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Pan African Resources PLC

paf · LSE Basic Materials
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FY2010 Annual Report · Pan African Resources PLC
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Annual Report 2010

The diff erence

• Dividend paying gold company 
• Unhedged and debt free
• Gold production: shallow, low cost & high grade 
• Consistent year-on-year improvement in productivity 
•  Low cost & high grade platinum production from surface 

due in 2011 

• Management team with a proven track record of  delivery

Platinum - tipped gold – with a yield 

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

1

Nature of  our Business

Pan African Resources Plc (“Pan African”, “Pan African Resources”, “the Company” or “the Group”) is an African focused mining group 
that produces approximately 100,000oz of gold per year, with production of platinum group metals forecast to begin by September of 
2011. Its focus is on low cost, high margin production and acquiring near production projects. The Group is debt free, unhedged and 
is able to fund its current on-mine capital expenditure from internal cash fl ows. 
•  Production and growth focus driven by: 
  •  Low cost base;
  •  High margins;
  •  Signifi cant potential for long-term growth in reserve base; and
  •  Creating an enabling environment to allow optimum performance.

Resilient fi nancial performance 

•  Revenue from gold sales increased by 29.25% to £68.5 million (2009: £53.0 million)
•  Headline earnings per share (“HEPS”) increased by 25.88% to 1.07p (2009: 0.85p)
•  Earnings per share (“EPS”) increased by 160.00% to 1.04p (2009: 0.40p)
•   Earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, amortisation and impairment (“EBITDA”) 

increased by 9.17% to £25.0 million (2009: £22.9 million)

•   Final dividend of 0.3723p per share (2009: dividend of 0.2555p per share) proposed
•   Cash and cash equivalents increased by 435.56% to £12.80 million 

(2009: £2.39 million)

Continued production improvement  
from the Barberton Mines  
(Proprietary) Limited  
(“Barberton Mines”)  
mining operations 

•  Underground gold production increased by 2.71% to 97,483oz (2009: 94,909oz)
•  Headgrade improved by 2.81% to 10.61g/t (2009: 10.32g/t)
•  Measured and indicated resource base increased by 30.22% to 1,814,000oz 

(2009: 1,393,000oz)

•  Barberton Mines old order mining rights converted to new order mining rights 

Major progress made at  
Phoenix Platinum Mining  
(Proprietary) Limited 
(“Phoenix Platinum”) 

•  Exclusive terms signed with International Ferro Metals (SA) (Proprietary) Limited
(“IFM”) in terms of the site location for a Chrome Tailings Retreatment Plant 
(“CTRP”)

•  Resource upgraded by 15.80% to 469,000oz (previously 405,000oz)
•  Production expected to commence in the second half of 2011
•  Forecast cash cost of less than US$400/oz

Established management team  
with a proven track record  
of unlocking potential 

•  Shanduka Gold (Proprietary) Limited (“Shanduka”) acquired a 26% shareholding in
  Pan African
•  Cyril Ramaphosa appointed as the Non-Executive Chairman

Pan African Resources PLC
(hereinaft er referred to as “Pan African”, “Pan African Resources”, “the Company” or “the Group”)
(Incorporated in England & Wales under the Companies Act 1985 with registration number 
3937466 on 25 February 2000) 
Share code on AIM: PAF
Share code on the JSE: PAN
ISIN: GB0005300496

2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Looking forward , management 
is excited , passionate and 
driven to not  only meet but 
exceed expectations

“Pan African’s 
profi tability and 
dividend payments 
cert ainly distinguish the 
Company from its peer 
group”

2  Nature of our business
4   Salient features
5   Share statistics and shareholding
6   Geographic location
6   Company structure

7  Chairman’s report
9  Chief executive offi cer’s review

Over the past year we have 
explored extensive business 
opport unities that will help 
Pan African Resources grow its 
port folio

18   Mining operation: Barberton Mines
24  Near-term production: Phoenix Platinum Mining
26   Growth project: Manica gold project (“Manica”)
28   New business

Over the last 
year Pan African 
Resources has 
streamlined various 
aspects of  its business, 
in part icular Mineral 
Resource Management, 
and appointed the 
best teams to meet 
the challenges of  the 
sustainable business 
that lie ahead

30   Group Mineral Resource Management Strategy
33   Mineral Resource Statement
39   Reporting code and standards

42   Board of directors
48   Executive management – Pan African Resources
48   Executive management – Barberton Mines
49   Corporate governance

56   Directors’ report
59   Statement of directors’ responsibilities
60   UK Independent auditors’ report
62   Independent auditors’ report
63   Certifi cate of the Company Secretary
64    Consolidated and Company statement of comprehensive 

income

65    Consolidated and Company statement of fi nancial position
67    Consolidated and Company statement of changes in equity
68   Notes to the fi nancial statements

100 Notice of Annual General Meeting
104 Glossary of Terms and Abbreviations

Inserted Form of Proxy

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

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3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Salient Features

  Year ended   Year ended 
30 June 
2009 

30 June  
2010 

%
Change

Statement of  Comprehensive 
Income
Profi t after taxation 
Headline earnings 
(see Note 14 on page 81) 
Gold sales 
Mining profi t 
Cost of production 
Impairment costs 

(£)  14,499,875 

8,091,286 

79.20

(£)  14,612,633 
9,428,998 
(£)  68,506,394 
53,000,352 
(£)  24,664,624 
21,994,689 
(£)  (40,553,886)  (28,504,686) 
(5,025,463) 
(£) 

(335,401) 

Statement of  Financial 
Position 
Non-current assets 
Current assets (including cash) 
Total equity 
Non-current liabilities 
Current liabilities 

Operating Performance 
Tons milled 
Headgrade 
Gold sold 
Spot price received 
Total cash costs 
Capital expenditure 

(£)  74,324,150 
(£)  17,677,295 
(£)  73,486,877 
(£)  11,430,530 
7,084,038 
(£) 

67,197,831 
4,948,877 
56,360,402 
9,685,537 
6,100,769 

(t) 
(g/t) 
(oz) 
(US$/oz) 
(US$/oz) 
(£) 

313,167 
10.61 
98,091 
1,098 
650 
5,935,346 

313,952 
10.32 
97,353 
867 
469 
4,318,425 

54.98
29.26
12.14
42.27
(93.33)

10.60
257.20
30.39
18.02
16.12

(0.25)
2.81
0.76
26.64
38.59
37.44

(cid:3)
(cid:73)
(cid:71)
(cid:82)
(cid:73)
(cid:52)

1.2

1

0.8

0.6

0.4

0.2

0.0

-0.2

-0.4

(cid:44)(cid:73)(cid:69)(cid:72)(cid:80)(cid:77)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:73)(cid:69)(cid:86)(cid:82)(cid:77)(cid:82)(cid:75)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:84)(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:71)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:84)(cid:73)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:76)(cid:69)(cid:86)(cid:73)

(cid:37)(cid:71)(cid:85)(cid:89)(cid:77)(cid:87)(cid:77)(cid:88)(cid:77)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:3)(cid:83)(cid:74)(cid:3)
(cid:38)(cid:69)(cid:86)(cid:70)(cid:73)(cid:86)(cid:88)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:3)(cid:49)(cid:77)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:87)

(cid:21)(cid:28)(cid:3)(cid:81)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:88)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:3)
(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:72)(cid:73)(cid:72)(cid:3)
(cid:23)(cid:21)(cid:3)(cid:49)(cid:69)(cid:86)(cid:71)(cid:76)(cid:3)
(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:26)

(cid:21)(cid:25)(cid:3)(cid:81)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:88)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:3)
(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:72)(cid:73)(cid:72)(cid:3)
(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:89)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)
(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:27)

(cid:61)(cid:73)(cid:69)(cid:86)(cid:3)
(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:72)(cid:73)(cid:72)(cid:3)
(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:89)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)
(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:28)

(cid:61)(cid:73)(cid:69)(cid:86)(cid:3)
(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:72)(cid:73)(cid:72)(cid:3)
(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:89)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)
(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:29)

(cid:61)(cid:73)(cid:69)(cid:86)
(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:72)(cid:73)(cid:72)(cid:3)
(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:89)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)
(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:20)

16 000, 000

14 000, 000

12 000, 000

10, 000, 000

(cid:3)
(cid:134)

8, 000, 000

6, 000, 000

4, 000, 000

2, 000, 000

0.0

(2, 000, 000)

(cid:37)(cid:88)(cid:88)(cid:86)(cid:77)(cid:70)(cid:89)(cid:88)(cid:69)(cid:70)(cid:80)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:84)(cid:86)(cid:83)(cid:74)(cid:77)(cid:88)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:80)(cid:83)(cid:87)(cid:87)(cid:13)(cid:3)(cid:88)(cid:83)(cid:3)(cid:88)(cid:76)(cid:73)(cid:3)
(cid:83)(cid:91)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:83)(cid:74)(cid:3)(cid:88)(cid:76)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:84)(cid:69)(cid:86)(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:88)

(cid:37)(cid:71)(cid:85)(cid:89)(cid:77)(cid:87)(cid:77)(cid:88)(cid:77)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:3)(cid:83)(cid:74)(cid:3)
(cid:38)(cid:69)(cid:86)(cid:70)(cid:73)(cid:86)(cid:88)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:3)(cid:49)(cid:77)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:87)

(cid:45)(cid:81)(cid:84)(cid:69)(cid:77)(cid:86)(cid:81)(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:88)
(cid:37)(cid:88)(cid:88)(cid:86)(cid:77)(cid:70)(cid:89)(cid:88)(cid:69)(cid:70)(cid:80)(cid:73)(cid:3)
(cid:84)(cid:86)(cid:83)(cid:74)(cid:77)(cid:88)(cid:19)(cid:12)(cid:80)(cid:83)(cid:87)(cid:87)(cid:13)

(cid:21)(cid:25)(cid:3)(cid:81)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:88)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:3)
(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:72)(cid:73)(cid:72)(cid:3)
(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:89)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)
(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:27)

(cid:61)(cid:73)(cid:69)(cid:86)(cid:3)
(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:72)(cid:73)(cid:72)(cid:3)
(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:89)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)
(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:28)

(cid:61)(cid:73)(cid:69)(cid:86)(cid:3)
(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:72)(cid:73)(cid:72)(cid:3)
(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:89)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)
(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:29)

(cid:61)(cid:73)(cid:69)(cid:86)(cid:3)
(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:72)(cid:73)(cid:72)(cid:3)
(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:89)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)
(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:20)

4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Share Statistics and Shareholding

Year ended  
30 June  
2010 

Year ended 
30 June 
2009 

%
Change

Number of shares in issue 
at end of year 
Weighted average number of shares
in issue 
Weighted average diluted number
of shares in issue 

1,409,540,711   1,112,589,162  

26.69

1,366,268,709   1,104,367,219  

23.72

 1,379,880,423   1,107,248,663  

24.62

Major shareholdings
As at 25 June 2010, the substantial shareholdings of the Company were:
Shares in issue: 1,409,540,711

Name 

Shanduka 
Coronation Fund Managers 
Investec Asset Management 
Allan Gray Investment Council 
JP Morgan Asset Management 

Number of 
shares 

366,168,585 
221,821,092 
149,898,928 
76,294,036 
58,955,000 

% 
held

25.98
15,74
10,63
5.41
4.18

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(cid:54)(cid:73)(cid:90)(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:89)(cid:73)

(cid:37)(cid:71)(cid:85)(cid:89)(cid:77)(cid:87)(cid:77)(cid:88)(cid:77)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:3)(cid:83)(cid:74)(cid:3)
(cid:38)(cid:69)(cid:86)(cid:70)(cid:73)(cid:86)(cid:88)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:3)(cid:49)(cid:77)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:87)

(cid:13)
(cid:20)
(cid:20)
(cid:20)
(cid:12)
(cid:3)
(cid:134)

80 000, 000

70 000, 000

60 000, 000

50, 000, 000

40, 000, 000

30, 000, 000

20, 000, 000

10, 000, 000

0.0

Gold produced

Acquisition of 
Barberton Mines

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p

l

d
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g

f

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o

160 000

140 000

120 000

100, 000

80, 000

60, 000,

40, 000

20, 000

0.0

(cid:21)(cid:25)(cid:3)(cid:81)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:88)(cid:76)(cid:87)(cid:3)
(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:72)(cid:73)(cid:72)(cid:3)
(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:89)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)
(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:27)

(cid:61)(cid:73)(cid:69)(cid:86)
(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:72)(cid:73)(cid:72)(cid:3)
(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:89)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)
(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:28)

(cid:61)(cid:73)(cid:69)(cid:86)
(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:72)(cid:73)(cid:72)(cid:3)
(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:89)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)
(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:29)

(cid:61)(cid:73)(cid:69)(cid:86)
(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:72)(cid:73)(cid:72)(cid:3)
(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:3)(cid:46)(cid:89)(cid:82)(cid:73)(cid:3)
(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:21)(cid:20)

Year ended 
30 June 
2006

Year ended 
30 June 
2007

Year ended 
30 June 
2008

Year ended 
30 June 
2009

Year ended 
30 June 
2010

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Geographic Location

Equator

Indian Ocean

Mozambique

Manica Project

Phoenix Platinum

Amira, Eagles Nest and
Thomas Victory-Hill Projects

Atlantic Ocean

South 
Africa

0

1,000km

(cid:37)arbe(cid:1323)on Mines
- (cid:41)air(cid:89)ie(cid:90), Sheba and (cid:38)onso(cid:1323)

Legend:
Mining operations

Near-term production
Growth projects

Company Structure

Pan African Resources PLC

 (Incorporated & Registered in England and Wales under the Companies Act 1985 
with registration number 3937466 on 25 February 2000)

100%

100%

2%

100%

100%

Barberton Mines (Pty) 
Limited South Africa
(Registered in South Africa)

Barberton Mining Operations 
(“Barberton Mines”)

Phoenix Platinum Mining 
(Pty) Limited South Africa
(Registered in South Africa)

Phoenix Platinum Chrome 
Tailings Retreatment Project
South Africa
(“Phoenix Platinum”)

100%

Mistral Resource 
Development Corporation 
(British Virgin Isles)

98%

Explorator Limitada
Manica, Mozambique
(Registered in South Africa)

Platinum Sands (Pty) Ltd
(Registered in South Africa)

Manica Gold Project
Mozambique

Brampton Capital Overseas 
Capital
(British Virgin Isles)

Dormant

6

Chairman’s Statement

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Cyril Ramaphosa (58)
Chairman

The origins of the quotation “May you live in interesting times” are unclear, but one could be 
forgiven for suggesting that the phrase was coined to describe our world today. Markets and 
commodity prices have generally recovered from the crash of 2008 and 2009, but market 
volatility and a lack of direction are clear indicators of the uncertainty that faces the investor 
in 2010.

Pan African has made the conscious decision to focus on those factors that we can control, to 
ensure we deliver the performance that our shareholders and other stakeholders expect and 
that management has the ability and experience to deliver. Cost control, increased geological 
confi dence  and  a  sustained  drive  to  increase  productivity  are  key  areas  for  continuous 
improvement. These  and  other  areas  of  focus  will  ensure  the  long-term  sustainability  of 
Barberton Mines, despite general and also mining specifi c infl ationary pressures.

The  Group  continues  to  produce  pleasing  operational  and  fi nancial  results,  and  looking 
forward, management is motivated to maintain and improve on this past success.

Our hearts and thoughts are with the family, friends and co-workers of Mr Mngobe Joseph 
Ndlovu, who was fatally injured during a fall of ground accident at Barberton Mines’ Fairview 
mine on 9 March 2010. The safety of our employees remains of paramount importance to 
the management and board of Pan African, as evidenced by the various health and safety 
initiatives and strategies implemented by the Group. A further loss to the Group and to the 
board came with the passing of Mr John Hopwood, non-executive director of Pan African, 
on 19 March 2010. John’s industry experience and wise counsel made him a great asset to 
our board. He is sorely missed.

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

7

 
 
Chairman’s Statement cont.

“Pan African’s 
profi tability 
and dividend 
payments cert ainly 
distinguishes the 
Company from 
its peer group”

Gold continues to perform well in US$ terms, with current investment demand underpinning 
a US$ gold price of US$1,100/oz and above. Despite a strong Rand, Pan African’s margins 
from  our  Barberton  Mines  operation  remain  attractive.  Barberton  Mines  continues  to  be 
key to Pan African’s future strategy, providing both ongoing cash fl ows and a further growth 
opportunity to the Group. 

The recent resource update for Phoenix re-affi rmed the potential of the project. Management 
continues to progress Phoenix, and I am looking forward to regular market updates in the 
next fi nancial year, as the project progresses towards production. In addition to diversifying 
our  asset  base,  a  producing  Phoenix  will  provide  immediate  cash  fl ows,  and  therefore  a 
further platform for growth. 

From  a  corporate  perspective,  Pan African  welcomed  both  new  shareholders  and  board 
members early in the 2010 fi nancial year. The Company moved its JSE Limited (“JSE”) listing 
from the Alternative Exchange to the JSE Main Board. It now has a dual primary listing on the 
JSE Main Board and London’s AIM market. I would like to specifi cally thank my predecessor, 
Keith Spencer, for his work and direction to the Group during his time as Chairman. Keith 
continues his contributions to the board as deputy chairman. 

The board has made a decision to propose Pan African’s second dividend. We believe that 
the principle of a dividend, together with the size of the payment, demonstrates the Group’s 
commitment to creating shareholder value. Pan African’s profi tability and dividend payments 
certainly  distinguishes  the  Company  from  many  of  the  other  companies  in  our  sector. 
The Group is not set on growth at all costs, we believe in sustainable and well-considered 
expansion, whilst also providing a cash return to shareholders when the opportunity arises.

I wish to extend my sincere gratitude to the staff and management of Pan African and our 
Group companies for their tireless efforts in ensuring the success of the Group over the past 
year. I also wish to thank the shareholders of Pan African, for your loyal support and belief in 
the Company and its management.

CM Ramaphosa
Chairman

30 August 2010

8

CEO’s Review

Jan Nelson (40)
Chief Executive Offi cer

“The Board 
is once again 
recommending 
the payment of  a 
dividend”

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Highlights 2010
•  Increase in gold production from underground operations
•   Group continues to show that current in-situ gold grades 

are sustainable

•  Barbert on Mines’ life of  mine (“LOM”) extended
•  Phoenix is on schedule to supplement Group earnings
•   Strong cash fl ows enables the recommendation of  a dividend

Introduction
This year the Group continued to deliver a strong operational and fi nancial performance as a 
result of increased gold sales and a stronger gold price. This performance clearly demonstrates 
our ability not only to successfully operate Barberton Mines (since its acquisition in July 2007), 
but also to improve its year-on-year performance.

We  believe  that  our  strategy  of  pursuing  profi table  growth  opportunities  which  deliver 
cash fl ow in the near term, is yielding results. It has strengthened our Statement of Financial 
Position  to  the  extent  that  the  board  will  once  again  recommend  the  payment  of  a  fi nal 
dividend of 0.3723p per share (2009: dividend of 0.2555p per share paid).

We have now laid the foundations in terms of technical ability and fi nancial muscle and are 
well-positioned to grow the Company via our strategic alliance with Shanduka Resources 
(our largest shareholder through its subsidiary Shanduka Gold (Pty) Limited).

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

9

 
CEO’s Review cont.

“Cost control 
remains a key 
focus for our 
operational teams”

Despite pleasing results, the impact of signifi cant cost increases at Barberton Mines, mainly 
in the area of security, electricity and corporate expenditure, reduced the Group’s EBITDA 
in ZAR terms. The Group’s attributable profi t increased as a result of 100% of Barberton 
Mines’ earnings fl owing through to a Group level from 21 August 2009 (as a result of the 
Shanduka  fl ip-up:  refer  to  page  16). We  will  need  to  be  more  vigilant  in  terms  of  cost 
control.  Consequently  key  focus  areas  from  executive  management’s  perspective  will 
be  to:  (a) increase productivity, (b) reduce security costs signifi cantly, (c) use power more 
effi ciently at Barberton Mines and (d) reduce overhead costs. Cost reduction action plans 
have  been  formulated  and  the  effect  of  these  will  be  reported  to  shareholders  at  future 
results presentations. 

The advancement of the Phoenix Platinum project is on schedule and the main focus will be 
to realise cash fl ow from this project by the second half of 2011.

Health and safety 
The safety performance of the Barberton mining operations (comprising the Fairview, Sheba 
and  New  Consort  sections)  showed  an  improvement  year-on-year  with  lost  time  injury 
frequency  rate  (“LTIFR”)  at  4.2  (2009:  6.4)  and  serious  injury  frequency  rate  (“SIFR”)  at 
1.1  (2009:  1.7). The  number  of  shifts  lost  decreased,  however  the  lost  day  severity  rate 
increased marginally, which indicates an increase in the severity of injuries experienced. It is 
with great regret and sadness that the Company reports the tragic death of Mr Mngobe Joseph 
Ndlovu,  who  lost  his  life  after  a  fall  of  ground  incident  at  the  Fairview  section  in  March 
2010. The Fairview section, prior to this accident, achieved two million fatality free shifts in 
February 2010. 

Barberton  Mines  has  designed  and  is  in  the  process  of  implementing  a  safety,  health, 
environment  and  communities  (“SHEC”)  management  system  that  will  enable  us  to 
improve  health  and  safety  and  environmental  management  to  industry  leading  levels. The 
full  implementation  of  the  SHEC  management  system  will  be  completed  by  the  second 
half  of  the  2011  fi nancial  year. The  training  of  our  employees  is  done  through  the  South 
African Mining Qualifi cations Authority accredited training facility at the mine, which utilises 
approved training programmes to maintain the competence levels of employees. 

Accident rates (per million man hours)

9.6

7.9

6.8

8.0

Acquisition of Barberton Mines

6.4

4.8

2.6

3.7

3.3

2.8

3.1

4.2

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

1.7

2009

1.1

2010

Lost time injury rate

Serious injury rate

Lost day severity rate

14.8

14.6

14.5

Acquisition of Barberton Mines

12.4

11.0

6.2

6.9

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

10

s
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n
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i
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e
p

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8

6

4

2

0

15.0

12.0

e
t
a
r

y
t
i
r
e
v
e
S

9.0

6.0

3.0

0.0

10

 
 
 
 
The  Mine  Health  and  Safety  Council  targets  set  by  the  industry,  in  conjunction  with  the 
South African Department of Mineral Resources (“DMR”), endeavour to align the health and 
safety performance of the South African mining industry with international norms by 2013. 
The targets are based on rate improvements for fatalities, noise induced hearing losses and 
silicosis. The Group has committed itself to these targets.

Financial performance
Pan  African  is  incorporated  in  England  and Wales,  and  its  reporting  currency  is  pounds 
sterling  (£).  Barberton  Mines  is  a  South African  company,  and  its  fi nancial  statements  are 
prepared  in  South  African  Rand  (“ZAR”  or  “Rand”).  When  Barberton  Mines’  fi nancial 
statements  are  translated  into  pounds  sterling  for  the  purposes  of  Group  consolidation 
and  reporting,  the  annual  average  and  year-end  closing  ZAR:£  exchange  rates  affect  the 
Group  consolidated  fi nancial  results.  In  the  current  fi nancial  year,  the  average  prevailing 
ZAR:£ exchange rate was 11.93:1 (2009: 14.39:1), and the closing ZAR:£ exchange rate was 
11.53:1 (2009: 12.66:1). The year-on-year change in the average and closing exchange rates of 
17.10% and 8.93%, respectively, should be taken into account for the purposes of comparing 
year-on-year results.

Gross revenue from gold sales increased by 29.25% to £68.5 million (2009: £53.0 million). 
The  increase  in  revenue  was  mainly  attributed  to  a  26.64%  increase  in  the  average  gold 
spot price received to US$1,098/oz (2009: US$867/oz), and the depreciation of the GBP 
against  the  ZAR. The  average  US$:ZAR  exchange  rate  was  15.95%  stronger  at  ZAR7.59 
(2009:  ZAR9.03),  which  negatively  impacted  revenue  received  in  ZAR. The  effective  ZAR 
gold  price  was  6.41%  higher  at  ZAR267,876/kg  (2009:  ZAR251,740/kg).  Mining  profi t  at 
Barberton Mines grew by 12.27% to £24.7 million (2009: £22.0 million). 

Cost of production increased by 42.46% to £40.6 million (2009: £28.5 million). In Rand terms, 
cost of production increased by 17.97% to ZAR483.8 million (2009: ZAR410.1 million). This 
increase is mainly attributable to a 42.86% increase in electricity costs to ZAR42.0 million 
(2009:  ZAR29.4  million),  security  costs  increasing  by  176.92%  to  ZAR32.4  million 
(2009: ZAR11.7 million) and salary, wages and other staff expenses increasing by 18.41% to 
ZAR215.5 million (2009: ZAR182.0 million).

Barberton Mines commenced payment of the new South African mining royalty tax upon its 
implementation in March 2010. This royalty charge for the year amounted to £0.84 million. 

EBITDA  for  the  year  under  review,  excluding  impairment  charges,  was  £25.0  million 
(2009:  £22.9  million),  an  increase  of  9.17%.  Other  expenses  increased  31.29%  to 
£1.93  million  (2009:  £1.47  million),  largely  due  to  cancellation  of  the  Metorex  Limited 
(“Metorex”) management agreement for Barberton Mines on 1 July 2009, for a consideration 
of  £0.34  million. The  Company  incurred  an  exploration  expenditure  impairment  charge 
of £0.35 million (2009: £5.0 million) during the year. This was the fi nal impairment charge 
related to the Company’s investment in the Central African Republic.

Year ended  

Year ended
  30 June 2010  30 June 2009 

Cash cost breakdown 
(excluding Capex)
Year ended 30 June 2009

3 5%
%

7%

9%

16%

16%

44%

Salaries
Mining
Processing
Engineering

Electricity

Security
Other

R410,096,314

£28,504,686 
US$/oz 469
ZAR/Kg 136,178

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Cash cost breakdown 
(excluding Capex)
Year ended 30 June 2010

6%

7%

9%

7%

13%

14%

44%

Salaries
Mining
Processing
Engineering

Electricity

Security
Other

R483,807,857

£40,553,886 
US$/oz 650
ZAR/Kg 158,711

Gold sales 
EBITDA (excluding impairment) 
Attributable profi t – Owners of the parent 
EPS (see Note 14) 
HEPS (see Note 14) 
Weighted average number of shares in issue 

(£) 
(£) 
(£) 
(pence) 
(pence) 

68,506,394  
25,022,552 
14,277,232  
1.04  
1.07  

53,000,352
22,889,784 
4,403,535 
0.40 
0.85 
  1,366,268,709   1,104,367,219 

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CEO’s Review cont.

Group income tax decreased by 6.10% to £7.7 million (2009: £8.2 million), due to a lower 
tax rate percentage calculated in accordance with the South African gold mining tax formula. 
This tax formula calculates an income tax rate, based on the ratio of revenues to mining costs 
and capital expenditure. 

The effective tax rate decreased from 50.39% to 34.55% in the current year. In the prior year 
the profi t after taxation included an impairment charge of £5.0 million, which resulted in the 
effective Group tax rate being signifi cantly higher than normal, as the impairment charge was 
not deductible for tax purposes.

1200

1000

z
o
/
$
S
U

800

600

400

200

0

350, 000

300, 000

250, 000

200, 000

150, 000

d
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s
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100, 000

50, 000

0.0

)
0
0
0
(

£

7, 000, 000

6, 000, 000

5, 000, 000

4, 000, 000

3, 000, 000

2, 000, 000

1, 000, 000

0.0

Company cash cost vs average gold price

Acquisition of 
Barberton Mines

Nominal cash cost/oz

Adjusted PPI cash cost/oz
(Base 30 June 2006)

Average gold price received
$/oz

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Production statistics

Acquisition of Barberton Mines

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Capital expenditure

Acquisition of 
Barberton Mines

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

Vamping tons
Consort

Sheba
Fairview

Development capital
Maintenance capital

Operating performance
Barberton  Mines  sold  98,091oz  of  gold  during  the  year,  an  increase  of  0.76%  from  the 
previous year (2009: 97,353oz). Although marginal, the increase is signifi cant in light of the 
fact that mining was stopped for a period of two weeks in December 2009 due to illegal 
mining activity. 

Of  further  signifi cance  is  that  all  gold  production  was  attributable  from  underground 
mining operations, which increased by 2.71% to 97,483oz (2009: 94,909oz). As mentioned 

12

 
 
“The Group continues 
to achieve its targeted 
milestones in 
bringing the Phoenix 
Platinum Project 
into production”

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in  the  previous  reporting  period,  production  is  expected  to  continue  to  increase  as 
a  result  of  increased  capital  investment  and  implementation  of  an  integrated  Mineral 
Resource  Management  (“MRM”)  programme,  which  is  expected  to  increase  mining 
fl exibility. The  decrease  of  0.25%  in  the  volume  of  underground  mining  tons  to  313,167t 
(2009: 313,952t) was negligible and was offset by a 2.81% increase in headgrade to 10.61g/t 
(2009: 10.32g/t).

Total cash costs increased by 38.59% to US$650/oz (2009: US$469/oz). In Rand terms, total 
cash costs increased by 16.55% to ZAR158,711/kg (2009: ZAR136,178/kg). 

Total  capital  expenditure  at  the  mine  increased  by  47.50%  to  £5.9  million  or  20.71%  to 
ZAR70.4 million (2009: £4 million or ZAR58.32 million). Maintenance capital expenditure 
of  £2.9  million  (2009:  £1.9  million)  and  development  capital  expenditure  of  £3.0  million 
(2009: £2.1 million) was incurred. 

Phoenix Platinum Mining (Pty) Limited 
Since the previous reporting period signifi cant milestones have been achieved on the Phoenix 
Platinum project. The fi rst of these was the signing of an exclusive terms of site agreement on 
18 February 2010 with IFM. This agreement sets out the framework for concluding a formal 
plant site agreement. Negotiations in this regard are currently being fi nalised.

In addition the following major technical milestones have been achieved:
•  the completion of a metallurgical competent person’s report;
•   the  compilation  of  a  SAMREC  compliant  resource  estimate  resulting  in  the  PGM  4E’s 
metal content increasing by 15.80% from 405,000oz to 469,000oz and the average grade 
by 2.60% from 3.07g/t PGM 4Es to 3.15g/t PGM 4Es; and

•   detailed process fl ow and engineering design was completed in June 2010. This will lead 
to the fi nal capital cost estimate for the supply, construction and commissioning of the 
Phoenix plant in accordance with the process design criteria being completed in the third 
quarter of 2010.

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

13

 
CEO’s Review cont.

“Our unique 
approach to 
Mineral Resource 
Management 
remains one of  
our competitive 
strengths”

Plant  construction  should  commence  during  the  second  half  of  2010  with  commercial 

production forecast to start in the second half of 2011.

Mining rights conversion
In  terms  of  the  South African  Mineral  and  Petroleum  Resources  Development Act,  2002 

(“MPRDA”),  all  mining  licenses  issued  prior  to  the  MPRDA  that  came  into  effect  on 

1 April 2004 are described as Old Order Mining Rights (“OOMR”). Holders of such rights 

were required to have applied to the DMR for the conversion of these OOMR into New 

Order Mining Rights (“NOMR”) within fi ve years of the MPRDA coming into effect.

Barberton Mines converted all its OOMR during the 2010 fi nancial year.

Barberton  Mines  NOMR  relate  to  the  mining  licences  in  respect  of  Fairview  Mine  (old 

order mining licence 28/2003), New Consort Mine (old order mining licence 30/2003) and 

Sheba  Mine  (old  order  mining  licence  29/2003). These  licences  combined  comprise  the 

Barberton mining operations.

