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Pan African Resources PLC

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FY2008 Annual Report · Pan African Resources PLC
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contents

the year at a glance ..............................................................................................................2

focus areas and competitive advantage ..................................................................3

geographic location ............................................................................................................4

corporate profile and strategy ....................................................................................5

chairman’s statement ...........................................................................................................6

chief executive officer’s report ...................................................................................8

mining operations: barberton mines (pty) ltd .....................................................14

groWth proJects: amira, eagle’s nest and thomas victory-hill, 

barberton, south africa ...................................................................................................17

groWth proJects: manica, mozambique ...................................................................18

groWth proJects: bogoin and dekoa, central african republic .............19

groWth proJects: akrokerri, kyereboso and u&n, ghana ............................20

gross in situ mineral resource and mineral reserve statement 

for the enlarged group ....................................................................................................21

directors ....................................................................................................................................23

corporate governance .....................................................................................................25

directors’ report ..................................................................................................................30

statement of directors’ responsibilities  ..............................................................33

independent auditors’ report to the members of pan african 

resources plc ...........................................................................................................................34 

consolidated and company income statements ...............................................35

consolidated and company balance sheets .........................................................36

consolidated and company cash floW statements .........................................38

consolidated and company statement of recognised income and 

expense .........................................................................................................................................39

consolidated and company notes to the financial statements ............ 40

notice of annual general  meeting ..........................................................................68

form of proxy ................................................................................................................insert

contact details ......................................................................................................................71

note to shareholders

on 31 July 2007 pan african resources plc (‘pan african’, the ‘company’ or ‘group’) acquired 74% of barberton mines (pty) limited (‘barberton’ 

or ‘barberton mines’) in a share-for-share transaction.  ifrs3 ‘business combinations’ defines the acquirer in a business combination as the entity that 

obtains control. accordingly, the combination was accounted for as a reverse.  as a consequence of applying reverse acquisition accounting, the results 

of the group at 30 June 2008 comprise the results of pan african for the 11 months ended 30 June 2008 and the 12 months ended 30 June 2008 of 

barberton mines. the comparative figures for the group are those of barberton mines for the 12 months to 30 June 2007. 

in terms of comparing pan african’s position before the acquisition of barberton mines reference is made on pages 3, 7 and 9 to pan african’s financial 

position before and after the acquisition which does not treat the transaction as a reverse as per ifrs 3.  this is done to allow management to highlight 

the benefits of the transaction as set out in the readmission document of 31 July 2007. 

  
the year at a glance

h
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acquisition of producing gold mine
July 2007 
the acquisition of a 74% shareholding in barberton mines, mpumalanga, south africa was completed and 
barberton had its first full year under the management of pan african resources plc.

power supply in south africa
February 2008
in line with the requirements placed on the mining industry, barberton initiated a 10% elective power 
saving plan.  through careful planning the adverse effects of the power crisis in south africa was by and 
large ameliorated. 

mining conventions signed in the central african republic
February and April 2008
mining conventions were signed with the government of the central african republic (‘car’) for the 
bogoin and dekoa gold exploration projects.  

resource upgrade at the manica gold project in mozambique
March 2008
the resource at manica was increased by 29.75 %, from 1.311moz to 1.701moz.  the pre-feasibility study 
is ongoing and has been delayed as a result of the mining optimisation.  the company expects the process 
to be complete by the end of the next financial year.

I

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appointment of executive chairman
October 2007
pan african welcomed keith spencer to the board as the new executive chairman.   keith replaced colin 
bird who held a non-executive chairman position within the group. 

M
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appointment of financial director
February 2008
in line with the undertaking given to shareholders on the completion of the acquisition of barberton mines, 
maritz smith was appointed as the executive financial director for pan african.

appointment of an independent, non-executive director
June 2008 
John hopwood was appointed to the board of directors in the role of an independent, non-executive 
director.  John brings a great deal of experience to the board from both a mining and financial persepective, 
being a non-executive director of gold fields and a previous partner of deloitte.  

•	

D preservation and growth of capital.
a
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a

•	

•	

acquisition of further cash generative mining assets.

use strategic partnerships to grow mineable reserve base.

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2

    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FocUs areas anD coMPetItIVe aDVantage

FocUs areas

oUr coMPetItIVe aDVantage

caPItal 
generatIVe

•	
•	
•	

revenue:                   £39.3 million
ebitda:                  £13.9 million
attributable profit:    £  5.5 million

costs

•	
•	
•	

production cost:         £25.2 million
total cash cost:           us$ 476/oz
industry average:        us$ 750/oz

sKIlleD PeoPle

•	
•	
•	

broad skill base and technical depth
mining and metallurgy expertise coupled with exploration experience
team of 1,491 people

sUstaInaBle 
groWth

•	
•	
•	

geographical and political risk diversification
organic growth: capital expenditure of £3.0 million at barberton mines
acquisitive growth – 4 projects at a cost of £3.2 million during the last 18 
months

strategIc 
PartnershIPs

•	

•	

•	

metorex limited (53.95% shareholder): first right of refusal on any gold 
project developed
pangea exploration (pty) limited (4.14% shareholder): first right of 
refusal on any gold project developed
shanduka resources (26% black economic empowered (‘bee’) owner of 
barberton mines)

3

geograPhIc locatIon

4

    
corPorate ProFIle anD strategy

Pan african’s strategy is to continue building and growing a 
profitable gold mining business.

the group has an exciting pipeline of projects, in addition to its barberton gold mine in mpumalanga, south africa, which 
produces approximately 100,000oz of gold per annum.  

the group’s growth projects are divided between on-mine and off-mine, as detailed below:

on-mine *
1. thomas victory-hill

2. amira

3. eagles nest

off-mine **
1. manica, mozambique (completing pre-feasibility study)

2. bogoin, central african republic (advanced - drilling)

3. dekoa, central african republic (early stage - soil sampling)

4. akrokerri, ghana (advanced - drilling)

5. kyereboso, ghana (advanced - drilling)

6. u&n, ghana (early stage - soil sampling)

* on-mine: projects on or around current mining areas
** off-mine: projects not close to any mining infrastructure

5

  
chaIrMan’s stateMent

Keith spencer

the group has run for the past eleven months as both 
a  mining  and  an  exploration  entity,  having  bedded 
down  the  acquisition  of  barberton  mines,  creating  an 
emerging  mid-tier  gold  mining  company.  the  reverse 
acquisition  of  barberton  mines  brought  in  metorex 
limited  as  a  major  shareholder  and  this,  together  with 
the  previous  association  with  pangea  exploration,  has 
formed an exciting mix of mining and exploration skills 
to take the company forward.

barberton  had  a  good  year,  buoyed  by  the  gold  price. 
the  profits  from  these  operations  were  ploughed  back 
into the group’s exploration efforts in mozambique, the 
central  african  republic  (‘car’) 
and ghana.

exploration  drilling  at  manica  in 
mozambique  has  been  completed, 
and a variety of studies are underway 
on  that  property  to  determine  if 
there  is  a  viable  opportunity  for  a 
mine, while taking into consideration 
the location, infrastructure and fiscal 
regime.

efforts  in  the  car  were  stepped 
up  with  the  soil  sampling  at  both 
properties, bogoin and dekoa being 
completed.  reverse  circulation 
(‘rc’)  drilling  has  commenced 
in  earnest  at  bogoin,  to  test  the 
anomalies which were identified, and in the coming year 
it  is  hoped  initial  drilling  will  be  completed  on  both 
properties. this  phase  of  drilling  has  been  designed  to 
narrow down potential targets in what we believe to be 
a highly prospective greenstone belt. during the year, a 
mining  convention  for  bogoin  was  successfully  signed 
with the government of the car.

6

“the golD MarKet 
haD a sPectacUlar 
year”

in  ghana,  a  well-known  gold  province,  earn-in 
agreements  have  been  concluded  on  two  properties, 
namely:  kyereboso  and  u&n.  the  group  acquired  a 
90% stake on the third property, akrokerri, on 27 june 
2007.  due to the nature of these agreements, the plan 
is to move fast to either prove  a viable ore reserve, or to 
return them to their original vendors.

the mining operations at barberton’s three mines, new 
consort,  sheba  and  fairview,  continued  satisfactorily.  
revenue  was  enhanced  by  not  only  the  gold  price,  but 
also  the  retreatment  of  the  old  dump  which  emanated 
from  the  roasting  process  terminated  in  the  1980’s, 
known  as  the  calcine  dump. 
costs,  although  well  managed  by 
the operations, were up sharply on 
the  tail  of  the  increased  fuel  and 
steel  prices.    since  year  end  the 
calcine  retreatment  process  has 
come to an end; however, this drop 
in  revenue  will,  to  an  extent,  be 
offset by the fact that, the group is 
now totally unhedged.

the  barberton  area  has  been  a 
productive  gold  mining  area  for 
the  130  years.  during  that  time, 
at  regular 
intervals,  major  pay 
shoots  have  been  discovered.  in 
this  philosophy, 
keeping  with 
is  underway 
to  make  further  discoveries,  as  well  as  to  explore  areas 
which were initially mined on surface but not followed 
underground.

a  concerted  effort 

the  exploration  projects  remain  robust,  and  will 
be  managed  with  the  cashflows  from  the  barberton 
operations.

    
  
chaIrMan’s stateMent

electricity  supply  in  south  africa,  where  the  barberton 
operations  are  situated,  remains  a  concern.  the  mines 
are involved in a process to reduce their demand, in line 
with all other south african consumers, and will continue 
to  engage  with  eskom,  the  electricity  distributor,  to 
minimise  downtime  due  to  planned  outages.  the 
operations  have  their  own  generators  to  keep  essential 
services in the gold treatment plant operational.

the  gold  market  in  south  african  rand  terms  had  a 
spectacular  year,  riding  somewhat  on  the  back  of  the 
increasing  oil  price.  however,  post  the  year  end,  we 
have  seen  a  collapse  in  World  economies  and,  although 
the  fundamentals  for  gold  still  remain  sound  in  these 
turbulent  times,  and  the  price  remains  strong  in  south 
african  rand,  gold  remains  a  safe  haven,  and  newly 
mined  gold  volumes  are  dropping  worldwide,  which  in 
the longer term must be positive for the market.

in 

the  world-wide  collapse 
stock  markets  and 
commodities  will  have  a  knock-on  effect  on  the  group. 
We,  like  all  other  mid-tier  producers  and  explorers,  will 
have to adapt to the new circumstances and must review 
our  exploration  programmes  going  forward.  times  like 
the world is experiencing at the moment also bring with 
them opportunities for Joint ventures (‘Jvs’) and mergers 
with  other  gold  exploration  companies,  and  pan  african 
is  currently  well  positioned  to  take  advantage  of  these 
opportunities.

going  forward,  the  group  will  endeavour  to  preserve 
capital and judiciously evaluate projects so that it weathers 
these  tough  times,  emerging  stronger  in  better  years  to 
come.

during  the  year,  nathan  steinberg  resigned  as  the 
financial  director  and  was  replaced  by  maritz  smith. 
i  would  like  to  thank  nathan  for  his  tireless  efforts  in 
looking after the finances of the company, and welcome 
maritz. 

John hopwood also joined the board as a non-executive 
director,  and  brings  with  him  years  of  experience  in  the 
gold  mining  industry.  he  will  be  a  great  asset  to  the 
group. my sincere thanks go to my fellow directors, and 
to  Jan  nelson,  our  ceo,  and  his  team  for  their  efforts 
during the past year.

kc spencer
chairman
24 november 2008

graph showing Pan african’s audited profit / loss status for 18 months to 31 March 2006 
and 15 months to 30 June 2007, before the acquisition of Barberton Mines and post 
acquisition for 12 months to 30 June 2008

GBP
(000)

6,000

5,000

4,000

3,000

2,000

1,000

0

(1,000)

Acquisition of 
Barberton Mines

18 Months to 
31 March 
2006

15 Months to 
30 June 2007

12 Months to 
30 June 2008

7

  
chIeF execUtIVe oFFIcer’s rePort

“We haVe sUccessFUlly transForMeD  

the coMPany to a ProFItaBle golD 

MInIng BUsIness WIth a strong Balance 

sheet anD an exPerIenceD ManageMent 

teaM alloWIng Us to realIse FUrther 

oPPortUnItIes to groW at a tIMe When 

access to caPItal resoUrces Is lIMIteD”

Jan nelson

MInIng ProFIt

eBItDa

283%

141%

total cash 
costs

heaDlIne earnIngs 
Per share

8

2.37%

49%

    
  
chIeF execUtIVe oFFIcer’s rePort

during the year ended 30 June 2008, the group successfully completed the acquisition of barberton mines in south africa, 
effective 31 July 2007 which transformed the company from a junior gold explorer to an emerging mid-tier gold producer. 
the company also invested significant capital and human resources to advance its portfolio of growth projects.

reVIeW oF strategIc oBJectIVes
before a review of operation results it would be prudent to review the strategic objectives that were envisaged by the board 
as a result of the acquisition of barberton mines (as set out in the re-admission document or pre-listing statement dated 31 
July 2007). a summary comparing intended objectives to those achieved are listed in the table below:

strategic objective

achieved result

turn group from loss-making position 
to profitable

attributable profit of  £5.5 million (12 months 
ended 30 June 2008) from loss of £922,450 (15 
months ended 30 June 2007)

establish the group as a producer

100,000oz/annum of gold

fund all operational activity in-house

£3.0million spent on capital expenditure *

fund and accelerate exploration activity

£3.1million spent on exploration *

acquire a mining skills base

skills base increased to 1,491 employees

provide capital to grow exploration 
activity in ghana

acquired rights to three properties in ghana

initiate £1.0 million exploration 
programme on the mine

£1.0 million allocated over two years and 
exploration programme started

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

* this relates to fixed asset additions and capitalised exploration costs

9

  
chIeF execUtIVe oFFIcer’s rePort 

ebitda  for  the  period  under  review  was    £13.9 
million,  which  incorporates  12  months  of  barberton 
mines and 11 months of pan african (as the transaction 
only became effective on 31 July 2007, one month into 
the financial year reported on). 

aVerage golD PrIce receIVeD (Us$/oZ) coMPareD to 
total cash costs (Us$/oZ)

1200

1000

gloBal MarKets anD 
golD PrIce
at  the  time  of  the  barberton  transaction  the  board  of 
directors  believed  that  a  slow-down  in  funding  for 
exploration  companies  was  imminent  and  therefore 
the  group  had  to 
transform itself so as 
to  fund  its  ongoing 
activities  itself.  the 
group  changed  its 
strategic  focus  from 
gold 
exploration 
gold  mining.  
to 
to  this  effect  pan 
african 
acquired 
barberton  mines, 
generated 
which 
sufficient 
capital, 
to 
and 
accelerate 
grow the exploration 
this 
portfolio. 
was  achieved  in  a 
market  where  access 
to  capital  became 
increasingly  difficult 
and most exploration 
activity slowed down 
or even stopped.

Cost - US$/oz

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the  increase  in  inflation  in  the  united  states  and  the 
sub-prime  crisis  resulted  in  gold  being  a  safer  haven 
than  the  us  dollar,  which  pointed  to  a  rally  in  the 
gold  price.  a  gold  price  of  us$750  was  forecast  for 
the  period  under  review  with  an  actual  average  for  the 
period of us$823/oz. the positive outlook envisaged by 
the  directors  was  realised  and  is  reflected  in  the  results 
presented in this report.

saFety anD traInIng
While the group conducts its activities for the safety of 
its  employees  and  runs  approved  training  programmes 
through training centres located at its mining operations, 
we  regret  to  report  that  two  fatal  accidents  occurred 
during  the  past  12  months.  both  accidents  were  at  the 
sheba operation; one accident involved a contractor on 
20  september  2007  and  the  other  an  employee  of  the 
mine on 19 february 2008. our sincere condolences are 
extended to the families of the deceased.

FInancIal PerForMance
gross  revenue  from  gold  sales  amounted  to  £39.3 
million,  total  cost  of  production  amounted  to  £25 
million, the cost of the tax bill amounted to £4.4 million 
and other  expenses amounted to £2 million.

10

the  ebitda  includes 
a  hedging  loss  of  £2.2 
representing 
million 
10,696oz  of  gold  sold 
at  a  hedging  price 
of  us$451/oz.  no 
further  hedges  have 
been  entered  into  on 
gold sales after 30 June 
2008 and the group is 
now  fully  leveraged  to 
the gold price.

7
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ebitda  resulted 
in 
an  attributable  profit 
  a 
of  £5.5  million, 
significant  turn-around 
from the loss of £0.922 
million 
the  15 
for 
months  ended  30  June 
2007  posted  by  pan 
african for the previous 
reporting  period.  this 
reflects the impact of the acquisition of barberton mines 
on the cash position of the group. 

Average Gold Price (US$)

cash operating profit at barberton increased to £11.24 
million  (fy07:  £5.73  million  –  which  was  attributable 
to  metorex  limited)  despite  an  increase  in  the  cost  of 
production of 16.37% to £25,16 million (fy07: £21,62 
million).  the  higher  costs  were  linked  to  increases  in 
the prices of consumables and an increase in salaries and 
wages. 

the  increase  in  mining  profit  was  the  result  of  a 
9,000oz  increase  in  production  (mainly  from  surface 
sources) and the spot gold price moving 28.59% higher 
at  us$823/oz  (fy07:  us$640/oz)  than  the  previous 
year.  the  average  us$:zar  exchange  rate  was  1.39% 
weaker at zar7,30 (fy07: zar7,20) which also played 
a  role  in  terms  of  revenue  received  in  south  african 
rands. effective zar gold price was 29.86% higher at 
zar187,000/kg compared to the previous year (fy07: 
zar144,000/kg).

income  tax  as  per  the  consolidated  income  statement 
has  increased  by  276%  for  the  group  from  £1.16 
million to £4.37 million as a result of an increase in the 
profit  margin,  which  results  in  a  higher  tax  rate  being 
applied to the mine.

    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
chIeF execUtIVe oFFIcer’s rePort

£21 million is reflected as goodwill in the consolidated 
balance  sheets  (fy07:  £nil),  which  is  a  direct  result 
of  the  reverse  take  over  and  is  attributable  to  the 
combination of pan african and barberton.

basic  headline  earnings  per  share  improved  from  0.35 
pence  reported  in  2007  to  0.52  pence  for  the  current 
reporting period.

oPeratIng PerForMance
the  barberton  mining  operations  (which  include  the 
fairview,  sheba,  and  new  consort  mines)  produced 
99,078oz  of  gold,  an  improvement  of  10%  on  the 
previous  year  (fy07:  90,022oz).    total  underground 
production  however  decreased  by  8.43%  to  82,436oz 
from  the    previous  year  (fy07:  90,022)  and  was 
the  calcine  dump  retreatment 
supplemented  by 
operation  on  surface.  underground  production  was 
down  as  a  result  of  a  4.56%  decrease  in  volume  to 
315,305t  (fy07:  330,367t)  and  decrease  in  grade  of 
3.26% to 8.9g/t (fy07: 9.2g/t).

been  developed  and  7,167m  drilled  on  five  major 
projects to address this issue (these projects are discussed 
on  page  17).  to  date  good  progress  has  been  made 
on  these  projects  which  should  ensure  an  increase  in 
underground production in the coming year.

groWth ProJects as at 
30 JUne 2008
geological  work  on  the  Manica  gold  project  in 
Mozambique  continued  on  the  fairbride  prospect 
area.  Work  comprised  exploration  drilling  and  ore 
body  outline  drilling  on  both  the  fairbride  east  and 
West  ore  bodies.  drilling  results  confirmed  ore  body 
continuation in both dip and strike extension down to a 
depth of 350m below surface. resource remodelling was 
completed  during  april  2008  defining  a  total  resource 
of  1.701moz  (11.45mt  @  4.6g/t).    Work  on  the  pre-
feasibility  study  is  ongoing  and  has  been  delayed  as  a 
result  of  mining  optimisation.    the  company  expects 
this  process  to  be  complete  before  the  end  of  the  next 

caPItal anD exPloratIon exPenDItUre For the 
PerIoD exPresseD as a % oF the total oF £6.2 MIllIon 
anD accoMPanyIng Metres oF DrIllIng coMPleteD

the 
surface 
r e t r e a t m e n t 
o p e r a t i o n 
p r o d u c e d 
13,513oz 
of 
gold  at  a  total 
cash 
cost  of 
u s $ 2 9 1 / o z . 
total mine cash 
costs 
increased 
m a r g i n a l l y 
to 
by  2.37% 
u s $ 4 7 6 / o z 
to 
compared 
previous 
year 
(f y0 7 : $ 4 6 5 /
oz).  the  slight 
increases in total 
cost 
despite 
s i g n i f i c a n t 
increases 
in 
c o n s u m a b l e s , 
steel,  
such  as 
and 
chemicals 
power,  coming 
effect 
into 
underlines 
the 
group’s ability to successfully manage costs.  

Barberton

7,167m

49%

the  decrease  in  underground  production  is  a  concern 
and  as  a  result  the  group  spent  £3.0  million  on  ore 
replacement  and  growth  projects  at  barberton  mines. 
for  the  period  under  review  a  total  of  1,145.3m  have 

total: £6,199,292*

19,936m

21%

19%

10,262m

11%

3,569m

Manica

Ghana

CAR

financial period.

the 

Bogoin 
at 
gold  project  in  the 
african 
central 
republic 
(‘car’) 
the  8,200m  rotary 
air  blast 
(‘rab’) 
drilling  programme 
completed 
was 
leading 
the 
to 
narrowing  down  of 
the  soil  geochemical 
anomaly.    a  widely-
spaced 
29,062m 
reverse  circulation 
(‘rc’) 
programme 
has  commenced  over 
an  area 
in  excess 
of  800km²  to  test 
the 
geochemical 
anomalies  identified. 
as  at  30  June  2008, 
2,062  m  of  rc 
drilling  has  been 
completed.

the 

group 
successfully  signed  a  mining  convention  with  the 
government  of  the  central  african  republic  for  the 
Dekoa  prospecting  area.  subsequent  geological  work 
identified  several  large  soil  geochemical  anomalies  at 
dekoa.

