Perma-Fix Environmental Services
Annual Report 2012

Plain-text annual report

nuclear technical waste A Nuclear Services and Waste Management Company 2012 Annual Repor t Dear Fellow Shareholders, 2012 proved to be an extremely challenging year for the company. Delayed and redirected government spending due to near-term budgetary priorities and political uncertainty, as well as sequestration and faltering global markets put the company in one of the worst fiscal environments in our history. Despite these significant industry wide chal- lenges, we have reduced expenses and realized significant synergies by reorganizing the company support functions. We see signs of improvement in our market and we believe that our streamlined overhead should improve cash flow for the balance of the year. Heading into 2013, we have a seasoned team of industry experts well equipped to lead the company in its growth strategy and expansion of government, commercial and international nuclear markets. Looking ahead, our sales pipeline continues to grow. Within the Treatment Segment, we are aggressively pursuing significant opportunities to treat more complex and higher activity waste streams. For example, we believe we have treatment technologies and permitted facilities in place that could be utilized to rapidly and effectively address problematic waste streams, including tank waste at Hanford, Washington and other Department of Energy (“DOE”) sites around the country. We are pleased with the development of partnerships with several technology providers that enable us to offer more state-of-the-art capabilities to our waste customers. We believe these capabilities will allow us to treat a variety of highly complex nuclear waste streams at Hanford and other sites that we believe currently have no other commercially available treatment and disposal options. Within the Services Segment, we are aggressively bidding on a broad spectrum of projects, including government, commercial and international business. Although the DOE has been slow issuing task orders, we have begun to win contracts and see meaningful opportunities on the near-term horizon. We have also increased our sales and marketing focus on non-DOE clients and are working aggressively behind the scenes on a number of international opportunities, where we see substantial growth opportunities in markets that are cumulatively 10-to-20 times larger than the current US nuclear market. We believe the upside opportunities on the services side of our business and the steady improvement in our waste treatment business, coupled with our recent expense reductions, bode well for the future and our position as an industry leader. We appreciate the support of our shareholders during this challenging market environment and look forward to keeping shareholders apprised of our progress throughout the year. Dr. Louis F. Centofanti Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549 FORM 10-K [X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012 or [ ] TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from _____ to _____ Commission File No. 1-11596 PERMA-FIX ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) Delaware State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization 8302 Dunwoody Place, #250, Atlanta, GA (Address of principal executive offices) 58-1954497 (IRS Employer Identification Number) 30350 (Zip Code) (770) 587-9898 (Registrant's telephone number) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Name of each exchange on which registered Common Stock, $.001 Par Value NASDAQ Capital Markets Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes No X Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes No X Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes X No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes X No Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained to the best of the Registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. [ ] Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of "large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer" and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): Large accelerated filer (cid:1) Accelerated Filer (cid:2) Non-accelerated Filer (cid:1) Smaller reporting company (cid:1) Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes No X The aggregate market value of the Registrant's voting and non-voting common equity held by nonaffiliates of the Registrant computed by reference to the closing sale price of such stock as reported by NASDAQ as of the last business day of the most recently completed second fiscal quarter (June 30, 2012), was approximately $59,199,485. For the purposes of this calculation, all executive officers and directors of the Registrant (as indicated in Item 12) are deemed to be affiliates. Such determination should not be deemed an admission that such directors or officers, are, in fact, affiliates of the Registrant. The Company's Common Stock is listed on the NASDAQ Capital Markets. As of February 20, 2013, there were 56,272,649 shares of the registrant's Common Stock, $.001 par value, outstanding. Documents incorporated by reference: none PERMA-FIX ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC. INDEX PART I Page No. Item 1. Business ................................................................................................................................... 1 Item 1A. Risk Factors ............................................................................................................................. 10 Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments .................................................................................................... 19 Item 2. Properties ................................................................................................................................. 19 Item 3. Legal Proceedings .................................................................................................................... 19 Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosure ............................................................................................................ 20 Item 4A. Executive Officers of the Registrant ........................................................................................ 20 PART II Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters .......................... 21 Item 6. Selected Financial Data .......................................................................................................... 23 Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition And Results of Operations ..................................................................................................... 24 Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk ................................................ 48 Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements........................................................... 49 Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data ....................................................................... 51 Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure ..................................................................................... 100 Item 9A. Controls and Procedures ........................................................................................................ 100 Item 9B. Other Information .................................................................................................................. 103 PART III Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance ...................................................... 103 Item 11. Executive Compensation ........................................................................................................ 108 Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters ................................................................................................................ 123 Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence ........................ 126 Item 14. Principal Accountants’ Fees and Services .............................................................................. 129 PART IV Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules .......................................................................... 130 PART I ITEM 1. BUSINESS Company Overview and Principal Products and Services Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. (the Company, which may be referred to as we, us, or our), a Delaware corporation incorporated in December of 1990, is an international environmental and technology know-how company, which provides: o Treatment, storage, processing and disposal of mixed waste (which is waste that contains both low- level radioactive and hazardous waste), non-nuclear hazardous waste, nuclear low level, and higher activity radioactive wastes; o Research and development (“R&D”) activities to identify, develop and implement innovative waste processing techniques for problematic waste streams; o On-site waste management services to commercial and government customers; o Technical services which includes: (a) health physics and radiological control technician services; (b) safety and industrial hygiene services; (c) staff augmentation services providing consulting, engineering, project management, waste management, environmental, and decontamination and decommissioning field personal, technical personnel, and management and services to commercial and government customers; and (d) consulting engineering services including air, water, and hazardous waste permitting, air, soil, and water sampling, compliance reporting, emission reduction strategies, compliance auditing, and various compliance and training activities; o Nuclear services which includes: including engineering, decontamination and decommissioning (“D&D”), specialty services and construction, logistics, transportation, processing and disposal and (b) remediation of nuclear licensed and federal facilities and the remediation cleanup of nuclear legacy sites; and Instrumentation and measurement technologies. technology-based services (a) o We have grown through acquisitions and internal growth. Our goal is to continue focus on the efficient operation of our facilities and on-site activities, continue to evaluate strategic acquisitions, and to continue the R&D of innovative technologies to treat nuclear waste, mixed waste, and industrial waste. Our business includes services provided by our two segments, Treatment and Services, as described below. We service research institutions, commercial companies, public utilities, and governmental agencies nationwide, including the U.S. Department of Energy (“DOE”) and U.S. Department of Defense (“DOD”). The distribution channels for our services are through direct sales to customers or via intermediaries. Our executive offices are located at 8302 Dunwoody Place, Suite 250, Atlanta, Georgia 30350. Website access to Company's reports Our internet website address is www.perma-fix.com. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act are available free of charge through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission (“Commission”). Additionally, we make available free of charge on our internet website: the charter of our Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee; • our Code of Ethics; • • our Anti-Fraud Policy; • the charter of our Audit Committee. 1 Segment Information and Foreign and Domestic Operations and Export Sales The Company has two reportable segments. In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 280, “Segment Reporting”, we define an operating segment as: a business activity from which we may earn revenue and incur expenses; • • whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Officer to make decisions about resources to be allocated and assess its performance; and for which discrete financial information is available. • TREATMENT SEGMENT reporting includes: - nuclear, low-level radioactive, mixed, hazardous and non-hazardous waste treatment, processing and disposal services primarily through four uniquely licensed (Nuclear Regulatory Commission or state equivalent) and permitted (Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) or state equivalent) treatment and storage facilities held by the following subsidiaries: Perma-Fix of Florida, Inc. (“PFF”), Diversified Scientific Services, Inc., (“DSSI”), Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc. (“PFNWR”), and East Tennessee Materials & Energy Corporation (“M&EC”). The presence of nuclear and low-level radioactive constituents within the waste streams processed by this segment creates different and unique operational, processing and permitting/licensing requirements; and - R&D activities to identify, develop and implement innovative waste processing techniques for problematic waste streams. For 2012, the Treatment Segment accounted for $45,882,000 or 36.0% of total revenue from continuing operations, as compared to $65,838,000 or 55.7% of total revenue from continuing operations for 2011 and $53,363,000 or 54.6% of total revenue from continuing operations for 2010. See “ – Dependence Upon a Single or Few Customers” and “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for further details and a discussion as to our Segments’ contracts with the federal government or with others as a subcontractor to the federal government. SERVICES SEGMENT reporting includes: - On-site waste management services to commercial and government customers; - Technical services, which include: o professional radiological measurement and site survey of large government and commercial o installations using advance methods, technology and engineering; integrated Occupational Safety and Health services including industrial hygiene (“IH”) assessments; hazardous materials surveys, e.g., exposure monitoring; lead and asbestos management/abatement oversight; indoor air quality evaluations; health risk and exposure assessments; health & safety plan/program development, compliance auditing and training services; and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”) citation assistance; o global technical services providing consulting, engineering, project management, waste management, environmental, and D&D field, technical, and management personnel and services to commercial and government customers; and o augmented engineering services (through our Schreiber, Yonley & Associates subsidiary – “SYA”) providing consulting environmental services to industrial and government customers: (cid:1) including air, water, and hazardous waste permitting, air, soil and water sampling, compliance reporting, emission reduction strategies, compliance auditing, and various compliance and training activities; and engineering and compliance support to other segments; technology-based services including engineering, D&D, specialty services and construction, logistics, transportation, processing and disposal; 2 (cid:1) - Nuclear services, which include: o o remediation of nuclear licensed and federal facilities and the remediation cleanup of nuclear legacy sites. Such services capability includes: project investigation; radiological engineering; partial and total plant D&D; facility decontamination, dismantling, demolition, and planning; site restoration; site construction; logistics; transportation; and emergency response; and - A company owned equipment calibration and maintenance laboratory that services, maintains, calibrates, and sources (i.e., rental) of health physics, IH and customized nuclear, environmental, and occupational safety and health (“NEOSH”) instrumentation; For 2012, the Services Segment accounted for $81,627,000 or 64.0% of total revenue from continuing operations, as compared to $52,261,000 or 44.3% of total revenue from continuing operations for 2011 and $44,427,000 or 45.4% of total revenue from continuing operations for 2010. Of the total revenues for 2011 in this segment, $10,156,000 was attributable to the activities of Safety and Ecology Holdings Corporation (“SEHC”) and its subsidiaries, Safety and Ecology Corporation, Safety & Ecology Corporation Limited (now known as Perma-Fix Environmental Services UK Limited - “Perma-Fix UK Limited”), SEC Federal Services Corporation, and SEC Radcon Alliance, LLC (“SECRA”, which we own 75%), (collectively “SEC”), which we acquired on October 31, 2011. See “ – Dependence Upon a Single or Few Customers” and “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data” for further details and a discussion as to our Segments’ contracts with the federal government or with others as a subcontractor to the federal government. Our segments exclude the Corporate and Operation Headquarters, which do not generate revenue, and our discontinued operations: Perma-Fix of South Georgia, Inc. (“PFSG”) facility which met the held for sale criteria under ASC 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment” on October 6, 2010. Our discontinued operations also encompass our Perma-Fix of Fort Lauderdale, Inc. (“PFFL”), Perma-Fix of Orlando, Inc. (“PFO”), Perma-Fix of Maryland, Inc. (“PFMD”), Perma-Fix of Dayton, Inc. (“PFD”), and Perma-Fix Treatment Services, Inc. (“PFTS”) facilities, which were divested on August 12, 2011, October 14, 2011, January 8, 2008, March 14, 2008, and May 30, 2008, respectively. Our discontinued operations also includes two previously closed locations, Perma-Fix of Michigan, Inc. (“PFMI”) and Perma-Fix of Memphis, Inc. (“PFM”), which were approved as discontinued operations by our Board of Directors effective October 4, 2004, and March 12, 1998, respectively. Foreign Operations Our Services Segment includes a foreign operation, Perma-Fix UK Limited, located in Blaydon On Tyne, England, which we acquired on October 31, 2011. Revenue generated from this operation was approximately $158,000 or 0.1% of our consolidated revenue from continuing operations during 2012. Revenue generated from this operation was $30,000 or .03% of our consolidated revenue from continuing operations during 2011. Our consolidated revenue from continuing operations for 2012, 2011, and 2010 included approximately $2,433,000 or 1.9%, $364,000 or 0.3%, and $966,000 or 1.0%, respectively, from an external customer located in Canada. Importance of Patents, Trademarks and Proprietary Technology We do not believe we are dependent on any particular trademark in order to operate our business or any significant segment thereof. We have received registration to May 2022 and December 2020, for the service marks “Perma-Fix Environmental Services” and “Perma-Fix”, respectively. In addition, we have received registration for six service marks for our SEC subsidiaries to periods ranging from 2014 to 2018. We are dependent on our permits and licenses discussed below in order to operate our businesses (See “- Permits and Licenses”). We are active in the R&D of technologies that allow us to address certain of our customers' environmental needs. To date, our R&D efforts have resulted in the granting of eleven active patents and the filing of several applications for which patents are pending. These eleven active patents have remaining lives ranging from approximately six to eleven years. Our flagship technology, the Perma-Fix Process, is a proprietary, cost effective, treatment technology that converts hazardous waste into non-hazardous material. We have 3 also developed the Perma-Fix II process, a multi-step treatment process that converts hazardous organic components into non-hazardous material. The Perma-Fix II process is particularly important to our mixed waste strategy. The Perma-Fix II process is designed to remove certain types of organic hazardous constituents from soils or other solids and sludges (“Solids”) through a water-based system. Until development of this Perma-Fix II process, we were not aware of a relatively simple and inexpensive process that would remove the organic hazardous constituents from Solids without elaborate and expensive equipment or expensive treating agents. Due to the organic hazardous constituents involved, the disposal options for such materials are limited, resulting in high disposal cost when there is a disposal option available. By reducing the organic hazardous waste constituents in the Solids to a level where the Solids meet Land Disposal Requirements, the generator's disposal options for such waste are substantially increased, allowing the generator to dispose of such waste at substantially less cost. We began commercial use of the Perma-Fix II process in 2000. However, changes to current environmental laws and regulations could limit the use of the Perma-Fix II process or the disposal options available to the generator. See “—Permits and Licenses” and “—Research and Development.” Permits and Licenses Waste management service companies are subject to extensive, evolving and increasingly stringent federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations. Such federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations govern our activities regarding the treatment, storage, processing, disposal and transportation of hazardous, non-hazardous and radioactive wastes, and require us to obtain and maintain permits, licenses and/or approvals in order to conduct certain of our waste activities. Failure to obtain and maintain our permits or approvals would have a material adverse effect on us, our operations, and financial condition. The permits and licenses have terms ranging from one to ten years, and provided that we maintain a reasonable level of compliance, renew with minimal effort, and cost. Historically, there have been no compelling challenges to the permit and license renewals. We believe that these permit and license requirements represent a potential barrier to entry for possible competitors. PFF, located in Gainesville, Florida, operates its hazardous, mixed and low-level radioactive waste activities under a RCRA (“Resource Conservation and Recovery Act”) Part B permit, Toxic Substances Control Act (“TSCA”) authorization, Restricted RX Drug Distributor-Destruction license, and a radioactive materials license issued by the State of Florida. DSSI, located in Kingston, Tennessee, conducts mixed and low-level radioactive waste storage and treatment activities under RCRA Part B permits and a radioactive materials license issued by the State of Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation. Co-regulated TSCA Polychlorinated Biphenyl (“PCB”) wastes are also managed for PCB destruction under the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) Approval effective June 2008. M&EC, located in Oak Ridge, Tennessee, performs hazardous, low-level radioactive and mixed waste storage and treatment operations under a RCRA Part B permit and a radioactive materials license issued by the State of Tennessee Department of Environment and Conservation. Co-regulated TSCA PCB wastes are also managed under EPA Approvals applicable to site-specific treatment units. PFNWR, located in Richland, Washington, operates a low-level radioactive waste processing facility as well as a mixed waste processing facility. Radioactive material processing is authorized under radioactive materials licenses issued by the State of Washington and mixed waste processing is additionally authorized under a RCRA Part B permit with TSCA authorization issued jointly by the State of Washington and the EPA. The combination of a RCRA Part B hazardous waste permit, TSCA authorization, and a radioactive materials license, as held by PFF, DSSI M&EC, and PFNWR are very difficult to obtain for a single facility and make these facilities unique. 4 Seasonality The DOE and DOD represent major customers for our Treatment Segment and Services Segment. For our Treatment Segment, federal clients have operated under reduced budgets due to ongoing short term budget Continuing Resolutions (“CR”) and this has negatively impacted the amount of waste shipped to our treatment facilities. The uncertainty with the federal budget and the availability of funding will continue to impact the Treatment Segment until a final budget or year long CR is approved by Congress. Historical seasonal variances in revenue whereby large shipments are received during the third quarter in conjunction with the federal government’s September 30 fiscal year-end from this Segment cannot be assured due to these uncertainties. Our Services Segment generally experiences a seasonal slowdown during the winter months due to transition from heavy construction activities to project planning, engineering, design, and responding to project solicitations. Our heavy construction projects are typically performed in the early Spring to late Fall months and winter weather conditions preclude productive work at project sites. Likewise, our technical services experience reduced activities and related billable hours throughout the November and December holiday period thus driving down revenues and utilization results. As with our Treatment Segment, revenue from this Segment is heavily dependent on federal government funding; therefore, we cannot provide assurance that we will not see large fluctuations in each of our quarters in the near future. Backlog The Treatment Segment of our Company maintains a backlog of stored waste, which represents waste that has not been processed. The backlog is principally a result of the timing and complexity of the waste being brought into the facilities and the selling price per container. As of December 31, 2012, our Treatment Segment had a backlog of approximately $8,668,000, as compared to approximately $14,609,000 as of December 31, 2011. Additionally, the time it takes to process waste from the time it arrives may increase due to the types and complexities of the waste we are currently receiving. We typically process our backlog during periods of low waste receipts, which historically has been in the first or fourth quarter. Dependence Upon a Single or Few Customers Our segments have significant relationships with the federal government, and continue to enter into contracts, directly as the prime contractor or indirectly as a subcontractor, with the federal government. The contracts that we are a party to with the federal government or with others as a subcontractor to the federal government generally provide that the government may terminate or renegotiate the contracts on 30 days notice, at the government's election. Our inability to continue under existing contracts that we have with the federal government (directly or indirectly as a subcontractor) could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition. We performed services relating to waste generated by the federal government, either directly as a prime contractor or indirectly as a subcontractor (including CHPRC as discussed below) to the federal government, representing approximately $101,533,000 or 79.6% of our total revenue from continuing operations during 2012, as compared to $99,660,000 or 84.5% of our total revenue from continuing operations during 2011, and $80,275,000 or 82.1% of our total revenue from continuing operations during 2010. The following customers accounted for 10% or more of the total revenues generated from continuing operations for twelve months ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010: Customer CH Plateau Remediation Company ("CHPRC") DOE Total Revenue $24,652,000 $59,136,000 $51,929,000 $26,265,000 $4,136,000 $0 % of Total Revenue 19.3% 50.1% 53.1% 20.6% 3.5% 0.0% Year 2012 2011 2010 2012 2011 2010 5 The increase in revenue generated directly from the DOE was attributed primarily from the acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011. Revenue generated from CH Plateau Remediation Company (“CHPRC”) includes revenue generated from the CHPRC subcontract (a cost plus award fee subcontract awarded to us during the second quarter of 2008 to participate in the cleanup of the central portion of the Hanford Site located in the state of Washington) at our Services Segment and three waste processing contracts at our Treatment Segment. Competitive Conditions The Treatment Segment’s largest competitor is EnergySolutions. At present, EnergySolutions’ Clive, Utah facility is one of the few radioactive disposal sites for commercially generated waste in the country in which our Treatment Segment can dispose of its nuclear waste. If EnergySolutions should refuse to accept our nuclear and mixed waste or cease operations at its Clive, Utah facility, such could have a material adverse effect on us for commercial wastes. However, with the recent radioactive disposal license granted to Waste Control Specialists (“WCS”) located in Andrews, Texas, this risk should be reduced with WCS’s disposal facility now online and accepting wastes. The Treatment Segment treats and disposes of DOE generated wastes largely at DOE owned sites. Smaller competitors are also present in the market place; however, they do not present a significant challenge at this time. Our Treatment Segment currently solicits business primarily on a North American basis with both government and commercial clients; however, we are focusing on emerging international markets for future work. The permitting and licensing requirements, and the cost to obtain such permits, are barriers to the entry of hazardous waste and radioactive and mixed waste activities as presently operated by our waste treatment subsidiaries. If the permit requirements for hazardous waste treatment, storage, and disposal (“TSD”) activities and/or the licensing requirements for the handling of low level radioactive matters are eliminated or if such licenses or permits were made less rigorous to obtain, such would allow companies to enter into these markets and provide greater competition. Our Services Segment is engaged in highly competitive businesses in which a number of our government contracts and some of our commercial contracts are awarded through competitive bidding processes. The extent of such competition varies according to the industries and markets in which our customers operate as well as the geographic areas in which we operate. The degree and type of competition we face is also often influenced by the type of projects for which our Services Segment competes, especially projects subject to the governmental bid process. For international business, competition among competitors that are not encountered in our domestic business makes work in foreign countries more challenging. Some of the competitors are larger and possess greater resources and technical abilities than we do, which may give them an advantage when bidding for certain projects. Competition also places downward pressure on our contract bid prices and profit margins. Intense competition is expected to continue for government environmental service contracts, which may provide challenge to our ability to maintain strong growth rates and acceptable profit margins. If our Services Segment is unable to meet these competitive challenges, it could lose market share and experience an overall reduction in its profits. Capital Spending, Certain Environmental Expenditures and Potential Environmental Liabilities Capital Spending During 2012, our purchases of capital equipment totaled approximately $412,000. These expenditures were for improvements to operations within both Segments. These capital expenditures were funded by the cash provided by operating activities. We have budgeted approximately $2,500,000 for 2013 capital expenditures for our segments to expand our operations into new markets, reduce the cost of waste processing and handling, expand the range of wastes that can be accepted for treatment and processing, and to maintain permit compliance requirements. Certain of these budgeted projects are discretionary and may either be delayed until later in the year or deferred altogether. We have traditionally incurred actual capital spending totals for a given year less than the initial budget amount. The initiation and timing of projects are also determined by financing alternatives or funds available for such capital projects. 6 Environmental Liabilities We have four remediation projects, which are currently in progress at certain of our discontinued facilities. These remediation projects principally entail the removal/remediation of contaminated soil and, in most cases, the remediation of surrounding ground water. In June 1994, we acquired PFD, which we divested in March 2008. Prior to our acquisition of PFD in 1994, the former owners of PFD had merged Environmental Processing Services, Inc. (“EPS”) with PFD. In acquiring PFD in 1994, we were indemnified by the seller for costs associated with remediating the property leased by EPS (“Leased Property”). The seller subsequently filed bankruptcy. Such remediation involves soil and/or groundwater restoration. The Leased Property used by EPS to operate its facility was separate and apart from the property on which PFD's facility was located. Upon the sale of substantially all of the assets of PFD in March 2008, we retained the environmental liability of PFD as it related only to the remediation of the EPS site. A Revised Closure Plan, submitted to Ohio Environmental Protection Agency in 2010, was approved on January 12, 2012. Installation of the final remedy was completed in October 2012 and is now fully operational. We have accrued approximately $99,000, at December 31, 2012, for the estimated, remaining costs of remediating the Leased Property, which will extend approximately over the next six years. In conjunction with our acquisition of PFM, we assumed and recorded certain liabilities to remediate gasoline contaminated groundwater and investigate potential areas of soil contamination on PFM's property. Prior to our ownership of PFM, the owners installed monitoring and treatment equipment to restore the groundwater to acceptable standards in accordance with federal, state and local authorities. In 2008, we completed all soil remediation with the exception of that associated with the groundwater contamination. In addition, we installed wells and equipment associated with groundwater remediation. In 2011, remediation of the remaining contaminated soil was completed leaving only treatment of the aquifer. We have accrued approximately $61,000 at December 31, 2012, for closure which we anticipate spending over the next five years. In conjunction with the acquisition of PFSG, we initially recognized an environmental accrual of $2,200,000 for estimated long-term costs to remove contaminated soil and to undergo groundwater remediation activities at the acquired facility in Valdosta, Georgia. A Corrective Action Plan has been submitted to the Georgia Environmental Protection Division and is currently under review. We have accrued approximately $1,373,000 at December 31, 2012, to complete remediation of the facility, which we anticipate spending over approximately the next ten years. As a result of the discontinued operations at the PFMI facility in 2004, we were required to complete certain closure and remediation activities pursuant to our RCRA permit, which were completed in January 2006. During 2006, based on state-mandated criteria, we implemented a modified methodology to remediate the facility, which have been completed. In 2010, as required under a Consent Order, a closure plan was submitted, which was approved on September 20, 2012. Only post closure monitoring, anticipated to continue for two years, is required going forward. As of December 31, 2012, we have $81,000 accrued for this site for expenses relating to post closure monitoring and remaining activities for the final closure of this site. No insurance or third party recovery was taken into account in determining our cost estimates or reserves, nor do our cost estimates or reserves reflect any discount for present value purposes. The nature of our business exposes us to significant risk of liability for damages. Such potential liability could involve, for example, claims for cleanup costs, personal injury or damage to the environment in cases where we are held responsible for the release of hazardous materials; claims of employees, customers or third parties for personal injury or property damage occurring in the course of our operations; and claims alleging negligence or professional errors or omissions in the planning or performance of our services. In addition, we could be deemed a responsible party for the costs of required cleanup of any property, which may be contaminated by hazardous substances generated or transported by us to a site we selected, including properties owned or leased by us. We could also be subject to fines and civil penalties in connection with violations of regulatory requirements. 7 Research and Development Innovation and technical know-how by our operations is very important to the success of our business. Our goal is to discover, develop and bring to market innovative ways to process waste that address unmet environmental needs. We conduct research internally, and also through collaborations with other third parties. The majority of our research activities are performed as we receive new and unique waste to treat. We feel that our investments in research have been rewarded by the discovery of the Perma-Fix Process and the Perma-Fix II process. Our competitors also devote resources to research and development and many such competitors have greater resources at their disposal than we do. We have estimated that during 2012, 2011, and 2010, we spent approximately $1,823,000, $1,502,000, and $921,000, respectively, in Company- sponsored research and development activities. Number of Employees In our service-driven business, our employees are vital to our success. We believe we have good relationships with our employees. As of December 31, 2012, we employed 596 employees, of which 568 are full-time employees, 21 are temporary employees and 7 are part-time employees. Approximately 61 full-time employees are unionized and covered by a collective bargaining agreement which expired on February 1, 2013 and 21 of the temporary employees are unionized and are covered by a collective bargaining agreement which expires on September 30, 2016. The collective bargaining agreement which expired on February 1, 2013 is currently being re-negotiated and covers employee working under the CHPRC subcontract. No interruption in work has resulted during this re-negotiation process. Governmental Regulation Environmental companies and their customers are subject to extensive and evolving environmental laws and regulations by a number of national, state and local environmental, safety and health agencies, the principal of which being the EPA. These laws and regulations largely contribute to the demand for our services. Although our customers remain responsible by law for their environmental problems, we must also comply with the requirements of those laws applicable to our services. We cannot predict the extent to which our operations may be affected by future enforcement policies as applied to existing laws or by the enactment of new environmental laws and regulations. Moreover, any predictions regarding possible liability are further complicated by the fact that under current environmental laws we could be jointly and severally liable for certain activities of third parties over whom we have little or no control. Although we believe that we are currently in substantial compliance with applicable laws and regulations, we could be subject to fines, penalties or other liabilities or could be adversely affected by existing or subsequently enacted laws or regulations. The principal environmental laws affecting our customers and us are briefly discussed below. The Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976, as amended (“RCRA”) RCRA and its associated regulations establish a strict and comprehensive permitting and regulatory program applicable to hazardous waste. The EPA has promulgated regulations under RCRA for new and existing treatment, storage and disposal facilities including incinerators, storage and treatment tanks, storage containers, storage and treatment surface impoundments, waste piles and landfills. Every facility that treats, stores or disposes of hazardous waste must obtain a RCRA permit or must obtain interim status from the EPA, or a state agency, which has been authorized by the EPA to administer its program, and must comply with certain operating, financial responsibility and closure requirements. The Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act of 1980 (“CERCLA,” also referred to as the “Superfund Act”) CERCLA governs the cleanup of sites at which hazardous substances are located or at which hazardous substances have been released or are threatened to be released into the environment. CERCLA authorizes the EPA to compel responsible parties to clean up sites and provides for punitive damages for noncompliance. CERCLA imposes joint and several liabilities for the costs of clean up and damages to natural resources. Health and Safety Regulations The operation of our environmental activities is subject to the requirements of the Occupational Safety and Health Act (“OSHA”) and comparable state laws. Regulations promulgated under OSHA by the Department of Labor require employers of persons in the transportation and environmental industries, including 8 independent contractors, to implement hazard communications, work practices and personnel protection programs in order to protect employees from equipment safety hazards and exposure to hazardous chemicals. Atomic Energy Act The Atomic Energy Act of 1954 governs the safe handling and use of Source, Special Nuclear and Byproduct materials in the U.S. and its territories. This act authorized the Atomic Energy Commission (now the Nuclear Regulatory Commission “USNRC”) to enter into “Agreements with States to carry out those regulatory functions in those respective states except for Nuclear Power Plants and federal facilities like the VA hospitals and the DOE operations.” The State of Florida (with the USNRC oversight), Office of Radiation Control, regulates the radiological program of the PFF facility, and the State of Tennessee (with the USNRC oversight), Tennessee Department of Radiological Health, regulates the radiological program of the DSSI and M&EC facilities. The State of Washington (with the USNRC oversight) Department of Health, regulates the radiological operations of the PFNWR facility. Other Laws Our activities are subject to other federal environmental protection and similar laws, including, without limitation, the Clean Water Act, the Clean Air Act, the Hazardous Materials Transportation Act and the Toxic Substances Control Act. Many states have also adopted laws for the protection of the environment which may affect us, including laws governing the generation, handling, transportation and disposition of hazardous substances and laws governing the investigation and cleanup of, and liability for, contaminated sites. Some of these state provisions are broader and more stringent than existing federal law and regulations. Our failure to conform our services to the requirements of any of these other applicable federal or state laws could subject us to substantial liabilities which could have a material adverse effect on us, our operations and financial condition. In addition to various federal, state and local environmental regulations, our hazardous waste transportation activities are regulated by the U.S. Department of Transportation, the Interstate Commerce Commission and transportation regulatory bodies in the states in which we operate. We cannot predict the extent to which we may be affected by any law or rule that may be enacted or enforced in the future, or any new or different interpretations of existing laws or rules. Insurance We believe we maintain insurance coverage adequate for our needs and similar to, or greater than, the coverage maintained by other companies of our size in the industry. There can be no assurances, however, that liabilities, which we may incur, will be covered by our insurance or that the dollar amount of such liabilities, which are covered will not exceed our policy limits. Under our insurance contracts, we usually accept self-insured retentions, which we believe is appropriate for our specific business risks. In June 2003, we entered into a 25-year finite risk insurance policy with Chartis, a subsidiary of American International Group, Inc. (“AIG”), which provides financial assurance to the applicable states for our permitted facilities in the event of unforeseen closure. Prior to obtaining or renewing operating permits, we are required to provide financial assurance that guarantees to the states that in the event of closure, our permitted facilities will be closed in accordance with the regulations. The policy provides a maximum $39,000,000 of financial assurance coverage. As of December 31, 2012, our total financial coverage under our finite risk policy totals approximately $37,524,000. In August 2007, we entered into a second finite risk insurance policy for our PFNWR facility, which we acquired in June 2007, with Chartis, a subsidiary of AIG. The policy provides an initial $7,800,000 of financial assurance coverage with annual growth rate of 1.5% which at the end of the four year term provides a maximum coverage of $8,200,000. This policy is renewed annually at the end of the four year term with a nominal fee for the variance between the policy and coverage requirement. We renewed this policy in 2011 and 2012 with an annual fee of $46,000. All other terms of the policy remain substantially unchanged. 9 ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS The following are certain risk factors that could affect our business, financial performance, and results of operations. These risk factors should be considered in connection with evaluating the forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-K, as the forward-looking statements are based on current expectations, and actual results and conditions could differ materially from the current expectations. Investing in our securities involves a high degree of risk, and before making an investment decision, you should carefully consider these risk factors as well as other information we include or incorporate by reference in the other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”). Risks Relating to our Operations Failure to maintain our financial assurance coverage that we are required to have in order to operate our permitted treatment, storage and disposal facilities could have a material adverse effect on us. A subsidiary of AIG, Chartis, provides our finite risk insurance policies which provide financial assurance to the applicable states for our permitted facilities in the event of unforeseen closure of those facilities. We are required to provide and to maintain financial assurance that guarantees to the state that in the event of closure, our permitted facilities will be closed in accordance with the regulations. Our initial policy provides a maximum of $39,000,000 of financial assurance coverage. We also maintain a financial assurance policy for our PFNWR facility, which provides a maximum coverage of $8,200,000. In the event that we are unable to obtain or maintain our financial assurance coverage for any reason, this could materially impact our operations and our permits which we are required to have in order to operate our treatment, storage, and disposal facilities If we cannot maintain adequate insurance coverage, we will be unable to continue certain operations. Our business exposes us to various risks, including claims for causing damage to property and injuries to persons that may involve allegations of negligence or professional errors or omissions in the performance of our services. Such claims could be substantial. We believe that our insurance coverage is presently adequate and similar to, or greater than, the coverage maintained by other companies in the industry of our size. If we are unable to obtain adequate or required insurance coverage in the future, or if our insurance is not available at affordable rates, we would violate our permit conditions and other requirements of the environmental laws, rules, and regulations under which we operate. Such violations would render us unable to continue certain of our operations. These events would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition. The inability to maintain existing government contracts or win new government contracts over an extended period could have a material adverse effect on our operations and adversely affect our future revenues. A material amount of our segments’ revenues are generated through various U.S. government contracts or subcontracts involving the U.S. government. Our revenues from governmental contracts and subcontracts relating to governmental facilities within our segments were approximately $101,533,000 or 79.6% and $99,660,000 or 84.4%, of our consolidated operating revenues from continuing operations for 2012 and 2011, respectively. Most of our government contracts or our subcontracts granted under government contracts are awarded through a regulated competitive bidding process. Some government contracts are awarded to multiple competitors, which increase overall competition and pricing pressure and may require us to make sustained post-award efforts to realize revenues under these government contracts. All contracts with, or subcontracts involving, the federal government are terminable, or subject to renegotiation, by the applicable governmental agency on 30 days notice, at the option of the governmental agency. If we fail to maintain or replace these relationships, or if a material contract is terminated or renegotiated in a manner that is materially adverse to us, our revenues and future operations could be materially adversely affected. Our existing and future customers may reduce or halt their spending on nuclear services with outside vendors, including us. A variety of factors may cause our existing or future customers (including the federal government) to reduce or halt their spending on nuclear services from outside vendors, including us. These factors include, but are not limited to: 10 • • • • • accidents, terrorism, natural disasters or other incidents occurring at nuclear facilities or involving shipments of nuclear materials; failure of the federal government to approve necessary budgets, or to reduce the amount of the budget necessary, to fund remediation of DOE and DOD sites; civic opposition to or changes in government policies regarding nuclear operations; or a reduction in demand for nuclear generating capacity; or failure to perform under existing contracts, directly or indirectly, with the federal government. These events could result in or cause the federal government to terminate or cancel its existing contracts involving us to treat, store or dispose of contaminated waste and/or to perform remediation projects, at one or more of the federal sites since all contracts with, or subcontracts involving, the federal government are terminable upon or subject to renegotiation at the option of the government on 30 days notice. These events also could adversely affect us to the extent that they result in the reduction or elimination of contractual requirements, lower demand for nuclear services, burdensome regulation, disruptions of shipments or production, increased operational costs or difficulties or increased liability for actual or threatened property damage or personal injury. Economic downturns and/or reductions in government funding could have a material negative impact on our businesses. Demand for our services has been, and we expect that demand will continue to be, subject to significant fluctuations due to a variety of factors beyond our control, including economic conditions, inability of the federal government to adopt its budget or reductions in the budget for spending to remediate federal sites due to numerous reasons, including, without limitation, the substantial deficits that the federal government has and is continuing to incur. During economic downturns and large budget deficits that the federal government and many states are experiencing, the ability of private and government entities to spend on nuclear services may decline significantly. Our operations depend, in large part, upon governmental funding, particularly funding levels at the DOE. Significant reductions in the level of governmental funding (for example, the annual budget of the DOE) or specifically mandated levels for different programs that are important to our business could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. The loss of one or a few customers could have an adverse effect on us. One or a few governmental customers or governmental related customers have in the past, and may in the future, account for a significant portion of our revenue in any one year or over a period of several consecutive years. Because customers generally contract with us for specific projects, we may lose these significant customers from year to year as their projects with us are completed. Our inability to replace the business with other projects could have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations. As a government contractor, we are subject to extensive government regulation, and our failure to comply with applicable regulations could subject us to penalties that may restrict our ability to conduct our business. Our governmental contracts, which are primarily with the DOE or subcontracts relating to DOE sites, are a significant part of our business. Allowable costs under U.S. government contracts are subject to audit by the U.S. government. If these audits result in determinations that costs claimed as reimbursable are not allowed costs or were not allocated in accordance with applicable regulations, we could be required to reimburse the U.S. government for amounts previously received. Governmental contracts or subcontracts involving governmental facilities are often subject to specific procurement regulations, contract provisions and a variety of other requirements relating to the formation, administration, performance and accounting of these contracts. Many of these contracts include express or implied certifications of compliance with applicable regulations and contractual provisions. If we fail to comply with any regulations, requirements or statutes, our existing governmental contracts or subcontracts involving governmental facilities could be terminated or we could be suspended from government contracting or subcontracting. If one or more of our governmental contracts or subcontracts are terminated 11 for any reason, or if we are suspended or debarred from government work, we could suffer a significant reduction in expected revenues and profits. Furthermore, as a result of our governmental contracts or subcontracts involving governmental facilities, claims for civil or criminal fraud may be brought by the government or violations of these regulations, requirements or statutes. Loss of certain key personnel could have a material adverse effect on us. Our success depends on the contributions of our key management, environmental and engineering personnel, especially Dr. Louis F. Centofanti, Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer. The loss of Dr. Centofanti could have a material adverse effect on our operations, revenues, prospects, and our ability to raise additional funds. Our future success depends on our ability to retain and expand our staff of qualified personnel, including environmental specialists and technicians, sales personnel, and engineers. Without qualified personnel, we may incur delays in rendering our services or be unable to render certain services. We cannot be certain that we will be successful in our efforts to attract and retain qualified personnel as their availability is limited due to the demand for hazardous waste management services and the highly competitive nature of the hazardous waste management industry. We do not maintain key person insurance on any of our employees, officers, or directors. Changes in environmental regulations and enforcement policies could subject us to additional liability and adversely affect our ability to continue certain operations. We cannot predict the extent to which our operations may be affected by future governmental enforcement policies as applied to existing laws, by changes to current environmental laws and regulations, or by the enactment of new environmental laws and regulations. Any predictions regarding possible liability under such laws are complicated further by current environmental laws which provide that we could be liable, jointly and severally, for certain activities of third parties over whom we have limited or no control. Our Treatment Segment has limited end disposal sites to utilize to dispose of its waste which could significantly impact our results of operations. Our Treatment Segment has limited options available for disposal of its waste. Currently, there are only two disposal sites for our low level radioactive waste we receive from non-governmental sites. If either of these disposal sites ceases to accept waste or closes for any reason or refuses to accept the waste of our Treatment Segment, for any reason, we would be limited to only the one remaining site to dispose of our nuclear waste. With only one end disposal site to dispose of our waste, we could be subject to significantly increased costs which could negatively impact our results of operations. Our businesses subject us to substantial potential environmental liability. Our business of rendering services in connection with management of waste, including certain types of hazardous waste, low-level radioactive waste, and mixed waste (waste containing both hazardous and low- level radioactive waste), subjects us to risks of liability for damages. Such liability could involve, without limitation: • • • claims for clean-up costs, personal injury or damage to the environment in cases in which we are held responsible for the release of hazardous or radioactive materials; and claims of employees, customers, or third parties for personal injury or property damage occurring in the course of our operations; and claims alleging negligence or professional errors or omissions in the planning or performance of our services. Our operations are subject to numerous environmental laws and regulations. We have in the past, and could in the future, be subject to substantial fines, penalties, and sanctions for violations of environmental laws and substantial expenditures as a responsible party for the cost of remediating any property which may be contaminated by hazardous substances generated by us and disposed at such property, or transported by us to a site selected by us, including properties we own or lease. 