Mineral Resource Management 
Gold inventory
The  total  resource  inventory  for  the  Group  increased,  when  measured  in  terms  of 

gold  content,  by  1.16%  to  4.635Moz  (41.85Mt  @  3.45g/t),  compared  to  4.582Moz 

(41.52Mt @ 3.44g/t) in 2009. The increase resulted from additional drilling and underground 

development (at Barberton Mines), which led to a re-defi nition of geological envelopes and 

geostatistical re-evaluation. 

During  the  year  under  review,  the  Group’s  reserve  in  gold  content  that  is  attributable  to 

Barberton  Mines  increased  by  6.79%  to  661,000oz  (2.318Mt  @  8.87g/t),  compared  to 

619,000oz (2.38Mt @ 8.01g/t) in 2009. Further, the increase in the Mineral Reserve grade of 

10.74% to 8.87g/t (2009: 8.01g/t) is extremely encouraging.

A professional mining engineer with 15 years of relevant experience was appointed on a 

full-time basis at Barberton Mines as MRM Manager, and the net result of the MRM initiative 

at Barberton Mines is not only an extension in the LOM, but also an expectation that the 

LOM will be further increased in the near future despite current depletion rates. By applying 

an  85%  conversion  rate  to  the  Combined  Measured  and  Indicated  Resource  inventory, 

Barberton Mines currently indicates an improved LOM from 10 years (2009) to 15 years. 

Focus  has  also  shifted  to  the  identifi cation  of  shallow,  low  cost  mineral  resources,  which 

can be brought to account in the near term. This approach will not only see the production 

profi le grow, but should also impact positively on the cost structure at Barberton Mines.

Our Group Consulting Geologist, Martin Bevelander, is turning his attention to accelerating 

the  exploration  activities  in  the  prospecting  permit  area  at  Barberton  Mines.  A  regional 

airborne geophysical survey was completed over the permit area and a series of potentially 

near-surface targets have already been identifi ed. The Company will focus on drilling these 

targets in the coming year, as some of the anomalies identifi ed are equal in size to the current 

footprint of the Fairview mine. 

Platinum inventory
The Company is also pleased to report a South African Code for Reporting of Exploration 

Results, Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves (“SAMREC”) compliant Platinum Group 

14

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Elements  (“PGE”)  (4E:  platinum,  palladium,  rhodium  and  gold)  Mineral  Resource  for  the 

Phoenix Platinum project of 469,000 4E oz (4.64Mt @3.15g/t). 

Previously the Group reported the Mineral Resource inventory as tailing feedstock volumes, 

which at the time was estimated at 4.3Mt grading at between 1.1g/t and 4.18g/t, yielding a 

total of 360Koz 4E. Subsequently, the Company geostatistically remodelled all resources at 

Phoenix Platinum.

“We continue to 
look at growth 
opport unities that 
will signifi cantly 
strengthen our 
Financial Position”

Of the total Mineral Resource 33.0% is located as surface sources (935Kt @ 2.45g/t) and 

67.00% (1,277 Kt @ 3.66g/t) as current arisings.

Current feasibility work indicates a LOM of 17 years, producing an estimated 12,222oz 4E 

per annum. 

Group MRM strategy
The MRM initiative will continue to be a key strategic corporate focus for the Group enabling 

management to ensure:

(a) that the economic value of mineral assets is optimally managed and extracted;

(b)  integration of technical and associated functional disciplines along the business value 

chain; 

(c)  increased levels of corporate governance through continued audit and quality control; 

and 

(d) the creation of shareholder value.

New business
For ty  three  projects  were  reviewed  during  the  year.  None  fulfi lled  our  investment 

criteria. Although  we  remain  committed  to  growing  our  asset  base,  such  growth  will 

come only from projects that fi t the Group’s investment criteria. This is a strategy that 

has set us apar t from our peer group and will continue to do so in the future.

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

15

 
CEO’s Review cont.

Corporate developments
On  19  June  2009,  the  Company  announced  that  it  had  concluded  an  agreement  with 
Shanduka  whereby  Pan African  would  acquire  Shanduka’s  26%  shareholding  in  Barberton 
Mines in exchange for the issue of 295,751,549 new Pan African ordinary shares to Shanduka. 

This  share  exchange  transaction  with  Shanduka  became  effective  on  21  August  2009. 
The board considered it prudent to simplify the Pan African Group structure by acquiring 
the entire issued share capital of Barberton Mines, and in doing so:
•   signifi cantly  increasing  the  attributable  gold  ounces  to  Pan  African  to  approximately 

100,000 oz per year; and

•   terminating the shareholders’ agreement that existed at Barberton Mines level.

On 26 June 2009, Metorex announced that it had engaged in a sale of shares exercise to 
dispose  of  its  53.37%  shareholding  in  Pan African.  In  addition  to  its  21%  shareholding  in 
Pan African issued via the share exchange transaction detailed above, Shanduka purchased an 
additional 5% of the enlarged share capital of Pan African through the sale of shares exercise. 
As a result, Shanduka increased its shareholding in Pan African to 26%. The balance of the 
shares sold by Metorex was taken up by institutional investors. 

On 1 July 2009, the Company announced that Barberton Mines had cancelled the Metorex 
management agreement for a consideration of £0.34 million. The outstanding consideration of 
£954,759 to acquire 100% of Phoenix Platinum was paid to Metorex on 30 September 2009.

Illegal mining activity
We  are  pleased  to  report  that  the  pro-active  approach  to  the  illegal  mining  problem  at 
Barberton  Mines  has  signifi cantly  reduced  illegal  mining  activity  in  terms  of  both  intensity 
and severity. 

By appointing a dedicated executive, reporting directly to the CEO on this issue, an enabling 
environment has been created, which has resulted in a signifi cant increase in gold production 
at  the  mine.  Signifi cant  progress  has  also  been  made  in  engaging  all  stakeholders  in  the 
surrounding community (including Government) to combat this problem.

Despite our success, we need to remain vigilant. Our security effort has come at signifi cant 
cost. Security costs for the fi nancial year have increased by 237.50% to £2.7 million (2009: 
£0.8 million). Our focus in the coming fi nancial year will therefore be to not compromise 
our  current  position,  whilst  at  the  same  time  reducing  security  expenditure  by  25.93% 
to £2.0 million. This will be achieved through: (a) making use of new advances in security 
technology, (b) increasing perimeter controls, (c) a new approach to security management 
with special reference to contractors and (d) seeking the co-operation of all stakeholders.

The future
We  believe  that  the  bedrock  of  a  storm  proof  house  is  a  strong  foundation. We  further 
believe that the building of such a house is a process and not an event, and that the process 
requires a systematic approach. Building a mining house is no different and, therefore, let us 
refl ect on our foundation as it currently stands:
•   Strong  operational  management  team  that  continues  to  deliver  strong  operational 

performance;

•   Experienced project development team; 
•  Experienced board that ensures the requisite technical and fi nancial controls are in place;
•  High quality assets with low-cost base and signifi cant upside potential;
•  Strong Statement of Financial Position that allows a platform for further growth; and
•  Strategic alignment to Shanduka in terms of sustainable growth.

16

“We have laid the 
foundation to 
build Pan African 
into a signifi cant 
mining house”

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How has our approach translated into shareholder value? Allow the numbers to speak for 
themselves:
•  Increase in profi t after tax over three years of 91.32%;
•  Increase in HEPS over three years of 109.80%;
•  Increase in underground gold production over three years of 18.25%;
•  Decrease in serious accident rate over three years of 64.52%;
•  Increase in capital expenditure over three years of 103.95%;
•  Increase in measured and indicated resource over three years of 58.00%;
•   Acquisition of Barberton Mines for less than US$200/oz at current prevailing gold price of 

US$1,200/oz;

•   Acquisition of near term CTRP business for less than US$140/oz at current prevailing 
  4 PGM basket price of US$1,350/oz; and
•  Cash in bank growing by 435.56% and no debt.

Our  turnaround,  from  loss-making  explorer  to  a  profi table  gold  producer  (which  soon 
will  also  yield  platinum  production)  has  taken  only  three  years,  against  the  backdrop  of  a 
challenging global environment. Getting the basics right, fi nding a better way, facing adversity 
with guts and courage and our drive to shape the future of mining is our recipe for success. 
Our focus on high margins, good returns and value accretive growth is what sets us apart 
from our peers and will enable us to continue to pay dividends.

Our success is the result of a team effort and the continued support and patience from our 
shareholders. The foundation is solid and we are now able to take advantage of major growth 
opportunities to build Pan African into a signifi cant mining house.

As refl ected by our chairman, the interesting times in which we live have forced us to push 
harder and perform better. I am proud to lead a team that has shown that it excels in such 
circumstances. 

Thank you again to our shareholders for your support, trust and patience.

JP Nelson
Chief Executive Offi cer
30 August 2010

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

17

 
Mining Operations: Barbert on Mines

Nelspruit

(cid:48)(cid:68)lel(cid:68)(cid:81)e

(cid:46)(cid:68)(cid:68)pmui(cid:71)e(cid:81)

Ne(cid:90) (cid:38)(cid:82)(cid:81)s(cid:82)(cid:1323) (cid:48)i(cid:81)e

N(cid:82)(cid:82)r(cid:71)e(cid:78)(cid:68)(cid:68)p

(cid:54)(cid:75)eb(cid:68) (cid:48)i(cid:81)e

(cid:37)(cid:68)(cid:85)(cid:69)(cid:72)(cid:1323)(cid:82)(cid:81)

(cid:41)(cid:68)ir(cid:89)ie(cid:90) (cid:48)i(cid:81)e

16%

16%

Bulembu

Piggs 
Pe(cid:68)(cid:78)

0

(cid:21)0(cid:78)m

(cid:41)(cid:82)r(cid:69)es (cid:53)ee(cid:73)

(cid:44)(cid:81)ter

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er

Legend:
Mining Licence
Prospecting Right
National Road
Regional Road
Railway
Barberton 
Greenstone Belt

Name  

Location  

Status  

Barbert on Mines

 Mpumalanga province 

(South Africa)

Gold producer

Holding company 

Pan African (100% stake)

Controlling company  Pan African

Geological sett ing 

 Sediments and metavolcanics 

within the Barbert on 

greenstone belt

Products mined  

Gold

Actual production  

• Tons per annum: 315Kt

• Grade (head grade): 10g/t

• Content per annum: 100Koz

Ongoing capex  

£5.9 million per annum

Extraction method 

BIOX®/CIL

LOM  

15 years

Key management  

 Executive: Mining: 

Mario Gericke

 General Manager: 

Casper Strydom 

 Sustainability and Diversity:

Thandeka Ncube 

Safety, health and environment
The  number  of  lost  time  injuries  and  serious  injuries  reduced  during  the  year  compared 
to  2009  and  resulted  in  improved  accident  rates  of  4.20  and  1.10,  respectively 
(2009:  6.4  and  1.7).  However,  the  lost  day  severity  rate  showed  an  increase  for  the  year, 
which is an indication of the increase of the severity of injuries experienced. In March 2010 
one  employee  lost  his  life  as  a  result  of  a  fall  of  ground  incident  at  the  Fairview  section. 
The  Company  deeply  regrets  the  fatality  and  remains  committed  to  the  zero  accidents 
philosophy that has been integral to safety management at the mine.

18

 
 
 
 
The Company remains committed to:
•   the improvement of health and safety performance through the setting and achievement 
of goals, taking into account stakeholder expectations and industry leading practices;
•   the implementation of systems to provide a working environment that is conducive to 

good health and safety; and

•   the management of risks in the workplace and ensuring that employees have the relevant 

skills to perform work-related tasks in a safe manner.

Production summary 

2010* 

2009* 

2008* 

 2007** 

2006**

Tons milled 

Headgrade 

Overall recovery 

Production: underground 

Production: calcine dump 

Gold sold 

(t) 

 313,167  

 313,952  

 315,305  

 330,367  

 313,779 

(g/t) 

(%) 

(oz) 

(oz) 

(oz) 

 10.61  

 10.32  

 91  

 91  

 8.90  

 91  

 9.20  

 10.70 

 92  

 92 

 97,483  

 94,909  

 82,436  

 90,022  

 99,281 

 –  

 3,955  

 13,513  

 –  

 – 

 98,091  

 97,353  

 99,078  

 89,572  

 99,924 

Average price: spot 

(R/kg) 

 267,876  

 251,740  

 193,159  

 148,151  

 108,644 

Average price: hedge 

(R/kg) 

 –  

 –  

 105,850  

 96,067  

 90,125 

Average price: spot 

(US$/oz) 

 1,098  

Average price: hedge 

US$/oz) 

Total cash cost US$/oz sold  (US$/oz) 

 –  

 650  

 867  

 –  

 469  

 823  

 451  

 476  

 640  

 415  

 465  

 528 

 438 

 429 

Total cash cost R/kg sold 

(R/kg) 

 158,711  

 136,178  

 111,272  

 107,656  

 88,177 

Total cost per ton 

Total mining cost per ton 

(R/t) 

(R/t) 

 1,537  

 1,486  

 1,313  

 1,256  

 1,088  

 1,045  

 908  

 858  

 873 

 833 

Capital expenditure 

(£)   5,918,271    4,052,665    2,901,792    1,637,359    1,091,965 

Exchange rate – average 

(ZAR/£) 

Exchange rate – closing 

(ZAR/£) 

Exchange rate – average (ZAR/US$) 

Exchange rate – closing  (ZAR/US$) 

 11.93  

 11.53  

 7.59  

 7.65  

 14.39  

 12.66  

 9.03  

 7.72  

 14.68  

 15.56  

 7.30  

 7.80  

 13.95  

 14.18  

 7.20  

 7.00  

 n/a 

 n/a 

 6.40 

 7.20 

*  Post-reverse acquisition of Barberton Mines
** Pre-reverse acquisition of Barberton Mines

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19

 
 
 
 
Mining Operations: Barbert on Mines cont.

Capital expenditure 
Organic growth projects

Key  Project 

I  
II  

Sheba – 35 ZK decline  
Sheba – Edwin Bray, Thomas 
and Joe’s Luck area  
Fairview – 60/62 level development  

III  
IV   Fairview – 3 shaft deepening  

V   Consort – 40 level exploration  

drive 

VI   Consort – 50 level decline west  
VII   Consort – 37 Inter-level  

exploration drive

slipping) 
29  

(station

break-away
out of shaft) 
100 
97 

Year ended  

Year ended 

30 Jun 10 (m)   30 Jun 09 (m)  

Potential
resource
target (oz) 

140 

69 

5,000

1,056 
642 
36  

740 
817 
Equipping 

(equivalent 

and cleaning

complete 
– 

15,000
203,000
350,000

10,000

224 
– 

30,000
–

I) Sheba – 35 ZK decline
Shaft sinking has been completed up to 36 level and horizontal development has commenced. 
The  hanging  wall  contact  was  intersected  and  development  on  this  contact  towards  the 
cross-fractures is underway.

II) Sheba – Edwin Bray, Thomas and Joe’s Luck area
Good  development  rates  were  achieved  during  the  fi nancial  year  with  the  haulage 
development reaching its destination. The return airway must still be completed.

Exploration drilling will re-commence to delineate the full extent of the Thomas fracture.

III) Fairview – 60/62 level development
This capital project has been completed with most employees being moved to the 3 shaft 
capital project. Normal stoping operations have now started in this area.

IV) Fairview – 3 Shaft deepening
The  cleaning  of  the  shaft  up  to  64  level  has  been  completed  and  widening  of  the  shaft 
between 62 and 64 level progressed well. At the end of the fi nancial year approximately 15m 
of widening remained. Thereafter solid bottom sinking will commence.

V) Consort – 40 level exploration drive
40 Level station was developed off PC Shaft. Equipping of this level will commence in the 
new fi nancial year followed by the development of an exploration drive.

VI) Consort – 50 level decline west
Sinking  progressed  to  within  a  few  metres  from  establishing  the  second  station  landing.
The focus for the new fi nancial year will be to complete the decline down to the third and 
fi nal level, where after horizontal development will commence on all three levels.

20

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

21

 
 
Mining Operations: Barbert on Mines cont.

VII) Consort – 37 inter-level exploration drive
Excellent progress was made with the development on 37 inter-level and planned advances 
were achieved. Exploration drilling has commenced.

Maintenance capital
The  capital  expenditure  on  maintenance  of  the  processing  plants  at  Barberton  Mines 
amounted to £190,813 for the year, as a result of the upgrade to the plant fl otation section 
and  installation  of  new  Jameson  cells  at  the  Sheba  section.  Work  commenced  on  the 
extension of the tailings dam at the Fairview section of Barberton Mines and this work is 
planned to be completed over a two-year period. This expenditure for the year under review 
amounted to £440,550. The installation cost for a water treatment plant at Consort, for the 
treatment of excess water from the process plant and tailing dams, amounted to £110,719 
for the year.

The capital expenditure in the BIOX® plant situated at Fairview included the refurbishment 
of a number of the secondary tank reactors, the procurement of critical spares for the plant 
and the installation of a new BIOX® water treatment circuit. The expenditure on the BIOX® 
plant amounted to £214,050 for the year under review.

The capital expenditure on the maintenance of the engineering equipment and infrastructure 
totalled £985,478 for the year. The re-building of the load haul dump units (“LHDs”) was 
a key focus area, to upgrade the mining equipment fl eet, and £261,504 was spent on this 
activity during the year. The rehabilitation of shafts and headgears at the mine amounted to 
£110,244. The replacement of skips, cages and bridles, together with the upgrading of shaft 
safety devices and the installation of hydraulic shaft loading facilities, amounted to £217,795. 
At Sheba the conversion of four battery locos and the procurement of an all-terrain forklift 
and maintenance vehicle amounted to £79,066. Expenditure at all three sections of the mine 
on power factor correction and solar heating amounted to £120,170. The replacement of 
obsolete compressors with modern, more effi cient units and the upgrade of pumping and 
reticulation systems amounted to £128,045 for the year. 

The installation of a new 250kW booster fan and further upgrades to improve the ventilation 
fl ows  at  Fairview  and  Sheba  required  £155,228  in  capital  expenditure. The  procurement 
of  additional  self-contained  self-rescuers,  required  for  Barberton  Mines  to  comply  with 
current legal requirements, resulted in £104,225 expenditure. The combined expenditure on 
maintenance totalled £2.9 million for Barberton Mines for the year.

Barbert on Mines Mineral Resource inventory as at 30 June 2010 
Mineral Reserves 
classifi cation(kt) 

  Mineral Resources 
classifi cation 

Grade  Contained 
(g/t)   gold (kg) 

Tons 
(kt) 

 Grade Contained 
(g/t)   gold (kg) 

(koz) 

Tons 

315  Measured 
315 
346 
346 

Total measured 
Indicated 
Total indicated 
Inferred 
Total inferred 
Total mineral
resource 

 5,280 
 5,280 
4,159 
4,159 
2,331 
2,331 

 5.91 
 5.91 
6.09 
 5.91 
7.50 
5.91 

31,181 
31,181 
 25,331 
25,331 
17,489 
17,489 

(koz)

1,003
1,003
814
814
562
562

 11,770 

6.29 

74,001 

2,379

Proven 
Total proven 
Probable 
Total probable 

1,418 
1,418 
900 
900 

 6.91 
 6.91 
 11.97 
 11.97 

9,795 
9,795 
10,777 
10,777 

Total proven and  
probable 

2,318 

 8.87 

20,572 

 661 

22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Barbert on Mines – Key focus areas
1.   SHEC – Complete the implementation of the integrated safety, health and environment 

management system, custom built for the operation to ensure continuous improvement 

in the areas of safety, health and environment management and continue playing a leading 

role in community and social development in the Barberton area.

2.   Volume, value and quality – Focus on safe and steady state production that strives towards 

the achievement of the planned ore tonnages, development advances, grades, recoveries 

and cost control measures.

3.   Productivity – Benchmark the operation to similar operations in the industry and identify 

and implement means of improving productivity at the mine.

4.   MRM – Continue the implementation of the integrated MRM system aimed at improving 

fl exibility in terms of grade management and increasing the LOM of Barberton to 20 years.

5.   Transformation  –  Implementing  a  plan  to  achieve  the  required  empowerment  targets 

set out by Government, whilst enhancing our skills base and continuing improvements in 

productivity.

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

23

 
 
Near Term Production: Phoenix Platinum

(cid:53)(cid:88)(cid:86)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:69)(cid:88)(cid:85)(cid:74)

terkstroom

S

M

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a

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e

Brits

R 5 6 6

R

511

R
24

’

5
4
°
5
2

R
30

AQPSA
Samancor Millsell Mine

Xstrata Kroondal Mine

Middelkraal
Dam

Elandskraal dumps and pits

N4

Kroondal dump

(cid:44)(cid:41)(cid:48)(cid:3)(cid:80)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:74)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:68)

(cid:37)(cid:88)(cid:1361)(cid:72)(cid:79)(cid:86)(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:72)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:3)(cid:39)(cid:68)(cid:80)(cid:86)(cid:3)(cid:68)(cid:81)(cid:71)(cid:3)(cid:38)(cid:88)(cid:85)(cid:85)(cid:72)(cid:81)(cid:87)(cid:3)(cid:36)(cid:85)(cid:76)(cid:86)(cid:76)(cid:81)(cid:74)(cid:86)

(cid:37)(cid:68)(cid:83)(cid:82)(cid:81)(cid:74)

N4

2
1
5
R

IFM

N4

IFM surface area

Mooinooi

Planned Phoenix CTRP location

Hartebeespoort Dam

Olifantsnek
Dam

Buffelspoort 
Dam

0

5km

2
1
5
R

Legend:
Rivers
Dams
Towns
Roads
Railway
Powerlines
Protected Natural Environment
Active Mines
Other Tailings Re-treatment Facilities
Project Boundaries

27°15’

27°30’

27°45’

Name  

Location  

Status  

 The Phoenix Platinum processing project

Nort h-West province (South Africa)

Final feasibility

Holding company 

Phoenix Platinum

Controlling company  Pan African (100% ownership)

Geological sett ing 

 Chrome tailings discards from chrome seam mining in 

Products mined  

 Platinum (56.5%), Palladium (27%), Rhodium (16%) 

the Bushveld Igneous Complex

Forecast production  

• Tons per annum: 240,000t

and Gold (0.5%)

• Grade**: 3.52g/t

•  Content per annum: 12,222oz 

(PGM 4Es) @ 45% recovery

Project capex  

£8.5 million

Extraction method 

CTRP: Concentrator/fl ot ation plant

LOM  

17 years

Key management  

Operations Manager: Ron Holding

 Metallurgical Consultant: Karishma Sewpersad 

*   Metal split indicated from metallurgical test work.
**  Production  Headgrade  differs  to  the Average  Resource  grade  due  to  the  effect  of  selective  mining  and 

screening-off of coarse low grade material during the processing of tailings.

Project summary
Production 
per year 

Tons 
(kt) 

Headgrade 
(g/t) 

Ounces  Working costs 
(US$/oz) 

(koz) 

Life of mine

(years) 

PGMs (4Es)* 

240  

3.52*  

12.2  

400**  

17 

*   Production  Headgrade  differs  to  the Average  Resource  grade  due  to  the  effect  of  selective  mining  and 

screening-off of coarse low grade material during the processing of tailings.
** The ZAR:US$ exchange rate used to calculated the US$/oz working cost is 7.59.

Phoenix schedule milestones achievements 
for the period under consideration
Key event 

Achievement  

Completion date 

Engineering design 

Resource statement 

CTRP site negotiation 
Metallurgical test work  

Process fl ow design  
Detail engineering design  
Initial resource verifi cation  
Upgrading to resource CPR  
Exclusivity and agreed terms  
Metallurgical CPR and process design criteria  

May 2010 
Jun 2010 
Dec 2010 
May 2010 
Feb 2010 
Jan 2010 

24

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Phoenix schedule milestones objectives for 2010/11
Target date 
Key event 

Objective 

Comments

CTRP site negotiation 
Final capital expenditure 

Project review 

Commence construction 
Production start up 

Conclude CTRP site negotiations 
Detail engineering design 
Capital estimate 
Conclude execution agreement 
Independent overall review 
of the Phoenix Project 
Site establishment 
Commissioning of the CTRP 

Sep 2010 
July 2010 
Aug 2010 
Sep 2010 
Sep 2010 

2nd half 2010 
2nd half 2011

Formal agreement with IFM
Site dependent
Site dependent
Final negotiations
Venmyn Rand (Pty) Limited
to complete
Earth works and civil engineering

*   The above indicated project timeline is subject to management’s ability to conclude the preferred plant location agreement with IFM. An alternative site is 

available but would however lead to a delay of 18 months in the production timeline.

Phoenix Platinum resource estimation
The Company is also pleased to report a South African Code for Reporting of Exploration 
Results, Mineral Resources and Mineral Reserves (“SAMREC”) compliant Platinum Group 
Elements  (“PGE”)  (4E:  platinum,  palladium,  rhodium  and  gold)  Mineral  Resource  for  the 
Phoenix Platinum project of 469,000 4Eoz (4.64Mt @3.15g/t). 

Previously the Group reported the Mineral Resource inventory as tailing feedstock volumes, 
which at the time was estimated at 4.3Mt grading at between 1.1g/t and 4.18g/t, yielding a 
total of 360Koz 4E. Subsequently, the Company geostatistically remodelled all resources at 
Phoenix Platinum.

Of the total Mineral Resource 33.00% is located as surface sources (935Kt @ 2.45g/t) and 
67.00% (1,277 Kt @ 3.66g/t) as current arisings.

Current feasibility work indicates a LOM of 17 years, producing an estimate of 12,222oz 4E 
per annum.

The total resource is summarised below:

Phoenix Platinum summary tot al resource 
(100% att ributable to Pan African)

Area 

Category 

Volume (m³) 

Tons 

Grade  
(4E) (g/t) 

Kilos  Ounces
 (4E)
 (4E) 

All  
All  
All  
Total 

Measured 
Indicated 
Inferred 

1,535,000  3,224,000 
618,000 
804,000 
2,211,000  4,646,000 

294,000 
382,000 

3.09 
3.20 
3.33 
3.15 

9,975 
1,977 
2,672 
14,624 

321,000
63,000
85,000
469,000

The resource statement has been compiled in accordance with SAMREC. The verifi cation 
and validation of the data and the information contained in this announcement was managed 
by Martin Bevelander, Group Consulting Geologist for Pan African, who is accredited with the 
South African Council for Natural Scientifi c Professions (“SACNASP”).

The services of the following independent consultants and experts were secured to assist 
and support this process:
•   Sampling and Drilling: Plat-Tau Mining Services (Pty) Limited, Gold Mine Sand and Slime 

Dams Drillers CC and Dump and Dune (Pty) Limited;

•   Assaying,  mineralogy  and  metallurgical  test  work:  Mintek  and  SGS  Lakefi eld  Resources 

Africa (Pty) Limited;

•   Geological modelling and data conversion for the resources: Geologix MRC (Pty) Limited, 
a South African resources and geological consultancy. Deon van den Heever is accredited 
with SACNASP; and

•   Metallicon  Process  Consulting  (Pty)  Limited:  Michael Valenta  is  a  Professional  Engineer 
registered with the Engineering Council of South Africa (ECSA) and on the International 
Register of Professional Engineers as specifi ed under the Washington Accord.

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

25

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Growth Project: Manica

Tanzania

Lake Malawi

Zambia

Malawi

Lake Cahora 
Bassa

Tete
Zam

bezi

Manica Project

Quelimane

Harare

Mutare

we

Chimolo

Beira

Inhambane

a

Xai-Xai

Maputo

Legend:
Rivers
Lakes
Cities
Roads
Railway

Swaziland

0

600km

Name  

Location  

Status  

The Manica gold project

Manica province (Mozambique)

Pre-feasibility

Holding company 

Explorator Limitada

Pemba

Controlling company  Pan African (100% ownership)

Geological sett ing 

Sediments and metavolcanics 

within the Odzi-Mutare-Manica  

greenstone belt

Products mined  

Gold

Forecast production 

• Tons per annum 410,000t

(only oxide material)  • Grade 2,36g/t

• Content per annum 30,000oz

Estimated capital cost  £48.58 million per annum

Extraction method 

BIOX®/CIL

LOM (includes  

 Pre-feasibility design indicates 

sulphide material) 

11 years at 80,000oz gold per annum 

(heap-leach and underground

mining option)

Key management  

Project Manager: Mario Gericke

Metallurgical Consultant: 

Karishma Sewpersad 

Project summary
Key events 2010 

Date completed 

Mineral Resource modelling  
Metallurgical test work 

Feb 2010 
June 2010  

Cost

£33,849
£27,875

Strategic review
The Company’s objective of defi ning a Mineral Resource greater than 2 million oz contained 
gold was achieved during the fi nal geological modelling completed in February 2010 where a 
total in situ Mineral Resource of 2.57 million oz contained gold was achieved. 

The viability of the project is presently being investigated by applying a phased approach in 
which the oxide mining potential will be the fi rst phase followed by a mining option focusing 
on the sulphide bearing portion of the Fairbride project. This prefeasibility level study will 
be complete in October 2010, after which its viability will be assessed prior to continuing 
to full defi nitive feasibility level study. Metallurgical work to date indicated that a heap leach 
philosophy  was  technically  unviable  and  confi rmed  that  recoveries  of  gold  in  the  oxide 
part of the Fairbride orebody is satisfactory to warrant classical carbon in leach technology. 
Metallurgical test work continues while mine, engineering and plant design is investigated and 
costed. The outcome of the pre-feasibility study for this oxide mining option will be available 
in December 2010. 

26

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Project schedule
Key events 

Completion date 

Cost estimate

Metallurgical test work 
Mine design 
Plant design 
Engineering design 
Environmental impact assessment  
Completion of pre-feasibility 

October 2010  
November 2010 
November 2010  
November 2010  
June 2011 
December 2010 

£33,185
£33,185
£53,096
£53,096
£26,548
£46,459

Current risks identifi ed are as follows:
Risk
Capital cost of the oxide-focused initiative, associated fi nancial modelling results and size of 
available oxide resource to support the initiative.

The  prospecting  licence  expires  on  20  October  2010  and  Government  has  been 
approached to convert the current prospecting licence into a mining licence. The response 
from the Mozambique Government has been extremely positive and management would be 
presenting their plans during September 2010 and would expect conversion by 20 October 
2010.

Probability 
Medium to high if more oxide material is identifi ed. 

Effect of inability to manage this risk
Should fi nancial viability prove negative it would require an additional exploration programme 
to  defi ne  more  oxide  resources  at  Manica  or  enter  into  a  joint  venture  with  other  gold 
players in the region to consolidate a suffi ciently large resource base to ensure economic 
viability. 

Management’s current approach to remediate
Optimally  apply  all  technical  expertise  to  designing  a  technical  and  capital  cost-effective 
design to the mining option.

In  the  backdrop  of  engineering,  design  and  costing  conduct  investigations  with  respect  to 
other resources in the Manica valley, investigating possible synergies.

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

27

 
 
New Business

Strategy
As part of its growth strategy, Pan African’s focus is on identifying and evaluating gold and 
platinum  projects  in  Africa  that  are  at  an  advanced  exploration  stage  (JORC/SAMREC 
Resource  declared,  ready  for  Pre-Feasibility  Study)  or  further  advanced  (at  Bankable 
Feasibility Study, Mine Development and Construction, or Production stage). See Time-Value 
Curve on page 29.

Main target areas are the known Wits/Archean/Birimian-type gold belts of west and southern 
Africa,  with  further  focus  on  projects  with  a  robust  resource/reserve  base  that  can  be 
developed and mined at low cost, yielding high margins and with signifi cant opportunity for 
long-term growth. Specifi c countries are indicated on the New Business Target Areas map 
on the next page.