11

* this relates to fixed asset additions and capitalised exploration costs

  
chIeF execUtIVe oFFIcer’s rePort

includes;  detailed  geological  field  mapping,  stream 
sediment  sampling  as  well  as  a  comprehensive  soil-
sampling  programme.  should  the  results  of  this  work 
prove positive, a drilling programme will follow.        

groWth ProJects - Post 
Balance sheet UPDate
in  the  car,  the  company  has  completed  its  first 
phase  drilling  programme  of  the  bogoin  exploration 
licence area and is currently compiling the results of the 
drilling.    Work  will  commence  in  q2  of  the  financial 
period  on  taking  bulk  soil  and  rock  samples  on  the 
targets identified at the dekoa exploration licence area.  

in  ghana,  all  the  necessary  drilling  to  evaluate  the 
akrokerri and kyereboso prospects has been completed.  
the  company 
is  currently  busy  with  geological 
modelling  to  decide  whether  to  initiate  the  second 
phase of drilling or terminate exploration activity.  on 
the u&n property the company has completed its first 
phase of soil sampling and several anomalies have been 
identified.    the  company  is  currently  reviewing  its 
geological programme for this project moving forward.

MInIng rIghts 
conVersIon
barberton  mines  is  able  to  mine  on  fairview,  new 
consort  and  sheba  mines  and  operate  in  terms  of 
existing  mining  licences  (ml28/2003,  ml30/2003 
and  ml29/2003),  which  have  been  issued  in  terms  of 
section 9(1) of the minerals act of south africa. these 
licences  are  valid  until  26  october  2009  for  fairview 
and new consort and 26 october 2013 for sheba. the 
mining licences represent old order rights in terms of 
the mineral and petroleum resources development act 
(mprda) of south africa, which have to be converted 
to new order rights. this process involves submitting 
an  application  for  renewal  of  the  licences  in  which  (a) 
a  mines  Work  programme  (mWp),  (b)  social  and 
labour plan (slp) and (c) environmental management 
programme  (emp)  together  with  (d)  black  economic 
empowerment  (bee)  plan  must  be  included.  all 
the  necessary  documentation  was  submitted  to  the 
department  of  minerals  and  energy  (dme)  in  south 
africa.  no  issues  are  expected  and  the  group  expects 
the conversion process to take place within the next 12 
months.  in the event that the conversion is not granted 
prior  to  the  expiry  of  the  fairview  and  new  consort 
licences, the validity of the licences is not affected until 
the final decision from the minister on conversion.

View from sheba Mine and main vertical shaft

an  infill  soil-sampling  programme  was  completed  for 
the  akrokerri  gold  project  in  ghana  and  7,600  m 
of  core  drilling  has  been  completed  to  define  possible 
extensions to the historical akrokerri underground mine 
workings.  as  at  30  June  2008,  2,978m  of  drilling  has 
been completed. laboratory results have been received.

a 7,400 m rc drilling programme was initiated at the 
Kyereboso gold project in ghana to test the proposed 
mineralisation  model.  as  at  30  June  2008,  3,600  m  of 
drilling has been completed.  

pan african concluded an earn-in agreement to acquire 
85% of an exploration property, the U&n property in 
ghana  from  the  u&n  company  limited. the  u&n 
property lies approximately 45km southwest of the town 
of kumasi.    

pan african can earn-in 40% of the project by spending 
not  less  than  £145,928  on  a  soil  sampling  programme  
phase.    should  the  group  wish  to  continue  work  after 
this phase, it must spend no less than £150,960 to earn 
a  further  45%.    on  completion  of  the  bfs  (‘bankable 
feasibility  study’)  the  group  may,  at  it’s  election, 
acquire  the  remaining  15%  at  a  cost  based  on  the  net 
present value (‘npv’) of the asset.

all  available  historical  exploration  and  geological 
information  at  the  amira,  eagle’s  nest  and  thomas 
Victory  hill  gold  projects  at  Barberton  in  south 
africa were collated into a spatially referenced database. 
this database has been used to define several exploration 
targets.    a  comprehensive  airborne  geophysical  survey 
of  the  project  will  be  completed  to  further  refine 
these  targets.  planned  fieldwork  for  the  area  during 
the  remainder  of  2008  and  into  the  first  half  of  2009, 

12

    
  
chIeF execUtIVe oFFIcer’s rePort

pan  african  is  no  exception  to  the  above  crisis  and  it  is 
important  that  shareholders  understand  that,  in  the 
opinion of the directors, the current share performance is 
driven by a global crisis based on emotion that is distinct 
from the fundamentals of the business. 

the FUtUre
remaining  cash  positive  and  strengthening  the  balance 
sheet  will  remain  a  key  objective  for  the  board  moving 
forward, as a result both mining and exploration activities 
will  be  monitored  on  a  continuous  basis  to  ensure  this 
goal is achieved.  as a result, the group might from time 
to time change its commitment to certain of the growth 
projects currently underway.

i  would  like  to  thank  my  fellow  directors  and  especially 
our  chairman,  keith  spencer,  for  his  wise  counsel 
and  guidance.  i  would  again  like  to  give  credit  to  our 
exploration  teams  in  the  field  and  our  management 
team.  the  general  manager,  casper  strydom  and 
his  management  team  deserve  a  special  word  of 
production 
congratulations 
performance.  last  but  not 
to  our 
shareholders for their support and patience.

outstanding 
least, 

thanks 

for 

an 

Jp nelson
chief executive officer
24 november 2008

resoUrce anD reserVe 
Base
the total resource for the group increased in gold content 
by  100%  to  3.105moz  (17.30mt  @  5.78g/t)  from  the 
previous  reporting  period  (fy07:  1,550moz:  16,28mt 
@ 2.9g/t)*. this increase was the result of an upgrade in 
the resource at the manica gold project in mozambique, 
which  contributed  5%  of  the  increase  in  the  inventory 
as  well  as  the  additional  ounces  gained  through  the 
acquisition  of  barberton  mines,  which  contributed  the 
remaining 39% of the increased inventory. no resource or 
reserve is reported for any of the other growth projects. 

during  the  period  under  review,  the  resource  in  gold 
content at barberton has also been increased by 3.16% to 
1.903moz (7.907mt @ 7.46g/t) compared to 1.845moz 
(8.54mt  @  6.72g/t)  at  the  date  of  acquisition.   What  is 
extremely encouraging is the increase in the gross in situ 
grade of 11% to 7.46g/t.

the  group,  as  a  result  of  the  acquisition  of  barberton 
mines,  is  able  to  state  a  reserve  for  the  first  time  of 
495koz  (2.16mt  @  7.13g/t).  geostatistical  modelling 
has successfully been applied at barberton mines and an 
upgrade in the total resource is due in the new financial 
year.

other DeVeloPMents
the  group  reviewed  15  projects  during  the  period 
under  review  as  potential  acquisition  targets.  none  of 
the  projects  fulfilled  the  criteria  of  (a)  high  quality  and 
(b)  low  cost  base  parameters  with  (c)  significant  growth 
potential. the group continues to review projects to grow 
the mineable reserve base.

Post Balance sheet 
eVents – gloBal MarKet 
MeltDoWn
post  the  period  under  review  world  financial  markets 
have been plunged into crisis as a result of the sub-prime 
home-loan lending crisis in the united states.    

as  a  result  hedge  funds  liquidated  their  positions  across 
their investment portfolio in order to maintain liquidity, 
retail shareholders sold shares at a discount to repay loans 
and  institutional  shareholders  lost  their  appetite  for  any 
new  investment.  the  net  result  was  that  share  prices 
dropped  severely  as  most  junior  exploration  companies 
lost between 50% to 75% of their market capitalisation. 
this  sell-off  was  not  selectively  based  on  the  underlying 
fundamentals  of  the  businesses  but  on  panic  –  generally 
companies  with  better  underlying  fundamentals  which 
had  higher  share  prices  were  sold  first  –  in  effect  being 
punished  even  more  so  for  doing  the  right  thing  than 
companies with no cash-flow or future prospects.

* these figures reflect a comparison of pan african before the acquisition of barberton mines and the new enlarged group.

13

  
MInIng oPeratIons

BarBerton
soUth aFrIca

Project holding
pan  african  completed  the  acquisition  of  74%  of 
barberton  mines  (pty)  ltd  from  metorex  limited 
in  a  reverse  takeover.    shanduka  resources  holds  the 
remaining  26%  as  the  black  economic  empowerment 
(bee) partner.

is  situated 

introduction
barberton  mines 
in  the  mpumalanga 
province of south africa, approximately 370km east of 
Johannesburg  and  comprises  of  three  operating  mines: 
fairview,  new  consort  and  sheba.    the  three  mines 
situated in the barberton greenstone belt, have been in 
operation  since  1886.  the  three  mines  have  produced 
close  to  8moz  or  73%  of  the  total  11moz  of  gold 
produced from the barberton greenstone belt.

Mining Progress
Fairview
•	

fairview produced 142,125 tons at a head grade of 
7.9g/t
development of the ramp system continues below 
60 level to access the main reef complex (‘mrc’) 
reef.
this ramp will take mining to 62 level.  

•	

•	

new consort

•	

•	

•	

new  consort  produced  74,153  tons  at  a  head  of 
grade 8.5g/t
the east and west orebodies have been drilled and 
evaluated.
the headgears, inclines and infrastructure at both 
declines have been completed and shaft sinking has 
commenced.

•	

•	

•	

14

sheba
•	

sheba  produced  99,027  tons  at  a  head  grade  of 
10.7g/t
decline  to  access  the  zwartkoppies  (‘zk’)  reef 
below 35 level has commenced
the  headgear  section  is  complete  and  a  winder  is 
being installed
re-equipping of the southwell adit, inter-levels and 
incline shaft complete, and necessary development 
was done to access a reserve block of reef.

    
  
 
BarBerton ProDUctIon taBle

tons milled

headgrade

overall recovery

production: underground

production: calcine dump

gold sold

average price: spot

average price: hedge 

total cash cost usd/oz sold

capital expenditure

exchange rate - average

exchange rate - closing

(t)

(g/t)

(%)

(oz)

(oz)

(oz)

(usd/oz)

(usd/oz)

(usd/oz)

(£)

(zar/£)

(zar/£)

* 2008

**2007

**2006

**2005

**2004

315,305

330,367

313,779

316,094

349,219

8.9

91

82,436

13,513

99,078

823

451

476

9.2

92

10.7

92

11.1

92

10.4

91

90,022

99,281

103,847

106,258

-

-

-

-

89,572

99,924

102,914

106,773

640

415

465

528

438

429

433

511

427

397

455

340

2,901,792 1,637,359 1,091,965 1,021,041 1,054,288

14,68

15,56

13,95

14,18

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

n/a

* 74% of the 2008 results are attributable to the equity shareholders of pan african.

** results shown from 2004 to 2007 were attributable to metorex limited (previous owners of barberton mines).

reserVe rePlaceMent ProJects anD DeVeloPMent 
Metres coMPleteD For the PerIoD
Project name
sheba - southwell adit

Metres Developed:

sheba - 335 zk decline

sheba - edwin bray to thomas and Joe’s luck area

consort - 45 level exploration drive

consort - 50 level declines

fairview - 60/62 level development

fairview - 3 shaft deepening

75.0m

126.0m

101.0m

140.0m

163.3m

540.0m

project recently commenced

15

  
BarBerton exPenDItUre

ProDUctIon cost BreaKDoWn

2008

total: £25,163,675

2007

total: £21,623,538

7%

9%

48%

24%

12%

7%

21%

28%

44%

Electricity

Production 
Cost

Dump 
Reclamation

Salaries 
& Wages

Other

caPItal exPenDItUre oF BarBerton MInes
(excludes surface exploration programme)

3,500

3,000

2,500

2,000

GBP
(000)

1,500

1,000

500

0

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

* 2004 to 2007 was attributable to Metorex limited (previous owners of Barberton Mines)

16

    
  
groWth ProJects

aMIra, eagle’s nest anD thoMas VIctory-hIll
BarBerton, soUth aFrIca

Project holding
the  amira,  eagles  nest  and  thomas  victory-hill 
exploration  projects  fall  within  a  prospecting  licence 
which  has  been  granted  to  barberton  mines  and  is 
contiguous  with  the  mine  lease  area.    pan  african  has 
initiated  a  £1  million  exploration  programme  on  the 
property  of  which  74%  of  any  gold  discovered  will  be 
attributable to the group.

Project Progress
all  the  geological  data  in  the  project  area  has  been 
collated and the group plans to initiate a soil and stream 
sediment sampling programme.

17

  
groWth ProJects

ManIca
MoZaMBIQUe

•	

•	

the  cost  of  the  total  exploration  project  to  date 
equates to us$1,79/oz as at 30 June 2008. 
during  the  year  under  review  the  resource  of 
the  project  was  upgraded  twice.  the  first  time 
in  september  2007  when  it  was  increased  by 
18%  from  1.311moz  to  1.550moz.    the  second 
upgrade  in  april  2008  was  an  increase  of  10% 
from 1.550moz to 1.701moz (11.45mt@4.6g/t).

Project holding
the  manica  project  in  mozambique  is  held  by  a  local 
company, explorator limitada which is a wholly-owned 
subsidiary of pan african.  

Project Progress

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

Work  on  the  pre-feasibility  study  is  ongoing  but 
has been delayed due to the fact that the company 
is  considering  different  mining  and  extraction 
methods.    as  a  result  the  company  only  expects 
to  complete  the  process  by  the  end  of  the    next 
financial period.
drilling and orebody outline on both the fairbride 
east and west orebodies was completed. 
the results of these programmes showed that there 
is a continuation of the mineralisation along strike 
and to depth.
19,936m  of  drilling  has  been  completed  as  at  30 
June 2008. 
during  the  year  under  review  £1.4  million  was  
spent on drilling and the pre-feasibility study as at 
30 June 2008.

18

    
  
groWth ProJects

BogoIn anD DeKoa
central aFrIcan rePUBlIc

Mining conventions signed
a  mining  convention  for  each  of  the  two  projects  was 
signed  with  the  government  of  the  central  african 
republic.    both  of  these  conventions  run  for  a  period 
of  25  years  each,  which  means  that  pan  african  has 
exclusive  right  on  both  until  2033.    the  state  has 
provided  a  number  of  concessions  and  exemptions  in 
respect  of  taxes,  duties  and  administrative  provisions 
to the benefit of the Jv.  in return, the Jv will pay the 
state a total of £352,240 for each convention, with the 
first  payment  of  £100,640  having  been    made  upon 
signature. should the properties reach the mining stage 
the state will hold a 10% free-carry.

Project holding
the bogoin and dekoa projects in the car are held by 
a local subsidiary, or oubangui sa.  the shareholding 
of the local subsidiary is a 50:50 Jv between pan african 
and cargold limited.  pan african also fulfils the role 
of project manager.

Project Progress

•	

•	

•	

the  dekoa  project,  the  larger  of  the  two  licence 
areas,  revealed  six  major  gold-in-soil  anomalies 
with an interpreted strike length of 25km.  these 
anomalies  were  discovered  through  a  regional 
stream sediment sampling programme.
at  the  bogoin  project  the  8,200m  of  rotary  air 
blast  programme  was  completed,  which  lead  to  a 
narrowing-down of the soil geochemical anomaly.
a  widely  spaced  29,062m  of  reverse  circulation 
(‘rc’) drilling programme has commenced and to 
date 2,062m has been completed.

19

  
groWth ProJects

aKroKerrI, KyereBoso anD U&n 
ghana

Project holding
three projects were acquired in ghana during the year 
under review: akrokerri, kyereboso and u&n.

pan african’s stake in the kyereboso and u&n projects 
were acquired by way of earn-in agreement.  the group 
can earn-in a maximum of 85% in the u&n and 90% 
in  the  kyereboso  projects  upon  completing  a  certain 
amount of exploration expenditure and work.

in  the  previous  financial  year,  on  27  June  2007,  the 
group acquired 90% of the akrokerri project, covering 
an area of 46.8km2.

the  akrokerri  licence  is  contiguous  with  the  largest 
gold producing mine in ghana, namely the obuasi gold 
mine which has to date produced approximately 40moz 
of gold.

Project Progress 

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

the  induced  polarization  geophysical  programme 
was completed at akrokerri.
the  dipole-dipole  geophysical  programme  was 
completed at akrokerri.
7,600m  of  core  drilling  was  completed  at 
akrokerri.
7,400m  of  core  drilling  was  completed  at 
kyereboso.
as at 30 June 2008, no work had commenced on 
the u&n proprety.

20

    
  
gross in situ MIneral resoUrce anD MIneral reserVe 
stateMent For the enlargeD groUP

total

classification

tons

grade

(g/t)

Proved

gold

(kg)

oz

classification

tons

grade

(g/t)

gold

(kg)

oz

Measured 

fairview

new consort 

sheba

937,400

120,900

401,200

5.51

7.98

8.65

5,200

167,200 fairview

1,000

32,200 new consort 

3,500

112,500

sheba

total Proved

1,459,500

6.65

9,700

311,900 total Measured

outside sections

manica 

fairview

new consort 

sheba

Probable 

 392,100 

 158,500 

151,000 

 8.92 

7.02 

7.33 

3,500

112,500 fairview

1,100

1,100

35,400 new consort 

35,400

sheba

outside sections

manica 

total Probable

 701,600 

8.12 

5,700

183,300 total Indicated

1,722,300

309,000

356,800

507,900

2,420,000

5,316,000

Indicated

435,400

126,800

492,300

1,252,300

4,162,000

6,468,800

Inferred

•	
•	

barberton mines inventory stated at a cut-off of 3g/t
manica inventory stated at a cut-off of 1g/t

fairview

new consort 

sheba

outside sections

manica 

total Inferred

378,600

203,200

162,600

1,960,400

4,872,000

7,576,800

total Proven and 
Probable

2,161,100

7.13

15,400

495,200 total Mineral 

19,361,600

resource

8.18

11.40

13.80

4.79

5.53

7.20

12.29

11.72

7.49

4.49

3.76

4.92

17.71

10.49

7.21

4.13

4.89

5.53

5.78

14,100

453,300

3,500

4,900

2,400

112,500

157,500

77,200

13,400

430,800

38,300

1,231,300

5,400

1,500

3,700

5,600

173,600

48,200

119,000

180,000

15,600

501,600

31,800

1,022,400

6,700

2,100

1,200

8,100

215,400

67,500

38,600

260,400

23,800

765,200

41,900

1,347,100

112,000

3,600,800

tons

grade

(g/t)

gold

(kg)

oz

Measured 

attrIBUtaBle (74% oF BarBerton anD 100% oF ManIca)
classification

classification

grade

gold

tons

oz

(g/t)

(kg)

Proved

fairview

new consort 

sheba

693,700

89,500

296,900

5.51

7.98

8.65

3,800

122,200 fairview

700

2,600

22,500 new consort 

83,600

sheba

total Proved

1,080,100

6.65

7,100

228,300 total Measured

outside sections

manica 

1,274,500

228,700

264,000

375,800

2,420,000

4,563,000

Probable 

Indicated

fairview

new consort 

sheba

290,100

117,300

111,700

8.92

7.02

7.33

2,600

83,600 fairview

800

800

25,700 new consort 

25,700

sheba

outside sections

manica 

total Probable

519,100

8.12

4,200

135,000 total Indicated

•	

•	

martin  bevelander,  group  consulting  geologist  for  pan  african,  is 
south african council for natural scientific professions (‘sacnasp’) 
accredited and was responsible for validating the borehole intersections.
the  resource  statement  is  south  african  mineral  resource  code 
(‘samrec’) compliant and has been verified.

note: as disclosed on page 18, the pre-feasibility study on manica has 
not yet been completed and accordingly the resources of manica are not 
yet classified as proven and probable.

fairview

new consort 

sheba

outside sections

manica 

total Inferred

322,200

93,800

364,300

926,700

4,162,000

5,869,000

Inferred

280,200

150,400

120,300

1,450,700

4,872,000

6,873,600

total Proven and 
Probable

1,599,200

7.13

11,300

363,300 total Mineral 

17,305,600

resource

8.18

11.40

13.80

4.79

5.53

7.20

12.29

11.72

7.49

4.49

3.76

4.92

17.71

10.49

7.21

4.13

4.89

5.53

5.78

10,400

334,400

2,600

3,600

1,800

83,600

115,700

57,900

13,400

430,800

31,800

1,022,400

4,000

1,000

2,700

4,200

128,600

32,200

86,800

135,000

15,600

501,600

27,500

884,200

5,000

1,600

900

160,800

51,400

28,900

6,000

192,900

23,800

765,200

37,300

1,199,200

96,600

3,105,800

the Resource numbers in the Mineral Resource and Mineral Reserve table above have been rounded to reflect the appropriate 
level of confidence and as a result rounding errors may occur.

21

  
resoUrce groWth (gross in situ)

oz
(000)

4,000

3,500

3,000

2,500

2,000

1,500

1,000

500

0

Acquisition of 
Barberton Mines

26 July 
2005

13 October 
2005

2 February 
2006

20 June 
2006

10 September 
2007

10 March 
2008

Manica

Barberton

22

    
  
DIrectors

From left to right: John hopwood, Maritz smith, rob still, charles needham, simon Malone and Jan nelson (ceo)
In the centre: Keith spencer (chairman)

execUtIVe DIrectors

keith cousens spencer
bsc eng (mining) 
executive chairman 
member: investment and technical committee
keith  cousens  spencer  (58)  is  a  qualified  mining 
engineer  with  35  years  of  practical  mining  experience. 
in  1984,  keith  was  appointed  as  general  manager 
of  greenside  colliery  and  in  1986  moved  to  kloof 
gold  mine  as  general  manager.  in  1989,  he  was 
appointed  as  consulting  engineer  for  gold  fields  of 
south  africa  limited  (‘gfsa’)  to  the  following  mines: 
doornfontein  gold  mine,  driefontein  consolidated 
gold  mine,  greenside  colliery  and  tsumeb  base 
metals  mine.  he  also  served  as  managing  director  of 
driefontein  consolidated,  chairman  and  managing 
director  of  deelkraal  gold  mine,  and  as  a  board 
member  of  all  gold  mines  belonging  to  gfsa.  in 
1999,  keith  joined  metorex  limited  first  as  a  private 
consultant and after 2 years as a permanent member of 
the  executive  managing  the Wakefield  coal  operations, 
o’okiep copper company, barberton gold mines, and 
metmin  manganese  mine.  in  2001,  keith  became  the 
operations  director  for  the  metorex  group.  keith  has 
managed  some  of  the  largest  gold  mines  in  the  world 
and  this  expertise  will  now  be  available  to  the  pan 
african team. 

