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Meridian Bioscience Inc.OXFORD IMMUNOTEC GLOBAL PLC FORM 10-K (Annual Report) Filed 03/01/17 for the Period Ending 12/31/16 Telephone CIK 44 01235 442780 0001586049 Symbol OXFD SIC Code Industry 2835 - In Vitro and In Vivo Diagnostic Substances Advanced Medical Equipment & Technology Sector Healthcare Fiscal Year 12/31 http://www.edgar-online.com © Copyright 2017, EDGAR Online, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Distribution and use of this document restricted under EDGAR Online, Inc. Terms of Use. Table of ContentsUNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K (Mark One) ☒☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGEACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 20 16OR ☐☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIESEXCHANGE ACT OF 1934For the transition period from to Commission File Number 001-36200 OXFORD IMMUNOTEC GLOBAL PLC (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) England and Wales 98-1133710 (State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 94C Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon OX14 4RZ,United Kingdom Not Applicable (Address of Principal Executive Offices) (Zip Code) +44 (0)1235 442780 (Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Name of exchange on which registeredOrdinary Shares , £ 0.00 6705 nominal value per sha re The NASDAQ Global Market Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the ActNone Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☐ No ☒ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐ No ☒ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during thepreceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for thepast 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐ Table of Contents Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to besubmitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submitand post such files). Yes ☒ No ☐ Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best ofregistrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See thedefinitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (check one): Large accelerated filer ☐ Accelerated filer ☒ Non-accelerated filer ☐ Smaller reporting company ☐ (Do not check if a smallerreporting company) Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒ As of February 21, 2017, there were 22,712,311 Ordinary Shares, nominal value £0.006705, of Oxford Immunotec Global PLC outstanding. As of June 30, 2016, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s OrdinaryShares held by non-affiliates was approximately $196,841,358.DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE The following documents (or parts thereof) are incorporated by reference into the following parts of this Form 10-K: Certain information required by Part III of thisAnnual Report on Form 10-K is incorporated from our definitive proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A, to be filed with the Commission not later than 120days after the close of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. Table of Contents Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This Annual Report on Form 10-K, and exhibits hereto, contains or incorporates by reference estimates, predictions, opinions, projections and other statements thatmay be interpreted as “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act.The forward-looking statements are contained principally in Part I, Item 1: “Business,” Part I, Item 1A: “Risk Factors,” and Part II, Item 7: “Management’sDiscussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” but are also contained elsewhere in this Annual Report. In some cases, you can identifyforward-looking statements by the words “may,” “might,” “will,” “would,” “could,” “should,” “intend,” “plan,” “contemplate,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,”“estimate,” “predict,” “project,” “target,” “potential,” “continue,” and “ongoing” and other comparable expressions intended to identify statements about the future,although not all forward-looking statements contain these identifying words. These statements involve substantial known and unknown risks, uncertainties andother factors that may cause our actual results, level of activity, performance or achievements to differ materially from those currently anticipated. Forward-lookingstatements are neither historical facts nor assurances of future performance. Although we believe that we have a reasonable basis for each forward-lookingstatement contained in this Annual Report, we caution you that these statements are based on a combination of facts and factors currently known by us and ourexpectations of the future, about which we cannot be certain and that involve substantial risks and uncertainties. Such risks and uncertainties include, but are notlimited to: ●our history of losses, our ability to achieve or sustain profitability and our ability to manage our growth; ●our ability to effectively use our current financial resources and our ability to obtain additional capital resources; ●our ability to service our debt and meet the obligations thereunder; ●our ability to further develop, commercialize and achieve market acceptance of our current and future products; ●our ability to obtain regulatory body clearance to market any of our products; ●our ability to successfully develop and complete the acquired in process research and development, or IPR&D, program and profitably commercialize theunderlying product candidates before our competitors develop and commercialize similar products, or at all; ●continued demand for diagnostic products for tuberculosis and the development of new market opportunities; ●our ability to compete successfully and to maintain and expand our sales network; ●decisions by insurers and other third-party payors with respect to coverage and reimbursement; ●our dependence on certain of our customers, suppliers and service providers; ●disruptions to our business, including disruptions at our laboratories and manufacturing facilities; ●the integrity and uninterrupted operation of our information technology and storage systems; ●the impact of currency fluctuations on our business; ●the impact of global economic and political developments, including the referendum to leave the European Union, passed by the United Kingdom, orU.K., on June 23, 2016, on our business; ●potential changes in the United States, or U.S., social, political, regulatory and economic conditions or laws and policies governing the health care system,U.S. tax laws, foreign trade, immigration, manufacturing, and development and investment in the territories and countries where we or our customers andsuppliers operate; ●our ability to make successful acquisitions or investments and to manage the integration of such acquisitions or investments; ●our ability to retain key members of our management; ●the impact of taxes on our business, including our ability to use net operating losses; ●the impact of legislative and regulatory developments, including healthcare reform, on our business; ●potential changes to the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act of 2010, or PPACA; ●the impact of product liability, intellectual property and commercial litigation on our business; ●our ability to comply with SEC reporting, antifraud, anti-corruption, environmental, health and safety laws and regulations; ●our ability to maintain our licenses to sell our products around the world, including in countries such as China and the U.S., and in the several U.S. statesrequiring licensure; ●our ability to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights; ●our status as an emerging growth company and as an English company listing ordinary shares in the U.S.; ●the volatility of the price of our shares, substantial future sales of our shares and the fact that we do not pay dividends; and ●the impact of anti-takeover provisions under U.K. law and our articles of association. Table of Contents You should refer to Item 1A, “Risk Factors” in this Annual Report for a discussion of other important factors that may cause our actual results to differ materiallyfrom those expressed or implied by our forward-looking statements. As a result of these factors, we cannot assure you that the forward-looking statements in thisAnnual Report will prove to be accurate. Further, if our forward-looking statements prove to be inaccurate, the inaccuracy may be material. In light of thesignificant uncertainties in these forward-looking statements, you should not regard these statements as a representation or warranty by us that we will achieve ourobjectives and plans in any specified time frame, or at all. The forward-looking statements in this Annual Report represent our views only as of the date of thisAnnual Report. Subsequent events and developments may cause our views to change. While we may elect to update these forward-looking statements at some pointin the future, we undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, except as required by law. You should, therefore, not rely on theseforward-looking statements as representing our views as of any date subsequent to the date of this Annual Report. As used in this Annual Report, the words“Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to Oxford Immunotec Global PLC, a public limited company incorporated under the laws of England and Wales. Table of Contents Table of Contents Page PART I Item 1.Business1 Item 1A.Risk Factors16 Item 1B.Unresolved Staff Comments38 Item 2.Properties38 Item 3.Legal Proceedings38 Item 4.Mine Safety Disclosures38 PART II Item 5.Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities39 Item 6.Selected Consolidated Financial Data40 Item 7.Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations43 Item 7A.Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk60 Item 8.Financial Statements and Supplementary Data61 Item 9.Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure62 Item 9A.Controls and Procedures62 Item 9B.Other Information62 PART III Item 10.Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance63 Item 11.Executive Compensation63 Item 12.Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters63 Item 13.Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence63 Item 14.Principal Accounting Fees and Services63 PART IV Item 15.Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules64 Item 16.Form 10-K Summary67 Signatures68 Table of Contents Part I It em 1. Business Overview We are a global, high-growth diagnostics company focused on developing and commercializing proprietary tests for under-served immune-regulated conditions.Our current product lines and development activities principally focus on four areas: infectious diseases, transplantation, autoimmune and inflammatory disease andimmune-oncology. We believe these areas are particularly attractive because they involve large patient populations and chronic conditions that present theopportunity for both initial diagnosis and additional testing to monitor the conditions. These immune-regulated conditions also tend to be characterized by widevariation in presentation and progression and often require expensive therapies, making diagnostic tests that can better categorize patients and inform treatmentpathways particularly useful and cost-effective. Lastly, we believe these conditions to be under-served as the industry lacks the appropriate techniques to prosecutethe immune responses which are driving these conditions. On July 1, 2016, we acquired substantially all of the assets of Imugen, Inc., or Imugen, a privately owned Massachusetts corporation specializing in developing andcommercializing proprietary tests for tick-borne diseases, including Lyme disease. On October 12, 2016, we acquired Immunetics, Inc., or Immunetics, a privately owned Massachusetts corporation focused on developing specialized tests forinfectious diseases, including tick-borne diseases, such as Lyme disease. Total consideration consisted of $6 million in cash and up to an additional $6 million incash payable on the achievement of certain revenue thresholds and pipeline related milestones over the next three years. Our first product, the T-SPOT . TB test, is used to test for tuberculosis, or TB, infection and leverages our proprietary T-SPOT technology platform, whichallows us to measure the response of specific immune cells to inform the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of patients with immune-regulated conditions. Our T-SPOT. TB test has been approved for sale in over 50 countries, including the United States, where we have received premarket approval, or PMA, from the Foodand Drug Administration, or FDA, in Europe, where we have obtained a CE mark, as well as in Japan and China. Interferon-gamma release assays, or IGRAs, suchas our T-SPOT. TB test have been included in clinical guidelines for TB testing in at least 34 countries, including the United States, several European countries andJapan. In addition, we have established reimbursement for our test in the United States, as well as a Current Procedural Terminology, or CPT , code that is uniqueto our test. Outside the United States, we have established reimbursement in several countries where reimbursement applies, including Japan, Switzerland andGermany. We have also established the cost-effectiveness of our test in several published studies. Our second product line is a range of assays for tick-borne diseases, such as Lyme disease, obtained through the acquisitions of Imugen and Immunetics in 2016.Tick-borne disease is the collective name for diseases passed to humans through the bite of an infected tick. The most prevalent and well known tick-borne diseaseis Lyme disease, but there are others such as anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, and babesiosis. If left unrecognised, and therefore untreated, they may go on to causesignificant downstream morbidity, including in rare cases death. Our diagnostic tests for tick-borne infections include multiple proprietary laboratory developedtests, or LDTs, offered from our Clinical and Laboratory Improvement Amendments, or CLIA, certified and College of American Pathologists, or CAP, accreditedlaboratory in Massachusetts and an FDA cleared test kit utilizing the C6 peptide, which is a marker specific to Lyme disease. Our C6 Lyme ELISA kit is alsoCE marked in the European Union. Our tick-borne disease tests utilize molecular methods (such as polymerase chain reaction) and techniques to prosecute theimmune system, and offer advantages over current tests and are widely reimbursed in the U.S. using existing codes on fee schedules. Our third product line is a series of assays for use in blood screening, building upon our expertise in tick-borne disease. The parasite Babesia microti which causesbabesiosis can be transmitted through the transfusion of infected blood, as well as by the bite of an infected tick. We are developing three assays for use inscreening the U.S. blood supply for Babesia microti. We have submitted biological license applications, or BLAs, for these three assays and they are currentlyunder review by the FDA. Our T-SPOT. CMV and T-SPOT. PRT tests are part of our fourth product line focused on the transplantation market. Both tests utilize our T-SPOT technologyplatform and are laboratory developed tests, or LDTs, performed in our CLIA certified, CAP accredited laboratory in Tennessee. Both the T-SPOT. CMV and T-SPOT. PRT tests are CE marked in the European Union. The T-SPOT. CMV test measures the strength of a patient’s cellular immune response to CMV specificantigens and provides information that may be useful in informing management strategies of patients at risk of CMV infection and disease, such as transplantpatients. The T-SPOT. PRT test assesses a solid organ transplant candidate's T cell response to foreign tissue, or alloreactivity, and may help clinicians identifypatients at increased risk of T cell mediated rejection post-transplant. We continue to take a measured approach to market introduction of these tests as we awaitfinal results of our two pivotal clinical studies involving these tests. “T-SPOT ,” “T-Cell Xtend ,” “Oxford Diagnostic Laboratories ,” “ODL ,” “SpiroFind ”, “Immunetics ,” the Oxford Immunotec logo, our laboratorylogo and other marks are our trademarks. Solely for convenience, trademarks and trade names referred to in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including logos,artwork and other visual displays, may appear without the or ™ symbols, but such references are not intended to indicate in any way that we will not assert, tothe fullest extent under applicable law, our rights to these trademarks and trade names.CPT is a registered trademark of the American Medical Association. 1® 1 2 TM 1 ® ® ® ® ® ® ® 2 Table of Contents In addition to our existing product lines, we continue to pursue development programs targeting other immune-regulated conditions, as well as applications of ourT-SPOT technology platform in immune-oncology. Product development activities are inherently uncertain, and there can be no assurance that we will be able toobtain regulatory body clearance to market any of our products, or if we obtain clearances that we will successfully commercialize any of our products. In addition,we may terminate our development efforts with respect to one or more of our products under development at any time, including before or during clinical trials. We believe the annual global market opportunity for our T-SPOT. TB test is well in excess of $1 billion, assuming we can largely displace the tuberculin skin test,or TST, in the developed world. We believe the U.S. market opportunity for our tests directed to Lyme and other tick-borne diseases exceeds $450 million and theU.S. market opportunity for our products directed to transplantation to be in excess of $450 million, although our market sizing estimates remain preliminary. Wehave not yet sized the market opportunity for our blood screening assays, as the volume of sales or pricing remain unknown, nor have we sized the market for theapplication of our technology in immune-oncology given the early stage of this program. We are a global business with 432 employees, including sales and marketing teams on three continents, and laboratories in the United States and the UnitedKingdom. In 2016, we derived approximately 42% of our revenue from outside the United States and our current customer base includes more than 3,000 activecustomers, such as hospitals, public health departments, physician offices, commercial testing laboratories, importers and distributors. Our focus Our products and research and development activities focus on proprietary tests for the management of under-served immune-regulated conditions. Largepopulations of patients have immune-regulated conditions that are often chronic conditions requiring active management through monitoring. Testing that allowsbetter categorization of patients and yields insights into the most likely successful treatment path facilitates personalized medicine, directing therapies to patients inwhom they are more likely to work and saving healthcare dollars. We view this space as being underserved by traditional diagnostic companies which lackappropriate techniques to prosecute the immune system. Immune-regulated conditions encompass a broad spectrum. We are focused on four principal areas: infectious diseases, transplantation, autoimmune andinflammatory disease and immune-oncology. Understanding immune-regulated conditions requires interrogation of the immune system. The human immune system is composed of three principal branches:innate immunity, cellular (T cell) immunity and humoral (B cell and antibody-based) immunity. Through our proprietary T-SPOT technology platform we canefficiently measure marker-specific T cell and innate immune responses at a single cell level and thereby inform the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of patientswith immune-regulated conditions. We employ a proprietary quantitative method to detect antigen-specific cells releasing immune messenger molecules, calledcytokines, released by effector T cells or innate immune cells. In relation to effector T cells, our technology is designed to selectively measure responses from thissubtype of T cells because they are primarily present when active, replicating pathogens are inside the body, as opposed to other T cell subtypes that may be presentlong after an infection has been cleared from the body. For diagnosis and monitoring applications, it is more relevant to be able to measure the immune responseassociated with the current infection rather than the immune response associated only with past, cleared exposure. Our T-SPOT technology offers many technical advantages that make it well suited to support our focus on immune-regulated conditions including high analyticalsensitivity, application across multiple diseases and conditions and standardization of white blood cell counts, which makes our technology particularly useful inimmunocompromised patients, such as those undergoing transplant surgery or treatment for cancer. We employ other proprietary testing methods in our assays directed to tick-borne diseases that support our differentiated test offerings. Our test methods provideincreased insight into antibody responses to tick-borne pathogens, which may help clinicians understand the disease state more completely. Our test kit for Lymedisease employs a patented synthetic peptide derived from a protein that is highly specific for Lyme disease. We also employ proprietary manufacturing processesand protocols designed to cost-effectively and reliably produce key elements of our T-SPOT technology, including the process for coating microtiter plates withcytokine antibodies, such as IFN- y antibodies, and our quality control testing procedures. Further, we have developed proprietary methods designed to achieverapid throughput in assay performance across all of our product lines. These methods involve specific protocols throughout the assay process and have beendeveloped in our service and research and development laboratories. 2Table of Contents Our Products Tuberculosis Tuberculosis is a common and, if not properly treated, potentially lethal infectious disease caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis , or MTB . MTBtypically infects the lungs, but the lymph nodes, kidneys, brain and bones may also be infected. Those with latent tuberculosis infection, or LTBI, are asymptomaticand are not infectious; however, each person with LTBI has a 5% to 10% chance, on average, of progressing to active TB over his or her lifetime. This risk ofprogression to active TB is significantly elevated among individuals with weakened immune systems, such as smokers, those with human immunodeficiency virus,or HIV, or diabetes or those on drugs that suppress the immune system (e.g., those taking biologic therapies for autoimmune disease or those undergoing immunesuppression post-transplantation). Without proper treatment, up to two thirds of individuals with active TB disease will die. According to the World Health Organization, or WHO, approximately one-third of the world’s population, over two billion people, is infected with M. tuberculosis. Despite the availability of an effective treatment, TB is the leading cause of infectious disease death worldwide and remains one of the top ten causes of deathworldwide from any cause. The WHO estimated that in 2015 approximately 10 million people were diagnosed with active TB disease, of which approximately1.8 million people died. There are three broad strategies to control TB: vaccination, finding and treating active TB disease, and finding and treating LTBI to prevent the development ofnew cases. The United States has one of the most comprehensive LTBI screening programs in the world with screening of several high-risk groups, includinghealthcare workers, recommended by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the CDC. Screening of healthcare workers is also recommended aspart of the accreditation standards for U.S. hospitals and screening of certain U.S. military personnel for LTBI is included in military guidelines. Other high-riskgroups identified by CDC include persons with immunosuppressive conditions, such as persons receiving immunosuppressive agents or organ transplant recipients,and persons with human immunodeficiency virus, or HIV. In addition, TB screening is mandated by many states to include additional populations, such as day carestaff, school teachers and pupils, and police officer candidates. In total, we estimate that there are 22 million LTBI tests performed each year in the United States, the majority of which are performed within the healthcaresystem in a variety of settings, including hospitals, public health offices, physicians’ offices and clinics. Outside the United States, we estimate the total number oftests to be 28 million each year, for a combined market size of 50 million LTBI tests annually. The primary test currently used for TB screening is the 100-year-old TST. The TST is administered by injecting an extract from cultured M. tuberculosis , calledtuberculin or PPD, into the skin of a subject’s forearm using a needle and syringe. The injection of the PPD into the skin of a subject previously infected with MTBstimulates the immune response, including T cells, causing the formation of a hard lump at the site of the injection. Because it takes time for this reaction to occur,the subject must return 48 to 72 hours after the PPD injection to have the result read. The test result is graded by feeling for the boundaries of the swelling, markingthese with a pen and then measuring the diameter with a ruler. The TST suffers from several limitations, including an antiquated technique that results in substantial test variability, false negative results in immunocompromisedpatients, false positive results in patients who have been Bacille Calmette-Geurin, or BCG, vaccinated and boosting of results, which occurs when an infectedsubject’s reaction to an initially false-negative TST causes increased sensitivity in a subsequent test such that it tests positive. In addition to these technicaldrawbacks, the TST requires multiple patient visits, which increases its overall cost. Our T-SPOT. TB test addresses the limitations of the TST by directly measuring antigen-specific T cells indicative of TB infection. We use two TB-specificantigens, ESAT-6 and CFP10, to stimulate T cells that have previously been exposed to M. tuberculosis , which causes them to release a cytokine called interferon-gamma. Interferon-gamma is one of the dominant cytokines released by activated T cells when encountering M. tuberculosis . In contrast to the PPD reagent usedin the TST, these two antigens are not shared with the BCG vaccine or with most non-tuberculous mycobacteria. Because our test detects individual T cells via theirrelease of interferon-gamma, our test is sometimes referred to generically as an IGRA. We currently offer our T-SPOT. TB test in either an in vitro diagnostic kit or a service format. In the former, we sell test kits and associated accessories tolaboratories for them to perform the testing themselves. In the latter, we have established clinical testing laboratories in the United States and the United Kingdom,where we perform our T-SPOT. TB test on samples sent to us by customers. In these markets, we have found that many customers prefer to send samples to usrather than perform their own analysis on-site. We market our service offering under the name Oxford Diagnostic Laboratories , or ODL . Our test is widely reimbursed both internationally, with reimbursement established in China, Japan and Germany, and in the U.S., where we have established aunique CPT code for our test. Based upon the combination of public and private payors, we now have over 300 million covered lives in the U.S. Although primarily designed for use in detecting LTBI, our test can also be used to assist in the diagnosis of active TB disease, particularly in suspected caseswhere conventional diagnostic methods such as chest x-ray or sputum smear are inconclusive. Because infection is a pre-requisite for disease, ruling out TBinfection can aid physicians in diagnosing a different disease or condition. Our test has been included in guidelines in several countries for this purpose, such asthose from the Netherlands, France, Ireland and Italy. 3® ® Table of Contents We believe that clinical guidelines, which are recommendations issued by national medical societies or public health bodies, are a driving factor in a clinician’sdecision to use a specific diagnostic test. IGRAs, such as our T-SPOT. TB test have been included in clinical guidelines for TB testing in at least 34 countries,including the United States, several European countries and Japan. In recent years, the use of IGRAs has been increasingly recommended. For example, in December 2016, a publication titled “Official American ThoracicSociety/Infectious Diseases Society of America/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Clinical Practice Guidelines: Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Adults andChildren” recommended use of IGRAs for testing for TB infection instead of the TST for patients over the age of five who meet the following criteria: 1) are likelyto be infected with MTB, 2) have a low or intermediate risk of disease progression, 3) testing for LTBI is warranted, and 4) either have a history of BCGvaccination or are unlikely to return for a second visit to read the TST. We believe that these guidelines, and similar national guidelines outside the United States, allow us to access the vast majority of the current TST market and assertthe superiority of an IGRA in significant segments of the market. We currently market our T-SPOT. TB test directly in the United States, Northern Europe and Japan. Outside of these territories, we have contracted withdistributors who market and sell our test. In countries where we have a direct presence, we use a combination of sales managers, sales representatives, customerservice staff and technical experts to interact with clinicians, nurses, administrative staff, laboratories and other groups who are involved in the implementation ofTB screening programs. Our goal is to educate these groups about the medical, logistical and economic benefits of switching from the TST to our T-SPOT. TB test .Our customer service staff and technical experts are also involved in the practical training of customers to perform and order our T-SPOT. TB test as well asanswering customer questions. These teams are supported by marketing activities, which include advertising, medical education, attendance at scientific meetingsand other awareness-raising activities. In 2016, we derived more than 91% of our revenue from sales of our T-SPOT. TB test. Tick-borne diseases Tick-borne diseases is the collective name for diseases passed to humans through the bite of an infected tick. Tick-borne diseases are increasing in incidence. In theUnited States, it is estimated that over 300,000 people are diagnosed each year with Lyme disease, the most common tick-borne disease. Coinfection may occur when the tick carries more than one pathogen. Studies have suggested that, depending on geographical location, up to 45% of patientsinfected with Borrelia burgdorferi , the causative organism of Lyme disease, may also be infected with other organisms that cause tick-borne diseases, such asBabesia microti . Discerning the correct diagnosis can be challenging. The CDC recommended approach for serological diagnosis of Lyme disease involves a 2-tiertesting methodology that relies on detection of antibodies. While these guidelines are effective in many situations, serological tests have detection limitationsduring the first few weeks of infection and the guidelines do not require testing for co-infection. Further, the challenges of diagnosing Lyme disease differ based on when patients present with symptoms. Diagnosis of early Lyme disease requires high sensitivityto detect infection. Late Lyme disease requires more specific and cost-effective testing to replace or streamline 2-tier testing and to indicate therapy response and/orcure. Our portfolio of tick-borne disease tests use a variety of analytical methods to meet the needs of clinicians and laboratorians in diagnosing and treating patients withtick-borne infections. Our Massachusetts laboratory uses antibody capture, enzyme immunoassay, or EIA, western blot, polymerase chain reaction, or PCR, and immunofluorescence assay, or IFA, methods to detect serological and molecular evidence of the particular organisms associated with tick-borne disease. We alsomaintain an archive of up to five years’ worth of specimens with serological evidence of infection. This may provide customers with a comparative analysis ofcurrent and past samples to provide further information to clinicians about their patients and disease state. Our C6 Borrelia burgdorferi (Lyme) ELISA kit, or C6 Lyme ELISA kit, measures Lyme specific antibodies by leveraging a synthetic version of the C6 peptideantigen, a marker specific to Borrelia burgdorferi , the causative organism of Lyme disease. The test has a one hour turnaround time and due to its improvedperformance over several other currently available tests, may reduce costs associated with sending out more samples for confirmatory tests . We currently utilize our sales force to market our tick-borne disease tests directly in the U.S. Outside the U.S., we rely on both our salesforce and independentdistributors to market our C6 Lyme ELISA kit. Babesia microti Blood Screening Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations that range from asymptomatic to severe acute or even fatal illness.While the disease is generally mild to moderate in children and young healthy adults, it is more severe in neonates, the elderly and immunocompromisedindividuals such as those undergoing treatment for cancer. Babesiosis is predominately caused by a parasite called Babesia microti . While it is primarilytransmitted through a tick bite, babesiosis can also be transmitted by blood transfusion. In fact, transfusion-transmitted babesiosis is responsible for the highestpercentage (38%) of transfusion-related infectious fatalities reported to the FDA in transfusion recipients and Babesia microti is the highest ranking pathogen in theU.S. transmitted by blood transfusion for which no donor screening is available. The transmission risk of Babesia microti is comparable to the transmission risk ofHIV, HBV, and HCV prior to the implementation of routine blood screening programs for these pathogens. Screening for Babesia microti , therefore, has become apriority for the FDA. 4Table of Contents Through our acquisition of Imugen, we have an antibody and PCR test for Babesia microti for use in blood screening. Our clinical trial, completed under an FDAInvestigational New Drug, or IND, application and in cooperation with the American Red Cross screened approximately 90,000 blood samples to evaluate theeffectiveness of our testing regime in detecting Babesia microti - infected donors. No reported cases of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis were associated with the75,331 screened donations from high risk states as compared to 14 cases per 253,031 unscreened donations. Based upon the study results, we believe our antibodyand PCR tests are effective for screening blood for Babesia microti and have submitted two BLAs to FDA to obtain licensure for the tests. The results of theclinical trial were published in the New England Journal of Medicine in December 2016. Through our acquisition of Immunetics, we have a second antibody test that may be used to screen for Babesia microti in blood samples. We have submitted a BLAfor the test and, if approved, we would offer the test as a kit for laboratories seeking to screen units of blood for Babesia microti in-house. Transplantation Over 160,000 transplants were conducted in 2014, with 29% in the United States, 48% in Europe and 23% in the rest of the world. Kidney and hematopoietic stemcell transplants comprise the majority of the market. The majority of transplants are performed in hospitals or clinics specializing in transplantation and present afairly concentrated sales call point. Our products currently targeting the transplant market are the T-SPOT. CMV and T-SPOT. PRT tests. These have completed technical development and we arecurrently conducting clinical validation. Our T-SPOT. CMV test measures the strength of a patient’s cellular immune response to CMV infection. Once infected with CMV, the virus remains in the bodyfor life and is an opportunistic pathogen. It is present in up to 90% of the human adult population, most of whom successfully control its progression through theirT cell response. For those with weakened immune systems such as transplant recipients, however, CMV presents a significant source of morbidity. Our T-SPOT.CMV test may be a useful aid in evaluating a patient’s risk of CMV infection and disease. Our T-SPOT. PRT assay measures the functional response of an organ recipient’s T cells to a panel of antigens representing foreign tissue types. Present testmethods directed to assessing the likelihood of graft rejection focus only on antibody mediated rejection. Graft rejection often involves the activation of T cells.Our test is directed to inform the risk a T cell mediated rejection both pre- and post-transplant, potentially allowing clinicians to reduce rejection events and adjustimmunosuppression consistent with the patient’s T cell response to the graft. The test is currently available only in connection with our ongoing PROTECT study. Our T-SPOT. CMV and T-SPOT. PRT tests are CE marked in the European Union. In the U.S., our CLIA certified and CAP accredited laboratory in Tennesseeperforms the tests. Regulatory approvals and clinical validation Tuberculosis Our T-SPOT. TB test is approved for commercial sale in over 50 countries. Key geographies where we have regulatory approval include: ●The United States . We obtained PMA for our T-SPOT. TB test from the FDA in 2008. Since 2008, an additional ten PMA supplements have beenapproved, including supplements relating to manufacturing improvements and label extensions, such as those that enable overnight shipment of bloodsamples. ●Europe . We obtained a CE mark in 2004, which allows us to sell our T-SPOT. TB test in Europe as well as other countries that accept the CE mark. ●China . We obtained initial approval for our T-SPOT. TB test from the China Food and Drug Administration, or the CFDA, in 2010. Consistent withCFDA re-registration requirements, we secured re-registration of our test in 2014, which will remain effective until 2019. ●Japan . We obtained approval for our T-SPOT. TB test from the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, or MHLW, in 2012. In addition to being validated in multiple clinical studies, our T-SPOT. TB test has also been the subject of nearly 500 peer-reviewed publications in scientificjournals including several meta-analyses. Tick-borne diseases and transplantation Our C6 Lyme ELISA kit is FDA cleared and CE marked in the European Union. The test has been the subject of over 20 peer-reviewed publications. 5Table of Contents Our service-based tests for tick-borne diseases are offered as laboratory developed tests from our CLIA certified, CAP accredited laboratory in Massachusetts. Ourtests have been the subject of more than 30 peer-reviewed publications. Competitive landscape Tuberculosis Our T-SPOT. TB test competes primarily with the TST. We believe our T-SPOT. TB test has a number of compelling advantages that make it a superior alternativeto the 100-year-old TST, including superior sensitivity and specificity, simplicity of administration and elimination of variability due to subjective interpretation ofresults. Although the TST is often considered to be inexpensive, as the PPD reagent and other materials used in the test typically cost less than $5 per test, thematerials cost is only one element of the total cost involved when conducting a TB screening program or TB control strategy. Substantial costs beyond thematerials cost of the TST test include additional costs associated with: (i) false-negatives and false-positives, which risk non-detection and require additionalconfirmatory tests; (ii) individuals who fail to return within the prescribed period and, therefore, require re-testing; and (iii) implementing and maintaining trainingprograms for healthcare workers who administer and read TST tests. Several studies have been published investigating the costs or cost-effectiveness of a TB screening program in the healthcare worker setting using the TST and incomparison to our T-SPOT. TB test. We believe these studies are informative in demonstrating how expensive the TST actually is to implement and how using ourT-SPOT. TB test in preference to the TST can be a more cost-effective solution when implementing TB screening programs. Other than the TST, our principal competitor is the QuantiFERON -TB Gold test, or QFN. As this test also measures IFN- y release, QFN, like our own test, issometimes referred to generically as an IGRA. We have been competing with QFN, or prior versions of this test, since the inception of our company over 14 years ago. Based on our experience, we believe thatwe have several performance advantages over QFN, including: ●In our pivotal clinical studies conducted in support of our PMA, T-SPOT. TB test results were not impacted by immunocompromised status orimmunosuppression. The U.S. package insert for the QFN test notes that QFN has not been extensively evaluated in individuals with impaired or alteredimmune function and that the minimum number of lymphocytes required for a reliable test result has not been established and may also be variable. Webelieve this is an important differentiating factor in patient populations with weakened immune systems, such as those on biologic therapies, corticosteroidor other immunosuppressive treatments, those with HIV and those undergoing dialysis or organ transplantation. ●In the FDA pivotal studies in the United States, our T-SPOT. TB test was shown to have clinical sensitivity exceeding 95%. In the clinical trials for QFNreported in its U.S. package insert, that test was shown to have overall sensitivity of 89%. We believe this allows us to differentiate our test based onaccuracy. In addition to the performance advantages we believe we have over QFN, we have developed and implemented the ability to offer our test as a service in the UnitedStates and the United Kingdom. The significant advantages of offering our test as a service include marketing opportunities created through the development ofdirect customer relationships, more convenient and extensive (7 days a week) access to testing via our logistics infrastructure, faster and more efficient customeron-boarding as a result of the simplicity of our pre-paid shipper boxes, and greater utility for our customers due to additional services we can provide beyond a testresult. As a result of clinical and service advantages, we have been able to negotiate a higher average selling price for our service. We believe this advantage provides us alarger addressable market than is available through selling kits as done by QFN; simply put, our revenue potential from the same testing volume is higher. Webelieve that this will also enable us to achieve a higher absolute profit per test. However, to the extent that national and regional laboratories offer QFN as a service,we may also face competition from them in our service offering. The benchmark reimbursement for our T-SPOT. TB test is higher than for QFN in the United States, with CMS reimbursement in 2016 of $102 per test for CPTcode 86481 as opposed to CMS reimbursement of $84 per test for CPT code 86480. We believe that this higher reimbursement provides us with pricing and accessadvantages in certain segments of the U.S. market. The QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus test, or QFN Plus, is currently available in the European Union. Early publications suggest similar performance characteristics toQFN Gold. QFN Plus also requires the use of a fourth specialized antigen-coated blood collection tube, either at the time of blood draw or later, which mayincrease phlebotomy complexity and time required. The additional blood collection tube may increase per-test costs for performing laboratories, as it requires anadditional plate well for each sample processed. Qiagen has announced that a PMA for QFN Plus has been submitted to the FDA, and we expect to see FDAapproval for this product in 2017. QuantiFERON is a registered trademark of Qiagen N.V. 6® 3 1 ® Table of Contents Tick-borne diseases Historically, the tick-borne disease testing market has been served by undifferentiated assays focused mainly on Lyme disease. The U.S. CDC guidelines, which arenow over 20 years old and were formulated when the incidence Lyme and other tick-borne diseases were far lower, recommend the use of a 2-tier methodology forLyme disease testing consisting of an initial screening by EIA or IFA followed by a confirmatory western blot for equivocal or positive EIA or IFA results. Thismethodology has three limitations: 1) it relies solely on indirect serological detection of infection; 2) serology testing can be insensitive within the first few weeksfollowing infection; and 3) it does not address testing for co-infection with other organisms that cause tick-borne diseases. The competitive landscape for diagnostics directed to tick-borne diseases is largely fragmented in the U.S. with national laboratories, regional laboratories andspecialty laboratories offering various tests utilizing a range of established technologies and laboratory techniques. Large community and academic hospitals mayoffer tick-borne disease testing ‘in-house’ i.e., within their laboratories, but it is typically limited to Lyme disease testing, as no FDA-approved test kits exist forehrlichiosis, anaplasmosis, babesiosis and several other tick-borne diseases other than Lyme. National laboratories, including Quest Diagnostics Inc. andLaboratory Corporation of America Holdings, have broad geographic reach in the U.S. and offer a range of antibody screening and PCR tests targeting Lyme andother tick-borne diseases. Regional laboratories focus on particular geographic areas within the U.S. and differ in the variety of tick-borne disease tests offeredwhile specialty laboratories tend to have more limited test menus, especially for tick-borne diseases other than Lyme disease. We believe that our portfolio of tick-borne disease tests offers a significant competitive advantage relative to the existing products on the market. Our C6 LymeELISA kit can replace one or both of the current 2-tier tests for Lyme disease because the test has higher sensitivity in the detection of antibodies in early and latestage Lyme disease and results in fewer false positives than several competing ELISA kits. Through the combination of PCR and antibody tests, we are also able todetect the organism that causes the tick-borne disease as well as the antibody response to the organism. Our approach accommodates a wider diagnostic windowand addresses more tick-borne diseases than the traditional test for Lyme disease. We also offer customers tests based on specific geographic prevalence data,which allows them to tailor the tests ordered to tick-borne diseases present in their local geographies. Additionally, for individual patients, Imugen archives testresults enabling current samples to be reviewed relative to previous samples to better inform the interpretation. Our pipeline Infectious diseases We are actively pursuing assays in the area of tick-borne diseases. The first assay, presently referred to as SpiroFind, targets Lyme disease and may provide both anearlier diagnosis and the ability to differentiate re-infections from prior exposure. This assay would complement our existing assays offering comprehensive testingfor tick-borne infections. Our second assay targets Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever, or RMSF. RMSF is the most lethal and most frequently reported rickettsial tick-borne disease in theUnited States. Although RMSF cases have been reported throughout most of the contiguous United States, five states (North Carolina, Oklahoma, Arkansas,Tennessee, and Missouri) account for over 60% of RMSF cases. The early clinical presentation of RMSF is nonspecific and may resemble a variety of otherinfectious and non-infectious diseases. We have additional assays in early stages of technical development which target infectious diseases endemic to the United States, Europe and other geographies.Diseases impacting public health in the U.S. and other geographies remain a key target for our product pipeline activities in infectious diseases. Assays directed tothese diseases allow us to leverage our commercial infrastructure as they have complementary call points including hospitals, physician offices and public healthdepartments. Transplantatio n Our products currently targeting the transplant market are the T-SPOT. CMV and T-SPOT. PRT tests for which we are currently conducting clinical validationthrough two clinical studies. The PROTECT study is a trial designed to demonstrate the clinical value of the T-SPOT. CMV and T-SPOT. PRT tests in solid organtransplantation and has fully enrolled at sites in the U.S. and Europe. The REACT study, which focuses on hematopoietic stem cell transplant patients, is designedto demonstrate the clinical value of the T-SPOT. CMV test and has completed enrollment at sites in the U.S., Canada and Europe. Although enrollment is complete,the studies require real-time follow-up of patients following transplant. We expect both clinical studies to report interim data in 2017. We estimate the total addressable market for our T-SPOT. CMV and T-SPOT. PRT assays to be in the range of $450 million. Immune-oncology Our work in the area of immune-oncology remains in the early stages as we explore the areas of utility of our T-SPOT technology platform in the context of cancerimmunotherapy. Specifically, we are evaluating use of our technology in connection with the rapid advancement of vaccines or therapies targeting specific cancercell surface antigens. As our research in this area progresses, we will be refining our focus with the goal of optimizing the commercialization of our T-SPOTtechnology platform in the immune-oncology space. 7Table of Contents Our total research and development expenses were $13.9 million, $10.4 million, and $7.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014,respectively. Intellectual property We seek to secure and maintain protection of the proprietary aspects of our technology platform and of our existing and planned products. We rely on acombination of patents, trademarks, trade secret and other intellectual property laws, and confidentiality, license and invention assignment agreements and othercontracts to protect our intellectual property rights. In addition, we have developed substantial knowledge in the field of immunology diagnostics includingproprietary methods that we believe provide us with a significant advantage relative to potential competitors. The intellectual property relating to our T-SPOT. TB test that we own or license includes 13 issued U.S. patents, 16 issued patents in other jurisdictions, twopending U.S. patent applications and two pending patent applications in other jurisdictions, as well as registered trademarks, proprietary manufacturing processesand protocols, and proprietary methods directed towards achieving rapid throughput in assay performance. Our owned and licensed patents Many of the patent rights we own or in-license have claims directed to the use of ESAT-6 and/or CFP10 to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis . We believe thatthese are the most important TB-specific antigens and we include peptides from both of these in our T-SPOT. TB test. We also believe that using an ELISPOTtechnique for an IGRA enhances its accuracy and suitability for use in testing individuals with compromised immune systems. Our T-SPOT. TB test employs thistechnique. Our core technology patents contain claims to methods of measuring marker-specific effector T cell responses at a single-cell level. These methods cover themeasurement of intracellular pathogens by detecting, through a quantitative method using an ELISPOT technique, the in vitro release of cytokines by antigen-specific effector T cells. These measurements can inform the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of patients with immunologically controlled diseases orconditions, such as infectious diseases, cancers and autoimmune diseases. These patents run through 2017 and 2019. The inventions claimed in our patents and patent applications relating to removal of granulocytes from stored blood samples may also have applications in relationto other diseases, conditions or situations where blood samples cannot be tested soon after the blood draw. This proprietary method is a core part of the T-SPOTtechnology as it improves the stability of stored blood enabling the overnight shipment of blood samples. The patents covering these inventions expire in 2028. We have also licensed three patents on a non-exclusive basis that relate to our T-SPOT. CMV test and one patent that relates to our C6 Lyme ELISA kit. Inconnection with our acquisitions of Boulder Diagnostics, Inc., or Boulder, and Immunetics, we gained access to additional patents that we believe may assist us todevelop future diagnostic tests in the infectious disease or transplant fields. We have licensed certain patents related to the detection of antibody-secreting B cellsspecific for HLA and to the PCR and IFA tests performed at our Massachusetts laboratory. We also acquired a patent application relating to additional TB antigens.The expected expiration dates of the licensed patents range from October 2017 to May 2032. We can give no assurance that any of our current or future researchand development programs will result in the development and validation of any diagnostic test that leverages any of these patents or patent applications orotherwise. Our license and assignment agreements We currently rely upon several license agreements to obtain rights under certain patents that we believe may be necessary to make, use and sell our products. Wemay in the future rely, at least in part, upon licensing agreements with third parties to obtain patent rights and transfers of technology, information and know-how toenable us to take advantage of research work already completed, including potentially the identification of antigens useful for measuring disease conditions. Webelieve such licensing arrangements have enabled us, and may in the future enable us, to reduce the amount of time we need to develop and validate new diagnostictests. We have royalty obligations under some of our current license agreements that are measured in part based upon our sales levels. Where our royalty obligations arecalculated on our net sales, the definition of net sales varies by agreement and typically results in a lower effective royalty rate on our service revenue than on salesof our kits. Currently, our aggregate royalty burden for our T-SPOT. TB test under all license and assignment agreements, as a percentage of gross product andservice revenue, is in the low double digits. Our royalty burden for our T-SPOT. CMV test under all license agreements, as a percentage of gross product andservice revenue, is in the low single digits. Under our license agreements, we may be responsible for paying, or contributing to, patent prosecution and maintenancecosts or subject to diligence obligations. We believe we are in compliance with all obligations of our license agreements. 