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FY2004 Annual Report · Norfolk Southern
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Annual Report 2004

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

Norfolk Southern System Map

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Norfolk Southern Railway and its Railroad Operating Subsidiaries
NS Trackage/Haulage Rights

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Description of  Business
Norfolk Southern Corporation is a Norfolk, Va.-based company that controls a major freight railroad, Norfolk Southern Railway 
Company. The railway operates approximately 21,300 route miles in 22 eastern states, the District of Columbia and Ontario, Canada, 
serves all major eastern ports and connects with rail partners in the West and Canada, linking customers to markets around the 
world. Norfolk Southern provides comprehensive logistics services and off ers the most extensive intermodal network in the East. 

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES

LONG TERM DEBT

DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

02

$7,3641

03

$7,1601

04

$7,525

$774

$8,1382

$733

$7,8932

02

53.11

03

50.71

04

48.5

0.0

2.5

55.62

2.4

53.12

02

$0.26

03

$0.30

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

04

$0.36

diluted earnings per share before cont operations

Switching Performance 2004

Financial Highlights
on time train performance

connection Performance 2004

($ in millions, except per share amounts)

2003

2004

% Increase 

(Decrease)

02

$803

03

$1,054

04

$1,661

02

$1.18

03

$1.051

04

$2.312

02

$637

03

$688

04

$727

02

$1,441

03

$1,500

04

$1,728

02

6,262

03

6,456

04

7,067

$0.30

$1.35

$2.18

$0.13

agriculture revenue

paper revenue

02

$603

03

$634

04

$684

02

$6,270

03

$6,468

04

$7,312

02

379

03

388

04

395

coal revenue

railway operating revenues

02

03

04

Revenue ton miles per employee

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel

83.6

84.3

02
FINANCIAL RESULTS
Railway operating revenues  
03
Income from railway operations
Railway operating ratio 
04
Income from continuing operations 

00.0

2Q

03

65

3Q

03

68

4Q

03

74

1Q

04

70

2Q

04

77

3Q
04
74

4Q
04
73

before accounting changes

Earnings per share from continuing operations 

before accounting changes

Basic
Diluted

$

$

$

$

$

6,468
1,0642
83.5%2

2Q
03
77.1

3Q
4112
03
76.9

4Q
03
75.7

1.052
1.052

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

7,312

1,702

76.7%

1Q
04
77.5

2Q
9231
04
83.8

3Q
04
85.8

2.341
2.311

24,750

7,525

7,990

48.5%

19.95

36.19

0.36

15.7

51,032

13

60

(8)

4Q
125
04
83.1

123

120

20

5

15

(4)

12

53

20

(9)

(2)

2

3

chemicals revenue

$

$
$755
$

02

03

$772
$

04

$864

$

$

20,596
7,1603

6,976
50.7%3

17.83

23.65

0.30

17.3

income from railway operation
52,091

02

$1,158

391,152,863

28,160

400,438,982

28,986

FINANCIAL POSITION
automotive revenue
Total assets 
Total debt
Stockholders’ equity 
Debt to total capitalization ratio
Stockholders’ equity per share 

02

03

04

$961

$936

$954

OTHER INFORMATION
Year-end stock price 
Dividends per share
Price/earnings ratio at year end
railway operating expenses
Number of  shareholders at year end 
Shares outstanding at year end 
Number of  employees at year end

$5,112

$119

$530

$870

$53

02

$460

03

$4111

04

$9232

intermodal revenue

02

$1,181

03

$1,239

04

$1,537

metals and construction revenue

02

$692

03

$699

04

$818

railway operating ratio

02

81.5

03

83.51

04

76.7

81.9

1.6

1 Results in 2004 include a $53 million net gain from the Conrail corporate reorganization. This gain increased income from continuing operations before accounting 
$5,4041
changes by $53 million or 13 cents per diluted share.
2 Results in 2003 include the costs of a voluntary separation program and a charge to recognize the impairment of certain telecommunications assets. The costs 
of the voluntary separation program reduced income from railway operations by $107 million and increased the railway operating ratio by 1.6 percentage points. 
These two items reduced income from continuing operations before accounting changes by $119 million or 30 cents per diluted share.
$5,610
3 Excludes notes payable to Conrail of $716 million as of Dec. 31, 2003.

$1,0641

$1,702

$1,171

$5,297

$107

$107

04

03

on time train performance

Contents
  2  Chairman’s Letter to Stockholders
  4  President’s Letter to Stockholders
  6  Norfolk Southern Achieves Record Success
 10  Volume Increases Lead to Record Revenue
 15  Rail Network Keeps Operating Smoothly
 18  Financial Overview
 19  Five-Year Financial Review
 20  Income Statement
 21  Balance Sheet
2Q
3Q
4Q
1Q
 22  Quarterly Financial Data
02
02
02
03
 23  Board of  Directors
 24  Officers and Board Committees
 K1  Form 10-K Report
INSIDE BACK COVER  Stockholder Information

2Q
04

3Q
03

4Q
03

1Q
04

2Q
03

1Q
02

80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3

STOCK PRICE

High        Low       Close

system dwell

$26.98

$19.99
$17.20

$24.62
$23.65

$17.35

$36.69
$36.19

$20.38

02

22.6

03

22.9

04

22.6

3Q
04

4Q
04

02

03

04

train speed

02

23.3

03

23.2

04

22.8

Credits: DESIGN Mary McNeeley, Amber Nussbaum, Frank Wright  
editorial Allison Enedy, Rick Harris, Andrea Just  photography Wes Cheney,  
Leon Guanzon printing & manufacturing Progress Press, Inc., Roanoke, Va.

1

   
NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

Dear fellow

Shareholders

The story of 2004 is Norfolk Southern’s ability to respond to 
unusual  —  indeed  unprecedented  —  demand  growth  and  to 
produce excellent returns for our investors.

It is a story with several points. First is the ability and willing-

We had a number of  accomplishments for our in-

ness of Norfolk Southern people to get the job done. When 

vestors in 2004. For example, we improved our operat-

customers needed us at a rate that surpassed all our predic-

ing  ratio,  the  basic  indicator  of   our  efficiency,  by  6.8 

tions, our people stepped up and provided service for the 

percentage  points,  clearly  a  significant  year-over-year 

business our shippers brought us. We were able to handle 

improvement. Our earnings per share were up 69 per-

increases of 8.8 percent in unit volume and 7.5 percent in 

cent, we increased our dividends by 2 cents per share or 

gross ton miles with an average of 1 percent fewer em-

25 percent, and we repaid $371 million of  debt.

ployees than last year. We should congratulate our people for 

Our statistics for 2004 confirm in my mind the funda-

an enviable but necessary improvement in productivity.

mental transformation – indeed, the structural change –  

We also should recognize that handling the increased 

that is taking place in the North American transportation 

traffic depends on the consistent and systematic investments  

market. A combination of trends – increasing congestion 

we  have  made  over  the  last  few  years  in  infrastructure, 

on the highways, demand for better transportation options 

equipment and, perhaps most significantly, in adding peo-

in environmental terms, fuel price pressures and regulatory 

ple where necessary and training them in a timely manner.

changes affecting the trucking industry – are coming to-

We  benefited  from  a  shift  in  transportation  focus 

gether to result in significantly increased demand for rail 

and rapidly escalating demand for rail service in 2004. 

freight. The successful rail companies will be prepared with 

Among many economic and global factors creating this 

adequate capacity and with the ability to offer customers 

shift were steady growth in U.S. industrial production, 

the products they want. Norfolk Southern succeeded in 

high  fuel  prices,  the  dollar’s  relation  to  international 

2004 and will continue to do so. We are at the threshold of 

currencies, the dramatic growth of  China, and the rap-

a new growth-oriented, growth-driven business model for 

id increase of  transcontinental import business.

the railroad industry. Norfolk Southern will be prepared 

What marked the year for us was our ability to han-

and is determined to seize the opportunity.

dle the business. We had challenges, but in the end, we 

The  explosive  growth  of  intermodal  is  a  very  im-

were able to get the job done. Increasing the value of  

portant  part  of  the  growth  story.  In  intermodal,  we 

our services to customers enabled us to raise the yield 

most  clearly  see  the  increasing  desire  of  the  best  truck 

for our business. Adding in our improving productivity 

companies  to  do  more  business  with  us,  which  repre-

and efficiency spelled good results in the bottom line, 

sents a meaningful shift. We see this trend in other com-

and our stock value improved.

modities  as  well.  We  also  are  favored  increasingly  by  an 

2

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

openness in public policy to fuller consideration of freight 

rail as a component of a balanced transportation system.

Fortunately, Norfolk Southern has expanded in the last 

few  years.  Our  geographic  coverage  matches  population 

density. We cover the industrial heartland, the growing south- 

land and the eastern metropolitan areas. We can go where 

the traffic wants to go. Our transcontinental connections 

and our enviable port position put us where we need to be.  

And we made investments since 1999 in intermodal facil- 

ities, track capacity and equipment to be in position for 

growth. Even more important, we have instituted systems 

and technology to provide service for the business.

Norfolk Southern showed this past year that we are po-

sitioned to handle the growth that the changing economy 

is bringing. We need to prove continually that we have the 

David Goode

capacity and ability to handle the growth. Our manage-

people in the community. Our people responded to this  

ment team and I are confident that we can do so. We will 

accident and the aftermath in a very skillful and professional 

be aggressive but selective as business develops to make 

manner. They were recognized favorably by many, and I am 

certain we are taking on business we can handle well, be-

very proud of the way the whole company acted in most 

cause we want to make sure we are providing the highest- 

difficult times. We will continue to take all appropriate ac-

value transportation service and being compensated ac-

tions to remediate the situation and to learn from the event 

cordingly. We also recognize that our investors expect and 

to improve and make our entire operation safer. While we 

deserve to have us provide fair returns. We have made im-

cannot change what has happened, Norfolk Southern and 

portant progress on our returns, but we still have a way 

all our people are rededicating our efforts to be, as our vi-

to go. We will improve.

sion says, the safest transportation company in the world.

The year also saw significant progress in creating the 

As 2005 began, we saw a continuation of  the strong 

future management structure for the Thoroughbred. The 

business levels of  2004. To prepare for more volume, we 

board of  directors named C.W. “Wick” Moorman as presi- 

remain committed to investing prudently in the business 

dent and also named key leaders as executive vice presidents 

to keep the network operating as it should. Our people 

to make up a senior management team for the company. 

are eager to meet the challenges presented by the oppor-

As I head toward 65 in January 2006, it is clear that Norfolk 

tunity to sustain the powerful growth of  our transporta-

Southern will have the strongest kind of future leadership.

tion franchise. I am very confident that the talented and 

I cannot end this letter without recognizing the tragic 

professional  people  of  Norfolk  Southern  will  lead  the 

accident we had in Graniteville, S.C., in January that result-

transportation business into a very bright future.  

ed  in  the  deaths  of  nine  people,  a  number  of   injuries 

and  the  evacuation  of  the  affected  area.  We  are  sad-

dened  by  the  losses  and  have  tried  to  take  care  of  the 

CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER
FEBRUARY 28, 2005

3

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

Dear fellow

Shareholders

On  Christmas  Day  1830,  a  tiny  steam  locomo-
tive  named  the  “Best  Friend  of   Charleston”  pulled 

the  first  regularly  scheduled  passenger  train  over  the 

six completed miles of  the South Carolina Canal and 

Rail Road Company. In 2005, the 175th anniversary of  

that historic run, the line is part of  Norfolk Southern’s 

transportation  network  linking  the  port  of   Charles-

ton and communities in 22 states, our nation’s capital 

and Ontario, Canada, with markets around the world. 

It is a remarkable tribute to the underlying efficiency 

of   railroad  technology  that  after  175  years,  Norfolk 

Southern  and  the  rail  industry  are  vital  and  dynamic 

components of  our economy. Even more remarkable is 

CHARLES W. “WICK” MOORMAN 
became  president  of  Norfolk  Southern  Corporation 
effective Oct. 1, 2004.

Moorman  is  a  native  of  Hattiesburg,  Miss.,  and  
a  graduate  of  Georgia  Tech  and  Harvard  Busi-
ness  School.  He  joined  Norfolk  Southern  in  1970. 
He  served  in  senior  positions  in  the  corpora-
tion’s  transportation,  personnel,  labor  relations, 
information  technology  and  strategic  planning  ar-
eas.  He  was  named  president  of  NS’  Thoroughbred 
Technology  and  Telecommunications  subsidiary  in 
1999 and senior vice president corporate planning and 
services in 2003.

David Goode, chairman and chief executive officer, 
announced the elections of Moorman and five execu-
tive vice presidents (see Page 24). “Norfolk Southern 
is extremely fortunate to have such a talented execu-
tive team, and Wick Moorman is a seasoned, dynamic 
leader. This is the team that will help us take full ad-
vantage of the opportunities presented by our expand-
ing markets and efficient transportation network.”

“We  have  the  luxury,”  Moorman  said,  “to  have  a 
transition that still has the leadership of the chairman 
to help us steer through the next year.”

that the concept of  reg-

ularly scheduled opera-

tions,  implemented  in 

our Thoroughbred Op-

erating  Plan,  is  driving 

unparalleled  growth  at  

our company.

I  believe  that  2004, 

as 

this  report 

illus-

trates,  marked 

the 

beginning of  a new era 

at  Norfolk  Southern  in 

terms of  growth and profitability. Market shifts in glob-

al trade, along with highway transportation constraints 

here in the United States, are creating unprecedented 

opportunities for us to provide transportation services 

for more and more customers, and to capture the value 

that we provide. In 2005, we should see the affirmation 

and acceleration of these opportunities.

The  year also will mark a management  transition 

 at Norfolk Southern. Our company and its predecessors 

have a long history of  outstanding management lead-

ership. We have a senior leadership team that is second 

to none and, with them, an entire work force that truly 

is a group of  thoroughbreds. I feel very honored and 

fortunate  to  have  the  opportunity  to  be  part  of   that 

Wick Moorman

leadership  team.  While  undoubtedly  challenges  lie 

ahead,  we  share  our  Chairman  David  Goode’s  belief  

that the future is very bright for our company, and we 

are excited to embrace it.

PRESIDENT
FEBRUARY 28, 2005

4

A unit coal train makes its way around Pennsylvania’s Horse-

shoe Curve near Altoona. Norfolk Southern’s coal revenue in-

creased 15 percent to a record $1.7 billion in 2004.

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

Norfolk Southern
Achieves Record Success

Focused on two big goals for revenue and operating efficiency, Norfolk 
Southern surpassed both targets in 2004.

Revenues exceeded $7 billion for the first time. The op-

increases  in  intermodal  traffic  led  growth  in  all  ma-

erating ratio, a key efficiency measurement, improved 

jor  sectors,  including  coal  and  general  merchandise. 

to 76.7 percent, the best in six years. Achieving the dual  

Moving  the  goods  that  move  the  economy,  Norfolk 

“7 and 7” targets faster than expected crowned a suc-

Southern excelled in safety, operating performance and 

cessful year for the Thoroughbred of  Transportation. 

financial results.

As the industrial economy surged in 2004, Norfolk 

Southern demonstrated the vitality of  a safe, efficiently 

operated freight rail network linking communities to 

the marketplaces of  the world.

The  company’s  prudent  investments  in  people, 

technology,  infrastructure  and  equipment  prepared  it 

to handle unprecedented levels of  shipments. Record

Safety
Norfolk Southern people earned their 15th consecutive 

Harriman gold medal award for employee safety. The 

rail industry leader in workplace safety, Norfolk South-

ern’s safety performance has improved 72 percent since 

the 15-year winning streak began, based on a ratio of  

injuries per 200,000 hours worked.

Employees at the Decatur, Ill., locomotive service facility conduct a safety audit. Attention to safety throughout the system led Norfolk Southern 

people to earn their 15th consecutive gold Harriman Award in 2004. Pictured left to right are Kris Carson, conductor trainee; Jerry Mitchell, terminal 

superintendent; David Johnson, yardmaster; Gary Nelson, senior general foreman; and Cortez Mason, mechanical supervisor.

6

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

A  Fourth  of  July 

light  show  celebrated  the  150th  

anniversary  of  Horseshoe  Curve  near  Altoona,  Pa.  The 

railway  curve  scaling  the  Allegheny  Mountains  was 

considered  a  major  engineering  marvel  when  it  opened 

in  1854.  It  operates  today  as  a  vital  link  on  the  Norfolk  

Southern railway network.

Operating Performance
CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Norfolk  Southern  improved  its  operating  ratio,  a  key 
$803
measurement of performance, to 76.7 percent, its best 

since 1998.
$1,054
  Proprietary technology for measuring and managing 

Financial Results
LONG TERM DEBT
Norfolk Southern posted record-setting numbers for 2004.
  Revenues  reached  a  record $7.3  billion, $844  mil-
$8,1382
02

$7,3641

$774

lion higher than 2003.
$7,1601

$7,8932
03
  Income from railway operations reached a record 

$733

operations and service improved operating efficiency, 

$1,661

helping to create capacity for handling traffic growth.

$1.7 billion.
$7,525

04
  Net income increased to a record $923 million.

  The company’s Thoroughbred Operating Plan en-

  Earnings per share reached a record high $2.31.

hanced service reliability and consistency, enabling Nor-

  Cash  provided  by  operating  activities  reached 

folk Southern to offer premium service to customers. 

$1.7 billion.

02

03

04

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES

LONG TERM DEBT

DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

diluted earnings per share before cont operations
DILUTED EARNINGS PER SHARE FROM CONTINUING 
OPERATIONS BEFORE ACCOUNTING CHANGES (DOLLARS)

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

Switching Performance 2004

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

INCOME FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS 
BEFORE ACCOUNTING CHANGES ($ MILLIONS)

DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

02

53.11

03

50.71

04

48.5

0.0

2.5

55.62

2.4

53.12

02

$0.26

03

$0.30

04

$0.36

on time train performance

connection Performance 2004

$119

$530

$870

$53

02

$7,3641

03

$7,1601

04

$7,525

$774

$8,1382

$733

$7,8932

2.5

55.62

02

$1.18
02

$0.26

2.4

53.12

03

$1.051
03

$0.30

$0.30

$1.35

02

$460

03

$4111

$119

$530

02

83.6

03

84.3

04

$2.312
04

$0.36

$2.18

$0.13

04

$9232

$870

$53

04

00.0

1 2003 results include $107 million of costs related to a voluntary separation program and an $84 million charge to recognize the impaired value of certain telecom-
munications assets. Together, these items reduced income from continuing operations before accounting changes by $119 million or 30 cents per diluted share.
2 2004 results include a $53 million gain from the Conrail corporate reorganization, which increased income from continuing operations before accounting 
changes by $53 million or 13 cents per diluted share.

intermodal revenue

2Q
03
65

3Q
03
68

4Q
03
74

1Q
04
70

2Q
04
77

3Q
04
74

4Q
04
73

2Q

03

77.1

3Q

03

76.9

4Q

03

75.7

1Q

04

77.5

2Q

04

83.8

3Q

04

85.8

4Q

04

83.1

2Q

03

65

3Q

03

68

4Q

03

74

1Q

04

70

2Q

04

77

3Q

04

74

4Q

04

73

2Q

03

77.1

3Q

03

76.9

4Q

03

75.7

1Q

04

77.5

2Q

04

83.8

3Q

04

85.8

4Q

04

83.1

railway operating revenues

railway operating expenses

income from railway operation

railway operating ratio

agriculture revenue

paper revenue

automotive revenue

metals and construction revenue

$5,297

$107

03

$1,0641

$107

$1,171

81.9

1.6

coal revenue

railway operating revenues

railway operating expenses

income from railway operation

railway operating ratio

Revenue ton miles per employee

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel

on time train performance

High        Low       Close

system dwell

$26.98

$19.99

$17.20

$24.62

$23.65

$17.35

$36.69

$36.19

$20.38

02

22.6

03

22.9

04

22.6

train speed

02

23.3

03

23.2

04

22.8

$5,297

$107

$107

$1,171

81.9

1.6

1Q

02

2Q

02

3Q

02

4Q

02

1Q

03

2Q

03

3Q

03

4Q

03

1Q

04

2Q

04

3Q

04

4Q

04

80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3

02

03

04

automotive revenue

chemicals revenue

metals and construction revenue

02

$961

03

$936

04

$954

02

$5,112

03

$5,4041

04

$5,610

02

$755

03

$772

04

$864

02

$1,158

04

$1,702

connection Performance 2004

agriculture revenue

02

$637

03

$688

04

$727

coal revenue

02

$1,441

chemicals revenue

03

$1,500

02

$755

04

$1,728

03

$772

04

$864

02

6,262

03

6,456

02

$1,158

04

7,067

03

$1,0641

04

$1,702

$1,181
02
paper revenue

03
$603

$1,239

02

7

03

04
$634

$1,537

04

$684

02

$6,270

03

$6,468

02

04

$692

$7,312

03

$699

04

$818

02

379

03

388

02

81.5

04

395

03

83.51

04

76.7

diluted earnings per share before cont operations

Switching Performance 2004

on time train performance

$0.30

$1.35

$2.18

$0.13

02

$803

03

$1,054

04

$1,661

02

$1.18

03

$1.051

04

$2.312

02

$637

03

$688

04

$727

02

$1,441

03

$1,500

04

$1,728

02

6,262

03

6,456

04

7,067

02

$603

03

$634

04

$684

02

$6,270

03

$6,468

04

$7,312

02

379

03

388

04

395

02

53.11

03

50.71

04

48.5

0.0

02

83.6

03

84.3

04

00.0

02

$961

03

$936

04

$954

02

$5,112

03

$5,4041

04

$5,610

Revenue ton miles per employee

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel

on time train performance

High        Low       Close

system dwell

$26.98

$19.99

$17.20

$24.62

$23.65

$17.35

$36.69

$36.19

$20.38

02

22.6

03

22.9

04

22.6

train speed

02

23.3

03

23.2

04

22.8

1Q

02

2Q

02

3Q

02

4Q

02

1Q

03

2Q

03

3Q

03

4Q

03

1Q

04

2Q

04

3Q

04

4Q

04

80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3

02

03

04

02

$460

03

$4111

04

$9232

intermodal revenue

02

$1,181

03

$1,239

04

$1,537

02

$692

03

$699

04

$818

02

81.5

03

83.51

04

76.7

   
   
CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES

LONG TERM DEBT

DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES

LONG TERM DEBT

DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

Switching Performance 2004

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

on time train performance

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

connection Performance 2004

intermodal revenue

02

$803

03

$1,054

04

$1,661

diluted earnings per share before cont operations

02

$7,3641

$774

$8,1382

02

$1.18
03

$7,1601

$733

$7,8932

02

$7,3641

03

$7,1601

04

$7,525

02

53.11

03

50.71

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

03

$1.051
04

$7,525

$0.30

$1.35

04

$2.312

$2.18

$0.13

04

48.5

0.0

$774

$8,1382

$733

$7,8932

2.5

55.62

2.4

53.12

02

53.11

03

50.71

04

48.5

0.0

02

$0.26

02

03

03

04

83.6
$0.30

84.3
$0.36

04

00.0

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES

LONG TERM DEBT

DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

intermodal revenue

2Q
03
65

3Q
03
68

4Q
03
74

1Q
04
70

2Q
04
77

3Q
04
74

4Q
04
73

diluted earnings per share before cont operations

02

$7,3641

$774

$8,1382

02

$1.18

03

$7,1601

$733

$7,8932

03

$1.051

04

$7,525

$0.30

$1.35

04

$2.312

$2.18

$0.13

  For  the  third  consecutive  year,  Norfolk  Southern 

Switching Performance 2004

on time train performance

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE (DOLLARS)

connection Performance 2004

02

03

increased  the  quarterly  dividend  on  its  common 

2.5

55.62

53.11

stock, from 8 cents to 10 cents. Since 2001, the divi-
agriculture revenue
53.12

50.71

2.4

dend has increased by 67 percent.

02

$0.26
paper revenue
83.6
$0.30

02

03

02

$460
automotive revenue

02

$637
04

48.5

  Norfolk  Southern’s  long-term  debt  of   $7.5  billion 

03

04

at the end of  2004 is $111 million lower than it was 
$688
0.0
four years ago, even including $728 million of  addi-

$727

tional debt from the Conrail corporate reorganiza-
4Q
04
73

2Q
3Q
03
03
68
65
tion in 2004.

2Q
04
77

1Q
04
70

4Q
03
74

3Q
04
74

02

$603
03

04

84.3
$0.36

03

$634
04

00.0

04

$684

02

$961

03

$936

04

$954

03

$4111

04

$9232

$119

$530

2Q
03
77.1

3Q
03
76.9

4Q

03

75.7

1Q

04

77.5

2Q

04

83.8

3Q

04

85.8

4Q

04

04

83.1

$864

intermodal revenue

LONG TERM DEBT

DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

diluted earnings per share before cont operations

Switching Performance 2004

agriculture revenue

$0.30

$1.35

02

$637

  For the fifth consecutive year, Norfolk Southern re-

on time train performance

duced its debt to total capitalization ratio, lowering 
coal revenue
it to 48.5 percent as of  the end of  2004.

02

$1,441
paper revenue
  The  company  strengthened  its  credit-rating  po-
83.6
02

sition,  which  is  among  the  best  in  the  industry,  
$1,500
$603
02
03
reflecting emphasis on solid financial performance.

84.3

02

03

02

$6,270
automotive revenue
$1,054
03

$961
03

$6,468
04

$1,661

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES
CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES ($ MILLIONS)

connection Performance 2004

railway operating revenues
02

$803

$2.18

$0.13

03

$688

04

03

$1,728
$634
04

00.0

03

$936
04

$7,312

railway operating expenses

02

$1,181
02

$7,3641

02

$5,112
chemicals revenue
$1,239
03
03

$7,1601

03

02

$755

$5,4041
04

$1,537
04

$7,525

04

03

$772

$5,610

04

$727

2Q

03

65

3Q

03

68

4Q

03

74

1Q

04

70

2Q

04

77

3Q
04
74

4Q
04
73

04

$684

04

$954

2Q
03
77.1

3Q
03
76.9

4Q
03
75.7

1Q
04
77.5

2Q
04
83.8

3Q
04
85.8

4Q
04
04
83.1

$864

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Revenue ton miles per employee

REVENUE TON-MILES PER EMPLOYEE

02

$803
02

6,262

railway operating revenues

02

LONG TERM DEBT

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel

LONG-TERM DEBT ($ MILLIONS)
diluted earnings per share before cont operations

railway operating expenses
379
02

$7,3641

on time train performance
DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

Switching Performance 2004

$774

$8,1382

income from railway operation

02

53.11

03

02
$1,054
03

automotive revenue
$6,270
6,456

02
04

$961
$1,661
03
04

$6,468
7,067

03

$936
04

$7,312

04

$954

02

03

chemicals revenue
$5,112
$7,1601
388
03
$1.18
02

$733

$7,8932

02

$1,158
03

metals and construction revenue
50.71

2.4

53.12

02

03

$755
$5,4041
395
04
04
03

$7,525

$1.051

03

04

$772

$5,610
04

$2.312

04

$864

$5,297

$107

$0.30

$1.35

$2.18

03

$692
02
$1,0641
48.5
04
1Q
02
$699
0.0
03
$1,702
04
$0.13

2Q
02

3Q
02

4Q

02

1Q

03

$107

2Q

03

3Q

03

$1,171

4Q

03

1Q

04

2Q

04

3Q

04

4Q

04

80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES

Revenue ton miles per employee

02

$803

02

6,262

railway operating revenues

LONG TERM DEBT

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel
REVENUE TON-MILES PER GALLON OF DIESEL FUEL
diluted earnings per share before cont operations

railway operating expenses
02
379

$7,3641

02

$774

$8,1382

on time train performance
DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO (PERCENT)

Switching Performance 2004

income from railway operation

53.11

02

02
02
03

$5,112
$1.18
03
388

$7,1601

03
03
04

$5,4041
$1.051
04
395

$7,525

04
04

$5,610
$2.312

$0.30

$1.35

$5,297

$107

$2.18

$0.13

$733

$7,8932

02

$1,158
03

50.71

agriculture revenue

04

$818

2Q
03
65
High        Low       Close
DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

3Q

03

68

4Q

03

74

1Q

04

70

2Q

04

77

3Q

04

74

4Q

04

73

on time train performance
railway operating ratio

02

02
02
03

03
03
02
04

$0.26

83.6
81.5
$0.30

$26.98
paper revenue
$19.99
$17.20

84.3
83.51
$603
$0.36

02

03

04

04
04
03

00.0
76.7
$634

04

$684

system dwell

02

connection Performance 2004
22.6

railway operating revenues

03

22.9

automotive revenue

2.5

55.62

2.4

53.12

03

04

8

$637
2Q
02

$1,0641
02
48.5
04
1Q
02
0.0
80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3
$1,702
03
1 Excludes notes payable to Conrail
2 Includes 58 percent of Conrail debt

$1,171
4Q
1Q
03
04

$107
2Q
03

$688

1Q
03

4Q
04

3Q
04

4Q
02

3Q
03

2Q
04

3Q
02

04

2Q
3Q
03
03
$727
65
68
High        Low       Close

4Q
03
74

1Q
04
70

2Q
04
77

3Q
04
74

4Q
04
73

on time train performance

coal revenue
$26.98

02

paper revenue
83.6
$1,441

$36.69
$36.19

$20.38

$24.62
$23.65

$17.35

03

04

Revenue ton miles per employee

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel

diluted earnings per share before cont operations

on time train performance

Switching Performance 2004

agriculture revenue

2.5

55.62

2.4

53.12

02

$0.26

03

$0.30

04

$0.36

$119

$530

$870

$53

02

$460

03

$4111

04

$9232

02

$1,181

03

$1,239

04

$1,537

02

$460

03

$4111

04

$9232

$119

$530

$870

$53

2Q

03

77.1

3Q

03

76.9

4Q

03

75.7

1Q

04

77.5

2Q

04

83.8

3Q

04

85.8

4Q

04

83.1

02

$1,181

chemicals revenue

03

$1,239

$870

$53

04

$1,537

02

$755

03

$772

$774

$8,1382

income from railway operation

metals and construction revenue

$733

$5,297

$107

02

$1,158

$7,8932

03

02

$692

$1,0641

02

53.11

03

50.71

04

48.5

04

03

$699

$1,702

0.0

04

$818

High        Low       Close

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

2.5

55.62

02

$0.26

railway operating ratio

on time train performance

02

03

03

04

81.5

$0.30

02

$26.98

83.6

$19.99

$17.20

83.51

$0.36

84.3

03

02

04

76.7

04

00.0

$24.62

$23.65

$17.35

03

metals and construction revenue

02

$692

03

$699

04

$818

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

railway operating ratio

2.5

55.62

2.4

53.12

02

$0.26

03

$0.30

04

$0.36

02

81.5

03

83.51

04

76.7

$107

$1,171

81.9

1.6

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

$119

$530

$870

$53

system dwell

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

connection Performance 2004

train speed

intermodal revenue

$36.69

$36.19

$20.38

81.9

1.6

04

02

22.6

02

$460

22.9

03

03

$4111

22.6

04

04

$9232

$119

$530

$870

$53

2Q

03

77.1

3Q

03

76.9

4Q

03

75.7

1Q

04

77.5

2Q

04

83.8

3Q

04

85.8

4Q

04

83.1

metals and construction revenue

income from railway operation

metals and construction revenue

02

$1,158

railway operating ratio

$5,297

$107

02

$692

03

$1,0641

$107

$1,171

81.9

1.6

$24.62

$23.65

$17.35

$36.69

$36.19

$20.38

81.9

1.6

system dwell

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

02

connection Performance 2004

22.6

automotive revenue

$119

$530

train speed

intermodal revenue

02

23.3

02

$1,181

03

23.2

03

chemicals revenue

$1,239

$870

$53

04

22.8

02

04

$755

$1,537

3Q

03

76.9

4Q

03

75.7

1Q

04

77.5

2Q

04

83.8

3Q

04

85.8

4Q

04

83.1

03

$772

04

$864

02

$460

03

22.9

03

$4111

04

22.6

02

04

$961

$9232

03

$936

2Q

03

04

77.1

$954

intermodal revenue

train speed

02

23.3

02

$1,181

railway operating expenses

03

23.2

chemicals revenue

03

02

$1,239

$5,112

02

$755

04

22.8

04

03

$1,537

$5,4041

04

$5,610

03

$772

4Q

04

04

83.1

$864

03

$699

04

$1,702

04

$818

02

81.5

03

4Q

04

04

83.51

76.7

02

$460

03

$4111

04

$9232

02

23.3

02

$1,181

03

23.2

03

$1,239

04

22.8

04

$1,537

02

$692

03

$699

04

$818

02

81.5

03

83.51

04

76.7

train speed

02

23.3

03

23.2

04

22.8

Revenue ton miles per employee

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel

railway operating expenses

income from railway operation

railway operating ratio

on time train performance

High        Low       Close

system dwell

metals and construction revenue

$5,297

$107

$107

$1,171

02

$1,158

02

$692

$1,0641

03

03

$699

$1,702

04

04

$818

1Q

02

2Q

02

3Q

02

4Q

02

1Q

03

2Q

03

3Q

03

4Q

03

1Q

04

2Q

04

3Q

04

80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3

02

03

04

$26.98

$19.99

$17.20

$24.62

$23.65

$17.35

$36.69

$36.19

$20.38

81.9

1.6

02

22.6

03

22.9

04

22.6

train speed

02

23.3

03

23.2

04

22.8

$0.30

$1.35

02

$637

$2.18

$0.13

1Q

02

2Q

02

3Q

02

4Q

02

1Q

03

2Q

03

3Q

03

4Q

03

1Q

04

2Q

04

3Q

04

4Q

04

03

$688

80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3

03

$634

04

04

$727

2Q

03

65

3Q

03

68

4Q

03

74

1Q

04

70

2Q

04

77

3Q

04

74

4Q

04

73

04

$684

02

$19.99

$17.20

02

$603

03

84.3

03

$1,500

02

00.0

04

$1,728

2Q

03

77.1

3Q

03

76.9

4Q

03

75.7

1Q

04

77.5

2Q

04

83.8

3Q

04

85.8

agriculture revenue

coal revenue

02

paper revenue

$1,441

02

04

03

$6,270

22.6

$6,468

04

$7,312

02

$961

03

$936

04

$954

02

chemicals revenue

$5,112

02

379

03

388

04

395

02

03

$755

$5,4041

03

04

$772

$5,610

04

$864

02

$1,158

railway operating revenues

02

6,262

02

automotive revenue

$6,270

03

6,456

02

$961

03

$6,468

03

$936

04

$7,312

04

7,067

04

$954

02

379

02

03

$5,112

388

03

04

$5,4041

395

04

$5,610

coal revenue

railway operating revenues

railway operating expenses

income from railway operation

railway operating ratio

Revenue ton miles per employee

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel

on time train performance

High        Low       Close

system dwell

$5,297

$107

03

$1,0641

1Q

02

2Q

02

3Q

02

4Q

02

1Q

03

2Q

03

3Q

03

2Q

04

3Q

04

4Q

04

04

$1,702

80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3

$107

$1,171

4Q

03

1Q

04

$26.98

$19.99

$17.20

$24.62

$23.65

$17.35

02

03

04

02

81.5

03

83.51

04

76.7

$36.69

$36.19

$20.38

81.9

1.6

02

22.6

03

22.9

04

22.6

Revenue ton miles per employee

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel

on time train performance

High        Low       Close

system dwell

$26.98

$19.99

$17.20

$24.62

$23.65

$17.35

$36.69

$36.19

$20.38

02

22.6

03

22.9

04

22.6

train speed

02

23.3

03

23.2

04

22.8

1Q

02

2Q

02

3Q

02

4Q

02

1Q

03

2Q

03

3Q

03

4Q

03

1Q

04

2Q

04

3Q

04

4Q

04

80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3

02

03

04

02

03

$603

$1,500

03

04

$634

$1,728

04

$684

02

6,262

02

03

03

04

$6,270

6,456

$6,468

7,067

04

$7,312

02

379

03

388

04

395

agriculture revenue

02

$803

03

$1,054

04

$1,661

02

$1.18

03

$1.051

04

$2.312

02

$637

03

$688

04

$727

coal revenue

02

$1,441

03

$1,500

04

$1,728

02

6,262

03

6,456

04

7,067

02

$803

03

$1,054

04

$1,661

coal revenue

02

paper revenue

$1,441

02

03

$603

$1,500

03

04

$634

$1,728

04

$684

03

02

$1,054

$6,270

03

6,456

04

03

$1,661

$6,468

04

7,067

04

$7,312

02

379

02

03

$1.18

388

03

04

$1.051

395

04

$2.312

02

$637

03

$688

04

$727

02

$1,441

03

$1,500

04

$1,728

02

6,262

03

6,456

04

7,067

   
   
   
   
   
   
NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

A changing industry sees accelerated growth

Freight  transportation  is  undergoing 
immense change, and it favors railroads.
Demand  for  rail  transportation  is  expanding  in 

converting business to rail, accelerating growth 

in  intermodal  traffic.  Norfolk  Southern  mean-

while  has  built  the  most  extensive  intermodal 

all major business sectors: coal, intermodal and gen-

network in the East.

eral merchandise.

  Changing ocean shipping patterns have led to a 

Norfolk Southern set record revenues in 2004 for 

surge of  intermodal traffic at East Coast ports. 

all three sectors. Intermodal volume also set a record, 

Traditionally, Asian imports have moved by ship 

and coal and general merchandise volumes were the 

to the U.S. West Coast, and then by rail inland. 

second highest ever.