Jan petrus nelson 
bsc. (hons)
chief executive officer
member: investment and technical committee
after  obtaining  his  honours  degree  in  geology,  Jan 
nelson  (38)  embarked  on  a  career  in  gold  exploration 
and  mining  in  south  africa,  zimbabwe  and tanzania. 
he has over 17 years’ experience and, within this period, 
held  positions  in  mine  management  and  operations 
with  harmony  gold  mining  company  limited, 
hunter  dickenson  and  gold  fields  limited.  he  also 
has  experience  in  dealing  with  institutional  analysts, 
institutional investors as well as shareholders.

maritz smith
b.com (hons)
financial director
maritz smith (32) is an employee and alternate director 
of  metorex  limited.  he  obtained  a  bcom  (hons) 
accounting degree from the university of Johannesburg 
in  1998  and  after  completing  his  articles  with  deloitte 
in  2001,  he  qualified  as  a  chartered  accountant.  mr 
smith  remained  with  deloitte  until  2002  when  he 
joined the metorex group as group accountant. after 
three years, mr smith was promoted to chief financial 
officer  of  metorex  limited  in  2005,  the  position  he 
retains today.

23

  
 
     
DIrectors

non-execUtIVe DIrectors
robert george still 
b.com (hons), cta
non executive
member: remuneration committee
member: audit committee
rob  still  (56)  has  over  23  years’  experience  in  mining, 
specialising  in  mining  finance.  he  started  his  career  as 
a  chartered  accountant,  becoming  a  partner  of  ernst 
and  Whinney  before  leaving  in  1986  to  co-found 
rhombus  exploration  limited.  since  then  he  has 
been  involved  in  the  mining  industry  world-wide  and 
has  held  executive  and  non-executive  directorships  in 
companies  listed  in  south  africa,  australia,  canada 
and the uk. he has participated in the evaluation and 
development  of  several  new  mining  projects  including 
rhovan,  ticor  titanium,  pangea  gold  fields  limited, 
southern  mining  corporation  limited 
(corridor 
sands),  great  basin  gold  limited  (burnstone)  and 
zimbabwe  platinum  mines  limited.  mr  still  was  the 
chief executive of pangea diamondfields plc until 30 
June 2008, and is currently the deputy chairman of the 
aim-quoted  company.    mr  still  holds  the  position  of 
deputy chairman for metorex limited.

anthony simon malone
b.sc., mbl, saimm, pr.eng.
non executive
chairman: investment and technical committee 
simon malone (65) is a mining engineer with a business 
degree  who  has  been  involved  in  the  mining  and 
exploration  sector  throughout  his  career.  his  expertise 
lies  in  the  identification,  evaluation  and  development 
of  mining  assets  and  interface  between  corporate  and 
operational management. he was initially employed by 
Jci  limited,  thereafter  chapman  Wood  and  griswald 
in  canada  before  returning  to  south  africa  where  he 
founded metorex in 1975.

charles denby stockton needham
non executive
member: remuneration committee
chairman: audit committee
charles  needham  (55)  is  the  chief  executive  officer  of 
metorex limited and has been the financial director of 
metorex  for  the  past  21  years,  prior  to  which  he  spent 
six  years  with  an  auditing  firm.  he  has  been  involved 
in  the  mining  sector  his  entire  career  and  has  specific 
expertise in financing, financial reporting, management 
reporting, hedging and company matters.

John gavin hopwood
independent, non executive director
member: remuneration committee
member: audit committee
John  hopwood  (55)  was  appointed  a  director  in  may 
2008.  he is also a director of gold fields limited and 
a  member  of  the  board  of trustees  of the  new  africa 
mining  fund  and  chairman  of  the  fund’s  investment 
committee.  previous  experience 
includes  being  a 
director and head of mergers and acquisitions division 
at ernst & young corporate finance, south africa, and 
he  was  an  executive  director  of  gold  fields  of  south 
africa limited from January 1992 to september 1998.

24

    
  
     
 
corPorate goVernance

although  not  required  to  as  an  aim  company,  the 
directors have provided corporate governance disclosures 
similar  to  those  required  of  a  company  listed  on  the 
main board of the london stock exchange.

coMMIttees
pan african is governed by a board of directors assisted 
by 
following  committees:  audit  committee, 
remuneration  committee,  investment  and  technical 
committee.

the 

corporate  governance 
is  managed  and  monitored 
by  the  board.  the  roles  of  chairman  and  group 
chief  executive  are  separate,  with  a  clear  division  of 
responsibilities to ensure a balance of authority between 
them. these positions are held by mr keith spencer and 
mr Jan nelson, respectively.

the  board  meets  quarterly  and  is  responsible  for 
preparing  financial  statements,  monitoring  executive 
management,  and  providing  direction  to  the  group’s 
activities,  as  well  as  establishing  overall  group  policy 
and providing input on strategic matters.  

following  the  barberton  acquisition  and  the  group’s 
secondary listing on the alternative exchange of the Jse 
limited  (‘altx’),  metorex  was  entitled  to  appoint  one 
director to the board of pan african for every 10 percent 
of the issued share capital it holds. three directors were 
appointed  to  the  board  during  the  year  under  review.  
currently, the board consists of three executive directors 
and four non-executive directors.

the  board  believes  the  non-executive  directors  bring  a 
wealth of experience to the group and a range of skills 
appropriate  to  facilitate  the  next  stage  of  the  group’s 
growth, 
funding, 
including  discovering,  acquiring, 
developing and operating gold projects in africa. 

the  board  has  also  considered  the  guidance  published 
by  the  institute  of  chartered  accountants  in  england 
and  Wales  (commonly  known  as  the turnbull  report) 
concerning  the  internal  control  requirements  of  the 
combined code. in line with best practice, the group 
regularly  reviews  and  manages  key  business  risks  in 
addition to managing financial risks the group faces in 
the operation of its business.

accoUntaBIlIty anD  
control
the  board  of  directors  acknowledges  its  continued 
accountability  in  retaining  full  and  effective  control 
over the group, reviewing strategy, planning operational 
and  financial  performance,  considering  acquisitions, 
disposals  and  major  capital  expenditure,  managing 
stakeholder  communications  as  well  as  other  material 
matters reserved for its decisions.  the group’s articles 
of  association  allow  provision  for  decision-making 

between board meetings, by way of written resolutions. 
internal  control  is  an  integral  part  of  the  group’s 
corporate  governance.    the  directors  aim  to  reduce 
risk,  fraud  or  loss  in  a  cost-effective  manner  by  setting 
standards  for  management  to  implement  systems  of 
internal  control.   these  systems  and  standards  include 
the proper delegation of responsibilities within a defined 
framework, accounting procedures as well as an adequate 
segregation of duties.  employees are expected to adhere 
to the highest ethical standards to guarantee that sound 
business  practices  are  conducted  in  a  manner  that  will 
be beyond criticism under reasonable circumstances.

Undergound miner, Barberton Mines

rIsK ManageMent
the group does not have a formalised risk committee; 
rather  the  group’s  internal  financial  and  operational 
control  systems  are  assessed  during  the  full  quarterly 
board meetings. 

a comprehensive assessment of risks the group faces has 
been  completed.  in  addition  to  general  risks  it  shares 
with  all  companies,  such  as  currency  risk  and  foreign 
exchange controls; insurance cover, economic, political, 
judicial, administrative or regulatory factors, the group 
has  identified  several  risks  specifically  related  to  the 
business it undertakes listed below:

•	

•	

cost of production, particularly input costs such as 
steel and chemicals
supply of power and load-shedding

25

  
  
corPorate goVernance 

•	
•	

•	

•	

•	
•	
•	

•	
•	

gold theft and security of employees
volatility  of  the  gold  price  and  the  buying  or 
selling  of  gold  bullion  held  by  central  banks  or 
other dealers
preserving black economic empowerment (‘bee’) 
shareholding
laws  governing  mineral  rights  and  environmental 
regulation
exploration and extraction risks
project development risks
human resources: dependence on key personnel, 
the south african skills exodus and increasing cost 
of labour
hiv/aids
mining 
elsewhere in africa (country risk) 

licences  and  regulatory  environments 

these risks are regularly monitored. during the financial 
year  under  review,  no  incidents  have  indicated  to  the 
board a breakdown of the internal control and systems.  
a  material  breakdown  is  defined  as  a  critical  weakness 
in  process  of  financial  systems  which  could  result  in  a 
material  loss,  contingency,  or  uncertainty  requiring 
disclosure in the published annual financial statements.

the  executive  directors  and  determines 

BoarD coMMIttees 
the remuneration committee reviews the performance 
of 
their 
remuneration  and  the  basis  of  their  service  agreements 
with  due  regard  to  the  interests  of  shareholders.  the 
remuneration committee also determines the payment 
of  any  bonuses  to  executive  directors  and  the  grant  of 
options  to  employees,  including  executive  directors, 
under  the  company’s  share  option  scheme.  the 
remuneration committee comprises charles needham 
(chairman)  and  rob  still.  after  the  financial  year-end 
John hopwood, appointed in June 2008, was appointed 
to this committee.

the  audit  committee  is  responsible  for  ensuring  that 
the  financial  performance,  position  and  prospects  of 
the  group  are  properly  monitored,  controlled  and 
reported on and for meeting the auditors and reviewing 
their  reports  relating  to  accounts  and  internal  controls. 
the  audit  committee  comprises  charles  needham 
(chairman)  and  rob  still.    after  30  June  2008,  John 
hopwood was appointed to this committee.   

simon  malone  (chairman),  rob  still,  keith  spencer 
and Jan nelson make up the investment and technical 
committee.  this committee reviews all potential new 
acquisitions to ensure that they conform to the group’s 
growth strategy and vision.  the committee meets on a 
quarterly basis.   

the  executive  directors,  namely;  keith  spencer 
(chairman),  Jan  nelson  (chief  executive  officer) 
and  maritz  smith  (financial  director)  review  both 

26

the  mining  operations  and  the  exploration  projects  on 
a  formal  basis  each  month.    this  includes  a  detailed 
review of the technical and financial parameters, as well 
as capital requirements and expenditure.  all parameters 
are  measured  against  the  strategic  plans  and  any 
variations are discussed and action plans are put in place 
to rectify such deviations.

Female miner, Barberton Mines

coMPany secretary 
the company secretary is appointed by the board.  all 
directors  have  access  to  the  advice  and  services  of  the 
company secretary, who is responsible to the board for 
ensuring compliance with procedures and regulations of 
a statutory nature.  furthermore, all directors are entitled 
to  seek  independent  professional  advice  concerning  the 
affairs  of  the  group  at  the  company’s  expense,  should 
they  believe  that  course  of  action  would  be  in  the  best 
interests of the group.

noMInateD aDVIser anD 
BroKer
during the year under review, ambrian capital acted as 
the  nominated  adviser  (nomad)  and  broker  to  the 
group under the aim rules.  the duty of the nomad 
and broker is to advise the group on compliance with 
the  aim  rules  and  continuing  obligations  as  an  aim-
quoted  company.    after  the  financial  year-end,  rbc 
capital markets was appointed as the group’s nomad 
and broker.  

    
  
corPorate goVernance

is  committed  to  creating 

sUstaInaBIlIty
pan  african 
long-term 
shareholder  value  by  embracing  opportunities  and 
managing  risk.  as  a  corporate  citizen  the  group 
recognises it must be concerned not only with financial 
returns but also with the broader impact of its activities 
on  other  stakeholder  constituencies,  the  environment, 
and particularly the health and safety of its employees. 

interaction  with  stakeholder  groups  is  fundamental  to 
a  sustainable  business  model,  as  are  the  group’s  social 
responsibility initiatives.

to 

and 

engagement 

communication 

sustainability  and  encourages 

staKeholDer 
coMMUnIcatIon
is 
stakeholder 
important 
the 
principles of transparent, honest, reliable and accessible 
reporting. pan african considers the following to be its 
key  stakeholders:  shareholders,  investors,  analysts  and 
the  media;  government  bodies  and  regulators;  business 
partners  and  suppliers;  employees  and  contractors;  and 
the communities where we operate or are exploring.  

any  material  changes  to  the  group’s  structure,  project 
updates  and  any  other  information  which  may  affect 
the  share  price  is  disseminated  simultaneously  via 
the  london  and  Jse  limited  news  services,  the 
local  media  and  the  group’s  website.    all  necessary 
measures are taken to ensure that unbiased, timely and 
relevant  communication  disseminated  is  in  line  with 
the  listing  and  regulatory  environments  in  which  we 
operate.    operating  and  financial  performance-related 
information is released in the same manner.

the  group  makes  presentations  to 
investors  and 
analysts,  meets  regularly  with  current  and  potential 
institutional  shareholders  and  investment  analysts,  and 
attends conferences and investor days.

the  executive  directors  are  available  at  all  times  to 
address any concerns or queries regarding the group and 
its  performance  and  employs  independent  investor  and 
media relations professionals in the uk and south africa 
to assist its strategic communications requirements.  

other 
stakeholders  are  engaged  directly 
correspondence, meetings and any appropriate forum. 

through 

in  addition,  employees  at  barberton  mines  receive  a 
monthly newsletter and briefings as and when necessary 
about  information  important  to  the  group  and  their 
health and safety.

BlacK econoMIc 
eMPoWerMent
black  economic  empowerment  (‘bee’)  in  the  mining 
sector  in  south  africa  is  dealt  with  in  the mineral  and 
petroleum  resources  development  act  (mprda).  
it  states  that  one  of  the  objects  of  the  mprda  is  to 
substantially  and  meaningfully  expand  opportunities 
for  historically  disadvantaged  persons  to  enter  the 
mineral  and  petroleum  industries  and  to  benefit  from 
the  exploitation  of  the  nation’s  mineral  and  petroleum 
resources.

a  mining  charter  was  adopted  in  october  2002  to 
deal  with  the  specifics  of  bee  in  mining,  and  it  refers 
to  targets  of  15%  of  equity  or  attributable  units  of 
production  vesting  in  historically  disadvantaged  south 
africans (‘hdsa’) in a particular mining project within 
5  years  of  the  start  of  the  mprda  (2002)  and  26% 
within 10 years.

the  mining  charter  was  unclear  on  how  new 
applications for licences should be made with regard to 
bee, and so a clarification document was issued by the 
department  of  minerals  and  energy.    this  document 
states  that  if  mining  rights  were  held  privately,  for 
those  to  be  converted  to  new  order  mining  rights,  the 
hdsa  requirement  is  a  minimum  of  26%,  and  if  the 
rights were state held, the hdsa requirement is 51%.  
for  all  applications  made  after  may  2005,  the  hdsa 
requirement is 26%.

shanduka has not been locked in indefinitely with regard 
to hdsa required shareholders,  this could require the 
group to take remedial action if required by the dme 
in  south  africa  should  the  shanduka  shareholding 
diminish.  The nature and extent of such remedial action 
is not known at present, if required at all, and therefore 
could present a future risk.

saFety, health anD 
enVIronMent
safety
barberton  mines  is  an  iso  sans  9001:2000  certified 
company  and 
its 
employees, sub-contractors and suppliers, and all others 
under its managerial control. employees have a right to 
work  in  a  safe  environment  and  effective  management 
of  occupational  health  and  safety  is  a  prime  group 
objective.
barberton  mines  is  committed  to  the  following  key 
principles and objectives: 

is  committed  to  the  safety  of 

•	

preventing occupational accidents and diseases and 
other  work  related  adverse  health  effects  by  the 

27

  
 
corPorate goVernance 

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	

•	
•	

•	

and 

that 

adoption of a ‘total compliance’ approach 
complying  with  all  relevant  legal  requirements 
pertaining  to  occupational  health  and  safety  as  a 
minimum standard
ensuring  that  all  its  operations  have  appropriate 
policies,  procedures  and  facilities  so  that  such 
standards can be achieved 
integrating occupational health and safety into the 
group’s overall management structure and business 
performance
ensuring 
employee 
employees 
representatives  are  consulted  and  participate 
actively at all levels of the occupational health and 
safety process 
implementing  and  sustaining  a  programme  of 
general awareness and training so as to ensure that 
both management and workers remain competent 
to carry out duties and responsibilities assigned to 
them
informing workers of their rights and ensuring that 
they understand their rights. 
allocating  reasonable  resources  to  implement  and 
perpetuate  the  occupational  health  and  safety 
system
co-operating with all health and safety agencies
implementing  a  system  of  audit  and  review  to 
enhance  continual  improvement  in  performance 
of  the  occupational  health  and  safety  system  and 
conducting  regular  reviews  of  conformance  at 
board level
implementing  a  risk  assessment  process  that  will 
effect appropriate risk management and assessment 
through elimination, reduction or control

risk  assessments  enable  barberton  to  measure  safety 
performance  with  the  goal  of  achieving  zero  harm  to 
all  employees,  sub-contractors  and  suppliers  and  are 
conducted  in  terms  of  section  11  of  the  mine  health 
and  safety  act  (29  of  1996)  and  is  managed  by  an 
appointed  risk  assessment  officer.  these  include  the 
baseline, issue base and continues risk assessment.
achievements for the 2007-2008 financial year:
a 42.50% improvement has been recorded for lost-time 
injuries compared to the previous financial year resulting 
in a 45% improvement in the lost day injury frequency 
rate.

Fairview Gold Mine
fairview achieved 1 500 000 fatality-free shifts as at June 
2008 – the last fatal accident was recorded on 20 march 
2003.

sheba Mine:
sheba  achieved  451,655 
september 2007. 
unfortunately,  there  were  two  fatal  accidents  recorded 
during 2008, the details are as follows:

fatality-free  shifts  as  at 

28

•	

•	

on  20/09/2007  a  contractor  slipped  and  fell 
climbing a travelling way.
19/02/2008  a  rock  struck  an  employee  who  fell 
whilst installing mechanical props.

in both these cases, the outcome of a dme inquiry into 
these  fatal  accidents  negated  the  management  team  of 
any wrongdoing.  

new Consort Mine:
new  consort  achieved  883,624  fatality-free  shifts  as  at 
June 2008 – the last fatal accident was recorded on 18 
march 2002.

pan  african  has  established  the  following  three-year 
targets for occupational safety:

•	

•	

•	

to achieve and maintain a physical audit rating 
of  not  less  than  90  %  and  a  lost-time  injury 
frequency  rate  of  below  five  throughout  the 
mine
 to improve the mine’s safety record by 10% in 
2009, 5% in 2010 and 5% in 2011 to achieve a 
20% improvement in a 3-year period
 to have zero fatalities

in  terms  of  the  rest  of  the  enlarged  group,  the  group 
employs  contractors  who  run  their  own  health  and 
safety programmes.

and  medical 

health
barberton  mines  is  fully  compliant  with  the  health 
programme  required  by  the  dme  in  occupational 
surveillance  programmes. 
hygiene 
the  mines  have  appointed  a  full-time  occupational 
hygienist  to  monitor  and  manage  reporting  systems; 
equipped  an  occupational  health  centre  and  employs 
a  full-time  occupational  health  nurse  and  a  part-
time  medical  practitioner.  tuberculoses  and  hiv-aids 
programmes are managed by the health centre.

in  terms  of  the  rest  of  the  enlarged  group,  employees 
belong to their own medical scheme and are responsible 
for their own health.  the group does however belong 
to  international  sos  assistance  (pty)  ltd,  a  company 
focused  on  evacuating  expatriates  to  their  country  of 
origin should a medical emergency arise. 

environment
the  environmental  programme  managed  by  barberton 
is based on the environmental monitoring programme 
(‘emp’)  approved  by  the  department  of  mineral 
and  energy  (‘dme’),  while  the  water  and  air-
monitoring programme follows the requirements of the 
department  of  Water  affairs  and  forestry  (‘dWaf’) 
and  the  department  of  environmental  affairs  and 
tourism  (‘deat’).  both  are  managed  by  an  internal 
environmental department.

    
  
corPorate goVernance

current projects include:

•	

•	

•	

clean-up of the old slimes dams in the flood plains 
of the noordkaap river.
the  removal  of  rock  by  the  private  crushers  for 
road construction and building is progressing well 
and all major rock stockpiles should be removed by 
2010.
a  full  re-assessment  of  the  current  environmental 
impact by mining activities is in progress. 

in terms of the enlarged group, the exploration projects 
are  run  according  to  the  legal  requirements  of  each 
country in terms of environmental rehabilitation.

corPorate socIal 
InVestMent
production
exploring, developing and operating in africa, often in 
the midst of very poor communities, means pan african 
is in a position to have an impact on the sustainability of 
local economic development (led), not just through 
job  creation  or  procurement  opportunities,  but  more 
directly  through  the  provision  of  support  for  social 
upliftment.

in  south  africa,  for  instance,  we  are  committed  to 
funding  support  for  community  and  social  projects 
through the barberton transformation trust. the trust 
focuses on health and education by financing hiv/aids, 
tuberculosis  and  malaria  projects  and  sponsoring  and 
assisting maths and science education and bursaries.

investment 

the  trust  also  plays  an  important  role  in  providing 
capital  investment  in  led  enterprise  development 
projects  in  the  region.  it  is  an  investment  vehicle 
sustainable  previously 
for  capital 
in 
the 
enterprises  and 
disadvantaged  person-owned 
community  that  can  supply  goods  and  services  to 
barberton  mines,  other  mines  in  the  region,  as  well  as 
the  local  community  on  an  independent  basis.  the 
aim  is  to  invest  in  enterprise  projects  that  can  become 
independent  from  barberton  mines  over  the  next  five 
years by providing scarce entrepreneurial start-up capital 
and  the  development  of  opportunities  for  hdsa’s  in 
procurement activities of the mine.