12 As our operations expand, we may be subject to increased litigation, which could have a negative impact on our future financial results. Our operations are highly regulated and we are subject to numerous laws and regulations regarding procedures for waste treatment, storage, recycling, transportation, and disposal activities, all of which may provide the basis for litigation against us. In recent years, the waste treatment industry has experienced a significant increase in so-called “toxic-tort” litigation as those injured by contamination seek to recover for personal injuries or property damage. We believe that, as our operations and activities expand, there will be a similar increase in the potential for litigation alleging that we have violated environmental laws or regulations or are responsible for contamination or pollution caused by our normal operations, negligence or other misconduct, or for accidents, which occur in the course of our business activities. Such litigation, if significant and not adequately insured against, could adversely affect our financial condition and our ability to fund our operations. Protracted litigation would likely cause us to spend significant amounts of our time, effort, and money. This could prevent our management from focusing on our operations and expansion. Our operations are subject to seasonal factors, which cause our revenues to fluctuate. We have historically experienced reduced revenues and losses during the first and fourth quarters of our fiscal years due to a seasonal slowdown in operations from poor weather conditions, overall reduced activities during these periods resulting from holiday periods, and finalization of government budgets during the fourth quarter of each year. During our second and third fiscal quarters there has historically been an increase in revenues and operating profits. If we do not continue to have increased revenues and profitability during the second and third fiscal quarters, this could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and liquidity. If environmental regulation or enforcement is relaxed, the demand for our services will decrease. The demand for our services is substantially dependent upon the public's concern with, and the continuation and proliferation of, the laws and regulations governing the treatment, storage, recycling, and disposal of hazardous, non-hazardous, and low-level radioactive waste. A decrease in the level of public concern, the repeal or modification of these laws, or any significant relaxation of regulations relating to the treatment, storage, recycling, and disposal of hazardous waste and low-level radioactive waste would significantly reduce the demand for our services and could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition. We are not aware of any current federal or state government or agency efforts in which a moratorium or limitation has been, or will be, placed upon the creation of new hazardous or radioactive waste regulations that would have a material adverse effect on us; however, no assurance can be made that such a moratorium or limitation will not be implemented in the future. We and our customers operate in a politically sensitive environment, and the public perception of nuclear power and radioactive materials can affect our customers and us. We and our customers operate in a politically sensitive environment. Opposition by third parties to particular projects can limit the handling and disposal of radioactive materials. Adverse public reaction to developments in the disposal of radioactive materials, including any high profile incident involving the discharge of radioactive materials, could directly affect our customers and indirectly affect our business. Adverse public reaction also could lead to increased regulation or outright prohibition, limitations on the activities of our customers, more onerous operating requirements or other conditions that could have a material adverse impact on our customers’ and our business. We may be exposed to certain regulatory and financial risks related to climate change. Climate change is receiving ever increasing attention from scientists and legislators alike. The debate is ongoing as to the extent to which our climate is changing, the potential causes of this change and its potential impacts. Some attribute global warming to increased levels of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide, which has led to significant legislative and regulatory efforts to limit greenhouse gas emissions. Presently there are no federally mandated greenhouse gas reduction requirements in the United States. However, there are a number of legislative and regulatory proposals to address greenhouse gas emissions, which are in various phases of discussion or implementation. The outcome of federal and state actions to address global climate change could result in a variety of regulatory programs including potential new regulations. Any adoption by federal or state governments mandating a substantial reduction in greenhouse 13 gas emissions could increase costs associated with our operations. Until the timing, scope and extent of any future regulation becomes known, we cannot predict the effect on our financial position, operating results and cash flows. We may not be successful in winning new business mandates from our government and commercial customers. We must be successful in winning mandates from our government and commercial customers to replace revenues from projects that we have completed or that are nearing completion and to increase our revenues. Our business and operating results can be adversely affected by the size and timing of a single material contract. The elimination or any modification of the Price-Anderson Acts indemnification authority could have adverse consequences for our business. The Atomic Energy Act of 1954, as amended, or the AEA, comprehensively regulates the manufacture, use, and storage of radioactive materials. The Price-Anderson Act supports the nuclear services industry by offering broad indemnification to DOE contractors for liabilities arising out of nuclear incidents at DOE nuclear facilities. That indemnification protects DOE prime contractor, but also similar companies that work under contract or subcontract for a DOE prime contract or transporting radioactive material to or from a site. The indemnification authority of the DOE under the Price-Anderson Act was extended through 2025 by the Energy Policy Act of 2005. Under certain conditions, the Price-Anderson Act’s indemnification provisions may not apply to our processing of radioactive waste at governmental facilities, and do not apply to liabilities that we might incur while performing services as a contractor for the DOE and the nuclear energy industry. If an incident or evacuation is not covered under Price-Anderson Act indemnification, we could be held liable for damages, regardless of fault, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. If such indemnification authority is not applicable in the future, our business could be adversely affected if the owners and operators of new facilities fail to retain our services in the absence of commercial adequate insurance and indemnification. We are engaged in highly competitive businesses and typically must bid against other competitors to obtain major contracts. We are engaged in highly competitive business in which most of our government contracts and some of our commercial contracts are awarded through competitive bidding processes. We compete with national and regional firms with nuclear services practices, as well as small or local contractors. Some of our competitors have greater financial and other resources than we do, which can give them a competitive advantage. In addition, even if we are qualified to work on a new government contract, we might not be awarded the contract because of existing government policies designed to protect certain types of businesses and underrepresented minority contractors. Competition also places downward pressure on our contract prices and profit margins. Intense competition is expected to continue for nuclear service contracts. If we are unable to meet these competitive challenges, we could lose market share and experience on overall reduction in our profits. Our failure to maintain our safety record could have an adverse effect on our business. Our safety record is critical to our reputation. In addition, many of our government and commercial customers require that we maintain certain specified safety record guidelines to be eligible to bid for contracts with these customers. Furthermore, contract terms may provide for automatic termination in the event that our safety record fails to adhere to agreed-upon guidelines during performance of the contract. As a result, our failure to maintain our safety record could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We may be unable to utilize loss carryforwards in the future. We have approximately $17,877,000 and $46,281,000 in net operating loss carryforwards which will expire from 2013 to 2021 if not used against future federal and state income tax liabilities, respectively. Our net loss carryforwards are subject to various limitations. Our ability to use the net loss carryforwards depends 14 on whether we are able to generate sufficient income in the future years. Further, our net loss carryforwards have not been audited or approved by the Internal Revenue Service. If our goodwill or amortizable intangible assets become impaired we may be required to record a significant charge to earnings. Under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”), we review our amortizable intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Goodwill is tested for impairment at least annually. Factors that may be considered a change in circumstances, indicating that the carrying value of our goodwill or amortizable intangible assets may not be recoverable, include a decline in stock price and market capitalization, reduced future cash flow estimates, and slower growth rates in our industry. We may be required to record a significant charge in our financial statements during the period in which any impairment of our goodwill or amortizable intangible assets is determined, negatively impacting our results of operations. We bear the risk of cost overruns in fixed-price contracts. We may experience reduced profits or, in some cases, losses under these contracts if costs increase above our estimates. A percentage of our revenues are earned under contracts that are fixed-price in nature. Fixed-price contracts expose us to a number of risks not inherent in cost-reimbursable contracts. Under fixed price and guaranteed maximum-price contracts, contract prices are established in part on cost and scheduling estimates which are based on a number of assumptions, including assumptions about future economic conditions, prices and availability of labor, equipment and materials, and other exigencies. If these estimates prove inaccurate, or if circumstances change such as unanticipated technical problems, difficulties in obtaining permits or approvals, changes in local laws or labor conditions, weather delays, cost of raw materials or our suppliers’ or subcontractors’ inability to perform, cost overruns may occur and we could experience reduced profits or, in some cases, a loss for that project. Errors or ambiguities as to contract specifications can also lead to cost- overruns. Adequate bonding is necessary for us to win certain types of new work. We are often required to provide performance bonds or other financial assurances to customers under fixed- price contracts, primarily within our Services Segment. These surety instruments indemnify the customer if we fail to perform our obligations under the contract. If a bond is required for a particular project and we are unable to obtain it due to insufficient liquidity or other reasons, we may not be able to pursue that project. We currently have a bonding facility but, the issuance of bonds under that facility is at the surety’s sole discretion. Moreover, due to events that affect the insurance and bonding markets generally, bonding may be more difficult to obtain in the future or may only be available at significant additional cost. There can be no assurance that bonds will continue to be available to us on reasonable terms. Our inability to obtain adequate bonding and, as a result, to bid on new work could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Failure to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, and stock price. Maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting is necessary for us to produce reliable financial reports and is important in helping to prevent financial fraud. If we are unable to maintain adequate internal controls, our business and operating results could be harmed. We are required to satisfy the requirements of Section 404 of Sarbanes Oxley and the related rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission, which require, among other things, our management to assess annually the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and our independent registered public accounting firm to issue a report on that assessment. Failure to remediate any future deficiencies noted by our independent registered public accounting firm or to implement required new or improved controls or difficulties encountered in their implementation could cause us to fail to meet our reporting obligations or result in material misstatements in our financial statements. If our management or our independent registered public accounting firm were to conclude in their reports that our internal control over financial reporting was not effective, investors could lose confidence in our reported financial information, and the trading price of our stock could drop significantly. 15 Risks Relating to our Intellectual Property If we cannot maintain our governmental permits or cannot obtain required permits, we may not be able to continue or expand our operations. We are a nuclear services and waste management company. Our business is subject to extensive, evolving, and increasingly stringent federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations. Such federal, state, and local environmental laws and regulations govern our activities regarding the treatment, storage, recycling, disposal, and transportation of hazardous and non-hazardous waste and low-level radioactive waste. We must obtain and maintain permits or licenses to conduct these activities in compliance with such laws and regulations. Failure to obtain and maintain the required permits or licenses would have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition. If any of our facilities are unable to maintain currently held permits or licenses or obtain any additional permits or licenses which may be required to conduct its operations, we may not be able to continue those operations at these facilities, which could have a material adverse effect on us. We believe our proprietary technology is important to us. We believe that it is important that we maintain our proprietary technologies. There can be no assurance that the steps taken by us to protect our proprietary technologies will be adequate to prevent misappropriation of these technologies by third parties. Misappropriation of our proprietary technology could have an adverse effect on our operations and financial condition. Changes to current environmental laws and regulations also could limit the use of our proprietary technology. Risks Relating to our Financial Position and Need for Financing Breach of financial covenants in existing credit facility could result in a default, triggering repayment of outstanding debt under the credit facility. Our credit facility with our bank contains financial covenants. A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under our credit facility triggering our lender to immediately require the repayment of all outstanding debt under our credit facility and terminate all commitments to extend further credit. In the past, none of our covenants have been restrictive to our operations. If we fail to meet our loan covenants in the future and our lender does not waive the non-compliance or revise our covenant so that we are in compliance, our lender could accelerate the repayment of borrowings under our credit facility. In the event that our lender accelerates the payment of our borrowings, we may not have sufficient liquidity to repay our debt under our credit facility and other indebtedness. Our amount of debt could adversely affect our operations. At December 31, 2012, our aggregate consolidated debt was approximately $14,267,000. Our Amended and Restated Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, dated October 31, 2011 (“Amended Loan Agreement”) provides for an aggregate commitment of $43,500,000, consisting of a $25,000,000 revolving line of credit, a term loan of $16,000,000, and an equipment line of credit up to $2,500,000. The maximum we can borrow under the revolving part of the Credit Facility is based on a percentage of the amount of our eligible receivables outstanding at any one time. As of December 31, 2012, we had no borrowings under the revolving part of our Credit Facility and borrowing availability of up to an additional $10,146,000 based on our outstanding eligible receivables. A lack of operating results could have material adverse consequences on our ability to operate our business. Our ability to make principal and interest payments, or to refinance indebtedness, will depend on both our and our subsidiaries' future operating performance and cash flow. Prevailing economic conditions, interest rate levels, and financial, competitive, business, and other factors affect us. Many of these factors are beyond our control. Risks Relating to our Common Stock Issuance of substantial amounts of our Common Stock could depress our stock price. Any sales of substantial amounts of our Common Stock in the public market could cause an adverse effect on the market price of our Common Stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of additional equity securities. The issuance of our Common Stock will result in the dilution in the percentage 16 membership interest of our stockholders and the dilution in ownership value. As of December 31, 2012, we had 56,200,315 shares of Common Stock outstanding (which excludes 38,210 treasury shares). In addition, as of December 31, 2012, we had outstanding options to purchase 2,644,000 shares of Common Stock at exercise prices from $1.10 to $2.95 per share. Further, our preferred share rights plan, if triggered, could result in the issuance of a substantial amount of our Common Stock. The existence of this quantity of rights to purchase our Common Stock under the preferred share rights plan could result in a significant dilution in the percentage ownership interest of our stockholders and the dilution in ownership value. Future sales of the shares issuable could also depress the market price of our Common Stock. We do not intend to pay dividends on our Common Stock in the foreseeable future. Since our inception, we have not paid cash dividends on our Common Stock, and we do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Our Credit Facility prohibits us from paying cash dividends on our Common Stock. The price of our Common Stock may fluctuate significantly, which may make it difficult for our stockholders to resell our Common Stock when a stockholder wants or at prices a stockholder finds attractive. The price of our Common Stock on the Nasdaq Capital Markets constantly changes. We expect that the market price of our Common Stock will continue to fluctuate. This may make it difficult for our stockholders to resell the Common Stock when a stockholder wants or at prices a stockholder finds attractive. Future issuance or potential issuance of our Common Stock could adversely affect the price of our Common Stock, our ability to raise funds in new stock offerings, and dilute our shareholders percentage interest in our Common Stock. Future sales of substantial amounts of our Common Stock in the public market, or the perception that such sales could occur, could adversely affect prevailing trading prices of our Common Stock, and impair our ability to raise capital through future offerings of equity. No prediction can be made as to the effect, if any, that future issuances or sales of shares of Common Stock or the availability of shares of Common Stock for future issuance, will have on the trading price of our Common Stock. Such future issuances could also significantly reduce the percentage ownership and dilute the ownership value of our existing common stockholders. Delaware law, certain of our charter provisions, our stock option plans, outstanding warrants and our Preferred Stock may inhibit a change of control under circumstances that could give you an opportunity to realize a premium over prevailing market prices. We are a Delaware corporation governed, in part, by the provisions of Section 203 of the General Corporation Law of Delaware, an anti-takeover law. In general, Section 203 prohibits a Delaware public corporation from engaging in a “business combination” with an “interested stockholder” for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. As a result of Section 203, potential acquirers may be discouraged from attempting to effect acquisition transactions with us, thereby possibly depriving our security holders of certain opportunities to sell, or otherwise dispose of, such securities at above-market prices pursuant to such transactions. Further, certain of our option plans provide for the immediate acceleration of, and removal of restrictions from, options and other awards under such plans upon a “change of control” (as defined in the respective plans). Such provisions may also have the result of discouraging acquisition of us. We have authorized and unissued 16,117,475 (which include outstanding options to purchase 2,644,000 shares of our Common Stock) shares of Common Stock and 2,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock as of December 31, 2012 (which includes 600,000 shares of our Preferred Stock reserved for issuance under our preferred share rights plan). These unissued shares could be used by our management to make it more difficult, and thereby discourage an attempt to acquire control of us. 17 Our Preferred Share Rights Plan may adversely affect our stockholders. In May 2008, we adopted a preferred share rights plan (the “Rights Plan”), designed to ensure that all of our stockholders receive fair and equal treatment in the event of a proposed takeover or abusive tender offer. However, the Rights Plan may also have the effect of deterring, delaying, or preventing a change in control that might otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders. In general, under the terms of the Rights Plan, subject to certain limited exceptions, if a person or group acquires 20% or more of our Common Stock or a tender offer or exchange offer for 20% or more of our Common Stock is announced or commenced, our other stockholders may receive upon exercise of the rights (the “Rights”) issued under the Rights Plan the number of shares our Common Stock or of one-one hundredths of a share of our Series A Junior Participating Preferred Stock, par value $.001 per share, having a value equal to two times the purchase price of the Right. In addition, if we are acquired in a merger or other business combination transaction in which we are not the survivor or more than 50% of our assets or earning power is sold or transferred, then each holder of a Right (other than the acquirer) will thereafter have the right to receive, upon exercise, common stock of the acquiring company having a value equal to two times the purchase price of the Right. The purchase price of each Right is $13, subject to adjustment. The Rights will cause substantial dilution to a person or group that attempts to acquire us on terms not approved by our board of directors. The Rights may be redeemed by us at $0.001 per Right at any time before any person or group acquires 20% or more of our outstanding common stock. The rights should not interfere with any merger or other business combination approved by our board of directors. The Rights expire on May 2, 2018. Our Common Stock may be delisted from the NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (“NASDAQ”) if we do not satisfy continued listing requirements. On December 4, 2012, we were notified by NASDAQ that, based upon the closing bid price of our Common Stock for the last 30 consecutive business days, our Common Stock did not meet the minimum bid price of $1.00 per share required for continued listing on NASDAQ pursuant to NASDAQ Marketplace Rule 5550(a)(2) (the “Minimum Bid Price Rule”). In accordance with NASDAQ Marketplace Rule 5810(c)(3)(A), the Company has a period of 180 calendar days from the date of the notice within which to regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Rule. If at any time before June 3, 2013, the bid price of the Company's Common Stock is at least $1.00 for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days, NASDAQ will provide us with written confirmation that it has achieved compliance with the minimum bid price requirement. If we are unable to demonstrate compliance with the minimum bid price of $1.00 for a minimum of 10 consecutive business days by June 3, 2013 and, except for the bid price requirement, we meet all other initial listing standards for The NASDAQ Capital Market set forth in Marketplace Rule 5505, we may be granted an additional 180-day period to regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Rule provided we provide NASDAQ written notice of our intention to cure the deficiency during the second compliance period. If we do not regain compliance with the Minimum Bid Price Rule prior to June 3, 2013 and are not eligible for the additional compliance period, then NASDAQ will notify us that the Common Stock will be delisted. If our Common Stock is delisted from NASDAQ, in addition to having an adverse effect on the liquidity and share price of our Common Stock, delisting from NASDAQ would also result in negative publicity, limited availability of market quotations for our securities, and could also make it more difficult for us to raise additional capital. Any impact on our ability to raise equity capital could adversely affect our ability to execute our long-term business strategy, including any efforts to use equity capital to reduce our indebtedness or fund our operations. We intend to continue to monitor the bid price of our Common Stock and consider available options, including a reverse stock split, if our Common Stock does not trade at a level likely to result in our coming in compliance with NASDAQ’s minimum bid price requirement. There can be no assurance that we will be able to come into compliance with the minimum bid price requirement. 18 ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS None ITEM 2. PROPERTIES Our principal executive office is in Atlanta, Georgia. Our Operations Headquarters is located in Knoxville, Tennessee. Our Treatment Segment facilities are located in Gainesville, Florida; Kingston, Tennessee; Oak Ridge, Tennessee, and Richland, Washington. Our Services Segment operates subsidiaries located in Ellisville, Missouri; Knoxville, Tennessee; and Blaydon On Tyne, England, of which we lease all of the properties. We have a facility located in Valdosta, Georgia, which is included within our discontinued operations. We also maintain properties in Brownstown, Michigan and Memphis, Tennessee, which are all non-operational and are included within our discontinued operations. Three of our facilities are subject to mortgages as granted to our senior lender (Kingston, Tennessee; Gainesville, Florida; and Richland, Washington). The Company currently leases properties in the following locations: Location Knoxville, TN (SEC) Knoxville, TN (SEC) Blaydon On Tyne, England (Perma-Fix UK Limited) Pittsburgh, PA (SEC) Newport, KY (SEC) Oak Ridge, TN (M&EC) Ellisville, MO (SYA) Atlanta, GA (Corporate) Square Footage 20,850 11,000 1,000 640 1,566 150,000 12,000 7,672 Expiration of Lease May 31, 2018 September 30, 2013 Monthly Monthly Monthly February 28, 2018 May 31, 2016 May 31, 2015 We believe that the above facilities currently provide adequate capacity for our operations and that additional facilities are readily available in the regions in which we operate, which could support and supplement our existing facilities. ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Perma-Fix of Northwest Richland, Inc. (“PFNWR”) PFNWR filed suit (PFNWR vs. Philotechnics, Ltd.) in the U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Tennessee, asserting contract breach and seeking specific performance of the “return-of-waste clause” in the brokerage contract between a prior facility owner (now owned by PFNWR) and Philotechnics, Ltd. (“Philo”), as to certain non-conforming waste Philo delivered for treatment from Philo’s customer, El du Pont de Nemours and Company (“DuPont”), to the PFNWR facility, before PFNWR acquired the facility. Our complaint seeks an order that Philo: (A) specifically perform its obligations under the contract’s “return-of-waste” clause by physically taking custody of and by removing the nonconforming waste, (B) pay PFNWR all additional costs of maintaining and managing the waste, and (C) pay PFNWR the cost to treat and dispose of the nonconforming waste so as to allow PFNWR to compliantly dispose of that waste offsite. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources of the Company – Financing Activities” of the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, for a discussion of an Offset Amount offsetting against the earn-out amount relating to the claims contained in this lawsuit. On March 7, 2013, Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc. (“PFNWR”), a subsidiary of ours, received a Notice of Intent to File Administrative Complaint from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”), alleging PFNWR had improperly stored certain mixed waste. If a settlement is not reached between the Company and EPA in connection with these alleged violations within 120 days of initiating negotiations, the EPA has advised it will initiate an action for civil penalties for these alleged violations. The EPA could seek penalties up to $37,500 per day per violation. The EPA has proposed a consent agreement and final 19 order (“CAFO”) and has proposed a total penalty in the CAFO in the amount of $215,500 to resolve these alleged violations. We are initiating discussion with the EPA to resolve this matter. ITEM 4 MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURE Not Applicable ITEM 4A. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE REGISTRANT The following table sets forth, as of the date hereof, information concerning our executive officers: NAME Dr. Louis F. Centofanti Mr. Ben Naccarato Mr. James A. Blankenhorn Mr. Robert Schreiber, Jr. AGE POSITION 69 Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer 50 Chief Financial Officer, Vice President, and Secretary 48 Chief Operating Officer, Vice President 62 President of Schreiber, Yonley & Associates (“SYA”), a subsidiary of the Company, and Principal Engineer Mr. Christopher P. Leichtweis 53 President of Safety and Ecology Corporation (“SEC”), Senior Vice President Dr. Louis F. Centofanti Dr. Centofanti has served as Board Chairman since joining the Company in February 1991. Dr. Centofanti also served as Company President and Chief Executive Officer (February 1991 to September 1995) and again in March 1996 was elected Company President and Chief Executive Officer. From 1985 until joining the Company, Dr. Centofanti served as Senior Vice President of USPCI, Inc., a large hazardous waste management company, where he was responsible for managing the treatment, reclamation and technical groups within USPCI. In 1981 he founded PPM, Inc. (later sold to USPCI), a hazardous waste management company specializing in treating PCB contaminated oils. From 1978 to 1981, Dr. Centofanti served as Regional Administrator of the U.S. Department of Energy for the southeastern region of the United States. Dr. Centofanti has a Ph.D. and a M.S. in Chemistry from the University of Michigan, and a B.S. in Chemistry from Youngstown State University. Mr. Ben Naccarato Mr. Naccarato has served as the Chief Financial Officer since February 26, 2009. Mr. Naccarato joined the Company in September 2004 and served as Vice President, Finance of the Company’s Industrial Segment until May 2006, when he was named Vice President, Corporate Controller/Treasurer. Prior to joining the Company in September 2004, Mr. Naccarato was the Chief Financial Officer of Culp Petroleum Company, Inc., a privately held company in the fuel distribution and used waste oil industry from December 2002 to September 2004. Mr. Naccarato is a graduate of University of Toronto having received a Bachelor of Commerce and Finance Degree and is a Certified Management Accountant. Mr. James A. Blankenhorn Mr. Blankenhorn was appointed by the Company’s Board of Directors on February 18, 2011 as the Company’s Chief Operating Officer. Mr. Blankenhorn’s employment with the Company became effective on June 1, 2011. Mr. Blankenhorn has 24 years experience in the nuclear industry supporting U. S. Department of Defense programs, and the Department of Energy’s Environmental Management and National Nuclear Security Administration programs. Prior to joining Perma-Fix, Mr. Blankenhorn served as the deputy project manager for the West Valley Environmental Services, LLC, in western New York where he directed a staff of 360 in the deactivation, decommissioning and clean-up of facilities at West Valley. From 2008 to early 2010, Mr. Blankenhorn was program director with Los Alamos National Security, LLC, responsible for the Waste Disposition Project at the Los Alamos National Laboratory where he supervised 440 people and was responsible for improving performance and achieving cost savings while developing a long term strategy for legacy wastes. Mr. Blankenhorn has also served in a variety of senior management positions at URS Corporation, a publicly traded Company which provides engineering, construction, and technical services for public agencies and private sectors. Since 1986, Mr. Blankenhorn has been an officer in the U.S. Army (promoted to Colonel) and Army Reserve serving in leadership positions within the U.S. 20 Army Nuclear, Biological, Chemical and Radiological program. Mr. Blankenhorn holds a Master of Strategic Studies from the U.S. Army War College, a Master of Science degree – Environmental/Hazardous Waste Management from National Technological University, and a Bachelor of Science degree – Chemistry from the Florida Institute of Technology. Mr. Robert Schreiber, Jr. Mr. Schreiber has served as President of SYA since the Company acquired the environmental engineering firm in 1992. Mr. Schreiber co-founded the predecessor of SYA, Lafser & Schreiber in 1985, and held several executive roles in the firm until our acquisition of SYA. From 1978 to 1985, Mr. Schreiber was the Director of Air programs and all environmental programs for the Missouri Department of Natural Resources. Mr. Schreiber provides technical expertise in wide range of areas including the cement industry, environmental regulations and air pollution control. Mr. Schreiber has a B.S. in Chemical Engineering from the University of Missouri – Columbia. Mr. Christopher P. Leichtweis Mr. Leichtweis was appointed Senior Vice President of the Company and President of SEC upon the closing of the acquisition of Safety and Ecology Holdings Corporation (“SEHC”) and its subsidiaries (collectively, “SEC”) by the Company on October 31, 2011. Prior to the acquisition of SEC by the Company, Mr. Leichtweis served as founder, President and CEO of SEC since 1991 and grew the domestic and international operations to more than 530 employees, eight offices, and revenues of approximately $98,000,000 in SEC’s fiscal year 2011. From 2008 to prior the acquisition, he served as President and Director of SEC’s parent (public) company Homeland Security Capital Corporation (now known as Timios National Corporation), growing the parent’s portfolio of three companies by 43% and expanding operations into many new commercial and federal markets. Prior to founding SEC, Mr. Leichtweis served in various engineering and management positions at Bechtel National and Bechtel Environmental, Inc., a global Engineering and Construction Company, starting in 1985, and was a key contributor to the environmental clean-up of major federal nuclear legacy programs. He currently serves on many boards including his undergraduate University’s Foundation Board (State University of New York- Brockport) and is a distinguished graduate from the University of Tennessee. Mr. Leichtweis earned a B.S. degree in Physics from SUNY Brockport in 1983, and received his MBA from the University of Tennessee in December 2003. In addition, he is a Certified Industrial Hygienist by the American Board of Industrial Hygiene. Mr. Leichtweis was nationally recognized as the Southeast United States 2005 Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year award winner. Certain Relationships There are no family relationships between any of our executive officers. PART II ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS Our Common Stock is traded on the NASDAQ Capital Markets (“NASDAQ”) under the symbol “PESI”. The following table sets forth the high and low market trade prices quoted for the Common Stock during the periods shown. The source of such quotations and information is the NASDAQ online trading history reports. 2012 2011 Common Stock 1st Quarter 2nd Quarter 3rd Quarter 4th Quarter Low High Low High $ 1.58 $ 1.90 $ 1.36 $ 1.82 1.57 1.68 1.65 1.28 1.00 1.15 1.68 1.19 1.07 1.06 0.85 0.68 21 As of February 20, 2013, there were approximately 245 stockholders of record of our Common Stock, including brokerage firms and/or clearing houses holding shares of our Common Stock for their clientele (with each brokerage house and/or clearing house being considered as one holder). However, the total number of beneficial stockholders as of February 20, 2013, was approximately 3,674. As discussed under Item 1A. – Risk Factors – “Our Common Stock may be delisted from the NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (“NASDAQ”), if we do not satisfy continued listing requirements,” we are currently not in compliance with the $1.00 minimum closing bid price requirement under Rule 550(a)(2) of the NASDAQ listing rules. See discussion under this “Risk Factor” for additional discussion of this issue relating to listing of our Common Stock in the NASDAQ Stock Market. The Company intends to continue to monitor the bid price of our Common Stock and consider available options, including a reverse stock split, if the Common Stock does not trade at a level likely to result in the Company regaining compliance with NASDAQ’s minimum bid price requirement. There can be no assurance that we will be able to regain compliance with the minimum bid price requirement. Since our inception, we have not paid any cash dividends on our Common Stock and have no dividend policy. Our Amended Loan Agreement prohibits us from paying any cash dividends on our Common Stock without prior approval from the lender. We do not anticipate paying cash dividends on our outstanding Common Stock in the foreseeable future. No sales of unregistered securities occurred during 2012. There were no purchases made by us or on behalf of us or any of our affiliated members of shares of our Common Stock during 2012. We have adopted a preferred share rights plan, which is designed to protect us against certain creeping acquisitions, open market purchases, and certain mergers and other combinations with acquiring companies. See “Item 1A. - Risk Factors – Our Preferred Share Rights Plan” as to further discussion relating to the terms of our preferred share rights plan. Common Stock Price Performance Graph The following Common Stock price performance graph compares the yearly change in the Company’s cumulative total stockholders’ returns on the Common Stock during the years 2008 through 2012, with the cumulative total return of the NASDAQ Market Index and the published industry index prepared by Morningstar and known as Morningstar Waste Management Industry Group (“Industry Index”) assuming the investment of $100 on January 1, 2008. The stockholder returns shown on the graph below are not necessarily indicative of future performance, and we will not make or endorse any predications as to future stockholder returns. 22 Assumes $100 invested in the Company on January 1, 2008, the Industry Index and the NASDAQ Market Index, and the reinvestment of dividends. The above five-year Cumulative Total Return Graph shall not be deemed to be “soliciting material” or to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, nor shall such information be incorporated by reference by any general statement incorporating by reference this Form 10-K into any filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (collectively, the “Acts”) or be subject to the liabilities under Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, except to the extent that the Company specifically incorporates this information by reference, and shall not be deemed to be soliciting material or to be filed under such Acts. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA ITEM 6. The financial data included in this table has been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements, which have been audited by BDO USA, LLP. Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with current year presentations. Amounts are in thousands (except for per share amounts). The information set forth below should be read in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements of the Company and the notes thereto included elsewhere herein. 23 Statement of Operations Data (in thousands): Revenues (Loss) income from continuing operations Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of taxes Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest Net (loss) income attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental 2012 $ 127,509 (6,550) 458  180 2011(1) 118,097 $ 11,572 777 1,509 22 2010 2009 2008 $ 97,790 3,271 (663)   $ 92,393 9,687 (65)   $ 64,553 (818) 406 2,323  Services, Inc. common stockholders (6,272) 13,836 2,608 9,622 1,911 (Loss) income per common share attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. stockholders - basic Continuing operations Discontinued operations Disposal of discontinued operations Net (loss) income per common share (Loss) income per common share attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. stockholders - diluted Continuing operations Discontinued operations Disposal of discontinued operations Net (loss) income per common share Number of shares used in computing (.12) .01  (.11) (.12) .01  (.11) .21 .01 .03 .25 .21 .01 .03 .25 .06 (.01)  .05 .06 (.01)  .05 .18   .18 .18   .18 (.01) .01 .04 .04 (.01) .01 .04 .04 net (loss) income per common share - Basic 56,125 55,295 54,947 54,238 53,803 Number of shares and potential common shares used in computing net (loss) income per common share - Diluted 56,125 55,317 55,030 54,526 53,803 Balance Sheet Data: Working capital (deficit) Total assets Current and long-term debt Total liabilities Preferred stock of subsidiary Stockholders' equity 2012 2011 2010 $ 3,307 141,031 14,196 52,394 1,285 87,352 $ 8,022 165,577 17,716 71,257 1,285 93,035 $ 2,329 125,315 10,656 46,811 1,285 77,219 2009 $ 1,490 126,000 12,381 51,196 1,285 73,519 2008 $ (3,886) 123,690 16,203 60,769 1,285 61,636 (1) Includes financial data of SEC acquired on October 31, 2011 and accounted for using the purchase method of accounting in which the results of operations are reported from the date of acquisition, October 31, 2011. ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Certain statements contained within this “Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” may be deemed “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (collectively, the “Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995”). See “Special Note regarding Forward-Looking Statements” contained in this report. 24 Management's discussion and analysis is based, among other things, upon our audited consolidated financial statements and includes our accounts and the accounts of our wholly-owned subsidiaries, after elimination of all significant intercompany balances and transactions. The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in Item 8 of this report. Review This year was a challenging year for the Company. Federal governmental clients have operated under reduced budgets due to ongoing short term budget Continuing Resolutions (“CR”), and we believe that this has negatively impacted our financial results in both Segments. Revenue increased $9,412,000 or 8.0% from $118,097,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2011 to $127,509,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012. Excluding the revenue of $55,661,000 and $10,156,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and the corresponding period of 2011, respectively, generated from Safety and Ecology Holdings Corporation (“SEHC”) and its subsidiaries (collectively known as Safety and Ecology Corporation or “SEC” which is within our Services Segment) which we acquired on October 31, 2011, remaining revenue as of December 31, 2012, decreased $36,093,000 or 33.4% from the twelve months ended December 31, 2011. Treatment Segment revenue decreased $19,954,000 or 30.3% primarily due to lower waste volume. Services Segment revenue decreased $16,139,000 or 38.3% primarily due to reduced revenue from the CH Plateau Remediation Company (“CHPRC”) subcontract (“CHPRC subcontract”), a cost plus award fee subcontract. This subcontract entails performing a portion of facility operations and waste management activities for the U.S Department of Energy (“DOE”) Hanford, Washington Site. The revenue reduction was the result of a reduction in workforce which occurred during September 30, 2011 under the CHPRC subcontract. Excluding the SEC gross profit of $1,391,000 and negative gross profit of $62,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and the corresponding period of 2011, respectively, remaining gross profit decreased $14,069,000 or 49.4% primarily due to decreased gross profit from our Treatment Segment resulting from lower waste volume and decreased gross profit under the CHPRC subcontract. Excluding the Selling, General, and Administrative (“SG&A”) of SEC, remaining SG&A decreased $1,299,000 or 8.9%. Our working capital at December 31, 2012 was $3,307,000, a decrease of $4,715,000 from a working capital position of $8,022,000 at December 31, 2011. As previously reported, on October 31, 2011 (“Closing Date”), we completed the acquisition of SEHC and its subsidiaries (collectively known as SEC), pursuant to the Stock Purchase Agreement, dated July 15, 2011 (“Purchase Agreement”), between the Company, Homeland Capital Security Corporation (now known as Timios National Corporation - “TNC”) and SEHC (collectively known as the “Parties). We acquired SEC for a total consideration of approximately $16,655,000 determined based on the following discussion: (i) cash consideration of approximately $14,885,000, after certain working capital closing adjustments. This cash consideration was reduced by approximately $1,000,000 total consideration for our Common Stock purchased from us by certain security holders of TNC (see “Related Party Transactions – Christopher Leichtweis” in this “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for further detail of this Common Stock purchase by certain security holders of TNC, including Mr. Leichtweis, who is a senior vice president and President of SEC of the Company); (ii) $2,500,000 unsecured, non-negotiable promissory note (the “October Note”), bearing an annual rate of interest of 6%, payable in 36 monthly installments, which October Note provides that we have the right to prepay such at any time without interest or penalty. We prepaid $500,000 of the principal amount of the October Note within 10 days of closing of the acquisition. Subject to certain limitations, the October Note may be subject to offset of amounts TNC owes us for indemnification for breach of, or failure to perform, certain terms and provisions of the Purchase Agreement under certain terms and conditions (see below discussion regarding cancellation of this 25 note as result of settlement of certain indemnification claims that the Company made after the acquisition); and (iii) the sum of $2,000,000 deposited in an escrow account to satisfy any claims that we may have against TNC for indemnification pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and the Escrow Agreement, dated October 31, 2011 (“Escrow Agreement”). TNC and SEHC further agreed that if certain conditions were not met by December 31, 2011, relating to a certain contract, then the Company could withdraw $1,500,000 from the amount deposited into the escrow. On January 10, 2012, we received $1,500,000 from the escrow as certain conditions were not met under this certain contract as of December 31, 2011, leaving a balance of $500,000 in the escrow account (“Escrow Balance”). (See below for discussion as to the release of this remaining $500,000 escrow balance to TNC). Subsequent to the Closing Date, in addition to the above described $1,500,000 claim, we made additional claims against TNC for indemnification pursuant to the indemnification provisions of the Purchase Agreement, asserting breach of certain representations, warranties and covenants of TNC and SEHC (the “Disputed Claims”). On February 12, 2013, the Parties entered into a Settlement and Release Agreement (“Settlement Agreement”) to resolve (collectively, the “Subject Claims”): (a) the Disputed Claims, and (b) any other claim arising under the Purchase Agreement with respect to a breach of (i) the representations and warranties of the Parties contained in the Purchase Agreement, and (ii) certain covenants contained in the Purchase Agreement. Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, the Parties agreed as follows: • the October Note (with an unpaid principal balance of approximately $1,460,000), was cancelled, terminated and rendered null and void; • we issued to TNC a new, two-year, non-negotiable, unsecured promissory note in the principal amount of approximately $230,000 (the “New Note”) (see – “Liquidity and Capital Resources – Financing Activities” for further detail of this New Note); • • • the Escrow Balance of $500,000 was released to TNC; the Parties terminated all of their rights and obligations to indemnification under the Purchase Agreement, except with respect to TNC’s covenants relating to non-complete, non-solicitation of customers and employees, confidentiality, and related remedies which will continue in full force and effect in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement (the “Continuing Covenants”); the Parties terminated their rights and obligations with respect to (i) the representations, warranties, and covenants contained in the Purchase Agreement, except for the Continuing Covenants; and • we terminated our contractual right to offset amounts owing to TNC under the Purchase Agreement to satisfy claims against TNC. In connection with the resolution of the Disputed Claims, we also entered into a Settlement and Release Agreement and Amendment to Employment Agreement (“Leichtweis Settlement”) with Christopher Leichtweis, our Senior Vice President (see “Related Party Transactions – Christopher Leichtweis” for a discussion of the Leichtweis Settlement). Outlook We believe demand for our services will be subject to fluctuations due to a variety of factors beyond our control, including the current economic conditions that drive both commercial and government clients to reduce spending. In addition, federal governmental clients have operated under reduced budgets due to ongoing short term budget CR and we believe that this has negatively impacted the amount of waste shipped to our treatment facilities as well as jobs available in our Services Segment. We believe that the uncertainty with the federal budget and the availability of funding will continue to impact our Segments until a final budget or year long CR is approved by Congress. Our operations depend, in large part, upon governmental funding, particularly funding levels at the DOE. In addition, our governmental contracts and subcontracts relating to activities at governmental sites are generally subject to termination or renegotiation on 30 days notice at the government’s option. Significant reductions in the level of governmental funding due to federal spending reductions from uncertain budgets resulting from temporary continuing resolutions could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. 26 Results of Operations The reporting of financial results and pertinent discussions are tailored to two reportable segments: The Treatment Segment (“Treatment”) and the Services Segment (“Services”): Below are the results of continuing operations for our years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 (amounts in thousands): (Consolidated) Net revenues Cost of goods sold Gross Profit Selling, general and administrative Research and development Loss (gain) on disposal of property and equipment (Loss) income from operations Interest income Interest expense Interest expense – financing fees Loss on extinguishment of debt Other (Loss) income from continuing operations before taxes Income tax expense (benefit) (Loss) income from continuing operations $ 2012 127,509 111,705 15,804 18,390 1,823 15 (4,424) 41 (818) (107)  8 (5,300) 1,250 $ (6,550) % 100.0 87.6 12.4 14.4 1.4  (3.4)  (.6) (.1)   (4.1) 1.0 (5.1) Summary - Years Ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 $ 2011 118,097 89,677 28,420 15,564 1,502 (15) 11,369 58 (657) (207) (91) 5 10,477 (1,095) % 100.0 75.9 24.1 13.2 1.3 $ 2010 97,790 77,175 20,615 13,361 921 % 100.0 78.9 21.1 13.7 .9  9.6 .1 (.6) (.2) (.1)  8.8 (1.0) 138 6,195 65 (755) (412)  24 5,117 1,846 .2 6.3 .1 (.8) (.4)   5.2 1.9 3.3 $ 11,572 9.8 $ 3,271 Net Revenue Consolidated revenues from continuing operations increased $9,412,000 for the year ended December 31, 2012, compared to the year ended December 31, 2011, as follows: (In thousands) Treatment Government waste Hazardous/non-hazardous Other nuclear waste Total Services Nuclear Technical Acquisition 10/31/11 (SEC) (1) Total Total 2012 % Revenue % 2011 Revenue Change % Change $ 30,501 3,230 12,151 45,882 23,462 2,504 55,661 81,627 23.9 2.5 9.5 36.0 18.4 2.0 43.6 64.0 $ 50,155 3,484 12,197 65,836 39,637 2,468 10,156 52,261 42.4 3.0 10.3 55.7 33.6 2.1 8.6 44.3 $ (19,654) (254) (46) (19,954) (16,175) 36 45,505 29,366 (39.2) (7.3) (0.4) (30.3) (40.8) 1.5 448.1 56.2 $ 127,509 100.0 $ 118,097 100.0 $ 9,412 8.0 (1) Includes approximately $47,570,000 and $9,868,000 relating to services generated by the federal government, either directly (as prime contractor) or indirectly as a subcontractor to the federal government, for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and the corresponding period of 2011, respetively. Net Revenue The Treatment Segment revenue decreased $19,954,000 or 30.3% for the twelve months ended December 27 31, 2012 over the same period in 2011. Revenue from government generators decreased $19,654,000 or 39.2% primarily due to lower waste volume. Revenue from hazardous and non-hazardous waste decreased $254,000 or 7.3% primarily due to lower waste volume. Services Segment revenue increased $29,366,000 or 56.2% in the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 from the corresponding period of 2011 primarily due to revenues of $55,661,000 generated by SEC which was acquired on October 31, 2011. Revenue from SEC for the two months ended December 31, 2011 was $10,156,000. Excluding the revenue of SEC, remaining Services Segment revenue decreased $16,139,000, or 38.3%, primarily due to reduced revenue in the nuclear services area. This decrease was primarily from the CH Plateau Remediation Company subcontract which is a cost plus award fee subcontract. The reduction in revenue of $16,175,000 or 40.8% under this subcontract from $39,637,000 for the twelve month ended December 31, 2011 to $23,462,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012, was primarily the result of a reduction in workforce which occurred in September 2011 under this subcontract. The remaining revenue increase of $36,000 within the Services Segment resulted primarily from higher vendor pass-through in our our technical services area. Cost of Goods Sold Cost of goods sold increased $22,028,000 for the year ended December 31, 2012, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2011, as follows: (In thousands) Treatment Services Services (Acquisition 10/31/11-SEC) Total 2012 $ 36,614 20,821 54,270 $ 111,705 % Revenue 79.8 80.2 97.5 87.6 2011 $ 44,537 34,922 10,218 $ 89,677 % Revenue 67.6 82.9 100.6 75.9 Change (7,923) (14,101) 44,052 22,028 $ Cost of goods sold for the Treatment Segment decreased $7,923,000 or 17.8% primarily due to reduced revenue, revenue mix and reduction in certain fixed costs. Costs were lower throughout most categories within costs of goods sold. Salaries and payroll related expenses continue to decrease as we continue to manage headcount to streamline our operations; however, healthcare costs increased despite the reduction in headcount. We also saw significant reduction in incentive/bonus due to reduced profitability. Cost of goods sold for our Services Segment included cost of goods sold of $54,270,000 and $10,218,000 for SEC which we acquired on October 31, 2011. Excluding SEC, the remaining Services Segment cost of goods sold decreased $14,101,000 or 40.4%, which included the cost of goods sold of approximately $18,814,000 related to the CHPRC subcontract. Cost of goods sold for the CHPRC subcontract was approximately $32,784,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2011. The decrease in cost of goods sold for the CHPRC subcontract of $13,970,000 or 42.6% was consistent with the decrease in revenue for the CHPRC subcontract. The remaining decrease in Services Segment cost of goods sold of $131,000 or 6.1% was primarily due to lower salaries and payroll related expenses resulting from reduced headcount in our engineering group (technical service area). The reduced cost was partially offset by higher material and supplies costs. Included within cost of goods sold is depreciation and amortization expense of $5,146,000 and $4,640,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012, and 2011, respectively. The increase in depreciation and amortization expense in 2012 was attributed primarily to amortization of intangible assets acquired from the SEC acquisition. Gross Profit (Negative Gross Profit) Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2012, was $12,616,000 lower than 2011, as follows: (In thousands) Treatment Services Services (Acquisition 10/31/11-SEC) Total 2012 $ 9,268 5,145 1,391 $ 15,804 % Revenue 20.2 19.8 2.5 12.4 2011 $ 21,299 7,183 (62) $ 28,420 % Revenue 32.4 17.1 (0.6) 24.1 Change (12,031) (2,038) $ 1,453 (12,616) $ 28 The Treatment Segment gross profit decreased $12,031,000 or 56.5% due to decreased revenue and gross margin decreased to 20.2% from 32.4% due to lower revenue from lower waste volume and the impact of fixed costs. Our Services Segment gross profit for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and the corresponding period of 2011 included gross profit of $1,391,000 and gross loss of $62,000, respectively for SEC which was acquired on October 31, 2011. Excluding the gross profit of SEC, the Services Segment gross profit decreased $2,038,000 or 28.4% primarily due to gross profit decrease of $2,205,000 or 32.2% under the CHPRC subcontract. The gross profit decrease under the CHPRC subcontract to $4,648,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 from $6,853,000 for the corresponding period of 2011 was reflective of the revenue decrease under this subcontract. The gross margin of 19.8% and 17.3% for the same period, respectively, was in accordance with the contract fee provisions. The remaining Services Segment gross profit increase of $167,000 or 50.6% was primarily due to lower salaries and payroll related expenses from lower headcount in our engineering group within the Segment. Selling, General and Administrative Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses increased $2,826,000 for the year ended December 31, 2012, as compared to the corresponding period for 2011, as follows: (In thousands) Administrative Treatment Services Services (Acquisition 10/31/11-SEC) Total 2012 $ 6,536 4,051 2,634 5,169 18,390 $ % Revenue  8.8 10.1 9.3 14.4 2011 $ 6,832 4,933 2,755 1,044 15,564 $ % Revenue  7.5 6.5 10.3 13.2 Change $ (296) (882) (121) 4,125 2,826 $ The decrease in administrative SG&A was primarily the result of significantly lower incentive/bonus ($520,000) due to reduced profitability, lower legal and consulting expenses ($353,000) as higher costs were incurred in 2011 in connection with the acquisition of SEC, and lower general costs. This lower cost was offset by higher salaries and payroll related expenses and healthcare costs (increase of approximately $496,000) due to additional headcount resulting from centralization of accounting functions from the SEC operations to the corporate office as part of the Company’s consolidation process related to the acquisition. The increase in headcount at the corporate office was offset by headcount reduction at our SEC operations in our Services Segment. In addition, we wrote off approximately $117,000 in costs related to our shelf registration statement on Form S-3 which expired on June 26, 2012. The Company did not sell any shares of our Common Stock from the registration statement. Treatment SG&A was lower primarily due to lower commission/incentive expense, lower bad debt expense, and lower general expenses. The lower cost was partially offset by higher health claim costs. The decrease in Services SG&A (excluding SG&A of SEC which we acquired October 31, 2011) was primarily due to lower bonus/incentive expense, lower general expenses, and lower bad debt expenses. This lower cost was partially offset by higher salaries and payroll related expenses resulting from the shift of certain employees under the CHPRC subcontract from billable costs (cost of goods sold) to overhead costs based on contract terms. We also saw higher health claims costs. Included in SG&A expenses is depreciation and amortization expense of $305,000 and $176,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Research and Development Research and development costs increased $321,000 for the year ended December 31, 2012, as compared to the corresponding period of 2011. Research and development costs consist primarily of employee salaries and benefits, laboratory costs, third party fees, and other related costs associated with the development and enhancement of new potential waste treatment processes. The increase was primarily due to increased lab and payroll costs from more research and development projects. Included in research and development expense is depreciation expense of $19,000 and $0 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respecitvely. 