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PBF Energy

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FY2016 Annual Report · PBF Energy
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PBF Energy Inc. 
2016 Annual Report

The PBF  
Energy Refining 
System 
At-a glance

PADD 4

Toleded

edo

PADD 5

PADD 2

Paulsboro

Delaware
City

Torrance

PADD 1

PADD 3

Chalmette

Chalmette Refinery 

The Chalmette refinery, in Louisiana, is a 189,000 barrel per day, dual-train coking

refinery with a Nelson Complexity of 12.7 and is capable of processing both light and

heavy crude oil. The facility is strategically positioned on the Gulf Coast with strong

logistics connectivity that offers flexible raw material sourcing and product distribution 

opportunities, including the potential to export products.

Delaware City Refinery 

The Delaware City refinery has a throughput capacity of 190,000 bpd and a Nelson

complexity rating of 11.3. As a result of its configuration and petroleum refinery

processing units, Delaware City has the capability to process a diverse heavy

slate of crudes with a high concentration of high sulfur crudes making it one of the

largest and most complex refineries on the East Coast.

Cover: Torrance Refinery

PBF Energy (“PBF”) is a growth-oriented independent petroleum refiner and supplier 

of unbranded petroleum products. We are committed to the safe, reliable and 

environmentally responsible operations of our five domestic oil refineries, and related 

assets, with a combined processing capacity of approximately 900,000 bpd and a 

weighted average Nelson Complexity Index of 12.2.

PBF Energy also owns approximately 44% of PBF Logistics LP (NYSE: PBFX). PBF 

Logistics LP, headquartered in Parsippany, New Jersey, is a fee-based, growth-oriented, 

publicly-traded, master limited partnership formed by PBF Energy to own or lease, 

operate, develop and acquire crude oil and refined petroleum products, terminals, 

pipelines, storage facilities and similar logistics assets.

Paulsboro Refinery 

The Paulsboro refinery has a throughput capacity of 180,000 bpd and a Nelson

complexity rating of 13.2. The Paulsboro refinery is located on the Delaware River in

Paulsboro, New Jersey, just south of Philadelphia, and is approximately 30 miles north

of the Delaware City refinery. The Paulsboro and Delaware City refineries are the only

two operating petroleum refineries on the East Coast with coking capacity.

Toledo Refinery 

The Toledo refinery has a throughput capacity of 170,000 bpd and a Nelson

complexity rating of 9.2. Toledo processes a slate of light crude oils from Canada, the

Mid-continent and the U.S. Gulf Coast. Toledo produces a high volume of finished

products including gasoline and ultra-low sulfur diesel, in addition to a variety of high-

value petrochemicals including nonene, xylene, tetramer and toluene.

Torrance Refinery 

The Torrance refinery has a throughput capacity of 155,000 barrels per day and is 

PBF’s most complex refinery with a Nelson Complexity index of 14.9. The refinery

receives its crude oil primarily through a pipeline connection to central California and 

also has access to waterborne feedstocks through the Ports of Los Angeles and Long 

Beach. The refinery produces approximately 1.8 billion gallons of gasoline per year,

which represents approximately ten percent of the gasoline consumed in California. 

To Our Shareholders

2016 was a year of highs and lows for PBF. Operationally, we did not capture all that our 

refineries are capable of delivering and this is reflected in our reported results. Despite the

operational headwinds, it is the nature of our business that even in a year such as 2016, our

refining system generated more than $650 million in cash from operations. As part of our

longer term strategy of growing our business, we took another major step along that path by

increasing our refining capacity and geographic diversity with the acquisition of the Torrance 

refinery and its associated logistics assets located in the Los Angeles Basin.

In 2016, excluding special items, PBF generated EBITDA of approximately $201 million and 

an operating loss of $22 million for the year, resulting in an adjusted fully-converted net loss of 

$1.41 per share, on a fully-exchanged and fully-diluted basis. We invested $1.6 billion in the 

business through turnarounds, capital expenditures and acquisitions, of which the Torrance 

acquisition totaled $972 million including working capital. We finished 2016 with a cash balance 

of $746 million, total liquidity of approximately $1.3 billion and a net debt to capitalization ratio 

of 32%, excluding special items.

In recognition of the earnings potential of our assets, our board and management continue to

support a regular annual dividend, paid quarterly, of $1.20 per share. In 2016, PBF paid out

$123 million in four separate non-tax distributions.

Our logistics partner, PBF Logistics (or the “Partnership”) had a record 2016 and continued to

grow its operations and increase distributions to its unit holders. PBF Logistics completed its

first third-party transaction with the acquisition of more than four million barrels of East Coast

storage capacity in the greater Philadelphia region. Additionally, through the fourth drop-down

transaction with PBF Energy, PBF Logistics acquired a 50 percent interest in the Torrance Valley

Pipeline Company, comprised of an extended crude oil gathering and delivery system directly 

connected to the Torrance refinery, for $175 million. On a combined basis, the Partnership

grew its revenue base by almost 70 percent through these two transactions. Since the time of 

its initial public offering, PBF Logistics has increased its EBITDA more than two-fold and has

supported a compound annual distribution growth rate of approximately 18 percent through the 

end of 2016. PBF Energy continues to be a strong sponsor for the Partnership and currently 

owns approximately 44 percent of PBF Logistics and 100 percent of the incentive distribution

rights and the general partner. PBF Logistics continues to provide PBF Energy with a valuable

partner for growth.

Growth is a crucial element of our past success and a guiding strategy for realizing our future

potential. Late in 2015, we added the Chalmette refinery on the Gulf Coast to our increasingly 

diverse asset base. In 2016, we began the work of increasing the reliability and profitability of 

Chalmette by installing new leadership and identifying margin enhancement opportunities. In the 

first months of 2017, we conducted the first turnaround at Chalmette under PBF’s ownership. 

We are also undertaking a number of projects at Chalmette that, when complete, will improve 

our margin capture opportunities. We are restarting a reformer, and other related units, which

will increase our high-value product yield and we are building, through PBF Logistics, a new 

625,000 barrel crude oil tank which will improve our dock logistics and increase our ability

to export products.

In July of 2016, we acquired the Torrance refinery in California and this plant has the potential

to become the strongest asset in our portfolio over time. In order to get to that point, we 

must improve Torrance’s reliability and this is an effort from the ground up. We put in place a

new refinery management team and we are adding additional internal and external resources 

to ensure that this effort remains a top priority for the company. We have two significant

turnarounds ahead in the first half of 2017 and executing these important overhauls will be

significant steps in improving Torrance’s reliability.

Focusing on refinery safety and reliability is the long-term route to profitability. As merchant

refiners, we operate very complex assets under increasingly stringent regulations and we must

do this safely and reliably in order to be successful and, ultimately, reward our shareholders.

There are many aspects of our business that we cannot control but operational excellence is

within our control and the bedrock of our company.

As we look forward in 2017, our top priority remains the safe, reliable and environmentally 

responsible operations of all our assets. We are continuing the integration of Chalmette and

Torrance and we expect that these assets will become the engines that drive our results. We

are focused on improving the reliability of all five of our refining assets by allocating resources 

and promoting best practices with the renewed goal of surpassing the standards that are set 

for our industry in both safety and environmental performance. We remain focused on the

health of our balance sheet and positioning the company for further accretive growth.

Before closing, I would like to thank our former Executive Chairman of the Board, Thomas D.

O’Malley, for his service to PBF and his mentorship of our executives. I would also like to thank 

Eija Malmivirta for her insights and counsel as a Director of PBF and wish her well in her next

endeavor. I also thank our Board of Directors for their continued stewardship and guidance.

Additionally, I would like to thank all of PBF’s employees for their dedication and commitment;

they are the foundation of our company and the source of any successes we may enjoy. 

Finally, we thank our shareholders for your continued support. We will continue to work diligently

to reward the trust and investments that you have placed with us.

Sincerely,

Tom Nimbley

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

“ Focusing on  
refinery safety 
and reliability is 
the long-term 
route to  
profitability.” 

Tom Nimbley
Chairman and
Chief Executive Officer

 
PBF Energy Inc.

PBF Energy Board of Directors 
(left to right)

Eija Malmivirta
Member of Compensation
Committee, Member of Health,
Safety and Environmental 
Committee

Wayne A. Budd
Chairman of Nominating
and Corporate Governance
Committees

William Hantke
Member of Audit Committee

Dennis Houston
Chairman of Health, Safety 
and Environmental Committee,
Member of Audit Committee

Thomas J. Nimbley
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer

Edward Kosnick
Lead Director and Chairman
of Audit Committee

Gene Edwards
Member of Nominating and 
Corporate Governance Committee,
Member of Health, Safety and 
Environmental Committee

Spencer Abraham
Chairman of Compensation
Committee, Member of Nominating
and Corporate Governance
Committees

Robert J. Lavinia
Member of Compensation Committee

PBF Logistics Board of Directors
(left to right)

Michael Gayda
Director 

Matthew C. Lucey
Director 

George Ogden
Member of Audit Committee

Bruce Jones
Member of Audit Committee 

Thomas J. Nimbley 
Chairman and Chief 
Executive Officer 

Erik Young
Director 

Dave Roush
Chairman of Audit Committee

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark one) 

Or 

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended: December 31, 2016 

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from            to              
Commission File Number: 001-35764 

PBF ENERGY INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

DELAWARE

(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

One Sylvan Way, Second Floor
Parsippany, New Jersey

(Address of principal executive offices)

45-3763855 

(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.)

07054

(Zip Code)

Registrants’ telephone number, including area code: (973) 455-7500
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class

Class A Common Stock, $0.001 par value 

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None.

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  

Yes  

No

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  

Yes    

No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months 
(or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports); and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. 

  Yes    

  No

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted 
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such 
files). 

  Yes    

  No

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best 
of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.   

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large 
accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated
filer

Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer
(Do not check if a
smaller reporting
company)

Smaller reporting
company

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  

  Yes    

  No

The aggregate market value of the Common Stock of PBF Energy Inc. held by non-affiliates as of June 30, 2016 was $2,326,301,876 based upon the New York Stock Exchange 
Composite Transaction closing price. 

As of February 22, 2017, PBF Energy Inc. had outstanding 109,283,665 shares of Class A common stock and 28 shares of Class B common stock.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
PBF Energy Inc. intends to file with the Securities and Exchange Commission a definitive Proxy Statement for its Annual Meeting of Stockholders within 120 days after December 31, 
2016. Portions of the Proxy Statement are incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K to the extent stated herein.

PBF ENERGY INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART I

Item 1.

Business

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Item 2.
Item 3.

Properties
Legal Proceedings

Item 4.

Mine Safety Disclosures

PART II

Item 5.

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer
Purchases of Equity Securities

Item 6.
Item 7.
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Selected Financial Data
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 8.

Item 9.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Item 9B. Other Information

PART III

Item 10.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Item 11.

Executive Compensation

Item 12.
Item 13.
Item 14.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related
Stockholder Matters
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence
Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Item 15.

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

PART IV

SIGNATURES

4

29

50
50
50

52

53

57
59
99

101

101

101

102

102

102

102
103
103

104

2

Explanatory Note

This Annual Report on Form 10-K is filed by PBF Energy Inc. (“PBF Energy”) which is a holding company 
whose primary asset is an equity interest in PBF Energy Company LLC ("PBF LLC"). PBF Energy is the sole 
managing  member  of,  and  owner  of  an  equity  interest  representing  approximately  96.5%  of  the  outstanding 
economic interests in, PBF LLC as of December 31, 2016. PBF Energy operates and controls all of the business 
and affairs and consolidates the financial results of PBF LLC and its subsidiaries. PBF LLC is a holding company 
for the companies that directly and indirectly own and operate the business. 

PART I

This Annual Report on Form 10-K is filed by PBF Energy. Unless the context indicates otherwise, the terms 
“we,” “us,” and “our” refer to both PBF Energy and its consolidated subsidiaries, including PBF LLC, PBF Holding 
Company LLC ("PBF Holding"), PBF Investments LLC (“PBF Investments”), Toledo Refining Company LLC 
(“Toledo Refining” or "TRC"), Paulsboro Refining Company LLC (“Paulsboro Refining” or "PRC"), Delaware 
City Refining Company LLC (“Delaware City Refining” or "DCR"), Chalmette Refining, L.L.C. ("Chalmette 
Refining"), PBF Western Region LLC ("PBF Western Region"), Torrance Refining Company LLC ("Torrance 
Refining"), Torrance Logistics Company LLC ("Torrance Logistics"), PBF Logistics GP LLC ("PBF GP") and 
PBF Logistics LP ("PBFX"). 

In this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we make certain forward-looking statements, including statements 
regarding our plans, strategies, objectives, expectations, intentions, and resources, under the safe harbor provisions 
of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 to the extent such statements relate to the operations of an 
entity that is not a limited liability company or a partnership. You should read our forward-looking statements 
together with our disclosures under the heading: “Cautionary Statement for the Purpose of Safe Harbor Provisions 
of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.” When considering forward-looking statements, you should 
keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements set forth in this Annual Report on Form 10-K under 
“Risk Factors” in Item 1A.

3

ITEM. 1 BUSINESS 

Overview

We are one of the largest independent petroleum refiners and suppliers of unbranded transportation fuels, 
heating oil, petrochemical feedstocks, lubricants and other petroleum products in the United States. We sell our 
products throughout the Northeast, Midwest, Gulf Coast and West Coast of the United States, as well as in other 
regions of the United States and Canada, and are able to ship products to other international destinations. We were 
formed  in  2008  to  pursue  acquisitions  of  crude  oil  refineries  and  downstream  assets  in  North America. As  of 
December 31, 2016, we own and operate five domestic oil refineries and related assets, which we acquired in 2010, 
2011, 2015 and 2016. Our refineries have a combined processing capacity, known as throughput, of approximately 
900,000 barrels per day (“bpd”), and a weighted-average Nelson Complexity Index of 12.2. We operate in two 
reportable business segments: Refining and Logistics.

PBF Energy was formed on November 7, 2011 and is a holding company whose primary asset is a controlling 
equity interest in PBF LLC. We are the sole managing member of PBF LLC and operate and control all of the 
business and affairs of PBF LLC. We consolidate the financial results of PBF LLC and its subsidiaries and record 
a  noncontrolling  interest  in  our  consolidated  financial  statements  representing  the  economic  interests  of  the 
members of PBF LLC other than PBF Energy. PBF LLC is a holding company for the companies that directly or 
indirectly own and operate our business. PBF LLC is PBF Energy’s predecessor for accounting purposes. Our 
financial statements and results of operations for periods prior to the completion of our initial public offering are 
those of PBF LLC. PBF Holding is a wholly-owned subsidiary of PBF LLC and is the parent company for our 
refining operations. PBF Energy, through its ownership of PBF LLC, also consolidates the financial results of 
PBFX and records a noncontrolling interest for the economic interests in PBFX held by the public common unit 
holders of PBFX.

On February 6, 2015, we completed a public offering of 3,804,653 shares of Class A common stock in a 
secondary offering (the "February 2015 secondary offering"). All of the shares in the February 2015 secondary 
offering  were  sold  by  funds  affiliated  with  The  Blackstone  Group  L.P.  ("Blackstone")  and  First  Reserve 
Management L.P. ("First Reserve"). In connection with the February 2015 secondary offering, Blackstone and 
First Reserve exchanged all of their remaining PBF LLC Series A Units for an equivalent number of shares of 
Class A common stock of PBF Energy, and as a result, Blackstone and First Reserve no longer hold any PBF LLC 
Series A Units. The holders of PBF LLC Series B Units, which include certain executive officers of PBF Energy, 
received a portion of the proceeds of the sale of the PBF Energy Class A common stock by Blackstone and First 
Reserve in accordance with the amended and restated limited liability company agreement of PBF LLC. PBF 
Energy did not receive any proceeds from the February 2015 secondary offering. 

On  October 13,  2015,  we  completed  a  public  offering  of  an  aggregate  of  11,500,000  shares  of  Class A 
common stock, including 1,500,000 shares of Class A common stock that were sold pursuant to the exercise of an 
over-allotment option, for net proceeds of $344.0 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions 
and other offering expenses (the "October 2015 Equity Offering"). On November 24, 2015, our subsidiary, PBF 
Holding, issued $500.0 million aggregate principal amount of 7.00% Senior Secured Notes due 2023 (the "2023 
Senior Secured Notes").

On December 19, 2016, we completed a public offering of an aggregate of 10,000,000 shares of Class A 
common stock for net proceeds of $274.3 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and 
other  estimated offering expenses (the "December 2016 Equity Offering"). 

As  of  December 31,  2016,  we  held  109,204,047  PBF  LLC  Series  C  Units  and  our  current  and  former 
executive officers and directors and certain employees held 3,920,902 PBF LLC Series A Units (we refer to all of 
the holders of the PBF LLC Series A Units as “the members of PBF LLC other than PBF Energy”). As a result, 
the holders of our issued and outstanding shares of our Class A common stock have approximately 96.5% of the 
voting power in us, and the members of PBF LLC other than PBF Energy through their holdings of Class B common 
stock have approximately 3.5% of the voting power in us. 

4

Refining

Our five refineries are located in Delaware City, Delaware, Paulsboro, New Jersey, Toledo, Ohio, New 

Orleans, Louisiana and Torrance, California. Each of these refineries is briefly described in the table below:

Refinery

Delaware City

Region
East Coast

Paulsboro

East Coast

Toledo

Chalmette

Mid-
Continent

Gulf Coast

Torrance

West Coast

________

Nelson
Complexity

Throughput Capacity
(in barrels per day)

11.3

13.2

9.2

12.7

14.9

190,000

180,000

170,000

189,000

155,000

PADD
1

1

2

3

5

Crude Processed (1)
medium and
heavy sour crude

medium and
heavy sour crude

light, sweet
crude

light and heavy
crude

Source (1)
water, rail

water, rail

pipeline,
truck, rail

water,
pipeline

heavy and
medium crude

pipeline,
water, truck

(1) Reflects the typical crude and feedstocks and related sources utilized under normal operating conditions and 
prevailing market environments.

On July 1, 2016, we closed our acquisition of the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets (the “Torrance 
Acquisition”). The Torrance refinery is strategically positioned in Southern California with advantaged logistics 
connectivity  that  offers  flexible  raw  material  sourcing  and  product  distribution  opportunities  primarily  in  the 
California, Las Vegas and Phoenix area markets.

In addition to refining assets, the Torrance Acquisition included a number of high-quality logistics assets 
including a sophisticated network of crude and products pipelines, product distribution terminals and refinery crude 
and  product  storage  facilities.  The  most  significant  of  the  logistics  assets  is  a  189-mile  crude  gathering  and 
transportation system which delivers San Joaquin Valley crude oil directly from the field to the refinery. Additionally, 
the transaction included several pipelines which provide access to sources of crude oil including the Ports of Long 
Beach and Los Angeles, as well as clean product outlets with a direct pipeline supplying jet fuel to the Los Angeles 
airport. The Torrance refinery also has crude and product storage facilities with approximately 8.6 million barrels 
of shell capacity.

Logistics

PBFX is a fee-based, growth-oriented, publicly traded Delaware master limited partnership formed by PBF 
Energy to own or lease, operate, develop and acquire crude oil and refined petroleum products terminals, pipelines, 
storage facilities and similar logistics assets. PBFX engages in the receiving, handling, storing and transferring of 
crude oil, refined products and intermediates from sources located throughout the United States and Canada for 
PBF Energy in support of certain of its refineries. 

On May 14, 2014, PBFX completed its initial public offering (the “PBFX Offering”). On April 5, 2016, 
PBFX completed a public offering of an aggregate of 2,875,000 common units, including 375,000 common units 
that were sold pursuant to the full exercise by the underwriter of its option to purchase additional common units, 
for net proceeds of $51.6 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering 
expenses (the “April 2016 PBFX Equity Offering”). In addition, on August 17, 2016, PBFX completed a public 
offering of an aggregate of 4,000,000 common units, and granted the underwriter an option to purchase an additional 
600,000 common units, of which 375,000 units were subsequently purchased on September 14, 2016, for total net 
proceeds of $86.7 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses 
(the “August 2016 PBFX Equity Offering” and, together with the April 2016 PBFX Offering, the “2016 PBFX 
Equity Offerings”). 

5

As of December 31, 2016, PBF LLC held a 44.2% limited partner interest (consisting of 2,572,944 common 
units and 15,886,553 subordinated units) in PBFX, with the remaining 55.8% limited partner interest held by the 
public unit holders. PBF LLC also owns all of the incentive distribution rights ("IDRs") and indirectly owns a non-
economic general partner interest in PBFX through its wholly-owned subsidiary, PBF Logistics GP LLC (“PBF 
GP”), the general partner of PBFX. During the subordination period (as set forth in the partnership agreement of 
PBFX) holders of the subordinated units are not entitled to receive any distribution of available cash until the 
common units have received the minimum quarterly distribution plus any arrearages in the payment of the minimum 
quarterly  distribution  from  prior  quarters.  If  PBFX  does  not  pay  distributions  on  the  subordinated  units,  the 
subordinated units will not accrue arrearages for those unpaid distributions. Each subordinated unit will convert 
into one common unit at the end of the subordination period. The IDRs entitle PBF LLC to receive increasing 
percentages, up to a maximum of 50.0%, of the cash PBFX distributes from operating surplus in excess of $0.345 
per unit per quarter. 

On April 29, 2016, PBFX's wholly-owned subsidiary, PBF Logistics Products Terminals LLC, completed 
the purchase of the assets of four refined product terminals located in the greater Philadelphia region (the “East 
Coast Terminals”) from an affiliate of Plains All American Pipeline, L.P. The East Coast Terminals include a total 
of 57 product tanks with a total shell capacity of approximately 4.2 million barrels, pipeline connections to the 
Colonial Pipeline Company, Buckeye Partners, Sunoco Logistics Partners and other proprietary pipeline systems, 
26 truck loading lanes and marine facilities capable of handling barges and ships (collectively, the "PBFX Plains 
Asset Purchase"). With the Plains Asset Purchase, PBFX increased its total shell capacity to over 8.1 million barrels. 
This acquisition expands PBFX's storage and terminaling footprint and introduces third-party customers to its 
revenue base. 

On August 31, 2016, PBFX entered into a contribution agreement (the "TVPC Contribution Agreement") 
between PBFX and PBF LLC. Pursuant to the TVPC Contribution Agreement, PBFX acquired from PBF LLC 
50% of the issued and outstanding limited liability company interests of the Torrance Valley Pipeline Company 
LLC ("TVPC"), whose assets consist of the 189-mile San Joaquin Valley Pipeline system, including the M55, M1 
and M70 pipeline systems, including 11 pipeline stations with storage capacity and truck unloading capability at 
two of the stations (collectively, the “Torrance Valley Pipeline”). 

See “Item 1A. Risk Factors” and “Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director 

Independence.”

Recent Developments

Contribution Agreement

On February 15, 2017, PBF LLC entered into a contribution agreement with PBFX pursuant to which PBF 
LLC has agreed to contribute to PBFX all of the issued and outstanding limited liability company interests of 
Paulsboro Natural Gas Pipeline Company LLC. The transaction is expected to close on February 28, 2017.

Storage Services Agreement

On February 15, 2017, PBF Holding and PBFX’s wholly-owned subsidiary, PBFX Operating Company 
("PBFX Op Co") entered into a ten-year storage services agreement (the “Chalmette Storage Agreement”) under 
which PBFX, through PBFX Op Co, will provide storage services to PBF Holding upon the earlier of November 
1, 2017 and the completion of construction of a new tank at our Chalmette refinery. PBFX Op Co and Chalmette 
Refining have entered into a twenty-year lease for the premises upon which the tank will be located and a project 
management agreement pursuant to which Chalmette Refining will manage the construction of the tank.

6

Available Information

Our website address is www.pbfenergy.com. Information contained on our website is not part of this Annual 
Report  on  Form 10-K.  Our  annual  reports  on  Form 10-K,  quarterly  reports  on  Form 10-Q,  current  reports  on 
Form 8-K, and any other materials filed with (or furnished to) the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC) 
by us are available on our website (under “Investors”) free of charge, soon after we file or furnish such material. 
In this same location, we also post our corporate governance guidelines, code of business conduct and ethics, and 
the charters of the committees of our board of directors. These documents are available free of charge in print to 
any stockholder that makes a written request to the Secretary, PBF Energy Inc., One Sylvan Way, Second Floor, 
Parsippany, New Jersey 07054.

7

The diagram below depicts our organizational structure as of December 31, 2016: 

8

Operating Segments

The Company operates in two reportable business segments: Refining and Logistics. The Company’s five 
oil refineries are all engaged in the refining of crude oil and other feedstocks into petroleum products, and are 
aggregated  into  the  Refining  segment.  PBFX  operates  logistics  assets  such  as  crude  oil  and  refined  products 
terminaling, pipeline and storage assets. Certain of PBFX's assets were previously operated and owned by various 
subsidiaries of PBF Holding and were acquired by PBFX in a series of transactions during 2016, 2015 and 2014. 
PBFX is reported in the Logistics segment. A substantial majority of PBFX's revenues are derived from long-term 
fee based agreements with PBF Holding and its subsidiaries and these intersegment related revenues are eliminated 
in consolidation. See "Note 21 - Segment Information" of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements included 
in this Annual Report on Form 10-K for detailed information on our operating results by business segment.

Refining Segment

We own and operate five refineries providing geographic and market diversity. We produce a variety of 
products at each of our refineries, including gasoline, ULSD, heating oil, jet fuel, lubricants, petrochemicals and 
asphalt. We sell our products throughout the Northeast, Midwest, Gulf Coast and West Coast of the United States, 
as well as in other regions of the United States and Canada, and are able to ship products to other international 
destinations.

Delaware City Refinery 

Overview.  The  Delaware  City  refinery  is  located  on  an  approximately  5,000-acre  site,  with  access  to 
waterborne cargoes and an extensive distribution network of pipelines, barges and tankers, truck and rail. Delaware 
City is a fully integrated operation that receives crude via rail at its crude unloading facilities, or ship or barge at 
its docks located on the Delaware River. The crude and other feedstocks are transported, via pipes, to an extensive 
tank farm where they are stored until processing. In addition, there is a 15-lane, 50,000 bpd capacity truck loading 
rack located adjacent to the refinery and a 23-mile interstate pipeline that are used to distribute clean products, 
which were transferred to PBFX in conjunction with its acquisition of the Delaware City Products Pipeline and 
Truck Rack (as defined in "Note 3 - PBF Logistics LP") in May 2015.

As a result of its configuration and process units, Delaware City has the capability of processing a slate of 
heavy crudes with a high concentration of high sulfur crudes and is one of the largest and most complex refineries 
on the East Coast. The Delaware City refinery is one of two heavy crude coking refineries, the other being Paulsboro, 
on the East Coast of the United States with coking capacity equal to approximately 25% of crude capacity.

The Delaware City refinery primarily processes a variety of medium to heavy, sour crude oils, but can run 
light, sweet crude oils as well. The refinery has large conversion capacity with its 82,000 bpd fluid catalytic cracking 
unit  ("FCC  unit"),  47,000  bpd  fluid  coking  unit  ("FCU")  and  18,000  bpd  hydrocracking  unit  with  vacuum 
distillation. Hydrogen is provided via the refinery’s steam methane reformer and continuous catalytic reformer. 

The following table approximates the Delaware City refinery’s major process unit capacities. Unit capacities 

are shown in barrels per stream day.

9

 
Refinery Units
Crude Distillation Unit
Vacuum Distillation Unit
Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit
Hydrotreating Units
Hydrocracking Unit
Catalytic Reforming Unit
Benzene / Toluene Extraction Unit
Butane Isomerization Unit
Alkylation Unit
Polymerization Unit
Fluid Coking Unit

Nameplate
Capacity

190,000
102,000
82,000
160,000
18,000
43,000
15,000
6,000
11,000
16,000
47,000

Feedstocks and Supply Arrangements. We purchase all of our crude and feedstock needs independently 
from a variety of suppliers on the spot market or through term agreements. Prior to 2016, we had a crude and 
feedstock supply agreement with Statoil pursuant to which we directed Statoil to purchase waterborne crude and 
other  feedstocks  for  Delaware  City  and  Statoil  purchased  these  products  on  the  spot  market  or  through  term 
agreements. Accordingly, Statoil entered into, on our behalf, hedging arrangements to protect against changes in 
prices between the time of purchase and the time of processing the feedstocks. In addition to procurement, Statoil 
arranged transportation and insurance for these waterborne deliveries of crude and feedstock supply and we paid 
Statoil a per barrel fee for their procurement and logistics services. 

Refined Product Yield and Distribution. The Delaware City refinery predominantly produces gasoline, jet 
fuel, ULSD and ultra-low sulfur heating oil as well as certain other products. We market and sell all of our refined 
products independently to a variety of customers on the spot market or through term agreements. 

Inventory  Intermediation  Agreement.  On  June  26,  2013,  we  entered  into  an  Inventory  Intermediation 
Agreement with J. Aron ("Inventory Intermediation Agreement") to support the operations of the Delaware City 
refinery.  Pursuant  to  the  Inventory  Intermediation Agreement,  J. Aron  purchased  certain  of  the  finished  and 
intermediate products (collectively the “Products”) located at the refinery upon termination of a previous product 
offtake agreement. J. Aron purchases the Products produced and delivered into the refinery's storage tanks on a 
daily basis. J. Aron further agrees to sell to us on a daily basis the Products delivered out of the refinery's storage 
tanks. On May 29, 2015, we entered into amended and restated inventory intermediation agreements for both the 
Delaware City and Paulsboro refineries (the "A&R Intermediation Agreements") with J. Aron pursuant to which 
certain terms of the existing Inventory Intermediation Agreements were amended, including, among other things, 
pricing and an extension of the term for a period of two years from the original expiry date of July 1, 2015 subject 
to certain early termination rights. In addition, the A&R Intermediation Agreements include one-year renewal 
clauses upon six months' advance notice by mutual consent of both parties. The A&R Intermediation Agreements 
have not been renewed and are scheduled to expire July 1, 2017. If we are unable to negotiate and extension with 
J. Aron or enter into an alternative intermediation agreement, we will have to repurchase the inventories outstanding 
under the A&R Intermediation Agreement at that time.

Tankage Capacity. The Delaware City refinery has total storage capacity of approximately 10.0 million 
barrels. Of the total, approximately 3.6 million barrels of storage capacity are dedicated to crude oil and other 
feedstock storage with the remaining approximately 6.4 million barrels allocated to finished products, intermediates 
and other products. 

Energy  and  Other  Utilities.  Under  normal  operating  conditions,  the  Delaware  City  refinery  consumes 
approximately 65,000 MMBTU per day of natural gas supplied via pipeline from third parties. The Delaware City 
refinery has a 280 MW power plant located on-site that consists of two natural gas-fueled turbines with combined 
capacity of approximately 140 MW and four turbo-generators with combined nameplate capacity of approximately 
10

140  MW.  Collectively,  this  power  plant  produces  electricity  in  excess  of  Delaware  City’s  refinery  load  of 
approximately 90 MW. Excess electricity is sold into the Pennsylvania-New Jersey-Maryland, or PJM, grid. Steam 
is primarily produced by a combination of three dedicated boilers, two heat recovery steam generators on the gas 
turbines, and is supplemented by secondary boilers at the FCC and Coker.

Paulsboro Refinery

Overview. The Paulsboro refinery is located on approximately 950 acres on the Delaware River in Paulsboro, 
New Jersey, just south of Philadelphia and approximately 30 miles away from Delaware City. Paulsboro receives 
crude and feedstocks via its marine terminal on the Delaware River. Paulsboro is one of two operating refineries 
on the East Coast with coking capacity, the other being Delaware City. The Paulsboro refinery primarily processes 
a variety of medium and heavy, sour crude oils but can run light, sweet crude oils as well. 

The following table approximates the Paulsboro refinery’s major process unit capacities. Unit capacities 

are shown in barrels per stream day. 

Refinery Units
Crude Distillation Units
Vacuum Distillation Units
Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit
Hydrotreating Units
Catalytic Reforming Unit
Alkylation Unit
Lube Oil Processing Unit
Delayed Coking Unit
Propane Deasphalting Unit

Nameplate
Capacity

168,000
83,000
55,000
141,000
32,000
11,000
12,000
27,000
11,000

Feedstocks and Supply Arrangements. We have a contract with Saudi Aramco pursuant to which we have 
been purchasing up to approximately 100,000 bpd of crude oil from Saudi Aramco that is processed at Paulsboro. 
The crude purchased under this contract is priced off ASCI. 

Refined Product Yield and Distribution. The Paulsboro refinery predominantly produces gasoline, diesel 
fuels and jet fuel and also manufactures Group I base oils or lubricants and asphalt. We market and sell all of our 
refined products independently to a variety of customers on the spot market or through term agreements under 
which we sell approximately 35% of our Paulsboro refinery's gasoline production. 

Inventory  Intermediation  Agreement.  On  June  26,  2013,  the  Company  entered  into  an  Inventory 
Intermediation Agreement with J. Aron to support the operations of the Paulsboro refinery, which commenced 
upon  the  termination  of  the  previous  product  offtake  agreement.  Pursuant  to  the  Inventory  Intermediation 
Agreement, J. Aron purchases the Products produced and delivered into the refinery's storage tanks on a daily 
basis. J. Aron further agrees to sell to us on a daily basis the Products delivered out of the refinery's storage tanks. 
On May 29, 2015, the Company and J. Aron amended the Inventory Intermediation Agreement pursuant to which 
certain terms of the existing inventory intermediation agreements were amended, including, among other things, 
pricing and an extension of the term for a period of two years from the original expiry date of July 1, 2015 subject 
to certain early termination rights. In addition, the A&R Intermediation Agreements include one-year renewal 
clauses upon six months' advance notice by mutual consent of both parties. The A&R Intermediation Agreements 
have not been renewed and are scheduled to expire July 1, 2017. If we are unable to negotiate and extension with 
J. Aron or enter into an alternative intermediation agreement, we will have to repurchase the inventories outstanding 
under the A&R Intermediation Agreement at that time.

11

Tankage Capacity. The Paulsboro refinery has total storage capacity of approximately 7.5 million barrels. 
Of the total, approximately 2.1 million barrels are dedicated to crude oil storage with the remaining 5.4 million 
barrels allocated to finished products, intermediates and other products.

Energy  and  Other  Utilities.  Under  normal  operating  conditions,  the  Paulsboro  refinery  consumes 
approximately 30,000 MMBTU per day of natural gas supplied via pipeline from third parties. The Paulsboro 
refinery is virtually self-sufficient for its electrical power requirements. The refinery supplies approximately 90% 
of its 63 MW load through a combination of four generators with a nameplate capacity of 78 MW, in addition to 
a 30 MW gas turbine generator and two 15 MW steam turbine generators located at the Paulsboro utility plant. In 
the event that Paulsboro requires additional electricity to operate the refinery, supplemental power is available 
through a local utility. Paulsboro is connected to the grid via three separate 69 KV aerial feeders and has the ability 
to run entirely on imported power. Steam is primarily produced by three boilers, each with continuous rated capacity 
of 300,000-lb/hr at 900-psi. In addition, Paulsboro has a heat recovery steam generator and a number of waste heat 
boilers throughout the refinery that supplement the steam generation capacity. Paulsboro’s current hydrogen needs 
are met by the hydrogen supply from the reformer. In addition, the refinery employs a standalone steam methane 
reformer that is capable of producing 10 MMSCFD of 99% pure hydrogen. This ancillary hydrogen plant is utilized 
as a back-up source of hydrogen for the refinery’s process units.

Toledo Refinery 

Overview. Toledo primarily processes a slate of light, sweet crudes from Canada, the Mid-Continent, the 
Bakken  region  and  the  U.S.  Gulf  Coast. The Toledo  refinery  is  located  on  a  282-acre  site  near Toledo,  Ohio, 
approximately 60 miles from Detroit. Crude is delivered to the Toledo refinery through three primary pipelines: 
(1) Enbridge from the north, (2) Capline from the south and (3) Mid-Valley from the south. Crude is also delivered 
to a nearby terminal by rail and from local sources by truck to a truck unloading facility within the refinery.

The following table approximates the Toledo refinery’s major process unit capacities. Unit capacities are 

shown in barrels per stream day.

Refinery Units
Crude Distillation Unit
Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit
Hydrotreating Units
Hydrocracking Unit
Catalytic Reforming Units
Alkylation Unit
Polymerization Unit
UDEX Unit

Nameplate
Capacity

170,000
79,000
95,000
45,000
45,000
10,000
7,000
16,300

Feedstocks and Supply Arrangements. We currently fully source our own crude oil needs for Toledo. Prior 

to July 31, 2014, we had a crude oil acquisition agreement with a third party that expired on July 31, 2014. 

Refined Product Yield and Distribution. Toledo produces finished products including gasoline and ULSD, 
in addition to a variety of high-value petrochemicals including benzene, toluene, xylene, nonene and tetramer. 
Toledo is connected, via pipelines, to an extensive distribution network throughout Ohio, Illinois, Indiana, Kentucky, 
Michigan, Pennsylvania and West Virginia. The finished products are transported on pipelines owned by Sunoco 
Logistics Partners L.P. and Buckeye Partners. In addition, we have proprietary connections to a variety of smaller 
pipelines and spurs that help us optimize our clean products distribution. A significant portion of Toledo’s gasoline 
and ULSD are distributed through the approximately 36 terminals in this network.

We have an agreement with Sunoco whereby Sunoco purchases gasoline and distillate products representing 
approximately one-third of the Toledo refinery’s gasoline and distillates production. The agreement had a three 

12

year term, subject to certain early termination rights. In March 2014, the agreement was renewed and extended 
for another three year term. We expect that the agreement will be renewed and extended for another two year term 
in March 2017. We sell the bulk of the petrochemicals produced at the Toledo refinery through short-term contracts 
or on the spot market and the majority of the petrochemical distribution is done via rail.

Tankage Capacity. The Toledo refinery has total storage capacity of approximately 4.5 million barrels. The 
Toledo  refinery  receives  its  crude  through  pipeline  connections  and  a  truck  rack.  Of  the  total,  approximately 
1.3 million barrels are dedicated to crude oil storage with the remaining 3.2 million barrels allocated to intermediates 
and products. A portion of storage capacity dedicated to crude oil and finished products was transferred to PBFX 
in conjunction with its acquisition of the Toledo Storage Facility (as defined in "Note 3 - PBF Logistics LP") in 
December 2014.  

Energy and Other Utilities. Under normal operating conditions, the Toledo refinery consumes approximately 
20,000 MMBTU per day of natural gas supplied via pipeline from third parties. The Toledo refinery purchases its 
electricity from the PJM grid and has a long-term contract to purchase hydrogen and steam from a local third party 
supplier. In addition to the third party steam supplier, Toledo consumes a portion of the steam that is generated by 
its various process units.

Chalmette Refinery 

Acquisition. On November 1, 2015, we acquired from ExxonMobil Oil Corporation ("ExxonMobil"), Mobil 
Pipe Line Company and PDV Chalmette, L.L.C., the ownership interests of Chalmette Refining, L.L.C. (“Chalmette 
Refining”),  which  owns  the  Chalmette  refinery  and  related  logistics  assets  (collectively,  the  "Chalmette 
Acquisition").  The  aggregate  purchase  price  for  the  Chalmette Acquisition  was  $322.0  million  in  cash,  plus 
inventory and final working capital of $246.0 million.

Overview. The Chalmette refinery is located on a 400-acre site near New Orleans, Louisiana. It is a dual-
train coking refinery and is capable of processing both light and heavy crude oil though its 189,000 bpd crude units 
and downstream units. Chalmette Refining owns 100% of the MOEM Pipeline, providing access to the Empire 
Terminal, as well as the CAM Connection Pipeline, providing access to the Louisiana Offshore Oil Port facility 
through a third party pipeline. Chalmette Refining also owns 80% of each of the Collins Pipeline Company and 
T&M Terminal Company, both located in Collins, Mississippi, which provide a clean products outlet for the refinery 
to  the  Plantation  and  Colonial  Pipelines. Also  included  in  the  acquisition  were  a  marine  terminal  capable  of 
importing waterborne feedstocks and loading or unloading finished products; a clean products truck rack which 
provides access to local markets; and a crude and product storage facility.

The following table approximates the Chalmette refinery’s major process unit capacities. Unit capacities 

are shown in barrels per stream day.

Refinery Units
Crude Distillation Units
Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit
Hydrotreating Units
Delayed Coker
Catalytic Reforming Unit
Alkylation Unit

Nameplate
Capacity

189,000
72,000
158,000
29,000
22,000
15,000

Feedstocks and Supply Arrangements. In connection with the Chalmette Acquisition on November 1, 2015, 
we entered into a crude supply arrangement with PDVSA that has a ten year term with a renewal option for an 
additional five years, subject to certain early termination rights. The pricing for the crude supply is market based 
and is agreed upon on a quarterly basis by both parties. Additionally, we obtain crude and feedstocks from other 
sources through connections to the CAM and MOEM Pipelines as well as ship docks and truck racks. 

13

Refined Product Yield and Distribution. The Chalmette refinery primarily processes a variety of light and 
heavy  crude  oils. The  Chalmette  refinery  predominantly  produces  gasoline,  diesel  fuels  and  jet  fuel  and  also 
manufactures  high-value  petrochemicals  including  benzene  and  xylene.  Products  produced  at  the  Chalmette 
refinery are transferred to customers through pipelines, the marine terminal and truck rack. The majority of their 
clean products are delivered to customers via pipelines. Our ownership of the Collins Pipeline and T&M Terminal 
provides Chalmette with strategic access to Southeast and East Coast markets through third party logistics. We 
have an offtake agreement with ExxonMobil pursuant to which ExxonMobil purchases approximately 50% of the 
14,000 barrel per day capacity. This agreement had an initial term of one year from the date of the Chalmette 
Acquisition continuing thereafter subject to the right of either party to cancel with six months' written notice. As 
of December 31, 2016, no notice of cancellation had been given by either party.

Tankage Capacity. Chalmette has a total tankage capacity of approximately 7.5 million barrels. Of this total, 
approximately 2.1 million barrels are allocated to crude oil storage with the remaining 5.4 million barrels allocated 
to intermediates and products. 

Energy  and  Other  Utilities.  Under  normal  operating  conditions,  the  Chalmette  refinery  consumes 
approximately 30,000 MMBTU per day of natural gas supplied via pipeline from third parties. The Chalmette 
refinery purchases its electricity from a local utility and has a long-term contract to purchase hydrogen and steam 
from third party suppliers. 

Torrance Refinery 

Acquisition. On July 1, 2016, we acquired from ExxonMobil Oil Corporation and its subsidiary, Mobil 
Pacific  Pipe  Line  Company,  the  Torrance  refinery  and  related  logistics  assets  (collectively,  the  "Torrance 
Acquisition"). Subsequent to the closing of the Torrance Acquisition, Torrance Refining and Torrance Logistics 
are indirect wholly-owned subsidiaries of PBF Holding. The aggregate purchase price for the Torrance Acquisition 
was approximately $521.4 million in cash after post-closing purchase price adjustments, plus final working capital 
of $450.6 million.

Overview. The Torrance refinery is located on 750 acres in Torrance, California. It is a high-conversion 
crude, delayed-coking refinery. It is capable of processing both heavy and medium crude oil though its crude unit 
and downstream units. In addition to refining assets, the Torrance Acquisition included a number of high-quality 
logistics assets including a sophisticated network of crude and products pipelines, product distribution terminals 
and refinery crude and product storage facilities. The most significant of the logistics assets is a crude gathering 
and  transportation  system  which  delivers  San  Joaquin Valley  crude  oil  directly  from  the  field  to  the  refinery. 
Additionally, included in the transaction are several pipelines which provide access to sources of crude oil including 
the Ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles, as well as clean product outlets with a direct pipeline supplying jet fuel 
to the Los Angeles airport. 

The following table approximates the Torrance refinery’s major process unit capacities. Unit capacities are 

shown in barrels per stream day.

Refinery Units
Crude Distillation Unit
Vacuum Distillation Unit
Fluid Catalytic Cracking Unit
Hydrotreating Units
Hydrocracking Unit
Alkylation Unit
Delayed Coker

14

Nameplate
Capacity

156,000
102,000
88,000
151,000
23,000
27,000
53,000

Feedstocks and Supply Arrangements. The Torrance refinery primarily processes a variety of medium and 
heavy  crude  oils.  In  connection  with  the  closing  of  the Torrance Acquisition,  we  entered  into  a  crude  supply 
agreement with ExxonMobil for approximately 60,000 bpd of crude oil that can be processed at our Torrance 
refinery. This crude supply agreement has a five year term with an automatic renewal feature unless either party 
gives  thirty-six  months  prior  written  notice. Additionally,  we  obtain  crude  and  feedstocks  from  other  sources 
through connections to third party pipelines as well as ship docks and truck racks. 

Refined Product Yield and Distribution. The Torrance refinery predominantly produces gasoline, jet fuel 
and diesel fuels. Products produced at the Torrance refinery are transferred to customers through pipelines, the 
marine terminal and truck rack. The majority of clean products are delivered to customers via pipelines. We have 
an  offtake  agreement  with  ExxonMobil  pursuant  to  which  ExxonMobil  purchases  approximately  50%  of  our 
gasoline  production.  This  offtake  agreement  has  an  initial  term  of  three  years  from  the  date  of  the  Torrance 
Acquisition at which time it will automatically renew for another three year term unless either party gives six 
months' written notice of its intent to terminate the agreement.

Tankage Capacity. Torrance has a total tankage capacity of approximately 8.6 million barrels. Of this total, 
approximately 2.1 million barrels are allocated to crude oil storage with the remaining 6.5 million barrels allocated 
to intermediates and products. 

Energy  and  Other  Utilities.  Under  normal  operating  conditions,  the  Torrance  refinery  consumes 
approximately  42,000  MMBTU  per  day  of  natural  gas  supplied  via  pipeline  from  third  parties. The Torrance 
refinery generates some power internally using a combination of steam and gas turbines and purchases any additional 
needed power from the local utility. The Torrance refinery has a long-term contract to purchase hydrogen and steam 
from a third party supplier. 

Logistics Segment

We formed PBFX, a publicly traded master limited partnership, to own or lease, operate, develop and acquire 
crude oil and refined petroleum products terminals, pipelines, storage facilities and similar logistics assets. PBFX's 
operations  are  aggregated  into  the  Logistics  segment.  PBFX  engages  in  the  receiving,  handling,  storing  and 
transferring of crude oil, refined products and intermediates from sources located throughout the United States and 
Canada for PBF Energy in support of its refineries. A substantial majority of PBFX's revenues are generated from 
agreements  it  has  with  PBF  Holding  and  its  subsidiaries  for  such  services.  Following  the  PBFX  Plains Asset 
Purchase  in April  2016,  PBFX  has  begun  to  generate  third  party  revenue.  Intersegment  related  revenues  are 
eliminated in consolidation by PBF Energy. 

As of December 31, 2016, PBFX's assets consist of the following:

•  The DCR Rail Terminal - A 130,000 bpd light crude oil rail unloading terminal which commenced 

operations in February 2013 and serves PBF Energy’s Delaware City and Paulsboro refineries.

•  The DCR West Rack - A 40,000 bpd heavy crude oil unloading rack which commenced operations in 

August 2014 and serves PBF Energy’s Delaware City refinery.

•  The  Toledo  Truck  Terminal  - A  truck  terminal  comprised  of  six  lease  automatic  custody  transfer 

(“LACT”) units, with unloading capacity of 22,500 bpd. 

•  The Toledo Storage Facility - A storage facility which services PBF Energy's Toledo refinery and consists 
of 30 tanks for storing crude oil, refined products and intermediates with aggregate capacity of 3.9 million 
barrels as well as a propane storage and unloading facility consisting of 27 propane storage bullets and a 
truck loading facility with a throughput capacity of 11,000 bpd.

•  Delaware City Products Pipeline and Truck Rack - The Delaware City Products Pipeline consists of 
a 23.4 mile, 16-inch interstate petroleum products pipeline with an excess of 125,000 bpd of capacity 

15

located at PBF Energy's Delaware City refinery. The Delaware City Truck Rack consists of a 15-lane, 
50,000 bpd capacity truck loading rack utilized to distribute gasoline and distillates.

•  East Coast Terminals - The East Coast Terminals include a total of 57 product tanks with a total shell 
capacity of approximately 4.2 million barrels, pipeline connections to the Colonial Pipeline Company, 
Buckeye Partners, Sunoco Logistics Partners and other proprietary pipeline systems, 26 truck loading 
lanes and marine facilities capable of handling barges and ships. 

•  Torrance Valley Pipeline - PBFX acquired from PBF LLC 50% of the issued and outstanding limited 
liability company interests of TVPC, whose assets consist of the 189-mile San Joaquin Valley Pipeline 
system, which include the M55, M1 and M70 pipeline systems, including 11 pipeline stations with storage 
capacity and truck unloading capability at two of the stations. 

Transactions with PBFX

Effective September 30, 2014, PBF Holding distributed to PBF LLC all of the equity interests of Delaware 
City Terminaling Company II LLC ("DCT II"), which assets consist solely of the Delaware City heavy crude 
unloading rack (the "DCR West Rack"). PBF LLC then contributed to PBFX all of the equity interests of DCT II 
for total consideration of $150.0 million consisting of $135.0 million of cash and $15.0 million of PBFX common 
units, or 589,536 common units (the "DCR West Rack Acquisition").

Effective December 11, 2014, PBF LLC contributed to PBFX all of the issued and outstanding limited 
liability company interests of Toledo Terminaling Company LLC ("Toledo Terminaling"), whose assets consist of 
a tank farm and related facilities located at our Toledo refinery, including a propane storage and loading facility 
(the "Toledo Storage Facility"), for total consideration of $150.0 million consisting of $135.0 million of cash and 
$15.0 million of PBFX common units, or 620,935 common units (the "Toledo Storage Facility Acquisition").

Effective May 14, 2015, PBF LLC contributed to PBFX all of the issued and outstanding limited liability 
company interests of Delaware Pipeline Company LLC and Delaware City Logistics Company LLC, whose assets 
consist of the Delaware City Products Pipeline and Truck Rack (collectively referred to as the “Delaware City 
Products Pipeline and Truck Rack”), for total consideration of $143.0, consisting of $112.5 million of cash and 
$30.5 million of PBFX common units, or 1,288,420 common units. 

On August 31, 2016, PBFX entered into a contribution agreement (the "TVPC Contribution Agreement") 
between PBFX and PBF LLC. Pursuant to the TVPC Contribution Agreement, PBFX acquired from PBF LLC 
50% of the issued and outstanding limited liability company interests of TVPC, whose assets consist of the San 
Joaquin Valley Pipeline system (which was acquired as a part of the Torrance Acquisition). The total consideration 
paid to PBF LLC was $175.0 million, which was funded by PBFX with $20.0 million of cash on hand, $76.2 
million in proceeds from the sale of marketable securities, and $78.8 million in net proceeds from the PBFX August 
2016 Equity Offering.

In connection with the foregoing transactions, PBF Holding entered into commercial agreements with PBFX 
entities for the provision of services which require minimum monthly throughput volumes. Subsequent to the 
transactions described above, as of December 31, 2016, PBF LLC holds a 44.2% limited partner interest in PBFX 
consisting of 2,572,944 common units and 15,886,553 subordinated units. PBF LLC also owns all of the incentive 
distribution rights and indirectly owns a non-economic general partner interest in PBFX. The IDRs entitle PBF 
LLC to receive increasing percentages, up to a maximum of 50.0%, of the cash PBFX distributes from operating 
surplus in excess of $0.345 per unit per quarter. 

Principal Products

Our refineries make various grades of gasoline, distillates (including diesel fuel, jet fuel and ULSD) and 
other products from crude oil, other feedstocks, and blending components. We sell these products through our 
commercial accounts, and sales with major oil companies. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, 
gasoline and distillates accounted for 88.0%, 88.0% and 86.0% of our revenues, respectively. 

16

Customers

We sell a variety of refined products to a diverse customer base. The majority of our refined products are 
primarily  sold  through  short-term  contracts  or  on  the  spot  market.  However,  we  do  have  product  offtake 
arrangements for a portion of our clean products. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, no
single customer accounted for 10% or more of our revenues, respectively. As of December 31, 2016, no single 
customer accounted for 10% or more of our total trade accounts receivable. ExxonMobil and its affiliates represented 
approximately 18% of our total trade accounts receivable as of December 31, 2015.

Seasonality

Demand for gasoline and diesel is generally higher during the summer months than during the winter months 
due to seasonal increases in highway traffic and construction work. Decreased demand during the winter months 
can lower gasoline and diesel prices. As a result, our operating results for the first and fourth calendar quarters 
may be lower than those for the second and third calendar quarters of each year. Refining margins remain volatile 
and our results of operations may not reflect these historical seasonal trends. Most of the effects of seasonality on 
PBFX's operating results are mitigated through fee-based commercial agreements with us that include minimum 
volume commitments. 

Competition

The refining business is very competitive. We compete directly with various other refining companies on 
the East, Gulf and West Coasts and in the Mid-Continent, with integrated oil companies, with foreign refiners that 
import products into the United States and with producers and marketers in other industries supplying alternative 
forms of energy and fuels to satisfy the requirements of industrial, commercial and individual consumers. Some 
of our competitors have expanded the capacity of their refineries and internationally new refineries are coming on 
line which could also affect our competitive position.

Profitability  in  the  refining  industry  depends  largely  on  refined  product  margins,  which  can  fluctuate 
significantly, as well as crude oil prices and differentials between the prices of different grades of crude oil, operating 
efficiency  and  reliability,  product  mix  and  costs  of  product  distribution  and  transportation.  Certain  of  our 
competitors that have larger and more complex refineries may be able to realize lower per-barrel costs or higher 
margins per barrel of throughput. Several of our principal competitors are integrated national or international oil 
companies that are larger and have substantially greater resources. Because of their integrated operations and larger 
capitalization, these companies may be more flexible in responding to volatile industry or market conditions, such 
as shortages of feedstocks or intense price fluctuations. Refining margins are frequently impacted by sharp changes 
in crude oil costs, which may not be immediately reflected in product prices.

The refining industry is highly competitive with respect to feedstock supply. Unlike certain of our competitors 
that have access to proprietary controlled sources of crude oil production available for use at their own refineries, 
we obtain all of our crude oil and substantially all other feedstocks from unaffiliated sources. The availability and 
cost of crude oil is affected by global supply and demand. We have no crude oil reserves and are not engaged in 
the exploration or production of crude oil. We believe, however, that we will be able to obtain adequate crude oil 
and other feedstocks at generally competitive prices for the foreseeable future.

Corporate Offices

We currently lease approximately 58,000 square feet for our principal corporate offices in Parsippany, New 
Jersey. The lease for our principal corporate offices expires in 2019. Functions performed in the Parsippany office 
include overall corporate management, refinery and HSE management, planning and strategy, corporate finance, 
commercial  operations,  logistics,  contract  administration,  marketing,  investor  relations,  governmental  affairs, 
accounting, tax, treasury, information technology, legal and human resources support functions.

We lease approximately 4,000 square feet for our regional corporate office in Long Beach, California. The 
lease for our Long Beach office expires in 2021. Functions performed in the Long Beach office include overall 

17

regional corporate management, planning and strategy, commercial operations, logistics, contract administration, 
marketing and governmental affairs functions.

Employees

As of December 31, 2016, we had approximately 3,165 employees. At Paulsboro, 287 of our 461 employees 
are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. In addition, 1,267 of our 2,272 employees at Delaware City, 
Toledo, Chalmette and Torrance are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. None of our corporate employees 
are covered by a collective bargaining agreement. We consider our relations with the represented employees to be 
satisfactory. At Delaware City, Toledo, Chalmette and Torrance, most hourly employees are covered by a collective 
bargaining  agreement  through  the  United  Steel  Workers  ("USW").  The  agreements  with  the  USW  covering 
Delaware City, Chalmette and Torrance are scheduled to expire in January 2019; the agreement with the USW 
covering Toledo is scheduled to expire in February 2019. Similarly, at Paulsboro hourly employees are represented 
by the Independent Oil Workers ("IOW") under a contract scheduled to expire in March 2019. 

Executive Officers of the Registrant

The following is a list of our executive officers as of February 24, 2017:

Name
Thomas J. Nimbley
Matthew C. Lucey
Erik Young
Jeffrey Dill
Thomas L. O'Connor
Herman Seedorf
Paul Davis

Trecia Canty

Age (as of
December 31,
2016)

Position

65 Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors
43 President
39 Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
55 President, Western Region
44 Senior Vice President, Commercial
65 Senior Vice President of Refining
54 Senior Vice President, Western Region Commercial Operations
47 Senior Vice President, General Counsel

Thomas J. Nimbley has served as our Chief Executive Officer since June 2010 and on our Board of Directors 
since October 2014. He has served as the Chairman of our Board since July 2016. He was our Executive Vice 
President, Chief Operating Officer from March 2010 through June 2010. In his capacity as our Chief Executive 
Officer,  Mr.  Nimbley  also  serves  as  a  director  and  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  certain  of  our  subsidiaries, 
including Chairman of the Board of PBF GP. Prior to joining us, Mr. Nimbley served as a Principal for Nimbley 
Consultants  LLC  from  June  2005  to  March  2010,  where  he  provided  consulting  services  and  assisted  on  the 
acquisition of two refineries. He previously served as Senior Vice President and head of Refining for Phillips 
Petroleum Company ("Phillips") and subsequently Senior Vice President and head of Refining for ConocoPhillips 
("ConocoPhillips")  domestic  refining  system  (13  locations)  following  the  merger  of  Phillips  and  Conoco  Inc. 
Before joining Phillips at the time of its acquisition of Tosco Corporation ("Tosco") in September 2001, Mr. Nimbley 
served in various positions with Tosco and its subsidiaries starting in April 1993. 

Matthew C. Lucey has served as our President since January 2015 and was our Executive Vice President 
from April 2014 to December 2014. Mr. Lucey served as our Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer from 
April 2010 to March 2014. Mr. Lucey joined us as our Vice President, Finance in April 2008. Mr. Lucey is also a 
director of certain of our subsidiaries, including PBF GP. Prior thereto, Mr. Lucey served as a Managing Director 
of M.E. Zukerman & Co., a New York-based private equity firm specializing in several sectors of the broader 
energy industry, from 2001 to 2008. Before joining M.E. Zukerman & Co., Mr. Lucey spent six years in the banking 
industry.

Erik Young has served as our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since April 2014 after joining 
us in December 2010 as Director, Strategic Planning where he was responsible for both corporate development 

18

and capital markets initiatives. Mr. Young is also a director of certain of our subsidiaries, including PBF GP. Prior 
to joining the Company, Mr. Young spent eleven years in corporate finance, strategic planning and mergers and 
acquisitions roles across a variety of industries. He began his career in investment banking before joining J.F. 
Lehman & Company, a private equity investment firm, in 2001.

Jeffrey Dill has served as our President, PBF Energy Western Region LLC since September 2015 and was 
our Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary for more than five years prior thereto. Mr. Dill is also 
a  director  of  certain  of  our  subsidiaries.  Previously  he  served  as  Senior Vice  President,  General  Counsel  and 
Secretary for Maxum Petroleum, Inc., a national marketer and logistics company for petroleum products and Vice 
President, General Counsel and Secretary at Neurogen Corporation, a drug discovery and development company, 
from March 2006 to December 2007. Mr. Dill has close to 20 years' experience providing business and legal support 
to refining, transportation and marketing organizations in the petroleum industry, including positions at Premcor 
Inc. ("Premcor"), ConocoPhillips, Tosco and Unocal Corporation.

Thomas L. O’Connor has served as our Senior Vice President, Commercial since September 2015. Mr. 
O'Connor joined us as Senior Vice President in September 2014 with responsibility for business development and 
growing  the  business  of  PBFX,  and  from  January  to  September  2015,  served  as  our  Co-Head  of  commercial 
activities. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. O'Connor worked at Morgan Stanley since 2000 in various positions, 
most recently as a Managing Director and Global Head of Crude Oil Trading and Global Co-Head of Oil Flow 
Trading. Prior to joining Morgan Stanley, Mr. O'Connor worked for Tosco from 1995 to 2000 in the Atlantic Basin 
Fuel Oil and Feedstocks group.

Herman Seedorf serves as our Senior Vice President of Refining. Mr. Seedorf originally joined PBF Energy 
in February of 2011 as the Delaware City Refinery Plant Manager and became Senior Vice President, Eastern 
Region Refining, in September of 2013. Prior to 2011, Mr. Seedorf served as the refinery manager of the Wood 
River Refinery in Roxana, Illinois, and also as an officer of the joint venture between ConocoPhillips and Cenovus 
Energy Inc. Mr. Seedorf's oversight responsibilities included the development and execution of the multi-billion 
dollar upgrade project which enabled the expanded processing of Canadian crude oils. He also served as the refinery 
manager of the Bayway Refinery in Linden, New Jersey for four years during the time period that it was an asset 
of the Tosco. Mr. Seedorf began his career in the petroleum industry with Exxon Corporation ("Exxon") in 1980. 

Paul Davis has served as our Senior Vice President, Western Region Commercial Operations since September 
2015. Mr. Davis joined us in April of 2012 and has been head of PBF's commercial operations related to crude oil 
and refinery feedstock sourcing since May of 2013 and, from January 2015 to September 2015, served as our Co-
Head of Commercial. Previously, Mr. Davis was responsible for managing the U.S. clean products commercial 
operations  for  Hess  Energy  Trading  Company  ("HETCO")  from  2006  to  2012.  Prior  to  that,  Mr.  Davis  was 
responsible for Premcor’s U.S. Midwest clean products disposition group. Mr. Davis has over 29 years of experience 
in commercial operations in crude oil and refined products, including 16 years with the ExxonMobil Corporation 
in various operational and commercial positions, including sourcing refinery feedstocks and crude oil and the 
disposition of refined petroleum products, as well as optimization roles within refineries.

Trecia Canty has served as our Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since September 2015. 
In her role, Ms. Canty is responsible for the Legal Department and Contracts Administration. Previously, Ms. Canty 
was named Vice President, Senior Deputy General Counsel and Assistant Secretary in October 2014 and led the 
Company's commercial and finance legal operations since joining us in November 2012. Ms. Canty is also a director 
of certain of our subsidiaries. Prior to joining the Company, Ms. Canty served as Associate General Counsel, 
Corporate and Assistant Secretary of Southwestern Energy Company, where her responsibilities included finance 
and mergers and acquisitions, securities and corporate compliance and corporate governance. She also provided 
legal support to the midstream marketing and logistics businesses. Prior to joining Southwestern Energy Company 
in 2004, she was an associate with Cleary, Gottlieb, Steen & Hamilton.

19

Environmental, Health and Safety Matters

Our refineries, pipelines and related operations are subject to extensive and frequently changing federal, 
state and local laws and regulations, including, but not limited to, those relating to the discharge of materials into 
the  environment  or  that  otherwise  relate  to  the  protection  of  the  environment,  waste  management  and  the 
characteristics and the compositions of fuels. Compliance with existing and anticipated laws and regulations can 
increase the overall cost of operating the refineries, including remediation, operating costs and capital costs to 
construct, maintain and upgrade equipment and facilities. Permits are also required under these laws for the operation 
of our refineries, pipelines and related operations and these permits are subject to revocation, modification and 
renewal. Compliance with applicable environmental laws, regulations and permits will continue to have an impact 
on our operations, results of operations and capital requirements. We believe that our current operations are in 
substantial compliance with existing environmental laws, regulations and permits.

Our operations and many of the products we manufacture are subject to certain specific requirements of the 
Clean Air Act (the "CAA") and related state and local regulations. The CAA contains provisions that require capital 
expenditures for the installation of certain air pollution control devices at our refineries. Subsequent rule making 
authorized by the CAA or similar laws or new agency interpretations of existing rules, may necessitate additional 
expenditures in future years.

In 2010, New York State adopted a Low-Sulfur Heating Oil mandate that, beginning July 1, 2012, requires 
all heating oil sold in New York State to contain no more than 15 parts per million ("PPM") sulfur. Since July 1, 
2012, other states in the Northeast market began requiring heating oil sold in their state to contain no more than 
15 PPM sulfur. Currently, all of the Northeastern states and Washington DC have adopted sulfur controls on heating 
oil. Most of the Northeastern states will require heating oil with 15 PPM or less sulfur by July 1, 2018 (except for 
Pennsylvania and Maryland - where 500 PPM sulfur is required). All of the heating oil the Company currently 
produces meets these specifications. The mandate and other requirements do not currently have a material impact 
on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

The EPA issued the final Tier 3 Gasoline standards on March 3, 2014 under the Clean Air Act. This final 
rule establishes more stringent vehicle emission standards and further reduces the sulfur content of gasoline starting 
in January of 2017. The new standard is set at 10 PPM sulfur in gasoline on an annual average basis starting January 
1, 2017, with a credit trading program to provide compliance flexibility. The EPA responded to industry comments 
on the proposed rule and maintained the per gallon sulfur cap on gasoline at the existing 80 PPM cap. The standards 
set by the new rule are not expected to have a material impact on our financial position, results of operations or 
cash flows. 

The EPA published the final 2014-2016 standards under the Renewable Fuels Standard ("RFS") late in 2015. 
The EPA proposed the 2017 standards in May of 2016 and issued final 2017 RFS standards in November 2016, in 
line with the deadline for issuing such standards. The final standards for 2017 are in fact slightly more aggressive 
than were originally proposed in May of 2016. It is not clear that renewable fuel producers will be able to produce 
the volumes of these fuels required for blending in 2017. The final 2017 cellulosic standard is at approximately 
135% of the 2016 standard and the renewable fuel industry was only on pace to make approximately 75% of the 
lower 2016 standard. It is quite likely that cellulosic RIN production will be lower than needed forcing obligated 
parties to purchase cellulosic “waiver credits” to comply in 2017 (the waiver credit option by regulation is only 
available for the cellulosic standard). The advanced and total renewable RIN requirements were raised slightly (by 
7% and 3% respectively) above the original proposed level in May 2016. Analysts had been expecting that the 
EPA might, in fact, lower these standards. Production of advanced RINs has been well below what is needed for 
compliance in 2016. Obligated parties will likely be relying on the nesting feature of the biodiesel RIN to comply 
with the advanced standard in 2017. While the total renewable RIN production was adequate for 2016 needs, the 
new 2017 standard will put obligated parties up against the E10 blendwall leaving little flexibility. Compliance in 
2017 will likely rely on obligated parties drawing down the supply of excess RINs collectively known as the “RIN 
bank” and could tighten the RIN market potentially raising RIN prices further. Industry organizations pointed out 
these issues with the May 2016 proposal to the EPA in commenting on the proposed standards. The EPA decided 
to ignore these arguments and raised the requirements in support of renewable fuel producers. We are currently 
20

evaluating  the  final  standards,  including  any  possible  changes  to  the  program  following  a  new  presidential 
administration, and they may have a material impact on our cost of compliance with RFS 2.