•	
•	
•	
•	
•	

among the other projects barberton’s trust funds:
soup kitchen for orphans and the elderly
three on-site primary schools
ambulance and first-aid services
life skills centre
small-scale  commercial  and  community  vegetable 
garden
Jewellery beneficiation centre

•	

Water return Project at new consort, Barberton

corPorate 
resPonsIBIlIty
groWth proJects
pan african employs mostly local people to manage their 
exploration  projects  and  supplies  training,  equipment 
and  other  support  from  the  head  office.    a  mentoring 
programme  involves  members  of  the  corporate  team 
going  to  site  and  mentoring  the  local  management 
teams.

Mozambique
pan  african  has  initiated  projects  to  assist  the  local 
community  by  drilling  water  holes  and  providing 
pumps;  donated  money  to  build  a  market  place  after 
consulting with members of the community to support 
their  needs  and  has  sponsored  two  masters  degree 
students at the university of mozambique.

Central African Republic
the  company  has  donated  money  to  a  country-wide 
programme  for  the  transportation  of  teachers  to  and 
from  their  various  schools.  pan  african  has  also  built 
a  new  school  in  bogoin,  providing  all  books  and 
equipment;  has  established  a  feeding  programme, 
a  training  programme  and  drilled  water  holes  with 
pumps  for  members  of  the  local  communities  where  it 
is drilling.

Ghana
pan african has extended its policy into ghana and has 
hired only local ghanaian contractors.

29

  
 
DIrectors’ rePort

the directors present their annual report and the audited 
financial  statements  for  the  12  month  period  ended  30 
June 2008.

of  securing  the  services  of  its  executive  directors  and 
senior employees, the retention of their services cannot be 
guaranteed.

PrIncIPal actIVItIes
the group’s principal activity during the period was that 
of  mineral  exploitation  and  exploration.    a  full  review 
of the activity of the business and of future prospects are 
contained  in  the  chief  executive  officer’s  report  which 
accompanies these financial statements, with financial and 
non-financial key performance indicators shown below.

Key PerForMance 
InDIcators
the group produces management reports on a monthly 
basis that highlight several key performance indicators 
(‘kpis’) from a corporate, operational and mangement 
perspective to assess the financial position of the group.  
these are highlighted in table 1 on page 32.

resUlts anD DIVIDenDs 
the  results 
the 
in 
consolidated income statements on page 35.  a detailed 
discussion of these results can be found on page 10.

the  period  are  disclosed 

for 

the directors do not recommend payment of a dividend.

PolIcy For PayMent oF 
creDItors
it is the company’s policy to settle all agreed transactions 
within the terms established with suppliers.  

rIsK ManageMent
the key business risks to which the company is exposed 
are as follows:

general  exploration  and  extraction  risks  -  there  is  no 
certainty  that  there  will  be  commercially  recoverable 
reserves  in  licence  areas  where  the  group  is  currently  in 
the early stages of exploration.

Project  development  risks  -  any  failure  to  effectively 
manage  the  company’s  growth  and  development  could 
have a material adverse effect on the company’s business, 
financial conditions and results.

operational risks - the company’s targets are subject to 
the completion of planned operational goals on time and 
within  set  budgets.    any  failure  to  meet  these  goals,  in 
particular through the disruption of the supply of goods 
and  services  to  the  company’s  operational  locations, 
could have an adverse effect on financial performance.

Dependence  on  key  personnel  -  whilst  the  company 
has  entered  into  contractual  arrangements  with  the  aim 

30

regulatory risks - there is no guarantee that applications 
for  mining  licences  will  be  granted  where  minerals 
are  discovered,  or  of  the  terms  of  any  such  licence.  
although  the  directors  believe  that  all  current  activities 
are being carried out in accordance with applicable rules 
or  regulations,  there  can  be  no  guarantee  that  new  rules 
or  regulations  or  changes  in  the  application  of  exisiting 
legislation will not limit or curtail exploration, production 
or development.

the board considers and reviews these risks on a strategic 
and  day-to-day  basis  in  order  to  minimise  any  potential 
exposure.

Financial risks - the major balances and financial risks to 
which the group is exposed and the controls in place to 
minimise those risks are disclosed in note 29.

Internal control
the board is responsible for maintaining a sound system 
of internal controls to safeguard shareholders’ investment 
and  group  assets.   the  directors  monitor  the  operation 
of  internal  controls.    the  objective  of  the  system  is  to 
safeguard group assets, ensure proper accounting records 
are  maintained  and  that  the  financial  information  used 
within  the  business  and  for  publication  is  reliable. 
any  such  system  of  internal  control  can  only  provide 
reasonable  but  not  absolute  assurance  against  material 
mis-statement or loss.

internal  financial  control  procedures  undertaken  by  the 
board include:

•	

•	

•	

review of monthly financial reports and monitoring 
performance.
prior  approval  of  all 
including all major investment decisions.
review and debate of treasury policy.

significant  expenditure 

the board has reviewed the operation and effectiveness of 
the company’s system of internal control for the financial 
period  and  the  period  up  to  the  date  of  approval  of  the 
financial statements.

goIng concern
the board confirms that the business is a going concern 
and  has  reviewed  its  working  capital  requirements  in 
conjunction  with  its  future  funding  capabilities  for  the 
next 12 months and has found them to be adequate.

the  enlarged  group  is  largely  debt  free  and  has  a 
profit  margin  of  approximately  40%  after  capital  and 
depreciation  at  barberton  mines.    should  the  need  arise 
the group can stop most exploration and capital activities 

    
  
DIrectors’ rePort

and  as  a  result  the  group  does  not  currently  envisage 
needing  to  raise  any  capital  from  external  sources  in  the 
market for the next 12 months.

this  confirmation  is  given  and  should  be  interpreted 
in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  s234za  of  the 
companies act 1985. 

DIrectors
the  following  were  directors  during  the  period  under 
review:

deloitte  & touche  llp  have  expressed  their  willingness 
to  continue  in  office  as  auditors  and  a  resolution  to 
reappoint  them  will  be  proposed  at  the  forthcoming 
annual general meeting.

by order of the board,

Jan nelson
chief executive officer
24 november 2008 

mr J p nelson
mr r g still
mr k c spencer (appointed 8 october 2007)
mr a s malone (appointed 27 July 2007)
mr c d s needham (appointed 27 July 2007)
mr m smith (appointed 21 february 2008)
mr J g hopwood (appointed 2 June 2008)
mr c bird (resigned 10 october 2007)
dr h J blignault (retired 18 January 2008)
mr n a steinberg (resigned 21 february 2008)

aUDItors
deloitte & touche llp has been appointed as auditors.

each  of  the  persons  who  is  a  director  at  the  date  of 
approval of this annual report confirms that:

•	

•	

so  far  as  the  director  is  aware,  there  is  no  relevant 
audit information of which the company’s auditors 
are unaware; and
the director has taken all the steps that he/she ought 
to have taken as a director in order to make himself/
herself aware of any relevant audit information and 
to  establish  that  the  company’s  auditors  are  aware 
of that information.

31

  
 
DIrectors’ rePort

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stateMent oF DIrectors’ resPonsIBIlItIes 

the  directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  annual 
report  and  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
applicable law and regulations.

company  law  requires  the  directors  to  prepare  financial 
statements  for  each  financial  year.  the  directors  are 
required  by  the  ias  regulation  to  prepare  the  group 
financial  statements  under  ifrss  (ifrss)  as  adopted  by 
the european union and have also elected to prepare the 
parent  company  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
ifrss as adopted by the european union. the financial 
statements  are  also  required  by  law  to  be  properly 
prepared  in  accordance  with  the  companies  act  1985 
and article 4 of the ias regulation.  

international  accounting  standard  1  requires 
that 
financial  statements  present  fairly  for  each  financial  year 
the  company’s  financial  position,  financial  performance 
and  cash  flows.   this  requires  the  faithful  representation 
of the effects of transactions, other events and conditions 
in  accordance  with  the  definitions  and  recognition 
criteria  for  assets,  liabilities,  income  and  expenses  set 
out  in  the  international  accounting  standards  board’s 
‘framework  for  the  preparation  and  presentation  of 
financial  statements’.    in  virtually  all  circumstances,  a 
fair presentation will be achieved by compliance with all 
applicable ifrss.  however, directors are also required to:

•	
•	

•	

properly select and apply accounting policies;
present information, including accounting policies, 
in a manner that provides relevant, reliable, 
comparable and understandable information; and 
provide additional disclosures when compliance 
with the specific requirements in ifrss are 
insufficient to enable users to understand the 
impact of particular transactions, other events and 
conditions on the entity’s financial position and 
financial performance.

the  directors  are  responsible 
for  keeping  proper 
accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy 
at  any  time  the  financial  position  of  the  company  and 
enable  them  to  ensure  that  the  financial  statements 
comply  with  the  companies  act  1985.  they  are  also 
responsible  for  safeguarding  the  assets  of  the  company 
and  hence  for  taking  reasonable  steps  for  the  prevention 
and detection of fraud and other irregularities.

by order of the board

J p nelson

m smith

chief executive officer

financial director

24 november 2008

24 november 2008

33

  
 
InDePenDent aUDItors’ rePort to the MeMBers 
oF Pan aFrIcan resoUrces Plc

We  read  the  other  information  contained  in  the  annual 
report, as described in the contents section, and consider 
whether  it  is  consistent  with  the  audited  financial 
statements.  We  consider  the  implications  for  our  report 
if  we  become  aware  of  any  apparent  misstatements  or 
material inconsistencies with the financial statements. our 
responsibilities do not extend to any further information 
outside the annual report.

BasIs oF aUDIt oPInIon
We conducted our audit in accordance with international 
standards  on  auditing  (uk  and  ireland)  issued  by  the 
auditing practices board. an audit includes examination, 
on  a  test  basis,  of  evidence  relevant  to  the  amounts  and 
disclosures  in  the  financial  statements.  it  also  includes 
an assessment of the significant estimates and judgments 
made by the directors in the preparation of the financial 
statements,  and  of  whether  the  accounting  policies  are 
appropriate to the group's and company's circumstances, 
consistently applied and adequately disclosed.

We planned and performed our audit so as to  obtain  all 
the  information  and  explanations  which  we  considered 
necessary in order to provide us with sufficient evidence to 
give reasonable assurance that the financial statements are 
free from material misstatement, whether caused by fraud 
or other irregularity or error. in forming our opinion we 
also evaluated the overall adequacy of the presentation of 
information in the financial statements. 

oPInIon
in our opinion

•	

•	

•	

the financial statements give a true and fair view, in 
accordance with ifrss as adopted by the european 
union,  of  the  state  of  the  group's  and  the  parent 
company's  affairs  as  at  30  June  2008  and  of  the 
group's  and  company’s  profit  for  the  year  then 
ended;
the financial statements have been properly prepared 
in accordance with the companies act 1985 and, as 
regards  the  group  financial  statements,  article  4  of 
the ias regulation; and
the  information  given  in  the  directors'  report  is 
consistent with the financial statements.

deloitte & touche llp
chartered accountants and registered auditors 
london, uk
24 november 2008

We have audited the group and parent company financial 
statements  (the  ''financial  statements'')  of  pan  african 
resources  plc  for  the  year  ended  30  June  2008  which 
comprise 
the  consolidated  and  company  income 
statements,  the  consolidated  and  company  balance 
sheets,  the  consolidated  and  company  cash  flow 
statements,  the  consolidated  and  company  statement 
of recognised income and expenses and the related notes 
1  to  38.  these  financial  statements  have  been  prepared 
under the accounting policies set out therein.

this report is made solely to the company’s members, as 
a body, in accordance with section 235 of the companies 
act 1985.  our audit work has been undertaken so that 
we  might  state  to  the  company’s  members  those  matters 
we are required to state to them in an auditors’ report and 
for no other purpose.  to the fullest extent permitted by 
law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone 
other  than  the  company  and  the  company’s  members 
as  a  body,  for  our  audit  work,  for  this  report,  or  for  the 
opinions we have formed.

resPectIVe 
resPonsIBIlItIes oF  
DIrectors anD aUDItors
the  directors'  responsibilities  for  preparing  the  annual 
report  and  the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
applicable  law  and  international  financial  reporting 
standards (ifrss) as adopted by the european union are 
set out in the statement of directors' responsibilities.

our  responsibility  is  to  audit  the  financial  statements 
regulatory 
relevant 
in  accordance  with 
requirements  and  international  standards  on  auditing 
(uk and ireland).

legal  and 

We report to you our opinion as to whether the financial 
statements  give  a  true  and  fair  view  and  whether  the 
financial  statements  have  been  properly  prepared  in 
accordance  with  the  companies  act  1985  and,  as 
regards  the  group  financial  statements,  article  4  of  the 
ias  regulation.  We  also  report  to  you  whether  in  our 
opinion the information given in the directors' report is 
consistent with the financial statements. the information 
given  in  the  directors'  report  includes  that  specific 
information  presented  in  the  chief  executive  officer’s 
report  that  is  cross  referred  from  the  business  review 
section of the directors' report. 

in  addition  we  report  to  you  if,  in  our  opinion,  the 
company  has  not  kept  proper  accounting  records,  if  we 
have not received all the information and explanations we 
require  for  our  audit,  or  if  information  specified  by  law 
regarding  directors'  remuneration  and  other  transactions 
is not disclosed.

34

    
  
consolIDateD anD coMPany IncoMe stateMents 
For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

group

£

company

£

year ended 
30 June 2008

year ended 
30 June 2007

year ended 
30 June 2008

notes

15 months 
ended 
30 June 2007

revenue

gold sales

gross revenue

realisation costs

on-mine revenue

cost of production

depreciation

mining profit

other (expenses)/income 

finance income

finance costs

profit/(loss) before taxation

income tax expense

profit/(loss) for the period
attributable to:

equity holders of the parent

minority interests

5

16

8

9

9

10

13

4

 39,254,557    

 26,684,796 

 39,254,557 

 26,684,796 

 (106,277) 

 (60,783) 

 39,148,280 

 26,624,013 

 (25,163,675)   (21,623,538) 

 (1,965,872) 

(1,865,997) 

 12,018,733 

 3,134,478 

–

– 

–

– 

–

–

– 

–

–

–

–

–

–

 – 

 (273,786) 

 803,561 

 (14,491) 

(1,362,960)

 217,288 

 49,018 

 39,349 

 37,195 

 (17,006) 

 (35,893) 

–

–

 11,945,229 

 3,951,164 

 24,858 

(1,325,765)

 (4,366,543) 

 (1,156,590) 

– 

–

 7,578,686 

 2,794,574 

 24,858 

(1,325,765)

 5,460,067 

 2,067,985 

 24,858 

(1,325,765)

 2,118,619 

 726,589 

–

–

 7,578,686 

 2,794,574 

 24,858 

(1,325,765)

From continuing operations:

basic earnings per share (pence)

diluted earnings per share (pence)

14

14

 0.52 

 0.51 

 0.35 

 0.35 

– 

– 

–

– 

as  the  acquisition  of  barberton  mines  in  the  year,  represented  a  reverse  acquisition,  the  year  ended  30  June  2008  group 
income statement includes 11 months of par and 12 months of barberton mines.  the group’s comparatives are those of 
barberton mines.

35

consolIDateD anD coMPany Balance sheets 
at 30 JUne 2008

assets

non-current assets

property, plant and equipment

intangible asset other than goodwill

goodwill

investments

rehabilitation trust fund

current assets

inventories

trade and other receivables

receivables from other group companies

cash and cash equivalents

group

£

company

£

notes

2008

2007

2008

2007

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

 20,069,814 

 20,731,502 

21,670

 12,837,045 

 21,000,714 

– 

– 

–

–

–

–

–

34,223,594

3,069,705

 1,739,522 

 1,743,648 

–

–

 55,647,095 

 22,475,150 

 34,245,264 

3,069,705

 377,974 

 125,498 

–

–

 2,972,776 

 2,185,552 

310,193

3,640,646

–

–

10,270,252

 5,419,489 

 422,416 

1,455,587 

 8,770,239 

 2,733,466 

 12,036,032 

–

 326,797

3,967,443

total assets

 64,417,334 

 25,208,616 

 46,281,296 

7,037,148

eQUIty anD lIaBIlItIes

capital and reserves

share capital

share premium account

preference share capital and premium

hedging and translation reserve

retained earnings

share option reserve

merger reserve

equity attributable to equity holders of parent

minority interest

total equity

non-current liabilities

borrowings

long-term provisions

deferred tax liabilities

current liabilities

trade and other payables

borrowings

short-term provisions

derivative financial instruments

current tax liabilities

24,25

10,998,664 

4,180,032

 10,998,664 

 4,180,032 

24

24

24

24

24

24

24

26

27

28

26

27

29

 37,267,475 

4,076,769

 37,267,475 

 4,076,769 

–

5,578,175

 (1,118,262)

 (1,041,234)

–

–

–

–

9,946,021

 4,485,954

(4,073,273)

(4,098,131)

285,312

 128,360 

491,320

 296,162 

(10,705,308)

(6,189,702)

1,560,000

 1,560,000 

 46,673,902 

 11,218,354

 46,244,186 

6,014,832

3,694,869

1,576,250

–

–

 50,368,771 

 12,794,604 

46,244,186

6,014,832

 16,822 

 115,665 

 2,219,954 

 2,284,142 

 5,201,245 

 5,526,973 

 7,438,021 

 7,926,780 

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 2,754,795 

 1,926,944 

37,110 

1,022,316

 89,269 

 711,085 

 170,017 

 711,903 

-

 1,092,232 

 3,055,393 

 586,136 

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 6,610,542 

 4,487,232 

 37,110 

1,022,316 

total equity and liabilities

 64,417,334 

 25,208,616 

 46,281,296 

7,037,148

36

 
the financial statements were approved by the board of directors and authorised for issue on 24 
november 2008.  they were signed on its behalf by:

J p nelson

chief executive officer

24 november 2008

m smith

financial director

24 november 2008

37

consolIDateD anD coMPany cash FloW 
stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

group

£

company

£

notes

2008

2007

2008

2007

net cash FroM/(UseD In) oPeratIng 
actIVItIes

37

11,239,529

5,728,021

2,092,178

(381,921)

InVestIng actIVItIes

dividends received

additions to property, plant and equipment

additions to intangibles

proceeds on disposal of property, plant and 
equipment

loans to subsidiaries

funding of rehabilitation trust fund

cash acquired with subsidiary
net cash UseD In InVestIng 
actIVItIes

FInancIng actIVItIes

preference dividends paid

borrowings raised

borrowings repaid

redemption of preference share capital

shares issued
net cash (UseD In)/FroM FInancIng 
actIVItIes

net Increase/(Decrease) In cash anD 
cash eQUIValents

cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the 
period

effect of foreign exchange rate changes

–

–

(3,031,659)

(1,552,258)

(2,652,270)

–

473,085

(21,670)

–

–

–

–

–

–

17,302

–

–

–

(2,199,795)

(1,233,025)

4,126

(119,156)

226,164

–

–

–

(5,453,639)

(1,654,112)

(1,748,380)

–

–

(645,161)

167,661

(179,591)

(174,577)

–

(2,939,068)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 784,624 

–

784,624

67,091

(605,033)

(3,591,145)

784,624

201,082

6,390,923

482,769

1,128,422

 (1,547,855) 

 422,416 

 (1,393,849) 

(27,590) 

(32,763)

 326,797

 1,874,652 

368

–

cash anD cash eQUIValents at the 
enD oF the PerIoD

 5,419,489 

 422,416 

1,455,587

326,797

38

consolIDateD anD coMPany stateMent oF recognIseD 
IncoMe anD exPense For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

profit for the year/period

group

£

company

£

year ended 
30 June 2008
7,578,686

year ended 
30 June 2007
2,794,574

year ended 
30 June 2008
24,858

15 months 
ended 
30 June 2007
(1,325,765)

exchange differences on translation of foreign operations

(77,028)

2,700,177

–

–

total recognised income and expense for the year/period

7,501,658

5,494,751

24,858

(1,325,765)

attributable to:

equity holders of the parent

minority interests

5,383,039

4,768,162

24,858

(1,325,765)

2,118,619

726,589

–

–

7,501,658

5,494,751

24,858

(1,325,765)

39

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

1. general InForMatIon
pan  african  is  a  company  incorporated  in  england  and Wales  under 
the  companies  act  1985.   the  company’s  has  a  primary  listing  on 
the  alternative  investment  market  (‘aim’)  of  the  london  stock 
exchange and a secondary listing on the alternative exchange (‘altx’), 
a division of the Jse limited.  the nature of the group’s operations and 
its principal activities are set out in the directors report on page 32.  

the  financial  statements  are  presented  in  pounds  sterling.    foreign 
operations are included in accordance with the policies set out  below.  the 
individual  financial  statements  of  each  group  company  are  presented  in 
the  currency  of  the  primary  economic  environment  in  which  it  operates.  
for  the  purpose  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  results  and 
financial position of each group company are expressed in pounds sterling. 

the financial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis.

the  financial  statements  have  also  been  prepared  in  accordance  with 
ifrs  adopted  by  the  european  union  and  therefore  the  group  financial 
statements comply with article 4 of the eu ias regulation.  

as  a  result  of  the  reverse  takeover  of  barberton  mines  mentioned  below, 
the  group  accounts  have  been  prepared  as  a  combination  of  barberton’s 
accounts using ifrs. 