Process
Targets are identifi ed on the basis of grade, audited ounces in the ground, size and type of 
orebody, and mineability. Other fi lters applied include economic and political risk as well as 
level of services and infrastructure.

Once  a  project  has  passed  through  the  strategic  fi lters,  a  desktop  study  is  carried  out, 
culminating  in  a  fi nancial  model  indicating  the  project  worth  (NPV,  IRR,  Pay-back,  etc). 
A business case is then presented to the Pan African board, before a full due diligence is 
undertaken. 

Target
(Project, 
Company, 
mine)

Filter 1*

Desktop 
study
(Initial 
fi nancial 
model)

Filter 2**

Detailed 
review
(technical 
and 
fi nancial)

Recommendation

Filter 1*: Type/size/grade of orebody; economic/political risk; infrastructure/services. 

Filter 2**: NPV; IRR; other fi nancial parameters.

Project summary
The  focus  during  the  2010  fi nancial  year  was  gold  and  platinum  group  metal  projects  in 
Southern Africa and within South African borders.

The following table summarises the number of projects reviewed in 2010, listed per country:

Country 

Projects reviewed 

Desktop study completed 

Further action

Burkina Faso 
Cote d’Ivoire 
Ghana 
Senegal 
Zambia 
Mozambique 
South Africa 
Tanzania 
Zimbabwe 
Other 
Total  

2 
1 
2 
1 
1 
1 
21 
1 
12 
1 
43 

 – 
– 
 – 
 – 
 – 
– 
9 
1 
 – 
 – 
10 

–
 –
 –
 –
 –
– 
8
 –
 –
–
8

28

Map showing countries that the Group is reviewing 
for furt her growth opport unities

a
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A

t
s
e
W

Mauritania

Senegal

Mali

Niger

Gambia

Guinea Bissau

Guinea

Sierra Leone

Liberia

Burkina Faso
Benin

Togo

Ivory Coast Ghana

Equator

Atlantic Ocean

a
c
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f
A
n
r
e
h
u
o
S

t

0

1,000km

Time value curve

Tanzania

Mozambique

Zambia

Namibia

B(cid:1318)swana

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Zimbabwe

South 
Africa

Indian Ocean

Grassroot 
exploration

Advanced
exploration

Scoping 
study

Production

Target group

e
u
l
a
V

e
c
n
a
s
s
i
a
n
n
o
c
e
R

n
o
i
t
a
r
e
n
e
g

t
e
g
r
a
T

s
t
e
g
r
a
t

l
l
i
r

D

g
n

i
l
l
i
r
d

n
o
i
t
i
n
fi 
e
D

y
t
i
l
i

b
i
s
a
e
f
-
e
r
P

S
F
B

n
o
i
t
c
u
r
t
s
n
o
C

Time

i

g
n
n
M

i

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

29

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Store of  Gold and Platinum

Within Pan African there resides a committed philosophy that a detailed understanding of the 
geology undoubtedly contributes to the optimal extraction of our mineral resource. From this 
standpoint it is clear that “the economic graded mineral envelope dictates” how and what we 
mine. During the 2010 fi nancial year Pan African embarked on an aggressive MRM (“Mineral 
Resource  Management”)  initiative,  which  focused  on  an  integrated  MRM  framework. The 
initiative is designed to integrate and focus the Geological, Survey and Mine planning functions on 
the operations toward maximising the value of the residing orebodies. This is done by ensuring 
consistency and integrity in reporting, to continue to pursue value add through exploration, and 
sustain delivery through organic growth from within the operations.

Strategy
The key operational focus is to integrate all intellectual capital and technical data in order to 
enhance the Mineral Resource confi dence and volume, which results in an improved LOM to 
the operations. The MRM framework developed and implemented hinges on integrated areas 
of responsibility, necessitating a common approach and leading to a team-based interaction. 
Previously independent technical departments made way for an integrated, commonly focused 
MRM function, led by the newly appointed Mineral Resource Manager, a Mining Engineer with 
15 years’ diverse experience in production, project development as well as MRM.

Further to the above framework having been implemented, the Group rolled out a Mineral 
Resource Optimiser system. This system is a computer-based tool developed to analyse and 
subsequently assist in optimising the mining of the resource in such a way that long-term 
fi nancial returns are maximised. The optimiser utilises alternative methodology to the existing 
pay limit methodology and offers a number of advantages: 
•  The unique statistical properties of the specifi c orebody are taken into account;
•   It eliminates the need for adjustments and unpay mining;
•   It  allows  for  a  scientifi c  basis  to  determine  the  grade  to  operate  at  and  maximise 

operational returns;

•   It provides a tool to manage the mining mix and prevents high grading or sterilisation of 

resource blocks – optimising resource extractions and LOM; and

•   It further allows for better planning with respect to development of mineral resource blocks.

Pan African will during the 2011 fi nancial year continue its drive towards MRM excellence 
through improving geological understanding, data recording quality and to focus on ensuring 
sustainability through appropriately focused exploration targets. 

During  the  2010  fi nancial  year  the  MRM  department  completed  the  investigation  of  all 
mineral resource blocks lying in historically mined out areas. From this study certain areas 
of priority have been identifi ed, which will be targeted for opening up. Figures 1 and 2 on 
pages 31 and 32 are vertical projections of the operations outlining these results.

All  Mineral  Resource  blocks  on  the  mine  were  classifi ed  based  on  availability,  assisting  in 
scheduling and prioritising blocks for mining and preparation for mining.

In  summary,  the  changes  made  to  the  MRM  approach  at  Barberton  Mines  resulted  in  the 
following:
•  Implementation of a new MRM framework;
•  Integration of MRM technical team;
•   Re-focused  on-mine  exploration  towards  upgrading  Mineral  Resources  to  Measured 

Resource category; 

•  Appointment of a Mineral Resource Manager; and
•   Completion of Airborne Geophysical survey over prospecting permit area – interpretation 

initiated.

As  a  result  of  the  above  the  Barberton  Mines  Mineral  Resource  inventory  posted  the 
following improvements for 2010:
•   Increased Barberton Mines Mineral Reserve by 42, 000oz contained gold;
•   Increased Barberton Mines Measured Mineral Resource by 187, 000oz contained gold;
•   Increased Barberton Mines Indicated Mineral Resource by 237, 000oz contained gold; and
•   Increased Barberton Mines Inferred Mineral Resource by 59, 000oz contained gold.

30

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32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Barbert on Mines 
Mineral Resources and Ore Reserves 2010 – general
As at 30 March 2010, Barberton Mines reported a Mineral Reserve of 661,000oz and Mineral 
Resource of 2,379,000oz contained gold. The Measured and Indicated Mineral Resources are 
inclusive of those Resources modifi ed to produce the Mineral Reserves. Reserves are reported 
as mill delivered tonnes at the grade recovered having duly considered all modifying factors.

Commodity prices used
A gold price of US$1, 036.78/oz was used for the conversion of Mineral Resources to ore 
reserves at an exchange rate of ZAR7.5/US$ resulting in a gold price of ZAR250, 000/kg.

Barbert on Mines mineral inventory – 30 June 2010
Grade  Contained 
Mineral reserves 
(g/t)  gold (kg) 
classifi cation  

  Mineral resources 
classifi cation 

Tons 
(kt) 

(koz) 

Proven 
Total proven 
Probable 
Total probable 

1,418 
1,418 
900 
900 

6.91 
6.91 
11.97 
11.97 

9,795 
9,795 
10,777 
10,777 

Total proven  
and probable 

2,318 

8.87 

20,572 

661 

315  Measured 
315 
346 
346 

Total measured 
Indicated 
Total indicated 
Inferred 
Total inferred 
Total mineral
resource 

Tons 
(kt) 

Grade Contained 
(g/t)  gold (kg) 

 5,280 
 5,280 
4,159 
4,159 
2,331 
2,331 

5.91 
5.91 
6.09 
5.91 
7.50 
5.91 

31,181 
31,181 
25,331 
25,331 
 17,489 
 17,489 

(koz)

1,003
1,003
814
814
562
562

11,770 

6.29 

74,001 

2,379

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Mineral Resources for Pan African are signed off by Martin Bevelander, the Group Consulting 
Geologist. He is SACNASP accredited and is responsible for validating all Mineral Resource 
estimation  procedures  within  the  Group. The  reported  Mineral  Resource  Statements  are 
SAMREC  compliant  and  the  Resource  numbers  in  the  Mineral  Resource  and  Mineral 
Reserve tables have been rounded to refl ect the appropriate level of confi dence. Gold and 
platinum inventories are reported separately. Mineral Reserves are reported as subsets of 
Mineral Resources. 

Barbert on Mines Mineral Resource reconciliation: 
2009 to 2010
Summary comment on Mineral Resource movement 
Year-on-year,  Barberton  Mines  Mineral  Resources  had  a  positive  variance  of  364,000oz 
contained gold. This was mainly as a result of recent exploration drilling and development 
intersections  confi rming  depth  extensions  on  the  Fairview  lower  levels.  Further  to  the 
increase in inventory, residue dumps previously not in inventory have been brought in. Lastly, 
the  Royal  Sheba  section  was  geologically  remodelled,  enhancing  the  2009  inventory  by  a 
further 148,000oz contained gold to 508,000oz contained gold. 

Summary comment on Mineral Reserve movement 
There was a year-on-year positive variance of 43,000oz with respect to the Mineral Reserves. 
As indicated in the table below, Barberton Mines’ ore reserves as at 30 June 2010 refl ected 
a year-on-year depletion of 96,000 oz.

Mineral Resource reconciliation: 2009 to 2010

Gold (kg) 

Gold (koz)

Balance as at March 2009 
Mined during 2010 
Addition 

 62,672  
 2,259  
 13,589  

 74,002  
Balance as at March 2010 
 11,330  
Variance 
* This fi gure does not include other sources of ore such as ramping and/or pillar mining.

 2,015 
 73* 
437 

 2,379 
364 

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Group Mineral Resource Statement cont.

Mineral Reserve reconciliation: 2009 to 2010

Balance as at March 2009 
Mined during 2010 
Addition 
Balance as at March 2010 
Variance 

Gold (kg) 

Gold (koz)

19,214 
2,986 
4,343 
20,572 
1,357 

618
96
140
661
44

Mineral Reserve sensitivity
The  graph  below  illustrates  ore  reserve  sensitivities  to  a  changing  gold  price  below  and 
above ZAR275 000/kg:

(cid:51)(cid:86)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:86)(cid:73)(cid:87)(cid:73)(cid:86)(cid:90)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:87)(cid:73)(cid:82)(cid:87)(cid:77)(cid:88)(cid:77)(cid:90)(cid:77)(cid:88)(cid:77)(cid:73)(cid:87)

Tonnage grade curve (face values) - Fairview Mine

700

680

660

640

620

600

580

560

540

2, 500, 000

2, 000, 000

1, 500, 000

e
g
a
n
n
o
T

1, 000, 000

500, 000

0

12

10

8

6

4

2

0

(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:3)(cid:12)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:13)

(cid:14)

(cid:62)(cid:37)(cid:54)(cid:22)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:20) (cid:62)(cid:37)(cid:54)(cid:22)(cid:22)(cid:25)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:20) (cid:62)(cid:37)(cid:54)(cid:22)(cid:25)(cid:20)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:20) (cid:62)(cid:37)(cid:54)(cid:22)(cid:27)(cid:25)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:20) (cid:62)(cid:37)(cid:54)(cid:23)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:20) (cid:62)(cid:37)(cid:54)(cid:23)(cid:22)(cid:25)(cid:16)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:20)

(cid:75)(cid:19)(cid:88)

(cid:75)(cid:83)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:83)(cid:94)(cid:3)(cid:12)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:20)(cid:13)

(cid:25)(cid:29)(cid:27)

(cid:75)(cid:19)(cid:88)

(cid:21)(cid:20)(cid:18)(cid:21)(cid:23)

(cid:26)(cid:23)(cid:22)

(cid:29)(cid:18)(cid:23)(cid:29)

(cid:26)(cid:26)(cid:21)

(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:28)(cid:27)

(cid:26)(cid:27)(cid:23)

(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:26)(cid:22)

(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:21)

(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:23)(cid:26)

(cid:26)(cid:29)(cid:22)

(cid:28)(cid:18)(cid:23)(cid:21)

(cid:14)(cid:3)(cid:54)(cid:73)(cid:74)(cid:80)(cid:73)(cid:71)(cid:88)(cid:3)(cid:88)(cid:76)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:75)(cid:83)(cid:80)(cid:72)(cid:3)(cid:84)(cid:86)(cid:77)(cid:71)(cid:73)(cid:3)(cid:77)(cid:82)(cid:3)(cid:62)(cid:37)(cid:54)(cid:19)(cid:79)(cid:75)

70.00

60.00

50.00

40.00

30.00

e
d
a
r
G

20.00

10.00

10.00

20.00

30.00

40.00

50.00

60.00

70.00

Grade cut-off

Cum face tons

Cum face grades

Tonnage grade curve (face values) - Sheba Mine

Tonnage grade curve (face values) - Consort Mine

70.00

60.00

50.00

40.00

30.00

e
d
a
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G

e
g
a
n
n
o
T

20.00

10.00

450, 000

400, 000

350, 000

300, 000

250, 000

200, 000

150, 000

100, 000

50, 000

0

40.00

35.00

30.00

25.00

20.00

15.00

10.00

5.00

e
d
a
r
G

10.00

20.00

Cum face tons

Cum face grades

30.00

40.00
Grade cut-off

50.00

60.00

70.00

5.00

10.00

15.00

20.00

25.00

30.00

35.00

40.00

Grade cut-off

Cum face tons

Cum face grades

700, 000

600, 000

500, 000

400, 000

e
g
a
n
n
o
T

300, 000

200, 000

100, 000

0

34

 
 
 
Reserves  metal  fi gures  are  fully  inclusive  of  all  mining  dilutions  and  gold  losses,  and  are 
reported as mill delivered tonnes and head grades. Metallurgical recovery factors have not 
been applied to the reserve fi gures.

Barbert on Mines cut-of f and average grades 
2010 – 2011 business plan
The  in-house  developed  Mineral  Resource  optimiser  tool  was  developed  and  applied  to 
the  mineral  resource  inventory.  Functionally  it  is  based  on  the  concept  of  cut-off  grade 
calculation in order to guide the mine planning process. An optimal cut-off is determined, 
which calculates the lowest grade at which the orebody can be mined, such that the total 
profi ts,  under  a  specifi ed  set  of  mining  parameters,  are  maximised. This  calculation  was 
performed for each major mining area.

Cut-off grades are determined using the optimiser programme which requires the following 
as inputs: 
•  The database inventory of all Mineral Resource blocks; 
•  An assumed gold price – ZAR275,000/kg; 
•  Planned production rates for each; 
•  Mine Call Factor (“MCF”);
•  Plant Recovery Factor (“PRF”); and
•   Planned cash operating costs and other effi ciency factors are calculated using historical 

achievements as a baseline. 

Optimiser cut-off and average grades currently used are tabled below:

Fairview 

Sheba 

Consort 

Total 
Barberton
Mines

Optimal cut-offs 
Marginal cut-offs 
AMG (face)* 
AMG (head)* 
Marginal tons 
MCF 
PRF 
Au price 
AMG (face)* 
AMG (head)* 
Paylimits @ ZAR275/g 
Reserve grade 
2010 – Planning outputs 
AMG (face)* 
AMG (head)* 
Head grade  

* AMG = Average Mining Grade

5.20 
3.00 
14.64 
12.44 
29.2% 
85.0% 
90.2% 
ZAR275/g 
11.31 
9.61 
6.52g/t 
8.5g/t – 9g/t 

5.17 
3.68 
12.87 
11.59 
33.7% 
90.0% 
92.0% 
ZAR275/g 
11.31 
9.61 
7.23g/t 

5.98
3.22
13.36
11.74
30.3%
88.1%
90.7%
ZAR275/g
10.66
9.18
6,80g/t
7g/t – 8.5g/t  5.5g/t – 8.2g/t  7.5g/t – 8.5g/t

6.24 
3.00 
11.62 
10.62 
27.7% 
91.4% 
90.0% 
ZAR275/g 
8.50 
7.76 
6.73g/t 

11.14 
9.04 
10.10 

11.77 
9.58 
11.55 

8.50 
7.01 
8.00 

10.46
8.72
10.05

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Barbert on Mines pay-limit calculation
For the purpose of accurate and optimal pay-limit calculations the mine is broken up into 
mining districts based on geographical location and common infrastructural considerations. 
The  reason  for  this  is  that  mining  costs  in  each  district  differ  based  on  location  and 
infrastructure. A regional pay-limit calculation is in place at all operations at Barberton Mines. 
Regional pay-limits for the different mining districts for the 2011 fi nancial business plan are 
as follows:

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

35

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Group Mineral Resource Statement cont.

Consort section

3# 

PC#  MMR section 

Consort
Total 

Pay-limit 

6.34g/t 

7.93 g/t 

6.11 g/t 

7.31 g/t

Sheba section

Pay-limit 

6.30 g/t 

8.03 g/t 

7.92 g/t

Above adit  
level 

MRC & 
 ZK Shafts 

Sheba
Total

Fairview section

1# 

3# 

Fairview 
Total

Pay-limit 

6.08 g/t 

7.27 g/t 

7.17 g/t

Mineral Resource to Reserve modifying factors
Historical achievements with regard to modifying factors to convert Mineral Resources to 
Mineral Reserves are recorded over time and the table below refl ects historical achievements 
for Mineral Reserve Block Factor (“BF”), Overall Plant Recovery Factor and Mine Call Factor. 
These  historical  achievements  are  then  averaged  and  applied  in  converting  Resources 
to Reserves. 

Resource to Reserve modifying factors applied

Consort
Effi ciencies 
and factors 

  Current 
 10/11 Plan  00/01 

01/02 

02/03 

03/04 

04/05 

05/06 

06/07 

07/08 

08/09 

09/10

BF 
Overall Recovery 
Mine Call Factor 

100.0  
90.0  
91.4  

90.2  
92.6  
96.3  

85.2  
91.7  
86.2  

100.2  
89.3  
91.7  

66.3  
90.3  
85.9  

84.5  
93.0  
86.2  

97.3  
93.5  
107.8  

69.9  
92.4  
99.8  

97.5  
91.9  
86.1  

122.2  
91.6  
83.4  

125.0 
89.7 
89.3 

Fairview
Effi ciencies 
and factors 

  Current 
 10/11 Plan  00/01 

01/02 

02/03 

03/04 

04/05 

05/06 

06/07 

07/08 

08/09 

09/10

BF 
Overall Recovery 
Mine Call Factor 

100.0  
90.2  
85.0  

80.0  
89.1  
82.3  

91.9  
90.4  
98.7  

88.7  
89.2  
90.6  

95.0  
88.3  
79.4  

110.8  
90.3  
85.7  

114.3  
90.3  
82.5  

90.4  
90.9  
82.1  

117.5  
90.5  
84.0  

101.6  
90.8  
80.1  

120.5 
90.9 
90.0 

Sheba
Effi ciencies 
and factors 

  Current 
 10/11 Plan  00/01 

01/02 

02/03 

03/04 

04/05 

05/06 

06/07 

07/08 

08/09 

09/10

BF 
Overall Recovery 
Mine Call Factor 

100.0  
92.0  
90.0  

89.6  
91.8  
97.9  

123.2  
91.3  
98.0  

104.0  
92.3  
99.7  

100.5  
92.8  
111.8  

94.8  
93.7  
99.9  

109.9  
93.0  
92.3  

110.9  
92.6  
86.1  

112.4  
92.7  
90.1  

107.6  
92.8  
109.8  

86.9 
91.7 
126.3

36

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Barbert on Mines – the way forward with MRM
MRM  and  initiatives  introduced  during  2009  and  2010  are  adding  signifi cant  value  to  the 
Group. 

Focus for 2011 fi nancial year will be the following:
1.   Improving  methodologies  on  understanding  historically  mined  out  areas  and  remnant 

resource block associated with these mining areas.

2.   Focus exploration on continuing to defi ne short-term mining blocks and converting these 
Indicated and Inferred Mineral Resources to the higher confi dence Measured category.

3.   Continue a longer-term focus on extending and exploring the extensions of orebodies on 

all mines.

4.   Focus  near  mine  exploration  on  target  generation  and  testing  targets  defi ned  by  the 

recently fl own airborne geophysical survey:
(a) Focus areas will be the southern prospecting area; and
(b)  The eastern strike extension of the Zwartkopie Formation target situated between 

Sheba mine and Royal Sheba.

The above initiatives will add to the Mineral Resource base and assist the mine in improving 
mining fl exibility, assisting in grade management and ensuring production sustainability.

Manica Mineral Resource
During  February  2009  the  Fairbride  prospect  Mineral  Resource  was  remodelled  and  an 
updated  resource  inventory  published.  Exploration  work  is  completed  and  the  Mineral 
Resource is detailed below:

Mineral Resources  
classifi cation 

Measured 
Fairbride  
Dots Luck 
Guy Fawkes 
Boa Esperanza 
Total measured 
Indicated 
Fairbride  
Dots Luck 
Guy Fawkes 
Boa Esperanza 
Total indicated 
Inferred 
Fairbride  
Dots Luck 
Guy Fawkes 
Boa Esperanza 
Total inferred 
Total mineral resource 

Tons 
kt 

Grade 
g/t 

Contained 
kg 

Gold
koz 

8,342  

2.39  

20,000  

642 

8,342  

2.39  

20,000  

642 

6,540  
2,200  

2.38  
2.44  

15,500  
5,200  

500 
168 

8,740  

2.38  

20,700  

668 

15,200  
500  
600  
300  
16,600  
33,682  

2.28  
3.35  
2.80  
2.96  
2.34  
2.36  

34,700  
1,500  
1,700  
1,000  
38,900  
79,600  

1,114 
50 
56 
31 
1,251 
2,562 

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

37

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Group Mineral Resource Statement cont.

Phoenix Mineral Resource 
During  February  2010  the  Mineral  Resource  for  the  Phoenix  Tailing  retreatment  project  was  independently  verifi ed  by 
Geologix (Pty) Limited. Tabled below is the current inventory held:

Mineral Reserves 
classifi cation  

 Tons 
(kt) 

Grade Contained 
(g/t) PGMs (kg) 

  Mineral Resources 
classifi cation 

(koz) 

Tons 
(kt) 

Grade Contained 
(g/t) PGMs (kg) 

(koz)

Proved 
Total Proved 
Probable 
Total Probable 

Total Proven  
and Probable 

  Measured 

Total Measured 
Indicated 
Total Indicated 
Inferred 
Total Inferred 
Total Mineral
Resource 

– 

– 

– 

– 

3,224 
3,224 
618 
618 
804 
804 

3.09 
3.09 
3.20 
3.20 
3.33 
3.33 

 9,975 
 9,975 
 1,977 
 1,977 
 2,672 
 2,672 

4,646 

3.15 

 14,624 

321
321
63
63
85
85

469

Mineral Resource content is report ed as 4E 
(Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium and Gold) 
A full project progress report is published under the operational section of the report.

Pan African combined Mineral Resource inventory 
(Gold operations and Manica projects – Mozambique)

Mineral Reserves 
classifi cation 

Tons 
(kt) 

Grade  Contained 
(g/t)  gold (kg) 

  Mineral Resources 
classifi cation 

(koz) 

Tons 
(kt) 

Grade  Contained 
(g/t)  gold (kg) 

Proved 
Total Proved 
Probable  
Total Probable 

 1,418  
 1,418  
 900  
 900  

 6.91  
 6.91  
 11.97  
 11.97  

9,795  
9,795  
10,777  
10,777  

– 

– 

– 

 315   Measured  
 315   Total Measured 
Indicated 
 346  
 346   Total Indicated 
Inferred 
Total inferred 
Total Mineral

– 

 13,622  
 13,622  
 10,699  
 10,699  
 17,531  
 17,531  

 3.76  
 3.76  
 3.82  
 3.82  
 2.98  
 2.98  

 51,181  
 51,181  
 40,831  
 40,831  
52,189  
52,189  

(koz)

 1,645 
 1,645 
 1,314 
 1,314 
 1,676 
 1,676 

 2,318  

 8.87  

20,572  

 661   Resource 

 41,852  

 3.45    144,201  

 4,635

Total Proven  
and Probable 

38

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
        
  
  
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
Mineral Report ing Code
Pan African defi nes its Mineral Resources/Reserves in line with the SAMREC Code and its defi nitions.

Mineral Resource classifi cation structure applied by the Group is outlined below:

Exploration results

Mineral resources
Reported as in situ mineralisation estimates

Modifying

 factors

Ore reserves
Reported as mineable production estimates

Increasing level 
of geoscientifi c 
knowledge and 
confi dence

Inferred

Indicated

Measured

Probable

Proved

Consideration of mining, metallurgical, economic, marketing, legal, environmental. social and governmental 
factors (the “modifying factors”)

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

39

 
 
 
 
Group Mineral Resource Statement cont.

“Pan African 
ensures that 
international 
acceptable standards 
are adhered to in its 
Mineral Resource 
report ing process”

Mineral Resources defi nitions (according 
to SAMREC code)
An “Inferred Mineral Resource” is part of a Mineral Resource for which tonnage, grade and 
mineral content can be estimated with a low level of confi dence. It is inferred from geological 
evidence and sampling, and assumed but not verifi ed geologically and/or through analysis of 
grade continuity. It is based on information gathered through appropriate techniques from 
locations such as outcrops, trenches, pits, workings and drill holes that may be limited or even 
of uncertain quality and reliability.

An “Indicated  Mineral  Resource”  is  that  part  of  a  Mineral  Resource  for  which  tonnage, 
densities,  shape,  physical  characteristics,  grade  and  mineral  content  can  be  estimated 
with  reasonable  level  of  confi dence.  It  is  based  on  exploration,  sampling  and  the  testing 
of  information  gathered  through  appropriate  techniques  from  locations  such  as  outcrops, 
trenches, pits, workings and drill holes. The locations are too widely or inappropriately spaced 
to confi rm geological and/or grade continuity but are spaced closely enough for continuity 
to be assumed.

A “Measured  Mineral  Resource”  is  that  part  of  a  Mineral  Resource  for  which  tonnage, 
densities, shape, physical characteristics, grade and mineral content can be estimated with a 
high level of confi dence. It is based on detailed and reliable exploration, sampling and testing 
information  gathered  through  appropriate  techniques  from  locations  such  as  outcrops, 
trenches, pits, workings and drill holes. The locations are spaced closely enough to confi rm 
geological and grade continuity.

Mineral Reserve defi nitions (according to 
SAMREC code)
An  ore  reserve  is  the  economically  mineable  material  derived  from  a  Measured  and/or 
Indicated Resource. It includes diluting and contaminating materials and allows for losses that 
are expected to occur when the material is mined. Appropriate assessments to a minimum 
of  a  pre-feasibility  study  for  a  project,  or  a  life  of  mine  plan  for  an  operation,  must  have 
been carried out, including consideration of and modifi cation by, realistically assumed mining, 
metallurgical, economic, marketing, legal, environmental, social and governmental factors (the 
modifying factors). Such modifying factors must be disclosed.

A “Probable ore reserve” is the economically mineable material derived from a Measured 
and/or Indicated Mineral Resource. It is estimated with a lower level of confi dence than a 
proved ore reserve. It includes diluting and contaminating materials and allows for losses that 
are expected to occur when the material is mined. Appropriate assessments to a minimum 
of  a  pre-feasibility  study  for  a  project,  or  a  life  of  mine  plan  for  an  operation,  must  have 
been carried out, including consideration of, and modifi cation by, realistically assumed mining, 
metallurgical, economic, marketing, legal, environmental, social and governmental factors. Such 
modifying factors must be disclosed.

A “Proven  ore  reserve”  is  the  economically  mineable  material  derived  from  a  Measured 
Resource. It is estimated with a high level of confi dence. It includes diluting and contaminating 
materials  and  allows  for  losses  that  are  expected  to  occur  when  the  material  is  mined. 
Appropriate assessments to a minimum of a pre-feasibility study for a project, or a life of mine 
plan for an operation, must have been carried out, including consideration of, and modifi cation 
by, realistically assumed mining, metallurgical, economic, marketing, legal, environmental, social 
and governmental factors. Such modifying factors must be disclosed.

40

The specifi c gravity used during Mineral Resource modelling is as follows:
Barberton Mines 
•  Fairview mines – 2.83t/m3
•  Sheba Mine – 2.73 t/m (ZK orebody) and 2.93 t/m (MRC orebody)
•  New Consort mine – 2.88 t/m3

Manica – 2.7 t/m3

Pan African utilises various external consultants in modelling, auditing and thereby ensures that 
internationally acceptable standards are maintained in its Mineral Resource reporting. Mineral 
Resource modelling for the Manica Project uses 3D geological and geostatistical modelling 
done within the Datamine environment. Models generated are signed off by both in-house 
and  external  competent  persons  all  affi liated  with  the  South African  Council  of  Natural 
Scientists (“SACNAS”). Martin Bevelander is SACNAS accredited. See his qualifi cations on 
page 48.

Barberton  Mines  utilises  classical  evaluation  techniques  in  its  Mineral  Resource  modelling. 
The  mine  has  identifi ed  certain  areas  where  geological  continuity  and  physical  geological 
character of the orebody allows for geostatistical modelling and these methods are applied 
in these instances.

Martin Bevelander
Group Consulting Geologist

30 August 2010

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

41

 
 
 
 
Board of  Directors

Executive directors

Jan Nelson (40)
Chief Executive Offi cer
Appointment date: 1 September 2005
Qualifi cations: BSc (Hons)
Committees: SHEC

After obtaining his honours degree in Geology, Jan embarked on a career in gold exploration and 

mining in South Africa, Zimbabwe and Tanzania. He has over 15 years’ experience and, within this 

period, held positions in mine management and operations with Harmony Gold Mining Company 

Limited, Hunter Dickenson and Gold Fields Limited. Jan was CEO when the Company transformed 

from an exploration company to a gold mining company. He was involved in the acquisition of 

Barberton Mines and was also instrumental in acquiring Phoenix Platinum, which will add further 

revenue to the Company. He has built up a competent mining team that is well-positioned to build 

the Company to a mid-tier gold producer.

Cobus Loots (32)
Financial Director
Appointment date: 26 August 2009
Qualifi cations: CA(SA), CFA® Charterholder

Cobus  Loots  is  a  principal  with  Shanduka  Resources  (Pty)  Limited.  He  is  a  qualifi ed  Chartered 
Accountant  (SA)  and  a  CFA®  Charterholder.  He  served  articles  with  Deloitte  & Touche,  and 
was an audit manager with the fi rm prior to leaving in order to pursue a career in fi nance. Cobus’ 

experience  includes  mining  specifi c  acquisitions  and  fi nance,  as  well  as  management  of  both 

exploration and producing mineral assets.

Non-executive directors

Cyril Ramaphosa (58)
Non-executive Chairman
Appointment date: 17 September 2009
Qualifi cations: BProc
Committees: Nominations (Chairman)
Cyril Ramaphosa joined the board of South African Breweries Limited in 1997 and was appointed 

to  the  board  of  SABMiller  PLC  upon  its  listing  on  the  London  Stock  Exchange  in  1999.  He  is 

Executive Chairman of the Shanduka Group, non-executive Chairman of the MTN Group Limited, 

Joint non-executive Chairman of Mondi plc and Mondi Limited and holds directorships in Macsteel 

Global B.V., The Bidvest Group, Standard Bank and Alexander Forbes. He also serves on the board 

of the Commonwealth Business Council.

