4,859
42,339        108,777
$ 41,637    $ 48,006     $  113,636

Of  the  $11.3  million  net  additions  charged  to  expense  in  2011,  $5.6  million  relates  to  certain  payments 
which have been discounted to their present value because the timing and amounts of such payments are fixed and 
determinable.  Such payments aggregate $6.0 million on an undiscounted basis ($2.0 million that was paid in 2012 
and  $1.0  million  that  was  paid  in  2013,  and  $1  million  that  is  due  in  each  of  2014  through  2016)  and  were 
discounted  to  present  value  using  a  3.0%  discount  rate.    The  aggregate  $.4  million  discount  is  being  charged  to 
expense using the interest method in 2011 through 2016, and the amount of such discount charged to expense in any 
individual year is not material.  

On  a  quarterly  basis,  we  evaluate  the  potential  range  of  our  liability  for  environmental  remediation  and 
related costs at sites where we have been named as a PRP or defendant, including sites for which our wholly-owned 
environmental  management  subsidiary,  NL  Environmental  Management  Services,  Inc.,  (EMS),  has  contractually 
assumed  our  obligations.    At  December 31,  2013,  we  had  accrued  approximately  $114  million  related  to 
approximately 45 sites associated with remediation and related matters that we believe are at the present time and/or 
in  their  current  phase  reasonably  estimable.    The  upper  end  of  the  range  of  reasonably  possible  costs  to  us  for 
remediation and related matters for which we believe it is possible to estimate costs is approximately $154 million, 
including the amount currently accrued.  Other than as indicated above, these accruals have not been discounted to 
present value.  

We believe that it is not possible to estimate the range of costs for certain sites.  At December 31, 2013, 
there were approximately 5 sites for which we are not currently able to estimate a range of costs.  For these sites, 
generally the investigation is in the early stages, and we are unable to determine whether or not we actually had any 
association with the site, the nature of our responsibility, if any, for the contamination at the site and the extent of 
contamination  at  and  cost  to  remediate  the  site.    The  timing  and  availability  of  information  on  these  sites  is 
dependent on events outside of our control, such as when the party alleging liability provides information to us.  At 
certain  of  these  previously  inactive  sites,  we  have  received  general  and  special  notices  of  liability  from  the  EPA 
and/or state agencies alleging that we, sometimes with other PRPs, are liable for past and future costs of remediating 
environmental contamination allegedly caused by former operations.  These notifications may assert that we, along 
with  any  other  alleged  PRPs,  are  liable  for  past  and/or  future  clean-up  costs.    As  further  information  becomes 
available to us for any of these sites which would allow us to estimate a range of costs, we would at that time adjust 
our accruals.  Any such adjustment could result in the recognition of an accrual that would have a material effect on 
our consolidated financial statements, results of operations and liquidity.  

F-37 

 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
    
        
        
 
Insurance coverage claims  

We are involved in certain legal proceedings with a number of our former insurance carriers regarding the 
nature and extent of the carriers’ obligations to us under insurance policies with respect to certain lead pigment and 
asbestos lawsuits.  The issue of whether insurance coverage for defense costs or indemnity or both will be found to 
exist for our lead pigment and asbestos litigation depends upon a variety of factors and we cannot assure you that 
such insurance coverage will be available.  

We have agreements with four former insurance carriers pursuant to which the carriers reimburse us for a 
portion of our future lead pigment litigation defense costs, and one such carrier reimburses us for a portion of our 
future asbestos litigation defense costs.  We are not able to determine how  much we will ultimately recover from 
these  carriers  for  defense  costs  incurred  by  us  because  of  certain  issues  that  arise  regarding  which  defense  costs 
qualify for reimbursement.  While we continue to seek additional insurance recoveries, we do not know if we will be 
successful in obtaining reimbursement for either defense costs or indemnity.  Accordingly, we recognize insurance 
recoveries  in  income  only  when  receipt  of  the  recovery  is  probable  and  we  are  able  to  reasonably  estimate  the 
amount of the recovery.  

In  October  2005  we  were  served  with  a  complaint  in  OneBeacon  American  Insurance  Company  v.    NL 
Industries, Inc., et al.  (Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York, Index No.  603429-05).  The 
plaintiff, a former insurance carrier, sought a declaratory judgment of its obligations to us under insurance policies 
issued to us by the plaintiff’s predecessor with respect to certain lead pigment lawsuits filed against us.  In March 
2006,  the  trial  court  denied  our  motion  to  dismiss.    In  April  2006,  we  filed  a  notice  of  appeal  of  the  trial  court’s 
ruling,  and  in  September  2007,  the  Supreme  Court  –  Appellate  Division  (First  Department)  reversed  and  ordered 
that the OneBeacon complaint be dismissed.  The Appellate Division did not dismiss the counterclaims and cross 
claims.  

In  February  2006,  we  were  served  with  a  complaint  in  Certain  Underwriters  at  Lloyds,  London  v.  
Millennium  Holdings  LLC  et  al.    (Supreme  Court  of  the  State  of  New  York,  County  of  New  York,  Index 
No.  06/60026).  The plaintiff, a former insurance carrier of ours, sought a declaratory judgment of its obligations to 
us under insurance policies issued to us by the plaintiff with respect to certain lead pigment lawsuits.  This case is 
currently stayed.  

