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Orange

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FY2018 Annual Report · Orange
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2

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Useful links and contacts 

Useful links
Integrated Annual Report 
Corporate website  
Orange Business Services 
Registration Document 
Corporate Social Responsibility 
Working at Orange 
Orange Healthcare 
Orange Foundation 
Digital Society Forum 
Bien vivre le digital 
Follow us on Facebook 
Follow us on Twitter 

Contacts
Investors and analysts 
Individual shareholders 

rai2018.orange.com/en
orange.com
orange-business.com
orange.com/en/Investors/Regulated-information 
orange.com/csr
orange.jobs
healthcare.orange.com
fondationorange.com/en
digital-society-forum.orange.com/en
bienvivreledigital.orange.fr (French only)
facebook.com/Orange
@orange
@orangerse

investor.relations@orange.com
orange@relations-actionnaires.com
orange.com/shareholders

 
 
 
Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

21 stakeholders, 47 participants and five major topics — 
we are delighted to present 21 à la Une,  the Orange 
stakeholder review.

We hope you enjoy it.

6

Summary

 P. 8 to 25

Orange at a glance

  Orange is strong and accelerating its transformation, by Stéphane Richard
  Creating shared value for the long term
  Key considerations
  Social and economic impact

P. 26 to 67 Our areas of excellence today

We’ve come a long way since launching the Essentials2020 plan and our hard 
work has paid off. Today, Orange is one of the largest telecoms operators in 
the world with a foundation of ever-more efficient network infrastructure and 
unmatched expertise in customer and employee experience. Our success is 
based on an inclusive approach to innovation and robust financial performance.
  Cutting-edge networks
  Unmatched customer experience
  Digital and caring employer
  Transforming innovation into progress each day
  Highlights
  Financial results
  Non-financial results
  Performance in 2018

P. 68 to 103 Our choices for a better tomorrow

We will continue to create value, leveraging our areas of excellence to deploy  
our multi-service operator strategy.
  Working to develop digital inclusion and responsible uses
  Investing and innovating in networks
  Guiding businesses through their own digital transformation 
  Taking mobile financial services to the next level
  Creating and distributing content for tomorrow’s world
  Shaping smart services for everyday living
  Helping to drive the environmental and energy transition

P. 104 to 115 Governance

  Strong corporate governance
   Balanced compensation for senior executives
  Our ethically responsible commitment

P. 116 to 125 Our integrated approach

  Stakeholder dialogue
  Identifying the most relevant issues for Orange and partners 
  Risk management

P. 126 to 133

Indicators

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Part I

Our areas of  
excellence today

Part II

Our choices for  
a better tomorrow

 
8

 Orange at a glance
—  

6 business activities
   Connectivity for individuals and businesses
   Digital transformation for businesses
   Operator services
   Cybersecurity
   Mobile financial services
   Content

2018 revenues 

Employees

Customers

Homes connectable 
to very high-speed 
broadband

€41.4 billion  151,000

264 million 

32.5 million 

4G customers 
worldwide

Retail customers 
with broadband and 
mobile convergence 
packages

Mobile network 
quality in France

Homes using 
Orange TV services 
in Europe

56.2 million  10.9 million 

No.1

9.6 million 

Active Orange 
Money customers 

Orange Bank 
customers  
in France

Investment 
excluding licences

Investment  
in research and 
innovation

15.1 million 

248,000 

€7.4 billion 

€700 million 

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

27 countries across the world

We operate in Europe (Belgium, France, Luxembourg, Moldova, Poland, Romania,  
Slovakia and Spain) and Africa and the Middle East (Botswana, Burkina Faso, Cameroon, 
Central African Republic, Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic Republic of the Congo,  
Egypt, Guinea-Bissau, Guinea, Jordan, Liberia, Madagascar, Mali, Mauritius, Morocco, 
Niger, Senegal, Sierra Leone and Tunisia).
Orange Business Services is available worldwide.

 
10

Orange  
is strong and 
accelerating its 
transformation
 —  

Stéphane Richard      
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Stéphane Richard
@srichard

#FY_2018 has been a year of #acceleration of our 
revenue growth and adjusted EBITDA, in a highly 
competitive environment. This performance 
illustrates the superiority of our networks and the 
quality of our services. Congrats and thank you 
to all @orange teams

08:00 - 21 Feb 2019 

12

The outstanding  
quality of our networks  
has made us the  
number one operator  
for convergence  
in Europe. 
— 

Our results in 2018 confirmed the effectiveness of 
our strategy – based on leveraging the quality of 
our networks and enhancing our services. We are 
now in a position to build on these two strengths 
and the success of our Essentials2020 strategic 
plan in order to take the Group’s growth and 
transformation to the next level.

The huge amount of work we have undertaken since 
launching the Essentials2020 plan has delivered solid 
results. We are back on track for growth thanks to 
the two fundamental decisions that have set Orange 
apart from other European operators. 

The first choice was very high-speed fixed and mobile 
broadband. In fixed services, Orange was the first 
European operator to make the clear and decisive 
choice to roll out Fibre to the Home (FTTH), bringing 
very high-speed fixed broadband to customers in 
all its operating countries. In France, we are the only 
operator so far to have massively invested in very 
high-speed fixed broadband, building nearly 70% of 
the country’s fibre network. The second significant 
choice we made, also before any of our competitors, 
was convergence. Years ago, we realised that the 
European market would increasingly, and more 
rapidly, gravitate towards fixed/mobile convergence. 
The idea behind it is simple: it makes a lot of sense 
for a family or business to have one carrier that 
provides all their landline and mobile services. And 

for us, this naturally presents a fantastic opportunity 
to nurture customer loyalty. You can see the effects 
of these two pioneering decisions regarding fibre and 
convergence in our figures. 
Orange has been the fibre optic leader in Europe 
for three years now and today has 29 million homes 
connectable to FTTH. We have also invested 
substantially in mobile networks. We are a leading 
provider of 4G, with more customers than any of 
our competitors in seven of our eight operating 
countries in Europe. We have set up 4G networks in 
12 countries in Africa and the Middle East, and, in 
2018, topped the mobile network ranking in France 
for the eighth year running. The outstanding quality of 
our networks has made us the number one operator 
for convergence in Europe, where this strategy has 
become widespread. We now provide convergence 
packages in all our operating countries in Europe and 
have almost 11 million contracts so far. 

It was our solid performance in all these countries 
that helped us bounce back in 2016. Our revenues, 
EBITDA and operating cash flow continued to pick up 
pace in 2018, despite persistently fierce competition.

Going forward, we will be speeding up the roll-out 
of very high-speed fixed and mobile broadband. It 
is a powerful driver for our company’s growth and 

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Stéphane Richard
@srichard

The main strength of a company like @orange is 
its employees. So when I meet people that are 
as motivated and full of energy as those I met in 
Bordeaux today, I feel extremely confident for our 
company’s future. 

10:38 – 7 May 2018

14

We broadened  
our range of services, 
making bold moves  
to diversify into several 
forward-looking  
sectors.
— 

a big part of our commitment to society alongside 
the French State and local authorities. In the mobile 
segment, Orange is preparing the ground for 5G, 
a disruptive technology that will open the door to 
new uses, with 10 times faster throughput than 
4G. We are doing this in several ways, such as by 
carrying out new large-scale pilots in Europe with our 
technology specialist partners. We started trialling 5G 
on the ground in 2018 and will be carrying out other 
tests between now and 2020 to prepare to bring 5G 
to our individual and business customers. 

By tapping into the quality of our networks, we 
broadened our range of services, making bold moves 
to diversify into several forward-looking sectors.

We have upgraded Orange Business Services’ 
business model and expanded our expertise by 
making targeted acquisitions in strategic areas, 
such as cloud and cybersecurity technology. Fully 
aware of data security threats, we set up Orange 
Cyberdefense in 2016, leading the field in France 
within two years. The acquisition of British group 
SecureData in January 2019 also sets us on a path 
to becoming one of Europe’s leaders in cybersecurity 
provision. 

We also notched up several success stories in 
2018 as regards our content. OCS celebrated its 
10th anniversary, with almost 3 million customers, 
and our improved sports packages in Spain have 
significantly boosted sales. We have a clear strategy, 

based on offering a wealth of content by partnering 
with key players such as HBO and Netflix.

Lastly, the mobile financial services business also 
performed well last year. Orange Bank had signed 
up 248,000 customers in France by the end of 
2018, after opening a record number of accounts 
in the fourth quarter, representing a major success. 
I believe in this new business line, and our unique 
approach – an entirely mobile bank, combined 
with the convenience of the Orange store network. 
Meanwhile, Orange Money has become one of the 
world’s most popular mobile payment solutions, 
with more than 15 million active customers – partly 
driven by Mowali, the platform we set up with MTN to 
enable pan-African mobile payment interoperability.

The quality of our networks, our diversification 
strategy and our renewed management team are 
three of the reasons why we’re feeling confident 
about 2019. It will be a pivotal year for the Group, as 
we will be presenting our new strategic plan for 2025. 
We live in a world where 3.9 billion people – more 
than half the global population – still aren’t connected 
to the internet. That is why we will be ramping up our 
efforts to bring safe and smart networks and services 
to everyone, wherever they are.

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Stéphane Richard
@srichard

Yesterday @orange brought #5G another step 
closer, making France’s first-ever interoperable 
data call using the #5G standard. More than 
ever, @orange is leading the way to the mobile 
network of the future.       

10:53 - 26 Oct 2018

 
16

Creating shared value  
for the long term
— 

Customer confidence is key to 
everything we do
Our core business at Orange is to provide efficient and 
intelligent global networks for customers while 
ensuring their data is secure and protected.
Building on this foundation of technology and trust, we 
provide connectivity solutions to individuals and 
businesses. We deliver network resources and 
enriched services to our operator customers both in 
France and abroad, in addition to guiding business 
customers through their own digital transformation. 
We are also developing new offers in content, mobile 
financial services and cybersecurity.

Digital technology to serve an 
advanced, informed and free society 
At Orange, our goal is to harness the potential of digital 
technology to ensure meaningful progress for people, 
society and the planet. We are aware of, and have an 
influence on, the technological, economic and social 
considerations associated with our operations, and 
help our stakeholders to navigate this changing 
environment. Our business model is based on 
subscriptions, rather than exploiting value from the 
data generated by our 264 million customers, 
comprising individuals, businesses, local authorities 
and operators. That is one significant commitment we 
are making to our customers; the other is to offer them 
an unmatched experience. Today, we are leveraging 
our connectivity, assets, expertise, technology and 
skills to diversify into new markets. As a trusted 
operator, we must also take into account the deep 
inequalities that characterise the digital world. That’s 

why Orange defines and implements innovation  
in an inclusive and responsible way. We owe the 
success of our strategy to the commitment of our 
151,000 employees across the world. We therefore 
stand by our digital and caring employer promise to 
deliver a unique employee experience to match the 
experience we aim to give to customers. 

Creating value for all our stakeholders
The following figure presents the indicators that 
illustrate the financial and non-financial value we are 
creating for our stakeholders and for the Group itself. 
Our large and highly-skilled workforce is one of our 
greatest assets and we are a leading employer in 
several countries. The result of an effective innovation 
and investment policy, our industrial and intellectual 
assets set us apart from our competitors. The 
strength of our brand and the extent of our 
distribution network also provide a competitive 
advantage. Furthermore, outstanding sales 
performance across the Group, combined with 
operational efficiency, have produced excellent 
financial results. With operations in 27 countries, 
Orange invests extensively in networks and therefore 
plays an essential role in regional development and 
people’s daily lives. We maintain excellent 
relationships with our suppliers and partners, 
promoting responsible and ethical collaboration at 
every stage of the value chain. Moreover, the 
commitments we have made and the actions we 
have taken to reduce our carbon footprint and 
develop a circular economy demonstrate our 
determination to reduce our environmental impact.

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Our business model

Technological considerations 
Connectivity, network virtualisation, 
artificial intelligence, big data and 
Internet of Things 

Considerations

O ur strategy

Economic considerations
 Macroeconomic context,  
digital security and  
sovereignty, regulation,  
competition and  
key suppliers 

Invest to build an efficient  
and intelligent network

  O u r services

Stand out by  
delivering an  
unmatched customer  
experience 

Connectivity for individuals  
and businesses

Wholesale  
services

Digital  
transformation  
of businesses

A trusted, multi-service operator

Content

Cybersecurity

Mobile financial services 
and banking services

Monetise  
our services 
rather than 
customer  
data

Be a digital 
and caring 
employer

Take an inclusive  
and responsible approach  
to innovation

Our servic e s

Diversify to capitalise  
on our assets and skills

Social considerations
Digital inclusion, climate change,  
human rights, privacy and  
data protection, and regional development 

 
18

Our assets 

 151,000 employees across the world     
75,000 customer relationship employees      
34,000 employees supporting our networks     
2,400 digital developers, integrators and experts     
30.4 hours of training per Orange SA employee     

People

€7.4 billion net investment excluding licences     
€700 million investment in Research & Innovation   
6,857 patents including 222 inventions   

Industrial  
and intellectual 
assets

450,000 km of submarine cable and six cable ships owned or co-owned     

A powerful brand with strong customer loyalty:       
ranked 65th in the BrandZ Top 100 most valuable  

global brands     
 Present locally with 5,326 stores across the world,      

Brand  
equity and 
commercial  
assets

including 883 Smart Stores

Orange Money distribution network with 160,000 points of sale      

Significant equity: €33.2 billion   
Moderate net financial debt: €25.4 billion   
A stable and long-term shareholder base: 23% public sector,   

5.50% employees and former employees

Financial assets

Our ecosystem

27 countries for consumer services and a global presence   
with Orange Business Services  

Regions  
and society

Six new agreements signed in 2018 for Public Initiative Networks      
National and local stakeholder dialogue      

€19.6 million paid for goods and services from companies   
in France’s sheltered employment sector   
116 CSR audits conducted in 2018 under   

Suppliers and 
partners

Orange contributes to over 50 development projects   

the Joint Audit Cooperation (JAC)

in France and Europe

13 research chairs funded   

Energy consumption: 5,697 GWh (Scope 1 and 2)   
CO2 emissions: 1.4 billion tonnes (Scope 1 and 2)   
Environmental management (ISO 14001) certification   
for 60% of the Group’s scope   
Energy management (ISO 50001) certification in France   

Environment 

 truste d ,  m u l t i-service o

A

p

e

r

a

t

o

r

Value created  
and shared  

A major  
employer

Leading  
the field

    €9.1 billion in wages and employee benefit expenses (22% of revenues)
    81% of Group employees recommend Orange as an employer
    73% of employees in France are Orange shareholders
    11,000 recruitments on unlimited contracts across the Group, including 

3,200 in France

    Gender Equality European and International Standard (GEEIS)
    29.8% of women in management networks 

    264 million customers, including 3,000 multinationals outside France
    No.1 in fibre optics in Europe: 29 million connectable homes
    56 million 4G customers (coverage in Europe greater than 95%)
    No.1 in convergence in Europe: 10.9 million customers
    No.1 mobile network in France for the 8th year running (ARCEP)
    15.1 million active Orange Money customers and 248,000 Orange Bank 

customers

A customer 
experience 
that makes 
the difference

    No.1 in customer recommendations in 15 countries
    No.1 in customer recommendations in France across all segments
    52% of customer interactions in Europe conducted on digital channels 
    Average broadband speed for fixed internet network users 7.6 times  

faster than in 2014

    Average broadband speed for mobile internet network users 3.1 times 

faster than in 2014

Solid financial 
performance 

    Revenues: €41.4 billion (up 1.3% from 2017)
    Adjusted EBITDA: €13 billion (up 2.7% from 2017)
    Operating cash flow (adjusted EBITDA-CAPEX): €5.6 billion  

(up 1.7% from 2017)
    Dividends: €2.1 billion 

Contribution 
to society 
and regional 
development

    €2.2 billion in operating taxes and licences paid
    €0.9 billion in corporate taxes paid
    €4.6 billion in network investments 
    €260 million invested to support entrepreneurship over the last 10 years 
    €23 million invested by the Foundation in young people and women  in difficulty 
    Contribution to wealth creation: 11% of GDP in Senegal  

and Côte d’Ivoire, 2.8% in Niger

    Orange is a member of the Global Network Initiative

Responsible  
and ethical  
working 
relationships 
throughout the 
value chain

   €18.6 billion in external purchases (suppliers, etc.)
   Responsible supplier relations label in France
   264,000 people employed by our suppliers impacted by Joint Audit 

     Cooperation action plans

Towards  
carbon  
neutrality and  
a circular  
economy

    Reduction of 3.2% in CO2 emissions and 3.2% in energy  

consumption between 2016 and 2018

    Energy efficiency: 56.6% reduction in CO2  rate per customer usage 

compared with 2006

    €800 million saved in energy costs in networks and IT since 2010
    15.4% of unwanted mobile devices collected at Group level

In bold: breakdown of the value created by Orange by financial flow. 

2018 data

  
 
  
 
2020

Key  
considerations 
— 

In just a few decades, digital technology has 
dramatically changed our daily lives and the 
entire economy. Although these changes 
continue to provide us with great opportunities 
for future growth, they also create new risks and 
inequalities. As an operator, Orange finds itself at 
the heart of the major technological, economic 
and social challenges that will shape the future of 
society. Drawing on our expertise and our 
position as a leader in the market, we possess all 
of the necessary assets to seize these new 
opportunities and meet potential challenges 
while contributing to sustainable social and 
economic development.

Technological considerations 
We are using an increasing number of screens, 
professional apps that enable us to work on the 
move and connected devices and appliances. As a 
result, our needs for connectivity are growing, 
which calls for the development of fixed and mobile 
networks that are more agile and easier to use and 
access. Artificial intelligence has progressed as a 
result of big data, more sophisticated algorithms, 
low-cost processing power and investment from a 
variety of sources, predominantly from the US and 
Asia. Artificial intelligence improves operational 
efficiency across almost all of the Group’s business 

lines by optimising networks, resolving user 
problems in IT services and tailoring service 
delivery to individual needs. It also powers new, 
value added services for customers such as virtual 
assistants. 

Economic considerations 
Consolidation in Europe has slowed since the mergers 
of 2014 and 2015, even though there are considerably 
more telecommunications operators in the region 
compared with America or China, for example. Global 
competition is extremely fierce and certain operators 
are generating new revenue streams by monetising 
data. Despite this trend, managing personal data has 
become an increasingly important consideration.  
In 2018, the European Union’s General Data 
Protection Regulation (GDPR) came into force, 
providing Member States with a new legal framework 
for data management. Lastly, cybersecurity is another 
increasingly important area, requiring a strategy to 
protect against the growing threats of cyberattacks 
and service disruptions. 

Social considerations
In 2018, half of the world’s population still did not 
have access to the internet and e-illiteracy continued 
to be widespread amongst many of those who did 
have access. Digital exclusion makes it difficult for 
people to access essential services, information and 
knowledge; nor can they enjoy its economic benefits, 
such as job opportunities and increased purchasing 
power. Furthermore, companies nowadays have a 
responsibility to protect human rights that goes far 
beyond their own actions. They must also ensure 
that this same responsibility is also met by their 
suppliers and subcontractors. In order to position 
ourselves as a trusted operator, we have placed 
freedom of expression and data protection as the 
foundation for our customer relationships. These 
considerations are no less important than network 
quality and reliability. The rise of extreme weather 
events and the publication of a report by the 
Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) 
brought the immediate consequences of climate 
change closer to home, underlining the need for 
individuals and businesses to reduce their carbon 
footprint. 

