Novavax
Annual Report 2012

Plain-text annual report

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSIONWashington, D.C. 20549 Form 10-K xxANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012OR¨¨TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934For the transition period from to . Commission File No. 0-26770NOVAVAX, INC.(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware(State of incorporation)9920 Belward Campus Drive, Rockville, Maryland 20850(Address of principal executive offices)22-2816046(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (240) 268-2000 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:Title of each class Name of each exchange on which registeredCommon Stock, Par Value $0.01 per share The NASDAQ Global Select Market Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Not ApplicableIndicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ¨ No x Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes ¨ No x Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filingrequirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File requiredto be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period thatthe registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨ Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to thebest of the Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment tothis Form 10-K. x Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See thedefinitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): Large accelerated filer ¨Accelerated filer xNon-accelerated filer ¨(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)Smaller reporting company ¨ Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of the Registrant (based on the last reported sale price ofRegistrants common stock on June 29, 2012 on the NASDAQ Global Select Market) was $185,200,000. As of March 4, 2013, there were 147,944,817 shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding. Portions of the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement to be filed no later than 120 days after the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 in connection withthe Registrant’s 2013 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.  TABLE OF CONTENTS Page PART IItem 1.BUSINESS1Item 1A.RISK FACTORS13Item 2.PROPERTIES32Item 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS32Item 4MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES32 PART IIItem 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS33Item 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA35Item 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OFOPERATIONS35Item 7A.QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK49Item 8.FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA49Item 9.CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIALDISCLOSURE49Item 9A.CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES50Item 9B.OTHER INFORMATION51 PART IIIItem 10.DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE51Item 11.EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION51Item 12.SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATEDSTOCKHOLDER MATTERS51Item 13.CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE52Item 14.PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES52 PART IVItem 15.EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES52 When used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, except where the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “us,” “our,” “Novavax” and “theCompany” refer to Novavax, Inc. i PART I Item 1.BUSINESS This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Actthat involve risks and uncertainties. In some cases, forward-looking statements are identified by words such as “believe,” “anticipate,” “intend,”“plan,” “will,” “may” and similar expressions. You should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of thedate of this report. All of these forward-looking statements are based on information available to us at this time, and we assume no obligation toupdate any of these statements. Actual results could differ from those projected in these forward-looking statements as a result of many factors,including those identified in the section titled “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results ofOperations” and elsewhere. We urge you to review and consider the various disclosures made by us in this report, and those detailed from time totime in our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), that attempt to advise you of the risks and factors that may affect our futureresults. Program Overview Novavax, Inc. (“Novavax,” the “Company,” “we” or “us”) is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing recombinantprotein nanoparticle vaccines to address a broad range of infectious diseases. Our technology platform is based on proprietary recombinant vaccine technologythat includes virus-like particles (VLPs) and recombinant protein micelle vaccines. Our vaccine candidates are genetically engineered three-dimensionalnanostructures, which incorporate immunologically important recombinant proteins. Our product pipeline targets a variety of infectious diseases and ourvaccine candidates are currently in or have completed clinical trials that target seasonal influenza, pandemic (H5N1) influenza, and respiratory syncytialvirus (RSV). Further, CPL Biologics Private Limited (the JV), our joint venture company in India, is actively developing a number of vaccine candidates thatwere genetically engineered by Novavax; its seasonal and pandemic influenza candidates began Phase I clinical trials in 2012, and its rabies vaccine candidateis expected to begin a Phase I clinical trial in India in 2013. Influenza Vaccines We have significant experience developing recombinant VLP influenza vaccine candidates, including: ·eight clinical trials for our seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccine candidates; ·administering our seasonal and pandemic influenza VLPs (multiple distinct strains, including both influenza A and B and strains of avianand swine origin) to approximately 5,000 subjects demonstrating vaccine tolerability and immunogenicity; ·fifty (50) distinct batches of VLP vaccine produced under current good manufacturing practices (cGMP); and ·scaled up vaccine production to 1,000 liter single-use bioprocessing capacity. We believe our influenza VLP vaccines have potential immunological advantages over currently available products because our influenza VLPscontain three of the major structural virus proteins that are important for fighting influenza: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA), both of whichstimulate the body to produce antibodies that neutralize the influenza virus and prevent its spread through the cells in the respiratory tract, and matrix 1 (M1),which stimulates cytotoxic T lymphocytes to kill cells that may already be infected. Our VLPs are not made from live viruses and have no genetic nucleicmaterial in their inner core, which render them incapable of replicating and causing disease. Novavax’ insect cell culture based platform production technology, combined with single-use bioprocessing technology employed strategicallythroughout the manufacturing process, is a key strength. This distinctive combination of technology has advantages over traditional vaccine productionmethods that use chicken eggs or mammalian cells, including: (1) smaller facility footprint to achieve comparable yields to traditional egg-based ormammalian cell-based systems, (2) faster facility commissioning, (3) significantly lower capital expenditures on facility infrastructure, (4) competitive cost ofgoods and (5) the potential for advance seed production, which could provide a shorter lead time to produce commercial quantities of vaccine than egg-basedtechnology in the face of strain changes. 1 Our current influenza vaccine candidates, both seasonal and pandemic (H5N1), are being developed with a goal of seeking accelerated approval bythe U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research (FDA). The FDA has published criteria for granting acceleratedapproval of a Biologics License Application (BLA, the biologic equivalent to a New Drug Application or NDA) for a new seasonal influenza vaccine. FDAguidance allows developers to demonstrate results that meet or exceed certain specified endpoint criteria in their clinical trials; at the FDA’s discretion, suchvaccines may be granted a license to market prior to conducting a traditional efficacy clinical trial. In adult populations under 65 years of age, these criteriaare based on demonstration of seroconversion rates (the proportion of subjects with a four-fold rise in HAI titers or attaining titers of ≥1:40 from a negativebaseline) and seroprotection rates (the proportion of subjects with HAI titers ≥1:40 post-vaccination) that are ≥40% and ≥70%, respectively, at the lower of the95% confidence interval of the estimate. Accelerated approval may be available as long as there is a shortage of seasonal influenza vaccine relative to the totalpopulation recommended by the FDA’s Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices to receive the vaccine, a situation that persists. FDA expects thatdevelopers seeking accelerated approval of a BLA will diligently conduct post-marketing efficacy studies. Novavax continues to use and reference theseaccelerated approval seroconversion and seroprotection endpoints in developing its seasonal influenza vaccine candidates. FDA has articulated the sameimmunogenicity criteria for accelerated approval of vaccines that address potential pandemic influenza strains. Because controlled efficacy trials of pandemicvaccine candidates are not logistically or ethically possible, vaccine developers seeking accelerated approval of a pandemic vaccine candidate will be requiredto provide evidence that a seasonal vaccine made by the same manufacturing process is efficacious. Thus, the demonstration of efficacy with a seasonalvaccine product provides a key link between the seasonal and pandemic programs. Seasonal Influenza Vaccine The Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices of the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that all persons aged sixmonths and older should be vaccinated annually against seasonal influenza. In conjunction with this universal recommendation, attention from the 2009influenza A/H1N1 pandemic has increased public health awareness of the importance of seasonal influenza vaccination, the market for which is expected tocontinue to grow worldwide in both developed and developing global markets. In the coming years, many seasonal influenza vaccines are expected to be produced in a quadrivalent formulation (four influenza strains, twoinfluenza A strains and two influenza B strains), as opposed to the current trivalent formulation (two influenza A strains and one influenza B strain). Withtwo distinct lineages of influenza B viruses circulating, governmental health authorities have advocated for the addition of a second influenza B strain toprovide added coverage. Current estimates for seasonal influenza vaccines growth in the top seven markets (U.S., Japan, France, Germany, Italy, Spain andUK), show potential growth from the current market of approximately $3.6 billion to $4.7 billion over the next ten years1. Recombinant seasonal influenzavaccines, like the candidate we are developing, have an important advantage: once licensed for commercial sale, large quantities of vaccine can be quickly andcost-effectively manufactured without use of either the live influenza virus or eggs. Top-line data from our most recent Phase II clinical trial for our quadrivalent influenza vaccine candidate were announced in July 2012. In thatclinical trial, our quadrivalent VLP vaccine candidate demonstrated immunogenicity against all four viral strains based on HAI responses at day 21, and wasalso well-tolerated with no vaccine-related serious adverse events observed and had acceptable reactogenicity. Our vaccine candidate met the FDA acceleratedapproval seroprotection rates criterion for all four viral strains. The potential to fulfill the seroconversion rates criterion was demonstrated for three of the fourviral strains. The fourth strain, B/Brisbane/60/08, despite fulfilling the seroprotection criterion, failed to demonstrate a satisfactory seroconversion rate. Ouractivities with respect to our seasonal influenza vaccine candidate have been, and are, focused on identifying the manufacturing process to ensure consistentand enhanced immune responses in all strains. Over the last six months we’ve made significant progress and expect to finalize our manufacturing process bymid-year 2013. During the second half of 2013, we expect to begin manufacturing product for our next Phase II clinical trial. 1 Market Forecasts: Seasonal Influenza Vaccines. Datamonitor (2012) 2 Pandemic Influenza Vaccine Pandemic influenza refers to a situation where there is a significant disease outbreak in humans resulting from an influenza virus for which themajority of the population has little or no immunity. Pandemic influenza strains are a major concern to world health groups because such diseases can quicklyand easily spread worldwide and can cause serious illness or death before vaccines are available to limit the spread of the disease. There have been notoriousexamples of pandemic influenza crises; in 2009, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic of the H1N1 strain of influenza. In the aftermathof the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic, recognition of the potential devastation of a human influenza pandemic remains a key priority with both governmentalhealth authorities and influenza vaccine manufacturers. In the U.S. alone, the 2009 H1N1 pandemic led to the production of approximately 126 million dosesof monovalent (single strain) vaccine. Public health awareness and government preparedness for the “next” potential influenza pandemic is drivingdevelopment of vaccines that can be quickly manufactured against a potentially threatening influenza strain. Our own activities during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic have provided valuable experience in developing our current pandemic (H5N1) influenzavaccine program. During the H1N1 pandemic, we successfully demonstrated our ability to develop a vaccine by producing a first batch of non-cGMP H1N1vaccine that was made available to the CDC for analysis three (3) weeks after the genetic sequence was released, followed by manufacturing of our cGMPH1N1 vaccine eleven (11) weeks after the sequence release. Additionally, our H1N1 vaccine exceeded immunogenicity criteria for licensure at all dose levels,including the lowest 5µg dose. Thus, while H1N1 influenza is no longer a pandemic strain, and industry and health experts have focused on developingmonovalent H5N1 avian influenza vaccines as a potential key defense against the next pandemic threat, many of our H1N1 vaccine activities and results arereadily translatable to our current pandemic (H5N1) influenza vaccine development. During 2012, we made significant progress in the development of our pandemic (H5N1) influenza vaccine. In May 2012, we launched two Phase Iclinical trials of our H5N1 vaccine candidate in combination with two different adjuvants, both of which are designed to improve the immunogenicity ofvaccines at lower doses and thus provide antigen dose-sparing. These clinical trials evaluated the safety and tolerability of the vaccines and the ability of VLPvaccine antigens with and without adjuvants to generate antibody levels that fulfill the FDA’s criteria for accelerated approval, and the ability of these vaccinesto provide an expanded number of doses, with possible cross-protection against other virus strains to the U.S. population. In October 2012, we reportedpositive results from these clinical trials with top-line data demonstrating safety and immunogenicity of varying dose-levels of the vaccine, with and withoutadjuvant, and further demonstrating statistically significant robust adjuvant effects on immune response. Notably, our unadjuvanted vaccine candidateelicited HAI titers ≥ 40 in >82% of subjects at a dose of 45µg. This response would fulfill the FDA’s influenza criteria for accelerated approval of a BLA asfurther described under the heading “Influenza Vaccines” above. HHS BARDA Contract for Recombinant Influenza Vaccines The Department of Health and Human Services, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (HHS BARDA) awarded us a contractin February 2011 which funds the development of both our seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccine candidates. The contract, valued at $97 million for thefirst three-year base-period and $82 million for an HHS BARDA optional two-year period, is a cost-plus-fixed-fee contract in which HHS BARDA reimbursesus for allowable direct contract costs incurred plus allowable indirect costs and a fixed-fee earned in the ongoing clinical development and product scale-up ofour multivalent seasonal and monovalent pandemic (H5N1) influenza vaccines. We recognized revenue of approximately $20.1 million in 2012, and haverecognized approximately $34.8 million in revenue since the inception of the contract in 2011. In December 2012, HHS BARDA completed a contractually-defined In-Process Review (IPR) of our contract. This IPR was conducted by an inter-governmental-agency panel of experts from government agencies including HHS BARDA, FDA, CDC and the National Institutes of Health, who providedinput on our progress during the contract base-period and plans for further development, including both near-term process development and manufacturingactivities and longer-term clinical efforts. HHS BARDA subsequently notified us in January 2013 that the milestone decision had been made to continue tosupport our vaccine advanced development contract. 3 Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) RSV is a widespread disease that causes infections of the lower respiratory tract. While RSV affects persons of all ages, it acutely impacts infants,young children, the elderly, and others with compromised immune systems. A current study indicated that RSV is responsible for over 30 million new acutelower respiratory infection episodes and between 150,000 and 200,000 deaths in children under five years old.2 In the U.S., nearly all children become infectedwith RSV before they are two years old; it has been associated with 20% of hospitalizations and 15% of office visits for acute respiratory infection in youngchildren. WHO estimates that the global disease burden for RSV is 64 million cases. Because there is no approved prophylactic vaccine, the unmet need of anRSV vaccine has the potential to protect millions of patients from this far-reaching disease. We are developing a vaccine candidate to prevent RSV and are looking at susceptible target populations that include the elderly, young children, andnewborns who may receive protection through antibodies transferred from their mothers, who may be immunized during the last trimester of pregnancy. InOctober 2011, we announced the results of our first Phase I clinical trial to assess the safety and tolerability of our RSV vaccine candidate, and to evaluatetotal and neutralizing anti-RSV antibody responses and the impact of an aluminum phosphate adjuvant. Along with positive safety results, the antibodyresponse to the RSV F protein was significantly increased compared to placebo (p<0.001) in all doses groups and increased by 19-fold in the highest-doseadjuvant group at day 60. A significant dose-response pattern was observed with high rates of seroconversion at all doses including a rate of 100% at thehighest-dose-adjuvant group. In October 2012, we initiated two separate dose-ranging clinical trials, one in women of child bearing age, which initiates our goalof developing a vaccine for maternal immunization of pregnant women, and the other in elderly adults, which initiates our goal of developing a vaccine for theelderly. The first clinical trial is a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled Phase II clinical trial that will evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of two doselevels of our RSV vaccine candidate with and without an aluminum phosphate adjuvant, enrolling 330 women of childbearing age. The second clinical trial isa randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled Phase I clinical trial that will evaluate the safety and immunogenicity results of 220 enrolled adults, 60 years of ageand older, who received a single intramuscular injection of our RSV vaccine candidate (with and without an aluminum phosphate adjuvant) or placebo plus asingle dose of licensed influenza vaccine or placebo at days 0 and 28. Top-line results from both clinical trials are expected to be reported in the first half of2013. The design and timing of subsequent clinical trials will be determined after these data are analyzed. Our expected path forward in maternalimmunization would include a dose-confirmation clinical trial in women of child-bearing age. In parallel, and in consultation with the FDA, we would expect toinitiate a reproductive toxicology study to confirm the safety of our proposed formulation in advance of vaccinating pregnant women. For the elderly, the pathforward would likely be to design a Phase II clinical trial. Rabies Rabies is a disease that causes acute encephalitis, or swelling of the brain, in warm-blooded animals, including humans. The disease can betransmitted from one species of animal to another, such as from dogs to humans, most commonly by a bite from an infected animal. For humans, rabies leftuntreated is almost invariably fatal. WHO has estimated that the highest public health financial expenditure in any country is the cost of rabies post-exposureprophylaxis.3 In Asia and Africa, estimates show a combined 55,000 annual human deaths from endemic canine rabies, with annual treatment costsapproaching $600 million, although human deaths from rabies may be underreported in a number of countries, particularly in the youngest age groups. InIndia alone, 20,000 deaths are estimated to occur annually. Internal market data of vaccine manufacturers suggest that at the global level, ≥15 million peoplereceive rabies prophylaxis annually, the majority of whom live in China and India. It is estimated that in the absence of post-exposure prophylaxis, about327,000 persons would die from rabies in Asia and Africa each year. Marketed rabies vaccine is mostly used for post-exposure prophylaxis that requiresgenerally between four and five administrations of vaccine. Pre-exposure prophylaxis is recommended for anyone who will be at increased risk to the rabiesvirus, including travelers with extensive outdoor exposure in rural high-risk areas.4 2 Nair, H., et al., (2010) Lancet. 375:1545-15553 WHO Technical Report Series (2004)4 Yousaf, et al. Virology Journal (2012) 9:50 4 The JV is currently developing a rabies vaccine candidate that we genetically engineered. The JV expects to initiate a Phase I clinical trial in India in2013. The JV’s objective is to develop a recombinant vaccine that can be administered as a pre-exposure prophylaxis for residents of certain higher-riskgeographies, as well as travelers to such locations, and with the potential to provide post-exposure prophylaxis with fewer doses. Preliminary pre-clinicalresults indicate that this vaccine candidate may successfully prevent the rabies virus from entering the central nervous system and, thus, prevent death. Foot-and-Mouth Disease (FMD) In October 2011, we were awarded a $1.3 million contract with the U.S. Department of Homeland Security to fund the development of a VLPvaccine countermeasure to protect the U.S. from foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), a highly contagious viral disease of livestock and a potential threat to U.S.agriculture. The Company is using these funds to develop a Novavax recombinant VLP-based vaccine which, unlike current FMD vaccines, would notrequire the use of infectious FMD virus to be manufactured. If successful, this would address the potential risk of releasing infectious virus during vaccineproduction and stockpiling in the U.S. or other FMD-free countries. Vaccine Platform Technologies We believe that our platform technology offers time-saving advantages both in terms of production time against traditional egg-base vaccinemanufacturing, but also in terms of establishing a vaccine production facility (either as a new green-field project or through a retrofit of an existing facility).Currently approved influenza vaccines are typically produced by growing virus in chicken eggs, from which the virus is extracted and further processed.This 50-year-old egg-based production method requires four to six months of lead time for production of a new strain of virus and significant investment infixed production facilities. Moreover, there can be additional delays because manufacturers must modify the selected influenza virus strain in order for it to beproduced efficiently in the egg. The vaccine shortage during the 2004 influenza season (caused in part by a contamination issue at a facility in the UnitedKingdom) highlighted the limitations of current production methods and the need for increased vaccine manufacturing capacity. It also heightened concernsregarding manufacturers’ capacity to respond to a pandemic, when the number of vaccine doses required will be higher than the number required for seasonalinfluenza vaccines and manufacturing lead times will be even shorter. This concern was borne out again in the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic as, “despitean intensive effort to develop a pandemic vaccine, the 2009 H1N1 vaccine arrived too late to have a significant effect on the dynamics of the fall disease wave.”5 Compared with traditional vaccine production, we believe our processes allow for faster production of vaccine. Because our process uses geneticinformation and not the virus itself, we can quickly construct clones of the virus as soon as the genetic information is available. This factor alone can shortenthe time for creating new vaccine by several weeks compared to traditional egg-based manufacturing. Importantly, we also believe that a manufacturing facility that produces our vaccines can be implemented and validated in significantly less timethan traditional cell-based vaccine manufacturing facilities and without the costly containment features associated with handling live viruses. We produce ourvaccine candidates using a baculovirus expression system in insect cells with low-cost equipment that can be readily deployed both nationally andinternationally. By not requiring significant production batch sizes, production capacity can be employed quickly. We estimate the time to qualify a facilitythat utilizes our processes can be six to nine months faster than a fixed-pipe bioreactor facility used in cell-based manufacturing. Virus-Like Particles Our VLP vaccine technology platform is based on self-assembling protein structures that visually resemble viruses. However, these are non-infectious particles that, for many viral diseases, have been shown in animal studies and clinical trials to make effective vaccines. VLPs closely mimicnatural virus particles with repeating protein structures that can elicit broad and strong antibody and cellular immune responses, but lack the genetic materialrequired for replication. VLP technology is a proven technology that is employed in currently marketed products such as Merck’s Gardasil®. Our proprietaryVLPs are more advanced than earlier approaches and they include multiple proteins and lipids and can be tailored to induce robust and broad immuneresponses similar to natural infections. Our advanced VLP technology has the potential to develop vaccines for a wide range of human infectious diseaseswhere there are significant unmet medical needs, some of which have not been addressed by other technologies. We have used formal criteria based uponmedical need, technical feasibility and commercial value to select vaccine candidates for development. 5 BARDA Strategic Plan 2011-2016 (2010) 5 We believe that our influenza vaccines are designed to address many of the significant unmet needs related to seasonal and pandemic influenza. Thereare several points of differentiation of our influenza vaccines when compared to traditional egg-based, or new mammalian-based approaches that form thebasis to address unmet medical needs and capitalize on commercial opportunities. Our influenza VLPs contain components that provide a broad and robustimmune response. Specifically, the VLPs contain the viral components HA, NA and M1. Traditional egg-based vaccines contain meaningful levels of HA,but not of NA or M1. The HA sequence in our VLPs is the same as in the wild-type virus and could prove to be more effective/immunogenic than influenzavaccines produced using egg or mammalian cell-lines, which alter HA. In addition, the NA and M1 in our VLPs may play a role in reducing the severity ofthe disease by inducing antibody responses and cell mediated immunity. NA and M1 are both highly conserved, and immunity to these viral components mayhelp provide additional protection throughout an entire influenza season, even as strains mutate. Data from our seasonal influenza Phase IIa clinical trial inhealthy adults showed that 50 to 73% of the volunteers immunized with our VLP vaccine had a four-fold increase in the antibody that blocks NA activity.Finally, because of the VLP structure and components, they may have greater immunogenicity in two vulnerable populations – the pediatric and elderly. Recombinant Protein Micelle Vaccines Our recombinant protein micelle vaccine technology is also based on self-assembling protein structures, which differ from traditional VLPs in thatthese particles do not generally occur in nature and can be made from proteins from any pathogenic organism including viruses, bacteria, parasites or evencancer cells. Protein micelle nanoparticles closely resemble the natural structure of surface antigens of disease organisms, but lack the genetic material requiredfor replication and therefore are not infectious. An advantage of this technology is that the formation of nanoparticles is done in vitro thereby making itpossible to assemble nanoparticles from one or more highly purified proteins. This results in high purity vaccines with certain manufacturing advantages overmore traditional products. Potential immunological advantages of protein micelle vaccines are presentation of epitopes (antibody binding sites) in a more nativeconfiguration for improved efficacy, efficient recognition by the immune system’s antigen presenting cells (APCs) and triggering robust immune responses.Recognition of the nanoparticle vaccine’s repeating protein patterns by the APCs toll-like receptors to stimulate innate immunity and the high purity and lack ofsynthetic material adds to the potential safety of recombinant nanoparticle vaccines. Recombinant protein micelle vaccine technology has expanded our early-stage vaccines in development to include both virus and non-virus disease targets. Our most advanced recombinant protein micelle vaccine candidate is ourRSV fusion (F) protein vaccine candidate, which is manufactured from highly purified F protein. Competition in Influenza and RSV Vaccines The biopharmaceutical industry and the vaccine market are intensely competitive and are characterized by rapid technological progress. Ourtechnology is based upon utilizing the baculovirus expression system in insect cells to make VLPs and recombinant protein micelle vaccines. We believe thissystem offers many advantages when compared to other technologies and is uniquely suited for developing seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccines, as wellas other infectious diseases, including our vaccine candidate against RSV. There are a number of companies developing and selling vaccines for seasonal and pandemic influenza employing historic vaccine technology, aswell as new technologies. The table below provides a list of major vaccine competitors and corresponding licensed influenza vaccine technologies. Company Competing Technology DescriptionSanofi Pasteur, SA Inactivated sub-unit (egg-based)MedImmune, LLC (a subsidiary of AstraZeneca PLC) Nasal, live attenuated (egg-based)GlaxoSmithKline plc Inactivated split-vaccine (egg-based)Novartis, Inc. Inactivated sub-unit (cell and egg-based)Merck & Co., Inc. Inactivated sub-unit (egg-based)Protein Sciences Corporation Recombinant HA trivalent (insect cell-based) 6 There are many seasonal influenza vaccines currently approved and marketed, and most of these are marketed by major pharmaceutical companiesthat have significantly greater financial and technical resources, experience and expertise than we have. Competition in the sale of these seasonal influenzavaccines is intense. Therefore, newly developed and approved products must be differentiated from existing vaccines in order to have commercial success. Inorder to show differentiation in the seasonal influenza market, a product should be more efficacious and/or be less expensive and quicker to manufacture.Many of our competitors are working on new products and new generations of current products, some by adding an adjuvant that is used to increase theimmunogenicity of that product, each of which is intended to be more efficacious than currently marketed products. Another differentiating factor isrecombinant manufacturing, which we believe can be quicker and less-expensive than traditional egg-based manufacturing. In January 2013, the FDAapproved the first recombinant seasonal influenza vaccine called “Flublok” manufactured by Protein Sciences Corporation. Despite the significant competition and advancing technologies, some of which are similar to our own, we believe that our seasonal influenza productwill be as efficacious as, or more so than, current products or products being developed by our competitors, and that our manufacturing system providessavings in both time and money; however, there can be no guarantee that our seasonal influenza vaccine will prove to be efficacious or that our manufacturingsystem will prove to be sufficiently differentiated to ensure commercial success. Unlike influenza, there is no currently approved RSV vaccine for sale in the world; however, a number of vaccine manufacturers, academicinstitutions and other organizations currently have, or have had, programs to develop such a vaccine to prevent disease caused by RSV. In addition, manyother companies are developing products to prevent disease caused by RSV using a variety of technology platforms, including various viral vector technologiesand competitive virus-like particle technologies. Although early in clinical development, we believe that our RSV vaccine candidate, which utilizes recombinantF-protein antigens, could be more effective than RSV vaccine candidates in development by our competitors; however, such efficaciousness cannot beguaranteed. Although we aren’t aware of all our competitors efforts, we believe that MedImmune, a subsidiary of AstraZeneca PLC, has the most advancedRSV vaccine program, as it has reported testing in Phase I clinical trials, an intranasal, recombinant, live attenuated, RSV vaccine for the prevention of lowerrespiratory tract disease caused by RSV, as well as a combination intranasal vaccine for the prevention of several infant respiratory illnesses, including RSV. In general, competition among pharmaceutical products is based in part on product efficacy, safety, reliability, availability, price and patent position.An important factor is the relative timing of the market introduction of our products and our competitors’ products. Accordingly, the speed with which we candevelop products, complete the clinical trials and approval processes and supply commercial quantities of the products to the market is an importantcompetitive factor. Our competitive position also depends upon our ability to show differentiation with a product that is more efficacious, particularly in therelevant target populations and/or be less expensive and quicker to manufacture. It also depends upon our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel,obtain patent protection or otherwise develop proprietary products or processes and secure sufficient capital resources for the often substantial period betweentechnological conception and commercial sale. Patents and Proprietary Rights We generally seek patent protection for our technology and product candidates in the U.S. and abroad. The patent position of biopharmaceuticalfirms generally is highly uncertain and involves complex legal and factual questions. Our success will depend, in part, on whether we can: ·obtain patents to protect our own technologies and product candidates; ·obtain licenses to use the technologies of third-parties, which may be protected by patents; ·protect our trade secrets and know-how; and ·operate without infringing the intellectual property and proprietary rights of others. 7 Patent rights; licenses. We have intellectual property (patents, licenses, know-how) related to our vaccines, manufacturing process and othertechnologies. Currently, we have or have rights to over 100 U.S. patents and corresponding foreign patents and patent applications relating to vaccines andbiologics. Our core vaccine-related intellectual property extends beyond the year 2025. In July 2007, we entered into a non-exclusive license agreement with Wyeth Holdings Corporation, a subsidiary of Pfizer Inc. (Wyeth), to obtainrights to a family of patents and patent applications covering VLP technology for use in human vaccines in certain fields, with expected patent expiration inearly 2022. In July 2010, U.S. Patent No. 7,763,450 for Functional Influenza Virus-Like Particles was issued by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office. Thepatent covers, in part, the use of influenza gene sequences for high-yield production of consistent influenza VLP vaccines to protect against current and futureseasonal and pandemic strains of influenza viruses. In December 2011, European Patent No. 1644037 was issued by the European Patent Office covering thistechnology. In December 2011, U.S. Patent No. 8,080,255 for Functional Influenza Virus-Like Particles was issued by the U.S. Patent & Trademark Office.The patent covers, in part, a method of inducing substantial immunity to an influenza virus infection in a human and administering to the human a VLPcomprising M1, HA and NA proteins. The M1 protein is derived from a particular avian influenza strain, A/Indonesia/5/05. The Federal Technology Transfer Act of 1986 and related statutory guidance encourages the dissemination of science and technology innovation.While our recent contract with HHS BARDA provides us with the right to retain ownership in our inventions that may arise during performance of thatcontract, with respect to certain other collaborative research efforts with the U.S. government, certain developments and results that may have commercialpotential are to be freely published, not treated as confidential and we may be required to negotiate a license to developments and results in order tocommercialize products. There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully obtain any such license at a reasonable cost, or that such developmentand results will not be made available to our competitors on an exclusive or non-exclusive basis. Trade secrets. To a more limited extent, we rely on trade secret protection and confidentiality agreements to protect our interests. It is our policy torequire employees, consultants, contractors, manufacturers, collaborators and other advisors to execute confidentiality agreements upon the commencement ofemployment, consulting or collaborative relationships with us. We also require confidentiality agreements from any entity that is to receive confidentialinformation from us. With respect to employees, consultants and contractors, the agreements generally provide that all inventions made by the individualwhile rendering services to us shall be assigned to us as our property. Government Regulations The development, production and marketing of biological products, which included the vaccine candidates being developed by Novavax or ourcollaborators, are subject to regulation for safety, efficacy and quality by numerous governmental authorities in the U.S. and other countries. As a U.S. basedcompany, we focus on the U.S. regulatory process and the standards imposed by the FDA and other agencies because we believe, for the most part, meetingU.S. standards will allow us to meet other international standards and satisfy regulatory agencies in other countries where we intend to do business. In theU.S., the development, manufacturing and marketing of human pharmaceuticals and vaccines are subject to extensive regulation under the Federal Food,Drug, and Cosmetic Act, and biological products are subject to regulation under provisions of that Act and the Public Health Service Act. The FDA not onlyassesses the safety and efficacy of these products but it also regulates, among other things, the testing, manufacture, labeling, storage, record-keeping,advertising and promotion of such products. The process of obtaining FDA approval for a new vaccine is costly and time-consuming. Vaccine clinical development follows the same general regulatory pathway as drugs and other biologics. Before applying for FDA approval to marketany new vaccine candidate, we must first submit an investigational new drug application (IND) that explains to the FDA, among other things, the results ofpre-clinical testing conducted in laboratory animals, the method of manufacture, quality control tests for release and what we propose to do for human testing.At this stage, the FDA decides whether it is reasonably safe to move forward with testing the vaccine in humans. We must then conduct Phase I clinical trialsand larger-scale Phase II and III clinical trials that demonstrate the safety and efficacy of our vaccine candidate to the satisfaction of the FDA. Once these trialsare complete, a BLA can be filed with the FDA requesting approval of the vaccine for marketing based on the vaccine’s effectiveness and safety. 8 During the FDA’s review of a BLA, the proposed manufacturing facility undergoes a pre-approval inspection during which the FDA examines indetail the production of the vaccine as it is in progress. Vaccine approval also requires the provision of adequate product labeling to allow health care providersto understand the vaccine’s proper use, including its potential benefits and risks, to communicate with patients and parents, and to safely deliver the vaccineto the public. Until a vaccine is given to the general population, all potential adverse events cannot be anticipated. Thus, many vaccines are required by theFDA to undergo Phase IV confirmatory clinical trials after the BLA has been approved and the vaccine is on the market. The FDA continues to oversee the production of vaccines after the vaccine and the manufacturing processes are approved, in order to ensurecontinuing safety. For example, monitoring of the vaccine and of production activities, including periodic facility inspections, must continue as long as themanufacturer holds an approved BLA for the product. Manufacturers may also be required to submit to the FDA the results of their own tests for potency,safety and purity for each vaccine lot, if requested by the FDA. They may also be required to submit samples of each vaccine lot to the FDA for testing. In addition to obtaining FDA approval for each product, each domestic manufacturing establishment must be registered with the FDA, is subject toFDA inspection and must comply with cGMP regulations. To supply products for use either in the U.S. or outside the U.S., including clinical trials, U.S.and foreign manufacturing establishments, including third-party facilities, must comply with cGMP regulations and are subject to periodic inspection by theFDA or by corresponding regulatory agencies in their home country. The development process for a biological product, such as a vaccine, typically takes a long period of time to complete. Pre-clinical studies may takeseveral years to complete and there is no guarantee that the FDA will permit an IND to become effective and allow the product to advance to clinical testing.Clinical trials may take several years to complete. After the completion of the required phases of clinical trials, if the data indicate that the vaccine is safe andeffective, a BLA is filed with the FDA to approve the marketing and commercial shipment of the vaccine. This process takes substantial time and effort andthe FDA may not accept the BLA for filing. Even if filed and accepted, the FDA might not grant approval. FDA approval of a BLA may take up to two yearsand may take longer if substantial questions about the filing arise. The FDA may require post-marketing testing and surveillance to monitor the safety of theapplicable products. In 1992, the FDA instituted regulations that allow approval of certain products that treat serious or life-threatening illnesses and provide meaningfultherapeutic benefit over existing treatments based on a surrogate endpoint, versus a clinical outcome, which can take many more years to demonstrate.Surrogate endpoints, generally a laboratory measurement or other physical sign, can considerably shorten the time development time leading up to FDAapproval. The FDA bases its decision on whether to accept a proposed surrogate endpoint on the scientific support for that endpoint. The company developingthe product is required to conduct further studies to verify and describe its clinical benefit in Phase IV confirmatory clinical trials. Based on commentary fromthe FDA, we expect that our seasonal influenza vaccine candidate should qualify for accelerated approval using surrogate endpoints described in publishedFDA guidance documents. We would thus expect to perform Phase IV confirmatory clinical trials that will demonstrate the clinical benefit of our seasonalinfluenza vaccine candidate after the BLA is approved. However, there can be no guarantee that the FDA will grant accelerated approval of our seasonalinfluenza vaccine candidate. In addition to regulatory approvals that must be obtained in the U.S., an investigational product is also subject to regulatory approval in othercountries in which it is intended to be marketed. No such product can be marketed in a country until the regulatory authorities of that country have approvedan appropriate marketing application. FDA approval does not assure approval by other regulatory authorities. In addition, in many countries, the governmentis involved in the pricing of the product. In such cases, the pricing review period often begins after market approval is granted. 