Now, more and more freight from Asia is routed 

A dynamic convergence of  circumstances is driv-

through the Panama Canal to East Coast ports. 

ing this demand while shaping a structural change in 

Both  coasts  have  seen  triple-digit  growth  of   

the basic nature of  the transportation business.
  Rising freight volumes have strained the capacity 

imports from Asia.

  Norfolk  Southern  has  positioned  itself   to  take 

of  highways, increasing congestion.

on  additional  business  and  handle  it  effectively 

  Driver  and  equipment  shortages  are  increasing 

and efficiently. New systems have enhanced op-

costs for trucking companies.

erating efficiency, service and capacity.

  Fuel  prices  favor  the  inherent  efficiency  advan-

  The Thoroughbred Operating Plan and the Coal 

tages  of   railroads.  One  intermodal  train  pulled 

Transportation  Management  System  are  driving 

by  two  locomotives  can  haul  the  equivalent 

improved service and capacity for Norfolk South-

of   up  to  300  trucks.  Trucking  companies  are  

ern’s general merchandise and coal networks. 

Coal loadings at Norfolk’s Lamberts Point Pier 6 were up 

16  percent  in  2004,  and  Norfolk  Southern’s  total  export 

coal carloads increased by 35 percent.

9

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

in all

Volume Increases
Major Sectors
toRecord Revenue

Norfolk Southern delivered value to customers with a network 
prepared for the year’s surging demand for rail freight service, and revenue 

Lead

grew to $7.3 billion, a 13 percent increase over 2003.

Higher volumes, value-based pricing and fuel surcharges 

led  to  the  revenue  growth.  Intermodal,  coal,  metals 

and construction, and chemicals all posted double-digit 

Intermodal
  Intermodal  revenue  surged  24  percent  on  a  vol-

ume  increase  of   17  percent  or  approximately  

revenue increases. Revenues from highway-to-rail con-

425,000 loads.

versions increased by an estimated 78 percent.

Industrial development projects expanded NS’ cus-

  A 6 percent increase in revenue per unit stemmed 

from improved pricing, changes in traffic mix and 

tomer base by contributing to the establishment of  67 

fuel surcharges.

new industries and the expansion of  34 in 2004. These 

  Traffic grew in all segments: 15 percent for interna-

new facilities are expected to create an estimated 4,300 

jobs  in those industries and generate more than 100,000 

tional,  21  percent  in  domestic,  15  percent  in  premi-

um  and  8  percent  for  Triple  Crown  Services.  Triple 

carloads annually.

Awards

cite

Service Excellence
Continued gains in operating efficiency allowed 

recognizes service quality, ease of doing business, 

creativity and customer service.

  Owens Corning honored NS with its Service Ex-

Norfolk Southern to provide quality service in 2004.  

cellence Award and named Triple Crown Services 

NS provided customer United Parcel Service with 200 

Carrier of the Year – Intermodal Provider.

consecutive error-free days, doubling the length of its 

  C.H. Robinson awarded NS the Intermodal Rail 

2003 streak and setting a record.

Following are some NS honors:

Carrier of the Year for 2004 based on customer ser-

vice, ease of doing business and quality of service.

  Toyota presented NS with its President’s Award for 

  Logistics  Management  magazine  named  NS  the 

exemplary  service  and  two  Logistics  Excellence 

winner of its Quest for Quality Rail Service Award.

awards for quality and on-time performance.

  Railway Age magazine named NS Chairman and 

  Schneider  National  Carriers  named  NS  a  Part-

Chief  Executive  Officer  David  R.  Goode  2005 

ner in Quality – 2004 Carrier of the Year, which 

Railroader of the Year. 

10

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES

LONG TERM DEBT

DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

02

$803

03

$1,054

04

$1,661

02

$7,3641

03

$7,1601

04

$7,525

$774

$8,1382

$733

$7,8932

2.5

55.62

2.4

53.12

02

$0.26

03

$0.30

04

$0.36

$119

$530

$870

$53

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES

LONG TERM DEBT

DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

02

$7,3641

03

$7,1601

04

$7,525

$774

$8,1382

$733

$7,8932

2.5

55.62

2.4

53.12

02

$0.26

03

$0.30

04

$0.36

02

$460

03

$4111

04

$9232

$119

$530

diluted earnings per share before cont operations

Switching Performance 2004

on time train performance

connection Performance 2004

$870

$53

02

Business is brisk at Norfolk Southern’s intermodal facility 

$1.18

at Austell, Ga. Norfolk Southern’s intermodal business set 

03

$1.051

$0.30

$1.35

records for revenue and volume in 2004.

04

$2.312

$2.18

$0.13

intermodal revenue

INTERMODAL REVENUE ($ MILLIONS)

02

$1,181

03

$1,239

04

$1,537

by 159 percent and at Norfolk’s Lamberts Point by  

16 percent.

  High demand for steam coal and tight supply from 

central and northern Appalachian mines led to longer 

hauls, resulting in an 11 percent increase in ton-miles 
agriculture revenue
as receivers sourced coal from more distant points.

2Q
03
65

3Q

03

68

4Q

03

74

1Q

04

70

2Q

04

77

3Q

04

74

4Q

04

73

2Q

03

77.1

3Q

03

76.9

4Q

03

75.7

1Q

04

77.5

2Q

04

83.8

3Q

04

85.8

4Q

04

83.1

paper revenue

automotive revenue

chemicals revenue

metals and construction revenue

  The  market  for  coal  remained  strong  throughout 

02

$637

the year as production gradually expanded to meet  

03

$688

increased demand.

  A  new  coke  production  plant  at  Haverhill,  Ohio, 

04

$727

will  generate  additional  inbound  coal  and  out-

02

$603

03

$634

04

$684

bound coke shipments in 2005.

coal revenue

COAL REVENUE ($ MILLIONS)

railway operating revenues

railway operating expenses

income from railway operation

railway operating ratio

Crown entered new markets, including Minneapolis.  

All  segments  were  bolstered  by  higher  consumer 

spending,  growth  of   trade  and  industrial  produc-

tion, and a significant volume of  new business with 

traditional truckload companies.

metals and construction revenue

Coal
  Coal revenue increased by 15 percent, and carloads 

02

$692

03

$699

04

$818

were up 5 percent over 2003.

  A  35  percent  increase  in  export  coal  carloads  and 

03

$1,500

a  revitalized  steel  market,  with  its  demand  for 

metallurgical coal, drove up loadings at Baltimore 

04

$1,728

02

$1,441

02

$6,270

03

$6,468

04

$7,312

$5,297

$107

03

$1,0641

$107

$1,171

81.9

1.6

02

53.11

03

50.71

04

48.5

0.0

02

83.6

03

84.3

04

00.0

02

$961

03

$936

04

$954

02

$5,112

03

$5,4041

04

$5,610

02

$755

03

$772

04

$864

02

$1,158

04

$1,702

02

$460

03

$4111

04

$9232

intermodal revenue

02

$1,181

03

$1,239

04

$1,537

02

$692

03

$699

04

$818

02

81.5

03

83.51

04

76.7

$26.98

$19.99

$17.20

$24.62

$23.65

$17.35

$36.69

$36.19

$20.38

02

22.6

03

22.9

04

22.6

train speed

02

23.3

03

23.2

04

22.8

1Q

02

2Q

02

3Q

02

4Q

02

1Q

03

2Q

03

3Q

03

4Q

03

1Q

04

2Q

04

3Q

04

4Q

04

80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3

02

03

04

diluted earnings per share before cont operations

Switching Performance 2004

on time train performance

connection Performance 2004

$0.30

$1.35

$2.18

$0.13

2Q

03

65

3Q

03

68

4Q

03

74

1Q

04

70

2Q

04

77

3Q

04

74

4Q

04

73

2Q

03

77.1

3Q

03

76.9

4Q

03

75.7

1Q

04

77.5

2Q

04

83.8

3Q
04
85.8

4Q
04
83.1

agriculture revenue

paper revenue

automotive revenue

chemicals revenue

02

$803

03

$1,054

04

$1,661

02

$1.18

03

$1.051

04

$2.312

02

$637

03

$688

04

$727

02

$1,441

03

$1,500

04

$1,728

02

6,262

03

6,456

04

7,067

02

$603

03

$634

04

$684

02

$6,270

03

$6,468

04

$7,312

02

379

03

388

04

395

02

53.11

03

50.71

04

48.5

0.0

02

83.6

03

84.3

04

00.0

02

$961

03

$936

04

$954

02

$5,112

03

$5,4041

04

$5,610

02

$755

03

$772

04

$864

02

$1,158

04

$1,702

coal revenue

railway operating revenues

railway operating expenses

income from railway operation

railway operating ratio

Revenue ton miles per employee

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel

on time train performance

High        Low       Close

system dwell

$5,297

$107

03

$1,0641

$107

$1,171

02

81.5

03

83.51

04

76.7

81.9

1.6

02

6,262

11

03

6,456

04

7,067

02

379

03

388

04

395

Revenue ton miles per employee

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel

on time train performance

High        Low       Close

system dwell

$26.98

$19.99

$17.20

$24.62

$23.65

$17.35

$36.69

$36.19

$20.38

02

22.6

03

22.9

04

22.6

train speed

02

23.3

03

23.2

04

22.8

1Q

02

2Q

02

3Q

02

4Q

02

1Q

03

2Q

03

3Q

03

4Q

03

1Q

04

2Q

04

3Q

04

4Q

04

80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3

02

03

04

   
   
02

$803

03

$1,054

04

$1,661

02

$1.18

03

$1.051

04

$2.312

02

$637

03

$688

04

$727

02

$1,441

03

$1,500

04

$1,728

02

6,262

03

6,456

04

7,067

02

53.11

03

50.71

04

48.5

0.0

02

83.6

03

84.3

04

00.0

02

$961

03

$936

04

$954

02

$5,112

03

$5,4041

04

$5,610

$0.30

$1.35

$2.18

$0.13

agriculture revenue

paper revenue

automotive revenue

coal revenue

railway operating revenues

railway operating expenses

Revenue ton miles per employee

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel

on time train performance

02

$603

03

$634

04

$684

02

$6,270

03

$6,468

04

$7,312

02

379

03

388

04

395

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES

LONG TERM DEBT

DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

02

$7,3641

03

$7,1601

04

$7,525

$774

$8,1382

$733

$7,8932

2.5

55.62

2.4

53.12

02

$0.26

03

$0.30

04

$0.36

$119

$530

$870

$53

diluted earnings per share before cont operations

Switching Performance 2004

on time train performance

connection Performance 2004

02

$460

03

$4111

04

$9232

intermodal revenue

02

$1,181

03

$1,239

04

$1,537

2Q

03

65

3Q

03

68

4Q

03

74

1Q

04

70

2Q

04

77

3Q

04

74

4Q

04

73

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

2Q
03
77.1

3Q
03
76.9

4Q
03
75.7

1Q
04
77.5

2Q
04
83.8

3Q
04
85.8

4Q
04
83.1

metals and construction revenue

METALS & CONSTRUCTION REVENUE ($ MILLIONS)

02

$692

03

$699

04

$818

  Scrap metal shipments grew by 20 percent with a  

32 percent increase in revenue. NS also saw signifi-
railway operating ratio
cant growth in pig iron shipments in 2004.

  Aggregate  shipments  were  up  13  percent  with  a  
02

81.5

20 percent increase in revenue. Success in the mar-
1.6
83.51
ket  resulted  from  an  expanded  stone  unit  train 

81.9

03

network. 
76.7

04
  An  emerging  market  for  NS,  machinery  volume 

grew  by  72  percent  as  NS  began  providing  service 

from the Midwest to Baltimore, Md.

system dwell

02

22.6

03

22.9

04

22.6

train speed

02

23.3

03

23.2

04

22.8

chemicals revenue

General Merchandise
Greater  volumes  and  higher  revenue  per  unit  that 
$755
reflected improved pricing and fuel surcharges resulted 
$772
in merchandise revenue of  $4 billion for 2004, a 9 per-

cent increase over 2003. Merchandise volume grew by 
$864
102,000 carloads, an increase of  4 percent.

02

03

04

General  merchandise  comprises  five  commodity 

groups, highlighted as follows.
income from railway operation
Metals and Construction
02
  Metals and construction posted a 17 percent gain in 

$1,158

$5,297

$107

1Q

02

2Q

02

3Q

02

4Q

02

1Q

03

2Q

03

3Q

03

4Q

03

1Q
04

2Q
04

3Q
04

4Q
04

80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3

revenue and a 10 percent increase in volume.
$1,0641

03
  Iron and steel carloads increased by 22 percent, and 

$1,171

$107

04

revenue improved by 25 percent. NS continues to 
$1,702

succeed in capturing new market share from trucks 

in the steel plate and structural steel markets. 

High        Low       Close

  New  steel  distribution  facilities  in  Missouri  and 

Georgia expanded market reach and contributed to 

$36.69
$36.19

volume growth.
$26.98

$24.62
$23.65

Paula Stiffler is assistant shop manager of the 

$17.35

$19.99
$17.20

Chattanooga, Tenn., Diesel Shop. Norfolk Southern 

02

03

purchased 207 locomotives in 2004 as business 

volume increased.  

$20.38

04

12

   
NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

Norfolk  Southern  moves  tractors  from  Waterloo,  Iowa, 

to Baltimore for export.

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES

LONG TERM DEBT

DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

$1,239

$119

$530

$870

$53

02

$460

03

$4111

04

$9232

intermodal revenue

02

$1,181

02

$7,3641

03

$7,1601

04

$7,525

$774

$8,1382

$733

$7,8932

2.5

55.62

2.4

53.12

02

$0.26

03

$0.30

04

$0.36

diluted earnings per share before cont operations

Switching Performance 2004

on time train performance

connection Performance 2004

Chemicals
  Chemicals  revenue  increased  by  12  percent  on 

5 percent volume growth. Improved pricing, chang-

es  in  traffic  mix,  and  fuel  surcharges  drove  higher 

2Q
3Q
revenue per car.
03
03
76.9
77.1

4Q
03
75.7
  One component of business growth was the expan-

1Q
04
77.5

2Q
04
83.8

3Q
04
85.8

sion of existing plants, which generated 2,500 new 

carloads. Plastic facility expansions contributed 1,500 

carloads. 

chemicals revenue

CHEMICALS REVENUE ($ MILLIONS)

$0.30

$1.35

$2.18

$0.13

2Q

03

65

3Q

03

68

4Q

03

74

1Q

04

70

2Q

04

77

3Q

04

74

4Q

04

73

agriculture revenue

paper revenue

automotive revenue

02

53.11

03

50.71

04

48.5

0.0

02

83.6

03

84.3

04

00.0

02

$961

03

$936

04

$954

02

$5,112

03

$5,4041

04

$5,610

02

$803

03

$1,054

04

$1,661

02

$1.18

03

$1.051

04

$2.312

02

$637

03

$688

04

$727

02

$1,441

03

$1,500

04

$1,728

02

6,262

03

6,456

04

7,067

02

$755

03

$772

04

$864

02

Service, a 75-car grain shuttle train, will service the 

$692

mill at Monetta, S.C.

03

$699

04

$818

coal revenue

railway operating revenues

railway operating expenses

income from railway operation

railway operating ratio

02

$1,158

$5,297

$107

03

$1,0641

$107

$1,171

04

$1,702

02

81.5

03

83.51

13

04

76.7

81.9

1.6

Revenue ton miles per employee

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel

on time train performance

High        Low       Close

system dwell

$26.98

$19.99

$17.20

$24.62

$23.65

$17.35

$36.69

$36.19

$20.38

02

22.6

03

22.9

04

22.6

train speed

02

23.3

03

23.2

04

22.8

1Q

02

2Q

02

3Q

02

4Q

02

1Q

03

2Q

03

3Q

03

4Q

03

1Q

04

2Q

04

3Q

04

4Q

04

80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3

02

03

04

02

$603

03

$634

04

$684

02

$6,270

03

$6,468

04

$7,312

02

379

03

388

04

395

2 percent increase in volume.

4Q
04
83.1

  A  59  percent  jump  in  ethanol  shipments,  with  an 

80 percent increase in revenue, was the result of  the 

opening  of   the  Northeast  market  to  ethanol  as  a 

gasoline additive. 

  NS reached an agreement for the construction of  

Agriculture, Consumer Products 
03
and Government
04
  Agriculture revenue increased by 6 percent with a 

a  new  feed  mill,  the  ninth  in  five  years  located  in 

the Southeastern grain train network. NS Mercury 

metals and construction revenue

$1,537

   
NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

AGRICULTURE, CONSUMER PRODUCTS
AND GOVERNMENT REVENUE ($ MILLIONS)

$637

02

03

$688

04

$727

Automotive
(cid:1)  Automotive revenue improved by 2 percent while 

volume declined by 2 percent because of   domestic 

automotive production cuts.

(cid:1)  Ford Motor Co. successfully launched the new Five 

Hundred, Freestyle and Mercury Montego models 

from its NS-served Chicago assembly plant.

(cid:1)  New  business  included  a  unit  train  service  for 

(cid:1)  Completing  a  recent  expansion,  Toyota  operated 

cattle  feed  launched  from  Lafayette,  Ind.,  to  Ama-

rillo,  Texas.  The  65-car  private  trains  operate  as  a  

shuttle between those points.

Paper, Clay and Forest Products
(cid:1)  Paper,  clay  and  forest  products  revenue  set  a 

record,  increasing  8  percent  on  a  volume  growth 

of  1 percent.

(cid:1)  Printing paper and newsprint shipments increased 

by 11 percent to meet the demands of U.S. advertisers.
(cid:1)  Refl ecting  increased  construction  activity,  con-

struction  and  debris  volume  doubled  over  2003, 

primarily from Pennsylvania and New Jersey, with

potential for continued growth.

(cid:1)  Lumber remained strong as housing starts and in-

terest rates stayed at favorable levels.

both  of   its  assembly  plants  at  Princeton,  Ind.,  for 

the entire year. Honda shipped vehicles at full pro-

duction throughout the year from its fi rst plant at 

Lincoln, Ala., and began production midyear at its 

second assembly plant there.

AUTOMOTIVE REVENUE ($ MILLIONS)

02

$961

03

$936

$954

04

PAPER, CLAY AND FOREST PRODUCTS
REVENUE ($ MILLIONS)

(cid:1)  New  business  included  a  Thoroughbred  Bulk

Terminal that opened in Greer, S.C., extending dis-

02

$603

tribution  options  for  shippers  in  North  Carolina, 

$634

03

South Carolina and Georgia.

04

$684

14

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

Rail Network
Operating

Solid planning and investments in people, equipment and infrastructure 

Smoothly

Keeps

enabled  Norfolk  Southern  to  improve  its  operating  performance  and  

to  continue  consistent,  reliable  service  to  customers  in  2004,  even  as  
volume growth put significantly more traffic on the network.

  The  Thoroughbred  Operating  Plan,  or  TOP,  con-

shipment connection performance. The system uses 

tinued to provide a foundation for growth. Further 

a trip plan for each rail car on the system and moni-

refinements of  TOP and new technologies brought 

tors  connection  performance  to  measure  if   each 

solid results to NS’ operating metrics.

car  makes  its  connections  correctly  and  on  time. 

  The  Coal  Transportation  Management  System, 

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES

Volume  increases  affected  on-time  train  perfor-
LONG TERM DEBT
mance  for  the  year;  however,  a  focus  on  making  

$733

02

03

$7,8932

$7,3641

$7,1601

02

$803

$0.26
$1,054

02

$460
03

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

work operations, respectively. 

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

helped improve coal unit train and intermodal net-

and the Strategic Intermodal Management System 

service  consistency  and  overall  velocity  improve, 

which also includes grain train traffic information,  

2.5

55.62

2.4

53.12

02

03

03

04

connections  helped  ensure  individual  shipment  
$8,1382
performance. When planned connections are met, 

$774

  Local  Operating Plan Adherence, or LOPA,  a ser-
$0.30
$1,661

vice  measurement  tool,  was  refined.  LOPA  oper-

$4111
04

even with increased carloads.

$530
  The company advanced its order for locomotives, 

$7,525

$119

04

$0.36

ates  through  the  Thoroughbred  Yard  Enterprise 

04

$9232

purchasing 207 in 2004.

$870

$53

System to plan and measure local switching opera-

  NS  continued  to  use  remote  control  locomotive 

tions at origin and destination terminals.

technology  in  local  switching  operations  to  im-

  Another  measurement 

tool,  Operating  Plan 

prove safety and efficiency. 

DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

DIVIDENDS PER SHARE

INCOME from CONT. OPER. BEFORE ACC CHANGES

02

53.11

03

50.71

04

48.5

0.0

2.5

55.62

2.4

53.12

02

$0.26

03

$0.30

04

$0.36

$119

$530

$870

$53

CASH PROVIDED BY OPERATING ACTIVITIES

LONG TERM DEBT

DEBT TO TOTAL CAPITALIZATION RATIO

02

$7,3641

03

$7,1601

04

$7,525

$774

$8,1382

$733

$7,8932

diluted earnings per share before cont operations

Switching Performance 2004

on time train performance

$0.30

$1.35

$2.18

$0.13

02

53.11

03

50.71

04

48.5

0.0

02

83.6

03

84.3

04

00.0

02

$961

03

$936

04

$954

02

$5,112

03

$5,4041

04

$5,610

02

$803

03

$1,054

04

$1,661

02

$1.18

03

$1.051

04

$2.312

02

$637

03

$688

04

$727

02

$1,441

03

$1,500

04

$1,728

02

6,262

03

6,456

04

7,067

Adherence,  was  enhanced  to  better  measure 

diluted earnings per share before cont operations
connection Performance 2004

CONNECTION PERFORMANCE (PERCENT)

02

$1.18

03

$1.051

04

$2.312

$0.30

$1.35

$2.18

$0.13

intermodal revenue

Switching Performance 2004

SWITCHING PERFORMANCE (PERCENT)

on time train performance

connection Performance 2004

02

$1,181

03

$1,239

04

$1,537

02

83.6

03

84.3

04

00.0

2Q

03

65

3Q

03

68

4Q

03

74

1Q

04

70

2Q

04

77

3Q

04

74

4Q

04

73

2Q
03
77.1

3Q
03
76.9

4Q
03
75.7

1Q
04
77.5

2Q
04
83.8

3Q
04
85.8

4Q
04
83.1

2Q
03
65

3Q
03
68

4Q
03
74

1Q
04
70

2Q
04
77

3Q
04
74

4Q
04
73

2Q

03

77.1

3Q

03

76.9

4Q

03

75.7

1Q

04

77.5

2Q

04

83.8

3Q

04

85.8

4Q

04

83.1

agriculture revenue

paper revenue

automotive revenue

agriculture revenue

chemicals revenue

15
metals and construction revenue

paper revenue

automotive revenue

chemicals revenue

metals and construction revenue

coal revenue

railway operating revenues

railway operating expenses

coal revenue

income from railway operation

railway operating revenues

railway operating ratio

railway operating expenses

income from railway operation

railway operating ratio

$5,297

$107

$107

$1,171

81.9

1.6

$5,297

$107

03

$1,0641

$107

$1,171

81.9

1.6

Revenue ton miles per employee

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel

on time train performance

High        Low       Close

Revenue ton miles per employee

system dwell

Revenue ton miles per gallon of diesel fuel

02

6,262

03

6,456

04

7,067

$26.98

$19.99

$17.20

$24.62

$23.65

$17.35

$36.69

$36.19

$20.38

on time train performance

train speed

02

23.3

03

23.2

04

22.8

High        Low       Close

system dwell

$26.98

$19.99

$17.20

$24.62

$23.65

$17.35

$36.69

$36.19

$20.38

02

22.6

03

22.9

04

22.6

train speed

02

23.3

03

23.2

04

22.8

1Q

02

2Q

02

3Q

02

4Q

02

1Q

03

2Q

03

3Q

03

4Q

03

1Q

04

2Q

04

3Q

04

4Q

04

80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3

02

03

04

1Q

02

2Q

02

3Q

02

4Q

02

1Q

03

2Q

03

3Q

03

4Q

03

1Q

04

2Q

04

3Q

04

4Q

04

80.9 81.9 85.1 83.5 74.5 89.4 87.8 82.6 78.9 81.7 79.3 66.3

02

03

04

02

$637

02

$755

03

$688

03

$772

04

$727

04

$864

02

$1,441

02

$1,158

03

$1,500

03

$1,0641

04

$1,728

04

$1,702

02

$603

02

$692

03

$634

03

$699

04

$684

04

$818

02

$6,270

02

81.5

03

$6,468

03

83.51

04

$7,312

04

76.7

02

02

22.6

379

03

03

22.9

388

04

04

22.6

395

02

$961

03

$936

04

$954

02

$5,112

03

$5,4041

04

$5,610

02

$755

03

$772

04

$864

02

$1,158

04

$1,702

02

$603

03

$634

04

$684

02

$6,270

03

$6,468

04

$7,312

02

379

03

388

04

395

02

$460

03

$4111

04

$9232

intermodal revenue

02

$1,181

03

$1,239

04

$1,537

02

$692

03

$699

04

$818

02

81.5

03

83.51

04

76.7

   
   
NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

  NS  hired  more  than  2,000  train  and  engine  crew 

  A  pilot  program  using  LEADER,  or  Locomotive 

members  in  2004  to  prepare  for  increased  traffic 

Engineer Assist Display and Event Recorder® tech-

volume and work force attrition. Several hundred 

nology, began in 2004 on the Winston Salem, N.C., 

mechanical and other employees also were hired to 

line.  The  pilot  is  a  partnership  among  NS,  New 

handle the additional locomotive and car programs 

York Air Brake Corp., General Electric Transporta-

planned  for  2005.  Training  at  McDonough,  Ga., 

tion Systems and the Federal Railroad Administra-

was expanded, with classes running 24 hours a day, 

tion. LEADER works by continuously logging the 

seven days a week.

operating state of  a train in its memory, creating a 

  NS began testing its Unified Train Control System, 

statistical profile of  the operation over a number of  

or  UTCS.  Jointly  developed  by  NS  and  Gen-

trips. That information is used to develop the most 

eral  Electric,  UTCS  will  replace  existing  sys-

efficient trip – called the “golden run” – and to help 

tems  with  networked,  computer-aided  dis-

engineers repeat it on subsequent trips in real time 

patching  workstations  that,  together  with  feeds 

by adjusting the throttle and brakes.

from  current  tactical  NS  information  systems, 

will  provide  a  seamless  transportation  man-

agement  system.  Phased  installation  of   UTCS  

began in December 2004.

Engineer Jeff Blasco of Crewe, Va., operates the controls 

of  a  Dash-9  locomotive.  Norfolk  Southern  is  installing 

advanced  technology  aboard  locomotives  to  maximize 

operating efficiency.

16

A trainload of trilevels for hauling vehicles moves across 

the  countryside  at  Johnstown,  Pa.  Norfolk  Southern  is 

North America’s largest rail carrier of automotive parts and 

finished vehicles.  

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

Financial Overview

Norfolk  Southern  posted  record  results
in  2004,  driven  by  strong  business  demand  and  effi  -

share, up $340 million or 64 percent. The improvement 

was the result of higher income from railway operations.

cient operating performance. Net income for 2004 was 

Railway  operating  revenues  were  a  record  $7.3  bil-

$923 million or $2.31 per diluted share. Results for 2004 

lion, up $844 million or 13 percent compared with 2003, 

compare with net income of  $535 million or $1.37 per 

a result of higher traffi  c volumes and increased average 

diluted share for 2003.  

revenue per carload.

Results 

in  2004 

included  a  $53  million  or 

Railway  operating  expenses  were  $5.6  billion,  up 

13  cents  per  share  noncash  gain  from  the  Conrail 

$206 million or 4 percent, refl ecting volume-related ex-

corporate  reorganization,  while  2003  results  includ-

pense increases and higher diesel fuel prices, which were 

ed:  (1)  a  $114  million  or  29  cents  per  share  increase 

off set in part by the absence of the $107 million volun-

to  net  income  for  the  cumulative  eff ect  of   required 

tary separation costs incurred in 2003.

changes  in  accounting  principles;  (2)  $66  million  or

Income  from  railway  operations  was  a  record 

17 cents per share of  costs for a voluntary separation 

$1.7  billion  compared  with  $1.1  billion  in  2003.  Exclud-

program; (3) $53 million or 13 cents per share for the 

ing the costs of the voluntary separation program from 

impairment  of   certain  telecommunications  assets; 

2003  results,  income  from  railway  operations  increased 

and (4) a $10 million or 3 cents per share discontinued

by $531 million or 45 percent.

operations gain.

The  railway  operating  ratio  was  76.7  percent,  com-

Excluding  all  of  these  items,  net  income  in  2004 

pared with 83.5 percent in 2003. Absent the cost of the 

would  have  been  $870  million  or  $2.18  per  diluted 

2003 voluntary separation program, the ratio improved 

by 5.2 percentage points.

RAILWAY OPERATING REVENUES ($ MILLIONS)

INCOME FROM RAILWAY OPERATIONS ($ MILLIONS)

02

$6,270

03

$6,468

04

$7,312

02

$1,158

03

$1,0641

04

$1,702

$107

$1,171

RAILWAY OPERATING EXPENSES ($ MILLIONS)

RAILWAY OPERATING RATIO (PERCENT)

$5,112

02

03

$5,4041

04

$5,610

02

81.5

$5,297

$107

03

83.51

81.9

1.6

04

76.7

1 2003 results include $107 million of costs related to a voluntary separation program that increased the railway operating ratio by 1.6 percentage points.

18

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

Five-Year Financial Review — Norfolk Southern Corporation and Subsidiaries
($ in millions, except per-share amounts)
RESULTS OF  OPERATIONS
Railway operating revenues
Railway operating expenses
Income from railway operations

6,170
 5,163
1,007

6,468
5,404
1,064

6,270
5,112
1,158

7,312
5,610
1,702

20032

20041

2001

2002

$

$

$

$

$

Other income — net
Interest expense on debt

Income from continuing operations before  
income taxes and accounting changes

Provision for income taxes

Income from continuing operations before 

accounting changes

Discontinued operations3
Cumulative effect of  changes in accounting 

principles, net of  taxes4

Net income

PER SHARE DATA
Income from continuing operations before  

accounting changes
Basic
Diluted
Net income
Basic
Diluted
Dividends
Stockholders’ equity at year end

FINANCIAL POSITION
Total assets
Total long-term debt, including 

current maturities5
Stockholders’ equity

OTHER
Capital expenditures
Average number of shares outstanding (thousands)
Number of  stockholders at year end
Average number of  employees

89
489

1,302

379

923
—

—

923

2.34
2.31

2.34
2.31
0.36
19.95

24,750

7,525
7,990

1,041
394,201
51,032
28,475

$

$
$

$
$
$
$

$

$
$

$

19
497

586

175

411
10

114

535

1.05
1.05

1.37
1.37
0.30
17.83

20,596

7,160
6,976

720
389,788
52,091
28,753

$

$
$

$
$
$
$

$

$
$

$

66
518

706

246

460
—

—

460

1.18
1.18

1.18
1.18
0.26 
16.71 

19,956 

7,364 
6,500 

695
388,213
51,418
28,970

$

$
$

$
$
$
$

$

$
$

$

$

$
$

$
$
$
$

$

$
$

$

20006

6,159
5,526
633

168
551

250

78

172
—

—

172

 99
553

553

 191

362
13

—

375

$

0.94
0.94

0.97
0.97
0.24
15.78

19,418

7,632
6,090

746
385,158
 53,042
30,894

$
$

$
$
$
$

$

$
$

$

0.45
0.45

0.45
0.45
0.80
15.16

18,976

7,636
5,824

731
383,358
53,194
33,738

NOTES
1 2004 other income — net includes a $53 million net gain from the Conrail corporate reorganization. This gain increased net income by $53 million or 13 cents per 
diluted share.
2 2003 operating expenses include a $107 million charge for a voluntary separation program. Other income — net includes an $84 million charge to recognize the 
impaired value of certain telecommunications assets. These charges reduced net income by $119 million or 30 cents per diluted share.
3 NS sold all the common stock of its motor carrier subsidiary, North American Van Lines, Inc. (NAVL), in 1998. Results in 2001 include an additional after-tax gain 
of $13 million, or 3 cents per diluted share, that resulted from the expiration of certain indemnity obligations contained in the sales agreement. Results in 2003 
include an additional after-tax gain of $10 million, or 3 cents per diluted share, resulting from the resolution of tax issues related to the transaction.
4 2003 reflects two accounting changes, the cumulative effect of which increased net income by $114 million or 29 cents per diluted share: a change in accounting 
for the cost to remove railroad crossties, which increased net income by $110 million; and a change in accounting related to a special-purpose entity that leases 
certain locomotives to NS, which increased net income by $4 million. 
5 Excludes notes payable to Conrail of $716 million in 2003, $513 million in 2002, $301 million in 2001 and $51 million in 2000.
6 2000 operating expenses include $165 million in work force reduction costs for early retirement and separation programs. These costs reduced net income by 
$101 million, or 26 cents per diluted share.

19

   
 
   
 
   
NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

Years ended December 31,

2004

2003

2002

($ in millions, except earnings per share)

$

7,312

$

6,468

$

6,270

2,272

1,601

319

598

449

151

220

5,610

1,702

89

(489)

1,302

379

923

—

—

923

2.34

2.31

2.34

2.31

2,275

1,427

419

513

380

181

209

5,404

1,064

19

(497)

586

175

411

10

114

535

1.05

1.05

1.37

1.37

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

2,022

1,457

412 

515 

342 

171 

193

5,112 

1,158 

66 

(518)

706

246 

460

— 

—

460

1.18

1.18

1.18

1.18

Income Statement

RAILWAY OPERATING REVENUES

RAILWAY OPERATING EXPENSES
Compensation and benefits 
Materials, services and rents
Conrail rents and services 
Depreciation
Diesel fuel
Casualties and other claims
Other

Total railway operating expenses

Income from railway operations

Other income — net 
Interest expense on debt 

Income from continuing operations 

before income taxes and accounting changes

Provision for income taxes 

Income from continuing operations 

 before accounting changes

Discontinued operations — gain on sale of   

motor carrier, net of  taxes

Cumulative effect of  changes in accounting  

principles, net of  taxes

NET INCOME

EARNINGS PER SHARE
Income from continuing operations  
before accounting changes

Basic
Diluted
Net income
Basic
Diluted

$

$

$

$

$

 See Form 10-K report beginning on page K1 for full financial statements and footnotes

20

       
       
NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

Balance Sheet

ASSETS
Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents
Short-term investments
Accounts receivable, net 
Materials and supplies
Deferred income taxes
Other current assets

Total current assets

Investment in Conrail
Properties less accumulated depreciation
Other assets

TOTAL ASSETS

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Current liabilities:

Accounts payable
Income and other taxes
Due to Conrail
Other current liabilities
Current maturities of  long-term debt

Total current liabilities

Long-term debt 
Other liabilities
Due to Conrail
Deferred income taxes

TOTAL LIABILITIES

Stockholders’ equity:

Common stock $1.00 per share par value, 1,350,000,000 shares authorized; 

issued 421,346,107 and 412,168,988 shares, respectively

Additional paid-in capital
Unearned restricted stock
Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Retained income
Less treasury stock at cost, 20,907,125 and 21,016,125 shares, respectively

TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
TOTAL LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

See Form 10-K report beginning on page K1 for full financial statements and footnotes

21

 As of December 31, 

2004

2003

($ in millions)

$

$

$

$

$

$

579

90

767

104

187

240

1,967

805

20,526

1,452

24,750

1,012

210

78

239

662

2,201

6,863

1,146

—

6,550

16,760

421
728

(8)

(24)

6,893

(20)

7,990

$

$24,750

$

284

2

695

92

189

163

1,425

6,259

11,779

1,133

20,596

948

199

81

213

360

1,801

6,800

1,080

716

3,223

13,620

412
521

(5)

(44)

6,112

(20)

6,976

20,596

         
NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

Quarterly Financial Data

March 31

Three Months Ended
June 30

Sept. 30

Dec. 31

(In millions of dollars, except per share amounts)

2004
Railway operating revenues

Income from railway operations

Net income 

Earnings per share:

Basic

Diluted

2003
Railway operating revenues

Income from railway operations
Income from continuing operations

before accounting changes

Net income

Earnings per share — basic and diluted:
Income from continuing operations

before accounting changes

Net income

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,693

346

158

0.40

0.40

1,561

231

85

2092

0.22

0.542

$

1,813

425

213

0.55

0.54

1,633

298

137

137

0.35

0.35

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1,857

469

2881

0.731

0.721

1,598

311

137

137

0.35

0.35

$

1,949

462

264

0.66

0.65

1,676

224

523

523

0.133

0.133

$ 

$

$

$

$

1  Includes a $53 million or 13 cents per share gain from the Conrail corporate reorganization
2  Includes  a  $114  million  or  29  cents  per  share  increase  related  to  required  accounting  changes  and  $10  million  or  3  cents  per  share  from  discontinued 

operations

3  Includes a $107 million pretax charge in operating expenses for a voluntary separation program, which reduced net income by $66 million or 17 cents per share;

also includes an $84 million pretax nonoperating impairment charge that reduced net income by $53 million or 13 cents per share

Stock Price and Dividend Information

The Common Stock of  Norfolk Southern Corporation, owned by 51,032 stockholders of  record as of  Dec. 31, 2004, is traded on the 
New York Stock Exchange with the symbol NSC. The following table shows the high and low sales prices and dividends per share, 
by quarter, for 2004 and 2003.