42

Keith Spencer (60)
Lead independent, Non-executive Deputy Chairman
Appointment date: 8 October 2007
Qualifi cations: BSc Eng (Mining)
Committees: SHEC (Chairman), Audit, Nominations

Keith is a qualifi ed mining engineer with 35 years of practical mining experience. In 1984, Keith 
was  appointed  as  General  Manager  of  Greenside  Colliery  and  in  1986  moved  to  Kloof  Gold 
Mine as General Manager. In 1989, he was appointed as Consulting Engineer for Gold Fields of 
South Africa  to  the  following  mines:  Doornfontein  Gold  Mine,  Driefontein  Consolidated  Gold 
Mine,  Greenside  Colliery  and Tsumeb  Base  Metals  mine.  He  also  served  as  Managing  Director 
of Driefontein Consolidated, Chairman and Managing Director of Deelkraal Gold Mine, and as a 
board member of all gold mines belonging to Gold Fields of South Africa. In 1999, Keith joined 
Metorex Limited, fi rst as a private consultant and after two years as a permanent member of the 
executive managing the Wakefi eld Coal operations, O’okiep Copper Company, Barberton Gold 
Mines, and Metmin Manganese Mine. In 2001, Keith became the Operations Director for Metorex 

Limited. Keith has managed some of the largest gold mines in the world. 

Rob Still (55)
Non-executive Director
Appointment date: 9 September 2004
Qualifi cations: BCom (Hons), CTA
Committees: Audit (Acting Chairman), Remuneration, Nominations

Rob  has  vast  experience  in  mining,  specialising  in  mining  fi nance.  He  started  his  career  as  a 
Char tered Accountant, becoming a par tner at Ernst & Whinney before leaving in 1986 to 
co-found Rhombus Exploration Limited. Since then he has been involved in the mining industry 
world-wide and has held executive and non-executive directorships in companies listed in South 
Africa,  Australia,  Canada  and  the  UK.  He  has  participated  in  the  evaluation  and  development 
of  several  new  mining  projects  including:  Rhovan, Ticor Titanium,  Pangea  Gold  Fields  Limited, 
Southern  Mining  Corporation  Limited  (Corridor  Sands),  Great  Basin  Gold  Limited  (Burnstone) 

and Zimbabwe Platinum Mines Limited. 

Rowan Smith (45)
Non-executive Director
Appointment date: 17 September 2009
Qualifi cations: BSc (Hons), BCom (Hons)
Committees: Remuneration (Chairman)

Rowan is currently the Managing Director of Shanduka Resources and has almost two decades 

of collective experience in the minerals and merchant banking industries. His experience includes 

geological valuation work for Rand Mines, seven years with Societe Generale de Surveillance in 

both Geneva and South Africa as a manager, and four years as a director of Investec’s Resource 

Finance  Division.  Rowan’s  passion  for  business  development,  coupled  with  his  technical  and 

merchant banking expertise, have provided him with the skills to originate, structure and implement 

a host of investments across the various resource based sectors. 

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John Hopwood 
Independent Non-Executive
Appointment date: 2 June 2008
Deceased: 19 March 2010 
Qualifi cations: BCom, CA(SA)
Committees: Audit, Remuneration, Nominations

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

43

 
 
Board of  Directors cont.

Board purpose and function 
The  board’s  purpose  is  to  ensure  corporate  governance,  risk,  strategy  and  shareholder 
interests are priorities at all times. According to the Articles of Association the board may 
consist of not less than four and not more than eight members. At the end of the fi nancial 
year  under  review,  the  board  consisted  of  six  members,  following  the  untimely  death  of 
Mr John Hopwood.

Except for as disclosed, Pan African is not aware of any director, or of the families of any 
directors,  having  any  interest,  direct  or  indirect,  in  any  transaction  during  the  last  fi nancial 
year or in any proposed transaction with any company in the Pan African Group which has 
affected or will materially affect Pan African or its investment interest or subsidiaries.

Board changes
It  is  with  deep  regret  that  the  board  of  Pan  African  reports  the  untimely  death  of 
Mr John Hopwood on 19 March 2010. John brought a great deal of wisdom and experience 
to the board of Pan African and will be sorely missed. 

Resignation
Maritz Smith  

Financial Director 

26 August 2009 

Appointments
Cyril Ramaphosa  Non-executive Chairman 
Rowan Smith  
Cobus Loots  

Non-executive 
Financial Director 

17 September 2009
17 September 2009
26 August 2009

Succession plan 
The Nominations Committee, which functions as a sub-committee of the board, is tasked 
with ensuring succession planning for both executive and non-executive board positions. 

Board meetings
During the year under review, the board of Pan African held a board meeting per quarter 
as required by the Articles of Association. Meeting dates and attendance are set out below:

Name  

Cyril Ramaphosa 
Keith Spencer 
Jan Nelson 
Cobus Loots 
Rowan Smith 
Rob Still 
John Hopwood  

17 September   20 November 
2009 

2009 

19 March 
2010 

18 June
2010

√ 
√ 
√ 
√ 
√ 
√ 
√ 

√ 
√ 
√ 
√ 
√ 
√ 
√ 

√ 
√ 
√ 
√ 
√ 
√ 
• 

√
√
√
√
√
√

•

√ Attended 
• Mr John Hopwood passed away on 19 March 2010.

Chairman and CEO roles 
The roles of Chairman and Chief Executive Offi cer are held by two different people and 
are separate and distinct. Although the Chairman, Cyril Ramaphosa, is not independent, the 
benefi t of his experience and expertise is deemed by the board to outweigh any potential 
confl ict related to his position. In addition, the board has nominated Mr Keith Spencer as lead 
independent director, as required by the JSE.

44

 
 
 
 
 
Board induction and training
All  board  members  have  vast  experience  and  therefore  no  additional  formal  training  or 
induction is considered necessary. The existing board members are available at all times to 
ensure the smooth induction of any new board member. Where board members require 
additional training, the Company makes resources available.

Access to management and independent 
advice 
The  board  members  have  access  to  the  executive  management  of  the  Company  at  all 
times. All board members are entitled to seek independent third party expert advice, when 
considered necessary. From time to time members of executive management are requested 
to attend board meetings in order to present projects or updates. 

Delegation of  authority 
The  board  has  formed  various  committees  in  order  to  allow  directors  to  excel  in  areas 
where their experience lies and, in doing so, the board as a whole has delegated authority in 
certain areas to the relevant sub-committees and directors, who report back to the board 
on a regular basis. Despite this delegation of authority, the entire board remains responsible 
for the performance of its duties.

Board self-ass essment
The  board  performs  a  self-assessment  on  an  annual  basis,  to  ensure  it  has  the  requisite 
skills and experience to fulfi l its duties. Any weaknesses or inadequacies are addressed in a 
timely manner.

Executive directors
The executive directors all have employee contracts with the Company and are remunerated 
by the Company for services performed. 

Non-executive directors
In  accordance  with  the  Company’s  Articles  of  Association,  non-executive  directors  are 
entitled to directors’ fees (please refer to note 32). These fees are paid quarterly.

Rot ation of  directors 
In accordance with the Company’s Articles of Association, one-third of the board retire by 
rotation annually, and any directors appointed between AGMs need to be re-elected. This year, 
Rob Still and Jan Nelson retire by rotation and will seek re-election at the forthcoming AGM.

Board committ ees
The board has instituted the committees listed below to allow the directors best suited in 
terms of skills and experience to manage various divisions of responsibility. The formation of 
these committees does not in any way absolve the board of its overall responsibility to the 
shareholders and the Company and, as such, each committee is required to report back to 
the board at each board meeting.

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

45

 
 
Board of  Directors cont.

46

Committee 

Directors 

Appointed 

Resigned  Meetings attended  

Responsibilities

Audit  

John Hopwood 

18 August 2008  Deceased 

Rob Still 
(Acting Chairman) 

18 August 2008 

25 August 2009 
17 September 2009 
1 February 2010 

25 August 2009 
17 September 2009  position and prospects of the
1 February 2010 

Ensuring the fi nancial performance,

Group are properly monitored, 
controlled and reported.
Meeting the auditors and reviewing
their reports relating to accounts 
and internal controls.
Reviewing the expertise and 

Keith Spencer 

17 September 2009 

Remuneration   John Hopwood 

2 June 2008 

Deceased 

Rob Still 

9 September 2004  

Rowan Smith 
(Chairman) 

20 October 2009   

17 September 2009  experience of the Financial Director
1 February 2010 

on an annual basis.
Reviewing the use of external 
auditors for non-audit purposes. 

6 August 2009 
2 December 2009 

6 August 2009 
2 December 2009 
19 March 2010 

6 August 2009 
2 December 2009 
19 March 2010 

Reviewing the performance of the
executive directors, employees and
executive management.
Determining remuneration and the
basis of the service agreements 
with due regard to the interests of 
shareholders.
Determining the payment of any 
bonuses to executive directors and
 the granting of options to 
employees, including executive 
directors, under the Company’s 
share option scheme.

Nominations  Cyril Ramaphosa 

20 October 2009   

(Chairman) 

20 November 2009  Determining the slate of director
18 June 2010 

John Hopwood 

20 October 2009  Deceased 

20 November 2009 

Keith Spencer 

20 October 2009   

20 November 2009  Reviewing, evaluating and 
18 June 2010 

Rob Still 

19 March 2010 

18 June 2010 

nominees for election to the board.
Identifying and recommending 
candidates to fi ll vacancies occurring
between shareholder meetings.

recommending changes to the 
Company’s corporate governance 
guidelines.
Reviewing the Company’s policies 
and programme that relate to 
matters of corporate citizenship, 
including public issues of signifi cance
to the Company and its 
stakeholders.

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SHEC 

Keith Spencer 
(Chairman) 

12 October 2009   

Jan Nelson† 

12 October 2009   

Mario Gericke† 

12 October 2009   

12 October 2009 
17 June 2010 

12 October 2009 
17 June 2010 

12 October 2009 
17 June 2010 

Establishing a Safety, Health, 
Environment and Community policy
framework for the Company.
Strategically reviewing the safety 
performance of all operations 
compared to the policy framework.
Implementing corrective measures 
when necessary to achieve the 
objectives of the policy framework.

Ron Holding† 

12 October 2009   

12 October 2009

Karishma Sewpersad‡  12 October 2009   

12 October 2009
17 June 2010

† Executive management of Pan African
‡ Shanduka external consultant

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

47

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Board of  Directors cont.

The  executive  directors  and  senior  management  review  both  the  mining  operations  and 
the exploration projects on a formal basis each month. This includes a detailed review of 
the technical and fi nancial parameters, as well as capital requirements and expenditure. All 
parameters are measured against the strategic plans and any variations are discussed and 
action plans are put in place to rectify such deviations. The investment and technical decisions 
form part of the board’s responsibilities.

Executive management – Pan African
The Executive Committee (“Exco”) of Pan African consists of the following members:

Name  

Age 

Qualifi cation 

Jan Nelson 
Cobus Loots 
Mario Gericke 

40 
32 
43 

Festus van Rooyen  46 

Pieter Wiese 
Ron Holding 

47 
58 

Martin Bevelander  48 

BSc (Hons) 
CA(SA), CFA® Charterholder 
BEng (Mining), PrEng (Mining 
Engineering), Mine Managers  
Certifi cate of Competency 
(Metalliferous), Certifi cate in
Strata Control 
National Diploma Police  
Administration 
BSc (Hons) 
NDT Mining  
Metalliferous (Wits) 
AMM (SA) 
MDP (UCT) 
BSc (Hons) Geology 

Areas of 
responsibility

Chief Executive Offi cer
Chief Financial Offi cer
Executive: Mining
Operations

Executive: Security

Executive: New Business
Operations Manager:
Phoenix Platinum

Group Consulting 
Geologist

Executive management – Barbert on Mines

Name  

Age 

Qualifi cation 

Areas of 
responsibility

Manager Mining

General Manager

National Higher Diploma 
Metalliferous Mining
Mine Managers Certifi cate 
Mine Managers Certifi cate of 
Competency 
National Technical Diploma (Mech)  Manager Engineering
Manager Finance and 
BCom (Hons), CA(SA) 
Administration 
Manager Human
Resources
Metallurgical Manager

Diploma in HR Management 
Diploma in LR Management 
National Higher Diploma 
Extractive Metallurgy 
BSc Engineering (Hons) Mining 

Manager Mineral 
Resources

Casper Strydom 

52 

Pierre Human 

49 

Dario Negri 
Neal Reynolds 

André van  
den Bergh 
Jonathan Irons 

49 
27 

54 

44 

Brian Chirove 

42 

48

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

Nominated Adviser and Broker
RBC  Capital  Markets  is  the  Company’s  Nominated  Adviser  (“NOMAD”)  and  Broker. 
The duty of the NOMAD and Broker is to advise the Group on compliance concerning the 
AIM Rules and continuing obligations as an AIM quoted company. 

Sponsor
Macquarie  First  South  Advisers  (Pty)  Limited  is,  in  accordance  with  the  Listings 
Requirements  of  the  JSE,  the  Company’s  appointed  Sponsor.  Macquarie  is  therefore 
responsible to ensure that the Company is at all times guided and advised as to the application 
of the Listings Requirements of the JSE.

Sustainability includes:
Data  measurement  techniques  and  the  basis  of  calculations  including  assumptions  and 
techniques for underlying estimations applied to the compilation of the indicators and other 
information in the report as well as explaining any decisions not to apply or to substantially 
diverge from, the governance protocols.

Pan African is committed to creating long-term shareholder value by embracing opportunities, 
optimising  its  operations  and  minimising  risk. We  recognise  that  the  sustainability  of  our 
operations is dependent on the ability to earn and maintain the goodwill of the communities 
around our mining operations. Pan African engages with its immediate communities in order 
to identify social needs and institute hands-on projects to address these needs. 

The  Group  recognises  its  responsibility  for  the  broader  impact  of  our  activities  on 
stakeholders,  the  environment  and  the  health  and  safety  of  our  employees.  Pan  African 
embraces sustainable development as one of its duties as a responsible corporate citizen and 
a responsible operating company.

A detailed sustainability report is available on the Group’s website.

Stakeholder communication
Pan  African  has  an ‘open  door’  policy  regarding  communication  between  the  Company 
and the various stakeholders. The executive directors are available for correspondence and 
respond to email, letters or faxes received in a timely manner.

Defi nition of  stakeholders 
•   Shareholders: institutions, natural persons and employees holding shares in the Company.
•   Stakeholders: person, group, organisation, or system which affects or can be affected by an 

organisation’s actions;

•   Employees: any person employed on a full-time basis by the Company;
•   Unions: National Union of Mineworkers (“NUM”) and the United Association of South 

Africa (“UASA”); and

•   Suppliers: providers of goods and services.

Broad-Based Black Economic 
Empowerment (“BBBEE”) 
Pan  African  is  committed  to  the  principles  and  objectives  of  BBBEE  and  reports  on  its 
achievements based on the BBBEE pillars below:

Ownership
In August 2009 Shanduka exchanged its shareholding of 26% in Barberton Mines for a 21% 
shareholding in Pan African and in addition bought 5% from Metorex, resulting in 26% of 
Pan African being owned by the Black-owned and controlled Shanduka. The board of the 
Company has been restructured to include representation from Shanduka.

“The Group 
recognises its 
responsibility for 
the broader impact 
of  our activities on 
stakeholders”

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

49

 
 
 
Corporate Governance cont.

Human resources development and employment 
equity
The Company complies with the Employment Equity Act and the Skills Development Act 
and is on track to meet the Mining Charter scorecard of 40% Historically Disadvantaged 
South African representation at senior and top management at Barberton Mines.

Procurement and enterprise development
Pan  African  supports  the  development  of  small  and  medium  enterprises  that  are  Black 
owned. At Barberton Mines level during the past year 34% of the procurement budget was 
spent with Black enterprises.

Community development and corporate social investment 
In the year under review a number of initiatives were embarked on at Barberton Mines:

Name 

Description 

Total monetary contribution

Verulam Life Skills Centre 

Sinqobile Vegetable Project  

Verulam Soup Kitchen 

St John’s Care Centre 

Umjindi Jewellery Project 

 A centre that will focus on the development of life skills in 
the community such as brickmaking, welding, cooking, etc. 
The centre will be run in collaboration with the local 
community and Government.

,

A community-run vegetable initiative. The project will be 
advanced in a phased manner to full co-operative status.

 Supplies Thandanani Drop-Inn Centre in Emjindini with food 
supplies on a weekly basis.

 The facility focuses mainly on the care of Aids patients and  
orphans that are terminally ill. 

Monthly payments of R5,000
(£347).

 A jewellery training facility in Barberton, which runs learnership   Monthly payments of R20,000
programmes with the support of the Mining Qualifi cations  
Authority.

(£1,390).

Other Welfare 

Assistance given on an ad hoc basis. 

50

 
 
 
 
 
Safety, Health , Environment and 
Community (“SHEC”)
Safety, health , environment and community 
development policy
Pan African is unashamedly committed to protect the environment and prevent pollution 
while  taking  care  of  the  health  and  safety  of  those  who  work  at  or  visit  our  sites  in  a 
manner that is respectful of international standards and local laws, as well as the well-being 
of the communities in which we operate. The most important legacy we want to leave is a 
contented community, well-equipped and positioned for the future.

Our guiding principles are:
•   Identify the hazards and risks that may have a negative impact on the health and safety of 
our people and those visiting our sites, the environment in which we operate, and anything 
that may be to the detriment of the communities in which we operate;

•   Develop SHEC management systems ensuring the implementation and maintenance of 
processes and other controls required to achieve our goal of zero incidents, injuries and 
illnesses; and

•   Encourage employees to adopt and embrace a lifestyle that is healthy, safe and conscious 

of the importance of the environment.

In support of this, we will:
•   Provide  our  leaders  with  the  means  to  improve  our  SHEC  performance  continuously 

while holding them accountable for the outcomes;

•   Facilitate  leadership  to  understand  the  SHEC  responsibilities  and  accountabilities  and 
demonstrate their commitment visibly through their actions in the quest for zero incidents, 
injuries and illnesses;

•   Treat legal requirements as minimum standards and, in the absence thereof, apply leading 

practice;

•   Ensure compliance with adopted SHEC standards and management systems by means of 

regular audits and performance review;

•   Encourage  employee  and  stakeholder  involvement  and  buy-in  through  training, 

communication and regular meetings;
•  Reduce our environmental footprint by:
  •  Improving energy effi ciency and natural resource consumption;
  •  Improving the use, re-use and recycling of materials; and
  •  Protecting and restoring natural biodiversity while reducing greenhouse gas emissions;
•   Understand  the  needs  of  our  communities  while  developing  support  programmes  to 

ensure their upliftment and well-being;

•   Assist  communities  in  which  we  operate  with  health  safeguarding  programmes  and 

sustainable wealth creating initiatives; and

•   Insist that suppliers and contractors provide us with products and services in support of 

our goals and objectives.

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

51

 
 
Corporate Governance cont.

Safety and health
Safety performance frequency rates
Frequency rates 

Non lost time injury frequency rate (“NLTFR”) 
Lost time injury frequency rate (“LTIFR”) 
Total recordable injury frequency rate (“TRIFR”) 
Reportable injury frequency rate (“RIFR”) 
Serious injury frequency rate (“SIFR”) 
Lost day severity rate (“LDSR”) 
Fatal injury frequency rate (“FFR”) 

2010 

2009

28 
4.2 
33.3 
1.1 
1.1 
6.9 
0.18 

29.8
6.4
36.2
1.7
1.7
6.2
0

Barberton Mines completed the 2010 fi nancial year with an overall improvement in accident 
statistics of 188 total accidents (2009: 202 accidents). There was no signifi cant decrease in the 
number of dressing station cases. However the more serious lost time accidents improved by 
32% and the reportable accidents improved by 33%.

An updated Safety and Health management system is being designed and implemented on 
the mine. This should be completed during 2011.

The  Company’s  medical  surveillance  code  of  practice  regulates  measures  to  eliminate, 
control and minimise health risks to which employees are or may be exposed.

Environment
All mining and exploration activities are conducted with the highest level of environmental 
awareness  achievable  for  a  company  of  this  nature.  The  Environmental  Monitoring 
Programmes (“EMP”) for all three mines were updated during the year and submitted to the 
DMR at the end of August 2010. The water and air monitoring programmes are compliant 
with the regulations and requirements of the Department of Water Affairs and Forestry as 
well as the Department of Environmental Affairs and Tourism.

During the year under review, a water retreatment programme was initiated. 

Environmental performance
Number of incidents 

Level 1 
Level 2 
Level 3 
Level 4 
Level 5 

2010 

2009

1 
8 
5 
– 
– 

6
9
1
–
–

Defi nitions:
Level 1: 

Level 2: 

Level 3: 

Level 4: 

Level 5: 

 Incident  that  involves  minor  non-conformances  that  result  in  no  or  negligible 
adverse environmental impact.
 Incident that involves miner non-conformances that result in short-term, limited 
and non-ongoing adverse environmental impacts.
 Incident that contains limited non-conformances or non-compliances. These non-
compliances are those that result in ongoing, but limited environmental impact.
 Incident  that  contains  signifi cant  non-conformances  or  non-compliances. These 
non-compliances are those that result in medium-term environmental impact.
 Incident that contains major non-conformances or non-compliances. These non-
compliances are those that result in long-term environmental impact. 

The water use licence application has been submitted to the Department of Water Affairs. 
The Environmental Impact Assessment (“EIA”) for the Fairview tailings dam extension was 
completed and submitted.

52

Progress made during the year on the environmental programme:
•  247 tons of AsO3 has been removed to ZINCOR;
•   The waste rock dump at Fairview has been removed and re-vegetation of the footprint 

will commence; and

•  The sulphur stockpile remains but it is not a signifi cant environmental threat.

Company secretary 
St  James’s  Corporate  Services  Limited  was  appointed  company  secretary  on  8  July  2008. 
All  directors  have  access  to  the  advice  and  services  of  the  Company  secretary  who  is 
responsible to the board for ensuring compliance procedures and regulations of a statutory 
nature  are  met.  Furthermore,  all  directors  are  entitled  to  seek  independent  professional 
advice concerning the affairs of the Group at the Company’s expense, should they believe 
that course of action would be in the best interest of the Group. 

The  Company  secretary,  in  conjunction  with  the  Company’s  legal  advisors,  is  responsible 
for drawing the attention of the directors to their legal duties and in collaboration with the 
Company’s NOMAD, is responsible for ensuring that new directors are effectively informed 
in terms of their duties and responsibilities. 

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

53

 
 
Corporate Governance cont.

Further,  the  Company  secretary,  together  with  the  Company’s  investor  relations 
representatives,  provides  a  direct  communication  link  with  investors  and  liaises  with  the 
Company’s  share  registrars  on  all  issues  affecting  shareholders. The  Company  secretary 
maintains the statutory books of the Company and also provides mandatory information 
required by various regulatory bodies and stock exchanges on which the Company is listed.

Code of  ethics
On 1 November 2009, Pan African committed to the following code of ethics:

“As leaders and employees of Pan African, we hereby commit ourselves to the highest ethical 
conduct and agree to:
•   Respect the laws of the Republic of South Africa and of any other country in which we 

may operate or visit;

•   Live the principle of integrity in all our activities and refrain from any behaviour, overt and 
otherwise, that may damage the organisation’s image and/or performance of whatever nature;
•   Treat  our  employees  and  any  other  person  with  dignity,  respect  and  in  a  just  manner 
irrespective of race, religion, gender, disability, age, or nationality or any other characteristic;
•   Be honest in all our dealings and undertake to distance ourselves from any activity that 
has the potential of being regarded as incoherent with what is expected of a responsible 
company and individual;

•   Avoid any potential confl ict of interest and when it may exist, disclose it to affected parties 

without any delay;

•  Reject any form of bribery and act upon any non-compliance as strongly as possible;
•   Accept  the  full  responsibility  and  ultimate  accountability  when  we  make  decisions  that 
may  impact  on  the  health  and  safety  of  our  employees  and  the  communities  in  which 
we  operate,  and  take  full  responsibility  for  the  environment  and  the  well-being  of  the 
communities; and

•   Assist  in  developing  our  colleagues  and  teams  to  become  worthy  team  players  and 

responsible South African citizens.” 

Restrictions on share dealings 
All  directors  and  employees  are  prohibited  from  dealing  in  shares  during  any  period  in 
which  price  sensitive  information  is  available. The  CEO  distributes  memoranda,  informing 
the affected parties of these periods. Should a senior employee or director wish to trade 
Pan African shares, written permission must be granted from either the CEO or CFO.

Risk management 
During  the  year  under  review,  a  formal  Risk  Assessment  Process  was  initiated  for  the 
Group. The aim of this process is to minimise harm to people, production and environment. 
A  separate  Risk  Committee  is  not  considered  necessary  as  the  board  reviews  the  risk 
process on a quarterly basis as part of the board meetings. 

54

Sector 

Risk 

Description 

Management of risk

Criminal mining 

Safety of employees 

The direct impact of criminal mining on  
the safety and health of employees. 

Gold theft 

The theft of visible gold by criminal miners.

Costs/profi ts 

Volatility of gold price 

Price fl uctuation caused by market  
conditions. 

Electricity 

Volatility of ZAR/US$   The Company’s costs are mainly 
exchange rate 
Increasing electricity  
costs 

ZAR based.
Increases implemented and proposed 
by Eskom – South African power supplier. 

Legal 

Mining Charter 

Laws governing mineral rights. 

Mining Licences –  
old order/new  
order rights

Process to convert the older order 
mining rights to new order mining rights. 

The Company has embarked on a
comprehensive programme to address
criminal mining.

Productivity and cost controls and a
rigorous approach to investment 
evaluation.
Productivity and cost controls.

Power optimisation initiatives and
programmes.

 Monitoring and management using the 
Mining Charter Score Card.
Complied with the application
requirements and application submitted.

Human resources  Dependence on  

key personnel 

Skills exodus 
Increasing cost 
of labour 

HIV/Aids 

Labour/skills 

Specialised skills required for types 
of operations. 

Increased focus on skills development
and training.

South African labour/skills drain. 
Cost of living-related cost and effect  
of organised labour on labour cost. 

Incentive and retention programmes.
Drive on cost control and increased
effi ciencies.

Responsibility towards employees/ 
negative effect on labour/ skills 
turnover and reduced effi ciencies. 

The Company runs recognised 
HIV/Aids programmes.

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55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Report  

The directors present their annual report and the audited fi nancial statements for the year ended 30 June 2010.

Principal activities
The Group’s principal activity during the year was gold mining and exploration activities. A full review of the activities of the business 

and  of  future  prospects  is  contained  in  the  Chief  Executive  Offi cer’s  Report  which  accompanies  these  fi nancial  statements,  with 

fi nancial and non-fi nancial key performance indicators (“KPIs”) shown below.

Key performance indicators
The Group produces management reports on a monthly basis that highlight several KPIs from a corporate, operational and management 

perspective to assess the fi nancial position and performance of the Group. These are highlighted on page 58.

Results and dividends 
The results for the year are disclosed in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income on page 64. The salient features of 

these results can be found on page 4.

The board of directors recommends a fi nal dividend for the year ended 30 June 2010 of 0.3723p per share (2009: dividend paid of 

0.2555p per share), to be approved by shareholders at the forthcoming annual general meeting of the Company.

Policy for payment of  creditors
It is the Company’s policy to settle all agreed transactions within the terms established with suppliers. The Company’s credit days are 

a maximum of 60 days.

Risk management
The key business risks to which the Company is exposed have been considered and addressed on pages 54 to 55.

Internal control
The board is responsible for maintaining a sound system of internal controls to safeguard shareholders’ investment and Group assets. 

The directors monitor the operation of internal controls. The objective of the system is to safeguard Group assets, ensure proper 

accounting records are maintained and that the fi nancial information used within the business and for publication is reliable. Any such 

system of internal control can only provide reasonable but not absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss.

Internal fi nancial control procedures undertaken by the board include:

•  Review of monthly fi nancial reports and monitoring performance;

•  Review of internal audit reports and follow-up action of weaknesses identifi ed by these reports;

•  Review of competency and experience of senior management staff;

•  Prior approval of all signifi cant expenditure including all major investment decisions; and

•  Review and debate of treasury and other policies.

The board has reviewed the operation and effectiveness of the Company’s system of internal control for the fi nancial year and the 

period up to the date of approval of the fi nancial statements.

Going concern
The board confi rms that the business is a going concern and has reviewed its working capital requirements in conjunction with its 

future funding capabilities for at least the next 12 months and has found them to be adequate. 

The Group is debt free and has a profi t margin of approximately 27% after capital expenditure and depreciation at Barberton Mines. 

Should the need arise the Group can cease most exploration and capital activities and in doing so conserve cash.

56

Events aft er the report ing period
Subsequent to the year end, an additional 4,000,000 ordinary shares were issued for cash at 4.0p per share on 23 August 2010, in 

relation to share options exercised. 

Directors
The following were directors during the year under review:

Mr K C Spencer*

Mr J P Nelson

Mr R G Still*

Mr C M Ramaphosa  

(appointed 17 September 2009)

Mr R M Smith  

Mr J A J Loots 

Mr M Smith  

(appointed 17 September 2009)

(appointed 26 August 2009) 

(resigned 26 August 2009)

Mr J G Hopwood* 

(deceased 19 March 2010)

* Independent 

Auditors
Deloitte LLP have been appointed as Group auditors until the conclusion of the next Annual General Meeting.

Each of the persons who is a director at the date of approval of this annual report confi rms that:

•  So far as the director is aware, there is no relevant information of which the Company’s auditors are unaware; and 

•   The director has taken all the steps that he ought to have taken as a director in order to make himself aware of any relevant audit 

information and to establish that the Company’s auditors are aware of that information.

This confi rmation is given and should be interpreted in accordance with S418 of the UK Companies Act 2006. 

Deloitte LLP have expressed their willingness to continue in offi ce as auditors and a resolution to reappoint them will be proposed at 

the forthcoming Annual General Meeting.

By order of the board,

Jan Nelson

Chief Executive Offi cer

30 August 2010

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

57

 
 
 
Directors’ Report  cont.

Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)

Level

KPI

Measurable

US$/oz

Costs

2010

650

2009 % change Achievement Comment

469

38.59% Moderate

Gold sold

Revenue 

98,091oz

97,353oz

0.76% Moderate

Corporate

Capital 
expenditure

Tax

Growth

£5.9 million

£4.3 million

37.21% Good

Effective tax 
rate

34.55%

50.39%

31.43% Moderate

Tons

Volume

313Kt

313Kt

0% Good

g/t

Quality

10.61g/t

10.32g/t

2.81% Good

Mining

% total 
recovery

BEE

Fatal 
accidents

Gold sales

Mining title

Safety

91%

26%

1

91%

26%

0% Good

0

(100%) Poor

0% Moderate

No signifi cant change.

Increased largely due to 
strong ZAR and increases in 
the cost of electricity, labour 
and security.

Increase in underground 
mining productivity, prior 
year there was surface 
tailings sales.

Strong focus on investment 
in development and 
maintenance of the mine. 

Prior effective rate was 
high due to the impairment 
charge, which was not tax 
deductible.

Sustainable production 
achieved.

Focus on increasing 
resources and sustainable 
head grades.

The Group complies with 
relevant legislation.

Safety still remains the 
Group’s top priority and 
focus area.

Group resource base 
increased due to the MRM 
initiatives.

Growth

Resource 
base

Sustainability

4,635Moz

4,582Moz

1.16% Good

58

Statement of  Directors’ Responsibilities

The directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and the fi nancial statements in accordance with applicable laws and 

regulations.