Prior to 2011, we reached partial settlements with the plaintiffs in the two cases discussed above, pursuant 
to  which  the  two  former  insurance  carriers  paid  us  an  aggregate  of  approximately  $7.2  million  in  settlement  of 
certain  counter-claims  related  to  past  lead  pigment  and  asbestos  defense  costs.    In  connection  with  these  partial 
settlements, we agreed to dismiss the case captioned NL Industries, Inc. v. OneBeacon America Insurance Company, 
et al. (District Court for Dallas County, Texas, Case No.  05-11347), and in January 2009 we filed a notice of non-
suit  without  prejudice  in  that  matter.    In  March  2010,  we  filed  a  complaint  in  NL  Industries,  Inc.  v.  OneBeacon 
America Insurance Company (Supreme Court of the State of New York, County of New York, Index No.  108881-
2009),  to  address  the  remaining  claims  from  the  New  York  state  cases.    In  December  2013,  we  entered  into  a 
settlement agreement with OneBeacon, pursuant to which they agreed to reimburse us for certain contested past lead 
pigment litigation costs in the amount of $3.9 million.   

In January 2014, we were served with a complaint in Certain Underwriters at Lloyds, London, et al v. NL 
Industries,  Inc.  (Supreme  Court  of  the  State  of  New  York,  County  of  New  York,  Index  No.  14/650103).    The 
plaintiff,  a  former  insurance  carrier  of  ours,  is  seeking  a  declaratory  judgment  of  its  obligations  to  us  under 
insurance  policies  issued  to  us  by  the  plaintiff  with  respect  to  certain  lead  pigment  lawsuits.  The  case  is  now 
proceeding in the trial court.  We believe the action is without merit and intend to defend NL’s rights in this action 
vigorously. 

F-38 

 
In February 2014, we were served with a complaint in Zurich American Insurance Company, as successor-
in-interest  to  Zurich  Insurance  Company,  U.S.  Branch  vs.  NL  Industries,  Inc,  and  The  People  of  the  State  of 
California, acting  by and  through  county  Counsels  of  Santa  Clara,  Alameda,  Los  Angeles,  Monterey, San  Mateo, 
Solano  and  Ventura  Counties  and  the  city  Attorneys  of  Oakland,  San  Diego,  and  San  Francisco,  et  al  (Superior 
Court of California, County of Santa Clara, Case No.: 1-14-CV-259924). The Plaintiff, a former insurance carrier of 
ours, is seeking an Order of Deposit Under C.C.P § 572. This case is now proceeding in the trial court.  We intend to 
defend NL’s coverage rights in this action vigorously. 

Other litigation  

In 2005, certain real property we owned that is subject to environmental remediation was taken from us in a 
condemnation proceeding by a governmental authority in New Jersey.  The condemnation proceeds, the adequacy of 
which we disputed, were placed into escrow with a court in New Jersey.  Because the funds were in escrow with the 
court and were beyond our control, we never gave recognition to such condemnation proceeds for financial reporting 
purposes.  In October 2008 we reached a definitive settlement agreement with such governmental authority and a 
real estate developer, among others, pursuant to which, among other things, we would receive certain agreed-upon 
amounts  in  satisfaction  of  our  claim  to  just  compensation  for  the  taking  of  our  property  in  the  condemnation 
proceeding at three separate closings, and we would be indemnified against certain environmental liabilities related 
to  such  property,  in  exchange  for  the  release  of  our  equitable  lien  on  specified  portions  of  the  property  at  each 
closing.    At  the  initial  October  2008  closing,  we  received  aggregate  proceeds  of  $54.6  million,  comprising  $39.6 
million in cash plus a promissory note in the amount of $15.0 million in exchange for the release of our equitable 
lien  on  a  portion  of  the  property.    The  $15.0  million  promissory  note  bore  interest  at  LIBOR  plus  2.75%,  with 
interest payable monthly and all principal due no later than October 2011.  In April 2009, the second closing was 
completed, pursuant to which we received an aggregate of $11.8 million in cash.  In October 2011, we collected the 
full $15.0 million due to us under the promissory note issued in connection with the first closing.  

In  May  2012,  we  reached  an  agreement  with  the  New  Jersey  governmental  authority  and  the  real  estate 
developer  pursuant  to  which  we  received  an  aggregate  of  $15.6  million  cash  for  the  third  and  final  closing 
contemplated by the October 2008 settlement agreement associated with certain real property NL formerly owned in 
New Jersey.  Upon receipt of these cash proceeds, our equitable lien on a portion of such property was released.  For 
financial reporting purposes, we have accounted for the consideration received in each of the first, second and third 
closings contemplated by the October 2008 settlement agreement by the full accrual method of accounting for real 
estate  sales  (since  the  settlement  agreement  arose  out  of  a  dispute  concerning  the  adequacy  of  the  condemnation 
proceeds  of  our  former  real  property  in  New  Jersey).    Under  this  method,  we  recognized  a  pre-tax  gain  of  $15 
million in the second quarter of 2012 related to the third and final closing, based on the excess of the $15.6 million 
cash  received  over  our  carrying  value  of  the  property  from  which  our  equitable  lien  was  released.   Similarly,  the 
cash consideration we received in each closing is reflected as an investing activity in our Consolidated Statement of 
Cash Flows.  