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report
Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Risks and Opportunities

Technological considerations 
Connectivity, network virtualisation, 
artificial intelligence, big data and 
Internet of Things 

Considerations

  )

Economic considerations
 Macroeconomic context,  
digital security and  
sovereignty, regulation,  
competition and  
key suppliers 

Social considerations
Digital inclusion, climate change,  
human rights, privacy and  
data protection and regional development 

Consideration s

 
22

Technological considerations

Opportunities

Risks*

Reduction of network equipment      

Increased investments     

 and maintenance costs

Revenues from      

in new network technologies
 (5G and fibre) 

 new business uses (5G, IoT)
Consolidation of leadership      

Rise in network operating costs     
(4G/5G, FTTx, LoRa® and LTE-M   

 (network coverage and quality)

Increasingly complex networks     

New customers       

 (extended network coverage) 
Convergence and new services  

due in particular to their 
virtualisation  

Connectivity and 
network 
virtualisation

Revenues from data analysis 
Service differentiation/customisation

Cost reductions     

(making the customer journey digital) 
Creation of new professions 
Promotion of the Orange ecosystem  
Optimisation of network resources  

Less direct customer contact     
 due to virtual assistants
 Cost and scarcity of skills     
Greater outsourcing needs     
Supplier dependency     

Artificial  
intelligence  
and big data

Revenues from specialised     

IoT service platforms

Security breaches in networks,     
 service platforms or devices

Internet of 
Things

Social considerations

Opportunities

Risks*

Additional revenues      
New customers      

 (extended network coverage)

Social utility      

Social divides      
Digital divides (unequal      
access/e-illiteracy)

Digital  
inclusion

Development of   

Natural disasters      

climate-compliant solutions
Environmental responsibility   

and impact on infrastructure

Climate  
change

Reduction of excessive usages   
Social acceptability   

Infringement of human rights      

Human rights

by a third party with
direct or indirect links to Orange

Inability to adapt to new      

ways of working

Health and safety (incl.      
electromagnetic fields)      
Infringement of      

fundamental freedoms due to  

injunctions from local authorities

Strengthening the trusted     

third party role

Cybersecurity services for     

business customers

Disclosure, usurpation,  
 inappropriate storage  

of personal data

Privacy  
and data  
protection 

Technology providers     

accessing company data

New customers and revenues   
(network coverage and quality)

Quality of essential services   
(fixed and mobile networks, 
internet and related key services)

Regional 
development

Economic considerations

Risks*

Opportunities

Macroeconomic 
context

    Geopolitical instability
    Economic crisis in one  

    Economic growth
    New sources of financing  

of Orange’s operating countries

(Socially Responsible Investors)

Regulation

Competition

    Mandatory investment  

in networks
    Licence costs 
    Tax increases 
    Drop in regulated prices
    Compliance with GDPR/
environmental standards

    Additional constraints 

    Price pressure
     Race to deploy fixed networks 
(fibre) and mobile networks  
(4G/5G) 

     Lack of new skills
    Disintermediation by digital 

companies 

    Disruptive innovation

    Revenues from the coverage and 
quality of the networks deployed
    Costs of priority network access 

for established operator and/or the 
challenger

    Low-carbon and circular economy 

products and services

    Investment in skills 
    Improved agility and operational 

efficiency

    Revenues from innovative  

services

Key suppliers

     Dominant position of certain 

      Purchase price reductions  

suppliers or partners

through volume

     Scarcity of essential natural 

    Co-developing solutions with 

resources

suppliers

Digital  
security and 
sovereignty

      Business interruption
      Deterioration of service quality 
     Unlawful access to data/

cyberattack

     Development of cyberdefense 

activities

    Consolidation of internal  

expertise

*   We explain how we identify, manage and govern our risks in the 

“Integrated Approach” section of this report on page 122.

   
  
     
     
     
    
   
   
24

Social and economic  
impact
— 

Conducting socio-economic impact studies enables us to measure our contribution to the 
development of the countries in which we operate. After conducting studies in France and Niger in 
2017, we extended the initiative to five other countries in Africa: Cameroon, Côte d’Ivoire, the 
Democratic Republic of the Congo, Guinea and Senegal. The studies look beyond the Group’s local 
presence alone, measuring the impact of the social and economic footprint on several levels.

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Orange’s footprint  
in six African countries 

Local footprint

Simple economic 
footprint

Value added
in millions  
of euros 

Direct jobs

Value added

Induced jobs

Total  
footprint*
% of GDP

The analysis framework
Simple economic footprint (local expenditure)
The input-output method, based on the work of 
Wassily Leontief for which he won the Nobel Prize in 
Economics, is used to analyse the extent to which 
the monetary flows generated by our operations 
locally drive economic activity and employment 
nationally (purchases, wages and tax).

Extended economic footprint 
This wider measure builds on the above method, 
enabling us to measure the impact of:
      our CSR actions, or the value created by our 

corporate social responsibility programmes such 
as device recycling and Orange Foundation 
initiatives to set up and manage Orange villages. 
The method estimates the impact of these 
programmes on the purchasing power of 
beneficiaries who may be offered free access to a 
new service or save on household essentials, for 
example; 

    the use of our products and services, 

estimating the value created for businesses and 
individuals using our infrastructure, products and 
services, which increase productivity, accelerate 
regional development and contribute to national 
GDP growth. 

The results
Simple economic footprint
The monetary flows generated by our operations 
multiplied local value added by two, and in some 
cases three, in the countries studied. The results 
expressed in terms of induced jobs were also 
significant and present even more marked variations 
between countries (×180 in Guinea and ×80 in 
Cameroon), which predominantly reflect wage 
differences between the countries.

Total footprint
The total footprint is the sum of the local, simple 
and extended footprints, expressed here as 
Orange’s contribution to GDP per country. This  
was considerable: boosting GDP in Cameroon by 
7.8%, in Guinea by 8% and as much as 11% in  
Côte d’Ivoire. KPMG prepared a reasonable 
assurance report to verify the Group’s social value 
calculation and the results obtained for Niger and 
Senegal, countries of very different sizes.  
Both the verification and a methodology note by the 
consultancy firm that supported Orange with the 
analysis, Goodwill Management, are available  
on www.orange.com.

Cameroon  

107 

601 

×3  

×80   

7.8%

Côte d’Ivoire  

530 

1,965 

×2.1    

×46  

11%

Democratic
Republic  
of the Congo

49 

580 

×3.5  

×150 

1.5%

Guinea 

112 

350 

×1.8  

×180  

8%

Niger 

37 

531 

×1.8  

×42 

2.8%

Senegal 

387 

1,789 

×2.3  

×37  

11%

* Source: Goodwill Management 

  
 
 
26

Part I

Our areas  
of excellence  
today

In recent years, Orange has built strong capabilities  
including cutting-edge networks, unique expertise in  
customer experience, a digital and caring employer promise  
and a culture of innovation. 

28

Cutting-edge networks  
— 

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Offering optimum connectivity 
We guarantee our customers the best connectivity, 
with optimum throughput, volume and quality through 
a mix of submarine cables, land networks, fibre and 
radio. Between 2015 and 2018, we invested  
€17 billion in our networks to meet a growing range of 
emerging needs, including increasing numbers of 
screens, VOD services, professional mobile apps, the 
Internet of Things and artificial intelligence. We have 
primarily focused on extending 4G coverage in 
Europe and in Africa and the Middle East, continuing 
to deploy fibre and building a submarine information 
superhighway.

Stepping up fibre deployment for very 
high-speed broadband
Orange is boosting connectivity at home with FTTH 
(Fibre to the Home) technology, which makes it 
possible to offer individuals data throughput of up to  
1 Gbit/s, which will increase to 10 Gbit/s through 
equipment upgrades. At the end of 2018, Orange 
calculated that 32.5 million homes around the world 
were connectable to very high-speed broadband. We 
provide broadband and very high-speed broadband 
to 14 million homes in Spain and 12 million homes in 
France through our fibre networks. In Slovakia, a total 
of 467,000 homes now receive FTTH. At the end of 
2018, we carried almost 70% of all the fibre optic 
rolled out throughout the whole of France and signed 
six new agreements for Public Initiative Networks with 
local authorities. In Africa and the Middle East, fibre is 
distributed in Jordan, Egypt, Côte d’Ivoire, Morocco, 
Senegal and Mali. Still on the subject of very high-
speed broadband, but this time in space, in 2018, 

Orange finalised an agreement with Eutelsat to offer 
high quality internet access via satellite to all its 
customers in Europe, especially people living in rural 
areas. 

4G for everyone
Orange consolidated its footprint in European  
4G and 4G+ networks, increasing its coverage to 
nearly 100% in certain countries like Belgium and 
Poland. We are the leading operator in terms of 
customers in seven of our eight operating countries in 
Europe. In Slovakia, Orange 4G is available to 94% of 
the population. We also signed an agreement with 
the government and two other operators to provide 
country-wide broadband coverage by 2020.  
Orange offers the most widespread mobile coverage 
in France, reaching 99% of the population via 3G+ 
and over 98% via 4G. By the end of 2019, we will 
have finished upgrading almost all of our 3G radio 
sites into 4G. In Africa and the Middle East, 4G has 
outpaced 3G in terms of network data traffic 
volumes, now totalling over 2 GB per month per 
customer. 4G is currently used by nearly 
17 million customers across 12 countries. By 2019, 
Orange 4G covered 93% of the population in Egypt, 
62% in Senegal and 50% in Botswana. 
We will continue to roll out the network, primarily in 
Burkina Faso and Sierra Leone. At the same time, we 
have deployed a radio network in six countries in 
Africa and the Middle East using Long-Term 
Evolution-Time Division Duplex (LTE-TDD), a 4G 
telecommunications technology, to bring fixed 
internet connectivity to homes that are not connected 
via ADSL or fibre.

56 million 4G customers 
around the world

Our 4G coverage reaches an average of over 95% of Europe’s population
(99.8% in Poland - 99.7% in Belgium - 98.6% in France - 98% in Moldova -  
96.9% in Spain - 96.9% in Romania - 94% in Slovakia).

 
30

“Our situation is rather unusual, 
given that most of our people are 
based out at sea. By improving 
connectivity on our ships, the crews 
can now access the internet more 
easily, which facilitates business 
communication but also helps them 
to stay in touch with their friends 
and family. That makes a huge 
difference on board.”
 — 
René Kofod-Olsen 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, Topaz

“To attract and retain a 
hyperconnected audience,  
the network has to work  
flawlessly, even when you’re  
three floors underground!”
 — 
Isabelle Hervouet 
Director of Digital in Europe,  
Unibail-Rodamco-Westfield

“Operators need to invest 
heavily to extend 
and improve network quality 
and capacity  
(4G, 5G, fibre, etc.).”
 — 
Alexandre Iatrides 
Analyst at ODDO BHF Securities 

  No.1   
69%   
29 
190
34,000 

mobile network in France 
for the 8th year running
in the ARCEP ranking

of fibre roll-out in France  
completed by Orange 

million
homes connectable to FTTH  
in Europe  

thousand kilometres 
of fibre optic submarine cable 
installed by Orange Marine 
since 1985

employees 
working solely on networks  
throughout the world

 
 
32

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Convergence at the heart of our 
strategy
In Europe, deploying our very high-speed broadband 
has given us a competitive advantage in fixed/mobile 
convergence – an area that we are already 
spearheading with 10.9 million customers at  
end-2018. The greater pace of growth in mobile 
contract and fixed broadband customers was driven 
by the success of our Love convergence offers on the 
continent. In Poland for example, Orange Love is the 
most popular package for homes, exceeding the  
1 million customer mark in October 2018. 

France heading towards full IP  
Orange is currently upgrading its landline network in 
France to better satisfy changing customer needs and 
guarantee the highest possible quality of service. 
Telephony services currently use the old fixed 
switched telephone network (STN), but are 
increasingly moving towards Internet Protocol (IP) 
technology, which has emerged as a global standard. 
Since the end of 2018, new fixed telephone lines have 
been built using Voice over IP (VoIP) technology. The 
STN will continue to run for all existing lines, with 
gradual migration scheduled to begin around the end 
of 2023.

Connectivity and operator services
Orange sells connectivity solutions to specialist 
telephony providers, domestic and international 
operators in the wholesale and retail markets as well 
as content and internet service providers. In 2018, we 
brought all these solutions together within a single 
entity named Wholesale International Networks. Our 
long-distance land, submarine and satellite network 

infrastructure, as well as our local presence throughout 
the world, enables us to offer connectivity to over  
200 internet service providers serving end users in 
over 220 countries. In 2018, in order to make internet 
traffic routes more secure and meet ever-increasing 
customer demand, we:
   opened a single access point between Asia, the 

Middle East and West Africa by connecting several 
submarine cables via a new land connection 
between Marseille and Penmarch in France;
   signed an agreement to invest in the MainOne 

submarine cable to boost growth in our fixed and 
mobile services in Africa, especially in Côte d’Ivoire 
and Senegal; 

   pooled our resources with Google for the new 

Dunant submarine cable that will connect France to 
the US and consolidate our position as market 
leader on the international wholesale capacity 
market;

   finalised a partnership with PCCW Global to deploy 
the PEACE submarine cable (Pakistan & East Africa 
Connecting Europe), which will strengthen ties 
between the world’s three most populated 
continents, connecting Pakistan, Djibouti, Kenya, 
Egypt and France.

In 2018, we celebrated 40 years of satellite 
communications at Bercenay-en-Othe in France, a 
strategic facility that provides connectivity services for 
a wide range of business customers. We are also 
developing enriched data and connectivity services 
for operators. For example, Ethernet Now provides 
bandwidth on demand for our wholesale customers, 
allowing them to manage their Ethernet connections 
via an online platform. 

450,000 km  
of submarine cable 

Orange is a leading provider of intercontinental internet traffic and owns or co-owns 
450,000 km of submarine cable throughout the world. That’s enough to wrap around 
the Earth 10 times!

 
34

Unmatched customer 
experience  
— 

The “customer-first” reflex 
Our goal is to give our 264 million customers an 
unmatched omni-channel experience combining 
human and digital resources. Day in, day out, our 
frontliners demonstrate ingenuity and commitment to 
do just that in our stores, call centres, online, in our 
offices and in our customers’ homes. We always aim 
to further simplify our services, digitise customer 
journeys and customise our responses. At the end 
of 2018, Orange was the company the most likely to 
be recommended by its customers in 15 out of 
23 consolidated countries. 

Round-the-clock customer service 
with the My Orange app  
Using their smartphones, our customers have a simple 
way to contact us, safe in the knowledge that 
someone is always available to help. This is what the 
My Orange app provides for 18.5 million active users 
across the world. Customers are empowered and 
have the answers at their fingertips. The app allows 
them to access important information such as their 
data usage and contract details and upgrade or 
change their tariff. Our customers in France can now 
contact an advisor directly via live chat on the 
My Orange app. 

883 Smart Stores across  
the world
Orange has opened Smart Stores in 16 countries 
offering a combination of sales channels for a fluid 
and seamless digital-physical experience. The 
interactive points of sale, with shop floors ranging 
from 20 m² to 1,000 m², offer customers innovative 
services and digital support. To complement  
our stores, we are continuing to develop an  
omni-channel distribution experience with our digital 
retail programme, deploying a multitude of initiatives 
throughout the world including GPS store localisation, 
online stock visibility, in-store collection and online 
sign-up. In Jordan for example, the Sweifieh Smart 
Store uses electronic price tags to save time and 
money and reduce the risk of error. In Egypt, 
employees are using multi-service tablets in around 
20 stores.

The Chatbot and AI revolution
We are convinced that customer service is one of 
our main competitive advantages, particularly with 
the use of artificial intelligence and chatbot 
technology. In 2018, we launched customer 
relationship chatbots in Romania, Jordan and Poland 
following the successful launches by Orange Bank in 
France and our customer experience teams in Spain. 
At Orange Bank, all customer requests made via  
the mobile app are first processed by our virtual 
assistant Djingo, which passes them on to an advisor 
if necessary. Since it was launched, Djingo has had 
over 1.5 million conversations with our customers. 
Similarly, the chatbot on the Orange Spain app and 
website handled around 125,000 conversations on 
average per month. Altogether, Orange chatbots 
engaged in almost 3 million conversations in 2018. In 
2019, we are aiming for 8 million!

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

7 times faster broadband

In 2018, we exceeded the objectives we had set for Essentials2020,  
giving our customers smoother and faster internet access on both fixed and mobile 
networks. Between 2014 and 2018, we multiplied average broadband  
speed for fixed internet network users by seven and average speed across  
mobile networks by three.  

 
  
36

“To respond to changes in our 
customers’ purchasing habits and 
behaviours we have transformed 
the way we develop our services. 
We needed to maintain our 
customer-first reflex, but also to 
think ‘digital’. We have adapted 
the Group’s Digital Ready training 
programme to our needs here in 
Senegal.” 
 — 
Fatoumata Sene 
Head of marketing and sales, Orange Senegal

“The support I received in  
an Orange accessibility store 
taught me to use a mobile phone 
and the internet.”
 —  
Martine Hermans 
Member of the charity Rétina France and a 
visually impaired person

“An operator’s main source  
of value is people. We have to build 
relationships based on trust, both  
with our employees and our 
customers. Without loyal customers 
and committed employees, you just 
don’t have a business.” 
 —  
Frédéric Colard 
Director of Operations at Générale de téléphone

264 
18.5  
34% 
883
78%

million 
customers worldwide

million
active users of the My Orange  
app, including 3.5 million  
in Africa and the Middle East

increase in users 
of the My Orange app in Africa  
and the Middle East in 2018

Smart Stores Group-wide, 
including 269 in France,  
535 in Europe and 79 in Africa  
and the Middle East

of requests submitted 
to Djingo at Orange Spain  
were resolved without  
any human intervention

 
 
     
38

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Listening and responding to improve  
customer experience
We have fully transformed the way we operate to 
place the customer at the centre of our business 
and to apply our listening and responding principle  
across the Group. Our Essential Voices 
programme challenges all employees, whatever 
their role in the business, to place greater 
importance on customer feedback. The 
programme was developed through Group-wide 
collaboration and, in 2018, shared best practice 
feedback initiatives from Egypt, Spain and Poland 
and Orange Business Services. For example, 
Orange Business Services Egypt trained all  
2,000 employees on how to document the 
customer feedback collected in order to share it 
across the company and follow up with concrete 
actions. This focus on listening has a positive 
impact on the customer journey. The AXiOM 
programme, which was launched in 2016 and 
adopted in all countries that provide Orange 
Money services, has allowed us to analyse and 
redesign the way customers use our mobile money 
transfer and payment system. We put ourselves in 
their position and acted on their feedback – for 
example by making it easier to open an account and 
enabling customers to deposit money anywhere and 
at any time. AXiOM has also helped to bring down 
the monthly cost of Orange Money-related calls on 
the helpline in Mali and has halved the number of 
calls to unlock PIN codes in Madagascar. The 
listening and responding principle is applied across 
the entire business to improve customer experience, 
as testified in the “Customer Experience is 
Everyone’s Responsibility” video series in which the 
camera follows members of the Executive 
Committee for a day in the life at Orange. 

Analysing data to sharpen  
customer insight
To provide an unmatched customer experience 
tailored to the individual, we need to know who we are 
talking to and understand the way they use our 
services. That is what why we collect, process and 
analyse customer data. Thanks to our Customer 
Experience Management systems, our advisors have 
access to information on network issues a customer 
may have experienced such as telephone or data 
service problems in a given area or past network 
incidents. This information enables them to provide 
personalised answers and advice and also helps our 
marketing and technical departments make informed 
decisions about where best to invest to improve the 
customer experience. 

Developing our skills  
The importance we give to actively listening to our 
customers and responding accordingly is embodied 
by agile working practices and design thinking. 
For example, 1,000 employees from Orange Business 
Services completed the CX Makers customer 
experience training programme. They receive support 
from CX partners to integrate this priority right from 
the project development stage (proposals, processes, 
etc.). Similarly, to keep people at the centre of a 
world undergoing widespread digital transformation, 
Orange is looking to develop the interpersonal skills 
of its employees. The Orange in Touch training 
programme covers two main aspects of the 
customer relationship: the mindset and how to do 
and say things. More than 14,000 employees have 
completed the programme in 15 of the Group’s 
countries and businesses. In 2019, we will 
concentrate efforts on training managers.

3 million
conversations

In 2018, customer relationship chatbots at Orange handled  
3 million conversations. In 2019, we aim to reach 8 million.

 
  
40

A digital  
and caring  
employer 
— 

An employee experience  
to match the customer experience
That is the digital and caring employer promise 
Orange made to its 151,000 employees to ensure 
that each individual feels fully engaged in the 
shared ambitions of the Group. Delivering on our 
promise means leveraging the appropriate 
technology to accelerate progress in the workplace, 
prioritising career development and ensuring 
working conditions meet the everyday needs of our 
employees. The promise demonstrates how we 
place people unequivocally at the centre of our 
business and requires each individual to be able to 
see positive change in their daily lives.