On  December  1,  2015  the  EPA  finalized  revisions  to  an  existing  air  regulation  concerning  Maximum 
Achievable  Control  Technologies  ("MACT")  for  Petroleum  Refineries.  The  regulation  requires  additional 
continuous monitoring systems for eligible process safety valves relieving to atmosphere, minimum flare gas heat 
(Btu) content, and delayed coke drum vent controls to be installed by January 30, 2019. In addition, a program for 
ambient fence line monitoring for benzene will need to be implemented by January 30, 2018. We are currently 
evaluating the final standards to evaluate the impact of this regulation, and at this time does not anticipate it will 
have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

As a result of the Torrance Acquisition, we are subject to greenhouse gas emission control regulations in 
the state of California pursuant to Assembly Bill 32 ("AB 32"). AB 32 imposes a statewide cap on greenhouse gas 
emissions, including emissions from transportation fuels, with the aim of returning the state to 1990 emission levels 
by 2020. AB 32 is implemented through two market mechanisms including the Low Carbon Fuel Standard ("LCFS") 
and Cap and Trade. We are responsible for the AB 32 obligations related to the Torrance refinery beginning on 
July 1, 2016 and must purchase emission credits to comply with these obligations. Additionally, in September 
2016, the state of California enacted Senate Bill 32 ("SB 32") which further reduces greenhouse gas emissions 
targets to 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030. We expect to recover the majority of these costs from its customers, 
and as such does not expect this obligation to materially impact our financial position, results of operations, or 
cash flows. To the degree there are unfavorable changes to AB 32 or SB 32 regulations or we are unable to recover 
such compliance costs from customers, these regulations could have a material adverse effect on our financial 
position, results of operations, and liquidity.

We are subject to obligations to purchase Renewable Identification Numbers ("RINs") required to comply 
with the RFS. In late 2015, the EPA initiated enforcement proceedings against companies it believes produced 
invalid RINs. On October 13, 2016, PBF Holding and its subsidiaries Toledo Refining Company LLC and Delaware 
City Refining Company LLC were notified by the EPA that its records indicated that these entities used potentially 
invalid RINs. The EPA directed each of the subsidiaries to resubmit reports to remove the potentially invalid RINs 
and to replace the invalid RINs with valid RINs with the same D Code. The invalid RINs have been retired and 
we do not expect any settlement with the EPA to resolve this matter to be material.

As of January 1, 2011, we are required to comply with the EPA’s Control of Hazardous Air Pollutants From 
Mobile Sources, or MSAT2, regulations on gasoline that impose reductions in the benzene content of our produced 
gasoline. We purchase benzene credits to meet these requirements. Our planned capital projects will reduce the 
amount of benzene credits that we need to purchase. In addition, the renewable fuel standards mandate the blending 
of prescribed percentages of renewable fuels (e.g., ethanol and biofuels) into our produced gasoline and diesel. 
These new requirements, other requirements of the CAA and other presently existing or future environmental 
regulations may cause us to make substantial capital expenditures as well as the purchase of credits at significant 
cost, to enable our refineries to produce products that meet applicable requirements.

Our operations are also subject to the federal Clean Water Act (the "CWA"), the federal Safe Drinking Water 
Act (the "SDWA") and comparable state and local requirements. The CWA, the SDWA and analogous laws prohibit 
any discharge into surface waters, ground waters, injection wells and publicly-owned treatment works except in 
strict conformance with permits, such as pre-treatment permits and discharge permits, issued by federal, state and 
local governmental agencies. Federal waste-water discharge permits and analogous state waste-water discharge 
permits are issued for fixed terms and must be renewed.

We  generate  wastes  that  may  be  subject  to  the  federal  Resource  Conservation  and  Recovery Act  (the 
"RCRA")  and  comparable  state  and  local  requirements. The  EPA  and  various  state  agencies  have  limited  the 
approved methods of disposal for certain hazardous and non-hazardous wastes.

The EPA published a Final Rule to the CWA Section 316(b) in August 2014 regarding cooling water intake 
structures, which includes requirements for petroleum refineries. The purpose of this rule is to prevent fish from 

21

being trapped against cooling water intake screens (impingement) and to prevent fish from being drawn through 
cooling water systems (entrainment). Facilities will be required to implement Best Technology Available ("BTA") 
as soon as possible, but gives state agencies the discretion to establish implementation time lines. We continue to 
evaluate the impact of this regulation, and at this time do not anticipate it having a material impact on our financial 
position, results of operations or cash flows.

The  federal  Comprehensive  Environmental  Response,  Compensation  and  Liability  Act  of  1980 
("CERCLA"), also known as "Superfund," imposes liability, without regard to fault or the legality of the original 
conduct, on certain classes of persons who are considered to be responsible for the release of a “hazardous substance” 
into the environment. These persons include the current or former owner or operator of the disposal site or sites 
where the release occurred and companies that disposed of or arranged for the disposal of the hazardous substances. 
Under CERCLA, such persons may be subject to joint and several liability for investigation and the costs of cleaning 
up the hazardous substances that have been released into the environment, for damages to natural resources and 
for the costs of certain health studies. As discussed more fully below, certain of our sites are subject to these laws 
and we may be held liable for investigation and remediation costs or claims for natural resource damages. It is not 
uncommon  for  neighboring  landowners  and  other  third  parties  to  file  claims  for  personal  injury  and  property 
damage allegedly caused by hazardous substances or other pollutants released into the environment. Analogous 
state laws impose similar responsibilities and liabilities on responsible parties. In our current normal operations, 
we have generated waste, some of which falls within the statutory definition of a “hazardous substance” and some 
of which may have been disposed of at sites that may require cleanup under Superfund.

As is the case with all companies engaged in industries similar to ours, we face potential exposure to future 
claims and lawsuits involving environmental matters. These matters include soil and water contamination, air 
pollution, personal injury and property damage allegedly caused by substances which we manufactured, handled, 
used, released or disposed of.

Current and future environmental regulations are expected to require additional expenditures, including 
expenditures for investigation and remediation, which may be significant, at our refineries and at our other facilities. 
To the extent that future expenditures for these purposes are material and can be reasonably determined, these costs 
are disclosed and accrued.

Our operations are also subject to various laws and regulations relating to occupational health and safety. 
We maintain safety training and maintenance programs as part of our ongoing efforts to ensure compliance with 
applicable laws and regulations. Compliance with applicable health and safety laws and regulations has required 
and continues to require substantial expenditures.

In connection with each of our acquisitions, we assumed certain environmental remediation obligations. 

The more significant of these are discussed below.

In  connection  with  the  Paulsboro  refinery  acquisition,  we  assumed  certain  environmental  remediation 
obligations. The environmental liability of $10.8 million recorded as of December 31, 2016 ($10.4 million as of 
December 31, 2015) represents the present value of expected future costs discounted at a rate of 8.0%. As of 
December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, this liability is self-guaranteed by the Company.

In connection with the acquisition of the Delaware City assets, Valero Energy Corporation ("Valero") remains 
responsible for certain pre-acquisition environmental obligations up to $20.0 million and the predecessor to Valero 
in ownership of the refinery retains other historical obligations.

In connection with the acquisition of the Delaware City assets and the Paulsboro refinery, the Company and 
Valero purchased ten year, $75.0 million environmental insurance policies to insure against unknown environmental 
liabilities at each site. In connection with the Toledo refinery acquisition, Sunoco, Inc. (R&M) ("Sunoco") remains 
responsible for environmental remediation for conditions that existed on the closing date for twenty years from 
March 1, 2011, subject to certain limitations.

22

In connection with the acquisition of the Chalmette refinery, we obtained $3.9 million in financial assurance 
(in the form of a surety bond) to cover estimated potential site remediation costs associated with an agreed to 
Administrative Order of Consent with the EPA. The estimated cost assumes remedial activities will continue for 
a minimum of 30 years. Further, in connection with the acquisition of the Chalmette refinery, we purchased a ten 
year, $100.0 million environmental insurance policy to insure against unknown environmental liabilities at the 
refinery.

In connection with the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase, PBFX is responsible for the environmental remediation 
costs for conditions that existed on the closing date up to a maximum of $0.25 million per year for 10 years, with 
Plains All American Pipeline, L.P. remaining responsible for any and all additional costs above such amounts 
during such period. The environmental liability of $2.2 million recorded as of December 31, 2016 represents the 
present value of expected future costs discounted at a rate of 1.83%.

As of November 1, 2015, we acquired Chalmette Refining, which was in discussions with the Louisiana 
Department  of  Environmental  Quality  ("LDEQ")  to  resolve  self-reported  deviations  from  refinery  operations 
relating to certain Clean Air Act Title V permit conditions, limits and other requirements. LDEQ commenced an 
enforcement action against Chalmette Refining on November 14, 2014 by issuing a Consolidated Compliance 
Order and Notice of Potential Penalty (the "Order") covering deviations from 2009 and 2010. Chalmette Refining 
and LDEQ subsequently entered into a dispute resolution agreement, the enforcement of which has been suspended 
while negotiations are ongoing, which may include the resolution of deviations outside the periods covered by the 
Order. It is possible that LDEQ will assess an administrative penalty against Chalmette Refining, but any such 
amount is not expected to be material to the Company.

On January 24, 2017, in connection with a Clean Air Act inspection in May 2014 by the EPA to determine 
compliance with 40 CFR Subpart 68 Chemical Accident Prevention Provisions, the EPA notified the Chalmette 
refinery of its intent to bring an enforcement action on two (2) findings from the audit. No settlement or penalty 
demand has been received to date. It is possible that the EPA will assess penalties in these matters in excess of 
$0.1 million but any such amount is not expected to be material to us, individually or in the aggregate.

On December 23, 2016, the Delaware City refinery received a Notice of Violation (“NOV”) from DNREC 
concerning a potential violation of the DNREC order authorizing the shipment of crude oil by barge from the 
Refinery. The NOV alleges that DCR made shipments to locations other than the Paulsboro refinery in violation 
of  the  order  and  requests  certain  additional  information  but  no  penalties  have  been  assessed  at  this  time.  On 
December  28,  2016,  DNREC  issued  a  Coastal  Zone Act  permit  (the  “Ethanol  Permit”)  to  DCR  allowing  the 
utilization of existing tanks and existing marine loading equipment at their existing facilities to enable denatured 
ethanol to be loaded from storage tanks to marine vessels and shipped to offsite facilities. On January 13, 2017, 
the issuance of the Ethanol Permit was appealed by two environmental groups and the board has 60 days to hold 
a public hearing and render a final decision.

On February 3, 2011, the EPA sent a request for information pursuant to Section 114 of the Clean Air Act 
to the Paulsboro refinery with respect to compliance with EPA standards governing flaring. The refinery and the 
EPA have recently engaged in discussions regarding a potential settlement. It is possible that EPA will assess 
penalties in these matters in excess of $0.1 million but any such amount is not expected to be material to the us, 
individually or in the aggregate.

In connection with the acquisition of the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets, we assumed certain 
pre-existing  environmental  liabilities  totaling  $142.5  million  as  of  December 31,  2016,  related  to  certain 
environmental remediation obligations to address existing soil and groundwater contamination and monitoring 
activities, which reflects the estimated cost of the remediation obligations. In addition, in connection with the 
acquisition  of  the  Torrance  refinery  and  related  logistics  assets,  we  purchased  a  ten  year,  $100.0  million 
environmental insurance policy to insure against unknown environmental liabilities. Furthermore, in connection 
with the acquisition, we assumed responsibility for certain specified environmental matters that occurred prior to 
our ownership of the refinery. Specifically, we assumed responsibility for (i) a Notice of Violation ("NOV") issued 
on March 12, 2015 by the Southern California Air Quality Management District ("SCAQMD") relating to self-

23

reported Title V deviations for the Torrance Refinery for compliance year 2012, (ii) a NOV issued on March 10, 
2016 for self-reported Title V deviations for the Torrance Refinery for compliance year 2013, (iii) a NOV issued 
on March 10, 2016 for self-reported Title V deviations for the Torrance Refinery for compliance year 2014 and 
(iv) a NOV issued on March 10, 2016 for self-reported Title V deviations for the Torrance Refinery for compliance 
year 2015. On September 6, 2016, a NOV was issued to the Torrance refinery by the SCAQMD for the July 11, 
2016  FCCU  shutdown  and  startup.  The  NOV  alleges  that  the  facility  operated  equipment  while  it  bypassed 
associated air pollution control equipment in violation of our facility permit to operate. Opacity from FCCU 2F-7 
exceeded 40 percent on July 11, 2016 and July 14, 2016, aggregate over 3 minutes in one continuous hour. In 
addition, on October 13, 2016, a NOV was issued by the SCAQMD for an alleged nuisance created from flaring 
associated with the October 11, 2016 Southern California Edison power disruption. On January 4, 2017, a NOV 
was also issued for an alleged discharge of air contaminants from Tank 1340x113 that caused a nuisance to a 
considerable number of persons or to the public. On January 13, 2017, a NOV was issued by the City of Torrance 
for allegedly failing to report a release or threatened release of hazardous material. On January 7, 2017, the Torrance 
refinery allegedly experienced a third release (January 3, January 4 and January 7) in a week of untreated Naphtha 
gas due to the generation of higher capacity from the Coker Unit. No settlement or penalty demand have been 
received to date with respect to these notices. It is possible that SCAQMD and/or the City of Torrance will assess 
penalties in these matters in excess of $0.1 million but any such amount is not expected to be material to us, 
individually or in the aggregate.

We cannot predict what additional health, safety and environmental legislation or regulations will be enacted 
or become effective in the future or how existing or future laws or regulations will be administered or interpreted 
with respect to our operations. Compliance with more stringent laws or regulations or adverse changes in the 
interpretation of existing requirements or discovery of new information such as unknown contamination could 
have an adverse effect on the financial position and the results of our operations and could require substantial 
expenditures for the installation and operation of systems and equipment that we do not currently possess.

24

GLOSSARY OF SELECTED TERMS 

Unless otherwise noted or indicated by context, the following terms used in this Annual Report on Form 10-

K have the following meanings:

“AB 32” refers to the greenhouse gas emission control regulations in the state of California to comply with 

Assembly Bill 32.

“ASCI” refers to the Argus Sour Crude Index, a pricing index used to approximate market prices for sour, 

heavy crude oil.

“Bakken” refers to both a crude oil production region generally covering North Dakota, Montana and 

Western Canada, and the crude oil that is produced in that region.

“barrel” refers to a common unit of measure in the oil industry, which equates to 42 gallons at 1 atmosphere 

pressure.

“blendstocks” refers to various compounds that are combined with gasoline or diesel from the crude oil 
refining process to make finished gasoline and diesel; these may include natural gasoline, FCC unit gasoline, 
ethanol, reformate or butane, among others.

“bpd” refers to an abbreviation for barrels per day.

“CAA” refers to the Clean Air Act.

“CAM  Pipeline”  or  "CAM  Connection  Pipeline"  refers  to  the  Clovelly-Alliance-Meraux  pipeline  in 

Louisiana.

“CAPP” refers to the Canadian Association of Petroleum Producers.

"CARB" refers to the California Air Resources Board; gasoline and diesel fuel sold in the state of California 
are regulated by CARB and require stricter quality and emissions reduction performance than required by other 
states.

“catalyst” refers to a substance that alters, accelerates, or instigates chemical changes, but is not produced 

as a product of the refining process.

“coke” refers to a coal-like substance that is produced from heavier crude oil fractions during the refining 

process.

“complexity” refers to the number, type and capacity of processing units at a refinery, measured by the 
Nelson Complexity Index, which is often used as a measure of a refinery’s ability to process lower quality crude 
in an economic manner.

“crack spread” refers to a simplified calculation that measures the difference between the price for light 
products and crude oil. For example, we reference (a) the 2-1-1 crack spread, which is a general industry standard 
utilized by our Delaware City, Paulsboro and Chalmette refineries that approximates the per barrel refining margin 
resulting from processing two barrels of crude oil to produce one barrel of gasoline and one barrel of heating oil 
or ULSD and (b) the 4-3-1 crack spread, which is a benchmark utilized by our Toledo and Torrance refineries that 
approximates the per barrel refining margin resulting from processing four barrels of crude oil to produce three 
barrels of gasoline and one-half barrel of jet fuel and one-half barrel of ULSD. 

“Dated Brent” refers to Brent blend oil, a light, sweet North Sea crude oil, characterized by an API gravity 
of 38° and a sulfur content of approximately 0.4 weight percent that is used as a benchmark for other crude oils.

“distillates” refers primarily to diesel, heating oil, kerosene and jet fuel.

25

“downstream” refers to the downstream sector of the energy industry generally describing oil refineries, 
marketing and distribution companies that refine crude oil and sell and distribute refined products. The opposite 
of the downstream sector is the upstream sector, which refers to exploration and production companies that search 
for and/or produce crude oil and natural gas underground or through drilling or exploratory wells.

“EPA” refers to the United States Environmental Protection Agency.

“ethanol” refers to a clear, colorless, flammable oxygenated liquid. Ethanol is typically produced chemically 
from ethylene, or biologically from fermentation of various sugars from carbohydrates found in agricultural crops 
and cellulosic residues from crops or wood. It is used in the United States as a gasoline octane enhancer and 
oxygenate.

“feedstocks” refers to crude oil and partially refined petroleum products that are processed and blended 

into refined products.

“FASB” refers to the Financial Accounting Standards Board which develops GAAP.

“FCC” refers to fluid catalytic cracking.

“FCU” refers to fluid coking unit.

“FERC” refers to the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission.

“GAAP” refers to U.S. generally accepted accounting principles developed by the Financial Accounting 

Standards Board for nongovernmental entities. 

“GHG” refers to greenhouse gas.

“Group I base oils or lubricants” refers to conventionally refined products characterized by sulfur content 
less than 0.03% with a viscosity index between 80 and 120. Typically, these products are used in a variety of 
automotive and industrial applications.

“heavy crude oil” refers to a relatively inexpensive crude oil with a low API gravity characterized by high 
relative density and viscosity. Heavy crude oils require greater levels of processing to produce high value products 
such as gasoline and diesel.

“IDR" refers to Incentive Distribution Rights.

“IPO” refers to the initial public offering of PBF Energy’s Class A common stock which closed on December 

18, 2012.

"J. Aron" refers to J. Aron & Company, a subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

“KV” refers to Kilovolts.

"LCM" refers to a GAAP requirement for inventory to be valued at the lower of cost or market. 

“light crude oil” refers to a relatively expensive crude oil with a high API gravity characterized by low 
relative density and viscosity. Light crude oils require lower levels of processing to produce high value products 
such as gasoline and diesel.

“light products” refers to the group of refined products with lower boiling temperatures, including gasoline 

and distillates.

“light-heavy differential” refers to the price difference between light crude oil and heavy crude oil.

26

"LLS" refers to Light Louisiana Sweet benchmark for crude oil reflective of Gulf coast economics for light 

sweet domestic and foreign crudes.

“LPG” refers to liquefied petroleum gas.

“Maya” refers to Maya crude oil, a heavy, sour crude oil characterized by an API gravity of approximately 
22° and a sulfur content of approximately 3.3 weight percent that is used as a benchmark for other heavy crude 
oils.

“MLP” refers to master limited partnership.

“MMbbls” refers to an abbreviation for million barrels.

“MMBTU” refers to million British thermal units.

“MMSCFD” refers to million standard cubic feet per day.

"MOEM Pipeline" refers to a pipeline that originates at a terminal in Empire, Louisiana approximately 
30 miles north of the mouth of the Mississippi River. The MOEM Pipeline is 14 inches in diameter, 54 miles long 
and transports crude from South Louisiana to the Chalmette refinery and transports Heavy Louisiana Sweet (HLS) 
and South Louisiana Intermediate (SLI) crude.

“MSCG” refers to Morgan Stanley Capital Group Inc.

“MW” refers to Megawatt.

“Nelson  Complexity  Index”  refers  to  the  complexity  of  an  oil  refinery  as  measured  by  the  Nelson 
Complexity Index, which is calculated on an annual basis by the Oil and Gas Journal. The Nelson Complexity 
Index assigns a complexity factor to each major piece of refinery equipment based on its complexity and cost in 
comparison to crude distillation, which is assigned a complexity factor of 1.0. The complexity of each piece of 
refinery equipment is then calculated by multiplying its complexity factor by its throughput ratio as a percentage 
of crude distillation capacity. Adding up the complexity values assigned to each piece of equipment, including 
crude distillation, determines a refinery’s complexity on the Nelson Complexity Index. A refinery with a complexity 
of 10.0 on the Nelson Complexity Index is considered ten times more complex than crude distillation for the same 
amount of throughput.

“NYH” refers to the New York Harbor market value of petroleum products.

“NYMEX” refers to the New York Mercantile Exchange. 

"NYSE" refers to the New York Stock Exchange.

"PADD" refers to Petroleum Administration for Defense Districts.

“Platts” refers to Platts, a division of The McGraw-Hill Companies.

“PPM” refers to parts per million.

"RINS" refers to renewable fuel credits required for compliance with the Renewable Fuels Standard.

“refined products” refers to petroleum products, such as gasoline, diesel and jet fuel, that are produced by 

a refinery.

“sour crude oil” refers to a crude oil that is relatively high in sulfur content, requiring additional processing 

to remove the sulfur. Sour crude oil is typically less expensive than sweet crude oil.

“Saudi Aramco” refers to Saudi Arabian Oil Company.

27

“SEC” refers to the United States Securities and Exchange Commission.

“Statoil” refers to Statoil Marketing and Trading (US) Inc.

“Sunoco” refers to Sunoco, Inc. (R&M).

“sweet crude oil” refers to a crude oil that is relatively low in sulfur content, requiring less processing to 

remove the sulfur than sour crude oil. Sweet crude oil is typically more expensive than sour crude oil.

“Syncrude” refers to a blend of Canadian synthetic oil, a light, sweet crude oil, typically characterized by 

API gravity between 30° and 32° and a sulfur content of approximately 0.1-0.2 weight percent.

“throughput” refers to the volume processed through a unit or refinery.

“turnaround” refers to a periodically required shutdown and comprehensive maintenance event to refurbish 
and maintain a refinery unit or units that involves the inspection of such units and occurs generally on a periodic 
cycle.

“ULSD” refers to ultra-low-sulfur diesel.

“Valero” refers to Valero Energy Corporation.

“WCS” refers to Western Canadian Select, a heavy, sour crude oil blend typically characterized by API 
gravity between 20° and 22° and a sulfur content of approximately 3.5 weight percent that is used as a benchmark 
for heavy Western Canadian crude oil.

“WTI” refers to West Texas Intermediate crude oil, a light, sweet crude oil, typically characterized by API 
gravity between 38° and 40° and a sulfur content of approximately 0.3 weight percent that is used as a benchmark 
for other crude oils.

“WTS” refers to West Texas Sour crude oil, a sour crude oil characterized by API gravity between 30° and 
33° and a sulfur content of approximately 1.28 weight percent that is used as a benchmark for other sour crude 
oils.

“yield” refers to the percentage of refined products that is produced from crude oil and other feedstocks.

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Risks Relating to Our Business and Industry

You should carefully read the risks and uncertainties described below. The risks and uncertainties described 
below are not the only ones facing our company. Additional risks and uncertainties may also impair our business 
operations. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business, financial condition, results of operations or 
cash flows would likely suffer. In that case, the trading price of our Class A common stock could fall.

The price volatility of crude oil, other feedstocks, blendstocks, refined products and fuel and utility services 
may have a material adverse effect on our revenues, profitability, cash flows and liquidity.

Our revenues, profitability, cash flows and liquidity from operations depend primarily on the margin above 
operating expenses (including the cost of refinery feedstocks, such as crude oil, intermediate partially refined 
petroleum products, and natural gas liquids that are processed and blended into refined products) at which we are 
able to sell refined products. Refining is primarily a margin-based business and, to increase profitability, it is 
important to maximize the yields of high value finished products while minimizing the costs of feedstock and 
operating  expenses. When  the  margin  between  refined  product  prices  and  crude  oil  and  other  feedstock  costs 
contracts, our earnings, profitability and cash flows are negatively affected. Refining margins historically have 
been volatile, and are likely to continue to be volatile, as a result of a variety of factors, including fluctuations in 
the prices of crude oil, other feedstocks, refined products and fuel and utility services. An increase or decrease in 
the price of crude oil will likely result in a similar increase or decrease in prices for refined products; however, 
there may be a time lag in the realization, or no such realization, of the similar increase or decrease in prices for 
refined products. The effect of changes in crude oil prices on our refining margins therefore depends in part on 
how quickly and how fully refined product prices adjust to reflect these changes.

In addition, the nature of our business requires us to maintain substantial crude oil, feedstock and refined 
product inventories. Because crude oil, feedstock and refined products are commodities, we have no control over 
the changing market value of these inventories. Our crude oil, feedstock and refined product inventories are valued 
at the lower of cost or market value under the last-in-first-out (“LIFO”) inventory valuation methodology. If the 
market value of our crude oil, feedstock and refined product inventory declines to an amount less than our LIFO 
cost, we would record a write-down of inventory and a non-cash impact to cost of sales. For example, during the 
year ended December 31, 2016, the Company recorded an adjustment to value its inventories to the lower of cost 
or market which increased operating income and net income by $521.3 million and $317.7 million, respectively, 
reflecting the net change in the lower of cost or market inventory reserve from $1,117.3 million at December 31, 
2015 to $596.0 million at December 31, 2016. 

Prices of crude oil, other feedstocks, blendstocks, and refined products depend on numerous factors beyond 
our control, including the supply of and demand for crude oil, other feedstocks, gasoline, diesel, ethanol, asphalt 
and other refined products. Such supply and demand are affected by a variety of economic, market, environmental 
and political conditions.

Our direct operating expense structure also impacts our profitability. Our major direct operating expenses 
include employee and contract labor, maintenance and energy. Our predominant variable direct operating cost is 
energy, which is comprised primarily of fuel and other utility services. The volatility in costs of fuel, principally 
natural gas, and other utility services, principally electricity, used by our refineries and other operations affect our 
operating costs. Fuel and utility prices have been, and will continue to be, affected by factors outside our control, 
such as supply and demand for fuel and utility services in both local and regional markets. Natural gas prices have 
historically been volatile and, typically, electricity prices fluctuate with natural gas prices. Future increases in fuel 
and utility prices may have a negative effect on our refining margins, profitability and cash flows.

Our profitability is affected by crude oil differentials and related factors, which fluctuate substantially.

A  significant  portion  of  our  profitability  is  derived  from  the  ability  to  purchase  and  process  crude  oil 
feedstocks  that  historically  have  been  cheaper  than  benchmark  crude  oils,  such  as  the  heavy,  sour  crude  oils 
29

processed at our Delaware City, Paulsboro, Chalmette and Torrance refineries. For our Toledo refinery, historically 
crude prices have been slightly above the WTI benchmark, however, that premium to WTI typically results in 
favorable  refinery  production  yield.  For  all  locations,  these  crude  oil  differentials  can  vary  significantly  from 
quarter to quarter depending on overall economic conditions and trends and conditions within the markets for crude 
oil and refined products. Any change in these crude oil differentials may have an impact on our earnings. Our rail 
investment and strategy to acquire cost advantaged Mid-Continent and Canadian crude, which are priced based 
on WTI, could be adversely affected when the Dated Brent/WTI or related differential narrows. A narrowing of 
the WTI/Dated Brent differential may result in our Toledo refinery losing a portion of its crude oil price advantage 
over certain of our competitors, which negatively impacts our profitability. In addition, the narrowing of the WTI/
WCS differential, which is a proxy for the difference between light U.S. and heavy Canadian crude oil, may reduce 
our refining margins and adversely affect our profitability and earnings. Divergent views have been expressed as 
to  the  expected  magnitude  of  changes  to  these  crude  differentials  in  future  periods. Any  further  or  continued 
narrowing of these differentials could have a material adverse effect on our business and profitability.

Additionally, governmental and regulatory actions, including recent initiatives by the Organization of the 
Petroleum  Exporting  Countries  to  restrict  crude  oil  production  levels  and  executive  actions  by  the  new  U.S. 
presidential administration to advance certain energy infrastructure projects such as the Keystone XL pipeline, 
may continue to impact crude oil prices and crude oil differentials. Any increase in crude oil prices or unfavorable 
movements in crude oil differentials due to such actions or changing regulatory environment may negatively impact 
our ability to acquire crude oil at economical prices and could have a material adverse effect on our business and 
profitability.

The repeal of the crude oil export ban in the United States may affect our profitability.

In  December  2015,  the  United  States  Congress  passed  and  the  President  signed  the  2016  Omnibus 
Appropriations bill which included a repeal of the ban on the export of crude oil produced in the United States. 
The crude export ban was established by the Energy Policy and Conservation Act in 1975 to reduce reliance on 
foreign oil producing countries. While there are differing views on the magnitude of the impact of lifting the crude 
export ban on crude oil prices, most economists believe the export ban repeal will eventually lead to higher crude 
oil prices and narrowing Dated Brent/WTI differentials and in turn higher gasoline prices in the United States. 
Crude oil is our most significant input cost and there is no guaranty that increases in our crude oil costs will be 
offset by corresponding increases in the selling prices of our refined products. As a result, an increase in crude oil 
prices resulting from the repeal of the crude oil export ban may reduce our profitability.

Our recent historical earnings have been concentrated and may continue to be concentrated in the future.

Our five refineries have similar throughput capacity, however, favorable market conditions due to, among 
other things, geographic location, crude and refined product slates, and customer demand, may cause an individual 
refinery to contribute more significantly to our earnings than others for a period of time. For example, our Toledo, 
Ohio refinery in the past has produced a substantial portion of our earnings. As a result, if there were a significant 
disruption to operations at this refinery, our earnings could be materially adversely affected (to the extent not 
recoverable through insurance) disproportionately to Toledo’s portion of our consolidated throughput. The Toledo 
refinery, or one of our other refineries, may continue to disproportionately affect our results of operations in the 
future. Any prolonged disruption to the operations of such refinery, whether due to labor difficulties, destruction 
of or damage to such facilities, severe weather conditions, interruption of utilities service or other reasons, could 
have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations or financial condition.

A significant interruption or casualty loss at any of our refineries and related assets could reduce our production, 
particularly  if  not  fully  covered  by  our  insurance.  Failure  by  one  or  more  insurers  to  honor  its  coverage 
commitments for an insured event could materially and adversely affect our future cash flows, operating results 
and financial condition.

Our business currently consists of owning and operating five refineries and related assets. As a result, our 
operations could be subject to significant interruption if any of our refineries were to experience a major accident, 

30

be damaged by severe weather or other natural disaster, or otherwise be forced to shut down or curtail production 
due to unforeseen events, such as acts of God, nature, orders of governmental authorities, supply chain disruptions 
impacting our crude rail facilities or other logistical assets, power outages, acts of terrorism, fires, toxic emissions 
and maritime hazards. Any such shutdown or disruption would reduce the production from that refinery. There is 
also risk of mechanical failure and equipment shutdowns both in general and following unforeseen events. Further, 
in such situations, undamaged refinery processing units may be dependent on or interact with damaged sections 
of our refineries and, accordingly, are also subject to being shut down. In the event any of our refineries is forced 
to shut down for a significant period of time, it would have a material adverse effect on our earnings, our other 
results of operations and our financial condition as a whole.

As protection against these hazards, we maintain insurance coverage against some, but not all, such potential 
losses and liabilities. We may not be able to maintain or obtain insurance of the type and amount we desire at 
reasonable rates. As a result of market conditions, premiums and deductibles for certain of our insurance policies 
may increase substantially. In some instances, certain insurance could become unavailable or available only for 
reduced  amounts  of  coverage.  For  example,  coverage  for  hurricane  damage  can  be  limited,  and  coverage  for 
terrorism risks can include broad exclusions. If we were to incur a significant liability for which we were not fully 
insured, it could have a material adverse effect on our financial position.

Our insurance program includes a number of insurance carriers. Significant disruptions in financial markets 
could lead to a deterioration in the financial condition of many financial institutions, including insurance companies 
and, therefore, we may not be able to obtain the full amount of our insurance coverage for insured events.

Our refineries are subject to interruptions of supply and distribution as a result of our reliance on pipelines 
and railroads for transportation of crude oil and refined products.

Our  Toledo,  Chalmette  and  Torrance  refineries  receive  a  significant  portion  of  their  crude  oil  through 
pipelines. These pipelines include the Enbridge system, Capline and Mid-Valley pipelines for supplying crude to 
our Toledo refinery, the MOEM and CAM pipelines for supplying crude to our Chalmette refinery and the San 
Joaquin Pipeline, San Ardo and Coastal Pipeline systems for supplying crude to our Torrance refinery. Additionally, 
our Toledo, Chalmette and Torrance refineries deliver a significant portion of the refined products through pipelines. 
These pipelines include pipelines such as the Sunoco Logistics Partners L.P. and Buckeye Partners L.P. pipelines 
at Toledo, the Collins Pipeline at our Chalmette refinery and Jet Pipeline to the Los Angeles International Airport, 
the Product Pipeline to Vernon and the Product Pipeline to Atwood at our Torrance refinery. We could experience 
an interruption of supply or delivery, or an increased cost of receiving crude oil and delivering refined products to 
market, if the ability of these pipelines to transport crude oil or refined products is disrupted because of accidents, 
weather interruptions, governmental regulation, terrorism, other third party action or casualty or other events.

The Delaware City rail unloading facilities allow our East Coast refineries to source WTI-based crudes from 
Western Canada and the Mid-Continent, which may provide significant cost advantages versus traditional Brent-
based international crudes in certain market environments. Any disruptions or restrictions to our supply of crude 
by rail due to problems with third party logistics infrastructure or operations or as a result of increased regulations, 
could increase our crude costs and negatively impact our results of operations and cash flows.

In addition, due to the common carrier regulatory obligation applicable to interstate oil pipelines, capacity 
allocation  among  shippers  can  become  contentious  in  the  event  demand  is  in  excess  of  capacity.  Therefore, 
nominations by new shippers or increased nominations by existing shippers may reduce the capacity available to 
us. Any prolonged interruption in the operation or curtailment of available capacity of the pipelines that we rely 
upon for transportation of crude oil and refined products could have a further material adverse effect on our business, 
financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

31

We may have capital needs for which our internally generated cash flows and other sources of liquidity may 
not be adequate. 

If we cannot generate sufficient cash flows or otherwise secure sufficient liquidity to support our short-term 
and  long-term  capital  requirements,  we  may  not  be  able  to  meet  our  payment  obligations  or  our  future  debt 
obligations,  comply  with  certain  deadlines  related  to  environmental  regulations  and  standards,  or  pursue  our 
business strategies, including acquisitions, in which case our operations may not perform as we currently expect. 
We have substantial short-term capital needs and may have substantial long term capital needs. Our short-term 
working capital needs are primarily related to financing certain of our refined products inventory not covered by 
our  various  supply  and  Inventory  Intermediation  Agreements.  Pursuant  to  the  Inventory  Intermediation 
Agreements, J. Aron purchases and holds title to certain of the intermediate and finished products produced by the 
Delaware City and Paulsboro refineries and delivered into the tanks at the refineries (or at other locations outside 
of the refineries as agreed upon by both parties). Furthermore, J. Aron agrees to sell the intermediate and finished 
products back to us as they are discharged out of the refineries' tanks (or other locations outside of the refineries 
as agreed upon by both parties). On May 29, 2015, PBF Holding entered into amended and restated inventory 
intermediation agreements with J. Aron pursuant to which certain terms of the existing inventory intermediation 
agreements were amended, including, among other things, pricing and an extension of the term for a period of two 
years from the original expiry date of July 1, 2015, subject to certain early termination rights. In addition, the A&R 
Intermediation Agreements for both the Delaware City and Paulsboro refineries with J. Aron include one-year 
renewal clauses upon six months' advance notice by mutual consent of both parties. The A&R Intermediation 
Agreements have not been renewed and are scheduled to expire July 1, 2017. If we are unable to negotiate an 
extension  with  J. Aron  or  enter  into  an  alternative  intermediation  agreement,  we  will  have  to  repurchase  the 
inventories outstanding under the A&R Intermediation Agreement at that time.

If we cannot adequately handle our crude oil and feedstock requirements or if we are required to obtain our 
crude oil supply at our other refineries without the benefit of the existing supply arrangements or the applicable 
counterparty defaults in its obligations, our crude oil pricing costs may increase as the number of days between 
when  we  pay  for  the  crude  oil  and  when  the  crude  oil  is  delivered  to  us  increases. Termination  of  our A&R 
Intermediation Agreements with J. Aron would require us to finance our refined products inventory covered by 
the agreements at terms that may not be as favorable. Additionally, we are obligated to repurchase from J. Aron 
all volumes of products located at the refineries’ storage tanks (or at other locations outside of the refineries as 
agreed upon by both parties) upon termination of these agreements, which may have a material adverse impact on 
our working capital and financial condition. Further, if we are not able to market and sell our finished products to 
credit worthy customers, we may be subject to delays in the collection of our accounts receivable and exposure to 
additional credit risk. Such increased exposure could negatively impact our liquidity due to our increased working 
capital needs as a result of the increase in the amount of crude oil inventory and accounts receivable we would 
have  to  carry  on  our  balance  sheet.  Our  long-term  needs  for  cash  include  those  to  support  ongoing  capital 
expenditures for equipment maintenance and upgrades during turnarounds at our refineries and to complete our 
routine and normally scheduled maintenance, regulatory and security expenditures. 

In addition, from time to time, we are required to spend significant amounts for repairs when one or more 
processing units experiences temporary shutdowns. We continue to utilize significant capital to upgrade equipment, 
improve facilities, and reduce operational, safety and environmental risks. In connection with the Paulsboro and 
Torrance acquisitions, we assumed certain significant environmental obligations, and may similarly do so in future 
acquisitions. We will likely incur substantial compliance costs in connection with new or changing environmental, 
health and safety regulations. See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition.” Our 
liquidity condition will affect our ability to satisfy any and all of these needs or obligations. 

We may not be able to obtain funding on acceptable terms or at all because of volatility and uncertainty in the 
credit and capital markets. This may hinder or prevent us from meeting our future capital needs.

In the recent past, global financial markets and economic conditions have been, and may continue to be, 
subject to disruption and volatile due to a variety of factors, including uncertainty in the financial services sector, 
low  consumer  confidence,  falling  commodity  prices,  geopolitical  issues  and  the  generally  weak  economic 
32

conditions. In addition, the fixed income markets have experienced periods of extreme volatility that have negatively 
impacted market liquidity conditions. As a result, the cost of raising money in the debt and equity capital markets 
has increased substantially at times while the availability of funds from those markets diminished significantly. In 
particular, as a result of concerns about the stability of financial markets generally and the solvency of lending 
counterparties specifically, the cost of obtaining money from the credit markets may increase as many lenders and 
institutional investors increase interest rates, enact tighter lending standards, refuse to refinance existing debt on 
similar terms or at all and reduce or, in some cases, cease to provide funding to borrowers. Due to these factors, 
we cannot be certain that new debt or equity financing will be available on acceptable terms. If funding is not 
available when needed, or is available only on unfavorable terms, we may be unable to meet our obligations as 
they come due. Moreover, without adequate funding, we may be unable to execute our growth strategy, complete 
future acquisitions, take advantage of other business opportunities or respond to competitive pressures, any of 
which could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and results of operations.

Competition from companies who produce their own supply of feedstocks, have extensive retail outlets, make 
alternative fuels or have greater financial and other resources than we do could materially and adversely affect 
our business and results of operations.

Our refining operations compete with domestic refiners and marketers in regions of the United States in 
which we operate, as well as with domestic refiners in other regions and foreign refiners that import products into 
the United States. In addition, we compete with other refiners, producers and marketers in other industries that 
supply their own renewable fuels or alternative forms of energy and fuels to satisfy the requirements of our industrial, 
commercial and individual consumers. Certain of our competitors have larger and more complex refineries, and 
may be able to realize lower per-barrel costs or higher margins per barrel of throughput. Several of our principal 
competitors are integrated national or international oil companies that are larger and have substantially greater 
resources than we do and access to proprietary sources of controlled crude oil production. Unlike these competitors, 
we  obtain  substantially  all  of  our  feedstocks  from  unaffiliated  sources. We  are  not  engaged  in  the  petroleum 
exploration and production business and therefore do not produce any of our crude oil feedstocks. We do not have 
a retail business and therefore are dependent upon others for outlets for our refined products. Because of their 
integrated operations and larger capitalization, these companies may be more flexible in responding to volatile 
industry  or  market  conditions,  such  as  shortages  of  crude  oil  supply  and  other  feedstocks  or  intense  price 
fluctuations.

Newer  or  upgraded  refineries  will  often  be  more  efficient  than  our  refineries,  which  may  put  us  at  a 
competitive disadvantage. We have taken significant measures to maintain our refineries including the installation 
of new equipment and redesigning older equipment to improve our operations. However, these actions involve 
significant uncertainties, since upgraded equipment may not perform at expected throughput levels, the yield and 
product quality of new equipment may differ from design specifications and modifications may be needed to correct 
equipment that does not perform as expected. Any of these risks associated with new equipment, redesigned older 
equipment or repaired equipment could lead to lower revenues or higher costs or otherwise have an adverse effect 
on future results of operations and financial condition. Over time, our refineries or certain refinery units may 
become obsolete, or be unable to compete, because of the construction of new, more efficient facilities by our 
competitors.

Any political instability, military strikes, sustained military campaigns, terrorist activity, or changes in foreign 
policy could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Any  political  instability,  military  strikes,  sustained  military  campaigns,  terrorist  activity,  or  changes  in 
foreign policy in areas or regions of the world where we acquire crude oil and other raw materials or sell our refined 
petroleum  products  may  affect  our  business  in  unpredictable  ways,  including  forcing  us  to  increase  security 
measures and causing disruptions of supplies and distribution markets. We may also be subject to United States 
trade and economic sanctions laws, which change frequently as a result of foreign policy developments, and which 
may necessitate changes to our crude oil acquisition activities. Further, like other industrial companies, our facilities 
may be the target of terrorist activities. Any act of war or terrorism that resulted in damage to any of our refineries 

33

or third-party facilities upon which we are dependent for our business operations could have a material adverse 
effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Economic turmoil in the global financial system has had and may in the future have an adverse impact on the 
refining industry.

Our business and profitability are affected by the overall level of demand for our products, which in turn is 
affected by factors such as overall levels of economic activity and business and consumer confidence and spending. 
Declines in global economic activity and consumer and business confidence and spending during the recent global 
downturn significantly reduced the level of demand for our products. Reduced demand for our products has had 
and may continue to have an adverse impact on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash 
flows. In addition, downturns in the economy impact the demand for refined fuels and, in turn, result in excess 
refining capacity. Refining margins are impacted by changes in domestic and global refining capacity, as increases 
in refining capacity can adversely impact refining margins, earnings and cash flows.

Our business is indirectly exposed to risks faced by our suppliers, customers and other business partners. 
The impact on these constituencies of the risks posed by economic turmoil in the global financial system have 
included or could include interruptions or delays in the performance by counterparties to our contracts, reductions 
and  delays  in  customer  purchases,  delays  in  or  the  inability  of  customers  to  obtain  financing  to  purchase  our 
products and the inability of customers to pay for our products. Any of these events may have an adverse impact 
on our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows.

We  must  make  substantial  capital  expenditures  on  our  operating  facilities  to  maintain  their  reliability  and 
efficiency. If we are unable to complete capital projects at their expected costs and/or in a timely manner, or if 
the  market  conditions  assumed  in  our  project  economics  deteriorate,  our  financial  condition,  results  of 
operations or cash flows could be materially and adversely affected.

Delays  or  cost  increases  related  to  capital  spending  programs  involving  engineering,  procurement  and 
construction of new facilities (or improvements and repairs to our existing facilities and equipment, including 
turnarounds) could adversely affect our ability to achieve targeted internal rates of return and operating results. 
Such delays or cost increases may arise as a result of unpredictable factors in the marketplace, many of which are 
beyond our control, including:

•  denial or delay in obtaining regulatory approvals and/or permits;
•  unplanned increases in the cost of construction materials or labor;
•  disruptions in transportation of modular components and/or construction materials;
• 

severe  adverse  weather  conditions,  natural  disasters  or  other  events  (such  as  equipment  malfunctions, 
explosions, fires or spills) affecting our facilities, or those of vendors and suppliers;
shortages of sufficiently skilled labor, or labor disagreements resulting in unplanned work stoppages;

• 
•  market-related increases in a project’s debt or equity financing costs; and/or
•  non-performance or force majeure by, or disputes with, vendors, suppliers, contractors or sub-contractors 

involved with a project.

Our refineries contain many processing units, a number of which have been in operation for many years. 
Equipment,  even  if  properly  maintained,  may  require  significant  capital  expenditures  and  expenses  to  keep  it 
operating at optimum efficiency. One or more of the units may require unscheduled downtime for unanticipated 
maintenance  or  repairs  that  are  more  frequent  than  our  scheduled  turnarounds  for  such  units.  Scheduled  and 
unscheduled maintenance could reduce our revenues during the period of time that the units are not operating.

Our forecasted internal rates of return are also based upon our projections of future market fundamentals, 
which are not within our control, including changes in general economic conditions, available alternative supply 
and customer demand. Any one or more of these factors could have a significant impact on our business. If we 
were unable to make up the delays associated with such factors or to recover the related costs, or if market conditions 
change, it could materially and adversely affect our financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

34

Acquisitions that we may undertake in the future involve a number of risks, any of which could cause us not 
to realize the anticipated benefits.

We may not be successful in acquiring additional assets, and any acquisitions that we do consummate may 
not produce the anticipated benefits or may have adverse effects on our business and operating results. We may 
selectively  consider  strategic  acquisitions  in  the  future  within  the  refining  and  mid-stream  sector  based  on 
performance  through  the  cycle,  advantageous  access  to  crude  oil  supplies,  attractive  refined  products  market 
fundamentals and access to distribution and logistics infrastructure. Our ability to do so will be dependent upon a 
number of factors, including our ability to identify acceptable acquisition candidates, consummate acquisitions on 
acceptable terms, successfully integrate acquired assets and obtain financing to fund acquisitions and to support 
our growth and many other factors beyond our control. Risks associated with acquisitions include those relating 
to the diversion of management time and attention from our existing business, liability for known or unknown 
environmental  conditions  or  other  contingent  liabilities  and  greater  than  anticipated  expenditures  required  for 
compliance with environmental, safety or other regulatory standards or for investments to improve operating results, 
and the incurrence of additional indebtedness to finance acquisitions or capital expenditures relating to acquired 
assets. We may also enter into transition services agreements in the future with sellers of any additional refineries 
we acquire. Such services may not be performed timely and effectively, and any significant disruption in such 
transition services or unanticipated costs related to such services could adversely affect our business and results 
of operations. In addition, it is likely that, when we acquire refineries, we will not have access to the type of 
historical financial information that we will require regarding the prior operation of the refineries. As a result, it 
may be difficult for investors to evaluate the probable impact of significant acquisitions on our financial performance 
until we have operated the acquired refineries for a substantial period of time.

Our business may suffer if any of our senior executives or other key employees discontinues employment with 
us. Furthermore, a shortage of skilled labor or disruptions in our labor force may make it difficult for us to 
maintain labor productivity.

Our future success depends to a large extent on the services of our senior executives and other key employees. 
Our business depends on our continuing ability to recruit, train and retain highly qualified employees in all areas 
of our operations, including engineering, accounting, business operations, finance and other key back-office and 
mid-office personnel. Furthermore, our operations require skilled and experienced employees with proficiency in 
multiple tasks. The competition for these employees is intense, and the loss of these executives or employees could 
harm our business. If any of these executives or other key personnel resigns or becomes unable to continue in his 
or her present role and is not adequately replaced, our business operations could be materially adversely affected.

A  portion  of  our  workforce  is  unionized,  and  we  may  face  labor  disruptions  that  would  interfere  with  our 
operations.

At Delaware City, Toledo, Chalmette and Torrance, most hourly employees are covered by a collective 
bargaining  agreement  through  the  United  Steel  Workers  ("USW").  The  agreements  with  the  USW  covering 
Delaware City, Chalmette and Torrance are scheduled to expire in January 2019 and the agreement with the USW 
covering Toledo is scheduled to expire in February 2019. Similarly, at Paulsboro hourly employees are represented 
by the Independent Oil Workers ("IOW") under a contract scheduled to expire in March 2019. Future negotiations 
after 2019 may result in labor unrest for which a strike or work stoppage is possible. Strikes and/or work stoppages 
could negatively affect our operational and financial results and may increase operating expenses at the refineries.

Our hedging activities may limit our potential gains, exacerbate potential losses and involve other risks.

We may enter into commodity derivatives contracts to hedge our crude price risk or crack spread risk with 
respect to a portion of our expected gasoline and distillate production on a rolling basis. Consistent with that policy 
we may hedge some percentage of future crude supply. We may enter into hedging arrangements with the intent 
to secure a minimum fixed cash flow stream on the volume of products hedged during the hedge term and to protect 
against volatility in commodity prices. Our hedging arrangements may fail to fully achieve these objectives for a 
variety of reasons, including our failure to have adequate hedging arrangements, if any, in effect at any particular 

35

time and the failure of our hedging arrangements to produce the anticipated results. We may not be able to procure 
adequate hedging arrangements due to a variety of factors. Moreover, such transactions may limit our ability to 
benefit from favorable changes in crude oil and refined product prices. In addition, our hedging activities may 
expose us to the risk of financial loss in certain circumstances, including instances in which:

• 

the volumes of our actual use of crude oil or production of the applicable refined products is less than the 
volumes subject to the hedging arrangement;

•  accidents, interruptions in feedstock transportation, inclement weather or other events cause unscheduled 

shutdowns or otherwise adversely affect our refineries, or those of our suppliers or customers;

•  changes in commodity prices have a material impact on collateral and margin requirements under our 

hedging arrangements, resulting in us being subject to margin calls;
the counterparties to our derivative contracts fail to perform under the contracts; or

• 
•  a  sudden,  unexpected  event  materially  impacts  the  commodity  or  crack  spread  subject  to  the  hedging 

arrangement.

As a result, the effectiveness of our hedging strategy could have a material impact on our financial results. 
See  “Item  7.  Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations—
Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.”

In addition, these hedging activities involve basis risk. Basis risk in a hedging arrangement occurs when 
the price of the commodity we hedge is more or less variable than the index upon which the hedged commodity 
is based, thereby making the hedge less effective. For example, a NYMEX index used for hedging certain volumes 
of our crude oil or refined products may have more or less variability than the actual cost or price we realize for 
such crude oil or refined products. We may not hedge all the basis risk inherent in our hedging arrangements and 
derivative contracts.

Our commodity derivative activities could result in period-to-period earnings volatility.

We do not apply hedge accounting to all of our commodity derivative contracts and, as a result, unrealized 
gains and losses will be charged to our earnings based on the increase or decrease in the market value of such 
unsettled positions. These gains and losses may be reflected in our income statement in periods that differ from 
when the settlement of the underlying hedged items are reflected in our income statement. Such derivative gains 
or losses in earnings may produce significant period-to-period earnings volatility that is not necessarily reflective 
of our underlying operational performance.

The adoption of derivatives legislation by the United States Congress could have an adverse effect on our ability 
to use derivatives contracts to reduce the effect of commodity price, interest rate and other risks associated with 
our business. 

The United States Congress in 2010 adopted the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection 
Act, or the Dodd-Frank Act, which, among other things, established federal oversight and regulation of the over-
the-counter derivatives market and entities that participate in that market. In connection with the Dodd-Frank Act, 
the Commodity Futures Trading Commission, or the CFTC, has proposed rules to set position limits for certain 
futures and option contracts, and for swaps that are their economic equivalent, in the major energy markets. The 
legislation and related regulations may also require us to comply with margin requirements and with certain clearing 
and trade-execution requirements if we do not satisfy certain specific exceptions. The legislation may also require 
the counterparties to our derivatives contracts to transfer or assign some of their derivatives contracts to a separate 
entity, which may not be as creditworthy as the current counterparty. The legislation and related regulations could 
significantly increase the cost of derivatives contracts (including through requirements to post collateral), materially 
alter the terms of derivatives contracts, reduce the availability of derivatives to protect against risks we encounter, 
reduce our ability to monetize or restructure our existing derivatives contracts, and increase our exposure to less 
creditworthy counterparties. If we reduce our use of derivatives as a result of the legislation and regulations, our 
results of operations may become more volatile and our cash flows may be less predictable, which could adversely 

36

affect our ability to plan for and fund capital expenditures. Any of these consequences could have a material adverse 
effect on us, our financial condition and our results of operations.

Our operations could be disrupted if our critical information systems are hacked or fail, causing increased 
expenses and loss of sales.

Our business is highly dependent on financial, accounting and other data processing systems and other 
communications and information systems, including our enterprise resource planning tools. We process a large 
number of transactions on a daily basis and rely upon the proper functioning of computer systems. If a key system 
was hacked or otherwise interfered with by an unauthorized access, or was to fail or experience unscheduled 
downtime for any reason, even if only for a short period, our operations and financial results could be affected 
adversely. Our systems could be damaged or interrupted by a security breach, cyber-attack, fire, flood, power loss, 
telecommunications failure or similar event. We have a formal disaster recovery plan in place, but this plan may 
not prevent delays or other complications that could arise from an information systems failure. Further, our business 
interruption insurance may not compensate us adequately for losses that may occur. Finally, federal legislation 
relating to cyber-security threats could impose additional requirements on our operations. 

Product liability claims and litigation could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Product liability is a significant commercial risk. Substantial damage awards have been made in certain 
jurisdictions against manufacturers and resellers based upon claims for injuries and property damage caused by 
the use of or exposure to various products. Failure of our products to meet required specifications or claims that 
a product is inherently defective could result in product liability claims from our shippers and customers, and also 
arise from contaminated or off-specification product in commingled pipelines and storage tanks and/or defective 
fuels. Product liability claims against us could have a material adverse effect on our business or results of operations.

We may incur significant liability under, or costs and capital expenditures to comply with, environmental and 
health and safety regulations, which are complex and change frequently. 

Our operations are subject to federal, state and local laws regulating, among other things, the use and/or 
handling of petroleum and other regulated materials, the emission and discharge of materials into the environment, 
waste  management,  and  remediation  of  discharges  of  petroleum  and  petroleum  products,  characteristics  and 
composition of gasoline and distillates and other matters otherwise relating to the protection of the environment 
and the health and safety of the surrounding community. For example, the SCAQMD recently announced that it 
will consider banning the use of modified hydrofluoric acid, also known as MHF, in California. We utilize MHF 
in the manufacturing of gasoline at our Torrance refinery. If MHF usage is limited or restricted by the SCAQMD,our 
current operations would be adversely affected, which could have a material adverse affect on our business, financial 
condition, cash flows and results of operations. Our operations are also subject to extensive laws and regulations 
relating to occupational health and safety. 

We cannot predict what additional environmental, health and safety legislation or regulations may be adopted 
in the future, or how existing or future laws or regulations may be administered or interpreted with respect to our 
operations. Many of these laws and regulations are becoming increasingly stringent, and the cost of compliance 
with these requirements can be expected to increase over time.

Certain environmental laws impose strict, and in certain circumstances, joint and several, liability for costs 
of investigation and cleanup of such spills, discharges or releases on owners and operators of, as well as persons 
who arrange for treatment or disposal of regulated materials at, contaminated sites. Under these laws, we may 
incur liability or be required to pay penalties for past contamination, and third parties may assert claims against 
us for damages allegedly arising out of any past or future contamination. The potential penalties and clean-up costs 
for past or future releases or spills, the failure of prior owners of our facilities to complete their clean-up obligations, 
the liability to third parties for damage to their property, or the need to address newly-discovered information or 
conditions that may require a response could be significant, and the payment of these amounts could have a material 
adverse effect on our business, financial condition, cash flows and results of operations. 

37

Environmental clean-up and remediation costs of our sites and environmental litigation could decrease our net 
cash flow, reduce our results of operations and impair our financial condition.

We are subject to liability for the investigation and clean-up of environmental contamination at each of the 
properties that we own or operate and at off-site locations where we arrange for the treatment or disposal of regulated 
materials. We may become involved in future litigation or other proceedings. If we were to be held responsible for 
damages in any litigation or proceedings, such costs may not be covered by insurance and may be material. Historical 
soil and groundwater contamination has been identified at each of our refineries. Currently, remediation projects 
are underway in accordance with regulatory requirements at our refineries. In connection with the acquisitions of 
certain of our refineries and logistics assets, the prior owners have retained certain liabilities or indemnified us for 
certain liabilities, including those relating to pre-acquisition soil and groundwater conditions, and in some instances 
we  have  assumed  certain  liabilities  and  environmental  obligations,  including  certain  existing  and  potential 
remediation obligations. If the prior owners fail to satisfy their obligations for any reason, or if significant liabilities 
arise in the areas in which we assumed liability, we may become responsible for remediation expenses and other 
environmental liabilities, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition. As a result, in 
addition to making capital expenditures or incurring other costs to comply with environmental laws, we also may 
be liable for significant environmental litigation or for investigation and remediation costs and other liabilities 
arising from the ownership or operation of these assets by prior owners, which could materially adversely affect 
our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow. See “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis 
of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations—Contractual  Obligations  and  Commitments”  and  “Item  1. 
Business—Environmental, Health and Safety Matters.”

We may also face liability arising from current or future claims alleging personal injury or property damage 
due to exposure to chemicals or other regulated materials, such as asbestos, benzene, silica dust and petroleum 
hydrocarbons, at or from our facilities. We may also face liability for personal injury, property damage, natural 
resource damage or clean-up costs for the alleged migration of contamination from our properties. A significant 
increase in the number or success of these claims could materially adversely affect our financial condition, results 
of operations and cash flow.

Regulation of emissions of greenhouse gases could force us to incur increased capital and operating costs and 
could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition.

Both  houses  of  Congress  have  actively  considered  legislation  to  reduce  emissions  of  greenhouse  gases 
("GHGs"),  such  as  carbon  dioxide  and  methane,  including  proposals  to:  (i) establish  a  cap  and  trade  system, 
(ii) create a federal renewable energy or “clean” energy standard requiring electric utilities to provide a certain 
percentage  of  power  from  such  sources,  and (iii)  create  enhanced  incentives  for  use  of  renewable  energy  and 
increased efficiency in energy supply and use. In addition, the EPA is taking steps to regulate GHGs under the 
existing federal Clean Air Act (the "CAA"). The EPA has already adopted regulations limiting emissions of GHGs 
from  motor  vehicles,  addressing  the  permitting  of  GHG  emissions  from  stationary  sources,  and  requiring  the 
reporting of GHG emissions from specified large GHG emission sources, including refineries. These and similar 
regulations could require us to incur costs to monitor and report GHG emissions or reduce emissions of GHGs 
associated with our operations. In addition, various states, individually as well as in some cases on a regional basis, 
have taken steps to control GHG emissions, including adoption of GHG reporting requirements, cap and trade 
systems  and  renewable  portfolio  standards  (such  as AB  32  regulations  in  California).  Efforts  have  also  been 
undertaken to delay, limit or prohibit the EPA and possibly state action to regulate GHG emissions, and it is not 
possible at this time to predict the ultimate form, timing or extent of federal or state regulation. In addition, it is 
currently uncertain how the new presidential administration will address GHG emissions. In the event we do incur 
increased costs as a result of increased efforts to control GHG emissions, we may not be able to pass on any of 
these costs to our customers. Such requirements also could adversely affect demand for the refined petroleum 
products that we produce. Any increased costs or reduced demand could materially and adversely affect our business 
and results of operation.

Requirements to reduce emissions could result in increased costs to operate and maintain our facilities as 
well as implement and manage new emission controls and programs put in place. For example, AB 32 in California 
38

requires the state to reduce its GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020. Additionally, in September 2016, the state 
of California enacted Senate Bill 32 which further reduces greenhouse gas emissions targets to 40 percent below 
1990 levels by 2030. Two regulations implemented to achieve these goals are Cap-and-Trade and the LCFS. In 
2012, the California Air Resource Board ("CARB") implemented Cap-and-Trade. This program currently places 
a cap on GHGs and we are required to acquire a sufficient number of credits to cover emissions from our refineries 
and our in-state sales of gasoline and diesel. In 2009, CARB adopted the LCFS, which requires a 10% reduction 
in the carbon intensity of gasoline and diesel by 2020. Compliance is achieved through blending lower carbon 
intensity biofuels into gasoline and diesel or by purchasing credits. Compliance with each of these programs is 
facilitated through a market-based credit system. If sufficient credits are unavailable for purchase or we are unable 
to pass through costs to our customers, we have to pay a higher price for credits or if we are otherwise unable to 
meet our compliance obligations, our financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Climate change could have a material adverse impact on our operations and adversely affect our facilities.

Some scientists have concluded that increasing concentrations of GHGs in the Earth's atmosphere may 
produce climate changes that have significant physical effects, such as increased frequency and severity of storms, 
droughts, floods and other climatic events. We believe the issue of climate change will likely continue to receive 
scientific and political attention, with the potential for further laws and regulations that could materially adversely 
affect our ongoing operations.

In addition, as many of our facilities are located near coastal areas, rising sea levels may disrupt our ability 
to operate those facilities or transport crude oil and refined petroleum products. Extended periods of such disruption 
could have an adverse effect on our results of operation. We could also incur substantial costs to protect or repair 
these facilities.

Renewable fuels mandates may reduce demand for the refined fuels we produce, which could have a material 
adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. The market prices for RINs have been volatile 
and may harm our profitability.

Pursuant to the Energy Policy Act of 2005 and the Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007, the EPA 
has issued Renewable Fuel Standards, or RFS, implementing mandates to blend renewable fuels into the petroleum 
fuels produced and sold in the United States. Under RFS, the volume of renewable fuels that obligated refineries 
must blend into their finished petroleum fuels increases annually over time until 2022. In addition, certain states 
have passed legislation that requires minimum biodiesel blending in finished distillates. On October 13, 2010, the 
EPA raised the maximum amount of ethanol allowed under federal law from 10% to 15% for cars and light trucks 
manufactured since 2007. The maximum amount allowed under federal law currently remains at 10% ethanol for 
all other vehicles. Existing laws and regulations could change, and the minimum volumes of renewable fuels that 
must be blended with refined petroleum fuels may increase. Because we do not produce renewable fuels, increasing 
the  volume  of  renewable  fuels  that  must  be  blended  into  our  products  displaces  an  increasing  volume  of  our 
refinery’s product pool, potentially resulting in lower earnings and profitability. In addition, in order to meet certain 
of these and future EPA requirements, we may be required to purchase renewable fuel credits, known as “RINS,” 
which may have fluctuating costs. We have seen a fluctuation in the cost of RINs required for compliance with 
the RFS. We incurred approximately $347.5 million in RINs costs during the year ended December 31, 2016 as 
compared to $171.6 million and $115.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. 
The fluctuations in our RINs costs are due primarily to volatility in prices for ethanol-linked RINs and increases 
in our production of on-road transportation fuels since 2012. Our RINs purchase obligation is dependent on our 
actual shipment of on-road transportation fuels domestically and the amount of blending achieved which can cause 
variability in our profitability.

Our pipelines are subject to federal and/or state regulations, which could reduce profitability and the amount 
of cash we generate.

Our transportation activities are subject to regulation by multiple governmental agencies. The regulatory 
burden on the industry increases the cost of doing business and affects profitability. Additional proposals and 

39

proceedings  that  affect  the  oil  industry  are  regularly  considered  by  Congress,  the  states,  the  Federal  Energy 
Regulatory Commission, the United States Department of Transportation, and the courts. We cannot predict when 
or whether any such proposals may become effective or what impact such proposals may have. Projected operating 
costs related to our pipelines reflect the recurring costs resulting from compliance with these regulations, and these 
costs may increase due to future acquisitions, changes in regulation, changes in use, or discovery of existing but 
unknown compliance issues.

We are subject to strict laws and regulations regarding employee and process safety, and failure to comply with 
these laws and regulations could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition 
and profitability.

We are subject to the requirements of the Occupational Safety & Health Administration, or OSHA, and 
comparable state statutes that regulate the protection of the health and safety of workers. In addition, OSHA requires 
that we maintain information about hazardous materials used or produced in our operations and that we provide 
this information to employees, state and local governmental authorities, and local residents. Failure to comply with 
OSHA requirements, including general industry standards, process safety standards and control of occupational 
exposure  to  regulated  substances,  could  have  a  material  adverse  effect  on  our  results  of  operations,  financial 
condition and the cash flows of the business if we are subjected to significant fines or compliance costs.

Compliance with and changes in tax laws could adversely affect our performance.

We are subject to extensive tax liabilities, including federal, state, local and foreign taxes such as income, 
excise, sales/use, payroll, franchise, property, gross receipts, withholding and ad valorem taxes. New tax laws and 
regulations and changes in existing tax laws and regulations are continuously being enacted or proposed that could 
result in increased expenditures for tax liabilities in the future. These liabilities are subject to periodic audits by 
the respective taxing authorities, which could increase our tax liabilities. Subsequent changes to our tax liabilities 
as a result of these audits may also subject us to interest and penalties. There can be no certainty that our federal, 
state, local or foreign taxes could be passed on to our customers.

Furthermore, the new presidential administration has called for substantial change to fiscal and tax policies, 
which may include comprehensive tax reform. We cannot predict the impact, if any, of these changes to our business. 
However, it is possible that some of these changes could adversely affect our business. Until we know what changes 
are enacted, we will not know whether in total we are negatively impacted by, the changes.

Changes in our credit profile could adversely affect our business.

Changes in our credit profile could affect the way crude oil suppliers view our ability to make payments 
and induce them to shorten the payment terms for our purchases or require us to post security or letters of credit 
prior to payment. Due to the large dollar amounts and volume of our crude oil and other feedstock purchases, any 
imposition by our suppliers of more burdensome payment terms on us may have a material adverse effect on our 
liquidity and our ability to make payments to our suppliers. This, in turn, could cause us to be unable to operate 
one or more of our refineries at full capacity.

Changes in laws or standards affecting the transportation of North American crude oil by rail could significantly 
impact our operations, and as a result cause our costs to increase.

Investigations into past rail accidents involving the transport of crude oil have prompted government agencies 
and other interested parties to call for increased regulation of the transport of crude oil by rail including in the areas 
of crude oil constituents, rail car design, routing of trains and other matters. Recent regulation governing shipments 
of petroleum crude oil by rail requires shippers to properly test and classify petroleum crude oil and further requires 
shippers to treat Class 3 petroleum crude oil transported by rail in tank cars as a Packing Group I or II hazardous 
material only. The DOT recently issued additional rules and regulation that require rail carriers to provide certain 
notifications to State agencies along routes utilized by trains over a certain length carrying crude oil, enhance safety 
training standards under the Rail Safety Improvement Act of 2008, require each railroad or contractor to develop 
and submit a training program to perform regular oversight and annual written reviews and establish enhanced 
40

tank car standards and operational controls for high-hazard flammable trains. The new rules and any further changes 
in law, regulations or industry standards that require us to reduce the volatile or flammable constituents in crude 
oil that is transported by rail, alter the design or standards for rail cars we use, change the routing or scheduling 
of  trains  carrying  crude  oil,  or  any  other  changes  that  detrimentally  affect  the  economics  of  delivering  North 
American crude oil by rail to our, or subsequently to third party, refineries, could increase our costs, which could 
have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows and our ability to service 
our indebtedness.