We have been named as a defendant in various lawsuits in several jurisdictions, alleging personal injuries 
as  a  result  of  occupational  exposure  primarily  to  products  manufactured  by  our  former  operations  containing 
asbestos, silica and/or mixed dust.  In addition, some plaintiffs allege exposure to asbestos from working in various 
facilities previously owned and/or operated by us.  There are 1,130 of these types of cases pending, involving a total 
of  approximately  1,643  plaintiffs.   In  addition,  the  claims  of  approximately  8,298  plaintiffs  have  been 
administratively  dismissed  or  placed  on  the  inactive  docket  in  Ohio,  Indiana  and  Texas  state  courts.    We  do  not 
expect  these  claims  will  be  re-opened  unless  the  plaintiffs  meet  the  courts’  medical  criteria  for  asbestos-related 
claims.  We have not accrued any amounts for this litigation because of the uncertainty of liability and inability to 
reasonably estimate the liability, if any.  To date, we have not been adjudicated liable in any of these matters.  Based 
on information available to us, including:  

facts concerning historical operations,  
the rate of new claims,  
the number of claims from which we have been dismissed and  

(cid:121) 
(cid:121) 
(cid:121) 
(cid:121)  our prior experience in the defense of these matters.  

F-39 

 
We  believe  that  the  range  of  reasonably  possible  outcomes  of  these  matters  will  be  consistent  with  our 
historical  costs  (which  are not  material).    Furthermore, we  do  not  expect  any  reasonably  possible  outcome  would 
involve amounts material to our consolidated financial position, results of operations or liquidity.  We have sought 
and will continue to vigorously seek, dismissal and/or a finding of no liability from each claim.  In addition, from 
time to time, we have received notices regarding asbestos or silica claims purporting to be brought against former 
subsidiaries,  including  notices  provided  to  insurers  with  which  we  have  entered  into  settlements  extinguishing 
certain insurance policies.  These insurers may seek indemnification from us.  

In  addition  to  the  litigation  described  above,  we  and  our  affiliates  are  also  involved  in  various  other 
environmental,  contractual,  product  liability,  patent  (or  intellectual  property),  employment  and  other  claims  and 
disputes incidental to present and former businesses.  In certain cases, we have insurance coverage for these items, 
although we do not expect additional material insurance coverage for environmental matters.  

We currently believe the disposition of all of these various other claims and disputes, individually and in 
the aggregate, should not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position, results of operations 
or liquidity beyond the accruals already provided.  

Concentrations of credit risk  

Component  products  are  sold  primarily  in  North  America  to  original  equipment  manufacturers.    The  ten 
largest customers related to our continuing operations accounted for approximately 39% in 2011, 38% in 2012 and 
42%  in 2013.   San  Mateo Postal  Data,  a  customer  of  CompX’s  Security  Products  business  accounted  for 13% of 
total  sales  in  2013.    Harley  Davidson,  also  a  customer  of  CompX’s  Security  Products  business,  accounted  for 
approximately 13% of total sales in 2011 and 12% of total sales in each of 2012 and 2013.    

Other  

Rent  expense  related  to  continuing  operations,  principally  for  CompX  operating  facilities  and  equipment 
was not significant in 2011, 2012 or 2013 and at December 31, 2013, future minimum rentals under noncancellable 
operating leases are also not significant.   

Income taxes  

We  and  Valhi  have  agreed  to  a  policy  providing  for  the  allocation  of  tax  liabilities  and  tax  payments  as 
described in Note 1.  Under applicable law, we, as well as every other member of the Contran Tax Group, are each 
jointly  and  severally  liable  for  the  aggregate  federal  income  tax  liability  of  Contran  and  the  other  companies 
included in the Contran Tax Group for all periods in which we are included in the Contran Tax Group.  Valhi has 
agreed, however, to indemnify us for any liability for income taxes of the Contran Tax Group in excess of our tax 
liability computed in accordance with the tax allocation policy.  

F-40 

 
Note 19 - Financial instruments:  

The following table summarizes the valuation of our short-term investments and marketable securities, all 

classified as a noncurrent asset, by the ASC Topic 820 categories as of December 31, 2012 and 2013:  

Fair Value Measurements 

Quoted Prices
in Active 
Markets 
(Level 1)

Significant 
Other 
Observable 
Inputs 
(Level 2) 

Significant
Unobservable
Inputs 
(Level 3)

(In thousands)

Total

December 31, 2012 - 

Marketable securities 

December 31, 2013 - 

Marketable securities 

 $

 $

179,662     $

179,662     

252,677     $

252,677     

-       

-       

-

-

The following table presents the financial instruments that are not carried at fair value but which require 

fair value disclosure as December 31, 2012 and 2013:  

December 31, 2012
Fair 
Value

Carrying
Amount

December 31, 2013
Fair 
Value

Carrying 
Amount 

(In thousands) 

Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash equivalents 

and current marketable securities 

$

CompX promissory note payable to TFMC 
Noncontrolling interest in CompX common stock 
NL stockholders’ equity 

85,035    $
18,480     
13,268     
374,815     

85,035    $
18,480     
23,409     
557,259     

57,639     $ 
-       
13,615       
355,380       

57,639
-
23,119
544,174

The fair value of our noncontrolling interest in CompX and NL stockholder’s equity are based upon quoted 
market prices at each balance sheet date, which represent Level 1 inputs as defined by ASC Topic 820-10-35.  The 
fair  value  of  our  promissory  notes  payable  and  our  variable  interest  rate  debt  represent  Level  2  inputs  and  are 
deemed to approximate book value.  Due to their near-term maturities, the carrying amounts of accounts receivable 
and accounts payable are considered equivalent to fair value.  