A learning organisation
In 2017, we signed an agreement to champion 
employee skills and qualifications. In keeping with 
this, we’re continuing to develop the key skills we’ll 
need for the future and enhance employability by 
preparing people for shifts in their professions. This 
will enable them to develop soft and hard skills 
(listening and responding, using and securing  
data etc.) and priority expertise (cybersecurity, data 
and artificial intelligence) according to their needs 
and activities. Orange Campus – the Group’s 
training centre for managers – will open its doors to 
all employees in 2019 to help everyone prepare for 
their future workplace, helping them access training 
in new professions and even receive certifications 
or qualifications. The Group is also developing  

new learning experiences by collaborating with 
leading partners (schools, universities, businesses, 
start-ups etc.) to deliver easy, permanent access  
to e-learning via a range of mobile, immersive  
and adaptive learning formats.

Collaboration  
and collective agility 
We want our workplaces to encourage 
collaboration, collective agility and creativity. That’s 
why we’re transforming our offices into modular 
workspaces that promote new ways of working. 
Opened in 2018, the Orange Business Services 
offices in the La Défense business district near 
Paris are a prime example, as is the new Orange 
Spain head office, as well as programmes open to 
start-ups and co-working solutions like La Villa 
Bonne Nouvelle in the French capital. Plazza, our 
corporate social network, is used regularly by one 
in every two employees, which also helps to 
stimulate a collaborative working environment and 
break down barriers to information. The Oz 
employee innovation programme offers employees 
the opportunity to express their ideas and make 
them a reality to improve the customer experience 
or their own experience at work.

Listening to employees  
and labour relations
We conducted our first Group-wide “Your 
Employee Barometer” survey in 2017 to evaluate 
the extent to which employees feel we are 
respecting our digital and caring employer promise, 
which helps to improve quality of life at work.  
In 2018, over half of all employees took part in the 
survey, and we collected more than 18,000 additional 
comments. Furthermore, Orange employees in 
France take part in a survey assessing working 
conditions and psychosocial risk factors, which is 
conducted once every three years. The Group also 
continues to sign and renew agreements with trade 
unions. In France, for example, the new 
intergenerational agreement, which was signed in 
2018 for the 2019-2021 period, includes measures 
to recruit young people, help older employees 
prepare for retirement and ensure knowledge 
transfer.

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Top Employer Global

Orange was awarded Top Employer Global certification in February 2019  
for the fourth year running. The certification recognises excellence 
 in the conditions that employers create for their people.  
Orange is the only telecoms operator among the 14 Top Employers  
in the Global category.

  
 
  
42

“To make equal opportunities 
a reality, we need to talk more 
about equality. We must lift the 
censorship we impose on ourselves 
and give young people the chance 
to grasp the corporate culture and 
the way things are done so they 
can progress quicker.”
 — 
Amélie Kanagasabai  
Orange Graduate Programme,  
Deputy Manager Rouen Megastore

“The way workplaces are set up 
is the tangible demonstration of 
the employer’s commitment. The 
office has become a stage for the 
employee experience, a place where 
they can engage and find fulfilment.”
 —  
Flore Pradère 
Intelligence Manager and Business Development, 
Offices for the Future JLL

“The things you learn at school 
aren’t enough to take you through 
your whole career. Everyone – 
students, employees, entrepreneurs 
and self-employed people – has to 
keep learning and expanding their 
knowledge every day.”
 —  
Carolina Diaz-Lönborg 
Business Developer, Kokoroe

7%  
11,000   
> 6,000  
  87.8% 
35,000 

of the workforce  
is made up of people with  
disabilities (Orange SA)

external recruitments  
on unlimited contracts across the 
Group, including 3,200 in France

interns and work-study employees  
joined the Orange group in France 

of employees  
say they are proud to work  
at Orange

employees 
took part in the Oz employee  
innovation programme

 
 
     
44
44

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Diversity and gender equality  
in the workplace 
Orange has been committed to improving gender 
equality in the workplace for over ten years.  
Today, women account for 36% of the workforce. We 
are concentrating on equal pay, work-life balance, 
access for women to managerial positions and 
gender balance at all levels and in all areas of the 
business, particularly in more technical roles.  
The fifth Gender Equality and Work-Life Balance 
agreement for 2018-2020 was signed unanimously by 
trade unions in 2018. All the Group’s operating 
countries are working to promote diversity and gender 
equality in the workplace. Five subsidiaries obtained 
the Gender Equality European and International 
Standard (GEEIS) in 2018, which brought the total 
number of entities certified to 17. Stakeholder 
dialogue for diversity and equality in the workplace 
was also deployed in nine countries in 2018 including 
Spain and Tunisia. Lastly, Poland launched 
Razem.One at the end of 2018. The initiative aims to 
raise awareness of the positive impact of gender 
equality on business.

Promoting disability inclusion
In December 2018, we signed a partnership 
agreement with the French national employment 
agency Pôle emploi to promote the employment of 
people with disabilities, who now account for 7% of 
the workforce. Orange SA is committed to pursuing 
its inclusion policy and recruiting 150 disabled 
workers between 2017 and 2019. This commitment, 
which is shared across the entire Group, was the 
motivation behind many Orange subsidiaries and 
sites taking part in the United Nations International 
Day of Persons with Disabilities. 

Equal opportunities and professional 
integration
More than 800 employees at Orange are supporting 
young people from underprivileged backgrounds into 
the world of work. In France and Romania, the Capital 
Filles initiative is helping hundreds of girls from 
disadvantaged or rural areas find jobs. In France and 
Morocco, the Article Un initiative is providing young 
people from underprivileged backgrounds the 
opportunity to access high-growth industries. In 
France, we are also supporting the non-profit Energie 
Jeunes to tackle the problem of school dropout rates 
and have created the Nos Quartiers ont des Talents 
initiative to help qualified young people from 
disadvantaged areas into employment. 

Recruiting tomorrow’s talent
Orange is deploying an increasing number of  
innovative initiatives to recruit the talent that will  
ensure the Group’s success for years to come.  
In May 2018, we presented our services and diverse 
range of career opportunities to the public, students, 
partners and local authorities in 11 towns in France at 
the Hello Jobs fair. In September 2018, we launched 
our first social media recruitment campaign, 
#LifeAtOrange, which encouraged our employees to 
share the reasons they believed applicants should join 
the Group. Lastly, Orange Middle East and Africa is 
promoting its diversity policy with a programme 
designed to attract and train employees and external 
candidates with high potential for management 
positions in the region. These initiatives are yielding 
results because, for the third year running, Orange 
topped the #HappyCandidates survey, which 
measures overall satisfaction with the recruitment 
process among more than 1,000 employees. 

Bloomberg 2019 Gender 
Equality Index

Orange is ranked among the 230 top performers for gender equality in the workplace.

 
  
46

Transforming 
innovation  
into progress 
each day
 — 

Inclusive innovation
Orange takes a positive, human and responsible 
approach to technology. We believe the digital 
revolution brings a wealth of opportunity, as long as it 
is inclusive and benefits both society as a whole and 
the planet. That’s the only way it will achieve progress 
for the entire population. All new products and 
services have to be designed to be useful,  
easy-to-use and accessible to all. People have to be 
the focal point of any development. We have to take 
future users into account right from the start and all 
the way through to the end stages of everything we 
do. Users should not have to adapt to technology; it’s 
up to us to make it accessible.

IoT, AI, 5G – networks  
and data driving meaningful  
progress for people
Such innovation has fostered developments in many 
parts of the digital sector. We strive to make 
connectivity accessible in any place, at any time, in 
particular by rolling out 5G. We aim to optimise and 
enrich people’s digital experiences through the 
Internet of Things (IoT), data and artificial intelligence 
(AI). To achieve this goal, we structure our efforts 
around three strategic areas of focus.

Maintaining standards of excellence in our core 
technology, our networks, to offer users the best 
possible connectivity, whether they are at home, on 
the move or at work. We are conducting tests and 
trials alongside our partners to prepare for the launch 

of 5G in France and Europe. In 2019, we will move 
into a pre-commercial phase to gradually roll out the 
5G network in 17 cities throughout Europe 
(particularly in France, Poland, Belgium, Luxembourg 
and Romania), and as a pilot project in Spain. This will 
allow thousands of customers to get a first taste of  
5G technology. 
Making customer relationships even more 
practical and streamlined, through AI development. 
Virtual assistants are powerful tools that enable us to 
build unmatched customer relationships. At the same 
time, we are applying breakthroughs in AI to redesign 
the business of the future, network management and 
mobile banking. 
Putting together an offering that makes sense for 
our customers, with easy-to-use and effective 
communication services – such as those used in 
connected homes, smart cities and autonomous 
vehicles – and services to businesses that leverage 
IoT and Networks as a Service (NaaS). 

Influential innovation
Orange has a role to play in the digital and technology 
race, in particular by taking part in global 
organisations such as the GSMA (the trade body that 
represents the interest of mobile operators), where we 
spearhead matters relating to interoperability and 
identity. The Group is also involved in deploying 
ambitious and fast-paced European innovation 
policies for ongoing digital development, which has 
led to a number of highly productive research 
collaborations. The smart speaker Djingo developed 
with Deutsche Telekom as part of the European AI 
Alliance is a great example of such collaboration.

Combining local agility and global 
strength
On a global scale, the strength of the Group gives its 
entities access to resources, skills and expertise for 
making informed decisions, especially when it comes 
to technological choices. Our international status 
enables our entities to access the partnerships 
established with global giants such as Google, 
Facebook and Amazon. Our approach to innovation 
meets the needs that are emerging locally within our 
operating countries and adapts to issues being raised 
in local markets and regional economies. 

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Inclusive innovation

Orange’s answer to the risk of digital exclusion – 
 to the high-tech gadgets that only a select few can afford –
is inclusive innovation. 
This inclusion is native to our innovation in every area: 
IoT, artificial intelligence and even networks.

 
 
48

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Integrated research 
Research at Orange into disruptive technologies, 
new usages and alternative economic models is 
shaping the future. Our researchers, working 
closely with our own innovators and innovation 
communities, are cultivating strategic assets in the 
form of skills, intellectual property, standards and 
partnerships. This was the framework for our 
integrated research in 2018. We were involved in 
over 50 projects in France and Europe, including 
the AI4EU initiative that unifies Europe’s artificial 
intelligence community. We are also taking part in 
the European 5G Infrastructure public-private 
partnership, which in 2018 launched 5G-CroCo,  
a collaborative pan-European project to trial  
5G technologies for connected and autonomous 
vehicles on motorways. 
   640 researchers including 140 at doctorate  

or post-doctorate level
   222 patents filed in 2018
   Identified as a Key Innovator by the European 

Commission’s Innovation Radar 

   Winner of two Gold Awards at the fourth 
annual Trophées du Droit (intellectual 
property)

Accessibility to facilitate 
communication for all
One of our top priorities is to design ways for people 
to communicate, along with new interfaces that 
improve access to digital technologies. We are 
committed to enabling digital inclusion for elderly and 
disabled people and develop products and services 
for the common good. For example the Dot Watch, a 
connected watch designed for people with visual 
impairments, receives and displays messages and 
notifications from a great many applications through a 
braille interface. 

Spaces and resources to innovate 
together
Orange believes that innovation is most effective 
when the people who will use it are involved in its 
development. In 2018, Orange Business Services 
opened a space in its new offices, the Digital 
Customer Innovation Centre, dedicated to 
collaborative development with customers, 
businesses, start-ups and partners. Orange technical 
engineers facilitate product and service development 
through the Orange Developer programme. 
   60 application programming interfaces (APIs) 
   3,000 developers using our APIs each month

Our start-up ecosystem
The Group aims to support 500 start-ups around the 
world between now and 2020 through programmes 
tailored to their stage of maturity, from the early days 
to scaling up through to maturity. We help them 
through a variety of programmes, such as the Orange 
Fab France start-up accelerator, hackathons and the 
Orange Social Entrepreneur Prize Africa and Middle 
East, which recognises start-up projects that help 
improve the living conditions of local people through 
digital. Our corporate fund, Orange Digital Ventures, 
invests in around 20 start-ups that have reached 
maturity. In 2018, the African branch, Orange Digital 
Ventures Africa, selected Africa’s Talking and Yoco to 
make its first-ever investments. Within the Group, 
Orange offers its employees the possibility of 
expressing their entrepreneurial flair by creating  
spin-offs or within the Intrapreneurs Studio.
   16 countries in which the Orange Fab network is 

present throughout the world

   First class of graduates from the Women Start 
programme run by Orange Fab France in 2018
   Over €430 million raised for start-ups backed by 

Orange Digital Ventures

€700 million invested  
in research and innovation

At 31 December 2018, we held a portfolio of almost 7,000 patents in France  
and around the world.

 
50

Highlights
 — 

Business
Three strategic 
acquisitions in data, 
cloud and healthcare
technology 

Mobile financial 
services 
All-mobile personal 
loans from Orange 
Bank

Content
OCS turns 10! 

Orange Business Services has 
strengthened its expertise in  
data analytics and governance 
through the Business & Decision 
acquisition. Basefarm has 
solidified our strategic position in 
the cloud market with  
cutting-edge technologies to 
manage critical applications and 
data analysis, big data and  
multi-cloud services. While 
Enovacom has enhanced Orange 
Healthcare’s range of solutions for 
IT system interoperability and 
security.

Orange Bank has expanded its 
product range with a pioneering 
personal loan solution. Customers 
can now apply for a loan using the 
mobile app and release the funds 
whenever they wish up to six 
months after their request is 
approved. This deal is a first on 
the market – and another example 
of the innovative, simple and 
helpful services we provide for 
everyone. 

Happy anniversary, OCS! Over 
the past decade, it has grown into 
a key player in France’s 
audiovisual landscape, and 
almost 3 million customers now 
enjoy its four channels (OCS Max, 
OCS City, OCS Choc and OCS 
Géants). Such success is down to 
the care we take to provide 
subscribers with unmatched 
content through high profile 
partnerships with HBO and 
Netflix. 

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Orange Wholesale
& International Networks 
is up and running

In 2018, this new division was created to develop our wholesale business 
in France and around the world, supporting growth in our BtoC and BtoB 
activities, and building network infrastructure with a view to cementing our 
strategic position among the world’s leading operators. 

52

Highlights
 — 

Africa
Solar power from 
Orange Energy

Networks
Orange is  
number one for  
fibre in Europe

Partnership
Alongside  
the World Cup 
winners

Access to energy is one of the 
essential needs we are looking to 
meet in Africa. By the end of 2018, 
Orange Energy kits for homes and 
businesses were available in 
seven countries (Burkina Faso, 
Côte d’Ivoire, Democratic 
Republic of the Congo, Guinea, 
Madagascar, Mali and Senegal). 
These portable systems are a 
sustainable source of energy that 
everyone can use. Orange Energy 
won the AfricaCom award for the 
most innovative service in 
November 2018.

We continued to roll out our fibre 
network at a very brisk pace in 
2018. We now have more than  
29 million FTTH-connectable 
homes in Europe, ranking us in 
first place for the third year 
running. Our business results 
have also hit a record high with 
almost 600,000 net sales in 
France, 623,000 in Spain and 
152,000 in Poland.

In May 2018, Orange became a 
prime partner to the Fédération 
Française de Football for a  
four-year period. So we were 
alongside the French national 
team, every step of the way to 
ultimate victory, at 2018 FIFA 
World Cup Russia™. We are also 
National Supporter of FIFA 
Women’s World Cup France 
2019™, and partner of the 
Confederation of African Football 
since 2008 and until 2024. 

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Road safety 

Orange is helping to keep its customers safe with advice on how to use  
their phone responsibly on the road. Our television and cinema campaign, 
Vous Rapprocher de l’Essentiel (“It’s all about what matters to you”) in France and seven 
other countries using the hashtag #LaBonneConduite (meaning driving safely)  
raised awareness of the dangers associated with using phones while  
driving, riding and walking.

 
  
54

2018 financial  
results
— 

2018 was marked by accelerating growth in 
revenues and adjusted EBITDA, up for the third 
consecutive year. This progression, along with 
excellent commercial performance across all of 
our geographic regions, confirmed our strategic 
focus on fibre, 4G and convergence has been 
effective.

Revenues
Orange Group revenues totalled €41.4 billion in 2018, 
an increase of 1.3% compared with 2017. In Africa 
and the Middle East, revenues rose by 5.1%. Driven 
by convergence, revenues progressed in Spain  
by 2.2%, in Europe by 1.7% and in France by 0.9%. 
Revenues from bundled services, which were 
deployed across all European countries, grew 10%  
in 2018, consolidating our position as the leading 
operator for convergence in Europe. Revenues from  
IT and integration services accelerated sharply  
(up 7.2%), driven by cloud and cyberdefense revenues 
in the Enterprise market.

Adjusted EBITDA and CAPEX
In 2018, Orange recorded adjusted EBITDA of  
€13 billion, a 2.7% improvement on 2017 as a result of 
the Group’s growing revenues and cost savings made 
under our operational efficiency plan. Between 2015 
and 2018, the plan achieved gross savings of  
€3.5 billion. The Group’s capital expenditure (CAPEX) 
increased by 3.5% in 2018 to €7.4 billion. Investment 
was channelled mainly into the deployment of fibre  
and mobile services.

This growth was due to a €51-million rise in operating 
income and a €353-million improvement in net finance 
costs, despite a €257-million rise in corporate income 
tax eroding part of this income.

Net financial debt
The Group’s net financial debt equalled €25.4 billion at 
the end of 2018, which was €1.6 billion more than the 
previous year as a result of our strategy to invest in 
developing very high-speed broadband networks and 
transforming the services we offer to businesses. 
The ratio of net financial debt to adjusted EBITDA from 
telecoms activities was 1.93×. This is in line with 
our medium-term objective to maintain a ratio of 
around 2×.

Dividend
The Board of Directors confirmed the payment of a 
€0.70 per share dividend for the 2018 financial year.*
The Board will propose the same amount for the 2019 
financial year.

2019 Outlook
The implementation of IFRS 16, which is applicable 
from 2019, has prompted us to review our indicators. 
Adjusted EBITDA will become EBITDAaL (“after lease”) 
and CAPEX will become eCAPEX (economic CAPEX). 
The application of the standard does not change the 
commitments communicated at the Investor Day in 
December 2017.
   2019 EBITDAaL growth will be slightly slower than 
2018 on a comparable basis due to competitive 
markets, particularly in France and Spain, and 
losses in online press services and audiobooks.

   2019 eCAPEX will be down slightly on 2018 CAPEX 

on a comparable basis.

   Operating cash flow in 2019 will exceed that 

achieved in 2018 on a comparable basis.

   The target ratio of net debt** to EBITDAaL for 

telecoms activities will remain at around 2× in the 
medium term.

Net income
In 2018, Orange’s consolidated net income totalled 
€2.2 billion, €118 million more than the previous year. 