9 We are also subject to regulation under the Occupational Safety and Health Act, the Environmental Protection Act, the Toxic Substances Control Act,the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act and other present and potential federal, state or local regulations. These and other laws govern our use, handlingand disposal of various biological and chemical substances used in, and waste generated by our operations. Our research and development involves thecontrolled use of hazardous materials, chemicals and viruses. Although we believe that our safety procedures for handling and disposing of such materialscomply with the standards prescribed by state and federal regulations, the risk of accidental contamination or injury from these materials cannot be completelyeliminated. In the event of such an accident, we could be held liable for any damages that result and any such liability could exceed our resources.Additionally, for formulations containing controlled substances, we are subject to Drug Enforcement Act regulations. There have been a number of federal and state legislative changes made over the last few years regarding the pricing of pharmaceutical and biologicalproducts, government control and other changes to the healthcare system of the U.S. It is uncertain how such legislative changes will be adopted or whatactions federal, state or private payers for medical goods and services may take in response to such legislation. We cannot predict the effect such healthcarechanges will have on our business, and no assurance can be given that any such reforms will not have a material adverse effect. Manufacturing In November 2011, we announced that we had entered into a long-term lease arrangement to occupy 74,000 square feet of manufacturing, laboratoryand office space in two facilities in Gaithersburg, Maryland. The main facility, located at 20 Firstfield Road in Gaithersburg, Maryland, will become theprimary commercial-scale manufacturing facility for production of our vaccines in 2013, following modifications that were completed in late 2012 andvalidation occurring in 2013. Also in 2013, our corporate offices will relocate to the same campus at 22 Firstfield Road. Our current 10,000 square foot cGMP pilot facility produces clinical trial material at our current corporate headquarters in Rockville, Maryland.Construction for the pilot plant facility was completed in 2007, within 120 days of ground breaking. The total cost of the project, including demolition,construction and installation of laboratory and production equipment, was approximately $5 million. The facility had existing mechanical systems in placethat were not included in the total cost. We are currently considering our plans for the Rockville, Maryland facility subsequent to relocation to theGaithersburg, Maryland facilities. These plans may include remarketing the facility through the end of the remaining lease term of January 31, 2017. Sources of Supply Most of the raw materials and other supplies required in our business are generally available from various suppliers in quantities adequate to meetour needs. In some cases, we have only qualified one supplier for certain of our manufacturing components. Where feasible, we plan to seek qualification ofmultiple suppliers for all critical supplies before the time we would put any of our vaccine candidates into commercial production. Two of our major suppliersare GE Healthcare Company (GEHC), which supplies disposable components used in our manufacturing process, and Xcellerex, Inc., which was acquiredby GEHC in 2012, and which supplies our single-use bioreactor production system and related supplies. The vendors that supply our key manufacturingmaterials are or will be audited for compliance with cGMP standards based on a schedule of when such materials would be needed during our own cGMPbioprocessing efforts. Business Development We believe our proprietary vaccine technology affords us a range of traditional and non-traditional commercialization options that are broader thanthose of existing vaccine companies. We strive to create sustainable value by working to obtain non-dilutive funding for ultimately conducting Phase III clinicaltrials for both seasonal and pandemic influenza, to continue development of our vaccine candidates until such vaccines can be licensed on a regional basis, toretain commercial rights in major markets and generate product sales revenue and, in certain markets, to commercialize our products through partners andother strategic relationships. In addition to our aforementioned contract with HHS BARDA, some examples of our strategic relationships are our collaboration with GEHC, the JVwe established with Cadila Pharmaceuticals, Ltd. (Cadila), our licensing agreement with LG Life Sciences, Ltd. (LGLS) and, most recently, our clinicaldevelopment collaboration with PATH Vaccine Solutions (PATH). 10 Our relationship with GEHC started in December 2007, when we entered a co-marketing agreement for a pandemic influenza vaccine solution forselect international countries. The collaboration uses GEHC’s bioprocessing/manufacturing solutions and design expertise in conjunction with Novavax’ VLPmanufacturing platform. The JV, known as CPL Biologicals Private Limited, is owned 20% by us and 80% by Cadila. It was established in March 2009 to develop andmanufacture certain vaccine candidates, biogeneric products and diagnostic products for the territory of India. The JV operates a state-of-the-art manufacturingfacility for the production of influenza vaccine and other vaccine candidates. The JV is actively developing a number of vaccine candidates that weregenetically engineered by Novavax. The JV’s seasonal and pandemic influenza vaccine candidates began Phase I clinical trials in 2012. Also in 2012, the JVformed a new collaboration to develop a novel malaria vaccine in India with the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. The JV’srabies vaccine candidate is expected to begin a Phase I clinical trial in India in 2013. In February 2011, we entered into a license agreement with LGLS that allows LGLS to use our technology to develop and commercially sell ourinfluenza vaccines in South Korea and certain other emerging-market countries. LGLS received an exclusive license to our influenza VLP technology in SouthKorea and a non-exclusive license in the other specified countries. At its own cost, LGLS is responsible for funding its clinical development of the influenzaVLP vaccines and completing a manufacturing facility in South Korea. We received an upfront payment and may receive reimbursements of certaindevelopment and product costs, payments related to the achievement of certain milestones and royalty payments at a rate of 10% from LGLS’s futurecommercial sales of influenza VLP vaccines, which royalty rate is subject to reduction if certain timelines for regulatory licensure are not met. In July 2012, we entered into a clinical development agreement with PATH to develop our vaccine candidate to protect against RSV through maternalimmunization in low-resource countries (the RSV Collaboration Program). We were awarded approximately $2.0 million by PATH for initial funding under theagreement to partially support our Phase II dose-ranging clinical trial in women of childbearing age as described above. The agreement expires July 31, 2013,unless we and PATH decide to continue the RSV Collaboration Program. We retain global rights to commercialize the product and have made a commitment tomake the vaccine affordable and available in low-resource countries. To the extent PATH has continued to fund 50% of our external clinical development costsfor the RSV Collaboration Program, but we do not continue development, we would then grant PATH a fully-paid license to our RSV vaccine technology foruse in pregnant women in such low-resource countries. Employees As of March 4, 2013, we had 137 full-time employees, of whom 29 hold M.D. or Ph.D. degrees and 37 of whom hold other advanced degrees. Ofour total workforce, 109 are engaged primarily in research, development and manufacturing activities and 28 are engaged primarily in executive, businessdevelopment, finance and accounting, legal and administrative functions. None of our employees are represented by a labor union or covered by a collectivebargaining agreement and we consider our employee relations to be good. 11 Executive Officers Our executive officers hold office until the first meeting of the Board of Directors following the Annual Meeting of Stockholders and until theirsuccessors are duly chosen and qualified, or until they resign or are removed from office in accordance with our By-laws. The following table provides certain information with respect to our executive officers. NameAgePrincipal Occupation and Other Business ExperienceDuring the Past Five Years Stanley C. Erck64President and Chief Executive Officer and Director of Novavax since April 2011, formerly ExecutiveChairman since February 2010, and a Director since June 2009. From 2000 to 2008, Mr. Erck served as Presidentand Chief Executive Officer of Iomai Corporation, a developer of vaccines and immune system therapies, whichwas acquired in 2008 by Intercell AG. He also previously held leadership positions at Procept, a publicly tradedimmunology company, Integrated Genetics, now known as Genzyme and Baxter International. Mr. Erck alsoserves on the Board of Directors of BioCryst Pharmaceuticals, MaxCyte, Inc. and MdBio Foundation. Frederick W. Driscoll62Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of Novavax since August 2009. Prior to joining theCompany, Mr. Driscoll served as Chief Executive Officer of Genelabs Technologies, Inc. from September 2008 toJanuary 2009, as Interim Chief Executive Officer from February 2008 to August 2008 and as Chief FinancialOfficer from September 2007 to February 2008. Prior to that, from 2000 to 2006, Mr. Driscoll was employed byOXIGENE, Inc., where he served as President and Chief Executive Officer from 2002 to 2006. Gregory Glenn, M.D.59Senior Vice President, Chief Medical Officer of Novavax since January 2011. Senior Vice President and ChiefScientific Officer from July 2010 to January 2011. Prior to joining the Company, Dr. Glenn was the ChiefScientific Officer and founder of Iomai Corporation, which was acquired in 2008 by Intercell AG, an associate ininternational health at Johns Hopkins University’s School of Public Health and a clinical and basic researchscientist at Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Timothy J. Hahn, Ph.D.49Senior Vice President, Manufacturing and Process Development of Novavax since June 2011. Prior tojoining the Company, Dr. Hahn was Vice President of Antibody Manufacturing and later Vice President of VaccineManufacturing at MedImmune, LLC, with responsibilities for both U.S. and non-U.S. manufacturing sites. Dr.Hahn spent more than 15 years in vaccine manufacturing with Merck & Co. Russell P. Wilson53Senior Vice President, Business Development of Novavax since November 2011. Mr. Wilson was mostrecently the Chief Financial Officer at Supernus Pharmaceuticals beginning in 2009. He was previously SeniorVice President, Chief Financial Officer and General Counsel of Iomai Corporation, which was acquired in 2008by Intercell AG. He was the Acting General Counsel of North American Vaccine, Inc. until its acquisition byBaxter International in 2000. 12 Availability of Information Novavax was incorporated in 1987 under the laws of the State of Delaware. Our principal executive offices are located at 9920 Belward CampusDrive, Rockville, Maryland, 20850. Our telephone number is (240) 268-2000 and our website address is www.novavax.com. The contents of our website arenot part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We make available, free of charge and through our website, our Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports onForm 8-K, and any amendments to any such reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, asamended, as soon as reasonably practicable after filed with or furnished to the SEC. Item 1A.RISK FACTORS You should carefully consider the following risk factors in evaluating our business. There are a number of risk factors that could cause our actualresults to differ materially from those that are indicated by forward-looking statements. Some of the risks described relate principally to our business and theindustry in which we operate. Others relate principally to the securities market and ownership of our common stock. The risks and uncertainties describedbelow are not the only ones facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties that we are unaware of, or that we currently deem immaterial, also may becomeimportant factors that affect us. If any of the following risks occur, our business, financial condition or results of operations could be materially andadversely affected. You should also consider the other information included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. RISKS RELATED TO OUR BUSINESS We have a history of losses and our future profitability is uncertain. Our expenses have exceeded our revenue since our formation in 1987, and our accumulated deficit at December 31, 2012 was $358.2 million. Ourrevenue for the last three fiscal years was $22.1 million in 2012, $14.7 million in 2011 and $0.3 million in 2010. Prior to 2011, we recorded limited revenuefrom research contracts, licenses and agreements to provide vaccine candidates, services and technologies. We cannot be certain that we will be successful inentering into strategic alliances or collaborative arrangements with other companies and government agencies that will result in significant revenue to offset ourexpenses. Our net losses for the last three fiscal years were $28.5 million in 2012, $19.4 million in 2011 and $35.7 million in 2010. Our recent historical losses have predominantly resulted from research and development expenses for our vaccine candidates, manufacturing-relatedexpenses, costs related to protection of our intellectual property and for other general operating expenses. Our expenses have exceeded our revenue sinceinception. We believe our expenses will continue to increase, as a result of higher research and development efforts to support the development of our vaccinecandidates. Although certain specified costs associated with the development of our influenza vaccines may be reimbursed under the contract with HHSBARDA, nevertheless we expect to continue to incur significant operating expenses and anticipate that our losses will increase in the foreseeable future as weseek to: ·conduct clinical trials for RSV; ·conduct pre-clinical studies for other early-stage vaccine candidates; ·comply with the FDA’s manufacturing facility requirements; ·scale-up our manufacturing process for commercial-scale and cost-efficiency (not including technology transfer to our new manufacturingfacility in Gaithersburg, Maryland that may be partially reimbursed by HHS BARDA); and ·maintain, expand and protect our intellectual property portfolio. 13 As a result, we expect our cumulative operating losses to increase until such time, if ever, that product sales, licensing fees, royalties, milestones,contract research and other sources generate sufficient revenue to fund our operations. We cannot predict when, if ever, we might achieve profitability andcannot be certain that we will be able to sustain profitability, if achieved. We have limited financial resources and we are not certain that we will be able to maintain our current level of operations or be able tofund the further development of our vaccine candidates. We do not expect to generate revenue from product sales, licensing fees, royalties, milestones, contract research or other sources in an amountsufficient to fully fund our operations for the foreseeable future, and we will therefore use our cash resources and expect to require additional funds to maintainour operations, continue our research and development programs, commence future pre-clinical studies and clinical trials, seek regulatory approvals andmanufacture and market our products. We will seek such additional funds through public or private equity or debt financings, collaborative licensing anddevelopment arrangements, non-dilutive government contracts and grants and other sources. While we continue to apply for contracts or grants from academicinstitutions, non-profits and governmental entities, there are no assurances that we would be successful. We cannot be certain that adequate additional fundingwill be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all. If we cannot raise the additional funds required for our anticipated operations, we may be required to delaysignificantly, reduce the scope of or eliminate one or more of our research or development programs, downsize our general and administrative infrastructure, orseek alternative measures to avoid insolvency, including arrangements with collaborative partners or others that may require us to relinquish rights to certainof our technologies or vaccine candidates. If we raise additional funds through future offerings of shares of our common stock or other securities, suchofferings would cause dilution of current stockholders’ percentage ownership in the Company, which could be substantial. Future offerings also could have amaterial and adverse effect on the price of our common stock. Capital and credit market conditions may adversely affect our access to capital, cost of capital and ability to execute our business plan asscheduled. Access to capital markets is critical to our ability to operate. Traditionally, biopharmaceutical companies have funded their research and developmentexpenditures through raising capital in the equity markets. Declines and uncertainties in these markets in the past have severely restricted raising new capitaland have affected companies’ ability to continue to expand or fund existing research and development efforts. We require significant capital for research anddevelopment for our vaccine candidates and clinical trials. The general economic and capital market conditions, both in the U.S. and worldwide, have beenvolatile in the past and at times have adversely affected our access to capital and increased the cost of capital. There is no certainty that the capital and creditmarkets will be available to raise additional capital on favorable terms. If economic conditions become worse, our future cost of equity or debt capital andaccess to the capital markets could be adversely affected. In addition, our inability to access the capital markets on favorable terms due to our low stock price,could affect our ability to execute our business plan as scheduled. Moreover, we rely and intend to rely on third-parties, including our clinical researchorganizations and certain other important vendors and consultants. As a result of the global economic situation, there may be a disruption or delay in theperformance of our third-party contractors and suppliers. If such third-parties are unable to adequately satisfy their contractual commitments to us in a timelymanner, our business could be adversely affected. Even with the HHS BARDA contract award, we may not be able to fully fund our influenza programs. The HHS BARDA contract is a cost-plus-fixed-fee contract that only reimburses certain specified activities that have been previously authorized byHHS BARDA. There is no guarantee that additional activities will not be needed and, if so, that HHS BARDA will reimburse us for these activities.Additionally, we have no experience meeting the significant requirements of a federal government contractor, which includes having appropriate accounting,project tracking and earned-value management systems implemented and operational, and we may not be able to meet these requirements in a timely way or atall. Performance under the HHS BARDA contract requires that we comply with appropriate regulations and operational mandates, with which we haveminimal or no operational experience. Our ability to be regularly and fully reimbursed for our activities will depend on our ability to comply and demonstratecompliance with such requirements. 14 The HHS BARDA contract award does not guarantee that we will be successful in future clinical trials, that the vaccine candidates willbe licensed by the FDA, or that the contract award will continue to be available throughout the contract period. The HHS BARDA contract provides a cost-plus-fixed-fee reimbursement opportunity for certain specified clinical and development activities, but weremain fully responsible for conducting these activities. The award of the HHS BARDA contract does not guarantee that any of these activities will besuccessful. Our inability to be successful with certain key clinical or development activities could jeopardize our ability to get FDA licensure to sell ourvaccines. HHS BARDA could decide to potentially delay certain of our activities, and we may elect to move forward with certain activities at our ownrisk and without HHS BARDA reimbursement. Under the HHS BARDA contract, HHS BARDA regularly reviews our development efforts and clinical activities. Under certain circumstances,HHS BARDA may advise us to delay certain activities and invest additional time and resources before proceeding. If we follow such HHS BARDA advice,overall program delays and costs associated with additional resources for which we had not planned may result. Also, the costs associated with following suchadvice may or may not be reimbursed by HHS BARDA under our contract. Finally, we may decide not to follow the advice provided by HHS BARDA andinstead pursue activities that we believe are in the best interest of the program and of the Company, even if HHS BARDA would not reimburse us under ourcontract. We may not meet the milestones of our contract with HHS BARDA during the contract period and HHS BARDA may elect not to extendthe contract period for us to meet these milestones. The HHS BARDA contract anticipates that we file BLAs for licensure of both a seasonal influenza vaccine and a pandemic influenza vaccine;however, the contract is for a base-period of three years plus an option-period of two additional years, and there is no guarantee that we will successfullycomplete all of the tasks required to file these BLAs during the anticipated contract period. For example, while we have made significant progress during thelast six months in addressing our goal of consistent and enhanced immune responses in all strains of our seasonal influenza vaccine candidate, includingB/Brisbane/60/08, and expect to finalize our manufacturing process by mid-year 2013, there is no guarantee that we will meet this timeframe, or that we willever be successful in having all the strains meet the immunogenicity criteria for accelerated approval by the FDA. The inability to meet such timeframes andgoals could cause delays in our influenza vaccine candidate programs. HHS BARDA may decide not to extend our contract beyond the three-year base-period for a two-year option period. The HHS BARDA contract anticipates a three-year base-period followed by an optional two-year period. Depending on how we perform during thebase-period, HHS BARDA will decide whether or not to extend the contract to include the option period. Although we believe that, based on our progress to dateand the activities that we have planned in the future, HHS BARDA will want to extend the contract, there can be no guarantee that HHS BARDA will decide toextend our contract to an option period. Our expectation that our seasonal influenza vaccine candidate will be granted accelerated approval by the FDA is not guaranteed and ifwe don’t get accelerated approval, development of this vaccine will take longer and cost significantly more prior to BLA approval. FDA regulations allow for the accelerated approval of a seasonal influenza vaccine based on surrogate endpoint criteria for products that treat seriousdiseases and fill an unmet medical need, which can allow developers to obtain licensure well ahead of the timeline for demonstrating clinical results in atraditional efficacy trial. There is no guarantee the FDA will view the development of our seasonal influenza vaccine as meeting an unmet medical need, nor isthere any guarantee the FDA will agree to our proposal for utilizing our surrogate endpoints as a basis for BLA approval. If our seasonal influenza vaccinedoes not receive accelerated approval from the FDA, it is likely that we will need to conduct larger and more expensive efficacy clinical trials and that licensureof our seasonal vaccine will be materially delayed for a year or more, assuming such licensure occurs at all. 15 Our expectation that our pandemic influenza vaccine candidate will be granted accelerated approval by the FDA is not guaranteed and ifwe don’t get accelerated approval, development of this vaccine will take longer and cost significantly more prior to BLA approval. As is the case with seasonal influenza, FDA has articulated the immunogenicity criteria for accelerated approval of vaccines that address potentialpandemic influenza strains. Because a controlled efficacy clinical trial of a pandemic vaccine candidate is not logistically or ethically possible, acceleratedapproval will require evidence that a seasonal vaccine made by the same manufacturing process as the pandemic vaccine is efficacious. There is no guaranteethe FDA will view the development of our seasonal influenza vaccine as meeting an unmet medical need, nor is there any guarantee the FDA will agree to ourproposal for utilizing our surrogate endpoints as a basis for BLA approval. If our seasonal influenza vaccine does not get accelerated approval from the FDA,it is likely that we will need to conduct larger and more expensive efficacy clinical trials and that licensure of our seasonal vaccine will be materially delayedfor a year or more, assuming such licensure occurs at all. Our collaborations with regional partners, such as Cadila, LGLS, and PATH, as well as contracts with international providers, expose usto additional risks associated with doing business outside the U.S., and any adverse event could have a material negative impact on ouroperations. We have formed a joint venture with Cadila in India, entered into a license agreement with LGLS in South Korea, a clinical development agreementwith PATH and have entered into other agreements and arrangements with companies in other countries. We plan to continue to enter into collaborations orpartnerships with companies, non-profit organizations and local governments in other parts of the world. Risks of conducting business outside the U.S.include: ·multiple regulatory requirements could affect our ability to develop, manufacture and sell products in such local markets; ·compliance with anti-bribery laws such as the United States Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar anti-bribery laws in otherjurisdictions; ·trade protections measures and import and export licensing requirements; ·different labor regulations; ·changes in environmental, health and safety laws; ·exchange rates; ·potentially negative consequences from changes in or interpretations of tax laws; ·political instability and actual or anticipated military or potential conflicts; ·economic instability, inflation, recession and interest rate fluctuations; ·minimal or diminished protection of intellectual property in some countries; and ·possible nationalization and expropriation. These risks, individually or in the aggregate, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial conditions, results of operations andcash flows. Current or future regional relationships may hinder our ability to engage in larger transactions. We have entered into regional collaborations to develop our vaccine candidates in certain parts of the world, and we may enter into additional regionalcollaborations. Our relationships with Cadila, LGLS, and PATH are examples of these regional relationships. These relationships are likely to involve thelicensing of our technology to our partner or entering into a distribution agreement, frequently on an exclusive basis. Generally, these exclusive agreements arerestricted to certain territories. Because we have entered into exclusive license and distribution agreements, larger companies may not be interested, or able, toenter into collaborations with us on a worldwide-scale. Also, these regional relationships may make us an unattractive target for an acquisition. 16 We are a biopharmaceutical company and face significant risk in developing, manufacturing and commercializing our products. We focus our research and development activities on vaccines, an area in which we have particular strengths and a technology that appearspromising. The outcome of any research and development program is highly uncertain. Only a small fraction of biopharmaceutical development programsultimately result in commercial products or even product candidates and a number of events could delay our development efforts and negatively impact ourability to obtain regulatory approval for, and to manufacture, market and sell, a vaccine. Vaccine candidates that initially appear promising often fail to yieldsuccessful products. In many cases, pre-clinical studies or clinical trials will show that a product candidate is not efficacious or that it raises safety concernsor has other side effects that outweigh its intended benefit. Success in pre-clinical or early clinical trials may not translate into success in large-scale clinicaltrials. Further, success in clinical trials will likely lead to increased investment, accelerating cumulative losses to bring such products to market. Even ifclinical trial results appear positive, regulatory approval may not be obtained if the FDA does not agree with our interpretation of the results and we may facechallenges when scaling-up the production process to commercial levels. Even after a product is approved and launched, general usage or post-marketingclinical trials may identify safety or other previously unknown problems with the product, which may result in regulatory approvals being suspended, limitedto narrow indications or revoked, which may otherwise prevent successful commercialization. Intense competition in the vaccine industry could also limit thesuccessful commercialization of our products. Many of our competitors have significantly greater resources and experience, which may negatively impact our commercial opportunitiesand those of our current and future licensees. The biotechnology and pharmaceutical industries are subject to intense competition and rapid and significant technological change. We have manypotential competitors, including major pharmaceutical companies, specialized biotechnology firms, academic institutions, government agencies and privateand public research institutions. Many of our competitors have significantly greater financial and technical resources, experience and expertise in: ·research and development; ·pre-clinical testing; ·designing and implementing clinical trials; ·regulatory processes and approvals; ·production and manufacturing; and ·sales and marketing of approved products. Principal competitive factors in our industry include: ·the quality and breadth of an organization’s technology; ·management of the organization and the execution of the organization’s strategy; ·the skill and experience of an organization’s employees and its ability to recruit and retain skilled and experienced employees; ·an organization’s intellectual property portfolio; ·the range of capabilities, from target identification and validation to drug discovery and development to manufacturing and marketing; and ·the availability of substantial capital resources to fund discovery, development and commercialization activities. 17 Large and established companies such as Merck & Co., Inc., GlaxoSmithKline plc, Novartis, Inc., Sanofi Pasteur, SA, Pfizer Inc. andMedImmune, LLC (a subsidiary of AstraZeneca PLC), among others, compete in the vaccine market. In particular, these companies have greater experienceand expertise in securing government contracts and grants to support their research and development efforts, conducting testing and clinical trials, obtainingregulatory approvals to market products, manufacturing such products on a broad scale and marketing approved products. There are many seasonal influenza vaccines currently approved and marketed. Competition in the sale of these seasonal influenza vaccines isintense. Therefore, newly developed and approved products must be differentiated from existing vaccines in order to have commercial success. In order toshow differentiation in the seasonal influenza market, a product must be more efficacious, particularly in older adults, and/or be less expensive and quicker tomanufacture. Many of our competitors are working on new products and new generations of current products, each of which is intended to be more efficaciousthan products currently being marketed. Our seasonal influenza vaccine candidate may not prove to be more efficacious than current products or productsunder development by our competitors. Further, our manufacturing system may not provide enough savings of time or money to provide the requireddifferentiation for commercial success. We are also aware that there are multiple companies with active RSV vaccine programs at various stages of development. Thus, while there is noRSV vaccine currently on the market, there is likely to be significant and consistent competition as these active programs mature. Different RSV vaccines maywork better for different segments of the population, so it may be difficult for a single RSV vaccine manufacturer to provide a vaccine that is marketable tomultiple segments of the population. Geographic markets are also likely to vary significantly which may make it difficult to market a single RSV vaccineworldwide. Even if a manufacturer brings an RSV vaccine to license, it is likely that competitors will continue to work on new products that could be moreefficacious and/or less-expensive. Our RSV vaccine candidate may not be as far along in development as other active RSV vaccine programs, nor asefficacious as products under development by competing companies. Smaller or early-stage companies and research institutions may also prove to be significant competitors, particularly through collaborativearrangements with large and established pharmaceutical companies. As these companies develop their technologies, they may develop proprietary positions,which may prevent or limit our product development and commercialization efforts. We will also face competition from these parties in recruiting and retainingqualified scientific and management personnel, establishing clinical trial sites and subject registration for clinical trials and in acquiring and in-licensingtechnologies and products complementary to our programs or potentially advantageous to our business. If any of our competitors succeed in obtainingapproval from the FDA or other regulatory authorities for their products sooner than we do or for products that are more effective or less costly than ours, ourcommercial opportunity could be significantly reduced. In order to effectively compete, we will have to make substantial investments in development, testing, manufacturing and sales and marketing orpartner with one or more established companies. There is no assurance that we will be successful in gaining significant market share for any vaccine. Ourtechnologies and vaccines also may be rendered obsolete or non-competitive as a result of products introduced by our competitors to the marketplace morerapidly and at a lower cost. If we are unable to attract or retain key management or other personnel, we may experience delays in product development. We depend on our senior executive officers, as well as key scientific and other personnel. The loss of these individuals could harm our business andsignificantly delay or prevent the achievement of research, development or business objectives. We have had several turnover situations in key executivepositions and the lack of management continuity and resulting lack of long-term history with our Company along with the learning curve that executivesexperience when they join our management team could result in operational and administrative inefficiencies and added costs. If we were to experienceadditional turnover at the executive level, these risks would be exacerbated. We may not be able to attract qualified individuals for other key management or other personnel positions on terms acceptable to us. Competition forqualified employees is intense among pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, and the loss of qualified employees, or an inability to attract, retain andmotivate additional highly skilled employees required for the expansion of our activities, could hinder our ability to complete clinical trials successfully anddevelop marketable products. 18 We also rely from time to time on outside advisors who assist us in formulating our research and development and clinical strategy. We may not beable to attract and retain these individuals on acceptable terms, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results ofoperations. We may have product liability exposure. The administration of drugs or vaccines to humans, whether in clinical trials or after marketing clearances are obtained, can result in productliability claims. We maintain product liability insurance coverage in the total amount of $20 million aggregate for all claims arising from the use of products inclinical trials prior to FDA approval. Coverage is relatively expensive, and the market pricing can significantly fluctuate. Therefore, we may not be able tomaintain insurance at a reasonable cost. There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain our existing insurance coverage or obtain coverage for theuse of our other products in the future. This insurance coverage and our resources may not be sufficient to satisfy all liabilities resulting from product liabilityclaims. A successful claim may prevent us from obtaining adequate product liability insurance in the future on commercially desirable items, if at all. Even ifa claim is not successful, defending such a claim would be time-consuming and expensive, may damage our reputation in the marketplace and would likelydivert management’s attention. Regardless of merit or eventual outcome, liability claims may result in: ·decreased demand for our products; ·impairment of our business reputation; ·withdrawal of clinical trial participants; ·costs of related litigation; ·substantial monetary awards to subjects or other claimants; ·loss of revenue; and ·inability to commercialize our vaccine candidates. We may not be able to win government, academic institution or non-profit contracts or grants. From time to time, we may apply for contracts or grants from academic institutions, government agencies and non-profit entities. Such contracts orgrants can be highly attractive because they provide capital to fund the ongoing development of our technologies and vaccine candidates without diluting ourstockholders. However, there is often significant competition for these contracts or grants. Entities offering contracts or grants may have requirements to applyfor or to otherwise be eligible to receive certain contracts or grants that our competitors may be able to satisfy that we cannot. In addition, such entities maymake arbitrary decisions as to whether to offer contracts or make grants, to whom the contracts or grants will be awarded and the size of the contracts orgrants to each awardee. Even if we are able to satisfy the award requirements, there is no guarantee that we will be a successful awardee. Therefore, we may notbe able to win any contracts or grants in a timely manner, if at all. Raising additional capital by issuing securities or through collaboration and licensing arrangements may cause dilution to existingstockholders or require us to relinquish rights to our technologies or vaccine candidates. If we are unable to partner with a third-party to advance the development of one or more of our vaccine candidates, we will need to raise moneythrough additional debt or equity financings. To the extent that we raise additional capital by issuing equity securities, our stockholders will experienceimmediate dilution, which may be significant. There is also a risk that such equity issuances may cause an ownership change under the Internal RevenueCode of 1986, as amended, and similar state provisions, thus limiting our ability to use our net operating loss carryforwards and credits. To the extent thatwe raise additional capital through licensing arrangements or arrangements with collaborative partners, we may be required to relinquish, on terms that maynot be favorable to us, rights to some of our technologies or vaccine candidates that we would otherwise seek to develop or commercialize ourselves. Inaddition, current economic conditions may also negatively affect the desire or ability of potential collaborators to enter into transactions with us. They mayalso have to delay or cancel research and development projects or reduce their overall budgets. 19 PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT RISKS Because our vaccine product development efforts depend on new and rapidly evolving technologies, we cannot be certain that our effortswill be successful. Our vaccine development efforts depend on new, rapidly evolving technologies and on the marketability and profitability of our products.Commercialization of our vaccines could fail for a variety of reasons, and include the possibility that: ·our recombinant nanoparticle vaccine technologies, any or all of the products based on such technologies or our proprietary manufacturingprocess will be ineffective or unsafe, or otherwise fail to receive necessary regulatory clearances or commercial viability; ·we are unable to scale-up our manufacturing capabilities in a cost-effective manner; ·the products, if safe and effective, will be difficult to manufacture on a large-scale or uneconomical to market; ·our manufacturing facility will fail to continue to pass regulatory inspections; ·proprietary rights of third-parties will prevent us or our collaborators from exploiting technologies, and manufacturing or marketingproducts; and ·third-party competitors will gain greater market share due to superior products or marketing capabilities. We have not completed the development of vaccine products and we may not succeed in obtaining the FDA approval necessary to sell suchvaccine products. The development, manufacture and marketing of our pharmaceutical and biological products are subject to government regulation in the U.S. andother countries. In the U.S. and most foreign countries, we must complete rigorous pre-clinical testing and extensive clinical trials that demonstrate the safetyand efficacy of a product in order to apply for regulatory approval to market the product. None of our vaccine candidates have yet gained regulatory approvalin the U.S. or elsewhere. We also have vaccine candidates in clinical trials and pre-clinical laboratory or animal studies. The steps required by the FDA before our proposed investigational products may be marketed in the U.S. include: ·performance of pre-clinical (animal and laboratory) tests; ·submissions to the FDA of an IND, which must become effective before clinical trials may commence; ·performance of adequate and well-controlled clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of the investigational product in the intendedtarget population; ·performance of a consistent and reproducible manufacturing process intended for commercial use, including appropriate manufacturingdata and regulatory inspections; ·submission to the FDA of a BLA or a NDA; and ·FDA approval of the BLA or NDA before any commercial sale or shipment of the product. 20 The processes are expensive and can take many years to complete, and we may not be able to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of our vaccinecandidates to the satisfaction of regulatory authorities. The start of clinical trials can be delayed or take longer than anticipated for many and varied reasons,many of which are out of our control. Safety concerns may emerge that could lengthen the ongoing clinical trials or require additional clinical trials to beconducted. Promising results in early clinical trials may not be replicated in subsequent clinical trials. Regulatory authorities may also require additionaltesting, and we may be required to demonstrate that our proposed products represent an improved form of treatment over existing therapies, which we may beunable to do without conducting further clinical trials. Moreover, if the FDA or a foreign regulatory body grants regulatory approval of a product, the approvalmay be limited to specific indications or limited with respect to its distribution. Expanded or additional indications for approved products may not beapproved, which could limit our revenue. Foreign regulatory authorities may apply similar limitations or may refuse to grant any approval. Consequently,even if we believe that pre-clinical and clinical data are sufficient to support regulatory approval for our vaccine candidates, the FDA and foreign regulatoryauthorities may not ultimately grant approval for commercial sale in any jurisdiction. If our vaccine candidates are not approved, our ability to generaterevenue will be limited and our business will be adversely affected. If we are unable to manufacture our vaccines in sufficient quantities, at sufficient yields or are unable to obtain regulatory approvals fora manufacturing facility for our vaccines, we may experience delays in product development, clinical trials, regulatory approval and commercialdistribution. Completion of our clinical trials and commercialization of our vaccine candidates require access to, or development of, facilities to manufacture ourvaccine candidates at sufficient yields and at commercial-scale. We have limited experience manufacturing any of our vaccine candidates in the volumes thatwill be necessary to support large-scale clinical trials or commercial sales. Efforts to establish these capabilities may not meet initial expectations as toscheduling, scale-up, reproducibility, yield, purity, cost, potency or quality. If we are unable to manufacture our vaccine candidates in clinical quantities or, when necessary, in commercial quantities and at sufficient yields,then we must rely on third-parties. Other third-party manufacturers must also receive FDA approval before they can produce clinical material or commercialproducts. Our vaccines may be in competition with other products for access to these facilities and may be subject to delays in manufacture if third-partiesgive other products greater priority. We may not be able to enter into any necessary third-party manufacturing arrangements on acceptable terms, or on a timelybasis. In addition, we have to enter into technical transfer agreements and share our know-how with the third-party manufacturers, which can be time-consuming and may result in delays. Influenza vaccines are seasonal in nature. If a vaccine is not available early enough in the influenza season, we would likely have difficulty sellingthe vaccine. Further, pandemic outbreaks present only short-term opportunities for us. There is no way to predict when there will be a pandemic outbreak, thestrain of the influenza or how long the pandemic will last. For these reasons, any delay in the delivery of an influenza vaccine could result in lower salesvolumes, lower sale prices, or no sales. Because the strain of the seasonal influenza changes annually, inventory of seasonal vaccine cannot be sold during asubsequent influenza season. Any delay in the manufacture of our influenza vaccines could adversely affect our ability to sell the vaccines. Our reliance on contract manufacturers may adversely affect our operations or result in unforeseen delays or other problems beyond our control.Because of contractual restraints and the limited number of third-party manufacturers with the expertise, required regulatory approvals and facilities tomanufacture our bulk vaccines on a commercial-scale, replacement of a manufacturer may be expensive and time-consuming and may cause interruptions inthe production of our vaccine. A third-party manufacturer may also encounter difficulties in production. These problems may include: ·difficulties with production costs, scale-up and yields; ·availability of raw materials and supplies; ·quality control and assurance; ·shortages of qualified personnel; ·compliance with strictly enforced federal, state and foreign regulations that vary in each country where product might be sold; and ·lack of capital funding. As a result, any delay or interruption could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 21 Our new manufacturing facility may not be available during 2013, which may impede or delay our ability to manufacture one or morevaccine candidates for subsequent clinical trials or obtain BLA for such vaccines. Although our new manufacturing facility in Gaithersburg, Maryland, designed to manufacture Phase III vaccine candidates under our influenzaprogram, has completed refurbishment, the new facility requires relocation of equipment from our Belward facility and new equipment and validation in orderto begin manufacturing. This work is expected to be completed in 2013; however, there are risks associated with bringing such a facility online, that includebut are not limited to contractor issues and delays, licensing and permitting delays or rejections, limitations and delays on the installation of new or custom-ordered equipment, issues associated with validating equipment, processes or other aspects of insuring cGMP manufacturing and delays associated withmoving equipment from our current facility to the new facility. Even if we meet all the scheduled activities associated with bringing the new facility online,there are many aspects of the project that rely on third party contractors and subcontractors, and there can be no guarantee that they will meet expectedtimeframes. We may not utilize our current manufacturing facility, and if so, we may not be able to defray the lease payments and operating expensesof that facility. With our new manufacturing facility in Gaithersburg, Maryland, we have the opportunity to relocate from our current facility in Rockville,Maryland. We do not yet know whether and to what extent we may need to utilize some portion of the Rockville facility after we move. The expenses of leasingtwo manufacturing facilities are significant and while we have structured our new facility arrangement to limit our financial exposure over the next year, weplan to sublease all or a portion of the Rockville facility prior to the end of our lease on January 31, 2017. However, there is no guarantee that we will be able todefray the expense of leasing two manufacturing facilities long-term. Subleasing the Rockville facility may prove difficult and even if we do so, the subleasepayments may not fully cover our lease payments and operating expenses. We must identify vaccines for development with our technologies and establish successful third-party relationships. The near and long-term viability of our vaccine candidates will depend in part on our ability to successfully establish new strategic collaborationswith pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, non-profit organizations and government agencies. Establishing strategic collaborations and obtaininggovernment funding is difficult and time-consuming. Potential collaborators may reject collaborations based upon their assessment of our financial, regulatoryor intellectual property position or based on their internal pipeline; government agencies may reject contract or grant applications based on their assessment ofpublic need, the public interest, our products’ ability to address these areas, or other reasons beyond our expectations or control. If we fail to establish asufficient number of collaborations or government relationships on acceptable terms, we may not be able to commercialize our vaccine candidates or generatesufficient revenue to fund further research and development efforts. Even if we establish new collaborations or obtain government funding, these relationships may never result in the successful development orcommercialization of any vaccine candidates for several reasons, including the fact that: ·we may not have the ability to control the activities of our partner and cannot provide assurance that they will fulfill their obligations to us,including with respect to the license, development and commercialization of vaccine candidates, in a timely manner or at all; ·such partners may not devote sufficient resources to our vaccine candidates or properly maintain or defend our intellectual property rights; ·any failure on the part of our partners to perform or satisfy their obligations to us could lead to delays in the development orcommercialization of our vaccine candidates and affect our ability to realize product revenue; and 22 ·disagreements, including disputes over the ownership of technology developed with such collaborators, could result in litigation, whichwould be time-consuming and expensive, and may delay or terminate research and development efforts, regulatory approvals andcommercialization activities. Our collaborators will be subject to the same regulatory approval of their manufacturing facility and process as Novavax. Before we could begincommercial manufacturing of any of our vaccine candidates, we and our collaborators must pass a pre-approval inspection before FDA approval and complywith the FDA’s cGMP. If our collaborators fail to comply with these requirements, our vaccine candidates would not be approved. If our collaborators fail tocomply with these requirements after approval, we would be subject to possible regulatory action and may be limited in the jurisdictions in which we arepermitted to sell our products. If we or our collaborators fail to maintain our existing agreements or in the event we fail to establish agreements as necessary, we could be required toundertake research, development, manufacturing and commercialization activities solely at our own expense. These activities would significantly increase ourcapital requirements and, given our lack of sales, marketing and distribution capabilities, significantly delay the commercialization of our vaccine candidates. Because we depend on third-parties to conduct some of our laboratory testing, clinical trials, and manufacturing, we may encounterdelays in or lose some control over our efforts to develop products. We are dependent on third-party research organizations to conduct some of our laboratory testing, clinical trials and manufacturing activities. If weare unable to obtain any necessary services on acceptable terms, we may not complete our product development efforts in a timely manner. We may lose somecontrol over these activities and become too dependent upon these parties. These third-parties may not complete testing or manufacturing activities on schedule,within budget, or when we request. We may not be able to secure and maintain suitable research organizations to conduct our laboratory testing, clinical trialsand manufacturing activities. We have not manufactured any of our vaccine candidates at a commercial level and may need to identify additional third-partymanufacturers to scale-up and manufacture our products. We are responsible for confirming that each of our clinical trials is conducted in accordance with its general investigational plan and protocol.Moreover, the FDA and foreign regulatory agencies require us to comply with regulations and standards, commonly referred to as good clinical practices, forconducting, recording and reporting the results of clinical trials to assure that data and reported results are credible and accurate and that the clinical trialparticipants are adequately protected. The FDA and foreign regulatory agencies also require us to comply with good manufacturing practices. Our reliance onthird-parties does not relieve us of these responsibilities and requirements. These third-parties may not successfully carry out their contractual duties orregulatory obligations or meet expected deadlines. In addition, these third-parties may need to be replaced or the quality or accuracy of the data they obtain maybe compromised or the product they manufacture may be contaminated due to the failure to adhere to our clinical and manufacturing protocols, regulatoryrequirements or for other reasons. In any such event, our pre-clinical development activities or clinical trials may be extended, delayed, suspended orterminated, and we may not be able to obtain regulatory approval of, or commercially manufacture, our vaccine candidates. Our collaborations may not be profitable. We entered a co-marketing agreement with GEHC in December 2007 for a pandemic influenza vaccine solution for select international countries, andour collaboration continues to incorporate GEHC’s bioprocessing/manufacturing solutions and design expertise with our VLP manufacturing platform. We have formed the JV with Cadila in India and, in connection with it, entered into a master services agreement pursuant to which we may requestcertain services from Cadila in the areas of biologics research, pre-clinical development, clinical development, process development, manufacturing scale-upand general manufacturing related services in India. We and Cadila amended the master services agreement first in July 2011, and subsequently in March2013, in each case to extend the term by one year for which services can be provided by Cadila under this agreement. Under the revised terms, if, by March2014, the amount of services provided by Cadila under the master services agreement is less than $7.5 million, we will pay Cadila the portion of the shortfallamount that is less than or equal to $2.0 million and 50% of the portion of the shortfall amount that exceeds $2.0 million. Through December 31, 2012, wehave purchased $0.6 million in services from Cadila pursuant to this agreement. 