F-41 

 
 
  
  
  
 
  
     
         
        
        
     
         
        
        
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
Note 20 - Quarterly results of operations (unaudited):  

Year ended December 31, 2012 
Net sales 
Gross margin 

Net income 

Amounts attributable to NL stockholders: 

Income from continuing operations 
Income from discontinued operations 

Net income attributable to NL 

stockholders 

Earnings per share: 

Income from continuing operations 
Discontinued operations 

Net income attributable to NL 

stockholders 

Year ended December 31, 2013 
Net sales 
Gross margin 
Net loss 
Net loss attributable to NL stockholders 
Loss per common share attributable to NL  

stockholders 

Quarter ended 

March 31

June 30

Sept.  30 

  Dec.  31

(In thousands, except per share data)

20,428    $
6,012     
21,247     

22,147    $
6,509     
26,245     

21,281     $ 
6,310       
10,347       

19,340
5,496
21,243

20,475    $
574     

25,199    $
774     

8,508     $ 
1,499       

2,548
14,959

21,049    $

25,973    $

10,007     $ 

17,507

.42    $
.01     

.51    $
.02     

.18     $ 
.03       

.43    $

.53    $

.21     $ 

.05
.31

.36

Quarter ended 

March 31

June 30

Sept.  30 

  Dec.  31

(In thousands, except per share data)

21,453    $
6,020     
(1,998)   
(2,118)  $

24,039    $
7,610     
(14,018)   
(14,255)  $

24,209     $ 
7,514       
(5,684 )     
(5,940 )   $ 

22,344
6,430
(32,843)
(33,020)

(.04)  $

(.29)  $

(.12 )   $ 

(.68)

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

The  sum  of  the  quarterly  per  share  amounts  may  not  equal  the  annual  per  share  amounts  due  to  relative 

changes in the weighted average number of shares used in the per share computations.  

We recognized the following amounts in 2012 related to continuing operations:  

(cid:121) 

aggregate pre-tax income of $3.3 million ($1.1 million, $.3 million, $1.2 million, and $.7 million in the 
first, second, third, and fourth quarter, respectively), related to insurance recoveries, see Note 18, 
(cid:121)  $15.0  million  pre-tax  gain  in  the  second  quarter  related  to  a  settlement  agreement  for  certain 

environmental properties, see Note 18,  

(cid:121)  $1.4  million  ($.9  million  net  of  tax)  included  in  our  equity  in  net  income  of  Kronos  in  the  second 
quarter related to Kronos’ charge for the early extinguishment of its remaining 6.5% Senior Notes due 
2013,  

(cid:121)  $1.1  million  ($.7  million  net  of  tax)  included  in  our  equity  in  net  income  of  Kronos  in  the  fourth 
quarter represents a correction of Kronos’ income tax provision that should have been recognized in 
the third quarter 2011 and is not material to any current or prior periods,  

(cid:121)  $3.2 million pre-tax gain on the sale of certain real property in the fourth quarter, see Note 17,  
(cid:121)  $16.6 million pre-tax gain on the sale of TIMET common stock in the fourth quarter, see Note 6 and  
(cid:121)  $6.4 million pre-tax loss on the write-off of goodwill related to our insurance brokerage subsidiary in 

the fourth quarter, see Note 8.  

F-42 

 
  
  
  
  
    
        
        
        
 
 
    
        
        
        
 
    
        
        
        
 
  
  
  
  
    
        
        
        
 
 
We recognized the following amounts in 2012 related to discontinued operations:  

(cid:121)  $23.7 million pretax gain on the sale of CompX’s Furniture Components operations in the fourth 

quarter, see Note 2. 

We recognized the following amounts in 2013 related to continuing operations: 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120)(cid:3)

(cid:120)(cid:3)

aggregate pre-tax income of $9.4 million ($.6 million, $.9 million, $2.2 million, and $5.7 million in the 
first, second, third, and fourth quarter, respectively), related to insurance recoveries, see Note 18,(cid:3)
$6.8  million  ($4.5  million  net  of  tax)  charge  included  in  our  equity  in  net  loss  of  Kronos  related  to 
Kronos’ third quarter litigation settlement charge.(cid:3)
an  aggregate  charge  of  $1.8  million  ($1.1  million  net  of  tax)  included  in  our  equity  in  net  loss  of 
Kronos related to Kronos’ voluntary prepayments of its term loan ($290 million principal amount in 
the  first  quarter  and  the  remaining  $100  million  outstanding  in  the  third  quarter)  consisting  of  the 
write-off  of  original  issue  discount  costs  and  deferred  financing  costs  associated  with  such 
prepayments. 