2. accoUntIng PolIcIes
Basis of preparation and general information
the  annual  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  under  the  historical-
cost basis, except for certain financial instruments which are stated at fair 
value, and in accordance with international financial reporting standards. 
the  principal  accounting  policies  are  set  out  below  and  are  consistent  in 
all material respects with those applied in the previous year; except where 
otherwise indicated.  for all periods up to and including the year 30 June 
2007,  the  company  prepared  its  financial  statements  in  accordance  with 
the united kingdom generally accepted accounting practice (uk gaap).  
these financial statements, for the year ended 30 June 2008, are the first 
that the company has prepared in accordance with ifrs as adopted by the 
european union (eu).  the financial statements have also been prepared 
in  accordance  with  the  international  financial  reporting  interpretations 
committee (ifric) interpretations and with those parts of the companies 
act 1985 applicable to companies reporting under ifrs.  as a result of the 
conversion  from  uk gaap  to ifrs,  no  adjustments  have  been  required 
to be made to the comparatives for the year ended 30 June 2007, or the 
balance sheet at the transition date of 1 July 2006.

reverse acquisition

on  31  July  2007  the  company  acquired  74%  of  barberton  mines  (pty) 
limited (‘barberton’) in a share-for-share transaction. 

ifrs3  ‘business  combinations’  defines  the  acquirer  in  a  business 
combination  as  the  entity  that  obtains  control.  accordingly,  the 
combination was accounted for as a reverse acquisiton.

as a consequence of applying reverse acquisition accounting, the results of 
the group at 30 June 2008 comprise the results of pan african resources 
for the 11 months ended 30 June 2008 and the   12 months ended 30 June 
2008 of barberton mines. the comparative figures for the group are those 
of barberton mines for the 12 months to 30 June 2007. 

new accounting policies adopted
IFrs 7 – Financial Instruments: Disclosure
in the current year, the group has adopted ifrs 7 financial instruments: 
disclosure which is effective for annual reporting periods beginning on or 
after 1 January 2007. the impact of the adoption of ifrs 7 has resulted 
in increased disclosure relating to the significance of financial instruments 
on  the  group’s  financial  position  and  performance  and  the  nature  and 
extent of risks arising from these financial instruments to which the group 
is exposed during the period and at year-end and the manner in which the 
group manages these risks.

40

new  and  revised  International  Financial  reporting  standards  not  yet 
adopted
at the date of authorisation of these financial statements, the following 
standards and interpretations which have not been applied in these 
financial statements were in issue but not yet effective:

ifrs 8  operating segments
ifric 11  ifrs 2 – group and treasury share transactions
ifric 12  service concession arrangements
ifric 14   ias 19—the limit on a defined benefit asset,  

ifrs3 

minimum funding requirements and their interaction
business combinations (revised)

the  directors  anticipate  that  the  adoption  of  these  standards  and 
interpretations  in  future  periods  will  have  no  material  impact  on  the 
financial statements of the group except for additional segment disclosures 
when  ifrs  8  comes  into  effect  for  periods  commencing  on  or  after  1 
January 2009.

Basis of consolidation 
the consolidated financial statements incorporate the financial statements of 
the  company  and  entities  controlled  by  the  company  (its  subsidiaries)  to 
30 June each year. control is achieved where the company has the power to 
govern the financial and operating policies of an investee enterprise so as to 
obtain benefits from its activities.

on  acquisition,  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  a  subsidiary  are  measured  at 
their  fair  values  at  the  date  of  exchange  of  assets  given,  liabilities  incurred 
or  assumed  and  equity  instruments  issued  by  the  group  in  exchange  for 
control  of  the  acquiree  plus  any  costs  directly  attributable  to  the  business 
combination. the interest of minority shareholders is stated at the minority’s 
proportion  of  the  fair  values  of  the  assets  and  liabilities  recognised. 

the results of the subsidiaries acquired or disposed of during the year are 
included in the consolidated income statement from the effective date of 
acquisition or up to the effective date of disposal, as appropriate.

inter-company  transactions  and  balances  between  group  entities  are 
eliminated on consolidation.

Business combinations
acquisitions  of  subsidiaries  and  businesses  are  accounted  for  using  the 
purchase  method.  the  cost  of  the  business  combinations  is  measured  as 
the  aggregate  of  the  fair  values  (at  the  date  of  exchange)  of  assets  given, 
liabilities incurred or assumed, and equity instruments issued by the group 
in exchange for control of the acquiree, plus any costs directly attributable 
to  the  business  combination.  the  acquiree’s  identifiable  assets,  liabilities 
and  contingent  liabilities  that  meet  the  conditions,  for  recognition  under 
ifrs  3  business  combinations  are  recognised  at  their  fair  values  at  the 
acquisition date, except for non-current assets (or disposal groups) that are 
classified  as  held-for-sale  in  accordance  with  ifrs  5  non-current  assets 
held-for-sale  and  discontinued  operations,  which  are  recognised  and 
measured at fair value less costs-to-sell.

goodwill  arising  on  acquisition  are  recognised  as  an  asset,  and  initially 
measured at cost, being the excess of the cost of the business combination 
over  the  group’s  interest  in  the  net  fair  value  of  the  identifiable  assets, 
liabilities  and  contingent  liabilities  recognised.  if,  after  reassessment, 
the  group’s  interest  in  the  net  fair  value  of  the  acquiree’s  identifiable 
assets,  liabilities  and  contingent  liabilities  exceeds  the  cost  of  the  business 
combination, the excess is recognised immediately in profit or loss.

the interest of minority shareholders in the acquiree is initially measured 
at  the  minority’s  proportion  of  net  fair  value  of  the  assets,  liabilities  and 
contingent liabilities recognised.

Property, plant and equipment
mining assets 
mining assets, including mine development costs and mine plant facilities, 
are  recorded  at  cost  of  acquisition  less  provision  for  impairment  and 
accumulated depreciation.

 
 
 
 
 
 
consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

expenditure incurred to develop new ore bodies, to define mineralisation 
in  existing  ore  bodies,  to  establish  or  expand  productive  capacity  and 
expenditure  designed  to  maintain  productive  capacities,  are  capitalised 
until commercial levels of production are achieved.

mineral and surface rights 
mineral and surface rights are recorded at cost of acquisition less provision 
for impairment and accumulated depreciation. 

land 
land is shown at cost and is not depreciated.

gain or loss on disposal or retirement of assets

the  gain  or  loss  arising  on  the  disposal  or  retirement  of  an  item  of 
property, plant and equipment is determined as the difference between the 
sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in 
profit or loss.

Depreciation
depreciation of mining assets and mineral and surface rights
mining  assets,  mine  development  costs,  mineral  and  surface  rights  and 
plant  mine  facilities  are  depreciated  over  the  life  of  the  mines  to  their 
residual values using the units-of-production method based on estimated 
proved and probable ore reserves or where impractical, directors’ estimates 
subject to a maximum life of mine of 20 years.

the  assets  of  the  underlying  mines  are  depreciated  over  the  following 
periods:
barberton mines 

12 years

other  mining  plant  and  equipment  is  depreciated  on  the  straight-line 
basis over the shorter of the life of the mine or their estimated useful lives.

Depreciation of non-mining assets 
buildings and other non-mining assets are recorded at cost and depreciated 
on  the  straight-line  basis  over  their  expected  useful  lives,  which  vary 
between 4 to 10 years.

Mining exploration 
expenditure  on  exploration  activities  is  capitalised  until  the  viability  of 
the mining venture has been proven. if the mining venture is subsequently 
considered  non-viable  the  expenditure  is  charged  against  income  as  and 
when that fact becomes known.

Impairment (except for goodwill)

at each balance sheet date, the group reviews the carrying amounts of its 
tangible and intangible assets to determine whether there is any indication 
that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. if any such indication 
exists  both  the  value  in  use  and  the  recoverable  amount  of  the  asset 
is  estimated  in  order  to  determine  the  extent  of  the  impairment  loss  (if 
any).  Where  it  is  not  possible  to  estimate  the  recoverable  amount  of  an 
individual asset, the group estimates the recoverable amount of the cash-
generating unit to which the asset belongs.

impairment losses are immediately recognised as an expense. a reversal of 
an  impairment  loss  is  recognised  immediately  in  the  income  statement, 
unless the relevant asset is carried at a revalued amount, in which case the 
reversal of the impairment loss is treated as a revaluation increase.

goodwill 
goodwill  arising  on  consolidation  represents  the  excess  of  the  cost  of 
acquisition  over  the  group’s  interest  in  the  fair  value  of  the  identifiable 
assets and liabilities of a subsidiary, associate or jointly controlled entity at 
the date of acquisition. goodwill is initially recognised as an asset at cost 
and is subsequently measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses.

for  the  purpose  of  impairment  testing,  goodwill  is  allocated  to  each  of 
the group’s cash generating units (‘cgu’) expected to benefit from the 
synergies  of  the  combination.  cash-generating  units  to  which  goodwill 
has been allocated are tested for impairment annually, or more frequently 
when  there  is  an  indication  that  the  unit  may  be  impaired.  if  the 
recoverable  amount  of  the  cash-generating  unit  is  less  than  the  carrying 
amount  of  the  unit,  the  impairment  loss  is  allocated  first  to  reduce  the 
carrying  amount  of  any  goodwill  allocated  to  the  unit  and  then  to  the 
other  assets  of  the  unit  pro  rata  on  the  basis  of  the  carrying  amount  of 
each asset in the unit. an impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not 
reversed in a subsequent period.

on  disposal  of  a  subsidiary,  associate  or  jointly  controlled  entity,  the 
attributable  amount  of  goodwill  is  included  in  the  determination  of  the 
profit or loss on disposal.

the group’s policy for goodwill arising on the acquisition of a subsidiary 
is described above.

taxation 
the charge for current tax is based on the results for the year as adjusted for 
items which are non-deductible or disallowed. it is calculated using tax rates 
that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

deferred  tax  is  accounted  for  using  the  balance  sheet  liability  method  in 
respect  of  temporary  differences  arising  from  differences  between  the 
carrying  amount  of  assets  and  liabilities  in  the  financial  statements  and 
the  corresponding  tax  basis  used  in  the  computation  of  taxable  profit. in 
principle,  deferred  tax  liabilities  are  recognised  for  all  taxable  temporary 
differences,  and  deferred  tax  assets  are  recognised  to  the  extent  that  it  is 
probable  that  taxable  profit  will  be  available  against  which  deductible 
temporary  differences  can  be  utilised.  such  assets  and  liabilities  are  not 
recognised  if  the  temporary  difference  arises  from  goodwill  or  from  the 
initial recognition (other than a business combination) of other assets and 
liabilities in a transaction, which affects neither tax nor accounting profit.

deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the 
period when the asset is realised or the liability is settled, based on tax rates 
(and laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance 
sheet date. the measurement of deferred tax liabilities and asset reflects the 
tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the group 
expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount of 
its assets and liabilities. deferred tax is charged or credited to the income 
statement, except when it relates to items credited or charged directly to 
equity,  in  which  case  the  deferred  tax  is  also  recorded  within  equity,  or 
where they arise from the initial accounting for a business combination. in 
a business combination, the tax effect is taken into account in calculating 
goodwill or in determining the excess of the acquirer’s interest in the net 
fair  value  of  the  acquiree’s  identifiable  assets,  liabilities  and  contingent 
liabilities over the cost of the business combination.

the  carrying  amount  of  deferred  tax  assets  are  reviewed  at  each  balance 
sheet  date  and  reduced  to  the  extent  that  it  is  no  longer  probable  that 
sufficient taxable profits will be available to allow all or parts of the asset 
to be recovered. 

Provisions 
provisions  are  recognised  when  the  group  has  a  legal  or  constructive 
obligation  resulting  from  past  events  and  it  is  probable  that  an  outflow 
of  resources  embodying  economic  benefits  will  be  required  to  settle  the 
obligation  and  a  reliable  estimate  can  be  made  of  the  amount  of  the 
obligation.

the  amount  recognised  as  a  provision  is  the  best  estimate  of  the 
consideration required to settle the present obligation at the balance sheet 
date,  taking  into  account  the  risks  and  uncertainties  surrounding  the 
obligation. 

41

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

When some or all of the economic benefits required to settle a provision 
are expected to be received from a third party, the receivable is recognised 
as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and 
the amount of the receivable can be measured reliably.

Foreign currencies
transactions  in  currencies  other  than  the  functional  currency  of  the 
relevant subsidiary are initially recorded at the rates of exchange ruling on 
the dates of the transactions. monetary assets and liabilities denominated 
in such currencies are retranslated at the rates ruling at the balance sheet 
date. profits and losses arising on exchange are dealt with in the income 
statement.

in  order  to  hedge  its  exposure  to  foreign  exchange  risks,  the  group 
may  enter  into  forward  contracts  (see  note  29 for  details  of  the  group’s 
accounting policies in respect of such derivative financial instruments).

on  consolidation,  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  the  group’s  foreign 
operations  are  translated  into  pounds  sterling  at  exchange  rates  ruling 
at  the  balance  sheet  date.  income  and  expense  items  are  translated  at 
the  average  exchange  rates  for  the  period.  exchange  differences  arising 
from the translation of foreign operations are classified as equity and are 
recognised  as  income  or  expenses  in  the  period  in  which  the  operation 
is  disposed  of.  translation  differences  on  foreign  loans  to  subsidiaries 
which are classified as equity loans are accounted for as non-distributable 
reserves.

goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the acquisition of a foreign 
operation are treated as assets and liabilities of the reporting entity and are 
recorded using the exchange rate at the date of the transaction.

consumable stores and product inventories
consumable  stores  are  valued  at  the  lower  of  cost,  determined  on  a 
weighted  average  basis,  and  estimated  net  realisable  value.  net  realisable 
value  represents  the  estimated  selling  price  less  all  estimated  costs  of 
completion and costs to be incurred in marketing, selling and distribution. 
obsolete and slow-moving consumable stores are identified and are written 
down to their economic or realisable values. product inventories are valued 
at  the  lower  of  cost,  determined  on  a  weighted-average  basis,  and  net 
realisable value. costs include direct mining costs and mine overheads. 

retirement benefits
payments to defined contribution retirement benefit plans are charged as 
an expense as they fall due. payments made to state-managed schemes are 
dealt  with  as  defined  contribution  plans  where  the  group’s  obligations 
under the schemes are equivalent to those arising in a defined contribution 
retirement benefit plan.

Post-retirement benefits other than pension
certain companies within the group provide retirement benefits by way 
of  medical-aid  schemes  for  employees.  charges  to  the  income  statement 
are based on an accrual basis. the estimated cost for retiree health-care is 
accrued during the participants’ actual service periods, up to the date they 
become eligible for full benefits.

equity participation plan
equity-settled  share-based  payments  to  employees  and  others  providing 
similar  services  are  measured  at  the  fair  value  of  the  equity  instruments 
at the grant date. details regarding the determination of the fair value of 
equity-settled share-based transactions are set out in note 33.

the  fair  value  determined  at  the  grant  date  of  the  equity-settled  share-
based payments is expensed on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, 
based  on  the  group’s  estimate  of  equity  instruments  that  will  eventually 
vest.  at  each  balance  sheet  date,  the  group  revises  its  estimate  of  the 
number of equity instruments expected to vest. the impact of the revision 
of  the  original  estimates,  if  any,  is  recognised  in  profit  or  loss  over  the 

42

remaining vesting period, with a corresponding adjustment to the equity-
settled employee benefits reserve.

Provision for environmental rehabilitation costs
long-term environmental obligations are based on barberton mines (pty) 
ltd environmental plans, in compliance with current environmental and 
regulatory requirements.

full provision is made based on the net present value of the estimated cost 
of  restoring  the  environmental  disturbance  that  has  occurred  up  to  the 
balance  sheet  date.  increases  due  to  additional  environmental  disturbances 
are capitalised and amortised over the remaining lives of the mines. 

the estimated cost of rehabilitation is reviewed annually and adjusted as 
appropriate for changes in legislation or technology. cost estimates are not 
reduced  by  the  potential  proceeds  from  the  sale  of  assets  or  from  plant 
clean-up at closure.

Provision for closure costs 
the group provides for closure costs other than rehabilitation costs when 
the  directors  have  prepared  a  detailed  plan  for  closure  of  the  particular 
operation, the remaining life of which is such that significant changes to 
the plan are unlikely; and the directors have raised a valid expectation in 
those affected that it will carry out the closure by starting to implement 
that plan or announcing its main features to those affected by it. 

revenue recognition
revenue  represents  the  value  of  minerals  sold,  excluding  value-added  tax 
and is recognised when goods are delivered and risk and reward has passed, 
and is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable.

interest  income  is  accrued  on  a  time  basis,  by  reference  to  the  principal 
outstanding and at the interest rates applicable, which is the rate that exactly 
discounts  estimated  future  cash  receipts  through  the  expected  life  of  the 
financial asset to that asset’s net carrying amount.

dividend  income  from  investments  is  recognised  when  the  shareholders’ 
rights to receive payment have been established.

revenue is recognised when the buyer takes title, provided:

  (a) it is probable that delivery will be made; 
  (b) the item is on hand, identified and ready for delivery to the  buyer at 

the time the sale is recognised; 

  (c) the buyer specifically acknowledges the deferred delivery  instruc-

tions; and

  (d) the usual payment terms apply.

Investment
investments  are  recognised  and  derecognised  on  trade  date  where  the 
purchase or sale of an investment is under a contract whose terms require 
delivery of the investment within the timeframe established by the market 
concerned, and are initially measured at fair value, plus transaction costs, 
except for those financial assets classified as at fair value through profit or 
loss, which are initially measured at fair value.

fixed asset investments in subsidiaries are shown at cost less provision for 
impairment.

loans and receivables

trade  receivables,  loans  and  other  receivables  that  have  fixed  or 
determinable  payments  that  are  not  quoted  in  an  active  market  are 
classed  as  loans  and  receivables.  loans  and  receivables  are  measured  at 
amortised  cost  using  the  effective  interest  method,  less  an  impairment. 
interest income is recognised by applying the effective interest rate, except 
for  short-term  receivables  when  the  recognition  of  interest  would  be 
immaterial.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

Impairment of financial assets
financial  assets,  other  than  those  at  fair value through  profit  and  loss 
(‘fvtpl’), are assessed for indicators of impairment at each balance sheet 
date. financial assets are impaired where there is objective evidence that, 
as a result of one or more events that occurred after the initial recognition 
of  the  financial  asset,  the  estimated  future  cash  flows  of  the  investment 
have been negatively impacted.

Derecognition of financial assets

the group derecognises a financial asset only when the contractual rights 
to the cash flows from the asset expire; or it transfers the financial asset and 
substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another 
entity. if the group neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks 
and rewards of ownerships and continues to control the transferred asset, 
the  group  recognises  its  retained  interest  in  the  asset  and  an  associated 
liability for amounts it may have to pay. if the group retains substantially 
all the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred financial asset, the 
group  continues  to  recognise  the  financial  asset  and  also  recognises  a 
collateralised borrowing for the proceeds received.

Financial liabilities and equity instruments issued by the group
classification as debt or equity
debt and equity instruments are classified as either financial liabilities or 
as equity in accordance with the substance of the contractual arrangement.

equity instruments
an  equity  instrument  is  any  contract  that  evidences  a  residual  interest 
in  the  assets  of  an  entity  after  deducting  all  of  its  liabilities.  equity 
instruments issued by the group are recorded at the proceeds received, net 
of direct issue costs.

Financial liabilities
financial  liabilities  are  classified  as  either  financial  liabilities  fvtpl  or 
“other financial liabilities”.

Financial liabilities at FVtPl
financial liabilities are classified as at fvtpl where the financial liability 
is either held for trading or it is designated as at fvtpl.

a financial liability is classified as held for trading if:

•	

•	

•	

it  has  been  incurred  principally  for  the  purpose  of  repurchasing  in 
the near future; or

it is part of an identified portfolio of financial instruments that the 
group  manages  together  and  has  a  recent  actual  pattern  of  short-
term profit-taking; or

it  is  a  derivative  that  is  not  designated  and  effective  as  a  hedging 
instrument.

a financial liability other than a financial liability held for trading may be 
designated as at fvtpl upon initial recognition if:

•	

•	

•	

such designation eliminates or significantly reduces a measurement 
or recognition inconsistency that would otherwise arise; or 

the  financial  liability  forms  part  of  a  group  of  financial  assets  or 
financial liabilities or both, which is managed and its performance 
is  evaluated  on  a  fair  value  basis,  in  accordance  with  the  group’s 
strategy,  and 
documented 
information about the grouping is provided internally on that basis; 
or

risk  management  or 

investment 

it  forms  part  of  a  contract  containing  one  or  more  embedded 
derivatives,  and  ias  39  Financial  instruments:  Recognition  and 
Measurement permits the entire combined contract (asset or liability) 
to be designated as at fvtpl.

financial  liabilities  at  fvtpl  are  stated  at  fair  value,  with  any  resultant 
gain or loss recognised in profit or loss. the net gain or loss recognised in 
profit or loss incorporates any interest paid on the financial liability. 

other financial liabilities
other  financial  liabilities  are  subsequently  measured  at  amortised  cost 
using the effective interest method, with interest recognised on an effective 
yield basis.

the effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost 
of a financial liability and of allocating interest expense over the relevant 
period. the effective interest rate is the rate that discounts the estimated 
future cash payments through the expected life of the financial liability, or, 
where appropriate, a shorter period.

Derecognition of financial liabilities
the  group  derecognises  financial  liabilities  when,  and  only  when,  the 
group’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or they expire.

Derivative financial instruments
in  the  ordinary  course  of  its  operations,  the  group  enters  into  a  variety 
of derivative financial instruments to manage its exposure to commodity 
prices, volatility of interest rates and foreign exchange rate risk.

derivatives are initially recognised at cost at the date a derivative contract 
is entered into and are subsequently re-measured to their fair value at each 
balance sheet date. the resulting gain or loss is recognised in profit or loss 
immediately unless the derivative is designated and effective as a hedging 
instrument, in which event the timing of the recognition in profit or loss 
depends on the nature of the hedge relationship.

a derivative is presented as a non-current asset or a non-current liability if 
the remaining maturity of the instrument is more than 12 months and it is 
not expected to be realised or settled within 12 months. other derivatives 
are presented as current assets or current liabilities.

hedge accounting
the  group  designates  certain  hedging  instruments,  which  include 
derivatives, embedded derivatives and non-derivatives in respect of foreign 
currency  risk,  as  either  fair  value  hedges,  cash  flow  hedges,  or  hedges  of 
net investments in foreign operations. hedges of foreign exchange risk or 
firm commitments are accounted for as cash flow hedges.

at  the  inception  of  the  hedge  relationship,  the  entity  documents  the 
relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, along 
with  its  risk  management  objectives  and  its  strategy  for  undertaking 
various  hedge  transactions.  furthermore,  at  the  inception  of  the  hedge 
and  on  an  ongoing  basis,  the  group  documents  whether  the  hedging 
instrument  that  is  used  in  a  hedging  relationship  is  highly  effective  in 
offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of the hedged item.

note  29  sets  out  details  of  the  fair  values  of  the  derivative  instruments 
used  for  hedging  purposes.  movements  in  the  hedging  reserve  in  equity 
are also detailed in the statement of changes in equity.