We could incur substantial costs or disruptions in our business if we cannot obtain or maintain necessary permits 
and authorizations or otherwise comply with health, safety, environmental and other laws and regulations.

Our  operations  require  numerous  permits  and  authorizations  under  various  laws  and  regulations.  These 
authorizations and permits are subject to revocation, renewal or modification and can require operational changes to 
limit impacts or potential impacts on the environment and/or health and safety. A violation of authorization or permit 
conditions  or  other  legal  or  regulatory  requirements  could  result  in  substantial  fines,  criminal  sanctions,  permit 
revocations, injunctions, and/or facility shutdowns. In addition, major modifications of our operations could require 
modifications to our existing permits or upgrades to our existing pollution control equipment. Any or all of these 
matters could have a negative effect on our business, results of operations and cash flows.

We may incur significant liability under, or costs and capital expenditures to comply with, environmental and 

health and safety regulations, which are complex and change frequently.

Our operations are subject to federal, state and local laws regulating, among other things, the handling of 
petroleum  and  other  regulated  materials,  the  emission  and  discharge  of  materials  into  the  environment,  waste 
management, and remediation of discharges of petroleum and petroleum products, characteristics and composition 
of gasoline and distillates and other matters otherwise relating to the protection of the environment. Our operations 
are also subject to extensive laws and regulations relating to occupational health and safety.

We cannot predict what additional environmental, health and safety legislation or regulations may be adopted 
in the future, or how existing or future laws or regulations may be administered or interpreted with respect to our 
operations. Many of these laws and regulations are becoming increasingly stringent, and the cost of compliance with 
these requirements can be expected to increase over time.

Certain environmental laws impose strict, and in certain circumstances joint and several liability for, costs of 
investigation and cleanup of such spills, discharges or releases on owners and operators of, as well as persons who 
arrange for treatment or disposal of regulated materials at contaminated sites. Under these laws, we may incur liability 
or be required to pay penalties for past contamination, and third parties may assert claims against us for damages 
allegedly arising out of any past or future contamination. The potential penalties and clean-up costs for past or future 
releases or spills, the failure of prior owners of our facilities to complete their clean-up obligations, the liability to 
third parties for damage to their property, or the need to address newly-discovered information or conditions that may 
require a response could be significant, and the payment of these amounts could have a material adverse effect on 
our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Our operating results are seasonal and generally lower in the first and fourth quarters of the year for our 
refining operations. We depend on favorable weather conditions in the spring and summer months. 

Demand for gasoline products is generally higher during the summer months than during the winter months 
due to seasonal increases in highway traffic and construction work. Varying vapor pressure requirements between 
the summer and winter months also tighten summer gasoline supply. As a result, the operating results of our refining 
segment are generally lower for the first and fourth quarters of each year.

41

We may not be able to successfully integrate the Chalmette Refinery or the Torrance Refinery into our business, 
or realize the anticipated benefits of these acquisitions. 

Following the completion of the Chalmette and Torrance Acquisitions, the integration of these businesses 
into  our  operations  may  be  a  complex  and  time-consuming  process  that  may  not  be  successful.  Prior  to  the 
completion of the Chalmette Acquisition we did not have any operations in the Gulf Coast and prior to the Torrance 
Acquisition we did not have any operations in the West Coast. This may add complexity to effectively overseeing, 
integrating and operating these refineries and related assets. Even if we successfully integrate these businesses into 
our operations, there can be no assurance that we will realize the anticipated benefits and operating synergies. Our 
estimates  regarding  the  earnings,  operating  cash  flow,  capital  expenditures  and  liabilities  resulting  from  these 
acquisitions may prove to be incorrect. These acquisitions involve risks, including: 

• 
• 
• 
• 

• 

unexpected losses of key employees, customers and suppliers of the acquired operations;
challenges in managing the increased scope, geographic diversity and complexity of our operations;
diversion of management time and attention from our existing business;
liability for known or unknown environmental conditions or other contingent liabilities and greater than 
anticipated expenditures required for compliance with environmental, safety or other regulatory standards 
or for investments to improve operating results; and
the  incurrence  of  additional  indebtedness  to  finance  acquisitions  or  capital  expenditures  relating  to 
acquired assets.

In connection with our recently completed Chalmette and Torrance Acquisitions, we did not have access to 
the type of historical financial information that we may require regarding the prior operation of the refineries. As 
a result, it may be difficult for investors to evaluate the probable impact of these significant acquisitions on our 
financial performance until we have operated the acquired refineries for a substantial period of time. 

Risks Related to Our Indebtedness

Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial condition and prevent us from fulfilling our 
obligations under our indebtedness.

Our  substantial  indebtedness  may  significantly  affect  our  financial  flexibility  in  the  future.  As  of 
December 31, 2016, we have total debt of $2,180.7 million, excluding deferred debt issuance costs of $32.5 million, 
and we could incur an additional $701.8 million under our credit facilities. With the exception of the PBFX Senior 
Notes, substantially all of our long-term debt is secured. We may incur additional indebtedness in the future. Our 
strategy  includes  executing  future  refinery  and  logistics  acquisitions. Any  significant  acquisition  would  likely 
require us to incur additional indebtedness in order to finance all or a portion of such acquisition. The level of our 
indebtedness has several important consequences for our future operations, including that:

•  a significant portion of our cash flow from operations will be dedicated to the payment of principal of, and 

interest on, our indebtedness and will not be available for other purposes;

•  covenants contained in our existing debt arrangements limit our ability to borrow additional funds, dispose 

• 

of assets and make certain investments;
these covenants also require us to meet or maintain certain financial tests, which may affect our flexibility 
in planning for, and reacting to, changes in our industry, such as being able to take advantage of acquisition 
opportunities when they arise;

•  our ability to obtain additional financing for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions, general 

corporate and other purposes may be limited; and

•  we may be at a competitive disadvantage to those of our competitors that are less leveraged; and we may 

be more vulnerable to adverse economic and industry conditions.

Our substantial indebtedness increases the risk that we may default on our debt obligations, certain of which 
contain cross-default and/or cross-acceleration provisions. We have significant principal payments due under our 
debt instruments. Our subsidiaries’ ability to meet their principal obligations will be dependent upon our future 
performance, which in turn will be subject to general economic conditions, industry cycles and financial, business 
42

and other factors affecting our operations, many of which are beyond our control. Our business may not continue 
to generate sufficient cash flow from operations to repay our substantial indebtedness. If we are unable to generate 
sufficient  cash  flow  from  operations,  we  may  be  required  to  sell  assets,  to  refinance  all  or  a  portion  of  our 
indebtedness or to obtain additional financing. Refinancing may not be possible and additional financing may not 
be available on commercially acceptable terms, or at all.

Despite our level of indebtedness, we and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantially more debt, which 
could exacerbate the risks described above.

We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future including 
additional secured debt. Although our debt instruments and financing arrangements contain restrictions on the 
incurrence of additional indebtedness, these restrictions are subject to a number of qualifications and exceptions, 
and the indebtedness incurred in compliance with these restrictions could be substantial. To the extent new debt 
is added to our currently anticipated debt levels, the substantial leverage risks described above would increase. 
Also, these restrictions do not prevent us from incurring obligations that do not constitute indebtedness.

Restrictive covenants in our debt instruments may limit our ability to undertake certain types of transactions.

Various  covenants  in  our  debt  instruments  and  other  financing  arrangements  may  restrict  our  and  our 
subsidiaries’ financial flexibility in a number of ways. Our indebtedness subjects us to significant financial and 
other restrictive covenants, including restrictions on our ability to incur additional indebtedness, place liens upon 
assets, pay dividends or make certain other restricted payments and investments, consummate certain asset sales 
or asset swaps, conduct businesses other than our current businesses, or sell, assign, transfer, lease, convey or 
otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets. Some of these debt instruments also require our subsidiaries 
to satisfy or maintain certain financial condition tests in certain circumstances. Our subsidiaries’ ability to meet 
these financial condition tests can be affected by events beyond our control and they may not meet such tests.

Provisions in our indentures could discourage an acquisition of us by a third party.

Certain provisions of our indentures could make it more difficult or more expensive for a third party to 
acquire us. Upon the occurrence of certain transactions constituting a “change in control” as described in the  
indentures governing the Senior Secured Notes and PBFX Senior Notes (both of which are defined below), holders 
of our notes could require us to repurchase all outstanding notes at 101% of the principal amount thereof, plus 
accrued and unpaid interest, if any, at the date of repurchase.

Our future credit ratings could adversely affect our ability to obtain credit in the future.

Our senior secured debt is rated BBB- by Standard & Poor’s Rating Services and B1 by Moody's Investors 
Service. Any adverse effect on our credit rating may increase our cost of borrowing or hinder our ability to raise 
financing in the capital markets, which would impair our ability to grow our business and make cash distributions 
to our shareholders.

Risks Related to Our Organizational Structure and Our Class A Common Stock

Our only material asset is our interest in PBF LLC. Accordingly, we depend upon distributions from PBF LLC 
and its subsidiaries to pay our taxes, meet our other obligations and/or pay dividends in the future. 

We are a holding company and all of our operations are conducted through subsidiaries of PBF LLC. We 
have no independent means of generating revenue and no material assets other than our ownership interest in PBF 
LLC. Therefore, we depend on the earnings and cash flow of our subsidiaries to meet our obligations, including 
our indebtedness, tax liabilities and obligations to make payments under our tax receivable agreement. If we or 
PBF LLC do not receive such cash distributions, dividends or other payments from our subsidiaries, we and PBF 
LLC may be unable to meet our obligations and/or pay dividends. 

43

We intend to cause PBF LLC to make distributions to its members in an amount sufficient to enable us to 
cover all applicable taxes at assumed tax rates, make payments owed by us under the tax receivable agreement, 
and to pay other obligations and dividends, if any, declared by us. To the extent we need funds and PBF LLC or 
any of its subsidiaries is restricted from making such distributions under applicable law or regulation or under the 
terms  of  our  financing  or  other  contractual  arrangements,  or  is  otherwise  unable  to  provide  such  funds,  such 
restrictions could materially adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition. 

Our PBF Holding asset based revolving credit agreement (the “Revolving Loan”), 8.25% Senior Secured 
Notes due 2020 issued by PBF Holding in February 2012 (the “2020 Senior Secured Notes”), 7.00% Senior Secured 
Notes due 2023 issued by PBF Holding in November 2015 (the “2023 Senior Secured Notes”, and together with 
the 2020 Senior Secured Notes, the "Senior Secured Notes") and certain of our other outstanding debt arrangements 
include a restricted payment covenant, which restricts the ability of PBF Holding to make distributions to us, and 
we anticipate our future debt will contain a similar restriction. PBFX’s five-year, $360.0 million senior secured 
revolving credit facility (the “PBFX Revolving Credit Facility”), PBFX’s three-year, $300.0 million term loan 
facility (the “PBFX Term Loan”) and PBFX's 6.875% Senior Notes due 2023 (the "PBFX Senior Notes") also 
contain  covenants  that  limit  or  restrict  PBFX’s  ability  and  the  ability  of  its  restricted  subsidiaries  to  make 
distributions and other restricted payments and restrict PBFX’s ability to incur liens and enter into burdensome 
agreements. In addition, there may be restrictions on payments by our subsidiaries under applicable laws, including 
laws that require companies to maintain minimum amounts of capital and to make payments to stockholders only 
from profits. For example, PBF Holding is generally prohibited under Delaware law from making a distribution 
to a member to the extent that, at the time of the distribution, after giving effect to the distribution, liabilities of 
the limited liability company (with certain exceptions) exceed the fair value of its assets, and PBFX is subject to 
a similar prohibition. As a result, we may be unable to obtain that cash to satisfy our obligations and make payments 
to our stockholders, if any. 

The rights of other members of PBF LLC may conflict the interests of our Class A common stockholders.

The interests of the other members of PBF LLC, which include former directors and officers, may not in 
all cases be aligned with our Class A common stockholders’ interests. For example, these members may have 
different tax positions which could influence their positions, including regarding whether and when we dispose of 
assets and whether and when we incur new or refinance existing indebtedness, especially in light of the existence 
of the tax receivable agreement described below. In addition, the structuring of future transactions may take into 
consideration these tax or other considerations even where no similar benefit would accrue to our Class A common 
stockholders or us. See “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions—IPO Related Agreements” in our 2017
Proxy Statement.

We will be required to pay the former and current holders of PBF LLC Series A Units and PBF LLC Series B 
Units for certain tax benefits we may claim arising in connection with our prior offerings and future exchanges 
of PBF LLC Series A Units for shares of our Class A Common Stock and related transactions, and the amounts 
we may pay could be significant. 

We are party to a tax receivable agreement that provides for the payment from time to time by PBF Energy 
to the former and current holders of PBF LLC Series A Units and PBF LLC Series B Units of 85% of the benefits, 
if any, that PBF Energy is deemed to realize as a result of (i) the increases in tax basis resulting from its acquisitions 
of PBF LLC Series A Units, including such acquisitions in connection with our prior offerings or in the future and 
(ii) certain  other  tax  benefits  related  to  our  entering  into  the  tax  receivable  agreement,  including  tax  benefits 
attributable to payments under the tax receivable agreement. See “Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related 
Transactions, and Director Independence.”

We expect that the payments that we may make under the tax receivable agreement will be substantial. As 
of December 31, 2016, we have recognized a liability for the tax receivable agreement of $611.4 million reflecting 
our estimate of the undiscounted amounts that we expect to pay under the agreement due to exchanges that occurred 
prior to that date, and to range over the next five years from approximately $39.6 million to $60.0 million per year 
and decline thereafter. Future payments by us in respect of subsequent exchanges of PBF LLC Series A Units 

44

would be in addition to these amounts and are expected to be material as well. If PBF Energy does not have taxable 
income, PBF Energy generally is not required (absent a change of control or circumstances requiring an early 
termination payment) to make payments under the tax receivable agreement for that taxable year because no benefit 
will have been actually realized. However, any tax benefits that do not result in realized benefits in a given tax 
year will likely generate tax attributes that may be utilized to generate benefits in previous or future tax years. The 
utilization of such tax attributes will result in payments under the tax receivable agreement. The foregoing numbers 
are merely estimates based on assumptions that are subject to change due to various factors, including, among 
other factors, the timing of exchanges of PBF LLC Series A Units for shares of PBF Energy’s Class A common 
stock as contemplated by the tax receivable agreement, the price of PBF Energy’s Class A common stock at the 
time of such exchanges, the extent to which such exchanges are taxable, and the amount and timing of PBF Energy’s 
income. For example, with respect to the amount and timing of PBF Energy’s income, if 50% or more of the capital 
and profits interests in PBF LLC are transferred in a taxable sale or exchange within a period of 12 consecutive 
months, PBF LLC will undergo, for federal income tax purposes, a “technical termination” that could affect the 
amount of PBF LLC’s taxable income in any year and the allocation of taxable income among the members of 
PBF LLC, including PBF Energy. The actual payments under the tax receivable agreement could differ materially. 
It is possible that future transactions or events could increase or decrease the actual tax benefits realized and the 
corresponding tax receivable agreement payments. There may be a material negative effect on our liquidity if, as 
a result of timing discrepancies or otherwise, (i) the payments under the tax receivable agreement exceed the actual 
benefits we realize in respect of the tax attributes subject to the tax receivable agreement, and/or (ii) distributions 
to PBF Energy by PBF LLC are not sufficient to permit PBF Energy, after it has paid its taxes and other obligations, 
to make payments under the tax receivable agreement. The payments under the tax receivable agreement are not 
conditioned upon any recipient’s continued ownership of us.

In certain cases, payments by us under the tax receivable agreement may be accelerated and/or significantly 
exceed the actual benefits we realize in respect of the tax attributes subject to the tax receivable agreement. 
These provisions may deter a change in control of our Company. 

The tax receivable agreement provides that upon certain changes of control, or if, at any time, PBF Energy 
elects an early termination of the tax receivable agreement, PBF Energy’s (or its successor’s) obligations with 
respect to exchanged or acquired PBF LLC Series A Units (whether exchanged or acquired before or after such 
transaction) would be based on certain assumptions, including (i) that PBF Energy would have sufficient taxable 
income to fully utilize the deductions arising from the increased tax deductions and tax basis and other benefits 
related to entering into the tax receivable agreement and (ii) that the subsidiaries of PBF LLC will sell certain 
nonamortizable assets (and realize certain related tax benefits) no later than a specified date. Moreover, in each of 
these instances, we would be required to make an immediate payment equal to the present value (at a discount rate 
equal to LIBOR plus 100 basis points) of the anticipated future tax benefits (based on the foregoing assumptions). 
Accordingly, payments under the tax receivable agreement may be made years in advance of the actual realization, 
if any, of the anticipated future tax benefits and may be significantly greater than the actual benefits we realize in 
respect of the tax attributes subject to the tax receivable agreement. Assuming that the market value of a share of 
our Class A common stock equals $27.88 per share (the closing price on December 31, 2016) and that LIBOR 
were to be 1.85%, we estimate that, as of December 31, 2016 the aggregate amount of these accelerated payments 
would have been approximately $551.6 million if triggered immediately on such date. In these situations, our 
obligations under the tax receivable agreement could have a substantial negative impact on our liquidity. We may 
not be able to finance our obligations under the tax receivable agreement and our existing indebtedness may limit 
our subsidiaries’ ability to make distributions to us to pay these obligations. These provisions may deter a potential 
sale of our Company to a third party and may otherwise make it less likely that a third party would enter into a 
change of control transaction with us. 

Moreover, payments under the tax receivable agreement will be based on the tax reporting positions that 
we  determine  in  accordance  with  the  tax  receivable  agreement. We  will  not  be  reimbursed  for  any  payments 
previously made under the tax receivable agreement if the Internal Revenue Service subsequently disallows part 
or all of the tax benefits that gave rise to such prior payments. As a result, in certain circumstances, payments could 
be made under the tax receivable agreement that are significantly in excess of the benefits that we actually realize 

45

in respect of (i) the increases in tax basis resulting from our purchases or exchanges of PBF LLC Series A Units 
and (ii) certain other tax benefits related to our entering into the tax receivable agreement, including tax benefits 
attributable to payments under the tax receivable agreement.  

We cannot assure you that we will continue to declare dividends or have the available cash to make dividend 
payments.

Although we currently intend to continue to pay quarterly cash dividends on our Class A common stock, 
the declaration, amount and payment of any dividends will be at the sole discretion of our board of directors. We 
are not obligated under any applicable laws, our governing documents or any contractual agreements with our 
existing  and  prior  owners  or  otherwise  to  declare  or  pay  any  dividends  or  other  distributions  (other  than  the 
obligations of PBF LLC to make tax distributions to its members). Our board of directors may take into account, 
among other things, general economic conditions, our financial condition and operating results, our available cash 
and current and anticipated cash needs, capital requirements, plans for expansion, including acquisitions, tax, legal, 
regulatory  and  contractual  restrictions  and  implications,  including  under  our  subsidiaries’  outstanding  debt 
documents, and such other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant in determining whether to declare 
or pay any dividend. Because PBF Energy is a holding company with no material assets (other than the equity 
interests of its direct subsidiary), its cash flow and ability to pay dividends is dependent upon the financial results 
and cash flows of its indirect subsidiaries PBF Holding and PBFX and their respective operating subsidiaries and 
the  distribution  or  other  payment  of  cash  to  it  in  the  form  of  dividends  or  otherwise. The  direct  and  indirect 
subsidiaries  of  PBF  Energy  are  separate  and  distinct  legal  entities  and  have  no  obligation  to  make  any  funds 
available to it other than in the case of certain intercompany transactions. As a result, if we do not declare or pay 
dividends you may not receive any return on an investment in our Class A common stock unless you sell our Class 
A common stock for a price greater than that which you paid for it.

Anti-takeover and certain other provisions in our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law 
may discourage or delay a change in control.

Our  certificate  of  incorporation  and  bylaws  contain  provisions  which  could  make  it  more  difficult  for 

stockholders to effect certain corporate actions. Among other things, these provisions:

•  authorize the issuance of undesignated preferred stock, the terms of which may be established and the 

shares of which may be issued without stockholder approval;

•  prohibit stockholder action by written consent;
• 

restrict  certain  business  combinations  with  stockholders  who  obtain  beneficial  ownership  of  a  certain 
percentage of our outstanding common stock;

•  provide that special meetings of stockholders may be called only by the chairman of the board of directors, 
the  chief  executive  officer  or  the  board  of  directors,  and  establish  advance  notice  procedures  for  the 
nomination of candidates for election as directors or for proposing matters that can be acted upon at 
stockholder meetings; and 

•  provide that our stockholders may only amend our bylaws with the approval of 75% or more of all of the 

outstanding shares of our capital stock entitled to vote.

These anti-takeover provisions and other provisions of Delaware law may have the effect of delaying or 
deterring a change of control of our company. Certain provisions could also discourage proxy contests and make 
it more difficult for you and other stockholders to elect directors of your choosing and to cause us to take other 
corporate actions you desire. These provisions could limit the price that certain investors might be willing to pay 
in the future for shares of our Class A common stock.

The market price of our Class A common stock may be volatile, which could cause the value of your investment 
to decline.

The  market  price  of  our  Class A  common  stock  may  be  highly  volatile  and  could  be  subject  to  wide 

fluctuations due to a number of factors including: 

46

•  variations in actual or anticipated operating results or dividends, if any, to stockholders;
•  changes in, or failure to meet, earnings estimates of securities analysts;
•  market conditions in the oil refining industry and volatility in commodity prices;
• 

the impact of disruptions to crude or feedstock supply to any of our refineries, including disruptions due 
to problems with third party logistics infrastructure; 
litigation and government investigations;
the timing and announcement of any potential acquisitions and subsequent impact of any future acquisitions 
on our capital structure, financial condition or results of operations; 

• 
• 

•  changes or proposed changes in laws or regulations or differing interpretations or enforcement thereof;
•  general economic and stock market conditions; and
• 

the availability for sale, or sales by us or our senior management, of a significant number of shares of our 
Class A common stock in the public market.

In addition, the stock markets generally may experience significant volatility, often unrelated to the operating 
performance of the individual companies whose securities are publicly traded. These and other factors may cause 
the market price of our Class A common stock to decrease significantly, which in turn would adversely affect the 
value of your investment. 

In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, stockholders have 
often instituted class action securities litigation against those companies. Such litigation, if instituted, could result 
in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources, which could significantly harm our 
profitability and reputation.

If securities or industry analysts do not publish research or reports about our business, or if they downgrade 
their recommendations regarding our Class A common stock, our stock price and trading volume could decline.

The trading market for our Class A common stock is influenced by the research and reports that industry or 
securities analysts publish about us or our business. If any of the analysts who cover us downgrade our Class A 
common stock or publish inaccurate or unfavorable research about our business, our Class A common stock price 
may decline. If analysts cease coverage of us or fail to regularly publish reports on us, we could lose visibility in 
the financial markets, which in turn could cause our Class A common stock price or trading volume to decline and 
our Class A common stock to be less liquid.

Future sales of our shares of Class A common stock could cause our stock price to decline. 

The market price of our Class A common stock could decline as a result of sales of a large number of shares 
of Class A common stock in the market or the perception that such sales could occur. These sales, or the possibility 
that these sales may occur, including sales related to financing acquisitions, also might make it more difficult for 
us to sell shares of Class A common stock in the future at a time and at a price that we deem appropriate. In addition, 
any shares of Class A common stock that we issue, including under any equity incentive plans, would dilute the 
percentage ownership of the holders of our Class A common stock. 

We are party to a registration rights agreement with the other members of PBF LLC pursuant to which we 
continue to be required to register under the Securities Act and applicable state securities laws to register the resale 
of the shares of Class A common stock issuable to them upon exchange of all of the PBF LLC Series A Units held 
by them. We currently have an effective shelf registration statement covering the resale of up to 6,310,055 shares 
of our Class A common stock issued or issuable to existing holders of PBF LLC Series A Units, which shares may 
be sold from time to time in the public markets, subject to certain lock-up agreements. Our shares also may be 
sold under Rule 144 under the Securities Act depending on the holding period and subject to restrictions in the 
case of shares held by persons deemed to be our affiliates. 

47

Risks Related to Our Ownership of PBFX

We depend upon PBFX for a substantial portion of our refineries’ logistics needs and have obligations for 
minimum volume commitments in our commercial agreements with PBFX. 

We depend on PBFX to receive, handle, store and transfer crude oil and petroleum products for us from 
our operations and sources located throughout the United States and Canada in support of certain of our refineries 
under long-term, fee-based commercial agreements with our subsidiaries. These commercial agreements have an 
initial term of approximately seven to ten years and generally include minimum quarterly commitments and inflation 
escalators. If we fail to meet the minimum commitments during any calendar quarter, we will be required to make 
a shortfall payment quarterly to PBFX equal to the volume of the shortfall multiplied by the applicable fee. 

PBFX’s operations are subject to all of the risks and operational hazards inherent in receiving, handling, 
storing and transferring crude oil and petroleum products, including: damages to its facilities, related equipment 
and surrounding properties caused by floods, fires, severe weather, explosions and other natural disasters and acts 
of terrorism; mechanical or structural failures at PBFX’s facilities or at third-party facilities on which its operations 
are dependent; curtailments of operations relative to severe seasonal weather; inadvertent damage to our facilities 
from construction, farm and utility equipment; and other hazards. Any of these events or factors could result in 
severe damage or destruction to PBFX’s assets or the temporary or permanent shut-down of PBFX’s facilities. If 
PBFX is unable to serve our logistics needs, our ability to operate our refineries and receive crude oil and distribute 
products could be adversely impacted, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results 
of operations. 

In  addition,  as  of  December 31,  2016,  PBF  LLC  owns  2,572,944  common  units  and  15,886,553
subordinated units representing an aggregate 44.2% limited partner interest in PBFX, as well as all of the incentive 
distribution  rights  and  a  non-economic  general  partner  interest  in  PBFX.  The  inability  of  PBFX  to  continue 
operations, perform under its commercial arrangements with our subsidiaries or the occurrence of any of these 
risks or operational hazards, could also adversely impact the value of our investment in PBFX and, because PBFX 
is a consolidated entity, our business, financial condition and results of operations. 

PBFX may not have sufficient available cash to pay any quarterly distribution on its units. Furthermore, PBFX 
is not required to make distributions to holders of units on a quarterly basis or otherwise, and may elect to 
distribute less than all of its available cash. 

PBFX may not have sufficient available cash from operating surplus each quarter to enable it to pay the 
minimum quarterly distribution. The amount of cash it can distribute on its units principally depends upon the 
amount of cash generated from its operations, which will fluctuate from quarter to quarter based on, among other 
things: the volume of crude oil and refined products it throughputs; PBFX’s entitlement to payments associated 
with minimum volume commitments; the fees it charges for the volumes throughput; the level of its operating, 
maintenance and general and administrative costs; and prevailing economic conditions. In addition, the actual 
amount of cash PBFX will have available for distribution will depend on other factors, some of which are beyond 
its control, including: the level and timing of capital expenditures it makes; the amount of its operating expenses 
and general and administrative expenses, and payment of the administrative fees for services provided to it by PBF 
GP and its affiliate; the cost of acquisitions, if any; debt service requirements and other liabilities; fluctuations in 
working capital needs; PBFX’s ability to borrow funds and access capital markets; restrictions contained in the 
PBFX  Revolving  Credit  Facility,  the  PBFX  Senior  Notes  and  the  PBFX  Term  Loan  and  other  debt  service 
requirements; the amount of cash reserves established by PBF GP; and other business risks affecting cash levels. 

In  addition,  if  PBFX  issues  additional  units  in  connection  with  any  acquisitions  or  expansion  capital 
expenditures, the payment of distributions on those additional units may increase the risk that PBFX will be unable 
to maintain or increase its per unit distribution level. There are no limitations in the partnership agreement of PBFX 
on its ability to issue additional units, including units ranking senior to the outstanding units. The incurrence of 
additional borrowings or other debt to finance PBFX’s growth strategy would result in increased interest expense, 
which, in turn, may impact the cash that it has available to distribute to its unit holders (including us). Furthermore, 

48

the partnership agreement does not require PBFX to pay distributions on a quarterly basis or otherwise. The board 
of directors of PBF GP may at any time, for any reason, change its cash distribution policy or decide not to make 
any distributions (including to us). 

Increases in interest rates could adversely impact the price of PBFX's units, PBFX’s ability to issue equity or 
incur debt for acquisitions or other purposes and its ability to make cash distributions at its intended levels. 

Interest rates on future credit facilities and debt offerings could be higher than current levels, causing 
PBFX’s  financing  costs  to  increase  accordingly. As  with  other  yield-oriented  securities,  PBFX’s  unit  price  is 
impacted by the level of its cash distributions and implied distribution yield. The distribution yield is often used 
by investors to compare and rank yield-oriented securities for investment decision-making purposes. Therefore, 
changes in interest rates, either positive or negative, may affect the yield requirements of investors who invest in 
PBFX, and a rising interest rate environment could have an adverse impact on the price of the units, PBFX’s ability 
to issue equity or incur debt for acquisitions or other purposes and its ability to make cash distributions at intended 
levels, which could adversely impact the value of our investment in PBFX. 

PBF Energy will be required to pay taxes on its share of taxable income from PBF LLC and its other subsidiary 
flow-through entities (including PBFX), regardless of the amount of cash distributions PBF Energy receives 
from PBF LLC. 

The holders of limited liability company interests in PBF LLC, including PBF Energy, generally have to 
include for purposes of calculating their U.S. federal, state and local income taxes their share of any taxable income 
of PBF LLC, regardless of whether such holders receive cash distributions from PBF LLC. PBF Energy ultimately 
may not receive cash distributions from PBF LLC equal to its share of the taxable income of PBF LLC or even 
equal to the actual tax due with respect to that income. For example, PBF LLC is required to include in taxable 
income PBF LLC's allocable share of PBFX's taxable income and gains (such share to be determined pursuant to 
the partnership agreement of PBFX), regardless of the amount of cash distributions received by PBF LLC from 
PBFX, and such taxable income and gains will flow-through to PBF Energy to the extent of its allocable share of 
the taxable income of PBF LLC. As a result, at certain times, including during the subordination period for the 
subordinated units, the amount of cash otherwise ultimately available to PBF Energy on account of its indirect 
interest in PBFX may not be sufficient for PBF Energy to pay the amount of taxes it will owe on account of its 
indirect interests in PBFX.  

If PBFX was to be treated as a corporation, rather than as a partnership, for U.S. federal income tax purposes 
or if PBFX was otherwise subject to entity-level taxation, PBFX’s cash available for distribution to its unit 
holders, including to us, would be reduced, likely causing a substantial reduction in the value of units, including 
the units held by us. 

The  present  U.S.  federal  income  tax  treatment  of  publicly  traded  partnerships,  including  PBFX,  or  an 
investment in its common units may be modified by administrative, legislative or judicial interpretation at any 
time. For example, from time to time the U.S. Congress considers substantive changes to the existing federal 
income tax laws that would affect publicly traded partnerships. Any modification to the U.S. federal income tax 
laws  and  interpretations  thereof  may  or  may  not  be  applied  retroactively  and  could  make  it  more  difficult  or 
impossible for PBFX to meet the exception to be treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes. We 
are unable to predict whether any of these changes, or other proposals, will ultimately be enacted. Any such changes 
could negatively impact the value of an investment in PBFX common units.

If PBFX were treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, it would pay U.S. federal income 
tax on income at the corporate tax rate, which is currently a maximum of 35%, and would likely be liable for state 
income  tax  at  varying  rates.  Distributions  to  PBFX  unitholders  would  generally  be  taxed  again  as  corporate 
distributions, and no income, gains, losses, deductions or credits would flow through to PBFX unitholders. Because 
taxes would be imposed upon PBFX as a corporation, the cash available for distribution to PBFX unitholders 
would be substantially reduced. Therefore, PBFX's treatment as a corporation would result in a material reduction 

49

in the anticipated cash flow and after-tax return to PBFX unitholders, likely causing a substantial reduction in the 
value of the units. 

All of the executive officers and a majority of the directors of PBF GP are also current or former officers of 
PBF Energy. Conflicts of interest could arise as a result of this arrangement. 

PBF Energy indirectly owns and controls PBF GP, and appoints all of its officers and directors. All of the 
executive officers and a majority of the directors of PBF GP are also current or former officers or directors of PBF 
Energy. These individuals will devote significant time to the business of PBFX. Although the directors and officers 
of PBF GP have a fiduciary duty to manage PBF GP in a manner that is beneficial to PBF Energy, as directors and 
officers of PBF GP they also have certain duties to PBFX and its unit holders. Conflicts of interest may arise 
between PBF Energy and its affiliates, including PBF GP, on the one hand, and PBFX and its unit holders, on the 
other hand. In resolving these conflicts of interest, PBF GP may favor its own interests and the interests of PBFX 
over the interests of PBF Energy. In certain circumstances, PBF GP may refer any conflicts of interest or potential 
conflicts of interest between PBFX, on the one hand, and PBF Energy, on the other hand, to its conflicts committee 
(which must consist entirely of independent directors) for resolution, which conflicts committee must act in the 
best interests of the public unit holders of PBFX. As a result, PBF GP may manage the business of PBFX in a way 
that may differ from the best interests of PBF Energy or its stockholders. 

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None. 

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

See “Item 1. Business”.

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

On July 24, 2013, the Delaware Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Control ("DNREC") 
issued a Notice of Administrative Penalty Assessment and Secretary’s Order to Delaware City Refining for alleged 
air emission violations that occurred during the re-start of the refinery in 2011 and subsequent to the re-start. The 
penalty assessment seeks $460,200 in penalties and $69,030 in cost recovery for DNREC’s expenses associated 
with investigation of the incidents. We dispute the amount of the penalty assessment and allegations made in the 
order, and are in discussions with DNREC to resolve the assessment. It is possible that DNREC will assess a 
penalty in this matter but any such amount is not expected to be material to the Company.

As of November 1, 2015, the Company acquired Chalmette Refining, which was in discussions with the 
Louisiana  Department  of  Environmental  Quality  ("LDEQ")  to  resolve  self-reported  deviations  from  refinery 
operations  relating  to  certain  Clean Air Act  Title  V  permit  conditions,  limits  and  other  requirements.  LDEQ 
commenced an enforcement action against Chalmette Refining on November 14, 2014 by issuing a Consolidated 
Compliance Order and Notice of Potential Penalty (the "Order") covering deviations from 2009 and 2010. Chalmette 
Refining and LDEQ subsequently entered into a dispute resolution agreement, the enforcement of which has been 
suspended while negotiations are ongoing, which may include the resolution of deviations outside the periods 
covered by the Order. In February 2017, Chalmette Refining and the LDEQ met to resolve the issues under the 
Order, including the assessment of an administrative penalty against Chalmette Refining. Although a resolution 
has  not  been  finalized,  the  administrative  penalty  is  anticipated  to  be  approximately  $0.7  million,  including 
beneficial environmental projects. To the extent the administrative penalty exceeds such amount, it is not expected 
to be material to the Company.

On January 24, 2017, in connection with a Clean Air Act inspection in May 2014 by the EPA to determine 
compliance with 40 CFR Subpart 68 Chemical Accident Prevention Provisions, the EPA notified the Chalmette 
refinery of its intent to bring an enforcement action on two (2) findings from the audit. No settlement or penalty 
demand has been received to date. It is possible that EPA will assess penalties in these matters in excess of $0.1 
million but any such amount is not expected to be material to the Company, individually or in the aggregate.

50

On December 23, 2016, the Delaware City Refinery received a Notice of Violation (“NOV”) from DNREC 
concerning a potential violation of the DNREC order authorizing the shipment of crude oil by barge from the 
refinery. The NOV alleges that DCR made shipments to locations other than the Paulsboro refinery in violation of 
the  order  and  requests  certain  additional  information. The  Delaware  City  Refinery  responded  to  the  NOV  on 
February 7, 2017, maintaining that no violations have occurred. Although no penalties have been assessed at this 
time, DNREC has reserved the right to assess penalties. On December 28, 2016, DNREC issued a Coastal Zone 
Act permit (the “Ethanol Permit”) to DCR allowing the utilization of existing tanks and existing marine loading 
equipment at their existing facilities to enable denatured ethanol to be loaded from storage tanks to marine vessels 
and shipped to offsite facilities. On January 13, 2017, the issuance of the Ethanol Permit was appealed by two 
environmental groups and the board has 60 days to hold a public hearing and render a final decision. The hearing 
is scheduled for February 27, 2017.

On February 3, 2011, EPA sent a request for information pursuant to Section 114 of the Clean Air Act to 
the Paulsboro refinery with respect to compliance with EPA standards governing flaring. The refinery and EPA 
have recently engaged in discussions regarding a potential settlement. It is possible that EPA will assess penalties 
in these matters in excess of $0.1 million but any such amount is not expected to be material to the Company, 
individually or in the aggregate.

On February 14, 2017, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (“NJDEP”) submitted a 
proposed Administrative Consent Order (“ACO”) which covers air emission violations from 2013 through 2016 
and work practice standards that were not subject to an affirmative defense at the Paulsboro refinery (“PRC”). In 
settlement of the violations, the NJDEP has proposed that PRC pay a civil administrative penalty of $0.3 million, 
which includes $0.1 million for a supplemental environmental project. If the offer is accepted, the remaining $0.2 
million shall be remitted by PRC within 30 days of receipt of the offer. This amount is not material to the Company, 
individually or in the aggregate.

In connection with the acquisition of the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets, the Company assumed 
certain pre-existing environmental liabilities totaling $142.5 million as of December 31, 2016, related to certain 
environmental remediation obligations to address existing soil and groundwater contamination and monitoring 
activities, which reflects the estimated cost of the remediation obligations. In addition, in connection with the 
acquisition of the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets, the Company purchased a ten year, $100.0 million 
environmental insurance policy to insure against unknown environmental liabilities. Furthermore, in connection 
with the acquisition, the Company assumed responsibility for certain specified environmental matters that occurred 
prior to the Company’s ownership of the refinery. Specifically, the Company assumed responsibility for (i) a Notice 
of Violation issued on March 12, 2015 by the Southern California Air Quality Management District ("SCAQMD") 
relating to self-reported Title V deviations for the Torrance refinery for compliance year 2012, (ii) a Notice of 
Violation ("NOV") issued on March 10, 2016 for self-reported Title V deviations for the Torrance refinery for 
compliance year 2013, (iii) a NOV issued on March 10, 2016 for self-reported Title V deviations for the Torrance 
refinery for compliance year 2014 and (iv) a NOV issued on March 10, 2016 for self-reported Title V deviations 
for the Torrance refinery for compliance year 2015. On September 6, 2016, a NOV was issued to the Torrance 
refinery by the SCAQMD for the July 11, 2016 FCCU shutdown and startup. The NOV alleges that the facility 
operated equipment while it bypassed associated air pollution control equipment in violation of our facility permit 
to operate. Opacity from FCCU 2F-7 exceeded 40 percent on July 11, 2016 and July 14, 2016, aggregate over 3 
minutes in one continuous hour. In addition, on October 13, 2016, a NOV was issued by the SCAQMD for an 
alleged nuisance created from flaring associated with the October 11, 2016 Southern California Edison power 
disruption. On January 4, 2017, a NOV was also issued for an alleged discharge of air contaminants from Tank 
1340x113 that caused a nuisance to a considerable number of persons or to the public. On January 13, 2017, a 
NOV was issued by the City of Torrance for allegedly failing to report a release or threatened release of hazardous 
material. On January 7, 2017, the Torrance refinery allegedly experienced a third release (January 3, January 4 and 
January 7) in a week of untreated Naphtha gas due to the generation of higher capacity from the Coker Unit. No 
settlement or penalty demand have been received to date with respect to these Notices. It is possible that SCAQMD 
and/or the City of Torrance will assess penalties in these matters in excess of $0.1 million but any such amount is 
not expected to be material to the Company, individually or in the aggregate.

51

On September 2, 2011, prior to the Company’s ownership of the Chalmette refinery, the plaintiff in Vincent 
Caruso, et al. v. Chalmette Refining, L.L.C., filed an action on behalf of himself and other Louisiana residents who 
live or own property in St. Bernard Parish and Orleans Parish and whose property was allegedly contaminated and 
who allegedly suffered any personal or property damages as a result of an emission of spent catalyst, sulfur dioxide 
and hydrogen sulfide from the Chalmette refinery on September 6, 2010. Plaintiffs claim to have suffered injuries, 
symptoms, and property damage as a result of the release. Plaintiffs seek to recover unspecified damages, interest 
and costs. In August 2015, there was a mini-trial for four plaintiffs for property damage relating to home and vehicle 
cleaning. On April 12, 2016, the trial court rendered judgment limiting damages ranging from $100 to $500 for 
home cleaning and $25 to $75 for vehicle cleaning to the four plaintiffs. The trial court found Chalmette Refining 
and co-defendant Eaton Corporation (“Eaton”), to be solitarily liable for the damages. Chalmette Refining and 
Eaton filed an appeal in August 2016 of the judgment on the mini-trial, which appeal is pending. There is no stay 
pending appeal. The potential class members have not been identified as the parties are negotiating a claims process 
for claims such as home cleaning, vehicle cleaning, and alleged personal injury. The claims process would also 
include a class notice to identify potential class members. Depending upon the ultimate class size and the nature 
of the claims, the outcome may have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition, or cash flows. 

The Company is subject to obligations to purchase RINs required to comply with the RFS. In late 2015, the 
EPA initiated enforcement proceedings against companies it believes produced invalid RINs. On October 13, 2016, 
PBF Holding and its subsidiaries Toledo Refining Company LLC and Delaware City Refining Company LLC 
were notified by the EPA that its records indicated that these entities used potentially invalid RINs. The EPA directed 
each of the subsidiaries to resubmit reports to remove the potentially invalid RINs and to replace the invalid RINs 
with valid RINs with the same D Code. The invalid RINs have been retired and we do not expect any settlement 
with the EPA to resolve this matter to be material.

On  February  14,  2017,  the  plaintiff  in  Adam  Trotter  v.  ExxonMobil  Corp.,  ExxonMobil  Oil  Corp., 
ExxonMobil Refining and Supply Company, et. al., filed a civil action against the Company in the Superior Court 
of the State of California, County of Los Angeles, Southwest District, claiming public nuisance, battery, a violation 
of civil rights under 42 U.S.C. §1983, intentional infliction of emotional distress, negligence and strict liability in 
tort and injuries and symptoms resulting from the February 18, 2015 electrostatic precipitator ("ESP") explosion 
at the Torrance Refinery which was then owned and operated by Exxon. The City of Torrance and the SCAQMD 
are also named as defendants in the lawsuit. The Company was served with the lawsuit on February 22, 2017 and 
has not had an opportunity to evaluate the merits of plaintiff’s claims. To the extent that plaintiff’s claims relate 
to the ESP explosion, Exxon has retained responsibility for any liabilities that would arise from the lawsuit.

ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE

None.

52

PART II

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER 
MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Market Information

PBF Energy Class A common stock trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “PBF.” Our 

Class B common stock is not publicly traded.

As of February 22, 2017 there were 11 holders of record of our Class A common stock and 28 holders of 

record of our Class B common stock.

The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, the high and low sales prices of our Class A common 
stock as reported by the New York Stock Exchange for the prior two fiscal years and dividends declared on such 
stock for the same periods. 

2016
First Quarter ended March 31, 2016
Second Quarter ended June 30, 2016
Third Quarter ended September 30, 2016
Fourth Quarter ended December 31, 2016
2015
First Quarter ended March 31, 2015
Second Quarter ended June 30, 2015
Third Quarter ended September 30, 2015
Fourth Quarter ended December 31, 2015

Dividend and Distribution Policy

Sales Prices of  the
Common Stock

High

Low

Dividends
Per
Common Share

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

38.27
35.67
24.47
30.98

34.56
34.62
36.93
41.75

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

25.60
21.87
20.57
19.47

22.89
25.58
25.80
29.70

$
$
$
$

$
$
$
$

0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30

0.30
0.30
0.30
0.30

Subject to the following paragraphs, PBF Energy currently intends to continue to pay quarterly cash dividends 
of approximately $0.30 per share on its Class A common stock. The declaration, amount and payment of this and 
any other future dividends on shares of Class A common stock will be at the sole discretion of PBF Energy's board 
of directors.

PBF Energy is a holding company and has no material assets other than its ownership interests of PBF LLC. 
In order for PBF Energy to pay any dividends, it needs to cause PBF LLC to make distributions to it and the holders 
of PBF LLC Series A Units, and PBF LLC needs to cause PBF Holding and/or PBFX to make distributions to it, 
in at least an amount sufficient to cover cash dividends, if any, declared by PBF Energy. Each of PBF Holding and 
PBFX is generally prohibited under Delaware law from making a distribution to a member to the extent that, at 
the time of the distribution, after giving effect to the distribution, liabilities of the limited liability company (with 
certain exceptions) exceed the fair value of its assets. As a result, PBF LLC may be unable to obtain cash from 
PBF Holding and/or PBFX to satisfy its obligations and make distributions to PBF Energy for dividends, if any, 
to PBF Energy's stockholders. If PBF LLC makes such distributions to PBF Energy, the holders of PBF LLC Series 
A Units will also be entitled to receive pro rata distributions. 

The ability of PBF Holding to pay dividends and make distributions to PBF LLC is, and in the future may 
be, limited by covenants in its Revolving Loan, the Senior Secured Notes and other debt instruments. Subject to 
certain  exceptions,  the  Revolving  Loan  and  the  indentures  governing  the  Senior  Secured  Notes  prohibit  PBF 

53

 
 
Holding from making distributions to PBF LLC if certain defaults exist. In addition, both the indentures and the 
Revolving Loan contain additional restrictions limiting PBF Holding’s ability to make distributions to PBF LLC. 

PBFX intends to make a minimum quarterly distribution to the holders of its common units and subordinated 
units, including PBF LLC, of at least $0.30 per unit, or $1.20 per unit on an annualized basis, to the extent PBFX 
has sufficient cash from operations after the establishment of cash reserves and the payment of costs and expenses, 
including reimbursements of expenses to PBFX's general partner. However, there is no guarantee that PBFX will 
pay the minimum quarterly distribution or any amount on the units we own in any quarter. Even if PBFX's cash 
distribution policy is not modified or revoked, the amount of distributions paid under the policy and the decision 
to  make  any  distribution  is  determined  by  its  general  partner,  taking  into  consideration  the  terms  of  PBFX's 
partnership agreement.

PBF Holding made $127.6 million in distributions to PBF LLC during the year ended December 31, 2016. 
PBF LLC used $123.4 million of this amount in total to make four separate non-tax distributions of $0.30 per unit 
($1.20 per unit in total) to its members, of which $117.5 million was distributed to PBF Energy and the balance 
was distributed to PBF LLC’s other members. PBF Energy used this $117.5 million to pay four separate equivalent 
cash dividends of $0.30 per share of Class A common stock on November 22, 2016, August 23, 2016, May 31, 
2016, and March 8, 2016. PBF LLC used the remaining $16.0 million to make tax distributions to its members in 
2016. In addition, PBFX made aggregate quarterly distributions of $68.5 million ($1.70 per unit) during the year 
ended December 31, 2016 to holders of its common and subordinated units, of which $34.7 million was paid to 
PBF LLC including payments related to IDRs.

PBF LLC owns all of the IDRs of PBFX. The IDRs entitle PBF LLC to receive increasing percentages, up 
to a maximum of 50.0%, of the cash PBFX distributes from operating surplus in excess of $0.345 per unit per 
quarter. The maximum distribution of 50.0% includes distributions paid to PBF LLC on its partnership interest. 
The maximum distribution of 50.0% does not include any distributions that PBF LLC may receive on common 
units or subordinated units that it owns. PBFX made IDR payments of $3.3 million to PBF LLC based on its 
distributions for the year ended December 31, 2016.

PBF LLC expects to continue to make tax distributions to its members in accordance with its amended and 

restated limited liability company agreement.  

54

Stock Performance Graph 

In accordance with SEC rules, the information contained in the Stock Performance Graph below shall not 
be deemed to be “soliciting material,” or to be “filed” with the SEC, or subject to the SEC’s Regulation 14A or 
14C, other than as provided under Item 201(e) of Regulation S-K, or to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Securities 
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, except to the extent that we specifically request that the information be treated 
as soliciting material or specifically incorporate it by reference into a document filed under the Securities Act of 
1933, as amended.

This performance graph and the related textual information are based on historical data and are not indicative 
of future performance. The following line graph compares the cumulative total return on an investment in our 
common stock against the cumulative total return of the S&P 500 Composite Index and an index of peer companies 
(that we selected) for the periods commencing December 13, 2012 through December 31, 2016. Our peer group 
consists of the following companies that are engaged in refining operations in the U.S.: Alon USA Energy, Inc.; 
CVR Energy Inc.; Delek US Holdings, Inc.; HollyFrontier Corporation; Marathon Petroleum Corporation; Phillips 
66; Tesoro Corporation; Valero Energy Corporation; and Western Refining, Inc.

PBF Energy Inc. Class A Common Stock

$

100.00

$

110.67

$

124.73

$

110.48

$

158.67

$

126.06

12/13/2012

12/31/2012

12/31/2013

12/31/2014

12/31/2015

12/31/2016

S&P 500

Peer Group

100.00

100.00

100.91

103.11

133.59

149.73

151.88

146.74

153.98

182.21

172.40

183.80

55

 
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities—Exchange of PBF LLC Series A Units for Class A Common 
Stock

In the fourth quarter of 2016, a total of 1,051,264 PBF LLC Series A Units were exchanged for 1,051,264 
shares of our Class A common stock in transactions exempt from registration under Section 4(2) of the Securities 
Act. We received no other consideration in connection with these exchanges. No exchanges were made by any of 
our directors or executive officers. 

Share Repurchase Program

On August 19, 2014, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $200.0 million 
of the Company's Class A common stock (as amended from time to time, the "Repurchase Program"). On October 
29,  2014,  the  Company's  Board  of  Directors  approved  an  additional  $100.0  million  increase  to  the  existing 
Repurchase Program. On September 26, 2016, the Company's Board of Directors approved a two year extension 
to the Repurchase Program. As a result of the extension, the Repurchase Program will expire on September 30, 
2018.  These  repurchases  may  be  made  from  time  to  time  through  various  methods,  including  open  market 
transactions, block trades, accelerated share repurchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, certain of 
which may be effected through Rule 10b5-1 and Rule 10b-18 plans. The timing and number of shares repurchased 
will depend on a variety of factors, including price, capital availability, legal requirements and economic and market 
conditions. The Company is not obligated to purchase any shares under the Repurchase Program, and repurchases 
may be suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice.

There were no repurchases of the Company's Class A Common Stock during the fourth quarter of 2016. For 
the  period  of  time  from  the  inception  of  the  Repurchase  Program  through  December 31,  2016,  the  Company 
purchased  6,050,717  shares  for  $150.8  million. As  of  December 31,  2016,  the  Company  had  $149.2  million 
remaining authorization under the Repurchase Program.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The  following  table  provides  information  about  the  securities  authorized  for  issuance  under  our  equity 
compensation plans as of December 31, 2016. The information regarding equity compensation plans approved by 
security holders represents our 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (as amended). 

Equity Compensation Plan Information

(A)

Number of
securities to be
issued upon
exercise of
outstanding
options, warrants
and rights

(B)

(C)

Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding
options, warrants,
and rights

Number of securities
remaining available for
future issuance under
equity compensation
plans (excluding
securities reflected in
column (A))(1)

5,970,625

$

—
5,970,625

$

27.37

—
27.37

1,280,680

—
1,280,680

Plan Category
Equity compensation plans approved by
security holders
Equity compensation plans not approved by
security holders
Total

(1) Securities available for future issuance under the plan can be issued in various forms, including, without 
limitation, restricted stock and stock options.

56

 
 
 
ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

The following table presents selected historical consolidated financial and other data of PBF Energy. The 
data presented is PBF Energy's data, unless otherwise noted. The selected historical consolidated financial data as 
of December 31, 2016 and 2015 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016, have been 
derived from our audited financial statements, included in "Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." 
The selected historical consolidated financial data as of December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 and for the years ended 
December 31, 2013 and 2012 have been derived from the audited financial statements of PBF Energy and PBF 
LLC not included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. As a result of the Chalmette and Torrance acquisitions, 
the historical consolidated financial results of PBF Energy only includes the results of operations for the Chalmette 
and Torrance refineries from November 1, 2015 and July 1, 2016 forward, respectively.

The  historical  consolidated  financial  data  and  other  statistical  data  presented  below  should  be  read  in 
conjunction  with  “Item 7.  Management’s  Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of 
Operations” and our consolidated financial statements and the related notes thereto, included in “Item 8. Financial 
Statements and Supplementary Data.”

The historical financial information for all periods prior to PBF Energy's IPO on December 12, 2012 included 
in this report were derived from the consolidated financial statements of PBF LLC and does not reflect what our 
financial position, results of operations, and cash flows would have been had we been a public company during 
those periods. We were not operated as a public company for historical periods presented prior to our IPO. The 
consolidated financial information may not be indicative of our future financial condition, results of operations or 
cash flows.

57

Statement of operations data:

Revenues

Costs and expenses:

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

2013

2012

(in thousands, except share and per share data)

$ 15,920,424

$ 13,123,929

$ 19,828,155

$ 19,151,455

$ 20,138,687

Cost of sales, excluding depreciation

13,598,341

11,481,614

18,471,203

17,803,314

18,269,078

Operating expenses, excluding depreciation
General and administrative expenses (1)

Loss (gain) on sale of asset

Depreciation and amortization expense

Income (loss) from operations

Other income (expense):

Change in tax receivable agreement
liability

Change in fair value of continent
consideration

Change in fair value of catalyst lease
obligation

Interest expense, net

Income (loss) before income taxes

Income tax expense (benefit)

Net income (loss)

Less: net income attributable to
noncontrolling interests

Net income (loss) attributable to PBF Energy
Inc. stockholders

Weighted-average shares of Class A common
stock outstanding:

1,423,198

166,452

11,374

222,176

498,883

904,525

181,266

(1,004)

197,417

360,111

883,140

146,661

(895)

180,382

147,664

812,652

95,794

(183)

111,479

328,399

738,824

120,443

(2,329)

92,238

920,433

12,908

18,150

2,990

(8,540)

—

—

—

—

—

(2,768)

1,422

10,184

(150,045)

(106,187)

363,168

137,650

225,518

282,258

86,725

195,533

3,969

(98,764)

55,859

(22,412)

78,271

4,691

(3,724)

(93,784)

(108,629)

230,766

16,681

214,085

805,312

1,275

804,037

54,707

49,132

116,508

174,545

802,081

$

170,811

$

146,401

$

(38,237) $

39,540

$

1,956

Basic

Diluted

98,334,302

88,106,999

74,464,494

32,488,369

23,570,240

103,606,709

94,138,850

74,464,494

33,061,081

97,230,904

Net income (loss) available to Class A common
stock per share:

Basic

Diluted

Dividends per common share

Balance sheet data (at end of period) :

Total assets
Total debt (2)

Total equity

Other financial data :

Capital expenditures (3)

——————————

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1.74

1.74

1.20

7,621,927

2,180,700

2,570,684

1.66

1.65

1.20

6,105,124

1,881,637

2,095,857

$

$

$

$

(0.51) $

(0.51) $

$

$

1.20

5,164,008

1,260,349

1,693,316

1.22

1.20

1.20

4,413,808

747,576

$

$

$

$

0.08

0.08

—

4,253,702

729,980

1,715,256

1,723,545

$

1,612,871

$

981,080

$

631,332

$

415,702

$

222,688

(1)  Includes acquisition related expenses consisting primarily of consulting and legal expenses related to the 
Torrance Acquisition and PBFX Plains Asset Purchase and other pending and non-consummated acquisitions 
of $17.5 million in 2016, as well as the Chalmette Acquisition and other pending and non-consummated 
acquisitions of $5.8 million in 2015. 

(2)  Total  debt,  excluding  debt  issuance  costs,  includes  current  maturities  and  our  Delaware  Economic 

Development Authority Loan (which was fully converted to a grant as of December 31, 2016). 

(3)  Includes  expenditures  for  construction  in  progress,  property,  plant  and  equipment  (including  railcar 

purchases), deferred turnaround costs and other assets, excluding the proceeds from sales of assets.

58

 
 
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND 
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

The following review of our results of operations and financial condition should be read in conjunction with 
Items  1,  1A,  and  2,  “Business,  Risk  Factors,  and  Properties,”  Item 6,  “Selected  Financial  Data,”  and  Item 8, 
“Financial Statements and Supplementary Data,” respectively, included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT FOR THE PURPOSE OF SAFE HARBOR PROVISIONS OF THE 
PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains certain “forward-looking statements,” as defined in the Private 
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 ("PSLRA"), of expected future developments that involve risks and 
uncertainties.  You  can  identify  forward-looking  statements  because  they  contain  words  such  as  “believes,” 
“expects,” “may,” “should,” “seeks,” “approximately,” “intends,” “plans,” “estimates,” or “anticipates” or similar 
expressions that relate to our strategy, plans or intentions. All statements we make relating to our estimated and 
projected earnings, margins, costs, expenditures, cash flows, growth rates and financial results or to our strategies, 
objectives, intentions, resources and expectations regarding future industry trends are forward-looking statements 
made under the safe harbor of the PSLRA except to the extent such statements relate to the operations of a partnership 
or limited liability company. In addition, we, through our senior management, from time to time make forward-
looking public statements concerning our expected future operations and performance and other developments. 
These forward-looking statements are subject to risks and uncertainties that may change at any time, and, therefore, 
our actual results may differ materially from those that we expected. We derive many of our forward-looking 
statements from our operating budgets and forecasts, which are based upon many detailed assumptions. While we 
believe that our assumptions are reasonable, we caution that it is very difficult to predict the impact of known 
factors, and, of course, it is impossible for us to anticipate all factors that could affect our actual results. 

Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations, which we refer 
to as “cautionary statements,” are disclosed under “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” and "Item 7. Management's Discussion 
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" and elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-
K. All forward-looking information in this Annual Report on Form 10-K and subsequent written and oral forward-
looking statements attributable to us, or persons acting on our behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety by 
the cautionary statements. Some of the factors that we believe could affect our results include:

• supply, demand, prices and other market conditions for our products, including volatility in commodity prices;

•  the effects of competition in our markets;

• changes in currency exchange rates, interest rates and capital costs;

•  adverse developments in our relationship with both our key employees and unionized employees;

• our ability to operate our businesses efficiently, manage capital expenditures and costs (including general 
and administrative expenses) and generate earnings and cash flow;

• our substantial indebtedness;

• our supply and inventory intermediation arrangements expose us to counterparty credit and performance risk; 

• termination of our A&R Intermediation Agreements with J. Aron, which could have a material adverse effect 
on our liquidity, as we would be required to finance our intermediate and refined products inventory covered 
by the agreements. Additionally, we are obligated to repurchase from J. Aron certain intermediates and finished 
products  located  at  the  Paulsboro  and  Delaware  City  refineries’  storage  tanks  upon  termination  of  these 
agreements;

• restrictive covenants in our indebtedness that may adversely affect our operational flexibility;

• payments to the current and former holders of PBF LLC Series A Units and PBF LLC Series B Units under 
our tax receivable agreement for certain tax benefits we may claim; 

59

• our  assumptions  regarding  payments  arising  under  PBF  Energy's  tax  receivable  agreement  and  other 
arrangements relating to our organizational structure are subject to change due to various factors, including, 
among other factors, the timing of exchanges of PBF LLC Series A Units for shares of our Class A common 
stock as contemplated by the tax receivable agreement, the price of our Class A common stock at the time of 
such exchanges, the extent to which such exchanges are taxable, and the amount and timing of our income; 

• our expectations and timing with respect to our acquisition activity and whether such acquisitions are accretive 
or dilutive to shareholders; 

• our expectations with respect to our capital improvement and turnaround projects;

• the status of an air permit to transfer crude through the Delaware City refinery's dock;

• the impact of disruptions to crude or feedstock supply to any of our refineries, including disruptions due
to problems at PBFX or with third party logistics infrastructure or operations, including pipeline, marine and 
rail transportation;

• the possibility that we might reduce or not make further dividend payments;

• the inability of our subsidiaries to freely pay dividends or make distributions to us;

• the impact of current and future laws, rulings and governmental regulations, including the implementation  
of rules and regulations regarding transportation of crude oil by rail; 

• the  effectiveness  of  our  crude  oil  sourcing  strategies,  including  our  crude  by  rail  strategy  and  related 
commitments;

• adverse impacts related to recent legislation by the federal government lifting the restrictions on exporting 
U.S. crude oil;

• adverse impacts from changes in our regulatory environment, such as the effects of compliance with the 
California Global Warming Solutions Act (also referred to as "AB32"), or from actions taken by environmental 
interest groups; 

• market risks related to the volatility in the price of RINs required to comply with the Renewable Fuel Standards 
and GHG emission credits required to comply with various GHG emission programs, such as AB32;

• our ability to successfully integrate of the completed acquisitions of Chalmette Refining and related logistic 
assets and the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets into our business and realize the benefits from 
such acquisitions; 

• liabilities arising from the Chalmette Acquisition and/or Torrance Acquisition that are unforeseen or exceed 
our expectations; 

• risk associated with the operation of PBFX as a separate, publicly-traded entity;

• potential tax consequences related to our investment in PBFX; and 

• any decisions we continue to make with respect to our energy-related logistical assets that may be transferred 
to PBFX.

We caution you that the foregoing list of important factors may not contain all of the material factors that 
are important to you. In addition, in light of these risks and uncertainties, the matters referred to in the forward-
looking statements contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K may not in fact occur. Accordingly, investors 
should not place undue reliance on those statements.

Our forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Except as 
required by applicable law, including the securities laws of the United States, we do not intend to update or revise 
any forward-looking statements. All subsequent written and oral forward-looking statements attributable to us or 
persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the foregoing.

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Explanatory Note 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K is filed by PBF Energy which is a holding company whose primary asset 
is an equity interest in PBF LLC. PBF Energy is the sole managing member of, and owner of an equity interest 
representing approximately 96.5% of the outstanding economic interests in, PBF LLC as of December 31, 2016. 
PBF Energy operates and controls all of the business and affairs and consolidates the financial results of PBF LLC 
and its subsidiaries. PBF LLC is a holding company for the companies that directly and indirectly own and operate 
the business. 

Unless  the  context  indicates  otherwise,  the  terms  “we,”  “us,”  and  “our”  refer  to  PBF  Energy  and  its 
consolidated subsidiaries, including PBF LLC, PBF Holding and its subsidiaries and PBFX and its subsidiaries. 

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Executive Summary

Our business operations are conducted by PBF LLC and its subsidiaries. We were formed in March 2008 
to pursue the acquisitions of crude oil refineries and downstream assets in North America. We currently own and 
operate five domestic oil refineries and related assets located in Toledo, Ohio, Delaware City, Delaware, Paulsboro, 
New Jersey, New Orleans, Louisiana and Torrance, California. Our refineries have a combined processing capacity, 
known as throughput, of approximately 900,000 bpd, and a weighted average Nelson Complexity Index of 12.2. 
We operate in two reportable business segments: Refining and Logistics. Our five oil refineries are all engaged in 
the refining of crude oil and other feedstocks into petroleum products, and are aggregated into the Refining segment. 
PBFX operates certain logistical assets such as crude oil and refined petroleum products terminals, pipelines, and 
storage facilities, which are aggregated into the Logistics segment.

Factors Affecting Comparability

Our results over the past three years have been affected by the following events, the understanding of which 

will aid in assessing the comparability of our period to period financial performance and financial condition.

Torrance Acquisition 

On July 1, 2016, we acquired from ExxonMobil and its subsidiary, Mobil Pacific Pipeline Company (together, 
the “Torrance Sellers”), the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets. The Torrance refinery, located on 750 
acres in Torrance, California, is a high-conversion 155,000 barrel per day, delayed-coking refinery with a Nelson 
Complexity  of  14.9.  The  facility  is  strategically  positioned  in  Southern  California  with  advantaged  logistics 
connectivity  that  offers  flexible  raw  material  sourcing  and  product  distribution  opportunities  primarily  in  the 
California, Las Vegas and Phoenix area markets. The Torrance Acquisition increased our total throughput capacity 
to approximately 900,000 bpd.

In addition to refining assets, the Torrance Acquisition included a number of high-quality logistics assets 
consisting of a sophisticated network of crude and products pipelines, product distribution terminals and refinery 
crude and product storage facilities. The most significant of the logistics assets is a 189-mile crude gathering and 
transportation system which delivers San Joaquin Valley crude oil directly from the field to the refinery. Additionally, 
included in the transaction were several pipelines which provide access to sources of crude oil including the Ports 
of Long Beach and Los Angeles, as well as clean product outlets with a direct pipeline supplying jet fuel to the 
Los Angeles airport. The Torrance refinery also has crude and product storage facilities with approximately 8.6 
million barrels of shell capacity.

The purchase price for the assets was approximately $521.4 million in cash after post-closing purchase price 
adjustments, plus final working capital of $450.6 million. The purchase price and fair value allocation may be 
subject to adjustment pending completion of the final valuation which was in process as of December 31, 2016. 
In addition, we assumed certain pre-existing environmental and regulatory emission credit obligations in connection 
with the Torrance Acquisition. The transaction was financed through a combination of cash on hand, including 
proceeds from our October 2015 Equity Offering and the 2023 Senior Secured Notes Offering, and borrowings 
under our Revolving Loan. 

TVPC Contribution Agreement 

On August 31, 2016, PBFX entered into the TVPC Contribution Agreement between PBFX and PBF LLC. 
Pursuant to the TVPC Contribution Agreement, PBFX acquired from PBF LLC 50% of the issued and outstanding 
limited liability company interests of TVPC, whose assets consist of the 189-mile San Joaquin Valley Pipeline 
system, including the M55, M1 and M70 pipeline systems, including 11 pipeline stations with storage capacity 
and  truck  unloading  capability  at  two  of  the  stations  (collectively,  the  “Torrance  Valley  Pipeline”).  The  total 
consideration paid to PBF LLC was $175.0 million, which was funded by PBFX with $20.0 million of cash on 
hand, $76.2 million in proceeds from the sale of marketable securities, and $78.8 million in net proceeds from the 
PBFX August 2016 Equity Offering. PBFX borrowed an additional $76.2 million under the PBFX Revolving 

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Credit Facility, which was used to repay $76.2 million of the PBFX Term Loan in order to release $76.2 million 
in marketable securities that had collateralized the PBFXTerm Loan.

PBFX  Operating  Company  LP  ("PBFX  Op  Co"),  PBFX’s  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  serves  as TVPC's 
managing member. PBFX, through its ownership of PBFX Op Co, has the sole ability to direct the activities of 
TVPC  that  most  significantly  impact  its  economic  performance.  PBFX  is  also  considered  to  be  the  primary 
beneficiary for accounting purposes, and as a result fully consolidates the net assets and results of operations of 
TVPC with the 50% of TVPC it does not own recorded as noncontrolling interests and net income attributable to 
noncontrolling interests. The TVPC noncontrolling interest at PBFX eliminates in consolidation at the PBF Energy 
level. 