Company law requires the directors to prepare fi nancial statements for each fi nancial year. The directors are required by the International 

Accounting Standard (“IAS”) Regulation to prepare the Group fi nancial statements under International Financial Reporting Standards 

(“IFRSs”) as adopted by the European Union and have also elected to prepare the parent company fi nancial statements in accordance 

with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union. The fi nancial statements are also required by law to be properly prepared in accordance 

with the Companies Act 2006.

International Accounting Standard 1 requires that fi nancial statements present fairly for each fi nancial year the Company’s fi nancial 

position, fi nancial performance and cash fl ows. This requires the faithful representation of the effects of transactions, other events 

and conditions in accordance with the defi nitions and recognition criteria for assets, liabilities, income and expenses set out in the 

International Accounting Standards Board’s ‘Framework for the preparation and presentation of fi nancial statements’. In virtually all 

circumstances, a fair presentation will be achieved by compliance with all applicable IFRSs. However, directors are also required to:
•  Properly select and apply accounting policies;
•   Present  information,  including  accounting  policies,  in  a  manner  that  provides  relevant,  reliable,  comparable  and  understandable 

information; and 

•   Provide additional disclosures when compliance with the specifi c requirements in IFRSs are insuffi cient to enable users to understand 
the impact of particular transactions, other events and conditions on the entity’s fi nancial position and fi nancial performance.

The directors are responsible for keeping proper accounting records that disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the fi nancial 

position of the Company and enable them to ensure that the fi nancial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are 

also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection 

of fraud and other irregularities.

By order of the board.

Jan Nelson 

Chief Executive Offi cer 

Jacobus Loots

Financial Director

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

59

 
 
 
UK Independent Auditors’ Report 

To the members of  Pan African 

We have audited the fi nancial statements of Pan African for the year ended 30 June 2010 which comprise the Group and Parent 
Company Statement of Comprehensive Income, the Group and Parent Company Statement of Financial Position, the Group and 
Parent Company Cash Flow Statement, the Group and Parent Company Statement of Changes in Equity and the related notes 1 
to  36. The  fi nancial  reporting  framework  that  has  been  applied  in  their  preparation  is  applicable  law  and  International  Financial 
Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”) as adopted by the European Union. The fi nancial reporting framework that has been applied in the 
preparation of the parent company fi nancial statements is applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom 
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).

This report is made solely to the Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the UK Companies 
Act 2006. Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company’s members those matters we are required 
to state to them in an auditors’ report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume 
responsibility to anyone other than the Company and the Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for 
the opinions we have formed.

Respective responsibilities of  directors and auditors
As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities, the directors are responsible for the preparation of the fi nancial 
statements and for being satisfi ed that they give a true and fair view. Our responsibility is to audit the fi nancial statements in accordance 
with applicable law and International Standards on Auditing (UK and Ireland). Those standards require us to comply with the Auditing 
Practices Board’s (“APB’s”) Ethical Standards for Auditors.

Scope of  the audit of  the fi nancial statements
An  audit  involves  obtaining  evidence  about  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  fi nancial  statements  suffi cient  to  give  reasonable 
assurance  that  the  fi nancial  statements  are  free  from  material  misstatement,  whether  caused  by  fraud  or  error. This  includes  an 
assessment of: whether the accounting policies are appropriate to the Group’s and the parent company’s circumstances and have been 
consistently applied and adequately disclosed; the reasonableness of signifi cant accounting estimates made by the directors; and the 
overall presentation of the fi nancial statements.

Opinion on fi nancial statements
In our opinion:
•   The fi nancial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s and of the parent company’s affairs as at 30 June 2010 

and of the Group’s and the parent company’s profi t for the year then ended;

•  The fi nancial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union; and
•  The fi nancial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the UK Companies Act 2006.

Separate opinion in relation to IFRSs as issued by the IASB
As explained in note 1 to the fi nancial statements, the Group in addition to complying with its legal obligation to apply IFRSs as adopted 
by the European Union, has also applied IFRSs as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (“IASB”).

In our opinion the Group fi nancial statements comply with IFRSs as issued by the IASB.

Opinion on ot her matt ers prescribed by the UK Companies Act 2006
In our opinion:
•   The information given in the Directors’ Report for the fi nancial year for which the fi nancial statements are prepared is consistent 

with the fi nancial statements.

60

Matt ers on which we are required to report  by exception
We have nothing to report in respect of the following:

Under the UK Companies Act 2006 we are required to report to you if, in our opinion:
•   Adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received 

from branches not visited by us; or

•   The parent company fi nancial statements and the part of the Directors’ Remuneration Report to be audited are not in agreement 

with the accounting records and returns; or

•  Certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specifi ed by law are not made; or
•  We have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.

Deborah Thomas
(Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of Deloitte LLP
Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditors 
London, UK

30 August 2010

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

61

 
 
 
Independent Auditors’ Report 

To the members of  Pan African Resources PLC

We have audited the Group annual fi nancial statements and annual fi nancial statements of Pan African Resources Plc, which comprise 
the consolidated and separate statements of fi nancial position as at 30 June 2010, and the consolidated and separate statements of 
comprehensive income, changes in equity and cash fl ows for the fi nancial year then ended, a summary of signifi cant accounting policies 
and other explanatory notes, as set out on pages 68 to 77.

Directors’ responsibility for the fi nancial statements
The Company’s directors are responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these fi nancial statements in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards. This responsibility includes designing, implementing and maintaining internal control relevant 
to the preparation and fair presentation of fi nancial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or 
error; selecting and applying appropriate accounting policies; and making accounting estimates that are reasonable in the circumstances.

Auditor ’s responsibility
Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these fi nancial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance 
with International Standards on Auditing. Those standards require that we comply with ethical requirements and plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance whether the fi nancial statements are free from material misstatement.

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the fi nancial statements. 
The procedures selected depend on the auditor’s judgement, including the assessment of the risks of material misstatement of the 
fi nancial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the auditor considers internal control relevant 
to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the fi nancial statements in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in 
the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. An audit also 
includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting principles used and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by the 
directors, as well as evaluating the overall fi nancial statement presentation.

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained is suffi cient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit opinion.

Opinion
In our opinion, the fi nancial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated and separate fi nancial position of Pan 
African Resources Plc as at 30 June 2010, and its consolidated and separate fi nancial performance and its consolidated and separate 
cash fl ows for the year then ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards.

Deloitte & Touche
Per IT Marshall
Partner

30 August 2010

Deloitte & Touche – Registered Auditors
Buildings 1 and 2, Deloitte Place
The Woodlands, 20 Woodlands Drive, Woodmead, Sandton, 2196
Johannesburg, South Africa 

National executive: GG Gelink Chief Executive AE Swiegers Chief Operating Offi cer GM Pinnock Audit DL Kennedy Tax & Legal 
and Risk Advisory L Geeringh Consulting L Bam Corporate Finance CR Beukman Finance TJ Brown Clients & Markets NT Mtoba 
Chairman of the Board MJ Comber Deputy Chairman of the Board

A full list of partners and directors is available on request.

62

Cert ifi cate of  the Company Secretary

I hereby certify that Pan African has lodged with the Registrar of Companies all such returns as are required of a public company in 
terms of the Companies Act 2006. All such returns are true, correct and up to date.

St James’s Corporate Services Limited

30 August 2010

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

63

 
 
 
Consolidated and Company Statement of  
Comprehensive Income
for the year ended 30 June 2010

Notes 

4 

5 
16 

Revenue
Gold sales 
Realisation costs 

On-mine revenue 
Cost of production 
Depreciation 

Mining profi t  
Other (expenses)/income 
Impairment costs 
Royalty costs 

Net income before fi nance income and fi nance costs 
Finance income 
Finance costs 

Profi t before taxation 
Taxation  

Profi t after taxation 

Other comprehensive income:
Foreign currency translation differences  

4, 9 
9 

10 
13 

Group 

Company 

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June 

2009 

£ 

30 June 
 2010 
£ 

30 June 

2009

£

–
–

–
–
–

– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
 8,165,247  
(335,401) 
– 

 7,829,846  
 468,490  
(79) 

 8,298,257  
– 

–
 9,764,359 
(5,056,290)
–

 4,708,069 
 113,205 
(689)

 4,820,585 
–

68,506,394  
(162,791) 

 53,000,352  
(140,546) 

 68,343,603  
(40,553,886) 
(3,125,093) 

24,664,624  
(1,929,787) 
(335,401) 
(837,378) 

21,562,058  
 661,645  
(67,915) 

 52,859,806  
(28,504,686) 
(2,360,431) 

 21,994,689  
(1,465,336) 
(5,025,463) 
– 

 15,503,890  
 816,754  
(9,933) 

 22,155,788  
(7,655,913) 

 16,310,711  
(8,219,425) 

 14,499,875  

 8,091,286  

 8,298,257  

 4,820,585 

 2,379,762  

 3,649,901  

– 

–

Total comprehensive income for the year 

 16,879,637  

 11,741,187  

 8,298,257  

 4,820,585 

Profi t attributable to: 
Owners of the parent 
Non-controlling interest 

Total comprehensive income attributable to: 
Owners of the parent 
Non-controlling interest 

From continuing operations: 
Basic earnings per share (pence) 
Diluted earnings per share (pence) 

 14,277,232  
 222,643  

 4,403,535  
 3,687,751  

 8,298,257  
– 

 4,820,585 
–

 14,499,875  

 8,091,286  

 8,298,257  

 4,820,585 

14  
14 

 16,809,093  
 70,544  

 7,485,801  
 4,255,386  

 8,298,257  
– 

 4,820,585 
–

 16,879,637  

 11,741,187  

 8,298,257  

 4,820,585 

 1.04  
 1.03  

 0.40  
 0.40  

– 
– 

– 
– 

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated and Company Statement of  
Financial Position
at 30 June 2010

Group 

Company 

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June 

2009 

£ 

30 June 
 2010 
£ 

30 June 

2009

£

Notes 

Ass ets
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment and mineral rights 
Other intangible assets 
Goodwill 
Investments   
Rehabilitation trust fund 

Current assets
Inventories    
Receivables from subsidiaries 
Trade and other receivables 
Cash and cash equivalents 

TOTAL ASSETS 

Equity and liabilities
Capital and reserves
Share capital   
Share premium 
Translation reserve 
Share option reserve 
Retained income 
Realisation of equity reserve 
Merger reserve 

Equity attributable to owners of the parent 
Non-controlling interest 

Total equity  

Non-current liabilities 
Long term provisions 
Deferred taxation 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Short term liabilities – Interest bearing  
Short term provisions 
Payable to other group companies 
Current tax liability 

16  
17 
18 
19 
20 

21 
34 
22 
23 

25 

27 
28 

26 
26 
27 
34 

37,495,010  
 13,087,880  
21,000,714  
– 
 2,740,546  

 31,801,235  
 12,038,616  
 21,000,714  
– 
 2,357,266  

 27,642  
– 
– 
 53,259,921  
– 

 20,547 
–
–
 38,499,708 
–

74,324,150  

 67,197,831  

 53,287,563  

 38,520,255 

1,126,374  
– 
 3,794,659  
 12,756,262  

 358,363  
– 
 2,201,213  
 2,389,301  

– 
 10,984,384  
 162,337  
 14,240,891  

–
 10,341,443 
 23,286 
 1,507,134 

 17,677,295  

 4,948,877  

 25,387,612  

 11,871,863 

 92,001,445  

 72,146,708  

 78,675,175  

 50,392,118 

14,095,406  
 49,732,830  
 4,495,865  
 754,394  
 25,814,783  
(10,701,093) 
(10,705,308) 

 11,125,891  
 37,899,997  
 1,964,004  
 549,690  
 11,537,551  
– 
(10,705,308) 

 73,486,877  
– 

 52,371,825  
 3,988,577  

 14,095,406  
 49,732,830  
– 
 739,519  
 6,233,564  
– 
 1,560,000  

 72,361,319  

 11,125,891 
 37,899,997 
–
 626,003 
(2,064,693)
–
 1,560,000 

 49,147,198 
–

73,486,877  

 56,360,402  

 72,361,319  

 49,147,198 

 3,338,198  
 8,092,332  

 2,933,105  
 6,752,432  

11,430,530  

 9,685,537  

– 
– 

– 

–
–

–

 5,041,754  
– 
 1,465,299  
– 
 576,985  

 3,719,787  
 20,669  
 1,151,895  
 954,759  
 253,659  

 534,427  
– 
 41,411  
 5,738,018  
– 

 253,101 
–
 37,060 
 954,759 
–

7,084,038  

 6,100,769  

 6,313,856  

 1,244,920 

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TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES 

 92,001,445  

 72,146,708  

 78,675,175  

 50,392,118 

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

65

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated and Company Cash Flow Statements
for the year ended 30 June 2010

NET CASH FROM/(USED IN) OPERATING 
ACTIVITIES 

INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Dividends received 
Additions to property, plant and equipment, 
mineral rights 
Additions to intangibles 
Loans to subsidiaries 
Funding of rehabilitation trust fund 
Cash outfl ow on acquisition of subsidiary 

Group 

Company 

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June 

2009 

£ 

30 June 
 2010 
£ 

30 June 

2009

£

Notes 

36 

 18,325,307  

 8,567,361  

(128,716) 

(3,527,515)

– 

– 

 9,032,496 

11,275,545

(5,935,346) 
(976,373) 
– 
 147,458  
– 

(4,318,425) 
(1,580,349) 
– 
 193,347  
(4,205,144) 

(17,075) 
– 
(642,941) 
– 
– 

(7,396)
–
(4,316,065)
–
(4,205,144)

NET (CASH USED IN)/FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES 

(6,764,261) 

(9,910,571) 

 8,372,480  

2,746,940 

FINANCING ACTIVITIES 
Borrowings raised 
Borrowings repaid 
Loans from subsidiaries 
Shares issued 
Share issue costs 

– 
(954,759) 
– 
 48,000  
(5,866) 

 1,145,710  
(190,952) 
– 
– 
– 

– 
(954,759) 
 5,738,018  
– 
(5,866) 

 1,145,710 
(190,952)
–
–
–

25 

NET CASH FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES 

(912,625) 

 954,758  

 4,777,393  

 954,758 

NET INCREASE/(DECREASE) IN CASH 
AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year 
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS AT THE 
END OF THE YEAR 

 10,648,421  
 2,389,301  
(281,460) 

(388,452) 
 5,419,489  
(2,641,736) 

 13,021,157  
 1,507,134  
(287,400) 

 174,183 
 1,455,587 
(122,636)

23 

 12,756,262  

 2,389,301  

 14,240,891 

1,507,134

66

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated and Company 
Statement of  Changes in Equity
for the year ended 30 June 2010

Share 

capital 

£ 

Share 

premium 

Translation 

Share 

option 

Realisation 

Non- 

Retained 

of equity 

Merger 

controlling 

account 

reserve 

reserve 

earnings 

reserve 

reserve 

interest 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

Total

£

GROUP
Balance at 30 June 
2008 
Issue of shares 
Current year 
movement 
Profi t for the year 
Dividend issue 
Share based 
payment – Charge 
for the year 

Balance at 
30 June 2009 

Issue of shares 
Share issue costs 
Current year 
movement 
Profi t for the year 
Share Based 
payment – Charge 
for the year 

Balance at 30 June 
2010 

COMPANY
Balance at 30 June 
2008 
Issue of shares 
Profi t for the year 
Dividend issue 
Charge for the year 

Balance at 30 June 
2009 

Issue of shares 
Share issue costs 
Current year 
movement 
Profi t for the year 
Dividend issue 
Charge for the year 

Balance at 30 June 
2010 

 10,998,664    37,267,475   (1,118,262) 
– 

 127,227  

 632,522  

 285,312  
– 

 9,946,021  
– 

–  (10,705,308) 
– 
– 

 3,694,869    50,368,771 
 759,749 

– 

– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 

– 

 3,082,266  
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
 4,403,535  
(2,812,005) 

– 

 264,378  

– 

– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 

– 

 3,649,901 
 567,635  
 3,687,751  
 8,091,286 
(3,961,678)  (6,773,683)

– 

 264,378 

 11,125,891    37,899,997  

 1,964,004  

 549,690    11,537,551  

–  (10,705,308) 

 3,988,577    56,360,402 

 2,969,515   11,838,699  
(5,866) 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 

–  (10,701,093) 
– 
– 

– 
– 

– 

– 
– 

– 

 2,531,861  

– 
– 
–   14,277,232  

– 

 204,704  

– 

– 
– 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 

– 

(4,059,121) 
– 

 48,000 
(5,866)

(152,099)   2,379,762 
 222,643   14,499,875 

– 

 204,704 

 14,095,406   49,732,830  

 4,495,865  

 754,394   25,814,783  (10,701,093) (10,705,308) 

–   73,486,877 

 10,998,664    37,267,475  
 632,522  
– 
– 
– 

 127,227  
– 
– 
– 

 11,125,891    37,899,997  

 2,969,515   11,838,699  
(5,866) 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

 491,320   (4,073,273) 
– 
 4,820,585  
(2,812,005) 
– 

– 
– 
– 
 134,683  

 626,003   (2,064,693) 

– 
– 

– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
 113,516  

– 
 8,298,257  
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

 1,560,000  
– 
– 
– 
– 

–   46,244,186 
 759,749 
– 
 4,820,585 
– 
(2,812,005)
– 
 134,683 
– 

 1,560,000  

–   49,147,198 

– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

–   14,808,214 
(5,866)
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

–
 8,298,257 
–
 113,516 

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 14,095,406   49,732,830  

– 

 739,519  

 6,233,564  

– 

 1,560,000  

–   72,361,319

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

67

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements
for the year ended 30 June 2010

1.  General information 

 Pan African is a company incorporated in England and Wales under the Companies Act 1985. The Company has a dual primary 
listing on the AIM Market (“AIM”) of the London Stock Exchange and the JSE Limited (“JSE”). The move to the JSE main board 
occurred on 1 December 2009, resulting in the Company’s dual primary listing. The Company previously had a secondary 
listing on AltX, a division of the JSE. The nature of the Group’s operations and its principal activities was of gold mining and 
exploration activities. The fi nancial statements are presented in Pounds Sterling. Foreign operations are included in accordance 
with the policies set out below. The individual fi nancial statements of each Group Company are maintained in their functional 
currencies, which is determined by reference to the primary economic environment in which it operates. For the purpose of 
the consolidated fi nancial statements, the results and fi nancial position of each Group Company is expressed in Pounds Sterling. 
The fi nancial statements have been prepared on the going concern basis. 

 The fi nancial statements have also been prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) 
adopted by the European Union and the Republic of South Africa.

2.  Accounting policies 

Basis of  preparation and general information 
 The annual fi nancial statements have been prepared under the historical cost basis, except for certain fi nancial instruments 
which are stated at fair value. The principal accounting policies are set out below and are consistent in all material respects with 
those applied in the previous year, except where otherwise indicated. 

Historic reverse acquisition
 On 31 July 2007 the Company acquired 74% of Barberton Mines (Pty) Limited (“Barberton”) in a share-for-share transaction. 
IFRS3 Business Combinations defi nes the acquirer in a business combination as the entity that obtains control. Accordingly, the 
combination was accounted for as a reverse acquisition.

Going concern 
 The fi nancial position of the Group, its cash fl ows and liquidity position are described in note 29. In addition, note 29 to the 
fi nancial statements includes the Group’s objectives, policies and processes for managing its capital; its fi nancial risk management 
objectives; details of its fi nancial instruments and its exposure to credit risk.

 The Group has, during the current and previous fi nancial years, benefi ted from high gold prices and increased underground 
mining production. The Group is largely debt free and currently generates suffi cient cash through its operations to fund future 
capital on its operations. Future growth projects will be funded by internally generated cashfl ows, third party funding, or by a 
combination of both. The directors ensure that funding requirements for future growth projects do not compromise the ability 
of the Group to continue as a going concern. The Group is currently forecasting positive cash fl ows for the foreseeable future.

 Management is not aware of any material uncertainties which may cast signifi cant doubt on the Group’s ability to continue as 
a going concern. Based on the current status of the Group’s fi nances, the directors have formed a judgement, at the time of 
approving the Financial Statements, that there is a reasonable expectation that the Group has, or will have, adequate resources 
to  enable  the  Group  to  continue  to  meet  its  fi nancial  commitments  for  the  foreseeable  future. Accordingly,  the  directors 
continue to adopt the going concern basis in preparing the fi nancial statements.

68

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 New and revised International Financial Report ing Standards 
not  yet adopted
 The Group applies all applicable IFRS in preparation of the fi nancial statements. Consequently, all IFRS statements that were 
effective at 30 June 2010 and are relevant to its operations have been applied.

 At the date of authorisation of these fi nancial statements, the following standards and interpretations, which have not been 
applied in these fi nancial statements, were in issue but not yet effective:

Standard/
Interpretation

New standards: 

Description 

Effective for annual periods 
beginning on or after

IFRS 9 

Financial Instruments: Classifi cation and Measurement of Financial Assets

1 January 2013

Amendments to existing standards:

IFRS 2

Share-based Payments: 

IFRS 3

IAS 24

IAS 32

IAS 39

Group Cash-settled Share-based Payment Transactions

Business Combinations: Revisions to certain key areas of the standard

Related Party Disclosures

Financial Instruments: Presentation – Classifi cation of Rights Issue

Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement: Amendments to 
IAS 39 for eligible hedged items:

Infl ation in a fi nancial hedged item

A one-side risk in hedge item 

Improvements to IFRS – May 2008: 

IFRS 5

Non-current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations: 
Classifi cation of non-current assets (or disposal groups) classifi ed as held 
for sale or discontinued operations

Improvements to IFRS – April 2009: 

IFRS 2

IFRS 5

IFRS 8

IAS 1

IAS 7

IAS 17

IAS 18

IAS 36

IAS 38

IAS 39

Share-based Payments: Consequential Amendment Relating to Business 
Combinations

Non-current Assets held for Sale and Discontinued Operations: Disclosures 
Required in Respect of Non-current Assets (or Disposal Groups) Classifi ed 
as Held for Sale or Discontinued Operations

Operating Segments: Disclosure Information about Segment Assets

Presentation of Financial Statements: Current/Non-current Classifi cation of 
Convertible Instruments

Statement of Cash Flows: Classifi cation of Expenditures on Unrecognised 
Assets

Leases: Classifi cation of leases on land and buildings 

Revenue: Determining whether an Entity is Acting as a Principal or as an 
Agent

Impairment of Assets: Allocation of Goodwill to Cash Generating Units

Intangible Assets: Acquisition of Intangible Assets in a Business Combination

Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement: 

Scope Exemption of Business Combination Contracts

Cash Flow Hedge Accounting 

IFRIC 9

Reassessment of Embedded Derivatives: Scope of IFRIC 9

1 January 2010

1 July 2009

1 January 2011

1 February 2010

1 July 2009

1 July 2009

1 July 2009

1 July 2009

1 January 2010

1 January 2010

1 January 2010

1 January 2010

1 January 2010

1 January 2010

1 January 2010

1 July 2009

1 January 2010

1 January 2010

1 July 2009

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

69

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

 New and revised International Financial Report ing Standards not  yet 
adopted (continued)
Standard/
Interpretation

Effective for annual periods 
beginning on or after

Description 

Improvements to IFRS – May 2010: 

IFRS 1 

First Time Adoption of IFRS:

Accounting Policy Changes in the year of adoption

Use of Deemed Cost for Rate Regulated Activities

IFRS 3

Business Combinations:

Measurement of Non-controlling Interest

Un-replaced and Voluntarily Replaced Share-based Payment Awards

Transitional Provisions for Contingent Consideration from a Business 
Combination that occurred before the Effective Date of the Revised IFRS

Improvements to IFRS – May 2010: 

IFRS 7

Financial Instruments: Disclosures

Clarifi cation of Disclosures

IAS 1

IAS 27

IAS 34

IFRIC 13

Presentation of Financial Statements: Clarifi cation of Presentation of 
Statement of Changes in Equity

Consolidated and Separate Financial Statements: Transitional Provisions

Interim Financial Reporting: Signifi cant Events and Transactions

Customer Loyalty Programmes: Fair Value of Award Credits

New Interpretations: 

IFRIC 17

IFRIC 18

IFRIC 19

Distributions of Non-cash Assets to Owners

Transfer of Assets from Customers

Extinguishing Financial Liabilities with Equity Instruments

Amendments to existing interpretations: 

1 January 2011

1 January 2011

1 July 2010

1 July 2010

1 July 2010

1 January 2011

1 January 2011

1 July 2010

1 January 2011

1 January 2011

1 July 2009

1 July 2009

1 July 2010

IFRIC 14

Prepayments of a Minimum Funding Requirement

1 January 2011

 The impact of the adoption of the above standards and interpretations still needs to be considered, but is not expected to have 
a material impact on the fi nancial results.

Basis of  consolidation 
 The  consolidated  fi nancial  statements  incorporate  the  fi nancial  statements  of  the  Company  and  entities  controlled  by  the 
Company (its subsidiaries) to 30 June each year. Control is achieved where the Company has the power to govern the fi nancial 
and  operating  policies  of  an  investee  enterprise  so  as  to  obtain  benefi ts  from  its  activities. The  results  of  the  subsidiaries 
acquired  or  disposed  of  during  the  year  are  included  in  the  consolidated  Statement  of  Comprehensive  Income  from  the 
effective date of acquisition or up to the effective date of disposal, as appropriate. Inter-company transactions and balances 
between Group entities are eliminated on consolidation. 

Business combinations
 Acquisitions of subsidiaries and businesses are accounted for using the purchase method. The cost of a business combination is 
measured as the aggregate of the fair values (at the date of exchange) of assets given, liabilities incurred or assumed, and equity 
instruments issued by the Group in exchange for control of the acquiree, plus any costs directly attributable to the business 
combination. The  acquiree’s  identifi able  assets,  liabilities  and  contingent  liabilities  that  meet  the  conditions  for  recognition 
under IFRS 3 Business Combinations are recognised at their fair values at the acquisition date, except for non-current assets 
(or  disposal  groups)  that  are  classifi ed  as  held-for-sale  in  accordance  with  IFRS  5  Non-current Assets  Held  for  Sale  and 
Discontinued Operations, which are recognised and measured at fair value less costs-to-sell.

 Goodwill arising on acquisitions is recognised as an asset, and initially measured at cost, being the excess of the cost of the 
business combination over the Group’s interest in the net fair value of the identifi able assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities 

70

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
recognised. If, after reassessment, the Group’s interest in the net fair value of the acquiree’s identifi able assets, liabilities and 
contingent  liabilities  exceeds  the  cost  of  the  business  combination,  the  excess  is  recognised  immediately  in  profi t  or  loss. 
The interest of minority shareholders in the acquiree is initially measured at the minority’s proportion of net fair value of the 
assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities recognised. 

Change in ownership interest
 In  terms  of  IAS  27,  changes  in  a  parent’s  ownership  interest  in  a  subsidiary  that  do  not  result  in  a  change  of  control  are 
accounted for as equity transactions.

Propert y, plant and equipment  
Mining assets 
 Mining assets, including mine development costs and mine plant facilities, are recorded at cost less provision for impairment and 
accumulated depreciation. 

 Expenditure  incurred  to  develop  new  ore  bodies,  to  defi ne  mineralisation  in  existing  ore  bodies,  to  establish  or  expand 
productive  capacity  and  expenditure  designed  to  maintain  productive  capacities,  is  capitalised  until  commercial  levels  of 
production are achieved. 

Mineral and surface rights 
Mineral and surface rights are recorded at cost less provision for impairment and accumulated depreciation. 

Land 
Land is shown at cost and is not depreciated. 

Gain or loss on disposal or retirement of assets 
 The  gain  or  loss  arising  on  the  disposal  or  retirement  of  an  item  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  is  determined  as  the 
difference between the sales proceeds and the carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in profi t or loss. 

Depreciation 
 Mining  assets,  mineral  and  surface  rights  mining  assets,  mine  development  costs,  mineral  and  surface  rights  and  plant  mine 
facilities  are  depreciated  over  the  estimated  LOM  to  their  residual  values  using  the  units-of-production  method  based  on 
estimated proven and probable ore reserves. 

 Other mining plant and equipment is depreciated on the straight-line basis over the shorter of the LOM or their estimated 
useful lives. 

Depreciation of  non-mining ass ets 
 Buildings and other non-mining assets are recorded at cost and depreciated on the straight-line basis over their expected useful 
lives, which vary between three to ten years. 

 Mining exploration – Change in accounting policy on Greenfi eld 
prospects
 Previously expenditure on exploration activities on Greenfi eld prospects was capitalised until the viability of the mining venture 
was proven. If the mining venture was subsequently considered non-viable, the expenditure was charged against income when 
that fact became known.

 Exploration expenditure on Greenfi eld prospects is now expensed in the year in which it is incurred. When a decision is taken 
by the directors that a mining property/project is potentially commercially viable (normally when the project has reached the 
pre-feasibility stage, once it is considered probable that future economic benefi ts will be realised and that development may be 
commissioned) all further directly attributable pre-production expenditure is capitalised. Capitalisation of the pre-production 
expenditure ceases when commercial levels of production are achieved, at which stage the respective assets are depreciated.

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The change in accounting policy will not impact current-year or prior-year fi nancial results.

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

71

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

Impairment (except for goodwill) 
 At each Statement of Financial Position date, the Group reviews the carrying amounts of its tangible and intangible assets to 
determine whether there is any indication that those assets have suffered an impairment loss. If any such indication exists both 
the value in use and the recoverable amount of the asset is estimated in order to determine the extent of the impairment loss 
(if any). Where it is not possible to estimate the recoverable amount of an individual asset, the Group estimates the recoverable 
amount of the cash-generating unit to which the asset belongs. Impairment losses are immediately recognised as an expense. 
A reversal of an impairment loss is recognised immediately in the Statement of Comprehensive Income. 

Goodwill 
 Goodwill arising on consolidation represents the excess of the cost of acquisition over the Group’s interest in the fair value of 
the identifi able assets and liabilities of a subsidiary, associate or jointly-controlled entity at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is 
initially recognised as an asset at cost and is subsequently measured at cost less accumulated impairment losses. 

 For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill is allocated to each of the Group’s cash-generating units (“CGU”) expected 
to benefi t from the synergies of the combination. Cash-generating units to which goodwill has been allocated are tested for 
impairment annually, or more frequently when there is an indication that the CGU may be impaired. If the recoverable amount 
of the cash-generating unit is less than the carrying amount of the CGU, the impairment loss is allocated fi rst to reduce the 
carrying  amount  of  any  goodwill  allocated  to  the  unit  and  then  to  the  other  assets  of  the  CGU  pro  rata  on  the  basis  of 
the carrying amount of each asset in the CGU. An impairment loss recognised for goodwill is not reversed in a subsequent 
period. On disposal of a subsidiary, associate or jointly-controlled entity, the attributable amount of goodwill is included in the 
determination of the profi t or loss on disposal. 

Taxation 
 The charge for current tax is based on the results for the year as adjusted for items which are non-deductible or disallowed. 
It is calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Statement of Financial Position date. 

 Deferred tax is accounted for using the liability method in respect of temporary differences arising from differences between 
the carrying amount of assets and liabilities in the fi nancial statements and the corresponding tax basis used in the computation 
of  taxable  profi t.  In  principle,  deferred  tax  liabilities  are  recognised  for  all  taxable  temporary  differences,  and  deferred  tax 
assets are recognised to the extent that it is probable that taxable profi t will be available against which deductible temporary 
differences can be utilised. Such assets and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from goodwill or from 
the initial recognition (other than a business combination) of other assets and liabilities in a transaction, which affects neither 
tax nor accounting profi t. 

