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Po Valley Energy Limited

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FY2019 Annual Report · Po Valley Energy Limited
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Annual 
Report    2019

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
CONTENTS 

CORPORATE DIRECTORY  .............................................................................................................................................. 2 
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT  ........................................................................................................................................... 3 
YEAR IN REVIEW  ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT  .................................................................................................................................................... 6 
Remuneration Report  ...................................................................................................................................... 12 
AUDITOR’S INDEPENDENCE DECLARATION  ............................................................................................................... 21 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION  ............................................................................................. 22 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME  .................................... 23 
STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY  ........................................................................................................................ 24 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS  ......................................................................................................... 25 
NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS ......................................................................................... 26 
DIRECTORS’ DECLARATION  ........................................................................................................................................ 65 
INDEPENDENT AUDITOR’S REPORT  ........................................................................................................................... 66 
ASX ADDITIONAL INFORMATION   .............................................................................................................................. 70 
TECHNICAL SUMMARY  .............................................................................................................................................. 73 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors 

Company Secretary 

Registered Office 

Rome Office 

Share Register 

Auditor  

Solicitors 

Banks 

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
CORPORATE DIRECTORY 

Michael Masterman 
Kevin Bailey 
Sara Edmonson  

Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
Non-Executive Director 
Non-Executive Director 

Kevin Hart 

Suite 8, 7 The Esplanade, Mt. Pleasant WA 6153 Australia 
Tel: +61 8 9316 9100 

Via Francesco Crispi 90, 00187 Rome Italy 
Tel: +39 06 42014968 

Link Market Services Limited 
Level 12, 250 St Georges Terrace, Perth WA 6000 

Bentleys NSW Audit Pty Ltd 
Level 14, 60 Margaret Street Sydney NSW 2000 Australia 

Steinepreis Paganin 
Level 4, The Read Buildings,16 Milligan Street, Perth WA 6000 Australia 

Bankwest 
108 St. Georges Terrace, Perth WA 6000, Australia 

Stock Exchange Listing 

Po  Valley  Energy  Limited  shares  are  listed  on  the  Australian  Securities 
Exchange (ASX) under the code PVE  

Website address 

www.povalley.com 

2 

 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

Dear fellow shareholders, 

Po  Valley Energy  advanced  and  upgraded  its  north  Italian  gas  development  and  oil/gas  condensate  exploration 

projects through 2019 and 2020.  Our Selva (onshore gas) and Teodorico (offshore gas) development projects have 

been granted preliminary production concession by the Italian Government, and its Ministry of Environment has 

confirmed completion of the environmental approval process. 

The approval and development of Selva Malvezzi is Po Valley’s number one priority, offering low capital costs and 

high returns even in  the  challenging  global oil  and gas  environment evident in the opening months of calendar 

2020.  Primary environmental approval was received and published by the Ministry in January 2020.  Initial works 

including  installation  of  GPS  monitoring  equipment  are  underway  and  your  Board  expects  final  production 

concession approval in the second half of 2020.  The field is a Joint Venture between Po Valley Energy (63%), United 

Oil and Gas Plc (20%) and Prospex Oil and Gas Plc (17%). 

Our offshore Adriatic gas field, Teodorico, which was granted a preliminary Production Concession by the Italian 

Ministry’s Hydrocarbon Commission in 2016, advanced substantially during the past year.  Maiden 2P reserves of 

37 bcf have been declared.  Primary environmental approval was received and published by the Ministry in February 

2019 and additional requested documentation for water handling/decommissioning was submitted to the Ministry 

in July 2019.  We expect full grant of the Production Concession in the second half of 2020 and at that point, will 

initiate design, development and financing. 

Advancing these two gas fields into production has a targeted incremental production increase of 111 and 28 

million cubic meters per year respectively in their first year of production.  Achieving this first gas for both these 

fields remains the primary priority of the Company. 

During 2019, Po Valley declared maiden Prospective Resources at Torre del Moro (oil/gas condensate) and Bagnolo 

SW (oil) of 106 million and 54.5 million barrels recoverable best estimate respectively and an increase in Contingent 

Resources in Ravizza (oil) and Bagnolo-in-Piano (oil) to 45.6 million barrels (2C). This has delivered your Company 

large onshore gas condensate and oil exploration assets to advance over the next 18 months. 

Italy has faced a very challenging environment in 2020 as a result of COVID-19 virus impacts and the resulting State 

of Emergency and associated lockdowns.  Energy is excluded from these restrictions and this has enabled Po Valley 

to advance low cost preliminary work at Selva.  All members of our Po Valley team in Italy have moved to Smart 

Working from home and are taking all necessary safety measures in line with that country’s State of Emergency.  

The  Italian  Government  has  also  provided  a  range  of  tax  deferrals  and  grants,  which,  together  with  our  own 

initiatives, has materially reduced the Company’s running costs.  We are working to ensure that once the crisis is 

over, that Po Valley can rapidly advance our Selva development.    

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

Po Valley shareholders have been exceptionally well served by the Company’s dedicated and expert team in Italy, 

led by Giorgio Bertuzzi, Daniele Marzorati, Gianluca De Rosa and Pierpalo Poncia and supported by dedicated Non-

Executive Directors, Byron Pirola and Kevin Bailey.  Byron retired from the PVE Board in March this year but remains 

a committed shareholder.  I thank Byron in particular, and the entire team, for their outstanding contribution to 

the Company during the past 18 months.    

Michael Masterman 

Chairman Po Valley Energy 

4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
YEAR IN REVIEW 

•  Preliminary Production concession for Selva granted early 2019 

•  Upgrade of Reserves for Selva 

•  Maiden Prospective Resources at Torre del Moro and Bagnolo SW 

•  PVE retains North Italian oil assets, Cadelbosco di Sopra and Grattasasso 

•  Advanced regulatory approvals and planning to progress Selva and Teodorico to production 

5 

 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

The Directors present their report together with the financial report of Po Valley Energy Limited (“the Company” 
or “PVE”) and of the Group, being the Company and its controlled entities (“the Group” or “Po Valley”), for the 
year ended 31 December 2019.  

1. Directors

The Directors of the Company at any time during or since the end of the financial year are: 

Michael Masterman — Chief Executive Officer and Chairman, BEcHons, Age 57 
Director since 22 June 1999 

Michael is a co-founder of PVE. Michael first took up the position of CEO of PVE in 2002 up to October 2010 when 
he took up an executive position at Fortescue Metal Group until June 2014. Prior to joining PVE, Michael was CFO 
and Executive Director of Anaconda Nickel (now Minara Resources), and he spent 8 years at McKinsey & Company 
serving  major  international  resource  companies  principally  in  the  area  of  strategy  and  development.  He  is  also 
Chairman of W Resources Plc, an AIM listed company with tungsten and gold assets in Spain and Portugal. Michael 
was appointed as Chairman of PVE on 22 April 2016 and took up the role of Chief Executive Officer on 1 November 
2017. 

Byron Pirola — Non-Executive Director, BSc, PhD, Age 59 
Director from 10 May 2002 to 3 March 2020 

Byron is a co-founder of PVE and is based in Sydney. He is currently a Director and Managing Director of Port Jackson 
Partners Limited, a Sydney based strategic management consulting firm. Prior to joining Port Jackson Partners in 
1992, Byron spent six years with McKinsey & Company working out of the Sydney, New York and London offices 
and across the Asian region. He has extensive experience in advising CEOs and boards of both large public and small 
developing companies across a wide range of industries and geographies.  

Kevin Bailey AM — Non-Executive Director, DipFP, Age 59 
Director since 3 May 2016 

Kevin was appointed as a director on 22 April 2016. He has been a shareholder of PVE since April 2008 and brings 
significant business acumen and experience to the Board. Mr. Bailey is a highly successful businessman with a range 
of business interests, both local and overseas. He worked for 28 years as a Certified Financial Planner and was a 
founding  director  of  Shadforth  Financial  Group  Limited. He  was  a  member  of  the  Prime  Minister’s  Community 
Business Partnership and devotes considerable time to philanthropic interests. Mr. Bailey is currently Chairman of 
Parousia Media Pty Ltd and has served as director of various entities including the Investment Advisory Board of 
the Timor Leste Petroleum Fund, the $17bn Sovereign Wealth Fund of Timor Leste, Outward Looking International 
Pty Ltd, Halftime Australia Pty Ltd, Alpha Australia, Empart Inc, and Dads4Kids Fatherhood Foundation.  

Sara Edmonson — Non-Executive Director, BSBA, MBA  Age 40 
Director since 23 December 2019 

Sara was appointed as a director on 23 December 2019. Sara has extensive experience in natural gas, the critical 
transition fuel for a low carbon future, having led PVE from July 2010 to 2017.  She is currently the President at 
Associazione Energia Nazionale, an Italian association created to promote sustainable production, transportation 
and use of domestic energy and is fluent in Italian, having previously worked both in Italy and internationally for 
Ernst & Young Transaction Advisory Services. During her tenure at EY Sara advised numerous blue-chip corporate 
clients  on  transactions  in  Russia,  Romania,  Turkey  and  the  US  including  the  US$5  billion  acquisition  of  DRS 
Technologies by Finmeccanica in 2008. She holds an MBA from St John’s University in New York City. Sara served 
on the board of Coro Energy plc from November 2017 to October 2018 and as executive until March 2019. 

6 

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

2.  Company Secretary  

Kevin Hart – Company Secretary, B.Comm, FCA  
Appointed 17 April 2018 

Kevin Hart is a Chartered Accountant and was appointed to the position of Company Secretary on 17 April 2018.  
He has over 25 years’ experience in accounting and the management and administration of public listed entities in 
the mining and exploration industry.  He is currently a partner  in  an advisory firm, Endeavour Corporate, which 
specialises in the provision of company secretarial and accounting services to ASX listed entities. 

3.  Directors Meetings 

The number of formal meetings of the Board of Directors held during the financial year and the number of meetings 
attended by each director is provided below:  

No. of board meetings held 

No. of board meetings attended 

Michael 
Masterman 

10 

10 

Byron Pirola 

Kevin Bailey 

10 

10 

10 

10 

Sara 
Edmonson 

- 

- 

The roles and responsibilities normally undertaken by the Audit and Risk Committee and the Remunerations and 
Nominations Committee have been dealt with by the full board as part of its duly convened meetings rather than 
through separate committees.  

4.  Principal Activities 

The principal continuing activities of the Group in the course of the year were: 

•  The exploration for gas and oil in the Po Valley region in Italy. 

•  Appraisal and development of gas and oil fields. 

5.  Earnings per share 

The basic and diluted earnings / (loss) per share for the Company from continuing operations was (0.24)€ cents 
(2018: (0.31)€ cents and 0.78€ from discontinued operations).  

6.  Operating and financial review 

The loss for the year from continuing operations was €1,504,741 (2018: €1,832,552). 

Cash and cash equivalents for the Group at 31 December 2019 amounted to €42,165 (2018: €515,604). 

The Company completed a private placement of A$1.4 million for the issue of 25,454,547 shares during the year in 
two tranches.  The first tranche of the placement was completed in August 2019 with receipt of A$800,000 from 
sophisticated investors and the second tranche completed with director participation for A$600,000.   

Selva Gas Field (63% PVO*) 
Selva advanced during the year with addition of significant additional 2C and 2P resources to the existing reserves 
in  the  production  concession  application  area  and  importantly  good  progress  with  the  environmental  approval 
process. 

Po Valley was formally granted the Selva Malvezzi preliminary gas Production Concession (80.68km²) by the Italian 
Ministry for the Economic Development. Following concession preliminary award, Reserves of 13.3bcf (2P) were 
certified and new Contingent Resources in the Selva North and South Flank of 14.1bcf (2C) have been added. 

7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

With the benefit of the successful Podere Maiar well, and access to well and seismic data, the East Selva field’s 
chance of success has been increased to 40% and a new large prospective resource for the Riccardina structure 
added, taking this concession’s total Prospective Resources (best) to 91.5bcf.  

The  Environmental  Impact  Assessment  (‘EIA’)  study  for  Selva  was  submitted  during  the  year.    With  the  Italian 
Government  confirming  preliminary  technical  environmental  approval  for  the  Selva  gas  field  development  and 
preliminary work has now commenced to prepare the field for gas production in 2020.  Final EIA decree is expected 
in the second quarter of 2020. 

Under  the  first  phase  of  the  development  plan,  PVO  will  install  a  fully  automated  gas  plant  at  the  existing 
Selva/Podere Maiar 1dir  well  site  and  install a one-kilometre long pipeline to  connect the  well with the nearby 
Italian National Gas Grid. Based on dynamic reservoir studies, the field development is designed to produce at a 
rate of up to 150,000 cubic metres (5.3 mmscf/day) a day from successfully tested C1 and C2 production levels in 
the Medium-Upper Pliocene sands of the Porto Garibaldi Formation. 

*Po Valley Operations Pty Ltd (100% owned subsidiary of PVE, “PVO”) holds the quota for 100% of the Podere Gallina and Selva Licences.  United and Prospex 
have 20% and 17% economic interests and are awaiting Italian government approval for the 20% and 17% quotas to be transferred. 

Teodorico Offshore Gas field development (100% PVO) 
The Teodorico gas field is located in shallow waters of the northern Adriatic Sea – the primary source of domestic 
gas production for much of Italy – and in close proximity to existing off-shore gas production facilities.  

Following  the  granting  of  the  primary  environmental  approval  in  2019,  Teodorico  continued  during  the  year to 
advance  through  the  regulatory  approval  process.  Key  related  EIA  approval  integrated  documentation  has  now 
been submitted and Po Valley expects to complete the regulatory approval process in 2020.  

Teodorico has the largest gas-in-place of all of Po Valley’s gas fields and is at an advanced stage of assessment, 
ready for development. 

Torre del Moro Gas/Oil Condensate exploration (100% PVO) 
Torre del Moro is a very large oil prospect at a maiden Prospective Resource of 106 million barrels best estimate 
and has the potential to transform the size and scale of the company’s operations. 

The current focus of activities for the Torre del Moro site, south of Forli, is to identify the best drilling location, 
prepare a petroleum system study and the drilling plan for submission to the Government as soon as the exploration 
activities ban will end in February 2021. 

Ravizza, Bagnolo in Piano, and Bagnolo SW Exploration (100% PVO) 
The  significant upgrade  in the estimated 2C  resources in Bagnolo in Piano (Cadelbosco exploration licence) and 
Ravizza (Grattasasso exploration licence) oil discoveries from 5.6 million and 4.4 million barrels respectively to 27.3 
million and 16.1 million barrels (as independently assessed and validated by French consultancy CGG), flows from 
fresh  seismic  revision  and  geological  evaluation  work.    This  enhanced  structure  volumes  and  recovery  factors, 
increases derived from the use of horizontal development wells (extensively drilled in these kind of reservoirs). In 
addition, available data of similar oil fields such as Cavone and Villafortuna were utilised.  

In addition to these Contingent Resources estimates, a maiden Prospective Resource of 54.5 million barrels (best 
estimate)  has  been  defined  in  the  Bagnolo  SW  prospect  (Torre  del  Moro  exploration  licence),  being  a 
geological/structural south-western extension of the Bagnolo in Piano oil discovery (refer ASX announcement 26 
April 2019). 

Development design work for these two proven undeveloped oil fields between Bologna and Parma has advanced 
with production profiles, development plan, design and verification work at an advanced stage.  

Po Valley’s objective is to complete production planning and well design during 2020. 

8 

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Strategy 

Po Valley remains a northern Italy-focused energy development and exploration company with a streamlined focus 
on five large assets:  

•  The onshore gas development at Selva Malvezzi; 
•  Offshore Adriatic gas development at Teodorico;  
•  The large-scale gas/oil condensate exploration licence at Torre del Moro, and 
•  The expanded Ravizza (Grattasasso Permit) and Bagnolo (Cadelbosco Permit) oil reservoirs and 

extensions. 

Po Valley’s priority is very focused on bringing the low cost Selva and Teodorico fields into gas production. The size 
and scale of Torre del Moro and Ravizza / Bagnolo in Piano, warrant initiatives to de-risk and prioritise the projects 
and design drilling programs.  

While the current Italian regulatory environment remains challenging, the Italian Ministry has confirmed that recent 
government amendments to energy policy will not affect the approval processes for Selva and Teodorico, both of 
which continue to progress through the normal approval procedures. Gas remains a critical transition fuel in Italy’s 
move to greater renewables and the development and employment generation from the Company’s two advanced 
projects enjoy good local support.  

The fields and prospects in granted exploration licences (Torre del Moro, Bagnolo in Piano, and Ravizza) are covered 
under  the  Italian  Government’s  Plan  of  Areas  Program.  Under  this  program,  which  was  recently  reviewed  in 
Parliament, the timeframe for field activities such as drilling and related approvals is suspended until August 2021 
(30  months  from  the  date  of  Ministerial  decree  in  February  2019)  as  the  Ministry  conducts  an  environmental 
clearance program. This aligns with the Group’s technical advancement program on Torre del Moro, Bagnolo in 
Piano, and Ravizza, allowing Po Valley to advance and prioritise low cost geological and geophysical evaluation, and 
to advance drilling location selection and prepare drilling programs over a prudent timeframe. The Group’s drilling 
programs have very small footprints and are designed to the highest environmental and safety standards. While Po 
Valley is confident that the areas in which it operates should clear the environmental clearance process, there is 
always a risk of delay or non-clearance. 