29  Interest Expense Interest expense increased $161,000 for the year ended December 31, 2012, as compared to the corresponding period of 2011. (In thousands) PNC interest Other Total 2012 $ 2011 $ 616 202 818 Change % 404 253 657 $ 212 (51) 161 52.5 (20.2) 24.5 $ $ $ The increase for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012, as compared to the corresponding period of 2011 was primarily due to higher interest from a higher Term Loan balance resulting from our Amended and Restated Revolving Credit Term Loan and Security Agreement (“Amended Loan Agreement”) that we entered into with PNC on October 31, 2011. In addition, we incurred higher interest resulting from the $2,500,000 note we entered into with TNC resulting from the acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011. The higher interest expense was partially offset by lower interest on our revolver resulting from lower average balance and lower interest expense resulting from the payoff of the shareholder note in June 2011 in connection with the acquisition of PFNWR. Interest Expense- Financing Fees Interest expense-financing fees decreased approximately $100,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012, as compared to the corresponding period of 2011. The decrease was primarily due to debt discount which became fully amortized as financing fees in April 2012 in connection with the issuance of 200,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock and two Warrants to purchase up to 150,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock as consideration for the Company receiving a $3,000,000 loan dated May 8, 2009 from William Lampson and Diehl Rettig. This decrease in interest expense-financing fees was partially offset by higher financing fees resulting from the Amended Loan Agreement as mentioned above. Income Tax Expense We had an income tax expense of $1,250,000 and income tax benefit of $1,095,000 for continuing operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and the corresponding period of 2011, respectively. The Company’s effective tax rates were approximately negative 23.6% and negative 10.5% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Included in our tax expense in 2012 is a charge of approximately $1,949,000 related to an uncertain tax position (see “Critical Accounting Estimates – Income Taxes” for further discussion of this uncertain tax position). Also, our income tax expense included a charge of approximately $1,375,000 attributed to the write-off of deferred tax assets that, based upon new information obtained by management, would not be realizable by the Company. We estimate our tax liability based on our estimated annual effective tax rate, which is based on our expected annual income, statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available in the various jurisdictions in which we operate. Summary - Years Ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 Net Revenue Consolidated revenues from continuing operations increased $20,307,000 for the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to the year ended December 31, 2010, as follows: 30 (In thousands) Treatment Government waste Hazardous/non-hazardous Other nuclear waste Total Services Nuclear Technical Acquisition 10/31/11 (SEC) (1) Total Total 2011 % Revenue 2010 % Revenue $ 50,155 3,484 12,197 65,836 39,637 2,468 10,156 52,261 42.5 3.0 10.3 55.7 33.6 2.1 8.6 44.3 $ 38,306 3,473 11,584 53,363 41,969 2,458  44,427 39.2 3.6 11.8 54.6 42.9 2.5  45.4 Change $ 11,849 11 613 12,473 % Change 30.9 0.3 5.3 23.4 (2,332) 10 10,156 7,834 (5.6) 0.4 100.0 17.6 $ 118,097 100.0 $ 97,790 100.0 $ 20,307 20.8 (1) Includes approximately $9,868,000 relating to services generated by the federal government, either directly (as prime contractor) or indirectly as a subcontractor to the federal government. The Treatment Segment realized revenue growth of $12,473,000 or 23.4% for the twelve months ended December 31, 2011 over the same period in 2010. Revenue from government generators increased by a total of $11,849,000 or 30.9% primarily due to higher waste volume, which was partially offset by lower averaged priced waste. In the prior year, we generated revenue from the receipt and processing/disposal of higher activity waste streams received in late 2009 and 2010. Revenue from hazardous and non-hazardous waste was up slightly by $11,000 or 0.3% primarily due to increased field service work, which was partially offset by lower waste volume. Other nuclear waste revenue increased approximately $613,000 or 5.3% primarily due to increased waste volume which was partially reduced by lower average priced waste. Services revenue increased $7,834,000 or 17.6% from 2010 to 2011. Total revenue within this segment included $10,156,000 of revenue from SEC, which was acquired on October 31, 2011. Excluding the revenue of SEC, revenue from the remaining Services Segment decreased $2,322,000 or 5.2% primarily due the reduction in revenue of $2,332,000 or 5.6% under the CHPRC subcontract, a cost plus award fee subcontract, in our nuclear services area. The reduction in revenue under this subcontract was primarily due to reduced headcount resulting from a reduction in workforce which occurred in September 2011 under this subcontract. The remaining revenue increase of $10,000 within the Services Segment resulted from higher average billing rate which was mostly offset by decreased billable hours in our technical services area. Cost of Goods Sold Cost of goods sold increased $12,502,000 for the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2010, as follows: (In thousands) Treatment Services Services (Acquisition 10/31/11-SEC) Total 2011 44,537 $ 34,922 10,218 $ 89,677 % Revenue 67.6 82.9 100.6 75.9 2010 40,630 $ 36,545  $ 77,175 % Revenue 76.1 82.3 78.9 Change 3,907 $ (1,623)  10,218 $ 12,502 Cost of goods sold for the Treatment Segment increased $3,907,000 or 9.6% primarily due to increased revenue from increased waste volume. We saw increases in material and supplies, disposal costs, and transportation costs, which were reflective of the higher waste volume. We also recognized higher incentive expense resulting from higher revenue and operating income. Salaries, healthcare costs, and payroll related expenses were down resulting from reduction in workforce which occurred in April 2011 in our Diversified and Scientific Services, Inc. (“DSSI”) and East Tennessee Material & Energy Corporation (“M&EC”) 31 operations but were partially reduced by the $154,000 in severance expense incurred from the reduction in workforce. Excluding the cost of goods sold of SEC (which is under our Services Segment), the Services Segment cost of goods sold decreased $1,623,000 or 4.4%, which included the cost of goods sold of approximately $32,784,000 related to the CHPRC subcontract. Cost of goods sold for the CHPRC subcontract was approximately $34,294,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2010. The decrease in cost of goods sold for the CHPRC subcontract of $1,510,000 or 4.4% was consistent with the decrease in revenue for the CHPRC subcontract. The remaining decrease in Services Segment cost of goods sold of $113,000 or 5.0% was primarily due to lower salaries, lower payroll related expenses and lower healthcare costs from lower headcount resulting from the reduction in workforce which occurred during March 2011 in our Schreiber, Yonley & Associates (“SYA”) operations. Included within cost of goods sold is depreciation and amortization expense of $4,640,000 and $4,438,000 for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively. (Negative Gross Profit) Gross Profit Gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2011, was $7,805,000 higher than 2010, as follows: (In thousands) Treatment Services Services (Acquisition 10/31/11-SEC) Total 2011 21,299 $ 7,183 (62) $ 28,420 % Revenue 32.4 17.1 (0.6) 24.1 2010 12,733 $ 7,882  $ 20,615 % Revenue 23.9 17.7 21.1 Change 8,566 $ (699)  (62) $ 7,805 The Treatment Segment gross profit increased $8,566,000 or 67.3% and gross margin increased to 32.4% from 23.9% from higher waste volume, revenue mix and the reduction in salaries and payroll related costs resulting from the reduction in workforce which occurred in April 2011. Excluding the gross profit of SEC (which is under our Services Segment), the Services Segment gross profit decreased $699,000 or 8.9% primarily due to gross profit decrease of $822,000 or 10.7% for the CHPRC subcontract. Gross profit for the CHPRC subcontract decreased $822,000 to $6,853,000 from $7,675,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively, which was reflective of the of the revenue decrease under this subcontract. The gross margin of 17.3% and 18.3% for the same period, respectively, was in accordance with the contract fee provisions. The remaining Services Segment gross profit increase of $123,000 or 59.4% and gross margin increase of 5.0% were primarily due to lower salaries and payroll related expenses from lower headcount resulting from the reduction in workforce which occurred during March 2011. Selling, General and Administrative Selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses increased $2,203,000 for the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the corresponding period for 2010, as follows: (In thousands) Administrative Treatment Services Services (Acquisition 10/31/11-SEC) Total 2011 $ 6,832 4,933 2,755 1,044 15,564 $ % Revenue  7.5 6.5 10.3 13.2 2010 $ 6,106 4,654 2,601  13,361 $ % Revenue  8.7 5.9  13.7 Change $ 726 279 154 1,044 2,203 $ Excluding the SG&A of SEC of $1,044,000, the increase in administrative SG&A was primarily the result of higher incentive costs resulting from the Company’s improved operating results, higher salary and payroll related expenses, and higher legal expense (legal costs incurred 2011 totaled approximately $593,000) incurred for the acquisition of SEC. The increase was partially offset by lower general and healthcare expenses. Treatment SG&A was higher primarily due to higher incentive expense resulting from higher revenue and operating income. The increase was partially offset by lower bad debt expense, lower outside service expense from fewer business/consulting matters, and lower healthcare and general costs. 32 The increase in Services SG&A was primarily due to higher bad debt expense and higher non-reimbursable costs incurred related to the reduction in workforce under the CHPRC subcontract. Included in SG&A expenses is depreciation and amortization expense of 176,000 and $92,000 for the years ended December 31, 2011, and 2010, respectively. Research and Development Research and development costs increased $581,000 for the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the corresponding period of 2010. The increase was primarily due to increased payroll and lab costs from more research and development projects. Interest Income Interest income decreased approximately $7,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the corresponding period of 2010, respectively. The decrease was primarily the result of lower interest earned on the finite risk sinking fund due to lower interest rates, partially offset by interest income earned from cash in our money market account. Interest Expense Interest expense decreased $98,000 for the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the corresponding period of 2010. (In thousands) PNC interest Other Total 2011 $ 2010 $ Change $ 404 253 657 428 327 755 $ $ $ (24) (74) (98) % (5.6) (22.6) (13.0) The decrease in interest expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the corresponding period in 2010 was primarily due to payoff of our Revolving Credit line and principal payoff of the Term Loan under our original Loan Agreement with PNC. In addition, interest was lower resulting from the final principal installment payment in June 2011 of the shareholder note in connection with the acquisition of Perma-Fix of Northwest, Inc. (“PFNW”) and its wholly owned subsidiary, PFNWR, and reduced loan balance from continuing reductions to the principal on the promissory note dated May 8, 2009 entered into with Mr. William Lampson and Mr. Diehl Rettig (which was modified on April 18, 2011). The reduction in interest expense mentioned above was partially offset by higher interest expense from a $1,322,000 promissory note entered into in September 2010 in connection with an earn-out amount we are required to pay from the acquisition of PFNW and PFNWR, higher Term Loan balance from the Amended Loan Agreement we entered into on October 31, 2011 resulting from the acquisition of SEC and the $2,500,000 promissory note we entered into with TNC resulting from the acquisition of SEC. Interest Expense - Financing Fees Interest expense-financing fees decreased approximately $205,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the corresponding period of 2010. The decrease was primarily due to the debt discount which became fully amortized as financing fees on May 8, 2011 in connection with the issuance of 200,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock and two Warrants for purchase up to 150,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock as consideration for the Company receiving a $3,000,000 loan dated May 8, 2009. This decrease in interest expense-financing fees was partially offset by additional debt discount amortized related to the extension of the two Warrants as consideration for extending the due date of the loan from May 8, 2011 to April 8, 2012. Loss on Extinguishment of Debt The $91,000 recorded was the result of the termination of our original Loan Agreement with PNC. On October 31, 2011, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement (“Amended Loan Agreement”) with PNC as a result of the acquisition of SEC. 33 Income Taxes- Valuation Allowance We had a tax benefit of $1,095,000 for 2011 as compared to a tax expense of $1,846,000 for 2010. Our effective tax rate was a negative 10.5% in 2011, as compared to 36.1% for 2010. The tax benefit for 2011 was primarily the result of the partial release of our valuation allowance. For 2011 and 2010, we released $4,687,000 and $312,000 of valuation allowance, respectively. Discontinued Operations and Divestitures Our discontinued operations consist of our Perma-Fix of South Georgia, Inc. (“PFSG”) facility which met the held for sale criteria under ASC 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment” on October 6, 2010. Our discontinued operations also encompass our Perma-Fix of Fort Lauderdale, Inc. (“PFFL”), Perma-Fix of Orlando, Inc. (“PFO”), Perma-Fix of Maryland, Inc. (“PFMD”), Perma-Fix of Dayton, Inc. (“PFD”), and Perma-Fix Treatment Services, Inc. (“PFTS”) facilities, which were divested on August 12, 2011, October 14, 2011, January 8, 2008, March 14, 2008, and May 30, 2008, respectively. Our discontinued operations also includes two previously closed locations, Perma-Fix of Michigan, Inc. (“PFMI”) and Perma-Fix of Memphis, Inc. (“PFM”), which were approved as discontinued operations by our Board of Directors effective October 4, 2004, and March 12, 1998, respectively. We continue to market our PFSG facility for sale. As required by ASC 360, based on our internal financial valuations, we concluded that no tangible asset impairments existed for PFSG as of December 31, 2012. No intangible asset exists at PFSG. Our discontinued operations generated revenues of $2,204,000, $6,931,000, and $9,248,000, for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, and had net income of $458,000, net income of $2,286,000 and net loss of $663,000 for years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. Our net income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2011 included a total gain on the sale of our discontinued operations of $1,509,000 (gain of $1,707,000 for PFFL and loss of $198,000 for PFO, which are all net of taxes) for PFFL and PFO. Assets related to discontinued operations total $2,113,000 and $2,343,000 as of December 31, 2012, and 2011, respectively, and liabilities related to discontinued operations total $3,341,000 and $3,972,000 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. Liquidity and Capital Resources Our capital requirements consist of general working capital needs, scheduled principal payments on our debt obligations and capital leases, remediation projects and planned capital expenditures. Our capital resources consist primarily of cash generated from operations, funds available under our revolving credit facility and proceeds from issuance of our Common Stock. Our capital resources are impacted by changes in accounts receivable as a result of revenue fluctuation, economic trends, collection activities, and the profitability of the segments. At December 31, 2012, we had cash of $4,368,000. The following table reflects the cash flow activities during the twelve months of 2012: (In thousands) Cash used in operating activities of continuing operations Cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations Cash used in investing activities of continuing operations Cash used in investing activities of discontinued operations Cash used in financing activities of continuing operations Principal repayment of long-term debt for discontinued operations Decrease in cash $ 2012 (2,487) (922) (709) (2) (3,532) (35) (7,687) $ As of December 31, 2012, we were in a positive cash position. We attempt to move all excess cash into a Money Market Sweep account in order to maximize the interest earned. When we are in a net borrowing 34 position, we attempt to move all excess cash balances immediately to the revolving credit facility, so as to reduce debt and interest expense. We utilize a centralized cash management system, which includes a remittance lock box and is structured to accelerate collection activities and reduce cash balances, as idle cash is moved without delay to the revolving credit facility or the Money Market account, if applicable. The cash balance at December 31, 2012, primarily represents cash provided by operations (including cash balance of the non-controlling interest which is not subject to our borrowing availability) and minor petty cash and local account balances used for miscellaneous services and supplies. Operating Activities Cash totaled $4,368,000 at December 31, 2012, a decrease of $7,687,000 from the December 31, 2011 balance of $12,055,000. Our cash at December 31, 2011 was relatively high due to a number of waste shipments received, invoiced and collected prior to year end. A large amount of this waste was not processed and was therefore carried as unearned revenue at year end 2011. Conversely, waste shipments were slow in 2012, while we processed our backlog of waste, generating revenue but utilizing cash flow for processing expenses. Cash balance will continue to fluctuate depending on the timing of waste shipments, the contractual timing of invoicing these shipments and the time it takes to collect on these invoices. Accounts Receivable, net of allowances for doubtful accounts, totaled $11,395,000 at December 31, 2012, a decrease of $5,453,000 from the December 31, 2011 balance of $16,848,000. The decrease was primarily due to reduction in invoicing resulting from decreased revenue and increased cash collection. As of December 31, 2012, unbilled receivables totaled $8,667,000, a decrease of $1,389,000 from the December 31, 2011 balance of $10,056,000. Treatment unbilled receivables decreased $2,395,000 from $7,542,000 as of December 31, 2011 to $5,147,000 as of December 31, 2012. Services Segment unbilled receivables (which are all current) increased $1,006,000 from a balance of $2,514,000 as of December 31, 2011 to $3,520,000 as of December 31, 2012. The delays in processing invoices usually take several months to complete and the related receivables are normally considered collectible within twelve months. However, as we have historical data in our Treatment Segment to review the timing of these delays, we realize that certain issues, including, but not limited to delays at our third party disposal site, can extend collection of some of these receivables greater than twelve months. Therefore, we have segregated the unbilled receivables between current and long term. The current portion of the unbilled receivables as of December 31, 2012 was $8,530,000, a decrease of $1,102,000 from the balance of $9,632,000 as of December 31, 2011. The long term portion as of December 31, 2012 was $137,000, a decrease of $287,000 from the balance of $424,000 as of December 31, 2011. As of December 31, 2012, total consolidated accounts payable was $8,657,000, a decrease of $4,656,000 from the December 31, 2011 balance of $13,313,000. The decrease was primarily due to payment of our vendor invoices from cash collected. We continue to manage payment terms with our vendors to maximize our cash position throughout both segments. Accrued expenses as of December 31, 2012, totaled $6,254,000, a decrease of $3,180,000 over the December 31, 2011 balance of $9,434,000. Accrued expenses are made up of accrued compensation, interest payable, insurance payable, certain tax accruals, and other miscellaneous accruals. The decrease was primarily the payment of fiscal year end 2011 bonus/incentives. Miminum bonus/incentive was accrued for in 2012 due to reduced profitability. In addition, monthly payments for the Company’s general insurance policies and our closure policy for our treatment operations attributed to the decrease in accrued expenses. Our working capital was $3,307,000 (which included working capital of our discontinued operations) as of December 31, 2012, as compared to a working capital of $8,022,000 as of December 31, 2011. Our working capital was negatively impacted by the reduction in our cash used to pay our final two payments of our closure policies into the sinking fund (which is a long term asset), payments of our long term debt, and the net reduction in accounts receivable over account payables. Our working capital was positively impacted by the reduction of our unearned revenue. Investing Activities 35 During 2012, our purchases of capital equipment totaled approximately $412,000. These expenditures were for improvements to operations within both Segments. These capital expenditures were funded by the cash provided by operating activities. We have budgeted approximately $2,500,000 for 2013 capital expenditures for our segments to expand our operations into new markets, reduce the cost of waste processing and handling, expand the range of wastes that can be accepted for treatment and processing, and to maintain permit compliance requirements. Certain of these budgeted projects are discretionary and may either be delayed until later in the year or deferred altogether. We have traditionally incurred actual capital spending totals for a given year less than the initial budget amount. The initiation and timing of projects are also determined by financing alternatives or funds available for such capital projects. The Company has a 25-year finite risk insurance policy entered into in June 2003 with Chartis, a subsidiary of American International Group, Inc. (“AIG”), which provides financial assurance to the applicable states for our permitted facilities in the event of unforeseen closure. Prior to obtaining or renewing operating permits, we are required to provide financial assurance that guarantees to the states that in the event of closure, our permitted facilities will be closed in accordance with the regulations. The policy, as amended, provides for a maximum allowable coverage of $39,000,000 and has available capacity to allow for annual inflation and other performance and surety bond requirements. We have made all of the required payments for this finite risk insurance policy, as amended, of which the last two payments ($1,073,000 and $1,054,000) were made in the first quarter of 2012. Fourteen payments totaling $18,305,000 have been made for this policy of which $14,472,000 has been deposited into a sinking fund account which represents a restricted cash account; $2,883,000 represented full/terrorism premium; and $950,000 represented fee payable to Chartis. As of December 31, 2012, our financial assurance coverage amount under this policy totaled approximately $37,524,000. We have recorded $15,382,000 in our sinking fund related to the policy noted above in other long term assets on the accompanying balance sheets, which includes interest earned of $911,000 on the sinking fund as of December 31, 2012. Interest income for twelve months ended December 31, 2012, was approximately $30,000. On the fourth and subsequent anniversaries of the contract inception, we may elect to terminate this contract. If we so elect, Chartis is obligated to pay us an amount equal to 100% of the sinking fund account balance in return for complete releases of liability from both us and any applicable regulatory agency using this policy as an instrument to comply with financial assurance requirements. In August 2007, we entered into a second finite risk insurance policy for our PFNWR facility with Chartis. The policy provided an initial $7,800,000 of financial assurance coverage with an annual growth rate of 1.5%, which at the end of the four year term policy, provides maximum coverage of $8,200,000. We have made all of the required payments on this policy, totaling $7,158,000, of which $5,700,000 has been deposited into a sinking fund account and $1,458,000 represented premium. As of December 31, 2012, we have recorded $5,890,000 in our sinking fund related to this policy in other long term assets on the accompanying balance sheets, which includes interest earned of $190,000 on the sinking fund as of December 31, 2012. Interest income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 totaled approximately $9,000. This policy is renewed annually at the end of the four year term with a nominal fee for the variance between the policy and coverage requirement. We renewed this policy in 2011 and 2012 with an annual fee of $46,000. All other terms of the policy remain substantially unchanged. Financing Activities On October 31, 2011, in connection with the acquisition of SEC, we entered into an Amended and Restated Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, dated October 31, 2011 (“Amended Loan Agreement”), with PNC Bank, National Association (“PNC”), acting as agent and lender, replacing our previous Loan Agreement with PNC. The Amended Loan Agreement provides us with the following credit facilities: • up to $25,000,000 revolving credit facility (“Revolving Credit”), subject to the amount of borrowings based on a percentage of eligible receivables. The revolving credit advances are subject to limitations of an amount up to the sum of (a) up to 85% of Commercial Receivables aged 90 days or less from invoice date, (b) up to 85% of Commercial Broker Receivables aged up to 120 days from invoice date, (c) up to 85% of acceptable Government Agency Receivables aged up to 150 36 days from invoice date, and (d) up to 50% of acceptable unbilled amounts aged up to 60 days, less (e) reserves the Agent reasonably deems proper and necessary; a term loan (“Term Loan”) of $16,000,000, which requires monthly installments of approximately $190,000 (based on a seven-year amortization); and equipment line of credit up to $2,500,000, subject to certain limitations. • • The Amended Loan Agreement terminates as of October 31, 2016, unless sooner terminated. We have the option of paying an annual rate of interest due on the revolving credit facility at prime plus 2% or London Inter Bank Offer Rate (“LIBOR”) plus 3% and the term loan and equipment credit facilities at prime plus 2.5% or LIBOR plus 3.5%. As a condition of the Amended Loan Agreement, we paid the remaining balance due under the term loan under our previous Loan Agreement, totaling approximately $3,833,000 using our credit facilities under the Amended Loan Agreement. In connection with the Amended Loan Agreement, we paid PNC a fee of $217,500 and incurred other direct costs of approximately $298,000 (of which $33,000 was incurred in 2012), all of which are being amortized over the term of the Amended Loan Agreement as interest expense – financing fees. As of December 31, 2012, there were no balances outstanding under the revolving credit facility and the excess availability under our revolving credit was $10,146,000, based on our eligible receivables. Pursuant to the Amended Loan Agreement, we may terminate the Amended Loan Agreement upon 90 days’ prior written notice and upon payment in full of our obligations under the Amended Loan Agreement. We agreed to pay PNC 1.0% of the total financing in the event we pay off our obligations on or before October 31, 2012 and 0.5% of the total financing if we pay off our obligations after October 31, 2012, but prior to or on October 31, 2013. No early termination fee shall apply if we pay off our obligations under the Amended Loan Agreement after October 31, 2013. Our credit facility with PNC Bank contains certain financial covenants, along with customary representations and warranties. A breach of any of these financial covenants, unless waived by PNC, could result in a default under our credit facility triggering our lender to immediately require the repayment of all outstanding debt under our credit facility and terminate all commitments to extend further credit. On November 7, 2012, we entered into an Amendment to the Amended Loan Agreement. This Amendment provided for the exclusion of approximately $700,000 in certain costs related to the acquisition and $1,600,000 of costs incurred related to certain contracts assumed in connection with the acquisition of SEC, in calculating the fixed charge ratio commencing September 30, 2012. The minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.25 to 1.0 for the four quarter period endings as of the each of the fiscal quarters remains unchanged. As a condition of this Amendment, we agreed to pay PNC a fee of $15,000, which is being amortized as interest expense – financing fees. All other terms of the Amended Loan Agreement remain principally unchanged. We met our financial covenants in each of the quarters in 2012 and we expect to meet our financial covenants in remaining 2013. The following table illustrates the most significant financial covenants under our credit facility and reflects the quarterly compliance required by the terms of our senior credit facility as of December 31, 2012: (Dollars in thousands) PNC Credit Facility Quarterly Requirement 1st Quarter Actual 2nd Quarter Actual 3rd Quarter Actual 4th Quarter Actual Fixed charge coverage ratio Minimum tangible adjusted net worth 1:25:1 $30,000 3:55:1 $65,010 2:73:1 $64,261 1:42:1 $61,691 1:30:1 $58,166 In connection with the acquisition of SEC, we entered into the October Note. As of February 12, 2013, the October Note had an outstanding principal balance of $1,460,000. As discussed above under “Review” of 37 this “Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” the October Note was cancelled on February 12, 2013, and replaced by the New Note in the principal sum of approximately $230,000, as part of a settlement with TNC. The New Note bears an annual interest rate of 6%, payable in 24 monthly installments of principal and interest of approximately $10,000, with the first payment due February 28, 2013, and as agreed by us and TNC after entering into the New Note, with subsequent payments due on the last day of each month thereafter. The New Note provides us the right to prepay such at any time without interest or penalty. Under the terms of the New Note, in the event of a continuing event of default, TNC has the option to convert the unpaid portion of the New Note into our restricted shares of Common Stock equal to the quotient determined by dividing the principal amount owing under the New Note and all accured and unpaid interest thereon, plus certain expenses, by the average of the closing prices per share of our Common Stock as reported by the primary national securities exchange or automatic quotation system on which our Common Stock is traded during the 30 consecutive trading day period ending on the trading day immediately prior to receipt by us of TNC’s written notice of its election to receive our Common Stock as a result of the event of default that is continuing; provided that the number of shares of our Common Stock to be issued to TNC under the New Note in the event of a continuing event of default plus the number of shares of our Common Stock issed to the Management Investors, shall not exceed 19.9% of the voting power of all of our voting securities issued and outstanding as of the date of the Purchase Agreement (See discussion under “Related Party Transactions” of this “Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”as to Leichtweis Settlement and issuances of shares of Common Stock to Management Investors). The Company had a promissory note dated May 8, 2009, with William N. Lampson and Diehl Rettig (collectively, the “Lenders”) for $3,000,000, which was amended on April 18, 2011 (“Amended Note”). Pursuant to the Amended Note, the remaining principal balance on the promissory note of approximately $990,000 was repaid in twelve monthly principal payments of approximately $82,500 plus accrued interest, starting May 8, 2011, with interest payable at the same rate of the original loan, which was LIBOR plus 4.5%, with LIBOR at least 1.5%. The Lenders were former shareholders of Nuvotec USA, Inc. (“Nuovtec”) (now known as (“n/k/a”) Perma-Fix Northwest, Inc. (“PFNW”)) prior to our acquisition of PFNW and Pacific EcoSolution, Inc. (“PEcoS”) (n/k/a Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc. (“PFNWR”)) and are also stockholders of the Company, having received shares of our Common Stock in connection with our acquisition of PFNW and PFNWR. As consideration of the Company receiving the loan dated May 8, 2009, we issued a Warrant to Mr. Lampson (“Lampson Warrant”) and a Warrant to Mr. Diehl to purchase up to 135,000 and 15,000 shares, respectively, of the Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $1.50 per share. We also issued to them an aggregate of 200,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock, with Mr. Lampson receiving 180,000 shares and Mr. Rettig receiving 20,000 shares. In connection with the April 18, 2011 Amended Note, the expiration date of the Warrants were extended to May 8, 2012 from May 8, 2011 (Mr. Rettig is deceased; accordingly, the amended Warrant and the note payments were held by and paid to his personal representative/estate). During 2011, Mr. Robert L. Ferguson, a member of our Board of Directors who did not stand for re-election at our 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on September 13, 2012, acquired from Mr. William Lampson one-half of the Lampson Warrant. The Company made the final payment on the note in April 2012. The Warrants as discussed above were not exercised and expired on May 8, 2012. The debt discount recorded in connection with the Common Stock and Warrants was fully amortized by April 2012. See “Related Party Transactions – Mr. Robert L. Ferguson” in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for further discussion of Mr. Robert L. Ferguson. In connection with the acquisition of PFNW and PFNWR in June 2007, we were required to pay to those former shareholders of Nuvotec (which includes Mr. Robert L. Ferguson, a member of our Board of Directors who did not stand for re-election at our 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on September 13, 2012), an earn-out amount upon meeting certain conditions for each measurement year ended June 30, 2008 to June 30, 2011, with the aggregate of the full earn-out amount not to exceed $4,552,000, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, as amended (“Agreement”). As of December 31, 2012, an aggregate earn-out amount of $3,896,000 has been paid or is payable as follows: (i) $2,574,000 in cash; and (ii) we issued a promissory note, dated September 28, 2010, in the principal amount of $1,322,000, payable in 36 equal monthly payments of approximately $40,000 consisting of interest and principal, starting October 15, 2010. The total $3,896,000 in earn-out amount paid to date or to be paid pursuant to the promissory note excludes 38 approximately an aggregate $656,000 in Offset Amount, which represents an indemnification obligation (as defined by the Merger Agreement) which is payable or may be payable to the Company by the former shareholders of Nuvotec. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the aggregate amount of any Offset Amount may total up to $1,000,000, except an Offset Amount is unlimited as to indemnification relating to liabilities for taxes, misrepresentation or inaccuracies with respect to the capitalization of Nuvotec or PEcoS or for willful or reckless misrepresentation of any representation, warranty or covenant. The $656,000 Offset Amount represents approximately $93,000 relating to an excise tax issue and a refund request from a PEcoS customer in connection with services for waste treatment prior to our acquisition of PFNWR and PFNW and an anticipated Offset Amount of $563,000 in connection with the receipt of nonconforming waste at the PFNWR facility prior to our acquisition of PFNWR and PFNW. We are currently involved in litigation with the party that delivered the nonconforming waste to the facility prior to our acquisition of PFNWR and PFNW. On October 7, 2011, the Company’s Board of Directors authorized a repurchase program of up to $3,000,000 of the Company’s Common Stock. The Company may purchase Common Stock through open market and privately negotiated transactions at prices deemed appropriate by management. The timing, the amount of repurchase transactions and the prices paid for the stock under this program will depend on market conditions as well as corporate and regulatory limitations, including blackout period restrictions. The Board approved the repurchase plan in consideration of the Company’s improved cash position and current market volatility. We plan to fund any repurchases under this program through our internal cash flow and/or borrowing under our line of credit. As of the date of this report, we have not repurchased any of our Common Stock under the program as we continue to evaluate this repurchase program within our internal cash flow and/or borrowings under our line of credit based on what is in our best interest and the best interest of our stockholders. In summary, we continue to take steps to improve our operations and liquidity and to invest working capital into our facilities to fund capital additions in our Segments. Although there are no assurances, we believe that our cash flows from operations and our available liquidity from the amended and restated line of credit are sufficient to service the Company’s current obligations and the current obligations resulting from the acquisition of SEC. Contractual Obligations The following table summarizes our contractual obligations at December 31, 2012, and the effect such obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods (in thousands): Contractual Obligations Long-term debt Interest on fixed rate long-term debt (1) Interest on variable rate debt (2) Operating leases Pension withdrawal liability (3) Environmental contingencies (4) Total contractual obligations $ Total 14,196 22 1,551 3,708 301 1,614 21,392 2013 $ 2,794 18 556 883 251 374 4,876 Payments due by period 2016 - 2017 $ 2014- 2015 $ 4,736 4 779 1,535 50 816 7,920 $ After 2017 $  —  174  271 445 $ 6,666  216 1,116  153 8,151 $ $ $ (1) (1) The Company entered into a promissory note dated September 28, 2010, in the principal amount of $1,322,000 at an annual interest rate of 6.0%, with the former shareholders of Nuvotec (n/k/a “PFNW”) in connection with an earn-out amount that we are required to pay upon meeting certain conditions for each measurement year between June 30, 2008 to June 30, 2011, as a result of our acquisition of PFNW and PFNWR. On February 12, 2013, the Company issued a two-year, non-negotiable, unsecured promissory note in the principal amount of approximately $230,000 (the “New Note”) in settlement in connection with certain claims that we asserted against TNC for breach of certain representations and covenant subsequent to our acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2012. The promissory note bears an annual interest rate of 6%, 39 payable in 24 monthly installments of approximately $10,000 consisting of principal and interest, with first payment due February 28, 2013. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources – Financing Activities” for further information on these promissory notes. (2) We have variable interest rates on our Term Loan and Revolving Credit of 2.5% and 2.0%, respectively, over the prime rate of interest, or variable interest rates on our Term Loan and Revolving Credit of 3.5% and 3.0%, respectively, over LIBOR. Our calculation of interest on our Term Loan and Revolving Credit was estimated using the more favorable LIBOR option of approximately 4.0% and 3.5% (assuming LIBOR of .5%), respectively, in years 2013 to October 31, 2016. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources – Financing Activities” for further information on the Amended and Restated Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement entered into with PNC Bank on October 31, 2011. (3) The pension withdrawal liability is the estimated liability to us upon termination of our union employees at our discontinued operation, PFMI and remains the financial obligations of the Company. See “Discontinued Operations and Divestitures” earlier in this section for discussion on our discontinued operations. (4) The environmental contingencies and related assumptions are discussed further in the “Environmental Contingencies” section of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis, and are based on estimated cash flow spending for these liabilities. The environmental contingencies noted here are for PFMI, PFM, PFSG, and PFD. The environmental liability, as it relates to the remediation of the EPS site assumed by the Company as a result of the original acquisition of the PFD facility, was retained by the Company upon the sale of PFD in March 2008. Critical Accounting Estimates In preparing the consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, management makes estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as, the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. We believe the following critical accounting policies affect the more significant estimates used in preparation of the consolidated financial statements: Revenue Recognition Estimates. We utilize a performance based methodology for purposes of revenue recognition in our Treatment Segment. As we accept more complex waste streams in this segment, the treatment of those waste streams become more complicated and time consuming. We have continued to enhance our waste tracking capabilities and systems, which has enabled us to better match the revenue earned to the processing phases achieved using a proportional performance method. The major processing phases are receipt, treatment/processing and shipment/final disposition. Upon receiving mixed waste we recognize a certain percentage (ranging from 5.0% to 33%) of revenue as we incur costs for transportation, analytical and labor associated with the receipt of mixed waste. As the waste is processed, shipped and disposed of we recognize the remaining revenue and the associated costs of transportation and burial. We review and evaluate our revenue recognition estimates and policies on an annual basis. For our Services Segment, revenues on services are performed under time and material, fixed price, and cost-reimbursement contracts. Revenues and costs associated with fixed price contracts are recognized using the percentage of completion (efforts expended) method. We estimate our percentage of completion based on attainment of project milestones. Revenues and costs associated with time and material contracts are recognized as revenue when earned and costs are incurred. Under cost-reimbursement contracts, we are reimbursed for costs incurred plus a certain percentage markup for indirect costs, in accordance with contract provision. Costs incurred in excess of contract funding may be renegotiated for reimbursement. We also earn a fee based on the approved costs to complete the contract. We recognize this fee using the proportion of costs incurred to total estimated contract costs. Contract costs include all direct labor, material and other non-labor costs and those indirect costs related to contract support, such as depreciation, fringe benefits, overhead labor, supplies, tools, repairs and equipment 40 rental. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts are made in the period in which such losses are determined. Changes in job performance, job conditions and estimated profitability, including those arising from contract penalty provisions and final contract settlements may result in revisions to costs and income and are recognized in the period in which the revisions are determined. Consulting revenues are recognized as services are rendered. The services provided are based on billable hours and revenues are recognized in relation to incurred labor and consulting costs. Out of pocket costs reimbursed by customers are also included in revenues. The liability, “billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings”, represents billings in excess of revenues recognized and accrued costs to jobs. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. The carrying amount of accounts receivable is reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts, which is a valuation allowance that reflects management's best estimate of the amounts that are uncollectible. We regularly review all accounts receivable balances that exceed 60 days from the invoice date and, based on an assessment of current credit worthiness, estimate the portion, if any, of the balances that are uncollectible. Specific accounts that are deemed to be uncollectible are reserved at 100% of their outstanding balance. The remaining balances aged over 60 days have a percentage applied by aging category (5% for balances 61-90 days, 20% for balances 91-120 days and 40% for balances over 120 days aged), based on a historical valuation, that allows us to calculate the total reserve required. This allowance was approximately 2.0% of revenue for 2012 and 18.0%, of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2012. Additionally, this allowance was approximately 2.1% of revenue for 2011 and 12.7% of accounts receivable as of December 31, 2011. Intangible Assets. Intangible assets relating to acquired businesses consist primarily of the cost of purchased businesses in excess of the estimated fair value of net identifiable assets acquired, or goodwill, and the recognized value of the permits required to operate the business. We continually reevaluate the propriety of the carrying amount of permits and goodwill to determine whether current events and circumstances warrant adjustments to the carrying value. We test each Reporting Unit’s goodwill and permits, separately, for impairment, annually as of October 1. Our annual impairment test as of October 1, 2012 and 2011 resulted in no impairment of goodwill and permits. Our October 1, 2011 impairment tests were performed based on our previous two reporting units: 1) Nuclear reporting unit, which included all of our treatment operations and operation under our CHPRC subcontract, and 2) Engineering reporting unit, which included our SYA subsidiary operations. As a result of the acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011, during the fourth quarter of 2011, the Company made structural and reporting changes to its internal organization and changes to its operating segments to create better consistency, greater coordination and enhanced communication. This restructuring aligns the internal management and functional support assets based on company service offerings and better reflects how our chief operating decision maker allocates resources and assesses performance. These changes resulted in four reporting units: (1) SYA reporting unit - our SYA subsidiary operations; (2) SEC reporting unit - our SEC operations; (3) Treatment reporting unit – our treatment operations; and (4) CHPRC reporting unit - our operations under the CHPRC subcontract. We reassigned approximately $3,637,000 of the $14,840,000 goodwill from our previous Nuclear reporting unit to our CHPRC reporting unit using a relative fair value approach in accordance to ASC 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other” as a result of the change in reporting units. As a result of the restructuring of our reporting units, we concluded that we had an interim triggering event, and, therefore, we performed a goodwill impairment test for our treatment reporting unit as of October 31, 2011 which did not result in any impairment. During the third quarter 2012, we reassigned approximately $2,488,000 of the $3,637,000 goodwill from the CHPRC reporting unit back to the Treatment reporting unit to correct our initial calculation completed during the fourth quarter of 2011. We did not amend our filings as this correction had no impact on our Consolidated Balance Sheet, Consolidated Statement of Operations or our cash flows. Our October 1, 2012 impairment tests were performed based on the four reporting units noted above. The methodology utilized in performing our goodwill testing estimates the fair value of our reporting units using 41 a discounted cash flow valuation approach. Those cash flow estimates incorporate assumptions that marketplace participants would use in their estimates of fair value. The most significant assumptions used in the discounted cash flow valuation regarding each of the Reporting Unit’s fair value in connection with goodwill valuations are: (1) detailed five year cash flow projections, (2) the risk adjusted discount rate, and (3) the expected long-term growth rate. The primary drivers of the cash flow projection in 2013 included sales revenue and projected margin which are based on our current revenue and projected government funding as it relates to our existing government contracts. The risk adjusted discount rate represents the weighted average cost of capital and is established based on (1) the 20 year risk-free rate, which is impacted by events external to our business, such as investor expectation regarding economic activity, (2) a company specific adjusted, market participant required rate of return on equity, and (3) the current after tax market participant rate of return on debt. Intangible assets that have definite useful lives are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives and are excluded from our annual intangible asset valuation review conducted as of October 1. We amortize intangible asset of customer relationships using an accelerated method. Property and Equipment Property and equipment expenditures are capitalized and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets for financial statement purposes, while accelerated depreciation methods are principally used for income tax purposes. Generally, annual depreciation rates range from ten to forty years for buildings (including improvements and asset retirement costs) and three to seven years for office furniture and equipment, vehicles, and decontamination and processing equipment. Leasehold improvements are capitalized and amortized over the lesser of the term of the lease or the life of the asset. Maintenance and repairs are charged directly to expense as incurred. The cost and accumulated depreciation of assets sold or retired are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss from sale or retirement is recognized in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Renewals and improvement, which extend the useful lives of the assets, are capitalized. We include within buildings, asset retirement obligations (“AROs”), which represents our best estimates of the cost to close, at some undetermined future date, our permitted and/or licensed facilities. Adjustments to AROs are depreciated prospectively over the remaining estimated life of the asset, in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 401, “Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations.” Accrued Closure Costs. Accrued closure costs represent a contingent environmental liability to clean up a facility in the event we cease operations in an existing facility. The accrued closure costs are estimates based on guidelines developed by federal and/or state regulatory authorities under Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (“RCRA”). Such costs are evaluated annually and adjusted for inflationary factors and for approved changes or expansion to the facilities. Increases or decreases in accrued closure costs resulting from changes or expansions at the facilities are determined based on specific RCRA guidelines applied to the requested change. This calculation includes certain estimates, such as disposal pricing, external labor, analytical costs and processing costs, which are based on current market conditions. Accrued Environmental Liabilities. We have four remediation projects currently in progress. The current and long-term accrual amounts for the projects are our best estimates based on proposed or approved processes for clean-up. The circumstances that could affect the outcome range from new technologies that are being developed every day to reduce our overall costs, to increased contamination levels that could arise as we complete remediation which could increase our costs, neither of which we anticipate at this time. In addition, significant changes in regulations could adversely or favorably affect our costs to remediate existing sites or potential future sites, which cannot be reasonably quantified. In connection with the sale of our PFD facility in March 2008, the Company retained the environmental liability for the remediation of an independent site known as EPS. This liability was assumed by the Company as a result of the original acquisition of the PFD facility. The environmental liabilities of PFM, PFMI, and PFD remain the financial obligations of the Company. The environmental liabilities of PFSG are classified as held for sale within our discontinued operations. Disposal/Transportation Costs. We accrue for waste disposal based upon a physical count of the waste at each facility at the end of each accounting period. Current market prices for transportation and disposal 42 costs are applied to the end of period waste inventories to calculate the disposal accrual. Costs are calculated using current costs for disposal, but economic trends could materially affect our actual costs for disposal. As there are limited disposal sites available to us, a change in the number of available sites or an increase or decrease in demand for the existing disposal areas could significantly affect the actual disposal costs either positively or negatively. Stock-Based Compensation. We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation”. ASC 718 requires all stock-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the income statement based on their fair values. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the fair-value of stock- based awards which requires subjective assumptions. Assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted include the exercise price of the award, the expected term, the expected volatility of the Company’s stock over the option’s expected term, the risk-free interest rate over the option’s expected term, and the expected annual dividend yield. The Company’s expected term represents the period that stock- based awards are expected to be outstanding and is determined based on historical experience of similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms of the stock-based awards, vesting schedules, and post-vesting data. Our computation of expected volatility is based on the Company’s historical volatility from our traded Common Stock over the expected term of the option grants. The interest rate for periods within the expected term of the award is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. We recognize stock-based compensation expense using a straight-line amortization method over the requisite period, which is the vesting period of the stock option grant. ASC 718 requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. We have generally estimated forfeiture rate based on historical trends of actual forfeiture. When actual forfeitures vary from our estimates, we recognize the difference in compensation expense in the period the actual forfeitures occur or when options vest. Forfeiture rates are evaluated, and revised as necessary. Income Taxes. The provision for income tax is determined in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” As part of the process of preparing our consolidated financial statements, we are required to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. We record this amount as a provision or benefit for taxes. This process involves estimating our actual current tax exposure, including assessing the risks associated with tax audits, and assessing temporary differences resulting from different treatment of items for tax and accounting purposes. These differences result in deferred tax assets and liabilities. We assess the likelihood that our deferred tax assets will be recovered from future taxable income and, to the extent that we believe recovery is not likely, we establish a valuation allowance. As of December 31, 2012, we had deferred tax assets of approximately $10,335,000, which were primarily related to federal and state net operating loss (“NOL”) carryforwards, impairment charges, and closure costs. In 2012 and 2011, we determined that it was more likely than not that approximately $2,656,000 and $3,721,000 of our net deferred income tax assets would be realized based, primarily, on profitable historic results and projections of future taxable income. Our net operating losses are subject to being audited by the Internal Revenue Services, and, as a result, the amounts could be reduced. Included in the NOL carryforwards is approximately $5,734,000 of unclaimed deferred charges. Based upon the more-likely-than-not-criteria in ASC 740, the Company recorded a liability for this uncertain tax position in the amount of approximately $1,949,000. Foreign Operation Our Services Segment includes a foreign operation, Perma-Fix Environmental Services UK Limited (“Perma-Fix UK Limited” - formerly known as Safety & Ecology Corporation Limited) located in Blaydon On Tyne, England), which we acquired on October 31, 2011. The financial results of Perma-Fix UK Limited are included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company within the Services Segment. The financial results of Perma-Fix UK Limited are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at period-end for assets and liabilities and average exchange rates during the period for result of operations. The related translation adjustments are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity. 43 Known Trends and Uncertainties Economic Conditions. With much of our segments’ customer base being the federal government or prime contractors treating government waste, economic upturns or downturns do not usually have a significant impact on the demand for our services. We believe demand for our services will be subject to fluctuations due to a variety of factors beyond our control, including the current economic conditions that drive both commercial and government clients to reduce spending. In addition, federal governmental clients have operated under reduced budgets due to ongoing short term budget Continuing Resolution (“CR”) and we believe that this has negatively impacted the amount of waste shipped to our treatment facilities as well as jobs available in our Services Segment. We believe that the uncertainty with the federal budget and the availability of funding will continue to impact our Segments until a final budget or year long CR is approved by Congress. Our operations depend, in large part, upon governmental funding, particularly funding levels at the U.S. Department of Energy (“DOE”). In addition, our governmental contracts and subcontracts relating to activities at governmental sites are generally subject to termination or renegotiation on 30 days notice at the government’s option. Significant reductions in the level of governmental funding due to federal spending reductions from uncertain budgets resulting from temporary continuing resolutions could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Legal Matters: Perma-Fix of Northwest Richland, Inc. (“PFNWR”) PFNWR filed suit (PFNWR vs. Philotechnics, Ltd.) in the U.S. District Court, Eastern District of Tennessee, asserting contract breach and seeking specific performance of the “return-of-waste clause” in the brokerage contract between a prior facility owner (now owned by PFNWR) and Philotechnics, Ltd. (“Philo”), as to certain non-conforming waste Philo delivered for treatment from Philo’s customer, El du Pont de Nemours and Company (“DuPont”), to the PFNWR facility, before PFNWR acquired the facility. Our complaint seeks an order that Philo: (A) specifically perform its obligations under the contract’s “return-of-waste” clause by physically taking custody of and by removing the nonconforming waste, (B) pay PFNWR all additional costs of maintaining and managing the waste, and (C) pay PFNWR the cost to treat and dispose of the nonconforming waste so as to allow PFNWR to compliantly dispose of that waste offsite. See “Liquidity and Capital Resources of the Company – Financing Activities” of the “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations”, for a discussion for an Offset Amount offsetting against the earn-out amount relating to the claims contained in this lawsuit. On March 7, 2013, Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc. (“PFNWR”), a subsidiary of ours, received a Notice of Intent to File Administrative Complaint from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”), alleging PFNWR had improperly stored certain mixed waste. If a settlement is not reached between the Company and EPA in connection with these alleged violations within 120 days of initiating negotiations, the EPA has advised it will initiate an action for civil penalties for these alleged violations. The EPA could seek penalties up to $37,500 per day per violation. The EPA has proposed a consent agreement and final order (“CAFO”) and has proposed a total penalty in the CAFO in the amount of $215,500 to resolve these alleged violations. We are initiating discussion with the EPA to resolve this matter. Significant Customers. Our segments have significant relationships with the federal government, and continue to enter into contracts, directly as the prime contractor or indirectly as a subcontractor, with the federal government. The contracts that we are a party to with the federal government or with others as a subcontractor to the federal government generally provide that the government may terminate or renegotiate the contracts on 30 days notice, at the government's election. Our inability to continue under existing contracts that we have with the federal government (directly or indirectly as a subcontractor) could have a material adverse effect on our operations and financial condition. We performed services relating to waste generated by the federal government, either directly as a prime contractor or indirectly as a subcontractor (including CHPRC as discussed below) to the federal government, representing approximately $101,533,000 or 79.6% of our total revenue from continuing operations during 2012, as compared to $99,660,000 or 84.5% of our total revenue from continuing 44 operations during 2011, and $80,275,000 or 82.1% of our total revenue from continuing operations during 2010. The following customers accounted for 10% or more of the total revenues generated from continuing operations for twelve months ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010: Customer CH Plateau Remediation Company ("CHPRC") DOE Year 2012 2011 2010 2012 2011 2010 Total Revenue $24,652,000 $59,136,000 $51,929,000 $26,265,000 $4,136,000 $0 % of Total Revenue 19.3% 50.1% 53.1% 20.6% 3.5% 0.0% The increase in revenue generated directly from the DOE was attributed primarily from the acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011. Revenue generated from CHPRC includes revenue generated from the CHPRC subcontract (a cost plus award fee subcontract) at our Services Segment and three waste processing contracts at our Treatment Segment. Insurance. We maintain insurance coverage similar to, or greater than, the coverage maintained by other companies of the same size and industry, which complies with the requirements under applicable environmental laws. We evaluate our insurance policies annually to determine adequacy, cost effectiveness, and desired deductible levels. Due to the continued uncertainty in the economy and changes within the environmental insurance market, we have no guarantees that if Chartis does not provide insurance coverage that we will be able to obtain similar insurance in future years, or that the cost of such insurance will not increase materially. Climate Change. Climate change is receiving ever increasing attention from scientists and legislators alike. The debate is ongoing as to the extent to which our climate is changing, the potential causes of this change and its potential impacts. Some attribute global warming to increased levels of greenhouse gases, including carbon dioxide, which has led to significant legislative and regulatory efforts to limit greenhouse gas emissions. Presently there are no federally mandated greenhouse gas reduction requirements in the United States. However, there are a number of legislative and regulatory proposals to address greenhouse gas emissions, which are in various phases of discussion or implementation. The outcome of federal and state actions to address global climate change could result in a variety of regulatory programs including potential new regulations. Any adoption by federal or state governments mandating a substantial reduction in greenhouse gas emissions could increase costs associated with our operations. Until the timing, scope and extent of any future regulation becomes known, we cannot predict the effect on our financial position, operating results and cash flows. Environmental Contingencies We are engaged in the waste management services segment of the pollution control industry. As a participant in the on-site treatment, storage and disposal market and the off-site treatment and services market, we are subject to rigorous federal, state and local regulations. These regulations mandate strict compliance and therefore are a cost and concern to us. Because of their integral role in providing quality environmental services, we make every reasonable attempt to maintain complete compliance with these regulations; however, even with a diligent commitment, we, along with many of our competitors, may be required to pay fines for violations or investigate and potentially remediate our waste management facilities. We routinely use third party disposal companies, who ultimately destroy or secure landfill residual materials generated at our facilities or at a client's site. We, compared to certain of our competitors, dispose of significantly less hazardous or industrial by-products from our operations due to rendering material non- 45 hazardous, discharging treated wastewaters to publicly-owned treatment works and/or processing wastes into saleable products. In the past, numerous third party disposal sites have improperly managed waste and consequently require remedial action; consequently, any party utilizing these sites may be liable for some or all of the remedial costs. Despite our aggressive compliance and auditing procedures for disposal of wastes, we could further be notified, in the future, that we are a potentially responsible party (“PRP”) at a remedial action site, which could have a material adverse effect. We have budgeted approximately $374,000 in environmental remediation expenditures to comply with federal, state and local regulations in connection with remediation of certain contaminates at our facilities for 2013. Our facilities where the remediation expenditures will be made are the Leased Property in Dayton, Ohio (EPS), a former RCRA storage facility as operated by the former owners of PFD, PFM's facility in Memphis, Tennessee, PFSG's facility in Valdosta, Georgia, and PFMI's facility in Brownstownt, Michigan. The environmental liability of PFD (as it relates to the remediation of the EPS site assumed by the Company as a result of the original acquisition of the PFD facility) was retained by the Company upon the sale of PFD in March 2008. All of the reserves are within our discontinued operations. While no assurances can be made that we will be able to do so, we expect to fund the expenses to remediate these sites from funds generated internally. At December 31, 2012, we had total accrued environmental remediation liabilities of $1,614,000, of which $374,000 is recorded as a current liability, which reflects a decrease of $388,000 from the December 31, 2011, balance of $2,002,000. The net decrease represents payment of approximately $388,000 on remediation projects, increases in reserves of approximately $90,000 at PFD and $33,000 at PFMI and decrease in reserve of approximately $123,000 at PFSG, due to reassessment of our remediation reserves. The December 31, 2012 current and long-term accrued environmental balance is recorded as follows (in thousands): Current Accrual $ 7 23 343 1 $ 374 Long-term Accrual $ 92 38 1,030 80 $ 1,240 Total $ 99 61 1,373 81 $ 1,614 PFD PFM PFSG PFMI Total Liability Related Party Transactions Mr. Robert Schreiber, Jr. During March 2011, we entered into a lease with Lawrence Properties LLC, a company jointly owned by Robert Schreiber, Jr., the President of Schreiber, Yonley and Associates, and Mr. Schreiber’s spouse. Mr. Schreiber is a member of our executive management team. The lease is for a term of five years starting June 1, 2011. Under the lease, we pay monthly rent of approximately $11,400, which we believe is lower than costs charged by unrelated third party landlords. Additional rent will be assessed for any increases over the new lease commencement year for property taxes or assessments and property and casualty insurance premiums. Mr. David Centofanti Mr. David Centofanti serves as our Director of Information Services. For such services, he received total compensation in 2012 of approximately $165,000. Mr. David Centofanti is the son of our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of our Board, Dr. Louis F. Centofanti. We believe the compensation received by Mr. Centofanti for his technical expertise which he provides to us is competitive and comparable to compensation we would have to pay to an unaffiliated third party with the same technical expertise. 46 Mr. Robert L. Ferguson Mr. Robert Ferguson, was nominated to serve as a Director in connection with the closing of our acquisition of Nuvotec (now known as Perma-Fix Northwest, Inc. (“PFNW”)) and its wholly owned subsidiary, Pacific EcoSolutions, Inc. (“PEcoS” - now known as Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc. (“PFNWR”)) in June 2007 and subsequently elected as a Director at our Annual Meeting of Shareholders held in August 2007. At the time of the acquisition, Mr. Ferguson was the Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and individually or through entities controlled by him, the owner of approximately 21.29% of Nuvotec’s outstanding Common Stock. Mr. Ferguson served as a director until his resignation in February 2010. Mr. Ferguson was recommended by the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee and the Board of Directors nominated Mr. Ferguson to stand for election as a Director at our 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, at which time he was elected as a Director. See discussion under “Liquidity and Capital Resources – Financing Activities” of this “Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” as to payments that have been made or are required to be made as a result of the acquisition to the former shareholders of PFNWR and PFNW. Mr. Ferguson elected not to stand for re-election at the 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on September 13, 2012. Christopher Leichtweis We are obligated to make lease payments of approximately $29,000 per month through June 2018, pursuant to a Lease Agreement, dated June 1, 2008 (the “Lease”), between Leichtweis Enterprises, LLC, as lessor, and Safety and Ecology Holdings Corporation (“SEHC”), as lessee. Leichtweis Enterprises, LLC, is owned by Mr. Christopher Leichtweis (“Leichtweis”), who was named as a Senior Vice President of the Company and President of SEC upon the acquisition of SEHC and its subsidiaries (collectively known as “SEC”) by the Company from TNC on October 31, 2011. The Lease covers SEC’s principal offices in Knoxville, Tennessee. Under an agreement of indemnity (“Indemnification Agreement”), SEC, Leichtweis and his spouse (“Leichtweis Parties”), jointly and severally, agreed to indemnify the individual surety with respect to contingent liabilities that may be incurred by the individual surety under certain of SEC’s bonded projects. In addition, SEC agreed to indemnify Leichtweis Parties against judgments, penalties, fines, and expense associated with those SEC performance bonds that Leichtweis Parties have agreed to indemnify in the event SEC cannot perform, which has an aggregate bonded amount of approximately $10,900,000. The Indemnification Agreement provided by SEC to the Leichtweis Parties also provides for compensating the Leichtweis Parties at a rate of 0.75% of the value of bonds (60% having been paid previously and the balance at substantial completion of the contract). On February 14, 2013, we entered into a Settlement and Release Agreement and Amendment to Employment Agreement (the “Leichtweis Settlement), in final settlement of certain claims made by us against Leichtweis in connection with the Disputed Claims asserted by us against TNC subsequent to our acquisition of SEC. The Leichtweis Settlement terminated our obligation to pay the Leichtweis Parties a fee under the Indemnification Agreement. Upon the closing of our acquisition of SEC from TNC on October 31, 2011, certain security holders of TNC (“Management Investors”) purchased 813,007 restricted shares of our Common Stock for a total consideration of approximately $1,000,000, or $1.23 a share, which was the average of the closing prices of our Common Stock as quoted on the Nasdaq during the 30 trading days ending on the trading day immediately prior to the closing of the acquisition. The purchase of our Common Stock was pursuant to a private placement under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”) or Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated under the Act. Mr. Leichtweis purchased 747,112 of the 813,007 shares of our Common Stock for the aggregate purchase price of approximately $918,948 or $1.23 per share. The purchase price for these shares was deducted from the consideration paid to TNC for the acquisition of SEC. Employment Agreements We have an employment agreement with each of Dr. Centofanti (our President and Chief Executive Officer), Ben Naccarato (our Chief Financial Officer), James Blankenhorn (our Chief Operating Officer) and Christopher Leichtweis (our Senior Vice President and President of SEC). Each employment agreement provides for annual base salaries, bonuses, and other benefits commonly found in such agreements. In addition, each employment agreement provides that in the event of termination of such officer without cause or termination by the officer for good reason (as such terms are defined in the 47 employment agreement), the terminated officer shall receive payments of an amount equal to benefits that have accrued as of the termination but not yet paid, plus an amount equal to one year’s base salary at the time of termination. In addition, the employment agreements provide that in the event of a change in control (as defined in the employment agreements), all outstanding stock options to purchase our common stock granted to, and held by, the officer covered by the employment agreement to be immediately vested and exercisable. Mr. Leichtweis’s employment agreement (“Leichtweis Employment Agreement”) was entered into on October 31, 2011, in connection with the acquisition of SEC. Leichtweis Employment Agreement provides for an annual base salary of $324,480, plus bonus under certain conditions, and is effective for four years. The Leichtweis Settlement, as discussed above, amended the Leichtweis Employment Agreement by reducing the base salary of Leichtweis by $30,000 per year commencing the earlier occurrence of (i) the date the Company files its 2012 Form 10-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or (ii) April 1, 2013, and continuing for a period of three years from such date (or, if the Leichtweis Employment Agreement is earlier terminated, through the date of such earlier termination). ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK We are exposed to certain market risks arising from adverse changes in interest rates, primarily due to the potential effect of such changes on our variable rate loan arrangements with PNC. The interest rates payable to PNC are based on a spread over prime rate or a spread over LIBOR. As of December 31, 2012, we had approximately $13,524,000 in variable rate borrowings. Assuming a 1% change in the average interest rate as of December 31, 2012, our interest cost would change by approximately $135,000. As of December 31, 2012, we had no interest swap agreement outstanding. We consider our direct exposure to foreign exchange rate fluctuation to be minimal. We have a small foreign operation, Perma-Fix UK Limited - a United Kingdom corporation, located in Blaydon On Tyne, England, which we acquired on October 31, 2011. As of December 31, 2012, Perma-Fix UK Limited’s assets were $61,000 or .04% of our total consolidated assets and had generated revenues of approximately $158,000 in U.S. dollars for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 (which represented 0.1% of our total revenue for continuing operations for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012); therefore, increases or decreases to the value of the U.S dollar relative to the British pound would not have a material impact to our financial results. 48 SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS Forward-looking Statements Certain statements contained within this report may be deemed "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (collectively, the "Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995"). All statements in this report other than a statement of historical fact are forward-looking statements that are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which could cause actual results and performance of the Company to differ materially from such statements. The words "believe," "expect," "anticipate," "intend," "will," and similar expressions identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements contained herein relate to, among other things, • demand for our services subject to fluctuations due to variety of factors; • uncertainty with the federal budget; • expect to meet our financial covenants in 2013; • ability to improve operations and liquidity; • ability to close and remediate certain contaminated sites for projected amounts over the projected periods; • permit and license requirements represent a potential barrier to entry for possible competitors; • fluctuation of cash balances; • potential large fluctuations in revenue in each of our quarters in the near future; • ability to fund expenses to remediate sites from funds generated internally; • collectability of our receivables; • potential effect on our operations with the adoption of programs by federal or state government mandating a substantial reduction in greenhouse gas emissions; • ability to fund budgeted capital expenditures during 2013 through our operations and lease financing; • our cash flows from operations and our available liquidity from our amended and restated line of credit are sufficient to service the Company’s current obligations; • continue to take steps to improve our operations and liquidity and to invest working capital into our facilities to fund capital additions to our segments; • due to the continued uncertainty in the economy and changes within the environmental insurance market, we have no guarantee that we will be able to obtain similar insurance in future years, or that the cost of such insurance will not increase materially; • we could be subject to fines, penalties or other liabilities or could be adversely affected by existing or subsequently enacted laws or regulations; • as our operations and activities expand, there could be an increase in potential litigation; • ability to continue under existing contracts that we have with the federal government (directly or indirectly as a subcontractor); • investment of working capital; • seasonality and approval of final federal budget or year long Continuing Resolution is approved by Congress; • process our backlog during periods of low waste receipts, which historically has been in the first or fourth quarter; • funding of any repurchases of our common stock; • future enforcement policies as applied to existing laws or by the enactment of new environmental laws and regulations; • treatment processes we utilize offer a cost saving alternative to more traditional remediation and disposal methods offered by certain of our competitors; • the Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2013-02 to have a material impact on the Company's financial condition or results of operations; • despite our aggressive compliance and auditing procedure for disposal of wastes, we could further be notified, in the future, that we are a PRP at a remedial action site, which could have a material adverse effect; and • we could be deemed responsible for part for the cleanup of certain properties and be subject to fines and civil penalties in connection with violations of regulatory requirements. 49 While the Company believes the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, it can give no assurance such expectations will prove to have been correct. There are a variety of factors, which could cause future outcomes to differ materially from those described in this report, including, but not limited to: • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • • general economic conditions; material reduction in revenues; ability to meet PNC covenant requirements; inability to collect in a timely manner a material amount of receivables; increased competitive pressures; the ability to maintain and obtain required permits and approvals to conduct operations; public not accepting our new technology; the ability to develop new and existing technologies in the conduct of operations; inability to maintain and obtain closure and operating insurance requirements; inability to retain or renew certain required permits; discovery of additional contamination or expanded contamination at any of the sites or facilities leased or owned by us or our subsidiaries which would result in a material increase in remediation expenditures; delays at our third party disposal site can extend collection of our receivables greater than twelve months; refusal of third party disposal sites to accept our waste; changes in federal, state and local laws and regulations, especially environmental laws and regulations, or in interpretation of such; potential increases in equipment, maintenance, operating or labor costs; management retention and development; financial valuation of intangible assets is substantially more/less than expected; the requirement to use internally generated funds for purposes not presently anticipated; inability to continue to be profitable on an annualized basis; inability of the Company to maintain the listing of its Common Stock on the NASDAQ; terminations of contracts with federal agencies or subcontracts involving federal agencies, or reduction in amount of waste delivered to the Company under the contracts or subcontracts; renegotiation of contracts involving the federal government; federal government’s inability or failure to provide necessary funding to remediate contaminated federal sites; disposal expense accrual could prove to be inadequate in the event the waste requires re-treatment; and Risk factors contained in Item 1A of this report. 50 ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA Index to Consolidated Financial Statements Consolidated Financial Statements Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income for the Years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Financial Statement Schedule II Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 Page No. 52 53 55 56 57 58 59 132 Schedules Omitted In accordance with the rules of Regulation S-X, other schedules are not submitted because (a) they are not applicable to or required by the Company, or (b) the information required to be set forth therein is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto. 51 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Board of Directors and Stockholders Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2012 and 2011 and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive (loss) income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012. In connection with our audits of the financial statements, we have also audited the financial statement schedule listed in the accompanying index. These financial statements and schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements and schedule. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. and subsidiaries at December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also, in our opinion, the financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. and subsidiaries' internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) and our report dated March 22, 2013 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. /s/BDO USA, LLP Atlanta, Georgia March 22, 2013 52 PERMA-FIX ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS As of December 31, (Amounts in Thousands, Except for Share and per Share Amounts) 2012 2011 ASSETS Current assets: Cash Restricted cash Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $2,507 and $2,441, respectively Unbilled receivables - current Retainage receivable Inventories Prepaid and other assets Deferred tax assets - current Current assets related to discontinued operations Total current assets Property and equipment: Buildings and land Equipment Vehicles Leasehold improvements Office furniture and equipment Construction-in-progress Less accumulated depreciation and amortization Net property and equipment Property and equipment related to discontinued operations Intangibles and other long term assets: Permits Goodwill Other intangible assets - net Unbilled receivables – non-current Finite risk sinking fund Deferred tax asset, net of liabilities Other assets Total assets $ 4,368 35 $ 12,055 1,535 11,395 8,530 312 473 3,282 1,553 499 30,447 26,297 34,657 661 11,625 2,116 334 75,690 (40,376) 35,314 1,614 16,848 9,632 912 573 4,661 3,853 693 50,762 26,026 34,283 818 11,529 2,081 764 75,501 (35,666) 39,835 1,650 16,799 29,186 3,610 137 21,272 1,103 1,549 141,031 $ 16,854 29,186 4,517 424 19,354 1,435 1,560 165,577 $ The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 53 PERMA-FIX ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS, CONTINUED As of December 31, (Amounts in Thousands, Except for Share and per Share Amounts) 2012 2011 LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY Current liabilities: Accounts payable Accrued expenses Disposal/transportation accrual Unearned revenue Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings Current liabilities related to discontinued operations Current portion of long-term debt Total current liabilities Accrued closure costs Other long-term liabilities Long-term liabilities related to discontinued operations Long-term debt, less current portion Total long-term liabilities Total liabilities Commitments and Contingencies $ 8,657 6,254 2,294 3,695 1,934 1,512 2,794 27,140 $ 13,313 9,434 1,957 6,260 6,058 2,197 3,521 42,740 11,349 674 1,829 11,402 25,254 52,394 11,937 610 1,775 14,195 28,517 71,257 Preferred Stock of subsidiary, $1.00 par value; 1,467,396 shares authorized, 1,284,730 shares issued and outstanding, liquidation value $1.00 per share plus accrued and unpaid dividends 1,285 1,285 Stockholders' Equity: Preferred Stock, $.001 par value; 2,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued and outstanding Common Stock, $.001 par value; 75,000,000 shares authorized, 56,238,525 and 56,068,248 shares issued, respectively; 56,200,315 and 56,030,038 shares outstanding, respectively Additional paid-in capital Accumulated deficit Accumulated other comprehensive loss Less Common Stock in treasury, at cost; 38,210 shares Total Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. stockholders' equity Non-controlling interest Total stockholders' equity   56 102,819 (16,005) (2) (88) 86,780 572 87,352 56 102,411 (9,733) (3) (88) 92,643 392 93,035 Total liabilities and stockholders' equity $ 141,031 $ 165,577 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 54 PERMA-FIX ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS For the years ended December 31, (Amounts in Thousands, Except for per Share Amounts) Net revenues Cost of goods sold Gross profit $ 2012 127,509 111,705 15,804 $ 2011 118,097 89,677 28,420 $ Selling, general and administrative expenses Research and development Loss (gain) on disposal of property and equipment (Loss) income from operations Other income (expense): Interest income Interest expense Interest expense – financing fees Loss on extinguishment of debt Other (Loss) income from continuing operations before income taxes Income tax expense (benefit) (Loss) income from continuing operations Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of taxes 18,390 1,823 15 (4,424) 41 (818) (107) — 8 (5,300) 1,250 (6,550) 458 — Net (loss) income $ (6,092) $ 15,564 1,502 (15) 11,369 58 (657) (207) (91) 5 10,477 (1,095) 11,572 2010 97,790 77,175 20,615 13,361 921 138 6,195 65 (755) (412) — 24 5,117 1,846 3,271 777 1,509 13,858 (663) — 2,608 $ Less: net income attributable to non-controlling interest 180 22 — Net (loss) income attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. common stockholders $ (6,272) $ 13,836 $ 2,608 Net (loss) income per common share attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. stockholders - basic: Continuing operations Discontinued operations Disposal of discontinued operations Net (loss) income per common share Net (loss) income per common share attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. stockholders - diluted: Continuing operations Discontinued operations Disposal of discontinued operations Net (loss) income per common share Number of common shares used in computing net (loss) income per share: Basic Diluted $ $ $ $ (.12) .01 — (.11) (.12) .01 — (.11) $ $ $ $ .21 .01 .03 .25 .21 .01 .03 .25 $ $ $ $ .06 (.01) — .05 .06 (.01) — .05 56,125 56,125 55,295 55,317 54,947 55,030 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 55 PERMA-FIX ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC. Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income For the years ended December 31, (Amounts in Thousands) 2012 2011 2010 Net (loss) income Other comprehensive income (loss): Foreign currency translation gain (loss) Total other comprehensive income (loss) Comprehensive (loss) income Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interest Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. common stockholders $ (6,092) $ 13,858 $ 2,608 1 1 (3) (3) (6,091) 13,855 180 22 $ $ (6,271) $ 13,833 ― ― 2,608 ― 2,608 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 56 PERMA-FIX ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY For the years ended December 31, (Amounts in Thousands, Except for Share Amounts) Common Stock Shares 54,628,904 $ Amount 55 Additional Paid-In Capital Common Stock Held In Treasury Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income Non-contolling Interest in Subsidiary Accumulated Deficit Total Stockholders' Equity $ 99,641 $  $  $  $ (26,177) $ 73,519  127,276 350,000   55,106,180 $   149,061 813,007    56,068,248 $   170,277  56,238,525 $      55    1    56     56  240 597  343 100,821 $ $   210 999 36  345 102,411   217 191 102,819 $ $ $ $    (88)  (88) $        (88)   $   (88) $       $  (3)      (3)  1   (2) $ $       $ 22     370  392 180    572 $ $ 2,608 2,608     (23,569) 13,836 $       (9,733) (6,272) $    (16,005) $ 240 597 (88) 343 77,219 13,858 (3) 210 1,000 36 370 345 93,035 (6,092) 1 217 191 87,352 Balance at December 31, 2009 Net income Issuance of Common Stock for services Issuance of Common Stock upon exercise of Options Payment of Option exercise by Common Stock shares Stock-Based Compensation Balance at December 31, 2010 Net income Foreign currency translation Issuance of Common Stock for services Common Stock Issued in conjunction with acquisition Warrant extension for debt modification Non-controlling interest investment in subsidiary Stock-Based Compensation Balance at December 31, 2011 Net income (loss) Foreign currency translation Issuance of Common Stock for services Stock-Based Compensation Balance at December 31, 2012 The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 57 PERMA-FIX ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS For the years ended December 31, (Amounts in Thousands) Cash flows from operating activities: Net (loss) income Less: income (loss) on discontinued operations 2012 2011 2010 $ (6,092) 458 $ 13,858 2,286 $ 2,608 (663) (Loss) income from continuing operations Adjustments to reconcile net income from continuing operations to cash provided by operations: Depreciation and amortization Amortization of debt discount Amortization of fair value of customer contracts Deferred tax expense (benefit) Provision for bad debt and other reserves Foreign exchange gain (loss) Loss (gain) on disposal of plant, property and equipment Issuance of common stock for services Stock-based compensation Changes in operating assets and liabilities of continuing operations, net of effect of business acquisitions: Accounts receivable Unbilled receivables Prepaid expenses, inventories and other assets Accounts payable, accrued expenses and unearned revenue Cash (used in) provided by continuing operations Cash used in discontinued operations Cash (used in) provided by operating activities Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of property and equipment, net Proceeds from sale of plant, property and equipment Change in restricted cash, net Payments to finite risk sinking fund Payment of earn-out to Nuvotec shareholders Cash used for acquisition consideration, net of cash acquired Cash used in investing activities of continuing operations Cash (used in) provided by investing activities of discontinued operations Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Net repayments of revolving credit Principal repayments of long term debt Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt Proceeds from issuance of stock Cash (used in) provided by financing activities of continuing operations Principal repayment of long-term debt for discontinued operations Cash (used in) provided by financing activities (Decrease) increase in cash Cash at beginning of period Cash at end of period Supplemental disclosure: Interest paid Income taxes paid Non-cash investing and financing activities: Long-term debt incurred for purchase of property and equipment Note issued for earn-out to Nuvotec shareholders Warrant extension for debt modification Note issued in connection with SEC acquisition, net (see Note 3) Amount held in escrow account in connection with SEC acquisition (see Note 3) (6,550) 11,572 5,470 12 (3,667) 1,630 124 1 15 217 191 5,929 1,390 4,800 (12,049) (2,487) (922) (3,409) (412) 121 1,500 (1,918) ── ── (709) (2) (711) ── (3,532) ── ── (3,532) (35) (3,567) 4,816 141 (262) (3,230) 83 (3) (15) 210 345 7,125 1,697 1,494 4 23,977 (2,533) 21,444 (2,303) 25 ── (1,930) (840) (15,628) (20,676) 7,691 (12,985) (2,019) (11,329) 16,000 1,000 3,652 (157) 3,495 3,271 4,530 333 ── 1,819 59 ── 138 240 343 3,215 279 1,789 (7,289) 8,727 (344) 8,383 (1,571) 11 ── (1,944) (1,000) ── (4,504) (544) (5,048) (640) (3,117) ── 509 (3,248) (52) (3,300) (7,687) 12,055 4,368 $ 11,954 101 12,055 $ 35 66 101 $ $ 922 479 $ 707 2,051 $ 893 492 ── ── ── ── ── ── ── 36 1,270 1,500 429 1,322 ── ── ── The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 58 PERMA-FIX ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC. Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 NOTE 1 DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. (the Company, which may be referred to as we, us, or our), an environmental and technology know-how company, is a Delaware corporation, engaged through its subsidiaries, in two reportable segments: TREATMENT SEGMENT, which includes: - - nuclear, low-level radioactive, mixed waste (containing both hazardous and low-level radioactive constituents), hazardous and non-hazardous waste treatment, processing and disposal services primarily through four uniquely licensed and permitted treatment and storage facilities; and research and development activities to identify, develop and implement innovative waste processing techniques for problematic waste streams. SERVICES SEGMENT, which includes: - On-site waste management services to commercial and government customers; - Technical services, which include: o professional radiological measurement and site survey of large government and commercial o installations using advance methods, technology and engineering; integrated Occupational Safety and Health services including industrial hygiene (“IH”) assessments; hazardous materials surveys, e.g., exposure monitoring; lead and asbestos management/abatement oversight; indoor air quality evaluations; health risk and exposure assessments; health & safety plan/program development, compliance auditing and training services; and Occupational Safety and Health Administration (“OSHA”) citation assistance; o global technical services providing consulting, engineering, project management, waste management, environmental, and decontamination and decommissioning field, technical, and management personnel and services to commercial and government customers; and o augmented engineering services (through our Schreiber, Yonley & Associates subsidiary – “SYA”) providing consulting environmental services to industrial and government customers: (cid:1) including air, water, and hazardous waste permitting, air, soil and water sampling, compliance reporting, emission reduction strategies, compliance auditing, and various compliance and training activities; and engineering and compliance support to other segments; (cid:1) - Nuclear services, which include: o o technology-based services including engineering, decontamination and decommissioning (“D&D”), specialty services and construction, logistics, transportation, processing and disposal; remediation of nuclear licensed and federal facilities and the remediation cleanup of nuclear legacy sites. Such services capability includes: project investigation; radiological engineering; partial and total plant D&D; facility decontamination, dismantling, demolition, and planning; site restoration; site construction; logistics; transportation; and emergency response; and - A company owned equipment calibration and maintenance laboratory that services, maintains, calibrates, and sources (i.e., rental) of health physics, IH and customized nuclear, environmental, and occupational safety and health (“NEOSH”) instrumentation. Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and the accounts of our wholly-owned subsidiaries as follows: 59 Continuing Operations: Diversified Scientific Services, Inc. (“DSSI”), East Tennessee Materials & Energy Corporation (“M&EC”), Perma-Fix of Florida, Inc. (“PFF”), Perma-Fix of Northwest Richland, Inc. (“PFNWR”), Schreiber, Yonley and Associates (“SYA”), Safety & Ecology Corporation (“SEC”), Perma- Fix Environmental Services UK Limited (“Perma-Fix UK Limited” - a United Kingdom facility) and SEC Radcon Alliance, LLC (“SECRA”). Discontinued Operations (See “Note 8”): Perma-Fix of Fort Lauderdale, Inc. (“PFFL” – divested in August 2011), Perma-Fix of South Georgia, Inc. (“PFSG” – held for sale), Perma-Fix of Orlando (“PFO” – divested in October 2011), Perma-Fix of Maryland (“PFMD” – divested in January 2008), Perma-Fix of Dayton, Inc. (“PFD” - divested in March 2008), and Perma-Fix Treatment Services, Inc. (“PFTS” – divested in May 2008). Our discontinued operations also include Perma-Fix of Michigan, Inc. (“PFMI”) and Perma- Fix of Memphis, Inc. (“PFM”), two non-operational facilities. NOTE 2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Principles of Consolidation Our consolidated financial statements include our accounts and those of our wholly-owned subsidiaries after elimination of all significant intercompany accounts and transactions. Reclassifications Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform with the current year presentation. Use of Estimates When we prepare financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, we make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as, the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. See Notes 8, 11, 12 and 13 for estimates of discontinued operations and environmental liabilities, closure costs, income taxes and contingencies for details on significant estimates. Restricted Cash Restricted cash reflects $35,000 held in escrow for our worker’s compensation policy. Restricted cash in 2011 included $1,500,000 received by the Company from an escrow account in connection with the acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011. This $1,500,000 was received by the Company subsequent to 2011 year end (See Note 3 – “Business Acquisition” for further detail of this $1,500,000). Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable are customer obligations due under normal trade terms requiring payment within 30 or 60 days from the invoice date based on the customer type (government, broker, or commercial). The carrying amount of accounts receivable is reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts, which is a valuation allowance that reflects management's best estimate of the amounts that will not be collected. We regularly review all accounts receivable balances that exceed 60 days from the invoice date and based on an assessment of current credit worthiness, estimate the portion, if any, of the balance that will not be collected. This analysis excludes government related receivables due to our past successful experience in their collectability. Specific accounts that are deemed to be uncollectible are reserved at 100% of their outstanding balance. The remaining balances aged over 60 days have a percentage applied by aging category (5% for balances 61-90 days, 20% for balances 91-120 days and 40% for balances over 120 days aged), based on a historical valuation, that allows us to calculate the total reserve required. Once we have exhausted all options in the collection of a delinquent accounts receivable balance, which includes collection letters, demands for payment, collection agencies and attorneys, the account is deemed uncollectible and subsequently written off. The write off process involves approvals, based on dollar amount, from senior management. Retainage receivables represent amounts that are billed or billable to our customers, but are retained by the customer until completion of the project or as otherwise specified in the contract. Our retainage receivable balances are all current. 60 Unbilled Receivables Unbilled receivables are generated by differences between invoicing timing and our performance based methodology used for revenue recognition purposes. As major processing and contract completion phases are completed and the costs incurred, we recognize the corresponding percentage of revenue. Within our Treatment Segment, we experience delays in processing invoices due to the complexity of the documentation that is required for invoicing, as well as the difference between completion of revenue recognition milestones and agreed upon invoicing terms, which results in unbilled receivables. The timing differences occur for several reasons: partially from delays in the final processing of all wastes associated with certain work orders and partially from delays for analytical testing that is required after we have processed waste but prior to our release of waste for disposal. The tasks relating to these delays usually take several months to complete. As we now have historical data to review the timing of these delays, we realize that certain issues, including but not limited to delays at our third party disposal site, can extend collection of some of these receivables greater than twelve months. However, our historical experience suggests that a significant part of unbilled receivables are ultimately collectible with minimal concession on our part. We therefore, segregate the unbilled receivables between current and long term. Unbilled receivables within our Services Segment can result from: (1) revenue recognized by our Earned Value Management program (a program which integrates project scope, schedule, and cost to provide an objective measure of project progress) but invoice milestones have not yet been met and/or (2) contract claims and pending change orders, including Requests for Equitable Adjustments (“REAs”) when work has been performed and collection of revenue is reasonably assured. Inventories Inventories consist of treatment chemicals, saleable used oils, and certain supplies. Additionally, we have replacement parts in inventory, which are deemed critical to the operating equipment and may also have extended lead times should the part fail and need to be replaced. Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market with cost determined by the first-in, first-out method. Property and Equipment Property and equipment expenditures are capitalized and depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets for financial statement purposes, while accelerated depreciation methods are principally used for income tax purposes. Generally, asset lives range from ten to forty years for buildings (including improvements and asset retirement costs) and three to seven years for office furniture and equipment, vehicles, and decontamination and processing equipment. Leasehold improvements are capitalized and amortized over the lesser of the term of the lease or the life of the asset. Maintenance and repairs are charged directly to expense as incurred. The cost and accumulated depreciation of assets sold or retired are removed from the respective accounts, and any gain or loss from sale or retirement is recognized in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. Renewals and improvement, which extend the useful lives of the assets, are capitalized. We include within buildings, asset retirement obligations (“AROs”), which represents our best estimates of the cost to close, at some undetermined future date, our permitted and/or licensed facilities. AROs are depreciated over the estimated useful life of the property. Subsequent additions and adjustments to AROs (due to changes in estimates) are depreciated prospectively over the remaining estimated life of the asset, in accordance with ASC 410, “Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations.” In accordance with ASC 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment”, long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment, and purchased intangible assets subject to amortization, are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of would be separately presented in the balance sheet and reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated. The assets and liabilities of a disposal group classified as held for sale would be presented separately in the appropriate asset and liability sections of the balance sheet. 61 Our PFSG subsidiary is within our discontinued operations and is held for sale. We performed updated financial valuation on the tangible assets of PFSG and concluded that no tangible asset impairment existed as of December 31, 2012. Our depreciation expense totaled $4,795,000, $4,575,000 and $4,451,000 in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Capitalized Interest The Company’s policy is to capitalize interest cost incurred on debt during the construction of major projects exceeding one year; however, no interest was required to be capitalized for each of the years 2010 to 2012. Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets Intangible assets relating to acquired businesses consist primarily of the cost of purchased businesses in excess of the estimated fair value of net identifiable assets acquired (“goodwill”) and the recognized permit value of the business. Goodwill and intangible assets that have indefinite useful lives are tested annually for impairment, or more frequently if triggering events occur or other impairment indicators arise which might impair recoverability. An impairment loss is recognized to the extent that the carrying amount exceeds the asset’s fair value. For goodwill, the impairment determination is made at the reporting unit level and consists of two steps. First, the Company determines the fair value of a reporting unit and compares it to its carrying amount. Second, if the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized for any excess of the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill over the implied fair value of the goodwill. The implied value of goodwill is determined by allocating the fair value of the reporting unit in a manner similar to a purchase price allocation, in accordance with ASC 805, “Business Combinations.” Our annual financial valuations performed as of October 1, 2012, 2011, and 2010, indicated no impairments. Our October 1, 2011 and 2010, impairment tests were performed based on our previous two reporting units: 1) Nuclear reporting unit, which included all of our treatment operations and operation under our CHPRC subcontract, and 2) Engineering reporting unit, which included our SYA subsidiary operations. As a result of the acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011, during the fourth quarter of 2011, the Company made structural and reporting changes to its internal organization and changes to its operating segments to create better consistency, greater coordination and enhanced communication. This restructuring aligns the internal management and functional support assets based on company service offerings and better reflects how our chief operating decision maker allocates resources and assesses performance. These changes resulted in four reporting units: (1) SYA reporting unit - our SYA subsidiary operations; (2) SEC reporting unit - our SEC operations; (3) Treatment reporting unit – our treatment operations; and (4) CHPRC reporting unit - our operations under the CHPRC subcontract. We reassigned approximately $3,637,000 of the $14,840,000 goodwill from our previous Nuclear reporting unit to our CHPRC reporting unit using a relative fair value approach in accordance with ASC 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other” as a result of the change in reporting units. As a result of the restructuring of our reporting units, we concluded that we had an interim triggering event, and, therefore, we performed a goodwill impairment test for our treatment reporting unit as of October 31, 2011 which did not result in any impairment. During the third quarter of 2012, we reassigned approximately $2,488,000 of the $3,637,000 goodwill from the CHPRC reporting unit back to the Treatment reporting unit to correct our initial calculation completed during the fourth quarter of 2011. We did not amend our filings as this correction had no impact on our Consolidated Balance Sheet, Consolidated Statement of Operations or our cash flows. Our October 1, 2012 impairment tests were performed based on the four reporting units noted above. In testing goodwill impairment, the Company estimates the fair value of our reporting units using a discounted cash flow valuation approach. This approach is dependent on estimates for future sales, operating income, working capital changes, and capital expenditures, as well as expected growth rates for cash flows and long-term interest rates, all of which are impacted by economic conditions related to our industry and conditions in the U.S. capital markets. 62 Intangible assets that have definite useful lives are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives and are excluded from our annual intangible asset valuation review conducted as of October 1. The Company has one definite-lived permit which was excluded from the impairment review as noted above. This permit of approximately $545,000 was capitalized in 2009 in connection with the authorization issued by the U.S. EPA to our DSSI facility to commercially store and dispose of radioactive PCBs. This permit is being amortized over a ten year period in accordance with its estimated useful life. Definite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances suggest impairment might exist. Our intangible assets also include a non-compete agreement, customer relationships, software, and customer contracts. These intangibles are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives with the exception of customer relationships which are amortized using an accelerated method (see Note 4 – “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” for further discussion on goodwill and other intangible assets). Research and Development Innovation and technical know-how by our operations is very important to the success of our business. Our goal is to discover, develop, and bring to market innovative ways to process waste that address unmet environmental needs. We conduct research internally and also through collaborations with other third parties. Research and development costs consist primarily of employee salaries and benefits, laboratory costs, third party fees, and other related costs associated with the development and enhancement of new potential waste treatment processes and are charged to expense when incurred in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 730, “Research and Development.” Accrued Closure Costs Accrued closure costs represent our estimated environmental liability to clean up our facilities as required by our permits, in the event of closure. ASC 410, “Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations”, requires that the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation be recognized in the period in which it is incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made, and that the associated asset retirement costs be capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. In conjunction with the state mandated permit and licensing requirements, we are obligated to determine our best estimate of the cost to close, at some undetermined future date, our permitted and/or licensed facilities. We subsequently adjust this liability as a result of changes to the facility, changes in estimated cost for closure, and/or for inflation. The associated asset retirement cost is recorded as property and equipment (buildings). We depreciate the asset retirement cost on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life in accordance with our depreciation policy. Income Taxes Income taxes are accounted for in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes.” Under ASC 740, the provision for income taxes is comprised of taxes that are currently payable and deferred taxes that relate to the temporary differences between financial reporting carrying values and tax bases of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted income tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Any effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. ASC 740 requires that deferred income tax assets be reduced by a valuation allowance if it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. We evaluate the realizability of our deferred income tax assets, primarily resulting from impairment loss and net operating loss carryforwards, and adjust our valuation allowance, if necessary. Once we utilize our net operating loss carryforwards or reverse the related valuation allowance we have recorded on these deferred tax assets, we would expect our provision for income tax expense in future periods to reflect an effective tax rate that will be significantly higher than past periods. ASC 740 sets out a consistent framework for preparers to use to determine the appropriate recognition and measurement of uncertain tax positions. ASC 740 uses a two-step approach wherein a tax benefit is 63 recognized if a position is more-likely-than-not to be sustained. The amount of the benefit is then measured to be the highest tax benefit which is greater than 50% likely to be realized. ASC 740 also sets out disclosure requirements to enhance transparency of an entity’s tax reserves. We reassess the validity of our conclusions regarding uncertain income tax positions on a quarterly basis to determine if facts or circumstances have arisen that might cause us to change our judgment regarding the likelihood of a tax position’s sustainability under audit. Foreign Operation Our Services Segment includes a foreign operation, Perma-Fix Environmental Services UK Limited (“Perma-Fix UK Limited” - formerly known as Safety & Ecology Corporation Limited) located in Blaydon On Tyne, England), which we acquired on October 31, 2011. The financial results of Perma-Fix UK Limited are translated into U.S. dollars using exchange rates in effect at period-end for assets and liabilities and average exchange rates during the period for result of operations. The related translation adjustments are reported as a separate component of stockholders’ equity as well as in the determination of comprehensive income (loss). Concentration Risk We performed services relating to waste generated by the federal government, either directly as a prime contractor or indirectly as a subcontractor to the federal government, representing approximately $101,533,000 or 79.6% of our total revenue from continuing operations during 2012, as compared to $99,660,000 or 84.5% of our total revenue from continuing operations during 2011, and $80,275,000 or 82.1% of our total revenue from continuing operations during 2010. The following customers accounted for 10% or more of the total revenues generated from continuing operations for twelve months ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010: Customer CH Plateau Remediation Company ("CHPRC") Department of Energy ("DOE") Year 2012 2011 2010 2012 2011 2010 Total Revenue $24,652,000 $59,136,000 $51,929,000 $26,265,000 $4,136,000 $0 % of Total Revenue 19.3% 50.1% 53.1% 20.6% 3.5% 0.0% The outstanding receivable balance for each customer representing more than 10% of consolidated accounts receivable is (“AR”) as follows: Customer DOE Clauss Construction Year 2012 2011 2012 2011 AR $1,753,000 $2,656,000 $3,343,000 $3,114,000 AR 15.4% 15.8% 29.3% 18.5% Gross Receipts Taxes and Other Charges ASC 605-45, “Revenue Recognition – Principal Agent Consideration” provides guidance regarding the accounting and financial statement presentation for certain taxes assessed by a governmental authority. These taxes and surcharges include, among others, universal service fund charges, sales, use, waste, and some excise taxes. In determining whether to include such taxes in our revenue and expenses, we assess, among other things, whether we are the primary obligor or principal taxpayer for the taxes assessed in each jurisdiction where we do business. As we are merely a collection agent for the government authority in certain of our facilities, we record the taxes on a net method and do not include them in our revenue and cost of services. 