8Table of Contents Tuberculosis related patents In 2013, we entered into an assignment agreement with Isis Innovation Limited, now known as Oxford University Innovation Ltd., or Oxford Innovation, pursuantto which various patents we previously licensed from Oxford Innovation were assigned to us. We have ongoing obligations under the assignment agreement tomake payments to Oxford Innovation until the patents expire and to continue to extend license rights to Oxford University, its employees, students, agents andappointees to use the technology for academic and research purposes. Our rights under the patents are subject to various grants of license rights, including (i) alicense back to Oxford Innovation to maintain a pre-existing license for research use only, (ii) a pre-existing grant to a third party of non-exclusive rights under thepatents covering a field of two infectious diseases, (iii) a pre-existing grant to a third party of non-exclusive rights under the patents limited to the licensee’sinternal use to monitor vaccine response, and (iv) a pre-existing grant to a third party of non-exclusive rights under some of the patents with the right to sublicense,limited to use with ESAT-6 and CFP10 antigens, and excluding use of the ELISPOT technique for diagnosis and monitoring of TB infection, disease or therapy.We do not believe this third party has granted any sublicense rights as of December 31, 2016. The amount we pay to Oxford Innovation for our royalty obligation is equal to a royalty rate in the low single digits and we expect this rate to be reduced forcertain of our sales after the expiration of certain specified patents, which we believe will be in late 2017. Our aggregate royalty obligation payments to OxfordInnovation through December 31, 2016 have been $2.3 million. Our royalty obligations to Oxford Innovation will cease when there are no valid patent claims stillin force. We also have a license from Statens Serum Institut, or SSI, for use of certain antigens. The license was originally entered into in 2003 and then amended in 2009.Pursuant to the license, SSI granted us an exclusive, worldwide, royalty-bearing license with the right to sublicense, to certain patents to use certain antigens in adiagnostic kit for in vitro diagnosis of TB in humans using an ELISPOT-based detection of interferon-gamma producing T cells using any fluid sample other thanwhole blood in the diagnostic assay. The last of the patents upon which we rely expired in 2016. We have not granted any sublicenses under this license. The license contains minimum royalty obligations, but the amount of royalties due on actual sales has exceeded the minimum royalties for a number of years. Wepay royalties in the Euro currency at a rate in the low double digits. Our license agreement expires, unless earlier terminated, five years after the expiration of thelast to expire of individual licensed patents listed as part of the agreement at the effective date in 2003. The royalty obligations on sales of products that rely uponproprietary antigens covered by the license may continue after the expiration date of licensed patents for a period of four years at a single digit royalty rate. Ouraggregate payments to SSI through December 31, 2016 for milestones and royalties, including minimum royalties, have been $17.2 million. Finally, our license agreement with Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, or Rutgers, grants us an exclusive license to certain patents to manufacture andcommercialize kits for in vitro diagnostic assays relating to TB other than in the ELISA format. The license was made in 2006 and has been amended in 2009,2011, 2012 and 2013. Our license is royalty-bearing, worldwide, with the right to sublicense. We have not granted any sublicenses under this license. Rutgers hasreserved the right to grant one additional license to this technology, limited to an ELISA format. To date, we do not believe Rutgers has entered into any suchlicense. We must make semi-annual royalty payments to Rutgers. Although the agreement contains minimum royalty obligations, the amount of royalties due based on ouractual sales utilizing the licensed patents has exceeded the minimum for a number of years and we expect our royalties on actual sales will continue to exceed theminimum for the duration of our royalty obligations. We pay a royalty rate in the low single digits. Our aggregate payments to Rutgers through December 31, 2016for signing fees, annual fees, milestones and royalties, including minimum royalties, have been $4.8 million. Our royalty rate may be reduced, depending on theoutcome of an European Patent Office, or EPO, opposition appeal and could also be reduced if Rutgers grants another license to the technology covering an ELISAformat. See “Risk factors—Risks related to our intellectual property.” Our royalty obligations to Rutgers will cease when there are no valid patent claims still inforce covering licensed products or assays. Previously, we made a number of other payments to Rutgers for license issue fees, annual license fees and milestonepayments. No such future payments are required under the license. Tick-borne disease related patents We license patents relating to our tick-borne disease products from Roche Molecular Systems, Inc., or Roche, Life Technologies Corporation, or LifeTechnologies, and Tulane University, or Tulane. The licenses from Roche and Life Technologies pertain to patents covering aspects of the PCR and IFA testmethods, respectively, used at our Massachusetts laboratory. Both are fully paid up licenses with no ongoing royalty obligations. The patents that are the subject ofthe licenses expire in 2018. Our C6 Lyme ELISA kit incorporates the VIsE protein and C6 peptide, the most immunodominant portion of the VIsE protein. The protein is the subject of apatent held by Tulane. The license from Tulane grants us the exclusive right to use the C6 peptide in a diagnostic test for Lyme disease in humans. The license fromTulane has a royalty rate in the single digits and expires in 2019. Trademarks and other protection The trademarks we employ in our business include T-SPOT, T-Cell Xtend , Oxford Diagnostic Laboratories, ODL, the Oxford Immunotec logo, our laboratorylogo, the Imugen logo and the word Immunetics. We have obtained registrations in the United States for T-SPOT, T-Cell Xtend , Oxford Diagnostic Laboratories,the Oxford Immunotec logo and the Imugen logo and the word Immunetics. We have also obtained or are seeking registrations for certain of these trademarks inother jurisdictions, including the United Kingdom, the European Community, Japan and China. We have also secured numerous internet domain nameregistrations. We have a policy of requiring all our employees to sign agreements that obligate them to maintain in confidence all confidential information they receive during thecourse of their employment, except in certain circumstances. Substantially all of our employees are also bound by invention assignment obligations, which providethat rights to all inventions and other types of intellectual property, whether or not patentable, conceived by them during the course of employment are assigned tous. We seek to enter into similar confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our consultants. 9Table of Contents Our proprietary processes There are several areas in which we have developed proprietary approaches to manufacturing that we believe provide a competitive advantage not only with respectto our T-SPOT. TB test, but also for the other tests we perform at our laboratories. It is essential to the performance of ELISPOT tests used to detect the release ofinterferon-gamma from stimulated T cells that the microtiter plates used in the test be smoothly coated with the proper amount of interferon-gamma antibodies. Forvolume manufacturing, these coated plates must also meet stringent shelf life requirements. Our plate-coating process meets these criteria and cost-effectivelyprovides reliable results. We have also developed a proprietary approach to conducting conformance testing and validation as part of our quality control processes.We believe this approach results in significant cost savings for us without sacrificing our compliance with either good manufacturing practices or our own highstandards. As part of our test offerings, we use proprietary formulations of peptides and other reagents that we believe are important to the accuracy of our tests. Further, wehave devoted substantial time and resources to the development of processes and techniques that have resulted in cost reductions in our test manufacture and inassay performance in our service laboratories. In our ODL facilities, we have streamlined the workflow process in our laboratories to allow for rapid throughput,which reduces labor costs and reduces the time we take to provide test results to our customers. In addition, we have developed and validated automated solutionsfor the assay process, including proprietary protocols for maximizing efficiencies garnered from the automation equipment. These methods are useful in our currenttest offerings, and will be applicable to future tests we may develop using our T-SPOT technology and other platforms. We believe the manufacturing process andassay performance efficiencies we have developed and employ could not easily or quickly be developed by others. Manufacturing and laboratory facilities Our tests are generally manufactured by us from materials we obtain from a limited number of suppliers. We manufacture our T-SPOT. TB test at our U.K.corporate headquarters in Abingdon, England, where we currently lease approximately 2,800 square feet of manufacturing space. The lease covering this spaceexpires in 2019 and our current rent for the manufacturing space is $103,000 annually, which is subject to change. Our manufacturing facility is certified to ISO13485 and ISO 9001. Our space in Abingdon also includes 6,400 square feet of storage/warehouse space. The lease covering this space expires in 2025 and ourcurrent rent for the storage/warehouse space is $72,000 annually, which is subject to change. We operate three diagnostic testing laboratories, two in the United States and one in the United Kingdom, where we process samples sent to us by our customerswho choose the service format of our product offering. Our U.S. laboratory facility, located in Memphis, Tennessee performs our T-SPOT. TB test and developsand performs our T-SPOT. CMV and T-SPOT. PRT tests. Our current lease for the Tennessee laboratory facility covers approximately 35,000 square feet of spaceand expires in 2021. Our current rent under this lease is $150,000 annually and is subject to annual increases. Our second U.S. laboratory is located in Norwood,Massachusetts and performs our tick-borne disease tests. Our current lease for the Norwood laboratory facility covers approximately 22,000 square feet of spaceand expires in 2021. Our current rent for the Norwood laboratory is $412,000 annually and is subject to annual increases. We also currently lease approximately14,000 square feet in Boston, Massachusetts, which includes a clinical and research laboratory directed to the development and testing of the products acquiredfrom Immunetics. The lease for the Boston facility expires in July 2018. Current rent under this lease is $263,000 annually. Our U.K. laboratory is located in Abingdon, England, where we currently lease approximately 2,100 square feet of space, which includes 1,050 square feet for thediagnostic testing laboratory. The remaining 1,050 square feet is used for research and development and quality control. The lease on this space expires in 2019 andour current rent for the total U.K. laboratory space is $83,000 annually, which is subject to change. Key supplier relationships We use a broad range of materials in the manufacture and performance of our diagnostic tests. We purchase all raw materials used in our tests from externalsuppliers. We purchase some materials from single sources for reasons of quality assurance, sole source availability, cost effectiveness or constraints resulting fromregulatory requirements. We work closely with our suppliers to assure continuity of supply while maintaining high quality and reliability. To date, we have notexperienced any significant difficulty in locating and obtaining the materials necessary to fulfill our production schedules. Because we believe that the onlymaterial supply relationships we have are those that pertain to our T-SPOT. TB test, we summarize these relationships below. Mabtech AB. We entered into a purchase agreement with Mabtech AB, or Mabtech, in 2010, which was amended in 2013. Pursuant to this agreement, Mabtechsupplies the antibodies used to coat the membrane plates and for the detection procedure in our tests. We provide rolling forecasts of our anticipated purchases andportions of those forecasts become binding orders. We receive pricing discounts based on the volume of our purchases. We have agreed to purchase theseantibodies exclusively from Mabtech, although our exclusivity obligations may cease in the event Mabtech raises prices by more than a certain percentage over adefined period of time and declines to match a competitive third-party quotation for the antibodies. 10Table of Contents The purchase agreement expires, unless earlier terminated, on December 31, 2018. Either party may terminate by providing written notice to the other in the eventof a material uncured breach by the other party, a liquidation, insolvency, or bankruptcy proceeding involving the other party or cessation in trading by the otherparty. EMD Millipore Corporation. We entered into a supply agreement with EMD Millipore Corporation, or Millipore, in 2009, which was amended in 2013 and 2014.Pursuant to this agreement, Millipore supplies us with the membrane plates used in tests incorporating our T-SPOT technology. We provide rolling forecasts of ouranticipated purchases and portions of those forecasts become binding orders. We receive pricing discounts based on the size of our orders. The agreement expires,unless earlier terminated, on December 31, 2018. Each party has the right to terminate in the event of a material uncured default by the other party. MicroCoat Biotechnologie GmbH. Pursuant to our 2010 supply agreement with MicroCoat Biotechnologie GmbH, or MicroCoat, which was amended in 2016,MicroCoat performs antibody coating on membrane plates using plates and antibodies we supply. Under the supply agreement, we provide rolling forecasts of ouranticipated purchases and portions of those forecasts become binding orders. We receive pricing discounts based on the size of our orders. These antibody-coatedplates are a component of tests using our T-SPOT technology. The current term of the agreement expires, unless earlier terminated, on December 31, 2017, subject to automatic renewals for additional one-year periods in theabsence of specified notice by either party. Each party has the right to terminate in the event of a material uncured breach by the other party, or in the event of abankruptcy or insolvency proceeding involving the other party. StemCell Technologies, Inc. We entered into a supply agreement with StemCell Technologies, Inc., or StemCell, in 2008, which was amended in 2011. Pursuant tothis agreement, StemCell supplies us with a product that can be used with tests using our T-SPOT technology. We have the exclusive right to market this product for use in association with ELISPOT tests to detect and/or quantify T-cells for use in the in vitro diagnosis,prognosis and/or clinical monitoring of infectious diseases, including tuberculosis, and non-infectious diseases and medical conditions, except our rights in Chinaand India are non-exclusive. StemCell retains the right to sell this product for use in other applications and in our non-exclusive territories. We are obligated to usecommercially reasonable efforts to promote sales of the product for the applications to which we have exclusive rights. We paid a signing fee in the amount of $0.1 million and milestone payments in the aggregate amount of $0.2 million. We are not obligated to make additionalmilestone payments. We are obligated to pay an annual exclusivity fee during the term of the agreement, creditable against certain future purchases. The aggregateamount of exclusivity fees due under the agreement is, absent early termination, $1.8 million. Our product purchases exceeded the amount of the exclusivity fee in2016. We receive pricing discounts based on our quarterly orders. We have also agreed to make StemCell our supplier of choice for certain types of products,subject to performance obligations of StemCell, and we are generally obligated to acquire all of our requirements for such products from StemCell. The agreement expires, unless earlier terminated, on January 30, 2018, but will continue indefinitely thereafter in the absence of specified notice by either party.Each party may terminate for material uncured breach, the insolvency or bankruptcy of the other party or the cessation of trading by or dissolution of the otherparty. If we terminate the agreement for other reasons prior to January 30, 2018, we may be obligated to pay a termination fee of up to $0.5 million to the extentthat we have not previously made other payments for the signing fee, milestone payments and actual product purchases in excess of this amount. Based on ourpayments to date, we do not expect to incur any termination fee if we terminate the agreement. Life Technologies Corporation . We entered into a supply and reseller agreement with Life Technologies Corporation, or Life Tech, in 2013, amended in 2014 andagain in 2016, pursuant to which we purchase and resell a product that can be used in performing assays using our T-SPOT technology. We have minimum annualpurchase obligations under this agreement, as well as obligations to purchase certain amounts based on our forecasts. The agreement expires, unless earlierterminated, on December 31, 2018. Either party may terminate for a material uncured breach, the insolvency or bankruptcy of the other party, if one of our twelve-month forecasts does not reflect any anticipated purchases of product or if we purchase no product during a consecutive twelve-month period. Key customer relationships Given the diversity of our product and service offerings, our customers include large hospital systems, public and private institutions such as universities, publichealth departments and physician groups. Our customer relationships also include our distributors outside of the U.S. We believe our relationships with two of thedistributors of our T-SPOT. TB test are key customer relationships. Shanghai Fosun Long March Medical Science Co. Ltd. We have a distribution agreement with Shanghai Fosun Long March Medical Science Co. Ltd., or Fosun,pursuant to which Fosun distributes our TB-related products in China. Under the distribution agreement, Fosun serves as our exclusive distributor in a territoryconsisting of the People’s Republic of China, including Macau Special Administrative Regions, and also serves as our non-exclusive distributor in Hong Kong.Fosun commits to using its best efforts to promote, sell and distribute our products in the territory in compliance with our policies and procedures and applicablelaw. The agreement imposes certain annual minimum purchase obligations at agreed upon pricing and covers our products, as well as other accessories which maybe used in conjunction with our products. Fosun is obligated to refrain from dealing in any products in the territory which would be competitive with ours through aperiod extending 12 months after the termination of the agreement. 11Table of Contents The agreement expires on January 1, 2021. Either party may terminate the agreement for a material uncured breach or in the event of bankruptcy or an equivalentwinding up of the other party’s business. We may terminate the agreement if Fosun does not meet the minimum purchase requirements, for late payment or ifFosun undergoes a change in control. In November 2016, we amended the distribution agreement to provide a certain quantity of T-SPOT. TB test kits at no chargefor use in Fosun’s discount programs in 2016, subject to Fosun’s achievement of minimum purchase quantities. Riken Genesis Co., Ltd. We sell our T-SPOT. TB test to a Japanese importer, Riken Genesis Co., Ltd., or Riken, which also serves as our marketing authorizationholder in Japan, a position required by Japanese regulatory authorities. We entered into a marketing authorization holder agreement with Riken in 2011 and it wasamended in 2013 and 2016. Pursuant to this agreement, Riken provides services for importation into Japan. We initially paid an initiation fee to Riken in theamount of ¥200,000, or approximately $1,600. We currently pay Riken a flat monthly fee in the amount of ¥150,000, or approximately $1,300, and also pay asingle-digit percentage commission based on the prices at which end users purchase our products. The initial agreement with Riken had a one-year term andautomatically renews for additional one-year periods in the absence of specified notice by either party. Either party may terminate for a material uncured breach orin the event of bankruptcy, insolvency or similar proceedings of the other party. Government regulation Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act In the United States, in vitro diagnostics, or IVDs, are regulated by the FDA as either medical devices or biological products under the Federal Food, Drug, andCosmetic Act, or FDCA, depending on their intended use. IVDs that are used as diagnostics are regulated as medical devices. IVDs that are used to screen donorblood are regulated as biological products, which have two different regulatory pathways. Marketing pathways There are two regulatory pathways to receive authorization to market IVDs intended for diagnostic purposes: a premarket application, or PMA, and a 510(k)premarket notification. The regulatory pathway to receive authorization to market an IVD intended for blood screening is by a Biologics License Application, orBLA. The FDCA establishes a risk-based standard for determination of the pathway for which a particular IVD device is eligible. The information that must be submitted to the FDA to obtain clearance or approval to market a new medical device varies depending on how the medical device isclassified by the FDA. Medical devices are classified into one of three classes on the basis of the controls necessary to reasonably ensure their safety andeffectiveness. Class I devices are subject to general controls, including labeling and adherence to the FDA’s quality system regulation, which establishes device-specific good manufacturing practices. Class II devices are subject to general controls and special controls, including performance standards and post-marketsurveillance. Class III devices are subject to these requirements as well as to premarket approval. Most Class I devices are exempt from premarket submissions tothe FDA; most Class II devices require the submission of a 510(k) premarket notification to the FDA; and Class III devices require submission of a PMAapplication. Our T-SPOT. TB test is a Class III device and our C6 Lyme ELISA kit is a Class II device. We have other Class II devices that have received 510(k)clearance from FDA that we acquired through our acquisition of Immunetics. Premarket approval. The PMA process, by which we received marketing authorization for our T-SPOT. TB test in 2008, is complex, costly and time consuming. APMA application must be supported by detailed and comprehensive scientific evidence, including clinical data, to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of themedical device for its intended purpose. If the device is determined to present a “significant risk,” the sponsor may not begin a clinical trial until it submits aninvestigational device exemption, or IDE, to the FDA and obtains approval from the FDA to begin the trial. After the PMA application is submitted, the FDA has45 days to make a threshold determination that the application is sufficiently complete to permit a substantive review. If the application is complete, the FDA willaccept it for filing. The FDA is subject to a non-binding performance goal review time for a PMA application of 180 days from the date of filing, although inpractice this review time is often longer. Questions from the FDA, requests for additional data and referrals to advisory committees may delay the processconsiderably. Indeed, the total process may take several years and there is no guarantee that the PMA application will ever be approved. Even if approved, the FDAmay limit the indications for which the device may be marketed. The FDA may also request additional clinical data as a condition of approval or after the PMA isissued. Any changes to the medical device may require a supplemental PMA application to be submitted and approved. Since we received initial PMA applicationapproval of our T-SPOT. TB test in 2008, the FDA has granted approval for ten supplemental PMA applications for our T-SPOT. TB test, including supplementsrelating to the use of our T-Cell Xtend reagent with our T-SPOT. TB test. 510(k) Clearance. Our C6 Lyme ELISA kit has obtained 510(k) clearance from FDA. A traditional 510(k) submission requires demonstration of substantialequivalence to a previous legally marketed device that was not subject to PMA. If a substantial equivalence cannot be demonstrated and the test is of low tomoderate risk, the FDA may allow a de novo 510(k) submission. Submission of either a traditional or de novo 510(k) notification is subject to a 90-day FDA reviewperiod. Questions from the FDA, requests for additional data and referrals to advisory committees may delay the process considerably and the FDA may ultimatelylimit the indications for which the device may be marketed. Marketing of an IVD medical device may begin as soon as FDA clearance is granted. 12Table of Contents Biological License Application. The BLA process is similar to a PMA in that it must be supported by detailed and comprehensive scientific evidence, includingclinical data to demonstrate the safety and efficacy of the biological product for its intended use in donor blood screening. Blood screening assay developmentfollows the same general pathway followed for drugs and vaccines. Before an application is submitted, an Investigational New Drug application (IND) must besubmitted and completed. The IND describes the biological product, its method of manufacture, and quality control tests for release, as well the comprehensiveclinical trial protocols. We currently have three BLAs in review with FDA. FDA Guidance on L aboratory D eveloped T est s . The FDA has historically exercised enforcement discretion over the regulation of Laboratory Developed Tests,or LDTs. In October 2014, the FDA issued draft guidance for the oversight of LDTs that included notification and medical device reporting. Under the draftguidance, the FDA sought to classify LDTs as high, medium or low risk tests, which would then dictate the regulatory route to be followed for each test. InNovember 2016, the FDA announced that it would not finalize its guidance during 2016. It is uncertain whether the guidance in its current form will be finalized orif, and when, alternate guidance may be issued by the agency. Post-marketing regulations and controls Under the medical device and biological products regulations, the FDA regulates quality control and manufacturing procedures by requiring us to demonstrate andmaintain compliance with the quality system regulation, which sets forth the FDA’s current good manufacturing practices requirements for medical devices andbiological products. The FDA monitors compliance with the quality system regulation and current good manufacturing practices requirements by conductingperiodic inspections of manufacturing facilities. FDA inspections in the United States are typically unannounced. FDA inspections outside the United States arecoordinated with the companies being inspected. Violations of applicable regulations noted by the FDA during inspections of our manufacturing facilities couldadversely affect the continued marketing of our tests. The FDA also enforces post-marketing controls that include the requirement to submit product reports to the agency when a manufacturer becomes aware ofinformation suggesting that any of its marketed products may have caused or contributed to a death, serious injury or serious illness or any of its products hasmalfunctioned and that a recurrence of a malfunction would likely cause or contribute to a death or serious injury or illness. The FDA relies on product reports toidentify product problems and utilizes these reports to determine, among other things, whether it should exercise its enforcement powers. The FDA also enforcesthe requirement that manufacturers submit reports of recalls and field actions to the FDA if the actions are initiated to reduce a risk to health posed by the device orto remedy a violation of the FDCA that may present a risk to health. The FDA may also require post-market surveillance studies for specified devices. FDA regulations also govern, among other things, the preclinical and clinical testing, manufacture, distribution, labeling and promotion of medical devices andbiological products. In addition to compliance with good manufacturing practices and product reporting requirements, we are required to comply with the FDCA’sgeneral controls, including establishment registration, device listing and labeling requirements. If we fail to comply with any requirements under the FDCA, wecould be subject to, among other things, fines, injunctions, civil penalties, recalls or product corrections, total or partial suspension of production, denial ofpremarket notification clearance or approval of products, rescission or withdrawal of clearances and approvals, and criminal prosecution. We cannot assure you thatany final FDA policy, once issued, or future laws and regulations concerning the manufacture or marketing of medical devices will not increase the cost and time tomarket of new or existing tests. If we fail to comply with these FDA regulations or guidelines, we may be subject to warnings from, or enforcement action by, theFDA. International medical device regulations International marketing of medical devices is subject to foreign government regulations, which vary substantially from country to country. The EuropeanCommission is the legislative body responsible for directives with which manufacturers selling medical products in the European Union and the EuropeanEconomic Area, or EEA, must comply. The European Union includes most of the major countries in Europe, while other countries, such as Switzerland, are part ofthe EEA and have voluntarily adopted laws and regulations that mirror those of the European Union with respect to medical devices. The European Union hasadopted directives that address regulation of the design, manufacture, labeling, clinical studies and post-market vigilance for medical devices, including IVDs.Devices that comply with the requirements of a relevant directive, including the IVD Directive (Directive 98/79 EC), will be entitled to bear the CE conformitymarking, indicating that the device conforms to the essential requirements of the applicable directives and, accordingly, can be marketed throughout the EuropeanUnion and EEA. Outside of the European Union, regulatory pathways for the marketing of medical devices vary greatly from country to country. In many countries, local regulatoryagencies conduct an independent review of IVD medical devices prior to granting marketing approval. For example, in China, approval by the CFDA, must beobtained prior to marketing an IVD medical device. In Japan, approval by the MHLW following review by the Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices Agency, orthe PMDA is required prior to marketing an IVD. The process in such countries may be lengthy and require the expenditure of significant resources, including theconduct of clinical trials. In other countries, the regulatory pathway may be shorter and/or less costly. The timeline for the introduction of new IVD medical devicesis heavily impacted by these various regulations on a country-by-country basis, which may become more lengthy and costly over time. 13Table of Contents Our T-SPOT. TB test has been approved for sale in over 50 countries, including in Europe, China, and Japan. Our T-SPOT. TB test obtained a CE mark in 2004,CFDA approval in China in 2010 and re-registration in 2014, and MHLW approval in Japan in 2012. Our T-SPOT. CMV and T-SPOT. PRT tests obtained CEmarks in 2015 and our C6 Lyme ELISA kit obtained a CE mark in 2011. Laboratory certification, accreditation and licensing As a company engaged in the diagnostic testing business, we are required to maintain certain federal and state licenses, certificates and permits. United States . In the United States, CLIA imposes requirements relating to test processes, personnel qualifications, facilities and equipment, record keeping,quality assurance and participation in proficiency testing, which involves comparing the results of tests on specimens that have been specifically prepared for ourlaboratory to the known results of the specimens. The CLIA requirements also apply as a condition for participation by clinical laboratories under the Medicareprogram. Under the CLIA regulations, the complexity of the tests performed determines the level of regulatory control. United States Department of Health andHuman Services, or HHS, classifies our T-SPOT tests and our tests directed to tick-borne diseases as high-complexity tests. As a result, we must employ moreexperienced and highly educated personnel, as well as additional categories of employees. HHS, or an organization to which HHS delegates authority, verifies compliance with CLIA standards through periodic on-site inspections. Sanctions for failure tomeet these certification, accreditation and licensure requirements include suspension or revocation of the certification, accreditation or license, as well asimposition of plans to correct deficiencies, injunctive actions and civil and criminal penalties. If HHS should remove or suspend our CLIA certificates, we wouldbe forced to cease performing testing at our U.S. laboratories in Memphis, Tennessee or Norwood, Massachusetts. Our U.S. laboratories are also accredited by CAP. The CAP Laboratory Accreditation Program is an internationally recognized program that utilizes teams ofpracticing laboratory professionals as inspectors, and accreditation by CAP can often be used to meet CLIA and state certification requirements. Additionally, a fewstates require out-of-state laboratories to obtain a license prior to performing testing on samples originating from such states and to take certain notice or approvalsteps in connection with the performance by such laboratories of additional tests. The failure to maintain such licenses or approvals would force us to ceaseperforming the applicable tests on samples originating from such a state. United Kingdom . Our laboratory located in the United Kingdom operates under accreditation by the United Kingdom Accreditation Service, or UKAS, for theInternational Standard: ISO 17025:2005 (General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories). Compliance with this standard isrequired to maintain accreditation and the continued use of the UKAS logo on our laboratory documentation. National Health Service (NHS)-based customersrequire that the testing services they procure operate to an accredited quality management system, which is evidenced by the UKAS accreditation. Therefore, afailure to maintain this accreditation could cause us to lose a substantial majority of our U.K. service business. HIPAA and other privacy laws U.S. Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act, or HIPAA, established for the first time in the United States comprehensive protection for the privacyand security of health information. The HIPAA standards apply to three types of organizations, or Covered Entities: health plans, healthcare clearing houses, andhealthcare providers that conduct certain healthcare transactions electronically. Covered Entities and their Business Associates, as defined in HIPAA, must have inplace administrative, physical, and technical standards to guard against the misuse of individually identifiable health information. Because we are a healthcareprovider and we conduct certain healthcare transactions electronically, we are currently a Covered Entity, and we must have in place the administrative, physical,and technical safeguards required by HIPAA, the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act, or HITECH, and their implementingregulations. Additionally, some state laws impose privacy protections more stringent than HIPAA. We may conduct other activities that may implicate HIPAA,such as conducting clinical studies or entering into specific kinds of relationships with a Covered Entity or a Business Associate of a Covered Entity. If we or our operations are found to be in violation of HIPAA, HITECH or their implementing regulations, we may be subject to penalties, including civil andcriminal penalties, fines, and exclusion from participation in U.S. federal or state health care programs, and the curtailment or restructuring of our operations.HITECH increased the civil and criminal penalties that may be imposed against Covered Entities, their Business Associates and possibly other persons, and gavestate attorneys general new authority to file civil actions for damages or injunctions in federal courts to enforce the federal HIPAA laws and seek attorney’s feesand costs associated with pursuing federal civil actions. Our activities must also comply with other applicable privacy laws. For example, there are also international privacy laws that impose restrictions on the access,use, and disclosure of health information. All of these laws may impact our business. Our failure to comply with these privacy laws or significant changes in thelaws could significantly impact our business and our future plans. 14Table of Contents U.S. federal and state billing and fraud and abuse laws Although only about 15% of our U.S. diagnostics business currently involves payment by third-party payors, including government payors, we are subject tonumerous laws governing billing for health care services. Antifraud laws / overpayments . As participants in federal and state healthcare programs, we are subject to numerous federal and state anti-fraud and abuse laws.Prohibitions under some of these laws include: ●the submission of false claims or false information to government programs; ●deceptive or fraudulent conduct; ●excessive or unnecessary services or services at excessive prices; and ●defrauding private sector health insurers. We could be subject to substantial penalties for violations of these laws, including denial of payment, obligation to issue refunds, suspension of payments fromMedicare, Medicaid or other federal healthcare programs and exclusion from participation in the federal healthcare programs, as well as civil and criminal penaltiesand imprisonment. One of these statutes, the False Claims Act, is a key enforcement tool used by the government to combat healthcare fraud. Numerous federal and state agencies enforce anti-fraud and abuse laws. In addition, private insurers may bring private actions. In some circumstances, privatewhistleblowers are authorized to bring fraud suits on behalf of the government against providers and are entitled to receive a portion of any final recovery. U.S. federal and state “anti-kickback” and “self-referral” restrictions Anti-kickback statute . The federal Anti-Kickback Statute prohibits persons from knowingly and willfully soliciting, receiving, offering or paying remuneration,directly or indirectly, to induce either the referral of an individual, or the furnishing, recommending, or arranging for a good or service, for which payment may bemade under a federal healthcare program, such as the Medicare and Medicaid programs. The term “remuneration” is not defined in the federal Anti-KickbackStatute and has been broadly interpreted to include anything of value, including for example, gifts, discounts, the furnishing of supplies or equipment, creditarrangements, payments of cash, waivers of payment, ownership interests and providing anything at less than its fair market value. Many states have also adopted laws similar to the federal Anti-Kickback Statute, some of which apply to the referral of patients for healthcare items or servicesreimbursed by any source, not only the Medicare and Medicaid programs, and do not contain identical safe harbors. If we or our operations are found to be in violation of any of the laws described above or any other governmental regulations that apply to us, we may be subject topenalties, including civil and criminal penalties, damages, fines, exclusion from participation in U.S. federal or state health care programs, and the curtailment orrestructuring of our operations. We may also be subject to similar foreign laws and regulations. Self-referral law . We are subject to a federal “self-referral” law, commonly referred to as the “Stark” law, which provides, unless a specific exception applies, thatphysicians who, personally or through a family member, have ownership interests in or compensation arrangements with a laboratory are prohibited from making areferral to that laboratory for laboratory tests reimbursable by Medicare, and also prohibits laboratories from submitting a claim for Medicare payments forlaboratory tests referred by physicians who, personally or through a family member, have ownership interests in or compensation arrangements with the testinglaboratory. We are subject to comparable state laws, some of which apply to all payors regardless of source of payment, and do not contain identical exceptions to the Starklaw. The self-referral laws may cause some physicians who would otherwise use our laboratory to use other laboratories for their testing. Providers are subject tosanctions for claims submitted for each service that is furnished based on a referral prohibited under the federal self-referral laws. These sanctions include denial ofpayment, obligation to issue refunds, civil monetary payments and exclusion from participation in federal healthcare programs and civil monetary penalties. Theymay also include penalties for applicable violations of the False Claims Act, which may require payment of up to three times the actual damages sustained by thegovernment, plus civil penalties of up to $10,781 to $21,563 for each separate false claim. U.S. health care reform In March 2010, the PPACA was enacted, which includes measures that have or will significantly change the way healthcare is financed by both governmental andprivate insurers. However, potential changes to the PPACA may result from the 2016 U.S. elections. The Physician Payment Sunshine Act, enacted as part ofPPACA, and its implementing regulations require medical device manufacturers to track certain financial arrangements with physicians and teaching hospitals,including any “transfer of value” made or distributed to such entities, as well as any investment interests held by physicians and their immediate family members.Manufacturers are required to report this information to CMS. Various states have also implemented regulations prohibiting certain financial interactions withhealthcare professionals and/or mandating public disclosure of such financial interactions. We may incur significant costs to comply with such laws and regulationsnow or in the future. 15Table of Contents Other laws We are also subject to numerous U.S. federal, state and local laws as well as international laws relating to such matters as safe working conditions, manufacturingpractices, environmental protection, fire hazard control, and transportation and disposal of blood and hazardous or potentially hazardous substances. We may incursignificant costs to comply with such laws and regulations now or in the future. Employees As of December 31, 2016, we had 432 employees. None of our employees is represented by a labor union. However, we have one employee in Belgium coveredunder a collective bargaining agreement. We have not experienced any work stoppages and we believe our employee relations are good. Environmental matters Our operations require the use of hazardous materials, which, among other matters, subjects us to a variety of federal, state, local and foreign environmental, healthand safety laws, regulations and permitting requirements, including those relating to the handling, storage, transportation and disposal of biological and hazardousmaterials and wastes. The primary hazardous materials we handle or use include human blood samples and solvents. Some of the regulations under the currentregulatory structure provide for strict liability, holding a party liable for contamination at currently and formerly owned, leased and operated sites and at third-partysites without regard to fault or negligence. We could be held liable for damages and fines as a result of our, or others’, operations or activities should contaminationof the environment or individual exposure to hazardous substances occur. We could also be subject to significant fines for failure to comply with applicableenvironmental, health and safety requirements. We cannot predict how changes in laws or development of new regulations will affect our business operations or thecost of compliance. Available Information Access to our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current Reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to these reports filed with orfurnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, may be obtained through the investor section of our website at www.oxfordimmunotec.com as soonas reasonably practical after we electronically file or furnish these reports. We do not charge for access to and viewing of these reports. Information in the investorsection and on our website is not part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K or any of our other securities filings unless specifically incorporated herein by reference.In addition, the public may read and copy any materials that we file with the SEC at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C.20549. The public may obtain information on the operation of the Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. Also, our filings with the SECmay be accessed through the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov. All statements made in any of our securities filings, including all forward-looking statements orinformation, are made as of the date of the document in which the statement is included, and we do not assume or undertake any obligation to update any of thosestatements or documents unless we are required to do so by law. Corporate information Oxford Immunotec Global PLC was incorporated in England and Wales in 2013. Our principal executive offices are located at 94C Innovation Drive, Milton Park,Abingdon, OX14 4RZ, United Kingdom, and our telephone number is +44 (0) 1235 442 780. Our internet website is www.oxfordimmunotec.com. The informationon, or that can be accessed through, our website is not part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Item 1A. Risk Factors Risks related to our business. We have a history of losses and anticipate that we will incur continued losses for at least the next few years. We cannot be certain that we will achieve orsustain profitability. We have a history of losses and may continue to incur operating and net losses for the foreseeable future. For the fiscal years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and2014, we had net losses of $22.3 million, $24.5 million and $22.2 million, respectively, and we had an accumulated deficit at December 31, 2016 of $168.7 million.Substantially all of our operating losses in these periods resulted from costs incurred in connection with sales and marketing of our T-SPOT. TB test, general andadministrative costs associated with our operations and our research and development programs. Even though we generate revenue from our T-SPOT. TB test, weanticipate that our operating losses will continue for the next few years as we continue to invest to grow our customer base and invest in research and developmentto expand our product portfolio. Because of the numerous risks and uncertainties associated with developing and commercializing diagnostic products, we areunable to predict the magnitude of these future losses. Our historic losses, combined with expected future losses, have had and will continue to have an adverseeffect on our cash resources, shareholders’ deficit and working capital. We expect our research and development expenses to be substantial for at least the next fewyears as we work to develop other product candidates based on our T-SPOT technology. 16Table of Contents We have not achieved profitability and our ability to become profitable depends upon our ability to generate revenue. In 2004, we began to generate revenue fromthe sale and marketing of our T-SPOT. TB test, but we may not be able to generate sufficient revenue to attain profitability. Our ability to generate profits on salesof our T-SPOT. TB test is subject to market acceptance in market segments we currently serve, as well as in new market segments and new geographies, and ourability to obtain regulatory body clearance to market any of our products. In addition, we may be compelled to sell our T-SPOT. TB test at lower prices if, forexample, our customers or prospective customers are unwilling to pay for our tests at current pricing levels or as a result of increased competition generally. Anyprice erosion would impede our ability to generate revenue. If we are unable to generate sufficient revenue, we will not become profitable and may be unable tocontinue operations without continued funding. We may require substantial additional capital resources to fund our operations. We may not be able to obtain additional capital resources on favorable termsand if we cannot find additional capital resources, we may have difficulty operating our business. Raising additional capital may also cause dilution to ourexisting shareholders. As of December 31, 2016, we had cash and cash equivalents of $59.1 million and working capital (total current assets less total current liabilities) of $63.7 million.While we anticipate that our current cash, cash equivalents and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to meet our projected operating plans for at leastthe next 12 months, we may require additional funds, either through additional equity or debt financings, strategic collaboration agreements, sale of assets or fromother sources. Additional financing opportunities may not be available to us, or if available, may not be on favorable terms. Further, to the extent that we raiseadditional capital through the sale of equity or convertible debt securities, the ownership interest of our shareholders will be diluted, and the terms may includeliquidation or other preferences that adversely affect the rights of our shareholders. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including revenuegenerated from the sale of our T-SPOT. TB test, margins, operating expenses and our ability to control costs associated with our operations, and the costs of filing,prosecuting, maintaining, defending and enforcing any patent claims and other intellectual property rights. The availability of additional capital will also depend onmany factors, including the market price of our ordinary shares and the availability and cost of additional equity capital from existing and potential new investors,our ability to retain the listing of our ordinary shares on The NASDAQ Global Market and general economic and industry conditions affecting the availability andcost of capital. Debt financing, if available, may involve agreements that include covenants limiting or restricting our ability to take specific actions such as incurring additionaldebt, making capital expenditures or declaring dividends. If we raise additional funds through collaboration, strategic alliance and licensing arrangements with thirdparties, we may have to relinquish valuable rights to our technologies or product candidates beyond the rights we have already relinquished, or grant licenses onterms that are not favorable to us. If we do not achieve, sustain or successfully manage our anticipated growth, our business and financial results may be adversely affected . We have experienced significant revenue growth in a relatively short period of time. We may not achieve similar growth rates in future periods. Investors shouldnot rely on our operating results for any prior periods as an indication of our future operating performance. If we are unable to maintain adequate revenue growth,our financial results could suffer and our share price could decline. Further development and commercialization of our T-SPOT. TB test and other diagnostic product candidates will require us to expand our sales, marketing anddistribution networks. Such growth may place significant strains on our management and our internal systems and processes, as well as potentially those of oursuppliers, and if we cannot effectively manage expanding operations and costs, we may not be able to continue to grow or we may grow at a slower pace and ourbusiness and financial results could be adversely affected. Our cash flows and capital resources may be insufficient to make required payments on our indebtedness and future indebtedness. On October 4, 2016, we entered into an agreement with MidCap Financial, or the MidCap agreement, that provides us with $40 million in debt financing,comprised of both a term loan and a revolving line of credit. The MidCap agreement provides a term loan of $30 million, which matures five years from closing.The term loan accrues interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 7.60% with interest only payments for the first 24 months, with the ability to extend to 48 months subject tocertain conditions, before the loan begins to amortize. The MidCap agreement also provides a revolving line of credit of up to $10 million, which matures fiveyears from closing. The revolving line of credit accrues interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 4.45%. Based on certain conditions, both the term loan and revolving lineof credit may be increased by an additional $10 million for a total of $60 million. We did not borrow under the revolving line of credit during 2016. 17Table of Contents As of December 31, 2016, we had $30.0 million of indebtedness under the MidCap agreement. Such indebtedness could have important consequences to us. Forexample, it could: ●make it difficult for us to satisfy our other debt obligations; ●make us more vulnerable to general adverse economic and industry conditions; ●limit our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions and other general corporate requirements; ●expose us to interest rate fluctuations because the interest rate on the debt under the MidCap agreement is variable; ●require us to dedicate a portion of our cash flow from operations to payments on our debt, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow for operationsand other purposes; ●limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate; and ●place us at a competitive disadvantage compared to competitors that may have proportionately less debt and greater financial resources. In addition, our ability to make scheduled payments or refinance our obligations depends on our successful financial and operating performance, cash flows andcapital resources, which in turn depend upon prevailing economic conditions and certain financial, business and other factors, many of which are beyond ourcontrol. These factors include, among others: ●economic and demand factors affecting our industry; ●pricing pressures; ●increased operating costs; ●competitive conditions; and ●other operating difficulties. If our cash flows and capital resources are insufficient to fund our debt service obligations, we may be forced to reduce or delay capital expenditures, sell materialassets or operations, obtain additional capital or restructure our debt. In the event that we are required to dispose of material assets or operations to meet our debtservice and other obligations, the value realized on such assets or operations will depend on market conditions and the availability of buyers. Accordingly, any suchsale may not, among other things, be for a sufficient dollar amount to fund our debt service obligations. Our obligations pursuant to the MidCap agreement aresecured by first priority security interests in substantially all of our assets. The foregoing encumbrances may limit our ability to dispose of material assets oroperations. We also may not be able to restructure our indebtedness on favorable economic terms, if at all. We may incur additional indebtedness in the future, including pursuant to the MidCap agreement. Our incurrence of additional indebtedness would intensify therisks described above. The MidCap a greement contains various covenants limiting the discretion of our management in operating our business. The MidCap agreement contains, subject to certain carve-outs, various restrictive covenants that limit our management's discretion in operating our business. Inparticular, these instruments limit our ability to, among other things: ●incur additional debt; ●grant liens on assets; ●make investments, including capital expenditures; ●sell or acquire assets outside the ordinary course of business; and ●make fundamental business changes. If we fail to comply with the restrictions in the MidCap agreement, a default may allow the creditors under the relevant instruments to accelerate the related debtand to exercise their remedies under these agreements, which will typically include the right to declare the principal amount of that debt, together with accrued andunpaid interest and other related amounts, immediately due and payable, to exercise any remedies the creditors may have to foreclose on assets that are subject toliens securing that debt and to terminate any commitments they had made to supply further funds. We are currently heavily dependent on the successful further commercialization of our T-SPOT.TB test and, if we encounter delays or difficulties in the furthercommercialization of this product, our business could be harmed. Our future success is heavily dependent upon the successful further commercialization of our T-SPOT. TB test. There is no assurance that we will continue togenerate revenues from this product, or any products under development, in the future. Our business could be materially harmed if we encounter difficulties in thefurther commercialization of this product, including, among others: failure to achieve sufficient market acceptance by hospitals and public health departments aswell as physicians, third-party payors and others in the medical community; the inability to compete with other diagnostic methods, including the TST; the inabilityto maintain and expand our sales, marketing and distribution networks; the inability to manage anticipated growth; the inability to obtain and/or maintain necessaryregulatory approvals; and the inability to effectively protect our intellectual property. 