PBFX Plains Asset Purchase  

On April 29, 2016, PBFX's wholly-owed subsidiary, PBF Logistics Products Terminals LLC, completed 
the purchase of the East Coast Terminals from an affiliate of Plains All American Pipeline, L.P. The East Coast 
Terminals include a total of 57 product tanks with a total shell capacity of approximately 4.2 million barrels, 
pipeline connections to the Colonial Pipeline Company, Buckeye Partners, Sunoco Logistics Partners and other 
proprietary pipeline systems, 26 truck loading lanes and marine facilities capable of handling barges and ships.With 
the Plains Asset Purchase, PBFX increased its total shell capacity to over 8.1 million barrels. This acquisition 
expands PBFX's storage and terminaling footprint and introduces third-party customers to its revenue base.

The total cash consideration for the Plains Asset Purchase was approximately $100.0 million, less working 
capital  adjustments.  The  transaction  was  financed  by  PBFX  with  $98.3  million  in  proceeds  from  the  sale  of 
marketable securities. PBFX borrowed an additional $98.5 million under the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility, 
which were used to repay $98.3 million of the PBFX Term Loan in order to release $98.3 million in marketable 
securities that had collateralized the PBFX Term Loan. The final purchase price and fair value allocation were 
completed as of December 31, 2016. 

PBF Energy Inc. Public Offerings

As a result of the initial public offering and related reorganization transactions, PBF Energy became the 
sole managing member of PBF LLC with a controlling voting interest in PBF LLC and its subsidiaries. Effective 
with completion of the initial public offering, PBF Energy consolidates the financial results of PBF LLC and its 
subsidiaries and records a noncontrolling interest in its consolidated financial statements representing the economic 
interests of noncontrolling PBF LLC unit holders. 

Additionally, a series of secondary offerings were made in 2013, 2014 and 2015 whereby funds affiliated 
with  Blackstone  and  First  Reserve  sold  their  interests  in  us.  On  June  12,  2013,  Blackstone  and  First  Reserve 
completed an exchange of 15,950,000 PBF LLC Series A units for the same number of shares of PBF Energy Class 
A common stock which were sold in a secondary public offering (the "2013 secondary offering"). On January 10, 
2014, March 26, 2014 and June 17, 2014, funds affiliated with Blackstone and First Reserve exchanged 15,000,000, 
15,000,000 and 18,000,000 PBF LLC Series A units, respectively, for the same number of shares of PBF Energy 
Class A common stock that were subsequently sold in secondary public offerings (the “2014 secondary offerings”). 
On February 6, 2015, funds affiliated with Blackstone and First Reserve exchanged 3,804,653 PBF LLC Series A 
units for the same number of shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock which were subsequently sold in a 
secondary  public  offering  (the  “February  2015  secondary  offering”  and  collectively  with  the  2013  secondary 
offering and the 2014 secondary offerings, the "secondary offerings"). As a result of these secondary offerings, 
Blackstone and First Reserve no longer hold any PBF LLC Series A units. The holders of PBF LLC Series B Units, 
which include certain current and former executive officers of PBF Energy, received a portion of the proceeds of 
the sales of the shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock by Blackstone and First Reserve in accordance with 
the amended and restated limited liability company agreement of PBF LLC. PBF Energy did not receive any 
proceeds from the secondary offerings.

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On October 13, 2015, we completed the October 2015 Equity Offering of an aggregate of 11,500,000 shares 
of Class A common stock, including 1,500,000 shares of Class A common stock that was sold pursuant to the 
exercise of an over-allotment option, for net proceeds of $344.0 million, after deducting underwriting discounts 
and commissions and other offering expenses. 

On December 19, 2016, we completed the December 2016 Equity Offering of an aggregate of 10,000,000 
shares of Class A common stock for net proceeds of $274.3 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and 
commissions and other estimated offering expenses.

As of December 31, 2016, including the offerings described above, we now own 109,204,047 PBF LLC 
Series  C  Units  and  our  current  and  former  executive  officers  and  directors  and  certain  employees  and  others 
beneficially own 3,920,902 PBF LLC Series A Units, and the holders of our issued and outstanding shares of Class 
A common stock have 96.5% of the voting power in us and the members of PBF LLC other than PBF Energy 
through their holdings of Class B common stock have the remaining 3.5% of the voting power in us.

2016 PBFX Equity Offerings 

On April 5, 2016, PBFX completed a public offering of an aggregate of 2,875,000 common units, including 
375,000 common units that were sold pursuant to the full exercise by the underwriter of its option to purchase 
additional common units, for net proceeds of $51.6 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions 
and other offering expenses . In addition, on August 17, 2016, PBFX completed a public offering of an aggregate 
of 4,000,000 common units, and granted the underwriter an option to purchase an additional 600,000 common 
units, of which 375,000 units were subsequently purchased on September 14, 2016, for total net proceeds of $86.8 
million, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses. As a result of the 
2016 PBFX Equity Offerings, as of December 31, 2016, PBF LLC holds a 44.2% limited partner interest in PBFX 
and owns all of PBFX's IDRs, with the remaining 55.8% limited partner interest owned by public common unit 
holders.

Chalmette Acquisition 

On November 1, 2015, we acquired from ExxonMobil Oil Corporation, Mobil Pipe Line Company and 
PDV Chalmette, Inc., 100% of the ownership interests of Chalmette Refining, which owns the Chalmette refinery 
and related logistics assets. The Chalmette refinery, located outside of New Orleans, Louisiana, is a dual-train 
coking  refinery  and  is  capable  of  processing  both  light  and  heavy  crude  oil.  Subsequent  to  the  closing  of  the 
Chalmette Acquisition, Chalmette Refining is a wholly-owned subsidiary of PBF Holding.

Chalmette Refining owns 100% of the MOEM Pipeline, providing access to the Empire Terminal, as well 
as the CAM Connection Pipeline, providing access to the Louisiana Offshore Oil Port facility through a third party 
pipeline. Chalmette Refining also owns 80% of each of the Collins Pipeline Company and T&M Terminal Company, 
both located in Collins, Mississippi, which provide a clean products outlet for the refinery to the Plantation and 
Colonial  Pipelines. Also  included  in  the  acquisition  are  a  marine  terminal  capable  of  importing  waterborne 
feedstocks and loading or unloading finished products; a clean products truck rack which provides access to local 
markets; and a crude and product storage facility.

The aggregate purchase price for the Chalmette Acquisition was $322.0 million in cash, plus inventory and 
working capital of $246.0 million, which was finalized in the first quarter of 2016. The transaction was financed 
through a combination of cash on hand and borrowings under our Revolving loan. 

PBFX Assets and Drop-Down Transactions 

PBFX’s assets consist of the DCR Rail Terminal, the Toledo Truck Terminal, the DCR West Rack, the Toledo 
Storage Facility, the Delaware City Products Pipeline and Truck Rack, the East Coast Terminals and the Torrance 
Valley  Pipeline. Apart  from  the  East  Coast  Terminals,  PBFX’s  revenue  is  derived  from  long-term,  fee-based 
commercial  agreements  with  subsidiaries  of  PBF  Energy,  which  include  minimum  volume  commitments,  for 

64

receiving, handling, transferring and storing crude oil and refined products. These transactions are eliminated by 
PBF Energy in consolidation.

During 2014, PBFX acquired from PBF LLC the DCR West Rack, a heavy crude oil rail unloading facility 
(also, capable of unloading light crude oil) at the Delaware City refinery and the Toledo Storage Facility, a tank 
farm and related facilities located at our Toledo refinery, including a propane storage and loading facility. 

On May 14, 2015, PBFX acquired from PBF LLC all of the issued and outstanding limited liability company 
interests of Delaware Pipeline Company LLC and Delaware City Logistics Company LLC, whose assets consist 
of the Delaware City Products Pipeline and Truck Rack.

On August 31, 2016, PBFX acquired from PBF LLC 50% of the issued and outstanding limited liability 

company interests of TVPC, whose assets consist of the Torrance Valley Pipeline. 

Amended and Restated Asset Based Revolving Credit Facility

On an ongoing basis, the Revolving Loan is available to be used for working capital and other general 
corporate purposes. On August 15, 2014, the agreement was amended and restated to, among other things, increase 
the  maximum  availability  to  $2.50  billion  and  extend  its  maturity  to August  2019. The  amended  and  restated 
Revolving Loan includes an accordion feature which allows for aggregate commitments of up to $2.75 billion. In 
November and December 2015, PBF Holding increased the maximum availability under the Revolving Loan to 
$2.60 billion and $2.64 billion, respectively, in accordance with its accordion feature. The commitment fees on 
the unused portions, the interest rate on advances and the fees for letters of credit have also been reduced in the 
amended and restated Revolving Loan.

As noted in "Note 4 - Acquisitions", we drew down under our Revolving Loan to partially fund the Torrance 

Acquisition and $350.0 million remains outstanding as of December 31, 2016. 

Senior Secured Notes Offerings

On November 24, 2015, PBF Holding and PBF Finance Corporation issued $500.0 million in aggregate 
principal amount of the 2023 Senior Secured Notes. The net proceeds were approximately $490.0 million after 
deducting  the  initial  purchasers’  discount  and  offering  expenses.  We  used  the  proceeds  for  general  corporate 
purposes, including to fund a portion of the purchase price for the Torrance Acquisition.

PBF Rail Revolving Credit Facility

Effective  March  25,  2014,  PBF  Rail  Logistics  Company  LLC  (“PBF  Rail”),  an  indirect  wholly-owned 
subsidiary of PBF Holding, entered into a $250.0 million secured revolving credit agreement (the “Rail Facility”). 
The primary purpose of the Rail Facility was to fund the acquisition by PBF Rail of coiled and insulated crude 
tank cars and non-coiled and non-insulated general purpose crude tank cars before December 2015. 

As noted in "Note 10 - Credit Facility and Long-term Debt" to the consolidated financial statements, the 
Rail Facility was amended on two occasions in 2015 and 2016 and on December 22, 2016, the Rail Facility was 
terminated and replaced with the PBF Rail Term Loan (as described below). 

PBF Rail Term Loan

On December 22, 2016, PBF Rail entered into a $35.0 million term loan (the “PBF Rail Term Loan”) with 
DVB Bank SE (“DVB”). The PBF Rail Term Loan amortizes monthly over its five year term and bears interest at 
the one month LIBOR plus 2.0%. As security for the PBF Rail Term Loan, PBF Rail pledged, among other things: 
(i) certain eligible railcars; (ii) the Debt Service Reserve Account; and (iii) PBF Holding's member interest in PBF 
Rail. Additionally,  the  PBF  Rail  Term  Loan  contains  customary  terms,  events  of  default  and  covenants  for 
transactions of this nature. PBF Rail may at any time repay the PBF Rail Term Loan without penalty in the event 
that railcars collateralizing the loan are sold, scrapped or otherwise removed from the collateral pool.

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PBFX Debt and Credit Facilities

On May 14, 2014, in connection with the closing of the PBFX Offering, PBFX entered into the five-year, 
$275.0 million PBFX Revolving Credit Facility and the three-year, $300.0 million PBFX Term Loan. The PBFX 
Revolving Credit Facility was increased from $275.0 million to $325.0 million in December 2014 and from $325.0 
million to $360.0 million in May 2016. The PBFX Revolving Credit Facility is available to fund working capital, 
acquisitions, distributions and capital expenditures and for other general partnership purposes and is guaranteed 
by a guaranty of collection from PBF LLC. PBFX also has the ability to increase the maximum amount of the 
PBFX Revolving Credit Facility by an aggregate amount of up to $240.0 million, to a total facility size of $600.0 
million, subject to receiving increased commitments from lenders or other financial institutions and satisfaction 
of certain conditions. The PBFX Revolving Credit Facility includes a $25.0 million sublimit for standby letters of 
credit and a $25.0 million sublimit for swingline loans. The PBFX Term Loan was used to fund distributions to 
PBF LLC and is guaranteed by a guaranty of collection from PBF LLC and secured at all times by cash, U.S. 
Treasury or other investment grade securities in an amount equal to or greater than the outstanding principal amount 
of the PBFX Term Loan.

Certain  subsequent  acquisitions  made  by  PBFX  were  funded  partially  by  proceeds  from  the  sale  of 
marketable securities. PBFX used borrowings under the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility to repay a portion of the 
outstanding PBFX Term Loan, and thereby release a portion of the marketable securities that had collateralized 
the PBFX Term Loan.

On  May  12,  2015,  PBFX  entered  into  an  indenture  among  the  Partnership,  PBF  Logistics  Finance 
Corporation, a Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of PBFX ("PBF Logistics Finance," and together 
with PBFX, the "Issuers"), the Guarantors named therein (certain subsidiaries of PBFX) and Deutsche Bank Trust 
Company Americas, as Trustee, under which the Issuers issued $350.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 
the PBFX Senior Notes. PBF LLC has provided a limited guarantee of collection of the principal amount of the 
PBFX Senior Notes, but is not otherwise subject to the covenants of the indenture. Of the $350.0 million aggregate 
PBFX Senior Notes, $19.9 million were purchased by certain of PBF Energy’s officers and directors and their 
affiliates pursuant to a separate private placement transaction. After deducting offering expenses, PBFX received 
net proceeds of approximately $343.0 million from the PBFX Senior Notes offering. 

J. Aron Intermediation Agreements 

On May 29, 2015, PBF Holding entered into amended and restated inventory intermediation agreements 
with J. Aron pursuant to which certain terms of the existing inventory intermediation agreements were amended, 
including, among other things, pricing and an extension of the term for a period of two years from the original 
expiry  date  of  July  1,  2015,  subject  to  certain  early  termination  rights.  In  addition,  the A&R  Intermediation 
Agreements  include  one-year  renewal  clauses  by  mutual  consent  of  both  parties.  The A&R  Intermediation 
Agreements have not been renewed and are scheduled to expire on July 1, 2017. If we are unable to negotiate an 
extension  with  J. Aron  or  enter  into  an  alternative  intermediation  agreement,  we  will  have  to  repurchase  the 
inventories outstanding under the A&R Intermediation Agreement at that time.

Pursuant to each A&R Intermediation Agreement, J. Aron continues to purchase and hold title to certain of 
the intermediate and finished products produced by the Paulsboro and Delaware City refineries, respectively, and 
delivered into tanks at the Refineries. Furthermore, J. Aron agrees to sell the Products back to Paulsboro refinery 
and Delaware City refinery as the Products are discharged out of the refineries' tanks. J. Aron has the right to store 
the products purchased in tanks under the A&R Intermediation Agreements and will retain these storage rights for 
the term of the agreements. PBF Holding continues to market and sell the products independently to third parties. 

Crude Oil Acquisition Agreements

We currently purchase all of our crude and feedstock needs independently from a variety of suppliers on 
the spot market or through term agreements for our Delaware City refinery. We have a contract with Saudi Aramco 
pursuant to which we have been purchasing up to approximately 100,000 bpd of crude oil from Saudi Aramco that 

66

is processed at our Paulsboro refinery. Prior to December 31, 2015, we had a crude oil supply contract with a third-
party for our Delaware City refinery. We currently fully source our own crude oil needs for our Toledo refinery. 
Prior to July 31, 2014, we had a crude oil acquisition agreement with a third party that expired on July 31, 2014. 
In connection with the Chalmette Acquisition we entered into a contract with PDVSA for the supply of 40,000 to 
60,000 bpd of crude oil that can be processed at any of our East or Gulf Coast refineries. In connection with the 
closing of the Torrance Acquisition, we entered into a crude supply agreement with ExxonMobil for approximately 
60,000 bpd of crude oil that can be processed at our Torrance refinery.

Tax Receivable Agreement

In connection with our initial public offering, we entered into a tax receivable agreement pursuant to which 
we are required to pay the members of PBF LLC, who exchange their units for PBF Energy Class A common stock 
or whose units we purchase, approximately 85% of the cash savings in income taxes that we realize as a result of 
the increase in the tax basis of our interest in PBF LLC, including tax benefits attributable to payments made under 
the tax receivable agreement. We have recognized, as of December 31, 2016, a liability for the tax receivable 
agreement of $611.4 million, reflecting our estimate of the undiscounted amounts that we expect to pay under the 
agreement due to exchanges including those in connection with our IPO and our secondary offerings. Our estimate 
of the tax receivable agreement liability is based, in part, on forecasts of future taxable income over the anticipated 
life of our future business operations, assuming no material changes in the relevant tax law. Periodically, we may 
adjust the liability based, in part, on an updated estimate of the amounts that we expect to pay, using assumptions 
consistent with those used in our concurrent estimate of the deferred tax asset valuation allowance. For example, 
we must adjust the estimated tax receivable agreement liability each time we purchase PBF LLC Series A Units 
or upon an exchange of PBF LLC Series A Units for our Class A common stock. These periodic adjustments to 
the tax receivable liability, if any, are recorded in general and administrative expense and may result in adjustments 
to our income tax expense and deferred tax assets and liabilities. 

Share Repurchase Program

Our Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $300.0 million of our Class A common stock. 
On September 26, 2016, our Board of Directors approved a two year extension to the existing Repurchase Program. 
As a result of the extension, the Repurchase Program will expire on September 30, 2018. No repurchases of the 
Company's Class A common stock were made during the year ended December 31, 2016. As of December 31, 
2016 we have purchased approximately 6.05 million shares of our Class A common stock under the Repurchase 
Program  for  $150.8  million  through  open  market  transactions.  We  currently  have  the  ability  to  purchase 
approximately an additional $149.2 million in common stock under the approved Repurchase Program.

These  repurchases  may  be  made  from  time  to  time  through  various  methods,  including  open  market 
transactions, block trades, accelerated share repurchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, certain of 
which may be effected through Rule 10b5-1 and Rule 10b-18 plans. The timing and number of shares repurchased 
will depend on a variety of factors, including price, capital availability, legal requirements and economic and market 
conditions. We are not obligated to purchase any shares under the Repurchase Program, and repurchases may be 
suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice.

Renewable Fuels Standard

We have seen fluctuations in the cost of renewable fuel credits, known as RINs, required for compliance 
with the RFS. We incurred approximately $347.5 million in RINs costs during the year ended December 31, 2016
as compared to $171.6 million and $115.7 million during the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. 
The fluctuations in RINs costs are due primarily to volatility in prices for ethanol-linked RINs and increases in 
our production of on-road transportation fuels since 2012. Our RINs purchase obligation is dependent on our actual 
shipment of on-road transportation fuels domestically and the amount of blending achieved.

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Factors Affecting Operating Results

Overview

Our earnings and cash flows from operations are primarily affected by the relationship between refined 
product prices and the prices for crude oil and other feedstocks. The cost to acquire crude oil and other feedstocks 
and the price of refined petroleum products ultimately sold depends on numerous factors beyond our control, 
including the supply of, and demand for, crude oil, gasoline, diesel and other refined petroleum products, which, 
in turn, depend on, among other factors, changes in global and regional economies, weather conditions, global and 
regional political affairs, production levels, the availability of imports, the marketing of competitive fuels, pipeline 
capacity, prevailing exchange rates and the extent of government regulation. Our revenue and operating income 
fluctuate significantly with movements in industry refined petroleum product prices, our materials cost fluctuate 
significantly with movements in crude oil prices and our other operating expenses fluctuate with movements in 
the price of energy to meet the power needs of our refineries. In addition, the effect of changes in crude oil prices 
on our operating results is influenced by how the prices of refined products adjust to reflect such changes.

Crude oil and other feedstock costs and the prices of refined petroleum products have historically been 
subject to wide fluctuation. Expansion and upgrading of existing facilities and installation of additional refinery 
distillation or conversion capacity, price volatility, international political and economic developments and other 
factors beyond our control are likely to continue to play an important role in refining industry economics. These 
factors can impact, among other things, the level of inventories in the market, resulting in price volatility and a 
reduction or increase in product margins. Moreover, the industry typically experiences seasonal fluctuations in 
demand for refined petroleum products, such as for gasoline and diesel, during the summer driving season and for 
home heating oil during the winter.

Benchmark Refining Margins

In assessing our operating performance, we compare the refining margins (revenue less materials cost) of 
each of our refineries against a specific benchmark industry refining margin based on crack spreads. Benchmark 
refining margins take into account both crude and refined petroleum product prices. When these prices are combined 
in a formula they provide a single value—a gross margin per barrel—that, when multiplied by throughput, provides 
an approximation of the gross margin generated by refining activities.

The performance of our East Coast refineries generally follows the Dated Brent (NYH) 2-1-1 benchmark 
refining margin. Our Toledo refinery generally follows the WTI (Chicago) 4-3-1 benchmark refining margin. Our 
Chalmette refinery generally follows the LLS (Gulf Coast) 2-1-1 benchmark refining margin. Our Torrance refinery 
generally follows the ANS (West Coast) 4-3-1 benchmark refining margin. 

While the benchmark refinery margins presented below under “Results of Operations—Market Indicators” 
are representative of the results of our refineries, each refinery’s realized gross margin on a per barrel basis will 
differ from the benchmark due to a variety of factors affecting the performance of the relevant refinery to its 
corresponding benchmark. These factors include the refinery’s actual type of crude oil throughput, product yield 
differentials and any other factors not reflected in the benchmark refining margins, such as transportation costs, 
storage costs, credit fees, fuel consumed during production and any product premiums or discounts, as well as 
inventory fluctuations, timing of crude oil and other feedstock purchases, a rising or declining crude and product 
pricing environment and commodity price management activities. As discussed in more detail below, each of our 
refineries,  depending  on  market  conditions,  has  certain  feedstock-cost  and  product-value  advantages  and 
disadvantages as compared to the refinery’s relevant benchmark.

Credit Risk Management

Credit risk refers to the risk that a counterparty will default on its contractual obligations resulting in financial 
loss to us. Our exposure to credit risk is reflected in the carrying amount of the receivables that are presented in 
our balance sheet. To minimize credit risk, all customers are subject to extensive credit verification procedures 
and extensions of credit above defined thresholds are to be approved by the senior management. Our intention is 
68

to trade only with recognized creditworthy third parties. In addition, receivable balances are monitored on an 
ongoing basis. We also limit the risk of bad debts by obtaining security such as guarantees or letters of credit.

Other Factors

We currently source our crude oil for the Paulsboro, Delaware City, Toledo, Chalmette and Torrance refineries 
on a global basis through a combination of market purchases and short-term purchase contracts, and through our 
crude  oil  supply  agreements  with  Saudi Aramco,  PDVSA  and  ExxonMobil.  We  have  been  purchasing  up  to 
approximately 100,000 bpd of crude oil from Saudi Aramco that is processed at Paulsboro. We have a contract 
with PDVSA for the supply of 40,000 to 60,000 bpd of crude oil that can be processed at any of our East or Gulf 
Coast refineries. Additionally, we have a supply agreement with ExxonMobil for approximately 60,000 bpd of 
crude oil that can be processed at our Torrance refinery. We believe purchases based on market pricing has given 
us flexibility in obtaining crude oil at lower prices and on a more accurate “as needed” basis. Since our Paulsboro 
and Delaware City refineries access their crude slates from the Delaware River via ship or barge and through our 
rail facilities at Delaware City, these refineries have the flexibility to purchase crude oils from the Mid-Continent 
and Western Canada, as well as a number of different countries.

In  the  past  several  years,  we  expanded  and  upgraded  the  existing  on-site  railroad  infrastructure  at  the 
Delaware City refinery. Currently, crude oil delivered by rail to this facility is consumed at our Delaware City and 
Paulsboro refineries. The Delaware City rail unloading facility, which was transferred to PBFX in 2014, allows 
our East Coast refineries to source WTI-based crude oils from Western Canada and the Mid-Continent, which we 
believe, at times, may provide cost advantages versus traditional Brent-based international crude oils. In support 
of this rail strategy, we have at times entered into agreements to lease or purchase crude railcars. A portion of these 
railcars were purchased via the Rail Facility entered into during 2014, which was terminated in connection with 
the execution of the PBF Rail Term Loan in 2016. Certain of these railcars were subsequently sold to a third party, 
which has leased the railcars back to us for periods of between four and seven years. In 2016, we sold approximately 
120 of these railcars to optimize our railcar portfolio. Our railcar fleet, at times, provides transportation flexibility 
within our crude oil sourcing strategy that allows our East Coast refineries to process cost advantaged crude from 
Canada and the Mid-Continent.

Our operating cost structure is also important to our profitability. Major operating costs include costs relating 
to  employees  and  contract  labor,  energy,  maintenance  and  environmental  compliance,  and  emission  control 
regulations,  including  the  cost  of  RINs  required  for  compliance  with  the  Renewable  Fuels  Standard.  The 
predominant variable cost is energy, in particular, the price of utilities, natural gas, electricity and chemicals.

Our operating results are also affected by the reliability of our refinery operations. Unplanned downtime of 
our refinery assets generally results in lost margin opportunity and increased maintenance expense. The financial 
impact of planned downtime, such as major turnaround maintenance, is managed through a planning process that 
considers such things as the margin environment, the availability of resources to perform the needed maintenance 
and feed logistics, whereas unplanned downtime does not afford us this opportunity.

Refinery-Specific Information 

The following section includes refinery-specific information related to our operations, crude oil differentials, 

ancillary costs, and local premiums and discounts.

Delaware City Refinery. The benchmark refining margin for the Delaware City refinery is calculated by 
assuming that two barrels of Dated Brent crude oil are converted into one barrel of gasoline and one barrel of 
diesel. We calculate this benchmark using the NYH market value of reformulated blendstock for oxygenate blending 
("RBOB") and ULSD against the market value of Dated Brent and refer to the benchmark as the Dated Brent 
(NYH) 2-1-1 benchmark refining margin. Our Delaware City refinery has a product slate of approximately 53% 
gasoline,  30%  distillate  (consisting  of  jet  fuel,  ULSD  and  ultra-low  sulfur  heating  oil),  1%  high-value 
petrochemicals, with the remaining portion of the product slate comprised of lower-value products (6% black oil, 
4% petroleum coke, 3% LPGs and 3% other). For this reason, we believe the Dated Brent (NYH) 2-1-1 is an 

69

appropriate benchmark industry refining margin. The majority of Delaware City revenues are generated off NYH-
based market prices.

The Delaware City refinery’s realized gross margin on a per barrel basis has historically differed from the 

Dated Brent (NYH) 2-1-1 benchmark refining margin due to the following factors:

• 

• 

the  Delaware  City  refinery  processes  a  slate  of  primarily  medium  and  heavy  sour  crude  oils,  which  has 
constituted approximately 65% to 70% of total throughput. The remaining throughput consists of sweet crude 
oil and other feedstocks and blendstocks. In addition, we have the capability to process a significant volume 
of light, sweet crude oil depending on market conditions. Our total throughput costs have historically priced 
at a discount to Dated Brent; and

as a result of the heavy, sour crude slate processed at Delaware City, we produce lower value products including 
sulfur, carbon dioxide and petroleum coke. These products are priced at a significant discount to gasoline, 
ULSD and heating oil and represent approximately 5% to 7% of our total production volume.

Paulsboro Refinery. The benchmark refining margin for the Paulsboro refinery is calculated by assuming 
that two barrels of Dated Brent crude oil are converted into one barrel of gasoline and one barrel of diesel. We 
calculate this benchmark using the NYH market value of RBOB and ULSD diesel against the market value of 
Dated Brent and refer to the benchmark as the Dated Brent (NYH) 2-1-1 benchmark refining margin. Our Paulsboro 
refinery has a product slate of approximately 38% gasoline, 32% distillate (comprised of jet fuel, ULSD and ultra-
low sulfur heating oil), 5% high-value Group I lubricants and 10% asphalt, with the remaining portion of the 
product slate comprised of lower-value products (6% black oil, 4% petroleum coke, 4% LPGs and 1% other). For 
this reason, we believe the Dated Brent (NYH) 2-1-1 is an appropriate benchmark industry refining margin. The 
majority of Paulsboro revenues are generated off NYH-based market prices.

The Paulsboro refinery’s realized gross margin on a per barrel basis has historically differed from the Dated 

Brent (NYH) 2-1-1 benchmark refining margin due to the following factors:

• 

• 

the Paulsboro refinery has generally processed a slate of primarily medium and heavy sour crude oils, which 
has historically constituted approximately 70% to 80% of total throughput. The remaining throughput consists 
of sweet crude oil and other feedstocks and blendstocks; 

as a result of the heavy, sour crude slate processed at Paulsboro, we produce lower value products including 
sulfur and petroleum coke. These products are priced at a significant discount to gasoline and heating oil and 
represent approximately 3% to 5% of our total production volume; and

• 

the Paulsboro refinery produces Group I lubricants which carry a premium sales price to gasoline and distillates.

Toledo Refinery. The benchmark refining margin for the Toledo refinery is calculated by assuming that four 
barrels of WTI crude oil are converted into three barrels of gasoline, one-half barrel of ULSD and one-half barrel 
of jet fuel. We calculate this refining margin using the Chicago market values of conventional blendstock for 
oxygenate blending ("CBOB") and ULSD and the United States Gulf Coast value of jet fuel against the market 
value of WTI crude oil and refer to this benchmark as the WTI (Chicago) 4-3-1 benchmark refining margin. Our 
Toledo refinery has a product slate of approximately 54% gasoline, 35% distillate (comprised of jet fuel and ULSD), 
5% high-value petrochemicals (including nonene, tetramer, benzene, xylene and toluene) with the remaining portion 
of the product slate comprised of lower-value products (5% LPGs and 1% other). For this reason, we believe the 
WTI (Chicago) 4-3-1 is an appropriate benchmark industry refining margin. The majority of Toledo revenues are 
generated off Chicago-based market prices.

The Toledo refinery’s realized gross margin on a per barrel basis has historically differed from the WTI 

(Chicago) 4-3-1 benchmark refining margin due to the following factors:

• 

the Toledo refinery processes a slate of domestic sweet and Canadian synthetic crude oil. Historically, Toledo’s 
blended average crude costs have been higher than the market value of WTI crude oil;

70

• 

the Toledo refinery configuration enables it to produce more barrels of product than throughput which generates 
a pricing benefit; and

• 

the Toledo refinery generates a pricing benefit on some of its refined products, primarily its petrochemicals.

Chalmette Refinery. The benchmark refining margin for the Chalmette refinery is calculated by assuming 
two barrels of Light Louisiana Sweet ("LLS") crude oil are converted into one barrel of gasoline and one barrel 
of diesel. We calculate this benchmark using the US Gulf Coast market value of 87 conventional gasoline and 
ULSD against the market value of LLS and refer to this benchmark as the LLS (Gulf Coast) 2-1-1 benchmark 
refining  margin.  Our  Chalmette  refinery  has  a  product  slate  of  approximately  48%  gasoline,  31%  distillate 
(comprised  of  ULSD,  heating  oil,  and  light  cycle  oil),  5%  high-value  petrochemicals  (including  benzene  and 
xylenes) with the remaining portion of the product slate comprised of lower-value products (10% black oil, 5% 
petroleum coke and 1% other). For this reason, we believe the LLS (Gulf Coast) 2-1-1 is an appropriate benchmark 
industry refining margin. The majority of Chalmette revenues are generated off Gulf Coast-based market prices.

The Chalmette refinery’s realized gross margin on a per barrel basis has historically differed from the LLS 

(USGC) 2-1-1 benchmark refining margin due to the following factors:

•  The Chalmette refinery has generally processed a slate of primarily medium and heavy sour crude oils, which 
has historically constituted approximately 60% to 70% of total throughput. The remaining throughput consists 
of sweet crude oil and other feedstocks and blendstocks; and

• 

as a result of the heavy, sour crude slate processed at Chalmette, we produce lower-value products including 
sulfur and petroleum coke. These products are priced at a significant discount to gasoline and heating oil and 
represent approximately 4% to 6% of our total production volume.

A project underway to restart an idled naphtha hydrotreater, reformer and light-ends recovery unit will 
increase high-octane, ultra-low sulfur reformate and chemicals production. A new crude oil tank being constructed 
will  allow  gasoline  and  diesel  export  opportunities  and  reduce  Renewable  Identification  Numbers  (“RINs”) 
compliance costs. Both projects are expected to be completed in the third quarter of 2017.

Torrance Refinery. The benchmark refining margin for the Torrance refinery is calculated by assuming that 
four barrels of Alaskan North Slope (“ANS”) crude oil are converted into three barrels of gasoline, one-half barrel 
of diesel and one-half barrel of jet fuel. We calculate this benchmark using the West Coast Los Angeles market 
value of California reformulated blendstock for oxygenate blending (CARBOB), California Air Resources Board 
(CARB) diesel and jet fuel and refer to the benchmark as the ANS (WCLA) 4-3-1 benchmark refining margin. 
Our Torrance Refinery has a product slate of approximately 62% gasoline and 25% distillate (comprised of jet 
fuel, ULSD and marine diesel) with the remaining portion of the product slate comprised of lower-value products 
(8% petroleum coke, 2% LPG, 2% black oil and 1% other). For this reason, we believe the ANS (West Coast) 
4-3-1 is an appropriate benchmark industry refining margin. The majority of Torrance revenues are generated off 
West Coast Los Angeles-based market prices.

The Torrance refinery’s realized gross margin on a per barrel basis has historically differed from the ANS 

(WCLA) 4-3-1 benchmark refining margin due to the following factors:

•  The Torrance Refinery has generally processed a slate of primarily heavy sour crude oils, which has 
historically constituted approximately 80% to 90% of total throughput. The Torrance crude slate has the 
lowest API gravity (typically an American Petroleum Institute ("API") gravity of less than 20 degrees) 
of all of our refineries. The remaining throughput consists of other feedstocks and blendstocks; and

• 

as a result of the heavy, sour crude slate processed at Torrance, we produce lower-value products including 
petroleum coke and sulfur. These products are priced at a significant discount to gasoline and diesel and 
represent approximately 9% to 11% of our total production volume.

71

Results of Operations

The tables below reflect our consolidated financial and operating highlights for the years ended December 31, 
2016, 2015 and 2014 (amounts in thousands, except per share data). Effective with the completion of the PBFX 
Offering in May 2014, we operate in two reportable business segments: Refining and Logistics. Our oil refineries, 
excluding the assets owned by PBFX, are all engaged in the refining of crude oil and other feedstocks into petroleum 
products, and are aggregated into the Refining segment. PBFX is a publicly traded master limited partnership that 
operates certain logistical assets such as crude oil and refined petroleum products terminals, pipelines and storage 
facilities. PBFX's operations are aggregated into the Logistics segment. Prior to the PBFX Offering and PBFX's 
acquisition of the DCR West Rack, the Toledo Storage Facility, the Delaware City Products Pipeline and Truck 
Rack, and the Torrance Valley Pipeline, PBFX's assets were operated within the refining operations of our Delaware 
City, Toledo and Torrance refineries and did not generate third party revenue nor, apart from Delaware Pipeline 
Company LLC, any intra-entity revenue and were not considered to be a separate reportable segment. We did not 
analyze our results by individual segments as, apart from the East Coast Terminals, our Logistics segment did not 
have any third party revenue and a significant portion of its operating results eliminate in consolidation.  

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

$

15,920,424

$

13,123,929

$

19,828,155

13,598,341

11,481,614

18,471,203

2,322,083

1,423,198

166,452

11,374

222,176

498,883

12,908

1,422
(150,045)
363,168

137,650

225,518

1,642,315

1,356,952

904,525

181,266
(1,004)
197,417

360,111

18,150

10,184
(106,187)
282,258

86,725

195,533

883,140

146,661
(895)
180,382

147,664

2,990

3,969
(98,764)
55,859
(22,412)
78,271

54,707

49,132

116,508

170,811

727,496

$

$

146,401

571,524

$

$

(38,237)

308,399

2,143,449

1,512,330

1,314,101

1.74

1.74

$

$

1.66

1.65

$

$

(0.51)
(0.51)

$

$

$

$

Revenue

Cost of sales, excluding depreciation

Operating expenses, excluding depreciation

General and administrative expenses

Loss (gain) on sale of assets

Depreciation and amortization expense

Income from operations

Change in tax receivable agreement liability

Change in fair value of catalyst leases

Interest expense, net

Income before income taxes

Income tax expense (benefit)

Net income

Less: net income attributable to noncontrolling
interest

Net income (loss) attributable to PBF Energy Inc.
stockholders

Gross margin

Gross refining margin (1)

Net income (loss) available to Class A common stock per
share:

Basic

Diluted

——————————
(1) See Non-GAAP Financial Measures below.

72

 
 
Operating Highlights

Key Operating Information
Production (bpd in thousands)

Crude oil and feedstocks throughput (bpd in thousands)

Total crude oil and feedstocks throughput (millions of barrels)

Gross margin per barrel of throughput

Gross refining margin, excluding special items per barrel of 
throughput (1)

Refinery operating expense, excluding depreciation, per barrel of
throughput

Crude and feedstocks (% of total throughput) (2)

Heavy Crude
Medium Crude

Light Crude

Other feedstocks and blends

Total throughput

Yield (% of total throughput)

Gasoline and gasoline blendstocks

Distillates and distillate blendstocks

Lubes

Chemicals

Other

Total yield

——————————
(1) See Non-GAAP Financial Measures below.

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

734.3

727.7

266.4

2.73

6.09

5.22

$

$

$

511.9

516.4

188.4

3.03

10.29

4.72

$

$

$

452.1

453.1

165.4

1.86

12.11

5.34

$

$

$

26%

37%

25%

12%

14%

49%

26%

11%

14%

44%

33%

9%

100%

100%

100%

50%

31%

1%

3%

15%

100%

49%

35%

1%

3%

12%

100%

47%

36%

2%

3%

12%

100%

(2) We define heavy crude oil as crude oil with American Petroleum Institute (API) gravity less than 24 degrees. 
We define medium crude oil as crude oil with API gravity between 24 and 35 degrees. We define light crude oil 
as crude oil with API gravity higher than 35 degrees.

73

 
 
The table below summarizes certain market indicators relating to our operating results as reported by Platts.

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015
(dollars per barrel, except as noted)

2014

Dated Brent Crude

West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil

Light Louisiana Sweet (LLS) crude oil

Alaska North Slope (ANS) crude oil

Crack Spreads

Dated Brent (NYH) 2-1-1

WTI (Chicago) 4-3-1

LLS (Gulf Coast) 2-1-1

ANS (West Coast) 4-3-1

Crude Oil Differentials

Dated Brent (foreign) less WTI

Dated Brent less Maya (heavy, sour)

Dated Brent less WTS (sour)

Dated Brent less ASCI (sour)

WTI less WCS (heavy, sour)

WTI less Bakken (light, sweet)

WTI less Syncrude (light, sweet)

WTI less ANS (light, sweet)

Natural gas (dollars per MMBTU)

2016 Compared to 2015 

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

43.91

43.34

45.03

43.67

13.49

12.38

10.75

16.46

0.56

7.36

1.42

3.92

12.57

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

52.56

48.71

52.36

52.44

16.35

17.91

14.39

26.46

3.85

8.45

3.59

4.57

11.87

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1.32
$
(2.01) $
(0.33) $
$
2.55

2.89
$
(1.45) $
(3.73) $
$
2.63

98.95

93.28

96.92

97.52

12.92

15.92

16.95

15.59

5.66

13.08

11.62

6.49

19.45

5.47

2.25
(4.24)
4.26  

Overview— Net income was $225.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to $195.5 
million for the year ended December 31, 2015. Net income attributable to PBF Energy stockholders was $170.8 
million, or $1.74 per diluted share, for the year ended December 31, 2016 ($1.74 per share on a fully-exchanged, 
fully-diluted basis based on adjusted fully-converted net income, or a net loss of $(1.41) per share on a fully-
exchanged, fully-diluted basis based on adjusted fully-converted net loss excluding special items, as described 
below in Non-GAAP Financial Measures) compared to net income attributable to PBF Energy stockholders of 
$146.4 million, or $1.65 per diluted share, for the year ended December 31, 2015 ($1.65 per share on a fully-
exchanged,  fully-diluted  basis  based  on  adjusted  fully-converted  net  income,  or  $4.27  per  share  on  a  fully 
exchanged, fully diluted basis based on adjusted fully-converted net income excluding special items, as described 
below in Non-GAAP Financial Measures). The net income or loss attributable to PBF Energy represents PBF 
Energy’s equity interest in PBF LLC’s pre-tax income (loss), less applicable income tax expense. PBF Energy's 
weighted-average equity interest in PBF LLC was 95.3% and 94.0% for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 
2015, respectively.

Our results for the year ended December 31, 2016 were positively impacted by a non-cash special item 
consisting of a pre-tax LCM adjustment of approximately $521.3 million, or $317.7 million net of tax, whereas 
our results for the year ended December 31, 2015 were negatively impacted by a pre-tax LCM adjustment of 
approximately $427.2 million, or $258.0 million net of tax. These LCM adjustments were recorded due to significant 
changes in the price of crude oil and refined products in the periods presented. Excluding the impact of the net 
change in LCM reserve, our results were negatively impacted by unfavorable movements in certain crude oil 
differentials, lower crack spreads, increased costs to comply with the RFS, and increased interest costs partially 

74

 
 
offset by positive earnings contributions from the Chalmette and Torrance refineries and higher throughput in the 
Mid-Continent. Throughput volumes for 2015 in the Mid-Continent were impacted by unplanned downtime in the 
second quarter of 2015.

Revenues— Revenues totaled $15.9 billion for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared to $13.1 billion
for the year ended December 31, 2015, an increase of approximately $2.8 billion or 21.3%. Revenues per barrel 
were $59.77 and $69.66 for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, a decrease of 14.2% directly 
related to lower hydrocarbon commodity prices. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the total throughput rates 
at our East Coast, Mid-Continent and Gulf Coast refineries averaged approximately 327,000 bpd, 159,100 bpd 
and 169,300 bpd, respectively. For the period from its acquisition on July 1, 2016 through December 31, 2016, 
our West Coast refinery's throughput averaged 143,900 bpd. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the total 
throughput rates at our East Coast and Mid-Continent refineries averaged approximately 330,700 bpd and 153,800
bpd, respectively. For the period from its acquisition on November 1, 2015 through December 31, 2015, our Gulf 
Coast  refinery's  throughput  averaged  190,800  bpd.  The  slight  decrease  in  throughput  rates  at  our  East  Coast 
refineries in 2016 compared to 2015 is primarily due to weather-related unplanned downtime at our Delaware City 
refinery in the first quarter of 2016, partially offset by downtime at our Delaware City refinery in 2015. The increase 
in throughout rates at our Mid-Continent refinery in 2016 is due to unplanned downtime in the second quarter of 
2015. Our Gulf Coast and West Coast refineries were not acquired until the fourth quarter of 2015 and third quarter 
of 2016, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2016, the total refined product barrels sold at our East 
Coast, Mid-Continent and Gulf Coast refineries averaged approximately 364,100 bpd, 171,800 bpd and 206,400
bpd, respectively. For the period from its acquisition on July 1, 2016 through December 31, 2016, refined product 
barrels sold at our West Coast refinery averaged approximately 179,200 bpd. For the year ended December 31, 
2015, the total refined product barrels sold at our East Coast and Mid-Continent refineries averaged approximately 
366,100 bpd and 162,600 bpd, respectively. For the period from its acquisition on November 1, 2015 through 
December 31, 2015, the total refined product barrels sold at our Gulf Coast refinery averaged 216,100 bpd. Total 
refined product barrels sold were higher than throughput rates, reflecting sales from inventory as well as sales and 
purchases of refined products outside the refineries.

Gross  Margin—  Gross  margin,  including  refinery  operating  expenses  and  depreciation,  totaled  $727.5 
million, or $2.73 per barrel of throughput, for the year ended December 31, 2016, compared to $571.5 million, or 
$3.03 per barrel of throughput, for the year ended December 31, 2015, an increase of $156.0 million. Gross refining 
margin  (as  defined  below  in  Non-GAAP  Financial  Measures)  totaled  $2,143.4  million,  or  $8.05  per  barrel  of 
throughput ($1,622.1 million or $6.09 per barrel of throughput excluding the impact of special items), for the year 
ended December 31, 2016 compared to $1,512.3 million, or $8.02 per barrel of throughput ($1,939.6 million or 
$10.29 per barrel of throughput excluding the impact of special items), for the year ended December 31, 2015, an 
increase of approximately $631.1 million or a decrease of $317.5 million excluding special items. Excluding the 
impact of special items, gross margin and gross refining margin decreased due to unfavorable movements in certain 
crude differentials, lower crack spreads as persistent above-average refined product inventory levels weighed on 
margins,  and  increased  costs  to  comply  with  the  RFS,  partially  offset  by  higher  throughput  rates  in  the  Mid-
Continent and positive margin contributions from the Chalmette and Torrance refineries acquired in the fourth 
quarter of 2015 and third quarter of 2016, respectively. Costs to comply with our obligation under the RFS totaled 
$236.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 (excluding our Gulf Coast and West Coast refineries, whose 
costs to comply with RFS totaled $111.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2016) compared to $163.6 
million for the year ended December 31, 2015 (excluding our Gulf Coast refinery, whose costs to comply with 
RFS totaled $8.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2015). In addition, gross margin and gross refining 
margin were positively impacted by a non-cash LCM adjustment of approximately $521.3 million resulting from 
the change in crude oil and refined product prices from the year ended 2015 to the year ended 2016 which, while 
remaining below historical costs, increased since the prior year end. The non-cash LCM adjustment decreased 
gross margin and gross refining margin by approximately $427.2 million in the year ended December 31, 2015.

Average industry refining margins in the Mid-Continent were weaker during the year ended December 31, 
2016, as compared to the same period in 2015. The WTI (Chicago) 4-3-1 industry crack spread was $12.38 per 
barrel, or 30.9% lower, in the year ended December 31, 2016, as compared to $17.91 per barrel in the same period 

75

in 2015. Our margins were negatively impacted from our refinery specific crude slate in the Mid-Continent which 
was impacted by a declining WTI/Bakken differential and a declining WTI/Syncrude differential, which averaged 
a premium of $2.01 per barrel for the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to a premium of $1.45 per barrel 
in the same period in 2015. 

The Dated Brent (NYH) 2-1-1 industry crack spread was approximately $13.49 per barrel, or 17.5% lower, 
in the year ended December 31, 2016, as compared to $16.35 per barrel in the same period in 2015. The Dated 
Brent/WTI differential and Dated Brent/Maya differential were $3.29 and $1.09 lower, respectively, in the year 
ended December 31, 2016, as compared to the same period in 2015. In addition, the WTI/Bakken differential was 
approximately $1.57 per barrel less favorable in the year ended December 31, 2016 as compared to the same period 
in 2015. Reductions in these benchmark crude differentials typically result in higher crude costs and negatively 
impact our earnings.

Operating Expenses— Operating expenses totaled $1,423.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016
compared to $904.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, an increase of $518.7 million, or 57.3%. Of 
the total $1,423.2 million of operating expenses, approximately $1,390.6 million, or $5.22 per barrel of throughput, 
related to expenses incurred by the Refining segment, while the remaining $32.6 million related to expenses incurred 
by the Logistics segment ($15.1 million of operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2015 related to 
the  Logistics  segment). The  increase  in  operating  expenses  was  mainly  attributable  to  the  operating  expenses 
associated with the Chalmette and Torrance refineries and related logistics assets. For the year ended December 31, 
2016 and for the period from its acquisition on November 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015, the Chalmette refinery 
and  related  logistics  assets  incurred  operating  expenses  of  approximately  $343.9  million  and  $52.1  million, 
respectively. In the period from its acquisition on July 1, 2016 to December 31, 2016, the Torrance refinery and 
related logistics assets incurred operating expenses of approximately $250.5 million. Total operating expenses at 
our refineries, excluding our Chalmette and Torrance refineries, decreased slightly for the year ended December 31, 
2016, primarily due to lower energy costs and maintenance costs. The reduction in energy costs was mainly due 
to lower natural gas prices while the reduction in maintenance costs was mainly due to timing of repairs and certain 
non-recurring maintenance costs incurred in 2015. These reductions were partially offset by higher employee-
related expenses, primarily attributable to merit increases in salaries. The operating expenses related to the Logistics 
segment consists of costs related to the operation and maintenance of PBFX's assets, which were higher primarily 
due to the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase in 2016 and the acquisition from PBF LLC of 50% of the issued and 
outstanding limited liability company interests of TVPC. 

General and Administrative Expenses— General and administrative expenses totaled $166.5 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2016, compared to $181.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, a decrease of 
$14.8 million or 8.2%. The decrease in general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2016 
over 2015 primarily relates to reduced employee related expenses of $39.3 million mainly due to lower incentive 
compensation  expenses,  partially  offset  by  $15.6  million  in  additional  outside  services  costs  to  support  our 
acquisitions and related integration activities, an increase of $9.2 million in equity compensation expense related 
to incremental grants in 2016 and accelerated vesting of awards due to retirements, as well as increased expenses 
of $3.1 million at PBFX, primarily as a result of the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase. Our general and administrative 
expenses are comprised of the personnel, facilities and other infrastructure costs necessary to support our refineries.

Loss  (gain)  on  Sale  of Assets— There  was  a  loss  of  $11.4  million  on  sale  of  assets  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2016 relating to the sale of non-refining assets as compared to a gain of $1.0 million for the year 
ended December 31, 2015 which related to the sale of railcars which were subsequently leased back. 

Depreciation and Amortization Expense— Depreciation and amortization expense totaled $222.2 million
for the year ended December 31, 2016, compared to $197.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, an 
increase of $24.8 million. The increase was a result of additional depreciation expense associated with the assets 
acquired in the Chalmette and Torrance Acquisitions and the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase, and a general increase 
in our fixed asset base due to capital projects and turnarounds completed during 2016 and 2015.

76

Change in Tax Receivable Agreement Liability— Change in the tax receivable agreement liability for the 
year ended December 31, 2016 represented a gain of $12.9 million as compared to a gain of $18.2 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2015.

Change in Fair Value of Catalyst Leases— Change in the fair value of catalyst leases represented a gain of 
$1.4  million  for  the  year  ended  December 31,  2016,  compared  to  a  gain  of  $10.2  million  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2015. These  gains relate to the change in value of the precious metals underlying the sale and 
leaseback of our refineries’ precious metals catalyst, which we are obligated to return or repurchase at fair market 
value on the lease termination dates. 

Interest  Expense,  net—  Interest  expense  totaled  $150.0  million  for  the  year  ended  December 31,  2016, 
compared to $106.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2015, an increase of $43.8 million. This increase is 
mainly  attributable  to  higher  interest  costs  associated  with  the  issuance  of  the  2023  Senior  Secured  Notes  in 
November 2015 and the drawdown on our Revolving Loan to partially fund the Torrance Acquisition in July 2016, 
partially offset by lower letter of credit fees. Interest expense includes interest on long-term debt including the 
PBFX  credit  facilities,  costs  related  to  the  sale  and  leaseback  of  our  precious  metals  catalyst,  financing  costs 
associated with the A&R Inventory Intermediation Agreements with J. Aron, letter of credit fees associated with 
the purchase of certain crude oils, and the amortization of deferred financing costs.

Income Tax Expense— PBF LLC is organized as a limited liability company and PBFX is a master limited 
partnership, both of which are treated as “flow-through” entities for federal income tax purposes and therefore are 
not subject to income tax, although certain subsidiaries of PBF Holding that are treated as C-Corporations for 
income tax purposes may have an income tax expense with respect to their income and gain, if any. The members 
of PBF LLC are required to include their proportionate share of PBF LLC’s taxable income or loss, which includes 
PBF LLC’s allocable share of PBFX’s pre-tax income or loss, on their respective tax returns. PBF LLC generally 
makes distributions to its members, per the terms of PBF LLC's amended and restated limited liability company 
agreement, related to such taxes on a pro-rata basis. PBF Energy recognizes an income tax expense or benefit in 
our consolidated financial statements based on PBF Energy's allocable share of PBF LLC’s pre-tax income or loss, 
which was approximately 95.3% and 94.0%, on a weighted-average basis for the years ended December 31, 2016
and 2015, respectively. PBF Energy's consolidated financial statements do not reflect any benefit or provision for 
income  taxes  on  the  pre-tax  income  or  loss  attributable  to  the  noncontrolling  interests  in  PBF  LLC  or  PBFX 
(although, as described above, PBF LLC must make tax distributions to all its members on a pro-rata basis). PBF 
Energy's effective tax rate, excluding the impact of noncontrolling interest, for the years ended December 31, 2016
and 2015 was 37.9% and 30.7%, respectively, reflecting tax adjustments for discrete items and the impact of tax 
return to income tax provision adjustments.

Noncontrolling Interests— PBF Energy is the sole managing member of, and has a controlling interest in, 
PBF LLC. As the sole managing member of PBF LLC, PBF Energy operates and controls all of the business and 
affairs  of  PBF  LLC  and  its  subsidiaries.  PBF  Energy  consolidates  the  financial  results  of  PBF  LLC  and  its 
subsidiaries, including PBFX. With respect to the consolidation of PBF LLC, the Company records a noncontrolling 
interest for the economic interest in PBF LLC held by members other than PBF Energy, and with respect to the 
consolidation of PBFX, the Company records a noncontrolling interest for the economic interests in PBFX held 
by the public unit holders of PBFX, and with respect to the consolidation of PBF Holding, the Company records 
a 20% noncontrolling interest for the ownership interests in two subsidiaries of Chalmette Refining held by a third 
party. The total noncontrolling interest on the consolidated statement of operations represents the portion of the 
Company’s earnings or loss attributable to the economic interests held by members of PBF Energy other than PBF 
Energy and by the public common unit holders of PBFX and by the third party holder of certain of Chalmette 
Refining's  subsidiaries.  The  total  noncontrolling  interest  on  the  balance  sheet  represents  the  portion  of  the 
Company’s net assets attributable to the economic interests held by the members of PBF LLC other than PBF 
Energy, by the public common unit holders of PBFX and by the third party stockholder of T&M Terminal Company 
and  Collins  Pipeline  Company.  PBF  Energy's  weighted-average  equity  noncontrolling  interest  ownership 
percentage in PBF LLC for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 was approximately 4.7% and 6.0%, 
respectively. The carrying amount of the noncontrolling interest on our consolidated balance sheet attributable to 

77

the noncontrolling interest is not equal to the noncontrolling interest ownership percentage due to the effect of 
income taxes and related agreements that pertain solely to PBF Energy.

2015 Compared to 2014 

Overview—Net income for PBF Energy was $195.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared 
to $78.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. Net income attributable to PBF Energy was $146.4 million, 
or  $1.65  per  diluted  share  ($1.65  per  share  on  a  fully  exchanged,  fully  diluted  basis  based  on  adjusted  fully-
converted net income, or $4.27 per share on a fully exchanged, fully diluted basis based on adjusted fully-converted 
net income excluding special items, as described below in Non-GAAP Financial Measures), for the year ended 
December 31, 2015 compared to net loss attributable to PBF Energy of $38.2 million, or $0.51 per diluted share 
($0.24 net income per share on a fully exchanged, fully diluted basis based on adjusted fully-converted net income, 
or $4.50 net income per share on a fully exchanged, fully diluted basis based in adjusted fully-converted net income 
excluding special items, as described below in Non-GAAP Financial Measures), for the year ended December 31, 
2014. The net income attributable to PBF Energy represents PBF Energy’s equity interest in PBF LLC's pre-tax 
income (loss), less applicable income taxes. PBF's Energy's weighted-average equity interest in PBF LLC was 
94.0% and 77.9% for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Our results for the year ended December 31, 2015 were negatively impacted by a non-cash special item 
consisting of a pre-tax inventory LCM adjustment of approximately $427.2 million or $258.0 million net of tax 
whereas our results for the year ended December 31, 2014 were negatively impacted by a pre-tax inventory LCM 
adjustment of approximately $690.1 million or $412.7 million net of tax. These LCM charges were recorded due 
to significant declines in the price of crude oil and refined products in 2015 and 2014. Our throughput rates during 
the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to December 31, 2014 were higher due to the acquisition of the 
Chalmette refinery on November 1, 2015 as well as an approximate 40-day plant-wide planned turnaround at our 
Toledo Refinery completed in the fourth quarter of 2014. Our results for the year ended December 31, 2015 were 
positively impacted by higher throughput volumes, lower non-cash special items for LCM charges and higher 
crack spreads for the East Coast and in the Mid-Continent, partially offset by unfavorable movements in certain 
crude differentials.  

Revenues— Revenues totaled $13.1 billion for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared to $19.8 billion
for the year ended December 31, 2014, a decrease of approximately $6.7 billion, or 33.8%. Revenue per barrel 
were $69.66 and $119.89 for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively, a decrease of 41.9%
directly related to lower hydrocarbon commodity prices. For the year ended December 31, 2015, the total throughput 
rates  in  the  East  Coast  and  Mid-Continent  refineries  averaged  approximately  330,700  bpd  and  153,800  bpd, 
respectively. For the period from its acquisition on November 1, 2015 through December 31, 2015, our Gulf Coast 
refinery's throughput averaged 190,800 bpd. For the year ended December 31, 2014, the total throughput rates at 
our East Coast and Mid-Continent refineries averaged approximately 325,300 bpd and 127,800 bpd, respectively. 
The increase in throughput rates at our East Coast refineries in 2015 compared to 2014 was primarily due to higher 
run rates as a result of favorable market economics partially offset by unplanned downtime at our Delaware City 
refinery in 2015. The increase in throughput rates at our Mid-Continent refinery in 2015 compared to 2014 was 
primarily due to an approximate 40-day plant-wide planned turnaround completed in the fourth quarter of 2014. 
For the year ended December 31, 2015, the total refined product barrels sold at our East Coast and Mid-Continent 
refineries averaged approximately 366,100 bpd and 162,600 bpd, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 
2014, the total refined product barrels sold at our East Coast and Mid-Continent refineries averaged approximately 
350,800 bpd and 144,100 bpd, respectively. For the period from its acquisition on November 1, 2015 through 
December 31, 2015, the total refined product barrels sold at our Gulf Coast refinery averaged 216,100 bpd. Total 
refined product barrels sold were higher than throughput rates, reflecting sales from inventory as well as sales and 
purchases of refined products outside the refinery.

Gross  Margin—  Gross  margin,  including  refinery  operating  expenses  and  depreciation,  totaled  $571.5 
million, or $3.03 per barrel of throughput, for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $308.4 million, or 
$1.86 per barrel of throughput, for the year ended December 31, 2014, an increase of $263.1 million. Gross refining 
margin  (as  defined  below  in  Non-GAAP  Financial  Measures)  totaled  $1,512.3  million,  or  $8.02  per  barrel  of 
78

throughput ($1,939.6 million or $10.29 per barrel of throughput excluding the impact of special items) for the year 
ended December 31, 2015 compared to $1,314.1 million, or $7.94 per barrel of throughput ($2,004.2 million or 
$12.11 per barrel of throughput excluding the impact of special items), for the year ended December 31, 2014, an 
increase of approximately $198.2 million or a decrease of approximately $64.6 million excluding special items. 
Excluding the impact of special items, gross margin was relatively consistent with the prior year. Excluding the 
impact of special items, gross refining margin decreased due to the narrowing of certain crude differentials partially 
offset by higher throughput rates, reflecting the impact from the Chalmette Acquisition, and favorable movements 
in crack spreads. 

Average industry refining margins in the U.S. Mid-Continent were generally improved during the year ended 
December 31, 2015, as compared to the same period in 2014. The WTI (Chicago) 4-3-1 industry crack spread was 
approximately $17.91 per barrel or 12.5% higher in the year ended December 31, 2015, as compared to the same 
period in 2014. The price of WTI versus Dated Brent and other crude discounts narrowed during the year ended 
December 31, 2015, and our refinery specific crude slate in the Mid-Continent faced an adverse WTI/Syncrude 
differential, which averaged a premium of $1.45 per barrel for the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared to 
a discount of $2.25 per barrel in the same period in 2014. 

The Dated Brent (NYH) 2-1-1 industry crack spread was approximately $16.35 per barrel, or 26.5% higher, 
in the year ended December 31, 2015, as compared to the same period in 2014. However, the WTI/Dated Brent 
differential was $1.81 lower in the year ended December 31, 2015, as compared to the same period in 2014, and 
the WTI/Bakken differential was $2.58 per barrel less favorable for the same periods. The Dated Brent/Maya 
differential was approximately $4.63 per barrel less favorable in the year ended December 31, 2015 as compared 
to the same period in 2014. Additionally, the decrease in the Dated Brent/Maya crude differential, our proxy for 
the light/heavy crude differential, had a negative impact on our East Coast refineries, which can process a large 
slate of medium and heavy, sour crude oil that is priced at a discount to light, sweet crude oil. However, the lower 
flat price of crude oil during 2015 as compared to 2014 resulted in improved margins on certain lower value 
products we produce. 

Operating Expenses— Operating expenses totaled $904.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2015
compared to $883.1 million, or $5.34 per barrel of throughput, for the year ended December 31, 2014, an increase
of $21.4 million, or 2.4%. Of the total $904.5 million of operating expenses, approximately $889.4 million, or 
$4.72 per barrel of throughput, related to expenses incurred by the Refining segment, while the remaining $15.1
million  related  to  expenses  incurred  by  the  Logistics  segment.  The  increase  in  operating  expenses  is  mainly 
attributable to an increase of approximately $45.8 million in maintenance cost primarily driven by the Chalmette 
Acquisition in 2015 and general repairs at the Delaware City and Paulsboro refineries, an increase $17.3 million 
in employee compensation primarily driven by additional headcount and $14.9 million of increased catalyst and 
chemicals costs partially offset by reduced energy costs of $64.4 million due to lower natural gas prices. Although 
operating expenses increased on an overall basis, refinery operating expenses per barrel decreased as a result of 
higher  throughput  volumes.  Our  operating  expenses  principally  consist  of  salaries  and  employee  benefits, 
maintenance,  energy  and  catalyst  and  chemicals  costs  at  our  refineries. The  operating  expenses  related  to  the 
Logistics segment consist of costs related to the operation and maintenance of PBFX's assets subsequent to the 
PBFX Offering and asset acquisitions from PBF Energy.

General and Administrative Expenses— General and administrative expenses totaled $181.3 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $146.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, an increase
of $34.6 million or 23.6%. The increase in general and administrative expenses primarily relates to higher employee 
compensation expense of $13.3 million, mainly related to higher headcount and incentive compensation, higher 
equity compensation expense of $4.4 million, higher outside services fees of $3.0 million related to professional, 
legal and engineering consultants attributable to the Chalmette Acquisition and higher expenses associated with 
PBFX. Our general and administrative expenses are comprised of the personnel, facilities and other infrastructure 
costs necessary to support our refineries. 

79

Gain on Sale of Assets— Gain on sale of assets for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $1.0 million 
which related to the sale of railcars which were subsequently leased back to us, compared to a gain of $0.9 million
for the year ended December 31, 2014, for the sale of railcars. 

Depreciation and Amortization Expense— Depreciation and amortization expense totaled $197.4 million
for the year ended December 31, 2015, compared to $180.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, an 
increase of $17.0 million. The increase was largely driven by our increased fixed asset base due to capital projects 
and turnarounds completed during 2014 and 2015 as well as the acquisition of the Chalmette refinery in 2015. 
These general increases were partially offset by reduction in impairment charges. In 2014, we recorded a $28.5
million impairment related to an abandoned capital project at our Delaware City refinery during the year whereas 
we did not record any significant impairment charges in the year ended December 31, 2015. 

Change in Tax Receivable Agreement Liability— Change in the tax receivable agreement liability for the 
year ended December 31, 2015 represented a gain of $18.2 million as compared to a gain of $3.0 million for the 
year ended December 31, 2014.

Change in Fair Value of Catalyst Leases— Change in the fair value of catalyst leases represented a gain of 
$10.2  million  for  the  year  ended  December 31,  2015,  compared  to  a  gain  of  $4.0  million  for  the  year  ended 
December 31,  2014. These  gains  relate  to  the  change  in  value  of  the  precious  metals  underlying  the  sale  and 
leaseback of our refineries’ precious metals catalyst, which we are obligated to return or repurchase at fair market 
value on the lease termination dates. 

Interest  Expense,  net—  Interest  expense  totaled  $106.2  million  for  the  year  ended  December 31,  2015, 
compared to $98.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2014, an increase of $7.4 million. This increase is 
mainly attributable to higher interest costs associated with the issuance of the PBFX Senior Notes in May 2015, 
partially offset by the termination of our crude and feedstock supply agreement with MSCG, effective July 31, 
2014. Interest expense includes interest on long-term debt including the Senior Secured Notes, the PBFX Senior 
Notes and credit facilities, costs related to the sale and leaseback of our precious metals catalyst, interest expense 
incurred in connection with our crude and feedstock supply agreement with Statoil up to its expiration on December 
31, 2015, financing costs associated with the Inventory Intermediation Agreements with J. Aron, letter of credit 
fees associated with the purchase of certain crude oils, and the amortization of deferred financing costs.

Income Tax Expense— PBF LLC is organized as a limited liability company and PBFX is a master limited 
partnership, both of which are treated as "flow-through" entities for federal income tax purposes and therefore are 
not subject to income tax. However, the members of PBF LLC are required to include their proportionate share of 
PBF LLC’s taxable income or loss, which includes PBF LLC’s allocable share of PBFX’s pre-tax income or loss, 
on their respective tax returns. PBF LLC generally makes distributions to its members, per the terms of the PBF 
LLC amended and restated limited liability company agreement, related to such taxes on a pro-rata basis. PBF 
Energy recognizes an income tax expense or benefit in our consolidated financial statements based on PBF Energy's 
allocable share of PBF LLC’s pre-tax income or loss, which was approximately 94.0% and 77.9%, on a weighted-
average basis for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively. PBF Energy's consolidated financial 
statements do not reflect any benefit or provision for income taxes on the pre-tax income or loss attributable to the 
noncontrolling interests in PBF LLC or PBFX (although, as described above, PBF LLC must make tax distributions 
to all its members on a pro-rata basis). PBF Energy's effective tax rate, excluding the impact of noncontrolling 
interest, for the years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was 30.7% and (40.1)%, respectively, reflecting tax 
benefit adjustments for discrete items related to changes in income tax provision estimates based on our income 
tax returns and changes in our effective state tax rates. The fluctuation in the effective tax rate is driven by the 
Company having increased operating income in foreign tax jurisdictions and a change in the effective tax rate 
calculations due to the Chalmette Acquisition on November 1, 2015, each of which was impacted by the non-cash 
LCM charge. 