Percentage differences are expressed on a comparable basis
* Subject to the approval of the Annual Shareholders’ Meeting
** Excluding IFRS 16 leases

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

 €41.4 
€13  
€2.2 
17.9%
€5.6

billion
consolidated revenues

billion
adjusted EBITDA

billion
consolidated net income

investment in telecoms  
as a percentage of consolidated 
revenues

billion
operating cash flow

 
56

Key Performance  
Indicators
Annual data 

 In millions of euros

Revenues 
Of which:
France 
Spain 
Europe 
Africa & Middle East 
Enterprises 
International Carriers & Shared Services 
Intra-Group eliminations 
Adjusted EBITDA*  
Of which telecom activities  
As % of revenues 
France  
Spain  
Europe  
Africa & Middle East  
Enterprises 
International Carriers & Shared Services  
Of which Orange Bank  
Operating income  
Of which telecom activities 
Of which Orange Bank  
Consolidated net income  
Net income attributable to equity owners of the Group  
CAPEX (excluding licences)  
Of which telecom activities  
As % of revenues  
Of which Orange Bank  
Operating cash flow  

2018

2017
comparable 
basis

2017
historical 
basis

Change 
comparable 
basis

Change 
historical 
basis

41,381 

40,837 

40,859 

1.3% 

1.3%

18,211 
5,349 
5,687 
5,190 
7,292 
1,534 
(1,882) 
13,005 
13,151 
31.8%  
7,076 
1,700 
1,508 
1,667 
1,245 
(45) 
(147)  
4,829 
4,997 
(169)  
2,158 
1,954 
7,442 
7,406 
17.9%  
36  
5,563 

18,048 
5,232 
5,593 
4,940 
7,308 
1,633 
(1,917) 
12,660 
12,721 
31.2%  
6,879 
1,568 
1,460 
1,585 
1,306 
 (77)  
(62)  

7,191 
7,131 
17.5%  
60  
5,469 

18,046 
5,231 
5,578 
5,030 
7,251 
1,651 
(1,928)  
12,680  
12,741 
31.2%  
6,878  
1,567  
1,456  
1,612  
1,306  
(78)  
(62)  
4,778  
4,870  
(93)  
2,040  
1,843  
7,209  
7,148  
17.5%  
61  
5,471  

0.9% 
2.2% 
1.7% 
5.1% 
(0.2)% 
(6.1)% 
-  
2.7%  
3.4% 
0.6 pts  
2.9%  
8.4%  
3.3%  
5.2%  
(4.7)%  
39.7%  
(136.3)%  

3.5%  
3.9%  
0.4 pts  
(40.4)%  
1.7%  

0.9%
2.3%
2.0%
3.2%
0.6%
(7.1)%
-
2.6%
3.2%
0.6 pts
2.9%
8.5%
3.6%
3.4%
(4.6)%
40.6%
(136.3)%
1.1%
2.6%
(80.9)%
5.8%
6.0%
3.2%
3.6%
0.4 pts
(40.4)%
1.7%

Net financial debt  
Ratio “net financial debt/Adjusted EBITDA  
for telecom activities”

31 December 2018

31 December 2017

25,441   
1.93× 

23,843
1.87×

Consolidated revenues

France 

Spain 

Europe 

Africa & Middle East  

Enterprises 

International Carriers & Shared Services 

Share performance in 2018 
Total shareholder return*

42.6%

 12.8%

13.5%

12%

16.7%

 2.4%

110.00

105.00 

100.00

95.00

90.00

85.00

80.00

Dec
2017

Jan
2018

Feb
2018

Mar
2018

Apr
2018

May
2018

Jun
2018

July
2018

Aug
2018

Sept
2018

Oct
2018

Nov
2018

Dec
2018

Share price at 31/12/2018 - €14.16

France CAC 40
Orange
Stoxx Europe 600 Telecom 

*Base 100: 1 January 2018 (dividends reinvested)

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
58

2018 non-financial results
 — 

Non-financial criteria are vital to long-term performance. That’s why Orange places corporate social 
responsibility at the heart of its strategy and takes into account the impacts of its operations on 
employees, society and the environment. Orange also ensures that human rights are protected not only 
internally, but also externally by customers and suppliers.

Human rights
Orange was one of the first companies to sign the 
United Nations Global Compact in 2000 and it actively 
strives to promote human rights and labour standards, 
protect the environment and fight corruption. We have 
made strong commitments with our trade unions to 
protect the fundamental rights of employees in all our 
operating countries. As we are well aware, we have a 
responsibility to ensure everyone within our sphere of 
influence – suppliers and service providers in particular 
– complies with our high standards, and as such we 
were a founding member of the Joint Audit 
Cooperation (JAC) initiative. The initiative brings 
together 16 telecoms operators to monitor, assess 
and develop CSR implementation throughout the 
telecoms supply chain. Lastly, to address growing 
concerns over freedom of expression and internet 
privacy, we are part of the Global Network Initiative, 
which aims to protect online privacy in a context of 
growing surveillance.

Employees
In 2018, we hired 11,152 people on unlimited 
contracts, 12% more than the previous year. At 
year-end, the Group had 150,711 active employees, 
with 147,123 on unlimited contracts and 3,588 on 
temporary contracts. With 4,887 people on  
work-study contracts in France in 2018, we are also 
supporting the professional integration of young 
people. Our diversity policy is in line with in our digital 
and caring employer promise. Gender equality, 
disability inclusion and equal opportunities are 
priorities across all our entities.

Society
Digital technologies are a strong driver of social  
and regional development. At Orange, we are 
expanding our network coverage, but also working 
to overcome the digital divide often created by age, 
vulnerability and disability. We also support 
entrepreneurs in all our operating countries and 
subsidiaries, particularly through our Orange Fab 
network that comprises 16 start-up accelerators 
across four continents. Lastly, our connectivity 
solutions enable us to deliver essential services in 
finance, energy access, agriculture, health and 
online education.

The environment
We are reducing the environmental impact of our 
products and services across their entire life cycle 
by integrating the circular economy in all our 
processes and operations. By 2020, we aim to 
collect 30% of unwanted mobiles from customers 
in Europe. In 2018, we reached 15.4%, which took 
the total number of mobiles collected since 2010 to 
13 million. We are also working to minimise the 
impact of our networks and IT systems that 
represent 82.1% of our energy use and 80.2% of 
CO2 emissions.
The Green ITN 2020 programme, which has been 
deployed across most of our operating countries, 
has slowed the growth of our energy consumption 
(Scope 1 and 2) to 0.45% compared with 2017 
levels, despite a continuing rise in usages (4% in 
the most representative countries).

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

29.8%   
120   
≈500 
83.3%   
116

of women  
in management networks  
(executive and leadership)

Chief Compliance Officers  
and Compliance Officers  
and 70 Ethics Advisors  
and Coordinators  

start-ups  
supported by Orange  
programmes  

Group waste recovery rate in 2018,  
up 1.2 points on 2017

CSR audits  
carried out in 2018 under  
the Joint Audit Cooperation

 
 
60
60

Environmental performance

Employee distribution

 Environmental performance 
 (energy) 

Units 

2018 

2017 

2016

Facilities presenting a risk
Fuel tank units 

Energy consumption – Scope 1
Fuel oil (all buildings and all uses) 
Gas 
Coal 
Gasoline-LPG for company cars 
Diesel for company vehicles 
Total Energy Scope 1 
CO2 emissions from fuel oil, gas and coal 
CO2 emissions from vehicles 
Scope 1 CO2 emissions (energy only) 
CO2 emissions from greenhouse gases
(refrigerants) 
CO2 not emitted due to carbon mitigation 
Scope 1 CO2 emissions 

Energy consumption – Scope 2
Electricity 
Of which green energy 
Scope 2 CO2 emissions 
Total CO2 emissions (Scope 1 + Scope 2) 

Energy consumption – Scope 3
Distance travelled by plane 
Distance travelled by train 
Scope 3 CO2 emissions 
Total CO2 emissions (Scope 1 + 2 + 3) 

France(1) 

Rest of the 
world 

Group 
Values 

Group 
Values 

Group
Values

units 

1,886 

2,369 

4,255 

4,228 

5,150

m³ 
m³ 
tonnes 
litres 
litres 
GWh 
tonnes CO2 
tonnes CO2 
tonnes CO2 

tonnes CO2e 
tonnes CO2e 
tonnes CO2 

GWh 
GWh 
tonnes CO2 
tonnes CO2 

km 
km 
tonnes CO2 
tonnes CO2 

14,867 
16,312,785 
NA 
2,117,244 
19,336,065 
556 
72,545 
58,213 
130,758 

52,064 

56 
3,880,188 

66,931 
3,682,356  19,995,141 
56 
5,997,432 
10,706,507  30,042,572 
*1,340 
219,321 
96,891 
316,212 

784 
146,776 
38,678 
185,454 

72,163 
17,884,871 
71 
3,408,576 
31,845,400 
1,373 
229,349 
95,687 
325,036 

68,219
20,237,227
52
3,963,869
32,569,408
1,365
223,045
99,000
322,045

0 
0 
130,758 

17,478 
(2,229) 
200,703 

17,478 
(2,229) 
*331,461 

6,723 
(2,154) 
329,606 

5,516
(2,185)
325,376

2,190 
0 
100,732 
231,491 

2,168 
526 
942,411 
1,143,114 

*4,357 
526 
*1,043,144 
1,374,605 

4,299 
493 
1,001,900 
1,331,506 

4,523
451
1,094,090
1,419,466

155,693,541 
78,416,014 
28,770 

90,870,556  246,564,097  250,765,793  253,654,993
94,097,363  106,460,338
12,617,816  91,033,830 
47,517
*46,170 

47,041 

17,401 

260,261 

1,160,515  *1,420,775 

1,378,547 

1,466,983

NA: non applicable.
As the values have been rounded to the nearest million, Group data may not represent the sum exact of the data published for France 
and the Rest of the World.
(1) Data for France includes Orange France, head office, Orange Marine and entities of Orange Business Services operating in France.
* Data reviewed by KPMG: reasonable assurance.

Employees by business line 

Customers 
Innovation 
Support departments  
Content & multimedia 
IT systems 
Networks 
Others 

Employees by geographical area

France 
Spain 
Poland  
Other European countries 
Africa 
Asia-Pacific 
Americas 

Gender equality in the workplace

% of women in the active workforce 
% of women in managerial positions 
% of women in management networks 

2018 

49.7% 
2.4% 
13.3% 
0.3% 
9.7% 
22.5% 
2.1% 

2018 

60.9% 
3.8% 
9.0% 
8.3% 
11.6% 
4.0% 
2.4% 

2018 

36.1% 
30.6% 
29.8% 

2017  

49.3% 
2.4% 
13.6% 
0.4% 
9.4% 
23.4% 
1.5% 

2017  

62.1% 
3.6% 
9.9% 
7.3% 
11.2% 
3.7% 
2.2% 

2017  

36.1% 
29.9% 
28.5% 

2016 

48.9%
2.3%
13.1%
0.4%
9.1%
23.9%
2.3%

2016 

62.9%
3.4%
10.3%
6.8%
10.7%
3.5%
2.4%

2016 

36.1%
29.4%
27.3%

 
   
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
62

Performance  
in 2018
 — 

France
Orange France generated revenues of €18.2 billion in 
2018 (up 0.9%*), posting growth for the second year 
running. This performance, which represented 42.6% 
of the Group’s consolidated revenues, was driven by 
the success of our convergence services, which grew 
by 10.2%.* The convergence customer base in 
France also rose to 6.1 million, up 2.6% on the 
previous year.

The Group is leading the high-speed and very 
high-speed fixed and mobile broadband markets. 
Orange was the first operator to have invested 
massively in fibre, and it continues to accelerate the 
roll-out of very high-speed broadband. At the end of 
2018, we had 2.6 million FTTH customers (up 29.7% 
year on year), with growth concentrated mainly in rural 
areas and public initiative networks. In 2018, we 
signed six new agreements with local authorities to 
operate fibre optic networks.

While subscriber numbers continued to rise, 
downward price pressure accentuated competition in 
the mobile market. This resulted in a 2.6%* drop in 
revenues despite a rise in net sales for both the 
Orange and Sosh brands. We continued to roll out 4G 
in 2018, achieving network coverage of 98.6% (2.7 
points higher than the previous year). For the eighth 
year running, the French telecoms regulator ARCEP 
ranked our 4G network as the best in France. It is the 
scale of this network investment that sets us apart 
from our competitors, totalling €9 billion between 
2015 and 2018. 

EBITDA in France grew for the fourth year running 
to reach €7 billion (up 2.9%*).

In October 2018, Orange launched a new HD TV 
set-top box that delivers high definition content. 
The box is ultra-compact, and its recycled plastic 
case, sustainable cardboard packaging and small 
size illustrate our approach to eco-design, 
optimising material use and transport. It is also 
designed to be easy to refurbish and recycle, 
thereby halving its carbon footprint. 

Europe
Orange operates in seven European countries 
outside France generating total revenues of over €11 
billion. We have almost 50 million mobile customers 
in the region (up 1.7% year on year), and 7.4 million 
fixed broadband customers (up 4.4% year on year). 
Underpinning this strong performance are the 
ongoing rollout of very high-speed mobile and fixed 
broadband, the introduction of new offers and our 
convergence strategy. Orange’s convergence 
customer base now stands at 4.8 million, 9.6% 
higher than in 2017.

Revenues in Spain, where we have operated for 
20 years, grew by 2.2%* to €5.3 billion. Our multi-
brand strategy, coupled with a strong focus on 
convergence packages and the rollout of cutting-
edge networks continued to yield excellent results. 

Despite persistently aggressive pricing, adjusted 

*Change on a comparable basis

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

A new eco-design  
set-top box

In France, Orange has launched a new TV HD set-top box that delivers high-definition 
content. The ultra-compact box is designed to be easy to repair and recycle,  
thereby halving its carbon footprint.

  
64

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

The number of very high-speed broadband 
customers grew by 27.6% to nearly 2.9 million, 
driven by national and international football-themed 
TV packages and excellent net sales in fibre. The 
Orange FTTH (Fibre to the Home) customer base 
was the fastest growing on the market. We launched 
Orange Series, which holds exclusive broadcast 
rights to a range of series, some in 4K. We also 
signed new agreements to further enhance our offers 
in content, for example with the FlixOlé platform. 
Adjusted EBITDA rose substantially by 8.4%* to 
reach €1.7 billion.

In Poland, where Orange celebrated 20 years of 
service, 1.2 million customers had signed up to the 
Love mobile, TV and internet package, up around 
20% on 2017. We continued rolling out our FTTH 
network, with nearly 3.4 million homes now  
fibre-ready. Revenues were back on the rise in the 
last two quarters of 2018 based largely on mobile 
services, equipment sales and electricity sales 
through Orange Energia. 

In Belgium, we enriched our convergence package 
with TV content via the Orange TV app. With Love 
internet and TV, the Group is now the first operator 
in Belgium to offer a cable package to customers 
across the country. In Luxembourg, Love now 
includes a 1Gbit/s high-speed fibre package and an 
LTE fixed Home Box package.

In Central Europe, Orange Romania won several 
awards in 2018 for network quality and has 
extended 4G coverage to 96.9% of the country,  
3.6 points higher than the previous year. We are 

also leading the field in innovation, ground testing 
the first 5G network in Europe in Cluj and launching 
Alex, the only chatbot on the Romanian market. In 
Slovakia, we concentrated on expanding  
high-speed broadband coverage, particularly via 
the FTTH network with 467,000 fibre-ready homes, 
while continuing to develop our 4G network. 
In Moldova, the Group focused on developing fixed 
services and convergence packages and confirmed 
its leadership in the mobile market. 

Africa and the Middle East 
Orange operates in 17 countries in Africa and the 
Middle East, 19 including joint ventures. The Group 
is present on mobile markets, except in Senegal, 
Côte d’Ivoire, Jordan and Morocco where it also 
delivers fixed broadband and landline telephone 
services to nearly 123 million customers. One in 
every ten people in Africa is an Orange customer. 
With revenues of €5.2 billion in 2018, up 5.1% on a 
comparable basis, Orange consolidated a return to 
growth for the second year running. Driving this 
performance were robust sales in mobile services, 
particularly Orange Money and data, which rose by 
7.6% in 2018 and accounted for 73% of revenues. 
Growth in the region was largely boosted by the 
development of data usage, made possible by the 
rollout of 4G in 12 countries in the region, 
connecting 16.7 million customers, and the 
deployment of fibre networks in six countries. 

*Change on a comparable basis

of revenues in Europe  
(excluding France)

retail convergence  
customers in Europe  
(excluding France)

€11 billion
4.8 million 
122.6 million 
2 billion
1 person in 10 in Africa

is an Orange customer 

transactions completed  
via Orange Money  

mobile customers in Africa and the 
Middle East, including 
16.7 million 4G customers

66

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Orange invests €1 billion each year in networks in 
Africa and the Middle East. Orange Money, the 
mobile financial service that was launched in 2008, 
contributed significantly to the Group’s 
performance. The service is available in 15 
countries in Africa and has 15.1 million active 
customers, up 35% and generating almost 2 billion 
transactions in 2018. New initiatives in the region 
accounted for a third of this growth. Revenues in 
Egypt and Morocco grew in 2018 by 8.7% and 
4.1%, respectively. Côte d’Ivoire also returned to 
growth, with revenues up 1.8% in the fourth 
quarter. 

Our ambition is to be a multi-service operator and 
key partner in our operating countries as 
businesses in Africa and the Middle East enter the 
digital age. Already established among the region’s 
leading telecoms operators, Orange aims to meet 
the population’s essential needs in financial 
services, education, agriculture, health and energy.

Enterprises
Year-on-year growth remained relatively flat for 
Enterprises, which recorded revenues of €7.3 billion  
in 2018 (down 0.2%), with a 1.2%* increase on  
2017 figures in the fourth quarter. Conventional 
telephony and data services dropped 2.4%,* as did 
annual revenues from mobile services (2.3%),* 
however performance bounced back in the fourth 
quarter of 2018, with a 2.5% improvement on the 
same period in the previous year.

cyberdefense and the cloud, which rose by 12% 
and 10%, respectively. In 2018, Orange confirmed 
its leadership position in SD-WAN networks when it 
signed a major agreement with Siemens. Nova 
Veolia and its subsidiary Birdz also chose to place 
their trust in Orange Business Services to support 
their move to digitise Veolia’s remote smart 
watermeter reading services in France. We also 
signed a contract with Enedis to manage and 
improve the security of their wide area network.

Furthermore, we continued to pursue our strategy to 
diversify into new services when in early 2019 we 
acquired the UK-based company SecureData in an 
effort to become one of Europe’s leading 
cybersecurity providers.

International Carriers & Shared 
Services 
International Carriers & Shared Services generated 
revenues of €1.5 billion in 2018. The 6.1%* drop 
(down 2.7%* in the fourth quarter) reflected the 
slowdown in international carrier voice services to 
Africa and Maghreb. CAPEX rose by 11.9% due, in 
part, to increasing investment in submarine cables, 
including the Kanawa cable that connects French 
Guiana, Martinique and Guadeloupe. In broadband 
and data transmission services, Orange has 
deployed new points of presence (PoPs), particularly 
in Romania, to expand broadband coverage and 
enhance connection speed and security.

Revenues from IT and integration services were up 
by 4.8%,* spurred on by strong growth drivers like 

*Change on a comparable basis

Cybersecurity:  
Orange invests in Morphisec

Orange Digital Ventures is investing in the start-up Morphisec in order to promote  
the development of proactive and simple solutions to emerging digital threats. The 
Morphisec solution will be rolled out in certain Orange  
operating countries to protect network security.

  
Part II

Our choices for  
a better  
tomorrow

Our leadership in terms of connectivity forms  
the foundation for our multi-service operator strategy.  
By developing networks, guiding businesses through their digital 
transformation and scaling up mobile financial services, 
content and smart services for everyday living, we are reinforcing  
our ability to create value in the years to come.

70

Working to develop digital  
inclusion and responsible uses  
 — 

In a world where new technologies are becoming more prevalent each day, limited internet access  
and e-illiteracy create a form of exclusion. As the range of uses increases, additional support is required 
to avoid people falling victim to excessive use and addiction. At Orange, we’re doing our bit to improve 
accessibility and make it safer to use digital technologies. 

Empowering people through inclusion  
Digital technologies can contribute significantly to 
individual and collective transformation, provided 
they are accessible and controlled. Orange has 
developed a number of initiatives to widen access, 
empower people through acquiring useful skills and 
promote a safe and worry-free digital experience in 
our operating countries. We offer a broad range of 
digital applications that benefit all individuals in their 
daily lives. It was these deep-rooted beliefs that 
drove us to launch Orange Money inclusive financial 
services in Africa ten years ago. Today, millions of 
people excluded from the banking system are able to 
make transactions using their mobile phones. 

Stakeholder dialogue  
and collaborative exchange  
for more effective action
As part of our stakeholder dialogue, we launched a 
consultation in France in 2018 on Vulnerability and 
Digital Technologies (Précarité et numérique).  
We measured expectations and put in place concrete 
actions such as developing an offering for the most 
vulnerable people. Inclusion is also one of the 13 
topics covered by the cross-sector Digital Society 
Forum, created by the Group to bring together 
experts, businesses, charities and individuals to 
explore the impact of digital technology on society. 

