Quarterlytics / Basic Materials / Steel / Olympic Steel / FY2014 Annual Report

Olympic Steel
Annual Report 2014

ZEUS · NASDAQ Basic Materials
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Ticker ZEUS
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Basic Materials
Industry Steel
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2014 Annual Report · Olympic Steel
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2014 Annual Report

About the Company

Olympic Steel, Inc. (Nasdaq: ZEUS) is a leading U.S. metals service center that specializes in the direct sale and distribution 

of large volumes of processed carbon, coated, aluminum and stainless flat-rolled sheet, coil and plate metal products. The 

Company  also  distributes  metal  tubing,  pipe,  bar,  valves  and  fittings  and  highly  engineered  fabricated  pressure  parts  to 

various industrial markets. These products are purchased from domestic and international metal producers, processed and 

inventoried by the Company and delivered just-in-time to a diverse customer base. Olympic Steel serves customers in metal 

consuming industries, including manufacturers and fabricators of transportation and material handling equipment, construction 

and farm machinery, storage tanks, environmental and energy generation equipment, automobiles, food service and electrical 

equipment, military vehicles and equipment, as well as general and plate fabricators and metals service centers. 

Olympic  Steel  offers  a  variety  of  processing  services,  including  both  traditional  service  center  processes  of  cutting-to-

length, slitting and shearing and higher value-added processes of blanking, tempering, plate burning, laser cutting, precision 

machining, welding, fabricating, bending and painting to process metal to specified lengths, widths and shapes pursuant to 

specific customer needs.

Financial Information

In thousands, except per-share and ratio data

      2014

      2013

      2012

For the Year

     Net sales

     Goodwill impairment

     Operating income (loss)

     Net income (loss)

     Net income (loss) per diluted share

     Weighted average diluted shares outstanding

     Capital expenditures

At Year End

     Inventories

     Accounts receivable, net

     Total assets

     Total debt

     Shareholders’ equity

     Shareholders’ equity per share

     Debt-to-equity ratio

$  1,436,270

$   1,263,331

$   1,383,701

(23,836)

(9,208)

(19,064)

(1.71)

11,120

7,834

-

19,655

7,647

0.69

11,074

16,098

(6,583)

18,449

2,277

0.21

10,995

23,373

$     311,108

$     286,371

$      290,023

123,804

700,748

247,620

280,781

25.55

115,288

697,349

199,269

298,616

27.24

112,841

705,994

241,711

289,857

26.54

0.88 to 1

0.67 to 1

0.83 to 1

2014 Letter to Shareholders

YEAR IN REVIEW

Last  year  our  mission  was  to  increase  sales  volume  and  grow  into  the  strategic  capital  investments  we  made  during  the 

previous five years. In 2014, we grew sales of flat carbon steel, tubular and pipe products, as well as flat stainless steel and 

aluminum products. According to data from the Metals Service Centers Institute, we gained market share in each of these 

product categories, resulting in Olympic Steel reaching a new high of $1.4 billion in net sales — up 14% from the prior year.

Global  factors  caused  metal  prices  to  decline  sharply  during  2014’s  second  half,  which  negatively  impacted  profitability. 

Earnings were also restricted by a compulsory impairment charge recorded in the final quarter of the year to write off a portion 

of goodwill from our balance sheet. This $23.8 million non-cash charge, reduced net income by $2.14 per share, and resulted 

in a reported net loss of $19.1 million or $1.71 per share in 2014.

To counter the effects of falling market prices, variable expenses were swiftly lowered and other actions were taken to enhance 

our financial condition. We strengthened our balance sheet in the fourth quarter of the year by reducing inventory levels and 

paying down more than $25 million in debt. Similar reductions are anticipated for the first half of 2015.

In 2014 we also lowered borrowing costs with an amendment to our asset-based credit facility. The amendment provides us 

with a $365 million revolving line of credit and extends the facility through June 30, 2019. In addition to lowering our interest 

rate,  the  terms  are  more  favorable  and  Company-owned  real  estate  was  removed  from  the  collateral  base,  providing  us 

with greater financial flexibility. At yearend, we were in compliance with all covenants and had approximately $100 million in 

available credit.

OUR INDUSTRY

End-user  demand  is  much  stronger  today  than  it  was  during  the  global  financial  crisis  of  2008-2009  when  steel  prices 

deteriorated in a similar fashion. This is particularly encouraging because housing and non-residential construction activity 

levels remain well below pre-recession levels. Historically, non-residential construction consumed approximately one-third of 

the steel in the U.S. market. Industry analysts have estimated this amount currently stands closer to 25%. Potential recovery 

in this sector would drive demand for steel even higher. 

Of course, the second determinant of market price is supply. The global steel market is currently in a state of excess capacity 

and oversupply, and the appreciating U.S. dollar is causing more foreign entities to export steel to the U.S. Surging imports, 

combined with lower raw material costs continue to apply downward pressure on prices. How long this will last is unpredictable, 

and we are actively addressing variable components of our business.

Increasing  steel  consumption  in  the  U.S.  has  also  attracted  foreign  steel  exporters.  In  addition  to  a  recovering  economy, 

U.S. manufacturing  costs have become  more globally  competitive  due to productivity  gains  and lower  energy  prices. This 

fundamental shift should result in more industrial activity and support higher future consumption. If elected officials and policy 

makers stop hindering U.S. business activity, more reshoring of manufacturing activity would be underway.

The Keystone XL Oil Pipeline is one example where bipartisan support and the will of the American people are being impeded 

by special interest agendas. Rather than blocking progress, our government’s executive branch should support infrastructure 

projects that can become engines for long-term economic expansion. Sectors of the economy where goods are produced 

have an exponential benefit to society relative to other sectors. Increasing industrial activity will benefit our standard of living 

by creating more good jobs and prosperity.

2014 Letter to Shareholders

Our  country’s  highways,  bridges,  electrical  grid,  water  and  sewer  systems  have  been  undercapitalized  for  more  than  a 

generation. American manufacturers are capable of competing and thriving in a global economy provided sufficient resources 

are allocated to developing and maintaining our country’s infrastructure.

OUR PEOPLE

We instill and reinforce a culture of continuous improvement at Olympic Steel. This extends beyond operational enhancements 

to  also  include  corporate  governance  and  management  structure.  This  year  we  adopted  a  new  board-level  governance 

configuration with the appointment of Ralph M. Della Ratta Jr. to the newly created position of Lead Independent Director.  

Mr. Della Ratta currently serves on the Board’s Audit and Compliance, and Compensation Committees. Previously, he chaired 

the Compensation Committee and served as a member and Chairman of the Nominating Committee.

Several  key  management  promotions  were  also  made  during  the  year  to  support  future  growth.  At  the  corporate  level,  

Stephen  Reyes  was  promoted  to  Vice  President,  Sales  and  Marketing–Flat  Rolled.  In  this  role,  he  is  responsible  for  the 

planning and execution of Olympic Steel’s flat-rolled sales and marketing strategies.

Andrew  Markowitz  was  promoted  to  the  newly  created  position  of  Vice  President  Sales  and  Marketing—Specialty  Metals. 

In 2005, Andy founded Integrity Stainless, which Olympic Steel acquired in 2010. Since the acquisition, our specialty metals 

group has grown substantially by increasing flat bar and strip coil product capabilities. Starting in 2015, we will begin reporting 

specialty  metals  as  a  standalone  segment.  Led  by  President  of  Specialty  Metals Andrew  Greiff,  this  business,  which  also 

includes flat aluminum products, reached net sales of $207 million in 2014, an increase of 700% compared with 2008.

2015 PROFIT IMPROVEMENT INITIATIVE

Our mission in 2015 is clear. In January of this year, we launched a multi-pronged profit improvement program to cut operating 

expenses, reduce debt and enhance margins. This plan includes improving underperforming divisions, lowering distribution costs, 

better managing variable labor and personnel expenses, as well as initiatives to enhance transportation and purchasing efficiencies. 

Demand appears steady in the majority of our markets; however, entering 2015, domestic steel prices remain under pressure 

from elevated import volume and low input costs. The volume of future steel imports will continue to be dictated by economic 

activity in other steel consuming regions around the world, as well as manipulation and normal market fluctuations in currency 

rates and commodity prices. We have discipline in place to manage factors within our control in this low-price environment.

In  closing,  I  would  like  to  thank  our  customers,  employees  and  shareholders.  As  we  execute  our  strategy  to  increase 

shareholder value your continued support of Olympic Steel is appreciated. While we cannot predict the future, we are excited 

by the challenges we face and are eager to move forward toward greater success.

Sincerely, 

Michael D. Siegal

March 09, 2015

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C. 20549  

Form 10-K 

  ( X )   ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For The Year Ended December 31, 2014  

  (   ) 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For The Transition Period From _______________ To _______________  

Commission File Number 0-23320 

OLYMPIC STEEL, INC. 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

Ohio 
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 

34-1245650 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) 

22901 Millcreek Boulevard, Suite 650, Highland Hills, OH 
(Address of principal executive offices) 

44122 
(Zip Code) 

Registrant's telephone number, including area code (216) 292-3800 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of each Class  
Common Stock, without par value   

Name of each Exchange on which registered 
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC 

 Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: 
None 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes (  ) No (X) 

Indicate  by  check  mark  if  the  registrant  is  not  required  to  file  reports  pursuant  to  Section  13  or  Section  15(d)  of  the  Exchange  Act.   
Yes (  ) No (X) 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has 
been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes (X) No (  ) 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive 
Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 
months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes (X) No (  ) 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be 
contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this 
Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. (X) 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting 
company.  See  the  definitions  of  “large  accelerated  filer,”  “accelerated  filer”  and  “smaller  reporting  company”  in  Rule  12b-2  of  the 
Exchange Act. (Check one:)    
Large accelerated filer (  ) 
Non-accelerated filed (  )  
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) 

Accelerated filer (X) 
Small reporting company (  ) 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).      Yes (  ) No (X) 

As of June 30, 2014, the aggregate market value of voting stock held by nonaffiliates of the registrant based on the closing price at which 
such stock was sold on the Nasdaq Global Select Market on such date approximated $225,236,063.  

The number of shares of common stock outstanding as of February 26, 2015 was 10,991,276. 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 

The registrant intends to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission a definitive Proxy Statement pursuant to Regulation 14A of 
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 within 120 days of the close of its fiscal year ended December 31, 2014, portions of which document 
shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference in Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K from the date such document is filed. 

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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TABLE OF CONTENTS 

Part I 

Item 1.   Business ..................................................................................................................................................... 
Item 1A.   Risk Factors ............................................................................................................................................... 
Item 1B.   Unresolved Staff Comments ...................................................................................................................... 
Item 2.  
Properties ................................................................................................................................................... 
Item 3.   Legal Proceedings ..................................................................................................................................... 
Item 4.   Mine Safety Disclosures ............................................................................................................................ 
Executive Officers of the Registrant ......................................................................................................... 

Part II 

Item 5.   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity 
Securities ................................................................................................................................................... 
Item 6.  
Selected Financial Data ............................................................................................................................. 
Item 7.   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations .................... 
Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk ................................................................... 
Item 8.  
Financial Statements and Supplementary Data ......................................................................................... 
Item 9.   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure .................... 
Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures ............................................................................................................................ 
Item 9B.  Other Information ...................................................................................................................................... 

Part III 

Item 10.   Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance ........................................................................ 
Item 11.  Executive Compensation ........................................................................................................................... 
Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters .. 
Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence .......................................... 
Item 14.  Principal Accountant Fees and Services  ................................................................................................... 

Part IV 

Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules ............................................................................................. 
Signatures .................................................................................................................................................. 
Index to Exhibits  ...................................................................................................................................... 

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PART I 

ITEM 1. BUSINESS 

The Company 

We are a leading metals service center that operates in two reportable segments; flat products and tubular and pipe products. 
We provide metals processing and distribution services for a wide range of customers. Our primary flat products focus is on 
the direct sale and distribution of large volumes of processed carbon, coated, aluminum and stainless flat-rolled sheet, coil 
and plate products. Through our Chicago Tube and Iron subsidiary, or CTI, we distribute metal tubing, pipe, bar, valves and 
fittings and fabricate pressure parts supplied to various industrial markets. In recent years, we have increased our participation 
in the stainless and aluminum markets, which we refer to as specialty metals. As a result, based on how our chief operating 
decision maker, or CODM, is expected to make decisions, assess performance and allocate resources in the future, we expect 
to disclose three reportable segments beginning in 2015. The segments will be flat products, tubular and pipe products and 
specialty metals.  

Products that require more value-added processing generally have a higher gross profit. Accordingly, our overall gross profit 
is affected by, among other things, product mix, the amount of processing performed, the demand for and availability of 
metals,  and  volatility  in  selling  prices  and  material  purchase  costs.  We  also  perform  toll  processing  of  customer-owned 
metals.  We  sell  certain  products  internationally,  primarily  in  Canada,  Puerto  Rico  and  Mexico.  International  sales  are 
immaterial to our consolidated financial results and to the individual segments’ results. 

Segment reporting information is contained in Note 15 of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, which can be found 
in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and which is incorporated herein by reference. 

We are incorporated under the laws of the State of Ohio. Our executive offices are located at 22901 Millcreek Boulevard, 
Suite  650,  Highland  Hills,  Ohio  44122.  Our  telephone  number  is  (216)  292-3800,  and  our  website  address  is 
www.olysteel.com. We are not including the information on our website as a part of, or incorporating it by reference into, 
this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

Industry Overview  

The  metals  industry  is  comprised  of  three  types  of  entities:  metals  producers,  intermediate  metals  processors  and  metals 
service centers. Metals producers have historically emphasized the sale of metals to volume purchasers and have generally 
viewed intermediate metals processors and metals service centers as part of their customer base. However, all three types of 
entities can compete for certain customers who purchase large quantities of metals. Intermediate metals processors tend to 
serve as processors in large quantities for metals producers and major industrial consumers of processed metals, including 
automobile and appliance manufacturers. 

Services  provided  by  metals  service  centers  can  range  from  storage  and  distribution  of  unprocessed  metal  products  to 
complex, precision value-added metals processing. Metals service centers respond directly to customer needs and emphasize 
value-added processing of metals pursuant to specific customer demands, such as cutting-to-length, slitting, shearing, roll 
forming,  shape  correction  and  surface  improvement,  blanking,  tempering,  plate  burning  and  stamping.  These  processes 
produce metals to specified lengths, widths, shapes and surface characteristics through the use of specialized equipment. 
Metals  service  centers  typically  have  lower  cost  structures  than,  and  provide  services  and  value-added  processing  not 
otherwise available from, metals producers. 

End product manufacturers and other metals users seek to purchase metals on shorter lead times and with more frequent and 
reliable deliveries than can normally be provided by metals producers. Metals service centers generally have lower labor 
costs than metals producers and consequently process metals on a more cost-effective basis. In addition, due to this lower 
cost structure, metals service centers are able to handle orders in quantities smaller than would be economical for metals 
producers. The benefits to customers purchasing products from metals service centers include lower inventory levels, lower 
overall cost of raw materials, more timely response and decreased manufacturing time and expense. Customers also benefit 
from a lower investment in buildings and equipment, which allows them to focus on the engineering, assembly and marketing 
of  their  products.  We  believe  that  customers’  demands  for  just-in-time  delivery  have  made  the  value-added  inventory, 
processing and delivery functions performed by metals service centers increasingly important. 

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Corporate History 

Our company was founded in 1954 by the Siegal family as a general steel service center. Michael Siegal, the son of one of 
the founders, began his career with us in the early 1970s and has served as our Chief Executive Officer since 1984, and as 
our Chairman of the Board of Directors since 1994. David Wolfort, our President and Chief Operating Officer, joined us as 
General Manager in 1984. In the late 1980s, our business strategy changed from a focus on warehousing and distributing 
steel from a single facility with no major processing equipment to a focus on growth, geographic and customer diversity and 
value-added  processing.  An  integral  part  of  our  growth  has  been  the  acquisition  and  start-up  of  processing  and  sales 
operations, and the investment in processing equipment. In 1994, we completed an initial public offering and, in 1996, we 
completed a follow-on offering of our common stock. In July 2011, we acquired CTI, a private leading distributor of tubing, 
pipe, bar, valves, and fittings, which represents our tubular and pipe products segment.  

Business Strategy and Objectives 

We believe that the metals service center and processing industry is driven by four primary trends: (i) return of domestic 
manufacturing processes by North American original equipment manufacturers; (ii) shift by customers to fewer suppliers 
that are larger and financially strong; (iii) increased customer demand for more frequent, higher quality products and services; 
and (iv) consolidation and globalization of metals industry participants. 

In recognition of these industry trends, our focus has been on achieving profitable geographic and product growth through 
the  start-up  and  acquisition  of  service  centers,  processors,  fabricators  and  related  businesses,  and  investments  in  people, 
information systems, higher value-added processing equipment and services, while continuing our commitment to expanding 
and improving our operating efficiencies, sales and servicing efforts. 

In 2015 we initiated a profit improvement program to reduce operating expenses and enhance margins. This plan includes 
improving  underperforming  divisions,  lowering  distribution  costs,  lowering  labor  and  personnel  expenses,  as  well  as 
transportation and purchasing initiatives.  

We are focusing on operational excellence initiatives in order to transform the order-to-delivery process and lower our costs 
by improving three key sub-systems: 

Operating  system:  Focused  on  continuously  improving  processes  through  waste  and  variation  elimination  using 
Lean Six Sigma tools. 

Cultural system: Focused on creating the environment to facilitate change and improve the way we work and create 
value. 

Management  system:  Focused  on  creating  the  measurements  and  governance  structure  to  support  continuous 
improvement. 

In  addition,  we  are  focused  on  specific  operating  objectives  including:  (i)  growing  our  market  share;  (ii)  investing  in 
automation and value-added processing equipment; (iii) managing inventory turnover; (iv) managing operating expenses; (v) 
maintaining  targeted  cash  turnover  rates;  (vi)  investing  in  technology  and  business  information  systems;  (vii)  improving 
safety awareness; and (viii) improving on-time delivery and quality performance for our customers.  

These operating objectives are supported by:  

●  A set of core values, which are communicated, practiced and measured throughout the Company. 
●  Our  “flawless  execution”  program  (Fe),  which  is  an  internal  program  that  empowers  employees  to  achieve
profitable growth by delivering superior customer service and exceeding customer expectations and recognizes
them for their efforts. 

●  On-going business process enhancements and redesigns to improve efficiencies and reduce costs. 
●  New systems and key metric reporting to focus managers on achieving specific operating objectives. 
●  Alignment of compensation with the financial objectives and performance of the Company and the achievement

of specific financial and operating objectives. 

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We believe our depth of management, facilities, locations, processing capabilities, inventory, focus on safety, quality and 
customer service, extensive and experienced sales force, and the strength of our customer and supplier relationships provide 
a strong foundation for implementation of our strategy and achievement of our objectives. Certain elements of our strategy 
are set forth in more detail below.  

Investments and Acquisitions. Over the five year period from 2008 to 2012 we spent over $125 million on capital investments 
for new facilities and processing equipment in support of our strategic growth initiatives. Since 2013, we have limited our 
capital spending to be less than our annual depreciation expense (which was approximately $20 million in 2014). Within this 
self-imposed limitation, we continue to invest in processing and automation equipment to support customer demand and to 
respond to the growing trend among original equipment manufacturers (our customers) to outsource non-core production 
processes, such as plate processing, machining, welding and fabrication, in order to concentrate on engineering, design and 
assembly.  When  the  results of sales  and  marketing  efforts  and our financial  justifications  indicate  that  there  is  sufficient 
customer demand for a particular product, process or service, we may purchase equipment to satisfy that demand. We also 
evaluate  our  existing  equipment  to  ensure  that  it  remains  productive,  and  we  upgrade,  replace,  redeploy  or  dispose  of 
equipment when necessary. 

During 2014, we placed an order for a stretcher leveling line as well as other processing equipment for our expanded value-
added customer base in Winder, Georgia. The equipment is expected to be operational in 2015. In 2013, we opened a new 
facility in Latrobe, Pennsylvania and added tube and pipe distribution capabilities from our Cleveland, Ohio and Monterey, 
Mexico facilities. Our specialty  metals facility in Streetsboro, Ohio became operational during the third quarter of 2012. 
Other capital expenditures were attributable to additional processing equipment and building improvements at our existing 
facilities.  

Sales and Marketing. We believe that our commitments to quality, service, just-in-time delivery and field sales personnel 
have enabled us to build and maintain strong customer relationships. We continuously analyze our customer base to ensure 
that  strategic  customers  are  properly  targeted  and  serviced,  while  focusing  our  efforts  to  supply  and  service  our  larger 
customers on a national basis, where we successfully service multi-location customers from multi-location Olympic facilities. 
We continue to service our customers with both flat and tubular and pipe products with cross-stocking of products in certain 
facilities.  

We offer business solutions to our customers through value-added and value-engineered services. We also provide inventory 
stocking programs and in-plant Olympic Steel employees located at certain customer locations to help reduce customers’ 
costs. Our expanding owned truck fleet further enhances our just-in-time deliveries based on our customers’ requirements. 

Our Fe program is a commitment to provide superior customer service while striving to exceed customer expectations. This 
program includes tracking actual on-time delivery and quality performance against objectives, and recognition of employee 
initiatives to improve efficiencies, streamline processes or reduce operating expenses at each operation.  

We believe our sales force is among the largest and most experienced in the industry. Our sales force makes direct daily sales 
calls to customers throughout the continental United States and in Mexico. The continuous interaction between our sales 
force and active and prospective customers provides us with valuable market information and sales opportunities, including 
opportunities for outsourcing, improving customer service and increased sales. 

Our sales efforts are further supported by metallurgists, engineers, technical service personnel and product specialists who 
have specific expertise in carbon and stainless steel, aluminum, alloy plate and steel fabrication as well as tubular and pipe 
products. We have expanded our stainless steel and aluminum products and services, and added sales personnel to grow sales 
in these areas. Our services for specific customers also include integration into our internal business systems to provide cost 
efficiencies for both us and our customers. 

Management. We believe one of our strengths is the depth, knowledge and experience of our management team. In addition 
to  our  executive  officers,  members  of  our  senior  management  team  have  a  diversity  of  backgrounds  within  the  metals 
industry, including management positions at metals producers and other metals service centers. They average 29 years of 
experience in the metals industry and 22 years with our company. 

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Products, Processing Services and Quality Standards 

We maintain inventory of carbon, stainless and aluminum coil, plate and sheet products, and tubular and pipe products. Coil 
is in the form of a continuous sheet, typically 36 to 96 inches wide, between 0.015 and 0.625 inches thick, and rolled into 10 
to 30 ton coils. Because of the size and weight of these coils and the equipment required to move and process them into 
smaller sizes, such coils do not meet the requirements, without further processing, of most customers. Plate is typically thicker 
than coil and is processed by laser, plasma or oxygen burning.  

Through  our  CTI  subsidiary,  we  maintain  inventory  of  round,  square,  and  rectangular  mechanical  and  structural  tubing; 
hydraulic and stainless tubing; boiler tubing; carbon, stainless, and aluminum pipe; and valves and fittings. Overall, CTI 
maintains over 30,000 line items within its inventory. CTI provides a variety of value added services to its tube and pipe 
product line, including saw cutting, laser cutting, threading and grooving. CTI also fabricates pressure components supplied 
to various industrial markets.    

Customer orders are entered or electronically transmitted into computerized order entry systems, and appropriate inventory 
is selected and scheduled for processing in accordance with the customer’s specified delivery date. We attempt to maximize 
yield and equipment efficiency through the use of computer software and by combining customer orders for processing each 
coil, plate, tube or pipe to the fullest extent practicable. 

Our services include both traditional service center processes of cutting-to-length, slitting, flattening, sawing and shearing 
and  higher  value-added  processes  of  blanking,  tempering,  plate  burning,  laser  cutting,  precision  machining,  welding, 
fabricating, bending, polishing, kitting and painting to process metals to specified lengths, widths and shapes pursuant to 
specific customer orders. Cutting-to-length involves cutting metal along the width of the coil. Slitting involves cutting metal 
to specified widths along the length of the coil. Shearing is the process of cutting sheet metal. Blanking cuts the metal into 
specific shapes with close tolerances. Tempering improves the uniformity of the thickness and flatness of the metals through 
a cold rolling process. Plate and laser processing is the process of cutting metal into specific shapes and sizes. Our forming 
activities  include  bending  metal.  Our  machining  activities  include  drilling,  milling,  tapping,  boring  and  sawing.  Tube 
processing includes tube bending and end finishing. Finishing activities include shot blasting, grinding, edging and polishing. 
Our fabrication activities include additional machining, welding, assembly and painting of component parts. 

The following table sets forth, as of December 31, 2014, the major pieces of processing equipment in operation by segment:   

Processing Equipment 
Cutting-to-length 
Slitting 
Shearing 
Blanking 
Tempering  
Plate processing 
Laser processing 
Forming 
Machining 
Painting 
Tube processing 
Finishing 
Total 

Flat Products

Tubular and 
Pipe Products

Total 

14      
10      
10      
4      
3      
26      
29      
17      
52      
3      
2      
28      
198      

12      
-     
-     
-     
-     
-     
7      
-     
80      
1      
32      
3      
135      

26  
10  
10  
4  
3  
26  
36  
17  
132  
4  
34  
31  
333  

Our quality  assurance  system,  led  by  certified  specialists  and  engineers,  establishes  controls  and  procedures  covering  all 
aspects of our products from the time the material is ordered through receipt, processing and shipment to the customer. These 
controls  and  procedures  encompass  periodic  supplier  audits,  customer  satisfaction  surveys,  workshops  with  customers, 
inspection equipment and criteria, preventative actions, traceability and certification. We have quality testing labs at several 
of our facilities, as well as adjacent to our temper mill facilities in Cleveland, Ohio and Bettendorf, Iowa. 

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In addition, 25 of our facilities have earned International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 9001:2008 certifications. 
Our  Detroit  operation  is  also  TS-16949  certified.  CTI  has  earned  The  American  Society  of  Mechanical  Engineers  S 
Certification and The National Board of Boiler & Pressure Vessel Inspectors R Certification. We have met the requirements 
for ISO 14001 (environmental management) in most of our facilities. Our office building in Winder, Georgia has received 
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED) certification.  

Customers and Distribution 

We have a diverse customer and geographic base, which helps to reduce the inherent risk and cyclicality of our business. Net 
sales to our top three customers, in the aggregate, approximated 11.1%, 11.1% and 10.4% of our consolidated net sales in 
2014,  2013  and  2012,  respectively.  We  serve  customers  in  metals  consuming  industries,  including  manufacturers  and 
fabricators  of  transportation  and  material  handling  equipment,  construction,  mining  and  farm  equipment,  storage  tanks, 
environmental and energy generation equipment, automobiles, food service and electrical equipment, military vehicles and 
equipment, as well as general and plate fabricators and metals service centers. The table below shows the percentage of our 
consolidated net sales to the largest industries for the past three years.  

Industry 
Industrial machinery and equipment manufacturers and 

their fabricators 

Metals service centers 
Residential and commercial construction 
Automobile manufacturers and their suppliers 
Transportation equipment manufacturers 
All others <5% 

2014

50.6% 
9.1% 
8.2% 
7.9% 
5.6% 
18.6% 

2013 

50.2% 
7.4% 
8.2% 
8.9% 
4.6% 
20.7% 

2012

50.1% 
7.6% 
6.1% 
8.4% 
4.2% 
23.6% 

While  we  ship  products  throughout  the  United  States,  most  of  our  customers  are  located  in  the  midwestern,  eastern  and 
southern regions of the United States. Most domestic customers are located within a 250-mile radius of one of our processing 
facilities,  thus  enabling  an  efficient  delivery  system  capable  of  handling  a  high  frequency  of  short  lead  time  orders.  We 
transport our products directly to customers via our in-house truck fleet, which further supports our just-in-time delivery 
requirements imposed by our customers, and third-party trucking firms. Products sold to foreign customers, which have been 
immaterial to our consolidated results, are shipped either directly from metals producers to the customer or to an intermediate 
processor, and then to the customer by rail, truck or ocean carrier. With the addition of our facility in Monterrey, Mexico, we 
are able to stock material and service our customers in that country with shorter lead times.  