2004
Market price

High
Low

Dividends per share

2003
Market price

High
Low

Dividends per share

1st

2nd

3rd

4th

Quarter

$

$

$

$

24.06

20.38

0.08

20.89

17.35

0.07

$

$

$

$

26.60

21.54

0.08

22.39

18.31

0.07

$

$

$

$

29.79

24.77

0.10

20.20

18.00

0.08

$

$

$

$

36.69

29.88

0.10

24.62

18.32

0.08

22

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

Board 

ofDirectorsAs of  February 1, 2005

  Left to right: Harold W. Pote, Landon Hilliard, Jane Margaret O’Brien, Steven F. Leer, Charles W. Moorman, David R. Goode, Alston D. Correll, J. Paul Reason, 
Burton M. Joyce, Gene R. Carter, Gerald L. Baliles 

Gerald L. Baliles, 64, of  Richmond, Va., is a partner 
in the law firm of  Hunton & Williams, a business law 
firm with offices in several major U.S. cities and inter-
national  offices  in  Bangkok,  Brussels,  London,  Hong 
Kong and Singapore. His board service began in 1990; 
his current term expires in 2005.
Gene R. Carter, 65, of  Alexandria, Va., is executive 
director and chief  executive officer of  the Association 
for Supervision and Curriculum Development, among 
the  world’s  largest  international  education  associa-
tions. His board service began in 1992; his current term 
expires in 2005.
Alston D. Correll, 63, of  Atlanta, is chairman and 
chief   executive  officer  of   Georgia-Pacific  Corpora-
tion. His board service began in 2000; his current term  
expires in 2006.
David  R.  Goode,  64,  of   Norfolk,  Va.,  is  chairman 
and  chief   executive  officer  of   Norfolk  Southern  Cor-
poration.  He  joined  Norfolk  and  Western  Railway  in 
1965 and was named chief  executive officer of  Norfolk 
Southern in 1992. His board service began in 1992; his 
current term expires in 2006.
Landon Hilliard, 65, of New York City, is a partner in 
Brown Brothers Harriman & Co., a private bank in New 

York City. His board service began in 1992; his current 
term expires in 2007.
Burton M. Joyce, 62, of Penhook, Va., is chairman of 
IPSCO, a leading steel producer. His board service began 
in November 2003; his current term expires in 2007.
Steven F. Leer, 52, of  St. Louis, is president and chief 
executive officer of Arch Coal, Inc., the nation’s second-
largest coal producer. His board service began in 1999; 
his current term expires in 2006.
Charles W. Moorman, 52, of Virginia Beach, Va., is 
president of Norfolk Southern Corporation. He joined 
Norfolk Southern in 1970 and was named president on 
Oct. 1, 2004. His board service began Jan. 25, 2005; his 
current term expires in 2005.  
Jane Margaret O’Brien, 51, of St. Mary’s City, Md., is 
president of St. Mary’s College of Maryland. Her board 
service began in 1994; her current term expires in 2007.
Harold W. Pote, 58, of New York City, is vice chairman,  
Retail  Financial  Services  of  JPMorgan  Chase  &  Co.  His  
board service began in 1988; his current term expires in 2006.
J. Paul Reason, 63, Admiral, USN, retired, of Norfolk, 
Va., is president and chief operating officer of Metro Ma-
chine Corporation, a ship repair company. His board ser-
vice began in 2002; his current term expires in 2005.

23

Stockholder Information

Common Stock 

Ticker symbol: NSC
Common stock of  Norfolk Southern Corporation is listed 
and traded on the New York Stock Exchange.

Annual Meeting

May 12, 2005, at 10 a.m. EDT
The Roper Performing Arts Center
340 Granby St.
Norfolk, Va.

Publications
Upon  written  request,  the  corporation’s  annual  and 
quarterly reports on Forms 10-K and 10-Q will be fur-
nished free to stockholders. Write to: Public Relations 
Department,  Norfolk  Southern  Corporation,  Three 
Commercial Place, Norfolk, Va. 23510-9227.

A  notice  and  proxy  statement/annual  meeting  of  
stockholders are furnished to stockholders in advance 
of  the annual meeting. 

Upon request, a stockholder may receive a printed 
copy of  the Corporate Governance Guidelines, board 
committee charters, Code of  Ethics, and Code of  Ethi-
cal Conduct for Senior Financial Officers. Contact the 
Corporate  Secretary,  Norfolk  Southern  Corporation, 
Three  Commercial  Place,  Norfolk,  Va.  23510-9219. 
This information also is available on the NS Web site.

Internal Audit Hotline
High  ethical  standards  always  have  been  key  to  Nor-
folk  Southern’s  success.  Anyone  who  may  be  aware 
of   a  violation  of   the  corporation’s  ethical  standards 
or a conflict of  interest, or has a concern or complaint 
regarding  the  corporation’s  financial  reporting,  ac-
counting,  internal  controls  or  auditing  matters  is  en-
couraged  to  report  such  information  to  the  Internal 
Audit  Hotline,  (800)  732-9279.  Reports  may  be  made 
anonymously and without fear of  retaliation.

Annual Report Requests
and Information
(800) 531-6757

World Wide Web
Address
www.nscorp.com

Dividends
At its January 2005 meeting, the corporation’s board of  
directors declared a quarterly dividend of  11 cents per 
share on its common stock, payable on March 10, 2005, 
to stockholders of  record on Feb. 4, 2005.

Norfolk Southern Corporation pays quarterly divi-
dends on its common stock, usually on or about March 
10, June 10, Sept. 10 and Dec. 10. The corporation has 
paid 90 consecutive quarterly dividends since its incep-
tion in 1982. C.

Financial Inquiries
Henry C. Wolf
Vice Chairman and
   Chief  Financial Officer
Norfolk Southern Corp.
Three Commercial Place
Norfolk, Va. 23510-9215
(757) 629-2650

Corporate Offices
Executive Offices
Norfolk Southern Corp.
Three Commercial Place
Norfolk, Va. 23510-9227
(757) 629-2600

Stockholder Inquiries
Leanne D. Marilley
Director Investor Relations
Norfolk Southern Corp.
Three Commercial Place
Norfolk, Va. 23510-9215
(757) 629-2861

Regional Offices
110 Franklin Road S.E.
Roanoke, Va. 24042

99 Spring St. S.W.
Atlanta, Ga. 30303

Account Assistance
For  assistance  with  lost  stock  certificates,  transfer 
requirements  and  the  Dividend  Reinvestment  Plan, 
contact:

Registrar and Transfer Agent
The Bank of  New York
101 Barclay St.—11E
New York, N.Y. 10286
(866) 272-9472

For  assistance  with  address  changes,  dividend 

checks and direct deposit of  dividends, contact: 

Assistant Corporate Secretary Stockholder Records
Norfolk Southern Corporation
Three Commercial Place
Norfolk, Va. 23510-9219
(800) 531-6757

Dividend Reinvestment Plan
Stockholders whose names appear on their stock cer-
tificates  (not  a  street  or  broker  name)  are  eligible  to 
participate in the Dividend Reinvestment Plan.

The  plan  provides  a  convenient,  economical  and 
systematic  method  of   acquiring  additional  shares  of  
the corporation’s common stock by permitting eligible 
stockholders of  record to reinvest dividends.

The plan’s administrator is The Bank of  New York. 

For additional information, dial (866) 272-9472.

 
NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION — ANNUAL REPORT 2004

Officers and Board

Committees

David R. Goode  CHAIRMAN OF THE BOARD AND CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

Bruno Maestri  VICE PRESIDENT PUBLIC AFFAIRS

Charles W. Moorman  PRESIDENT

Robert E. MartÍnez  VICE PRESIDENT BUSINESS DEVELOPMENT 

L. I. Prillaman  VICE CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF MARKETING OFFICER

Stephen C. Tobias  VICE CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF OPERATING OFFICER

Henry C. Wolf  VICE CHAIRMAN AND CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER

James A. Hixon  EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT FINANCE AND PUBLIC AFFAIRS

Mark D. Manion  EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT OPERATIONS

Kathryn B. McQuade  EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT PLANNING

Michael R. McClellan  VICE PRESIDENT INTERMODAL
AND AUTOMOTIVE MARKETING

Thomas H. Mullenix, Jr.  VICE PRESIDENT HUMAN RESOURCES

William J. Romig  VICE PRESIDENT AND TREASURER

Marta R. Stewart  VICE PRESIDENT AND CONTROLLER

Gerhard A. Thelen  VICE PRESIDENT MECHANICAL

AND CHIEF INFORMATION OFFICER

Charles J. Wehrmeister  VICE PRESIDENT SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL

John P. Rathbone  EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT ADMINISTRATION

F. Blair Wimbush  VICE PRESIDENT REAL ESTATE

Donald W. Seale  EXECUTIVE VICE PRESIDENT SALES AND MARKETING

Gary W. Woods  VICE PRESIDENT ENGINEERING

John F. Corcoran  SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT PUBLIC AFFAIRS

Dezora M. Martin  CORPORATE SECRETARY

Henry D. Light  SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT LAW

John M. Samuels  SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT OPERATIONS PLANNING  

AND SUPPORT

Daniel D. Smith  SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT ENERGY AND PROPERTIES

James A. Squires  SENIOR VICE PRESIDENT LAW

David A. Brown  VICE PRESIDENT STRATEGIC PLANNING 

Deborah H. Butler  VICE PRESIDENT CUSTOMER SERVICE

James E. Carter, Jr.  VICE PRESIDENT INTERNAL AUDIT

Joseph C. Dimino  SENIOR GENERAL COUNSEL

Cynthia C. Earhart  VICE PRESIDENT INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Terry N. Evans  VICE PRESIDENT OPERATIONS, PLANNING AND BUDGET

Robert C. Fort  VICE PRESIDENT PUBLIC RELATIONS

William A. Galanko  VICE PRESIDENT TAXATION

Robert E. Huffman  VICE PRESIDENT INTERMODAL OPERATIONS

David T. Lawson  VICE PRESIDENT INDUSTRIAL PRODUCTS 

H. Craig Lewis  VICE PRESIDENT CORPORATE AFFAIRS

Mark R. MacMahon  VICE PRESIDENT LABOR RELATIONS

Committees of  the Board of  Directors
Executive
H.W. Pote, chair
G.L. Baliles
G.R. Carter
D.R. Goode
L. Hilliard
J.M. O’Brien

Compensation
G.R. Carter, chair
B.M. Joyce
J.M. O’Brien
H.W. Pote

Finance
G.L. Baliles, chair
A.D. Correll
L. Hilliard 
S.F. Leer
J.P. Reason

Governance 
and Nominating
L. Hilliard, chair
G.L. Baliles
A.D. Correll
S.F. Leer
H.W. Pote

Audit
J.M. O’Brien, chair
G.R. Carter
B.M. Joyce
J.P. Reason

24

 
 
 
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C.  20549 

FORM 10-K 

(X)  ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES 

EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934     For the fiscal year ended DEC. 31, 2004 

( )  TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES 
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934     For the transition period from _________ to _________ 

Commission file number 1-8339 

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Virginia 
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation) 

Three Commercial Place 
Norfolk, Virginia 
(Address of principal executive offices) 

Registrant's telephone number, including area code 

52-1188014 
(IRS Employer Identification No.) 

23510-2191 
Zip Code 

(757) 629-2680 

No Change 
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report.) 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of each Class 

Norfolk Southern Corporation 

Common Stock (Par Value $1.00) 

Name of each exchange 

on which registered 

New York Stock Exchange 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: NONE 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such 
filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes (X)   No (  ) 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein and will not be contained, to 
the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any 
amendment to this Form 10-K.           (  ) 

The number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant's classes of common stock, as of Jan. 31, 2005:  400,276,939 excluding 20,907,125 

shares held by registrant's consolidated subsidiaries). 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes (X) No ( ) 

The aggregate market value of the voting common equity held by nonaffiliates as of June 30, 2004 was $10,440,582,263 (based on the closing price 
as quoted on the New York Stock Exchange on that date). 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: 
Portions of the Registrant's definitive proxy statement to be filed electronically pursuant to Regulation 14A not later than 120 days after the end 
of the fiscal year, are incorporated by reference in Part III. 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS 

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (NS) 

Part I. 

Part II. 

1.     Business 
2.     Properties 
3.     Legal Proceedings 
4.     Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders 
        Executive Officers of the Registrant 

5.     Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholders Matters 
6.     Selected Financial Data 
7.     Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results 
        of Operations 
7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk 
8.     Financial Statements and Supplementary Data 
9.     Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and 
        Financial Disclosure 
9A.  Controls and Procedures 

Part III. 

10.  Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant 
11.  Executive Compensation 
12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management 
       and Related Stockholder Matters 
13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions 
14.   Principal Accountant Fees and Services 

Part IV. 

15.  Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedule and Reports on Form 8-K 
       Index to Consolidated Financial Statement Schedule 

Power of Attorney 

Signatures 

Exhibit Index 

K2 

Page

K3
K3
K11
K11

K14
K15

K17
K36
K37

K77
K77

K78
K78

K78
K81
K81

K82

K90

K90

K93

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
PART I 

Norfolk Southern Corporation and Subsidiaries (NS) 

Item 1.  Business.  and Item 2.  Properties. 

GENERAL - Norfolk Southern Corporation (Norfolk Southern) was incorporated on July 23, 1980, 
under the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia.  On June l, 1982, Norfolk Southern acquired control of 
two major operating railroads, Norfolk and Western Railway Company (NW) and Southern Railway 
Company (Southern) in accordance with an Agreement of Merger and Reorganization dated as of July 31, 
1980, and with the approval of the transaction by the Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC) (now the 
Surface Transportation Board [STB]). 

Effective Dec. 31, 1990, Norfolk Southern transferred all the common stock of NW to Southern, and 
Southern's name was changed to Norfolk Southern Railway Company (Norfolk Southern Railway or 
NSR).  Effective Sept. 1, 1998, NW was merged with and into Norfolk Southern Railway.  As of Dec. 31, 
2004, all the common stock of Norfolk Southern Railway was owned directly by Norfolk Southern. 

Through a limited liability company, Norfolk Southern and CSX Corporation (CSX) jointly own 
Conrail Inc. (Conrail), whose primary subsidiary is Consolidated Rail Corporation (CRC).  Norfolk 
Southern has a 58% economic and 50% voting interest in the jointly owned entity, and CSX has the 
remainder of the economic and voting interests.  CRC owns and operates certain properties (the Shared 
Assets Areas) for the joint and exclusive benefit of NSR and CSX Transportation Inc. (CSXT).  On 
June 1, 1999, NSR and CSXT, began operating separate portions of Conrail’s rail routes and assets.  As 
described below, on August 27, 2004, NS, CSX and Conrail completed a reorganization of Conrail. 

Norfolk Southern makes available free of charge through its website, www.nscorp.com, its annual report 
on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to 
those reports as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is electronically filed with or 
furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).  Additionally, Norfolk Southern’s 
corporate governance guidelines, board committee charters, code of ethics and code of ethical conduct for 
senior financial officers are available on the company’s website and in print to any shareholder who 
requests them. 

Unless otherwise indicated, Norfolk Southern and its subsidiaries are referred to collectively as NS. 

CONRAIL CORPORATE REORGANIZATION – On August 27, 2004, NS, CSX and Conrail 
completed a reorganization of Conrail (Conrail Corporate Reorganization), which established direct 
ownership and control by NSR and CSX Transportation, Inc. (CSXT) of two former CRC subsidiaries, 
Pennsylvania Lines LLC (PRR) and New York Central Lines LLC (NYC), respectively.  Prior to the 
Conrail Corporate Reorganization, NSR operated the routes and assets of PRR and CSXT operated the 
routes and assets of NYC, each in accordance with operating and lease agreements.  Pursuant to the 
Conrail Corporate Reorganization, the operating and lease agreements were terminated and PRR and 
NYC were merged into NSR and CSXT, respectively.  The reorganization did not involve the Shared 
Assets Areas and did not affect the competitive rail service provided in the Shared Assets Areas.  
Conrail continues to own, manage and operate the Shared Assets Areas as previously approved by the 
STB.  In connection with the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, NS, CSX and Conrail obtained a 
ruling from the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) regarding certain tax matters, and the STB approved 
the transaction.  As a part of the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, Conrail restructured its existing 

K3 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
unsecured and secured public indebtedness, with the consent of Conrail’s debtholders.  See Note 2 to 
the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

RAILROAD OPERATIONS – As of Dec. 31, 2004, NS’ railroads operated approximately 
21,300 miles of road.  The miles operated, which includes leased lines between Cincinnati, Ohio, and 
Chattanooga, Tennessee, and trackage rights over property owned by North Carolina Railway Company, 
were as follows: 

Mileage Operated as of Dec.  31, 2004 

  Miles 
of 
Road 

  Second and 
Other Main 
Track 

  Passing 
  Track, 
  Crossovers 

and 
Turnouts 

  Way and 
Yard 
Switching 

Total 

Owned 
Operated under lease, 
  contract or trackage rights 
      Total 

   16,389

4,947
   21,336

2,808

1,978
4,786

2,095

417
2,512

8,632 

29,924

969 
9,601 

8,311
38,235

NS' railroads carry raw materials, intermediate products and finished goods primarily in the Southeast, 
East and Midwest and via interchange with other rail carriers, to and from the rest of the United States 
and parts of Canada.  They also transport overseas freight through several Atlantic and Gulf Coast ports.  
Atlantic ports served by NS include: the Ports of New York/New Jersey; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania/ 
Camden, New Jersey; Baltimore, Maryland; Wilmington, Delaware; Norfolk, Virginia; Morehead City, 
North Carolina; Charleston, South Carolina; Savannah and Brunswick, Georgia; and Jacksonville, 
Florida.  Gulf Coast ports served include Mobile, Alabama and New Orleans, Louisiana. 

The lines of NS' railroads reach most of the larger industrial and trading centers of the Southeast, 
Northeast, Mid-Atlantic region and Midwest.  Chicago, Norfolk, Detroit, Atlanta, Metropolitan New 
York City, Jacksonville, Kansas City (Missouri), Baltimore, Buffalo, Charleston, Cleveland, Columbus, 
Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Toledo, Greensboro, Charlotte and Savannah are among the leading centers 
originating and terminating freight traffic on the system.  In addition, haulage arrangements with 
connecting carriers allow NS' railroads to provide single-line service to and from additional markets, 
including haulage provided by Florida East Coast Railway Company to serve southern and eastern 
Florida, including the port cities of Miami, West Palm Beach and Fort Lauderdale; and haulage provided 
by The Kansas City Southern Railway Company to provide transcontinental intermodal service via a 
connection in Dallas, Texas with the Burlington Northern and Santa Fe Railway Company.  Service is 
provided to New England, including the Port of Boston, via haulage, trackage rights and interline 
arrangements with Canadian Pacific Railway Company and Guilford Transportation Industries.  The 
system's lines also reach many individual industries, electric generating facilities, mines (in western 
Virginia, eastern Kentucky, southern and northern West Virginia and western Pennsylvania), distribution 
centers, transload facilities and other businesses located in smaller communities in its service area.  The 
traffic corridors carrying the heaviest volumes of freight include those from the New York City area to 
Chicago (via Allentown and Pittsburgh); Chicago to Jacksonville (via Cincinnati, Chattanooga and 
Atlanta); Appalachian coal fields of Virginia, West Virginia and Kentucky to Norfolk, Virginia and 
Sandusky, Ohio; Cleveland to Kansas City; and Knoxville to Chattanooga.  Chicago, Memphis, 
Sidney/Salem, Illinois, New Orleans, Kansas City, Buffalo, St. Louis and Meridian, MS, are major 
gateways for interterritorial system traffic. 

K4  

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
Triple Crown Operations – Triple Crown Services Company (TCSC), NS’ intermodal subsidiary, offers 
door-to-door intermodal service using RoadRailer® equipment and domestic containers.  RoadRailer® 
units are enclosed vans that can be pulled over highways in tractor-trailer configuration and over the rails 
by locomotives.  TCSC provides intermodal service in major traffic corridors, including those between 
the Midwest and the Northeast, the Midwest and the Southeast, and the Midwest and Texas. 

The following table sets forth certain statistics relating to NS railroads' operations for the past 5 years: 

Rail Operating Statistics 

2004 

Year Ended Dec.  31, 
2002 

2001 

2003 

2000 

Revenue ton miles (billions) 
Freight train miles traveled (millions) 
Revenue per ton mile 
Revenue ton miles per 
  man-hour worked 
Percentage ratio of railway operating 
  expenses to railway operating revenues 

198
77.7
$0.0369

183    
73.9    
$0.0353    

179   
72.6   
$0.0350   

182    
70.0    
$0.0339    

197    
74.4    
$0.0312    

3,347

3,111    

3,067   

3,023    

2,888    

76.7%

83.5%1 

81.5%

83.7% 

89.7%2 

1Includes $107 million of costs for a voluntary separation program, which added 1.6 percentage points to 
the ratio. 

2Includes $165 million of costs for early retirement and separation programs, which added 2.7 percentage 
points to the ratio. 

RAILWAY OPERATING REVENUES -- NS' total railway operating revenues were $7.3 billion 
in 2004.  See the financial information by traffic segment in Part II, Item 7, “Management’s Discussion 
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” 

COAL TRAFFIC -- Coal, coke and iron ore -- most of which is bituminous coal -- is NS' railroads' 
largest commodity group as measured by revenues.  The railroads handled a total of 181 million tons in 
2004, most of which originated on NS' lines in West Virginia, Virginia, Pennsylvania and Kentucky.  
Revenues from coal, coke and iron ore accounted for about 24% of NS' total railway operating revenues 
in 2004. 

Total coal handled through all system ports in 2004 was 38 million tons.  Of this total, 13 million tons 
(including coastwise traffic) moved through Norfolk, Virginia, 4 million tons moved through the 
Baltimore Terminal, 14 million tons moved to various docks on the Ohio River, and 7 million tons moved 
to various Lake Erie ports.  Other than coal for export, virtually all coal handled by NS' railroads was 
terminated in states east of the Mississippi River. 

See the discussion of coal traffic, by type of coal, in Part II, Item 7, “Management's Discussion and 
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” 

GENERAL MERCHANDISE TRAFFIC - General merchandise traffic is composed of five major 
commodity groupings:  automotive; chemicals; metals and construction; agriculture, consumer products 
and government; and paper, clay and forest products.  The automotive group includes finished vehicles 
for BMW, DaimlerChrysler, Ford Motor Company, General Motors, Honda, Isuzu, Jaguar, Land Rover, 
Mazda, Mercedes-Benz, Mitsubishi, Nissan, Saab, Subaru, Suzuki, Toyota and Volkswagen, and auto 

K5  

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
parts for Ford Motor Company, General Motors, Mercedes-Benz and Toyota.  The chemicals group 
includes sulfur and related chemicals, petroleum products, chlorine and bleaching compounds, plastics, 
rubber, industrial chemicals, chemical wastes and municipal wastes.  The metals and construction group 
includes steel, aluminum products, machinery, scrap metals, cement, aggregates, bricks and minerals.  
The agriculture, consumer products and government group includes soybeans, wheat, corn, fertilizer, 
animal and poultry feed, food oils, flour, beverages, canned goods, sweeteners, consumer products, 
ethanol and items for the military.  The paper, clay and forest products group includes lumber and wood 
products, pulp board and paper products, wood fibers, wood pulp, scrap paper and clay. 

In 2004, 141 million tons of general merchandise freight, or approximately 67% of total general 
merchandise tonnage handled by NS, originated online.  The balance of general merchandise traffic was 
received from connecting carriers at interterritorial gateways.  The principal interchange points for NS-
received traffic included Chicago, Memphis, New Orleans, Cincinnati, Kansas City, Detroit, Hagerstown, 
St. Louis/East St. Louis and Louisville.  General merchandise carloads handled in 2004 were 2.9 million, 
the revenue from which accounted for 55% of NS’ total railway operating revenues in 2004. 

See the discussion of general merchandise rail traffic by commodity group in Part II, Item 7, 
“Management's Discussion and Analysis.” 

INTERMODAL TRAFFIC - The intermodal market consists of shipments moving in trailers, domestic 
and international containers, and Roadrailer® equipment.  These shipments are handled on behalf of 
intermodal marketing companies, international steamship lines, truckers and other shippers.  Intermodal 
units handled in 2004 were 2.9 million, the revenues from which accounted for 21% of NS’ total railway 
operating revenues for the year. 

See the discussion of intermodal traffic in Part II, Item 7, “Management's Discussion and Analysis of 
Financial Conditions and Results of Operations.” 

FREIGHT RATES - In 2004, NS' railroads continued their reliance on private contracts and exempt 
price quotes as their predominant pricing mechanisms.  Thus, a major portion of NS' railroads' freight 
business is not currently economically regulated by the government.  In general, market forces have been 
substituted for government regulation and now are the primary determinant of rail service prices.  
However, in 2004 there were significant coal movements moving under common carrier (tariff) rates that 
had previously moved under rates contained in transportation contracts.  Beginning Jan. 1, 2002, coal 
moving to Duke Energy's (Duke) Belew's Creek, Allen, Buck and Dan River generating stations moved 
under common carrier rates and beginning April 1, 2002, coal moving to Carolina Power and Light's 
(CP&L) Hyco and Mayo plants moved under common carrier rates.  In 2002, Duke and CP&L filed rate 
reasonableness complaints at the STB alleging that NS’ tariff rates for the transportation of coal were 
unreasonable.  On October 20, 2004, in a consolidated decision the STB found NS’ rates to be reasonable 
in both cases.  At the STB’s invitation, Duke and CP&L have each initiated proceedings to determine 
whether phasing constraints should apply.  Although management has made an estimate of the ultimate 
resolution of these cases, the uncertainty of future developments in the Duke case and(or) the CP&L case 
may result in adjustments that could have a favorable or unfavorable material impact on results of 
operations in a particular quarter or year.  See the discussion of the rate cases in Part II, Item 7, 
“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” 

In 2004, NS' railroads were found by the STB not to be “revenue adequate” based on results for the year 
2003.  A railroad is “revenue adequate” under the applicable law when its return on net investment 
exceeds the rail industry's composite cost of capital.  This determination is made pursuant to a statutory 
requirement and does not adversely impact NS' liquidity or capital resources. 

K6 

 
 
  
 
  
 
 
PASSENGER OPERATIONS - Regularly scheduled passenger trains are operated by Amtrak on 
NS' lines between Alexandria and New Orleans, between Greensboro and Selma, North Carolina, 
between Chicago, Illinois, and Detroit, Michigan, and between Chicago and Harrisburg, Pennsylvania.  
Commuter trains are operated on the NS line between Manassas and Alexandria in accordance with 
contracts with two transportation commissions of the Commonwealth of Virginia.  NS also leases the 
Chicago to Manhattan, Illinois, line to the Commuter Rail Division of the Regional Transportation 
Authority of Northeast Illinois.  NS operates lines on which Amtrak conducts regularly scheduled 
passenger operations.  In addition, NS provides freight service over lines with significant ongoing Amtrak 
and commuter passenger operations, and is conducting freight operations over some trackage owned by 
Amtrak or by New Jersey Transit, the Southeastern Pennsylvania Transportation Authority, Metro-North 
Commuter Railroad Company and Maryland DOT.  Finally, passenger operations are conducted either by 
Amtrak or by the commuter agencies over trackage owned by Conrail in the Shared Assets Areas. 

NONCARRIER OPERATIONS - NS' noncarrier subsidiaries engage principally in the acquisition, 
leasing and management of coal, oil, gas and minerals; the development of commercial real estate; 
telecommunications; and the leasing or sale of rail property and equipment.  In 2004, no such noncarrier 
subsidiary or industry segment grouping of noncarrier subsidiaries met the requirements for a reportable 
business segment set forth in Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 131. 

RAILWAY PROPERTY 

The NS railroad system extends across 22 states, the District of Columbia and portions of Canada.  The 
railroad infrastructure makes the company capital intensive with total property of approximately 
$21 billion. 

Capital Expenditures - Capital expenditures for road, equipment and other property for the past five 
years were as follows (including capitalized leases): 

2004 

2003 

2002 

2001 

2000 

Capital Expenditures 

($ in millions) 

Road 
Equipment 
Other property 
  Total 

$ 

$ 

607 $ 
429   
5   
1,041 $ 

495 $ 
218   
7   
720 $ 

519 $ 
174   
2   
695 $ 

505  $ 
233 
8 
746  $ 

557
146
28
731

Capital spending and maintenance programs are and have been designed to assure the ability to provide 
safe, efficient and reliable transportation services.  For 2005, NS has budgeted $938 million of capital 
spending.  See the discussion following “Cash used for investing activities,” in Part II, Item 7, 
“Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” 

K7  

 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
Equipment - As of Dec. 31, 2004, NS owned or leased the following units of equipment: 

   Owned* 

Number of Units 
  Leased** 

  Total 

Capacity 
of Equipment 

Locomotives: 
  Multiple purpose 
  Switching 
  Auxiliary units 
     Total locomotives 

Freight cars: 
  Hopper 
  Box 
  Covered hopper 
  Gondola 
  Flat 
  Caboose 
  Other 
     Total freight cars 

Other: 
  Work equipment 
  Vehicles 
  Highway trailers and 
    containers 
  RoadRailer® 
  Miscellaneous 
     Total other 

3,323  
207  
74  
3,604  

19,911  
18,712  
9,399  
30,300  
2,928  
251  
3,701  
85,202  

5,612  
4,761  

877  
6,498  
1,546  
19,294  

151  
--
--
151  

822  
2,175  
2,678  
8,010  
1,342  
--
--
15,027  

3  
--

9,987  
--
16,256  
26,246  

(Horsepower) 

11,902,650
303,700
--
12,206,350

3,474 
207 
74 
3,755 

(Tons) 

2,183,236
1,641,530
1,316,489
4,093,691
328,376
--
184,599
9,747,921

20,733 
20,887 
12,077 
38,310 
4,270 
251 
3,701 
100,229 

5,615 
4,761 

10,864 
6,498 
17,802 
45,540 

* Includes equipment leased to outside parties and equipment subject to equipment trusts, 
conditional sale agreements and capitalized leases. 
** Includes 18 locomotives and 6,813 freight cars leased from CRC. 

The following table indicates the number and year built for locomotives and freight cars owned at 
Dec. 31, 2004. 

2004  2003 

2002 

2001 

2000 

1993- 
1999 

1988- 
1992 

1987 & 
Before 

Year Built 

207 
6% 

100 
3% 

--*    
--% 

160     200   
4% 

6% 

920 
25% 

344 
10% 

1,673 
46% 

Total 

3,604 
100% 

-- 
--% 

-- 
--% 

--    
--% 

44    
--% 

112    
--% 

10,741 
13% 

6,310 
7% 

67,995 
80% 

85,202 
100% 

Locomotives: 
  No. of units 
  % of fleet 

Freight cars: 
  No. of units 
  % of fleet 

            *Fifty of the locomotives built in 2001 were purchased in 2002. 

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As of Dec. 31, 2004, the average age of the locomotive fleet was 16.8 years.  During 2004, 
50 locomotives, the average age of which was 22.9 years, were retired.  The average age of the 
freight car fleet at Dec. 31, 2004, was 27.6 years.  Between 1988 and 2000, about 29,000 coal cars 
were rebodied.  As a result, the remaining servicibility of the freight car fleet is greater than may be 
inferred from the high percentage of freight cars built in earlier years.  During 2004, 1,829 freight 
cars were retired. 

Freight cars: 
     NS Rail 
Locomotives: 
      NS Rail 

Annual Average Bad Order Ratio 

2004 

2003 

2002 

2001 

2000 

7.4% 

7.4% 

8.1% 

6.9% 

5.7% 

6.3% 

6.2% 

6.3% 

5.8% 

5.5% 

Ongoing freight car and locomotive maintenance programs are intended to ensure the highest standards of 
safety, reliability, customer satisfaction and equipment marketability.  The freight car bad order ratio rose 
in 2000, 2001 and 2002 as a result of decreased maintenance activity.  The decline in 2003 reflected an 
increase in maintenance activity as well as the retirement of unserviceable units.  The locomotive bad 
order ratio includes units out of service for required inspections every 92 days and program work such as 
overhauls.  The elevated ratio through 2004 reflected units out of service related to the resumption of 
maintenance and modification activities. 

Encumbrances - Certain railroad equipment is subject to the prior lien of equipment financing 
obligations amounting to approximately $930 million as of Dec. 31, 2004, and $910 million at 
Dec. 31, 2003. 

Track Maintenance - Of the approximately 38,200 total miles of track operated, NS had responsibility 
for maintaining about 31,000 miles of track with the remainder being operated under trackage rights.  
Over 75% of the main line trackage (including first, second, third and branch main tracks, all excluding 
trackage rights) has rail ranging from 131 to 155 pounds per yard with the standard installation currently 
at 141 pounds per yard.  Approximately 40% of NS lines carried 20 million or more gross tons per 
track mile. 

The following table summarizes several measurements regarding NS' track roadway additions and 
replacements during the past five years: 

2004 

2003

2002

2001 

2000

Track miles of rail installed 
Miles of track surfaced 
New crossties installed (millions) 

246 
5,055 
2.5 

233
5,105
2.8

235
5,270
2.8

254 
3,836 
1.5 

390
3,687
1.5

Microwave System - The NS microwave system, consisting of approximately 7,400 radio route miles, 
423 core stations, 14 secondary stations and 5 passive repeater stations, provides communications 
between most operating locations.  The microwave system is used primarily for voice communications, 
VHF radio control circuits, data and facsimile transmissions, traffic control operations and AEI data 
transmissions. 

Traffic Control - Of the approximately 16,400 route miles owned by NS, 11,052 miles are signalized, 
including 8,030 miles of centralized traffic control (CTC) and 3,022 miles of automatic block signals.  

K9  

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
Of the 8,030 miles of CTC, 2,565 miles are controlled by data radio originating at 197 base station 
radio sites. 

Computers - A computer network consisting of a centralized data center in Atlanta, Georgia, and various 
distributed computers throughout the company connects the yards, terminals, transportation offices, 
rolling stock repair points, sales offices and other key system locations.  Operating and traffic data are 
processed and stored to provide customers with information on their shipments throughout the system.  
Computer systems provide current information on the location of every train and each car on line, as well 
as related waybill and other train and car movement data.  In addition, the computer systems are utilized 
to assist management in the performance of a variety of functions and services including payroll, car and 
revenue accounting, billing, material management activities and controls, and special studies. 

ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS - Compliance with federal, state and local laws and regulations 
relating to the protection of the environment is a principal NS goal.  To date, such compliance has not 
affected materially NS' capital additions, earnings, liquidity or competitive position.  See the discussion of 
“Environmental Matters” in Part II, Item 7, “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations,” and in Note 18 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

EMPLOYEES - NS employed an average of 28,475 employees in 2004, compared with an average of 
28,753 employees in 2003.  The approximate average cost per employee during 2004 was $59,000 in 
wages and $28,000 in employee benefits. 

Approximately 85% of NS' railroad employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements with 
14 different labor unions.  See the discussion of “Labor Agreements” in Part II, Item 7, “Management's 
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” 

GOVERNMENT REGULATION - In addition to environmental, safety, securities and other 
regulations generally applicable to all businesses, NS' railroads are subject to regulation by the STB.  The 
STB has jurisdiction over some rates, routes, conditions of service and the extension or abandonment of 
rail lines.  The STB also has jurisdiction over the consolidation, merger or acquisition of control of and by 
rail common carriers.  The Department of Transportation regulates certain track and mechanical 
equipment standards. 

The relaxation of economic regulation of railroads, begun over two decades ago under the Staggers Rail 
Act of 1980, has continued.  Significant exemptions are TOFC/COFC (i.e., “piggyback”) business, rail 
boxcar traffic, lumber, manufactured steel, automobiles and certain bulk commodities such as sand, 
gravel, pulpwood and wood chips for paper manufacturing.  Transportation contracts on regulated 
shipments effectively remove those shipments from regulation as well.  About 75% of NS' freight 
revenues come from either exempt traffic or traffic moving under transportation contracts. 

Efforts may be made in 2005 to re-subject the rail industry to unwarranted federal economic regulation.  
The Staggers Rail Act of 1980, which substantially reduced such regulation, encouraged and enabled rail 
carriers to innovate and to compete for business, thereby contributing to the economic health of the nation 
and to the revitalization of the industry.  Accordingly, NS will oppose efforts to reimpose unwarranted 
economic regulation. 

COMPETITION - There is continuing strong competition among rail, water and highway carriers.  Price 
is usually only one factor of importance as shippers and receivers choose a transport mode and specific 
hauling company.  Inventory carrying costs, service reliability, ease of handling and the desire to avoid 
loss and damage during transit are also important considerations, especially for higher-valued finished 
goods, machinery and consumer products.  Even for raw materials, semifinished goods and work-in-

K10 

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
process, users are increasingly sensitive to transport arrangements that minimize problems at successive 
production stages. 

NS' primary rail competitor is the CSX system; both operate throughout much of the same territory.  
Other railroads also operate in parts of the territory.  NS also competes with motor carriers, water carriers 
and with shippers who have the additional option of handling their own goods in private carriage. 

Certain marketing strategies among railroads and between railroads and motor carriers enable carriers to 
compete more effectively in specific markets. 

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings. 

None. 

Item 4.  Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders. 

There were no matters submitted to a vote of security holders during the fourth quarter of 2004. 

K11 

 
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
Executive Officers of the Registrant. 