 Deferred tax is calculated at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the asset is realised or the liability is 
settled, based on tax rates (and laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the Statement of Financial Position 
date. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and asset refl ects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in 
which the Group expects, at the reporting date, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities. Deferred tax 
is charged or credited to the statement of comprehensive income, except when it relates to items credited or charged directly 
to equity, in which case the deferred tax is also recorded within equity, or where they arise from the initial accounting for a 
business combination. In a business combination, the tax effect is taken into account in calculating goodwill or in determining 
the excess of the acquirer’s interest in the net fair value of the acquiree’s identifi able assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities 
over the cost of the business combination. 

 The carrying amount of deferred tax assets are reviewed at each Statement of Financial Position date and reduced to the 
extent that it is no longer probable that suffi cient taxable profi ts will be available to allow all or parts of the assets to be 
recovered. 

72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provisions
 Provisions are recognised when the Group has a legal or constructive obligation resulting from past events, it is probable that 
an outfl ow of resources embodying economic benefi ts will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate can be 
made of the amount of the obligation. 

 The amount recognised as a provision is the best estimate of the consideration required to settle the present obligation at the 
Statement of Financial Position date, taking into account the risks and uncertainties surrounding the obligation. 

 When some or all of the economic benefi ts required to settle a provision are expected to be received from a third party, the 
receivable is recognised as an asset if it is virtually certain that reimbursement will be received and the amount of the receivable 
can be measured reliably. 

Lease ass ets
 The Group leases certain property plant and equipment. A lease is classifi ed as a fi nance lease if it transfers substantially all the 
risks and rewards incidental to ownership to the Group. Other leases are classifi ed as operating leases.

 Finance lease assets are capitalised at the lease’s commencement at the lower of the fair value of the leased property and the 
present value of the minimum lease payments. 

Operating leases
 Operating lease payments are recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The difference between 
the amounts recognised as an expense and the contractual payments are recognised as an operating lease liability.

Foreign currencies 
 Transactions in currencies other than the functional currency of the relevant subsidiary are initially recorded at the rates of 
exchange ruling on the dates of the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in such other currencies are 
retranslated at the rates ruling at the Statement of Financial Position date. Profi ts and losses arising on exchange are dealt with 
in the Statement of Comprehensive Income. In order to hedge its exposure to foreign exchange risks, the Group may enter 
into forward contracts. On consolidation, the assets and liabilities of the Group’s foreign operations are translated into Pounds 
Sterling at exchange rates ruling at the Statement of Financial Position date. Income and expense items are translated at the 
average exchange rates for the period. Exchange differences arising from the translation of foreign operations are classifi ed as 
equity and are recognised as income or expenses in the period in which the operation is disposed of. Translation differences 
on foreign loans to subsidiaries which are classifi ed as equity loans are also accounted for as equity. 

Consumable stores and product inventories 
 Consumable stores are valued at the lower of cost, determined on a weighted average basis, and estimated net realisable value. 
Net realisable value represents the estimated selling price less all estimated costs of completion and costs to be incurred in 
marketing, selling and distribution. Obsolete and slow-moving consumable stores are identifi ed and are written down to their 
economic or realisable values. Product inventories are valued at the lower of cost, determined on a weighted-average basis, and 
net realisable value. Costs include direct mining costs and mine overheads.

Retirement and pension benefi ts 
 Payments to defi ned contribution retirement benefi t plans are charged as an expense as they fall due. Payments made to state-
managed schemes are dealt with as defi ned contribution plans where the Group’s obligations under the schemes are equivalent 
to those arising in a defi ned contribution retirement benefi t plan. 

Post-retirement benefi ts ot her than pension
 Historically Barberton Mines provided retirement benefi ts by way of medical-aid scheme contributions for certain employees. 
The practice has been discontinued for some years. The net present value of estimated future costs of company contributions 
towards medical aid schemes for these retirees is recorded as a provision on the Group Statement of Financial Position. The 
provision is reviewed annually with movements in the provision recorded in the Statement of Comprehensive Income.

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

73

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

Equity part icipation plan 
 Equity-settled share-based payments to employees are measured at the fair value of the equity instruments at the grant date. 
Details regarding the determination of the fair value of equity-settled share-based transactions are set out in note 33. The fair 
value determined at the grant date of the equity-settled share-based payments is expensed on a straight-line basis over the 
vesting period, based on the Group’s estimate of equity instruments that will eventually vest. At each Statement of Financial 
Position date, the Group revises its estimate of the number of equity instruments expected to vest. The impact of the revision 
of the original estimates, if any, is recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive Income such that the cumulative expense 
refl ects the revised estimate, with corresponding adjustments to the equity-settled employee benefi ts reserve. 

Provision for environmental rehabilitation costs 
 Long-term  environmental  obligations  are  based  on  Barberton  Mines  environmental  plans,  in  compliance  with  current 
environmental and regulatory requirements. Full provision is made based on the net present value of the estimated cost of 
restoring the environmental disturbance that has occurred up to the Statement of Financial Position date. Increases due to 
additional environmental disturbances are capitalised and amortised over the remaining lives of the mines. The estimated cost 
of rehabilitation is reviewed annually and adjusted as appropriate for changes in legislation or technology. Cost estimates are 
not reduced by the potential proceeds from the sale of assets or from plant clean-up at closure. 

Provision for closure costs 
 The Group provides for closure costs other than rehabilitation costs, if any, when the directors have prepared a detailed plan 
for closure of the particular operation, the remaining life of which is such that signifi cant changes to the plan are unlikely, and 
the directors have raised a valid expectation in those affected that it will carry out the closure by starting to implement that 
plan or announcing its main features to those affected by it. 

Revenue recognition 
 Sales represents the value of minerals sold, excluding value-added tax, and is recognised when goods are delivered and risk and 
reward has passed, and is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable. Interest income is accrued on 
a time basis, by reference to the principal outstanding and at the interest rates applicable, which is the rate that exactly discounts 
estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the fi nancial asset to that asset’s net carrying amount. Dividend 
income from investments is recognised when the shareholders’ rights to receive payment have been established. Revenue is 
recognised when the buyer takes title, provided that: 
(a)  It is probable that delivery will be made; 
(b)  The item is on hand, identifi ed and ready for delivery to the buyer at the time the sale is recognised; 
(c)  The buyer specifi cally acknowledges the deferred delivery instructions; and 
(d)  The usual payment terms apply. 

Loans and receivables 
 Trade receivables, loans and other receivables that have fi xed or determinable payments and that are not quoted in an active 
market are classed as loans and receivables. Loans and receivables are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest 
method, less impairment if necessary. Interest income is recognised by applying the effective interest rate, except for short-term 
receivables, when the recognition of interest would be immaterial. 

Impairment of  fi nancial ass ets 
 Financial assets, other than those at Fair Value Through Profi t and Loss (“FVTPL”), are assessed for indicators of impairment at 
each Statement of Financial Position date. Financial assets are impaired where there is objective evidence that, as a result of one 
or more events that occurred after the initial recognition of the fi nancial asset, the estimated future cash fl ows of the fi nancial 
asset have been negatively impacted. 

74

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Derecognition of  fi nancial ass ets 
 The Group derecognises a fi nancial asset only when the contractual rights to the cash fl ows from the asset expire, or when it 
transfers the fi nancial asset and substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset to another entity. If the Group 
neither transfers nor retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership and continues to control the transferred asset, 
the Group recognises its retained interest in the asset and an associated liability for amounts it may have to pay. If the Group 
retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of a transferred fi nancial asset, the Group continues to recognise the 
fi nancial asset and also recognises a collateralised borrowing for the proceeds received. 

Financial liabilities and equity instruments issued by the Group 
Classifi cation as debt or equity 
 Debt and equity instruments are classifi ed as either fi nancial liabilities or as equity in accordance with the substance of the 
contractual arrangement. 

Equity instruments
 An equity instrument is any contract that evidences a residual interest in the assets of an entity after deducting all of its liabilities. 
Equity instruments issued by the Group are recorded at the proceeds received, net of direct issue costs. 

Financial liabilities
Financial liabilities are classifi ed as either fi nancial liabilities FVTPL or “other fi nancial liabilities”. 

 Financial liabilities at FVTPL
Financial liabilities are classifi ed as at FVTPL where the fi nancial liability is either held for trading or it is designated as at FVTPL. 

A fi nancial liability is classifi ed as held for trading if:
•  It has been incurred principally for the purpose of repurchasing in the near future; or
•   It is part of an identifi ed portfolio of fi nancial instruments that the Group manages together and has a recent actual pattern 

of short-term profi t-taking; or

•  It is a derivative that is not designated and effective as a hedging instrument. 

A fi nancial liability other than a fi nancial liability held for trading may be designated as at FVTPL upon initial recognition if: 
•   Such designation eliminates or signifi cantly reduces a measurement or recognition inconsistency that would otherwise arise; 

or 

•   The  fi nancial  liability  forms  part  of  a  group  of  fi nancial  assets  or  fi nancial  liabilities  or  both,  which  is  managed  and  its 
performance is evaluated on a fair value basis, in accordance with the Group’s documented risk management or investment 
strategy, and information about the grouping is provided internally on that basis; or 

•   It forms part of a contract containing one or more embedded derivatives, and IAS 39 Financial Instruments: Recognition and 

Measurement permits the entire combined contract (asset or liability) to be designated as at FVTPL. 

 Financial liabilities at FVTPL are stated at fair value, with any resultant gain or loss recognised in profi t or loss. The net gain or loss 
recognised in profi t or loss incorporates any interest paid on the fi nancial liability. The Group has no fi nancial liabilities classifi ed 
as FVTPL. 

Other fi nancial liabilities
 Other  fi nancial  liabilities  are  subsequently  measured  at  amortised  cost  using  the  effective  interest  method,  with  interest 
recognised on an effective yield basis. 

 The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a fi nancial liability and of allocating interest 
expense over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is the rate that discounts the estimated future cash payments 
through the expected life of the fi nancial liability or, where appropriate, a shorter period. 

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

 Financial liabilities and equity instruments issued by the Group 
(continued)
Derecognition of fi nancial liabilities 
The Group derecognises fi nancial liabilities only when the Group’s obligations are discharged, cancelled or they expire. 

Derivative fi nancial instruments 
 In the ordinary course of its operations, the Group may enter into a variety of derivative fi nancial instruments to manage its 
exposure to commodity prices, volatility of interest rates and foreign exchange rate risk.

 Derivatives are initially recognised at cost at the date a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently re-measured to 
their fair value at each Statement of Financial Position date. The resulting gain or loss is recognised in profi t or loss immediately 
unless the derivative is designated and effective as a hedging instrument, in which event the timing of the recognition in profi t or 
loss depends on the nature of the hedge relationship. A derivative is presented as a non-current asset or a non-current liability 
if the remaining maturity of the instrument is more than 12 months and it is not expected to be realised or settled within 
12 months. Other derivatives are presented as current assets or current liabilities. 

Hedge accounting 
 The Group may designate certain hedging instruments, which include derivatives, embedded derivatives and non-derivatives in 
respect of foreign currency risk, as either fair value hedges, cash fl ow hedges, or hedges of net investments in foreign operations. 
Hedges of foreign exchange risk or fi rm commitments are accounted for as cash fl ow hedges. At the inception of the hedge 
relationship, the entity documents the relationship between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, along with its risk 
management  objectives  and  its  strategy  for  undertaking  various  hedge  transactions.  Furthermore,  at  the  inception  of  the 
hedge and on an ongoing basis, the Group documents whether the hedging instrument that is used in a hedging relationship is 
effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash fl ows of the hedged item. 

Fair value hedge 
 Changes in the fair value of any derivatives that are designated and qualify as fair value hedges are recorded in profi t or loss 
immediately, together with any changes in the fair value of the hedged item that are attributable to the hedged risk. The change 
in the fair value of the hedging instrument and the change in the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk are recognised 
in the line of the Statement of Comprehensive Income relating to the hedged item. Hedge accounting is discontinued when 
the Group revokes the hedging relationship, the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no longer 
qualifi es  for  hedge  accounting. The  adjustment  to  the  carrying  amount  of  the  hedged  item  arising  from  the  hedged  risk  is 
amortised to profi t or loss from that date. 

Cash fl ow hedge 
 The effective portion of changes in the fair value of any derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash fl ow hedges are 
deferred in equity. The gain or loss relating to the ineffective portion is recognised immediately in profi t or loss, and is included in 
the “other gains and losses” line of the Statement of Comprehensive Income. Amounts deferred in equity are recycled in profi t 
or loss in the periods when the hedged item is recognised in profi t or loss, in the same line of the Statement of Comprehensive 
Income as the recognised hedged item. However, when the forecast transaction that is hedged results in the recognition of 
a non-fi nancial asset or a non-fi nancial liability, the gains and losses previously deferred in equity are transferred from equity 
and included in the initial measurement of the cost of the asset or liability. Hedge accounting is discontinued when the Group 
revokes the hedging relationships, the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no longer qualifi es 
for hedge accounting. Any cumulative gain or loss deferred in equity at that time remains in equity and is recognised when the 
forecast transaction is ultimately recognised in profi t or loss. When a forecast transaction is no longer expected to occur, the 
cumulative gain or loss that was deferred in equity is recognised immediately in profi t or loss. 

Cash and cash equivalents
 Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash-on-hand and demand deposits, and other short-term highly liquid investments that 
are readily convertible to a known amount of cash and are subject to an insignifi cant risk of changes in value. 

76

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.  Critical accounting estimates and judgements 

 In preparing the annual fi nancial statements in terms of IFRS, the Group’s management is required to make certain judgements, 
estimates  and  assumptions  that  may  materially  affect  reported  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  at  the  date  of  the fi nancial 
statements  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenue  and  expense  during  the  reported  year  and  the  related  disclosures. The 
estimates and judgements are based on historical experience, current and expected future economic conditions and other 
factors. Actual results may differ from these estimates. 

Critical accounting estimates and judgements made by management
 The following judgements, that have the most signifi cant effect on the amounts recognised in the fi nancial statements, have been 
made by management in the process of applying the Group’s accounting policies:
•   Estimates  made  in  determining  the  present  obligation  of  environmental  provisions  including  decommissioning  and 

rehabilitation; 

•   Estimates made in determining the recoverable amount of assets where there is an indication that an asset may be impaired, 

this includes the estimation of cash fl ows and the discount rates used; 

•   Estimates made in determining the life of the mines. The Life of Mine is determined from development plans based on mine 
management’s estimates and includes total mineral reserve and a portion of the mineral resource. These plans are updated 
from time to time and take into consideration the actual current cost of extraction, as well as certain forward projections. 
These projections are reviewed by the board.

•   Estimates made of legal or constructive obligations resulting in the raising of provisions, and the expected date of probable 

outfl ow of economic benefi ts to assess whether the provision should be discounted;   

•   Estimates of mineral resources and ore reserves in accordance with the SAMREC code (2000) for South African properties. 

Such estimates relate to the category for the resource (measured, indicated or inferred), the quantum and the grade;

•  Estimates of the carrying value of goodwill and intangible assets; 
•   Estimates of the fair value of assets at acquisition are made in accordance with IFRS and take into account the replacement 

value of assets; and 

•  Estimates of feasibility studies related to exploration and growth projects. 

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

77

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

4.  Revenue 
Gold sales 
Finance income 

5.  Cost of  production 

Salaries and wages 
Mining 
Processing 
Engineering and technical services 
Electricity 
Security 
Administration and other 

Group 

Company 

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June 

2009 

£ 

30 June 
 2010 
£ 

30 June 

2009

£

 68,506,394  
 661,645  

 53,000,352  
 816,754  

– 
 468,490  

–
 113,205 

 69,168,039  

 53,817,106  

 468,490  

 113,205 

(18,064,485) 
(5,494,006) 
(5,424,230) 
(2,919,966) 
(3,528,059) 
(2,714,009) 
(2,409,131) 

(12,652,511) 
(4,444,537) 
(4,581,547) 
(2,562,747) 
(2,044,367) 
(813,041) 
(1,405,936) 

(40,553,886) 

(28,504,686) 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–

6.  Segmental analysis 

 A  segment  is  a  distinguishable  component  of  the  Group  that  is  engaged  in  providing  products  or  services  in  a  particular 
business sector (business segment), which is subject to risk and rewards that are different to those of other segments. The 
Group’s business activities were conducted through three business segments, fi rstly in Barberton Mines located in Barberton 
South Africa,  the  Group’s  corporate  and  exploration  activities  and  Phoenix  Platinum  Mining. The  Chief  Executive  Offi cer 
reviews the operations in accordance with the disclosures presented below.

Revenue 
Gold sales 
Realisation costs 

On-mine revenue 
Cost of production 
Depreciation 

Mining profi t 
Other (expenses)/income 
Impairment costs 
Royalty costs 

Net income before fi nance income 
and fi nance costs 
Finance income 
Finance costs 

Profi t before taxation 
Taxation  

Barberton  
Mines  
£  

 68,506,394  
(162,791) 

 68,343,603  
(40,553,886) 
(3,125,093) 

 24,664,624  
(173,988) 
– 
(837,378) 

 23,653,258  
 193,155  
(67,836) 

 23,778,577  
(7,655,913) 

30 June 2010 
  Corporate 
*Phoenix  and Growth  
Projects  
 Platinum  
 £  
 £  

  Barberton 
 Mines  
 £  

 Group  
 £  

30 June 2009
  Corporate 
*Phoenix  and Growth
 Platinum  
 £  

 Projects  
 £  

 Group 
 £ 

– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 

–   68,506,394    53,000,352  
– 
(140,546) 

(162,791) 

–   68,343,603    52,859,806  
–  (40,553,886) (28,504,686) 
(3,125,093)  (2,360,431) 
– 

–   24,664,624    21,994,689  
(100,324) 
– 
– 

(1,755,799)  (1,929,787) 
(335,401) 
(837,378) 

(335,401) 
– 

(2,091,200)  21,562,058    21,894,365  
 661,645  
 703,549  
(67,915) 
(9,244) 

 468,490  
(79) 

(1,622,789)  22,155,788    22,588,670  
(7,655,913)  (8,219,425) 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 

–   53,000,352 
(140,546)
– 

–   52,859,806 
–  (28,504,686)
(2,360,431)
– 

–   21,994,689 
(1,365,012)  (1,465,336)
(5,025,463)  (5,025,463)
–

– 

(6,390,475)  15,503,890 
 816,754 
(9,933)

 113,205  
(689) 

(6,277,959)  16,310,711 
(8,219,425)

– 

Profi t after taxation 

 16,122,664  

– 

(1,622,789)  14,499,875    14,369,245  

– 

(6,277,959)   8,091,286 

Other comprehensive income: 
Foreign currency translation differences  

Total comprehensive income 
for the year 

 1,936,738  

 443,024  

– 

 2,379,762  

 3,301,475  

 348,426  

– 

 3,649,901 

 18,059,402  

 443,024   (1,622,789)  16,879,637    17,670,720  

 348,426   (6,277,959)  11,741,187 

* Costs directly attributable to Phoenix Platinum, along with attributable overheads, are capitalised to intangible assets.

78

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
6.  Segmental analysis (continued)

30 June 2010 
  Corporate 
*Phoenix  and Growth  
Projects  
 Platinum  
 £  
 £  

Barberton  
Mines  
£  

  Barberton 
 Mines  
 £  

 Group  
 £  

30 June 2009
  Corporate 
*Phoenix  and Growth
 Platinum  
 £  

 Projects  
 £  

 Group 
 £ 

Segmental assets 
Segmental liabilities 
Goodwill 
Net assets (excluding goodwill) 
Capital expenditure 

 43,420,283    4,858,063   22,722,385   71,000,731    31,965,438  
 379,919   18,514,568    14,619,687  
 18,049,443  
– 
– 
 25,370,840    4,772,857   22,342,466   52,486,163    17,345,751  
 5,918,271  
 4,052,655  

 17,075    5,935,346  

 85,206  
– 

–   21,000,714  

– 

 31,585  
– 

 4,447,159    14,733,397    51,145,994 
 1,135,034    15,786,306 
–   21,000,714 
 4,415,574    13,598,363    35,359,688 
 9,150,031
 265,770  
 4,831,606  

* Costs directly attributable to Phoenix Platinum, along with overheads, are capitalised to intangibles.

7.  Operating leases 

 At the fi nancial year end, the Group and Company had outstanding commitments under non-cancellable operating leases mainly 
in respect of offi ce equipment, security cameras, building rentals and compressors, which fall due as follows:

Within one year 
Years 2 to 5 

Minimum lease payments under operating leases 
recognised as an expense in the year: 

Leases are negotiated for an average term of 
three to fi ve years. 

8.  Other (expenses)/income 

Dividends received – subsidiaries 
Foreign exchange gain 
Operating leases 
Company depreciation 
Sundry other 

9.  Finance income/(costs) 

Interest received – Bank 
Interest paid – Bank 

10. Profi t before taxation 

Profi t for the year has been arrived at after charging:
Management fee expense/(income) 
–  Metorex 
–  Shanduka 
Share option expense 
Depreciation 
Impairment costs 
Staff costs 
Operating leases 

Group 

Company 

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June 
2009 
£ 

 204,240  
 121,350  

 176,651  
 298,331  

325,590  

 474,982  

30 June 
 2010 
£ 

 41,407  
 19,865  

 61,272  

30 June 
2009
£

 33,890 
 57,581 

 91,471

 182,762  

 164,760  

 23,237  

 29,348 

– 
 101,369  
(182,762) 
– 
(1,848,394) 

– 
 86,484  
(164,760) 
– 
(1,387,060) 

 9,032,496  
 101,369  
(23,237) 
(9,980) 
(935,401) 

 11,275,545 
 86,484 
(29,348)
(8,519)
(1,559,803)

(1,929,787) 

(1,465,336) 

 8,165,247  

 9,764,359

 661,645  
(67,915) 

 816,754  
(9,933) 

 468,490  
(79) 

 113,205 
(689)

 593,730  

 806,821  

 468,411  

 112,516

 335,289  
 76,688  
 204,704  
 3,125,093  
 335,401  
 18,772,545  
 182,762  

 388,685  
 51,854  
 264,378  
 2,360,431  
 5,025,463  
 12,993,897  
 164,760  

– 
– 
 113,516  
 9,980  
 335,401  
 708,060  
 23,237  

–
–
 134,683 
 8,519 
 5,056,290
 147,280 
 29,348

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 The Company impairment relates to the fi nal impairment of the inter-company loan to Central African Republic exploration 
project.

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

79

 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

11. Auditor ’s remuneration 

Fees payable to the Company’s auditors for the audit 
of the Company’s annual accounts 
Audit of the consolidated fi nancial statements 
Audit of the Company’s subsidiaries pursuant 
to legislation 
Under provision of audit fee in the prior year 

Group 

Company 

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June 

2009 

£ 

30 June 
 2010 
£ 

 10,000  
 48,180  

 40,880  
 19,280  

 10,000  
 32,000  

 22,577  
 88,447  

 10,000  
 48,180  

– 
 19,280  

30 June 

2009

£

 10,000 
 32,000 

–
 88,447 

Total audit fees 

 118,340  

 153,024  

 77,460  

 130,447 

Other services rendered by the Auditors 

Total non-audit fees 

 2,012  

 2,012  

– 

– 

 2,012  

 2,012  

–

–

12. Staff  costs 

The average number of employees were: 
Corporate and Growth Projects 
Mining  

Their aggregate remuneration comprised: 
Salary and wages 
Other pension costs 

13.  Taxation

Income tax expense 
South African normal taxation 
– current year 
– prior year 
Deferred taxation 
– current year 

Total taxation charge 
Profi t before taxation 
Taxation at the domestic taxation rate of 28%  
Non-deductible expenses/(exempt income) 
Taxation rate differential 
Tax effect of utilisation of tax losses 

Number 

Number 

Number 

Number

 12  
 1,783  

 1,795  

 7  
 1,708  

 1,715  

 10  
– 

10 

7
–

7

£ 
 17,503,662  
 1,268,883  

£ 
 12,108,815  
 885,082  

£ 
 682,278  
 25,782  

Number
 146,523 
 757 

 18,772,545  

 12,993,897  

 708,060  

 147,280

 7,283,602  
(356,490) 

 7,804,762  
– 

 728,801  

 414,663  

 7,655,913  
 22,155,788  
 6,203,621  
 151,229  
 1,301,063  
– 

 8,219,425  
 16,310,711  
 4,566,999  
 1,466,315  
 2,186,111  
–  

– 
– 

– 

–
–

–

– 
 8,298,257  
 2,323,512  
(2,503,143) 
– 
 179,631  

–
 4,820,586 
 1,349,764 
(1,690,838)
–
 341,074 

Taxation expense for the year 

 7,655,913  

 8,219,425  

Effective taxation rates 
Statutory rate 
Taxation rate differential 
Non-deductible expenses/(exempt income) 
Tax effect of utilisation of tax losses 

Effective taxation rate 

% 
28.00 
5.87 
0.68 
– 

34.55 

 %  
28.00 
13.40 
8.99 
– 

50.39 

– 

 %  
28.00 
– 
(30.16) 
2.16 

0.00 

–

 % 
28.00
–
(35.08)
7.08

0.00

 There are no signifi cant unrecognised temporary differences associated with undistributed profi ts of overseas subsidiaries. South 
African mining tax on mining income is determined according to a formula which takes into account the profi t and revenue 
from mining operations. South African mining taxable income is determined after the deduction of all mining capital expenditure, 
with the proviso that this cannot result in an assessed loss. Capital expenditure amounts not deducted are carried forward as 
unredeemed capital expenditure to be deducted from future mining income. The Group has no unredeemed capital carried 
forward deductible against future profi ts.

80

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
14. Earnings per share

Basic and diluted earnings per share
 Basic and diluted earnings per share are based on the Group’s profi t for the year attributable to owners of the parent, divided 
by the weighted average number of shares in issue during the year.

30 June 2010 

Weighted  

average  

number 
of shares 

Net 

profi t 
£ 

Earnings 
per share 
Pence 

30 June 2009

Weighted 

average 

number 

of shares 

Net 

profi t 

£ 

From continuing operations 
Basic EPS 
Share options 

 14,277,232   1,366,268,709  
 13,611,714  

 1.04  

 4,403,535   1,104,367,219  
 2,881,444  

Diluted EPS 

 14,277,232   1,379,880,423  

 1.03  

 4,403,535   1,107,248,663  

Earnings

per share

Pence

 0.40
–

 0.40

Headline earnings per share
 Headline earnings per share is based on the Group’s headline earnings divided by the weighted average number of shares in 
issue during the year.

Reconciliation between earnings and headline earnings from continuing operations: 

30 June 2010  

Weighted  

average 

number 
of shares 

Net 

profi t 
£ 

Earnings 
per share 
Pence 

30 June 2009

Weighted 

average 

number 

of shares 

Net 

profi t 

£ 

Earnings as reported 
Adjustments:
Impairment costs 

 14,277,232   1,366,268,709  

 1.04  

 4,403,535  1,104,367,219 

 335,401   1,366,268,709  

 0.03  

 5,025,463   1,104,367,219  

Headline earnings per share* 
Share options 

 14,612,633   1,366,268,709  
 13,611,714  

 1.07  
– 

 9,428,998   1,104,367,219  
 2,881,444  

 Diluted headline earnings 
per share 

 14,612,633   1,379,880,423  

 1.06  

 9,428,998   1,107,248,663  

* Headline earnings per share is required to be disclosed in terms of the Listing Requirements of JSE Limited.

Earnings

per share

Pence

0.40

0.45

0.85
–

0.85

15. Dividends

 The board of directors recommend a fi nal dividend for the year ended 30 June 2010 of 0.3723p per share (2009: dividend paid 
of 0.2555p per share), to be approved by shareholders at the forthcoming annual general meeting of the Company. 

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

81

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

16. Propert y, plant and equipment and mineral rights

Mineral 
rights 
and 
mining 
property 
£ 

Land* 
£ 

Building 
and 
infra- 
structure 
£ 

Plant 
and 
machinery 
£ 

Shafts 
£ 

Exploration 
£ 

Other 
£ 

Total
£

Group 

COST
 Balance at 
30 June 2008 

Additions 
 Acquisition of 
subsidiary 
Impairment 
Disposal 
 Foreign currency 
translation reserve 

 Balance at 
30 June 2009 

Additions 
**Impairment 
 Foreign currency 
translation reserve 

 Balance at 
30 June 2010 

Group 

 ACCUMULATED 
DEPRECIATION
 Balance at 
30 June 2008 

Charge for the year 
 Foreign currency 
translation reserve 

 Balance at 
30 June 2009 

Charge for the year 
 Foreign currency 
translation reserve 

 Balance at 
30 June 2010 

 CARRYING 
AMOUNT

 6,775  

 4,591,927  

 1,293,458  

 7,890,030    13,860,305  

 269,488  

 279,924    28,191,907

– 

– 

– 

 1,558,610  

 2,032,679  

 461,366  

 265,770  

 4,318,425

 17,830  
– 
–  

 4,813,776  
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 
(242,730) 
(5,082) 

 4,831,606
(242,730)
(5,082)

 3,031  

 1,450,511  

 295,990  

 2,017,793  

 3,448,567  

 124,505  

 28,180  

 7,368,577

 27,636    10,856,214  

 1,589,448    11,466,433    19,341,551  

 855,359  

 326,062    44,462,703

– 
– 

– 
– 

 24,760  
– 

 1,811,948  
– 

 3,774,572  
– 

 306,991  
– 

 17,075  
(294,916) 

 5,935,346
(294,916)

 2,706  

 1,062,711  

 156,442  

 1,184,752  

 2,023,133  

 94,286  

 120  

 4,524,150

 30,342   11,918,925  

 1,770,650   14,463,133   25,139,256  

 1,256,636  

 48,341   54,627,283

Mineral 
rights 
and 
mining 
property 
£ 

Building 
and 
infra- 
structure 
£ 

Plant 
and 
machinery 
£ 

Land* 
£ 

Shafts 
£ 

Exploration 
£ 

Other 
£ 

Total
£

– 

(1,539,122) 

(432,282)  (2,268,323)  (3,882,366) 

(330,172) 

(93,139) 

(719,080)  (1,209,521) 

– 

(397,175) 

(111,607) 

(617,008)  (1,053,154) 

(2,266,469) 

(637,028)  (3,604,411)  (6,145,041) 

– 

– 

– 

– 

– 

(8,122,093)

(8,519)  (2,360,431)

– 

(2,178,944)

(8,519) (12,661,468)

(358,353) 

(112,550) 

(961,664)  (1,574,982) 

(107,564) 

(9,980)  (3,125,093)

(234,186) 

(66,229) 

(385,903) 

(655,695) 

(3,699) 

– 

(1,345,712)

– 

– 

– 

– 

(2,859,008) 

(815,807)  (4,951,978)  (8,375,718) 

(111,263) 

(18,499) (17,132,273)

At 30 June 2009 
At 30 June 2010 

 27,636  
 30,342  

 8,589,745  
 9,059,917  

 952,420  
 954,843  

 7,862,022    13,196,510  
 9,511,155   16,763,538  

 855,359  
 1,145,373  

 317,543    31,801,235
 29,842   37,495,010

* 

 Details of land are maintained in a register held at the offi ces of Barberton Mines, which may be inspected by a member or their duly authorised 
agents. The Group reviews the residual values used for purposes of depreciation calculations annually. 

**   The fi nal impairment of the exploration machinery in the Central African Republic which was fi nally written off during the closure and deregistration 

of the company.  