We process our metals to specific customer orders as well as for stocking programs. Many of our larger customers commit 
to purchase on a regular basis at agreed upon or indexed prices for periods ranging from three to twelve months. To help 
mitigate price volatility risks, these price commitments are generally matched with corresponding supply arrangements, or 
to a lesser, but increasing, degree by commodities hedging. Customers notify us of specific release dates as processed products 
are required. Customers typically notify us of release dates anywhere from a just-in-time basis to one month before the release 
date.  Therefore,  we  are  required  to  carry  sufficient  inventory  to  meet  the  short  lead  time  and  just-in-time  delivery 
requirements of our customers. CTI produces engineered products for the industrial boiler industry. These products typically 
take several months to produce due to their size and complexity. Due to the time required for production, we may require 
progress payments throughout the construction period. 

The current global economic environment has resulted in increased vendor scrutiny by our customers and potential customers. 
We believe our size, financial position, and our focus on quality and customer service are advantageous in maintaining our 
customer base and in securing new customers. 

Raw Materials 

Our principal raw materials are carbon, coated and stainless steel and aluminum, in the forms of pipe and tube, flat rolled 
sheet, coil and plate that we typically purchase from multiple primary metals producers. The metals industry as a whole is 
cyclical and at times pricing and availability of material can be volatile due to numerous factors beyond our control, including 
general domestic and global economic conditions, labor costs, sales levels, competition, consolidation of metals producers, 
fluctuations in the costs of raw materials necessary to produce metals, import duties and tariffs and currency exchange rates. 
This volatility can significantly affect the availability and cost of raw materials for us. 

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Inventory management is a key profitability driver in the metals service center industry. We, like many other metals service 
centers, maintain substantial inventories of metals to accommodate the short lead times and just-in-time delivery requirements 
of our customers. Accordingly, we purchase metals in an effort to maintain our inventory at levels that we believe to be 
appropriate to satisfy the anticipated needs of our customers based upon historic buying practices, contracts with customers 
and market conditions.  

Our  commitments  to purchase  metals  are  generally  at  prevailing  market  prices  in  effect  at  the  time  we place our orders. 
During the past three years, we have entered into nickel and carbon swaps at the request of our customers in order to mitigate 
our customers’ risk of volatility in the price of metals. In 2014, we entered into metals hedges to mitigate our risk of volatility 
in the price of metals. 

We have no long-term, fixed-price metals purchase contracts, except for commodity hedges. When metals prices increase, 
competitive conditions will influence how much of the price increase we can pass on to our customers. When metals prices 
decline, customer demands for lower prices and our competitors’ responses to those demands could result in lower sale prices 
and, consequently, lower gross profits and earnings as we use existing metals inventory. 

Suppliers 

We concentrate on developing supply relationships with high-quality domestic and international metals producers, using a 
coordinated effort to be the customer of choice for business critical suppliers. We employ sourcing strategies that maximize 
the quality, production lead times and transportation economies of a global supply base. We are an important customer of 
flat-rolled coil and plate, pipe and tube for many of our principal suppliers, but we are not dependent on any one supplier. 
We purchase in bulk from metals producers in quantities that are efficient for such producers. This enables us to maintain a 
continued source of supply at what we believe to be competitive prices. We believe the access to our facilities and equipment, 
and our high quality customer services and solutions, combined with our long-standing and continuous prompt pay practices, 
will continue to be an important factor in maintaining strong relationships with metals suppliers.  

The metals producing supply base has experienced significant consolidation, with a few suppliers accounting for a majority 
of the domestic carbon steel market. We purchased approximately 43% and 42% of our total metals requirements from our 
three largest suppliers in 2014 and 2013, respectively. Although we have no long-term supply commitments, we believe we 
have good relationships with our metals suppliers. If, in the future, we are unable to obtain sufficient amounts of metals on a 
timely basis, we may not be able to obtain metals from alternate sources at competitive prices. In addition, interruptions or 
reductions in our supply of metals could make it difficult to satisfy our customers’ just-in-time delivery requirements, which 
could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

Competition 

Our principal markets are highly competitive. We compete with other regional and national metals service centers, single 
location service centers and, to a certain degree, metals producers and intermediate metals processors on a regional basis. We 
have  different  competitors  for  each  of  our  products  and  within  each  region.  We  compete  on  the  basis  of  price,  product 
selection and availability, customer service, value-added capabilities, quality, financial strength and geographic proximity. 
Certain of our competitors have greater financial and operating resources than we have. 

With the exception of certain Canadian or Mexican operations, foreign-located metals service centers are generally not a 
material competitive factor in our principal domestic markets. 

Management Information Systems  

Information systems are an important component of our strategy. We have invested in technologies and human resources as 
a foundation for growth. We depend on our Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) systems for financial reporting, management 
decision-making, inventory management, order tracking and fulfillment and production optimization. We continue to upgrade 
and consolidate our systems for optimal use of resources and to assure we are taking advantage of technology offerings.  

6 

  
  
   
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
   
  
  
    
 
 
Our information systems focus on the following core application areas: 

Inventory Management. Our information systems track the status and cost of inventories by product, location and 
process on a daily basis. This information is essential to optimize management of inventory. 

Differentiated  Services  To  Customers.  Our  information  systems  support  value-added  services  to  customers, 
including quality control and on-time delivery monitoring and reporting, just-in-time inventory management and 
shipping services. 

E-Commerce and Advanced Customer Interaction. We are actively participating in electronic commerce initiatives 
to  reduce  processing  cost  and  time.  In  addition  to  full  electronic  data  interchange  (EDI)  capabilities  with  our 
customers and vendors, we also have implemented extranet sites for specific customers which are integrated with 
our internal business systems.  

System and Process Enhancements. We have completed development of business system alternatives to replace our 
legacy information systems and have successfully implemented new ERP systems at most of our locations and have 
decommissioned  three  legacy  systems  as  of  December  31,  2014.  We  continue  to  roll  out  these  new  systems  to 
provide standardized business processes, enhanced inventory management, production cost, and sales administrative 
controls,  and  reduced  technical  support  requirements.  Our  business  analysts  work  with  our  ISO  quality  team  to 
identify opportunities for efficiency and improved customer service. We collaborate across the metal supply chain, 
working  with  metal  producers,  service  providers,  customers,  and  industry-sponsored  organizations  to  develop 
industry processing standards to drive cost out of the supply chain.  

Information  security  and  continuous  availability  of  information  processing  are  of  highest  priority.  Our  information 
professionals employ proven security and monitoring practices and tools. In case of physical emergency or threat, our new 
ERP systems, accounting system, internet and communications systems are duplicated at a secure off-site computing facility, 
with migration of our other systems now in progress. 

Employees 

At  December 31, 2014, we employed  approximately  1,810 people. Approximately  317 of  the hourly  plant personnel  are 
represented  by  nine  separate  collective  bargaining  units.  The  table  below  shows  the  expiration  dates  of  the  collective 
bargaining agreements. 

Facility 
Locust, North Carolina 
Romeoville, Illinois 
Minneapolis, Minnesota (coil facility) 
Indianapolis, Indiana 
Minneapolis, Minnesota (plate facility) 
Detroit, Michigan 
Duluth, Minnesota 
St. Paul, Minnesota 
Milan, Illinois 

   Expiration date
   March 4, 2015 
   May 31, 2015 

September 30, 2015 
January 29, 2016 
   March 31, 2017 
   August 31, 2017 
   December 21, 2017 
   May 25, 2018 
   August 12, 2018 

We have never experienced a work stoppage and we believe that our relationship with employees is good. However, any 
prolonged work stoppages by our personnel represented by collective bargaining units could have a material adverse impact 
on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

Service Marks, Trade Names and Patents 

We conduct our business under the name “Olympic Steel.” A provision of federal law grants exclusive rights to the word 
“Olympic”  to  the  U.S.  Olympic  Committee.  The  U.S.  Supreme  Court  has  recognized,  however,  that  certain  users  may 
continue to use the word based on long-term and continuous use. We have used the name Olympic Steel since 1954, but are 
prevented from registering the name “Olympic” and from being qualified to do business as a foreign corporation under that 
name in certain states. In such states, we have registered under different names, including “Oly Steel” and “Olympia Steel.” 
Our wholly-owned subsidiary, Olympic Steel Lafayette, Inc., does business in certain states under the names “Olympic Steel 
7 

  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
Detroit,” “Lafayette Steel and Processing” and “Lafayette Steel.” Our wholly-owned subsidiary, Olympic Steel Iowa, Inc. 
does business in certain states under the name “Oly Steel Iowa, Inc.”. Our North Carolina operation conducts business under 
the name “Olympic Steel North Carolina.” Our Integrity Stainless operation conducts business under the name “Integrity 
Stainless”. Our CTI North Carolina operation conducts business under the name “CTI Power.” Our operation in Monterrey, 
Mexico operates under the name “Metales de Olympic S. de.R.L. de C.V.” 

We  also  hold  a  trademark  for  our  stainless  steel  sheet  and  plate  product  “OLY-FLATBRITE,”  which  has  a  unique 
combination of surface finish and flatness. 

Government Regulation 

Our operations are governed by many laws and regulations, including those relating to workplace safety and worker health, 
principally the Occupational Safety and Health Act and regulations thereunder. We believe that we are in material compliance 
with these laws and regulations and do not believe that future compliance with such laws and regulations will have a material 
adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

Environmental 

Our facilities are subject to certain federal, state and local requirements relating to the protection of the environment. We 
believe that we are in material compliance with all environmental laws, do not anticipate any material expenditures to meet 
environmental requirements and do not believe that compliance with such laws and regulations will have a material adverse 
effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.  

Seasonality 

Seasonal factors may cause demand fluctuations within the year which could impact our results of operations. Typically, the 
first half of the year is stronger than the second half of the year, as it contains more ship days and is not impacted by the 
seasonal shut-downs in July, November and December due to holidays.  

Effects of Inflation 

Inflation  generally  affects  us  by  increasing  the  cost  of  employee  wages  and  benefits,  transportation  services,  processing 
equipment, purchased metals, energy and borrowings under our credit facility. General inflation, excluding the price of metals 
and increased distribution and fuel expense, has not had a material effect on our financial results during the past three years. 

Backlog 

Because we conduct our operations generally on the basis of short-term orders, we do not believe that backlog is a material 
or meaningful indicator of future performance. 

Available Information 

We file annual, quarterly, and current reports, proxy statements, and other documents with the SEC under the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934. The public may read and copy any materials filed with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room 
at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference 
Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Also, the SEC maintains an Internet website that contains reports, proxy and 
information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. The public can obtain 
any documents that are filed by the Company at http://www.sec.gov. 

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In addition, our annual reports on Form 10-K, as well as our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K 
and any amendments to all of the foregoing reports, are made available free of charge on or through the “Investor Relations” 
section of our website at www.olysteel.com as soon as reasonably practicable after such reports are electronically filed with 
or furnished to the SEC.  

Information  relating  to  our  corporate  governance  at  Olympic  Steel,  including  our  Business  Ethics  Policy,  information 
concerning our executive officers, directors and Board committees (including committee charters), and transactions in our 
securities by directors and officers, is available free of charge on or through the “Investor Relations” section of our website 
at www.olysteel.com. We are not including the information on our website as a part of, or incorporating it by reference into, 
this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

Forward-Looking Information 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K and other documents we file with the SEC contain various forward-looking statements 
that are based on current expectations, estimates, forecasts and projections about our future performance, business, our beliefs 
and our management’s assumptions. In addition, we, or others on our behalf, may make forward-looking statements in press 
releases or written statements, or in our communications and discussions with investors and analysts in the normal course of 
business  through  meetings,  conferences,  webcasts,  phone  calls  and  conference  calls.  Words  such  as  “may,”  “will,” 
“anticipate,” “should,” “intend,” “expect,” “believe,” “estimate,” “project,” “plan,” “potential,” and “continue,” as well as 
the  negative  of  these  terms  or  similar  expressions  are  intended  to  identify  forward-looking  statements,  which  are  made 
pursuant  to  the  safe  harbor  provisions  of  the  Private  Securities  Litigation  Reform  Act  of  1995.  Such  forward-looking 
statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results to differ materially from those 
implied by such statements including, but not limited to, those set forth in Item 1A (Risk Factors) below and the following:  

●  general and global business, economic, financial and political conditions, including the ongoing effects of the global

● 

● 
● 
● 

economic recovery; 
competitive factors such as the availability, global production levels and pricing of metals, industry shipping and 
inventory levels and rapid fluctuations in customer demand and metals pricing;  
cyclicality and volatility within the metals industry; 
the availability and costs of transportation and logistical services; 
the successes of our strategic efforts and initiatives to increase sales volumes, maintain or improve working capital
turnover  and  free  cash  flows,  improve  our  customer  service,  and  achieve  cost  savings,  including  our  recently
launched internal program to improve earnings; 

●  our ability to generate free cash flow through operations and limited future capital expenditures, reduce inventory

and repay debt within anticipated time frames;  
events or circumstances that could impair or adversely impact the carrying value of any of our assets;  
risks and uncertainties associated with intangible assets, including additional goodwill impairment charges; 
events  or  circumstances  that  could  adversely  impact  the  successful  operation  of  our  processing  equipment  and
operations; 
the amounts, successes and our ability to continue our capital investments and strategic growth initiatives, including
the Winder, Georgia project, and our business information system implementations;  
the successes of our operational excellence initiatives to improve our operating, cultural and management systems
and reduce our costs; 
the ability to comply with the terms of our asset-based credit facility; 
the ability of our customers and third parties to honor their agreements related to derivative instruments; 
customer, supplier and competitor consolidation, bankruptcy or insolvency; 
reduced production schedules, layoffs or work stoppages by our own, our suppliers’ or customers’ personnel;  
the impacts of union organizing activities and the success of union contract renewals; 
the timing and outcomes of inventory lower of cost or market adjustments; 
the ability of our customers (especially those that may be highly leveraged, and those with inadequate liquidity) to 
maintain their credit availability;  
the inflation or deflation existing within the metals industry, as well as our product mix and inventory levels on hand,
which can impact our cost of materials sold as a result of the fluctuations in the last-in, first-out, or LIFO, inventory 
reserve;  
the  adequacy  of  our  existing  information  technology  and  business  system  software,  including  duplication  and
security processes;  
the adequacy of our efforts to mitigate cyber security threats;  
access to capital and global credit markets;  

● 
● 
● 

● 

● 

● 
● 
● 
● 
● 
● 
● 

● 

● 

● 
● 

9 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
●  our ability to pay regular quarterly cash dividends and the amounts and timing of any future dividends;  
● 

the enacted federal healthcare legislation’s impact on the healthcare benefits required to be provided by us and the 
impact of such legislation on our compensation and administrative costs; and  

●  unanticipated  developments  that  could  occur  with  respect  to  contingencies  such  as  litigation  and  environmental

matters, including any developments that would require any increase in our costs for such contingencies. 

Should one or more of these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or should underlying assumptions prove incorrect, 
actual results may vary materially from those anticipated, intended, expected, believed, estimated, projected or planned. You 
are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date hereof. We 
undertake no obligation to republish revised forward-looking statements to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events or 
circumstances after the date hereof, except as otherwise required by law. 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS 

In addition to the other information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and our other filings with the SEC, the following 
risk factors should be carefully considered in evaluating us and our business before investing in our common stock. The risks 
and uncertainties described below are not the only ones facing us. Additional risks and uncertainties, not presently known to 
us or otherwise, may also impair our business. If any of the risks actually occur, our business, financial condition or results 
of operations could be materially and adversely affected. In that case, the trading price of our common stock could decline, 
and investors may lose all or part of their investment. 

Risks Related to our Business 

Volatile metals prices can cause significant fluctuations in our operating results. Our sales and operating income 
could decrease if metals prices decline or if we are unable to pass producer price increases on to our customers. 

Our principal raw materials are carbon and stainless steel and aluminum flat rolled coil, sheet, plate, pipe and tube that we 
typically purchase from multiple primary metals producers. The metals industry as a whole is cyclical and, at times, pricing 
and  availability  of  metals  can  be  volatile  due  to  numerous  factors  beyond  our  control,  including  general  domestic  and 
international economic conditions, labor costs, sales levels, competition, levels of inventory held by other metals service 
centers, consolidation of metals producers, higher raw material costs for the producers of metals, imports, import duties and 
tariffs and currency exchange rates. This volatility can significantly affect the availability and cost of raw materials for us.  

We, like many other metals service centers, maintain substantial inventories of metals to accommodate the short lead times 
and  just-in-time  delivery  requirements  of  our  customers.  Accordingly,  we  purchase  metals  in  an  effort  to  maintain  our 
inventory at levels that we believe to be appropriate to satisfy the anticipated needs of our customers based upon historic 
buying  practices,  supply  agreements  with  customers  and  market  conditions.  Our  commitments  to  purchase  metals  are 
generally at prevailing market prices in effect at the time we place our orders. During 2014, we entered into metals hedges, 
which carry counterparty performance risk, in order to mitigate our risk of volatility in the price of metals. We have no long-
term,  fixed-price  metals  purchase  contracts,  except  for  metals  hedges.  Declining  metals  prices  have  generally  adversely 
affected our net sales and net income, while increasing metals prices, have generally favorably affected our net sales and net 
income. When metals prices increase, competitive conditions will influence how much of the price increase we can pass on 
to our customers. To the extent we are unable to pass on future price increases in our raw materials to our customers, the net 
sales and profitability of our business could be adversely affected. When metals prices decline, customer demands for lower 
prices  and our  competitors’  responses  to  those  demands  could result  in  lower  sale  prices  and,  consequently,  lower gross 
profits  and  potentially  inventory  lower  of  cost  or  market  adjustments  as  we  use  existing  inventory.  Significant  or  rapid 
declines in metals prices or reductions in sales volumes could adversely impact our ability to remain in compliance with 
certain financial covenants in our revolving credit facility, as well as result in us incurring inventory or goodwill impairment 
charges. Changing metals prices therefore could significantly impact our net sales, gross profit, operating income and net 
income, and could impair or adversely impact the carrying value of any of our assets. 

China is the world’s largest producer and consumer of metals and metals products. Its expansion of metals production has 
significantly  affected  the global  metals  industry.  The  recent  economic  downturn  in  China,  the  slowing of  its  growth  and 
decreased metals consumption has led to an increased supply of metals in the United States, which result in lower prices for 
our products. Actions by domestic and foreign producers, including metals companies in China, to further increase production 
could result in an increased supply of metals in the United States, which could result in lower prices for our products. A 
decline in metals prices could adversely affect our sales, gross profits and profitability. 

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We service industries that are highly cyclical, and any downturn in our customers’ demand could reduce our sales, 
gross profits and profitability. 

We sell our products in a variety of industries, including capital equipment manufacturers for industrial, agricultural and 
construction use, the automotive industry, the utilities industry, and manufacturers of fabricated metals products. Our largest 
category  of  customers  is  producers of  industrial  machinery  and  equipment.  Numerous factors,  such  as  general  economic 
conditions, government stimulus or regulation, availability of adequate credit and financing, consumer confidence, significant 
business interruptions, labor shortages or work stoppages, energy prices, seasonality, customer inventory levels and other 
factors beyond our control, may cause significant demand fluctuations from one or more of these industries. Any decrease in 
demand within one or more of these industries may be significant and may last for a lengthy period of time. In periods of 
economic slowdown or recession in the United States, excess customer or service center inventory or a decrease in the prices 
that we can realize from sales of our products to customers in any of these industries could result in lower sales, gross profits 
and profitability. 

Approximately 7.9% of our 2014 consolidated net sales were to automotive manufacturers or manufacturers of automotive 
components and parts, whom we refer to as automotive customers. Historically, due to the concentration of customers in the 
automotive industry, our gross profits on these sales have generally been less than our gross profits on sales to customers in 
other industries.  

Our success is dependent upon our relationships with certain key customers. 

We have derived and expect to continue to derive a significant portion of our revenues from a relatively limited number of 
customers. Collectively, our top three customers accounted for approximately 11.1% of our consolidated net sales in 2014 
and 2013. Many of our larger customers commit to purchase on a regular basis at agreed upon prices over periods from three 
to twelve months. We generally do not have long-term contracts with our customers. As a result, the relationship, as well as 
particular orders, can generally be terminated with relatively little advance notice. The loss of any one of our major customers 
or decrease in demand by those customers or credit constraints placed on them could have a material adverse effect on our 
business, our results of operations and our cash flows. 

We may not achieve the expected results of our profit improvement plan or Operational Excellence initiative.  

In 2015 we initiated a profit improvement program to reduce operating expenses and enhance margins. This plan includes 
improving  underperforming  divisions,  lowering  distribution  costs,  lowering  labor  and  personnel  expenses,  as  well  as 
transportation and purchasing initiatives.  

In addition, we are in the process of an Operational Excellence initiative, which is expected to improve our operating systems, 
cultural systems and management systems, while lowering our costs. The initiative is focused on continuously improving 
processes through waste and variation elimination using Lean Six Sigma tools. The risks associated with these initiatives 
include, but are not limited to: 

● 
● 
● 

a significant use of management and employee time; 
the possibility that the initiatives do not meet expectations; and 
the possibility that the initiatives do not provide the expected economic results. 

Difficulties associated with our profit improvement plan and  Operational Excellence initiative could adversely affect our 
business, our customer service, our results of operations and our cash flows. 

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Impairment in the carrying value of goodwill or other intangibles could result in the incurrence of impairment charges 
and negatively impact our results of operations. 

As of December 31, 2014, we had goodwill of $17.0 million and other intangible assets of $33.6 million. The net carrying 
value of goodwill represents the fair value of acquired businesses in excess of identifiable assets and liabilities as of the 
acquisition date (or subsequent impairment date, if applicable). The net carrying value of other intangibles represents trade 
names and customer relationships, net of accumulated amortization. Goodwill and the trade name are expected to contribute 
indefinitely to our cash flows and are not amortized, but must be evaluated by management at least annually for impairment. 
Amortized  intangible  assets  are  evaluated  for  impairment  whenever  events  or  changes  in  circumstance  indicate  that  the 
carrying amounts of these assets may not be recoverable. Impairments to goodwill and other intangible assets may be caused 
by factors outside our control, such as increased competitive pricing pressures, lower than expected revenue and profit growth 
rates, changes in industry EBITDA multiples, changes in discount rates based on changes in cost of capital (interest rates, 
etc.), or the bankruptcy of a significant customer and could result in the incurrence of impairment charges and negatively 
impact our results of operations.  

During the fourth quarter of 2014, we concluded that the implied fair value of goodwill for the tubular and pipe products 
segment was less than its carrying value and a goodwill impairment of $23.8 million was identified and recognized. The 
determination  of  fair  value  of  the  reporting  units  used  to  perform  the  impairment  test  requires  judgment  and  involves 
significant estimates and assumptions about the expected future cash flows and the impact of market conditions on those 
assumptions. Due to the inherent uncertainty associated with these estimates, actual results could differ materially from these 
estimates. Although we believe the assumptions used in testing our reporting units’ goodwill for impairment are reasonable, 
it is possible that market and economic conditions could deteriorate further or not improve as expected.  

Following the goodwill impairment charge, the carrying value of goodwill in our tubular and pipe products segments is $16.5 
million. 

We depend on third parties for transportation services, and increases in costs or the availability of transportation 
could adversely affect our business and operations. 

We ship products throughout the United States via our in-house truck fleet or by third-party trucking firms. Products sold to 
foreign customers, are shipped either directly from metals producers to the customer or to an intermediate processor, and 
then to the customer by rail, truck or ocean carrier. Our business depends on the transportation of a large number of products. 
We depend to a certain extent on third parties for transportation of our products as well as delivery of our raw materials.  

If any of these providers were to fail to deliver raw materials to us in a timely manner, we may be unable to process and 
deliver our products in response to customer demand. In addition, if any of these third parties were to cease operations or 
cease doing business with us, we may be unable to replace them at a reasonable cost. In addition, such failure of a third-party 
transportation provider could harm our reputation, negatively affect our customer relationships and have a material adverse 
effect on our financial position and results of operations.  

Expansions at our existing locations may be unable to achieve expected results, and events or circumstances that could 
adversely impact the successful operation of new processing equipment and operations could have a material adverse 
effect on our results of operations.  

We have invested in new processing equipment to support customer demand. Although we have successfully installed new 
processing equipment in the past, we can provide no assurance that the recent or future installations will be successful, or 
achieve expected results. Risks associated with the installations include, but are not limited to: 

● 
● 
● 

a significant use of management and employee time; 
the possibility that the performance of new equipment does not meet expectations; and 
the possibility that disruptions from the installations may make it difficult for us to maintain relationships with 
our respective customers, employees or suppliers. 

Difficulties  associated  with  the  installations  of  new  processing  equipment,  including  our  2015  equipment  investments  in 
Winder, Georgia, could adversely affect our business, our customer service, our results of operations and our cash flows. 

12 

  
  
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
 
 
Our implementation of new information systems could adversely affect our results of operations and cash flows. 

We are in the process of implementing new information systems and eliminating our legacy operating systems into the new 
systems.  The  objective  is  to  standardize  and  streamline  business  processes  and  improve  support  for  our  growing  service 
center and fabrication business. Risks associated with the phased implementation include, but are not limited to: 

● 
● 
● 

● 
● 
● 

● 

a significant deployment of capital and a significant use of management and employee time; 
the possibility that the software vendors may not be able to support the project as planned; 
the possibility that the timelines, costs or complexities related to the new system implementations will be greater 
than expected; 
the possibility that the software, once fully implemented, does not work as planned; 
the possibility that benefits from the new systems may be less or take longer to realize than expected; 
the possibility that disruptions from the implementation may make it difficult for us to maintain relationships
with our respective customers, employees or suppliers; and 
limitations  on  the  availability  and  adequacy  of  proprietary  software  or  consulting,  training  and  project 
management services, as well as our ability to retain key personnel. 

Although we have successfully initiated use of the new systems at most of our locations, we can provide no assurance that 
the  rollout  to  the  remaining  locations  will  be  successful  or  will  occur  as  planned  and  without  disruption  to  operations. 
Difficulties associated with the design and implementation of new information systems could adversely affect our business, 
our customer service, our results of operations and our cash flows. 

The failure of our key computer-based systems could have a material adverse effect on our business. 

Until  our  new  systems  implementations  are  completed,  we  maintain  separate  regional  computer-based  systems  in  the 
operation of our business and we depend on these systems to a significant degree, particularly for inventory management. 
These  systems  are  vulnerable  to,  among  other  things,  damage  or  interruption  from  fire,  flood,  tornado  and  other  natural 
disasters, power loss, computer system and network failures, operator negligence, physical and electronic loss of data or 
security breaches and computer viruses. Although we have secure back-up systems off-site, the destruction or failure of any 
one of our computer-based systems for any significant period of time could materially adversely affect our business, financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

Risks associated with our growth strategy may adversely impact our ability to sustain our growth. 

Historically, we have grown internally by increasing sales and services to our existing customers, aggressively pursuing new 
customers and services, building or purchasing new facilities and acquiring and upgrading processing equipment in order to 
expand the range of customer services and products that we offer. In addition, we have grown through the acquisition of other 
service centers and related businesses. We intend to actively pursue our growth strategy in the future. 

We  have  completed  a  number  of  expansion  projects  in  the  past  three  years.  These,  or  future  expansion  or  construction 
projects, could have adverse effects on our results of operations due to the impact of the associated start-up costs and the 
potential for underutilization in the start-up phase of a facility. While we are pursuing potential acquisition targets, we are 
unable to predict whether or when any prospective acquisition candidate will become available or the likelihood that any 
acquisition will be completed. Moreover, in pursuing acquisition opportunities, we may compete for acquisition targets with 
other companies with similar growth strategies that may be larger and have greater financial and other resources than we 
have. Competition among potential acquirers could result in increased prices for acquisition targets. As a result, we may not 
be able to consummate acquisitions on satisfactory terms to us, or at all.  