Universal connectivity
To ensure that everyone can enjoy the benefits of 
digital technology, Orange continues to develop 
regional coverage and connect up the most isolated 
areas. One example is the Public Initiative Networks 
scheme to bring broadband to rural areas in France. 
We are also extending and improving the quality of 
our global internet network by investing in  
450,000 kilometres of submarine cable. Through 
inclusive design, we are developing products and 
services that are as intuitive and accessible as 
possible to meet the needs of the elderly and 
people with disabilities. Our Autonomy programme, 
which is unique in Europe, and run through  
259 Autonomy-certified stores in France, brings 
accessibility into the 21st century by developing 
dedicated services, training advisors and adapting 
the distribution network.  
In 2018, Orange Spain launched Serena, an 
emergency remote assistance service for the 
elderly that can be accessed through an app or via 
a button on the handset. Orange Polska runs tech 
workshops and helps elderly customers master 
digital technologies throughout the year. Lastly, we 
have signed the French digital inclusion charter and 
channelled funds into a number of programmes 
including a government initiative to improve access 
to training for the digitally excluded.

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

One in two people  
have no access to 
the internet 

We are expanding our network coverage, supporting 
education and training initiatives and developing digital 
services to address essential universal needs in all our 
operating countries.

 
 
72

Offering essential services adapted 
to the needs of users
Digital technologies are being used as the basis  
for a growing number of initiatives in areas such as 
health or agriculture. Orange Egypt launched the 
M-Diabetes mobile app in 2014 in collaboration with 
the health and telecommunications ministries and the 
International Telecommunication Union to help 
combat diabetes and high blood pressure.  
In April 2018, a web and mobile-based platform called 
M-Makity was made available in Guinea to enable 
farmers to access advice, monitor prices and buy and 
sell products among themselves. The m-Women 
programme offers mobile services to empower 
women, addressing their essential needs in 
agriculture, health, education and personal finance.  

Using digital technology in education, 
training and professional integration 
Five years ago, the Orange Foundation launched its 
Digital Schools programme in 12 countries in Africa. 
More than 130,000 children can now access core 
educational content using tablets. #SuperCoder 
workshops that initiate young people to coding have 
been deployed in 20 countries with the support of 
Orange employees who have coached more than 
10,000 young people since 2014. Through the Grande 
école numérique africaine programme launched this 
year, we are going further to promote the 
development of digital skills in Africa. Two initiatives 
have been rolled out so far — the Sonatel Academy, 
the first free coding school in Senegal for  
18- to 30-year olds and the Orange Developer Centre 
in Tunisia, which is also free and teaches young 

people software development. We are also helping 
children with autism to communicate better by 
designing tablet-based learning tools. And lastly, the 
Orange Foundation uses digital technology to 
empower unqualified young people and women 
looking to break out of long-term unemployment to 
access work.
   532 schools in Africa have received interactive 

educational kits since 2014

Promoting digital solidarity 
Employees can sponsor people, volunteer or share 
their skills. In 2018, three programmes — Digital 
Centres for vulnerable women, Solidarity FabLabs 
and Local Missions for young people in difficulty — 
trained nearly 60,000 people across the world.
   700 skills-based volunteering missions in 2018

Supporting safe and worry-free  
digital usage
The misuse of digital technologies can result in 
abusive practices and negative consequences, 
particularly for teenagers. Orange offers technical 
solutions such as parental control and special 
children’s tariffs, and provides information for both 
young people and their parents. Orange France has 
created the website Bien vivre le digital (making digital 
technology work for you), which presents advice and 
best practice for digital technology. Orange Spain set 
up a similar initiative in 2018 called FamilyON, which 
promotes the safe and responsible use of technology, 
encourages parents and children to talk to each other 
and helps families develop digital skills. 

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

8,000 employees  
voluntarily support the  
Orange Foundation  

8,000 employees, working with the Orange Foundation,  
take part in training, mentoring and promoting inclusion of young 
people and the most vulnerable across 30 countries.

 
 
74

Investing  
and innovating  
in networks
— 

Orange wants to offer the most advanced 
connectivity to its customers anytime, anywhere. 
We are now the leading operator in seven of our 
eight European operating countries, a position 
we’re aiming to maintain with our 5G network. 
We are also looking to offer smooth and enriched 
digital experiences via network virtualisation, the 
Internet of Things, artificial intelligence and data.  

Leading the European  
market in 5G
5G will make new video formats (4K, 8K and 360°) 
more accessible and promote new experiences 
using virtual, augmented and mixed reality, for 
instance. It will enable new everyday applications 
across all sectors of the economy and smart cities.  
It also offers an alternative way for people to access 
very high-speed internet in countries where fibre 
infrastructure is not widespread. Throughout Europe, 
Orange trialled a number of real-life usage scenarios 
to demonstrate the way in which this technology will 
completely revolutionise the customer experience.  
In 2018, we conducted an initial field test alongside 
Samsung and Cisco for very high-speed internet in 
the home via 5G to complement existing fibre in 
Romania.  

In partnership with Ericsson and the vehicle testing 
group UTAC CERAM, we also trialled 5G in smart 
and autonomous vehicles. At the same time, Orange 
opened its 5G Lab to its partners so they could test 
their products and services. In addition, Orange 
Polska and Orange France successfully trialled the 
first commercial 5G base station to verify equipment 
capacity and integration into the network. 5G will be 
gradually rolled out across existing 4G radio sites so 
that it will eventually be operational in 17 cities 
around Europe in 2019, including in France, Spain, 
Poland, Belgium, Luxembourg and Romania.  
This will allow thousands of customers to get a first 
taste of 5G technology in 2019, before it is 
commercially available from 2020 onwards when 
smartphones are compatible.

Network virtualisation  
and automation
We are looking to make our networks virtual in 
order to satisfy the growing demand from our 
business customers for flexibility and 
responsiveness in the face of changing uses. These 
changes to the infrastructure will, among other 
things, improve agility and the speed of 
implementation and adaptation. The technology 
separates the hardware from the software, 
transforming network functions into software, which 
makes it possible to automate, program, and 
control the network in a centralised and remote 
way. We are therefore deploying infrastructure with 
standardised servers that host network 
functionalities as software. We have already started 
to virtualise networks in our operating countries and 
will continue to do so over the coming years, in 
particular with cutting-edge 5G services.  
Orange Business Services supports many of its 
business customers through the process, such as 
Siemens AG, which adopted an SD-WAN network 
in 2018 to bolster the quality of its communication 
activities across its 1,500 sites spread over 
94 countries. At the same time, we are working to 
automate the design and operation of our networks 
by using probes, robots and AI algorithms to 
improve the quality of how we monitor and manage 
the customer experience. Such features are 
described as a Self-Organising Network (SON) and 
are deployed in state-of-the-art mobile networks.

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Data throughput  
10 times greater with 5G 
than with 4G 

5G will bring about the speed and data capacity necessary to further 
develop and extend ground-breaking commercial applications,  
services and opportunities such as virtual reality,  
augmented reality and autonomous vehicles.

 
 
76

“Used in conjunction with other 
technology, the Internet of Things 
helps to improve the quality of 
life of patients suffering with 
chronic illnesses. We used artificial 
intelligence and IoT to create a 
connected wristband that detects 
and predicts epileptic fits and sends 
alerts to friends, family, doctors and 
paramedics in real time.”
 —  
Firas Rhaiem 
Founder and CEO, Epilert (Tunisia)

“We are keen to continue  
offering a greater quality of service 
and customer experience by 
developing new applications,  
in particular 5G connectivity and 
improving our IoT solutions to 
support the growth of businesses.”
 —  
Olga Surugiu 
International Operations Director, Orange Moldova

“The single most important factor 
hampering a region’s prospects 
is digital isolation. The Kanawa 
submarine cable has brought us very 
high-speed broadband, which goes 
one step towards providing citizens 
with better connectivity.”
 — 
Antoine Karam  
French Guiana senator

17  
300
6
17 
2020

million devices and appliances  
are connected to our networks 

business customers  
use our LoRa® network  

agreements 
for Public Initiative Networks 

cities in Europe  
will be equipped with 5G in 2019  
in France, Spain, Poland, Belgium, 
Luxembourg and Romania

when 5G 
will begin commercial  
deployment

     
 
 
 
78

Setting the bar in Europe for the 
Internet of Things  
The Internet of Things is a major focus in the Group’s 
diversification strategy. We aim to establish a solid 
presence across the entire value chain of connected 
devices and appliances, including connectivity 
solutions, distribution, value added services and data 
management. We support our individual and business 
customers by deploying networks that meet the 
needs of connected devices. Built using LoRaWAN™ 
and LTE-M (Long-Term Evolution for Machines) 
technology, they help in particular to minimise the 
amount of energy used by connected devices and 
appliances by improving network access from inside 
buildings. LoRaWAN™ technology covers 95% of the 
population in mainland France, five cities in Slovakia 
and several areas of Romania. Orange is also 
pursuing its strategy to develop LTE-M in Europe; 
after its initial launch in France, Romania and Belgium,  
it will be available in Spain in 2019. These 
developments in our 4G network make it easier to 
transfer enriched data to mobile devices inside 
buildings and at underground locations. We also sell 
connected devices in our bricks and mortar and 
online points of sale, and offer people in Europe 
services in the connected home, healthcare and  
well-being. Lastly, Orange Business Services 
supports its business customers through their 
changing ways of working to boost efficiency and 
innovation by offering end-to-end IoT solutions 
adapted to their field. In 2018, Orange Business 
Services launched “Smart Tracking”, a range of 
solutions to locate and track goods and equipment, 
both inside and outside buildings. 

Extending our footprint to boost 
inclusion
In France, Orange is committed to increasing very 
high-speed network coverage in all regions in order to 
reduce digital exclusion and inequalities. This is how 
we help improve inclusion in sparsely populated areas 
through Public Initiative Networks (PINs) – projects 
run by local authorities to put a communication 
network in place, most often using fibre optics. 
Orange is proactively pursuing an ambitious 
investment strategy, sometimes drawing on its own 
equity, which is proving successful. In 2018, five new 
fibre optic operating agreements were signed with 
local authorities in France (Bourgogne-Franche-
Comté, Gironde, Vienne-Deux-Sèvres, Orne and Var). 
We were also selected following a tender process in 
Guadeloupe, the only PIN project with submarine 
cable. At end-2018, our PINs had installed  
345,000 connectable sockets – 100,000 more than 
the previous year. In terms of mobile networks, since 
the Orange Connected Territories programme was 
launched in 2016, nearly 10 million people living in 
rural and sparsely populated areas have gained 
access to Orange 4G. Furthermore, as agreed in the 
New Deal signed with the French State in  
January 2018, we are working alongside other 
operators to deploy a further 5,000 4G sites in rural 
areas and 500 sites to improve 4G services. In line 
with this vision to reducing the digital divide, the 
Kanawa submarine cable connected in 2018 makes it 
possible to anticipate increased traffic and diversify 
connection points in order to ensure a better quality of 
service in the French overseas territories of French 
Guiana, Martinique and Guadeloupe.

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

450 million pieces  
of data processed  

Orange plays a key role in developing the Internet of Things  
in Europe, processing 450 million pieces of data every minute.

 
 
80

Guiding businesses through  
their own digital transformation
 — 

We believe innovation is essential to grow a business. We position our customers at the heart of 
everything we do and work with them to develop a more secure and connected digital landscape. 
Drawing on our dual focus as both a network operator and digital services integrator, we bring together 
the range of expertise necessary to support them throughout their data “journey”.

Orange strongly believes that businesses will draw 
greater value from the way they use innovations in 
data, artificial intelligence and soon 5G, as well as 
their ability to apply such progress to their business 
models, than from the technology itself.

Developing new services  
with IoT
The Internet of Things (IoT) has made it possible to 
collect data and monitor business activity more easily 
than ever before, which in turn has led to the creation 
of new, more flexible and more responsive services.
Birdz, a subsidiary of Veolia, has chosen Orange’s 
LoRa® network to connect a total of more than  
3 million smart water meters throughout France to 
improve services and help its customers bring down 
the cost of their utility bills. The goal is to connect over 
70% of meters to enable remote reading by 2027.  
In 2018, Orange Business Services launched 
Datavenue Market, Europe’s first IoT marketplace 
selling IoT components and connectivity with the 
LoRa® network.
   120,000 connected vehicles  

enabled by Orange 

Transporting data via smart  
virtual networks 
Orange Business Services pioneers  
Software-Defined Wide Area Network (SD-WAN) 
solutions through the cloud using specific software 
to centrally operate them.

This lets our customers orchestrate their own 
networks from end to end, connect to the cloud, 
adjust their bandwidth, download and activate virtual 
network features (such as security, BGP and 
acceleration) in real time through a dynamic 
gateway. That’s what Siemens did when they asked 
us to transform their network infrastructure. This 
helps to facilitate their migration to the cloud and roll 
out an IoT setup connected to their industrial 
equipment. 
   220 countries and regions covered by  

Orange’s IP VPN network 

Helping businesses migrate  
to the cloud
An increasing number of companies are using a 
multi-cloud environment (public, private and hybrid) 
to store data and applications. We aim to become 
one of the world’s leading suppliers of multi-cloud 
services and generate over 50% of our revenues 
from the cloud outside France by 2022. This is why 
we’ve set up strategic partnerships with other key 
providers in the industry, including VMware and 
Microsoft Azure. The acquisition of Basefarm in 
August 2018 strengthened our strategic position  
by enriching our expertise in state-of-the-art 
technology for data management, critical 
application management, big data and multi-cloud 
services.  
    No.1 supplier of cloud services in France
   2,200 cloud experts   

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Five keys for the 
future transformation 
of companies

The future of networks
The future of work
Artificial intelligence data analysis
Cyberdefense
Sector-specific innovation

 
 
 
82

“We chose Orange Business 
Services because we see it as a 
prime partner with the ability to 
deliver seamless worldwide  
SD-WAN coverage with the highest 
degree of security standards. We 
also focus on providing quality 
of service, local support and an 
attractive price-performance ratio.”
 — 
Frederik Janssen 
Head of Siemens IT Infrastructure Portfolio  
and Strategy

“Migrating to the cloud with support 
from Orange Business Services led 
to a technological breakthrough 
that allowed IT to focus even more 
on serving the different entities and 
boosting the business.”
 — 
Emeric Jego 
Cloud Infrastructure and  
IT Support Manager, Logic-Immo

Solving our customers’ key data challenges
so they can thrive in 
new business ecosystems

“The savings from Orange Business 
Services’ IoT solution will have a 
significant impact on our bottom 
line, as around half of a vessel’s 
operating costs are related to fuel.”
 — 
Evgeny Stepanov
Chief Technology Officer, Dobroflot

Collect

Transport

Store &
process

Analyse

Share &
create

Consulting

Integration

Protect

 
     
84

Unlocking the potential  
of data  
Organisations and companies see data as an 
essential asset. To realise the full potential of data, it is 
essential to choose the right analytical tools. We 
developed Live Data Hub by tapping into our 
expertise in the fields of smart cities and data. The 
solution was launched in 2018 to guide local 
authorities through the implementation of their data 
strategy. They are able to better understand their area 
by collecting, aggregating, analysing and visualising 
all their data on a secure platform hosted in France. In 
partnership with Sanoïa, Orange Healthcare leverages 
machine learning to monitor chronic health problems. 
Patients suffering from rheumatoid arthritis were 
asked to wear special movement sensors, which 
collected a total of 15 million data sets. Analysing this 
information made it possible to accurately detect 
flare-ups 96% of the time. In June 2018, we finalised 
the takeover of Business & Decision, bolstering our 
skills in data analysis and governance in France and 
around the world and forging our position as one of 
Europe’s leading data service providers. 
    2,400 IoT and data experts

Working together to share  
and create value  
We deploy solutions that enable our customers to 
interact and work together, both in their teams and on 
the move, in the most flexible and effective way. 
Orange Business Services has set up a collaborative 
platform in the cloud for ICADE, with instant 
messaging, voice services, online conferencing, an 
interactive whiteboard and secure document sharing. 
On behalf of Carsat, France’s regional retirement and 
occupational health fund, we organised 67 creathons 

during which 1,500 people took part in defining new 
managerial strategies, furthering collaborative 
development and encouraging bottom-up 
suggestions. Our healthcare solutions help to improve 
the patient experience. Enovacom, acquired by 
Orange Healthcare in 2018, launched ENOVACOM 
Data Repository to bring together patient information 
on a single technological base that is able to 
communicate with all the software used by healthcare 
facilities.  
   800 experts integrating communication and 

collaborative solutions

Anticipating threats to protect  
critical assets
Workplaces are implementing increasingly complex 
technology, and cyberattacks are becoming more 
and more elaborate and intrusive. This is why it is 
essential to possess the most effective detection 
capabilities possible. Orange Cyberdefense screens 
over 50 billion events each day so as to be able to 
react swiftly. This data is fed into our machine 
learning databases to draw up a variety of different 
attack scenarios that inform analysts in our 
monitoring centres. In 2018, New Zealand’s 
cybersecurity unit CERT NZ chose Orange 
Cyberdefense to optimise its strategy with 
automated threat intelligence services. Building on 
this strong momentum, we announced last year that 
we would soon be entering the market in Morocco to 
meet the needs of companies located in French-
speaking countries in Africa. Orange also continued 
to develop its acquisition strategy by taking over the 
British-based company SecureData.
  No.1 cyberdefense operator in France
   1,500 cybersecurity experts

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Qualified to support 
critical operators

This accreditation granted by the French State authorises us to  
support France’s critical network operators (including energy, 
transport and other essential services for people) to detect 
security incidents.

 
 
86

Taking mobile financial services to  
the next level 
 — 

Mobile financial services are key to our multi-service operator strategy. Our goal is to provide simple 
financial solutions, along with a smooth and bespoke customer experience accessible to all.

A decade of innovation in 
financial services
Introduced in 2008, Orange Money set us on our 
path to becoming a multi-service operator. A decade 
on, millions of people in Africa and the Middle East 
are using it to carry out financial transactions from 
their mobile phones. Orange Money is a digital wallet 
linked to a mobile telephone number that can be 
used to carry out financial transactions from mobile 
phones. Our customers can keep their money safe in 
their digital wallet, transfer funds, pay utility bills, 
taxes and school fees and, in some countries, take 
out insurance and loans. In 2017, we launched 
Orange Bank, a pioneering service fully developed 
in-house for telecoms and mobile uses. Orange 
Bank is a one-stop shop combining all the financial 
services that our rivals – traditional banks, online 
banks, neo-banks, fintech companies, 
supermarkets, hypermarkets and GAFAM – have to 
offer. We are also teaming up with and investing in 
several fintech start-ups through Orange Digital 
Ventures. In 2018, for instance, we acquired stakes 
in Aire in the United Kingdom (solvency analysis), 
Yoco in South Africa (payment terminals and 
solutions for small retailers) and Africa’s Talking in 
Kenya (communication and payment APIs). Also 
in 2018, Orange and NSIA applied for a banking 
licence from the Central Bank of West African States, 
with a view to expanding the choice of mobile 
financial services we offer.

Suited to the varying maturity of 
each market
We adapt our mobile financial service strategy, and 
the range of existing solutions, to each operating 
country. In countries with a lot of banking services 
on offer (France, Spain, Belgium, Poland and 
Slovakia), we offer a comprehensive range of digital 
services through Orange Bank. In countries where 
banking is less developed like in Romania, we 
provide payment and credit services using solutions 
based on Orange Money. And in countries where 
only a small percentage of the population has a bank 
account (in Africa and the Middle East), we meet 
customers’ basic banking needs by offering daily 
services to make deposits, transfers, withdrawals 
and payments. In some countries, we are also using 
Orange Money’s solid reputation to offer microcredit, 
savings and insurance solutions in partnership with 
microfinance institutions. Orange Money, which was 
initially introduced as a way to enhance customer 
loyalty, is now used for up to 20% of our mobile 
phone top up sales.

Synergies across the business
Our diversification into mobile financial services, in 
particular with Orange Bank, is increasing customer 
loyalty and opening up new revenue streams by 
promoting sales of connected devices 
(smartphones, smart watches, etc.) at a time when 
sales of SIM-only plans are on the rise. Meanwhile, 

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

“The Group’s strengths as a 
telecoms operator and its marketing 
strategy adapted to each of its 
operating countries put  
Orange in an unrivalled position 
compared to traditional banks  
and neo-banks.”