Noncontrolling Interests— PBF Energy is the sole managing member of, and has a controlling interest in, 
PBF LLC. As the sole managing member of PBF LLC, PBF Energy operates and controls all of the business and 
affairs  of  PBF  LLC  and  its  subsidiaries.  PBF  Energy  consolidates  the  financial  results  of  PBF  LLC  and  its 
80

subsidiaries, including PBFX and PBF Holding. With respect to the consolidation of PBF LLC, the Company 
records a noncontrolling interest for the economic interest in PBF LLC held by members other than PBF Energy, 
with respect to the consolidation of PBFX, the Company records a noncontrolling interest for the economic interests 
in PBFX held by the public unit holders of PBFX, and with respect to the consolidation of PBF Holding, the 
Company records a 20% noncontrolling interest for the ownership interest in two subsidiaries of Chalmette Refining 
held by a third party. The total noncontrolling interest on the consolidated statement of operations represents the 
portion of the Company’s earnings or loss attributable to the economic interests held by members of PBF LLC 
other than PBF Energy, by the public common unit holders of PBFX and by the third party holder of Chalmette 
Refining's  subsidiaries.  The  total  noncontrolling  interest  on  the  balance  sheet  represents  the  portion  of  the 
Company’s net assets attributable to the economic interests held by the members of PBF LLC other than PBF 
Energy,  by  the  public  common  unit  holders  of  PBFX  and  by  the  third  party  holder  of  Chalmette  Refining's 
subsidiaries. PBF Energy's weighted-average equity noncontrolling interest ownership percentage in PBF LLC for 
years ended December 31, 2015 and 2014 was approximately 6.0% and 22.1%, respectively. The carrying amount 
of the noncontrolling interest on our consolidated balance sheet attributable to the noncontrolling interest is not 
equal to the noncontrolling interest ownership percentage due to the effect of income taxes and related agreements 
that pertain solely to PBF Energy.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures

Management uses certain financial measures to evaluate our operating performance that are calculated and 
presented on the basis of methodologies other than in accordance with GAAP ("non-GAAP"). These measures 
should not be considered a substitute for, or superior to, measures of financial performance prepared in accordance 
with U.S. GAAP, and our calculations thereof may not be comparable to similarly entitled measures reported by 
other companies.

Special Items

The non-GAAP measures presented include Adjusted Fully-Converted net income excluding special items, 
EBITDA excluding special items, and gross refining margin excluding special items. The special items for the 
periods presented relate to an LCM adjustment and changes in the tax receivable agreement liability. LCM is a 
GAAP guideline related to inventory valuation that requires inventory to be stated at the lower of cost or market. 
Our inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined by the last-in, first-out (“LIFO”) 
inventory  valuation  methodology,  in  which  the  most  recently  incurred  costs  are  charged  to  cost  of  sales  and 
inventories are valued at base layer acquisition costs. Market is determined based on an assessment of the current 
estimated replacement cost and net realizable selling price of the inventory. In periods where the market price of 
our inventory declines substantially, cost values of inventory may exceed market values. In such instances, we 
record an adjustment to write down the value of inventory to market value in accordance with GAAP. In subsequent 
periods, the value of inventory is reassessed and a LCM adjustment is recorded to reflect the net change in the 
LCM inventory reserve between the prior period and the current period. Changes in the tax receivable agreement 
liability reflect charges or benefits attributable to changes in our obligation under the tax receivable agreement due 
to factors out of our control such as changes in tax rates. Although we believe that non-GAAP financial measures, 
excluding the impact of special items, provide useful supplemental information to investors regarding the results 
and performance of our business and allow for helpful period-over-period comparisons, such non-GAAP measures 
should only be considered as a supplement to, and not as a substitute for, or superior to, the financial measures 
prepared in accordance with GAAP.

Adjusted Fully-Converted Net Income (Loss)

PBF  Energy  utilizes  results  presented  on  an Adjusted  Fully-Converted  basis  that  reflects  an  assumed 
exchange of all PBF LLC Series A Units for shares of Class A common stock of PBF Energy. We believe that these 
Adjusted Fully-Converted measures, when presented in conjunction with comparable GAAP measures, are useful 
to  investors  to  compare  PBF  Energy  results  across  different  periods  and  to  facilitate  an  understanding  of  our 
operating results. Adjusted Fully-Converted Net Income (loss) should not be considered an alternative to net income 
(loss)  presented  in  accordance  with  GAAP. Adjusted  Fully-Converted  Net  Income  (loss)  presented  by  other 

81

companies may not be comparable to our presentation, since each company may define this term differently. The 
differences between Adjusted Fully-Converted and GAAP results are as follows: 

1

2

Assumed exchange of all PBF LLC Series A Units for shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock. As 
a result of the assumed exchange of all PBF LLC Series A Units, the noncontrolling interest related to 
these units is converted to controlling interest. Management believes that it is useful to provide the per-
share effect associated with the assumed exchange of all PBF LLC Series A Units.

Income Taxes. Prior to PBF Energy's IPO, we were organized as a limited liability company treated as a 
“flow-through” entity for income tax purposes, and even after PBF Energy's IPO, not all of our earnings 
are subject to corporate-level income taxes. Adjustments have been made to the Adjusted Fully-Converted 
tax provisions and earnings to assume that we had adopted our post-IPO corporate tax structure for all 
periods presented and are taxed as a C corporation in the U.S. at the prevailing corporate rates. These 
assumptions are consistent with the assumption in clause 1 above that all PBF LLC Series A Units are 
exchanged for shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock, as the assumed exchange would change the 
amount of our earnings that is subject to corporate income tax.

82

The following table reconciles our Adjusted Fully-Converted results with our results presented in 

accordance with GAAP for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014:

Net income (loss) attributable to PBF Energy Inc.
stockholders

Add: Net income attributable to the 
noncontrolling interest(1)
Less: Income tax (expense) benefit(2)
Adjusted fully-converted net income

Special Items:

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

$

170,811

$

146,401

$

(38,237)

14,903
(5,821)
179,893

$

14,257
(5,646)
155,012

$

101,768
(40,911)
22,620

$

Add: Non-cash LCM inventory adjustment(3)
Add: Change in tax receivable agreement liability(3)
Less: Recomputed income taxes on special item(3)
Adjusted fully-converted net (loss) income excluding
special items

(521,348)
(12,908)
208,686

427,226
(18,150)
(161,994)

690,110
(2,990)
(276,222)

$

(145,677) $

402,094

$

433,518

Weighted-average shares outstanding of PBF Energy Inc.

98,334,302

88,106,999

74,464,494

Conversion of PBF LLC Series A Units (5)
Common stock equivalents (4)

4,865,133

5,530,568

21,249,314

407,274

501,283

517,638

Adjusted fully-converted shares outstanding—diluted

103,606,709

94,138,850

96,231,446

Diluted net income (loss) per share
Adjusted fully-converted net income (per fully exchanged,
fully diluted shares outstanding)
Adjusted fully-converted net (loss) income excluding
special items (per fully exchanged, fully diluted shares
outstanding)

$

$

$

1.74

1.74

$

$

1.65

1.65

$

$

(0.51)

0.24

(1.41) $

4.27

$

4.50

83

 
 
 
(1) Represents the elimination of the noncontrolling interest associated with the ownership by the members of 
PBF LLC other than PBF Energy as if such members had fully exchanged their PBF LLC Series A Units 
for shares of PBF Energy's Class A common stock.

(2) Represents an adjustment to apply PBF Energy's statutory tax rate of approximately 39.1%, 39.6% and 
40.2% for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively, to the noncontrolling interest. 
The adjustment assumes the full exchange of existing PBF LLC Series A Units as described in (1) above.
(3) During the year ended December 31, 2016, we recorded an adjustment to value our inventories to the lower 
of cost or market which resulted in a net pre-tax benefit of $521.3 million reflecting the change in the lower 
of  cost  or  market  inventory  reserve  from  $1,117.3  million  at  December  31,  2015  to  $596.0  million  at 
December 31, 2016. During the year December 31, 2015, we recorded an adjustment to value our inventory 
to the lower of cost or market which resulted in a net pre-tax charge of $427.2 million reflecting the change 
in the lower of cost or market inventory reserve from $690.1 million at December 31, 2014 to $1,117.3 
million at December 31, 2015. During the year December 31, 2014, we recorded an adjustment to value 
our inventory to the lower of cost or market which resulted in a net pre-tax charge of $690.1 million.The 
net impact of these LCM inventory adjustments are included in the Refining segment's operating income, 
but  are  excluded  from  the  operating  results  presented  in  the  table  in  order  to  make  such  information 
comparable between periods. 

We also recorded pre-tax adjustments related to the change in the tax receivable agreement liability of $12.9 
million, $18.2 million and $3.0 for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Income taxes related to the net LCM adjustment and the change in tax receivable agreement liability were 
recalculated using our statutory corporate tax rate of approximately 39.1%, 39.6% and 40.2% for the years 
ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. 

(4) Represents weighted-average diluted shares outstanding assuming the conversion of all common stock 
equivalents, including options and warrants for PBF LLC Series A Units and options for shares of PBF 
Energy Class A common stock as calculated under the treasury stock method for the years ended December 
31, 2016, 2015 and 2014. Common stock equivalents exclude the effects of options to purchase 5,701,750, 
2,943,750 and 2,401,875 shares of PBF Energy's Class A common stock because they are anti-dilutive for 
the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

(5) Represents an adjustment to weighted-average diluted shares to assume the full exchange of existing PBF 

LLC Series A Units and common stock equivalents as described in (1) above.

Gross Refining Margin

Gross  refining  margin  is  defined  as  gross  margin  excluding  refinery  depreciation,  refinery  operating 
expenses, and gross margin of PBFX. We believe gross refining margin is an important measure of operating 
performance and provides useful information to investors because it is a helpful metric comparison to the industry 
refining margin benchmarks, as the refining margin benchmarks do not include a charge for refinery operating 
expenses and depreciation. In order to assess our operating performance, we compare our gross refining margin 
(revenue less cost of sales) to industry refining margin benchmarks and crude oil prices as defined in the table 
below.

Gross refining margin should not be considered an alternative to gross margin, operating income, net cash 
flows from operating activities or any other measure of financial performance or liquidity presented in accordance 
with GAAP. Gross refining margin presented by other companies may not be comparable to our presentation, since 
each company may define this term differently. The following table presents a reconciliation of gross refining 
margin to the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, gross margin, on a historical basis, as applicable, 
for each of the periods indicated:

84

Reconciliation of gross margin to
gross refining margin:

Gross margin

Less: Revenues of PBFX

Add: Affiliate Cost of sales of
PBFX

Add: Refinery operating
expenses

Add: Refinery depreciation
expense

Gross refining margin

Special Items:

Add: Non-cash LCM inventory 
adjustment (1)

Gross refining margin excluding
special items

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

$

per barrel of
throughput

$

per barrel of
throughput

$

per barrel of
throughput

$

727,496 $

2.73

$

571,524 $

3.03

$ 308,399 $

(187,335)

(0.70)

(138,719)

(0.74)

(49,830)

8,701

1,390,582

204,005

0.03

5.22

0.77

8,734

0.05

6,979

889,368

4.72

883,140

181,423

0.96

165,413

$ 2,143,449 $

8.05

$ 1,512,330 $

8.02

$1,314,101 $

1.86

(0.30)

0.04

5.34

1.00

7.94

(521,348)

(1.96)

427,226

2.27

690,110

4.17

$ 1,622,101 $

6.09

$ 1,939,556 $

10.29

$2,004,211 $

12.11

(1) During the year ended December 31, 2016, we recorded an adjustment to value our inventories to the lower 
of cost or market which resulted in a net pre-tax benefit of $521.3 million reflecting the change in the lower of 
cost or market inventory reserve from $1,117.3 million at December 31, 2015 to $596.0 million at December 31, 
2016. During the year ended December 31, 2015, we recorded an adjustment to value our inventories to the lower 
of cost or market which resulted in a net pre-tax charge of $427.2 million reflecting the change in the lower of 
cost or market inventory reserve from $690.1 million at December 31, 2014 to $1,117.3 million at December 31, 
2015. During the year ended December 31, 2014, we recorded an adjustment to value our inventory to the lower 
of cost or market which resulted in a net pre-tax charge of $690.1 million. The net impact of these LCM inventory 
adjustments are included in the Refining segment's operating income, but are excluded from the operating results 
presented in the table in order to make such information comparable between periods. 

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA

Our management uses EBITDA (earnings before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization) and 
Adjusted EBITDA as measures of operating performance to assist in comparing performance from period to period 
on  a  consistent  basis  and  to  readily  view  operating  trends,  as  a  measure  for  planning  and  forecasting  overall 
expectations and for evaluating actual results against such expectations, and in communications with our board of 
directors, creditors, analysts and investors concerning our financial performance. Our outstanding indebtedness 
for borrowed money and other contractual obligations also include similar measures as a basis for certain covenants 
under those agreements which may differ from the Adjusted EBITDA definition described below.

EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not presentations made in accordance with GAAP and our computation 
of EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA may vary from others in our industry. In addition, Adjusted EBITDA contains 
some, but not all, adjustments that are taken into account in the calculation of the components of various covenants 
in the agreements governing the Senior Secured Notes and other credit facilities. EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA 
should not be considered as alternatives to operating income (loss) or net income (loss) as measures of operating 
performance. In addition, EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA are not presented as, and should not be considered, an 
alternative to cash flows from operations as a measure of liquidity. Adjusted EBITDA is defined as EBITDA before 
adjustments for items such as equity-based compensation expense, gains (losses) from certain derivative activities 
and contingent consideration, the non-cash change in the deferral of gross profit related to the sale of certain 
finished products, the write down of inventory to the LCM, changes in the liability for tax receivable agreement 
due to factors out of our control such as changes in tax rates and certain other non-cash items. Other companies, 

85

including other companies in our industry, may calculate EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA differently than we do, 
limiting  their  usefulness  as  comparative  measures.  EBITDA  and Adjusted  EBITDA  also  have  limitations  as 
analytical tools and should not be considered in isolation, or as a substitute for analysis of our results as reported 
under GAAP. Some of these limitations include that EBITDA and Adjusted EBITDA:

• does not reflect depreciation expense or our cash expenditures, or future requirements, for capital expenditures 

or contractual commitments;

• does not reflect changes in, or cash requirements for, our working capital needs;

• does  not  reflect  our  interest  expense,  or  the  cash  requirements  necessary  to  service  interest  or  principal 

payments, on our debt;

• does not reflect realized and unrealized gains and losses from certain hedging activities, which may have a 

substantial impact on our cash flow;

• does not reflect certain other non-cash income and expenses; and

• excludes income taxes that may represent a reduction in available cash.

The following tables reconcile net income as reflected in our results of operations to EBITDA and Adjusted 

EBITDA for the periods presented: 

Reconciliation of net income to EBITDA:

Net income

Add: Depreciation and amortization expense

Add: Interest expense, net

Add: Income tax expense (benefit)

EBITDA

  Special Items:

Add: Non-cash LCM inventory adjustment (1)

Add: Change in tax receivable agreement liability

EBITDA excluding special items

Reconciliation of EBITDA to Adjusted EBITDA:

EBITDA

Add: Stock based compensation

Add: Change in tax receivable agreement liability

Add: Non-cash change in fair value of catalyst lease
obligations

Add: Non-cash LCM inventory adjustment (1)

Adjusted EBITDA

Year Ended December 31,
2015

2014

2016

$

225,518

$

195,533

$

78,271

222,176

150,045

137,650

197,417

106,187

86,725

$

735,389

$

585,862

$

180,382

98,764
(22,412)
335,005

(521,348)
(12,908)
201,133

427,226
(18,150)
994,938

690,110
(2,990)
1,022,125

$

735,389
22,656
(12,908)

$

585,862
13,497
(18,150)

(1,422)
(521,348)
222,367

(10,184)
427,226

$

998,251

$ 1,025,337

335,005
7,181
(2,990)

(3,969)
690,110

$

$

$

(1) During the year ended December 31, 2016, we recorded an adjustment to value our inventories to the lower of 
cost or market which resulted in a net pre-tax benefit of $521.3 million reflecting the change in the lower of cost 
or market inventory reserve from $1,117.3 million at December 31, 2015 to $596.0 million at December 31, 2016. 
During the year ended December 31, 2015, we recorded an adjustment to value our inventories to the lower of 
cost or market which resulted in a net pre-tax charge of $427.2 million reflecting the change in the lower of cost 
or market inventory reserve from $690.1 million at December 31, 2014 to $1,117.3 million at December 31, 2015. 
During the year ended December 31, 2014, we recorded an adjustment to value our inventory to the lower of cost 

86

or  market  which  resulted  in  a  net  pre-tax  charge  of  $690.1  million. The  net  impact  of  these  LCM  inventory 
adjustments are included in the Refining segment's operating income, but are excluded from the operating results 
presented in the table in order to make such information comparable between periods. 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Overview

Our primary sources of liquidity are our cash flows from operations and borrowing availability under our 
credit facilities, as more fully described below. We believe that our cash flows from operations and available capital 
resources will be sufficient to meet our and our subsidiaries capital expenditure, working capital, dividend payments, 
debt  service  and  share  repurchase  program  requirements,  as  well  as  our  obligations  under  the  tax  receivable 
agreement, for the next twelve months. On July 1, 2016, we closed the Torrance Acquisition with a combination 
of cash on hand, including proceeds from our October 2015 Equity Offering and our 2023 Senior Secured Notes 
Offering, and borrowings under our Revolving Loan. However, our ability to generate sufficient cash flow from 
operations depends, in part, on petroleum oil market pricing and general economic, political and other factors 
beyond our control. We are in compliance as of December 31, 2016 with all of the covenants, including financial 
covenants, in all of our debt agreements. 

Cash Flow Analysis

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Net cash provided by operating activities was $651.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared 
to net cash provided by operating activities of $560.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. Our operating 
cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2016 included our net income of $225.5 million, depreciation and 
amortization of $232.9 million, deferred income tax expense of $244.8 million, the change in the fair value of our 
inventory repurchase obligations of $29.5 million, pension and other post-retirement benefits costs of $38.0 million, 
stock-based compensation of $22.7 million and a loss on the sale of assets of $11.4 million, partially offset by net 
non-cash benefits relating to an LCM adjustment of $521.3 million, change in the tax receivable agreement liability 
of $12.9 million and changes in the fair value of our catalyst lease of $1.4 million. In addition, net changes in 
working  capital  reflected  sources  of  cash  of  approximately  $382.9  million  driven  by  the  timing  of  inventory 
purchases,  payments  for  accrued  expenses  and  accounts  payable  and  collections  of  accounts  receivable.  Our 
operating cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2015 included our net income of $195.5 million, plus net 
non-cash charges relating to an LCM adjustment of $427.2 million, depreciation and amortization of $207.0 million, 
the change in the fair value of our inventory repurchase obligations of $63.4 million, pension and other post-
retirement benefits of $27.0 million, and equity-based compensation of $13.5 million, partially offset by change 
in deferred income taxes of $5.6 million, changes in the fair value of our catalyst lease of $10.2 million, change 
in the tax receivable agreement liability of $18.2 million, and a gain on the sale of assets of $1.0 million. In addition, 
net changes in working capital reflected uses of cash of $338.3 million driven by the timing of inventory purchases, 
payments for accrued expenses and accounts payable and collections of accounts receivable. 

Net cash provided by operating activities was $560.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared 
to net cash provided by operating activities of $456.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. Our operating 
cash flows for the year ended December 31, 2014 included our net income of $78.3 million, plus net non-cash 
charges relating to an LCM adjustment of $690.1 million, depreciation and amortization of $188.2 million, pension 
and other post-retirement benefits of $22.6 million, and equity-based compensation of $7.2 million, partially offset 
by changes in fair value of our inventory repurchase obligations of $93.2 million, change in deferred income taxes 
of $49.4 million, change in the fair value of our catalyst lease of $4.0 million, change in the tax receivable agreement 
liability of $3.0 million, and a gain on sales of assets of $0.9 million. In addition, net changes in working capital 
reflected uses of cash of $379.6 million driven by the timing of inventory purchases, payments for accrued expenses 
and accounts payable and collections of accounts receivable. 

87

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $1,393.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared 
to $812.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. The net cash flows used in investing activities for the 
year  ended  December 31,  2016  was  comprised  of  cash  outflows  of  $971.9  million  used  to  fund  the Torrance 
Acquisition,  capital  expenditures  totaling  $298.7  million,  expenditures  for  turnarounds  of  $198.7  million, 
expenditures for other assets of $42.5 million, cash consideration of $98.4 million used to fund the PBFX Plains 
Asset Purchase, and a final net working capital settlement of $2.7 million associated with the acquisition of the 
Chalmette refinery, partially offset by $194.2 million of net maturities of marketable securities and $24.7 million
in proceeds from the sale of assets. Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2015
was comprised of $565.3 million used in the acquisition of the Chalmette refinery, capital expenditures totaling 
$354.0 million, expenditures for turnarounds of $53.6 million, and expenditures for other assets of $8.2 million, 
partially offset by $168.3 million in proceeds from the sale of assets and net proceeds from the sale of marketable 
securities of $0.7 million.

Net cash used in investing activities was $812.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared 
to net cash used in investing activities of $663.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. Net cash used in
investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2014 was comprised of capital expenditures totaling $476.4 
million, net purchases of marketable securities of $234.9 million, expenditures for turnarounds of $137.7 million, 
and expenditures for other assets of $17.3 million, partially offset by $202.7 million in proceeds from the sale of 
assets.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities was $544.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared 
to net cash provided by financing activities of $798.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2015. For the year
ended  December 31,  2016,  net  cash  provided  by  financing  activities  consisted  primarily  of  $138.4  million  in 
proceeds from the issuance of PBFX common units, net proceeds from the Revolving Loan of $350.0 million, 
$275.3 million in proceeds from the December 2016 Equity Offering, net proceeds from the PBFX Revolving 
Credit Facility of $164.7 million, proceeds from the PBF Rail Term Loan of $35.0 million and proceeds for catalyst 
leases of $15.6 million, partially offset by distributions and dividends of $172.2 million, repayments on the PBFX 
Term Loan of $194.5 million, repayments on the Rail Facility of $67.5 million and repurchases of our common 
stock in connection with tax withholding obligations upon the vesting of certain restricted stock awards totaling 
$0.7 million. For the year ended December 31, 2015, net cash provided by financing activities consisted primarily 
of $500.0 million in proceeds from the 2023 Senior Secured Notes, $350.0 million in proceeds from the PBFX 
Senior Notes, $344.0 million in proceeds from the October 2015 Equity Offering, and $30.1 million in net proceeds 
from the Rail Facility, partially offset by net repayments on the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility of $250.6 million, 
distributions and dividends of $148.8 million, deferred finance charges and other of $17.8 million, treasury stock 
purchases totaling $8.1 million and net repayments on the PBFX Term Loan of $0.7 million. 

Net cash provided by financing activities was $798.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2015 compared 
to net cash provided by financing activities of $528.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2014. For the year 
ended  December 31,  2014,  net  cash  provided  by  financing  activities  consisted  primarily  of  $341.0  million  in 
proceeds from the issuance of PBFX common units, $275.1 million in proceeds from the PBFX Revolver, $234.9 
million in net proceeds from the PBFX Term Loan, and $37.3 million in net proceeds from the Rail Facility, partially 
offset  by  distributions  and  dividends  of  $183.2  million,  treasury  stock  purchases  totaling  $142.7  million,  net 
repayments of Revolving Loan borrowings of $15.0 million,  deferred finance charges and other of $14.2 million, 
and $5.0 million of PBFX offering costs.

88

Capitalization

Our capital structure was comprised of the following as of December 31, 2016 (in millions):

December 31, 2016

Debt, including current maturities:

PBF Holding debt (1)

8.25% Senior Secured Notes due 2020

7.00% Senior Secured Notes due 2023

Revolving Loan

PBF Rail Term Loan

Catalyst leases

PBF Holding debt

PBFX debt

PBFX Revolving Credit Facility

PBFX Term Loan

6.875% PBFX Senior Notes due 2023

PBFX debt

Unamortized deferred financing costs

Total debt, net of unamortized deferred financing costs

Total Equity

Total Capitalization

Total Debt to Capitalization Ratio

$

$

670.9

500.0

350.0

35.0

46.0

1,601.9

189.2

39.7

350.0

578.9
(32.5)
2,148.3

2,570.7

4,719.0

46%

______
(1) Excludes intercompany debt that is eliminated at the PBF Energy level.

Our total debt, net of unamortized deferred financing costs to capitalization ratio was 46% and 47% at December 31, 
2016 and 2015, respectively. 

2016 Debt Transactions

As noted in "Note 10 - Credit Facility and Long-term Debt" to the consolidated financial statements, on 
December 22, 2016, the PBF Rail Facility was repaid in full and terminated in connection with the execution of a 
term loan (as described below).

On December 22, 2016, PBF Rail entered into a $35.0 million term loan (the “PBF Rail Term Loan”) with 
DVB Bank SE (“DVB”). The PBF Rail Term Loan amortizes monthly over its five year term and bears interest at 
the one month LIBOR plus 2.0%. As security for the PBF Rail Term Loan, PBF Rail pledged, among other things: 
(i) certain eligible railcars; (ii) the Debt Service Reserve Account; and (iii) PBF Holding's member interest in PBF 
Rail. Additionally,  the  PBF  Rail  Term  Loan  contains  customary  terms,  events  of  default  and  covenants  for 
transactions of this nature. PBF Rail may at any time repay the PBF Rail Term Loan without penalty in the event 
that railcars collateralizing the loan are sold, scrapped or otherwise removed from the collateral pool.

The 7.00% Senior Secured Notes due 2023 (the "2023 Senior Secured Notes") were issued on November 
24, 2015 and included a registration payment arrangement whereby we agreed to use commercially reasonable 
efforts to consummate an offer to exchange the 2023 Senior Secured Notes for an issue of registered notes with 
terms substantially identical to the notes not later than 365 days after the date of the original issuance of the notes. 
This registration statement was declared effective on December 1, 2016 and the exchange was consummated on 
January 19, 2017. Because the exchange offer was not consummated by November 24, 2016, additional interest 

89

was added at a rate of 0.25% per annum for the period from November 24, 2016 through the consummation of the 
exchange. As a result, we recognized approximately $0.1 million of additional interest expense in 2016.

During 2016, PBF Holding borrowed under its Revolving Loan to partially fund the Torrance Acquisition 
(as discussed in "Note 4 - Acquisitions"). Additionally, during 2016, PBFX borowed under the PBFX Revolving 
Credit Agreement to partially fund the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase (as discussed in "Note 4 - Acquisitions") and 
its acquisition of TVPC (as discussed in "Note 3- PBF Logistics LP"). 

Revolving Credit Facilities Overview

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows from operations with additional sources available under 
borrowing capacity from our revolving lines of credit. As of December 31, 2016, we had $746.3 million of cash 
and cash equivalents, $350.0 million outstanding under the PBF Holding Revolving Loan and $189.2 million
outstanding under the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility. We believe available capital resources will be adequate to 
meet our capital expenditure, working capital and debt service requirements. We had available capacity under 
revolving credit facilities as follows at December 31, 2016 (in millions):

Total Capacity

Amount Borrowed as
of December 31, 2016

Outstanding
Letters of Credit

Available
Capacity

Expiration date

PBF Holding Revolving Loan (a)

PBFX Revolving Credit Facility

Total Credit Facilities

$

$

2,635.0

$

360.0

2,995.0

$

350.0

$

189.2

539.2

$

412.0

3.6

415.6

$

$

$

534.6

167.2

701.8

August 2019

May 2019

(a)    

The amount available for borrowings and letters of credit under the Revolving Loan is calculated according to a “borrowing base” 
formula based on (i) 90% of the book value of eligible accounts receivable with respect to investment grade obligors plus (ii) 85% 
of the book value of eligible accounts receivable with respect to non-investment grade obligors plus (iii) 80% of the cost of eligible 
hydrocarbon inventory plus (iv) 100% of cash and cash equivalents in deposit accounts subject to a control agreement. The borrowing 
base is subject to customary reserves and eligibility criteria and in any event cannot exceed $2.635 billion.

Additional Information on Indebtedness

Our  debt,  including  our  revolving  credit  facilities,  term  loans  and  senior  notes,  include  certain  typical 
financial covenants and restrictions on our subsidiaries' ability to, among other things, incur or guarantee new debt, 
engage in certain business activities including transactions with affiliates and asset sales, make investments or 
distributions, engage in mergers or pay dividends in certain circumstances. These covenants are subject to a number 
of important exceptions and qualifications. For further discussion of our indebtedness and these covenants and 
restrictions, see "Note 10 - Credit Facilities and Long Term Debt" in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements 
included in this annual report.

PBF Holding and PBFX are in compliance with their respective covenants as of December 31, 2016.

Cash Balances

As of December 31, 2016, our cash and cash equivalents totaled $746.3 million. 

Liquidity

As of December 31, 2016, our total liquidity was approximately $1,280.9 million, compared to total liquidity 
of  approximately  $1,544.1  million  as  of  December 31,  2015. Total  liquidity  is  the  sum  of  our  cash  and  cash 
equivalents plus the estimated amount of availability under the Revolving Loan. In addition, as of December 31, 
2016, PBFX had approximately $167.2 million of borrowing capacity under the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility 
which is available to fund working capital, acquisitions, distributions and capital expenditures and for other general 
corporate purposes.

90

Share Repurchases

Our Board of Directors has authorized the repurchase of up to $300.0 million of our Class A common stock, 
which expires on September 30, 2018. As of December 31, 2016 we have purchased approximately 6.05 million
shares of the Company's Class A common stock under the Repurchase Program for $150.8 million through open 
market transactions. No repurchases of our Class A common stock were made during the year ended December 31, 
2016. We currently have the ability to purchase approximately an additional $149.2 million in common stock under 
the approved Repurchased Program.

These  repurchases  may  be  made  from  time  to  time  through  various  methods,  including  open  market 
transactions, block trades, accelerated share repurchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, certain of 
which may be effected through Rule 10b5-1 and Rule 10b-18 plans. The timing and number of shares repurchased 
will depend on a variety of factors, including price, capital availability, legal requirements and economic and market 
conditions. We are not obligated to purchase any shares under the Repurchase Program, and repurchases may be 
suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice.

Working Capital

Working capital for PBF Energy at December 31, 2016 was $1,350.7 million, consisting of $3,407.3 million 
in total current assets and $2,056.5 million in total current liabilities. Working capital at December 31, 2015 was 
$1,526.5 million, consisting of $3,022.0 million in total current assets and $1,495.5 million in total current liabilities.

Crude and Feedstock Supply Agreements

We have acquired crude oil for our Paulsboro and Delaware City refineries under supply agreements whereby 
Statoil generally purchased the crude oil requirements for each refinery on our behalf and under our direction. Our 
agreements with Statoil for Paulsboro and Delaware City were terminated effective March 31, 2013 and December 
31, 2015, respectively, at which time we began to source Paulsboro’s and Delaware City's crude oil and feedstocks 
independently. Additionally, for our purchases of crude oil under our agreement with Saudi Aramco, similar to our 
purchases of other foreign waterborne crudes, we posted letters of credit and arranged for shipment. We paid for 
the crude when we were invoiced and the letters of credit were lifted. 

We had a similar supply agreement with MSCG, which was terminated effective July 31, 2014, to supply 
the crude oil requirements for our Toledo refinery, under which we took title to MSCG’s crude oil at certain interstate 
pipeline delivery locations. Payment for the crude oil under the Toledo supply agreement was due three days after 
it was processed by us or sold to third parties. We did not have to post letters of credit for these purchases and the 
Toledo supply agreement allowed us to price and pay for our crude oil as it was processed, which reduced the time 
we were exposed to market fluctuations. We recorded an accrued liability at each period-end for the amount we 
owed MSCG for the crude oil that we owned but had not processed. Subsequent to the term of the MSCG supply 
agreement, we have sourced all our Toledo crude oil needs independently, which has increased the volumes of 
crude oil we own. 

We have crude and feedstock supply agreements with PDVSA to supply 40,000 to 60,000 bpd of crude oil 

that can be processed at any of our East and Gulf Coast refineries.

In connection with the closing of the Torrance Acquisition, we entered into a crude supply agreement with 

ExxonMobil for approximately 60,000 bpd of crude oil that can be processed at our Torrance refinery.

Inventory Intermediation Agreements 

We entered into two separate Inventory Intermediation Agreements with J. Aron, which were amended and 
restated on May 29, 2015, expiring two years from the original expiry date of July 1, 2015, subject to certain early 
termination rights. In addition, the A&R Intermediation Agreements include one-year renewal clauses by mutual 
consent of both parties.

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Pursuant to each A&R Intermediation Agreement, J. Aron will continue to purchase and hold title to certain 
of the intermediate and finished products produced by the Paulsboro and Delaware City refineries, respectively, 
and delivered into tanks at the refineries. Furthermore, J. Aron agrees to sell the Products back to Paulsboro refinery 
and Delaware City refinery as the Products are discharged out of the Refineries' tanks. J. Aron has the right to store 
the Products purchased in tanks under the A&R Intermediation Agreements and will retain these storage rights for 
the term of the agreements. PBF Holding will continue to market and sell independently to third parties. The A&R 
Intermediation Agreements for both the Delaware City and Paulsboro refineries with J. Aron include one-year 
renewal clauses upon six months' advance notice by mutual consent of both parties. The A&R Intermediation 
Agreements have not been renewed and are scheduled to expire July 1, 2017. If we are unable to negotiate an 
extension  with  J. Aron  or  enter  into  an  alternative  intermediation  agreement,  we  will  have  to  repurchase  the 
inventories outstanding under the A&R Intermediation Agreement at that time.

At December 31, 2016, the LIFO value of intermediates and finished products owned by J. Aron included 
within inventory on our balance sheet was $352.5 million. We accrue a corresponding liability for such intermediates 
and finished products.

Capital Spending

Net capital spending was $1,588.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2016, which primarily included 
turnaround costs, safety related enhancements, facility improvements at the refineries, the Torrance Acquisition, 
the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase and the final working capital settlement associated with the Chalmette Acquisition. 
We currently expect to spend an aggregate of $575.0 to $600.0 million in net capital expenditures during 2017, 
excluding PBFX, for facility improvements and refinery maintenance and turnarounds. Significant capital spending 
plans for 2017 include turnarounds for the FCC at our Delaware City refinery, several units at our Torrance refinery 
and several units at our Chalmette refinery, as well as expenditures to meet Tier 3 requirements. In addition, PBFX 
expects to spend an aggregate of $75.0 to $100.0 million in net capital expenditures during 2017 primarily on 
growth projects.

On July 1, 2016 we acquired the Torrance refinery and related logistic assets. The purchase price for the 
Torrance Acquisition was approximately $521.4 million in cash after post-closing purchase price adjustments, plus 
final working capital of $450.6 million. The purchase price and fair value allocation may be subject to adjustment 
pending completion of the final valuation which was still in process as of December 31, 2016. The transaction was 
financed through a combination of cash on hand including proceeds from our October 2015 Equity Offering and 
borrowings under our Revolving Loan.

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Contractual Obligations and Commitments

The following table summarizes our material contractual payment obligations as of December 31, 2016. 
The table below does not include any contractual obligations with PBFX as these related party transactions are 
eliminated upon consolidation of our financial statements.

Long-term debt (a)
Interest payments on debt facilities (a)
Operating Leases (b)
Purchase obligations (c):

Crude Supply and Inventory
Intermediation Agreements

Other Supply and Capacity
Agreements

Construction obligations
Environmental obligations (d)
Pension and post-retirement obligations (e)
Tax receivable agreement obligations (f)

Payments due by period

Total

Less than
1 year

1-3 Years

3-5 Years

More than
5 years

$ 2,185,333

$

49,462

$

575,371

$

710,500

$

850,000

637,533

441,921

130,020

111,706

253,505

188,604

147,914

106,052

106,094

35,559

8,137,912

2,268,826

3,560,062

2,309,024

—

1,269,562

187,443

328,399

195,324

558,396

35,149

161,488

263,723

611,392

35,149

10,231

13,413

—

—

22,537

17,648

146,615

—

10,750

19,012

79,025

—

117,970

213,650

385,752

Total contractual cash obligations

$ 13,744,013

$ 2,806,250

$ 5,092,741

$ 3,577,601

$ 2,267,421

(a)  Long-term Debt and Interest Payments on Debt Facilities

Long-term obligations represent (i) the repayment of the outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Loan; 
(ii) the repayment of indebtedness incurred in connection with the Senior Secured Notes; (iii) the repayment of 
our catalyst lease obligations on their maturity dates; (iv) the repayment of outstanding amounts under the PBFX 
Revolving Credit Facility, the PBFX Term Loan and the PBFX Senior Notes; and (v) the repayment of outstanding 
amounts under the Rail Term Loan.

Interest payments on debt facilities include cash interest payments on the Senior Secured Notes, PBFX Term 
Loan, PBFX Revolving Credit Facility, PBFX Senior Notes, catalyst lease obligations, Rail Term Loan, plus cash 
payments for the commitment fees on the unused portion on our revolving credit facilities and letter of credit fees 
on the letters of credit outstanding at December 31, 2016. With the exception of our catalyst leases and outstanding 
borrowings on the PBFX Term Loan, we have no long-term debt maturing before 2019 as of December 31, 2016.

(b)  Operating Leases

We enter into operating leases in the normal course of business, some of these leases provide us with the 
option to renew the lease or purchase the leased item. Future operating lease obligations would change if we chose 
to  exercise  renewal  options  and  if  we  enter  into  additional  operating  lease  agreements.  Certain  of  our  lease 
obligations contain a fixed and variable component. The table above reflects the fixed component of our lease 
obligations. The variable component could be significant. Our operating lease obligations are further explained in 
the  Commitments  and  Contingencies  footnote  to  our  financial  statements,  “Item 8.  Financial  Statements  and 
Supplementary Data.” In support of our rail strategy, we have at times entered into agreements to lease or purchase 
crude railcars. A portion of these railcars were purchased via the Rail Facility entered into during 2014, which was 
repaid in full and terminated in connection with the execution of the PBF Rail Term Loan in 2016. Certain of these 
railcars were subsequently sold to third parties, which have leased the railcars back to us for periods of between 
four and seven years. 

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(c)  Purchase Obligations

We  have  obligations  to  repurchase  certain  intermediates  and  refined  products  under  separate  inventory 
intermediation agreements with J. Aron as further explained in the Summary of Significant Accounting Policies, 
Inventories  and Accrued  Expenses  footnotes  to  our  financial  statements,  “Item 8.  Financial  Statements  and 
Supplementary  Data.” Additionally,  purchase  obligations  under  "Crude  Supply  and  Inventory  Intermediation 
Agreements" include commitments to purchase crude oil from certain counterparties under supply agreements 
entered into to ensure adequate supplies of crude oil for our refineries. These obligations are based on aggregate 
minimum volume commitments at 2016 year end market prices. 

Payments under "Other Supply and Capacity Agreements" include contracts for the transportation of crude 
oil and supply of hydrogen, steam, or natural gas to certain of our refineries, contracts for the treatment of wastewater, 
and contracts for pipeline capacity. We enter into these contracts to facilitate crude oil deliveries and to ensure an 
adequate  supply  of  energy  or  essential  services  to  support  our  refinery  operations.  Substantially  all  of  these 
obligations are based on fixed prices. Certain agreements include fixed or minimum volume requirements, while 
others are based on our actual usage. The amounts included in this table are based on fixed or minimum quantities 
to be purchased and the fixed or estimated costs based on market conditions as of December 31, 2016.

(d)  Environmental Obligations

In connection with the Paulsboro acquisition, we assumed certain environmental remediation obligations 
to  address  existing  soil  and  groundwater  contamination  at  the  site  and  recorded  a  liability  in  the  amount  of 
$10.8 million which reflects the present value of the current estimated cost of the remediation obligations assumed 
based on investigative work to-date. The undiscounted estimated costs related to these environmental remediation 
obligations were $16.7 million as of December 31, 2016.

In connection with the acquisition of the Delaware City assets, the prior owners remain responsible, subject 
to certain limitations, for certain pre-acquisition environmental obligations, including ongoing soil and groundwater 
remediation at the site.

In connection with the Delaware City assets and Paulsboro refinery acquisitions, we, along with the seller, 
purchased  two  individual  ten-year,  $75.0 million  environmental  insurance  policies  to  insure  against  unknown 
environmental liabilities at each site.

In  connection  with  the  acquisition  of  Toledo,  the  seller  initially  retains,  subject  to  certain  limitations, 

remediation obligations which will transition to us over a 20-year period.

In connection with the acquisition of the Chalmette refinery, the sellers provided $3.9 million financial 
assurance in the form of a surety bond to cover estimated potential site remediation costs associated with an agreed 
to  Administrative  Order  of  Consent  with  the  EPA.  Additionally,  we  purchased  a  ten  year  $100.0  million 
environmental insurance policy to insure against unknown environmental liabilities at the site. 

In connection with the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase, PBFX is responsible for the environmental remediation 
costs for conditions that existed on the closing date up to a maximum of $250 thousand per year for 10 years, with 
Plains All American Pipeline, L.P. remaining responsible for any and all additional costs above such amounts 
during such period. 

In connection with the Torrance Acquisition, we assumed certain environmental remediation obligations to 
address existing soil and groundwater contamination at the site and recorded a liability of $142.5 million as of 
December 31, 2016, which reflects the current estimated cost of the remediation obligations, expected to be paid 
out  over  an  average  period  of  approximately  20  years. Additionally,  we  purchased  a  ten  year  $100.0  million 
environmental insurance policy to insure against unknown environmental liabilities.

In connection with the acquisition of all of our refineries, we assumed certain environmental obligations 

under regulatory orders unique to each site, including orders regulating air emissions from each facility.

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(e)  Pension and Post-retirement Obligations

Pension and post-retirement obligations include only those amounts we expect to pay out in benefit payments 
and are further explained at the Employee Benefit Plans footnote to our financial statements, “Item 8. Financial 
Statements and Supplementary Data.”

(f)  Tax Receivable Agreement Obligations

We used a portion of the proceeds from our IPO to purchase PBF LLC Series A Units from the members 
of PBF LLC other than PBF Energy. In addition, the members of PBF LLC other than PBF Energy may (subject 
to the terms of the exchange agreement) exchange their PBF LLC Series A Units for shares of Class A common 
stock of PBF Energy on a one-for-one basis. As a result of both the purchase of PBF LLC Series A Units and 
subsequent secondary offerings and exchanges, PBF Energy is entitled to a proportionate share of the existing tax 
basis of the assets of PBF LLC. Such transactions have resulted in increases in the tax basis of the assets of PBF 
LLC that otherwise would not have been available. Both this proportionate share and these increases in tax basis 
have reduced the amount of the tax that PBF Energy would have otherwise been required to pay and may reduce 
the amount of tax that PBF Energy would otherwise be required to pay in the future. These increases in tax basis 
may also decrease gains (or increase losses) on the future disposition of certain capital assets to the extent tax basis 
is allocated to those capital assets. We have entered into a tax receivable agreement with the current and former 
members of PBF LLC other than PBF Energy that provides for the payment by PBF Energy to such members of 
85% of the amount of the benefits, if any, that PBF Energy is deemed to realize as a result of (i) these increases in 
tax basis and (ii) certain other tax benefits related to entering into the tax receivable agreement, including tax 
benefits attributable to payments under the tax receivable agreement. These payment obligations are obligations 
of PBF Energy and not of PBF LLC or any of its subsidiaries.

PBF  Energy  expects  to  obtain  funding  for  these  payments  by  causing  its  subsidiaries  to  make  cash 
distributions to PBF LLC, which, in turn, will distribute such amounts, generally as tax distributions, on a pro-rata 
basis to its owners, which as of December 31, 2016 include the members of PBF LLC other than PBF Energy 
holding a 3.5% interest and PBF Energy holding a 96.5% interest. The members of PBF LLC other than PBF 
Energy may continue to reduce their ownership in PBF LLC by exchanging their PBF LLC Series A Units for 
shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock. Such exchanges may result in additional increases in the tax basis 
of PBF Energy’s investment in PBF LLC and require PBF Energy to make increased payments under the tax 
receivable  agreement.  Required  payments  under  the  tax  receivable  agreement  also  may  increase  or  become 
accelerated in certain circumstances, including certain changes of control. See “Item 1A. Risk Factors—Risks 
Related to Our Organizational Structure and Our Class A Common Stock—In certain cases, payments by us under 
the tax receivable agreement may be accelerated and/or significantly exceed the actual benefits we realize in respect 
of the tax attributes subject to the tax receivable agreement. These provisions may deter a change in control of our 
company.”

The table above reflects our estimated timing of payments under the tax receivable agreement assuming no 
material changes in the relevant tax law, and that we earn sufficient taxable income to realize all tax benefits that 
are subject to the tax receivable agreement as of December 31, 2016. 

Tax Distributions

PBF LLC is required to make periodic tax distributions to the members of PBF LLC, including PBF Energy, 
pro rata in accordance with their respective percentage interests for such period (as determined under the amended 
and restated limited liability company agreement of PBF LLC), subject to available cash and applicable law and 
contractual restrictions (including pursuant to our debt instruments) and based on certain assumptions. Generally, 
these tax distributions will be an amount equal to our estimate of the taxable income of PBF LLC for the year 
multiplied by an assumed tax rate equal to the highest effective marginal combined U.S. federal, state and local 
income tax rate prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account the 
nondeductibility  of  certain  expenses).  If,  with  respect  to  any  given  calendar  year,  the  aggregate  periodic  tax 
distributions were less than the actual taxable income of PBF LLC multiplied by the assumed tax rate, PBF LLC 

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will make a “true up” tax distribution, no later than March 15 of the following year, equal to such difference, subject 
to the available cash and borrowings of PBF LLC. As these distributions are conditional they have been excluded 
from the table above. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements as of December 31, 2016, other than outstanding letters of credit 

of approximately $415.6 million and operating leases. 

During 2015, in aggregate we sold 1,122 of our owned crude railcars and concurrently entered into lease 
agreements for the same railcars. The lease agreements have varying terms from five to seven years. We received 
an aggregate cash payment for the railcars of approximately $168.3 million and expect to make payments totaling 
$99.4 million over the term of the lease for these railcars. In 2016, we sold approximately 120 of these railcars to 
optimize our railcar portfolio.

During the year ended December 31, 2016, we had additional railcar leases outstanding with terms of up 
to  10  years. We  expect  to  make  lease  payments  of  $18.6  million  over  the  remaining  term  of  these  additional 
agreements.

Critical Accounting Policies

The following summary provides further information about our critical accounting policies that involve 
critical accounting estimates and should be read in conjunction with Note 2 to our financial statements, “Item 8. 
Financial  Statements  and  Supplementary  Data.” The  following  accounting  policies  involve  estimates  that  are 
considered critical due to the level of subjectivity and judgment involved, as well as the impact on our financial 
position and results of operations. We believe that all of our estimates are reasonable. Unless otherwise noted, 
estimates of the sensitivity to earnings that would result from changes in the assumptions used in determining our 
estimates is not practicable due to the number of assumptions and contingencies involved, and the wide range of 
possible outcomes.

Inventory

Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or market. The cost of crude oil, feedstocks, blendstocks and 
refined products is determined under the LIFO method using the dollar value LIFO method with increments valued 
based on average cost during the year. The cost of supplies and other inventories is determined principally on the 
weighted  average  cost  method.  In  addition,  the  use  of  the  LIFO  inventory  method  may  result  in  increases  or 
decreases to cost of sales in years that inventory volumes decline as the result of charging cost of sales with LIFO 
inventory costs generated in prior periods. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, market values had fallen below 
historical LIFO inventory costs and, as a result, we recorded lower of cost or market inventory valuation reserves 
of $596.0 million and $1,117.3 million, respectively. The $596.0 million as of December 31, 2016, or a portion 
thereof, is subject to reversal as a reduction to cost of products sold in subsequent periods as inventories giving 
rise to the reserve are sold, and a new reserve is established. Such a reduction to cost of products sold could be 
significant  if  inventory  values  return  to  historical  cost  price  levels. Additionally,  further  decreases  in  overall 
inventory values could result in additional charges to cost of products sold should the lower of cost or market 
inventory valuation reserve be increased.

Our Delaware City refinery acquired a portion of its crude oil from Statoil under our crude supply agreement 
whereby we took title to the crude oil as it was delivered to our processing units. We had risk of loss while the 
Statoil inventory was in our storage tanks. We were obligated to purchase all of the crude oil held by Statoil on 
our behalf upon termination of the agreements. As a result of the purchase obligations, we recorded the inventory 
of crude oil and feedstocks in the refinery’s storage facilities. The purchase obligations contained derivatives that 
changed in value based on changes in commodity prices. Such changes were included in our cost of sales. Our 
agreement with Statoil for our Delaware City refinery terminated effective December 31, 2015, at which time we 
began to source crude oil and feedstocks internally. Our agreement with Statoil for Paulsboro terminated effective 
March 31, 2013, at which time we began to source crude oil and feedstocks independently.

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Prior to July 31, 2014, our Toledo refinery acquired substantially all of its crude oil from MSCG under a 
crude oil acquisition agreement whereby we took legal title to the crude oil at certain interstate pipeline delivery 
locations. We recorded an accrued liability at each period-end for the amount we owed MSCG for the crude oil 
that  we  owned  but  had  not  processed. The  accrued  liability  was  based  on  the  period-end  market  value,  as  it 
represented our best estimate of what we would pay for the crude oil. We terminated this crude oil acquisition 
agreement effective July 31, 2014 and began to source our crude oil needs independently. 

Environmental Matters

Liabilities for future clean-up costs are recorded when environmental assessments and/or clean-up efforts 
are probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. Other than for assessments, the timing and magnitude of 
these accruals generally are based on the completion of investigations or other studies or a commitment to a formal 
plan of action. Environmental liabilities are based on best estimates of probable future costs using currently available 
technology  and  applying  current  regulations,  as  well  as  our  own  internal  environmental  policies.  The  actual 
settlement of our liability for environmental matters could materially differ from our estimates due to a number of 
uncertainties  such  as  the  extent  of  contamination,  changes  in  environmental  laws  and  regulations,  potential 
improvements  in  remediation  technologies  and  the  participation  of  other  responsible  parties. Additionally,  in 
connection with the Torrance Acquisition on July 1, 2016, we assumed certain pre-existing environmental liabilities. 
While we believe that our current estimates of the amounts and timing of the costs related to the remediation of 
these liabilities are reasonable, we have had limited experience with these environmental obligations due to our 
short operating history. It is possible that our estimates of the costs and duration of the environmental remediation 
activities related to these liabilities could materially change.

Business Combinations 

We use the acquisition method of accounting for the recognition of assets acquired and liabilities assumed 
in business combinations at their estimated fair values as of the date of acquisition. Any excess consideration 
transferred over the estimated fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Significant 
judgment is required in estimating the fair value of assets acquired. As a result, in the case of significant acquisitions, 
we obtain the assistance of third-party valuation specialists in estimating fair values of tangible and intangible 
assets based on available historical information and on expectations and assumptions about the future, considering 
the perspective of marketplace participants. While management believes those expectations and assumptions are 
reasonable, they are inherently uncertain. Unanticipated market or macroeconomic events and circumstances may 
occur, which could affect the accuracy or validity of the estimates and assumptions.

Deferred Turnaround Costs

Refinery turnaround costs, which are incurred in connection with planned major maintenance activities at 
our refineries, are capitalized when incurred and amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of time estimated 
until the next turnaround occurs (generally three to five years). While we believe that the estimates of time until 
the next turnaround are reasonable, it should be noted that factors such as competition, regulation or environmental 
matters could cause us to change our estimates thus impacting amortization expense in the future.

Derivative Instruments

We are exposed to market risk, primarily related to changes in commodity prices for the crude oil and 
feedstocks we use in the refining process as well as the prices of the refined products we sell. The accounting 
treatment for commodity contracts depends on the intended use of the particular contract and on whether or not 
the contract meets the definition of a derivative. Non-derivative contracts are recorded at the time of delivery.

All derivative instruments that are not designated as normal purchases or sales are recorded in our balance 
sheet as either assets or liabilities measured at their fair values. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments 
that either are not designated or do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment or normal purchase or normal sale 
accounting  are  recognized  in  income.  Contracts  qualifying  for  the  normal  purchases  and  sales  exemption  are 

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accounted for upon settlement. We elect fair value hedge accounting for certain derivatives associated with our 
inventory repurchase obligations.

Derivative  accounting  is  complex  and  requires  management  judgment  in  the  following  respects: 
identification of derivatives and embedded derivatives; determination of the fair value of derivatives; identification 
of hedge relationships; assessment and measurement of hedge ineffectiveness; and election and designation of the 
normal purchases and sales exception. All of these judgments, depending upon their timing and effect, can have a 
significant impact on earnings.

Income Taxes and Tax Receivable Agreement

As PBF LLC is a limited liability company treated as a “flow-through” entity for income tax purposes, there 
is no benefit or provision for federal or state income tax in the accompanying financial statements for periods prior 
to the closing of our initial public offering on December 18, 2012. Effective with the completion of our initial 
public offering, we recognize an income tax expense or benefit in our consolidated financial statements based on 
our allocable share of PBF LLC’s pre-tax income (loss). We do not recognize any income tax expense or benefit 
related to the noncontrolling interest in PBF LLC.

Effective  upon  the  completion  of  our  initial  public  offering,  we  provide  for  deferred  income  taxes  for 
temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and tax bases of assets and liabilities at 
each balance sheet date, using enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when the related taxes are expected to be 
paid  or  received. A  deferred  tax  asset  may  be  reduced  by  a  valuation  allowance  when  we,  after  assessing  the 
probability of future taxable income and evaluating alternative tax planning strategies, determine that it is more 
likely than not that the future tax benefit may not be realized. If future taxable income differs from our estimates 
or if expected tax planning strategies are not available as anticipated, adjustments to the valuation allowance may 
be needed. Deferred tax assets and liabilities may be adjusted in the future for the effect of changes in tax laws or 
rates on the date of enactment.

Pursuant to the tax receivable agreement we entered into at the time of our initial public offering, we are 
required to pay the current and former PBF LLC Series A Unit holders, who exchange their units for PBF Energy 
stock or whose units we purchase, approximately 85% of the cash savings in income taxes that we are deemed to 
realize as a result of the increase in the tax basis of our interest in PBF LLC, including tax benefits attributable to 
payments made under the tax receivable agreement. These payment obligations are of PBF Energy and not of PBF 
LLC or any of its subsidiaries. We have recognized a liability for the tax receivable agreement reflecting our 
estimate of the undiscounted amounts that we expect to pay under the agreement. Our estimate of the tax agreement 
liability is based, in part, on forecasts of future taxable income over the anticipated life of our future business 
operations, assuming no material changes in the relevant tax law. The assumptions used in the forecasts are subject 
to substantial uncertainty about our future business operations and the actual payments that we are required to 
make under the tax receivable agreement could differ materially from our current estimates. We must adjust the 
estimated tax receivable agreement liability each time we purchase PBF LLC Series A Units or upon an exchange 
of PBF LLC Series A Units for our Class A common stock. Such adjustments will be based on forecasts of future 
taxable income and our future business operations at the time of such purchases or exchanges. Periodically, we 
may adjust the liability based on an updated estimate of the amounts that we expect to pay, using assumptions 
consistent with those used in our concurrent estimate of the deferred tax asset valuation allowance. These periodic 
adjustments to the tax receivable liability, if any, are recorded in general and administrative expense and may result 
in adjustments to our income tax expense and deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In August 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update 
No.  2015-14,  “Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (Topic  606):  Deferral  of  the  Effective  Date”  (“ASU 
2015-14”), which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (“ASU 
2014-09”) for all entities by one year. Additional ASUs have been issued in 2016 that provide certain implementation 
guidance related to ASU 2014-09 (collectively, we refer to ASU 2014-09 and these additional ASUs as the "Updated 

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Revenue Recognition Guidance").The Updated Revenue Recognition Guidance will replace most existing revenue 
recognition guidance in GAAP when it becomes effective. Under ASU 2015-14, this guidance becomes effective 
for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and permits the use of either the retrospective 
or modified retrospective transition method. Under ASU 2015-14, early adoption is permitted only as of annual 
reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting 
period. We have established a working group to assess the Updated Revenue Recognition Guidance, including its 
impact on our business processes, accounting systems, controls and financial statement disclosures. Our preliminary 
expectation is that we will adopt this guidance using the modified retrospective method whereby a cumulative 
effect  adjustment  is  recognized  upon  adoption  and  the  Updated  Revenue  Recognition  Guidance  is  applied 
prospectively. It is not anticipated that the Company will early adopt this new guidance. The working group is in 
the  early  stages  of  its  implementation  plan  and  continues  to  evaluate  the  impact  of  this  new  standard  on  the 
Company’s consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. Although our analysis of the new standard 
is still in process and interpretative and industry specific guidance is still developing, we currently do not expect 
the new standard to have a material impact on the amount or timing of revenues recognized for the majority of our 
revenue arrangements. 

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)" ("ASU 2016-02"), to increase 
the transparency and comparability about leases among entities. The new guidance requires lessees to recognize 
a lease liability and a corresponding lease asset for virtually all lease contracts.  It also requires additional disclosures 
about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 
15,  2018,  and  requires  a  modified  retrospective  approach  to  adoption.  Early  adoption  is  permitted.  We  have 
established a working group to study the new guidance in ASU 2016-02. This working group was formed during 
2016 and has recommended that we adopt this guidance using the modified retrospective. It is not anticipated that 
we will early adopt this new guidance. The working group continues to evaluate the impact of this new standard 
on our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. At this time, we have identified that the most 
significant impacts of this new guidance will be to bring nearly all leases on our balance sheet with “right of use 
assets” and “lease obligation liabilities” as well as accelerating the interest expense component of financing leases. 

Refer to "Note 2 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for additional Recently Issued Accounting 

Pronouncements.

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

We are exposed to market risks, including changes in commodity prices and interest rates. Our primary 
commodity price risk is associated with the difference between the prices we sell our refined products and the 
prices we pay for crude oil and other feedstocks. We may use derivative instruments to manage the risks from 
changes in the prices of crude oil and refined products, natural gas, interest rates, or to capture market opportunities.

Commodity Price Risk 

Our earnings, cash flow and liquidity are significantly affected by a variety of factors beyond our control, 
including the supply of, and demand for, crude oil, other feedstocks, refined products and natural gas. The supply 
of and demand for these commodities depend on, among other factors, changes in domestic and foreign economies, 
weather conditions, domestic and foreign political affairs, planned and unplanned downtime in refineries, pipelines 
and production facilities, production levels, the availability of imports, the marketing of competitive and alternative 
fuels, and the extent of government regulation. As a result, the prices of these commodities can be volatile. Our 
revenues fluctuate significantly with movements in industry refined product prices, our cost of sales fluctuates 
significantly  with  movements  in  crude  oil  and  feedstock  prices  and  our  operating  expenses  fluctuate  with 
movements in the price of natural gas. We manage our exposure to these commodity price risks through our supply 
and offtake agreements as well as through the use of various commodity derivative instruments.

We may use non-trading derivative instruments to manage exposure to commodity price risks associated 
with the purchase or sale of crude oil and feedstocks, finished products and natural gas outside of our supply and 
offtake agreements. The derivative instruments we use include physical commodity contracts and exchange-traded 

99

and  over-the-counter  financial  instruments.  We  mark-to-market  our  commodity  derivative  instruments  and 
recognize the changes in their fair value in our statements of operations.  

At December 31, 2016 and 2015, we had gross open commodity derivative contracts representing 8.8 million 
barrels and 44.2 million barrels, respectively, with an unrealized net loss of $3.5 million and net gain $46.1 million, 
respectively. The open commodity derivative contracts as of December 31, 2016 expire at various times during 
2017.

We carry inventories of crude oil, intermediates and refined products (“hydrocarbon inventories”) on our 
balance sheet, the values of which are subject to fluctuations in market prices. Our hydrocarbon inventories totaled 
approximately  29.4  million  barrels  and  26.8  million  barrels  at  December 31,  2016  and  December 31,  2015, 
respectively. The average cost of our hydrocarbon inventories was approximately $80.50 and $83.55 per barrel on 
a LIFO basis at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively, excluding the impact of LCM adjustments 
of approximately $596.0 million and $1,117.3 million, respectively. During 2016 and 2015, the market prices of 
our inventory declined to a level below our average cost and we wrote down the carrying value of our hydrocarbon 
inventories to market.

Our predominant variable operating cost is energy, which is comprised primarily of natural gas and electricity. 
We are therefore sensitive to movements in natural gas prices. Assuming normal operating conditions, we annually 
consume a total of approximately 68 million MMBTUs of natural gas amongst our five refineries. Accordingly, a 
$1.00 per MMBTU change in natural gas prices would increase or decrease our natural gas costs by approximately 
$68 million.

Compliance Program Price Risk

We are exposed to market risks related to the volatility in the price of RINs required to comply with the 
Renewable Fuel Standard. Our overall RINs obligation is based on a percentage of our domestic shipments of on-
road fuels as established by the EPA. To the degree we are unable to blend the required amount of biofuels to 
satisfy our RINs obligation, we must purchase RINs on the open market. To mitigate the impact of this risk on our 
results of operations and cash flows we may purchase RINs when the price of these instruments is deemed favorable.

In  addition,  we  are  exposed  to  risks  associated  with  complying  with  federal  and  state  legislative  and 
regulatory measures to address greenhouse gas and other emissions. Requirements to reduce emissions could result 
in increased costs to operate and maintain our facilities as well as implement and manage new emission controls 
and programs put in place. For example, AB 32 in California requires the state to reduce its GHG emissions to 
1990 levels by 2020.

Interest Rate Risk 

The maximum availability under our Revolving Loan is $2.64 billion. Borrowings under the Revolving 
Loan bear interest either at the Alternative Base Rate plus the Applicable Margin or at the Adjusted LIBOR Rate 
plus the Applicable Margin, all as defined in the Revolving Loan. The Applicable Margin ranges from 1.50% to 
2.25% for Adjusted LIBOR Rate Loans and from 0.50% to 1.25% for Alternative Base Rate Loans, depending on 
the Company's debt rating. If this facility were fully drawn, a 1.0% change in the interest rate would increase or 
decrease our interest expense by approximately $26.4 million annually.

The PBFX Revolving Credit Facility and the PBFX Term Loan bear interest at a variable rate and expose 
us to interest rate risk. A 1.0% change in the interest rate associated with the borrowings outstanding under these 
facilities would result in a $3.3 million change in our interest expense, assuming we were to borrow all $360.0 
million available under our PBFX Revolving Credit Facility and the outstanding balance of our PBFX Term Loan 
was $39.7 million.

In addition, we entered into the PBF Rail Term Loan in December 22, 2016 which bears interest at the one 
month LIBOR plus 200 basis points. A 1.0% change in the interest rate would increase or decrease our interest 
expense by approximately $0.4 million, assuming all $35.0 million remained outstanding. 

100

We also have interest rate exposure in connection with our J. Aron Inventory Intermediation Agreements 

under which we pay a time value of money charge based on LIBOR.

Credit Risk 

We are subject to risk of losses resulting from nonpayment or nonperformance by our counterparties. We 
will continue to closely monitor the creditworthiness of customers to whom we grant credit and establish credit 
limits in accordance with our credit policy.

Concentration Risk

For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, no single customer accounted for 10% or more of 

our total sales. 

No single customer accounted for 10% or more of our total trade accounts receivable as of December 31, 
2016. ExxonMobil and its affiliates represented approximately 18% of our total trade accounts receivable as of 
December 31, 2015.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

The information required by this item is set forth beginning on page F-1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-

K.

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND 
FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

ITEM 9A.  CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

Our management has evaluated, with the participation of our principal executive and principal financial 
officers,  the  effectiveness  of  our  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  (as  defined  in  Rule  13a-15(e)  under  the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as amended (the “Exchange Act”)) as of the end of the period covered by this 
report, and has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are effective to provide reasonable assurance 
that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or furnish under the Exchange Act is 
recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the SEC's rules and forms 
including, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed 
by  us  in  the  reports  that  we  file  or  furnish  under  the  Exchange Act  is  accumulated  and  communicated  to  our 
management, including our principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely 
decisions regarding required disclosures.

Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial 
reporting as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act. The Company’s internal control system is designed 
to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial 
statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States 
of America. Due to its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect 
misstatements. Therefore, even those systems determined to be effective can provide only reasonable assurance 
with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation.

On July 1, 2016, we completed the acquisition of the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets. We are 
in the process of integrating the related Torrance operations, including internal controls over financial reporting 
and,  therefore,  management's  evaluation  and  conclusion  as  to  the  effectiveness  of  our  disclosure  controls  and 

101

procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K excludes any evaluation of 
the internal controls over financial reporting of the acquired Torrance refinery and related logistics assets. We 
expect the integration of the related Torrance operations, including internal controls over financial reporting to be 
complete in the year ending December 31, 2017. The Torrance refinery and related logistics assets account for 
17%  of  the  Company's  total  assets  and  12%  of  total  revenues  of  the  Company  as  of  and  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2016.

Management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 
2016, using the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission in 
Internal Control — Integrated Framework (2013). Based on such assessment, we conclude that as of December 31, 
2016, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective.

Auditor Attestation Report 

Our independent registered public accounting firm has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of 

our internal control over financial reporting, which is on page F-3 of this report.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

On July 1, 2016, we completed the acquisition of the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets. We are 
in the process of integrating Torrance's operations, including internal controls over financial reporting. There has 
been no other change in our internal controls over financial reporting during the quarter ended December 31, 2016 
that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over our financial 
reporting.

ITEM 9B.  OTHER INFORMATION

  None.

PART III

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information required under this Item will be contained in our 2017 Proxy Statement, incorporated herein 

by reference.

We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, 
principal financial officer and principal accounting officer. The Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available 
on our website at www.pbfenergy.com under the heading “Investors”. Any amendments to the Code of Business 
Conduct and Ethics or any grant of a waiver from the provisions of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics 
requiring  disclosure  under  applicable  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  rules  will  be  disclosed  on  the 
Company’s website.

See also Executive Officers of the Registrant under “Item 1. Business” of this Annual Report on Form 10-

K.

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required under this Item will be contained in our 2017 Proxy Statement, incorporated herein 

by reference.

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT 
AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

See “Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchasers 

of Equity Securities—Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans.”

102

Additional information required by this Item will be contained in our 2017 Proxy Statement, incorporated 

herein by reference.

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR 
INDEPENDENCE

The information required under this Item will be contained in our 2017 Proxy Statement, incorporated herein 

by reference.

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The information required under this Item will be contained in our 2017 Proxy Statement, incorporated herein 

by reference.

103

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

PART IV

(a)   1. Financial Statements. The consolidated financial statements of PBF Energy Inc. and subsidiaries, 
required by Part II, Item 8, are included in Part IV of this report. See Index to Consolidated Financial 
Statements beginning on page F-1.