82

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
16. Propert y, plant and equipment and mineral rights (continued)

Mineral 

rights 

and 

mining 

Building 

and 

infra- 

Plant 

and 

Land* 

property 

structure 

machinery 

Shafts 

Exploration 

£ 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

£ 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

£ 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

£ 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

£ 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

£ 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

Other 

£ 

Total

£

 21,670  
 7,396  

 21,670
 7,396

 29,066  

 29,066

 17,075  

 17,075

 46,141  

 46,141

Company 

COST
 Balance at 
30 June 2008 
Additions 

 Balance at 
30 June 2009 

Additions 

 Balance at 
30 June 2010 

Mineral 

rights 

and 

mining 

Building 

and 

infra- 

Plant 

and 

Company 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

£ 

Land* 

property 

structure 

machinery 

Shafts 

Exploration 

Other 

£ 

Total

£

 ACCUMULATED 
DEPRECIATION
 Balance at 
30 June 2008 
Charge for the year 

 Balance at 
30 June 2009 

Charge for the year 

 Balance at 
30 June 2010 

 CARRYING 
AMOUNT

At 30 June 2009 
At 30 June 2010 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

– 
– 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 

– 
– 

– 
(8,519) 

–
(8,519)

(8,519) 

(8,519)

(9,980) 

(9,980)

(18,499) 

(18,499)

 20,547  
 27,642  

 20,547
 27,642

* 

 Details of land are maintained in a register held at the offi ces of Barberton Mines, which may be inspected by a member or their duly authorised 
agents. The Group reviews the residual values used for purposes of depreciation calculations annually. 

**   The fi nal impairment of the exploration machinery in the Central African Republic which was fi nally written off during the closure and deregistration 

of the company.  

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83

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

17.  Other intangible ass ets

EXPLORATION AND EVALUATION ASSETS
Balance at 30 June 2008 
Purchase of Ghana Exploration Licence 
Purchase of Central African Republic Mining Licence 
Purchase of subsidiary 
Exploration expenditure 
Impairment  
Foreign currency translation reserve 

Balance at 30 June 2009 

Exploration expenditure 
Foreign currency translation reserve 

Balance at 30 June 2010 

Group

£

 12,837,045
 720,000
 39,749
 239,997
 1,580,349
(4,651,335)
 1,272,811

 12,038,616

 976,373
 72,891

 13,087,880

 The impairment of the intangible assets in the prior year was based on the cash-generating units in relation to the exploration 
and evaluation of assets based in Ghana and the Central African Republic. The intangible assets that were considered non-
recoverable were impaired in full due to the mining venture being considered by the directors as non-viable. 

18. Goodwill 

 Goodwill acquired in a business combination is allocated at acquisition to the CGUs that are expected to benefi t from that 
business combination. 

Group 

Company

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June 
2009 
£ 

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June
2009
£

Opening and closing balance 

 21,000,714  

 21,000,714  

– 

–

 The Group tests the goodwill carrying amount annually for impairment, or more frequently if there are indications that goodwill 
might be impaired. The goodwill carrying amount is not considered impaired and the review was performed in accordance with 
the Group’s accounting policies.

 The recoverable amounts of the CGUs are determined from value-in-use calculations. The key assumptions for the value-in-use 
calculations are those regarding the discount rates, growth rates and expected changes to selling prices and direct costs during 
the period. Management estimates discount rates using pre-tax rates of 12%, which refl ect current market assessments of the 
time value of money and the risks specifi c to the CGUs to the extent not already refl ected in the cash fl ows being discounted, 
an average gold price between US$900 – US$1,150 and exchange rate of ZAR7.80 – ZAR10.0 to the dollar over the life of 
projects. The life of projects were estimated at 10 years for Barberton Mines, and 10 years for the Manica gold project. Changes 
in selling prices and direct costs are based on past practices and expectations of future changes in the market.

The Group prepares cash-fl ow forecasts derived from the most recent fi nancial budgets approved by management.

84

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19.  Investments 

Investments 

Company

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June
2009
£

 53,259,921  

 38,499,708

At 30 June 2010 the Company held the following shares in subsidiary undertakings:

Name of undertaking 

Barberton Mines 
Explorator Limitada  
 Mistral Resource 
Development Corporation 
 Brampton Capital 
Overseas Limited 
Phoenix Platinum  

Country of 
incorporation 

Principal activity 

Proportion 
of capital 
effectively held 
by Company 

Carrying 
amount 
2010 
£ 

Carrying
amount
2009
£

South Africa 
Mozambique  

Mining 
Exploration  

100% 
100% 

 45,770,663  
 88,972  

 31,010,450
 88,972

British Virgin Isles 

Exploration  

100% 

 584,705  

 584,705

British Virgin Isles 
South Africa 

Exploration  
Mining 

100% 
100% 

 2,485,000  
 4,330,581  

 2,485,000
 4,330,581

 53,259,921  

 38,499,708

20. Rehabilitation trust fund

Group 

Company

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June 
2009 
£ 

30 June 
2010 
£ 

Funds held in trust fund (refer to note 27) 

 2,740,546  

 2,357,266  

– 

21. Inventories 

Consumable stores 
Provision for obsolete stock 

22. Trade and ot her receivables

Trade receivables 
Other receivable and prepayments 
VAT receivables 

Group 

Company

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June 
2009 
£ 

 1,222,381  
(96,007) 

 410,995  
(52,632) 

 1,126,374  

 358,363  

30 June 
2010 
£ 

– 
– 

– 

Group 

Company

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June 
2009 
£ 

 2,905,338  
 347,054  
 542,267  

 1,476,643  
 218,573  
 505,997  

30 June 
2010 
£ 

 48,589  
 86,483  
 27,265  

 3,794,659  

 2,201,213  

 162,337  

There are no material amounts owing that are past due and/or requiring impairment.

30 June
2009
£

–

30 June
2009
£

–
–

–

30 June
2009
£

 23,286
–
–

 23,286

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85

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

22. Trade and ot her receivables (continued)

The average credit period is:

Number of days 

No interest is charged on trade receivables. 

Group

30 June 

2010 

15 

30 June

2009

10

 Before accepting any new customers, the Group uses a credit bureau or performs a credit assessment to assess the potential 
customer’s credit limit and credit quality. The Group only transacts with credit worthy customers and large institutions within 
South Africa. 

 The fair value of trade receivables is not materially different from the carrying value presented. No receivables have been 
pledged as security. 

23.  Cash and cash equivalents 

 Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash held by the Group and short-term bank deposits with an original maturity of three 
months or less. The carrying amount of these assets approximates their fair value. 

Group 

Company

30 June 

2010 

£ 

30 June 

2009 

£ 

30 June 

2010 

£ 

30 June

2009

£

Cash and cash equivalents 

 12,756,262  

 2,389,301  

 14,240,891  

 1,507,134

CREDIT FACILITIES
 The Group has the following credit facilities at 
30 June 2010:
Overdraft facility 
Asset fi nance facility 
Guarantee 
Credit card 

 1,647,389  
–  
 587,222  
 8,670  

 1,579,479  
 45,015  
 236,922  
 10,661  

 2,243,281  

 1,872,077  

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

–
–
–
–

–

The overdraft facility and asset fi nance facilities are unsecured. The overdraft facility attracts interest at prime in South Africa. 

24. Acquisition of  additional shares in subsidiary

Acquiring additional shares in the subsidiary after control was obtained is accounted for as an equity transaction with owners. 

 On 19 June 2009 the Company announced that it had concluded an agreement with Shanduka and Shanduka’s holding company, 
Shanduka Resources (Proprietary) Limited, whereby Pan African would acquire Shanduka’s 26% shareholding in Barberton 
Mines, in exchange for the issue of new ordinary shares in Pan African to Shanduka. On 21 August 2009 Pan African announced 
that the transaction had become unconditional and that the shares had been issued and allotted to Shanduka. Barberton Mines 
became a wholly-owned subsidiary of Pan African from this date. The new shares issued to Shanduka (295,751,549 ordinary 
shares) represent 21% of the enlarged issued share capital of Pan African following implementation of this transaction. Shanduka 
acquired a further 5% of the issued ordinary share capital of Pan African via the Metorex book build, thereby increasing its 
shareholding to 26%.

86

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24. Acquisition of  additional shares in subsidiary (continued)

 For accounting purposes the Group consolidated 100% of profi ts from Barberton Mines from 21 August 2009.

 The accounting treatment for the Shanduka and Pan African transaction was in accordance with IAS 27 (revised). Changes in 
a parent’s ownership interest in a subsidiary that do not result in a change of control are accounted for as equity transactions 
(i.e. transactions with owners in their capacity as owners). Therefore the additional investment of £14,760,214 through the 
Pan African share issue to Shanduka and non-controlling interest of £4,059,121 as at 21 August 2009 were eliminated on 
consolidation, and the Group’s realisation of equity reserve increased by £10,701,093.

25. Share capital 

Group 

Company

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June 

2009 

£ 

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June

2009

£

Authorised
2,000,000,000 (2009: 2,000,000,000) ordinary 
shares of £0.01 each 

 Issued and fully paid up 
 1,409,540,711 (2009: 1,112,589,162) ordinary shares 
of £0.01 each 

 20,000,000  

 20,000,000  

 20,000,000  

 20,000,000

 14,095,406  

 11,125,891  

 14,095,406  

 11,125,891

The following non-cash issue of shares was made during the year: 
 On 21 August 2009, 295,751,549 ordinary shares were issued in terms of the Share Exchange Agreement between Pan African 
Resources and Shanduka at 65 cents per share. 

The following cash issue of shares was made during the year: 
 On 10 June 2010; 1,200,000 ordinary shares were issued to Mr N Steinberg at 4.0p per share for cash in relation to share 
options exercised. 

Subsequent to the year-end the following cash issues of shares has been made:
 On 23 August 2010; 4,000,000 ordinary shares were issued to Mr N Steinberg at 4.0p per share for cash in relation to share 
options exercised.

Current number of share options outstanding at 30 June 2010 is 52,145,000 (2009: 49,945,000). 

26. Borrowings

Group 

Company

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June 

2009 

£ 

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June

2009

£

Trade and other payables 
Accruals 

 4,064,830  
 976,924  

 3,719,877  
– 

 200,338  
 334,089  

 253,101
–

Total trade and other payables 

 5,041,754  

 3,719,877  

 534,427  

 253,101

Short-term liabilities – interest bearing 
Amount due within 12 months 
Amount due for settlement after 12 months 

Total borrowings 

–  
– 

– 

 20,669  
–  

 20,669  

– 
– 

– 

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–

–

 Borrowings in the prior year represented instalment fi nance loans and were secured by plant and equipment with a net book 
value of £249,786. These borrowings bore interest at South African prime less 1.5% and were paid in full in the current year. 
The Group has no fi nance leases at 30 June 2010.

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

27.  Provisions 

GROUP 

Balance at 30 June 2008 
Provided during the year 
Utilised during the year 
Foreign currency translation 

Balance at 30 June 2009 

Provided/(utilised) during the year 
Utilised during the year 
Foreign currency translation 

Balance at 30 June 2010 

Balance at 30 June 2009 
Long-term provisions 
Current provisions 

Balance at 30 June 2010 
Long-term provisions 
Current provisions 

COMPANY
Balance at 30 June 2008 
Provided during the year 
Utilised during the year 

Balance at 30 June 2009 

Provided during the year 
Utilised during the year 

Balance at 30 June 2010 

Balance at 30 June 2009 
Long-term provisions 
Current provisions 

Balance at 30 June 2010 
Long-term provisions 
Current provisions 

Post 
retirement 
benefi ts 
£ 

 122,990  
– 
(12,790) 
 26,402  

Rehabilitation 
£ 

 2,096,964  
 193,347  
– 
 506,192  

Leave pay 
and bonuses 
£ 

 711,085  
 1,104,397  
(842,253) 
 178,666  

Total
£

 2,931,039
 1,297,744
(855,043)
 711,260

 136,602  

 2,796,503  

 1,151,895  

 4,085,000

(18,470) 
(14,937) 
 12,223  

 147,458  
– 
 278,819  

 1,488,831  
(1,291,205) 
 115,778  

 1,617,819
(1,306,142)
 406,820

 115,418  

 3,222,780  

 1,465,299  

 4,803,497

 136,602  
– 

 2,796,503  
– 

–  
 1,151,895  

 2,933,105
 1,151,895

 136,602  

 2,796,503  

 1,151,895  

 4,085,000

 115,418  
– 

 3,222,780  
– 

– 
 1,465,299  

 3,338,198
 1,465,299

 115,418  

 3,222,780  

 1,465,299  

 4,803,497

– 
– 
– 

–  

– 
– 

–  

– 
– 

–  

– 
– 

–  

– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 

– 

– 
– 

–  

– 
– 

–  

– 
 37,060  
– 

 37,060  

 76,410  
(72,059) 

 41,411  

– 
 37,060  

 37,060  

– 
 41,411  

 41,411  

–
 37,060
–

 37,060

 76,410
(72,059)

 41,411

–
 37,060

 37,060

–
 41,411

 41,411

Rehabilitation trust fund
 The Group is exposed to environmental liabilities relating to its mining operations. Estimates of the cost of environmental and 
other remedial work such as reclamation costs, close down and restoration and pollution control are made on an annual basis, 
based on the estimated life of the mine, following which payments are made to a rehabilitation trust set up as required by South 
African Laws and Regulations. The provision represents the net present value of the best estimate of the expenditure required 
to settle the obligation to rehabilitate environmental disturbances caused by mining operations. These costs are expected to be 
incurred over the life of mine and after fi nal closure of the operations.

Leave pay 
 The provision for leave pay is provided for, based on the total cost of employment of employees and the amount of leave days 
owing to them. 

88

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
28. Deferred taxation 

Group 

Company

Deferred tax liabilities
Property, plant and equipment 
Provisions 

Net deferred tax liabilities 

Reconciliation of deferred tax liabilities: 
 Net deferred liabilities at the beginning 
of the year 
Deferred tax asset acquired 
Deferred tax charge for the year 
Translation difference 

30 June 
2010 

£ 

30 June 

2009 

£ 

Note 

 8,881,636  
(789,304) 

 7,240,069  
(487,637) 

 8,092,332  

 6,752,432  

 6,752,432  
– 
 728,801  
 611,099  

 5,201,245  
(110,179) 
 414,663  
 1,246,703  

13 

Net deferred liabilities at the end of the year 

 8,092,332  

 6,752,432  

30 June 
2010 

30 June

2009

£ 

– 
– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

£

–
–

–

–
–
–
–

–

29.  Financial instruments 

 The Group manages its capital to ensure that it will be able to continue as a going concern while maximising the return to 
shareholders through the optimisation of the debt and equity balances. The Group’s overall strategy remains unchanged from 
the prior year. 

Components of capital:
Interest-bearing debt 
Cash and cash equivalents 

Net interest-bearing assets 
Equity 

Group 

Company

30 June 
2010 

£ 

30 June 

2009 

£ 

30 June 
2010 

£ 

30 June

2009

£

– 
(12,756,262) 

 20,669  
(2,389,301) 

– 
(14,240,891) 

–
(1,507,134)

(12,756,262) 
 73,486,877  

(2,368,632) 
 56,360,402  

(14,240,891) 
 72,361,319  

(1,507,134)
 49,147,198

Net debt to equity ratio (%) 

(0.17) 

(0.04) 

(0.20) 

(0.03)

Categories of fi nancial instruments: 
Financial assets: 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Receivables 
Financial liabilities: 
Amortised cost 

 12,756,262  
 3,794,659  

 2,389,301  
 2,201,213  

 14,240,891  
 162,337  

 1,507,134
 23,286

 5,041,754  

 4,695,215  

 575,838  

 1,207,860

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89

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

29.  Financial instruments (continued)
Financial risk management objectives
 The Group seeks to minimise the effects of fi nancial risks by using derivative fi nancial instruments to hedge risk exposures 
where appropriate. The use of fi nancial derivatives is governed by the Group’s policies approved by the board of directors, 
which  provide  written  principles  on  foreign  exchange  risk,  interest  rate  risk,  credit  risk,  the  use  of  fi nancial  derivatives  and 
non-derivative fi nancial instruments, and the investment of excess liquidity. Compliance with the policies and exposure limits 
is reviewed on a continuous basis. The Group does not enter into or trade fi nancial instruments, including derivative fi nancial 
instruments, for speculative use. 

Credit risk 
 Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in fi nancial loss to the Group. 
The Group has adopted a policy of only dealing with creditworthy counterparties and obtaining suffi cient collateral, where 
appropriate, as a means of mitigating the risk.  

 The Group’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its trade receivables. The amounts presented in the Statement of Financial 
Position are net of allowances for doubtful receivables of £11,916 (2009: £16,771), estimated by the Group’s management 
based on the current economic environment. The credit risk on liquid funds is limited because the counterparties are dealt with 
in accordance with the Group’s credit policy. The Group has one major customer that represents more than 5% of the trade 
receivables balance for the individual companies. 

Customers above 5% 

Group

30 June 
2010 
£ 

30 June

2009

£

 2,856,749  

 1,480,138

  Market risk 

 The Group’s activities expose it primarily to the fi nancial risks of changes in foreign currency exchange rates and the gold 
price. Where appropriate, the Group enters into a variety of derivative fi nancial instruments to manage its exposure to foreign 
currency risk and the commodity price risk. Market risk exposures are measured using sensitivity analysis. 

Foreign currency risk 
 The Group undertakes certain transactions in foreign currencies. Hence, exposures to exchange rate fl uctuation arise. Exchange 
rate exposures are managed within approved policy parameters. 

Commodity price risk 
 The Group may enter into forward contracts to hedge their exposure to fl uctuations in gold prices and exchange rates on 
specifi c transactions. The contracts are matched with anticipated future cash fl ows from gold sales. 

Interest rate and liquidity risk 
 Fluctuations in the interest rates impact on short-term investment and fi nancing activities, giving rise to interest rate risk. In 
the ordinary course of business, the Group receives cash proceeds from its operations and is required to fund working capital 
and capital expenditure requirements. Cash is managed to ensure that surplus funds are invested to maximise returns whilst 
ensuring that capital is safeguarded to the maximum extent by only investing with reputable fi nancial institutions. Contractual 
arrangements for committed borrowing facilities are maintained to meet the Group’s normal and contingent funding needs.

Currency and commodity price risk 

Currency and gold price 

Pound Sterling/Rand 
Gold price 

90

Average rate

for the year

ended

30 June

2010

11.93
 $1,098

Closing rate at 

30 June 

2010 

11.53 
 $1,241  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29.  Financial instruments (continued)

Currency and commodity price risk (continued)

Foreign currency/gold price sensitivity 
2010 
2009 

Impact of 10% 

currency or gold 

price movement 

on profi t/(loss)

£

 4,485,530
 3,355,982

 The Pound Sterling carrying amount of the Group’s foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities at Statement 
of Financial Position date is as follows:

2010
Assets 
Liabilities 

2009
Assets 
Liabilities 

South African 

Rands 

GBP 

Total

 3,273,465  
 4,507,327  

 14,403,830  
 534,427  

 17,677,295
 5,041,754

 3,378,274  
 3,466,390  

 1,212,240  
 253,397  

 4,590,514
 3,719,787

Commodity hedges  
The Group did not undertake any hedging in the current or prior year. 

Interest rate risk 
 The Group is exposed to interest rate risk as entities within the Group borrow and invest funds at both fi xed and fl oating 
interest rates. 

Interest rate sensitivity 
 Based on the low level of interest-bearing balances on the Statement of Financial Position, an interest rate sensitivity is not 
performed as the interest rate exposure to the Group is minimal. 

Liquidity risk 
 Ultimate responsibility for liquidity risk management rests with the board of directors, which has built an appropriate liquidity 
risk management framework for the management of the Group’s short-term funding and liquidity management requirements. 
The  Group  manages  liquidity  risk  by  maintaining  adequate  reserves,  banking  facilities  and  reserve  borrowings  facilities,  by 
continually monitoring forecasts and actual cash fl ows and matching maturity profi les of fi nancial assets and liabilities. 

 The  Group  has  access  to  fi nancing  facilities  at  its  mining  operations,  of  which  the  total  unutilised  portion  is  currently 
£133,720 (2009: £1,900,000). The Group expects to meets its other obligations from operating cash fl ows and proceeds of 
maturing fi nancial assets. 

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91

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

29.  Financial instruments (continued)

Liquidity risk analysis 
The following table indicates the Group’s remaining contractual maturity from its fi nancial liabilities: 

Group 
2010 
Trade payables 
Long-term liabilities 
Other-short term liabilities 

Group 
2009 
Trade payables 
Long-term liabilities 
Other-short term liabilities 

Company 
2010 
Trade payables 
2009
Trade payables 

Weighted 

average 

interest 

rate 

Less than 

12 months 

£ 

1-5 years 

Total

0% 
0% 
0% 

0% 
0% 
0% 

0% 

0% 

 4,064,830  
– 
– 

 3,719,787  
– 
 975,428  

 200,338  

 1,207,860  

– 
– 
– 

– 
– 
– 

– 

– 

 4,064,830
–
–

 3,719,787
–
 975,428

 200,338

 1,207,860

Fair value of  fi nancial instruments
The directors consider that the carrying amounts of fi nancial assets and liabilities recorded approximate their fair values. 

30. Post retirement benefi t information 

 All  employees  are  required  to  be  members  of  either  the  Barberton  Retirement  Fund,  Sentinel  Retirement  Fund  or  Mine 
Workers Provident Fund or the Shanduka Group Provident Fund. These are defi ned contribution funds and are registered 
under  and  governed  by  the  South African  Pension Act,  1956  as  amended. The  assets  of  the  scheme  are  held  separately 
from those of the Group in funds and they are in the control of the trustees. The total costs charged to the Statement of 
Comprehensive Income of £1,268,883 (2009: £885,082) represent employer contributions payable to the schemes by the 
Group at rates specifi ed in the rules of the scheme. The calculation of the provision for post retirement medical benefi ts is 
performed internally by management using the South African Revenue Services life expectancy tables as the benefi ts payable 
are a fi xed amount per pensioner.

31. Commitments , contingent liabilities and guarantees

Group
Commitments
The Group had outstanding open orders contracted for at year end of £111,905 (2009: £62,231). 

Contingent liabilities
 The Group had no contingent liability in the current fi nancial year, in the prior year £48,976 was in relation to a pending legal 
case in which a settlement was reached in the current fi nancial year. 

Guarantees
 The Group had guarantees of £334,044 (2009: £225,285) in favour of Eskom, and £253,178 (2009: £1,579) in favour of the 
DMR at year end.

Company
 There  were  no  commitments,  contingent  liabilities  and  guarantees  for  the  Company  for  the  year  ended  30  June  2010 
(2009: £nil).

92

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
32. Directors’ emoluments 

The key management personnel for which remuneration has been disclosed are the directors:

Executive directors 
Emoluments 
Share options 

Total 

Non-executive directors
Emoluments 
Over-provision in the prior year 

Total  

Total remuneration 

Individual 

Executive 
Mr J Nelson 
Mr J A J Loots 

Total 

Individual 

Non-executive
Mr R G Still 
Mr J Hopwood 
Mr K C Spencer 
Mr R M Smith 
Mr C M Ramaphosa 

Total 

30 June 
2010 
£ 

 260,278  
– 

 260,278  

 153,918  
– 

 153,918  

30 June
2009
£

 92,168
–

 92,168

 42,500
(30,000)

 12,500

 414,196  

 104,668

Share options 
exercised 
and sold 
£ 

Cost to 
Company 
£ 

Bonuses 
£ 

Total 2010 
£ 

Total 2009
£

–  
–  

–  

 138,647  
 62,867  

 58,764  
–  

 197,411  
 62,867  

 201,514  

 58,764  

 260,278  

Share options 
exercised 
and sold 
£ 

Directors’ fees 
£ 

Bonuses 
£ 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

 26,823  
 24,832  
 37,720  
 22,632  
 41,911  

 153,918  

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

Total 
30 June 
2010 
£ 

 26,823  
 24,832  
 37,720  
 22,632  
 41,911  

 153,918  

 92,168 
– 

 92,168 

Total
30 June
2009
£

 15,000 
 17,500 
 10,000 
–
–

 42,500 

Non-executive directors 
 During the year under review, the non-executive directors were Mr R G Still, Mr J Hopwood, Mr K Spencer, Mr C M Ramaphosa 
and Mr R M Smith. 

 Non-executive directors are entitled to the following fees as approved annually by the Remuneration Committee for services 
rendered, based on their appointment to the respective board sub-committees:

Board of directors Chairman 
Board of directors Deputy Chairman 
Board of directors 
Remuneration Committee 
Audit Committee 
SHEC Committee 
Nominations Committee 

In the prior year the non-executive directors were entitled to an annual fee of £15 000. 

Chairperson 
£ 

 35,624  
 20,956  
–  
 6,287  
 8,382  
–  
 6,287  

Member
£

–
–
 16,345
 4,191
 6,287
 6,287
 4,191

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Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

32. Directors’ emoluments (continued)

2010 share options
Mr K C Spencer 
Mr J Nelson 
Mr R G Still  
Mr J Hopwood 

Total 

2009 share options
Mr K C Spencer 
Mr J Nelson 
Mr R G Still  
Mr J Hopwood 

Total 

Average 

Total options 

option price 

Total options

1 July 2009 

(Pence) 

30 June 2010

 3,000,000  
 6,000,000  
 4,000,000  
 1,000,000  

 6.2  
 2.0  
 2.5  
 6.2  

 3,000,000
 6,000,000
 4,000,000
 1,000,000

 14,000,000  

– 

 14,000,000

Average 

Total options 

option price 

Total options

1 July 2008 

(Pence) 

30 June 2009

 3,000,000  
 6,000,000  
 4,000,000  
 1,000,000  

 6.2  
 2.0  
 2.5  
 6.2  

 3,000,000
 6,000,000
 4,000,000
 1,000,000

 14,000,000  

– 

 14,000,000

Directors’ interest in shares 
 As at 30 June 2010 the CEO, Mr J P Nelson, held 122,442 shares in Pan African Resources, including a purchase of 75,134 shares 
at 95 cents per share on 16 October 2009. 

 As at 30 June 2010 the Financial Director, Mr J A J Loots, held 130,000 shares, purchased at 76 cents per share on 24 February 2010.

 Mr R G Still is a director of Pangea Exploration (Proprietary) Limited (Pangea) and a trustee of a family trust which owns 
33.33% of Pangea. Mr R G Still, a non-executive director of Pan African, is therefore deemed to have an indirect, non-benefi cial 
interest in Pangea’s holding in the Company. Pangea holds 2.67% of the current issued share capital of Pan African.

Substantial shareholdings
As at 25 June 2010 the substantial shareholdings of which the Company is aware are as follows:
Shares in issue: 1,409,540,711

Name 

Shanduka Gold 
Coronation Fund Managers 
Investec Asset Management 
Allan Gray Investment Council 
J P Morgan Asset Management 

Number 

of shares 

Percentage

held

 366,168,585  
 221,821,092  
 149,898,928 
 76,294,036  
 58,955,000  

25.98%
15.74%
10.63%
5.41%
4.18%

33.  Share options 

 On 1 September 2005, the Company established a share option programme relating to equity-settled share options entitling 
specifi c employees, offi cers, directors and qualifying consultants as approved by the board of directors of the Company and its 
subsidiaries to purchase shares in the Company. The share option exercise price is determined using the closing price at which 
shares are traded on the JSE or AIM (as determined by the board of directors), on the trading date immediately preceding the 
date upon which the board authorised the grant of the opportunity to acquire the relevant share options, as the case may be 
to a participant. Pursuant to resolutions of the board passed in accordance with the rules of the share option programme, share 
options may be released from the share option programme to participants, share options may be exercised by participants and 
allocation shares may be delivered to participants as follows for allocations prior to 21 July 2008:

94

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
33.  Share options (continued)

(i)   33.33%  of  the  total  number  of  shares  allocated  after  one  year  has  elapsed  from  the  grant  date  by  the  participant  of 

the grant;

(ii)   up to 66.67% of the total number of shares allocated after two years have elapsed from the grant date by the participant 

of the grant;

(iii)  the balance of the shares allocated after three years have elapsed from the grant date by the participant of the grant;

and for allocations subsequent to 21 July 2008 as follows:
(i)  25% of the total number of shares allocated after one year has elapsed from the grant date by the participant of the grant;
(ii)   up to 50% of the total number of shares allocated after two years have elapsed from the grant date by the participant of 

the grant;

(iii)  up to 75% of the total number of shares allocated after three years have elapsed from the grant date by the participant of 

the grant; and

(iv)  the balance of the shares after four years have elapsed from the grant date by the participant of the grant; provided that 

the board may, at its discretion, anticipate or postpone such dates.

 An  option  holder  may  not  exercise  a  share  option  under  the  share  option  programme  by  later  than  the  end  of  the  year 
preceding the tenth anniversary of the grant date. Upon death of an option holder the estate would be entitled to exercise 
the options vested to date within twelve months of the date of death, if the options are not exercised the total available share 
options  would  lapse. The  directors  have  the  discretion  to  approve  the  vesting  of  the  deceased  total  number  of  unvested 
share options.

 The  number  of  vested  share  options  to  which  an  option  holder  is  entitled  expires  after  a  period  of  six  months  due  to 
retirement, redundancy or disability of the option holder.

The number and weighted average exercise price of share options is as follows:

Outstanding at 1 July 
Granted during the year 
Exercised during the year 
Lapsed in the year 

30 June 2010 

30 June 2009

Weighted 

average 

exercise 

price 

Number 

of options 

4.7p  
 6.1p  
4.0p 
– 

 49,945,000  
 3,400,000  
(1,200,000) 
– 

Weighted 

average 

exercise 

price 

Number

of options

4.7p 
– 
– 
– 

 49,945,000
–
–
–

Outstanding and exercisable at 30 June  

 4.8p  

 52,145,000  

4.7p  

 49,945,000

30 June 2010 

30 June 2009

Vested 

Unvested 

Vested 

Unvested

Total number share options at year end 

 37,019,583  

 15,125,417  

 29,533,333  

 20,411,667

 The fair value of services received for share options granted is based on the fair value of share options granted, measured using 
for all issues prior to 20 March 2010 a Black Scholes model and a variant of the Binomial model for issues on 20 March 2010, 
with the following inputs: 

Share price 
Exercise price 
Expected volatility 
Expected life 
Risk-free interest rate 

30 June 2010 

30 June 2009

68c 
68c 
58.61% 

6.2p
7.0p
72.39%

3 – 6 years 

1 – 3 years

8.145% 

5.31%

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95

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

33.  Share options (continued)

 A Company dividend rate has not yet been determined and therefore is not taken into account in option fair value calculations. 
The volatility of the Company’s share price on each date of grant was calculated as the average of volatilities of share prices 
of the Company on the corresponding dates. The volatility of share price of the Company was calculated as the average of 
annualised  standard  deviations  of  daily  continuously  compounded  returns  on  the  Company’s  stock,  calculated  over  one  to 
four  years  back  from  the  date  of  grant. Therefore,  volatility  of  the  Company’s  share  prices  was  calculated  over  the  period 
commensurate with the expected life of the options under consideration, giving more weight to more recent historical data to 
account for volatility persistence.

There are no market conditions attached to the exercise of the share options.

 The Group recognised total expenses of £204,704 (2009: £264,378) related to equity-settled share-based payment transactions 
during the reporting period. 