23 We have entered into a license agreement with LGLS that allows them to use our manufacturing and production technology to develop and sell ourinfluenza vaccines. We have also entered into a clinical development agreement with PATH related to our RSV vaccine for maternal immunization in low-resource countries. To the extent PATH continues to fund 50% of the Company’s external clinical development costs, but the Company does not continuedevelopment, the Company would grant PATH a fully-paid license to its RSV vaccine technology for use in pregnant women in such low-resource countries atterms that may not be favorable to the Company. We cannot predict when, if at all, these relationships will lead to approved products, sales, or otherwise provide revenue to the Company or becomeprofitable. We have limited marketing capabilities, and if we are unable to enter into collaborations with marketing partners or develop our own salesand marketing capability, we may not be successful in commercializing any approved products. We currently have no sales, marketing or distribution capabilities. As a result, we will depend on collaborations with third-parties that haveestablished distribution systems and sales forces. To the extent that we enter into co-promotion or other licensing arrangements, our revenue will depend uponthe efforts of third-parties, over which we may have little or no control. If we are unable to reach and maintain agreements with one or more pharmaceuticalcompanies or collaborators, we may be required to market our products directly. Developing a marketing and sales force is expensive and time-consuming andcould delay a product launch. We cannot be certain that we will be able to attract and retain qualified sales personnel or otherwise develop this capability. Our vaccine candidates may never achieve market acceptance even if we obtain regulatory approvals. Even if we receive regulatory approvals for the commercial sale of our vaccine candidates, the commercial success of these vaccine candidates willdepend on, among other things, their acceptance by physicians, patients, third-party payers such as health insurance companies and other members of themedical community as a vaccine and cost-effective alternative to competing products. If our vaccine candidates fail to gain market acceptance, we may beunable to earn sufficient revenue to continue our business. Market acceptance of, and demand for, any product that we may develop and commercialize willdepend on many factors, including: ·our ability to provide acceptable evidence of safety and efficacy; ·the prevalence and severity of adverse side effects; ·whether our vaccines are differentiated from other vaccines based on immunogenicity; ·availability, relative cost and relative efficacy of alternative and competing treatments; ·the effectiveness of our marketing and distribution strategy; ·publicity concerning our products or competing products and treatments; and ·our ability to obtain sufficient third-party insurance coverage or reimbursement. In particular, there are significant challenges to market acceptance for seasonal influenza vaccines. For our seasonal vaccine to be accepted in themarket, we must demonstrate differentiation from other seasonal vaccines that are currently approved and marketed. This can mean that the vaccine is moreeffective in certain populations, such as in older adults, or cheaper and quicker to produce. There are no assurances that our vaccine will be more efficaciousthan other vaccines. If our vaccine candidates do not become widely accepted by physicians, patients, third-party payers and other members of the medical community,our business, financial condition and results of operations would be materially and adversely affected. 24 If reforms in the health care industry make reimbursement for our potential products less likely, the market for our potential productswill be reduced, and we could lose potential sources of revenue. Our success may depend, in part, on the extent to which reimbursement for the costs of vaccines will be available from third-party payers such asgovernment health administration authorities, private health insurers, managed care programs and other organizations. Over the past decade, the cost of healthcare has risen significantly, and there have been numerous proposals by legislators, regulators and third-party health care payers to curb these costs. Some ofthese proposals have involved limitations on the amount of reimbursement for certain products. Similar federal or state health care legislation may be adoptedin the future and any products that we or our collaborators seek to commercialize may not be considered cost-effective. Adequate third-party insurance coveragemay not be available for us to establish and maintain price levels that are sufficient for realization of an appropriate return on our investment in productdevelopment. Moreover, the existence or threat of cost control measures could cause our corporate collaborators to be less willing or able to pursue research anddevelopment programs related to our vaccine candidates. REGULATORY RISKS We may fail to obtain regulatory approval for our products on a timely basis or comply with our continuing regulatory obligations afterapproval is obtained. Delays in obtaining regulatory approval can be extremely costly in terms of lost sales opportunities, losing any potential marketing advantage ofbeing early to market and increased clinical trial costs. The speed with which we begin and complete our pre-clinical studies necessary to begin clinical trials,clinical trials and our applications for marketing approval will depend on several factors, including the following: ·our ability to manufacture or obtain sufficient quantities of materials for use in necessary pre-clinical studies and clinical trials; ·prior regulatory agency review and approval; ·approval of the protocol and the informed consent form by the review board of the institution conducting the clinical trial; ·the rate of subject or patient enrollment and retention, which is a function of many factors, including the size of the subject or patientpopulation, the proximity of subjects and patients to clinical sites, the eligibility criteria for the clinical trial and the nature of the protocol; ·negative test results or side effects experienced by clinical trial participants; ·analysis of data obtained from pre-clinical and clinical activities, which are susceptible to varying interpretations and which interpretationscould delay, limit or prevent further studies or regulatory approval; ·the availability of skilled and experienced staff to conduct and monitor clinical trials and to prepare the appropriate regulatory applications;and ·changes in the policies of regulatory authorities for drug or vaccine approval during the period of product development. We have limited experience in conducting and managing the pre-clinical studies and clinical trials necessary to obtain regulatory marketingapprovals. We may not be permitted to continue or commence additional clinical trials. We also face the risk that the results of our clinical trials may beinconsistent with the results obtained in pre-clinical studies or clinical trials of similar products or that the results obtained in later phases of clinical trialsmay be inconsistent with those obtained in earlier phases. A number of companies in the biopharmaceutical and product development industry have sufferedsignificant setbacks in advanced clinical trials, even after experiencing promising results in early animal and human testing. 25 Regulatory agencies may require us or our collaborators to delay, restrict or discontinue clinical trials on various grounds, including a finding thatthe subjects or patients are being exposed to an unacceptable health risk. In addition, we or our collaborators may be unable to submit applications toregulatory agencies within the time frame we currently expect. Once submitted, applications must be approved by various regulatory agencies before we or ourcollaborators can commercialize the product described in the application. All statutes and regulations governing the conduct of clinical trials are subject tochange in the future, which could affect the cost of such clinical trials. Any unanticipated costs or delays in our clinical trials could delay our ability togenerate revenue and harm our financial condition and results of operations. Failure to obtain regulatory approval in foreign jurisdictions would prevent us from marketing our products internationally. We intend to have our vaccine candidates marketed outside the U.S. In furtherance of this objective, we have entered into relationships with Cadila inIndia, LGLS in South Korea and PATH. In order to market our products in the European Union, India, Asia and many other non-U.S. jurisdictions, we mustobtain separate regulatory approvals and comply with numerous and varying regulatory requirements. The approval procedure varies among countries andcan involve additional testing and data review. The time required to obtain foreign regulatory approval may differ from that required to obtain FDA approval.The foreign regulatory approval process may include all of the risks associated with obtaining FDA approval. We may not obtain foreign regulatory approvalson a timely basis, if at all. Approval by a regulatory agency, such as the FDA, does not ensure approval by any other regulatory agencies, for example in otherforeign countries. However, a failure or delay in obtaining regulatory approval in one jurisdiction may have a negative effect on the regulatory approval processin other jurisdictions, including approval by the FDA. The failure to obtain regulatory approval in foreign jurisdictions could harm our business. Even if regulatory approval is received for our vaccine candidates, the later discovery of previously unknown problems with a product,manufacturer or facility may result in restrictions, including withdrawal of the product from the market. Even if a product gains regulatory approval, such approval is likely to limit the indicated uses for which it may be marketed, and the product andthe manufacturer of the product will be subject to continuing regulatory review, including adverse event reporting requirements and the FDA’s generalprohibition against promoting products for unapproved uses. Failure to comply with any post-approval requirements can, among other things, result inwarning letters, product seizures, recalls, substantial fines, injunctions, suspensions or revocations of marketing licenses, operating restrictions and criminalprosecutions. Any of these enforcement actions, any unanticipated changes in existing regulatory requirements or the adoption of new requirements, or anysafety issues that arise with any approved products, could adversely affect our ability to market products and generate revenue and thus adversely affect ourability to continue our business. We also may be restricted or prohibited from marketing or manufacturing a product, even after obtaining product approval, if previously unknownproblems with the product or its manufacture are subsequently discovered and we cannot provide assurance that newly discovered or developed safety issueswill not arise following any regulatory approval. With the use of any vaccine by a wide patient population, serious adverse events may occur from time to timethat initially do not appear to relate to the vaccine itself, and only if the specific event occurs with some regularity over a period of time does the vaccine becomesuspect as having a causal relationship to the adverse event. Any safety issues could cause us to suspend or cease marketing of our approved products,possibly subject us to substantial liabilities, and adversely affect our ability to generate revenue and our financial condition. 26 Because we are subject to environmental, health and safety laws, we may be unable to conduct our business in the most advantageousmanner. We are subject to various laws and regulations relating to safe working conditions, laboratory and manufacturing practices, the experimental use ofanimals, emissions and wastewater discharges, and the use and disposal of hazardous or potentially hazardous substances used in connection with ourresearch, including infectious disease agents. We also cannot accurately predict the extent of regulations that might result from any future legislative oradministrative action. Any of these laws or regulations could cause us to incur additional expense or restrict our operations. Our facilities in Maryland are subject to various local, state and federal laws and regulations relating to safe working conditions, laboratory andmanufacturing practices, the experimental use of animals and the use and disposal of hazardous or potentially hazardous substances, including chemicals,microorganisms and various hazardous compounds used in connection with our research and development activities. In the U.S., these laws include theOccupational Safety and Health Act, the Toxic Test Substances Control Act and the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act. We cannot eliminate the risk ofaccidental contamination or discharge or injury from these materials. Federal, state, and local laws and regulations govern the use, manufacture, storage,handling and disposal of these materials. We could be subject to civil damages in the event of an improper or unauthorized release of, or exposure ofindividuals to, these hazardous materials. In addition, claimants may sue us for injury or contamination that results from our use or the use by third-partiesof these materials, and our liability may exceed our total assets. Compliance with environmental laws and regulations may be expensive, and current or futureenvironmental regulations may impair our research, development or production efforts. Although we have general liability insurance, these policies contain exclusions from insurance against claims arising from pollution from chemicalsor pollution from conditions arising from our operations. Our collaborators are working with these types of hazardous materials in connection with ourcollaborations. In the event of a lawsuit or investigation, we could be held responsible for any injury we or our collaborators cause to persons or property byexposure to, or release of, any hazardous materials. However, we believe that we are currently in compliance with all applicable environmental andoccupational health and safety regulations. Even if we successfully commercialize any of our vaccine candidates, either alone or in collaboration, we face uncertainty with respect topricing, third-party reimbursement and healthcare reform, all of which could adversely affect any commercial success of our vaccine candidates. Our ability to collect revenue from the commercial sale of our vaccines may depend on our ability, and that of any current or potential futurecollaboration partners or customers, to obtain adequate levels of coverage and reimbursement for such products from third-party payers such as: ·government health administration authorities; ·private health insurers; ·health maintenance organizations; ·pharmacy benefit management companies; and ·other healthcare-related organizations. Third-party payers are increasingly challenging the prices charged for medical products and may deny coverage or offer inadequate levels ofreimbursement if they determine that a prescribed product has not received appropriate clearances from the FDA, or foreign equivalent, or other governmentregulators, is not used in accordance with cost-effective treatment methods as determined by the third-party payer, or is experimental, unnecessary orinappropriate. Prices could also be driven down by health maintenance organizations that control or significantly influence purchases of healthcare products. 27 In both the U.S. and some foreign jurisdictions, there have been a number of legislative and regulatory proposals and initiatives to change the healthcare system in ways that could affect our ability to sell vaccines. Some of these proposed and implemented reforms could result in reduced reimbursementrates for medical products, and while we have no current vaccines available for commercial sale, the impact of such reform could nevertheless adversely affectour business strategy, operations and financial results. In March 2010, President Obama signed into law a legislative overhaul of the U.S. healthcare system,known as the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, as amended by the Healthcare and Education Affordability Reconciliation Act of 2010(PPACA). As a result of this new legislation, substantial changes could be made to the current system for paying for healthcare in the United States, includingchanges made in order to extend medical benefits to those who currently lack insurance coverage. The long-term ramifications of PPACA remain unclear andmany details regarding implementation of PPACA are yet to be determined, however the cost-containment measures that healthcare providers are instituting andthe results of healthcare reforms may negatively impact the commercial prospects of one or more of our vaccine candidates currently in development. INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RISKS Our success depends on our ability to maintain the proprietary nature of our technology. Our success in large part depends on our ability to maintain the proprietary nature of our technology and other trade secrets. To do so, we mustprosecute and maintain existing patents, obtain new patents and pursue trade secret and other intellectual property protection. We also must operate withoutinfringing the proprietary rights of third-parties or allowing third-parties to infringe our rights. We currently have or have rights to over 100 U.S. patents andcorresponding foreign patents and patent applications covering our technologies. However, patent issues relating to pharmaceuticals and biologics involvecomplex legal, scientific and factual questions. To date, no consistent policy has emerged regarding the breadth of biotechnology patent claims that are grantedby the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office or enforced by the federal courts. Therefore, we do not know whether our patent applications will result in theissuance of patents, or that any patents issued to us will provide us with any competitive advantage. We also cannot be sure that we will develop additionalproprietary products that are patentable. Furthermore, there is a risk that others will independently develop or duplicate similar technology or products orcircumvent the patents issued to us. There is a risk that third-parties may challenge our existing patents or claim that we are infringing their patents or proprietary rights. We could incursubstantial costs in defending patent infringement suits or in filing suits against others to have their patents declared invalid or claim infringement. It is alsopossible that we may be required to obtain licenses from third-parties to avoid infringing third-party patents or other proprietary rights. We cannot be sure thatsuch third-party licenses would be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all. If we are unable to obtain required third-party licenses, we may be delayed inor prohibited from developing, manufacturing or selling products requiring such licenses. Although our patent filings include claims covering various features of our vaccine candidates, including composition, methods of manufacture anduse, our patents do not provide us with complete protection against the development of competing products. Some of our know-how and technology is notpatentable. To protect our proprietary rights in unpatentable intellectual property and trade secrets, we require employees, consultants, advisors andcollaborators to enter into confidentiality agreements. These agreements may not provide meaningful protection for our trade secrets, know-how or otherproprietary information. If we infringe or are alleged to infringe the intellectual property rights of third-parties, it will adversely affect our business, financialcondition and results of operations. Our research, development and commercialization activities, including any vaccine candidates resulting from these activities, may infringe or beclaimed to infringe patents owned by third-parties and to which we do not hold licenses or other rights. There may be rights we are not aware of, includingapplications that have been filed but not published that, when issued, could be asserted against us. These third-parties could bring claims against us, and thatwould cause us to incur substantial expenses and, if successful against us, could cause us to pay substantial damages. Further, if a patent infringement suitwere brought against us, we could be forced to stop or delay research, development, manufacturing or sales of the product or biologic drug candidate that is thesubject of the suit. 28 As a result of patent infringement claims, or in order to avoid potential claims, we may choose or be required to seek a license from the third-party.These licenses may not be available on acceptable terms, or at all. Even if we are able to obtain a license, the license would likely obligate us to pay license feesor royalties or both, and the rights granted to us might be non-exclusive, which could result in our competitors gaining access to the same intellectual property.Ultimately, we could be prevented from commercializing a product, or be forced to cease some aspect of our business operations, if, as a result of actual orthreatened patent infringement claims, we are unable to enter into licenses on acceptable terms. All of the issues described above could also impact ourcollaborators, which would also impact the success of the collaboration and therefore us. There has been substantial litigation and other proceedings regarding patent and other intellectual property rights in the pharmaceutical andbiotechnology industries. In addition to infringement claims against us, we may become a party to other patent litigation and other proceedings, includinginterference proceedings declared by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office and opposition proceedings in the European Patent Office, regarding intellectualproperty rights with respect to our products and technology. We may become involved in lawsuits to protect or enforce our patents or the patents of our collaborators or licensors, which could beexpensive and time-consuming. Competitors may infringe our patents or the patents of our collaborators or licensors. As a result, we may be required to file infringement claims tocounter infringement for unauthorized use. This can be expensive, particularly for a company of our size, and time-consuming. In addition, in aninfringement proceeding, a court may decide that a patent of ours is not valid or is unenforceable, or may refuse to stop the other party from using thetechnology at issue on the grounds that our patents do not cover its technology. An adverse determination of any litigation or defense proceeding could put oneor more of our patents at risk of being invalidated or interpreted narrowly and could put our patent applications at the risk of not issuing. Interference proceedings brought by the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office may be necessary to determine the priority of inventions with respect toour patent applications or those of our collaborators or licensors. Litigation or interference proceedings may fail and, even if successful, may result insubstantial costs and distraction to our management. We may not be able, alone or with our collaborators and licensors, to prevent misappropriation of ourproprietary rights, particularly in countries where the laws may not protect such rights as fully as in the U.S. Furthermore, because of the substantial amount of discovery required in connection with intellectual property litigation, there is a risk that some ofour confidential information could be compromised by disclosure during this type of litigation. In addition, during the course of this kind of litigation, therecould be public announcements of the results of hearings, motions or other interim proceedings or developments. If investors perceive these results to benegative, the market price for our common stock could be significantly harmed. We may need to license intellectual property from third-parties and, if our right to use the intellectual property we license is affected, ourability to develop and commercialize our vaccine candidates may be harmed. We expect that we will need to license intellectual property from third-parties in the future and that these licenses will be material to our business. Wewill not own the patents or patent applications that underlie these licenses, and we will not control the enforcement of the patents. We will rely upon ourlicensors to properly prosecute and file those patent applications and prevent infringement of those patents. Our license agreement with Wyeth, which gives us rights to a family of patents and patent applications that are expected to expire in early 2022,covering VLP technology for use in human vaccines in certain fields of use, is non-exclusive. These applications are very significant to our business. If eachmilestone is achieved for any particular vaccine candidate, we would likely be obligated to pay an aggregate of $14 million to Wyeth for each vaccine candidatedeveloped and commercialized under the agreement. Achievement of each milestone is subject to many risks, including those described in these Risk Factors.Annual license fees under the Wyeth agreement aggregate to $0.2 million per year. While many of the licenses under which we have rights provide us with rights in specified fields, the scope of our rights under these and otherlicenses may be subject to dispute by our licensors or third-parties. In addition, our rights to use these technologies and practice the inventions claimed in thelicensed patents and patent applications are subject to our licensors abiding by the terms of those licenses and not terminating them. Any of our licenses maybe terminated by the licensor if we are in breach of a term or condition of the license agreement, or in certain other circumstances. 29 Our vaccine candidates and potential vaccine candidates will require several components that may each be the subject of a license agreement. Thecumulative license fees and royalties for these components may make the commercialization of these vaccine candidates uneconomical. If patent laws or the interpretation of patent laws change, our competitors may be able to develop and commercialize our discoveries. Important legal issues remain to be resolved as to the extent and scope of available patent protection for biopharmaceutical products and processes inthe U.S. and other important markets outside the U.S., such as Europe and Japan. Foreign markets may not provide the same level of patent protection asprovided under the U.S. patent system. Litigation or administrative proceedings may be necessary to determine the validity and scope of certain of our andothers’ proprietary rights. Any such litigation or proceeding may result in a significant commitment of resources in the future and could force us to do one ormore of the following: cease selling or using any of our products that incorporate the challenged intellectual property, which would adversely affect ourrevenue; obtain a license from the holder of the intellectual property right alleged to have been infringed, which license may not be available on reasonableterms, if at all; and redesign our products to avoid infringing the intellectual property rights of third-parties, which may be time-consuming or impossible todo. In addition, changes in, or different interpretations of, patent laws in the U.S. and other countries may result in patent laws that allow others to use ourdiscoveries or develop and commercialize our products. We cannot provide assurance that the patents we obtain or the unpatented technology we hold willafford us significant commercial protection. RISKS RELATED TO OUR COMMON STOCK AND ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE Because our stock price has been and will likely continue to be highly volatile, the market price of our common stock may be lower ormore volatile than expected. Our stock price has been highly volatile. The stock market in general and the market for biopharmaceutical companies in particular have experiencedextreme volatility that has often been unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. From January 1, 2012 through December 31, 2012, theclosing sale price of our common stock has been as low as $1.16 per share and as high as $2.39 per share. The market price of our common stock may beinfluenced by many factors, including: ·future announcements about our Company or our collaborators or competitors, including the results of testing, technological innovations ornew commercial products; ·clinical trial results; ·depletion of our cash reserves; ·sale of equity securities or issuance of additional debt; ·announcement by us of significant strategic partnerships, collaborations, joint ventures, capital commitments or acquisitions; ·changes in government regulations; ·impact of competitor successes and in particular development success of vaccine candidates that compete with our own vaccine candidates; ·developments in our relationships with our collaboration partners; ·announcements relating to health care reform and reimbursement levels for new vaccines; ·sales of substantial amounts of our stock by existing stockholders (including stock by insiders or 5% stockholders); ·development, spread or new announcements related to pandemic influenza; 30 ·litigation; ·public concern as to the safety of our products; ·significant set-backs or concerns with the industry or the market as a whole; ·regulatory inquiries, reviews and potential action, including from the FDA or the SEC; and ·the other factors described in this Risk Factors section. The stock market has experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have particularly affected the market price for many emerging andbiopharmaceutical companies. These fluctuations have often been unrelated to the operating performance of these companies. These broad market fluctuationsmay cause the market price of our common stock to be lower or more volatile than expected. Provisions of our Certificate of Incorporation and By-laws and Delaware law could delay or prevent the acquisition of the Company,even if such acquisition would be beneficial to stockholders, and could impede changes in our Board. Our organizational documents could hamper a third-party’s attempt to acquire, or discourage a third-party from attempting to acquire control of, theCompany. Stockholders who wish to participate in these transactions may not have the opportunity to do so. These organizational documents also could limitthe price investors are willing to pay in the future for our securities and make it more difficult to change the composition of our Board in any one year. Certainprovisions include the right of the existence of a staggered Board with three classes of directors serving staggered three-year terms and advance noticerequirements for stockholders to nominate directors and make proposals. The Company also is afforded the protections of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, which will prevent us from engaging in abusiness combination with a person who acquires at least 15% of our common stock for a period of three years from the date such person acquired suchcommon stock, unless advance board or stockholder approval was obtained. Any delay or prevention of a change of control transaction or changes in our Board of Directors or management could deter potential acquirers orprevent the completion of a transaction in which our stockholders could receive a substantial premium over the then current market price for their shares. We have never paid dividends on our capital stock, and we do not anticipate paying any such dividends in the foreseeable future. We have never paid cash dividends on our common stock. We currently anticipate that we will retain all of our earnings for use in the development ofour business and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. As a result, capital appreciation, if any, of our common stock wouldbe the only source of gain for stockholders until dividends are paid, if at all. 31 Item 2.PROPERTIES We lease approximately 51,200 square feet in Rockville, Maryland, which serves as our corporate headquarters and includes administrative offices,vaccine research and development, as well as a manufacturing facility. In 2011, we entered into a long-term lease arrangement for 74,000 square feet ofmanufacturing, laboratory and office space in two facilities in Gaithersburg, Maryland. We continue to lease approximately 32,900 square feet ofadministrative office and research and development space at our former corporate headquarters in Malvern, Pennsylvania, all of which is currently subleased.A summary of our current facilities is set forth below. Property Approximate Location Square Footage Rockville, MD 51,200 Current corporate headquarters and vaccine research and development andmanufacturing facility20FF Gaithersburg, MD 53,000 Future vaccine research and development and manufacturing facility22FF Gaithersburg, MD 21,000 Future corporate headquartersMalvern, PA 32,900 Former corporate headquarters and research and development facilityTotal square footage 158,100 Malvern, PA sublease (32,900) Net square footage 125,200 Item 3.LEGAL PROCEEDINGS We currently have no legal proceedings underway. Item 4.MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES Not applicable. 32 PART II Item 5.MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS Our common stock trades on The NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “NVAX.” The following table sets forth the range of high andlow closing sale prices for our common stock as reported on The NASDAQ Global Select Market for each quarter in the two most recent years: Quarter Ended High Low December 31, 2012 $2.39 $1.57 September 30, 2012 $2.23 $1.71 June 30, 2012 $1.56 $1.16 March 31, 2012 $1.52 $1.23 December 31, 2011 $1.71 $1.25 September 30, 2011 $2.13 $1.18 June 30, 2011 $2.61 $1.97 March 31, 2011 $2.96 $2.15 On March 4, 2013, the last sale price reported on The NASDAQ Global Select Market for our common stock was $1.79. Our common stock washeld by approximately 463 stockholders of record as of March 4, 2013, one of which is Cede & Co., a nominee for Depository Trust Company (or DTC). Allof the shares of common stock held by brokerage firms, banks and other financial institutions as nominees for beneficial owners are deposited into participantaccounts at DTC, and are therefore considered to be held of record by Cede & Co. as one stockholder. We have not paid any cash dividends on our commonstock since our inception. We do not anticipate declaring or paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Securities Authorized for Issuance under our Equity Compensation Plans Information regarding our equity compensation plans, including both stockholder approved plans and non-stockholder approved plans, is includedin Item 12 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K (Annual Report). 33 The graph below compares the cumulative total stockholders return on our common stock for the last five fiscal years with the cumulative totalreturn on the NASDAQ Composite Index, the NASDAQ Pharmaceutical Index (which includes Novavax), and the Russell 2000 Growth Biotechnology Index(which includes Novavax) over the same period, assuming the investment of $100 in our common stock, the NASDAQ Composite Index, the NASDAQPharmaceutical Index, and the Russell 2000 Growth Biotechnology Index on December 31, 2007, and reinvestments of all dividends. The addition of theRussell 2000 Growth Biotechnology Index was made in order to reflect a group of companies that better compares with our Company. Value of $100 invested on December 31, 2007 in stock or index, including reinvestment of dividends, for fiscal years ended December 31: 12/31/07 12/31/08 12/31/09 12/31/10 12/31/11 12/31/12 Novavax, Inc. $100.00 $56.76 $79.88 $72.97 $37.84 $56.76 NASDAQ Composite Index $100.00 $59.03 $82.25 $97.32 $98.63 $110.78 NASDAQ Pharmaceutical Index $100.00 $97.45 $104.75 $111.47 $123.06 $164.89 RUSSELL 2000 Growth BiotechnologyIndex $100.00 $69.84 $91.58 $102.12 $98.92 $113.60 This graph is not “soliciting material,” is not deemed “filed” with the SEC and is not to be incorporated by reference in any filing of the Companyunder the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, whether made before or after the date hereof and irrespective of any general incorporationlanguage in any such filing. 34 Item 6.SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA The following table sets forth selected financial data for each of the years in the five-year period ended December 31, 2012, which has been derivedfrom our audited financial statements. The information below should be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes thereto and“Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this Annual Report. These historical resultsare not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for future periods. For The Years Ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 (in thousands, except per share amounts) Statements of Operations Data: Revenue $22,076 $14,688 $343 $325 $1,064 Loss from continuing operations (28,507) (19,364) (35,708) (40,346) (34,784)Income from discontinued operations — — — — 273 Net loss $(28,507) $(19,364) $(35,708) $(40,346) $(34,511)Basic and diluted net loss per share: Loss per share from continuing operations $(0.22) $(0.17) $(0.34) $(0.47) $(0.51)Income per share from discontinued operations — — — — — Basic and diluted net loss per share $(0.22) $(0.17) $(0.34) $(0.47) $(0.51)Weighted average shares used in computing basic and dilutednet loss per share 131,726 113,610 104,768 85,555 68,174 As of December 31, 2012 2011 2010 2009 2008 (in thousands) Balance Sheet Data: Cash and investments(1) $50,344 $18,309 $31,676 $42,950 $33,900 Total current assets 50,408 26,109 33,337 44,503 35,096 Working capital(2) 38,733 18,530 23,071 36,476 7,379 Total assets 102,345 66,576 74,844 85,605 76,625 Long-term debt, less current portion 990 300 320 406 480 Accumulated deficit (358,163) (329,656) (310,292) (274,584) (234,238)Total stockholders’ equity 80,240 53,849 59,050 69,952 42,948 ____________________(1)Includes non-current investments of $6,233 at December 31, 2012.