(cid:120)(cid:3) An  aggregate  charge  of  $6.3  million  ($4.1  million  net  of  tax)  included  in  our  equity  in  net  loss  of 
Kronos related to Kronos’ unabsorbed fixed production and other costs as a result of its Canadian plant 
lockout in the third and fourth quarters as well as a pension curtailment charge and severance and other 
back-to-work  expenses  associated  with  reaching  terms  of  the  new  Canadian  collective  bargaining 
agreement.    Approximately  $1.6  ($1.1  million  net  of  tax)  million  of  the  costs  (primarily  related  to 
unabsorbed  fixed  production  costs)  related  to  the  third  quarter  of  2013  with  the  remaining  costs 
recognized in the fourth quarter of 2013. 

F-43 

 
 
 
 
NL Industries, Inc.
Three Lincoln Centre
5430 LBJ Freeway, Suite 1700
Dallas, TX  75240-2697
News Release

FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE

Contact:

Gregory M. Swalwell
Vice President, Finance and Chief 
Financial Officer
         (972) 233-1700

NL REPORTS FOURTH QUARTER 2013 RESULTS 

DALLAS,  TEXAS  – March  12,  2014 - NL  Industries,  Inc.  (NYSE: NL)  today  reported a  loss  from 
continuing  operations  attributable  to  NL  stockholders  of  $33.0 million,  or  $.68 per  share,  in  the  fourth 
quarter  of  2013 compared  to  income  from  continuing  operations  attributable  to  NL  stockholders  of  $2.7
million, or $.05 per share, in the fourth quarter of 2012.  For the full year of 2013, NL reported a loss from 
continuing  operations  attributable  to  NL  stockholders  of  $55.3 million,  or  $1.14 per  share  compared  to 
income from continuing operations attributable to NL stockholders of $56.7 million, or $1.16 per share, in 
2012.

Net sales increased 16% in the fourth quarter of 2013 and 11% in the full year of 2013 as compared to the 
same periods of 2012 primarily due to higher demand for high security pin tumbler locks within CompX’s 
Security Products business, and to a lesser extent from an increase in Marine Component sales outside 
of the high performance boat market through gains in market share.   Income from continuing operations 
attributable  to  CompX  increased to  $2.0 million in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2013  compare  to  nil  in  the  2012 
period, and increased to $9.3 million in the full year of 2013 compared to $5.4 million in the full year of 2012,
primarily  due  to  improved  cost  efficiencies  from  higher  sales,  offset  in  part  by  higher  self-insured  medical 
costs in 2013.  In  addition, the  2012 full-year results include the impact of  write-downs on assets held for
sale of $1.2 million ($.02 per share, net of income tax benefit and noncontrolling interest).

Kronos’ net sales of $368.6 million in the fourth quarter of 2013 were $28.2 million, or 7%, lower than in the 
fourth quarter of 2012.  Net sales of $1,732.4 million in the full  year of 2013 were $243.9 million, or 12%, 
lower than in the full year 2012.  Kronos’ net sales decreased in the fourth quarter of 2013 as compared to 
the fourth quarter of 2012 primarily due to lower average TiO2 selling prices.  Net sales decreased in the full 
year  of  2013  primarily  due  to  lower  average  TiO2 selling  prices,  partially  offset  by  higher  sales  volumes.  
Kronos’ average TiO2 selling prices decreased 10% in the fourth quarter of 2013 as compared to the fourth 
quarter of 2012, and decreased 19% for the full year as compared to 2012.  Average TiO2 selling prices at 
the end of 2013 were 7% lower than at the end of 2012 and were 1% higher in the fourth quarter of 2013 as 
compared to the third quarter of 2013.  Kronos’ TiO2 sales volumes in the fourth quarter of 2013 were 1% 
lower than in the fourth quarter of 2012, while sales volumes for the full year 2013 were 6% higher than in 
2012.  TiO2 sales volumes in the fourth quarter of 2013 were impacted by the continued lockout of unionized 
employees  at  Kronos’  Canadian  TiO2 facility,  and  the  resulting  curtailment  of  production  at  such  facility 
during  the  lockout.    A  new  collective  bargaining  agreement  with  the  Canadian  workforce  was  reached 
effective the end of November 2013 and production at the facility resumed in February 2014.  Fluctuations in 
currency  exchange  rates  also  impacted  Kronos’  net  sales  comparisons,  increasing  net  sales  by 
approximately  $8  million  in  the  fourth  quarter  and  approximately  $18  million in  the  full  year  2013  as 
compared to the same periods in 2012.  The table at the end of this press release shows how each of these 
items impacted the overall change in Kronos’ sales.