18Table of Contents Our financial results will depend on the market acceptance and increased demand of our products by hospitals and public health departments, as well asphysicians and others in the medical community. Our future success depends on our products gaining sufficient market acceptance by hospitals and public health departments. If our products do not achieve anadequate level of acceptance by such customer groups, we may not generate enough revenue to become profitable. For example, the degree of market acceptance ofour T-SPOT. TB product will depend on a number of factors, including: ●clinical guidelines relative to the screening for, and diagnosis and monitoring of, TB infection; ●the efficacy and potential advantages of our T-SPOT. TB test over alternative tests; ●the willingness of our target customers to accept and adopt our T-SPOT. TB test; ●the ability to offer attractive pricing for our T-SPOT. TB test; ●the strength of marketing and distribution support and the timing of market introduction of competitive products; and ●outcomes from clinical studies and other publicity concerning our T-SPOT. TB test or competing products. Our efforts to educate physicians and other members of the medical community on the benefits of our T-SPOT. TB test may require significant resources and maynever be successful. Such efforts to educate the marketplace may require more resources than are required by conventional technologies marketed by ourcompetitors. In particular, continuing to gain market acceptance for our T-SPOT. TB test in nascent markets could be challenging. In certain markets, including, forexample, Japan and China, our potential for future growth is difficult to forecast. If we were to incorrectly forecast our ability to penetrate these markets,expenditures that we make may not result in the benefits that we expect, which could harm our results of operations. Moreover, in the event that our T-SPOT. TBtest is the subject of guidelines, clinical studies or scientific publications that are unhelpful or damaging, or otherwise call into question the benefits of our T-SPOT.TB test, we may have difficulty in convincing prospective customers to adopt our test. Moreover, the perception by the investment community or shareholders thatrecommendations, guidelines or studies will result in decreased use of our products could adversely affect the prevailing market price for our ordinary shares.Similar challenges apply to all of the products in our pipeline. The success of our T-SPOT.TB test depends on the continued demand for diagnostic products for tuberculosis. Even if we achieve market acceptance, our success will depend on continued demand for diagnostic products for tuberculosis. Tuberculosis screening policiescould change such that tests are conducted less frequently or in fewer instances. For example, healthcare institutions facing increased cost control requirementscould determine to reduce employee testing. In addition, various institutions or governing bodies may decide that the incidence of TB has dropped sufficientlywithin their screening population so as to permit reduced testing (e.g., U.S. military guidelines were recently updated such that testing may now be required infewer instances than under previous guidelines). If there are widespread testing policy changes that substantially reduce testing in the markets we serve, ourbusiness could be materially and adversely affected. New market opportunities may not develop as quickly as we expect, limiting our ability to market and sell our T-SPOT.TB test successfully. We intend to take steps to continue to increase the presence of our T-SPOT. TB test in new markets both in the United States and internationally. We intend toexpand our sales force globally and establish additional distributor relationships outside of our direct markets to better access international markets. We believethese opportunities will take substantial time to develop or mature, however, and we cannot be certain that these market opportunities will develop as we expect.The future growth and success of our T-SPOT. TB test in these markets depends on many factors beyond our control, including recognition and acceptance by thescientific community in that market and the prevalence and costs of competing methods of tuberculosis screening. If the markets for our T-SPOT. TB test do notdevelop as we expect, our business may be adversely affected. Our T-SPOT.TB test competes with other diagnostic testing methods that may be more widely accepted than our test, and may compete with new diagnostictests that may be developed by others in the future, which could impair our ability to maintain and grow our business and remain competitive. The clinical diagnostics market is highly competitive, and we must be able to compete effectively against existing and future competitors in order to be successful.In selling our T-SPOT. TB test, we compete primarily with existing diagnostic technologies, particularly the TST, which is widely used as a test for TB infection. Inaddition, we compete with QFN which, like our T-SPOT. TB test, employs an IGRA method for detecting tuberculosis infection. If we are unable to differentiateour diagnostic tests from those of our competitors, our business may be materially and adversely affected. In addition, improvements in these technologies or thedevelopment of new technologies for diagnosing tuberculosis and the introduction of products that compete with our T-SPOT. TB test could adversely impact ourability to sell our T-SPOT. TB test or the sales price of the test. This could impact our ability to market our test and/or secure a distribution partner, both of whichcould have a substantial impact on the value of our T-SPOT. TB test. We also face competition in the development, manufacture, marketing and commercialization of diagnostic products from a variety of other sources, such asacademic institutions, government agencies, research institutions and other life sciences companies. These competitors are working to develop and market otherdiagnostic tests, systems, products and other methods of detecting, preventing or reducing tuberculosis. 19Table of Contents Among the many experimental diagnostics being developed around the world, there may be diagnostics unknown to us that may compete with our T-SPOT. TBtest. Many of our potential competitors have much greater capital resources, manufacturing, research and development resources and production facilities than wedo. Competitors with greater resources may be able to offer tests and/or services at prices at which we are unable to compete and more quickly developimprovements than we are. Many of them may also have more experience than we have in preclinical testing and clinical trials of new diagnostic tests. In our service offering, we also may face competition from commercial laboratories, including large national and regional laboratories, which may be able to offeraccess to TB testing. These laboratories may have perceived advantages over our solution, including phlebotomy services, established payor relationships anddedicated courier services. For example, as we seek to further penetrate the physicians’ office segment of the U.S. market, we may find that physicians haveestablished relationships with commercial laboratories that offer physicians additional services, such as phlebotomy, and a wider range of available laboratory teststhat a physician may choose to order in addition to a TB test. Further, some commercial laboratories may be able to offer their services at lower cost to physicians’patients due to the reimbursement arrangements these laboratories may have established with third-party payors. These factors may make it difficult for us toconvince physicians to use our test and service offering. The markets for our T-SPOT. TB test are subject to changing technology, new product introductions and product enhancements, and evolving industry standards.The introduction or enhancement of products embodying new technology or the emergence of new industry standards could render existing products obsolete orresult in short product life cycles or our inability to sell our T-SPOT. TB test without offering a significant discount. Our future success depends on our ability to successfully develop, obtain clearance or approval for and commercialize new products. Our future success partially depends on our ability to successfully develop and market new products. Our ability to develop any of these products is dependent on anumber of factors, including funding availability to complete development efforts; our ability to develop products that adequately detect or measure the targetedfunction, condition or disease; our ability to secure required FDA or other regulatory clearance or approval and our ability to obtain licenses to necessary third-party intellectual property. We may encounter problems in the development phase for our products, which can result in substantial setbacks and delays orabandonment of further work on the potential product. There can be no assurance that we will not encounter such setbacks with the products in our pipeline, or thatfunding from outside sources and our revenue will be sufficient to bring any future product to the point of commercialization. In addition, our future success partially depends on the successful completion of clinical trials demonstrating the utility of our product candidates. We currentlyhave a number of pipeline products in development, some of which are or may become the subject of pivotal trials to demonstrate sufficient utility to supportsuccessful market adoption and/or to obtain regulatory approval for sale. Not all of our clinical trials may actually result in the successful commercialization of aproduct. We will not be able to commercialize our pipeline products if clinical trials do not produce successful results or if clinical trials do not demonstrate utility.In addition, the process for the completion of clinical trials and the regulatory approval submission process are lengthy and may be subject to a number of delaysfor various reasons, which could delay the commercialization of any product. If our development projects are not successful or are significantly delayed, we maynot recover our substantial investments in the pipeline products, and our failure to bring these pipeline products to market on a timely basis, or at all, wouldadversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Even if we are successful in developing new products and securing regulatory approval to market them, we may not be able to achieve marketplace acceptance forour new products or generate significant revenue from their sale. As with our current T-SPOT. TB test, the success of any future products will depend upon thedegree of market acceptance by physicians, hospitals, third-party payors and others in the medical community. Achieving market acceptance will require us toexpend substantial time and resources to educate physicians and other members of the medical community on the benefits of any new product we develop and wemay never be successful in gaining market acceptance of our new products. There can be no assurance that the products we seek to develop will work effectively inthe marketplace, or that we will be able to produce them on an economical basis. If we are unable to maintain and expand our network of direct sales representatives and independent distributors, we may not be able to generate anticipatedsales. We sell our T-SPOT. TB test through our own sales force in the United States, certain European countries and Japan and we sell through distributors in other partsof the world such as in China. Our operating results are directly dependent upon the sales and marketing efforts of not only our employees, but also our independentdistributors. We expect our direct sales representatives and independent distributors to develop long-lasting relationships with the providers they serve. If our directsales representatives or independent distributors fail to adequately promote, market and sell our product, our sales could significantly decrease. 20Table of Contents We face significant challenges and risks in managing our geographically dispersed sales and distribution network and retaining the individuals who make up thatnetwork. If a substantial number of our direct sales representatives were to leave us within a short period of time, or if a substantial number of our independentdistributors were to cease to do business with us within a short period of time, our sales could be adversely affected. If any significant independent distributor wereto cease to distribute our product, our sales could be adversely affected. In such a situation, we may need to seek alternative independent distributors or increase ourreliance on our direct sales representatives, which may not prevent our sales from being adversely affected. If a direct sales representative or independentdistributor were to depart and be retained by one of our competitors, we may be unable to prevent them from helping competitors solicit business from our existingcustomers, which could further adversely affect our sales. Because of the intense competition for their services, we may be unable to recruit additional qualifiedindependent distributors or to hire additional qualified direct sales representatives to work with us. We may also not be able to enter into agreements with them onfavorable or commercially reasonable terms, if at all. Failure to hire or retain qualified direct sales representatives or independent distributors would prevent usfrom expanding our business and generating sales. See “—Certain of our customers account for a significant portion of our revenue.” As we launch new products and increase our sales, marketing and distribution efforts with respect to our T-SPOT. TB test, we will need to expand the reach of oursales, marketing and distribution networks. Our future success will depend largely on our ability to continue to hire, train, retain and motivate skilled direct salesrepresentatives and independent distributors with significant technical knowledge in various areas. New hires require training and take time to achieve fullproductivity. If we fail to train new hires adequately, or if we experience high turnover in our sales force in the future, we cannot be certain that new hires willbecome as productive as may be necessary to maintain or increase our sales. If we are unable to expand our sales and marketing capabilities domestically and internationally, we may not be able to effectively commercialize our products,which would adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Health insurers and other payors may decide not to cover, or may discontinue reimbursing, our T-SPOT.TB test or any other diagnostic tests we offer or mayoffer , or may provide inadequate reimbursement, which could jeopardize our ability to expand our business. Although for many of our current customers, including those in the hospital and public health segments, the cost of screening their employees for tuberculosis is notreimbursable, our business is somewhat impacted, and in the future may be more greatly impacted, by the level of reimbursement from payors or governmentallimitations on price. In the United States, the regulatory process allows diagnostic tests to be marketed regardless of any coverage determinations made by payors.For new diagnostic tests, each payor makes its own decision about which tests it will cover, how much it will pay and whether it will continue reimbursing the test.Clinicians may order diagnostic tests that are not reimbursed if the patient is willing to pay for the test without reimbursement, but coverage determinations andreimbursement levels and conditions are important to the commercial success of a diagnostic product. In addition, eligibility for coverage does not imply that anyproduct will be covered and reimbursed in all cases or reimbursed at a rate that allows our potential customers to make a profit or even cover their costs. CMS establishes reimbursement payment levels and coverage rules for Medicare. CMS currently covers our T-SPOT. TB test. If CMS were to place significantrestrictions on the use of our tests, reduce payment amounts or eliminate coverage altogether, our ability to generate revenue from our diagnostic tests could belimited. For example, payment for diagnostic tests furnished to Medicare beneficiaries is made based on a fee schedule set by CMS. In July 2013, CMS releasedcertain proposals that re-examined payment amounts for tests reimbursed under the Medicare clinical laboratory fee schedule due to changes in technology. CMSalso proposed to bundle the Medicare payments for certain laboratory tests ordered while a patient received services in a hospital outpatient setting, replacing thecurrent methodology to make separate payments for the test. These changes went into effect on January 1, 2014. In addition, payment methodologies may besubject to changes in healthcare legislation. In February 2012, President Obama signed the Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012, which mandatedan additional change in reimbursement for clinical laboratory services payments. This legislation required CMS to reduce the Medicare clinical laboratory feeschedule by 2% in 2013, which in turn serves as the base for 2014 and subsequent years. Levels of reimbursement may continue to decrease in the future, andfuture legislation, regulation or reimbursement policies of third-party payors may harm the demand and reimbursement available for our T-SPOT. TB test, which inturn, could harm our product pricing and sales. If our customers are not adequately reimbursed for our T-SPOT. TB test, they may reduce or discontinue purchasesof our product, which would cause our revenues to decline. In addition, state Medicaid plans and private commercial payors establish rates and coverage rules independently. As a result, the coverage determination process isoften a time-consuming and costly process that requires us to provide scientific and clinical support for the use of our tests to each payor separately, with noassurance that coverage or adequate reimbursement will be obtained. Even if one or more third-party payors decides to reimburse for our tests, that payor mayreduce utilization or stop or lower payment at any time, which could reduce our revenue. We cannot predict whether or when third-party payors will cover our testsor offer adequate reimbursement to make them commercially attractive. Clinicians may decide not to order our tests if inadequate third-party payments result inadditional costs to the patient. We are also subject to foreign reimbursement and payment schemes in the international markets we serve, including Germany, Switzerland, France, Japan andChina. Decisions by health insurers or other third-party payors in these markets not to cover, or to discontinue reimbursement, or governmental limitations on pricecould materially and adversely affect our business. 21Table of Contents Billing complexities associated with obtaining payment or reimbursement for our tests may negatively affect our revenue, cash flow and profitability. Although third-party payors accounted for only about 10% of our total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016, we currently rely in part, and may in thefuture more heavily rely, on obtaining third-party payment or reimbursement for our test. We or our customers receive payment from individual patients and from avariety of payors, such as commercial insurance carriers, including managed care organizations and governmental programs, primarily Medicare and Medicaid inthe United States. Each payor typically has different billing requirements, and the billing requirements of many payors have become increasingly stringent. Among the factors complicating our billing of, and obtaining payment through, third-party payors are: ●disputes among payors as to which party is responsible for payment; ●disparity in coverage among various payors; ●disparity in information and billing requirements among payors; ●incorrect or missing billing information, which is required to be provided by the ordering physician; and ●payments may be sent directly to patients rather than to us. These billing complexities, and the related uncertainty in obtaining payment for our tests, could negatively affect our revenue, cash flow and profitability. We depend upon a limited number of suppliers, and certain components of our product s may only be available from a sole source or limited number ofsuppliers. Our T-SPOT. TB , T-SPOT. CMV and T-SPOT .PRT tests are generally assembled by us from supplies we obtain from a limited number of suppliers. Criticalcomponents required to assemble our tests may only be available from a sole or limited number of component suppliers. For example, we source key componentsof our T-SPOT. TB test from EMD Millipore Corporation, Stemcell Technologies Inc., Mabtech AB, MicroCoat Biotechnologie GmbH and Life TechnologiesCorporation, any of whom would be difficult to replace. Even if the key components that we source are available from other parties, the time and effort involved inobtaining any necessary regulatory approvals for substitutes could impede our ability to replace such components timely or at all. The loss of a sole or key supplierwould impair our ability to deliver products to our customers in a timely manner and would adversely affect our sales and operating results and negatively impactour reputation. Our business would also be harmed if any of our suppliers could not meet our quality and performance specifications and quantity and deliveryrequirements. Certain of our customers account for a significant portion of our revenue. We sell our T-SPOT. TB test through a direct sales force in the United States, certain European countries and Japan. In Japan, while we maintain end-userrelationships through our direct sales force, we sell through a single importer of record, Riken. In other parts of the world, we sell through distributors. Forexample, in China, we sell through a single distributor, Fosun. For the year ended December 31, 2016, sales to Fosun and through Riken together accounted for29% of our total revenue, with Fosun accounting for 15% and Riken accounting for 14%. In the event that either of these customers or any other significantcustomer substantially reduces its purchases of our products, particularly if this occurs without adequate advance notice to enable us to secure alternate importationor distribution arrangements, our results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. We or our suppliers may experience development or manufacturing problems or delays that could limit the growth of our revenue or increase our losses. We may encounter unforeseen situations in the manufacture and assembly of our T-SPOT. TB test that would result in delays or shortfalls in our production. Oursuppliers may also face similar delays or shortfalls. In addition, our or our suppliers’ production processes and assembly methods may have to change toaccommodate any significant future expansion of our manufacturing capacity, which may increase our or our suppliers’ manufacturing costs, delay production ofour product, reduce our product margin and adversely impact our business. If we are unable to keep up with demand for our product by successfully manufacturingand shipping our product in a timely manner, our revenue could be impaired, market acceptance for our product could be adversely affected and our customersmight instead purchase our competitors’ products. In addition, developing manufacturing procedures for new products would require developing specificproduction processes for those products. Developing such processes could be time consuming, and any unexpected difficulty in doing so can delay the introductionof a product. 22Table of Contents We currently perform our tests for our service offering exclusively in one laboratory facility in the United States and one laboratory in the United Kingdom. Ifthese or any future facilities or our equipment were damaged or destroyed, or if we experience a significant disruption in our operations for any reason, ourability to continue to operate our business could be materially harmed. We currently perform our T-SPOT. TB test for our service offering in the United States exclusively in a single laboratory facility in Memphis, Tennessee, and in theUnited Kingdom exclusively in a single laboratory facility in Abingdon, England. In addition, our service offering for the testing for tick-borne diseases isperformed exclusively in a single laboratory facility in Norwood, Massachusetts. If these or any future facilities were to be damaged, destroyed or otherwise unableto operate, whether due to fire, floods, hurricanes, storms, tornadoes, other natural disasters, employee malfeasance, terrorist acts, power outages, or otherwise, or ifperformance of our laboratories is disrupted for any other reason, we may not be able to perform our tests or generate test reports as promptly as our customersexpect, or possibly not at all. Building or finding a replacement facility could be difficult, expensive and time consuming and any new laboratory would need tosatisfy the various certification, accreditation and licensing requirements to which our current laboratory facilities are subject, including, for example, CLIArequirements in the United States. If we are unable to perform our tests or generate test reports within a timeframe that meets our customers’ expectations, ourbusiness, financial results and reputation could be materially harmed. As of December 31, 2016, we maintain insurance coverage totaling $13.5 million against damage to our property and equipment and an additional $56.6 million tocover business interruption and research and development restoration expenses, subject to deductibles and other limitations. If we have underestimated ourinsurance needs with respect to an interruption, however, or if an interruption is not subject to coverage under our insurance policies, we may not be able to coverour losses. Even if we cover our losses, our business, financial results and reputation could be materially harmed. Failure in our information technology or storage systems could significantly disrupt our operations and our research and development efforts, which couldadversely impact our revenue, as well as our research, development and commercialization efforts. Our ability to execute our business strategy depends, in part, on the continued and uninterrupted performance of our information technology, or IT, systems, whichsupport our operations, including our LIS, our billing system, and our customer interfaces. Due to the sophisticated nature of the technology we use in ourlaboratories and our complex billing procedures, we are substantially dependent on our IT systems. IT systems are vulnerable to damage from a variety of sources,including telecommunications or network failures, malicious human acts and natural disasters. Moreover, despite network security and back-up measures, some ofour servers are potentially vulnerable to physical or electronic break-ins, computer viruses and similar disruptive problems. Despite the precautionary measures wehave taken to prevent unanticipated problems that could affect our IT systems, sustained or repeated system failures that interrupt our ability to generate andmaintain data, and in particular to operate our LIS or billing systems, could adversely affect our ability to operate our business. Any interruption in the operation ofour LIS or billing systems, due to IT system failures, part failures or potential disruptions in the event we are required to relocate our IT systems within our facilityor to another facility could have an adverse effect on our operations. We rely on courier delivery services to transport samples to our facilities for testing. If these delivery services are disrupted, our business and customersatisfaction could be negatively impacted. Customers in the United States and the United Kingdom ship samples to us by air and ground express courier delivery service for testing in our Memphis,Tennessee, Norwood, Massachusetts and Abingdon, England facilities. If we suffer from disruptions in delivery service, whether due to bad weather, naturaldisaster, terrorist acts or threats, or for other reasons, we may be unable to provide timely services to customers or at all. As a result, such disruptions couldmaterially and adversely affect our financial results and our reputation. Because our business relies heavily on international operations and revenue, changes in currency exchange rates and our need to convert currencies maynegatively affect our financial condition and results of operations. Our business relies heavily on our operations outside the United States. For the year ended December 31, 2016, 42% of our total revenue was derived from salesoutside the United States. Because we currently operate in three major regions of the world (the United States, Europe and rest of world, or Europe & ROW, andAsia), our revenue is denominated in multiple currencies. Sales in the United States are denominated in U.S. Dollars. Sales in China are denominated in U.S.Dollars and sales in Japan are denominated in Yen but, in each case, these sales are made by our U.K.-based legal entity where the Pound Sterling is the functionalcurrency. As a result, these sales are subject to remeasurement into Pounds Sterling and then translation into U.S. Dollars when we consolidate our financialstatements. Sales in Europe are denominated primarily in the Pound Sterling and Euro. As we grow Europe & ROW sales outside the United Kingdom and theEuropean Union countries whose national currency is the Euro, or the Euro Zone, we will be subject to exchange rate risk from additional currencies. As a result,our exchange rate exposure may change over time as our business practices evolve and could result in increased costs or reduced revenue and could affect ouractual cash flow. Changes in the relative values of currencies occur regularly and, in some instances, may have a significant impact on our operating results. Wecannot predict with any certainty changes in currency exchange rates or the degree to which we can effectively mitigate these risks. In addition, the weakening of foreign currencies relative to the U.S. Dollar may require us to reduce prices to allow distributors to maintain profitable businesses.As a result, sales and earnings of our products in countries outside the United States may be materially adversely affected by foreign currency exchange ratefluctuations. 23Table of Contents A d ecline in the state of the global economy and financial market conditions could adversely affect our ability to conduct business and our results ofoperations . Global economic and financial market conditions, including disruptions in the credit markets and the threat of or impact of global economic deterioration maymaterially impact our customers and other parties with whom we do business. Such conditions could negatively affect our future sales of our products. A decline ingeneral economic and financial market conditions could materially adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. Specifically, the impact ofthese volatile and negative conditions may include decreased demand for our products and services, a decrease in our ability to accurately forecast future producttrends and demand, and a negative impact on our ability to timely collect receivables from our customers. The foregoing economic conditions may lead toincreased levels of bankruptcies, restructurings and liquidations for our customers, scaling back of research and development expenditures, delays in plannedprojects and shifts in business strategies for many of our customers. Such events could, in turn, adversely affect our business through loss of sales. Uncertainty arising from global political events, including as a result of the June 2016 referendum on the United Kingdom’s exit from the European Union,could adversely affect our ability to conduct business and our results of operations. On June 23, 2016, the United Kingdom, or U.K., held a non-binding referendum, commonly referred to as “Brexit”, in which voters approved an exit from theEuropean Union, or E.U. As a result of the referendum, it is expected that the British government will begin negotiating the terms of the U.K.’s future relationshipwith the E.U. Article 50 of the Treaty of the European Union, or Article 50, allows a member state to decide to withdraw from the E.U. in accordance with its ownconstitutional requirements. The formal process for leaving the E.U. will be triggered only when the U.K. delivers an Article 50 notice to the European Council,although informal negotiations around the terms of any exit may be held before such notice is given. On November 3, 2016, the U.K.'s High Court decided that theU.K. Government could not provide official notice to leave the E.U. without the U.K. Parliament's approval. The U.K. Government appealed this decision, anappeal hearing was held before the U.K. Supreme Court, and the judgment followed on January 24, 2017 affirming the original decision. While the judgment is notexpected to stop Brexit from occurring, it could affect the terms, nature and timetable of the exit. Delivery of the Article 50 notice will start a two-year period for the U.K. to exit from the E.U., although this period can be extended with the unanimous agreementof the European Council. Without any such extension (and assuming that the terms of withdrawal have not already been agreed), the U.K.’s membership in the E.U.would end automatically on the expiration of that two-year period. Although it is unknown what the terms of the U.K.’s future relationship with the E.U. will be, it is possible that there will be greater restrictions on trade betweenthe U.K. and E.U. countries and increased regulatory complexities. These changes may adversely affect our operations and financial results. The announcement ofBrexit also caused significant volatility in global currency markets. The fluctuation of currency exchange rates may expose us to gains and losses on non U.S.currency transactions and impact the purchasing power of our non U.S. currency customers, causing them to decrease or cancel orders or default on payment. Anyglobal political uncertainty similar to the Brexit referendum could similarly harm our ability to conduct our business and our results of operations. Significant developments stemming from the recent U.S. presidential election could have a material adverse effect on us. On January 20, 2017, Mr. Donald J. Trump was inaugurated as the president of the United States. As a presidential candidate, President Trump expressed concernsregarding existing trade agreements, such as the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), and raised the possibility of imposing significant increases ontariffs on goods imported into the United States, particularly from China and Mexico. President Trump has also indicated an intention to request Congress to makesignificant changes to U.S. tax laws, significant changes, replacement or elimination of the PPACA, and government negotiation/regulation of drug prices paid bygovernment programs. Changes in U.S. social, political, regulatory and economic conditions or laws and policies governing the health care system and drug prices,U.S. tax laws, foreign trade, immigration, manufacturing, and development and investment in the territories and countries where we or our customers and suppliersoperate could adversely affect our operating results and our business. We have in the past and may in the future seek to grow our business through acquisitions of or investments in new or complementary businesses, products ortechnologies, and the failure to manage acquisitions or investments, or the failure to integrate them with our existing business, could have a material adverseeffect on our operating results and the value of our ordinary shares . From time to time we expect to consider opportunities to acquire or make investments in other technologies, products and businesses that may enhance ourcapabilities, complement our current products or expand the breadth of our product offerings, markets or customer base. Potential and completed acquisitions andstrategic investments involve numerous risks, including: ● difficulties in acquiring new products, technologies or businesses that will help our current business;● difficulties in integrating acquired personnel, technologies, products or business operations;● issues maintaining uniform standards, procedures, controls and policies;● unanticipated costs associated with acquisitions;● diversion of management’s attention from our core business;● adverse effects on existing business relationships with suppliers and customers;● risks associated with entering new markets in which we have limited or no experience;● potential loss of key employees of acquired businesses; and● increased legal and accounting compliance costs. 24Table of Contents We have completed three acquisitions since 2014. On July 31, 2014, we acquired substantially all of the assets of Boulder, a privately owned company developingimmunology-based assays for autoimmune and inflammatory conditions/diseases. On July 1, 2016, we acquired substantially all of the assets of Imugen, a privatelyowned Massachusetts corporation specializing in the development and performance of testing for tick-borne diseases, including Lyme disease. On October 12,2016, we acquired Immunetics, a privately owned Massachusetts corporation focused on developing specialized tests for infectious diseases, including tick-bornediseases, such as Lyme disease. These acquisitions brought us additional product pipeline opportunities which we believe are well-suited to our growing commercial infrastructure, but there can beno assurance that we will be able to successfully develop and complete the development or commercialization of the products that we acquired in theseacquisitions. Further, even if we are able to profitably commercialize the underlying product candidates, there is no guarantee that we will be able to do so beforeany competitors develop and commercialize similar products. We could have difficulty in integrating acquired businesses, including the businesses of Boulder, Imugen and Immunetics, which may cause us not to realizeexpected revenue increases, cost savings, increases in geographic or product presence, and other projected benefits from these acquisitions. The integration ofacquired businesses could result in the loss of key employees, disruption of our business or the business of the acquired company, or otherwise harm our ability toretain customers and employees or achieve the anticipated benefits of the acquisition. Time and resources spent on integration may also impair our ability to growour existing businesses. Also, the negative effect of any financial commitments required by regulatory authorities or rating agencies in acquisitions or businesscombinations may be greater than expected. In addition to our completed acquisitions, any acquisitions we undertake in the future could be expensive and time consuming, and may disrupt our ongoingbusiness and prevent management from focusing on our operations. If we are unable to manage acquisitions or investments, or integrate any future acquiredbusinesses, products or technologies effectively, our business, results of operations and financial condition may be materially and adversely affected. If we fail to successfully develop and complete our IPR&D program, our future operating results could be materially adversely impacted. There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully develop and complete the acquired IPR&D program and profitably commercialize the underlyingproduct candidates before our competitors develop and commercialize similar products, or at all. Our acquired IPR&D assets include $9.2 million for IPR&Dacquired in conjunction with the Imugen acquisition and $7.0 million for IPR&D acquired in conjunction with the Immunetics acquisition. If the acquired IPR&Dprogram fails or is abandoned during development, then we may not realize the value we have estimated and recorded in our financial statements on the acquisitiondate, and we may also not recover the research and development investment made since the acquisition date to further develop that program. If such circumstanceswere to occur, our future operating results could be materially adversely impacted. Write-offs related to the impairments of our long-lived assets, including goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets may adversely impact our results ofoperations. During the fourth quarter of 2016, we made the strategic decision to end our GoutiFind program. GoutiFind was a blood test designed to allow for early diagnosisand better inform therapies by measuring the strength of the underlying uric acid induced inflammation. As a result of this decision, we recorded a non-cashIPR&D impairment charge of $270,000. Also during the fourth quarter of 2016, we recorded a non-cash IPR&D impairment charge of $1.4 million related to anassay for Lyme disease that was acquired in conjunction with the Boulder acquisition, when it was determined that the Boulder IPR&D will not directly yield anyproducts. During the third quarter of 2015, the timeline for the development of an assay to inform decisions regarding biologic therapies that was acquired as part of theBoulder acquisition was changed due to delays in the completion of research studies. Based upon the changed timeline and the resulting impact on fair value, werecorded a non-cash IPR&D impairment charge of $385,000. We may incur additional non-cash charges related to impairments of our long-lived assets, including goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets. We arerequired to perform periodic impairment reviews of these assets at least annually. To the extent future reviews conclude that the expected future cash flowsgenerated from our business activities are not sufficient to recover the carrying value of these assets, we will be required to measure and record an impairmentcharge to write-down these assets to their realizable values and those impairment charges could be equal to the entire carrying value of the assets. Any such write-downs could adversely impact our operating results. Our business could suffer if we lose the services of, or are unable to attract and retain, key members of our senior management, key advisors or otherpersonnel. We are dependent upon the continued services of key members of our senior management and a limited number of key advisors and personnel. In particular, we arehighly dependent on the skills and leadership of our Chief Executive Officer, Dr. Peter Wrighton-Smith, and the other members of management named in the“Management” section elsewhere in this Annual Report. The loss of any one of these individuals could disrupt our operations or our strategic plans. Additionally,our future success will depend on, among other things, our ability to continue to hire and retain the necessary qualified scientific, technical, sales, marketing andmanagerial personnel, for whom we compete with numerous other companies, academic institutions and organizations. The loss of members of our managementteam, key advisors or personnel, or our inability to attract or retain other qualified personnel or advisors, could have a material adverse effect on our business,results of operations and financial condition. Although all members of our senior management team have entered into agreements that restrict their ability tocompete with us for a period of time after the end of their employment, we may be unable to enforce such restrictive covenants at all or for a sufficient duration oftime to prevent members of our management team from competing with us. 25Table of Contents Our ability to use net operating losses to offset future taxable income may be subject to substantial limitations. As of December 31, 2016, our available U.S. federal net operating losses, or NOLs, totaled $125.3 million and U.S. state loss carryforwards totaled $112.5 million.The amount of these NOLs remains subject to review and possible adjustment by the Internal Revenue Service and state revenue authorities, as applicable. NOLsmay become subject to an annual limitation if there is a cumulative change in the ownership interest of significant shareholders (or certain shareholder groups) overa three-year period in excess of 50%, in accordance with rules established under Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code, andsimilar state rules (we refer to each as an ownership change). Such an ownership change could limit the amount of historic NOLs that can be utilized annually tooffset future taxable income. The amount of this annual limitation is determined based on our value immediately prior to the ownership change. We havecompleted several financings since our inception, as well as the initial public offering, or IPO, of our ordinary shares and an offering of additional ordinary sharesthat closed on February 4, 2015, that may have resulted in one or more ownership changes under this definition. If we are deemed to have undergone an ownershipchange by virtue of these transactions, we may not be able to utilize a material portion of our NOLs even if we attain profitability. Future changes in our shareownership, some of which are outside of our control, could result in additional ownership changes for purposes of these rules. We are unable to predict futureownership changes or the way an ownership change could limit the use of our NOLs. Risks related to regulatory and other legal issues. If we fail to comply with extensive regulations of domestic and international regulatory authorities, sales of our T-SPOT.TB test in new markets and thedevelopment and commercialization of any new product candidates could be delayed or prevented. Our existing tests, as well as new tests will be, subject to extensive government regulations related to development, testing, manufacturing and commercializationin the United States and other countries before we can sell in these markets. The process of obtaining and complying with FDA and other governmental regulatoryapprovals and regulations is costly, time consuming, uncertain and subject to unanticipated delays. Securing regulatory approval for a new product, in the UnitedStates and many other countries, typically requires several years. Despite the time and expense exerted, regulatory approval is never guaranteed. We may not beable to obtain FDA or other required regulatory approval and market any further products we may develop during the time we anticipate, or at all. We also aresubject to the following risks and obligations, among others: ●regulators may refuse to approve an application if they believe that applicable regulatory criteria are not satisfied; ●regulators may require additional testing for safety and effectiveness; ●regulators may interpret data from clinical studies in different ways than we interpret them; ●if regulatory approval of a product is granted, the approval may be limited to specific indications or limited with respect to its distribution; and ●regulators may change their approval policies and/or adopt new regulations that affect our ability to secure approvals for new products, which woulddecrease the chance we would be able to commercialize new diagnostic tests. In addition, some international jurisdictions, such as China, require periodic recertification. Even if we obtain initial certifications from regulatory bodies, we maylose certification after a periodic review. Failure to maintain requisite certifications from regulatory bodies would adversely affect our ability to generate futurerevenue and operating income. 26Table of Contents If we or our suppliers fail to comply with ongoing regulatory requirements, or if we experience unanticipated problems with our products, these products couldbe subject to restrictions or withdrawal from the market. Any product for which we obtain marketing approval in the United States or in international jurisdictions, along with the manufacturing processes, post-approvalclinical data and promotional activities for such product, will be subject to continual review and periodic inspections by the FDA and other regulatory bodies.Furthermore, our suppliers may be subject to similar regulatory oversight, and may not currently be or may not continue to be in compliance with applicableregulatory requirements. Failure by us or one of our suppliers to comply with statutes and regulations administered by the FDA and other regulatory bodies, orfailure to take adequate action in response to any observations, could result in, among other things, any of the following enforcement actions: ●warning letters or untitled letters; ●fines and civil penalties; ●unanticipated expenditures for corrective actions; ●delays in approving, or refusal to approve, our products; ●withdrawal or suspension of approval by the FDA or other regulatory bodies; ●product recall or seizures; ●interruption of production; ●operating restrictions; ●injunctions; and ●criminal penalties. If any of these actions were to occur, it could harm our reputation and could cause our product sales and profitability to suffer. Any regulatory approval of a product may also be subject to limitations on the indicated uses for which the product may be marketed. If the FDA or anotherregulatory body determines that our promotional materials, training or other activities constitute promotion of an unapproved use, it could request that we cease ormodify our training or promotional materials or subject us to regulatory enforcement actions. It is also possible that other federal, state or foreign enforcementauthorities might take action if they consider our training or promotional materials to constitute promotion of an unapproved use, which could result in significantfines or penalties under applicable statutory authorities, such as laws prohibiting false claims for reimbursement. Additionally, we may be required to conduct costly post-market testing, and we will be required to report adverse events and malfunctions related to our products.Later discovery of previously unknown problems with our products, including unanticipated adverse events or adverse events of unanticipated severity orfrequency, manufacturing problems, or failure to comply with regulatory requirements may result in restrictions on such products or manufacturing processes,withdrawal of the products from the market, voluntary or mandatory recalls, fines, suspension of regulatory approvals, product seizures, injunctions or theimposition of civil or criminal penalties. Furthermore, the FDA and various other authorities will inspect our facilities and those of our suppliers from time to time to determine whether we are incompliance with regulations relating to the manufacture of diagnostic products, including regulations concerning design, manufacture, testing, quality control,product labeling, distribution, promotion and record-keeping practices. A determination that we are in material violation of such regulations could lead to theimposition of civil penalties, including fines, product recalls, product seizures or, in extreme cases, criminal sanctions. If we are unable to comply with the requirements of CLIA and state laws governing clinical laboratories or if we are required to expend significant additionalresources to comply with these requirements, the success of our business could be threatened. HHS has classified our T-SPOT and tick-borne disease tests as high-complexity tests under CLIA. Under CLIA, personnel requirements for laboratories conductinghigh-complexity tests are more stringent than those applicable to laboratories performing less complex tests. As a result of these personnel requirements, we mustemploy more experienced or more highly educated personnel and additional categories of employees, which increases our operating costs. If we fail to meet CLIArequirements, HHS or state agencies could require us to cease some or all of the tests that we offer. Continued compliance with CLIA requirements may cause us toincur significant expenses and potentially lose revenue in doing so. Moreover, new interpretations of current regulations or future changes in regulations underCLIA may make it difficult or impossible for us to comply with our CLIA classification, which would significantly harm our business. Many states in which our physician and laboratory clients are located, such as New York, have laws and regulations governing clinical laboratories that are morestringent than federal law and may apply to us even if we are not located, and do not perform tests, in that state. We may also be subject to additional licensingrequirements as we expand our sales and operations into new geographic areas, which could impair our ability to pursue our growth strategy. 27Table of Contents We may potentially be subject to product liability claims. The testing, manufacturing and marketing of medical diagnostic tests such as our T-SPOT. TB test entail an inherent risk of product liability claims. Further,providing clinical testing services entails a risk of claims for errors or omissions made by our laboratory staff. Potential liability claims may exceed the amount ofour insurance coverage or may be excluded from coverage under the terms of the policy. As of December 31, 2016, we had product liability insurance of$12.4 million. Our existing insurance will have to be increased in the future if we are successful at introducing new diagnostic products and this will increase ourcosts. Under certain of our customer and license agreements, we have agreed to provide indemnification for product liability claims arising out of the use of our T-SPOT. TB test. In the event that we are held liable for a claim or for damages exceeding the limits of our insurance coverage, we may be required to makesubstantial payments. Regardless of merit or eventual outcome, liability claims may result in: ●decreased demand for our product and product candidates; ●injury to our reputation; ●costs of related litigation; ●substantial monetary awards to patients and others; ●loss of revenue; and ●the inability to commercialize our products and product candidates. Any of these outcomes may have an adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, and may increase the volatility ofour share price. Our inadvertent or unintentional failure to comply with the complex government regulations concerning privacy of medical records could subject us to finesand adversely affect our reputation. The U.S. federal privacy regulations limit use or disclosure of protected health information, without written patient authorization, to purposes of payment, treatmentor healthcare operations (as defined under HIPAA) except for disclosures for various public policy purposes and other permitted purposes outlined in the privacyregulations. The privacy regulations provide for significant fines and other penalties for wrongful use or disclosure of protected health information, includingpotential civil and criminal fines and penalties. We have policies and practices that we believe make us compliant with the privacy regulations. Nevertheless, the documentation and process requirements of theprivacy regulations are complex and subject to interpretation. Failure to comply with the privacy regulations could subject us to sanctions or penalties, loss ofbusiness and negative publicity. The privacy regulations establish a “floor” of minimum protection for patients as to their medical information and do not supersede state laws that are morestringent. Therefore, we are required to comply with both HIPAA privacy regulations and various state privacy laws. Although the HIPAA statute and regulationsdo not expressly provide for a private right of action, we could incur damages under state laws to private parties for the wrongful use or disclosure of confidentialhealth information or other private personal information. Internationally, virtually every jurisdiction in which we operate has established its own data security andprivacy legal framework with which we or our customers must comply, including the Data Protection Directive established in the European Union. We may alsoneed to comply with varying and possibly conflicting privacy laws and regulations in other jurisdictions. As a result, we could face regulatory actions, includingsignificant fines or penalties, adverse publicity and possible loss of business. A disruption in our computer networks, including those related to cybersecurity, could adversely affect our financial performance . We rely on our computer networks and systems, some of which are managed by third parties, to manage and store electronic information (including sensitive datasuch as confidential business information and personally identifiable data relating to employees, customers and other business partners), and to manage or support avariety of critical business processes and activities. We may face threats to our networks from unauthorized access, security breaches and other system disruptions.Despite our security measures, our infrastructure may be vulnerable to external or internal attacks. Any such security breach may compromise information storedon our networks and may result in significant data losses or theft of sensitive or proprietary information. A cybersecurity breach could hurt our reputation byadversely affecting the perception of customers and potential customers of the security of their orders and personal information. In addition, a cybersecurity attackcould result in other negative consequences, including disruption of our internal operations, increased cyber security protection costs, lost revenue, regulatoryactions or litigation. Any disruption of could also have a material adverse impact on our operations. To date, we have not experienced any material cybersecurityattacks. 