Norfolk Southern's executive officers generally are elected and designated annually by the Board of 
Directors at its first meeting held after the annual meeting of stockholders, and they hold office until their 
successors are elected.  Executive officers also may be elected and designated throughout the year as the 
Board of Directors considers appropriate.  There are no family relationships among the officers, nor any 
arrangement or understanding between any officer and any other person pursuant to which the officer was 
selected.  The following table sets forth certain information, as of February 1, 2005, relating to the 
executive officers. 

Name, Age, Present Position 

Business Experience During Past Five Years 

David R. Goode, 64, 
   Chairman and 
   Chief Executive Officer 

Charles W. Moorman, 52, 
   President 

L. I. Prillaman, 61, 
   Vice Chairman and 
   Chief Marketing Officer 

Stephen C. Tobias, 60, 
   Vice Chairman and 
   Chief Operating Officer 

Henry C. Wolf, 62, 
   Vice Chairman and 
   Chief Financial Officer 

James A. Hixon, 51, 
   Executive Vice President 
   Finance and Public Affairs 

Mark D. Manion, 52, 
  Executive Vice President 
  Operations 

Present position since October 1, 2004. 
  Served as Chairman, President and Chief Executive 
  Officer since 1992. 

Present position since October 1, 2004. 
  Served as Senior Vice President – Corporate Planning and 
  Services from December 1, 2003 to October 1, 2004;  
  Senior Vice President, Corporate Services from February 1, 
  2003 to December 1, 2003; also served as President 
  Thoroughbred Technology and Telecommunications, Inc.  
  since October 1999 and prior thereto was Vice President 
  Information Technology. 

Present position since August 1998. 

Present position since August 1998. 

Present position since August 1998. 

Present position since October 1, 2004. 
  Served as Senior Vice President Legal and Government Affairs  
  from December 1, 2003 to October 1, 2004; Senior Vice 
  Administration from February 2001 to December 1, 2003;  
  Senior Vice President Employee Relations from 
  November 1999 to February 2001 and prior thereto was 
  Vice President Taxation. 

Present position since October 1, 2004. 
  Served as Senior Vice President Transportation Operations 
  from December 1, 2003 to October 1, 2004; Vice President 
  Transportation Services and Mechanical from February 2001 
  to December 1, 2003 and prior thereto was Vice President 
  Mechanical. 

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Kathryn B. McQuade, 48, 
   Executive Vice President 
   Planning and Chief Information 
   Officer 

Present position since October 1, 2004. 
  Served as Senior Vice President Finance from December 1,   
  2003 to October 1, 2004; Senior Vice President Financial 
  Planning from April 2000 to December 1, 2003 and prior 
  thereto was Vice President Financial Planning. 

John P. Rathbone, 53, 
   Executive Vice President  
   Administration 

Donald W.  Seale, 52, 
   Executive Vice President 
   Sales and Marketing 

Present position since October 1, 2004. 
  Served as Senior Vice President Administration from  
  December 1, 2003 to October 1, 2004; Senior Vice President 
  and Controller from April 2000 to December 1, 2003 and prior  
  thereto was Vice President and Controller. 

Present position since October 1, 2004.  
  Served as Senior Vice President Marketing Services from 
  December 1, 2003 to October 1, 2004 and prior thereto was   
  Senior Vice President Merchandise Marketing. 

Henry D. Light, 64, 
   Senior Vice President Law 

Present position since January 2002. 
  Served as Vice President Law from April 2000 to January 2002, 
  and prior thereto was General Counsel Operations. 

Daniel D. Smith, 52,  
   Senior Vice President 
   Energy and Properties 

James A. Squires, 43, 
  Senior Vice President Law 

Present position since December 1, 2003. 
  Served as President NS Development from February 2001 to  
  December 1, 2003 and prior thereto was President 
  Pocahontas Land Corporation. 

Present position since October 1, 2004. 
  Served as Vice President Law from December 1, 2003 to 
  October 1, 2004; Senior General Counsel from February 2002 
  to December 1, 2003 and prior thereto was General Counsel. 

Marta R. Stewart, 47, 
   Vice President and Controller 

Present position since December 1, 2003. 
  Prior thereto was Assistant Vice President Corporate Accounting. 

K13 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
PART II 

Item 5.  Market for Registrant's Common Stock and Related Stockholder Matters. 

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
STOCK PRICE AND DIVIDEND INFORMATION 

The Common Stock of Norfolk Southern Corporation, owned by 51,032 stockholders of record as of 
Dec. 31, 2004, is traded on the New York Stock Exchange with the symbol NSC.  The following table 
shows the high and low sales prices as reported by Bloomberg L.P. on its internet-based service and 
dividends per share, by quarter, for 2004 and 2003. 

2004 

Market price 
   High 
   Low 
Dividends per share 

2003 

Market price 
   High 
   Low 
Dividends per share 

1st 

2nd 

Quarter 

3rd 

4th 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

24.06 $ 
20.38   
0.08 $ 

26.60 $ 
21.54   
0.08 $ 

29.79  $ 
24.77 

0.10  $ 

20.89 $ 
17.35   
0.07 $ 

22.39 $ 
18.31   
0.07 $ 

20.20  $ 
18.00 

0.08  $ 

36.69
29.88
0.10

24.62
18.32
0.08

ISSUER REPURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES 

(a) Total Number 
of Shares (or 
Units) Purchased

(b) Average 
Price Paid per 
Share (or Unit)

Period 

(c) Total Number 
of Shares (or 
Units) Purchased 
as Part of 
Publicly 
Announced Plans 
or Programs 

(d) Maximum Number (or 
Approximate Dollar 
Value) of Shares (or Units) 
that may yet be Purchased 
Under the Plans or 
Programs 

Oct. 1-31, 2004 

-- 

Nov. 1-30, 2004 

Dec. 1-31, 2004 

Total 

3,503(1) 

4,732(1) 

8,235   

-- 

$34.86 

$35.23 

$35.07 

-- 

-- 

-- 

-- 

-- 

-- 

(1) 

Shares tendered by employees in connection with the exercise of stock options under the 
Long-Term Incentive Plan. 

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Item 6.  Selected Financial Data.  

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
FIVE-YEAR FINANCIAL REVIEW 2000-2004 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 
Railway operating revenues 
Railway operating expenses 
   Income from railway 
     operations 

Other income – net 
Interest expense on debt 
   Income from continuing 
     operations before income 
     taxes and accounting changes 

Provision for income taxes 
   Income from continuing 
     operations before accounting 
     changes 

Discontinued operations3 
Cumulative effect of changes in  
   accounting principles, net of 
   taxes4 
        Net income 

PER SHARE DATA 
Income from continuing 
   operations before accounting 
   changes – basic 
                 – diluted 
Net income – basic 
                    – diluted 
Dividends 
Stockholders' equity at year end 

FINANCIAL POSITION 
Total assets 
Total long-term debt, including 
   current maturities5 
Stockholders' equity 

OTHER 
Capital expenditures 

Average number of shares 
   outstanding (thousands) 
Number of stockholders at year 
   end 
Average number of employees: 
   Rail 
   Nonrail 
      Total 

20041 

20032 
2001 
2002 
($ in millions, except per share amounts) 

20006 

$ 

7,312   $ 
5,610  

6,468  $ 
5,404 

6,270  $ 
5,112 

6,170  $ 
5,163 

6,159  
5,526  

1,702  

89  
489  

1,302  

379  

923  

--  

1,064 

19 
497 

586 

175 

411 

10 

1,158 

66 
518 

706 

246 

460 

-- 

1,007 

99 
553 

553 

191 

362 

13 

--  
923   $ 

114 
535  $ 

-- 
460  $ 

-- 
375  $ 

633  

168  
551 

250 

78 

172 

-- 

-- 
172 

2.34  $ 
2.31  $ 
2.34  $ 
2.31  $ 
0.36  $ 
19.95  $ 

1.05  $ 
1.05  $ 
1.37  $ 
1.37  $ 
0.30  $ 
17.83  $ 

1.18  $ 
1.18  $ 
1.18  $ 
1.18  $ 
0.26  $ 
16.71  $ 

0.94  $ 
0.94  $ 
0.97  $ 
0.97  $ 
0.24  $ 
15.78  $ 

0.45 
0.45 
0.45 
0.45 
0.80 
15.16 

24,750  $ 

20,596  $ 

19,956  $ 

19,418  $ 

18,976 

7,525  $ 
7,990  $ 

7,160  $ 
6,976  $ 

7,364  $ 
6,500  $ 

7,632  $ 
6,090  $ 

7,636 
5,824 

1,041  $ 

720  $ 

695  $ 

746  $ 

731 

394,201 

389,788 

388,213 

385,158 

383,358 

51,032 

28,057 
418 
28,475 

52,091 

51,418 

53,042 

53,194 

28,363 
390 
28,753 

28,587 
383 
28,970 

30,510 
384 
30,894 

33,344 
394 
33,738 

K15 

$ 

$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 
$ 

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

2004 other income – net includes a $53 million net gain from the Conrail Corporate Reorganization.  This gain 
increased net income by $53 million or 13 cents per diluted share. 

2003 operating expenses include a $107 million charge for a voluntary separation program.  Other income – 
net includes an $84 million charge to recognize the impaired value of certain telecommunications assets.  
These charges reduced net income by $119 million, or 30 cents per diluted share. 

In 1998, NS sold all the common stock of its motor carrier subsidiary, North American Van Lines, Inc.  
(NAVL).  Accordingly, NAVL's results of operations, financial position and cash flows are presented as 
“Discontinued operations.”  Results in 2001 include an additional after-tax gain of $13 million, or 3 cents per 
diluted share, that resulted from the expiration of certain indemnity obligations contained in the sales 
agreement.  Results in 2003 include an additional after-tax gain of $10 million, or 3 cents per diluted share, 
resulting from resolution of tax issues related to the transaction. 

Net income in 2003 reflects two accounting changes, the cumulative effect of which increased net income by 
$114 million, or 29 cents per diluted share:  a change in accounting for the cost to remove railroad crossties, 
which increased net income by $110 million, and a change in accounting related to a special-purpose entity 
that leases certain locomotives to NS, which increased net income by $4 million.  This entity’s assets and 
liabilities, principally the locomotives and debt related to their purchase, are now reflected in NS’ Consolidated 
Balance Sheet. 

Excludes notes payable to Conrail of $716 million in 2003, $513 million in 2002, $301 million in 2001, and 
$51 million in 2000. 

2000 operating expenses include $165 million in work force reduction costs for early retirement and separation 
programs.  These costs reduced net income by $101 million or 26 cents per diluted share. 

See accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto. 

K16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
Item 7.  Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations. 

Norfolk Southern Corporation and Subsidiaries 
Management's Discussion and Analysis of 
Financial Condition and Results of Operations 

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial 
Statements and Notes and the Selected Financial Data. 

OVERVIEW 

NS’ results in 2004 reflect substantial increases in traffic volumes as the U.S. economy recovered and 
demand for transportation grew.  The U.S. economy grew an estimated 4.4%, and the manufacturing 
sector expanded throughout the year.  The higher demand, coupled with the combination of trucking 
capacity constraints and the continuing fluidity of the NS network resulted in a substantial increase in 
volume and revenues.  Carloadings were up 603,000 units, or 9%, in 2004 driven by intermodal, 
metals and construction, and coal, which together accounted for 95% of this increase, and revenues 
increased $844 million, or 13%.  Improved performance and service levels allowed NS to meet increased 
demand and led to the ability to raise rates in response to market demand.  The fluidity and efficiency of 
NS’ system enabled it to handle the record levels of traffic volume and control expenses.  Operating 
expenses grew less than the 9% increase in carloadings, and the operating ratio, a measure of the amount 
of operating revenues consumed by operating expenses, improved to 76.7% in 2004. 

Looking ahead NS expects business levels to continue to grow in 2005 but at a more modest pace than 
seen in 2004. 

SUMMARIZED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

2004 Compared with 2003 

Net income was $923 million, or $2.31 per diluted share, in 2004, up $388 million, or 73%, compared 
with net income of $535 million, or $1.37 per diluted share, in 2003.  Results in 2003 included a 
$10 million, or 3 cents per share, gain from discontinued operations (see Note 17) and a $114 million, or 
29 cents per share, benefit related to the cumulative effect of changes in accounting principles (see 
Note 1).  Income from continuing operations before accounting changes was $923 million, or $2.31 per 
diluted share, in 2004, compared with $411 million, or $1.05 per diluted share, in 2003.  The increase in 
2004 was the result of higher income from railway operations and also included a $53 million net noncash 
gain from the Conrail Corporate Reorganization  reported in “Other income – net” (see Notes 2 and 3).  In 
addition, the comparisons were affected by the costs of a voluntary separation program (see Note 11) and 
the impairment of certain telecommunications assets (see Note 6), which combined to reduce income by 
$119 million, or 30 cents per diluted share, in 2003. 

2003 Compared with 2002 

Net income was $535 million, or $1.37 per diluted share, in 2003, up $75 million, or 16%.  Income from 
continuing operations before accounting changes was $411 million, or $1.05 per diluted share, down $49 
million, or 11%, compared with 2002, reflecting higher compensation and benefits costs, which included 
the costs of the voluntary separation program, and lower nonoperating income that reflected the 
impairment of the telecommunications assets. 

K17 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
DETAILED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

Railway Operating Revenues 

Railway operating revenues were $7.3 billion in 2004, $6.5 billion in 2003 and $6.3 billion in 2002.  The 
following table presents a three-year comparison of revenues, volume and average revenue per unit by 
market group. 

2004 

Revenues 
2003 
($ in millions) 

2002 

2004 

Units 
2003 

(in thousands) 

        Revenue per Unit 

2002 

   2004 

2003 
($ per unit) 

2002 

$  1,728  $  1,500  $

1,441 

1,691 

1,615 

1,610 

$ 

1,022  $ 

929  $

 895 

954 
864 
818 
727 
684 
4,047 

936 
772 
699 
688 
634 
3,729 

961 
755 
692 
637 
603 
3,648 

635 
448 
781 
569 
449 
2,882 

645 
426 
710 
556 
443 
2,780 

662 
423 
716 
518 
438 
2,757 

1,503 
1,927 
1,048 
1,278 
1,524 
1,404 

1,450 
1,815 
984 
1,238 
1,431 
1,341 

1,450 
1,783 
966 
1,231 
1,378 
1,323 

1,537 

1,239 

1,181 

2,891 

2,466 

2,354 

531 

502 

502 

$  7,312  $  6,468  $

6,270 

7,464 

6,861 

6,721 

$ 

980  $ 

943  $

933 

Coal 
General merchandise: 
  Automotive 
  Chemicals   
  Metals/construction 
  Agr./cons. prod./govt. 
  Paper/clay/forest 
General merchandise 

Intermodal 

    Total 

In 2004, revenues increased $844 million, or 13%, reflecting a $318 million, or 9%, rise in general 
merchandise revenues, a $298 million, or 24%, increase in intermodal revenues and a $228 million, or 
15%, improvement in coal revenues.  All general merchandise market groups except automotive posted 
volume increases over 2003.  As shown in the following table, the revenue improvement was the result of 
higher traffic volumes and increased average revenues.  The favorable revenue per unit/mix variance was 
driven by higher average revenue per unit that reflected higher rates and increased fuel surcharges, offset 
in part by the effects of a 17% increase in lower-priced intermodal traffic volume. 

Revenue Variance Analysis 
Increases (Decreases) 

Volume 
Revenue per unit/mix 
     Total 

2004 vs.  2003 

2003 vs.  2002 

($ in millions) 

$

$

569
275
844

$

$

131 
67 
198 

In 2003, revenues increased 3%, reflecting a 2% rise in general merchandise revenues, a 4% improvement 
in coal revenues, and a 5% increase in intermodal revenues.  All but automotive within the general 
merchandise market group posted revenue increases over 2002.  Most of the revenue improvement was 
the result of higher traffic volumes.  The favorable revenue per unit/mix variance was driven by higher 
average revenue per unit, offset in part by the effects of unfavorable changes in the mix of traffic, 
particularly a 5% increase in intermodal traffic volume. 

Beginning March 1, 2004, NS modified its fuel surcharge program for its merchandise and coal traffic.  
The fuel surcharge program in effect until that time applied a 2% fuel surcharge to line haul freight 
charges when the West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil price, as published in the Wall Street Journal, 
exceeded $28.00 per barrel for 30 consecutive business days.  For each $5.00 per barrel increase, an 

K18 

 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
additional 2% fuel surcharge applied.  The revised fuel surcharge is based on the monthly average price of 
WTI crude oil.  Line haul freight charges are adjusted by 0.4% for every dollar the average price exceeds 
$23 per barrel in the second calendar month prior to the month in which the fuel surcharge is applied.  
The modification in the fuel surcharge program causes the amount charged to more closely reflect fuel 
price fluctuations in today’s volatile market.  Higher average WTI crude oil prices resulted in an increase 
in fuel surcharges in 2004; however, this was offset by the effect of higher prices for diesel fuel 
(excluding hedge benefits). 

COAL revenues increased $228 million, or 15%, versus 2003.  Traffic volume (carloads) increased 5% 
primarily due to higher export, utility and metallurgical coal volumes, which offset declines in coke and 
iron ore.  Revenue per unit increased 10%, reflecting higher rates, fuel surcharges, a favorable change in 
the mix of traffic (the rate of increase in longer haul traffic exceeded that of short haul traffic) and 
improved loading productivity (increased tons per car).  Coal, coke and iron ore revenues represented 
24% of total railway operating revenues in 2004, and 83% of NS' coal shipments originated on lines it 
operates. 

NS is involved in rate cases with two of its utility customers, Duke Energy (Duke) and Carolina Power & 
Light (CP&L).  In 2002, Duke and CP&L filed rate reasonableness complaints at the STB alleging that 
NS’ tariff rates for the transportation of coal were unreasonable.  On Oct. 20, 2004, in a consolidated 
decision, the STB found NS’ rates to be reasonable in both cases.  At the STB’s invitation, Duke and 
CP&L each initiated proceedings to determine whether phasing constraints should apply.  As the STB has 
explained, the phasing constraint is an independent constraint relating not to the reasonableness of a rate, 
but to the reasonableness of collecting it immediately.  The Interstate Commerce Commission (the 
predecessor to the STB) had previously issued guidelines for phasing.  These guidelines indicate that 
phasing of a rate increase will only be required where the party seeking such relief demonstrates the need 
for it with specificity.  In balancing the equities of the particular phasing request, the STB will consider 
factors including the requirements of the railroads, the magnitude of the proposed increase, the magnitude 
of past increases, the dependence of the utility on coal, the economic conditions in the final destination 
market and the economic conditions in the coal supply area.   

The phasing constraint has never been invoked by a complainant utility in a rate case, and the STB has 
never applied it.  Therefore, it is unknown how the STB would balance the above factors, whether it 
would find the phasing constraint applicable, and if it did, whether phasing would be ordered retroactively 
or prospectively or both.  Additionally, Duke and CP&L have appealed the October 2004 STB decision 
on reconsideration to the D.C. Circuit Court of Appeals.  Although management has made an estimate of 
the ultimate resolution of these cases, due to these uncertainties, future developments in the Duke case 
and(or) the CP&L case may result in adjustments that could have a favorable or unfavorable material 
impact on results of operations in a particular quarter or year.  Over the long term, management believes 
the STB decisions in the Duke and CP&L proceedings will help support improved pricing for coal 
transportation services. 

Coal carloads were flat in 2003 while revenues increased 4% versus 2002.  Revenue per unit increased 
4%, reflecting favorable developments in 2003 of the coal rate reasonableness proceedings before the 
STB, as well as increases resulting from more longer haul business and loading productivity 
improvements that led to more tons per car.  Coal, coke and iron ore revenues represented 23% of total 
railway operating revenues in 2003, and 86% of NS’ coal shipments originated on lines it operates. 

K19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Coal, Coke and Iron Ore Carloads 

Utility 
Export 
Domestic metallurgical 
Industrial 
     Total 

2004 

2003 
(Cars in thousands) 

2002 

1,222.4
157.0
214.0
97.4
1,690.8

1,188.5
116.5
213.8
95.8
1,614.6

1,175.0 
108.8 
228.1 
97.7 
1,609.6 

Utility coal volume increased 3%, compared to 2003, as electricity production was up almost 2% in NS’ 
service region responding to higher demand driven by a rebounding U.S. economy.  Utilities increased 
burn to meet the heavier electricity demand and a new rail unloading facility began operating in April 
2004 at a northern utility.  Utility coal stockpiles were below target levels across NS’ service area due in 
part to the increased demand for coal-fired electric generation.  Increased demand for Eastern U.S. coal 
prompted some customers to ship coals from non-traditional coal fields in Wyoming and Colorado in 
addition to more imported coal.  In response, Appalachian coal production increased slightly in 2004 
following declines in 2003 and 2002. 

For 2003, utility coal volume increased 1%, compared to 2002, primarily due to a 6% gain in tonnage 
moving to the Northeast.  These gains were led by a full year’s operation of two projects completed in 
2002 that captured traffic from truck and barge.  In the first quarter of 2003, higher natural gas prices and 
colder temperatures caused coal-fired generating stations to run near capacity in the Northeast, reducing 
the high stockpiles that were carried forward from 2002.  However, the mild temperatures through the 
remainder of the year diminished seasonal demand for coal.  Volumes to utilities in the South decreased 
4% due to milder weather and extended power plant outages for the installation of environmental 
emission-control technology. 

The outlook for utility coal remains positive.  The continued growth in demand for electricity and lower-
than-targeted coal stockpiles at the utilities should support increased coal carloads in 2005.  Domestic 
western origin and imported coals are expected to continue to be an important source of additional coal 
supply to overcome the supply imbalance created by increased utility demand and the supply constraints 
of traditional coal sources.  Natural gas prices are expected to remain higher and more volatile than coal 
energy prices.  As always, demand will be influenced by the weather.  

A number of evolving environmental issues remain that have the potential to affect the utility coal market, 
depending upon their outcome.  These include a national energy policy, proposed multi-emissions 
legislation, mercury emissions standards, new source review and ongoing efforts at addressing climate 
change.  Certain utilities have chosen to add emissions control technologies to their electric generating 
units in advance of governmental requirements and are advancing their plans to more fully utilize their 
existing coal-fired power plants. 

Export coal volume increased 35% in 2004, compared to 2003, due to sustained strong global demand 
for high quality metallurgical coal and China’s continued growing consumption of coal for steel 
production and electricity generation.  The devaluation of the dollar resulted in lower U.S. coal prices 
relative to Australian and Canadian coal prices which made U.S. coals more economical in traditional 
European markets.  In addition, ocean vessel rates continued to favor U.S. coals.  Volume through 
Baltimore and Norfolk increased dramatically.  Baltimore was up approximately 24,000 carloads, or 

K20 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
159%, and Norfolk was up approximately 16,000 carloads, or 16%.  However, U.S. exports in 2004 were 
constrained by the tight coal supply from Eastern coal mines. 

Export coal volume increased 7% in 2003, compared to 2002.  Export coal through Norfolk, primarily 
metallurgical coal, increased by 24% in 2003, benefiting from a decline in exports from China.  Strong 
steel production in China shifted Chinese exports of metallurgical coal to its own domestic consumption.  
Also, ocean freight rates were at an all time high.  Spot vessel rates from Australia to Europe more than 
tripled, while transatlantic rates increased less dramatically.  The combination of the gap in ocean freight 
rates and the shorter sailing times gave the U.S. a competitive advantage in European markets.  Lastly, the 
decline in the value of the dollar against the Euro and Australian Dollar also increased demand for U.S. 
metallurgical coal abroad.  Coal exported through Baltimore, primarily steam coal, declined 41% due to 
strong domestic demand for utility coal. 

Export coal volume for 2005 is expected to continue to show improvement with strong international 
demand for metallurgical coal, in addition to a weaker dollar and higher shipping costs making U.S. coal 
more competitive. 

Domestic metallurgical coal, coke and iron ore volume was flat in 2004, when compared with 2003.  
Metallurgical coal volume was up 12%.  However, this was offset by declines in domestic coke and iron 
ore volumes, principally due to reduced production at an NS-served producer. 

Domestic metallurgical coal, coke and iron ore volumes decreased 6% in 2003, when compared to 2002, 
due to the temporary closing of a large mine that produced low-volatile coal, the continuing consolidation 
of the steel industry, and fewer blast furnaces operating than in the past. 

Demand for domestic metallurgical coal, coke and iron ore is expected to improve in 2005.  Blast 
furnaces are expected to run near capacity as domestic demand for metallurgical coal continues to grow.   

Other coal volumes increased 2% versus 2003, primarily due to new business and the recovery of the 
U.S. economy.  In 2003, steam coal shipped to manufacturing plants finished the year down 2% when 
compared to 2002. 

GENERAL MERCHANDISE traffic volume increased 4% in 2004 compared to 2003, and revenues 
increased 9%, principally due to improved volumes in all but the automotive business group, higher 
average revenues across all business groups and increased fuel surcharges.  In 2003, general merchandise 
traffic volume increased 1% compared to 2002, and revenues increased 2%, principally due to higher 
average revenues in most business groups and higher agriculture traffic volume. 

Automotive traffic volume decreased 2% in 2004 compared to 2003, primarily due to reduced 
automotive production at Ford and GM, partially offset by increased production at Toyota and Honda.  In 
contrast, revenues increased 2%, reflecting pricing improvements and fuel surcharge increases. 

In 2003, automotive traffic volume and revenues decreased 3% compared to 2002, principally due to 
reduced vehicle production. 

For 2005, automotive revenues are expected to increase, supported by a projected 2% rise in light vehicle 
production and volume from two plants that opened late in 2004. 

Chemicals traffic volume increased 5% and revenues increased 12% in 2004, compared with 2003, 
reflecting manufacturers’ increased demand across all chemical business groups.  Feedstocks and plastic 
shipments were up as inventories were restocked in anticipation of higher product prices related to 

K21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
increased natural gas costs and new propane and asphalt terminals in the Southeast added carloads.  
Revenue per unit reflected higher prices to meet market conditions and fuel surcharges. 

Chemicals traffic volume increased 1% and revenue increased 2% in 2003 compared to 2002.  Traffic 
volume benefited from higher shipments of industrial intermediates, petroleum and environmental 
products, and plastics.  Also contributing to 2003 growth, approximately 2,000 annual carloads of new 
traffic were diverted from the waterways and highways.  Revenue per unit reflected improved pricing to 
meet market conditions, as well as favorable changes in mix. 

Chemical volume is expected to grow in 2005, with several propane and plastic plant expansions planned 
and the continued strengthening of the economy.  However, volume could be adversely affected by the 
price of natural gas and crude oil, which accounts for more than 50% of the cost of most chemical 
products and presents a significant competitive challenge that could cause domestic chemical producers to 
move production overseas. 

Metals and construction traffic volume increased 10% and revenue increased 17% in 2004 compared 
with 2003.  The improvement was primarily due to increased production at NS-served integrated mills 
and mini-mills, the conversion of truck business to rail resulting from a shortage of flatbed trucks as well 
as higher scrap metal volumes resulting from expanded alliances with key scrap metal shippers and access 
to new scrap processors and steel mills.  Construction traffic volume benefited from increased residential, 
commercial and highway construction. 

In 2003, metals and construction traffic volume decreased 1%, but revenues increased 1% compared with 
2002.  The decline in volume resulted from reduced metals volume (mostly iron and steel), offset in part 
by higher construction traffic.  Revenue per unit improved 2%, reflecting favorable pricing and traffic 
mix changes. 

The outlook for 2005 remains strong for iron and steel markets with new import slab business and growth 
in plate, structural, bar/rod and steel rail for both integrated mills and mini-mills.  Construction traffic 
volume is expected to reflect continued strength in residential and commercial construction. 

Agriculture, consumer products and government traffic volume increased 2% and revenue increased 
6% in 2004 compared with 2003, driven by ethanol and fertilizer shipments.  Ethanol traffic increased 
59% primarily due to the opening of the Northeast market to ethanol as a gasoline additive.  Fertilizer was 
up 7% year-over-year, reflecting higher domestic shipments to industrial customers and increased exports 
of phosphates, principally to China.  Revenue per unit improved 3% as a result of changes in traffic mix 
such as increased ethanol traffic and more long haul feed shipments as well as higher prices.   

In 2003, agriculture, consumer products and government traffic volume increased 7% and revenues 
increased 8% compared with 2002.  Commodities contributing most to these increases were corn, 
fertilizer, military, sweeteners and wheat.  Only feed, food products and beverages showed a slight 
decrease.  Corn shipments increased 4% in 2003 and revenue was up 8%.  Due to the drought of 2002, 
which caused a depletion of inventories, there was a significant increase in demand for corn to Southeast 
feed mill customers and poultry producers in eastern Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Delaware, resulting in 
long haul rail movements from Midwest suppliers to these areas.  Higher fertilizer traffic resulted from 
the re-opening of a large phosphate fertilizer plant.  Shipments of military vehicles and military 
equipment increased 36% over 2002 levels due to the war in Iraq. 

Agriculture, consumer products and government volume is expected to be higher in 2005, benefiting from 
the record grain crop in 2004, expanding markets for ethanol and improving feed mill business. 

K22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Paper, clay and forest products traffic volume increased 1% and revenue increased 8% in 2004 
compared with 2003, reflecting yield improvements in all segments except newsprint, together with 
higher printing paper, newsprint, pulp board and kaolin shipments as U.S. paper production and demand 
for paper products strengthened in 2004.  Revenue per unit improved 6% principally as a result of price 
increases but also aided by increased fuel surcharges. 

In 2003, paper, clay and forest products traffic increased 1% and revenues increased 5% compared to 
2002, principally due to improved domestic demand for paper products.  Paper traffic benefited from 
increased domestic orders for consumer products packaging and from the advertising sector, as well as 
new business.  Newsprint shipments continued to remain soft, largely due to a prolonged decline in 
demand.  Woodchip volume increased significantly as NS-served paper mills experienced shortages and 
were forced to source wood fiber from more distant suppliers due to wet weather in the Southeast.  NS 
clay revenue was up compared to 2002 due to a strong increase in revenue per carload and a more 
positive mix as NS handled more long-haul domestic traffic.  Lumber business was soft in early 2003 
despite strong demand due in part to wet weather and several mill closures.  Lumber business was up in 
the fourth quarter as weather in the Southeast and commodity prices improved. 

In 2005, paper, clay and forest product revenues are expected to grow modestly with the addition of 
several new lumber distribution centers on NS lines. 

INTERMODAL volume increased 17% and revenue increased 24% in 2004 compared with 2003.  
Strong demand was driven by an expanding economy led by higher consumer spending, industrial 
production and international trade, in addition to constraints in truck and other railroads’ capacity.  
International steamship volume was up 15%, tied to the growth in U.S. trade volumes through east and 
west coast ports.  Truckload volume increased 28% as a result of new business with traditional truckload 
companies.  Premium business, which includes parcel and LTL carriers, grew 15% principally due to new 
parcel service between Chicago and New Jersey.  Triple Crown Services Company increased volume by 
8% through an expanded trailer fleet and growth in its geographic coverage.  Revenue per unit improved 
6%, reflecting value-based pricing and fuel surcharges.  

In 2003, intermodal volume increased 5% and revenues increased 5% compared to 2002.  Volume growth 
was driven by improved service performance that enabled the conversion of truck business to rail.  
Shipments for asset-based truckload carriers increased 14% as these trucking companies used intermodal 
to reduce their exposure to driver shortages and the need for larger fleets.  International volume, which 
represents 45% of intermodal’s volume, grew 9%, primarily a result of strong import trade and new 
business driven by enhanced service.  Triple Crown Services Company’s growth was limited to 1% in 
2003, hampered by a fleet at full capacity. 

In 2005, intermodal revenues are expected to grow with higher levels of truck to rail conversions as prices 
for motor carrier services continue to increase as a result of continuing driver and equipment shortages 
and high fuel prices.  NS expects to build new terminals in Ohio, Kentucky, Virginia and Pennsylvania in 
addition to expanding existing intermodal terminals.  Strong international trade is expected to create 
growth opportunities in NS’ international business segment and available capacity should help grow NS’ 
domestic and premium segments.  Future growth may, however, be tempered by operating improvements 
at other railroads, as well as constraints in the drayage market. 

Railway Operating Expenses 

Railway operating expenses increased 4% in 2004 compared to 2003 and 6% in 2003 compared to 2002.  
Expenses in 2003 included $107 million of costs related to a voluntary separation program to reduce the 
size of the work force, while there was no such program in either 2004 or 2002.  Accordingly, the absence 

K23 

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
of the voluntary separation program in 2004 and 2002 resulted in a 2% reduction in the 2004 to 2003 
year-over-year comparison and a 2% increase in the 2003 to 2002 year-over-year comparison.  Carloads 
rose 9% in 2004 compared to 2003 and 2% in 2003 compared to 2002. 

The railway operating ratio, which measures the percentage of railway operating revenues consumed by 
railway operating expenses, was 76.7% in 2004, compared with 83.5% in 2003 and 81.5% in 2002.  The 
voluntary separation costs added 1.6 percentage points to the 2003 ratio. 

The following table shows the changes in railway operating expenses summarized by major 
classifications. 

Operating Expense Variances 
Increases (Decreases) 

2004 vs.  2003 

2003 vs.  2002 

($ in millions) 

Compensation and benefits* 
Materials, services and rents 
Conrail rents and services 
Depreciation 
Diesel fuel 
Casualties and other claims 
Other 
     Total 

$

$

(3)
174 
(100)
85 
69 
(30)
11 
206 

$

$

253  
(30) 
7  
(2) 
38  
10  
16  
292  

* Includes $107 million of voluntary separation costs in 2003. 

Compensation and benefits represented 40% of total railway operating expenses and was flat in 2004 
compared to 2003, but increased 13% in 2003 compared to 2002.  Both comparisons reflect the $107 
million costs of the voluntary separation program in 2003.  Expenses in 2004 reflected higher volume-
related train and engine payroll expenses, up $39 million; higher wage rates, which added $37 million; 
increased stock-based compensation, up $24 million; and higher management and locomotive engineer 
performance-based incentive compensation, which was up $20 million.  These increases were offset by 
lower nonagreement workforce levels, saving $24 million, as well as the absence of the $107 million 
expense of the 2003 voluntary separation program. 

In the third quarter of 2005, NS will adopt Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 
(revised), which requires expensing of stock options.  See New Accounting Pronouncements (below) and 
Note 1. 

Almost half of the increase in 2003 was the result of the voluntary separation program.  The remainder 
was principally due to higher wage rates (including the BLE bonus in lieu of wage increases), which 
added $45 million, increased health and welfare benefits costs, which were up $44 million, and reduced 
pension income, down $34 million (see Note 11).  Approximately $25 million of the increase in health 
and welfare benefit costs was attributable to retirees, reflecting a higher estimated medical inflation rate.   

The Railroad Retirement and Survivors’ Improvement Act, which took effect Jan. 1, 2002, allows for 
investment of Tier II assets in a diversified portfolio through the National Railroad Retirement Investment 
Trust.  The law also provides a mechanism for automatic adjustment of Tier II payroll taxes should the 
trust assets fall below a four-year reserve or exceed a six-year reserve.  As a result, the employers’ portion 

K24 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
of Tier II retirement payroll taxes have been reduced from 14.2% in 2003 to 13.1% in 2004 and 12.6% in 
2005 and thereafter.   However, these savings are expected to continue to be substantially offset by higher 
payroll taxes on increased wages and a higher wage base. 

Materials, services and rents includes items used for the maintenance of railroad lines, structures and 
equipment; the costs of services purchased from outside contractors, including the net costs of operating 
joint (or leased) facilities with other railroads; and the net cost of equipment rentals.  This category of 
expenses increased 12% in 2004 compared to 2003 and decreased 2% in 2003 compared to 2002. 

The 2004 increase was the result of higher purchased services, up $100 million, including higher costs for 
volume-related intermodal services such as loading of containers and trailers and drayage.  In addition, 
locomotive and freight car maintenance expenses rose $23 million, and equipment rents increased $33 
million.  The 2003 decline reflected lower equipment rents, down $26 million, and reduced purchased 
services, down $20 million, including lower expenses for intermodal, automotive and bulk transfer 
services, and professional and legal fees. 

Equipment rents, which includes the cost to NS of using equipment (mostly freight cars) owned by other 
railroads or private owners, less the rent paid to NS for the use of its equipment, increased 9% in 2004 
and decreased 7% in 2003 compared to 2002.  The increase in 2004 was principally due to increased 
volume-related intermodal shipments and the absence of favorable settlements that benefited 2003.  
The decline in 2003 was principally the result of lower automotive traffic volume in addition to 
adjustments relating to periodic studies of equipment rents and favorable settlements of recent bills.  In 
addition, the change in accounting related to certain leased locomotives (see Note 1) also reduced 
equipment rents. 

Locomotive repair costs increased in 2004 and 2003, due to more maintenance activity related to the 
increase in business coupled with the age of the fleet.  Locomotive and freight car maintenance costs are 
expected to increase further in 2005. 

Conrail rents and services decreased 24% in 2004 compared to 2003 and increased 2% in 2003 
compared to 2002. This item includes amounts due to CRC for operation of the Shared Assets Areas (see 
Note 2).   Prior to the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, this category also included amounts due to PRR 
for use of its operating properties and equipment as well as NS’ equity in Conrail’s net earnings, and the 
additional amortization related to the difference between NS’ investment in Conrail and its underlying 
equity (see Note 2).  The decline was primarily driven by the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, which 
resulted in the consolidated reporting of individual components of Conrail equity earnings, principally 
depreciation, equipment rents and interest expense (see Note 2).  NS’ share of equity earnings post-
Conrail Corporate Reorganization is now shown within “Other income-net.”  The increase in 2003 
reflects lower Conrail earnings and higher expenses in the Shared Assets Areas. 

