Quarterlytics / Real Estate / REIT - Industrial / Public Storage

Public Storage

psa · NYSE Real Estate
Claim this profile
Ticker psa
Exchange NYSE
Sector Real Estate
Industry REIT - Industrial
Employees 5001-10,000
← All annual reports
FY2018 Annual Report · Public Storage
Sign in to download
Loading PDF…
Public Storage

2 0 1 8                        

a n n u a l 

r e P o r t

P

U

B

L

I

C

S

T

O

R

A

G

E

A

N

N

U

A

L

R

E

P

O

R

T

2

0

1

8

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
WA
96/3

OR
39 

NV
27

CA
429/44

HI
11

MN
54

WI
15

MI
44

CO
73

UT
8

AZ
45  

NE
4

KS
21

OK
22

MO
38

TX
304/21

LA
11

OH

IL

IN

126 36 49

KY
14

TN
34

AL
23

GA
110

MS
1

NH
2

NY
67

PA
29

VA
92/19
NC
90

SC
60

FL
287/3

UNITED
KINGDOM
31

MA
RI
CT

25
3
15

NJ
DE
MD

58
5
62/6

SWEDEN
36

DENMARK
10

NETHERLANDS
61
BELGIUM
21

GERMANY
17

P R O P E RT I E S  (as of December 31, 2018)

Number  
of Properties  

Net Rentable 
Square Feet

Number  
of Properties  

Net Rentable 
Square Feet

FRANCE
56

Public Storage
Alabama 
Arizona 
California 
Colorado 
Connecticut 
Delaware 
Florida 
Georgia 
Hawaii 
Illinois 
Indiana 
Kansas 
Kentucky 
Louisiana 
Maryland 
Massachusetts 
Michigan 
Minnesota 
Mississippi 
Missouri 
Nebraska 
Nevada 
New Hampshire 
New Jersey 
New York 
North Carolina 
Ohio 
Oklahoma 
Oregon 
Pennsylvania 
Rhode Island 
South Carolina 

23 
45 
429 
73 
15 
5 
287 
110 
11 
126 
36 
21 
14 
11 
62 
25 
44 
54 
1 
38 
4 
27 
2 
58 
67 
90 
49 
22 
39 
29 
3 
60 

935,000
2,975,000
29,514,000
5,001,000
966,000
324,000
 19,617,000
7,246,000
801,000
7,952,000
2,249,000
1,268,000
816,000
777,000
3,761,000
1,691,000
2,939,000
3,690,000
63,000
2,236,000
377,000
1,818,000
132,000
3,863,000
4,672,000
6,369,000
3,199,000
1,533,000
2,040,000
1,993,000
155,000
3,385,000

Public Storage (cont.)
Tennessee 
Texas 
Utah 
Virginia 
Washington 
Wisconsin 

34 
304 
8 
92 
96 
15 

1,955,000
21,987,000
517,000
5,674,000
6,589,000
968,000

2,429 

162,047,000

Shurgard Europe
Belgium 
Denmark 
France 
Germany 
Netherlands 
Sweden 
United Kingdom 

Self-storage totals 

21 
10 
56 
17 
61 
36 
31 

232 

2,661 

PS Business Parks, Inc.
California 
Florida 
Maryland 
Texas 
Virginia 
Washington 

44 
3 
6 
21 
19 
3 

96 

1,265,000
572,000
2,935,000
969,000
3,127,000
1,967,000
1,771,000

12,606,000

174,653,000

10,528,000
3,866,000
2,578,000
4,850,000
4,974,000
1,390,000

28,186,000

Grand Totals 

2,757 

202,839,000

 
  
 
  
  
  
  
SELECTED FINANCIAL HIGHLIGHTS

For the year ended December 31,

2018

2017

2016

2015

2014

(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data)

Revenue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,754,280

$ 2,668,528

$ 2,560,549

$ 2,381,696

$ 2,177,296

Expenses:

Cost of operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . .
General and administrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

739,722
483,646
118,720
32,542

707,978
454,526
82,882
12,690

669,083
433,314
83,656
4,210

635,502
426,008
88,177
610

613,324
437,114
71,459
6,781

Other increase (decrease) to net income:
Interest and other income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated real estate

entities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foreign currency exchange gain (loss) . . . . . . . . . . .
Casualty loss . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gain on sale of real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gain due to Shurgard Europe public offering . . . . .

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net income allocated to noncontrolling

1,374,630

1,258,076

1,190,263

1,150,297

1,128,678

26,442

18,771

15,138

16,544

17,638

103,495
18,117
—
37,903
151,616

75,655
(50,045)
(7,789)
1,421
—

56,756
17,570
—
689
—

50,937
306
—
18,503
—

88,267
(7,047)
—
2,479
—

1,717,223

1,448,465

1,460,439

1,317,689

1,149,955

equity interests

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

(6,192)

(6,248)

(6,863)

(6,445)

(5,751)

Net income allocable to Public Storage

shareholders

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,711,031

$ 1,442,217

$ 1,453,576

$ 1,311,244

$ 1,144,204

Per Common Share:
Distributions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Net income - Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Net income - Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Weighted average common shares - Basic . . . . . . . .
Weighted average common shares - Diluted . . . . . .

$
$
$

8.00
8.56
8.54
173,969
174,297

$
$
$

8.00
6.75
6.73
173,613
174,151

$
$
$

7.30
6.84
6.81
173,091
173,878

$
$
$

6.50
6.10
6.07
172,699
173,510

5.60
5.27
5.25
172,251
173,138

Balance Sheet Data:
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $10,928,270
Total debt . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 1,412,283
Total preferred equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 4,025,000
Public Storage shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 9,119,478
25,250
Permanent noncontrolling interests’ equity . . . . . . . $

$10,732,892
$ 1,431,322
$ 4,025,000
$ 8,940,009
24,360
$

$10,130,338
$
390,749
$ 4,367,500
$ 9,411,910
29,744
$

$ 9,778,232
$
319,016
$ 4,055,000
$ 9,170,641
26,997
$

$ 9,818,676
$
64,364
$ 4,325,000
$ 9,480,796
26,375
$

Net Cash Flow:
$ 1,603,542
Provided by operating activities
Used in investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (513,778) $ (739,854) $ (699,111) $ (456,135) $ (194,331)
Used in financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ (1,619,588) $ (992,219) $ (1,148,826) $(1,391,283) $(1,236,864)

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 2,061,503

$ 1,945,336

$ 1,975,679

$ 1,748,279

Fellow Shareholders,

We had another solid year of creating value at Public Storage and achieved record revenues and free
cash flow per share in 2018. We also accomplished a number of key initiatives and positioned the
company for continued value creation in 2019.

In 2002, I became CEO of Public Storage and soon thereafter John Reyes, our CFO, became my
“partner” in leading this wonderful organization and its outstanding people. Since then, we have been
fortunate to have created significant value for you, our fellow shareholders:

Public Storage’s Performance vs. the NAREIT and S&P 500 Indices

Core FFO
Per Share

Dividends
Per Share

PSA
Stock Price

NAREIT
Index

S&P 500
Index

2.82
2002 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
2.89
2003 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
3.11
2004 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
3.69
2005 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
4.17
2006 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
4.73
2007 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
5.16
2008 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
5.03
2009 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
5.22
2010 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
5.93
2011 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
6.68
2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
7.44
2013 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
8.09
2014 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
8.90
2015 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
9.79
2016 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 10.23
2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 10.56
CAGR1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
8.6%
274.5%
. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Overall Gain (2002-2018)

1. Compound annual growth rate excluding dividends.

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$

1.80
1.80
1.80
1.90
2.00
2.00
2.80
2.20
3.05
3.65
4.40
5.15
5.60
6.50
7.30
8.00
8.00
9.8%
344.4%

$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$
$

923.76
270.31
29.95
1,111.92
349.02
43.39
1,211.92
434.01
55.75
1,248.29
462.98
67.72
1,418.30
599.59
97.50
1,468.36
485.36
73.41
903.25
285.79
79.50
1,115.10
346.60
81.45
1,257.64
426.55
101.42
1,257.60
444.96
134.46
1,426.19
514.43
144.96
1,846.36
510.33
150.52
2,058.90
629.96
184.85
2,043.94
623.76
247.70
2,238.83
653.48
223.50
2,673.61
683.05
209.00
2,506.85
628.75
202.41
6.4%
5.4%
12.7%
575.8% 132.6% 171.4%

Business Results

We have four principal businesses: (i) U.S. self-storage, conducted under the Public Storage brand;
(ii) European self-storage, conducted under the Shurgard (SHUR) brand; (iii) commercial properties,
conducted under the PS Business Parks, Inc. (PSB) brand; and (iv) ancillary businesses, primarily
reinsurance of policies sold to our self-storage customers conducted under the “Orange Door” brand.
We don’t own 100% of either Shurgard or PSB, but hold a significant equity interest. Below are the
revenues and net operating income (“NOI”) for each business.

1

Revenues1
(Amounts in millions)

U.S. self-storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
European self-storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ancillary businesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2,598
250
427
194

$

2,512
241
414
192

$

2,406
232
399
188

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

3,469

$

3,359

$

3,225

2018

2017

2016

Net Operating Income1
(Amounts in millions)

2018

2017

2016

U.S. self-storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
European self-storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Ancillary businesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

1,902
150
298
145

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

2,495

Public Storage’s share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

2,229

$

$

$

1,855
144
287
137

2,423

2,173

$

$

$

1,788
135
274
133

2,330

2,093

The revenues of these businesses increased by about $110 million, to a record $3.5 billion, and their
NOI increased to a record $2.5 billion in 2018. Our share of their NOI was $2.2 billion. Our per
share earnings, Core FFO and free cash flow for the last three years were:

Earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Core FFO per share1
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Free cash flow per share1

$
8.54
$ 10.56
9.88
$

$
6.73
$ 10.23
9.60
$

$
$
$

6.81
9.79
9.39

2018

2017

2016

1. See accompanying schedule “Supplemental Non-GAAP Disclosures.”

Let’s review the results and accomplishments of each business.

Public Storage

We own and operate approximately 162 million square feet of space in over 2,400 Public Storage
branded properties, which is more than our next three largest competitors combined. Our name and
ubiquitous orange signage and doors give us tremendous brand recognition, especially on the internet
where most of our customers now shop. While we are in 38 states across America, most of our NOI is
generated in ten states (California, Texas, Florida, Illinois, Georgia, Washington, North Carolina,
Virginia, New York and Colorado), with California still by far the largest. In those states, we are in or
near major metropolitan centers, including Los Angeles, San Francisco/San Jose, Seattle, Dallas,
Houston, Miami, Orlando, Chicago and the New York City boroughs. Big cities generally have more
economic activity and potential customers in smaller living spaces with greater need for storage space.
In our business, scale is important not only for operating efficiency but also to cost-effectively market
on the internet and maximize the benefit of branding.

2

We measure our results in two ways:

First, the performance of our “same-store” pool (stores that have been owned and operated on a stabilized
level of occupancy, revenues and cost of operations for at least three years). The results reflect the organic
growth of our business on an “apples-to-apples” basis. We report our same-store results differently than our
public competitors. They generally include unstabilized properties (newer acquisitions and developments
that are generating revenue and/or NOI growth in excess of seasoned properties in the respective markets
simply due to occupancy and rental rate lease up) and include a significant portion of their property
operating expenses in general and administrative expense rather than in costs of operations. This enhances
their reported performance under two metrics frequently used by analysts: same-store NOI growth and
NAV (net asset value). We report the way we would want to be reported to if our roles were reversed.

Same-Store Properties
(Amounts in millions, except occupancy and REVPAF)

2018

2017

2016

Revenues
Costs of operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

2,243
580

Net operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

1,663

Average occupancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Year-end occupancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rent per available square foot (REVPAF)1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

93.2%
91.4%
16.35

$

$

$

2,209
561

1,648

93.8%
91.2%
16.09

$

$

$

2,145
544

1,601

94.6%
92.5%
15.60

1. Realized annual rent per available square foot is computed by dividing annualized rental income by total available rentable square footage.

What should be clear is that our same-store NOI growth again slowed in 2018 to 0.9%, from 2.9% in
2017 and 7.0% in 2016. Our results continued to be impacted by a high level of new supply. As
described in last year’s letter, new property development has made business sense since 2013 and my
guess is 2018 was a record year for new openings nationally. In 2019, we expect even more openings.
The amount of capital “chasing” self-storage is still significant.

Not all markets are the same. For example, since 2016, supply in Denver has increased 32% compared
with 3% in Los Angeles, our largest market. Markets with significant increases in supply (Denver,
Raleigh, Austin, Charlotte, Portland and Miami) are generating negative revenue growth.

As in prior cycles, development will continue until rent growth turns negative, NOI doesn’t meet
“pro-forma” and lenders stop lending. We started to see this in 2018. We expect 2019 may be the apex
of this development cycle.

Our operations group, led by Joe Russell and Steven Lentin, achieved several initiatives in 2018. First,
they completed the implementation of “Web Champ 2,” our new property operating system, which is
saving us several million dollars per year through shorter training times for new property managers and
reduced paper usage. They also completed a new website in January 2019 that over time should
provide us with a competitive advantage.

Our third-party property management business started from scratch in 2018 under the direction of
Pete Panos and had an excellent first year. We have signed contracts for more than 20 new properties
and have a growing pipeline of prospects.

3

John Sambuco, President of our asset management group, invested $139 million in existing properties
to enhance their safety and “rent ready” condition. This year, John, along with Robbie Williams and
Joe O’Toole, will roll out “Property of Tomorrow,” a comprehensive rebranding of our properties to
make them comparable to our new, state of the art fifth-generation development properties. We have
been working on “Property of Tomorrow” for several years and in 2018 completed extensive customer
surveys and pilot tests to determine the efficacy of the rebranding. This program will take at least five
years to complete and require an investment of over $500 million.

Second, earnings from the acquisition and development of new properties and the redevelopment of
existing stores (cleverly named “non-same stores”). Last year we added nearly four million square feet
of space to this group of properties and, as they continue to lease up, net operating income increased
to $239 million, up more than 15% from the prior year.

Non-Same Stores
(Amounts in millions, except occupancy and REVPAF)

2018

2017

2016

Revenues
Costs of operations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

Net operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

355
116

239

Net rentable square feet
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average occupancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
REVPAF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

30.9
82.3%
11.83

$

$

$

303
96

207

27.0
82.8%
12.01

$

$

$

261
75

186

22.2
86.9%
13.21

In 2019, this group of properties will continue to grow as we complete construction on newly
developed and redeveloped properties and acquire new properties. Our development team expects to
open about 40 properties or redevelopments in 2019 adding nearly five million square feet. A majority
of this will be redevelopment and expansion of our existing properties, which tend to be in submarkets
with higher barriers to new ground-up development. We already have nearly one million square feet of
acquisitions under contract in 2019.

Acquisition and Development

Our real estate investment team led by Tim Stanley, Phil Williams and Mike McGowan had another
solid year.

Acquisition and Development
(Amounts in millions, except number of properties)

2018

2017

2016

Number of
Properties Sq. Ft.
25
18
14

1.6 $
2.0
1.0

Costs
181.0
255.8
92.5

Number of
Properties Sq. Ft.
34
16
12

2.1 $
2.0
0.7

Costs
285.3
239.9
71.7

Number of
Properties Sq. Ft.
55
16
3

4.1 $
2.1
0.2

Costs
429.1
257.6
11.3

Acquisitions
Developments
Redevelopments

Total

57

4.6 $

529.3

62

4.8 $

596.9

74

6.4 $

698.0

4

As noted in prior letters, our development/redevelopment projects dilute short-term earnings, but are
expected to generate higher returns on the invested capital than if we were to acquire similar properties
in the open market (assuming such properties could be acquired).

The table below shows the return on invested capital for new ground-up development by year opened:

Year

2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018

Total

Investment
(000’s)

Sq. Ft. (000’s)

Occupancy
at 12/31/18

Annualized Yield

2018

2017

$

66,378
51,364
119,258
257,585
239,872
255,805

$

990,262

386
529
1,242
2,141
2,040
1,954

8,292

94.3%
91.5%
90.7%
78.0%
70.9%
42.6%

71.4%

10.8%
10.7%
9.2%
5.1%
1.3%
-0.5%

4.4%

9.5%
10.4%
8.0%
2.3%
-0.1%
na

4.4%

Our development program is expensive. Our team of about 60 professionals costs about $15 million per
year. A majority of these costs are capitalized as part of building costs and the balance is expensed. In
addition, we must fund the capital invested. Through 2018, we had invested nearly $990 million, which
earned about $39 million. Assuming a 5% cost of money and the $3 million of “expensed” development
group costs, our development program lost about $7 million in 2018. Since inception of this program in
2013, we have lost a cumulative $43 million. We estimate the market value of the properties developed
to be about $1.8 billion. This value creation does not show up in our reported earnings.

2018

(Amounts in millions)
2016

2015

2017

2014

Annual costs of development team . . . . . . . . . . . $
Amounts capitalized . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net amount expensed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

15.4
(12.2)
3.2

$

$

15.5
(9.4)
6.1

$

15.1
(8.5)
6.6

15.2
(8.1)
7.1

$

10.9
(5.0)
5.9

Our “development team” has more utilitarian value than just building new properties. In 2017, Hurricane
Harvey destroyed seven Houston properties. By the end of 2018, three of them had been scraped and
replaced with new fifth-generation development facilities. The other four will open in the first quarter of
2019.

Commercial Properties

Our commercial properties business consists of a 42% equity interest in PSB and direct ownership of one
million square feet, which is managed by PSB. Unlike Public Storage and Shurgard, PSB does not have a
commanding market share, leading brand or significant scale in any market. Instead, it has a niche, focusing
on small to mid-size businesses. The key to shareholder returns in this business are: (i) bargain purchases
(acquiring properties well below replacement cost), (ii) minimizing capital costs, broker commissions and
tenant improvements and (iii) nimble property management (keeping buildings full). This business is more
economically sensitive than self-storage. If done correctly, this business can produce reasonable returns on
invested capital. Maria Hawthorne, PSB’s CEO, and her team once again achieved solid results in 2018
with same-park revenue and NOI increasing 2.0% and 2.6%, respectively.

5

Net Operating Income
(Amounts in millions)

2018

2017

2016

PSB’s same-park operations
PSB’s acquired/developed properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Public Storage’s owned commercial properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

Public Storage’s share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

277
12
9

298

131

Total assets (before depreciation reserves) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

3,257

$

$

$

$

269
11
7

287

126

3,125

$

$

$

$

255
11
8

274

120

3,086

During 2018, Maria and her team continued to work on redevelopment of the 45-acre Tyson’s Corner
site, converting office space into high-density apartments. They also initiated several other
redevelopment initiatives. Redeveloping a property is not quick, generally requiring rezoning, public
hearings and extensive “give and take” with local planning officials. We are fortunate to have several well
located commercial properties that local planners will be pleased to have redeveloped into apartments.

In 2019, we expect PSB to consider selling any office properties that don’t lend themselves to
redevelopment into apartments.

Ancillary Businesses

We have four ancillary businesses: (i) merchandise (locks and boxes sold to self-storage customers); (ii)
customer reinsurance (reinsurance of policies sold to our self-storage customers by a third-party
insurance company); (iii) third-party property management (fees received for managing other owners’
properties); and (iv) European ancillary businesses (Shurgard’s sales of merchandise and insurance
commissions) that complement the self-storage business. Each generates respectable revenue and cash
flow with no significant capital investment.

While modest in relative size, each ancillary business meaningfully contributes to Public Storage’s overall
profitability. By far, the largest of these businesses is customer reinsurance, managed by Capri Haga.
This business had another solid year as revenues and NOI increased by 2.2% and 8.3%, respectively.

Net Operating Income

(Amounts in millions)

Customer reinsurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
European ancillary businesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Merchandise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Third-party management . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Public Storage’s share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total assets

. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

2018

2017

2016

$

$

$

$

100
30
13
2

145

128

10

$

$

$

$

92
28
14
3

137

122

10

$

$

$

$

90
27
14
2

133

119

10

6

As noted above, we plan to significantly expand our third-party management business under the
leadership of Pete Panos. This will lead to additional sales of our customer reinsurance and Public
Storage merchandise products. However, we don’t expect significant NOI from this business in the
near term as we take an aggressive approach to pricing and continue making investments to establish
the business.

European Self-Storage

Our European self-storage business operates under the “Shurgard” brand. Like Public Storage in the
U.S., it is the leading owner and operator of self-storage in Western Europe. Self-storage is a much
smaller business there with less than 2,000 properties. Shurgard is a leading operator of self-storage in
many of its markets.

Net Operating Income

(Amounts in millions, except occupancy and REVPAF)

2018

2017

2016

Same-store . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Acquired/developed properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

Public Storage’s share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

121
29

150

68

Total assets (before depreciation reserves) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Same-store:
Average occupancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
REVPAF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

1,902

89.2%
20.73

$

$

$

$

$

119
25

144

70

1,734

89.8%
20.51

$

$

$

$

$

115
20

135

66

1,677

90.2%
20.18

Shurgard had a big year in 2018. While organic growth slowed, the company acquired nine properties,
opened two newly developed properties and executed a nearly $670 million IPO, with net proceeds to
it of approximately $640 million. Shurgard, under the direction of its most capable CEO, Marc
Oursin, was able to price the transaction for what I estimate as fair value just before capital markets
closed in the fourth quarter. Shurgard, the only pan-European self-storage company, is larger than its
European public competitors and would be the fourth largest public self-storage company in the U.S.

We had been planning for Shurgard’s IPO since we acquired the company in 2006. Operating in Europe
is different from the U.S., not only from a language and law perspective, but also from currency
(Shurgard’s revenues are denominated in four currencies), financing and taxation perspectives (there is
no pan-European REIT tax structure). Accordingly, we wanted to establish Shurgard as a separate entity
with its own management team and multiple sources of capital. Post IPO, Shurgard, like PS Business
Parks, operates as a public company with an independent Board of Directors and a strong, significant,
supporting and engaged shareholder in Public Storage.

At year-end, with more than $285 million of cash and only $690 million of term debt, Shurgard is
well positioned to expand significantly in the coming years through both acquisition and development.

7

Shurgard

Let’s take a look back in time to understand the shareholder value created from our acquisition of
Shurgard and what we own today and can expect going forward.

In 2006, we acquired Shurgard Storage Centers for $5.5 billion in the only all stock, taxable
transaction ever done. Shurgard, our second largest U.S. competitor, owned 100% of what was then
called Shurgard Europe, the largest self-storage company operating in Western Europe. At the time of
the acquisition, we knew and understood Shurgard’s U.S. operations, but we had no experience with
European self-storage.

The same-store portfolios of each company had the following metrics in 2005, the year we initiated
our offer for Shurgard Storage Centers:

Rent per occupied square foot . . . . . . . . . . .
Occupancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Gross operating margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

$

11.62
91%
67.0%

$

12.13
86%
59.5%

$

22.19
78%
44.2%

Public Storage

Shurgard U.S.

Shurgard Europe

While we recognized the significant potential upside in both Shurgard portfolios, we did not pay for
this upside as the merger was immediately cash flow accretive to Public Storage’s shareholders.

Within a year, we increased Shurgard Europe’s operating margins to 60% and occupancies to 90%,
enabling us, in March 2008, to sell a 51% equity interest to the New York State Common Retirement
Fund (CRF) for $613 million. This was more than the $550 million value we had attributed to
Shurgard Europe in the 2006 acquisition. The transaction included an annual license fee payable by
Shurgard to us for use of the brand name equal to 1% of all Shurgard’s revenues and us retaining
ownership in a London property.

Fast forward to 2018. This “joint venture” is now ten years old. Shurgard’s wholly owned portfolio has
grown from 104 to 232 properties through acquisition and development, and it now has top market
share in four (Germany, France, Sweden and Belgium) of the seven nations in which it operates. Early
in 2018, we recognized that European capital markets were strong and valuations robust. Given the
tremendous growth opportunities in Europe and the management team’s demonstrated ability to
acquire, develop and operate self-storage properties, we concluded it was the right time for an IPO.
The management team worked very hard during the year, as did our three underwriters, J.P. Morgan,
Société Générale and BNP Paribas, to position Shurgard for an IPO. The company went public on
October 15th at an equity value of $2.4 billion, double its 2008 value of $1.2 billion. The true value
increase at Shurgard has actually been much better, as during this ten-year period the Dollar/Euro
exchange rate declined from $1.58 to $1.15, or 27%.

Post IPO, we own approximately 35% of Shurgard and will receive dividends of $34 million and a
license fee of $3 million annually for the brand name, both of which we expect to grow. Like PS
Business Parks, we will continue to leverage our financial strength and industry knowledge to promote
Shurgard’s ongoing success.

8

A Great Business

It is sometimes hard to grasp the economic attributes of a business from the company’s GAAP
(Generally Accepted Accounting Principles) reporting. The many moving parts, including acquisitions,
new developments and financings, make it hard to understand the long-term trends and economics of
a single property. Why is this important? The company is really just an aggregation of our more than
2,400 properties.

In 1978, Public Storage developed a property at a cost of $880,000. Since it opened, I estimate it has
generated about $17.5 million of cash, which is net of about $400,000 of maintenance capital
expenditures. In 2018, cash flow was just over $950,000. The property is less than 40,000 square feet
and would be considered a “C” location in an “A” market.

While we have many properties that have performed both better and worse, the takeaway is that self-
storage is a business that can generate excellent returns on invested capital with a growing stream of
free cash flow.

In 1972, we stumbled into this business and created the “Public Storage” brand. While we didn’t fully
appreciate the economic consequences of what we were doing, it is now clear that we have a great
business.

Historical Perspective and Outlook

It has been an honor to be CEO of Public Storage and to have worked at such an outstanding
organization for 32 years. This year, 2019, I am stepping down as CEO along with our longtime
CFO, John Reyes, my “partner.” John has joined me on the Board of Directors, where I remain
Chairman. I will also remain Chairman of our two affiliated companies, PS Business Parks and
Shurgard, in which Public Storage has significant equity investments (over $1 billion each).

Our CEO and CFO succession process commenced in 2014 when John and I decided, independently,
that we wanted to step away from the day-to-day responsibilities of managing Public Storage. While it
took longer than either of us anticipated, we were fortunate to identify and hire Joe Russell and Tom
Boyle in 2016. The transition process to Joe as CEO and Tom as CFO began soon thereafter. We are
confident in Joe and Tom. They have garnered the trust and respect of the Public Storage team.

Over the past few years, a number of outstanding individuals who contributed to the success of Public
Storage for many years also decided to move on to the next phase in their lives. This includes David
Doll, President of Real Estate, Candace Krol, Chief Human Resources Officer, Shawn Weidman,
COO, and Brent Peterson, CIO.

Our dedicated focus on succession planning enabled us to both promote from within and hire new
talent. This includes the promotion of Maria Hawthorne to CEO of PS Business Parks, Natalia
Johnson to Chief Human Resources Officer, Steven Lentin to COO, Mark Delcher to CIO, Tim
Stanley to SVP of Real Estate Development and Phil Williams to SVP of Construction. While re-
enforcing our culture and values, these individuals bring fresh ideas and energy to the organization.

9

Going forward, our hiring, training and developing of outstanding people, our acquiring, developing
and operating the best product in the industry, our protecting and enhancing the best brand in the
industry, and our maintaining a “fortress” of financial strength will not change. John and I look
forward to our new roles and helping Joe and Tom and the other management teams succeed.

Let’s review our performance since I became CEO on November 7, 2002.

(Amounts in millions, except margins, occupancy, share and per share figures or otherwise indicated)

Same-Store Property Data1

Revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Net operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Gross operating margin . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Net rentable square feet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Average occupancy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Rent per occupied square foot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
REVPAF . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

Balance Sheet Data1

Debt and preferred outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Weighted average rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
EBITDA to fixed charge (debt and preferred) ratio . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total common shares outstanding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Enterprise value on 11/7/02 and 12/31/18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $

Other Information1

2002

645
438
67.9%
67.0
85.2%
10.92
9.30

2002

2,433
8.4%
3.0x
124.0
6,146

$
$

$
$

$

$

2018

Gain

2,243
1,663
74.2%
131.2
93.2%
17.54
16.35

248%
280%
9%
96%
9%
61%
76%

2018

Gain

5,437
4.6%
9.1x
174.1
40,683

123%
(45%)
203%
40%
562%

2002

2018

Gain

Stock price on 11/7/02 and 12/31/18 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Common stock dividend per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Core funds from operations to common shareholders . . . . . . . . . . $
Revenues - all businesses
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Net operating income - all businesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $
Net rentable square feet - all businesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Number of customers (actual) - all businesses
Number of employees (actual) - all businesses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

29.95
1.80
351
1,031
683
99
665,000
4,630

$
$
$
$
$

202.41
8.00
1,841
3,469
2,495
203
1,548,000
6,485

576%
344%
425%
236%
265%
105%
133%
40%

1. See accompanying schedule “Supplemental Non-GAAP Disclosures.”

Over our tenure, Public Storage shareholders have enjoyed a 16.4% compounded annual total return,
as contrasted to the S&P 500 of 8.6% and the NAREIT Index of 10.1%.

10

To put this in perspective, $100 invested in Public Storage would have grown to $1,136 with
dividends reinvested, compared to $374 in the S&P 500 and $466 in the NAREIT Index. This was
achieved by improving operating efficiency and returns on capital, while reducing the costs of capital
and lowering leverage (EBITDA to fixed charges went from 3.0x to 9.1x). While square footage
doubled, employee headcount and shares outstanding increased by 40%.

It is not fair to discuss the accomplishments without some discussion of the mistakes. Our biggest
mistake over the last 16 years was that of omission. We failed to act decisively in 2009 and 2010 to
utilize our financial strength when several of our competitors were “on the ropes” and could have been
acquired at large discounts to intrinsic value. This resulted in our missing several billion dollars of
value creation opportunities.

Conclusion

Public Storage and its affiliated companies, Shurgard and PS Business Parks, enter 2019 with:

(cid:129)

(cid:129)

Fortress balance sheets, significant liquidity and excellent credit ratings

Proven business models that generate good returns on invested capital

(cid:129) Well-located properties in many of the best markets with leading market shares

(cid:129)

Seasoned management teams with significant industry experience, high integrity and
character and a commitment to a unique culture

Our organization is well-positioned to create shareholder value in the next decade with multiple
platforms, tremendous financial strength and exceptional leadership.

Ronald L. Havner, Jr.
Chairman of the Board
February 28, 2019

11

CUMULATIVE TOTAL RETURN

Public Storage, S&P 500 Index and NAREIT Equity Index
December 31, 2013 - December 31, 2018

$200

$175

$150

$125

$100

Public Storage 
S&P 500 Index
NAREIT Equity Index

12/31/13

12/31/14

12/31/15

12/31/16

12/31/17

12/31/18

12/31/13

12/31/14

12/31/15

12/31/16

12/31/17

12/31/18

Public Storage . . . . . . . . . . . . . $100.00
S&P 500 Index . . . . . . . . . . . . $100.00
NAREIT Equity Index . . . . . . $100.00

$126.84
$113.69
$128.03

$175.46
$115.26
$131.64

$163.35
$129.05
$143.00

$158.63
$157.22
$155.41

$159.63
$150.33
$149.12

The graph set forth above compares the yearly change in the Company’s cumulative total shareholder
return on its Common Shares for the five-year period ended December 31, 2018 to the cumulative
total return of the Standard & Poor’s 500 Stock Index (“S&P 500 Index”) and the National
Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts Equity Index (“NAREIT Equity Index”) for the same
period (total shareholder return equals price appreciation plus dividends). The stock price performance
graph assumes that the value of the investment in the Company’s Common Shares and each index was
$100 on December 31, 2013 and that all dividends were reinvested. The share price performance
shown in the graph is not necessarily indicative of future price performance.

Supplemental Non-GAAP Disclosures (unaudited)
Core funds from operations per share (“Core FFO”) represents diluted net income per share (“EPS”) before the impact
of i) depreciation expense and disposition gains or losses and ii) foreign currency gains and losses, the application of
EITF D-42, and certain other items. Free cash flow per share (“Free Cash Flow”) represents Core FFO, less per share
capital expenditures and non-cash stock based compensation and other expense. Core FFO and Free Cash Flow are not
substitutes for EPS and may not be comparable with other REITs due to calculation differences; however, we believe
they are helpful measures for investors and REIT analysts to understand our performance. Net Operating Income
(“NOI”) represents revenues less pre-depreciation cost of operations earned directly at our properties, and we believe is a
useful performance measure that we and the investment community use to evaluate performance and real estate values.
Each of these non-GAAP measures exclude the impact of depreciation, which is based upon historical cost and assumes
the value of buildings diminish ratably over time, while we believe that real estate values fluctuate due to market
conditions. We also present supplemental measures of our revenues and NOI including PSB and Shurgard Europe as if
we owned them, to provide a measure of the performance of all the businesses we have a significant interest in. However,
the inclusion of
these entities in these supplemental measures does not substitute for “equity in earnings of
unconsolidated real estate entities” on our income statement.