28Table of Contents Our use of biological and hazardous materials and waste requires us to comply with regulatory requirements, including environmental, health and safety laws,regulations and permit requirements and subjects us to significant costs and exposes us to potential liabilities. The handling of materials used in the diagnostic testing process involves the controlled use of biological and hazardous materials and wastes. The primaryhazardous materials we handle or use include human blood samples and solvents. Our business and facilities and those of our suppliers are subject to federal, state,local and foreign laws and regulations relating to the protection of human health and the environment, including those governing the use, manufacture, storage,handling and disposal of, and exposure to, such materials and wastes. In addition, under some environmental laws and regulations, we could be held responsible forcosts relating to any contamination at our past or present facilities and at third-party waste disposal sites even if such contamination was not caused by us. A failureto comply with current or future environmental laws and regulations, including the failure to obtain, maintain or comply with any required permits, could result insevere fines or penalties. Any such expenses or liability could have a significant negative impact on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Inaddition, we may be required to incur significant costs to comply with regulatory requirements in the future. Our business arrangements with customers and third-party payors are subject to applicable anti-kickback, anti- fraud and abuse and other healthcare laws andregulations . If such business arrangements fail to comply with these laws and regulations, we could be exposed to criminal sanctions, civil penalties,contractual damages, reputational harm and diminished profits and future earnings. Healthcare providers, physicians and third-party payors play a primary role in the recommendation and ordering of any product candidates, including our T-SPOT.TB test, for which we obtain marketing approval. Our arrangements with third-party payors and customers may expose us to broadly applicable fraud and abuse andother healthcare laws and regulations that may constrain the business or financial arrangements and relationships through which we market, sell and distribute ourproduct. Restrictions under applicable federal and state healthcare laws and regulations include the following: ●The U.S. federal healthcare anti-kickback statute prohibits, among other things, persons from knowingly and willfully soliciting, offering, receiving orproviding remuneration, directly or indirectly, in cash or in kind, to induce or reward either the referral of an individual for, or the purchase, order orrecommendation of, any good or service, for which payment may be made under federally funded healthcare programs such as Medicare and Medicaid.This statute has been broadly interpreted to apply to manufacturer arrangements with prescribers, purchasers and formulary managers, among others.Several other countries, including the United Kingdom, have enacted similar anti-kickback, fraud and abuse, and healthcare laws and regulations. ●The U.S. False Claims Act imposes criminal and civil penalties against individuals or entities for knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, to thefederal government, claims for payment that are false or fraudulent or making a false statement to avoid, decrease or conceal an obligation to pay moneyto the federal government. ●HIPAA imposes criminal and civil liability for executing a scheme to defraud any healthcare benefit program and also imposes obligations, includingmandatory contractual terms, with respect to safeguarding the privacy, security and transmission of individually identifiable health information. HIPAAalso imposes criminal liability for knowingly and willfully falsifying, concealing or covering up a material fact or making any materially false statement inconnection with the delivery of or payment for healthcare benefits, items or services. ●The federal Physician Payment Sunshine Act requirements under the PPACA require manufacturers of drugs, devices, biologics and medical supplies toreport to HHS information related to payments and other transfers of value made to or at the request of covered recipients, such as physicians and teachinghospitals, and physician ownership and investment interests in such manufacturers. Payments made to physicians and research institutions for clinicaltrials are included within the ambit of this law. Certain state laws and regulations also require the reporting of certain items of value provided to healthcare professionals. ●Analogous state laws and regulations, such as state anti-kickback and false claims laws, may apply to sales or marketing arrangements and claimsinvolving healthcare items or services reimbursed by non-governmental third-party payors, including private insurers. Efforts to ensure that our business arrangements with third parties will comply with applicable healthcare laws and regulations involve substantial costs. We maybe subject to qui tam litigation brought by private individuals on behalf of the government under the U.S. Federal False Claims Act, which would include claims forup to treble damages. Additionally, it is possible that governmental authorities would conclude that our business practices do not comply with current or futurestatutes, regulations or case law involving applicable fraud and abuse or other healthcare laws and regulations. If our operations are found to be in violation of anyof these laws or any other governmental regulations that may apply to us, we may be subject to significant civil, criminal and administrative penalties, damages,fines, exclusion from government funded healthcare programs, such as Medicare and Medicaid, and the curtailment or restructuring of our operations. Exclusion,suspension and debarment from government funded healthcare programs would significantly impact our ability to commercialize, sell or distribute any product. Ifany of the physicians or other providers or entities with whom we expect to do business are found to be not in compliance with applicable laws, they may be subjectto criminal, civil or administrative sanctions, including exclusions from government funded healthcare programs. 29Table of Contents We are subject to the U.K. Bribery Act, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other anti-corruption laws, as well as export control laws, customs laws,sanctions laws and other laws governing our operations. If we fail to comply with these laws, we could be subject to civil or criminal penalties, other remedialmeasures, and legal expenses, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Our operations are subject to anti-corruption laws, including the U.K. Bribery Act 2010, or Bribery Act, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or FCPA, andother anti-corruption laws that apply in countries where we do business. The Bribery Act, FCPA and these other laws generally prohibit us and our employees andintermediaries from bribing, being bribed or making other prohibited payments to government officials or other persons to obtain or retain business or gain someother business advantage. We and our commercial partners operate in a number of jurisdictions that pose a high risk of potential Bribery Act or FCPA violations,and we participate in collaborations and relationships with third parties whose actions could potentially subject us to liability under the Bribery Act, FCPA or localanti-corruption laws. In addition, we cannot predict the nature, scope or effect of future regulatory requirements to which our international operations might besubject or the manner in which existing laws might be administered or interpreted. We are also subject to other laws and regulations governing our international operations, including regulations administered by the governments of the UnitedKingdom and the United States, and authorities in the European Union, including applicable export control regulations, economic sanctions on countries andpersons, customs requirements and currency exchange regulations, collectively referred to as the Trade Control laws. There is no assurance that we will be completely effective in ensuring our compliance with all applicable anti-corruption laws, including the Bribery Act, the FCPAor other legal requirements, including Trade Control laws. If we violate provisions of the Bribery Act, the FCPA or other anti-corruption laws or Trade Controllaws, we may be subject to criminal and civil penalties, disgorgement and other sanctions and remedial measures, and legal expenses, which could have an adverseimpact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. Likewise, any investigation into or audit of us of any potential violations of theBribery Act, the FCPA, other anti-corruption laws or Trade Control laws by U.K., U.S. or other authorities could subject us to fines or criminal or other penalties,which could have an adverse impact on our reputation, our business, results of operations and financial condition. Healthcare reform measures could hinder or prevent the commercial success of our diagnostic tests. In March 2010, President Obama signed into law a legislative overhaul of the U.S. healthcare system, the PPACA, which may have far-reaching consequences formany healthcare companies, including diagnostic companies like us. For example, if reimbursement for our diagnostic tests is substantially less than we or ourclinical laboratory customers expect, our business could be materially and adversely impacted. However, given the results of the November 2016 U.S. presidentialelection, the future of the PPACA is uncertain and at this juncture there will be a period of uncertainty regarding the PPACA’s repeal, modification or replacement,any of which could have long term financial impact on the delivery of and payment for healthcare in the U.S. Regardless of the impact of the PPACA on us, the U.S. government and other governments have shown significant interest in pursuing healthcare reform andreducing healthcare costs. Any government-adopted reform measures could cause significant pressure on the pricing of healthcare products and services, includingour T-SPOT. TB test, in the United States and internationally, as well as the amount of reimbursement available from governmental agencies and other third-partypayors. Actual and anticipated changes to the regulations of the healthcare system may have a negative impact on the cost of healthcare coverage and reimbursementof healthcare services and products. The FDA and comparable agencies in other jurisdictions directly regulate many critical activities of life science, technology, and healthcare industries, includingthe conduct of preclinical and clinical studies, product manufacturing, advertising and promotion, product distribution, adverse event reporting, and product riskmanagement. In both domestic and foreign markets, sales of products depend in part on the availability and amount of reimbursement by third-party payors,including governments and private health plans. Governments may regulate coverage, reimbursement, and pricing of products to control cost or affect utilization ofproducts. Private health plans may also seek to manage cost and utilization by implementing coverage and reimbursement limitations. Substantial uncertainty existsregarding the reimbursement by third-party payors of newly approved healthcare products. The U.S. and foreign governments regularly consider reform measuresthat affect healthcare coverage and costs. Such reforms may include changes to the coverage and reimbursement of healthcare services and products. In particular,there have been recent judicial and Congressional challenges to the PPACA, which could have an impact on coverage and reimbursement for healthcare servicescovered by plans authorized by the PPACA, and we expect there will be additional challenges and amendments to the PPACA in the future. In early 2017,Congress voted in favor of a budget resolution that will produce legislation that, if passed, would repeal certain aspects of the PPACA. Congress is also consideringsubsequent legislation to replace or repeal elements or all of the PPACA. In addition, there have been recent public announcements by members of Congress andthe new presidential administration regarding their plans to repeal and replace the PPACA. Government and other regulatory oversight and future regulatory andgovernment interference with the healthcare systems may adversely impact our business. 30Table of Contents Risks related to our intellectual property. We may be unable to protect or obtain proprietary rights that we utilize or intend to utilize. In developing, manufacturing and using our T-SPOT. TB test, we employ a variety of proprietary and patented technologies, including technologies we licensefrom third parties. We have licensed, and expect to continue to license, various other technologies and methods. We cannot provide any assurance that theintellectual property rights that we own or license provide protection from competitive threats or that we would prevail in any challenge mounted to our intellectualproperty rights. See “Legal Proceedings” for more information. In addition, we cannot provide any assurances that we will be successful in obtaining and retaininglicenses or proprietary or patented technologies in the future. We are unable to predict whether any of our currently pending or future patent applications will result in issued patents, or how long it may take for such patents tobe issued. Further, we cannot predict whether other parties will challenge any patents issued or licensed to us or that courts or administrative agencies will hold ourpatents or the patents we license to be valid and enforceable. We may not be successful in defending challenges made against our patents and patent applications.Any successful third-party challenge to our patents could result in the unenforceability or invalidity of such patents. Both the patent application process and theprocess of managing patent disputes can be time consuming and expensive. The patent positions of life sciences companies can be highly uncertain and involve complex legal and factual questions for which important legal principles remainunresolved. No consistent policy regarding the breadth of claims allowed in such companies’ patents has emerged to date in the United States. Furthermore, in thebiotechnology field, courts frequently render opinions that may affect the patentability of certain inventions or discoveries and the patent positions of companiesengaged in development and commercialization of certain diagnostic tests. Various courts, including the U.S. Supreme Court, have recently rendered decisions thatimpact the scope of patentability of certain inventions or discoveries relating to genomic diagnostics. These decisions generally stand for the proposition thatinventions that recite laws of nature are not themselves patentable unless they have sufficient additional features that provide practical assurance that the processesare genuine inventive applications of those laws rather than patent drafting efforts designed to monopolize the law of nature itself. What constitutes a “sufficient”additional feature is uncertain. While we do not generally rely on gene sequence patents, this evolving case law in the United States may adversely impact ourability to obtain new patents and may facilitate third-party challenges to our existing owned and licensed patents. Changes in either the patent laws or in interpretations of patent laws in the United States or other countries may diminish the value of our intellectual propertyrights. We cannot predict the breadth of claims that may be allowed or enforced in patents we own or in those to which we have license rights. For example: ●the inventor might not have been the first to make the inventions covered by patents we rely on; ●the inventor or his assignee might not have been the first to file patent applications for the claimed inventions; ●others may independently develop similar or alternative products and technologies or duplicate our product and technologies; ●it is possible that the patents we own or license may not provide us with any competitive advantages, or may be challenged and invalidated by thirdparties; ●any patents we obtain or license may expire before, or shortly after, the products and services relating to such patents are commercialized; ●we may not develop additional proprietary products and technologies that are patentable; and ●the patents of others may have an adverse effect on our business. In particular, in September 2011, the U.S. Congress passed the Leahy-Smith America Invents Act, or the AIA, which became effective in March 2013. The AIAreforms U.S. patent law in part by changing the standard for patent approval for certain patents from a “first to invent” standard to a “first to file” standard anddeveloping a post-grant review system. It is too early to determine what the effect or impact the AIA will have on the operation of our business and the protectionand enforcement of our intellectual property. However, the AIA and its implementation could increase the uncertainties and costs surrounding the prosecution ofour patent applications and the enforcement or defense of our issued patents, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our business and financialcondition. Some patent applications in the United States may be maintained in secrecy until the patents are issued, other patent applications in the United States and manyforeign jurisdictions are not published until eighteen months after filing, and publications in the scientific literature often lag behind actual discoveries. Wetherefore cannot be certain that others have not filed patent applications for technology covered by issued patents or pending applications that we own or license orthat we or our licensors, as applicable, were the first to invent the technology (pre-AIA) or first to file (post-AIA). Our competitors may have filed, and may in thefuture file, patent applications covering technology similar or the same as ours. Any such patent application may have priority over patent applications that we ownor license and could further require us to obtain rights to such technologies in order to carry on our business. If another party has filed a U.S. patent application oninventions similar or the same as those that we own or license, we or our licensors may have to participate in an interference or other proceeding in the U.S. Patentand Trademark Office, or PTO, or a court to determine priority of invention in the United States, for pre-AIA applications and patents. For post-AIA applicationsand patents, we or our licensors may have to participate in a derivation proceeding to resolve disputes relating to inventorship. The costs of these proceedings couldbe substantial, and it is possible that such efforts would be unsuccessful, resulting in a loss of our U.S. patent position with respect to such inventions. 31Table of Contents Some of our competitors may be able to sustain the costs of complex patent disputes and litigation more effectively than we can because they have substantiallygreater resources. In addition, any uncertainties resulting from the initiation and continuation of any disputes or litigation could have a material adverse effect onour ability to raise the funds necessary to continue our operations. In addition to pursuing patents on our technology, we seek to protect our intellectual property and proprietary technology by entering into intellectual propertyassignment agreements with our employees, consultants and third-party collaborators. See “—We may be unable to adequately prevent disclosure of trade secretsand other proprietary information, or the misappropriation of the intellectual property we regard as our own.” Our intellectual property rights may not be sufficient to protect our competitive position and to prevent others from manufacturing, using or selling competingproducts. The scope of our owned and licensed intellectual property rights may not be sufficient to prevent others from manufacturing, using or selling competing tests. Forexample, our intellectual property position depends in part on intellectual property that we license from third parties. However, many of the key patents we licenseare expected to expire by 2020. In addition, while many of the licenses we have been granted are exclusive, such rights may be limited to a narrowly defined fieldof use. As a result, our competitors may have obtained or be able to obtain a license to the same intellectual property in a closely related field of use. Finally, wehave also granted sublicenses to third parties under certain of the intellectual property that we license. Such sublicenses may allow third parties or their licensees tomarket a TB test that would otherwise infringe upon such intellectual property. Moreover, competitors could purchase our product and attempt to replicate some or all of the competitive advantages we derive from our development efforts,willfully infringe our intellectual property rights, design around our protected technology or develop their own competitive technologies that fall outside of ourintellectual property rights. If our intellectual property is not adequately protected so as to protect our market against competitors’ products and methods, ourcompetitive position could be adversely affected, as could our business. We depend on certain technologies that are licensed or sublicensed to us. We do not control these technologies and any loss of our rights to them could preventus from selling our product. We rely on licenses in order to be able to use various proprietary technologies that are material to our business. We do not own the patents that underlie theselicenses. Our rights to use these technologies and employ the inventions claimed in the licensed patents are subject to the continuation of and our compliance withthe terms of those licenses. In some cases, we do not control the prosecution, maintenance or filing of the patents to which we hold licenses. Enforcement of our licensed patents or defense ofany claims asserting the invalidity of these patents is often subject to the control or cooperation of our licensors. We cannot be certain that our licensors willprosecute, maintain, enforce and defend the licensed patent rights in a manner consistent with the best interests of our business. We also cannot be certain thatdrafting or prosecution of the licensed patents and patent applications by the licensors have been or will be conducted in compliance with applicable laws andregulations, will result in valid and enforceable patents and other intellectual property rights, or that any issued patents or patents that may issue in the future willprovide any competitive advantage. Certain of our licenses contain provisions that allow the licensor to terminate the license upon specific conditions. Our rights under each of the licenses are subjectto our continued compliance with the terms of the license, including certain diligence, disclosure and confidentiality obligations and the payment of royalties andother fees. If we were found to be in breach of any of our license agreements, in certain circumstances our licensors may take action against us, includingtermination of the applicable license. Because of the complexity of our product and the patents we have licensed, determining the scope of the license and relatedobligations can be difficult and can lead to disputes between us and the licensor. An unfavorable resolution of such a dispute could lead to an increase in theroyalties payable pursuant to the license or termination of the license. If a licensor believed we were not paying the royalties due under the license or wereotherwise not in compliance with the terms of the license, the licensor may have the right to terminate the license or, in certain circumstances, to convert anexclusive license to a non-exclusive one. If such an event were to occur, the value of our product or product candidates could be materially adversely affected, wemight be barred from producing and selling some or all of our products and may be subject to other liabilities. In addition to the above risks, certain of our licensors do not own certain intellectual property included in the license, but instead have licensed such intellectualproperty from a third party, and have granted us a sub-license. As a result, the actions of our licensors or of the ultimate owners of the intellectual property mayaffect our rights to use our sublicensed intellectual property, even if we are in compliance with all of the obligations under our license agreements. For example,one of our licenses comprises a sublicense to us of certain patent rights owned by a third party that is not our direct licensor. If our licensors were to fail to complywith their obligations under the agreements pursuant to which they obtain the rights that are sublicensed to us, or should such agreements be terminated oramended, our ability to produce and sell our product and product candidates may be materially harmed. Finally, the legal issues surrounding the treatment ofintellectual property licenses in bankruptcy proceedings are complex and may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. We therefore cannot provide assurance that wewould not lose some or all of our rights under a license if the applicable licensor was involved in such proceedings. 32Table of Contents We may become involved in disputes relating to our intellectual property rights, and may need to resort to litigation in order to defend and enforce ourintellectual property rights. In addition, we could face claims that our activities or the manufacture, use or sale of our products infringe the intellectualproperty rights of others, which could cause us to pay substantial damages or licensing fees and limit our ability to sell some or all of our products and services. Extensive litigation regarding patents and other intellectual property rights has been common in the medical diagnostics industry. Litigation may be necessary toassert infringement claims, enforce patent rights, protect trade secrets or know-how and determine the enforceability, scope and validity of certain proprietaryrights. Litigation may even be necessary to resolve disputes of inventorship or ownership of proprietary rights. The defense and prosecution of intellectual propertylawsuits, PTO interference or derivation proceedings, and related legal and administrative proceedings (e.g., a reexamination) in the U.S. and internationallyinvolve complex legal and factual questions. As a result, such proceedings are costly and time consuming to pursue, and their outcome is uncertain. See “LegalProceedings” for information regarding one such proceeding. Even if we prevail in such a proceeding, the remedy we obtain may not be commercially meaningful or adequately compensate us for any damages we may havesuffered. If we do not prevail in such a proceeding, our patents could potentially be declared to be invalid, unenforceable or narrowed in scope, or we couldotherwise lose valuable intellectual property rights. Similar proceedings involving the intellectual property we license could also have an impact on our business.For example, the scope of one of the European patents that we license from Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, was recently narrowed as a result of athird-party opposition proceeding before the European Patent Office. The decision is currently under appeal and the outcome of that appeal may adversely affectour competitive position. Further, if any of our other owned or licensed patents are declared invalid, unenforceable or narrowed in scope, our competitive positioncould be adversely affected. In addition, our research, development and commercialization activities, including our T-SPOT. TB test, may infringe or be claimed to infringe patents or otherintellectual property rights owned by other parties. Certain of our competitors and other companies have substantial patent portfolios, and may attempt to use patentlitigation as a means to obtain a competitive advantage or to extract licensing revenue. The risks of being involved in such litigation may also increase as we gaingreater visibility as a public company and as we gain commercial acceptance of our products and move into new markets and applications for our products. Theremay also be patents and patent applications that are relevant to our technologies or tests that we are not aware of. For example, certain relevant patent applicationsmay have been filed but not published. If such patents exist, or if a patent issues on any of such patent applications, that patent could be asserted against us. Inaddition to patent infringement claims, we may also be subject to other claims relating to the violation of intellectual property rights, such as claims that we havemisappropriated trade secrets or infringed third-party trademarks. Regardless of merit or outcome, our involvement in any litigation, interference or other administrative proceedings could cause us to incur substantial expense andcould significantly divert the efforts of our technical and management personnel. Any public announcements related to litigation or interference proceedingsinitiated or threatened against us could cause our share price to decline. An adverse determination, or any actions we take or agreements we enter into in order toresolve or avoid disputes, may subject us to the loss of our proprietary position or to significant liabilities, or require us to seek licenses that may include substantialcost and ongoing royalties. Licenses may not be available from third parties, or may not be obtainable on satisfactory terms. An adverse determination or a failureto obtain necessary licenses may restrict or prevent us from manufacturing and selling our products and offering our services. These outcomes could materiallyharm our business, financial condition and results of operations. We may not be able to adequately protect our intellectual property outside of the United States. The laws of some foreign countries do not protect intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States, and many companies haveencountered significant problems in protecting and defending such rights in foreign jurisdictions. The legal systems of certain countries, particularly certaindeveloping countries, do not favor the enforcement of patents and other intellectual property protection, particularly those relating to biotechnology, which couldmake it difficult for us to stop the infringement of our licensed and owned patents. For example, we are aware that third parties, particularly in China, are currentlyselling TB diagnostic products that we believe are covered by certain patents we license. We do not know whether our licensor will take all necessary steps toenforce its patent rights in China or whether it will obtain effective relief to stop the sale of products that infringe on its patent rights. Proceedings to enforce ourpatent rights in foreign jurisdictions could result in substantial cost and divert our efforts and attention from other aspects of our business. Additionally, prosecutingand maintaining intellectual property (particularly patent) rights are very costly endeavors, and for these and other reasons we may not pursue or obtain patentprotection in all major markets. We do not know whether legal and government fees will increase substantially and therefore are unable to predict whether cost mayfactor into our global intellectual property strategy. 33Table of Contents In addition to the risks associated with patent rights, the laws in some foreign jurisdictions may not provide protection for our trade secrets and other intellectualproperty. If our trade secrets or other intellectual property are misappropriated in foreign jurisdictions, we may be without adequate remedies to address theseissues. Additionally, we also rely on confidentiality and assignment of invention agreements to protect our intellectual property in foreign jurisdictions. Theseagreements may provide for contractual remedies in the event of misappropriation, but we do not know to what extent, if any, these agreements and any remediesfor their breach, will be enforced by a foreign court. In the event our intellectual property is misappropriated or infringed upon and an adequate remedy is notavailable, our future prospects will likely diminish. The sale of products that infringe our intellectual property rights, particularly if such products are offered at alower cost, could negatively impact our ability to achieve commercial success and may materially and adversely harm our business. Our failure to secure trademark registrations could adversely affect our business and our ability to market our product and product candidates. Our trademark applications in the United States and any other jurisdictions where we may file may not be allowed for registration, and our registered trademarksmay not be maintained or enforced. During trademark registration proceedings, we may receive rejections. Although we are given an opportunity to respond tothose rejections, we may be unable to overcome such rejections. In addition, in the PTO and in corresponding foreign agencies, third parties are given anopportunity to oppose pending trademark applications and to seek to cancel registered trademarks. Opposition or cancellation proceedings may be filed against ourapplications and/or registrations, and our applications and/or registrations may not survive such proceedings. Failure to secure such trademark registrations in theUnited States and in foreign jurisdictions could adversely affect our business and our ability to market our product and product candidates. Obtaining and maintaining our patent protection depends upon compliance with various procedural, document submission, fee payment and otherrequirements imposed by governmental patent agencies, and our patent protection could be reduced or eliminated for non-compliance with these requirements. The PTO and various foreign governmental patent agencies require compliance with a number of procedural, documentary, fee payment and other provisionsduring the patent prosecution process and following the issuance of a patent. There are situations in which noncompliance with these requirements can result inabandonment or lapse of a patent or patent application, resulting in partial or complete loss of patent rights in the relevant jurisdiction. In such an event, competitorsmight be able to enter the market earlier than would otherwise have been the case if our patent were in force. We may be unable to adequately prevent disclosure of trade secrets and other proprietary information, or the misappropriation of the intellectual property weregard as our own. We rely on trade secrets to protect our proprietary know-how and technological advances, particularly where we do not believe patent protection is appropriate orobtainable. Nevertheless, trade secrets are difficult to protect. We rely in part on confidentiality agreements with our employees, consultants, third-partycollaborators and other advisors to protect our trade secrets and other proprietary information. These agreements generally require that the other party to theagreement keep confidential and not disclose to third parties all confidential information developed by the party or made known to the party by us during the courseof the party’s relationship with us. These agreements may not effectively prevent disclosure of confidential information and may not provide an adequate remedy inthe event of unauthorized disclosure of confidential information. Monitoring unauthorized disclosure is difficult, and we do not know whether the steps we havetaken to prevent such disclosure are, or will be, adequate. If we were to seek to pursue a claim that a third party had illegally obtained and was using our tradesecrets, it would be expensive and time consuming, and the outcome would be unpredictable. Further, courts outside the United States may be less willing toprotect trade secrets. In addition, others may independently discover our trade secrets and proprietary information. Costly and time-consuming litigation could benecessary to enforce and determine the scope of our proprietary rights. In addition, our trade secrets and proprietary information may be misappropriated as a resultof breaches of our electronic or physical security systems in which case we may have no legal recourse. Failure to obtain, or maintain, trade secret protection couldenable competitors to use our proprietary information to develop products that compete with our product or cause additional, material adverse effects upon ourcompetitive business position. We may be subject to claims that our employees have wrongfully used or disclosed alleged trade secrets of their former employers. As is common in the medical diagnostics industry, we employ individuals who were previously employed at other medical diagnostics companies, including ourcompetitors or potential competitors. We may be subject to claims that these employees or we have inadvertently or otherwise used or disclosed trade secrets orother proprietary information of their former employers. Litigation may be necessary to defend against these claims. Even if we are successful in defending againstthese claims, litigation could result in substantial costs and be a distraction to management. Risks related to our ordinary shares. We are eligible to be treated as an emerging growth company and we cannot be certain that the reduced disclosure requirements applicable to emerging growthcompanies will not make our ordinary shares less attractive to investors. We are an emerging growth company, as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act, or JOBS Act. For as long as we continue to be an emerging growthcompany, we may take advantage of exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not emerging growthcompanies, including (1) not being required to comply with the auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, (2) reduced disclosure obligations regarding executive compensation in our periodic reports and proxy statements and (3) exemptions from therequirements of holding a nonbinding advisory vote on executive compensation and shareholder approval of any golden parachute payments not previouslyapproved. We cannot predict if investors will find our ordinary shares less attractive because we may rely on these exemptions. If some investors find our ordinaryshares less attractive as a result, there may be a less active trading market for our ordinary shares and our share price may be more volatile. 34Table of Contents We could be an emerging growth company for up to five years following our IPO, although certain circumstances could cause us to lose that status earlier,including if the market value of our ordinary shares held by non-affiliates exceeds $700.0 million as of any June 30 in any fiscal year before that time or if we havetotal annual gross revenue of $1.0 billion or more during any fiscal year before that time, in which cases we would no longer be an emerging growth company as ofthe following December 31 or, if we issue more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during any three-year period before that time, we would cease to be anemerging growth company immediately. Under the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies can also delay adopting new or revised accounting standards until such time as those standards apply to privatecompanies. We have irrevocably elected not to avail ourselves of this exemption from new or revised accounting standards and, therefore, will be subject to thesame new or revised accounting standards as other public companies that are not emerging growth companies. Our share price may be volatile. Like other early-stage medical diagnostic companies, the market price of our ordinary shares may be volatile. The factors below may also have a material adverseeffect on the market price of our ordinary shares: ●fluctuations in our results of operations; ●our ability to enter new markets; ●negative publicity; ●changes in securities or industry analyst recommendations regarding our company, the sectors in which we operate, the securities market generally andconditions in the financial markets; ●regulatory developments affecting our industry; ●announcements of studies and reports relating to our products or those of our competitors; ●changes in economic performance or market valuations of our competitors; ●actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly results; ●conditions in the industries in which we operate; ●announcements by us or our competitors of new products, acquisitions, strategic relations, joint ventures or capital commitments; ●additions to or departures of our key executives and employees; ●fluctuations of exchange rates; ●release or expiry of lock-up or other transfer restrictions on our outstanding ordinary shares; and ●sales or perceived sales of additional shares of our ordinary shares. In addition, the equity markets have recently experienced significant volatility, particularly with respect to the securities of life sciences companies. The volatilityof the securities of life sciences companies often does not relate to the operating performance of those companies. As we operate in a single industry, we areespecially vulnerable to these factors to the extent that they affect our industry or our products, or to a lesser extent our markets. In the past, securities class actionlitigation has often been initiated against companies following periods of volatility in their stock price. This type of litigation could result in substantial costs anddivert our management’s attention and resources, and could also require us to make substantial payments to satisfy judgments or to settle litigation. We do not intend to pay cash dividends on our ordinary shares in the foreseeable future. We have never paid dividends on ordinary shares and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends on our ordinary shares in the foreseeable future. Under Englishlaw, any payment of dividends would be subject to relevant legislation and our articles of association, which provide that all dividends must be approved by ourBoard of Directors and, in some cases, our shareholders, and may only be paid from our distributable profits available for the purpose, determined on anunconsolidated basis. Our executive officers, directors, and 5% or greater shareholders and management own a significant percentage of our ordinary shares and will be able toexercise significant influence over matters subject to shareholder approval. Our executive officers, directors, and 5% or greater shareholders beneficially own a substantial percentage of our ordinary shares. For example, based upon theBeneficial Ownership Table filed with the 2016 Proxy Statement, as of April 25, 2016, our executive officers, directors, and 5% or greater shareholders held ofrecord approximately 31% of our outstanding ordinary shares in the aggregate. We expect that these shareholders will be able to exert a significant degree ofinfluence over our management and affairs and over matters requiring shareholder approval, including the election of our Board of Directors and approval ofsignificant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership could have the effect of entrenching our management and/or our Board of Directors, delaying orpreventing a change in our control or otherwise discouraging a potential acquirer from attempting to obtain control of us, which in turn could have a material andadverse effect on the fair market value of our ordinary shares. 35Table of Contents We incur increased costs as a result of being a public company whose ordinary shares are publicly traded in the United States and our management mustdevote substantial time to public company compliance programs. As a public company, we have incurred and will continue to incur significant legal, insurance, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a privatecompany. We intend to continue to invest resources to comply with evolving laws, regulations and standards, and this investment will result in increased generaland administrative expenses and may divert management’s time and attention. If our efforts to comply with new laws, regulations and standards differ from theactivities intended by regulatory or governing bodies due to ambiguities related to practice, regulatory authorities may initiate legal proceedings against us and ourbusiness may be harmed. Our insurance costs have increased, particularly for directors and officers liability insurance. Such costs may further increase in the future,and we may be required to accept reduced coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain coverage. These factors could also make it more difficult for us toattract and retain qualified members of our Board of Directors, particularly to serve on our audit committee and remuneration committee, and qualified executiveofficers. Pursuant to Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, or Section 404, we are required to furnish a report by our management on our internal control over financialreporting, and, once we cease to be an emerging growth company, will be required to include an attestation report on internal control over financial reporting issuedby our independent registered public accounting firm. We cannot assure you that there will not be material weaknesses or significant deficiencies in our internalcontrols in the future. Our ordinary shares are listed on The NASDAQ Global Market, but we cannot guarantee that we will be able to satisfy the continued listing standards goingforward. Although our ordinary shares are listed on The NASDAQ Global Market, we cannot ensure that we will be able to satisfy the continued listing standards of TheNASDAQ Global Market going forward. If we cannot satisfy the continued listing standards going forward, The NASDAQ Stock Market may commence delistingprocedures against us, which could result in our ordinary shares being removed from listing on The NASDAQ Global Market. If our ordinary shares were to bedelisted, the liquidity of our ordinary shares could be adversely affected and the market price of our ordinary shares could decrease. Delisting could also adverselyaffect our shareholders’ ability to trade or obtain quotations on our shares because of lower trading volumes and transaction delays. These factors could contributeto lower prices and larger spreads in the bid and ask price for our ordinary shares. You may also not be able to resell your shares at or above the price you paid forsuch shares or at all. English law and provisions in our articles of association may have anti-takeover effects that could discourage an acquisition of us by others, even if anacquisition would be beneficial to our shareholders, and may prevent attempts by our shareholders to replace or remove our current management. Certain provisions of English law and our articles of association may have the effect of delaying or preventing a change in control of us or changes in ourmanagement. For example, English law and our articles of association include provisions that: ●create a classified Board of Directors whose members serve staggered three-year terms; ●prohibit shareholder action by written resolution; ●establish an advance notice procedure for shareholder approvals to be brought before an annual meeting of our shareholders, including proposednominations of persons for election to our Board of Directors; and ●provide that vacancies on our Board of Directors may be filled only by a majority of directors then in office, even though less than a quorum. These provisions, alone or together, could delay or prevent hostile takeovers and changes in control or changes in our management. See also “—Provisions in theU.K. City Code on Takeovers and Mergers may have anti-takeover effects that could discourage an acquisition of us by others, even if an acquisition would bebeneficial to our shareholders.” Our holding company structure makes us dependent on the operations of our subsidiaries to meet our financial obligations . We are a public limited company organized under the laws of England and Wales and have no significant assets other than our interest in Oxford ImmunotecLimited and its subsidiaries. As a result, we rely exclusively upon payments, dividends and distributions from our direct and indirect subsidiaries for our cashflows. Our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders is dependent on the ability of our subsidiaries to generate sufficient net income and cash flows to payupstream dividends and make loans or loan repayments. However, we have never paid dividends on ordinary shares and do not anticipate paying any cashdividends on our ordinary shares in the foreseeable future. 36Table of Contents Risks related to being an English company listing ordinary shares. U.S. investors may have difficulty enforcing civil liabilities against our company, our directors or members of senior management. We are incorporated under the laws of England and Wales. The rights of holders of our ordinary shares are governed by English law, including the provisions of theCompanies Act 2006, and by our articles of association. These rights differ in certain respects from the rights of shareholders in typical U.S. corporations organizedin Delaware. Many of our directors and officers reside outside the United States, and a substantial portion of our assets and all or a substantial portion of the assetsof such persons are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for you to serve legal process on us or our directors and executive officers orhave any of them appear in a U.S. court. The United States and the United Kingdom do not currently have a treaty providing for the recognition and enforcement ofjudgments, other than arbitration awards, in civil and commercial matters. The enforceability of any judgment of a U.S. federal or state court in the UnitedKingdom will depend on the laws and any treaties in effect at the time, including conflicts of laws principles (such as those bearing on the question of whether aU.K. court would recognize the basis on which a U.S. court had purported to exercise jurisdiction over a defendant). In this context, there is doubt as to theenforceability in the United Kingdom of civil liabilities based solely on the federal securities laws of the United States. In addition, awards for punitive damages inactions brought in the United States or elsewhere may be unenforceable in the United Kingdom. An award for monetary damages under the U.S. securities lawswould likely be considered punitive if it did not seek to compensate the claimant for loss or damage suffered and was intended to punish the defendant. Provisions in the U.K. City Code on Takeovers and Mergers may have anti-takeover effects that could discourage an acquisition of us by others, even if anacquisition would be beneficial to our shareholders. The U.K. City Code on Takeovers and Mergers, or the Takeover Code, applies, among other things, to an offer for a public company whose registered office is inthe United Kingdom (or the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man) and whose securities are not admitted to trading on a regulated market in the United Kingdom (orthe Channel Islands or the Isle of Man) if the company is considered by the Panel on Takeovers and Mergers, or the Takeover Panel, to have its place of centralmanagement and control in the United Kingdom (or the Channel Islands or the Isle of Man). This is known as the “residency test.” The test for central managementand control under the Takeover Code is different from that used by the U.K. tax authorities. Under the Takeover Code, the Takeover Panel will determine whetherwe have our place of central management and control in the United Kingdom by looking at various factors, including the structure of our Board of Directors, thefunctions of the directors and where they are resident. If at the time of a takeover offer the Takeover Panel determines that we have our place of central management and control in the United Kingdom, we would besubject to a number of rules and restrictions, including but not limited to the following: (1) our ability to enter into deal protection arrangements with a bidderwould be extremely limited; (2) we might not, without the approval of our shareholders, be able to perform certain actions that could have the effect of frustratingan offer, such as issuing shares or carrying out acquisitions or disposals; and (3) we would be obliged to provide equality of information to all bona fide competingbidders. If we are a passive foreign investment company, U.S. investors in our ordinary shares could be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences. The rules governing passive foreign investment companies, or PFICs, can have adverse effects for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The tests for determiningPFIC status for a taxable year depend upon the relative values of certain categories of assets and the relative amounts of certain kinds of income. We do not believethat we are currently a PFIC, and we do not anticipate becoming a PFIC in the foreseeable future. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the determination of whether weare a PFIC depends on the particular facts and circumstances (such as the valuation of our assets, including goodwill and other intangible assets) and may also beaffected by the application of the PFIC rules, which are subject to differing interpretations. The fair market value of our assets is expected to depend, in part, upon(a) the market price of our ordinary shares and (b) the composition of our income and assets, which will be affected by how, and how quickly, we spend any cashthat is raised in any financing transaction. In light of the foregoing, no assurance can be provided that we are not currently a PFIC or that we will not become aPFIC in any future taxable year. If we are a PFIC, U.S. holders of our ordinary shares would be subject to adverse U.S. federal income tax consequences, such as ineligibility for any preferred taxrates on capital gains or on actual or deemed dividends, interest charges on certain taxes treated as deferred, and additional reporting requirements under U.S.federal income tax laws and regulations. Whether or not U.S. holders of our ordinary shares make a timely qualified electing fund, or QEF, election or mark-to-market election may affect the U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. holders with respect to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of our ordinaryshares and any distributions such U.S. holders may receive. Investors should consult their own tax advisors regarding all aspects of the application of the PFICrules to our ordinary shares. 