Depreciation expense increased 17% in 2004 compared to 2003 and decreased slightly in 2003 
compared to 2002.  The increase in 2004 was primarily a result of the Conrail Corporate Reorganization 
(see Note 2).  In addition, substantial levels of capital spending affected all years; however, depreciation 
expense in 2003 benefited from a change in accounting for the cost to remove crossties (see Note 1, 
“Properties,” for NS' depreciation policy). 

In 2004, NS received the results of a depreciation study from an independent firm of engineers.  The 
results of the study, which were implemented in September 2004, prospectively reduced depreciation 
expense by approximately $17 million annually. 

K25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Diesel fuel expenses increased 18% in 2004 compared with 2003 and 11% in 2003 compared to 2002.  
The increase in 2004 reflects a 13% increase in the average price per gallon (which includes hedge 
benefits) and a 6% increase in consumption.  The increase in 2003 reflects an 11% rise in the average 
price per gallon including hedge benefits and essentially flat consumption.  Expenses in 2004 included a 
benefit of $140 million compared with benefits of $59 million in 2003 and $10 million in 2002 from the 
diesel fuel hedging program (see “Market Risks and Hedging Activities,” below and Note 16).  NS has 
hedged approximately 36% of expected 2005 diesel fuel requirements as of December 31, 2004, at an 
average price of 83 cents per gallon.  No new hedges have been entered into since May 2004.  
Accordingly, if diesel fuel prices remain at their current levels, or increase further, diesel fuel expense 
will be higher going forward. 

Recently enacted legislation will repeal the 4.3 cents per gallon excise tax on railroad diesel fuel and 
inland waterway fuel by 2007, with the following phased reductions in 2005 and 2006: by 1 cent per 
gallon from Jan. 1, 2005 through June 30, 2005; 2 cents per gallon from July 1, 2005 through Dec. 31, 
2006; and by the full 4.3 cents thereafter.  NS consumes approximately 500 million gallons of diesel fuel 
per year. 

Casualties and other claims expenses (including the estimates of costs related to personal injury, 
property damage and environmental matters) decreased 17% in 2004 compared to 2003 and increased 6% 
in 2003 compared to 2002.  The decline reflected favorable personal injury and freight claims 
development and higher insurance settlements, partially offset by increased derailment expenses.  The 
higher expense in 2003 was due to adverse personal injury claims development and derailments expense 
as well as higher insurance costs. 

On Jan. 6, 2005, a derailment occurred in Graniteville, SC.  NS expects the first quarter of 2005 to reflect 
operating expenses related to this incident of between $30 million and $40 million (pretax).  The amount 
includes NS’ self-insured retention under its insurance policies, as well as other uninsured costs.  
Although potential losses may exceed self-insured retention amounts, NS expects at this time that 
insurance coverage is adequate to cover such potential claims or settlements.  This amount does not 
include any fines or penalties that could be imposed. 

The largest component of casualties and other claims expense is personal injury costs.  In 2004, cases 
involving occupational injuries comprised about one-third of total employee injury cases resolved and 
24% of the total payments made.  With its long-established commitment to safety, NS continues to work 
actively to eliminate all employee injuries and to reduce the associated costs.  With respect to 
occupational injuries, which are not caused by a specific accident or event, but result from a claimed 
exposure over time, the benefits of any existing safety initiatives may not be realized immediately.  These 
types of claims are being asserted by former or retired employees, some of which have not been actively 
employed in the rail industry for decades. 

The rail industry remains uniquely susceptible to litigation involving job-related accidental injury and 
occupational claims because of the Federal Employers' Liability Act (FELA), which is applicable only to 
railroads.  FELA’s fault-based system, which covers employee claims for job-related injuries, produces 
results that are unpredictable and inconsistent as compared with a no-fault workers' compensation system. 

NS maintains substantial amounts of commercial insurance for potential third-party liability and property 
damage claims.  It also retains reasonable levels of risk through self-insurance (see Note 18).  NS expects 
insurance costs to be higher in 2005. 

Other expenses increased 5% in 2004 compared to 2003 and 8% in 2003 compared to 2002.  The 
increase in 2004 reflected higher property and sales and use taxes.  The increase in 2003 was primarily 

K26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
attributable to higher state franchise and sales and use taxes, the absence of a favorable bad debt 
settlement that benefited 2002 and higher union employee travel expenses. 

Other income – net was $89 million in 2004, $19 million in 2003 and $66 million in 2002 (see Note 3).  
The increase in 2004 reflected the absence of the $84 million telecommunications assets impairment 
charge that burdened 2003 (see Note 6) and the gain in 2004 recognized on the Conrail Corporate 
Reorganization (see Note 2) that combined to more than offset losses generated by an investment in a 
limited liability company that owns and operates facilities that produce synthetic fuel from coal (see the 
discussion of tax credit investments below).  The decline in 2003 was primarily due to the $84 million 
charge that offset increased gains from the sale of properties, higher corporate-owned life insurance 
returns and lower interest accruals related to tax liabilities.  

In June 2004, NS purchased a membership interest in a limited liability company that owns and operates 
facilities that produce synthetic fuel from coal.  The production of synthetic fuel results in expenses 
related to the investments as well as tax credits.  The expenses are recorded as a component of “Other 
income – net,” and the tax credits, as well as tax benefits related to the expenses, are reflected in the 
provision for income taxes.  The synthetic fuel tax credits are subject to reduction if the average price of 
oil for a year exceeds a certain amount under the tax laws.  Given current market conditions, it is possible 
that these tax credits could be reduced in 2005.  Such a reduction in tax credits would be accompanied by 
a reduction in the expense related to the investment, although the net effect would be to reduce the 
projected return on the investment. 

Income Taxes 

Income tax expense in 2004 was $379 million for an effective rate of 29%, compared with effective rates 
of 30% in 2003 and 35% in 2002.  Excluding NS’ equity in Conrail's after-tax earnings and the gain on 
the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, the effective rate was 31% in 2004, 33% in 2003 and 38% in 2002. 

In 2004, the effective rate was reduced by tax credits from synthetic fuel related investments and the 
favorable resolution of an IRS audit of a synthetic fuel related investment (see Note 4).  In 2003, the 
effective rate was reduced by the favorable resolution of prior years’ tax audits.  The effective rates in all 
three years benefited from favorable adjustments upon filing the prior year tax returns and favorable 
adjustments to state tax liabilities. 

For the last four years, 30% and 50% bonus depreciation has been allowed for federal income tax 
purposes.  After 2004, bonus depreciation will not be available.  In addition, the Conrail Corporate 
Reorganization resulted in NS receiving assets with less future tax depreciation than book depreciation.  
As a result, current taxes have been lower in prior years than might be expected in future years. 

NS has interests in synthetic fuel related investments that result in tax credits.  These synthetic fuel tax 
credits expire at the end of 2007.  In addition, synthetic fuel tax credits are subject to reduction if the 
average price of oil for a year exceeds a certain amount under the tax laws.  Given current market 
conditions, it is possible that these tax credits could be reduced in 2005. 

Discontinued Operations 

In 2003, income from discontinued operations consisted of a $10 million after-tax gain related to the 
resolution of tax issues arising from the sale of NS' motor carrier subsidiary. 

K27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
FINANCIAL CONDITION, LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES 

Cash provided by operating activities, NS' principal source of liquidity, was $1,661 million in 2004, 
compared with $1,054 million in 2003 and $803 million in 2002.  The improvement in 2004 was 
primarily due to increased railway operating income.  In 2003, the increase reflected a smaller change in 
the amount of accounts receivables sold; declines in receivables sold amounted to $30 million in 2003 and 
$270 million in 2002 (see Note 5). 

Prior to the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, a significant portion of payments made to PRR (which 
were included in “Conrail Rents and Services” and, therefore, were a use of cash in “Cash provided by 
operating activities”) was borrowed back from a PRR subsidiary under a note due in 2032, and, therefore, 
was a source of cash in “Proceeds from borrowings.”  Amounts outstanding under this note comprised the 
long-term balance of “Due to Conrail”, and this note was effectively extinguished by the Conrail 
Corporate Reorganization.  Subsequent to the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, payments under 
“Conrail rents and services” have declined, depreciation charges have increased, and the net borrowings 
have been terminated.  Accordingly, NS’ cash provided by operating activities after the Conrail Corporate 
Reorganization has increased.  NS' net cash flow from these borrowings amounted to $118 million in 
2004, $203 million in 2003 and $212 million in 2002. 

NS' working capital deficit was $234 million at Dec. 31, 2004, compared with $376 million at Dec. 31, 
2003.  The improvement was principally due to an increase in cash flow from operations.  

NS expects that cash on hand combined with cash flow from operations will be sufficient to meet its 
ongoing obligations including the higher level of debt maturing in 2005.  This expectation is based on a 
view that the economy will continue at a moderate growth rate through 2005. 

Contractual obligations at Dec. 31, 2004, related to NS' long-term debt (including capital leases) (see 
Note 8), operating leases (see Note 9), agreements with CRC (see Note 2), unconditional purchase 
obligations (see Note 18) and other long-term obligations (see Note 18), are as follows: 

Total 

Payments Due By Period 
2006- 
2007 
($ in millions) 

2008- 
2009 

2005 

2010 and 
Subsequent 

Long-term debt and 
   capital leases 
Operating leases 
Agreements with CRC 
Unconditional purchase 
   Obligations 
Other long-term obligations 
      Total 

$ 

$ 

7,525 $
1,025
686

121
26
9,383 $

662 $
154
33

121
11
981 $

809 $
227
68

--
15
1,119 $

851  $ 
160 
68 

-- 
-- 
1,079  $ 

5,203
484
517

--
--
6,204

Off balance sheet arrangements consist of an accounts receivable sale program (see Note 5).  While 
there were some sales during 2004, there were no accounts receivable sold under this arrangement as of 
Dec. 31, 2004.  NS does not expect to sell any accounts receivable in 2005. 

Cash used for investing activities increased 77% in 2004 and decreased 5% in 2003.  Property additions, 
which account for most of the recurring spending in this category, were up 45% in 2004 and up 4% in 
2003.  In addition, investing activities reflect NS’ new investment in a membership interest in a limited 

K28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
liability company that owns and operates facilities that produce synthetic fuel from coal.  The following 
tables show capital spending (including capital leases) and track and equipment statistics for the past five 
years. 

Capital Expenditures 

2004 

2003 

2002 
($ in millions) 

2001 

2000 

Road 
Equipment 
Other property 
      Total 

$ 

$ 

607  $
429 
5 
1,041  $

495 $
218
7
720 $

519 $
174
2
695 $

505  $ 
233 
8 
746  $ 

557
146
28
731

Higher capital expenditures in 2004 were primarily due to increased locomotive purchases and investment 
in roadway projects in addition to Triple Crown Services Company equipment and freight cars.  The 
increase in 2003 reflects higher locomotive purchases offset, in part, by lower spending on signal and 
electrical projects and computers. 

NS and six other railroads (five Class I railroads and a commuter railroad) have agreed to participate in 
the Chicago Region Environmental and Transportation Efficiency (CREATE) project in Chicago.  The 
intent of the proposed public-private partnership is to reduce rail and highway congestion and add freight 
and passenger capacity in the metropolitan Chicago area.  The project is estimated to cost $1.5 billion 
with city, state and federal support.  The railroads’ financial contribution to the project is contingent upon 
a binding commitment that establishes the availability, on terms and conditions satisfactory to the 
railroads, of all required public funding and of third-party properties necessary to complete the entire 
project.  If public funding is secured, the railroads will contribute a total of $232 million towards the 
project with NS’ share slated to be $34 million over an estimated six-year period. 

Track Structure Statistics (Capital and Maintenance) 

2004 

2003 

2002 

2001 

2000 

Track miles of rail installed 
Miles of track surfaced 
New crossties installed (millions) 

246  
5,055  
2.5  

233
5,105
2.8

235  
5,270  
2.8  

254 
3,836 
1.5 

390
   3,687
1.5

Average Age of Owned Railway Equipment 

Freight cars 
Locomotives 
Retired locomotives 

2004 

2003 

2002 
(years) 

2001 

2000 

  27.6 
  16.8 
  22.9 

  26.6 
  15.3 
  28.7 

  25.9 
  16.1 
  28.2 

  25.4 
  15.7 
  22.4 

   24.6 
   16.1 
   24.5 

Through its coal car rebody program, which was suspended in 2000, NS converted about 29,000 hopper 
cars into high-capacity steel gondolas or hoppers.  As a result, the remaining service life of the freight-car 
fleet is greater than may be inferred from the increasing average age shown in the table above. 

K29 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
For 2005, NS has budgeted $938 million for capital expenditures.  The anticipated spending includes 
$671 million for roadway projects, of which $438 million is for track and bridge program work.  Also 
included are projects for communications, signal and electrical systems, as well as projects for 
environmental and public improvements such as grade crossing separations and signal upgrades.  Other 
roadway projects include marketing and industrial development initiatives, including increasing track 
capacity and access to coal receivers and vehicle production and distribution facilities, and continuing 
investments in intermodal infrastructure.  Equipment spending of $225 million includes the purchase of 
52 locomotives and upgrades to existing units, improvements to multilevel automobile racks, and projects 
related to computers and information technology, including additional security and backup systems. 

Cash used for financing activities was $233 million in 2004, $314 million in 2003 and $150 million in 
2002.  The change in 2004 reflected more proceeds from common stock issued in connection with 
employee option exercises as well as the elimination of PRR borrowings that resulted from the Conrail 
Corporate Reorganization.  The increase in 2003 primarily resulted from a higher net reduction in debt 
and the $43 million redemption in 2003 of all publicly held shares of Norfolk Southern Railway’s 
preferred stock.  Prior to the Conrail Corporate Reorganization financing activities included loan 
transactions with a subsidiary of PRR that were net borrowings of $118 million in 2004, $203 million in 
2003 and $212 million in 2002 (see Note 2).  Debt was reduced $371 million in 2004, compared with a 
decrease of $370 million in 2003 and $303 million in 2002.  NS’ debt-to-total capitalization ratio at year 
end was 48.5% in 2004 and 50.7% (excluding notes payable to the PRR subsidiary) in 2003. 

NS currently has in place and available a $1 billion, five-year credit agreement, which provides for 
borrowings at prevailing rates and includes financial covenants.  Additionally, NS has the ability to issue 
up to $1 billion of registered debt or equity securities under its shelf registration statement on Form S-3, 
which was filed in September 2004 (see Note 8). 

APPLICATION OF CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES 

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles 
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and 
liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the 
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  These estimates and assumptions 
may require significant judgment about matters that are inherently uncertain, and future events are likely 
to occur that may require management to change them.  Accordingly, management regularly reviews 
these estimates and assumptions based on historical experience, changes in the business environment and 
other factors that management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances.  Management discusses 
the development, selection and disclosures concerning critical accounting estimates with the Audit 
Committee of its Board of Directors. 

Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits 

Accounting for pensions and other postretirement benefit plans requires management to make several 
estimates and assumptions (see Note 11).  These include the expected rate of return from investment of 
the plans' assets, projected increases in medical costs and the expected retirement age of employees as 
well as their projected earnings and mortality.  In addition, the amounts recorded are affected by changes 
in the interest rate environment because the associated liabilities are discounted to their present value.  
Management makes these estimates based on the company's historical experience and other information 
that it deems pertinent under the circumstances (for example, expectations of future stock market 

K30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
performance).  Management engages an independent consulting actuarial firm to aid it in selecting 
appropriate assumptions and valuing its related liabilities. 

NS' net pension benefit, which is included in “Compensation and benefits” on its Consolidated Income 
Statement, was $36 million for the year ended Dec. 31, 2004.  In recording this amount, NS assumed a 
long-term investment rate of return of 9%.  Investment experience of the pension fund over the past 10-, 
15- and 20-year periods has been in excess of 10%.  A one percentage point change to this rate of return 
assumption would result in a $18 million change to the pension credit and, as a result, an equal change in 
“Compensation and benefits” expense.  Changes that are reasonably likely to occur in assumptions 
concerning retirement age, projected earnings and mortality would not be expected to have a material 
effect on NS' net pension benefit or net pension asset in the future.  The net pension asset is recorded at its 
net present value using a discount rate that is based on the current interest rate environment; therefore, 
management has little discretion in this assumption. 

NS' net cost for other postretirement benefits, which is also included in “Compensation and benefits,” was 
$49 million for the year ended Dec. 31, 2004.  In recording this expense and valuing the net liability for 
other postretirement benefits, which is included in “Other benefits” as disclosed in Note 11, management 
estimated future increases in health-care costs.  These assumptions, along with the effect of a one 
percentage point change in them, are described in Note 11. 

Properties and Depreciation 

Most of NS' total assets are comprised of long-lived railway properties (see Note 6).  As disclosed in 
Note 1, NS' properties are depreciated using group depreciation.  Rail is depreciated primarily on the 
basis of use measured by gross-ton miles.  Other properties are depreciated generally using the straight-
line method over the lesser of estimated service or lease lives.  NS reviews the carrying amount of 
properties whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that such carrying amount may not be 
recoverable based on future undiscounted cash flows.  Assets that are deemed impaired as a result of such 
review are recorded at the lesser of carrying amount or fair value. 

NS' depreciation expense is based on management's assumptions concerning service lives of its properties 
as well as the expected net salvage that will be received upon their retirement.  These assumptions are the 
product of periodic depreciation studies that are performed by a firm of consulting engineers.  These 
studies analyze NS' historical patterns of asset use and retirement and take into account any expected 
change in operation or maintenance practices.  NS' recent experience with these studies has been that 
while they do result in changes in the rates used to depreciate its properties, these changes have not 
caused a significant effect to its annual depreciation expense.  The studies may also indicate that the 
recorded amount of accumulated depreciation is deficient (or in excess) of the amount indicated by the 
study.  Any such deficiency (or excess) is amortized as a component of depreciation expense over the 
remaining service lives of the affected class of property.  NS' “Depreciation expense” for the year ended 
Dec. 31, 2004, amounted to $598 million.  NS' weighted-average depreciation rates for 2004 are disclosed 
in Note 6; a one-tenth percentage point increase (or decrease) in these rates would have resulted in a $27 
million increase (or decrease) to NS' depreciation expense. 

Personal Injury, Environmental and Legal Liabilities 

NS' expense for “Casualties and other claims” amounted to $151 million for the year ended Dec. 31, 
2004.  Most of this expense was composed of NS' accrual related to personal injury liabilities (see 
discussion of FELA in the discussion captioned “Casualties and other claims” above).  Job-related 
personal injury and occupational claims are subject to FELA, which is applicable only to railroads.  
FELA’s fault-based tort system produces results that are unpredictable and inconsistent as compared with 

K31 

 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
a no-fault worker’s compensation system.  The variability inherent in this system could result in actual 
costs being very different from the liability recorded.  In all cases, NS records a liability when the 
expected loss for the claim is both probable and estimable. 

NS engages an independent consulting actuarial firm to aid in valuing its personal injury liability and 
determining the amount to accrue during the year.  For employee personal injury cases, the actuarial firm 
studies NS' historical patterns of reserving for claims and subsequent settlements, taking into account 
relevant outside influences.  An estimate of the ultimate amount of the liability, which includes amounts 
for incurred but unasserted claims, is based on the results of this analysis.  For occupational injury claims, 
the actuarial firm studies NS’ history of claim filings, severity, payments and other relevant facts.  
Additionally, the estimate of the ultimate loss for occupational injuries includes a provision for those 
claims that have been incurred but not reported by projecting NS’ experience into the future as far as can 
be reasonably determined.  NS has recorded this actuarially determined liability.  The liability is 
dependent upon many individual judgments made as to the specific case reserves as well as the judgments 
of the consulting actuary and management in the periodic studies.  Accordingly, there could be significant 
changes in the liability, which NS would recognize when such a change became known.  The most recent 
actuarial study was performed as of Sept. 30, 2004, and resulted in a slight decrease to NS' personal injury 
liability during the fourth quarter.  While the liability recorded is supported by the most recent study, it is 
reasonably possible that the liability could be higher or lower. 

NS is subject to various jurisdictions' environmental laws and regulations.  It is NS' policy to record a 
liability where such liability or loss is probable and its amount can be estimated reasonably (see Note 18).  
Environmental engineers regularly participate in ongoing evaluations of all known sites and in 
determining any necessary adjustments to liability estimates.  NS also has established an Environmental 
Policy Council, composed of senior managers, to oversee and interpret its environmental policy. 

Operating expenses for environmental matters totaled approximately $11 million in 2004, $9 million in 
2003 and $15 million in 2002, and capital expenditures totaled approximately $9 million in 2004 
and in 2003, and $10 million in 2002.  Capital expenditures in 2005 are expected to be comparable to 
those in 2004. 

NS' balance sheets included liabilities for environmental exposures in the amount of $64 million at 
Dec. 31, 2004, and $25 million at Dec. 31, 2003 (of which $12 million was accounted for as a current 
liability at Dec. 31, 2004, and $8 million at Dec. 31, 2003).  The increase in the liability was the result of 
the Conrail Corporate Reorganization and relates to sites on the former PRR properties.  At Dec. 31, 
2004, the liability represented NS' estimate of the probable cleanup and remediation costs based on 
available information at 210 identified locations.  On that date, 15 sites accounted for $32 million of the 
liability, and no individual site was considered to be material.  NS anticipates that much of this liability 
will be paid out over five years; however, some costs will be paid out over a longer period. 

At some of the 210 locations, certain NS subsidiaries, usually in conjunction with a number of other 
parties, have been identified as potentially responsible parties by the Environmental Protection Agency 
(EPA) or similar state authorities under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and 
Liability Act of 1980, or comparable state statutes, which often impose joint and several liability for 
cleanup costs. 

With respect to known environmental sites (whether identified by NS or by the EPA or comparable state 
authorities), estimates of NS' ultimate potential financial exposure for a given site or in the aggregate for 
all such sites are necessarily imprecise because of the widely varying costs of currently available cleanup 
techniques, the likely development of new cleanup technologies, the difficulty of determining in advance 
the nature and full extent of contamination and each potential participant's share of any estimated loss 

K32 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
(and that participant's ability to bear it), and evolving statutory and regulatory standards governing 
liability.  NS estimates its environmental remediation liability on a site-by-site basis, using assumptions 
and judgments that management deems appropriate for each site.  As a result, it is not practical to 
quantitatively describe the effects of changes in these many assumptions and judgments.  NS has 
consistently applied its methodology of estimating its environmental liabilities. 

The risk of incurring environmental liability is inherent in the railroad business.  Some of the 
commodities in NS' traffic mix, particularly those classified as hazardous materials, can pose special risks 
that NS and its subsidiaries work diligently to minimize.  In addition, several NS subsidiaries own, or 
have owned, land used as operating property, or which is leased and operated by others, or held for sale.  
Because environmental problems may exist on these properties that are latent or undisclosed, there can be 
no assurance that NS will not incur environmentally related liabilities or costs with respect to one or more 
of them, the amount and materiality of which cannot be estimated reliably at this time.  Moreover, 
lawsuits and claims involving these and potentially other unidentified environmental sites and matters are 
likely to arise from time to time.  The resulting liabilities could have a significant effect on financial 
condition, results of operations or liquidity in a particular year or quarter. 

However, based on its assessment of the facts and circumstances now known, management believes 
that it has recorded the probable costs for dealing with those environmental matters of which the 
Corporation is aware.  Further, management believes that it is unlikely that any known matters, either 
individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on NS' financial position, results of 
operations or liquidity. 

Norfolk Southern and certain subsidiaries are defendants in numerous lawsuits and other claims relating 
principally to railroad operations.  When management concludes that it is probable that a liability has 
been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated, it is accrued through a charge 
to expenses.  While the ultimate amount of liability incurred in any of these lawsuits and claims is 
dependent on future developments, in management's opinion the recorded liability, if any, is adequate to 
cover the future payment of such liability and claims.  However, the final outcome of any of these 
lawsuits and claims cannot be predicted with certainty, and unfavorable or unexpected outcomes could 
result in additional accruals that could be significant to results of operations in a particular year or quarter.  
Any adjustments to recorded liabilities will be reflected in expenses in the periods in which such 
adjustments are known. 

Income Taxes 

NS' net long-term deferred tax liability totaled $6,550 million at Dec. 31, 2004 (see Note 4).  This liability 
is estimated based on the expected future tax consequences of items recognized in the financial 
statements.  After application of the federal statutory tax rate to book income, judgment is required with 
respect to the timing and deductibility of expenses in the corporate income tax returns.  For state income 
and other taxes, judgment is also required with respect to the apportionment among the various 
jurisdictions.  A valuation allowance is recorded if management expects that it is more likely than not that 
its deferred tax assets will not be realized.  NS has a $21 million valuation allowance on $668 million of 
deferred tax assets as of Dec. 31, 2004, reflecting the expectation that most of these assets will be 
realized.  In addition, NS has a recorded liability for its estimate of potential income tax exposures.  
Management believes this liability for potential exposure to be adequate.  Income tax expense is adjusted 
to the extent the final outcome of these matters differs from the amounts recorded.  For every one half 
percent change in the 2004 effective rate net income would have changed by $7 million. 

K33 

 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
OTHER MATTERS 

Labor Agreements 

Approximately 24,000 of NS' railroad employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements with 
various labor unions.  These agreements remain in effect until changed pursuant to the Railway Labor 
Act.  NS largely bargains in concert with other major railroads. Moratorium provisions in the labor 
agreements govern when the railroads and the unions may propose labor agreement changes.  Such 
proposals were made in late 1999 and, since that time, NS has reached agreements with most of the major 
rail labor organizations to settle that round of bargaining.  These agreements cover approximately 93% of 
NS contract employees.  Tentative agreements subject to ratification have also been reached with the 
National Conference of Firemen and Oilers and the Sheet Metal Workers International Association.  A 
1999 bargaining round agreement has not yet been reached with the International Association of 
Machinists.  On or after November 1, 2004, the railroads and the rail labor unions served new proposals 
to begin the next bargaining round.  The outcome of the negotiations cannot be determined at this point.  

Market Risks and Hedging Activities 

NS uses derivative financial instruments to reduce the risk of volatility in its diesel fuel costs and to 
manage its overall exposure to fluctuations in interest rates. 

In 2001, NS began a program to hedge a portion of its diesel fuel consumption.  The intent of the program 
is to assist in the management of NS' aggregate risk exposure to fuel price fluctuations, which can 
significantly affect NS' operating margins and profitability, through the use of one or more types of 
derivative instruments. 

Diesel fuel costs represented 8% of NS' operating expenses for 2004.  The program provides that NS will 
not enter into any fuel hedges with a duration of more than 36 months, and that no more than 80% of NS' 
average monthly fuel consumption will be hedged for any month within any 36-month period. 

As of Dec. 31, 2004, through swap transactions, NS has hedged approximately 36% of expected 2005 
diesel fuel requirements.  The effect of these hedges is to yield an average cost of 83 cents per hedged 
gallon, including federal taxes and transportation.  A 10% decrease in diesel fuel prices would reduce NS' 
asset related to the swaps by approximately $24 million as of Dec. 31, 2004. 

However, with fuel prices near historic highs and fuel surcharges being collected under certain tariffs and 
contracts, NS has not entered into additional hedges since May 2004.  Consequently, the past pattern of 
entering into regular monthly swaps may not be indicative of future hedging activity.  If diesel fuel prices 
remain at their current levels, or increase further, diesel fuel expense will be higher going forward. 

NS manages its overall exposure to fluctuations in interest rates by issuing both fixed- and floating-rate 
debt instruments and by entering into interest-rate hedging transactions to achieve an appropriate mix 
within its debt portfolio. 

At Dec. 31, 2004, NS' debt subject to interest rate fluctuations totaled $576 million.  A 1% increase in 
interest rates would increase NS' total annual interest expense related to all its variable debt by 
approximately $6 million.  Management considers it unlikely that interest rate fluctuations applicable 
to these instruments will result in a material adverse effect on NS' financial position, results of operations 
or liquidity. 

K34 

 
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
Some of NS' capital leases, which carry an average fixed rate of 7%, were effectively converted to 
variable rate obligations using interest rate swap agreements.  On Dec. 31, 2004, the average pay rate 
under these agreements was 3%, and the average receive rate was 7%.  During 2004, the effect of the 
swaps was to reduce interest expense by $6 million.  A portion of the lease obligations is payable in 
Japanese yen.  NS eliminated the associated exchange rate risk at the inception of each lease with a yen 
deposit sufficient to fund the yen-denominated obligation.  Most of these deposits are held by foreign 
banks, primarily Japanese.  As a result, NS is exposed to financial market risk relative to Japan.  
Counterparties to the interest rate swaps and Japanese banks holding yen deposits are major financial 
institutions believed by management to be creditworthy. 

New Accounting Pronouncements 

In December 2004, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of Financial Accounting 
Standards No. 123 (revised), Share-Based Payment.  This statement, effective for interim or annual 
reporting periods beginning after June 15, 2005, establishes standards for accounting for transactions in 
which an entity exchanges its equity instruments for goods or services, such as stock-based compensation 
plans.  The statement applies to all awards granted after the effective date and to awards modified, 
repurchased, or cancelled after that date.  As the amount of expense to be recognized in future periods 
will depend on the levels of future grants, the effect of adoption of this statement cannot be predicted with 
certainty.  However, had NS adopted this statement in prior periods, the effect of adoption on net income 
and earnings per share would have approximated the amounts shown in the pro forma information 
included in Note 1. 

Proposed Legislation and Regulations on Safety and Transportation of Hazardous Materials 

Legislation introduced in Congress in early 2005 would give federal regulators increased authority to 
conduct investigations and levy substantial fines and penalties in connection with railroad accidents.  
Federal regulators would also be required to prescribe new regulations governing railroads' transportation 
of hazardous materials.  If enacted, such legislation and regulations could impose significant additional 
costs on railroads including NS.  In addition, certain local governments have sought to enact ordinances 
banning, or requiring disclosures with respect to, hazardous materials moving by rail within their borders.  
If promulgated and upheld, such ordinances could require the re-routing of hazardous materials 
shipments, with the potential for significant additional costs and network inefficiencies.  Accordingly, NS 
will oppose efforts to impose unwarranted regulation in this area. 

Inflation 

In preparing financial statements, U.S. generally accepted accounting principles require the use of 
historical cost that disregards the effects of inflation on the replacement cost of property.  NS, a capital-
intensive company, has most of its capital invested in such assets.  The replacement cost of these assets, 
as well as the related depreciation expense, would be substantially greater than the amounts reported on 
the basis of historical cost. 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 

This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains 
forward-looking statements that may be identified by the use of words like “believe,” “expect,” 
“anticipate” and “project.” Forward-looking statements reflect management's good-faith evaluation of 
information currently available.  However, such statements are dependent on and, therefore, can be 
influenced by, a number of external variables over which management has little or no control, including: 

K35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
domestic and international economic conditions; the business environment in industries that produce and 
consume rail freight; competition and consolidation within the transportation industry; fluctuation in 
prices of key materials, in particular diesel fuel; labor difficulties, including strikes and work stoppages; 
legislative and regulatory developments; changes in securities and capital markets; and natural events 
such as severe weather, floods and earthquakes.  Forward-looking statements are not, and should not be 
relied upon as, a guaranty of future performance or results.  Nor will they necessarily prove to be accurate 
indications of the times at or by which any such performance or results will be achieved.  As a result, 
actual outcomes and results may differ materially from those expressed in forward-looking statements.  
NS undertakes no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements. 

Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk. 

The information required by this item is included in Part II, Item 7, “Management's Discussion and 
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” under the heading “Market Risks and 
Hedging Activities.” 

K36 

 
 
  
  
  
  
Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

   Report of Management 

   Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

   Consolidated Statements of Income 
   Years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 

   Consolidated Balance Sheets 
   As of December 31, 2004 and 2003 

   Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
   Years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 

   Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity 
   Years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 

   Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

   The Index to Consolidated Financial Statement Schedule in Item 15 

Page 

K38 

K39 

K42 

K43 

K44 

K45 

K46 

K82 

K37 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Report of Management 

February 28, 2005 

To the Stockholders 
Norfolk Southern Corporation 

Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial 
reporting.  In order to ensure that the Corporation's internal control over financial reporting is effective, 
management regularly assesses such controls and did so most recently for its financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2004.  This assessment was based on criteria for effective internal control over financial 
reporting described in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission.  Based on this assessment, management has concluded that 
the Corporation maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004. 

KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, has audited the Corporation's financial 
statements and has reported on management's assessment of the effectiveness of the Corporation's internal 
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004. 

/s/ David R. Goode 
David R. Goode 
Chairman and 
Chief Executive Officer 

/s/ Henry C. Wolf 
Henry C. Wolf 
Vice Chairman and 
Chief Financial Officer 

/s/ Marta R. Stewart 
Marta R. Stewart 
Vice President and 
Controller 

K38 

 
 
  
  
  
  
 
   
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm  

The Stockholders and Board of Directors 
Norfolk Southern Corporation: 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Norfolk Southern Corporation and 
subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the related consolidated statements of income, 
changes in stockholders' equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended 
December 31, 2004.  In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we have also 
audited the financial statement schedule as listed in Item 15(A)2.  These consolidated financial statements 
and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of Norfolk Southern Corporation’s management.  
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and financial 
statement schedule based on our audits. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight 
Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable 
assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement.  An audit includes 
examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements.  
An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by 
management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation.  We believe that our 
audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material 
respects, the financial position of Norfolk Southern Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2004 
and 2003, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three-year 
period ended December 31, 2004, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.  
Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic 
consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the 
information set forth therein. 

As discussed in note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2003, Norfolk 
Southern Corporation adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 143, Accounting for 
Asset Retirement Obligations, and Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46, 
Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities. 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight 
Board (United States), the effectiveness of Norfolk Southern Corporation’s internal control over financial 
reporting as of December 31, 2004, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated 
Framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
(COSO), and our report dated February 28, 2005, expressed an unqualified opinion on management’s 
assessment of, and the effective operation of, internal control over financial reporting.  

/s/ KPMG LLP 
Norfolk, Virginia 
February 28, 2005 

K39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

The Stockholders and Board of Directors 
Norfolk Southern Corporation: 

We have audited management's assessment, included in the accompanying Report of Management, that 
Norfolk Southern Corporation maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2004, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework, issued by 
the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).  Norfolk Southern 
Corporation's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial 
reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.  Our 
responsibility is to express an opinion on management's assessment and an opinion on the effectiveness of 
Norfolk Southern Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight 
Board (United States).  Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable 
assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material 
respects.  Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, 
evaluating management’s assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of 
internal control, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances.  
We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable 
assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for 
external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.  A company’s 
internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the 
maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and 
dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded 
as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted 
accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in 
accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the 
company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect 
misstatements.  Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the 
risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of 
compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

In our opinion, management's assessment that Norfolk Southern Corporation maintained effective internal 
control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on 
criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework, issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).  Also, in our opinion, Norfolk Southern 
Corporation maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2004, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework, issued by 
the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). 

K40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
Page 2 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight 
Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Norfolk Southern Corporation and subsidiaries 
as of December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in 
stockholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 
2004.  In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we have also audited the 
financial statement schedule as listed in Item 15(A)2.  Our report dated February 28, 2005, expressed an 
unqualified opinion on the consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule. 