2. Financial Statement Schedules and Other Financial Information. No financial statement schedules 

are submitted because either they are inapplicable or because the required information is included in the 
consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

3. Exhibits. Filed as part of this Annual Report on Form 10-K are the following exhibits:

Number

Description

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

3.1

3.2

4.1

4.2

4.3

Contribution Agreement dated as of August 31, 2016 by and between PBF Energy Company LLC and
PBF Logistics LP (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Current
Report on Form 8-K dated September 7, 2016 (File No. 001-35764) )

Purchase Agreement dated as of January 29, 2016 by and between PBF Logistics Products Terminals
LLC and Plains Products Terminals LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 filed with PBF
Logistics LP's Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 4, 2016 (File No. 001-36446))

Sale and Purchase Agreement by and between PBF Holding Company LLC and ExxonMobil Oil
Corporation and its subsidiary, Mobil Pacific Pipeline Company as of September 29, 2015
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K
dated October 1, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

Sale and Purchase Agreement by and between PBF Holding Company LLC, ExxonMobil Oil
Corporation, Mobil Pipe Line Company and PDV Chalmette, L.L.C. as of June 17, 2015
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K
dated June 17, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of PBF Energy Inc. (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 3.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement on Form S-1
(Registration No. 333-177933))

Amended and Restated Bylaws of PBF Energy Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 filed
with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated February 15, 2017 (File No. 001-35764))

Third Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 29, 2016, by and among PBF Holding Company LLC,
the Guarantors named on the signature page thereto and Wilmington Trust, National Association
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-
Q dated November 4, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of July 29, 2016, among PBF Western Region LLC, Torrance
Refining Company LLC, Torrance Logistics Company LLC, Wilmington Trust, National Association
and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 filed with
PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated November 4, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

Joinder Agreement dated May 26, 2016, among PBF Logistics Products Terminals LLC and Wells
Fargo Bank, National Association, as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1
filed with PBF Logistics LP's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated August 4, 2016 (File No.
001-36446))

104

  
4.4

4.5

4.6

4.7

4.8

4.9

4.10

4.11

4.12

Indenture dated as of November 24, 2015, among PBF Holding Company LLC, PBF Finance
Corporation, the Guarantors named on the signature pages thereto, Wilmington Trust, National
Association, as Trustee and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as Paying Agent, Registrar,
Transfer Agent, Authenticating Agent and Notes Collateral Agent and Form of 7.00% Senior Secured
Note (included as Exhibit A) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s
Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 30, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

Registration Rights Agreement dated November 24, 2015, among PBF Holding Company LLC and
PBF Finance Corporation, the Guarantors named therein and UBS Securities LLC, as Representative
of the several Initial Purchasers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s
Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 30, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

Indenture dated May 12, 2015, among PBF Logistics LP, PBF Logistics Finance Corporation, the
Guarantors named therein and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as Trustee and Form of Note
(included as Exhibit A) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current
Report on Form 8-K dated May 12, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

Supplemental Indenture dated June 19, 2015, among PBF Logistics LP, PBF Logistics Finance
Corporation, the Guarantors named therein and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as trustee
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 filed with PBF Logistics LP's Registration Statement on
Form S-4 (Registration No. 333-206728))

Second Supplemental Indenture dated June 28, 2016, among PBF Products Terminals LLC, PBF
Logistics LP, PBF Logistics Finance Corporation, and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as
trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 filed with PBF Logistics LP's Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q dated August 4, 2016 (File No. 001-36446))

Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement of PBF Energy Inc. dated as of December 12,
2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form
8-K dated December 18, 2012 (File No. 001-35764))

Indenture, dated as of February 9, 2012, among PBF Holding Company LLC, PBF Finance
Corporation, the Guarantors party thereto, Wilmington Trust, National Association and Deutsche
Bank Trust Company Americas (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s
Amendment No. 2 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-177933))

First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 13, 2015, among Chalmette Refining, L.L.C.,
Wilmington Trust, National Association and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 4.7 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February
29, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

Second Supplemental Indenture, dated as of November 16, 2015, by and among PBF Holding
Company LLC, PBF Finance Corporation, the Guarantors named on the signature page thereto and
Wilmington Trust, National Association (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.8 filed with PBF
Energy Inc.'s December 31, 2015 Form 10-K (File No. 001-35764))

10.1 **

10.2 **

10.3

Form of Restricted Stock Agreement for Employees, under PBF Energy Inc. 2012 Equity Incentive
Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Current Report on Form
8-K dated October 28, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

Form of Restricted Stock Agreement for Employees, under PBF Energy Inc. 2012 Equity Incentive
Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q dated November 4, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

Fourth Amended and Restated Omnibus Agreement dated as of August 31, 2016 among PBF Holding
Company LLC, PBF Energy Company LLC, PBF Logistics GP LLC and PBF Logistics LP
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K
dated September 7, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

105

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

10.8

10.9

10.10

10.11

10.12

10.13

10.14

10.15

Fourth Amended and Restated Operation and Management Services and Secondment Agreement
dated as of August 31, 2016 among PBF Holding Company LLC, Delaware City Refining Company
LLC, Toledo Refining Company LLC, Torrance Refining Company LLC, Torrance Logistics
Company LLC, PBF Logistics GP LLC , PBF Logistics LP, Delaware City Terminaling Company
LLC, Delaware Pipeline Company LLC, Delaware City Logistics Company LLC, Toledo Terminaling
Company LLC and PBFX Operating Company LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed
with PBF Energy Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 7, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

Transportation Services Agreement dated as of August 31, 2016 among PBF Holding Company LLC
and Torrance Valley Pipeline Company LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with
PBF Energy Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 7, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

Pipeline Service Order dated as of August 31, 2016, by and between Torrance Valley Pipeline
Company LLC, and PBF Holding Company LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed
with PBF Energy Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 7, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

Pipeline Service Order dated as of August 31, 2016, by and between Torrance Valley Pipeline
Company LLC, and PBF Holding Company LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 filed
with PBF Energy Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 7, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

Dedicated Storage Service Order dated as of August 31, 2016, by and between Torrance Valley
Pipeline Company LLC, and PBF Holding Company LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6
filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 7, 2016 (File No.
001-35764))

Throughput Storage Service Order dated as of August 31, 2016, by and between Torrance Valley
Pipeline Company LLC, and PBF Holding Company LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7
filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 7, 2016 (File No.
001-35764))

Joinder Agreement to the Amended and Restated ABL Security Agreement dated as of July 1, 2016,
among Torrance Refining Company LLC and UBS AG, Stamford Branch, as Administrative Agent
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q dated November 4, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

Joinder Agreement to the Amended and Restated ABL Security Agreement dated as of July 1, 2016,
among PBF Western Region LLC, Torrance Logistics Company LLC and UBS AG, Stamford Branch,
as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated November 4, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

Joinder Agreement to the Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of July
1, 2016, among PBF Holding Company LLC, the Guarantors named on the signature pages thereto
including Torrance Refining Company LLC and UBS AG, Stamford Branch, as Administrative Agent
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form
10-Q dated November 4, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

Joinder Agreement to the Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement dated as of July
1, 2016, among PBF Holding Company LLC, the Guarantors named on the signature pages thereto
including PBF Western Region LLC, Torrance Logistics Company LLC and UBS AG, Stamford
Branch, as Administrative Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 filed with PBF Energy
Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated November 4, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

Consulting Agreement between PBF Investments LLC and Thomas D. O'Malley effective July 1,
2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Current Report on Form
8-K dated May 27, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

Second Increase Agreement between PBF Logistics LP and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association
dated as of May 19, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Logistics LP's
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated August 4, 2016 (File No. 001-36446))

10.16 **

Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for Directors under PBF Energy Inc. 2012 Equity
Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q dated May 5, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

106

10.17**

Third Amended and Restated Employment Agreement between PBF Investments LLC and Thomas
D. O'Malley, Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors of PBF Energy Inc. as of September 8,
2015. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on
Form 8-K dated September 11, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

10.18

10.19

10.20

10.21

10.22

10.23

10.24

First Amendment to Loan Agreement dated as of April 29, 2015, by and among PBF Rail Logistics
Company LLC and Credit Agricole Corporate and Investment Bank (incorporated by reference to
Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 29, 2015 (File No.
001-35764))

Contribution Agreement dated as of May 5, 2015 by and between PBF Energy Company LLC and
PBF Logistics LP (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current
Report on Form 8-K dated May 5, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

Third Amended and Restated Omnibus Agreement dated as of May 15, 2015 among PBF Holding
Company LLC, PBF Energy Company LLC, PBF Logistics GP LLC and PBF Logistics LP
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K
dated May 12, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

Third Amended and Restated Operation and Management Services and Secondment Agreement dated
as of May 15, 2015 among PBF Holding Company LLC, Delaware City Refining Company LLC,
Toledo Refining Company LLC, PBF Logistics GP LLC , PBF Logistics LP, Delaware City
Terminaling Company LLC, Delaware Pipeline Company LLC, Delaware City Logistics Company
LLC and Toledo Terminaling Company LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with
PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 12, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

Delaware Pipeline Services Agreement dated as of May 15, 2015 among PBF Holding Company LLC
and Delaware Pipeline Company LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with PBF
Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 12, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

Delaware City Truck Loading Services Agreement dated as of May 15, 2015 among PBF Holding
Company LLC and Delaware City Logistics Company LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.4 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 12, 2015 (File No.
001-35764))

Guaranty of Collection, dated as of May 12, 2015, by PBF Energy Company LLC with respect to the
6.875% Senior Notes due 2023 issued by PBF Logistics LP (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5
filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 12, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

10.25 **

Employment Agreement dated as of September 4, 2014 between PBF Investments LLC and Thomas
O'Connor (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Annual Report on
Form 10-K dated February 29, 2016 (File No. 001-35764))

10.26

10.27

10.28

10.29†

Amended and Restated Guaranty of Collection, dated as of September 30, 2014, by PBF Energy
Company LLC with respect to the Term Loan and Security Agreement and Revolving Credit
Agreement of PBF Logistics LP (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 filed with PBF Energy
Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated August 6, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

Reaffirmation Agreement, dated as of December 5, 2014, by PBF Energy Company LLC with respect
to the Amended and Restated Guaranty of Collection (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8.1
filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated August 6, 2015 (File
No. 001-35764))

Designation of Other Guaranteed Revolving Credit Obligations, dated as of December 12, 2014 with
respect to the Amended and Restated Guaranty of Collection (incorporated by reference to Exhibit
10.8.2 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated August 6, 2015 (File
No. 001-35764))

Inventory Intermediation Agreement dated as of May 29, 2015 (as amended) between J. Aron &
Company and PBF Holding Company LLC and Paulsboro Refining Company LLC (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.9 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated August
6, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

107

10.30†

Inventory Intermediation Agreement dated as of May 29, 2015 (as amended) between J. Aron &
Company and PBF Holding Company LLC and Delaware City Refining Company LLC (incorporated
by reference to Exhibit 10.10 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated
August 6, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

10.31

10.32

10.33

10.34

10.35

10.36

10.37

10.38

10.39

10.40

10.40.1

10.41

Consulting Services Agreement dated as of January 31, 2015 between PBF Investments LLC and
Michael D. Gayda (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q dated May 7, 2015 (File No. 001-35764))

Third Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of August 15, 2014, among PBF
Holding Company LLC, Delaware City Refining Company LLC, Paulsboro Refining Company LLC,
Toledo Refining Company LLC and UBS Securities LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2
filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q dated November 7, 2014 (File No.
001-35764))

Term Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of May 14, 2014 among PBF Logistics LP as Borrower,
Wells Fargo Bank, National Association as administrative agent and lender, and the other lenders
party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report
on Form 8-K dated May 14, 2014 (File No. 001-35764))

Revolving Credit Agreement, dated as of May 14, 2014 among PBF Logistics LP as Borrower, Wells
Fargo Bank, National Association as Administrative Agent, Swingline Lender, L/C issuer and lender
and the other lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with PBF Energy
Inc.'s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 14, 2014 (File No. 001-35764))

Increase Agreement, dated as of December 5, 2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 filed
with PBF Logistics LP's Annual Report on Form 10-K dated February 26, 2015 (File No.
001-36446)).

Guaranty of Collection by PBF Energy Company LLC, dated as of May 14, 2014 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 14,
2014 (File No. 001-35764))

Second Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of PBF Logistics LP dated as of
September 15, 2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 filed with PBF Logistics LP's Current
Report on Form 8-K dated September 19, 2014 (File No. 001-36446))

Contribution, Conveyance and Assumption Agreement dated as of May 14, 2014 by and among PBF
Logistics LP, PBF Logistics GP LLC, PBF Energy Inc., PBF Energy Company LLC, PBF Holding
Company LLC, Delaware City Refining Company LLC, Delaware City Terminaling Company LLC
and Toledo Refining Company LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy
Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 14, 2014 (File No. 001-35764))

Delaware City Rail Terminaling Services Agreement, dated as of May 14, 2014 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 14,
2014 (File No. 001-35764))

Amended and Restated Toledo Truck Unloading & Terminaling Agreement effective as of June 1,
2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly Report on
Form 10-Q dated August 7, 2014 (File No. 001-35764))

Assignment and Amendment of Amended and Restated Toledo Truck Unloading & Terminaling
Agreement dated as of December 12, 2014 by and between PBF Holding Company LLC, PBF
Logistics LP and Toledo Terminaling Company LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed
with PBF Logistics LP's Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 16, 2014 (File No.
001-36446))

Contribution Agreement, dated as of September 16, 2014 among PBF Energy Company LLC and
PBF Logistics LP (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current
Report on Form 8-K dated September 19, 2014 (File No. 001-35764))

108

10.42

10.43

10.44

10.45

10.46

10.47

10.48

10.49

10.50**

10.51**

10.52**

10.53

Delaware City West Ladder Rack Terminaling Services Agreement, dated as of October 1, 2014
among PBF Holding Company LLC and Delaware City Terminaling Company LLC (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 2,
2014 (File No. 001-35764))

Contribution Agreement, dated as of December 2, 2014 by and between PBF Energy Company LLC
and PBF Logistics LP (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current
Report on Form 8-K dated December 5, 2014 (File No. 001-35764))

Storage and Terminaling Services Agreement dated as of December 12, 2014 among PBF Holding
Company LLC and Toledo Terminaling Company LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to
the Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 16, 2014 (File No. 001-36446))

Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of PBF Energy Company LLC
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K
dated December 18, 2012 (File No. 001-35764))

Exchange Agreement, dated as of December 12, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 filed
with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 18, 2012 (File No. 001-35764))

Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of December 12, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2
filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 18, 2012 (File No.
001-35764))

Stockholders’ Agreement of PBF Energy Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 filed with
PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 18, 2012 (File No. 001-35764))

Restated Warrant and Purchase Agreement between PBF Energy Company LLC and the officers party
thereto, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.17 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s
Amendment No. 4 to Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-177933))

Amended and Restated Employment Agreement dated as of December 17, 2012, between
PBF Investments LLC and Thomas J. Nimbley (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 filed with
PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 18, 2012 (File No. 001-35764))

Second Amended and Restated Employment Agreement, dated as of December 17, 2012, between
PBF Investments LLC and Matthew C. Lucey (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.9 filed with
PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 18, 2012 (File No. 001-35764))

Employment Agreement dated as of April 1, 2014 between PBF Investments LLC and Erik Young.
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-
Q dated May 7, 2014 (File No. 001-35764))

Form of Indemnification Agreement, dated December 12, 2012, between PBF Energy Inc. and each of
the executive officers and directors of PBF Energy Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5
filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 18, 2012 (File No.
001-35764))

10.54*/**

PBF Energy Inc. Amended and Restated 2012 Equity Incentive Plan

10.55**

10.56**

10.57**

PBF Energy Inc. 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.6 filed with
PBF Energy Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 18, 2012 (File No. 001-35764))

Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement for Directors under the PBF Energy Inc. 2012 Equity
Incentive Plan. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 filed with PBF Energy Inc.'s Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q dated November 7, 2014 (File No. 001-35764))

Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement under the PBF Energy Inc. 2012 Equity Incentive
Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.28 filed with PBF Energy Inc.’s Amendment No. 6 to
Registration Statement on Form S-1 (Registration No. 333-177933))

109

10.58**

10.59**

10.60**

10.61

21.1*

23.1*

24.1*

31.1*

31.2*

32.1*(1)

32.2*(1)

PBF Logistics LP 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan, adopted as of May 14, 2014 (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.8 filed with PBF Logistics LP's Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 14,
2014 (File No. 001-36446))

Form of Phantom Unit Agreement for Employees, under the PBF Logistics LP 2014 Long-Term
Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 filed with PBF Logistics LP's Registration
Statement on Form S-1, as amended, originally filed on April 22, 2014 (File No. 333-195024))

Form of Phantom Unit Agreement for Non-Employee Directors, under the PBF Logistics LP 2014
Long-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 filed with PBF Logistics LP's
Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended originally filed on April 22, 2014 (File No.
333-195024))

Form of Indemnification Agreement between PBF Logistics LP, PBF Logistics GP LLC and each of
the executive officers and directors of PBF Logistics LP and PBF Logistics GP LLC (incorporated by
reference to Exhibit 10.11 filed with PBF Logistics LP's Registration Statement on Form S-1, as
amended, originally filed on April 22, 2014 (File No. 333-195024))

Subsidiaries of the Registrant

Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP

Power of Attorney (included on signature page)

Certification by Chief Executive Officer of PBF Energy Inc. pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Certification by Chief Financial Officer of PBF Energy Inc. pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a), as
adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Certification by Chief Executive Officer of PBF Energy Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Certification by Chief Financial Officer of PBF Energy Inc. pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as
adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

101.INS

XBRL Instance Document.

101.SCH

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.

101.CAL

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.

101.DEF

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document.

101.LAB

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.

101.PRE

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.

 ——————————

*

Filed herewith.

**

Indicates management compensatory plan or arrangement.

†

Confidential treatment has been granted by the SEC as to certain portions, which portions have
been omitted and filed separately with the SEC.

(1)

This exhibit should not be deemed to be “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act.

110

PBF ENERGY INC.

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015

Consolidated Statements of Operations For the Years Ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and
2014

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) For the Years Ended December
31, 2016, 2015 and 2014

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity For the Years Ended December 31, 2016,
2015 and 2014

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows For the Years Ended December 31, 2016, 2015
and 2014

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

F-2

F-5

F-6

F-7

F-8

F-10

F-12

F-1

 
  
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
PBF Energy Inc. and subsidiaries

We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheets  of  PBF  Energy  Inc.  and  subsidiaries  (the 
“Company”)  as  of  December  31,  2016  and  2015,  and  the  related  consolidated  statements  of  operations, 
comprehensive income (loss), changes in equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended 
December  31,  2016.  These  financial  statements  are  the  responsibility  of  the  Company’s  management.  Our 
responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, 
evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing 
the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall 
financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, such consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position 
of PBF Energy Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the results of their operations and 
their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2016, in conformity with accounting 
principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States),  the  Company's  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of  December  31,  2016,  based  on  criteria 
established  in  Internal  Control  -  Integrated  Framework  (2013)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 24, 2017 expressed an unqualified 
opinion on the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Parsippany, New Jersey
February 24, 2017 

F- 2

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
PBF Energy Inc. and subsidiaries

We have audited the internal control over financial reporting of PBF Energy Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) 
as of December 31, 2016, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued 
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. As described in Management’s 
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting, management excluded from its assessment the internal control 
over financial reporting of the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets which was acquired on July 1, 2016 
and whose financial statements constitute 17% of total assets and 12% of revenues of the consolidated financial 
statement amounts as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016. Accordingly, our audit did not include the 
internal  control  over  financial  reporting  of  the Torrance  refinery  and  related  logistics  assets. The  Company’s 
management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment 
of  the  effectiveness  of  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  included  in  the  accompanying  Management’s 
Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s 
internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about 
whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included 
obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness 
exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, 
and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit 
provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the 
company’s principal executive and principal financial officers, or persons performing similar functions, and effected 
by the company's board of directors, management, and other personnel to provide reasonable assurance regarding 
the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those 
policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and 
fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that 
transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally 
accepted  accounting  principles,  and  that  receipts  and  expenditures  of  the  company  are  being  made  only  in 
accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance 
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets 
that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of the inherent limitations of internal control over financial reporting, including the possibility of collusion 
or improper management override of controls, material misstatements due to error or fraud may not be prevented 
or detected on a timely basis. Also, projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control over 
financial reporting to future periods are subject to the risk that the controls may become inadequate because of 
changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting 
as of December 31, 2016, based on the criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013)
issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.

F- 3

We have also audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States), the consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2016 of the Company and 
our report dated February 24, 2017 expressed an unqualified opinion on those financial statements.

/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP

Parsippany, New Jersey
February 24, 2017 

F- 4

 
PBF ENERGY INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

December 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

ASSETS

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents (PBFX: $64,221 and $18,678, respectively)

$

746,274

$

Accounts receivable

Inventories

Deferred tax asset

Marketable securities - current (PBFX: $40,024 and $0, respectively)

Prepaid expense and other current assets

Total current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net (PBFX: $600,071 and $145,548, respectively)

Deferred tax assets

Marketable securities (PBFX: $0 and $234,258, respectively)

Deferred charges and other assets, net

Total assets

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY

Current liabilities:

Accounts payable

Accrued expenses

Payable to related parties pursuant to tax receivable agreement

Deferred revenue

Current portion of long-term debt (PBFX: $39,664 and $0, respectively)

Total current liabilities

Delaware Economic Development Authority loan

Long-term debt (PBFX: $532,011 and $599,635, respectively)

Deferred tax liabilities

Payable to related parties pursuant to tax receivable agreement

Other long-term liabilities

Total liabilities

Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)

Equity:

Class A common stock, $0.001 par value, 1,000,000,000 shares authorized, 109,204,047 shares
outstanding at December 31, 2016, 97,781,933 shares outstanding at December 31, 2015

Class B common stock, $0.001 par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, 28 shares outstanding at
December 31, 2016, 28 shares outstanding at December 31, 2015

Preferred stock, $0.001 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized, no shares outstanding at
December 31, 2016 and 2015

Treasury stock, at cost, 6,087,963 shares outstanding at December 31, 2016 and 6,056,719
shares outstanding at December 31, 2015

Additional paid in capital

Retained earnings / (Accumulated deficit)

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total PBF Energy Inc. equity

Noncontrolling interest

Total equity

Total liabilities and equity

620,175

1,863,560

—

40,024

137,222

3,407,255

3,328,770

379,306

—

506,596

944,320

454,759

1,174,272

371,186

—

77,474

3,022,011

2,356,638

201,504

234,258

290,713

$

$

7,621,927

$

6,105,124

535,907

$

1,467,684

—

13,292

39,664

315,653

1,119,189

56,621

4,043

—

2,056,547

1,495,506

—

2,108,570

45,699

611,392

229,035

4,000

1,836,355

—

604,797

68,609

5,051,243

4,009,267

94

—

—

(151,547)

2,245,788

(44,852)

(24,439)

2,025,044

545,640

2,570,684

$

7,621,927

$

93

—

—

(150,804)

1,904,751

(83,454)

(23,289)

1,647,297

448,560

2,095,857

6,105,124

See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F- 5

PBF ENERGY INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS 
 (in thousands, except share and per share data) 

Revenues

$

15,920,424

$

13,123,929

$

19,828,155

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

Cost and expenses

Cost of sales, excluding depreciation

Operating expenses, excluding depreciation

General and administrative expenses

Loss (gain) on sale of assets

Depreciation and amortization expense

13,598,341

1,423,198

166,452

11,374

222,176

11,481,614

18,471,203

904,525

181,266
(1,004)
197,417

883,140

146,661
(895)
180,382

15,421,541

12,763,818

19,680,491

Income from operations

498,883

360,111

147,664

Other income (expense)

Change in tax receivable agreement liability

Change in fair value of catalyst lease

Interest expense, net

Income before income taxes

Income tax expense (benefit)

Net income

Less: net income attributable to
noncontrolling interests

Net income (loss) attributable to PBF
Energy Inc. stockholders

Weighted-average shares of Class A
common stock outstanding

Basic
Diluted

Net income (loss) available to Class A
common stock per share:

Basic

Diluted

Dividends per common share

12,908

1,422
(150,045)
363,168

137,650

225,518

18,150

10,184
(106,187)
282,258

86,725

195,533

2,990

3,969
(98,764)
55,859
(22,412)
78,271

54,707

49,132

116,508

$

170,811

$

146,401

$

(38,237)

98,334,302
103,606,709

88,106,999
94,138,850

74,464,494
74,464,494

$

$

$

1.74

1.74

1.20

$

$

$

1.66

1.65

1.20

$

$

$

(0.51)
(0.51)

1.20

See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F- 6

 
PBF ENERGY INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
(in thousands) 

Net income

$

225,518

$

195,533

$

78,271

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

Other comprehensive (loss) income:

Unrealized (loss) gain on available for sale
securities

Net (loss) gain on pension and other post-
retirement benefits

Total other comprehensive (loss) income

Comprehensive income

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to
noncontrolling interests

Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to PBF
Energy Inc. stockholders

(42)

124

127

(2,550)
(2,592)
222,926

1,982

2,106

197,639

(12,465)
(12,338)
65,933

54,618

49,233

115,261

$

168,308

$

148,406

$

(49,328)

See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F- 7

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-
F

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PBF ENERGY INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)

Cash flows from operating activities:

Net income

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operations:

Depreciation and amortization

Stock-based compensation

Change in fair value of catalyst lease obligation

Deferred income taxes

Change in tax receivable agreement liability

Non-cash change in inventory repurchase obligations

Non-cash lower of cost or market inventory adjustment

Pension and other post-retirement benefits costs

Loss (gain) on sale of assets

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Accounts receivable

Inventories

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Accounts payable

Accrued expenses

Deferred revenue

Payable to related parties pursuant to tax receivable agreement

Other assets and liabilities

Net cash provided by operations

Cash flow from investing activities:

Acquisition of Torrance refinery and related logistics assets

Acquisition of Chalmette Refining, net of cash acquired

Expenditures for property, plant and equipment

Expenditures for deferred turnaround costs

Expenditures for other assets

Expenditure for PBFX Plains Asset Purchase

Proceeds from sale of assets

Purchase of marketable securities

Maturities of marketable securities

Net cash used in investing activities

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

$

225,518

$

195,533

$

78,271

232,948

22,656

(1,422)

244,758

(12,908)

29,453

(521,348)

37,986

11,374

(165,416)

236,602

(54,341)

217,566

217,820

9,249

(50,771)

(27,790)

651,934

(971,932)

(2,659)

(298,737)

(198,664)

(42,506)

(98,373)

24,692

207,004

13,497

(10,184)

(5,607)

(18,150)

63,389

427,226

26,982

(1,004)

188,209

7,181

(3,969)

(49,387)

(2,990)

(93,246)

690,110

22,600

(895)

97,636

45,378

(271,892)

(394,031)

(3,661)

(24,291)

(36,805)

2,816

(67,643)

(34,422)

560,424

—

(565,304)

(353,964)

(53,576)

(8,236)

—

(17,057)

(67,025)

61,785

(6,539)

—

(2,070)

456,325

—

—

(476,389)

(137,688)

(17,255)

—

168,270

202,654

(1,909,965)

(2,067,286)

(1,918,637)

2,104,209

2,067,983

1,683,708

$ (1,393,935) $

(812,113) $

(663,607)

See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F- 10

PBF ENERGY INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Continued)
(in thousands)

Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from issuance of PBFX common units, net of underwriters' discount and
commissions

$

138,378

$

— $

340,957

Offering costs for issuance of PBFX common units

Exercise of Series A options and warrants of PBF Energy Company LLC, net

Distributions to PBF Energy Company LLC members other than PBF Energy

Distributions to PBFX public unit holders

Dividend payments

Proceeds from revolver borrowings

Repayments of revolver borrowings

Proceeds from Rail Facility revolver borrowings

Repayment of Rail Facility revolver borrowings

Proceeds from PBF Rail Term Loan

Proceeds from 2023 Senior Secured Notes

Proceeds from PBFX revolver borrowings

Repayment of PBFX revolver borrowings

Proceeds from PBFX Term Loan borrowings

Repayments of PBFX Term Loan borrowings

Proceeds from PBFX Senior Notes

Proceeds from sale of Class A common stock, net of underwriters' discount
Additional catalyst lease

Purchases of treasury stock

Deferred financing costs and other

Net cash provided by financing activities

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and equivalents, beginning of period

Cash and equivalents, end of period

Supplemental cash flow disclosures

Non-cash activities:

—

—

(21,947)

(32,806)

—

—

(19,386)

(22,830)

(117,486)

(106,584)

550,000

170,000

(5,000)

(78)

(87,187)

(7,397)

(88,613)

395,000

(200,000)

(170,000)

(410,000)

—

(67,491)

35,000

—

194,700

(30,000)

—

(194,536)

—

275,300
15,586

(743)

—

543,955

(198,046)

944,320

102,075

(71,938)

—

500,000

24,500

(275,100)

—

(700)

350,000

344,000
—

(8,073)

(17,828)

798,136

546,447

397,873

83,095

(45,825)

—

—

275,100

—

300,000

(65,100)

—

—
—

(142,731)

(14,036)

528,185

320,903

76,970

$

746,274

$

944,320

$

397,873

         Conversion of Delaware Economic Development Authority loan to grant

$

4,000

$

4,000

$

         Accrued construction in progress and unpaid fixed assets

35,595

7,974

Cash paid during year for:

         Interest (including capitalized interest of $8,452, $3,529 and $7,517 in 2016,

2015 and 2014, respectively)

         Income taxes

$

146,051

$

100,388

$

3,841

124,040

4,000

33,296

98,499

65,500

See notes to consolidated financial statements.
F- 11

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

1. DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Description of the Business 

PBF Energy Inc. ("PBF Energy") was formed as a Delaware corporation on November 7, 2011 and is the sole 
managing member of PBF Energy Company LLC ("PBF LLC"), a Delaware limited liability company, with a 
controlling interest in PBF LLC and its subsidiaries. PBF Energy consolidates the financial results of PBF LLC 
and its subsidiaries and records a noncontrolling interest in its consolidated financial statements representing the 
economic interests of PBF LLC's members other than PBF Energy (refer to "Note 16 - Noncontrolling Interests" 
of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). 

PBF LLC, together with its consolidated subsidiaries, owns and operates oil refineries and related facilities in 
North America. PBF Holding Company LLC (“PBF Holding”) is a wholly-owned subsidiary of PBF LLC. PBF 
Investments LLC ("PBF Investments"), Toledo Refining Company LLC ("Toledo Refining" or "TRC"), Paulsboro 
Refining Company LLC ("Paulsboro Refining" or "PRC"), Delaware City Refining Company LLC (“Delaware 
City Refining” or “DCR”), Chalmette Refining, L.L.C. (“Chalmette Refining”), PBF Western Region LLC (“PBF 
Western Region”), Torrance Refining Company LLC ("Torrance Refining") and Torrance Logistics Company LLC 
are PBF LLC's principal operating subsidiaries and are all wholly-owned subsidiaries of PBF Holding.

PBF LLC also consolidates a publicly traded master limited partnership, PBF Logistics LP ("PBFX"). On May 
14,  2014,  PBFX  completed  its  initial  public  offering  (the  “PBFX  Offering”).  Upon  completion  of  the  PBFX 
Offering, PBF LLC held a 50.2% limited partner interest in PBFX and all of its incentive distribution rights (refer 
to "Note 3 - PBF Logistics LP" of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements). PBF Logistics GP LLC (“PBF 
GP”) owns the noneconomic general partner interest and serves as the general partner of PBFX and is wholly-
owned by PBF LLC. PBF Energy, through its ownership of PBF LLC, consolidates the financial results of PBFX 
and its subsidiaries and records a noncontrolling interest in its consolidated financial statements representing the 
economic interests of PBFX's unit holders other than PBF LLC (refer to "Note 16 - Noncontrolling Interests" of 
our  Notes  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements).  Collectively,  PBF  Energy  and  its  consolidated  subsidiaries, 
including PBF LLC, PBF Holding, PBF GP and PBFX are referred to hereinafter as the "Company" unless the 
context otherwise requires.

Substantially all of the Company’s operations are in the United States. The Company operates in two reportable 
business segments: Refining and Logistics. The Company’s oil refineries are all engaged in the refining of crude 
oil and other feedstocks into petroleum products, and are aggregated into the Refining segment. PBFX is a publicly 
traded master limited partnership that was formed to operate logistical assets such as crude oil and refined petroleum 
products terminals, pipelines and storage facilities. PBFX's operations are aggregated into the Logistics segment. 
To generate earnings and cash flows from operations, the Company is primarily dependent upon processing crude 
oil and selling refined petroleum products at margins sufficient to cover fixed and variable costs and other expenses. 
Crude oil and refined petroleum products are commodities; and factors largely out of the Company’s control can 
cause prices to vary over time. The potential margin volatility can have a material effect on the Company’s financial 
position, earnings and cash flow.

Public Offerings

In  connection  with  certain  of  the  secondary  offerings  completed  in  2015,  2014  and  2013,  investment  funds 
associated with the initial investors in PBF LLC exchanged all of their PBF LLC Series A Units for an equal number 
of shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock which were subsequently sold to the public and, accordingly, no 
longer hold any PBF LLC Series A Units. The holders of PBF LLC Series B Units, which include certain current 
and former executive officers of PBF Energy, had the right to receive a portion of the proceeds of the sale of the 
PBF Energy Class A common stock by Blackstone and First Reserve. PBF Energy did not receive any proceeds 
from any of the secondary offerings. 

F- 12

 
PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Certain other follow-on equity offerings were made to the public. On October 13, 2015, PBF Energy completed a 
public offering of an aggregate of 11,500,000 shares of its Class A common stock, including 1,500,000 shares of 
Class A common stock that was sold pursuant to the exercise of an over-allotment option, for net proceeds of 
$344,000, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering expenses (the "October 2015 
Equity Offering"). Additionally, on December 19, 2016, the Company completed a public offering of an aggregate 
of 10,000,000 shares of Class A common stock for net proceeds of $274,300, after deducting underwriting discounts 
and commissions and other estimated offering expenses (the "December 2016 Equity Offering").

As a result of the equity offerings described above and certain other transactions such as stock option exercises, 
as of December 31, 2016, the Company now owns 109,204,047 PBF LLC Series C Units and the Company's 
current and former executive officers and directors and certain employees beneficially own 3,920,902 PBF LLC 
Series A Units, and the holders of our issued and outstanding shares of Class A common stock have 96.5% of the 
voting power in the Company and the members of PBF LLC other than PBF Energy through their holdings of 
Class B common stock have the remaining 3.5% of the voting power in the Company.

Tax Receivable Agreement

PBF LLC intends to make an election under Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”) effective for 
each taxable year in which an exchange of PBF LLC Series A Units for PBF Energy Class A common stock as 
described above occurs, which may result in an adjustment to the tax basis of the assets of PBF LLC at the time 
of an exchange of PBF LLC Series A Units. As a result of both the initial purchase of PBF LLC Series A Units 
from the PBF LLC Series A Unit holders in connection with the IPO and subsequent exchanges, PBF Energy will 
become entitled to a proportionate share of the existing tax basis of the assets of PBF LLC. In addition, the purchase 
of PBF LLC Series A Units and subsequent exchanges have resulted in and are expected to continue to result in 
increases  in  the  tax  basis  of  the  assets  of  PBF  LLC  that  otherwise  would  not  have  been  available.  Both  this 
proportionate share and these increases in tax basis may reduce the amount of tax that PBF Energy would otherwise 
be required to pay in the future. These increases in tax basis may also decrease gains (or increase losses) on future 
dispositions of certain capital assets to the extent tax basis is allocated to those capital assets.

PBF Energy entered into a tax receivable agreement with the PBF LLC Series A and PBF LLC Series B Unit 
holders (the “Tax Receivable Agreement”) that provides for the payment by PBF Energy to such persons of an 
amount equal to 85% of the amount of the benefits, if any, that PBF Energy is deemed to realize as a result of 
(i) increases in tax basis, as described below, and (ii) certain other tax benefits related to entering into the Tax 
Receivable Agreement, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. For 
purposes of the Tax Receivable Agreement, the benefits deemed realized by PBF Energy will be computed by 
comparing the actual income tax liability of PBF Energy (calculated with certain assumptions) to the amount of 
such taxes that PBF Energy would have been required to pay had there been no increase to the tax basis of the 
assets of PBF LLC as a result of purchases or exchanges of PBF LLC Series A Units for shares of PBF Energy's 
Class A common stock and had PBF Energy not entered into the Tax Receivable Agreement. The term of the Tax 
Receivable Agreement will continue until all such tax benefits have been utilized or expired unless: (i) PBF Energy 
exercises  its  right  to  terminate  the  Tax  Receivable Agreement,  (ii)  PBF  Energy  breaches  any  of  its  material 
obligations  under  the  Tax  Receivable Agreement  or  (iii)  certain  changes  of  control  occur,  in  which  case  all 
obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement will generally be accelerated and due as calculated under certain 
assumptions.

The payment obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement are obligations of PBF Energy and not of PBF LLC, 
PBF Holding or PBFX. In general, PBF Energy expects to obtain funding for these annual payments from PBF 
LLC, primarily through tax distributions, which PBF LLC makes on a pro-rata basis to its owners, including PBF 
Energy. PBF LLC obtains funding to pay its tax distributions by causing PBF Holding to distribute cash to PBF 
LLC and from distributions it receives from PBFX.

F- 13

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Principles of Consolidation and Presentation

These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of PBF Energy and subsidiaries in which PBF Energy 
has a controlling interest. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 

Reclassification

Certain amounts previously reported in the Company's consolidated financial statements for prior periods have 
been reclassified to conform to the 2016 presentation. These reclassifications include certain details about accrued 
expenses and deferred charges and other assets in those respective footnotes.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the 
United States ("GAAP") requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts 
of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and the related disclosures. Actual results could differ from those 
estimates.

Business Combinations 

We use the acquisition method of accounting for the recognition of assets acquired and liabilities assumed in 
business  combinations  at  their  estimated  fair  values  as  of  the  date  of  acquisition. Any  excess  consideration 
transferred over the estimated fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill. Significant 
judgment is required in estimating the fair value of assets acquired. As a result, in the case of significant acquisitions, 
we obtain the assistance of third-party valuation specialists in estimating fair values of tangible and intangible 
assets based on available historical information and on expectations and assumptions about the future, considering 
the perspective of marketplace participants. While management believes those expectations and assumptions are 
reasonable, they are inherently uncertain. Unanticipated market or macroeconomic events and circumstances may 
occur, which could affect the accuracy or validity of the estimates and assumptions.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash 
equivalents. The carrying amount of the cash equivalents approximates fair value due to the short-term maturity 
of those instruments.

Marketable Securities

Debt or equity securities are classified into the following reporting categories: held-to-maturity, trading or available-
for-sale securities. The Company does not routinely sell marketable securities prior to their scheduled maturity 
dates. Some of the Company's investments may be held and restricted for the purpose of funding future capital 
expenditures and acquisitions. Such investments are classified as available-for-sale marketable securities as they 
may occasionally be sold prior to their scheduled maturity dates due to the unexpected timing of cash needs. The 
carrying value of these marketable securities approximates fair value and is measured using Level 1 inputs (as 
defined below). The terms of the marketable securities range from one to three months and are classified on the 
balance sheet as current assets. As of December 31, 2016, these investments are used as collateral to secure the 
PBFX Term Loan (as defined below) and are intended to be used only to fund future PBFX capital expenditures.

Concentrations of Credit Risk

For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 no single customer amounted to greater than or equal to 
10% of the Company's revenues. 

F- 14

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

No single customer accounted for 10% or more of our total trade accounts receivable as of December 31, 2016. 
Following  the  Chalmette Acquisition  on  November  1,  2015,  ExxonMobil  Oil  Corporation  and  its  affiliates 
represented approximately 18% of our total trade accounts receivable as of December 31, 2015.

Revenue, Deferred Revenue and Accounts Receivable

The Company sells various refined products primarily through its refinery subsidiaries and recognizes revenue 
related to the sale of products when there is persuasive evidence of an agreement, the sales prices are fixed or 
determinable, collectability is reasonably assured and when products are shipped or delivered in accordance with 
their respective agreements. Revenue for services is recorded when the services have been provided. Certain of 
the  Company’s  refineries  have  product  offtake  agreements  with  third-parties  under  which  these  third  parties 
purchase a portion of the refineries' daily gasoline production. The refineries also sell their products through short-
term contracts or on the spot market. 

On May 29, 2015, PBF Holding entered into amended and restated inventory intermediation agreements (the "A&R 
Intermediation Agreements") with J. Aron & Company, a subsidiary of The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc. ("J. Aron"), 
pursuant to which certain terms of the existing inventory intermediation agreements were amended, including, 
among other things, pricing and an extension of the term for a period of two years from the original expiry date 
of July 1, 2015, subject to certain early termination rights. In addition, the A&R Intermediation Agreements include 
one-year renewal clauses by mutual consent of both parties.

Pursuant to each A&R Intermediation Agreement, J. Aron, will continue to purchase and hold title to certain of 
the intermediate and finished products (the "Products") produced by the Paulsboro and Delaware City refineries 
(the "Refineries"), respectively, and delivered into tanks at the Refineries. Furthermore, J. Aron agrees to sell the 
Products back to Paulsboro refinery and Delaware City refinery as the Products are discharged out of the Refineries' 
tanks. These purchases and sales were settled monthly at the daily market prices related to those products. These 
transactions were considered to be made in contemplation of each other and, accordingly, did not result in the 
recognition of a sale when title passed from the refineries to J. Aron. Additionally, J. Aron has the right to store 
the Products purchased in tanks under the A&R Intermediation Agreements and will retain these storage rights for 
the term of the agreements. PBF Holding will continue to market and sell the Products independently to third 
parties.

Accounts receivable are carried at invoiced amounts. An allowance for doubtful accounts is established, if required, 
to report such amounts at their estimated net realizable value. In estimating probable losses, management reviews 
accounts that are past due and determines if there are any known disputes. There was no allowance for doubtful 
accounts at December 31, 2016 and 2015.

Excise taxes on sales of refined products that are collected from customers and remitted to various governmental 
agencies are reported on a net basis.

Inventory

Inventories are carried at the lower of cost or market. The cost of crude oil, feedstocks, blendstocks and refined 
products are determined under the last-in first-out (“LIFO”) method using the dollar value LIFO method with 
increments valued based on average purchase prices during the year. The cost of supplies and other inventories is 
determined principally on the weighted average cost method.

The Company had the obligation to purchase and sell feedstocks under a supply agreement with Statoil for its 
Delaware City refinery. This Crude Supply Agreement expired on December 31, 2015. The Company's Paulsboro 
refinery also had a crude supply agreement with Statoil that was terminated in March 2013. Prior to the expiration 
or termination of these agreements, Statoil purchased the refineries' production of certain feedstocks or purchased 
feedstocks from third parties on the refineries' behalf. The Company took title to the crude oil as it was delivered 
to the processing units, in accordance with the Crude Supply Agreement; however, the Company was obligated to 
purchase all the crude oil held by Statoil on the Company’s behalf upon termination of the agreement at the then 
market price. The Paulsboro crude supply agreement also included an obligation to purchase a fixed volume of 

F- 15

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

feedstocks from Statoil on the later of maturity or when the arrangement is terminated based on a forward market 
price of West Texas Intermediate crude oil. As a result of the purchase obligations, the Company recorded the 
inventory of crude oil and feedstocks in the refineries’ storage facilities. The Company determined the purchase 
obligations were contracts that contain derivatives that changed in value based on changes in commodity prices. 
Such changes in the fair value of these derivatives were included in cost of sales. 

Prior to July 31, 2014, the Company’s Toledo refinery acquired substantially all of its crude oil from MSCG under 
a crude oil acquisition agreement (the “Toledo Crude Oil Acquisition Agreement”). Under the Toledo Crude Oil 
Acquisition Agreement, the Company took title to crude oil at various pipeline locations for delivery to the refinery 
or sale to third parties. The Company recorded the crude oil inventory when it received title. Payment for the crude 
oil was due to MSCG under the Toledo Crude Oil Acquisition Agreement three days after the crude oil was delivered 
to the Toledo refinery processing units or upon sale to a third party. The Company terminated the Toledo Crude 
Oil Acquisition Agreement effective July 31, 2014 and began to source its crude oil needs independently. 

Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment additions are recorded at cost. The Company capitalizes costs associated with the 
preliminary, pre-acquisition and development/construction stages of a major construction project. The Company 
capitalizes the interest cost associated with major construction projects based on the effective interest rate of total 
borrowings. The Company also capitalizes costs incurred in the acquisition and development of software for internal 
use, including the costs of software, materials, consultants and payroll-related costs for employees incurred in the 
application development stage.

Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the following estimated useful lives:

Process units and equipment
Pipeline and equipment
Buildings
Computers, furniture and fixtures
Leasehold improvements
Railcars

5-25 years
5-25 years
25 years
3-7 years
20 years
50 years

Maintenance and repairs are charged to operating expenses as they are incurred. Improvements and betterments, 
which extend the lives of the assets, are capitalized.

Deferred Charges and Other Assets, Net

Deferred charges and other assets include refinery turnaround costs, catalyst, precious metals catalyst, linefill, 
deferred financing costs and intangible assets. Refinery turnaround costs, which are incurred in connection with 
planned major maintenance activities, are capitalized when incurred and amortized on a straight-line basis over 
the period of time estimated to lapse until the next turnaround occurs (generally 3 to 5 years).

Precious metals catalyst and linefill are considered indefinite-lived assets as they are not expected to deteriorate 
in their prescribed functions. Such assets are assessed for impairment in connection with the Company’s review 
of its long-lived assets as indicators of impairment develop.

Deferred financing costs are capitalized when incurred and amortized over the life of the loan (generally 1 to 8 
years).

Intangible assets with finite lives primarily consist of catalyst, emission credits and permits and are amortized over 
their estimated useful lives (generally 1 to 10 years).

F- 16

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Long-Lived Assets and Definite-Lived Intangibles

The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate 
the carrying value may not be recoverable. Impairment is evaluated by comparing the carrying value of the long-
lived assets to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from use of the assets and their 
ultimate disposition. If such analysis indicates that the carrying value of the long-lived assets is not considered to 
be recoverable, the carrying value is reduced to the fair value.

Impairment assessments inherently involve judgment as to assumptions about expected future cash flows and the 
impact of market conditions on those assumptions. Although management would utilize assumptions that it believes 
are reasonable, future events and changing market conditions may impact management’s assumptions, which could 
produce different results.

Asset Retirement Obligations

The Company records an asset retirement obligation at fair value for the estimated cost to retire a tangible long-
lived asset at the time the Company incurs that liability, which is generally when the asset is purchased, constructed, 
or leased. The Company records the liability when it has a legal or contractual obligation to incur costs to retire 
the asset and when a reasonable estimate of the fair value of the liability can be made. If a reasonable estimate 
cannot be made at the time the liability is incurred, the Company will record the liability when sufficient information 
is available to estimate the liability’s fair value. Certain of the Company’s asset retirement obligations are based 
on its legal obligation to perform remedial activity at its refinery sites when it permanently ceases operations of 
the long-lived assets. The Company therefore considers the settlement date of these obligations to be indeterminable. 
Accordingly, the Company cannot calculate an associated asset retirement liability for these obligations at this 
time. The  Company  will  measure  and  recognize  the  fair  value  of  these  asset  retirement  obligations  when  the 
settlement date is determinable.

Environmental Matters

Liabilities for future remediation costs are recorded when environmental assessments and/or remedial efforts are 
probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated. Other than for assessments, the timing and magnitude of these 
accruals generally are based on the completion of investigations or other studies or a commitment to a formal plan 
of action. Environmental liabilities are based on best estimates of probable future costs using currently available 
technology and applying current regulations, as well as the Company’s own internal environmental policies. The 
measurement of environmental remediation liabilities may be discounted to reflect the time value of money if the 
aggregate amount and timing of cash payments of the liabilities are fixed or reliably determinable. The actual 
settlement of the Company’s liability for environmental matters could materially differ from its estimates due to 
a number of uncertainties such as the extent of contamination, changes in environmental laws and regulations, 
potential improvements in remediation technologies and the participation of other responsible parties.

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation includes the accounting effect of options to purchase PBF Energy Class A common 
stock granted by the Company to certain employees, Series A warrants issued or granted by PBF LLC to employees 
in connection with their acquisition of PBF LLC Series A units, options to acquire Series A units of PBF LLC 
granted by PBF LLC to certain employees, Series B units of PBF LLC that were granted to certain members of 
management and restricted PBF LLC Series A Units and restricted PBF Energy Class A common stock granted to 
certain directors and officers. The estimated fair value of the options to purchase PBF Energy Class A common 
stock and the PBF LLC Series A warrants and options is based on the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the 
fair value of the PBF LLC Series B units is estimated based on a Monte Carlo simulation model. The estimated 
fair value is amortized as stock-based compensation expense on a straight-line method over the vesting period and 
included in general and administration expense with forfeitures recognized in the period they occur.

Additionally, stock-based compensation also includes unit-based compensation provided to certain officers, non-
employee directors and seconded employees of PBFX's general partner, PBF GP, or its affiliates, consisting of 

F- 17

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

PBFX phantom units. The fair value of PBFX's phantom units are measured based on the fair market value of the 
underlying common units on the date of grant based on the common unit closing price on the grant date. The 
estimated fair value of PBFX's phantom units is amortized over the vesting period using the straight-line method. 
Awards vest over a four year service period. The phantom unit awards may be settled in common units, cash or a 
combination of both. Expenses related to unit-based compensation are also included in general and administrative 
expenses with forfeitures recognized in the period they occur. 

Income Taxes

As a result of the PBF Energy’s acquisition of PBF LLC Series A Units or exchanges of PBF LLC Series A Units 
for PBF Energy Class A common stock, PBF Energy expects to benefit from amortization and other tax deductions 
reflecting the step up in tax basis in the acquired assets. Those deductions will be allocated to PBF Energy and 
will be taken into account in reporting PBF Energy’s taxable income. As a result of a federal income tax election 
made by PBF LLC, applicable to a portion of PBF Energy’s acquisition of PBF LLC Series A Units, the income 
tax basis of the assets of PBF LLC, underlying a portion of the units PBF Energy acquired, has been adjusted based 
upon the amount that PBF Energy paid for that portion of its PBF LLC Series A Units. PBF Energy entered into 
the Tax Receivable Agreement which provides for the payment by PBF Energy equal to 85% of the amount of the 
benefits, if any, that PBF Energy is deemed to realize as a result of (i) increases in tax basis and (ii) certain other 
tax benefits related to entering into the Tax Receivable Agreement, including tax benefits attributable to payments 
under the Tax Receivable Agreement. As a result of these transactions, PBF Energy’s tax basis in its share of PBF 
LLC’s assets will be higher than the book basis of these same assets. This resulted in a deferred tax asset of $639,340
as of December 31, 2016, of which the majority is expected to be realized over 10 years as the tax basis of these 
assets is amortized.

Deferred taxes are provided using a liability method, whereby deferred tax assets are recognized for deductible 
temporary differences and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for taxable temporary differences. Temporary 
differences represent the differences between the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and their tax bases. 
Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when, in the opinion of management, it is more likely 
than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Deferred tax assets and liabilities 
are adjusted for the effect of changes in tax laws and rates on the date of enactment. PBF Energy recognizes tax 
benefits for uncertain tax positions only if it is more likely than not that the position is sustainable based on its 
technical merits. Interest and penalties on uncertain tax positions are included as a component of the provision for 
income taxes on the consolidated statements of operations.

The Federal tax returns for all years since 2013 and state tax returns for all years since 2012 or 2013 (see "Note  
20 - Income Taxes") are subject to examination by the respective tax authorities. 

Net Income Per Share

Net income per share is calculated by dividing the net income available to PBF Energy Class A common stockholders 
by the weighted average number of shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock outstanding during the period. 
Diluted net income per share is calculated by dividing the net income available to PBF Energy Class A common 
stockholders, adjusted for the net income attributable to the noncontrolling interest and the assumed income tax 
expense thereon, by the weighted average number of PBF Energy Class A common shares outstanding during the 
period adjusted to include the assumed exchange of all PBF LLC Series A units outstanding for PBF Energy Class 
A common stock, if applicable under the if converted method, and the potentially dilutive effect of outstanding 
options to purchase shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock, and options and warrants to purchase PBF LLC 
Series A Units, subject to forfeiture utilizing the treasury stock method. 

Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefits

The Company recognizes an asset for the overfunded status or a liability for the underfunded status of its pension 
and post-retirement benefit plans. The funded status is recorded within other long-term liabilities or assets. Changes 
in the plans’ funded status are recognized in other comprehensive income in the period the change occurs.

F- 18

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Fair Value Measurement

A fair value hierarchy (Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3) is used to categorize fair value amounts based on the quality 
of inputs used to measure fair value. Accordingly, fair values derived from Level 1 inputs utilize quoted prices in 
active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Fair values derived from Level 2 inputs are based on quoted prices 
for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, and inputs other than quoted prices that are either directly or 
indirectly observable for the asset or liability. Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability, and 
include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability.

The Company uses appropriate valuation techniques based on the available inputs to measure the fair values of its 
applicable assets and liabilities. When available, the Company measures fair value using Level 1 inputs because 
they generally provide the most reliable evidence of fair value. In some valuations, the inputs may fall into different 
levels in the hierarchy. In these cases, the asset or liability level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the 
lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurements.

Financial Instruments

The estimated fair value of financial instruments has been determined based on the Company’s assessment of 
available market information and appropriate valuation methodologies. The Company’s non-derivative financial 
instruments that are included in current assets and current liabilities are recorded at cost in the consolidated balance 
sheets. The estimated fair value of these financial instruments approximates their carrying value due to their short-
term nature. Derivative instruments are recorded at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company’s commodity contracts are measured and recorded at fair value using Level 1 inputs based on quoted 
prices in an active market, Level 2 inputs based on quoted market prices for similar instruments, or Level 3 inputs 
based on third party sources and other available market based data. The Company’s catalyst lease obligation and 
derivatives related to the Company’s crude oil and feedstocks and refined product purchase obligations are measured 
and recorded at fair value using Level 2 inputs on a recurring basis, based on observable market prices for similar 
instruments.

Derivative Instruments

The Company is exposed to market risk, primarily related to changes in commodity prices for the crude oil and 
feedstocks used in the refining process as well as the prices of the refined products sold. The accounting treatment 
for commodity contracts depends on the intended use of the particular contract and on whether or not the contract 
meets the definition of a derivative.

All derivative instruments, not designated as normal purchases or sales, are recorded in the balance sheet as either 
assets or liabilities measured at their fair values. Changes in the fair value of derivative instruments that either are 
not designated or do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment or normal purchase or normal sale accounting are 
recognized currently in earnings. Contracts qualifying for the normal purchase and sales exemption are accounted 
for upon settlement. Cash flows related to derivative instruments that are not designated or do not qualify for hedge 
accounting treatment are included in operating activities.

The Company designates certain derivative instruments as fair value hedges of a particular risk associated with a 
recognized asset or liability. At the inception of the hedge designation, the Company documents the relationship 
between the hedging instrument and the hedged item, as well as its risk management objective and strategy for 
undertaking various hedge transactions. Derivative gains and losses related to these fair value hedges, including 
hedge ineffectiveness, are recorded in cost of sales along with the change in fair value of the hedged asset or liability 
attributable to the hedged risk. Cash flows related to derivative instruments that are designated as fair value hedges 
are included in operating activities.

Economic hedges are hedges not designated as fair value or cash flow hedges for accounting purposes that are 
used to (i) manage price volatility in certain refinery feedstock and refined product inventories, and (ii) manage 
price volatility in certain forecasted refinery feedstock purchases and refined product sales. These instruments are 

F- 19

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

recorded at fair value and changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments are recognized currently in cost 
of sales.

Derivative accounting is complex and requires management judgment in the following respects: identification of 
derivatives  and  embedded  derivatives,  determination  of  the  fair  value  of  derivatives,  documentation  of  hedge 
relationships, assessment and measurement of hedge ineffectiveness and election and designation of the normal 
purchases and sales exception. All of these judgments, depending upon their timing and effect, can have a significant 
impact on the Company’s earnings.

Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2015, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update No. 
2015-02,  "Consolidation  (Topic  810): Amendments  to  the  Consolidation Analysis"  ("ASU  2015-02"),  which 
changed  existing  consolidation  requirements  associated  with  the  analysis  a  reporting  entity  must  perform  to 
determine whether it should consolidate certain types of legal entities, including limited partnerships and variable 
interest entities. The Company has adopted this guidance retrospectively. The adoption of this guidance did not 
result in any change to the Company's consolidation conclusions or impact its financial position, results of operations 
or cash flows. 

In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU 2015-14, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral 
of the Effective Date” (“ASU 2015-14”), which defers the effective date of ASU 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts 
with Customers” (“ASU 2014-09”) for all entities by one year. Additional ASUs have been issued in 2016 that 
provide certain implementation guidance related to ASU 2014-09 (collectively, the Company refers to ASU 2014-09 
and these additional ASUs as the "Updated Revenue Recognition Guidance").The Updated Revenue Recognition 
Guidance will replace most existing revenue recognition guidance in GAAP when it becomes effective. Under 
ASU 2015-14, this guidance becomes effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017 
and permits the use of either the retrospective or modified retrospective transition method. Under ASU 2015-14, 
early adoption is permitted only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including 
interim reporting periods within that reporting period. The Company has established a working group to assess 
the Updated Revenue Recognition Guidance, including its impact on the Company's business processes, accounting 
systems, controls and financial statement disclosures. The Company's preliminary expectation is that it will adopt 
this guidance using the modified retrospective method whereby a cumulative effect adjustment is recognized upon 
adoption and the Updated Revenue Recognition Guidance is applied prospectively. It is not anticipated that the 
Company will early adopt this new guidance. The working group is in the early stages of its implementation plan 
and continues to evaluate the impact of this new standard on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and 
related disclosures. Although the Company's analysis of the new standard is still in process and interpretative and 
industry specific guidance is still developing, the Company currently does  not expect the new standard to have a 
material impact on the amount or timing of revenues recognized for the majority of its revenue arrangements. 

In  November  2015,  the  FASB  issued ASU  2015-17  (Topic  740),  "Balance  Sheet  Classification  of  Deferred 
Taxes" ("ASU 2015-17") which is intended to simplify the presentation of deferred taxes in a classified balance 
sheet. This guidance states that deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities should be presented as noncurrent 
in a classified statement of financial position. Under ASU 2015-17, this guidance becomes effective for annual 
periods beginning after December 15, 2016 and interim periods within those annual periods with early adoption 
permitted as of the beginning of an annual or interim period after issuance of the ASU. The Company early adopted 
the new standard in its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures on a prospective basis. As such, 
$371,186 of current deferred tax assets as of December 31, 2015 has not been reclassified to non-current deferred 
tax assets.

In  January  2016,  the  FASB  issued ASU  No.  2016-01,  "Financial  Instruments  -  Overall  (Subtopic  825-10): 
Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities" ("ASU 2016-01"), which amends 
how entities measure equity investments that do not result in consolidation and are not accounted for under the 
equity method and how they present changes in the fair value of financial liabilities measured under the fair value 
option that are attributable to their own credit. ASU 2016-01 also changes certain disclosure requirements and 

F- 20

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

other aspects of current US GAAP but does not change the guidance for classifying and measuring investments 
in debt securities and loans. Under ASU 2016-01, this guidance becomes effective for fiscal years beginning after 
December  15,  2017,  and  interim  periods  within  those  fiscal  years.  Early  adoption  is  permitted  in  certain 
circumstances. The Company does not currently have any investments accounted for under the equity method but 
will apply this new standard should it acquire any such investments.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, "Leases (Topic 842)" ("ASU 2016-02"), to increase the 
transparency and comparability about leases among entities. The new guidance requires lessees to recognize a 
lease liability and a corresponding lease asset for virtually all lease contracts.  It also requires additional disclosures 
about leasing arrangements. ASU 2016-02 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 
15, 2018, and requires a modified retrospective approach to adoption. Early adoption is permitted. The Company 
has established a working group to study and lead implementation of the new guidance in ASU 2016-02. This 
working group was formed during 2016 and has begun the process of compiling a central repository for all leases 
entered into by the Company and its subsidiaries for further analysis as the implementation project progresses. It 
is not anticipated that the Company will early adopt this new guidance. The working group continues to evaluate 
the impact of this new standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures. At this time, the 
Company has identified that the most significant impacts of this new guidance will be to bring nearly all leases on 
its balance sheet with “right of use assets” and “lease obligation liabilities” as well as accelerating the interest 
expense component of financing leases.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-06, “Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Contingent Put and 
Call  Options  in  Debt  Instruments  No.  2016-06  March  2016  a  consensus  of  the  FASB  Emerging  Issues  Task 
Force” (“ASU 2016-06”), to increase consistency in practice in applying guidance on determining if an embedded 
derivative is clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics of the host contract, specifically for assessing 
whether call (put) options that can accelerate the repayment of principal on a debt instrument meet the clearly and 
closely related criterion. The guidance in ASU 2016-06 applies to all entities that are issuers of or investors in debt 
instruments (or hybrid financial instruments that are determined to have a debt host) with embedded call (put) 
options. ASU 2016-06 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and requires 
a modified retrospective approach to adoption. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating 
the impact of this new standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In  March  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  No.  2016-09,  “Compensation  -  Stock  Compensation  (Topic  718): 
Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting” (“ASU 2016-09”) which is intended to simplify 
certain aspects of the accounting for share-based payments to employees. The guidance in ASU 2016-09 requires 
all income tax effects of awards to be recognized in the income statement when the awards vest or are settled rather 
than recording excess tax benefits or deficiencies in additional paid-in capital. The guidance in ASU 2016-09 also 
allows an employer to repurchase more of an employee’s shares than it can today for tax withholding purposes 
without triggering liability accounting and to make a policy election to account for forfeitures as they occur. ASU 
2016-09 also contains additional guidance for nonpublic entities that do not apply to the Company. ASU 2016-09 
is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016, and requires a modified retrospective 
approach to adoption. Early adoption is permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new 
standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement 
of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”) which requires credit losses on available-for-sale 
debt securities to be presented as an allowance rather than as a write-down. ASU 2016-13 is effective for interim 
and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2019, and requires a modified retrospective approach to adoption. 
Early adoption is permitted for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is 
currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, "Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of 
Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments" ("ASU 2016-15"), which reduces the existing diversity in practice in 
how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows under 
Topic 230. ASU 2016-15 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within 

F- 21

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is currently 
evaluating the impact of this new standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, "Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets 
Other Than  Inventory"  ("ASU  2016-16"),  which  reduces  the  existing  diversity  in  practice  in  how  income  tax 
consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory should be recognized. The amendments 
in ASU 2016-16 require an entity to recognize such income tax consequences when the intra-entity transfer occurs 
rather than waiting until such time as the asset has been sold to an outside party. The amendments do not contain 
any new disclosure requirements but point out that certain existing income tax disclosures might be applicable in 
the period an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory occurs. ASU 2016-16 is effective for fiscal years 
beginning after December 15, 2017, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted as 
of the beginning of an annual reporting period for which interim or annual statements have not been issued. The 
Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on its consolidated financial statements and related 
disclosures.

In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-17, "Consolidation (Topic 810): Interests Held through Related 
Parties That Are under Common Control" ("ASU 2016-17"), which amends the consolidation guidance on how a 
reporting entity that is the single decision maker of a variable interest entity (“VIE”) should treat indirect interests 
in the entity held through related parties that are under common control with the reporting entity when determining 
whether it is the primary beneficiary of that VIE. The amendments in this ASU do not change the characteristics 
of a primary beneficiary in current GAAP. The amendments in this ASU require that reporting entity, in determining 
whether it satisfies the second characteristic of a primary beneficiary, to include all of its direct variable interests 
in a VIE and, on a proportionate basis, its indirect variable interests in a VIE held through related parties, including 
related parties that are under common control with the reporting entity. ASU 2016-2017 is effective for fiscal years 
beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, 
including adoption in an interim period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this new standard on 
its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, "Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition 
of a Business" ("ASU 2017-01"), which provides guidance to assist entities with evaluating when a set of transferred 
assets and activities is a business. Under ASU 2017-01, it is expected that the definition of a business will be 
narrowed and more consistently applied. ASU 2017-01 is effective for annual periods beginning after December 
15,  2017,  including  interim  periods  within  those  periods.  The  amendments  in  this  ASU  should  be  applied 
prospectively on or after the effective date. The Company will apply the provisions of this guidance for determining 
if it has acquired a business or a set of assets for future acquisitions, if any, after it becomes effective.

3. PBF LOGISTICS LP

PBFX is a fee-based, growth-oriented, Delaware master limited partnership formed by PBF Energy to own or 
lease, operate, develop and acquire crude oil and refined petroleum products terminals, pipelines, storage facilities 
and similar logistics assets. PBFX engages in the receiving, handling, storage and transferring of crude oil, refined 
products and intermediates from sources located throughout the United States and Canada for PBF Energy in 
support of certain of its refineries, as well as for third party customers. As of December 31, 2016, a substantial 
majority of PBFX’s revenue is derived from long-term, fee-based commercial agreements with PBF Holding, 
which include minimum volume commitments, for receiving, handling, storing and transferring crude oil and 
refined products. In addition, subsequent to the Plains Asset Purchase (as defined in "Note 4 -Acquisitions"), PBFX 
has begun to generate third-party revenue related to the East Coast Terminals. PBF Energy also has agreements 
with PBFX that establish fees for certain general and administrative services and operational and maintenance 
services provided by PBF Holding to PBFX. These transactions, other than those with third parties, are eliminated 
by PBF Energy in consolidation. 

PBFX, a variable interest entity, is consolidated by PBF Energy through its ownership of PBF LLC. PBF LLC, 
through its ownership of PBF GP, has the sole ability to direct the activities of PBFX that most significantly impact 
its economic performance. PBF LLC is considered to be the primary beneficiary of PBFX for accounting purposes. 

F- 22

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Public Offerings

On May 14, 2014, PBFX completed its initial public offering (the “PBFX Offering”) of 15,812,500 common units. 
On April 5, 2016, PBFX completed a public offering of an aggregate of 2,875,000 common units, including 375,000
common units that were sold pursuant to the full exercise by the underwriter of its option to purchase additional 
common units, for net proceeds of $51,625, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other 
offering expenses (the “April 2016 PBFX Equity Offering”). In addition, on August 17, 2016, PBFX completed a 
public offering of an aggregate of 4,000,000 common units and granted the underwriter an option to purchase an 
additional 600,000 common units, of which 375,000 units were subsequently purchased on September 14, 2016, 
for total net proceeds of $86,753, after deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and other offering 
expenses (the “August 2016 PBFX Equity Offering” and, together with the April 2016 PBFX Offering, the "2016 
PBFX Offerings").

PBFX’s initial assets consisted of a light crude oil rail unloading terminal at the Delaware City refinery that also 
services the Paulsboro refinery (which is referred to as the “Delaware City Rail Terminal”), and a crude oil truck 
unloading terminal at the Toledo refinery (which is referred to as the “Toledo Truck Terminal”) that are integral 
components of the crude oil delivery operations at three of PBF Energy’s refineries. 

September 2014 Drop-down Transaction

Effective September 30, 2014, PBF Holding distributed to PBF LLC all of the equity interests of Delaware City 
Terminaling Company II LLC ("DCT II"), which assets consist solely of the Delaware City heavy crude unloading 
rack (the "DCR West Rack"). PBF LLC then contributed to PBFX all of the equity interests of DCT II for total 
consideration of $150,000 (the "DCR West Rack Acquisition"). 