37Table of Contents U.S. holders of 10% or more of the voting power of our ordinary shares may be subject to U.S. federal income taxation at ordinary income tax rates onundistributed earnings and profits. There is a risk that we will be classified as a controlled foreign corporation, or CFC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We will generally be classified as a CFCif more than 50% of our outstanding shares, measured by reference to voting power or value, are owned (directly, indirectly or by attribution) by “U.S.Shareholders.” For this purpose, a “U.S. Shareholder” is any U.S. person that owns directly, indirectly or by attribution, 10% or more of the voting power of ouroutstanding shares. If we are classified as a CFC, a U.S. Shareholder may be subject to U.S. income taxation at ordinary income tax rates on all or a portion of ourundistributed earnings and profits attributable to “subpart F income” and may also be subject to tax at ordinary income tax rates on any gain realized on a sale ofordinary shares, to the extent of our current and accumulated earnings and profits attributable to such shares. The CFC rules are complex and U.S. Shareholders ofthe ordinary shares are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the possible application of the CFC rules to them in their particular circumstances. I tem 1B . Unresolved Staff Comments None. Item 2. Prop erties Our U.K. corporate headquarters and operations, including our laboratory facility, are located in Abingdon, England, where we currently lease approximately 9,700square feet of office space, 2,800 square feet of manufacturing space, 2,100 square feet of laboratory space, and 6,400 square feet of storage/warehouse space. Theleases on these facilities expire in 2019, with the exception of the storage/warehouse space which expires in 2025. Our current rents under these leases are $370,000annually for the office, $103,000 annually for the manufacturing space, $83,000 annually for the laboratory, and $72,000 annually for the storage/warehouse space,each of which are subject to change. Our U.S. corporate headquarters is located in Marlborough, Massachusetts. In August 2015, we entered into a lease amendment on this location to extend the termof the lease by two years through October 31, 2020. In addition, beginning in March 2016, the lease amendment expanded our office space at this location by 7,600square feet to a new total of 22,100 square feet. The base rent for the combined space over the lease term will range from an initial low of $36,000 per month,which includes $12,000 per month for the expansion space commencing in early 2016, to a high of $39,000 per month. We will have an option to extend the leasefor one additional term of five years. Our main U.S. laboratory facility is located in Memphis, Tennessee, where we currently lease approximately 35,000 squarefeet of space. The lease on this facility expires in 2021. Our current rent under this lease is $150,000 annually, subject to annual increases. The two laboratoryfacilities acquired in 2016 are located in Norwood and Boston, Massachusetts. We currently lease approximately 22,000 square feet of space in Norwood andapproximately 18,000 square feet in Boston. The Norwood lease expires in 2021, while the Boston lease expires in 2018. Our current rent under the Norwood leaseis $412,000 annually, subject to annual increases. Our current rent under the Boston lease is $263,000 annually. We believe that our current facilities are suitable and adequate to meet our current needs and that suitable additional or substitute space will be available toaccommodate future growth of our business. Item 3. Legal Proceedings On August 10, 2015, Oxford Immunotec Limited, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Oxford Immunotec Global PLC, filed suit in the United States District Court forthe District of Massachusetts against Qiagen N.V., Qiagen Inc., Quest Diagnostics LLC, and Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings alleging claims of patentinfringement and seeking monetary and injunctive relief. The complaint alleges that the defendants’ manufacture, sale and/or use of the QuantiFERON-TB Goldtest infringes patents owned by Oxford Immunotec Limited. Trial is set for January 16, 2018. We can provide no assurance as to the likely outcome of thelitigation. Item 4 . Mine Safety Disclosures Not applicable. 38Table of Contents PAR T II Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Market Information Our ordinary shares trade on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “OXFD.” The price range per share reflected in the table below is the high and lowsales prices of our ordinary shares as reported by NASDAQ (rounded to the nearest penny) for the periods presented. Year endedDecember 31, 2016 Year endedDecember 31, 2015 High Low High Low First quarter $12.13 $8.45 $15.04 $11.36 Second quarter 11.91 8.50 14.85 11.63 Third quarter 12.99 7.73 14.99 10.41 Fourth quarter 15.18 11.88 14.25 11.08 Shareholders On February 1, 2017, there were 10 shareholders of record of our ordinary shares. This number does not include shareholders for whom shares were held in a“nominee” or “street” name. On February 21, 2017, the last reported sale price per share of our ordinary shares on The NASDAQ Global Market was $13.45. Dividends We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our ordinary shares. We currently intend to retain all available funds and future earnings, if any, to fund thedevelopment and expansion of our business and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination as to thedeclaration and payment of dividends, if any, will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on then existing conditions, including ourresults of operations, financial conditions, contractual restrictions, capital requirements, business prospects and other factors our Board of Directors may deemrelevant. Under English law, we may pay dividends only out of our accumulated, realized profits, so far as not previously utilized by distribution or capitalization,less our accumulated, realized losses, so far as not previously written off in a reduction or reorganization of capital duly made. Because we are a holding companyand have no direct operations, we will only be able to pay dividends from our available cash on hand and any funds we receive from our subsidiaries. The following graph compares the cumulative total shareholder return on our ordinary shares with that of the Nasdaq Composite Index and the S&P Smallcap 600Healthcare Index. The comparison assumes that $100.00 was invested at the close of market on November 22, 2013 in our ordinary shares or on October 31, 2013in the Nasdaq Composite Index and the S&P Smallcap 600 Healthcare Index, and assumes reinvestment of dividends, if any. The performance graph is based onhistorical results and is not intended to suggest future performance. 39Table of Contents This performance graph is being furnished pursuant to SEC rules and will not be incorporated by reference into any filing under the Securities Act or the ExchangeAct except to the extent we specifically incorporate it by reference. Item 6. Selected Consolidated Financial Data The following tables summarize our consolidated financial and other data. The consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2016,2015 and 2014 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statementsappearing elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We derived the consolidated statements of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2013 and2012 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 from our audited consolidated financial statements not included in thisAnnual Report on Form 10-K. On October 2, 2013, we completed a scheme of arrangement under the laws of England and Wales, or the Scheme of Arrangement, which was approved by theHigh Court of Justice in England and Wales. Prior to the Scheme of Arrangement, our business was conducted by Oxford Immunotec Limited and its consolidatedsubsidiaries. Following the Scheme of Arrangement, our business has been conducted by Oxford Immunotec Global PLC and its consolidated subsidiaries,including Oxford Immunotec Limited. 40Table of Contents We have prepared the unaudited consolidated financial information presented below on the same basis as our audited consolidated financial statements. Theunaudited consolidated financial information includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments that are necessary for a fair presentation ofour financial position and results of operations for these periods. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected in thefuture. You should read the following selected financial data together with “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations”and our financial statements and accompanying notes included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The selected financial data in this section are notintended to replace our financial statements and the accompanying notes. Year ended December 31, (in thousands, except share and per share data) 201 6 201 5 201 4 2013 (1) 2012 Consolidated statement of operations data: Revenue $86,078 $62,782 $49,505 $38,784 $20,685 Cost of revenue 39,472 29,544 24,009 18,600 12,424 Gross profit 46,606 33,238 25,496 20,184 8,261 Operating expenses: Research and development 13,881 10,381 6,961 2,146 1,947 Sales and marketing 34,964 30,402 25,487 13,270 11,177 General and administrative 23,181 16,010 14,837 12,119 8,068 Change in fair value of contingent purchase price consideration (1,208) 202 72 — — Intangible assets impairment charges 1,765 419 — — — Total operating expenses 72,583 57,414 47,357 27,535 21,192 Loss from operations (25,977) (24,176) (21,861) (7,351) (12,931)Other expense (146) (156) (159) (1,221) (2,103)Loss before income taxes (26,123) (24,332) (22,020) (8,572) (15,034) Income tax benefit (expense) 3,774 (146) (154) (92) 151 Net loss $(22,349) $(24,478) $(22,174) $(8,664) $(14,883) Net loss per share attributable to ordinary shareholders, basic anddiluted $(1.00) $(1.12) $(1.28) $(2.26) $(8.44)Weighted-average shares used to compute net loss attributable toordinary shareholders, basic and diluted 22,353,713 21,781,933 17,310,148 3,830,837 1,763,728 Supplemental financial metric: Adjusted EBITDA (2) $(18,469) $(18,167) $(17,664) $(6,008) $(12,131) (1)Net loss includes $1.9 million of accounting and auditing costs related to our registration statement on Form S-1, filed in connection with our IPO. (2)Adjusted EBITDA is a non-Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or non-GAAP, financial measure that we calculate as profit (loss), adjusted fortax benefit (expense), interest expense, net, depreciation and amortization, share-based compensation, unrealized exchange fluctuations, loss on change in fairvalue of warrants, loss on change in fair value of derivative instrument, change in fair value of contingent purchase price consideration, and intangible assetsimpairment charges. We believe that Adjusted EBITDA provides useful information to investors and analysts in understanding and evaluating our operatingresults in the same manner as our management and Board of Directors. Our presentation of Adjusted EBITDA is not made in accordance with U.S. GAAP, andour computation of Adjusted EBITDA may vary from others in the industry. Our use of Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool, and you shouldnot consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under U.S. GAAP. For example, Adjusted EBITDA does not reflect theimpact of earnings or charges resulting from matters that we consider not to be indicative of our ongoing operations. 41Table of Contents As of December 31, 20 16 20 15 201 4 201 3 201 2 Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: Cash and cash equivalents $59,110 $83,715 $50,165 $76,494 $12,578 Total assets 124,012 109,852 73,849 92,744 25,483 Total liabilities 51,048 17,160 13,240 11,992 8,534 Total shareholders’ equity 72,964 92,692 60,609 80,752 16,949 Shares outstanding: Preferred ordinary shares — — — — 7,301,371 Ordinary shares 22,635,431 22,549,488 17,614,650 17,255,267 2,153,974 The following table presents a reconciliation of net loss, the most comparable U.S. GAAP measure, to EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA for each of the periodsindicated: Reconciliation of net loss to Adjusted EBITDA (unaudited) Year Ended December 31, (in thousands) 20 16 20 15 20 14 201 3 201 2 Reconciliation of net loss to a djusted EBITDA Net loss $(22,349) $(24,478) $(22,174) $(8,664) $(14,883)Income tax (benefit) expense (3,774) 146 154 92 (151)Interest expense, net 864 67 52 328 1,477 Depreciation and amortization 3,094 2,142 1,742 1,101 801 EBITDA (22,165) (22,123) (20,226) (7,143) (12,756)Reconciling items: Share-based compensation expense 5,019 3,485 2,521 140 79 Unrealized exchange (gains) losses (1,880) (150) (53) 155 546 Loss on change in fair value of warrants — — 22 279 — Loss on change in fair value of derivative instrument — — — 561 — Change in fair value of contingent purchase price consideration (1,208) 202 72 — — Intangible asset impairment charges 1,765 419 — — — Adjusted EBITDA $(18,469) $(18,167) $(17,664) $(6,008) $(12,131) (1)EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are non-GAAP measures that we calculate as net loss, adjusted for the impact of earnings or charges resulting from mattersthat we consider not to be indicative of our ongoing operations. We believe that these measures provide useful information to investors in understanding andevaluating our operating results in the same manner as our management and Board of Directors. Our presentation of these measures is not made in accordancewith U.S. GAAP, and our computation of these measures may vary from others in the industry. Our use of these measures has limitations as an analytical tool,and you should not consider it in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported under U.S. GAAP. 42(1)Table of Contents I tem 7 . Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our consolidated financialstatements and the related notes to those statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. In addition to our historical consolidated financialinformation, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates, beliefs and expectations. Our actual results and thetiming of events could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differencesinclude those discussed below and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, particularly in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors.” Overview We are a global, high-growth diagnostics company focused on developing and commercializing proprietary tests for under-served immune-regulated conditions.Our current product lines and development activities principally focus on four areas: infectious diseases, transplantation, autoimmune and inflammatory disease andimmune-oncology. We believe these areas are particularly attractive because they involve large patient populations and chronic conditions that present theopportunity for both initial diagnosis and additional testing to monitor the conditions. These immune-regulated conditions also tend to be characterized by widevariation in presentation and progression and often require expensive therapies, making diagnostic tests that can better categorize patients and inform treatmentpathways particularly useful and cost-effective. Lastly, we believe these conditions to be under-served as the industry lacks the appropriate techniques to prosecutethe immune responses which are driving these conditions. On July 1, 2016, we acquired substantially all of the assets of Imugen, Inc., or Imugen, a privately owned Massachusetts corporation specializing in developing andcommercializing proprietary tests for tick-borne diseases, including Lyme disease. On October 12, 2016, we acquired Immunetics, Inc., or Immunetics, a privately owned Massachusetts corporation focused on developing specialized tests forinfectious diseases, including tick-borne diseases, such as Lyme disease. Total consideration consisted of $6 million in cash and up to an additional $6 million incash payable on the achievement of certain revenue thresholds and pipeline related milestones over the next three years. Our first product, the T-SPOT . TB test, is used to test for tuberculosis, or TB, infection and leverages our proprietary T-SPOT technology platform, which allowsus to measure the response of specific immune cells to inform the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of patients with immune-regulated conditions. Our T-SPOT.TB test has been approved for sale in over 50 countries, including the United States, where we have received premarket approval, or PMA, from the Food and DrugAdministration, or FDA, in Europe, where we have obtained a CE mark, as well as in Japan and China. Interferon-gamma release assays, or IGRAs, such as our T-SPOT. TB test have been included in clinical guidelines for TB testing in at least 34 countries, including the United States, several European countries and Japan. Inaddition, we have established reimbursement for our test in the United States, as well as a Current Procedural Terminology, or CPT, code that is unique to our test.Outside the United States, we have established reimbursement in several countries where reimbursement applies, including Japan, Switzerland and Germany. Wehave also established the cost-effectiveness of our test in several published studies. Our second product line is a range of assays for tick-borne diseases, such as Lyme disease, obtained through the acquisitions of Imugen and Immunetics, in 2016.Tick-borne disease is the collective name for diseases passed to humans through the bite of an infected tick. The most prevalent and well known tick-borne diseaseis Lyme disease, but there are others such as anaplasmosis, ehrlichiosis, and babesiosis. If left unrecognised, and therefore untreated, they may go on to causesignificant downstream morbidity, including in rare cases death. Our diagnostic tests for tick-borne infections include multiple proprietary laboratory developedtests, or LDTs, offered from our Clinical and Laboratory Improvement Amendments, or CLIA, certified and College of American Pathologists, or CAP, accreditedlaboratory in Massachusetts and an FDA cleared test kit utilizing the C6 peptide, which is a marker specific to Lyme disease. Our C6 Lyme ELISA kit is also CEmarked in the European Union. Our tick-borne disease tests utilize molecular methods (such as polymerase chain reaction) and techniques to prosecute the immunesystem, and offer advantages over current tests and are widely reimbursed in the U.S. using existing codes on fee schedules. Our third product line is a series of assays for use in blood screening, building upon our expertise in tick-borne disease. The parasite Babesia microti which causesbabesiosis can be transmitted through the transfusion of infected blood, as well as by the bite of an infected tick. We are developing three assays for use inscreening the U.S. blood supply for Babesia microti. We have submitted biological license applications for these three assays and they are currently under reviewby the FDA. Babesiosis is a tick-borne disease characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical manifestations that range from asymptomatic to severe acute or even fatal illness.While the disease is generally mild to moderate in children and young healthy adults, it is more severe in neonates, the elderly and immunocompromisedindividuals such as those undergoing treatment for cancer. Babesiosis is predominately caused by a parasite called Babesia microti . While it is primarilytransmitted through a tick bite, babesiosis can also be transmitted by blood transfusion. In fact, transfusion-transmitted babesiosis is responsible for the highestpercentage (38%) of tranfusion-related infectious fatalities reported to the FDA in transfusion recipients and Babesia microsi is the highest ranking pathogen in theU.S. transmitted by blood tranfusion for which no donor screening is available. The transmission risk of Babesia microti is comparable to the transmission risk ofHIV, HBV, and HCV prior to the implementation of routine blood screening programs for these pathogens. Screening for Babesia microti , therefore, has become apriority for the FDA. 43® Table of Contents Our T-SPOT. CMV and T-SPOT. PRT tests are part of our fourth product line focused on the transplantation market. Both tests utilize our T-SPOT technologyplatform and are laboratory developed tests, or LDTs, performed in our CLIA certified, CAP accredited laboratory in Tennessee. Both the T-SPOT. CMV and T-SPOT. PRT tests are CE marked in the European Union. The T-SPOT. CMV test measures the strength of a patient’s cellular immune response to CMV specificantigens and provides information that may be useful in informing management strategies of patients at risk of CMV infection and disease, such as transplantpatients. The T-SPOT. PRT test assesses a solid organ transplant candidate's T cell response to foreign tissue, or alloreactivity, and may help clinicians identifypatients at increased risk of T cell mediated rejection post-transplant. We continue to take a measured approach to market introduction of these tests as we awaitfinal results of our two pivotal clinical studies involving these tests. In addition to our existing product lines, we continue to pursue development programs targeting other immune-regulated conditions, as well as applications of ourT-SPOT technology platform in immune-oncology. Product development activities are inherently uncertain, and there can be no assurance that we will be able toobtain regulatory body clearance to market any of our products, or if we obtain clearances that we will successfully commercialize any of our products. In addition,we may terminate our development efforts with respect to one or more of our products under development at any time, including before or during clinical trials. We have incurred significant losses from inception and as of December 31, 2016 had an accumulated deficit of $168.7 million. We anticipate that our operatinglosses will continue for the next few years as we continue to invest to grow our customer base and invest in research and development to expand our productportfolio. Our revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $86.1 million, for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $62.8 million, and for the year endedDecember 31, 2014 was $49.5 million. Our net loss for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $22.3 million, for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $24.5million, and for the year ended December 31, 2014 was $22.2 million. Financial operations overview Revenue We generate revenue from sales associated with our T-SPOT technology platform via our direct sales force and also through distributors. Our T-SPOT. TB test isour first commercialized product based on this technology and accounted for more than 91 % of total revenue in 2016. In addition, U.S. results for 2016 includerevenue from assays for tick-borne diseases, such as Lyme disease, obtained through our acquisitions of Imugen and Immunetics in 2016. Revenue mix We currently offer our T-SPOT. TB test as both an in vitro diagnostic kit and a service. In the former, we sell test kits and associated accessories to distributors forresale and directly to institutions and laboratories that perform TB testing. In the latter, we have established clinical testing laboratories in the United States and theUnited Kingdom, where we perform our T-SPOT. TB test on samples sent to us by customers. In these markets, we have found that many of our customers prefer tosend samples to us rather than perform their own analysis on-site. Our U.S. business derived 96% of our revenue from our service offering, as opposed to kit sales, for each of the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014.These results reflect our experience that our U.S. customers prefer to send IGRA tests out for processing and analysis rather than run them in-house. For themajority of our U.S. customers in the hospital and public health segments, TB testing programs are funded primarily from institutional budgets. We receivepayment from these customers according to our pre-negotiated prices. For other segments of the U.S. market (notably, for example, the physicians’ office segment)third-party reimbursement is often available to cover the cost of our T-SPOT. TB test. In addition, U.S. results for 2016 include revenue from operations acquiredfrom Imugen, which is 100% U.S. service revenue, and from Immunetics, which is 100% product revenue. Outside the United States, we derived 94%, 92% and 91% of our revenue from the sale of our in vitro diagnostic kits and associated accessories for the years endedDecember 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. For the majority of our customers outside the United States, we primarily negotiate pricing directly with ourcustomers; our prices are influenced to some degree by the mechanism and level of funding our customers receive for performing tests for TB infection. Year ended December 31, (in thousands) 201 6 201 5 2014 Revenue Product $36,430 $30,207 $25,407 Service 49,648 32,575 24,098 Total revenue $86,078 $62,782 $49,505 44Table of Contents Revenue by indication With the acquisitions of Imugen and Immunetics, we evolved from a single-product company to a multi-product company in 2016. By indication, total revenueswere as summarized in the table below. Year ended December 31, (in thousands) 2016 2015 2014 Revenue Tuberculosis $78,636 $62,782 $49,505 Tick-borne disease and other 7,442 — — Total revenue $86,078 $62,782 $49,505 Revenue by geography We have a direct sales force in the United States, certain European countries and Japan and market development personnel in China and Korea. In parts of theworld where we do not maintain a direct sales force, we market and sell our products through distributors. As a result, our revenue is denominated in multiplecurrencies. We intend to expand our sales force globally and establish additional distributor relationships outside of our direct markets to better access theseinternational markets. The following table reflects total revenue by geography (United States, Europe and rest of world, or Europe and ROW, and Asia) and as a percentage of totalproduct revenue, based on the billing address of our customers. Revenue from operations acquired from Imugen and Immunetics are included in United Statesrevenue from their respective acquisition dates. Year ended December 31, (in thousands, except percentages) 201 6 201 5 201 4 Revenue United States $49,462 58% $31,362 50% $22,537 46%Europe & ROW 6,988 8% 7,067 11% 7,219 14%Asia 29,628 34% 24,353 39% 19,749 40%Total revenue $86,078 100% $62,782 100% $49,505 100% Cost of revenue and operating expenses Cost of revenue and gross margin Cost of revenue consists of direct labor expenses, including employee benefits and share-based compensation expenses, overhead expenses, material costs, cost oflaboratory supplies, freight costs, royalties paid under license agreements, depreciation of laboratory equipment and leasehold improvements and, in 2015 and2014, the U.S. medical device excise tax. The U.S. Consolidated Appropriations Act of 2016, signed into law on December 18, 2015, includes a two yearmoratorium on the medical device excise tax imposed by Internal Revenue Code section 4191. Thus, the medical device excise tax does not apply to our U.S. salesduring the period from January 1, 2016 through December 31, 2017. We expect our overall cost of revenue to increase as we continue to increase our volume of kits manufactured and tests performed. However, we also believe thatthrough these increased volumes, we can achieve certain efficiencies in our manufacturing and laboratory operations that could help maintain or improve ouroverall margins. During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, our cost of revenue represented 46%, 47% and 48%, respectively, of our total revenue. Year ended December 31, (in thousands) 201 6 201 5 201 4 Cost of r evenue Product $13,956 $13,297 $11,225 Service 25,516 16,247 12,784 Total cost of revenue $39,472 $29,544 $24,009 Our gross profit represents total revenue less total cost of revenue, and gross margin is gross profit expressed as a percentage of total revenue. Our gross marginswere 54%, 53% and 52%, respectively, for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014. All cost of revenue from operations acquired from Imugen andImmunetics are reflected in service cost of revenue and product cost of revenue, respectively. Research and development expenses Our research and development efforts have historically focused on developing multiple new diagnostic tests that use our quantitative T cell measurementtechnology, including assays that may help transplant physicians better manage patients at risk of rejection and infection. With the acquisition of BoulderDiagnostics, Inc., or Boulder, in July 2014, we expanded our research and development efforts to include the development of immunology-based assays forautoimmune and inflammatory conditions. On July 1, 2016, we completed our acquisition of substantially all of the assets of Imugen, a privately ownedMassachusetts corporation focused on the development and performance of tests for tick-borne diseases. Additionally, on October 12, 2016, we acquiredImmunetics, a Massachusetts based diagnostics company focused on developing specialized tests for infectious diseases, including tick-borne diseases, such asLyme disease. Our research and development activities include performing research, development, clinical and regulatory activities and validating improvements to ourtechnology and processes for the purposes of enhancing product performance. Research and development expenses include personnel-related expenses, includingshare-based compensation, fees for contractual and consulting services, clinical trial costs, travel costs, laboratory supplies, amortization, depreciation, rent,insurance and repairs and maintenance. We have supported the continued growth of our T-SPOT. TB business and expanded the team focused on the developmentof new products through management of clinical trial programs. In addition, we are expanding our research and development efforts in the United Kingdom and inthe United States. We expense all research and development costs as incurred. 45Table of Contents During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, our research and development expenses represented 16%, 17% and 14%, respectively, of our totalrevenue. Although research and development expense, as a percentage of revenue, has declined in 2016 compared to 2015, spending has increased in absoluteterms primarily related to clinical trials, including the PROTECT clinical trial, which is a pivotal clinical trial designed to demonstrate the clinical value of our T-SPOT. CMV and T-SPOT. PRT tests, and the REACT clinical trial, which focuses on the clinical value of our T-SPOT. CMV test for stem cell transplant patients.The increases also include development project expenses related to our transplant program and the hiring of personnel in the United States to support developmentprograms and projects acquired in the Boulder, Imugen and Immunetics acquisitions. Sales and marketing expenses Our sales and marketing expenses include costs associated with our sales organization, including our direct sales force and sales management, and our marketing,customer service and business development personnel. These expenses consist principally of salaries, commissions, bonuses and employee benefits for thesepersonnel, including share-based compensation, as well as travel costs related to sales, marketing, customer service activities, medical education activities andoverhead expenses. We expense all sales and marketing costs as incurred. During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, our sales and marketing expenses represented 41%, 49% and 51%, respectively, of our total revenue.Although sales and marketing expense, as a percentage of revenue, has declined in 2016 compared to 2015, spending has increased in absolute terms as we haveexpanded our sales force, business development activities, geographic presence and marketing and medical education programs to increase awareness and adoptionof our current T-SPOT. TB and tick-borne disease tests and future products. General and administrative expenses Our general and administrative expenses include costs for our executive, accounting and finance, legal, information technology, or IT, and human resourcesfunctions. These expenses consist principally of salaries, bonuses and employee benefits for the personnel included in these functions, including share-basedcompensation and travel costs, professional services fees, such as consulting, audit, tax and legal fees, costs related to our Board of Directors, general corporatecosts, overhead expenses, and bad debt expense. We expense all general and administrative expenses as incurred. During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, our general and administrative expenses represented 27%, 26% and 30%, respectively, of our totalrevenue. Although general and administrative expense, as a percentage of revenue, has remained relatively flat in 2016 compared to 2015, spending has increasedin absolute terms largely as a result of higher salary and other employee related expenses and professional fees. General and administrative expenses for 2016 included $475,000 in legal and accounting fees related to our July 1, 2016 acquisition of Imugen and $655,000 inlegal and accounting fees related to our October 12, 2016 acquisition of Immunetics. Change in fair value of contingent purchase price consideration During the fourth quarter of 2016, we made the strategic decision to end our GoutiFind program. GoutiFind was a blood test designed to allow for early diagnosisand better inform therapies by measuring the strength of the underlying uric acid induced inflammation. As a result of this decision, we wrote-off the relatedliability for contingent purchase price consideration in the amount of $ 901,000. During the same quarter, we determined that the SpiroFind assay developed usingIPR&D from Boulder would not qualify for future milestone payments. Due to this fact, we wrote-off the related contingent purchase price consideration liabilityof $551,000. The charge of $202,000 in 2015 related to the change in the fair value of contingent purchase price consideration resulting from the acquisition ofBoulder in July 2014. Intangible assets impairment charges During the fourth quarter of 2016, in conjunction with the strategic decision to end our GoutiFind program, we recorded a non-cash IPR&D impairment charge of$270,000. Also during the fourth quarter of 2016, we recorded a non-cash IPR&D impairment charge of $1.4 million related to an assay for Lyme disease that wasacquired in conjunction with the Boulder acquisition, when it was determined that the Boulder IPR&D will not directly yield any products. The charge in 2015mainly related to the timeline for the development of an assay to inform decisions regarding biologic therapies that was acquired as part of the Boulder acquisitionthat was changed due to delays in the completion of research studies. Based upon the changed timeline and the resulting impact on fair value, we recorded a non-cash IPR&D impairment charge of $385,000. 46Table of Contents Other income (expense) Other income (expense) includes interest expense, net, foreign exchange gains/(losses) and other income and expense items. Monetary assets and liabilities that are denominated in foreign currencies are remeasured at the period-end closing rate with resulting unrealized exchangefluctuations. Realized exchange fluctuations result from the settlement of transactions in currencies other than the functional currencies of our businesses. Thefunctional currencies of our businesses are U.S. Dollars, Pounds Sterling, Euros, Yen and the Yuan, depending on the entity. Results of operations Comparison of years ended December 31, 201 6 and 201 5 The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the amounts of certain components of our statements of operations and the percentage of total revenuerepresented by these items, showing period-to-period changes. Year ended December 31, 2016 2015 Change (in thousands, exceptpercentages) Amount % of revenue Amount % of revenue Amount % Revenue: Product $36,430 42% $30,207 48% $6,223 21%Service 49,648 58% 32,575 52% 17,073 52%Total revenue 86,078 100% 62,782 100% 23,296 37% Cost of revenue: Product 13,956 16% 13,297 21% 659 5%Service 25,516 30% 16,247 26% 9,269 57%Total cost of revenue 39,472 46% 29,544 47% 9,928 34%Gross profit 46,606 54% 33,238 53% 13,368 40% Operating expenses: Research and development 13,881 16% 10,381 17% 3,500 34%Sales and marketing 34,964 41% 30,402 48% 4,562 15%General and administrative 23,181 27% 16,010 26% 7,171 45%Change in fair value of contingentpurchase price consideration (1,208) (1)% 202 0% (1,410) (698)%Intangible assets impairment charges 1,765 2% 419 1% 1,346 321%Total operating expenses 72,583 84% 57,414 91% 15,169 26% Loss from operations (25,977) (30)% (24,176) (39)% (1,801) 7% Interest expense, net (864) (1)% (67) (0)% (797) 1,190%Foreign exchange gains (losses) 1,364 2% (143) (0)% 1,507 (1,054)%Other (expense) income (646) (1)% 54 0% (700) (1,296)%Loss before income taxes (26,123) (30)% (24,332) (39)% (1,791) 7%Income tax benefit (expense) 3,774 4% (146) (0)% 3,920 2,685%Net loss $(22,349) (26)% $(24,478) (39)% $2,129 (9)% 47Table of Contents Revenue Revenue increased by 37% to $86.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to $62.8 million for the same period in 2015. This increase in revenuewas due to an increase in volumes across all regions where we sell our T-SPOT. TB tests and to the addition of our tick-borne disease tests. U.S. revenue grew by 58%, to $49.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, compared to the same period in 2015, driven by T-SPOT. TB test growth of$5.8 million from the addition of new customers and $4.9 million from existing customers. In addition, revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016 includedtick-borne and other revenue of $7.4 million. Asia revenue grew by 22%, to $29.6 million, compared to the same period in 2015, due primarily to an increase in volumes that led to higher revenue in Japan andChina. On a non-Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or non-GAAP, constant currency basis, revenue for Asia would have increased by 15%. Europe &ROW revenue decreased by 1%, to $7.0 million, compared to the same period in 2015, due primarily to changes in currency rates. On a non-GAAP constantcurrency basis, Europe and ROW revenue would have increased by 5% in 2016 compared to 2015. Changes in revenue include the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates. We use the non-GAAP financial measure “constant currency basis” in ourfilings to show changes in our revenue without giving effect to period-to-period currency fluctuations. Under U.S. GAAP, revenues received in local (non-U.S.Dollar) currencies are translated into U.S. Dollars at the average exchange rate for the period presented. When we use the term “constant currency basis”, it meansthat we have translated local currency revenues for the prior reporting period into U.S. Dollars using the same average foreign currency exchange rates for theconversion of revenues into U.S. Dollars that we used to translate local currency revenues for the comparable reporting period of the current year. We thencalculate the change, as a percentage, from the prior period revenues using the current period exchange rates versus the current period revenues. This resultingpercentage is a non-GAAP measure referring to a change as a percentage on a “constant currency basis”. We consider the use of a period over period revenuecomparison on a constant currency basis to be helpful to investors, as it provides a revenue growth measure free of positive or negative volatility due to currencyfluctuations. By revenue type, total revenues were: Year ended December 31, Change (in thousands, except percentages) 201 6 201 5 Amount % Revenue Product $36,430 $30,207 $6,223 21%Service 49,648 32,575 17,073 52%Total revenue $86,078 $62,782 $23,296 37% By indication, total revenues were: Year ended December 31, Change (in thousands, except percentages) 2016 2015 Amount % Revenue Tuberculosis $78,636 $62,782 $15,854 25%Tick-borne disease and other 7,442 — 7,442 N/M Total revenue $86,078 $62,782 $23,296 37% By geography, total revenues were: Year ended December 31, Change (in thousands, except percentages) 201 6 201 5 Amount % Revenue United States $49,462 $31,362 $18,100 58%Europe & ROW 6,988 7,067 (79) (1)%Asia 29,628 24,353 5,275 22%Total revenue $86,078 $62,782 $23,296 37% Cost of revenue and gross margin Cost of revenue increased by 34% to 39.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 from $29.5 million in the same period in 2015. This increase in cost ofrevenue was due to the 25% increase in the volume of kits sold and a 33% increase in the volume of TB tests performed by our laboratory in the United States. Inaddition, U.S. cost of revenue for the year ended December 31, 2016 included $4.1 million of cost of revenue from testing for tick-borne diseases. Gross margin for2016 increased to 54% from 53% for 2015. The gross margin improvement was attributable to a reduction in material costs per test and efficiency gains fromincreased volume in our manufacturing operations and service laboratories, partially offset by increased labor costs and lower margin on tick-borne testing. 48Table of Contents Year ended December 31, Change (in thousands, except percentages) 201 6 201 5 Amount % Cost of revenue Product $13,956 $13,297 $659 5%Service 25,516 16,247 9,269 57%Total cost of revenue $39,472 $29,544 $9,928 34% Research and development expenses Research and development expenses increased by 34% to $13.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 from $10.4 million for the same period in 2015.Salary and other employee related expenses increased $1.7 million. In addition, clinical studies costs increased $1.5 million in the year ended December 31, 2016compared to the same period in 2015 and primarily related to the cost of clinical studies related to our transplant programs. As a percentage of total revenue,research and development expenses decreased to 16% for the year ended December 31, 2016 from 17% for the same period in 2015. Sales and marketing expenses Sales and marketing expenses increased 15% to $35.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 from $30.4 million for the same period in 2015. The increaselargely resulted from salary and other employee related expenses, which increased $4.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to the same periodin 2015. The increase reflects an increase in sales personnel and in personnel-related costs for commissions on increased sales. As a percentage of total revenue,sales and marketing expenses decreased to 41% for the year ended December 31, 2016 from 48% for the same period in 2015. General and administrative expenses General and administrative expenses increased by 45% to $23.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 from $16.0 million for the same period in 2015. Theincrease in general and administrative expenses included increases of $3.6 million in salary and other employee related expenses, $2.5 million in professional feesand $461,000 for improvements in our information technology infrastructure. As a percentage of total revenue, general and administrative expenses increased to27% for the year ended December 31, 2016 from 26% for the same period in 2015. Change in fair value of contingent purchase price consideration During the fourth quarter of 2016, we made the strategic decision to end our GoutiFind program. GoutiFind was a blood test designed to allow for early diagnosisand to better inform therapies by measuring the strength of underlying uric acid induced inflammation. As a result of this decision, we wrote-off the related liabilityfor contingent purchase price consideration in the amount of $ 901,000. During the same quarter, we determined that the SpiroFind assay developed using IPR&Dfrom Boulder would not qualify for future milestone payments. Due to this fact, we wrote-off the related liability for contingent purchase price consideration of$551,000. The combined credit of $1.5 million was partially offset by a charge of $244,000 related to the change in the fair value of contingent purchase priceconsideration related to the Boulder and Immunetics acquisitions. Intangible assets impairment charges During the fourth quarter of 2016, in conjunction with the strategic decision to end our GoutiFind program, we recorded a non-cash IPR&D impairment charge of$270,000. Also during the fourth quarter of 2016, we recorded a non-cash IPR&D impairment charge of $1.4 million related to an assay for Lyme disease that wasacquired in conjunction with the Boulder acquisition, when it was determined that the Boulder IPR&D will not directly yield any products. The charge in 2015mainly related to the timeline for the development of an assay to inform decisions regarding biologic therapies that was acquired as part of the Boulder acquisitionthat was changed due to delays in the completion of research studies. Based upon the changed timeline and the resulting impact on fair value, we recorded a non-cash IPR&D impairment charge of $385,000. Interest expense, net Interest expense, net was $864,000 for the year ended December 31, 2016, compared to $67,000 in the same period in 2015. The increase in interest expense, net in2016 mainly related to our October 4, 2016 agreement with MidCap Financial, or the MidCap agreement, that provides us with $40 million in debt financing,comprised of both a term loan and a revolving line of credit. The MidCap agreement provides us with a term loan of $30 million, which matures five years fromclosing. The term loan accrues interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 7.60% with interest only payments for the first 24 months, with the ability to extend to 48 monthssubject to certain conditions, before the loan begins to amortize. The MidCap agreement also provides us with a revolving line of credit of up to $10 million, whichmatures five years from closing. The revolving line of credit accrues interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 4.45%. Based on certain conditions, both the term loan andrevolving line of credit may be increased by an additional $10 million for a total of $60 million. We did not borrow under the revolving line of credit during 2016. 49Table of Contents Foreign exchange gains (losses) We recorded foreign exchange gains of $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, as a net result of U.S. Dollar denominated bank accounts, accountsreceivable, and accounts payable reflected on the books of Oxford Immunotec Limited, which has a functional currency of the U.K. Pound Sterling. For the yearended December 31, 2015, we recorded foreign exchange losses of $143,000, as a net result of the U.S. Dollar denominated bank accounts, accounts receivable andaccounts payable reflected on the books of Oxford Immunotec Limited. We are exposed to foreign exchange rate risk because we currently operate in three majorregions of the world: the United States, Europe & ROW and Asia, and our revenue is denominated in multiple currencies. Approximately 58% of our sales were inthe United States, which are denominated in U.S. Dollars. Sales in China are also denominated in U.S. Dollars. Sales in Europe are denominated primarily in theU.K. Pound Sterling and the Euro. As we grow Europe and ROW sales outside the U.K. and the Euro Zone, we may be subject to risk from additional currencies.Sales in Japan are denominated in Yen. Our expenses are generally denominated in the currencies in which our operations are located, which are primarily in the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan,Europe and China. As we continue to grow our business outside the United States, our results of operations and cash flows will be subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreigncurrency exchange rates, which could harm our business in the future. To date, we have not entered into any foreign currency hedging contracts, although we maydo so in the future. Other (expense) income Other (expense) income was expense of $646,000 for the year ended December 31, 2016, which included a fixed asset impairment charge of $306,000, comparedto income of $54,000 in the same period in 2015. 50Table of Contents Comparison of years ended December 31, 201 5 and 201 4 The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the amounts of certain components of our statements of operations and the percentage of total revenuerepresented by these items, showing period-to-period changes. Year ended December 31, 2015 2014 Change (in thousands, except percentages) Amount % of revenue Amount % of revenue Amount % Revenue: Product $30,207 48% $25,407 51% $4,800 19%Service 32,575 52% 24,098 49% 8,477 35%Total revenue 62,782 100% 49,505 100% 13,277 27% Cost of revenue: Product 13,297 21% 11,225 23% 2,072 18%Service 16,247 26% 12,784 26% 3,463 27%Total cost of revenue 29,544 47% 24,009 48% 5,535 23%Gross profit 33,238 53% 25,496 52% 7,742 30% Operating expenses: Research and development 10,381 17% 6,961 14% 3,420 49%Sales and marketing 30,402 48% 25,487 51% 4,915 19%General and administrative 16,010 26% 14,837 30% 1,173 8%Change in fair value of contingentpurchase price consideration 202 0% 72 0% 130 181%Intangible assets impairment charges 419 1% — 0% 419 N/A Total operating expenses 57,414 91% 47,357 96% 10,057 21% Loss from operations (24,176) (39)% (21,861) (44)% (2,315) 11% Interest expense, net (67) 0% (52) 0% (15) 29%Foreign exchange losses (143) 0% (352) (1)% 209 (59)%Other income 54 0% 245 0% (191) (78)%Loss before income taxes (24,332) (39)% (22,020) (44)% (2,312) 10%Income tax expense 146 0% 154 0% (8) (5)%Net loss $(24,478) (39)% $(22,174) (45)% $(2,304) 10% Revenue Revenue increased by 27% to $62.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to $49.5 million for the same period in 2014. This increase in revenuewas due to an increase in volumes across all regions where we sell our T-SPOT. TB test. U.S. revenue grew by 39%, to $31.4 million for the year ended December31, 2015, compared to the same period in 2014, driven by growth of $5.4 million from the addition of new customers and $3.4 million from existing customers.Asia revenue grew by 23%, to $24.4 million, compared to the same period in 2014, due primarily to higher revenue in Japan and China. On a constant currencybasis, revenue for Asia would have increased by 33%. Europe & ROW revenue decreased by 2%, to $7.1 million, compared to the same period in 2014, dueprimarily to changes in currency rates. On a constant currency basis, Europe & ROW revenue would have increased by 10% in 2015 compared to 2014. 51Table of Contents Year ended December 31, Change (in thousands, except percentages) 201 5 201 4 Amount % Revenue Product $30,207 $25,407 $4,800 19%Service 32,575 24,098 8,477 35%Total revenue $62,782 $49,505 $13,277 27% Year ended December 31, Change (in thousands, except percentages) 201 5 201 4 Amount % Revenue United States $31,362 $22,537 $8,825 39%Europe & ROW 7,067 7,219 (152) (2)%Asia 24,353 19,749 4,604 23%Total revenue $62,782 $49,505 $13,277 27% Cost of revenue and gross margin Cost of revenue increased by 23% to $29.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 from $24.0 million in the same period of 2014. This increase in cost ofrevenue was due to the increased volume of kits sold and an increase in volume of tests performed by our laboratories in the United States and the United Kingdom.Gross margin for 2015 increased to 52.9% from 51.5% for 2014. The gross margin improvement was attributable to a reduction in material costs per test andefficiency from increased volume in our manufacturing operations and service laboratories, partially offset by the impact of foreign currency exchange rate changesand increased share-based compensation expense in 2015 compared to 2014. Year ended December 31, Change (in thousands, except percentages) 201 5 201 4 Amount % Cost of revenue Product $13,297 $11,225 $2,072 18%Service 16,247 12,784 3,463 27%Total cost of revenue $29,544 $24,009 $5,535 23% Research and development expenses Research and development expenses increased by 49% to $10.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 from $7.0 million for the same period in 2014. Thisincrease reflected the fact that in 2014 we were just beginning to ramp-up our research and development activities following completion of our IPO in late 2013.The increased spending primarily related to development project expenses for our transplant program and to the hiring of personnel in the United States to supportdevelopment programs. In addition, with the acquisition of Boulder in the third quarter of 2014, we expanded our research efforts to include assays for Lymedisease and gout. Salary costs increased $2.1 million in 2015 compared to 2014 due to the expansion of our research and development teams, and the cost of clinical studiesincreased $1.1 million. As a percentage of total revenue, research and development expenses increased to 17% for the year ended December 31, 2015 from 14% forthe same period in 2014. Sales and marketing expenses Sales and marketing expenses increased 19% to $30.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 from $25.5 million for the same period in 2014. The increasereflected additional sales, marketing, and customer service personnel and the expansion of marketing programs. Salary costs increased $5.3 million in 2015compared to 2014. In addition, travel costs increased $442,000, and symposia costs increased $309,000. These increases were partially offset by an $815,000decrease in market research costs, reflecting one-time market research studies completed in 2014, and a $624,000 decrease in recruiting and hiring costs. As apercentage of total revenue, sales and marketing expenses decreased to 48% for the year ended December 31, 2015 from 51% for the same period in 2014. 52Table of Contents General and administrative expenses General and administrative expenses increased by 8% to $16.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 from $14.8 million for the same period in 2014. Theincrease included increases of $1.5 million in salary costs, $157,000 for recruiting and hiring costs, $109,000 for administrative expenses and $90,000 indepreciation and amortization, partially offset by a $754,000 decrease in legal and professional fees in 2015 compared to 2014. As a percentage of total revenue,general and administrative expenses decreased to 26% for the year ended December 31, 2015 from 30% for the same period in 2014. Change in fair value of contingent purchase price consideration The charges of $202,000 in 2015 and $72,000 in 2014 related to the change in the fair value of contingent purchase price consideration resulting from theacquisition of Boulder in July 2014. Intangible assets impairment charges The charge in 2015 mainly related to the timeline for the development of an assay to inform decisions regarding biologic therapies that was acquired as part of theBoulder acquisition that was changed due to delays in the completion of research studies. Based upon the changed timeline and the resulting impact on fair value,we recorded a non-cash IPR&D impairment charge of $385,000. Interest expense, net Interest expense, net was $67,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $52,000 in the same period in 2014. Interest expense in both periodsprimarily related to the fit out of our Marlborough facility. Foreign exchange losses We recorded foreign exchange losses of $143,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015 as a net result of U.S. Dollar denominated bank accounts, accountsreceivable and accounts payable reflected on the books of Oxford Immunotec Limited, which has a functional currency of the U.K. Pound Sterling. For the yearended December 31, 2014, we recorded foreign exchange losses of $352,000. We are exposed to foreign exchange rate risk because we currently operate in threemajor regions of the world: the United States, Europe & ROW and Asia, and our revenue is denominated in multiple currencies. Approximately 50% of our saleswere in the United States, which are denominated in U.S. Dollars. Sales in China are denominated in U.S. Dollars but these sales are made by our United Kingdom-based subsidiary where the Pound Sterling is the functional currency. As a result, these sales are subject to remeasurement into Pounds Sterling and then translationinto U.S. Dollars when we consolidate our financial statements. Sales in Europe are denominated primarily in the Pound Sterling and Euro. As we grow Europe &ROW sales outside the United Kingdom and the Euro Zone, we may be subject to risk from additional currencies. Sales in Japan are denominated in Yen. Our expenses are generally denominated in the currencies in which our operations are located, which are primarily in the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan,Europe and China. As we continue to grow our business outside the United States, our results of operations and cash flows will be subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreigncurrency exchange rates, which could harm our business in the future. To date, we have not entered into any foreign currency hedging contracts, although we maydo so in the future. Other income Other income was $54,000 for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $245,000 in the same period in 2014. Other income for 2015 consisted largely ofgrant income of $168,000, partially offset by severance expense of $112,000. Other income in 2014 consisted largely of a $149,000 U.K. research grant and an$83,000 Tennessee FastTrack Job Training Assistance program. Liquidity and capital resources Sources of funds Since our inception, we have incurred significant net losses and negative cash flows from operations. For the year ended December 31, 2016 we had a net loss of$22.3 million and used $21.9 million of cash for operating activities. As of December 31, 2016, we had an accumulated deficit of $168.7 million. We incurred a netloss of $24.5 million and used $16.5 million of cash for operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2015. On January 29, 2015, we entered into an underwriting agreement with a group of underwriters relating to the public offering, or the Offering, of 4,255,319 ordinaryshares, nominal value £0.006705, or the Shares, at an offering price to the public of $11.75 per Share, or the Offering Price. The underwriters agreed to purchasethe Shares from us pursuant to an underwriting agreement at a price of $11.045 per share. Under the terms of the underwriting agreement, we granted theunderwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 638,297 shares, or the Option Shares, at the Offering Price, less underwriting discounts andcommissions. On January 30, 2015, the underwriters exercised their option to purchase the Option Shares in full. The total proceeds to us from the sale of theShares and the Option Shares were approximately $57.5 million and we received net proceeds of approximately $53.8 million after deducting underwritingdiscounts and commissions and aggregate offering expenses payable by us. The Offering closed on February 4, 2015. 