34. Related part y transactions

The Group entered into the following transactions and held year end balances with related parties: 

Statement of 
comprehensive 
income 
30 June 
2010 
 £  

Statement of 
comprehensive 
income 
30 June 
2009 
 £  

Statement of 
fi nancial 
position 
30 June 
2010 
 £  

Statement of
fi nancial
position
30 June
2009
 £

(9,032,496) 
 885,163  
– 
– 
– 
 181,707  
 335,289  
 76,688  

(11,275,545) 
 194,107  
 4,600  
 5,050  
 3,291  
 27,246  
 388,685  
 51,854  

(7,553,649) 

(10,600,712) 

– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–

–

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 
– 
– 
– 

– 

– 
– 

– 

– 

– 
 8,982,300  
– 
 2,002,084  

 207,842
 8,802,157
 3,150,247
 1,067,883

 10,984,384  

 13,228,129

– 
(5,738,018) 

(954,759)
–

(5,738,018) 

(954,759)

– 

 4,209,606

* Dividends received 
* Fee received from Barberton Mines 
* Admin fee received from Ghana 
* Admin fee received from Central African Republic 
* Admin fee received from Metorex 
* Admin fee received from Phoenix Platinum 
Fee paid to Metorex  
Fee paid to Shanduka  

Loans to/(from) subsidiaries
*Barberton Mines 
*Mistral Resources 
*Or Oubangui 
*Phoenix Platinum 

Payable to another Group Company 
**Metorex 
*Barberton Mines 

Purchase of subsidiary 
Purchase of Phoenix Platinum from Metorex 

*  These related party transactions related to Pan African and eliminate on consolidation. 
** Metorex was the holding company of Pan African up to 1 July 2010, therefore was a related party to the Group in the prior year.

 The loan from Metorex was the balance owing in relation to the outstanding purchase consideration for Phoenix Platinum. 
The loan incurred no interest and was paid on 30 September 2009 in full. 

35. Events aft er the report ing period 

 Subsequent to the year end, an additional 4,000,000 ordinary shares were issued for cash at 4.0p per share on 23 August 2010 
for cash at 2.0p per share in relation to share options exercised.

96

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
36.  Reconciliation of  profi t before taxation to cash generated by/

(utilised in) operations

Profi t before taxation 
Adjusted for: 

Dividends received 
Impairment 
Share option costs 
Net fi nance income 
Royalty costs 
Depreciation 

Group 

Company

30 June 

2010 

£ 

30 June 

2009 

£ 

 22,155,788  
 3,908,846  

 16,310,711  
 6,843,451  

– 
 335,401  
 204,704  
(593,730) 
 837,378  
 3,125,093  

– 
 5,025,463  
 264,378  
(806,821) 
– 
 2,360,431  

30 June 

2010 

£ 

 8,298,257  
(9,042,010) 

(9,032,496) 
 335,401  
 113,516  
(468,411) 
– 
 9,980  

30 June

2009

£

 4,820,585
(6,188,569)

(11,275,545)
 5,056,290
 134,683
(112,516)
–
 8,519

Operating cashfl ows before working capital changes 

 26,064,634  

 23,154,162  

(743,753) 

(1,367,984)

Working capital changes 

(857,137) 

 2,266,079  

 146,626  

 539,958

(Increase)/decrease in inventories 
(increase)/decrease in trade and other receivables 
Increase in trade and other payables and provisions 

(768,011) 
(1,593,446) 
 2,019,795  

 19,611  
 771,563  
 2,033,531  

– 
(139,051) 
 285,677  

–
 286,907
 253,051

Non-cash items 

(515,475) 

(558,626) 

– 

–

Cash generated by/(utilised in) operations 

 25,207,497  

 25,420,241  

(597,127) 

(828,026)

Income taxes paid 
Royalties paid 
Net fi nance income 
Dividends paid 
Dividends paid to minorities 

(6,685,351) 
(790,569) 
 593,730  
– 
– 

(10,886,018) 
– 
 806,821  
(2,812,005) 
(3,961,678) 

– 
– 
 468,411  
– 
– 

–
–
 112,516
(2,812,005)
–

Net cash from/(used in) operating activities 

 18,325,307  

 8,567,361  

(128,716) 

(3,527,515)

Taxation paid during the year: 
 Taxation charge per the statement of comprehensive 
income 
Less: Deferred taxation  

Taxation unpaid at beginning of year 
Taxation unpaid at end of year  
Foreign currency translation 

 7,655,913 
(728,801) 

 6,927,112 
 253,659 
(528,566) 
 33,146 

8,219,425
(414,663)

7,804,762
3,055,393
(253,659)
279,522

Taxation paid during year  

 6,685,351 

10,886,018

Royalty paid during the year: 
Royalty costs unpaid at beginning of year 
Royalty costs unpaid at end of year  
Royalty costs  
Foreign currency translation 

Royalty paid 

– 
(48,419) 
 837,378 
 1,610 

 790,569 

–
–
–
–

–

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97

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not es to the Financial Statements cont.
for the year ended 30 June 2010

37.  Special resolutions

 Special resolutions of members passed in accordance with the company’s articles of association at the Annual General Meeting 
held on 14 December 2009. 

It was resolved 
 That the Company be generally and unconditionally authorised for the purposes of section 701 of the Companies Act 2006 to 
make market purchases (as defi ned in section 693 of that Act) of ordinary shares of the Company on such terms and in such 
manner as the Directors of the Company shall determine provided that:

(a) 

 the maximum aggregate number of ordinary shares which may be purchased is 140,834,071 (representing approximately 
10 per cent of the issued share capital of the Company at 10 November 2009);

(b) 

the minimum price (excluding expenses) which may be paid for each ordinary share is 1p;

(c) 

(d) 

 the maximum price (excluding expenses) which may be paid for any ordinary share does not exceed 5 percent. above 
the average closing price of such shares for the fi ve business days on the London Stock Exchange prior to the date of 
purchase;

 this authority shall expire at the conclusion of the next annual general meeting of the Company or on 31 December 2010, 
whichever is the earlier, unless such authority is renewed prior to that time (except in relation to the purchase of ordinary 
shares the contract for which was concluded before the expiry of such authority and which might be executed wholly or 
partly after such expiry); and

(e) 

 Any  market  purchases  by  the  Company  of  ordinary  shares  in  the  Company  as  contemplated  in  this  resolution  shall 
comply, to the extent required, with the provisions of the Listings Requirements of JSE Limited pertaining to the general 
authority to repurchase securities for cash.

 That, the draft regulations in the form produced to the meeting be adopted as the articles of association of the Company in 
substitution for and to the exclusion of the existing articles of association.

98

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
38. Shareholder analysis

Register date: 25 June 2010
Issued share capital: 1,409,540,711 shares

Shareholder spread 

shareholders 

Percentage 

shares 

Percentage

Number of 

Number of 

1 – 
1,001 – 

1,000 shares 
10,000 shares 
  10,001 –  100,000 shares 
 100,001 –  1,000,000 shares 
1,000,001 shares and over 

Total 

 198  
 1,259  
 1,468  
 327  
 130  

 3,382  

5.85 
37.23 
43.41 
9.67 
3.84 

 131,466  
 7,008,787  
 52,334,255  
 104,563,720  
 1,245,502,483  

0.01
0.50
3.71
7.42
88.36

 100.00 

 1,409,540,711  

 100.00

Number of 

Number of 

Distribution of shareholders 

shareholders 

Percentage 

Shares 

Percentage

Banks 
Brokers 
Close corporations 
Endowment funds 
Individuals 
Insurance companies 
Investment companies 
Mutual funds 
Nominees and trusts 
Other corporations 
Pension funds 
Private companies 
Public companies 

Total 

20 
8 
37 
6 
2,725 
4 
12 
34 
392 
24 
61 
42 
17 

3,382 

0.59 
0.24 
1.09 
0.19 
80.57 
0.12 
0.35 
1.01 
11.59 
0.71 
1.80 
1.24 
0.50 

 227,835,843  
 3,815,457  
 1,780,484  
 2,329,196  
 92,707,763  
 11,834,200  
 49,363,413  
 242,725,414  
 243,094,143  
 552,698  
 102,346,422  
 419,114,537  
 12,041,141  

16.16
0.27
0.13
0.17
6.58
0.84
3.50
17.22
17.25
0.04
7.26
29.73
0.85

100.00 

 1,409,540,711  

100.00

Public/Non-public shareholder 

shareholders 

Percentage 

shares 

Percentage

Number of 

Number of 

Director non-public shareholders 
Strategic Holdings (more than 10%) non-public 
Public shareholders 

Total 

2 
3 
3,377 

3,382 

 0.06  
 0.03  
 99.91  

 252,442  
 737,888,605  
 671,399,664  

 0.02
 52.35
 47.63

100.00 

 1,409,540,711  

 100.00

Benefi cial holding of 3% or more 

Shanduka Gold 
Coronation Fund Managers 
Investec Asset Management 
Allan Gray Investment Council 
JP Morgan Asset Management 

Number of 

shareholders 

Percentage

 366,168,585  
 221,821,092  
 149,898,928  
 76,294,036  
 58,955,000  

25.98
15.74
10.63
5.41
4.18

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Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

99

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not  ice of  Annual General Meeting

NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the 2010 Annual General Meeting of Pan African Resources Plc will be held at the offi ces of Fasken 
Martineau LLP, Fourth Floor, 17 Hanover Square, London W1S 1HU on Monday, 15 November 2010 at 10h00 (all times stated are 
United Kingdom times unless otherwise stated) to consider and, if thought fi t, transact the following business:

Ordinary business
1. 

 To receive and adopt the Directors’ report, the Audited Statement of Accounts and Auditors’ report for the year ended 30 June 
2010.
 To re-elect Mr R G Still as a Director of the Company, who retires by rotation pursuant to the Articles of Association of the 
Company.
 To re-elect Mr J P Nelson as a Director of the Company, who retires by rotation pursuant to the Articles of Association of the 
Company.
 To approve the fi nal dividend of 0.3723p per share for the year ended 30 June 2010.
 To re-appoint Deloitte LLP as auditors of the Company and to authorise the Directors to determine their remuneration.

2. 

3. 

4. 
5. 

Special business
As special business, to consider and if thought fi t, to pass the following resolutions of which Resolution 6 will be proposed as an 
Ordinary Resolution and Resolutions 7 and 8 will be proposed as Special Resolutions:

6. 

7. 

 THAT the Directors be and are hereby generally and unconditionally authorised pursuant to Section 551 of the Companies Act 
2006 (the “Act”), in substitution for all previous powers granted to them, to exercise all the powers of the Company to allot 
and make offers to allot equity securities (within the meaning of Section 560 of the Act up to an aggregate nominal amount 
of £6,553,793.42; such authority shall, unless previously revoked or varied by the Company in general meeting, expire on the 
conclusion of the Annual General Meeting of the Company to be held in 2011 or on 31 December 2011, whichever is the earlier, 
provided that the Company may, at any time before such expiry, make an offer or enter into an agreement which would or might 
require equity securities to be allotted after such expiry and the Directors may allot equity securities pursuant to any such offer 
or agreement as if the authority conferred hereby had not expired.

 THAT  the  Directors  be  and  they  are  hereby  empowered  pursuant  to  Section  571  of  the  Companies Act  2006  (the “Act”), 
in substitution for all previous powers granted thereunder, to allot equity securities (within the meaning of Section 560 of the 
Act) for cash pursuant to the authority granted by resolution 6 above as if Section 561 (1) of the Act did not apply to any such 
allotment provided that this power shall expire at the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting of the Company to be held in 
2011 or on 31 December 2011, whichever is the earlier, and such power is limited to the allotment of equity securities:
(a)   in  connection  with  rights  issues  and  other  pre-emptive  issues  to  holders  of  ordinary  shares  where  the  equity  securities 
respectively attributable to the interests of such holders are proportionate (as nearly as may be practicable) to the respective 
numbers of ordinary shares held by them, but subject to such exclusions or other arrangements as the directors may deem 
necessary  or  expedient  to  deal  with  any  fractional  entitlements  or  any  legal  or  practical  problems  under  law  of,  or  the 
requirements of any regulatory body or any recognised stock exchange in, any territory;

(b)   up to a maximum aggregate nominal value of £287,450 in connection with the exercise of options granted to various parties 

(including Directors);

(c)   up to a maximum aggregate nominal value of £709,770.36 (being approximately 5 per cent. of the issued share capital of the 
Company as at the date of this notice) in connection with the granting of options by the Company granted in accordance 
with the Pan African Resources PLC Share Option Plan; and

(d)   up  to  a  maximum  aggregate  value  of  £709,770.36  (being  approximately  5  per  cent.  of  the  issued  share  capital  of  the 

Company as at the date of this notice) otherwise than pursuant to paragraphs (a) to (c) above);

100

 
 
 
 
 save that the Company may, before such expiry make an offer or agreement which would or might require equity securities to 
be allotted after such expiry and the Directors may allot equity securities in pursuance of any such offer or agreement as if the 
authority conferred hereby had not expired. The allotment of shares for cash in accordance with this resolution shall comply, 
to the extent required, with the provisions of the Listings Requirements of JSE Limited pertaining to general issues of shares 
for cash.

8. 

 That the Company be generally and unconditionally authorised for the purposes of Section 701 of the Companies Act 2006 to 
make market purchases (as defi ned in Section 693 of that Act) of ordinary shares of the Company on such terms and in such 
manner as the Directors of the Company shall determine provided that: 

(a)   the maximum aggregate number of ordinary shares which may be purchased is 70,977,035 (representing approximately 

5 per cent of the issued share capital of the Company at 15 October 2010; 

(b)  the minimum price (excluding expenses) which may be paid for each ordinary share is 1p; 
(c)   the maximum price (excluding expenses) which may be paid for any ordinary share does not exceed 5 per cent. above the 
average closing price of such shares for the fi ve business days on the London Stock Exchange prior to the date of purchase; 
(d)   this  authority  shall  expire  at  the  conclusion  of  the Annual  General  Meeting  of  the  Company  to  be  held  in  2011  or  on 
31 December 2011, whichever is the earlier, unless such authority is renewed prior to that time (except in relation to the 
purchase of ordinary shares the contract for which was concluded before the expiry of such authority and which might be 
executed wholly or partly after such expiry); and

(e)   Any market purchases by the Company of ordinary shares in the Company as contemplated in this resolution shall comply, 
to the extent required, with the provisions of the Listings Requirements of JSE Limited pertaining to the general authority to 
repurchase securities for cash.

By Order of the Board

St James’s Corporate Services Limited 
Company Secretary

15 October 2010

6 St James’s Place
London
England
SW1A 1NP

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

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101

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Not  ice of  Annual General Meeting cont.

EXPLANATORY NOTES
Entitlement to att end and vot e
1.  

 Pursuant to Regulation 41 of the Uncertifi cated Securities Regulations 2001, the Company specifi es that only those members 
registered on the Company’s register of members at:
•  16h00 on Friday, 12 November 2010; or, 
•   if the AGM is adjourned, at 18h00 on the day two days prior to the adjourned meeting, shall be entitled to attend and vote at 

the AGM.

Appointment of  proxies
2.  

 If you are a member of the Company at the time set out in note 1 above, you are entitled to appoint a proxy to exercise all or 
any of your rights to attend, speak and vote at the AGM and you should have received a proxy form with this notice of meeting. 
You can only appoint a proxy using the procedures set out in these notes and the notes to the proxy form.

3.  

 A proxy does not need to be a member of the Company but must attend the AGM to represent you. Details of how to appoint 
the Chairman of the AGM or another person as your proxy using the proxy form are set out in the notes to the proxy form. 
If you wish your proxy to speak on your behalf at the AGM you will need to appoint your own choice of proxy (not the Chairman) 
and give your instructions directly to them.

4. 

5. 

 You may appoint more than one proxy provided each proxy is appointed to exercise rights attached to different shares. You 
may not appoint more than one proxy to exercise rights attached to any one share. To appoint more than one proxy, you may 
photocopy this form. 

 A vote withheld is not a vote in law, which means that the vote will not be counted in the calculation of votes for or against the 
resolution. If you either select the “Discretionary” option or if no voting indication is given, your proxy will vote or abstain from 
voting at his or her discretion. Your proxy will vote (or abstain from voting) as he or she thinks fi t in relation to any other matter 
which is put before the AGM.

Appointment of  proxy using hard copy proxy form
6. 

 The notes to the proxy form explain how to direct your proxy how to vote on each resolution or withhold their vote.

To appoint a proxy using the proxy form, the form must be:
•  completed and signed; and
•   sent  or  delivered  to  Capita  Registrars  at  Proxies  Department, The  Registry,  34  Beckenham  Road,  Beckenham,  Kent,  BR3 
4TU or Computershare Investor Services (Pty) Limited, Ground Floor, 70 Marshall Street, Johannesburg 2001, South Africa 
(PO Box 61051, Marshalltown 2107, Johannesburg, South Africa); no later than 10h00 on Friday, 12 November 2010.

 In the case of a member which is a company, the proxy form must be executed under its common seal or signed on its behalf by 
an offi cer of the company or an attorney for the company.

 Any power of attorney or any other authority under which the proxy form is signed (or a duly certifi ed copy of such power or 
authority) must be included with the proxy form.

Appointment of  proxy by joint members
7.  

 In  the  case  of  joint  holders,  where  more  than  one  of  the  joint  holders  purports  to  appoint  a  proxy,  only  the  appointment 
submitted by the most senior holder will be accepted. Seniority is determined by the order in which the names of the joint 
holders appear in the Company’s register of members in respect of the joint holding (the fi rst-named being the most senior).

Changing proxy instructions
8. 

 To change your proxy instructions simply submit a new proxy appointment using the methods set out above. Note that the 
cut-off time for receipt of proxy appointments (see above) also applies in relation to amended instructions; any amended proxy 
appointment received after the relevant cut-off time will be disregarded.

 Where you have appointed a proxy using the hard-copy proxy form and would like to change the instructions using another 
hard-copy proxy form, please contact Capita Registrars, Proxies Department, The Registry, 34 Beckenham Road, Beckenham, Kent 

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BR3 4TU or Computershare Investor Services (Pty) Limited, Ground Floor, 70 Marshall Street, Johannesburg 2001, South Africa 
(PO Box 61051, Marshalltown 2107, Johannesburg, South Africa).

 If you submit more than one valid proxy appointment, the appointment received last before the latest time for the receipt of 
proxies will take precedence.

Termination of  proxy appointments
9. 

 In order to revoke a proxy instruction you will need to inform the Registrar by sending a signed hard copy notice clearly stating 
your intention to revoke your proxy appointment as above. In the case of a member which is a company, the revocation notice 
must be executed under its common seal or signed on its behalf by an offi cer of the company or an attorney for the company. 
Any power of attorney or any other authority under which the revocation notice is signed (or a duly certifi ed copy of such power 
or authority) must be included with the revocation notice.

 The revocation notice must be received by Capita Registrars or Computershare Investor Services (Pty) Limited no later than 
10h00 on Friday, 12 November 2010. If you attempt to revoke your proxy appointment but the revocation is received after the 
time specifi ed then, subject to the paragraph directly below, your proxy appointment will remain valid.

 Appointment of a proxy does not preclude you from attending the AGM and voting in person. If you have appointed a proxy and 
attend the AGM in person, your proxy appointment will automatically be terminated.

Issued shares and tot al vot  ing rights
10.   As at 18h00 on 15 October 2010, the Company’s issued share capital comprised 1,413,540,711 ordinary shares of 1p each. Each 
ordinary share carries the right to one vote at a general meeting of the Company and, therefore, the total number of voting rights 
in the Company as at 18h00 on 15 October 2010 was 1,413,540,711.

Directors’ interests and documents on display
11.   A statement or summary of transactions of directors (and their family interests) in the share capital of the Company and copies of 
their service contracts will be available for inspection at the Company’s registered offi ce during normal business hours (Saturdays 
and public holidays excepted) from the date of this notice until the conclusion of the AGM and will also be available for inspection 
at the place of the AGM for at least 15 minutes prior to and during the meeting.

CREST
12.   CREST members who wish to appoint a proxy or proxies through the CREST electronic proxy appointment service may do 
so for the meeting and any adjournment(s) thereof by using the procedures described in the CREST manual. CREST personal 
members or other CREST sponsored members, and those CREST members who have appointed a voting service provider(s), 
should refer to their CREST sponsor or voting service provider(s), who will be able to take the appropriate action on their behalf.

13.   In order for a proxy appointment or instruction made using the CREST service to be valid, the appropriate CREST message 
(a “CREST Proxy Instruction”) must be properly authenticated in accordance with Euroclear’s specifi cations and must contain the 
information required for such instructions, as described in the CREST Manual. The message, regardless of whether it constitutes 
the appointment of a proxy or to an amendment to the instruction given to a previously appointed proxy must, in order to 
be valid, be transmitted so as to be received by the issuer’s agent (ID: RA10) by 10h00 on Friday, 12 November 2010 (or 48 
hours preceding the date and time for any adjourned meeting). For this purpose, the time of receipt will be taken to be the time 
(as determined by the timestamp applied to the message by the CREST Applications Host) from which the issuer’s agent is able to 
retrieve the message enquiry to CREST in the manner prescribed by CREST. After this time any change of instructions to proxies 
appointed through CREST should be communicated to the appointee through other means.

14.   CREST members, and, where applicable, their CREST sponsors or voting service providers should note that Euroclear does not 
make available special procedures in CREST for any particular messages. Normal system timings and limitations will therefore 
apply in relation to the input of CREST Proxy Instructions. It is the responsibility of the CREST member concerned to take (or, 
if the CREST member is a CREST personal member or sponsored member or has appointed a voting service provider(s) to 
procure that his CREST sponsor or voting service provider(s) take(s) such action as shall be necessary to ensure that a message 
is transmitted by means of the CREST system by any particular time). In this connection, CREST members and, where applicable, 
their CREST sponsors or voting service providers are referred, in particular, to those sections of the CREST manual concerning 
practical limitations of the CREST system and timings.

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

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Glossary of  Terms and Abbreviations

Term

Adit

Defi nition

A mining tunnel that is mined from the side of a mountain or mining pit

Attributable Profi t to the Parent

Profi t on ordinary activities, after tax, minority interests and preference dividends, attributable 
to ordinary equity shareholders

Cash Cost

Cash costs include direct operating costs for all mining and processing sites, but are exclusive of 
royalties, production taxes, depreciation and rehabilitation, as well as corporate administration, 
capital and exploration costs

Chrome Tailings

Discards from a chrome washing plant be it historical (tailings dams) or new (current arisings)

Chrome Tailings Retreatment 
Programme

This is a fl otation plant constructed to recover PGMs from chrome tailings

Current Arisings

Criminal Miners

Decline 

Development Capital

Earnings Per Share

Effective Tax Rate

Fatal Injury

Greenstone Belt 

The live tailings discarded by the chrome operators’ washing plant and fed directly to a CTRP

Trespassers who enter mining operations and illegally remove visible gold

Underground evacuation at an inclined angle – normally a shaft

Capital expenditure incurred in development of the workings areas and creation of additional 
Mineral Resources to support the mining operations

Attributable profi t to the parent company divided by the weighted average number of shares

Current and deferred taxation as a percentage of net profi t before taxation

An injury that caused the death of a person

Geological zone of variably metamorphosed matic to ultramatic volcanic sequences with 
associated sedimentary rocks that occur within Archaean and Proterozoic cratons between 
granite and gneiss

Headline Earnings Per Share

Headline earnings attributable to the parent company divided by the weighted average number 
of shares

In situ

Indicated Resource

Inferred Resource

Lost Day Severity Rate

Lost Time Injury Rate

Measured Resource

Probable Reserve

Proved Reserve

Reserve Base

Serious Injury

Original or unbroken condition of the reef before mining

A mineral resource reported as an in situ mineralisation estimate – intermediate level of 
geoscientifi c knowledge and confi dence

A mineral resource reported as an in situ mineralisation estimate – low level of geoscientifi c 
knowledge and confi dence

The lost day severity rate is calculated as the total lost days resulting from accidents during a 
period divided by the total lost day cases and this number represents the average days away

The rate of lost time injuries occurring per 1,000,000 hours worked

A mineral resource reported as an in situ mineralisation estimate – high level of geoscientifi c 
knowledge and confi dence

A mineral reserve reported as a mineable production estimate – lower level of geoscientifi c 
knowledge and confi dence

A mineral reserve reported as a mineable production estimate – higher level of geoscientifi c 
knowledge and confi dence

A mineral reserve reported as a mineable production estimate – the probable and proved 
reserve

An injury that incapacitates the employee from performing that employee’s similar occupation 
for a period of 14 days or more

Underground mining

Mining activities occurring below the earth’s surface

Vamping tons

Reef tons emanating from cleaning out of old underground working places

104

Abbreviation

Defi nition

Barberton Mines

Barberton Mines (Pty) Limited

BBBEE

BFS

BIOX®

CIL

CTRP

DMR

IRR

Broad Based Black Economic Empowerment

Bankable Feasibility Study

Biological Oxidation

Carbon-in-leach

Chromite Tailings Retreatment Plant

Department of Mineral Resources: South African Governmental department (Previously DME)

Internal Rate of Return

Maintenance Capital

Capital expenditure incurred to support or improve the current mining operations

Metorex

Mining Profi t

MPRDA

NPV

Metorex Limited – held 53.4% in Pan African until 1 July 2009

Mining profi t represents the profi ts earned from the Group’s mines and is stated before 
royalties, impairment of exploration assets and other (expenses)/income not directly related to 
the Group’s mining operations

The South African Mineral and Petroleum Resources Development Act 28 of 2002

Net Present Value

Pan African or the Company

Pan African Resources PLC

PFS 

PGE

PGM

PGM 4E

Phoenix Platinum

RC

SAMREC

The SAMREC Code

Pre-Feasibility Study

Platinum Group Elements generally referring to all elements associated with platinum i.e. 
platinum, palladium, rhodium, gold, ruthenium, iridium etc. 

Platinum Group Minerals/Metals

Platinum Group Minerals/Metals only including the 4 Elements- Platinum, Palladium, Rhodium 
and Gold

Phoenix Platinum Mining (Pty) Limited – The Chromite Tailings Retreatment Plant in the 
North-West province, South Africa

Reverse Circulation: drilling method

The South African Resource Committee

The South African code for the reporting of exploration results, mineral resources and mineral 
reserves

Shanduka

Shanduka Gold (Pty) Limited, a 100% subsidiary of Shanduka Resources (Pty) Limited

Pan African Resources PLC Annual Report  2010

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Not es

106

Form of  Proxy - Pan African Resources PLC

(Incorporated and registered in England and Wales under Companies Act 1985
with registration number 3937466 on 25 February 2000)
Share code on AIM: PAF          ISIN: GB0004300496          Share code JSE: PAN

This Form of Proxy is for use by all non-South African shareholders and for South African certifi cated shareholders and South African own name 
dematerialised shareholders only.

I/We, the undersigned, being a member of the above-named company, hereby appoint the Chairman of the Meeting or (see note 1)

Name of proxy 

Number of shares proxies appointed over

as my/our proxy to attend, speak and vote on my/our behalf at the Annual General Meeting of Pan African Resources Plc to be held at the offi ce of 
Fasken Martineau LLP, Fourth Floor, 17 Hanover Square, London W1S 1HU at 10h00 on Monday, 15 November 2010 at any adjournment thereof. 

If you wish to appoint multiple proxies please see note 1 below.  

Please also tick here if you are appointing more than one proxy.

The proxy will vote on the undermentioned resolutions, as indicated.

ORDINARY BUSINESS: 

For 

Against 

Voting Withheld* 

Discretionary**

1. 

 To receive the Accounts and the reports of the 
directors and auditors thereon 

2.  To re-elect Mr R G Still as a Director of the Company 

3.  To re-elect Mr J P Nelson as a Director of the Company 

4. 

5. 

 To approve the fi nal dividend of 0.3723p per share for 
the year ended 30 June 2010. 

 To re-appoint Deloitte LLP as auditors of the 
Company and to authorise the Directors to 
determine their remuneration

SPECIAL BUSINESS: 

For 

Against 

Voting Withheld* 

Discretionary**

6.  To authorise the Directors to allot equity securities 

7.  To disapply the statutory pre-emption rights 

8.  To approve off market purchases of Ordinary Shares 

If this form is signed and returned without any indication as to how the 
proxy shall vote, he will exercise his discretion both as to how he votes 
(and whether or not he abstains from voting). 

* The ‘Vote Withheld’ option is to enable you to abstain on the specifi ed 
resolution. Please note a ‘Vote Withheld’ has no legal effect and will not 
be counted in the votes ‘For’ and ‘Against’.

** If you select ‘Discretionary’ or fail to select any of the given options, 
the  proxy  is  authorised  to  vote  (or  abstain  from  voting)  at  his  or  her 
discretion  on  the  specifi ed  resolution. The  proxy  is  also  authorised  to 
vote (or abstain from voting) on any other business, which may properly 
come before the meeting.

(BLOCK CAPITALS)

Print Name: 

Signature:

Address: 

Dated this 

day of 

2010

Notes
1.   To appoint as a proxy a person other than the Chairman of the meeting insert the full 
name in the space provided. To appoint more than one proxy you may photocopy this 
form. Please indicate the proxy holder’s name and the number of shares in relation to 
which they are authorised to act as your proxy (which, in aggregate, should not exceed 
the number of shares held by you). Please also indicate if the proxy instruction is one 
of multiple instructions being given. All forms must be signed and should be returned 
together in the same envelope. A proxy need not be a member of the Company.
2.   This form is for use of shareholders only and will be used only in the event of a poll 

being directed or demanded.

3.   You may, if you wish, delete the words “the Chairman of the Meeting” and substitute 

the names(s) of your choice. Please initial such alteration.

4.   To  be  effective,  this  form  of  proxy  must  be  lodged  at  the  Company’s  registrars, 
Capita Registrars, PXS, The Registry, 34 Beckenham Road, Beckenham, Kent BR3 4TU 
or  Computershare  Investor  Services  2004  (Pty)  Limited,  Ground  Floor,  70  Marshall 
Street, Johannesburg 2001, South Africa not later than 48 hours before the start of 
the meeting.

5.   In the case of a corporation, the form must be executed under its common seal or 

under the hand of an offi cer or attorney duly authorised in writing.

6.   In the case of joint holders, the signature of any of them will suffi ce but the names of all 
joint holders should be shown. The vote of the senior joint holder who tenders a vote 
whether in person or by proxy, shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the 
other joint holders, and for this purpose seniority shall be determined by the order in 
which the names stand in the Register of Members in respect of the joint holding.
7.   Dematerialised shareholders in South Africa who are not own name dematerialised 
shareholders and who wish to attend the AGM should instruct their CSDP or broker 
to  issue  them  with  the  necessary  authority  to  attend  the  meeting  in  person,  in  the 
manner stipulated in the custody agreement governing the relationship between such 
shareholders and their CSDP or broker. These instructions must be provided to the 
CSDP  or  broker  by  the  cut-off  time  and  date  advised  by  the  CSDP  or  broker  for 
instructions of this nature. Dematerialised shareholders in South Africa who are not 
own name dematerialised shareholders and who cannot attend but who wish to vote 
at  the AGM  should  provide  their  CSDP  or  broker  with  their  voting  instructions,  in 
the manner stipulated in the custody agreement governing the relationship between 
such shareholders and their CSDP or broker. These instructions must be provided to 
the CSDP or broker by the cut-off time and date advised by the CSDP or broker for 
instructions of this nature.

8.   Shares held in uncertifi cated form (i.e. in CREST) may be voted through the CREST 
Proxy Voting Service in accordance with the procedures set out in the CREST manual.

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
POSTAGE WILL
BE PAID BY THE
ADDRESSEE

Second Fold

NO POSTAGE
NECESSARY IF
POSTED IN
SOUTH AFRICA

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BUSINESS REPLY SERVICE
LICENCE NO. J 5563

2107 MARSHALLTOWN

Third Fold
and tuck in fl ap opposite

 
The diff erence

• Dividend paying gold company 
• Unhedged and debt free
• Gold production: shallow, low cost & high grade 
• Consistent year-on-year improvement in productivity 
•  Low cost & high grade platinum production from surface 

due in 2011 

• Management team with a proven track record of  delivery

Platinum - tipped gold – with a yield 

www.panafricanresources.com