Fair value hedge
changes in the fair value of derivatives that are designated and qualify as 
fair value hedges are recorded in profit or loss immediately, together with 
any  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  hedged  item  that  are  attributable  to 
the hedged risk. the change in the fair value of the hedging instrument 
and  the  change  in  the  hedged  item  attributable  to  the  hedged  risk  are 
recognised in the line of the income statement relating to the hedged item.

hedge  accounting  is  discontinued  when  the  group  revokes  the  hedging 
relationship,  the  hedging  instrument  expires  or  is  sold,  terminated,  or 
exercised, or no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. the adjustment to 
the  carrying  amount  of  the  hedged  item  arising  from  the  hedged  risk  is 
amortised to profit or loss from that date.

43

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

these projections are reviewed by the board and adjusted from time 
to time.  the current life of mine has been independently aduited 
by  srk  in  a  competent  persons  report  (‘cpr’)  on  barberton, 
dated 4 July 2007, and is available on the company’s website at 

www.panafricanresources.com 

estimates  made  of  legal  or  constructive  obligations  resulting  in  the 
raising  of  provisions,  and  the  expected  date  of  probable  outflow 
of  economic  benefits  to  assess  whether  the  provision  should  be 
discounted;

estimates  of  mineral  resources  and  ore  reserves  in  accordance  with 
the  samrec  code  (2000)  for  south  african  properties.  such 
estimates relate to the category for the resource (measured, indicated 
or inferred), the quantum and the grade. 

estimates  of  the  carrying  value  of  goodwill  are  limited  to  the 
estimates of mineral resource; and 

estimates  of  the  fair  value  of  assets  at  acquisition  are  made  in 
accordance with ifrs and take into account the replacement value 
of assets, in particular, intagibles related to exploration.

•	

•	

•	

•	

cash flow hedge
the  effective  portion  of  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  derivatives  that  are 
designated  and  qualify  as  cash  flow  hedges  are  deferred  in  equity.  the 
gain  or  loss  relating  to  the  ineffective  portion  is  recognised  immediately 
in profit or loss, and is included in the “other gains and losses” line of the 
income statement.

amounts  deferred  in  equity  are  recycled  in  profit  or  loss  in  the  periods 
when the hedged item is recognised in profit or loss, in the same line of 
the income statement as the recognised hedged item. however, when the 
forecast  transaction  that  is  hedged  results  in  the  recognition  of  a  non-
financial  asset  or  a  non-financial  liability,  the  gains  and  losses  previously 
deferred in equity are transferred from equity and included in the initial 
measurement of the cost of the asset or liability.

hedge  accounting  is  discontinued  when  the  group  revokes  the  hedging 
relationships,  the  hedging  instrument  expires  or  is  sold,  terminated,  or 
exercised, or no longer qualifies for hedge accounting. any cumulative gain 
or loss deferred in equity at that time remains in equity and is recognised 
when  the  forecast  transaction  is  ultimately  recognised  in  profit  or  loss. 
When a forecast transaction is no longer expected to occur, the cumulative 
gain or loss that was deferred in equity is recognised immediately in profit 
or loss.

cash and cash equivalents
cash and cash equivalents comprise cash-on-hand and demand deposits, 
and other short-term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible 
to  a  known  amount  of  cash  and  are  subject  to  an  insignificant  risk  of 
changes in value.

Joint Ventures

Joint ventures (‘Jvs’) are consolidated on a proportianate basis according 
to the level of ownership held by the group.

3.  crItIcal  accoUntIng  estIMates  anD  
JUDgeMents
in preparing the annual financial statements in terms of ifrs, the group’s 
management  is  required  to  make  certain  judgements,  estimates  and 
assumptions  that  may  materially  affect  reported  amounts  of  assets  and 
liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts 
of revenue and expense during the reported year and the related disclosures. 
the  estimates  and  judgements  are  based  on  historical  experience,  current 
and expected future economic conditions and other factors. actual results 
may differ from these estimates.

Judgements made by management
the  following  judgements,  apart  from  those  involving  estimates  (as 
mentioned  below)  have  been  made  by  management  in  the  process  of 
applying  the  group’s  accounting  policies  that  have  the  most  significant 
effect on the amounts recognised in the financial statements:
•	

in  determining 

provisions 

including 

the  present  obligation  of 
and 
decommissioning 

estimates  made 
environmental 
rehabilitation;

•	

•	

estimates  made  in  determining  the  recoverable  amount  of  assets 
where  there  is  an  indication  that  an  asset  may  be  impaired,  this 
includes the estimation of cash flows and the discount rates used;

estimates made in determining the life of the mines;  
the life of mine is determined from development plans based on 
mine management’s estimates and includes total mineral reserve and 
a portion of the mineral resource.  these plans are updated on an 
annual basis and take into consideration the actual current cost of 
extraction, as well as certain forward projects.

44

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

4. reVenUe

an analysis of the group’s revenue is as follows:

group

£

company

£

year ended 
30 June 2008

year ended 
30 June 2007

year ended 
30 June 2008

15 months 
ended 
30 June 2007

39,254,557

26,684,796

–

–

217,288

49,018

39,349

37,195

group

£

company

£

year ended 
30 June 2008

year ended 
30 June 2007

year ended 
30 June 2008

15 months 
ended 
30 June 2007

 (3,941,764)

 (4,189,422)

 (11,440,555) 

(9,444,599)

(4,135,470)

(2,718,663)

(3,662,348)

(3,378,598)

(1,983,538)

(1,892,256)

(25,163,675)  (21,623,538) 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

sale of goods

finance income

5. cost oF ProDUctIon

mining

salaries and wages

processing

engineering and technical

administration

6. segMental analysIs

Primary segment

for management purposes, the group is currently organised into two reporting divisions – exploration and gold mining.  these 
divisions are the basis on which the group reports its primary segment information.

revenue

Mining profit 

Depreciation

assets

liabilities

before depreciation

£

 % 

£

 % 

£

 % 

£

 % 

£

 % 

2008

exploration

–

–

–

–

–

–

35,146,917

gold mining

 39,254,557 

100% 13,984,605  100%

1,965,872

100%  28,269,703 

–

–

–

–

–

–

21,000,714

24%

44%

32%

–

–

 14,048,563  100%

–

–

goodwill

group

2007

exploration

 39,254,557 

100% 13,984,605  100%

1,965,872

100%  64,417,334 

100%

 14,048,563  100%

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

gold mining

 26,684,796 

100%  5,000,474  100%

1,865,997

100%  25,208,616 

100%

 12,414,013  100%

group

 26,684,796 

100%  5,000,474  100%

1,865,997

100%  25,208,616 

100%

 12,414,013

100%

45

  
consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

  6. segMental analysIs (contInUeD)

secondary segment

total sales by 
customer location

Depreciation

assets

liabilities

capital additions

£

%

£

%

£

%

£

%

£

%

2008

south africa

 39,254,557  100%  1,965,872  100%  28,269,703 

44%  13,533,982 

96%  2,751,735  91%

other*

goodwill

2007

south africa

other*

– 

–

–

–

–

–

–  15,146,917 

24%  514,581 

4%  279,924 

9%

– 21,000,714

32%

–

–

–

–

 39,254,557  100% 1,965,872  100%  64,417,334  100%  14,048,563  100%  3,031,659  100%

 26,684,796  100%  1,865,997  100%  25,208,616  100%  12,414,013  100%  1,552,258  100%

 –

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 26,684,796  100% 1,865,997

100%  25,208,616  100%  12,414,013  100%  1,552,258  100%

* Other includes all the Exploration locations.

7. oPeratIng leases

at the balance sheet date, the group had outstanding commitments under non-cancellable operating leases mainly in 
respect of office equipment, security cameras, building rentals and compressors, which fall due as follows:

group

£

company

£

year ended 
30 June 2008

year ended 
30 June 2007

year ended 
30 June 2008

15 months 
ended 
30 June 2007

Within one year

years 2 to 5

123,733

287,750

411,483

 111,857 

 348,718 

 460,575 

minimum lease payments under operating leases 
recognised as an expense in the year:

104,956

109,844

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

operating lease payments represent rentals payable by the group for certain of its office equipment and underground 
equipment.  leases are negotiated for an average term of three to five years.

46

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

8. other (exPenses)/IncoMe

dividends received - subsidiaries

foreign exchange loss

exploration costs

investments written off

dump retreatment rebate

sundry other

9. FInance IncoMe/(costs)

interest received - bank

interest paid - bank

10. ProFIt/(loss) For the PerIoD

profit/(loss) for the year has been arrived at after charging:

management fee

- metorex

- shanduka

share option expense

exploration expenditure

depreciation

impairment

staff costs

group

£

company

£

year ended 
30 June 2008

year ended 
30 June 2007

year ended 
30 June 2008

15 months 
ended 
30 June 2007

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 777,898 

 473,085 

(74,791)

–

–

–

–

–

 (75,009)

 (4,800)

–

 (273,786)

 25,663 

(412,785)

(1,283,151)

(273,786)

 803,561 

 (14,491)

(1,362,960)

group

£

company

£

year ended 
30 June 2008

year ended 
30 June 2007

year ended 
30 June 2008

15 months 
ended 
30 June 2007

 217,288 

 49,018 

 39,349 

 37,195 

 (17,006) 

 (35,893)

–

–

 200,282 

 13,125 

 39,349 

 37,195 

group

£

company

£

year ended 
30 June 2008

year ended 
30 June 2007

year ended 
30 June 2008

15 months 
ended 
30 June 2007

 348,924 

 343,161 

 50,819 

156,952

 47,934 

35,844

 22,274 

 183,962 

1,965,872

1,865,997

–

–

–

–

195,158

–

–

–

–

–

222,206

75,009

–

–

11,440,555

9,444,599

242,187

162,231

47

 
consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

11. aUDItors’ reMUneratIon

the analysis of auditors’ remuneration is as follows:

group

£

company

£

year ended 
30 June 2008

year ended 
30 June 2007

year ended 
30 June 2008

15 months 
ended 
30 June 2007

fees payable to the company’s auditors for the 
audit of the company’s annual accounts

10,000

21,750

10,000

10,000

fees payable to the company’s auditors and their 
associates for other services to the group

The audit of the consolidated financial statements

- the audit of the company’s subsidiaries pursuant 

to legislation

total audit fees

- corporate finance services relating to the report-

ing accounting work for the acquisition

total non audit fees

30,000

22,086

62,086

80,000

80,000

–

–

–

–

–

–

21,750

10,000

10,000

–

–

–

–

–

–

12. staFF costs

group

company

the average number of employees were:

corporate

mining 

exploration

their aggregate remuneration comprised:

Wages and salaries

social security costs

other pension costs

year ended 
30 June 2008

year ended 
30 June 2007

year ended 
30 June 2008

15 months 
ended 
30 June 2007

number

number

5

1,548

3

1,556

7

1,477

7

1,491

£

1

–

1

2

2

–

2

4

£

10,467,253

8,544,643

242,187

162,231

–

–

973,302

899,956

–

–

–

–

11,440,555

9,444,599

242,187

162,231

* all company staff costs have been allocated to the various exploration projects.

48

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

13. IncoMe tax exPense

group

£

company

£

year ended 
30 June 2008

year ended 
30 June 2007

year ended 
30 June 2008

15 months 
ended 
30 June 2007

south african normal taxation

 - current year 

 deferred taxation (see note 28)

 - current year 

 4,192,231 

 611,892 

 174,312 

 544,698 

total taxation charge - continuing operations 

 4,366,543 

 1,156,590 

–

–

– 

–

–

– 

profit/(loss) before taxation - continuing operations 

11,945,229

 3,951,164 

24,858

(1,325,765)

taxation at the domestic taxation rate of 28% 
(2007: 29%)  (uk 2008:  28.75%; 2007:29.75%)

non-deductible expenses 

taxation rate differentials on non-mining income 

(utilisation)/creation of tax losses 

 3,344,664 

 1,145,838 

7,174

(394,415)

 10,759 

 10,752 

 1,369,523 

 (358,403) 

 – 

 – 

–

–

–

–

(7,174)

394,415

taxation expense for the year 

 4,366,543 

 1,156,590 

unredeemed capital expenditure/assessable tax loss 
available and recognised in deferred taxation

–

 382,005 

– 

–

%

–

–

%

effective taxation rates

statutory rate

tax rate differentials on non-mining income

non-deductible expenses

utilisation/creation of tax losses

effective taxation rate

%

28.00%

11.47%

0.09%

(3.0%)

28.09%

%

29.00%

28.75%

29.75%

–

0.27%

–

–

–

–

–

(28.75%)

(29.75%)

29.27%

–

–

there are no significant unrecognised timing differences associated with undistributed profits of overseas subsidiaries.

south african mining tax on mining income is determined according to a formula which takes into account the profit 
and  revenue  from  mining  operations.  south  african  mining  taxable  income  is  determined  after  the  deduction  of  all 
mining capital expenditure, with the proviso that this cannot result in an assessed loss. capital expenditure amounts not 
deducted are carried forward as unredeemed capital expenditure to be deducted from future mining income.

14. earnIngs Per share

earnings per share (‘ePs’)

eps is based on the group’s net profit for the year attributable to equity holders of the parent, divided by the weighted 
average number of shares in issue during the year.

from continuing operations

basic eps

share options

diluted eps

2008

Weighted 
average 
number of 
shares

net profit

2007

Weighted 
average 
number of 
shares

earnings 
per share

(pence)

earnings 
per share net profit

(pence)

 5,460,067   1,043,789,285 

 0.52  2,067,985

593,740,476

 0.35 

– 

 30,000,000 

 (0.01) 

–

–

–

 5,460,067   1,073,789,285 

 0.51   2,067,985  593,740,476

 0.35 

49

 
  
consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

14. earnIngs Per share (contInUeD)

headline earnings per share

headline earnings per share is based on the group’s headline earnings divided by the weighted average number of 
shares in issue during the year.

reconciliation between earnings and headline earnings from continuing operations

2008

net profit

shares

earnings 
per share net profit

(pence)

2007

shares

earnings 
per share

(pence)

headline earnings per share

 5,460,067   1,043,789,285 

 0.52   2,067,985 

 593,740,476 

 0.35 

share options

– 

 30,000,000 

(0.01)

–

– 

–

diluted headline earnings per share

 5,460,067   1,073,789,285 

 0.51   2,067,985 

 593,740,476 

 0.35 

headline earnings per share is required to be disclosed in terms of the listing requirements of the Jse limited.  no 
reconciliation is performed as earnings per share is the same as headline earnings per share.

15. DIVIDenDs

in view of the funding requirements of the new projects and the exploration projects, no dividend is declared for the 12 
months ended 30 June 2008 (2007 - nil).

16. ProPerty, Plant anD eQUIPMent

groUP

cost

land * Mineral 

rights

Building and 
Infrastructure

Plant and 
Machinery

shafts

exploration other

total

at 1 July 2006

 8,034 

5,445,913

1,534,009

7,632,623

13,583,183

additions

disposals

foreign currency translation 

 – 

–

–

–

–

–

 776,444 

802,745

 (30,487) 

–

reserve

(600)

(407,045)

(114,656)

(592,191)

(1,029,051)

Balance at 30 June 2007

 7,434 

 5,038,868 

1,419,134

 7,786,389 

 13,357,096 

–

 – 

–

–

 – 

 – 

28,203,762

–

–

–

–

1,579,189

(30,487) 

(2,143,543)

27,608,921

additions

–

–

–

 794,283 

 1,687,964 

 269,488 

 279,924 

 3,031,659 

foreign currency translation 

reserve

(659) 

 (446,941) 

 (125,676) 

 (690,642) 

 (1,184,755) 

 – 

–

(2,448,673)

Balance at 30 June 2008

 6,775 

 4,591,927 

 1,293,458 

 7,890,030 

 13,860,305 

 269,488 

 279,924 

 28,191,907 

50

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

16. ProPerty, Plant anD eQUIPMent (contInUeD)

accUMUlateD DePrecIatIon

land * Mineral 

rights

Building and 
Infrastructure

Plant and 
Machinery

shafts

exploration other

total

at 1 July 2006

(1,094,576)

(306,539)

(1,471,705)

(2,552,855)

charge for the year

 – 

 (334,994) 

 (94,500)

(556,102)

 (880,401)

foreign currency translation 

reserve

Balance at 30 June 2007

charge for the year

foreign currency translation 

reserve

–

– 

– 

–

75,636

21,182

141,029

176,406

(1,353,934) 

 (379,857) 

 (1,886,778) 

 (3,256,850) 

(323,994) 

 (91,280) 

 (581,804 )

(968,794)

 138,806 

 38,855 

 200,259 

343,278

Balance at 30 June 2008

 –  (1,539,122) 

 (432,282) 

(2,268,323)

 (3,882,366)

– 

– 

–

– 

–

– 

– 

–

–

– 

– 

(5,425,675)

(1,865,997)

414,253

(6,877,419) 

(1,965,872)

 721,198 

–

 (8,122,093) 

carryIng aMoUnt

at 30 June 2007

at 30 June 2008

coMPany

cost

Balance at 30 June 
2007

additions

Balance at 30 June 
2008

accUMUlateD 
DePrecIatIon

Balance at 30 June 
2007

Balance at 30 June 
2008

carryIng aMoUnt

at 30 June 2007

at 30 June 2008

 7,434 

 3,684,934 

 1,039,496 

 5,899,611   10,100,246 

 –

–  20,731,502 

 6,775   3,052,805 

 861,176 

 5,621,707 

 9,977,939 

 269,488 

 279,924  20,069,814 

land

Mineral 
rights

Building and 
Infrastructure

Plant and 
Machinery

shafts

exploration other

total

– 

 – 

 –

 –

 – 

 – 

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

– 

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 21,670 

 21,670 

 21,670 

 21,670 

–

–

–

–

–

–

 21,670 

 21,670 

* details of land are maintained in a register at the company’s registered office, which may be insepected by a 

member or their duly authorised agents.

   the group reviews the residual values used for purposes of depreciation calculations annually.

51

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

17. IntangIBle asset other than gooDWIll

exploration

balance at 1 July 2007

acquired (note 34)

additions

exploration expenditure

purchase of 20% of manica

balance at 30 June 2008

18. gooDWIll

group

£

company

£

2008

2007

2008

2007

–

6,588,340

–

2,652,270

3,596,435

 12,837,045 

–

 – 

– 

–

–

–

goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated at acquisition to the cash-generating units (cgus) that are 
expected to benefit from that business combination.  goodwill is allocated as follows:

arising on reverse acquisition of barberton 
mines (note 34)

balance at 1 July 2007

additonal amount recognised from business 
combination of barberton mines 

Balance at 30 June 2008

group

£

company

£

2008

2007

2008

2007

 21,000,714 

 21,000,714 

-

 21,000,714 

 21,000,714 

-

 - 

-

 - 

 - 

-

 - 

-

-

 - 

–

–

–

-

 - 

-

-

 - 

the group tests goodwill annually for impairment, or more frequently if there are indications that goodwill might be 
impaired.

the recoverable amounts of the cgus are determined from value-in-use calculations.  the key assumptions for the 
value-in-use calculations are those regarding the discount rates, growth rates and expected changes to selling prices and 
direct costs during the period.  management estimates discount rates using pre-tax rates that reflect current market 
assessments of the time value of money and the risks specific to the cgus.  the growth rates are based on industry 
growth forecasts.  changes in selling prices and direct costs are based on past practices and expectations of future 
changes in the market (refer to note 34).

the group prepares cash-flow forecasts derived from the most recent financial budgets approved by management for 
the next five years and extrapolates cash flows for the following five years based on an estimated growth rate.  this rate 
does not exceed the average long-term growth rate for the relevant markets.

52

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

19. InVestMents

investments 

company

£

2008

2007

34,223,594

3,069,705

 34,223,594 

3,069,705 

at 30 June 2008 the company held the following shares in subsidiary undertakings:

country of 
Incorporation

south africa

Principal 
activity

mining

Proportion of 
capital held 
by country

carrying 
amount

74% 31,010,450

name of Undertaking

barberton mines (pty) ltd

or oubangui sa

explorator limitada

central african republic exploration

mozambique

exploration

exploration

par-african resources (ghana) limited

ghana

mistral resource development corporation 
limited

brampton capital overseas limited

viking internet limited

british virgin isles

british virgin isles

exploration

exploration

england and Wales

dormant

50%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

30,827

88,972

23,640

584,704

2,485,000

1

metorex limited is the ultimate controlling company of par.  the metorex group is the only group of which par is a 
member.  metorex is listed and incorporated in south africa and their financial statements are publicly available.

20. rehaBIlItatIon trUst FUnD

group

£

funds held in trust fund (refer to note 27)

2008

2007

2008

 1,739,522 

 1,743,648 

 1,739,522 

 1,743,648 

company

2007

£

 - 

 - 

company

2007

£

-

 - 

group

£

2008

2007

2008

 377,974 

 377,974 

 125,498 

 125,498 

21. InVentorIes

consumable stores

-

 - 

-

 - 

53

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

22. traDe anD other receIVaBles

trade receivables

other receivables and prepayments

amounts owed by subsidiaries

group

£

company

£

2008

2007

2008

2007

 2,630,863 

 1,123,664 

 310,193

–

 341,913 

 1,061,888 

–

–

–

–

292,159

3,348,487

 2,972,776 

 2,185,552 

 310,193

3,640,646

there are no amounts owing that are past due and not impaired.  the average credit period is 18 days (2007: 15 days).  
no interest is charged on trade receivables.

before  accepting  any  new  customers,  the  group  uses  a  credit  bureau  or  performs  a  credit  assessment  to  assess  the 
potential customers’ credit limit and credit quality.

the fair value of trade receivables is not materially different from the carrying value presented.   no receivables have 
been pledged as security.