/s/ KPMG LLP 
Norfolk, Virginia 
February 28, 2005 

K41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
Norfolk Southern Corporation and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Statements of Income 

Years ended Dec. 31, 
2003 
($ in millions, except earnings per share) 

2004 

2002 

Railway operating revenues 

$

7,312 

$

6,468   $ 

6,270 

Railway operating expenses 
  Compensation and benefits (Note 11) 
  Materials, services and rents 
  Conrail rents and services (Note 2) 
  Depreciation (Note 2) 
  Diesel fuel 
  Casualties and other claims 
  Other 

    Total railway operating expenses 

    Income from railway operations 

Other income – net (Note 3) 
Interest expense on debt (Note 6) 

    Income from continuing operations 
      before income taxes and accounting changes 

Provision for income taxes (Note 4) 

    Income from continuing operations 
       before accounting changes 

Discontinued operations – gain on sale 
  of motor carrier, net of taxes (Note 17) 
Cumulative effect of changes in accounting 
  principles, net of taxes (Note 1) 

    Net income 

Per share amounts (Note 14): 
  Income from continuing operations before  
    accounting changes 
          Basic 
          Diluted  
  Net income 
          Basic 
          Diluted 

$

$
$

$
$

2,272 
1,601 
319 
598 
449 
151 
220 

5,610 

1,702 

89 
(489)

1,302 

379 

2,275  
1,427  
419  
513  
380  
181  
209  

2,022 
1,457 
412 
515 
342 
171 
193 

5,404  

5,112 

1,064  

1,158 

19  
(497) 

586  

175  

66 
(518)

706 

246 

923 

411  

460 

-- 

-- 

10  

114  

-- 

-- 

923 

$

535   $ 

460 

2.34 
2.31 

2.34 
2.31 

$
$

$
$

1.05   $ 
1.05   $ 

1.37   $ 
1.37   $ 

1.18 
1.18 

1.18 
1.18 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

K42 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
Norfolk Southern Corporation and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Balance Sheets 

Assets 
Current assets: 
  Cash and cash equivalents 
  Short-term investments 
  Accounts receivable-net (Note 5) 
  Materials and supplies 
  Deferred income taxes (Note 4) 
  Other current assets 
    Total current assets 

Investment in Conrail (Note 2) 
Properties less accumulated depreciation (Notes 2 and 6) 
Other assets 
     Total assets 

Liabilities and stockholders' equity 
Current liabilities: 
  Accounts payable (Note 7) 
  Income and other taxes 
  Due to Conrail (Note 2) 
  Other current liabilities (Note 7) 
  Current maturities of long-term debt (Note 8) 
    Total current liabilities 

Long-term debt (Notes 2 and 8) 
Other liabilities (Note 10) 
Due to Conrail (Note 2) 
Deferred income taxes (Notes 2 and 4) 
    Total liabilities 

Stockholders' equity: 
  Common stock $1.00 per share par value, 1,350,000,000 shares 
    authorized; issued 421,346,107 and 412,168,988 shares, 
    respectively 
  Additional paid-in capital 
  Unearned restricted stock (Note 12) 
  Accumulated other comprehensive loss (Note 13) 
  Retained income 
  Less treasury stock at cost, 20,907,125 and 21,016,125 
    shares, respectively 

    Total stockholders' equity 

$ 

$ 

$ 

As of Dec.  31, 

2004 

2003 

($ in millions) 

579   $ 
90  
767  
104  
187  
240  
1,967  

805  
20,526  
1,452  
24,750   $ 

1,012   $ 
210  
78  
239  
662  
2,201  

6,863  
1,146  
--  
6,550  
16,760  

421  
728  
(8) 
(24) 
6,893  

(20) 

7,990  

284 
2 
695 
92 
189 
163 
1,425 

6,259 
11,779 
1,133 
20,596 

948 
199 
81 
213 
360 
1,801 

6,800 
1,080 
716 
3,223 
13,620 

412 
521 
(5)
(44)
6,112 

(20)

6,976 

    Total liabilities and stockholders' equity 

$ 

24,750   $ 

20,596 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

K43 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
Norfolk Southern Corporation and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 

2004 

Years Ended Dec.  31, 
2003 
($ in millions) 

2002 

$ 

923   $ 

535   $ 

460  

--  
609  
200  
(54) 
(53) 
(46) 
--  

(71) 
(12) 
(18) 
126  
57  
1,661  

(1,041) 
75  
(228) 
61  
(1,133) 

(142) 
162  
--  
202  
(455) 
(233) 

295  

(114) 
528  
132  
(58) 
--  
(45) 
(10) 

(12) 
5  
(4) 
(25) 
122  
1,054  

(720) 
78  
(106) 
108  
(640) 

(117) 
13  
(43) 
261  
(428) 
(314) 

100  

--  
529  
178  
(54) 
--  
(47) 
--  

(208) 
(7) 
1  
35  
(84) 
803  

(689) 
31  
(78) 
63  
(673) 

(101) 
42  
--  
672  
(763) 
(150) 

(20) 

284  

184  

204  

$ 

579   $ 

284   $ 

184  

$ 
$ 

483   $ 
146   $ 

510   $ 
93   $ 

525  
54  

Cash flows from operating activities 
  Net income 
  Reconciliation of net income to net cash 
    provided by operating activities: 
      Net cumulative effects of changes in accounting principles 
      Depreciation 
      Deferred income taxes 
      Equity in earnings of Conrail (Note 2) 
      Gain on Conrail Corporate Reorganization (Note 2) 
      Gains and losses on properties and investments 
      Income from discontinued operations 
      Changes in assets and liabilities affecting operations: 
          Accounts receivable (Note 5) 
          Materials and supplies 
          Other current assets 
          Current liabilities other than debt 
          Other – net (Notes 6 and 11) 
            Net cash provided by operating activities 

Cash flows from investing activities 
  Property additions 
  Property sales and other transactions 
  Investments, including short-term 
  Investment sales and other transactions 
            Net cash used for investing activities 

Cash flows from financing activities 
  Dividends 
  Common stock issued – net 
  Redemption of minority interest 
  Proceeds from borrowings 
  Debt repayments 
            Net cash used for financing activities 

            Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents 
  At beginning of year 

  At end of year 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information 
  Cash paid during the year for: 
    Interest (net of amounts capitalized) 
    Income taxes 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

K44 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Norfolk Southern Corporation and Subsidiaries 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity 

Common 
Stock 

Additional 
Paid-in 
Capital 

Accum. 
Other 
Compre- 
hensive 
Income 
Retained 
Income 
(Loss) 
($ in millions, except per share amounts) 

Unearned 
Restricted 
Stock 

Treasury 
Stock 

Total 

Balance Dec.  31, 2001 

$ 

407  

$ 

423  

$ 

--  

$ 

(55)  

$ 

5,335  

$ 

(20) 

$ 

6,090  

Comprehensive income 
  Net income 
  Other comprehensive 
    loss (Note 13) 
      Total comprehensive 
        income 
Dividends on Common 
  Stock, $0.26 per share 
Other (Notes 11 and 12) 

Balance Dec.  31, 2002 

Comprehensive income 
  Net income 
  Other comprehensive 
    income (Note 13) 
      Total comprehensive 
        income 
Dividends on Common 
  Stock, $0.30 per share 
Other (Notes 11 and 12) 

Balance Dec.  31, 2003 

Comprehensive income 
  Net income 
  Other comprehensive 
    income (Note 13) 
      Total comprehensive 
        income 
Dividends on Common 
  Stock, $0.36 per share 
Other (Notes 11 and 12) 

(10)  

460  

(101)  

460  

(10) 

450  

(101) 
61  

--  

(65)  

5,694  

(20) 

6,500  

3  

410  

58  

481  

21  

535  

(117)  

535  

21  

556  

(117)  
37   

(44) 

6,112  

(20) 

6,976  

20  

923  

(142) 

923  

20  

943  

(142) 
213  

2  

412  

40  

521  

(5) 

(5) 

9  

207  

(3) 

Balance Dec.  31, 2004 

$ 

421  

$ 

728   

$ 

(8)  $ 

(24) 

$ 

6,893  

$ 

(20) 

$ 

7,990  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. 

K45 

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Norfolk Southern Corporation and Subsidiaries 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

The following Notes are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

1.  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

Description of Business 

Norfolk Southern Corporation is a Virginia-based holding company engaged principally in the rail 
transportation business, operating approximately 21,300 route miles primarily in the East and Midwest.  
These consolidated financial statements include Norfolk Southern Corporation (Norfolk Southern) and its 
majority-owned and controlled subsidiaries (collectively, NS).  Norfolk Southern's major subsidiary is 
Norfolk Southern Railway Company (NSR).  All significant intercompany balances and transactions have 
been eliminated in consolidation. 

The railroad transports raw materials, intermediate products and finished goods classified in the following 
market groups (percent of total railway operating revenues in 2004): coal (24%); intermodal (21%); 
automotive (13%); chemicals (12%); metals/construction (11%); agriculture/consumer products/ 
government (10%); and paper/clay/forest products (9%).  Ultimate points of origination or destination for 
some of the freight (particularly coal bound for export and intermodal containers) are outside the United 
States.  Approximately 85% of NS' railroad employees are covered by collective bargaining agreements 
with 14 different labor unions. 

Use of Estimates 

The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles 
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and 
liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the 
reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.  Management reviews its 
estimates, including those related to the recoverability and useful lives of assets, as well as liabilities for 
litigation, environmental remediation, casualty claims, income taxes, and pension and postretirement 
benefits.  Changes in facts and circumstances may result in revised estimates. 

Cash Equivalents 

“Cash equivalents” are highly liquid investments purchased three months or less from maturity. 

Investments 

Marketable equity and debt securities are reported at amortized cost or fair value, depending upon their 
classification as securities “held-to-maturity,” “trading” or “available-for-sale.”  Unrealized gains and 
losses for investments designated as “available-for-sale,” net of taxes, are recognized in “Accumulated 
other comprehensive loss.” 

Investments where NS has the ability to exercise significant influence over but does not control the entity 
are accounted for using the equity method in accordance with APB Opinion No. 18, “The Equity Method 
of Accounting for Investments in Common Stock.” 

K46 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
Materials and Supplies 

“Materials and supplies,” consisting mainly of fuel oil and items for maintenance of property and 
equipment, are stated at the lower of average cost or market.  The cost of materials and supplies expected 
to be used in capital additions or improvements is included in “Properties.” 

Properties 

“Properties” are stated principally at cost and are depreciated using group depreciation.  Rail is 
depreciated primarily on the basis of use measured by gross ton-miles.  Other properties are depreciated 
generally using the straight-line method over the lesser of estimated service or lease lives.  NS capitalizes 
interest on major capital projects during the period of their construction.  Expenditures, including those on 
leased assets that extend an asset's useful life or increase its utility, are capitalized.  Maintenance expense 
is recognized when repairs are performed.  When properties other than land and nonrail assets are sold or 
retired in the ordinary course of business, the cost of the assets, net of sale proceeds or salvage, is charged 
to accumulated depreciation, and no gain or loss is recognized through income.  Gains and losses on 
disposal of land and nonrail assets are included in “Other income - net” (see Note 3). 

NS reviews the carrying amount of properties whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate 
that such carrying amount may not be recoverable based on future undiscounted cash flows.  Assets that 
are deemed impaired as a result of such review are recorded at the lower of carrying amount or fair value 
(see Note 6). 

Revenue Recognition 

Transportation revenue is recognized proportionally as a shipment moves from origin to destination.  
Refunds are recorded as a reduction to revenues based on management's best estimate of projected 
liability.  Switching, demurrage and other incidental service revenue is recognized when the services are 
performed. 

Derivatives 

NS does not engage in the trading of derivatives.  NS uses derivative financial instruments to reduce the 
risk of volatility in its diesel fuel costs and in the management of its mix of fixed and floating-rate debt.  
Management has determined that these derivative instruments qualify as either fair-value or cash-flow 
hedges, having values that highly correlate with the underlying hedged exposures and have designated 
such instruments as hedging transactions.  Income and expense related to the derivative financial 
instruments are recorded in the same category as generated by the underlying asset or liability.  Credit risk 
related to the derivative financial instruments is considered to be minimal and is managed by requiring 
high credit standards for counterparties and periodic settlements (see Note 16). 

Stock-Based Compensation 

NS has stock-based employee compensation plans, which are more fully described in Note 12.  NS 
applies the intrinsic value recognition and measurement principles of APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting 
for Stock Issued to Employees” (APB Opinion No. 25), and related interpretations in accounting for 
these plans. 

K47 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
The following table illustrates the effect on net income and earnings per share if NS had applied the fair 
value recognition provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 123, “Accounting for 
Stock-Based Compensation” (SFAS No. 123), to stock-based employee compensation: 

2004 

2003 
($ in millions except per share) 

2002 

Net income, as reported 
Add: Stock-based employee compensation expense 
  included in reported net income, net of related 
  tax effects 
Deduct: Stock-based employee compensation 
  expense determined under fair value method, net 
  of related tax effects 
Pro forma net income 

Earnings per share: 
   As reported 
      Basic 
      Diluted 

   Pro forma 
      Basic 
      Diluted 

$

923 

$

535  

$ 

460 

32 

18  

14 

(44)
911 

2.34 
2.31 

2.31 
2.28 

$

$
$

$
$

(35) 
518  

1.37  
1.37  

1.33  
1.33  

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 
$ 

(45)
429 

1.18 
1.18 

1.10 
1.10 

$

$
$

$
$

Required Accounting Changes in 2003 

NS adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement No. 143, “Accounting for Asset 
Retirement Obligations,” (SFAS No. 143) effective Jan. 1, 2003, and recorded a $110 million net 
adjustment ($182 million before taxes) for the cumulative effect of this change in accounting on years 
prior to 2003.  Pursuant to SFAS No. 143, the cost to remove crossties must be recorded as an expense 
when incurred; previously these removal costs were accrued as a component of depreciation.  This change 
in accounting lowered depreciation expense (because the depreciation rate for crossties no longer reflects 
cost to remove) and increased compensation and benefits and other expenses (for the costs to remove 
retired assets).   The net effect to total railway operating expenses and net income was not material. 

NS also adopted FASB Interpretation No. 46, “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” (FIN No. 46) 
effective Jan. 1, 2003, and recorded a $4 million net adjustment ($6 million before taxes) for the 
cumulative effect of this change in accounting on years prior to 2003.  Pursuant to FIN No. 46, NS has 
consolidated a special-purpose entity that leases certain locomotives to NS (see Note 9).  This entity’s 
assets and liabilities at Jan. 1, 2003, included $169 million of locomotives and $157 million of debt 
related to their purchase as well as a $6 million minority interest liability.  This change in accounting 
increased depreciation and interest expense (to reflect the locomotives as owned assets) and lowered lease 
expense.  The net effect to total railway operating expenses and net income was not material. 

The cumulative effect of these changes amounted to $114 million, or 29 cents per share. 

Reclassifications 

Certain amounts in the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto have been reclassified to 
conform to the 2004 presentation. 

K48 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
2.  Investment in Conrail and Operations Over Its Lines 

Overview 

Through a limited liability company, Norfolk Southern and CSX Corporation (CSX) jointly own 
Conrail Inc. (Conrail), whose primary subsidiary is Consolidated Rail Corporation (CRC).  NS has a 
58% economic and 50% voting interest in the jointly owned entity, and CSX has the remainder of the 
economic and voting interests.  CRC owns and operates certain properties (the Shared Assets Areas) 
for the joint and exclusive benefit of Norfolk Southern Railway Company (NSR) and CSX 
Transportation Inc. (CSXT).  The costs of operating the Shared Assets Areas are borne by NSR 
and CSXT based on usage.  In addition, NSR and CSXT pay CRC a fee for access to the Shared 
Assets Areas. 

Conrail Corporate Reorganization 

On August 27, 2004, NS, CSX and Conrail completed a reorganization of Conrail (Conrail Corporate 
Reorganization), which established direct ownership and control by NSR and CSXT of two former 
CRC subsidiaries, Pennsylvania Lines LLC (PRR) and New York Central Lines LLC (NYC), 
respectively.  Prior to the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, NSR operated the routes and assets of 
PRR and CSXT operated the routes and assets of NYC, each in accordance with operating and lease 
agreements.  Pursuant to the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, the operating and lease agreements 
were terminated and PRR and NYC were merged into NSR and CSXT, respectively.  The 
reorganization did not involve the Shared Assets Areas and did not affect the competitive rail service 
provided in the Shared Assets Areas.  Conrail continues to own, manage and operate the Shared Assets 
Areas as previously approved by the Surface Transportation Board (STB).  In connection with the 
Conrail Corporate Reorganization, NS, CSX and Conrail obtained a ruling from the Internal Revenue 
Service (IRS) regarding certain tax matters, and the STB approved the transaction. 

As a part of the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, Conrail restructured its existing unsecured and 
secured public indebtedness, with the consent of Conrail’s debtholders.  Prior to the restructuring, there 
were two series of unsecured public debentures with an outstanding principal amount of approximately 
$800 million and 13 series of secured debt with an outstanding principal amount of approximately 
$300 million.  Guaranteed debt securities were offered in an approximate 58%/42% ratio in exchange 
for Conrail’s unsecured debentures.  Of the $800 million unsecured public debentures, $779 million 
were tendered and accepted for exchange.  Upon completion of the transaction as described in various 
SEC filings, the new debt securities became direct unsecured obligations of NSR and CSXT, 
respectively, and rank equally with all existing and future senior unsecured debt obligations, if any, of 
NSR and CSXT.  Except for interest payments made in relation to the consummation of the exchange, 
these new debt securities have maturity dates, interest rates and principal and interest payment dates 
identical to those of the respective series of Conrail’s unsecured debentures.  In addition, these new 
debt securities have covenants substantially similar to those of the publicly traded debt securities of NS 
and CSX, respectively. 

Conrail’s secured debt and lease obligations remain obligations of Conrail and are supported by leases 
and subleases which are the direct lease and sublease obligations of NSR or CSXT. 

NS accounted for the transaction at fair value, which resulted in the recognition of a $53 million net 
gain (reported in “Other income – net”) from the tax-free distribution to NS of a portion of its 
investment in Conrail.  As a result of the transaction, NS’ investment in Conrail no longer includes 
amounts related to PRR and NYC.  Instead the assets and liabilities of PRR are reflected in their 
respective line items in NS’ Consolidated Balance Sheet and amounts due to PRR were extinguished. 

K49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 The following summarizes the effect of the transaction on NS’ Consolidated Balance Sheet 
($ in millions): 

Properties 
Extinguishment of amounts due to PRR 
Other assets and liabilities, net 
Deferred income taxes 
Long-term debt, including current maturities 
     Net assets received 
Investment in Conrail 
     Gain from Conrail Corporate Reorganization 

$ 

$ 

8,368  
870  
177  
(3,113) 
(734) 
5,568  
(5,515) 
53  

The amounts shown above for the net assets received reflect the fair value of such assets.  Properties 
have been valued based on information received from an independent valuation consultant.  Debt has 
been recorded at fair value based on interest rates at the time of the reorganization. 

On the Consolidated Income Statement, “Conrail rents and services” is reduced as a result of the 
transaction.  After the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, “Conrail rents and services” reflects only the 
expenses associated with the Shared Assets Areas, and other expenses (primarily the depreciation 
related to the PRR assets) are reflected in their respective line items.  The transaction’s impact on net 
income was the $53 million gain discussed above.  Prospectively, the transaction will not have a 
significant ongoing effect on net income. 

Investment in Conrail 

NS is continuing to apply the equity method of accounting to its remaining investment in Conrail in 
accordance with APB Opinion No. 18, "The Equity Method of Accounting for Investments in 
Common Stock."  NS is amortizing the excess of the purchase price over Conrail's net equity using the 
principles of purchase accounting, based primarily on the estimated remaining useful lives of Conrail's 
depreciable property and equipment, including the related deferred tax effect of the differences in tax 
and accounting bases for certain assets.  At Dec. 31, 2004, the difference between NS' investment in 
Conrail and its share of Conrail's underlying net equity was $595 million. 

NS' Consolidated Balance Sheet at Dec. 31, 2004, includes $17 million of liabilities related to the 
original Conrail transaction, principally for contractual obligations to Conrail employees imposed by 
the STB when it approved the transaction.  Through Dec. 31, 2004, NS has paid $186 million of such 
costs. 

Related-Party Transactions 

NS provides certain general and administrative support functions to Conrail, the fees for which are 
billed in accordance with several service-provider arrangements and amount to approximately 
$7 million annually. 

"Conrail rents and services" includes:  (1) expenses for amounts due to PRR for use by NSR of 
operating properties and equipment prior to the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, (2) NS' equity in the 
earnings of Conrail, net of amortization, prior to the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, and (3) 
expenses for amounts due to CRC for operation of the Shared Assets Areas.  After the Conrail 
Corporate Reorganization, “Conrail rents and services” includes only expenses for amounts due to 
CRC for operation of the Shared Assets Areas.  NS’ equity in the earnings of Conrail, net of 
amortization, after the reorganization is included in “Other income – net.” 

K50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Prior to the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, a significant portion of the payments made to PRR was 
borrowed back from a subsidiary of PRR under a note due in 2032.  Amounts outstanding under this 
note comprised the long-term balance of “Due to Conrail,” and this note was effectively extinguished 
by the reorganization.  "Due to Conrail" included in current liabilities is composed principally of 
amounts related to expenses included in "Conrail rents and services," as discussed above. 

Summary Financial Information - Conrail 

As a result of the Conrail Corporate Reorganization discussed above, two CRC subsidiaries, PRR and 
NYC, were distributed to NS and CSX, respectively, and CRC’s public indebtedness was restructured.  
The results of the operations of these subsidiaries and their net assets are presented in the following 
financial information as “Discontinued Operations.” 

Summarized Consolidated Statements of Income - Conrail 

2004 

Years Ended Dec. 31, 
2003 
($ in millions) 

2002 

Operating revenues 
Operating loss 
Income from continuing operations 
Discontinued operations (PRR and NYC) 
Net income 

$
$
$
$
$

352  
(18) 
22  
119  
140  

$
$
$
$
$

316   $ 
(36)  $ 
10   $ 
191   $ 
203   $ 

305  
(16) 
34  
146  
180  

Note:  Conrail adopted FIN No. 46 “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities,” effective Jan. 1, 2004, 
and recorded a $1 million net adjustment for the cumulative effect of this change in accounting on 
years prior to 2004.  Conrail adopted SFAS No. 143, effective Jan. 1, 2003, and recorded a $40 million 
net adjustment for the cumulative effect of this change in accounting on years prior to 2003 (including 
$38 million related to discontinued operations).  NS excluded this amount from its determination of 
equity in earnings of Conrail because an amount related to Conrail is included in NS’ cumulative effect 
adjustment for SFAS No. 143. 

K51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheets - Conrail 

Assets: 
   Current assets 
   Noncurrent assets 
   Assets of discontinued operations (PRR and NYC) 
      Total assets 

Liabilities and stockholders' equity: 
   Current liabilities 
   Noncurrent liabilities 
   Liabilities of discontinued operations (PRR and NYC) 
   Stockholders' equity 
      Total liabilities and stockholders' equity 

As of Dec. 31, 

2004 

2003 

($ in millions) 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

334  $ 

1,080 
-- 
1,414  $ 

241  $ 
811 
-- 
362 
1,414  $ 

186
952
7,176
8,314

260
849
2,751
4,454
8,314

Note:  Current assets include amounts due from NS and CSX totaling $165 million at Dec. 31, 
2004, and $136 million at Dec. 31, 2003.  Noncurrent assets include amounts due from NS and CSX 
totaling $225 million at Dec. 31, 2004, and $1,231 million at Dec. 31, 2003.  Current liabilities include 
amounts payable to NS and CSX totaling $4 million at Dec. 31, 2004, and $5 million at Dec. 31, 2003. 

Shared Assets Areas 

CRC owns and operates certain properties (the Shared Assets Areas) for the joint and exclusive benefit of 
NSR and CSXT.  NSR and CSXT pay CRC a fee for joint and exclusive access to the Shared Assets 
Areas.  In addition, NSR and CSXT pay, based on usage, the costs incurred by CRC to operate the Shared 
Assets Areas.  Future minimum lease payments due to CRC under the Shared Assets Areas agreements 
are as follows ($ in millions): 

2005 
2006 
2007 
2008 
2009 
2010 and subsequent years 
   Total 

$

$

33
34
34
34
34
517
686

Operating lease expense related to the Shared Assets Areas as well as the agreements in place before 
the Conrail Corporate Reorganization related to operation of the PRR routes and assets, all of which is 
included in “Conrail rents and services,” amounted to $363 million in 2004, $478 million in 2003 and 
$468 million in 2002. 

K52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
3.  Other Income - Net 

Income from natural resources: 
   Royalties from coal 
   Nonoperating depletion and depreciation 
         Subtotal 

Gain from Conrail Corporate Reorganization (Note 2) 
Gains from sale of properties and investments 
Rental income 
Interest income 
Equity in earnings of Conrail (Note 2) 
Corporate-owned life insurance – net 
Equity in losses of partnerships 
Other interest expense 
Taxes on nonoperating property 
Charitable contributions 
Discount on sales of accounts receivable (Note 5) 
Impairment of telecommunications assets (Note 6) 
Other 
         Total 

$ 

$ 

2004 

2003 
($ in millions) 

2002 

42   $ 
(11) 
31  

53  
46  
40  
13  
11  
8  
(61) 
(17) 
(8) 
(4) 
(1) 
--  
(22) 
89   $ 

39    $ 
(15)  
24   

--   
45   
38   
10   
--   
21   
--   
(4)  
(8)  
(4)  
--   
(84)  
(19)  
19    $ 

48  
(14) 
34  

--  
47  
36  
12  
--  
(1) 
(1) 
(31) 
(7) 
--  
(4) 
--  
(19) 
66  

“Other income - net” includes the income generated by the activities of NS' noncarrier subsidiaries as 
well as the costs incurred by those subsidiaries in their operations.  NS has a 40.5% interest in a limited 
liability company that owns and operates facilities that produce synthetic fuel from coal.  The production 
of synthetic fuel results in tax credits as well as expenses related to the investments.  The expenses are 
recorded as a component of “Other income – net.” 

“Other current assets” in the Consolidated Balance Sheets includes prepaid interest of $48 million at 
Dec. 31, 2004, and $50 million at Dec. 31, 2003, arising from corporate-owned life insurance borrowings. 

K53 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
4.  Income Taxes 

Provision for Income Taxes 

2004 

2003 
($ in millions) 

2002 

Current: 
   Federal 
   State 
      Total current taxes 

Deferred: 
   Federal 
   State 
      Total deferred taxes 

$

133 $
46
179

32 $ 
11
43

181
19
200

97
35
132

      Provision for income taxes 

$

379 $

175 $ 

Reconciliation of Statutory Rate to Effective Rate 

61 
7 
68 

145 
33 
178 

246 

Total income taxes as reflected in the Consolidated Statements of Income differ from the amounts 
computed by applying the statutory federal corporate tax rate as follows: 

2004 

2003 

2002 

Amount 

  % 

Amount 

  % 

Amount 

  % 

($ in millions) 

Federal income tax at 
  statutory rate 
State income taxes, net of 
  federal tax benefit 
Gain from Conrail Corporate 
  Reorganization 
Equity in earnings of Conrail 
Tax credits 
Other – net 

Provision for income taxes 

$

Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities 

$

456 

35  $

205 

35   $ 

247 

42 

(19)
(18)
(80)
(2)

379 

3 

(1)
(1)
(7)
-- 

30 

-- 
(20)
-- 
(40)

5  

--  
(3) 
--  
(7) 

26 

-- 
(19)
-- 
(8)

29  $

175 

30   $ 

246 

35 

4 

-- 
(3)
-- 
(1)

35 

Certain items are reported in different periods for financial reporting and income tax purposes.  Deferred 
tax assets and liabilities are recorded in recognition of these differences. 

K54 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the deferred tax assets and 
deferred tax liabilities are as follows: 

Deferred tax assets: 
   Reserves, including casualty and other claims 
   Retiree health and death benefit obligations 
   Taxes, including state and property 
   Other 
      Total gross deferred tax assets 
   Less valuation allowance 
      Net deferred tax asset 

Deferred tax liabilities: 
   Property 
   Other 
      Total gross deferred tax liabilities 

      Net deferred tax liability 
      Net current deferred tax asset 

Dec. 31, 

2004 

2003 

($ in millions) 

$

181 
180 
263 
44 
668 
(21)
647 

(6,857)
(153)
(7,010)

(6,363)
187 

$ 

194 
157 
240 
55 
646 
(22)
624 

(3,466)
(192)
(3,658)

(3,034)
189 

      Net long-term deferred tax liability 

$

(6,550)

$ 

(3,223)

Net deferred income tax liabilities increased by $3,113 million in 2004 as a result of the Conrail 
Corporate Reorganization (see Note 2).  Except for amounts for which a valuation allowance has been 
provided, management believes that it is more likely than not that the results of future operations will 
generate sufficient taxable income to realize the deferred tax assets.  The valuation allowance at the end 
of each year relates to subsidiary net operating losses that may not be utilized prior to their expiration.  
The total valuation allowance decreased $1 million in 2004, $2 million in 2003 and increased $6 million 
in 2002. 

Internal Revenue Service (IRS) Reviews 

Consolidated federal income tax returns have been examined and Revenue Agent Reports have been 
received for all years up to and including 1999.  In 2004, the favorable resolution of the IRS audit of a 
synthetic fuel-related investment is reflected in the “Tax credits” line of the reconciliation of statutory rate 
to the effective rate.  In 2003, the favorable resolution of prior years’ audits is reflected in the “Other – 
net” line of the reconciliation of statutory rate to the effective rate, as shown above, and comprised most 
of that line item.  The consolidated federal income tax returns for 2000 through 2003 are being audited by 
the IRS.    The IRS examination for 2000 and 2001 is expected to be completed in the first half of 2005.  
Management believes that adequate provision has been made for any additional taxes and interest thereon 
that might arise as a result of IRS examinations. 

5.  Accounts Receivable 

NS has in place an accounts receivable sales program.  Under this program a bankruptcy-remote special 
purpose subsidiary of NS sells without recourse undivided ownership interests in a pool of accounts 
receivable.  The buyers have a priority collection interest in the entire pool of receivables and, as a result, 
NS has retained credit risk to the extent the pool of receivables exceeds the amount sold.  NS services and 
collects the receivables on behalf of the buyers and payments collected from sold receivables can be 

K55 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
reinvested in new accounts receivable on behalf of the buyers.  Should NS' credit rating drop below 
investment grade, the buyers have the right to discontinue this reinvestment. 

While there were some sales during 2004 and 2003, there were no accounts receivable sold under this 
arrangement as of Dec. 31, 2004 and 2003.  The change in “Accounts receivable” included on the 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows related to receivable sales was zero for 2004, compared with a 
decrease of $30 million in 2003 and a decrease of $270 million in 2002.  The fees associated with sales, 
which are based on the buyers' financing costs, are included in “Other income – net” (see Note 3). 

NS' allowance for doubtful accounts was $9 million at Dec. 31, 2004, and $7 million at Dec. 31, 2003.  
To determine its allowance for doubtful accounts NS evaluates historical loss experience, which has 
not been significant, the characteristics of current accounts, as well as general economic conditions 
and trends. 

6.  Properties 

Railway property: 
   Road 
   Equipment 
Other property 

Less accumulated depreciation 

Dec. 31, 

2004

2003

($ in millions) 

Depreciation 
Rate for 2004

$

19,530 
6,661 
574 
26,765 

(6,239)

$

11,243  
5,779  
569  
17,591  

(5,812) 

3.0%
4.2%
2.9%

      Net properties 

$

20,526 

$

11,779  

Properties increased $8,368 million in 2004 as a result of the Conrail Corporate Reorganization (see 
Note 2).  Railway property includes $618 million at Dec. 31, 2004, and $477 million at Dec. 31, 2003, of 
assets recorded pursuant to capital leases.  Other property includes the costs of obtaining rights to natural 
resources of $341 million at Dec. 31, 2004 and 2003. 

Impairment of Telecommunications Assets in 2003 

In 2003, NS recorded an $84 million non-cash reduction in the carrying value of certain 
telecommunications assets to recognize their impaired value in accordance with the provisions of SFAS 
No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.”  NS’ subsidiary, 
Thoroughbred Technology and Telecommunications (T-Cubed), developed fiber optic infrastructure with 
companies in the telecommunications industry.  This industry has been in a severe downturn and, 
accordingly, T-Cubed monitored the carrying amount of these assets through independent fair market 
value appraisals.  As a result of a deterioration in the long-term prospects for these assets, an updated 
appraisal obtained in the fourth quarter of 2003 indicated a significant decline in their value.  T-Cubed 
continues to monitor the carrying value of these assets. 

Capitalized Interest 

Total interest cost incurred on debt in 2004, 2003 and 2002 was $499 million, $509 million and 
$529 million, respectively, of which $10 million, $12 million and $11 million was capitalized. 

K56 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
7.  Current Liabilities 

Accounts payable: 
   Accounts and wages payable 
   Casualty and other claims (Note 18) 
   Vacation liability 
   Equipment rents payable – net 
   Other 
      Total 

Other current liabilities: 
   Interest payable 
   Liabilities for forwarded traffic 
   Retiree health and death benefit obligations (Note 11) 
   Accrued Conrail-related costs (Note 2) 
   Other 
      Total 

8.  Long-term Debt 

Dec. 31, 

2004 

2003 

($ in millions) 

$

$

$

$

544 
222 
115 
106 
25 
1,012 

117 
46 
45 
17 
14 
239 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

491
218
113
103
23
948

104
37
38
21
13
213

Dec. 31, 

2004 

2003 

($ in millions) 

Notes and debentures at average rates and maturities as follows: 
   6.78%, maturing to 2009 
   6.71%, maturing 2010 to 2014 
   8.67%, maturing 2017 to 2021 
   7.54%, maturing 2027 to 2031 
   7.21%, maturing 2037 and 2043 
   7.90%, maturing 2097 
Equipment obligations at an average rate of 4.32%, maturing to 2014 
Capitalized leases at an average rate of 3.51%, maturing to 2024 
Other debt at an average rate of 6.51%, maturing to 2019 
Discounts and premiums, net 
      Total long-term debt 
      Less current maturities 
      Long-term debt excluding current maturities 

Long-term debt maturities subsequent to 2005 are as follows: 
   2006 
   2007 
   2008 
   2009 
   2010 and subsequent years 
      Total 

$

$

$

$

1,540   $ 
1,041  
1,114  
1,500  
855  
350  
563  
370  
113  
79  
7,525  
(662) 
6,863   $ 

316  
493  
370  
481  
5,203  
6,863  

2,190 
600 
800 
1,500 
717 
350 
636 
274 
118 
(25)
7,160 
(360)
6,800 

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Pursuant to the Conrail Corporate Reorganization, NSR issued unsecured public debentures with a total 
principal of $452 million and fair value of $595 million that mature in 2020 and 2043 (see Note 2).  The 
fair value write-up is included in “Discounts and premiums, net” and reflects interest rates at the time of 
the reorganization.  This write-up is being amortized as a reduction to interest expense over the life of the 
instruments with a resulting average effective interest rate of 6.2%.  The new debt securities have 
covenants substantially similar to other NS publicly traded debt securities.  In addition, “Capitalized 
leases” includes $135 million at Dec. 31, 2004, related to the fair value of equipment sublease obligations 
for equipment that remain secured debt and lease obligations of Conrail (see Note 2). 

In September 2004, NS exchanged $400 million of its 7.35% notes maturing May 2007 for $442 million 
of 5.257% notes maturing September 2014.  The $42 million difference is being recognized as additional 
interest expense over the life of the new notes and is included in “Discounts and premiums, net.” 

The railroad equipment obligations and the capitalized leases are secured by liens on the 
underlying equipment. 

Certain lease obligations require the maintenance of yen-denominated deposits, which are pledged to the 
lessor to satisfy yen-denominated lease payments.  These deposits are included in “Other assets” on the 
balance sheet and totaled $100 million at Dec. 31, 2004, and $96 million at Dec. 31, 2003. 

Shelf Registration  

In September 2004, NS filed on Form S-3 a shelf registration statement with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission covering the issuance of up to $550 million of securities.  This, together with the 
$450 million of securities authorized but unissued from a prior $1 billion shelf registration, allows the 
company to issue up to $1 billion of registered debt or equity securities.  As of Dec. 31, 2004, NS had not 
issued any securities under this shelf registration. 

Credit Agreement, Debt Covenants and Commercial Paper 

In August 2004, NS renewed its $1 billion credit facility under substantially the same terms and 
conditions as the previous facility for a five-year term expiring in 2009.  Any borrowings under the credit 
agreement are contingent on the continuing effectiveness of the representations and warranties made at 
the inception of the agreement.  NS is subject to various financial covenants with respect to its debt and 
under its credit agreement, including a minimum net worth requirement, a maximum leverage ratio 
restriction, certain restrictions on the issuance of further debt by NS or its subsidiaries and the 
consolidation, merger or sale of substantially all of NS’ assets.  At Dec. 31, 2004, NS was in compliance 
with all financial covenants. 

NS has the ability to issue commercial paper supported by its $1 billion credit agreement.  At Dec. 31, 
2004 and Dec. 31, 2003, NS had no commercial paper outstanding. 

K58 

 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
9.  Lease Commitments 

NS is committed under long-term lease agreements, which expire on various dates through 2067, for 
equipment, lines of road and other property.  The following amounts do not include payments to CRC 
under the Shared Assets Areas agreements (see Note 2).  Future minimum lease payments and operating 
lease expense are as follows: 

2005 
2006 
2007 
2008 
2009 
2010 and subsequent years 
   Total 
Less imputed interest on capital leases at an average rate of 5.5% 
   Present value of minimum lease payments included in debt 

Operating 
Leases 

Capital 
Leases 

($ in millions) 

$

$

154  
120  
107  
87  
73  
484  
1,025  

$ 

$ 

$ 

75  
70  
80  
48  
64  
74  
411  
(41) 
370  

Operating Lease Expense 

Minimum rents 
Contingent rents 
     Total 

2004 

2003 
($ in millions) 

2002 

$

$

151
65
216

$

$

130  $ 

63 

193  $ 

140
60
200

During 2000, NS entered into an operating lease for 140 locomotives, which is renewable annually at NS' 
option, has a maximum term of eight years and includes purchase options.  The lessor is a variable 
interest entity whose activities are limited to those incident to this particular transaction.  As discussed in 
Note 1 under the heading “Required Accounting Changes in 2003,” NS has consolidated this entity for 
reporting purposes as of Jan. 1, 2003.  The table above includes operating lease expense related to this 
lease of $13 million in 2002.  During December 2004, NS provided an irrevocable notice of election to 
exercise the purchase option and pay for the locomotives on June 30, 2005.  Accordingly, the 
$141 million of debt of the variable interest entity is included in “Current maturities of long-term debt” as 
of Dec. 31, 2004. 