— 

Paul de Leusse    
Deputy Chief Executive Officer  
for mobile financial services

 
 
8888

“Regulation in general and GDPR 
in particular have had a strong 
impact on the banking sector, 
kick-starting extensive change 
throughout the industry. Banks are 
now extracting greater value from 
their data, providing ever-more 
online services, and investing in 
their customers’ trust.”
 — 
Aurélie Goncalves 
Banking Sector Manager, Business & Decision

“Helping to improve financial 
inclusion in Africa is one of  
the pillars of our strategy as  
a multi-service operator.” 
 — 
Alassane Diene
Director of mobile financial services
Orange MEA 

“Djingo is ushering in a new 
age of customer relationships. 
It speaks to customers in 
natural language, and provides 
an optimal service as a result.”
 —  
Jean-Philippe Desbiolles 
VP Watson France

160,000
€2
200
1,000 
€350

Orange Money points of sale  
worldwide

average monthly additional ARPU 
generated by active Orange Money 
customers 

Orange stores  
authorised as intermediaries  
in banking operations  
and payment services in France

Orange advisors and managers  
certified to act as intermediaries  
in banking operations and  
payment services in France 

million
raised by the fintech companies  
in which Orange Digital Ventures has 
invested since 2015

     
 
  
 
90

we are also taking advantage of the strength of our 
brand and the reach of our store network to market 
and distribute mobile financial services. Furthermore, 
we use data from our telecoms and banking 
customers, in accordance with European, national 
and banking-sector regulations, to offer bespoke 
services that simplify account opening procedures 
and help swiftly approve personal loans for example.

Orange Money – a catalyst 
for inclusion
In 2018, Orange went even further by teaming up with 
PAMF (Première Agence de Microfinance) in 
Madagascar to use Orange Money to provide savings 
and credit services. More than 350,000 loans have 
been granted.
Interoperability is key to boosting mobile money 
transactions, reinforcing financial inclusion and 
assisting Africa’s economic development. To 
accelerate the continent’s development and 
interoperability, Orange and MTN set up a joint 
venture, Mowali, in 2018, with the aim of simplifying 
money transfers. 
Mowali makes financial exchanges between 
individuals and States, non-governmental 
organisations and companies smoother and safer. In 
10 years, Orange Money has become a world leader 
of mobile money. Our distribution network consists of 
160,000 points of sale throughout Africa that serve 
39.2 million Orange Money customers, including 
15.1 million monthly users.

Orange Bank, the bank 
for right now 
Orange Bank provides financial services that are 
suited to what customers want (including bank 
accounts, standard and premium bank cards, 
authorised overdrafts, a complementary insurance 
package and savings accounts). These banking 
services harness the unique possibilities of mobile 
technology. For example, customers can pay with 
their card or mobile phone, temporarily block their 
card, check their balance in real time and ask 
questions, which our virtual assistant Djingo answers 
24/7. Orange Bank’s point of differentiation also 
comes from its Orange store network, where 
customers can speak to advisors who have trained 
as intermediaries in banking operations and payment 
services. In 2018, Orange Bank added a new 
personal loan service enabling customers to go 
through the entire process – from applying for the 
loan to using the funds – on the app. After having 
been extended to the French overseas territories of 
Martinique, Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Mayotte 
and Reunion Island, Orange Bank will be launching 
in Spain in 2019. 
      Over 1.5 million conversations between  
our customers and Djingo since it was 
launched

     248,000 Orange Bank customers  

at end-2018

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Orange Money 
celebrates its 10th 
anniversary!

Almost 2 billion transactions were made using Orange Money
in Africa and the Middle East in 2018.   

 
 
92

Creating and  
distributing  
engaging content 
for tomorrow’s  
world
 — 

As a content operator and distributor, the Orange 
group makes outstanding content available 
across communities. Orange Content connects 
people throughout the world to their interests in 
increasingly innovative ways.

Aggregator-distributor  
As a content aggregator and distributor, Orange is 
well positioned to satisfy its customers’ appetite for 
entertainment. We aggregate our own pay-TV 
packages while also working with partners to provide 
access to the most popular third-party content 
(Canal+, beIN SPORTS and Netflix). At the end of 
2018, 9.6 million homes in Europe had signed up to 
Orange TV services. As a result, content distribution in 
TV, VOD, music and gaming is a key aspect of our 
convergence strategy, helping to showcase our very 
high-speed broadband access, fibre and 4G services.

Cinema and series production, 
co-production and publishing  
In 2007, the Orange group created its cinema 
subsidiary, Orange Studio, to pursue its ambition to 
co-produce independent, diverse content and 
acquire the rights to French and European films. In 
2018, we invested in two international series, The 
Name of the Rose and Devils, which are to be 
broadcast on OCS in 2019. These new series, which 

mark the beginning of the Orange Studio-OCS 
alliance to create original content, are the first “OCS 
Originals”. Orange Studio is also pursuing efforts to 
expand its catalogue and has begun distributing 
films internationally under an agreement with UGC. 
Furthermore, it is taking proactive steps to identify 
and support audiovisual and film talent in Africa. 
Ten years after it was set up, OCS now provides four 
themed series and cinema channels and an 
on-demand service to its 2.9 million subscribers.  
The OCS package is dedicated entirely to films and 
series. Its success is the result of alliances with the 
best production studios, well-defined themes and 
outstanding series such as those produced by HBO, 
for which OCS is the exclusive broadcaster in France 
(Game of Thrones and Westworld). OCS also 
supports independent French drama with its OCS 
Signature label, a collection of 26-minute episodes 
made by directors given the opportunity to work with 
complete creative freedom. Orange reaffirmed that 
support at the end of 2018, when its subsidiary OCS 
signed an agreement with the film industry to invest  
€125 million over a three-year period (2019-2021) in 
French and European film production and open the 
way to reforming the French release window, 
enabling OCS to broadcast films sooner.

TV, music and gaming content 
distribution
The Orange group is developing content services in 
Europe, particularly for television, which form part of 
our convergence offer. We are deploying Netflix 
across our operating countries under the framework 
agreement signed at the end of 2017. In Spain, we 
have renewed distribution rights with the Spanish 
football league (La Liga) and the UEFA Champions 
League to offer customers football-themed TV 
packages. We have also launched Orange Series, 
which holds exclusive broadcast rights to a range of 
series, some in 4K. Our other European businesses 
are developing their content services too. In Slovakia, 
for example, a satellite service and Orange Sports 
channel were launched in August 2018. In Africa, we 
are expanding our TV services and have taken our first 
steps in the world of production; a highlight being in 
Senegal with Diamond House. Orange also maintains 
distribution partnerships with subscription VOD 
services in the region.  

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

“In entering distribution  
and co-production, Orange is present  
at every stage of the value chain, 
 upstream with Orange Studio  
and downstream with OCS.”

— 

David Kessler   
Managing Director, Orange Content

 
 
94

“Content distribution is no 
longer enough. Nowadays, 
creating value for our 
customers and subsidiaries 
means integrating new digital 
technologies and creating social, 
intuitive, engaging and unique 
experiences for our customers.” 
 —  
Serge Laroye
Deputy Director, Orange Content

“OCS is proud to broadcast
the final season of one 
of the biggest series of the last 
10 years, Game of Thrones.”
 —  
Guillaume Jouhet
CEO, OCS

© 2019 Home Box Office, Inc. All Rights Reserved. HBO ® 
And All Related Programs Are The Property Of Home Box Office, Inc.

“Consumers have never had more 
freedom of choice when it comes to 
audio content. A single, customised, 
premium audio service through any 
platform makes it easier than ever 
before to enjoy a highly personalised 
experience, wherever you are.” 
 —  
Hans-Holger Albrecht  
CEO, Deezer

9.6 
2.9 
14
3
€15 

million homes connected  
to Orange TV in Europe  

million people  
signed up to OCS

films
co-produced in 2018  
by Orange Studio, including  
nine distributed or co-distributed

projects 
won grants from the  
Orange XR fund, which recognises  
augmented, virtual or mixed  
reality writing projects

million
invested by Orange Studio to 
co-produce films, acquire rights 
to film catalogues, acquire or 
develop series and distribution rights 

     
 
 
96

In France, Orange has developed close ties with the 
Canal+ group and has renewed its distribution 
agreement with beIN Sports. 2018 also saw the 
release of a brand new ultra-compact set-top box 
compatible with the latest technologies (TV Ultra HD, 
Dolby Atmos and Wi-Fi connection to the Livebox).
In 2018, Orange continued to enhance its video 
game streaming service on Orange TV. Unlimited 
packages and freemium games (free to play, but 
charges for additional features) on mobile went 
from strength to strength. As a result, Orange 
Juegos was reintroduced in Spain and Orange Jeux 
continued to perform well in nine African countries, 
where it now has more than a million subscribers.
The music market continued to gain ground in 2018 
with growth driven by streaming services. Pursuing 
a partnership that was first established in 2010, 
Orange reinvested in Deezer, whose paying 
customer numbers in Spain, Romania, Luxembourg 
and Côte d’Ivoire continue to rise. The Group is also 
deploying its Orange Radio service in 17 countries, 
including 14 in Africa and the Middle East.

Support for the arts 
In 2017, Orange invested €601 million in support for 
the arts, €100 million of which was channelled into 
cinema. Our focus is to provide support for 
screenwriting, an essential link in the production 
chain, through grants or endowment funds created 
with the SACD (association of authors and 
composers working in creative production) in 

France and the French-language young creators’ 
fund established by the French Cultural Centre in 
Yaoundé at the end of 2017. In 2018, the SACD and 
OCS launched the SACD/OCS Signature fund to 
discover new screenwriting talent for television.  

Tomorrow’s content  
and immersion
Offering customers a unique, cutting-edge content 
experience has always been a priority for Orange. 
This is why we work with start-ups and give them a 
chance to test their ideas on potential customers. 
Wevr, for example, is a virtual reality video hosting 
platform funded by Orange Digital Ventures. We are 
also actively developing virtual reality. The “Orange 
VR Experience” content distribution portal offers a 
selection of the best 360° videos from Hollywood 
and independent studios. 
The Orange XR grant, which supports immersive 
reality screenwriting projects, awarded grants to 
three projects in 2018 at a Cannes Film Festival 
fringe event. Lastly, Orange continues to support 
the rise in popularity of eSports, particularly in 
Africa where the Group organised the Orange 
eSports Experience in 2018, the first Pan-African 
video game tournament, which brought together 
12 countries for the finals in Dakar. In 2018, we also 
became one of the largest eSports operators in 
Belgium when we signed a partnership with the 
Sector One team and GameForce Masters, the 
largest eSports tournament in the Benelux. 

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

€100 million

will be invested over the next five years in international  
co-production to create original content. 

 
 
98

Shaping smart services  
for everyday living
 — 

Orange draws on its expertise in IoT, artificial intelligence, 5G and cybersecurity to develop smart 
services that make people’s lives easier by responding to their everyday needs.

Connected Home, Protected Home
Orange is now offering Connected Home 
and Protected Home, a comprehensive offer for a  
smooth-running, secure home.

maintenance of security equipment, the mobile app, 
emergency or security call-out for confirmed 
incidents and a guard and access control service if 
required.

The Connected Home package helps families 
control their home devices remotely, for example 
managing heating and lighting or programming 
household appliances from a single mobile app or 
using our voice-controlled virtual assistant, Djingo. 
The service, which is integrated into the new Livebox, 
requires no subscription or additional equipment. It 
can be used with a broad range of connected devices 
and appliances sold through Orange or partners 
including Philips Hue, Bosch and Netatmo.

The Protected Home package was developed in 
response to one of our customers’ major concerns: 
home security. Homes are connected to a remote 
surveillance station that will trigger an emergency 
call-out to the address in case of an intrusion. The 
package includes six services – round-the-clock 
surveillance by an approved remote station, the 
provision and professional installation and 

Djingo 
Djingo is a virtual assistant that offers an intuitive 
and secure voice interface for services provided 
by Orange and its partners. It is controlled via a 
smart speaker, microphone-equipped remote 
control or smartphone. In France today, customers 
can ask Djingo to access information and 
entertainment services such as Deezer, Orange 
Radio, Orange TV and Météo France weather. In 
the future, they will also be able to access services 
provided by trusted partners selected by Orange. 
Djingo will also allow people to access Amazon’s 
virtual assistant Alexa, to offer a wide range of 
additional services. Lastly, Djingo will offer 
services to businesses – taking and producing 
notes, emailing them out and ultimately managing 
business communication services such as call 
distribution, telephone conference organisation 
and appointment bookings.

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

2.6 million homes

in France will be eligible for the Connected Home and Protected  
Home packages when they are launched.

 
 
100

Telemedicine 
Telemedicine is the practice of consulting a doctor 
remotely via videoconference. Since 2018, five 
telemedicine procedures in France have been 
eligible for the same State health insurance cover as 
traditional procedures. Orange Healthcare has 
developed a number of projects under the French 
Government’s digital health programme that aims to 
modernise the health system using innovative 
technology and services. We provide partners with 
technological expertise in everything from document 
transfer to managing critical emergencies. 5G, the 
preferred system for state-of-the-art telemedicine, 
will better enable remote services through faster 
connections and smoother communication for 
videoconference consultations, but also for critical 
uses such as emergency triage. But our actions are 
not limited to 5G. We are providing healthcare 
stakeholders with comprehensive technical support 
including data hosting, interoperability of IT systems, 
security, network infrastructure and project 
management.

Digital citizenship
We have developed a civic tech service that 
encourages people to participate in and contribute 
to non-profit organisations and companies at a local, 
regional and national level. “Le Vote” is a free mobile 
app for users and a website for polling organisers. 
The service offers a transparent and secret virtual 
ballot, without storing any personal data on the 

service’s data base. Decentralised blockchain 
technology ensures both the organisation and the 
results of polls are secure. The service enables local 
councils to send notifications to local voters, inviting 
them to take part in advisory polls. 

Solar energy 
Nearly 600 million homes and businesses in rural 
Africa have no access to electricity. Orange Energy is 
fulfilling essential needs on the continent, bringing 
power, communication and access to information to 
people’s homes. The service uses solar energy to 
enable people to study, work and access all the 
entertainment and online services they require. With 
an Orange solar kit, a family can light their home, 
charge mobile phones and power a radio or even a 
television. To subscribe to the service, customers 
must have an Orange SIM and pay a usage fee. The 
kit is then installed in their home. Customers pay for 
what they use, can see how much credit they have left 
and recharge using Orange Money. Orange Energy 
was first launched in 2017 in the Democratic Republic 
of the Congo and Madagascar, before being rolled 
out in Côte d’Ivoire, Guinea, Mali, Senegal and 
Burkina Faso at the end of 2018. We aim to sell 
50,000 kits in Africa by the end of 2019.
   2 in 3 people in Africa have no access  

to electricity

   10,000 solar kits sold in 2018
   7,500 Orange Energy customers in five  

countries at the end of 2018

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

350,000 Orange Energy 
customers by 2021

As nearly 600 million homes and businesses in rural Africa have 
no access to electricity, we aim to reach 350,000 Orange Energy 
customers by 2021.

 
 
102

Helping to 
drive the  
environmental  
and energy  
transition
 — 

The rapid growth of digital uses presents a 
challenge in terms of sustainability. By optimising 
equipment, using renewable energies and 
developing the circular economy, we are rising to 
this challenge because we firmly believe that we 
can reduce the impact of digital technologies.

One of the commitments we made at COP21 was to 
reduce CO2 emissions per customer usage by 50% 
between 2006 and 2020. In 2017, we achieved that 
objective and in 2018 we exceeded it, having reduced 
these emissions by 56.6%. We also reduced our 
overall carbon footprint by 3.2% in the two years to 
2018.

Reducing overall energy  
consumption
Our networks consume energy and generate  
CO2 emissions. To tackle these issues, we are 
deploying the Green ITN 2020 programme that drives 
the development of energy efficient solutions. In Africa 
and the Middle East, our Energy Services Company 
(ESCO) programme helps avoid 80,000 tonnes of  
CO2 emissions each year and we are aiming to fulfil 
over 30% of our energy requirements from renewable 
sources by 2030. In addition, Orange has deployed  
an environmental management system that has been 
recognised with ISO 14001 certification across  
two thirds of the Group’s global businesses. We are 
also working to increase the energy efficiency of our 

buildings and transport, looking particularly at limiting 
business travel.  
   2.7 million tonnes of CO2 emissions avoided 
between 2010 and 2018  

   2,800 solar power stations supply our mobile 

telephone systems in Africa  

  The largest company car-sharing pool in Europe

Pursuing our circular economy 
strategy  
Our strategic steering committee for the circular 
economy has defined an action plan to reduce the 
environmental impact of our projects and services 
throughout their lifecycle. In 2018, we created an 
exchange platform to redeploy set-top boxes and 
boost second-hand mobile sales. We have also 
opened an internal repair centre in Senegal and put in 
place systems to collect and recycle unwanted 
devices that are customised to handle different types 
of waste and adapt to different markets.
   1.6 million unwanted mobiles collected  

in Europe  

   20,000 set-top boxes repaired in Poland and 

redeployed in Senegal

Driving the transition with digital 
technology  
Digital technologies hold the key to monitoring, 
reading and analysing consumption and enable us to 
offer customers innovative and sustainable 
alternative solutions, such as urban services adapted 
to people’s needs, company car pool management, 
energy efficiency in buildings, street light 
optimisation, etc.  

Preserving biodiversity           
Orange supports a number of scientific programmes 
such as the Mont-Blanc Research Centre for Alpine 
Ecosystems, which studies the impact of climate 
change on biodiversity. As a partner of the Euro-Argo 
project, our cable ships are installing autonomous 
profiling floats to monitor oceans in real time. We also 
prioritise wildlife conservation when deploying our 
networks, for example taking into account the 
tortoise nesting season in the installation schedule for 
the Kanawa submarine cable in Guiana.

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

CO2

Working towards 
carbon neutrality  
in 2050

Orange is actively involved with international organisations  
such as the International Telecommunications Union to ensure  
the industry contributes to limiting global warming  
to 1.5°C. We also participate in business networks like  
the Net Zero Initiative, which is working to establish a common 
benchmark for corporate carbon neutrality that is approved  
by an independent scientific committee. 

 
 
   
Governance

To achieve its long-term performance goals,  
Orange has put in place a stable, robust and balanced  
governance structure that incorporates corporate social  
responsibility at every level. 

106

Strong governance
 — 

Orange has put in place a stable, robust and experienced governance team to steer the Group’s 
strategy and achieve its long-term performance goals. Every level of governance is structured in a 
balanced way that includes independent directors and directors representing our main shareholders 
(public sector and employees). Members are chosen to ensure a more diverse range of skills, 
international experience and a more balanced representation of men and women.

Core and complementary  
expertise on the Board  
of Directors
The Board of Directors sets the Group’s major 
strategic, economic, social, financial and 
technological policies and oversees their effective 
implementation by senior management. At the end 
of 2018, the Board was made up of 15 members, 
each appointed for a four-year term of office. 
Together they bring the general business skills and 
specialist areas of expertise required to achieve the 
Group’s strategy and ambitions.* 
Such complementarity and diversity enrich the 
Board’s discussions and guarantee its strength. 
The French Works Council representative has also 
been joined this year by a representative from the 
Global Works Council. They both sit on the Board 
as non-voting members.
At the end of 2016, the independent director 
Charles-Henri Filippi was also appointed lead 
director. In this capacity, he ensures that the Board 
is able to carry out its responsibilities effectively 
and maintains smooth relations with senior 
management. He is responsible, in particular, for 
identifying potential conflicts of interest, ensuring 
the governance system is able to manage crisis 
situations and is involved in evaluating the Board. 
The lead director is the point of contact for senior 
management in compliance-related matters and 

reports to all members of the Board on the 
effectiveness of the compliance procedures and risk 
levels. He also attends a meeting of the Risks 
Committee each year and engages with the Group’s 
investors and shareholders. 
In 2018, in addition to its regular activities – which 
include assessing operational performance, financial 
results, risk factors, the budget and setting the 
compensation of the Group’s corporate officers – the 
Board concentrated on the “New Deal” agreement to 
deploy very high speed fixed and mobile broadband 
in France, the Basefarm acquisition to accelerate 
the international development of the Group’s cloud 
activities and bids for 5G licences in Spain. As set 
out in its Internal Guidelines, the Board also 
conducted a self-assessment of its operating 
practices and its committees in 2018. The 
assessment confirmed that the various governing 
bodies work effectively together and that their 
members are highly engaged. The 
recommendations mainly concerned growing the 
business, monitoring succession planning of its 
corporate officers, ensuring the diversity of profiles 
on the Board and providing support to directors on 
important areas of innovation.