Kronos’  income from  operations  decreased by  $2.0 million  from  income  of  $1.1 million  in  the  fourth 
quarter of 2012 to a loss of $.9 million in the fourth quarter of 2013 primarily due to the net effects of lower 
raw  materials  and  other  production  costs,  lower  average  TiO2 selling  prices  and  one-time  costs  of 
approximately $9 million resulting from the terms of the new collective bargaining agreement reached with 
Kronos’  Canadian  workforce  mentioned  above. Such  one-time  Canadian  costs  consist  principally  of  a 
non-cash pension charge of approximately $7 million due to the curtailment of one of Kronos’ Canadian 
defined  benefit  pension  plans,  and  severance  and  other  back-to-work  expenses.    For  the  full  year,
Kronos’ income (loss) from operations decreased by $492.2 million from income of $359.6 million in 2012

-1-

to  a  loss  of  $132.6 million  in  2013 primarily  due  to  the  net  effects  of  lower  average  TiO2 selling  prices, 
higher raw materials and other production  costs, higher sales  volumes, a third  quarter 2013  $35 million 
litigation  settlement  charge  (NL’s  equity  interest  was  $4.5  million  or  $.09  per  share,  net  of  income  tax 
benefit), and the one-time Canadian costs as mentioned above.  As expected, Kronos’ cost of sales per 
metric ton of TiO2 sold in the second half of 2013 was lower than the cost of sales per metric ton of TiO2 
sold  in  the  second  half  of  2012,  primarily  due  to  lower  feedstock  ore  costs.    Kronos’  cost  of  sales  per 
metric ton of TiO2 sold  in the first half of 2013  was significantly higher than TiO2 sold in the first half of 
2012, as a substantial portion of the TiO2 products sold in the first quarter of 2013 (and a portion of the 
TiO2 products sold in the second quarter of 2013) was produced with significantly higher-cost feedstock 
ore purchased in 2012.  

Kronos’ TiO2 production volumes were 2% higher in the fourth quarter of 2013 as compared to the fourth 
quarter of 2012, and were 1% higher for the year.  Kronos’ production utilization rates were impacted by 
the lockout at its Canadian production facility that began in June 2013, as Kronos operated its Canadian 
plant  at  approximately  15%  of  the  plant’s  capacity  with  non-union  management  employees  during  the 
lockout.    Kronos’  income  (loss) from  operations  was  negatively  impacted  in  2013  by  approximately  $19 
million of unabsorbed fixed production and other manufacturing costs associated with the lockout at the 
Canadian  production  facility,  of  which  approximately  $12  million  related  to  the  fourth  quarter.    Kronos’ 
income  from  operations  was  negatively  impacted  in  2012  by  approximately  $25  million  of  unabsorbed 
fixed production costs resulting from reduced production volumes in 2012, most of which was incurred in 
the third quarter.  Fluctuations in currency exchange rates increased Kronos’ income from operations by 
approximately  $5 million  in  the  fourth  quarter of  2013 and  decreased  income  from  operations  by 
approximately $2 million in the full year 2013 as compared to the same periods in 2012.

As  previously  reported,  Kronos  recognized  an  aggregate  $7.2  million  pre-tax  interest  charge  in  the 
second  quarter  of  2012  relating  to  the  early  extinguishment  of  its  remaining  Senior  Secured  Notes.    
Kronos recognized an aggregate non-cash pre-tax interest charge of $8.9 million in 2013 associated with
the  write-off  of  unamortized  original  issue  discount  costs  and  deferred  financing  costs,  related  to  the 
voluntary  prepayment  of  its  term  loan  of $290  million  principal  amount  in  the  first  quarter  and  the 
remaining $100 million in the third quarter.  NL’s aggregate equity interest in such charges, net of income 
tax benefit, was $.9 million in 2012 and $1.2 million in 2013 (or $.02 per diluted share in each year).

Insurance  recoveries  reflect  in  part  amounts  we  received  from  certain  of  our  former  insurance  carriers, 
and  relate  to  the  recovery  of  prior  lead  pigment  and  asbestos  litigation  defense  costs  incurred  by  us.
Such insurance recoveries aggregated $9.4 million ($6.1 million, or $.13 per share, net of income taxes) 
in 2013 as compared to $3.3 million ($2.2 million, or $.04 per share, net of income taxes) in 2012.

The litigation settlement gain in 2012 of $15.0 million ($9.7 million, or $.20 per share, net of income taxes) 
relates  to  the  third  and  final  closing  associated  with  certain  real  property  we  formerly  owned  in  New 
Jersey.

Other operating income in the fourth quarter of 2012 includes a $3.2 million gain ($2.1 million, or $.04 per 
share  after  taxes) on the  sale  of  certain  real  property  owned  by  us.
In  addition,  we  recognized  a  $6.4 
million goodwill  impairment  charge ($.13 per  share) in  the  fourth  quarter  of  2012  associated  with  our 
insurance brokerage subsidiary. There is no income tax benefit associated with such charge.

Corporate  expenses  increased  $55.8 million in  the  fourth  quarter of  2013  as  compared  to  the  fourth 
quarter of 2012, and increased $58.0 million in the full year 2013 as compared to 2012, primarily due to 
higher environmental and related costs.

Securities transaction gain in the fourth quarter of 2012 consists of a $16.6 million gain ($10.8 million, or 
$.22 per share after taxes) on the sale, pursuant to a cash tender offer by a third party, of all of our shares 
of Titanium Metals Corporation (TIMET) common stock for $23.9 million. 