During  the  month  of  March  2020,  the  Italian  government  imposed  a  nationwide  lockdown  as  a  preventative 
measure to reduce the contagion of Covid-19. We are pleased to report that all Po Valley employees are healthy 
and  are  working  from  home.  Importantly,  we  have  seen  evidence  that  the  Italian  Ministries  continue  to  be 
operational therefore we do not expect significant delays in the ongoing environmental approvals for Selva Malvezzi 
and Teodorico. Importantly, the oil and gas industry was declared an "essential service" by the Italian government 
underpinning its strategic importance in the Italian economy. 

Financial performance 

Net loss before impairment expense is reconciled to comprehensive loss (after impairment expense) for the period 
as follows: 

Comprehensive income reconciliation table (in Euro) 

2019 

2018 

Net loss from continuing operations before impairment expense (unaudited)  

(1,503,241) 

(1,013,582) 

Impairment of investment in associate 

Exploration costs expensed  

Net profit / (loss) from discontinued operations 

- 

(816,426) 

(1,500) 

(2,544) 

- 

4,406,460 

Comprehensive income / (loss) for the year 

(1,504,741) 

2,573,908 

9 

 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Net loss from continuing operations before impairment expense, which is not reviewed or audited, is calculated to 
show impact of impairment losses on the total comprehensive income for the year. The net profit from discontinued 
operations in 2018 is a result of the restructuring of the Group and the spin-off of Coro Energy Plc (formerly Saffron 
Energy Plc). 

Health and safety 

Paramount to Po Valley’s ability to pursue its strategic priorities is a safe workplace and a culture of safety first. The 
Company  regards  environmental  awareness  and  sustainability  as  key  strengths  in  planning  and  carrying  out 
business  activities.  Po  Valley’s  daily  operations  are  conducted  in  a  way  that  adheres  to  these  principles  and 
management  are  committed  to  their  continuous  improvement.  Whilst  growing  from  exploration  roots,  the 
Company has strived  to  continually  improve underlying safety performance. The Company has adopted an HSE 
Management System which provides for a series of procedures and routine checks (including periodical audits) to 
ensure compliance with all legal and regulatory requirements and best practices in this area. In 2019, the Group 
maintained its outstanding occupational health safety and environmental track record with no incidents or near 
misses to report. 

Principle risks and uncertainties 

Oil and gas exploration and appraisal involves significant risk. The future profitability of the Company and the value 
of its shares are directly related to the results of exploration and appraisal activities. There are inherent risks in 
these activities. No assurances can be given that funds spent on exploration and appraisal will result in discoveries 
that will be commercially viable. Future exploration and appraisal activities, including drilling and seismic acquisition 
may result in changes to current perceptions of individual prospects, leads and permits.    

The Company identifies and assesses the potential consequences of strategic, safety, environmental, operational, 
legal, reputational and financial risks in accordance with the Company’s risk management policy. PVE management 
continually monitors the effectiveness of the Company’s risk management, internal compliance and control systems 
which includes insurance coverage over major operational activities, and reports to the Audit and Risk Committee 
on areas where there is scope for improvement. The Charter for the Audit and Risk Committee is available on the 
Company’s website. The principal risks and uncertainties that could materially affect PVE future performance are 
described below.  

External risks 

Exposure to gas 
pricing 

Changes to law, 
regulations or 
Government policy 

Volatile oil and gas prices make it difficult to predict future price movements with any 
certainty. Decline in oil or gas prices could have an adverse effect on PVE. The Company 
does  not  currently  hedge  its  exposures  to  gas  price  movements  long  term.  The 
profitability of the Company’s prospective gas assets will be determined by the future 
market for domestic gas. Gas prices can vary significantly depending on other European 
gas markets, oil and refined oil product prices, worldwide supply and the terms under 
which long term take or pay arrangements are agreed. 

Changes  in  law  and  regulations  or  government  policy  may  adversely  affect  PVE’s 
business. Examples include changes to land access or the introduction of legislation that 
restricts or inhibits exploration and production.  

Similarly changes to direct or indirect tax legislation may have an adverse impact on the 
Company’s profitability, net assets and cash flow. 

Uncertainty of timing 
of regulatory 
approvals 

Delays  in  the  regulatory  process  could  hinder  the  Company’s  ability  to  pursue 
operational activities in a timely manner including drilling exploration and development 
wells,  to  install  infrastructure,  and  to  produce  oil  or  gas.    In  particular,  oil  and  gas 
operations in Italy are subject to both Regional and Federal approvals.  

10 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating risks 

Exploration, 
development and 
production 

Estimation of 
reserves 

Tenure security 

Health, safety and 
environmental 
matters 

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

The future value of PVE will depend on its ability to find, develop, and produce oil and 
gas  that  is  economically  recoverable.  The  ultimate  success  or  otherwise  of  such 
ventures  requires  successful  exploration,  establishment  of  commercial  reserves, 
establishment and successful effective production and processing facilities, transport 
and marketing of the end product. Through this process, the business is exposed to a 
wide  variety  of  risks,  including  failure  to  locate  hydrocarbons,  changes  to  reserve 
estimates or production volumes, variable quality of hydrocarbons, weather impacts, 
facility  malfunctions,  lack  of  access  to  appropriate  skills  or  equipment  and  cost 
overruns. 

The  estimation  of  oil  and  natural  gas  reserves  involves  subjective  judgments  and 
determinations based on geological, technical, contractual and economic information. 
It  is  not  an exact  calculation. The estimate may change because of new information 
from production or drilling activities. 

Exploration licences held by PVE are subject to the granting and approval by relevant 
government bodies. Government regulatory authorities generally require the holder of 
the  licences  to  undertake  certain  proposed  exploration  commitments  and  failure  to 
meet these obligations could result in forfeiture. Exploration licences are also subject 
to partial or full relinquishments after the stipulated period of tenure if no alternative 
licence  application  (e.g.  production  concession  application)  is  made,  resulting  in  a 
potential reduction in the Company’s overall tenure position. In order for production 
to commence in relation to any successful oil or gas well, it is necessary for a production 
concession to be granted. 

Exploration,  development  and  production  of  oil  and  gas  involves  risks  which  may 
impact  the  health  and  safety  of  personnel,  the  community  and  the  environment. 
Industry operating risks  include fire,  explosions, blow outs, pipe failures, abnormally 
pressured formations and environmental hazards such as accidental spills or leakage of 
petroleum liquids, gas leaks, ruptures, or discharge of toxic gases. Failure to manage 
these risks could result in injury or loss of life, damage or destruction of property and 
damage  to  the  environment.  Losses  or  liabilities  arising  from  such  incidents  could 
significantly impact the Company’s financial results. 

In addition to the external and operating risks described above, the Company’s ability to successfully develop 
future projects including their infrastructure is contingent on the Company’s ability to fund those projects 
through operating cash flows and affordable debt and equity raisings.  

7.  Dividends 

No dividends have been paid or declared by the Company during the year ended 31 December 2019. 

8.  Significant events after the balance date 

In  February  2020,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Master  Service  Agreement  for  the  provision  of  technical, 
administrative and commercial services to an oil and gas company with assets within the Po Valley region. These 
services will provide the Company with income of €25,000 per month for a minimum period of 3 months and until 
the agreement is terminated by either party. 

During  the  month  of  March  2020,  the  Italian  government  imposed  a  nationwide  lockdown  as  a  preventative 
measure  to  reduce  the  contagion  of  Covid-19.  Po  Valley  employees  are  working  from  home  during  this  time. 
Importantly,  we  have  seen  evidence  that  the  Italian  Ministries  continue  to  be  operational  therefore  we  do  not 
expect significant delays in the ongoing environmental approvals for Selva Malvezzi and Teodorico. Importantly, 
the oil and gas industry was declared an "essential service" by the Italian government underpinning its strategic 
11 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

importance in the Italian economy. However, the timing, full extent of the impact and recovery from Covid-19 on 
our employees and business operations continues to evolve as at the date of this report. As such, the Group is 
unable to estimate the effects on the Group’s financial position, liquidity and operations in the 2020 financial year. 

Other than the above, there were no other events between the end of the financial year and the date of this report 
that, in the opinion of the Directors, affect significantly the operations of the Group, the results of those operations, 
or the state of affairs of the Group. 

9. Likely Developments

The Company plans to seek a suitable farm-out partner for selected assets. The Company also plans to continue to 
invest  in  its  current  exploration  portfolio  through  geological  and  geophysical  studies  and,  subject  to  available 
finances, in its planned drilling program for high potential gas prospects. 

10. Environmental Regulation

The Company’s operations  are  subject to environmental regulations under both national and local municipality 
legislation in relation to its mining exploration and development activities in Italy. Company management monitor 
compliance with the relevant environmental legislation. The Directors are not aware of any breaches of legislation 
during the period covered by this report. 

11. Remuneration Report - audited

The  Remuneration  Report  outlines  the  remuneration  arrangements  which  were  in  place  during  the  year,  and 
remain in place as at the date of this report, for the Directors and executives of the Company. 

Remuneration Policy 

The Board is responsible for reviewing and recommending compensation arrangements for the Directors, the Chief 
Executive Officer and the senior executive team. The Board assesses the appropriateness of the size and structure 
of remuneration of those officers on a periodic basis, with reference to relevant employment market conditions, 
with the overall objective of ensuring maximum stakeholder benefit from the retention of a high quality board and 
executive team. 

The Company aims to ensure  that the level and composition of  remuneration of its  Directors and executives is 
sufficient and reasonable in the context of the internationally competitive industry in which the Company operates. 

All senior executives except the company secretary are based in Rome and when setting their remuneration, the 
Board must have regard to remuneration levels and benefit arrangements that prevail in the European oil and gas 
industry which remains highly competitive.  

Consequences of performance on shareholder wealth 

In considering the Group’s performance and benefits for shareholders wealth the Board has regard to the following 
indices in respect of the current financial year and the previous financial periods. 

Indices 

Production (scm’000) 

Average realised gas price (€ cents per cubic metre) 

2019 

2018 

2017 

2016 

2015 

2014 

-

-

2,799* 

7,155 

4,461 

9,991  18,560

21*

19 

21 

25 

27 

Profit / (loss) attributable to owners of the Company (€'000s)  (1,504)  2,780 

(1,087)  (8,699)  (6,658)  (1,262) 

Earnings / (loss) per share (€ cents per share) 

(0.24) 

(0.31) 

(0.19) 

(2.06) 

(5.02) 

(1.03) 

Share Price at year end - AU$ 

0.052 

0.038 

0.041 

0.025 

0.026 

0.10 

* production and gas prices for 2018 relates to the period prior to restructuring of the Group and deconsolidation of Coro Energy Plc (formally Saffron Energy
Plc). PVE currently does not have any producing assets. 

12 

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

In establishing performance measures and benchmarks to ensure incentive plans are appropriately structured to 
align corporate behaviour with the long-term creation of shareholder wealth, the Board has regard for the stage of 
development of the Company’s business and gives consideration to each of the indices outlined above and other 
operational and business development achievements of future benefit to the Company which are not reflected in 
the aforementioned financial measures.  

Senior Executives and Executive Directors 

The remuneration of PVE senior executives is based on a combination of fixed salary, short term incentive bonus’ 
which is based on performance and in some cases a long term incentive payable in cash or shares. Other benefits 
include employment insurances, accommodation and other benefits, and superannuation contributions. In relation 
to the payment of annual bonuses, the board assesses the performance and contribution of executives against a 
series  of  objectives  defined  at  the  beginning  of  the  year.  These  objectives  are  a  combination  of  strategic  and 
operational company targets which are considered critical to shareholder value creation and objectives which are 
specific to the individual executive. More specifically, objectives mainly refer to operating performance from both 
a financial and technical standpoint and growth and development of the Company’s asset base. The Board exercises 
its  discretion  when  determining  awards  and  exercises  discretion  having  regard  to  the  overall  performance  and 
achievements of the Company and of the relevant executive during the year. No remuneration consultants were 
used during the current or previous year. 

Non-Executive Directors 

The  remuneration  of  PVE  Non-Executive  Directors  comprises  cash  fees.  There  is  no  current  scheme  to  provide 
performance-based  bonuses  or  retirement  benefits  to  Non-Executive  Directors.  The  Board  of  Directors  and 
shareholders approved the maximum agreed remuneration pool for Non-Executive Directors at the annual general 
meeting in May 2011 at €250,000 per annum.  

Service contracts 

The major provisions of the service contracts held with the specified directors and executives, in addition to any 
performance related bonuses and/or options are as follows: 

Directors: 

Michael Masterman, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer  

•  Commencement Date: as Chief Executive Officer 1 November 2017 
•  Fixed remuneration for the year ended 31 December 2019:  €140,000 p.a.  
•  Benefit of €2,500 per month for accommodation  
•  No termination benefits  

Byron Pirola, Non-Executive Director  

•  Commencement Date: 10 May 2002  
•  Resignation date: 3 March 2020 
•  Fixed remuneration for the year ended 31 December 2019: €15,007 (A$24,000) 
•  No termination benefits  

Kevin Bailey, Non-Executive Director  

•  Commencement Date: 3 May 2016 
•  Fixed remuneration for the year ended 31 December 2019: €15,007 (A$24,000) 
•  No termination benefits  

13 

 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Sara Edmonson, Non-Executive Director  

•  Commencement Date: 23 December 2019 
•  Fixed remuneration for the year ended 31 December 2019: €15,007 (A$24,000) 
•  No termination benefits  

The Non-Executive Directors are not appointed for any fixed term but rather are required to retire and stand for 
re-election in accordance with the Company’s constitution and the ASX Listing Rules. 

14 

 
 
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PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Analysis of bonuses included in remuneration 

There was no short-term incentive bonus awarded in remuneration in the current year.   

The short-term incentive bonus awarded to S Edmonson in 2018 was in her capacity as Chief Executive Officer 
of Coro Energy Plc (formerly Saffron Energy Plc) (“Coro’’).  The amount of €19,230 included in remuneration 
related to the period up to the date the Company completed restructuring of the Group and spin off of Coro 
and  vested  in  that  financial  year  based  on  achievement  of  personal  goals  and  satisfaction  of  specified 
operational performance criteria.  The bonus award was based on performance, and specifically for having 
reached  the  agreed  operational  strategic  objectives.  These  performance  objectives  are  linked  to  financial 
performance and Company value indirectly. 

Options over equity instruments granted as compensation  

No options were granted as compensation to Directors or key management personnel during the reporting 
period (2018: Nil). No options vested during 2019. (2018: Nil) 

Modification of terms of equity-settled share-based payment transactions  

No  terms  of  equity-settled  share-based  payment  transactions  (including  options  and  rights  granted  as 
compensation to a key management person) have been altered or modified by the issuing entity during the 
reporting period or the prior period. 

Exercise and lapse of options granted as compensation  

No options granted as compensation were exercised during 2019. 

There were no options outstanding during 2019. 

No options were exercised by directors or key management personnel. 

No options over ordinary shares in the Company were held by any key management personnel during 2019. 

Equity holdings and transactions 

The movement during the reporting period in the number of ordinary shares of the Company, held directly 
and indirectly by key management personnel, including their personally-related entities is as follows: 

Held at 

31 Dec 2018 

Purchased 

Share 
based 
payments 

Options 
Exercised 

Held at 

Sold / Other 

31 Dec 2019 

Directors 

M Masterman 

156,692,994 

11,278,788 

B Pirola 

K Bailey 

59,494,135 

3,290,043 

132,728,169 

17,536,983 

S. Edmonson 

2,966,406(i) 

- 

351,881,704 

32,105,814 

(i) 

 (i)Holding at date of appointment

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

167,971,782 

62,784,178 

150,265,152 

2,966,406 

383,987,518 

17 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

Held at 

31 Dec 2017 

Purchased 

Share 
based 
payments 

Options 
Exercised 

Held at 

Sold / Other 

31 Dec 2018 

(ii) 

Directors 

M Masterman  

156,692,994 

B Pirola 

K Bailey 

Executives 
S. Edmonson 

59,494,135 

132,728,169 

348,915,298 

2,966,406(i) 

2,966,406 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

156,692,994 

59,494,135 

132,728,169 

- 

348,915,298 

- 

- 

2,966,406(ii) 

2,966,406 

 (i) Sara Edmondson was Chief Executive officer of Po Valley Energy Ltd up to 31 October 2017 and then appointed as Chief 
Executive Officer of Coro Energy Plc (formerly Saffron Energy Plc)(“Coro’’). Shares in the table above were held at the time 
of restructuring of the Group (refer note 7). 

Other transactions and balances with KMP and their related parties 

The Company obtained financing through a streamlined facility provided by existing and former Directors of 
the Company. Refer to Note 24 for further details. 

The amounts outstanding at 31 December 2019 are as follows: 

Related Party 
Beronia Investments Pty Ltd 
Beronia Investments Pty Ltd 
Beronia Investments Pty Ltd 
Kevin Bailey 
Fuiloro Pty Ltd 
G. Bradley 
K & G Bailey as trustee for The Bailey Family Trust 

Loan Amount  

A$663,179 
A$156,055 
A$528,396 
A$264,172 
A$190,800 
A$126,736 
A$106,055 

Interest 
% p.a 
10% 
10% 
10% 
10% 
10% 
10% 
10% 

Repayment 
Term 
19 months 
19 months 
19 months 
19 months 
19 months 
19 months 
19 months 

No key management personnel have entered into a material contract, other than disclosed above, with the 
Group or the Company. 