* For more information on the duties of the Board of Directors, see 
Section 5.2.1.3 of the 2018 Registration Document

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

The Board of Directors in 2018

Average number of years of service 
Average age 
Number of meetings  
Collective attendance rate  
Gender representation  
Committee meetings  

3.8 years
 54.3 years  

11 (8 in 2017)
91.5%
41.5% women / 58.5% men

8 for the Audit Committee, 7 for the Governance   
and Corporate Social and Environmental Responsibility  

Committee, 3 for the Innovation and Technology Committee

Composition

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 

Stéphane Richard 

Independent directors 

Directors representing the public sector 

Directors representing employees  

Director representing employee 
shareholders

*replacing Lucie Muniesa from 14 March 2019            
**replacing Hélène Marcy from 4 May 2018

Alexandre Bompard 
Charles-Henri Filippi 
Christel Heydemann 
Helle Kristoffersen 
Bernard Ramanantsoa 
Mouna Sepehri 
Jean-Michel Severino 

Bpifrance Participations 
(represented by Nicolas Dufourcq)
Hélène Dantoine*
Anne Lange

Sébastien Crozier
Fabrice Jolys
René Ollier

Luc Marino** 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
108

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report
Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Active specialised committees
Three committees provide proposals, 
recommendations and opinions in their respective 
areas of expertise to inform the Board of Directors’ 
discussions and decisions. They are the Audit 
Committee, the Governance and Corporate Social 
and Environmental Responsibility Committee and the 
Innovation and Technology Committee. The members 
of the committees are chosen to reflect the principles 
of balance and diversity that apply within the Board. 
These three committees are chaired by independent 
directors, two by women, and all include one director 
representing employees and one representing the 
public sector. In 2018, the Audit Committee worked 
on financial reporting, internal control, risk 
management, the Code of Ethics and strategic 
development projects, including interests in Africa and 
the Middle East. The Governance and Corporate 
Social and Environmental Responsibility Committee 
assessed the compensation of the Group’s corporate 
officers, the governance system and the effectiveness 
of the Board of Directors. It also continued to review 
the Group’s corporate social responsibility actions. 
The Innovation and Technology Committee focused 
on our digital identity, rich communication services 
(RCS), the relationship with Google and the way 
artificial intelligence is transforming our relationships 
with customers.

A renewed Executive Committee 
dedicated to our strategy   
The Executive Committee coordinates the 
implementation of Group’s strategy, monitors 
operational, social and technical targets and 
optimises the allocation of resources. The Committee 
has 15 members (see next page). The Chairman and 
Chief Executive Officer works alongside two 

Delegate Chief Executive Officers with clearly 
defined areas of expertise and a lead director with 
important responsibilities and significant authority, 
ensuring robust corporate governance that strives 
for efficiency and performance while guaranteeing  
a balance of power.
To accelerate the implementation of our multi-service 
operator strategy, seven new members joined the 
Executive Committee in 2018, bringing expertise in 
the key areas of cybersecurity, digital transformation 
and mobile financial services. The new team is also 
more international, with the addition of directors from 
high-growth regions such as Spain and the Middle 
East and Africa. Through an approach based on 
dialogue and collaboration, the Executive Committee 
has identified the priorities to ensure it is prepared for 
the challenges ahead. We have developed a 
transformation plan which is broken down into 
tangible projects, each of which is steered by a 
member of the Committee. Every two months, the 
Committee invites Business Unit directors to its 
meetings to maintain regular and direct 
communication with operations across the world. 

Beyond Orange SA: the Orange 
programme for directors   
As well as placing great importance on governance at 
Group level, Orange also strives for excellence within 
its entities. To consistently improve the management 
and supervision of its subsidiaries and joint ventures, 
Orange continuously maintains a dynamic 
programme — including training courses, 
conferences and debates, tools and shared standards 
highlighting best practices — for members of its local 
boards of directors and supervisory boards. Orange 
firmly believes that by applying the highest standards 
of governance, it can improve performance. 

“Renewing our management team 
is a decisive step in Orange’s 
transformation. Today, we are pushing 
back the boundaries of digital services 
by confirming our goals of diversification 
into financial services, cybersecurity and 
the connected home.”

— 

Stéphane Richard    

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

 
110

5 6

1 2

9

12

10

15 13 8

4 1

11

14

7

3

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

5. 

6. 

7. 

8. 

9. 

 Stéphane Richard 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
 Ramon Fernandez  
Delegate Chief Executive Officer, CEO 
Finance, Performance and Europe
 Gervais Pellissier  
Delegate Chief Executive Officer, Group 
Transformation and President of Orange 
Business Services 
 Fabienne Dulac  
Deputy Chief Executive Officer, Orange 
France 
 Mari-Noëlle Jégo-Laveissière  
Deputy Chief Executive Officer, Technology 
and Global Innovation 
 Laurent Paillassot  
Senior Executive Vice-President, Orange 
Spain
 Christine Albanel  
Senior Executive Vice-President, Corporate 
Social Responsibility, Diversity, Partnerships 
and Inclusiveness, Deputy Chairwoman of 
the Orange Foundation
 Jérôme Barré  
Senior Executive Vice-President, Orange 
Wholesale and International Networks
 Hugues Foulon  
Senior Executive Vice-President, Strategy 
and Cyber Security activities

10.   Nicolas Guérin  

Senior Executive Vice-President, Group 
General Secretary and Secretary of the 
Board of Directors
11.   Valérie Le Boulanger  

Senior Executive Vice-President, Human 
Resources

12.   Béatrice Mandine  

Senior Executive Vice-President, Internal 
and External Communication for the Group 
and Brand 
13.   Alioune Ndiaye  

Senior Executive Vice-President, Orange 
Middle East and Africa

14.   Helmut Reisinger  

Senior Executive Vice-President, Orange 
Business Services 

15.   Paul de Leusse  

Deputy Chief Executive Officer, Mobile 
Financial Services

112112

Compensation 
balanced  
equally between 
financial and  
non-financial 
performance 
targets
 — 

The Orange compensation policy for senior 
executives reflects the desire to integrate a 
focus on corporate social responsibility in the 
Group’s governance, strategy and performance 
targets for the short, medium and long term.

women, the Employee Barometer and the change in 
CO2 rate per customer usage since 2019. They help 
to better reconcile short-term operational 
profitability targets with longer-term objectives to 
create value and defend shareholder interests. The 
policy applies to all senior executives in order to 
ensure they are working towards the same targets, 
which are aligned with the strategy.

The three pillars of executive 
compensation  
The compensation of Orange’s corporate officers is 
made up of three components.  

Fixed compensation
The fixed compensation of corporate officers is 
determined based on the level and complexity of 
their responsibilities, their experience and 
professional background, and market analysis for 
comparable positions. 

Variable compensation
Variable compensation is intended to give 
corporate officers an incentive to fulfil the annual 
performance targets set by the Board of Directors 
in line with the corporate strategy. The variable 
component is split into levels of performance with a 
balanced weighting between financial (50%) and 
non-financial (50%) criteria. The variable 
component is determined using specific objectives 
and quantitative performance measures, including 
for non-financial indicators. 

A considered compensation policy
Each year, the compensation of Orange’s corporate 
officers is assessed by the Board of Directors on 
the basis of recommendations made by the 
Governance and Corporate Social and 
Environmental Responsibility Committee. It is also 
subject to approval at the annual Ordinary 
Shareholders’ Meeting as part of shareholders’  
Say on Pay. 
Another way we implement our Corporate Social 
Responsibility (CSR) strategy is by incorporating 
non-financial performance criteria into the 
compensation packages of corporate officers and 
members of the Executive Committee. These 
criteria include workforce participation rates for 

Multi-year variable compensation in cash or 
performance shares
Corporate officers benefited from two cash-based 
long-term incentive plans (LTIPs), which ended in 
2017 and 2018, respectively. In 2017, the Board of 
Directors decided to update their approach to 
LTIPs in order to improve retention of corporate 
officers and more closely connect their interests 
with those of the company and the expectations of 
shareholders. The plan now awards performance 
shares, which vest on the basis of criteria that take 
into account the direct contribution of executives to 
the long-term overall performance of the company. 
It is also open to employees in key positions 
throughout the Group.

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Compensation of corporate officers:  
quantitative, measurable criteria

Chairman and  
Chief Executive Officer

Delegate Chief Executive Officers

Fixed  
component  
50%

Long-term 
incentive 
plan  
20%

Annual  
variable 
component 
30%

Annual variable compensation 

Fixed  
component  
45.9%

Long-term 
incentive 
plan  
17.4%

Annual  
variable  
component 
36.7%

Financial criteria
  30% 
  20% 
Non-financial criteria 
  33% 
  17% 

Operating cash flow
Change in revenues

Employee experience indicators
BtoC and BtoB customer experience indicators

 
114

Our ethically 
responsible 
commitment 
 — 

In an increasingly demanding business 
environment where regulation is becoming 
increasingly stringent, where stakeholders have 
higher expectations and more closely scrutinise 
business conduct, and where penalties are 
becoming harsher, Orange is helping to build 
trust into tomorrow’s world.

Our Ethics  
& Compliance policy 
The Executive Committee leads our ethics and 
compliance policy. The approach we take to 
managing non-compliance risks is consistent with 
the requirements of anti-corruption laws in France 
(Sapin II Law), the United States (Foreign Corrupt 
Practices Act) and the United Kingdom (Bribery Act). 
Our network of Chief Compliance Officers and 
departmental Compliance Officers oversees the 
implementation of action plans at Group, divisional 
and entity level. We develop tools, procedures and 
programmes that all employees can refer to and use 
to learn more about the issues and do the right thing 
when dealing with situations relating to transparency. 
These include our Code of Ethics, Anti-Corruption 
Policy, a specific intranet site, awareness-raising 
e-learning modules and other literature, an 
application for declaring gifts and other benefits 
received or offered, information about preventing 

and dealing with conflicts of interest, a Group 
whistleblowing mechanism and a method to assess 
third parties. In 2018, we introduced new training 
and awareness tools including booklets on the 
prevention of corruption and the UN-Orange 
e-learning module for anti-corruption certification. 
We continued to tighten and adapt our internal 
control procedures as part of our continuous 
improvement process, and Sofrecom, an Orange 
group consulting firm, earned ISO 37001 certification 
for its anti-bribery management system.

Duty of care 
Orange’s Duty of care plan fulfils the requirements 
signed into French law on 27 March 2017 regarding 
corporate duty of care. It is primarily geared to 
identifying and assessing the risks generated by our 
business and preventing or mitigating those risks. It 
also includes procedures for evaluating 
subsidiaries, subcontractors and suppliers, and for 
assessing whistleblowing mechanisms. A kit has 
been sent to the Group’s 15,000 managers to 
familiarise them with this law and raise awareness 
with their teams. 

Responsible purchasing  
We require our suppliers to meet our ethical, social 
and environmental standards, and apply similar 
standards throughout their own supply chains, in 
particular through a Charter of Commitments and 
Supplier Code of Conduct. Orange was one of  
the 128 companies awarded a place on the  
2019 Supplier Engagement board by the Carbon 
Disclosure Project for their efforts to reduce the 
environmental impacts of their supply chains. 

Data protection 
As a trusted operator, Orange believes it is 
especially important to protect personal data. 
Changing regulatory framework has given Orange 
the opportunity to strengthen the technical and 
organisational measures that it has adopted, and 
further share a culture of data protection. A network 
of data protection delegates and points of contact in 
the different business lines offer guidance in the 
implementation of these protective measures. 

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Five ethical principles 

All Group executives, managers and employees are required to behave with integrity, 
quality and impartiality in their dealings with customers and suppliers;  
protect corporate assets; refrain from engaging in or enabling insider trading;  
report breaches to Orange’s anti-corruption policy; and avoid conflicts of interest.

   
  
116

Our integrated 
approach 

To ensure our approach is consistent with our stakeholders’ 
expectations, we underpin our strategy with dialogue.  
This helps to identify and prioritise the risks  
involved in implementing the strategy and take targeted 
measures to prevent them.

118

Stakeholder  
dialogue
 — 

Regular and structured dialogue
Underpinning our CSR strategy with dialogue 
ensures our approach is consistent with our 
stakeholders’ expectations. So far, we have 
conducted more than 50 consultations to identify 
and prioritise the risks associated with social and 
environmental issues affecting our operating 
countries. Picking up on the “weak signals” is 
particularly important to this process. Stakeholder 
dialogue is also an excellent way to seize innovation 
opportunities and anticipate potential growth areas, 
proposing solutions to support local economic and 
social development. 

Group-level consultations on  
strategic priorities
Group-level consultations are conducted on 
strategic issues that are transversal to Orange. 
Universal action points are adopted throughout the 
business as a result. For example, we established a 
roadmap and a strategic monitoring committee for 
the transition to a circular economy following the 
2017 consultation. Similarly, the consultation on 
vulnerability and digital technology enabled us to 

develop strategies to combat digital exclusion and 
put together a plan for the most vulnerable people.  
In 2018, the scope of the Group-level consultation 
on diversity and gender equality in the workplace 
was extended to Spain and Tunisia following their 
Gender Equality European and International 
Standard (GEEIS) certifications. The next  
Group-level dialogue will explore the theme of young 
people and business, inviting stakeholders to reflect 
on their expectations, fears and desires.

Country and entity-level  
consultations 
Country-level consultations are conducted by our 
national subsidiaries to identify their own internal and 
external CSR priorities. The process may be 
renewed in certain countries to adjust policies to any 
new risks or opportunities identified. In some cases, 
an entity may initiate a consultation, as was the case 
with the Orange Bank CSR policy consultation 
launched in October 2018. 

The Digital Society Forum,  
a “think-and-do tank” exploring  
the impact of digital technology  
on society 
The Digital Society Forum is an open, collaborative 
platform, launched by Orange in 2013 to give 
everyone the chance to understand and better adapt 
to digital life. As a think-and-do tank, it brings 
together universities, businesses and representatives 
of civil society to explore the main themes affecting 
people’s everyday lives. These diverse points of view 
are shared with the public through participative 
regional and international workshops to generate 
new ideas for concrete courses of action. More than 
1,000 suggestions have been collected in France 
over the last five years. All the content produced is 
published on the forum’s special website.  
In 2018, the Digital Society Forum continued its 
international development launching in Côte d’Ivoire. 
In 2017, Senegal also held its first regional 
participative workshops. Furthermore, the forum has 
integrated a new theme, digital inclusion, which was 
discussed in France at the 13th round table in 
November 2018 and in Morocco at the launch of the  
Digital Society Forum in April 2019.

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Our stakeholders

Internal
Orange employees
Employee representatives

Public sector
International organisations
Regulatory bodies
Ministries
Local authorities

Economic agents
Customers
Shareholders and investors
Other financial institutions
Suppliers
Professional associations
Business partners
Distributors 
Universities and training centres
Property owners

Civil society
Opinion leaders
Specialists
CSOs/NGOs
Social entrepreneur networks
Media
General public

 
 
 
 
 
120

Identifying the most relevant issues 
for Orange and partners
 — 

Orange engages in structured and continuous 
dialogue with internal and external stakeholders. 
This identifies the issues that matter most to our 
various audiences and determines our strategic 
decisions and commitments.

A standardised approach  
Our approach to stakeholder dialogue is based on 
the principles of the AA1000 standard: 
   Inclusivity — identifying active local stakeholders
   Materiality — identifying the most relevant issues 

for both Orange and its partners 

   Responsiveness — forming action plans  

for the short, medium and long term 

We use the salient points from this dialogue to 
develop the materiality matrix (see opposite).  
By comparing the importance of these issues for 
stakeholders and their impact on our own 
performance, we are able to identify our key priorities 
more easily. 

Developments in 2018
Our 2018 materiality matrix incorporates the growing 
focus of stakeholders on environmental and 
regulatory issues as well as matters relating to 
emerging technologies (5G, Internet of Things, etc.). 
The matrix reflects these shifts in two ways: 

A number of issues have been repositioned. For 
example, stakeholders’ concerns over climate 
change were accentuated as a result of increasingly 
frequent extreme climate events in 2018. At Orange 

too, climate change has been given greater 
importance with the Group’s commitment to 
achieving carbon neutrality. Digital inclusion, which 
has become a pillar of our identity and sustainable 
performance, is now positioned as a high priority for 
the Group.  

Certain titles have been reworded to better reflect 
the core issues. For example, “Safe and responsible 
use of digital technology (child protection and 
exposure to screens)” more accurately represents 
the priority Orange gives to protecting children. Last 
year’s title “Human rights and digital services” has 
become “Human rights and freedom of expression”, 
which better expresses the responsibility of digital 
services to protect democracy and prevent 
misinformation.

The maturity factor
This year, we added an additional angle to the 
materiality matrix: the Group’s maturity in each of  
the issues identified. The maturity assessment was 
predominantly based on the findings of three leading 
ratings agencies (ISS oekom, Vigeo and EcoVadis). 
We then incorporated our Carbon Disclosure Project 
(CDP) climate change score and an assessment 
provided by our internal experts. Orange was 
deemed mature, performing well in the areas of 
employee experience and network quality and 
reliability. We continue to develop greater maturity in 
other priority areas such as digital inclusion and 
customer relationships and trust, to ensure we meet 
our objectives.   

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Our materiality matrix 

Ethics and the customer relationship
Environment
Society
Employee experience
Degree of maturity

s
n
o
i
t
a
t
c
e
p
x
e
r
e
d
o
h
e
k
a
t
S

l

Electromagnetic  
fields

Safe and 
responsible  
use of digital 
technology  
(child protection 
and exposure  
to screens)

Social and  
economic footprint  
and local jobs

Energy and climate  
change

Human rights  
and freedom  
of expression 

Customer  
relationships  
and trust

Digital  
inclusion

Network and 
service quality  
and reliability

Privacy and  
data protection

Financial  
inclusion

Transparent products  
and services

Access to  
essential needs

Supplier  
relationships

Ethics and  
anticorruption

Circular economy and eco-design  
of products and services

Occupational health  
and safety

Skills  
development

Quality of life  
at work

Diversity and equal 
opportunities

Labour relations

Philanthropy

j

s
e
r
r
o
u
e
a
M
a
M

j

s
t
e
n
t
a
n
c
a
fi
t
r
i
n
o
g
p
m
s
y
r
s
e
è
V
r
T

i

i

s
t
e
n
t
a
n
c
a
fi
t
r
i
n
o
g
p
m
S

i

I

Biodiversity

Significant

Very significant 

Major

Impact on Orange’s performance

 
 
 
 
 
122

Managing  
risks to support 
sustainable  
performance  
 —

Our strategy and operations expose us to a 
number of risks* that can affect our 
stakeholders, prevent us from achieving our 
targets, invoke legal liability or undermine trust 
in our brand. Several years ago, we put in place a 
structure, procedures and systems to detect 
risks and take targeted measures to prevent and 
mitigate them. 

Our internal control and risk management systems 
address the various operational, legal, financial and 
non-financial risks we face (see table on the 
following page). They are based on an organisation 
and procedures that have been put in place by 
Senior Management, the Executive Committee and 
employees. The goal is to provide reasonable 
assurance that we will meet our operating targets, 
comply with current laws and regulations and 
disclose reliable financial and non-financial 
information. The systems are defined, deployed, 
managed and assessed by the Group Audit, 
Control and Risk Management Department 
(DACRG) based on processes certified under the 
ISO 9001 quality management standard. 

Group-wide involvement  
Within this integrated approach to audit, control 
and risks, the DACRG sets out the Group’s risk 
management strategy and implements it by:
   anticipating risks relating to the strategic plan 

and identifying emerging risks;

   leading the risk mapping and assessment 

process on behalf of the Executive Committee’s 
Risk Committee; 

   supporting subsidiaries and entities when they 
prepare their own risk maps and following up 
their action plans. It does this in conjunction with 
the relevant departments (in particular the Group 
CSR Department regarding non-financial risks), 
and the network of risk managers and internal 
control officers in the subsidiaries and entities.

At least once a year, each department identifies and 
maps the risks faced by its stakeholders within its 
scope and prepares additional action plans to 
mitigate those risks more effectively. Progress on 
these plans, the list of significant events and 
updates to the risk map are discussed during 
internal control reviews in each department. 
At the same time, subsidiaries and entities roll out 
and continuously improve their risk management 
system by:
   training subsidiary directors and CEOs in risk 

management; 

   aligning internal audit scopes with the principal 

risks; 

   circulating policies and practices defined and 

identified by the Group; 

   setting up self-assessment processes.
The Executive Committee’s Risk Committee also 
examines the Group’s risk management system 
once a year. The Board of Directors’ Audit 
Committee is tasked with ensuring the 
effectiveness of internal control and risk 
management systems (including those relating to 
financial security laws). 