53Table of Contents On October 4, 2016, we entered into an agreement with MidCap Financial, or the MidCap agreement, that provides us with $40 million in debt financing,comprised of both a term loan and a revolving line of credit. The MidCap agreement provides us with a term loan of $30 million, which matures five years fromclosing. The term loan accrues interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 7.60% with interest only payments for the first 24 months, with the ability to extend to 48 monthssubject to certain conditions, before the loan begins to amortize. The MidCap agreement also provides us with a revolving line of credit of up to $10 million, whichmatures five years from closing. The revolving line of credit accrues interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 4.45%. Based on certain conditions, both the term loan andrevolving line of credit may be increased by an additional $10 million for a total of $60 million. Additionally, we maintain a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 with the SEC covering our ordinary shares and other securities, and provides us with theopportunity to raise funding when needed or otherwise considered appropriate at prices and on terms to be determined at the time of any such offerings. As of December 31, 2016, we had cash and cash equivalents of $59.1 million. While we anticipate that our current cash, cash equivalents and cash generated fromoperations will be sufficient to meet our projected operating plans for at least the next 12 months, we may require additional funds, either through additional equityor debt financings, strategic collaboration agreements, sale of assets or from other sources. Summary of cash flows The following table summarizes our cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and cash flows for the periods indicated: As of and for the years endedDecember 31 , (in thousands) 201 6 201 5 Cash and cash equivalents, excluding restricted cash $59,110 $83,715 Accounts receivable, net 13,265 7,058 Net cash used in operating activities $(21,921) $(16,549)Net cash used in investing activities (30,018) (3,122)Net cash provided by financing activities 29,114 53,661 Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (1,780) (440)Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents, excluding restricted cash $(24,605) $33,550 Cash flows for the years ended December 31, 201 6 and 2015 Operating activities Net cash used in operating activities was $21.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2016, which included a net loss of $22.3 million and cash used forchanges in operating assets less liabilities of $8.2 million, partially offset by net non-cash items of $8.7 million. The cash used for changes in operating assets andliabilities included an increase in accounts receivable, net of $6.5 million, an increase in prepaid expenses and other assets of $2.9 million, a decrease in deferredincome of $1.7 million, a decrease in accounts payable of $1.1 million and an increase in inventory, net of $0.7 million, partially offset by a $4.8 million increase inaccrued liabilities. The increase in accounts receivable, net reflects growing revenue during the year ended December 31, 2016 due to higher sales volumes, as wellas the Imugen and Immunetics acquisitions. The increase in prepaid expenses and other assets largely reflects the timing of certain payments. The decrease indeferred income primarily related to a change in the process used to determine pricing for certain sales to customers in Japan that has resulted in those sales beingrecorded upon shipment. The decrease in accounts payable was largely due to the timing of payments. The increase in inventory, net was largely due to timing. Theincrease in accrued liabilities reflects the timing of certain payments. The non-cash items consisted of share-based compensation expense of $5.0 million,depreciation and amortization expense of $3.1 million, an intangible assets impairment charge of $1.8 million mainly related to IPR&D acquired from Boulder andthe change in fair value of contingent purchase price consideration of $244,000 . These expenses were partially offset by a $1.5 million write-off of contingentpurchase price consideration, which included $901,000 from the strategic decision to end our GoutiFind program and $551,000 from the determination that anassay for Lyme disease that was acquired in conjunction with the Boulder acquisition would not qualify for future milestone payments. Net cash used in operating activities was $16.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2015, which included a net loss of $24.5 million, non-cash items of$6.3 million and cash provided by changes in operating assets less liabilities of $1.6 million. The non-cash items consisted of share-based compensation expense of$3.5 million, depreciation and amortization expense of $2.1 million, intangible assets impairment charges of $419,000, consisting largely of an IPR&D impairmentcharge of $385,000 related to the Boulder acquisition, a $202,000 expense from the change in fair value of contingent purchase price consideration and a $33,000loss on disposal of property and equipment. The cash provided by changes in operating assets and liabilities included an increase in accounts payable and accruedliabilities of $4.1 million, partially offset by increases in prepaid expenses and other assets, inventory and accounts receivable, net of $898,000, $893,000 and$416,000, respectively, as well as a decrease in deferred income of $250,000. The increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities was largely due to the timingof payments. The increase in prepaid expenses and other assets reflected the timing of certain payments and inventory increased in anticipation of growing revenue.The increase in accounts receivable, net primarily reflected increased revenue during the year ended December 31, 2015, as well as the timing of receipts. Thedecrease in deferred income primarily related to a change in the process used to determine pricing for certain sales to customers in Japan that resulted in those salesbeing recorded upon shipment. 54Table of Contents Investing activities Net cash used in investing activities was $30.0 million and $3.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The cash used in 2016consisted largely of a net $27.5 million used to finance the acquisitions of Imugen and Immunetics and $2.4 million used for purchases of property and equipment.The cash used in 2015 consisted largely of $3.4 million used for purchases of property and equipment, partially offset by a $312,000 decrease in restricted cash. Financing activities Net cash provided by financing activities was $29.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2016, which mainly reflects the $30.0 million MidCap borrowing,net of related discount and debt issuance costs. Net cash provided by financing activities was $53.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2015, due mainly to net proceeds of approximately $53.8 millionreceived in the offering that closed on February 4, 2015. Cash flows for the years ended December 31, 201 5 and 201 4 Operating activities Net cash used in operating activities was $16.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2015, which included a net loss of $24.5 million, non-cash items of$6.3 million and cash provided by changes in operating assets less liabilities of $1.6 million. The non-cash items consisted of share-based compensation expense of$3.5 million, depreciation and amortization expense of $2.1 million, intangible assets impairment charges of $419,000, consisting largely of an IPR&D impairmentcharge of $385,000 related to the Boulder acquisition, a $202,000 expense from the change in fair value of contingent purchase price consideration and a $33,000loss on disposal of property and equipment. The cash provided by changes in operating assets and liabilities included an increase in accounts payable and accruedliabilities of $4.1 million, partially offset by increases in prepaid expenses and other assets, inventory and accounts receivable, net of $898,000, $893,000 and$416,000, respectively, as well as a decrease in deferred income of $250,000. The increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities was largely due to the timingof payments. The increase in prepaid expenses and other assets reflected the timing of certain payments and inventory increased in anticipation of growing revenue.The increase in accounts receivable, net primarily reflected increased revenue during the year ended December 31, 2015, as well as the timing of receipts. Thedecrease in deferred income primarily related to a change in the process used to determine pricing for certain sales to customers in Japan that resulted in those salesbeing recorded upon shipment. Net cash used in operating activities was $20.8 million during the year ended December 31, 2014, which included a net loss of $22.2 million, non-cash items of$4.3 million, and a net increase in operating assets less liabilities of $2.9 million. The non-cash items consisted of share-based compensation expense of $2.5million, depreciation and amortization expense of $1.7 million and a $22,000 loss on the change in fair value of warrants. We had a net cash outflow of $2.9million from changes in operating assets and liabilities during the period. The changes in operating assets and liabilities included an increase in accounts receivableof $2.3 million, an increase in inventory of $1.2 million and an increase in prepaid expenses and other assets of $ 594,000, partially offset by an increase inaccounts payable and accrued liabilities of $587,000, and an increase in deferred income of $572,000. The increase in accounts receivable primarily reflectedincreased revenue during the year ended December 31, 2014, as well as the timing of receipts. Inventory increased in anticipation of growing revenue and theincrease in prepaid expenses and other assets reflected the timing of certain payments. The increase in accounts payable and accrued liabilities was largely due tothe timing of payments. The increase in deferred income related to the growth in sales to our Japanese importer. Investing activitiesNet cash used in investing activities was $3.1 million and $5.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The cash used in 2015consisted largely of $3.4 million used for purchases of property and equipment, partially offset by a $312,000 decrease in restricted cash. The cash used in 2014consisted largely of $3.0 million used for purchases of property and equipment and $1.7 million used in the acquisition of Boulder, net of cash acquired. Financing activities Net cash provided by financing activities was $53.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2015 due mainly to net proceeds of approximately $53.8 millionreceived in the offering that closed on February 4, 2015. Net cash used in financing activities was $151,000 during the year ended December 31, 2014. 55Table of Contents Operating and capital expenditure requirements We have not achieved profitability on a quarterly or annual basis since our inception and we expect to incur net losses in the future. We expect that our operatingexpenses will increase as we continue to invest to grow our customer base, expand our marketing and distribution channels, hire additional employees and increaseproduct development expenditures. Additionally, as a public company, we incur significant audit, legal and other expenses. We believe that our existing capitalresources will be sufficient to fund our operations for the next few years. Our future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including: ●our ability to continue to penetrate our existing market and new markets in the United States; ●the costs and timing of further expansion of our sales and marketing efforts; ●our ability to penetrate existing markets outside the United States and enter and develop new geographies; ●the progress that we make in developing new products based on our technology platform; ●the percentage of sales that are reimbursed by payors and our ability to collect our accounts receivable; ●our ability to generate cash from operations; and ●the acquisition of businesses or technologies that we may undertake. Contractual obligations We have contractual obligations for non-cancelable facilities leases, equipment leases, license commitments and purchase commitments. Purchase commitmentsinclude future minimum royalty, license, and exclusivity payments to be paid under our license agreements with third parties for access to certain technologies. Thefollowing table reflects a summary of our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2016. Payments due by period (in thousands) Total Less than 1 year 1-3 Years 3-5 Years More than 5 years Operating lease obligations $7,180 $1,945 $3,258 $1,785 $192 License commitments 4,561 1,518 3,018 25 — Purchase commitments 4,636 4,189 447 — — MidCap term loan 30,000 — 11,667 18,333 — Total $46,377 $7,652 $18,390 $20,143 $192 In addition to the MidCap term loan payments listed above, we are required to pay an exit fee of 6.0% of the aggregate principal amount of all term loanborrowings (currently equal to $1.8 million). Critical accounting policies and significant judgments and estimates We have prepared our consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Our preparation of these consolidated financial statements requires us tomake estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, expenses and related disclosures at the date of the consolidatedfinancial statements, as well as revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. We evaluate our estimates and judgments on an ongoing basis. We base ourestimates on historical experience and on various other factors that we believe are reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis formaking judgments about the carrying value of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results could therefore differ materiallyfrom these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. While our significant accounting policies are described in more detail in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form10-K, we believe the following accounting policies to be critical to the judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our financial statements. Revenue recognition and accounts receivable We derive revenue from the sale of our diagnostic tests to a broad range of customers including hospitals, public health departments, commercial testinglaboratories, importers and distributors. We offer our T-SPOT. TB test in either an in vitro diagnostic kit or a service format. In addition, as a result of our recentacquisitions of Imugen and Immunetics, we offer tick-borne disease tests in both kit and service formats. Revenue from tests is generally paid directly by the customer and is recognized on the accrual basis when the following revenue recognition criteria are met:(1) persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists; (2) the kit has been shipped or delivered or, in the case of tests performed in our laboratory, when final resultshave been reported to the customer; (3) the price is fixed or determinable; and (4) collectibility is reasonably assured. In the United States, we also generate revenue from payments that are received from a variety of third-party payors, including government programs (Medicare andMedicaid) and commercial insurance companies, each with different billing requirements. Revenue from tests paid by third-party payors is recognized on anaccrual basis based on our historical collection experience. 56Table of Contents Accounts receivable are primarily amounts due from hospitals, public health departments, commercial testing laboratories, distributors and universities in additionto third-party payors such as commercial insurance companies (including managed care organizations), government programs (Medicare and Medicaid in theUnited States) and individual patients. Accounts receivable are reported net of an allowance for uncollectible accounts. The process of estimating the collection of accounts receivable involves significantassumptions and judgments. Specifically, the accounts receivable allowance is based on management’s analysis of current and past due accounts, collectionexperience in relation to amounts billed, channel mix, any specific customer collection issues that have been identified and other relevant information. Ourprovision for uncollectible accounts is recorded as bad debt expense and included in general and administrative expenses. Although we believe amounts providedare adequate, the ultimate amounts of uncollectible accounts receivable could be in excess of the amounts provided. Income taxes We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires, among other things, that deferred income taxes be provided for temporarydifferences between the tax basis of our assets and liabilities and their financial statement reported amounts. In addition, deferred tax assets are recorded for thefuture benefit of utilizing net operating losses, or NOLs, and research and development credit carryforwards. A valuation allowance is established when necessaryto reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. We follow the accounting guidance for uncertainties in income taxes, which prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for recording uncertaintax positions taken, or expected to be taken, in a tax return in the financial statements. Additionally, the guidance also prescribes the derecognition, classification,accounting in interim periods and disclosure requirements for uncertain tax positions. We accrue for the estimated amount of taxes for uncertain tax positions if it ismore likely than not that we would be required to pay such additional taxes. An uncertain tax position will not be recognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood ofbeing sustained. We did not have any accrued interest or penalties associated with any unrecognized tax positions, and there were no such interest or penaltiesrecognized during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 or 2014. Share-based compensation Share-based compensation relates to grants of options to purchase ordinary shares and restricted shares. Currently, we maintain one share incentive plan pursuant towhich we may grant options to purchase our ordinary shares, restricted shares, restricted share units, and other share-based awards to our employees, directors andofficers. This incentive plan is called the Oxford Immunotec Global PLC 2013 Share Incentive Plan, or the 2013 Plan. In addition, we maintain the 2008 Amendedand Restated Stock Incentive Plan, or the 2008 Plan. No new share grants or awards will be made under the 2008 Plan. We measure the cost of equity-settled transactions with employees by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments at the date on which they are granted.Estimating fair value for options requires determining the most appropriate valuation model, which is dependent on the terms and conditions of the grant. Thisestimate also requires determining the most appropriate inputs to the valuation model, including the expected life of the award, volatility and dividend yield, andmaking certain assumptions about the award. Share-based compensation expense for restricted shares is calculated based on the grant date market price of theshares and is recognized over the vesting period. We use the Black-Scholes option pricing model to value the share option awards. The Black-Scholes option pricing model requires the input of subjectiveassumptions, including assumptions about the expected life of share-based payment awards and share price volatility. In addition, when we were a privatecompany, one of the most subjective inputs into the Black-Scholes option pricing model was the estimated fair value of our ordinary shares. Due to the lack of anadequate history of a public market for the trading of our ordinary shares and a lack of adequate company specific historical and implied volatility data, we havebased our estimate of expected volatility on the historical volatility of a group of similar companies that are publicly traded. For these analyses, we have selectedcompanies with comparable characteristics to ours including enterprise value, risk profiles, position within the industry, and with historical share price informationsufficient to meet the expected life of the share-based awards. We compute the historical volatility data using the daily closing prices for the selected companies'shares during the equivalent period of the calculated expected term of our share-based awards. We will continue to apply this process until a sufficient amount ofhistorical information regarding the volatility of our own share price becomes available. We determine the expected term for share option grants to employees based on the “simplified” method prescribed under Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 14:Share-based Payments. Under this approach, the weighted-average expected life is presumed to be the average of the vesting term and the contractual term of theoption. The risk-free interest rate is a weighted-average assumption equivalent to the expected term based on the United States Treasury yield curve in effect as ofthe date of grant. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of the share-based payment awards represent our best estimate and involve inherentuncertainties and the application of our judgment. As a result, if factors change and we use different assumptions, share-based compensation expense could bematerially different in the future. 57Table of Contents In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board, Accounting Standards Codification 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation , we recognize expensebased on the share option grant’s pre-defined vesting schedule over the requisite service period using the straight-line method for all employee share options. Inaddition to the assumptions used to calculate the fair value of the share options, we are required to estimate the expected forfeiture rate of all share-based awardsand only recognize expense for those awards expected to vest. The estimation of the number of share awards that will ultimately vest requires judgment, and to theextent actual results or updated estimates differ from our current estimates, such amounts will be recorded as a cumulative adjustment in the period in whichestimates are revised. We consider multiple factors when estimating expected forfeitures, including employee position and historical employee turnover data.During the period in which the share options vest, we will record additional expense if the actual forfeiture rate is lower than the estimated forfeiture rate and arecovery of expense if the actual forfeiture rate is higher than estimated. Business Combinations For acquisitions meeting the definition of a business combination, we allocate the purchase price, including any contingent consideration, to the assets acquired andthe liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values as of the date of the acquisition with any excess of the purchase price paid over the estimated fair value of netassets acquired recorded as goodwill. The fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed is typically determined by using either estimates of replacementcosts or discounted cash flow valuation methods. When determining the fair value of tangible assets acquired, we estimate the cost using the most appropriate valuation method with assistance from independentthird-party specialists. When determining the fair value of intangible assets acquired, we use judgment to estimate the applicable discount rate, growth rates and thetiming and amount of future cash flows. The fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is typically determined by management using the assistance ofindependent third-party specialists. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of tangible and intangible assets represent our best estimates. If factorschange and we were to use different assumptions, valuations of tangible and intangible assets and the resulting goodwill balance related to the businesscombination could be materially different. Goodwill and Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets Goodwill Goodwill is not amortized but is reviewed for impairment at least annually, or when events or changes in the business environment indicate that all, or a portion, ofthe carrying value of the reporting unit may no longer be recoverable, using the two-step impairment review. Under this method, we compare the fair value of thegoodwill to its carrying value. If the fair value is less than the carrying amount, a more detailed analysis is performed to determine if goodwill is impaired. Animpairment loss, if any, is measured as the excess of the carrying value of goodwill over the fair value of goodwill. We also have the option to first assessqualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads us to determine that it is more likely than not (that is, a likelihood of morethan 50%) that goodwill is impaired. If we choose to first assess qualitative factors and it is determined that it is not more likely than not goodwill is impaired, weare not required to take further action to test for impairment. We also have the option to bypass the qualitative assessment and perform only the quantitativeimpairment test, which we may choose to do in some periods but not in others. Indefinite-lived Intangible Assets Our indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of acquired IPR&D related to our business combinations with Boulder, Imugen and Immunetics, which were recordedat fair value on the acquisition date. IPR&D intangible assets are considered indefinite-lived intangible assets until completion or abandonment of the associatedresearch and development efforts. IPR&D is not amortized but is reviewed for impairment at least annually, or when events or changes in the business environmentindicate the carrying value may be impaired. If the fair value of the intangible asset is less than the carrying amount, we perform a quantitative test to determine thefair value. The impairment loss, if any, is measured as the excess of the carrying value of the intangible asset over its fair value. We also have the option to firstassess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads us to determine that it is more likely than not (that is, a likelihood ofmore than 50%) that our indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired. If we choose to first assess qualitative factors and it is determined that it is not more likelythan not our indefinite-lived intangible asset is impaired, we are not required to take further action to test for impairment. We also have the option to bypass thequalitative assessment and perform only the quantitative impairment test, which we may choose to do in some periods but not in others. The determinations as towhether, and, if so, the extent to which, acquired IPR&D become impaired are highly judgmental and based on significant assumptions regarding the projectedfuture financial condition and operating results, changes in the manner of the use and development of the acquired assets, our overall business strategy, andregulatory, market and economic environment and trends. Off-balance sheet arrangements We do not have any relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purposeentities, which would have been established for the purpose of facilitating off-balance sheet arrangements or for any other contractually narrow or limited purpose. 58Table of Contents Recent accounting pronouncements In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts withCustomers , or ASU 2014-09, which converges the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board standards on revenue recognition. Under ASU 2014-09, a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which thecompany expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, ASU 2014-09 requires certain additional disclosures around the nature,amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. This guidance will be effective for us for annual and interimperiods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The guidance allowsfor either “full retrospective” adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all of the periods presented, or “modified retrospective” adoption, meaning the standardis applied only to the most current period presented in the financial statements. The FASB has recently issued several amendments to the standard, includingclarification on accounting for licenses of intellectual property, identifying performance obligations and other technical corrections. We currently anticipateadopting ASU 2014-09 in the first quarter of 2018 and currently intend to apply the “modified retrospective” approach. We are still evaluating ASU 2014-09 andhave not yet determined how it may impact our financial position, results of operations or related disclosures. In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern , or ASU 2014-15. ASU 2014-15 is effective for annualperiods ending after December 15, 2016 and all annual and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. ASU 2014-15 requires that managementevaluate at each annual and interim reporting period whether there is a substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year ofthe date that the financial statements are issued. We adopted ASU 2014-15 on October 1, 2016 and there was no impact on our financial position, results ofoperations or related disclosures. In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory , or ASU 2015-11. ASU 2015-11 requires that an entity should measureinventory within the scope of ASU 2015-11 at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary courseof business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. This guidance will be effective for us for annual and interim periodsbeginning after December 15, 2016. The amendments in ASU 2015-11 are to be applied prospectively with earlier application permitted as of the beginning of aninterim or annual reporting period. We are currently evaluating ASU 2015-11 but do not anticipate that adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on ourfinancial position, results of operations or related disclosures. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases , or ASU 2016-02. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to put most leases on their balance sheets but recognizeexpenses on their income statements in a manner similar to current accounting. The guidance also eliminates real estate-specific provisions for all entities. The newguidance will be effective for us for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. In transition, lessees and lessors are required to recognize andmeasure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently evaluatingASU 2016-02 and have not yet determined how it may impact our financial position, results of operations or related disclosures. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting , or ASU 2016-09. ASU 2016-09 is intended tosimplify several areas of accounting for share-based compensation arrangements, including the income tax impact, classification on the statement of cash flows andforfeitures. The new guidance will be effective for us for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted. The guidancecan be applied using a modified retrospective, retrospective, or prospective transition method, depending on a specific amendment. We do not expect the adoptionof ASU 2016-09 to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or related disclosures. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses , or ASU 2016-13. ASU 2016-13 requires a financial asset (or a group offinancial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. Under current U.S. GAAP, a company onlyconsidered past events and current conditions in measuring an incurred loss. Under ASU 2016-13, the information that a company must consider is broadened indeveloping an expected credit loss estimate for assets measured either collectively or individually. The use of forecasted information incorporates more timelyinformation in the estimate of expected credit loss. The new guidance will be effective for us for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019.Early adoption is permitted for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The guidance is applied using a modified retrospective, orprospective approach, depending on a specific amendment. We are currently evaluating ASU 2016-13 and have not yet determined how it may impact our financialposition, results of operations or related disclosures. In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments , or ASU 2016-15. ASU 2016-15 is intended toreduce the diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The new guidance willbe effective for us for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. Theguidance should be applied retrospectively. We are currently evaluating ASU 2016-15 and have not yet determined how it may impact our statement of cash flows. 59Table of Contents In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes , or ASU 2016-16. The guidance requires companies to recognize the income tax effects ofintercompany sales and transfers of assets, other than inventory, in the income statement as income tax expense (or benefit) in the period in which the transferoccurs. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual reportingperiod. ASU 2016-16 amendments should be applied on a modified retrospective basis. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU 2016-16 onour financial position, results of operations or related disclosures. In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Restricted Cash , or ASU 2016-18. ASU 2016-18 requires that a statement of cash flows explain the changeduring the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The guidance should beapplied retrospectively and is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption ispermitted, including adoption in an interim period. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-18 to have a material effect on our statement of cash flows. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations , or ASU 2017-01. ASU 2017-01 clarifies the definition of a business with the objectiveof adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The newguidance will be effective for us for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. The guidance should beapplied on a prospective basis and early adoption is not permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of adoption of ASU 2017-01 on our financial position,results of operations or related disclosures. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other , or ASU 2017-04. ASU 2017-04 simplifies subsequent measurement ofgoodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The new guidance will be applied on a prospective basis. ASU 2017-04 will be effective for usfor annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. We are currently evaluating ASU 2017-04 and have not yetdetermined how it may impact our financial position, results of operations or related disclosures. Under the U.S. Jumpstart our Business Startups Act, or the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies that become public can delay adopting new or revisedaccounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. We irrevocably elected not to avail ourselves of this exemption from new orrevised accounting standards and, therefore, we are subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as public companies that are not emerging growthcompanies. Item 7A. Quantitative and Q ualitative D isclosure s A bout Ma rket R isk As of December 31, 2016, we had cash and cash equivalents of $59.1 million, and restricted cash of $200,000 pledged as collateral for procurement cards issued bya U.S. commercial bank. We are exposed to market risks in the ordinary course of our business. These market risks are principally limited to interest rate fluctuations, capital marketfluctuations, and foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations, as discussed below. Interest rate fluctuations Changes in the general level of U.S. and European interest rates expose us to interest rate risk. These changes could affect our interest income and interestexpense. Based on our cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2016, if interest rates went either up or down one percentage point, this could change our interestincome by approximately $0.6 million per annum. We are also exposed to market risk related to fluctuations in interest rates indexed to LIBOR, which determines the variable interest payments made on our loanpayable. However, we do not believe we are subject to any material market risk exposure related to this obligation. C apital market fluctuations Our cash and cash equivalents are invested in interest-bearing savings and money market accounts. We do not enter into investments for trading or speculativepurposes. We do not believe capital market fluctuations would have a material effect on the fair market value of our portfolio. Foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations We are exposed to foreign exchange rate risk because we currently operate in three major regions of the world: the United States, Europe & ROW, and Asia, andour revenue is denominated in multiple currencies. Approximately 58% of our sales were in the United States, which are denominated in U.S. Dollars. Sales inChina are denominated in U.S. Dollars but these sales are made by our United Kingdom-based subsidiary where the Pound Sterling is the functional currency. As aresult, these sales are subject to remeasurement into Pounds Sterling and then translation into U.S. Dollars when we consolidate our financial statements. Sales inEurope are denominated primarily in the Pound Sterling and Euro. As we grow Europe & ROW sales outside the United Kingdom and the Euro Zone, we may besubject to risk from additional currencies. Sales in Japan are denominated in Yen. Our expenses are generally denominated in the currencies in which our operations are located, which are primarily in the United States, the United Kingdom, Japan,Europe and China. 60Table of Contents As we continue to grow our business outside the United States, our results of operations and cash flows will be subject to fluctuations due to changes in foreigncurrency exchange rates, which could harm our business in the future. To date, we have not entered into any foreign currency hedging contracts, although we maydo so in the future. I tem 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data The information required by this item may be found beginning on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K with the exception of the unaudited consolidatedquarterly operations data, which is presented below. Net loss per common share is calculated independently for each of the periods presented. Therefore, the sum ofthe quarterly net loss per ordinary share amounts will not necessarily equal the total for the full fiscal year. We have prepared the consolidated quarterly operations data on a consistent basis with the audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in thisAnnual Report on Form 10-K. In the opinion of management, the quarterly consolidated operations data reflects all necessary adjustments, consisting only ofnormal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of these data. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected in futureperiods, and the results for a quarterly period are not necessarily indicative of the operating results for a full year. This information should be read in conjunctionwith the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this Annual Report Form 10-K. Three months ended (in thousands , except share and per share data ) (unaudited) March 31, 201 6 June 30, 201 6 September 30, 201 6 December 31, 201 6 Revenue: Product $8,138 $9,293 $9,713 $9,286 Service 8,972 9,861 16,396 14,419 Total revenue $17,110 $19,154 $26,109 $23,705 Gross profit $8,945 $10,548 $14,606 $12,507 Net loss (1) $(7,049) $(6,446) $(3,996) $(4,858)Net loss per ordinary share—basic and diluted $(0.32) $(0.29) $(0.18) $(0.22)Weighted-average shares used to compute net loss per ordinary share—basic anddiluted 22,284,392 22,351,645 22,365,349 22,412,691 (1) The three months ended December 31, 2016 includes impairment charges of $1.8 million, which included a $1.5 million impairment charge for Boulder IPR&Dand a $306,000 fixed asset impairment charge, partially offset by a $1.2 million benefit due to the change in fair value of contingent consideration. Three months ended (in thousands , except share and per share data ) (unaudited) March 31, 201 5 June 30, 201 5 September 30, 201 5 December 31, 201 5 Revenue: Product $7,122 $6,613 $8,310 $8,162 Service 6,679 7,639 9,634 8,623 Total revenue $13,801 $14,252 $17,944 $16,785 Gross profit $7,146 $7,750 $9,875 $8,467 Net loss $(6,311) $(7,294) $(4,483) $(6,390)Net loss per ordinary share—basic and diluted $(0.31) $(0.33) $(0.20) $(0.29)Weighted-average shares used to compute net loss per ordinary share—basic anddiluted 20,331,411 22,245,682 22,259,840 22,264,307 Our revenue fluctuates from quarter to quarter as a result of a number of factors, many of which are outside our control. Our service revenue has historically beenstrong in the third quarter as a result of a concentration of testing in the United States related to college students returning to school, while the fourth quarter hashistorically been weaker due to the holiday periods and decreased screening activity in hospitals as they focus on other priorities. Additionally, we see fluctuationin our product revenue from quarter to quarter, due to ordering patterns, particularly relating to our large distributor customers. As a result of such factors, weexpect to continue to see seasonality and quarter-to-quarter variations in our revenue. 61Table of Contents Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure There have been no changes in or disagreements with accountants on accounting and financial disclosure matters in the last fiscal year. Item 9A. Controls and procedures (a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures Our management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, has evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls andprocedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) as of the end of the period covered by this Form 10-K. Based on such evaluation, our ChiefExecutive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to bedisclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified inthe SEC’s rules and forms, and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive and Chief Financial Officers, or personsperforming similar functions, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. (b) Management’s report on internal control over financial reporting Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Securities ExchangeAct Rule 13a-15(f). Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, weconducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control—Integrated Framework(2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on our evaluation under the framework, our managementconcluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2016 . (c) Changes in internal control over financial reporting On July 1, 2016, we acquired substantially all of the assets of Imugen and on October 12, 2016, we acquired Immunetics. Prior to these acquisitions, Imugen andImmunetics each operated under their own sets of systems and internal controls. During the fourth quarter of 2016, we transitioned certain of Imugen’s andImmunetics’ processes to our internal control processes and we expect to transition more of such processes during fiscal 2017. Other than with respect to our transitions of the acquired businesses to our systems and control environment as described above, there have been no changes to ourinternal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fourth quarter of 2016 that havematerially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. Item 9B. Other information None. 62Table of Contents PART III Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance The information required under this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A, to be filed with theCommission not later than 120 days after the close of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. Item 11. Executive Compensation The information required under this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A, to be filed with theCommission not later than 120 days after the close of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters The information required under this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A, to be filed with theCommission not later than 120 days after the close of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence The information required under this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A, to be filed with theCommission not later than 120 days after the close of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services The information required under this item is incorporated herein by reference to our definitive proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A, to be filed with theCommission not later than 120 days after the close of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. 63Table of Contents PART IV Item 15. Exhibits , Financial Statement Schedules (a) 1. Financial Statements As part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the consolidated financial statements are listed in the accompanying index to financial statements on page F-1. 2. Financial Statement Schedules All schedules have been omitted because they are not required, not applicable, not present in amounts sufficient to require submission of the schedule, or therequired information is otherwise included. 3. Exhibit Index The following is a list of exhibits filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K: Exhibit numberDescription of exhibit 2.1* Purchase Agreement, dated June 23, 2016, between Oxford Immunotec, Inc. and Imugen, Inc. (Filed as Exhibit 2.1 to our Current Reporton Form 8-K on July 1, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference.) 3.1Articles of Association of the Registrant (Filed as Exhibit 3.1 of our Form 8-K on June 18, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.) 4.1Form of Ordinary Shares Certificate (Filed as Exhibit 4.1 of Amendment No. 5 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on November 8, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.1 License and Supply Agreement dated December 22, 2009 between Statens Serum Institut and Oxford Immunotec Limited (Filed as Exhibit10.4 of Amendment No. 1 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 25, 2013 and incorporated hereinby reference.) 10.2Supplement dated November 9, 2010 to License and Supply Agreement between Statens Serum Institut and Oxford Immunotec Limited(Filed as Exhibit 10.5 of Amendment No. 1 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 25, 2013 andincorporated herein by reference.) 10.3 Supply Agreement dated December 17, 2010 between MicroCoat Biotechnologie GmbH and Oxford Immunotec Limited (Filed as Exhibit10.11 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.4Amendment to Supply Agreement dated April 5, 2016 between MicroCoat Biotechnologie GmbH and Oxford Immunotec Limited (Filedas Exhibit 10.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K on May 4, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.5 Purchase Agreement dated February 6, 2010 between Mabtech AB and Oxford Immunotec Limited (Filed as Exhibit 10.12 of ourRegistration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.6 Amendment to Purchase Agreement dated September 10, 2013 between Mabtech AB and Oxford Immunotec Limited (Filed as Exhibit10.13 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.7 Manufacturing Agreement dated August 26, 2003 between Mabtech AB and Oxford Immunotec Limited (Filed as Exhibit 10.14 of ourRegistration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 64++++++Table of Contents Exhibit numberDescription of exhibit 10.8First Amendment dated January 1, 2010 to Manufacturing Agreement between Mabtech AB and Oxford Immunotec Limited (Filed asExhibit 10.15 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein byreference.) 10.9Second Amendment dated May 24, 2011 to Manufacturing Agreement between Mabtech AB and Oxford Immunotec Limited (Filed asExhibit 10.16 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein byreference.) 10.10 Supply Agreement dated January 1, 2009 between EMD Millipore Corporation and Oxford Immunotec Ltd (Filed as Exhibit 10.17 of ourRegistration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.11 First Amendment to Supply Agreement dated September 27, 2013 between EMD Millipore Corporation and Oxford Immunotec Limited(Filed as Exhibit 10.18 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein byreference.) 10.12 Second Amendment to Supply Agreement dated March 25, 2014 between EMD Millipore Corporation and Oxford ImmunotecLimited (Filed as Exhibit 10.20 of our Form 10-K on March 27, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.13 Supply Agreement dated January 31, 2008 between StemCell Technologies, Inc. and Oxford Immunotec Limited (Filed as Exhibit 10.19 ofour Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.14 Amendment dated October 26, 2011 to Supply Agreement between StemCell Technologies, Inc. and Oxford Immunotec Limited (Filed asExhibit 10.20 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein byreference.) 10.15 Supply and Reseller Agreement dated August 12, 2013 between Life Technologies Corporation and Oxford Immunotec Limited (Filed asExhibit 10.21 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein byreference.) 10.16 First Amendment to Supply and Reseller Agreement ,dated April 1, 2014 between Life Technologies Corporation and Oxford ImmunotecLimited (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 of our Form 8-K on April 3, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.17 Second Amendment to Supply and Reseller Agreement ,dated August 9, 2016 between Life Technologies Corporation and OxfordImmunotec Limited (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 of our Form 10-Q on November 1, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.18 Distributorship Agreement dated October 8, 2013 among Shanghai Fosun Long March Medical Science Co. Ltd., Shanghai Xin ChangMedical Device Co. Ltd. and Oxford Immunotec Limited (Filed as Exhibit 10.24 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.19 First Amendment to Distributorship Agreement between Oxford Immunotec, Ltd., Fosun Long March Medical Science Co. Ltd. andShanghai Xin Chang Medical Device Co. Ltd. dated April 22, 2015 (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q onAugust 4, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.20 Second Amendment to Distributorship Agreement between Oxford Immunotec, Ltd., Fosun Long March Medical Science Co. Ltd. andShanghai Xin Chang Medical Device Co. Ltd. dated November 3, 2016. 10.21 Marketing Authorization Holder Agreement dated July 29, 2011 between Riken Genesis Co., Ltd. and Oxford Immunotec Limited (Filedas Exhibit 10.25 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein byreference.) 10.22 Amendment to Marketing Authorization Holder Agreement dated September 1, 2013 between Riken Genesis Co., Ltd. and OxfordImmunotec Limited (Filed as Exhibit 10.26 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 andincorporated herein by reference.) 10.23Amendment to Marketing Authorization Holder Agreement dated April 1, 2016 between Riken Genesis Co., Ltd. and Oxford ImmunotecLimited (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K on May 4, 2016, and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.24Credit, Security and Guaranty Agreement (Term Loan), dated October 4, 2016, among Oxford Immunotec Global PLC, OxfordImmunotec, Inc., Oxford Immunotec Limited, the lenders from time to time party thereto and MidCap Financial Trust, individually as alender and as administrative agent (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 of our Form 8-K on October 7, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.) 65+++++++++++++Table of Contents Exhibit numberDescription of exhibit 10.25Credit, Security and Guaranty Agreement (Revolving Loan), dated October 4, 2016, among Oxford Immunotec Global PLC, OxfordImmunotec, Inc., Oxford Immunotec Limited, the lenders from time to time party thereto and MidCap Financial Trust, individually as alender and as administrative agent (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 of our Form 8-K on October 7, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.26Amended and Restated 2008 Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.35 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.27Form of Incentive Stock Option Award for executive officers under the Amended and Restated 2008 Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit10.36 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.28Form of Non-Statutory Stock Option Award for Non-Executive Directors under the Amended and Restated 2008 Stock Incentive Plan(Filed as Exhibit 10.37 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein byreference.) 10.29Form of Enterprise Management Incentive Stock Option Agreement for Chief Executive Officer under the Amended and Restated 2008Stock Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.38 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 andincorporated herein by reference.) 10.30Oxford Immunotec Global PLC 2013 Share Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.39 of Amendment No. 6 of our Registration Statement onForm S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on November 14, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.31Form of Restricted Share Award Certificate under the Oxford Immunotec Global PLC 2013 Share Incentive Plan for officers resident in theUnited Kingdom (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 of our Form 8-K on March 6, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.32Form of First Amendment to Officer Restricted Share Award under Appendix C of the 2013 Share Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.1 ofour Form 8-K on January 2, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.33Form of Amendment to the Restricted Share Award (Revised Vesting) under the Oxford Immunotec Global PLC 2013 Share IncentivePlan for officers resident in the United Kingdom (Filed as Exhibit 10.36 of our Form 10-K on March 1, 2016 and incorporated herein byreference.) 10.34Form of Restricted Share Award Certificate under the Oxford Immunotec Global PLC 2013 Share Incentive Plan for officers resident in theUnited States (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 of our Form 8-K on March 6, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.35Form of CSOP award certificate under the Oxford Immunotec Global PLC 2013 Share Incentive Plan for officers resident in the UnitedKingdom (Filed as Exhibit 10.3 of our Form 8-K on March 6, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.36Form of CSOP Option Certificate (Annual Vesting) under the Oxford Immunotec Global PLC 2013 Share Incentive Plan for officersresident in the United Kingdom (Filed as Exhibit 10.39 of our Form 10-K on March 1, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.37Form of unapproved option under the Oxford Immunotec Global PLC 2013 Share Incentive Plan for officers resident in the UnitedKingdom (Filed as Exhibit 10.4 of our Form 8-K on March 6, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.38Form of Unapproved Stock Option Award (Annual Vesting) under the Oxford Immunotec Global PLC 2013 Share Incentive Plan forofficers resident in the United Kingdom (Filed as Exhibit 10.41 of our Form 10-K on March 1, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.39Form of stock option agreement under the Oxford Immunotec Global PLC 2013 Share Incentive Plan for officers resident in the UnitedStates (Filed as Exhibit 10.5 of our Form 8-K on March 6, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.40Form of Stock Option Agreement (Annual Vesting) under the Oxford Immunotec Global PLC 2013 Share Incentive Plan for officersresident in the United States (Filed as Exhibit 10.43 of our Form 10-K on March 1, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference. 