18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

12.  Directors’ interests  

At the date of this report, the direct and indirect interests of the Directors in the shares and options of the 
Company, as notified by the Directors to the ASX in accordance with S205G (1) of the Corporations Act 2001, 
at the date of this report is as follows: 

M Masterman 

B Pirola 

K Bailey 

S Edmonson 

13.  Share Options  

Ordinary Shares 

Convertible Notes 

167,971,782 

62,784,178 

150,635,225 

2,966,406 

300,000 

- 

700,000 

- 

Options granted to directors and executives of the Company 

The Company has not granted any options over unissued ordinary shares in the Company to any directors or 
specified executive during or since the end of the financial year. 

Unissued shares under option 

At the date of this report there are no unissued ordinary shares of the Company under option. 

Shares issued on exercise of options 

The Company has not issued any shares as a result of the exercise of options during or since the end of the 
financial year end. 

14.  Corporate Governance 

In recognising the need for the highest standards of corporate behaviour and accountability, the Directors of 
PVE support and have adhered to the principles of sound corporate governance. The Board recognises the 
recommendations  of  the  ASX  Corporate  Governance  Council  and  considers  that  PVE  is  in  compliance  with 
those guidelines which are of importance to the commercial operation of a junior listed gas exploration and 
production company.  

The  Company  has  elected  to  publish  its  Statement  of  Corporate  Governance  Practices  on  its  website 
www.povalley.com.  In addition, each year the Key to Disclosures - Corporate Governance Council Principles 
and Recommendations will be available to shareholders at the same time that the Annual Report is released.  

15.  Indemnification and insurance of officers  

The  Company  has  agreed  to  indemnify  current  Directors  against  any  liability  or  legal  costs  incurred  by  a 
Director as an officer of the Company or entities within the Group or in connection with any legal proceeding 
involving the Company or entities within the Group which is brought against the Director as a result of his 
capacity as an officer. 

During the financial year the Company paid premiums to insure the Directors against certain liabilities arising 
out of the conduct while acting on behalf of the Company. Under the terms and conditions of the insurance 
contract, the nature of liabilities insured against and the premium paid cannot be disclosed. 

19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
DIRECTORS’ REPORT 

16.  Indemnification of auditors 

To the extent permitted by law, the Company has agreed to indemnify its auditors, Bentleys NSW Audit Pty 
Ltd, as part of the terms of its audit engagement agreement against claims by third parties arising from the 
audit (for an unspecified amount). No payment has been made to indemnify Bentleys NSW Audit Pty Ltd 
during or since the financial year. 

17.  Non audit services 

During the year Bentleys NSW Audit Pty Ltd, the Group’s auditor, did not provide non-audit services.  Refer to 
note 5 of the financial report for details of auditor’s remuneration. 

18.  Proceedings on behalf of the Company 

In 2019 a legal proceeding  was  initiated by Northsun Italia (a wholly owned subsidiary of Coro Energy Plc) 
against  Po  Valley  Energy’s  operating  subsidiary  Po  Valley  Operations  in  respect  of  a  few  disputed  invoices 
related  to  intercompany  services  carried  out  in  2017  and  early  2018  before  the  group  restructuring  was 
completed. The legal proceeding commenced in 2019 and a final decision from the Italian courts is expected 
in 2020. The full amount of the invoices in dispute has been provided for in the financial statements. 

19.  Lead Auditor’s independence declaration 

The lead auditor’s independence declaration is set out on page 21 and forms part of the Directors’ report for 
the financial year ended 31 December 2019. 

This report has been made in accordance with a resolution of Directors. 

Michael Masterman 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
31 March 2020 

20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 21

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 
AS AT 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CONSOLIDATED 

NOTES 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

10 
11 

14 
12 
13 

15 
17 
16 
18 

17 
19 

20 
20 

42,165 
283,853 
326,018 

17,578 
947,181 
105,145 
7,876,926 
8,946,830 

515,604 
499,780 
1,015,384 

27,455 
744,040 
9,602 
7,704,644 
8,485,741 

9,272,848 

9,501,125 

1,090,159 
41,066 
2,797 
1,272,676 
2,406,698 

1,122,845 
- 
2,756 
1,201,258 
2,326,859 

58,512 
1,563,183 

- 
1,531,250 

1,621,695 

1,531,250 

4,028,393 

3,858,109 

46,461,745 
1,192,269 
(42,589,559) 

45,531,416 
1,192,269 
(41,080,669) 

5,244,455 

5,643,016 

9,272,848 

9,501,125 

Current Assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 
Trade and other receivables 
Total Current Assets 

Non-Current Assets 
Other assets 
Deferred tax assets 
Property, plant & equipment 
Resource property costs 
Total Non-Current Assets 

Total Assets 

Liability and equity 

Current Liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Lease liabilities 
Provisions 
Interest bearing loans 
Total Current Liabilities 

Non-Current Liabilities 
Lease liabilities 
Convertible notes 

Total Non-Current Liabilities 

Total Liabilities 

Equity 

Issued capital 
Reserve 
Accumulated losses 

Total Equity 

Total Equity and liabilities 

The above statement of financial position should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes to the financial statements. 

22 

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

STATEMENT OF PROFIT OR LOSS AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

CONSOLIDATED 

NOTES 

2019 
€ 

Continuing Operations 
Other income 

Employee benefit expenses 
Depreciation expense 
Corporate overheads  
Impairment losses 
Exploration costs expensed 

Profit / (loss) from operating activities 
Finance income 
Finance expenses 

Net finance expenses 
Loss before tax  
Income tax (expense) / benefit 

Loss for the year 

Discontinued Operations 
Profit / (loss) for the period from discontinued 
operations 

Profit / (loss) for the period 

Other comprehensive income 

3 

4 

6 
6 

8 

7 

2018 
€ 

161,563 

(577,570) 
(1,067) 
(651,169) 
(816,426) 
(2,544) 

(1,887,213) 
286 
(85,797) 

(85,511) 
(1,972,724) 
140,172 

35,144 

(639,131) 
(41,700) 
(752,431) 
- 
(1,500) 

(1,399,618) 
134 
(308,398) 

(308,264) 
(1,707,882) 
203,141 

(1,504,741) 

(1,832,552) 

- 

- 

- 

4,406,460 

2,573,908 

- 

Total comprehensive income / (loss) for the year 

(1,504,741) 

2,573,908 

Profit / (loss) attributable to: 

Members of the Company 

Non-controlling interests 

Profit / (loss) for the period 
Total comprehensive income / (loss) attributable 
to: 

Members of the Company 

Non-controlling interests 

Total comprehensive income / (loss) for the period 

Basic and diluted earnings / (loss) per share (€) 
from continuing operations 
Basic and diluted earnings / (loss) per share (€) 
from discontinued operations 

9 

9 

(1,504,741) 

- 

(1,504,741) 

(1,504,741) 

- 

(1,504,741) 

(0.24) 

- 

2,780,060 

(206,152) 

2,573,908 

2,780,060 

(206,152) 

2,573,908 

(0.31) 

0.78 

The above statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes 
to the financial statements. 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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F

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

Operating activities 
Payments to suppliers and employees 
Interest received 
Interest paid 
Net operating cash flows used in discontinued 
operations 
Net cash used in operating activities 

Investing activities 
Receipts for resource property costs from joint 
operations partners 
Payments for resource property costs 
Net investing cash flows used in discontinued 
operations 
Net cash flows used in investing activities 

Financing activities 
Proceeds from the issues of shares 
Payment of share issue costs 
Proceeds from convertible notes 
Proceeds from borrowings 
Payments of lease liabilities 
Net financing cash flows provided by discontinued 
operations 
Net cash flows from financing activities 
Net (decrease)/ increase in cash and cash equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January 

19 
18 

NOTES 

CONSOLIDATED 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

(1,065,464) 
134 
(61,961) 

(1,281,537) 
286 
(13,470) 

10 

- 
(1,127,291) 

(164,730) 
(1,459,451) 

- 
(271,225) 

- 
(271,225) 

877,550 
(8,066) 
- 
99,351 
(43,758) 

- 
925,077 
(473,439) 
515,604 

1,742,693 
(2,748,836) 

(927,652) 
(1,933,795) 

483,009 
(3,015) 
1,580,038 
731,719 
- 

726,985 
3,518,736 
125,490 
390,114 

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December  

10 

42,165 

515,604 

The above statement of cash flows should be read in conjunction with the accompanying notes to the financial statements. 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 1: 

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

1.1 

REPORTING ENTITY 

Po Valley Energy Limited (“the Company” or “PVE”) is a company domiciled in Australia.  The address 
of the Company’s registered office is Suite 8, 7 The Esplanade Mt Pleasant WA 6153.   

The  Consolidated  Financial  Statements  of  the  Company  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2019 
comprises the Company and its subsidiaries (together referred to as the “Group” and individually as 
“Group entities”) and the Group’s interest in associates and jointly controlled entities and operations.   

The financial statements were approved by the Board of Directors on 31 March 2020. 

The Group primarily is involved in the exploration, appraisal and development of gas properties in the 
Po Valley region in Italy and is a for profit entity. 

1.2 

BASIS OF PREPARATION 

(a) 

STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE 

The financial report is a general-purpose financial report which has been prepared in accordance with 
Australian  Accounting  Standards  (AASB’s)  (including  Australian  Interpretations)  adopted  by  the 
Australian  Accounting  Standards  Board  (AASB)  and  the  Corporations  Act  2001.    The  consolidated 
financial report of the Group also complies with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and 
interpretations issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). 

(b) 

BASIS OF MEASUREMENT 

These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis of historical cost.  

(c)         GOING CONCERN 

The financial report has been prepared on the going concern basis, which contemplates the continuity 
of normal business activity and the realisation of assets and the settlement of liabilities in the normal 
course of business. 

For  the  year  ended  31  December  2019,  the  Group  has  recorded  a  loss  after  tax  from  continuing 
operations of €1,504,741; it has a cash balance of €42,165 net current liabilities of €2,080,680 and had 
net cash outflows from continuing operations of €1,127,291.  In addition, the Group may be impacted 
by  the  subsequent  event  (COVID-19)  as  noted  in  note  27.  These  conditions  indicate  a  material 
uncertainty that may cast a significant doubt about the entity's ability to continue as a going concern 
and, therefore, that it may be unable to realise its assets and discharge its liabilities in the normal 
course of business.   

The Directors believe that sufficient funds will be available to meet the Group’s immediate working 
capital requirements.  However, the Directors recognise that the ability of the Group to continue as a 
going concern is dependent on the Group being able to secure additional funding through either the 
issue  of  new  equity,  convertible  debt,  sale  of  operating  or  non-operating  interests  in  assets  or  a 
combination of these and other funding instruments and options as required to fund ongoing planned 
activities and for working capital.  The Directors are currently reviewing a range of financing options 
and reviewed the Group’s cashflow requirements for the 15 months ended 31 March 2021 and are of 
the opinion that sufficient funds will be available in order to meet its ongoing obligations.  

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

Should  the  Group  not  achieve  the  matters  set  out  above,  there  is  uncertainty whether  the  Group 
would continue as a going concern and therefore whether it would realise its assets and extinguish its 
liabilities  in  the  normal  course  of  business  and  at  the  amounts  stated  in  the  financial  report.  The 
financial  report  does  not  include  adjustments  relating  to  the  recoverability  or  classification  of  the 
recorded  assets  amounts nor  to the  amounts or classification of liabilities that might be necessary 
should the Group not be able to continue as a going concern. 

 (d) 

FUNCTIONAL AND PRESENTATION CURRENCY 

The consolidated financial statements are presented in Euro, which is the Company’s and each of the 
Group entity’s functional currency. 

(e) 

USE OF ESTIMATES AND JUDGEMENTS 

The  preparation  of  the  financial statements requires management to make judgements, estimates 
and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, 
liabilities, income and expenses.  Actual results may differ from these estimates.  

Estimates  and  underlying  assumptions  are  reviewed  on  an  ongoing  basis.    Revisions  to  accounting 
estimates  are  recognised  in  the  period  in  which  the  estimate  is  revised  and  in  any  future  periods 
affected. 

The estimates and judgements  that have a significant risk of causing a material  adjustment to the 
carrying amounts of assets and liabilities within the next financial year are discussed below. 

Impairment of non-current assets  
The ultimate recoupment of the value of resource property costs and property plant and equipment 
is dependent on successful development and commercial exploitation, or alternatively, sale, of the 
underlying properties. The Group undertakes at least on an annual basis, a comprehensive review for 
indicators of impairment of these assets. Should an impairment indicator exist, the area of interest or 
CGU is tested for impairment. There is significant estimation involved in determining the inputs and 
assumptions used in determining the recoverability amounts.  

The key areas of estimation involved in determining recoverable amounts include: 
•  Recent drilling results and reserves and resources estimates 
•  Environmental issues that may impact the underlying licences 
•  The estimated market value of assets at the review date 
•  Fundamental economic factors such as the gas price and current and anticipated operating costs 

in the industry  

•  Future production rates 

The post-tax discount rate used for impairment purposes is 10%. 

Rehabilitation provisions 
Any provisions made for rehabilitation represents the discounted value of the present obligations to 
restore, dismantle and rehabilitate a well site. Significant estimation is required in determining the 
provisions for rehabilitation and closure as there are many transactions and other factors that will 
affect ultimate costs necessary to rehabilitate the sites when required. The discounted value reflects 
a combination of management’s best estimate of the cost of performing the work required, the timing 
of the cash flows and the discount rate.  A change in any, or a combination of, the key assumptions 
used to determine the provisions could have a material impact on the carrying value of the provisions. 

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

A provision, when recognised ,for each site is reviewed at each reporting date and updated based on 
the facts and circumstances available at that time and any subsequent changes to the estimated future 
costs for operating sites will be recognised in the balance sheet by adjusting both the restoration and 
rehabilitation asset and provision. 

Reserve estimates 
Estimation  of  reported  recoverable  quantities  of  Proven  and  Probable  reserves  include  estimates 
regarding commodity prices, exchange rates, discount rates, and production and transportation costs 
for future cash flows. It also requires interpretation of complex geological and geophysical models in 
order to make an assessment of the size, shape, depth and quality of reservoirs, and their anticipated 
recoveries. The economic, geological and technical factors used to estimate reserves may change from 
period to period. 
A change in any, or a combination of, the key assumptions used to determine the reserve estimates 
could have a material impact on the carrying value of the project via depreciation rates or impairment 
assessments.  The  reserve  estimates  are  reviewed  at  each  reporting  date  and  any  changes  to  the 
estimated reserves are recognised prospectively to depreciation and amortisation. Any impact of the 
change  in  the  reserves  is  considered  on  asset  carrying  values  and  impairment  losses,  if  any,  are 
immediately recognised in the profit or loss.  

Recognition of deferred tax assets 
The recoupment of deferred tax assets is dependent on the availability of profits in future years.  The 
Group undertakes a forecasting exercise at each reporting date to assess its expected utilisation of 
these losses.  

The key areas of estimation involved in determining the forecasts include: 

•
•
•

Future production rates
Economic factors such as the gas price and current and anticipated operating costs in the industry
Capital expenditure expected to be incurred in the future

A change in any, or a combination of, the key assumptions used to determine the estimates could 
have a material  impact on  the  carrying  value of the deferred  tax  asset.    Changes  to  estimates  are 
recognised in the period in which they arise. 

1.3 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
The Group has consistently applied the accounting policies set out  in notes 1.3 (a) to 1.3 (q)  to all 
periods  presented  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  except  for  new  accounting  policies 
adopted as detailed below. 

New and amended standards adopted by the group 
AASB16 ‘Leases’ 

AASB16 Leases became applicable to the current reporting period.  AASB16 Leases replaced AASB117 
Leases. 

The new Standard has been applied using the modified retrospective approach, with the cumulative 
effect  of  adopting  AASB16  being  recognised  in  equity  as  an  adjustment  to  the  opening  balance  of 
retained earnings for the current period. Prior periods have not been restated. 

At the date of initial application, the Company has elected to apply AASB16 to contracts that were 
previously  identified  as  leases  under  the  definition  of  a  lease  from  AASB117  and  has  not  applied 
AASB16 to arrangements that were previously not identified as leases under AASB117. 

28 

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

The Company has elected not to include initial direct costs in the measurement of the right-of-use 
asset for operating leases in existence at the date of initial application of AASB16, being 1 January 
2019. At this date, the Company has also elected to measure the right-of-use assets at an amount 
equal to the lease liability adjusted for any prepaid or accrued lease payments that existed at the date 
of transition. 

Instead of performing an impairment review on the right-of-use assets at the date of initial application, 
the Company has relied on its historic assessment as to whether leases were onerous immediately 
before the date of initial application of AASB16.  

On transition, for leases previously accounted for as operating leases with a remaining lease term of 
less  than  12  months  and  for  leases  of  low-value  assets  the  Company  has  applied  the  optional 
exemptions to not recognise right-of-use assets but to account for the lease expense on a straight-line 
basis over the remaining lease term. 

For those leases previously classified as finance leases, the right-of-use asset and lease liability are 
measured at the date of initial application at the same amounts as under AASB117 immediately before 
the date of initial application. 

On transition to AASB16 the weighted average incremental borrowing rate applied to lease liabilities 
recognised  under  AASB16  was  1.83%.    The  Company  has  benefited  from  the  use  of  hindsight  for 
determining lease term when considering options to extend and terminate leases. 

Impact on transition 
On transition to AASB16, the Company recognised right-of-use assets and lease liabilities, recognising 
the difference in accumulated losses.   

The impact on transition is summarised below. 