23. cash anD cash eQUIValents

cash and cash equivalents comprise cash held by the group and short-term bank deposits with an original maturity of 
three months or less.  the carrying amount of these assets approximates their fair value

cash and cash equivalents

credit facilities

group

£

company

£

2008

2007

2008

2007

 5,419,489 

 422,416 

 1,455,587 

 326,797

the group has the following credit facilities at 30 June 2008:

overdraft facility

asset finance facility

guarantee

credit card

 2,570,694 

 106,091 

 192,802 

 8,676 

 564,181 

 437,240 

-

-

 2,878,263 

 1,001,421 

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

the overdraft facility is unsecured and the asset finance facility is secured.

54

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

24. stateMent oF changes In eQUIty

groUP

share 

share 

Preference 

hedging and 

retained 

share option 

Merger 

Minority 

total

capital

Premium 

share 

translation 

earnings

reserve

reserve

Interest

account

capital and 

reserve

premium

Balance at 1 July 2006

 4,180,032  4,076,769  8,422,793  (3,741,411)   2,895,683 

 92,516 

(6,189,702)

 1,017,403 

10,754,0823

issue of shares

acquisition of par

redemption of shares

current year movement

profit for the year

dividends (pre-acquisiton)

share-based payment - 

charge for the year

–

–

–

 –

 –   

 –   

–

–

–

–

–

–  (2,844,618) 

–

–

–

 2,700,177 

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–  2,067,985 

–  (477,714) 

–

–

 35,844 

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–  (2,844,618) 

–

 2,700,177 

 726,589 

 2,794,574 

 (167,742) 

 (645,456) 

–

 35,844 

Balance at 30 June 2007

 4,180,032  4,076,769  5,578,175  (1,041,234)   4,485,954 

 128,360 

(6,189,702)

 1,576,250  12,794,604 

issue of shares

6,818,632 33,190,706

–

redemption of shares

current year movement

profit for the year

share-based payment - 

charge for the year

current year merger reserve 

 –

 – 

 – 

– 

– 

– (5,578,175) 

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 (77,028) 

–

–

–

–  5,460,067 

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 156,952 

–

–

–

–

–

– 40,009,338

– (5,578,175) 

–

(77,028) 

 2,118,619 

 7,578,686 

–

 156,952 

–

(4,515,606)

–  (4,515,606) 

Balance at 30 June 2008

10,998,664  37,267,475

–  (1,118,262)   9,946,021 

 285,312  (10,705,308) 

 3,694,869   50,368,771 

coMPany

share 

share 

Preference 

hedging 

retained 

share option 

Merger 

total

capital

Premium 

share 

and 

earnings

reserve

reserve

account

capital and 

translation 

premium

reserve

Balance at 1 april 2006

 4,077,532 

 3,978,178 

issue of shares

loss for the year

share-based payment - 

charge for the year

 102,500 

 98,591 

 –   

–

–

–

Balance at 30 June 2007

 4,180,032 

 4,076,769 

issue of shares

profit for the year

share-based payment - 

charge for the year

 6,818,632   33,190,706 

–

–

–

–

Balance at 30 June 2008

 10,998,664   37,267,475 

 –

–   

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

– (2,772,366) 

 73,956 

 1,485,000 

 6,842,300 

–   

–

– (1,325,765) 

–

–

 201,091 

 (1,325,765) 

–

–

 222,206 

 75,000 

 297,206 

–  (4,098,131) 

 296,162 

 1,560,000 

 6,014,832 

–

–

–

–

 24,858 

–

–

–

 195,158 

 –   40,009,338 

–

–

 24,858 

 195,158 

– (4,073,273) 

 491,320 

 1,560,000   46,244,186 

55

 
consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

25. share caPItal

authorised

2,000,000,000 (2007: 1,000,000,000) ordinary 
shares of £0.01 each
Issued and fully paid up 1,099,866,438 (2007: 
418,003,235) ordinary shares of £0.01 each

group

£

company

£

2008

2007

2008

2007

20,000,000

10,000,000

20,000,000

10,000,000

10,998,664  

4,180,032

 10,998,664 

 4,180,032 

the following issue of shares were made during the year:

a) 28,122,727 ordinary shares were issued at 2.79p per share under the terms of the share option agreement

b) 60,000,000 ordinary shares were issued at 6p on 27 July 2007 for a 20% share in Manica purchased from Pangea 
Exploration (Pty) Ltd

c) 593,740,476 ordinary shares were issued at 6p in 31 July 2007 in terms of the reverse acquisition of Barberton Mines 
(Pty) Ltd

26. BorroWIngs

amount due within 12 months

amount due for settlement after 12 months

total borrowings

group

£

company

£

2008

2007

2008

2007

 89,269 

16,822

106,091

170,017

115,665

285,682

– 

 – 

–

–

–
–

borrowings represent instalment finance loans and are secured by plant and equipment with a net book value of     
£249, 786 and bear interest at south african prime less 1.5% and are repayable in periods that vary from 5 to 16 
months. 

27. ProVIsIons

groUP

balance at 1 July 2006

provided during the year

utilised during the year
Balance at 30 June 2007

provided during the year

utilised during the year

foreign currency translation reserve
Balance at 30 June 2008

long term provisions

current provisions

56

Post-
retirement 
Benefits

rehabilitation

leave pay and 
bonuses

total

 164,663 

 2,018,676 

 645,950 

 2,829,289 

–   

 117,200 

 229,350 

 346,550 

 (16,397) 
 148,266 

–   
 2,135,876

 (163,397) 
 711,903 

 (179,794) 
 2,996,045 

–   

 205,822 

 229,352 

 435,174 

 (13,307) 

(11,969)
 122,990 

(62,968) 

(163,398) 

 (239,673) 

(181,766)
2,096,964

 (66,772) 
 711,085 

(260,507)
2,931,039

122,990

2,096,964

–

2,219,954

–

–

711,085

711,085

122,990

2,096,964

711,085

2,931,039

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

27. ProVIsIons (contInUeD)

coMPany

there are no provisions in the company.

Post retirement benefits - refer to note 30

rehabilitation trust fund

the group is exposed to environmental liabilities relating to its mining operations.  estimates of the cost of 
environmental and other remedial work such as reclamation costs, close down and restoration and pollution control 
are made on an annual basis, based on the estimated life of the mine, following which payments are made to a 
rehabilitation trust set up as required by the minerals act and regulations.  this represents the net present value of the 
best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the obligation to rehabilitate environmental disturbances caused by 
mining operations.  these costs are expected to be incurred over a period in excess of 20 years.

leave pay

the provision for leave pay is provided for, based on the total cost of employment of employees and the amount of 
leave days owing to them.

28. DeFerreD tax

Deferred tax liabilities

property, plant and equipment

provisions

net deferred tax liabilities

group

£

company

£

2008

2007

2008

2007

 5,541,169 

 5,903,155 

 (339,924) 

 (376,182)

 5,201,245 

 5,526,973 

–

–

 – 

–

–

– 

group

£

2008

2007

company

£

2008

2007

reconciliation of deferred tax liabilities

net deferred tax liabilities at the beginning of the year

 5,526,973 

 4,991,104 

deferred tax charge for the year

translation difference
net deferred tax liabilities at end of the 
year

174,312

 (500,040)

544,698

(8,829) 

 5,201,245 

 5,526,973 

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

57

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

29.

FInancIal InstrUMents

the group manages its capital to ensure that the group will be able to continue as a going concern while maximising 
the return to stakeholders through the optimisation of the debt and equity balances.  the group's overall strategy 
remains unchanged from 2007.

group

£

company

£

2008

2007

2008

2007

 106,091 

 285,682 

–

–

 (5,419,489) 

 (422,416) 

(1,455,587)

(326,979)

 (5,313,398) 

(136,733) 

(1,455,587)

(326,979)

 50,368,771 

 12,794,603 

46,244,186

6,014,832

(11%)

(1%)

(3%)

(5%)

5,419,489

422,416

1,455,587

326,797

2,972,776

2,185,552

310,193

3,640,646

–   

–

–

–

2,860,886

2,212,626

37,110

1,022,306

–   

 1,092,232 

–

–

capital risk Management

interest-bearing debt

cash and cash equivalents

net interest-bearing debt

equity

net debt to equity ratio (%)

categories of Financial Instruments

Financial assets

cash and cash equivalents

receivables

derivative instruments
Financial liabilities

amortised cost

derivative instruments

Financial risk Management objectives

the group seeks to minimise the effects of these risks by using derivative financial instruments to hedge risk exposures 
where appropriate.  the use of financial derivatives is governed by the group’s policies approved by the board of 
directors, which provide written principles on foreign exchange risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, the use of financial 
derivatives and non-derivative financial instruments, and the investment of excess liquidity.  compliance with the 
policies and exposure limits is reviewed  on a continuous basis.  the group does not enter into or trade financial 
instruments, including derivative financial instruments, for speculative use.

credit risk

credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial loss to 
the group.  the group has adopted a policy of only dealing with creditworthy counterparties and obtaining sufficient 
collateral, where appropriate, as means of mitigating the risk.

the group's credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables.  the amounts presented in the balance sheet 
are net of allowances for doubtful receivables of £267 (2007:£nil), estimated by the group's management based on 
the current economic environment. the credit risk on liquid funds is limited because the counterparties are dealt with 
in accordance with the group’s credit policy.  the group has no amounts from major customers that represent more 
than 5% of the trade receivables balance for the individual companies.

the group does not have any significant credit risk exposure to any single counterparty or any group of counterparties 
having similar characteristics.  the group defines counterparties as having similar characteristics if they are related 
entities.

58

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

29.

FInancIal InstrUMents (continued)

Market risk

the group’s activities expose it primarily to the financial risks of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and 
the gold price.  Where appropriate, the group enters into a variety of derivative financial instruments to manage its 
exposure to foreign currency risk and the commodity price risk.  market risk exposures are measured using sensitivity 
analysis.  

Foreign currency and commodity price risk

the group undertakes certain transactions in foreign currencies.  hence, exposures to exchange rate fluctuation arise.  
exchange rate exposures are managed within approved policy parameters.

the group may enter into forward contracts to hedge their exposure to fluctuations in gold prices and exchange rates 
on specific transactions.  the contracts are matched with anticipated future cash flows from gold sales.

currency risk

currency

pound sterling / rand

Foreign currency sensitivity

closing rate average rate

15.56

14.68

Impact of 
10% currency 
movement on 
profit/loss

696,188

the pounds sterling carrying amount of the group's foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities at 
balance sheet date is as follows:

2008

assets

liabilities

2007

assets

liabilities

Denominated 
in south 
african 
rand
£

£

total

6,129,852

2,262,413

8,392,265

2,321,740

433,055

2,754,795

2,607,968

1,926,944

–

–

2,607,968

1,926,944

Fair value of financial instruments

gains and losses on instruments for hedging are not recognised until the exposure that is being hedged is itself 
recognised.  

commodity hedges - on balance sheet

group and company

unrecognised gains and losses on instruments used for hedging at year end are:

59

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

29.

FInancIal InstrUMents (continued)

2008

gold

2007

gold

Maturity

Volume

ave forward 
rate

Fair value loss 

–

–

–

–

6 months

333 kg

r102 245 / kg

 1,092,244 

Interest rate and liquidity risk

fluctuations in the interest rates impact on the value of short-term investment and financing activities, giving rise to 
interest rate risk.

in the ordinary course of business, the group receives cash proceeds from its operations and is required to fund 
working capital and capital expenditure requirements.  the cash is managed to ensure that surplus funds are invested 
to maximise returns whilst ensuring that capital is safeguarded to the maximum extent by only investing with 
reputable financial institutions.

contractual arrangements for committed borrowing facilities are maintained with several banking counterparties to 
meet the group’s normal and contingent funding.

Interest rate risk

the group is exposed to interest rate risk as entities within the group borrow funds at both fixed and floating interest 
rates.

Interest rate sensitivity

based on the minor long term liability balances on the balance sheet, an interest rate sensitivity is not performed as the 
interest rate exposure to the group is minimal.

liquidity risk

ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the board of directors, which has built an appropriate 
liquidity risk management framework for the management of the group's short term funding and liquidity 
management requirements.  the group manages liquidity risk by maintaining adequate reserves, banking facilities and 
reserve borrowings facilities by continually monitoring forecast and actual cash flows and matching maturity profiles 
of financial assets and liabilities.

the group has access to financing facilities, of which the total unused portion is £2.9 million (2007: £1.0 million) 
(refer to note 23).  the group expects to meets its other obligations from operating cash flows and proceeds of 
maturing financial assets.

liquidity risk analysis
the following table indicates the group's remaining contractual maturity from its financial liabilities:

Weighted 
average 
interest rate %

less than 12 
months

1 - 5 years

total

groUP

2008

trade payables

long term liabilities

short term liabilities

60

–

2,754,795

–

2,754,795

14%

14%

–

 16,822 

89,269

–

 16,822 

89,269

 
consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

29.

FInancIal InstrUMents (continued)

2007

trade payables

long term liabilities

short term liabilities

coMPany

2008

trade payables

2007

trade payables

Weighted 
average 
interest rate %

less than 12 
months

1 - 5 years

total

–

1,926,944

–

14%

14%

–

 115,665 

 170,017 

–

1,926,944

 115,665 

 170,017 

Weighted 
average 
interest rate %

less than 12 
months

total

–

 433,050 

 433,050 

–

 1,026,493 

 1,026,493 

Fair value of financial instruments

the directors consider that the carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities recorded approximate their fair 
values.  

30. Post retIreMent BeneFIt InForMatIon

all full time employees are required to be members of either the barberton retirement fund, metorex pension 
fund, sentinel retirement fund or mine Workers provident fund.  these are defined contribution funds are 
registered under and governed by the pension act, 1956 as amended.  the assets of the scheme are held separately 
from those of the company in funds and they are in the control of the trustees.

the total costs charged to the income statement of £655,381 represent employer contributions payable to the 
schemes by the company at rates specified in the rules of the scheme.

the calculation of the provision for post retirement medical benefits is performed internally by management using 
the south african revenue services life expectancy tables as the benefits payable are a fixed amount per pensioner.

61

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

31. coMMItMents, contIngent lIaBIlItIes anD gUarantees

groUP

commitments

the group had outstanding open orders on open votes contracted for at year-end of  £139,147 (2007: £49,950).

contingent liabilities

the group had a contingent liability of £nil (2007: £9,068) for repairs carried out by the patcon sales (proprietary) 
limited under guarantees.

guarantees

the group had guarantees of  £192,802 (2007:£215 054)  favourable to eskom, and £1,285  (2007: £nil) 
favourable to the department of mineral affairs at year end.

coMPany

there were no commitments, contingent liabilities and guarantees for the company for the year ended 30 June 
2008 (2007: £nil)

32. DIrectors’ eMolUMents

executive directors

emoluments

company contributions

share options

total

non-executive directors

emoluments

total

total remuneration

Individual directors' 
emoluments

executive
mr k c spencer * ◊
mr J nelson
mr n steinberg †
mr m smith * ◊
total

2008

 £

2007

 £

88,715

–

510,000

598,715

38,750

38,750

637,465

74,571

–
‡87,636

162,207

30,000

30,000

192,207

share 
option 
profit

 £

Basic  
salary

Bonuses

 £

 £

share 
option 
expense

£

company 
contributions

2008 
total

2007 
total

 £

 £

 £

–

–

–

510,000

78,000

10,715

–

–

–

–

–

–

510,000   

78,000

10,715

–

–

–

–

–

–   

–

88,715

162,207

–   

–   

–

–

88,715 

162,207

‡  for the 15 months ended 30 June 2007.
* mr k c spencer and mr m smith were appointed during the current year.
◊ mr k c spencer, mr m smith, mr a s malone and mr c d s needham are directors of metorex limited, 

therefore no remuneration is paid to them directly.  a management fee is charged to par by metorex limited.  
refer to the metorex limited annual report for 30 June 2008 for detail on their remuneration.

† mr n steinberg resigned during the year.  nathan steinberg is a partner in munslows, a firm of chartered 

certified accountants.  that firm charged fees of £30,000 (2007: £17,625).

62

 
consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

32. DIrectors’ eMolUMents (contInUeD)

non-executive Directors
non-executive directors consist of  mr r g still, dr h blignault, mr a s malone ◊, mr c d s needham ◊ and mr 
J hopwood.  

dr h blignault and mr n a steinberg resigned during the current year.  non-executive directors are entitled to 
£15,000 (2007:£13,750) per annum for services rendered.

2008 share options

mr k c spencer

mr J nelson

mr n steinberg

mr r g still

dr h blignault

mr J hopwood

mr a s malone

mr c d s needham

mr m smith
total

total  
options  
1 July 2007

options 
granted

options 
exercised

 –   

3,000,000 

–

 18,000,000 

 5,200,000 

 4,000,000 

–

–

–   

–   

–  (12,000,000)*

–   

–

 –   

1,000,000

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

 –   

–
 27,200,000  4,000,000 

–
 (12,000,000) 

* the market price at date of exercise was 6p (9,000,000) and 7p (3,000,000)

2007 share options

mr k c spencer

mr J nelson

mr n steinberg

mr r g still

dr h blignault

mr a s malone

mr c d s needham

total

total  
options  
1 July 2006

–

18,000,000

5,200,000

4,000,000

5,000,000

–

–

32,200,000

options 
granted

options 
exercised

–

–

–

–

(5,000,000)

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

–

average 
option  
price  
(pence)

6.2

2.0

2.8

2.5

–

6.2

–

–

–

average 
option  
price  
cents

–

2.0

2.8

2.5

2.0

–

–

total  
options  
30 June  
2008

 3,000,000 

 6,000,000 

 5,200,000 

 4,000,000 

–

1,000,000

–

–

–
19,200,000 

total  
options  
30 June  
2007

–

18,000,000

5,200,000

4,000,000

–

–

–

(5,000,000)

27,200,000

Directors’ interests in shares

as at 30 June 2008, none of the directors held any shares in the capital of pan african, other than mr a s malone, 
who held 1,289,230 ordinary shares (2007: nil).  there have been no changes to these holdings since the year end.
substantial shareholdings

pan african is aware of the following substantial interests in the group’s issued share capital as at 31 october 2008:
Percentage of 
issued share 
capital

number of 
ordinary 
shares

metorex ltd

brait s.a.

pangea exploration (pty) 
ltd

bmo nesbitt burns

sunvest corporation ltd

593,740,476

69,326,975

45,601,534

34,300,000

33,200,000

53.95%

6.30%

4.14%

3.12%

3.02%

63

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

33. share BaseD oPtIons

on 1 september 2005, the company established a share option programme that entitles all employees, officers, 
directors and qualifying consultants and its subsidiaries to purchase shares in the company.  in accordance with 
these programmes, options are exercisable at the market price of the shares at the date of the grant.  directors 
determine to whom options are granted.

the exercise of options granted to senior employees is at the approval of the board having regard to the grantee’s 
fulfillment of obligations to the group, achievement of targets and conduct of duties.  in the event of the grantee’s 
ceasing to hold employment or office, the options will lapse unless exercised within 30 days. options may be 
exercised over a period of 3 years, calculated from the first anniversary of teh date of granting the option and in 3 
equal tranches, subject to the directors discretion.  a maximum of 12.25% of the authorised share capital of par 
are available under the scheme.

the number and weighted average exercise price of share options is as follows:

30 June 2008

30 June 2007

Weighted 
average exercise 
price

number of 
options

Weighted 
average exercise 
price

number of options

outstanding at 1 July

granted during the period

exercised during the period

lapsed in period

outstanding and exercisable at 30 
June

3.40p

6.50p

2.70p

nil

57,822,727

17,122,273

(26,500,000)

(1,500,000)

4.70p

46,945,000

3.15p

5.50p

4.00p

nil

3.40p

54,000,000

7,000,000

(1,677,273)

(1,500,000)

57,822,727

the fair value of services received for share options granted is based on the fair value of share options granted, 
measured using a black scholes model, with the following inputs:

options granted during the year

number of 
option

option price
£

Fair Value

16 august 2007

2 June 2008
total

share price

exercise price

expected volatility

expected life

risk-free interest rate

6,500,000

10,622,273
17,122,273

0.065

0.062
–

2008

0.062

0.070

72.39%

1-3 years

5.31%

422,500

658,581
1,081,081

2007

3.5

3.75

71.98%

3-4 years

4.0%

the group does not expect to pay any dividends during the contractual life of the share options.

the volatility of the group’s share price on each date of grant was calculated as the average of volatilities of share 
prices of the group on the corresponding dates.  the volatility of share price of the group was calculated as 
the average of annualised standard deviations of daily continuously compounded returns on the group’s stock, 
calculated over 1,2 and 3 years back from the date of grant.  therefore, volatility of the group’s share prices was 
calculated over the period commensurate with the expected life of the options under consideration, giving more 
weight to more recent historical data to account for volatility persistance.

there are no market conditions attached to the exercise of the share options.

the group recognised total expenses of £156,952 (2007: £35,844) related to equity settled share-based payment 
transactions

64

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

34. acQUIsItIons

effective 27 July 2007, the company acquired 74% of barberton mines (pty) ltd, for £35.6 million satisfied by 
the issue of 593,740,476 new shares at 6p per share.  the transaction constituted a reverse takover in terms of ifrs 
3: business combinations.  accordingly, barberton has been treated for accounting purposes as acquiring pan 
african, the current year results incorporate a full year of barberton and 11 months of pan african and prior year 
comparatives represent the results of barberton for 12 months prior to the transaction.  ifrs 3 also requires the cost 
of the transaction to represent  the fair value of pan african immediately prior to the deal being £25.7 million.  the 
fair value of the acquired net assets of pan african amounted to £5.9 million at acquisition, which gave rise to the 
recognition of goodwill amounting to £19.8 million, which is to be tested for impairment on an annual basis against 
the net asset value of the new pan african group.  in addition, transaction costs of £1.2 million formed part of the 
cost of acquisition and allocated to goodwill.

the net loss from pan african since the date of acquisition was £1.9 million. 