Reconciliation of Core FFO and Free Cash Flow per Share

EPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Eliminate noncore items (including our equity share):

Depreciation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Real estate gain and Shurgard IPO gain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Foreign currency, EITF D-42, and other noncore items . . . . . . . . . . .
Core FFO per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Deduct capital expenditures and adjust non-cash comp/other . . . . . . . . .
Free Cash Flow per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

For the year ended December 31,

2018

$

8.54

3.21
(1.30)
0.11
$ 10.56
(0.68)
9.88

$

2017

$

6.73

3.00
(0.03)
0.53
$ 10.23
(0.63)
9.60

$

2016

$

6.81

2.90
(0.01)
0.09
9.79
(0.40)
9.39

$

$

Reconciliation of Revenues including PSB and Shurgard Europe
(Amounts in millions)

Consolidated revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Commercial and property management included in interest

and other income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
PSB’s revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Shurgard Europe’s revenues . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Revenues as if we owned PSB and Shurgard Europe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

Reconciliation of NOI
(Amounts in millions)

Net income on our income statement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Eliminate: Depreciation, G&A, interest expense, interest and other
income, equity in earnings, currency exchange and casualty gains
(losses), and gains on real estate sales and Shurgard IPO . . . . . . . .
Add - PSB and Shurgard Europe NOI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Add back - Commercial and property management included in

interest and other income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Total net operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . .
Less - NOI of Shurgard Europe and PSB allocable to others
Public Storage’s share of NOI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .

For the year ended December 31,

2018
$ 2,754

16
414
285
$ 3,469

2017
$ 2,669

15
402
273
$ 3,359

2016
$ 2,561

15
387
262
$ 3,225

For the year ended December 31,

2018
$ 1,717

2017
$ 1,448

2016
$ 1,460

297
469

12
2,495
(266)
$ 2,229

512
452

11
2,423
(250)
$ 2,173

431
428

11
2,330
(237)
$ 2,093

UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 

WASHINGTON, D.C.  20549 

[X]  Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 

FORM 10-K  

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018. 

or 

[  ]  Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 

For the transition period from                   to                  . 

Commission File Number:  001-33519 

PUBLIC STORAGE 
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) 

Maryland 
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 

95-3551121 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) 

701 Western Avenue, Glendale, California  91201-2349 

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)  

(818) 244-8080 

(Registrant's telephone number, including area code) 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of each class 

Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 5.625% Cumulative Preferred Share, Series 

U $.01 par value 

Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 5.375% Cumulative Preferred Share, Series 

V $.01 par value 

Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 5.200% Cumulative Preferred Share, Series 

W $.01 par value 

Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 5.200% Cumulative Preferred Share, Series 

X $.01 par value 

Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 6.375% Cumulative Preferred Share, Series 

Y $.01 par value 

Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 6.000% Cumulative Preferred Share, Series 

Z $.01 par value 

Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 5.875% Cumulative Preferred Share, Series 

A $.01 par value 

Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 5.400% Cumulative Preferred Share, Series 

B $.01 par value 

1 

Name of each exchange 
on which registered 

New York Stock Exchange 

New York Stock Exchange 

New York Stock Exchange 

New York Stock Exchange 

New York Stock Exchange 

New York Stock Exchange 

New York Stock Exchange 

New York Stock Exchange 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 5.125% Cumulative Preferred Share, Series 

C $.01 par value 

Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 4.950% Cumulative Preferred Share, Series 

D $.01 par value 

Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 4.900% Cumulative Preferred Share, Series 

E $.01 par value 

Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 5.150% Cumulative Preferred Share, Series 

F $.01 par value 

Depositary Shares Each Representing 1/1,000 of a 5.050% Cumulative Preferred Share, Series 

G $.01 par value 

Common Shares, $.10 par value 

New York Stock Exchange 

New York Stock Exchange 

New York Stock Exchange 

New York Stock Exchange 

New York Stock Exchange 

New York Stock Exchange 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None (Title of class) 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  

Yes [X] 

No [   ] 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the 
Exchange Act. 

Yes [   ] 

No [X] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of 
the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was 
required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  

Yes [X] 

No [   ] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be 
submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for 
such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). 

Yes [X] 

No [   ] 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers  pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405) is not 
contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information 
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  [   ] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, 
a  smaller  reporting  company,  or  an  emerging  growth  company.    See  the  definitions  of  “large  accelerated  filer,” 
“accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange 
Act. 

Large accelerated 
 filer 
[X] 

Accelerated 
 filer 
[   ] 

Non-accelerated 
 filer 
[   ] 

Smaller reporting 
company 
[   ] 

Emerging growth 
company 
[   ] 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition 
period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of 
the Exchange Act. [   ] 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).   

Yes [   ] 

No [X] 

The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common shares held by non-affiliates of the Registrant as 
of June 30, 2018:  

Common Shares, $0.10 Par Value Per Share – $33,830,475,000 (computed on the basis of $226.86 per share, which 
was the reported closing sale price of the Company's Common Shares on the New York Stock Exchange (the “NYSE”) 
on June 30, 2018). 

As of February 25, 2019, there were 174,498,758 outstanding Common Shares, $.10 par value per share. 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE 

Portions of the definitive proxy statement to be filed in connection with the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be 
held in 2019 are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K to the extent described 
therein. 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1. 

Business 

Forward Looking Statements 

PART I 

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private 
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  All statements in this document, other than statements of historical fact, 
are 
the  words 
"expects,"  "believes,"  "anticipates," "should," "estimates" and similar expressions.   

statements  which  may 

forward-looking 

identified 

use 

the 

by 

be 

of 

These forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties, which may cause our 
actual  results  and  performance  to  be  materially  different  from  those  expressed  or  implied  in  the  forward -looking 
statements.  Factors and risks that may impact future results and performance include, but are not limited to, those 
described in Part 1, Item 1A, "Risk Factors" and in our other filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission 
(the “SEC”) including: 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

general  risks  associated  with  the  ownership  and  operation  of  real  estate,  including  changes  in 
demand, risk related to development of self-storage facilities, potential liability for environmental 
contamination, natural disasters and adverse changes in laws and regulations governing property 
tax, real estate and zoning;  

risks associated  with downturns in the national and local economies in the  markets in  which  we 
operate,  including  risks  related  to  current  economic  conditions  and  the  economic  health  of  our 
customers;  

the impact of competition from new and  existing self-storage and commercial facilities and other 
storage alternatives;  

difficulties in our ability to successfully evaluate, finance, integrate into our existing operations, and 
manage acquired and developed properties; 

risks  associated  with  international  operations  including,  but  not  limited  to,  unfavorable  foreign 
currency rate fluctuations, changes in tax laws, and local and global economic uncertainty that could 
adversely affect our earnings and cash flows;  

risks related to our participation in joint ventures; 

the impact of the regulatory environment as well as national, state and local laws and regulations 
including, without limitation, those governing environmental, taxes, our tenant reinsurance business 
and labor, and risks related to the impact of new laws and regulations; 

risks of increased tax expense associated either  with a possible failure by  us to qualify  as a real 
estate investment trust (“REIT”), or with challenges to the determination of taxable income for our 
taxable REIT subsidiaries; 

risks due to a potential November 2020 statewide ballot initiative (or other equivalent actions) that 
could remove the protections of Proposition 13 with respect to our real estate and result in substantial 
increases in our assessed values and property tax bills in California; 

changes in United States (“U.S.”) federal or state tax laws related to the taxation of REITs and other 
corporations; 

4 

 
 
 
 
(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

(cid:120) 

security breaches or a failure of our networks, systems or technology could adversely impact our 
business, customer and employee relationships; 

risks associated with the self-insurance of certain business risks, including property and casualty 
insurance, employee health insurance and workers compensation liabilities;  

difficulties in raising capital at a reasonable cost;  

delays and cost overruns on our development projects; 

ongoing litigation and other legal and regulatory actions which may divert management’s time and 
attention, require us to pay damages and expenses or restrict the operation of our business; and 

(cid:120) 

economic uncertainty due to the impact of war or terrorism. 

These forward looking statements speak only as of the date of this report or as of the dates indicated in the 
statements.  All of our forward-looking statements, including those in this report, are qualified in their entirety by this 
statement.    We  expressly  disclaim  any  obligation  to  update  publicly  or  otherwise  revise  any  forward -looking 
statements, whether as a result of new information, new estimates, or other factors, events or circumsta nces after the 
date of these forward looking statements, except when expressly required by law.  Given these risks and uncertainties, 
you should not rely on any forward-looking statements in this report, or which management may make orally or in 
writing from time to time, neither as predictions of future events nor guarantees of future performance.  

General 

Public Storage (referred to herein as “the Company”, “we”, “us”, or “our”), a Maryland REIT, was organized 

in 1980. 

At December 31, 2018, our principal business activities were as follows: 

(i)  Self-storage Operations:  We acquire, develop, own and operate self-storage facilities, which offer 
storage  spaces  for  lease  on  a  month-to-month  basis,  for  personal  and  business  use.    We  are  the 
largest owner and operator of self-storage facilities in the U.S.  We have direct and indirect equity 
interests in 2,429 self-storage facilities that we consolidate (an aggregate of 162 million net rentable 
square feet of space) located in 38 states within the U.S. operating under the “Public Storage” brand 
name.   

(ii)  Ancillary Operations:  We reinsure policies against losses to goods stored by customers in our self-
storage  facilities  and  sell  merchandise,  primarily  locks  and  cardboard  boxes,  at  our  self-storage 
facilities. 

(iii) Investment  in  PS  Business  Parks:    We  have  a  42%  equity  interest  in  PS  Business  Parks,  Inc. 
(“PSB”), a publicly held REIT that owns, operates, acquires and develops commercial properties, 
primarily  multi-tenant  flex,  office,  and  industrial  parks.    At  December  31,  2018, PSB  owns  and 
operates 28.2 million rentable square feet of commercial space.  

(iv) Investment  in  Shurgard  Europe:    We  have  a  35%  equity  interest  in  Shurgard  Self  Storage  SA 
(“Shurgard Europe”), a publicly held company trading under Euronext Brussels under the “SHUR” 
symbol, which owns 232 self-storage facilities (13 million net rentable square feet) located in seven 
countries  in  Western  Europe  operated  under  the  “Shurgard”  brand  name.    We  believe  Shurgard 
Europe is the largest owner and operator of self-storage facilities in Western Europe.   

We  also  manage  33  self-storage  facilities  for  third  parties.    We  are  seeking  to  expand  our  third-party 
management  operations  to  further  increase  our  economies  of  scale  and  leverage  our  brand;  however,  there  is  no 

5 

 
 
assurance that we will be able to do so.  We also own 0.8 million net rentable square feet of commercial space which 
is managed primarily by PSB.  

For all periods presented herein, we have elected to be treated as a REIT, as defined in the Internal Revenue 
Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).  As a REIT, we do not incur U.S. federal income tax if we distribute 100% 
of our “REIT taxable income” (generally, net rents and gains from real property, dividends, and interest) each year 
(for  this  purpose,  certain  distributions  paid  in  a  subsequent  year  may  be  considered),  and  if  we  meet  certain 
organizational and operational rules.  We believe we met these requirements  in all periods presented herein and we 
expect to continue to elect and qualify as a REIT.     

We  report  annually  to  the  SEC  on  Form  10-K,  which  includes  financial  statements  certified  by  our 
independent  registered  public  accountants.    We  also  report  quarterly  to  the  SEC  on  Form  10-Q,  which  includes 
unaudited financial statements.  We expect to continue such reporting.  

On  our  website,  www.publicstorage.com,  we  make  available,  free  of  charge,  our  Annual  Reports  on 
Form 10- K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports as 
soon as reasonably practicable after the reports and amendments are electronically filed with or furnished to the SEC.   
The information contained on our website is not a part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K. 

Competition 

We believe that our customers generally store their goods within a three to five mile radius of their home or 
business.  Our facilities compete with nearby self-storage facilities owned by other operators using marketing channels 
similar to ours, including Internet advertising, signage, and banners and offer services similar to ours.  As a result, 
competition is significant and affects the occupancy levels, rental rates, rental income and operating expenses of our 
facilities.   

In the last three years, there has been a marked increase in development of new self-storage facilities in many 
of the markets we operate in, due to the favorable economics of development which we have also taken advantage of.  
These newly developed facilities compete with many of the facilities we own, negatively impacting our occupancies, 
rental rates, and rental growth.  This increase in supply has been most notable in Atlanta, Austin, Charlotte, Chicago, 
Dallas, Denver, Houston, New York, and Portland.  

Ownership and operation of self-storage facilities is highly fragmented.  As the largest owner of self-storage 
facilities, we believe that we own approximately 7% of the self-storage square footage in the U.S. and that collectively 
the five largest self-storage owners in the U.S. own approximately 15%, with the remaining 85% owned by numerous 
regional and local operators.   

We  generally  own  facilities  in  major  markets.    We  believe  that  we  have  significant  market  share  and 
concentration in major metropolitan centers, with approximately  71% of our 2018 same-store revenues generated in 
the  20 Metropolitan  Statistical  Areas  (each,  an  “MSA”,  as  defined  by  the  U.S.  Census  Bureau)  with  the  highest 
population levels.  We believe this is a competitive advantage relative to other self-storage operators, which do not 
have our geographic concentration and market share in the major MSAs.   

Industry  fragmentation  also  provides  opportunities  for  us  to  acquire  additional  facilities;  however,  we 
compete  with  a  wide  variety  of  institutions  and  other  investors  who  also  view  self-storage  facilities  as  attractive 
investments.    The  amount  of  capital  available  for  real  estate  investments  greatly  influences  the  competition  for 
ownership interests in facilities and, by extension, the yields that we can achieve on newly acquired investments.    

Business Attributes 

We believe that we possess several primary business attributes that permit us to compete effectively: 

6 

 
 
Centralized information networks:  Our centralized reporting and information network enables us to identify 
changing market conditions and operating trends as well as analyze customer data and quickly change each of our 
individual properties’ pricing and promotions on an automated basis.   

Convenient shopping experience:  Customers can conveniently shop for available storage space, reviewing 
attributes such as facility location, size, amenities such as climate-control, as well as pricing, through the following 
marketing channels:   

(cid:120)  Our Desktop and Mobile Websites:  The online marketing channel is a key source of customers.  
Approximately  73% of our move-ins in 2018 were sourced through our websites and we believe 
that many of our other customers who reserved directly through our call center or arrived at a facility 
and moved in without a reservation, have reviewed our pricing and availability online through our 
websites.    We  invest  extensively  in  advertising  on  the  Internet  to  attract  potential  customers, 
primarily through the use of search engines, and we regularly update our websites to enhance their 
productivity.    

(cid:120)  Our Call Center:  Our call center is staffed by skilled sales specialists.  Customers primarily reach 
our call center by calling our advertised toll-free telephone numbers provided on search engines or 
our website.  We believe giving customers the option to interact with a call center agent, despite the 
higher marginal cost relative to  a reservation made on our website, enhances our ability to close 
sales with potential customers.   

(cid:120)  Our Properties:  Customers can also shop at any one of our facilities.  Property managers access 
the same information that is available on our website and to our call center agents, and can inform 
the customer of available space at that site or our other nearby storage facilities.  Property managers 
are trained to maximize the conversion of such “walk in” shoppers into customers.   

Managerial  economies  of  scale:  The  size  and  scope  of  our  operations  have  enabled  us  to  achieve  high 
operating  margins  and  a  low  level  of  administrative  costs  relative  to  revenues  through  the  centralization  of  many 
functions, such as facility maintenance, employee compensation and benefits programs, revenue management, as well 
as the development and documentation of standardized operating procedures.  We also believe that our major market 
concentration  provides  managerial  efficiencies  stemming  from  having  a  large  percentage  of  our  facilities  in  close 
proximity to each other.   

Marketing economies of scale: Our major-market concentration relative to the fragmented ownership and 
operation of the rest of the industry, combined with our well-recognized brand name, improves our prominence in 
unpaid online search results for self-storage and reduces our average cost per “click” for multiple-keyword advertising.  
The large number of facilities we have in major metropolitan centers enables us to efficiently use television advertising 
from time to time.  Our competitors generally do not use television advertising because they lack the scale in major 
metropolitan centers.   

Brand  name  recognition:  We  believe  that  the  “Public  Storage”  brand  name  is  the  most  recognized  and 
established name in the self-storage industry, due to our national reach in major markets in 38 states, our highly visible 
facilities, and our facilities’ distinct orange colored doors and signage.  We believe the “Public Storage” name is one 
of the most frequently used search terms used by customers using Internet search engines for self-storage.  We believe 
that the “Shurgard” brand, used by Shurgard Europe, is a well-established and valuable brand in Europe.  We believe 
that  the  awareness  of  our  brand  name  results  in  a  high  percentage  of  potential  storage  custo mers  considering  our 
facilities relative to other operators.   

Growth and Investment Strategies 

Our  growth  strategies  consist  of:  (i)  improving  the  operating  performance  of  our  existing  self-storage 
facilities, (ii) acquiring more facilities, (iii) developing new  facilities and adding more self-storage space to existing 
facilities,  (iv)  participating  in  the  growth  of  our  investment  in  PSB,  and  (v)  participating  in  the  growth  of  our 

7 

 
 
investment in Shurgard Europe.  While our long-term strategy includes each of these elements, in the short run  the 
level of growth in our asset base in any period is dependent upon the cost and availability of capital, as well a s the 
relative attractiveness of available investment alternatives.   

Improve  the  operating  performance  of  existing  facilities:  We  seek  to  increase  the  net  cash  flow  of  our 
existing self-storage facilities by (i) regularly analyzing our call volume, reservation activity, Internet activity, move-
in/move-out rates and other market supply and demand factors and responding by adjusting our  Internet marketing 
spending  and  intensity,  our  promotional  and  other  discounts,  and  the  rental  rates  we  charge  to  new  and  existing 
customers, (ii) attempting to maximize revenues through evaluating the appropriate balance between occupancy, rental 
rates, and promotional discounting and (iii) controlling operating costs.  We believe that our property management 
personnel, information technology, our convenient shopping options for the customer,  our economies of scale, and 
our Internet marketing and advertising programs will continue to enhance our ability to meet these goals.   

Acquire  properties  owned  by  others  in  the  U.S.:  We  seek  to  capitalize  on  the  fragmentation  of  the  self-
storage business through acquiring attractively priced, well-located existing self-storage facilities.  We believe our 
presence  in  and  knowledge  of  substantially  all  of  the  major  markets  in  the  U.S.  enhances  our  ability  to  identify 
attractive acquisition opportunities.  Data on the rental rates and occupancy levels of our existing facilities provide us 
an advantage in evaluating the potential of acquisition opportunities.  Our aggressiveness in bidding for particular 
marketed facilities depends upon many factors including the potential for future growth, the quality of construction 
and location, the cash flow we expect from the facility when operated on our platform, how well the facility fits into 
our current geographic footprint, as well as our yield expectations.  From 2015 through 2018, we acquired an aggregate 
of 119 facilities from third parties at an aggregate cost of $929 million.  We will continue to seek to acquire properties 
in 2019; however, there is significant competition to acquire existing facilities, and self-storage owners’ desire to sell 
is based upon many variables, including potential reinvestment returns, expectations of future growth, estimated value, 
the cost of debt financing, as well as personal considerations.  As a result, there can be no assurance as to the level of 
facilities we may acquire.   

Develop new self-storage facilities and expand existing facilities:  The development of new  self-storage 
locations and the expansion of existing facilities has been an important source of growth.  Since the beginning of 2013, 
we have expanded our development efforts due in part to the significant increase in prices being paid for existing 
facilities,  in  many  cases  well  above  the  cost  of  developing  new  facilities.    At  December 31,  2018,  we  had  a 
development pipeline to develop new self-storage facilities and expand existing self-storage facilities, which will add 
approximately 5.2 million net rentable square feet of self-storage space, at a total cost of $607.4 million.  Some of 
these projects are subject to significant contingencies such as entitlement approval.  We expect to continue to seek 
additional development projects; however, the level of future development may be limited due to various constraints 
such as difficulty in finding projects that meet our risk-adjusted yield expectations, challenges in obtaining building 
permits  for  self-storage  activities  in  certain  municipalities,  as  well  as  challenges  in  sourcing  quality  construction 
materials, labor, and design elements.   

Participate in the growth of PS Business Parks, Inc.:  Our investment in PSB provides diversification into 
another asset type.  PSB is a stand-alone public company traded on the NYSE.  As of December 31, 2018, we have a 
42% equity interest in PSB. 

PSB seeks to grow its asset base in favorable markets as well as increase the cash flows from its existing 
portfolio.  As of December 31, 2018, PSB owned and operated approximately 28.2 million rentable square  feet of 
commercial space, and had an enterprise value of approximately $5.5 billion (based upon the trading price of PSB’s 
common stock combined with the liquidation value of its preferred stock as of December 31, 2018).   

Participate  in  the  growth  of  Shurgard  Europe:    We  believe  Shurgard  Europe  is  the  largest  self-storage 
company  in  Western  Europe.    It  owns  and  operates  232  self-storage  facilities  with  approximately  13  million  net 
rentable square feet in: France (principally Paris), Sweden (principally Stockholm), the United Kingdom (principally 
London),  the  Netherlands,  Denmark  (principally  Copenhagen),  Belgium  and  Germany.    On  October  15,  2018, 
Shurgard  Europe  completed  an  initial  global  offering  (the  “Offering”)  of  25.0  million  of  its  common  shares  for 
€575 million in gross proceeds, and its shares commenced trading on Euronext Brussels under the “SHUR” symbol.  

8 

 
 
As a result of the Offering (we did not acquire any additional common shares or sell any of our existing shares in the 
Offering), our equity interest in Shurgard Europe decreased from 49% to 35.2%.  

Customer  awareness  and  availability  of  self-storage  is  significantly  lower  in  Europe  than  in  the  U.S.  
However, with more awareness and product supply, we believe there is potential for increased demand for storage 
space in Europe.  We believe Shurgard Europe can capitalize on potential increased demand through the development 
of new facilities and acquiring existing facilities.  From 2014 through 2018, Shurgard Europe acquired 36 facilities 
with an approximate 1.8 million net rentable square feet in Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, Sweden 
and France for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $380.5 million.  In addition, from 2014 through 2018, 
Shurgard  Europe  opened  eight  development  properties  in  the  United  Kingdom,  Germany  and  Sweden  containing 
636,000 net rentable square feet at a cost of $100.7 million. 

Financing of the Company’s Growth Strategies 

Overview of financing strategy and sources of capital:  As a REIT, we generally distribute 100% of our 
taxable income to our shareholders which, relative to a taxable C corporation, limits the amount of cash flow from 
operations that we can retain for investments.  As a result, in order to grow our asset base, access to capital is important.   

Our financial profile is characterized by strong credit metrics, including low leverage relative to our total 
capitalization and operating cash flows.   We are one of the highest rated REITs, as rated by major rating agencies 
Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s.  Our senior debt has an “A” credit rating by Standard & Poor’s and “A2” by Moody’s.  
Our credit ratings on each of our series of preferred shares are “A3” by Moody’s and “BBB+” by Standard & Poor’s.  
Our credit profile and ratings enable us to effectively access both the public and private capital markets to raise capital. 

Sources of capital available to us include retained operating cash flow, the issuance of preferred and common 
securities, the issuance of medium and long-term debt, joint venture financing and the sale of properties.  We view 
our line of credit, as well as short-term bank loans, as bridge financing.    

Historically, we have financed our cash investment activities primarily with retained operating cash flow and 
the issuance of preferred securities.  While we have issued common shares, such issuances have been minimal, because 
preferred  securities  have  had  a  more  attractive  cost  of  capital.    In  2015  and  2016,  we  issued  Euro-denominated 
medium-term debt primarily as a hedge to our Euro-denominated investment in Shurgard Europe.  On September 18, 
2017, we completed a public offering of $1.0 billion in aggregate principal amount of unsecured notes in two  equal 
tranches  (collectively,  the  “U.S.  Dollar  Notes”), one  maturing  in  September  2022  bearing  interest  at  2.370%,  and 
another maturing in September 2027 bearing interest at 3.094%.  While we have increased the level of debt in our 
capital structure, we expect to continue to remain conservatively capitalized and not subject ourselves to significant 
refinancing risk.  

We have no current plans to use joint venture financing or the sale of properties as sources of capital. 

We select among the sources of capital available to us based upon relative cost, availability, the desire for 
leverage, and considering potential constraints caused by certain features of capital sources, such as debt covenants. 

Retained operating cash flow:  Although we are generally required to distribute 100% of our taxable income 
to our shareholders, we are nonetheless able to retain operating cash flow to the extent that our tax depreciation exceeds 
our maintenance capital expenditures.  In recent years, we have retained approximately $200 million to $300 million 
per year in cash flow.  

Preferred equity:  As noted above, we view preferred equity as an important source of capital over the long 
term.  However, rates and market conditions for the issuance of preferred securities can be volatile or inefficient from 
time to time, particularly so in the last few years.  Since 2013, we have issued preferred securities at fixed rates ranging 
from 4.900% to 6.375%.  Most recently, in August 2017, we issued $300 million of preferred securities at a fixed rate 
of 5.050%.  We believe that the market coupon rate of our preferred securities is influenced by long-term interest 

9 

 
 
rates,  as  well  as  demand  specifically  from  retail  investors.    Institutional  investors  are  generally  not  buyers  of  our 
preferred securities.   

At  December  31,  2018,  we  have  approximately  $4.0  billion  in  preferred  securities  outstanding.    On 
February 22,  2019,  we  called  for  redemption  on  March  28,  2019  our  6.375%  Series  Y  Preferred  Shares,  at  par 
($285 million).  Our preferred securities outstanding at December 31, 2018, excluding the Series Y Preferred Shares 
that were called for redemption had an average coupon rate of 5.3% and an average market yield of  5.9%.  As of 
February 27, 2019, we have the option to redeem, with 30 days’ notice, the following additional series of preferred 
securities; our 5.625% Series U Preferred Shares ($288 million), our 5.375% Series V Preferred Shares ($495 million), 
our 5.200% Series W Preferred Shares ($500 million), and our 5.200% Series X Preferred Shares ($225 million).  Our 
6.000% Series Z Preferred Shares ($288 million) become callable on June 4, 2019.  Redemption of such preferred 
shares will depend upon many factors, including the rate at which we could issue replacement preferred securities.  
None of our preferred securities is redeemable at the option of the holders.   

Medium or long-term debt:  We have broad powers to issue debt to fund our business.  Our corporate credit 
ratings  are  “A”  by  Standard  &  Poor’s  and  “A2”  by  Moody’s.    We  believe  these  high  ratings,  combined  with  our 
current minimal level of debt, could allow us to issue additional unsecured debt at lower interest rates than the coupon 
rates on preferred securities.   

At December 31, 2018, we have $1.0 billion of U.S. Dollar Notes and approximately €342 million of Euro-
denominated senior unsecured notes (the “Euro Notes”) outstanding, which were issued to institutional investors in 
2015 and 2016.    

Common equity:  Except in connection with mergers, most notably a merger in 2006 with Shurgard Storage 
Centers, we have not raised capital through the issuance of common equity because lower cost alternatives have been 
available.  However, we believe that the market for our common equity is liquid and, as a result, common equity is a 
significant potential source of capital.   

Bridge financing:  We have a $500.0 million revolving line of credit which we occasionally use as temporary 
“bridge”  financing,  along  with  short-term  bank  loans,  until  we  are  able  to  raise  longer-term  capital.    As  of 
December 31, 2018, there were no borrowings outstanding on our revolving line of credit and no short-term bank 
loans.  

Unlikely capital alternatives:  We have issued both our common and preferred securities in exchange for 
real estate and other investments in the past.  We do not expect such issuances to be a material source of capital in the 
future, though there can be no assurance.   

We have participated in joint ventures with institutional investors in the past to acquire, develop, and operate 
self-storage  facilities,  most  notably  our  joint  venture  to  own  Shurgard  Europe,  prior  to  its  Offering.    We  do  not 
presently expect joint venture financing to be a material source of capital in the future because we have other sources 
of capital that are currently less expensive and because of potential constraints resulting from joint management and 
ownership.   

Generally, we have disposed of self-storage facilities only when compelled to do so through condemnation 
proceedings.  Because we believe that we are an optimal operator of self-storage facilities, we have generally found 
that we cannot obtain sufficient value in selling properties.  As a result, we do not presently expect to raise significant 
capital selling self-storage facilities; however, there can be no assurance that we will not. 

Investments in Real Estate and Unconsolidated Real Estate Entities 

Investment Policies and Practices with respect to our investments: Following are our investment practices 
and policies which, though we do not anticipate any significant alteration, can be changed by our  board of trustees 
(the “Board”) without a shareholder vote: 

10 

 
 
(cid:120)  Our investments primarily consist of direct ownership of self-storage facilities, as well as partial interests 
in entities we control that own self-storage facilities that we manage under the “Public Storage” brand 
name  in  the  U.S.    Our  investments  in  self-storage  facilities  are  described  in  more  detail  in  Item  2, 
“Properties,” below. 

(cid:120)  We  have  an  ownership  interest  in  Shurgard  Europe,  which  owns  storage  facilities  located  in  Europe 

under the “Shurgard” brand name. 

(cid:120)  Additional acquired interests in real estate will primarily include the acquisition of properties from third 
parties, as well as to a lesser extent, partial interests in entities in which we already have an interest. 

(cid:120)  To  a  lesser  extent,  we  have  interests  in  existing  commercial  properties  (described  in  Item  2, 
“Properties”), containing commercial and industrial rental space, primarily through our investment in 
PSB. 

Facilities Owned by Unconsolidated Real Estate Entities 

At December 31, 2018, we had ownership interests in  PSB and Shurgard Europe (each discussed above), 

which we do not control or consolidate.   

PSB  and  Shurgard  Europe,  have  debt  and  other  obligations  that  we  do  not  consolidate  in  our  financial 
statements.  Such debt or other obligations have no recourse to us.  See Note 4 to our December 31, 2018 financial 
statements for further disclosure regarding the assets, liabilities and operating results of  PSB and Shurgard Europe.  
In addition, PSB’s public filings are available at its website, www.psbusinessparks.com and on the SEC website, and 
its  website, 
Shurgard  Europe’s  public  filings  and  publicly  reported 
https://corporate.shurgard.eu and on the website of the Luxembourg Stock Exchange, http://www.bourse.lu. 

information  can  be  obtained  on 

Canadian self-storage facilities owned by Former Chairman and Members of Board of Trustees  

At December 31, 2018, B. Wayne Hughes and Tamara Hughes Gustavson together owned and controlled 62 
self-storage facilities in Canada.  These facilities operate under the “Public Storage” tradename, which we license to 
the owners of these facilities for use in Canada on a royalty-free, non-exclusive basis.  We have no ownership interest 
in these facilities and we do not own or operate any facilities in Canada.  If we chose to acquire or develop our own 
facilities in Canada, we would have to share the use of the “Public Storage” name in Canada.  We have a right of first 
refusal,  subject  to  limitations,  to  acquire  the  stock  or  assets  of  the  corporation  engaged  in  the  operation  of  these 
facilities if their owners agree to sell them.  Our subsidiaries reinsure risks relating to loss of goods stored by customers 
in  these  facilities,  and  have  received  approximately  $1.3  million,  $1.1  million  and  $848,000  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  Our right to continue receiving these premiums may be qualified. 

Limitations on Debt  

Our  revolving  credit  facility,  U.S.  Dollar  Notes  and  Euro  Notes  contain  various  customary  financial 
covenants, including limitations on our ability to encumber our properties with mortgages and limitations on the level 
of indebtedness.  We believe we complied with each of these covenants as of December 31, 2018. 

Employees 

We had approximately 5,600 employees in the U.S. at December 31, 2018 who are engaged primarily in 

property operations.   

11 

 
 
 
 
Seasonality 

We experience  minor seasonal fluctuations in the  demand for self-storage  space,  with demand and  rental 
rates generally higher in the summer months than in the winter months.  We believe that these fluctuations result in 
part from increased moving activity during the summer months. 

Insurance 

We  carry  property,  earthquake,  general  liability,  employee  medical  insurance  and  workers  compensation 
coverage through internationally recognized insurance carriers, subject to deductibles.   Our deductible  for general 
liability is $2.0 million per occurrence.  Our annual deductible for property losses is $25.0 million per occurrence. 
This deductible decreases to $5.0 million once we reach $35.0 million in aggregate losses for occurrences that exceed 
however, once we reach $35.0 million in aggregate losses for occurrences that exceed $5.0 million.  Insurance carriers’ 
aggregate limits on these policies of $75.0 million for property losses and $102.0 million for general liability losses 
are higher than estimates of maximum probable losses that could occur from individual catastrophic events determined 
in recent engineering and actuarial studies; however, in case of multiple catastrophic events, these limits could be 
exceeded. 

We reinsure a program that provides insurance to our customers from an independent third-party insurer.  
This program covers customer claims for losses to goods stored at our facilities as a result of specific named perils 
(earthquakes are not covered by this program), up to a maximum limit of  $5,000 per storage unit.  We reinsure all 
risks in this program, but purchase insurance to cover this exposure for a limit of $15.0 million for losses in excess of 
$5.0 million per occurrence.  We are subject to licensing requirements and  regulations in several states.  Customers 
participate in the program at their option.  At December 31, 2018, there were approximately 914,000 certificates held 
by our self-storage customers, representing aggregate coverage of approximately $2.9 billion. 

ITEM 1A.  Risk Factors 

In  addition  to  the  other  information  in  our  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K,  you  should  consider  the  risks 
described  below  that  we  believe  may  be  material  to  investors  in  evaluating  the  Company.    This  section  contains 
forward-looking statements, and in considering these statements, you should refer to the qualifications and limitations 
on our forward-looking statements that are described in Item 1, “Business.” 