The pursuit of acquisitions and other growth initiatives may divert management’s time and attention away from day-to-day 
operations.  In  order  to  achieve  growth  through  acquisitions,  expansion  of  current  facilities,  greenfield  construction  or 
otherwise, additional funding sources may be needed and we may not be able to obtain the additional capital necessary to 
pursue our growth strategy on terms that are satisfactory to us, or at all. 

13 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
   
  
 
 
We depend on our senior management team and the loss of any member could prevent us from implementing our 
business strategy. 

Our success is dependent upon the management and leadership skills of our senior management team. We have employment 
agreements, which include non-competition provisions, with our Chief Executive Officer, our President and Chief Operating 
Officer, the President of CTI, and our Chief Financial Officer that expire on January 1, 2018, January 1, 2016, July 1, 2016 
and January 1, 2017, respectively. The loss of any member of our senior management team or the failure to attract and retain 
additional qualified personnel could prevent us from implementing our business strategy.  

Customer and third-party credit constraints and credit losses could have a material adverse effect on our results of 
operations. 

Some  of  our  customers  may  experience  difficulty  obtaining  and/or  maintaining  credit  availability.  In  particular,  certain 
customers that are highly leveraged represent an increased credit risk. Some customers have reduced their purchases because 
of these credit constraints. Moreover, our disciplined credit policies have, in some instances, resulted in lost sales. If we have 
misjudged our credit estimations and they result in future credit losses, lost sales or lost customers, there could be a material 
adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and our allowance for doubtful accounts.  

Although  we  expect  to  finance  our  future  and  in-process  growth  initiatives  through  borrowings  under  our  credit 
facility, we may have to find additional sources of funding, which could be difficult. Additionally, increased leverage 
and borrowing rates could adversely impact our business and results of operations. 

We expect to finance our future and in-process growth initiatives through borrowings under our credit facility, which matures 
on June 30, 2019. However, our credit facility may not be sufficient or available to finance our growth initiatives, and we 
may have to find additional sources of financing. It may be difficult for us in the future to obtain the necessary funds and 
liquidity to run and expand our business. 

Additionally, if we incur substantial additional debt, including under our credit facility, our leverage could increase as could 
the risks associated with such leverage. A high degree of leverage could have important consequences to us. For example, it 
could:  

● 
● 

● 

increase our vulnerability to adverse economic and industry conditions; 
require  us  to  dedicate  a  substantial  portion  of  cash  from  operations  to  the  payment  of  debt  service,  thereby
reducing  the  availability  of  cash  to  fund  working  capital,  capital  expenditures,  dividends  and  other  general 
corporate purposes; 
limit  our  ability  to  obtain  additional  financing  for  working  capital,  capital  expenditures,  general  corporate
purposes or acquisitions; 

●  place us at a disadvantage compared to our competitors that are less leveraged; and 
● 

increase our costs and limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business. 

The borrowings under our credit facility are primarily at variable interest rates. If interest rates in the future were to increase 
100 basis points (1.0%) from December 31, 2014 rates and, assuming no change in total debt from December 31, 2014 levels, 
the additional annual interest expense to us would be approximately $2.0 million. 

Labor disruptions at any of our facilities or those of major customers could adversely affect our business, results of 
operations and financial condition. 

At  December 31, 2014, we employed  approximately  1,810 people. Approximately  317 of  the hourly  plant personnel  are 
represented by nine separate collective bargaining units. Any prolonged work stoppages by our personnel represented by 
collective bargaining units could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations 
and cash flows. 

In addition, many of our larger customers, including those in the automotive industry, have unionized workforces and some 
have experienced significant labor disruptions in the past such as work stoppages, slow-downs and strikes. A labor disruption 
at one or more of our major customers could interrupt production or sales by that customer and cause that customer to halt or 

14 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
limit orders for our products. Any such reduction in the demand for our products could adversely affect our business, financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

An interruption in the sources of our metals supply could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. 

In recent years, the metals producing supply base has experienced significant consolidation with a few domestic producers 
accounting for a majority of the domestic metals market. Collectively, we purchased approximately 43% and 42% of our 
total metals requirements from our three largest suppliers in 2014 and 2013, respectively. The number of available suppliers 
could be reduced in the future by factors such as further industry consolidation or bankruptcies affecting metals suppliers. 
Additionally,  fewer  available  suppliers  increases  the  risk  of  supply  disruption  through  both  scheduled  and  unscheduled 
supplier outages. We have no long-term supply commitments with our metals suppliers. If, in the future, we are unable to 
obtain  sufficient  amounts  of  metals  on  a  timely  basis,  we  may  not  be  able  to  obtain  metals  from  alternate  sources  at 
competitive  prices.  In  addition,  interruptions  or  reductions  in  our  supply  of  metals  could  make  it  difficult  to  satisfy  our 
customers’  just-in-time  delivery  requirements,  which  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  business,  financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

Conversely, the addition of new mill sources and decreased domestic demand could lead to domestic over capacity, which 
could lead to a decrease in steel prices. 

We may not be able to retain or expand our customer base if the U.S. manufacturing industry continues to erode or 
if the U.S. dollar continues to strengthen.  

Our customer base primarily includes manufacturing and industrial firms in the United States, some of which are, or have 
considered, relocating production operations outside the United States or outsourcing particular functions outside the United 
States. Some customers have closed because they were unable to compete successfully with foreign competitors. Our facilities 
are primarily located in the United States and, therefore, to the extent that our customers relocate or move operations where 
we do not have a presence, we could lose their business. 

Some customers have been able to continue to manufacture items in the United States for export to foreign markets, due to 
the relative strength of certain foreign currencies against the U.S. dollar. If the U.S. dollar continues to strengthen, products 
made by U.S. manufacturers could become less attractive to foreign buyers. Fewer purchases by foreign buyers could reduce 
our metals sales to those U.S. manufacturers. 

Our business is highly competitive, and increased competition could reduce our market share and harm our financial 
performance. 

Our business is highly competitive. We compete with metals service centers and, to a certain degree, metals producers and 
intermediate metals processors, on a regular basis, primarily on quality, price, inventory availability and the ability to meet 
the delivery schedules and service requirements of our customers. We have different competitors for each of our products 
and within  each  region.  Certain  of  these  competitors  have  financial  and operating  resources  in  excess  of ours. Increased 
competition could lower our gross profits or reduce our market share and have a material adverse effect on our financial 
performance. 

Increases in energy prices would increase our operating costs, and we may be unable to pass all these increases on to 
our customers in the form of higher prices.  

If our energy costs increase disproportionately to our revenues, our earnings could be reduced. We use energy to process and 
transport our products. Our operating costs increase if energy costs, including electricity, diesel fuel and natural gas, rise. 
During periods of higher energy costs, we may not be able to recover our operating cost increases through price increases 
without reducing demand for our products. In addition, we generally do not hedge our exposure to higher prices via energy 
futures contracts. Increases in energy and fuel prices will increase our operating costs and may reduce our profitability if we 
are unable to pass all of the increases on to our customers. 

15 

   
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
 
 
Our information technology systems could be negatively affected by cyber security threats.  

Increased global information technology security requirements, vulnerabilities, threats and a rise in sophisticated and targeted 
computer crime pose a risk to the security of our systems, networks and the confidentiality, availability and integrity of our 
data. Despite our efforts to protect sensitive information and confidential and personal data, our facilities and systems and 
those of our third-party service providers may be vulnerable to security breaches. This could lead to disclosure, modification 
or destruction of proprietary and other key information, production downtimes and operational disruptions, which in turn 
could adversely affect our results of operations. We may face greater risks in this area than our competitors as we implement 
the ERP system because among other things, we must simultaneously protect both the ERP and legacy systems until the ERP 
project is complete.  

Participation  in  multiemployer  pension  plans  carry  withdrawal  liability  risks  which  could  impact  our  results  of 
operations and financial condition.  

Through our CTI subsidiary we contribute to one multiemployer pension plan. The risks of participating in the multiemployer 
plan are different from a single-employer plan in that 1) assets contributed to the multiemployer plan by one employer may 
be used to provide benefits to employees of other participating employers, 2) if a participating employer stops contributing 
to the plan, the unfunded obligations of the plan may be borne by the remaining participating employers, and 3) if CTI chooses 
to stop participating in the multiemployer plan, CTI may be required to pay the plan an amount based on the unfunded status 
of the plan, referred to as a withdrawal liability. 

We  are  subject  to  significant  environmental,  health  and  safety  laws  and  regulations  and  related  compliance 
expenditures and liabilities.  

Our businesses are subject to many federal, state and local environmental, health and safety laws and regulations, particularly 
with respect to the use, handling, treatment, and disposal of substances and waste used or generated in our manufacturing 
processes. We have incurred and expect to continue to incur expenditures to comply with applicable environmental laws and 
regulations. Our failure to comply with applicable environmental laws and regulations and permit requirements could result 
in civil or criminal fines or penalties or enforcement actions, including regulatory or judicial orders enjoining or curtailing 
operations or requiring corrective measures, installation of pollution control equipment or remedial actions. 

We may in the future be required to incur costs relating to the investigation or remediation of property, and for addressing 
environmental conditions. Some environmental laws and regulations impose liability and responsibility on present and former 
owners, operators or users of facilities and sites for contamination at such facilities and sites without regard to causation or 
knowledge of contamination. Consequently, we cannot assure you that existing or future circumstances, the development of 
new facts or the failure of third parties to address contamination at current or former facilities or properties will not require 
significant expenditures by us. 

We expect to continue to be subject to environmental and health and safety laws and regulations. It is difficult to predict the 
future interpretation and development of environmental and health and safety laws and regulations or their impact on our 
future earnings and operations. We anticipate that compliance will continue to require increased capital expenditures and 
operating costs. Any increase in these costs, or unanticipated liabilities arising for example out of discovery of previously 
unknown conditions or more aggressive enforcement actions, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial 
condition, results of operations and cash flows. 

16 

  
   
  
  
  
     
  
  
  
    
  
 
 
The market price for our common stock may be volatile.  

Risks Related to Our Common Stock 

Historically, there has been volatility in the market price for our common stock. Furthermore, the market price of our common 
stock could fluctuate substantially in the future in response to a number of factors, including, but not limited to, the risk 
factors described herein. Examples include: 

changes in commodity prices, especially metals; 
announcement of our quarterly operating results or the operating results of other metals service centers; 
changes in financial estimates or recommendations by stock market analysts regarding us or our competitors; 
the operating and stock performance of other companies that investors may deem comparable; 

● 
● 
● 
● 
●  developments affecting us, our customers or our suppliers; 
●  press releases, earnings releases or publicity relating to us or our competitors or relating to trends in the metals 

service center industry; 
inability to meet securities analysts’ and investors’ quarterly or annual estimates or targets of our performance;
sales of our common stock by large shareholders; 
the amount of shares acquired for short-term investments; 

● 
● 
● 
●  general domestic or international economic, market and political conditions; 
changes in the legal or regulatory environment affecting our business; and 
● 
announcements  by  us  or  our  competitors  of  significant  acquisitions,  dispositions  or  joint  ventures,  or  other 
● 
material events impacting the domestic or global metals industry. 

In the past, the stock market has experienced significant price and volume fluctuations. This volatility has had a significant 
effect  on  the  market  prices  of  securities  issued  by  many  companies  for  reasons  unrelated  to  their  specific  operating 
performance.  These  factors  may  adversely  affect  the  trading  price  of  our  common  stock,  regardless  of  actual  operating 
performance.  

In addition, stock markets from time  to time experience extreme price and volume fluctuations that  may be unrelated or 
disproportionate to the operating performance of companies. In the past, some shareholders have brought securities class 
action lawsuits against companies following periods of volatility in the market price of their securities. We may in the future 
be the target of similar litigation. Securities litigation, regardless of whether our defense is ultimately successful, could result 
in substantial costs and divert management’s attention and resources. 

Our quarterly results may be volatile. 

Our operating results have varied on a quarterly basis during our operating history and are likely to fluctuate significantly in 
the future. Our operating results may be below the expectations of our investors or stock market analysts as a result of a 
variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. Factors that may affect our quarterly operating results include, 
but are not limited to, the risk factors listed above.  

Many factors could cause our revenues and operating results to vary significantly in the future. Accordingly, we believe that 
quarter-to-quarter comparisons of our operating results are not necessarily meaningful. Investors should not rely on the results 
of one quarter as an indication of our future performance. Further, it is our practice not to provide forward-looking sales or 
earnings guidance and not to endorse any analyst’s sales or earnings estimates. Nonetheless, if our results of operations in 
any quarter do not meet analysts’ expectations, our stock price could materially decrease. 

Certain  provisions  in  our  charter  documents  and  Ohio  law  could  delay  or  prevent  a  change  in  management  or  a 
takeover attempt that you may consider to be in your best interest.  

We are subject to Chapter 1704 of the Ohio Revised Code, which prohibits certain business combinations and transactions 
between an “issuing public corporation” and an “Ohio law interested shareholder” for at least three years after the Ohio law 
interested shareholder attains 10% ownership, unless the Board of Directors of the issuing public corporation approves the 
transaction before the Ohio law interest shareholder attains 10% ownership. We are also subject to Section 1701.831 of the 
Ohio Revised Code, which provides that certain notice and informational filings and special shareholder meeting and voting 
procedures must be followed prior to consummation of a proposed “control share acquisition.” Assuming compliance with 
the notice and information filings prescribed by the statute, a proposed control share acquisition may be made only if the 
17 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
   
  
  
  
   
  
  
acquisition is approved by a majority of the voting power of the issuer represented at the meeting and at least a majority of 
the voting power remaining after excluding the combined voting power of the “interested shares.” 

Certain provisions contained in our Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Code of 
Regulations and Ohio law could delay or prevent the removal of directors and other management and could make a merger, 
tender offer or proxy contest involving us that you may consider to be in your best interest more difficult. For example, these 
provisions:  

● 

● 
● 

allow our Board of Directors to issue preferred stock without shareholder approval;provide for our Board of
Directors to be divided into two classes of directors serving staggered terms; 
limit who can call a special meeting of shareholders; and 
establish advance notice requirements for nomination for election to the Board of Directors or for proposing
matters to be acted upon at shareholder meetings. 

These  provisions  may  discourage  potential  takeover  attempts,  discourage  bids  for  our  common  stock  at  a  premium  over 
market price or adversely affect the market price of, and the voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock. 
These provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for you and other shareholders to elect 
directors other than the candidates nominated by our Board of Directors. 

Principal shareholders who own a significant numbers of shares of our common stock may have interests that conflict 
with yours. 

Michael  D.  Siegal,  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chairman  of  the  Board  and  one  of  our  largest  shareholders,  owned 
approximately  11.3%  of  our  outstanding  common  stock  as  of  December  31,  2014.  Mr.  Siegal  may  have  the  ability  to 
significantly influence matters requiring shareholder approval. In deciding how to vote on such matters, Mr. Siegal may be 
influenced by interests that conflict with yours. 

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 

None. 

18 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
   
  
  
  
  
 
 
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES 

We believe that our properties are strategically situated relative to our domestic suppliers, our customers and each other, 
allowing us to support customers from multiple locations. Product is shipped from the most advantageous facility, regardless 
of where the customer order is taken. The facilities are located in the hubs of major metals consumption markets, and within 
a  250-mile  radius  of  most  of  our  customers,  a  distance  approximating  the  one-day  driving  and  delivery  limit  for  truck 
shipments. During 2014, we ended the leases on our sales office in Jacksonville, Florida and our distribution center in Kansas 
City, Missouri.  

The following table sets forth certain information concerning our principal properties within our flat products and tubular 
and pipe products segments:  

Flat Products Segment Facilities

Square  
Feet

Function

Owned or 
Leased

       127,000 Corporate offices, coil processing and distribution center 

Owned 

       121,500 

Coil and plate processing, distribution center for flat, tubular 
and pipe products and offices 

Owned 

Operation 

Cleveland 

Location 
Bedford Heights, 
Ohio (1) 
Bedford Heights, 
Ohio (1) 
Bedford Heights, 
Ohio (1) 
Dover, Ohio 

Minneapolis  Plymouth, Minnesota         196,800 Coil and plate processing, distribution center and offices 

         59,500 Plate processing, distribution center and offices 
         62,000 Plate processing, fabrication and distribution center 

Leased (2)
Owned 
Owned 
Plymouth, Minnesota         112,200 Plate processing, fabrication, distribution center and offices  Owned 
Roseville, Minnesota           57,000 Distribution center for flat and tubular and pipe products 
Leased (3)
Chambersburg, 
Pennsylvania 
Chambersburg, 
Pennsylvania 

       157,000 Plate processing, distribution center and offices 

       150,000 Plate processing, fabrication, distribution center and offices  Owned 
Coil and plate processing, fabrication, distribution center 
and offices 

       244,000 

Owned 

Owned 

Chambersburg 

Iowa 

Winder 

Detroit 

Kentucky 

Bettendorf, Iowa 
Oklahoma City, 
Oklahoma 

Winder, Georgia 
Winder, Georgia 
Detroit, Michigan 
Mt. Sterling, 
Kentucky  
Mt. Sterling, 
Kentucky 
Gary, Indiana 

         33,000 Distribution center 

       285,000 

Coil and plate processing, fabrication, distribution center 
and offices 
31,800 Distribution center 

       256,000 Coil processing, distribution center and offices 

Leased (4)

Owned 
Leased (5)
Owned 

       100,000 Plate processing, fabrication and distribution center 

Owned 

Distribution center for flat and tubular and pipe products, 
offices 

       107,000 
       183,000 Coil processing, distribution center and offices 
Gary 
Connecticut  Milford, Connecticut         134,000 Coil processing, distribution center and offices 
Chicago 
North 
Carolina 
Streetsboro 

Schaumburg, Illinois           80,500 Coil and sheet processing, distribution center and offices 
Siler City, North 
Carolina 
Streetsboro, Ohio 
Latrobe, Pennsylvania          43,200 Coil and sheet processing, distribution center  
Moses Lake, 
Washington 

         74,000 Plate processing, fabrication, distribution center and offices  Owned 
Owned 
         66,200 Coil and sheet processing, distribution center and offices 
Leased (7)

Owned (6)
Owned 
Owned 
Owned 

 47,600  Distribution center 

Washington 

Leased (8)

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 Flat Products Segment Facilities

Location 

Square  
Feet 

Function

Monterrey, Mexico 

         15,000  Distribution center for flat, tubular and pipe products 

Operation 
Mexico 

Owned or 
Leased
Leased (9)

(1) 
(2) 
(3) 
(4) 
(5) 
(6) 
(7) 
(8) 

(9) 

The Bedford Heights facilities are all adjacent properties. 
This facility is leased from a related party. The lease expires on December 31, 2018, with renewal options.  
The lease on this facility expires on November 30, 2016, with renewal options. 
The lease on this facility expires on July 7, 2017. 
The lease on this facility expires on December 15, 2015, with a one-year renewal option. 
50% of the facility is leased to an unrelated party whose lease expires on December 31, 2015. 
The lease on this facility expires on May 1, 2016. 
The Moses Lake location is comprised of five different facilities. The facilities are leased on a month-to-month 
basis.  
The lease on this facility expires on June 1, 2015. 

Tubular and Pipe Products Segment Locations

Operation 

Chicago 
St. Paul 

Charlotte 

Location
Romeoville, Illinois 
St. Paul, Minnesota 
Locust, North 
Carolina 
Fond du Lac, 
Wisconsin 
Indianapolis, Indiana

Fond du Lac 
Indianapolis 
Quad Cities  Milan, Illinois 
Des Moines  Ankeny, Iowa 
Duluth 
Owatonna 
cutting 

Proctor, Minnesota 
Owatonna, 
Minnesota 

Square  
Feet 
363,000  Corporate offices, fabrication and distribution center 
132,000  Distribution center and offices 

Function

127,600  Fabrication and offices 

117,000  Distribution center and offices 
79,000  Distribution center and offices 
57,600  Distribution center and offices 
50,000  Distribution center and offices 
45,202  Distribution center and offices 

23,000  Production cutting center 

Owned or 
Leased
Owned 
Owned 

Owned 

Owned 
Owned 
Owned 
Owned 
Leased (1)

Owned 

(1) 

The lease on this facility expires on April 30, 2019. 

Our facilities in Cleveland, Ohio; Winder, Georgia; Mt. Sterling, Kentucky; Monterrey, Mexico and Fond du Lac, Wisconsin 
offer both flat products and tubular and pipe products. In addition to the facilities listed above, our executive office is located 
in Highland Hills, Ohio and we have sales offices located in Media, Pennsylvania; Miami, Florida; Houston, Texas; and 
Monterrey, Mexico. Management believes we will be able to accommodate our capacity needs for the immediate future at 
our existing facilities.   

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 

We are party to various legal actions that we believe are ordinary in nature and incidental to the operation of our business. In 
the opinion of management, the outcome of the proceedings to which we are currently a party will not have a material adverse 
effect upon our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. 

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES 

Not applicable. 

20 

  
 
   
  
  
 
  
   
  
  
  
   
  
  
    
 
 
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT 

This information is included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K pursuant to Instruction 3 of Item 401(b) of Regulation S-
K. The following is a list of our executive officers and a brief description of their business experience. Each executive officer 
will hold office until his successor is chosen and qualified. 

Michael D. Siegal, age 62, has served as our Chief Executive Officer since 1984, and as Chairman of our Board of Directors 
since 1994.  From 1984 until January 2001, he also served as our President.  He has been employed by us in a variety of 
capacities since 1974. Mr. Siegal serves on the Board of Directors of Cliffs Natural Resources, Inc. He is the Chair of the 
Board of Trustees of the Jewish Federations in North America.  He is also the former Board Chair of the Jewish Federation 
of Cleveland and is currently on the Board of the Development Corporation for Israel, and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame 
and Museum, in Cleveland, Ohio. 

David A. Wolfort, age 62, has served as our President since January 2001 and Chief Operating Officer since 1995. He has 
been a director since 1987. He previously served as Vice President Commercial from 1987 to 1995, after having joined us in 
1984 as General Manager. Prior thereto, he spent eight years with a primary steel producer in a variety of sales assignments. 
Mr. Wolfort is a past director of the Metals Service Center Institute and previously served as Chairman of its Political Action 
Committee and Governmental Affairs Committee. He is a trustee of the Board of the Musical Arts Association (Cleveland 
Orchestra)  and  of  Ohio  University  and  serves  as  the  Vice-Chairman  of  The  Board  of  Trustees  and  is  a  member  of  the 
Executive Committee. He also serves as a member of the United States International Trade Committee for Steel (ITAC). 

Richard T. Marabito, age 51, serves as our Chief Financial Officer. He joined us in 1994 as Corporate Controller and served 
in this capacity until being named Chief Financial Officer in March 2000. He also served as Treasurer from 1994 through 
2002 and again from 2010 through 2012. Prior to joining us, Mr. Marabito served as Corporate Controller for a publicly 
traded wholesale distribution company and was employed by a national accounting firm in its audit department. Mr. Marabito 
is  a  Governance  board  member  and  Treasurer of  the  Make-A-Wish  Foundation of Ohio,  Kentucky and  Indiana  and  also 
serves as the Chair of its Northeast Ohio regional board. He previously served as a board member for Hawk Corporation. Mr. 
Marabito serves on the Board of Trustees and as Treasurer for Hawken School in Cleveland, Ohio. He is also a director and 
Executive Committee member of the Metals Service Center Institute and is a past Chair of its Foundation for Education and 
Research. 

Richard A. Manson, age 46, has served as our Vice President and Treasurer since January 2013 and has been employed by 
us  since  1996.    From  March  2010  through  December  2012,  he  served  as  our  Vice  President  of  Human  Resources  and 
Administration.  From January 2003 through March 2010, he served as our Treasurer and Corporate Controller.  From 1996 
through 2002, he served as our Director of Taxes and Risk Management.  Prior to joining us, Mr. Manson was employed for 
seven years by a national accounting firm in its tax department.  Mr. Manson is a Board Member and the Treasurer of the 
West  Side  Catholic  Center.  He  also  serves  on  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Boys  and  Girls  Clubs  of  Cleveland  and  the 
Cleveland Catholic Cemeteries Association.  Mr. Manson is a certified public accountant and member of the Ohio Society of 
Certified Public Accountants and the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. 

Donald McNeeley, age 60, has served as the President and Chief Executive Officer of CTI, a wholly owned subsidiary of 
Olympic Steel, Inc., since the acquisition on July 1, 2011.   He joined CTI in 1972 and has held several operational and 
executive positions within the company. After serving as CTI’s Vice President of Operations and subsequently Executive 
Vice President, in 1990, Dr. McNeeley was appointed President and Chief Operating Officer. He is a former Chairman of the 
Metals Service Center Institute.  Dr. McNeeley is an adjunct professor at Northwestern University where he teaches in the 
graduate engineering program.  He serves on the board of directors of Saulsbury Industries in Odessa, Texas, where he chairs 
the Audit Committee. Dr. McNeeley also serves on the board of directors of Vail Rubber Industries in St. Joseph, Michigan, 
and is a former director of The Committee for Monetary Research in Greenwich, Connecticut.   

21 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
 
 
PART II 

ITEM 5.  MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND 

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES 

Price Range of Common Stock 

Our common stock trades on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the symbol “ZEUS.” The following table sets forth, for 
each quarter in the two-year period ended December 31, 2014, the high and low sales prices of our common stock as reported 
by the Nasdaq Global Select Market: 

2014

2013 

High

Low

High

Low 

  $ 

First quarter 
Second quarter 
Third quarter 
Fourth quarter 

30.95    $
29.58     
25.83     
21.39     

25.84    $
20.88     
20.57     
15.75     

25.39    $ 
26.83      
29.48      
31.68      

18.52 
19.54 
24.46 
24.56 

Holders of Record 

As  of  February  1,  2015,  we  estimate  there  were  approximately  50  holders  of  record  and  4,606  beneficial  holders  of  our 
common stock. 

Dividends 

During 2014, our Board of Directors approved regular quarterly dividends of $0.02 per share that were paid on March 17, 
2014, June 16, 2014, September 16, 2014 and December 15, 2014. 

During 2013, our Board of Directors approved regular quarterly dividends of $0.02 per share that were paid on March 15, 
2013, June 17, 2013, September 16, 2013 and December 16, 2013. 

We expect to make regular quarterly dividend distributions in the future, subject to the continuing determination by our Board 
of Directors that the dividend remains in the best interest of our shareholders. The agreement governing our credit facility 
restricts the amount of dividends that we can pay to $2.5 million annually. Any determinations by the Board of Directors to 
pay cash dividends in the future will take into account various factors, including our financial condition, results of operations, 
current  and  anticipated  cash  needs,  plans  for  expansion  and  restrictions  under  our  credit  agreement  and  any  agreements 
governing our future debt. We cannot assure you that dividends will be paid in the future or that, if paid, the dividends will 
be at the same amount or frequency.  

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 

We did not repurchase any of our equity securities during the quarter ended December 31, 2014. 

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities 

We did not have any unregistered sales of equity securities during the quarter ended December 31, 2014. 

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA 

The following table sets forth selected financial and other data of the Company for each of the five years in the period ended 
December  31,  2014.  The  data  presented  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  "Management's  Discussion  and  Analysis  of 
Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations"  and  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  notes  thereto  included 
elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

2014

For the Years Ended December 31, 
2013
2011 
2012
(in thousands, except per share data) 

2010

  $ 1,436,270    $ 1,263,331    $ 1,383,701    $ 1,261,872    $
999,207      1,113,852       1,008,462     
    1,160,310     
253,410     
269,849      
264,124     
275,960     
208,942     
244,817      
244,469     
261,332     
-     
6,583      
23,836     
-     
44,468     
18,449      
19,655     
(9,208)    
5,953     
8,357      
6,703     
6,780     
37,485     
10,139      
12,924     
(16,114)    
24,970    $
2,277    $
7,647    $
(19,064)   $

  $

805,043 
650,398 
154,645 
148,543 
- 
6,102 
2,305 
3,797 
2,132 

  $

  $

(1.71)   $
(1.71)    
0.08    $

0.69    $
0.69     
0.08    $

0.21    $
0.21      
0.08    $

2.28    $
2.28     
0.08    $

0.20 
0.20 
0.08 

Income Statement Data: 

Net sales  
Cost of materials sold 
Gross profit (a) 
Operating expenses (b) 
Goodwill impairment 
Operating income (loss) 
Interest and other expense on debt 
Income (loss) before income taxes 
Net income (loss) 

Per Share Data: 

Net income (loss) - basic (c) 
Net income (loss) - diluted 
Dividends declared  

Shares Outstanding: 

Weighted average shares - basic 
Weighted average shares - diluted 

11,120     
11,120     

11,065     
11,074     

10,989      
10,995      

10,937     
10,951     

10,905 
10,918 

Balance Sheet Data (as of December 31): 

Current assets  
Current liabilities 
Working capital 
Total assets  
Total debt  
Shareholders' equity 

  $

  $

458,709    $
131,977     
326,732     
700,748     
247,620     
280,781    $

417,631    $
165,633     
251,998     
697,349     
199,269     
298,616    $

422,377    $
142,442      
279,935      
705,994      
241,711      
289,857    $

420,859    $
139,575     
281,284     
707,499     
244,123     
286,576    $

298,809 
102,625 
196,184 
429,438 
55,235 
261,638 

The data in the table above includes CTI information since the acquisition on July 1, 2011. 