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10.  Other Liabilities 

Retiree health and death benefit obligations (Note 11) 
Casualty and other claims (Note 18) 
Deferred compensation 
Net pension obligations (Note 11) 
Accrued Conrail-related costs (Note 2) 
Other 
     Total 

11.   Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits 

Dec. 31, 

2004 

2003 

($ in millions) 

$ 

$ 

354  $ 
315 
143 
94 
-- 
240 
1,146  $ 

321
270
143
89
14
243
1,080

Norfolk Southern and certain subsidiaries have both funded and unfunded defined benefit pension plans 
covering principally salaried employees.  Norfolk Southern and certain subsidiaries also provide specified 
health care and death benefits to eligible retired employees and their dependents.  Under the present plans, 
which may be amended or terminated at NS' option, a defined percentage of health care expenses is 
covered, reduced by any deductibles, copayments, Medicare payments and, in some cases, coverage 
provided under other group insurance policies. 

Asset Management 

Eleven investment firms manage the Company’s defined benefit pension plan’s assets under investment 
guidelines approved by the Board of Directors.  Investments are restricted to domestic fixed income 
securities, international fixed income securities, domestic and international equity investments and 
unleveraged exchange-traded options and financial futures.  Limitations restrict investment concentration 
and use of certain derivative instruments.  The target asset allocation for equity is 75% of the pension 
plan’s assets.  Fixed income investments must have an average rating of “AA” or better and all fixed 
income securities must be rated “A” or better except bond index funds.  Equity investments must be in 
liquid securities listed on national exchanges.  No investment is permitted in the securities of Norfolk 
Southern Corporation or its subsidiaries (except through commingled pension trust funds).  Investment 
managers’ returns are expected to exceed selected market indices by prescribed margins. 

NS’ pension plan weighted-average asset allocations at Dec. 31, 2004 and 2003, by asset category, are 
as follows: 

Asset Category 

Plan assets at Dec. 31, 

2004 

2003 

Equity securities 
Debt securities 
   Total 
International equity securities 
   included in equity securities above 

76%
24   
100%

10%

75% 
25    
100% 

9% 

The postretirement benefit plan assets consist primarily of trust-owned variable life insurance policies 
with an asset allocation at Dec. 31, 2004, of 67% in equity securities and 33% in debt securities compared 

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with 55% in equity securities and 45% in debt securities at Dec. 31, 2003.  The target asset allocation for 
equity is between 50% and 75% of the plan’s assets. 

The plans’ assumed future returns are based principally on the asset allocation and on the historic returns 
for the plans’ asset classes determined from both actual plan returns and, over longer time periods, market 
returns for those asset classes. 

Voluntary Separation Program in 2003 

Compensation and benefits expense in 2003 includes $107 million of costs related to a voluntary 
separation program undertaken in the fourth quarter.  Through the program, 553 nonagreement employees 
were separated from service, of which 314 retired under Norfolk Southern’s retirement plan.  The costs 
include $66 million for separation payments and other benefits of the program and $41 million of costs 
related to the pension and other benefit plans. 

Medicare Changes 

The Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003 (the Act) was signed 
into law in December 2003.  The Act introduces a new prescription drug benefit under Medicare 
(Medicare Part D) as well as a federal subsidy to sponsors of retiree health care benefit plans that provide 
a benefit that is at least actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D.  Norfolk Southern believes that its 
medical plan’s prescription drug benefit will qualify as actuarially equivalent to Medicare Part D based on 
a review by the plan’s external prescription drug administrator of the plan’s prescription drug benefit 
compared with the prescription drug benefit that would be paid under Medicare Part D beginning in 2006.  
In 2003, NS elected to take into account these legislative changes in the measurement of its 
postretirement benefit obligations in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Staff 
Position No. 106-1.  This resulted in a $45 million decrease in the end-of-year benefit obligation with a 
corresponding decline in the unrecognized actuarial loss for 2003.  There was no effect on the net 
benefit cost in 2003; however, the effects of the Act are reflected as a reduction of $9 million in the net 
benefit cost in 2004. 

K61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Obligations and Plan Assets 

Change in benefit obligations 
Benefit obligation at beginning of year 
Service cost 
Interest cost 
Amendment 
Legislative changes 
Curtailment loss 
Special termination benefits 
Actuarial losses 
Benefits paid 
     Benefit obligation at end of year 

Change in plan assets 
Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year 
Actual return on plan assets 
Employer contribution 
Benefits paid 
     Fair value of plan assets at end of year 

     Funded status 

Unrecognized actuarial loss 
Unrecognized prior service cost (benefit) 
     Net amount recognized 

Amounts recognized in the Consolidated 
Balance Sheets consist of: 
   Prepaid benefit cost 
   Accrued benefit liability 
   Accumulated other comprehensive income 
      Net amount recognized 

Pension Benefits 
2003 
2004 
($ in millions) 

Other Benefits 
2003 
2004 

$ 

1,488  $ 
18 
89 
-- 
-- 
-- 
-- 
96 
(117)
1,574   

1,370  $ 
20 
89 
-- 
-- 
17 
-- 
105 
(113)
1,488 

1,720 
197 
6 
(117)
1,806 

232 

253 
18 

1,469 
358 
6 
(113)
1,720 

232 

208 
21 

$ 

503  $ 

461  $ 

608   $
15  
39  
--  
--  
--  
--  
83  
(44) 
701  

130  
10  
9  
(44) 
105  

592 
18 
40 
(51)
(45)
10 
17 
65 
(38)
608 

106 
24 
38 
(38)
130 

(596) 

(478)

232  
(35) 
(399)  $

163 
(44)
(359)

$ 

$ 

577  $ 
(94)
20 

503  $ 

532  $ 
(89)
18 

461  $ 

--   $

(399) 
--  
(399)  $

-- 
(359)
-- 
(359)

Following is information for NS’ unfunded pension plans which in all cases have no assets and therefore 
have an accumulated benefit obligation in excess of plan assets: 

Dec. 31, 

2004 

2003 

($ in millions) 

Projected benefit obligation 
Accumulated benefit obligation 

$

$

120
94

103 
89 

During 2003, NS amended its retiree medical plan to require participants retiring after Dec. 31, 2003 to 
share in any increased medical costs.  Contributions will be determined annually and will increase at a 

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rate similar to that of active nonagreement employees.  The amendment decreased the retiree medical 
benefit obligation by $51 million. 

Pension and Other Postretirement Benefit Costs Components 

Pension benefits 
Service cost 
Interest cost 
Curtailment loss 
Expected return on plan assets 
Amortization of prior service cost 
Recognized net actuarial (gains) losses 
     Net benefit 

Other postretirement benefits 
Service cost 
Interest cost 
Curtailment loss 
Special termination benefits 
Expected return on plan assets 
Amortization of prior service cost (benefit) 
Amortization of unrecognized losses 
     Net cost 

Pension Assumptions 

2004 

2003 
($ in millions) 

2002 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

18  $ 
89 
-- 
(149)
3 
3 
(36) $ 

15  $ 
39 
-- 
-- 
(12)
(9)
16 
49  $ 

20   $ 
89  
17  
(158) 
5  
2  
(25)  $ 

18   $ 
40  
10  
17  
(12) 
(7) 
14  
80   $ 

17 
91 
-- 
(179)
4 
(13)
(80)

13 
33 
-- 
-- 
(13)
-- 
-- 
33 

Pension and other postretirement benefit costs are determined based on actuarial valuations that reflect 
appropriate assumptions as of the measurement date, ordinarily the beginning of each year.  The funded 
status of the plans is determined using appropriate assumptions as of each year end.  A summary of the 
major assumptions follows: 

Funded status: 
   Discount rate 
   Future salary increases 
Pension cost: 
   Discount rate 
   Return on assets in plans 
   Future salary increases 

Health Care Cost Trend Assumptions 

2004

5.75%
4.5%

6.25%
9%
4.5%

2003 

6.25% 
4.5% 

6.75% 
9% 
4.5% 

2002

6.75%
4.5%

7.25%
9%
5%

For measurement purposes at Dec. 31, 2004, increases in the per capita cost of covered health care 
benefits were assumed to be 9% for 2004 and 8% for 2005.  It is assumed the rate will decrease gradually 
to an ultimate rate of 5% for 2008 and remain at that level thereafter. 

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Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported in the financial 
statements.  To illustrate, a one-percentage-point change in the assumed health care cost trend would have 
the following effects: 

Increase (decrease) in: 
   Total service and interest cost components 
   Postretirement benefit obligation 

Contributions and Estimated Future Benefit Payments 

One percentage point 
Increase 
Decrease 

($ in millions) 

$
$

8  $ 
82  $ 

(6)
(69)

In 2005, NS expects to contribute approximately $7 million to its unfunded pension plans for payments to 
pensioners and $44 million to its other postretirement benefit plans for retiree health benefits. 

Benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, as appropriate, are expected to be paid 
as follows: 

2005 
2006 
2007 
2008 
2009 
Years 2010-2014 

Pension 
Benefits 

Other 
Benefits 

($ in millions) 

$

$

111
110
107
106
106
564

44 
43 
44 
45 
46 
249 

Beginning in 2006, the other benefit payments include an estimated annual $3 million reduction due to 
the Medicare Part D Subsidy. 

Other Postretirement Coverage 

Under collective bargaining agreements, NS and certain subsidiaries participate in a multi-employer 
benefit plan, which provides certain postretirement health care and life insurance benefits to eligible 
union employees.  Premiums under this plan are expensed as incurred and amounted to $20 million in 
2004, $18 million in 2003 and $11 million in 2002. 

Section 401(k) Plans 

Norfolk Southern and certain subsidiaries provide Section 401(k) savings plans for employees.  Under the 
plans, NS matches a portion of employee contributions, subject to applicable limitations.  NS' expenses 
under these plans were $12 million in each of 2004, 2003 and 2002. 

12.  Stock-Based Compensation 

Under the stockholder-approved Long-Term Incentive Plan (LTIP), a committee of nonemployee 
directors of the Board may grant stock options, stock appreciation rights (SARs), restricted shares and 
performance share units (PSUs), up to a maximum of 88,025,000 shares of Norfolk Southern Common 

K64 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
  
Stock (Common Stock).  Of these shares, 5,000,000 were approved by the Board for issuance to non-
officer participants; as a broadly based issuance, stockholder approval was not required.  Under the 
Board-approved Thoroughbred Stock Option Plan (TSOP), the committee may grant stock options up to a 
maximum of 6,000,000 shares of Common Stock.  Options may be granted for a term not to exceed 10 
years, but may not be exercised prior to the first anniversary of the date of grant.  Options are exercisable 
at the fair market value of Common Stock on the date of grant. 

The LTIP also permits the payment – on a current or a deferred basis and in cash or in stock – of dividend 
equivalents on shares of Common Stock covered by options or PSUs in an amount commensurate with 
dividends paid on Common Stock.  Tax absorption payments also are authorized in amounts estimated to 
equal the federal and state income taxes applicable to shares of Common Stock issued subject to a share 
retention agreement. 

Accounting Method 

As disclosed in Note 1, NS applies APB Opinion 25 and related interpretations in accounting for awards 
made under the plans.  Accordingly, grants of PSUs, restricted shares, dividend equivalents, tax 
absorption payments and SARs result in charges to net income, while grants of stock options have no 
effect on net income.  Related compensation costs were $53 million in 2004, $29 million in 2003 and $23 
million in 2002.  NS recognized additional paid-in capital of $30 million in 2004, $2 million in 2003 and 
$6 million in 2002 related to the tax benefit generated by stock option exercises. 

Note 1 includes a table that illustrates the effect on net income and earnings per share had NS applied the 
fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123 to stock-based employee compensation.  The pro 
forma amounts include compensation costs calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, with 
average expected option lives of five years; average risk-free interest rates of 3.2% in 2004, 2.8% in 2003 
and 4.6% in 2002; average stock-price volatilities of 35% in 2004, 33% in 2003 and 32% in 2002; and 
dividend yields of zero.  These assumptions produced per-share grant-date fair values of $7.95 in 2004, 
$6.60 in 2003 and $8.26 in 2002. 

Stock Option Activity 

Balance Dec. 31, 2001 

Granted 
Exercised 
Expired 
Balance Dec. 31, 2002 

Granted 
Exercised 
Expired 
Balance Dec. 31, 2003 

Granted 
Exercised 
Expired 
Balance Dec. 31, 2004 

Option Shares
33,413,523 

Weighted 
Average 
Exercise Price 
23.21 

$ 

7,384,000 
(2,851,538)
(287,341)
37,658,644 

5,700,000 
(781,610)
(863,219)
41,713,815 

4,580,500 
(8,203,589)
(1,233,859)
36,856,867 

22.49 
17.48 
26.73 
23.47 

19.63 
16.13 
24.37 
23.07 

22.02 
19.60 
24.53 
23.66 

$ 

$ 

$ 

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Of the total options outstanding at Dec. 31, 2004, 32 million were vested and have a weighted-average 
exercise price of $23.89. 

Stock Options Outstanding 

Range 

$  15.48 
  19.63 
  24.31 
  29.46 
$  15.48 

-  $  16.94 
22.49 
- 
27.69 
- 
- 
33.25 
-  $  33.25 

Performance Share Units 

Exercise Price 
Weighted 
Average 
 $ 16.22 
    21.51 
    27.44 
    32.14 
$ 23.66 

Number
Outstanding  
at Dec. 31, 2004  
7,493,546  
15,752,409  
5,495,162  
8,115,750  
36,856,867  

  Weighted Average
Remaining
Contractual Life
5.6 years
7.9 years
3.7 years
3.5 years
5.8 years

PSUs provide for awards based on achievement of certain predetermined corporate performance goals at 
the end of a three-year cycle.  PSU grants and average grant-date fair market values were 831,000 and 
$22.02 in 2004; 946,000 and $19.63 in 2003; and 815,000 and $22.49 in 2002.  PSUs may be paid in the 
form of shares of Common Stock, cash or any combination thereof.  Shares earned and issued may be 
subject to share retention agreements and held by NS for up to five years. 

Restricted Shares 

Restricted share grants were 359,040 in 2004, with a grant-date fair market value of $22.02 and a three-
year restriction period, and were 420,000 in 2003, with a grant date fair market value of $19.63 and a 
three-year restriction period.  At Dec. 31, 2004 and 2003, the balance of unearned compensation was 
$8 million and $5 million, relating to 726,540 restricted shares, and 391,800 shares, respectively. 

Shares Available and Issued 

Shares of stock available for future grants and issued in connection with all features of the LTIP and 
TSOP are as follows: 

Available for future grants Dec. 31: 
     LTIP 
     TSOP 

Shares of Common Stock issued: 
     LTIP 
     TSOP 

2004

2003 

2002

14,033,053
2,773,300

17,994,726 
2,737,200 

23,645,146
2,568,200

8,764,021
8,700

1,412,749 
-- 

2,917,898
--

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13.  Stockholders' Equity 

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss 

“Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)” reported in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in 
Stockholders' Equity consisted of the following: 

Balance 
at Beginning 
of Year 

Net 
Gain 
(Loss) 

Reclassification 
Adjustments 

($ in millions) 

Balance 
at End 
of Year 

$

$

$

$

--  $
28 
(72)

(44) $

1  $

18 
(84)

(65) $

1 
104 
-- 

105 

(1)
46 
12 

57 

$

$

$

$

$ 

--  
(85) 
--  

(85) 

$ 

$ 

--  
(36) 
--  

(36) 

$ 

1 
47 
(72)

(24)

-- 
28 
(72)

(44)

Dec. 31, 2004 
   Unrealized gains on securities 
   Cash flow hedges 
   Minimum pension liability 
      Accumulated other 
         comprehensive loss 

Dec. 31, 2003 
   Unrealized gains on securities 
   Cash flow hedges 
   Minimum pension liability 
      Accumulated other 
         comprehensive loss 

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“Other comprehensive income (loss)” reported in the Consolidated Statements of Changes in 
Stockholders' Equity consisted of the following: 

Year ended Dec.  31, 2004 
Net gain (loss) arising during the year: 
   Cash flow hedges 
   Reclassification adjustments for gains 
      included in net income 
         Subtotal 

   Unrealized gains (losses) on securities 
      Other comprehensive income (loss) 

Year ended Dec.  31, 2003 
Net gain (loss) arising during the year: 
   Cash flow hedges 
   Reclassification adjustments for gains 
      included in net income 
         Subtotal 

   Unrealized gains (losses) on securities 
   Minimum pension liability 
      Other comprehensive income (loss) 

Year ended Dec.  31, 2002 
Net gain (loss) arising during the year: 
   Cash flow hedges 
   Reclassification adjustments for gains 
      included in net income 
         Subtotal 

   Reclassification adjustments for realized gains on 
      securities included in net income 
   Minimum pension liability 
      Other comprehensive income (loss) 

Pretax 
Amount 

Tax 
(Expense) 
Benefit 
($ in millions) 

Net-of-Tax 
Amount 

$

171 

$

(67)  $ 

(140)
31 

55  
(12) 

1 
32 

$

--  
(12)  $ 

75 

$

(29)  $ 

(59)
16 

(1)
11 
26 

$

23  
(6) 

--  
1  
(5)  $ 

58 

$

(23)  $ 

(10)
48 

(9)
(34)
5 

 $

4  
(19) 

4  
--  
(15) 

 $ 

$

$

$

$

$

104 

(85)
19 

1 
20 

46 

(36)
10 

(1)
12 
21 

35 

(6)
29 

(5)
(34)
(10)

In 2004, 2003 and 2002, Conrail recorded a $3 million gain, a $25 million gain and a $59 million loss, 
respectively, in other comprehensive income (loss) related to its minimum pension liability.  NS' “Other 
comprehensive income (loss)” includes a $2 million gain for 2004, a $14 million gain for 2003 and a 
$34 million loss for 2002, arising from the Conrail adjustments. 

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Undistributed Earnings of Equity Investees 

“Retained income” includes undistributed earnings of equity investees, principally attributable to NS' 
equity in the earnings of Conrail, of $19 million at Dec. 31, 2004; $455 million at Dec. 31, 2003; and 
$375 million at Dec. 31, 2002. 

14.  Earnings Per Share 

The following table sets forth the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share: 

2004 

2003 
($ in millions except per share, shares in millions) 

2002 

Income available to common stockholders for 
  basic and diluted computations 

Basic earnings per share: 
   Weighted-average shares outstanding 
            Basic earnings per share 

Diluted earnings per share: 
   Weighted-average shares outstanding per above 
   Dilutive effect of outstanding options, PSUs and 
     restricted shares (as determined by the 
     application of the treasury stock method) 
   Adjusted weighted-average shares outstanding 
            Diluted earnings per share 

$

$

$

923

$

535  $ 

460

394.2
2.34

$

389.8 
1.37  $ 

388.2
1.18

394.2

389.8 

388.2

5.1
399.3
2.31

$

1.9 
391.7 
1.37  $ 

2.3
390.5
1.18

These calculations exclude options whose exercise price exceeded the average market price of Common 
Stock as follows:  13 million in 2004, 28 million in 2003 and 24 million in 2002. 

There are no adjustments to “Net income” or “Income from continuing operations” for the diluted 
earnings per share computations. 

K69 

 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
15.  Fair Values of Financial Instruments 

The fair values of “Cash and cash equivalents,” “Short-term investments,” “Accounts receivable” and 
“Accounts payable” approximate carrying values because of the short maturity of these financial 
instruments.  The fair value of corporate-owned life insurance approximates carrying value.  The carrying 
amounts and estimated fair values for the remaining financial instruments, excluding derivatives (see 
Note 16) and investments accounted for under the equity method in accordance with APB Opinion No. 
18, consisted of the following at Dec. 31: 

Investments 
Notes receivable 
Long-term debt 

2004 

2003 

Carrying 
Amount 

Fair 
Value 

Carrying 
Amount 

Fair 
Value 

($ in millions) 

$

125  $
93 
(7,525)

134  $
107 
(8,577)

32   $ 
93  
(7,160) 

40 
105 
(8,101)

Quoted market prices were used to determine the fair value of marketable securities; underlying net assets 
were used to estimate the fair value of other investments.  The fair values of notes receivable are based on 
future discounted cash flows.  The fair values of debt were estimated based on quoted market prices or 
discounted cash flows using current interest rates for debt with similar terms, company rating and 
remaining maturity. 

Carrying amounts of marketable securities reflect unrealized holding gains of $1 million on Dec. 31, 2004 
and 2003.  Sales of “available-for-sale” securities were immaterial for the years ended Dec. 31, 2004, 
2003 and 2002. 

16.  Derivative Financial Instruments 

On Jan. 1, 2001, NS adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, “Accounting for 
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (SFAS No. 133), as amended by Statement of Financial 
Accounting Standards No. 138, “Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging 
Activities” (SFAS No. 138).  The Statements establish accounting and reporting standards for derivative 
instruments and hedging activities, requiring that all derivatives be recognized in the financial statements 
as either assets or liabilities and that they be measured at fair value.  Changes in fair value are recorded as 
adjustments to the assets or liabilities being hedged in “Other comprehensive income,” or in current 
earnings, depending on whether the derivative is designated and qualifies for hedge accounting, the type 
of hedge transaction represented and the effectiveness of the hedge.  The settlements of the hedges will 
result in the reclassification into diesel fuel expense of the related gains or losses recorded as a component 
of “Other comprehensive income.” 

NS uses derivative financial instruments to reduce the risk of volatility in its diesel fuel costs and to 
manage its overall exposure to fluctuations in interest rates.  NS does not engage in the trading of 
derivatives.  Management has determined that its derivative financial instruments qualify as either fair-
value or cash-flow hedges, having values that highly correlate with the underlying hedged exposures, and 
has designated such instruments as hedging transactions.  Credit risk related to the derivative financial 
instruments is considered to be minimal and is managed by requiring high credit standards for 
counterparties and periodic settlements. 

K70 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
Diesel Fuel Hedging 

NS has hedged a significant portion of its diesel fuel consumption.  The intent of the hedges is to assist in 
the management of NS' aggregate risk exposure to fuel price fluctuations, which can significantly affect 
NS' operating margins and profitability.  In order to minimize this risk, NS has entered into a series of 
swaps in order to lock in the purchase prices of some of its diesel fuel.  Management has designated these 
derivative instruments as cash-flow hedges of the exposure to variability in expected future cash flows 
attributable to fluctuations in diesel fuel prices. 

Following is a summary of NS' diesel fuel swaps: 

Number of swaps entered into during the year 
Approximate number of gallons hedged (millions) 
Approximate average price per gallon of Nymex 
   No.  2 heating oil 

Percent of estimated future diesel fuel consumption covered 
   as of Dec. 31, 2004 

2005

36%

2004 
120 
157 

2003
286
374

$0.86 

$0.76

2006 

2007

4% 

--

Hedges are entered into periodically by competitive bid among selected counterparties; however, no 
hedges have been placed since May 2004.  The goal of this hedging strategy is to reduce the variability of 
fuel costs over an extended period of time while minimizing the incremental cost of hedging.  The 
program provides that NS will not enter into any fuel hedges with a duration of more than 36 months, and 
that no more than 80% of NS' average monthly fuel consumption will be hedged for each month within 
any 36-month period.  After taking into account the effect of the hedging, diesel fuel costs represented 8% 
of NS' operating expenses for the year ended Dec. 31, 2004, and 7% for each of the years ended Dec. 31, 
2003 and 2002. 

NS' fuel hedging activity resulted in decreases in diesel fuel expenses of $140 million, $59 million and 
$10 million for 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.  Ineffectiveness, or the extent to which changes in the 
fair value of the heating oil contracts do not offset changes in the fair values of the expected diesel fuel 
transactions, was approximately $5 million in 2004 and less than $1 million in both 2003 and 2002. 

Interest Rate Hedging 

NS manages its overall exposure to fluctuations in interest rates by issuing both fixed and floating-rate 
debt instruments, and by entering into interest rate hedging transactions.  NS had $151 million, or 2.2%, 
and $186 million, or 2.8%, of its fixed rate debt portfolio hedged as of Dec. 31, 2004, and Dec. 31, 2003, 
respectively, using interest rate swaps that qualify for and are designated as fair-value hedge transactions.  
NS’ interest rate hedging activity resulted in decreases in interest expenses of $6 million, $10 million and 
$9 million for 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively.  These swaps have been effective in hedging the 
changes in fair value of the related debt arising from changes in interest rates and, accordingly, there has 
been no impact on earnings resulting from ineffectiveness associated with these derivative transactions. 

Fair Values 

The fair values of NS' diesel fuel derivative instruments as of Dec. 31, 2004 and 2003, were determined 
based upon current fair market values as quoted by an independent third party.  Fair values of interest rate 
swaps were determined based upon the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the 
appropriate implied spot rate from the spot rate yield curve.  Fair value adjustments are noncash 

K71 

 
 
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
   
  
   
  
   
 
 
 
  
 
  
transactions and, accordingly, are excluded from the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows.  
“Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss),” a component of “Stockholders' equity,” included 
unrealized gains of $75 million (pretax) as of Dec. 31, 2004, and $40 million (pretax) as of Dec. 31, 2003, 
related to the fair value of derivative fuel hedging transactions that will terminate within twelve months of 
the respective dates.  Any future gain or loss actually realized will be based on the fair value of the 
derivative fuel hedges at the time of termination. 

The asset and liability positions of NS' outstanding derivative financial instruments were as follows: 

Interest rate hedges: 
   Gross fair market asset position 
   Gross fair market (liability) position 
Fuel hedges: 
   Gross fair market asset position 
   Gross fair market (liability) position 
      Total net asset (liability) position 

Dec. 31, 

2004 

2003 

($ in millions) 

$

$

9  $ 
-- 

81 
-- 
90  $ 

16
--

45
--
61

17.  Discontinued Operations - Motor Carrier 

On March 28, 1998, NS sold all the common stock of North American Van Lines, Inc.  (NAVL), its 
motor carrier subsidiary.  Results in 2003 include an additional after-tax gain of $10 million, or 3 cents 
per share (basic and diluted), that resulted from resolution of tax issues related to the transaction. 

18.  Commitments and Contingencies 

Lawsuits 

Norfolk Southern and certain subsidiaries are defendants in numerous lawsuits and other claims relating 
principally to railroad operations.  When management concludes that it is probable that a liability has 
been incurred and the amount of the liability can be reasonably estimated, it is accrued through a charge 
to earnings.  While the ultimate amount of liability incurred in any of these lawsuits and claims is 
dependent on future developments, in management's opinion, the recorded liability is adequate to cover 
the future payment of such liability and claims.  However, the final outcome of any of these lawsuits and 
claims cannot be predicted with certainty, and unfavorable or unexpected outcomes could result in 
additional accruals that could be significant to results of operations in a particular year or quarter.  Any 
adjustments to the recorded liability will be reflected in earnings in the periods in which such adjustments 
are known. 

Casualty Claims 

Casualty claims include employee personal injury and occupational claims as well as third-party claims.  
NS engages an independent consulting actuarial firm to aid in valuing its liability for personal injury, 
occupational and third-party claims.  Job-related accidental injury and occupational claims are subject to 
the Federal Employers’ Liability Act (FELA), which is applicable only to railroads.  FELA’s fault-based 
system produces results that are unpredictable and inconsistent as compared with a no-fault workers’ 
compensation system.  The variability inherent in this system could result in actual costs being very 

K72 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
  
 
 
different from the liability recorded.  While the ultimate amount of claims incurred is dependent on 
future developments, in management’s opinion, the recorded liability after considering applicable 
insurance coverage is adequate to cover the future payments of claims and is supported by the most recent 
actuarial study.  In all cases, NS records a liability when the expected loss for the claim is both probable 
and estimable. 

Employee personal injury claims – The largest component of casualties and other claims expense is 
employee personal injury costs.  The actuarial firm engaged by NS provides quarterly studies to aid in 
valuing its employee personal injury liability and estimating its employee personal injury expense.  The 
actuarial firm studies NS’ historical patterns of reserving for claims and subsequent settlements, taking 
into account relevant outside influences.  The actuary uses the results of these analyses to estimate the 
ultimate amount of the liability, which includes amounts for incurred but unasserted claims.  NS adjusts 
its liability to the actuarially determined amount on a quarterly basis.  The estimate of loss liabilities is 
subject to inherent limitation given the difficulty of predicting future events such as jury decisions, court 
interpretations or legislative changes and as such the actual emergence of loss may vary from the actuarial 
estimate. 

Occupational claims – Occupational claims (including asbestosis and other respiratory diseases, as well 
as repetitive motion) are often not caused by a specific accident or event but rather result from a claimed 
exposure over time.  Many such claims are being asserted by former or retired employees, some of whom 
have not been actively employed in the rail industry for decades.  The actuarial firm provides an estimate 
of the occupational claims liability based upon NS’ history of claim filings, severity, payments and other 
pertinent facts.  The liability is dependent upon management’s judgments made as to the specific case 
reserves as well as judgments of the consulting actuarial firm in the periodic studies.  The actuarial firm’s 
estimate of ultimate loss includes a provision for those claims that have been incurred but not reported by 
analyzing industry data and projecting NS’ experience into the future as far as can be reasonably 
determined.  NS adjusts its liability to the actuarially determined amount on a quarterly basis.  However, 
it is possible that the recorded liability may not be adequate to cover the future payment of claims.  
Adjustments to the recorded liability are reflected in operating expenses in the periods in which such 
adjustments become known. 

Third-party claims – NS records a liability for third-party claims including those for highway crossing 
accidents, trespasser and other injuries, automobile liability, property damage and lading damage.  The 
actuarial firm assists with the calculation of potential liability for third-party claims, except lading 
damage, based upon NS’ experience including number and timing of incidents, amount of payments, 
settlement rates, number of open claims and legal defenses.  The actuarial estimate includes a provision 
for claims that have been incurred but have not yet been reported.  Each quarter NS adjusts its liability to 
the actuarially determined amount.  Given the inherent uncertainty in the ultimate outcome of third-party 
claims, it is possible that future settlement costs may differ from the estimated liability recorded. 

Environmental Matters 

NS is subject to various jurisdictions' environmental laws and regulations.  It is NS' policy to record a 
liability where such liability or loss is probable and its amount can be estimated reasonably.  Claims, if 
any, against third parties for recovery of cleanup costs incurred by NS are reflected as receivables (when 
collection is probable) on the balance sheet and are not netted against the associated NS liability.  
Environmental engineers regularly participate in ongoing evaluations of all known sites and in 
determining any necessary adjustments to liability estimates.  NS also has established an Environmental 
Policy Council, composed of senior managers, to oversee and interpret its environmental policy. 

K73 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
NS' Consolidated Balance Sheets included liabilities for environmental exposures in the amount of 
$64 million at Dec. 31, 2004, and $25 million at Dec. 31, 2003 (of which $12 million was accounted for 
as a current liability at Dec. 31, 2004, and $8 million at Dec. 31, 2003).  The increase in the liability was 
the result of the Conrail Corporate Reorganization and relates to sites on the former PRR properties.  At 
Dec. 31, 2004, the liability represented NS' estimate of the probable cleanup and remediation costs based 
on available information at 210 known locations.  On that date, 15 sites accounted for $32 million of the 
liability, and no individual site was considered to be material.  NS anticipates that much of this liability 
will be paid out over five years; however, some costs will be paid out over a longer period. 

At some of the 210 locations, certain NS subsidiaries, usually in conjunction with a number of other 
parties, have been identified as potentially responsible parties by the Environmental Protection Agency 
(EPA) or similar state authorities under the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and 
Liability Act of 1980, or comparable state statutes, which often impose joint and several liability for 
cleanup costs. 

With respect to known environmental sites (whether identified by NS or by the EPA or comparable state 
authorities), estimates of NS' ultimate potential financial exposure for a given site or in the aggregate for 
all such sites are necessarily imprecise because of the widely varying costs of currently available 
cleanup techniques, the likely development of new cleanup technologies, the difficulty of determining in 
advance the nature and full extent of contamination and each potential participant's share of any 
estimated loss (and that participant's ability to bear it), and evolving statutory and regulatory standards 
governing liability. 

The risk of incurring environmental liability – for acts and omissions, past, present and future - is inherent 
in the railroad business.  Some of the commodities in NS' traffic mix, particularly those classified as 
hazardous materials, can pose special risks that NS and its subsidiaries work diligently to minimize.  In 
addition, several NS subsidiaries own, or have owned, land used as operating property, or which is leased 
and operated by others, or held for sale.  Because environmental problems may exist on these properties 
that are latent or undisclosed, there can be no assurance that NS will not incur environmental liabilities or 
costs with respect to one or more of them, the amount and materiality of which cannot be estimated 
reliably at this time.  Moreover, lawsuits and claims involving these and potentially other unidentified 
environmental sites and matters are likely to arise from time to time.  The resulting liabilities could have a 
significant effect on financial condition, results of operations or liquidity in a particular year or quarter. 

However, based on its assessment of the facts and circumstances now known, management believes 
that it has recorded the probable costs for dealing with those environmental matters of which the 
Corporation is aware.  Further, management believes that it is unlikely that any known matters, either 
individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on NS' financial position, results of 
operations or liquidity. 

Insurance 

NS obtains on behalf of itself and its subsidiaries commercial insurance for potential losses for third-party 
liability and first-party property damages.  Specified levels of risk are retained on a self-insurance basis 
(up to $25 million per occurrence for bodily injury and property damage to third parties and $12.5 million 
per occurrence for property owned by NS or in NS’ care, custody or control). 

K74 

 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
Purchase Commitments 

NSR had outstanding purchase commitments of approximately $121 million in connection with its 2005 
capital program.  In addition, Norfolk Southern has committed to purchase telecommunications services 
totaling $26 million through 2007. 

Change-In-Control Arrangements 

Norfolk Southern has compensation agreements with officers and certain key employees that become 
operative only upon a change in control of the Corporation, as defined in those agreements.  The 
agreements provide generally for payments based on compensation at the time of a covered individual's 
involuntary or other specified termination and for certain other benefits. 

Guarantees 

In a number of instances, NS and its subsidiaries have agreed to indemnify lenders for additional costs 
they may bear as a result of certain changes in laws or regulations applicable to their loans.  Such changes 
may include impositions or modifications with respect to taxes, duties, reserves, liquidity, capital 
adequacy, special deposits, and similar requirements relating to extensions of credit by, deposits with, or 
the assets or liabilities of such lenders.  Similar provisions exist in NS' accounts receivable sales program.  
The nature and timing of changes in laws or regulations applicable to NS' financings are inherently 
unpredictable, and therefore NS' exposure in connection with the foregoing indemnifications cannot be 
quantified.  No liability has been recorded related to these indemnifications.  In the case of one type of 
equipment financing, NSR's Japanese leveraged leases, NSR may terminate the leases and ancillary 
agreements if such a change-in-law indemnity is triggered.  Such a termination would require NSR to 
make early termination payments that would not be expected to have a material adverse effect on NS' 
financial condition, results of operations or liquidity. 

NS has indemnified parties in a number of transactions for U.S. income tax withholding imposed as a 
result of changes in U.S. tax law.  In all cases, NS has the right to unwind the related transaction if the 
withholding cannot be avoided in the future.  Because these indemnities would be triggered and are 
dependent upon a change in the tax law, the maximum exposure is not quantifiable.  Management does 
not believe that it is likely that it will be required to make any payments under these indemnities. 

NS has outstanding warranty liabilities primarily related to work performed at its locomotive facilities.  
NS has recorded a reserve of less than $1 million as of Dec. 31, 2004 and $1 million as of Dec. 31, 2003, 
for these warranties. 

As of Dec. 31, 2004, certain Norfolk Southern subsidiaries are contingently liable as guarantors with 
respect to $8 million of indebtedness of an entity in which they have an ownership interest, the Terminal 
Railroad Association of St. Louis, due in 2019.  Six other railroads are also jointly and severally liable as 
guarantors for this indebtedness.  No liability has been recorded related to this guaranty. 

Subsequent Event 

On Jan. 6, 2005, a derailment occurred in Graniteville, SC.  NS expects the first quarter of 2005 to reflect 
operating expenses related to this incident of between $30 million and $40 million (pretax).  The amount 
includes NS’ self-insured retention under its insurance policies, as well as other uninsured costs.  
Although potential losses may exceed self-insured retention amounts NS expects at this time, that 
insurance coverage is adequate to cover such potential claims or settlements.  This amount does not 
include any fines or penalties that could be imposed. 

K75 

 
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES 
QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA 

March 31 

Three Months Ended 
Sept.  30 

June 30 

Dec.  31 

(In millions of dollars, except per share amounts) 

2004 
Railway operating revenues 
Income from railway operations 
Net income 
Earnings per share: 
    Basic 
    Diluted 

2003 
Railway operating revenues 
Income from railway operations 
Income from continuing operations 
     before accounting changes 
Net income 
Earnings per share – basic and diluted: 
    Income from continuing operations 
         before accounting changes 
    Net income 

$

$
$

$

$
$

$

$
$

$

1,693 
346 
158 

0.40 
0.40 

1,561 
231 

85 
2092

$

$
$

$

1,813
425
213

0.55
0.54

1,633
298

137
137

$ 

$ 
$ 

$ 

1,857  
469  
2881 

0.731 
0.721 

1,598  
311  

137  
137  

1,949   
462   
264   

0.66   
0.65   

1,676   
2243   

523   
523   

0.22 
0.542

$
$

0.35
0.35

$
$

0.35  
0.35  

$ 
$ 

0.133   
0.133   

1 Includes a $53 million or 13 cents per share gain from the Conrail Corporate Reorganization (see  
  Note 2 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). 

2 Includes a $114 million, or 29 cents per share, increase related to required accounting changes (see 
  Note 1 to the Consolidated Financial Statements), and a $10 million, or 3 cents per share, gain from 
  discontinued operations (see Note 17 to the Consolidated Financial Statements). 

3 Includes a $107 million pretax charge for a voluntary separation program (see Note 11 to the 
  Consolidated Financial Statements), which reduced net income by $66 million or 17 cents per share. 
  Also includes an $84 million impairment charge (see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements), 
  which reduced net income by $53 million or 13 cents per share. 