We have significant exposure to real estate risk.  

Since our business consists primarily of acquiring and operating real estate, we are subject to the risks related 
to  the  ownership  and  operation  of  real  estate  that  could  result  in  reduced  revenues,  increased  expenses,  increased 
capital  expenditures,  or  increased  borrowings,  which  could  negatively  impact  our  operating  results,  cash  flow 
available for distribution or reinvestment, and our stock price:   

Natural disasters or terrorist attacks could cause damage to our facilities, resulting in increased costs and 
reduced revenues.  Natural disasters, such as earthquakes, fires, hurricanes and floods, or terrorist attacks could cause 
significant damage and require significant repair costs, and make facilities temporarily uninhabitable, reducing our 
revenues.  Damage and business interruption losses could exceed the aggregate limits of our insurance coverage.  In 
addition, because we self-insure a portion of our risks, losses below a certain level may not be covered by insurance.   
See Note 13 to our December 31, 2018 financial statements for a description of the risks of losses that are not covered 
by third-party insurance contracts.  We  may not have sufficient insurance coverage for losses caused by a terrorist 
attack, or such insurance may not be maintained, available or cost-effective.  In addition, significant natural disasters, 
terrorist attacks, threats of future terrorist attacks, or resulting wider armed conflicts could have negative impacts on 
storage demand and/or our revenues.   

Operating costs, including property taxes, could increase.  We could be subject to increases in insurance 
premiums, property or other taxes, repair and maintenance costs, payroll, utility costs, workers compensation, and 
other  operating  expenses  due  to  various  factors  such  as  inflation,  labor  shortages,  commodity  and  energy  price 
increases, weather, increases to minimum wage rates, changes to governmental safety and real estate use limitations, 

12 

 
 
as well as other governmental actions.  Our property tax expense, which totaled approximately $256.9 million during 
the  year  ended  December  31,  2018,  generally  depends  upon  the  assessed  value  of  our  real  estate  facilities  as 
determined by assessors and government agencies, and accordingly could be subject to substantial increases if such 
agencies changed their valuation approaches or opinions or if new laws are enacted.   

The acquisition of existing properties is subject to risks that may adversely affect our growth and financial 
results.  We have acquired self-storage facilities from third parties in the past, and we expect to continue to do so in 
the future.  We face significant competition for suitable acquisition properties from other real estate investors.  As a 
result, we may be unable to acquire additional properties we desire or the purchase price for desirable properties may 
be significantly increased.  Failures or unexpected circumstances in integrating newly acquired properties into our 
operations or circumstances we did not detect during due diligence, such as environmental matters, needed repairs or 
deferred maintenance, or the effects of increased property tax following reassessment of a newly-acquired property, 
as well as the general risks of real estate investment, could jeopardize realization of the anticipated earnings from an 
acquisition.   

Development of self-storage facilities can subject us to risks.  At December 31, 2018, we have a pipeline of 
development projects totaling $607.4 million (subject to contingencies), and we expect to continue to seek additional 
development projects.  There are significant risks involved in developing self-storage facilities, such as delays or cost 
increases due to changes in or failure to meet government or regulatory requirements,  failure of revenue to meet our 
underwriting  estimates,  weather  issues,  unforeseen  site  conditions,  or  personnel  problems.    Self-storage  space  is 
generally not pre-leased, and rent-up of newly developed space can be delayed or ongoing cash flow yields can be 
reduced due to competition, reductions in storage demand, or other factors.   

There is significant competition among self-storage operators and from other storage alternatives.  Our self-
storage facilities generate most of our revenue and earnings.  Competition in the local market areas in which many of 
our properties are located is significant and has affected our occupancy levels, rental rates and operating  expenses.  
Development  of  self-storage  facilities  has  increased  in  recent  years,  which  has  intensified  competition  and  will 
continue to do so as newly developed facilities are opened.  Development of self-storage facilities by other operators 
could  continue  to  increase,  due  to  increases  in  availability  of  funds  for  investment  or  other  reasons,  and  further 
intensify competition.  

We may incur significant liabilities from environmental contamination or moisture infiltration.   Existing or 
future laws impose or may impose liability on us to clean up environmental contamination on or around properties 
that we currently or previously owned or operated, even if we were not responsible for or aware of the environmental 
contamination or even if such environmental contamination occurred prior to our involvement with the property.  We 
have conducted preliminary environmental assessments on most of our properties, which have not identified material 
liabilities.    These  assessments,  commonly  referred  to  as  “Phase  1  Environmental  Assessments,”  include  an 
investigation (excluding soil  or groundwater  sampling or analysis) and a review of publicly a vailable  information 
regarding the site and other nearby properties.     

We are also subject to potential liability relating to moisture infiltration, which can result in mold or other 
damage to our or our  customers’ property, as  well as potential health concerns.  When  we receive a complaint or 
otherwise  become  aware  that  an  air  quality  concern  exists,  we  implement  corrective  measures  and  seek  to  work 
proactively with our customers to resolve issues, subject to our contractual limitations on liability for such claims.   

We are not aware of any environmental contamination or moisture infiltration related liabilities that could be 
material to our overall business, financial condition, or results of operation.  However, we may not have detected all 
material liabilities, we could acquire properties with material undetected liabilities, or new conditions could ar ise or 
develop at our properties, any of which would result in a cash settlement or adversely affect our ability to sell, lease, 
operate, or encumber affected facilities.  

13 

 
 
 
 
Economic conditions can adversely affect our business, financial condition, growth and access to capital. 

Our  revenues  and  operating  cash  flow  can  be  negatively  impacted  by  reductions  in  employment  and 
population levels, household and disposable income, and other general economic factors that lead to a reduction in 
demand for rental space in each of the markets in which we operate.     

Our ability to raise capital to fund our activities may be adversely affected by challenging market conditions.  
If we were unable to raise capital at reasonable rates, prospective earnings growth through expanding our asset base 
could be limited.   

We have exposure to European operations through our ownership in Shurgard Europe.  

We own a 35.2% equity interest in Shurgard Europe, with our investment having a $349.5 million book value 
at December 31, 2018, and $14.1 million in equity in earnings in 2018.  As a result, we are exposed to additional risks 
related  to  international  operations  that  may  adversely  impact  our  business  and  financial  results,  including  the 
following:  

(cid:120)  Currency risks:  Currency fluctuations can impact the fair value of our investment in Shurgard Europe, 

as well as future repatriation of cash. 

(cid:120)  Legislative, tax, and regulatory risks:  Shurgard Europe is subject to a variety of local, national, and pan 
European laws and regulations related to permitting and land use, the environment, labor, and other areas, 
as well as income, property, sales, value added and employment tax laws.  These laws can be difficult to 
apply or interpret and can vary in each country or locality, and are subject to unexpected changes in their 
form  and  application  due  to  regional,  national,  or  local  political  uncertainty  and  other  factors.    Such 
changes, or Shurgard Europe’s failure to comply with these laws, could subject it to penalties or other 
sanctions, adverse changes in business processes, as well as potentially adverse income tax, property tax, 
or other tax burdens.   

(cid:120) 

Impediments to capital repatriation could negatively impact the realization of our investment in Shurgard 
Europe:  Laws in Europe and the U.S. may create, impede or increase our cost to repatriate distributions 
received from Shurgard Europe or proceeds from the sale of Shurgard Europe’s shares.   

(cid:120)  Risks  of  collective  bargaining  and  intellectual property:    Collective  bargaining,  which  is  prevalent  in 
certain areas in Europe, could negatively impact Shurgard Europe’s labor costs or operations.  Many of 
Shurgard Europe’s employees participate in various national unions.   

(cid:120)  Potential  operating  and  individual  country  risks:    Economic  slowdowns  or  extraordinary  political  or 
social change in the countries in which it operates have posed, and could continue to pose, challenges or 
result in future reductions of Shurgard Europe’s operating cash flows.   

(cid:120)  Liquidity  of  our  ownership  stake:    We  have  no  plans  to  liquidate  our  interest  in  Shurgard  Europe.  
However, while Shurgard Europe is a publicly held entity, our ability to liquidate our shares in Shurgard 
Europe, if we chose to, could be limited by the level of Shurgard Europe’s public “float” relative to our 
ownership stake.  We are subject to a contractual “lock up” that prevents us from selling any shares until 
April  9, 2019,  and  our  existing  relationship  with  our  legacy  joint  venture  partner  may  place  further 
contractual limitations on our ability to sell all of the shares we own if we desired to do so.   

(cid:120) 

Impediments of Shurgard Europe’s public ownership structure:  Shurgard Europe’s strategic decisions, 
involving activities such as borrowing money, capital contributions, raising capital from third parties, as 
well  as  selling  or  acquiring  significant  assets,  are  determined  by  its  board  of  directors.    As  a  result, 
Shurgard Europe may be precluded from taking advantage of opportunities that we would find attractive 
but that we may not be able to pursue economically separately.   

14 

 
 
The Hughes Family could control us and take actions adverse to other shareholders.   

At December 31, 2018, B. Wayne Hughes, our former Chairman and his family, which includes his daughter, 
Tamara  Hughes  Gustavson  and  his  son,  B.  Wayne  Hughes,  Jr.,  who  are  both  members  of  our  Board  of  Trustees 
(collectively, the “Hughes Family”), owned approximately 14.5% of our aggregate outstanding common shares.  Our 
declaration  of  trust  permits  the  Hughes  Family  to  own  up  to  35.66%  of  our  outstanding  common  shares  while  it 
generally  restricts  the  ownership  by  other  persons  and  entities  to  3%  of  our  outstanding  common  shares.  
Consequently,  the  Hughes  Family  may  significantly  influence  matters  submitted  to  a  vote  of  our  shareholders, 
including  electing  trustees,  amending  our  organizational  documents,  dissolving  and  approving  other  extraordinary 
transactions, such as a takeover attempt, resulting in an outcome that may not be favorable to other shareholders.  

Takeover attempts or changes in control could be thwarted, even if beneficial to shareholders. 

In certain circumstances, shareholders might desire a change of control or acquisition of us, in order to realize 
a premium over the then-prevailing market price of our shares or for other reasons.  However, the following could 
prevent, deter, or delay such a transaction:    

(cid:120)  Provisions of Maryland law may impose limitations that may make it more difficult for a third party 
to negotiate or effect a business combination transaction or control share acquisition with Public 
Storage.  Currently, the Board has opted not to subject the Company to these provisions of Maryland 
law, but it could choose to do so in the future without shareholder approval.     

(cid:120)  To  protect  against  the  loss  of  our  REIT  status  due  to  concentration  of  ownership  levels,  our 
declaration  of  trust  generally  limits  the  ability  of  a  person,  other  than  the  Hughes  Family  or 
“designated investment entities” (each as defined in our declaration of trust), to own, actually or 
constructively, more than 3% of our outstanding common shares or 9.9% of the outstanding shares 
of any class or series of preferred or equity shares.  Our  Board may  grant a specific exemption.  
These limits could discourage, delay or prevent a transaction involving a change in control of  the 
Company not approved by our Board.  

(cid:120)  Similarly, current provisions  of our declaration of trust and powers of our Board  could have the 
same effect, including (1) limitations on removal of trustees, (2) restrictions on the acquisition of 
our shares of beneficial interest, (3) the power to issue additional common shares, preferred shares 
or equity shares on terms approved by the Board without obtaining shareholder approval, (4) the 
advance notice provisions of our bylaws and (5) the Board’s ability under Maryland law, without 
obtaining shareholder approval, to implement takeover defenses that we may not yet have and to 
take,  or  refrain  from  taking,  other  actions  that  could  have  the  effect  of  delaying,  deterring  or 
preventing a transaction or a change in control. 

If we failed to qualify as a REIT, we would have to pay substantial income taxes. 

REITs are subject to a range of complex organizational and operational requirements.  A qualifying REIT 
does not generally incur federal income tax on its net income that is distributed to its shareholders.  Our REIT status 
is also dependent upon the ongoing REIT qualification of PSB as a result of our substantial ownership interest in  it. 
We believe we have qualified as a REIT and we intend to continue to maintain our REIT status.  

There  can  be  no  assurance  that  we  qualify  or  will  continue  to  qualify  as  a  REIT,  because  of  the  highly 
technical nature of the REIT rules, the ongoing importance of factual determinations, the possibility of unidentified 
issues  in  prior  periods  or  changes  in  our  circumstances,  as  well  as  share  ownership  limits  in  our  articles  of 
incorporation that do not necessarily ensure that our shareholder base is sufficiently diverse for us  to qualify as a 
REIT. For any year we fail to qualify as a REIT, unless certain relief provisions apply (the granting of such relief 
could nonetheless result in significant excise or penalty taxes), we would not be allowed a deduction for dividends 
paid, we would be subject to corporate tax on our taxable income, and generally we would not be allowed to elect 
REIT status until the fifth year after such a disqualification. Any taxes, interest, and penalties incurred would reduce 

15 

 
 
our cash available for distributions to shareholders and could negatively affect our stock price. However, for years in 
which we failed to qualify as a REIT, we would not be subject to REIT rules which require us to distribute substantially 
all of our taxable income to our shareholders. 

Holders of our preferred shares have dividend, liquidation and other rights that are senior to the rights of the 
holders of shares of our common stock. 

Holders of our preferred shares are entitled to cumulative dividends before any dividends may be declared 
or  set  aside  on  our  common  stock.    Upon  liquidation,  holders  of  our  preferred  shares  will  receive  a  liquidation 
preference of $25,000 per share (or $25.00 per depositary share) plus any accrued and unpaid distributions before any 
payment is made to the common shareholders.  These preferences may limit the amount received by our common 
shareholders either from ongoing distributions or upon liquidation.  In addition, our preferred shareholders have the 
right to elect two additional directors to our Board whenever dividends are in arrears in an aggregate amount equivalent 
to six or more quarterly dividends, whether or not consecutive. 

Preferred Shareholders are subject to certain risks 

Holders  of  our  preferred  shares  have  preference  rights  over  our  common  shareholders  with  respect  to 
liquidation and distributions, which give them some assurance of continued payment of their stated dividend rate, and 
receipt of their principal upon liquidation of the Company or redemption of their securities.  However, holders of our 
Preferred Shares should consider the following risks:  

(cid:120)  The Company has in the past, and could in the future, issue or assume additional debt.  Preferred 
shareholders  would  be  subordinated  to  the  interest  and  principal  payments  of  such  debt,  which 
would increase the risk that there would not be sufficient funds to pay distributions or liquidation 
amounts to the preferred shareholders.  

(cid:120)  The Company has in the past, and could in the future, issue additional preferred shares that, while 
pari passu to the existing preferred shares, increases the risk that there would not be sufficient funds 
to pay distributions to the preferred shareholders.  

(cid:120)  While the Company has no plans to do so, if the Company were to lose its REIT status or no longer 
elect REIT status, it would no longer be required to distribute its taxable income to maintain REIT 
status.  If, in such a circumstance, the Company ceased paying dividends, unpaid distributions to 
the preferred shareholders would continue to accumulate.  The preferred shareholders would have 
the ability to elect two additional members to serve on our Board of Trustees until the arrearage 
was cured.  The preferred shareholders would not receive any compensation (such as interest) for 
the  delay  in  the  receipt  of  distributions,  and  it  is  possible  that  the  arrearage  could  accumulate 
indefinitely.    

Changes in tax laws could negatively impact us. 

The  United  States  Treasury  Department  and  Congress  frequently  review  federal  income  tax  legislation, 
regulations and other guidance.  We cannot predict whether, when or to what extent new federal tax laws, regulations, 
interpretations or rulings will be adopted.  Any legislative action may prospectively or retroactively modify our tax 
treatment and, therefore, may adversely affect taxation of us or our shareholders.   

Changes made by the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “TCJA”), signed into law on December 22, 2017, will limit 
our ability to deduct compensation in excess of $1 million paid to certain senior executives.  This could require us to 
increase distributions to our shareholders in order to avoid paying tax and to maintain our REIT status.  

16 

 
 
 
 
 
We may pay some taxes, reducing cash available for shareholders. 

Even if we qualify as a REIT for federal income tax purposes, we may be subject to some federal, foreign, 
state and local taxes on our income and property.  Since January 1, 2001, certain consolidated corporate subsidiaries 
of the Company have elected to be treated as “taxable REIT subsidiaries” for federal income tax purposes, and are 
taxable  as  regular  corporations  and  subject  to  certain  limitations  on  intercompany  transactions.    If  tax  authorities 
determine  that  amounts  paid  by  our  taxable  REIT  subsidiaries  to  us  are  not  reasonable  compared  to  similar 
arrangements among unrelated parties, we could be subject to a 100% penalty tax on the excess payments, and ongoing 
intercompany  arrangements  could  have  to  change,  resulting  in  higher  ongoing  tax  payments.    To  the  extent  the 
Company is required to pay federal, foreign, state or local taxes or federal penalty taxes due to existing laws or changes 
thereto, we will have less cash available for distribution to shareholders.   

In addition, certain local and state governments have imposed taxes on self-storage rent.  While in most cases 
those taxes are paid by our customers, they increase the cost of self-storage rental to our customers and can negatively 
impact our revenues.  Other local and state governments may impose self-storage rent taxes in the future.  

We have exposure to increased property tax in California. 

Approximately $565 million of our 2018 net operating income is from our properties in California, and we 
incurred  approximately  $41  million  in  related  property  tax  expense.    Due  to  the  impact  of  Proposition  13,  which 
generally limits increases in assessed values to 2% per year, the assessed value and resulting property tax we pay is 
less than it would be if the properties were assessed at current values.  From time to time, proposals have been made 
to  reduce  the  beneficial  impact  of  Proposition  13,  particularly  with  respect  to  commercial  and  industrial  (non-
residential) real estate, which would include self-storage facilities.  In late 2018, an initiative qualified for California’s 
November 2020 statewide ballot that would create a “split roll,” generally making Proposition 13’s protections only 
applicable to residential real estate.  We cannot predict whether the initiative will actually be on the ballot in 2020, or 
what the prospects for passage might be, or whether other changes to Proposition 13 may be proposed or adopted.  If 
the initiative or a similar proposal were to be adopted, it would end the beneficial effect of Proposition 13 for our 
properties,  and  our  property  tax  expense  could  increase  substantially,  adversely  affecting  our  cash  flow  from 
operations and net income.   

We are exposed to ongoing litigation and other legal and regulatory actions, which may divert manage ment’s 
time and attention, require us to pay damages and expenses or restrict the operation of our business.  

We have over 5,600 employees, more than 1.4 million customers, and we conduct business at facilities with 
162  million  net  rentable  square  feet  of  storage  space.    As  a  result,  we  are  subject  to  the  risk  of  legal  claims  and 
proceedings (including class actions) and regulatory enforcement actions in the ordinary course of our business and 
otherwise, and we could incur significant liabilities and substantial legal fees as a result of these actions.  Resolution 
of these claims and actions may divert time and attention by our management could involve payment of damages or 
expenses by us, all of which may be significant, and could damage our reputation and our brand.  In addition, any such 
resolution  could  involve  our  agreement  to  terms  that  restrict  the  operation  of  our  business.    The  results  of  legal 
proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty.  We cannot guarantee losses incurred in connection with any current 
or future legal or regulatory proceedings or actions will not exceed any provisions we may have set aside in respect 
of such proceedings or actions or will not exceed any available insurance coverage.   The impact of any such legal 
claims, proceedings, and regulatory enforcement actions and could negatively impact our operating results, cash flow 
available for distribution or reinvestment, and/or the price of our common shares.    

We are heavily dependent on computer systems, telecommunications and the Internet to process transactions, 
summarize results and manage our business.  The failure or disruption of our computer and communications 
systems could significantly harm our business. 

We are heavily dependent upon automated information technology and Internet commerce, with more than 
half  of  our  new  customers  coming  from  the  telephone  or  over  the  Internet.    We  centrally  manage  significant 
components  of  our  operations  with  our  computer  systems,  including  our  financial  information,  and  we  also  rely 
extensively  on  third-party  vendors  to  retain  data,  process  transactions  and  provide  other  systems  services.    These 

17 

 
 
 
systems  are  subject  to  damage  or  interruption  from  power  outages,  computer  and  telecommunications  failures, 
hackers, computer worms, viruses and other destructive or disruptive security breaches and catastrophic events.  Such 
incidents could also result in significant costs to repair or replace such networks or information systems.   As a result, 
our operations could be severely impacted by a natural disaster, terrorist attack, attack by hackers, acts of vandalism, 
data theft,  misplaced or lost data, programming or human error, or other circumstance  that results  in a significant 
outage of our systems or those of our third party providers, despite our use of back up and redundancy measures.   

If our confidential information is compromised or corrupted, including as a result of a cybersecurity breach, 
our  reputation  and  business  relationships  could  be  damaged,  which  could  adversely  affect  our  financial 
condition and operating results. 

In the ordinary course of our business we acquire and store sensitive data, including personally identifiable 
information of our prospective and current customers and our employees.  The secure processing and maintenance of 
this information is critical to our operations and business strategy.  Although we believe we have taken commercially 
reasonable  steps  to  protect  the  security  of  our  confidential  information,  information  security  risks  have  generally 
increased  in  recent  years  due  to  the  rise  in  new  technologies  and  the  increased  sophistication  and  activities  of 
perpetrators of cyberattacks.  Despite our security measures, our information technology and infrastructure could be 
vulnerable to a cyberattack or other data security breach which would penetrate our network security and our or our 
customers’  or  employees’  confidential  information  could  be  compromised  or  misappropriated.    Our  confidential 
information may also be compromised due to programming or human error or malfeasance.  Ever-evolving threats 
mean we must continually evaluate and adapt our systems and processes, and there is no guarantee that they will be 
adequate to safeguard against all data security breaches or misuses of data.  In addition, as the regulatory environment 
related to information  security, data collection and use, and privacy becomes increasingly rigorous,  with new and 
changing  requirements  applicable  to  our  business  from  multiple  regulatory  agencies  at  the  local,  state,  federal,  or 
international level, compliance with those requirement could also result in additional costs, or we could fail to comply 
with those requirements due to various reasons such as not being aware of them.     

Any such access, disclosure or other loss of information could result in legal claims or proceedings, liability 
under laws that protect the privacy of personal information, regulatory penalties, disruption to our operations and the 
services  we  provide  to  customers  or  damage  our  reputation,  any  of  which  could  adversely  affect  our  results  of 
operations, reputation and competitive position.  In addition, our customers could lose confidence in our ability to 
protect their personal information, which could cause them to discontinue leasing our self-storage facilities.  Such 
events could lead to lost future revenues and adversely affect our results of operations and could result in remedial 
and other costs, fines or lawsuits, which could be in excess of any available insurance that we have procured. 

We are subject to laws and governmental regulations and actions that require us to incur compliance costs 
affecting our operating results and financial condition. 

Our business is subject to regulation under a wide variety of U.S. federal, state and local laws, regulations 
and  policies  including  those  imposed  by  the  SEC,  the  Sarbanes-Oxley  Act  of  2002,  the  Dodd-Frank  Wall  Street 
Reform and Consumer Protection Act and NYSE, as well as applicable local, state, and national labor laws. Although 
we have policies and procedures designed to comply with applicable laws and regulations, failure to comply with the 
various  laws  and  regulations  may  result  in  civil  and  criminal  liability,  fines  and  penalties,  increased  costs  of 
compliance, restatement of our financial statements and could also affect the marketability of our real estate facilities.  

In  response  to  current  economic  conditions  or  the  current  political  environment  or  otherwise,  laws  and 
regulations  could  be  implemented  or  changed  in  ways  that  adversely  affect  our  operating  results  and  financial 
condition, such as legislation that could facilitate union activity or that would otherwise increase operating costs.  

All of our properties must comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act and with related regulations and 
similar state law requirements, as well as various real estate and zoning laws and regulations, which are subject to 
change and could become more costly to comply with in the future.  Compliance with these requirements can require 
us to incur significant expenditures, which would reduce cash otherwise available for distribution to shareholders.  A 
failure to comply with these laws could lead to fines or possible awards of damages to individuals affected by the non-
compliance.  Failure to comply with these requirements could also affect the marketability of our real estate facilities.   

18 

 
 
 
 
Our tenant reinsurance business is subject to governmental regulation which could reduce our profitability or 
limit our growth. 

We  hold  Limited  Lines  Self-Service  Storage  Insurance  Agent  licenses  from  a  number  of  individual  state 
departments of insurance and are subject to state governmental regulation and supervision.  Our continued ability to 
maintain  these  Limited  Lines  Self-Service  Storage  Insurance  Agent  licenses  in  the  jurisdictions  in  which  we  are 
licensed depends on our compliance with related rules and regulations.  The regulatory authorities in each jurisdiction 
generally  have  broad  discretion  to  grant,  renew  and  revoke  licenses  and  approvals,  to  promulgate,  interpret,  and 
implement  regulations,  and  to  evaluate  compliance  with  regulations  through  periodic  examinations,  audits  and 
investigations of the affairs of insurance agents.  As a result of regulatory or private action in any jurisdiction, we may 
be temporarily or permanently suspended from continuing some or all of our reinsurance activities, or otherwise fined 
or penalized or suffer an adverse judgment, which could reduce our net income.   

ITEM 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments 

None. 

19 

 
 
 
 
ITEM 2. 

Properties 

At December 31, 2018, we  had  controlling  ownership interests in  2,429 self-storage facilities located in 38 
states within the U.S., and we have a 35.2% interest in Shurgard Europe which owns 232 storage facilities located in 
seven Western European nations: 

At December 31, 2018 

Number of Storage 
Facilities 

Net Rentable Square Feet 
(in thousands) 

U.S.: 
California 

Southern 
Northern 

Texas 
Florida 
Illinois 
Georgia 
Washington 
North Carolina 
Virginia 
Colorado 
New York 
New Jersey 
Maryland  
Minnesota 
South Carolina 
Ohio 
Arizona 
Michigan 
Indiana 
Missouri 
Oregon 
Pennsylvania 
Tennessee 
Nevada 
Massachusetts 
Oklahoma 
Kansas 
Other states (12 states) 

Total - U.S. (a) 

Shurgard Europe: 
Netherlands 
France 
Sweden 
United Kingdom 
Belgium 
Germany 
Denmark 

Total - Shurgard Europe 

Grand Total 

20 

 250  
 179  
 304  
 287  
 126  
 110  
 96  
 90  
 92  
 73  
 67  
 58  
 62  
 54  
 60  
 49  
 45  
 44  
 36  
 38  
 39  
 29  
 34  
 27  
 25  
 22  
 21  
 112  

 18,274 
 11,240 
 21,987 
 19,617 
 7,952 
 7,246 
 6,589 
 6,369 
 5,674 
 5,001 
 4,672 
 3,863 
 3,761 
 3,690 
 3,385 
 3,199 
 2,975 
 2,939 
 2,249 
 2,236 
 2,040 
 1,993 
 1,955 
 1,818 
 1,691 
 1,533 
 1,268 
 6,831 

 2,429  

 162,047 

 61  
 56  
 36  
 31  
 21  
 17  
 10  

 232  

 2,661  

 3,127 
 2,935 
 1,967 
 1,771 
 1,265 
 969 
 572 

 12,606 

 174,653 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(a)  See  Schedule  III:    Real  Estate  and  Accumulated  Depreciation  in  the  Company’s  2018  financials,  for  a  summary  of  land, 
building, accumulated depreciation, square footage, and number of properties by market for our properties located in the U.S. 

We seek to maximize our facilities’ cash flow through the regular review and adjustment of rents charged 
and promotions granted to our existing and new incoming customers, and controlling expenses.  For the year ended 
December 31, 2018, the weighted average occupancy level and the average realized rent per occupied square foot for 
our  self-storage  facilities  were  approximately  91.3%  and  $17.01, respectively,  in  the  U.S.  and  87.0%  and $22.47, 
respectively, in Europe.   

At December 31, 2018, 30 of our U.S. facilities with a net book value of $111 million were encumbered by 

an aggregate of $27 million in mortgage notes payable.   

We have no specific policy as to the  maximum size of any one particular self-storage facility.  However, 
none of our facilities involves, or is expected to involve, 1% or more of our total assets, gross revenues or net income.   

Description  of  Self-Storage  Facilities:  Self-storage  facilities,  which  comprise  the  majority  of  our 
investments, offer accessible storage space for personal and business use at a relatively low cost.  A user rents a fully 
enclosed space, securing the space with their lock, which is for the user's exclusive use and to which only the user has 
access.  Property managers operate the facility and are supervised by district managers.  Some self-storage facilities 
also include rentable uncovered parking areas for vehicle storage.   Space is rented on a month-to-month basis and 
rental rates vary according to the location of the property, the size of the storage space and other characteristics that 
affect the relative attractiveness of each particular space, such as whether the space has “drive-up” access, its proximity 
to elevators, or if the space is climate controlled.  All of our self-storage facilities in the U.S. are operated under the 
"Public Storage" brand name, while our facilities in Europe are operated under the “Shurgard” brand name. 

Users include individuals from virtually all demographic groups, as well as businesses.  Individuals usually 
store  furniture,  household  appliances,  personal  belongings,  motor  vehicles,  boats,  campers,  motorcycles  and  other 
household  goods.    Businesses  normally  store  excess  inventory,  business  records,  seasonal  goods,  equipment  and 
fixtures. 

Our self-storage facilities generally consist of between 350 to 750 storage spaces.  Most spaces have between 

25 and 400 square feet and an interior height of approximately eight to 12 feet. 

We experience minor seasonal fluctuations in the occupancy levels of self-storage facilities with occupancies 
generally higher in the summer months than in the winter months.  We believe that these fluctuations result in part 
from  increased  demand  from  moving  activity  during  the  summer  months  and  incremental  demand  from  college 
students. 

Our  self-storage  facilities  are  geographically  diversified  and  are  located  primarily  in  or  near  major 
metropolitan markets in 38 states in the U.S.  Generally our self-storage facilities are located in heavily populated 
areas and close to concentrations of apartment complexes, single family residences and commercial developments.    

Competition  from  other  self-storage  facilities  is  significant  and  affects  the  occupancy  levels,  rental  rates, 

rental income and operating expenses of our facilities.  

We believe that self-storage facilities, upon achieving stabilized occupancy levels of approximately 90%, 
have attractive characteristics consisting of high profit margins, a broad tenant base, low levels of capital expenditures 
to  maintain  their  condition  and  appearance  and  excellent  returns  on  invested  capital.    Historically,  upon  reaching 
stabilization, our U.S. self-storage facilities have generally shown a high degree of stability in generating cash flows.   

Description of Commercial Properties: We have an interest in PSB, which, as of December 31, 2018, owns 
and operates approximately 28.2 million rentable square feet of commercial space in six states.  At December 31, 
2018, the $434.5 million book value and $1.9 billion market value, respectively, of our investment in PSB represents 
approximately 4% and 17%, respectively, of our total book value assets.  We also directly own 0.8 million net rentable 
square feet of commercial space managed primarily by PSB.   

21 

 
 
The commercial properties owned by PSB consist primarily of flex, multi-tenant office and industrial space.  
Flex space is defined as buildings that are configured with a combination of office and warehouse space and can be 
designed to fit a  wide  variety of uses (including office, assembly,  showroom, laboratory, light  manufacturing and 
warehouse space).   

Environmental Matters:  We accrue environmental assessments and estimated remediation cost when it is 
probable that such efforts will be required and the related costs can be reasonably estimated.  Our current practice is 
to conduct environmental investigations in connection with property acquisitions.  Although there can be no assurance, 
we are not aware of any environmental contamination of any of our facilities, which individually or in the aggregate 
would be material to our overall business, financial condition, or results of operations. 

ITEM 3. 

Legal Proceedings 

We  are  a  party  to  various  legal  proceedings  and  subject  to  various  claims  and  complaints;  however,  we 
believe that the likelihood of these contingencies resulting in a material loss to the Company, either individually or in 
the aggregate, is remote. 

ITEM 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures 

Not applicable. 

22 

 
 
 
 
PART II 

ITEM 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 
Equity Securities 

Our Common Shares of beneficial interest (the “Common Shares”) (NYSE: PSA) have been listed on the 
NYSE since October 19, 1984.  As of February 25, 2019, there were approximately 12,193 holders of record of our 
Common Shares.   

Our Board of Trustees has authorized management to repurchase up to 35,000,000 of our common shares on 
the  open  market  or  in  privately  negotiated  transactions.    From  the  inception  of  the  repurchase  program  through 
February 27, 2019, we have repurchased a total of 23,721,916 common shares (all purchased prior to 2010) at an 
aggregate cost of approximately $679.1 million.  Our common share repurchase program does not have an expiration 
date  and  there  are  11,278,084  common  shares  that  may  yet  be  repurchased  under  our  repurchase  program  as  of 
December  31,  2018.    We  have  no  current  plans  to  repurchase  shares;  however,  future  levels  of  common  share 
repurchases will be dependent upon our available capital, investment alternatives, and the trading price of our common 
shares.   

Refer  to  Item  12.  “Security  Ownership  of  Certain  Beneficial  Owners  and  Management  and  Related 

Shareholder Matters” for information about our equity compensation plans. 

23 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 6. 