(a)  Gross profit is calculated as net sales less the cost of materials sold (includes LIFO expense of $365 in 2014 and LIFO

income of $3,572 in 2013). 

(b)  Operating  expenses  are  calculated  as  total costs  and  expenses  less  the  cost  of  materials  sold.  It does  not  include  the

goodwill impairment shown separately below. 

(c)  Calculated by dividing net income (loss) by weighted average shares outstanding.  

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ITEM 7.  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF 

OPERATIONS 

The following Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contains forward-
looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results may differ materially from the results discussed in 
the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause a difference include, but are not limited to, those discussed under 
Item 1A, Risk Factors in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The following section is qualified in its entirety by the more 
detailed  information,  including  our  financial  statements  and  the  notes  thereto,  which  appears  elsewhere  in  this  Annual 
Report. 

Overview 

We are a leading metals service center that operates in two reportable segments; flat products and tubular and pipe products. 
We provide metals processing and distribution services for a wide range of customers. Our primary flat products focus is on 
the direct sale and distribution of large volumes of processed carbon, coated, aluminum and stainless flat-rolled sheet, coil 
and plate products. In recent years, we have increased our participation in the stainless and aluminum markets, which we 
refer to as specialty metals. As a result, based on how our chief operating decision maker, or CODM, is expected to make 
decisions, assess performance and allocate resources in the future, we expect to disclose three reportable segments in 2015. 
The segments will be flat products, tubular and pipe products and specialty metals. Through CTI, we distribute metal tubing, 
pipe, bar, valves and fittings and fabricate pressure parts supplied to various industrial markets. Products that require more 
value-added processing generally have a higher gross profit. In addition, tubular and pipe products segment gross profits are 
generally higher than our traditional flat products segment gross profits. Accordingly, our overall gross profit is affected by, 
among  other  things,  product  mix,  the  amount  of  processing  performed,  the  demand  for  and  availability  of  metals,  and 
volatility in selling prices and material purchase costs. We also perform toll processing of customer-owned metals. We sell 
certain products internationally, primarily in North, Central and South America. International sales are immaterial to our 
consolidated financial results and to the individual segments’ results. 

Our results of operations are affected by numerous external factors including, but not limited to: general and global business, 
economic,  financial,  banking and  political  conditions;  competition;  metals  pricing, demand, global  production  levels  and 
availability;  energy  prices;  pricing  and  availability  of  raw  materials  used  in  the  production  of  metals;  global  supply  and 
inventory held in the supply chain; customers’ ability to manage their credit line availability; and layoffs or work stoppages 
by  our  own,  our  suppliers’  or  our  customers’  personnel.  The  metals  industry  also  continues  to  be  affected  by  the  global 
consolidation of our suppliers, competitors and end-use customers. 

Like other service centers, we maintain substantial inventories of metals to accommodate the short lead times and just-in-
time delivery requirements of our customers. Accordingly, we purchase metals in an effort to maintain our inventory at levels 
that we believe to be appropriate to satisfy the anticipated needs of our customers based upon customer forecasts, historic 
buying  practices,  supply  agreements  with  customers  and  market  conditions.  Our  commitments  to  purchase  metals  are 
generally at prevailing market prices in effect at the time we place our orders. When metals prices increase, competitive 
conditions will influence how much of the price increase we can pass on to our customers. To the extent we are unable to 
pass on future price increases in our raw materials to our customers, the net sales and gross profits of our business could be 
adversely affected. When metals prices decline, customer demands for lower prices and our competitors’ responses to those 
demands could result in lower sale prices and, consequently, lower gross profits as we sell existing metals inventory. 

Reportable Segments 

We  currently  operate  in  two  reportable  segments;  flat  products  and  tubular  and  pipe  products.  In  recent  years,  we  have 
increased our participation in the stainless and aluminum markets, which we refer to as specialty metals. As a result, based 
on how our CODM is expected to make decisions, assess performance and allocate resources in the future, we expect to 
disclose three reportable segments beginning in the first quarter of 2015. The segments will be flat products, tubular and pipe 
products, and specialty metals. We follow the accounting guidance that requires the utilization of a “management approach” 
to define and report the financial results of operating segments. The management approach defines operating segments along 
the  lines  used  by  our  CODM  to  assess  performance  and  make  operating  and  resource  allocation  decisions.  Our  CODM 
evaluates performance and allocates resources based primarily on operating income (loss). Our operating segments are based 
on internal management reporting. 

24 

 
  
   
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
Commencing with the first quarter of 2013, corporate expenses are reported as a separate line item in the segment reporting. 
Corporate expenses include the unallocated expenses related to managing the entire Company (i.e., both segments), including 
payroll expenses for certain personnel, expenses related to being a publicly traded entity such as board of directors expenses, 
audit expenses, and various other professional fees. Prior to 2013, these expenses were included in the flat products segment’s 
operating results. The 2012 financial information has been revised to reflect the new reporting structure. 

Flat products 

The primary focus of our flat products segment is on the direct sale and distribution of large volumes of processed carbon, 
coated, aluminum and stainless flat-rolled sheet, coil and plate products. We act as an intermediary between metals producers 
and  manufacturers  that  require  processed  metals  for  their  operations.  We  serve  customers  in  most  metals  consuming 
industries, including manufacturers and fabricators of transportation and material handling equipment, construction and farm 
machinery,  storage  tanks,  environmental  and  energy  generation  equipment,  automobiles,  food  service  and  electrical 
equipment, military vehicles and equipment, as well as general and plate fabricators and metals service centers. We distribute 
these products primarily through a direct sales force. 

The flat products segment has 25 strategically-located processing and distribution facilities in the United States and one in 
Monterrey, Mexico. This geographic footprint allows us to focus on regional customers and larger national and multi-national 
accounts,  primarily  located  throughout  the  midwestern,  eastern  and  southern  United  States.  The  flat  products  segment 
distributes these products primarily through a direct sales force. 

Tubular and pipe products 

The tubular and pipe products segment consists of the CTI business, acquired in 2011. Founded in 1914, CTI operates from 
nine  locations  in  the  midwestern  and  southeastern  United  States  and  distributes  tube  and  pipe  products  from  some  flat 
products locations as well. The tubular and pipe products segment distributes its products primarily through a direct sales 
force. Through our tubular and pipe products segment, we distribute metals tubing, pipe, bar, valve and fittings and fabricate 
pressure parts supplied to various industrial markets.  

Results of Operations 

2014 Compared to 2013 

The following table sets forth certain consolidated income statement data for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 
(dollars shown in thousands): 

Net sales 
Cost of materials sold (a) 
Gross profit (b) 
Operating expenses (c)  
Operating income (loss) 
Other income (loss), net 
Interest and other expense on debt 
Income (loss) before income taxes 
Income taxes 
Net income (loss) 

2014

$ 
  $ 1,436,270      
    1,160,310     
275,960      
285,168      
(9,208)    
(126)    
6,780      
(16,114)    
2,950      
(19,064)    

  $

% of net 
sales

2013 

$  

% of net 
sales

100.0     $ 1,263,331       
999,207       
80.8      
264,124       
19.2      
244,469       
19.8      
19,655       
(0.6)    
(28)     
(0.0)    
6,703       
0.5      
12,924       
(1.1)    
5,277       
0.2      
7,647       
(1.3)   $

100.0  
79.1  
20.9  
19.3  
1.6  
(0.0)
0.6  
1.0  
0.4  
0.6  

(a)  Includes $365 of LIFO expense for 2014 and $3,572 of LIFO income for 2013 (inclusive of a $1,932 out-of-period LIFO 

adjustment recorded in 2013). 

(b) Gross profit is calculated as net sales less the cost of materials sold. 
(c)  Operating expenses are calculated as total costs and expenses less the cost of materials sold. 2014 include a non-cash 

goodwill impairment charge of $23,836 for the tubular and pipe products segment. 

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Net  sales  increased  $173  million,  or  13.7%,  to  $1.44  billion  in  2014  from  $1.26  billion  in  2013.  Flat  products  net  sales 
increased $165 million, or 16.1%, and were 83.0% of total net sales in 2014 compared to 81.3% in 2013. Tubular and pipe 
products net sales increased $8 million, or 3.4%, and were 17.0% of total net sales in 2014 compared to 18.7% of total net 
sales in 2013. The increase in sales for the year ended December 31, 2014 was due to a 13.3% increase in sales volume and 
a 0.3% increase in average selling prices in 2014 compared to 2013.  

Cost of materials sold increased $161 million, or 16.1%, to $1.16 billion in 2014 from $999 million in 2013. During 2014 we 
recorded LIFO expense of $365 thousand compared to $3.6 million of LIFO income recorded in 2013. In the first quarter of 
2013, we made an out-of-period adjustment to record previously unrecognized LIFO adjustments, which resulted in a 2013 
decrease to cost of materials sold of $1.9 million.  The increase in cost of materials sold in 2014 is primarily due to the 
increased sales volume of 13.3%, increased metals costs of 2.1% during 2014 and the impact of LIFO expense during 2014 
compared to LIFO income in 2013.  

As a percentage of net sales, gross profit (as defined in footnote (b) in the table above) decreased to 19.2% in 2014 from 
20.9% in 2013. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales decreased in both segments. LIFO had no consolidated gross profit 
impact in 2014 and increased gross profit by 0.3% of net sales in 2013. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net 
sales during 2014 was primarily due to the cost of materials sold increasing more than selling prices in the flat rolled segment, 
as well as the impact of LIFO expense in 2014 compared to LIFO income in 2013.  

Operating expenses in 2014 increased $40.7 million, or 16.6%, from 2013. As a percentage of net sales, operating expenses 
increased to 19.8% in 2014 from 19.3% in 2013. The increase in operating expenses resulted primarily from a $23.8 million 
non-cash goodwill impairment charge related to the tubular and pipe products segment. The goodwill impairment charge 
accounted  for  58.6%  of  the  operating  expense  increase.  During  2014,  distribution  expense  increased  by  $6.2  million,  or 
17.8%,  due  to  the  increased  volume  during  2014  as  well  as  the  inflationary  dynamics  in  the  transportation  industry. 
Warehouse  and  processing  costs  increased  $7.8  million,  or  9.3%,  primarily  due  to  increased  payroll  and  warehouse 
consumables expenses related to the 13.3% 2014 volume increase. Administrative costs increased by $3.7 million, or 5.4%, 
primarily  related  to  employee  travel,  education  and  training,  non-income  taxes  and  one-time  costs  related  to  the  CTI 
centennial celebration in 2014. Selling expenses decreased $0.1 million, or 0.4%, in 2014 compared to 2013 on a 13.7% sales 
increase as a result of decreased variable compensation associated with fewer sales employees and decreased discretionary 
spending,  offset  by  $467  thousand  of  increased  bad  debt  expense.  Occupancy  expense  increased  $657  thousand  in  2014 
compared to 2013 as a result of higher utility and snow removal costs during the harsh winter in the first quarter of 2014. 
Depreciation expense decreased $1.5 million in 2014 as a result of certain assets becoming fully depreciated in 2014. In 2015 
we initiated a profit improvement program to reduce operating expenses and enhance margins. This plan includes improving 
underperforming divisions, lowering distribution costs, lowering labor and personnel expenses, as well as transportation and 
purchasing initiatives.  

Interest and other expense on debt totaled $6.8 million in 2014 compared to $6.7 million in 2013. Our effective borrowing 
rate, exclusive of deferred financing fees and commitment fees, was 2.4% in 2014 compared to 2.3% in 2013. The increase 
in interest and other expense on debt in 2014 was primarily attributable to the fixed interest rate hedge and higher average 
borrowings, offset by lower rate premiums under our credit facility.  

For 2014, loss before income taxes totaled $16.1 million compared to income before income taxes of $12.9 million in 2013. 
2014 included a goodwill impairment charge of $23.8 million related to the tube and pipe segment and LIFO expense of $365 
thousand.  2013  income  before  taxes  included  LIFO  income  of  $3.6  million,  inclusive  of  an  out-of-period  LIFO  income 
adjustment of $1.9 million recorded in the first quarter of 2013. 

An income tax provision of (18.3%) was recorded for 2014, compared to an income tax provision of 40.8% in 2013. The 
2014 effective income tax rate was unusual due to the non-deductibility of the goodwill impairment charge for the tubular 
and pipe products segment. The income tax provision for 2014 prior to the goodwill impairment charge was 38.2%. We 
expect our 2015 income tax rate to approximate 38%. 

Net loss for 2014 totaled $19.1 million or $1.71 per basic and diluted share, compared to net income of $7.6 million or $0.69 
per basic and diluted share for 2013. The goodwill impairment impacted earnings per share by $2.14 per basic and diluted 
shares and the LIFO expense decreased earnings per share by $0.02 per basic and diluted share. The impact of LIFO income 
in  2013  increased  earnings  per  share  by  $0.19  per  basic  and  diluted  shares.  The  out-of-period  LIFO  income  adjustment 
accounted for $0.10 per basic and diluted share of the increase. 

26 

    
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
 
 
Segment Results of Operations 

Flat products 

The following table sets forth certain income statement data for the flat products segment for the years ended December 31, 
2014 and 2013 (dollars shown in thousands, except per ton data): 

Direct tons sold 
Toll tons sold 
Total tons sold 

Net sales 
Average selling price per ton 
Cost of materials sold 
Gross profit (a) 
Operating expenses (b) 
Operating income 

  $

  $

2014

2013 

    % of net sales     

    % of net sales 

1,132,325      
106,771      
1,239,096      

1,191,731      
962      
986,559      
205,172      
192,757      
12,415      

1,007,511       
81,226       
1,088,737       

1,026,769       
943       
834,994       
191,775       
179,669       
12,106       

100.0     $

82.8      
17.2      
16.2      
1.0     $

100.0  

81.3  
18.7  
17.5  
1.2  

(a) Gross profit is calculated as net sales less the cost of materials sold. 
(b) Operating expenses are calculated as total costs and expenses less the cost of materials sold.  

Tons sold increased 13.8% to 1.24 million tons in 2014 from 1.09 million tons in 2013. The increase in tons sold was due to 
increased customer demand and increased market share. Toll tons sold increased 31.4% to 107 thousand tons in 2014 from 
81 thousand tons in 2013. The increase in toll tons sold was due to a shift by some customers from direct sales to toll sales 
in 2014. 

Net sales increased $165 million, or 16.1%, to $1.19 billion in 2014 from $1.03 billion in 2013. Average selling prices in 
2014 increased to $962 per ton, compared to $943 per ton in 2013. The increase in sales was due to a 13.8% increase in sales 
volume as well as a 2.0% increase in the average sell price during 2014. Market metals prices have declined in the fourth 
quarter of 2014 and into 2015. As such, we expect market metals prices in the first quarter of 2015 to be lower than both the 
first and fourth quarters of 2014.  

Cost  of  materials  sold  increased  $151.6  million,  or  18.2%,  to  $986.6  million  in  2014  from  $835.0  million  in  2013.  The 
increase in cost of materials sold was due to the volume increase of 13.8% as well as a 3.8% increase in the average cost of 
materials sold per ton during 2014 compared to 2013.  

As a percentage of net sales, gross profit (as defined in footnote (a) in the table above) decreased to 17.2% in 2014 from 
18.7% in 2013. The decrease in gross profit percentage in 2014 was primarily due to the cost of materials sold increasing 
more than selling prices. The average gross profit per ton sold totaled $166 in 2014 and $176 in 2013. The decrease in gross 
profit percentage in 2014 compared to 2013 was primarily due to the competitive market pressures associated with the growth 
in shipments and a higher mix of toll sales and lower gross margin percentage stainless and aluminum sales versus carbon 
sales.  

Operating expenses in 2014 increased $13.1 million, or 7.3%, from 2013. As a percentage of net sales, operating expenses 
decreased to 16.2% for 2014 from 17.5% in 2013. Freight and distribution expenses increased $5.3 million, or 20.2%, as a 
result of increased volume as well as the inflationary dynamics in the transportation industry. Warehouse and processing 
expenses increased $7.7 million, or 11.2%, as a result of higher sales volumes. Administrative and general expenses increased 
$1.7 million, or 4.1%, primarily as a result of increased compensation expenses. Depreciation decreased $1.8 million, or 
10.8%, as a result of fully depreciated assets. Occupancy expenses increased as a result of higher utility and snow removal 
costs during the first quarter of 2014. In 2015 we initiated a profit improvement program to reduce operating expenses and 
enhance margins. This plan includes improving underperforming divisions, lowering distribution costs, lowering labor and 
personnel expenses, as well as transportation and purchasing initiatives.  

Operating income for 2014 increased to $12.4 million, or 1.0% of net sales, from $12.1 million, or 1.2% of net sales in 2013.  

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Tubular and pipe products 

The following table sets forth certain income statement data for the tubular and pipe products segment for 2014 and 2013 
(dollars shown in thousands). 

Net sales 
Cost of materials sold (a) 
Gross profit (b) 
Operating expenses (c)  
Operating income (loss) 

  $ 

  $ 

2014

    % of net sales      
100.0     $
71.1      
28.9      
34.5      
(5.6)   $

244,539      
173,751      
70,788      
84,439      
(13,651)    

2013 

     % of net sales  
100.0  
69.4  
30.6  
24.3  
6.3  

236,562       
164,213       
72,349       
57,368       
14,981       

(a)  Includes  $365k  of  LIFO  expense  in  2014  and  $3,572  of  LIFO  income  in  2013  (inclusive  of  a  $1,932  out-of-period 

LIFO adjustment) 

(b) Gross profit is calculated as net sales less the cost of materials sold. 
(c)  Operating expenses are calculated as total costs and expenses less the cost of materials sold. 2014 include a non-cash 

goodwill impairment charge of $23,836. 

Net sales increased $8.0 million, or 3.4%, to $244.5 million in 2014 from $236.6 million in 2013. The increase in net sales 
was due to a 6.2% increase in the sales volume offset by a 2.7% decrease in the average selling price during 2014. 

Cost of materials sold increased $9.5 million, or 5.8%, to $173.8 million in 2014 from $164.2 million in 2013. The increase 
in cost of materials sold was due to a 6.2% increase in sales volume and the impact of LIFO expense of $365 thousand in 
2014 compared to LIFO income of $3.6 million in 2013, offset by a decrease in the average cost of materials sold of 2.7%.  

As a percentage of net sales, gross profit (as defined in footnote (b) in the table above) totaled 28.9% in 2014 compared to 
30.6%,  in  2013.  The  LIFO  expense  recorded  in  2014  decreased  gross  profit  by  0.2%  of  net  sales  and  the  LIFO  income 
recorded in 2013, increased gross profit by 1.5% of net sales, resulting in pre-LIFO gross margin as a percentage of net sales 
remaining constant at 29.1% in both 2014 and 2013.  

Operating expenses increased $27.1 million, or 47.2%, to $84.4 million, or 34.5% of net sales, in 2014 compared to $57.4 
million, or 24.3%, of net sales in 2013. In 2014, we recorded a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $23.8 million. The 
impairment charge accounted for 88.0% of the operating expense increase. Distribution expense increased $913 thousand, or 
10.5%, as a result of the increased sales volume as well as the inflationary dynamics in the transportation industry. Warehouse 
and processing expense increased $132 thousand, or 0.8%, on a 6.2% increase in sales volume. Selling, administrative and 
general expenses increased $1.7 million, or 6.5%, due to non-recurring costs related to CTI’s Centennial events in 2014 and 
increased payroll costs. Depreciation expense increased $316 thousand, or 7.2%, as a result of the St. Paul facility expansion 
in 2013 and new processing equipment. In 2015 we initiated a profit improvement program to reduce operating expenses and 
enhance margins. This plan includes improving underperforming divisions, lowering distribution costs, lowering labor and 
personnel expenses, as well as transportation and purchasing initiatives.  

Operating loss for 2014 totaled $13.7 million, or (5.6%) of net sales, compared to operating income of $15.0 million, or 6.3% 
of net sales, for 2013. The operating loss for 2014 was the result of the goodwill impairment of $23.8 million as well as LIFO 
expense of $365 thousand. Operating income for 2013 included LIFO income of $3.6 million.  

Corporate expenses 

Corporate  expenses  increased  $540  thousand,  or  7.3%,  to  $8.0  million  in  2014,  compared  to  $7.4  million  in  2013.  The 
increase in Corporate expenses in 2014 is mainly attributable to a full year of office rent and increased professional fees and 
travel costs.  

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2013 Compared to 2012 

The following table sets forth certain consolidated income statement data for the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012 
(dollars shown in thousands): 

  $ 

Net sales 
Cost of materials sold (a) 
Gross profit (b) 
Operating expenses (c) 
Operating income 
Other income (loss), net 
Interest and other expense on debt      
Income before income taxes 
Income taxes 
Net income 

  $ 

2013

 $
1,263,331      
999,207      
264,124      
244,469      
19,655      
(28)    
6,703      
12,924      
5,277      
7,647      

    % of net sales      
100.0     $
79.1      
20.9      
19.3      
1.6      
(0.0)    
0.6      
1.0      
0.4      
0.6     $

2012 

$  
1,383,701       
1,113,852       
269,849       
251,400       
18,449       
47       
8,357       
10,139       
7,862       
2,277       

     % of net sales  
100.0  
80.5  
19.5  
18.2  
1.3  
0.0  
0.6  
0.7  
0.5  
0.2  

(a)  Includes $3,572 of LIFO income for 2013 (inclusive of a $1,932 out-of-period LIFO adjustment recorded in 2013) 
(b)  Gross profit is calculated as net sales less the cost of materials sold. 
(c)  Operating expenses are calculated as total costs and expenses less the cost of materials sold. 2012 operating expenses 

include $6,583 of goodwill impairment charges related to the Company's flat-products segment. 

Net sales decreased 8.7% to $1.26 billion in 2013 from $1.38 billion in 2012. Flat products net sales decreased 9.8%, or $111 
million, and were 81.3% of total net sales in 2013 compared to 82.2% in 2012. Tubular and pipe products net sales declined 
3.7%, or $9 million, and were 18.7% of total net sales in 2013 compared to 17.8% of total net sales in 2012. The decrease in 
sales for the year ended December 31, 2013 was due to a 4.1% decline in consolidated sales volume as well as a 4.8% decline 
in consolidated average selling prices in 2013 compared to 2012. 

Cost of materials sold decreased 10.3% to $999 million in 2013 from $1.11 billion in 2012. The decrease in cost of materials 
sold during 2013 was due to a 4.1% decline in consolidated sales volume as well as a 6.4% decline in consolidated cost of 
materials  sold  in  2013  compared  to  2012.  In  the  first  quarter  of  2013,  we  made  an  out-of-period  adjustment  to  record 
previously unrecognized LIFO income, which resulted in a decrease to cost of materials sold of $1.9 million. The total impact 
of LIFO income in 2013 was a $3.6 million decrease to cost of materials sold.  

As a percentage of net sales, gross profit (as defined in footnote (b) in the table above) increased to 20.9% in 2013 from 
19.5% in 2012. Gross profit as a percentage of net sales increased in both segments. The impact of LIFO income increased 
gross profit by 0.3% of net sales in 2013. The increase in gross profit during 2013 was primarily due to the cost of materials 
sold decreasing more than selling prices, as well as the impact of LIFO income.  

Operating expenses in 2013 decreased $6.9 million, or 2.8%, from 2012. As a percentage of net sales, operating expenses 
increased to 19.3% in 2013 from 18.2% in 2012. The decrease in operating expenses resulted primarily from a $6.6 million 
goodwill impairment charge related to the flat products segment’s Southern region that was included in operating expenses 
in 2012. During 2013, expenses related to medical claims and workers compensation expenses increased $1.0 million over 
2012.  These  expenses  are  included  in  “Warehouse  and  processing”,  “Administrative  and  general”  and  “Selling”  on  the 
accompanying  Consolidated  Statements  of  Comprehensive  Income.  Selling  expenses  decreased  $2.7  million  in  2013 
compared to 2012 as a result of decreased variable compensation, decreased discretionary spending and decreased bad debt 
expense. Depreciation and occupancy expense increased $2.1 million in 2013 as a result of capital spending on new facilities 
and new processing equipment at existing facilities.  

Interest and other expense on debt totaled $6.7 million in 2013 compared to $8.4 million in 2012. Our effective borrowing 
rate, exclusive of deferred financing fees and commitment fees, was 2.3% in 2013 compared to 2.7% in 2012. The decrease 
in interest and other expense on debt in 2013 was primarily attributable to lower average borrowings and lower rate premiums 
under our credit facility.  

For 2013, income before income taxes totaled $12.9 million compared to income before income taxes of $10.1 million in 
2012. 2013 included LIFO income of $3.6 million, inclusive of an out-of-period LIFO income adjustment of $1.9 million 
recorded in the first quarter of 2013. 

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An income tax provision of 40.8% was recorded for 2013, compared to an income tax provision of 77.5% in 2012. The 2012 
effective income tax rate was unusually high due to the non-deductibility of the goodwill impairment charge and the impact 
of permanent non-deductible tax items applied to a low pre-tax income level in 2012.  

Net income for 2013 totaled $7.6 million or $0.69 per basic and diluted share, compared to net income of $2.3 million or 
$0.21 per basic and diluted share for 2012. The impact of LIFO income in 2013 increased earnings per share by $0.19 per 
basic and diluted shares. The out-of-period LIFO income adjustment accounted for $0.10 per basic and diluted share of the 
increase. 

Segment Results of Operations 

Flat products 

The following table sets forth certain income statement data for the flat products segment for the years ended December 31, 
2013 and 2012 (dollars shown in thousands, except per ton data): 

2013

2012 

    % of net sales      

     % of net sales  

Direct tons sold 
Toll tons sold 
Total tons sold 

Net sales 
Average selling price per ton 
Cost of materials sold 
Gross profit (a) 
Operating expenses (b) 
Operating income 

  $ 

  $ 

1,007,511      
81,226      
1,088,737      

1,026,769      
943      
834,994      
191,775      
179,669      
12,106      

1,061,603       
80,866       
1,142,469       

1,138,063       
996       
941,192       
196,871       
189,841       
7,030       

100.0     $

81.3      
18.7      
17.5      
1.2     $

100.0  

82.7  
17.3  
16.7  
0.6  

(a)  Gross profit is calculated as net sales less the cost of materials sold. 
(b)  Operating expenses are calculated as total costs and expenses less the cost of materials sold. 2012 operating expenses

include a $6,583 goodwill impairment charge related to the Southern region. 

Tons sold decreased 4.7% to 1.09 million tons in 2013 from 1.14 million tons in 2012. Toll tons sold was flat at approximately 
81,000 tons in 2013 and 2012. The decrease in tons sold was due to decreased customer demand during 2013. 

Net sales decreased 9.8% to $1.03 billion in 2013 from $1.14 billion in 2012. Average selling prices in 2013 decreased to 
$943 per ton, compared to $996 per ton in 2012. The decrease in sales was due to a 4.7% decline in sales volume as well as 
a 5.3% decline in the average sell price during 2013.  