K76 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. 

None. 

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures. 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

Norfolk Southern’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness 
of NS' disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under 
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of December 31, 2004.  Based 
on such evaluation, such officers have concluded that, as of December 31, 2004, NS' disclosure controls 
and procedures are effective in alerting them on a timely basis to material information relating to NS 
(including its consolidated subsidiaries) required to be included in NS' periodic filings under the 
Exchange Act. 

Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

The management of Norfolk Southern is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal 
control over financial reporting.  The Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting includes 
those policies and procedures that pertain to the Corporation’s ability to record, process, summarize and 
report reliable financial data.  Management recognizes that there are inherent limitations in the 
effectiveness of any internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of human error and 
the circumvention or overriding of internal control.  Accordingly, even effective internal control over 
financial reporting can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation.  
Further, because of changes in conditions, the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting 
may vary over time. 

In order to ensure that the Corporation’s  internal control over financial reporting is effective, 
management regularly assesses such controls and did so most recently for its financial reporting as of 
December 31, 2004.  This assessment was based on criteria for effective internal control over financial 
reporting set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) 
in Internal Control-Integrated Framework.  Based on our assessment, management has concluded that the 
Corporation maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004. 

The Board of Directors, acting through its Audit Committee, is responsible for the oversight of the 
Corporation's accounting policies, financial reporting and internal control.  The Audit Committee of the 
Board of Directors is comprised entirely of outside directors who are independent of management.  The 
independent registered public accounting firm and the internal auditors have full and unlimited access to 
the Audit Committee, with or without management, to discuss the adequacy of internal control over 
financial reporting, and any other matters which they believe should be brought to the attention of the 
Audit Committee. 

Norfolk Southern’s management has issued a report of its assessment of internal control over financial 
reporting, and Norfolk Southern’s independent registered public accounting firm has issued a report on 
this assessment.  These reports appear in Item II, Part 8 of this report on Form 10-K. 

During the fourth quarter of 2004, management has not identified any changes in NS' internal controls 
over financial reporting that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, NS’ 
internal controls over financial reporting. 

K77 

  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
PART III 

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (NS) 

Item 10.  Directors and Executive Officers of the Registrant. 

In accordance with General Instruction G(3), information called for by Item 10, Part III, is incorporated 
herein by reference from the information appearing under the caption “Election of Directors,” under the 
subcaptions “Committees” (including the information appearing under “Audit Committee”) and 
“Corporate Governance” under the caption “Board of Directors;” and under the caption “Section 16(a) 
Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in Norfolk Southern's definitive Proxy Statement, for the 
Norfolk Southern Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 12, 2005, which definitive Proxy 
Statement will be filed electronically with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A.  The information 
regarding executive officers called for by Item 401 of Regulation S-K is included in Part I hereof 
beginning under “Executive Officers of the Registrant.” 

Item 11.  Executive Compensation. 

In accordance with General Instruction G(3), information called for by Item 11, Part III, is incorporated 
herein by reference from the information appearing under the subcaption “Compensation” under the 
caption “Board of Directors” for directors and under the caption “Executive Compensation” for 
executives, including the information appearing in the “Summary Compensation Table” and under the 
subcaptions “Long-Term Incentive Plan” (including the three tables therein), “Pension Plans” (including 
the table therein), and “Change in Control Arrangements” in Norfolk Southern's definitive Proxy 
Statement, for the Norfolk Southern Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 12, 2005, which 
definitive Proxy Statement will be filed electronically with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A. 

Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 
Stockholder Matters. 

In accordance with General Instruction G(3), information called for by Item 12, Part III, is incorporated 
herein by reference from the information appearing under the caption “Beneficial Ownership of Stock” in 
Norfolk Southern's definitive Proxy Statement, for the Norfolk Southern Annual Meeting of Stockholders 
to be held on May 12, 2005, which definitive Proxy Statement will be filed electronically with the 
Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A. 

K78 

 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Equity Compensation Plan Information (as of Dec. 31, 2004) 

Number of 
securities 
to be issued upon 
exercise of 
outstanding options, 
  warrants and rights 

(a) 

Weighted-
average 
exercise price 
of outstanding 

  options, warrants 

and rights 
(b) 

  Number of securities 
remaining available 
for future issuance 
under equity 
compensation plans 
(excluding 
securities reflected 
in column (a)) 
(c) 

34,325,304  

23.14 4 

13,854,425 5 

5,123,563 3

39,448,867  

26.91 3 

23.66  

2,990,928 6 

16,845,353  

Plan 
category 

Equity compensation 
Plans approved by 
security holders1 

Equity compensation 
Plans not approved by 
security holders2 

   Total 

1     The Long-Term Incentive Plan, excluding five million shares for broad-based issuance to non-officers. 
2     The Long-Term Incentive Plan's five million shares for broad-based issuance to non-officers, the Thoroughbred 
          Stock Option Plan and the Directors' Restricted Stock Plan. 
3     Includes options and performance share units granted under the Long-Term Incentive Plan on 1,896,863 shares 
          for non-officers and options granted under the Thoroughbred Stock Option Plan. 
4     Calculated without regard to 2,592,000 outstanding performance share units. 
5     Of the shares remaining available for grant under plans approved by stockholders, 2,638,378 are available for grant 
          as restricted shares or performance shares under the Long-Term Incentive Plan. 
6     Of the shares remaining available for grant under plans not approved by stockholders, 39,000 are available for grant 
          as restricted stock under the Directors' Restricted Stock Plan. 

Norfolk Southern Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan (“LTIP”) 

Established on June 28, 1983, and approved by the stockholders at their Annual Meeting most recently on 
May 10, 2001, LTIP was adopted to promote the success of Norfolk Southern by providing an 
opportunity for officers and other key employees to acquire a proprietary interest in the Corporation.  On 
January 23, 2001, the Board of Directors approved the issuance of an additional 5,000,000 shares of 
authorized but unissued Common Stock under LTIP to participants who are not officers of Norfolk 
Southern.  The issuance of these shares was broadly-based, and stockholder approval of these shares was 
not required.  Accordingly, this portion of LTIP is included in the number of securities available for 
future issuance for plans not approved by stockholders.  Also on that date, the Board adopted an amended 
plan which included the reservation for issuance of an additional 30,000,000 shares of authorized but 
unissued Norfolk Southern Common Stock, with no more than 6 million of such additional shares to be 
awarded as restricted shares or performance shares (including performance share units earned as 
performance shares).  This amended plan was approved by stockholders on May 10, 2001. 

Non-employee directors, officers and other key employees residing in the United States or Canada are 
eligible for selection to receive LTIP awards.  Under LTIP, the Compensation Committee (Committee) 
may grant incentive stock options, nonqualified stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted shares 
and performance share units (in addition, dividend equivalents may be awarded for options and 

K79 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
performance share units).  The Committee may establish such terms and conditions for the awards as 
provided in the plan. 

For options, the option price per share will not be less than 100% of the fair market value of Norfolk 
Southern's Common Stock on the effective date the option is granted.  All options are subject to a vesting 
period of at least one year, and the term of the option will not exceed ten years.  LTIP specifically 
prohibits option repricing without stockholder approval, except for capital adjustments. 

Performance share units are performance-based awards which are earned upon achievement of goals the 
Committee establishes at the time of the grant for three equally weighted performance criteria approved 
by the stockholders -- return on average invested capital, operating ratio, and total return to NS 
stockholders as compared with the total return on all stocks comprising the S&P 500 Composite Stock 
Price Index -- and the units may be payable as shares of Norfolk Southern Common Stock or in cash. 

Norfolk Southern Corporation Thoroughbred Stock Option Plan 

The Board adopted the Norfolk Southern Corporation Thoroughbred Stock Option Plan (“TSOP”) on 
January 26, 1999, to promote the success of Norfolk Southern by providing an opportunity for 
nonagreement employees to acquire a proprietary interest in Norfolk Southern and thereby to provide an 
additional incentive to nonagreement employees to devote their maximum efforts and skills to the 
advancement, betterment, and prosperity of Norfolk Southern and its stockholders.  The plan has not been 
approved by stockholders.  Six million shares of authorized but unissued Common Stock were reserved 
for issuance under TSOP. 

Active full-time nonagreement employees residing in the United States or Canada are eligible for 
selection to receive TSOP awards.  Under TSOP, the Compensation Committee of the Board of 
Directors may grant nonqualified stock options and may establish such terms and conditions as 
provided in the plan. 

The option price per share will not be less than 100% of the fair market value of Norfolk Southern's 
Common Stock on the effective date the option is granted.  All options are subject to a vesting period of 
at least one year, and the term of the option will not exceed ten years.  TSOP specifically prohibits option 
repricing without stockholder approval, except for capital adjustments. 

Norfolk Southern Corporation Directors' Restricted Stock Plan 

The Norfolk Southern Corporation Directors' Restricted Stock Plan (“Plan”) was adopted on January 1, 
1994, and is designed to increase ownership of Norfolk Southern's Common Stock by its non-employee 
directors so as to further align their ownership interest in Norfolk Southern with that of stockholders.  The 
Plan has not been approved by stockholders.  Currently, a maximum of 66,000 shares of Corporation 
Common Stock may be granted under the Plan.  To make the grants to eligible directors, Norfolk 
Southern purchases, through one or more subsidiary companies, the number of shares required in open-
market transactions at prevailing market prices, or makes such grants from Common Stock already owned 
by one or more of Norfolk Southern's subsidiary companies. 

Only non-employee directors, who are not and never have been employees of Norfolk Southern, are 
eligible to participate in the Plan.  Upon becoming a director, each eligible director receives a one-time 
grant of 3,000 restricted shares of Norfolk Southern Common Stock.  No individual member of the Board 
exercises discretion concerning the eligibility of any director or the number of shares granted. 

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The restriction period begins on the date of the grant and ends on the earlier of death or six months after 
the eligible director ceases to be a director by reason of disability or retirement.  Directors will forfeit the 
right to receive the restricted shares if they cease to serve as a director of Norfolk Southern for reasons 
other than their disability, retirement or death. 

Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions. 

In accordance with General Instruction G(3), information called for by Item 13, Part III, is incorporated 
herein by reference from the information appearing under the caption “Certain Relationships and Related 
Transactions” in Norfolk Southern's definitive Proxy Statement, for the Norfolk Southern Annual 
Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 12, 2005, which definitive Proxy Statement will be filed 
electronically with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A. 

Item 14.  Principal Accountant Fees and Services. 

In accordance with General Instruction G(3), information called for by Item 14, Part III is incorporated 
herein by reference from the information appearing under the caption “Ratification of Appointment of 
Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in Norfolk Southern’s definitive Proxy Statement, for 
the Norfolk Southern Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on May 12, 2005, which definitive 
proxy statement will be filed electronically with the Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A. 

K81 

 
 
  
  
  
  
PART IV 

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (NS) 

Item 15.  Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedule and Reports on Form 8-K. 

Page 

(A) 

The following documents are filed as part of this report: 

1. 

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements 

K38 
Report of Management 
K39 
Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 
K42 
Consolidated Statements of Income, Years ended Dec.  31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 
Consolidated Balance Sheets As of Dec.  31, 2004 and 2003 
K43 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, Years ended Dec.  31, 2004, 2003 and 2002  K44 
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity, Years ended 
   Dec.  31, 2004, 2003 and 2002 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 

K45 
K46 

2. 

Financial Statement Schedule: 

The following consolidated financial statement schedule should be read in 
connection with the consolidated financial statements: 

Index to Consolidated Financial Statement Schedule 

Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts 

Page 

K92 

Schedules other than the one listed above are omitted either because they are not 
required or are inapplicable, or because the information is included in the 
consolidated financial statements or related notes. 

3. 

Exhibits 

Exhibit 
Number 

Description 

  3 

  3(i) 

  3(ii) 

Articles of Incorporation and Bylaws - 

The Restated Articles of Incorporation of Norfolk Southern Corporation are incorporated 
By reference to Exhibit 3(i) to Norfolk Southern Corporation's 10-K filed on March 5, 2001. 

The Bylaws of Norfolk Southern Corporation, as amended Jan. 25, 2005, are incorporated  
by reference to Exhibit 99 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on 
  Jan. 25, 2005. 

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4 

Instruments Defining the Rights of Security Holders, Including Indentures: 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

(d) 

(e) 

(f) 

(g) 

(h) 

(i) 

Indenture, dated as of January 15, 1991, from Norfolk Southern Corporation to First Trust 
of New York, National Association, as Trustee, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to 
Norfolk Southern Corporation's Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No.  33-38595). 

First Supplemental Indenture, dated May 19, 1997, between Norfolk Southern Corporation 
and First Trust of New York, National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance of 
notes in the principal amount of $4.3 billion, is incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 1.1(d) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on May 21, 1997. 

Second Supplemental Indenture, dated April 26, 1999, between Norfolk Southern 
Corporation and U.S.  Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance 
of notes in the principal amount of $400 million, is incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 1.1(c) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on April 30, 1999. 

Third Supplemental Indenture, dated May 23, 2000, between Norfolk Southern 
Corporation and U.S.  Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance 
of notes in the principal amount of $600 million, is incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 8-K filed on May 25, 2000. 

Fourth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of February 6, 2001, between Norfolk Southern 
Corporation and U.S.  Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance 
of notes in the principal amount of $1 billion, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 
4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 8-K filed on February 7, 2001. 

Fifth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 5, 2001, between Norfolk Southern 
Corporation and U.S.  Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, related to the issuance 
of notes in the principal amount of $250 million, is incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 8-K filed on July 5, 2001. 

Rights Agreement, dated as of September 26, 2000, between Norfolk Southern Corporation 
and The Bank of New York, with exhibits thereto, is incorporated herein 
by reference to Exhibit 4 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 8-K filed on 
September 26, 2000. 

Sixth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 30, 2002, between Norfolk Southern 
Corporation and U.S.  Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, relating to the issuance 
of notes in the principal amount of $200 million, is incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 8-K filed on May 1, 2002. 

Seventh Supplemental Indenture, dated as of April 30, 2002, between Norfolk Southern 
Corporation and U.S.  Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, relating to the issuance 
of notes in the principal amount of $100 million, is incorporated herein by reference to 
Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 8-K filed on May 1, 2002. 

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(j) 

(k) 

(l) 

(m) 

Amendment to Rights Agreement, dated as of November 26, 2002, between Norfolk 
Southern Corporation and The Bank of New York, with exhibits thereto, is incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 4 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 8-K filed on November 26, 
2002. 

Eighth Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 17, 2004, between Norfolk 
Southern Corporation and U.S. Bank Trust National Association, as Trustee, relating to the 
issuance of 5.257% Notes due 2014 (“Securities”) in the aggregate principal amount of 
$441.5 million in connection with Norfolk Southern Corporation’s offer to exchange the 
Securities and cash for up to $400 million of its outstanding 7.350% Notes due 2007, is 
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s 
Form 8-K filed on September 23, 2004. 

The Indenture, dated August 27, 2004, among PRR Newco, Inc., as Issuer, and Norfolk 
Southern Railway Company, as Guarantor, and The Bank of New York, as Trustee, is 
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4(l) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s 
Form 10-Q filed on October 28, 2004. 

The First Supplemental Indenture, dated August 27, 2004, among PRR Newco, Inc., as 
Issuer, and Norfolk Southern Railway Company, as Guarantor, and The Bank of New 
York, as Trustee, related to the issuance of notes in the principal amount of approximately 
$451.8 million, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4(m) to Norfolk Southern 
Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on October 28, 2004. 

In accordance with Item 601(b)(4)(iii) of Regulation S-K, copies of other instruments of 
Norfolk Southern Corporation and its subsidiaries with respect to the rights of holders of 
long-term debt are not filed herewith, or incorporated by reference, but will be furnished to 
the Commission upon request. 

10 

Material Contracts - 

(a) 

(b) 

(c) 

The Transaction Agreement, dated as of June 10, 1997, by and among CSX, CSX 
Transportation, Inc., Registrant, Norfolk Southern Railway Company, Conrail Inc., 
Consolidated Rail Corporation and CRR Holdings LLC, with certain schedules thereto, 
previously filed, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(a) to Norfolk Southern 
Corporation’s Form 10-K filed on February 24, 2003. 

Amendment No.  1, dated as of August 22, 1998, to the Transaction Agreement, dated as of 
June 10, 1997, by and among CSX Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., Norfolk 
Southern Corporation, Norfolk Southern Railway Company, Conrail Inc., Consolidated 
Rail Corporation and CRR Holdings LLC is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 
10.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 1999. 

Amendment No.  2, dated as of June 1, 1999, to the Transaction Agreement, dated June 10, 
1997, by and among CSX Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., Norfolk Southern 
Corporation, Norfolk Southern Railway Company, Conrail Inc., Consolidated Rail 
Corporation and CRR Holdings LLC is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10.2 
to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 1999. 

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(d) 

(e) 

(f) 

(g) 

(h) 

(i) 

(j) 

(k) 

Shared Assets Area Operating Agreement for North Jersey, dated as of June 1, 1999, by 
and among Consolidated Rail Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc.  and Norfolk 
Southern Railway Company, with exhibit thereto, is incorporated herein by reference from 
Exhibit 10.4 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 1999. 

Shared Assets Area Operating Agreement for South Jersey/ Philadelphia, dated as of June 
1, 1999, by and among Consolidated Rail Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc.  and 
Norfolk Southern Railway Company, with exhibit thereto, is incorporated herein by 
reference from Exhibit 10.5 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-Q filed on August 
11, 1999. 

Shared Assets Area Operating Agreement for Detroit, dated as of June 1, 1999, by and 
among Consolidated Rail Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc.  and Norfolk Southern 
Railway Company, with exhibit thereto, is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 
10.6 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 1999. 

Amendment No.  1, dated as of June 1, 2000, to the Shared Assets Areas Operating 
Agreement for North Jersey, South Jersey/Philadelphia and Detroit, dated as of June 1, 
1999, by and among Consolidated Rail Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc.  and 
Norfolk Southern Railway Company, with exhibit thereto, is incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10(h) to Norfolk Southern Corporation's 10-K filed on March 5, 2001. 

Amendment No.  2, dated as January 1, 2001, to the Shared Assets Area Operating 
Agreements for North Jersey, South Jersey/Philadelphia and Detroit, dated as of June 1, 
1999, by and among Consolidated Rail Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc.  and 
Norfolk Southern Railway Company, with exhibit thereto, is incorporated herein by 
reference to Exhibit 10(j) to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on February 
21, 2002. 

Amendment No.  3, dated as of June 1, 2001, and executed in May of 2002, to the Shared 
Assets Area Operating Agreement for North Jersey, South Jersey/Philadelphia and Detroit, 
dated as of June 1, 1999, by and among Consolidated Rail Corporation, CSX 
Transportation, Inc. and Norfolk Southern Railway Company, with exhibit thereto, is 
incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(k) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 
10-K filed on February 24, 2003. 

Monongahela Usage Agreement, dated as of June 1, 1999, by and among CSX 
Transportation, Inc., Norfolk Southern Railway Company, Pennsylvania Lines LLC and 
New York Central Lines LLC, with exhibit thereto, is incorporated herein by reference 
from Exhibit 10.7 to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-Q filed on August 11, 1999. 

The Agreement, entered into as of July 27, 1999, between North Carolina Railroad 
Company and Norfolk Southern Railway Company, is incorporated herein by reference 
from Exhibit 10(i) to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on March 6, 2000. 

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(l) 

The Supplementary Agreement, entered into as of January 1, 1987, between the Trustees of 
the Cincinnati Southern Railway and The Cincinnati, New Orleans and Texas Pacific 
Railway Company (the latter a wholly owned subsidiary of Norfolk Southern Railway 
Company) - extending and amending a Lease, dated as of October 11, 1881 - is 
incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10(k) to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-K 
filed on March 5, 2001. 

(m) 

The Norfolk Southern Corporation Executive Management Incentive Plan, effective 
January 25, 2000, is incorporated by reference herein from Exhibit 10(1) to Norfolk 
Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on March 6, 2000. 

(n) 

(o) 

(p) 

(q) 

(r) 

(s) 

(t) 

(u) 

The Norfolk Southern Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended effective 
January 28, 2003, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(p) to Norfolk Southern 
Corporation’s Form 10-K filed on February 24, 2003. 

The Norfolk Southern Corporation Officers' Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended 
effective September 26, 2000, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(n) to 
Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on March 5, 2001. 

The Norfolk Southern Corporation Executives' Deferred Compensation Plan, as amended 
effective January 20, 2001, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(o) to Norfolk 
Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on March 5, 2001. 

The Directors' Deferred Fee Plan of Norfolk Southern Corporation, as amended effective 
January 23, 2001, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(p) to Norfolk Southern 
Corporation's Form 10-K filed on March 5, 2001. 

The Norfolk Southern Corporation Directors' Restricted Stock Plan, effective January 1, 
1994, as restated November 24, 1998, is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 
10(h) to Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on March 24, 1999. 

Form of Severance Agreement, dated as of June 1, 1996, between Norfolk Southern 
Corporation and certain executive officers (including those defined as “named executive 
officers” and identified in the Corporation's Proxy Statement for the 1997 through 2001 
Annual Meetings of Stockholders) is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10(t) to 
Norfolk Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on February 21, 2002. 

Norfolk Southern Corporation Supplemental (formerly, Excess) Benefit Plan, effective as 
of August 22, 1999, is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10(r) to Norfolk 
Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on March 6, 2000. 

The Norfolk Southern Corporation Directors' Charitable Award Program, effective 
February 1, 1996, is incorporated herein by reference from Exhibit 10(v) to Norfolk 
Southern Corporation's Form 10-K filed on February 21, 2002. 

K86 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
(v) 

(w) 

(x) 

(y) 

(z) 

(aa) 

The Norfolk Southern Corporation Outside Directors' Deferred Stock Unit Program, as 
amended effective January 28, 2003, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(x) to 
Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-K filed on February 24, 2003. 

Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2001, providing enhanced pension benefits to three 
officers in exchange for their continued employment with Norfolk Southern Corporation 
for two years, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(w) to Norfolk Southern 
Corporation's Form 10-Q filed on November 9, 2001.  The agreement was entered into 
with L. Ike Prillaman, Vice Chairman and Chief Marketing Officer; Stephen C. Tobias, 
Vice Chairman and Chief Operating Officer; and Henry C. Wolf, Vice Chairman and Chief 
Financial Officer. 

The Norfolk Southern Corporation Thoroughbred Stock Option Plan, as amended effective 
January 28, 2003, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(z) to Norfolk Southern 
Corporation’s Form 10-K filed on February 24, 2003. 

The Norfolk Southern Corporation Restricted Stock Unit Plan, effective January 28, 2003, 
is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10(bb) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s 
Form 10-K filed on February 24, 2003. 

The Norfolk Southern Corporation Executive Life Insurance Plan, as amended, effective 
October 1, 2003, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10 to Norfolk Southern 
Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed on October 31, 2003. 

Amendment No. 3, dated as of June 1, 1999, and executed in April 2004, to the 
Transaction Agreement, dated June 10, 1997, by and among CSX Corporation, CSX 
Transportation, Inc., Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk Southern Railway Company, 
Conrail Inc., Consolidated Rail Corporation and CRR Holdings LLC, is incorporated 
herein by reference to Exhibit 10(dd) to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 10-Q filed 
on July 30, 2004. 

(bb)  Distribution Agreement, dated as of July 26, 2004, by and among CSX Corporation, CSX 

Transportation, Inc., CSX Rail Holding Corporation, CSX Northeast Holdings 
Corporation, Norfolk Southern Corporation, Norfolk Southern Railway Company, CRR 
Holdings LLC, Green Acquisition Corp., Conrail Inc., Consolidated Rail Corporation, New 
York Central Lines LLC, Pennsylvania Lines LLC, NYC Newco, Inc. and PRR Newco, 
Inc., is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s 
Form 8-K filed on September 2, 2004. 

(cc) 

(dd) 

Amendment No. 5 to the Transaction Agreement, dated as of August 27, 2004, by and 
among CSX Corporation, CSX Transportation, Inc., Norfolk Southern Corporation, 
Norfolk Southern Railway Company, Conrail Inc., Consolidated Rail Corporation and 
CRR Holdings LLC, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Norfolk 
Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on September 2, 2004. 

Tax Allocation Agreement, dated as of August 27, 2004, by and among Green Acquisition 
Corp., Conrail Inc., Consolidated Rail Corporation, New York Central Lines LLC and 
Pennsylvania Lines LLC, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Norfolk 
Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on September 2, 2004. 

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(ee) 

(ff) 

(gg) 

(hh) 

(ii) 

Credit Agreement dated as of August 31, 2004, between Norfolk Southern Corporation and 
various lenders, is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99 to Norfolk Southern 
Corporation’s Form 8-K/A filed on September 7, 2004. 

Form of 2005 Incentive Stock Option and Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement, as 
amended, under the Norfolk Southern Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated herein 
by reference to Exhibit 99 to Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on 
January 7, 2005. 

Form of 2005 Restricted Share Agreement, as amended, under the Norfolk Southern 
Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99 to 
Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on January 7, 2005. 

Form of 2005 Performance Share Unit Award, as amended, under the Norfolk Southern 
Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99 to 
Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on January 7, 2005. 

Form of 2005 Restricted Stock Unit Agreement, as amended, under the Norfolk Southern 
Corporation Restricted Stock Unit Plan is incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 99 to 
Norfolk Southern Corporation’s Form 8-K filed on January 7, 2005. 

12 

21 

23 

31 

32 

99 

Statement re: Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges. 

Subsidiaries of the Registrant. 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. 

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications. 

Section 1350 Certifications. 

Annual CEO Certification pursuant to NYSE Rule 303A.12(a). 

(B) 

Reports on Form 8-K. 

A report on Form 8-K was filed on November 23, 2004, advising that Performance-Based 
Compensation Committee of the Norfolk Southern Corporation Board of Directors 
approved the Form of 2005 Incentive Stock Option and Non-Qualified Stock Option 
Agreement, the Form of 2005 Restricted Share Agreement and Form of 2005 Performance 
Share Unit Award under the Norfolk Southern Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan and 
the Form of 2005 restricted Stock Unit Agreement under the Norfolk Southern Corporation 
Restricted Stock Unit Plan, and attaching each as exhibits. 

K88 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
A report on Form 8-K/A was filed on November 12, 2004, amending the Corporation’s 
Form 8-K previously filed on September 2, 2004, and describing the pro forma effects of 
the Conrail Corporate Reorganization on the Corporation’s financial statements and 
attaching as an exhibit the following financial statements for Pennsylvania Lines LLC and 
its subsidiaries:  Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended December 31, 
2003, 2002 and 2001; Consolidated Balance Sheets for the years ended December 31, 2003 
and 2002; and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 
2003, 2002 and 2001; Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. 

A report on Form 8-K was filed on October 22, 2004, advising of the Corporation’s review 
of the Surface Transportation Board’s decision in two pending rate cases brought by Duke 
Energy Corp. and Carolina Power & Light Company and attaching as an exhibit the related 
press release. 

A report on Form 8-K was furnished on October 20, 2004, advising of the Corporation’s 
third-quarter 2004 results and attaching as an exhibit the related press release, which 
included the following financial statements for the Corporation and its subsidiaries:  
Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) for the three and nine months ended 
September 30, 2004 and 2003; Consolidated Balance Sheets (Unaudited) for September 30, 
2004, and December 31, 2003; and Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) 
for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2003. 

A report on Form 8-K was filed October 1, 2004, advising that the Corporation had 
announced a series of senior-level executive and organizational changes approved by its 
Board of Directors, including the election of a President, and attaching as an exhibit the 
related press release. 

(C) 

Exhibits. 

The Exhibits required by Item 601 of Regulation S-K as listed in Item 15(A)3 are filed 
herewith or incorporated herein by references. 

(D) 

Financial Statement Schedules. 

Financial statement schedules and separate financial statements specified by this Item are 
included in Item 15(A)2 or are otherwise not required or are not applicable. 

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POWER OF ATTORNEY 

Each person whose signature appears below under “SIGNATURES” hereby authorizes Henry C. Wolf, 
James A. Hixon and James A. Squires or any one of them, to execute in the name of each such person, 
and to file, any amendment to this report and hereby appoints Henry C. Wolf, James A. Hixon and James 
A. Squires or any one of them, as attorneys-in-fact to sign on his or her behalf, individually and in each 
capacity stated below, and to file, any and all amendments to this report. 

SIGNATURES 

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Norfolk 
Southern Corporation has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto 
duly authorized, on this 28th day of February, 2005. 

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION 

By:  /s/ David R. Goode 
       (David R. Goode,  
        Chairman and Chief Executive Officer) 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below on 
this 28th day of February, 2005, by the following persons on behalf of Norfolk Southern Corporation and 
in the capacities indicated. 

Signature 

Title 

/s/ David R. Goode 
(David R. Goode) 

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer and Director 
(Principal Executive Officer) 

/s/ Charles W. Moorman 
(Charles W. Moorman) 

President and Director 

/s/ Henry C. Wolf 
(Henry C. Wolf) 

Vice Chairman and Chief Financial Officer 
(Principal Financial Officer) 

/s/ Marta R. Stewart 
(Marta R. Stewart) 

Vice President and Controller 
(Principal Accounting Officer) 

/s/ Gerald L. Baliles 
(Gerald L. Baliles) 

Director 

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/s/ Gene R. Carter 
(Gene R. Carter) 

/s/ Alston D. Correll 
(Alston D. Correll) 

/s/ Landon Hilliard 
(Landon Hilliard) 

/s/ Burton M. Joyce 
(Burton M. Joyce) 

/s/ Steven F. Leer 
(Steven F. Leer) 

/s/ Jane Margaret O’Brien 
(Jane Margaret O'Brien) 

/s/ Harold W. Pote 
(Harold W. Pote) 

/s/ J. Paul Reason 
(J. Paul Reason) 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

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Schedule II 

Norfolk Southern Corporation and Subsidiaries 
Valuation and Qualifying Accounts 
Years Ended December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004 
(In millions of dollars) 

Year ended December 31, 2002 
Valuation allowance (included 
net in deferred tax liability) for 
deferred tax assets 
Casualty and other claims 
included in other liabilities 
Current portion of casualty and 
other claims included in accounts 
payable 

Year ended December 31, 2003 
Valuation allowance (included 
net in deferred tax liability) for 
deferred tax assets 
Casualty and other claims 
included in other liabilities 
Current portion of casualty and 
other claims included in accounts 
payable 

Year ended December 31, 2004 
Valuation allowance (included 
net in deferred tax liability) for 
deferred tax assets 
Casualty and other claims 
included in other liabilities 
Current portion of casualty and 
other claims included in accounts 
payable 

Additions charged to: 

Beginning 
Balance 

Expenses 

Other 
Accounts 

Deductions 

Ending 
Balance 

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

18 

265 

192 

24 

254 

207 

22 

270 

218 

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

6 

119 

32 

-- 

134 

34 

-- 

112 

23 

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

--

91

1241

--

61

1251

--  

481

1241

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

--    

1393     

1414     

2 2   

1243     

1484     

1 2  

115 3  

143 4  

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

24 

254 

207 

22 

270 

218 

21 

315 

222 

1Includes revenue refunds and overcharges provided through deductions from operating revenues and 
  transfers from other accounts. 

  2Reclassifications to/from other assets. 

3Payments and reclassifications to/from accounts payable. 

4Payments and reclassifications to/from other liabilities. 

K92 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
EXHIBIT INDEX 

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES (NS) 

Electronic 
Submission 
Exhibit 
Number 

Description 

12 

21 

23 

31 

32  

99 

Statement re: Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges. 

Subsidiaries of Norfolk Southern Corporation. 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. 

Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certifications. 

Section 1350 Certifications. 

Annual CEO Certification pursuant to NYSE Rule 303A.12(a). 

Exhibits 23, 31, 32 and 99 are included; remaining exhibits are not included in copies assembled for 
public dissemination.  These exhibits are included in the 2004 Form 10-K posted on our website at 
www.nscorp.com under “Investors” and “SEC Filings” or you may request copies by writing to: 

Office of Corporate Secretary 
Norfolk Southern Corporation 
Three Commercial Place 
Norfolk, Virginia 23510-9219 

K93 

 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
Exhibit 23 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

The Board of Directors 
Norfolk Southern Corporation: 

We consent to the incorporation by reference in Registration Statements Nos. 33-52031, 
333-71321, 333-60722, 333-100936 and 333-109069 on Form S-8 and 333-119398 on Form S-3 
of Norfolk Southern Corporation of our reports dated February 28, 2005, with respect to the 
consolidated balance sheets of Norfolk Southern Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 
2004 and 2003, and the related consolidated statements of income, changes in stockholders’ 
equity and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended December 31, 2004, 
and the related financial statement schedule, management’s assessment of the effectiveness of 
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, and the effectiveness of 
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, which reports appear in the 
December 31, 2004, annual report on Form 10-K of Norfolk Southern Corporation.  Our report on 
the consolidated financial statements and related financial statement schedule refers to the 
adoption by Norfolk Southern Corporation of Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement 
No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations, and Financial Accounting Standards 
Board Interpretation No. 46, Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities. 

/s/ KPMG LLP 
Norfolk, Virginia 
February 28, 2005 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CERTIFICATIONS OF CEO AND CFO PURSUANT TO  
EXCHANGE ACT RULE 13a-14(a) OR RULE 15d-14(a) 

EXHIBIT 31 

I, David R. Goode, certify that: 

1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Norfolk Southern Corporation; 
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact 
or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances 
under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this 
report; 
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this 
report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash 
flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 
The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining 
disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and 
internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) 
for the registrant and have: 
a. 

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and 
procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating 
to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others 
within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; 
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over 
financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance 
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for 
external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; 
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and 
presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls 
and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; 
and 
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial 
reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s 
fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is 
reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial 
reporting; and  

b. 

c. 

d. 

The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation 
of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the 
registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): 
a. 

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal 
control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the 
registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and 
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have 
a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. 

b. 

Dated:  Feb. 28, 2005 

/s/ David R. Goode 
David R. Goode 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
I, Henry C. Wolf, certify that: 

1. 
2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Norfolk Southern Corporation; 
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact 
or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances 
under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this 
report; 
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this 
report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash 
flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 
The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining 
disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and 
internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) 
for the registrant and have: 
a. 

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and 
procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating 
to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others 
within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; 
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over 
financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance 
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for 
external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; 
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and 
presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls 
and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; 
and 
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial 
reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s 
fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is 
reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial 
reporting; and  

b. 

c. 

d. 

The registrant's other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation 
of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the 
registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): 
a. 

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal 
control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the 
registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and 
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have 
a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. 

b. 

Dated:  Feb. 28, 2005  

/s/ Henry C. Wolf 
Henry C. Wolf 
Vice Chairman and Chief Financial Officer 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 32 

CERTIFICATIONS OF CEO AND CFO REQUIRED BY RULE 13a-14(b) OR RULE 15d-14(b) AND 
SECTION 1350 OF CHAPTER 63 OF TITLE 18 OF THE U. S. CODE 

I certify, to the best of my knowledge, that the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended Dec. 31, 2004 of 
Norfolk Southern Corporation fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material 
respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Norfolk Southern Corporation. 

Signed: 

/s/ David R. Goode 
David R. Goode 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
Norfolk Southern Corporation 

Dated:  Feb. 28, 2005 

I certify, to the best of my knowledge, that the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended Dec. 31, 2004 of 
Norfolk Southern Corporation fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934 and that the information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material 
respects, the financial condition and results of operations of Norfolk Southern Corporation. 

Signed: 

/s/ Henry C. Wolf 
Henry C. Wolf 
Vice Chairman and Chief Financial Officer 
Norfolk Southern Corporation 

Dated:  Feb. 28, 2005 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EXHIBIT 99   

Annual CEO Certification pursuant to NYSE Rule 303A.12(a) 

Annual CEO Certification 
(Section 303A.12(a)) 

As the Chief Executive Officer of Norfolk Southern Corporation, and as required by Section 
303A.12(a) of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual, I hereby certify that as of 
the date hereof, I am not aware of any violation by the Company of NYSE’s Corporate 
Governance listing standards, other than has been notified to the Exchange pursuant to Section 
303A.12(b) and disclosed as an attachment hereto.* 

/s/ David R. Goode 

By: 
Print Name:  David R. Goode 
Title: 
Date: 

Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer 
May 24, 2004 

* No violations of the New York Stock Exchange corporate governance listing standards were 
identified in the attachment.  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
OUR VISION

Be the Safest,

most

Customer-Focused
Successful Transportation Company

and

in theWorld

OUR CREED
We are responsible to our stockholders,  
customers, employees and the communities we serve.

For all our constituencies, we will make safety our highest priority.

For  our  customers,  we  will  provide  quality  service,  always  trying   
to reduce our costs in order to offer competitive prices.

For our stockholders, we will strive to earn a return on their equity 
investment  that  will  increase  the  value  of   their  ownership.  By  generating 
a  reasonable  return  on  invested  capital,  we  will  provide  the  security  of   a 
financially strong company to our customers, employees, stockholders and 
communities.

For our employees, our greatest asset, we will provide fair and dignified  
treatment  with  equal  opportunity  at  every  level.  We  will  seek  a  talented, 
diverse work force and management with the highest standards of  honesty 
and fairness. 

For the communities we serve, we will be good corporate citizens,  
seeking to enhance their quality of  life through service, jobs, investment and 
the energies and good will of  our employees.