Selected Financial Data 

2018 

For the year ended December 31, 
2016 
(Amounts in thousands, except share and per share data) 

2017 

2015 

2014 

$ 

 2,754,280    $ 

 2,668,528    $ 

 2,560,549    $ 

 2,381,696    $ 

 2,177,296  

Revenues 

Expenses: 

Cost of operations  
Depreciation and amortization  
General and administrative  
Interest expense  

Other increase (decrease) to net income: 

Interest and other income  
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated real 

estate entities  

Foreign currency exchange gain (loss) 
Casualty loss 
Gain on sale of real estate 
Gain due to Shurgard Europe public offering  

Net income  
Net income allocated to noncontrolling 

 739,722     
 483,646     
 118,720     
 32,542     
 1,374,630     

 707,978     
 454,526     
 82,882     
 12,690     
 1,258,076     

 669,083     
 433,314     
 83,656     
 4,210     
 1,190,263     

 635,502     
 426,008     
 88,177     
 610     
 1,150,297     

 613,324  
 437,114  
 71,459  
 6,781  
 1,128,678  

 26,442     

 18,771     

 15,138     

 16,544     

 17,638  

 103,495     
 18,117     
 -    
 37,903     
 151,616     
 1,717,223     

 75,655     
 (50,045)    
 (7,789)    
 1,421     
 -    
 1,448,465     

 56,756     
 17,570     
 -    
 689     
 -    
 1,460,439     

 50,937     
 306     
 -    
 18,503     
 -    
 1,317,689     

 88,267  
 (7,047) 
 - 
 2,479  
 - 
 1,149,955  

equity interests  

 (6,192)    

 (6,248)    

 (6,863)    

 (6,445)    

 (5,751) 

Net income allocable to Public Storage 

shareholders  

$ 

 1,711,031    $ 

 1,442,217    $ 

 1,453,576    $ 

 1,311,244    $ 

 1,144,204  

Per Common Share: 

Distributions  
Net income – Basic  
Net income – Diluted  

Weighted average common shares – 

$8.00    
$8.56    
$8.54    

$8.00    
$6.75    
$6.73    

$7.30    
$6.84    
$6.81    

$6.50    
$6.10    
$6.07    

$5.60 
$5.27 
$5.25 

Basic  

 173,969     

 173,613     

 173,091     

 172,699     

 172,251  

Weighted average common shares – 

Diluted  

 174,297     

 174,151     

 173,878     

 173,510     

 173,138  

Balance Sheet Data:  

Total assets  
Total debt  
Total preferred equity  
Public Storage shareholders’ equity  
Permanent noncontrolling interests’ 

equity  

Net cash flow: 

$   10,928,270    $   10,732,892    $   10,130,338    $ 
 390,749    $ 
$ 
 4,367,500    $ 
$ 
 9,411,910    $ 
$ 

 1,431,322    $ 
 4,025,000    $ 
 8,940,009    $ 

 1,412,283    $ 
 4,025,000    $ 
 9,119,478    $ 

 9,778,232    $ 
 319,016    $ 
 4,055,000    $ 
 9,170,641    $ 

 9,818,676  
 64,364  
 4,325,000  
 9,480,796  

$ 

 25,250    $ 

 24,360    $ 

 29,744    $ 

 26,997    $ 

 26,375  

Provided by operating activities  
Used in investing activities  
Used in financing activities  

 2,061,503    $ 
$ 
$ 
 (513,778)   $ 
$   (1,619,588)   $ 

24 

 1,603,542  
 1,975,679    $ 
 (739,854)   $ 
 (194,331) 
 (992,219)   $   (1,148,826)   $   (1,391,283)   $   (1,236,864) 

 1,748,279    $ 
 (456,135)   $ 

 1,945,336    $ 
 (699,111)   $ 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
 
   
     
     
     
     
   
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
   
     
     
     
     
 
   
     
     
      
      
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
 
   
     
     
     
     
 
   
     
     
     
     
 
   
     
     
     
     
   
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
 
   
     
     
     
     
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
   
     
     
     
     
   
     
     
     
     
 
   
     
     
     
     
   
     
     
     
     
 
ITEM 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (“MD&A”) should 

be read in conjunction with our financial statements and notes thereto. 

Critical Accounting Policies 

Our MD&A discusses our financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with United States 
(“U.S.”) generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”), and are affected by our judgments, assumptions and 
estimates.  The notes to our December 31, 2018 financial statements, primarily Note 2, summarize our significant 
accounting policies.  

We believe the following are our critical accounting policies, because they have a material impact on the 
portrayal of our financial condition and results, and they require us to make judgments and estimates about matters 
that are inherently uncertain. 

Income Tax Expense:  We have elected to be treated as a REIT, as defined in the Internal Revenue Code of 
1986, as amended (the “Code”).  As a REIT, we do not incur federal income tax on our REIT taxable income that is 
fully distributed each year (for this purpose, certain distributions paid in a subsequent year may be considered), and if 
we meet certain organizational and operational rules.  We believe we have met these REIT requirements for all periods 
presented herein.  Accordingly, we have recorded no federal income tax expense related to our REIT taxable income.  

Our evaluation that we have met the REIT requirements could be incorrect, because compliance with the tax 
rules requires factual determinations, and circumstances we have not identified could result in noncompliance with 
the tax requirements in current or prior years.  For any taxable  year that we fail to qualify as a REIT and for which 
applicable statutory relief provisions did not apply,  we  would be taxed at the regular corporate rates on all of our 
taxable income for at least that year and the ensuing four years, we could be subject to penalties and interest, and our 
net income would be materially different from the amounts estimated in our financial statements.    

In addition, certain of our consolidated corporate subsidiaries have elected to be treated as “taxable REIT 
subsidiaries”  for  federal  income  tax  purposes,  which  are  taxable  as  regular  corporations  and  subject  to  certain 
limitations  on  intercompany  transactions.    If  tax  authorities  determine  that  amounts  paid  by  our  taxable  REIT 
subsidiaries to us are not reasonable compared to similar arrangements among unrelated parties, we could be subject 
to a 100% penalty tax on the excess payments.  Such a penalty tax could have a material adverse impact on our net 
income. 

Impairment  of  Long-Lived  Assets:    The  analysis  of  impairment  of  our  long-lived  assets  involves 
identification of indicators of impairment, projections of future operating cash flows, and estimates of fair values, all 
of which require significant judgment and subjectivity.  Others could come to materially different conclu sions.  In 
addition, we may not have identified all current facts and circumstances that may affect impairment.  Any unidentified 
impairment loss, or change in conclusions, could have a material adverse impact on our net income.  

Accrual for Uncertain and Contingent Liabilities:   We accrue for certain contingent and other liabilities 
that  have  significant  uncertain  elements,  such  as  property  taxes,  workers  compensation  claims,  tenant  reinsurance 
claims, as well as other legal claims and disputes involving customers, employees, governmental agencies and other 
third parties.  We estimate such liabilities based upon many factors such as assumptions of past and future trends and 
our evaluation of likely outcomes.  However, the estimates of known liabilities could be incorrect or we may not be 
aware of all such liabilities, in which case our accrued liabilities and net income could be misstated.    

Accounting  for  Acquired  Real  Estate  Facilities:    We  estimate  the  fair  values  of  the  land,  buildings  and 
intangible  assets  acquired  for  purposes  of  allocating  the  purchase  price.    Such  estimates  are  based  upon  many 
assumptions and judgments, including (i) market rates of return and capitalization rates on real estate and intangible 
assets, (ii) building and material cost levels, (iii) comparisons of the acquired underlying land parcels to recent land 

25 

 
 
 
transactions,  and  (iv)  future  cash  flows  from  the  real  estate  and  the  existing  tenant  base.    Others  could  come  to 
materially  different  conclusions  as  to  the  estimated  fair  values,  which  would  result  in  different  depreciation  and 
amortization expense, gains and losses on sale of real estate assets, and real estate and intangible assets. 

Overview 

Our self-storage operations generate most of our net income, and we believe that our earnings growth is most 
impacted by the level of organic growth in our existing self-storage portfolio.  Accordingly, a significant portion of 
management’s time is devoted to maximizing cash flows from our existing self-storage facilities.   

Most of our facilities compete with other well-managed and well-located competitors and we are subject to 
general economic conditions, particularly those that affect the spending habits of consumers and moving trends.  We 
believe that our centralized information networks, national telephone and online reservation system, the brand name 
“Public Storage,” and our economies of scale enable us to meet such challenges effectively. 

In the last three years, there has been a marked increase in development of new self-storage facilities in many 
of the markets we operate in, due to the favorable economics of development which we have also taken advantage of.  
These newly developed facilities compete with many of the facilities we own, negatively impacting our occupancies, 
rental rates, and rental growth.  This increase in supply has been most notable in Atlanta, Austin, Charlotte, Chicago, 
Dallas, Denver, Houston, New York, and Portland.  

We plan on growing organically as well  as through the acquisition and development of new facilities and 
expanding our existing self-storage facilities.  Since the beginning of 2013 through December 31, 2018, we acquired 
a total of 296 facilities with 20.6 million net rentable square feet from third parties for approximately $2.7 billion, and 
we opened newly developed and expanded self-storage space for a total cost of $1.2 billion, adding approximately 
11.3 million net rentable square feet.   

Subsequent  to  December  31,  2018,  we  acquired  or  were  under  contract  to  acquire  (subject  to  customary 
closing  conditions)  14 self-storage  facilities  for  $102.4 million.    We  will  continue  to  seek  to  acquire  properties; 
however, there is significant competition to acquire existing facilities and there can be no assurance as to the level of 
facilities we may acquire.   

As of December 31, 2018, we had additional development and redevelopment projects to build approximately 
5.2 million net rentable square feet at a total cost of approximately $607.4 million.  We expect to continue to seek 
additional development projects; however, the level of such activity may be limited due to various constraints such as 
difficulty in finding available sites that meet our risk-adjusted yield expectations, as well as challenges in obtaining 
building permits for self-storage activities in certain municipalities.   

We believe that our development and redevelopment activities are beneficial to our business over the long 
run.  However, in the short run, such activities dilute our earnings due to the three to four year period that it takes  to 
fill up newly developed and redeveloped storage facilities and reach a stabilized level of cash flows offset by the cost 
of  capital  to  fund  the  cost,  combined  with  related  overhead  expenses  flowing  through  general  and  administrative 
expense.  We believe the level of dilution incurred in 2018 will continue at similar levels in 2019 and beyond, assuming 
realization of our current expectation of maintaining our current level of development for the foreseeable future.  

On  July  13,  2018,  we  received  a  cash  distribution  from  Shurgard  Self  Storage  SA  (“Shurgard  Europe”) 

totaling $145.4 million.   

On September 18, 2017, we  completed a public offering of $1.0 billion in aggregate principal amount of 
unsecured notes in two equal tranches (collectively, the “U.S. Dollar Notes”), one maturing in September 2022 bearing 
interest at 2.370%, and another maturing in September 2027 bearing interest at 3.094%.  This was our first public 
offering of debt, which should also serve to facilitate future offerings.   

26 

 
 
On October 15, 2018, Shurgard Europe completed an initial global offering (the “Offering”) of its common 
shares, and its shares commenced trading on Euronext Brussels under the “SHUR” symbol.  In the Offering, Shurgard 
Europe issued 25.0 million of its common shares to third parties at a price of €23 per share, for €575 million in gross 
proceeds.  The gross proceeds were used to repay short-term borrowings, invest in real estate assets, and for other 
corporate purposes.  Our equity interest, comprised of a direct and indirect pro-rata ownership interest in 31.3 million 
shares, decreased  from 49% to 35.2% as a result of the Offering.  While  we did not sell any of our shares  in  the 
Offering, we did record a gain on disposition in 2018 of $151.6 million, as if we had sold a proportionate share of our 
investment in Shurgard Europe.  See “Investment in Shurgard Europe” below for more information.   

On  October  18,  2018,  we  sold  our  property  in  West  London  to  Shurgard  Europe  for  $42.1  million  and 

recorded a related gain on sale of real estate of approximately $31.5 million.   

As  of  December  31,  2018,  our  capital  resources  over  the  next  year  are  expected  to  be  approximately 
$1.1 billion which exceeds our current planned capital needs over the next year of approximately $711.4 million.  Our 
capital  resources  include:  (i)  $361.2  million  of  cash  as  of  December  31,  2018,  (ii) $483.8 million  of  available 
borrowing capacity on our revolving line of credit, and (iii) approximately $200 million to $250 million of expected 
retained operating cash flow for the next twelve months.  Retained operating cash flow represents our expected cash 
flow provided by operating activities, less shareholder distributions and capital expenditures to maintain our real estate 
facilities.   

Our planned capital needs over the next year consist of (i) $322.1 million of remaining spend on our current 
development pipeline, (ii) $102.4 million in property acquisitions currently under contract, (iii) $285.0 million for the 
redemption of our Series Y Preferred Shares on March 28, 2019, and (iv) $1.9 million in principal repayments on 
existing debt.  Our capital needs may increase over the next year as we expect to add projects to our development 
pipeline and acquire additional properties.  In addition to other investment activities, we may also redeem outstanding 
preferred securities or repurchase shares of our common stock in the future.   

See  Liquidity  and  Capital  Resources  for  further  information  regarding  our  capital  requirements  and 

anticipated sources of capital to fund such requirements.   

Results of Operations  

Operating results for 2018 and 2017 

In 2018, net income allocable to our common shareholders was $1,488.9 million or $8.54 per diluted common 
share,  compared  to  $1,171.6  million  or  $6.73  per  diluted  common  share  in  2017  representing  an  increase  of 
$317.3 million or $1.81 per diluted common share.  The increase is due primarily to (i) $183.1 million in aggregate 
gains due to Shurgard Europe’s initial public offering and the sale of our facility in West London to Shurgard Europe, 
(ii) a $47.1 million increase in self-storage net operating income (described below), (iii) our $37.7 million equity share 
of gains recorded by PS Business Parks in 2018, (iv) a $68.2 million increase due to the impact of foreign currency 
exchange  gains  and  losses  associated  with  our  euro  denominated  debt,  (v)  a  $29.3  million  allocation  to  preferred 
shareholders associated with preferred share redemptions in 2017 and (vi) a $7.8 million casualty loss and $5.2 million 
in incremental tenant reinsurance losses related to Hurricanes Harvey and Irma in 2017.   These impacts were offset 
partially  by  a  $36.1  million  increase  in  general  and  administrative  expense  due  to  the  acceleration  of  share -based 
compensation expense accruals for our former CEO and CFO in 2018 as a result of their retirement on December 31, 
2018 and the reversal of share-based compensation accruals forfeited by retiring senior executive officers in 2017. 

The $47.1 million increase in self-storage net operating income is a result of a $15.6 million increase in our 
Same Store Facilities and $31.5 million increase in our Non Same  Store Facilities.  Revenues  for the  Same  Store 
Facilities increased 1.5% or $33.3 million in 2018 as compared to 2017, due primarily to higher realized annual rent 
per occupied square foot.  Cost of operations for the Same Store Facilities increased by 3.2% or $17.7 million in 2018 
as compared to 2017, due primarily to increased property taxes.  The increase in net operating income of $31.5 million 
for the Non Same Store Facilities is due primarily to the impact of 164 self-storage facilities acquired and developed 
since January 2016. 

27 

 
 
Operating results for 2017 and 2016 

In 2017, net income allocable to our common shareholders was $1,171.6 million or $6.73 per diluted common 
share, compared to $1,183.9 million or $6.81 per share in 2016 representing a decrease of $12.3 million or $0.08.  The 
decrease primarily reflects (i) a $67.6 million reduction due to the impact of foreign exchange translation gains and 
losses associated with our euro denominated debt, (ii) an $8.5 million increase in interest expense associated with 
higher  outstanding  debt  balances  and  (iii)  a  $7.8  million  casualty  loss  and  $5.2  million  in  incre mental  tenant 
reinsurance losses related to Hurricanes Harvey and Irma offset partially by (iv) a $66.9 million increase in self-storage 
net operating income (described below) and (v) an $18.9 million increase in our equity in earnings of unconsolidated 
real estate entities. 

The $66.9 million increase in self-storage net operating income is a result of a $46.2 million increase in our 
Same Store Facilities (as defined below) and a $20.7 million increase in our Non Same Store Facilities (as defined 
below).  Revenues for the Same Store Facilities increased 3.0% or $64.6 million in 2017 as compared to 2016, due 
primarily to higher realized annual rent per occupied square foot.  Cost of operations for the Same Store Facil ities 
increased by 3.4% or $18.3 million in 2017 as compared to 2016, due primarily to increased property taxes, advertising 
and selling expense and repairs and maintenance costs, offset partially by lower snow removal costs.  The increase in 
net operating income for the Non Same Store Facilities is due primarily to the impact of recently acquired, developed 
or expanded facilities. 

Funds from Operations and Core Funds from Operations 

Funds  from  Operations  (“FFO”)  and  FFO  per  share  are  non-GAAP  measures  defined  by  the  National 
Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts and are considered helpful measures of REIT performance by REITs 
and many REIT analysts.  FFO represents GAAP net income before depreciation and amortization, which is excluded 
because it is based upon historical costs and assumes that building values diminish ratably over time, while we believe 
that real estate values fluctuate due to market conditions.  FFO also excludes gains or losses on sale of real estate 
assets and real estate impairment charges, which are also based upon historical costs and are impacted by historical 
depreciation.  FFO and FFO per share are not a substitute for net income or earnings per share.  FFO is not a substitute 
for  GAAP  net  cash  flow  in  evaluating  our  liquidity  or  ability  to  pay  dividends,  because  it  excludes  investing  and 
financing activities presented on our statements of cash flows.  In addition, other REITs may compute these measures 
differently, so comparisons among REITs may not be helpful. 

For the year ended December 31, 2018, FFO was $10.45 per diluted common share, as compared to $9.70 
per diluted common share for each of the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, representing an increase in 2018 
of 7.7%, or $0.75 per diluted common share.

28 

 
 
The following tables reconcile diluted earnings per share to FFO per share and set forth the computation of 

FFO per share: 

Reconciliation of Diluted Earnings per Share to 

FFO per Share: 

Diluted Earnings per Share 

Eliminate amounts per share excluded from FFO: 

Depreciation and amortization 
Gains on sale of real estate investments and 

Shurgard Europe IPO, including our equity share 
from investments and other 

FFO per share 

Computation of FFO per Share: 

Year Ended December 31, 
2017 

2018 

2016 

$ 

 8.54 

 $ 

 6.73 

 $ 

 3.21 

 3.00 

 6.81 

 2.90 

 (1.30)  
 10.45 

 $ 

 (0.03)  
 9.70 

 $ 

 (0.01) 
 9.70 

$ 

Net income allocable to common shareholders 

$ 

 1,488,900 

 $ 

 1,171,609 

 $ 

 1,183,879 

Eliminate items excluded from FFO: 

Depreciation and amortization 
Depreciation from unconsolidated 

real estate investments 

Depreciation allocated to noncontrolling 

interests and restricted share unitholders 
Gains on sale of real estate investments and 

Shurgard Europe IPO, including our equity share 
from investments and other 
FFO allocable to common shares  

Diluted weighted average common shares  

FFO per share 

 483,646 

 454,526 

 433,314 

 79,868 

 71,931 

 74,407 

 (3,646) 

 (3,567) 

 (3,549) 

 (227,332) 
 1,821,436 

 174,297 
 10.45 

$ 

$ 

 (4,908) 
 1,689,591 

 174,151 
 9.70 

 $ 

 $ 

 (768) 
 1,687,283 

 173,878 
 9.70 

 $ 

 $ 

We also present “Core FFO per share,” a non-GAAP measure that represents FFO per share excluding the 
impact of (i) foreign currency exchange gains and losses, (ii) EITF D-42 charges related to the redemption of preferred 
securities, (iii) acceleration of accruals due to the retirement of our former CEO and CFO and reversals of accruals 
with respect to share-based awards forfeited by retiring senior executive officers, and (iv) certain other non-cash and/or 
nonrecurring income or expense items.  We review Core FFO per share to evaluate our ongoing operating performance 
and we believe it is used by investors and REIT analysts in a similar manner.  However, Core FFO per share is not a 
substitute for net income per share.  Because other REITs may not compute Core FFO per share in the same manner 
as we do, may not use the same terminology or may not present such a measure, Core FFO per share  may not be 
comparable among REITs.

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
The following table reconciles FFO per share to Core FFO per share: 

Year Ended December 31, 

Year Ended December 31, 

2018 

2017 

  Percentage  
  Change   

2017 

2016 

  Percentage 
  Change 

$ 

 10.45   $ 

 9.70 

7.7%   $ 

 9.70   $ 

 9.70 

0.0% 

FFO per share  
Eliminate the per share impact of items 
excluded from Core FFO, including 
our equity share from investments: 

Foreign currency exchange (gain) loss   
Application of EITF D-42 
Casualty losses and tenant claims  

 (0.10)   
 -    

 0.29 
 0.19 

due to hurricanes  

Shurgard Europe - IPO costs 

and casualty loss 

Acceleration (reversal) of share-based   

 -    

 0.07    

 0.03    

 -    

 0.29    
 0.19    

 (0.11)    
 0.17 

 0.07    

 -    

 - 

 - 

compensation expense due to 
executive officer retirement 

Other items 

Core FFO per share  

 0.18    
 -    

$ 

 10.56   $ 

 (0.03)   
 0.01 
 10.23 

 (0.03)   
 0.01    
 10.23   $ 

 - 
 0.03 
 9.79 

3.2%   $ 

4.5% 

Analysis of Net Income by Reportable Segment 

The  following  discussion  and  analysis  is  presented  and  organized  in  accordance  with  Note  11  to  our 
December  31,  2018  financial  statements,  “Segment  Information.”    Accordingly,  refer  to  the  tables  presented  in 
Note 11  in  order  to  reconcile  such  amounts  to  our  total  net  income  and  for  further  information  on  our  reportable 
segments. 

Self-Storage Operations 

Our  self-storage  operations  are  analyzed  in  two  groups:  (i)  the  2,046  facilities  that  we  have  owned  and 
operated on a stabilized basis since January 1, 2016 (the “Same Store Facilities”), and (ii) all other facilities, which 
are newly acquired, newly developed, recently redeveloped, or are otherwise not stabilized with respect to occupancies 
or  rental  rates  since  January  1,  2016  (the  “Non  Same  Store  Facilities”).    See  Note  11  to  our  December  31,  2018 
financial statements “Segment Information,” for a reconciliation of the amounts in the tables below to our total net 
income.  

30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
     
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
   
  
 
    
   
 
 
   
    
 
 
   
    
 
   
    
 
 
   
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
    
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Self-Storage Operations 
Summary 

Revenues: 

Same Store Facilities  
Non Same Store Facilities   

Cost of operations:  

Same Store Facilities  
Non Same Store Facilities  

Net operating income (a): 
Same Store Facilities  
Non Same Store Facilities  

Total net operating income  

Year Ended December 31, 

Year Ended December 31, 

2018 

2017 

 Percentage    
  Change   

2017 

2016 

 Percentage 
  Change 

$ 

 2,242,755   $ 
 354,852    
 2,597,607    

 2,209,427   
 303,006   
 2,512,433   

1.5%   $ 

17.1%    
3.4%    

 2,209,427   $ 
 303,006    
 2,512,433    

 2,144,872   
 260,956   
 2,405,828   

 579,520    
 116,211    
 695,731    

 561,774   
 95,859   
 657,633   

3.2%    
21.2%    
5.8%    

 561,774    
 95,859    
 657,633    

 543,426   
 74,479   
 617,905   

 1,663,235    
 238,641    
 1,901,876     

 1,647,653   
 207,147   
 1,854,800   

0.9%    
15.2%    
2.5%    

 1,647,653    
 207,147    
 1,854,800    

 1,601,446   
 186,477   
 1,787,923   

3.0% 
16.1% 
4.4% 

3.4% 
28.7% 
6.4% 

2.9% 
11.1% 
3.7% 

Depreciation and amortization expense: 

Same Store Facilities  
Non Same Store Facilities  
Total depreciation and  
amortization expense 

Net income: 

Same Store Facilities  
Non Same Store Facilities  

Total net income 

Number of facilities at period end: 

 (360,241)   
 (123,405)   

 (355,700)  
 (98,826)  

1.3%    
24.9%    

 (355,700)   
 (98,826)   

 (361,991)  
 (71,323)  

(1.7)% 
38.6% 

 (483,646)   

 (454,526)  

6.4%    

 (454,526)   

 (433,314)  

4.9% 

 1,302,994    
 115,236    
 1,418,230   $ 

 1,291,953   
 108,321   
 1,400,274   

$ 

0.9%    
6.4%    
1.3%   $ 

 1,291,953    
 108,321    
 1,400,274   $ 

 1,239,455   
 115,154   
 1,354,609   

4.2% 
(5.9)% 
3.4% 

Same Store Facilities  
Non Same Store Facilities  

 2,046    
 383    
Net rentable square footage at period end (in thousands): 
 131,180    
 30,867    

Same Store Facilities  
Non Same Store Facilities  

 2,046   
 341   

 -    
12.3%    

 2,046    
 341    

 2,046   
 291   

 - 
17.2% 

 131,180   
 26,982   

 -    
14.4%    

 131,180    
 26,982    

 131,180   
 22,155   

 - 
21.8% 

(a)  Net operating income or “NOI” is a non-GAAP financial measure that excludes the impact of depreciation and amortization 
expense, which is based upon historical real estate costs and assumes that building values diminish ratably over time, while 
we believe that real estate values fluctuate due to market conditions.  We utilize NOI in determining current property values, 
evaluating property performance, and in evaluating property operating trends.  We believe that investors and analysts utilize 
NOI in a similar manner.  NOI is not a substitute for net income, net operating cash flow, or other related GAAP financial 
measures,  in  evaluating  our  operating  results.    See  Note  11  to  our  December  31,  2018  financial  statements  for  a 
reconciliation of NOI to our total net income for all periods presented. 

Net operating income from our self-storage operations has increased 2.5% in 2018 as compared to 2017 and 
3.7% in 2017 as compared to 2016.  These increases are due to higher revenues in our Same Store Facilities, as well 
as the acquisition and development of new facilities and the fill-up of unstabilized facilities.   

31 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
     
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
    
  
    
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
  
    
    
  
 
 
 
  
   
  
    
 
   
  
 
 
 
 
   
  
    
   
  
 
 
 
   
  
    
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
  
    
    
  
 
   
  
    
    
  
 
 
 
 
    
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
Same Store Facilities 

The Same Store Facilities represent those facilities that have been owned and operated at a stabilized level 
of occupancy, revenues and cost of operations since January 1, 2016.  We review the operations of our Same Store 
Facilities, which excludes facilities whose operating trends are significantly affected by factors such as casualty events, 
as well as recently developed or acquired facilities, to more effectively evaluate the ongoing performance of our self-
storage portfolio in 2016, 2017, and 2018.  We believe the Same Store information is used by investors and REIT 
analysts in a similar manner.  The following table summarizes the historical operating results of these 2,046 facilities 
(131.2 million net rentable square feet) that represent approximately 81% of the aggregate net rentable square feet of 
our U.S. consolidated self-storage portfolio at December 31, 2018.  

Selected Operating Data for 
the Same Store Facilities 
(2,046 facilities) 

Revenues: 

Rental income  
Late charges and 

administrative fees 

Total revenues (a) 

Cost of operations: 
Property taxes 
On-site property manager 

payroll 

Supervisory payroll 
Repairs and maintenance  
Utilities  
Marketing 
Other direct property costs 
Allocated overhead 

Total cost of operations (a)  
Net operating income  
Depreciation and 

amortization expense 

Net income 

Gross margin (before 

Year Ended December 31, 

Year Ended December 31, 

2018 

2017 

 Percentage    
  Change   

2017 

2016 

 Percentage 
  Change 

$  2,144,330   $  2,111,164   

1.6%   $ 

 2,111,164   $ 

 2,046,606   

3.2% 

 98,425    
 2,242,755    

 98,263   
 2,209,427   

0.2%    
1.5%    

 98,263    
 2,209,427    

 98,266   
 2,144,872   

(0.0)% 
3.0% 

 210,637    

 200,005   

5.3%    

 200,005    

 192,400   

4.0% 

 109,713    
 35,275    
 46,200    
 41,075    
 30,771    
 59,096    
 46,753    
 579,520    
 1,663,235     

 108,477   
 38,175   
 46,447   
 39,477   
 28,679   
 56,975   
 43,539   
 561,774   
 1,647,653   

1.1%    
(7.6)%    
(0.5)%    
4.0%    
7.3%    
3.7%    
7.4%    
3.2%    
0.9%    

 108,477    
 38,175    
 46,447    
 39,477    
 28,679    
 56,975    
 43,539    
 561,774    
 1,647,653    

 107,461   
 37,123   
 44,346   
 39,769   
 26,025   
 54,822   
 41,480   
 543,426   
 1,601,446   

0.9% 
2.8% 
4.7% 
(0.7)% 
10.2% 
3.9% 
5.0% 
3.4% 
2.9% 

 (360,241)   

 (355,700)  
$  1,302,994   $  1,291,953   

1.3%    
0.9%   $ 

 (355,700)   
 1,291,953   $ 

 (361,991)  
 1,239,455   

(1.7)% 
4.2% 

and amortization expense) 

74.2%    

74.6%   

(0.5)%    

74.6%    

74.7%   

(0.1)% 

Weighted average for the period: 

Square foot occupancy  

93.2%    

93.8%   

(0.6)%    

93.8%    

94.6%   

(0.8)% 

Realized annual rental income per (b): 

Occupied square foot 
Available square foot 

$
$

 17.54   $
 16.35   $

 17.15   
 16.09   

2.3%   $ 
1.6%   $ 

 17.15   $ 
 16.09   $ 

 16.50   
 15.60   

3.9% 
3.1% 

At December 31: 

Square foot occupancy  
Annual contract rent per 

91.4%    

91.2%   

0.2%    

91.2%    

92.5%   

(1.4)% 

occupied square foot (c)  

$

 18.17   $

 17.94   

1.3%   $ 

 17.94   $ 

 17.40   

3.1% 

32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
  
 
 
 
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
    
  
     
    
  
   
    
 
      
    
 
 
 
 
 
   
  
    
   
  
 
 
   
    
 
      
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
    
 
      
    
 
 
 
 
    
 
      
    
 
 
 
  
  
    
   
  
 
 
  
  
    
   
  
 
 
   
  
    
   
  
 
 
    
 
      
    
 
 
(a)  Revenues and cost of operations do not include tenant reinsurance and merchandise sale revenues and expenses generated at 

the facilities.  See “Ancillary Operations” below for more information. 

(b)  Realized annual rent per occupied square foot is computed by dividing rental income, before late charges and administrative 
fees, by the weighted average occupied square feet for the period.  Realized annual rent per available square foot (“REVPAF”) 
is computed by dividing rental income, before late charges and administrative fees, by the total available net rentable squar e 
feet for the period.  These measures exclude late charges and administrative fees in order to provide a better measure of our 
ongoing level of revenue.  Late charges are dependent upon the level of delinquency and administrative fees are dependent 
upon the level of move-ins.  In addition, the rates charged for late charges and administrative fees can vary independently 
from rental rates.  These measures take into consideration promotional discounts, which reduce rental income.  

(c)  Annual contract rent represents the agreed upon monthly rate that is paid by our tenants in place at the time of measurement.   
Contract rates are initially set in the lease agreement upon move-in and we adjust them from time to time with notice.  Contract 
rent excludes other fees that are charged on a per-item basis, such as late charges and administrative fees, does not reflect the 
impact of promotional discounts, and does not reflect the impact of rents that are written off as uncollectible.    

Analysis of Same Store Revenue 

Revenues generated by our Same Store Facilities increased by  1.5% in 2018 as compared to 2017 and by 
3.0% in 2017 as compared to 2016, due primarily to increases in realized annual rent per occupied square foot of 2.3% 
and 3.9% in 2018 and 2017, respectively, as compared to the previous year.   

Same Store revenue growth on a year over year basis declined from 3.0% in 2017 to 1.5% in 2018, due to 
softness in demand in substantially all of our major markets, which has led to a lack of pricing power with respect  to 
new tenants.  We attribute some of this softness to local economic conditions and, in some  markets  most  notably 
Atlanta, Austin, Charlotte, Chicago, Dallas, Denver, Houston,  New York and Portland, increased supply of newly 
constructed self-storage facilities. 

Same Store weighted average square foot occupancy  remained strong at 93.2%, 93.8% and 94.6% during 

2018, 2017 and 2016.   

We believe that high occupancies help maximize our rental income.  We seek to maintain a weighted average 
square foot occupancy level of at least 90%, by regularly adjusting the rental rates and promotions offered to attract 
new tenants as well as adjusting our marketing efforts on the Internet and other channels in order to generate sufficient 
move-in volume to replace tenants that vacate. 

Increasing rental rates to existing tenants, generally on an annual basis, is a key component of our revenue 
growth.    We  determine  the  level  of  rental  increases  based upon  our  expectations  regarding  the  impact  of  existing 
tenant rate increases on incremental move-outs.  An important determinant of the level of rent increases is the number 
of long-term tenants that we have (generally, those that have been with us for at least a year).   

Annual contract rent per foot for customers moving in was $14.22, $14.65, and $14.66 in 2018, 2017, and 
2016, respectively, and the related square footage for the space they moved into was 98.7 million, 103.1 million, and 
107.9 million, respectively.  Annual contract rent per foot for customers moving out was $16.29, $16.09, and $15.66 
in 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively, and the related square footage for the space they moved out of was 98.4 million, 
104.8 million, and 108.4 million, respectively.     