(2)Working capital is computed as the excess of current assets over current liabilities. Item 7.MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Certain statements contained or incorporated by reference herein constitute forward-looking statements. In some cases, these statements can beidentified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “expect(s),” “intends,” “plans,” “seeks,” “estimates,” “could,” “should,” “feel(s),” “believe(s),”“will,” “would,” “may,” “can,” “anticipate(s),” “potential” and similar expressions or the negative of these terms. Such forward-looking statements are subjectto risks and uncertainties that may cause the actual results, performance or achievements of the Company, or industry results, to be materially different fromthose expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements in this Annual Report include, without limitation, statements regarding: ·potential benefits, regulatory approval and commercialization of our vaccine candidates; ·our expectation that we will have adequate capital resources available to operate at planned levels for approximately the next 24 months; ·our expected 2013 capital expenditures; 35 ·our expectations for future revenue under the contract with HHS BARDA, funding requirements and capital raising activity, including possibleproceeds from our At Market Issuance Sales Agreement entered into in October 2012, and funding under the Improvement Allowance and LoanAgreement; ·our expectations on financial or business performance, conditions or strategies and other financial and business matters, including expectationsregarding operating expenses, use of cash, and the fluctuations in expenses and capital requirements associated with pre-clinical studies, clinicaltrials and other research and development activities; ·our expectations on clinical development and anticipated milestones, including contracts with HHS BARDA, LGLS and PATH, our plannedclinical trials and regulatory filings, including receipt of accelerated approval status from the FDA, as necessary for our vaccine candidates; ·our expectations that our vaccine candidates will prove to be safe and effective; ·our expectations that our multivalent seasonal influenza VLP vaccine could potentially address an unmet medical need in two vulnerablepopulations – the pediatric and elderly; ·our expectation that our pandemic (H5N1) influenza vaccine could potentially be developed without an adjuvant for population segments that aresensitive to adjuvant use; ·our expectations that our RSV vaccine could potentially address unmet medical needs; ·our expectations regarding the development by the JV, in India, of a rabies vaccine, including a planned Phase I clinical trial in 2013; ·our expectation that we will utilize the amount of services that is required to be provided by Cadila under the master services agreement; ·our expectations regarding payments to Wyeth; ·our expectations concerning payments under existing license agreements; and ·other factors referenced herein. Any or all of our forward-looking statements in this Annual Report may turn out to be inaccurate. These forward-looking statements may be affectedby inaccurate assumptions or by known or unknown risks and uncertainties, including the risks, uncertainties and assumptions identified under the heading"Risk Factors" in this Annual Report. In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events and circumstances discussed in thisAnnual Report may not occur as contemplated, and actual results could differ materially from those anticipated or implied by the forward-looking statements. The Company assumes no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements, except as specifically required by law. We caution readers notto place considerable reliance on the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report. Overview – Introduction Novavax, Inc., a Delaware corporation (Novavax, the Company, we, or us), is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developingrecombinant protein nanoparticle vaccines to address a broad range of infectious diseases. Our technology platform is based on proprietary recombinantvaccine technology that includes VLPs and recombinant protein micelle vaccines combined with a single-use bioprocessing production system. Our vaccinecandidates are genetically engineered three-dimensional nanostructures that incorporate immunologically important recombinant proteins. Our product pipelinetargets a variety of infectious diseases and our vaccine candidates are currently in or have completed clinical trials that target seasonal influenza, pandemic(H5N1) influenza and RSV. 36 CPL Biologicals Private Limited (the JV), which is owned 20% by us and 80% by Cadila, was established to develop and manufacture certainvaccine candidates, biogeneric products and diagnostic products for the territory of India. The JV operates a state-of-the-art manufacturing facility for theproduction of influenza vaccine and other vaccine candidates. The JV is actively developing a number of vaccine candidates that were genetically engineeredby Novavax. The JV’s seasonal influenza and pandemic influenza candidates began Phase I clinical trials in 2012. Also in 2012, the JV formed a newcollaboration to develop a novel malaria vaccine in India with the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. The JV’s rabies vaccinecandidate is expected to begin a Phase I clinical trial in India in 2013. We continue to account for our investment in the JV using the equity method. Since thecarrying value of our initial investment was nominal and there is no guarantee or commitment to provide future funding, we have not recorded nor do we expectto record losses related to this investment in the future. A current summary of our significant research and development programs and status of development follows: Program Development Phase CollaboratorSeasonal Quadrivalent Influenza Phase II HHS BARDA/LGLSPandemic (H5N1) Influenza Phase I HHS BARDA/LGLSRSV Phase II PATH1Seasonal Trivalent Influenza Phase I JVPandemic (H1N1) Influenza Phase I JVRabies Pre-clinical JV 1PATH is collaborating with us on a Phase II clinical trial to develop our RSV vaccine to protect newborn infants in low-resource countries from RSV throughmaternal immunization. Influenza The FDA has published criteria for granting accelerated approval of a BLA for a new seasonal influenza vaccine. Under this guidance, developersthat can demonstrate results that meet or exceed certain specified endpoint criteria in their clinical trials may, at the FDA’s decision, be granted a license tomarket prior to conducting a traditional efficacy clinical trial. In adult populations under 65 years of age, these criteria are based on demonstration ofseroconversion rates (the proportion of subjects with a four-fold rise in HAI titers or attaining titers of ≥1:40 from a negative baseline) and seroprotection rates(the proportion of subjects with HAI titers ≥1:40 post-vaccination) that are ≥40% and ≥70%, respectively, at the lower bound of the 95% confidence interval.Accelerated approval may be available as long as there is a shortage of seasonal influenza vaccine relative to the total population recommended to receive thevaccine, a situation that persists. The FDA expects that developers seeking accelerated approval of a BLA will diligently conduct postmarketing efficacystudies. Novavax continues to use and reference these accelerated approval seroconversion and seroprotection endpoints in developing its influenza vaccinecandidates. The FDA has articulated the same immunogenicity criteria for accelerated approval of vaccines that address potential pandemic influenza strains.Because a controlled efficacy clinical trial of a pandemic vaccine candidate is not logistically or ethically possible, vaccine developers seeking acceleratedapproval will be required to provide evidence that a seasonal vaccine made by the same manufacturing process is efficacious. Thus, the demonstration ofefficacy with a seasonal vaccine product provides a key link between the seasonal and pandemic programs. Seasonal Influenza Vaccine The CDC recommends that all persons aged six months and older should be vaccinated annually against seasonal influenza. In conjunction withthese universal recommendations, attention from the 2009 influenza H1N1 pandemic has increased public health awareness of the importance of seasonalinfluenza vaccination, the market for which is expected to continue to grow worldwide in both developed and developing global markets. In the coming years, many seasonal influenza vaccines are expected to be produced in a quadrivalent formulation (four influenza strains, twoinfluenza A strains and two influenza B strains), as opposed to the current trivalent formulation (two influenza A strains and one influenza B strain). Withtwo distinct lineages of influenza B viruses circulating, governmental health authorities have advocated for the addition of a second influenza B strain toprovide added coverage. Current estimates for seasonal influenza vaccines growth in the top seven markets (U.S., Japan, France, Germany, Italy, Spain andUK), show potential growth from the current market of approximately $3.6 billion to $4.7 billion over the next ten years. Recombinant seasonal influenzavaccines, like the candidate we are developing, have an important advantage; once licensed for commercial sale, large quantities of vaccine can be quickly andcost-effectively manufactured without the use of either the live influenza virus or eggs. 37 Top-line data from our most recent Phase II clinical trial for our quadrivalent influenza vaccine candidate were announced in July 2012. In thatclinical trial, our quadrivalent VLP vaccine candidate demonstrated immunogenicity against all four viral strains based on HAI responses at day 21, and wasalso well-tolerated with no vaccine-related serious adverse events observed and had acceptable reactogenicity. Our vaccine candidate met the FDA acceleratedapproval seroprotection rates criterion for all four viral strains. The potential to fulfill the seroconversion rates criterion was demonstrated for three of the fourviral strains. The fourth strain, B/Brisbane/60/08, despite fulfilling the seroprotection criterion, failed to demonstrate a satisfactory seroconversion rate. Ouractivities with respect to our seasonal influenza vaccine candidate have been, and are, focused on identifying the manufacturing process to ensure consistentand enhanced immune responses in all strains. Over the last six months we’ve made significant progress and expect to finalize our manufacturing process bymid-year 2013. During the second half of 2013, we expect to begin manufacturing product for our next Phase II clinical trial. Pandemic (H5N1) Influenza Vaccine In the aftermath of the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic, recognition of the potential devastation of a human influenza pandemic remains a keypriority with both governmental health authorities and influenza vaccine manufacturers. In the U.S. alone, the 2009 H1N1 pandemic led to the production ofapproximately 126 million doses of monovalent (single strain) vaccine. Public health awareness and government preparedness for the “next” potentialinfluenza pandemic is driving development of vaccines that can be quickly manufactured against a potentially threatening influenza strain. Industry andhealth experts have focused attention on developing a monovalent H5N1 influenza vaccine as a potential key defense of the next pandemic threat. During 2012, we made significant progress in the development of our pandemic (H5N1) influenza vaccine candidate. In May 2012, we launchedtwo Phase I clinical trials of our pandemic (H5N1) vaccine candidate in combination with two different adjuvants, both of which are designed to improve theimmunogenicity of vaccines at lower doses and thus provide antigen dose-sparing. These clinical trials evaluated the safety and tolerability of the vaccines andthe ability of VLP vaccine antigens with and without adjuvants to generate antibody levels that we believe fulfill the FDA’s criteria for accelerated approval,and the ability of these vaccines to provide an expanded number of doses, with possible cross-protection against other virus strains to the U.S. population. InOctober 2012, we reported positive results from these clinical trials with top-line data demonstrating safety and immunogenicity of varying dose-levels of thevaccine, with and without adjuvant, and further demonstrating statistically significant robust adjuvant effects on immune response. Notably, ourunadjuvanted vaccine candidate elicited HAI titers ≥ 40 in >82% of subjects at a dose of 45µg. This response would fulfill the FDA’s influenza criteria foraccelerated approval of a BLA as further described under the heading “Influenza” above. HHS BARDA Contract for Recombinant Influenza Vaccines HHS BARDA awarded us a contract in February 2011, which funds the development of both our seasonal and pandemic (H5N1) influenza vaccinecandidates. The contract, valued at $97 million for the first three-year base-period and $82 million for an HHS BARDA optional two-year period, is a cost-plus-fixed-fee contract in which HHS BARDA reimburses us for allowable direct contract costs incurred plus allowable indirect costs and a fixed-fee earned inthe ongoing clinical development and product scale-up of our multivalent seasonal and monovalent pandemic (H5N1) influenza vaccines. We recognizedrevenue of approximately $20.1 million in 2012, and have recognized approximately $34.8 million in revenue since the inception of the contract in 2011. In December 2012, HHS BARDA completed a contractually-defined IPR of our contract. This IPR was conducted by an inter-governmental-agencypanel of experts from government agencies including HHS BARDA, FDA, CDC and the National Institutes of Health, who provided input on our progressduring the contract base-period and plans for further development, including both near-term process development and manufacturing activities and longer-termclinical efforts. HHS BARDA subsequently notified us in January 2013 that the milestone decision has been made to continue to support our vaccineadvanced development contract. Under certain circumstances, HHS BARDA reimbursements may be delayed or even potentially withheld. In March 2012, we decided to conduct aPhase II clinical trial of our quadrivalent influenza vaccine candidate (the 205 Trial) under our existing U.S. investigational new drug application (IND) forour trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine candidate as opposed to waiting to conduct this clinical trial under a new IND for our quadrivalent vaccine candidate(Quadrivalent IND). Based on our discussions with HHS BARDA in 2012, the outside clinical trial costs for the 205 Trial may only be submitted forreimbursement to HHS BARDA and recorded as revenue by us after we submit the clinical trial data in a future Quadrivalent IND. The filing of theQuadrivalent IND is expected shortly before we initiate the next Phase II dose-confirmatory clinical trial, which has been delayed due to the developmentactivity associated with improving the seroconversion response of one of the four strains. The outside clinical trial costs of the 205 Trial are approximately$3.1 million in total, of which $3.0 million was incurred through December 31, 2012. These costs have been recorded as an expense and are included in costof government contracts revenue. 38 LGLS License Agreement In February 2011, we entered into a license agreement with LGLS that allows LGLS to use our technology to develop and commercially sell ourinfluenza vaccines in South Korea and certain other emerging-market countries. LGLS received an exclusive license to our influenza VLP technology in SouthKorea and a non-exclusive license in the other specified countries. At its own cost, LGLS is responsible for funding its clinical development of the influenzaVLP vaccines and completing a manufacturing facility in South Korea. We received an upfront payment and may receive reimbursements of certaindevelopment and product costs, payments related to the achievement of certain milestones and royalty payments at a rate of 10% from LGLS’s futurecommercial sales of influenza VLP vaccines, which royalty rate is subject to reduction if certain timelines for regulatory licensure are not met. Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) RSV is a widespread disease that causes infections of the lower respiratory tract. While RSV affects persons of all ages, it acutely impacts infants,young children, the elderly, and others with compromised immune systems. Current estimates indicate that RSV is responsible for over 30 million new acutelower respiratory infection episodes and between 150,000 and 200,000 deaths in children under five years old. In the U.S., nearly all children become infectedwith RSV before they are two years old; it has been associated with 20% of hospitalizations and 15% of office visits for acute respiratory infection in youngchildren. WHO estimates that the global disease burden for RSV is 64 million cases. Because there is no approved prophylactic vaccine, the unmet need of anRSV vaccine has the potential to protect millions of patients from this far-reaching disease. We are developing a vaccine candidate to prevent RSV and are looking at susceptible target populations that include the elderly, young children andnewborns who may receive protection through antibodies transferred from their mothers who may be immunized during the last trimester of pregnancy. InOctober 2011, we announced the results of our first Phase I clinical trial to assess the safety and tolerability of our RSV vaccine candidate, and to evaluatetotal and neutralizing anti-RSV antibody responses and the impact of an aluminum phosphate adjuvant. Along with positive safety results, the antibodyresponse to the RSV F protein was significantly increased compared to placebo (p<0.001) in all dose groups and increased by 19-fold in the highest-doseadjuvant group at day 60. A significant dose-response pattern was observed with high rates of seroconversion at all doses including a rate of 100% at thehighest-dose adjuvant group. In October 2012, we initiated two separate dose-ranging clinical trials, one in women of child bearing age, which initiates our goalof developing a vaccine for maternal immunization of pregnant women, and the other in elderly adults, which initiates our goal of developing a vaccine for theelderly. The first clinical trial is a randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled Phase II clinical trial that will evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of two doselevels of our RSV vaccine candidate with and without an aluminum phosphate adjuvant, enrolling 330 women of childbearing age. The second clinical trial isa randomized, blinded, placebo-controlled Phase I clinical trial that will evaluate the safety and immunogenicity results of 220 enrolled adults, 60 years of ageand older, who received a single intramuscular injection of our RSV vaccine candidate (with and without an aluminum phosphate adjuvant) or placebo plus asingle dose of licensed influenza vaccine or placebo at days 0 and 28. Top-line results from both clinical trials are expected to be reported in the first half of2013. The design and timing of subsequent clinical trials will be determined after these data are analyzed. Our expected path forward in maternalimmunization would include a dose-confirmation clinical trial in women of child-bearing age. In parallel, and in consultation with the FDA, we would expect toinitiate a reproductive toxicology study to confirm the safety of our proposed formulation in advance of vaccinating pregnant women. For the elderly, the pathforward would likely be to design a Phase II clinical trial. 39 PATH Clinical Development Agreement In July 2012, we entered into a clinical development agreement with PATH to develop our vaccine candidate to protect against RSV through maternalimmunization in low-resource countries (the “RSV Collaboration Program”). We were awarded approximately $2.0 million by PATH for initial funding underthe agreement to partially support our Phase II dose-ranging clinical trial in women of childbearing age as described above. The agreement expires July 31,2013, unless we and PATH decide to continue the RSV Collaboration Program. We retain global rights to commercialize the product and have made acommitment to make the vaccine affordable and available in low-resource countries. To the extent PATH has continued to fund 50% of our external clinicaldevelopment costs for the RSV Collaboration Program, but we do not continue development, we would then grant PATH a fully-paid license to our RSVvaccine technology for use in pregnant women in such low-resource countries. Rabies Rabies is a disease that causes acute encephalitis, or swelling of the brain, in warm-blooded animals including humans. The disease can betransmitted from one species of animal to another, such as from dogs to humans, most commonly by a bite from an infected animal. For humans, rabies leftuntreated is almost invariably fatal. WHO has estimated that the highest public health financial expenditure in any country is the cost of rabies post-exposureprophylaxis. In Asia and Africa, estimates show a combined 55,000 annual human deaths from endemic canine rabies, with annual treatment costsapproaching $600 million, although human deaths from rabies are likely to be grossly underreported in a number of countries, particularly in the youngestage groups. In India alone, 20,000 deaths are estimated to occur annually. Internal market data of vaccine manufacturers suggest that at the global level, ≥15million people receive rabies prophylaxis annually, the majority of whom live in China and India. It is estimated that in the absence of post-exposureprophylaxis, about 327,000 persons would die from rabies in Africa and Asia each year. Marketed rabies vaccine is mostly used for post-exposure prophylaxisthat requires generally between four and five administrations of vaccine. Pre-exposure prophylaxis is recommended for anyone who will be at increased risk tothe rabies virus, including travelers with extensive outdoor exposure in rural high-risk areas. The JV is currently developing a rabies vaccine candidate that we genetically engineered. The JV expects to initiate Phase I clinical trial in India in2013. Our objective is to develop a recombinant vaccine that can be administered as a pre-exposure prophylaxis for residents of certain higher-risk geographies,as well as travelers to such locations, and with the potential to provide post-exposure prophylaxis with fewer doses. Preliminary pre-clinical results havedemonstrated that this vaccine candidate successfully prevents the rabies virus from entering the central nervous system, thus preventing death. Sales of Common Stock In 2012, we completed two separate offerings to sell over 12 million and 10 million shares of common stock. In October 2012, we sold 12,385,321shares of its common stock to RA Capital Management, LLC (RA Capital), Camber Capital Management LLC and Ayer Capital Management LLC at a priceof $2.18 per share, resulting in approximately $27 million in net proceeds. In May 2012, we sold 10,000,000 shares of our common stock to RA Capital at aprice of $1.22 per share, resulting in approximately $12.2 million in net proceeds. In both cases, the shares were offered under an effective shelf registrationstatement previously filed with the SEC. The Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) has appointed a standing Finance Committee (the “Committee”) to assist the Board with itsresponsibilities to monitor, provide advice to senior management of the Company and approve all capital raising activities. The Committee has been authorizedby the Board to approve all At Market Issuance sales transactions. In doing so, the Committee sets the amount of shares to be sold, the period of time duringwhich such sales may occur and the minimum sales price per share. In October 2012, the Company entered into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement(2012 Sales Agreement), under which the Company may sell an aggregate of $50 million in gross proceeds of its common stock. This agreement replaces theprevious and terminated At Market Issuance Sales Agreement entered in March 2010 (2010 Sales Agreement), which also allowed for the sale of an aggregate of$50 million in gross proceeds of its common stock, but had recently met its limitation of sales of shares. The shares of common stock are being offeredpursuant to a shelf registration statement filed with the SEC. During 2012, the Company sold 8.4 million shares at an average sales price of $1.70 per share,resulting in $14.0 million in net proceeds; this amount excludes $0.8 million received in early 2012 for 0.7 million shares traded in late December 2011. TheCompany sold a total 24,957,715 shares of its common stock and received gross proceeds of $49.9 million under the 2010 Sales Agreement. 40 Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our financial statements, which have been preparedin accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation of our financial statements requires us to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets,liabilities and equity and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expensesduring the reporting period. These estimates, particularly estimates relating to accounting for revenue, the valuation of our investments, stock-basedcompensation, long-lived assets, goodwill and estimated recovery of our net deferred tax assets have a material impact on our financial statements and arediscussed in detail throughout our analysis of the results of operations discussed below. We base our estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results ofwhich form the basis for making judgments about the carrying value of assets, liabilities and equity that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actualresults and outcomes could differ from these estimates and assumptions. Revenue We primarily derive revenue from a cost-plus-fixed-fee contract in which HHS BARDA will reimburse us for allowable direct contract costs incurredplus allowable indirect costs and a fee earned in the further development of our seasonal and pandemic (H5N1) influenza vaccines. Revenue on this cost-plus-fixed-fee contract is recognized as such costs are incurred plus a portion of the fixed-fee earned. Billings under the contract are based on approved provisionalindirect billing rates, which permit recovery of fringe benefits, overhead and general and administrative expenses not exceeding certain limits. Payments to theCompany under cost reimbursable contracts with agencies of the U.S. Government, including our contract with HHS BARDA, are provisional paymentssubject to adjustment upon annual audit by the government. An audit by the government of fiscal year 2011 has been initiated, but has not been completed asof the date of this filing; however, management believes that revenue for periods subject to audit has been recorded in amounts that are expected to be realizedupon final audit and settlement. When the final determination of the allowable costs for any year has been made, revenue and billings may be adjustedaccordingly. Investments Our investments are classified as available-for-sale securities and are carried at fair value. Unrealized gains and losses on these securities, ifdetermined to be “other-than-temporary,” are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity. Investments are evaluatedperiodically to determine whether a decline in value is other-than-temporary. Management reviews criteria, such as the magnitude and duration of the decline,as well as the Company’s ability to hold the securities until market recovery, to predict whether the loss in value is other-than-temporary. If a decline in value isdetermined to be other-than-temporary, the value of the security is reduced and the impairment is recorded in the statements of operations. For investmentscarried at fair value, we disclose the level within the fair value hierarchy as prescribed by Accounting Standard Codification (ASC) 820, Fair ValueMeasurements and Disclosures. We evaluate the types of securities in our investment portfolio to determine the proper classification in the fair valuehierarchy based on trading activity and market inputs. We generally obtain information from an independent third-party to help us determine the fair value ofsecurities in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy. Investment income is recorded when earned and included in interest income. 41 Stock-Based Compensation We account for our stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation. This standard requires us tomeasure the cost of employee services received in exchange for equity share options granted based on the grant-date fair value of the options. Employee stock-based compensation is estimated at the date of grant based on the award’s fair value using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and is recognized as anexpense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period for those awards expected to vest. The Black-Scholes option-pricing model requires the use ofcertain assumptions, the most significant of which are our estimates of the expected volatility of the market price of our common stock and the expected termof the award. Our estimate of the expected volatility is based on historical volatility over the look-back period corresponding to the expected term. The expectedterm represents the period during which our stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding. We estimate this amount based on historical experience ofsimilar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms of the awards, vesting requirements, and expectation of future employee behavior, including post-vesting exercise and forfeiture history. We review our valuation assumptions at each grant date and, as a result, our assumptions in future periods maychange. Also, the accounting estimate of stock-based compensation expense is reasonably likely to change from period to period as further stock options aregranted and adjustments are made for stock option cancellations. Impairments of Long-Lived Assets We account for the impairment of long-lived assets by performing a periodic evaluation of the recoverability of the carrying value of long-lived assetsand whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. Examples of events or changes incircumstances that indicate that the recoverability of the carrying value of an asset should be assessed include, but are not limited to, the following: asignificant decrease in the market value of an asset, a significant change in the extent or manner in which an asset is used, a significant physical change in anasset, a significant adverse change in legal factors or in the business climate that could affect the value of an asset, an adverse action or assessment by aregulator, an accumulation of costs significantly in excess of the amount originally expected to acquire or construct an asset, a current period operating or cashflow loss combined with a history of operating or cash flow losses and/or a projection or forecast that demonstrates continuing losses associated with an assetused for the purpose of producing revenue. We consider historical performance and anticipated future results in our evaluation of potential impairment.Accordingly, when indicators of impairment are present, we evaluate the carrying value of these assets in relation to the operating performance of the businessand future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of these assets. Impairment losses are recognized when the sum of expected future cashflows is less than the assets’ carrying value. Goodwill Our goodwill is not amortized, but is subject to impairment tests annually, or more frequently should indicators of impairment arise. We havedetermined since the Company’s only business is the development of recombinant vaccines that the Company operates as a single operating segment andreporting unit. We utilize the market approach and, if considered necessary, the income approach to determine if we have an impairment of our goodwill. Themarket approach serves as the primary approach and is based on market value of invested capital. The concluded fair value significantly exceeded thecarrying value of our goodwill at December 31, 2012 and 2011. The income approach is used as a confirming look to the market approach. Goodwillimpairment is deemed to exist if the carrying value of a reporting unit exceeds its estimated fair value, which we test annually at December 31. Given the current economic conditions and the uncertainties regarding their impact on us, there can be no assurance that the estimates andassumptions made for purposes of our goodwill impairment testing will prove to be accurate predictions of the future, or that any change in the assumptions orthe current economic conditions will not trigger more frequently than on an annual basis. If our assumptions are not achieved or economic conditionsdeteriorate further, we may be required to record goodwill impairment charges in future periods. Income Taxes We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and taxbasis of assets and liabilities. Income tax receivables and liabilities, and deferred tax assets and liabilities, are recognized based on the amounts that morelikely than not would be sustained upon ultimate settlement with taxing authorities. 42 Developing our provision for income taxes and analyzing our tax position requires significant judgment and knowledge of federal and state incometax laws, regulations and strategies, including the determination of deferred tax assets and liabilities and any valuation allowances that may be required fordeferred tax assets. We assess the likelihood of realizing our deferred tax assets to determine whether an income tax valuation allowance is required. Based on suchevidence that can be objectively verified, we determine whether it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the deferred tax assets will be realized. The mainfactors that we consider include: cumulative losses in recent years; income/losses expected in future years; the applicable statute of limitations; and potentiallimitations on available net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Tax benefits associated with uncertain tax positions are recognized in the period in which one of the following conditions is satisfied: (1) the morelikely than not recognition threshold is satisfied; (2) the position is ultimately settled through negotiation or litigation; or (3) the statute of limitations for thetaxing authority to examine and challenge the position has expired. Tax benefits associated with an uncertain tax position are reversed in the period in which themore likely than not recognition threshold is no longer satisfied. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce net deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. We concluded that therealization of deferred tax assets is dependent upon future earnings, if any, the timing and amount of which are uncertain. Accordingly, our net deferred taxassets have been fully offset by a valuation allowance. Recent Accounting Guidance Not Yet Adopted We have considered the applicability and impact of all Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Updates (ASUs). Recentlyissued ASUs were evaluated and determined to be not applicable in this Annual Report. Results of Operations for Fiscal Years 2012, 2011 and 2010 (amounts in tables are presented in thousands, except per share information) The following is a discussion of the historical financial condition and results of operations of Novavax, Inc. and should be read in conjunction withthe financial statements and notes thereto set forth in this Annual Report. Additional information concerning factors that could cause actual results to differmaterially from those in our forward-looking statements is described under Item 1A. Risk Factors of this Annual Report. Revenue: 2012 2011 2010 Change 2011 to 2012 Change 2010 to2011 Revenue: Total revenue $22,076 $14,688 $343 $7,388 $14,345 Revenue for 2012 was $22.1 million as compared to $14.7 million for 2011, an increase of $7.4 million, or 50%. Revenue for 2012 and 2011 isprimarily comprised of services performed under the HHS BARDA contract that was awarded in February 2011 and, to a much lesser extent in 2012, thePATH clinical development agreement. The increase in revenue is primarily due to the pandemic (H5N1) influenza clinical trials and product developmentactivities that occurred during 2012 under the HHS BARDA contract (see below regarding the 205 Trial). Revenue for 2011 was $14.7 million as compared to $0.3 million for 2010, an increase of $14.3 million. Revenue for 2011 is comprised of servicesperformed under the HHS BARDA contract and revenue for 2010 resulted from work under other government contracts. 43 Revenue for 2012 was negatively impacted due to the Company electing to conduct the 205 Trial without immediate HHS BARDA reimbursement ofits outside clinical trial costs, which are expected to total approximately $3.1 million, of which $2.8 million was incurred during 2012 (see discussion of the205 Trial in Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Overview on page 38). For 2013, we expect a slightincrease in revenue associated with our increased product development activities under the HHS BARDA contract to support the initiation of later-stage clinicaltrials of our seasonal influenza and pandemic (H5N1) influenza vaccine candidates. Costs and Expenses: 2012 2011 2010 Change2011 to2012 Change 2010 to2011 Costs and Expenses: Cost of government contracts revenue $14,692 $7,003 $— $7,689 $7,003 Research and development 26,061 17,885 28,032 8,176 (10,147)General and administrative 10,988 11,379 10,805 (391) 574 Total costs and expenses $51,741 $36,267 $38,837 $15,474 $(2,570) Cost of Government Contracts Revenue Cost of government contracts revenue includes direct costs of salaries, laboratory supplies, consultants and subcontractors and other direct costsassociated with our process development, manufacturing, clinical, regulatory and quality assurance activities under research contracts. Cost of governmentcontracts revenue increased to $14.7 million for 2012 from $7.0 million for 2011, an increase of $7.7 million, or 110%. The increase in cost of governmentcontracts revenue is primarily due to the seasonal influenza and pandemic (H5N1) influenza clinical trials and product development activities that occurredduring 2012 under the HHS BARDA contract. Cost of government contracts revenue increased to $7.0 million for 2011 due to the development work performed under the HHS BARDA contractthat was awarded in February 2011. Cost of government contracts revenue for 2012 includes $2.8 million of direct clinical trial costs of our 205 Trial. For 2013, we expect the cost ofgovernment contracts revenue to remain flat due to fewer clinical trials in 2013 as compared to 2012, offset by increased product development activities underthe HHS BARDA contract. Research and Development Expenses Research and development expenses include salaries, laboratory supplies, consultants and subcontractors and other expenses associated with ourprocess development, manufacturing, clinical, regulatory and quality assurance activities for internally funded programs. In addition, indirect costs such as,fringe benefits and overhead expenses, are also included in research and development expenses. Research and development expenses increased to $26.1 millionfor 2012 from $17.9 million for 2011, an increase of $8.2 million, or 46%. The increase in research and development expenses was primarily due toincreased costs relating to our RSV clinical trials (an internally funded program at this time), higher employee-related costs and expenses associated with ournew manufacturing facility. For 2013, we expect a significant increase in research and development expenses primarily due to additional employee-related coststo support product development of RSV and other potential vaccine candidates. Research and development expenses decreased to $17.9 million for 2011 from $28.0 million for 2010, a decrease of $10.1 million, or 36%. Thedecrease in research and development expenses was primarily due to work performed under the HHS BARDA contract and as such, is being recorded as costof government contracts revenue, and, to a lesser extent, lower outside-testing costs (including outsourced clinical trial costs, sponsored research andconsulting agreements) as a result of fewer clinical trials in 2011. 44 Costs and Expenses by Functional Area We track our cost of government contracts revenue and research and development expenses by the type of costs incurred in identifying, developing,manufacturing and testing vaccine candidates. We evaluate and prioritize our activities according to functional area and therefore believe that project-by-projectinformation would not form a reasonable basis for disclosure to our investors. At December 31, 2012, we had 102 employees dedicated to our research anddevelopment programs versus 88 employees as of December 31, 2011. Historically, we did not account for internal research and development expenses byproject, since our employees work time is spread across multiple programs and our internal manufacturing clean-room facility produces multiple vaccinecandidates. The following summarizes our cost of government contracts revenue and research and development expenses by functional area for the year endedDecember 31 (in millions). 2012 2011 Manufacturing $18.6 $14.7 Vaccine Discovery 3.5 3.2 Clinical and Regulatory 18.7 7.0 Total cost of government contracts revenue and research anddevelopment expenses $40.8 $24.9 We do not provide forward-looking estimates of costs and time to complete our research programs due to the many uncertainties associated withvaccine development. As we obtain data from pre-clinical studies and clinical trials, we may elect to discontinue or delay clinical trials in order to focus ourresources on more promising vaccine candidates. Completion of clinical trials may take several years or more, but the length of time can vary substantiallydepending upon the phase, size of clinical trial, primary and secondary endpoints and the intended use of the vaccine candidate. The cost of clinical trialsmay vary significantly over the life of a project as a result of a variety of factors, including: ·the number of patients who participate in the clinical trials; ·the number of sites included in the clinical trials; ·if clinical trial locations are domestic, international or both; ·the time to enroll patients; ·the duration of treatment and follow-up; ·the safety and efficacy profile of the vaccine candidate; and ·the cost and timing of, and the ability to secure, regulatory approvals. As a result of these uncertainties, we are unable to determine with any significant degree of certainty the duration and completion costs of our researchand development projects or when, and to what extent, we will generate future cash flows from our research projects. General and Administrative Expenses General and administrative expenses decreased to $11.0 million in 2012 from $11.4 million for 2011, a decrease of $0.4 million, or 3%. Thedecrease in expenses was primarily due to lower employee-related costs, including severance expenses, and lower professional fees, partially offset by higherexpenses associated with our new office facility. For 2013, we expect general and administrative expenses to remain relatively flat. General and administrative expenses increased to $11.4 million in 2011 from $10.8 million for 2010, an increase of $0.6 million, or 5%. Theincrease in expenses was primarily due to higher employee-related costs, including severance expenses, partially offset by lower professional fees. 45 Other Income (Expense): 2012 2011 2010 Change2011 to 2012 Change 2010 to 2011 Other Income (Expense): Interest income $165 $136 $189 $29 $(53)Interest expense (32) (9) (9) (23) — Other income 45 26 485 19 (459)Realized gains on short-term investments 879 — — 879 — Change in fair value of warrant liability 101 2,474 1,671 (2,373) 803 Total other income (expense) $1,158 $2,627 $2,336 $(1,469) $291 We had total other income of $1.2 million for 2012 compared to total other income of $2.6 million for 2011, a decrease of $1.5 million. In 2012, twoof our auction rate securities were redeemed at approximately par value and resulted in $0.9 million in realized gains as we had recorded other than temporaryimpairments on these securities in previous periods. Additionally, we are required to calculate the fair value of our warrant liability at each reporting period. For2012, the change in fair value of the warrant liability resulted in a $2.4 million decrease in total other income as compared to 2011. We will continue to markthe warrant liability to fair value at each reporting period until the warrants are either exercised or otherwise expire on July 31, 2013. We had total other income of $2.6 million for 2011 compared to total other income of $2.3 million for 2010, an increase of $0.3 million. Otherincome decreased to less than $0.1 million for 2011 primarily resulting from the receipt of grants under our application of qualifying therapeutic discoveryproject credits in 2010. For 2011, the change in fair value of the warrant liability resulted in a $0.8 million increase in total other income as compared to 2010. Income Tax: 2012 2011 2010 Change2011 to 2012 Change2010 to 2011 Income Tax: Income tax expense (benefit) $— $412 $(450) $(412) $862 In 2011, we incurred a $0.4 million foreign withholding tax related to a payment received in accordance with a license agreement. In 2010, werecorded a deferred income tax benefit of $0.5 million related to a refundable income tax credit received and grants received as a result of qualifying therapeuticdiscovery projects under Internal Revenue Code Section 48D. Net Loss: 2012 2011 2010 Change 2011 to 2012 Change 2010 to 2011 Net Loss: Net loss $(28,507) $(19,364) $(35,708) $(9,143) $16,344 Net loss per share $(0.22) $(0.17) $(0.34) $(0.05) $0.17 Weighted average shares outstanding 131,726 113,610 104,768 18,116 8,842 Net loss for 2012 was $28.5 million, or $0.22 per share, as compared to $19.4 million, or $0.17 per share, for 2011, an increased net loss of $9.1million. The increased net loss was primarily due to higher research and development spending, including increased costs relating to our RSV clinical trials,higher employee-related costs and expenses associated with our new manufacturing facility. Net loss for 2011 was $19.4 million, or $0.17 per share, as compared to $35.7 million, or $0.34 per share, for 2010, a decreased net loss of $16.3million. The decreased net loss was primarily due to revenue recognized under the HHS BARDA agreement, as well as lower research and developmentspending as a result of fewer clinical trials in 2011. 46 The increase in weighted average shares outstanding for 2012 and 2011 is primarily a result of sales of our common stock in the aggregate of30,827,346 shares in 2012, 6,001,841 shares in 2011 and 10,513,849 shares in 2010. Liquidity Matters and Capital Resources Our future capital requirements depend on numerous factors including, but not limited to, the commitments and progress of our research anddevelopment programs, the progress of pre-clinical and clinical testing, the time and costs involved in obtaining regulatory approvals, the costs of filing,prosecuting, defending and enforcing patent claims and other intellectual property rights and manufacturing costs. We plan to continue to have multiplevaccines and products in various stages of development, and we believe our operating expenses and capital requirements will fluctuate depending upon thetiming of certain events, such as the scope, initiation, rate and progress of our pre-clinical studies and clinical trials and other research and developmentactivities. As of December 31, 2012, we had $50.3 million in cash and cash equivalents and investments as compared to $18.3 million as of December 31,2011. These amounts consisted of $17.4 million in cash and cash equivalents and $32.9 million in investments as of December 31, 2012 as compared to$14.1 million in cash and cash equivalents and $4.2 million in investments at December 31, 2011. The following table summarizes cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 (in thousands): 2012 2011 Change 2011 to 2012 Summary of Cash Flows: Net cash (used in) provided by: Operating activities $(18,229) $(23,629) $5,400 Investing activities (32,262) 18,543 (50,805)Financing activities 53,786 11,129 42,657 Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 3,295 6,043 (2,748)Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 14,104 8,061 6,043 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $17,399 $14,104 $3,295 Net cash used in operating activities decreased to $18.2 million for 2012 as compared to $23.6 million for 2011, a reduction of 23%. The decreasein cash usage was primarily due to funds received under our Improvement Allowance (as described below) and the timing of our customer and vendorpayments, partially offset by our increased net loss in 2012. During 2012 and 2011, our investing activities primarily included purchases and maturities of investments and capital expenditures. In 2012, wepurchased investments to increase our rate of return on available cash. In 2011, we utilized our investments to fund operations and increase our cash balances.Capital expenditures for 2012 and 2011 were $4.3 million and $0.6 million, respectively. The increase in capital expenditures was primarily due to thepurchase of laboratory equipment and tenant improvements necessary to modify our new manufacturing facility. For 2013, we expect our level of capitalexpenditures to decrease due to the scale-up work performed in 2012 on our new manufacturing facility. The increase in our financing activities consists primarily of increased sales of our common stock. We received net proceeds of $54.0 million fromthe direct sale of our common stock and through our 2010 Sales Agreement, as compared to $11.0 million in 2011. In November 2011, we entered into lease agreements, under which we lease our new manufacturing, laboratory and office space in Gaithersburg,Maryland. The lease agreements provide that, among other things, as of January 1, 2012, we sublease from the previous tenant, and subsequently leasedirectly from the landlord, approximately 74,000 total square feet, with rent payments for such space to the landlord commencing April 1, 2014. Under theterms of the arrangement, the landlord provided us with a tenant improvement allowance of $2.5 million and an additional tenant improvement allowance of$3 million (collectively, the Improvement Allowance). The additional tenant improvement allowance is to be paid back to the landlord over the remaining termof the lease agreement through additional rent payments. During 2012, we were funded $4.3 million under the Improvement Allowance. 