In December 2012, we completed the sale of CompX’s Furniture Components operations to a competitor 
for proceeds, net of expenses, of approximately $58.0 million in cash.  We recognized a pre-tax gain of 
approximately $23.7 million in the fourth quarter of 2012 ($14.5 million, or $.30 per share, net of income 
taxes and  noncontrolling  interests).    Discontinued  operations  in  2012  also  includes  full-year  income

-2-

related to the operations of such disposed unit of $3.3 million, or $.07 per share in 2012, net of income 
taxes and noncontrolling interest.

In  February  2014,  NL’s  Board  of  Directors  deferred  consideration  of  a  first  quarter  2014  cash  dividend.  
The  declaration  and  payment  of  future  dividends,  and  the  amount  thereof,  is  discretionary  and  is 
dependent  upon  our  results  of  operations,  financial  condition,  cash  requirements  for  businesses, 
contractual  restrictions  and  other  factors  deemed  relevant  by  our  Board  of  Directors.    The  amount  and 
timing of past dividends is not necessarily indicative of the amount or timing of any future dividends which 
might be paid.  

The  statements  in  this  release  relating  to  matters  that  are  not  historical  facts  are  forward-looking 
statements  that  represent  management's  beliefs  and  assumptions  based  on  currently  available 
information.  Although NL believes that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are 
reasonable,  we  cannot  give  any  assurances  that  these  expectations  will  prove  to  be  correct.    Such 
statements  by  their  nature  involve  substantial  risks  and  uncertainties  that  could  significantly  impact 
expected  results,  and  actual  future  results  could  differ  materially  from  those  described  in  such  forward-
looking  statements.    While  it  is  not  possible  to  identify  all  factors,  we  continue  to  face  many  risks  and 
uncertainties.  Among the factors that could cause actual future results to differ materially include, but are 
not limited to:

Future supply and demand for our products
The extent of the dependence of certain of our businesses on certain market sectors
The cyclicality of our businesses (such as Kronos’ TiO2 operations)

(cid:120)
(cid:120)
(cid:120)
(cid:120) Customer inventory levels
(cid:120) Unexpected or earlier-than-expected industry capacity expansion (such as the TiO2 industry)
(cid:120) Changes in raw material and other operating costs (such as energy, ore, zinc and brass costs) 

and our ability to pass those costs on to our customers or offset them with reductions in other 
operating costs

(cid:120) Changes in the availability of raw material (such as ore)
(cid:120) General global economic and political conditions (such as changes in the level of gross domestic 
product in various regions of the world and the impact of such changes on demand for, among 
other things, TiO2 and component products)

Potential consolidation of Kronos’ competitors
The impact of pricing and production decisions

(cid:120) Competitive pricing, products and substitute products
(cid:120) Customer and competitor strategies
(cid:120) Uncertainties associated with the development of new product features
(cid:120)
(cid:120)
(cid:120) Competitive technology positions
(cid:120)
(cid:120)
(cid:120)
(cid:120)

Potential difficulties in integrating future acquisitions
Potential difficulties in implementing new manufacturing and accounting software systems
The introduction of trade barriers
Possible disruption of Kronos’ or CompX’s business, or increases in our  cost of doing business 
resulting from terrorist activities or global conflicts
The impact of current or future government regulations (including employee healthcare benefit 
related regulations)
Fluctuations in currency exchange rates (such as changes in the exchange rate between the U.S. 
dollar and each of the euro, the Norwegian krone and the Canadian dollar), or possible 
disruptions to our business resulting from potential instability resulting from uncertainties 
associated with the euro

(cid:120)

(cid:120)

(cid:120) Operating interruptions (including, but not limited to, labor disputes, leaks, natural disasters, fires, 

explosions, unscheduled or unplanned downtime, transportation interruptions and cyber attacks)

Kronos’ ability to renew or refinance debt

(cid:120) Decisions to sell operating assets other than in the ordinary course of business
(cid:120)
(cid:120) Our ability to maintain sufficient liquidity
(cid:120)
(cid:120)

The timing and amounts of insurance recoveries
The extent to which our subsidiaries or affiliates were to become unable to pay us dividends

-3-

The ultimate outcome of income tax audits, tax settlement initiatives or other tax matters
(cid:120)
(cid:120) Our ability to utilize income tax attributes or changes in income tax rates related to such 

(cid:120)

attributes, the benefits of which have been recognized under the more-likely-than-not recognition 
criteria
Environmental matters (such as those requiring compliance with emission and discharge 
standards for existing and new facilities or new developments regarding environmental 
remediation at sites related to our former operations)

(cid:120) Government laws and regulations and possible changes therein (such as changes in government 
regulations which might impose various obligations on former manufacturers of lead pigment and 
lead-based paint, including us, with respect to asserted health concerns associated with the use 
of such products)
The ultimate resolution of pending litigation (such as our lead pigment and environmental 
matters) 
Possible future litigation.  

(cid:120)

(cid:120)

Should one or more of these risks materialize (or the consequences of such a development worsen), or 
should  the  underlying  assumptions  prove  incorrect,  actual  results  could  differ  materially  from  those 
currently forecasted or expected.  We disclaim any intention or obligation to update or revise any forward-
looking statement whether as a result of changes in information, future events or otherwise.

NL  Industries,  Inc.  is  engaged  in  the  component  products  (security  products  and  performance  marine 
components), chemicals (TiO2) and other businesses.