Annual contract rent per foot for customers moving in was $13.68 and $14.17 for the three months ended 
December  31,  2018  and  2017,  respectively,  and  the  related  square  footage  for  the  space  they  moved  into  was 
23.3 million and 23.4 million, respectively.  Annual contract rent per foot for customers moving out was $16 .25 and 
$16.15 for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively, and the related square footage for the 
space they moved out of was 24.2 million and 26.0 million, respectively. 

We ended 2016 with aggregate annualized contract rents per occupied foot up 4.7% on a year over year basis.  

The year over year increase dropped to 3.1% at the end of 2017 and 1.3% at the end of 2018.   

33 

 
 
The decreases in year over year growth in annual contract rent from 4.7% at the end of 2016 to 3.1% at the 
end of 2017 and to 1.3% at the end of 2018 was due to increased rent “roll down” on tenants moving out relative to 
the rates of move-ins, particularly with respect to 2018 with reduced move-in rates.  However, in 2018, our customer 
trends resulted in fewer move-outs and an increased average length of stay.  The increased average length of stay 
contributed to an increased beneficial effect of rent increases to existing tenants in 2018 as compared to 2017 due to 
more long-term customers that were eligible for rate increases.  The extent to which these positive trends will continue 
in 2019 is uncertain at this time.   

In order to stimulate move-in volume, we often give promotional discounts, generally in the form of a “$1.00 
rent  for  the  first  month”  offer.    Promotional  discounts,  based  upon  the  move-in  contractual  rates  for  the  related 
promotional period, totaled $77.8 million, $82.4 million and $87.6 million for 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 
are recorded as a reduction to revenue.  The decreases in promotional discounts in 2017 and 2018 are due to reductions 
in the volume of move-ins as well as in the case of 2018, lower average move-in rates.  Promotional discounts totaled 
$19.8 million and $19.9 million for the three months ended December 31, 2018 and 2017, respectively.  

Demand is higher in the summer months than in the winter months and, as a result, rental rates charged to 
new tenants are typically higher in the summer months than in the winter months.  Demand fluctuates due to various 
local and regional factors, including the overall economy.  Demand into our system is also impacted by new supply 
of self-storage space as well as alternatives to self-storage.   

We  believe  rental  growth  in  2019  will  come  primarily  from  continued  annual  rent  increases  to  existing 
tenants.    Our  future  rental  growth  will  also  be  dependent  upon  many  factors  for  each  market  that  we  operate  in, 
including demand for self-storage space, the level of new supply of self-storage space and the average length of stay 
of our tenants.   

We believe that the current trends in move-in, move-out, in place contractual rents and occupancy levels are 
consistent with continued moderate revenue growth in 2019.  However, there can be no assurance of continued revenue 
growth,  because  current  trends,  when  viewed  in  the  short-run,  are  volatile  and  not  necessarily  predictive  of  our 
revenues  going  forward  because  they  are  subject  to  many  factors  which  cannot  be  predicted,  such  as  the  level  of 
consumer demand and competition from newly developed and existing facilities. 

We are taking a number of actions to improve demand into our system, including (i) increasing marke ting 
spend on the Internet, (ii) offering competitive rental rates and (iii) continuing to offer promotional discounts to new 
tenants.  Even if these actions are successful in improving demand into our system, in at least the near term, we believe 
these actions may have a negative impact on our revenue trends due to less growth in initial rental rates and increased 
promotional discounts. 

Analysis of Same Store Cost of Operations  

Cost of operations (excluding depreciation and amortization) increased 3.2% in 2018 as compared to 2017, 

and 3.4% in 2017 as compared to 2016, due primarily to increased property tax expense.   

Property tax expense increased 5.3% in 2018 as compared to 2017, and 4.0% in 2017 as compared to 2016, 
due primarily to higher assessed values.  We expect property tax expense growth of approximately 5.0% in 2019 due 
primarily to higher assessed values and, to a lesser extent, increased tax rates.  

On-site property manager payroll expense increased 1.1% in 2018 as compared to 2017 and 0.9% in 2017 as 
compared to 2016.   These increases  were due to higher  wage rates, offset partially by lower hours  worked.  We 
expect on-site property manager payroll expense to increase on an inflationary basis in 2019.  We have been impacted 
by a tight labor market across the country, as well as increases in minimum wages in certain jurisdictions, and expect 
additional impacts in 2019 as existing minimum wage increases become effective and new increases are enacted.   

Supervisory payroll expense, which represents compensation paid to the management personnel who directly 
and indirectly supervise the on-site property managers, decreased 7.6% in 2018 as compared to 2017 and increased 

34 

 
 
2.8% in 2017 as compared to 2016.  The decrease in 2018 is due to reductions in headcount offset by higher wage 
rates.  The increase in 2017 is due primarily to higher wage rates.  We expect inflationary increases in wage rates 
and increased headcount in 2019.   

Repairs and maintenance expense decreased 0.5% in 2018 as compared to 2017 and increased 4.7% in 2017 
as compared to 2016.  Repair and maintenance costs include snow removal expense totaling $3.5 million, $3.0 million 
and  $4.2  million  in  2018,  2017  and  2016,  respectively.    Excluding  snow  removal  costs,  repairs  and  maintenance 
decreased 1.7% in 2018 as compared to 2017 and increased 8.3% in 2017 as compared to 2016. 

Repairs and maintenance expense levels are dependent upon many factors such as weather conditions, which 
can impact repair and maintenance needs including snow removal, inflation in material and labor costs, and random 
events.    We  expect  inflationary  increases  in  repairs  and  maintenance  expense  in  2019,  excluding  snow  removal 
expense, which is primarily weather dependent and not predictable.   

Our utility expenses are comprised primarily of electricity costs, which are dependent upon energy prices 
and usage levels.  Changes in usage levels are driven primarily by weather and temperature.  Utility expense increased 
4.0% in 2018 as compared to 2017 and decreased 0.7% in 2017 as compared to 2016.  It is difficult to estimate future 
utility costs, because weather, temperature, and energy prices are volatile and not predictable.   

Marketing expense is comprised principally of Internet advertising, television advertising and the operating 
costs of our telephone reservation center.  Marketing expense varies based upon demand, occupancy levels, and other 
factors.  Television and Internet advertising, in particular, can increase or decrease significantly in the short-term.  
Marketing  expense  increased  7.3%  in  2018  as  compared  to  2017  and  10.2%  in  2017  as  compared  to  2016  due 
primarily  to  increased  Internet  marketing  expenditures.    We  expect  continued  increases  in  marketing  expense  in 
2019.  

Other  direct  property  costs  include  administrative  expenses  incurred  at  the  self-storage  facilities,  such  as 
property  insurance,  telephone  and  data  communication  lines,  business  license  costs,  bank  charges  related  to 
processing the facilities’ cash receipts, credit card fees, and the cost of operating each property’s rental office.  These 
costs increased 3.7% in 2018 as compared to 2017 and 3.9% in 2017 as compared to 2016.  These increases included 
higher credit card fees due to a higher proportion of collections being received from credit cards and higher revenues.  
The  increase  in  2018  also  includes  the  impact  of  upgraded  data  communication  lines.    We  expect  inflationary 
increases in other direct property costs in 2019.  

Allocated  overhead  represents  administrative  expenses  for  shared  general  corporate  functions,  which  are 
allocated to self-storage property operations to the extent their efforts are devoted to self-storage operations.  Such 
functions include information technology, human resources, operational accounting and finance, marketing, and costs 
of  senior  executives  (other  than  the  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer,  which  are  included  in 
general and administrative expense).  Allocated overhead increased 7.4% in 2018 as compared to 2017 and 5.0% in 
2017  as  compared  to  2016.    The  increases  in  both  periods  were  due  to  increased  headcount  and  information 
technology expenses.  We expect inflationary increases in allocated overhead in 2019.  

Analysis of Same Store Depreciation and Amortization 

Depreciation and amortization for Same Store Facilities increased 1.3% in 2018 as compared to 2017 and 

decreased 1.7% in 2017 as compared to 2016.  We expect modest increases in depreciation expense in 2019.   

The following table summarizes selected quarterly financial data with respect to the Same Store Facilities: 

35 

 
 
 
 
For the Quarter Ended 

March 31 

June 30 

September 30    December 31   

Entire Year 

(Amounts in thousands, except for per square foot amounts) 

Total revenues: 

2018 

2017 

2016 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 548,116   $ 

 558,216   $ 

 574,523   $ 

 561,900   $ 

 2,242,755 

 536,618   $ 

 549,676   $ 

 567,969   $ 

 555,164   $ 

 2,209,427 

 515,444   $ 

 531,654   $ 

 554,591   $ 

 543,183   $ 

 2,144,872 

Total cost of operations: 

2018 

2017 

2016 

Property taxes: 

2018 

2017 

2016 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

Repairs and maintenance: 

2018 

2017 

2016 

Marketing: 

2018 

2017 

2016 

REVPAF: 

2018 

2017 

2016 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 153,532   $ 

 150,688   $ 

 152,206    $ 

 123,094   $ 

 148,577   $ 

 146,857   $ 

 148,079   $ 

 118,261   $ 

 142,951   $ 

 139,335   $ 

 145,734   $ 

 115,406   $ 

 58,359   $ 

 55,831   $ 

 53,477   $ 

 59,138   $ 

 56,032   $ 

 53,674   $ 

 59,004   $ 

 55,822   $ 

 53,485   $ 

 34,136   $ 

 32,320   $ 

 31,764   $ 

 11,523   $ 

 11,684   $ 

 11,446   $ 

 11,593   $ 

 11,387   $ 

 10,672   $ 

 11,251   $ 

 11,407   $ 

 11,053   $ 

 11,833   $ 

 11,969   $ 

 11,175   $ 

 6,516   $ 

 6,792   $ 

 5,236   $ 

 15.97   $ 
 15.63   $ 
 14.98   $ 

 7,697   $ 

 8,127   $ 

 5,715   $ 

 16.31   $ 
 16.03   $ 
 15.49   $ 

 7,814   $ 

 6,966   $ 

 7,755   $ 

 16.75   $ 
 16.54   $ 
 16.12   $ 

 17.83   $ 

 17.49   $ 

 16.91   $ 

 8,744   $ 

 6,794   $ 

 7,319   $ 

 16.38   $ 
 16.17   $ 
 15.81   $ 

 17.68   $ 

 17.37   $ 

 16.85   $ 

Weighted average realized annual rent per occupied square foot: 

2018 

2017 

2016 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 17.30   $ 

 16.79   $ 

 15.99   $ 

 17.35   $ 

 16.95   $ 

 16.24   $ 

Weighted average occupancy levels for the period: 

2018 

2017 

2016 

92.3%  

93.1%  

93.7%  

94.0%  

94.6%  

95.4%  

94.0%  

94.6%  

95.4%  

92.6%  

93.1%  

93.7%  

36 

 579,520 

 561,774 

 543,426 

 210,637 

 200,005 

 192,400 

 46,200 

 46,447 

 44,346 

 30,771 

 28,679 

 26,025 

 16.35 

 16.09 

 15.60 

 17.54 

 17.15 

 16.50 

93.2% 

93.8% 

94.6% 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Analysis of Market Trends 

The following table sets forth selected market trends in our Same Store Facilities: 

Same Store Facilities Operating 
Trends by Market 

Year Ended December 31, 
2018 

2017 

 Change 

Year Ended December 31, 

2017 

2016 

 Change 

Market (number of facilities,  
square footage in millions) 

Revenues: 

Los Angeles (197, 13.4) 
San Francisco (124, 7.6) 
New York (82, 5.7) 
Seattle-Tacoma (81, 5.4) 
Washington DC (82, 5.1) 
Miami (73, 5.0) 
Chicago (129, 8.1) 
Atlanta (98, 6.4) 
Dallas-Ft. Worth (77, 4.9) 
Houston (70, 4.8) 
Philadelphia (57, 3.6) 
Orlando-Daytona (64, 4.0) 
West Palm Beach (38, 2.6) 
Tampa (47, 3.1) 
Portland (41, 2.2) 
All other markets (786, 49.3) 

Total revenues  

Net operating income: 

Los Angeles  
San Francisco  
New York  
Seattle-Tacoma  
Washington DC  
Miami  
Chicago  
Atlanta  
Dallas-Ft. Worth  
Houston  
Philadelphia  
Orlando-Daytona  
West Palm Beach  
Tampa 
Portland 
All other markets  

Total net operating income  

(Amounts in thousands, except for weighted average data) 

$ 

 339,037    $ 
 192,620     
 140,463     
 104,659     
 105,339     
 96,900     
 117,715     
 84,275     
 63,393     
 65,155     
 57,469     
 54,635     
 46,614     
 44,004     
 39,603     
 690,874     

 310,360    5.5% 
 181,141    3.9% 
 133,280    2.5% 
 98,538    4.3% 
 103,695    1.5% 
 94,239    1.6% 
 120,344    0.1% 
 80,275    2.8% 
 64,202    1.4% 
 65,771    (1.7)% 
 53,558    4.1% 
 50,074    5.2% 
 43,721    4.4% 
 41,590    4.6% 
 38,835    3.0% 
 665,249    2.7% 
$   2,242,755    $   2,209,427    1.5%   $   2,209,427    $   2,144,872    3.0% 

 327,326    3.6%   $ 
 188,139    2.4%    
 136,654    2.8%    
 102,810    1.8%    
 105,228    0.1%    
 95,726    1.2%    
 120,500    (2.3)%    
 82,534    2.1%    
 65,070    (2.6)%    
 64,639    0.8%    
 55,759    3.1%    
 52,700    3.7%    
 45,650    2.1%    
 43,484    1.2%    
 39,997    (1.0)%    
 683,211    1.1%    

 327,326    $ 
 188,139     
 136,654     
 102,810     
 105,228     
 95,726     
 120,500     
 82,534     
 65,070     
 64,639     
 55,759     
 52,700     
 45,650     
 43,484     
 39,997     
 683,211     

$ 

 280,907    $ 
 156,691     
 101,662     
 82,007     
 78,780     
 72,881     
 65,155     
 62,500     
 44,642     
 43,039     
 40,456     
 40,240     
 34,806    
 31,796     
 30,767    
 496,906     

 256,426    6.1% 
 147,851    4.0% 
 96,415    2.8% 
 78,465    3.6% 
 79,245    0.1% 
 71,558    1.0% 
 71,264    (1.1)% 
 59,713    2.3% 
 45,984    1.3% 
 44,432    (4.2)% 
 38,077    3.7% 
6.7% 
 36,517  
 32,649  
3.7% 
 30,146    4.8% 
 30,445    2.8% 
 482,259    2.4% 
$   1,663,235    $   1,647,653    0.9%   $   1,647,653    $   1,601,446    2.9% 

 272,106    3.2%   $ 
 153,787    1.9%    
 99,143    2.5%    
 81,271    0.9%    
 79,292    (0.6)%    
 72,307    0.8%    
 70,445    (7.5)%    
 61,110    2.3%    
 46,572    (4.1)%    
 42,546    1.2%    
 39,485    2.5%    
3.3%    
 38,951  
 33,868  
2.8%    
 31,591    0.6%    
 31,304    (1.7)%    
 493,875    0.6%    

 272,106    $ 
 153,787     
 99,143     
 81,271     
 79,292     
 72,307     
 70,445     
 61,110     
 46,572     
 42,546     
 39,485     
 38,951     
 33,868    
 31,591     
 31,304    
 493,875     

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
    
  
 
 
   
 
   
    
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Same Store Facilities Operating 
Trends by Market (Continued) 

Weighted average square foot  
  occupancy: 

Los Angeles  
San Francisco  
New York  
Seattle-Tacoma  
Washington DC  
Miami  
Chicago  
Atlanta  
Dallas-Ft. Worth  
Houston  
Philadelphia  
Orlando-Daytona  
West Palm Beach  
Tampa 
Portland 
All other markets  
Total weighted average 
square foot occupancy  

Realized annual rent per  
  occupied square foot: 

Los Angeles  
San Francisco  
New York  
Seattle-Tacoma  
Washington DC  
Miami  
Chicago  
Atlanta  
Dallas-Ft. Worth  
Houston  
Philadelphia  
Orlando-Daytona  
West Palm Beach  
Tampa 
Portland 
All other markets  
Total realized rent per 
occupied square foot 

Year Ended December 31, 

Year Ended December 31, 

2018 

2017 

 Change 

2017 

2016 

 Change 

95.2%     
94.5%     
94.3%     
93.2%     
92.4%     
92.7%     
90.3%     
93.2%     
91.7%     
90.8%     
94.8%     
94.4%     
94.1%     
93.0%     
94.1%     
93.1%     

95.7%    (0.5)%    
95.2%    (0.7)%    
94.3%    0.0%    
94.5%    (1.4)%    
92.7%    (0.3)%    
93.5%    (0.9)%    
91.2%    (1.0)%    
93.5%    (0.3)%    
93.3%    (1.7)%    
91.8%    (1.1)%    
94.6%    0.2%    
95.0%    (0.6)%    
94.9%    (0.8)%    
94.3%    (1.4)%    
95.3%    (1.3)%    
93.6%    (0.5)%    

95.7%     
95.2%     
94.3%     
94.5%     
92.7%     
93.5%     
91.2%     
93.5%     
93.3%     
91.8%     
94.6%     
95.0%     
94.9%     
94.3%     
95.3%     
93.6%     

96.0%    (0.3)% 
95.9%    (0.7)% 
94.6%    (0.3)% 
95.8%    (1.4)% 
93.2%    (0.5)% 
94.9%    (1.5)% 
92.3%    (1.2)% 
94.7%    (1.3)% 
95.0%    (1.8)% 
92.4%    (0.6)% 
94.5%    0.1% 
95.1%    (0.1)% 
95.5%    (0.6)% 
95.0%    (0.7)% 
96.6%    (1.3)% 
94.3%    (0.7)% 

93.2%     

93.8%    (0.6)%    

93.8%     

94.6%    (0.8)% 

$ 

 25.72    $ 
 26.15     
 25.17     
 20.03     
 21.41     
 19.77     
 15.33     
 13.19     
 13.34     
 14.32     
 16.10     
 13.88     
 18.59     
 14.25     
 18.70     
 14.27     

 24.67    4.3%   $ 
 25.30    3.4%    
 24.50    2.7%    
 19.39    3.3%    
 21.16    1.2%    
 19.36    2.1%    
 15.56    (1.5)%    
 12.89    2.3%    
 13.46    (0.9)%    
 14.06    1.8%    
 15.66    2.8%    
 13.31    4.3%    
 18.08    2.8%    
 13.90    2.5%    
 18.61    0.5%    
 14.03    1.7%    

 24.67    $ 
 25.30     
 24.50     
 19.39     
 21.16     
 19.36     
 15.56     
 12.89     
 13.46     
 14.06     
 15.66     
 13.31     
 18.08     
 13.90     
 18.61     
 14.03     

 23.29    5.9% 
 24.18    4.6% 
 23.80    2.9% 
 18.28    6.1% 
 20.69    2.3% 
 18.72    3.4% 
 15.33    1.5% 
 12.37    4.2% 
 13.07    3.0% 
 14.15    (0.6)% 
 15.04    4.1% 
 12.61    5.6% 
 17.16    5.4% 
 13.15    5.7% 
 17.81    4.5% 
 13.55    3.5% 

$ 

 17.54   $ 

 17.15  

2.3%   $ 

 17.15   $ 

 16.50  

3.9% 

38 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
    
  
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
    
  
 
 
 
Same Store Facilities Operating 
Trends by Market (Continued) 

$ 

REVPAF: 

Los Angeles  
San Francisco  
New York  
Seattle-Tacoma  
Washington DC  
Miami  
Chicago  
Atlanta  
Dallas-Ft. Worth  
Houston  
Philadelphia  
Orlando-Daytona  
West Palm Beach  
Tampa 
Portland 
All other markets  

Total REVPAF  

$ 

Year Ended December 31, 

Year Ended December 31, 

2018 

2017 

 Change 

2017 

2016 

 Change 

 24.48    $ 
 24.71     
 23.74     
 18.67     
 19.78     
 18.32     
 13.84     
 12.30     
 12.23     
 13.00     
 15.26     
 13.10     
 17.50     
 13.26     
 17.59     
 13.28     
 16.35   $ 

 23.60    3.7%   $ 
 24.10    2.5%    
 23.10    2.8%    
 18.31    2.0%    
 19.62    0.8%    
 18.10    1.2%    
 14.19    (2.5)%    
 12.06    2.0%    
 12.57    (2.7)%    
 12.91    0.7%    
 14.81    3.0%    
 12.65    3.6%    
 17.16    2.0%    
 13.11    1.1%    
 17.74    (0.8)%    
 13.13    1.1%    
 16.09  

1.6%   $ 

 23.60    $ 
 24.10     
 23.10     
 18.31     
 19.62     
 18.10     
 14.19     
 12.06     
 12.57     
 12.91     
 14.81     
 12.65     
 17.16     
 13.11     
 17.74     
 13.13     
 16.09   $ 

 22.36    5.5% 
 23.19    3.9% 
 22.51    2.6% 
 17.52    4.5% 
 19.28    1.8% 
 17.77    1.9% 
 14.16    0.2% 
 11.72    2.9% 
 12.41    1.3% 
 13.08    (1.3)% 
 14.21    4.2% 
 11.99    5.5% 
 16.39    4.7% 
 12.49    5.0% 
 17.19    3.2% 
 12.77    2.8% 
3.1% 
 15.60  

We believe that our geographic diversification and scale provide some insulation from localized economic 
effects and add to the stability of our cash flows.  It is difficult to predict localized trends in short -term self-storage 
demand and operating results.  Over the  long run, we believe that markets that experience population growth, high 
employment, and otherwise exhibit economic strength and consistency will outperform markets that do not exhibit 
these characteristics.   

Non Same Store Facilities 

The Non Same Store Facilities at December 31, 2018 represent 383 facilities that were not stabilized with 
respect to occupancies or rental rates since January 1, 2016, or that we did not own as of January 1, 2016.  As a result 
of the stabilization process and timing of when  facilities were acquired, developed, or redeveloped, year-over-year 
changes can be significant.   

The following table summarizes operating data with respect to the Non Same Store Facilities: 

39 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NON SAME STORE 
FACILITIES  

Year Ended December 31, 

2018 

2017 

  Change 

Year Ended December 31, 
2016 

  Change 

2017 

(Dollar amounts in thousands, except square foot amounts) 

Revenues (a): 

$ 

2018 acquisitions 
2017 acquisitions 
2016 acquisitions 
2016 - 2018 new developments   
2013 - 2015 new developments   
Other facilities (b) 

     Total revenues  

 5,167   $ 

 -   $ 

 5,167   $ 

 -   $ 

 28,704    
 39,166    
 37,625    
 26,725    
 217,465    
 354,852    

 5,577    
 36,336    
 17,391    
 24,910    
 218,792    
 303,006    

 23,127    
 2,830    
 20,234    
 1,815    
 (1,327)    
 51,846    

 5,577    
 36,336    
 17,391    
 24,910    
 218,792    
 303,006    

 -   $ 
 -    
 18,174    
 2,885    
 20,520    
 219,377    
 260,956    

 - 
 5,577 
 18,162 
 14,506 
 4,390 
 (585) 
 42,050 

Cost of operations (a):  
2018 acquisitions 
2017 acquisitions 
2016 acquisitions 
2016 - 2018 new developments   
2013 - 2015 new developments   
Other facilities (b) 

     Total cost of operations  

Net operating income: 
2018 acquisitions 
2017 acquisitions 
2016 acquisitions 
2016 - 2018 new developments   
2013 - 2015 new developments   
Other facilities (b) 
     Net operating income  
Depreciation and 

 2,141     
 9,669    
 13,523    
 22,120    
 8,031    
 60,727    
 116,211    

 -     
 2,006    
 13,693    
 11,433    
 8,093    
 60,634    
 95,859    

 2,141    
 7,663    
 (170)    
 10,687    
 (62)    
 93    
 20,352    

 -    
 2,006    
 13,693    
 11,433    
 8,093    
 60,634    
 95,859    

 -    
 -    
 6,455    
 3,146    
 7,786    
 57,092    
 74,479    

 -     
 3,026     
 3,571    
 19,035    
 22,643    
 25,643    
 5,958    
 15,505    
 16,817    
 18,694    
 156,738    
 158,158    
 238,641       207,147     

 3,026    
 15,464    
 3,000    
 9,547    
 1,877    
 (1,420)    
 31,494    

 -    
 3,571    
 22,643    
 5,958    
 16,817    
 158,158    
 207,147    

 -    
 -    
 11,719    
 (261)   
 12,734    
 162,285    
 186,477    

 - 
 2,006 
 7,238 
 8,287 
 307 
 3,542 
 21,380 

 - 
 3,571 
 10,924 
 6,219 
 4,083 
 (4,127) 
 20,670 

amortization expense 
Net income 

At December 31: 

Square foot occupancy: 

 (123,405)   
 115,236   $  108,321   $ 

 (98,826)   

$ 

 (24,579)    

 (98,826)   

 (71,323)   

 6,915   $   108,321   $   115,154   $ 

 (27,503) 
 (6,833) 

2018 acquisitions 
2017 acquisitions 
2016 acquisitions 
2016 - 2018 new developments   
2013 - 2015 new developments   
Other facilities (b) 

Annual contract rent per 
occupied square foot: 
2018 acquisitions 
2017 acquisitions 
2016 acquisitions 
2016 - 2018 new developments   
2013 - 2015 new developments   
Other facilities (b) 

$ 

$ 

79.6%    
90.9%    
87.5%    
63.5%    
89.9%    
83.0%    
80.5%    

 -    
87.2%    
85.9%    
52.3%    
88.9%    
82.9%    
79.3%    

 -    
4.2%    
1.9%    
21.4%    
1.1%    
0.1%    
1.5%    

 -    
87.2%    
85.9%    
52.3%    
88.9%    
82.9%    
79.3%    

 -    
 -    
82.9%    
34.6%    
86.2%    
88.8%    
82.3%    

 11.10   $ 
 14.81    
 10.42    
 11.87    
 15.65    
 16.95    
 14.62   $ 

 -    
 14.60    
 10.23    
 12.11    
 14.94    
 17.12    
 15.08    

 -   $ 

1.4%    
1.9%    
(2.0)%    
4.8%    
(1.0)%    
(3.1)%   $ 

 -   $ 

 14.60    
 10.23    
 12.11    
 14.94    
 17.12    
 15.08   $ 

 -    
 -    
 9.99    
 12.65    
 13.90    
 16.90    
 15.18    

 - 
 - 
3.6% 
51.2% 
3.1% 
(6.6)% 
(3.6)% 

 - 
 - 
2.4% 
(4.3)% 
7.5% 
1.3% 
(0.7)% 

40 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
  
 
 
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
  
 
 
 
  
 
    
  
      
    
  
 
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
   
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
     
   
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
NON SAME STORE 
FACILITIES (Continued)  

Year Ended December 31, 

2018 

2017 

  Change 

Year Ended December 31, 
2016 

  Change 

2017 

Number of facilities: 
2018 acquisitions 
2017 acquisitions 
2016 acquisitions 
2016 - 2018 new developments   
2013 - 2015 new developments   
Other facilities (b) 

 25    
 34    
 55    
 50    
 20    
 199    
 383    

 -    
 34    
 55    
 32    
 20    
 200    
 341    

 25    
 -    
 -    
 18    
 -    
 (1)    
 42    

 -    
 34    
 55    
 32    
 20    
 200    
 341    

 -    
 -    
 55    
 16    
 20    
 200    
 291    

Net rentable square feet (in thousands): 

2018 acquisitions 
2017 acquisitions 
2016 acquisitions 
2016 - 2018 new developments   
2013 - 2015 new developments   
Other facilities (b) 

 1,629 
 2,114 
 4,247 
 6,135 
 1,877 
 14,865 
 30,867 

 - 
 2,114 
 4,177 
 4,181 
 1,877 
 14,633 
 26,982 

 1,629    
 -    
 70    
 1,954    
 -    
 232    
 3,885    

 - 
 2,114 
 4,177 
 4,181 
 1,877 
 14,633 
 26,982 

 - 
 - 
 4,121 
 2,141 
 1,877 
 14,016 
 22,155 

 - 
 34 
 - 
 16 
 - 
 - 
 50 

 - 
 2,114 
 56 
 2,040 
 - 
 617 
 4,827 

As of  
December 31, 
2018 

Costs to acquire or develop: 

$ 

2018 acquisitions 
2017 acquisitions (c) 
2016 acquisitions 
2016 - 2018 new developments   
2013 - 2015 new developments   
Other facilities (b) 

$ 

 181,020 
 291,329 
 429,123 
 753,262 
 188,049 
 - 
 1,842,783 

41 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
    
  
      
    
  
 
 
   
    
  
      
    
  
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
     
    
  
 
   
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
     
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
    
    
    
    
 
 
  
    
    
    
    
 
 
  
    
    
    
    
 
  
    
    
    
    
 
 
  
    
    
    
    
 
 
  
    
    
    
    
 
  
    
    
    
    
 
  
    
    
    
    
 
 
  
    
    
    
    
 
 
  
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
  
    
    
    
    
 
(a)  Revenues and cost of operations do not include tenant reinsurance and merchandise sale revenues and expenses 

generated at the facilities.  See “Ancillary Operations” below for more information. 

(b)  The “Other facilities” noted above include other self-storage facilities that are not stabilized in 2016, 2017, or 2018 
due  primarily  to  either  completed  or  in-process  redevelopment  activities,  as  well  as  casualty  events  which 
significantly impacted the operating results.  It includes facilities where we recently expanded their square footage 
at a cost of $249.7 million, as well as facilities in the process of redevelopment where we demolished  596,000 net 
rentable square feet of storage space.  Such expansion costs are not included in “costs to acquire or develop” as it 
would not be meaningful or consistent with the amounts for the acquired and newly developed facilities. 

(c)  Acquisition costs includes i) $149.8 million paid for 22 facilities acquired from third parties, ii) $135.5 million cash 
paid for the remaining 74.25% interest we did not own in 12 stabilized properties owned by a legacy institutional 
partnership  and  iii)  the  $6.3  million  historical  book  value  of  our  existing  investment  in  the  legacy  institutional 
partnership. 

The facilities included above under “2017 acquisitions” include 22 facilities acquired from third parties and 
12 stabilized facilities previously owned by a legacy institutional partnership that we began consolidating effective 
December 31, 2017.   

The facilities included above under “2016 acquisitions”, “2017 acquisitions”, and “2018 acquisitions” have 
an  aggregate  of  approximately  8.0  million  net  rentable  square  feet,  including  1.3  million  in  Ohio,  1.1  million  in 
Oklahoma, 0.8 million in Texas, 0.7 million in Florida, 0.5 million in each of Minnesota, Tennessee, and Kentucky, 
and 2.6 million in other states. 

The facilities included above under “2013 – 2015 new developments” and “2016 – 2018 new developments” 
have an aggregate of approximately 8.0 million net rentable square feet, including 3.7 million in Texas, 1.2 million in 
California, 0.7 million each in Colorado and Florida, 0.4 million in Washington, and 1.3 million in other states. 

The facilities included above under “Other facilities” have an aggregate of 14.9 million net rentable square 
feet,  including  4.4  million  in  Texas,  2.7  million  in  California,  2.0  million  in  Florida,  0.9  million  in  Colorado, 
0.8 million in South Carolina, 0.6 million each in New York and Washington, and 2.9 million in other states. 

For  the  year  ended  December  31,  2018,  the  weighted  average  annualized  yield  on  cost,  based  upon  net 
operating income, for i) the facilities acquired in 2016 was 6.0% and ii) the 22 facilities acquired in 2017 from third 
parties for $149.8 million was 5.4%.  The yield for the other facilities acquired are not meaningful due to our limited 
ownership period in the case of facilities acquired in 2018 and our preexisting ownership interest in and management 
of the 12 stabilized facilities owned by a legacy institutional partnership.   

We  believe  that  our  management  and  operating  infrastructure  allows  us  to  generate  higher  net  operating 
income from newly acquired facilities than was achieved by the previous owners.  However, it can take 24 or more 
months for us to fully achieve the higher net operating income, and the ultimate levels of net operating income to be 
achieved can be affected by changes in general economic conditions.  As a result, there can be no assurance that we 
will achieve our expectations with respect to these newly acquired facilities.   

Net operating income  with respect to the “Other facilities” declined $1.4 million  in 2018 as compared to 
2017 and $4.1 million in 2017 as compared to 2016.  Such decreases are primarily due to the demolishment of 834,000 
net rentable square feet of storage space due to expansion activities, offset partially by increased net operating income 
with respect to facilities where expansion activities are complete and the added space is filling up.  Our current pipeline 
of $354.0 million in redevelopment projects will result in the demolishment of an additional 86,000 net rentable square 
feet of space, and the build of an additional 3.5 million net rentable square feet of storage space. 