10.41Form of Restricted Share Unit Award under the Oxford Immunotec Global PLC 2013 Share Incentive Plan for officers (Filed as Exhibit10.44 of our Form 10-K on March 1, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.42Service Agreement dated October 21, 2002 between Oxford Immunotec Limited and Peter Wrighton-Smith, as amended through 2013(Filed as Exhibit 10.45 of our Form 10-K on March 27, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference.) 66 Exhibit numberDescription of exhibit 10.43Deed of Novation of Agreement for Services dated November 8, 2013 by and among Oxford Immunotec Limited, Oxford ImmunotecGlobal PLC and Peter Wrighton-Smith (Filed as Exhibit 10.49 of Amendment No. 5 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No.333-191737) on November 8, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.44Amended and Restated Employment Agreement dated October 1, 2013 between Oxford Immunotec, Inc. and Jeff R. Schroeder (Filed asExhibit 10.42 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein byreference.) 10.45Amended and Restated Employment Agreement dated October 1, 2013 between Oxford Immunotec, Inc. and Richard M. Altieri (Filed asExhibit 10.43 of our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on October 15, 2013 and incorporated herein byreference.) 10.46Form of Deed of Indemnity for Directors (Filed as Exhibit 10.44 of Amendment No. 5 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No.333-191737) on November 8, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.47Form of Deed of Indemnity for Officers (Filed as Exhibit 10.45 of Amendment No. 5 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No.333-191737) on November 8, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.48Form of Non-Executive Director Appointment Letter (Filed as Exhibit 10.46 of Amendment No. 2 to our Registration Statement on FormS-1 (File No. 333-191737) on November 4, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.49Form of Director Stock Option Award under Oxford Immunotec Global PLC Share Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.48 of AmendmentNo. 5 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-191737) on November 8, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference.) 10.50Form of First Amendment to Officer Stock Option Award under Appendix D of the 2013 Share Incentive Plan (Filed as Exhibit 10.2 of ourForm 8-K on January 2, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference.) 21.1List of Subsidiaries 23.1Consent of Ernst & Young LLP 24.1Power of Attorney executed by Directors and Officers (included on signature page) 31.1Certification of Principal Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 31.2Certification of Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 32Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 101The following materials from the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, formatted in XBRL(eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015; (ii) Consolidatedstatements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014; (iii) Consolidated statements of other comprehensive lossfor the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014; (iv) Consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity for the years ended December31, 2016, 2015 and 2014; (v) Consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014; and (vi) Notesto consolidated financial statements. *All schedules (and similar attachments) to the Purchase Agreement were omitted pursuant to Section 601(b)(2) of Regulation S-K. The Registrant herebyagrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted schedule (or other attachment) to the SEC.+Confidential treatment has been granted or requested with respect to certain portions of this exhibit. Omitted portions have been submitted separately to theSecurities and Exchange Commission. Item 16. Form 10-K Summary None. 67Table of Contents Signa tures Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf bythe undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in Abingdon, England, on February 28, 2017. OXFORD IMMUNOTEC GLOBAL PLC By:/s/ Peter Wrighton-Smith, Ph.D. Peter Wrighton-Smith, Ph.D. Chief Executive Officer and Director Power of Attorney KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below constitutes and appoints Peter Wrighton-Smith, Ph.D., RichardM. Altieri, and Elizabeth M. Keiley, and each of them, as his or her true and lawful attorneys-in-fact and agents, with full power of substitution and resubstitution,for him or her and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, and to file thesame, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-factand agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith,as fully to all intents and purposes as he or she might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming that all said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any ofthem or their or his or her substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof. Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant onFebruary 28, 2017 in the capacities indicated belo w . SignatureTitleDate /s/ Peter Wrighton-Smith, Ph.D. Chief Executive Officer and DirectorFebruary 28, 2017Peter Wrighton-Smith, Ph.D.(Principal Executive Officer) /s/ Richard M. Altieri Chief Financial OfficerFebruary 28, 2017Richard M. Altieri(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer) /s/ Richard A. Sandberg Chairman of the Board of DirectorsFebruary 28, 2017Richard A. Sandberg /s/ Ronald Andrews Jr. DirectorFebruary 28, 2017Ronald Andrews Jr. /s/ Patrick J. Balthrop, Sr. DirectorFebruary 28, 2017Patrick J. Balthrop, Sr. /s/ Patricia Randall DirectorFebruary 28, 2017Patricia Randall /s/ Herm Rosenman DirectorFebruary 28, 2017Herm Rosenman /s/ Stephen L. Spotts DirectorFebruary 28, 2017Stephen L. Spotts /s/ James R. Tobin DirectorFebruary 28, 2017James R. Tobin /s/ A. Scott Walton DirectorFebruary 28, 2017A. Scott Walton /s/ Richard M. Altieri Authorized Representative in the United StatesFebruary 28, 2017Richard M. Altieri 68Table of Contents Oxford Immunotec Global PLC Index to financial statements Audited consolidated financial statements Page Report of independent registered public accounting firmF-2 Consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015F-3 Consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014F-4 Consolidated statements of other comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014F-5 Consolidated statements of shareholders’ equity for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014F-6 Consolidated statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014F-7 Notes to the consolidated financial statementsF-9 F-1Table of Contents Report of independent registered public accounting firm The Board of Directors and Shareholders of Oxford Immunotec Global PLC: We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Oxford Immunotec Global PLC as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the related consolidatedstatements of operations, other comprehensive loss, shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016. Thesefinancial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on ouraudits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that weplan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. We were not engaged toperform an audit of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basisfor designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’sinternal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting theamounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating theoverall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Oxford Immunotec GlobalPLC at December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31,2016, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP Reading, United Kingdom February 28, 2017 F-2Table of Contents Oxford Immunotec Global PLCConsoli dated balance sheets(in thousands, except share and per share data) December 31, 201 6 201 5 Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents $59,110 $83,715 Accounts receivable, net 13,265 7,058 Inventory, net 7,437 7,099 Prepaid expenses and other 2,390 3,592 Total current assets 82,202 101,464 Restricted cash, non-current 200 80 Property and equipment, net 7,793 6,284 In-process research and development 16,170 1,782 Goodwill 3,822 45 Other intangible assets, net 11,017 179 Other assets 2,808 18 Total assets $124,012 $109,852 Liabilities and shareholders’ equity Current liabilities: Accounts payable $3,201 $3,799 Accrued liabilities 14,282 9,949 Contingent purchase price consideration 882 — Deferred income 41 1,654 Current portion of loans payable 84 79 Total current liabilities 18,490 15,481 Long-term portion of loans payable 29,601 386 Contingent purchase price consideration 2,593 1,293 Other liabilities 364 — Total liabilities 51,048 17,160 Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) Shareholders’ equity: Ordinary shares, £0.006705 nominal value; 36,183,293 shares authorized at December 31, 2016 and 2015,22,635,431 and 22,549,488 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively 243 243 Additional paid-in capital 249,128 244,033 Accumulated deficit (168,656) (146,307)Accumulated other comprehensive loss (7,751) (5,277)Total shareholders’ equity 72,964 92,692 Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity $124,012 $109,852 S ee accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements . F-3Table of Contents Oxford Immunotec Global PLCConsolidat ed statements of operations(in thousands, except share and per share data) Year ended December 31, 201 6 201 5 201 4 Revenue Product $36,430 $30,207 $25,407 Service 49,648 32,575 24,098 Total revenue 86,078 62,782 49,505 Cost of revenue Product 13,956 13,297 11,225 Service 25,516 16,247 12,784 Total cost of revenue 39,472 29,544 24,009 Gross profit 46,606 33,238 25,496 Operating expenses: Research and development 13,881 10,381 6,961 Sales and marketing 34,964 30,402 25,487 General and administrative 23,181 16,010 14,837 Change in fair value of contingent purchase price consideration (1,208) 202 72 Intangible assets impairment charges 1,765 419 — Total operating expenses 72,583 57,414 47,357 Loss from operations (25,977) (24,176) (21,861) Other income (expense): Interest expense, net (864) (67) (52)Foreign exchange gains (losses) 1,364 (143) (352)Other (expense) income (646) 54 245 Loss before income taxes (26,123) (24,332) (22,020)Income tax benefit (expense) 3,774 (146) (154) Net loss $(22,349) $(24,478) $(22,174) Net loss per ordinary share—basic and diluted $(1.00) $(1.12) $(1.28)Weighted-average shares used to compute net loss per ordinary share—basic and diluted 22,353,713 21,781,933 17,310,148 See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements. F-4Table of Contents Oxford Immunotec Global PLCConsolidat ed statements of other comprehensive loss(in thousands) Year ended December 31, 201 6 201 5 201 4 Net loss $(22,349) $(24,478) $(22,174)Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes: Foreign currency translation adjustment, net of taxes (2,474) (707) (822)Other comprehensive loss, net of taxes (2,474) (707) (822)Total comprehensive loss $(24,823) $(25,185) $(22,996) See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements . F-5Table of Contents Oxford Immunotec Global PLCConsolidate d statements of shareholders’ equity(in thousands) Ordinaryshares Additional paid-in capital Accumulated deficit Accumulatedother comprehensive loss Total shareholders’ equity Balance at December 31, 2013 $188 $183,967 $(99,655) $(3,748) $80,752 Exercise of share options 1 13 — — 14 Issuance of shares from option plan 3 (3) — — — Issuance of shares from exercise of warrants — 318 — — 318 Share-based compensation expense — 2,521 — — 2,521 Other comprehensive loss — — — (822) (822)Net loss — — (22,174) — (22,174)Balance at December 31, 2014 192 186,816 (121,829) (4,570) 60,609 Exercise of share options 1 19 — — 20 Issuance of shares in secondary offering 50 53,713 — — 53,763 Share-based compensation expense — 3,485 — — 3,485 Other comprehensive loss — — — (707) (707)Net loss — — (24,478) — (24,478)Balance at December 31, 2015 243 244,033 (146,307) (5,277) 92,692 Exercise of share options — 76 — — 76 Share-based compensation expense — 5,019 — — 5,019 Other comprehensive loss — — — (2,474) (2,474)Net loss — — (22,349) — (22,349)Balance at December 31, 2016 $243 $249,128 $(168,656) $(7,751) $72,964 See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements . F-6Table of Contents Oxford Immunotec Global PLCConsolida ted statements of cash flows(in thousands) Year ended December 31, 201 6 201 5 201 4 Cash flows from operating activities Net loss $(22,349) $(24,478) $(22,174) Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: Depreciation and amortization of intangible assets and loan fees 3,094 2,142 1,742 Change in fair value of contingent purchase price consideration 244 202 72 Write-off of contingent purchase price consideration (1,452) — — Intangible assets impairment charges 1,765 419 — Share-based compensation expense 5,019 3,485 2,521 Loss on change in fair value of warrants — — 22 Loss on disposal of property and equipment — 33 — Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable, net (6,515) (416) (2,311)Inventory, net (741) (893) (1,214)Prepaid expenses and other assets (2,926) (898) (594)Accounts payable (1,145) 1,363 (109)Accrued liabilities 4,753 2,742 696 Deferred income (1,668) (250) 572 Net cash used in operating activities (21,921) (16,549) (20,777) Cash flows from investing activities Purchases of property and equipment (2,383) (3,425) (3,014)Purchases of intangible assets — (43) (354)Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired (27,515) — (1,716)Proceeds on sales of property and equipment — 34 — Change in restricted cash (120) 312 57 Net cash used in investing activities (30,018) (3,122) (5,027) Cash flows from financing activities Proceeds from issuance of ordinary shares — 53,763 — Proceeds from exercise of share options 76 20 14 Proceeds from term loan, net 29,457 — — Discount on the line of credit (50) — — Debt issuance costs (289) — — Payments on loan (80) (122) (165)Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities 29,114 53,661 (151) Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents (1,780) (440) (374) Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents, excluding restricted cash (24,605) 33,550 (26,329)Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year 83,715 50,165 76,494 Cash and cash equivalents at end of year $59,110 $83,715 $50,165 See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements. F-7Table of Contents Oxford Immunotec Global PLCConsolidated statements of cash flows (continued)(in thousands) Year ended December 31, 201 6 201 5 201 4 Supplemental disclosures Cash paid for interest $450 $41 $50 Cash paid for taxes 141 50 115 Noncash investing and financing activities Warrants liability reclassified to additional paid-in capital upon exercise of warrants $— $— $318 See accompanying notes to these consolidated financial statements. F-8Table of Contents Oxford Immunotec Global PLCNotes to consolidated financial statements 1. Description of business and significant accounting policies Description of business Oxford Immunotec Global PLC, or the Company, is a global, high-growth diagnostics company focused on developing and commercializing proprietary tests forunder-served immune-regulated conditions. The Company’s current product lines and development activities principally focus on four areas: infectious diseases,transplantation, autoimmune and inflammatory disease and immune-oncology. The Company believes these areas are particularly attractive because they involvelarge patient populations and chronic conditions that present the opportunity for both initial diagnosis and additional testing to monitor the conditions. Theseimmune-regulated conditions also tend to be characterized by wide variation in presentation and progression and often require expensive therapies, makingdiagnostic tests that can better categorize patients and inform treatment pathways particularly useful. Lastly, the Company believes these conditions to be under-served as the industry lacks the appropriate techniques to prosecute the immune responses which are driving these conditions. On July 1, 2016, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Imugen, Inc., or Imugen, a privately owned Massachusetts corporation specializing in thedevelopment and performance of testing for tick-borne diseases, including Lyme disease. Using proprietary technology, the Company’s tests for tick-borne diseasesinform the diagnosis, prognosis and monitoring of tick-borne diseases, which if left untreated can become chronic infections. On October 12, 2016, the Company acquired Immunetics, Inc., or Immunetics, a privately owned Massachusetts corporation focused on developing specializedtests for infectious diseases, including tick-borne diseases, such as Lyme disease. Total consideration consisted of $6 million in cash and up to an additional $6million in cash payable on the achievement of certain revenue thresholds and pipeline related milestones over the next three years. Basis of presentation, accounting principles and principles of consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ofAmerica, or U.S. GAAP, and include the financial statements of Oxford Immunotec Global PLC, a company incorporated in England and Wales and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, collectively referred to as the Company. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. Segment reporting The Company operates in one operating segment. The Company’s chief operating decision maker, or the CODM, its chief executive officer, manages theCompany’s operations on an integrated basis for the purposes of allocating resources. When evaluating the Company’s financial performance, the CODM reviewsseparate revenue information for the Company’s product and service offerings and for each country, while all other financial information is on a combined basis.While the Company’s principal operations and decision-making functions are located in both the United States and United Kingdom, the CODM makes decisionson a global basis. Accordingly, the Company has determined that it operates in a single reporting segment. Use of estimates The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect thereported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and that affect the reported amounts of revenue and expendituresduring the reporting periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions used. Foreign currency translation The functional currency for Oxford Immunotec Global PLC is the U.S. Dollar. The functional currency for the Company’s operating subsidiaries are the PoundSterling for Oxford Immunotec Limited, the U.S. Dollar for Oxford Immunotec Inc. and Immunetics, Inc., the Yen for Oxford Immunotec K.K., the Yuan forOxford Immunotec (Shanghai) Medical Device Co. Ltd., the Euro for Boulder Diagnostics Europe GmbH and the Hong Kong Dollar for Oxford Immunotec AsiaLimited. Revenue and expenses of foreign operations are translated into U.S. Dollars at the average rates of exchange during the year. Assets and liabilities offoreign operations are translated into U.S. Dollars at year-end rates. The Company reflects resulting translation gains or losses in accumulated other comprehensiveincome, which is a component of shareholders’ equity. The Company does not record tax provisions or benefits for the net changes in foreign currency translationadjustments, as the Company intends to permanently reinvest undistributed earnings in its foreign subsidiaries. F-9Table of Contents Realized and unrealized foreign currency transaction gains or losses, arising from exchange rate fluctuations on balances denominated in currencies other than thefunctional currencies, are included in “Other income (expense)” in the consolidated statements of operations. Concentration of risks In the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company had two product customers that represented more than 10% of the Company’s annual revenue. The Company’sChinese distributor, Shanghai Fosun Long March Medical Science Co. Ltd., or Fosun, represented 15% of annual revenue and the Company’s Japanese importer,Riken Genesis Co., Ltd. represented 14% of annual revenue. The loss of either of these product customers could have a material impact on the Company’soperating results. Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with maturities at acquisition of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Companymaintains its available cash balances in cash, money market funds primarily invested in U.S. government securities, and bank savings accounts in the United States,United Kingdom, Germany, Japan and Hong Kong. The Company maintains deposits in government insured financial institutions in excess of government insuredlimits. Management believes that the Company is not exposed to significant credit risk due to the financial position of the depository institutions in which thosedeposits are held. Restricted cash relates to collateral for procurement cards issued by a U.S. commercial bank. Accounts receivable Accounts receivable are primarily amounts due from customers including hospitals, public health departments, commercial testing laboratories, distributors anduniversities in addition to third-party payors such as commercial insurance companies and government programs (Medicare and Medicaid). Accounts receivable are reported net of an allowance for uncollectible accounts. The process of estimating the collection of accounts receivable involves significantassumptions and judgments. Specifically, the accounts receivable allowance is based on management’s analysis of current and past due accounts, collectionexperience and other relevant information. The Company’s provision for uncollectible accounts is recorded as a bad debt expense and included in general andadministrative expenses. Account balances are written-off against the allowance when it is probable that the receivable will not be recovered. Although theCompany believes amounts provided are adequate, the ultimate amounts of uncollectible accounts receivable could be in excess of the amounts provided. Inventory Inventory consists of finished goods and raw materials. The Company does not maintain work in progress balances as the nature of the manufacturing process doesnot allow for test kits to be left in a partially manufactured state. Inventory is removed at cost. Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determinedby the actual cost of components by batch plus estimated labor and overhead costs per unit. Market value is based on an estimated selling price less any costsexpected to be incurred to completion and sale. The Company reviews the components of its inventory on a periodic basis for excess, obsolete or impairedinventory, and records a reserve for the identified items. Property and equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost. Property and equipment includes specialized shipping containers provided to customers, in the United States, fortransporting samples to the Company’s laboratory for testing. Property and equipment financed under capital leases are initially recorded at the present value ofminimum lease payments at the inception of the lease. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Property and equipment under capital leases and leaseholdimprovements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or estimated useful life of the asset. Depreciable lives range from threeto ten years for laboratory equipment, office equipment and furniture and fixtures and three years for software and specialized shipping containers. Revenue recognition The Company derives product revenue from the sale of its diagnostic test kits and related accessories to a broad range of customers including hospitals, publichealth departments, commercial testing laboratories, importers and distributors. Product revenue is generally paid directly by the customer and is recognized on an accrual basis when the following revenue recognition criteria are met:(1) persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists; (2) the product has been shipped or delivered in accordance with the shipping terms of the arrangement; (3) theprice is fixed or determinable and known at time of shipment; and (4) collectibility is reasonably assured. No product return rights are extended to customers of the Company. F-10Table of Contents The Company derives service revenue from tests performed on samples sent by customers to its diagnostic laboratories in the United States and the UnitedKingdom, and to contracted laboratories in other countries. Service revenue in the United Kingdom and revenue from direct bill customers in the United States are recognized on an accrual basis when the following revenuerecognition criteria are met: (1) persuasive evidence that an arrangement exists; (2) when the diagnostic result has been delivered; (3) the price is fixed ordeterminable; and (4) collectibility is reasonably assured. This service revenue is referred to as “direct-bill” sales because the Company receives payment directlyfrom the ordering entity. In the United States, the Company also generates revenue from payments that are received from a variety of third-party payors, including government programs(Medicare and Medicaid) and commercial insurance companies, each with different billing requirements. Revenue from tests paid by third-party payors is generallyrecognized on an accrual basis based on the Company’s historical collection experience. In certain instances, revenue is recognized on a cash basis when there isinsufficient historical collection experience. Taxes assessed by governmental authorities on revenue, including sales and value added taxes, are recorded on a net basis (excluded from revenue) in theconsolidated statements of operations. Cost of revenue: cost of product and cost of service Cost of product revenue consists primarily of costs incurred in the production process, including costs of raw materials and components, assembly labor andoverhead, quality management, royalties paid under licensing agreements, the U.S. medical device excise tax and packaging and delivery costs. Cost of service revenue consists primarily of costs incurred in the operation of the Company’s diagnostic laboratories including labor and overhead, kit costs,quality management, consumables used in the testing process and packaging and delivery costs. Shipping and handling The Company does not normally bill its service customers for shipping and handling charges. Charges relating to inbound and outbound freight costs are incurredby the Company and recorded within cost of service. The Company generally bills product customers for shipping and handling and records the customer payments as product revenue. The associated costs arerecorded as cost of product sold. Impairment of long-lived assets The Company evaluates its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may beimpaired, and assesses their recoverability based upon anticipated future cash flows. If changes in circumstances lead the Company to believe that any of its long-lived assets may be impaired, the Company will (a) evaluate the extent to which the remaining book value of the asset is recoverable by comparing the futureundiscounted cash flows estimated to be associated with the asset to the asset’s carrying amount and (b) write-down the carrying amount to fair value to the extentnecessary. Business combinations For acquisitions meeting the definition of a business combination, the Company allocates the purchase price, including any contingent consideration, to the assetsacquired and the liabilities assumed at their estimated fair values as of the date of the acquisition with any excess of the purchase price paid over the estimated fairvalue of net assets acquired recorded as goodwill. The fair value of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed is typically determined by using either estimates ofreplacement costs or discounted cash flow valuation methods. When determining the fair value of tangible assets acquired, the Company estimates the cost using the most appropriate valuation method with assistance fromindependent third-party specialists. When determining the fair value of intangible assets acquired, the Company uses judgment to estimate the applicable discountrate, growth rates and the timing and amount of future cash flows. The fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is typically determined by managementusing the assistance of independent third-party specialists. The assumptions used in calculating the fair value of tangible and intangible assets represent theCompany’s best estimates. If factors change and the Company were to use different assumptions, valuations of tangible and intangible assets and the resultinggoodwill balance related to the business combination could be materially different. Goodwill and indefinite-lived intangible assets Goodwill Goodwill is not amortized but is reviewed for impairment at least annually, or when events or changes in the business environment indicate that all, or a portion, ofthe carrying value of the reporting unit may no longer be recoverable, using the two-step impairment review. Under this method, the Company compares the fairvalue of the goodwill to its carrying value. If the fair value is less than the carrying amount, a more detailed analysis is performed to determine if goodwill isimpaired. An impairment loss, if any, is measured as the excess of the carrying value of goodwill over the fair value of goodwill. The Company also has the optionto first assess qualitative factors to determine whether the existence of events or circumstances leads it to determine that it is more likely than not (that is, alikelihood of more than 50%) that goodwill is impaired. If the Company chooses to first assess qualitative factors and it is determined that it is not more likely thannot goodwill is impaired, it is not required to take further action to test for impairment. The Company also has the option to bypass the qualitative assessment andperform only the quantitative impairment test, which it may choose to do in some periods but not in others. F-11Table of Contents Indefinite-lived intangible assets The Company’s indefinite-lived intangible assets consist of acquired in-process research and development, or IPR&D, related to the Company’s businesscombinations with Boulder, Imugen and Immunetics, which were recorded at fair value on the acquisition dates. IPR&D intangible assets are considered indefinite-lived intangible assets until completion or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts. IPR&D is not amortized but is reviewed forimpairment at least annually, or when events or changes in the business environment indicate the carrying value may be impaired. If the fair value of the intangibleasset is less than the carrying amount, the Company performs a quantitative test to determine the fair value. The impairment loss, if any, is measured as the excessof the carrying value of the intangible asset over its fair value. The Company also has the option to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether theexistence of events or circumstances leads it to determine that it is more likely than not (that is, a likelihood of more than 50%) that its indefinite-lived intangibleasset is impaired. If the Company chooses to first assess qualitative factors and it is determined that it is not more likely than not its indefinite-lived intangible assetis impaired, it is not required to take further action to test for impairment. The Company also has the option to bypass the qualitative assessment and perform onlythe quantitative impairment test, which it may choose to do in some periods but not in others. The determinations as to whether, and, if so, the extent to which, acquired IPR&D become impaired are highly judgmental and based on significant assumptionsregarding the projected future financial condition and operating results, changes in the manner of the use and development of the acquired assets, the Company’soverall business strategy, and regulatory, market and economic environment and trends. Definite-lived intangible assets Intangible assets include technology licenses which are capitalized and amortized over estimated useful lives (generally in the range of five to twenty years) usingthe straight-line method. On an ongoing basis, the Company assesses the recoverability of its intangible assets by determining its ability to generate undiscountedfuture cash flows sufficient to recover the unamortized balances over the remaining useful lives. Intangible assets determined to be unrecoverable are expensed inthe period in which the determination is made. Derivative financial instruments The Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market, interest rate or foreign currency risks. The Company reviews the terms of the shares it issues to determine whether there are embedded derivative instruments, including embedded conversion options,which are required to be bifurcated and accounted for separately as derivative financial instruments. In circumstances where the host instrument contains more thanone embedded derivative instrument, including the conversion option, that is required to be bifurcated, the bifurcated derivative instruments are accounted for as asingle, compound derivative instrument. Bifurcated embedded derivatives are initially recorded at fair value and are then revalued at each reporting date with changes in the fair value reported as otherincome or expense. When equity instruments contain embedded derivative instruments that are to be bifurcated and accounted for as liabilities, the total proceedsreceived are first allocated to the fair value of all the bifurcated derivative instruments. The remaining proceeds, if any, are then allocated to the host instrumentsthemselves, usually resulting in those instruments being recorded at a discount from their face value. Fair value of financial instruments The Company measures certain financial assets and liabilities at fair value based on the price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability in theprincipal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, theCompany’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, and other accounts payable, accrued liabilities, andloans payable. See Note 2 “Fair value measurement,” to the consolidated financial statements for further information on the fair value of the Company’s financialinstruments. Research and development expenses Research and development expenses include all costs associated with the development of the Company’s T-SPOT technology platform and potential futureproducts including new diagnostic tests that utilize the T-SPOT technology platform and are charged to expense as incurred. In addition, with the acquisition ofBoulder in 2014 and the acquisitions of Imugen and Immunetics in 2016, the Company has expanded its research efforts to include assays for tick-borne diseases.Research and development expenses include direct costs and an allocation of indirect costs, including amortization, depreciation, rent, supplies, insurance, andrepairs and maintenance. F-12Table of Contents Share-based compensation The Company accounts for share-based compensation arrangements with employees, officers and directors by recognizing compensation expense based on thegrant date fair value of share-based transactions in the consolidated financial statements. Share-based compensation for options is based on the fair value of the underlying option calculated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model on the date ofgrant for share options and recognized as expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. Determining the appropriate fair value model and relatedassumptions requires judgment, including estimating share price volatility, expected term and forfeiture rates. The expected volatility rates are estimated based onthe actual volatility of comparable public companies over a historical period equal in length to the expected term. The expected terms represent the average timethat options are expected to be outstanding based on the midpoint between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term of the award. Forfeitures areestimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The Company has not paid dividendsand does not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future and, accordingly, uses an expected dividend yield of zero. The risk-free interest rate is basedon the rate of U.S. Treasury securities with maturities consistent with the estimated expected term of the awards. Certain employees have been granted restricted share units, or RSUs, and restricted shares. The fair value of RSUs and restricted shares are calculated based on theclosing sale price of the Company’s ordinary shares on the date of grant. The cumulative expense recognized for share-based transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the vesting period hasexpired and the Company’s best estimate of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The charge or credit for a period represents the movement incumulative expense recognized as of the beginning and end of that period. No expense is recognized for awards that do not ultimately vest. Where the terms of an equity award are modified, the minimum expense recognized is the expense as if the terms had not been modified if the original terms of theaward are met. An additional expense is recognized for any modification that increases the total fair value of the share-based compensation, or is otherwisebeneficial to the employee as measured at the date of modification. Where a share-based compensation award is cancelled, it is treated as if it had vested on the date of cancellation, and any expense not yet recognized for the awardis recognized immediately. However, if a new award is substituted for the cancelled award, and designated as a replacement award on the date it is granted, thecancelled and new awards are treated as if they were a modification of the original award, as described in the previous paragraph. Upon exercise, share options are redeemed for newly issued ordinary shares. Income taxes The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, which requires, among other things, that deferred income taxes be provided fortemporary differences between the tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities and its financial statement reported amounts. In addition, deferred tax assets arerecorded for the future benefit of utilizing net operating losses and research and development credit carryforwards. A valuation allowance is established whennecessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. The Company adheres to the accounting guidance for uncertainties in income taxes, which prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process forrecording in the financial statements uncertain tax positions taken, or expected to be taken, in a tax return. The Company accrues for the estimated amount of taxesfor uncertain tax positions if it is more likely than not that the Company would be required to pay such additional taxes. An uncertain tax position will not berecognized if it has less than a 50% likelihood of being sustained. The Company does not have any accrued interest or penalties associated with any unrecognizedtax positions for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015. Basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share Basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share is determined by dividing net loss by the weighted-average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the period.As the Company reports net losses, outstanding share options, RSUs and restricted shares have not been included in the calculation of diluted net loss per sharebecause to do so would be anti-dilutive. Accordingly, the numerator and the denominator used in computing both basic and diluted net loss per ordinary share foreach period are the same. Recent accounting pronouncements In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts withCustomers , or ASU 2014-09, which converges the FASB and the International Accounting Standards Board standards on revenue recognition. Under ASU 2014-09, a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which thecompany expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. In addition, ASU 2014-09 requires certain additional disclosures around the nature,amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. This guidance will be effective for the Company for annual andinterim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The guidanceallows for either “full retrospective” adoption, meaning the standard is applied to all of the periods presented, or “modified retrospective” adoption, meaning thestandard is applied only to the most current period presented in the financial statements. The FASB has recently issued several amendments to the standard,including clarification on accounting for licenses of intellectual property, identifying performance obligations and other technical corrections. The Companycurrently anticipates adopting ASU 2014-09 in the first quarter of 2018 and currently intends to apply the “modified retrospective” approach. The Company is stillevaluating ASU 2014-09 and has not yet determined how it may impact its financial position, results of operations or related disclosures. F-13Table of Contents In August 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-15, Presentation of Financial Statements - Going Concern , or ASU 2014-15. ASU 2014-15 is effective for annualperiods ending after December 15, 2016 and all annual and interim periods thereafter. Early application is permitted. ASU 2014-15 requires that managementevaluate at each annual and interim reporting period whether there is a substantial doubt about an entity’s ability to continue as a going concern within one year ofthe date that the financial statements are issued. The Company adopted ASU 2014-15 on October 1, 2016 and there was no impact on its financial position, resultsof operations or related disclosures. In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-11, Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory , or ASU 2015-11. ASU 2015-11 requires that an entity should measureinventory within the scope of ASU 2015-11 at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling prices in the ordinary courseof business, less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal, and transportation. This guidance will be effective for the Company for annual and interimperiods beginning after December 15, 2016. The amendments in ASU 2015-11 are to be applied prospectively with earlier application permitted as of the beginningof an interim or annual reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2015-11 but does not anticipate that adoption of this guidance will have amaterial impact on its financial position, results of operations or related disclosures. In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, Leases , or ASU 2016-02. ASU 2016-02 requires lessees to put most leases on their balance sheets but recognizeexpenses on their income statements in a manner similar to current accounting. The guidance also eliminates real estate-specific provisions for all entities. The newguidance will be effective for the Company for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. In transition, lessees and lessors are required torecognize and measure leases at the beginning of the earliest period presented using a modified retrospective approach. Early adoption is permitted. The Companyis currently evaluating ASU 2016-02 and has not yet determined how it may impact its financial position, results of operations or related disclosures. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting , or ASU 2016-09. ASU 2016-09 is intended tosimplify several areas of accounting for share-based compensation arrangements, including the income tax impact, classification on the statement of cash flows andforfeitures. The new guidance will be effective for the Company for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2016. Early adoption is permitted.The guidance can be applied using a modified retrospective, retrospective, or prospective transition method, depending on a specific amendment. The Companydoes not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-09 to have a material impact on financial position, results of operations or related disclosures. In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses , or ASU 2016-13. ASU 2016-13 requires a financial asset (or a group offinancial assets) measured at amortized cost basis to be presented at the net amount expected to be collected. Under current U.S. GAAP, a company onlyconsidered past events and current conditions in measuring an incurred loss. Under ASU 2016-13, the information that a company must consider is broadened indeveloping an expected credit loss estimate for assets measured either collectively or individually. The use of forecasted information incorporates more timelyinformation in the estimate of expected credit loss. The new guidance will be effective for the Company for annual and interim periods beginning after December15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The guidance is applied using a modified retrospective, orprospective approach, depending on a specific amendment. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2016-13 and has not yet determined how it may impact itsfinancial position, results of operations or related disclosures. In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments , or ASU 2016-15. ASU 2016-15 is intended toreduce the diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The new guidance willbe effective for the Company for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interimperiod. The guidance should be applied retrospectively. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2016-15 and has not yet determined how it may impact itsstatement of cash flows. In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-16, Income Taxes , or ASU 2016-16. The guidance requires companies to recognize the income tax effects ofintercompany sales and transfers of assets, other than inventory, in the income statement as income tax expense (or benefit) in the period in which the transferoccurs. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual reportingperiod. ASU 2016-16 amendments should be applied on a modified retrospective basis. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of ASU2016-16 on its financial position, results of operations or related disclosures. F-14Table of Contents In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Restricted Cash , or ASU 2016-18. ASU 2016-18 requires that a statement of cash flows explain the changeduring the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. The guidance should beapplied retrospectively and is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption ispermitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2016-18 to have a material effect on its statement of cashflows. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Business Combinations , or ASU 2017-01. ASU 2017-01 clarifies the definition of a business with the objectiveof adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The newguidance will be effective for the Company for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. The guidanceshould be applied on a prospective basis and early adoption is not permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adoption of ASU 2017-01 on itsfinancial position, results of operations or related disclosures. In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other , or ASU 2017-04. ASU 2017-04 simplifies subsequent measurement ofgoodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the goodwill impairment test. The new guidance will be applied on a prospective basis. ASU 2017-04 will be effective for theCompany for annual or any interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2017-04 and has not yet determined how it may impact its financial position, results of operations or related disclosures. Under the U.S. Jumpstart our Business Startups Act, or the JOBS Act, emerging growth companies that become public can delay adopting new or revisedaccounting standards until such time as those standards apply to private companies. The Company irrevocably elected not to avail itself of this exemption from newor revised accounting standards and, therefore, it is subject to the same new or revised accounting standards as public companies that are not emerging growthcompanies. 2. Fair value measurement As a basis for determining the fair value of certain of the Company’s financial instruments, the Company utilizes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes theinputs used in measuring fair value as follows: Level I—Observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level II—Observable inputs, other than Level I prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in markets that are not active or otherinputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level III—Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This hierarchy requires the Company to use observable market data, when available, and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs when determining fair value.The carrying amount of certain of the Company’s financial instruments, including cash, accounts receivable, prepaid expenses and other assets, accounts payable,and accrued liabilities approximate fair value due to their short maturities. Assets and liabilities measured at fair value are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. TheCompany’s assessment of the significance of a particular input to the entire fair value measurement requires management to make judgments and consider factorsspecific to the asset or liability. F-15Table of Contents The following tables present information about the balances of liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicates the fair value hierarchy of thevaluation techniques it utilized to determine such fair value. In general, fair values determined by Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices (unadjusted) in active marketsfor identical assets or liabilities. Fair values determined by Level 2 inputs utilize data points that are observable such as quoted prices, interest rates, and yieldcurves. Fair values determined by Level 3 inputs are unobservable data points for the asset or liability, and include situations where there is little, if any, marketactivity for the asset or liability. The Company did not have any financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair v alue m easurements at December 31, 201 6 u sing (in thousands) December 31, 201 6 Quoted p rices in a ctive m arketsfor i dentical a ssets (Level 1) Significant o ther observable i nputs (Level 2) Significant u nobservable i nputs (Level 3) Liabilities: Contingent purchase price consideration $3,475 $— $— $3,475 Total $3,475 $— $— $3,475 Fair v alue m easurements at December 31, 201 5 u sing (in thousands) December 31, 201 5 Quoted p rices in a ctive m arketsfor i dentical a ssets (Level 1) Significant o ther observable i nputs (Level 2) Significant u nobservable i nputs (Level 3) Liabilities: Contingent purchase price consideration $1,293 $— $— $1,293 Total $1,293 $— $— $1,293 The following tables provide a summary of changes in the fair value of the Company's Level 3 financial liabilities for the years ended December 31: (in thousands) 201 6 Balance – beginning $1,293 Immunetics acquisition (Note 17) 3,444 Change in fair value of contingent purchase price consideration 244 Write-off of Boulder contingent purchase price consideration (1,452)Foreign currency adjustment (54)Balance – ending $3,475 (in thousands) 2015 Balance – beginning $1,218 Change in fair value of c ontingent purchase price consideration 202 Foreign currency adjustment (127)Balance – ending $1,293 During the fourth quarter of 2016, the decision was made to halt research on the GoutiFind test, which was an assay intended to allow early diagnosis of gout and tobetter inform therapies by measuring the strength of the underlying uric acid induced inflammation. Based on this decision, the Company wrote off the relatedcontingent purchase price consideration of $901,000. During the same quarter, the Company determined that the SpiroFind assay developed using IPR&D fromBoulder would not qualify for future milestone payments. Due to this fact, the Company wrote off the related contingent purchase price consideration of $551,000.Both charges have been included in the line “Change in fair value of contingent purchase price consideration” in the consolidated statements of operations. Similarcharges recorded in prior years have been reclassified out of research and development expense for comparative purposes. F-16Table of Contents On October 12, 2016, the Company acquired Immunetics, a Massachusetts based diagnostics company focused on developing specialized tests for infectiousdiseases, including tick-borne diseases, such as Lyme disease. The terms of the purchase agreement included contingent purchase price consideration consisting ofup to an additional $6.0 million in cash payable on the achievement of certain revenue thresholds and pipeline related milestones over the next three years . The fairvalue of these milestone payments has been estimated to be $3.4 million on the date of acquisition based on significant assumptions, including the probabilities ofmilestone occurrence, the expected timing of milestone payments, and a discount rate of 4.4%, which are considered as Level 3 inputs. The Company has a term loan outstanding under the MidCap agreement. The amount outstanding on its 2016 term loan is reported at its carrying value in theaccompanying balance sheet. The estimated fair value of the term loan as of December 31, 2016, based upon current market rates for similar borrowings, asmeasured using Level 2 inputs, approximates the carrying amount as presented on the consolidated balance sheet. 3. Accounts receivable , net Accounts receivable, net, consisted of the following as of: December 31, (in thousands) 201 6 201 5 Accounts receivable $14,050 $7,372 Less allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable (785) (314)Accounts receivable, net $13,265 $7,058 Activity for the allowance for uncollectible accounts receivable is as follows: December 31, (in thousands) 201 6 201 5 201 4 Balance at beginning of period $(314) $(114) $(165)Provision for bad debt expense (471) (200) — Write-off, net of recoveries — — 51 Balance at end of period $(785) $(314) $(114) 4. Inventory , net Inventory consisted of the following as of: December 31, (in thousands) 201 6 201 5 Raw materials $4,928 $3,925 Finished goods 2,509 3,174 Inventory $7,437 $7,099 F-17Table of Contents 5. Property and equipment, net Property and equipment, net consists of the following as of: December 31, (in thousands) 201 6 201 5 Laboratory equipment $5,971 $4,865 Leasehold improvements 3,199 2,783 Office equipment, furniture and fixtures 3,364 2,841 Software 1,479 1,172 Specialized shipping containers 2,655 2,177 Construction in progress 848 200 Property and equipment 17,516 14,038 Less accumulated depreciation (9,723) (7,754)Property and equipment, net $7,793 $6,284 For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, the Company recorded depreciation expense of $2.6 million, $2.0 million, and $1.7 million, respectively.Depreciation expense includes amortization of capital leases. Depreciable lives range from three to ten years for laboratory equipment, office equipment, leasehold improvements, and furniture and fixtures and three years forsoftware and specialized shipping containers. For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, there were no material capital leases, disposals or retirements. 