Cost  of  materials  sold decreased 11.3%  to $835.0  million  in  2013 from  $941.2  million  in  2012.  The decrease  in  cost  of 
materials sold was due to the volume decrease of 4.7% as well as a 6.9% decline in the average cost of materials sold per ton 
during 2013 compared to 2012.  

As a percentage of net sales, gross profit (as defined in footnote (a) in the table above) increased to 18.7% in 2013 from 
17.3% in 2012. The increase in gross profit percentage in 2013 was primarily due to the cost of materials sold decreasing 
more than selling prices. The average gross profit per ton sold totaled $176 in 2013 and $172 in 2012. During 2013, we 
increased the proportion of our product sales mix that contained more processing, which also contributed to the higher gross 
profit percentage and gross profit per ton sold in the current year as compared to 2012. 

Operating expenses in 2013 decreased $10.2 million, or 5.4%, from 2012. As a percentage of net sales, operating expenses 
increased  to  17.5%  for  2013  from  16.7%  in  2012.  Variable  operating  expenses,  such  as  distribution,  warehouse  and 
processing, and selling expenses, decreased as a result of lower sales volume, net sales and gross profits. Depreciation and 
occupancy expenses increased as a result of the recent investments in new facilities. 2012 operating expenses included a 
goodwill impairment charge for the Southern region of $6.6 million.  

Operating income for 2013 increased to $12.1 million, or 1.2% of net sales, from $7.0 million, or 0.6% of net sales in 2012.  

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Tubular and pipe products 

The following table sets forth certain income statement data for the tubular and pipe products segment for 2013 and 2012 
(dollars shown in thousands). 

Net sales 
Cost of materials sold (a) 
Gross profit (b) 
Operating expenses (c) 
Operating income 

  $ 

  $ 

2013

    % of net sales     
100.0     $
69.4      
30.6      
24.3      
6.3     $

236,562      
164,213      
72,349      
57,368      
14,981      

2012 

    % of net sales 
100.0  
70.3  
29.7  
22.4  
7.3  

245,638       
172,660       
72,978       
54,981       
17,997       

(a)  Includes $3,572 of LIFO income in 2013 (inclusive of a $1,932 out-of-period LIFO adjustment) 
(b)  Gross profit is calculated as net sales less the cost of materials sold. 
(c)  Operating expenses are calculated as total costs and expenses less the cost of materials sold.  

Net sales decreased 3.7% to $236.6 million in 2013 from $245.6 million in 2012. The decrease in net sales was due to a 7.9% 
decline in the average selling price offset by a 4.6% increase in sales volume during 2013.  

Cost  of  materials  sold  decreased  4.9%  to  $164.2  million  in  2013  from  $172.7  million  in  2012.  The  decrease  in  cost  of 
materials sold was due to a 9.1% decline in the average cost of materials sold per ton offset by a 4.6% increase in sales 
volume during 2013 compared to 2012. In the first quarter of 2013, we made an out-of-period adjustment to record previously 
unrecognized LIFO  income, which resulted  in  a decrease to  cost of  materials  sold of $1.9  million. Due  to  the  continued 
declining prices for metals in 2013, we recorded an additional $1.7 million of LIFO income during 2013. Total LIFO income 
recorded in 2013 was $3.6 million.  

As a percentage of net sales, gross profit (as defined in footnote (b) in the table above) totaled 30.6% in 2013 compared to 
29.7%, in 2012. The impact of LIFO income increased gross profit by 1.5% of sales in 2013, of which the out-of-period LIFO 
income adjustment amounted to 0.8%.  

Operating expenses increased $2.4 million to $57.4 million, or 24.3% of net sales, in 2013 compared to $55.0 million, or 
22.4% of net sales in 2012. Variable operating expenses such as warehouse and processing, distribution and selling expenses 
increased as a result of increased sales volume in 2013.  

Operating income for 2013 totaled $15.0 million, or 6.3% of net sales, compared to $18.0 million, or 7.3% of net sales, for 
2012. Operating income for 2013 included the impact of LIFO income of $3.6 million, inclusive of the $1.9 million out-of-
period LIFO income adjustment recorded in the first quarter of 2013. 

Corporate expenses 

Commencing with the first quarter of 2013, corporate expenses are reported as a separate line item in the segment reporting 
and are disclosed separately to reconcile segment operating income to consolidated operating income on the Consolidated 
Statements of Comprehensive Income. Corporate expenses include the unallocated expenses related to managing the entire 
Company (i.e., both segments), including payroll expenses for certain personnel, expenses related to being a publicly traded 
entity such as board of directors expenses, audit expenses, and various other professional fees. Prior to 2013, these expenses 
were included in the flat products segment’s operating results.  

Corporate expenses totaled $7.4 million in 2013 compared to $6.6 million for 2012. The increase in Corporate expenses in 
2013 is attributable to higher variable incentive compensation, increased professional fees and the relocation of certain of the 
Company’s executive offices from Bedford Heights, Ohio to Highland Hills, Ohio. 

31 

  
  
  
  
   
 
  
    
 
 
    
    
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
   
  
 
 
Liquidity, Capital Resources and Cash Flows 

Our principal capital requirements include funding working capital needs, purchasing, upgrading and acquiring processing 
equipment  and  facilities,  making  acquisitions  and  paying  dividends.  We  use  cash  generated  from  operations,  leasing 
transactions and borrowings under our credit facility to fund these requirements. 

We believe that funds available under our credit facility, lease arrangement proceeds and the sale of equity or debt securities, 
together with funds generated from operations, will be sufficient to provide us with the liquidity necessary to fund anticipated 
working capital requirements, capital expenditure requirements, our dividend payments and any business acquisitions over 
at least the next 12 months. In the future, we may as part of our business strategy, acquire and dispose of assets or other 
companies  in  the  same  or  complementary  lines  of  business,  or  enter  into  or  exit  strategic  alliances  and  joint  ventures. 
Accordingly,  the  timing  and  size  of  our  capital  requirements  are  subject  to  change  as  business  conditions  warrant  and 
opportunities arise. 

2014 Compared to 2013 

Operating Activities 

During 2014, we used $39.6 million of cash from operations, of which $25.4 million was generated from operating activities 
and $65.0 million was used for working capital. During 2013, we generated $54.7 million of net cash from operations, of 
which $29.1 million was generated from operating activities and $25.5 million was generated from working capital.  

Net cash from operations totaled $25.4 million during 2014 and was primarily generated from depreciation and amortization 
of $21.8 million and the non-cash goodwill impairment of $23.8 million, offset by the net loss of $19.1 million. Net cash 
from  operations  totaled  $29.1  million  during  2013  and  was  primarily  generated  from  net  income  of  $7.6  million,  and 
depreciation and amortization of $23.6 million.  

Working capital at December 31, 2014 totaled $326.7 million, a $74.7 million increase from December 31, 2013. The increase 
was primarily attributable to a $24.7 million increase in inventory (a result of increased inventory tonnage related to increased 
sales),  an  $8.5  million  increase  in  accounts  receivable  (a  result  of  increased  sales),  a  $34.8  million  decrease  in  accounts 
payable (a result of less inventory purchases at the end of the year in 2014 compared to 2013), and a $7.6 million increase in 
prepaid expenses and other, offset by a $10.7 million increase in accrued payroll and other accrued liabilities. The increase 
in prepaid expenses and other and accrued payroll and other accrued liabilities is mainly related to the increase in metals 
derivatives.  

Investing Activities 

Net cash used for investing activities was $7.8 million during 2014, compared to $16.1 million during 2013. In 2014, capital 
expenditures were primarily attributable to additional processing equipment at our flat products and tube and pipe products 
existing  facilities.  During  2015,  we  expect  to  limit  our  capital  spending  to  less  than  our  annual  depreciation  expense 
(approximately $20 million in 2014). 

Financing Activities 

In 2014, $46.4 million of cash was generated from financing activities, which primarily consisted of $49.2 million of net 
borrowings under our credit facility, including the payoff of our term loan of $48.9 million upon refinancing and subsequent 
borrowings under our revolving credit facility, offset by $1.2 million of additional deferred financing fees incurred as part of 
the June 30, 2014 amendment to the ABL Credit Facility (as defined below).  

In February 2015, our Board of Directors approved a regular quarterly dividend of $0.02 per share, which is payable on 
March  16,  2015  to  shareholders  of  record  as  of  March  2,  2015.  Our  Board  previously  approved  2014  regular  quarterly 
dividends of $0.02 per share, which were paid on each of March 17, 2014, June 16, 2014, September 16, 2014 and December 
15, 2014. Dividend distributions in the future are subject to the availability of cash, the $2.5 million annual limitation on cash 
dividends  under  our  ABL  Credit  Facility  and  continuing  determination  by  our  Board  of  Directors  that  the  payment  of 
dividends remains in the best interest of our shareholders. 

32 

  
    
  
 
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
Debt Arrangements 

On June 30, 2014, we amended our asset based credit facility (ABL Credit Facility). The amendment provides for, among 
other things: (i) a reduction in the applicable margin for loans under the Company’s Loan and Security Agreement; (ii) a 
consolidation  of  the  previous  $315.0  million  revolver  and  then  outstanding  $44.5  million  term  loan  into  a  $365  million 
revolving credit facility; (iii) the removal of the Company’s real estate as collateral for borrowings; and (iv) the extension of 
the maturity date until June 30, 2019. Revolver borrowings are limited to the lesser of a borrowing base, comprised of eligible 
receivables and inventories, or $365 million in the aggregate. The ABL Credit Facility matures on June 30, 2019.  

The ABL Credit Facility requires us to comply with various covenants, the most significant of which include: (i) until maturity 
of the ABL Credit Facility, if any commitments or obligations are outstanding and our availability is less than the greater of 
$30 million or 10.0% of the aggregate amount of revolver commitments ($36.5 million at December 31, 2014), then we must 
maintain a ratio of EBITDA minus certain capital expenditures and cash taxes paid to fixed charges of at least 1.00 to 1.00 
for  the  most  recent  twelve  fiscal  month  period;  (ii)  limitations  on  dividend  payments;  and  (iii)  restrictions  on  additional 
indebtedness. We have the option to borrow under our revolver based on the agent’s base rate plus a premium ranging from 
0.00% to 0.25% or the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus a premium ranging from 1.25% to 3.00%.  

As of December 31, 2014, we were in compliance with our covenants and had approximately $98 million of availability 
under the ABL Credit Facility.  

As of December 31, 2014, $3.5 million of bank financing fees, including $1.2 million related to the ABL Credit Facility were 
included in “Prepaid expenses and other” and “Other long-term assets” on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. 
The financing fees are being amortized over the remaining term of the ABL Credit Facility and are included in “Interest and 
other expense on debt” on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. 

In  June  2012, we  entered  into  a  forward  starting fixed  rate  interest  rate  hedge  that  commenced  in  June 2013  in order  to 
eliminate the variability of cash interest payments on $53.2 million of the outstanding LIBOR-based borrowings under the 
ABL  Credit  Facility.  The  hedge  matures  on  June  1,  2016  and  the  notional  amount  is  reduced  monthly  by  the  principal 
payments on the term loan. The hedge balance as of December 31, 2014 was $40.1 million. The interest rate hedge fixed the 
rate  at  1.21%  plus  a  premium  ranging  from  1.25%  to  1.75%.  Although  we  are  exposed  to  credit  loss  in  the  event  of 
nonperformance by the other parties to the interest rate hedge agreement, we anticipate performance by the counterparties.  

As  part  of  the  CTI  acquisition,  we  assumed  approximately  $5.9  million  of  Industrial  Revenue  Bond  (IRB)  indebtedness 
issued through the Stanly County, North Carolina Industrial Revenue and Pollution Control Authority. The bond matures in 
April  2018, with  the option  to  provide  principal  payments  annually  on April  1st. On April  1, 2014,  we  paid  an  optional 
principal payment of $810 thousand. The IRB is remarketed annually and is included in “Current portion of long-term debt” 
on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Interest is payable monthly, with a variable rate that resets weekly. As a 
security for payment of the bonds, the Company obtained a direct pay letter of credit issued by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. 
The letter of credit reduces annually by the principal reduction amount. The interest rate at December 31, 2014 was 0.16% 
for the IRB debt. 

We  entered  into  an  interest  rate  swap  agreement  to  reduce  the  impact  of  changes  in  interest  rates  on  the  above  IRB.  At 
December 31, 2014, the effect of the swap agreement on the bond was to fix the rate at 3.46%. The swap agreement matures 
April  2018,  but  the  notional  amount  is  reduced  annually  by  the  amount  of  the  optional  principal  payments  on  the  bond. 
Although we are exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the interest rate swap agreement, 
we anticipate performance by the counterparty. 

2013 Compared to 2012 

Operating Activities 

During 2013, we generated $54.7 million of net cash from operations, of which $29.1 million was generated from operating 
activities and $25.5 million was generated from working capital. During 2012, we generated $27.7 million of net cash from 
operations, of which $31.5 million was generated from operating activities and $3.7 million was used for working capital.  

Net  cash  from  operations  totaled  $29.1  million  during  2013  and  was  generated  from  net  income  of  $7.6  million,  and 
depreciation and amortization of $23.6 million. Net cash from operations totaled $31.5 million during 2012 and was generated 

33 

  
    
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
from net income of $2.3 million, depreciation and amortization of $22.2 million and $6.6 million from the non-cash goodwill 
impairment in the Southern region.  

Working  capital  at  December  31,  2013  totaled  $252.0  million,  a  $27.9  million  decrease  from  December  31,  2012.  The 
decrease was primarily attributable to a $24.5 million increase in accounts payable, a $4.6 million decrease in cash and a $3.7 
million decrease in inventory.  

Investing Activities 

Net cash used for investing activities was $16.1 million during 2013, compared to $22.9 million during 2012. In 2013, capital 
expenditures were primarily attributable to the expansion of our tubular and pipe products segment’s St. Paul facility and 
additional processing equipment at our flat products and tube and pipe products existing facilities.  

Financing Activities 

In 2013, we used $43.2 million for financing activities, which primarily consisted of $42.4 million of net repayments under 
our credit facility, industrial revenue bond and capital lease obligations. 

Our Board of Directors approved regular quarterly dividends of $0.02 per share, which were paid on each of March 15, 2013, 
June 17, 2013, September 16, 2013 and December 16, 2013.  

Contractual Obligations 

The following table reflects our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2014: 

Contractual Obligations 
(amounts in thousands) 
Long-term debt obligations 
Interest obligations 
Unrecognized tax positions 
Other long-term liabilities 
Operating leases 

Total contractual obligations 

(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 
(e) 

  $

  $

Total 
247,620     $
21,224      
62      
12,450      
28,052      
309,408     $

    Less than       
1 year 

    1-3 years       3-5 years     

    More than  
5 years 

840     $
5,030      
26      
805      
5,874      
12,575     $

1,760     $
9,360       
36       
1,189       
10,325       
22,670     $

245,020     $
6,834      
-     
-     
6,617      
258,471     $

- 
- 
- 
10,456  
5,236  
15,692  

(a)  See Note 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.  
(b) Future interest obligations are calculated using the debt balances and interest rates in effect on December 31, 2014. 
(c)  See  Note  13  to  the  Consolidated  Financial  Statements.  Classification  is  based  on  expected  settlement  dates  and  the

expiration of certain statutes of limitations. 

(d) Primarily consists of accrued bonuses, retirement liabilities and deferred compensation payable in future years. 
(e)  See Note 12 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 

An off-balance sheet arrangement is any contractual arrangement involving an unconsolidated entity under which a company 
has (a) made guarantees, (b) a retained or a contingent interest in transferred assets, (c) any obligation under certain derivative 
instruments  or  (d)  any  obligation  under  a  material  variable  interest  in  an  unconsolidated  entity  that  provides  financing, 
liquidity, market risk or credit risk support to a company, or engages in leasing, hedging, or research and development services 
within a company. 

Other than operating leases, which are disclosed above, and derivative instruments discussed in Note 8 to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements, as of December 31, 2014, we had no material off-balance sheet arrangements. 

34 

    
   
  
  
   
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
      
  
  
 
   
 
   
   
   
   
  
 
   
  
  
  
    
 
 
Effects of Inflation 

Inflation  generally  affects  us  by  increasing  the  cost  of  employee  wages  and  benefits,  transportation  services,  processing 
equipment, purchased metals, energy and borrowings under our credit facility. General inflation, excluding increases in the 
price of metals and increased distribution expense, has not had a material effect on our financial results during the past three 
years. 

Critical Accounting Policies 

This discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based on our consolidated financial statements, 
which have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. The preparation 
of these financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the 
financial statements. Actual results could differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. On an on-
going basis, we monitor and evaluate our estimates and assumptions. 

We believe the following critical accounting policies affect our more significant judgments and estimates used in preparation 
of our consolidated financial statements: 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts Receivable 

We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make 
required payments. The allowance is maintained at a level considered appropriate based on historical experience and specific 
customer collection issues that we have identified. Estimations are based upon the application of a historical collection rate 
to  the  outstanding  accounts  receivable  balance,  which  remains  fairly  level  from  year  to  year,  and  judgments  about  the 
probable effects of economic conditions on certain customers, which can fluctuate significantly from year to year. We cannot 
be certain that the rate of future credit losses will be similar to past experience. We consider all available information when 
assessing the adequacy of our allowance for doubtful accounts each quarter. 

Inventory Valuation 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market and include the costs of the purchased metals, inbound freight, external 
and internal processing and applicable labor and overhead costs. Costs of our flat product segment’s inventories, including 
flat-rolled sheet, coil and plate products are determined using the specific identification method.  

Certain of our tubular and pipe products inventory is stated under the LIFO method. At December 31, 2014, approximately 
$46.6  million,  or  15.0%  of  consolidated  inventory,  was  reported  under  the  LIFO  method  of  accounting.  The  cost  of  the 
remainder of CTI’s inventory is determined using a weighted average rolling first-in, first-out method. 

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets 

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price paid over the fair value of the net assets acquired. We perform an annual 
impairment test of goodwill for Integrity Stainless and our tubular and pipe products segment’s operations and indefinite-
lived intangible assets for our CTI operation in the fourth quarter, or more frequently if changes in circumstances or the 
occurrence of events indicate potential impairment. Events or changes in circumstances that could trigger an impairment 
review include significant nonperformance relative to the expected historical or projected future operating results, significant 
changes in the manner of the use of the acquired assets or the strategy for the overall business or significant negative industry 
or economic trends. Management uses its judgment to determine whether to use a qualitative analysis or a quantitative fair 
value  measurement  for  each  of  the  Company’s  reporting  units  that  carry  goodwill.  During  2014,  we  used  a  quantitative 
measurement (Step 1) for the annual goodwill impairment test for both Integrity Stainless and our tubular and pipe products 
segment.  

If a quantitative fair value measurement is used, the fair value of each indefinite-lived intangible asset is compared to its 
carrying  value  and  an  impairment  charge  is  recorded  if  the  carrying  value  exceeds  the  fair  value.  Goodwill  is  tested  by 
comparing the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying value. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its 
fair value, the implied value of goodwill is compared to its carrying value and impairment is recognized to the extent that the 
carrying value exceeds the implied fair value. 

35 

  
   
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
If a quantitative approach is utilized, we estimate the fair value of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets using 
a  discounted  cash  flow  methodology,  an  income  approach,  and  a  publicly  traded  companies  guideline  method,  a  market 
approach. Management’s assumptions used for the calculations are based on historical results, projected financial information 
and recent economic events. Actual results could differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions which 
could adversely affect the reported value of goodwill. 

During the fourth quarter of 2014, we engaged an independent third party valuation expert to assist with the completion of 
the  annual goodwill  impairment  testing pursuant  ASC  Topic  350-20-35,  “Goodwill  – Subsequent  measurement.”  Due  to 
challenging market conditions, our recent financial performance and the decrease of our market capitalization, we decided to 
perform the two-step quantitative impairment test by comparing the fair value of the Integrity Stainless and the tubular and 
pipe products segment with its carrying value.  

The first step of the goodwill impairment test showed that the fair value of the Integrity Stainless operations was in excess of 
its carrying value and no goodwill impairment was identified. For the tubular and pipe products segment, it was determined 
that the carrying value of the operations was in excess of the fair value and a potential goodwill impairment was identified. 
Based on the second step of the impairment test, we concluded that the implied fair value of goodwill for the tubular and pipe 
products segment was less than its carrying value and a goodwill impairment of $23.8 million was identified and recognized.  

Long-Lived Assets 

We  evaluate  the  recoverability  of  long-lived  assets  and  the  related  estimated  remaining  lives  whenever  events  or 
circumstances indicate that the carrying value of its depreciable long-lived assets may not be recoverable. Management uses 
its judgment to determine whether to use a qualitative analysis or a quantitative fair value measurement for the analysis. If 
circumstances are determined to exist where we will do a quantitative fair value analysis, an estimate of the undiscounted 
future cash flows produced by the long-lived asset, or grouping of assets, is compared to the carrying value to determine 
whether impairment exists. If an asset is determined to be impaired, a loss is recognized to the extent that carrying value 
exceeds fair value. Fair value is measured based on quoted market prices in active markets, if available. If quoted market 
prices are not available, the estimate of fair value is based on various valuation techniques, including the discounted value of 
estimated future cash flows.  

Due to the impairment of the tubular and pipe products segment’s goodwill, a triggering event occurred for the long-lived 
assets of the Company. We performed an undiscounted cash flow analysis these indicated that there were no indicators of 
impairment of the long-lived assets of the Company.  

Income Taxes 

Deferred income taxes on the consolidated balance sheet include, as an offset to the estimated temporary differences between 
the tax basis of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts on the consolidated balance sheets, the tax effect of operating 
loss and tax credit carryforwards. If we determine that we will not be able to fully realize a deferred tax asset, we will record 
a valuation allowance to reduce such deferred tax asset to its net realizable value.  

Revenue Recognition 

For both direct and toll shipments, revenue is recognized when title and risk of loss is transferred, which generally occurs 
upon  delivery  to  our  customers.  Given  the  proximity  of  our  customers  to  our  facilities,  substantially  all  of  our  sales  are 
shipped and received within one day. Sales returns and allowances are treated as reductions to sales and are provided for 
based on historical experience and current estimates and are immaterial to the consolidated financial statements. 

The engineered products produced by CTI typically take several months to manufacture due to their size and complexity. 
Substantially all projects are completed within six months. The Company may request advance payments from customers 
during  the  production  of  these  products.  These  payments  are  included  in  “Other  accrued  liabilities”  on  the  Company’s 
Consolidated Balance Sheets. Due to their short-term nature, the Company uses the units of delivery method to account for 
these contracts. Revenue for the contracts is recognized when the product is shipped and title of the product transfers to the 
customers. Revenues for these engineered products accounted for approximately 1.7%, 1.9% and 1.3% of our net sales during 
2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.  

36 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    
 
 
Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements 

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers.”  This  ASU  is  a  joint  project  initiated  by  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  and  the  International 
Accounting Standards Board to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue and to develop a common revenue standard for 
U.S.  generally  accepted  accounting  principles  and  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  that  will  remove 
inconsistencies and weaknesses in revenue requirements; provide a more robust framework for addressing revenue issues; 
improve comparability of revenue recognition practices across entities, industries, jurisdictions and capital markets; provide 
more  useful  information  to  users  of  financial  statements  through  improved  disclosure  requirements;  and  simplify  the 
preparation of financial statements by reducing the number of requirements to which an entity must refer. The guidance is 
effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting 
period. The Company is in the process of determining the method of adoption and assessing the impact of this ASU on its 
consolidated financial statements.  

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern”. This ASU 
contains new guidance on management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity’s ability 
to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. Management must evaluate whether it is probable 
that  known  conditions  or  events,  considered  in  the  aggregate,  would  raise  substantial  doubt  about  the  entity’s  ability  to 
continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. If such conditions or events 
are identified, the standard requires management's mitigation plans to alleviate the doubt or a statement of the substantial 
doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern to be disclosed in the financial statements. This ASU is effective 
for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this 
ASU is not expected to impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 

Our principal raw materials are carbon, coated and stainless steel, and aluminum, pipe and tube, flat rolled coil, sheet and 
plate that we typically purchase from multiple primary metals producers. The metals industry as a whole is cyclical and, at 
times,  pricing  and  availability  of  metals  can  be  volatile  due  to  numerous  factors  beyond  our  control,  including  general 
domestic  and  international  economic  conditions,  labor  costs,  sales  levels,  competition,  levels  of  inventory  held  by  other 
metals service centers, consolidation of metals producers, new global capacity by metals producers, volatility in raw material 
costs for the producers of metals, import duties and tariffs and currency exchange rates. This volatility can significantly affect 
the availability and cost of raw materials for us.  

We, like many other metals service centers, maintain substantial inventories of metals to accommodate the short lead times 
and  just-in-time  delivery  requirements  of  our  customers.  Accordingly,  we  purchase  metals  in  an  effort  to  maintain  our 
inventory at levels that we believe to be appropriate to satisfy the anticipated needs of our customers based upon historic 
buying  practices,  supply  agreements  with  customers  and  market  conditions.  Our  commitments  to  purchase  metals  are 
generally at prevailing market prices in effect at the time we place our orders. We have no long-term, fixed-price metals 
purchase contracts, except for the metals hedges discussed in Note 8 to the Consolidated Financial Statements. When metals 
prices increase, competitive conditions will influence how much of the price increase we can pass on to our customers. To 
the extent we are unable to pass on future price increases in our raw materials to our customers, the net sales and profitability 
of  our  business  could  be  adversely  affected.  When  metals  prices  decline,  customer  demands  for  lower  prices  and  our 
competitors’ responses to those demands could result in lower sale prices and, consequently, lower gross profits and inventory 
lower of cost or market adjustments as we sell existing inventory. Significant or rapid declines in metals prices or reductions 
in sales volumes could adversely impact our ability to remain in compliance with certain financial covenants in our credit 
facility,  as  well  as  result  in  us  incurring  asset  or  goodwill  impairment  charges.  Changing  metals  prices  therefore  could 
significantly impact our net sales, gross profits, operating income and net income. 

Rising prices result in higher working capital requirements for us and our customers. Some customers may not have sufficient 
credit lines or liquidity to absorb significant increases in the price of metals. While we have generally been successful in the 
past in passing on producers’ price increases and surcharges to our customers, there is no guarantee that we will be able to 
pass on price increases to our customers in the future.  

Declining metals prices have generally adversely affected our net sales and net income, while increasing metals prices, have 
generally favorably affected our net sales and net income.  

37 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Approximately 7.9% of our consolidated net sales in 2014 were directly to automotive manufacturers or manufacturers of 
automotive components and parts. Historically, due to the concentration of customers in the automotive industry, our gross 
profits on these sales have generally been less than our gross profits on sales to customers in other industries.  

Inflation  generally  affects  us  by  increasing  the  cost  of  employee  wages  and  benefits,  transportation  services,  processing 
equipment, energy and borrowings under our credit facility. General inflation, excluding increases in the price of steel and 
increased distribution expense, has not had a material effect on our financial results during the past three years.  

We are exposed to the impact of fluctuating metals prices and interest rate changes. During 2014, 2013 and 2012, we entered 
into metals swaps at the request of customers. While these derivatives are intended to be effective in helping us manage risk, 
they have not been designated as hedging instruments. For certain customers, we enter into contractual relationships that 
entitle us to pass-through the economic effect of trading positions that we take with other third parties on our customers’ 
behalf. In 2014, we entered into carbon swaps in order to mitigate the volatility in the price of metals. The carbon swaps are 
accounted for as cash flow hedges.  