Since the beginning of 2013, we have opened newly developed facilities with a total cost of $941.3 million 
and  redeveloped  existing  facilities,  expanding  their  square  footage,  for  a  total  cost  of  $294.4  million.    The  newly 
developed  facilities  are  included  in  “Developed  facilities”  and  the  redeveloped  facilities  are  included  in  “Other 
facilities” in the table above.  We believe that our development and redevelopment activities are beneficial to our 
business over the long run.  However, in the short run, such activities dilute our earnings due to the three to four year 

42 

 
 
period that it takes to fill up newly developed and redeveloped storage facilities and reach a stabilized level of cash 
flows offset by the cost of capital to fund the cost, combined with related overhead expenses flowing through general 
and administrative expense.  We believe the level of dilution incurred in 2018 will continue at similar levels in 2019 
and beyond, assuming realization of our current expectation of maintaining our current level of development for the  
foreseeable future.   

We expect the Non Same Store Facilities to continue to provide increased net operating income in 201 9 as 
these  facilities approach stabilized occupancy levels and the earnings of the 2018 acquisitions are reflected in our 
operations for a longer period in 2019 as compared to 2018.   

We also expect to increase the number and net rentable square feet of Non Same Store Facilities through 

development of new self-storage facilities, redevelopment of existing facilities and acquisitions of facilities.   

As of December 31, 2018, we had development and redevelopment projects which will add approximately 
5.2 million net rentable square feet of storage space at a total cost of approximately $607.4 million.  Some of these 
projects are subject to significant contingencies such as entitlement approval.  We expect to continue to seek additional 
development projects; however, the level of future development may be limited due to various constraints such as 
difficulty  in  finding  projects  that  meet  our  risk-adjusted  yield  expectations  and  challenges  in  obtaining  building 
permits for self-storage activities in certain municipalities.   

Subsequent  to  December  31,  2018,  we  acquired  or  were  under  contract  to  acquire  (subject  to  customary 
closing  conditions)  14  self-storage  facilities  for  $102.4 million.    We  will  continue  to  seek  to  acquire  properties; 
however, there is significant competition to acquire existing facilities and therefore the dollar value of acquisitions is 
unpredictable.   

Depreciation  and  amortization  with  respect  to  the  Non  Same  Store  Facilities  totaled  $123.4  million, 
$98.8 million and $71.3 million in 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  These amounts include i) depreciation of the 
buildings  acquired  or  developed,  which  is  recorded  generally  on  a  straight  line  basis,  and  ii) amortization  of  cost 
allocated to the tenants in place upon acquisition of a facility, which is recorded based upon the benefit of such existing 
tenants to each period and thus is highest when the facility is first acquired and declines as such tenants vacate.  With 
respect  to  Non  Same  Store  Facilities  owned  at  December  31, 2018, depreciation of  buildings  and  amortization  of 
tenant  intangibles  is  expected  to  total $107.4  million  and  $8.7  million,  respectively,  in  2019.    The  level  of  future 
depreciation  and  amortization  will  also  depend  upon  the  level  of  acquisitions  of  facilities  and  the  level  of  newly 
developed storage space. 

Ancillary Operations 

Ancillary revenues and expenses include amounts associated with the reinsurance of policies against losses 
to goods stored by tenants in our self-storage  facilities in the U.S. and the sale of  merchandise at our self-storage 
facilities.  The following table sets forth our ancillary operations:

43 

 
 
Year Ended December 31, 
2017 

  Change 

2018 

Year Ended December 31, 
2016 

  Change 

2017 

Revenues: 

Tenant reinsurance premiums   $   125,575   $   122,852   $ 
 33,243     
Merchandise  
 156,095    

 31,098     
 156,673    

Total revenues  

 2,723   $ 
 (2,145)     
 578    

 122,852  $ 
 33,243    
 156,095    

 118,911   $ 
 35,810    
 154,721    

 3,941 
 (2,567) 
 1,374 

Cost of Operations: 

Tenant reinsurance  
Merchandise  

Total cost of operations  

Net income 

Tenant reinsurance  
Merchandise  

 25,646     
 18,345     
 43,991    

 30,554     
 19,791     
 50,345    

 (4,908)     
 (1,446)     
 (6,354)    

 30,554    
 19,791    
 50,345    

 29,145     
 22,033    
 51,178    

 1,409 
 (2,242) 
 (833) 

 99,929    
 12,753    

 92,298    
 13,452    

 7,631    
 (699)    

 92,298    
 13,452    

 89,766    
 13,777    

 2,532 
 (325) 

Total net income 

$   112,682   $   105,750   $ 

 6,932   $ 

 105,750  $ 

 103,543   $ 

 2,207 

Tenant reinsurance operations: Our customers have the option of purchasing insurance from a non-affiliated 
insurance  company  to  cover  certain  losses  to  their  goods  stored  at  our  facilities.    A  wholly-owned,  consolidated 
subsidiary of Public Storage fully reinsures such policies, and thereby assumes all risk of losses under these policies 
from the insurance company.  The subsidiary receives reinsurance premiums, substantially equal to the premiums 
collected from our tenants, from  the  non-affiliated insurance company.  Such reinsurance premiums are shown as 
“Tenant reinsurance premiums” in the above table.   

The subsidiary pays a fee to Public Storage to assist with the administration of the program and to allow the 
insurance to be marketed to our tenants.  This fee represents a substantial amount of the reinsurance premiums received 
by our subsidiary.  The fee is eliminated in consolidation and is therefore not shown in the above table.   

Tenant  reinsurance  revenue  increased  from  $118.9  million  in  2016  to  $122.9 million  in  2017,  and  to 
$125.6 million in 2018, due primarily to an increase in our tenant base due to newly acquired and developed facilities.  

Tenant insurance revenues include $103.6 million, $103.9 million and $102.9 million for 2018, 2017 and 

2016, respectively, for the Same Store Facilities. 

We expect future growth will come primarily from customers of newly acquired and developed facilities, as 

well as additional tenants at our existing unstabilized self-storage facilities.  

Cost of operations primarily includes claims paid that are not covered by our outside third-party insurers, as 
well as claims adjustment expenses.  Claims expenses vary based upon the level of insured tenants, and the level of 
events  affecting  claims  at  particular  properties  (such  as  burglary)  as  well  as  catastrophic  weather  events  affecting 
multiple properties such as hurricanes and floods.  Cost of operations  were $29.1 million in 2016, $30.6 million in 
2017, and $25.6 million in 2018.  Amounts for 2016 includes flooding in Houston and South Carolina, while claims 
cost for 2017 includes the impact of Hurricanes Harvey and Irma.   

Merchandise sales: We sell locks, boxes, and packing supplies at our self-storage facilities and the level of 
sales  of  these  items  is  primarily  impacted  by  the  level  of  move-ins  and  other  customer  traffic  at  our  self-storage 
facilities.  We do not expect any significant changes in revenues or profitability from our merchandise sales in 2019.  

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
     
     
     
    
     
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
   
    
 
 
    
    
    
   
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
   
    
 
 
    
    
    
   
    
 
 
 
 
 
   
    
    
   
    
 
 
 
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated real estate entities 

At December 31, 2018, we have equity investments in PSB and Shurgard Europe, which we account for on 
the equity method and record our pro-rata share of the net income of these entities for each period.   The following 
table, and the discussion below, sets forth the significant components of our equity in earnings of unconsolidated real 
estate entities: 

Year Ended December 31, 
2017 

  Change 

2018 

Year Ended December 31, 
2016 

  Change 

2017 

Equity in earnings: 

PSB  
Shurgard Europe   
Legacy Institutional  
Partnership (a)   
Total equity in earnings  

  $ 

 89,362    $ 
 14,133      

 46,544    $ 
 25,948      

 42,818   $ 
 (11,815)     

 46,544    $ 
 25,948      

 31,707    $ 
 22,324      

 14,837 
 3,624 

 -      
 103,495    $ 

 3,163      
 75,655    $ 

 (3,163)     
 27,840   $ 

 3,163      
 75,655    $ 

 2,725      
 56,756    $ 

 438 
 18,899 

  $ 

(a)  This represents our equity earnings in a legacy institutional partnership.  On December 31, 2017, we 
acquired the 74.25% interest that we did not own in this partnership for $135.5 million.  As a result, no 
further equity earnings will be recorded.   

Investment in PSB: At December 31, 2018 and 2017, we had approximately a 42% common equity interest 
in PS Business Parks, Inc. (“PSB”), comprised of our ownership of 7,158,354 shares of PSB’s common stock and 
7,305,355 limited partnership units in an operating partnership controlled by PSB.  The limited partnership units are 
convertible at our option, subject to certain conditions, on a one-for-one basis into PSB common stock.   

At December 31, 2018, PSB wholly-owned approximately 28.2 million rentable square feet of commercial 
space and had a 95% interest in a 395-unit apartment complex.  PSB also manages commercial space that we own 
pursuant to property management agreements.  

Equity in earnings from PSB  totaled $89.4 million, $46.5 million, and $31.7 million  for 2018, 2017, and 
2016,  respectively.    Included  in  these  amounts  are  i)  our  equity  share  of  gains  on  sale  of  real  estate  totaling 
$37.7 million  and  $3.1  million  for  2018  and  2017,  respectively,  and  ii)  our  equity  share  of  preferred  redemption 
charges totaling $4.5 million and $3.1 million for 2017 and 2016, respectively.   

Equity  in  earnings  from  PSB,  excluding  the  aforementioned  real  estate  gains  and  preferred  redemption 
charges, increased $3.7 million in 2018 as compared to 2017 and $13.2 million in 2017 as compared to 2016.  The 
increases in both years reflects improved property operations and, in the case of 2017, lower levels of interest expense 
and  preferred  distributions.    See  Note 4  to  our  December  31,  2018  financial  statements  for  selected  financial 
information on PSB, as well as PSB’s filings and selected financial information that can be accessed through the SEC, 
and on PSB’s website, www.psbusinessparks.com. 

Investment in Shurgard Europe: At December 31, 2018, we have a 35.2% equity share in Shurgard Europe’s 

net income, comprised of a direct and indirect pro-rata ownership interest in 31.3 million shares.   

On July 13, 2018, Shurgard Europe paid a cash distribution totaling $296.7 million, of which we received 
our 49% equity share totaling $145.4 million.   On October 15, 2018, Shurgard Europe completed an initial global 
offering (the “Offering”), and its shares commenced trading on Euronext Brussels under the “SHUR” symbol.  In the 
Offering, Shurgard Europe issued 25.0 million of its common shares to third parties at a price of €23 per share, for an 
aggregate of €575 million in gross proceeds.  Our ownership interest was reduced from 49% to 35.2% as a result of 
the Offering.  While we did not sell any shares in the offering, and have no current plans to do so, we recorded a gain 
on disposition in 2018 totaling $151.6 million as if we had sold a proportionate share of our investment in Shurgard 
Europe.  

45 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
    
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
At December 31, 2018, Shurgard Europe’s operations  are comprised of  232 wholly-owned facilities  with 
13 million net rentable square feet.  See Note 4 to our December 31, 2018 financial statements for selected financial 
information on Shurgard Europe for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016.  As described in more detail 
in Note 4 we receive trademark license fees from Shurgard Europe.  Shurgard Europe’s public filings and publicly 
reported  information  can  be  obtained  on  its  website,  https://corporate.shurgard.eu  and  on  the  website  of  the 
Luxembourg Stock Exchange, http://www.bourse.lu. 

Our equity in earnings  from  Shurgard Europe  totaled $14.1  million, $25.9 million, and  $22.3 million  for 
2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.  An aggregate reduction of $5.2 million is reflected in our equity in earnings in 
2018 for a casualty loss related to a fire at one of Shurgard’s facilities and the costs of the Offering.  Equity in earnings 
from Shurgard Europe, excluding the aforementioned casualty loss and Offering costs, decreased $6.6 million from 
2017 to 2018, and increased $3.6 million from 2016 to 2017.  The decrease in 2018 is due to a $6.9 million increase 
in our equity share of depreciation expense and a reduced average equity ownership interest during the year due to the 
Offering.  The increase in 2017 is due primarily to improved property operations, offset partially by increased tax 
expense.      

In 2018, Shurgard Europe acquired eight self-storage facilities from third parties (five in Sweden and three 
in the United Kingdom) for an aggregate of $114.5 million.  On October 18, 2018, Shurgard acquired our wholly-
owned property in West London for $42.1 million in cash.  In 2018, Shurgard Europe opened two newly developed 
facilities, one each in Sweden and Germany at an aggregate total cost  of $19.6 million.  In 2017, Shurgard Europe 
opened  two  newly  developed  facilities  in  the  United  Kingdom  with  an  aggregate  total  cost  of  $28.8  million  and 
acquired a property in France for $15.5 million.  In 2016, Shurgard Europe opened a newly developed facility in the 
United Kingdom with a total cost of $12.9 million.  

Unlike  our  operations  in  the  U.S.,  Shurgard  Europe  operates  through  taxable  corporations  in  each  of  the 

countries in which it does business and incurs tax expense.     

We expect a reduction in ongoing equity earnings from Shurgard Europe in 2019 due to the extent to which 
offering proceeds are not immediately utilized to repay debt or invest in real estate assets.  Shurgard Europe also 
expects to begin distributing a substantial portion of its earnings to its shareholders, which will result in reduced cash 
available to reinvest in real estate.  Our future earnings from Shurgard Europe will also be affected by (i) the operating 
results of its existing facilities, (ii) the level of development and acquisition activities, (iii) income tax rates, and (iv) 
the exchange rate between the U.S. Dollar and currencies  in the countries in  which Shurgard Europe conducts its 
business (principally the Euro). 

For purposes of recording our equity in earnings from Shurgard Europe, the Euro was translated at exchange 
rates of approximately 1.144 U.S. Dollars per Euro at December 31, 2018 (1.198 at December 31, 2017), and average 
exchange rates of 1.181 for 2018, 1.129 for 2017 and 1.107 for 2016. 

46 

 
 
 
 
Analysis of items not allocated to segments 

General and administrative expense: The following table sets forth our general and administrative expense:  

Year Ended December 31, 
2017 

2018 

  Change   

Year Ended December 31, 
2016 

  Change 

2017 

  $ 

Share-based compensation expense  
Costs of senior executives  
Development and acquisition costs 
Tax compliance costs and taxes paid     
Legal costs  
Public company costs  
Other costs  

 71,031   $   37,548   $   33,483   $   37,548   $   37,483   $ 
 (1,050)    
 (2,752)    
 643    
 1,239    
 567    
 3,708    

 6,052    
 9,721    
 3,859    
 7,305    
 3,768    
 15,468    

 5,872    
 8,193    
 4,795    
 6,995    
 4,145    
 15,334    

 4,822    
 5,441    
 5,438    
 8,234    
 4,712    
 19,042    

 5,872    
 8,193    
 4,795    
 6,995    
 4,145    
 15,334    

Total  

  $   118,720   $   82,882   $   35,838   $   82,882   $   83,656   $ 

 65 
 (180) 
 (1,528) 
 936 
 (310) 
 377 
 (134) 
 (774) 

Share-based  compensation  expense  includes  the  amortization  of  restricted  share  units  and  stock  options 
granted to employees and trustees, as well as related employer taxes.  Share-based compensation expense varies based 
upon  the  level  of  grants  and  their  related  vesting  and  amortization  periods,  forfeitures,  as  well  as  the  Company’s 
common share price on the date of grant.   

In  February  2018,  we  announced  that  Ron  Havner,  our  CEO  and  John  Reyes,  our  CFO  at  the  time  were 
retiring from their executive roles at the end of 2018 and would serve only as Trustees of the Company.  Pursuant to 
our share-based compensation plans, their unvested grants will continue to vest over the original vesting periods during 
their service as Trustees.  For financial reporting, the end of the service periods for previous stock option and RSU 
grants for these executives have changed from (i) the various vesting dates to (ii) December 31, 2018.  Accordingly, 
all remaining share-based compensation expense for these two executives  was amortized through the end of 2018.  
Included in share-based compensation expense for 2018 is approximately $30.7 million  due to the  aforementioned 
accelerated  amortization.    Share-based  compensation  costs  in  2017  include  a  $5.4 million  reversal  of  previously 
amortized  costs,  due  to  the  forfeiture  of  share-based  compensation  resulting  from  the  retirement  of  certain  senior 
executives in 2017.  See Note 10 to our December 31, 2018 financial statements for further information on our share-
based compensation.  We expect a reduction in share-based compensation expense in 2019 as compared to 2018. 

Costs of senior executives represent the cash compensation paid to our CEO and CFO.   

Development  and  acquisition  costs  primarily  represent  internal  and  external  expenses  related  to  our 
development  and  acquisition  of  real  estate  facilities  and  varies  primarily  based  upon  the  level  of  activities.    The 
amounts  in  the  above  table  are  net  of  $12.2  million,  $9.4  million  and  $8.5 million  for  2018,  2017  and  2016, 
respectively, in development costs that were capitalized to newly developed and redeveloped self-storage facilities.  
Development and acquisition costs are expected to remain stable in 2019.  

Tax compliance costs and taxes paid include taxes paid to various state and local authorities, the internal and 
external costs of filing tax returns, costs associated with complying with federal and state tax laws, and maintaining 
our compliance with Internal Revenue Service REIT rules.  Such costs vary primarily based upon the tax rates of the 
various states in which we do business.   

Legal costs include internal personnel as well as fees paid to legal firms and other third parties with respect 
to general corporate legal matters and risk management, and varies based upon the level of legal activity.  The future 
level of legal costs is not determinable.  

Public company costs represent the incremental costs of operating as a publicly-traded company, such as 
internal and external investor relations expenses, stock listing and transfer agent fees, board of trustees’ (our “Board”) 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
costs, and costs associated with maintaining compliance with applicable laws and regulations, including the Dodd -
Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act and Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.   

Other costs represent certain professional and consulting fees, payroll, and overhead that are not attributable 
to our property operations.  Such costs vary depending upon the level of corporate activities, initiatives, and other 
factors and, as such, are not predictable.  Amounts for 2018 include approximately $2.4 million in costs incurred to 
demolish certain buildings that were damaged in flooding in 2017 and are being rebuilt. 

Our future general and administrative expenses are difficult to estimate, due to their dependence upon many 

factors, including those noted above.  

Interest and other income: Interest and other income is comprised primarily of the  net income from our 
commercial operations, our property management operation, interest earned on cash balances, and trademark license 
fees received from Shurgard Europe,  as  well as sundry other income items that are received from time to time in 
varying amounts.  Amounts attributable to our commercial operations and property management operations totaled 
$11.8 million, $10.9 million and $10.6 million in 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  The increase in interest and 
other income is attributable to increased commercial operations and higher interest rates on uninvested cash balances.  
We do not expect any significant changes in interest and other income in 2019.   

Interest  expense:  For 2018, 2017 and 2016, we incurred $37.3 million, $17.1 million, and $9.4 million, 
respectively,  of  interest  on  our  outstanding  debt.    In  determining  interest  expense,  these  amounts  were  offset  by 
capitalized  interest  of  $4.8 million,  $4.4  million  and  $5.1 million  during  2018,  2017,  and  2016,  respectively, 
associated with our development activities.  On September 18, 2017, we completed a public offering of $1.0 billion 
notes (the “U.S. Dollar Notes”) bearing an average annual interest rate of 2.732%.  At December 31, 2018, we had 
$1.4 billion of debt outstanding, with an average interest rate of 2.6%.  See Note 6 to our December 31, 2018 financial 
statements for further information on our debt balances.  Future interest expense will be dependent  upon the level of 
outstanding debt and the amount of in-process development costs.   

Foreign Exchange Gain (Loss):  For 2018, we recorded a foreign currency translation gain of $18.1 million 
representing the change in the U.S. Dollar equivalent of our Euro-denominated unsecured notes due to fluctuations in 
exchange  rates  (loss  of  $50.0  million  and  gain  of  $17.6  million  for  2017  and  2016,  respectively).    The  Euro  was 
translated  at  exchange  rates  of  approximately  1.144  U.S.  Dollars  per  Euro  at  December  31,  2018,  1.198  at 
December 31, 2017 and 1.052 at December 31, 2016.  Future gains and losses on foreign currency translation will be 
dependent upon changes in the relative value of the Euro to the U.S. Dollar, and the level of Euro-denominated debt 
outstanding.   

Casualty Loss:  During 2017, we incurred a $7.8 million casualty loss with respect to damage to several of 

our facilities caused by Hurricanes Harvey and Irma. 

Gain on Real Estate Investment Sales:  In 2018, 2017 and 2016, we recorded gains on real estate investment 
sales totaling $37.9 million, $1.4 million and $689,000, respectively.  On October 18, 2018, we sold our property in 
West London to Shurgard Europe for $42.1 million and recorded a related gain on sale of real estate of approximately 
$31.5 million.  The remainder of the gains are primarily in connection with the partial sale of real estate facilities 
pursuant to eminent domain proceedings. 

Gain  due  to  Shurgard  Europe  Public  Offering:    In  connection  with  Shurgard  Europe’s  Offering  of  its 
common shares to the public, our equity interest in Shurgard Europe decreased from 49% to 35.2%.  While we did 
not sell any of our shares in the Offering, we recorded a gain on disposition in 2018 of $151.6 million, as if we had 
sold a proportionate share of our investment in Shurgard Europe.   

Net Income Allocable to Preferred Shareholders:  Net income allocable to preferred shareholders based 
upon distributions decreased in 2018 as compared to 2017 and in 2017 as compared to 2016, due primarily to lower 
average  rates  offset  partially  by  higher  weighted  average  preferred  shares  outstanding.    We  also  allocated 
$29.3 million and $26.9 million of income from our common shareholders to the holders of our  preferred shares in 

48 

 
 
2017 and 2016, respectively, (none in 2018) in connection with the redemption of our preferred shares.  Based upon 
our preferred shares outstanding at December 31, 2018, our quarterly distribution to our preferred shareholders is 
expected  to  be  approximately  $54.1  million  ($49.5  million  per  quarter  excluding  distributions  on  our  Series  Y 
Cumulative Preferred shares, which will be redeemed on March 28, 2019). 

Liquidity and Capital Resources 

Financing Strategy:  As a REIT, we generally distribute 100% of our taxable income  to our shareholders, 
which  relative  to  a  taxable  C  corporation,  limits  the  amount  of  cash  flow  from  operations  that  we  can  retain  for 
investments.  As a result, in order to grow our asset base, access to capital is important.  Historically we have primarily 
financed  our  cash  investment  activities  with  retained  operating  cash  flow  combined  with  the  proceeds  from  the 
issuance of preferred securities.  Over the past three years, we have diversified our capital sources by issuing medium 
term debt.   

Our financial profile is characterized by strong credit metrics, including low leverage relative to our total 
capitalization and operating cash flows.   We are one of the highest rated REITs, as rated by major rating agencies 
Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s.  Our unsecured debt has an “A” credit rating by Standard & Poor’s and “A2” by 
Moody’s.  Our credit ratings on each of our series of preferred shares are “A3” by Moody’s and “BBB+” by Standard 
& Poor’s.  Our credit profile and ratings enables us to effectively access both the public and private capital markets to 
raise capital. 

We have a $500.0 million revolving line of credit which we occasionally use as temporary “bridge” financing 
until  we  are  able  to  raise  longer  term  capital.    As  of  December  31,  2018  and  February  27,  2019,  there  were  no 
borrowings  outstanding  on  the  revolving  line  of  credit,  however,  we  do  have  approximately  $16.2  million  of 
outstanding letters of credit which limits our borrowing capacity to $483.8 million.   

Over  the  long-term,  we  expect  to  fund  our  capital  requirements  with  retained  operating  cash  flow,  the 
issuance of additional medium or long term debt, and proceeds from the issuance of common and preferred securities.  
We will select among these sources of capital based upon availability, relative cost, the desire for leverage, refinancing 
risk, and considering potential constraints caused by certain features of capital sources, such as debt covenants.    

Liquidity and Capital Resource Analysis:  We believe that our net cash provided by our operating activities 
will  continue  to  be  sufficient  to  enable  us  to  meet  our  ongoing  requirements  for  principal  payments  on  debt, 
maintenance capital expenditures and distributions to our shareholders for the foreseeable future.   

As  of  December  31,  2018,  our  capital  resources  over  the  next  year  are  expected  to  be  approximately 
$1.1 billion which exceeds our current planned capital needs over the next year of approximately $711.4 million.  Our 
capital  resources  include:  (i)  $361.2  million  of  cash  as  of  December  31,  2018,  (ii) $483.8 million  of  available 
borrowing capacity on our revolving line of credit, and (iii) approximately $200 to $250 million of expected retained 
operating cash  flow  for the  next twelve  months.   Retained operating cash  flow represents our expected cash flow 
provided by operating activities, less shareholder distributions and capital expenditures to maintain our real estate 
facilities.   

Our planned capital needs over the next year consist of (i) $322.1 million of remaining spend on our current 
development pipeline, (ii) $102.4 million in property acquisitions currently under contract, (iii) $285.0 million for the 
redemption of our Series  Y Preferred Shares on March 28, 2019 and (iv) $1.9 million in principal repayments on 
existing debt.  Our capital needs may increase over the next year as we expect to add projects to our development 
pipeline and acquire additional properties.  In addition to other investment activities, we may also redeem outstanding 
preferred securities or repurchase shares of our common stock in the future.   

To the extent our retained operating cash flow, cash on hand, and line of credit are insufficient to fund our 
activities,  we  believe  we  have  a  variety  of  possibilities  to  raise  additional  capital  including  issuing  common  or 
preferred securities, issuing debt, or entering into joint venture arrangements to acquire or develop facilities.  

49 

 
 
 
Required  Debt  Repayments:  As  of  December  31,  2018,  our  outstanding  debt  totaled  approximately 
$1.4 billion, consisting of $27.4 million of  secured debt, $391.4 million of Euro-denominated  unsecured debt and 
$1.0 billion of U.S. Dollar denominated unsecured debt.  Approximate principal maturities are as follows (amounts in 
thousands): 

2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 
2023 
Thereafter  

$ 

$ 

 1,867 
 1,958 
 1,836 
 502,522 
 19,161 
 891,490 
 1,418,834 

The remaining maturities on our debt over at least the next three years are nominal compared to our expected 

annual retained operating cash flow. 

Capital  Expenditure  Requirements:  Capital  expenditures  include  general  maintenance,  major  repairs  or 
replacements to elements of our facilities to keep our facilities in good operating condition and maintain their visual 
appeal.  Capital expenditures do not include costs relating to the development of new facilities or redevelopment of 
existing facilities to increase their available rentable square footage.  

Capital expenditures totaled $139.4 million in 2018, and are expected to approximate $200 million in 2019.  
Our  capital  expenditures  for  2019  include  certain  projects  that  are  upgrades  and  not  traditional  like-for-like 
replacements of existing components, and in certain circumstances replace existing components before the end of their 
functional lives.  Such projects include installation of LED lighting, replacing existing planting configurations with 
more  drought  tolerant  and  low  maintenance  configurations,  installation  of  solar  panels,  improvements  to  office 
configurations  to  provide  a  more  customer-friendly  experience,  and  improvements  to  outdoor  facades  and  color 
schemes.  Such incremental investments improve customer satisfaction, the attractiveness and competitiveness of our 
facilities to new and existing customers, or reduce operating costs.  The amount and extent to which these expenditures 
will continue after 2019 is uncertain at this time.   

Requirement to Pay Distributions: For all periods presented herein, we have elected to be treated as a REIT, 
as defined in the Code.  As a REIT, we do not incur federal income tax on our REIT taxable income (generally, net 
rents and gains from real property, dividends, and interest) that is fully distributed each year (for this purpose, certain 
distributions paid in a subsequent  year  may be considered), and if  we  meet certain organizational and operational 
rules.  We believe we have met these requirements in all periods presented herein, and we expect to continue to ele ct 
and qualify as a REIT.   

On February 19, 2019, our Board declared a regular common quarterly dividend of $2.00 per common share 
totaling approximately $348 million, which will be paid at the end of March 2019.  Our consistent, long-term dividend 
policy  has  been  to  distribute  only  our  taxable  income.    Future  quarterly  distributions  with  respect  to  the  common 
shares will continue to be determined based upon our REIT distribution requirements after taking into consideration 
distributions to the preferred shareholders and will be funded with cash flows from operating activities.   

We  estimate  the  annual  distribution  requirements  with  respect  to  our  Preferred  Shares  outstanding  at 
December 31, 2018, to be approximately $216.3 million per year ($198.1 million per year excluding distributions on 
our Series Y Cumulative Preferred shares, which will be redeemed on March 28, 2019).   

We  estimate  we  will  pay  approximately  $7.0  million  per  year  in  distributions  to  noncontrolling  interests 

outstanding at December 31, 2018.   

Real Estate Investment Activities: Subsequent to December 31, 2018, we acquired or were under contract to 
acquire (subject to customary closing conditions) 14 self-storage facilities for $102.4 million.  We will continue to 

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
seek to acquire properties; however, there is significant competition to acquire existing facilities and there can be no 
assurance as to the level of facilities we may acquire.   

As of December 31, 2018 we had development and redevelopment projects at a total cost of approximately 
$607.4 million.  Costs incurred through December 31, 2018 were $285.3 million, with the remaining cost to complete 
of $322.1 million expected to be incurred primarily in the  next 18  months.  Some of these projects are subject to 
significant contingencies such as entitlement approval.  We expect to continue to seek additional projects; however, 
the level of future development and redevelopment may be limited due to various constraints such as difficulty in 
finding projects that meet our risk-adjusted yield expectations and challenges in obtaining building permits for self-
storage activities in certain municipalities.   

Redemption of Preferred Securities: Historically, we  have taken advantage of refinancing higher coupon 
preferred securities with lower coupon preferred securities.  On February 22, 2019, we called for redemption, and on 
March 28, 2019, we will redeem our 6.375% Series Y Preferred Shares, at par ($285 million).   In the future, we may 
also elect to finance the redemption of preferred securities with proceeds from the issuance of debt.  As of February 27, 
2019, we have the following additional series of preferred securities that are eligible for redemption, at our option and 
with 30 days’ notice; our 5.625% Series U Preferred Shares ($288 million), our 5.375% Series V Preferred Shares 
($495 million), our 5.200% Series W Preferred Shares ($500 million), and our 5.200% Series X Preferred Shares 
($225 million).  Our 6.000% Series Z Preferred Shares ($288 million) become callable on June 4, 2019.  Redemption 
of  such  preferred  shares  will  depend  upon  many  factors,  including  the  rate  at  which  we  could  issue  replacement 
preferred securities.  None of our preferred securities are redeemable at the option of the holders.   

Repurchases of Common Shares: Our Board has authorized management to repurchase up to 35,000,000 of 
our common shares on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions.  During 2018, we did not repurchase 
any  of  our  common  shares.    From  the  inception  of  the  repurchase  program  through  February  27,  2019,  we  have 
repurchased a total of 23,721,916 common shares at an aggregate cost of approximately $679.1 million.  Future levels 
of common share repurchases will be dependent upon our available capital, investment alternatives and the trading 
price of our common shares.   

Contractual Obligations  

Our significant contractual obligations at December 31, 2018 and their impact on our cash flows and liquidity 

are summarized below for the years ending December 31 (amounts in thousands): 

Interest and principal payments  
on debt (1) 

$ 

 1,650,985    $ 

 38,196    $   38,193   $   37,971   $  535,109    $  42,838    $

 958,678  

Total  

2019  

2020 

2021 

2022  

2023  

Thereafter 

Operating leases (2)  

 78,519   

 4,031   

 4,240  

 4,356  

 3,755   

 3,626   

 58,511  

Construction commitments (3) 

 138,460   

   126,247   

   12,213  

 - 

 -  

 -  

 - 

Total  

$ 

 1,867,964    $   168,474    $   54,646   $   42,327   $  538,864    $  46,464    $  1,017,189  

(1)  Represents contractual principal and interest payments.  Amounts with respect to certain Euro-denominated 
debt are based upon exchange rates at December 31, 2018.  See Note 6 to our December 31, 2018 financial 
statements for further information.   

(2)  Represents future contractual payments on land, equipment and office space under various operating leases.    

(3)  Represents future expected payments for construction under contract at December 31, 2018. 

We  estimate  the  annual  distribution  requirements  with  respect  to  our  Preferred  Shares  outstanding  at 
December 31, 2018 to be approximately $216.3 million per year ($198.1 million per year excluding distributions on 
our Series Y Cumulative Preferred shares, which will be redeemed on March 28, 2019).  Dividends are paid when and 
if declared by our Board and accumulate if not paid.   

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements: At December 31, 2018, we had no material off-balance sheet arrangements 

as defined under Regulation S-K 303(a)(4) and the instructions thereto.

52 

 
 
ITEM 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk 

To limit our exposure to market risk, we are capitalized primarily with preferred and common  equity.  Our 
preferred shares are redeemable at our option generally five years after issuance, but the holder has no redemption 
option.    Our  debt  is  our  only  market-risk  sensitive  portion  of  our  capital  structure,  which  totals  approximately 
$1.4 billion and represents 15.5% of the book value of our equity at December 31, 2018.  

We have foreign currency exposure at December 31, 2018 related to (i) our investment in Shurgard Europe, 
with a book value of $349.5 million and (ii) €342.0 million ($391.4 million) of Euro-denominated unsecured notes 
payable.   

The fair value of our fixed rate debt at December 31, 2018 is approximately $1.4 billion.  The table below 
summarizes  the  annual  maturities  of  our  fixed  rate  debt,  which  had  a  weighted  average  effective  rate  of  2.6%  at 
December 31, 2018.  See Note 6 to our December 31, 2018 financial statements for further information regarding our 
fixed rate debt (amounts in thousands). 