6. Goodwill and i ntangible assets The following table sets forth the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2016 (in thousands): Balance at December 31, 2014 $50 Foreign currency adjustment (5)Balance at December 31, 2015 45 Imugen acquisition (Note 17) 2,645 Immunetics acquisition (Note 17) 1,177 Impairment charge – Boulder goodwill (43)Foreign currency adjustment (2)Balance at December 31, 2016 $3,822 F-18Table of Contents Acquired intangible assets consisted of the following as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 (in thousands): As of December 31 , 2016 Amortizationperiod (years) Gross carryingamount AccumulatedAmortization Net carryingamount Imugen in-process research and development Indefinite $9,200 $— $9,200 Imugen technology - clinical 15 5,100 170 4,930 Imugen customer relationships 10 2,700 135 2,565 Imugen trademarks / trade names 16 1,900 59 1,841 Immunetics in-process research and development Indefinite 6,970 — 6,970 Immunetics technology – clinical 15 860 9 851 Immunetics customer relationships 5-11 400 11 389 Immunetics trade name 5 290 9 281 Immunetics grants 2 50 4 46 Other 5-10 632 518 114 Total $28,102 $915 $27,187 As of December 31, 2015 Amortizationperiod (years) Gross carryingamount AccumulatedAmortization Net carryingamount Boulder in-process research and development Indefinite $1,782 $— $1,782 Other 5-10 758 579 179 Total $2,540 $579 $1,961 The weighted average amortization period of our finite-lived intangible assets is 13 years. Amortization expense for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and2014 was $435,000, $92,000 and $43,000, respectively. Amortization expense related to acquired intangible assets is estimated at $1.0 million per year for theyears ending 2017 and 2018 and $0.9 million per year for each of the years ending 2019 through 2021. The acquired IPR&D assets include $9.2 million for IPR&D acquired in conjunction with the Imugen acquisition and $7.0 million for IPR&D acquired inconjunction with the Immunetics acquisition. During the fourth quarter of 2016, we recorded a non-cash IPR&D impairment charge of $1.4 million related to anassay for Lyme disease that was acquired in conjunction with the Boulder acquisition when it was determined that the Boulder IPR&D will not directly yield anyproducts. IPR&D acquired in a business combination is capitalized at fair value and is subject to impairment testing at least annually until the underlying project iscompleted. Once the project is completed, the carrying value of IPR&D is amortized over the estimated useful life of the asset. Post-acquisition research anddevelopment expenses related to the acquired IPR&D are expensed as incurred. For more information on the acquisitions, see Note 17 “Acquisition activity”. F-19Table of Contents 7. Accrued liabilities Accrued liabilities consist of the following as of: December 31, (in thousands) 201 6 201 5 Employee related expenses $6,592 $4,478 Royalties 4,423 3,498 Clinical trials 1,135 442 Professional services 387 333 Sales and use taxes payable 155 193 Other accrued liabilities 1,590 1,005 Total accrued liabilities $14,282 $9,949 8 . Loans payable In June 2013, in conjunction with the lease for approximately 14,500 square feet of office space in Marlborough, Massachusetts, the Company received a paymentof $582,000 from the landlord, representing approximately 80% of the cost to build-out the facility. In accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification840, Leases , this reimbursement was recorded as a liability in loans payable and is being amortized over the life of the lease. At December 31, 2016, $71,000 isincluded in the balance sheet in current portion of loans payable and $236,000 is included in long-term portion of loans payable. On October 4, 2016, the Company entered into an agreement with MidCap Financial, or the MidCap agreement, that provides it with $40 million in debt financing,comprised of both a term loan and a revolving line of credit. The MidCap agreement provides the Company with a term loan of $30 million, which matures fiveyears from closing. The term loan accrues interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 7.60% with interest only payments for the first 24 months, with the ability to extend to48 months subject to certain conditions, before the loan begins to amortize. The MidCap agreement also provides the Company with a revolving line of credit of upto $10 million, which matures five years from closing. The revolving line of credit accrues interest at a rate of LIBOR plus 4.45%. The Company is also required topay the lenders an unused line fee equal to 0.50% per annum of the average unused portion of the revolving line of credit. Based on certain conditions, both theterm loan and revolving line of credit may be increased by an additional $10 million for a total of $60 million. If the credit facility is terminated prior to the end of the term, the Company will pay to the lenders a fee as compensation for the costs of being prepared to makefunds available to the Company throughout the term equal to an amount determined by multiplying the revolving line of credit commitment amount by 3.0% in thefirst year, 2.0% in the second year, and 1.0% in the third year and thereafter. Upon repayment in full of the loan, the Company is obligated to make a final paymentfee equal to 6% of the aggregate loan amount. The credit facility is collateralized by a perfected first priority security interest in all existing and after-acquired assets of the Company. Under the Credit Agreement, the Company is subject to affirmative covenants which are customary for financings of this type, including, but not limited to, theobligations of the Company to: (i) deliver financial statements and other reports to MidCap, (ii) maintain insurance, (iii) maintain good standing, (iv) comply withall laws and material contracts, (v) provide certain other information and notices to MidCap, and (vi) protect the Company’s intellectual property. The Company is also subject to negative covenants customary for financings of this type, including, but not limited to, that without the prior consent of MidCap,the Company may not: (i) incur additional indebtedness, (ii) incur liens on the collateral, (iii) declare, order or set apart any distribution without permission, (iv)enter into a merger or consolidation or certain change of control events, or acquire another company, (v) amend material agreements or organizational documents,or (vi) enter into certain transactions with affiliates, in each case subject to certain exceptions provided for in the MidCap agreement. The Company is also subject to financial covenants customary to financings of this type, which require the Company to achieve quarterly targets based on trailing12 months net revenue. As of December 31, 2016, the Company was in compliance with all its covenants. F-20Table of Contents The MidCap Agreement provides that events of default include: (i) failure to make payment of principal or interest when required, (ii) failure to performobligations under the MidCap agreement and related documents, (iii) defaults in other indebtedness and breaches of material agreements of the Company, (iv)voluntary case or other proceeding by the Company seeking liquidation, reorganization or other relief, (v) if the Company ceases to be a publicly-listed andreporting company and (vi) certain other events, including certain adverse actions taken by the FDA, CMS or other governmental authorities. Upon an event ofdefault, the Company’s obligations under the MidCap agreement may, or in the event of insolvency or bankruptcy will automatically, be accelerated. The balance of the secured term loan due to MidCap as of December 31, 2016 is $30 million, and is recorded in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet, netof unamortized discount and debt issuance costs. Future minimum payments required under the term loan and the revolving line of credit as of December 31, 2016 are as follows: (in thousands) Term Loan 2017 $— 2018 1,667 2019 10,000 2020 10,000 2021 8,333 Thereafter — Total minimum payments $30,000 In addition to the MidCap term loan payments listed above, the Company is required to pay an exit fee of 6.0% of the aggregate principal amount of all term loanborrowings (currently equal to $1.8 million). T he 6% exit fee of $1.8 million is being accreted to interest expense through the maturity of the MidCap loan. The Company did not borrow under the revolving line of credit during 2016. 9 . Share capital On January 29, 2015, the Company entered into an underwriting agreement, or the Underwriting Agreement, with J.P. Morgan Securities LLC and Piper Jaffray &Co., as representatives of the several underwriters named therein, collectively, the Underwriters, relating to the public offering, or the Offering, of 4,255,319ordinary shares, nominal value £0.006705, or the Shares, at an offering price to the public of $11.75 per Share, or the Offering Price. The Underwriters agreed topurchase the Shares from the Company pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement at a price of $11.045 per share. Under the terms of the Underwriting Agreement,the Company granted the Underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 638,297 Shares, or the Option Shares, at the Offering Price, lessunderwriting discounts and commissions. On January 30, 2015, the Underwriters exercised their option to purchase the Option Shares in full. The gross proceeds tothe Company from the sale of the Shares and the Option Shares were approximately $57.5 million and the Company received net proceeds of approximately $53.8million after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated aggregate offering expenses payable by the Company. The Offering closed onFebruary 4, 2015. During 2016, 85,943 ordinary shares were issued upon the exercise of options. As of December 31, 2016, there were 36,183,293 ordinary shares authorized and22,635,431 ordinary shares issued and outstanding. 1 0 . Share option and equity incentive plans The Company has issued share options since 2003, restricted shares since 2014 and RSUs since 2015 to incentivize employees and directors providing services tothe Company. The Company currently maintains two equity compensation plans, the Amended and Restated 2008 Stock Incentive Plan and the 2013 ShareIncentive Plan (the Plans). With the adoption of the 2013 Share Incentive Plan, the Company is no longer authorized to grant awards under the Amended andRestated 2008 Stock Incentive Plan. In November 2013, in connection with the Company’s IPO, the Company adopted the 2013 Share Incentive Plan (the 2013 Plan) which provides for the grant ofshare options, restricted shares, RSUs and other share-based awards to employees, officers, directors and consultants of the Company. The 2013 Plan authorizes theCompany to grant up to 2,684,563 ordinary shares with such amount automatically increasing annually on each January 1 through January 1, 2023 by 4% of thenumber of shares outstanding on the close of business of the immediately preceding December 31 , provided that the Board of Directors may limit the increase toa smaller amount or to no increase in any given year. At December 31, 2016, there were 2,004,074 shares available for future issuance under the 2013 Plan. F-21st st Table of Contents Under both the 2008 Plan and the 2013 Plan, share options, and only under the 2013 Plan, restricted shares and RSUs, have been granted to employees, officers anddirectors who provide services to the Company. Options generally vest based on the grantee’s continued service with the Company during a specified periodfollowing grant or, in rare instances, based on the achievement of performance or other conditions as determined by the Board of Directors, and expire after tenyears. Option awards to employees generally vest monthly over a four year period. For options granted prior to 2015, the vesting percentage was generally 0% untilthe second anniversary of the vesting start date of the employee’s first option award under the 2008 Plan and either the second anniversary of the employee’s dateof hire or the first day of the month following the second anniversary of the employee’s date of hire under the 2013 Plan. Effective with 2015, the Company begangranting options that vest in equal parts over four years starting on the vesting start date. Generally, restricted shares and RSUs vest based on the grantees’continued service with the Company during a specified period following grant as follows: 40% on the second anniversary of the grant date; 30% on the thirdanniversary of the grant date; and 30% on the fourth anniversary of the grant date. The fair value of the options was estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option pricing model, taking into account the terms and conditions upon whichoptions are granted. The fair value of the options is amortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the awards. The weighted-average grantdate fair value per share relating to share options granted under the Plans during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $4.53, $6.33 and $9.32,respectively. Share-based compensation expense for restricted shares and RSUs is calculated based on the grant date market price of the shares and is alsoamortized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the awards. The fair value of each option granted under the Plans has been calculated on the date of grant using the following assumptions: 201 6 201 5 201 4 Expected dividend yield (%) — — — Expected volatility (%) 43.70 44.11 46.87 Risk-free interest rate (%) 1.53 1.66 1.86 Expected life of option (years) 6.16 6.19 6.19 Weighted-average share price ($) 10.29 14.15 19.66 Weighted-average exercise price ($) 10.29 14.15 19.66 Model used Black-Scholes Model Black-Scholes Model Black-Scholes Model Expected dividend yield: The Company has not paid and does not anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future. Expected volatility: As the Company operated as a private company until November 2013, there is not sufficient historical volatility for the expected term of theoptions. Therefore, the Company used an average share price volatility over a historical period equal in length to the expected term, based on an analysis ofreported data for a peer group of comparable companies which were selected based upon industry similarities. The Company intends to continue to use comparablecompanies in its volatility factor calculation until a sufficient amount of historical information regarding the volatility of its own share price becomes available. Risk-free interest rate: The Company determined the risk-free interest rate by using a weighted-average equivalent to the expected term based on the U.S. Treasuryyield curve in effect as of the date of grant. Expected life of options (in years): Expected life of options represents the period that the Company’s share option grants are expected to be outstanding. As theCompany operated as a private company until November 2013, there is not sufficient historical share data to calculate the expected term of the options. Therefore,the Company elected to utilize the “simplified” method to value share option grants. Under this approach, the weighted-average expected life is presumed to be theaverage of the vesting term and the contractual term of the option. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from estimates. The Company estimatesforfeitures based on historical termination behavior. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, a forfeiture rate of 5% was applied. The following table illustrates the number of ordinary shares and weighted-average exercise prices, or WAEP, of, and movements in, share options during the year: Number ofordinaryshares WAEP Outstanding as of January 1, 2016 2,425,426 $9.03 Granted 749,964 10.29 Exercised (85,943) 0.82 Forfeited (239,667) 14.27 Outstanding as of December 31, 2016 2,849,780 9.15 Vested or expected to vest as of December 31, 2016 2,790,851 $9.08 Exercisable as of December 31, 2016 1,671,179 $6.81 F-22Table of Contents The following table illustrates the number of restricted shares and RSUs, and weighted-average fair value, or WAFV, of, and movements in, restricted shares andRSUs during the year: Number ofordinaryshares WAFV Unvested balance as of January 1, 2016 366,739 $19.72 Granted 108,361 10.21 Cancelled (57,530) 16.17 Vested (88,105) 22.99 Unvested balance as of December 31, 2016 329,465 16.34 As of December 31, 2016, there was $5.0 million and $3.3 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share options and unvestedrestricted shares and RSUs, respectively, granted under the Plans. The cost for unvested share options and unvested restricted shares and RSUs is expected to berecognized over weighted-average periods of 2.4 years and 1.9 years, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value of all share options outstanding under the Plans as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $19.2 million and $12.6 million, respectively.The aggregate intrinsic value of share options that were fully vested under the Plans as of December 31, 2016 was $15.6 million. During the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, current and former employees of the Company exercised a total of 85,943, 41,222 and 65,054 shareoptions, respectively, resulting in total proceeds of $76,000 during 2016, $20,000 during 2015 and $14,000 during 2014. The intrinsic value of share optionsexercised during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $1.0 million, $0.5 million and $0.9 million, respectively. In accordance with Companypolicy, the shares were issued from a pool of shares reserved for issuance under the Plans described above. A summary of the activity of the Company’s unvested share options is as follows: Numberof shares Weighted-average grantdate fair value Balance as of December 31, 2015 1,124,443 $6.53 Granted 749,964 4.53 Vested (479,295) 5.92 Forfeited (216,510) 6.08 Balance as of December 31, 2016 1,178,602 5.61 The total fair value of shares vested for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $2.9 million, $1.9 million and $1.0 million, respectively. The impact on the Company’s results of operations from share-based compensation for the years ended December 31, 2016 , 2015 and 2014 , was as follows: (in thousands) 2016 2015 201 4 Cost of revenue $57 $529 $330 Research and development 548 86 87 Sales and marketing 1,725 1,045 949 General and administrative 2,689 1,825 1,155 Total share-based compensation $5,019 $3,485 $2,521 For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company incurred shared-based compensation expense related to share options, and restricted shares and RSUs ofapproximately $3.2 million and $1.8 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company incurred shared-based compensation expenserelated to share options, and restricted shares and RSUs of approximately $2.4 million and $1.1 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2014, theCompany incurred shared-based compensation expense related to share options and restricted shares of approximately $1.6 million and $0.9 million, respectively. F-23Table of Contents 1 1 . Net loss per ordinary share The following table provides a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in computing basic and diluted net loss per share: Year ended December 31, ( $ i n thousands ) 201 6 201 5 201 4 Numerator: Net loss per ordinary share $(22,349) $(24,478) $(22,174) Denominator: Weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding-basic 22,353,713 21,781,933 17,310,148 Dilutive effect of ordinary share equivalents resulting from ordinary share options,ordinary share warrants and preferred ordinary shares (as converted) — — — Weighted-average ordinary shares outstanding-diluted 22,353,713 21,781,933 17,310,148 The following numbers of outstanding ordinary share options, restricted shares and RSUs were excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share for theperiods presented because their effect would have been anti-dilutive: Year ended December 31, 201 6 201 5 201 4 Options to purchase ordinary shares 1,065,655 1,108,240 1,194,612 Unvested restricted shares and RSUs 329,465 366,739 275,500 12. Income taxes The components of loss before income taxes are as follows for the years ended December 31: (in thousands) 201 6 201 5 201 4 Domestic (United Kingdom) $(730) $1,400 $(158)Foreign (United States) (25,393) (25,732) (21,862)Loss before income taxes $(26,123) $(24,332) $(22,020) The components for the income tax benefit (expense) are as follows for the years ended December 31: (in thousands) 201 6 201 5 20 14 Current: Federal $— $— $— U.K. — — — Japan (85) (116) (119) China (12) — — State (51) (30) (35) Total current provision (148) (146) (154) Deferred: Federal 752 — — U.K. 2,630 — — State 540 — — Total deferred benefit 3,922 — — Income tax benefit (expense) 3,774 (146) (154) Deferred income taxes reflect the net tax effect of temporary differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes andthe amounts used for income tax purposes. F-24Table of Contents The Company’s effective income tax rate differs from the statutory domestic (United Kingdom) income tax rate as follows for the years ended December 31: 201 6 201 5 201 4 Income tax rate 20.0% 20.3% 21.5%U.K. research and development credit 1.8 1.3 1.7 Other (2.1) (1.1) (1.2)Effect of foreign tax rate differential 16.8 10.7 17.9 Valuation allowance (22.1) (31.7) (40.6)Effective income tax rate 14.4% (0.5)% (0.7)% The Company is headquartered in the United Kingdom and the effective U.K. corporate tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014 was20.0%, 20.3%, 21.5%, respectively. The U.S. federal corporate tax rate was 34% for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014. The Company is subjectto taxation in the U.S. and various state, local, and foreign jurisdictions. The Company remains subject to examination by various tax authorities for tax years 2013through 2016 . With a few exceptions, the Company is no longer subject to examinations by tax authorities for the tax years 2012 and prior. However, net operatinglosses from the tax years 2012 and prior would be subject to examination if and when used in a future tax return to offset taxable income. The Company’s policy isto recognize income tax related penalties and interest, if any, in its provision for income taxes and, to the extent applicable, in the corresponding income tax assetsand liabilities, including any amounts for uncertain tax positions. The United Kingdom’s Summer Finance Bill, which was enacted on September 15, 2016, contained reductions in corporation tax to 19% from April 1, 2017 and17% from April 1, 2020. The Company has adopted a 17% tax rate in respect of the deferred tax disclosures, reflecting the anticipated timing of the unwinding ofthe deferred tax balances. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are as follows for the years ended December 31: (in thousands) 201 6 201 5 Deferred tax assets: Long term deferred tax assets: U.S. federal net operating losses $42,165 $32,095 State net operating loss (net of federal) 5,198 4,021 U.S. federal research and development credit 273 155 U.K. net operating loss 2,419 5,217 Share options 1,884 1,251 Accrued liabilities 526 177 State credits 85 — Other — 160 Total deferred tax assets 52,550 43,076 Valuation allowance (46,473) (43,076)Total deferred tax assets $6,077 $— Deferred tax liabilities: Long term deferred tax liabilities: Other assets $(29) $— Intangible assets (3,418) — Total deferred tax liabilities $(3,447) $— For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, the Company had United Kingdom Net Operating Losses (U.K. NOLs) of $14.2 million and $29.0 million,respectively. U.S. federal net operating loss carry forwards for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 were $125.3 million and $95.5 million, respectively.U.S. State net operating loss carryforwards for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 were $112.5 million and $85.8 million, respectively. F-25Table of Contents The U.S. federal and state net operating loss carryforwards begin to expire in 2027 and 2016, respectively and the U.K. NOLs can be carried forward indefinitely. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company recognized a deferred tax asset in the U.K. of $2.6 million. The Company has determined that it is morelikely than not that this asset will be realized in the future. The Company continues to record a full valuation allowance against all other net deferred tax assetssince it is not more likely than not that these amounts will be realized. The following table reflects the rollforward of the Company’s valuation allowance: (in thousands) 201 6 201 5 201 4 Beginning of year (January 1) $43,076 $35,361 $26,413 Increase in valuation allowance 3,397 7,715 8,948 End of year (December 31) $46,473 $43,076 $35,361 The Company reviewed its historical tax filings and tax positions and has determined no material uncertain tax positions exist at December 31, 2016 and 2015. TheCompany continues to monitor its tax filings and positions. The Company generates research and development credits in the United Kingdom which are refundable if a current year loss is incurred. In the United Kingdom forthe year ended December 31, 2016, no amounts were reimbursed for research and development tax credits. 1 3 . Intellectual property—license agreements The Company entered into three license agreements by which it has secured certain patent rights that are necessary to make, use and sell the T-SPOT. TB test. Oneof these license agreements, with Oxford Innovation, was terminated in connection with the assignment by Oxford Innovation to the Company of certainintellectual property rights in November 2013. The Company has ongoing obligations to make certain payments to Oxford Innovation while the assigned patentsremain in force in certain countries. The Company’s existing license agreements related to its T-SPOT. TB test, as well as its previous license from OxfordInnovation, are generally exclusive in the stated field, cover a worldwide territory, are royalty-bearing and give the Company the right to grant sublicenses. TheCompany has minimum royalty obligations under each existing license agreement, which continue so long as patents licensed under the agreement remainunexpired. The minimum contractual royalty payments, including ongoing minimum payment obligations to Oxford Innovation, after December 31, 2016 are setforth in the commitments and contingencies table in Note 15 “Commitments and contingencies” to these consolidated financial statements. The Company incurs royalties under each existing license agreement, has incurred royalties under the Oxford Innovation license agreement, and will incurcontinuing payment obligations to Oxford Innovation that are treated as royalties in these financial statements, based on its product and service revenue. Theaggregate royalty expense relating to the three license agreements amounted to $6.8 million, $5.1 million, and $4.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2016,2015 and 2014, respectively. The Company paid other license-related expenses, including patent prosecution expenses, milestone payments and assignment feesdue to these licensors, amounting to $0.2 million, $0.2 million, and $0.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Theaggregate royalty rate paid by the Company in the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, as a percentage of the gross product and service revenue of theCompany, was 8%, 8% and 10%, respectively. 1 4 . Employee benefit plans In the United States, the Company has adopted a defined contribution plan (the U.S. Plan) which qualifies under Section 401(k) of the Internal Revenue Code. AllU.S. employees of the Company who have attained 21 years of age are eligible for participation in the U.S. Plan upon employment. The effective date of the U.S.Plan was January 1, 2008. Under the U.S. Plan, participating employees may defer up to the Internal Revenue Service annual contribution limit. The Companybegan matching employee contributions as of July 1, 2016 and paid $0.2 million in matching contributions in the year ended December 31, 2016. In the United Kingdom, the Company has adopted a defined contribution plan (the U.K. Plan) which qualifies under the rules established by HM Revenue &Customs. The U.K. Plan allows all U.K. employees to contribute a minimum of 5% of salary with no maximum limit. The contribution is matched by theCompany, up to a maximum of 5% of salary. The Company paid to the U.K. Plan $0.6 million in contributions in the year ended December 31, 2016, and $0.7million in the year ended December 31, 2015 and $0.6 million in 2014. F-26Table of Contents 15 . Commitments and contingencies Operating leases At December 31, 2016, the Company leases facilities under six non-cancelable operating leases, with terms that expire between 2017 and 2021. The Companyleases office, storage/warehouse, laboratory and manufacturing space in Abingdon, U.K., which leases are due to expire on January 31, 2025 (with respect to thestorage/warehouse facility) and June 11, 2019. On March 1, 2013, the Company signed a five year lease for its U.S. corporate headquarters in Marlborough,Massachusetts. In August 2015, the Company entered into a lease amendment for this location to extend the term of the lease by two years through October 31,2020. In addition, the lease amendment expanded the Company’s office space at this location by 7,600 square feet to a new total of 22,100 square feet. The baserent for the combined space over the lease term will range from an initial low of $36,000 per month, which includes $12,000 per month for the expansion spacecommencing in early 2016, to a high of $39,000 per month. The Company will have an option to extend the lease for one additional term of five years. In addition,the Company leases laboratory space in Memphis, Tennessee, which lease is due to expire on December 31, 2021. The Company has an option to extend the leasefor two additional terms of five years each. The two laboratory facilities acquired in 2016 are located in Norwood and Boston, Massachusetts. The Companycurrently leases approximately 22,000 square feet of space in Norwood and approximately 18,000 square feet in Boston. The Norwood lease expires in 2021, whilethe Boston lease expires in 2018. The Company’s current rent under the Norwood lease is $412,000 annually, subject to annual increases. The Company’s currentrent under the Boston lease is $263,000 annually. Future minimum lease payments required under the non-cancelable operating leases in effect as of December 31, 2016 are as follows: (in thousands) December 31, 201 6 2017 $1,945 2018 1,852 2019 1,406 2020 1,126 2021 659 Thereafter 192 Total minimum lease payments $7,180 Rent expense is calculated on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. Rent expense recognized under operating leases totaled $1.4 million, $0.9 million and$0.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Purchase commitments The Company has license agreements with third parties that provide for minimum royalty, license, and exclusivity payments to be paid by the Company for accessto certain technologies. In addition, the Company pays royalties as a percent of revenue as described in Note 13, “Intellectual property—license agreements” tothese consolidated financial statements. In addition, the Company has outstanding purchase obligations to its suppliers. Future minimum payments required under license agreements and supplier purchase obligations in effect as of December 31, 2016 are as follows: (in thousands) Licenseagreements Supplier purchaseobligations Total 2017 $1,518 $4,189 $5,707 2018 1,512 447 1,959 2019 1,506 — 1,506 2020 25 — 25 2021 — — — Thereafter — — — Total minimum payments $4,561 $4,636 $9,197 Legal contingencies The Company is subject to claims and assessments from time to time in the ordinary course of business. The Company does not believe that any such matters,individually or in the aggregate, will have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition, results of operations or cash flows. F-27Table of Contents Indemnification In the normal course of business, the Company enters into contracts and agreements that contain a variety of representations and warranties and provide for generalindemnification. The Company’s exposure under these agreements is unknown because it involves claims that may be made against the Company in the future, butthat have not yet been made. To date, the Company has not paid any claims or been required to defend any action related to its indemnification obligations.However, the Company may record charges in the future as a result of these indemnification obligations. In accordance with its articles of association, the Company has indemnification obligations to its officers and directors for certain events or occurrences, subject tocertain limits, while they are serving at the Company’s request in such capacity. There have been no claims to date, and the Company has director and officerinsurance that may enable it to recover a portion of any amounts paid for future potential claims. 1 6 . Geographic revenue and long-lived assets distribution The Company is domiciled in the United Kingdom and operates in three geographies: the United States, Europe and the Rest of the World (ROW), and Asia.Following is geographical information regarding the Company’s revenues for the years ended December 31, 2016 , 2015 and 2014 and the Company’s long-livedassets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015. Revenue Long-lived assets Year s ended December 31, As of December 31, (in thousands) 201 6 201 5 201 4 201 6 201 5 United States $49,462 $31,362 $22,537 $6,625 $5,051 United Kingdom 2,620 2,836 2,971 922 954 Europe & ROW (excluding United Kingdom) 4,368 4,231 4,248 139 170 Europe & ROW 6,988 7,067 7,219 1,061 1,124 Asia 29,628 24,353 19,749 107 109 Total $86,078 $62,782 $49,505 $7,793 $6,284 China represented approximately 44%, 46% and 43% of Asia revenue in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Japan represented approximately 55%, 53% and 54%of Asia revenue in 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. 17 . Acquisition activity Imugen, Inc. On July 1, 2016, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Imugen, a privately owned Massachusetts corporation focused on the development andperformance of testing for tick-borne diseases. The assets acquired primarily relate to Imugen’s proprietary testing technology and its Clinical LaboratoryImprovements Amendment, or CLIA, approved and College of American Pathologists, or CAP, approved laboratory in Norwood, Massachusetts. The consideration for the acquisition of Imugen consisted of $22.2 million in cash. $1.8 million of the purchase price has been placed in escrow for a period oftwelve months from the closing date to serve as security for potential indemnification claims. The Company filed the required financial statements (including proforma financial statements) relating to the acquisition on a Form 8-K/A on September 9, 2016. The acquisition of Imugen was accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting and the purchase price allocation was provisionally prepared during thethird quarter of 2016. These provisional amounts have been finalized during the fourth quarter of 2016. F-28Table of Contents The table below summarizes the purchase price of the Imugen acquisition and the fair value of identified assets acquired at the acquisition date (in thousands): Assets acquired: Property and equipment $655 In-process research and development 9,200 Technology - clinical 5,100 Customer relationships 2,700 Trademarks / trade names 1,900 Total assets acquired 19,555 Add: Goodwill 2,645 Total consideration transferred $22,200 On the date of the acquisition, the fair value of acquired intangible assets was determined to be $18.9 million using primarily the excess earnings method withsignificant inputs that are not observable, including estimates of the timing and cost required for product approval, revenue growth, gross margin, operatingexpenses and a discount rate of approximately 22%. We consider these intangible assets to be Level 3 fair value assets due to the significant estimates andassumptions used by management in establishing the estimated fair value. Goodwill of approximately $2.6 million represents the excess of the purchase price of the acquired business over the fair value of the underlying net tangible andidentifiable intangible assets and represents the expected synergistic benefits of the transaction, which relate to an increase in future revenues for the Company as aresult of leveraging Imugen’s systems and expertise of its employees. The goodwill is also related to the knowledge and experience of the workforce in place.Goodwill and IPR&D are indefinite-lived intangible assets and are not amortized. Rather, they are reviewed for impairment at least annually. There was noevidence of any impairments at December 31, 2016 and there were no impairment charges during the year ended December 31, 2016. Goodwill related to theImugen acquisition is deductible for tax purposes over 15 years. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company incurred transaction costs of $475,000 associated with the acquisition of Imugen that were recordedwithin general and administrative expense in the statement of operations. Actual results of operations acquired from Imugen are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of the acquisition, including revenues in theamount of $7.0 million and income from operations of $730,000, not including transaction costs. Immunetics, Inc. On October 12, 2016, the Company, through its indirect subsidiary, Oxford Immunotec, Inc., acquired Immunetics, a Massachusetts based diagnostics companyfocused on developing specialized tests for infectious diseases, including tick-borne diseases, such as Lyme disease. The assets acquired primarily relate to IPR&Drelated to a test for Babesia, fixed assets, customer relationships, the “Immunetics” trade name, Immunetics’ proprietary testing technology for Lyme disease, andvarious government grants currently in progress. Total consideration consisted of $6.0 million in cash and up to an additional $6.0 million in cash payable on the achievement of certain revenue thresholds andpipeline related milestones over the next three years . Approximately $400,000 of the purchase price is being held by the Company for a period of eighteen monthsfrom the closing date to serve as security for potential indemnification claims. The Company has determined that this liability is a Level 3 fair value measurementwithin the FASB’s fair value hierarchy and the fair value has been estimated to be $3.4 million on the date of acquisition based on significant assumptions,including the probabilities of milestone occurrence, the expected timing of milestone payments, and a discount rate of 4.4%. Such liability is adjusted to fair valueat each reporting date, with the adjustment reflected in general and administrative expenses. See Note 2 “Fair value measurement” for information pertaining tochanges in the fair value of this liability. The acquisition of Immunetics was accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting and the purchase price allocation was provisionally prepared duringthe fourth quarter of 2016. While the Company is close to finalization of the purchase price accounting, it has recorded provisional amounts for the assets acquiredand liabilities assumed , based upon their estimated fair values at the date of the business acquisition. These provisional amounts may be adjusted as necessaryduring the measurement period (up to one year from the acquisition date) while the accounting is finalized. The Company paid approximately $655,000 intransaction costs associated with this transaction, which is included in general and administrative expense in the statement of operations. Total consideration was (in thousands): Cash consideration $6,000 Estimated fair value of contingent consideration 3,444 Total consideration transferred $9,444 F-29Table of Contents The table below summarizes the purchase price of the Immunetics acquisition and the fair value of identified assets acquired and liabilities assumed at theacquisition date (in thousands): Assets acquired: Cash $285 Accounts receivable, net 347 Inventory, net 420 Prepaid expenses and other assets 199 Property and equipment 787 In-process research and development 6,970 Customer relationships 400 Trade name 290 Technology – clinical 860 Grants 50 Total assets acquired 10,608 Liabilities assumed: Accounts payable (319)Accrued liabilities (739)Other liabilities (1,283)Total liabilities assumed (2,341) Net assets acquired 8,267 Add: Goodwill 1,177 Total consideration transferred $9,444 On the date of the acquisition, the fair value of acquired intangible assets was determined to be $8.6 million using primarily the excess earnings method withsignificant inputs that are not observable, including estimates of the timing and cost required for product approval, revenue growth, gross margin, operatingexpenses and discount rate rates ranging between 21.6% and 60.2%, depending on the levels of risk inherent in the various intangible assets. We consider theseintangible assets to be Level 3 fair value assets due to the significant estimates and assumptions used by management in establishing the estimated fair value. Goodwill of approximately $1.2 million represents the excess of the purchase price of the acquired business over the fair value of the underlying net tangible andidentifiable intangible assets and represents the expected benefits of the transaction, which relate to an increase in future revenues for the Company as a result ofleveraging Immunetics’ systems and expertise of its employees. The goodwill is also related to the knowledge and experience of the workforce in place. Goodwilland IPR&D are indefinite-lived intangible assets and are not amortized. Rather, they are reviewed for impairment at least annually. There was no evidence of anyimpairments at December 31, 2016 and there were no impairment charges during the quarter ended December 31, 2016. The goodwill recognized is not deductiblefor tax purposes. Actual results of operations acquired from Immunetics are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date of the acquisition, including revenues inthe amount of $392,000 and loss from operations of $813,000, not including transaction costs. Pro Forma Information (Unaudited) : The unaudited pro forma condensed consolidated statement of operations of the Company, set forth below, gives effect to theCompany’s acquisitions of Imugen and Immunetics as if they occurred on January 1, 2015. These amounts are not necessarily indicative of the consolidated resultsof operations for future years or actual results that would have been realized had the acquisitions occurred as of those dates: Year Ended December 31, (in thousands, except share and per share data) 201 6 201 5 Total revenues $92,860 $75,622 Net loss $(21,840) $(25,281)Net loss per share—basic and diluted $(0.98) $(1.16)Weighted average shares outstanding—basic and diluted 22,353,713 21,781,933 Pro forma net loss for the year ended December 31, 2016, excludes $2.7 million related to transaction costs and accelerated stock-based compensation costsincurred in connection with the Imugen and Immunetics acquisitions. F-30Table of Contents Prior Year Acquisition Boulder Diagnostics, Inc. On July 31, 2014, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Boulder, a privately owned company developing immunology-based assays forautoimmune and inflammatory conditions/diseases. The assets acquired primarily related to assays for Lyme disease and gout and an assay to help select biologicsfor autoimmune disease based on monitoring and prognosis of drug response that was acquired in conjunction with the Boulder acquisition. As part of thetransaction, Boulder transferred to the Company all shares of capital stock in its wholly-owned subsidiary, Boulder Diagnostics Europe GmbH, such that theCompany has become the sole owner of Boulder Diagnostics Europe GmbH. The terms of the purchase agreement provided for an upfront payment of $1.7 million and contingent purchase price consideration consisting of future potentialmilestone payments totaling up to $6.1 million in respect of the Lyme disease and gout assays at any time on or prior to July 31, 2024. The milestone paymentsconsisted of up to $400,000 for the completion of studies related to acquired technologies, up to $700,000 for the development of diagnostic test kits, $500,000 forthe first patient enrolled in an Institutional Review Board approved study, up to $1.5 million for the issuance of patents, and up to $3.0 million for approvals orclearances by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration. The Company determined that this liability was a Level 3 fair value measurement within the FASB’s fairvalue hierarchy and the fair value was estimated to be $1.2 million on the date of acquisition based on significant assumptions, including the probabilities ofmilestone occurrence, the expected timing of milestone payments, and a discount rate of 15%. Such liability was adjusted to fair value at each reporting date, withthe adjustment reflected in general and administrative expenses. See Note 2 “Fair value measurement” for information pertaining to changes in the fair value of thisliability. The acquisition of Boulder was accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting and was finalized during the fourth quarter of 2014. Total considerationwas (in thousands): Cash consideration $1,724 Estimated fair value of contingent consideration 1,247 Total consideration transferred $2,971 $183,200 of the cash consideration was placed in an escrow account as security for any undisclosed liabilities and as indemnification for certain items. TheCompany paid approximately $181,000 in transaction costs associated with this transaction, which was included in general and administrative expense in theconsolidated statement of operations. The following table summarizes the purchase price of the Boulder acquisition, the fair value of identified assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisitiondate (in thousands): Assets acquired: Cash $8 Accounts receivable 15 Inventory 40 Prepaid expenses and other assets 12 Property and equipment 359 In-process research and development 2,627 Total assets acquired 3,061 Liabilities assumed: Accounts payable (97)Accrued liabilities (14)Other current liabilities (34)Total liabilities assumed (145) Net assets acquired 2,916 Add: goodwill 55 Total consideration transferred $2,971 On the date of the acquisition the fair value of IPR&D acquired was determined to be $2.6 million ($1.8 million for the Lyme disease assay, $0.5 million for theassay to help select biologics for autoimmune disease based on monitoring and prognosis of drug response that was acquired in conjunction with the Boulderacquisition, and $0.3 million for the gout assay) using the excess earnings method with significant inputs, including estimates of the timing and cost required forproduct approval, revenue growth, gross margin, operating expenses and a 15% discount rate, that were not observable. The Company considered the fair value ofIPR&D to be a Level 3 fair value asset due to the significant estimates and assumptions used by management in establishing the estimated fair value. F-31Table of Contents Goodwill and IPR&D are indefinite-lived intangible assets and are not amortized. Rather, they are reviewed for impairment at least annually. During the thirdquarter of 2015, the timeline for the development of an assay to inform decisions regarding biologic therapies that was acquired as part of the Boulder acquisitionwas changed due to delays in the completion of research studies. Based upon the changed timeline and the resulting impact on fair value, the Company recorded anIPR&D impairment charge of $385,000 as of December 31, 2015. During the fourth quarter of 2016, the decision was made to halt research on the GoutiFind bloodtest. Based on this decision, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $270,000 to fully reserve the GoutiFind IPR&D. In addition, during the fourthquarter of 2016, the Company recorded a non-cash IPR&D impairment charge of $1.4 million related to an assay for Lyme disease that was acquired in conjunctionwith the Boulder acquisition. The impairment charge has been shown on a separate line in the financial statements. Similar charges recorded in prior years havebeen reclassified out of research and development expense for comparative purposes. During the fourth quarter of 2016, the Company also wrote off the GoutiFind related contingent purchase price consideration of $901,000. In addition during thefourth quarter of 2016, the Company determined that the milestones related to the SpiroFind product would not be achieved and wrote off the contingent purchaseprice consideration of $551,000 related to this product candidate. Actual results of operations of Boulder for 2014 were included in the financial statements from the date of the acquisition, including revenues in the amount of$42,000 and losses from operations of $396,000. The functional currency for Boulder in Germany is the Euro. 18. Subsequent event Effective February 24, 2017, the Remuneration Committee of the Board of Directors approved grants to employees for up to 529,096 share options and 94,989restricted share units from the Oxford Immunotec Global PLC 2013 Share Incentive Plan. These grants were issued to employees in the first quarter of 2017. F-32THIS EXHIBIT HAS BEEN REDACTED AND IS THE SUBJECT OF A CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT REQUEST. REDACTED MATERIAL IS MARKEDWITH [***] AND HAS BEEN FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION.Exhibit 10.20SECOND AMENDMENT TO DISTRIBUTORSHIP AGREEMENT THIS SECOND AMENDMENT to Distributorship Agreement (“Second Amendment”) is made this 3 day of November, 2016 by and between OxfordImmunotec Limited, a company incorporated in England with number 04516079, whose registered office is at 94C Innovation Drive, Milton Park, Abingdon,Oxfordshire OX154 4RZ (the “Company”) and Fosun Long March Medical Science Co. Ltd., (registration number Shanghai Joint-Venture 000422) whoseregistered office and principal place of business is both at 830 Cheng Yin Road, Shanghai, China 200444 (“Fosun Shanghai I) and Shanghai Xin Chang MedicalDevice Co. Ltd (registration number 310110000477786), whose registered office and principal place of business is at number 830 Cheng Yin Road, Shanghai,China 200444 (“Fosun Shanghai II”) (Fosun Shanghai I and Fosun Shanghai II are herein collectively referred to as “Distributors”.) WHEREAS, A. The Company and Distributors are parties to a Distributorship Agreement dated 8 October 2013 (the “Distributorship Agreement”), and amended onor about 22 April 2015 (the “First Amendment”), pursuant to which Distributors were appointed to distribute Company’s Products in the Territory; and, B. The Company and Distributors now wish to further amend the Distributorship Agreement to incorporate the terms and conditions as set forth in thisSecond Amendment. IT IS AGREED as follows: 1. Except to the extent defined in this Amendment, all capitalized terms shall have the definitions provided in the Distributorship Agreement. 2. The Parties agree that Schedule 1 to the Distributorship Agreement as set forth in the First Amendment shall be amended by deleting Subparagraph B in itsentirety and replacing it with the following: B. No Charge Kit Program for 2016 1. OI agrees to provide up to [***] Kits to Distributors at no charge in 2016 for Distributors’ use in connection withDistributors promotional and discount programs (the “No Charge Kits”) so long as Distributor purchases a total of [***] Kits on orbefore [***] (the “2016 Sales Target”). Unless otherwise agreed by the parties, the No Charge Kits shall be delivered by OI incoordination with OI’s shipment of Kits purchased by Distributors in amounts proportionate to the purchased Kits. 2. If the 2016 Sales Target is not met as set forth above, OI shall invoice, and Distributors shall remit payment for, the NoCharge Kits at the Agreed Price of Kits. THIS EXHIBIT HAS BEEN REDACTED AND IS THE SUBJECT OF A CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT REQUEST. REDACTED MATERIAL IS MARKEDWITH [***] AND HAS BEEN FILED SEPARATELY WITH THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION.Exhibit 10.20 3. Except as amended hereby, all other terms of the Distributorship Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. IN WITNESS that this Amendment has been executed by duly authorized officers of the parties to the Agreement the day and year first above written. For and on behalf of Oxford Immunotec Limited Signature: /s/ Peter Wrighton-Smith Name:Dr. Peter Wrighton-Smith Title:CEO Date:14 October 2016 Place:Oxford Immunotec Office, UK For and on behalf of Shanghai Fosun Long March Medical Science Co. Ltd. Signature: /s/ Zhu Yao Yi Name:Mr Zhu Yao Yi Title:Chairman Date:03 November 2016 Place:Fosun, China For and on behalf of Shanghai Xin Chang Medical Device Co. Ltd. Signature: /s/ Zhu Yao Yi Name:Mr Zhu Yao Yi Title:Chairman Date:03 November 2016 Place:Fosun, China 2 Exhibit 21.1 Oxford Immunotec Global PLC Subsidiaries Entity Jurisdiction of OrganizationOxford Immunotec Limited United KingdomOxford Immunotec Inc. DelawareImmunetics, Inc. MassachusettsOxford Diagnostic Laboratories (UK) Limited United KingdomOxford Immunotec K.K. JapanBoulder Diagnostics Europe GmbH GermanyOxford Immunotec Asia Limited Hong KongOxford Immunotec (Shanghai) Medical Device Co. Ltd. Shanghai, China Exhibit 23.1 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements: (1)Registration Statement (Form S-3 Nos. 333-215236 and 333-200571) of Oxford Immunotec Global PLC, (2)Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-193730) pertaining to the Oxford Immunotec Global PLC 2013 Share Incentive Plan, and (3)Registration Statement (Form S-8 No. 333-192582) pertaining to the Amended and Restated 2008 Stock Incentive Plan of Oxford Immunotec GlobalPLC; of our report dated February 28, 2017 with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Oxford Immunotec Global PLC included in this Annual Report (Form10-K) of Oxford Immunotec Global PLC for the year ended December 31, 2016. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP Reading, United KingdomFebruary 28, 2017 Exhibit 31.1 CERTIFICATIONI, Peter Wrighton-Smith, Ph.D., certify that: 1.I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Oxford Immunotec Global PLC; 2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statementsmade, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financialcondition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in ExchangeAct Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrantand have: a)designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure thatmaterial information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularlyduring the period for which this report is being prepared; b)designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, toprovide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordancewith generally accepted accounting principles; c)evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of thedisclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and d)disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscalquarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, theregistrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to theregistrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a)all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely toadversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b)any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control overfinancial reporting. Date: February 28, 2017 /s/ Peter Wrighton-Smith, Ph.D. Peter Wrighton-Smith, Ph.D. Chief Executive Officer and Director Exhibit 31.2 CERTIFICATIONI, Richard M. Altieri, certify that: 1.I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Oxford Immunotec Global PLC; 2.Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statementsmade, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 3.Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financialcondition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 4.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in ExchangeAct Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrantand have: a)designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure thatmaterial information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularlyduring the period for which this report is being prepared; b)designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, toprovide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordancewith generally accepted accounting principles; c)evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of thedisclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and d)disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscalquarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, theregistrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5.The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to theregistrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a)all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely toadversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b)any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control overfinancial reporting. Date: February 28, 2017 /s/ Richard M. Altieri Richard M. Altieri Chief Financial Officer Exhibit 32 CERTIFICATION Pursuant to section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (subsections (a) and (b) of section 1350, chapter 63 of title 18, United States Code), each of theundersigned officers of Oxford Immunotec Global PLC, a company incorporated in England and Wales (the “Company”), does hereby certify, to such officer’sknowledge, that: The Annual Report for the year ended December 31, 2016 (the “Form 10-K”) of the Company fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of theSecurities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the information contained in the Form 10-K fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition andresults of operations of the Company. Date: February 28, 2017 /s/ Peter Wrighton-Smith, Ph.D. Peter Wrighton-Smith, Ph.D. Chief Executive Officer and Director Date: February 28, 2017 /s/ Richard M. Altieri Richard M. Altieri Chief Financial Officer This certification is being furnished and not filed, and shall not be incorporated into any document for any purpose, under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 orthe Securities Act of 1933.
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