Our primary interest rate risk exposure results from variable rate debt. If interest rates in the future were to increase 100 basis 
points (1.0%) from December 31, 2014 rates and, assuming no change in total debt from December 31, 2014 levels, the 
additional annual interest expense to us would be approximately $2.0 million. We have the option to enter into 30- to 180-
day fixed base rate LIBOR loans under the ABL Credit Facility. The Company assumed an interest rate swap agreement on 
the $5.9 million of CTI IRB. The swap agreement matures in April 2018, but the notional amount may be reduced annually 
by the amount of the optional principal payments on the IRB. In June 2012, the Company entered into a forward starting 
fixed  rate  interest  rate  hedge  commencing  July  2013  in  order  to  eliminate  the  variability  of  cash  interest  payments  on 
approximately $53.2 million of the then outstanding LIBOR-based borrowings under the ABL Credit Facility. The balance 
as of December 31, 2014 was $40.1 million. The hedge matures on June 1, 2016 and the notional amount is reduced monthly 
by  $729  thousand.  The  fixed  rate  interest  rate  hedge  is  accounted  for  as  a  cash  flow  hedging  instrument  for  accounting 
purposes. The Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other parties to the interest rate swap 
and fixed interest rate hedge agreements. However, the Company does not anticipate nonperformance by the counterparties. 

38 

  
  
  
  
 
 
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 

Olympic Steel, Inc.  

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm .............................................................................................. 
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting .............................................................................. 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 ............. 
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 .................................................................................... 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 ................................. 
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 ............ 
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 .................. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 ........................... 

40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47

Page

39 

   
  
   
  
   
   
  
   
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm  

To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Olympic Steel, Inc.: 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the accompanying index present fairly, in all material respects, 
the financial position of Olympic Steel, Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the results of their 
operations  and  their  cash  flows  for  each  of  the  three  years  in  the  period  ended  December  31,  2014  in  conformity  with 
accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. In addition, in our opinion, the financial statement 
schedule listed in the index appearing under Item 15(a)(2) presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth 
therein  when  read  in  conjunction  with  the  related  consolidated  financial  statements.  Also  in  our  opinion,  the  Company 
maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on 
criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the 
Treadway  Commission  (COSO)  in  2013.  The  Company's  management  is  responsible  for  these  financial  statements  and 
financial statement schedule, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the 
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management's Report on Internal 
Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on these financial statements, on the financial 
statement  schedule  and  on  the  Company's  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  based  on  our  integrated  audits.  We 
conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). 
Those  standards  require  that  we  plan  and  perform  the  audits  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  financial 
statements are free of material misstatement and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained 
in all material respects. Our audits of the financial statements included examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the 
amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made 
by  management,  and  evaluating  the  overall  financial  statement  presentation.  Our  audit  of  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material 
weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed 
risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe 
that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions. 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures 
that  (i)  pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the  transactions  and 
dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to 
permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and 
expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the 
company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, 
or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 
Cleveland, Ohio 
February 26, 2015 

40 

  
  
  
  
  
  
    
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING 

Our  management  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control  over  financial  reporting.  Our 
internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of our 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted 
accounting principles. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect 
misstatements.  

Our  management  assessed  the  effectiveness  of our  internal  control  over financial  reporting  as  of  December  31, 2014.  In 
making this assessment, our management used the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework, issued by 
the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in 2013. Based on our assessment, we 
concluded that, as of December 31, 2014, our internal control over financial reporting was effective based on those criteria. 

The  effectiveness  of  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December  31,  2014  has  been  audited  by 
PricewaterhouseCoopers  LLP,  an  independent  registered  public  accounting  firm,  as  stated  in  their  report  which  appears 
herein. 

41 

  
  
  
  
   
 
 
Olympic Steel, Inc. 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income 
For The Years Ended December 31, 
(in thousands, except per share data) 

Net sales 
Costs and expenses 

Cost of materials sold (excludes items shown separately below) 
Warehouse and processing 
Administrative and general 
Distribution 
Selling 
Occupancy 
Depreciation 
Amortization 
Goodwill impairment 

Total costs and expenses 

Operating income (loss) 

Asset impairment charge of joint venture real estate 
Other income (loss), net 

Income (loss) before interest and income taxes 

Interest and other expense on debt 

Income (loss) before income taxes 

Income tax provision 
Net income (loss) 

Net gain (loss) on interest rate hedge 
Net loss on cash flow hedges 
Tax effect of hedges 

Total comprehensive income (loss) 

Net income (loss) per share - basic 
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic 

Net income (loss) per share - diluted 
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted 

2014 

2013 

2012 

  $

1,436,270     $

1,263,331     $

1,383,701  

1,160,310      
92,170      
72,219      
41,312      
24,799      
10,052      
19,891      
889      
23,836      
1,445,478      
(9,208)    
-     
(126)    
(9,334)    
6,780      
(16,114)    
2,950      
(19,064)   $

324      
(312)    
(125)    
(19,177)   $

(1.71)   $
11,120      

(1.71)   $
11,120     

999,207       
84,332       
68,520       
35,076       
24,905       
9,395       
21,352       
889       
-       
1,243,676       
19,655       
-       
(28 )     
19,627       
6,703       
12,924       
5,277       
7,647     $

231       
-       
(89 )     
7,789     $

0.69     $
11,065       

0.69     $
11,074       

1,113,852  
84,389  
68,253  
35,009  
27,635  
8,671  
19,971  
889  
6,583  
1,365,252  
18,449  
(36)
83  
18,496  
8,357  
10,139  
7,862  
2,277  

(941)
- 
362  
1,698  

0.21  
10,989  

0.21  
10,995  

  $

  $

  $

  $

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 

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Olympic Steel, Inc. 
Consolidated Balance Sheets 
As of December 31, 
(in thousands) 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Accounts receivable, net 
Inventories, net (includes LIFO debit of $3,207 and $3,572 as of December 31, 2014 

  $

Assets 

and 2013, respectively) 
Prepaid expenses and other 
Assets held for sale 

Total current assets 
Property and equipment, at cost 
Accumulated depreciation 

Net property and equipment 

Goodwill 
Intangible assets, net 
Other long-term assets 

Total assets 

Current portion of long-term debt 
Accounts payable 
Accrued payroll 
Other accrued liabilities 

Total current liabilities 

Credit facility revolver 
Long-term debt 
Other long-term liabilities 
Deferred income taxes 
Total liabilities 

Liabilities

  $

  $

Preferred stock, without par value, 5,000 shares authorized, no shares issued or 

Shareholders' Equity

outstanding 

Common stock, without par value, 20,000 shares authorized, 10,984 and 10,964 shares 

issued and outstanding 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss 
Retained earnings 

Total shareholders' equity 
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity 

  $

2014 

2013 

2,238     $
123,804       

3,186  
115,288  

311,108       
20,434       
1,125       
458,709       
366,989       
(189,603 )     
177,386       
16,951       
33,646       
14,056       
700,748     $

3,530     $
91,252       
10,224       
26,971       
131,977       
244,090       
-       
13,249       
30,651       
419,967       

286,371  
12,786  
- 
417,631  
361,368  
(170,484)
190,884  
40,787  
34,535  
13,512  
697,349  

13,090  
126,012  
10,723  
15,808  
165,633  
146,075  
40,104  
13,445  
33,476  
398,733  

-       

- 

126,339       
(549 )     
154,991       
280,781       
700,748     $

124,118  
(437)
174,935  
298,616  
697,349  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these balance sheets. 

43 

   
  
 
    
 
     
       
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
      
        
 
      
        
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
      
        
 
      
        
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
 
 
Olympic Steel, Inc. 
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows 
For The Years Ended December 31, 
(in thousands) 

Cash flows from (used for) operating activities: 

Net income (loss) 
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash from 

operating activities - 

Depreciation and amortization 
Goodwill impairment 
Asset impairment of joint venture real estate 
(Gain) loss on disposition of property and equipment 
Stock-based compensation 
Other long-term assets 
Other long-term liabilities 

Changes in working capital: 

Accounts receivable 
Inventories 
Prepaid expenses and other 
Accounts payable 
Change in outstanding checks 
Accrued payroll and other accrued liabilities 

Net cash from (used for) operating activities 

Cash flows from (used for) investing activities: 

Capital expenditures 
Proceeds from disposition of property and equipment 

Net cash used for investing activities 

Cash flows from (used for) financing activities: 

Credit facility revolver borrowings 
Credit facility revolver repayments 
Principal payments under capital lease obligations 
Term loan repayments 
Industrial revenue bond repayments 
Credit facility fees and expenses 
Proceeds from exercise of stock options (including tax benefits) 

and employee stock purchases 

Dividends paid 

Net cash from (used for) financing activities 

2014 

2013 

2012 

  $

(19,064)   $

7,647     $

2,277  

21,840      
23,836      
-     
248      
2,074      
(386)    
(3,134)    
25,414      

(8,516)    
(24,737)    
(7,648)    
(24,090)    
(10,670)    
10,663      
(64,998)    
(39,584)    

23,582       
-       
-       
169       
1,724       
(3,771 )     
(204 )     
29,147       

(2,447 )     
3,652       
(1,055 )     
9,282       
15,259       
843       
25,534       
54,681       

(7,834)    
68      
(7,766)    

(16,098 )     
20       
(16,078 )     

632,726      
(534,711)    
-     
(48,854)    
(810)    
(1,218)    

147      
(878)    
46,402      

423,232       
(454,732 )     
(1,407 )     
(8,750 )     
(785 )     
(3 )     

122       
(876 )     
(43,199 )     

22,156  
6,583  
36  
(198)
2,342  
(1,619)
(107)
31,470  

9,738  
(12,258)
1,345  
(2,828)
(126)
400  
(3,729)
27,741  

(23,373)
486  
(22,887)

535,360  
(528,190)
(170)
(8,749)
(755)
(1,212)

114  
(873)
(4,475)

Cash and cash equivalents: 

Net change 
Beginning balance 
Ending balance 

(948)    
3,186      
2,238    $

(4,596 )     
7,782       
3,186     $

379  
7,403  
7,782  

  $

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 

44 

  
  
 
   
    
 
      
        
        
 
      
        
        
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
      
        
        
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
   
  
      
        
        
 
      
        
        
 
   
   
   
  
      
        
        
 
      
        
        
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
      
        
        
 
      
        
        
 
   
   
  
  
 
 
Olympic Steel, Inc. 
Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information 
For The Years Ended December 31, 
(in thousands) 

Cash paid during the period 

Interest paid 
Income taxes paid 

2014 

2013 

2012 

  $
  $

5,793    $
4,658    $

5,537     $
7,556     $

7,295  
6,940  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements  

45 

  
  
 
   
    
 
      
        
        
 
  
      
        
        
 
  
  
   
 
 
Olympic Steel, Inc. 
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity 
For The Years Ended December 31,  
(in thousands) 

    Accumulated       
Other  

  Common      Retained      Comprehensive    

Stock 

    Earnings     

Loss  

Total 
    Equity 

Balance at December 31, 2011 

  $ 119,816     $

166,760     $ 

-    $

286,576  

Net income 
Payment of dividends 
Exercise of stock options and employee stock purchases (36 

  $

shares) 

Stock-based compensation 
Change in fair value of interest rate hedge 

-    $
-     

2,277     $ 
(873)    

114      
2,342      
-     

-      
-      
-      

-    $
-     

-     
-     
(579)   

2,277  
(873)

114  
2,342  
(579)

Balance at December 31, 2012 

  $ 122,272     $

168,164     $ 

(579)  $

289,857  

Net income 
Payment of dividends 
Exercise of stock options and employee stock purchases (12 
shares) 
Stock-based compensation 
Change in fair value of interest rate hedge 

  $

-    $
-     

7,647     $ 
(876)    

122      
1,724      
-     

-      
-      
-      

-    $
-     

-     
-     
142      

7,647  
(876)

122  
1,724  
142  

Balance at December 31, 2013 

  $ 124,118     $

174,935     $ 

(437)  $

298,616  

Net income (loss) 
Payment of dividends 
Exercise of stock options and employee stock purchases (7 

  $

shares) 

Stock-based compensation 
Changes in fair value of hedges 
Other 

-    $
 -     

(19,064)  $ 
(878)    

147  
2,074      
-     
 -     

-      

-      
 -      
(2)    

 -    $
-     

 - 

-     
(113)   
1      

(19,064)
(878)

147  
2,074  
(113)
(1)

Balance at December 31, 2014 

  $ 126,339     $

154,991     $ 

(549)  $

280,781 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these statements. 

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Olympic Steel, Inc. 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
For The Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 

1.  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies:

Nature of Business 

The  Company  is  a  leading U.S.  metals  service  center  specializing  in  the processing and distribution of  large  volumes  of 
carbon, coated, aluminum and stainless steel, flat-rolled coil, sheet and plate products and tubular and pipe products from 
facilities throughout the United States. The Company operates in two reportable segments; flat products and tubular and pipe 
products.  In  recent  years  the  Company  has  increased  its  participation  in  the  stainless  and  aluminum  markets,  which  the 
Company refers to as specialty metals. As a result, based on how the chief operating decision maker, or CODM, is expected 
to make decisions, assess performance and allocate resources in the future, the Company expects to disclose three reportable 
segments beginning in the first quarter of 2015. The segments will be flat products, tubular and pipe products, and specialty 
metals. Through its flat products segment, the Company sells and distributes large volumes of processed carbon, coated, 
aluminum and stainless flat-rolled sheet, coil and plate products. Through its tubular and pipe products segment, the Company 
distributes  metals  tubing,  pipe,  bar,  valve  and  fittings  and  the  fabrication  of  pressure  parts  supplied  to  various  industrial 
markets. 

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of presentation 

The  accompanying  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  Olympic  Steel,  Inc.  and  its  wholly-owned 
subsidiaries (collectively, the Company or Olympic), after elimination of intercompany accounts and transactions.  

Accounting Estimates 

The preparation  of  financial  statements in  conformity  with  accounting  principles generally  accepted  in  the United  States 
requires  management  to  make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  and 
disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and 
expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. 

Concentration Risks 

The Company is a major customer of flat-rolled coil and plate and tubular and pipe steel for many of its principal suppliers, 
but  is  not  dependent  on  any  one  supplier.  The  Company  purchased  approximately  43%,  42%,  and  44%  of  its  total  steel 
requirements from its three largest suppliers in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. 

The Company has a diversified customer and geographic base, which reduces the inherent risk and cyclicality of its business. 
The concentration of net sales to the Company’s top 20 customers approximated 29%, 30% and 31% of consolidated net 
sales in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. In addition, the Company’s largest customer accounted for approximately 6%, 
5% and 4% of consolidated net sales in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Sales to industrial machinery and equipment 
manufacturers and their fabricators accounted for 51%, 50% and 50% of consolidated net sales in 2014, 2013 and 2012, 
respectively.  

Cash and Cash Equivalents 

Cash  equivalents  consist  of  short-term  highly  liquid  investments,  with  a  three  month  or  less  maturity,  which  are  readily 
convertible into cash. 

47 

   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
 
 
Fair Market Value  

Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or 
most  advantageous  market  for  the  liability  in  an  orderly  transaction  between  market  participants  on  the  measurement 
date.  Valuation techniques must maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs.  To 
measure fair value, the Company applies a fair value hierarchy that is based on three levels of inputs, of which the first two 
are considered observable and the last unobservable, as follows:  

Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.  

Level 2 – Inputs other than Level 1 that are observable, either directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices for similar 
assets  or  liabilities;  quoted  prices  that  are  not  active;  or  other  inputs  that  are  observable  or  can  be  corroborated  by 
observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.  

Level 3 – Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value 
of the assets or liabilities.  

Financial  instruments,  such  as  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  accounts  receivable,  accounts  payable  and  the  credit  facility 
revolver, are stated at their carrying value, which is a reasonable estimate of fair value. The fair value of marketable securities 
is based on quoted market prices. 

Accounts Receivable 

The  Company’s  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  is  maintained  at  a  level  considered  appropriate  based  on  historical 
experience and specific customer collection issues that the Company has identified. Estimations are based upon a calculated 
percentage of accounts receivable, which remains fairly level from year to year, and judgments about the probable effects of 
economic  conditions  on  certain  customers,  which  can  fluctuate  significantly  from  year  to  year.  The  Company  cannot 
guarantee that the rate of future credit losses will be similar to past experience. 

Inventories 

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market and include the costs of purchased metals, inbound freight, external 
processing and applicable labor and overhead costs. Costs of our flat products segment’s inventories, including flat-rolled 
sheet, coil and plate products are determined using the specific identification method.  

Certain  of  the  Company’s  tubular  and  pipe  products  inventory  is  stated  under  the  last-in,  first-out  (LIFO)  method.  At 
December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013, approximately $46.6 million, or 15.0% of consolidated inventory, and $43.9 
million, or 15.3% of consolidated inventory, respectively, was reported under the LIFO method of accounting. The cost of 
the remainder of tubular and pipe product segment’s inventory is determined using a weighted average rolling first-in, first-
out (FIFO) method. 

On the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, “Cost of materials sold (exclusive of items shown separately 
below)” consists of the cost of purchased metals, inbound and internal transfer freight, external processing costs, and LIFO 
income or expense.  

Property and Equipment, and Depreciation 

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Depreciation is provided using the straight-line method over the estimated useful 
lives of the assets ranging from two to 30 years. The Company capitalizes the costs of obtaining or developing internal-use 
software, including directly related payroll costs. The Company amortizes those costs over five years, beginning when the 
software is ready for its intended use.  

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets 

Goodwill  represents  the  excess  of  the  purchase  price  paid  over  the  fair  value  of  the  net  assets  acquired.  The  Company 
performs  an  annual  impairment  test  of  goodwill  for  our  Integrity  Stainless  and  tubular  and  pipe  products  segment  and 
indefinite-lived intangible assets for the tubular and pipe products segment in the fourth quarter, or more frequently if changes 
in circumstances or the occurrence of events indicate potential impairment. Events or changes in circumstances that could 
trigger  an  impairment  review  include  significant  nonperformance  relative  to  the  expected  historical  or  projected  future 
48 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
operating results, significant changes in the manner of the use of the acquired assets or the strategy for the overall business 
or significant negative industry or economic trends. Management uses judgment to determine whether to use a qualitative 
analysis or a quantitative fair value measurement for each of the Company’s reporting units that carry goodwill.  

If a quantitative fair value measurement is used, the fair value of each indefinite-lived intangible asset is compared to its 
carrying  value  and  an  impairment  charge  is  recorded  if  the  carrying  value  exceeds  the  fair  value.  Goodwill  is  tested  by 
comparing the fair value of each reporting unit with its carrying value. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its 
fair value, the implied value of goodwill is compared to its carrying value and impairment is recognized to the extent that the 
carrying value exceeds the implied fair value. 

The Company estimates the fair value of goodwill and other indefinite-lived intangible assets using a discounted cash flow 
methodology, an income approach, and a publicly traded companies guideline method, a market approach. Management’s 
assumptions used for the calculations are based on historical results, projected financial information and recent economic 
events. Actual results could differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions which could adversely 
affect the reported value of goodwill.  

During  the  fourth  quarter  of  2014,  the  Company  engaged  an  independent  third  party  valuation  expert  to  assist  with  the 
completion  of  the  annual  goodwill  impairment  testing  pursuant  ASC  Topic  350-20-35,  “Goodwill  –  Subsequent 
measurement.” Due to challenging market conditions, the Company’s recent financial performance and the decrease of the 
Company’s market capitalization, the Company decided to perform the two-step quantitative impairment test by comparing 
the fair value of the Integrity Stainless and tubular and pipe products segment with its carrying value.  

The first step of the goodwill impairment test showed that the fair value of the Integrity Stainless operations was in excess of 
its carrying value and no goodwill impairment was identified. For the Company’s tubular and pipe products segment, it was 
determined that the carrying value of the operations was in excess of the fair value and a potential goodwill impairment was 
identified. Based on the second step of the impairment test, the Company concluded that the implied fair value of goodwill 
for the tubular and pipe products segment was less than its carrying value and a goodwill impairment of $23.8 million was 
identified and recognized.  

Income Taxes 

The  Company,  on  its  consolidated  balance  sheets,  records  as  an  offset  to  the  estimated  effect  of  temporary  differences 
between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and the reported amounts in its consolidated balance sheets, the tax effect of 
operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. If the Company determines that it will not be able to fully realize a deferred tax 
asset, it will record a valuation allowance to reduce such deferred tax asset to its realizable value. The Company recognizes 
interest accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. Penalties, if incurred, would be recognized as a 
component of administrative and general expense. 

Revenue Recognition 

For both direct and toll shipments, revenue is recognized when title and risk of loss is transferred, which generally occurs 
upon delivery to our customers. Given the proximity of the Company’s customers to its facilities, substantially all of the 
Company’s sales are shipped and received within one day. Sales returns and allowances are treated as reductions to sales and 
are  provided  for  based  on  historical  experience  and  current  estimates  and  are  immaterial  to  the  consolidated  financial 
statements.  

The engineered products produced by Chicago Tube and Iron Company (CTI) typically take several months to produce due 
to their size and complexity. Substantially all projects are completed within six months. The Company may request advance 
payments  from  customers  during  the  production  of  these  products.  These  payments  are  included  in  current  short-term 
liabilities  on  the  Company’s  Consolidated  Balance  Sheet.  Due  to  their  short-term  nature,  the  Company  uses  the  units  of 
delivery method to account for these contracts. Revenue for the contracts is recognized when the product is shipped and title 
of the product transfers to the customers. Revenues for these engineered products accounted for approximately 1.7%, 1.9% 
and 1.3% of our net sales during 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.  

Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs 

Amounts  charged  to  customers  for  shipping  and  other  transportation  services  are  included  in  net  sales.  The  distribution 
expense line on the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income is entirely comprised of all shipping 
and other transportation costs incurred by the Company in shipping goods to its customers. 

49 

    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
Recoverability of Long-lived Assets 

The Company evaluates the recoverability of long-lived assets and the related estimated remaining lives whenever events or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Events or changes in circumstances that 
could  trigger  an  impairment  review  include  significant  underperformance  relative  to  the  expected  historical  or  projected 
future operating results, significant changes in the manner of the use of the acquired assets or the strategy for the overall 
business or significant negative industry or economic trends. The Company records an impairment or change in useful life 
whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable or the useful life has 
changed.  

Due to the impairment of the tubular and pipe products segment’s goodwill, a triggering event occurred for the Company’s 
long-lived  assets.  We  performed  an  undiscounted  cash  flow  analysis  which  indicated  that  there  were  no  indicators  of 
impairment of the long-lived assets of the Company.  

Stock-Based Compensation 

The Company records compensation expense for stock options issued to employees and directors. The Company has elected 
to use the modified prospective transition method where compensation expense is recorded prospectively. For additional 
information, see Note 11, Equity Plans. 

Impact of Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements  

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with 
Customers.”  This  ASU  is  a  joint  project  initiated  by  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board  and  the  International 
Accounting Standards Board to clarify the principles for recognizing revenue and to develop a common revenue standard for 
U.S.  generally  accepted  accounting  principles  and  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  that  will  remove 
inconsistencies and weaknesses in revenue requirements; provide a more robust framework for addressing revenue issues; 
improve comparability of revenue recognition practices across entities, industries, jurisdictions and capital markets; provide 
more  useful  information  to  users  of  financial  statements  through  improved  disclosure  requirements;  and  simplify  the 
preparation of financial statements by reducing the number of requirements to which an entity must refer. The guidance is 
effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within that reporting 
period. The Company is in the process of determining the method of adoption and assessing the impact of this ASU on its 
consolidated financial statements.  

In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-15, “Presentation of Financial Statements – Going Concern”. This ASU 
contains new guidance on management’s responsibility to evaluate whether there is substantial doubt about an entity’s ability 
to continue as a going concern and to provide related footnote disclosures. Management must evaluate whether it is probable 
that  known  conditions  or  events,  considered  in  the  aggregate,  would  raise  substantial  doubt  about  the  entity’s  ability  to 
continue as a going concern within one year after the date that the financial statements are issued. If such conditions or events 
are identified, the standard requires management's mitigation plans to alleviate the doubt or a statement of the substantial 
doubt about the entity’s ability to continue as a going concern to be disclosed in the financial statements. This ASU is effective 
for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this 
ASU is not expected to impact the Company’s consolidated financial statements. 

2.  Accounts Receivable: 

Accounts receivable are presented net of allowances for doubtful accounts and unissued credits of $2.9 million and $3.2 
million as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Bad debt expense totaled $467 thousand in 2014, $83 thousand in 
2013 and $322 thousand in 2012. 

The  Company’s  allowance  for  doubtful  accounts  is  maintained  at  a  level  considered  appropriate  based  on  historical 
experience and specific customer collection issues that the Company has identified. Estimations are based upon a calculated 
percentage of accounts receivable, which remains fairly level from year to year, and judgments about the probable effects of 
economic  conditions  on  certain  customers,  which  can  fluctuate  significantly  from  year  to  year.  The  Company  cannot 
guarantee  that  the  rate  of  future  credit  losses  will  be  similar  to  past  experience.  The  Company  considers  all  available 
information when assessing the adequacy of its allowance for doubtful accounts. 

50 

  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
 
 
3.  Inventories: 

Inventories consisted of the following: 

(in thousands) 
Unprocessed 
Processed and finished 

Totals 

  As of December 31,     As of December 31,   

2014

2013 

  $

  $

238,226     $
72,882      
311,108     $

219,401   
66,970   
286,371   

During 2014, the Company recorded $365 thousand of LIFO expense as a result of increased metals pricing during 2014. 
The LIFO expense decreased the Company’s inventory balance and increased its cost of materials sold.  

During 2013, the Company recorded $3.6 million of LIFO income as a result of the continued decline of metals pricing in 
2013. The LIFO income increased the Company’s inventory balance and decreased its cost of materials sold. In the first 
quarter of 2013, the Company made an out-of-period adjustment to record previously unrecognized LIFO income of $1.9 
million, which resulted in an increase to after-tax income of $1.2 million.  The Company determined that this adjustment was 
not material to its 2013 or prior period consolidated financial statements. 

If  the  FIFO  method  had  been  in  use,  inventories  would  have  been  $3.2  million  and  $3.6  million  lower  than  reported  at 
December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. 

4.  Property and Equipment: 

Property and equipment consists of the following: 

(in thousands) 

Land 
Land improvements 
Buildings and improvements 
Machinery and equipment 
Furniture and fixtures 
Computer software and equipment 
Vehicles 
Construction in progress 

Less accumulated depreciation 
Net property and equipment 

Depreciable 
Lives

December 31, 
2014

December 31, 
2013 

-    $
5-10     
7-30     
2-15     
3-7     
2-5     
2-5     
-     

     $

16,001     $ 
2,764       
131,107       
181,378       
6,550       
26,842       
1,247       
1,100       
366,989       
(189,603)     
177,386     $ 

16,193  
2,650  
132,299  
172,671  
6,422  
25,844  
1,220  
4,069  
361,368  
(170,484)
190,884  

Leasehold improvements are included with buildings and improvements and are depreciated over the life of the lease or seven 
years, whichever is less. 

Construction in progress, as of December 31, 2014, primarily consisted of payments for additional processing equipment at 
our existing facilities that was not yet placed into service. 

51 

  
   
  
 
   
  
   
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
 
   
    
 
  
      
        
        
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
   
      
   
      
   
  
  
  
 
 
5.  Intangible Assets: 

Intangible assets, net, consisted of the following as of December 31, 2014 and 2013: 

(in thousands) 

December 31, 2014 

Gross 
Carrying 
Amount

    Accumulated 
Amortization 

Intangible 
Assets, Net

Customer relationships - subject to amortization    $
Trade name - not subject to amortization 

  $

13,332     $
23,425      
36,757     $

(3,111)   $ 
-      
(3,111)   $ 

10,221  
23,425  
33,646  

(in thousands) 

December 31, 2013 

Gross 
Carrying 
Amount

    Accumulated 
Amortization 

Intangible 
Assets, Net

Customer relationships - subject to amortization    $
Trade name - not subject to amortization 

  $

13,332     $
23,425      
36,757     $

(2,222)   $ 
-      
(2,222)   $ 

11,110  
23,425  
34,535  

All of the Company’s intangible assets were recorded in connection with its July 1, 2011 acquisition of CTI. The intangible 
assets noted above were evaluated on the premise of highest and best use to a market participant, primarily utilizing the 
income approach valuation methodology. The useful life of the CTI trade name was determined to be indefinite primarily 
due to its history and reputation in the marketplace, the Company’s expectation that the CTI trade name will continue to be 
used throughout the life of CTI, and the conclusion that there are currently no other factors identified that would limit its 
useful  life.  The  useful  life  of  the  CTI  customer  relationships  was  determined  to  be  fifteen  years,  based  primarily  on  the 
consistent and predictable revenue source associated with the existing CTI customer base, the present value of which extends 
through  the  fifteen  year  amortization  period.  The  Company  will  continue  to  evaluate  the  useful  life  assigned  to  our 
amortizable customer relationships in future periods. 