December 2014 Drop-down Transaction

Effective December 11, 2014, PBF LLC contributed to PBFX all of the issued and outstanding limited liability 
company interests of Toledo Terminaling Company LLC ("Toledo Terminaling"), whose assets consist of a tank 
farm and related facilities located at PBF Energy's Toledo refinery, including a propane storage and loading facility 
(the "Toledo Storage Facility"), for total consideration of $150,000 (the "Toledo Storage Facility Acquisition"). 

May 2015 Drop-down Transaction

On May 14, 2015 PBF LLC contributed to PBFX all of the issued and outstanding limited liability company 
interests of Delaware Pipeline Company LLC ("DPC") and Delaware City Logistics Company LLC ("DCLC"), 
whose assets consist of a products pipeline, truck rack and related facilities located at our Delaware City refinery 
(collectively the "Delaware City Products Pipeline and Truck Rack"), for total consideration of $143,000.

TVPC Contribution Agreement

On August 31, 2016, PBFX entered into a contribution agreement (the "TVPC Contribution Agreement") between 
PBFX and PBF LLC. Pursuant to the TVPC Contribution Agreement, PBFX acquired from PBF LLC 50% of the 
issued and outstanding limited liability company interests of Torrance Valley Pipeline Company LLC (“TVPC”), 
whose assets consist of the San Joaquin Valley Pipeline system (which was acquired as a part of the Torrance 
Acquisition, as defined in “Note 4 - Acquisitions”), including the M55, M1 and M70 pipeline systems including 
pipeline stations with storage capacity and truck unloading capability (collectively, the “Torrance Valley Pipeline”). 
The total consideration paid to PBF LLC was $175,000, which was funded by PBFX with $20,000 of cash on 
hand, $76,200 in proceeds from the sale of marketable securities, and $78,800 in net proceeds from the PBFX 
August 2016 Equity Offering. PBFX borrowed an additional $76,200 under the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility, 
which was used to repay $76,200 of the PBFX Term Loan (as defined in "Note 10 - Credit Facility and Long-term 
Debt") in order to release $76,200 in marketable securities that had collateralized the PBFX Term Loan.

As of December 31, 2016, PBF LLC holds a 44.2% limited partner interest in PBFX (consisting of 2,572,944
common units and 15,886,553 subordinated units), with the remaining 55.8% limited partner interest held by the 

F- 23

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

public unit holders. PBF LLC also owns all of the IDRs and indirectly owns a non-economic general partner interest 
in PBFX through its wholly-owned subsidiary, PBF GP, the general partner of PBFX. During the subordination 
period (as set forth in the partnership agreement of PBFX) holders of the subordinated units are not entitled to 
receive any distribution of available cash until the common units have received the minimum quarterly distribution 
plus any arrearages in the payment of the minimum quarterly distribution from prior quarters. If PBFX does not 
pay distributions on the subordinated units, the subordinated units will not accrue arrearages for those unpaid 
distributions. Each subordinated unit will convert into one common unit at the end of the subordination period. 
The IDRs entitle PBF LLC to receive increasing percentages, up to a maximum of 50.0%, of the cash PBFX 
distributes from operating surplus in excess of $0.345 per unit per quarter.

 4. ACQUISITIONS

Torrance Acquisition 

On July 1, 2016, the Company acquired from ExxonMobil Oil Corporation and its subsidiary, Mobil Pacific Pipe 
Line Company, the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets (collectively, the "Torrance Acquisition"). The 
Torrance refinery, located in Torrance, California, is a high-conversion, delayed-coking refinery. The facility is 
strategically  positioned  in  Southern  California  with  advantaged  logistics  connectivity  that  offers  flexible  raw 
material sourcing and product distribution opportunities primarily in the California, Las Vegas and Phoenix area 
markets. The Torrance Acquisition provides the Company with a broader more diversified asset base and increases 
the number of operating refineries from four to five and expands the Company's combined crude oil throughput 
capacity. The acquisition also provides the Company with a presence in the PADD 5 market.

In  addition  to  refining  assets,  the  transaction  includes  a  number  of  high-quality  logistics  assets  including  a 
sophisticated network of crude and products pipelines, product distribution terminals and refinery crude and product 
storage facilities. The most significant of the logistics assets is a crude gathering and transportation system which 
delivers San Joaquin Valley crude oil directly from the field to the refinery. Additionally, included in the transaction 
are several pipelines which provide access to sources of crude oil including the Ports of Long Beach and Los 
Angeles, as well as clean product outlets with a direct pipeline supplying jet fuel to the Los Angeles airport. 

The aggregate purchase price for the Torrance Acquisition was $521,350 in cash after post-closing purchase price 
adjustments,  plus  final  working  capital  of  $450,582.  In  addition,  the  Company  assumed  certain  pre-existing 
environmental  and  regulatory  emission  credit  obligations  in  connection  with  the  Torrance Acquisition.  The 
transaction was financed through a combination of cash on hand including proceeds from our October 2015 Equity 
Offering, and borrowings under PBF Holding's asset based revolving credit agreement (the "Revolving Loan").

The  Company  accounted  for  the  Torrance Acquisition  as  a  business  combination  under  GAAP  whereby  we 
recognize assets acquired and liabilities assumed in an acquisition at their estimated fair values as of the date of 
acquisition. The final purchase valuation was in process as of December 31, 2016 as the purchase price and fair 
value allocation may be subject to adjustment pending completion of our assessment of the estimated costs and 
duration of certain assumed pre-existing environmental obligations.

The total purchase consideration and the fair values of the assets and liabilities at the acquisition date, which may 
be subject to adjustment as noted above, were as follows:

Gross purchase price

Working capital

Post close purchase price adjustments

Total consideration

Purchase Price

537,500

450,582
(16,150)
971,932

$

$

F- 24

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

The  following  table  summarizes  the  amounts  recognized  for  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  as  of  the 
acquisition date: 

Inventories

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Deferred charges and other assets, net

Accounts payable

Accrued expenses

Other long-term liabilities

Fair value of net assets acquired

Fair Value Allocation

$

$

404,542

1,186

703,443

68,053
(2,688)
(64,137)
(138,467)
971,932

The Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016 include the results of 
operations of the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets since July 1, 2016 during which period the Torrance 
refinery and related logistics assets contributed revenues of $1,977,204 and net income of $86,394. On an unaudited 
pro forma basis, the revenues and net income of the Company assuming the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 
2015, are shown below. The unaudited pro forma information does not purport to present what the Company’s 
actual results would have been had the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2015, nor is the financial information 
indicative  of  the  results  of  future  operations.  The  unaudited  pro  forma  financial  information  includes  the 
depreciation and amortization expense attributable to the Torrance Acquisition and interest expense associated 
with related financing.

Year ended December 31,

2016

2015

$

16,999,435

$

16,252,729
(62,420)

(Unaudited)
Pro forma revenues

Pro forma net income (loss) attributable to PBF Energy Inc. stockholders

50,779

Pro forma net income (loss) available to Class A common stock per share:

Basic

Diluted

$

$

0.52

0.51

$

$

(0.63)
(0.63)

The unaudited amount of revenues and net income above have been calculated after conforming accounting policies 
of the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets to those of the Company and certain one-time adjustments.

PBFX Plains Asset Purchase

On April 29, 2016, PBFX's wholly-owed subsidiary, PBF Logistics Products Terminals LLC, purchased four refined 
products terminals in the greater Philadelphia region (the "East Coast Terminals") from an affiliate of Plains All 
American Pipeline, L.P. , including product storage tanks, pipeline connections to the Colonial Pipeline Company, 
Buckeye Partners, Sunoco Logistics Partners and other proprietary pipeline systems, truck loading lanes and marine 
facilities  capable  of  handling  barges  and  ships  (the  "PBFX  Plains Asset  Purchase"). This  acquisition  expands 
PBFX's storage and terminaling footprint and introduces third-party customers to its revenue base.

The aggregate purchase price for the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase was $100,000, less working capital adjustments. 
The consideration for the transaction was funded by PBFX with $98,336 in proceeds from the sale of marketable 
securities. PBFX borrowed an additional $98,500 under the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility, which was used to 
repay $98,336 of the PBFX Term Loan (as defined below) in order to release $98,336 in marketable securities that 
had collateralized the PBFX Term Loan. Subsequent to the closing of the Plains Asset Purchase, the Partnership 
recorded an adjustment to the preliminary estimate for working capital of $37 as an increase to Prepaid expenses 
and other current assets. 

F- 25

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

PBFX accounted for the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase as a business combination under GAAP whereby PBFX 
recognizes assets acquired and liabilities assumed in an acquisition at their estimated fair values as of the date of 
acquisition. Any excess consideration transferred over the estimated fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired 
is recorded as goodwill. The final purchase price and its allocation are dependent on final reconciliations of working 
capital and other items subject to agreement by both parties.

The total purchase consideration and the estimated fair values of the assets and liabilities at the acquisition date 
were as follows:

Gross purchase price

Working capital adjustments

Total consideration

Purchase Price

100,000
(1,627)
98,373

$

$

The following table summarizes the preliminary amounts recognized for assets acquired and liabilities assumed 
as of the acquisition date:

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

Other long-term liabilities

Estimated fair value of net assets acquired

Fair Value Allocation

4,221

99,342
(3,174)
(2,016)
98,373

$

The Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016 include the results of 
operations  of  the  East  Coast  Terminals  since April  29,  2016  during  which  period  the  East  Coast  Terminals 
contributed third party revenues of $11,871 and net income of $1,830. On an unaudited pro forma basis, the revenues 
and net income of the Company assuming the acquisition had occurred on January 1, 2015, are shown below. The 
unaudited pro forma information does not purport to present what the Company’s actual results would have been 
had the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase occurred on January 1, 2015, nor is the financial information indicative of 
the  results  of  future  operations. The  unaudited  pro  forma  financial  information  includes  the  depreciation  and 
amortization expense attributable to the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase and interest expense associated with related 
financing.

(Unaudited)
Pro forma revenues

Pro forma net income attributable to PBF Energy Inc. stockholders

Pro forma net income available to Class A common stock per share:

Basic

Diluted

Chalmette Acquisition

Year ended December 31,
2015
2016

15,927,218

$

13,141,301

174,393

143,967

1.77

1.77

$

$

1.45

1.43

$

$

$

On November 1, 2015, the Company acquired from ExxonMobil, Mobil Pipe Line Company and PDV Chalmette, 
L.L.C., 100% of the ownership interests of Chalmette Refining, which owns the Chalmette refinery and related 
logistics assets (collectively, the "Chalmette Acquisition"). The Chalmette refinery, located outside of New Orleans, 
Louisiana, is a dual-train coking refinery and is capable of processing both light and heavy crude oil. Subsequent 
to the closing of the Chalmette Acquisition, Chalmette Refining is a wholly-owned subsidiary of PBF Holding. 
Chalmette Refining is strategically positioned on the Gulf Coast with logistics connectivity that offers flexible raw 

F- 26

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

material sourcing and product distribution opportunities, including the potential to export products and provides 
geographic diversification into PADD 3.

Chalmette Refining owns 100% of the MOEM Pipeline, providing access to the Empire Terminal, as well as the 
CAM  Connection  Pipeline,  providing  access  to  the  Louisiana  Offshore  Oil  Port  facility  through  a  third  party 
pipeline. Chalmette Refining also owns 80% of each of the Collins Pipeline Company and T&M Terminal Company, 
both located in Collins, Mississippi, which provide a clean products outlet for the refinery to the Plantation and 
Colonial  Pipelines. Also  included  in  the  acquisition  are  a  marine  terminal  capable  of  importing  waterborne 
feedstocks and loading or unloading finished products; a clean products truck rack which provides access to local 
markets; and a crude and product storage facility.

The aggregate purchase price for the Chalmette Acquisition was $322,000 in cash, plus inventory and final working 
capital of $245,963. As described below, the valuation of the working capital was finalized in the first quarter of 
2016. The transaction was financed through a combination of cash on hand and borrowings under PBF Holding's 
Revolving Loan. 

The Company accounted for the Chalmette Acquisition as a business combination under US GAAP whereby we 
recognize assets acquired and liabilities assumed in an acquisition at their estimated fair values as of the date of 
acquisition. Any excess consideration transferred over the estimated fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired 
is recorded as goodwill. The final purchase price and fair value allocation were completed as of March 31, 2016. 
During the measurement period, which ended in March 2016, adjustments were made to the Company's preliminary 
fair value estimates related primarily to inventories and accounts payable.

The total purchase consideration and the fair values of the assets and liabilities at the acquisition date were as 
follows:

Net cash

Cash acquired

Total consideration

Purchase Price

587,005
(19,042)
567,963

$

$

The following table summarizes the final amounts recognized for assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the 
acquisition date: 

Accounts receivable

Inventories

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Deferred charges and other assets

Accounts payable

Accrued expenses

Deferred tax liability

Noncontrolling interests
Fair value of net assets acquired

Fair Value Allocation

1,126

271,434

913

356,961

8,312
(4,870)
(28,371)
(25,721)
(11,821)
567,963

$

$

In addition, in connection with the acquisition of Chalmette Refining, the Company acquired Collins Pipeline 
Company and T&M Terminal Company, which are both C-corporations for tax purposes. As a result, the Company 
recognized a deferred tax liability of $25,721 attributable to the book and tax basis difference in the C-corporation 
assets, which had a corresponding impact on noncontrolling interests of $5,144. 

F- 27

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

The Company’s consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2016 include the results of 
operations of the Chalmette refinery for the full year. The Company’s consolidated financial statements for the 
year ended December 31, 2015 include the results of operations of the Chalmette refinery since November 1, 2015 
during which period the Chalmette refinery contributed revenues of $643,267 and net income of $53,539. On an 
unaudited pro forma basis, the revenues and net income of the Company assuming the acquisition had occurred 
on January 1, 2014, are shown below. The unaudited pro forma information does not purport to present what the 
Company’s actual results would have been had the acquisition occurred on January 1, 2014, nor is the financial 
information indicative of the results of future operations. The unaudited pro forma financial information includes 
the  depreciation  and  amortization  expense  related  to  the  acquisition  and  interest  expense  associated  with  the 
Chalmette acquisition financing.

(Unaudited)
Pro forma revenues

Pro forma net income attributable to PBF Energy Inc. stockholders

Pro forma net income available to Class A common stock per share:

Basic

Diluted

Year ended December 31,
2015

$

$

$

16,811,922

263,606

2.72

2.70

The  unaudited  amount  of  revenues  and  net  income  above  have  been  calculated  after  conforming  Chalmette 
Refining's accounting policies to those of the Company and certain one-time adjustments.

Acquisition Expenses

The Company incurred acquisition related costs consisting primarily of consulting and legal expenses related to 
the Torrance Acquisition, the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase, the Chalmette Acquisition and other pending and non-
consummated acquisitions of $17,510 and $5,833 in the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 
Acquisition related expenses were not material for the year ended December 31, 2014. These costs are included 
in the consolidated income statement in General and administrative expenses. 

5. INVENTORIES

Inventories consisted of the following:

December 31, 2016

Crude oil and feedstocks

Refined products and blendstocks

Warehouse stock and other

Lower of cost or market adjustment

Total inventories

Titled
Inventory

Inventory
Supply and
Intermediation
Arrangements

Total

1,102,007

$

— $

1,102,007

915,397

89,680

2,107,084
(492,415)
1,614,669

$

$

352,464

1,267,861

—

352,464
(103,573)
248,891

$

$

89,680

2,459,548
(595,988)
1,863,560

$

$

$

F- 28

 
PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Crude oil and feedstocks

Refined products and blendstocks

Warehouse stock and other

Lower of cost or market adjustment

Total inventories

December 31, 2015

Titled
Inventory

Inventory
Supply and
Intermediation
Arrangements

Total

$

1,137,605

$

— $

1,137,605

687,389

55,257

$

$

1,880,251
(966,564)
913,687

$

$

411,357

1,098,746

—

55,257

411,357
(150,772)
260,585

$

$

2,291,608
(1,117,336)
1,174,272

Inventory  under  inventory  supply  and  intermediation  arrangements  included  certain  crude  oil  stored  at  the 
Company’s  Delaware  City  refinery's  storage  facilities  that  the  Company  was  obligated  to  purchase  as  it  was 
consumed in connection with its Crude Supply Agreement that expired on December 31, 2015; and light finished 
products sold to counterparties in connection with the A&R Intermediation Agreements and stored in the Paulsboro 
and Delaware City refineries' storage facilities.

Due to the lower crude oil and refined product pricing environment beginning at the end of 2014 and continuing 
throughout 2015 and 2016, the Company recorded adjustments to value its inventories to the lower of cost or 
market. During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Company recorded an adjustment to value its inventories 
to the lower of cost or market which increased operating income and net income by $521,348 and $317,704, 
respectively,  reflecting  the  net  change  in  the  lower  of  cost  or  market  inventory  reserve  from  $1,117,336  at 
December 31, 2015 to $595,988 at December 31, 2016. During the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company 
recorded an adjustment to value its inventories to the lower of cost or market which decreased operating income 
and net income by $427,226 and $258,045, respectively, reflecting the net change in the lower of cost or market 
inventory reserve from $690,110 at December 31, 2014 to $1,117,336  at December 31, 2015.

An actual valuation of inventories valued under the LIFO method is made at the end of each year based on inventory 
levels and costs at that time. We recorded a pre-tax charge related to a LIFO layer decrement of $11,746 in the 
Refining segment during the year ended December 31, 2016. No such LIFO decrement was recorded in the year 
ended December 31, 2015.

F- 29

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

6. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following:

Land
Process units, pipelines and equipment
Buildings and leasehold improvements
Computers, furniture and fixtures
Construction in progress

Less—Accumulated depreciation

December 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

$

$

352,607
3,013,801
50,711
82,120
307,659
3,806,898
(478,128)
3,328,770

$

$

93,673
2,368,224
34,265
72,672
150,393
2,719,227
(362,589)
2,356,638

Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $116,629, $94,781 and $114,919, 
respectively.  The  Company  capitalized  $8,452  and  $3,529  in  interest  during  2016  and  2015,  respectively,  in 
connection with construction in progress.

For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company determined that it would abandon a capital project at the 
Delaware City refinery. The project was related to the construction of a new hydrocracker (the “Hydrocracker 
Project”). The carrying value for the Hydrocracker Project was $28,508. The total pre-tax impairment charge of 
$28,508  was  recorded  in  depreciation  and  amortization  expense  in  the  Refining  segment  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2014. No additional cash expenditures were incurred related to the Hydrocracker Project subsequent 
to the impairment charge. 

7. DEFERRED CHARGES AND OTHER ASSETS, NET

Deferred charges and other assets, net consisted of the following: 

Deferred turnaround costs, net

Catalyst, net

Linefill

Restricted cash

Environmental credits

Intangible assets, net

Other

December 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

$

302,919

$

177,236

114,788

19,485

—

51,636

577

17,191

77,725

13,504

1,500

10,829

219

9,700

Total deferred charges and other assets, net

$

506,596

$

290,713

The Company recorded amortization expense related to deferred turnaround costs, catalyst and intangible assets 
of $105,547, $102,636 and $65,452 for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 respectively. The 
restricted cash consisted primarily of cash held as collateral securing the PBF Rail credit facility.

F- 30

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Intangible assets, net was comprised of permits and emission credits as follows:

Gross amount
Accumulated amortization

Net amount

8. ACCRUED EXPENSES 

Accrued expenses consisted of the following:

Inventory-related accruals

Inventory intermediation arrangements
Accrued transportation costs

Excise and sales tax payable
Renewable energy credit and emissions obligations

Accrued utilities

Accrued construction in progress

Accrued interest

Accrued salaries and benefits

Environmental liabilities 

Customer deposits

Other

December 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

$

$

3,996
(3,419)
577

$

$

3,597
(3,378)
219

December 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

$

810,027

$

225,524
89,830

86,046

70,158

44,190

35,149

28,570

17,466

9,434

9,215

42,075

548,800

252,380
91,546

34,129

19,472

25,192

7,400

24,806

61,011

2,178

20,395

31,880

$

1,467,684

$

1,119,189

The Company has the obligation to repurchase certain intermediates and finished products that are held in the 
Company’s refinery storage tanks at the Delaware City and Paulsboro refineries in accordance with the A&R 
Intermediation Agreements with J. Aron. As of December 31, 2016, a liability is recognized for the inventory 
supply and intermediation arrangements and is recorded at market price for the J. Aron owned inventory held in 
the Company's storage tanks under the A&R Intermediation Agreements, with any change in the market price being 
recorded in cost of sales. 

The Company is subject to obligations to purchase Renewable Identification Numbers ("RINs") required to comply 
with the Renewable Fuels Standard. The Company's overall RINs obligation is based on a percentage of domestic 
shipments of on-road fuels as established by the Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA"). To the degree the 
Company is unable to blend the required amount of biofuels to satisfy our RINs obligation, RINs must be purchased 
on the open market to avoid penalties and fines. The Company records its RINs obligation on a net basis in Accrued 
expenses when its RINs liability is greater than the amount of RINs earned and purchased in a given period and 
in Prepaid expenses and other current assets when the amount of RINs earned and purchased is greater than the 
RINs liability. In addition, the Company is subject to obligations to comply with federal and state legislative and 
regulatory measures to address environmental compliance and greenhouse gas and other emissions, including AB 
32 in California. These requirements include incremental costs to operate and maintain our facilities as well as to 
implement and manage new emission controls and programs, which have contributed to the increase in accrued 
environmental liabilities and emission obligations following the Torrance Acquisition. 

F- 31

 
 
PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

9. DELAWARE ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY LOAN

In June 2010, in connection with the Delaware City acquisition, the Delaware Economic Development Authority 
(the “Authority”) granted the Company a $20,000 loan to assist with operating costs and the cost of restarting the 
refinery. The loan converted to a grant in tranches of $4,000 annually over a five-year period, starting at the one-
year  anniversary  of  the  “certified  restart  date”  as  defined  in  the  agreement  and  certified  by  the Authority.  In 
December 2016, the Company received confirmation from the Authority that the final tranche had satisfied the 
conditions necessary to be converted to a grant. Accordingly, there was no outstanding balance under the Delaware 
Economic Development Authority Loan at December 31, 2016.

10. CREDIT FACILITY AND LONG-TERM DEBT

PBF Holding Revolving Loan

On August 15, 2014, PBF Holding amended and restated the terms of the Revolving Loan to, among other things, 
increase the commitment from $1,610,000 to $2,500,000, and extend the maturity to August 2019. In addition, the 
amended and restated agreement reduced the interest rate on advances and the commitment fee paid on the unused 
portion of the facility. The amended and restated agreement also increased the sublimit for letters of credit from 
$1,000,000 to $1,500,000 and reduced the combined LC Participation Fee and Fronting Fee paid on each issued 
and outstanding letter of credit. The LC Participation Fee ranges from 1.25% to 2.0% depending on the Company's 
senior secured debt rating and the Fronting Fee is equal to 0.25%.

An accordion feature allows for increases in the aggregate commitment of up to $2,750,000. In November and 
December 2015, PBF Holding increased the maximum availability under the Revolving Loan to $2,600,000 and 
$2,635,000, respectively. At the option of PBF Holding, advances under the Revolving Loan bear interest either 
at the Alternate Base Rate plus the Applicable Margin, or the Adjusted LIBOR Rate plus the Applicable Margin, 
all as defined in the agreement. The Applicable Margin ranges from 1.50% to 2.25% for Adjusted LIBOR Rate 
Loans and from 0.50% to 1.25% for Alternative Base Rate Loans, depending on the Company's senior secured 
debt rating. Interest is paid in arrears, either quarterly in the case of Alternate Base Rate Loans or at the maturity 
of each Adjusted LIBOR Rate Loan.

Advances under the Revolving Loan, plus all issued and outstanding letters of credit may not exceed the lesser of 
$2,635,000 or the Borrowing Base, as defined in the agreement. The Revolving Loan can be prepaid, without 
penalty, at any time.

The  Revolving  Loan  contains  customary  covenants  and  restrictions  on  the  activities  of  PBF  Holding  and  its 
subsidiaries, including, but not limited to, limitations on the incurrence of additional indebtedness; liens, negative 
pledges,  guarantees,  investments,  loans,  asset  sales,  mergers,  acquisitions  and  prepayment  of  other  debt; 
distributions, dividends and the repurchase of capital stock; transactions with affiliates; the ability to change the 
nature of its business or its fiscal year; the ability to amend the terms of the Senior Secured Notes documents; and 
sale and leaseback transactions. 

In addition, the Revolving Loan has a financial covenant which requires that if at any time Excess Availability, as 
defined in the agreement, is less than the greater of (i) 10% of the lesser of the then existing Borrowing Base and 
the  then  aggregate  Revolving  Commitments  of  the  Lenders  (the  Financial  Covenant  Testing Amount),  and 
(ii) $100,000, and until such time as Excess Availability is greater than the Financial Covenant Testing Amount 
and $100,000 for a period of 12 or more consecutive days, PBF Holding will not permit the Consolidated Fixed 
Charge Coverage Ratio, as defined in the agreement and determined as of the last day of the most recently completed 
quarter, to be less than 1.1 to 1.0. 

PBF  Holding’s  obligations  under  the  Revolving  Loan  (a)  are  guaranteed  by  each  of  its  domestic  operating 
subsidiaries that are not Excluded Subsidiaries (as defined in the agreement) and (b) are secured by a lien on (x) 
PBF LLC’s equity interest in PBF Holding and (y) certain assets of PBF Holding and the subsidiary guarantors, 

F- 32

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

including all deposit accounts (other than zero balance accounts, cash collateral accounts, trust accounts and/or 
payroll accounts, all of which are excluded from the collateral), all accounts receivable, all hydrocarbon inventory 
(other than the intermediate and finished products owned by J. Aron pursuant to the Inventory Intermediation 
Agreements) and to the extent evidencing, governing, securing or otherwise related to the foregoing, all general 
intangibles, chattel paper, instruments, documents, letter of credit rights and supporting obligations; and all products 
and proceeds of the foregoing.

The outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Loan as of December 31, 2016 was $350,000. There were no
outstanding borrowings under the Revolving Loan as of December 31, 2015. Standby letters of credit were $411,997
and $351,511 as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

PBFX Credit Facilities

On May 14, 2014, in connection with the closing of the PBFX Offering, PBFX entered into a five-year, $275,000 
senior secured revolving credit facility (the “PBFX Revolving Credit Facility”) and a three-year, $300,000 term 
loan facility (the “PBFX Term Loan”), each with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, 
and a syndicate of lenders. The PBFX Revolving Credit Facility was increased from $275,000 to $325,000 in 
December 2014 and from $325,000 to $360,000 in May 2016.

The PBFX Revolving Credit Facility is available to fund working capital, acquisitions, distributions and capital 
expenditures and for other general partnership purposes. PBFX can increase the maximum amount of the PBFX 
Revolving Credit Facility by an aggregate amount of up to $240,000, to a total facility size of $600,000, subject 
to  receiving  increased  commitments  from  lenders  or  other  financial  institutions  and  satisfaction  of  certain 
conditions. The PBFX Revolving Credit Facility includes a $25,000 sublimit for standby letters of credit and a 
$25,000 sublimit for swingline loans. Obligations under the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility and certain cash 
management and hedging obligations designated by PBFX are guaranteed by its restricted subsidiaries, and are 
secured by a first priority lien on PBFX’s assets (including PBFX’s equity interests in Delaware City Terminaling 
Company LLC) and those of PBFX’s restricted subsidiaries (other than excluded assets and a guaranty of collection 
from PBF LLC). The maturity date of the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility may be extended for one year on up to 
two occasions, subject to certain customary terms and conditions. Borrowings under the PBFX Revolving Credit 
Facility bear interest at either a base rate plus an applicable margin ranging from 0.75% to 1.75%, or at LIBOR 
plus an applicable margin ranging from 1.75% to 2.75%. The applicable margin will vary based upon PBFX’s 
Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio, as defined in the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility.

The PBFX Term Loan was used to fund a distribution to PBF LLC and is guaranteed by a guaranty of collection 
from PBF LLC and secured at all times by cash, U.S. Treasury or other investment grade securities in an amount 
equal to or greater than the outstanding principal amount (refer to "Note 11 - Marketable Securities"). Borrowings 
under the PBFX Term Loan bear interest either at the Base Rate (as defined in the PBFX Term Loan), or at LIBOR 
plus an applicable margin equal to 0.25%. 

The PBFX Revolving Credit Facility contains affirmative and negative covenants customary for revolving credit 
facilities of this nature which, among other things, limit or restrict PBFX’s ability and the ability of its restricted 
subsidiaries to incur or guarantee debt, incur liens, make investments, make restricted payments, amend material 
contracts, engage in certain business activities, engage in mergers, consolidations and other organizational changes, 
sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of assets or enter into burdensome agreements or enter into transactions with 
affiliates on terms which are not arm’s length. The PBFX Term Loan contains affirmative and negative covenants 
customary for term loans of this nature which, among other things, limit PBFX’s use of the proceeds and restrict 
PBFX’s ability to incur liens and enter into burdensome agreements.

Additionally, under the terms of the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility, PBFX is required to maintain the following 
financial ratios, each tested on a quarterly basis for the immediately preceding four quarter period then ended (or 
such shorter period as shall apply, the “Measurement Period”): (a) until such time as PBFX obtains an investment 

F- 33

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

grade credit rating, a Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio (as defined in the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility) of 
at least 2.50 to 1.00; (b) a Consolidated Total Leverage Ratio of not greater than 4.00 to 1.00 (or 4.50 to 1.00 at 
any time after (i) PBFX has issued at least $100,000 of unsecured notes, and (ii) in addition to clause (i), upon the 
consummation of a Material Permitted Acquisition (as defined in the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility) and for 
two-hundred seventy days immediately thereafter (an “Increase Period”), if elected by PBFX by written notice to 
the administrative agent given on or prior to the date of such acquisition, the maximum permitted Consolidated 
Total Coverage Ratio shall be increased by 0.50 to 1.00 above the otherwise relevant level (the “Step-Up”), provided 
that Increase Periods may not be successive unless the ratio has been complied with for at least one Measurement 
Period ending after such Increase Period (i.e., without giving effect to the Step-Up)); and (c) after PBFX has issued 
at least $100,000 of unsecured notes, a Consolidated Senior Secured Leverage Ratio (as defined in the credit 
agreement) of not greater than 3.50 to 1.00. The PBFX Revolving Credit Facility generally prohibits PBFX from 
making cash distributions (subject to certain exceptions) except for so long as no default or event of default exists 
or would be caused thereby, and only to the extent permitted by PBFX's partnership agreement, PBFX may make 
cash distributions to its unit holders up to the amount of PBFX’s Available Cash (as defined in the partnership 
agreement). 

The PBFX Revolving Credit Facility and the PBFX Term Loan contain events of default customary for transactions 
of their nature, including, but not limited to (and subject to any applicable grace periods in certain circumstances), 
the failure to pay any principal, interest or fees when due, failure to perform or observe any covenant contained 
in  the  PBFX  Revolving  Credit  Facility  or  related  documentation,  any  representation  or  warranty  made  in  the 
agreements or related documentation being untrue in any material respect when made, default under certain material 
debt  agreements,  commencement  of  bankruptcy  or  other  insolvency  proceedings,  certain  changes  in  PBFX’s 
ownership or the ownership or board composition of PBF GP and material judgments or orders. Upon the occurrence 
and during the continuation of an event of default under the agreements, the lenders may, among other things, 
terminate their commitments, declare any outstanding loans to be immediately due and payable and/or exercise 
remedies against PBFX and the collateral as may be available to the lenders under the agreements and related 
documentation or applicable law.

The PBFX Revolving Credit Facility and the PBFX Term Loan may be repaid, from time-to-time, without penalty. 
As of December 31, 2016, there were $189,200 of borrowings and $3,610 of letters of credit outstanding under 
the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility, $39,664 outstanding under the PBFX Term Loan and $350,000 outstanding 
under the PBFX Senior Notes. At December 31, 2015, there were $24,500 of borrowings and $2,000 of letters of 
credit outstanding under the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility, $234,200 outstanding under the PBFX Term Loan 
and $350,000 outstanding under the PBFX Senior Notes. 

PBFX Senior Notes

On May 12, 2015, PBFX entered into an indenture among the Partnership, PBF Logistics Finance Corporation, a 
Delaware corporation and wholly-owned subsidiary of the Partnership (“PBF Finance,” and together with the 
Partnership, the “Issuers”), the Guarantors named therein and Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, as Trustee, 
under which the Issuers issued $350,000 in aggregate principal amount of 6.875% Senior Notes due 2023 (the 
"PBFX Senior Notes"). The initial purchasers in the offering purchased $330,090 aggregate principal amount of 
PBFX Senior Notes pursuant to a private placement transaction conducted under Rule 144A and Regulation S of 
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and certain of PBF Energy’s officers and directors and their affiliates and 
family members purchased the remaining $19,910 aggregate principal amount of PBFX Senior Notes in a separate 
private placement transaction. The Issuers received net proceeds of approximately $343,000 from the offering after 
deducting the initial purchasers’ discount and offering expenses, and used such proceeds to pay $88,000 of the 
cash consideration due in connection with the Delaware City Products Pipeline and Truck Rack Acquisition and 
to repay $255,000 of outstanding indebtedness under the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility.

PBF LLC agreed to a limited guarantee of collection of the principal amount of the PBFX Senior Notes, but is not 
otherwise subject to the covenants of the indenture. The PBFX Senior Notes are general senior unsecured obligations 

F- 34

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

of the Issuers and are equal in right of payment with all of the Issuers’ existing and future senior indebtedness, 
including amounts outstanding under the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility and the PBFX Term Loan.  The PBFX 
Senior Notes are effectively subordinated to all of the Issuers’ and the Guarantors’ existing and future secured debt, 
including the PBFX Revolving Credit Facility and PBFX Term Loan, to the extent of the value of the assets securing 
that  secured  debt  and  will  be  structurally  subordinated  to  all  indebtedness  of  PBFX’s  subsidiaries  that  do  not 
guarantee the PBFX Senior Notes. The PBFX Senior Notes will be senior to any future subordinated indebtedness 
the Issuers may incur.

The PBFX indenture contains customary terms, events of default and covenants for transactions of this nature. 
These covenants include limitations on PBFX’s and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability to, among other things: (i) 
make  investments,  (ii) incur  additional  indebtedness  or  issue  preferred  units,  (iii)  pay  dividends  or  make 
distributions on units or redeem or repurchase its subordinated debt, (iv) create liens, (v) incur dividend or other 
payment restrictions affecting subsidiaries, (vi) sell assets, (vii) merge or consolidate with other entities and (viii) 
enter  into  transactions  with  affiliates.  These  covenants  are  subject  to  a  number  of  important  limitations  and 
exceptions. 

PBFX has optional redemption rights to repurchase all or a portion of the PBFX Senior Notes at varying prices no 
less than 100% of the principal amount of the PBFX Senior Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest. The holders 
of  the  PBFX  Senior  Notes  have  repurchase  options  exercisable  only  upon  a  change  in  control,  certain  asset 
dispositions, or in event of default as defined in the indenture. 

PBF Rail Revolving Credit Facility

Effective March 25, 2014, PBF Rail Logistics Company LLC (“PBF Rail”), an indirect wholly-owned subsidiary 
of PBF Holding, entered into a $250,000 secured revolving credit agreement (the “Rail Facility”) with a consortium 
of banks, including Credit Agricole Corporate & Investment Bank as Administrative Agent. The primary purpose 
of the Rail Facility was to fund the acquisition by PBF Rail of coiled and insulated crude tank cars and non-coiled 
and non-insulated general purpose crude tank cars before December 2015. The Rail Facility was amended on two 
occasions in 2015 and 2016. On December 22, 2016, the Rail Facility was repaid in full and terminated in connection 
with the issuance of the PBF Rail Term Loan (defined below). 

There was no amount outstanding under the Rail Facility at December 31, 2016. There was $67,491 outstanding 
under the Rail Facility at December 31, 2015.

PBF Rail Term Loan 

On December 22, 2016, PBF Rail entered into a $35,000 term loan (the “PBF Rail Term Loan”) with DVB Bank 
SE (“DVB”). The PBF Rail Term Loan amortizes monthly over its five year term and bears interest at the one 
month LIBOR plus 2.0%. As security for the PBF Rail Term Loan, PBF Rail pledged, among other things: (i) 
certain eligible railcars; (ii) the Debt Service Reserve Account; and (iii) PBF Holding's membership interest in 
PBF Rail. Additionally, the PBF Rail Term Loan contains customary terms, events of default and covenants for 
transactions of this nature. PBF Rail may at any time repay the PBF Rail Term Loan without penalty in the event 
that railcars collateralizing the loan are sold, scrapped or otherwise removed from the collateral pool. 

As of December 31, 2016, there was $35,000 outstanding under the PBF Rail Term Loan.

Senior Secured Notes

On  February 9,  2012,  PBF  Holding  and  PBF  Holding’s  wholly-owned  subsidiary,  PBF  Finance  Corporation, 
completed the offering of $675,500 aggregate principal amount of 8.25% Senior Secured Notes due 2020 (the 
"2020 Senior Secured Notes"). The net proceeds, after deducting the original issue discount, the initial purchasers’ 
discounts and commissions, and the fees and expenses of the offering, were used to repay all of the outstanding 

F- 35

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

indebtedness plus accrued interest owed under the Toledo Promissory Note, the Paulsboro Promissory Note, and 
the Term Loan, as well as to reduce the outstanding balance of the Revolving Loan.

On November 24, 2015, PBF Holding and PBF Holding’s wholly-owned subsidiary, PBF Finance Corporation, 
completed an offering of $500,000 in aggregate principal amount of 7.00% Senior Secured Notes due 2023 (the 
“2023 Senior Secured Notes”, and together with the 2020 Senior Secured Notes, the "Senior Secured Notes"). The 
net proceeds from this offering were approximately $490,000 after deducting the initial purchasers’ discount and 
offering expenses. The Company used the proceeds for general corporate purposes, including to fund a portion of 
the purchase price for the acquisition of the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets. 

The 2023 Senior Secured Notes included a registration payment arrangement whereby the Company agreed to use 
commercially reasonable efforts to consummate an offer to exchange the 2023 Senior Secured Notes for an issue 
of registered notes with terms substantially identical to the notes not later than 365 days after the date of the original 
issuance of the notes. This registration statement was declared effective on December 1, 2016 and the exchange 
was consummated on January 19, 2017. As the exchange offer was not consummated by November 24, 2016, 
additional interest was added at a rate of 0.25% per annum for the period from November 24, 2016 through the 
consummation of the exchange. As a result, the Company recognized approximately $127 of additional interest 
expense in 2016.

The Senior Secured Notes are secured on a first-priority basis by substantially all of the present and future assets 
of PBF Holding and its subsidiaries (other than assets securing the Revolving Loan). Payment of the Senior Secured 
Notes is jointly and severally guaranteed by substantially all of PBF Holding’s subsidiaries. PBF Holding has 
optional redemption rights to repurchase all or a portion of the Senior Secured Notes at varying prices no less than 
100% of the principal amounts of the notes plus accrued and unpaid interest. The holders of the Senior Secured 
Notes have repurchase options exercisable only upon a change in control, certain asset sale transactions, or in event 
of a default as defined in the indenture agreement. 

In addition, the Senior Secured Notes contain customary terms, events of default and covenants for an issuer of 
non-investment grade debt securities including limitations on PBF Holding's and its restricted subsidiaries’ ability 
to, among other things, incur additional indebtedness or issue certain preferred stock; make equity distributions, 
pay  dividends  on  or  repurchase  capital  stock  or  make  other  restricted  payments;  enter  into  transactions  with 
affiliates; create liens; engage in mergers and consolidations or otherwise sell all or substantially all of its assets; 
designate subsidiaries as unrestricted subsidiaries; make certain investments; and limit the ability of restricted 
subsidiaries to make payments to PBF Holding. 

At all times after (a) a covenant suspension event (which requires that the Senior Secured Notes have investment 
grade ratings from both Moody’s Investment Services, Inc. and Standard & Poor’s), or (b) a Collateral Fall-Away 
Event, as defined in the indenture, the Senior Secured Notes will become unsecured.

Catalyst Leases

Certain subsidiaries of the Company have entered into agreements whereby such subsidiary sold a portion of its 
precious metals catalyst to a major commercial bank and then leased the catalyst back. The volume of the precious 
metals catalyst and the lease rate are fixed over the term of each lease, which is generally three years. At the maturity 
of each lease, the Company must repurchase the precious metals catalyst in question at its then fair market value. 
The Company believes that there is a substantial market for precious metals catalyst leases and that it will be able 
to release such catalyst at maturity. The Company treated these transactions as financing arrangements, and the 
lease payments are recorded as interest expense over the agreements’ terms. The Company has elected the fair 
value  option  for  accounting  for  its  catalyst  lease  repurchase  obligations  as  the  Company’s  liability  is  directly 
impacted  by  the  change  in  value  of  the  underlying  catalyst. The  fair  value  of  these  repurchase  obligations  as 
reflected in the fair value of long-term debt outstanding table below is measured using Level 2 inputs.

F- 36

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Details on the catalyst leases at each of the Company's refineries as of December 31, 2016 are included in the 
following table:

Annual lease fee

Annual interest
rate

Paulsboro catalyst lease

Delaware City catalyst lease

$

$

Delaware City catalyst lease - Palladium $

Toledo catalyst lease

Chalmette catalyst lease

Chalmette catalyst lease

Torrance catalyst lease

$

$

$

$

140

210

30

331

185

171

143

2.20%

1.95%

2.05%

1.99%

3.85%

2.20%

1.78%

Expiration date

December 2019

October 2019

October 2019

June 2017 *

November 2018

November 2019

July 2019

* The Toledo catalyst lease is included in long-term debt as of December 31, 2016 as the Company has the ability 
and intent to finance this debt through availability under other credit facilities if the catalyst lease is not renewed 
at maturity. 

Long-term debt outstanding consisted of the following:

2020 Senior Secured Notes
2023 Senior Secured Notes
Revolving Loan
PBF Rail Term Loan
PBFX Revolving Credit Facility
PBFX Term Loan
PBFX Senior Notes
Rail Facility
Catalyst leases
Unamortized deferred financing costs

Less—Current maturities
Long-term debt

December 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

$

$

670,867
500,000
350,000
35,000
189,200
39,664
350,000
—
45,969
(32,466)
2,148,234
39,664
2,108,570

$

$

669,644
500,000
—
—
24,500
234,200
350,000
67,491
31,802
(41,282)
1,836,355
—
1,836,355

F- 37

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Debt Maturities

Debt maturing in the next five years and thereafter is as follows: 

Year Ending
December 31,
2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter

$

$

49,462

4,941

570,430

670,867

35,000

850,000

2,180,700

11. MARKETABLE SECURITIES

The U.S. Treasury securities purchased by the Company with the proceeds from the PBFX Offering are used as 
collateral to secure a three-year, $300,000 term loan facility entered into by PBFX (the “PBFX Term Loan”). PBFX 
anticipates holding the securities for an indefinite amount of time (the securities will be rolled over as they mature). 
As necessary and at the discretion of PBFX, these securities are expected to be liquidated and the proceeds used 
to fund future capital expenditures. While PBFX does not routinely sell marketable securities prior to their scheduled 
maturity dates, some of PBFX's investments may be held and restricted for the purpose of funding future capital 
expenditures and acquisitions, so these investments are classified as available-for-sale marketable securities as 
they may occasionally be sold prior to their scheduled maturity dates due to the unexpected timing of cash needs. 
The carrying value of these marketable securities approximates fair value and are measured using Level 1 inputs. 
The maturities of the marketable securities range from one to three months and are classified on the balance sheet 
as  current  assets  as  of  December 31,  2016. As  described  in  "Note  4  - Acquisitions",  PBFX  sold  $98,336  of 
marketable securities to fund the consideration for the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase during the three months ended 
June 30, 2016. As described in "Note 3 - PBF Logistics LP", PBFX sold $76,200 of marketable securities to partially 
fund the consideration used to acquire the 50% interest in TVPC pursuant to the TVPC Contribution Agreement 
in the third quarter of 2016. 

As  of  December 31,  2016  and  December 31,  2015  the  Company  held  $40,024  and  $234,258,  respectively,  in 
marketable securities. The gross unrecognized holding gains and losses for the years ended December 31, 2016
and December 31, 2015 were not material. The net realized gains or losses from the sale of marketable securities 
were not material for the years ended December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015. 

12. OTHER LONG-TERM LIABILITIES

Other long-term liabilities consisted of the following:

Defined benefit pension plan liabilities
Post-retirement medical plan liabilities
Environmental liabilities
Other
Total other long-term liabilities

F- 38

December 31,
2016

December 31,
2015

$

$

60,141
22,740
145,928
226
229,035

$

$

42,509
17,729
8,189
182
68,609

 
PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

The  Company  engaged  Fuel  Strategies  International,  Inc.,  the  principal  of  which  is  the  brother  of  the  former 
Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company, to provide consulting services relating to petroleum 
coke and commercial operations. For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 there were no charges under 
this agreement. For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company incurred charges of $588 under this agreement. 
This agreement has expired and is no longer in force.

The Company has an agreement with the former Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors, for the use of an 
airplane that is owned by a company owned by the former Executive Chairman. The Company pays a charter rate 
that is the lowest rate this aircraft is chartered to third-parties. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 
2014, the Company incurred charges of $824, $957 and $1,214, respectively, related to the use of this airplane.

Effective  July  1,  2016,  PBF  Investments  LLC  entered  into  a  Consulting  Services Agreement  with  the  former 
Executive Chairman of the Board of Directors for executive consultation with respect to strategic, operational, 
business and financial matters.  Consulting payments made under this agreement were $500 for the year ended 
December 31, 2016 and payments are expected to be $900 annually through the agreement expiration date of 
December 31, 2018.

As of December 31, 2013, each of Blackstone and First Reserve, the Company’s financial sponsors, had received 
the full return of its aggregate amount invested in PBF LLC Series A Units. As a result, pursuant to the amended 
and restated limited liability company agreement of PBF LLC, the holders of PBF LLC Series B Units are entitled 
to an interest in the amounts received by Blackstone and First Reserve in excess of their original investment in the 
form of PBF LLC distributions and from the shares of PBF Energy Class A Common Stock issuable to Blackstone 
and First Reserve (for their own account and on behalf of the holders of PBF LLC Series B Units) upon an exchange, 
and the proceeds from the sale of such shares. Such proceeds received by Blackstone and First Reserve are distributed 
to the holders of the PBF LLC Series B Units in accordance with the distribution percentages specified in the PBF 
LLC amended and restated limited liability company agreement. The total amount distributed to the PBF LLC 
Series B Unit holders for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 was $6,152, $19,592 and $130,523, 
respectively.

14. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Lease and Other Commitments

The Company leases office space, office equipment, refinery facilities and equipment, and railcars under non-
cancelable operating leases, with terms ranging from one to twenty years, subject to certain renewal options as 
applicable. Total rent expense was $129,768, $126,060, and $98,473 for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015
and 2014, respectively. The Company is party to agreements which provide for the treatment of wastewater and 
the supply of hydrogen and steam for certain of its refineries. The Company made purchases of $53,364, $36,139
and $40,444 under these supply agreements for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

The fixed and determinable amounts of the obligations under these agreements and total minimum future annual 
rentals, exclusive of related costs, are approximately:

Year Ending December 31,
2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter

Total obligations

F- 39

$

$

157,200

139,865

115,907

101,868

59,670

189,013

763,523

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Employment Agreements

PBF  Investments  ("PBFI")  has  entered  into  amended  and  restated  employment  agreements  with  members  of 
executive management and certain other key personnel that include automatic annual renewals, unless canceled. 
Under some of the agreements, certain of the executives would receive a lump sum payment of between one and 
a half to 2.99 times their base salary and continuation of certain employee benefits for the same period upon 
termination by the Company “Without Cause”, or by the employee “For Good Reason”, or upon a “Change in 
Control”, as defined in the agreements. Upon death or disability, certain of the Company’s executives, or their 
estates, would receive a lump sum payment of at least one half of their base salary.

Environmental Matters

The Company’s refineries, pipelines and related operations are subject to extensive and frequently changing federal, 
state and local laws and regulations, including, but not limited to, those relating to the discharge of materials into 
the  environment  or  that  otherwise  relate  to  the  protection  of  the  environment,  waste  management  and  the 
characteristics and the compositions of fuels. Compliance with existing and anticipated laws and regulations can 
increase the overall cost of operating the refineries, including remediation, operating costs and capital costs to 
construct, maintain and upgrade equipment and facilities.

In connection with the Paulsboro refinery acquisition, the Company assumed certain environmental remediation 
obligations. The Paulsboro environmental liability of $10,792 recorded as of December 31, 2016 ($10,367 as of 
December 31,  2015)  represents  the  present  value  of  expected  future  costs  discounted  at  a  rate  of  8%.  At 
December 31, 2016 the undiscounted liability is $16,655 and the Company expects to make aggregate payments 
for this liability of $6,591 over the next five years. The current portion of the environmental liability is recorded 
in Accrued expenses and the non-current portion is recorded in Other long-term liabilities. As of December 31, 
2016 and December 31, 2015, this liability is self-guaranteed by the Company.

In connection with the acquisition of the Delaware City assets, Valero Energy Corporation ("Valero") remains 
responsible for certain pre-acquisition environmental obligations up to $20,000 and the predecessor to Valero in 
ownership of the refinery retains other historical obligations.

In connection with the acquisition of the Delaware City assets and the Paulsboro refinery, the Company and Valero 
purchased ten year, $75,000 environmental insurance policies to insure against unknown environmental liabilities 
at each site. In connection with the Toledo refinery acquisition, Sunoco, Inc. (R&M) ("Sunoco") remains responsible 
for environmental remediation for conditions that existed on the closing date for twenty years from March 1, 2011 
subject to certain limitations. 

In connection with the acquisition of the Chalmette refinery, the Company obtained $3,936 in financial assurance 
(in the form of a surety bond) to cover estimated potential site remediation costs associated with an agreed to 
Administrative Order of Consent with the EPA. The estimated cost assumes remedial activities will continue for 
a  minimum  of  30  years.  Further,  in  connection  with  the  acquisition  of  the  Chalmette  refinery,  the  Company 
purchased a ten year, $100,000 environmental insurance policy to insure against unknown environmental liabilities 
at the refinery.

In connection with the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase, PBFX is responsible for the environmental remediation costs 
for conditions that existed on the closing date up to a maximum of $250 per year for 10 years, with Plains All 
American Pipeline, L.P. remaining responsible for any and all additional costs above such amounts during such 
period. The environmental liability of $2,173 recorded as of December 31, 2016 represents the present value of 
expected future costs discounted at a rate of 1.83%. At December 31, 2016 the undiscounted liability is $2,377
and PBFX expects to make aggregate payments for this liability of $1,250 over the next five years. The current 
portion of the environmental liability is recorded in Accrued expenses and the non-current portion is recorded in 
Other long-term liabilities. 

As of November 1, 2015, the Company acquired Chalmette Refining, which was in discussions with the Louisiana 
Department  of  Environmental  Quality  ("LDEQ")  to  resolve  self-reported  deviations  from  refinery  operations 

F- 40

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

relating to certain Clean Air Act Title V permit conditions, limits and other requirements. LDEQ commenced an 
enforcement action against Chalmette Refining on November 14, 2014 by issuing a Consolidated Compliance 
Order and Notice of Potential Penalty (the "Order") covering deviations from 2009 and 2010. Chalmette Refining 
and LDEQ subsequently entered into a dispute resolution agreement, the enforcement of which has been suspended 
while negotiations are ongoing, which may include the resolution of deviations outside the periods covered by the 
Order. In February 2017, Chalmette Refining and the LDEQ met to resolve the issues under the Order, including 
the  assessment  of  an  administrative  penalty  against  Chalmette  Refining. Although  a  resolution  has  not  been 
finalized, the administrative penalty is anticipated to be approximately $700, including beneficial environmental 
projects. To the extent the administrative penalty exceeds such amount, it is not expected to be material to the 
Company.

It is reasonably possible that LDEQ will assess an administrative penalty against Chalmette Refining, but any such 
amount is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash 
flows.

On January 24, 2017, in connection with a Clean Air Act inspection in May 2014 by the EPA to determine compliance 
with 40 CFR Subpart 68 Chemical Accident Prevention Provisions, EPA notified the Chalmette refinery of its 
intent to bring an enforcement action on two (2) findings from the audit. No settlement or penalty demand has 
been received to date. It is reasonably possible that EPA will assess penalties in these matters but any such amount 
is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

On  December  23,  2016,  the  Delaware  City  refinery  received  a  Notice  of  Violation  (“NOV”)  from  DNREC 
concerning a potential violation of the DNREC order authorizing the shipment of crude oil by barge from the 
Refinery. The NOV alleges that DCR made shipments to locations other than the Paulsboro refinery in violation 
of  the  order  and  requests  certain  additional  information,  but  no  penalties  have  been  assessed  at  this  time.  On 
December  28,  2016,  DNREC  issued  a  Coastal  Zone Act  permit  (the  “Ethanol  permit”)  to  DCR  allowing  the 
utilization of existing tanks and existing marine loading equipment at their existing facilities to enable denatured 
ethanol to be loaded from storage tanks to marine vessels and shipped to offsite facilities. On January 13, 2017, 
the issuance of the Ethanol Permit was appealed by two environmental groups and the board has 60 days to hold 
a public hearing and render a final decision.

On February 3, 2011, EPA sent a request for information pursuant to Section 114 of the Clean Air Act to the 
Paulsboro refinery with respect to compliance with EPA standards governing flaring. The refinery and EPA have 
recently engaged in discussions regarding a potential settlement. It is reasonably possible that EPA will assess 
penalties in these but any such amount is not expected to have a material impact on the Company's financial 
position, results of operations or cash flows.

On February 14, 2017, the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection (“NJDEP”) submitted a proposed 
Administrative Consent Order (“ACO”) which covers air emission violations from 2013 through 2016 and work 
practice standards that were not subject to an affirmative defense at the Paulsboro refinery (“PRC”). In settlement 
of the violations, the NJDEP has proposed that PRC pay a civil administrative penalty of $313, which includes 
$153 for a supplemental environmental project. If the offer is accepted, the remaining $160 shall be remitted by 
PRC within 30 days of receipt of the offer. This amount is not material to the Company, individually or in the 
aggregate.

In connection with the acquisition of the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets, the Company assumed 
certain  pre-existing  environmental  liabilities  totaling  $142,456  as  of December 31,  2016,  related  to  certain 
environmental remediation obligations to address existing soil and groundwater contamination and monitoring 
activities, which reflects the current estimated cost of the remediation obligations. The Company expects to make 
aggregate payments for this liability of $35,677 over the next five years. The current portion of the environmental 
liability is recorded in Accrued expenses and the non-current portion is recorded in Other long-term liabilities. In 
addition, in connection with the acquisition of the Torrance refinery and related logistics assets, the Company 
purchased a ten year, $100,000 environmental insurance policy to insure against unknown environmental liabilities. 
Furthermore,  in  connection  with  the  acquisition,  the  Company  assumed  responsibility  for  certain  specified 

F- 41

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

environmental matters that occurred prior to the Company’s ownership of the refinery. Specifically, the Company 
assumed responsibility for specified notices of violation ("NOVs") issued by the Southern California Air Quality 
Management District ("SCAQMD"). in various years before the Company's ownership.

Additionally, subsequent to the acquisition, the Company received further NOVs from the SCAQMD as well as 
one from the City of Torrance related to alleged operational violations, emission discharges and/or flaring incidents 
at the refinery. No settlement or penalty demands have been received to date with respect to these NOVs. As the 
ultimate outcome is uncertain, the Company cannot currently estimate the final amount or timing of its resolution. 
It is reasonably possible that SCAQMD and/or the City of Torrance will assess penalties in these matters but any 
such amount is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations 
or cash flows.

The NOV alleges the facility operated equipment while it bypassed associated air pollution control equipment in 
violation of our facility permit to operate. Opacity from FCCU 2F-7 exceeded 40 percent on July 11, 2016 and 
July 14, 2016, aggregate over 3 minutes in one continuous hour. In addition, on October 13, 2016, a NOV was 
issued by the SCAQMD for alleged nuisance created from flaring associated with the October 11, 2016 Southern 
California Edison power disruption. On January 4, 2017, a NOV was also issued for an alleged discharge of air 
contaminants from Tank 1340x113 that caused a nuisance to a considerable number of persons or to the public. 
On January 13, 2017, a NOV was issued by the City of Torrance for allegedly failing to report a release or threatened 
release of hazardous material. On January 7, 2017, the Torrance refinery allegedly experienced a third release 
(January 3, January 4 and January 7) in a week of untreated Naphtha gas due to the generation of higher capacity 
from the Coker Unit. No settlement or penalty demand have been received to date with respect to these Notices. 
It is possible that SCAQMD and/or the City of Torrance will assess penalties in these matters in excess of $100
but any such amount is not expected to be material to the Company, individually or in the aggregate.

The Company's operations and many of the products it manufactures are subject to certain specific requirements 
of the Clean Air Act (the "CAA") and related state and local regulations. The CAA contains provisions that require 
capital  expenditures  for  the  installation  of  certain  air  pollution  control  devices  at  the  Company's  refineries. 
Subsequent rule making authorized by the CAA or similar laws or new agency interpretations of existing rules, 
may necessitate additional expenditures in future years.

In 2010, New York State adopted a Low-Sulfur Heating Oil mandate that, beginning July 1, 2012, requires all 
heating oil sold in New York State to contain no more than 15 parts per million ("PPM") sulfur. Since July 1, 2012, 
other states in the Northeast market began requiring heating oil sold in their state to contain no more than 15 PPM 
sulfur. Currently, all of the Northeastern states and Washington DC have adopted sulfur controls on heating oil. 
Most of the Northeastern states will now require heating oil with 15 PPM or less sulfur by July 1, 2018 (except 
for Pennsylvania and Maryland - where 500 PPM sulfur is required). All of the heating oil the Company currently 
produces meets these specifications. The mandate and other requirements do not currently have a material impact 
on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

The EPA issued the final Tier 3 Gasoline standards on March 3, 2014 under the Clean Air Act. This final rule 
establishes more stringent vehicle emission standards and further reduces the sulfur content of gasoline starting in 
January of 2017.  The new standard is set at 10 PPM sulfur in gasoline on an annual average basis starting January 
1, 2017, with a credit trading program to provide compliance flexibility. The EPA responded to industry comments 
on the proposed rule and maintained the per gallon sulfur cap on gasoline at the existing 80 PPM cap. The standards 
set by the new rule are not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of 
operations or cash flows.

The EPA published the final 2014-2016 standards under the Renewable Fuels Standard ("RFS") late in 2015 and 
issued final 2017 RFS standards in November 2016. It is not clear that renewable fuel producers will be able to 
produce the volumes of these fuels required for blending in accordance with the 2017 standards. The final 2017 
cellulosic standard is at approximately 135% of the 2016 standard. It is likely that cellulosic RIN production will 
be lower than needed forcing obligated parties, such as the Company, to purchase cellulosic “waiver credits” to 
comply in 2017 (the waiver credit option by regulation is only available for the cellulosic standard). The advanced 

F- 42

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

and total renewable RIN requirements were raised (by 7% and 3% respectively) above the original proposed level 
in May 2016. Production of advanced RINs has been below what is needed for compliance in 2016. Obligated 
parties, such as the Company, will likely be relying on the nesting feature of the biodiesel RIN to comply with the 
advanced standard in 2017. While the Company believes that total renewable RIN production will be adequate for 
2016 needs, the new 2017 standard will put obligated parties up against the E10 blendwall leaving little flexibility. 
Compliance in 2017 will likely rely on obligated parties drawing down the supply of excess RINs collectively 
known as the “RIN bank” and could tighten the RIN market potentially raising RIN prices further. The Company 
is  currently  evaluating  the  final  standards,  including  any  possible  changes  to  the  program  following  a  new 
presidential administration, and they may have a material impact on the Company’s cost of compliance with RFS 
2.

In addition, on December 1, 2015 the EPA finalized revisions to an existing air regulation concerning Maximum 
Achievable  Control  Technologies  ("MACT")  for  Petroleum  Refineries.  The  regulation  requires  additional 
continuous monitoring systems for eligible process safety valves relieving to atmosphere, minimum flare gas heat 
(Btu) content, and delayed coke drum vent controls to be installed by January 30, 2019. In addition, a program for 
ambient fence line monitoring for benzene will need to be implemented by January 30, 2018. The Company is 
currently evaluating the final standards to evaluate the impact of this regulation, and at this time does not anticipate 
it will have a material impact on the Company's financial position, results of operations or cash flows. 

The EPA published a Final Rule to the Clean Water Act ("CWA") Section 316(b) in August 2014 regarding cooling 
water intake structures, which includes requirements for petroleum refineries. The purpose of this rule is to prevent 
fish from being trapped against cooling water intake screens (impingement) and to prevent fish from being drawn 
through cooling water systems (entrainment). Facilities will be required to implement Best Technology Available 
(BTA)  as  soon  as  possible,  but  state  agencies  have  the  discretion  to  establish  implementation  time  lines. The 
Company continues to evaluate the impact of this regulation, and at this time does not anticipate it having a material 
impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

As a result of the Torrance Acquisition, the Company is subject to greenhouse gas emission control regulations in 
the state of California pursuant to Assembly Bill 32 (“AB 32”). AB 32 imposes a statewide cap on greenhouse gas 
emissions, including emissions from transportation fuels, with the aim of returning the state to 1990 emission levels 
by 2020. AB32 is implemented through two market mechanisms including the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (“LCFS”) 
and Cap and Trade. The Company is responsible for the AB 32 obligations related to the Torrance refinery beginning 
on July 1, 2016 and must purchase emission credits to comply with these obligations. Additionally, in September 
2016, the state of California enacted Senate Bill 32 (“SB 32”) which further reduces greenhouse gas emissions 
targets to 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030. 

However, subsequent to the acquisition, the Company is recovering the majority of these costs from its customers, 
and  as  such  does  not  expect  this  obligation  to  materially  impact  the  Company’s  financial  position,  results  of 
operations,  or  cash  flows. To  the  degree  there  are  unfavorable  changes  to AB  32  or  SB  32  regulations  or  the 
Company is unable to recover such compliance costs from customers, these regulations could have a material 
adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, and liquidity.

The Company is subject to obligations to purchase Renewable Identification Numbers ("RINs") required to comply 
with the RFS. In late 2015, the EPA initiated enforcement proceedings against companies it believes produced 
invalid RINs. On October 13, 2016, PBF Holding and its subsidiaries ,Toledo Refining Company LLC and Delaware 
City Refining Company LLC ,were notified by the EPA that its records indicated that these entities used potentially 
invalid RINs. The EPA directed each of the subsidiaries to resubmit reports to remove the potentially invalid RINs 
and to replace the invalid RINs with valid RINs with the same D Code. The invalid RINs have been retired and 
the Company does not expect any settlement with the EPA to resolve this matter to be material.

The  Company  is  also  currently  subject  to  certain  other  existing  environmental  claims  and  proceedings.  The 
Company believes that there is only a remote possibility that future costs related to any of these other known 
contingent liability exposures would have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash 
flows.

F- 43

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

PBF LLC Limited Liability Company Agreement 

The holders of limited liability company interests in PBF LLC, including PBF Energy, generally have to include 
for purposes of calculating their U.S. federal, state and local income taxes their share of any taxable income of 
PBF LLC, regardless of whether such holders receive cash distributions from PBF LLC. PBF Energy ultimately 
may not receive cash distributions from PBF LLC equal to its share of such taxable income or even equal to the 
actual tax due with respect to that income. For example, PBF LLC is required to include in taxable income PBF 
LLC’s allocable share of PBFX’s taxable income and gains (such share to be determined pursuant to the partnership 
agreement of PBFX), regardless of the amount of cash distributions received by PBF LLC from PBFX, and such 
taxable income and gains will flow-through to PBF Energy to the extent of its allocable share of the taxable income 
of PBF LLC. As a result, at certain times, the amount of cash otherwise ultimately available to PBF Energy on 
account of its indirect interest in PBFX may not be sufficient for PBF Energy to pay the amount of taxes it will 
owe on account of its indirect interests in PBFX. 

Taxable income of PBF LLC generally is allocated to the holders of PBF LLC units (including PBF Energy) pro-
rata in accordance with their respective share of the net profits and net losses of PBF LLC. In general, PBF LLC 
is required to make periodic tax distributions to the members of PBF LLC, including PBF Energy, pro-rata in 
accordance with their respective percentage interests for such period (as determined under the amended and restated 
limited liability company agreement of PBF LLC), subject to available cash and applicable law and contractual 
restrictions (including pursuant to our debt instruments) and based on certain assumptions. Generally, these tax 
distributions are required to be in an amount equal to our estimate of the taxable income of PBF LLC for the year 
multiplied by an assumed tax rate equal to the highest effective marginal combined U.S. federal, state and local 
income tax rate prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account the 
nondeductibility  of  certain  expenses).  If,  with  respect  to  any  given  calendar  year,  the  aggregate  periodic  tax 
distributions were less than the actual taxable income of PBF LLC multiplied by the assumed tax rate, PBF LLC 
is required to make a “true up” tax distribution, no later than March 15 of the following year, equal to such difference, 
subject to the available cash and borrowings of PBF LLC. PBF LLC obtains funding to pay its tax distributions 
by causing PBF Holding to distribute cash to PBF LLC and from distributions it receives from PBFX.

Tax Receivable Agreement 

PBF Energy entered into a tax receivable agreement with the PBF LLC Series A and PBF LLC Series B Unit 
holders (the “Tax Receivable Agreement”) that provides for the payment by PBF Energy to such persons of an 
amount equal to 85% of the amount of the benefits, if any, that PBF Energy is deemed to realize as a result of (i) 
increases  in  tax  basis,  as  described  below,  and  (ii) certain  other  tax  benefits  related  to  entering  into  the  Tax 
Receivable Agreement, including tax benefits attributable to payments under the Tax Receivable Agreement. For 
purposes of the Tax Receivable Agreement, the benefits deemed realized by PBF Energy will be computed by 
comparing the actual income tax liability of PBF Energy (calculated with certain assumptions) to the amount of 
such taxes that PBF Energy would have been required to pay had there been no increase to the tax basis of the 
assets of PBF LLC as a result of purchases or exchanges of PBF LLC Series A Units for shares of PBF Energy's 
Class A common stock and had PBF Energy not entered into the Tax Receivable Agreement. The term of the Tax 
Receivable Agreement will continue until all such tax benefits have been utilized or expired unless: (i) PBF Energy 
exercises  its  right  to  terminate  the  Tax  Receivable Agreement,  (ii)  PBF  Energy  breaches  any  of  its  material 
obligations  under  the  Tax  Receivable Agreement  or  (iii)  certain  changes  of  control  occur,  in  which  case  all 
obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement will generally be accelerated and due as calculated under certain 
assumptions. 