-4-

NL INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In millions, except earnings per share)

Net sales
Cost of sales

     Gross margin

Selling, general and administrative expense
Other operating income (expense):
     Insurance recoveries
     Litigation settlement gain
     Assets held for sale write-down
     Other income, net
     Goodwill impairment
     Corporate expense and other, net

Three months ended
December 31,

Year ended
December 31,

2012

2013

2012

2013

(Unaudited)

$

19.3
13.8

$

22.3
15.8

$

83.2
58.9

$

92.0
64.4

5.5

4.7

.7
-
(.8)
3.6
(6.4)
(4.4)

6.5

4.5

5.6
-
-
.1
-
(60.2)

24.3

17.7

3.3
15.0
(1.2)
3.6
(6.4)
(29.0)

27.6

18.3

9.4
-
-
.1
-
(87.0)

          Loss from operations

(6.5)

(52.5)

(8.1)

(68.2)

Equity in earnings (loss) of Kronos Worldwide, Inc.

(5.6)

Other income (expense):
     Securities transaction gain
     Interest and dividends
     Interest expense

          Income (loss) from continuing operations
              before income taxes

Income tax expense (benefit)

          Income (loss) from continuing operations
          Income from discontinued operations, net of tax

Net income (loss)

16.6
.8
(.2)

5.1

2.4

2.7
18.6

21.3

.9

-
.7
-

(50.9)

(18.1)

(32.8)
-

(32.8)

          Noncontrolling interest in net income of subsidiary

3.7

.2

66.4

(31.0)

16.6
3.2
(1.1)

77.0

19.9

57.1
21.9

79.0

4.5

-
2.9
(.1)

(96.4)

(41.9)

(54.5)
-

(54.5)

.8

Net income (loss) attributable to NL stockholders

$

17.6

$

(33.0)

$

74.5

$

(55.3)

-5-

NL INDUSTRIES, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (CONTINUED)
(In millions, except earnings per share)

Amounts attributable to NL stockholders:

   Income (loss) from continuing operations
   Income from discontinued operations
     Net income (loss) attributable to NL stockholders

   Net income (loss) per share:
     Continuing operations
     Discontinued operations
       Net income (loss) per share   

Three months ended
December 31,

Year ended
December 31,

2012

2013

2012

2013

(Unaudited)

$

$

$

$

2.7
14.9
17.6

.05
.31
.36

$

$

$

$

(33.0)
-
(33.0)

(.68)
-
(.68)

$

$

$

$

56.7
17.8
74.5

1.16
.37
1.53

$

$

$

$

(55.3)
-
(55.3)

(1.14)
-
(1.14)

   Weighted-average shares used in the calculation
     of net income (loss) per share

48.7

48.7

48.7

48.7

-6-

NL INDUSTRIES, INC.
COMPONENTS OF LOSS ATTRIBUTABLE 
TO CONTINUING OPERATIONS
(In millions)
(Unaudited)

CompX - component products
Insurance recoveries
Litigation settlement gain
Other income, net
Goodwill impairment
Corporate expense

Three months ended
December 31,

2012

2013

Year ended
December 31,

2012

2013

$

-
.7
-
3.6
(6.4)
(4.4)

$

2.0
5.6
-
.1
-
(60.2)

$

5.4
3.3
15.0
3.6
(6.4)
(29.0)

$

9.3
9.4
-
.1
-
(87.0)

          Loss from operations

$

(6.5)

$

(52.5)

$

(8.1)

$

(68.2)

CHANGE IN KRONOS’ TiO2 SALES
(Unaudited)

Three months ended
December 31,
2013 vs. 2012

Year ended
December 31,
2013 vs. 2012

Percentage change in sales:
      TiO2 product pricing
      TiO2 sales volume
      TiO2 product mix
      Changes in currency exchange rates

           Total

(19) %

6 %

- %
1 %

(12) %

(10) %

(1) %

2 %
2 %

(7) %

-7-

SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT

EXHIBIT 21.1 

NAME OF CORPORATION 

CompX International Inc. (2) 
Kronos Worldwide, Inc. (3) 
EWI RE, Inc. 
EWI RE (UK), LIMITED 
NL Environmental Management 
Services, Inc. 
The 1230 Corporation 
United Lead Company 

________________________________________________________________________________________________ 

Jurisdiction of 
incorporation 
or organization 

Delaware 
Delaware 
New York 
United Kingdom 

New Jersey 
California 
New Jersey 

% of voting 
securities held at  
December 31, 2013 (1)  

 87 
 30 
100 
100 

100 
100 
100 

(1)  Held by the Registrant or the indicated subsidiary of the Registrant 
(2)  Subsidiaries of CompX International Inc. are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 of CompX’s Annual 

Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 (File No. 1-13905) 

(3)  Subsidiaries of Kronos Worldwide, Inc. are incorporated by reference to Exhibit 21.1 of Kronos’ Annual 

Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2013 (File No. 1-31763) 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NL Industries, Inc.

Three Lincoln Centre

5430 LBJ Freeway, Suite 1700

Dallas, TX 75240-2697

(972) 233-1700

(972) 448-1445 (Fax)