Right-of-use assets – property, plant and equipment 
Lease liabilities 
Accumulated losses 

1 January 2019 
€ 
136,617 
(140,766) 
4,149 

The following is a reconciliation of total operating lease commitments at 31 December 2018 to the lease 
liabilities recognised at 1 January 2019: 

Leases of low value assets / with remaining lease of less than 12 months 

Total operating lease commitments at 31 December 2018 
Recognition exemptions: 
- 
Operating lease liabilities before discounting 
Discounting using incremental borrowing rate 
Operating lease liabilities recognised under AASB16 at 1 January 2019 

Refer Note 1.3 (p) and Note 17 for further details. 

€ 

147,408 

(833) 
146,575 
(5,809) 
140,766 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

(a) 

PRINCIPLES OF CONSOLIDATION   

(i) 

Subsidiaries 

Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group.  The Group controls an entity when it is exposed to, 
or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those 
returns through its power over the entity.  The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in the 
consolidated financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control 
ceases.  The accounting policies of subsidiaries have been changed when necessary to align them with 
the policies adopted by the Group. Investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost less any impairment 
losses. 
In the Company’s separate financial statements, investments in subsidiaries are carried at cost less 
any impairment losses.   

(ii) 

Joint arrangements 

The Group classifies its interests in joint arrangements as either joint operations or joint ventures (see 
below)  depending  on  the  Group’s  rights  to  the  assets  and  obligation  for  the  liabilities  of  the 
arrangements.  When making this assessment, the Group considers the structure of the arrangements, 
the legal form of any separate vehicles, the contractual terms of the arrangements and other facts 
and circumstances. 

Joint operation - when the Group has rights to the assets, and obligations for the liabilities, relating to 
an arrangement, it accounts for each of its assets, liabilities and transactions, including its share of 
those held or incurred jointly, in relation to the joint operation. 

Joint venture – when the Group has rights only to the net assets of the arrangement, it accounts for 
its interest using the equity method adopted for associates. 

(iii) 

Transactions eliminated on consolidation 

 Intra-group balances, and any unrealised income and expenses arising from intra-group transactions, 
are eliminated in preparing the consolidated financial statements.   

 (b) 

TAXATION  

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax.  Income tax expense is recognised in profit 
or loss except to the extent that it relates to items recognised directly in equity, in which case it is 
recognised in equity or in comprehensive income. 

Current tax is the expected tax payable on the taxable income for the year, using tax rates enacted or 
substantially  enacted  at  the  balance  sheet  date,  and  any  adjustment  to  tax  payable  in  respect  of 
previous years.   

Deferred tax is provided using the balance sheet liability method, providing for temporary differences 
between  the  carrying  amounts  of  assets  and  liabilities  for  financial  reporting  purposes  and  the 
amounts used for taxation purposes.  The following temporary differences are not provided for: the 
initial  recognition  of  assets  or  liabilities  that  affect  neither  accounting  nor  taxable  profit;  and 
differences relating to investments in subsidiaries to the extent that the Group is able to control the 
timing of the reversal of the temporary difference and it is probable that they will not reverse in the 
foreseeable  future.    The  amount  of  deferred  tax  provided  is  based  on  the  expected  manner  of 

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

realisation or settlement of the carrying amount of assets and liabilities using tax rates enacted at the 
balance sheet date. 

A deferred tax asset is recognised only to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profits will 
be available against which the asset can be utilised.  Deferred tax assets are reduced to the extent 
that it is no longer probable that the related tax benefit will be realised. 

Judgement  is  required  to determine which arrangements are considered to be a tax on income as 
opposed to an operating cost. Judgement is also required to determine whether deferred tax assets 
are recognised in the statement of financial position. Deferred tax assets, including those arising from 
unutilised tax losses, require management to assess the likelihood that the Company will generate 
sufficient taxable earnings in future periods, in order to utilise recognised deferred tax assets.  
Assumptions about the generation of future taxable profits depend on management’s estimates of 
future cash flows. These estimates of future taxable income are based on forecast cash flows from 
operations (which are impacted by production and sales volumes, oil and natural gas prices, reserves,  
operating costs, decommissioning costs, capital expenditure, dividends and other capital management 
transactions) and judgement about the application of existing tax laws in each jurisdiction. To the 
extent that future cash flows and taxable income differ significantly from estimates, the ability of the 
Company to realise the net deferred tax assets recorded at the reporting date could be impacted. 
In addition, future changes in tax laws in the jurisdictions in which the Company operates could limit 
the ability of the Company to obtain tax deductions in future periods. 

(c) 

IMPAIRMENT  

Non-financial assets 
The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is an indication that an asset (or CGU) 
may be impaired. Management has assessed its CGUs as being an individual field, which is the lowest 
level for which cash inflows are largely independent of those of other assets. If any indication exists, 
or when annual impairment testing for an asset is required, the Group estimates the asset’s or CGU’s 
recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s or CGU’s fair value less costs 
of disposal (FVLCD) and value in use (VIU). The recoverable amount is determined for an individual 
asset, unless the asset  does  not generate cash inflows that are largely independent of those from 
other assets or groups of assets, in which case the asset is tested as part of a larger CGU to which it 
belongs.  Where  the  carrying  amount  of  an  asset  or  CGU  exceeds  its  recoverable  amount,  the 
asset/CGU is considered impaired and is written down to its recoverable amount. 

In calculating VIU, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using a pre-
tax discount rate (12.7%) that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the 
risks specific to the asset/CGU.  

The Company bases its impairment calculation on detailed budgets and forecasts, which are prepared 
separately for each of the Company’s CGUs to which the individual assets are allocated. These budgets  
and forecasts generally cover the forecasted life of the CGUs. VIU does not reflect future cash flows 
associated with improving or enhancing an asset’s performance. 

Impairment losses of continuing operations, including impairment of inventories, are recognised in 
the  statement  of  profit  or  loss  and  other  comprehensive  income  in  those  expense  categories 
consistent with the function of the impaired asset.  

For  assets/CGUs,  an  assessment  is  made  at  each  reporting  date  to  determine  whether  there  is  an 
indication that previously recognised impairment losses may no longer exist or may have decreased. 
If such indication exists, the Group estimates the asset’s or CGU’s recoverable amount. A previously 
recognised impairment loss is reversed only if there has been a change in the assumptions used to 
31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

determine the asset’s/CGU’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss was recognised. The 
reversal is limited so that the carrying amount of the asset/CGU does not exceed either its recoverable 
amount, or the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation/amortisation, 
had no impairment loss been recognised for the asset/CGU in prior years. Such a reversal is recognised 
in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. 

(d)

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Recognition and measurement

(i)
Items  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  are  recorded  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation,
accumulated impairment losses and pre-commissioning revenue and expenses.

The cost of plant and equipment used in the process of gas extraction are accounted for separately 
and are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment costs.   

Cost includes expenditure that is directly attributable to acquisition of the asset.   
Gains  and  losses  on  disposal  of  an  item  of  property,  plant  and  equipment  are  determined  by 
comparing the proceeds from disposal with the carrying amount of property, plant and equipment 
and are recognised within “other income” in profit or loss.   

Subsequent expenditure

(ii)
Subsequent  expenditure  is  capitalised  only  if  it  is  probable  that  the  future  economic  benefits
associated with expenditure will flow to the Group.

(iii)

Depreciation

Property, plant and equipment 
Depreciation is recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of 
each part of an item of property, plant and equipment. The depreciation will commence when the 
asset is installed ready for use. 

The estimated useful lives of each class of asset fall within the following ranges: 

Office furniture & equipment 
Right-of-use assets: buildings 

2019 
3 – 5 years 
4 – 6 years 

2018 
3 – 5 years 

- 

The residual value, the useful life and the depreciation method applied to an asset are reviewed at 
each reporting date.  

32 

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

(e) 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

Initial recognition and measurement 
Financial  assets  and  financial  liabilities  are  recognised  when  the  Group  becomes  a  party  to  the 
contractual provisions to the instrument. For financial assets, this is the date that the Group commits 
itself to either the purchase or sale of the asset (i.e. trade date accounting is adopted).  

Except  for  those  trade  receivables  that  do  not  contain  a  significant  financing  component  and  are 
measured  at  the  transaction  price  in  accordance  with  AASB  15,  all  financial  assets  are  initially 
measured at fair value adjusted for transaction costs (where applicable), except where the instrument 
is classified "at fair value through profit or loss", in which case transaction costs are expensed to profit 
or loss immediately. Where available, quoted prices in an active market are used to determine fair 
value.  In  other  circumstances,  valuation  techniques  are  adopted.    Trade  receivables  are  initially 
measured  at  the  transaction  price  if  the  trade  receivables  do  not  contain  a  significant  financing 
component or if the practical expedient was applied as specified in AASB 15.63. 

Classification and subsequent measurement of financial assets  
Financial assets are subsequently measured at: 

•  amortised cost; 
• 
• 

fair value through other comprehensive income; or 
fair value through profit or loss. 

Measurement is on the basis of two primary criteria: 

• 
• 

the contractual cash flow characteristics of the financial asset; and 
the business model for managing the financial assets. 

A financial asset that meets the following conditions is subsequently measured at amortised cost: 

• 
• 

the financial asset is managed solely to collect contractual cash flows; and 
the contractual terms within the financial asset give rise to cash flows that are solely payments 
of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding on specified dates. 

A financial asset that meets the following conditions is subsequently measured at fair value through 
other comprehensive income: 

• 

• 

the contractual terms within the financial asset give rise to cash flows that are solely payments 
of principal and interest on the principal amount outstanding on specified dates; 
the business model for managing the financial assets comprises both contractual cash flows 
collection and the selling of the financial asset. 

By default, all other financial assets that do not meet the measurement conditions of amortised cost 
and fair value through other comprehensive income are subsequently measured at fair value through 
profit or loss. 

Classification and subsequent measurement of financial liabilities 
Financial liabilities are subsequently measured at: 

•  amortised cost; or 
• 

fair value through profit or loss. 

A financial liability is measured at fair value through profit and loss if the financial liability is: 

•  a  contingent  consideration  of  an  acquirer  in  a  business  combination  to  which  AASB  3:   

Business Combinations applies; 

•  held for trading; or 
• 

initially designated as at fair value through profit or loss. 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

All other financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest 
method. 

The effective interest method is a method of calculating the amortised cost of a debt instrument and 
of allocating interest expense in profit or loss over the relevant period. The effective interest rate is 
the internal rate of return of the financial asset or liability. That is, it is the rate that exactly discounts 
the estimated future cash flows through the expected life of the instrument to the net carrying amount 
at initial recognition. 

Derecognition 
Derecognition refers to the removal of a previously recognised financial asset or financial liability from 
the statement of financial position. 

Derecognition of financial liabilities 
A liability is derecognised when it is extinguished (i.e. when the obligation in the contract is discharged, 
cancelled or expires). An exchange of an existing financial liability for a new one with substantially 
modified  terms,  or  a  substantial  modification  to  the  terms  of  a  financial  liability  is  treated  as  an 
extinguishment of the existing liability and recognition of a new financial liability. 

The  difference  between  the  carrying  amount  of  the  financial  liability  derecognised  and  the 
consideration paid and payable, including any non-cash assets transferred or  liabilities  assumed, is 
recognised in profit or loss. 

Derecognition of financial assets 
A financial asset is derecognised when the holder's contractual rights to its cash flows expires, or the 
asset  is  transferred  in  such  a  way  that  all  the  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  are  substantially 
transferred. 

Compound financial instruments 
Compound  instruments  (convertible  notes)  issued  by  the  Group  are  classified  as  either  financial 
liabilities  or  equity  in  accordance  with  the  substance  of  the  arrangements.  An  option  that  is 
convertible and that will be settled by the exchange of a fixed amount of cash or another financial 
asset for a fixed number of the Group’s own equity instruments will be classified as equity. 

The  fair  value  of  the  liability  component  is  estimated  on  date  of  issue.  This  is  done  by  using  the 
prevailing market interest rate of the same kind of instrument. This amount is recognised using the 
effective  interest  method  as  a  liability  at  amortised  cost  until  conversion  or  the  end  of  life  of  the 
instrument.  The equity portion is calculated by deducting the liability amount from the fair value of 
the instrument as a whole. The equity portion is not remeasured after initial recognition. Equity will 
remain as such until the option is exercised. When the option is exercised a corresponding amount 
will be transferred to share capital. If the option lapses without the option being exercised the balance 
in equity will be recognised in profit or loss. 

Costs of the transaction of the issue of convertible instruments are proportionally allocated to the 
equity and liability. Transaction costs in regards to the liability are included in the carrying amount of 
the liability and  are  amortised  over  its life using the effective interest method. Transaction cost in 
equity is directly recognised in equity. 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

Impairment 
The Group recognises a loss allowance for expected credit losses on financial assets that are measured 
at amortised cost or fair value through other comprehensive income. 

Expected credit losses are the probability-weighted estimate of credit losses over the expected life of 
a financial instrument. A credit loss is the difference between all contractual cash flows that are due 
and all cash flows expected to be received, all discounted at the original effective interest rate of the 
financial instrument. 

The  Group  uses  the  following  approaches  to  impairment,  as  applicable  under  AASB  9:  Financial 
Instruments: 

•  the general approach 
•  the simplified approach 
•  the purchased or originated credit impaired approach; and 
• 

low credit risk operational simplification. 

Recognition of expected credit losses in financial statements 
At each reporting date, the Group recognises the movement in the loss allowance as an impairment 
gain or loss in the statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income. 
The  carrying  amount  of  financial  assets  measured  at  amortised  cost  includes  the  loss  allowance 
relating to that asset. 

Assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income are recognised at fair value, with 
changes in fair value recognised in other comprehensive income. Amounts in relation to change in 
credit  risk  are  transferred  from  other  comprehensive  income  to  profit  or  loss  at  every  reporting 
period. 

For  financial  assets  that  are  unrecognised  (e.g.  loan  commitments  yet  to  be  drawn,  financial 
guarantees),  a  provision  for  loss  allowance  is  created  in  the  statement  of  financial  position  to 
recognise the loss allowance.  

(f) 

INVENTORIES 

 Inventories  are  measured  at  the  lower  of  cost  and  net  realisable  value  and  includes  expenditure 
incurred in acquiring the inventories and other costs incurred in bringing them to their existing location 
and condition.  Net realisable value is the estimated selling price less selling expenses. 

 (g) 

RESOURCE PROPERTIES 

Resource  property  costs  related  to  drilling  are  accumulated  in  respect  of  each  separate  area  of 
interest.  

Exploration properties 
Exploration properties are carried at balance sheet date at cost less accumulated impairment losses. 
Exploration  properties  include  the  cost  of  acquiring  resource  properties,  mineral  rights  and 
exploration, evaluation expenditure incurred subsequent to acquisition of an area of interest.  
Exploration properties are carried forward where right of tenure of the area of interest is current and 
they are expected to be recouped through sale or successful development and exploitation of the area 
of interest, or, where exploration and evaluation activities in the area of interest have not yet reached 
a stage that permits reasonable assessment of the existence of economically recoverable reserves and 
active and significant operations in, or in relation to, the area of interest are continuing. 

35 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

Exploration and evaluation assets are assessed for impairment if sufficient data exists to determine 
technically feasibility and commercial viability or facts and circumstances suggest that the carrying 
value amount exceeds the recoverable amount. 
Exploration  and  evaluation  assets  are  tested  for  impairment  when  any  of  the  following  facts  and 
circumstances exist: 

•  The  term  of  the  exploration  license  in  the  specific  area  of  interest  has  expired  during  the 

reporting period or will expire in the near future, and is not expected to be renewed; 

•  Substantive expenditure on further exploration for an evaluation of mineral resources in the 

specific area are not budgeted nor planned; 

•  Exploration for and evaluation of mineral resources in the specific area have not led to the 
discovery of commercially viable quantities of mineral resources and the decision was made 
to discontinue such activities in the specific area; or 

•  Sufficient data exists to indicate that, although a development in the specific area is likely to 
proceed,  the  carrying  amount  of  the  exploration  and  evaluation  asset  is  unlikely  to  be 
recovered in full from successful development or by sale. 

Areas  of  interest  which  no  longer  satisfy  the  above  policy  are  considered  to  be  impaired  and  are 
measured at their recoverable amount, with any subsequent impairment loss recognised in the profit 
and loss. 

Development properties 
Development properties are carried at balance sheet date at cost less accumulated impairment losses. 
Development  properties  represent  the  accumulation  of  all  exploration,  evaluation  and  acquisition 
costs in relation to areas where the technical feasibility and commercial viability of the extraction of 
gas  resources  in  the  area  of  interest  are  demonstrable  and  all  key  project  permits,  approvals  and 
financing are in place.  

When  there  is  low  likelihood  of  the  development  property  being  exploited,  or  the  value  of  the 
exploitable  development  property  has  diminished  below  cost,  the  asset  is  written  down  to  its 
recoverable amount. 

Production properties 
Production properties are carried  at balance sheet date at cost less accumulated  amortisation and 
accumulated impairment losses.  Production properties represent the accumulation of all exploration, 
evaluation and development and acquisition costs in relation to areas of interest in which production 
licences have been granted and the related project has moved to the production phase. 

Amortisation  of  costs  is  provided  on  the  unit-of-production  basis,  separate  calculations  being 
performed for each area of interest.  The unit-of-production base results in an amortisation charge 
proportional to the depletion of economically recoverable reserves.   