The payment obligations under the Tax Receivable Agreement are obligations of PBF Energy and not of PBF LLC, 
PBF Holding or PBFX. In general, PBF Energy expects to obtain funding for these annual payments from PBF 
LLC, primarily through tax distributions, which PBF LLC makes on a pro-rata basis to its owners. Such owners 
include  PBF  Energy,  which  holds  a  96.5%  and  95.1%  interest  in  PBF  LLC  as  of  December 31,  2016  and 
December 31, 2015, respectively. PBF LLC obtains funding to pay its tax distributions by causing PBF Holding 
to distribute cash to PBF LLC and from distributions it receives from PBFX.

F- 44

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

As of December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Company has recognized a liability for the tax receivable 
agreement of $611,392 and $661,418, respectively, reflecting the estimate of the undiscounted amounts that the 
Company expects to pay under the agreement. 

15. STOCKHOLDERS’ AND MEMBERS’ EQUITY STRUCTURE

Class A Common Stock

Holders of Class A common stock are entitled to receive dividends when and if declared by the Board of Directors 
out  of  funds  legally  available  therefore,  subject  to  any  statutory  or  contractual  restrictions  on  the  payment  of 
dividends and to any restrictions on the payment of dividends imposed by the terms of any outstanding preferred 
stock. Upon the Company’s dissolution or liquidation or the sale of all or substantially all of the assets, after 
payment in full of all amounts required to be paid to creditors and to the holders of preferred stock having liquidation 
preferences, if any, the holders of shares of Class A common stock will be entitled to receive pro rata remaining 
assets available for distribution. Holders of shares of Class A common stock do not have preemptive, subscription, 
redemption or conversion rights.

Class B Common Stock

Holders of shares of Class B common stock are entitled, without regard to the number of shares of Class B common 
stock  held  by  such  holder,  to  one  vote  for  each  PBF  LLC  Series A  Unit  beneficially  owned  by  such  holder. 
Accordingly, the members of PBF LLC other than PBF Energy collectively have a number of votes in PBF Energy 
that is equal to the aggregate number of PBF LLC Series A Units that they hold.

Holders of shares of Class A common stock and Class B common stock vote together as a single class on all matters 
presented to stockholders for their vote or approval, except as otherwise required by applicable law.

Holders of Class B common stock do not have any right to receive dividends or to receive a distribution upon a 
liquidation or winding up of PBF Energy.

Preferred Stock

Authorized preferred stock may be issued in one or more series, with designations, powers and preferences as shall 
be designated by the Board of Directors.

PBF LLC Capital Structure

PBF LLC Series A Units

The allocation of profits and losses and distributions to PBF LLC Series A unit holders is governed by the Limited 
Liability Company Agreement of PBF LLC. These allocations are made on a pro rata basis with PBF LLC Series 
C Units. PBF LLC Series A unit holders do not have voting rights.

PBF LLC Series B Units

The PBF LLC Series B Units are intended to be “profit interests” within the meaning of Revenue Procedures 93-27 
and 2001-43 of the Internal Revenue Service and have a stated value of zero at issuance. The PBF LLC Series 
B Units are held by certain of the Company’s current and former officers, have no voting rights and are designed 
to increase in value only after the Company’s financial sponsors achieve certain levels of return on their investment 
in PBF LLC Series A Units. Accordingly, the amounts paid to the holders of PBF LLC Series B Units, if any, will 
reduce  only  the  amounts  otherwise  payable  to  the  PBF  LLC  Series A  Units  held  by  the  Company’s  financial 
sponsors, and will not reduce or otherwise impact any amounts payable to PBF Energy (the holder of PBF LLC 
Series C Units), the holders of the Company’s Class A common stock or any other holder of PBF LLC Series A 
Units. The maximum number of PBF LLC Series B Units authorized to be issued is 1,000,000.

F- 45

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

PBF LLC Series C Units

The PBF LLC Series C Units rank on a parity with the PBF LLC Series A Units as to distribution rights, voting 
rights and rights upon liquidation, winding up or dissolution. PBF LLC Series C Units are held solely by PBF 
Energy.

Information about the issued classes of PBF LLC units for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, 
is as follows:

Series A Units

Series B Units

Series C Units

Balance—January 1, 2014

Secondary offering transaction

Issuances of restricted stock

Exercise of warrants and options

Exchange of Series A Units for Class
A common stock of PBF Energy Inc.

Redemption of C Units in connection
with stock repurchase

Surrender of units for tax withholding

Balance - December 31, 2014

Secondary offering transaction

Issuances of restricted stock

Exercise of warrants and options

Exchange of Series A Units for Class
A common stock of PBF Energy Inc.

Redemption of C Units in connection
with stock repurchase

Surrender of units for tax withholding

October 2015 equity offering

Balance - December 31, 2015

Issuances of restricted stock

Exercise of warrants and options

Exchange of Series A Units for Class
A common stock of PBF Energy Inc.

December 2016 Equity Offering

Balance - December 31, 2016

57,201,674
(48,000,000)
—

26,533

(56,694)

—
(817)
9,170,696
(3,804,653)
—

149,974

(529,178)

—
(1,481)
—

1,000,000

—

—

—

—

—

—

1,000,000

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4,985,358

1,000,000

—

25,550

(1,090,006)
—

3,920,902

—

—

—
—

1,000,000

39,665,473

48,000,000

30,348

—

56,694

(5,765,946)
(5,450)
81,981,119

3,804,653

247,720

12,766

529,178

(284,771)
(8,732)
11,500,000

97,781,933

320,458

11,650

1,090,006
10,000,000

109,204,047

The warrants and options exercised in the table above include both non-compensatory and compensatory PBF LLC 
Series A warrants and options.

Treasury Stock

The Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to $300,000 of the Company's Class A common 
stock (the "Repurchase Program"). On September 26, 2016, the Company's Board of Directors approved a two 
year extension to the Repurchase Program. As a result of the extension, the Repurchase Program will expire on 
September 30, 2018. No repurchases of the Company's Class A common stock were made during the year ended 
December 31, 2016. From the inception of the Repurchase Program through December 31, 2016, the Company 
has purchased approximately 6.05 million shares of the Company's Class A common stock through open market 
transactions under the Repurchase Program, for a total of $150,804. 

F- 46

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

The following table summarizes the Company's Class A common stock repurchase activity under the Repurchase 
Program:

Shares purchased at December 31, 2014

Shares purchased during 2015

Shares purchased at December 31, 2015

Shares purchased during 2016

Shares purchased at December 31, 2016

—————————————

Number of shares 
purchased (1)

Cost of purchased
shares

5,765,946

$

284,771

6,050,717

—

6,050,717

$

142,731

8,073

150,804

—

150,804

(1) - The shares purchased include only those shares that have settled as of the period end date.

These repurchases may be made from time to time through various methods, including open market transactions, 
block trades, accelerated share repurchases, privately negotiated transactions or otherwise, certain of which may 
be effected through Rule 10b5-1 and Rule 10b-18 plans. The timing and number of shares repurchased will depend 
on a variety of factors, including price, capital availability, legal requirements and economic and market conditions. 
The Company is not obligated to purchase any shares under the Repurchase Program, and repurchases may be 
suspended or discontinued at any time without prior notice.

As of December 31, 2016, the Company had $149,196 remaining in authorized expenditures under the Repurchase 
Program.

The Company also records Class A common stock surrendered to cover income tax withholdings for certain directors 
and employees and others pursuant to the vesting of certain awards under the Company’s equity-based compensation 
plans as treasury shares.

16. NONCONTROLLING INTERESTS

Noncontrolling Interest in PBF LLC

As a result of the PBF Energy IPO and the related reorganization transactions on December 18, 2012, PBF Energy 
became the sole managing member of, and had a controlling interest in, PBF LLC. As the sole managing member 
of PBF LLC, PBF Energy operates and controls all of the business and affairs of PBF LLC and its subsidiaries. In 
connection with the secondary offerings, Blackstone and First Reserve exchanged an aggregate 67,754,653 Series 
A Units of PBF LLC for an equivalent number of shares of Class A common stock of PBF Energy, which, along 
with certain other equity transactions, increased PBF Energy's interest in PBF LLC to approximately 96.5% and 
95.1% as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

PBF Energy consolidates the financial results of PBF LLC and its subsidiaries, and records a noncontrolling interest 
for the economic interest in PBF Energy held by the members of PBF LLC other than PBF Energy. Noncontrolling 
interest on the consolidated statements of operations represents the portion of net income or loss attributable to 
the economic interest in PBF Energy held by the members of PBF LLC other than PBF Energy. Noncontrolling 
interest on the consolidated balance sheets represents the portion of net assets of PBF Energy attributable to the 
members of PBF LLC other than PBF Energy.

F- 47

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

The noncontrolling interest ownership percentages of PBF Energy as of the completion dates of each of the equity 
offerings and year ends occurring in the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 are calculated as follows: 

January 1, 2014

January 10, 2014 - Secondary offering

March 26, 2014 - Secondary offering

June 17, 2014 - Secondary offering

December 31, 2014

February 6, 2015 - Secondary offering

October 13, 2015 - Equity offering

December 31, 2015

December 19, 2016 - Equity offering

December 31, 2016

Noncontrolling Interest in PBFX

Outstanding
Shares
of PBF Energy
Class A
Common
Stock

39,665,473
40.9%
54,665,473
56.4%
69,670,192
71.9%
87,670,832
90.5%
81,981,119
89.9%
85,768,077
94.1%
97,393,850
95.0%
97,781,933
95.1%
109,004,047
96.4%
109,204,047
96.5%

Holders of
PBF LLC Series
A Units

57,201,674
59.1%
42,201,674
43.6%
27,213,374
28.1%
9,213,374
9.5%
9,170,696
10.1%
5,366,043
5.9%
5,111,358
5.0%
4,985,358
4.9%
4,120,902
3.6%
3,920,902
3.5%

Total

96,867,147
100%
96,867,147
100%
96,883,566
100%
96,884,206
100%
91,151,815
100%
91,134,120
100%
102,505,208
100%
102,767,291
100%
113,124,949
100%
113,124,949
100%

PBF LLC holds a 44.2% limited partner interest in PBFX and owns all of PBFX’s incentive distribution rights, 
with the remaining 55.8% limited partner interest owned by public common unit holders as of December 31, 2016. 
PBF LLC is also the sole member of PBF GP, the general partner of PBFX.

PBF  Energy,  through  its  ownership  of  PBF  LLC,  consolidates  the  financial  results  of  PBFX,  and  records  a 
noncontrolling interest for the economic interest in PBFX held by the public common unit holders. Noncontrolling 
interest on the consolidated statements of operations includes the portion of net income or loss attributable to the 
economic interest in PBFX held by the public common unit holders of PBFX other than PBF Energy (through its 
ownership in PBF LLC). Noncontrolling interest on the condensed consolidated balance sheets includes the portion 
of net assets of PBFX attributable to the public common unit holders of PBFX. 

F- 48

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

The noncontrolling interest ownership percentages of PBFX as of the PBFX Offering, DCR West Rack Acquisition, 
the Toledo Storage Facility Acquisition, Delaware City Products Pipeline and Truck Rack Acquisitions, the 2016 
PBFX Equity Offerings and the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 are calculated as follows: 

May 14, 2014

September 30, 2014

December 31, 2014

May 15, 2015

December 31, 2015

April 5, 2016

August 17, 2016

December 31, 2016

Units of PBFX
Held by the
Public

Units of PBFX
Held by PBF
LLC (Including
Subordinated
Units)

Total

15,812,500

15,960,606

31,773,106

49.8%
15,812,500
48.9%
15,812,500
47.9%
15,812,500
46.1%
15,924,676
46.3%
18,799,676
50.5%
22,893,472
55.4%
23,271,174
55.8%

50.2%
16,550,142
51.1%
17,171,077
52.1%
18,459,497
53.9%
18,459,497
53.7%
18,459,497
49.5%
18,459,497
44.6%
18,459,497
44.2%

100.0%
32,362,642
100.0%
32,983,577
100.0%
34,271,997
100.0%
34,384,173
100.0%
37,259,173
100.0%
41,352,969
100.0%
41,730,671
100.0%

Noncontrolling Interest in PBF Holding

Subsequent to the Chalmette Acquisition, PBF Holding recorded noncontrolling interests in two subsidiaries of 
Chalmette Refining. PBF Holding, through Chalmette Refining, owns an 80% ownership interest in both Collins 
Pipeline Company and T&M Terminal Company. The Company recorded a noncontrolling interest in the earnings 
of these subsidiaries of $269 and $274 for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 

F- 49

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

The following tables summarize the changes in equity for the controlling and noncontrolling interests of PBF 
Energy for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015: 

PBF Energy
Inc. Equity

Noncontrolling
Interest in PBF
LLC

Noncontrolling
Interest in PBF
Holding

Noncontrolling
Interest in
PBFX

Total Equity

Balance at January 1, 2016

$

1,647,297

$

91,018

$

17,225

$

340,317

$

2,095,857

Comprehensive income

Dividends and distributions

168,308

(132,705)

14,509

(6,728)

269

—

39,840

(33,714)

222,926

(173,147)

Effects of equity offerings and
exchanges of PBF LLC Series A Units
on deferred tax assets and liabilities
and tax receivable agreement
obligation

Issuance of additional PBFX common
units

Stock-based compensation

Exercise of PBF LLC options and
warrants, net

October 2015 Equity Offering

Treasury stock purchases

Record noncontrolling interest in
Chalmette Acquisition

Other

(2,613)

54,944

18,296

1,058

275,300

(743)

—

(4,098)

—

—

—

(172)

—

—

—

44

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(4,981)

—

(2,613)

83,434

4,360

—

—

—

—

219

138,378

22,656

886

275,300

(743)

—

(8,816)

Balance at December 31, 2016

$

2,025,044

$

98,671

$

12,513

$

434,456

$

2,570,684

Balance at January 1, 2015

Comprehensive income

Dividends and distributions

Record deferred tax asset and liabilities and tax receivable
agreement associated with secondary offerings

Record allocation of noncontrolling interest upon
completion of secondary offerings

Issuance of additional PBFX common units

Stock-based compensation

Exercise of PBF LLC options and warrants, net

October 2015 Equity Offering

Purchase of treasury stock

Record noncontrolling interest in Chalmette Acquisition

Other

PBF Energy
Inc. Equity

Noncontrolling
Interest in PBF
LLC

Noncontrolling
Interest in
PBFX

Total Equity

$

1,218,213

$

138,734

$

336,369

$

1,693,316

148,406

(106,584)

14,627

(19,386)

(12,046)

—

39,976

11,390

9,218

2,797

344,000

(8,073)

—

—

(39,976)

—

—

(2,707)

—

—

16,951

—

34,606

(23,458)

—

—

(11,390)

4,279

—

—

—

—

(89)

197,639

(149,428)

(12,046)

—

—

13,497

90

344,000

(8,073)

16,951

(89)

Balance at December 31, 2015

$

1,647,297

$

108,243

$

340,317

$

2,095,857

Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income includes net income and other comprehensive income (loss) arising from activity related 
to the Company’s defined benefit employee benefit plan and unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities. The 
following  table  summarizes  the  allocation  of  total  comprehensive  income  between  the  controlling  and 
noncontrolling interests of PBF Energy for the year ended December 31, 2016:

F- 50

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Net income
Other comprehensive income:

Attributable to
PBF Energy Inc. 
stockholders

Noncontrolling
Interests

Total

$

170,811

$

54,707

$

225,518

Unrealized loss on available for sale securities
Amortization of defined benefit plans unrecognized
net loss

Total other comprehensive loss
Total comprehensive income

(41)

(1)

(42)

(2,462)
(2,503)
168,308

$

$

(88)
(89)
54,618

$

(2,550)
(2,592)
222,926

The  following  table  summarizes  the  allocation  of  total  comprehensive  income  of  PBF  Energy  between  the 
controlling and noncontrolling interests for the year ended December 31, 2015:

Net income
Other comprehensive income:

Attributable to
PBF Energy Inc. 
stockholders

Noncontrolling
Interest

Total

$

146,401

$

49,132

$

195,533

Unrealized gain on available for sale securities
Amortization of defined benefit plans unrecognized
net gain

Total other comprehensive income
Total comprehensive income

118

6

124

1,887
2,005
148,406

$

$

95
101
49,233

$

1,982
2,106
197,639

The  following  table  summarizes  the  allocation  of  total  comprehensive  income  of  PBF  Energy  between  the 
controlling and noncontrolling interests for the year ended December 31, 2014:

Net (loss) income
Other comprehensive income (loss):

Unrealized gain on available for sale securities
Amortization of defined benefit plans unrecognized
net loss

Total other comprehensive loss
Total comprehensive (loss) income

17. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Attributable to
PBF Energy Inc. 
stockholders

Noncontrolling
Interest

Total

$

(38,237) $

116,508

$

78,271

115

12

127

(11,206)
(11,091)
(49,328) $

(1,259)
(1,247)
115,261

$

(12,465)
(12,338)
65,933

$

Stock-based compensation expense included in general and administrative expenses consisted of the following:

PBF LLC Series A Unit compensatory warrants and options
PBF Energy options
PBF Energy restricted shares
PBFX Phantom Units

Years Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

$

$

— $

— $

11,020
7,276
4,360
22,656

$

7,528
1,690
4,279
13,497

$

522
4,343
1,230
1,086
7,181

F- 51

 
 
PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

PBF LLC Series A warrants and options

PBF LLC granted compensatory warrants to employees of the Company in connection with their purchase of Series 
A units in PBF LLC. The warrants grant the holder the right to purchase PBF LLC Series A Units. One-quarter of 
the PBF LLC Series A compensatory warrants were exercisable at the date of grant and the remaining three-quarters 
become exercisable over equal annual installments on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant date subject 
to acceleration in certain circumstances. They are exercisable for ten years from the date of grant. The remaining 
warrants became fully exercisable in connection with the IPO of PBF Energy.

In addition, options to purchase PBF LLC Series A units were granted to certain employees, management and 
directors. Options vest over equal annual installments on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant date 
subject to acceleration in certain circumstances. The options are exercisable for ten years from the date of grant. 

The Company did not issue PBF LLC Series A Units compensatory warrants or options in 2016, 2015 or 2014.

The following table summarizes activity for PBF LLC Series A compensatory warrants and options for the years 
ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014:

Stock Based Compensation, Outstanding at January 1,
2014

Exercised
Forfeited

Outstanding at December 31, 2014

Exercised
Forfeited

Outstanding at December 31, 2015

Exercised
Forfeited

Outstanding at December 31, 2016
Exercisable and vested at December 31, 2016
Exercisable and vested at December 31, 2015
Exercisable and vested at December 31, 2014
Expected to vest at December 31, 2016

Number of
PBF LLC
Series A
Compensatory
Warrants
and Options

Weighted
Average
Exercise Price

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
(in years)

841,079
(32,934)
(6,666)
801,479
(160,700)
—
640,779
(27,833)
—
612,946
612,946
640,779
753,985
612,946

$

$

$

$
$
$

10.52
10.00
11.59
10.53
10.28
—
10.59
10.00
—
10.62
10.62
10.59
10.41
10.62

7.40
—
—
6.41
—
—
5.46
—
—
4.47
4.47
5.46
6.34
4.47

The total intrinsic value of stock options both outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2016 was $10,577. 
The total intrinsic value of stock options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015, and 2014
was $461, $3,452, and $618, respectively. 

There  was  no  unrecognized  compensation  expense  related  to  PBF  LLC  Series  A  warrants  and  options  at 
December 31, 2016 or 2015.

Prior  to  2014,  members  of  management  of  the  Company  had  also  purchased  an  aggregate  of  2,740,718  non-
compensatory Series A warrants in PBF LLC with an exercise price of $10.00 per unit, all of which were immediately 
exercisable. There were no non-compensatory warrants exercised during the year ended December 31, 2016 (24,000 
non-compensatory warrants were exercised at December 31, 2015). At December 31, 2016 and 2015, there were 
32,719 non-compensatory warrants outstanding, respectively.

F- 52

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

PBF LLC Series B Units

PBF LLC Series B Units were issued and allocated to certain members of management during the years ended 
December 31, 2011 and 2010. One-quarter of the PBF LLC Series B Units vested at the time of grant and the 
remaining three-quarters vested in equal annual installments on each of the first three anniversaries of the grant 
date, subject to accelerated vesting upon certain events. The Series B Units fully vested during the year ended 
December 31, 2013. There was no activity in the Series B units for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 or 
2014.

PBF Energy options and restricted stock

The Company grants awards of its Class A common stock under the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan which authorizes 
the granting of various stock and stock-related awards to directors, employees, prospective employees and non-
employees. Awards include options to purchase shares of Class A common stock and restricted Class A common 
stock that vest over a period determined by the plan. 

A total of 360,820,  247,720 and 30,348 shares of restricted Class A common stock were granted to certain directors, 
employees and management of the Company as of December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. The PBF 
Energy options and restricted Class A common stock vest in equal annual installments on each of the first four
anniversaries of the grant date subject to acceleration in certain circumstances. The options are exercisable for ten 
years from the date of grant.

The estimated fair value of PBF Energy options granted during the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 
2014 was determined using the Black-Scholes pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions: 

Expected life (in years)
Expected volatility
Dividend yield
Risk-free rate of return
Exercise price

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

December 31, 2014

6.25
39.7%
4.73%
1.42%
26.18

$

6.25
38.4%
3.96%
1.58%
30.28

$

6.25
52.0%
4.82%
1.80%
24.78

$

F- 53

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

The following table summarizes activity for PBF Energy options for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015
and 2014. 

Stock-based awards, outstanding at January 1, 2014

Granted
Exercised
Forfeited

Outstanding at December 31, 2014

Granted
Exercised
Forfeited

Outstanding at December 31, 2015

Granted

Exercised

Forfeited

Outstanding at December 31, 2016

Exercisable and vested at December 31, 2016

Exercisable and vested at December 31, 2015

Exercisable and vested at December 31, 2014
Expected to vest at December 31, 2016

Number of
PBF Energy
Class A
Common
Stock Options
1,320,000
1,135,000
—
(53,125)
2,401,875
1,899,500
(30,000)
(15,000)
4,256,375
1,792,000
(11,250)
(66,500)
5,970,625

2,271,375

1,136,250
485,000
5,970,625

Weighted
Average
Exercise Price
26.97
$
24.78
—
25.44
25.97
30.28
25.79
26.38
27.89
26.18

$
$

$

25.86

28.74

27.37

27.23

26.22
26.66
27.37

$

$

$
$
$

Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Life
(in years)

9.33
10.00
—
—
8.67
10.00
—
—
8.32
10.00

—

—

8.02

7.21

7.61
8.21
8.02

The total estimated fair value of PBF Energy options granted in 2016 and 2015 was $11,346 and $14,512 and the 
weighted average per unit fair value was $6.33 and $7.64. The total intrinsic value of stock options outstanding 
and exercisable at December 31, 2016, was $11,676 and $3,914, respectively. The total intrinsic value of stock 
options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $5 and $133, respectively. 

Unrecognized compensation expense related to PBF Energy options at December 31, 2016 was $21,323, which 
will be recognized from 2017 through 2020.

PBFX Phantom Units

PBF GP's board of directors adopted the PBF Logistics LP 2014 Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “PBFX LTIP”) 
in  connection  with  the  completion  of  the  PBFX  Offering.  The  PBFX  LTIP  is  for  the  benefit  of  employees, 
consultants, service providers and non-employee directors of the general partner and its affiliates.

In the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, PBFX issued phantom unit awards under the PBFX LTIP 
to certain directors, officers and employees of our general partner or its affiliates as compensation. The fair value 
of each phantom unit on the grant date is equal to the market price of PBFX's common unit on that date. The 
estimated fair value of PBFX's phantom units is amortized over the vesting period of four years, using the straight-
line method. Total unrecognized compensation cost related to PBFX's nonvested phantom units totaled $5,855 and 
$8,316 as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-
average period of four years. The fair value of nonvested service phantom units outstanding as of December 31, 
2016 and 2015, totaled $12,693 and $10,109, respectively. 

F- 54

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

A summary of PBFX's unit award activity for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 is set forth 
below:

Nonvested at January 1, 2014
Granted
Forfeited
Nonvested at December 31, 2014
Granted
Vested
Forfeited
Nonvested at December 31, 2015
Granted
Vested
Forfeited
Nonvested at December 31, 2016

Number of
Phantom Units

— $

285,522
(10,000)
275,522
266,360
(137,007)
(1,500)
403,375
284,854
(116,349)
(7,000)
564,880

$

$

$

Weighted 
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value

—
26.57
26.74
26.56
23.92
25.83
26.74
25.06
19.95
25.24
23.20
22.47

The PBFX LTIP provides for the issuance of distribution equivalent rights (“DERs”) in connection with phantom 
unit awards. A DER entitles the participant, upon vesting of the related phantom units, to a mandatory cash payments 
equal to the product of the number of vested phantom unit awards and the cash distribution per common unit paid 
by PBFX to its common unitholders. Cash payments made in connection with DERs are charged to partners’ equity, 
accrued and paid upon vesting. 

18. EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS

Defined Contribution Plan

The Company’s defined contribution plan covers all employees. Employees are eligible to participate as of the 
first day of the month following 30 days of service. Participants can make basic contributions up to 50 percent of 
their annual salary subject to Internal Revenue Service limits. The Company matches participants’ contributions 
at the rate of 200 percent of the first 3 percent of each participant’s total basic contribution based on the participant’s 
total annual salary. The Company’s contribution to the qualified defined contribution plans was $19,746, $12,753
and $11,364 for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

Defined Benefit and Post-Retirement Medical Plans

The Company sponsors a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan (the “Qualified Plan”) with a policy to 
fund pension liabilities in accordance with the limits imposed by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act 
of 1974 (“ERISA”) and Federal income tax laws. In addition, the Company sponsors a supplemental pension plan 
covering  certain  employees,  which  provides  incremental  payments  that  would  have  been  payable  from  the 
Company’s principal pension plan, were it not for limitations imposed by income tax regulations (the "Supplemental 
Plan"). The funded status is measured as the difference between plan assets at fair value and the projected benefit 
obligation which is to be recognized in the balance sheet. The plan assets and benefit obligations are measured as 
of the balance sheet date.

The non-union Delaware City employees and all Paulsboro, Toledo, Chalmette and Torrance employees became 
eligible to participate in the Company’s defined benefit plans as of the respective acquisition dates. The union 
Delaware  City  employees  became  eligible  to  participate  in  the  Company’s  defined  benefit  plans  upon 
commencement of normal operations. The Company did not assume any of the employees’ pension liability accrued 
prior to the respective acquisitions.

F- 55

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

The Company formed the Post-Retirement Medical Plan on December 31, 2010 to provide health care coverage 
continuation from date of retirement to age 65 for qualifying employees associated with the Paulsboro acquisition. 
The  Company  credited  the  qualifying  employees  with  their  prior  service  under  Valero  which  resulted  in  the 
recognition of a liability for the projected benefit obligation. The Post-Retirement Medical Plan was amended 
during 2013 to include all corporate employees, amended in 2014 to include Delaware City and Toledo employees, 
amended in 2015 to include Chalmette employees and amended in 2016 to include Torrance employees.

The changes in the benefit obligation, the changes in fair value of plan assets, and the funded status of the Company’s 
Pension and Post-Retirement Medical Plans as of and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 were as 
follows:

Pension Plans

Post-Retirement
Medical Plan

2016

2015

2016

2015

Change in benefit obligation:

Benefit obligation at beginning of year

$

100,011

$

81,098

$

17,729

$

14,740

Service cost
Interest cost

Plan amendments

Benefit payments

Actuarial loss (gain)

Projected benefit obligation at end of year

Change in plan assets:

Fair value of plan assets at beginning of year

Actual return on plan assets

Benefits paid

Employer contributions

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

Reconciliation of funded status:

Fair value of plan assets at end of year

Less benefit obligations at end of year

Funded status at end of year

36,359

3,096

—
(3,449)
(509)
135,508

57,502

3,995
(3,449)
17,319

75,367

75,367

$

$

$

$

24,298

2,974

—
(2,231)
(6,128)
100,011

40,956
(13)
(2,231)
18,790

57,502

57,502

$

$

$

$

1,047

528

2,524
(575)
1,487

967

558

1,533
(381)
312

22,740

$

17,729

— $

—
(575)
575

— $

— $

—

—
(381)
381

—

—

135,508
(60,141) $

100,011
(42,509) $

22,740
(22,740) $

17,729
(17,729)

$

$

$

$

$

The accumulated benefit obligations for the Company’s Pension Plans exceed the fair value of the assets of those 
plans  at  December 31,  2016  and  2015.  The  accumulated  benefit  obligation  for  the  defined  benefit  plans 
approximated $108,838 and $80,897 at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

F- 56

 
 
PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Benefit payments, which reflect expected future services, that the Company expects to pay are as follows for the 
years ended December 31:

2017
2018
2019
2020
2021
Years 2022-2026

Pension Benefits

Post-Retirement
Medical Plan

$

$

12,307
8,873
11,027
13,067
16,079
114,382

1,202
1,389
1,653
1,910
2,018
10,438

The Company’s funding policy for its defined benefit plans is to contribute amounts sufficient to meet legal funding 
requirements, plus any additional amounts that may be appropriate considering the funded status of the plans, tax 
consequences,  the  cash  flow  generated  by  the  Company  and  other  factors. The  Company  plans  to  contribute 
approximately $36,300 to the Company’s Pension Plans during 2017.

The components of net periodic benefit cost were as follows for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 
2014: 

Pension Benefits

Post-Retirement
Medical Plan

2016

2015

2014

2016

2015

2014

Components of net period
benefit cost:

Service cost

Interest cost

Expected return on plan
assets

Amortization of prior
service cost

Amortization of actuarial
loss (gain)

$

36,359

$

24,298

$

19,407

$

1,047

$

3,096

2,974

2,404

(4,681)

(3,422)

(2,156)

53

53

39

1,043

1,228

1,033

528

—

541

—

967

558

—

326

—

Net periodic benefit cost

$

35,870

$

25,131

$

20,727

$

2,116

$

1,851

$

$

1,099

520

—

258

(4)
1,873

The pre-tax amounts recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) for the years ended December 31, 2016, 
2015 and 2014 were as follows: 

Prior service costs (credits)

Net actuarial loss (gain)

Amortization of losses and prior
service cost

Total changes in other
comprehensive loss (income)

Pension Benefits

Post-Retirement
Medical Plan

2016

2015

2014

2016

2015

2014

$

— $

— $

529

$

2,524

$

1,533

$

176

(2,220)

8,151

1,487

312

3,911

1,201

(1,096)

(1,281)

(1,072)

(541)

(326)

(255)

$

(920) $

(3,501) $

7,608

$

3,470

$

1,519

$

4,857

F- 57

 
 
 
 
PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

The pre-tax amounts in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2016, and 2015 that have not 
yet been recognized as components of net periodic costs were as follows: 

Prior service (costs) credits
Net actuarial (loss) gain
Total

Pension Benefits

Post-Retirement
Medical Plan

2016

2015

2016

2015

$

$

(476) $

(529) $

(18,975)
(19,451) $

(19,841)
(20,370) $

(5,983) $
(1,878)
(7,861) $

(3,999)
(391)
(4,390)

The following pre-tax amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2016 are 
expected to be recognized as components of net period benefit cost during the year ended December 31, 2017: 

Amortization of prior service (costs) credits
Amortization of net actuarial (loss) gain
Total

Pension Benefits

Post-Retirement
Medical Plan

$

$

(53) $
(452)
(505) $

(646)
—
(646)

The weighted average assumptions used to determine the benefit obligations as of December 31, 2016, and 2015
were as follows: 

Qualified Plan

Supplemental Plan

Post-Retirement Medical Plan

2016

2015

2016

2015

2016

2015

Discount rate - benefit
obligations
Rate of compensation increase

4.07%
4.81%

4.17%
4.81%

4.08%
5.50%

4.22%
5.50%

3.68%
—

3.76%
—

The weighted average assumptions used to determine the net periodic benefit costs for the years ended December 31, 
2016, 2015 and 2014 were as follows: 

Discount rates:

   Effective rate for service cost

   Effective rate for interest cost

   Effective rate for interest on

service cost

Expected long-term rate of return
on plan assets

Rate of compensation increase

Qualified Plan

Supplemental Plan

Post-Retirement Medical Plan

2016

2015

2014

2016

2015

2014

2016

2015

2014

4.15%

3.38%

4.25%

3.31%

4.55%

4.55%

4.17%

3.20%

4.30%

3.16%

4.55%

4.55%

4.10%

3.11%

4.32%

3.09%

4.55%

4.55%

3.59%

3.51%

4.55%

3.63%

3.37%

4.55%

3.84%

4.04%

4.55%

7.00%

4.81%

7.00%

4.81%

6.70%

4.64%

—%

—%

—%

5.50%

5.50%

4.64%

—

—

—

—

—

—

The assumed health care cost trend rates as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 were as follows: 

Health care cost trend rate assumed for next year
Rate to which the cost trend rate was assumed to decline (the ultimate
trend rate)
Year that the rate reached the ultimate trend rate

Post-Retirement
Medical Plan

2016

2015

6.1%

4.5%
2038

6.1%

4.5%
2038

F- 58

 
 
 
 
PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Assumed health care costs trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for retiree health care plans. 
A one percentage-point change in assumed health care costs trend rates would have the following effects on the 
medical post-retirement benefits: 

Effect on total service and interest cost components
Effect on accumulated post-retirement benefit obligation

1%
Increase

1%
Decrease

$

$

14
388

(13)
(367)

The table below presents the fair values of the assets of the Company’s Qualified Plan as of December 31, 2016 
and 2015 by level of fair value hierarchy. Assets categorized in Level 2 of the hierarchy consist of collective trusts 
and are measured at fair value based on the closing net asset value ("NAV") as determined by the fund manager 
and reported daily. As noted above, the Company’s post retirement medical plan is funded on a pay-as-you-go 
basis and has no assets. 

Equities:

Domestic equities
Developed international equities
Emerging market equities
Global low volatility equities

Fixed-income
Cash and cash equivalents
Total

Fair Value Measurements Using
NAV as Practical Expedient
(Level 2)

December 31,

2016

2015

$

$

23,451
10,736
5,164
6,360
29,576
80
75,367

$

$

17,660
8,320
4,017
4,930
22,495
80
57,502

The Company’s investment strategy for its Qualified Plan is to achieve a reasonable return on assets that supports 
the plan’s interest credit rating, subject to a moderate level of portfolio risk that provides liquidity. Consistent with 
these financial objectives as of December 31, 2016, the plan's target allocations for plan assets are 60% invested 
in equity securities and 40% fixed income investments. Equity securities include international stocks and a blend 
of U.S. growth and value stocks of various sizes of capitalization. Fixed income securities include bonds and notes 
issued by the U.S. government and its agencies, corporate bonds, and mortgage-backed securities. The aggregate 
asset allocation is reviewed on an annual basis. 

The overall expected long-term rate of return on plan assets for the Qualified Plan is based on the Company’s view 
of long-term expectations and asset mix.

F- 59

 
 
 
PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

19. REVENUES

The following table provides information relating to the Company’s revenues from external customers for each 
product or group of similar products for the periods:

$

Year Ended December 31,
2015
11,553,716
536,496
452,304
315,042
266,371
13,123,929

2016
14,017,350
699,966
554,392
388,358
260,358
15,920,424

$

$

$

2014
17,050,096
706,494
739,096
922,003
410,466
19,828,155

Gasoline and distillates
Asphalt and blackoils
Chemicals
Feedstocks and other
Lubricants
Total Revenues

$

$

F- 60

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

20. INCOME TAXES

For periods following PBF Energy’s IPO, PBF Energy is required to file federal and applicable state corporate 
income tax returns and recognizes income taxes on its pre-tax income, which to-date has consisted primarily of 
its share of PBF LLC’s pre-tax income (see "Note 15 - Stockholders' and Members' Equity Structure"). PBF LLC 
is organized as a limited liability company and PBFX is a master limited partnership, both of which are treated as 
“flow-through” entities for federal income tax purposes and therefore are not subject to income taxes apart from 
the income tax attributable to two subsidiaries of Chalmette Refining and one subsidiary of PBF Holding that are 
treated as C-Corporations for income tax purposes. As a result, PBF Energy's consolidated financial statements do 
not reflect any benefit or provision for income taxes on the pre-tax income or loss attributable to the noncontrolling 
interests  in  PBF  LLC  or  PBFX  apart  from  the  income  tax  expense  of  $1,378  and  $648  for  the  years  ended 
December 31,  2016  and  2015,  respectively,  attributable  to  those  two  C-Corporation  subsidiaries  of  Chalmette 
Refining and income tax benefit of $8,412 for the year ended December 31, 2016 attributable to the subsidiary of 
PBF Holding.

The income tax provision (benefit) in the PBF Energy consolidated financial statements of operations consists of 
the following: 

Current expense (benefit):

Federal
State
Total current

Deferred expense (benefit):

Federal
Foreign
State
Total deferred

Year Ended
December 31,
2016

Year Ended
December 31,
2015

Year Ended
December 31,
2014

$

$

(87,829)
(19,279)
(107,108)

$

77,954
14,378
92,332

205,502
(8,412)
47,668
244,758

(27,046)
28,157
(6,718)
(5,607)

20,313
6,662
26,975

(38,556)
—
(10,831)
(49,387)

Total provision (benefit) for income taxes

$

137,650

$

86,725

$

(22,412)

F- 61

 
 
 
 
 
PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

The difference between the PBF Energy’s effective income tax rate and the United States statutory rate is reconciled 
below:

Provision at Federal statutory rate

Increase (decrease) attributable to flow-through
of certain tax adjustments:

State income taxes (net of federal income
tax)

Nondeductible/nontaxable items

Manufacturer's benefit deduction

Rate differential from foreign jurisdictions

Provision to return adjustment
Adjustment to deferred tax assets and
liabilities for change in tax rates due to
business mix

Other

Effective tax rate

Year Ended
December 31,
2016

Year Ended
December 31,
2015

Year Ended
December 31,
2014

35.0 %

35.0 %

35.0 %

4.6 %

0.1 %

1.9 %

1.5 %

(0.4)%

1.7 %

0.2 %

44.6 %

4.6 %

0.2 %

(2.3)%

(6.3)%

— %

5.1 %

0.9 %

37.2 %

5.2 %

(0.1)%

2.1 %

— %

(3.8)%

— %

(1.5)%

36.9 %

The Company's effective income tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014 including the 
impact  of  income  attributable  to  noncontrolling  interests  of  $54,707,  $49,132  and  $116,508  respectively,  was 
37.9%, 30.7% and (40.1)% respectively. The 2016 manufacturer’s benefit adjustment is primarily due to a change 
in inventory deductions realized on the Company's filed 2015 income tax returns which reduced the expected 
manufacturer’s benefit compared to the prior-year financial statements.

The Company's foreign earnings are taxed at a lower income tax rate as compared to its domestic operations. 
Accordingly, the Company recognized an income tax expense in for 2016 as its foreign entity’s operations resulted 
in a loss.

The Company recognized an income tax rate change in 2016 primarily driven by the acquisition of the Torrance 
refinery  and  related  logistics  assets  in  California,  and  a  change  in  the  Delaware  statutes  for  calculating 
apportionment on the Delaware tax return. The rate change increased the Company’s effective tax rate primarily 
due to the reduction of deferred tax assets.

For financial reporting purposes, income (loss) before income taxes attributable to PBF Energy Inc. 
stockholders includes the following components: 

United States

Foreign

Year Ended
December 31,
2016

Year Ended
December 31,
2015

Year Ended
December 31,
2014

$ 343,875
(35,414)

$

170,829

62,297

$ (106,337)
45,688

Total income (loss) before income taxes attributable to PBF
Energy Inc. stockholders

$ 308,461

$

233,126

$

(60,649)

F- 62

 
PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

A summary of the components of deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities follows: 

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

Deferred tax assets

Purchase interest step-up
Inventory
Pension, employee benefits and compensation
Hedging
Net operating loss carry forwards
Environmental liabilities
Other

Total deferred tax assets

Valuation allowances

Total deferred tax assets, net

Deferred tax liabilities

Property, plant and equipment
Inventory
Investment in partnership
Other

Total deferred tax liabilities

Net deferred tax assets

$

$

639,340
90,133
42,573
8,696
128,283
73,031
5,859
987,915
—
987,915

628,373
22,269
—
3,666
654,308
333,607

$

$

698,477
357,250
40,452
8,384
—
—
22,557
1,127,120
—
1,127,120

485,976
29,502
13,665
25,287
554,430
572,690

As of December 31, 2016, PBF Energy has federal and state income tax net operating loss carry forwards of 
$353,427 and $325,416, respectively, which will expire at various dates from 2027 through 2037. The Company 
has not recorded any valuation allowance against these assets based on the Company’s historical earnings, forecasted 
income, and the reversal of temporary differences, it is “more likely than not” that the deferred tax assets will be 
realized.

Income tax years that remain subject to examination by material jurisdictions, where an examination has not already 
concluded are all years including and subsequent to:

United States

Federal
New Jersey
Michigan
Delaware
Indiana
Pennsylvania
New York
Louisiana

PBF Energy does not have any unrecognized tax benefits.

F- 63

2013
2012
2012
2013
2013
2013
2013
2015

 
 
PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

21. SEGMENT INFORMATION

The Company's operations are organized into two reportable segments, Refining and Logistics. Operations that 
are not included in the Refining and Logistics segments are included in Corporate. Intersegment transactions are 
eliminated in the consolidated financial statements and are included in Eliminations.

Refining 

The Company's Refining Segment includes the operations of its five refineries, including certain related logistics 
assets that are not owned by PBFX. The Company's refineries are located in Toledo, Ohio, Delaware City, Delaware, 
Paulsboro,  New  Jersey,  New  Orleans,  Louisiana  and  Torrance,  California.  The  refineries  produce  unbranded 
transportation fuels, heating oil, petrochemical feedstocks, lubricants and other petroleum products in the United 
States. The Company purchases crude oil, other feedstocks and blending components from various third-party 
suppliers. The Company sells products throughout the Northeast, Midwest, Gulf Coast and West Coast of the 
United States, as well as in other regions of the United States and Canada, and is able to ship products to other 
international destinations. 

Logistics

The Company formed PBFX, a publicly traded master limited partnership, to own or lease, operate, develop and 
acquire crude oil and refined petroleum products terminals, pipelines, storage facilities and similar logistics assets. 
PBFX's assets consist of rail and truck terminals and unloading racks, tank farms and pipelines that were acquired 
from or contributed by PBF LLC and are located at, or nearby, the Company’s refineries. Additionally, PBFX 
acquired the East Coast Terminals in 2016 which was its first third party acquisition. Further, PBFX acquired from 
PBF LLC 50% of the issued and outstanding limited liability company interests of TVPC, whose assets consist of 
the  Torrance  Valley  Pipeline.  PBFX  provides  various  rail,  truck  and  marine  terminaling  services,  pipeline 
transportation services and storage services to PBF Holding and/or its subsidiaries and third party customers through 
fee-based  commercial  agreements. Apart  from  the  East  Coast  Terminals,  PBFX  currently  does  not  generate 
significant third party revenue and, as such, intersegment related-party revenues are eliminated in consolidation. 
Prior to the PBFX Offering, PBFX was not considered to be a separate reportable segment. From a PBF Energy 
perspective, the Company's chief operating decision maker evaluates the Logistics segment as a whole without 
regard to any of PBFX's individual segments.

The Company evaluates the performance of its segments based primarily on income from operations. Income from 
operations includes those revenues and expenses that are directly attributable to management of the respective 
segment. The Logistics segment's revenues include intersegment transactions with the Company's Refining segment 
at prices the Company believes are substantially equivalent to the prices that could have been negotiated with 
unaffiliated parties with respect to similar services. Activities of the Company's business that are not included in 
the two operating segments are included in Corporate. Such activities consist primarily of corporate staff operations 
and other items that are not specific to the normal operations of the two operating segments. The Company does 
not allocate certain items of other income and expense, including income taxes, to the individual segments. The 
Refinery segment's operating subsidiaries and PBFX are primarily pass-through entities with respect to income 
taxes.

Disclosures regarding Company's reportable segments with reconciliations to consolidated totals for year ended 
December 31,  2016,  2015  and  2014  are  presented  below.  The  Logistics  segment's  results  include  financial 
information of the predecessor of PBFX for periods prior to May 13, 2014, and the financial information of PBFX 
for the period beginning May 14, 2014, the completion date of the PBFX Offering. 

Prior to the PBFX Offering, the Company did not operate the PBFX assets independent of the Refining segment. 
Total assets of each segment consist of net property, plant and equipment, inventories, cash and cash equivalents, 
accounts receivables and other assets directly associated with the segment’s operations. Corporate assets consist 
primarily of deferred tax assets, property, plant and equipment and other assets not directly related to our refinery 
and logistic operations.

F- 64

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Year Ended December 31, 2016

Refining

Logistics

Corporate

Eliminations

Consolidated Total

Revenues

$

15,908,537

$

187,335

$

— $

(175,448) $

15,920,424

Depreciation and amortization expense
Income (loss) from operations (1)

Interest expense, net
Capital expenditures (2)

202,185

550,577

2,938

1,477,962

14,156

112,055

30,433

114,680

5,835

(158,070)

116,674

20,229

—

(5,679)

—

—

222,176

498,883

150,045

1,612,871

Year Ended December 31, 2015

Refining

Logistics

Corporate

 Eliminations

Consolidated Total

Revenues

$

13,123,929

$

142,102

$

— $

(142,102) $

13,123,929

Depreciation and amortization expense

Income (loss) from operations

Interest expense, net
Capital expenditures (3)

181,147

441,033

17,061

969,895

6,582

96,376

21,254

2,046

9,688

(177,298)

67,872

9,139

—

—

—

—

197,417

360,111

106,187

981,080

Year Ended December 31, 2014

Refining

Logistics

Corporate

 Eliminations

Consolidated Total

Revenues

$

19,828,155

$

59,403

$

— $

(59,403) $

19,828,155

Depreciation and amortization expense

Income (loss) from operations

Interest expense, net

Capital expenditures

162,326

283,646

23,618

577,896

4,473

20,514

2,672

47,805

13,583

(156,496)

72,474

5,631

—

—

—

—

180,382

147,664

98,764

631,332

Total assets (4)

Refining

Logistics

Corporate

 Eliminations

Consolidated Total

$

6,428,681

$

748,130

$

482,979

$

(37,863) $

7,621,927

Balance at December 31, 2016

Total assets

$

5,087,554

$

422,902

$

618,617

$

(23,949) $

6,105,124

Refining

Logistics

Corporate

 Eliminations

Consolidated Total

Balance at December 31, 2015

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

(4) 

The Logistics segment includes 100% of the income from operations of TVPC as TVPC is consolidated by PBFX. PBFX records 
net income attributable to noncontrolling interest for the 50% equity interest in TVPC held by PBF Holding. PBF Holding 
(included in the Refining segment) records equity income in investee related to its 50% noncontrolling ownership interest in 
TVPC. For the purposes of the consolidated PBF Energy financial statements, PBF Holding's equity income in investee and 
PBFX's net income attributable to noncontrolling interest eliminate in consolidation. As the acquisition of PBFX's 50% interest 
in TVPC was completed in the third quarter of 2016, there was no impact on comparative 2015 or 2014 disclosures.

The Refining segment includes capital expenditures of $2,659 for the working capital settlement related to the acquisition of 
the Chalmette refinery that was finalized in the first quarter of 2016 and $971,932 for the acquisition of the Torrance refinery 
in the third quarter of 2016. The Logistics segment includes $98,373 for the PBFX Plains Asset Purchase that was completed 
in the second quarter of 2016.

The Refining segment includes capital expenditures of $565,304 for the acquisition of the Chalmette refinery on November 1, 
2015, excluding the working capital settlement of $2,659 that was finalized in the first quarter of 2016.

The Logistics segment includes 100% of the assets of TVPC as TVPC is consolidated by PBFX. PBFX records a noncontrolling 
interest for the 50% equity interest in TVPC held by PBF Holding. PBF Holding (included in the Refining segment) records 
an equity investment in TVPC reflecting its noncontrolling ownership interest. For the purposes of the consolidated PBF Energy 
financial statements, PBFX's noncontrolling interest in TVPC and PBF Holding's equity investment in TVPC eliminate in 
consolidation. As the acquisition of PBFX's 50% interest in TVPC was completed in the third quarter of 2016, there was no 
impact on comparative 2015 disclosures.

F- 65

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

22. NET INCOME PER SHARE OF PBF ENERGY

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per Class A common share 
attributable to PBF Energy for the periods subsequent to the IPO: 

Basic Earnings Per Share:

Numerator for basic net income (loss) per Class A
common share net income attributable to PBF
Energy Inc. stockholders

Denominator for basic net income per Class A
common share-weighted average shares

Basic net income (loss) attributable to PBF Energy

per Class A common share

$

$

Diluted Earnings Per Share:

Numerator:

Net income (loss) attributable to PBF Energy Inc.

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

2014

170,811

$

146,401

$

(38,237)

98,334,302

88,106,999

74,464,494

1.74

$

1.66

$

(0.51)

stockholders

$

170,811

$

146,401

$

(38,237)

Plus: Net income attributable to noncontrolling 

interest (1)

Less: Income tax on net income per Class A 

common share (1)

Numerator for diluted net income (loss) per Class A 
common share net income attributable to PBF 
Energy (1)

Denominator (1):

14,903

14,257

(5,821)

(5,646)

—

—

$

179,893

$

155,012

$

(38,237)

Denominator for basic net income (loss) per Class A

common share-weighted average shares

98,334,302

88,106,999

74,464,494

Effect of dilutive securities:

Conversion of PBF LLC Series A Units
Common stock equivalents (2)  

Denominator for diluted net income (loss) per

4,865,133

407,274

5,530,568

501,283

—

—

common share-adjusted weighted average shares

103,606,709

94,138,850

74,464,494

Diluted net income (loss) attributable to PBF Energy

per Class A common share

 ——————————

$

1.74

$

1.65

$

(0.51)

F- 66

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

(1) 

(2) 

The net income attributable to PBF Energy, used in the numerator of the diluted earnings per share 
calculation is adjusted to reflect the net income, as well as the corresponding income tax (based on a 
39.1%, 39.6% and 40.2% effective tax rate for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014) 
attributable to the converted units. The potential conversion of 21,249,314 PBF LLC Series A Units 
for the year ended December 31, 2014 were excluded from the denominator in computing diluted net 
income per share because including them would have had an antidilutive effect. As the PBF LLC 
Series A Units were not included, the numerator used in the calculation of diluted net income per share 
was equal to the numerator used in the calculation of basic net income per share and does not include 
the net income and related income tax expense associated with the potential conversion of the PBF 
LLC Series A Units.

Represents an adjustment to weighted-average diluted shares outstanding to assume the full exchange 
of common stock equivalents, including options and warrants for PBF LLC Series A Units and options 
for shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock. Common stock equivalents excludes the effects of 
options to purchase 5,701,750, 2,943,750 and 2,401,875 shares of PBF Energy Class A common stock 
because they are anti-dilutive for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

23. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

The tables below present information about the Company's financial assets and liabilities measured and recorded 
at fair value on a recurring basis and indicate the fair value hierarchy of the inputs utilized to determine the fair 
values as of December 31, 2016 and 2015. 

We have elected to offset the fair value amounts recognized for multiple derivative contracts executed with the 
same counterparty; however, fair value amounts by hierarchy level are presented on a gross basis in the tables 
below. We have posted cash margin with various counterparties to support hedging and trading activities. The cash 
margin posted is required by counterparties as collateral deposits and cannot be offset against the fair value of open 
contracts  except  in  the  event  of  default.  We  have  no  derivative  contracts  that  are  subject  to  master  netting 
arrangements that are reflected gross on the balance sheet.

F- 67

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Assets:

Liabilities:

Assets:

Liabilities:

As of December 31, 2016

Fair Value Hierarchy

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total
Gross Fair
Value

Effect of
Counter-
party
Netting

Net
Carrying
Value on
Balance
Sheet

Money market funds

$

342,837

$

— $

— $

342,837

N/A

$

342,837

Marketable securities

Commodity contracts

Derivatives included with

inventory intermediation
agreement obligations

Commodity contracts

Catalyst lease obligations

40,024

948

—

35

—

6,058

859

—

3,548

45,969

—

—

—

84

—

40,024

983

N/A

(983)

40,024

—

6,058

—

6,058

4,491

45,969

(983)

—

3,508

45,969

As of December 31, 2015

Fair Value Hierarchy

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total
Gross Fair
Value

Effect of
Counter-
party
Netting

Net
Carrying
Value on
Balance
Sheet

Money market funds

$

631,280

$

— $

— $

631,280

N/A

$

631,280

Marketable securities

Commodity contracts

Derivatives included with

inventory intermediation
agreement obligations

234,258

63,810

—

—

234,258

N/A

234,258

31,256

3,543

98,609

(52,482)

$

46,127

—

35,511

—

—

—

35,511

—

35,511

52,482

31,802

(52,482)

—

—

31,802

Commodity contracts

Catalyst lease obligations

49,960

—

2,522

31,802

F- 68

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

The valuation methods used to measure financial instruments at fair value are as follows:

•  Money market funds categorized in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy are measured at fair value based 

on quoted market prices and included within cash and cash equivalents.

•  Marketable securities, consisting primarily of US Treasury securities, categorized in Level 1 of the fair 

value hierarchy are measured at fair value based on quoted market prices.

•  The commodity contracts categorized in Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy are measured at fair value 
based on quoted prices in an active market. The commodity contracts categorized in Level 2 of the fair 
value hierarchy are measured at fair value using a market approach based upon future commodity prices 
for similar instruments quoted in active markets.  

•  The commodity contracts categorized in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy consist of commodity price 
swap contracts that relate to forecasted purchases of crude oil for which quoted forward market prices 
are not readily available due to market illiquidity. The forward price used to value these swaps was derived 
using broker quotes, prices from other third party sources and other available market based data. 

•  The  derivatives  included  with  inventory  supply  arrangement  obligations,  derivatives  included  with 
inventory intermediation agreement obligations and the catalyst lease obligations are categorized in Level 
2 of the fair value hierarchy and are measured at fair value using a market approach based upon commodity 
prices for similar instruments quoted in active markets.

Non-qualified pension plan assets are measured at fair value using a market approach based on published net asset 
values of mutual funds as a practical expedient. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, $9,440 and $9,325, respectively, 
were included within Deferred charges and other assets, net for these non-qualified pension plan assets. 

The table below summarizes the changes in fair value measurements of commodity contracts categorized in 
Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy:

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

Balance at beginning of period

$

3,543

$

Purchases

Settlements

Unrealized (gain) loss included in earnings

Transfers into Level 3

Transfers out of Level 3
Balance at end of period

—
(1,149)
(2,478)
—

—
(84)

$

1,521

—
(15,222)
17,244

—

—

$

3,543

There were no transfers between levels during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 

F- 69

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

Fair value of debt

The table below summarizes the fair value and carrying value as of December 31, 2016 and 2015.

Senior Secured Notes due 2020 (a)

Senior Secured Notes due 2023 (a)

PBFX Senior Notes (a)

PBFX Term Loan (b)

PBF Rail Term Loan (b)

Rail Facility (b)
Catalyst leases (c)
PBFX Revolving Credit Facility (b)

Revolving Loan (b)

December 31, 2016
Fair
 value

Carrying 
value

December 31, 2015

Carrying
 value

Fair 
value

$

670,867

$

696,098

$

669,644

$

500,000

350,000

39,664

35,000

—

45,969

189,200

350,000

498,801

346,135

39,664

35,000

—

45,969

189,200

350,000

500,000

350,000

234,200

—

67,491

31,802

24,500

—

706,246

492,452

321,722

234,200

—

67,491

31,802

24,500

—

Less - Current maturities

Less - Unamortized deferred financing costs

2,180,700

2,200,867

1,877,637

1,878,413

39,664

32,466

39,664

n/a

—

41,282

—

n/a

Long-term debt

$

2,108,570

$

2,161,203

$

1,836,355

$

1,878,413

(a) The estimated fair value, categorized as a Level 2 measurement, was calculated based on the present value of 
future  expected  payments  utilizing  implied  current  market  interest  rates  based  on  quoted  prices  of  the  Senior 
Secured Notes and PBFX Senior Notes. 

(b) The estimated fair value approximates carrying value, categorized as a Level 2 measurement, as these borrowings 
bear interest based upon short-term floating market interest rates.

(c) Catalyst leases are valued using a market approach based upon commodity prices for similar instruments quoted 
in active markets and are categorized as a Level 2 measurement. The Company has elected the fair value option 
for accounting for its catalyst lease repurchase obligations as the Company's liability is directly impacted by the 
change in fair value of the underlying catalyst.

24. DERIVATIVES

The Company uses derivative instruments to mitigate certain exposures to commodity price risk. The Company’s 
expired  crude  supply  agreements  contained  purchase  obligations  for  certain  volumes  of  crude  oil  and  other 
feedstocks. In addition, the Company entered into Inventory Intermediation Agreements that contain purchase 
obligations for certain volumes of intermediates and refined products. The purchase obligations related to crude 
oil, feedstocks, intermediates and refined products under these agreements are derivative instruments that have 
been designated as fair value hedges in order to hedge the commodity price volatility of certain refinery inventory. 
The fair value of these purchase obligation derivatives is based on market prices of the underlying crude oil and 
refined products. The level of activity for these derivatives is based on the level of operating inventories. 

As of December 31, 2016, there were no barrels of crude oil and feedstocks (no barrels at December 31, 2015) 
outstanding  under  these  derivative  instruments  designated  as  fair  value  hedges  and  no  barrels  (no  barrels  at 
December 31, 2015) outstanding under these derivative instruments not designated as hedges. As of December 31, 
2016, there were 2,942,348 barrels of intermediates and refined products (3,776,011 barrels at December 31, 2015) 
outstanding  under  these  derivative  instruments  designated  as  fair  value  hedges  and  no  barrels  (no  barrels  at 

F- 70

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

December 31,  2015)  outstanding  under  these  derivative  instruments  not  designated  as  hedges. These  volumes 
represent the notional value of the contract. 

The Company also enters into economic hedges primarily consisting of commodity derivative contracts that are 
not designated as hedges and are used to manage price volatility in certain crude oil and feedstock inventories as 
well as crude oil, feedstock, and refined product sales or purchases. The objective in entering into economic hedges 
is  consistent  with  the  objectives  discussed  above  for  fair  value  hedges. As  of  December 31,  2016,  there  were 
5,950,000 barrels of crude oil and 2,831,000 barrels of refined products (39,577,000 and 4,599,136, respectively, 
as of December 31, 2015), outstanding under short and long term commodity derivative contracts not designated 
as hedges representing the notional value of the contracts. 

The following tables provide information about the fair values of these derivative instruments as of December 31, 
2016 and December 31, 2015 and the line items in the consolidated balance sheet in which the fair values are 
reflected. 

Description

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
December 31, 2016:
Derivatives included with the inventory intermediation agreement
obligations
December 31, 2015:
Derivatives included with the inventory intermediation agreement
obligations

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
December 31, 2016:
Commodity contracts
December 31, 2015:
Commodity contracts

Balance Sheet 
Location

Fair Value
Asset/
(Liability)

Accrued expenses

$

6,058

Accrued expenses

$

35,511

Accrued expenses

$

3,508

Accounts receivable $

46,127

F- 71

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

The  following  tables  provide  information  about  the  gains  or  losses  recognized  in  income  on  these  derivative 
instruments and the line items in the consolidated financial statements in which such gains and losses are reflected. 

Description

Derivatives designated as hedging instruments:
For the year ended December 31, 2016:
Derivatives included with inventory supply arrangement obligations

Derivatives included with the inventory intermediation agreement
obligations
For the year ended December 31, 2015:
Derivatives included with inventory supply arrangement obligations

Derivatives included with the inventory intermediation agreement
obligations

For the year ended December 31, 2014

Derivatives included with inventory supply arrangement obligations
Derivatives included with the inventory intermediation agreement
obligations

Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
For the year ended December 31, 2016:
Commodity contracts
For the year ended December 31, 2015:
Commodity contracts

For the year ended December 31, 2014

Commodity contracts

Hedged items designated in fair value hedges:
For the year ended December 31, 2016:
Crude oil and feedstock inventory
Intermediate and refined product inventory
For the year ended December 31, 2015:
Crude oil and feedstock inventory

Intermediate and refined product inventory
For the year ended December 31, 2014

Crude oil and feedstock inventory

Intermediate and refined product inventory

Location of Gain 
or (Loss) 
Recognized in
 Income on 
Derivatives

Gain or (Loss)
Recognized in
Income on 
Derivatives

Cost of sales

Cost of sales

Cost of sales

Cost of sales

Cost of sales

Cost of sales

Cost of sales

Cost of sales

Cost of sales

Cost of sales
Cost of sales

Cost of sales

Cost of sales

Cost of sales

Cost of sales

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$
$

$

$

$

$

—

(29,453)

(4,251)

(59,323)

4,428

88,818

(55,557)

32,416

146,016

—
29,453

4,251

59,323

(4,428)
(88,818)

The Company had no ineffectiveness related to the fair value hedges as of December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014. 

F- 72

PBF ENERGY INC.
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(IN THOUSANDS, EXCEPT SHARE, UNIT, PER SHARE, PER UNIT AND BARREL DATA)

25. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

Dividend Declared

On February 16, 2017, the Company announced a dividend of $0.30 per share on outstanding Class A common 
stock. The dividend is payable on March 13, 2017 to Class A common stockholders of record at the close of business 
on February 27, 2017.

PBFX Distributions

On February 16, 2017, PBFX announced a distribution of $0.45 per unit on outstanding common and subordinated 
units of PBFX. The distribution is payable on March 13, 2017 to unit holders of record at the close of business on 
February 27, 2017.

Contribution Agreement

On February 15, 2017, PBF LLC entered into a contribution agreement with PBFX pursuant to which PBF LLC 
has agreed to contribute to PBFX all of the issued and outstanding limited liability company interests of Paulsboro 
Natural Gas Pipeline Company LLC. The transaction is expected to close on February 28, 2017.

Storage Services Agreement

On February 15, 2017, the PBF Holding and PBFX’s wholly-owned subsidiary, PBFX Operating Company ("PBFX 
Op Co") entered into a ten-year storage services agreement (the “Chalmette Storage Agreement”) under which 
PBFX, through PBFX Op Co, will provide storage services to PBF Holding upon the earlier of November 1, 2017 
and the completion of construction of a new tank at PBF Holding’s Chalmette Refinery. PBFX Op Co and Chalmette 
Refining have entered into a twenty-year lease for the premises upon which the tank will be located and a project 
management agreement pursuant to which Chalmette Refining will manage the construction of the tank. 

F- 73

PBF ENERGY INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA
(unaudited, in thousands)

The following table summarizes quarterly financial data for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 

(in thousands, except per share amounts). 

Revenues
(Loss) income from operations
Net (loss) income
Net (loss) income attributable to PBF
Energy Inc. stockholders

(Loss) earnings per common share -
assuming dilution

Revenues
Income (loss) from operations
Net income (loss)
Net income (loss) attributable to PBF
Energy Inc. stockholders

Earnings (loss) per common share -
assuming dilution

$

$

$

2016 Quarter Ended

March 31
2,800,185
(5,424)
(23,336)

$

June 30
3,858,467
234,770
120,648

$

September 30
4,513,204
129,710
56,444

December 31

$

4,748,568
139,827
71,762

(29,388)

103,530

42,111

54,558

(0.30) $

1.06

$

0.43

$

0.54

2015 Quarter Ended

March 31
2,995,136
172,410
103,119

$

June 30
3,550,664
273,796
158,460

$

September 30
3,217,640
92,267
55,495

$

December 31 
3,360,489
(178,362)
(121,541)

87,321

135,810

42,799

(119,529)

$

1.00

$

1.57

$

0.49

$

(1.24)

During the three months ended December 31, 2016, the Company recorded an adjustment to the lower of cost or 
market which resulted in a net pre-tax income impact of $200,515 reflecting the change in the lower of cost or 
market inventory reserve from $796,503 at September 30, 2016 to approximately $595,988 at December 31, 2016. 
During the three months ended December 31, 2015, the Company recorded an adjustment to the lower of cost or 
market which resulted in a net pre-tax income impact of $346,100 reflecting the change in the lower of cost or 
market inventory reserve from $771,300 at September 30, 2015 to approximately $1,117,300 at December 31, 
2015. 

F- 74

 
 
 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly 

caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

PBF ENERGY INC.

                    (Registrant)

By:

/s/ Thomas J. Nimbley

(Thomas J. Nimbley)

Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: February 24, 2017 

 
 
 
 
 
POWER OF ATTORNEY

Each of the officers and directors of PBF Energy Inc., whose signature appears below, in so signing, also makes, constitutes 
and appoints each of Erik Young, Matthew Lucey and Trecia Canty, and each of them, his true and lawful attorneys-in-fact, 
with full power and substitution, for him in any and all capacities, to execute and cause to be filed with the SEC any and all 
amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, with exhibits thereto and other documents connected therewith and to perform 
any acts necessary to be done in order to file such documents, and hereby ratifies and confirms all that said attorneys-in-fact 
or their substitute or substitutes may do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 

persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Signature

Title

Date

/s/ Thomas J. Nimbley

Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board

February 24, 2017

(Thomas J. Nimbley)

of Directors (Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Erik Young

(Erik Young)

/s/ John Barone

(John Barone)

/s/ Spencer Abraham

(Spencer Abraham)

/s/ Wayne Budd

(Wayne Budd)

/s/ Gene Edwards

(Gene Edwards)

/s/ William Hantke

(William Hantke)

/s/ Dennis Houston

(Dennis Houston)

/s/ Edward F. Kosnik

(Edward F. Kosnik)

/s/ Robert J. Lavinia

(Robert J. Lavinia)

/s/ Eija Malmivirta

(Eija Malmivirta)

Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

February 24, 2017

(Principal Financial Officer)

Chief Accounting Officer

(Principal Accounting Officer)

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

February 24, 2017

February 24, 2017

February 24, 2017

February 24, 2017

February 24, 2017

February 24, 2017

February 24, 2017

February 24, 2017

February 24, 2017

 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
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[THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

Corporate Information

Corporate Headquarters
1 Sylvan Way, Second Floor

CORPORATE OFFICERS
THOMAS J. NIMBLEY

Parsippany, New Jersey, 07054

Chief Executive Officer

Common Stock
New York Stock Exchange Symbol: PBF

MATTHEW C. LUCEY

President

Investor Relations
Colin Murray

973-455-7578

ERIK YOUNG

Senior Vice President and  

Chief Financial Officer

Transfer Agent And Registrar
Questions regarding stock holdings, certificate

TRECIA CANTY

Senior Vice President, General 

replacement/transfer, and address changes

Counsel and Secretary

should be directed to:

American Stock Transfer & Trust Company

Operations Center

6201 15th Avenue

Brooklyn, NY 11219

(800) 937-5449

www.amstock.com

Auditors
Deloitte & Touche LLP

THOMAS O’CONNOR

Senior Vice President, Commercial

HERMAN SEEDORF

Senior Vice President of Refining

JEFFREY DILL

President, Western Region

PAUL DAVIS

Senior Vice President, Western Region  

Commercial Operations

PBF Energy Inc.
Corporate Headquarters
1 Sylvan Way, Second Floor
Parsippany, New Jersey, 07054

pbfenergy.com