64 Revenue Recognition Treatment Segment revenues. The processing of mixed waste is complex and may take several months or more to complete; as such, we recognize revenues using a performance based methodology with our measure of progress towards completion determined based on output measures consisting of milestones achieved and completed. We have waste tracking capabilities, which we continue to enhance, to allow us to better match the revenues earned to the processing phases achieved. The revenues are recognized as each of the following three processing phases are completed: receipt, treatment/processing and shipment/final disposal. However, based on the processing of certain waste streams, the treatment/processing and shipment/final disposal phases may be combined as sometimes they are completed concurrently. As major processing phases are completed and the costs incurred, we recognize the corresponding percentage of revenue utilizing a proportional performance model. We experience delays in processing invoices due to the complexity of the documentation that is required for invoicing, as well as the difference between completion of revenue recognition milestones and agreed upon invoicing terms, which results in unbilled receivables. The timing differences occur for several reasons, partially from delays in the final processing of all wastes associated with certain work orders and partially from delays for analytical testing that is required after we have processed waste but prior to our release of waste for disposal. As the waste moves through these processing phases and revenues are recognized, the correlating costs are expensed as incurred. Although we use our best estimates and all available information to accurately determine these disposal expenses, the risk does exist that these estimates could prove to be inadequate in the event the waste requires retreatment. Furthermore, should the waste be returned to the generator, the related receivables could be uncollectible; however, historical experience has not indicated this to be a material uncertainty. Services Segment revenues. Revenue includes services performed under time and material, fixed price, and cost-reimbursement contracts. Revenues and costs associated with fixed price contracts are recognized using the percentage of completion (efforts expended) method. We estimate our percentage of completion based on attainment of project milestones. Revenues and costs associated with time and material contracts are recognized as revenue when earned and costs are incurred. Under cost reimbursement contracts, we are reimbursed for costs incurred plus a certain percentage markup for indirect costs, in accordance with contract provision. Costs incurred in excess of contract funding may be renegotiated for reimbursement. We also earn a fee based on the approved costs to complete the contract. We recognize this fee using the proportion of costs incurred to total estimated contract costs. Contract costs include all direct labor, material and other non-labor costs and those indirect costs related to contract support, such as depreciation, fringe benefits, overhead labor, supplies, tools, repairs and equipment rental. Provisions for estimated losses on uncompleted contracts are made in the period in which such losses are determined. Changes in job performance, job conditions and estimated profitability, including those arising from contract penalty provisions and final contract settlements may result in revisions to costs and income and are recognized in the period in which the revisions are determined. Consulting revenues are recognized as services are rendered. The services provided are based on billable hours and revenues are recognized in relation to incurred labor and consulting costs. Out of pocket costs reimbursed by customers are also included in revenues. The liability, “billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings”, represents billings in excess of revenues recognized and accrued costs to jobs. Self-Insurance We are self-insured for a significant portion of our group health. The Company estimates expected losses based on statistical analyses of historical industry data, as well as our own estimates based on the Company’s actual historical data to determine required self-insurance reserves. The assumptions are closely reviewed, monitored, and adjusted when warranted by changing circumstances. The estimated accruals for these liabilities could be affected if actual experience related to the number of claims and cost per claim differs from these assumptions and historical trends. Based on the information known on December 31, 2012, we believe we have provided adequate reserves for our self-insurance exposure. As of December 31, 2012 and 2011, self-insurance reserves were $644,000 and $475,000, respectively, and were included in 65 accrued expenses in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The total amounts expensed for self- insurance during 2012, 2011, and 2010 were $4,388,000, $3,041,000, and $2,896,000, respectively, for our continuing operations, and $171,000, $311,000, and $314,000, for our discontinued operations, respectively. Stock-Based Compensation We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation.” ASC 718 requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the income statement based on their fair values. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the fair-value of stock-based awards which requires subjective assumptions. Assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted include the exercise price of the award, the expected term, the expected volatility of the Company’s stock over the option’s expected term, the risk-free interest rate over the option’s expected term, and the expected annual dividend yield. The Company’s expected term represents the period that stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding and is determined based on historical experience of similar awards, giving consideration to the contractual terms of the stock-based awards, vesting schedules, and post-vesting data. Our computation of expected volatility is based on the Company’s historical volatility from our traded common stock over the expected term of the option grants. The interest rate for periods within the expected term of the award is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. We recognize stock-based compensation expense using a straight-line amortization method over the requisite period, which is the vesting period of the stock option grant. As ASC 718 requires that stock- based compensation expense be based on options that are ultimately expected to vest, our stock-based compensation expense is reduced at an estimated forfeiture rate. Our estimated forfeiture rate is generally based on historical trends of actual forfeitures. Forfeiture rates are evaluated, and revised as necessary. Comprehensive Income The components of comprehensive income are net income and the effects of foreign currency translation adjustments. Foreign currency translation gain for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 was $1,000 as compared to a foreign currency translation loss of $3,000 for the corresponding period of 2011. Net Income (Loss) Per Share Basic earnings (loss) per share excludes any dilutive effects of stock options, warrants, and convertible preferred stock. In periods where they are anti-dilutive, such amounts are excluded from the calculations of dilutive earnings per share. The following is a reconciliation of basic net (loss) income per share to diluted net (loss) income per share for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010: 66 (Amounts in Thousands, Except for Per Share Amounts) (Loss) income per share from continuing operations attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. common stockholders (Loss) income from continuing operations Basic (loss) income per share Diluted (loss) income per share Income (loss) per share from discontinued operations attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. common stockholders Income (loss) from discontinued operations Basic income (loss) per share Diluted income (loss) per share Income per share from disposal of discontinued operations attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. common stockholders Gain on disposal of discontinued operations Basic income per share Diluted income per share $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Weighted average common shares outstanding – basic Potential shares exercisable under stock option plans Potential shares upon exercise of warrants Weighted average common shares outstanding – diluted Potential shares excluded from above weighted average share calculations due to their anti-dilutive effect include: Upon exercise of options Upon exercise of Warrants 2012 2011 2010 (6,550) $ 11,572 .21 .21 (.12) $ (.12) $ 458 .01 .01 $ $ $ 777 .01 .01  $  $  $ 56,125   56,125 1,509 .03 .03 55,295 22  55,317 $ $ $ 3,271 .06 .06 $ $ $ $ $ $ (663) (.01) (.01)    54,947 56 27 55,030 2,584  2,549 150 2,195  Fair Value of Financial Instruments Certain assets and liabilities are required to be recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, while other assets and liabilities are recorded at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Fair value is determined based on the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. The three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies, is: Level 1—Valuations based on quoted prices for identical assets and liabilities in active markets. Level 2—Valuations based on observable inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data. Level 3—Valuations based on unobservable inputs reflecting the Company’s own assumptions, consistent with reasonably available assumptions made by other market participants. Financial instruments include cash and restricted cash (Level 1), accounts receivable, accounts payable, and debt obligations (Level 3). At December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments approximated their carrying values. The fair value of the Company’s revolving credit facility approximates its carrying value due to the variable interest rate. The carrying value of our subsidiary's preferred stock is not significantly different than its fair value. 67 Subsequent Events ASC 855, “Subsequent Events”, sets forth principles and requirements to be applied to the accounting for and disclosure of subsequent events. ASC 855 sets forth the period after the balance sheet date during which management shall evaluate events or transactions that may occur for potential recognition or disclosure in the financial statements, the circumstances under which events or transactions occurring after the balance sheet date shall be recognized in the financial statements and the required disclosures about events or transactions that occurred after the balance sheet date. In accordance with ASC 855, the Company evaluated all subsequent events that arose after the balance sheet date of December 31, 2012, through the issuance date of the financial statements and identified no subsequent events that require adjustment to, or disclosure in, these financial statements except for the following: • On February 12, 2013, the Company entered into a Settlement and Release Agreement with Timios National Corporation (“TNC” – formerly known as Homeland Security Captial Corporation), in connection with the settlement of certain claims the Company made against TNC, subsequent to the acquisition of Safety and Ecology Holdings Corporation and its subsidiaries (collectively known as Safety and Ecology Corporation or “SEC”) on October 31, 2011 from TNC (see Note 3 – “Business Acquisition” and Note 18 – “Subsequent Event – Business Acquisition” for discussion of this agreement). • In connection with the resolution of the above claims, we also entered into a Settlement and Release Agreement and Amendment to Employment Agreement (“Leichtweis Settlement”) with Christopher Leichtweis, our Senior Vice President, on February 14, 2013 (see Note 18 – “Subsequent Events – Related Party Transactions” for discussion of the Leichtweis Settlement). • On March 7, 2013, PFNWR received a Notice of Intent to File Administrative Complaint, alleging certain violations regarding storage of mixed waste (see Note 18 – “Subsequent Events – Notice of Intent to File Administrative Complaint – Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc. (“PFNWR”)” for discussion of these alleged violations). Recently Adopted Accounting Standards In May 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-04 (“ASU 2011-04”), “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820) - Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in U.S. GAAP and IFRSs.” ASU 2011-04 improves comparability of fair value measurements presented and disclosed in financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”). ASU 2011-04 changes certain fair value measurement principles and enhances the disclosure requirements particularly for level 3 fair value measurements. The amendments in this guidance are to be applied prospectively, and are effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011. ASU 2011-04 did not have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flow. In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (Topic 220) - Presentation of Comprehensive Income”, to require an entity to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income, either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. ASU 2011-05 eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of equity. In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-12, “Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05” which defers the changes in ASU No. 2011-05 of the requirement to present separate line items on the income statement for reclassification adjustments of items out of accumulated other comprehensive income into net income. The effective date for ASU No. 2011-12 is consistent with the effective date for ASU No. 2011-05, which is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011, and is to be applied retrospectively, with early adoption permitted. These ASUs changed our financial statement presentation of comprehensive income but did not impact our net income, financial position, or cash flows. In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-08, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) – 68 Testing Goodwill for Impairment” that gives companies the option of performing a qualitative assessment before calculating the fair value of a reporting unit in Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test. If entities determine, on the basis of qualitative factors, that the fair value of a reporting unit is more likely than not less than the carrying amount, the two-step impairment test would be required. Otherwise, further testing would not be needed. ASU 2011-08 is effective for fiscal and interim reporting periods within those years beginning after December 15, 2011. ASU No. 2011-08 did not have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flow. In July 2012, the FASB issued ASU 2012-02, “Testing Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets for Impairment” (“ASU 2012-02”) which amends the guidance in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 350 “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other – General Intangibles Other than Goodwill” (“ASC 350-30”) on testing indefinite-lived intangible assets, other than goodwill, for impairment. Under ASU 2012-02, an entity testing an indefinite-lived intangible asset for impairment has the option of performing a qualitative assessment before calculating the fair value of the asset. If the entity determines, on the basis of qualitative factors, that the fair value of the indefinite-lived intangible asset is not more likely than not impaired, the entity would not need to calculate the fair value of the asset. The ASU does not revise the requirement to test indefinite-lived intangible assets annually for impairment. These provisions are effective for annual and interim impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after September 15, 2012, although early adoption is permitted. ASU No. 2012-02 did not have a material effect on our financial position, results of operations, or cash flow. Recently Issued Accounting Standard In February 2013, the FASB issued ASU 2013-02, "Reporting of Amounts Reclassified Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income”. This ASU requires entities to disclose the effect of items reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income on each affected net income line item. For accumulated other comprehensive income reclassification items that are not reclassified in their entirety into net income, entities are required to cross-reference to other disclosures required under U.S. GAAP that provide additional detail on these amounts. This information may be provided either in the notes or parenthetically on the face of the financials. For public entities, the guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2012 and interim periods within those years. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2013-02 to have a material impact on the Company's financial condition or results of operations. NOTE 3 BUSINESS ACQUISITION As previously reported, on October 31, 2011 (“Closing Date”), we completed the acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of Safety and Ecology Holdings Corporation (“SEHC”) and its subsidiaries, Safety & Ecology Corporation (“Safety & Ecology”), SEC Federal Services Corporation, Safety and Ecology Corporation Limited (now known as Perma-Fix UK Limited – a United Kingdom operation) and SEC Radcon Alliance, LLC (“SECRA”, which we own 75%), (collectively, “SEC”) pursuant to that certain Stock Purchase Agreement, dated July 15, 2011 (“Purchase Agreement”), between the Company, Homeland Capital Security Corporation (now known as Timios National Corporation - “TNC”) and SEHC (collectively known as the “Parties). We acquired SEC for a total consideration of approximately $16,655,000, determined based on the following discussion: (i) cash consideration of approximately $14,885,000, after certain working capital closing adjustments. This cash consideration was reduced by approximately $1,000,000 total consideration for our Common Stock purchased from us by certain security holders of TNC (see Note 15 - “Related Party Transactions – Christopher Leichtweis” for further detail of this Common Stock purchase by certain security holders of TNC, including Mr. Leichtweis, who is a senior vice president and President of SEC of the Company); (ii) $2,500,000 unsecured, non-negotiable promissory note (the “October Note”), bearing an annual rate of interest of 6%, payable in 36 monthly installments, which October Note provides that we have the right to prepay such at any time without interest or penalty. We prepaid $500,000 of the 69 principal amount of the October Note within 10 days of closing of the acquisition. Subject to certain limitations, the October Note may be subject to offset of amounts TNC owes us for indemnification for breach of, or failure to perform, certain terms and provisions of the Purchase Agreement under certain terms and conditions (see below discussion regarding cancellation of this note as result of settlement of certain indemnification claims that the Company made after the acquisition); and (iii) the sum of $2,000,000 deposited in an escrow account to satisfy any claims that we may have against TNC for indemnification pursuant to the Purchase Agreement and the Escrow Agreement, dated October 31, 2011 (“Escrow Agreement”). TNC and SEHC further agreed that if certain conditions were not met by December 31, 2011, relating to a certain contract, then the Company could withdraw $1,500,000 from the amount deposited into the escrow. On January 10, 2012, we received $1,500,000 from the escrow as certain conditions were not met under this certain contract as of December 31, 2011, leaving a balance of $500,000 in the escrow account (“Escrow Balance”). (See below for discussion as to the release of this remaining $500,000 escrow balance to TNC). Subsequent to the Closing Date, in addition to the above described $1,500,000 claim, we made additional claims against TNC for indemnification pursuant to the indemnification provisions of the Purchase Agreement, asserting breach of certain representations, warranties and covenants of TNC and SEHC (the “Disputed Claims”). On February 12, 2013, the Parties entered into a Settlement and Release Agreement (“Settlement Agreement”) to resolve (collectively, the “Subject Claims”): (a) the Disputed Claims, and (b) any other claim arising under the Purchase Agreement with respect to a breach of (i) the representations and warranties of the Parties contained in the Purchase Agreement, and (ii) certain covenants contained in the Purchase Agreement. Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, the Parties agree as follows: • • • • • • the October Note, with an principal balance of approximately $1,460,000, was cancelled, terminated and rendered null and void; the Company issued to TNC a new, two-year, non-negotiable, unsecured promissory note in the principal amount of approximately $230,000 (the “New Note”) in replacement of the October Note. The New Note bears an annual interest rate of 6%, payable in 24 monthly installments of principal and interest of approximately $10,000, with first payment due February 28, 2013; the Escrow Balance of $500,000 was released to TNC; the Parties terminated all of their rights and obligations to indemnification under the Purchase Agreement, except with respect to TNC’s covenants relating to non-complete, non-solicitation of customers and employees, confidentiality, and related remedies which will continue in full force and effect in accordance with the terms of the Purchase Agreement (the “Continuing Covenants”); the Parties terminated their rights and obligations with respect to (i) the representations, warranties, and covenants contained in the Purchase Agreement, except for the Continuing Covenants; and the Company terminated its contractual right to offset amounts owing to TNC under the Purchase Agreement to satisfy claims against TNC. In connection with the resolution of the Disputed Claims, we also entered into a Settlement and Release Agreement and Amendment to Employment Agreement (“Leichtweis Settlement”) with Christopher Leichtweis, our Senior Vice President (see discussion under Note 15 – “Related Party Transactions – Christopher Leichtweis” for a discussion of the Leichtweis Settlement). The acquisition was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting, in accordance with FASB ASC 805 – “Business Combinations.” The consideration for the acquisition was attributed to net assets on the basis of the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of October 31, 2011. The excess of the cost of the acquisition over the estimated fair values of the net tangible assets and intangible assets on the acquisition date, which amounted to $13,016,000, was allocated to goodwill which is not amortized but subject to an annual impairment test. As the acquisition was a stock transaction, none of the goodwill related to SEC is deductible for tax purposes. 70 The following table summarizes the final purchase price allocation of the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of December 31, 2012: (Amounts in thousands) Current assets Property, plant and equipment Intangible assets Goodwill Total assets acquired Current liabilities Customer contracts Non-current liabilities Total liabilities acquired Non-controlling interest Total consideration $ 21,354 2,135 4,429 13,016 40,934 (15,803) (6,015) (2,091) (23,909) (370) 16,655 $ The allocation set forth above is based on management estimates of the fair value using valuation techniques such as discounted cash flow models, appraisals and similar techniques. The amount allocated to intangible assets represents software, a non-compete agreement, customer relationships, and customer contracts. The following table summarizes the preliminary components of tangible assets acquired: (Amounts in thousands) Preliminary Fair Value Vehicles Lab equipment Office furniture and equipment Total tangible assets $ 583 1,235 317 2,135 $ Weighted Average Estimated Useful Life 5.0 years 7.0 years 4.0 years The results of operations of SEC have been included in the Company’s consolidated financial statements from the date of the closing of the acquisition, which was October 31, 2011. SEC contributed revenues of approximately $10,156,000 and net loss of $452,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2011 and revenues of $55,661,000 and net loss of $3,373,000 for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012. The Company has incurred approximately $682,000 in acquisition-related costs, of which approximately $70,000 was incurred during the twleve months ended December 31, 2012. These costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Adjustments to the initial allocation of purchase price during the measurement period require the revision of comparative prior period financial information when reissued in subsequent financial statements. The effect of measurement period adjustments to the allocation of purchase price would be as if the adjustments had been taken into account on the date of acquisition. The impact of the final purchase price allocation on the Company’s previously filed financial statements are as noted below. The following table summarizes the Company’s recast and previously reported December 31, 2011 Consolidated Balance Sheets (in thousands): 71 Assets Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts Unbilled receivables - current Prepaid and other assets Deferrred tax assets - current Goodwill Other intangible assets - net Deferred tax asset, net of liabilities Other assets Total change Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity Accounts payable Accrued expenses December 31, 2011 (1) Recast December 31, 2011 (2) Effect of Change $ 19,106 $ 16,848 $ (2,258) $ 9,871 $ 9,632 $ 4,604 $ 4,661 $ 2,426 $ 3,853 $ 27,063 $ 29,186 $ 4,258 $ 4,517 $ 1,295 $ 1,435 $ 1,595 $ 1,560 (239) 57 1,427 2,123 259 140 $ (35) 1,474 $ 13,117 $ 13,313 $ 196 $ 9,533 $ 9,434 Billing in excess of costs and estimated earnings $ 3,226 $ 6,058 Current portionof long-term debt Long-term debt, less current portion Accumulated deficit Total change $ 3,936 $ 3,521 $ 15,007 $ 14,195 $ (9,505) $ (9,733) (99) 2,832 (415) (812) $ (228) 1,474 (3) (3) (9) (4) (7) (8) (4) (9) (10) (10) (5) (6) (6) (11) (1) As previously presented in the 2011 consolidated financial statement in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10- K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011. (2) As presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements contained herein within this Form 10-K. (3) Represents additional allowance for doubtful accounts of approximately $2,213,000 recorded as a result of uncollected receivables from three major customers, reversal of $45,000 in uncollectible accounts receivables and reversal of unbilled receivables related to conditions that existed at the time of our acquisition. (4) Represents book to tax timing differences resulting from allowance for doubtful accounts and change in fair value of contracts as noted in footnote (3) and (5). (5) Represents change in fair value of two loss contracts due to change in estimated cost to complete to meet contract terms that existed as of acquisition date. (6) Resulted from termination on February 13, 2013 of the remaining portion (approximately $1,460,000) of a $2,500,000 Note (“October Note”) entered on October 31, 2011. The termination of the October Note resulted from settlement of certain claims made by the Company against TNC primarily from the breach of representation regarding the cost to complete a certain contract that existed at acquisition. A New Note in the amount of $230,000 was issued to TNC in placement of the October Note that was cancelled (see above for further discussion of the October and New Notes). (7) Reflects additional goodwill recorded since initial acquisition date in finalizing the final purchase price allocation related to acquired assets and liabilities under this business combination. (8) Reflects change in fair value of acquired contracts based on change in estimated cash flow related to approval of certain request for equitable adjustments submitted prior to acquisition. (9) Represents tax true-up and write-off of bid deposit that existed as of the acquisition date. (10) Represents expenses and unrecorded vendor invoices for services rendered prior to acquisition. 72 (11) Represents change in amortization of fair value of contracts due to change in estimated cost to complete to meet contract terms that existed as of acquisition date and the related tax effect. . The following table summarizes the Company’s recast and previously reported December 31, 2011 Consolidated Statements of Operations (in thousands): Net revenue Cost of goods sold Gross profit Income from continuing operations before income taxes Income tax benefit Income from continuing operations Net income Net income attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. common stockholders Net income per common share attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. stockholders - basic: Net income per common share attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. stockholders - diluted: For the year ended December 31, 2011 (1) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 118,610 89,822 28,788 10,845 (955) 11,800 14,086 14,064 Recast For the year ended December 31, 2011 (2) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 118,097 89,677 28,420 10,477 (1,095) 11,572 13,858 13,836 Effect of Change (3) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ (513) (145) (368) (368) 140 (228) (228) (228) $ 0.25 $ 0.25 $ - $ 0.25 $ 0.25 $ - (1) As previously presented in the 2011 consolidated financial statement in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10- K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011. (2) As presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements contained herein within this Form 10-K. (3) Represents change in amortization of fair value of contracts due to change in estimated cost to complete to meet contract terms that existed as of acquisition date and the related tax effect. The following table summarizes the Company’s recast and previously reported December 31, 2011 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (in thousands): For the year ended December 31, 2011 (1) Recast For the year ended December 31, 2011 (2) Effect of Change (3) Net Income $ 14,086 $ 13,858 $ (228) Adjustment to reconcile net income from continuing operations to cash provided by operations: Amortization of fair value of customer contracts Depreciation and amortization Deferred tax benefit Accounts payable and accrued expenses $ $ $ $ (775) 4,961 (3,090) 148 (262) $ 4,816 $ $ (3,230) $ 4 $ $ $ $ 513 (145) (140) (144) (1) As previously presented in the 2011 consolidated financial statement in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10- K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2011. (2) As presented in the accompanying consolidated financial statements contained herein within this Form 10-K. 73 (3)Represents change in amortization of fair value of contracts due to change in estimated cost to complete to meet contract terms that existed as of acquisition date and the related tax effect. The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents the combined results of operations of SEC and Perma-Fix as though the acquisition had occurred as of the beginning of the period presented below, which is January 1, 2011. The pro forma financial information does not necessarily represent the results of operations that would have occurred had SEC and Perma-Fix been a single company during the period presented, nor does management believe that the pro forma financial information presented is necessarily representative of future operating results. (Amount in thousands, except per share data) Year Ended December 31, 2011 (Unaudited) Revenue Net income from continuing operations Net income per share from continuing operations - basic Net income per share from continuing operations - diluted $ $ $ $ 193,000 4,400 .08 .08 NOTE 4 GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS The following summarizes changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by reporting segments. The $840,000 recorded in 2011 resulted from an earn-out amount that we were required to pay in connection with the acquisition of our PFNWR facility in 2007 (See Note 13 – “Commitments and Contingencies – Earn-Out Amount – Perma-Fix Northwest, Inc. (“PFNW”) and Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc. (“PFNWR”)) for information regarding this earn-out amount). We recorded $13,016,000 in goodwill within our Services Segment resulting from the acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011. As a result of the acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011, during the fourth quarter of 2011, the Company made structural and reporting changes to its internal organization and changes to its operating segments, resulting in changes to its reporting units. As a result of these changes, we reassigned approximately $3,637,000 of the $14,840,000 goodwill from our treatment operations reporting unit (in our Treatment Segment) to our CHPRC reporting unit (in our Services Segment) using a relative fair value approach in accordance with ASC 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other”. During the third quarter 2012, we reassigned approximately $2,488,000 of the $3,637,000 goodwill from the CHPRC reporting unit back to the Treatment reporting unit to correct our initial calculation completed during the fourth quarter of 2011. We did not amend our filings as this correction had no impact on our Consolidated Balance Sheet, Consolidated Statement of Operations or our cash flows (see Note 2 – “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” for further information regarding this reassignment). Goodwill (amounts in thousands)(1) Balance as of December 31, 2010 Goodwill recorded in connection with PFNWR Earn-Out Goodwill recorded in connection with SEC Acqusition Reassignment of goodwill from change in reporting unit Balance as of December 31, 2011 Balance as of December 31, 2012 (1) No impairment losses have been recorded. Treatment 14,000 $ 840  (1,149) 13,691 13,691 $ $ Services 1,330  13,016 1,149 15,495 15,495 $ Total 15,330 840 13,016  29,186 29,186 $ $ The following table summarizes changes in the carrying amount of permits. No permit exists at our Services Segment. The Company currently has only one definite-lived permit, which is at our DSSI facility. This permit of approximately $545,000 was capitalized in 2009 in connection with the authorization issued 74 by the U.S. EPA to our DSSI facility to commercially store and dispose of radioactive PCBs. This permit is being amortized over a ten year period in accordance with its estimated useful life. Permit (amount in thousands) Balance as of December 31, 2010 PCB permit amortized Permits in progress Balance as of December 31, 2011 PCB permit amortized Balance as of December 31, 2012 Treatment $ 16,863 (55) 46 16,854 (55) 16,799 $ The following table summarizes information relating to the Company’s other intangible assets: Intangibles (amount in thousands) Patent Software Non-compete agreement Customer contracts Customer relationships Total Useful Lives (Years) 8-18 3 5 0.5 12 December 31, 2012 December 31, 2011 Gross Carrying Accumulated Amortization Amount Net Carrying Amount Gross Carrying Accumulated Amortization Amount Net Carrying Amount $ $ 453 380 265 565 3,370 5,033 $ $ (105) (145) (62) (565) (546) (1,423) $ $ 348 235 203  2,824 3,610 $ $ 402 158 265 790 3,370 4,985 $ $ (77) (66) (9) (230) (86) (468) $ $ 325 92 256 560 3,284 4,517 Intangible assets recorded as a result of the acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011 included a non-compete agreement, customer relationships, customer contracts, and software which were recorded at fair market value of approximately $4,429,000 (see Note 3 – “Business Acquisition” for the purchase price allocation of SEC). The intangible assets acquired are amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful lives with the exception of customer relationships which are being amortized using an accelerated method. The following table summarizes the expected amortization over the next five years for our definite-lived intangible assets noted above and also includes the only one definite-lived permit, which is at our DSSI facility: Year 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Amount (In thousands) $ 645 602 506 429 354 2,536 $ Amortization expense relating to intangible assets for the Company was $675,000, $241,000, and $79,000 for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. The increase in amortization expense for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 was attributed primarily to amortization of intangible assets acquired from the SEC acquisition. NOTE 5 STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION We follow FASB ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation” (“ASC 718”) to account for stock- based compensation. ASC 718 requires all stock-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the income statement based on their fair values. 75 The Company has certain stock option plans under which it awards incentive and non-qualified stock options to employees, officers, and outside directors. Stock options granted to employees have either a ten year contractual term with one-fifth yearly vesting over a five year period or a six year contractual term with one-third yearly vesting over a three year period. Stock options granted to outside directors have a ten year contractual term with a vesting period of six months. On September 13, 2012, we granted an aggregate of 60,000 options from the Company’s 2003 Outside Directors Stock Plan to our five re-elected directors at our Annual Meeting of Stockholders. The options granted were for a contractual term of ten years with vesting period of six months. The exercise price of the options was $1.10 per share which was equal to our closing stock price the day preceding the grant date, pursuant to the 2003 Outside Directors Stock Plan. On July 25, 2011, we granted 300,000 Incentive Stock Options (“ISOs”) from the 2010 Stock Option Plan to Mr. James Blankenhorn, our Chief Operating Officer, which allows for the purchase of up to 300,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock at $1.57 per share. Mr. Blankenhorn’s employment with the Company became effective June 1, 2011. The options granted are for a term of six years from grant date with one-third yearly vesting over a three year period. Upon the closing of the acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011, Mr. Christopher Leichtweis (“Leichtweis”), a former officer and director of Homeland (now known as Timios National Corporation – “TNC”), was appointed a senior vice president of the Company and President of SEC pursuant to the terms of a four year employment agreement. In connection with Leichtweis’ employment on October 31, 2011, we granted Leichtweis a non-qualified stock option (the “Option”) to purchase up to 250,000 shares of our Common Stock as reported on the Nasdaq on the grant date, which was $1.35. The Option has a term of 10 years from grant date, with 25% yearly vesting over a four-year period. The Option was granted in accordance with, and is subject to, the Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement, dated October 31, 2011. The Company estimates fair value of stock options using the Black-Scholes valuation model. Assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted include the exercise price of the award, the expected term, the expected volatility of the Company’s stock over the option’s expected term, the risk-free interest rate over the option’s expected term, and the expected annual dividend yield. The fair value of the employee and director stock options granted and the related assumptions used in the Black-Scholes option pricing model used to value the options granted for fiscal year 2012, 2011, and 2010 were as follows: $ $ Weighted-average fair value per share Risk -free interest rate (1) Expected volatility of stock (2) Dividend yield Expected option life (in years) (3) Weighted-average fair value per share Risk -free interest rate (1) Expected volatility of stock (2) Dividend yield Expected option life (in years) (3) Employee Stock Option Granted For Year Ended 2012 (4) — 2011 0.82 $ 2010 (4) — $ — — — — 1.29%-1.92% 58.72%-60.02% None 6.0 Outside Director Stock Option Granted For Year Ended 2012 0.71 1.75% 56.74% None 10.0 $ $ 2011 0.94 2.29% 57.48% None 10.0 — — — — 2010 1.12 2.52% 60.69% None 10.0 (1) The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield in effect at the grant date over the expected term of the option. 76 (2) The expected volatility is based on historical volatility from our traded Common Stock over the expected term of the option. (3) The expected option life is based on historical exercises and post-vesting data. (4) No employee option grants were made in 2012 and 2010. As of December 31, 2012, we had 1,813,000 employee stock options outstanding, of which 1,425,500 are vested. The weighted average exercise price of the 1,425,500 outstanding and fully vested employee stock option is $2.06 with a remaining weighted contractual life of 1.9 years. Additionally, we had 831,000 outstanding director stock options, of which 771,000 are vested. The weighted average exercise price of the 771,000 outstanding and fully vested director stock option is $2.11 with a weighted remaining contractual life of 4.5 years. The following table summarizes stock-based compensation recognized for the fiscal year 2012, 2011, and 2010. Employee Stock Options Director Stock Options Total $ $ 2012 140,000 51,000 191,000 Year Ended 2011 246,000 99,000 345,000 $ $ $ $ 2010 276,000 67,000 343,000 We recognized stock-based compensation expense using a straight-line amortization method over the requisite period, which is the vesting period of the stock option grant. ASC 718 requires that stock-based compensation expense be based on options that are ultimately expected to vest. ASC 718 requires forfeitures to be estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. We have generally estimated forfeiture rate based on historical trends of actual forfeiture. When actual forfeitures vary from our estimates, we recognize the difference in compensation expense in the period the actual forfeitures occur or when options vest. As of December 31, 2012, we have approximately $286,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested options, of which $152,000 is expected to be recognized in 2013, $96,000 in 2014, with the remaining $38,000 in 2015. NOTE 6 CAPITAL STOCK, STOCK PLANS, WARRANTS, AND INCENTIVE COMPENSATION Stock Option Plans Effective September 13, 1993, we adopted a Non-qualified Stock Option Plan pursuant to which officers and key employees can receive long-term performance-based equity interests in the Company. The option grants under the plan are exercisable for a period of up to ten years from the date of grant at an exercise price which is not less than the market price of the Common Stock at date of grant. On September 13, 2003, the plan expired. No new options will be issued under this plan, but the options issued under the Plan prior to the expiration date will remain in effect until their respective maturity dates. Effective December 12, 1993, we adopted the 1992 Outside Directors Stock Option Plan. The Plan, as amended, authorized 500,000 shares to be issued under the Plan. This plan provides for the grant of options to purchase up to 5,000 shares of Common Stock for each of our outside directors upon re-election. The plan also provides for the grant of options to purchase up to 15,000 shares of Common Stock to each outside director upon initial election to the Board. The Plan provides that each eligible director shall receive, at such eligible director’s option, either 65% or 100% of the fee payable to such director for services rendered to us as a member of the Board in Common Stock. The number of shares of our Common Stock issuable to the eligible director shall be determined by valuing our Common Stock at 75% of its fair market value as defined by the Outside Directors Plan. On December 12, 2003, the plan expired. No new options will be issued under this plan, but the options issued under the Plan prior to the expiration date will remain in effect until their respective maturity dates. 77 Effective July 29, 2003, we adopted the 2003 Outside Directors Stock Plan, which was approved by our stockholders at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders on such date. A maximum of 1,000,000 shares of our Common Stock are authorized for issuance under this plan. The plan provides for the grant of an option to purchase up to 30,000 shares of Common Stock for each outside director upon initial election to the Board of Directors, and the grant of an option to purchase up to 12,000 shares of Common Stock upon each re- election. The options granted generally have vesting period of six months from the date of grant, with exercise price equal to the closing trade price on the date prior to grant date. The plan also provides for the issuance to each outside director a number of shares of Common Stock in lieu of 65% or 100% of the fee payable to the eligible director for services rendered as a member of the Board of Directors. The number of shares issued is determined at 75% of the market value as defined in the plan. During our Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on August 5, 2008, the stockholders approved the First Amendment to our 2003 Outside Director Stock Plan which increased from 1,000,000 to 2,000,000 the number of shares reserved for issuance under the plan. During our Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on September 13, 2012, the stockholders approved the Second Amendment to our 2003 Outside Director Stock Plan which increased from 2,000,000 to 3,000,000 the number of shares reserved for issuance under the plan. Effective July 28, 2004, we adopted the 2004 Stock Option Plan, which was approved by our stockholders at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders on such date. The plan provides for the grants of options to selected officers and employees, including any employee who is also a member of the Board of Directors of the Company. A maximum of 2,000,000 shares of our Common Stock are authorized for issuance under this plan in the form of either Incentive or Non-Qualified Stock Options. The option grants under the plan are exercisable for a period of up to 10 years from the date of grant at an exercise price of not less than market price of the Common Stock at grant date. On April 28, 2010, we adopted the 2010 Stock Option Plan, which was approved by our stockholders at the Company’s Annual Meeting of Stockholders on September 29, 2010. The Plan authorizes an aggregate grant of 1,000,000 non-qualified and incentive stock options to officers and employees (including an employee who is a member of the Board of Directors) of the Company for the purchase of up to 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock. The term of each stock option granted will be fixed by the Compensation Committee, but no stock option will be exercisable more than ten years after the grant date, or in the case of an incentive stock option granted to a 10% stockholder, five years after the grant date. The exercise price of any incentive stock option granted under the Plan to an individual who is not a 10% stockholder at the time of the grant will not be less than the fair market value of the shares at the time of the grant, and the exercise price of any incentive stock option granted to a 10% stockholder shall not be less than 110% of the fair market value at the time of grant. The exercise price of any non-qualified stock options granted under Plan will not be less than the fair market value of the shares at the time of grant. We follow FASB ASC 718 to account for employee and director stock options. See Note 5 – “Stock-Based Compensation” for further discussion on ASC 718. No employees exercised options during 2012 and 2011. During 2010, we issued an aggregate of 350,000 shares of our Common Stock upon exercise of 350,000 employee stock options, at exercise prices ranging from $1.25 to $2.19. An employee used 38,210 shares of personally held Company Common Stock as payment for the exercise of 70,000 options to purchase 70,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock at $1.25 per share, as permitted under the 1993 Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan. The 38,210 shares are held as treasury stock. The cost of the 38,210 shares was determined to be approximately $88,000 in accordance with the Plan. Total proceeds received during 2010 for option exercises was approximately $509,000. Pursuant to the terms of the Purchase Agreement between the Company, TNC, and SEHC dated July 15, 2011, upon closing of the Purchase Agreement which occurred on October 31, 2011, certain security holders of TNC (“Management Investors”) purchased 813,007 restricted shares of the Company’s Common Stock for a total consideration of approximately $1,000,000, or $1.23 a share, which was the average of the closing prices of the Company’s Common Stock as quoted on the Nasdaq during the 30 trading days ending on the trading day immediately prior to the closing of the acquisition. The purchase of the Company’s Common Stock was pursuant to a private placement under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”) or Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated under the Act. 78 We issued a total of 170,277, 149,061, and 127,276 shares of our Common Stock in 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, under our 2003 Outside Directors Stock Plan to our outside directors as compensation for serving on our Board of Directors. Effective April 1, 2012, we increased the quarterly fees paid to each of our outside directors from $6,500 to $8,000 for serving as a member of our Board of Directors. The Audit Committee Chairman receives an additional quarterly fee of $5,500 due to the position’s additional responsibility. In addition, our Research and Development Committee Chairman receives an additional quarterly fee of $1,000 due to the additional time commitment to the position. Each board member is also paid $1,000 for each board meeting attendance as well as $500 for each telephonic conference call. As a member of the Board of Directors, each director elects to receive either 65% or 100% of the director’s fee in shares of our Common Stock. The number of shares received is calculated based on 75% of the fair market value of our Common Stock determined on the business day immediately preceding the date that the quarterly fee is due. The balance of each director’s fee, if any, is payable in cash. Summary of the status of options under the Company’s total Plans and a Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement, as of December 31, 2012, 2009, and 2010, and changes during the years ending on those dates is presented below. The Company’s Plans consist of the 1993 Non-Qualified Stock Option Plan, the 2004 and 2010 Stock Option Plans, and the 1992 and 2003 Outside Directors Stock Plans: 79 2012 Weighted Average Exercise Price $ 2.18 Shares 358,000  (5,500) 352,500 352,500 Intrinsic (a) Value Shares Intrinsic (a) Value Shares 2010 Weighted Average Exercise Price Intrinsic (a) Value 2011 Weighted Average Exercise Price $ 2.00  $ — 2.19 2.18 2.18 $ — $ — 630,359  (272,359) 358,000 358,000  $ — 1.76 2.18 2.18 $ — $ — 991,359 (350,000) (11,000) 630,359 630,359 $ 1.89 1.70 1.45 2.00 $ 227,000 $ — 2.00 $ — 55,000 (40,000) 15,000 $ 2.54 2.73 2.02 $ — 85,000 (30,000) 55,000 $ 2.50 2.59 2.54 $ — 100,000 (15,000) 85,000 $ 2.38 1.69 2.50 $ — 1993 Non-qualified Stock Option Plan Balance at beginning of year Exercised Forfeited Balance at end of year Options exercisable at year end 1992 Outside Directors Stock Plan Balance at beginning of year Forfeited Balance at end of year Options exercisable at year end 15,000 2.02 $ — 55,000 2.54 $ — 85,000 2.50 $ — 2003 Outside Directors Stock Plan Balance at beginning of year Granted Balance at end of year Options exercisable at year end 2004 Stock Option Plan Balance at beginning of year Forfeited Balance at end of year 756,000 60,000 816,000 756,000 $ 2.11 1.10 2.04 $ — 666,000 90,000 756,000 $ 2.21 1.41 2.11 $ 12,600 594,000 72,000 666,000 $ 2.27 1.68 2.21 $ — 2.11 $ — 666,000 2.21 $ — 594,000 2.27 $ — 1,320,833 (410,333) 910,500 $ 2.03 1.87 2.11 $ — 1,374,166 (53,333) 1,320,833 $ 2.04 2.25 2.03 $ 18,900 1,424,166 (50,000) 1,374,166 $ 2.05 2.26 2.04 $ 30,900 Options exercisable at year end 910,500 2.11 $ — 1,280,833 2.05 $ 13,700 1,022,333 2.04 $ 14,100 2010 Stock Option Plan (b) Balance at beginning of year Granted Balance at end of year Options exercisable at year end Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement (c) Balance at beginning of year Granted Balance at end of year Options exercisable at year end 300,000  300,000 100,000 250,000  250,000 62,500 $ 1.57  1.57 $ —  $ — 1.57 1.57 300,000 300,000 $ —  $ —    $ —  1.57 $ —   $ —   $ — $ 1.35  1.35 $ —  $ — 1.35 1.35 250,000 250,000 $ 50,000  $ —    $ —  1.35 $ —   $ —   $ — (a) Represents the difference between the market price at the date of exercise or the end of the year, as applicable, and the exercise price. (b) Plan was approved in September 2010 which authorizes grants of up to an aggregate of 1,000,000 non-qualified and incentive stock options. (c) Option agreement entered into between Christopher Leichtweis, President of SEC and the Company on October 31, 2011. See Note 5 – “Stock Based Compensation” for further information on this agreement. 80 The summary of the Company’s total Plans and a Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement as of December 31, 2012, and changes during the period then ended are presented as follows: Weighted Average Exercise Price $ 1.98 1.10 ─ 1.94 1.96 Shares 3,039,833 60,000 ─ (455,833) 2,644,000 2,196,500 2,644,000 $ $ 2.08 1.96 Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term Aggregate Intrinsic Value $ $ $ $ 3.5 2.8 3.5 ─ ─ ─ ─ Options outstanding January 1, 2012 Granted Exercised Forfeited/Expired Options outstanding End of Period (1) Options Exercisable at December 31, 2012(2) Options Vested and expected to be vested at December 31, 2012 (1) Options with exercise prices ranging from $1.10 to $2.95 (2) Options with exercise prices ranging from $1.41 to $2.95 Warrants As of December 31, 2012, we have no Warrants outstanding. On May 8, 2012, the three Warrants outstanding which provided for the purchase of up to an aggregate 150,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock at $1.50 per share expired. See Note 9 – “Long-Term Debt – Promissory Note and Installment Agreement” for further information regarding the Warrants which expired. Shares Reserved At December 31, 2012, we have reserved approximately 2,644,000 shares of Common Stock for future issuance under all of the option arrangements. NOTE 7 PREFERRED STOCK ISSUANCE AND CONVERSION Series B Preferred Stock The Series B Preferred Stock is non-voting and non-convertible, has a $1.00 liquidation preference per share and may be redeemed at the option of the former stockholders of M&EC at any time for the per share price of $1.00. The holders of the Series B Preferred Stock will be entitled to receive when, as, and if declared by the Board of Directors of M&EC out of legally available funds, dividends at the rate of 5% per year per share applied to the amount of $1.00 per share, which shall be fully cumulative. We began accruing dividends for the Series B Preferred Stock in July 2002, and have accrued a total of approximately $675,000 since July 2002, of which $64,000 was accrued in each of the years ended December 31, 2003 to 2012. NOTE 8 DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS AND DIVESTITURES Our discontinued operations consist of our PFSG facility which met the held for sale criteria under ASC 360, “Property, Plant, and Equipment” on October 6, 2010. Our discontinued operations also encompass our PFFL, PFO, PFMD, PFD, and PFTS facilities, which were divested on August 12, 2011, October 14, 2011, January 8, 2008, March 14, 2008, and May 30, 2008, respectively. Our discontinued operations also include two previously closed locations, PFMI and PFM. On August 12, 2011, we completed the sale of our wholly-owned subsidiary, PFFL, pursuant to the terms of a Stock Purchase Agreement dated June 13, 2011. In consideration for the sale of 100% of the capital stock of PFFL, the buyer paid us $5,500,000 in cash at closing. The cash consideration was subject to certain working capital adjustments within one hundred twenty days after closing. Expenses related to the sale of PFFL totaled approximately $160,000, of which all have been paid. Gain on the sale of PFFL totaled approximately $1,707,000 (net of taxes of $1,067,000), which included a working capital adjustment of $185,000 recorded during the fourth quarter of 2011. The gain was recorded during the year ended December 31, 2011. 81 On October 14, 2011, we completed the sale of our wholly-owned subsidiary, PFO, pursuant to the terms of an Asset Purchase Agreement dated August 12, 2011. In consideration for such assets, the buyer paid us $2,000,000 in cash at the closing and assumed certain liabilities of PFO. The cash consideration was subject to certain working capital adjustments within one hundred twenty days after closing. Expenses related to the sale of PFO totaled approximately $37,000, of which all have been paid. Loss on the sale of PFO totaled approximately $198,000 (net of taxes of $209,000), which was recorded during the fourth quarter of 2011. No working capital adjustment was made on the sale of PFO. We continue to market our PFSG facility for sale. As required by ASC 360, based on our internal financial valuations, we concluded that no tangible asset impairments existed for PFSG as of December 31, 2012. No intangible asset exists at PFSG. The following table summarizes the results of discontinued operations for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010. The gains on disposals of discontinued operations for PFFL and PFO, net of taxes, are reported separately on our Consolidated Statements of Operations as “Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of taxes.” The operating results of discontinued operations are included in our Consolidated Statements of Operations as part of our “(Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of taxes.” Our net income for 2012 included a tax benefit of approximately $1,018,000 primarily resulting from our net operating loss and reversal of the valuation allowance related to our deferred tax asset. Amount in Thousands For The Year Ended December 31, 2011 2010 2012 Net revenue Interest Expense Operating loss from discontinued operations Income tax benefit Gain on disposal of discontined operations (1) Income (loss) from discontinued operations $ 2,204 (34) (560) (1,018) — 458 $ 6,931 (68) (366) (1,143) 1,509 2,286 $ 9,248 (84) (839) (176) — (663) (1) Net of taxes of $1,276,000 for year ended December 31, 2011. Assets related to discontinued operations totaled $2,113,000 and $2,343,000 as of December 31, 2012, and 2011, respectively, and liabilities related to discontinued operations totaled $3,341,000 and $3,972,000 as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, respectively. The following table presents the major classes of assets and liabilities of discontinued operations that are classified as held for sale as of December 31, 2012 and 2011. The held for sale assets and liabilities may differ at the closing of a sale transaction from the reported balances as of December 31, 2012: 82 (Amounts in Thousands) Accounts receivable, net (1) Inventories Other assets Property, plant and equipment, net (2) Total assets held for sale Accounts payable Accrued expenses and other liabilities Note payable Environmental liabilities Total liabilities held for sale December 31, 2012 December 31, 2011 $ $ $ $ 391 32 16 1,614 2,053 229 528 71 1,373 2,201 $ $ $ $ 385 25 22 1,650 2,082 190 577 105 1,497 2,369 (1) net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $45,000 and $48,000 as of December 31, 2012, and 2011, respectively. (2) net of accumulated depreciation of $60,000 and $62,000 as of December 31, 2012, and 2011, respectively. The following table presents the major classes of assets and liabilities of discontinued operations that are not held for sale as of December 31, 2012 and 2011: (Amounts in Thousands) December 31, 2012 December 31, 2011 Other assets Total assets of discontinued operations Accrued expenses and other liabilities Accounts payable Environmental liabilities $ $ $ Total liabilities of discontinued operations $ 60 60 884 15 241 1,140 $ $ $ $ 261 261 1,083 15 505 1,603 Environmental Liabilities We have four remediation projects, which are currently in progress at certain of our discontinued facilities. These remediation projects principally entail the removal/remediation of contaminated soil and, in most cases, the remediation of surrounding ground water. All of the remedial clean-up projects in question were an issue for that facility for years prior to our acquisition of the facility and were recognized pursuant to a business combination and recorded as part of the purchase price allocation to assets acquired and liabilities assumed. Three of the facilities (PFD, PFM, and PFSG) are RCRA permitted facilities, and as a result, the remediation activities are closely reviewed and monitored by the applicable state regulators. We recognized our best estimate of such environmental liabilities upon the acquisition of our facilities, as part of the acquisition cost. At December 31, 2012, we had total accrued environmental remediation liabilities of $1,614,000 of which $374,000 is recorded as a current liability, which reflects a decrease of $388,000 from the December 31, 2011 balance of $2,002,000. The net decrease represents payment of approximately $388,000 on remediation projects, increases in reserves of approximately $90,000 at PFD and $33,000 at PFMI and decrease in reserve of approximately $123,000 at PFSG due to reassessment of our remediation reserves. The December 31, 2012, current and long-term accrued environmental balance is recorded as follows (in thousands): 83 Current Accrual $ 7 23 343 1 $ 374 Long-term Accrual $ 92 38 1,030 80 $ 1,240 Total $ 99 61 1,373 81 $ 1,614 PFD PFM PFSG PFMI Total Liability NOTE 9 LONG-TERM DEBT Long-term debt consists of the following at December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011: (Amounts in Thousands) Revolving Credit facility dated October 31, 2011, borrowings based upon eligible accounts receivable, subject to monthly borrowing base calculation, variable interest paid monthly at option of prime rate (3.25% at December, 2012) plus 2.0% or London InterBank Offer Rate ("LIBOR") plus 3.0%, balance due October 31, 2016. Effective interest rate for 2012 and 2011 was 3.8% and 4.4%, respectively. (1) (2) Term Loan dated October 31, 2011, payable in equal monthly installments of principal of $190, balance due in October 31, 2016, variable interest paid monthly at option of prime rate plus 2.5% or LIBOR plus 3.5%. Effective interest rate for 2012 and 2011 was 3.9% and 4.2%, respectively. (1) (2) Promissory Note dated April 18, 2011, payable in monthly installments of principal of $83 starting May 8, 2011, balance due April 8, 2012, variable interest paid monthly at LIBOR plus 4.5%, with LIBOR at least 1.5%.