Amortisation  of  resource  properties  commences  from  the  date  when  commercial  production 
commences.  
When the value of the exploitable production property has diminished below cost, the asset is written 
down to its recoverable amount. 

The  Group  reviews  the  recoverable  amount  of  resource  property  costs  at  each  reporting  date  to 
determine whether there is any indication of impairment.  If any such indication exists then the asset’s 
recoverable amount is estimated (refer Note 1.3 (c)). 

36 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

(h) 

PROVISIONS 

Restoration and rehabilitation costs 

Long  term  environmental  obligations  are  based  on  the  Group’s  environmental  and  rehabilitation 
plans, in compliance with current environmental and regulatory requirements. 

Full  provision  is  made  based  on  the  net  present  value  of  the  estimated  cost  of  restoring  the 
environmental disturbances that have occurred up to the balance sheet date and abandonment of 
well sites and production fields.  Increases due to additional environmental disturbances, relating to 
the development of an asset, are capitalised and recorded in resource property costs, and amortised 
over  the  remaining  useful  lives  of  the  areas  of  interest.  The  net  present  value  is  determined  by 
discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments 
of the time value of money and risks specific to the liability.  

Annual increases in the provision relating to the unwinding of the discount rate are accounted for in 
the statement of profit or loss as finance expense. 

The  estimated  costs  of  rehabilitation  are  reviewed  annually  and  adjusted  against  the  relevant 
rehabilitation  asset,  as  appropriate  for  changes  in  legislation,  technology  or  other  circumstances 
including drilling activity and are accounted for on a prospective basis. Cost estimates are not reduced 
by potential proceeds from the sale of assets. 

(i) 

FINANCE INCOME AND EXPENSES 

Finance  income  comprises  interest  income on  funds  invested  and  foreign  currency  gains.    Interest 
income is recognised as it accrues in profit or loss, using the effective interest method.   

Finance expenses comprise interest expense on borrowings or other payables and unwinding of the 
discount  of  provisions  and  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  financial  assets  through  profit  and  loss.  
Borrowing  costs  that  are  not  directly  attributable  to the  acquisition,  construction  or  production  of 
qualifying assets are recognised in profit or loss using the effective interest method. 
Foreign currency gains and losses are reported as net amounts. 

(j)  

EMPLOYEE BENEFITS 

(i) 

Long-term service benefits 

The Group’s net obligation in respect of long-term service benefits is the amount of future benefit that 
employees have earned in return for their service in the current and prior periods.  The obligation is 
calculated using expected future increases in wage and salary rates including on-costs and expected 
settlement dates, and is discounted using the rates attached to the Government bonds at the balance 
sheet date which have maturity dates approximating to the terms of the Group’s obligations. 

(ii) 

Wages, salaries, annual leave, sick leave and non-monetary benefits 

Liabilities for employee benefits for wages, salaries, annual leave and sick leave that are expected to 
be  settled  within  12  months  of  the  reporting  date  represent  present  obligations  resulting  from 
employees  services  provided  to  reporting  date,  are  calculated  at  undiscounted  amounts  based  on 
remuneration  wage  and  salary  rates  that  the  Group  expects  to  pay  as  at  reporting  date  including 
related on-costs, such as workers compensation insurance and payroll tax. 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

(iii) 

Superannuation 

The Group contributes to defined contribution superannuation plans.  Contributions are recognised 
as an expense as they are due.  

(k) 

FOREIGN CURRENCY 

(i) 

Functional and presentation currency 

Items  included  in  the  financial  statements  of  each  of  the  Group’s  entities  are  measured  using  the 
currency  of  the  primary  economic  environment  in  which  the  entity  operates  (“the  functional 
currency”).  The consolidated financial statements are presented in Euro, which is PVE’s functional 
and presentation currency (refer note 1.2 (d)). 

(ii) 

Foreign currency transactions 

Foreign  currency  transactions  are  translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates 
prevailing  at  the  dates  of  the  transactions.    Foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  resulting  from  the 
settlement  of  such  transactions  and  from  the  translation  at  year-end  exchange  rates  of  monetary 
assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in  foreign  currencies  are  recognised  in  profit  or  loss  as  finance 
income or expense. 

Non-monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are translated at the date of 
transaction or the date fair value was determined, if these assets and liabilities are measured at fair 
value.  Foreign currency differences arising on retranslation are recognised in profit and loss, except 
for differences arising on the retranslation of available-for-sale equity instruments, a financial liability 
designated as a hedge of the net investment in a foreign operation, or qualifying cash flow hedges, 
which are recognised directly in equity. 

(iii) 

Foreign operations 

The assets and liabilities of foreign operations, including goodwill and fair value adjustments arising 
on consolidation are translated to Euro at foreign exchange rates ruling at the balance sheet date.  The 
revenues and expenses of foreign operations are translated to Euro at rates approximating the foreign 
exchange  rates  ruling  at  the  dates  of  the  transactions.    Foreign  exchange  differences  arising  on 
retranslation are recognised directly in a separate component of equity. 

Foreign  exchange  gains  and  losses  arising  from  monetary  items  receivable  from  or  payables  to  a 
foreign operation, the settlement of which is neither planned nor likely in the foreseeable future, are 
considered to form part of a net investment in a foreign operation and are recognised directly in equity 
in the foreign currency translation reserve. 

 (l) 

EARNINGS/LOSS PER SHARE 

Basic earnings per share (“EPS”) is calculated by dividing the net profit attributable to members of the 
parent  entity  for  the  reporting  period,  after  excluding  any  costs  of  servicing  equity  (other  than 
ordinary  shares  and  converting  preference  shares  classified  as  ordinary  shares  for  EPS  calculation 
purposes),  by  the  weighted  average  number  of  ordinary  shares  of  the  Company,  adjusted  for  any 
bonus issue. 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

Diluted  EPS  is  calculated  by  dividing  the  net  profit  attributable  to  members  of  the  parent  entity, 
adjusted by the after tax effect of financing costs associated with dilutive potential ordinary shares 
and the effect on revenues and expenses of conversion to ordinary shares associated with dilutive 
potential ordinary shares, by the weighted average number of ordinary shares and dilutive potential 
ordinary shares adjusted for any bonus issue. 

(m) 

OTHER INDIRECT TAXES 

Revenue, expenses and assets are recognised net of the amount of goods and services tax (GST) and 
value added tax (VAT) except where the amount of GST or VAT incurred is not recoverable from the 
taxation  authority.    In  these  circumstances,  the  GST  or  VAT  is  recognised  as  part  of  the  cost  of 
 acquisition of the asset or as part of the expense. 

 Receivables and payables are stated with the amount of GST or VAT included.  The net amount of 
 GST or VAT recoverable from, or payable to, the relevant taxation authority is included as a current 
 asset or liability in the balance sheet. 

Cash  flows  are  included  in  the  statement  of  cash  flows  on  a  net  basis.    The  GST  and  VAT 
 components  of  cash  flows  arising  from  investing  and  financing  activities  which  are  recoverable 
 from, or payable to, the relevant taxation authority are classified as operating cash flows. 

(n) 

SEGMENT REPORTING 

DETERMINATION AND PRESENTATION OF OPERATING STATEMENTS 

The Group determines and presents operating segments based on the information that internally is 
provided to the CEO, who is the Group’s chief operating decision maker.  

An operating segment is a component of the Group that engages in business activities from which it 
may earn revenues and incur expenses, including revenues and expenses that relate to transactions 
with any of the Group’s other components. An operating segment’s operating results are reviewed 
regularly by the CEO to make decisions about resources to be allocated to the segment and assess its 
performance, and for which discrete financial information is available. 

Segment results that are reported to the CEO include items directly attributable to a segment as well 
as those that can be allocated on a reasonable basis. Unallocated items comprise mainly corporate 
assets  and  income  tax  assets  and  liabilities.  Segment  capital  expenditure  is  the  total  cost  incurred 
during the period to acquire property, plant and equipment and resource property costs. 

(o) 

REVENUE 

Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable, net of the amount 
of  value  added  tax  (“VAT”)  payable  to  the  taxation  authority.  Revenue  is  recognised  when  the 
significant  risks  and  rewards  of  ownership  have  been  transferred  to  the  buyer,  recovery  of  the 
consideration  is  probable,  the  associated  costs  can  be  estimated  reliably,  there  is  no  continuing 
management involved with the goods, and the amount of revenue can be measured reliably.  

Sale of gas 

Gas sales revenue is recognised when control of the gas passes at the delivery point. Proceeds 
received in advance of control passing are recognised as unearned revenue.  

39 

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

(p) 

LEASES 

Accounting Policy Applicable from 1 January 2019 

The Company as a lessee 
For any  new  contracts  entered  into on or after 1 January 2019, the Company considers whether a 
contract is, or contains a lease. A lease is defined as ‘a contract, or part of a contract, that conveys the 
right to use an asset (the underlying asset) for a period of time in exchange for consideration’. To apply 
this  definition  the  Company  assesses  whether  the  contract  meets  three  key  evaluations  which  are 
whether: 
• 

the contract contains an identified asset, which is either explicitly identified in the contract or 
implicitly specified by being identified at the time the asset is made available to the Company  
the Company has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the 
identified asset throughout the period of use, considering its rights within the defined scope of 
the contract 
the Company has the right to direct the use of the identified asset throughout the period of use. 

• 

• 

The Company assess whether it has the right to direct ‘how and for what purpose’ the asset is used 
throughout the period of use.  

Measurement and recognition of leases as a lessee 
At lease commencement date, the Company recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the 
balance sheet. The right-of-use asset is measured at cost, which is made up of the initial measurement 
of  the  lease  liability,  any  initial  direct  costs  incurred  by  the  Company,  an  estimate  of  any  costs  to 
dismantle and remove the asset at the end of the lease, and any lease payments made in advance of 
the lease commencement date (net of any incentives received). 

The  Company  depreciates  the  right-of-use  assets  on  a  straight-line  basis  from  the 
lease 
commencement date to the earlier of the end of the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of 
the lease term. The Company also assesses the right-of-use asset for impairment when such indicators 
exist. 

At the commencement  date,  the  Company measures the lease liability at the present value of  the 
lease payments unpaid at that date, discounted using the interest rate implicit in the lease if that rate 
is readily available or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate.  

Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability are made up of fixed payments 
(including in substance fixed), variable payments based on an index or rate, amounts expected to be 
payable under a residual value guarantee and payments arising from options reasonably certain to be 
exercised. 

Subsequent to initial measurement, the liability will be reduced for payments made and increased for 
interest. It is remeasured to reflect any reassessment or modification, or if there are changes in in-
substance fixed payments. 

When the lease liability is remeasured, the corresponding adjustment is reflected in the right-of-use 
asset, or profit and loss if the right-of-use asset is already reduced to zero.  

The Company has elected to account for short-term leases and leases of low-value assets using the 
practical expedients.  Instead  of  recognising  a right-of-use asset and lease liability, the  payments in 
relation to these are recognised as an expense in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the lease 
term. 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

On the statement of financial position, right-of-use assets have been included in property, plant and 
equipment  (except  those  meeting  the  definition  of  investment  property)  and  lease  liabilities  have 
been disclosed separately under current and non-current liabilities. 

The Company as a lessee - Finance leases 
Management  applies  judgment  in  considering  the  substance  of  a  lease  agreement  and  whether  it 
transfers substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the leased asset. Key factors 
considered include the length of the lease term in relation to the economic life of the asset, the present 
value of the minimum lease payments in relation to the asset’s fair value, and whether the Company 
obtains ownership of the asset at the end of the lease term.  

For leases of land and buildings, the minimum lease payments are first allocated to each component 
based on the relative fair values of the respective lease interests. Each component is then evaluated 
separately  for  possible  treatment  as  a  finance  lease,  taking  into  consideration  the  fact  that  land 
normally has an indefinite economic life.   

The Company depreciates assets held under finance leases on a straight-line basis over the useful lives 
of the asset. The interest element of lease payments is charged to profit or loss, as finance costs over 
the period of the lease. 

Operating leases  
All  other  leases  are  treated  as  operating  leases.  Where  the  Company  is  a  lessee,  payments  on 
operating lease agreements are recognised as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. 
Associated costs, such as maintenance and insurance, are expensed as incurred. 

Accounting policy applicable to prior periods before 1 January 2019  
Leases in terms of which the Group assumes substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are 
classified as finance leases. Upon initial recognition the leased asset is measured at an amount equal 
to the lower of its fair value and the present value of the minimum lease payments. Subsequent to 
initial recognition, the asset is accounted for in accordance with the property, plant and equipment 
accounting policy.  
Other leases are operating leases and the leased assets are not recognised on the Group’s balance 
sheet. Payments made under operating leases are recognised in profit or loss on a straight line basis 
over the term of the lease. 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand, deposits held at call with financial institutions, 
other short-term, highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less that are 
readily convertible to known amounts of cash and which are subject to an insignificant risk of 
changes in value. 

CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES, DISCLOSURES, STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS 
Australian Accounting Standards and Interpretations that have recently been issued or amended but 
are not yet effective and have not been adopted by the Group for the annual reporting period ending 
31 December 2019. 

(q) 

(r) 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 2: 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT 

Exposure to credit, market and liquidity risks arise in the normal course of the Group’s business.  

This note presents information about the Group’s exposure to each of the above risks, their objectives, policies 
and  processes  for  measuring  and  managing  risk,  and  the  management  of  capital.    Further  quantitative 
disclosures are included throughout this financial report. 

Risk recognition and management are viewed as integral to the Group's objectives of creating and maintaining 
shareholder value, and the successful execution of the Group's strategies in gas exploration and development. 
The Board as a whole is responsible for oversight of the processes by which risk is considered for both ongoing 
operations and  prospective  actions.  Management is responsible for establishing procedures which provide 
assurance that major business risks are identified, consistently assessed and appropriately addressed. 

(i) 

Credit risk  

The Group invests in short term deposits and trades with recognised, creditworthy third parties. 

Cash and short-term deposits are made with institutions that have a credit rating of at least A1 from Standard 
& Poor’s and A from Moody's. 

Management  has  a  credit  policy  in  place  whereby  credit  evaluations  are  performed  on  all  customers  and 
parties the Company and its subsidiaries deal with. The exposure to credit risk is monitored on an ongoing 
basis.  

The maximum exposure to credit risk is represented by the carrying amount of each financial asset.  

(ii) 

Market Risk  

Interest rate risk  
The Group is primarily exposed to interest rate risk arising from its cash and cash equivalents and borrowings. 
The Group does not hedge its exposure to movements in market interest rates. The Group adopts a policy of 
ensuring that as far as possible it maintains excess cash and cash equivalents in bank accounts earning interest. 

Currency risk  
The Group is exposed to foreign currency risk on purchases that are denominated in a currency other than the 
respective  functional  currencies  of  consolidated  entities.  The  currency  giving  rise  to  this  risk  is  primarily 
Australian dollars.  
In respect to monetary assets held in currencies other than Euro, the Group ensures that the net exposure is 
kept to an acceptable level by minimising their holdings in the foreign currency where possible by buying or 
selling foreign currencies at spot rates where necessary to address short term imbalances.  

(iii)  

Capital Management 

The  Board’s  policy  is  to  maintain  a  strong  capital  base  so  as  to  maintain  investor,  creditor  and  market 
confidence and to sustain future development of the business. Capital consists of issued share capital plus 
accumulated losses/earnings. The Board monitors accumulated losses/earnings.  
The Board seeks to encourage all employees of the Group to hold ordinary shares.  

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

The Board seeks to maintain a balance between the higher returns that might be possible with higher levels 
of borrowings and the advantages and security afforded by a sound capital position from shareholders.    
The Group does not have a defined share buy-back plan and there were no changes in the Group’s approach 
to capital management during the year. 
There are no externally imposed restrictions on capital management. 

(iv)  

Liquidity Risk  

The Group's approach to managing liquidity is to ensure, as far as possible, that it will always have sufficient 
liquidity  to  meet  its  liabilities  when  due.   Management  prepares  regular  cash  flow  forecasts  taking  into 
consideration debt facility obligations. Capital expenditures are planned around cash flow availability. 

NOTE 3: 

EMPLOYEE BENEFIT EXPENSES 

Wages and salaries 
Contributions to defined contribution plans 

NOTE 4: 

CORPORATE OVERHEADS 

Corporate overheads comprise: 

Company administration and compliance 
Professional fees 
Office costs 
Travel and entertainment  
Other expenses 

NOTE 5: 

AUDITORS’ REMUNERATION 

Auditors of the Company: Bentleys NSW Audit Pty Ltd 
Audit and review of the Group financial statements 
Auditors of the Subsidiary entity: EY S.p.A 
Audit and review of the subsidiary financial statements 
For corporate tax services 
For other services 

CONSOLIDATED 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

564,039 
75,092 

639,131 

502,368 
75,202 

577,570 

115,528 
494,997 
60,007 
70,953 
10,946 

752,431 

101,522 
357,611 
105,588 
66,697 
19,751 

651,169 

24,090 

26,581 

10,540 
- 
- 

10,540 

8,000 
15,600 
16,800 

40,400 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 6:  

FINANCE INCOME AND EXPENSE 

Recognised in profit and loss: 
Interest income 

Finance income 

Interest expense  

Foreign exchange (gains) / losses (net) 

Finance expense 

Net finance expense 

NOTE 7: DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS 

CONSOLIDATED 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

134 

134 

286 

286 

260,191 

48,207 

308,398 

(308,264) 

169,200 

(83,403) 

85,797 

(85,511) 

During the prior period, PVE completed the restructuring and spin-off of its subsidiary Saffron Energy Plc, now 
Coro Energy Plc (“Coro”).  On 9 April 2018, Coro acquired Sound Energy Italy and completed a GBP14 million 
capital raise, thereby diluting the Company’s 100m shareholding in Coro to 13.92%, and with no members on 
the Board of Coro, this has resulted in deconsolidation of Coro from the Group results.  An effective date for 
accounting purposes of 31 March 2018 has been used for the deconsolidation given the level of operating 
transactions between this date and 9 April 2018 were immaterial.   