Due to the impairment of the tubular and pipe segment’s goodwill, a triggering event occurred for the intangible assets subject 
to amortization and an impairment test was completed. Additionally, the indefinite lived intangible asset was subject to the 
Company’s annual impairment test. These tests revealed no impairment to the Company’s intangible assets.  

The Company estimates that amortization expense for its intangible assets subject to amortization will be $0.9 million per 
year in each of the next five years. 

6.  Goodwill: 

In  accordance with  the Accounting  Standards  Codification (ASC), on  an  annual basis,  an  impairment  test  of goodwill  is 
performed in the fourth quarter or more frequently if changes in circumstances or the occurrence of events indicate potential 
impairment. Events or changes in circumstances that could trigger an impairment review include significant nonperformance 
relative to the expected historical or projected future operating results, significant changes in the manner of the use of the 
acquired assets or the strategy for the overall business or significant negative industry or economic trends.  

During  the  fourth  quarter  of  2014,  the  Company  engaged  an  independent  third  party  valuation  expert  to  assist  with  the 
completion  of  the  annual  goodwill  impairment  testing  pursuant  ASC  Topic  350-20-35,  “Goodwill  –  Subsequent 
measurement.” Due to challenging fourth quarter market conditions, the Company’s recent financial performance and the 
decrease of the Company’s market capitalization, the Company decided to perform the two-step quantitative impairment test 
by comparing the fair value of the Integrity Stainless and tubular and pipe products segment with its carrying value.  

The first step of the goodwill impairment test showed that the fair value of the Integrity Stainless operations was in excess of 
its carrying value and no goodwill impairment was identified. For the Company’s tubular and pipe products segment, it was 
determined that the carrying value of the operations was in excess of the fair value and a potential goodwill impairment was 
identified. Based on the second step of the impairment test, the Company concluded that the implied fair value of goodwill 

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for the tubular and pipe products segment was less than its carrying value and a goodwill impairment of $23.8 million was 
recorded.  

The determination of fair value of the reporting units used to perform the first step of the impairment test requires judgment 
and involves significant estimates and assumptions about the expected future cash flows and the impact of market conditions 
on those assumptions. Due to the inherent uncertainty associated with these estimates, actual results could differ materially 
from  these  estimates.  Although  management  believes  the  assumptions  used  in  testing  the  Company’s  reporting  units’ 
goodwill for impairment are reasonable, it is possible that market and economic conditions could deteriorate further or not 
improve  as  expected.  Additional declines  in  or  a  lack  of recovery  in  market  conditions  from  current  levels,  weaker  than 
anticipated  Company  financial  performance, or  an  increase  in  the  market-based weighted  average  cost  of  capital,  among 
other factors, could significantly impact the impairment analysis and may result in further goodwill impairment charges that, 
if incurred, could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition and results of operations. A 1% change 
to the weighted average cost of capital would impact the goodwill impairment by $16 million to $20 million and a 1% change 
in the terminal growth rate would impact the goodwill impairment by $10 million to $13 million. 

Goodwill, by reportable segment, was as follows as of December 31, 2014 and 2013: 

(in thousands) 
Balance as of December 31, 2012 

Acquisitions 
Impairments  

Balance as of December 31, 2013 

Acquisitions 
Impairments 

Balance as of December 31, 2014 

Flat Products

Tubular and Pipe 
Products 

Total

  $

  $

  $

500     $
-     
-     
500     $
-     
-     
500     $

40,287     $ 
-      
-      
40,287     $ 
-      
(23,836)     
16,451     $ 

40,787  
- 
- 
40,787  
- 
(23,836)
16,951  

The goodwill is not deductible for income tax purposes. The goodwill represents the excess of cost over the fair value of net 
tangible and intangible assets acquired. The Company paid goodwill in conjunction with the acquisitions, as they enhance 
the Company’s commercial opportunities by adding new product offerings to an expanded customer base and by increasing 
the Company’s distribution footprint. 

7.  Debt: 

The Company’s debt is comprised of the following components: 

(in thousands) 
Asset-based revolving credit facility due June 30, 2019 
Asset-based revolving credit facility due June 30, 2016 
Term loan due June 30, 2016 
Industrial revenue bond due April 1, 2018 
Total debt 

Less current amount 

Total long-term debt 

As of 

  December 31, 

     December 31, 

2014

2013

  $

  $

244,090     $ 
-      
-      
3,530       
247,620       
(3,530)     
244,090     $ 

- 
146,075  
48,854  
4,340  
199,269  
(13,090)
186,179  

On  June  30,  2014,  the  Company  amended  its  existing  asset-based  credit  facility  (ABL  Credit  Facility).  The  ABL  Credit 
Facility amendment provides for, among other things: (i) a reduction in the applicable margin for loans under the Company’s 
Loan and Security Agreement; (ii) a consolidation of the previous $315.0 million revolver and then outstanding $44.5 million 
term  loan  into  a  $365  million  revolving  credit  facility;  (iii)  the  removal  of  the  Company’s  real  estate  as  collateral  for 
borrowings; and (iv) the extension of the maturity date until June 30, 2019. Revolver borrowings are limited to the lesser of 
a borrowing base, comprised of eligible receivables and inventories, or $365 million in the aggregate. The ABL Credit Facility 
matures on June 30, 2019.  

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The ABL Credit Facility requires the Company to comply with various covenants, the most significant of which include: (i) 
until maturity of the ABL Credit Facility, if any commitments or obligations are outstanding and the Company’s availability 
is less than the greater of $30 million or 10.0% of the aggregate amount of revolver commitments ($36.5 million at December 
31, 2014) then the Company must maintain a ratio of EBITDA minus certain capital expenditures and cash taxes paid to fixed 
charges of at least 1.00 to 1.00 for the most recent twelve fiscal month period; (ii) limitations on dividend payments; and (iii) 
restrictions on additional indebtedness. The Company has the option to borrow under its revolver based on the agent’s base 
rate plus a premium ranging from 0.00% to 0.25% or the London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus a premium ranging 
from 1.25% to 3.00%.  

As  of  December  31,  2014,  the  Company  was  in  compliance  with  its  covenants  and  had  approximately  $98  million  of 
availability under the ABL Credit Facility.  

As of December 31, 2014, $3.5 million of bank financing fees, including $1.2 million related to the amendment of the ABL 
Credit  Facility,  were  included  in  “Prepaid  expenses  and  other”  and  “Other  long-term  assets”  on  the  accompanying 
Consolidated Balance Sheets. The financing fees are being amortized over the five-year term of the ABL Credit facility and 
are  included  in  “Interest  and  other  expense  on  debt”  on  the  accompanying  Consolidated  Statements  of  Comprehensive 
Income. 

In June 2012, the Company entered into a forward starting fixed rate interest rate hedge that commenced June 2013, in order 
to eliminate the variability of cash interest payments on $53.2 million of then outstanding LIBOR-based borrowings under 
the ABL Credit Facility. The hedge matures on June 1, 2016 and the notional amount is reduced monthly by $729 thousand. 
The  hedged  balance  as  of  December  31,  2014  was  $40.1  million.  The  interest  rate  hedge  fixed  the  rate  at  1.21%  plus  a 
premium ranging from 1.75% to 2.25%. Although the Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by 
the other parties to the interest rate hedge agreement, the Company anticipates performance by the counterparties.  

As part of CTI acquisition in July 2011, the Company assumed approximately $5.9 million of Industrial Revenue Bond (IRB) 
indebtedness  issued  through the  Stanly  County,  North  Carolina  Industrial  Revenue  and  Pollution  Control  Authority.  The 
bond  matures in April  2018,  with  the  option  to provide  principal  payments  annually  on April 1st. On April 1,  2014,  the 
Company  paid  an  optional  principal  payment  of  $810  thousand.  Since  the  IRB  is  remarketed  annually,  it  is  included  in 
“Current portion of long-term debt” on the accompanying Consolidated Balance Sheets. Interest is payable monthly, with a 
variable rate that resets weekly. As a security for payment of the bonds, the Company obtained a direct pay letter of credit 
issued by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. The letter of credit reduces annually by the principal reduction amount. The interest 
rate at December 31, 2014 was 0.16% for the IRB debt. 

CTI  entered  into  an  interest  rate  swap  agreement  to  reduce  the  impact  of  changes  in  interest rates on  the  above IRB.  At 
December 31, 2014, the effect of the swap agreement on the bond was to fix the rate at 3.46%. The swap agreement matures 
in  April  2018,  and  is  reduced  annually  by  the  amount  of  the  optional  principal  payments  on  the  bond.  The  Company  is 
exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other parties to the interest rate swap agreement. However, the 
Company does not anticipate nonperformance by the counterparties. 

Scheduled Debt Maturities, Interest, Debt Carrying Values 

The Company’s principal payments over the next five years and thereafter are detailed in the table below: 

(in thousands) 
Revolver 
Industrial revenue bond 
Total principal payments 

   2015 
  $ 

2016    

2017    

-    $
865      
865     $

-    $
895      
895     $

2018    

2019 
-    $ 244,090     $ 
930      
-       
930     $ 244,090     $ 

-    $
840      
840     $

  $ 

    Thereafter    Total

-    $ 244,090  
-     
3,530  
-    $ 247,620  

The overall effective interest rate for all debt, exclusive of deferred financing fees and deferred commitment fees, amounted 
to 2.4%, 2.3% and 2.7% in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Interest paid totaled $5.8 million, $5.5 million and $7.3 million 
for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. Average total debt outstanding was $234.7 million, 
$219.2 million and $254.2 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.  

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8.  Derivative Instruments: 

Metals swaps 

During 2014, 2013 and 2012, the Company entered into nickel swaps indexed to the London Metal Exchange (LME) price 
of nickel with third-party brokers. In 2014, the Company entered into carbon swaps indexed to the New York Mercantile 
Exchange (NYMEX) price of U.S. Midwest Domestic Hot-Rolled Coil Steel with third-party brokers. The nickel and carbon 
swaps are treated as derivatives for accounting purposes. The Company entered into the swaps to mitigate its customers’ risk 
of volatility in the price of metals. The outstanding nickel swaps have one to seventeen months remaining and the outstanding 
carbon swaps have one to twelve months remaining. The swaps are settled with the brokers at maturity. The economic benefit 
or loss arising from the changes in fair value of the swaps is contractually passed through to the customer. The primary risk 
associated with the metals swaps is the ability of customers or third-party brokers to honor their agreements with the Company 
related to derivative instruments. If the customer or third-party brokers are unable to honor their agreements, the Company’s 
risk of loss is the fair value of the metals swaps. 

While these derivatives are intended to help the Company manage risk, they have not been designated as hedging instruments. 
The periodic changes in fair value of the metals and embedded customer derivative instruments are included in “Cost of 
materials sold” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The Company recognizes derivative positions 
with both the customer and the third party for the derivatives and classifies cash settlement amounts associated with them as 
part of “Cost of materials sold” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The cumulative change in fair 
value of the metals swaps that have not yet settled are included in “Other accrued liabilities”, and the embedded customer 
derivatives are included in “Accounts receivable, net” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2014 and 2013.  

In 2014, the Company entered into carbon swaps to mitigate its risk of volatility in the price of metals. The swaps are indexed 
to the NYMEX price of U.S. Midwest Domestic Hot-Rolled Coil Steel with third-party brokers. The outstanding carbon 
swaps have four to twelve months remaining. The metals swaps are accounted for as cash flow hedges and are included in 
“Other accrued liabilities” and “Prepaid expenses and other” on the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2014. The 
periodic  change  in  fair  value  of  the  metals  hedges  are  included  in  “Accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss”  on  the 
Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2014. 

Interest rate swap 

CTI  entered  into  an  interest  rate  swap  to  reduce  the  impact  of  changes  in  interest  rates  on  its IRB.  The  swap  agreement 
matures April 2018, the same time as the IRB, but the notional amount is reduced annually by the optional principal payments 
on the IRB. Although the Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other parties to the interest 
rate swap agreement, the Company anticipates performance by the counterparties. The interest rate swap is not treated as a 
hedging instrument for accounting purposes. 

The periodic changes in fair value of the interest rate swap and cash settlement amounts associated with the interest rate swap 
are included in “Interest and other expense on debt” in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. 

Fixed rate interest rate hedge 

In June 2012, the Company entered into a forward starting fixed rate interest rate hedge that commenced June 2013 in order 
to eliminate the variability of cash interest payments on $53.2 million of the outstanding LIBOR-based borrowings under the 
ABL Credit Facility. The balance as of December 31, 2014 was $40.1 million. The hedge matures on June 1, 2016 and the 
notional amount is reduced monthly by $729 thousand. The interest rate hedge fixed the rate at 1.21% plus a premium ranging 
from 1.25% to 1.75%. Although the Company is exposed to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other parties 
to the interest rate hedge agreement, the Company anticipates performance by the counterparties. The fixed interest rate hedge 
is accounted for as a cash flow hedging instrument for accounting purposes.  

55 

  
  
    
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
The table below shows the total net gain or (loss) recognized in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive 
Income of the derivatives for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. 

(in thousands) 
Interest rate swap (CTI) 
Fixed interest rate swap (ABL) 
Metals swaps 
Embedded customer derivatives 
Total gain (loss) 

  $

  $

Net Gain (Loss) Recognized 
2013

2012 

2014

(100)   $
(472)    
622      
(934)    
(884)   $

(167)   $ 
(309)     
(1,037)     
1,037       
(476)   $ 

(46)
- 
(113)
113  
(46)

9.  Fair Value of Assets and Liabilities: 

The Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, short-term trade receivables, derivative instruments, 
accounts payable and debt instruments. For short-term instruments, other than those required to be reported at fair value on 
a recurring basis and for which additional disclosures are included below, management concluded the historical carrying 
value is a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the short period of time between the origination of such instruments 
and their expected realization. 

During 2014 and 2013, there were no transfers of financial assets between Levels 1, 2 or 3 fair value measurements. There 
have been no changes in the methodologies used at December 31, 2014 and December 31, 2013. Following is a description 
of  the  valuation  methodologies  used  for  assets  and  liabilities  measured  at  fair  value  as  of  December  31,  2014  and 
December 31, 2013: 

Metals swaps and embedded customer derivatives – Determined by using Level 2 inputs that include the price of 
nickel  indexed  to  the  LME  and  the  price  of  Hot  Rolled  Coil  Steel  indexed  to  the  NYMEX.  The  fair  value  is 
determined based on quoted market prices and reflects the estimated amounts the Company would pay or receive to 
terminate the nickel swaps.  

Interest rate swap – Based on the present value of the expected future cash flows, considering the risks involved, 
and using discount rates appropriate for the maturity date. Market observable Level 2 inputs are used to determine 
the present value of future cash flows. 

The following table presents information about the Company’s assets and liabilities that were measured at fair value on a 
recurring basis and indicates the fair value hierarchy of the valuation techniques utilized by the Company: 

(in thousands)  
Assets:  
Embedded customer derivatives  
Total assets at fair value  

Liabilities:  
Metals swaps  
Interest rate swap (CTI)  
Fixed interest rate swap (ABL)  
Total liabilities recorded at fair value 

(in thousands)  
Liabilities:  
IRB  
ABL Credit Facility  
Total liabilities not recorded at fair value 

Value of Items Recorded at Fair Value
As of December 31, 2014 

  Level 1 

    Level 2 

    Level 3       

Total 

  $
  $

  $

  $

-    $
-    $

-    $
-     
-     
-    $

487     $
487     $

487     $
178      
386      
1,051     $

-    $
-    $

-    $
-      
-      
-    $

487  
487 

487  
178  
386  
1,051 

Value of Items Not Recorded at Fair Value
As of December 31, 2014 

  Level 1 

    Level 2 

    Level 3       

Total 

3,530     $
-     
3,530     $

-    $
244,090      
244,090     $

3,530 
-    $ 
-      
244,090 
-    $  247,620 

  $

  $

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The value of the items not recorded at fair value represent the carrying value of the liabilities. 

(in thousands)  
Assets:  
Embedded customer derivatives  
Total assets at fair value  

Liabilities:  
Metals swaps  
Interest rate swap (CTI)  
Fixed interest rate swap (ABL)  
Total liabilities recorded at fair value 

(in thousands)  
Liabilities:  
IRB  
Term loan  
ABL Credit Facility  
Total liabilities not recorded at fair value 

Value of Items Recorded at Fair Value 
As of December 31, 2013 

  Level 1 

    Level 2 

    Level 3       

Total 

  $
  $

  $

  $

-    $
-    $

-    $
-     
-     
-    $

614     $
614     $

614     $
279      
710      
1,603     $

-    $
-    $

-    $
-      
-      
-    $

614  
614 

614  
279  
710  
1,603 

Value of Items Not Recorded at Fair Value
As of December 31, 2013 

  Level 1 

    Level 2 

    Level 3       

Total 

  $

  $

4,340     $
-     
-     
4,340     $

-    $
48,854      
146,075      
194,929     $

-    $
-      
-      
-    $

4,340  
48,854  
146,075  
199,269 

The value of the items not recorded at fair value represent the carrying value of the liabilities. 

The fair value of the IRB is determined using Level 1 inputs. The carrying value and the fair value of the IRB that qualify as 
financial instruments were $3.5 million and $4.3 million, respectively, at December 31, 2014 and 2013.  

The fair values of the revolver and term loan are determined using Level 2 inputs. The carrying value of the revolver was 
$244.1 million at December 31, 2014. The carrying values of the revolver and the term loan were $146.1 million and $48.9 
million, respectively, at December 31, 2013. The Level 2 fair value of the Company's long-term debt was estimated using 
prevailing market interest rates on debt with similar creditworthiness, terms and maturities. 

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonreccuring Basis

  12/31/2014     Level 1     Level 2      Level 3 

    Total Gain/ 
(Loss)

Goodwill (tubular and pipe products segment)  

  $

16,451     $

Total 

  $

16,451     $

-    $

-    $

-    $

16,451     $

(23,836)

-    $

16,451     $

(23,836)

The fair value of Goodwill is using level 3 inputs. See note 6 for the key assumptions in determining fair value. 

10.  Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss:

In June 2012, the Company entered into a forward starting fixed rate interest rate hedge commencing July 2013 in order to 
eliminate the variability of cash interest payments on $53.2 million of the outstanding LIBOR-based borrowings under the 
ABL Credit Facility. The hedge matures on June 1, 2016 and the notional amount is reduced monthly by $729 thousand. The 
balance as of December 31, 2014 was $40.1 million. The fixed rate interest rate hedge is accounted for as a cash flow hedging 
instrument for accounting purposes. The fair value of the interest rate hedge is included in “Accumulated other comprehensive 
loss” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.  

During 2014, the Company entered into carbon swaps indexed to the NYMEX price of U.S. Midwest Domestic Hot-Rolled 
Coil Steel with third party brokers. The Company entered into the carbon swaps in order to mitigate the volatility in the price 
of metals. The carbon swaps are accounted for as cash flow hedges and are included in “Other current assets” and “Other 

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current liabilities” on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2014. The change in the fair value of the 
carbon swaps is included in “Accumulated other comprehensive loss” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. 

11.  Equity Plans: 

Stock Options 

The following table summarizes stock-based award activity during the year ended December 31, 2014: 

   Number of   Weighted Average  Contractual Term   
   Options

   Exercise Price

(in years) 

  Aggregate Intrinsic 
Value
(in thousands)

 Weighted Average   
Remaining 

Outstanding at December 31, 2013 
Granted 
Exercised 
Canceled 
Outstanding at December 31, 2014 
Exercisable at December 31, 2014 

27,170   $
-   
(7,000)  
-   
20,170   $
20,170   $

27.40   
-   
12.32   
-   
32.63   
32.63   

2.3   $ 
2.3   $ 

- 
- 

There were 7,000, 11,667 and 4,168 stock options exercised during 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively. The total intrinsic 
value  of  stock  options  exercised  during  the  years  ended  December  31,  2014,  2013  and  2012  was  $103  thousand,  $218 
thousand  and $56  thousand, respectively. Net  cash  proceeds from  the  exercise of  stock options,  exclusive of  income  tax 
benefits,  were  $86  thousand,  $86  thousand  and  $34  thousand  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2014,  2013  and  2012, 
respectively. Income tax benefits of $40 thousand, $83 thousand and $21 thousand were realized from stock option exercises 
during the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.  

Restricted Stock Units  

Pursuant to the Olympic Steel 2007 Omnibus Incentive Plan (Plan), the Company may grant stock options, stock appreciation 
rights, restricted shares, restricted share units, performance shares, and other stock- and cash-based awards to employees and 
Directors of, and consultants to, the Company and its affiliates. Under the Plan, 500,000 shares of common stock are available 
for equity grants. 

On March 1, 2014, the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors approved the grant of 2,544 restricted 
stock units (RSUs) to each non-employee Director. In addition, on each of January 2, 2013 and January 3, 2012, the grant of 
1,800 RSUs to each non-employee Director was approved. Subject to the terms of the Plan and the RSU agreement, the RSUs 
vest after one year of service (from the date of grant). The RSUs are not converted into shares of common stock until the 
Director either resigns or is terminated from the Board of Directors. 

The fair value of each RSU was estimated to be the closing price of the Company’s common stock on the date of the grant, 
which was $27.51, $23.41 and $25.55 for the grants on March 1, 2014, January 2, 2013 and January 3, 2012, respectively. 

The  Company’s  Senior  Management  Compensation  Program  includes  an  equity  component  in  order  to  encourage  more 
ownership  of  common  stock  by  the  senior  management.  The  Senior  Management  Compensation  Program  imposes  stock 
ownership requirements upon the participants. Each participant is required to own at least 750 shares of common stock for 
each year that the participant participates in the Senior Management Compensation Program. Any participant that fails to 
meet  the  stock  ownership  requirements  will  be  ineligible  to  receive  any  equity  awards  under  the  Company’s  equity 
compensation plans, including the Plan, until the participant satisfies the ownership requirements. To assist participants in 
meeting the stock ownership requirements, on an annual basis, if a participant purchases 500 shares of common stock on the 
open  market,  the  Company  will  award  that  participant  250  shares  of  common  stock.  During  2014,  2013  and  2012,  the 
Company matched 9,875, 8,500 and 7,250 shares, respectively. Additionally, any participant who continues to comply with 
the stock ownership requirements as of the five-year, 10-year, 15-year, 20-year and 25-year anniversaries of the participant’s 
participation in the Senior Management Compensation Program will receive a restricted stock unit award with a dollar value 
of $25 thousand, $50 thousand, $75 thousand, $100 thousand and $100 thousand, respectively. Restricted stock unit awards 
will convert into the right to receive shares of common stock upon a participant’s retirement, or earlier upon the executive’s 
death or disability or upon a change in control of the Company.   

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In recognition of their performance and dedicated years of service, on December 31, 2011, the Compensation Committee of 
the Board of Directors granted 81,475 RSUs to Messrs. Siegal, Wolfort and Marabito. The RSUs have a vesting period of 
five years and will be fully vested on December 31, 2016. Except in limited circumstances, the RSUs will not convert into 
shares of common stock until the retirements of Messrs. Siegal, Wolfort and Marabito, respectively. These RSUs are not a 
part of the 2011 Senior Management Compensation Program discussed above. The fair value of each RSU was estimated to 
be the closing price of the common stock on the date of the grant, which was $23.32 on December 31, 2011. 

Stock-based compensation expense recognized on RSUs is summarized in the following table: 

(in thousands) 
RSU expense before taxes 
RSU expense after taxes 
Impact per basic share 
Impact per diluted share 

  $
  $
  $
  $

For the years ended December 31, 
2013

2012 

2014

1,252    $
774    $
0.07    $
0.07    $

936     $ 
554     $ 
0.05     $ 
0.05     $ 

1,238  
278  
0.03  
0.03  

All  pre-tax  charges  related  to  RSUs  were  included  in  the  caption  “Administrative  and  general”  on  the  accompanying 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. 

The following table summarizes the activity related to RSUs for the twelve months ended December 31, 2014: 

Outstanding at December 31, 2013 
Granted 
Converted into shares 
Forfeited 
Outstanding at December 31, 2014 
Vested at December 31, 2014 

Number of 
Shares

Weighted 
Average Exercise 
Price

Aggregate 
Intrinsic Value 
(in thousands)

209,389     $
35,939     $
(6,805)   $
(500)   $
238,023     $
227,002     $

24.58       
27.13       
19.55       
22.27       
25.11     $ 
26.01     $ 

3  
3  

Of  the  RSUs granted  in 2014,  2013  and 2012, 21,506,  28,341  and  31,243, respectively,  were used  to  fund  supplemental 
executive retirement plan contributions. There was no intrinsic value for the RSUs that were converted into shares in 2014 
and 2012. There were no RSUs converted into shares during 2013.  

All  pre-tax  charges  related  to  RSUs  were  included  in  the  caption  “Administrative  and  general”  on  the  accompanying 
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. 

12.  Commitments and Contingencies: 

Operating Leases 

The Company leases certain warehouses, sales offices, machinery and equipment and vehicles under long-term operating 
lease agreements. The leases expire at various dates through 2023. In some cases the leases include options to extend. Rent 
and lease expense was $8.2 million, $7.5 million and $7.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, 
respectively. 

The future annual minimum lease payments as of December 31, 2014 are as follows: 

Lease payments  

  $ 

5,874     $ 

5,616     $

4,709     $

3,805     $

2,812    $ 

5,236    $

28,052  

2015 

2016 

2017 

2018 

2019 

     Thereafter    

Total 

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Commitments and Contingencies 

The Company is party to various legal actions that it believes are ordinary in nature and incidental to the operation of its 
business. In the opinion of management, the outcome of the proceedings to which the Company is currently a party will not 
have a material adverse effect upon its results of operations, financial condition or cash flows. 

In  the  normal  course  of  business,  the  Company  periodically  enters  into  agreements  that  incorporate  indemnification 
provisions. While the maximum amount to which the Company may be exposed under such agreements cannot be estimated, 
it  is  the  opinion  of  management  that  these  indemnifications  are  not  expected  to  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  the 
Company’s results of operations or financial condition. 

At December 31, 2014, approximately 317 of the hourly plant personnel are represented by nine separate collective bargaining 
units. The table below shows the expiration dates of the collective bargaining agreements. 

Facility 
Locust, North Carolina 
Romeoville, Illinois 
Minneapolis, Minnesota (coil facility) 
Indianapolis, Indiana 
Minneapolis, Minnesota (plate facility) 
Detroit, Michigan 
Duluth, Minnesota 
St. Paul, Minnesota 
Milan, Illinois 

Expiration date
March 4, 2015 
May 31, 2015 
September 30, 2015 
January 29, 2016 
March 31, 2017 
August 31, 2017 
December 21, 2017 
May 25, 2018 
August 12, 2018 

13.  Income Taxes: 

The components of the Company’s provision (benefit) for income taxes from continuing operations were as follows:  

(in thousands) 
Current: 

Federal 
State and local 

Deferred 
Income tax provision  

  $ 

  $ 

2014

As of December 31,
2013

2012 

4,859     $
657      
5,516      
(2,566)    
2,950     $

6,207     $
1,265      
7,472      
(2,195)    
5,277     $

8,058  
1,021  
9,079  
(1,217)
7,862  

60 

  
  
  
  
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
   
   
 
       
        
        
 
    
  
    
    
  
  
 
 
The components of the Company’s short and long-term deferred income taxes at December 31 are as follows: 

(in thousands) 
Deferred tax assets: 

Inventory (excluding LIFO reserve) 
Net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards 
Allowance for doubtful accounts 
Accrued expenses 
Other 

Valuation reserve 
Total deferred tax assets 

Deferred tax liabilities: 

LIFO reserve 
Property and equipment 
Intangibles 
Other 

Total deferred tax liabilities 
Deferred tax liabilities, net 

2014

2013 

2,881     $ 
2,971       
519       
7,642       
83       
14,096       
(1,381 )     
12,715       

(6,049 )     
(22,684 )     
(14,930 )     
24       
(43,639 )     
(30,924 )   $ 

2,588  
3,044  
585  
7,459  
83  
13,759  
(1,298)
12,461  

(6,213)
(24,339)
(15,259)
(24)
(45,835)
(33,374)

  $

  $

The deferred tax liability decreased by $125 thousand related to the interest rate swap. 