47 In September 2012, we entered into a master security agreement, whereby we can borrow up to $2.0 million to finance the purchases of equipment(Equipment Loan). During 2012, we financed $0.5 million under the Equipment Loan. We have entered into agreements with outside providers to support our clinical development. As of December 31, 2012, $6.2 million remains unpaidon certain of these agreements in the event our outside providers complete their services in 2013. However, under the terms of the agreements, we have theoption to terminate for convenience pursuant to notification, but we would be obligated to pay the provider for all costs incurred through the effective date oftermination. We have licensed certain rights from Wyeth. The Wyeth license, which provides for an upfront payment (previously made), ongoing annual licensefees, milestone payments and royalties on any product sales, is a non-exclusive, worldwide license to a family of patent applications covering VLP technologyfor use in human vaccines in certain fields, with expected patent expiration in early 2022; the license may be terminated by Wyeth only for cause and may beterminated by us only after we have provided ninety (90) days notice that we have absolutely and finally ceased activity, including through any affiliate orsublicense, related to the manufacturing, development, marketing or sale of products covered by the license. Payments under the agreement to Wyeth from2007 through 2012 totaled $5.7 million, of which $0.6 million was paid in 2012. We do not expect to make a milestone payment to Wyeth in the next 12months. In connection with our JV with Cadila, we entered into a master services agreement, which we and Cadila amended first in July 2011, andsubsequently in March 2013, in each case to extend the term by one year for which services can be provided by Cadila under this agreement. Under therevised terms, if, by March 2014, the amount of services provided by Cadila under the master services agreement is less than $7.5 million, we will payCadila the portion of the shortfall amount that is less than or equal to $2.0 million and 50% of the portion of the shortfall amount that exceeds $2.0 million.Through December 31, 2012, we have purchased $0.6 million in services from Cadila pursuant to this agreement. Based on our current cash and cash equivalents and investments, including our recent private equity offerings, anticipated revenue under thecontract with HHS BARDA, possible proceeds from the sales of our common stock under our 2012 Sales Agreement and our current business operations, webelieve we have adequate capital resources available to operate at planned levels for approximately the next 24 months. Additional capital will be required in thefuture to develop our vaccine candidates through clinical development, manufacturing and commercialization. Our ability to obtain such additional capital issubject to various factors: ·generating revenue under the HHS BARDA contract is subject to our performance under the contract, including our ability to collect ondelayed reimbursement situations, such as the 205 Trial costs; and ·raising funds under our 2012 Sales Agreement is subject to both our business performance and market conditions. Further, we may seek additional capital through further public or private equity offerings, debt financing, additional strategic alliance and licensingarrangements, non-dilutive government contracts, collaborative arrangements or some combination of these financing alternatives. Any capital raised by anequity offering will likely be substantially dilutive to the existing stockholders and any licensing or development arrangement may require us to give up rightsto a product or technology at less than its full potential value. Other than our 2012 Sales Agreement, Improvement Allowance and Equipment Loan, we havenot secured any additional commitments for new financing nor can we provide any assurance that new financing will be available on commercially acceptableterms, if at all. If we are unable to perform under the HHS BARDA contract or obtain additional capital, we will assess our capital resources and will likely berequired to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate one or more of our product research and development programs, and/or downsize our organization,including our general and administrative infrastructure. 48 Contractual Obligations The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2012 (in thousands): Contractual Obligations: Total Less than One Year 1 - 3Years 3 - 5Years More than5 Years Operating leases $31,629 $2,431 $7,968 $6,713 $14,517 Capital lease 341 69 152 120 — Notes payable 910 357 514 39 — Purchase obligations 6,900 3,000 3,900 — — Total contractual obligations $39,780 $5,857 $12,534 $6,872 $14,517 Our purchase obligations include our anticipated timing of future purchases for services pursuant to the master services agreement with Cadila. Weare required to purchase from Cadila, through March 2014, services for biologic research, pre-clinical development, clinical development, processdevelopment, manufacturing scale-up and general manufacturing related services. As of December 31, 2012, our remaining obligation to Cadila under themaster services agreement was $6.9 million. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements We are not involved in any off-balance sheet agreements that have or are reasonably likely to have a material future effect on our financial condition,changes in financial condition, revenue or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources. Item 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve our capital until it is required to fund operations while at the same time maximizingthe income we receive from our investments without significantly increasing risk. As of December 31, 2012, we had cash and cash equivalents of $17.4million, investments of $32.9 million, of which $26.7 million are short-term, and working capital of $38.7 million. Our exposure to market risk is primarily confined to our investment portfolio. As of December 31, 2012, our investments were classified asavailable-for-sale. We do not believe that a change in the market rates of interest would have any significant impact on the realizable value of our investmentportfolio. Changes in interest rates may affect the investment income we earn on our investments when they mature and the proceeds are reinvested into newinvestments and, therefore, could impact our cash flows and results of operations. Interest and dividend income is recorded when earned and included in interest income. Premiums and discounts, if any, on investments areamortized or accreted to maturity and included in interest income. The specific identification method is used in computing realized gains and losses on the saleof our securities. We are headquartered in the U.S. where we conduct the vast majority of our business activities. Accordingly, we have not had any material exposureto foreign currency rate fluctuations. We do not have material debt and, as such, do not believe that we are exposed to any material interest rate risk as a result of our borrowing activities. Item 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA The information required by this item is set forth on pages F-1 to F-25. Item 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. 49 Item 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures The term “disclosure controls and procedures” (defined in SEC Rule 13a-15(e)) refers to the controls and other procedures of a company that aredesigned to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the ExchangeAct) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission.“Disclosure controls and procedures” include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by acompany in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including itsprincipal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding requireddisclosure. The Company’s management, with the participation of the chief executive officer and the chief financial officer, has evaluated the effectiveness ofthe Company’s disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this annual report (the Evaluation Date). Based on that evaluation,the Company’s chief executive officer and chief financial officer have concluded that, as of the Evaluation Date, such controls and procedures were effective. Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financialreporting is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Exchange Act, as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, theCompany’s principal executive officer and principal financial officer and effected by the Company’s board of directors, management and other personnel, toprovide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance withaccounting principles generally accepted in the United States (GAAP). Such internal control includes those policies and procedures that: ·pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of theCompany; ·provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with GAAP,and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of theCompany; and ·provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assetsthat could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation ofeffectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliancewith the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012. In making this assessment, ourmanagement used the criteria set forth in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the TreadwayCommission (COSO). Based on its assessment, our management had determined that, as of December 31, 2012, our internal controls over financial reportingis effective based on those criteria. Grant Thornton LLP has issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting. This report is included in the Reports ofIndependent Registered Public Accounting Firm in Item 15. 50 Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting Our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, has evaluated any changes in our internal control over financialreporting that occurred during the quarterly period ended December 31, 2012, and has concluded that there was no change that occurred during the quarterlyperiod ended December 31, 2012 that materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Item 9B. OTHER INFORMATION None. PART III Item 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE We incorporate herein by reference the information concerning our directors, officers and corporate governance to be included in our definitive ProxyStatement for our 2013 Annual Meeting of Stockholders scheduled to be held on June 13, 2013 (the 2013 Proxy Statement). We expect to file the 2013 ProxyStatement within 120 days after the close of the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012. Item 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION We incorporate herein by reference the information concerning executive compensation to be contained in the 2013 Proxy Statement. Item 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS We incorporate herein by reference the information concerning security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management and relatedstockholder matters to be contained in the 2013 Proxy Statement. The following table provides our equity compensation plan information as of December 31, 2012. Under these plans, our common stock may beissued upon the exercise of options. See also the information regarding our stock options in Note 13 to the financial statements included herewith. Equity Compensation Plan Information Plan Category Number of Securities to be IssuedUpon Exercise ofOutstanding Options,Warrants and Rights(a) Weighted-Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, Warrants and Rights(b) Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans (Excluding Securities Reflected in Column (a))(c) Equity compensation plans approved by security holders(1) 9,355,725 $1.95 5,752,361 Equity compensation plans not approved by securityholders N/A N/A N/A (1)Includes our 2005 Stock Incentive Plan and 1995 Stock Option Plan. 51 Item 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE We incorporate herein by reference the information concerning certain related party transactions set forth in Note 17 to our financial statementsincluded herewith. We incorporate herein by reference the information concerning certain other relationships and related transactions and director independenceto be contained in the 2013 Proxy Statement. Item 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES We incorporate herein by reference the information concerning principal accountant fees and services to be contained in the 2013 Proxy Statement. PART IV Item 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES (a)The following documents are filed as part of the Annual Report: (1)Index to Financial Statements Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting FirmF-2Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011F-4Statements of Operations and Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010F-5Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010F-6Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010F-7Notes to Financial StatementsF-8 (2)Financial Statement Schedules Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts All other financial statement schedules are omitted because they are not applicable, not required under the instructions or all the information requiredis set forth in the financial statements or notes thereto. (3)Exhibits Exhibits marked with a single asterisk (*) are filed herewith. Exhibits marked with a double plus sign (††) refer to management contracts, compensatory plans or arrangements. Confidential treatment has been granted for portions of exhibits marked with a double asterisk (**). All other exhibits listed have previously been filed with the Commission and are incorporated herein by reference. 52 3.1Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Registrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Annual Reporton Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1996, filed March 21, 1997), as amended by the Certificate of Amendment datedDecember 18, 2000 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,2000, filed March 29, 2001), as further amended by the Certificate of Amendment dated July 8, 2004 (Incorporated by reference toExhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2004, filed August 9, 2004), as further amendedby the Certificate of Amendment dated May 13, 2009 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009, filed August 10, 2009) 3.2*Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company 4.1Specimen stock certificate for shares of common stock, par value $.01 per share (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’sRegistration Statement on Form 10, File No. 0-26770, filed September 14, 1995) 4.2Registration Rights Agreement between Novavax, Inc. and Satellite Overseas (Holdings) Limited, dated March 31, 2009 (Incorporated byreference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2009) 4.3Form of Common Stock Purchase Warrant (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filedJuly 30, 2008) 10.1††Novavax, Inc. 1995 Stock Option Plan, as amended (Incorporated by reference to Appendix A of the Company’s Definitive Proxy Statementfiled March 31, 2003 in connection with the Annual Meeting held on May 7, 2003) (File No. 000-26770) 10.2*††Novavax, Inc. Amended and Restated 2005 Stock Incentive Plan 10.3††Employment Agreement of Stanley C. Erck, dated as of February 15, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’sCurrent Report on Form 8-K, filed June 1, 2010) 10.4††Employment Agreement of Stanley C. Erck, dated as of June 22, 2011 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s QuarterlyReport for the quarter ended June 30, 2011, filed August 9, 2011) 10.5††Employment Agreement between Novavax, Inc. and Frederick Driscoll dated August 6, 2009 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to theCompany’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed August 7, 2009) 10.6††Employment Agreement of Gregory Glenn dated July 1, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report onForm 8-K, filed July 6, 2010) 10.7††Employment Agreement of Russell Wilson dated November 7, 2011 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s CurrentReport on Form 8-K, filed November 14, 2011) 10.8††Employment Agreement of Timothy Hahn dated June 22, 2011 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to the Company’s Annual Reporton Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, filed March 14, 2012) 10.9††Novavax, Inc. Amended and Restated Change in Control Severance Benefit Plan, (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’sCurrent Report on Form 8-K, filed January 5, 2009) 10.10††Form of Indemnity Agreement, as of January 1, 2010 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009, filed March 16, 2010) 53 10.11Lease Agreement, dated as of July 15, 2004, between Liberty Property Limited Partnership and the Company (Incorporated by reference toExhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report in Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2004, filed August 9, 2004) 10.12Sublease Agreement, dated April 28, 2006, by and between the Company and Sterilox Technologies, Inc. (now PuriCore, Inc.) (Incorporatedby reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2006, filed August 14, 2006) 10.13Amendment dated as of October 25, 2006 to the Sublease Agreement, dated April 28, 2006, by and between the Company and SteriloxTechnologies, Inc. (now PuriCore, Inc.) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for thequarter ended September 30, 2006, filed November 14, 2006) 10.14Second Amendment to Sublease Agreement between Novavax, Inc. and PuriCore, Inc., dated April 22, 2009 (Incorporated by reference toExhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Quarterly Report for the quarter ended June 30, 2009, filed August 10, 2009) 10.15Third Amendment to Sublease Agreement between Novavax, Inc. and PuriCore, Inc., dated December 29, 2010 (Incorporated by reference toExhibit 10.24 to the Company’s Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2010, filed March 28, 2011) 10.16Lease Agreement between GP Rock One, LLC and Novavax, Inc., dated as of May 7, 2007 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to theCompany’s Quarterly Report for the quarter ended June 30, 2008, filed August 11, 2008) 10.17First Amendment to Lease Agreement between GP Rock One, LLC and Novavax, Inc., dated as of May 30, 2008 (Incorporated by reference toExhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Quarterly Report for the quarter ended June 30, 2008, filed August 11, 2008) 10.18Second Amendment to Lease Agreement between BMR-9920 Belward Campus Q, LLC (formerly GP Rock One, LLC) and Novavax, Inc.,dated as of June 26, 2008 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Quarterly Report for the quarter ended June 30, 2008,filed August 11, 2008) 10.19Lease Agreement for space at 20 Firstfield between ARE-20/22/1300 Firstfield Quince Orchard, LLC and Novavax, Inc., dated as ofNovember 18, 2011 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December31, 2011, filed March 14, 2012) 10.20Sublease Agreement for space at 20 Firstfield between Intercell USA, Inc. and Novavax, Inc., dated as of October 21, 2011 and effective as ofNovember 18, 2011 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December31, 2011, filed March 14, 2012) 10.21Lease Agreement for space at 22 Firstfield between ARE-20/22/1300 Firstfield Quince Orchard, LLC and Novavax, Inc., dated as ofNovember 18, 2011 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December31, 2011, filed March 14, 2012) 10.22**Contract, effective as of February 24, 2011, between the Company and HHS/OS/ASPR/BARDA (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 tothe Company’s Amendment No. 1 to its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter ended March 31, 2011, filed November 4, 2011) 10.23**License Agreement, entered in February 25, 2011, effective as of December 9, 2010, between the Company and LG Life Sciences, Ltd.(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Amendment No. 1 to its Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q/A for the quarter endedMarch 31, 2011, filed November 4, 2011) 54 10.24**License Agreement, dated July 5, 2007, between the Company and Wyeth Holdings Corporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 tothe Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2007, filed August 9, 2007) 10.25**Amendment No. 1 to License Agreement, effective as of March 17, 2010, between the Company and Wyeth Holdings Corporation(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.49 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2010, filedAugust 6, 2010) 10.26At Market Issuance Sales Agreement, dated March 15, 2010, by and between Novavax, Inc. and McNicoll, Lewis and Vlak, LLC(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.37 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2009, filedMarch 16, 2010) 10.27At Market Issuance Sales Agreement, dated October 1, 2012, by and between Novavax, Inc. and MLV & Co. LLC (Incorporated by referenceto Exhibit 1.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed October 2, 2012) 10.28Stock Purchase Agreement between Novavax, Inc. and Satellite Overseas (Holdings) Limited, dated March 31, 2009 (Incorporated byreference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2009) 10.29**Amended and Restated Joint Venture Agreement between Novavax Inc. and Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited, dated as of June 29, 2009(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009, filed onAugust 10, 2009) 10.30**Amended and Restated Master Services Agreement between Novavax, Inc. and Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited, dated as of June 29, 2009(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009, filed onAugust 10, 2009) 10.31Amendment No. 1 to Master Services Agreement between Novavax, Inc. and Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited dated July 27, 2011(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2011, filedon November 8, 2011) 10.32*Amendment No. 2 to Master Services Agreement between Novavax, Inc. and Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited dated March 7, 2013 10.33**Amended and Restated Supply Agreement between Novavax, Inc. and CPL Biologicals Limited, dated as of June 29, 2009 (Incorporated byreference to Exhibit 10.6 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009, filed on August 10, 2009) 10.34**Amended and Restated Technical Services Agreement between Novavax, Inc. and CPL Biologicals Limited, dated as of June 29, 2009(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009, filed onAugust 10, 2009) 10.35**Amended and Restated Seasonal / Other License Agreement between Novavax, Inc. and CPL Biologicals Limited, dated as of June 29, 2009(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009, filed onAugust 10, 2009) 10.36**Amended and Restated Option to Obtain License between Novavax, Inc. and CPL Biologicals Limited, dated as of June 29, 2009(Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2009, filed onAugust 10, 2009) 10.37**H1N1 License to Agreement between Novavax, Inc. and CPL Biologicals Private Limited, dated October 6, 2009 (Incorporated by reference toExhibit 10.45 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010) 55 14Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 14 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for thequarter ended June 30, 2011, filed on August 9, 2011) 23.1*Consent of Grant Thornton LLP, Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 31.1*Certification of chief executive officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(e) of the Securities Exchange Act 31.2*Certification of chief financial officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(e) of the Securities Exchange Act 32.1*Certification of chief executive officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of2002 32.2*Certification of chief financial officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of2002 56 SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed onits behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. NOVAVAX, INC. By:/s/ Stanley C. Erck President and Chief Executive Officer and Director Date: March 12, 2013 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of theRegistrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated: Name Title Date /s/ Stanley C. Erck President and Chief Executive Officer and March 12, 2013Stanley C. Erck Director (Principal Executive Officer) /s/ Frederick W. Driscoll Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and March 12, 2013Frederick W. Driscoll Treasurer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) s/ James F. Young Chairman of the Board of Directors March 12, 2013James F. Young /s/ Richard H. Douglas Director March 12, 2013Richard H. Douglas /s/ Gary C. Evans Director March 12, 2013Gary C. Evans /s/ John O. Marsh, Jr. Director March 12, 2013John O. Marsh, Jr. /s/ Michael A. McManus Director March 12, 2013Michael A. McManus /s/ Rajiv Modi Director March 12, 2013Rajiv Modi 57 INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTSYears ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 Contents Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting FirmF-2Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011F-4Statements of Operations and Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010F-5Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010F-6Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010F-7Notes to Financial StatementsF-8 Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts F-1 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Board of Directors and Stockholders ofNovavax, Inc. We have audited the accompanying balance sheets of Novavax, Inc. (a Delaware corporation) (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2012 and 2011,and the related statements of operations, comprehensive loss, changes in stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period endedDecember 31, 2012. Our audits of the basic financial statements included the financial statement schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2).These financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinionon these financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standardsrequire that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An auditincludes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing theaccounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe thatour audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Novavax, Inc. as ofDecember 31, 2012 and 2011, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012 inconformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, whenconsidered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Company’sinternal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by theCommittee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) and our report dated March 12, 2013 expressed an unqualified opinion. /s/ Grant Thornton LLP McLean, VirginiaMarch 12, 2013 F-2 REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM Board of Directors and Stockholders ofNovavax, Inc. We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of Novavax, Inc. (a Delaware Corporation) (the “Company”) as of December 31, 2012,based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the TreadwayCommission (COSO). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment ofthe effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting.Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standardsrequire that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in allmaterial respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weaknessexists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as weconsidered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financialreporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internalcontrol over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately andfairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary topermit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company arebeing made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention ortimely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of anyevaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree ofcompliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, basedon criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by COSO. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the financialstatements of the Company as of and for the year-ended December 31, 2012, and our report dated March 12, 2013 expressed an unqualified opinion on thosefinancial statements. /s/ Grant Thornton LLP McLean, VAMarch 12, 2013 F-3 NOVAVAX, INC. BALANCE SHEETS December 31, 2012 2011 (in thousands, except share and per share information) ASSETSCurrent assets: Cash and cash equivalents $17,399 $14,104 Short-term investments available-for-sale 26,712 4,205 Restricted cash 986 — Accounts receivables 1,011 1,965 Unbilled receivables 1,570 1,836 Prepaid expenses 2,559 2,441 Other current assets 171 1,558 Total current assets 50,408 26,109 Investments available-for-sale 6,233 — Property and equipment, net 11,456 6,857 Goodwill 33,141 33,141 Restricted cash 756 — Other non-current assets 351 469 Total assets $102,345 $66,576 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITYCurrent liabilities: Accounts payable $3,228 $2,645 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities 7,275 4,528 Deferred revenue 258 — Current portion of capital lease 58 — Current portion of notes payable 157 20 Warrant liability 267 — Deferred rent 432 386 Total current liabilities 11,675 7,579 Deferred revenue 2,500 2,500 Non-current portion of capital lease 237 — Non-current portion of notes payable 753 300 Warrant liability — 368 Deferred rent 6,940 1,980 Total liabilities 22,105 12,727 Commitments and contingences — — Stockholders’ equity: Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding — — Common stock, $0.01 par value, 200,000,000 shares authorized; and 148,398,747 shares issued and147,943,317 shares outstanding at December 31, 2012 and 117,480,867 shares issued and 117,025,437shares outstanding at December 31, 2011 1,484 1,175 Additional paid-in capital 438,939 383,948 Accumulated deficit (358,163) (329,656)Treasury stock, 455,430 shares, cost basis (2,450) (2,450)Accumulated other comprehensive income 430 832 Total stockholders’ equity 80,240 53,849 Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity $102,345 $66,576 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F-4 NOVAVAX, INC. STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS For the Years ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 (in thousands, except per share information) Revenue: Government contracts $20,671 $14,688 $343 Research and development collaborations 1,405 — — Total revenue 22,076 14,688 343 Costs and expenses: Cost of government contracts revenue 14,692 7,003 — Research and development 26,061 17,885 28,032 General and administrative 10,988 11,379 10,805 Total costs and expenses 51,741 36,267 38,837 Loss from operations before other income (expense) (29,665) (21,579) (38,494)Other income (expense): Interest income 165 136 189 Interest expense (32) (9) (9)Other income 45 26 485 Realized gains on short-term investments 879 — — Change in fair value of warrant liability 101 2,474 1,671 Loss from operations before income tax (28,507) (18,952) (36,158)Income tax expense (benefit) ─ 412 (450)Net loss $(28,507) $(19,364) $(35,708) Basic and diluted net loss per share: $(0.22) $(0.17) $(0.34) Basic and diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding 131,726 113,610 104,768 STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS For the Years ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 (in thousands) Comprehensive loss: Net loss $(28,507) $(19,364) $(35,708)Change in unrealized gain on investments available-for-sale (402) 60 (48)Comprehensive loss $(28,909) $(19,304) $(35,756) The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F-5 NOVAVAX, INC. STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITYFor the Years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 Notes Accumulated Additional Receivable Other Total Common Stock Paid-in From Former Accumulated Treasury Comprehensive Stockholders’ Shares Amount Capital Directors Deficit Stock Income Equity (in thousands, except share information) Balance at December 31, 2009 100,717,890 1,007 346,731 (1,572) (274,584) (2,450) 820 69,952 Non-cash compensation cost for stock options and restrictedstock — — 1,339 — — — — 1,339 Exercise of stock options 261,942 3 423 — — — — 426 Restricted stock issued as compensation 75,000 1 (1) — — — — — Restricted stock cancelled (76,667) (1) 1 — — — — — Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs of $468 10,513,849 105 22,984 — — — — 23,089 Unrealized gain (loss) on investments — — — — — — (48) (48)Net loss — — — — (35,708) — — (35,708)Balance at December 31, 2010 111,492,014 1,115 371,477 (1,572) (310,292) (2,450) 772 59,050 Non-cash compensation cost for stock options and restrictedstock — — 2,047 — — — — 2,047 Exercise of stock options 198,679 2 177 — — — — 179 Restricted stock issued as compensation 50,000 1 (1) — — — — — Cancellation of common stock issued to former directors (261,667) (3) (1,519) 1,572 — — — 50 Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs of $246 6,001,841 60 11,767 — — — — 11,827 Unrealized gain (loss) on investments — — — — — — 60 60 Net loss — — — — (19,364) — — (19,364)Balance at December 31, 2011 117,480,867 1,175 383,948 — (329,656) (2,450) 832 53,849 Non-cash compensation cost for stock options and restrictedstock — — 2,091 — — — — 2,091 Exercise of stock options 90,534 1 53 — — — — 54 Issuance of common stock, net of issuance costs of $365 30,827,346 308 52,847 — — — — 53,155 Unrealized gain (loss) on investments — — — — — — (402) (402)Net loss — — — — (28,507) — — (28,507)Balance at December 31, 2012 148,398,747 $1,484 $438,939 $— $(358,163) $(2,450) $430 $80,240 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F-6 NOVAVAX, INC. STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS For the Years ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 (in thousands) Operating Activities: Net loss $(28,507) $(19,364) $(35,708)Reconciliation of net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Change in fair value of warrant liability (101) (2,474) (1,671)Depreciation and amortization 1,666 1,613 1,372 (Gain) Loss on disposal of property and equipment (28) ― 35 Impairment of long-lived assets ― 360 162 Amortization of net premiums on investments (18) 317 247 Deferred rent 660 (341) (282)Non-cash stock-based compensation 2,091 2,047 1,339 Realized gains on short-term investments (879) ― ― Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Restricted cash (986) ― ― Accounts receivables 954 (1,911) 204 Unbilled receivables 266 (1,836) ― Prepaid expenses and other assets 40 (1,854) (312)Accounts payable and accrued expenses 2,009 (2,686) 1,912 Deferred revenue 258 2,500 (150)Lease incentives received 4,346 ― ― Net cash used in operating activities (18,229) (23,629) (32,852) Investing Activities: Capital expenditures (4,341) (610) (1,556)Proceeds from disposal of property and equipment 324 ― ― Purchases of investments (48,652) (2,082) (38,717)Proceeds from maturities and redemptions of investments 20,407 21,235 19,000 Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities (32,262) 18,543 (21,273) Financing Activities: Principal payments of capital lease (104) ― ― Principal payments of notes payable (60) (80) (86)Proceeds from notes payable 650 ― ― Proceeds from settlement of notes receivable from former directors ― 50 ― Restricted cash (756) ― ― Net proceeds from sales of common stock, net of offering costs of $0.4 million, $0.2 millionand $0.5 million, respectively 54,002 10,980 23,089 Proceeds from the exercise of stock options 54 179 426 Net cash provided by financing activities 53,786 11,129 23,429 Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 3,295 6,043 (30,696)Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 14,104 8,061 38,757 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $17,399 $14,104 $8,061 Supplemental disclosure of non-cash activities: Deposit applied towards the purchase of equipment $500 $― $― Equipment acquired under a capital lease $399 $― $― Equipment purchases included in accounts payable and accrued expenses $1,321 $14 $418 Settlement of notes receivable from former directors $― $1,522 $― Sale of common stock under the 2010 Sales Agreement not settled at year-end $― $847 $― Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: Cash interest payments $20 $― $― The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements. F-7 NOVAVAX, INC. NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTSDecember 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010 Note 1 – Organization Novavax, Inc. (the “Company”) is a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company focused on developing recombinant protein nanoparticle vaccines toaddress a broad range of infectious diseases. The Company’s technology platform is based on proprietary recombinant vaccine technology that includes virus-like particles (“VLPs”) and recombinant protein micelle vaccines combined with a single-use bioprocessing production system. These vaccine candidates aregenetically engineered three-dimensional nanostructures that incorporate immunologically important recombinant proteins. The Company’s product pipelinetargets a variety of infectious diseases and its vaccine candidates are currently in or have completed clinical trials that target seasonal influenza, pandemic(H5N1) influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (“RSV”). In 2009, the Company formed a joint venture with Cadila Pharmaceuticals Limited (“Cadila”) named CPL Biologicals Private Limited (the “JV”) todevelop and manufacture vaccines, biological therapeutics and diagnostics in India. The JV is owned 20% by the Company and 80% by Cadila (See Note 7).The Company accounts for its investment in the JV using the equity method. Note 2 – Operations The Company’s vaccine candidates currently under development will require significant additional research and development efforts that includeextensive pre-clinical and clinical testing, and regulatory approval prior to commercial use. The Company’s research and development efforts may not besuccessful and any potential vaccine candidates may not prove to be safe and effective in clinical trials. Even if developed, these vaccine candidates may notreceive regulatory approval or be successfully introduced and marketed at prices that would permit the Company to operate profitably. The commercial launchof any vaccine is subject to significant risks including, but not limited to, manufacturing scale-up and market acceptance. As a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, the Company has primarily funded its operations from proceeds through the sale of its commonstock in equity offerings and under its At Market Issuance Sales Agreements and revenue under its contract with the Department of Health and HumanServices, Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (“HHS BARDA”). Management regularly reviews the Company’s cash and cashequivalents and investments against its operating budget to ensure the Company will have sufficient working capital, and will continue to draw upon suchavailable sources of capital to meet its operating needs. Note 3 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Use of Estimates The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, requires management tomake estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of thefinancial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents consist of highly liquid investments with maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase. F-8 Investments Investments consist of commercial paper, corporate notes and investments in auction rate securities. Classification of marketable securities betweencurrent and non-current is dependent upon the original maturity date at purchase. Those securities purchased with original maturities greater than 90 days, butless than one year are classified as current and those with greater than one year as non-current. Interest and dividend income is recorded when earned and included in interest income. Premiums and discounts, if any, on investments areamortized or accreted to maturity and included in interest income. The specific identification method is used in computing realized gains and losses on the saleof the Company’s securities. The Company has classified its investments as available-for-sale since the Company may need to liquidate these securities within the next year. Theavailable-for-sale securities are carried at fair value and unrealized gains and losses on these securities, if determined to be temporary, are included inaccumulated other comprehensive income (loss) in stockholders’ equity. Investments are evaluated periodically to determine whether a decline in value is“other-than-temporary.” The term “other-than-temporary” is not intended to indicate a permanent decline in value. Rather, it means that the prospects for a nearterm recovery of value are not necessarily favorable, or that there is a lack of evidence to support fair values equal to, or greater than, the carrying value of thesecurity. Management reviews criteria, such as the magnitude and duration of the decline, as well as the Company’s ability to hold the securities until marketrecovery, to predict whether the loss in value is other-than-temporary. If a decline in value is determined to be other-than-temporary, the value of the security isreduced and the impairment is recorded in the statements of operations. Concentration of Credit Risk Financial instruments, which possibly expose the Company to concentration of credit risk, consist primarily of cash and cash equivalents andinvestments. The Company’s investment policy limits investments to certain types of instruments, including auction rate securities, high-grade corporate debtsecurities and money market instruments, places restrictions on maturities and concentrations in certain industries and requires the Company to maintain acertain level of liquidity. At times, the Company maintains cash balances in financial institutions, which may exceed federally insured limits. The Companyhas not experienced any losses relating to such accounts and believes it is not exposed to a significant credit risk on its cash and cash equivalents. Thecarrying value of cash and cash equivalents approximates their fair value based on their short-term maturities at December 31, 2012 and 2011. As discussedbelow, the fair value of investments is based upon Level 2 data. Fair Value Measurements The Company applies Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures, for financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. ASC 820 discusses valuation techniques, such as the market approach (comparable market prices), the income approach (present value of futureincome or cash flow) and the cost approach (cost to replace the service capacity of an asset or replacement cost). The statement utilizes a fair value hierarchythat prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels: ·Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.·Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. These include quoted prices forsimilar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active.·Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions. F-9 Restricted Cash The Company’s restricted cash includes payments received under the PATH agreement (See Note 6) until such time as the Company has paid for thework performed for the related Phase II RSV clinical trial. In addition, the Company’s non-current restricted cash with respect to its new manufacturing,laboratory and office space in Gaithersburg, Maryland functions as collateral for letters of credit, which serve as security deposits for the duration of theleases. Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable arise primarily from the Company’s contract with HHS BARDA and are reported at amounts expected to be collected in futureperiods. No allowance for doubtful accounts is deemed necessary. Property and Equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, generallythree to ten years. Amortization of leasehold improvements is provided over the shorter of the estimated useful lives of the improvements or the term of the lease.Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred. Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill and intangible assets deemed to have indefinite lives are not amortized, but are subject to impairment tests annually or more frequentlyshould indicators of impairment arise. The Company has determined since its only business is the development of recombinant vaccines that it operates as asingle operating segment and reporting unit. The Company utilizes primarily the market approach and, if considered necessary, the income approach todetermine if it has an impairment of its goodwill. The market approach is based on market value of invested capital. When utilized, the income approach isused as a confirming look to the market approach. Goodwill impairment is deemed to exist if the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its estimated fairvalue. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company used the market approach to determine if the Company had an impairment of its goodwill. Step oneof the impairment test states that if the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill is considered not to be impaired. The fair value ofthe Company’s reporting unit was substantially higher than the carrying value, resulting in no impairment to goodwill at December 31, 2012 and 2011. Equity Method Investment The Company has an equity investment in CPL Biologicals Private Limited. The Company accounts for this investment using the equity method(see Note 7). Under the equity method of accounting, investments are stated at initial cost and are adjusted for subsequent additional investments and theCompany’s proportionate share of earnings or losses and distributions up to the amount initially invested or advanced. Long-Lived Assets The Company accounts for the impairment of its long-lived assets in accordance with ASC 360, Property, Plant and Equipment. This financialstandard requires a periodic evaluation of the recoverability of the carrying value of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate thatthe carrying value of the asset may not be recoverable. The Company considers historical performance and anticipated future results in its evaluation ofpotential impairment. Accordingly, when indicators of impairment are present, the Company evaluates the carrying value of these assets in relation to theoperating performance of the business and future undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use of these assets. Impairment losses are recognizedwhen the sum of expected future cash flows is less than the assets’ carrying value, and losses are determined based upon the excess carrying value of theassets over its fair value. F-10 Revenue Recognition The Company performs research and development for U.S. Government agencies and other collaborators under cost reimbursable and fixed pricecontracts, including license and clinical development agreements. The Company recognizes revenue under research contracts when a contract has beenexecuted, the contract price is fixed and determinable, delivery of services or products has occurred and collection of the contract price is reasonably assured.Payments received in advance of work performed are recorded as deferred revenue and losses on contracts, if any, are recognized in the period in which theybecome known. Under cost reimbursable contracts, the Company is reimbursed and recognizes revenue as allowable costs are incurred plus a portion of the fixed-feeearned. The Company considers fixed-fees under cost reimbursable contracts to be earned in proportion to the allowable costs incurred in performance of thework as compared to total estimated contract costs, with such costs incurred representing a reasonable measurement of the proportional performance of thework completed. Under its HHS BARDA contract, certain activities must be pre-approved by HHS BARDA in order for their costs to be deemed allowabledirect costs. Direct costs incurred under cost reimbursable contracts are recorded as cost of government contracts revenue. The Company’s governmentcontracts, including its HHS BARDA contract, provide the U.S. government (or agency) the ability to terminate the contract for convenience or to terminate fordefault if the Company fails to meet its obligations as set forth in the statement of work. The Company believes that if the government were to terminate one ofits contracts for convenience, including the HHS BARDA contract, the costs incurred through the effective date of such termination and any settlement costsresulting from such termination would be allowable costs. Payments to the Company under cost reimbursable contracts with agencies of the U.S. Government,including its contract with HHS BARDA, are provisional payments subject to adjustment upon annual audit by the government. An audit by the governmentof fiscal year 2011 has been initiated, but not completed as of the date of this filing; however, management believes that revenue for periods subject to audithas been recorded in amounts that are expected to be realized upon final audit and settlement. The Company’s collaborative research and development agreements may include an upfront payment, payments for research and developmentservices, milestone payments and royalties. Agreements with multiple deliverables are evaluated to determine if the deliverables can be divided into more thanone unit of accounting. A deliverable can generally be considered a separate unit of accounting if both of the following criteria are met: (1) the delivered item(s)has value to the customer on a stand-alone basis; and (2) if the arrangement includes a general right of return relative to the delivered item(s), delivery orperformance of the undelivered item(s) is considered probable and substantially in control of the Company. Deliverables that cannot be divided into separateunits are combined with other units of accounting, as appropriate. Consideration received is allocated among the separate units of accounting based on therelative selling price method. Deliverables under these arrangements typically include rights to intellectual property, research and development services andinvolvement by the parties in steering committees. Historically, deliverables under the Company’s collaborative research and development agreements havebeen deemed to have no stand-alone value and as a result have been treated as a single unit of accounting. In addition, the Company analyzes its contracts andcollaborative agreements to determine whether the payments received should be recorded as revenue or as a reduction to research and development expenses. Inreaching this determination, management considers a number of factors, including whether the Company is principal under the arrangement, and whether thearrangement is significant to, and part of, the Company’s core operations. Historically, payments received under its contracts and collaborative agreementshave been recognized as revenue since the Company acts as a principal in the arrangement and the activities are core to its operations. When the performance under a fixed price contract can be reasonably estimated, revenue for fixed price contracts is recognized under the proportionalperformance method and earned in proportion to the contract costs incurred in performance of the work as compared to total estimated contract costs. Costsincurred under fixed price contracts represent a reasonable measurement of proportional performance of the work. Direct costs incurred under collaborativeresearch and development agreements are recorded as research and development expenses. If the performance under a fixed price contract cannot be reasonablyestimated, the Company recognizes the revenue on a straight-line basis over the contract term. Revenue associated with upfront payments under arrangements is recognized over the contract term or when all obligations associated with theupfront payment have been satisfied. F-11 Revenue from the achievement of research and development milestones, if deemed substantive, is recognized as revenue when the milestones areachieved and the milestone payments are due and collectible. If not deemed substantive, the Company would recognize such milestone as revenue upon itsachievement on a straight-line basis over the remaining expected term of the research and development period. Milestones are considered substantive if all of thefollowing conditions are met: (1) the milestone is non-refundable; (2) there is substantive uncertainty of achievement of the milestone at the inception of thearrangement; (3) substantive effort is involved to achieve the milestone and such achievement relates to past performance; and (4) the amount of the milestoneappears reasonable in relation to the effort expended and all of the deliverables and payment terms in the arrangement. Cost of Government Contracts Revenue Cost of government contracts revenue includes direct costs of salaries, laboratory supplies, consultants and subcontractors and other direct costsassociated with the Company’s process development, manufacturing, clinical, regulatory and quality assurance activities under research contracts. Cost ofgovernment contracts revenue does not include allocations of indirect costs. Stock-Based Compensation The Company accounts for stock-based compensation related to grants of stock options and restricted stock awards at fair value. The Companyrecognizes compensation expense related to such awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period (generally the vesting period) of the equityawards that are expected to vest, which typically occurs ratably over periods ranging from six months to four years. See Note 13 for a further discussion onstock-based compensation. The expected term of stock options granted was based on the Company’s historical option exercise experience and post-vesting forfeiture experienceusing the historical expected term from the vesting date. The expected volatility of the options granted was determined using historical volatilities based onstock prices over a look-back period corresponding to the expected term. The risk-free interest rate was determined using the yield available for zero-couponU.S. government issues with a remaining term equal to the expected term of the options. The forfeiture rate was determined using historical pre-vestingforfeiture rates since the inception of the plans. The Company has never paid a dividend, and as such, the dividend yield is zero. Restricted stock awards to employees and directors have been recorded as compensation expense over the expected vesting period based on the fairvalue at the award date and the number of shares ultimately expected to vest using the straight-line method of amortization. The Company accounts for share-based awards issued to non-employees by determining the fair value of equity awards given as consideration for services rendered to be recognized ascompensation expense over the shorter of the vesting or service periods. In cases where an equity award is not fully vested, such equity award must berevalued on each subsequent reporting date until vesting is complete with a cumulative catch-up adjustment recognized for any changes in its estimated fairvalue. Research and Development Expenses Research and development expenses include salaries, laboratory supplies, consultants and subcontractors and other expenses associated with theCompany’s process development, manufacturing, clinical, regulatory and quality assurance activities for internally funded programs. In addition, indirectcosts such as, fringe benefits and overhead expenses, are also included in research and development expenses. These expenses exclude costs associated withcost of government contracts revenue. Warrant Accounting The Company accounts for the Warrants in accordance with applicable accounting guidance in ASC 815, Derivatives and Hedging, as derivativeliabilities. The term of the Warrants expire July 31, 2013, as such the Warrants have been classified accordingly in the Company’s balance sheet. Incompliance with applicable accounting standards, registered warrants that require the issuance of registered shares upon exercise and do not sufficientlypreclude an implied right to cash settlement are accounted for as derivative liabilities. The Company uses the Monte Carlo Simulation model to determine thefair value of the Warrants, which requires the input of subjective assumptions, including the expected stock price volatility and probability of a fundamentaltransaction (a strategic merger or sale). F-12 The fair value of the Warrants as of December 31 was estimated with the following assumptions: 2012 2011 Underlying price of common stock per share $1.89 $1.26 Exercise price per share $3.62 $3.62 Risk-free interest rate 0.11% 0.20%Dividend yield 0% 0%Volatility 72.6% 72.5%Expected term (in years) 0.58 1.58 Probability of a fundamental transaction 0%-5% 0%-5% The revaluation of the estimated fair value of Warrants at each subsequent balance sheet date results in a change in the carrying value of the liability,which is recorded as “change in fair value of warrant liability” in the statements of operations. Income Taxes The Company accounts for income taxes in accordance with ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes. Under the liability method, deferred income taxes arerecognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and theirrespective tax basis and operating loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxableincome in the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect of changes in tax rates on deferred tax assets andliabilities is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce net deferred taxassets to the amount expected to be realized. Tax benefits associated with uncertain tax positions are recognized in the period in which one of the following conditions is satisfied: (1) the morelikely than not recognition threshold is satisfied; (2) the position is ultimately settled through negotiation or litigation; or (3) the statute of limitations for thetaxing authority to examine and challenge the position has expired. Tax benefits associated with an uncertain tax position are reversed in the period in which themore likely than not recognition threshold is no longer satisfied. Interest and penalties related to income tax matters are recorded as income tax expense. At December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company had noaccruals for interest or penalties related to income tax matters. Net Loss per Share Net loss per share is computed using the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. All outstanding warrants, stock optionsand unvested restricted stock awards totaling 12,732,383, 11,284,054 and 9,344,635 shares at December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively, areexcluded from the computation for 2012, 2011 and 2010, as their effect is anti-dilutive. Segment Information The Company manages its business as one operating segment: developing recombinant vaccines. The Company does not operate separate lines ofbusiness with respect to its vaccine candidates. Accordingly, the Company does not have separately reportable segments as defined by ASC 280, SegmentReporting. F-13 Recent Accounting Pronouncements Recently Adopted In June 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU 2011-05, Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Presentation ofComprehensive Income (“ASU 2011-05”). This guidance is intended to increase the prominence of other comprehensive income in financial statements bypresenting it in either a single-statement or two-statement approach. This ASU was effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2012. This presentationrequirement was adopted January 1, 2012 and is presented herein. In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Testing Goodwill for Impairment (“ASU2011-08”), to give both public and nonpublic entities the option to qualitatively determine whether they can bypass the two-step goodwill impairment test.Under the new guidance, if an entity chooses to perform a qualitative assessment and determines that it is more likely than not (a more than 50 percentlikelihood) that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, it would then perform Step 1 of the annual goodwill impairment test inASC 350-20 and, if necessary, proceed to Step 2. Otherwise, no further evaluation would be necessary. The decision to perform a qualitative assessment ismade at the reporting unit level, and an entity with multiple reporting units may utilize a mix of qualitative assessments and quantitative tests among itsreporting units. The amended guidance was effective for interim and annual goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning afterDecember 15, 2011, although early adoption was permitted. The adoption of ASU 2011-08 on January 1, 2012 did not have a material effect on theCompany’s financial statements. Note 4 – Fair Value Measurements The following table represents the Company’s fair value hierarchy for its financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis: Fair Value at December 31, 2012 Fair Value at December 31, 2011 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Assets Corporate debt securities and auction rate securities $— $32,945 $— $— $4,205 $— Total investments $— $32,945 $— $— $4,205 $— Liabilities Warrant liabilities $— $— $267 $— $— $368 During the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, the Company did not have any transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 assets or liabilities. The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of Level 3 assets and liabilities measured on a recurring basis forthe year ended December 31, 2012 (in thousands): Fair Value Measurements ofWarrants Using SignificantUnobservable Inputs(Level 3) Balance at December 31, 2011 $368 Change in fair value of Warrant liability (101)Balance at December 31, 2012 $267 The amounts in the Company’s balance sheet for accounts receivables, unbilled receivables and accounts payable approximate fair value due to theirshort-term nature. Based on borrowing rates available to the Company, the fair value of capital lease and notes payable approximates their carrying value. F-14 Note 5 – Investments Investments classified as available-for-sale as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 were comprised of (in thousands): December 31, 2012 December 31, 2011 AmortizedCost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value AmortizedCost Gross Unrealized Gains Gross Unrealized Losses Fair Value Auction rate securities $1,175 $409 $— $1,584 $3,373 $832 $— $4,205 Corporate debt securities 31,340 21 — 31,361 — — — — Total $32,515 $430 $— $32,945 $3,373 $832 $— $4,205 Non-current investments had original maturities at purchase of greater than one year, but less than two years. In 2012, the Company received proceeds of $3.1 million from the redemption of two auction rate securities resulting in realized gains of $0.9million. Approximately $0.3 million of these realized gains resulted from reclassification adjustments out of accumulated other comprehensive income duringthe period. Note 6 – U.S. Government Agreement and Collaborations HHS BARDA Contract for Recombinant Influenza Vaccines In February 2011, the Company was awarded a contract from HHS BARDA valued at $97 million for the first three-year base-period, with an HHSBARDA option for an additional two-year period valued at $82 million, for a total contract value of up to $179 million. The HHS BARDA contract awardprovides significant funding for the Company’s ongoing clinical development and product scale-up of both its seasonal and pandemic (H5N1) influenzavaccine candidates. This is a cost-plus-fixed-fee contract in which HHS BARDA will reimburse the Company for allowable direct contract costs incurred plusallowable indirect costs and a fixed-fee earned in the further development of its multivalent seasonal and monovalent pandemic (H5N1) influenza vaccines.Billings under the contract are based on approved provisional indirect billing rates, which permit recovery of fringe benefits, overhead and general andadministrative expenses not exceeding certain limits. These indirect rates are subject to audit by HHS BARDA on an annual basis. When the finaldetermination of the allowable costs for any year has been made, revenue and billings may be adjusted accordingly. The Company recognized revenue ofapproximately $20.1 million in 2012, and has recognized approximately $34.8 million in revenue since the inception of the contract in 2011. In December 2012, HHS BARDA completed a contractually-defined In-Process Review (“IPR”) of its contract with the Company. This IPR wasconducted by an inter-governmental-agency panel of experts from government agencies including HHS BARDA, FDA, CDC and the National Institutes ofHealth, who provided input on the Company’s progress during the contract base-period and plans for further development, including both near-term processdevelopment and manufacturing activities and longer-term clinical efforts. HHS BARDA subsequently notified the Company in January 2013 that themilestone decision had been made to continue to support this vaccine advanced development contract. Under certain circumstances, HHS BARDA reimbursements may be delayed or even potentially withheld. In March 2012, the Company decided toconduct a Phase II clinical trial of its quadrivalent influenza vaccine candidate (“205 Trial”) under its existing U.S. investigational new drug application(“IND”) for its trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine candidate as opposed to waiting to conduct this clinical trial under a new IND for its quadrivalent vaccinecandidate (“Quadrivalent IND”). Based on the Company’s discussions with HHS BARDA in 2012, the outside clinical trial costs for the 205 Trial may onlybe submitted for reimbursement to HHS BARDA and recorded as revenue by the Company after it submits the clinical trial data in a future QuadrivalentIND. The filing of the Quadrivalent IND is expected shortly before the Company initiates the next Phase II dose-confirmatory clinical trial, which has beendelayed due to the development activity associated with improving the seroconversion response of one of the four strains. The outside clinical trial costs of the205 Trial are approximately $3.1 million in total, of which $3.0 million was incurred through December 31, 2012. These costs have been recorded as anexpense and are included in cost of government contracts revenue. F-15 LG Life Sciences, Ltd. (“LGLS”) License Agreement In February 2011, the Company entered into a license agreement with LGLS that allows LGLS to use the Company’s technology to develop andcommercially sell influenza vaccines exclusively in South Korea and non-exclusively in certain other specified countries. At its own cost, LGLS is responsiblefor funding its clinical development of the influenza VLP vaccines and completing a manufacturing facility in South Korea. Under the license agreement, theCompany is obligated to provide LGLS with information and materials related to the manufacture of the licensed products, provide on-going projectmanagement and regulatory support and conduct clinical trials of its influenza vaccines in order to obtain FDA approval in the U.S. The term of the licenseagreement is expected to terminate in 2027. Payments to the Company under the license agreement include an upfront payment of $2.5 million,reimbursements of certain development and product costs, payments related to the achievement of certain milestones and royalty payments at a rate of 10%from LGLS’s future commercial sales of influenza VLP vaccines, which royalty rate is subject to reduction if certain timelines for regulatory licensure are notmet. The upfront payment has been deferred and will be recognized when the previously mentioned obligations in the agreement are satisfied, which may notoccur until the end of the term of the agreement. Payments for milestones under the agreement will be recognized on a straight-line basis over the remaining termof the research and development period upon achievement of such milestone. Any royalties under the agreement will be recognized as earned. PATH Vaccine Solutions (“PATH”) Clinical Development Agreement In July 2012, the Company entered into a clinical development agreement with PATH to develop its vaccine candidate to protect against RSV throughmaternal immunization in low-resource countries (the “RSV Collaboration Program”). The Company was awarded approximately $2.0 million by PATH forinitial funding under the agreement to partially support its Phase II dose-ranging clinical trial in women of childbearing age, which was launched in October2012. The agreement expires July 31, 2013, unless the Company and PATH decide to continue the RSV Collaboration Program. The Company retains globalrights to commercialize the product and has made a commitment to make the vaccine affordable and available in low-resource countries. To the extent PATHhas continued to fund 50% of the Company’s external clinical development costs for the RSV Collaboration Program, but the Company does not continuedevelopment, the Company would then grant PATH a fully-paid license to its RSV vaccine technology for use in pregnant women in such low-resourcecountries. During 2012, the Company recognized revenue of approximately $1.3 million under the agreement. Revenue under this arrangement is beingrecognized under the proportional performance method and earned in proportion to the contract costs incurred in performance of the work as compared to totalestimated contract costs. Costs incurred under this agreement represent a reasonable measurement of proportional performance of the work. Note 7 – Joint Venture In March 2009, the Company entered into a Joint Venture Agreement with Cadila pursuant to which the Company and Cadila formed CPLBiologicals Private Limited, a joint venture (the “JV”), of which 20% is owned by the Company and 80% is owned by Cadila. The JV was established todevelop and manufacture certain of the Company’s vaccine candidates and certain of Cadila’s biogeneric and diagnostic products for the territory of India.The JV has the right to negotiate definitive license arrangements in India to certain of the Company’s future vaccine products and certain of Cadila’s futurebiogeneric and diagnostic products, prior to the Company or Cadila licensing such rights to third-parties. The Company has the right to negotiate definitivelicense arrangements for vaccines developed by the JV using Company technology for commercialization in every country except India and for vaccinesdeveloped by the JV using Cadila technology for commercialization in certain other countries, including the U.S. Cadila has supported and continues tosupport the JV’s operations. The JV is actively developing a number of vaccine candidates that were genetically engineered by Novavax. The JV’s seasonal andpandemic influenza vaccine candidates began Phase I clinical trials in 2012. Also in 2012, the JV formed a new collaboration to develop a novel malariavaccine in India with the International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology. The JV’s rabies vaccine candidate is expected to begin a Phase Iclinical trial in India in 2013. In connection with the Joint Venture Agreement, in March 2009, the Company also entered into additional agreements, includinga master services agreement with Cadila. Because the Company does not control the JV, the Company accounts for its investment using the equity method.Since the carrying value of the Company’s initial investment was nominal and there is no guarantee or commitment to provide future funding, the Companyhas not recorded nor expects to record losses related to this investment in the future. F-16 Note 8 – Other Financial Information Prepaid Expenses Prepaid expenses consist of the following at December 31 (in thousands): 2012 2011 Laboratory supplies $1,592 $1,616 Other prepaid expenses 967 825 Prepaid expenses $2,559 $2,441 Property and Equipment, net Property and equipment is comprised of the following at December 31 (in thousands): 2012 2011 Construction in progress $5,248 $56 Machinery and equipment 8,035 7,131 Leasehold improvements 4,629 4,548 Computer software and hardware 698 669 18,610 12,404 Less ― accumulated depreciation and amortization (7,154) (5,547)Property and equipment, net $11,456 $6,857 Depreciation and amortization expense was approximately $1.7 million, $1.6 million and $1.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011and 2010, respectively. Machinery and equipment included $0.4 million of equipment acquired under a capital lease (see Note 9) with accumulateddepreciation of less than $0.1 million as of December 31, 2012. Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consist of the following at December 31 (in thousands): 2012 2011 Employee benefits and compensation $3,242 $2,283 Research and development accruals 3,396 1,213 Other accrued expenses 592 1,000 Accrued interest 45 32 Accrued expenses and other current liabilities $7,275 $4,528 F-17 Note 9 – Capital Lease In August 2012, the Company leased equipment under a capital lease with an effective interest rate of 6.5% with an advance payment and monthlypayments of $6,325 starting August 2012 and over the next 59 months. The capital lease is recorded at the present value of the future minimum leasepayments. Future minimum capital lease payments under the capital lease agreement at December 31, 2012 are as follows (in thousands): Year Amount 2013 $69 2014 76 2015 76 2016 76 2017 44 341 Less ― amounts representing interest (46)Present value of net minimum lease payments 295 Less ― current portion of capital lease (58)Non-current portion of capital lease $237 Note 10 – Long-Term Debt Notes Payable Notes payable consist of the following at December 31 (in thousands): 2012 2011 Equipment loan; 12.1%, principal payments due in monthly installments of $13,089 through March 2016 $510 $― Loan agreements; bear interest at 3% per annum; repayment is conditional 400 300 Opportunity Grant Fund notes payable; non-interest bearing; principal only payments due in monthlyinstallments of $6,667 through April 2012 ― 20 Total 910 320 Less ― current portion (157) (20)Long-term portion $753 $300 Equipment Loan In September 2012, the Company entered into a Master Security Agreement with General Electric Capital Corporation (“GE”), whereby the Companycan borrow up to $2.0 million to finance the purchases of equipment (“Equipment Loan”). Each Equipment Loan bears interest at the three-year U.S.Government treasury rate plus 11.68%, provided that the rate shall not be less than 12.1%, and is to be repaid over forty-two (42) months. GE will maintain asecurity interest in all equipment financed under this facility. During 2012, the Company financed $0.5 million at an interest rate of 12.1% with monthlyprincipal payments of $13,089, which began in October 2012. Interest accrues on the outstanding balance until paid in full. Loan Agreements In May 2008, the Company entered into loan agreements with the State of Maryland and Montgomery County. The repayment of loan amounts andaccrued interest, if any, is conditioned upon the Company meeting the capital investment and employment requirements during the term of the loans through2014, as amended. F-18 Aggregate future minimum principal payments on long-term debt at December 31, 2012 are as follows (in thousands): Year Amount 2013 $357 2014 357 2015 157 2016 39 Total minimum principal payments $910 Note 11 – Warrant Liability In July 2008, the Company completed a registered direct offering of 6,686,650 units, raising approximately $17.5 million in net proceeds. Eachunit consisted of one share of common stock and a warrant to purchase 0.5 shares of common stock (the “Warrants”) at a price of $2.68 per unit. TheWarrants represent the right to acquire an aggregate of 3,343,325 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $3.62 per share and are exercisable throughJuly 31, 2013. During 2012, 2011 and 2010, the Company recorded as other income in its statements of operations a change in fair value of warrant liability of$0.1 million, $2.5 million and $1.7 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2012, the warrant liability recorded on the balance sheet was $0.3 million andall Warrants remain outstanding as of that date under this offering. Note 12 – Sales of Common Stock In 2012, the Company completed two separate offerings to sell over 12 million and 10 million shares of common stock. In October 2012, theCompany sold 12,385,321 shares of its common stock to RA Capital Management, LLC (“RA Capital”), Camber Capital Management LLC and AyerCapital Management LLC at a price of $2.18 per share, resulting in approximately $27 million in net proceeds. In May 2012, the Company sold 10,000,000shares of its common stock to RA Capital at a price of $1.22 per share, resulting in approximately $12.2 million in net proceeds. In both cases, the shareswere offered under an effective shelf registration statement previously filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) has appointed a standing Finance Committee (the “Committee”) to assist the Board with itsresponsibilities to monitor, provide advice to senior management of the Company and approve all capital raising activities. The Committee has been authorizedby the Board to approve all At Market Issuance sales transactions. In doing so, the Committee sets the amount of shares to be sold, the period of time duringwhich such sales may occur and the minimum sales price per share. In October 2012, the Company entered into an At Market Issuance Sales Agreement(“2012 Sales Agreement”), under which the Company may sell an aggregate of $50 million in gross proceeds of its common stock. This agreement replacesthe previous and terminated At Market Issuance Sales Agreement entered in March 2010 (“2010 Sales Agreement”), which also allowed for the sale of anaggregate of $50 million in gross proceeds of its common stock, but had recently met its limitation of sales of shares. The shares of common stock are beingoffered pursuant to a shelf registration statement filed with the SEC. During 2012, the Company sold 8,442,025 shares at sales prices ranging from of $1.31─ $2.18 per share, resulting in $14.0 million in net proceeds; this amount excludes $0.8 million received in early 2012 for 0.7 million shares traded in lateDecember 2011. During 2011, the Company sold 6,001,841 shares at sales prices ranging from $1.25 ─ $2.75 per share, resulting in $11.8 million in netproceeds (with $0.8 million received in early 2012 for 0.7 million shares traded in late December 2011). During 2010, the Company sold 10,513,849 sharesat sales prices ranging from $2.10 ─ $2.55 per share, resulting in $23.1 million in net proceeds. The Company sold a total 24,957,715 shares of itscommon stock and received gross proceeds of $49.9 million under the 2010 Sales Agreement. F-19 Note 13 – Stock-Based Compensation The Company has granted equity awards under several plans. Under the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2005 Plan”), equity awards may begranted to officers, directors, employees, consultants and advisors to the Company and any present or future subsidiary. The 2005 Plan, approved in May2005 and amended in June 2007, June 2011 and June 2012 by the Company’s stockholders, currently authorizes the grant of equity awards for up to18,312,192 shares of common stock, which included, at the time of approval of the 2005 Plan, a maximum 5,746,468 shares of common stock subject tostock options outstanding under the Company’s 1995 Stock Option Plan (the “1995 Plan”) that may revert to and become issuable under the 2005 Plan ifsuch options should expire or otherwise terminate unexercised. The term of the Company’s 1995 Plan has expired. Outstanding stock options remain inexistence in accordance with their terms and no new awards will be made under the 1995 Plan. Under the 2005 Plan and the 1995 Plan, incentive stock options, having a maximum term of 10 years, can be or were granted at no less than 100%of the fair value of the Company’s common stock at the time of grant and are generally exercisable over periods ranging from six months to four years. Thereis no minimum exercise price for non-statutory stock options. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense for awards issued under the above mentioned plans in the statements of operations asfollows (in thousands): Years ended December 31, 2012 2011 2010 Research and development $873 $610 $335 General and administrative 1,218 1,437 1,004 Total stock-based compensation expenses $2,091 $2,047 $1,339 Stock Options Awards The following is a summary of option activity under the 2005 Plan and the 1995 Plan for the year ended December 31, 2012: 2005 Stock Incentive Plan 1995 Stock Option Plan Stock Options Weighted-Average Exercise Price Stock Options Weighted-Average Exercise Price Outstanding at January 1, 2012 7,412,746 $2.22 474,650 $4.38 Granted 3,483,000 $1.29 — $— Exercised (90,534) $0.61 — $— Canceled (1,661,387) $2.27 (262,750) $3.86 Outstanding at December 31, 2012 9,143,825 $1.87 211,900 $4.94 Vested and expected to vest at December 31, 2012 8,255,692 $1.92 211,900 $4.94 Shares exercisable at December 31, 2012 3,541,268 $2.34 211,900 $4.94 Shares available for grant at December 31, 2012 5,752,361 The fair value of the stock options granted for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, was estimated at the date of grant using theBlack-Scholes option-pricing model with the following assumptions: 2012 2011 2010 Weighted average fair value of options granted $0.71 $1.14 $1.47 Risk-free interest rate 0.55%-1.54% 0.48%-1.91% 0.93%-2.89% Dividend yield 0% 0% 0%Volatility 75.5%-78.6% 73.3%-81.0% 97.0%-108.0% Expected term (in years) 3.34-7.09 3.26-4.47 3.06-6.26 Expected forfeiture rate 0%-23.15% 0%-23.15% 21.07% F-20 The aggregate intrinsic value and weighted average remaining contractual term of stock options exercisable as of December 31, 2012 wasapproximately $0.7 million and 5.8 years, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value and weighted average remaining contractual term of options vested andexpected to vest as of December 31, 2012 was $2.6 million and 7.5 years, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value represents the total intrinsic value (thedifference between the Company’s closing stock price on the last trading day of 2012 and the exercise price, multiplied by the number of in-the-money options)that would have been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options on December 31, 2012. This amount is subject to changebased on changes to the fair market value of the Company’s common stock. The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised for 2012, 2011 and 2010 was$0.1 million, $0.3 million and $0.3 million, respectively. Restricted Stock Awards Under the 2005 Plan, the Company granted restricted stock awards subject to certain performance-based or time-based vesting conditions which, ifnot met, would result in forfeiture of the shares and reversal of any previously recognized related stock-based compensation expense. The following is a summary of restricted stock awards activity for the year ended December 31, 2012: Number of Shares Per ShareWeighted- AverageGrant-DateFair Value Outstanding at January 1, 2012 53,333 $1.63 Restricted stock granted – $– Restricted stock vested (19,999) $2.03 Restricted stock forfeited — $— Outstanding at December 31, 2012 33,334 $1.39 As of December 31, 2012, there was approximately $3.4 million of total unrecognized compensation expense (net of estimated forfeitures) related tounvested options and restricted stock awards. This unrecognized compensation expense is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.4years. Note 14 – Employee Benefits The Company maintains a defined contribution 401(k) retirement plan, pursuant to which employees who have completed 90 days of service mayelect to contribute up to 100% of their compensation on a tax deferred basis up to the maximum amount permitted by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, asamended. During 2012, the Company increased its match from 25% to 50% of the first 6% of the participants’ deferral. Contributions to the 401(k) plan vestequally over a three-year period. The Company has expensed, net of forfeitures, approximately $127,000, $88,000 and $71,000 in 2012, 2011 and 2010,respectively. F-21 Note 15 – Income Taxes The Company recorded a current income tax expense for foreign taxes of $0.4 million in 2011, and a deferred federal income tax benefit of $0.5million in 2010. The components of the income tax provision (benefit) are as follows (in thousands): 2012 2011 2010 Current U.S. $— $— $— Current foreign — 412 — Deferred — ― (450)Net provision $— $412 $(450) Deferred tax assets (liabilities) consist of the following at December 31 (in thousands): 2012 2011 Net operating losses $122,731 $116,492 Research tax credits 5,693 5,904 Other 7,326 3,974 Total deferred tax assets 135,750 126,370 Other (335) (350)Total deferred tax liabilities (335) (350)Net deferred tax assets 135,415 126,020 Less valuation allowance (135,415) (126,020)Deferred tax assets, net $— $— The differences between the U.S. federal statutory tax rate and the Company’s effective tax rate are as follows: 2012 2011 2010 Statutory federal tax rate (34)% (34)% (34)%State income taxes, net of federal benefit (8)% (9)% (4)%Research and development and other tax credits 0% (5)% (2)%Expiration of net operating losses 6% 10% 4%Other 3% (3)% (1)%Change in valuation allowance 33% 43% 36% 0% 2% (1)% Realization of net deferred tax assets is dependent on the Company’s ability to generate future taxable income, which is uncertain. Accordingly, a fullvaluation allowance was recorded against these assets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 as management believes it is more likely than not that the assets willnot be realizable. During 2011, the Company incurred a $0.4 million foreign withholding tax related to a payment received in accordance with a license agreement.This withholding tax gives rise to an increase to the U.S. net operating loss for which a full valuation allowance has been recorded. During the year endedDecember 31, 2010, as a result of new legislation allowing for the partial refund of research and development credits, the Company requested and received arefund of approximately $0.1 million. In addition, during the year ended December 31, 2010, the Company received grants totaling $0.8 million for qualifyingtherapeutic discovery projects under Internal Revenue Code Section 48D. The combination of the refundable research and development credits and the InternalRevenue Code Section 48D grant resulted in the Company recording a deferred federal income tax benefit of $0.5 million during the year ended December 31,2010. F-22 As of December 31, 2012, the Company had tax return reported federal net operating losses and tax credits available as follows (in thousands): Amount Federal net operating losses expiring through the year 2032 $302,394 Research tax credits expiring through the year 2032 6,238 Alternative-minimum tax credit (no expiration) 94 Utilization of the net operating loss carryforwards and credits may be subject to a substantial annual limitation due to the ownership changelimitations provided by the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and similar state provisions. The Company has not performed a detailed analysis todetermine whether an ownership change under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code occurred. The effect of an ownership change would be the impositionof an annual limitation on the use of net operating loss carryforwards and credits attributable to periods before the change and could result in a reduction in thetotal net operating losses and credits available. Beginning in 2006, the windfall equity-based compensation deductions are tracked, but will not be recorded to the balance sheet until managementdetermines more likely than not that such amounts will be utilized. During 2012 and 2011, the Company had less than $0.1 million and $0.1 million,respectively, of windfall stock compensation deductions. If and when realized, the tax benefit associated with these deductions will be credited to additionalpaid-in capital. These excess benefit deductions are included in the total federal net operating losses disclosed above. Tabular Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefits (in thousands): Amount Unrecognized tax benefits as of January 1, 2011 $4,910 Gross increases — tax positions in prior period ― Gross decreases — tax positions in prior period (35)Gross increases — current-period tax positions — Increases (decreases) from settlements — Unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2011 $4,875 Gross increases — tax positions in prior period — Gross decreases — tax positions in prior period (74)Gross increases — current-period tax positions — Increases (decreases) from settlements — Unrecognized tax benefits as of December 31, 2012 $4,801 To the extent these unrecognized tax benefits are ultimately recognized, it would affect the annual effective income tax rate. The Company files income tax returns in the U.S. federal jurisdiction and in various states. The Company had tax net operating losses and creditcarryforwards that are subject to examination for a number of years beyond the year in which they are generated for tax purposes. Since a portion of thesecarryforwards may be utilized in the future, many of these attribute carryforwards remain subject to examination. The Company’s policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to income tax matters in income tax expense. As of December 31, 2012 andDecember 31, 2011, the Company had no accruals for interest or penalties related to income tax matters. F-23 Note 16 – Commitments and Contingencies Operating Leases The Company conducts its operations from leased facilities, under operating leases with terms expiring in 2017 for its Rockville, Maryland facilityand in 2023 for its Gaithersburg, Maryland facilities. The leases obligate the Company to also pay building operating costs. In November 2011, the Companyentered into lease and sublease agreements, under which the Company will lease its new manufacturing, laboratory and office space in Gaithersburg,Maryland. The agreements provide that, among other things, as of January 1, 2012, the Company sublease from the previous tenant, and subsequently leasefrom the landlord approximately 74,000 total square feet, with rent payments for such space to the landlord commencing April 1, 2014. On April 1, 2012, oneof the two subleases with the previous tenant for space totaling approximately 21,000 square feet ended and was replaced by a lease with the landlord. On April1, 2013, the other sublease with the previous tenant for space totaling approximately 53,000 square feet will end and be replaced by a lease with the landlord.Under the terms of one lease agreement, the landlord provided the Company with a tenant improvement allowance of $2.5 million and an additional tenantimprovement allowance of $3 million, which additional tenant improvement allowance is paid back to the landlord during the remainder of the term of suchlease agreement through additional rent payments (collectively, the “Improvement Allowance”). In 2012, the Company has been funded $4.3 million under theImprovement Allowance. The Company records a deferred rent liability to account for the funding under the Improvement Allowance and to record rent expenseon a straight-line basis for these operating leases. In addition, the Company entered into an agreement with the previous tenant to purchase certain laboratoryequipment to be used at the facility. The Company is currently considering its plans for the Rockville, Maryland facility subsequent to relocation to theGaithersburg, Maryland facilities, which plans include remarketing the facility through the end of the remaining lease term of January 31, 2017. TheCompany also leased space in Malvern, Pennsylvania, its former corporate headquarters, under an operating lease with a term expiring in 2014. TheCompany has subleased this facility under an amended sublease agreement expiring in 2014. Future minimum rental commitments under non-cancelable leases as of December 31, 2012 are as follows (in thousands): Year Operating Leases Sublease Net Operating Leases 2013 $2,431 $(295) $2,136 2014 3,797 (201) 3,596 2015 4,171 — 4,171 2016 4,271 — 4,271 2017 2,442 — 2,442 Thereafter 14,517 — 14,517 Total minimum lease payments $31,629 $(496) $31,133 Total rent expenses approximated $3.2 million, $1.6 million and $1.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Purchase Obligations In March 2009, the Company and Cadila entered into a master services agreement pursuant to which the Company may request services fromCadila in the areas of biologics research, pre-clinical development, clinical development, process development, manufacturing scale-up and generalmanufacturing related services in India. In July 2011, and subsequently in March 2013, in each case the Company and Cadila amended the master servicesagreement to extend the term by one year for which services can be provided by Cadila under this agreement. Under the revised terms, if, by March 31, 2014,the amount of services provided by Cadila is less than $7.5 million, the Company will pay Cadila the portion of the shortfall amount that is less than orequal to $2.0 million and 50% of the portion of the shortfall amount that exceeds $2.0 million. When calculating the shortfall, the amount of services providedby Cadila includes amounts that have been paid under all project plans, the amounts that will be paid under ongoing executed project plans and amounts forservices that had been offered to Cadila, that Cadila was capable of performing, but exercised its right not to accept such project. The term of the masterservices agreement is five years, but may be terminated by either party if there is a material breach that is not cured within 30 days of notice or, at any timeafter three years, provided that 90 days prior notice is given to the other party. As of December 31, 2012, the Company’s remaining obligation to Cadila underthe master services agreement is $6.9 million. F-24 Contingencies License Agreement with Wyeth Holdings Corporation The Company entered into a license agreement in 2007 with Wyeth Holdings Corporation, a subsidiary of Pfizer Inc. (“Wyeth”). The license is a non-exclusive, worldwide license to a family of patent applications covering VLP technology for use in human vaccines in certain fields, with expected patentexpiration in early 2022. The agreement provides for an upfront payment, annual license fees, milestone payments and royalties on any product sales. If eachmilestone is achieved for any particular vaccine candidate, the Company would likely be obligated to pay an aggregate of $14 million to Wyeth for eachproduct developed and commercialized under the agreement. Annual license fees under the agreement total $0.2 million per annum. The royalty to be paid bythe Company under the agreement, if a product is approved by the FDA for commercialization, will be based on single digit percentage of net sales. Paymentsunder the agreement to Wyeth as of December 31, 2012 aggregated $5.7 million, of which the Company paid the annual license fees during the three yearsended December 31, 2012. The agreement will remain effective as long as at least one claim of the licensed patent rights cover the manufacture, sale or use ofany product unless terminated sooner at the Company’s option or by Wyeth for an uncured breach by the Company. Employment Agreements The Company has entered into employment agreements with certain of its executive officers and key employees. The employment agreements haveone year terms that automatically renew annually and provide for base salaries and other incentives. The agreements include a provision whereby if theCompany terminates the employment of such an employee other than for cause, including pursuant to a change of control under its severance plan, or theemployee leaves the Company for good reason, such employee shall be entitled to receive payment of existing salary and benefits for a period that ranges from12 to 24 months. Note 17 – Related Party Transactions Dr. Rajiv Modi, a director of Novavax, is also the managing director of Cadila. The Company and Cadila have formed a joint venture called CPLBiologicals Private Limited, of which the Company owns 20% and Cadila owns 80%. The Company and Cadila also have entered into a master servicesagreement, pursuant to which Cadila may perform certain research, development and manufacturing services for the Company up to $7.5 million. Asubsidiary of Cadila owns 12.5 million shares of the Company’s outstanding common stock. Since entering into the master services agreement and throughDecember 31, 2012, the Company has incurred $0.6 million under the agreement. Note 18 – Quarterly Financial Information (Unaudited) The Company’s unaudited quarterly information for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 is as follows: Quarter Ended March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 (in thousands, except per share data) 2012: Revenue $4,642 $7,103 $5,765 $4,567 Net loss $(7,336) $(5,920) $(7,217) $(8,035)Net loss per share $(0.06) $(0.05) $(0.05) $(0.06) Quarter Ended March 31 June 30 September 30 December 31 (in thousands, except per share data) 2011: Revenue $834 $3,001 $5,008 $5,845 Net loss $(7,453) $(4,993) $(3,212) $(3,705)Net loss per share $(0.07) $(0.04) $(0.03) $(0.03) The net loss per share was calculated for each three-month period on a stand-alone basis. As a result, the sum of the net loss per share for the fourquarters may not equal the net loss per share for the respective twelve-month period. F-25 NOVAVAX, INC. SCHEDULE II — VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTSDecember 31, 2012, 2011 and 2010(in thousands) Balance at Beginning of Year Additions Deductions Balance at End of Year Net Deferred Tax Asset Valuation Allowance: 2012 $126,020 $9,395 $— $135,415 2011 108,004 18,016 — 126,020 2010 94,853 13,151 — 108,004  Exhibit 3.2 AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS OF NOVAVAX, INC. (Amended January 25, 2013)  TABLE OF CONTENTS ARTICLE 1 Stockholders3 1.1.Place of Meetings.3 1.2.Annual Meeting.3 1.3.Special Meetings.3 1.4.Notice of Meetings.3 1.5.Voting List.4 1.6.Quorum.4 1.7.Adjournments.4 1.8.Voting and Proxies.5 1.9.Action at Meeting.5 1.10.Nomination of Directors.6 1.11.Notice of Business at Annual Meetings.7 1.12.Action without Meeting.8 1.13.Organization.8 ARTICLE 2 Directors8 2.1.General Powers.8 2.2.Number; Election and Qualification.8 2.4.Terms of Office.8 2.5.Allocation of Directors Among Classes in the Event of Increases or Decreases in the Number of Directors.9 2.6.Vacancies.9 2.7.Resignation.9 2.8.Regular Meetings.9 2.9.Special Meetings.9 2.10.Notice of Special Meetings.10 2.11.Meetings by Telephone Conference Calls.10 2.12.Quorum.10 2.13.Action at Meeting.10 2.14.Action by Consent.10 2.15.Removal.10 2.16.Committees.10 2.17.Compensation of Directors.11 1 ARTICLE 3 Officers11 3.1.Enumeration.11 3.2.Election.11 3.3.Qualification.11 3.4.Tenure.11 3.5.Resignation and Removal.11 3.6.Vacancies.12 3.7.Chairman of the Board and Vice Chairman of the Board.12 3.8.President.12 3.9.Vice Presidents.12 3.10.Secretary and Assistant Secretaries.12 3.11.Treasurer and Assistant Treasurers.13 3.12.Salaries.13 ARTICLE 4 Capital Stock13 4.1.Issuance of Stock.13 4.2.Certificates of Stock.13 4.3.Transfers.14 4.4.Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates.14 4.5.Record Date.14 ARTICLE 5 General Provisions15 5.1.Fiscal Year.15 5.2.Corporate Seal.15 5.3.Waiver of Notice.15 5.4.Voting of Securities.15 5.5.Evidence of Authority.15 5.6.Certificate of Incorporation.15 5.8.Severability.16 5.9.Pronouns.16 ARTICLE 6 Amendments16 6.1.By the Board of Directors.16 6.2.By the Stockholders.16 6.3.Certain Provisions.16 2 AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS OF NOVAVAX, INC. ARTICLE 1Stockholders 1.1. Place of Meetings. All meetings of stockholders shall be held at such place within or without the State of Delaware as may be designatedfrom time to time by the Board of Directors or the President or, if not so designated, at the registered office of Novavax, Inc. (the “Corporation”). For thepurposes of these by-laws, if authorized by the Board of Directors in its sole discretion, and subject to such guidelines and procedures as the Board ofDirectors or President may adopt, stockholders and proxyholders not physically present at a meeting of stockholders may, by means of remotecommunication: (a) participate in a meeting of stockholders and (b) be deemed present in person and vote at a meeting of stockholders whether such meeting isto be held at a designated place or solely by means of remote communication. 1.2. Annual Meeting. The annual meeting of stockholders for the election of directors and for the transaction of such other business as mayproperly be brought before the meeting shall be held on a date to be fixed by the Board of Directors or the President (which date shall not be a legal holiday inthe place where the meeting is to be held) at the time and place to be fixed by the Board of Directors or the President and stated in the notice of the meeting. 1.3. Special Meetings. Subject to the rights of the holders of any series of preferred stock of the Corporation with respect to calling specialmeetings of stockholders of the Corporation, special meetings of stockholders may be called at any time only by the Chief Executive Officer (or, if there is noChief Executive Officer, the President) or by the Board of Directors. Except as otherwise required by law, business transacted at any special meeting ofstockholders shall be limited to matters relating to the purpose or purposes stated in the notice of meeting, and the individual or group calling such meetingshall have exclusive authority to determine the business included in such notice. 1.4. Notice of Meetings. Except as otherwise provided by law, written notice of each meeting of stockholders, whether annual or special, shallbe given not less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder entitled to notice of such meeting. The notices of all meetingsshall state the place, date and hour of the meeting, and the means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxyholders may be deemedto be present and vote at such meeting. The notice of a special meeting shall state, in addition, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. Noticeto stockholders may be given in writing or by electronic transmission. If mailed, notice is given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid,directed to the stockholder at his address as it appears on the records of the Corporation. Notice by electronic transmission shall be deemed to be given whendirected to a stockholder by a form of electronic transmission to which such stockholder has consented. Notice need not be given to any stockholder whosubmits a written waiver of notice signed by such stockholder, or a waiver by electronic transmission by such stockholder, before or after the time statedtherein. Attendance of a stockholder at a meeting of stockholders shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the stockholder attends themeeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called orconvened. 3 1.5. Voting List. The officer who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare, at least 10 days before every meeting ofstockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting; provided, however, if the record date for determining the stockholders entitled tovote is less than 10 days before the meeting date, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as of the tenth day before the meeting date, arranged inalphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be opento the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, for a period of at least 10 days prior to the meeting: (i) on a reasonablyaccessible electronic network, provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting, or (ii) duringordinary business hours, at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meetingduring the whole time of the meeting, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present for any purpose germane to the meeting. 1.6. Quorum. Except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, the holders of a majority of the sharesof the capital stock of the Corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at a meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute aquorum for the transaction of business. For any meeting of the holders of common stock, the holders of a majority of the shares of the common stock of theCorporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at such meeting forthe transaction of business. 1.7. Adjournments. Any meeting of stockholders may be adjourned to any other time and to any other place at which a meeting ofstockholders may be held under these By-Laws by holders of a majority of the shares present or represented at the meeting and entitled to vote, although lessthan a quorum, or by any officer entitled to preside at or to act as Secretary of such meeting.It shall not be necessary to notify any stockholder of any adjournment of less than 30 days if the time and place of the adjourned meeting are announced at themeeting at which adjournment is taken, unless after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at theadjourned meeting. At the adjourned meeting, the Corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. 4 1.8. Voting and Proxies. Each stockholder shall have one vote for each share of stock entitled to vote held of record by such stockholder anda proportionate vote for each fractional share so held, unless otherwise provided by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, the Certificate ofIncorporation or these By-Laws. Each stockholder of record entitled to vote at a meeting of stockholders, or to express consent or dissent to corporate action inwriting without a meeting, may vote or express such consent or dissent in person or may authorize another person or persons to vote or act for him by writtenproxy executed by the stockholder or his authorized agent and delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation. No such proxy shall be voted or acted upon afterthree years from the date of its execution, unless the proxy expressly provides for a longer period. 1.9. Action at Meeting. When a quorum is present at any meeting, the holders of a majority of the stock present or represented and voting ona matter (or if there are two or more classes of stock entitled to vote as separate classes, then in the case of each such class, the holders of a majority of thestock of that class present or represented and voting on a matter) shall decide any matter to be voted upon by the stockholders at such meeting, except when adifferent vote is required by express provision of law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws. Any election of directors by stockholders shall bedetermined by a plurality of the votes cast by the stockholders entitled to vote at the election. 5 1.10. Nomination of Directors. Except as otherwise required by law, only persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures setforth in this Section 1.10 shall be eligible for election as directors. Nomination for election to the Board of Directors of the Corporation may be made (a) at ameeting of stockholders by, or at the direction of, the Board of Directors, or (b) at any annual meeting of the stockholders or at any special meeting ofstockholders where the Board of Directors has determined that the election of directors will be conducted, by any stockholder of the Corporation who is astockholder of record at the time of giving of the notice provided for in this Section 1.10, entitled to vote for the election of directors at such meeting and whocomplies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 1.10. Such nominations, other than those made by or on behalf of the Board of Directors, andregardless of whether a stockholder conducts an independent solicitation of proxies, must be preceded by timely notice in writing delivered or mailed by firstclass United States mail, postage prepaid, to the Secretary of the Corporation. To be timely for purposes of this Section 1.10, a stockholder notice must bereceived at the principal executive offices of the Corporation (a) in the case of an annual meeting of stockholders of the Corporation, not less than 60 days normore than 90 days prior to the anniversary date of the prior year’s annual meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation, provided, however, that in the eventthat the date of the current year’s annual meeting of the stockholders is more than 30 days before or after the anniversary date of the prior year’s annual meetingof the stockholders of the Corporation, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be so received not later than the close of business on the 10th day followingthe day on which such notice of the date of the meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of such meeting was made, whichever occurs first; and (b)in the case of a special meeting of stockholders where the Board of Directors has determined that the election of directors will be conducted, to be timely forpurposes of this Section 1.10, a stockholder’s notice must be received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than 60days nor more than90 days prior to the meeting, provided, however, that in the event that less than 100 days’ notice or prior public disclosure of the date of the meeting is given ormade to stockholders, notice by the stockholder to be timely must be received no later than the close of business on the 10th day following the day on whichsuch notice of the date of the meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of such meeting was made, whichever occurs first. For purposes of these by-laws, “public disclosure” means disclosure in a press release reported by the Dow Jones News Service, Associated Press or a comparable national newsservice or in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the SecuritiesExchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of a meeting of the stockholders or theannouncement thereof commence a new time period for the delivery of the notice described in this Section 1.10. Such stockholder’s notice shall set forth (a) asto each proposed nominee for election or reelection as a director (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of each such nominee, (ii) theprincipal occupation or employment of each such nominee, (iii) the class and number of shares of capital stock and other securities of the Corporation whichare beneficially owned by each such nominee and whether and the extent to which any hedging or other transaction or series of transactions has been enteredinto by or on behalf of, or any other agreement, arrangement or understanding has been made, the effect or intent of which is to increase or decrease the votingpower or economic interest of, such person with respect to the Corporation’s securities, and (iv) any other information concerning the nominee that must bedisclosed as to nominees in proxy solicitations, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act; and (b) as to thestockholder giving the notice and each Stockholder Associated Person (as defined below) (i) the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation’s books,of such stockholder (ii) a description of all direct and indirect compensation and other material monetary arrangements, agreements or understandings duringthe past three years, and any other material relationship, if any, between or concerning such stockholder and each Stockholder Associated Person (as definedbelow), on the one hand, and each proposed nominee, and his or her respective affiliates and associates, on the other hand; (iii) the class and number ofshares of capital stock and other securities of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by such person and (iv) any derivative positions held of record orbeneficially by such person and whether and the extent to which any hedging or other transaction or series of transactions has been entered into by or on behalfof, or any other agreement, arrangement or understanding has been made, the effect or intent of which is to increase or decrease the voting power or economicinterest of, such person, with respect to the Corporation’s securities. For purposes of these by-laws, a “Stockholder Associated Person” of any stockholdermeans (i) any “affiliate” or “associate” (as those terms are defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act) of the stockholder who owns beneficially or of recordany capital stock or other securities of the Corporation or, through one or more derivative positions, has an economic interest (whether positive or negative) inthe price of securities of the Corporation and (ii) any person acting in concert with such stockholder or any affiliate or associate of such stockholder withrespect to the capital stock or other securities of the Corporation. In addition, any nominee proposed by a stockholder shall complete a questionnaire, in a formprovided by the Corporation, and such completed questionnaire shall be submitted promptly, and in any event within 10 days, after the Corporation providesthe form of such questionnaire. The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as may reasonably be required by theCorporation to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a director of the Corporation. At the request of the Board of Directors, any personnominated by the Board of Directors for election as a director shall furnish to the Secretary of the Corporation that information required to be set forth in astockholder’s notice of nomination which pertains to the nominee. 6 The chairman of the meeting may, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with theprocedures set forth in this Section 1.10, and if the chairman should so determine, the chairman shall so declare to the meeting and, unless otherwise requiredby law, the defective nomination shall be disregarded. In addition to the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.10, a stockholder shall also comply with allapplicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 1.10. 1.11. Notice of Business at Annual Meetings. At any annual meeting of the stockholders, except as otherwise required by law, only suchbusiness shall be conducted as shall have been properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be (a)specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (b) otherwise properly brought before themeeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or (c) otherwise properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder of record at the time ofgiving of the notice provided for in this Section 1.11, who is entitled to vote at such meeting and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in thisSection 1.11. In addition to any other applicable requirements, for business to be brought properly before an annual meeting of the stockholders by astockholder pursuant to this Section 1.11, regardless of whether the stockholder intends to conduct an independent solicitation of proxies, the stockholdermust have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be received at the principalexecutive offices of the Corporation not less than 60 days nor more than 90 days prior to the anniversary date of the prior year’s annual meeting of thestockholders of the Corporation; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the current year’s annual meeting of the stockholders is more than 30days before or after the anniversary date of the prior year’s annual meeting of the stockholders of the Corporation, notice by the stockholder to be timely mustbe so received not later than the close of business on the 10th day following the date on which such notice of the date of the meeting was mailed or publicdisclosure of the date of such meeting was made, whichever occurs first. In no event shall any adjournment or postponement of a meeting of the stockholdersor the announcement thereof commence a new time period for the delivery of the notice described in this Section 1.11. A stockholder’s notice to the Secretaryshall set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (a) a brief description of the business desired to be brought beforethe annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (b) the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation’s books,of the stockholder proposing such business, (c) the class and number of shares of capital stock and other securities of the Corporation that are beneficiallyowned by the stockholder and each Stockholder Associated Person, (d) any derivative positions held of record or beneficially by the stockholder and anyStockholder Associated Person and whether and the extent to which any hedging or other transaction or series of transactions has been entered into by or onbehalf of, or any other agreement, arrangement or understanding has been made, the effect or intent of which is to increase or decrease the voting power oreconomic interest of, such stockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person with respect to the Corporation’s securities, and (d) any material interest of thestockholder or any Stockholder Associated Person in such business. Notwithstanding anything in these By-Laws to the contrary, except as otherwise requiredby law, no business shall be conducted at any annual meeting of stockholders except (i) in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.11 or (ii)with respect to nominations of persons for election as directors of the Corporation, in accordance with the provisions of Section 1.10 hereof. 7 The chairman of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that business was not proposed in accordance with theprocedures set forth in this Section 1.11 and, if the chairman should so determine, the chairman shall so declare to the meeting and, except as otherwiserequired by law, any such business shall not be transacted. In addition to the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.11, a stockholder shall also comply withall applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 1.11. 1.12. Action without Meeting. Stockholders may not take any action by written consent in lieu of a meeting. 1.13. Organization. The Chairman of the Board, or in his absence the Vice Chairman of the Board designated by the Chairman of the Board,or the President, in the order named, shall call meetings of the stockholders to order, and shall act as chairman of such meeting; provided, however, that theBoard of Directors may appoint any stockholder to act as chairman of any meeting in the absence of the Chairman of the Board. The Secretary of theCorporation shall act as secretary at all meetings of the stockholders; but in the absence of the Secretary at any meeting of the stockholders, the presidingofficer may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting. ARTICLE 2Directors 2.1. General Powers. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of a Board of Directors, whomay exercise all of the powers of the Corporation except as otherwise provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws. In the event of avacancy in the Board of Directors, the remaining directors, except as otherwise provided by law, may exercise the powers of the full Board until the vacancy isfilled. 2.2. Number; Election and Qualification. The number of directors which shall constitute the whole Board of Directors shall be determinedby resolution of the Board of Directors, but in no event shall be less than three. The number of directors may be decreased at any time and from time to timeby a majority of the directors then in office, but only to eliminate vacancies existing by reason of the death, resignation, removal or expiration of the term of oneor more directors. The directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of stockholders by such stockholders as have the right to vote on such election. Directorsneed not be stockholders of the Corporation. 2.3. Terms of Office. Each director shall serve for a term ending on the date of the third annual meeting following the annual meeting at whichsuch director was elected; provided, that each initial director in Class I shall serve for a term ending on the date of the annual meeting of stockholders in1996; each initial director in Class II shall serve for a term ending on the date of the annual meeting of stockholders in 1997; and each initial director inClass III shall serve for a term ending on the date of the annual meeting of stockholders in 1998; and provided further, that the term of each director shall besubject to the election and qualification of his successor and to his earlier death, resignation or removal. 8 2.4. Allocation of Directors Among Classes in the Event of Increases or Decreases in the Number of Directors. In the event of anyincrease or decrease in the authorized number of directors, (i) each director then serving as such shall nevertheless continue as a director of the class of whichsuch director is a member and (ii) the newly created or eliminated directorships resulting from such increase or decrease shall be apportioned by the Board ofDirectors among the three classes of directors so as to ensure that no one class has more than one director more than any other class. To the extent possible,consistent with the foregoing rule, any newly created directorships shall be added to those classes whose terms of office are to expire at the latest dates followingsuch allocation, and any newly eliminated directorships shall be subtracted from those classes whose terms of offices are to expire at the earliest datesfollowing such allocation, unless otherwise provided from time to time by resolution adopted by the Board of Directors. 2.5. Vacancies. Any vacancy in the Board of Directors, however occurring, including a vacancy resulting from an enlargement of the Board,shall be filled only by vote of a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director. A director elected to fill avacancy shall be elected for the unexpired term of his predecessor in office, and a director chosen to fill a position resulting from an increase in the number ofdirectors shall hold office until the next election of the class for which such director shall have been chosen, subject to the election and qualification of hissuccessor and to his earlier death, resignation or removal. 2.6. Resignation. Any director may resign at any time upon notice given in writing or by electronic transmission to the Chairman of theBoard, if any, the President or Secretary of the Corporation. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless it is specified to be effective at some othertime or upon the happening of some other event. 2.7. Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice at such time and place, either within orwithout the State of Delaware, as shall be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors; provided that any director who is absent when such adetermination is made shall be given notice of the determination. A regular meeting of the Board of Directors may be held without notice immediately after andat the same place as the annual meeting of stockholders. 2.8. Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be held at any time and place, within or without the State of Delawareas designated by the person(s) calling the meeting and be called by the Chairman of the Board, President, two or more directors, or by one director in the eventthat there is only a single director in office. 9 2.9. Notice of Special Meetings. Notice of any special meeting of directors shall be given to each director by the Secretary or by the officer orone of the directors calling the meeting. Notice shall be duly given to each director (i) by giving notice to such director in person or by telephone, or by anyform of electronic transmission to which such director has consented, at least 24 hours in advance of the meeting, (ii) by sending a telegram, telecopy, or telex,or delivering written notice by hand, to his last known business or home address at least 24 hours in advance of the meeting, or (iii) by mailing written noticeto his last known business or home address at least 72 hours in advance of the meeting, in each case or such shorter period of time before the meeting as willnonetheless be sufficient for the convenient assembly of the directors so notified. A notice or waiver of notice of a meeting of the Board of Directors need notspecify the purposes of the meeting. 2.10. Meetings by Telephone Conference Calls. Directors or any members of any committee designated by the directors may participate in ameeting of the Board of Directors or such committee by means of conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all personsparticipating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at such meeting. 2.11. Quorum. At any meeting of the Board of Directors, a majority of the total number of directors then in office shall constitute a quorumfor all purposes. In the event one or more of the directors shall be disqualified to vote at any meeting, then the required quorum shall be reduced by one for eachsuch director so disqualified; provided, however, that in no case shall less than one-third (1/3) of the number so fixed constitute a quorum. In the absence of aquorum at any such meeting, a majority of the directors present may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice other than announcement atthe meeting, until a quorum shall be present. 2.12. Action at Meeting. At any meeting of the Board of Directors at which a quorum is present, the vote of a majority of those present shallbe sufficient to take any action, unless a different vote is specified by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws. 2.13. Action by Consent. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee of theBoard of Directors may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be, consent to the action in writing, and thewritten consents are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee. 2.14. Removal. Directors of the Corporation may be removed only for cause by the affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds of the sharesof the capital stock of the Corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote. 2.15. Committees. The Board of Directors may designate one or more committees, each committee to consist of one or more of the directors ofthe Corporation. The Board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified memberat any meeting of the committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the member or members of the committee present at any meetingand not disqualified from voting, whether or not the member or members constitute a quorum, may unanimously appoint another member of the Board ofDirectors to act at the meeting in the place of any such absent or disqualified member. Any such committee, to the extent provided in the resolution of the Boardof Directors and subject to the provisions of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, shall have and may exercise all the powers and authority ofthe Board of Directors in the management of the business and affairs of the Corporation and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to allpapers which may require it. Each such committee shall keep minutes and make such reports as the Board of Directors may from time to time request. Exceptas the Board of Directors may otherwise determine, any committee may make rules for the conduct of its business, but unless otherwise provided by thedirectors or in such rules, its business shall be conducted as nearly as possible in the same manner as is provided in these By-Laws for the Board ofDirectors. 10 2.16. Compensation of Directors. Directors may be paid such compensation for their services and such reimbursement for expenses ofattendance at meetings as the Board of Directors may from time to time determine. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the Corporationor any of its parent or subsidiary corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation for such service. ARTICLE 3Officers 3.1. Enumeration. The officers of the Corporation shall consist of a President, a Secretary, a Treasurer and such other officers with suchother titles as the Board of Directors shall determine, including a Chairman of the Board, a Vice Chairman of the Board, and one or more Vice Presidents,Assistant Treasurers, and Assistant Secretaries. The Board of Directors may appoint such other officers as it may deem appropriate. 3.2. Election. The President, Treasurer and Secretary shall be elected annually by the Board of Directors at its first meeting following theannual meeting of stockholders. Other officers may be appointed by the Board of Directors at such meeting or at any other meeting. 3.3. Qualification. No officer need be a stockholder. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person. 3.4. Tenure. Except as otherwise provided by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these By-Laws, each officer shall hold office untilhis successor is elected and qualified, unless a different term is specified in the vote choosing or appointing him, or until his earlier death, resignation orremoval. 3.5. Resignation and Removal. Any officer may resign at any time upon notice given in writing or by electronic transmission to theChairman of the Board, if any, the President or Secretary of the Corporation. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless it is specified to beeffective at some other time or upon the happening of some other event. Any officer may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by vote of a majority of the entire number of directors then in office. Except as the Board of Directors may otherwise determine, no officer who resigns or is removed shall have any right to any compensation as an officer for anyperiod following his resignation or removal, or any right to damages on account of such removal, whether his compensation be by the month or by the year orotherwise, unless such compensation is expressly provided in a duly authorized written agreement with the Corporation. 11 3.6. Vacancies. The Board of Directors may fill any vacancy occurring in any office for any reason. Each such successor shall hold officefor the unexpired term of his predecessor and until his successor is elected and qualified, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal. 3.7. Chairman of the Board and Vice Chairman of the Board. The Board of Directors may appoint a Chairman of the Board and maydesignate the Chairman of the Board as Chief Executive Officer. If the Board of Directors appoints a Chairman of the Board, the Chairman shall performsuch duties and possess such powers as are assigned to him by the Board of Directors. If the Board of Directors appoints a Vice Chairman of the Board, theVice Chairman shall, in the absence or disability of the Chairman of the Board, perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Chairman of the Board andshall perform such other duties and possess such other powers as may from time to time be vested in him by the Board of Directors. 3.8. President. The President shall, subject to the direction of the Board of Directors, have general charge and supervision of the business ofthe Corporation. Unless otherwise provided by the Board of Directors, the President shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders, and if the President is adirector, at all meetings of the Board of Directors. Unless the Board of Directors has designated the Chairman of the Board or another officer as ChiefExecutive Officer, the President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation. The President shall perform such other duties and shall have suchother powers as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe. 3.9. Vice Presidents. Any Vice President shall perform such duties and possess such powers as the Board of Directors or the President mayfrom time to time prescribe. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the President, the Vice President (or if there shall be more than one, the VicePresidents in the order determined by the Board of Directors) shall perform the duties of the President and when so performing shall have all the powers of andbe subject to all the restrictions upon the President. The Board of Directors may assign to any Vice President the title of Executive Vice President, Senior VicePresident or any other title selected by the Board of Directors. 3.10. Secretary and Assistant Secretaries. The Secretary shall perform such duties and shall have such powers as the Board of Directorsor the President may from time to time prescribe. In addition, the Secretary shall perform such duties and have such powers as are incident to the office of thesecretary, including without limitation the duty and power to give notices of all meetings of stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, toattend all meetings of stockholders and the Board of Directors and keep a record of the proceedings, to maintain a stock ledger and prepare lists ofstockholders and their addresses as required, to be custodian of corporate records and the corporate seal and to affix and attest to the same on documents. 12 Any Assistant Secretary shall perform such duties and possess such powers as the Board of Directors, the President or the Secretary may from timeto time prescribe. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the Secretary, the Assistant Secretary (or if there shall be more than one, the AssistantSecretaries in the order determined by the Board of Directors) shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Secretary. In the absence of the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary at any meeting of stockholders or directors, the person presiding at the meeting shalldesignate a temporary secretary to keep a record of the meeting. 3.11. Treasurer and Assistant Treasurers. The Treasurer shall perform such duties and shall have such powers as may from time to timebe assigned to him by the Board of Directors or the President. In addition, the Treasurer shall perform such duties and have such powers as are incident to theoffice of treasurer, including without limitation the duty and power to keep and be responsible for all funds and securities of the Corporation, to deposit fundsof the Corporation in depositories selected in accordance with these By-Laws, to disburse such funds as ordered by the Board of Directors, to make properaccounts of such funds, and to render as required by the Board of Directors statements of all such transactions and of the financial condition of theCorporation. The Assistant Treasurers shall perform such duties and possess such powers as the Board of Directors, the President or the Treasurer may fromtime to time prescribe. In the event of the absence, inability or refusal to act of the Treasurer, the Assistant Treasurer (or if there shall be more than one, theAssistant Treasurers in the order determined by the Board of Directors) shall perform the duties and exercise the powers of the Treasurer. 3.12. Salaries. Officers of the Corporation shall be entitled to such salaries, compensation or reimbursement as shall be fixed or allowed fromtime to time by the Board of Directors. ARTICLE 4Capital Stock 4.1. Issuance of Stock. Unless otherwise voted by the stockholders and subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, the wholeor any part of any unissued balance of the authorized capital stock of the Corporation or the whole or any part of any unissued balance of the authorizedcapital stock of the Corporation held in its treasury may be issued, sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of by vote of the Board of Directors in suchmanner, for such consideration and on such terms as the Board of Directors may determine. 4.2. Certificates of Stock. The shares of the Corporation’s stock may be certificated or uncertificated, as provided under the GeneralCorporation Law of the State of Delaware. Any certificates representing shares of stock shall be in such form as may be prescribed by law and by the Boardof Directors, certifying the number and class of shares owned by the stockholder in the Corporation. Each such certificate shall be signed by, or in the nameof the Corporation by, the Chairman or Vice Chairman, if any, of the Board of Directors, or the President or a Vice President, and the Treasurer or anAssistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation. Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile. Eachcertificate for shares of stock which are subject to any restriction on transfer pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation, the By-laws, applicable securitieslaws or any agreement among any number of stockholders or among such holders and the Corporation shall have conspicuously noted on the face or back ofthe certificate either the full text of the restriction or a statement of the existence of such restriction. Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer ofuncertificated stock, the Corporation shall send to the registered owner thereof a written notice that shall set forth any restrictions on the transfer or registrationof such shares of stock imposed by the Corporation’s articles of incorporation, these By-laws, any agreement among shareholders or any agreement betweenshareholders and the Corporation. 13 4.3. Transfers. Except as otherwise established by rules and regulations adopted by the Board of Directors, and subject to applicable law,shares of stock may be transferred on the books of the Corporation, if such shares are certificated, by the surrender to the Corporation or its transfer agent ofthe certificate representing such shares properly endorsed or accompanied by a written assignment or power of attorney properly executed, or upon properinstructions from the holder of uncertificated shares in each case, with such proof of authority or the authenticity of signature as the Corporation or its transferagent may reasonably require. Except as may be otherwise required by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these By-laws, the Corporation shall beentitled to treat the record holder of stock as shown on its books as the owner of such stock for all purposes, including the payment of dividends and the rightto vote with respect to such stock, regardless of any transfer, pledge or other disposition of such stock until the shares have been transferred on the books ofthe Corporation in accordance with the requirements of these By-laws. 4.4. Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. The Corporation may issue (i) upon written request to the transfer agent or registrar of theCorporation, a new certificate of stock, or (ii) uncertificated shares in place of any certificate or certificates previously issued by the Corporation in place ofany previously issued certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen, or destroyed, upon such terms and conditions as the Board of Directors may prescribe,including the presentation of reasonable evidence of such loss, theft or destruction and the giving of such indemnity as the Board of Directors may require forthe protection of the Corporation or any transfer agent or registrar. 4.5. Record Date. The Board of Directors may fix in advance a date as a record date for the determination of the stockholders entitled to noticeof or to vote at any meeting of stockholders, or entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights in respect of anychange, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action. If the Board of Directors fixes a record date for purposes of determiningthe stockholders entitled to notice of any meeting or any adjournment thereof, such date shall also be the record date for determining the stockholders entitled tovote at such meeting unless the Board of Directors determines, at the time it fixes such record date, that a later date on or before the date of the meeting shall bethe date for making such determination. In all other cases, the record date shall not be more than 60 nor less than 10 days before the date of such meeting, normore than 60 days prior to any other action to which such record date relates. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the closeof business on the day before the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day before the day on which the meetingis held. The record date for determining stockholders for any other purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adoptsthe resolution relating to such purpose. 14 A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided,however, that the Board of Directors may fix a new record date for determination of stockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting, and in such caseshall also fix as the record date for stockholders entitled to notice of such adjourned meeting the same or an earlier date as that fixed for determination ofstockholders entitled to vote at the adjourned meeting. ARTICLE 5General Provisions 5.1. Fiscal Year. Except as from time to time otherwise designated by the Board of Directors, the fiscal year of the Corporation shall begin onthe first day of January in each year and end on the last day of December in each year. 5.2. Corporate Seal. The corporate seal, if any, shall be in such form as shall be approved by the Board of Directors. 5.3. Waiver of Notice. Whenever any notice whatsoever is required to be given by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these By-Laws, a waiver of such notice either in writing signed by the person entitled to such notice or such person’s duly authorized attorney, or by telegraph, cable orany other available method, whether before, at or after the time stated in such waiver, or the appearance of such person or persons at such meeting in person orby proxy, shall be deemed equivalent to such notice. 5.4. Voting of Securities. Except as the directors may otherwise designate, the President or Treasurer may waive notice of, and act as, orappoint any person or persons to act as, proxy or attorney-in-fact for this Corporation (with or without power of substitution) at, any meeting of stockholdersor shareholders of any other corporation or organization, the securities of which may be held by this Corporation. 5.5. Evidence of Authority. A certificate by the Secretary, or an Assistant Secretary, or a temporary Secretary, as to any action taken by thestockholders, directors, a committee or any officer or representative of the Corporation shall as to all persons who rely on the certificate in good faith beconclusive evidence of such action. 5.6. Certificate of Incorporation. All references in these By-Laws to the Certificate of Incorporation shall be deemed to refer to the Certificateof Incorporation of the Corporation, as amended and in effect from time to time. 15 5.7. Severability. Any determination that any provision of these By-Laws is for any reason inapplicable, illegal or ineffective shall not affector invalidate any other provision of these By-Laws. 5.8. Pronouns. All pronouns used in these By-Laws shall be deemed to refer to the masculine, feminine or neuter, singular or plural, as theidentity of the person or persons may require. ARTICLE 6Amendments 6.1. By the Board of Directors. These By-Laws may be altered, amended or repealed or new by-laws may be adopted by the affirmative voteof a majority of the directors present at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors at which a quorum is present. 6.2. By the Stockholders. Except as otherwise provided in Section 6.3, these By-Laws may be altered, amended or repealed or new by-lawsmay be adopted by the affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares of the capital stock of the Corporation issued and outstanding and entitled tovote at any regular or special meeting of stockholders, provided notice of such alteration, amendment, repeal or adoption of new by-laws shall have been statedin the notice of such regular or special meeting. 6.3. Certain Provisions. Notwithstanding any other provision of law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these By-Laws, and notwithstandingthe fact that a lesser percentage may be specified by law, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least seventy-five percent (75%) of the shares of the capitalstock of the Corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote shall be required to amend or repeal, or to adopt any provision inconsistent with Section1.3, Section 1.10, Section 1.11, Section 1.12, Section 1.13, Article 2 or Article 6 or these By-Laws. 16  Exhibit 10.2 NOVAVAX, INC. AMENDED AND RESTATED 2005 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN Adopted by the Board of Directors February 24, 2005; Approved by Stockholders, May 4, 2005Amended by the Board of Directors March 7, 2007; Approved by Stockholders June 20, 2007Amended by the Board of Directors March 10, 2011; Approved by Stockholders June 15, 2011Amended by the Board of Directors March 1, 2012; Approved by Stockholders June 11, 2012 1. Purpose. The purpose of this plan (the “Plan”) is to secure for Novavax, Inc. (the “Company”) and its stockholders the benefits arising from capital stockownership by employees, officers and directors of, and consultants or advisors to, the Company and its parent and subsidiary corporations who are expectedto contribute to the Company’s future growth and success. Except where the context otherwise requires, the term “Company” shall include the parent and allpresent and future subsidiaries of the Company as defined in Sections 424(e) and 424(f) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended or replaced fromtime to time (the “Code”); (provided, however, that status as a “parent” or “subsidiary” corporation depends on satisfaction of the criteria in Sections 424(e)and (f) as of the date on which such determination is being made, and does not necessarily continue to exist merely because it did so as of the date of grant ofan option or other award). Those provisions of the Plan which make express reference to Section 422 shall apply only to Incentive Stock Options (as that termis defined in the Plan). The Plan is being amended and restated effective January 1, 2008 to reflect the requirements of Section 409A of the Code. 2. Type of Stock Awards and Administration. (a) Types of Awards. This Plan provides for the grant of stock options, restricted stock awards, stock appreciation rights (SARs), andrestricted stock units (RSUs) (collectively, these awards shall be referred to herein as “Stock Awards”). Options granted pursuant to the Plan may be eitherincentive stock options (“Incentive Stock Options”) meeting the requirements of Section 422 of the Code or non-statutory options which are not intended tomeet the requirements of Section 422 of the Code (“Non-Statutory Options”). (b) Administration. (i) The Plan will be administered by the Board of Directors of the Company, whose construction and interpretation of the terms andprovisions of the Plan shall be final and conclusive. The Board of Directors may in its sole discretion grant Stock Awards to purchase shares of theCompany’s Common Stock, $.01 par value (“Common Stock”), and issue shares upon the receipt or exercise of such Stock Awards as provided in the Plan.The Board shall have authority, subject to the express provisions of the Plan, to construe the respective agreements under which Stock Awards are made andthe Plan, to proscribe, amend and rescind rules and regulations relating to the Plan, to determine the terms and provisions of the respective agreements, whichneed not be identical, and to make all other determinations which are, in the judgment of the Board of Directors, necessary or desirable for the administrationof the Plan. The Board of Directors may correct any defect, supply any omission or reconcile any inconsistency in the Plan or in any Stock Award agreementin the manner and to the extent it shall deem expedient to carry the Plan into effect and it shall be the sole and final judge of such expediency. No director orperson acting pursuant to authority delegated by the Board of Directors shall be liable for any action or determination under the Plan made in good faith.  (ii) The Board of Directors may, to the full extent permitted by or consistent with applicable laws or regulations and Section 3(b) ofthis Plan delegate any or all of its powers under the Plan to a committee (the “Committee”) appointed by the Board of Directors, and if the Committee is soappointed all references to the Board of Directors in the Plan shall mean and relate to such Committee. (c) Applicability of Rule 16b-3. Those provisions of the Plan which make express reference to Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the SecuritiesExchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or any successor rule (“Rule 16b-3”), or which are required in order for certain stock or optiontransactions to qualify for exemption under Rule 16b-3, shall apply only to such persons as are required to file reports under Section 16(a) of the ExchangeAct (a “Reporting Person”). 3. Eligibility. (a) General. Stock Awards may be granted only to persons who are, at the time of grant, employees, officers or directors of, or consultants oradvisors to, the Company (collectively, the “Participants”); provided, that the class of Participants to whom Incentive Stock Options may be granted shall belimited to employees of the Company. A person who has been granted a Stock Award may, if he or she is otherwise eligible, be granted additional StockAwards if the Board of Directors shall so determine. (b) Grant of Stock Awards to Directors and Officers After Exchange Act Registration. From and after the registration of the Common Stockof the Company under the Exchange Act, in the discretion of the Board, the selection of a director or an officer (as the terms “director” and “officer” are definedfor purposes of Rule 16b-3) as a recipient of a Stock Award, the timing of the Stock Award grant, the purchase or exercise price of the Stock Award, thenumber of shares subject to the Stock Award and other terms and conditions shall be determined either (i) by the Board of Directors, of which all membersshall be “outside directors” and/or “non-employee directors” (as hereinafter defined) or (ii) by the Committee referenced in Section 2(b)(ii) above, consisting oftwo or more directors having full authority to act in the matter, each of whom shall be an “outside director” and/or “non-employee director” (with any action ofthe Committee subject to approval or ratification by the Board, if required). For the purposes of the Plan, a director shall be deemed to be a “non-employeedirector” only if such person qualifies as a “non-employee director” within the meaning of Rule 16b-3, as such term is interpreted from time to time, and shallbe deemed to be an “outside director” only if such director qualifies as an “outside director” within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code and theapplicable Treasury regulations. 2 4. Stock Subject to Plan. (a) Initial Share Reserve. Subject to adjustment as provided in Section 11 below, the number of shares of Common Stock which are initiallyset aside and reserved for issuance under the Plan is 2,565,724 shares, (which includes a total of 565,724 shares of Common Stock that were previouslyheld in reserve under the 1995 Stock Option Plan, but which were unused, and which have been transferred to this Plan). Additionally, if any outstandingstock option granted under the Company’s 1995 Stock Option Plan should for any reason expire or otherwise terminate, in whole or in part, without havingbeen exercised in full, the shares of common stock that are not acquired under any such stock option shall revert to, and become available for issuance under,this 2005 Stock Incentive Plan. The maximum aggregate number of additional shares of Common Stock that may revert to the 2005 Stock Incentive Planunder this provision is 18,312,192 shares. Subject to adjustment as provided in Section 11 below, no employee shall be eligible to be granted stock options orstock appreciation rights covering more than 900,000 shares of Common Stock during any calendar year. (b) Reversion of Shares to the Share Reserve. If any Stock Award under this Plan shall for any reason expire or otherwise terminate, in wholeor in part, without having been exercised in full, or if any shares of Common Stock issued to a Participant pursuant to a Stock Award are forfeited back to orrepurchased by the Company, including, but not limited to, any repurchase or forfeiture caused by the failure to meet a contingency or condition required forthe vesting of such shares, then the shares of Common Stock not acquired or returned under such Stock Award shall revert to and again become available forissuance under the Plan. If any shares subject to a Stock Award are not delivered to a Participant because such shares are withheld for the payment of taxes orthe Stock Award is exercised through a reduction of shares subject to the Stock Award (i.e., “net exercised”), then the number of shares that are not deliveredshall revert to and again become available for issuance under the Plan. If the exercise price of any Stock Award is satisfied by tendering shares of CommonStock held by the Participant (either by actual deliver or attestation), then the number of such tendered shares shall revert to and again become available forissuance under the Plan. Notwithstanding the above, and subject to Section 11 below related to capitalization adjustments, the maximum aggregate number ofshares that may be issued upon the exercise of Incentive Stock Options shall in no event exceed 18,312,192 shares. 5. Stock Option Provisions. (a) Form of Option Agreements. As a condition to the grant of an option under the Plan, each recipient of an option shall execute an optionagreement in such form not inconsistent with the Plan as may be approved by the Board of Directors. Such option agreements may differ among recipients. (b) Purchase Price. (i) General. Subject to Section 3(b), the purchase price per share of stock deliverable upon the exercise of an option shall bedetermined by the Board of Directors; provided, however, that the exercise price of an option shall not be less than 100% of the “Fair Market Value” (asdefined below) of such stock, as determined by the Board of Directors, at the time of grant of such option, or less than 110% of such Fair Market Value in thecase of options described in Section 6. For purposes of this Plan, the term “Fair Market Value” means, as of any date, the value of the Common Stockdetermined as follows: 3 (1) If the Common Stock is listed on any established stock exchange or traded on the Nasdaq National Market or theNasdaq SmallCap Market, the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock shall be the closing sales price for such stock (or the closing bid, if no saleswere reported) as quoted on such exchange or market (or the exchange or market with the greatest volume of trading in the Common Stock) on the day ofdetermination, as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Board deems reliable. If the day of determination is not a market tradingday, then the trading day prior to the day of determination shall be used. (2) In the absence of such markets for the Common Stock, the Fair Market Value shall be determined in good faith by theBoard and consistent with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code. (ii) Payment of Purchase Price. Options granted under the Plan may provide for the payment of the exercise price by delivery of cashor a check to the order of the Company in an amount equal to the exercise price of such options, or, to the extent provided in the applicable option agreement,(i) by delivery to the Company of shares of Common Stock of the Company already owned by the optionee having a Fair Market Value equal in amount to theexercise price of the options being exercised, or (ii) by any other means approved by the Board, as may be recommended by the Committee referenced inSection 2(b)(ii) above. The Fair Market Value of any shares of the Company’s Common Stock or other non-cash consideration which maybe delivered uponexercise of an option shall be determined by the Board of Directors. If the exercise price of an option is being paid by delivery of already-owned Common Stockof the Company that has been acquired from the Company, directly or indirectly, the Company may require that such already-owned shares have been held bythe optionee for a period of more than six (6) months (or such longer or shorter period of time to avoid a charge to earnings for financial accounting purposes). (c) Option Period. Each option and all rights thereunder shall expire on such date as shall be set forth in the applicable option agreement,except that, in the case of an Incentive Stock Option, such date shall not be later than ten years after the date on which the option is granted and, in all cases,options shall be subject to earlier termination as provided in the Plan. (d) Exercise of Options. Each option granted under the Plan shall be exercisable either in full or in installments at such time or times duringsuch period and subject to such conditions as shall be set forth in the agreement evidencing such option, subject to the provisions of the Plan. (e) Nontransferability of Options. Options shall not be assignable or transferable by the person to whom they are granted, either voluntarily orby operation of law, except by will or the laws of descent and distribution, and, during the life of the optionee, shall be exercisable only by the optionee;provided, however, that Non-Statutory Options maybe transferred pursuant to a qualified domestic relations order (as defined in Rule 16b-3) or as otherwiseexpressly permitted in the agreement evidencing any such Non-Statutory Option. 4 (f) Effect of Termination of Employment or Other Relationship. Except as provided in Section 6 with respect to Incentive Stock Options,and subject to the provisions of the Plan, the Board of Directors shall determine the period of time during which an optionee may exercise an option following(i) the termination of the optionee’s employment or other relationship with the Company or (ii) the death or disability of the optionee. Such periods shall be setforth in the agreement evidencing such option. 6. Special Provisions for Incentive Stock Options Options granted under the Plan which are intended to be Incentive Stock Options shall be subject to the following additional terms and conditions: (a) Express Designation. All Incentive Stock Options granted under the Plan shall, at the time of grant, be specifically designated as such inthe option agreement covering such Incentive Stock Options. (b) 10% Stockholder. If any employee to whom an Incentive Stock Option is to be granted under the Plan is, at the time of the grant of suchoption, the owner of stock possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company (after taking into account theattribution of stock ownership rules of Section 424(d) of the Code), then the following special provisions shall be applicable to the Incentive Stock Optiongranted to such Individual: (i) The purchase price per share of the Common Stock subject to such Incentive Stock Option shall not be less than 110% of the FairMarket Value of one share of Common Stock at the time of grant; and (ii) the option exercise period shall not exceed five years from the date of grant. (c) Dollar Limitation. For so long as the Code shall so provide, options granted to any employee under the Plan (and any other incentive stockoption plans of the Company) which are intended to constitute Incentive Stock Options shall not constitute Incentive Stock Options to the extent that suchoptions, in the aggregate, become exercisable for the first time in any one calendar year for shares of Common Stock with an aggregate Fair Market Value(determined as of the respective date or dates of grant) of more than $100,000. (d) Termination of Employment, Death or Disability. No Incentive Stock Option may be exercised unless, at the time of such exercise, theoptionee is, and has been continuously since the date of grant of his or her option, employed by the Company, except that: (i) an Incentive Stock Option may be exercised within the period of three months after the date the optionee ceases to be an employee ofthe Company (or within such lesser period as may be specified in the applicable option agreement), provided, that the agreement with respect to such optionmay designate a longer exercise period and that the exercise after such three-month period shall be treated as the exercise of a Non-Statutory Option under thePlan; 5 (ii) if the optionee dies while in the employ of the Company, or within three months after the optionee ceases to be such an employee,the Incentive Stock Option may be exercised by the person to whom it is transferred by will or the laws of descent and distribution within the period of oneyear after the date of death (or within such lesser period as may be specified in the applicable option agreement); and (iii) if the optionee becomes disabled (within the meaning of Section 22(e)(3) of the Code or any successor provision thereto) while inthe employ of the Company, the Incentive Stock Option may be exercised within the period of one year after the date the optionee ceases to be such an employeebecause of such disability (or within such lesser period as maybe specified in the applicable option agreement). (iv) For all purposes of the Plan and any option granted hereunder, “employment” shall be defined in accordance with the provisionsof Section 1.421-7(h) of the Income Tax Regulations (or any successor regulations). Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions, no Incentive Stock Option maybe exercised after its expiration date. 7. Additional Provisions Related to Stock Options. (a) Additional Option Provisions. The Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, include additional provisions in option agreementscovering options granted under the Plan, including without limitation restrictions on transfer, repurchase rights, or such other provisions as shall bedetermined by the Board of Directors; provided that such additional provisions shall not be inconsistent with any other term or condition of the Plan and suchadditional provisions shall not cause any Incentive Stock Option granted under the Plan to fail to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option within the meaning ofSection 422 of the Code, and shall not cause any option to violate the requirements of Section 409A of the Code. (b) Acceleration or Extension of Exercise Dates. The Board of Directors may, in its sole discretion, (i) accelerate the date or dates on whichall or any particular option or options granted under the Plan may be exercised or (ii) extend the dates during which all, or any particular, option or optionsgranted under the Plan may be exercised, but in no event beyond the original term of the option grant. 8. Provisions of Stock Awards Other Than Options. (a) Restricted Stock Awards. As a condition to the grant of an award of restricted stock under the Plan, each recipient of a restricted stockaward shall execute a restricted stock award agreement in such form not inconsistent with the Plan as may be approved by the Board of Directors. The termsand conditions of restricted stock award agreements may change from time to time, and the terms and conditions of separate restricted stock award agreementsneed not be identical; provided, however, that each restricted stock award agreement shall include (through incorporation of the provisions hereof by referencein the agreement or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions: 6 (i) Purchase Price. At the time of the grant of a restricted stock award, the Board will determine the price to be paid by theParticipant for each share subject to the restricted stock award. To the extent required by applicable law, the price to be paid by the Participant for each share ofrestricted stock will not be less than the par value of a share of Common Stock. A restricted stock award may be awarded as a stock bonus (i.e., with no cashpurchase price to be paid) to the extent permissible under applicable law. (ii) Consideration. At the time of the grant of a restricted stock award, the Board will determine the consideration permissible for thepayment of the purchase price of the restricted stock. The purchase price of Common Stock acquired pursuant to the award shall be paid in one of thefollowing ways: (i) in cash at the time of purchase; (ii) by services rendered or to be rendered to the Company; or (iii) in any other form of legal considerationthat may be acceptable to the Board; provided, however, that at any time that the Company is incorporated in Delaware, the Common Stock’s “par value,” asdefined in the Delaware General Corporation Law, shall not be paid by deferred payment unless permissible under the Delaware Corporation Law. (iii) Vesting. Shares of Common Stock acquired under a restricted stock award may, but need not, be subject to a share repurchaseoption in favor of the Company in accordance with a vesting schedule to be determined by the Board. (iv) Termination of Participant’s Service. In the event that a Participant’s service as an employee, director, consultant or advisor tothe Company terminates, the Company may repurchase or otherwise reacquire any or all of the shares of Common Stock held by the Participant that have notvested as of the date of termination under the terms of the restricted stock award agreement. The Company may delay the exercise of its repurchase option forsuch period of time required to avoid a charge to earnings for financial accounting purposes. (v) Transferability. Rights to purchase or receive shares of Common Stock granted under a restricted stock award shall betransferable by the Participant only upon such terms and conditions as are set forth in the restricted stock award agreement, as the Board shall determine in itsdiscretion, and so long as Common Stock awarded then remains subject to the terms of the restricted stock award agreement. (b) Restricted Stock Units. As a condition to the grant of a unit of restricted stock under the Plan, each recipient of a restricted stock unit shallexecute a restricted stock unit agreement in such form not inconsistent with the Plan as may be approved by the Board of Directors. The terms and conditionsof restricted stock unit agreements may change from time to time, and the terms and conditions of separate restricted stock unit agreements need not beidentical; provided, however, that each restricted stock unit agreement shall include (through incorporation of the provisions hereof by reference in theagreement or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions: (i) Consideration. At the time of grant of a restricted stock unit award, the Board will determine the consideration, if any, to be paidby the Participant upon delivery of each share of Common Stock subject to the restricted stock unit award. To the extent required by applicable law, theconsideration to be paid by the Participant for each share of Common Stock subject to a restricted stock unit award will not be less than the par value of ashare of Common Stock. Such consideration may be paid in any form permitted under applicable law. 7 (ii) Vesting. At the time of the grant of a restricted stock unit award, the Board may impose such restrictions or conditions to thevesting of the shares restricted stock unit as it deems appropriate. (iii) Payment. A restricted stock unit award may be settled by the delivery of shares of Common Stock, their cash equivalent, or ancombination of the two, as the Board deems appropriate. Settlement of such restricted stock unit award shall occur no later than two and one-half (2½)months following the year in which such restricted stock unit award vests. (iv) Additional Restrictions. At the time of the grant of a restricted stock unit award, the Board, as it deems appropriate, may imposesuch restrictions or conditions that delay the delivery of the shares of restricted stock (or their cash equivalent) after the vesting of such Award; provided thatno such restriction or condition shall cause a restricted stock unit award to violate the requirements of Section 409A of the Code. (v) Dividend Equivalents. Dividend equivalents may be credited in respect of restricted stock units, as the Board deems appropriate.Such dividend equivalents may be converted into additional restricted stock units by dividing (1) the aggregate amount or value of the dividends paid withrespect to that number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of restricted stock units then credited by (2) the Fair Market Value per share ofCommon Stock on the payment date for such dividend. The additional restricted stock units credited by reason of such dividend equivalents will be subject toall the terms and conditions of the underlying award to which they relate. Dividend equivalents shall be settled at the same time as the restricted stock unitawards to which they relate. (vi) Termination of Participant’s Service. Except as otherwise provided in the applicable Stock Award agreement, restricted stockunits (and any related dividend equivalents) that have not vested will be forfeited upon the Participant’s termination of Continuous Service for any reason. (c) Stock Appreciation Rights. As a condition to the grant of a stock appreciation right under the Plan, each recipient of a stock appreciationright shall execute a stock appreciation right agreement in such form not inconsistent with the Plan as may be approved by the Board of Directors. The termsand conditions of stock appreciation right agreements may change from time to time, and the terms and conditions of separate agreements need not be identical,but each agreement shall include (through incorporation of the provisions hereof by reference in the agreement or otherwise) the substance of each of thefollowing provisions: (i) Calculation of Appreciation. Each stock appreciation right will be denominated in shares of Common Stock equivalents. Theappreciation distribution payable on the exercise of a stock appreciation right will be not greater than an amount equal to the excess of (A) the aggregate FairMarket Value (on the date of the exercise of the stock appreciation right) of a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of shares of CommonStock equivalents in which the Participant is vested under such stock appreciation right and with respect to which the Participant is exercising the stockappreciation right on such date, over (B) the aggregate Fair Market Value (on the date of grant of the stock appreciation right), or such higher value assigned bythe Committee, of the same number of Common Stock equivalents awarded to the Participant under the stock appreciation right award. 8 (ii) Vesting. At the time of the grant of a stock appreciation right, the Board may impose such restrictions or conditions to the vestingof such right as it deems appropriate. (iii) Exercise. To exercise any outstanding stock appreciation right, the Participant must provide written notice of exercise to theCompany in compliance with the provisions of the stock appreciation rights agreement evidencing such right. (iv) Payment. The appreciation distribution in respect of a stock appreciation right may be paid in Common Stock, in cash, or anycombination of the two, as the Board deems appropriate. (v) Termination of Participant’s Service. If a Participant’s service as an employee, director, consultant or advisor to the Companyterminates for any reason, any unvested stock appreciation rights shall be forfeited and any vested stock appreciation rights shall be automatically redeemedby the Company. 9. General Restrictions. (a) Investment Representations. The Company may require any person to whom a Stock Award is granted, as a condition of receiving orexercising such Stock Award, as applicable, to give written assurances in substance and form satisfactory to the Company to the effect that such person isacquiring the Common Stock subject to the Stock Award for his or her own account for investment and not with any present intention of selling or otherwisedistributing the same, and to such other effects as the Company deems necessary or appropriate in order to comply with federal and applicable state securitieslaws, or with covenants or representations made by the Company in connection with any public offering of its Common Stock. (b) Compliance With Securities Laws. Each Stock Award shall be subject to the requirement that if, at any time, counsel to the Companyshall determine that the listing, registration or qualification of the shares subject to such Stock Award upon any securities exchange or under any state orfederal law, or the consent or approval of any governmental or regulatory body, or that the disclosure of non-public information or the satisfaction of any othercondition is necessary as a condition of, or in connection with, the issuance or purchase of shares thereunder, such Stock Award may not be issued orexercised, as applicable in whole or in part, unless such listing, registration, qualification, consent or approval, or satisfaction of such condition shall havebeen effected or obtained on conditions acceptable to the Board of Directors. Nothing herein shall be deemed to require the Company to apply for or to obtainsuch listing, registration or qualification, or to satisfy such condition. 9 10. Rights as a Stockholder. The holder of an option shall have no rights as a stockholder with respect to any shares covered by the option (including, without limitation, anyrights to receive dividends or non-cash distributions with respect to such shares) until the date of issue of a stock certificate to him or her for such shares. Noadjustment shall be made for dividends or other rights for which the record date is prior to the date such stock certificate is issued. 11. Adjustment Provisions for Recapitalizations and Related Transactions. (a) If (i) the outstanding shares of Common Stock are (A) exchanged for a different number or kind of shares or other securities of theCompany or (B) increased or decreased as a result of any recapitalization, reclassification, stock dividend, stock split or reverse stock split or (ii) additionalshares or new or different shares or other securities of the Company or other non-cash assets are distributed with respect to such shares of Common Stock orother securities, an appropriate and proportionate adjustment shall be made in (x) the maximum number and kind of shares reserved for issuance under thePlan, (y) the number and kind of shares or other securities subject to any then outstanding Stock Awards under the Plan, and (z) the price for each sharesubject to any then outstanding Stock Awards under the Plan, without changing the aggregate purchase price for such Stock Awards or as to which suchoptions remain exercisable. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no adjustment shall be made pursuant to this Section 11 if such adjustment would cause the Planto fail to comply with Section 422 of the Code. (b) Any adjustments under this Section 11 will be made by the Board of Directors, whose determination as to what adjustments, if any, willbe made and the extent thereof will be final, binding and conclusive. No fractional shares will be issued under the Plan on account of any such adjustments. 10 12. Merger, Consolidation, Asset Sale, Liquidation, etc. (a) General. In the event of (i) a consolidation, merger, combination or reorganization of the Company, in which outstanding shares ofCommon Stock are exchanged for securities, cash or other property of any other corporation or business entity, (ii) the sale, lease or other disposition of all orsubstantially all of the assets of the Company, (iii) a transaction or series of related transactions involving a person or entity, or a group of affiliated persons orentities (but excluding any employee benefit plan or related trust sponsored or maintained by the Company or an affiliate) in which such persons or entitiesthat were not shareholders of the Company immediately prior to their acquisition of Company securities as part of such transaction become the owners,directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing more than fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power of the Company’s thenoutstanding securities (a “Securities Acquisition”) other than by virtue of a merger, consolidation or similar transaction, or (iv) a dissolution or liquidation ofthe Company (hereinafter, each of the events described in (i) through (iv) above shall be a “Corporate Transaction”), then the Board of Directors of theCompany, shall take any one or more of the following actions, as to outstanding Stock Awards: (i) provide that such Stock Awards shall continue in existencewith appropriate adjustments or modifications, if applicable, or provide that such Stock Awards shall be assumed, or equivalent stock awards shall besubstituted, by the acquiring or succeeding corporation (or an affiliate thereof), provided that any such options substituted for Incentive Stock Options shallmeet the requirements of Section 424(a) of the Code, (ii) upon written notice to the Participants, provide that all unexercised options, or other Stock Awards tothe extent they are unexercised or unvested (i.e., in the case of restricted stock, the Company has a reacquisition or repurchase right as to the stock), includingStock Awards that are “out-of-the-money” or “underwater,” will terminate immediately prior to the consummation of such transaction unless exercised by theParticipant within a specified period following the date of such notice, if applicable, (iii) in the event of a consolidation, merger, combination, reorganization orSecurities Acquisition under the terms of which holders of the Common Stock of the Company will receive upon consummation thereof a cash payment foreach share surrendered in the transaction (the “Sale Price”), make or provide for a cash payment to the Participant equal to the difference between (A) the SalePrice times the number of shares of Common Stock subject to such outstanding Stock Awards (to the extent then vested or exercisable at prices not in excess ofthe Sale Price), and (B) the aggregate exercise price of all such outstanding Stock Awards in exchange for the termination of such Stock Awards, or (iv)provide that all or any outstanding Stock Awards shall become vested and exercisable in full or part (or any reacquisition or repurchase rights held by theCompany shall immediately lapse in full or part) at or immediately prior to such event. To the extent set forth in any option agreement or other stock awardagreement, the Board or its designee may specifically provide, either at the time of grant or thereafter, that any of the preceding actions shall or shall not occuror be taken with respect to an outstanding award. (b) Change in the Incumbent Board. The Board or its designee may provide for the accelerated vesting or exercisability of a Stock Award(including the lapse of any reacquisition or repurchase rights in favor of the Company) upon the occurrence of a Change in the Incumbent Board (as definedbelow) in any option agreement or other stock award agreement at the time of grant of the Stock Award, or at any time thereafter. A “Change in theIncumbent Board” shall be deemed to occur if the existing members of the Board on the date this Plan is initially adopted by the Board (the “IncumbentBoard”) cease to constitute at least a majority of the members of the Board, provided, however, that any new Board member shall be considered a member ofthe Incumbent Board for this purpose if the appointment or election (or nomination for such election) of the new Board member was approved or recommendedby a majority vote of the members of the Incumbent Board who are then still in office. (c) Substitute Options. The Company may grant Stock Awards under the Plan in substitution for Stock Awards held by employees of anothercorporation who become employees of the Company, or a subsidiary of the Company, as the result of a merger, consolidation, combination or reorganizationof the employing corporation with the Company or a subsidiary of the Company, or as the result of the acquisition by the Company, or one of its subsidiaries,of property or stock of the employing corporation. The Company may direct that substitute Stock Awards be granted on such terms and conditions as theBoard of Directors considers appropriate in the circumstances. 11 13. No Special Employment Rights. Nothing contained in the Plan or in any Stock Award shall confer upon any Participant any right with respect to the continuation of his or heremployment by the Company or interfere in any way with the right of the Company at any time to terminate such employment or to increase or decrease thecompensation of the Participant. 14. Other Employee Benefits. Except as to plans which by their terms include such amounts as compensation, the amount of any compensation deemed to be received by anemployee as a result of the issuance of a Stock Award, the lapse of any restrictions thereon, or the exercise of an option, or the sale of shares received uponsuch exercise will not constitute compensation with respect to which any other employee benefits of such employee are determined, including, withoutlimitation, benefits under any bonus, pension, profit-sharing, life insurance or salary continuation plan, except as otherwise specifically determined by theBoard of Directors. 15. Amendment of the Plan. (a) The Board of Directors may at any time, and from time to time, modify or amend the Plan in any respect, except that if at any time theapproval of the stockholders of the Company is required under Section 422 of the Code or any successor provision with respect to Incentive Stock Options, orunder Rule 16b-3 (if then applicable), the Board of Directors may not effect such modification or amendment without such approval. (b) Any modification or amendment of the Plan shall not, without the consent of a Participant, adversely affect the Participants rights under aStock Award previously granted to him or her. With the consent of the affected Participant, the Board of Directors may amend outstanding Stock Awardagreements in a manner not inconsistent with the Plan. The Board of Directors shall have the right to amend or modify (i) the terms and provisions of the Planand of any outstanding Incentive Stock Options granted under the Plan to the extent necessary to qualify any or all such options for such favorable federalincome tax treatment (including deferral of taxation upon exercise) as may be afforded incentive stock options under Section 422 of the Code and (ii) the termsand provisions of the Plan and of any outstanding Stock Award to the extent necessary to ensure the qualification of the Plan under Rule 16b-3 (if thenapplicable). 16. Withholding. (a) The Company shall have the right to deduct from payments of any kind otherwise due to a Participant any federal, state or local taxes ofany kind required by law to be withheld with respect to any shares issued pursuant to a Stock Award or upon exercise of options under the Plan, andincluding the lapse of any restrictions with respect to a Stock Award. Subject to the prior approval of the Company, which may be withheld by the Companyin its sole discretion, a Participant may elect to satisfy such obligations, in whole or in part, (i) by causing the Company to withhold shares of CommonStock otherwise issuable pursuant to the exercise of an option or (ii) by delivering to the Company shares of Common Stock already owned by the Participant.The shares so delivered or withheld shall have a Fair Market Value equal to such withholding obligation. The Fair Market Value of the shares used to satisfysuch withholding obligation shall be determined by the Company as of the date that the amount of tax to be withheld is to be determined. A Participant who hasmade an election pursuant to this Section 16(a) may only satisfy his or her withholding obligation with shares of Common Stock which are not subject to anyrepurchase, forfeiture, unfulfilled vesting or other similar requirements. 12 (b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, in the case of a Reporting Person, no election to use shares for the payment of withholding taxes shall beeffective unless made in compliance with any applicable requirements of Rule 16b-3 (unless it is intended that the transaction not qualify for exemption underRule 16b-3). 17. Effective Date and Duration of the Plan. (a) Effective Date. The Plan shall become effective when adopted by the Board of Directors, but no Stock Award granted under the Plan shallbecome exercisable, and no restricted stock award shall be granted, unless and until the Plan shall have been approved by the Company’s stockholders. Ifsuch stockholder approval is not obtained within twelve months after the date of the Board’s adoption of the Plan, options previously granted under the Planshall not vest and shall terminate and no options shall be granted thereafter. Amendments to the Plan not requiring stockholder approval shall become effectivewhen adopted by the Board of Directors; amendments requiring stockholder approval (as provided in Section 15) shall become effective when adopted by theBoard of Directors, but no option granted after the date of such amendment shall become exercisable (to the extent that such amendment to the Plan wasrequired to enable the Company to grant such option to a particular person) unless and until such amendment shall have been approved by the Company’sstockholders. If such stockholder approval is not obtained within twelve months of the Board’s adoption of such amendment, any options granted on or afterthe date of such amendment shall terminate to the extent that such amendment was required to enable the Company to grant such option to a particularoptionee. Subject to this limitation, Stock Awards may be granted under the Plan at any time after the effective date and before the date fixed for termination ofthe Plan. (b) Termination. The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan at any time. Suspension or termination of the Plan shall not adversely affect aParticipant’s rights under a Stock Award previously granted to the Participant while the Plan is in effect except with the consent of the Participant. Unlesssooner terminated in accordance with this Section or Section 12, the Plan shall terminate upon the close of business on the day next preceding the tenthanniversary of the date of its adoption by the Board of Directors. Stock Awards outstanding on such date shall continue to have force and effect in accordancewith the provisions of the instruments evidencing such Awards. 18. Provision for Foreign Participants. The Board of Directors may, without amending the Plan, modify Stock Awards or options granted to Participants who are foreign nationals oremployed outside the United States to recognize differences in laws, rules, regulations or customs of such foreign jurisdictions with respect to tax, securities,currency, employee benefit or other matters. 13  Exhibit 10.32 AMENDMENT No 2 to MASTER SERVICES AGREEMENT This Amendment, dated as of March 7, 2013 (the “Amendment Effective Date”) to that certain Master Services Agreement dated as ofMarch 31, 2009 (the“Original Agreement”), as amended by Amendment No 1 to Master Services Agreement dated as of July 27, 2011 (the “First Amendment” and, together withthe Original Agreement, the “Agreement”), is betweenCadila Pharmaceuticals Limited (“Cadila”), and Novavax, Inc. (“Novavax”). WHEREAS the parties to the Original Agreement initially agreed that Novavax would guarantee its use of Services for the initial three (3) years of the Term; WHEREASpursuant to the terms of the First Amendment, the parties amended the Original Agreement to, among other things, extend the period of use ofServices for an additional one (1) year; WHEREAS the parties now wish to extend the period of time during which Novavax would guarantee its use of Services an additional one (1) year; Now therefore, the parties hereto agree as follows: The second paragraph of Section 4 entitled “Payment by Novavax; Guaranty of Services” is deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following new secondparagraph: It is the intent of the parties that, during the first five(5) years of the term of this Agreement (the “Services Period”), Novavax will have engaged Cadila toperform Services hereunder that will in the aggregate equal $7.5 million in fees paid to Cadila. If, at the end of the Services Period, the Services Amount(defined below) does not equal or exceed $7.5 million, then Novavax shall pay Cadila an amount (the “Final Amount”) equal to the sum of (a) the portion ofthe Shortfall Amount that is less than or equal to $2.0 million, plus (b) the product of fifty percent (50%) times the portion, if any, of the Shortfall Amountthat exceeds $2.0 million. For purposes of this Section 4 and Section 9.2, “Services Amount” equals the sum of (A) the amounts paid under all Project Plans,and (B) amounts to be paid under executed Project Plans if the Services under such Project Plans are completed as provided therein, and (C) any amounts thatwould have been paid for services under a reasonable Service Request provided to Cadila under this Agreement, which Service Request (i) concerns legitimateproducts or projects within Novavax’s scope of its own business and (ii) involves services that Cadila is reasonably able to provide within its scope ofresources and expertise, but for the fact that Cadila exercised its right not to prepare a Project Estimate or agree to a Project Plan reasonably offered to Cadila byNovavax containing terms substantially consistent with those contained in Cadila’s Project Estimate therefor (which amounts shall be reasonably determinedbased on amounts that would be reasonably charged for such services had Cadila actually provided a Project Estimate and the parties had entered into aProject Plan therefor); and “Shortfall Amount” equals the difference between $7.5 million and the Services Amount.  Section 9.2 entitled “Force Majeure” is deleted in its entirety and replaced with the following: 9.2 Force Majeure. Neither party will be responsible for delays or failures in performance resulting from causes beyond the reasonable control ofsuch party (except for any delay or failure to pay amounts due hereunder), including without limitation fire, explosion, flood, war, strike, or riot, providedthat the nonperforming party uses commercially reasonable efforts to avoid or remove such causes of nonperformance and continues performance under thisAgreement with reasonable dispatch whenever such causes are removed. Either party shall have the right to immediately terminate this Agreement should suchforce majeure event continue for more than ninety (90) days. If, at the time of such a termination, the Services Amount (defined in Section 4) does not equal orexceed a pro rata portion of $5.5 million (taking into consideration the time between the Effective Date and such termination versus the five year ServicesPeriod (the “Pro Rata Amount”)) plus $2.0 million, then Novavax shall pay Cadila an amount (the “FM Final Amount”) equal to the sum of (a) the portion ofthe FM Shortfall Amount that is less than or equal to $2.0 million, plus (b) the product of fifty percent (50%) times the portion, if any, of the FM ShortfallAmount that exceeds 2.0 million. For purposes of this Section 9.2, “FM Shortfall Amount” equals the difference between the Pro Rata Amount and theServices Amount. In all other respects the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have caused this Amendment to be executed by their duly authorized representatives as of the Amendment EffectiveDate. NOVAVAX, INC. CADILA PHARMACEUTICALS LIMITED By:/s/ Stanley C. Erck By:/s/ Rajiv I. Modi Stanley C. Erck Rajiv I. Modi President and Chief Executive Officer Managing Director  Exhibit 23.1 Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm We have issued our reports dated March 12, 2013, with respect to the financial statements, schedule, and internal control over financial reporting included inthe Annual Report of Novavax, Inc. on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2012. We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference of said reportsin the Registration Statements of Novavax, Inc. on Forms S-3 (No. 333-165496 effective April 27, 2010; No. 333-118210 effective August 13, 2004; No. 333-118181 effective August 12, 2004; and No. 333-22685 effective March 4, 1997) and on Forms S-8 (No. 333-183113 effective August 7, 2012; No. 333-145298 effective August 9, 2007; No. 333-130990 effective January 12, 2006; No. 333-110401 effective November 12, 2003; No. 333-97931 effective August9, 2002; No. 333-46000 effective September 18, 2000; No. 333-77611 effective May 3, 1999; No. 33-80279 effective December 11, 1995; No. 33-80277effective December 11, 1995). /s/ Grant Thornton LLP Mclean, VirginiaMarch 12, 2013  Exhibit 31.1 CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER I, Stanley C. Erck, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Novavax, Inc.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make thestatements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects thefinancial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined inExchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for theregistrant and we have: a)designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under oursupervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us byothers within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; b)designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under oursupervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements forexternal purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; c)evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about theeffectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluations; and d)disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s mostrecent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likelyto materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to theregistrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):  a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which arereasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internalcontrol over financial reporting. Date: March 12, 2013 By:/s/ Stanley C. Erck President and Chief Executive Officer  Exhibit 31.2 CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL AND ACCOUNTING OFFICER I, Frederick W. Driscoll, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Novavax, Inc.; 2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make thestatements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects thefinancial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined inExchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for theregistrant and we have: a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision,to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within thoseentities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under oursupervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for externalpurposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about theeffectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluations; and d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s mostrecent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely tomaterially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to theregistrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):  a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which arereasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internalcontrol over financial reporting. Date: March 12, 2013 By:/s/ Frederick W. Driscoll Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer  Exhibit 32.1 CERTIFICATION OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER PURSUANTTO 18 UNITED STATES C. §1350(SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002) In connection with the Annual Report of Novavax, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal period ended December 31, 2012 as filed withthe Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Stanley C. Erck, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, herebycertify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to the best of my knowledge, that: 1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and 2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of theCompany for the dates and periods covered by this Report. Date: March 12, 2013By:/s/ Stanley C. Erck President and Chief Executive Officer  Exhibit 32.2 CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL AND ACCOUNTING OFFICERPURSUANT TO 18 UNITED STATES C. §1350(SECTION 906 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002) In connection with the Annual Report of Novavax, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the fiscal period ended December 31, 2012 as filed withthe Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Frederick W. Driscoll, Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer,hereby certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, to the best of my knowledge, that: 1) The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and 2) The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of theCompany for the dates and periods covered by this Report. Date: March 12, 2013By:/s/ Frederick W. Driscoll Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer 

Continue reading text version or see original annual report in PDF format above