Net assets of discontinued operation at the date of loss of 
control 

The carrying amount of assets and liabilities as at the date of deconsolidation were: 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Trade and other receivables 

Inventory 

Other non-current assets 

Deferred tax assets 

Property plant and equipment 

Resource property costs 

Trade and other payables 

Provisions – current 

Provisions – non-current 

Net assets of discontinued operation 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

496,589 

1,696,458 

252,034 

79,685 

1,994,913 

2,097,515 

2,404,528 

(3,100,666) 

(37,510) 

(4,827,080) 

1,056,466 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 7: DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS (continued) 

CONSOLIDATED 

Financial performance from discontinued operation 
The financial performance presented for the 3 months ended 31 March 2018 was as 
follows: 

2019 
€ 

Revenue  

Operating expenses 

Depreciation and amortisation expense 

Gross profit 

Other income 

Administrative and corporate expenses 

Net finance costs 

Impairment losses 

Loss from discontinued operations 

Gain on deconsolidation of discontinued operations 

Profit / (loss) from discontinued operations before tax 

Income tax expense 

Profit / (loss) from discontinued operations 

Profit / (loss) attributable to members of the Company 

Profit / (loss) attributable to Non-controlling interests 

Net profit from discontinued operations 

Cash flows from discontinued operation 
The net cash flows from discontinued operations were as 
follows: 

Net cash used in operations 

Net cash used in investing activities 

Net cash and cash equivalents disposed of 

Net cash provided by financing activities 

2018 
€ 

584,676 

(207,589) 

(55,784) 

321,303 

3,927 

(664,230) 

(73,303) 

- 

(412,303) 

4,818,763 

4,406,460 

- 

4,406,460 

4,612,612 

(206,152) 

4,406,460 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(164,730) 

(431,063) 

(496,589) 

726,985 

(365,397) 

In the prior year, the Company obtained shareholder approval to distribute the 100m shares it held in Coro to 
shareholders as a return of capital. Shareholders received 1 Coro share for every 5.9 shares held in PVE. The 
fair value of the distribution was determined as the closing market price of the Coro shares on the record date 
for distribution.  The Coro share price on that date was €0.0441 (GBP0.03875) per share.  The total value of 
the distribution to shareholders was €4,410,847.  The decrease in value of shares held at the record date for 
distribution has been recognised as an impairment of €816,426 in the statement of profit and loss and other 
comprehensive income for 2018. 

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

INCOME TAX (BENEFIT) / EXPENSE  

NOTE 8: 
Current tax 

Current year 

Deferred tax 

Origination and reversal of temporary differences 

Deferred tax (benefit) / expense   

Total income tax (benefit) / expense   

CONSOLIDATED 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

- 

- 

(203,141) 

(140,172) 

(203,141) 

(140,172) 

(203,141) 

(140,172) 

Numerical reconciliation between tax expense and pre-tax accounting profit / (loss) 

Profit / (loss) for the year before tax from continuing operations 

(1,707,882) 

(1,972,724) 

Income tax (benefit) / expense using the Company’s domestic tax rate of 
27.5 per cent (2018: 27.5%) 

(469,667) 

(542,500) 

Non-deductible expenses: 
Fair value adjustments 
Other 

Effect of tax rates in foreign jurisdictions 
Current year losses and temporary differences for which no deferred tax 
asset was recognised 
Changes in temporary differences 

- 
115,744 
29,826 

108,600 
12,356 

224,517 
14,928 
24,015 

115,382 
23,486 

Income tax (benefit) / expense   

(203,141) 

(140,172) 

NOTE 9: 

EARNINGS PER SHARE 

Basic and diluted earnings / (loss) per share (€ cents) from continuing 
operations 
Basic and diluted earnings / (loss) per share (€ cents) from discontinued 
operations 

(0.24) 

(0.31) 

- 

0.78 

The  calculation  of  basic  and  diluted  loss  per  share  from  continuing  operations  was  based  on  the  loss 
attributable to shareholders of €1,504,741 (2018: €1,832,552) and a weighted average number of ordinary 
shares outstanding during the year of 631,578,465 (2018: 593,766,325).  

The calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share from discontinued operations in 2018 was based on 
the  profit  attributable  to  members  of  €4,612,612  and  a  weighted  average  number  of  ordinary  shares 
outstanding during the half year of 593,766,325.  

Diluted earnings / (loss) per share is the same as basic earnings / (loss) per share. 

46 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 9: 

EARNINGS PER SHARE (continued) 

The number of weighted average shares is calculated 
as follows: 
Number of shares on issue at beginning of the year 
10,095,237 shares issued 27 May 2019 
14,545,456 shares issued on 8 August 2019 
10,909,091 shares issue on 6 November 2019 
18,476,190 shares issued on 21 December 2018 

No. of days 
365 
218 
145 
55 
10 

CONSOLIDATED 

2019 
Weighted 
average no. 
611,736,318 
6,029,485 
9,674,730 
4,109,590 
- 
631,578,465 

2018 
Weighted 
average no. 
593,260,128 
- 
- 
- 
506,197 
593,766,325 

CONSOLIDATED 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

NOTE 10: CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS 

(a)  Cash and cash equivalents 

42,165 

515,604 

Reconciliation of cash flows from operating activities 

(b) 
Profit / (loss) for the year 
Adjustment for non-cash items: 
Depreciation and amortisation 
Unrealised foreign exchange losses related to financing activities 
Interest capitalised to loans / borrowings 
Interest on lease liabilities 
Impairments 
Profit from discontinued operations 
Change in operating assets and liabilities: 
Decrease/(increase) in receivables 
Increase/(decrease) in trade and other payables 
(Decrease)/Increase in provisions  
(Increase)/Decrease in deferred tax assets 

(1,504,741) 

2,573,908 

41,700 
38,611 
195,660 
2,570 
- 
- 

215,927 
86,082 
41 
(203,141) 

1,067 
- 
- 
- 
816,426 
(4,406,460) 

(100,758) 
 (20,728) 
(18,004) 
(140,172) 

Cash flows used in discontinued operations 

- 

(164,730) 

Net cash inflow from operating activities 

(1,127,291) 

(1,459,451) 

(c)  Non-cash financing activities 

Repayment of related party loans (refer Note 24) 

240,845 

- 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES 

NOTE 11: 
Current 
Trade receivables 
Sundry debtors 
Indirect taxes receivable  

CONSOLIDATED 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

151,866 
85,351 
46,636 

205,605 
4,443 
289,732 

283,853 

499,780 

The Group’s exposure to credit and currency risks and impairment losses related to trade and other 
receivables are disclosed in Note 22. 

NOTE 12: 

PROPERTY PLANT & EQUIPMENT 

Office Furniture & Equipment: 
At cost 
Accumulated depreciation 

Right-of-use asset: Building  
At Cost 
Accumulated depreciation 

Total property plant & equipment 

Reconciliations: 
Reconciliation of the carrying amounts for each class of 
Plant & equipment are set out below: 
Carrying amount at beginning of year 
Additions  
Adjustment of right-of-use assets on transition to AASB16 
Depreciation expense  
Depreciation expense of assets in discontinued operations (refer note 7) 
Assets relating to discontinued operations (refer note 7) 

Carrying amount at end of year 

Gas Producing plant and equipment: 
Carrying amount at beginning of period 
Additions / Reclassification 
Depreciation expense discontinued operations 
Impairment losses 
Assets relating to discontinued operations (refer note 7) 

Carrying amount at end of year 

21,503 
(12,989) 

8,514 

136,616 
(39,985) 

96,631 

105,145 

9,602 
626 
136,616 
(41,700) 
- 
- 

105,145 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

105,145 

24,576 
(14,974) 

9,602 

- 
- 

- 

9,602 

18,258 
- 
- 
(1,067) 
(1,057) 
(6,532) 

9,602 

2,140,611 
- 
(49,628) 
- 
(2,090,983) 

- 

9,602 

48 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
         
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 13: 

RESOURCE PROPERTY COSTS  

Resource Property costs 

          Exploration and Evaluation  

Reconciliation of carrying amount of resource properties 

Exploration and Evaluation Phase 

           Carrying amount at beginning of period 

Exploration expenditure 

Impairment losses  

Assets relating to discontinued operations (refer note 7) 

CONSOLIDATED 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

7,876,926 

7, 704,644 

7,704,644 

9,182,411 

172,282 

636,128 

- 

- 

- 

(2,113,895) 

Carrying amount at end of period 

7,876,926 

7,704,644 

Resource property costs in the exploration and evaluation phase have not yet reached a stage which permits 
a reasonable assessment of the existence of or otherwise of economically recoverable reserves. The ultimate 
recoupment  of  resource  property  costs  in  the  exploration  phase  is  dependent  upon  the  successful 
development and exploitation, or alternatively sale, of the respective areas of interest at an amount greater 
than  or  equal  to  the  carrying  value.  Where  exploration  permits  have  expired  or  not  renewed,  the  costs 
previously capitalised are expensed to the statement of profit and loss.  

The  Group  reviewed  the  carrying  value  of  its  assets  and  cash  generating  units  using  a  Value  in  Use  CGU 
valuation,  in  particular  a  valuation  on  Selva  and  Teodorico  projects  was  calculated  to  determine  the 
recoverable amount of each of these fields. 

The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s or CGU’s fair value less costs of disposal (FVLCD) and value 
in use (VIU). In calculating VIU, the estimated future cash flows are discounted to their present value using 
an after-tax discount rate (10%) that reflects current market assessments of the time value of money and the 
risks specific to the assets. 

The Company bases its calculation on detailed budgets and forecasts, which are prepared separately for each 
of the Company’s CGUs to which the individual assets are allocated. These budgets and forecasts generally 
cover the forecasted life of the CGUs. VIU does not reflect future cash flows associated with improving or 
enhancing an asset’s performance.  Furthermore, independent valuations were performed for the purposes 
of estimating the reserves of these projects by CGG Services (UK) Limited (“CGG”). 

The recoverable amount determined by the CGG report of Selva and Teodorico was €18.2 million and €17.8 
million respectively. The recoverable amount determined by the Groups internal valuation was higher than 
these amounts. 

The carrying value of these assets is significantly lower at €4.1 million and €2.9 million respectively. As a result 
of this assessment, with the recoverable amount exceeding the carrying value of these assets, no impairment 
has been required. 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 13: 

RESOURCE PROPERTY COSTS (continued) 

Production Phase 

           Carrying amount at beginning of period 

 Additions 

 Amortisation of producing assets in discontinued operations 

Assets relating to discontinued operations (refer note 7) 

Carrying amount at end of period 

The Group currently does not have any production assets 

CONSOLIDATED 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

159,390 

137,400 

(6,157) 

(290,633) 

- 

NOTE 14: 

DEFERRED TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES 

Recognised deferred tax assets 
Deferred tax assets have been recognised in respect of the following items: 

Tax losses 

Accrued expenses and liabilities 

Recognised deferred tax assets 

848,694 

658,474 

98,487 

85,566 

947,181 

744,040 

The tax losses in both Italy and Australia do not expire. The deductible temporary differences do not expire 
under current tax legislation. Deferred tax assets have been recognised in respect of these items because it is 
probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the Group can utilise the benefits therefrom. 

Unrecognised deferred tax assets 
Deferred tax assets have not been recognised in respect of the following items: 

Tax losses 

Deductible temporary differences 

Unrecognised deferred tax assets 

759,112 

1,100,264 

1,848,250 

1,840,089 

2,607,362 

2,940,353 

Deferred tax benefit will only be obtained if: 
(i) 

the relevant company derives future assessable income of a nature and of an amount sufficient to 
enable the benefit from the deductions for the losses to be realised; 
the relevant company continues to comply with the conditions for deductibility imposed by tax 
legislation; and 
No changes in tax legislation adversely affect the relevant company in realising the benefit from the 
deductions for the losses.  

(ii) 

(iii) 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 14: 

DEFERRED TAX ASSETS AND LIABILITIES (continued) 

Movement in recognised temporary differences during the year 
Discontinu
ed 
operations 
(refer note 7) 
€ 

Balance 1 
January 
2018 
€ 

Profit and 
loss 
€ 

Equity 
€ 

Consolidated 

Balance 31 
December 
2018 
€ 

Profit and 
loss 
€  

Equity 
€  

Balance 31 
December 
2019 
€  

Tax losses 
Accrued expenses 
and liabilities 
Total recognised 
deferred tax asset 

1,970,177 

(1,446,919) 

135,216 

628,332 

(547,994) 

5,228 

2,598,509 

(1,994,913) 

140,444 

- 

- 

- 

658,474 

190,220 

85,566 

12,921 

744,040 

203,141 

- 

- 

- 

848,694 

98,487 

947,181 

NOTE 15: 

TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES 

Trade payables and accruals 

Other payables 

CONSOLIDATED 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

1,051,524 

1,112,384 

38,635 

10,461 

1,090,159 

1,122,845 

Accrued interest on interest bearing loans of €76,484 (2018: €155,380) is included in trade payable 
and accruals (refer note 24) 
The Group’s exposure to currency and liquidity risks related to trade and other payables are 
disclosed in note 22. 

PROVISIONS 

NOTE 16: 
Current: 
Employee leave entitlements 

Non-Current: 
Restoration provision 

Reconciliation of restoration provision: 
Opening balance 
Increase in provision due to revised estimates 
Increase in provision from unwind of discount rate in discontinued 
operations 
Provisions relating to discontinued operations (refer note 7) 

2,797 

2,756 

- 

- 
- 

- 
- 

- 

4,802,873 

24,207 
(4,827,080) 

Closing balance  
The Group has considered its obligations for restoration and rehabilitation of the well development planned 
for  the  Selva  field.    The  Company  estimates  that  the  cost  of  restoration  of  the  well  development  will  be 
€2,065,119 to be incurred once production ceases at the end of estimated production life estimated to be 15 
years.     A  provision  for these  restoration  costs will  be  recognised  once  the  final  production  concession  is 
granted and development has commenced as anticipated in 2020. 

- 

- 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 17: LEASES 

Leases as lessee 
The Company leases office facilities in Rome, the lease runs for a period of six years from start of the lease in 
June 2016.  Previously this lease was classified as an operating lease under AASB117.  The Company leases 
office equipment under short term contracts for low-value items and as such the Company has elected not 
to recognise right-of use assets and lease liabilities for these leases. Payments made under such leases are 
expensed on a straight-line basis.  
Information about leases for which the Company is a lessee is presented below. 

Right-of-use assets 
Right-of-use assets related to leased properties that do not meet the definition of investment property and 
are presented as property, plant and equipment (see Note 12) 

Buildings 
Balance at 1 January (on adoption of AASB16) 
Additions to right-of-use assets  
Depreciation  
Balance at 31 December 2019 

Amounts recognised in profit or loss 
2019 - Leases under AASB16 
Interest on lease liabilities 
Expenses relating to leases of low-value assets 
2018 - Leases under AASB117 
Lease expense 

Amounts recognised in statement of cash flows 

Total cash outflow for leases 

€ 

136,616 
- 
(39,985) 
96,631 

€ 

2,570 
1,233 

35,220 

31 December 2019 
€ 
43,758 

Lease liabilities 
Lease liabilities are presented in the statement of financial position separately within liabilities as follows: 

31 December 2019 
€ 

31 December 2018 
€ 

Lease liabilities (current) 
Lease liabilities (non-current) 
The Group has a lease for the main operation office in Rome Italy.  Future minimum lease payments at 
31 December were as follows: 

41,066 
58,512 

- 
- 

Within one year 

One to five 
years 

After five 
years 

Lease payments 
Finance charges 
Net present values 

42,900 
(1,834) 
41,066 

59,916 
(1,404) 
58,512 

- 
- 
- 

Total 

102,816 
(3,238) 
99,578 

Lease payments not recognised as a liability 
The Group has elected not to recognise a lease liability for short term leases (leases with an expected 
term of 12 months or less) or for leases of low value assets.  

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 18: 

INTEREST BEARING LOANS 

This  note  provides  information  about  the  contractual  terms  of  the  Group’s  interest-bearing  loans  and 
borrowings,  which  are  measured  at  amortised  cost.  For  more  information  about  the  Group’s  exposure  to 
interest rate, foreign currency and liquidity risk, see note 22. 

Current liabilities 

Loans 

CONSOLIDATED 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

1,272,676 

1,201,258 

Terms and debt repayment schedule 
Terms and conditions of outstanding loans were as follows: 

31 December 2019 

31 December 2018 

Currency 

Nominal 
Interest 
rate 

Year of 
Maturity 

Face Value 
€ 

Carrying 
Amount 
€ 

Face Value 
€ 

Carrying 
Amount 
€ 

Current liabilities 

10% 

AUD 

2020 
Unsecured loans 
1,201,258 
The Group obtained financing through a streamlined facility provided by existing and former Directors of the 
Company and longstanding shareholders.  The facility arrangement has a term of 19 months and an interest 
rate of 10%.  (refer note 24 for details of related party balances) 
The Group’s exposure to currency, interest and liquidity risk related to interest bearing loans are disclosed in 
note 22. 