2008

 commodity 

 Date of 
acquisition 

 Porportion of 
share acquired 

 cost of 
acquisition 

barberton mines (pty) ltd

 gold 

31 July 2007

74%

35,624,429

the major classes of assets and liabilities are as follows:

non current assets *

current assets

total assets

non current liabilities

current liabilities

total liabilities
net assets

cost of acquisition

fair value of par

transaction costs

total value of par

net asset value (as above)

goodwill arising on acquisition

Impact of the acquisition on the results of the group

6,588,340

520,529

7,108,869

-

1,242,108

1,242,108
5,866,761

25,707,197

1,160,278

26,867,475

(5,866,761)
21,000,714

barberton mines contributed £7,553,828 since acquisition, to the profit of the group for the current year.

* no fair value uplift has been allocated to the resources of manica or the group’s other exploration projects as 
none of these projects have proven and probable reserves assigned to them for the reasons outline on page 21.  
consequently there is a wide range of uncertainty as to these projects’ underlying fair values at the date of transac-
tion and it has been concluded that the most reliable estimate is the historic costs incurred on each project.  no 
other intangible assets arose in connection with the transaction and accordingly all excess purchase consideration 
arising has been allocated to goodwill as detailed in note 18.

65

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

35. relateD PartIes

the company entered into the follwoing transactions and held year end balances with related parties:

pref dividends received from barberton
loans to subsidiaries

barberton

mistral resources

or oubangui

par-african (ghana)

Income statement

Balance sheet

2008

£

2007

£

2008

£

2007

£

(473,085)

–

–

–

91,170

8,102,311

1,616,887

transactions between the group and other related parties are disclosed below:

mr r g still is a director of pangea exploration (pty) ltd which is owned as to 33% by a trust connected with his 
family.  the exploration expense of £22,274 was made on behalf of pan african by pangea exploration, in respect 
of the manica project in accordance dated 19 november 2003.  the group has reimbursed pangea exploration and 
the transaction was at arms length.

during the year, 60,000,000 ordinary shares were issued at 6p for a 20% share in, purchased from pangea 
exploration (pty) ltd of which mr r g still is a director

the remuneration of the directors who are the only key management personnel of the group is shown in note 
32 - directors’ emoluments.

36. Post Balance sheet eVents

there are no significant subsequent events between 30 June 2008 and the date of this report.

66

consolIDateD anD coMPany notes to the 
FInancIal stateMents For the year enDeD 30 JUne 2008

37. reconcIlIatIon oF ProFIt/(loss) BeFore taxatIon to cash generateD By/(UtIlIseD 

In) oPeratIons

group

£

company

£

year ended 
30 June 2008

year ended 
30 June 2007

year ended 
30 June 2008

15 months 
ended 
30 June 2007

profit/(loss) before taxation 

11,945,229

3,951,164

24,858

(1,325,765)

adjusted for:

dividends received

investments written off

exploration costs written off

share options costs

net finance income

depreciation

operating profit/(loss) before working capital 
changes

Working capital changes

(increase)/decrease in inventories

(increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables

(decrease)/increase in trade and other payables 
and provisions

non cash items
cash generated by/(utilised in) operations

income taxes paid

net finance income

1,925,622

1,903,168

–

–

156,952

– 

–

13,164

37,133

(200,282)

(13,125)

1,968,952

1,865,997

(317,276)

(473,085)

–

–

195,158

(39,349)

–

264,820

4,800

75,009

 222,206 

(37,195)

–

13,870,851

5,854,332

(292,418)

(1,060,945)

(1,108,630)

(122,733)

2,345,247

641,829

(252,476)

(787,224)

(504,104)

435,174

 11,424 

–

–

(228,132)

3,330,453

(1,367,016)

 95,964 

(985,206)

641,829

–

–

–

12,762,221

5,731,600

2,052,829

(419,116)

(1,722,974)

(16,703)

–

–

200,282

13,125

39,349

37,195

net cash from/(used in) operating activities

11,239,529

5,728,021

2,092,178

(381,921)

38. transItIon to IFrs

the group’s financial statements for the year ended 30 June 2008 have been prepared as a combination of barberton 
due to the reverse takeover during the period.  barberton has historically prepared financial statements under ifrs 
and so no adjustments are required to the group accounts.  the company only accounts have been prepared under 
ifrs for the first time for the year ended 30 June 2008.  the adoption of ifrs has not required any adjustments to 
the financial statements for the previous year prepared under uk gaap.

67

notIce oF annUal general  MeetIng

notice is hereby given that the ninth annual general meeting of pan african resources plc will be held at the offices of fasken 
martineau llp, fourth floor, 17 hanover square, london W1s 1hu on monday, 22 december 2008 at 12h00 (all times stated are 
united kingdom times unless otherwise stated) to consider and, if thought fit, transact the following business:

orDInary BUsIness

1.	

2.	

3.	

4.	

5.	

6.	

to  receive  and  adopt  the  directors’  report,  the  audited 
statement of accounts and auditors’ report for the year 
ended 30 June 2008.
to re-elect mr r g still as a director of the company who 
retires by rotation pursuant to the articles of association 
of the company.
to re-elect mr c d s needham as a director, who retires 
by rotation pursuant to the articles of association of the 
company.
to  re-elect  mr  J  g  hopwood  as  a  director,  who  was 
appointed during the period.
to re-elect mr m smith as a director, who was appointed 
during the period.
to  appoint  deloitte  &  touche  llp  as  auditors  of  the 
company  and  to  authorise  the  directors  to  determine 
their remuneration.

sPecIal BUsIness
as  special  business,  to  consider  and  if  thought  fit,  to  pass  the 
following  resolutions  of  which  resolution  7  will  be  proposed 
as an ordinary resolution and resolutions 8, 9 and 10 will be 
proposed as special resolutions:

7.	

that  the  directors  be  and  are  hereby  generally  and 
unconditionally  authorised  pursuant  to  section  80  of  the 
companies  act  1985  (‘the  act’),  in  substitution  for  all 
previous powers granted to them, to exercise all the powers 
of the company to allot and make offers to allot relevant 
securities (within the meaning of section 80(2) of the act) 
up  to  an  aggregate  nominal  amount  of  £8,994,108.38; 
such authority shall, unless previously revoked or varied by 
the company in general meeting, expire on the conclusion 
of the next annual general meeting of the company or on 
31 december 2009, whichever is the earlier, provided that 
the  company  may,  at  any  time  before  such  expiry,  make 
an offer or enter into an agreement which would or might 
require  relevant  securities  to  be  allotted  after  such  expiry 

and the directors may allot relevant securities pursuant to 
any  such  offer  or  agreement  as  if  the  authority  conferred 
hereby had not expired.

8.	

that  the  directors  be  and  they  are  hereby  empowered 
pursuant  to  section  95  of  the  companies  act  1985  (the 
“act”),  in  substitution  for  all  previous  powers  granted 
thereunder,  to  allot  equity  securities  (within  the  meaning 
of section 94 of the act) for cash pursuant to the authority 
granted  by  resolution  6  above  as  if  section  89(1)  of  the 
act did not apply to any such allotment provided that this 
power  shall  expire  at  the  conclusion  of  the  next  annual 
general  meeting  of  the  company  or  on  31  december 
2009, whichever is the earlier, and such power is limited to 
the allotment of equity securities:

the  equity 

shares  where 

(a)  in  connection  with  rights  issues  to  holders  of 
ordinary 
securities 
respectively  attributable  to  the  interests  of  such 
holders  are  proportionate  (as  nearly  as  may  be 
practicable)  to  the  respective  numbers  of  ordinary 
shares held by them, but subject to such exclusions 
or  other  arrangements  as  the  directors  may  deem 
necessary  or  expedient  to  deal  with  any  fractional 
entitlements  or  any  legal  or  practical  problems 
under law of, or the requirements of any regulatory 
body  or  any  recognised  stock  exchange  in,  any 
territory;

(b)  up  to  a  maximum  aggregate  nominal  value  of 
£469,450  in  connection  with  the  exercise  of 
options  granted  to  various  parties  (including 
directors)  over  an  aggregate  of  46,945,000 
ordinary shares;

(c)  up  to  a  maximum  aggregate  nominal  value  of 
£1,100,589.16  (being  10  per  cent.  of  the  issued 
share capital of the company as at the date of this 
notice) in connection with the granting of options 
by  the  company  granted  in  accordance  with  the 

this document is important and requires your immediate attention. if you are in any doubt about the contents of this 

document you should consult a person authorised under the financial services and markets act 2000 who specialises in advising on the acquisition of 

shares and other securities.

if you have sold or otherwise transferred all of your shares in pan african resources plc (the “company”), please send this document, together with the 

accompanying form of proxy to the purchaser or transferee or to the stockbroker, bank or other agent through whom the sale or transfer was effected 

for transmission to the purchaser or transferee.  if you have sold only part of your holding of shares in pan african resources plc, please contact your 

stockbroker, bank or other agent through whom the sale was effected immediately.

dematerialised shareholders in south africa who are not own name dematerialised shareholders and who wish to attend the agm should instruct their 

central securities depository participant (‘csdp’) or broker to issue them with the necessary letter of representation to attend the meeting in person, 

in the manner stipulated in the custody agreement governing the relationship between such shareholders and their csdp or broker. these instructions 

must be provided to the csdp or broker by the cut-off time and date advised by the csdp or broker for instructions of this nature. dematerialised 

shareholders  in  south  africa  who  are  not  own  name  dematerialised  shareholders  and  who  cannot  attend  but  who  wish  to  vote  at  the  agm  should 

provide their csdp or broker with their voting instructions, in the manner stipulated in the custody agreement governing the relationship between such 

shareholders and their csdp or broker. these instructions must be provided to the csdp or broker by the cut-off time and date advised by the csdp 

or broker for instructions of this nature.

68

    
  
notIce oF annUal general  MeetIng

pan  african  resources  plc  share  option  plan; 
and;

substitution  for,  and  to  the  exclusion  of,  the  existing 
articles of association, with immediate effect.

(d) up to a maximum aggregate value of £643,046.22 
in  connection  with  the  exercise  of  the  option 
to  shanduka  resources  (proprietary) 
granted 
limited  (“shanduka”)  to  subscribe  for  ordinary 
shares;

(e) up to a maximum aggregate value of £2,086,115.79 
in  connection  with  the  exercise  of  the  option 
granted  to  shanduka  to  require  the  company 
to  acquire  all  of  shanduka’s  26  per  cent.  interest 
in  barberton  mines 
(proprietary)  limited 
in  consideration  of  the  issue  of  shares  in  the 
company; and

(f ) up to a maximum aggregate value of £1,100,589.16 
(being  approximately  10  per  cent.  of  the  issued 
share capital of the company as at the date of this 
notice)  otherwise  than  pursuant  to  paragraphs  (a) 
to  (e)  above),  save  that  the  company  may,  before 
such  expiry  make  an  offer  or  agreement  which 
would  or  might  require  equity  securities  to  be 
allotted  after  such  expiry  and  the  directors  may 
allot  equity  securities  in  pursuance  of  any  such 
offer  or  agreement  as  if  the  authority  conferred 
hereby had not expired.

9.	

that  the  company  be  generally  and  unconditionally 
authorised  for  the  purposes  of  section  166  of  the 
companies  act  1985  to  make  market  purchases  (as 
defined  in  section  163  of  that  act)  of  ordinary  shares  of 
the  company  on  such  terms  and  in  such  manner  as  the 
directors of the company shall determine provided that: 

(a)  the  maximum  aggregate  number  of  ordinary 
shares  which  may  be  purchased  is  110,058,916 
(representing  approximately  10  per  cent  of 
the  issued  share  capital  of  the  company  at  28 
november 2008); 

(b)  the  minimum  price  (excluding  expenses)  which 

may be paid for each ordinary share is 1p; 

(c)  the  maximum  price  (excluding  expenses)  which 
may be paid for any ordinary share does not exceed 
5 per cent. above the average closing price of such 
shares  for  the  five  business  days  on  the  london 
stock exchange prior to the date of purchase; and 

(d) this authority shall expire at the conclusion of the 
next annual general meeting of the company or 
on  31  december  2009,  whichever  is  the  earlier, 
unless such authority is renewed prior to that time 
(except  in  relation  to  the  purchase  of  ordinary 
shares the contract for which was concluded before 
the  expiry  of  such  authority  and  which  might  be 
executed wholly or partly after such expiry).

10.	

that the articles of association contained in a document 
produced to the meeting and signed by the chairman for 
the  purposes  of  identification  be  approved  and  adopted 
as  the  new  articles  of  association  of  the  company  in 

by order of the board

st James’s corporate services limited 
company secretary
28 november 2008

6 st James’s place
london
england
sW1a 1np

exPlanatory notes
entitlement to attend and vote
1.	

pursuant to regulation 41 of the uncertificated securities 
regulations  2001,  the  company  specifies  that  only  those 
members registered on the company’s register of members 
at:
12h00 on saturday, 20 december 2008; or, 
if the agm is adjourned, at 18h00  on the day two days 
prior to the adjourned meeting, shall be entitled to attend 
and vote at the agm.

•	
•	

appointment of proxies
2.   if you are a member of the company at the time set out 
in  note  1  above,  you  are  entitled  to  appoint  a  proxy  to 
exercise all or any of your rights to attend, speak and vote 
at  the  agm  and  you  should  have  received  a  proxy  form 
with this notice of meeting. you can only appoint a proxy 
using the procedures set out in these notes and the notes 
to the proxy form.

3.   a  proxy  does  not  need  to  be  a  member  of  the company 
but  must  attend  the  agm  to  represent  you.  details  of 
how  to  appoint  the  chairman  of  the  agm  or  another 
person as your proxy using the proxy form are set out in 
the  notes  to  the  proxy  form.  if  you  wish  your  proxy  to 
speak on your behalf at the agm you will need to appoint 
your  own  choice  of  proxy  (not  the  chairman)  and  give 
your instructions directly to them.

4.  you  may  appoint  more  than  one  proxy  provided  each 
proxy is appointed to exercise rights attached to different 
shares.    you  may  not  appoint  more  than  one  proxy  to 
exercise  rights  attached  to  any  one  share.    to  appoint 
more  than  one  proxy,  please  contact  capita  registrars 
or  computershare  investor  services  (pty)  ltd  who  will 
arrange for the appropriate documentation to be provided 
to you.

5.  a  vote  withheld  is  not  a  vote  in  law,  which  means  that 
the  vote  will  not  be  counted  in  the  calculation  of  votes 
for  or  against  the  resolution.  if  you  either  select  the 
“discretionary” option or if no voting indication is given, 

69

  
notIce oF annUal general  MeetIng

if  you  submit  more  than  one  valid  proxy  appointment, 
the appointment received last before the latest time for the 
receipt of proxies will take precedence.

termination of proxy appointments
9. 

in  order  to  revoke  a  proxy  instruction  you  will  need  to 
inform  the  company  by  sending  a  signed  hard  copy 
notice clearly stating your intention to revoke your proxy 
appointment  as  above.  in  the  case  of  a  member  which  is 
a company, the revocation notice must be executed under 
its common seal or signed on its behalf by an officer of the 
company  or  an  attorney  for  the  company.  any  power  of 
attorney or any other authority under which the revocation 
notice is signed (or a duly certified copy of such power or 
authority) must be included with the revocation notice.

the  revocation  notice  must  be  received  by  capita 
registrars  or  computershare  investor  services  (pty)  ltd 
no later than 12h00  on saturday, 20 december 2008. if 
you  attempt  to  revoke  your  proxy  appointment  but  the 
revocation is received after the time specified then, subject 
to  the  paragraph  directly  below,  your  proxy  appointment 
will remain valid.

appointment  of  a  proxy  does  not  preclude  you  from 
attending  the  agm  and  voting  in  person.  if  you  have 
appointed  a  proxy  and  attend  the  agm  in  person,  your 
proxy appointment will automatically be terminated.

Issued shares and total voting rights
10.  as at 18h00 on 27 november 2008, the company’s issued 
share capital comprised 1,100,589,162 ordinary shares of 
1p each. each ordinary share carries the right to one vote 
at  a  general  meeting  of  the  company  and,  therefore,  the 
total number of voting rights in the company as at 18h00 
on 27 november 2008 was 1,100,589,162.

Directors interests and documents on 
display
11.  a statement or summary of transactions of directors (and 
their family interests) in the share capital of the company 
and  copies  of  their  service  contracts  will  be  available  for 
inspection  at  the  company’s  registered  office  during 
normal  business  hours  (saturdays  and  public  holidays 
excepted) from the date of this notice until the conclusion 
of  the  agm  and  will  also  be  available  for  inspection  at 
the place of the agm for at least 15 minutes prior to and 
during the meeting

your  proxy  will  vote  or  abstain  from  voting  at  his  or  her 
discretion. your proxy will vote (or abstain from voting) as 
he or she thinks fit in relation to any other matter which is 
put before the agm.

appointment of proxy using hard copy 
proxy form
6.  the  notes  to  the  proxy  form  explain  how  to  direct  your 
proxy  how  to  vote  on  each  resolution  or  withhold  their 
vote.

•	
•	

•	

to appoint a proxy using the proxy form, the form must 
be:
completed	and	signed;
to	 Capita	 Registrars	 at	 Proxies	
sent	 or	 delivered	
department,  the  registry,  34  beckenham  road,  kent, 
br3  4tu  or  computershare  investor  services  (pty)  ltd, 
ground  floor,  70  marshall  street,  Johannesburg  2001, 
south  africa  (po  box  61051,  marshalltown,  2107, 
Johannesburg, south africa); or
received	 by	 Capita	 Registrars	 or	 Computershare	 Investor	
services  (pty)  ltd  no  later  than  12h00  on  saturday,  20 
december 2008.

in  the  case  of  a  member  which  is  a  company,  the  proxy 
form  must  be  executed  under  its  common  seal  or  signed 
on its behalf by an officer of the company or an attorney 
for the company.

any power of attorney or any other authority under which 
the proxy form is signed (or a duly certified copy of such 
power  or  authority)  must  be  included  with  the  proxy 
form.

appointment of proxy by joint 
members
7.   in  the  case  of  joint  holders,  where  more  than  one  of 
the  joint  holders  purports  to  appoint  a  proxy,  only  the 
appointment submitted by the most senior holder will be 
accepted.  seniority  is  determined  by  the  order  in  which 
the  names  of  the  joint  holders  appear  in  the  company’s 
register  of  members  in  respect  of  the  joint  holding  (the 
first-named being the most senior).

changing proxy instructions
8.  to  change  your  proxy  instructions  simply  submit  a  new 
proxy appointment using the methods set out above. note 
that the cut-off time for receipt of proxy appointments (see 
above) also apply in relation to amended instructions; any 
amended  proxy  appointment  received  after  the  relevant 
cut-off time will be disregarded.

  Where  you  have  appointed  a  proxy  using  the  hard-copy 
proxy  form  and  would  like  to  change  the  instructions 
using  another  hard-copy  proxy  form,  please  contact 
capita  registrars,  the  registry,  proxies  department, 
34  beckenham  road,  beckenham,  kent  br3  4tu  or 
computershare investor services (pty) ltd, ground floor, 
70 marshall street, Johannesburg 2001, south africa (po 
box  61051,  marshalltown,  2107,  Johannesburg,  south 
africa);.

70

    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
contact DetaIls

UnIteD KIngDoM

soUth aFrIca

registered office, company secretary  and  investor 
relations (uk)
st James’s corporate services limited
6 st James’s place
london
sW1a 1np
united kingdom
tel: +44 (0) 20 7499 3916
fax: +44 (0) 20 7491 1989
email: phil.dexter@corpserv.co.uk 

corporate office
viewpoint house
cnr. main street and orchard avenue
bordeaux
randburg
south africa
tel: +27 (0) 11 777 7840
fax: +27 (0) 11 777 7843
email: nicole@paf.co.za 

nominated advisors (nomad) 
rbc capital  markets
71 queen victoria street
london
ec4v 4de
united kingdom
tel: +44 (0) 20 7029 7881
fax: +44 (0) 20 7029 7924
email: martin.eales@rbccm.com 

auditors
deloitte & touche llp
2 new street square
london
ec4 3bz
united kingdom  
tel: +44 (0) 20 7936 3000 
fax: +44 (0) 20 7583 1198
www.deloitte.co.uk 

solicitors
fasken martineau llp
17 hanover square
london
W1s 1hu
london
united kingdom
tel: +44 (0) 20 7917 8500
fax: +44 (0) 20 7917 8555
email: ngordon@fasken.co.uk 

registrars (uk)
capita registrars
northern house
Woodsome bridge
huddersfield
hd8 0la
tel: from uk - 0871 664 0300 
(calls cost 10p per minute plus network charges)
tel: outside uk +44 20 8639 399

sponsor (rsa)
macquarie first south corporate finance (pty) ltd
the place
1 sandton drive
south Wing
sandown
Johannesburg
south africa 
tel: +27 11 (0) 583 2000
fax:  +27 11 (0) 583 2161
email: amanda.markman@macquarie.com

transfer securities (rsa)
computershare investor services (pty) ltd
70 marshall street
Johannesburg
south africa
tel: +27 (0) 11 370 5085
fax: +27 (0) 11 688 5248
email: maree.fourie@computershare.co.za  

public relations (rsa)
fdbeachhead
1st floor
lumley house
177 Jan smuts avenue
rosebank
south africa
tel: +27 (0) 11 214 2400
fax: +27 11 (0) 214 2405
email: jennifer.cohen@fd.com 

postal address
po box 2768
pinegowrie
2125
south africa

Website
www.panafricanresources.com 

company registration number
3937466

71