2019 

2020 

2021 

2022 

2023 

   Thereafter    

Total 

Fixed rate debt     $ 

 1,867   $ 

 1,958   $ 

 1,836   $ 

 502,522   $ 

 19,161   $ 

 891,490   $   1,418,834 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 9A.  Controls and Procedures 

Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be 
disclosed in reports we file and submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) 
is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in accordance with SEC guidelines 
and  that  such  information  is  communicated  to  our  management,  including  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief 
Financial  Officer,  to  allow  timely  decisions  regarding  required  disclosure  based  on  the  definition  of  "disclosure 
controls and procedures" in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act.  In designing and evaluating the 
disclosure controls and procedures, management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well 
designed  and  operated,  can  provide  only  reasonable  assurance  of  achieving  the  desired  control  objectives  and 
management  necessarily  was  required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible 
controls  and  procedures  in  reaching  that  level  of  reasonable  assurance.    We  also  have  investments  in  certain  
unconsolidated real estate entities and because we do not control these entities, our disclosure controls and procedures 
with respect to such entities are substantially more limited than those we maintain with respect to our consolidated 
subsidiaries. 

As of December 31, 2018, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of 
management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design 
and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of 
the Exchange Act).  Based on that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that 
our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of December 31, 2018, at a reasonable assurance level. 

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

Our  management  is  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  adequate  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting, as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act.  Under the supervision and 
with  the  participation  of  our management,  including  our  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  Chief  Financial  Officer,  we 
conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework 
in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee on Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway 
Commission  (2013  Framework).    Based  on  our  evaluation  under  the  framework  in  Internal  Control-Integrated 
Framework,  our  management  concluded  that  our  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  was  effective  as  of 
December 31, 2018. 

The effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018, has been audited by 
Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm. Ernst & Young LLP’s report on our internal 
control over financial reporting appears below. 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as such term is defined in 
Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) during the fourth quarter of 2018 to which this report relates 
that have materially affected, or are reasonable likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. 

54 

 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

To the Shareholders and Board of Trustees of Public Storage 

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

We have audited Public Storage (the Company)’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018, 
based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, the Company 
maintained, in all material aspects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018, based 
on the COSO criteria. 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the 
related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, equity and cash flows, for each of the thr ee years 
in the period ended December 31, 2018 and the related notes and financial statement schedule listed in the Index at 
Item 15(a) of the Company and our report dated February 27, 2019 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. 

Basis for Opinion 

The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and 
for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying 
Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on 
the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm 
registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the 
U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Security and Exchange Commission and 
the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting 
was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over 
financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating 
effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered 
necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance 
regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in 
accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting 
includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, 
accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable 
assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made 
only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s 
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. 

55 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect 
misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that 
controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the 
policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP 

Los Angeles, California 
February 27, 2019 

56 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 9B.  Other Information  

None. 

57 

 
 
 
 
PART III 

ITEM 10. 

Trustees, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance   

The following is a biographical summary of the current executive officers of the Company: 

Joseph D. Russell, Jr., age 59, has served as Chief Executive Officer since January 1, 2019, and as President 
since  July  2016.   Prior  to  joining  Public  Storage,  Mr.  Russell  was  President  and  Chief  Executive  Officer  of  PS 
Business Parks, Inc. from August 2002 to July 2016.  Mr. Russell has also served as a trustee of Public Storage since 
January 1, 2019, and as a director of PS Business Parks, Inc. since August 2003.   

H.  Thomas  Boyle,  age  36,  has  served  as  Chief  Financial  Officer  since  January 1,  2019,  and  was  Vice 
President and Chief  Financial Officer, Operations of the company since joining the Company in November 2016.  
Prior to joining the company, Mr. Boyle served in roles of increasing responsibilities with Morgan Stanley since 2005, 
from analyst to his last role as Executive Director, Equity and Debt Capital Markets. 

Lily Yan Hughes, age 55, has served as Senior Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and Corporate Secretary 
since joining the Company in January 2015.  Prior to joining Public Storage, she was Vice President and  Associate 
General Counsel-Corporate, M&A and Finance at Ingram Micro Inc. from March 1997 to January 2015. 

Natalia  Johnson,  age  41,  has  served  as  Senior  Vice  President,  Chief  Human  Resources  Officer  since 
April 25, 2018 and was previously Senior Vice President of Human Resources since joining the Company in July 
2016.  Prior to joining Public Storage, Ms. Johnson held a variety of senior management positions at Bank of America, 
including  Chief  Operating  Officer  for  Mortgage  Technology  and  Human  Resources  Executive  for  the  Mortgage 
Business and worked for Coca-Cola Andina and San Cristόbal Insurance. 

Other information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the material appearing in the 
Notice and Proxy Statement for the 2019 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A 
under the Exchange Act. 

ITEM 11. 

Executive Compensation 

The information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the material appearing in the 
Notice and Proxy Statement for the 2019 Annual Meeting of Shareholders,  to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A 
under the Exchange Act. 

58 

 
 
 
 
ITEM 12.  Security  Ownership  of  Certain  Beneficial  Owners  and  Management  and  Related  Shareholder 

Matters 

The  following  table  sets  forth  information  as  of  December  31,  2018  on  the  Company’s  equity 

compensation plans:  

Number of 
securities to be 
issued upon 
exercise of 
outstanding 
options, 
warrants and 
rights 

Weighted 
average 
exercise price 
of outstanding 
options, 
warrants and 
rights 

Number of 
securities 
remaining available 
for future issuance 
under equity 
compensation plans 

3,138,618 (b) 

$201.31 (d) 

1,282,158 

- 

- 

- 

Equity compensation plans approved 
by security holders (a) ..................  

Equity compensation plans not 
approved by security holders (c)...  

a) 

b) 

c) 

d) 

The  Company’s  stock  option  and  stock  incentive  plans  are  described  more  fully  in  Note  10  to  the 
December 31, 2018 financial statements.  All plans were approved by the Company’s shareholders. 

Includes 717,696 restricted share units that, if and when vested, will be settled in common shares of the 
Company on a one for one basis. 

There are no securities available for future issuance or currently outstanding under plans not approved 
by the Company’s shareholders as of December 31, 2018.   

Represents the average exercise price of 2,420,922 stock options outstanding at December 31, 2018.  We 
also have 717,696 restricted share units outstanding at December 31, 2018 that vest for no consideration. 

Other information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the material appearing in the 
Notice and Proxy Statement for the 2019 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A 
under the Exchange Act. 

ITEM 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Trustee Independence 

The information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the material appearing in the 
Notice and Proxy Statement for the 2019 Annual Meeting of Shareholders,  to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A 
under the Exchange Act. 

ITEM 14. 

Principal Accountant Fees and Services 

The information required by this item is hereby incorporated by reference to the material appearing in the 
Notice and Proxy Statement for the 2019 Annual Meeting of Shareholders,  to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A 
under the Exchange Act of 1934. 

59 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 15. 

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules 

a.  1.  Financial Statements 

PART IV 

The financial statements listed in the accompanying Index to Financial Statements and Schedules hereof 
are filed as part of this report. 

2.  Financial Statement Schedules 

The financial statements schedules listed in the accompanying Index to Financial Statements and 
Schedules are filed as part of this report. 

3.  Exhibits 

See Index to Exhibits contained herein. 

b.  Exhibits: 

See Index to Exhibits contained herein. 

c.  Financial Statement Schedules 

Not applicable. 

60 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 

INDEX TO EXHIBITS (1) 

(Items 15(a)(3) and 15(c)) 

Articles of Amendment and Restatement of Declaration of Trust of Public Storage, a Maryland real estate 
investment trust, filed with the Maryland State Department of Assessments and Taxation on May 4, 2018.  
Filed with the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 8, 2018 and incorporated by reference 
herein. 

Amended and Restated Bylaws of Public Storage, a Maryland real estate investment trust, dated May 4, 
2018.  Filed with the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 8, 2018 and incorporated by 
reference herein. 

Articles Supplementary for Public Storage 5.625% Cumulative Preferred Shares, Series U.  Filed with 
the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated June 6, 2012 and incorporated by reference herein. 

Articles Supplementary for Public Storage 5.375% Cumulative Preferred Shares, Series V.  Filed with 
the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated September 11, 2012 and incorporated by reference 
herein. 

Articles Supplementary for Public Storage 5.20% Cumulative Preferred Shares, Series W.  Filed with the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated January 7, 2013 and incorporated by reference herein. 

Articles Supplementary for Public Storage 5.20% Cumulative Preferred Shares, Series X.  Filed with the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 4, 2013 and incorporated by reference herein. 

Articles Supplementary for Public Storage 6.375% Cumulative Preferred Shares, Series Y.  Filed with 
the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated March 10, 2014 and incorporated by reference herein. 

Articles Supplementary for Public Storage 6.375%  Cumulative Preferred Shares, Series Y.  Filed with 
the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated April 9, 2014 and incorporated by reference herein. 

Articles Supplementary for Public Storage 6.00% Cumulative Preferred Shares, Series Z.  Filed with the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 28, 2014 and incorporated by reference herein. 

Articles Supplementary for Public Storage 5.875% Cumulative Preferred Shares, Series A.  Filed with 
the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A dated November 24, 2014 and incorporated by reference 
herein. 

Articles Supplementary for Public Storage 5.400% Cumulative Preferred Shares, Series B.   Filed with 
the  Registrant’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  dated  January  12,  2016  and  incorporated  by  reference 
herein. 

Articles Supplementary for Public Storage 5.125% Cumulative Preferred Shares, Series C.  Filed with 
the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 10, 2016 and incorporated by reference herein. 

Articles Supplementary for Public Storage 4.950% Cumulative Preferred Shares, Series D.  Filed with 
the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 13, 2016 and incorporated by reference herein. 

3.1 

3.2 

3.3 

3.4 

3.5 

3.6 

3.7 

3.8 

3.9 

3.10 

3.11 

3.12 

3.13 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3.14 

3.15 

3.16 

4.1 

10.1 

10.2 

10.3 

10.4 

10.5 

10.5.1 

10.5.2 

10.5.3 

10.5.4 

Articles Supplementary for Public Storage 4.900% Cumulative Preferred Shares, Series E.  Filed with 
the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated October 6, 2016 and incorporated by reference herein. 

Articles Supplementary for Public Storage 5.150% Cumulative Preferred Shares, Series F.  Filed with 
the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 23, 2017 and incorporated by reference herein. 

Articles Supplementary for Public Storage 5.05% Cumulative Preferred Shares, Series G.  Filed with the 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated July 31, 2017 and incorporated by reference herein. 

Master Deposit Agreement, dated as of May 31, 2007.  Filed with the Registrant’s Current Report on 
Form 8-K dated June 6, 2007 and incorporated by reference herein. 

Amended  Management  Agreement  between  Registrant  and  Public  Storage  Commercial  Properties 
Group, Inc. dated as of February 21, 1995.  Filed with Public Storage Inc.’s (“PSI”) Annual Report on 
Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 1994 (SEC File No. 001-0839) and incorporated herein by 
reference. 

Second Amended and Restated Management Agreement by and among Registrant and the entities listed 
therein dated as of November 16, 1995.  Filed with PS Partners, Ltd.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for 
the year ended December 31, 1996 (SEC File No. 001-11186) and incorporated herein by reference. 

Agreement  of  Limited  Partnership  of  PS  Business  Parks,  L.P.    Filed  with  PS  Business  Parks,  Inc.’s 
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 1998 (SEC File No. 001-10709) 
and incorporated herein by reference. 

Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Storage Trust  Properties, L.P. (March 12, 
1999).  Filed with PSI’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended June 30, 1999 
(SEC File No. 001-0839) and incorporated herein by reference. 

Amended and Restated Credit Agreement by and among Registrant, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC and 
Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated as joint lead arrangers, Wells Fargo Bank, National 
Association,  as  administrative  agent,  and  the  other  financial  institutions  party  thereto,  dated  as  of 
March 21, 2012.  Filed with PSI’s Current Report on Form 8-K on March 27, 2012 (SEC File No. 001-
0839) and incorporated herein by reference. 

Second  Amendment  to  Amended  and  Restated  Credit  Agreement,  dated  as  of  July  17,  2013,  by  and 
among Public Storage, the Lenders party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association.  Filed 
with the Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K on July 18, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. 

Third Amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2015, among 
Public Storage, the lenders party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as agent.  Filed as 
Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K on April 2, 2015 (“April 2015 8-K”) and 
incorporated herein by reference. 

Copy  of  the  Amended  and  Restated  Credit  Agreement  dated  as  of  March  21,  2012,  consolidating  all 
amendments  made  by  the  Letter  Agreement,  dated  as  of  April  12,  2012,  the  Second  Amendment  to 
Amended  and  Restated  Credit  Agreement,  dated  as  of  July  17,  2013,  and  the  Third  Amendment  to 
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2015.  This conformed copy was filed 
as Exhibit 10.2 to the April 2015 8-K for ease of reference and was qualified in its entirety by reference 
to the Third Amendment and incorporated herein by reference. 

Fourth Amendment to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of December 22, 2015, 
among Public Storage, the lenders party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as agent.  
Filed as Exhibit 10.5.4 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 
2015 and incorporated herein by reference. 

62 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.6* 

10.7* 

10.8* 

10.9* 

10.10* 

10.11* 

10.12* 

10.13* 

10.14* 

10.15* 

10.16 

Shurgard Storage Centers, Inc. 2004 Long Term Incentive Compensation Plan.  Filed as Appendix A of 
Definitive  Proxy  Statement  dated  June  7,  2004  filed  by  Shurgard  (SEC  File  No.  001-11455)  and 
incorporated herein by reference. 

Public  Storage,  Inc.  2001  Stock  Option  and  Incentive  Plan  (the  “2001  Plan”).    Filed  with  PSI’s 
Registration Statement on Form S-8 (SEC File No. 333-59218) and incorporated herein by reference. 

Form of 2007 Plan Restricted Stock Unit Agreement.  Filed as Exhibit 10.11 to the Company’s Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference. 

Form  of  2007  Plan  Restricted  Stock  Unit  Agreement  –  deferral  of  receipt  of  shares.    Filed  as 
Exhibit 10.12 to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 
and incorporated herein by reference. 

Form of 2007 Plan Stock Option Agreement.  Filed as Exhibit 10.13 to the Company’s Annual Report 
on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference. 

Form of 2007 Plan Trustee Stock Option Agreement.  Filed as Exhibit 10.14 to the Company’s Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference. 

Form of 2016 Plan Restricted Stock Unit Agreement.  Filed as Exhibit 10.15 to the Company’s Annual 
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference. 

Form of 2016 Plan Restricted Stock Unit Agreement  – deferral of receipt of shares.   Filed as Exhibit 
10.16  to  the  Company’s  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016  and 
incorporated herein by reference. 

Form of 2016 Plan Non-Qualified Stock Option Agreement.  Filed as Exhibit 10.17 to the Company’s 
Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016  and  incorporated  herein  by 
reference. 

Form  of  2016  Plan  Trustee  Non-Qualified  Stock  Option  Agreement.    Filed  as  Exhibit  10.18  to  the 
Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 and incorporated herein 
by reference. 

Form  of  Trustee  and  Officer  Indemnification  Agreement.   Filed  as  Exhibit  10.19  to  the  Company’s 
Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  for  the  year  ended  December  31,  2016  and  incorporated  herein  by 
reference. 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
10.17 

10.18* 

10.19* 

10.20 

10.21 

10.22 

10.23 

10.24 

23.1 

31.1 

Term Loan Agreement, by and among Public Storage, Wells Fargo Securities, LLC as Lead Arranger 
and Wells Fargo National Bank N.A. as Administrative Agent, dated as of December 2, 2013.  Filed with 
Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated December 2, 2013 and incorporated herein by reference. 

Public Storage 2007 Equity and Performance-Based Incentive Compensation Plan, as Amended.  Filed 
with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated May 1, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. 

Public Storage 2016 Equity and Performance-Based Incentive Compensation Plan.  Filed as Appendix 
A to the Company’s 2016 Proxy Statement dated March 16, 2016 and incorporated herein by reference. 

Note  Purchase  Agreement,  dated  as  of  November  3,  2015,  by  and  among  Public  Storage  and  the 
signatories thereto.  Filed with Registrant’s Current Report on Form 8-K dated November 3, 2015 and 
incorporated herein by reference. 

Note Purchase Agreement, dated as of April 12, 2016, by and among Public Storage and the signatories 
thereto.    Filed  with  Registrant’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  dated  April  12,  2016  and incorporated 
herein by reference. 

Indenture,  dated  as  of  September  18,  2017,  between  Public  Storage  and  Wells  Fargo  Bank,  National 
Association,  as  trustee.    Filed  as  Exhibit  4.1  to  the  Company’s  Current  Report  on  Form  8-K  dated 
September 18, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference. 

First Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 18, 2017, between Public Storage and Wells Fargo 
Bank, National Association, as trustee, including the form of Global Note representing the 2022 Notes 
and the form of Global Note representing the 2027 Notes.  Filed as Exhibit 4.2 to the Company’s Current 
Report on Form 8-K dated September 18, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference. 

Amendment to  Amended  Agreement of  Limited Partnership of PS Business Parks,  L.P. to Authorize 
Special  Allocations,  dated  as  of  January  1,  2017.    Filed  as  Exhibit  10.1  to  the  Company’s  Quarterly 
Report on Form 10-Q  for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2018 (SEC File No. 001-33519) and 
incorporated herein by reference. 

Consent of Ernst & Young LLP.  Filed herewith. 

. 

Rule 13a – 14(a) Certification.  Filed herewith. 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
31.2 

32 

Rule 13a – 14(a) Certification.  Filed herewith. 

Section 1350 Certifications.  Filed herewith.  

101 .INS 

XBRL Instance Document.  Filed herewith. 

101 .SCH 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema.  Filed herewith. 

101 .CAL 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase.  Filed herewith.  

101 .DEF 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase.  Filed herewith. 

101 .LAB 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase.  Filed herewith. 

101 .PRE 

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Link.  Filed herewith. 

   _   (1)  SEC File No. 001-33519 unless otherwise indicated. 

* 

Denotes management compensatory plan agreement or arrangement. 

65 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
AND SCHEDULES 

(Item 15 (a)) 

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm .............................................................  

Balance sheets as of December 31, 2018 and 2017 ..........................................................................  

For the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016: 

Statements of income .......................................................................................................................  

Statements of comprehensive income ..............................................................................................  

Page 
References 

F-1 

F-2 

F-3 

F-4 

Statements of equity  ........................................................................................................................  

F-5 – F-6 

Statements of cash flows ..................................................................................................................  

F-7 – F-8 

Notes to financial statements ............................................................................................................  

F-9 – F-33 

Schedule: 

III – Real estate and accumulated depreciation ................................................................................  

F-34 – F-36 

All  other  schedules  have  been  omitted  since  the  required  information  is  not  present  or  not  present  in  amounts 
sufficient  to  require  submission  of  the  schedule,  or  because  the  information  required  is  included  in  the  financial 
statements or notes thereto. 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

To the Shareholders and Board of Trustees of Public Storage 

Opinion on the Financial Statements 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Public Storage (the Company) as of 
December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, equity 
and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2018, and the related notes and 
financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a) (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial 
statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material 
respects, the consolidated financial position of the Company at December 31, 2018 and 2017, and the consolidated 
results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2018, in 
conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.  

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board 
(United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2018, based 
on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework), and our report dated February 27, 2019 expressed 
an unqualified opinion thereon. 

Basis for Opinion 

These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered 
with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. 
federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Security and Exchange Commission and the 
PCAOB.  

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and 
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material 
misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of 
material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that 
respond to those risks. Such procedures include examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and 
disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and 
significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial 
statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1980. 

Los Angeles, California 
February 27, 2019 

F-1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
BALANCE SHEETS 
 (Amounts in thousands, except share data) 

ASSETS 

Cash and equivalents 
Real estate facilities, at cost:  

Land 
Buildings 

Accumulated depreciation  

Construction in process 

Investments in unconsolidated real estate entities 
Goodwill and other intangible assets, net 
Other assets 

Total assets  

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY 

Notes payable 
Accrued and other liabilities 
     Total liabilities 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 13) 

Equity: 

Public Storage shareholders’ equity: 

December 31, 

December 31, 

2018 

2017 

$ 

 361,218   

$ 

 433,376  

 4,047,982   
 11,248,862   
 15,296,844   
 (6,140,072)  
 9,156,772   
 285,339   
 9,442,111   

 783,988   
 209,856   
 131,097   
 10,928,270   

 1,412,283   
 371,259   
 1,783,542   

$ 

$ 

 3,947,123  
 10,718,866  
 14,665,989  
 (5,700,331) 
 8,965,658  
 264,441  
 9,230,099  

 724,173  
 214,957  
 130,287  
 10,732,892  

 1,431,322  
 337,201  
 1,768,523  

$ 

$ 

Preferred Shares, $0.01 par value, 100,000,000 shares authorized,  
161,000 shares issued (in series) and outstanding, (161,000 at  
December 31, 2017), at liquidation preference 

Common Shares, $0.10 par value, 650,000,000 shares authorized, 

174,130,881 shares issued and outstanding (173,853,370 shares at 
December 31, 2017) 

Paid-in capital  
Accumulated deficit  
Accumulated other comprehensive loss 

Total Public Storage shareholders’ equity  

Noncontrolling interests 
   Total equity 

Total liabilities and equity 

$ 

 4,025,000   

 4,025,000  

 17,413   
 5,718,485   
 (577,360)  
 (64,060)  
 9,119,478   
 25,250   
 9,144,728   
 10,928,270   

$ 

 17,385  
 5,648,399  
 (675,711) 
 (75,064) 
 8,940,009  
 24,360  
 8,964,369  
 10,732,892  

See accompanying notes. 
F-2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
STATEMENTS OF INCOME 
 (Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts) 

Revenues: 

Self-storage facilities  
Ancillary operations  

Expenses: 

Self-storage cost of operations  
Ancillary cost of operations  
Depreciation and amortization  
General and administrative  
Interest expense  

Other increase (decrease) to net income: 

Interest and other income  
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated real estate entities  
Foreign currency exchange gain (loss) 
Casualty loss 
Gain on sale of real estate  
Gain due to Shurgard Europe public offering 

Net income  

Allocation to noncontrolling interests  

Net income allocable to Public Storage shareholders  
Allocation of net income to: 

Preferred shareholders - distributions 
Preferred shareholders - redemptions (Note 8) 
Restricted share units   

Net income allocable to common shareholders 
Net income per common share: 

Basic 
Diluted 

Basic weighted average common shares outstanding  
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding 

For the Years Ended December 31, 

2018 

2017 

2016 

$ 

 $ 

 2,597,607  
 156,673  
 2,754,280  

 $ 

 2,512,433  
 156,095  
 2,668,528  

 2,405,828  
 154,721  
 2,560,549  

 695,731  
 43,991  
 483,646  
 118,720  
 32,542  
 1,374,630      

 26,442  
 103,495  
 18,117  
 - 
 37,903  
 151,616  
 1,717,223      
 (6,192)     
 1,711,031      

 (216,316)     
 -     
 (5,815)     

 657,633  
 50,345  
 454,526  
 82,882  
 12,690  
 1,258,076  

 18,771  
 75,655  
 (50,045) 
 (7,789) 
 1,421  
 - 
 1,448,465  
 (6,248) 
 1,442,217  

 (236,535) 
 (29,330) 
 (4,743) 

 617,905  
 51,178  
 433,314  
 83,656  
 4,210  
 1,190,263  

 15,138  
 56,756  
 17,570  
 - 
 689  
 - 
 1,460,439  
 (6,863) 
 1,453,576  

 (238,214) 
 (26,873) 
 (4,610) 

$ 

$ 
$ 

 1,488,900     $ 

 1,171,609  

 $ 

 1,183,879  

 8.56     $ 
 8.54     $ 

 173,969      
 174,297      

 6.75  
 6.73  

 $ 
 $ 

 173,613  
 174,151  

 6.84  
 6.81  

 173,091  
 173,878  

See accompanying notes. 
F-3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
     
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
     
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 
 (Amounts in thousands) 

Net income  

Other comprehensive income (loss): 

For the Years Ended December 31, 
2017 

2016 

2018 

$ 

 1,717,223  

 $ 

 1,448,465  

 $ 

 1,460,439  

Aggregate foreign currency exchange gain (loss) 

 1,914  

 (30,003) 

 (8,047) 

Adjust for aggregate foreign currency exchange 
gain in equity in earnings of unconsolidated 
real estate entities 

Adjust for foreign currency exchange loss reflected in 

gain on sale of real estate and gain on Shurgard Europe 
public offering 

Adjust for aggregate foreign currency exchange 

(gain) loss included in net income 

Other comprehensive income (loss) 

Total comprehensive income  

Allocation to noncontrolling interests  

Comprehensive income allocable to 

Public Storage shareholders  

 - 

 27,207  

 (18,117) 

 11,004  
 1,728,227  

 (6,192)     

 - 

 - 

 50,045  

 20,042  
 1,468,507  
 (6,248) 

 (941) 

 - 

 (17,570) 

 (26,558) 
 1,433,881  
 (6,863) 

$ 

 1,722,035  

 $ 

 1,462,259  

 $ 

 1,427,018  

See accompanying notes. 
F-4 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
e
g
a
r
o
t
S
c
i
l
b
u
P

r
e
h
t
O

l
a
t
o
T

d
e
t
a
l
u
m
u
c
c
A

l
a
t
o
T

y
t
i
u
q
E

g
n
i
l
l
o
r
t
n
o
c
n
o
N

’
s
r
e
d
l
o
h
e
r
a
h
S

e
v
i
s
n
e
h
e
r
p
m
o
C

d
e
t
a
l
u
m
u
c
c
A

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n
I

y
t
i
u
q
E

s
s
o
L

t
i
c
i
f
e
D

n
i
-
d
i
a
P

l
a
t
i
p
a
C

n
o
m
m
o
C

s
e
r
a
h
S

e
v
i
t
a
l
u
m
u
C

d
e
r
r
e
f
e
r
P

s
e
r
a
h
S

8
3
6
,
7
9
1
,
9

 $

7
9
9
,
6
2

$

1
4
6
,
0
7
1
,
9

 $

)
8
4
5
,
8
6
(

$

)
0
1
6
,
4
3
4
(

$

6
0
5
,
1
0
6
,
5

 $

3
9
2
,
7
1

 $

0
0
0
,
5
5
0
,
4

$

E
G
A
R
O
T
S
C
I
L
B
U
P

Y
T
I
U
Q
E
F
O
S
T
N
E
M
E
T
A
T
S

)
s
t
n
u
o
m
a

e
r
a
h
s

r
e
p
d
n
a

e
r
a
h
s

t
p
e
c
x
e

,
s
d
n
a
s
u
o
h
t
n
i

s
t
n
u
o
m
A

(

-

-

-

)
9
8
7
(

9
8
7

-

-

 $

7
9
9
,
6
2

$

1
4
6
,
0
7
1
,
9

 $

)
8
4
5
,
8
6
(

$

)
9
9
3
,
5
3
4
(

$

5
9
2
,
2
0
6
,
5

 $

3
9
2
,
7
1

 $

0
0
0
,
5
5
0
,
4

$

-

8
3
6
,
7
9
1
,
9

3
0
2
,
6
3
1
,
1

)
0
0
5
,
2
6
8
(

1
4
5
,
5
2

-

0
7
4
,
3

5
6
7
,
0
2

9
3
4
,
0
6
4
,
1

)
6
8
5
,
7
(

)
4
1
2
,
8
3
2
(

-

-

-

-

0
7
4
,
3

-

3
6
8
,
6

-

)
6
8
5
,
7
(

)
8
5
5
,
6
2
(

)
4
4
5
,
7
6
2
,
1
(

-

-

)
0
0
5
,
2
6
8
(

3
0
2
,
6
3
1
,
1

1
4
5
,
5
2

-

5
6
7
,
0
2

)
3
6
8
,
6
(

9
3
4
,
0
6
4
,
1

-

)
4
1
2
,
8
3
2
(

)
8
5
5
,
6
2
(

)
4
4
5
,
7
6
2
,
1
(

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

)
3
6
8
,
6
(

9
3
4
,
0
6
4
,
1

-

)
4
1
2
,
8
3
2
(

)
4
4
5
,
7
6
2
,
1
(

)
8
5
5
,
6
2
(

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5
6
7
,
0
2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

5
0
5
,
5
2

6
3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

)
7
9
7
,
8
3
(

-

-

)
0
0
5
,
2
6
8
(

0
0
0
,
5
7
1
,
1

7
7
1
,
1
6
5

)
0
0
5
,
2
2
9
(

0
0
5
,
2
4

-

1
1
7
,
2
2

)
5
2
4
,
4
1
(

4
8
4
,
2

5
6
4
,
8
4
4
,
1

-

-

-

-

)
4
2
7
,
6
(

4
8
4
,
2

-

8
4
2
,
6

7
7
1
,
1
6
5

)
0
0
5
,
2
2
9
(

0
0
5
,
2
4

-

1
1
7
,
2
2

)
1
0
7
,
7
(

)
8
4
2
,
6
(

5
6
4
,
8
4
4
,
1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

)
8
4
2
,
6
(

5
6
4
,
8
4
4
,
1

-

-

-

1
1
7
,
2
2

)
1
0
7
,
7
(

-

-

-

-

-

4
4
4
,
2
4

6
5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

)
3
2
8
,
8
1
(

-

-

0
0
0
,
0
8
5

)
0
0
5
,
2
2
9
(

.
s
e
t
o
n

g
n
i
y
n
a
p
m
o
c
c
a

e
e
S

5
-
F

4
5
6
,
1
4
4
,
9

$

4
4
7
,
9
2

$

0
1
9
,
1
1
4
,
9

$

)
6
0
1
,
5
9
(

$

)
1
8
5
,
7
8
4
(

$

8
6
7
,
9
0
6
,
5

$

9
2
3
,
7
1

$

0
0
5
,
7
6
3
,
4

$

)
8

e
t
o
N

(

s
e
r
a
h
s

d
e
r
r
e
f
e
r
p
0
0
5
,
4
3

f
o

n
o
i
t
p
m
e
d
e
R

h
t
i

w
n
o
i
t
c
e
n
n
o
c

n
i

s
e
r
a
h
s

n
o
m
m
o
c

f
o
e
c
n
a
u
s
s
I

)
8
e
t
o
N

(

s
e
r
a
h
s

d
e
r
r
e
f
e
r
p

0
0
0
,
7
4
f
o
e
c
n
a
u
s
s
I

d
e
t
s
u
j
d
a
s
a
,
5
1
0
2

,
1
3
r
e
b
m
e
c
e
D

t
a

s
e
c
n
a
l
a
B

g
n
i
t
n
u
o
c
c
a

n
i

e
g
n
a
h
c

a

f
o

t
c
e
f
f
e

e
v
i
t
a
l
u
m
u
C

5
1
0
2

,
1
3
r
e
b
m
e
c
e
D

t
a

s
e
c
n
a
l
a
B

)
0
1
e
t
o
N

(

e
l
p
i
c
n
i
r
p

)
0
1

e
t
o
N

(

)
s
e
r
a
h
s

6
4
5
,
7
6
3
(

n
o
i
t
a
s
n
e
p
m
o
c

d
e
s
a
b
-
e
r
a
h
s

h
s
a
c

f
o

t
e
n

,
e
s
n
e
p
x
e

n
o
i
t
a
s
n
e
p
m
o
c

d
e
s
a
b
-
e
r
a
h
S

)
0
1

e
t
o
N

(

s
e
r
a
h
s

n
o
m
m
o
c

f
o

u
e
i
l

n
i

d
i
a
p

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n
i
g
n
i
l
l
o
r
t
n
o
c
n
o
n
y
b

s
n
o
i
t
u
b
i
r
t
n
o
C

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n
i
g
n
i
l
l
o
r
t
n
o
c
n
o
n

o
t

d
e
t
a
c
o
l
l
a

e
m
o
c
n
i

t
e
N

e
m
o
c
n
i

t
e
N

)
8

e
t
o
N

(

s
e
r
a
h
s

d
e
r
r
e
f
e
r
p
0
0
9
,
6
3

f
o

n
o
i
t
p
m
e
d
e
R

h
t
i

w
n
o
i
t
c
e
n
n
o
c

n
i

s
e
r
a
h
s

n
o
m
m
o
c

f
o
e
c
n
a
u
s
s
I

)
8
e
t
o
N

(

s
e
r
a
h
s

d
e
r
r
e
f
e
r
p

0
0
2
,
3
2
f
o
e
c
n
a
u
s
s
I

s
t
i
n
u
e
r
a
h
s

d
e
t
c
i
r
t
s
e
r

d
n
a

s
e
r
a
h
s

n
o
m
m
o
C

)
2
e
t
o
N

(

s
s
o
l

e
v
i
s
n
e
h
e
r
p
m
o
c

r
e
h
t
O

6
1
0
2

,
1
3
r
e
b
m
e
c
e
D

t
a

s
e
c
n
a
l
a
B

)
e
r
a
h
s

r
e
p
0
3
.
7
$
(

:
s
r
e
d
l
o
h
y
t
i
u
q
e

o
t

s
n
o
i
t
u
b
i
r
t
s
i
D

)
8
e
t
o
N

(

s
e
r
a
h
s

d
e
r
r
e
f
e
r
P

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n
i
g
n
i
l
l
o
r
t
n
o
c
n
o
N