1,201,258 

1,272,676 

1,272,676 

NOTE 19: CONVERTIBLE NOTES 

The Company issued convertible notes equivalent to A$2,500,000 in 2018.  The Euro value of these convertible 
notes at 31 December 2019 is €1,563,183 (2018: €1,531,250). 

The convertible notes are convertible into fully paid ordinary shares of the Company at a conversion price of 
A$0.042  per  share.    The  notes  are  to  be  converted  or  otherwise  redeemed  within  three  years  of  issue 
(repayment date) and interest shall be payable in cash on the principal amount at a rate of 8% per annum, 
calculated  monthly  and  payable  6  monthly  in  arrears.    Subject  to  shareholder  approval,  if  required,  the 
noteholder may, before the maturity date, convert the convertible note into shares by providing the Company 
with written notice of the conversion. 
The Company has the right to elect to redeem any unconverted convertible notes by giving 30-day notice to 
the noteholder. 

Redemption of the notes occurs on: 

a)  The repayment date; 
b)  Within 10 business days on the occurrence of an event of default which has not been remedied within 

the prescribed period; or 

c)  On  a  change  in  control  of  the  Company  (including  a  takeover)  or  the  sale  of  the  Company’s  main 

undertaking unless the noteholder elects to convert the Convertible Notes into shares. 

The redemption amount is the outstanding facility amount with respect to each note plus any unpaid interest. 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 20: 

CAPITAL AND RESERVES 

Share Capital  
Opening balance - 1 January  

Shares issued during the year: 
Placement issue tranche 2 – 27 May 2019 
Placement issue - 8 August 2019 
Placement issue tranche 2 - 6 November 2019 
Placement issue of 21 December 2018 
Return of capital 

Ordinary Shares 

2019 
Number 

2018 
Number 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

611,736,318 

593,260,128 

45,531,416 

49,462,268 

10,095,237 
14,545,456 
10,909,091 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
18,476,190 
- 

262,337 
484,062 
371,996 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
483,009 
(4,410,847) 

Share issue costs 

- 

- 

(8,066) 

(3,014) 

Closing balance – 31 December  

647,286,102 

611,736,318 

46,641,745 

45,531,416 

All ordinary shares are  fully paid and  carry one vote per share and  the right  to dividends.   In  the event of 
winding up the Company, ordinary shareholders rank after creditors.  Ordinary shares have no par value. 

Translation Reserve 
The translation reserve comprises all foreign currency differences arising from the translation of the financial 
statements of foreign operations. The historical balance comprises of translation differences prior to change 
in functional currency of a foreign operation.  

Dividends  
No dividends were paid or declared during the current year (2018: Nil). 

54 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
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PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 21: 

FINANCIAL REPORTING BY SEGMENTS (continued) 

Reconciliation of reportable segment profit or loss, assets and 
liabilities 

Profit or loss: 

CONSOLIDATED 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

Total profit / (loss) for reportable segments 

(432,308) 

3,741,613 

Unallocated amounts: 

Net finance expense 

Other corporate expenses 

Consolidated profit / (loss) before income tax 

Assets: 

Total assets for reportable segments 

Other assets 

Consolidated total assets 

Liabilities: 

Total liabilities for reportable segments 

Other liabilities 

Consolidated total liabilities 

NOTE 22: 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

(308,264) 

(85,511) 

(967,310) 

(1,222,366) 

(1,707,882) 

2,433,736 

8,028,792 

7,856,510 

1,244,056 

1,644,615 

9,272,848 

9,501,125 

(352,159) 

(527,663) 

(3,676,234) 

(3,330,446) 

(4,028,393) 

(3,858,109) 

(a) 

Interest Rate Risk Exposures 
Profile 
At  the  reporting  date  the  interest  rate  profile  of  the  Group’s  interest-bearing  financial 
instruments was: 
Variable rate instruments 
Financial assets 
Financial liabilities 

42,165 
- 
42,165 

515,604 
- 
515,604 

Fixed rate instruments 
Financial assets 
Financial liabilities 

- 
(2,835,859) 
(2,835,859) 

- 
(2,732,508) 
(2,732,508) 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 22: 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued) 

Cash flow sensitivity analysis for variable rate instruments: 
A strengthening of 50 basis points in interest rates at the reporting date would have increased / 
(decreased) equity and profit and loss by the amounts shown below.  This analysis assumes that 
all other variables, in particular foreign currency rates, remain constant.  The analysis is performed 
on the same basis for 2018. 

Effect in €’s 

31 December  
Variable rate instruments 

Profit or loss 

Equity 

2019 

2018 

2019 

2018 

211 

2,578 

- 

- 

(b)  Credit Risk  

Exposure to credit risk 
The Group is not exposed to significant credit risk. Credit risk with respect to cash is held with 
recognised financial intermediaries with acceptable credit ratings.  

The  Group  has  limited  its  credit  risk  in  relation  to  its  receivables.    Receivables  from  joint 
operations partners fall under the Joint Operations Agreement for the development of the Selva 
project. Other receivables from Government agencies have limited credit risk as these are either 
offset against other indirect taxes or payroll taxes payable first with any remainder receivable 
within a 12-month period. 

The carrying amount of the Group’s financial assets represents the maximum credit exposure and 
is shown in the table below. No receivables are considered past due nor were any impairment 
losses recognised during the period. 

Cash and cash equivalents 
Receivables – Current 
Other assets 

Note 

10 
11 

CONSOLIDATED 
Carrying Amount 

2019 
€ 
42,165 
283,853 
17,578 
343,596 

2018 
€ 
515,604 
499,780 
27,455 
1,042,389 

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 22: 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued) 

(c) 

Liquidity risk 
The following are the contractual maturities of financial liabilities, including estimated interest 
payments: 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Consolidated 
31 December 2019 
In  € 

Trade  and  other 
payables 

Carrying 
amount 

Contractual 
cash flows 

6 months 
or less 

6 to 12 
months 

1 – 2 Years 

2 – 5 Years 

(1,090,159) 

(1,090,159) 

(1,090,159) 

- 

- 

Lease liabilities 

(99,578) 

(103,675) 

(21,450) 

(21,450) 

(60,775) 

Interest bearing 
loans 

(1,272,676) 

(1,476,427) 

- 

(1,476,427) 

- 

Convertible notes 

(1,563,183) 

(1,816,444) 

(128,207) 

(62,527) 

(1,625,710) 

(4,025,596) 

(4,486,705) 

(1,239,816) 

(1,560,404) 

(1,686,485) 

Consolidated 
31 December 2018 
In  € 

Trade  and  other 
payables 
Interest bearing 
loans 
Convertible notes 

Carrying 
amount 

Contractual 
cash flows 

6 months 
or less 

6 to 12 
months 

1 – 2 Years 

2 – 5 Years 

(1,040,040) 

(1,040,040) 

(1,040,040) 

- 

- 

(1,201,258) 
(1,531,250) 

(1,356,638) 
(1,882,770) 

- 
(106,520) 

(1,356,638) 
(61,250) 

- 
(1,715,000) 

(3,772,548) 

(4,279,448) 

(1,146,560) 

(1,417,888) 

(1,715,000) 

- 

- 
- 

- 

(d) 

Net Fair Values of financial assets and liabilities 
The carrying amounts of financial assets and liabilities as disclosed in the balance sheet equate 
to their estimated net fair value. 

Financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value in the statement of financial 
position are grouped into three levels of a fair value hierarchy. 

The three levels are defined based on the observability of significant inputs to the 
measurement, as follows: 

•  Level 1: quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities; 
•  Level 2: inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable 
for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (derived from 
prices); and 

•  Level 3: inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data 

(unobservable inputs). 

58 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 22: 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued) 

Current receivables, current payables and cash & cash equivalents are not measured at fair 
value.   Due to their short- term nature, the carrying amount of current receivables, current 
payables and cash and cash equivalents is assumed to approximate their fair value. 

The table below summarises financial assets and liabilities at fair value at each level of 
measurement: 

At 31 December 2019 

Lease Liabilities 

Convertible Notes (refer note) 

Level 1 
$ 

Level 2 
$ 

Level 3 
$ 

Total 
$ 

- 

- 

- 

- 

99,578 

99,578 

1,563,183 

- 

1,563,183 

1,563,183 

99,578 

1,662,761 

(e) 

Foreign Currency Risk 
The  Group  is  exposed  to  foreign  currency  risk  on  purchases  and  borrowings  that  are 
denominated in a currency other than Euro. The currencies giving rise to this risk is primarily 
Australian Dollars and Pound Sterling. 

Amounts receivable/(payable) in foreign currency other than 
functional currency: 
Cash 
Current – Payables 
Current – Interest bearing loans 
Non-current – Convertible notes 
Net Exposure 

CONSOLIDATED 

2019 
€ 

29,685 
(127,238) 
(1,272,676) 
(1,563,183) 
(2,933,412) 

2018 
€ 
413,682 
(68,022) 
(1,201,258) 
(1,531,250) 
(2,386,848) 

The following significant exchange rates applied during the year: 

Australian Dollar ($) 
Pound Sterling (£) 

Average rate 

Reporting date spot rate 

2019 
0.620 
1.141 

2018 
0.632 
1.130 

2019 
0.625 
1.175 

2018 
0.616 
1.113 

Sensitivity Analysis 
A 5 percent strengthening of the Australian dollar against the Euro (€) at 31 December would have 
increased (decreased) equity and profit and loss by the amounts shown below.  This analysis assumes 
that  all  other  variables,  in  particular  interest  rates,  remain  constant.    The  analysis  for  2018  was 
prepared using the same basis. 

31 December 2019 
Australian Dollar to Euro (€) 
Pound Sterling (£) 

31 December 2018 
Australian Dollar to Euro (€) 
Pound Sterling (£) 

CONSOLIDATED 

Profit or loss 
€ 

(142,970) 
(3,700) 

Equity 
€ 
- 
- 

(128,673) 
(308) 

- 
- 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 22: 

FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (continued) 

A 5 percent weakening of the Australian dollar against the Euro (€) at 31 December would have the 
equal but opposite effect on the above currencies to the amounts shown above, on the basis that all 
other variables remain constant. 

NOTE 23: 

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

Contractual Commitments and contingencies 

The Company has considered its obligations for restoration and rehabilitation of the well 
development planned for the Selva field.  The Company estimates that the cost of restoration of the 
well development will be €2,065,119 to be incurred once production ceases at the end of estimated 
production life estimated to be 15 years.   

A provision for these restoration costs will be recognised once the final production concession is 
granted and development has commenced as anticipated in 2020. 

Other than the above, there are no other material commitments or contingent liabilities not provided 
for in the financial statements of the Company or the Group as at 31 December 2019. 

NOTE 24: 

RELATED PARTIES 

KEY MANAGEMENT PERSONNEL COMPENSATION  
The key management personnel compensation included in employee benefit expenses (see note 3) is 
as follows: 

Short-term employee benefits 
Termination benefits 
Other long term benefits 
Post-employment benefits  

Consolidated 

2019 
€ 
200,303 
- 
- 
- 

2018 
€ 
267,883 
- 
- 
9,847 

200,303 

277,730 

INTEREST BEARING LOANS  
The  Company  obtained  financing  through  a  streamlined  facility  provided  by  existing  and  former 
Directors of the Company.  The facility agreements have been reached with entities associated with 
Kevin Bailey (current director), Byron Pirola (director up to 3 March 2020) and Graham Bradly (former 
director  and  current  shareholder).    The  loan  balances  and  their  repayment  terms  are  summarised 
below: 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 24: 

RELATED PARTIES (continued) 

31 December 2019 

Related Party 
Beronia Investments Pty Ltd 
Beronia Investments Pty Ltd 
Beronia Investments Pty Ltd 
Kevin Bailey 
Fuiloro Pty Ltd 
G. Bradley 
K & G Bailey as trustee for The Bailey 
Family Trust 

Loan Amount 

A$663,179 
A$156,055 
A$528,396 
A$264,172 
A$190,800 
A$126,736 

Interest 
% p.a 
10% 
10% 
10% 
10% 
10% 
10% 

Repayment 
Term 
19 months 
19 months 
19 months 
19 months 
19 months 
19 months 

Accrued 
Interest 
€ 
24,312 
5,721 
19,371 
12,408 
6,138 
4,646 

A$106,055 

10% 

19 months 

3,888 

76,484 
Related party loans were extended by mutual agreement to 31 December 2020 with the lenders agreeing to 
capitalise interest accrued on the outstanding loans up to 1 June 2019.  
31 December 2018 
Beronia Investments Pty Ltd 
Beronia Investments Pty Ltd 
Beronia Investments Pty Ltd 
Kevin Bailey 
Fuiloro Pty Ltd 
Fuiloro Pty Ltd 
G. Bradley 
Symmall Pty Ltd 
Beronia Investments Pty Ltd 
K & G Bailey as trustee for The Bailey 
Family Trust 

12 months 
6 months 
6 months 
6 months 
12 months 
6 months 
12 Months 
6 months 
6 months 

A$236,181 
A$459,696 
A$395,000 
A$237,305 
A$6,191 
A$240,000 
A$94,927 
A$90,000 
A$100,000 

45,752 
30,694 
19,607 
16,963 
730 
20,525 
17,409 
1,302 
1,199 

10% 
10% 
10% 
10% 
10% 
10% 
10% 
10% 
10% 

A$100,000 

6 months 

1,199 

10% 

Movement on related party loans is summarised below: 

Balance at beginning of year 
Loans received 
Loans repaid  
Interest capitalised on loans 
Effect of foreign exchange 

155,380 

CONSOLIDATED 

2019 
€ 
1,201,258 
99,351 
(240,845) 
206,234 
6,678 

2018 
€ 

526,892 
731,719 
- 
- 
(57,353) 

Balance at end of year 

1,201,258 
Related party loans repaid during the year were settled with issue of 8,722,944 ordinary shares as part of 
the Directors participation in the private placements. 

1,272,676 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 24: 

RELATED PARTIES (continued) 

Accrued interest on loans 
Balance at beginning of year 
Accrued interest for year 
Interest capitalised to loans during year 

155,380 
127,338 
(206,234) 

54,888 
100,492 
- 

Balance of accrued interest at end of year 

76,484 

155,380 

CONVERTIBLE NOTES 
The table below summarises the Convertible notes held by related parties at 31 December 2019. The 
convertible notes are held by entities associated with Kevin Bailey and Michael Masterman (current 
directors) Refer note 19 for details on the terms of the convertible notes. 

Symmall Pty Ltd 
K & G Bailey as trustee for The Bailey Family Trust 

Interest accrued on convertible notes included in trade payables and 
accruals 
Symmall Pty Ltd 
K & G Bailey as trustee for The Bailey Family Trust 

NOTE 25: 

PARENT ENTITY DISCLOSURES  

Financial Position 
Assets 
Current assets 
Non-current assets 
Total assets 

Liabilities  
Current liabilities 
Non-current liabilities 
Total liabilities 

Net Assets 

Equity 
Issued capital 
Accumulated losses 
Total equity  

A$300,000 
A$700,000 

A$300,000 
A$700,000 

A$1,000,000 

A$1,000,000 

€ 
23,599 
55,065 

78,664 

€ 
17,666 
7,572 

25,238 

2019 
€ 

2018 
€ 

43,971 
7,429,667 
7,473,638 

440,283 
6,643,667 
7,083,951 

1,299,666 
1,563,183 
2,862,849 

1,196,513 
1,531,250 
2,727,763 

4,610,789 

4,356,187 

46,641,745 
(42,030,956) 
4,610,789 

45,531,416 
(41,175,229) 
4,356,187 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 25: 

PARENT ENTITY DISCLOSURES (continued)  

Financial Performance 
Loss 
Other comprehensive loss 
Total Comprehensive loss 

(855,727) 
- 
(855,727) 

(1,285,086) 
- 
(1,285,086) 

NOTE 26: 

INTERESTS IN OTHER ENTITIES AND JOINT OPERATIONS 

The Company’s interest in joint arrangements at 31 December 2019 are as follows: 

Joint Operation 

Manager 

Company’s Interest 

Principal Activity 
(Exploration) 

Selva Malvezzi Field 

Po Valley Operations 

63%* 

Gas 

The Company has a farm-out agreement and Joint Operations Agreement (“JOA”) with United Oil and 
Gas Plc (“United”) (20% economic interest) and Prospex Oil and Gas Plc (“Prospex”) (17% economic 
interest).  In exchange for their respective interests United and Prospex cover 74% of the completed 
Podere  Maiar-1  well  cost.    The  Company  received  preliminary  award  of  the  Selva  Production 
concession in January 2019.  Development of the production well and field connection pipework will 
be undertaken under the terms of the JOA with United and Prospex. 

*The Company holds the quota for 100% of the Podere Gallina and Selva Licences.  United and Prospex have 20% and 17% ecomonic 
interests and are awaiting Italian government approval for the 20% and 17% quotas to be transferred. 

Subsidiaries 
The parent and ultimate controlling party of the Group is Po Valley Energy Limited.  The investments 
held in controlled entities are included in the financial statements of the parent at cost less any 
impairment losses.  Set out below is a list of the significant subsidiaries of the Group. 