The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits:  

(in thousands) 

2014 

2013  

2012 

Balance as of January 1 
Decreases related to prior year tax positions 
Increases related to current year tax positions 
Decreases related to lapsing of statute of limitations 
Balance as of December 31 

  $

  $

75     $
(17)    
13      
(13)    
58     $

112     $ 
(37)     
25       
(25)     
75     $ 

75 
- 
61 
(24)
112 

It is expected that the amount of unrecognized tax benefits will not materially change in the next twelve months. The tax 
years 2011 through 2013 remain open to examination by major taxing jurisdictions to which the Company is subject. 

The Company recognized interest related to uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. As of December 31, 2014 and 
December 31, 2013, the Company had approximately $4 thousand of gross accrued interest related to uncertain tax positions, 
respectively.  

The following table reconciles the U.S. federal statutory rate to the Company’s effective tax rate: 

U.S. federal statutory rate 
State and local taxes, net of federal benefit 
Goodwill impairment 
Valuation allowance 
Change in unrecognized tax benefits 
All other, net 
Effective income tax rate 

2014

2013

2012

35.0%   
(1.6%)  
(52.0%)  
-  
(0.1%)  
0.4%   
(18.3%)  

35.0 %      
3.0 %      
-   
-   
(0.2 %)     
3.0 %      
40.8 %      

35.0%
6.9%
22.7%
8.5%
-  
4.4%
77.5%

Income taxes paid in 2014, 2013 and 2012 totaled $4.7 million, $7.6 million and $6.9 million, respectively. Some subsidiaries 
of the Company’s consolidated group file state tax returns on a separate company basis and have state net operating loss 
carryforwards expiring over the next seven to 20 years. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce certain deferred tax 
assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. 

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14.  Shares Outstanding and Earnings Per Share:

Earnings per share have been calculated based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding as set forth below: 

(in thousands, except per share data) 

For the years ended December 31, 
2013 

2012

2014

Weighted average basic shares outstanding 
Assumed exercise of stock options and issuance of stock 

awards 

Weighted average diluted shares outstanding 

11,120      

11,065       

-     
11,120      

9       
11,074       

10,989  

6  
10,995  

Net income (loss) 

Basic earnings (loss) per share 
Diluted earnings (loss) per share 

  $

  $
  $

(19,064)   $

7,647     $ 

2,277  

(1.71)   $
(1.71)   $

0.69     $ 
0.69     $ 

Anti-dilutive securities outstanding 

-     

201       

0.21  
0.21  

194  

15.  Segment Information: 

The Company follows the accounting guidance that requires the utilization of a “management approach” to define and report 
the financial results of operating segments. The management approach defines operating segments along the lines used by 
the Company’s CODM to assess performance and make operating and resource allocation decisions. The Company’s CODM 
evaluates  performance  and  allocates  resources  based  primarily  on  operating  income  (loss).  The  Company’s  operating 
segments are based on internal management reporting. 

The Company operates in two reportable segments: flat products and tubular and pipe products. Through its flat products 
segment, the Company sells and distributes large volumes of processed carbon, coated, aluminum and stainless flat-rolled 
sheet, coil and plate products. Through its tubular and pipe products segment, the Company distributes metal tubing, pipe, 
bar, valve and fittings and fabricates pressure parts supplied to various industrial markets. In recent years, the Company has 
increased its participation in the stainless and aluminum markets, which the Company refers to as specialty metals. As a 
result, based on how the CODM is expected to make decisions, assess performance and allocate resources in the future, the 
Company is expect to disclose three reportable segments beginning in the first quarter of 2015. The segments will be flat 
products, tubular and pipe products, and specialty metals.  

Commencing with the first quarter of 2013, corporate expenses are reported as a separate line item in the segment reporting. 
Corporate expenses include the unallocated expenses related to managing the entire Company (i.e., both segments), including 
payroll expenses for certain personnel, expenses related to being a publicly traded entity such as board of directors expenses, 
audit expenses, and various other professional fees. Prior to 2013, these expenses were included in the flat products segment’s 
operating results. The 2012 financial information below has been revised to reflect the new reporting structure. 

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The following table provides financial information by segment and reconciles the Company’s operating income by segment 
to  the  consolidated  income  before  income  taxes  for  the  years  ended  December  31,  2014,  2013  and  2012.  The  Company 
assesses the performance of the segments based on operating income. 

(in thousands) 
Net sales 

Flat products 
Tubular and pipe products 

Total net sales 

Depreciation and amortization 

Flat products 
Tubular and pipe products 
Corporate 

Total depreciation and amortization 

Operating income 
Flat products 
Tubular and pipe products 
Corporate 
Goodwill impairment (a) 
Total operating income (loss) 

Asset impairment charge of joint venture real estate 
Other income (loss), net 

Income (loss) before interest and income taxes 

Interest and other expense on debt 

Income (loss) before income taxes 

For the Year Ended 
December 31, 
2013 

2012

2014

1,191,731     $
244,539      
1,436,270     $

1,026,769     $
236,562       
1,263,331     $

1,138,063  
245,638  
1,383,701  

15,055     $
5,624      
101      
20,780     $

12,415     $
10,185      
(7,972)    
(23,836)    
(9,208)   $
-     
(126)    
(9,334)    
6,780      
(16,114)   $

16,883     $
5,308       
50       
22,241     $

12,106     $
14,981       
(7,432)     
-      
19,655     $
-      
(28)     
19,627       
6,703       
12,924     $

16,065  
4,795  
- 
20,860  

13,613  
17,997  
(6,578)
(6,583)
18,449  
(36)
83  
18,496  
8,357 
10,139  

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

(a)  The goodwill impairment in 2014 related to the tubular and pipe products segment. The goodwill impairment in 2012

related the to flat products segment's Southern region. 

(in thousands) 
Capital expenditures 

Flat products 
Tubular and pipe products 
Corporate  

Total capital expenditures 

Goodwill 

Flat products 
Tubular and pipe products 

Total goodwill 

Assets 

Flat products 
Tubular and pipe products 
Corporate 
Total assets 

2014

2013 

2012

17,004  
6,369  
- 
23,373  

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

  $

4,540     $
3,273      
21      
7,834     $

500     $
16,451      
16,951     $

3,794     $
11,616       
688       
16,098     $

500       
40,287       
40,787       

496,253     $
203,937      
558      
700,748     $

473,397       
223,314       
638       
697,349       

There were no material revenue transactions between the flat products and tubular and pipe products segments for the years 
ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. 

The Company sells certain products internationally, primarily in Canada, Puerto Rico and Mexico. International sales have 
been immaterial to the consolidated financial results and to the individual segment’s results. 

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16.  Retirement Plans: 

The Company’s retirement plans consist of two 401(k) plans covering certain non-union employees, two separate 401(k) 
plans covering all union employees, two profit sharing plans, a multi-employer pension plan covering certain CTI employees 
and a supplemental executive retirement plan (SERP) covering certain executive officers of the Company. 

The 401(k) retirement plans allow eligible employees to contribute up to the statutory maximum. The Company’s non-union 
401(k)  matching  contribution  is  determined  annually  by  the  Board  of  Directors  and  is  based  on  a  percentage  of  eligible 
employees’ earnings and contributions. For the non-union flat rolled segment’s 401(k) retirement plan, the Company matched 
one-half of each eligible employee’s contribution, limited to the first 6% of eligible compensation.  

For the 401(k) retirement plan at our CTI locations, the Company matched one-half of each eligible employee’s first 3% of 
eligible compensation and 20% of the next 3% of eligible compensation.  

All  union  employees  now  participate  in  the  profit-sharing  plan  on  a  discretionary  basis,  like  all  non-union  employees. 
Company contributions to the non-union profit-sharing plan are discretionary amounts as determined annually by the Board 
of Directors.  

In 2005, the Board of Directors adopted the SERP. Contributions to the SERP are based on: (i) a portion of the participants’ 
compensation multiplied by 13%; and (ii) for certain participants a portion of the participants’ compensation multiplied by a 
factor which is contingent upon the Company’s return on invested capital. Benefits are subject to a vesting schedule of up to 
five years.  

The  Company,  through  its  CTI  subsidiary,  contributes  to  one  multiemployer  pension  plan  –  the  Plumbing  and  Heating 
Wholesalers Retirement Income Plan for the Benefit of the Shopmen’s Division of Pipe Fitters’ Association Local Union 
597, EIN 36-6511016, Plan Number 001 (the Multiemployer Plan). The risks of participating in the Multiemployer Plan are 
different from a single-employer plan in that 1) assets contributed to the multiemployer plan by one employer may be used 
to provide benefits to employees of other participating employers, 2) if a participating employer stops contributing to the 
plan, the unfunded obligations of the plan may be borne by the remaining participating employers, and 3) if CTI chooses to 
stop participating in the Multiemployer Plan, CTI may be required to pay the plan an amount based on the unfunded status 
of the plan, referred to as a withdrawal liability. 

The  most  recent  Pension  Protection  Act  zone  status  available  is  for  the  plan  year  beginning  January  1,  2013,  and  the 
Multiemployer Plan’s actuary has certified that the Multiemployer Plan is neither in critical status nor endangered status and 
that it is in the green zone. The zone status is based on information that CTI received from the Multiemployer Plan and is 
certified by the Multiemployer Plan’s actuary. Among other factors, plans in the green zone are at least 80 percent funded. 

CTI contributes to the Multiemployer Plan under the terms of a collective bargaining agreement that covers certain of its 
union employees, and which expires May 31, 2015. CTI contributions to the Multiemployer Plan were immaterial for the 
years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.  

Retirement  plan  expense,  which  includes  all  Company  401(k),  profit-sharing,  SERP  defined  contributions  and  the 
Multiemployer Plan, amounted to $2.2 million, $2.2 million and $2.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 
and 2012, respectively. 

17.  Related-Party Transactions: 

The Company’s Chief Executive Officer owns 50% of an entity that owns one of the Cleveland warehouses and leases it to 
the Company at a fair market value annual rental of $204 thousand. The lease expires on December 31, 2018 with four five-
year renewal options.  

64 

  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
   
  
  
  
   
 
 
Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts 
(in thousands) 

Description 
Year Ended December 31, 2012 

Allowance for doubtful accounts 
Tax valuation reserve 

Year Ended December 31, 2013 

Allowance for doubtful accounts 
Tax valuation reserve 

Year Ended December 31, 2014 

Allowance for doubtful accounts 
Tax valuation reserve 

Additions

Balance at 
Beginning of 
Period

Charged to 
Costs and 
Expenses

Charged to 
Other 
Accounts

Deductions 

Balance at 
End of 
Period

  $ 
  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

  $ 
  $ 

1,727     $
401     $

322     $
799     $

1,597     $
1,200     $

83     $
98     $

1,519     $
1,298     $

467     $
83     $

-    $ 
-    $ 

-    $ 
-    $ 

-    $ 
-    $ 

(452)   $
-    $

1,597 
1,200 

(161)   $
-    $

1,519 
1,298 

(638)   $
-    $

1,348 
1,381 

65 

  
  
    
 
   
      
  
     
 
 
  
   
   
   
   
 
      
        
        
        
        
 
  
      
        
        
        
        
 
      
        
        
        
        
 
  
      
        
        
        
        
 
      
        
        
        
        
 
  
  
 
 
SUPPLEMENTAL FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

Unaudited Quarterly Results of Operations 
(in thousands, except per share amounts) 

2014 

1st

2nd

3rd

4th 

Year

Net sales 
Operating income (loss) (a) 
Income (loss) before income taxes 
Net income (loss) 

Basic net income (loss) per share 
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic 
  $
Diluted net income (loss) per share 
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted    

346,913     $
6,229      
4,477      
2,777     $
0.25     $
11,089      
0.25     $
11,090      

386,047     $
7,108      
5,325      
3,494     $
0.32     $
11,089      
0.32     $
11,089      

376,617     $
4,117       
2,495       
1,556     $
0.14     $
11,120       
0.14     $
11,120       

326,693     $ 1,436,270  
(9,208)
(26,662)    
(16,114)
(28,411)    
(19,064)
(26,891)   $
(1.71)
(2.42)   $
11,120  
11,127      
(1.71)
(2.42)   $
11,120  
11,127      

Market price of common stock: (b) 

High 
Low 

2013 

Net sales 
Operating income (loss) (a) 
Income (loss) before income taxes 
Net income (loss) 

Basic net income (loss) per share 
Weighted average shares outstanding - basic 
Diluted net income (loss) per share 
  $
Weighted average shares outstanding - diluted    

  $

30.95     $
25.84     

29.58     $
20.88      

25.83     $
20.57       

21.39     $
15.75      

30.95  
15.75  

1st

2nd

3rd

4th 

Year

338,064     $
9,581      
7,906      
5,163     $
0.47     $
11,034      
0.47     $
11,042      

330,804     $
6,024      
4,315      
2,525     $
0.23     $
11,062      
0.23     $
11,072      

303,990     $
4,174       
2,484       
1,340     $
0.12     $
11,066       
0.12     $
11,077       

290,473     $ 1,263,331  
19,655  
12,924  
7,647 
0.69  
11,065  
0.69  
11,074  

(124)    
(1,781)    
(1,381)   $
(0.12)   $
11,075      
(0.12)   $
11,075      

  $

  $
  $

  $

  $
  $

Market price of common stock: (b) 

High 
Low 

  $

25.39     $
18.52      

26.83     $
19.54      

29.48     $
24.46       

31.68     $
24.56      

31.68  
18.52  

(a)  Operating income includes $365 of LIFO expense in 2014 and $3,572 of LIFO income in 2013 and a $23,836 goodwill 

impairment charge related to the Company's tubular and pipe products segment in the forth quarter of 2014. 
(b)  Represents the high and low sales prices of our common stock as reported by the Nasdaq Global Select Market. 

66 

  
  
  
 
   
   
    
   
 
  
      
        
        
        
        
 
   
   
   
  
      
        
        
        
        
 
      
        
        
        
        
 
   
  
  
 
   
   
    
   
 
  
      
        
        
        
        
 
   
   
   
  
      
        
        
        
        
 
      
        
        
        
        
 
   
  
  
  
 
 
ITEM 9.  CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING 

AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE  

None. 

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

Evaluations required by Rule 13a-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 of the effectiveness of our disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of the end of the period covered 
by this Annual Report have been carried out under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including 
our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Based upon such evaluations, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief 
Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2014 in providing 
reasonable assurance that information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed under the Exchange Act is recorded, 
processed, summarized and reported within time periods specified in the rules and forms of the SEC.  

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting is set forth in Part II, Item 8 of this Annual Report on 
Form  10-K  and  is  incorporated  herein.  PricewaterhouseCoopers  LLP,  the  Company’s  independent  registered  public 
accounting firm, has issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting that is set forth in Part II, 
Item 8 of this Annual Report and is incorporated herein by reference. 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2014 that 
have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. 

ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION 

None. 

67 

 
 
   
  
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
   
  
  
  
  
 
 
PART III 

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

Information required by Item 10 as to the executive officers is provided in Part I of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is 
incorporated by reference into this section. Other information required by Item 10 will be incorporated herein by reference 
to the information set forth in our definitive proxy statement for our 2015 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. 

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

Information required by Item 11 will be incorporated herein by reference to the information set forth in our definitive proxy 
statement for our 2015 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. 

ITEM 12.  SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 

RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS 

Information required by Item 12 will be incorporated herein by reference to the information set forth in our definitive proxy 
statement for our 2015 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. 

ITEM 13.  CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR 

INDEPENDENCE 

Information required by Item 13 will be incorporated herein by reference to the information set forth in our definitive proxy 
statement for our 2015 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. 

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES 

Information required by Item 14 will be incorporated herein by reference to the information set forth in our definitive proxy 
statement for our 2015 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. 

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ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES  

PART IV 

(a)(1) The following financial statements are included in Part II, Item 8: 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 

Supplemental Disclosures of Cash Flow Information for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders' Equity for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 

(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules.  
Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts 

(a)(3) Exhibits. The Exhibits filed herewith are set forth on the Index to Exhibits filed as part of this Annual Report 
and incorporated herein by reference. 

69 

  
   
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant 

has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

SIGNATURES 

February 26, 2015 

OLYMPIC STEEL, INC. 

By: /s/ Richard T. Marabito 
   Richard T. Marabito, 
   Chief Financial Officer 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by 

the following persons in the capacities indicated and on the dates indicated. 

February 26, 2015   

February 26, 2015 

February 26, 2015 

February 26, 2015 

February 26, 2015 

February 26, 2015 

February 26, 2015 

February 26, 2015 

February 26, 2015 

/s/ Michael D. Siegal* 

   Michael D. Siegal 

Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer  
(Principal Executive Officer) 

/s/ David A. Wolfort* 

   David A. Wolfort 

President, Chief Operating Officer and Director 

/s/ Richard T. Marabito* 
Richard T. Marabito 
Chief Financial Officer  
(Principal Financial Officer and  
Principal Accounting Officer) 

/s/ Donald R. McNeeley * 

   Donald R. McNeeley 

President of Chicago Tube and Iron and Director 

/s/ Ralph M. Della Ratta, Jr. * 
Ralph M. Della Ratta, Jr., Lead Director 

/s/ Arthur F. Anton * 
   Arthur F. Anton, Director 

/s/ Dirk A. Kempthorne * 
   Dirk A. Kempthorne, Director 

/s/ James B. Meathe * 
James B. Meathe, Director 

/s/ Howard L. Goldstein * 
   Howard L. Goldstein, Director 

* The undersigned, by signing his name hereto, does sign and execute this Annual Report on Form 10-K pursuant to the 
Powers of Attorney executed by the above-named officers and directors of the Company and filed with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission on behalf of such officers and directors. 

By:   /s/ Richard T. Marabito 

Richard T. Marabito, Attorney-in-Fact 

February 26, 2015 

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Exhibit 

2.2 

OLYMPIC STEEL, INC. 
INDEX TO EXHIBITS 

Description 

Reference 

Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated May 18, 2011, 
by and among OLYAC II, Inc., Olympic Steel, Inc., 
Chicago Tube and Iron Company, the Stockholders of 
Chicago Tube and Iron Company listed on Schedule I, 
and Dr. Donald McNeeley, as the Representative of the 
Stockholders. 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to Company’s 
Form 8-K filed with the Commission on May 20, 2011 
(Commission File No. 0-23320). 

3.1(i) 

Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation 

3.1(ii)  Amended and Restated Code of Regulations 

4.22 

4.23 

4.24 

4.25 

Amended and Restated Loan and Security Agreement, 
dated as of July 1, 2011, by and among the Registrant, 
the financial institutions from time to time party 
thereto, Bank of America, N.A., as administrative 
agent, and the other agents from time to time party 
thereto. 

First Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan and 
Security Agreement, dated as of March 16, 2012, by 
and among the Registrant, the financial institutions 
from time to time party thereto, Bank of America, 
N.A., as administrative agent, and the other agents from 
time to time party thereto. 

Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Loan 
and Security Agreement, dated as of March 22, 2013, 
by and among Olympic Steel, Inc. and certain 
subsidiaries thereof, the financial institutions from time 
to time party thereto, Bank of America, N.A., as 
administrative agent, and the other agents from time to 
time party thereto. 

Second Amended and Restated Loan and Security 
Agreement, dated as of June 30, 2014, by and among 
the Registrant, the financial institutions from time to 
time party thereto, Bank of America, N.A., as 
administrative agent, and the other agents from time to 
time party thereto. 

10.1 *  Olympic Steel, Inc. Stock Option Plan  

10.8 * 

Form of Management Retention Agreement for Senior 
Executive Officers of the Company 

10.9 * 

Form of Management Retention Agreement for Other 
Officers of the Company 

71 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1(i) to the 
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 
33-73992) filed with the Commission on January 12, 
1994. 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Registrant's 
Registration Statement on Form S-8 (Registration No. 
333-1439001) filed with the Commission on June 20, 
2007. 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.21 to 
Registrant’s Form 8-K filed with the Commission on 
July 8, 2011 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.23 to 
Registrant’s Form 8-K filed with the Commission on 
March 21, 2012 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.24 to 
Registrant’s Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on 
May 3, 2013 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.25 to 
Registrant’s Form 8-K filed with the Commission on 
July 3, 2014 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the 
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 
33-73992) filed with the Commission on January 12, 
1994. 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to 
Registrant's Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on 
August 7, 2000 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 to 
Registrant's Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on 
August 7, 2000 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

  
  
  
  
  
Exhibit 

Description 

Reference 

10.14 *  Olympic Steel, Inc. Executive Deferred Compensation 

Plan dated December 15, 2004 

10.15 *  Form of Non-Solicitation Agreements  

10.16 *  Form of Management Retention Agreement  

10.17 *  Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan Term Sheet  

10.20 *  Olympic Steel, Inc. Supplemental Executive 

Retirement Plan 

10.21 *  Olympic Steel, Inc. 2007 Omnibus Incentive Plan 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to 
Registrant’s Form 10-K filed with the Commission on 
March 14, 2005 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to 
Registrant’s Form 8-K filed with the Commission on 
March 4, 2005 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to 
Registrant’s Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on 
August 8, 2005 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to 
Registrant’s Form 8-K filed with the Commission on 
January 5, 2006 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to 
Registrant’s Form 8-K filed with the Commission on 
April 28, 2006 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to 
Registrant’s Form 8-K filed with the Commission on 
May 3, 2007 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

10.27*  Form of Performance-Earned Restricted Stock Unit 
(PERS Unit) Agreement for Messrs. Siegal, Wolfort 
and Marabito. 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to 
Registrant’s Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on 
May 5, 2009 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

10.28*  Form of Performance-Earned Restricted Stock Unit 

(PERS Unit) Agreement for Mr. Manson and Ms. 
Potash. 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 to 
Registrant’s Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on 
May 5, 2009 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

10.30 *  Olympic Steel, Inc. Senior Manager Compensation 

Plan 

10.31 *  David A. Wolfort Employment Agreement effective as 

of January 1, 2011 

10.32 *  Donald McNeeley Employment Agreement effective as 

of July 1, 2011 

10.33 *  Richard T. Marabito Employment Agreement effective 

as of November 23, 2011 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.30 to 
Registrant’s Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on 
May 6, 2011 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.31 to 
Registrant’s Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on 
May 6, 2011 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to 
Registrant’s Form 10-Q filed with the Commission on 
November 4, 2011 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to 
Registrant’s Form 8-K filed with the Commission on 
November 23, 2011 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

72 

  
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
Exhibit 

Description 

Reference 

10.34 *  Form of RSU Agreements for Messrs. Siegal, Wolfort 

and Marabito. 

10.35 *  Michael D. Siegal Employment Agreement effective as 

of December 1, 2012 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to 
Registrant’s Form 10-K filed with the Commission on 
February 23, 2012 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.35 to 
Registrant’s Form 8-K filed with the Commission on 
November 21, 2012 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

10.36 *  Departure of Directors or Certain Officers; Election of 
Directors; Appointment of Certain Officers; 
Compensatory Arrangements of Certain Officers. 

Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to 
Registrant’s Form 8-K filed with the Commission on 
December 30, 2014 (Commission File No. 0-23320). 

21 

23 

24 

31.1 

31.2 

32.1 

32.2 

List of Subsidiaries 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting 
Firm 

Directors and Officers Powers of Attorney 

Certification of the Principal Executive Officer of the 
Company, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

Certification of the Principal Financial Officer of the 
Company, as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

Written Statement of Michael D. Siegal, Chairman and 
Chief Executive Officer of the Company pursuant to 18 
U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 
906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

Written Statement of Richard T. Marabito, Chief 
Financial Officer of the Company pursuant to 18 
U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 
906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

Filed herewith 

Filed herewith 

Filed herewith 

Filed herewith 

Filed herewith 

Furnished herewith 

Furnished herewith 

101.INS  XBRL Instance Document 

101.SCH  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 

101.CAL  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase 

Document 

101.DEF  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition 

101.LAB  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase 

Document 

101.PRE  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase 

Document 

*      This exhibit is a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. 

73 

  
  
  
   
   
   
   
   
   
  
  
Comparison of 5 Year Cumulative Total Return

Comparison of 5 Year Cumulative Total Return
Assumes Initial Investment of $100 through December 2014

250.00

200.00

150.00

100.00

50.00

0.00

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

Olympic Steel Inc.

NASDAQ Composite-Total Returns

New Peer Group

Old Peer Group

The old peer group includes Worthington Industries, Shiloh Industries, Inc., A.M. Castle & Co., and Reliance Steel 
& Aluminum Co. The new peer group consists of the old peer group plus Ryerson Holding Corporation (which went 
public and began trading on Aug. 13, 2014). 

Directors & Officers

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Michael D. Siegal, 62
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, 
Olympic Steel

CORPORATE OFFICERS

Michael D. Siegal
Chief Executive Officer

David A. Wolfort
President and Chief Operating Officer

Richard T. Marabito
Chief Financial Officer

Donald R. McNeeley
President and Chief Operating Officer,  
Chicago Tube & Iron, a subsidiary of Olympic Steel

Richard A. Manson
Vice President and Treasurer

Esther M. Potash
Chief Information Officer

Christopher M. Kelly
Secretary, Olympic Steel 
Partner-in-Charge, Cleveland Office, Jones Day

David A. Wolfort, 62
President and Chief Operating Officer,  
Olympic Steel

Arthur F. Anton, 57
President and Chief Executive Officer,  
Swagelok Company

Ralph M. Della Ratta, 61
Founder and Managing Director,  
Western Reserve Partners LLC

Howard L. Goldstein, CPA, 62
Partner,  
Appelrouth, Farah & Co. P.A.

The Honorable Dirk A. Kempthorne, 63
President and Chief Executive Officer,  
The American Council of Life Insurers

James B. Meathe, 59
Managing Partner, 
Walloon Ventures

Donald R. McNeeley, 60
President and Chief Operating Officer,  
Chicago Tube & Iron, a subsidiary of Olympic Steel

Shareholder Information

Corporate Headquarters
Olympic Steel, Inc. 
22901 Millcreek Boulevard, Suite 650 
Highland Hills, OH 44122 
Phone: (216) 292-3800 
Fax: (216) 682-4065 
www.olysteel.com

Stock Listing
The  Company’s  common  stock  trades  on  the  NASDAQ 
Global Select Stock Market under the symbol “ZEUS.”

Transfer Agent and Registrar
Computershare 
P.O. Box 30170 
College Station, TX 77842-3170 
(800) 446-2617

2015 Annual Meeting
The annual meeting of shareholders will be held: 

Friday, May 1, 2015 
10:00 a.m. Eastern Time 
Olympic Steel, Inc. 
5096 Richmond Road 
Bedford Heights, OH 44146

For information and directions to the annual meeting and to 
vote in person, contact ir@olysteel.com.

Independent Auditors
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP 
BP Tower, 18th Floor 
200 Public Square 
Cleveland, OH 44114

Legal Counsel
Jones Day 
North Point 
901 Lakeside Avenue 
Cleveland, OH 44114

Investor Information
Shareholders  and  prospective  investors  are  welcome 
to  call  or  write  with  questions  or  requests  for  additional 
information. Inquiries should be directed to:

Matthew J. Dennis, CFA
Olympic Steel Investor Relations 
Clear Perspective Group, LLC 
Phone: (216) 672-0522 
Email: ir@olysteel.com 
www.olysteel.com

Form 10-K
Shareholders  who  wish  to  obtain,  without  charge,  a 
copy  of  Olympic  Steel’s  annual  report  on  Form  10-K, 
filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission 
for  the  fiscal  year  ended  Dec.  31,  2014,  may  do  so 
by  writing  to  Investor  Relations  at  the  Company’s 
Corporate Headquarters (address indicated above).

This product 
is made from 
recycled paper