(3) (4) (5) Promissory Note dated September 28, 2010, payable in 36 monthly equal installments of $40, which includes interest and principal, beginning October 15, 2010, interest accrues at annual rate of 6.0% (5) Promissory Note dated October 31, 2011, payable in monthly installments of $76, which includes interest and principal, starting November 15, 2011, interest accrues at annual rate of 6.0%, balance due May 15, 2014. (5) (6) Various capital lease and promissory note obligations, payable 2013 to 2014, interest at rates ranging from 5.2% to 8.0%.(7) Less current portion of long-term debt Less long-term debt related to assets held for sale December 31, 2012 December 31, 2011 $ — $ — 13,524 15,810 — 318 352 798 — 391 14,267 2,794 71 11,402 $ $ 636 259 17,821 3,521 105 14,195 (1) Our Revolving Credit facility is collateralized by our accounts receivable and our Term Loan is collateralized by our property, plant, and equipment. (2) On October 31, 2011, the Company entered into an “Amended and Restated Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement” with PNC Bank. Under the original credit facility with PNC dated December 22, 2000, as amended, variable interest was determined based on the options as noted; however, variable interest under the LIBOR option provided for a minimum floor base of 1.0% for both our Revolving Credit and Term Loan from January 1, 2011 to October 30, 2011. (3) Original promissory note dated May 8, 2009 of $3,000,000 was modified on April 18, 2011, with principal balance of approximately $990,000. See “Promissory Notes and Installment Agreements” below for terms of original and amended promissory notes and the final payment made on the note. 84 (4) Net of debt discount of ($0) and ($117,000) for December 31, 2012 and December 31, 2011, respectively. See “Promissory Notes and Installment Agreements” below for additional information. (5) Uncollateralized note. (6) Promissory note entered into in connection with acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011. See “Promissory Notes and Installment Agreements” below for cancellation and termination of the October 31. 2011 note in connection with settlement with TNC regarding certain claims that the Company asserted against TNC subsequent to the acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011. (7) Includes the $230,000 New Note issued to TNC on February 12, 2013 as discussed in Note 3 - “Business Combination.” This note was issued to replace the remaining balance of $1,460,000 of the $2,500,000 October Note issued on October 31, 2012 in connection with the acquisition of SEC. The remaining balance of the $1,460,000 October Note was cancelled and terminated on February 12, 2013, in connection with settlement with TNC regarding certain claims that the Company asserted against TNC subsequent to the acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011. Revolving Credit and Term Loan Agreement On October 31, 2011, in connection with the acquisition of SEC, we entered into an Amended and Restated Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, dated October 31, 2011 (“Amended Loan Agreement”), with PNC Bank, National Association (“PNC”), acting as agent and lender, replacing our previous Loan Agreement with PNC. The Amended Loan Agreement provides us with the following credit facilities: • up to $25,000,000 revolving credit facility (“Revolving Credit”), subject to the amount of borrowings based on a percentage of eligible receivables. The revolving credit advances are subject to limitations of an amount up to the sum of (a) up to 85% of Commercial Receivables aged 90 days or less from invoice date, (b) up to 85% of Commercial Broker Receivables aged up to 120 days from invoice date, (c) up to 85% of acceptable Government Agency Receivables aged up to 150 days from invoice date, and (d) up to 50% of acceptable unbilled amounts aged up to 60 days, less (e) reserves the Agent reasonably deems proper and necessary; • • a term loan (“Term Loan”) of $16,000,000, which requires monthly installments of approximately $190,000 (based on a seven-year amortization); and equipment line of credit up to $2,500,000, subject to certain limitations. The Amended Loan Agreement terminates as of October 31, 2016, unless sooner terminated. We have the option of paying an annual rate of interest due on the revolving credit facility at prime plus 2% or London Inter Bank Offer Rate (“LIBOR”) plus 3% and the term loan and equipment credit facilities at prime plus 2.5% or LIBOR plus 3.5%. As a condition of the Amended Loan Agreement, we paid the remaining balance due under the term loan under our previous Loan Agreement, totaling approximately $3,833,000, using our credit facilities under the Amended Loan Agreement. In connection with the Amended Loan Agreement, we paid PNC a fee of $217,500 and incurred other direct costs of approximately $298,000 (of which $33,000 was incurred in 2012), all of which are being amortized over the term of the Amended Loan Agreement as interest expense – financing fees. As a result of the termination of the original Loan Agreement with PNC, we recorded approximately $91,000 during the fourth quarter of 2011 in loss on extinguishment of debt in accordance with ASC 470-50, “Debt – Modifications and Extinguishments.” As of December 31, 2012, the excess availability under our revolving credit was $10,146,000, based on our eligible receivables. Pursuant to the Amended Loan Agreement, we may terminate the Amended Loan Agreement upon 90 days’ prior written notice and upon payment in full of our obligations under the Amended Loan Agreement. We agreed to pay PNC 1.0% of the total financing in the event we pay off our obligations on or before October 31, 2012 and 0.5% of the total financing if we pay off our obligations after October 31, 2012, but prior to or 85 on October 31, 2013. No early termination fee shall apply if we pay off our obligations under the Amended Loan Agreement after October 31, 2013. On November 7, 2012, we entered into an Amendment to our Amended Loan Agreement. This Amendment provided for the exclusion of approximately $700,000 in certain costs related to the acquisition and $1,600,000 of of costs incurred related to certain contracts assumed in connection with the acquisition of SEC, in calculating the fixed charge ratio commencing September 30, 2012. The minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.25 to 1.0 for the four quarter period endings as of the each of the fiscal quarters remains unchanged. As a condition of this Amendment, we agreed to pay PNC a fee of $15,000, which is being amortized over the term of the Amended Loan Agreement. All other terms of the Amended Loan Agreement remain principally unchanged. Promissory Notes and Installment Agreements The Company had a promissory note dated May 8, 2009, with William N. Lampson and Diehl Rettig (collectively, the “Lenders”) for $3,000,000, which was amended on April 18, 2011 (“Amended Note”). Pursuant to the Amended Note, the remaining principal balance on the promissory note of approximately $990,000 was repaid in twelve monthly principal payments of approximately $82,500 plus accrued interest, starting May 8, 2011, with interest payable at the same rate of the original loan, which was LIBOR plus 4.5%, with LIBOR at least 1.5%. The Lenders were former shareholders of Nuvotec USA, Inc. (now known as (“n/k/a”) Perma-Fix Northwest, Inc. (“PFNW”)) prior to our acquisition of PFNW and Pacific EcoSolution, Inc. (“PEcoS”) (n/k/a Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc. (“PFNWR”)) and are also stockholders of the Company, having received shares of our Common Stock in connection with our acquisition of PFNW and PFNWR. As consideration of the Company receiving the loan dated May 8, 2009, we issued a Warrant to Mr. Lampson (“Lampson Warrant”) and a Warrant to Mr. Diehl to purchase up to 135,000 and 15,000 shares, respectively, of the Company’s Common Stock at an exercise price of $1.50 per share. We also issued to them an aggregate of 200,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock, with Mr. Lampson receiving 180,000 shares and Mr. Rettig receiving 20,000 shares. In connection with the April 18, 2011 Amended Note, the expiration date of the Warrants were extended to May 8, 2012 from May 8, 2011 (Mr. Rettig is deceased; accordingly, the amended Warrant and the note payments were held by and paid to his personal representative/estate). During 2011, Mr. Robert L. Ferguson, a member of our Board of Directors who did not stand for re-election at our 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on September 13, 2012, acquired from Mr. William Lampson one-half of the Lampson Warrant (see Note 15 – “Related Party Transaction – Mr. Robert L. Ferguson”). The Company made the final payment on the note in April 2012. The Warrants as discussed above were not exercised and expired on May 8, 2012. The debt discount recorded in connection with the Common Stock and Warrants was fully amortized by April 2012 The promissory note included an embedded Put Option (“Put”) that could have been exercised upon default, whereby the lender had the option to receive a cash payment equal to the amount of the unpaid principal balance plus all accrued and unpaid interest, or the number of whole shares of our Common Stock equal to the outstanding principal balance. The maximum number of payoff shares was restricted to less than 19.9% of the outstanding equity. We concluded that the Put should have been bifurcated at inception. We determined that the Put had nominal value at inception and during its life; therefore, no liability was recorded prior to its expiration date. In connection with the acquisition of SEC, as partial consideration of the purchase price, we entered into a $2,500,000 unsecured, non-negotiable promissory note (the “October Note”) on October 31, 2011, bearing an annual rate of interest of 6%, payable in 36 monthly installments, with TNC. The October Note provides that we have the right to prepay such at any time without interest or penalty. We prepaid $500,000 of the principal amount of the October Note within 10 days of closing of the acquisition. Under certain conditions, the October Note is subject to offset of amounts TNC owes us under certain terms and provisions of the Purchase Agreement and the October Note. Starting with the July 15, 2012 installment payments, our monthly installment payments consisted of interest payment only as we believed we had certain claims against TNC for breach of certain representations and covenant subsequent to our acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2012. As settlement of the aforementioned claims, the October Note was cancelled and terminated on February 12, 2013. A net reduction adjustment of approximately $1,230,000 was recorded 86 retrospectively as part of our final purchase price allocation of SEC in connection with this note settlement (see Note 3 – “Business Acquisition” for further information of this settlement with TNC). The October Note payable to SEC included an embedded conversion option (“Conversion Option”) that can be exercised upon default, whereby TNC has the option to convert the unpaid portion of the Note into a number of whole shares of our restricted Common Stock. The number of shares of our restricted Common Stock to be issuable under the Conversion Option is determined by the principal amount owing under the Note at the time of default plus all accrued and unpaid interest and expenses (as defined) divided by the average of the closing price per share of our Common Stock as reported by the primary national securities exchange on which our Common Stock is traded during the 30 consecutive trading day period ending on the trading day immediately prior to receipt by us of TNC’s written notice of its election to receive our Common Stock as a result of the event of default by us, with the number of shares of our Common Stock issuable upon such default subject to certain limitations. We concluded that the Conversion Option had nominal value up to the termination of the October Note. On September 28, 2010, the Company entered into a promissory note in the principal amount of $1,322,000, with the former shareholders of Nuvotec in connection with an earn-out amount that we are required to pay upon meeting certain conditions for each earn-out measurement year ended June 30, 2008 to June 30, 2011, as a result of our acquisition of PFNW and PFNWR. Interest is accrued at an annual interest rate of 6%. The promissory note provides for 36 equal monthly payments of approximately $40,000, consisting of interest and principal, starting October 15, 2010. The promissory note may be prepaid at any time without penalty. See further details of the earn-out amount in Note 13 – “Commitments and Contingencies - Earn- Out Amount.” The following table approximates amount of the maturities of long-term debt maturing in future years as of December 31, 2012 of our continuing operations (in thousands): Year ending December 31: 2013 2014 2015 2016 Total $ $ 2,794 2,440 2,296 6,666 14,196 Debt related to assets held for sale totals $71,000 at December 31, 2012, and is due as follows: $36,000 in 2013 and $35,000 in 2014. Capital Leases The following table lists future maturities of the capital leases as of December 31, 2012 of our continuing operations (in thousands): 87 Year ending December 31: 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 Total Minimum Lease Payments Less amount representing interest (effective interest rate of 6.50%) Less estimated executory costs Less current installments of obligations under capital leases Net minimum lease payments Captial Leases $ 53 37 ― ― ― 90 (5) ― 85 53 Obligations under capital leases excluding current installments $ 32 As of December 31, 2012, total debt related to assets held for sale noted above were all capital leases and are due as noted above. NOTE 10 ACCRUED EXPENSES Accrued expenses at December 31 include the following (in thousands): Salaries and employee benefits Accrued sales, property and other tax Interest payable Insurance payable Other Total accrued expenses $ $ 2012 4,430 375 29 978 442 6,254 2011 6,348 506 96 1,462 1,022 9,434 $ $ The Company has discretionary individual Management Incentive Plans (“MIPs”) for our CEO, CFO, COO, and SEC President. Each 2012 MIP authorizes the Compensation Committee to recommend a cash incentive bonus to the executive for performance during the 2012 calendar year, if the Compensation Committee determined, in its sole discretion, that such bonus compensation is appropriate based on the considerations enumerated in each 2012 MIP relating to Company performance and the executive’s individual performance during 2012. Each 2012 MIP is discretionary and payable only if recommended by the Company’s Compensation Committee and approved by the Board of Directors at the Company’s fiscal year end (the SEC’s President’s MIP contains a gross profit target component but this target was not met during fiscal year 2012). As payment under each of the 2012 MIPs is discretionary and do not contain quantitative targets (with the exception of the gross profit targt under the SEC President’s) no performance incentive payments under the 2012 MIPs have been recommended by the Compensation Committee as of December 31, 2012. NOTE 11 ACCRUED CLOSURE COSTS We accrue for the estimated closure costs as determined pursuant to Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (“RCRA”) guidelines for all fixed-based regulated facilities, even though we do not intend to or have present plans to close any of our existing facilities. The permits and/or licenses define the waste, which may be received at the facility in question, and the treatment or process used to handle and/or store the waste. In addition, the permits and/or licenses specify, in detail, the process and steps that a hazardous 88 waste or mixed waste facility must follow should the facility be closed or cease operating as a hazardous waste or mixed waste facility. Closure procedures and cost calculations in connection with closure of a facility are based on guidelines developed by the federal and/or state regulatory authorities under RCRA and the other appropriate statutes or regulations promulgated pursuant to the statutes. The closure procedures are very specific to the waste accepted and processes used at each facility. We recognize the closure cost as a liability on the balance sheet. Since all our facilities are acquired facilities, the closure cost for each facility was recognized pursuant to a business combination and recorded as part of the purchase price allocation of fair value to identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The closure calculation is increased annually for inflation based on RCRA guidelines, and for any approved changes or expansions to the facility, which may result in either an increase or decrease in the approved closure amount. Changes to reported closure liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2012, were as follows: Amounts in thousands Balance as of December 31, 2010 Accretion expense Payments Adjustments Balance as of December 31, 2011 Accretion expense Payments Adjustments Balance as of December 31, 2012 $ $ 12,362 79 ― (504) 11,937 185 (773) ― 11,349 The adjustment to the obligation in 2011 was due to a change in the the estimated closure for our PFNWR facility. The decrease in closure accrual in 2012 included approximately $773,000 of costs incurred in connection with the closure of a processing unit at our PFNWR facility. NOTE 12 INCOME TAXES The components of current and deferred federal and state income tax expense (benefit) for continuing operations for the years ended December 31, consisted of the following (in thousands): Federal income tax (benefit) expense - current Federal income tax expense (benefit) - deferred State income tax expense (benefit) - current State income tax expense (benefit) - deferred Total income tax expense (benefit) 2012 (576) 1,527 196 103 1,250 $ $ 2011 2,043 (2,692) 92 (538) (1,095) $ $ 2010 112 1,717 (85) 102 1,846 $ $ We had temporary differences and net operating loss carry forwards from both our continuing and discontinued operations, which gave rise to deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, as follows (in thousands): 89 Deferred tax assets: Net operating losses Environmental and closure reserves Impairment of assets Investment Other Tax credit Deferred tax liabilities: Depreciation and amortization Prepaid expenses Valuation allowance Net deferred income tax asset Reserve for uncertain tax positions Net total deferred income tax asset 2012 8,621 4,740 505 (59) 3,798 869 (8,124) (16) 10,334 (5,729) 4,605 (1,949) 2,656 2011 4,425 5,047 7,679 197 2,946 ― (9,167) (46) 11,081 (7,360) 3,721 ― 3,721 $ $ $ $ An overall reconciliation between the expected tax expense (benefit) using the federal statutory rate of 34% and the provision (benefit) for income taxes from continuing operations as reported in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations is provided below. Tax (benefit) expense at statutory rate State tax (benefit) expense, net of federal benefit Previously unrecorded state tax benefit Permanent items Other Reserve for uncertain tax position Write-off of deferred tax asset (Decrease) increase in valuation allowance Income tax expense (benefit) 2012 (1,847) (131) ― 110 (23) 1,949 1,375 (183) 1,250 $ $ $ $ 2011 2010 3,557 35 ― 150 (377) ― ― (4,460) (1,095) $ $ 1,740 (56) (173) 61 (1,369) ― ― 1,643 1,846 The provision for income taxes is determined in accordance with ASC 740, “Income Taxes”. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for future tax consequences attributed to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted income tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Any effect on deferred income tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company regularly assesses the likelihood that the deferred tax asset will be recovered from future taxable income. The Company considers projected future taxable income and ongoing tax planning strategies, then records a valuation allowance to reduce the carrying value of the net deferred income taxes to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized. In 2012, 2011 and 2010, we determined that it was more likely than not that approximately $2,656,000, $3,721,000 and $554,000, respectively, of deferred income tax assets will be realized based, primarily, on profitable historic results and projections of future taxable income. Our valuation allowance (decreased) increased by approximately ($183,000), ($4,460,000) and $1,643,000 for the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. We have estimated net operating loss carryforwards (NOLs) for federal and state income tax purposes of approximately $17,877,000 and $46,281,000, respectively, as of December 31, 2012. These net operating losses can be carried forward and applied against future taxable income, if any, and expire in various amounts through 2021. However, as a result of various stock offerings and certain acquisitions, the use of these NOLs will be limited under the provisions of Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as 90 amended. Additionally, NOLs may be further limited under the provisions of Treasury Regulation 1.1502- 21 regarding Separate Return Limitation Years. Included in the Company’s income tax expense for 2012 is approximately $1,375,000 attributed to deferred tax assets that, based upon new information obtained by management, would not be realizable by the Company. The Company accounts for uncertainties in income taxes pursuant to ASC 740 (formerly FASB interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainties in Income Taxes – an Interpretation of FASB Statement No, 109”) (“FIN 48”). The guidance prescribes a comprehensive model for the financial statement recognition, measurement, classification and disclosure of uncertain tax positions. In the first of the two-step process prescribed in the interpretation, the Company evaluates the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including the resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. In the second step, the Company measures the tax benefit at the percentage that is cumulatively greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement with the relevant tax authorities. The Company recorded a charge to income tax expense of approximately $1,949,000 related to an uncertain tax position in 2012. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of our unrecognized tax expense is summarized as follows (in thousands): Balances at beginning of year Addition related to current year tax position Balances at end of the year 2012 2011 2010 $ $ ― $ 1,949 1,949 $ ― $ ― ― $ ― ― ― The Company does not include interest and penalties related to income taxes, including unrecognized tax expenses, within the provision for income taxes. Based on information available as of December 31, 2012, it is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefit of $1,949,000 could decrease over the next 12 months as the Company completes its final gathering of the necessary documentation required by the taxing authorities to substantiate this income tax deduction and file its 2012 tax returns. In many cases, the Company’s unrecognized tax benefits are related to tax years that remain subject to examination by the relevant tax authorities. The earliest tax years that remain subject to examination are year 2009 for U.S. Federal and 2008 for other U.S. state and local jurisdictions. NOTE 13 COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Hazardous Waste In connection with our waste management services, we handle both hazardous and non-hazardous waste, which we transport to our own, or other, facilities for destruction or disposal. As a result of disposing of hazardous substances, in the event any cleanup is required, we could be a potentially responsible party for the costs of the cleanup notwithstanding any absence of fault on our part. Legal Matters In the normal course of conducting our business, we are involved in various litigations. We are not a party to any litigation or governmental proceeding which our management believes could result in any judgments or fines against us that would have a material adverse affect on our financial position, liquidity or results of future operations. 91 Earn-Out Amount – Perma-Fix Northwest, Inc. (“PFNW”) and Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc. (“PFNWR”) In connection with the acquisition of PFNW and PFNWR in June 2007, we were required to pay to those former shareholders of Nuvotec (which includes Mr. Robert L. Ferguson, a member of our Board of Directors who did not stand for re-election at our 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on September 13, 2012 – see Note 15 – “Related Party Transactions – Mr. Robert L. Ferguson”) an earn-out amount upon meeting certain conditions for each measurement year ended June 30, 2008 to June 30, 2011, with the aggregate of the full earn-out amount not to exceed $4,552,000, pursuant to the Merger Agreement, as amended (“Agreement”). As of December 31, 2012, an aggregate earn-out amount of $3,896,000 has been paid or is payable as follows: (i) $2,574,000 in cash; and (ii) we issued a promissory note, dated September 28, 2010, in the principal amount of $1,322,000, payable in thirty six equal monthly payments of approximately $40,000 consisting of interest and principal, starting October 15, 2010. The total $3,896,000 in earn-out amount paid to date or to be paid pursuant to the promissory note excludes approximately an aggregate $656,000 in Offset Amount, which represents an indemnification obligation (as defined by the Merger Agreement) which is payable or may be payable to the Company by the former shareholders of Nuvotec. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the aggregate amount of any Offset Amount may total up to $1,000,000, except an Offset Amount is unlimited as to indemnification relating to liabilities for taxes, misrepresentation or inaccuracies with respect to the capitalization of Nuvotec or PEcoS or for willful or reckless misrepresentation of any representation, warranty or covenant. The $656,000 Offset Amount (which was recorded as part of the purchase price allocation of PFWNR) represents approximately $93,000 relating to an excise tax issue and a refund request from a PEcoS customer in connection with services for waste treatment prior to our acquisition of PFNWR and PFNW and an anticipated Offset Amount of $563,000 in connection with the receipt of nonconforming waste at the PFNWR facility prior to our acquisition of PFNWR and PFNW. We are currently involved in litigation with the party that delivered the nonconforming waste to the facility prior to our acquisition of PFNWR and PFNW. Pension Liability We had a pension withdrawal liability of $301,000 at December 31, 2012, based upon a withdrawal letter received from Central States Teamsters Pension Fund (“CST”), resulting from the termination of the union employees at PFMI and a subsequent actuarial study performed. In August 2005, we received a demand letter from CST, amending the liability to $1,629,000, and provided for the payment of $22,000 per month, including interest at 8% per annum, over an eight year period. Insurance The Company has a 25-year finite risk insurance policy entered into in June 2003 with Chartis, a subsidiary of American International Group, Inc. (“AIG”), which provides financial assurance to the applicable states for our permitted facilities in the event of unforeseen closure. Prior to obtaining or renewing operating permits, we are required to provide financial assurance that guarantees to the states that in the event of closure, our permitted facilities will be closed in accordance with the regulations. The policy, as amended, provides for a maximum allowable coverage of $39,000,000 and has available capacity to allow for annual inflation and other performance and surety bond requirements. We have made all of the required payments for this finite risk insurance policy, as amended, of which the last two payments ($1,073,000 and $1,054,000) were made in the first quarter of 2012. Fourteen payments totaling $18,305,000 have been made for this policy of which $14,472,000 has been deposited into a sinking fund account which represents a restricted cash account; $2,883,000 represented full/terrorism premium; and $950,000 represented fee payable to Chartis. As of December 31, 2012, our financial assurance coverage amount under this policy totaled approximately $37,524,000. We have recorded $15,382,000 in our sinking fund related to the policy noted above in other long term assets on the accompanying balance sheets, which includes interest earned of $911,000 on the sinking fund as of December 31, 2012. Interest income for twelve months ended December 31, 2012, was approximately $30,000. On the fourth and subsequent anniversaries of the contract inception, we may elect to terminate this contract. If we so elect, Chartis is obligated to pay us an amount equal to 100% of the sinking fund account balance in return for complete releases of liability from both us and any applicable regulatory agency using this policy as an instrument to comply with financial assurance requirements. 92 In August 2007, we entered into a second finite risk insurance policy for our PFNWR facility with Chartis. The policy provided an initial $7,800,000 of financial assurance coverage with an annual growth rate of 1.5%, which at the end of the four year term policy, provides maximum coverage of $8,200,000. We have made all of the required payments on this policy, totaling $7,158,000, of which $5,700,000 has been deposited into a sinking fund account and $1,458,000 represented premium. As of December 31, 2012, we have recorded $5,890,000 in our sinking fund related to this policy in other long term assets on the accompanying balance sheets, which includes interest earned of $190,000 on the sinking fund as of December 31, 2012. Interest income for the twelve months ended December 31, 2012 totaled approximately $3,000. This policy is renewed annually at the end of the four year term with a nominal fee for the variance between the policy and coverage requirement. We renewed this policy in 2011 and 2012 with an annual fee of $46,000. All other terms of the policy remain substantially unchanged. Operating Leases We lease certain facilities and equipment under operating leases. The following table lists future minimum rental payments as of December 31, 2012 under these leases for our continuing operations (in thousands): Year ending December 31: 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 beyond 2017 Total $ 883 802 733 587 529 174 3,708 $ We have no future minimum rental payment requirement for our discontinued operations as of December 31, 2012. Total rent expense was $1,569,000, $1,289,000, and $1,025,000 for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively for our continuing operations. These amounts included payments on non-cancelable operating leases of approximately $972,000, $762,000, and $653,000 for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. The remaining rent expense was for non-contractual monthly and daily rentals of specific use vehicles, machinery and equipment. Total rent expense was $42,000, $239,000, and $269,000 for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively for our discontinued operations. These amounts included payments on non-cancelable operating leases of approximately $5,000, $135,000, and $216,000, respectively. The remaining rent expense was for non- contractual monthly and daily rentals of specific use vehicles, machinery and equipment. NOTE 14 PROFIT SHARING PLAN We adopted a 401(k) Plan in 1992, which is intended to comply with Section 401 of the Internal Revenue Code and the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. All full-time employees who have attained the age of 18 are eligible to participate in the 401(k) Plan. Eligibility is immediate upon employment but enrollment is only allowed during two yearly open periods of January 1 and July 1. Participating employees may make annual pretax contributions to their accounts up to 100% of their compensation, up to a maximum amount as limited by law. We, at our discretion, may make matching contributions of 25% based on the employee’s elective contributions. Our contributions vest over a period of five years. We contributed $348,000, $432,000, and $431,000, in matching funds during 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. Effective June 15, 2012, we suspended our matching contribution in an effort to reduce costs in light of the recent economic environment. We will evaluate the reversal of this suspension as the economic environment improves. 93 NOTE 15 RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS Mr. Robert Schreiber, Jr. During March 2011, we entered into a lease with Lawrence Properties LLC, a company jointly owned by Robert Schreiber, Jr., the President of Schreiber, Yonley and Associates, and Mr. Schreiber’s spouse. Mr. Schreiber is a member of our executive management team. The lease is for a term of five years starting June 1, 2011. Under the lease, we pay monthly rent of approximately $11,400, which we believe is lower than costs charged by unrelated third party landlords. Additional rent will be assessed for any increases over the new lease commencement year for property taxes or assessments and property and casualty insurance premiums. Mr. David Centofanti Mr. David Centofanti serves as our Director of Information Services. For such services, he received total compensation in 2012 of approximately $165,000. Mr. David Centofanti is the son of our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of our Board, Dr. Louis F. Centofanti. We believe the compensation received by Mr. Centofanti for his technical expertise which he provides to the Company is competitive and comparable to compensation we would have to pay to an unaffiliated third party with the same technical expertise. Mr. Robert L. Ferguson Mr. Robert Ferguson was nominated to serve as a Director in connection with the closing of the acquisition of Nuvotec (now known as Perma-Fix Northwest, Inc. (“PFNW”)) and its wholly owned subsidiary, Pacific EcoSolutions, Inc. (“PEcoS”) (now known as Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc. (“PFNWR”)) in June 2007 and subsequently elected as a Director at our Annual Meeting of Shareholders held in August 2007. At the time of the acquisition, Mr. Ferguson was the Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and individually or through entities controlled by him, the owner of approximately 21.29% of Nuvotec’s outstanding Common Stock. Mr. Ferguson served as a director until his resignation in February 2010. Mr. Ferguson was recommended by the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee and the Board of Directors nominated Mr. Ferguson to stand for election as a Director at our 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, at which time he was elected as a Director. See discussion under Note 9 – “Long-Term Debt – Promissory Notes and Installment Agreements” and Note 13 – “Commitment and Contingencies – Earn-Out Amount – PFNW and PFNWR” as to payments that have been made or are required to be made as a result of the acquisition to the former shareholders of PFNWR and PFNW. Mr. Ferguson elected not to stand for re- election at the Company’s 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on September 13, 2012. Christopher Leichtweis The Company is obligated to make lease payments of approximately $29,000 per month through June 2018, pursuant to a Lease Agreement, dated June 1, 2008 (the “Lease”), between Leichtweis Enterprises, LLC, as lessor, and Safety and Ecology Holdings Corporation (“SEHC”), as lessee. Leichtweis Enterprises, LLC, is owned by Mr. Christopher Leichtweis (“Leichtweis”), who was named as a Senior Vice President of the Company and President of SEC upon the acquisition of SEHC and its subsidiaries by the Company from TNC on October 31, 2011. The Lease covers SEC’s principal offices in Knoxville, Tennessee. Under an agreement of indemnity (“Indemnification Agreement”), SEC, Leichtweis and his spouse (“Leichtweis Parties”), jointly and severally, agreed to indemnify the individual surety with respect to contingent liabilities that may be incurred by the individual surety under certain of SEC’s bonded projects. In addition, SEC has agreed to indemnify Leichtweis Parties against judgments, penalties, fines, and expense associated with those SEC performance bonds that Leichtweis Parties have agreed to indemnify in the event SEC cannot perform, which has an aggregate bonded amount of approximately $10,900,000. The Indemnification Agreement provided by SEC to the Leichtweis Parties also provides for compensating the Leichtweis Parties at a rate of 0.75% of the value of the bonds (60% having been paid previously and the balance at substantial completion of the contract) (See Note 18 – “Subsequent Events – Related Party Transactions” for termination of the Indemnifcation Agreement). 94 Upon the closing of the acquisition of SEC by the Company from TNC on October 31, 2011, certain security holders of TNC (“Management Investors”) purchased 813,007 restricted shares of the Company’s Common Stock for a total consideration of approximately $1,000,000, or $1.23 a share, which was the average of the closing prices of the Company’s Common Stock as quoted on the Nasdaq during the 30 trading days ending on the trading day immediately prior to the closing of the acquisition. The purchase of the Company’s Common Stock was pursuant to a private placement under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”) or Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated under the Act. Mr. Leichtweis purchased 747,112 of the 813,007 shares of the Company’s Common Stock for the aggregate purchase price of approximately $918,948 or $1.23 per share. The purchase price for these shares was deducted from the consideration paid to TNC for the acquisition of SEC. Employment Agreements We have an employment agreement with each of Dr. Centofanti (our President and Chief Executive Officer), Ben Naccarato (our Chief Financial Officer), James Blankenhorn (our Chief Operating Officer) and Christopher Leichtweis (our Senior Vice President and President of SEC). Each employment agreement provides for annual base salaries, bonuses, and other benefits commonly found in such agreements. In addition, each employment agreement provides that in the event of termination of such officer without cause or termination by the officer for good reason (as such terms are defined in the employment agreement), the terminated officer shall receive payments of an amount equal to benefits that have accrued as of the termination but not yet paid, plus an amount equal to one year’s base salary at the time of termination. In addition, the employment agreements provide that in the event of a change in control (as defined in the employment agreements), all outstanding stock options to purchase our common stock granted to, and held by, the officer covered by the employment agreement are to be immediately vested and exercisable (see Note 18 – “Subsequent Events – Related Party Transactions” for amendment to Mr. Leichtweis’s employment agreement). NOTE 16 SEGMENT REPORTING In accordance to ASC 280, “Segment Reporting”, we define an operating segment as a business activity: • from which we may earn revenue and incur expenses; • whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Officer to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its performance; and • for which discrete financial information is available. We currently have two reporting segments, Treatment and Services Segments, which are based on a service offering approach. This, however, excludes corporate headquarters, which does not generate revenue, and our discontinued operations, which includes all facilities as discussed in “Note 8 – Discontinued Operations and Divestitures.” The table below shows certain financial information of our reporting segments for 2012, 2011, and 2010 (in thousands). 95 Segment Reporting as of and for the year ended December 31, 2012 Treatment Services Segments Total Corporate And Other Consolidated Total (2) Revenue from external customers Intercompany revenues Gross profit Interest income Interest expense Interest expense-financing fees Depreciation and amortization Segment (loss) profit Segment assets(1) Expenditures for segment assets Total debt $ 45,882 1,785 9,268 $ 81,627 845 6,536 $ 127,509 (3) 2,630 15,804 $ —      9 12 21    4,448 (450) 75,405 263 85 949 1,474 36,120 145 5 5,397 1,024 111,525 408 90 41 797 107 73 (7,574) 29,506 4 14,106 (4) (5) $ 127,509  15,804 41 818 107 5,470 (6,550) 141,031 412 14,196 Segment Reporting as of and for the year ended December 31, 2011 Revenue from external customers Intercompany revenues Gross profit Interest income Interest expense Interest expense-financing fees Depreciation and amortization Segment profit (loss) Segment assets(1) Expenditures for segment assets Total debt Treatment Services Segments Total Corporate And Other Consolidated Total (2) $ 65,836 1,928 21,299 $ 52,261 585 7,121 $ 118,097 (3) 2,513 28,420 $ —      72 7 79    4,535 15,399 81,197 2,278 142 192 3,983 43,293 4 12 4,727 19,382 124,490 2,282 154 58 578 207 89 (7,810) 41,087 21 17,562 (4) (5) $ 118,097  28,420 58 657 207 4,816 11,572 165,577 2,303 17,716 Segment Reporting as of and for the year ended December 31, 2010 Revenue from external customers Intercompany revenues Gross profit Interest income Interest expense Interest expense-financing fees Depreciation and amortization Segment profit (loss) Segment assets(1) Expenditures for segment assets Total debt Treatment Services Segments Total Corporate And Other Consolidated Total (2) $ 53,363 2,962 12,733 $ 44,427 502 7,882 $ 97,790 (3) 3,464 20,615 $ —      138 3 4,469 6,104 91,881 1,601 1,105 3  39 4,508 2,570 19 18 141 3 4,508 10,612 94,451 1,620 1,123 65 614 409 22 (7,341) 30,864 22 9,126 (4) (5) $ 97,790  20,615 65 755 412 4,530 3,271 125,315 1,642 10,249 (1) Segment assets have been adjusted for intercompany accounts to reflect actual assets for each segment. (2) Amounts reflect the activity for corporate headquarters, not included in the segment information. (3) The consolidated revenues included the CH Plateau Remediation Company (“CHPRC”) revenue of $24,652,000 or 19.3%, $59,136,000 or 50.1%, and $51,929,000 or 53.1%, for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, of our total consolidated revenue from continuing operations. Also, the consolidated revenues included revenues generated directly from the U.S. Department of Energy (“DOE”) of $26,265,000 or 20.6%, $4,136,000 or 3.5%, and $0 or 0%, for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, of our total consolidated revenue from continuing operations. The increase in revenues generated directly from the DOE was attributed to the acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011. 96 (4) Amount includes assets from our discontinued operations of $2,113,000, $2,343,000, and $7,433,000, as of December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively. (5) Net of debt discount of ($0), ($12,000), and (117,000) for 2012, 2011, and 2010, respectively, based on the estimated fair value at issuance of two Warrants and 200,000 shares of the Company’s Common Stock issued on May 8, 2009 in connection with a $3,000,000 promissory note entered into by the Company and Mr. William Lampson and Mr. Diehl Rettig. The promissory note and the Warrants were modified on April 18, 2011. See Note 9 – “Long-Term Debt – Promissory Note and Installment Agreement” for additional information.” 97 NOTE 17 QUARTERLY OPERATING RESULTS (UNAUDITED) Unaudited quarterly operating results are summarized as follows (in thousands, except per share data): 2012 Net revenues Gross profit (Loss) income from continuing operations (Loss) income from discontinued operations, net of taxes Net (loss) income Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest Net (loss) income attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. common stockholders Basic net (loss) income per common share attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. stockholders: Continuing operations Discontinued operations Net (loss) income per common share Diluted net (loss) income per common share attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. stockholders: Continued operations Discontinued operations Net (loss) income per common share 2011 Net revenues Gross profit (Loss) income from continuing operations Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes Gain (loss) on disposal of discontinued operations, net of taxes Net (loss) income Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest Net (loss) income attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. common stockholders Basic net (loss) income per common share attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. stockholders: Continuing operations Discontinued operations Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of taxes Net (loss) income per common share Diluted net (loss) income per common share attributable to Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. stockholders: Continued operations Discontinued operations Gain on disposal of discontinued operations, net of taxes Net (loss) income per common share March 31 June 30 Sept 30 Dec. 31 $ 37,936 4,369 (807) (138) (945) 56 $ 33,698 3,930 (1,009) (60) (1,069) 102 $ 29,190 4,226 (472) (61) (533) 21 $ 26,684 3,279 (4,262) 717 (3,545) 1 (1,001) (1,171) (554) (3,546) (.02) — (.02) (.02) — (.02) (.02) — (.02) (.02) — (.02) (.01) — (.01) (.01) — (.01) (.07) .01 (.06) (.07) .01 (.06) $ 23,615 3,030 (533) 212 — (321) — $ 28,913 8,049 2,552 (32) — 2,520 — $ 32,787 11,301 4,421 (187) 1,777 6,011 — $ 32,782 6,040 5,132 784 (268) 5,648 22 (321) 2,520 6,011 5,626 (.01) — — (.01) (.01) — — (.01) .05 — — .05 .05 — — .05 .08 — .03 .11 .08 — .03 .11 .09 .01 — .10 .09 .01 — .10 Loss from continuing operations for the quarter ended December 31, 2012, included a charge to income tax expense of approximately $1,949,000 related to an uncertain tax position and charge to income tax expense of approximately $1,375,000 attributed to the write- 98 off of deferred tax assets that, based upon new information obtained by management, would not be realizable by the Company. See Note 12 – “Income Tax” for further discussion of these income tax expenses. The sum of the quarterly earnings per common share amounts may not equal the annual amount reported because per share amounts are computed independently for each quarter and for the full year based on respective weighted-average common shares outstanding and other dilutive potential common shares. NOTE 18 SUBSEQUENT EVENTS Business Acquisition As disclosed in Note 3 – “Business Acquistion”, the Company entered into a Settlement and Release Agreement on February 12, 2013, to resolve certain claims against TNC for indemnification pursuant to the indemnification provisions of the Purchase Agreement, asserting breach of certain representations, warranties and covenant of TNC and SEHC subsequent to the closing date on the acquisition of SEC. Transactions resulting from the Settlement and Release Agreement were recorded retrospectively as part of the final purchase price allocation of SEC in accordance with ASC 850- “Business Combination.” Related Party Transactions As disclosed in Note 15 – “Related Party Transactions – Christopher Leichtweis”, pursuant to a Indemnification Agreement, SEC, Leichtweis and his spouse (“Leichtweis Parties”), jointly and severally, agreed to indemnify the individual surety with respect to contingent liabilities that may be incurred by the individual surety under certain of SEC’s bonded projects. In addition, SEC has agreed to indemnify Leichtweis Parties against judgments, penalties, fines, and expense associated with those SEC performance bonds that Leichtweis has agreed to indemnify in the event SEC cannot perform. The Indemnification Agreement provided by SEC to Leichtweis Parties also provides for compensating Leichtweis Parties at a rate of 0.75% of the value of bonds (60% having been paid previously and the balance at substantial completion of the contract). On February 14, 2013, the Company entered into a Settlement and Release Agreement and Amendment to Employment Agreement (the “Leichtweis Settlement), in settlement of certain claims made by the Company against Leichtweis in connection with certain Disputed Claims asserted by the Company against TNC subsequent to the acquisition of SEC on October 31, 2011. The Leichtweis Settlement terminated the obligations of the Company and its subsidiaries to pay a fee to the Leichtweis Parties under the Indemnification Agreement. Mr. Leichtweis’s employment agreement (“Leichtweis Employment Agreement”) was entered into on October 31, 2011, in connection with the acquisition of SEC. Leichtweis Employment Agreement provides for an annual base salary of $324,480, plus bonus under certain conditions, and is effective for four years. The Leichtweis Settlement, as discussed above, amended the Leichtweis Employment Agreement by reducing the base salary of Leichtweis by $30,000 per year commencing the earlier occurrence of (i) the date the Company files its 2012 Form 10-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or (ii) April 1, 2013, and continuing for a period of three years from such date (or, if the Leichtweis Employment Agreement is earlier terminated, through the date of such earlier termination). Notice of Intent to File Administrative Complaint – Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc. (“PFNWR”) On March 7, 2013, PFNWR, a subsidiary of ours, received a Notice of Intent to File Administrative Complaint from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”), alleging PFNWR had improperly stored certain mixed waste. If a settlement is not reached between the Company and EPA in connection with these alleged violations within 120 days of initiating negotiations, the EPA has advised it will initiate an action for civil penalties for these alleged violations. The EPA could seek penalties up to $37,500 per day per violation. The EPA has proposed a consent agreement and final order (“CAFO”) and has proposed a total penalty in the CAFO in the amount of $215,500 to resolve these alleged violations. We are initiating discussion with the EPA to resolve this matter. 99 ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES Evaluation of disclosure, controls, and procedures. We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our periodic reports filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Commission and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including the Chief Executive Officer (Principal Executive Officer), and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer), as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding the required disclosure. In designing and assessing our disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their stated control objectives and are subject to certain limitations, including the exercise of judgment by individuals, the difficulty in identifying unlikely future events, and the difficulty in eliminating misconduct completely. Based on their most recent assessment, which was completed as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, we have assessed, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-15 and 15d-15 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended). Based upon this assessment, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2012. Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. Internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements or fraudulent acts. A control system, no matter how well designed, can provide only reasonable assurance with respect to financial statement preparation and presentation. Internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit the preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with appropriate authorizations of management and directors of the Company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company's assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements or fraudulent acts. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Management, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). Based on this assessment, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial 100 reporting was effective as of December 31, 2012. BDO USA, LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, audited the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, and based on that audit, issued their report which is included herein. Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting There have been no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) during the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2012 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting. 101 Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Board of Directors and Stockholders Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. Atlanta, Georgia We have audited Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. and subsidiaries’ (the “Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Item 9A, “Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting”. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. In our opinion, Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2012, based on the COSO criteria. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2012 and 2011, and the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive (loss) income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2012 and our report dated March 22, 2013 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. /s/BDO USA, LLP Atlanta, Georgia March 22, 2013 102 ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION None. PART III ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DIRECTORS The following table sets forth, as of the date hereof, information concerning our Directors: NAME (1) Dr. Louis F. Centofanti Mr. Jack Lahav Honorable Joe R. Reeder Mr. Larry M. Shelton Dr. Charles E. Young Mr. Mark A. Zwecker AGE POSITION 69 Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer 64 Director 65 Director 59 Director 81 Director 62 Director Each director is elected to serve until the next annual meeting of stockholders. (1) Mr. Robert L. Ferguson elected not to stand for re-election at the Company’s 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “Meeting”) held on September 13, 2012. Mr. Ferguson’s decision not to stand for re- election was not due to any disagreement with the Company. Director Information Dr. Louis F. Centofanti Dr. Centofanti has served as Board Chairman since joining the Company in February 1991. Dr. Centofanti also served as Company President and Chief Executive Officer (February 1991 to September 1995) and again in March 1996 was elected Company President and Chief Executive Officer. From 1985 until joining the Company, Dr. Centofanti served as Senior Vice President of USPCI, Inc., a large hazardous waste management company, where he was responsible for managing the treatment, reclamation and technical groups within USPCI. In 1981 he founded PPM, Inc. (later sold to USPCI), a hazardous waste management company specializing in treating PCB contaminated oils. From 1978 to 1981, Dr. Centofanti served as Regional Administrator of the U.S. Department of Energy for the southeastern region of the United States. Dr. Centofanti has a Ph.D. and a M.S. in Chemistry from the University of Michigan, and a B.S. in Chemistry from Youngstown State University. As founder of Perma-Fix, PPM, Inc., and senior executive leader at USPCI, Dr. Centofanti combines extensive business experience in the waste management industry with a drive for innovative technology which is critical for a waste management company. In addition, his service in the government sector provides a solid foundation for the continuing growth of the Company, particularly within the Company’s Nuclear business. Dr. Centofanti’s comprehensive understanding of the Company and his extensive knowledge of its history, coupled with his drive for innovation and excellence, positions our Board Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, to optimize our role in this competitive, evolving market. Mr. Jack Lahav Jack Lahav, a director since September 2001, is a private investor, specializing in launching and growing businesses. Mr. Lahav devotes much of his time to charitable activities, serving as president as well as board member of several charities. Previously, Mr. Lahav founded Remarkable Products Inc. and served as its president from 1980 to 1993. Mr. Lahav co-founded Lamar Signal Processing, Inc., a digital signal processing company, was president of Advanced Technologies, Inc., a robotics company, and director of Vocaltec Communications, Ltd., a publicly-traded telecom equipment provider. From 2001 to 2004, Mr. 103 Lahav served as Chairman of Quigo Technologies, Inc., a private search-engine marketing company acquired by AOL in December 2007. Mr. Lahav currently serves as Chairman of Phoenix Audio Technologies, a private company that provides audio communication solutions for VoIP and other internet applications, and Doclix Inc, a privately-held internet marketing company. Having launched a number of successful businesses, Mr. Lahav has established a record of success in developing and growing a business. His “know how” enables him to provide important perspectives to the Board relating to a variety of business challenges. His commitment to charitable organizations provides a unique component of a well-rounded Board. Honorable Joe R. Reeder Mr. Reeder, a director since April 2003, served as the Shareholder-in-Charge of the Mid-Atlantic Region (1999-2008) for Greenberg Traurig LLP, one of the nation's largest law firms, with 29 offices and over 1,800 attorneys worldwide. Currently, a principal shareholder in the law firm, his clientele includes sovereign nations, international corporations, and law firms throughout the U.S. As the 14th Undersecretary of the U.S. Army (1993-97), Mr. Reeder also served for three years as Chairman of the Panama Canal Commission's Board of Directors where he oversaw a multibillion-dollar infrastructure program. He serves on the boards of the National Defense Industry Association (NDIA) (and chairs NDIA’s Ethics Committee), the Armed Services YMCA, and many other private companies and charitable organizations. Following successive appointments by Governors Mark Warner and Tim Kaine, Mr. Reeder served seven years as Chairman of two Commonwealth of Virginia military boards and served ten years on the National USO board. Mr. Reeder is also a frequent television commentator on legal and national security issues. Among other corporate positions, he has been a director since September 2005 for ELBIT Systems of America, LLC, a NASDAQ company that provides product and system solutions focusing on defense, homeland security, and commercial aviation. Mr. Reeder also serves as a board member for Washington First Bank (since April 2004). Mr. Reeder was a member of the Corporate Advisory Board for ICX Technologies, a publicly traded company specializing in development and integration of advanced sensor technologies for homeland security and commercial applications, from April 2007 to July 2008. A graduate of West Point who served in the 82nd Airborne Division following Ranger School, Mr. Reeder earned his J.D. from the University of Texas and his L.L.M. from Georgetown University. Mr. Reeder has a distinguished career in providing solutions to complex issues involving substantial domestic and international concerns. He has demonstrated extensive knowledge and problem-solving background, which skills enhance the Board’s ability to address challenging issues in the nuclear market. Mr. Larry M. Shelton Mr. Shelton, a director since July 2006, currently is the Chief Financial Officer (since 1999) of S K Hart Management, LC, an investment holding company. In March 2012, he was appointed Director and Chief Financial Officer of SK Hart Ranches (PTY) Ltd, a private South African Company involved in agriculture business. Mr. Shelton has over 18 years of experience as financial executive officer for several waste management companies. He was Chief Financial Officer of Envirocare of Utah, Inc. (1995–1999), and Chief Financial Officer of USPCI, Inc. (1982–1987). Mr. Shelton has served on the Board of Directors of Subsurface Technologies, Inc., a privately-held company specializing in providing environmentally sound innovative solutions for water well rehabilitation and development, since July 1989, and Pony Express Land Development, Inc., a privately-held land development company, since December 2005. Mr. Shelton has a B.A. in accounting from the University of Oklahoma. With his years of accounting experience as Chief Financial Officer for various companies, including a number of waste management companies, Mr. Shelton combines extensive knowledge and understanding of accounting principles, financial reporting requirements, evaluating and overseeing financial reporting processes and business savvy. Dr. Charles E. Young Dr. Charles E. Young, a director since July 2003, currently serves as a director (since September 2011) of SteriMed, Inc., a privately held company in the medical waste business. He was president of the University of Florida from November 1999 to January 2004 and chancellor of the University of California, Los 104 Angeles (UCLA) for 29 years until his retirement in 1997. He also was the President of Qatar Foundation from 2004 to November 2005. In addition, from December 2009 to June 2010, he served as the Chief Executive Officer of the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art. Dr. Young has chaired the Association of American Universities, and served on numerous commissions, including the American Council on Education, the National Association of State Universities and Land-Grant Colleges, and the Business-Higher Education Forum. Dr. Young served on the Board of Directors of I-MARK, Inc., a privately held software and professional services company from 1997 to 2012. He previously served on the Board of Directors of Intel Corp. and Nicholas-Applegate Growth Equity Fund, Inc., as well as Fiberspace, Inc., a privately-held company that designs and manufacturers stabilized laser products, Student Advantage, Inc., an integrated media and commerce company, and AAFL Enterprises, a sports development company. Dr. Young has a Ph.D. and M.A. in political science from UCLA and a B.A. from the University of California at Riverside. Having presided over two major universities with multi-billion budgets, a major educational foundation, a world-renowed museum, and as a board member for a publicly-held multi-billion dollar corporation, Dr. Young brings unique perspectives and extensive experience to our Board. His savvy in the process of policy making and long-term leadership development provides a valuable component of a well-rounded Board. Mr. Mark A. Zwecker Mark Zwecker, a director since the Company's inception in January 1991, assumed the position of Director of Finance in 2006 for Communications Security and Compliance Technologies, Inc., a software company developing security products for the mobile workforce, and also serves as an advisor to Plum Combustion, Inc., an engineering and manufacturing company developing high performance combustion technology. From 1997 to 2006, Mr. Zwecker served as president of ACI Technology, LLC, an IT services provider, and from 1986 to 1998, he served as vice president of finance and administration for American Combustion, Inc., a combustion technology solution provider. In 1983, with Dr. Centofanti, Mr. Zwecker co-founded a start-up, PPM, Inc., a hazardous waste management company. He remained with PPM, Inc. until its acquisition in 1985 by USPCI. Mr. Zwecker has a B.S. in Industrial and Systems Engineering from the Georgia Institute of Technology and an M.B.A. from Harvard University. As a director since our inception, Mr. Zwecker’s understanding of our business provides valuable insight to the Board. With years of experience in operations and finance for various companies, including a number of waste management companies, Mr. Zwecker combines extensive knowledge of accounting principles, financial reporting rules and regulations, the ability to evaluate financial results, and understanding of financial reporting processes. He has an extensive background in operating complex organizations. Mr. Zwecker’s experience and background positions him well to serve as a member of our Audit Committee. BOARD LEADERSHIP STRUCTURE Dr. Louis Centofanti, the Company’s President and Chief Executive Officer, also holds the position of the Chairman of the Board. The Company believes such structure currently promotes the best interests of our stockholders. Dr. Centofanti’s extensive knowledge of the history of the Company, its customers, and his background in our complex and unique nuclear business, enables him to provide guidance to our Board with day to day and long-term strategic business recommendations and decisions which ultimately enhance shareholder value. Although the Company’s Amended and Restated Bylaws do not formally require the designation of an independent Lead Director, because the positions of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer are held by the same person, Mr. Mark Zwecker was appointed by our Board of Directors and has served as the independent Lead Director since February 2010. The Board believes that the Lead Director enhances the Board’s ability to fulfill its responsibilities independently in the best interests of the Company’s stockholders. The Lead Director’s role includes: • convening and chairing meetings of the non-employee directors as necessary from time to time and Board meetings in the absence of the Chairman of the Board; 105 • • • acting as liaison between directors, committee chairs and management; serving as information sources for directors and management; and carrying out responsibilities as the Board may delegate from time to time. AUDIT COMMITTEE We have a separately designated standing Audit Committee of our Board of Directors established in accordance with Section 3(a)(58)(A) of the Exchange Act. The members of the Audit Committee are: Mark A. Zwecker, Larry M. Shelton, and Dr. Charles E. Young. Our Board of Directors has determined that each of our Audit Committee members is an “audit committee financial expert” as defined by Item 407(d)(5)(ii) of Regulation S-K of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). BOARD INDEPENDENCE The Board has determined that each director, other than Dr. Centofanti, is “independent” within the meaning of the applicable rules of the NASDAQ Stock Market, Inc. (“NASDAQ”) on which the Company’s Common Stock is listed. Dr. Centofanti is not deemed to be an “independent director” because of his employment as a senior executive of the Company. The Board did not consider Mr. Ferguson to be “independent” based on the transactions between Mr. Ferguson and us which are described under “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence – Mr. Robert L. Ferguson.” Mr. Ferguson did not stand for re-election at the Company’s 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on September 13, 2012. The Board considered the independence of the Company’s use of Mr. Reeder’s law firm from time to time in considering his independence, and determined that he should be deemed an independent director since the amount paid to Mr. Reeder’s law firm was a nominal amount. CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND NOMINATING COMMITTEE We have a separately-designated standing Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee (the “Nominating Committee”). Members of the Nominating Committee during 2012 were Joe R. Reeder (Chairperson), Jack Lahav, and Larry Shelton. All members of the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee are “independent” as that term is defined by current NASDAQ listing standards. The Nominating Committee recommends to the Board of Directors candidates to fill vacancies on the Board and the nominees for election as the directors at each annual meeting of stockholders. In making such recommendation, the Nominating Committee takes into account information provided to them from the candidate, as well as the Nominating Committee’s own knowledge and information obtained through inquiries to third parties to the extent the Nominating Committee deems appropriate. The Company’s Amended and Restated Bylaws sets forth certain minimum director qualifications to qualify for nomination for elections as a Director. To qualify for nomination or election as a director, an individual must: • be an individual at least 21 years of age who is not under legal disability; • have the ability to be present, in person, at all regular and special meetings of the Board of Directors; • not serve on the boards of more than three other publicly held companies; • satisfy the director qualification requirements of all environmental and nuclear commissions, boards or similar regulatory or law enforcement authorities to which the Corporation is subject so as not to cause the Corporation to fail to satisfy any of the licensing requirements imposed by any such authority; • not be affiliated with, employed by or a representative of, or have or acquire a material personal involvement with, or material financial interest in, any “Business Competitor” (as defined); • not have been convicted of a felony or of any misdemeanor involving moral turpitude; and • have been nominated for election to the Board of Directors in accordance with the terms of the Amended and Restated Bylaws. In addition to the minimum director qualifications as mentioned above, each candidate’s qualifications are also reviewed to include: 106 • • • standards of integrity, personal ethics and value, commitment, and independence of thought and judgment; ability to represent the interests of the Company’s stockholders; ability to dedicate sufficient time, energy and attention to fulfill the requirements of the position; and • diversity of skills and experience with respect to accounting and finance, management and leadership, business acumen, vision and strategy, charitable causes, business operations, and industry knowledge. The Nominating Committee does not assign specific weight to any particular criteria and no particular criterion is necessarily applicable to all prospective nominees. The Nominating Committee does not have a formal policy for the consideration of diversity in identifying nominees for directors. However, the Company believes that the backgrounds and qualifications of the directors, considered as a group, should provide a significant composite mix of experience, knowledge, and abilities that will allow the Board to fulfill its responsibilities. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT COMMITTEE We established a separately-designated standing Research and Development Committee (the “R&D Committee”), effective August 24, 2011, which members included Mr. Robert L. Ferguson (Chairperson) and Dr. Louis Centofanti. The R&D Committee outlines the structures and functions of the Company’s research and development strategies, the acquisition and protection of the Company’s intellectual property rights and assets, and provides its perspective on such matter to the Board of Directors. The R&D Committee does not have a charter. The R&D Committee was disbanded effective September 13, 2012, upon Mr. Ferguson’s election not to stand for re-election at the Company’s 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on September 13, 2012. However, Dr. Louis Centofanti, Board Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, leads a R&D management team in carrying out our R&D functions as noted above. EXECUTIVE OFFICERS See Item 4A – “Executive Officers of the Registrant” in Part I of this report for information concerning our executive officers, as of the date hereof. There are no family relationships between any of the directors or executive officers. Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, and the regulations promulgated thereunder require our executive officers and directors and beneficial owners of more than 10% of our Common Stock to file reports of ownership and changes of ownership of our Common Stock with the Securities and Exchange Commission, and to furnish us with copies of all such reports. Based solely on a review of the copies of such reports furnished to us and written information provided to us, we believe that during 2012 none of our executive officers, directors, or beneficial owners of more than 10% of our Common Stock failed to timely file reports under Section 16(a), except Mr. Joe Reeder, who inadvertently failed to timely file two Form 4’s to report five transactions. Capital Bank–Grawe Gruppe AG (“Capital Bank”) has advised us that it is a banking institution regulated by the banking regulations of Austria, which holds shares of our Common Stock as agent on behalf of numerous investors. Capital Bank has represented that all of its investors are accredited investors under Rule 501 of Regulation D promulgated under the Act. In addition, Capital Bank has advised us that none of its investors, individually or as a group, beneficially own more than 4.9% of our Common Stock. Capital Bank has further informed us that its clients (and not Capital Bank) maintain full voting and dispositive 107 power over such shares. Consequently, Capital Bank has advised us that it believes it is not the beneficial owner, as such term is defined in Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act, of the shares of our Common Stock registered in the name of Capital Bank because it has neither voting nor investment power, as such terms are defined in Rule 13d-3, over such shares. Capital Bank has informed us that it does not believe that it is required (a) to file, and has not filed, reports under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act or (b) to file either Schedule 13D or Schedule 13G in connection with the shares of our Common Stock registered in the name of Capital Bank. If the representations of, or information provided by Capital Bank are incorrect or Capital Bank was historically acting on behalf of its investors as a group, rather than on behalf of each investor independent of other investors, then Capital Bank and/or the investor group would have become a beneficial owner of more than 10% of our Common Stock on February 9, 1996, as a result of the acquisition of 1,100 shares of our Preferred Stock that were convertible into a maximum of 1,282,798 shares of our Common Stock. If either Capital Bank or a group of Capital Bank’s investors became a beneficial owner of more than 10% of our Common Stock on February 9, 1996, or at any time thereafter, and thereby required to file reports under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act, then Capital Bank has failed to file a Form 3 or any Forms 4 or 5 since February 9, 1996. (See “Item 12 - Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matter – Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners” for a discussion of Capital Bank’s current record ownership of our securities). Code of Ethics Our Code of Ethics applies to all our executive officers and is available on our website at www.perma- fix.com. If any amendments are made to the Code of Ethics or any grants of waivers are made to any provision of the Code of Ethics to any of our executive officers, we will promptly disclose the amendment or waiver and nature of such amendment or waiver on our website. ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION Compensation Discussion and Analysis Our long-term success depends on our ability to efficiently operate our facilities, increase the profitability of our business, evaluate strategic acquisitions, and to continue to research and develop innovative technologies in the treatment of nuclear waste, mixed waste, and industrial waste. To achieve these goals, it is important that we be able to attract, motivate, and retain highly talented individuals who are committed to our values and goals. The Compensation and Stock Option Committee (for purposes of this analysis, the “Compensation Committee”) of the Board has responsibility for establishing, implementing and continually monitoring adherence with our compensation philosophy. The Compensation Committee ensures that the total compensation paid to Dr. Louis F. Centofanti, our Chief Executive Officer or “CEO,” Ben Naccarato, our Chief Financial Officer or “CFO,” Jim Blankenhorn, our Chief Operating Officer or “COO,” Robert Schreiber, President of SYA or “SYA President,” and Christopher Leichtweis, Senior Vice President and President of SEC or “SEC President” (together, our named executive officers or “NEOs”) is fair, reasonable and competitive. Generally, the types of compensation and benefits provided to the NEOs are similar to those provided to other executive officers at similar sized companies and industries. Compensation Philosophy and Objectives The Compensation Committee bases its executive compensation program on our performance objectives. The Compensation Committee evaluates both executive performance and compensation to ensure that we maintain our ability to attract superior employees in key positions and to remain competitive relative to the compensation paid to similarly situated executives of our peer companies. The Compensation Committee believes executive compensation packages provided to our executives, including the NEOs, should include both cash and equity-based compensation that provide rewards for performance. The Compensation Committee bases it executive compensation program on the following philosophy: • Compensation should be based on the level of job responsibility, executive performance, and company performance. 108 • Executive officers’ pay should be more closely linked to company performance than that of other employees because the executive officers have a greater ability to affect our results. • Compensation should be competitive with compensation offered by other companies (subject to size and revenues) that compete with us for talented individuals. • Compensation should reward performance. • Compensation should motivate executives to achieve our strategic and operational goals. Role of Executive Officers in Compensation Decisions The Compensation Committee makes all compensation decisions for the NEOs and equity awards to all of our officers. Decisions regarding the non-equity compensation of other officers are made by the Compensation Committee, based on the recommendations of the CEO. The CEO annually reviews the performance of each of the NEOs (other than the CEO whose performance is reviewed by the Compensation Committee). Based on such reviews, the CEO presents a recommendation to the Compensation Committee, which may include salary adjustments, bonus and equity-based awards. The Compensation Committee considers such recommendation in light of the compensation philosophy and objectives described above and the processes described below. Based on its analysis, the Compensation Committee exercises its discretion in accepting or modifying all such recommendations. The CEO is not present during the voting or deliberations of the Compensation Committee with respect to the CEO’s compensation. The Compensation Committee’s Processes The Compensation Committee has established certain processes designed to achieve our annual executive compensation objectives. These processes include the following: • Company Performance Assessment; MIP. The Compensation Committee assesses our performance in order to establish compensation ranges and, as described below, to establish specific performance measures that determine incentive compensation under the Management Incentive Plan (“MIP”) established for each of our named executive officers. For this purpose, the Compensation Committee considers numerous measures of performance of both us and industries with which we compete, including, but not limited to, revenue, net income, gross profit, and unbilled receivables. • Individual Performance Assessment. Because the Compensation Committee believes that an individual’s performance should effect an individual’s compensation, the Compensation Committee seeks to encourage and reward each NEO based on achievement of individual performance goals, in addition to overall company performance measures mentioned above. With respect to the CEO and COO, compensation is also awarded based on qualitative measures such as maintaining the safety of our facilities as well maintaining permit compliance. With respect to the CFO, the Compensation Committee takes into account improvements made in accounting and financial processes such as maintaining Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“SOX”) and Securities and Exchange Commission compliance, improving accounts receivable (“AR”) targets, system integration, and centralization of the Company’s systems. In designing the compensation plan for the NEO, the Compensation Committee believes individual measures result in short and long term value to stockholders. The Compensation Committee also considers input of, and the performance analysis provided by, the CEO when designing the compensation plan for the other NEOs. The Compensation Committee believes that the CEO’s daily interactions with the other NEOs provide valuable insight regarding the contributions made by the other NEOs. With respect to all NEOs, the Compensation Committee also exercises its judgment based on its interactions with the particular NEO, such officer’s contribution to our performance and other leadership achievements. 109 • Peer Group Assessment. The Compensation Committee compares our compensation program with a group of companies against which the Compensation Committee believes we compete for talented individuals (the “Peer Group”). The composition of the Peer Group is periodically reviewed and updated by the Compensation Committee. The companies currently comprising the Peer Group are Clean Harbors, Inc., American Ecology Corporation, and EnergySolutions, Inc., each of which is a waste disposal/management company. The Compensation Committee considers the Peer Group’s executive compensation programs as a whole and the compensation of individual officers in the Peer Group, if job responsibilities are meaningfully similar. When comparing the Peer Group’s executive compensation programs to our programs, the Compensation Committee considers that the companies within this Peer Group have substantially greater revenues than our Company, as well as subjective factors with respect to each of our NEOs. These individual subjective factors include the relative level of experience of each executive officer, the general responsibilities of each executive officer, and the relative capitalization and revenues of the Peer Group members. The Compensation Committee believes that the Peer Group comparison assists it in attempting to structure an executive compensation program that is competitive with other companies in the industry, subject to size and revenues of companies within the Peer Group. This process was undertaken in 2012 to assist the Compensation Committee in determining the base salary for our CEO, COO, and CFO. Although our Compensation Committee makes a comparison to the Peer Group compensation, the Compensation Committee does not use the Peer Group as a benchmark for compensation of the NEOs. Instead, the Compensation Committee considers the following when reviewing the Peer Group compensation information: • The Compensation Committee understands that our competitors generally have greater capital resources than we do and are larger businesses than we are; as a result, the Compensation Committee does not attempt to match the compensation packages offered by the Peer Group or to set our compensation packages at a certain percentage or other objective target level as compared to members of the Peer Group; • The Compensation Committee considers what compensation package is expected to enable us to compete for talented individuals given the opportunities and compensation offered by us; and • Our executive compensation will necessarily fall below (and sometimes significantly below) the compensation offered by members of the Peer Group due to our limited resources as compared to the resources of members of the Peer Group. As described above, the Compensation Committee (along with our CEO) reviews the publicly available compensation disclosures of the Peer Group. However, when making its own annual compensation decisions, the Compensation Committee currently has no policy for setting our compensation levels based on or as compared to the compensation practices of such Peer Group members. Accordingly, the Company does not believe that benchmarking is currently material to the Company's compensation policies and decisions. The executive compensation program for our SEC President was negotiated as part of our acquisition of SEC in October 2011 (see “Employment Agreement” below regarding an agreement entered into between the Company and the SEC President on the reduction of the SEC President’s salary starting in 2013). The MIP for the SEC President was also part of the negotiation and provides specific performance targets, which if achieved, are expected to positively impact our results of operations (see “Management Incentive Plan” below for amendment made to the SEC President’s MIP on July 12, 2012). Employment Agreements The Company entered into employment agreements on August 24, 2011 with our CEO, COO, and CFO, which were approved by the Compensation Committee and Board. These agreements provided that (a) Dr. Centofanti, CEO, was entitled to receive an annual base salary of $263,218; (b) Mr. Blankenhorn, COO, 110 was entitled to receive an annual base salary of $245,000 (Mr. Blankenhorn’s effective employment date was June 1, 2011. He was provided a 30-day personal leave of absence prior to his start date of July 1, 2011); and (c) Mr. Naccarato, CFO, was entitled to receive an annual annual base salary of $208,000. The base salary is subject to adjustment as determined by the Compensation Committee (see 2012 base salary adjustment of the CEO, COO, and CFO in “Management Incentive Plans” below). In connection with the closing of our acquisition of SEC, on October 31, 2011, we entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Christopher Leichtweis, which was approved by the Compensation Committee and Board. Mr. Leichtweis, who prior to the acquisition was an officer and director of SEC’s former parent company (Homeland Security Captial Corporation now known as Timios National Corporation or “TNC”), was appointed as the SEC President and a senior vice president. Mr. Leichtweis’ employment agreement provided that he is entitled to receive an annual base salary of $324,480. The base salary is subject to adjustment as determined by the Compensation Committee. The employment agreements with our CEO, COO, CFO and SEC President are collectively referred to as the “Employment Agreements.” In addition to base salary, each of these executive officers is entitled to participate in the Company's benefits plans and to any performance compensation payable under an individual Management Incentive Plan (“MIP”) for the CEO, CFO, COO, and SVP (see “Management Incentive Plans,” below). Each of the Employment Agreements is effective for three years, except the term for the SEC President is four years. Each Employment Agreement may be terminated prior to its expiration by the Company with or without “cause” (as defined below) or by the executive officer for “good reason” (as defined below) or any other reason. If the NEO’s employment is terminated due to death, disability or for cause, we will pay to the NEO or to his estate a lump sum equal to the sum of any unpaid base salary through the date of termination and any benefits otherwise due at that time under any employee benefit plan, excluding any severance program or policy (the “Accrued Amounts”). On February 14, 2013, the Company entered into a Settlement and Release Agreement and Amendment to Employment Agreement (the “Leichtweis Settlement), in final settlement of certain claims made by us against Mr. Leichtweis in connection with Disputed Claims asserted by us against TNC subsequent to the acquisition of SEC. The Leichtweis Settlement amended Mr. Lechtweis Employment Agreement which reduces the base salary of Mr. Leichtweis by $30,000 per year commencing the earlier occurence of (i) the date the Company files its 2012 Form 10-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or (ii) April 1, 2013, and continuing for a period of three years from such date (or, if the Mr. Leichtweis’s Employement Agreement is earlier terminated, through the date of such earlier termination). If the NEO terminates his employment for “good reason” or is terminated without cause, we will pay the NEO a sum equal to the total Accrued Amounts, plus one year of full base salary. If the NEO terminates his employment for a reason other than for good reason (the reduction in base salary for Mr. Leichtweis is not considered “good reason” pursuant to the Leichtweis Settlement), we will pay to him the amount equal to the Accrued Amounts. If there is a Change in Control (as defined below), all outstanding stock options to purchase common stock held by the NEO will immediately become vested and exercisable in full. The amounts payable with respect to a termination (other than base salary and amounts otherwise payable under any Company employee benefit plan) are payable only if the termination constitutes a “separation from service” (as defined under Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(h)). “Cause” is generally defined in each of the Employment Agreements as follows: • the ultimate conviction (after all appeals have been decided) of the executive by a court of competent jurisdiction, or a plea of nolo contendrere or a plea of guilty by the executive, to a felony involving a moral practice or act; • willful or gross misconduct or gross neglect of duties by the executive, which is injurious to the Company. Failure of the executive to perform his duties due to disability shall not be considered gross misconduct or gross neglect of duties; 111 • act of fraud or embezzlement against the Company; and • willful breach of any material provision of the employment agreement. “Good reason” is generally defined in each of the Employment Agreements as follows: • • • • • assignment to the executive of duties inconsistent with his responsibilities as they existed during the 90-day period preceding the date of the employment agreement, including status, office, title, and reporting requirement; any other action by the Company which results in a reduction in (i) the compensation payable to the executive, or (ii) the executive’s position, authority, duties, or other responsibilities without the executive’s prior approval; the relocation of the executive from his base location on the date of the employment agreement, excluding travel required in order to perform the executive’s job responsibilities; any purported termination by the Company of the executive’s employment otherwise than as permitted by the agreement; and any material breach by the Company of any provision of the employment agreement, except that an insubstantial or inadvertent breach by the Company which is promptly remedied by the Company after receipt of notice by the executive is not considered a material breach. “Change in Control” is generally defined in each of the Employment Agreements as follows: • a transaction in which any person, entity, corporation, or group (as such terms are defined in Sections 13(d)(3) and 14(d)(2) of the Exchange (other than the Company, or a profit sharing, employee ownership or other employee benefit plan sponsored by the Company or any subsidiary of the Company): (i) will purchase any of the Company’s voting securities (or securities convertible into such voting securities) for cash, securities or other consideration pursuant to a tender offer, or (ii) will become the “beneficial owner” (as such term is defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act, directly or indirectly (in one transaction or a series of transactions), of securities of the Company representing 50% or more of the total voting power of the then outstanding securities of the Company ordinarily having the right to vote in the election of directors; or • a change, without the approval of at least two-thirds of the Board of Directors then in office, of a majority of the Company’s Board of Directors; or • • • • the Company’s execution of an agreement for the sale of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets to a purchaser which is not a subsidiary of the Company; or the Company’s adoption of a plan of dissolution or liquidation; or the Company’s closure of the facility where the executive works; or the Company’s execution of an agreement for a merger or consolidation or other business combination involving the Company in which the Company is not the surviving corporation, or, if immediately following such merger or consolidation or other business combination, less than fifty percent (50%) of the surviving corporation’s outstanding voting stock is held by persons who are stockholders of the Company immediately prior to such merger or consolidation or other business combination; or • such event that is of a nature that is required to be reported in response to Item 5.01 of Form 8-K. 112 Potential Payments The following table sets forth the potential (estimated) payments and benefits to which our NEOs would be entitled under the Employment Agreements upon termination of employment or following a Change in Control, assuming each circumstance described below occurred on December 31, 2012. The following table sets forth the potential (estimated) payments and benefits to which Dr. Centofanti, Mr. Jim Blankenhorn, Mr. Leichtweis, and Mr. Naccarato would be entitled upon termination of employment or following a Change in Control of the Company, as specified under each employment agreement with the Company, assuming each circumstance described below occurred on December 31, 2012, the last day of our fiscal year. Name and Principal Position Potential Payment/Benefit Disability, Death, or For Cause Termination by Executive for Good Reason or by Company Without Cause Change in Control of the Company Dr. Louis Centofanti Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer Severance Stock Options Ben Naccarato Chief Financial Officer Severance Stock Options Jim Blankenhorn Chief Operating Officer Severance Stock Options Christopher Leichtweis SVP and SEC President Severance Stock Options $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ ── ── ── ── ── ── ── ── (1) (1) (1) (1) $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 271,115 ── 214,240 ── 252,350 ── 324,480 ── $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ (1) (1) (1) (1) ── ── ── ── ── ── ── ── (2) (2) (2) (2) (1) (2) Benefit is estimated to be zero since the number of stock options vested that were in-the-money as of December 31, 2012 (as reported on NASDAQ) was zero. Benefit is estimated to be zero since the number of stock options outstanding that were in-the-money as of December 31, 2012 (as reported on NASDAQ) was zero. No performance compensation under the NEO’s MIP would have been payable at December 31, 2012 under any of the circumstances described in the table above. Pursuant to each MIP, if the participant’s employment with the Company is voluntarily or involuntarily terminated prior to the annual payment of the MIP compensation payment period, no MIP payment is payable. The payment is otherwise payable under each MIP on or about 90 days after year-end, or sooner, based on finalization of our financial statements for year-end. See, “Management Incentive Plans,” below. The amounts payable with respect to a termination (other than base salary and amounts otherwise payable under any Company employee benefit plan) are payable only if the termination constitutes a “separation from service” (as defined under Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(h)). 113 2012 Executive Compensation Components For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2012, the principal components of compensation for executive officers were: • base salary; • performance-based incentive compensation; • • • perquisites. long term incentive compensation; retirement and other benefits; and Based on the amounts set forth in the Summary Compensation Table, during 2012, salary accounted for 96.5% of the total compensation of our NEOs, while equity option awards, bonus, MIP compensation, and other compensation accounted for approximately 3.5% of the total compensation of the NEOs. Base Salary The NEOs, other executive officers, and other employees of the Company receive a base salary during the fiscal year. Base salary ranges for executive officers are determined for each executive based on his or her position and responsibility by using market data and comparisons to the Peer Group. During its review of base salaries for executives, the Compensation Committee primarily considers: • market data and Peer Group comparisons; • • internal review of the executive’s compensation, both individually and relative to other officers; and individual performance of the executive. Salary levels are typically considered annually as part of the performance review process as well as upon a promotion or other change in job responsibility. Merit based salary increases for executives are based on the Committee’s assessment of the individual’s performance. The base salary and potential annual base salary adjustments for the CEO, COO, CFO, and the SEC President for are set forth in their respective Employment Agreements. Performance-Based Incentive Compensation The Compensation Committee has the latitude to design cash and equity-based incentive compensation programs to promote high performance and achievement of our corporate objectives by directors and the NEOs, encourage the growth of stockholder value and enable employees to participate in our long-term growth and profitability. The Compensation Committee may grant stock options and/or performance bonuses. In granting these awards, the Compensation Committee may establish any conditions or restrictions it deems appropriate. In addition, the CEO has discretionary authority to grant stock options to certain high-performing executives or officers, subject to the approval of the Compensation Committee. The exercise price for each stock options granted is at or above the market price of our common stock on the date of grant. Stock options may be awarded to newly hired or promoted executives at the discretion of the Compensation Committee. Grants of stock options to eligible newly hired executive officers are generally made at the next regularly scheduled Compensation Committee meeting following the hire date. Management Incentive Plans (“MIPs”) On July 12, 2012, the Compensation Committee approved discretionary individual MIPs for our CEO, CFO, and COO. Each 2012 MIP authorized the Compensation Committee to recommend a cash incentive bonus to the executive for performance during the 2012 calendar year, if the Compensation Committee determined, in its sole discretion, that such bonus compensation was appropriate based on the considerations enumerated in each 2012 MIP relating to Company performance and the executive’s individual performance during 2012. Each 2012 MIP was discretionary and payable only if recommended by the Company’s Compensation Committee and approved by the Board of Directors at the Company’s fiscal year end. 114 Pursuant to each 2012 MIP, the CEO, CFO, and COO are to receive annual base salary of $271,115, $214,240 and $252,350, respectively, during 2012. The discretionary maximum performance incentive payment payable to each CEO, CFO, and COO, if recommended by the Compensation Committee and approved by our Board of Directors, may not exceed $235,870, $94,266, and $219,544, which represents 87%, 44%, and 87% of the 2012 base salary, respectively. Also, on July 12, 2012, the Compensation Committee amended the existing MIP for the SEC President. Prior to the amendment, performance compensation under the MIP for our SEC President was based on SEC realizing gross profit target for a particular fiscal year of at least $18,500,000 (which was set for each of four years starting 2011) and the Company realizing pre-tax net income target (as defined) for each fiscal year as determined by the Compensation Committee, with the amount of the Company’s pre-tax net income subject to being changed each year as determined by the Compensation Committee. For any year during the term of the MIP for the SEC President, performance incentive compensation of $360,000 is payable upon achievement of 100% or greater of the SEC gross profit target and net income target is payable upon achievement of 85% to 150% of such target for that year with minimum payable amount of $240,000 to maximum payable amount of $360,000. The amendment removed the requirement that net income target be achieved for the 2012 fiscal year and provided that a discretionary bonus will be payable only if recommended by the Compensation Committee and approval by the Board of Directors. The discretionary bonus, if any, may not exceed $360,000. If the SEC Gross Profit target is achieved and the maximum discretionary bonus is recommended by the Compensation Committee and approved by our Board of Directors, the maximum performance incentive compensation payable to the SEC President for 2012 will be $720,000, which represents 221.9% of the SEC President’s base salary of $324,480. The Compensation Committee and the Board of Directors believe that setting the performance incentive payable under each of the 2012 MIPs as discretionary was appropriate because the market environment that the Company was operating during 2012 was unique due to the high concentration of revenue derived from the U.S. government which was in a state of flux due to the pending federal election and pressure to reduce federal spending. In determining whether to recommend a discretionary performance incentive payment for performance during the 2012 fiscal year, the Compensation Committee considered those factors that the Compensation Committee deemed appropriate in light of the objectives of the Company, including without limitation, the following objective and subjective criteria with respect to the performance of the Company and the executive during the 2012 fiscal year: 1. Revenue; 2. EBITDA (Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization); 3. Successful integration; 4. Achievement of synergies; 5. Increase in commercial revenue; 6. Increase in international revenue; 7. Continued progress on the NPCM (Nano Porous Composite Material) Development for Commercial Applications; 8. Resolution of problem projects which were part of the acquisition; 9. Collection of problem accounts receivable which were part of the acquisition; 10. Profitable EBITDA from the company’s Treatment Segment; and 11. Continued development and implementation of 2012 and 2013 Strategic Plan. Performance compensation is paid on or about 90 days after year-end, or sooner, based on finalization of our audited financial statements for 2012. If the 2012 MIP participant’s employment with the Company is voluntarily or involuntarily terminated prior to a regularly scheduled 2012 MIP compensation payment period, no 2012 MIP payment will be payable for and after such period. The Compensation Committee retains the right to modify, change or terminate each MIP, at any time and for any reason. As payment under each of the 2012 MIPs is discretionary and do not contain quantitative targets (with the exception of the gross profit targt under the SEC President’s (Christopher Leichtweis) MIP of which no 115 amount was earned under this target), no performance incentive payments under the 2012 MIPs have been recommended by the Compensation Committee as of the date of this Form 10-K due primarily to our 2012 results. Mr. Robert Schreiber-Schreiber, Yonley, & Associates (“SYA”) - Bonus Plan Mr. Robert Schreiber, Jr., the President of our environmental engineering and regulatory compliance consulting services firm, SYA, was eligible to be awarded a bonus based on an allocation of a portion of a bonus pool applicable only to SYA employees. The amount of the bonus pool was equal to 40% of the net income of SYA, minus 5% of SYA’s total revenues for 2012. In 2012, the bonus pool was determined to be $0. The Compensation Committee believes that this formula ties any bonus awarded to employees of SYA directly to SYA’s performance, rewards performance, and motivates the SYA employees to achieve our operational goals (although such formula is not linked to specific targets or benchmarks). The Board delegated to our CEO the authority to determine what portion, if any, of the SYA bonus pool is allocated to Mr. Schreiber for his performance. Our CEO considered the following factors when reviewing Mr. Schreiber’s performance for the purpose of determining Mr. Schreiber’s bonus compensation as a portion of the SYA bonus pool: • SYA’s performance as a segment of our Company; • Effectiveness of Mr. Schreiber’s leadership; • Mr. Schreiber’s role and participation as a member of our executive management team; and • Our overall performance, based on a subjective analysis of our revenues and net income in the applicable business environment. The determination of Mr. Schreiber’s bonus is a subjective determination, with the maximum amount of such bonus being 100% of the SYA bonus pool. In 2011 and 2010, Mr. Schreiber’s bonus represented 0% and 0%, respectively, of the SYA bonus pool. Accordingly, Mr. Schreiber’s compensation is not based on objective metrics, but a subjective assessment of his performance, with the maximum amount of such bonus compensation defined by the Compensation Committee’s formula. Although the bonus pool was determined to be $0 in 2011, Mr. Schreiber received a $40,000 discretionary bonus as a result of his management of corporate matters and his contribution to the Company’s research and development program. Long-Term Incentive Compensation Employee Stock Option Plans The 2004 Stock Option Plan (the “2004 Option Plan”) and 2010 Stock Option Plan (the “2010 Option Plan”) encourage participants to focus on long-term performance and provides an opportunity for executive officers and certain designated key employees to increase their stake in the Company. Stock options succeed by delivering value to the executive only when the value of our stock increases. Both plans authorize the grant of Non-Qualified Stock Options (“NQSOs”) and Incentive Stock Options (“ISOs”) for the purchase of Common Stock. The 2004 Option Plan and 2010 Option Plan assist the Company to: • enhance the link between the creation of stockholder value and long-term executive incentive compensation; • provide an opportunity for increased equity ownership by executives; and • maintain competitive levels of total compensation. Stock option award levels are determined based on market data, vary among participants based on their positions with us and are granted generally at the Compensation Committee’s regularly scheduled August or 116 September meeting. Newly hired or promoted executive officers who are eligible to receive options are generally awarded such options at the next regularly scheduled Compensation Committee meeting following their hire or promotion date. Options are awarded with an exercise price equal to or not less than the closing price of the Company’s Common Stock on the date of the grant as reported on the NASDAQ. In certain limited circumstances, the Compensation Committee may grant options to an executive at an exercise price in excess of the closing price of the Company’s Common Stock on the grant date. The Company did not grant any options to any of its employees, including the NEOs in 2012. The Compensation Committee is reviewing the effectiveness of granting options under our option plans. Pursuant to the 2004 Stock Option Plan and the 2010 Stock Option plan, vesting of option awards ceases upon termination of employment and exercise right of the vested option amount ceases upon three months from termination of employment except in the case of death or retirement (subject to a six month limitation), or disability (subject to a one year limitation). Prior to the exercise of an option, the holder has no rights as a stockholder with respect to the shares subject to such option. In the event of a “change of control” (as defined in the 2004 Stock Option Plan and the 2010 Stock Option Plan) of the Company, each outstanding option and award granted under the plans shall immediately become exercisable in full notwithstanding the vesting or exercise provisions contained in the stock option agreement. Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation We account for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation.” ASC 718 establishes accounting standards for entity exchanges of equity instruments for goods or services. It also addresses transactions in which an entity incurs liabilities in exchange for goods or services that are based on the fair value of the entity’s equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of those equity instruments. ASC 718 requires all stock-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the income statement based on their fair values. The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to determine the fair-value of stock-based awards which requires subjective assumptions. Assumptions used to estimate the fair value of stock options granted include the exercise price of the award, the expected term, the expected volatility of the Company’s stock over the option’s expected term, the risk-free interest rate over the option’s expected term, and the expected annual dividend yield. We recognize stock-based compensation expense using a straight-line amortization method over the requisite period, which is the vesting period of the stock option grant. As ASC 718 requires that stock-based compensation expense be based on options that are ultimately expected to vest, our stock-based compensation expense is reduced at an estimated forfeiture rate. Our estimated forfeiture rate is generally based on historical trends of actual forfeitures. Forfeiture rates are evaluated, and revised as necessary. Retirement and Other Benefits 401(k) Plan We adopted the Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. 401(k) Plan (the “401(k) Plan”) in 1992, which is intended to comply with Section 401 of the Internal Revenue Code and the provisions of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. All full-time employees who have attained the age of 18 are eligible to participate in the 401(k) Plan. Eligibility is immediate upon employment but enrollment is only allowed during two yearly open periods of January 1 and July 1. Participating employees may make annual pretax contributions to their accounts up to 100% of their compensation, up to a maximum amount as limited by law. We, at our discretion, may make matching contributions based on the employee’s elective contributions. Company contributions vest over a period of five years. We have matched 25% of our employees’ contributions since inception of the Plan. In 2012, the Company contributed $348,000 in matching funds, of which approximately $9,800 was for our named executive officers (See the “Summary Compensation Table” in this section for information about our matching contributions to the NEOs). 117 Effective June 15, 2012, we suspended our matching contribution in an effort to reduce costs in light of the recent economic environment. We will periodically evaluate whether to resume a matching contribution program. Perquisites and Other Personal Benefits The Company provides executive officers with limited perquisites and other personal benefits that the Company and the Compensation Committee believe are reasonable and consistent with its overall compensation program to better enable the Company to attract and retain superior employees for key positions. The Compensation Committee periodically reviews the levels of perquisites and other personal benefits provided to executive officers. The executive officers are provided an auto allowance. Consideration of Stockholder Say-On-Pay Advisory Vote. At our annual meeting of stockholders held in September 2012, our stockholders voted, on a non-binding, advisory basis, on the compensation of our named executive officers for 2011. A substantial majority (approximately 95%) of the total votes cast on our say-on-pay proposal at that meeting approved the compensation of our named officers for 2011 on a non-binding, advisory basis. The Compensation Committee and the Board believes that this affirms our stockholders’ support of our approach to executive compensation. The Compensation Committee expects to continue to consider the results of future stockholder say-on-pay advisory votes when making future compensation decisions for our named executive officers. We will hold an advisory vote on the compensation of named executive officers at our 2013 annual meeting of stockholders. Compensation Committee Report The Compensation Committee of the Company has reviewed and discussed the Compensation Discussion and Analysis required by Item 402(b) of Regulation S-K with management and, based on such review and discussions, the Compensation Committee recommended to the Board that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Form 10-K. THE COMPENSATION AND STOCK OPTION COMMITTEE Jack Lahav, Chairman Joe Reeder Dr. Charles E. Young 118 Summary Compensation The following table summarizes the total compensation paid or earned by each of the executive officers for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010. Name and Principal Position Year Salary Bonus ($) (3) Option Awards ($) (4) Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation ($) (5) All other Compensation ($) (6) Total Compensation ($) ($) 271,115 263,218 263,218 214,240 208,000 207,996              252,350  122,500 25,000 265,721 203,821  199,140 40,000 197,685 1,000 324,480 54,000       184,305 Dr. Louis Centofanti Chairman of the Board, President and Chief Executive Officer Ben Naccarato Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Jim Blankenhorn (1) Vice President and Chief Operating Officer Robert Schreiber, Jr. President of SYA Christopher Leichtweis (2) Senior Vice President and SEC President 2012 2011 2010 2012 2011 2010 2012 2011 2012 2011 2010 2012 2011  201,692 16,780  87,881 8,951  93,866      10,962 13,125 13,125 10,962 13,125 13,125 10,962 24,601 10,738 14,503 18,023 1,962  282,077 478,035 293,123 225,202 309,006 230,072 263,312 531,688 214,559 253,643 216,708 326,442 238,305 (1) Appointed as the Company’s Chief Operating Officer by the Company’s Board of Directors on February 18, 2011. Mr. Blankenhorn’s employment with the Company became effective on June 1, 2011; however, his actual date of employment was July 1, 2011 as he took a personal leave of absence through June 30, 2011. (2) Named as Senior Vice President of the Company and President of SEC on October 31, 2011 upon the Company’s acquisition of SEHC and its subsidiaries on October 31, 2011 from Homeland Security Capital Corporation (now known as Timios National Corporation or “TNC”). Mr. Leichtweis was a former officer and director of TNC. (3) (4) (5) The $1,000 earned by Mr. Schreiber for 2010 represents a bonus paid to him for 25 years of service with the Company. Mr. Schreiber received a $40,000 discretionary bonus in 2011 approved by our Chief Executive Officer, resulting from Mr. Schreiber’s management of corporate matters and his contribution to the Company’s research and development program. See footnotes (5) for bonus earned by the named executive officers under the Company’s MIP. The $25,000 bonus earned in 2011 by Mr. Blankenhorn represents a sign on bonus upon employment as the Company’s Chief Operating Officer. This amount reflects the aggregate grant date fair value of awards computed in accordance with ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation,” excluding the effect of forfeitures. No options were granted to any employees and the NEOs in 2012 . Represents performance compensation earned under the Company’s MIP. No performance compensation has been approved by the Compensation Committee under the 2012 MIPs, which are discretionary in nature (with the exception of the gross profit target under the SEC President’s MIP of which no amount was earned under this target). See further discussion of the 2012 MIPs under the heading “Management Incentive Plan.” 119 (6) The amount shown includes a monthly automobile allowance of $750 or the use of a company car, and our 401(k) matching contribution, where applicable. Name Dr. Louis Centofanti Ben Naccarato Jim Blankenhorn Robert Schreiber, Jr. Christopher Leichtweis 401(k) match 1,962 1,962 1,962 1,962 1,962 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Auto Allowance or Company Car 9,000 9,000 9,000 8,776  $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Total 10,962 10,962 10,962 10,738 1,962 The compensation plan under which the awards in the following table were made are generally described in the Compensation Discussion and Analysis in this section and include the Company’s MIP, which is a non- equity incentive plan, and the Company’s 2004 Stock Option Plan and 2010 Stock Option Plan, which provides for grant of stock options to our employees. Grant of Plan-Based Awards Under Non-Equity Incentive Plan Awards Threshold $ $ Target Maximum $ (1) (1) (1) 235,870 94,266 219,544      360,000 (2) 720,000 (2) Name Grant Date Dr. Louis Centofanti Ben Naccarato Jim Blankenhorn Robert Schreiber, Jr. Christopher Leichtweis N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A      Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Options (#) or Base Price of Option Awards ($/Sh) Fair Value of Option Awards ($)                (1) The Compensation Committee approved discretionary MIP for each of our CEO, CFO, and COO, with the maximum payment payable, representing 87%, 44%, and 87%, of the base salary of the CEO, CFO, and COO, respectively. Each 2012 MIP authorizes the Compensation Committee to recommend a cash incentive bonus to the executive for performance during the 2012 calendar year, if the Compensation Committee determines, in its sole discretion, that such bonus compensation is appropriate. (2) The amount shown in “Target” reflects the minimum payment level under the MIP amended on July 12, 2012 which is paid with the achievement of 100% or greater of the SEC Gross Profit target. The SEC President’s amended MIP removed the requirement that net income target be achieved for the fiscal year 2012 and provides that a discretionary bonus will be payable only if recommended by the Compensation Committee and approval by the Board of Directors; therefore, no amount was included under the “Target” for the net income target. This discretionary bonus may not exeed $360,000. The “Maximum” reflects the maximum payment level of achieving 100% or greater of the SEC Gross Profit target and the maximum amount payable under the discretionary bonus of $360,000. See “Management Incentive Plans” for further discussion of Chris Leichtweis’s MIP. 120 Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year The following table sets forth unexercised options held by the NEOs as of the fiscal year-end. Outstanding Equity Awards at December 31, 2012 Option Awards Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options Options (#) (1) Unexercisable Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Unearned Option Exercise Options Price ($) Name Dr. Louis Centofanti Ben Naccarato (#) Exercisable 100,000 150,000 20,000 40,000 75,000 — — — — — Jim Blankenhorn 100,000 300,000 Robert Schreiber, Jr. Christopher Leichtweis 50,000 25,000 62,500 — — 187,500 (2) (3) (#) — — — — — — — — Option Expiration Date 2/27/2013 8/5/2014 10/28/2014 8/5/2014 2/26/2015 2.19 2.28 1.44 2.28 1.42 1.57 7/25/2017 2.19 2.28 1.35 2/27/2013 8/5/2014 10/31/2021 (1) In the event of a change in control (as defined in the Option Plan) of the Company, each outstanding option and award shall immediately become exercisable in full notwithstanding the vesting or exercise provisions contained in the stock option agreement. (2) Incentive stock option granted on July 25, 2011 under the Company’s 2010 Stock Option Plan. The option is for a six year term and vests over a three year period, at one third increments per year. (3) Non-qualified stock option granted on October 31, 2011, pursuant to a Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement, dated October 31, 2011. The option is for a ten year term and vests over a four year period, at one fourth increments per year. None of the Company’s NEOs exercised options during 2012. Compensation of Directors Directors who are employees receive no additional compensation for serving on the Board of Directors or its committees. In 2012, we provided the following annual compensation to directors who are not employees: • • on the date of our 2012 Annual Meeting, each of our five continuing non-employee directors was awarded options to purchase 12,000 shares of our Common Stock. The grant date fair value of each option award received by our non-employee directors was $0.71 per share, based on the date of grant, pursuant to ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation;” a quarterly director fee of $6,500. This quarterly fee was increased to $8,000 effective April 1, 2012; an additional quarterly fee of $1,000 to the chairman of our R&D Committee, which was disbanded on September 13, 2012 (see “Item 10 – Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance – Research and Development Committee” for further information regarding this committee); an additional quarterly fee of $5,500 to the chairman of our Audit Committee; and a fee of $1,000 for each board meeting attendance and a $500 fee for each telephonic conference call attendance. • • • Each director may elect to have 65% or 100% of such fees payable in Common Stock under the 2003 121 Outside Director Plan, with the balance payable in cash. The table below summarizes the director compensation expenses recognized by the Company for the director option and stock (resulting from fees earned) awards for the year ended December 31, 2012. The terms of the 2003 Outside Directors Plan are further described below under “2003 Outside Directors Plan.” Director Compensation Fees Earned or Name Mark Zwecker Robert L. Ferguson (4) Jack Lahav Joe R. Reeder Charles E. Young Larry M. Shelton In Cash ($) (1) 20,300 9,918 — 12,775 12,600 12,775 Paid Stock Awards ($) (2) Option Awards ($) (3) 50,266 24,559 46,668 31,633 31,200 31,633 8,520 — 8,520 8,520 8,520 8,520 Change in Pension Value and Nonqualified Deferred Compensation Earnings Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compensation ($) — — — — — — ($) — — — — — — All Other Compensation Total ($) — — — — — — ($) 79,086 34,477 55,188 52,928 52,320 52,928 (1) Under the 2003 Outside Directors Plan, each director elects to receive 65% or 100% of the director’s fees in shares of our Common Stock. The amounts set forth above represent the portion of the director’s fees paid in cash and excludes the value of the director’s fee elected to be paid in Common Stock under the 2003 Outside Director Plan, which value is included under “Stock Awards.” (2) The number of shares of Common Stock comprising stock awards granted under the 2003 Outside Directors Plan is calculated based on 75% of the closing market value of the Common Stock as reported on the NASDAQ on the business day immediately preceding the date that the quarterly fee is due. Such shares are fully vested on the date of grant. The value of the stock award is based on the market value of our Common Stock at each quarter end times the number of shares issuable under the award. The amount shown is the fair value of the Common Stock on the date of the award. (3) Options granted under the Company’s 2003 Outside Director Plan resulting from re-election to the Board of Directors on September 13, 2012. Options are for a 10 year period with an exercise price of $1.10 per share and are fully vested in six months from grant date. The value of the option award for each outside director is calculated based on the fair value of the option per share ($0.71) on the date of grant times the number of options granted, which was 12,000 for each director, pursuant to ASC 718, “Compensation – Stock Compensation.” The following is the aggregate number of outstanding non- qualified stock options held by non-employee directors at December 31, 2012: Name Mark A. Zwecker Jack Lahav Joe R. Reeder Charles E. Young Larry M. Shelton Options Outstanding as of December 12, 2012 120,000 120,000 135,000 138,000 102,000 (4) Elected not to stand for re-election at the Company’s 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on September 13, 2012. 