Name: 

Country of 
Incorporation 

Class of 
Shares 

2019 
Investment 
€ 

2018 
Investment 
€ 

Holding 
% 

Po Valley Operations Pty Limited 
(“PVO”) 

NOTE 27: 

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS 

Australia 

Ordinary 

2,544,225 

2,544,225 

100 

In  February  2020,  the  Company  entered  into  a  Master  Service  Agreement  for  the  provision  of 
technical, administrative and commercial services to an oil and gas company with assets within the Po 
Valley  region.  These  services  will  provide  the  Company  with  income  of  €25,000  per  month  for  a 
minimum period of 3 months and until the agreement is terminated by either party. 

During  the  month  of  March  2020,  the  Italian  government  imposed  a  nationwide  lockdown  as  a 
preventative measure to reduce the contagion of Covid-19. Po Valley employees are working from 
home during this time. Importantly, we have seen evidence that the Italian Ministries continue to be 
operational therefore we do not expect significant delays in the ongoing environmental approvals for  

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

 NOTES TO THE FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
FOR THE YEAR ENDED 31 DECEMBER 2019 

NOTE 27: 

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS (continued) 

Selva Malvezzi and Teodorico. Importantly, the oil and gas industry was declared an "essential service" 
by the Italian government underpinning its strategic importance in the Italian economy. However, the 
timing,  full  extent  of  the  impact  and  recovery  from  Covid-19  on  our  employees  and  business 
operations continues to evolve as at the date of this report. As such, the Group is unable to estimate 
the effects on the Group’s financial position, liquidity and operations in the 2020 financial year.  

Other than the above, there were no other events between the end of the financial year and the date 
of this report that, in the opinion of the Directors, affect significantly the operations of the Group, the 
results of those operations, or the state of affairs of the Group. 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 

DIRECTORS’ DECLARATION  

1.  In the opinion of the directors of PVE (“the Company”): 

i) 

the  financial  statements  and  notes,  as  set  out  on  pages 22  to  64,  and  the  remuneration 
disclosures that are contained in the Remuneration report in the Directors’ report, are in 
accordance with the Corporations Act 2001, including: 

a. 

b. 

giving a true and fair view of the Group’s financial position as at 31 December 2019 
and of its performance, for the financial year ended on that date; and 

complying  with  Australian  Accounting  Standards 
Accounting Interpretations) and the Corporations Regulations 2001;  

(including  the  Australian 

ii) 

subject to the matters disclosed in Note 1.2(c), there are reasonable grounds to believe that 
the Company will be able to pay its debts as and when they become due and payable. 

2.  The directors have been given the declarations required by 295A of the Corporations Act 2001 by 

the chief executive officer for the financial year ended 31 December 2019. 

3. The Directors draw attention to Note 1.2 to the Financial Statements which include a statement of 

compliance with International Financial Reporting Standards. 

This declaration is made in accordance with a resolution of directors. 

Michael Masterman 
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer 
31 March 2020 

Kevin Bailey 
Non-Executive Director 
31 March 2020

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
66

67

68

69

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
ASX ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 

Additional information required by the Australian Securities Exchange Limited Listing Requirements 
and not disclosed elsewhere in this report is set out below. 
Information regarding share holdings is current as at 15 April 2020. 

ORDINARY SHAREHOLDERS 

1. TOP TWENTY SHAREHOLDERS

Details of the 20 largest shareholders of quoted fully paid ordinary shares by registered shareholding 
are: 

Name 

Symmall Pty Ltd 
J P Morgan Nominees Australia Pty Limited 

HSBC Custody Nominees (Australia) Limited 
Fuiloro Pty Ltd 
P & N Dairies Pty Ltd 
Beronia Investments Pty Ltd 

1  Michael Masterman 
2  Mr Kevin Bailey & Mrs Grace Bailey 
3 
4 
5  Quo Vadis Pty Ltd 
6 
7 
8 
9 
10  Mr Laurie Mark Macri 
11  Beronia Investments Pty Ltd 
12  Citicorp Nominees Pty Limited 
13  Mr Paul Kenneth Lambert & Mrs Nadine Alison Lambert 
14  Beronia Investments Pty Ltd 
15  Donus Australia Foundation Limited 
16  Mr Laurence Mark Macri & Mrs Christine Simone Macri 
17  Mr Chris Carr & Mrs Betsy Carr 
18  Mr Graham John Bradley 
19  Mr Kevin Christopher Bailey 
20  Henderson International Pty Limited 

Total 

2. SUBSTANTIAL SHAREHOLDERS

Number 
86,234,079 
79,002,181 
78,446,050 
42,054,444 
30,799,806 
25,105,188 
25,061,679 
23,942,460 
20,718,217 
20,310,674 
19,868,413 
11,573,968 
10,815,921 
9,716,708 
9,460,000 
9,175,900 
9,000,000 
8,857,965 
8,000,000 
6,415,500 
534,559,153 

% 
13.32 
12.21 
12.12 
6.50 
4.76 
3.88 
3.87 
3.70 
3.20 
3.14 
3.07 
1.79 
1.67 
1.50 
1.46 
1.42 
1.39 
1.37 
1.24 
0.99 
82.60 

The following table shows holdings of 5% or more of voting rights as disclosed in substantial holding 
notices given to the Company or, in the case of directors, information available to the Company and 
disclosed to ASX in Directors Interest Notices: 

Fully paid Ordinary Shares 
Name 
Michael Masterman 
Kevin Bailey 
Byron Pirola 
Supervised Investments Australia Limited 
Mr Paul Kenneth Lambert  

Number 
167,971,782 
150,635,225 
62,784,178 
50,082,268 
34,813,665 

% 
25.95 
23.27 
9.70 
8.19 
5.47 

3. NUMBER OF SECURITY HOLDERS AND SECURITIES ON ISSUE

Total number of fully paid ordinary shares on issue is 647,286,103 held by 394 shareholders. 

70 

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
ASX ADDITIONAL INFORMATION 

4. VOTING RIGHTS

The voting rights attached to ordinary shares are that on a show of hand, every member present, in 
person or proxy, has one vote and upon a poll, each share shall have one vote. 

5. DISTRIBUTION OS SECURITY HOLDERS

Quoted Securities

Category 
1 to 1,000 
1001 to 5000 
5001 to 10000 
10,001 to 100,000 
100,000 and over 
Total 

Holders 
83 
18 
18 
152 
123 
394 

Fully paid Ordinary Shares  % 

7,659 
43,954 
136,295 
6,809,924 
640,288,271 
647,286,103 

0.00 
0.01 
0.02 
1.05 
98.92 
100.00 

6. UNMARKETABLE PARCEL OF SHARES

The number of shareholders holding less than a marketable parcel of ordinary shares is 122
based on the Po Valley Energy Limited closing share price of $0.044 on 15 April 2020.

7. ON MARKET BUY-BACK

There is no current on market buy-back.

UNQUOTED SECURITIES 

Po Valley Energy Limited has the following unquoted securities on issue: 

Category 
Convertible Notes 

Number 
2,500,000 

Number of holders 
6 

Convertible notes on issue have a maturity of 3 years from date of issue and interest payable of 8% 
p.a.    Convertible  notes  are  convertible  into  59,523,809  ordinary  fully  paid  shares  based  on  the
conversion price of $0.042 per fully paid ordinary share.

71 

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
TECHNICAL SUMMARY 

The following information is provided in order to comply with Chapter 5 of the ASX Listing Rules and 
include general requirements applicable to the public reporting of petroleum resources and specific 
information to be included in the oil and gas exploration: 

1)

TENEMENTS

Po  Valley  Energy  Limited  (the  “Company”,  “Po  Valley  Energy”  or  “PVE”)  holds  100%  of  Po  Valley 
Operations Pty Ltd (“PVO”). PVO holds the titles to all exploration permits and production concessions 
and its operations are located entirely in the north of Italy. 

As  at  31  December  2019,  the  Company’s  core  portfolio  includes  a  total  of  4  onshore  Exploration 
Permits  and  1  offshore  Exploration  Permit  and  two  preliminary  awarded  Production  Concessions. 
Total acreage position of the Company at 31 December 2019 is 1,690 km2.  

 For an illustration of each asset’s location please refer to the map in Figure 1 and Table 1. 

Figure 1: Licences map at 31 December 2019 

72 

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
TECHNICAL SUMMARY 

Tenement 

Location 

Interest held 

N
O
I
T
C
U
D
O
R
P

S
N
O
I
S
S
E
C
N
O
C

PREL. 
AWARDED 

PREL.  
AWARDED 

Teodorico (d.40.AC-PY) 

Italy, Adriatic Offshore 

100% Po Valley 

Selva Malvezzi (1) 

Italy, Emilia Romagna 

100% Po Valley 

S
T
I
M
R
E
P
N
O
I
T
A
R
O
L
P
X
E

AR94PY 

Italy, Adriatic Offshore 

Cadelbosco di Sopra (gas) (2) 

Italy, Emilia Romagna 

GRANTED 

Cadelbosco di Sopra (oil) (2) 

Italy, Emilia Romagna 

Grattasasso 

Italy, Emilia Romagna 

100% Po Valley 
85% Po Valley 
(op.) 

100% Po Valley 
100% Po Valley 
(op.) 

Podere Gallina(1) 

Italy, Emilia Romagna 

100% Po Valley  

Torre del Moro 

Italy, Emilia Romagna 

100% Po Valley 

Table 1: Tenements at 31 December 2019 
Notes: 

1.  PVO holds the quota for 100% of the Podere Gallina and Selva Malvezzi licences. United Oil and Gas and Prospex have 20% 
and 17% economic interests; the Italian government has preliminarily approved the 20% and 17% licences quotas to be 
transferred to them in Podere Gallina Permit; transfer approval for Selva Malvezzi has to be formally requested. 

2.  Cadelbosco  di  Sopra  85%  is  related  only  to  the  “gas  play”  -  After  Petrorep  Italiana  request,  Italian  government  on  25 

February 2020 approved the 15% licence quota to be transferred from Petrorep Italiana to Po Valley Operations. 

As at 31 December 2019 all tenements are 100% owned with exception of the Cadelbosco gas play at 
85%.  The  Company  holds  100%  of  the  quota  for  the  Podere  Gallina  Licence  but  a  63%  economic 
interest on the basis of the 2017 Farm-in Agreement with United Oil & Gas (20%) and Prospex Oil & 
Gas (17%) in the Podere Gallina licence (promotion on the Podere Maiar 1 well). United and Prospex 
received from the Italian government on 13 March 2020 a preliminary approval for the 20% and 17% 
quotas transfer in Podere Gallina permit; request for quotas transfer approval for Selva Malvezzi will 
follow after formal request. 

 The Farm-in Agreement for Cadelbosco (correlated only to the gas play) was completed in June 2012 
with Petrorep Italiana Spa for its 15% interest. Petrorep in 2019 lodged the application to transfer its 
15% licence quotas to Po Valley Operations and on 25 February 2020 the Italian government granted 
this quotas transfer.  

 2)                   RESERVES AND RESOURCES STATEMENT 

The following tables summarise the status of the Company’s Reserves & Resources as at 31 December 
2019. 

Company Reserves 

Reserves as at 

Reserves as at 

31 December 2019 

31 December 2018 

Gas, Italy (bcf) 

Developed 

Undeveloped 

Teodorico 

Selva Malvezzi (Podere Maiar) [net] 

Total Reserves 
Table 2: Total Company Reserves 

1P 

- 

26.70 

2.60 

29.30 

2P 

- 

36.50 

8.40 

44.90 

1P 

- 

26.70 

2.60 

29.30 

2P 

- 

36.50 

8.40 

44.90 

73 

 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
TECHNICAL SUMMARY 

The Company does not have unconventional petroleum Resources in its portfolio. The Company does 
not have any material concentration of Undeveloped Reserves in Oil & Gas projects that remained 
undeveloped for more than 5 years from the date they were initially reported.  

Company Contingent Resources 

Contingent Resources as at 

Contingent Resources as at 

Gas (bcf) 

Oil (MMbbls) 
Table 3: Total Company Contingent Resources 

31 December 2019 

1C 

2C 

31 December 2018 

1C 

2C 

12.8 

9.4 

25.8 

43.4 

12.8 

9.4 

25.8 

43.4 

The table on the following page of the Technical Summary shows the detailed estimate for each field. 

There have been no material changes to Reserves and Resource estimates since the prior year. 

In reference to the Reserves and Resources estimation process, the Company commits to a regular 
independent audit in order to obtain a certified update of its Reserves & Resources portfolio.  The last 
review took place in April 2019. 

The  reserves  and  resource  estimates  of  the  gas  fields  Teodorico  and  Selva  were  independently 
evaluated by the geological and petroleum reservoir consultancy firm CGG (UK) Services Ltd in 2018 
and 2019. The two oil discoveries (Bagnolo in Piano and Ravizza) were initially evaluated by CGG (UK) 
Services Ltd in 2013 and reviewed in 2019. 

All figures have been determined using a deterministic method except Teodorico which was estimated 
using a probabilistic method. 

Estimates of the recoverable volumes for each field and a detailed explanation of how this review was 
carried out as required under the Chapter 5 ASX Listing Rules are provided in the ASX media releases 
entitled “Po Valley  Upgrades Selva  Resources”  and “Po Valley Oil Resource Update” dated 26 April 
2019 together with a Competent Persons Report issued by CGG(UK) Services Ltd covering all Po Valley 
assets dated 24 April 2019. 

All estimates are based on independent evaluations in accordance with SPE/WPC/AAPG/SPEE 
Petroleum Resource Management System (2007/2011). 

74 

PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
TECHNICAL SUMMARY 

Table 4: Gas Reserves and Resources by Field at 31 December 2019 and 31 December 2018 (As Per CPR Dated 24 April 2019) 

Table 5: Oil Reserves and Resources by Field at 31 December 2019 and 31 December 2018 (As Per CPR Dated 24 April 2019) 

Qualified Petroleum Reserves and Resources Evaluator: 

Statements  in  this  Annual  Report  regarding  estimates  of  petroleum  Reserves  and  Contingent  and 
Prospective  Resources  are  based  on  the  technical  work  carried  out  by  Po  Valley  Technical  Team 
validated/certified by the geological and petroleum reservoir consultancy firm CGG (UK) Services Ltd. 

CGG (UK) Services Ltd has approved the Reserves statement as a whole and has consented to: (a) the 
inclusion  of  the  estimated  petroleum  Reserves  and  Contingent  and  Prospective  Resources  and 
supporting information in this Annual Report in the form and context in which they are presented; 
and (b) the inclusion of the Reserves statement in this Annual Report in the form and context in which 
it appears. 

The Company confirms that it is not aware of any new information or data that materially affects the 
information included in the original market announcement and, in the case of estimates of oil and gas 
reserves that all material assumptions and technical parameters underpinning the estimates in the 
relevant market announcement continue to apply and have not materially changed. 

75 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
PO VALLEY ENERGY LIMITED 
TECHNICAL SUMMARY 

The Reserves and Resources Statement is based on, and fairly represents, information and supporting 
documentation  prepared  by  or  under  the  supervision  of  Andrew  Webb,  Manager  of  Petroleum 
Reservoir and Economics of CGG Services (UK) Limited (“CGG”) Reference no. 8P512.  CGG compiled 
these estimates to  confirm  with  the  definitions or the Petroleum Resources Management Systems 
(2007 and 2011)  as  published  by  the  Society  of Petroleum Engineers (SPE).   These estimates  were 
prepared as part of a CPR dated 24 April 2019 which was lodged with the ASX on 26 April 2019.  Mr 
Webb is qualified in accordance with the requirements of ASX Listing Rule 5.41 and consents to the 
inclusion of the information in this report of the matters in the form and context in which it appears. 

RESERVES  are  those  quantities  of  hydrocarbon  anticipated  to  be  commercially  recoverable  by 
application of development projects to known accumulations from a given date forward under defined 
conditions. 

Proved  Reserves  are  those  quantities  of  hydrocarbon,  which,  by  analysis  of  geoscience  and 
engineering data, can be estimated with reasonable certainty to be commercially recoverable, from a 
given  date  forward,  from  known  reservoirs  and  under  defined  economic  conditions,  operating 
methods, and government regulations (1P). 

Probable Reserves are those additional reserves which analysis of geoscience and engineering data 
indicate are less likely to be recovered than proved reserves but more certain to be recovered than 
possible reserves. It is equally likely that actual remaining quantities recovered will be greater than or 
less than the sum of the estimated Proved plus Probable Reserves (2P). 

Possible Reserves are those additional reserves which analysis of geoscience and engineering data 
suggest  are  less  likely  to  be  recoverable  than  probable  reserves.  The  total  quantities  ultimately 
recovered from the project have a low probability to exceed the sum of proved plus probable plus 
possible (3P) Reserves, which is equivalent to the high estimate scenario. 

CONTINGENT RESOURCES are those quantities of hydrocarbon estimated, as of a given date, to be 
potentially recoverable from known accumulations, but the applied project(s) are not yet considered 
mature enough for commercial development due to one or more contingencies. 

PROSPECTIVE RESOURCES are those quantities of hydrocarbon that may potentially be recovered by 
the  application  of  a  future  development  project(s)  relate  to  undiscovered  accumulations.  These 
estimates have both an associated risk of discovery and a risk of development. Further exploration 
appraisal and evaluation is required to determine the existence of a significant quantity of potentially 
moveable hydrocarbons. 

For  Contingent  Resources,  the  general  cumulative  terms  low/best/high  estimates  are  denoted  as 
1C/2C/3C  respectively.  For  Prospective  Resources,  the  general  cumulative  terms  low/best/high 
estimates still apply. No specific terms are defined for incremental quantities within contingent and 
Prospective Resources.

76