Under the French Afep-Medef Code as amended in 
June 2018, the Audit Committee now also reviews 
exposure to social and environmental risks.

* For more information about risks, see the Duty of care plan and 
Section 2.1 (Risk factors) of the 2018 Registration Document.  

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Board of Directors

Audit Committee
Monitors the effectiveness of internal control and risk management systems

Executive Committee

Risk Committee
Reviews the yearly risk management report
Puts forward suggestions to the Executive Committee regarding risk management and the quality of internal control

Delegate Chief Executive Officer
Finance, Performance and Europe

Group Audit, Control and Risk Management  
Department (DACRG)

Internal  
audit
(independent)

Internal 
control

Risk 
management

Fraud  
& Revenue 
Assurance

General 
control

Credit 
management

Defines, deploys, manages and assesses the Group’s internal control and risk management systems  
on behalf of the Executive Committee
Implements processes certified under ISO 9001 (2015) with an integrated approach to audit, control and risks

In cooperation with

Group Corporate  
Social Responsibility  
Department

Other Group Departments including  
those responsible for security,  
data protection, compliance,  
human resources, procurement,  
insurance, etc. 

Lead and support

Communicate

Operating subsidiaries/entities
Roll out and continuously improve risk management and internal control systems
Identify, assess, mitigate and report the risks within their scope

 
124

Risk

Description & impact

Examples of protection/prevention measures

Breach of integrity or 
confidentiality of data or 
information

Unlawful access through cyberattacks or injunctions from authorities may 
compromise data integrity, confidentiality or storage and potentially invade individuals’ 
privacy or compromise business continuity

The Group Security Department oversees a comprehensive security system. It also contributes to improving measures to 
protect infrastructure, products and services by implementing a Security by Design approach (to address security issues 
right from the design phase) and rolling out targeted mechanisms to protect and supervise networks and the IT system.
The Data Protection Officer coordinates all privacy-related programmes and measures.
The Group helps develop cybersecurity skills at the Orange Cyberdefense Academy.

The Group is improving digital inclusion and addressing other social issues by expanding its network and developing 
specific packages and services, and through the Orange Foundation and Duty of care plan. 
It runs employee training and awareness programmes on a regular basis, and the Governance and Corporate Social and 
Environmental Responsibility Committee ensures employees adhere to charters and policies and oversees compliance 
programmes (ethics, anti-corruption, CSR, etc.). 
The associated management and control systems undergo regular internal and external assessments.

Damage to the Group’s image and reputation due to non-compliance with internal and 
external rules
Sanctions against the company and/or its employees
Damage to Group property and assets

Ethical breach 

Overreliance  
on a supplier

Deterioration in quality or performance due to failure on the part of a key supplier 
Contractual terms imposed by a monopoly supplier
Business interruption or the need to review our strategy, in particular regarding  
new technologies     

The purchasing policy, steered by the Global Procurement & Supply Chain Department, includes a risk assessment in 
the supplier selection and monitoring process. The Group conducts regular audits of its suppliers and closely monitors 
suppliers at risk of bankruptcy. The Group updates its procurement strategy and frequently reviews its choice of 
suppliers in light of market threats and opportunities. 

Disruptive business models or 
innovation

Infrastructure obsolescence
Loss of contact with customers
Drop in performance due to disruptive technology, business models or regulation that 
could affect the appeal or profitability of our products and services 

The Group’s investment policy focuses heavily on research and innovation. 
The Technology and Global Innovation Department, based at Orange Gardens (the Group’s eco-campus for internal and 
open innovation), gathers strategic intelligence on the digital ecosystem, takes part in standard-setting bodies 
(e.g. GSMA) and supports the Group’s large-scale transformation projects.

Failure to adapt  
and/or diversify

Financial losses
Decline in employee morale
Damage to our image and reputation

The Group continues to make progress towards its strategic development goals, led by the various relevant 
departments including its new Transformation Department. The practical measures it is taking to do so include entering 
into partnerships with key industry stakeholders, investing in ventures that will further our strategic innovation and 
diversification priorities, and working on projects aimed at improving the Group’s working methods.

Geopolitical and  
macroeconomic instability 

Major business disruption 

Lack of key or rare skills

Threat to the security and safety of people and property
Breaches of fundamental freedoms resulting from injunctions from local authorities
Decline in financial performance

Orange uses monitoring systems to anticipate a number of eventualities (including national conflicts, international 
tensions, financial crashes, etc.) and to take appropriate steps to avoid or mitigate the risks and protect people and 
assets.    

Loss in quality or disruption or interruption of services provided due to a technical 
malfunction, operational failure, cyberattack, damage to our infrastructure or 
injunctions from authorities

Delayed launch or discontinuation of new businesses or transformation initiatives
Major business interruption
Increased reliance on suppliers
Decline in employee morale

Orange factors resilience into its solutions right from the design phase, using a variety of mechanisms (Secure by 
Design, backups, thorough acceptance tests, etc.).
The Business Continuity Management System (BCMS) run by the Security Department is deployed across our business 
units. The system includes backup sites, system redundancy, business recovery plans, etc.

The Group implements a strategic workforce planning policy and is reinforcing job-related training (Cyberdefense 
Academy, Sonatel Academy, etc.) to make sure it has the new expertise it needs. As and when required, it also invests in 
or acquires specialised businesses.

Non-compliance with laws, 
regulations or
obligations (contractual or 
otherwise)

Additional costs to achieve compliance, in particular in areas where the legal 
framework remains in flux (IoT, AI, blockchain, etc.)
Litigation, administrative, civil or criminal sanctions at either the local
or international level, revocation of business licences

The Group Legal Department supervises all our regions and business operations, including special programmes and 
units focusing on present and future key issues, e.g. the European General Data Protection Regulation, duty of care, 
compliance with international economic sanctions, international anti-corruption laws, Task Force on Climate-related 
Financial Disclosures (TCFD), etc.

Health and safety of people

Deterioration in working conditions
Physical and mental harm to employees, customers and partners 
Exposure of people to phenomena that science has not conclusively ascertained to be 
entirely safe (electromagnetic waves, prolonged exposure to screens, etc.)
Restrictions on the use of mobile devices, jeopardising the telecommunications 
sector’s business model, litigation

The Group pursues a proactive risk prevention policy with its own budget and special agreements. The policy has led to 
the application of the social contract and our pledge to be a digital and caring employer, the occupational health office’s 
initiatives and the implementation of our Duty of care plan. 
The Group ensures its equipment and devices meet all current health requirements and supports public and private 
epidemiological research programmes (conducted by the WHO, SCENIHR, etc.). It develops tools to measure wave 
intensity and circulates safety information to employees and customers, in particular through programmes on the 
responsible use of technology and websites designed to support families (betterinternetforkids.eu, bienvivreledigital.fr, 
etc.).

 
 
 
126
126

Our Essentials2020 indicators

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Indicator Objective Description

Actions

Customer 
experience

Become and 
remain No.1  
in Net Promoter 
Score (NPS)  
for 3 out of 4 
customers  
by 2018

NPS is the customer recommendation metric that 
most accurately reflects the degree of customer loyalty 
to a brand. It is measured by asking customers 
whether they would recommend a company to family 
or friends. The score is calculated by deducting the 
percentage of those who would not recommend a 
brand (detractors) from those who would (promoters), 
broken down by country and relevant segment. The 
indicator reflects the percentage of customers in 
countries and segments where Orange ranks as the 
No.1 recommended operator.

   Deployment of 

networks that can 
keep up with 
customer usage

   Innovative and 

competitive services

   Digital tools for 

simple and smooth 
customer interactions

Customer 
experience

Offering 
enriched 
connectivity

Improve  
Orange’s Brand 
Power Index  
(BPI) in our  
various markets  
by 2018

This indicator is measured using the Brand Equity 
model developed by the specialised consultancy firm 
Millward Brown. It shows predisposition for the brand 
after stripping out specific commercial factors, taking 
into account how meaningful, different and prominent 
the brand is in customers’ minds. It is a means of 
measuring the power of the Orange brand and the 
engagement of consumers.

   Unification of the 

brand identity across 
the world

   Consistency between 

communication 
campaigns, the brand 
identity and customer 
experience

Triple the average 
data throughput  
of our customers 
on both fixed  
and mobile  
networks  
by 2018 compared 
with 2014

Calculated in Mbps:                                                                                    
   Based on external and independent measurements 
of average data throughputs delivered by our 3G 
and 4G networks, respectively. 

   Based on queries to fixed internet databases of active 
customers  (ADSL and fibre), and measurement of 
the data throughput configured for each. 

Average data throughputs reflect our capacity to offer 
our customers richer connectivity, in line with growing 
data usage (streaming,  HDTV, etc.).

   Deployment of mobile 
networks to improve 
quality and increase 
coverage where 
customers need it 

   Deployment of very 

high-speed 
broadband networks 
to meet the needs of 
individuals

Reinventing
the customer 
relationship

Conduct 50%  
of customer 
interactions in 
Europe via digital 
channels  
by 2018

The share of digital in all customer interactions 
(purchase, management, service) in France and the 
rest of Europe across all channels (digital channels, call 
centres, stores).

   Tools and processes 

for a bespoke 
experience in stores, 
online and in call 
centres

   Digital tools for 

simple and smooth 
customer interactions

Percentage of customers  
who rank Orange as  
the No. 1 recommended operator

Results

2015   

2016   

2017   

2018   

47%

55%

68%

57%*

*The objective of 75% was not met overall, but the Group remains leader in 15 countries 
out of 23 (scores not measured in Luxembourg or the Central African Republic). Orange 
also scores particularly well in France where it is No. 1 across all segments (mobile, 
broadband, convergence and low cost).  

Number of  
countries where  
Brand Power Index  
is improving

2015  8/9 

2016  6/9 

2017  6/10 

2018  7/10 

Average throughput of fixed  
and mobile networks 

Percentage of customer interactions 
via digital channels

2014  reference year

2015  × 1.8 

2016  × 2.5 

2017  × 3.2 

2018  × 7.6 

2014   

2015   

2016   

2017   

2018   

Broadband 
and convergence 

Mobile

Fixed 
networks 

Mobile 
networks

14/23

11/23 vs 2014

14/24 vs 2014

15/25 vs 2014

× 1.4

× 1.9

× 2.5

× 3.1

30%

32.5%

40%

45%

52%

 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
                             
 
  
 
 
 
128

Indicator Objective Description

Actions

Building a 
company model 
that is both 
digital  
and caring

Reach 90%  
of employees 
recommending 
Orange as an 
employer  
in 2018

Orange is committed to building a caring and 
digital employer model. It conducts employee 
surveys both in France and around the world to 
measure the percentage of employees who 
would recommend Orange as an employer.  
This percentage has been measured twice a year 
since 2010 in a survey conducted by an 
independent firm. In 2017, for the first time in 
France, all employees were asked to take part in 
an online Employee Barometer. Previously, only  
a sample of 4,000 employees answered the 
survey by phone. This survey was implemented 
outside  of France in 2011. The questionnaire 
– 49 questions structured into the 3 priorities that 
make up the Orange promise – has been adapted 
and standardised to apply to all Group 
employees. 

   Developing new skills

   Improving collective agility 
by simplifying processes 
and facilitating more 
collaborative working 
methods

   Enhancing employee 
engagement through 
employee share ownership, 
contributing to innovation 
and intrapreneurial 
programmes

Guiding  
businesses 
through their 
own digital 
transformation

Increase the share 
of IT & integration 
services in the 
Orange Business 
Services revenue 
mix by 
10 percentage 
points by 2020

Orange wants to be the trusted partner for 
companies undergoing digital transformation 
that requires them to reshape their business 
models, services and offers. Orange will 
measure the success of the transformation of its 
enterprise business model through the share of 
IT and integration services in the Orange 
Business Services revenue mix (excluding the 
mobile segment in France).

   Support to business 

customers on IT migrations  
to the cloud

   Skills development in 

artificial intelligence and data 
analysis

   Delivery of cybersecurity 
solutions for customer 
infrastructure

Diversifying
by capitalising 
on our 
assets

Successfully 
diversify into new 
services to exceed 
€1 billion in 
revenues  
in 2018

Orange is diversifying and exploring new regions 
in order to better anticipate the key needs of its 
customers and develop new services (in 
particular financial and IoT-related services).

   Development of complete 

solutions based on connected 
devices and appliances and 
service platforms (smart cities, 
connected cars, smart homes)

   Broadening the scope of 

Orange Bank mobile financial 
services in France

   Launch of Orange Bank 

outside France

Percentage of employees  
who would recommend Orange  
as a great place to work in France 
and around the world

Share of IT & integration services  
in the Orange Business Services 
revenue mix

Revenues from new services

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Results

2014  85% 

2015  86.9% 

2016  81% 

2017  83% 

2018  81% 

2014   

2015   

2016   

2017   

2018   

2015   

2016   

2017   

2018   

France

International

84.3%

86.2%

France and international

28.4% 

30% 

32.2% 

33.2% 

36.3% 

€228 million in revenues

€323 million in revenues  
and other income

€615 million in revenues  
and other income

€862 million in revenues  
and other income

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
130

Group indicators

Indicator

Definition

Actions

Financial indicators

Increase adjusted 
EBITDA in 2018 
versus 2017 on a 
comparable basis

Adjusted EBITDA corresponds to operating income 
before depreciation and amortisation, before impacts 
related to acquisitions of controlling interests, before 
impairment of goodwill and assets, and before share 
of profits of associates and joint ventures, adjusted 
for major disputes, specific labour expenses, review 
of the portfolio of shares and operations, and 
restructuring and consolidation costs.

Revenue growth and further progress 
in our operational efficiency plan

Adjusted EBITDA

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Data

2018   

(up 2.7% on a comparable basis)

€13 billion 

Increase operating 
cash flow in 2018 
versus 2017 on a 
comparable basis

Operating cash flow is equal to adjusted EBITDA 
minus CAPEX (on tangible and intangible assets 
excluding telecommunication licences and 
investments through finance leases).

Our continued efforts to reduce costs 
and tightly control investments

Operating cash flow

2018   

€5.6 billion 

(up 1.7% on a comparable basis)

Maintain the ratio  
of net financial debt  
to adjusted EBITDA  
in telecom activities  
at around 2×  
in the medium  
term

Net debt is calculated as the amount of financial 
liabilities, excluding operational liabilities (converted 
into euros at the exchange rate at the end of the 
reporting period), including derivatives (assets and 
liabilities), minus cash collateral deposits, cash and 
cash equivalents and investments at fair value.

Growth in adjusted EBITDA and 
careful management of our balance 
sheet

Non-financial indicators

Reduce CO2 
emissions by 50%  
per customer  
usage between  
2006 and 2020

Orange has actively controlled and reduced the 
environmental impact of its operations since 2007. 
Orange set a new objective at the COP21 climate 
conference in late 2015. From 2016, the CO2 emissions 
generated by the 10 main countries accounting for 90% 
of the Group’s internal emissions (networks, buildings, 
vehicles) are calculated based on customer usage (base 
year: 2006). The method for calculating this indicator 
has been devised and audited by independent bodies. 
The indicator measures different types of usage (voice, 
data, TV, internet, etc.).

   Monitoring the energy used by 

networks and pooling equipment 
with other operators

   Cutting CO2 emissions generated 
by buildings, vehicles and travel
   Extending ISO 14001 certification 

across the entire Group

   Engaging with international 

standards organisations (ITU, ETSI, 
Cenelec, etc.)

   Embedding circular economy 

principles in our processes by 2020

Net debt/adjusted EBITDA of 
telecom activities

 2018  

1.93×

Reduction of CO2 emissions  
per customer usage

2016   

2017   

2018   

2020   

48.23%

50.03% 

56.59% 

50% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
132

Indicator

Definition

Actions

Increase  
the number of 
entrepreneurs 
supported by our 
initiatives to boost 
local economic and 
social development 
by 15% per year

As part of our position as an operator 
engaged in the communities of our operating 
regions and in addition to our Open Innovation 
programme, we support the development of 
new forms of business and entrepreneurship 
at the local level. We provide support directly 
through targeted actions implemented by 
Orange, as well as indirectly by helping to 
drive momentum in local digital landscapes.

   Promoting the creation of business 

incubators in Africa

   Supporting emerging start-ups in Africa  
and the Middle East through the annual 
Orange Social Entrepreneur Prize since 2011

   Helping create venture funds 
   Supporting start-ups with a number of tools 

for guidance (Orange Fabs, etc.)

Increase the 
involvement of 
women in our 
management 
networks to 35%  
by 2020

Collect 30%  
of unwanted  
mobiles from 
customers  
in Europe  
by 2020

By 2020, conduct 
supplier audits  
as part of the Joint 
Audit Cooperation 
(JAC) as follows:
– Tier 1: 10%
– Tier 2: 35%
– Tier 3: 50%
– Tier 4: 5%

Ensuring women are able to access 
managerial positions is a top priority in our 
workplace diversity policy.

   Deploying a range of initiatives to identify 

new talent among women

   Training managers to limit unconscious bias 

and the impact of stereotypes

   Ensuring gender balance within talent pools 
(as part of Orange Graduate Programme 
recruitment, for example)

Natural resources are finite, which is why 
Orange has embedded the concept of a 
circular economy directly in its processes. In 
particular, this means recycling or reusing 
equipment and handsets, especially unwanted 
mobiles. Percentages refer to the number of 
mobiles collected as a proportion of the 
number of mobiles sold in Europe.

   Working with our suppliers to extend 

lifecycles and reuse the maximum amount of 
network hardware by taking a modular 
approach

   Offering commercial incentives and 

organising eco-citizenship initiatives across 
our distribution networks and with partners 
(public authorities, business customers, etc.)

In 2011, Orange decided to set up an 
association of telecoms operators, known as the 
Joint Audit Cooperation (JAC). We also agreed 
to be audited by the JAC. It verifies, assesses 
and improves the way suppliers implement CSR 
principles by drawing up corrective action plans 
when necessary. The KPIs were reworked in 
2016 to steer audits more towards covering the 
deepest levels of the supply chain, which are 
often where most cases of non-compliance are 
found. Tier 4 was covered in 2018. Working 
more closely with Tier 1 suppliers naturally led to 
a reduction in the number of audits needed, 
allowing us to focus on the next levels.

   Cooperating with the JAC, which helps us 

benefit from a larger panel of audited 
suppliers

   Working with our Tier 1 and 2 suppliers to 
reach the deeper levels of the supply chain
   Implementing a full audit process across our 

own portfolio of suppliers

   Creating the JAC Academy in 2018 to train 
our Tier 1 suppliers in JAC audits to further 
spread the initiative among their own 
suppliers

Orange 2018 Integrated Annual Report

Numbers of entrepreneurs 
supported by our social and 
economic development initiatives

Percentage of women in our 

management networks

Percentage of unwanted  
mobiles collected

Data

2015   

2016   

2017   

2018   

2015   

2016   

2017   

2018   

2020   

2015   

2016   

2017   

2018   

2020   

150

239

435

≈500 

25.2% 

27.3%

28.5%

29.8% 

35%

14%

15.3% 

15.2%

15.4%

30% 

Pre-2015  
average 

Tier 1   40%
Tier 2   49%
Tier 3   5%

2015

2016

2017

2018

Tier 1 
Tier 2 
Tier 3 

21%
48%
31%

Tier 1 
Tier 2 
Tier 3 

16% 
55%
29%

Tier 1 
Tier 2 
Tier 3 

31% 
45% 
24%

Tier 1 
Tier 2 
Tier 3 
Tier 4  

24% 
69%
6%
1%

2020

Tier 1 
Tier 2 
Tier 3 
Tier 4 

10%
35%
50%
5%

 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Orange - Communication and Brand Department 
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(Paris Trade and Companies Register)

Copywriting and graphic design 
Pelham Media & Studio L’Éclaireur

Translation 
Alto International

Credits
Stéphanie Jayet, Getty Images, Nicolas Gouhier, Studio Harcourt Paris, French Senate, Orange brand site
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