2003 Outside Directors Plan We believe that it is important for our directors to have a personal interest in our success and growth and for their interests to be aligned with those of our stockholders. Therefore, under our 2003 Outside Directors Stock Plan (“2003 Directors Plan”), each outside director is granted a 10 year option to purchase up to 30,000 shares of Common Stock on the date such director is initially elected to the Board of Directors, and receives on each re-election date an option to purchase up to another 12,000 shares of Common Stock, with the exercise price being the fair market value of the Common Stock preceding the option grant date. No option granted under the 2003 Directors Plan is exercisable until after the expiration of six months from the 122 date the option is granted and no option shall be exercisable after the expiration of ten years from the date the option is granted. Options to purchase 816,000 shares of Common Stock have been granted and are outstanding under the 2003 Directors Plan, of which 756,000 were vested as of December 31, 2012. We periodically review compensation paid to our outside directors against compensation paid by our Peer Group (see companies comprising the Peer Group in “Item 11 – Executive Compensation – The Committee’s Process – Peer Group Assessment”) to their outside directors to insure that our outside directors are adequately compensated. As a member of the Board of Directors, each director elects to receive either 65% or 100% of the director's fee in shares of our Common Stock. The number of shares received by each director is calculated based on 75% of the fair market value of the Common Stock determined on the business day immediately preceding the date that the quarterly fee is due. The balance of each director’s fee, if any, is payable in cash. In 2012, the fees earned by our outside directors totaled approximately $284,000. Reimbursements of expenses for attending meetings of the Board are paid in cash at the time of the applicable Board meeting. As a management director, Dr. Centofanti is not eligible to participate in the 2003 Directors Plan. Although Dr. Centofanti is not compensated for his services provided as a director, Dr. Centofanti is compensated for his services rendered as an officer of the Company. See “EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION — Summary Compensation Table.” As of December 31, 2012, we have issued 1,114,466 shares of our Common Stock in payment of director fees since the inception of the 2003 Directors Plan. In the event of a “change of control” (as defined in the 2003 Outside Directors Stock Plan), each outstanding stock option and stock award shall immediately become exercisable in full notwithstanding the vesting or exercise provisions contained in the stock option agreement. Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation During 2012, the Compensation and Stock Option Committee of our Board of Directors was composed of Jack Lahav (Chairperson), Joe Reeder, and Dr. Charles E. Young. None of the members of the Compensation and Stock Option Committee has been an officer or employee of the Company or has had any relationship with the Company requiring disclosure under applicable Securities and Exchange Commission regulations. ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners The table below sets forth information as to the shares of Common Stock beneficially owned as of February 20, 2013, by each person known by us to be the beneficial owners of more than 5% of any class of our voting securities. Name of Beneficial Owner Heartland Advisors, Inc. (2) Rutabaga Capital Management (3) Title Of Class Common Common Amount and Nature of Ownership 8,484,298 3,700,127 Percent Of Class (1) 15.10% 6.58% (1) The number of shares and the percentage of outstanding Common Stock shown as beneficially owned by a person are based upon 56,272,649 shares of Common Stock outstanding (excludes 38,210 shares held in treasury) on February 20, 2012, and the number of shares of Common Stock which such person has the right to acquire beneficial ownership of within 60 days. Beneficial ownership by our stockholders has been determined in accordance with the rules promulgated under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act. (2) This information is based on the Schedule 13G/A, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) on February 7, 2013, which provides that Heartland Advisors, Inc., an investment advisor, shares voting power over 8,214,898 of such shares and shares dispositive power over all of the shares, and no sole voting or sole dispositive power over any of the shares. The address of Heartland Advisors, Inc. is 789 North Water Street, Suite 500, Milwaukee, WI 53202. 123 (3) This information is based on the Schedule 13G/A filed with the Commission on February 15, 2013, which provides that Rutabaga Capital Management, an investment advisor, has sole voting power over 3,225,994 shares and shared voting power over 474,133 shares and sole dispositive power over all of these shares. The address of Rutabaga Capital Management is 64 Broad Street, 3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02109. Capital Bank represented to us that: • As of February 20, 2013, Capital Bank holds of record as a nominee for, and as an agent of, certain accredited investors, 7,506,970 shares of our Common Stock.; • All of our shares of Common Stock held in the name of Capital Bank, as agent of and nominee for its investors, that were acquired directly from us in private placement transactions, or as a result of conversions of our preferred stock or exercise of our warrants (collectively, “Private Placement Transactions”), and all of our shares acquired in Private Placement Transactions by Capital Bank were acquired for and on behalf of accredited investors; • During 2012 and the first two months of 2013, it acquired, as agent for and nominee of, certain of its investors, shares of our Common Stock in open market transactions (“Open Market Transactions”); • None of Capital Bank's investors beneficially own more than 4.9% of our Common Stock and to its best knowledge, as far as stocks held in accounts with Capital Bank, none of Capital Bank’s investors act together as a group or otherwise act in concert for the purpose of voting on matters subject to the vote of our stockholders or for purpose of dispositive or investment of such stock; • Capital Bank's investors maintain full voting and dispositive power over the Common Stock beneficially owned by such investors; • Capital Bank has neither voting nor investment power over the shares of Common Stock owned by Capital Bank, as agent for its investors; • Capital Bank believes that it is not required to file reports under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act or to file either Schedule 13D or Schedule 13G in connection with the shares of our Common Stock registered in the name of Capital Bank; and • Capital Bank is not the beneficial owner, as such term is defined in Rule 13d-3 of the Exchange Act, of the shares of Common Stock registered in Capital Bank’s name because (a) Capital Bank holds the Common Stock as a nominee only, (b) Capital Bank has neither voting nor investment power over such shares, and (c) Capital Bank has not nominated or sought to nominate, and does not intend to nominate in the future, any person to serve as a member of our Board of Directors. Notwithstanding the previous paragraph, if Capital Bank's representations to us described above are incorrect or if Capital Bank's investors are acting as a group, then Capital Bank or a group of Capital Bank's investors could be a beneficial owner of more than 5% of our voting securities. If Capital Bank is deemed the beneficial owner of such shares, the following table sets forth information as to the shares of voting securities that Capital Bank may be considered to beneficially own on February 20, 2013. Name of Record Owner Capital Bank Grawe Gruppe Title Of Class Common Amount and Nature of Ownership 7,506,970(+) Percent Of Class (*) 13.34% (*) This calculation is based upon 56,272,649 shares of Common Stock outstanding on February 20, 2013, plus the number of shares of Common Stock which Capital Bank, as agent for certain accredited investors has the right to acquire within 60 days, which is none. (+) This amount is the number of shares that Capital Bank has represented to us that it holds of record as nominee for, and as an agent of, certain of its accredited investors. As of the date of this report, Capital Bank has no warrants or options to acquire, as agent for certain investors, additional shares of our Common Stocks. Although Capital Bank is the record holder of the shares of Common Stock described in this note, Capital Bank has advised us that it does not believe it is a beneficial owner of the Common Stock or that it is required to file reports under Section 16(a) or Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act. Because Capital Bank 124 (a) has advised us that it holds the Common Stock as a nominee only and that it does not exercise voting or investment power over the Common Stock held in its name and that no one investor of Capital Bank for which it holds our Common Stock holds more than 4.9% of our issued and outstanding Common Stock and (b) has not nominated, and has not sought to nominate, and does not intend to nominate in the future, any person to serve as a member of our Board of Directors, we do not believe that Capital Bank is our affiliate. Capital Bank's address is Burgring 16, A-8010 Graz, Austria. Security Ownership of Management The following table sets forth information as to the shares of voting securities beneficially owned as of February 20, 2013, by each of our Directors and NEOs and by all of our directors and executive officers as a group. Beneficial ownership has been determined in accordance with the rules promulgated under Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act. A person is deemed to be a beneficial owner of any voting securities for which that person has the right to acquire beneficial ownership within 60 days. Name of Beneficial Owner (2) Dr. Louis F. Centofanti (3) Jack Lahav (4) Joe R. Reeder (5) Larry M. Shelton (6) Dr. Charles E. Young (7) Mark A. Zwecker (8) Robert Schreiber, Jr. (9) Ben Naccarato (10) Christopher Leichtweis (11) James Blankenhorn (12) Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (10 persons) Amount and Nature of Beneficial Owner 1,241,524 980,573 777,713 217,213 243,435 549,772 180,292 135,000 809,612 (3) (4) (5) (6) (7) (8) (9) (10) (11) (12) 100,000 5,235,134 (13) Percent of Class (1) 2.20% 1.74% 1.38% * * * * * 1.44% * 9.10% *Indicates beneficial ownership of less than one percent (1%). (1) See footnote (1) of the table under “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners.” (2) The business address of each person, for the purposes hereof, is c/o Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., 8302 Dunwoody Place, Suite 250, Atlanta, Georgia 30350. (3) These shares include (i) 677,524 shares held of record by Dr. Centofanti, (ii) options to purchase 250,000 shares, which are immediately exercisable, and (iii) 314,000 shares held by Dr. Centofanti's wife. Dr. Centofanti has sole voting and investment power of these shares, except for the shares held by Dr. Centofanti's wife, over which Dr. Centofanti shares voting and investment power. (4) Mr. Lahav has sole voting and investment power over these shares which include: (i) 860,573 shares of Common Stock held of record by Mr. Lahav, and (ii) options to purchase 108,000 shares, which are immediately exercisable and options to purchase 12,000 shares, which are exercisable on March 13, 2013. (5) Mr. Reeder has sole voting and investment power over these shares which include: (i) 642,713 shares of Common Stock held of record by Mr. Reeder, and (ii) options to purchase 123,000 shares, which are immediately exercisable, and options to purchase 12,000 shares, which are exercisable on March 13, 2013. (6) Mr. Shelton has sole voting and investment power over these shares which include: (i) 115,213 shares of Common Stock held of record by Mr. Shelton, and (ii) options to purchase 90,000 shares, which are immediately exercisable, and options to purchase 12,000 shares, which are exercisable on March 13, 2013. 125 (7) Dr. Young has sole voting and investment power over these shares which include: (i) 105,435 shares held of record by Dr. Young; and (ii) options to purchase 126,000 shares, which are immediately exercisable, and options to purchase 12,000 shares, which are exercisable on March 13, 2013. (8) Mr. Zwecker has sole voting and investment power over these shares which include: (i) 429,772 shares of Common Stock held of record by Mr. Zwecker, and (ii) options to purchase 108,000 shares, which are immediately exercisable, and options to purchase 12,000 shares, which are exercisable on March 13, 2013. (9) Mr. Schreiber shares voting and investment power, with his spouse, over 105,292 shares of Common Stock beneficially held and sole voting and investment power over options to purchase 75,000 shares, which are immediately exercisable. (10) Mr. Naccarato has sole voting and investment power over these shares which include: options to purchase 135,000 shares, that are immediately exercisable. (11)Mr. Leichtweis has sole voting and investment power over these shares which include: (i) 747,112 shares of Common Stock held of record by Mr. Leichtweis, and (ii) options to purchase 62,500 shares, which are immediately exercisable. (12) Mr. Blankenhorn has sole voting and investment power over these shares which include: options to purchase 100,000 shares, that are immediately exercisable. (13)Amount includes 1,177,500 options, which are immediately exercisable to purchase 1,177,500 shares of Common Stock, and 60,000 options which are exercisable on March 13, 2013 to purchase up to 60,000 shares of Common Stock. Equity Compensation Plans The following table sets forth information as of December 31, 2012, with respect to our equity compensation plans. Equity Compensation Plan Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options warrants and rights (a) Weighted average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights (b) Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a) (c) 2,394,000 250,000 2,644,000 $2.03 $1.35 $1.96 2,434,199 — 2,434,199 Plan Category Equity compensation plans Approved by stockholders Equity compensation plans not Approved by stockholders (1) Total (1) These shares are issuable pursuant to options granted to Mr. Christopher Leichtweis pursuant to a Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement dated October 31, 2011. Mr. Leichtweis was named a Senior Vice President and President of SEC on October 31, 2011, upon the Company’s acquisition of SEHC and its subsidiaries on October 31, 2011 from Homeland Security Capital Corporation (now know as Timios National Corporation or “TNC”). Mr. Leichtweis was a former officer and director of TNC. ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE Review of Related Party Transactions Our Audit Committee Charter provides for the review by our Audit Committee of any related party transactions, other than transactions involving an employment relationship with the Company, which are reviewed by the Compensation and Stock Option Committee. Although the Company does not have written 126 policies for the review of related party transactions, the Audit Committee reviews transactions between the Company and its directors, executive officers, and their respective immediate family members. In approving or rejecting a proposed transaction, the Audit Committee takes into account, among other factors it deems appropriate: (1) the extent of the related person’s interest in the transaction; (2) whether the transaction is on terms generally available to an unaffiliated third-party under the same or similar circumstances; (3) the cost and benefit to the Company; (4) the impact or potential impact on a director’s independence in the event the related party is a director, an immediate family member of a director or an entity in which a director is a partner, stockholder or executive officer; (5) the availability of other sources for comparable products or services; (5) the terms of the transaction; and (6) the risks to the Company. Related party transactions are reviewed at Audit Committee Meetings (which is held at least quarterly) prior to the consummation of the transaction. With respect to a related party transaction arising between Audit Committee meetings, the Chief Financial Officer may present it to the Audit Committee Chairman, who will review and may approve the related party transaction subject to ratification by the Audit Committee at the next scheduled meeting. Our Audit Committee shall approve only those transactions that, in light of known circumstances, are not inconsistent with the Company’s best interest. Related Party Transactions Mr. Robert Schreiber, Jr. During March 2011, we entered into a lease with Lawrence Properties LLC, a company jointly owned by Robert Schreiber, Jr., the President of Schreiber, Yonley and Associates, and Mr. Schreiber’s spouse. Mr. Schreiber is a member of our executive management team. The lease is for a term of five years starting June 1, 2011. Under the lease, we pay monthly rent of approximately $11,400, which we believe is lower than costs charged by unrelated third party landlords. Additional rent will be assessed for any increases over the new lease commencement year for property taxes or assessments and property and casualty insurance premiums. Mr. David Centofanti Mr. David Centofanti serves as our Director of Information Services. For such services, he received total compensation in 2012 of approximately $165,000. Mr. David Centofanti is the son of our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of our Board, Dr. Louis F. Centofanti. We believe the compensation received by Mr. Centofanti for his technical expertise which he provides to the Company is competitive and comparable to compensation we would have to pay to an unaffiliated third party with the same technical expertise. Mr. Robert L. Ferguson On June 13, 2007, we acquired Nuvotec (n/k/a Perma-Fix Northwest, Inc. or “PFNW”) and Nuvotec's wholly owned subsidiary, PEcoS (n/k/a Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc. or “PFNWR”), pursuant to the terms of the Merger Agreement, as amended, between us, Nuvotec, PEcoS, and our wholly owned subsidiary. At the time of the acquisition, Robert L. Ferguson was the Chairman, Chief Executive Officer, and individually or through entities controlled by him, the owner of approximately 21.29% of Nuvotec’s outstanding common stock. In connection with the acquisition, Mr. Ferguson was nominated to serve as a Director and subsequently elected as a director at our Annual Meeting of Stockholders. Mr. Ferguson served as a director until his resignation in February 2010. Mr. Ferguson was recommended by the Corporate Governance and Nominating Committee and the Board of Directors nominated Mr. Ferguson to stand for election as a Director at our 2011 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, at which time he was elected as a Director. As consideration for the acquisition of PFNW and PFNWR by the Company, Mr. Ferguson (or entities controlled by him): (a) received a total of $224,560 cash and 192,783 shares of our Common Stock in July 2007; and (b) is entitled to receive 21.29% of an aggregate earn-out amount of $4,552,000, based on the annual revenues of our nuclear business (as defined) over the four year period ended on June 30, 2011. The aggregate earn-out amount was paid as follows: (i) an aggregate $2,574,000 in earn-out amount was paid in cash; and 127 (ii) we issued a promissory note, dated September 28, 2010, in the principle amount of $1,322,000, which provides for 36 equal monthly payments of $40,000, consisting of interest (annual interest rate of 6%) and principal, starting October 15, 2010. The total $3,896,000 in earn-out amount paid to date or to be paid pursuant to the promissory note excludes approximately $656,000 in Offset Amount, which represents potential indemnification obligations (as defined by the Merger Agreement) which may be payable to the Company by the former shareholders of Nuvotec. Pursuant to the Merger Agreement, the aggregate amount of any Offset Amount may total up to $1,000,000, except an Offset Amount is unlimited as to indemnification relating to liabilities for taxes, misrepresentation or inaccuracies with respect to the capitalization of Nuvotec or PEcoS or for willful or reckless misrepresentation of any representation, warranty or covenant. Mr. Ferguson also had a Warrant to purchase up to 135,000 of the Company’s Common Stock at $1.50 per share. Mr. Ferguson did not exercise the Warrant which expired on May 8, 2012. Mr. Ferguson elected not to stand for re-election as a director at the Company’s 2012 Annual Meeting of Stockholders held on September 13, 2012. Christopher Leichtweis The Company is obligated to make lease payments of approximately $29,000 per month through June 2018, pursuant to a Lease Agreement, dated June 1, 2008 (the “Lease”), between Leichtweis Enterprises, LLC, as lessor, and Safety and Ecology Holdings Corporation (“SEHC”), as lessee. Leichtweis Enterprises, LLC, is owned by Mr. Christopher Leichtweis, who was named a Senior Vice President of the Company and President of SEC upon the acquisition of SEHC and its subsidiaries by the Company from TNC on October 31, 2011. The Lease covers SEHC’s principal offices in Knoxville, Tennessee. Under an agreement of indemnity (“Indemnification Agreement”), SEC, Leichtweis and his spouse (“Leichtweis Parties”), jointly and severally, agreed to indemnify the individual surety with respect to contingent liabilities that may be incurred by the individual surety under certain of SEC’s bonded projects. In addition, SEC has agreed to indemnify Leichtweis Parties against judgments, penalties, fines, and expense associated with those SEC performance bonds that Leichtweis Parties have agreed to indemnify in the event SEC cannot perform, which has an aggregate bonded amount of approximately $10,900,000. The Indemnification Agreement provided by SEC to the Leichtweis Parties also provides for compensating the Leichtweis Parties at a rate of 0.75% of the value of bonds (60% having been paid previously and the balance at substantial completion of the contract). On February 14, 2013, the Company entered into a Settlement and Release Agreement and Amendment to Employment Agreement (the “Leichtweis Settlement), in final settlement of certain claims made by us against Leichtweis in connection with the Disputed Claims asserted by the Company against TNC. The Leichtweis Settlement terminated our obligation to pay the Leichtweis Parties a fee under the Indemnification Agreement. Upon the closing of the acquisition of SEHC and its subsidiaries by the Company from TNC on October 31, 2011, certain security holders of TNC (“Management Investors”) purchased 813,007 restricted shares of the Company’s Common Stock for a total consideration of approximately $1,000,000, or $1.23 a share, which was the average of the closing prices of the Company’s Common Stock as quoted on the Nasdaq during the 30 trading days ending on the trading day immediately prior to the closing of the acquisition. The purchase of the Company’s Common Stock was pursuant to a private placement under Section 4(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”) or Rule 506 of Regulation D promulgated under the Act. Mr. Leichtweis purchased 747,112 of the 813,007 shares of the Company’s Common Stock for the aggregate purchase price of approximately $918,948 or $1.23 per share. The purchase price for these shares was deducted from the consideration paid to TNC for the acquisition of SEHC. Employment Agreements We have an employment agreement with each of Dr. Centofanti (our President and Chief Executive Officer), Ben Naccarato (our Chief Financial Officer), James Blankenhorn (our Chief Operating Officer) and Christopher Leichtweis (our Senior Vice President). Each employment agreement provides for annual 128 base salaries, bonuses, and other benefits commonly found in such agreements. In addition, each employment agreement provides that in the event of termination of such officer without cause or termination by the officer for good reason (as such terms are defined in the employment agreement), the terminated officer shall receive payments of an amount equal to benefits that have accrued as of the termination but not yet paid, plus an amount equal to one year’s base salary at the time of termination. In addition, the employment agreements provide that in the event of a change in control (as defined in the employment agreements), all outstanding stock options to purchase our Common Stock granted to, and held by, the officer covered by the employment agreement to be immediately vested and exercisable. Mr. Leichtweis’s employment agreement (“Leichtweis Employment Agreement”) was entered into on October 31, 2011, in connection with the acquisition of SEC. Leichtweis Employment Agreement provides for an annual base salary of $324,480, plus bonus under certain conditions, and is effective for four years. The Leichtweis Settlement, as discussed above, amended the Leichtweis Employment Agreement by reducing the base salary of Leichtweis by $30,000 per year commencing the earlier occurrence of (i) the date the Company files its 2012 Form 10-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or (ii) April 1, 2013, and continuing for a period of three years from such date (or, if the Leichtweis Employment Agreement is earlier terminated, through the date of such earlier termination). ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANTS’ FEES AND SERVICES Audit Fees The aggregate fees and expenses billed by BDO USA, LLP (“BDO”) for professional services rendered for the audit of the Company's annual financial statements for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, for the reviews of the financial statements included in the Company's Quarterly Reports on Form 10- Q for those fiscal years, and for review of documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission for those fiscal years were approximately $623,000 and $602,000, respectively. Audit fees for 2012 and 2011 include approximately $140,000 and $105,000, respectively, in fees related to the audit of internal control over financial reporting. Audit-Related Fees The aggregate fees and expenses billed by BDO for audit-related services for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 totaled $56,000 and $43,000, respectively. Fees for 2012 and 2011 included consulting on various accounting and reporting matters and audit of the Company’s 401(K) Plan. Tax Services BDO was engaged to provide tax services to the Company for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, resulting in fees totaling approximately $0 and $35,000, respectively. The Audit Committee of the Company's Board of Directors has considered whether BDO’s provision of the services described above for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011 is compatible with maintaining its independence. Engagement of the Independent Auditor The Audit Committee approves in advance all engagements with BDO and any members of the BDO Seidman Alliance network of firms to perform audit or non-audit services for us. All services under the headings Audit Fees, Audit Related Fees, and Tax Services were approved by the Audit Committee pursuant to paragraph (c)(7)(i)(C) of Rule 2-01 of Regulation S-X of the Exchange Act. The Audit Committee's pre-approval policy provides as follows: 129 • • • The Audit Committee will review and pre-approve on an annual basis all audits, audit-related, tax and other services, along with acceptable cost levels, to be performed by BDO and any member of the BDO Seidman Alliance network of firms, and may revise the pre-approved services during the period based on later determinations. Pre-approved services typically include: Audits, quarterly reviews, regulatory filing requirements, consultation on new accounting and disclosure standards, employee benefit plan audits, reviews and reporting on management's internal controls and specified tax matters. Any proposed service that is not pre-approved on the annual basis requires a specific pre- approval by the Audit Committee, including cost level approval. The Audit Committee may delegate pre-approval authority to one or more of the Audit Committee members. The delegated member must report to the Audit Committee, at the next Audit Committee meeting, any pre-approval decisions made. ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULE PART IV The following documents are filed as a part of this report: (a)(1) Consolidated Financial Statements See Item 8 for the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements. (a)(2) Financial Statement Schedule See Item 8 for the Index to Consolidated Financial Statements (which includes the Index to the Financial Statement Schedule) (a)(3) Exhibits The Exhibits listed in the Exhibit Index are filed or incorporated by reference as a part of this report. 130 Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. SIGNATURES Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. By /s/ Dr. Louis F. Centofanti Dr. Louis F. Centofanti Chairman of the Board Chief Executive Officer By /s/ Ben Naccarato Ben Naccarato Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer Date March 22, 2013 Date March 22, 2013 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in capacities and on the dates indicated. By /s/ Dr. Louis F. Centofanti Dr. Louis F. Centofanti, Director Date March 22, 2013 By /s/ Jack Lahav Jack Lahav, Director By /s/ Joe R. Reeder Joe R. Reeder, Director By /s/ Larry M. Shelton Larry M. Shelton, Director By /s/ Charles E. Young Charles E. Young, Director By /s/ Mark A. Zwecker Mark A. Zwecker, Director Date March 22, 2013 Date March 22, 2013 Date March 22, 2013 Date March 22, 2013 Date March 22, 2013 131 SCHEDULE II PERMA-FIX ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES, INC. VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS For the years ended December 31, 2012, 2011, and 2010 (Dollars in thousands) Description Year ended December 31, 2012: Allowance for doubtful accounts- continuing operations Allowance for doubtful accounts- discontinued operations Allowance for deferred tax assets Year ended December 31, 2011: Allowance for doubtful accounts- continuing operations Allowance for doubtful accounts- discontinued operations Allowance for deferred tax assets Year ended December 31, 2010: Allowance for doubtful accounts- continuing operations Allowance for doubtful accounts- discontinued operations Allowance for deferred tax assets $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Balance at Beginning of Year Additions Charged to Costs, Expenses and Other Additions/ (Deductions) Due to Acquisition/D ivestitures Deductions Balance at End of Year 2,441 48 7,360 215 97 11,944 226 70 10,339 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 160 $ ─ $ 94 (b) $ 2,507 6 (1,631) $ ─ $ (a) $ ─ $ 9 ─ (b) $ $ 45 5,729 83 175 5,087 $ $ $ 2,260 (163) 503 $ $ $ 117 (b) $ 2,441 61 ─ (b) $ $ 48 7,360 59 $ ─ $ 70 (b) $ 215 75 1,605 $ ─ $ $ ─ $ 48 ─ (b) $ $ 97 11,944 (a) Reversal of allowance on deferred tax asset primarily from valuation provided for state net operating loss (“NOL”) related to asset impairment. (b) Customer receivables deemed to be uncollectible. 132 Exhibit No. 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 3(i) EXHIBIT INDEX Description Agreement and Plan of Merger dated April 27, 2007, by and among Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., Nuvotec USA, Inc., Pacific EcoSolutions, Inc. and PESI Transitory, Inc., which is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed May 3, 2007. The Company will furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted exhibits or schedule to the Commission upon request. First Amendment to Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated June 13, 2007, by and among Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., Nuvotec USA, Inc., Pacific EcoSolutions, Inc., and PESI Transitory, Inc., which is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 2.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K, filed June 19, 2007. The Company will furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted exhibits or schedule to the Commission upon request. Stock Purchase Agreement by and between Triumvirate Environmental, Inc., and Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., dated June 13, 2011, which is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2011. The Company will furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted exhibits or schedule to the Commission upon request. Stock Purchase Agreement dated July 15, 2011, by and among Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., Homeland Security Capital Corporation (now known as Timios National Corporation or “TNC”), and Safety and Ecology Holdings Corporation, which is incorporated by references from Exhibit 2.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on July 20, Asset Purchase Agreement by and among Triumvirate Environmental, Inc., Triumvirate Environmental (Florida), Inc. and Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., and Perma-Fix of Orlando, Inc., dated August 12, 2011 which was filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s 8-K filed on August 17, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference.. Escrow Agreement, dated October 31, 2011, between the Company, Homeland Security Capital Corporation, and Suntrust Bank, which was filed as Exhibit 2.3 to the Company’s 8- K filed on November 4, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. Letter Agreement (Net Working Capital Adjustments), dated October 31, 2011, between the Company, Safety & Ecology Holdings Corporation and Homeland Security Capital Corporation, which was filed as Exhibit 2.4 to the Company’s 8-K filed on November 4, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. Letter Agreement (Escrow), dated October 31, 2011, between the Company, Safety & Ecology Holdings Corporation and Homeland Security Capital Corporation, which was filed as Exhibit 2.5 to the Company’s 8-K filed on November 4, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. Letter Agreement (Note Prepayment), dated October 31, 2011, between the Company, Safety & Ecology Holdings Corporation and Homeland Security Capital Corporation, which was filed as Exhibit 2.6 to the Company’s 8-K filed on November 4, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. Restated Certificate of Incorporation, as amended, is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3(i) to the Company’s 2008 Form 10-K filed on March 31, 2009. 4.2 4.1 3(ii) Amended and Restated Bylaws of Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., dated March 29, 2012, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 3(ii) to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 3, 2012. Specimen Common Stock Certificate as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.3 to the Company's Registration Statement, No. 33-51874. Rights Agreement dated as of May 2, 2008 between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as Rights Agent, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on May 8, 2008. Letter Agreement dated September 29, 2008, between the Company and Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.3 to the Company’s Form 8-A/A filed on October 2, 2008. Loan and Securities Purchase Agreement, dated May 8, 2009 between William N. Lampson, Diehl Rettig, and Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. as incorporated by 4.3 4.4 133  4.5 4.6 4.7 4.8 4.9 4.10 4.11 4.12 4.13 4.14 10.1 10.2 10.3 10.4 10.5 10.6 10.7 10.8 reference from Exhibit 4.1 to the Company Form 10-Q filed on May 11, 2009. Promissory Note dated May 8, 2009 between William N. Lampson, Diehl Rettig, and Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.2 to the Company Form 10-Q filed on May 11, 2009. Common Stock Purchase Warrant, dated May 8, 2009, for William N. Lampson, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.3 to the Company Form 10-Q filed on May 11, 2009. Common Stock Purchase Warrant, dated May 8, 2009, for Diehl Rettig, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.4 to the Company Form 10-Q filed on May 11, 2009. First Amendment to Loan and Securities Purchase Agreement, dated April 18, 2011, between Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., William N. Lampson, and Anne Rettig, the fully appointed and acting Personal Representative of the Estate of Diehl Rettig, Deceased, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 22, 2011. First Amendment to Promissory Note, dated April 18, 2011, between Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., William N. Lampson, and Anne Rettig, the fully appointed and acting Personal Representative of the Estate of Diehl Rettig, Deceased, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 22, 2011. First Amendment to Common Stock Purchase Warrant, dated April 18, 2011, between Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., and William N. Lampson, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 22, 2011. First Amendment to Common Stock Purchase Warrant, dated April 18, 2011, between Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., and Anne Rettig, the fully appointed and acting Personal Representative of the Estate of Diehl Rettig, Deceased, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on April 22, 2011. Non-negotiable Promissory Note issued by Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., to Homeland Security Capital Corporation, dated October 31, 2011, which was filed as Exhibit 2.2 to the Company’s 8-K filed on November 4, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. Amended and Restated Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement between Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. and PNC Bank, National Association (as Lender and as Agent), dated October 31, 2011, which was filed as Exhibit 99.4 to the Company’s 8- K filed on November 4, 2011. First Amendment to Amended and Restated Revolving Credit, Term Loan and Security Agreement, dated November 7, 2012, between the Company and PNC Bank, National Association, as incorporated by reference from exhibit 4.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2012, filed on November 8, 2012. 1992 Outside Directors' Stock Option Plan of the Company as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to the Company's Registration Statement, No. 33-51874. First Amendment to 1992 Outside Directors' Stock Option Plan as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended year ended June 30, 2010, filed on August 6, 2010. Second Amendment to the Company's 1992 Outside Directors' Stock Option Plan, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended year ended June 30, 2010, filed on August 6, 2010. Third Amendment to the Company's 1992 Outside Directors' Stock Option Plan as incorporated by reference from the Company’s Proxy Statement dated November 8, 1996. Fourth Amendment to the Company's 1992 Outside Directors' Stock Option Plan as incorporated by reference from the Company’s Proxy Statement dated April 20, 1998.. 1993 Non-qualified Stock Option Plan as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to the Company's Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2010, filed on August 6, 2010. 401(K) Profit Sharing Plan and Trust of the Company as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.5 to the Company's Registration Statement, No. 33-51874. 2003 Outside Directors' Stock Plan of the Company as incorporated by reference from “Exhibit B” to the Company’s Proxy Statement dated June 20, 2003. 134 10.9 10.10 10.11 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10.16 10.17 10.18 1019 10.20 10.21 10.22 10.23 10.24 First Amendment to 2003 Outside Directors Stock Plan, as incorporated by reference from Appendix “A” to the Company’s 2008 Proxy Statement dated July 3, 2008. Second Amendment to 2003 Outside Directors Stock Plan, as incorporated by reference from Appendix “A” to the Company’ 2012 Proxy Statement dated August 6, 2012. 2004 Stock Option Plan of the Company as incorporated by reference from “Exhibit A” to the Company’s Proxy Statement dated June 21, 2004. Consent Decree, dated December 12, 2007, between United States of America and Perma- Fix of Dayton, Inc., as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.29 to the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2007 filed with the SEC on April 1, 2008. Subcontract between CH2M Hill Plateau Remediation Company, Inc. (“CHPRC”) and East Tennessee Materials & Energy Corporation, dated May 27, 2008., as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to the company’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2010 filed on August 6, 2010. Consent Agreement dated September 26, 2008 between Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc. and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2008 filed on November 10, 2008. Second Amendment to Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated November 18, 2008 by and among Perma-Fix Northwest, Inc., Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc., Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., and Robert L. Ferguson, an individual, and William N. Lampson, an individual, as Representatives, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 21, 2008. Third Amendment to Agreement and Plan of Merger; Second Amendment to Paying Agent Agreement, and Termination of Escrow Agreement, dated September 29, 2009 by and among Perma-Fix Northwest, Inc. (f/k/a Nuvotec USA, Inc.); Perma-Fix Northwest Richland, Inc. (f/n/a Pacific EcoSolutions, Inc.); Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc.; Nuvotrust Liquidation Trust; Nuvotrust Trustee, LLC; Robert L. Ferguson, William N. Lampson; Rettig Osborne Forgette, LLP; and The Bank of New York Company, Inc., which is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on October 5, 2009. 2010 Incentive Compensation Plan for Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, effective January 1, 2010, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8- K filed on March 3, 2010. 2010 Incentive Compensation Plan for Chief Executive Officer, effective January 1, 2010, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on March 3, 2010. Earn-Out Promissory Note, dated September 28, 2010, between the Company and Nuvotrust Northwest Liquidation Trust, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 10-Q for quarter ended September 30, 2010, filed on November 5, 2010. 2010 Stock Option Plan of the Company as incorporated by reference from “Appendix A” to the Company's 2010 Proxy Statement dated August 20, 2010. Offer letter for position of COO dated February 18, 2011 from the Company to Mr. James A. Blankenhorn, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Form 8- K, filed on February 22, 2011. 2011 Incentive Compensation Plan for President and Chief Executive Officer, effective January 1, 2011, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8- K filed on March 23, 2011. 2011 Incentive Compensation Plan for Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, effective January 1, 2011, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8- K filed on March 23, 2011. 2011 Incentive Compensation Plan for Vice President, Chief Operating Officer, effective January 1, 2011, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 8- K filed on March 23, 2011. 135 10.25 10.26 10.27 10.28 Employment Agreement dated August 24, 2011 between Louis Centofanti, Chief Executive Officer, and Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., which is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on August 30, 2011. Employment Agreement dated August 24, 2011 between Ben Naccarato, Chief Financial Officer, and Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., which is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on August 30, 2011. Employment Agreement dated August 24, 2011 between Jim Blankenhorn, Chief Operating Officer, and Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., which is incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99.3 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on August 30, 2011 Employment Agreement between Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. and Christopher Leichtweis, dated October 31, 2011, which was filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s 8-K filed on November 4, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. 10.32 10.33 10.34 10.31 10.30 10.29 Management Incentive Plan for Christopher Leichtweis, dated November 1, 2011, which was filed as Exhibit 99.3 to the Company’s 8-K filed on November 4, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement between Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. and Christopher Leichtweis, dated October 31, 2011, which was filed as Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s 8-K filed on November 4, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. Indemnification Agreement, dated February 21,2011, between Safety and Ecology Holdings Corporation, Safety and Ecology Corporation, Inc., and Christopher P. Leichtweis and Myra Leichtweis, which was filed as Exhibit 99.5 to the Company’s 8-K filed on November 4, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. Incentive Stock Option Agreement between Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., and Mr. Jim Blankenhorn, which was filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2011 and incorporated herein by reference. Contract and Amendements entered into between Safety and Ecology Corporation and U.S. Department of Energy (Oak Ridge) dated March 30, 2010, incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.38 to the Company’s Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011. CERTAIN INFORMATION WITHIN THIS EXHIBIT HAS BEEN OMITTED AS A REQUEST BY THE COMPANY FOR CONFIDENTIAL TREATMENT BY THE SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION UNDER THE FREEDOM OF INFORMATION ACT WAS GRANTED BY ON APRIL 25, 2012 THROUGH SEPTEMBER 30, 2013. 2012 Incentive Compensation Plan for Chief Executive Officer, effective January 1, 2012, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on July 18, 2012. 2012 Incentive Compensation Plan for Chief Financial Officer, effective January 1, 2012, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.2 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on July 18, 2012. 2012 Incentive Compensation Plan for Chief Operating Officer, effective January 1, 2012, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.3 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on July 18, 2012. Amended Management Incentive Plan for Christopher Leichtweis, Senior Vice President, dated July 12, 2012, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 10.4 to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on July 18, 2012. Settlement and Release Agreement dated as of February 12, 2013, by and between Perma- Fix Environmental Services, Inc. and Safety & Ecology Holdings Corporation, on the one hand, and Timios National Corporation, on the other hand, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s 8-K filed on February 15, 2013. Settlement and Release Agreement and Amendement to Employment Agreement dated as of February 14, 2013, by and between Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., Safety & Ecology Holdings Corporation and Safety and Ecology Corporation, on the one hand, and Christopher P. Leichtweis and Myra Leichtweis, on the other hand, as incorporated by reference from Exhibit 99.2 to the Company’s 8-K filed on February 15, 2013. List of Subsidiaries Consent of BDO USA, LLP Certification by Dr. Louis F. Centofanti, Chief Executive Officer of the Company pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a). 21.1 23.1 31.1 10.39 10.38 10.37 10.36 10.35 136 31.2 32.1 32.2 101.INS 101.SCH 101.CAL 101.DEF 101.LAB 101.PRE Certification by Ben Naccarato, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer of the Company pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) or 15d-14(a). Certification by Dr. Louis F. Centofanti, Chief Executive Officer of the Company furnished pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. Certification by Ben Naccarato, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer of the Company furnished pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350. XBRL Instance Document* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Labels Linkbase Document* XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document* *Pursuant to Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, the Interactive Data File in Exhibit 101 hereto are deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Section 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, are deemed not filed for purpose of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise are not subject to liability under those sections. 137 (This page intentionally left blank) EXHIBIT 31.1 CERTIFICATIONS I, Louis F. Centofanti, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc.; 2. 3. 4. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: a) b) c) d) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. Date: March 22, 2013 /s/ Louis F. Centofanti Louis F. Centofanti Chairman of the Board Chief Executive Officer EXHIBIT 31.2 CERTIFICATIONS I, Ben Naccarato, certify that: 1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc.; 2. 3. 4. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; The registrant's other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: a) b) c) d) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant's disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant's most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant's fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant's internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant's other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of registrant's board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. Date: March 22, 2013 /s/ Ben Naccarato Ben Naccarato Chief Financial Officer and Chief Accounting Officer Corporate Information Board of Directors Dr. Louis F. Centofanti Chairman, President, and Chief Executive Officer (Director since 1991) Jack Lahav Director (2)(3) Private Investor (Director since 2001) Joe R. Reeder Director (2)(3) Shareholder of Greenburg Traurig, LLP; Former Army Undersecretary (Director since 2003) Larry M. Shelton Director (1)(2) Chief Financial Officer of S K Hart Management, LC (Director since 2006) Management Team Dr. Louis F. Centofanti President and Chief Executive Officer Ben Naccarato Chief Financial Officer James Blankenhorn Chief Operating Officer Corporate Information Charles E. Young Director (1)(3) Former Chief Executive Officer of the Los Angeles Museum of Contemporary Art (Director since 2003) Mark A. Zwecker Director (1) Chief Financial Officer of JCI US Inc. (Director since 1991) (1) Member of Audit Committee (2) Member of Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee (3) Member of Compensation and Stock Option Committee Robert Schreiber, Jr. President of SYA Christopher Leichtweis President of Safety and Ecology Corporation (Retired in May 2013) Executive Offices 8302 Dunwoody Place, Suite 250 Atlanta, Georgia 30350 Telephone: 770-587-9898 Fax: 770-587-9937 Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm BDO USA, LLP 1100 Peachtree Street, Suite 700 Atlanta, Georgia 30309 Stock Listing The common stock of Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc. is listed on Nasdaq where it is traded under the ticker symbol PESI. Transfer Agent and Registrar Continental Stock Transfer & Trust Company 17 Battery Place New York, New York 10004 Stockholder Inquiries Inquiries concerning stockholder records should be addressed to the Transfer Agent listed to the left. Comments or questions concern ing the operations of the Company should be addressed to the Secretary, Perma-Fix Environmental Services, Inc., 8302 Dunwoody Place, Suite 250, Atlanta, Georgia 30350. Included within this Annual Report is a list briefly describing all exhibits listed in the Company’s Form 10-K. We will furnish any exhibit to a shareholder upon receipt of a written request and payment of a specified reasonable fee, which fee shall be limited to the registrant’s reasonable expenses in furnishing such exhibit. Each request must set forth a good-faith representation that, as of the record date for the solicitation of proxies, the person making the request was a beneficial owner of securities of the Company entitled to vote. Certain statements contained in the Shareholders’ letter, which have been added to this Annual Report on Form 10-K, may be deemed additional forward-looking statements. All estimates, projections, and other statements generally identifiable by the use of the words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “plans to” and similar expressions (except statements of historical facts) contained therein are forward-looking statements, including but not limited to, improvement in our market; we believe that our streamlined overhead should improve cash flow for the balance of the year; growth opportunities; we believe we have treatment technologies and permitted facilities in place that could be utilized to rapidly and effectively address problematic waste streams, including tank waste at Hanford, Washington and other DOE sites around the country; we believe these capabilities will allow us to treat a variety of highly complex nuclear waste streams at Hanford and other sites that we believe currently have no other commercially available treatment and disposal options; and we believe the upside opportunities on the services side of our business and the steady improvement in our waste treatment business, coupled with our recent expense reductions, bode well for the future and our position as an industry leader. See “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” contained in the Form 10-K that is part of the Annual Report for discussion of factors which could cause future outcomes to differ materially from those described herein. m o c . s r o n n o c - n a r r u c . w w w / . c n I , s r o n n o C & n a r r u C y b n g i s e D t r o p e R l a u n n A A Nuclear Services and Waste Management Company 8302 Dunwoody Place, Suite 250 / Atlanta, Georgia 30350 P 770 587 9898 / F 770 587 9937 w w w . p e r m a - f i x . c o m 

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