)
0
1

e
t
o
N

(

)
s
e
r
a
h
s

3
8
5
,
4
6
5
(

n
o
i
t
a
s
n
e
p
m
o
c

d
e
s
a
b
-
e
r
a
h
s

h
s
a
c

f
o

t
e
n

,
e
s
n
e
p
x
e

n
o
i
t
a
s
n
e
p
m
o
c

d
e
s
a
b
-
e
r
a
h
S

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n
i
g
n
i
l
l
o
r
t
n
o
c
n
o
n

o
t

d
e
t
a
c
o
l
l
a

e
m
o
c
n
i

t
e
N

)
0
1

e
t
o
N

(

s
e
r
a
h
s

n
o
m
m
o
c

f
o

u
e
i
l

n
i

d
i
a
p

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n
i
g
n
i
l
l
o
r
t
n
o
c
n
o
n
y
b

s
n
o
i
t
u
b
i
r
t
n
o
C

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n
i
g
n
i
l
l
o
r
t
n
o
c
n
o
n
f
o
n
o
i
t
i
s
i
u
q
c
A

e
m
o
c
n
i

t
e
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
E
G
A
R
O
T
S
C
I
L
B
U
P

Y
T
I
U
Q
E
F
O
S
T
N
E
M
E
T
A
T
S

)
s
t
n
u
o
m
a

e
r
a
h
s

r
e
p
d
n
a

e
r
a
h
s

t
p
e
c
x
e

,
s
d
n
a
s
u
o
h
t
n
i

s
t
n
u
o
m
A

(

l
a
t
o
T

y
t
i
u
q
E

g
n
i
l
l
o
r
t
n
o
c
n
o
N

’
s
r
e
d
l
o
h
e
r
a
h
S

e
v
i
s
n
e
h
e
r
p
m
o
C

d
e
t
a
l
u
m
u
c
c
A

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n
I

y
t
i
u
q
E

s
s
o
L

t
i
c
i
f
e
D

n
i
-
d
i
a
P

l
a
t
i
p
a
C

n
o
m
m
o
C

d
e
r
r
e
f
e
r
P

s
e
r
a
h
S

s
e
r
a
h
S

e
g
a
r
o
t
S
c
i
l
b
u
P

r
e
h
t
O

l
a
t
o
T

d
e
t
a
l
u
m
u
c
c
A

e
v
i
t
a
l
u
m
u
C

)
2
9
3
,
7
(

)
5
3
5
,
6
3
2
(

-

)
2
9
3
,
7
(

-

)
5
3
5
,
6
3
2
(

2
4
0
,
0
2

)
2
1
8
,
3
9
3
,
1
(

-

-

2
4
0
,
0
2

)
2
1
8
,
3
9
3
,
1
(

2
4
0
,
0
2

-

-

-

-

-

)
5
3
5
,
6
3
2
(

)
2
1
8
,
3
9
3
,
1
(

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

9
6
3
,
4
6
9
,
8

 $

0
6
3
,
4
2

$

9
0
0
,
0
4
9
,
8

 $

)
4
6
0
,
5
7
(

$

)
1
1
7
,
5
7
6
(

$

9
9
3
,
8
4
6
,
5

 $

5
8
3
,
7
1

 $

0
0
0
,
5
2
0
,
4

$

5
2
5
,
2
1

-

0
2
7
,
1

9
8
5
,
7
5

3
2
2
,
7
1
7
,
1

)
2
2
0
,
7
(

)
6
1
3
,
6
1
2
(

-

-

0
2
7
,
1

-

2
9
1
,
6

-

)
2
2
0
,
7
(

4
0
0
,
1
1

)
4
6
3
,
6
9
3
,
1
(

-

-

5
2
5
,
2
1

-

9
8
5
,
7
5

)
2
9
1
,
6
(

3
2
2
,
7
1
7
,
1

-

)
6
1
3
,
6
1
2
(

4
0
0
,
1
1

)
4
6
3
,
6
9
3
,
1
(

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

)
2
9
1
,
6
(

3
2
2
,
7
1
7
,
1

-

)
6
1
3
,
6
1
2
(

)
4
6
3
,
6
9
3
,
1
(

4
0
0
,
1
1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

9
8
5
,
7
5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

7
9
4
,
2
1

8
2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

8
2
7
,
4
4
1
,
9

 $

0
5
2
,
5
2

$

8
7
4
,
9
1
1
,
9

$

)
0
6
0
,
4
6
(

$

)
0
6
3
,
7
7
5
(

$

5
8
4
,
8
1
7
,
5

$

3
1
4
,
7
1

$

0
0
0
,
5
2
0
,
4

$

)
0
1
e
t
o
N

(

)
s
e
r
a
h
s

1
1
5
,
7
7
2
(

n
o
i
t
a
s
n
e
p
m
o
c

d
e
s
a
b
-
e
r
a
h
s

h
s
a
c

f
o

t
e
n

,
e
s
n
e
p
x
e

n
o
i
t
a
s
n
e
p
m
o
c

d
e
s
a
b
-
e
r
a
h
S

h
t
i

w
n
o
i
t
c
e
n
n
o
c

n
i

s
e
r
a
h
s

n
o
m
m
o
c

f
o
e
c
n
a
u
s
s
I

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n
i
g
n
i
l
l
o
r
t
n
o
c
n
o
n

o
t

d
e
t
a
c
o
l
l
a

e
m
o
c
n
i

t
e
N

)
0
1

e
t
o
N

(

s
e
r
a
h
s

n
o
m
m
o
c

f
o

u
e
i
l

n
i

d
i
a
p

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n
i
g
n
i
l
l
o
r
t
n
o
c
n
o
n
y
b

s
n
o
i
t
u
b
i
r
t
n
o
C

e
m
o
c
n
i

t
e
N

s
t
i
n
u
e
r
a
h
s

d
e
t
c
i
r
t
s
e
r

d
n
a

s
e
r
a
h
s

n
o
m
m
o
C

)
2

e
t
o
N

(

e
m
o
c
n
i

e
v
i
s
n
e
h
e
r
p
m
o
c

r
e
h
t
O

8
1
0
2

,
1
3
r
e
b
m
e
c
e
D

t
a

s
e
c
n
a
l
a
B

)
e
r
a
h
s

r
e
p
0
0
.
8
$
(

:
s
r
e
d
l
o
h
y
t
i
u
q
e

o
t

s
n
o
i
t
u
b
i
r
t
s
i
D

)
8
e
t
o
N

(

s
e
r
a
h
s

d
e
r
r
e
f
e
r
P

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n
i
g
n
i
l
l
o
r
t
n
o
c
n
o
N

s
t
i
n
u
e
r
a
h
s

d
e
t
c
i
r
t
s
e
r

d
n
a

s
e
r
a
h
s

n
o
m
m
o
C

)
2

e
t
o
N

(

e
m
o
c
n
i

e
v
i
s
n
e
h
e
r
p
m
o
c

r
e
h
t
O

7
1
0
2

,
1
3
r
e
b
m
e
c
e
D

t
a

s
e
c
n
a
l
a
B

)
e
r
a
h
s

r
e
p
0
0
.
8
$
(

:
s
r
e
d
l
o
h
y
t
i
u
q
e

o
t

s
n
o
i
t
u
b
i
r
t
s
i
D

)
8
e
t
o
N

(

s
e
r
a
h
s

d
e
r
r
e
f
e
r
P

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n
i
g
n
i
l
l
o
r
t
n
o
c
n
o
N

.
s
e
t
o
n

g
n
i
y
n
a
p
m
o
c
c
a

e
e
S

6
-
F

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
PUBLIC STORAGE 
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
 (Amounts in thousands) 

Cash flows from operating activities: 

Net income  
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash flows 
from operating activities: 

Gain due to Shurgard Europe public offering 

Gain on real estate investment sales 
Assets damaged due to hurricanes 
Depreciation and amortization 
Equity in earnings of unconsolidated real estate entities 
Distributions from retained earnings of unconsolidated  

real estate entities 

Foreign currency exchange (gain) loss 
Share-based compensation expense 
Other  

Total adjustments  
Net cash flows from operating activities  

Cash flows from investing activities: 

Capital expenditures to maintain real estate facilities   
Construction in process  
Acquisition of real estate facilities and intangible assets 
Distributions in excess of retained earnings from 

unconsolidated real estate entities 

Proceeds from sale of real estate investments 
Net cash flows from investing activities  

Cash flows from financing activities: 

Repayments on notes payable 
Issuance of notes payable  
Issuance of preferred shares  
Issuance of common shares  
Redemption of preferred shares  
Cash paid upon vesting of restricted share units 
Acquisition of noncontrolling interests  
Contributions by noncontrolling interests  
Distributions paid to Public Storage shareholders  
Distributions paid to noncontrolling interests  
Net cash flows from financing activities  

Net cash flows from operating, investing, and financing activities  
Net effect of foreign exchange translation  
(Decrease) increase in cash, equivalents, and restricted cash 

$ 

For the Years Ended December 31, 
2017 

2016 

2018 

$ 

 1,717,223   

$ 

 1,448,465   $ 

 1,460,439  

 (151,616)  

 (37,903)  
 -  
 483,646   
 (103,495)  

 109,754   
 (18,117)  
 69,936   
 (7,925) 
 344,280  
 2,061,503  

 (140,067)  
 (338,802)  
 (181,020)  

 91,927   
 54,184   
 (513,778) 

 (1,784)  
 -  
 -  
 12,525   
 -  
 (12,347)  
 -  
 1,720   
 (1,612,680)  
 (7,022)  
 (1,619,588)  
 (71,863)  
 (171)  
 (72,034)  

 - 

 (1,421) 
 3,286  
 454,526  
 (75,655) 

 53,749  
 50,045  
 37,548  
 5,136 
 527,214 
 1,975,679 

 (122,199) 
 (338,479) 
 (285,279) 

 - 
 6,103  
 (739,854)

 (1,701) 
 992,077  
 561,177  
 42,500  
 (922,500) 
 (14,092) 
 (14,425) 
 2,484  
 (1,630,347) 
 (7,392) 
 (992,219) 
 243,606  
 (126) 
 243,480   $ 

$ 

 - 

 (689) 
 - 
 433,314  
 (56,756) 

 84,397  
 (17,570) 
 37,483  
 4,718  
 484,897  
 1,945,336  

 (81,435) 
 (269,916) 
 (416,178) 

 67,420  
 998  
 (699,111) 

 (36,459) 
 113,620  
 1,136,203  
 25,541  
 (862,500) 
 (15,357) 
 - 
 3,470  
 (1,505,758) 
 (7,586) 
 (1,148,826) 
 97,399  
 (381) 
 97,018  

See accompanying notes. 
F-7 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
  
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
 (Amounts in thousands) 

For the Years Ended December 31, 
2017 

2016 

2018 

Cash, equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of the period:  

Cash and equivalents  
Restricted cash included in other assets 

Cash, equivalents, and restricted cash at end of the period:  

Cash and equivalents  
Restricted cash included in other assets 

Supplemental schedule of non-cash investing and 
financing activities: 

Foreign currency translation adjustment: 

Real estate facilities, net of accumulated depreciation  
Investments in unconsolidated real estate entities  
Notes payable 
Accumulated other comprehensive gain (loss) 

Reclassification of existing investment to real estate in connection 
with property acquisition (Note 3): 
Real estate facilities 
Investments in unconsolidated real estate entities 

Real estate acquired in exchange for assumption of notes payable 
Notes payable assumed in connection with acquisition of real estate 

Accrued development costs and capital expenditures: 

Capital expenditures to maintain real estate facilities   
Construction in process  
Accrued and other liabilities 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 433,376   
 22,677   
 456,053   

 361,218   
 22,801   
 384,019   

 203   
 15,997   
 (18,285)  
 1,914   

 183,688   $ 
 28,885  
 212,573   $ 

 104,285  
 11,270  
 115,555  

 433,376   $ 
 22,677  
 456,053   $ 

 183,688  
 28,885  
 212,573  

$ 

 (659) 
 (19,370) 
 49,906  
 (30,003) 

 1,317  
 24,099  
 (17,750) 
 (8,047) 

 -  
 -  

 -  
 -  

 (6,310) 
 6,310  

 - 
 - 

 - 
 -

 (12,945) 
 12,945  

 670   
 (23,595)  
 22,925   

 (2,581)
 (11,233) 
 13,814  

 (4,612) 
 (18,238) 
 22,850  

See accompanying notes. 
F-8 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

1.  Description of the Business 

Public  Storage  (referred  to  herein  as  “the  Company,”  “we,”  “us,”  or  “our”),  a  Maryland  real  estate 
investment trust (“REIT”), was organized in 1980.  Our principal business activities include the ownership and 
operation of self-storage facilities which offer storage spaces for lease, generally on a month-to-month basis, for 
personal and business use, ancillary activities such as merchandise sales and tenant reinsurance to the tenants at 
our self-storage facilities, as well as the acquisition and development of additional self-storage space.   

At December 31, 2018, we have direct and indirect equity interests in 2,429 self-storage facilities (with 
approximately 162 million net rentable square feet) located in 38 states in the United States (“U.S.”) operating 
under  the  “Public  Storage”  name.    We  also  have  a  35.2%  interest  in  Shurgard  Self  Storage  SA  (“Shurgard 
Europe”), which owns 232 self-storage facilities (with approximately 13 million net rentable square feet) located 
in seven Western European countries, all operating under the “Shurgard” name.  We also have direct and indirect 
equity interests in approximately 29 million net rentable square feet of commercial space located in seven states 
in the U.S. primarily owned and operated by PS Business Parks, Inc. (“PSB”) under the “PS Business Parks” 
name.  At December 31, 2018, we have an approximate 42% common equity interest in PSB. 

Disclosures of the number and square footage of facilities, as well as the number and coverage of tenant 
reinsurance  policies  (Note  13)  are  unaudited  and  outside  the  scope  of  our  independent  registered  public 
accounting firm’s review of our financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company 
Accounting Oversight Board (U.S.).  

2.  Summary of Significant Accounting Policies 

Basis of Presentation 

The financial statements are presented on an accrual basis in accordance with U.S. generally accepted 
accounting principles (“GAAP”) as defined in the Financial Accounting Standards Board Accounting Standards 
Codification (the “Codification”).   

Consolidation and Equity Method of Accounting 

We  consider  entities  to  be  Variable  Interest  Entities  (“VIEs”)  when  they  have  insufficient  equity  to 
finance their activities without additional subordinated financial support provided by other parties, or the equity 
holders as a group do not have a controlling financial interest.  We consolidate VIEs when we have (i) the power 
to direct the activities most significantly impacting economic performance, and (ii) either the obligation to absorb 
losses  or  the  right  to  receive  benefits  from  the  VIE.    We  have  no  involvement  with  any  material  VIEs.    We 
consolidate all other entities when we control them through voting shares or contractual rights.  The entities we 
consolidate, for the period in which the reference applies, are referred to collectively as the “Subsidiaries,” and 
we eliminate intercompany transactions and balances.   

We account for our investments in entities that we do not consolidate but have significant influence over 
using the equity method of accounting.  These entities, for the periods in which the reference applies, are referred 
to  collectively  as  the  “Unconsolidated  Real  Estate  Entities”,  eliminating  intra-entity  profits  and  losses  and 
amortizing any differences between the cost of our investment and the underlying equity in net assets against 
equity in earnings as if the Unconsolidated Real Estate Entity were a consolidated subsidiary.  Equity in earnings 
of unconsolidated real estate  entities represents our pro-rata share of the earnings of the Unconsolidated Real 
Estate Entities.   

F-9 

 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

When we begin consolidating an entity,  we reflect our preexisting equity interest at book value.   All 

changes in consolidation status are reflected prospectively. 

Collectively, at December 31, 2018, the Company and the Subsidiaries own 2,429 self-storage facilities 
and three commercial facilities in the U.S.  At December 31, 2018, the Unconsolidated Real Estate Entities are 
comprised of PSB and Shurgard Europe. 

Use of Estimates 

The financial statements and accompanying notes reflect our estimates and assumptions.  Actual results 

could differ from those estimates and assumptions. 

Income Taxes 

We have elected to be treated as a REIT, as defined in the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended 
(the “Code”).  As a REIT, we do not incur federal income tax if we distribute 100% of our REIT taxable income 
each  year,  and  if  we  meet  certain  organizational  and  operational  rules.    We  believe  we  have  met  these  REIT 
requirements for all periods presented herein.  Accordingly,  we have recorded no federal income tax expense 
related to our REIT taxable income.  

Our merchandise and tenant reinsurance operations are subject to corporate income tax and such taxes 
are included in ancillary cost of operations.  We also incur income and other taxes in certain states, which are 
included in general and administrative expense.   

We recognize tax benefits of uncertain income tax positions that are subject to audit only if we believe 
it is more likely than not that the position would ultimately be sustained assuming the relevant taxing authorities 
had full knowledge of the relevant facts and circumstances of our positions.  As of December 31, 2018, we had 
no tax benefits that were not recognized. 

Real Estate Facilities 

Real estate facilities are recorded at cost.  We capitalize all costs incurred to acquire, develop, construct, 
renovate and improve facilities, including interest and property taxes incurred during the construction period and, 
effective  October  1,  2016,  the  external  transaction  costs  associated  with  acquisitions  of  real  estate.    Prior  to 
October 1, 2016, transaction costs for acquisitions were included in general and administrative expense on our 
income  statements.    This  change  was  made  due  to  a  change  in  GAAP,  which  results  in  real  estate  facility 
acquisitions generally being considered acquisitions of assets rather than business combinations.  We allocate the 
net acquisition cost of acquired real estate facilities to the underlying land, buildings, and identified intangible 
assets based upon their respective individual estimated fair values.   

Costs associated with dispositions of real estate, as well as repairs and maintenance costs, are expensed 
as  incurred.    We  depreciate  buildings  and  improvements  on  a  straight-line  basis  over  estimated  useful  lives 
ranging generally between 5 to 25 years. 

When  we  sell  a  full  or  partial  interest  in  a  real  estate  facility  without  retaining  a  controlling  interest 
following sale, we recognize a gain or loss on sale as if 100% of the property was sold at fair value.  If we retain 
a controlling interest following the sale, we record a gain or loss on a pro-rata basis based upon the interest sold. 

F-10 

 
 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

Other Assets 

Other assets primarily consist of rents receivable from our tenants, prepaid expenses and restricted cash. 

Accrued and Other Liabilities 

Accrued and other liabilities consist primarily of rents prepaid by our tenants, trade payables, property 
tax accruals, accrued payroll, accrued tenant reinsurance losses, and contingent loss accruals when probable and 
estimable.  We believe the fair value of our accrued and other liabilities approximates book value, due to the short 
period until repayment.  We disclose the nature of significant unaccrued losses that are reasonably possible of 
occurring and, if estimable, a range of exposure.  

Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, Marketable Securities and Other Financial Instruments 

Cash equivalents represent highly liquid financial instruments such as money market funds with daily 
liquidity or short-term commercial paper or treasury securities maturing within three months of acquisition.  Cash 
and equivalents which are restricted from general corporate use are included in other assets.  We believe that the 
book value of all such financial instruments for all periods presented approximates fair value, due to the short 
period to maturity. 

Fair Value 

As used herein, the term “fair value” is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer 
a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants.  Our estimates of fair value involve considerable 
judgment and are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized in current market exchanges.  

We estimate the fair value of our cash and equivalents,  marketable securities, other assets, debt, and 
other liabilities by discounting the related future cash flows at a rate based upon quoted interest rates for securities 
that have similar characteristics such as credit quality and time to maturity.  Such quoted interest rates are referred 
to generally as “Level 2” inputs. 

We use significant judgment to estimate fair values of investments in real estate, goodwill, and other 
intangible assets.  In estimating their values, we consider significant unobservable inputs such as market prices 
of land, market capitalization rates, expected returns, earnings multiples, projected levels of earnings, costs of 
construction, and functional depreciation.  These inputs are referred to generally as “Level 3” inputs.  

Currency and Credit Risk 

Financial instruments that are exposed to credit risk consist primarily of cash and equivalents, certain 
portions  of  other  assets  including  rents  receivable  from  our  tenants  and  restricted  cash.    Cash  equivalents  we 
invest in are either money market funds with a rating of at least AAA by Standard & Poor’s, commercial paper 
that is rated A1 by Standard & Poor’s or deposits with highly rated commercial banks. 

At  December  31,  2018,  due  primarily  to  our  investment  in  Shurgard  Europe  (Note  4)  and  our  notes 
payable denominated in Euros (Note 6), our operating results and financial position are affected by fluctuations 
in  currency  exchange  rates  between  the  Euro,  and  to  a  lesser  extent,  other  European  currencies,  against  the 
U.S. Dollar.   

F-11 

 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets  

Intangible assets are comprised of goodwill, the “Shurgard” trade name, acquired customers in place, 

and leasehold interests in land.  

Goodwill totaled $174.6 million at December 31, 2018 and 2017.  The “Shurgard” trade name, which is 
used  by  Shurgard  Europe  pursuant  to  a  fee-based  licensing  agreement,  has  a  book  value  of  $18.8 million  at 
December  31,  2018  and  2017.    Goodwill  and  the  “Shurgard”  trade  name  have  indefinite  lives  and  are  not 
amortized. 

Acquired  customers  in  place  and  leasehold  interests  in  land  are  finite-lived  assets  and  are  amortized 
relative  to  the  benefit  of  the  customers  in  place  or  the  benefit  to  land  lease  expense  to  each  period.    At 
December 31, 2018, these intangibles had a net book value of $16.5 million ($21.5 million at December 31, 2017).  
Accumulated amortization totaled $29.6 million at December 31, 2018 ($31.0 million at December 31, 2017), 
and amortization expense of $16.6 million, $15.0 million and $21.7 million was recorded in 2018, 2017 and 2016, 
respectively.  The estimated future amortization expense for our finite-lived intangible assets at December 31, 
2018 is approximately $9.2 million in 2019, $2.5 million in 2020 and $4.8 million thereafter.  During 2018, 2017 
and 2016, intangibles increased $11.6 million, $17.2 million and $23.0 million, respectively, in connection with 
the acquisition of self-storage facilities (Note 3). 

Evaluation of Asset Impairment 

We evaluate our real estate and finite-lived intangible assets for impairment each quarter.  If there are 
indicators of impairment and we determine that the asset is not recoverable from future undiscounted cash flows 
to  be  received  through  the  asset’s  remaining  life  (or,  if  earlier,  the  expected  disposal  date),  we  record  an 
impairment charge to the extent the carrying amount exceeds the asset’s estimated fair value or net proceeds from 
expected disposal.   

We evaluate our investments in unconsolidated real estate entities for impairment on a quarterly basis.  
We record an impairment charge to the extent the carrying amount exceeds estimated fair value, when we believe 
any such shortfall is other than temporary.    

We evaluate goodwill for impairment annually and whenever relevant events, circumstances and other 
related factors indicate that fair value of the related reporting unit may be less than the carrying amount.  If we 
determine that the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds the aggregate carrying amount, no impairment charge 
is recorded.  Otherwise, we record an impairment charge to the extent the carrying amount of the goodwill exceeds 
the amount that would be allocated to goodwill if the reporting unit were acquired for estimated fair value.     

We evaluate other indefinite-lived intangible assets, such as the “Shurgard” trade name for impairment 
at least annually and whenever relevant events, circumstances and other related factors indicate that the fair value 
is less than the carrying amount.  When we conclude that it is likely that the asset is not impaired, we do not 
record an impairment charge and no further analysis is performed.  Otherwise, we record an impairment charge 
to the extent the carrying amount exceeds the asset’s estimated fair value.   

No impairments were recorded in any of our evaluations for any period presented herein. 

Casualty Loss 

We record casualty losses for a) the book value of assets destroyed and b) incremental repair, clean-up, 
and other costs associated with the casualty.  Insurance proceeds are recorded as a reduction in casualty loss when 

F-12 

 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

all  uncertainties  of  collection  are  satisfied.    During  2017,  we  incurred  casualty  losses  totaling  $7.8  million, 
comprised of $3.3 million in book value of assets damaged and $4.5 million in repairs and maintenance incurred 
in connection with Hurricanes Harvey and Irma.   

Revenue and Expense Recognition 

Revenues from self-storage facilities, which are primarily composed of rental income earned pursuant 
to month-to-month leases, as well as associated late charges and administrative fees, are recognized as earned.  
Promotional discounts reduce rental income over the promotional period, which is generally one month.  Ancillary 
revenues and interest and other income are recognized when earned.    

We  accrue  for  property  tax  expense  based  upon  actual  amounts  billed  and,  in  some  circumstances, 
estimates when bills or assessments have not been received from the taxing authorities.  If these estimates are 
incorrect,  the  timing  and  amount  of  expense  recognition  could  be  incorrect.    Cost  of  operations  (including 
advertising expenditures), general and administrative expense, and interest expense are expensed as incurred.   

Foreign Currency Exchange Translation  

The local currency (primarily the Euro) is the functional currency for our interests in foreign operations.  
The related balance sheet amounts are translated into U.S. Dollars at the exchange rates at the respective financial 
statement date, while amounts on our statements of income are translated at the average exchange rates during 
the  respective  period.    When  financial  instruments  denominated  in  a  currency  other  than  the  U.S.  Dollar  are 
expected to be settled in cash in the foreseeable future, the impact of changes in the U.S. Dollar equivalent are 
reflected in current earnings.  The Euro was translated at exchange rates of approximately 1.144 U.S. Dollars per 
Euro at December 31, 2018 (1.198 at December 31, 2017), and average exchange rates of 1.181, 1.129 and 1.107 
for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  Cumulative translation adjustments, to the 
extent  not  included  in  cumulative  net  income,  are  included  in  equity  as  a  component  of  accumulated  other 
comprehensive income (loss).  

Comprehensive Income  

Total comprehensive income represents net income, adjusted for changes in other comprehensive income 
(loss)  for  the  applicable  period.    The  aggregate  foreign  currency  exchange  gains  and  losses  reflected  on  our 
statements of comprehensive income are comprised primarily of foreign currency exchange gains and losses on 
our investment in Shurgard Europe and our unsecured notes denominated in Euros. 

Net Income per Common Share 

Net income is allocated to (i) noncontrolling interests based upon their share of the net income of the 
Subsidiaries, (ii) preferred shareholders, to the extent redemption cost exceeds the related original net issuance 
proceeds  (an  “EITF  D-42  allocation”),  and  (iii)  the  remaining  net  income  is  allocated  to  each  of  our  equity 
securities based upon the dividends declared or accumulated during the period, combined with participation rights 
in undistributed earnings.   

Basic and diluted net income per common share are each calculated based upon net income allocable to 
common shareholders presented on the face of our income statement, divided by (i) in the case of basic net income 
per common share, weighted average common shares, and (ii) in the case of diluted income per share, weighted 
average common shares adjusted for the impact, if dilutive, of stock options outstanding (Note 10).  The following 
table reconciles from basic to diluted common shares outstanding (amounts in thousands): 

F-13 

 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

  Weighted average common shares and equivalents 

outstanding: 

Basic weighted average common 

shares outstanding  

Net effect of dilutive stock options - 
based on treasury stock method  
Diluted weighted average common  

shares outstanding  

For the Years Ended December 31, 
2017 

2018 

2016 

 173,969     

 173,613  

 173,091 

 328     

 538  

 787 

 174,297     

 174,151  

 173,878 

3. 

Real Estate Facilities 

Activity in real estate facilities during 2018, 2017 and 2016 is as follows:  

Operating facilities, at cost: 
Beginning balance  
Capital expenditures to maintain real estate facilities 
Acquisitions  
Dispositions 
Assets damaged due to hurricanes 
Developed or redeveloped facilities opened for operation 
Impact of foreign exchange rate changes  
Ending balance  

Accumulated depreciation: 
Beginning balance  
Depreciation expense  
Dispositions 
Assets damaged due to hurricanes 
Impact of foreign exchange rate changes  
Ending balance  
Construction in process: 
Beginning balance  
Current development  
Developed or redeveloped facilities opened for operation 
Dispositions 
Transfer from (to) other assets 
Ending balance  

Total real estate facilities at December 31,  

$ 

2018 

For the Years Ended December 31, 
2017 
(Amounts in thousands) 

2016 

$  14,665,989 
 139,397 
 169,436 
 (25,633) 
 - 
 348,270 
 (615) 
 15,296,844 

 $  13,963,229 
 124,780 
 274,115 
 (1,092) 
 (8,226) 
 311,559 
 1,624 
    14,665,989 

$  13,205,261 
 86,047 
 406,154 
 - 
 - 
 268,905 
 (3,138) 
  13,963,229 

 (5,700,331) 
 (457,029) 
 16,876 
 - 
 412 
 (6,140,072) 

     (5,270,963) 
 (433,466) 
 123 
 4,940 
 (965) 
     (5,700,331) 

   (4,866,738) 
 (406,046) 
 - 
 - 
 1,821 
   (5,270,963) 

 264,441 
 362,397 
 (348,270) 
 (2,698) 
 9,469 
 285,339 
 9,442,111 

 230,310 
 349,712 
 (311,559) 
 (4,022) 
 - 
 264,441 
 9,230,099 

 219,190 
 288,154 
 (268,905) 
 - 
 (8,129) 
 230,310 
 8,922,576 

$ 

 $ 

During 2018, we acquired 25 self-storage facilities (1.6 million net rentable square feet), for a total cost 
of $181.0 million in cash, of which $11.6 million was allocated to intangible assets.  We completed development 
and redevelopment activities costing $348.3 million during 2018, adding 3.0 million net rentable square feet of 
self-storage space.  Construction in process at December 31, 2018 consists of projects to develop new self-storage 

F-14 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

facilities and redevelop existing self-storage facilities.  On October 18, 2018, we sold our property in West London 
to  Shurgard  Europe  for  $42.1  million  and  recorded  a  related  gain  on  sale  of  real  estate  of  approximately 
$31.5 million.  This gain was net of the recognition of a cumulative other comprehensive loss totaling $4.8 million 
with  respect  to  foreign  currency  translation.    On  October  25,  2018,  we  sold  a  former  commercial  facility  for 
$8.7 million and recorded a related gain on sale of real estate of approximately  $4.6 million.  During 2018, we 
also sold portions of real estate facilities in connection with eminent domain proceedings for $3.4 million in cash 
proceeds and recorded a related gain on sale of real estate of approximately $1.8 million.  During 2018, we also 
transferred $9.5 million of accumulated construction costs from other assets to construction in process. 

During  2017,  we  acquired  22  self-storage  facilities  from  third  parties  (1,365,000 net  rentable  square 
feet), for a total cost of $149.8 million, in cash.  Approximately  $8.2 million of the total cost was allocated to 
intangible assets.  On December 31, 2017, we acquired the remaining 74.25% of the interests which we did not 
own in one of the unconsolidated entities that owned 12 self-storage facilities (749,000 net rentable square feet) 
for  a  total  cost  of  $135.5  million  in  cash.    Approximately  $9.0 million  of  the  $141.8  million  acquisition  cost 
(which includes the $6.3 million book value of our existing investment) was allocated to intangible assets and 
$0.3 million was allocated to other assets.  

We completed development and redevelopment activities during 2017, adding 2.7 million net rentable 
square feet of self-storage space, at an aggregate cost of $311.6 million.  During 2017, we sold real estate for a 
total of approximately $6.4 million in cash proceeds, of which $0.3 million was collected in 2016, and recorded 
a related gain on real estate investment sales of approximately $1.4 million in 2017. 

During 2016, we acquired 55 self-storage facilities (4,121,000 net rentable square feet), for a total cost 
of $429.1 million, consisting of $416.2 million in cash and the assumption of $12.9 million in mortgage notes.  
Approximately $23.0 million of the total cost was allocated to intangible assets.  We completed development and 
redevelopment  activities  during  2016,  adding  2,275,000  net  rentable  square  feet  of  self-storage  space,  at  an 
aggregate cost of  $268.9 million.   During 2016, we also transferred  $8.1 million of accumulated construction 
costs to other assets, with respect to a development project that was suspended. 

At  December  31,  2018,  the  adjusted  basis  of  real  estate  facilities  for  U.S.  federal  tax  purposes  was 

approximately $10.0 billion (unaudited). 

4. 

Investments in Unconsolidated Real Estate Entities 

The following table  sets forth our investments in, and equity in earnings of, the Unconsolidated Real 

Estate Entities (amounts in thousands): 

Investments in Unconsolidated Real   Equity in Earnings of Unconsolidated Real Estate 

Entities at December 31, 
2017 
2018 

Entities for the Year Ended December 31, 
2016 
2017 
2018 

PSB  
Shurgard Europe  
Other Investments 
Total  

$ 

$ 

 434,533 
 349,455 
 - 
 783,988 

 $ 

 $ 

 400,133 
 324,040 
 - 
 724,173 

 $ 

 $ 

 89,362 
 14,133 
 - 
 103,495 

 $ 

 $ 

 46,544 
 25,948 
 3,163 
 75,655 

 $ 

 $ 

 31,707 
 22,324 
 2,725 
 56,756 

F-15 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
  
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

Investment in PSB 

PSB is a REIT traded on the New York Stock Exchange.  We have an approximate 42% common equity 
interest in PSB as of December 31, 2018 and 2017, comprised of our ownership of 7,158,354 shares of PSB’s 
common stock and 7,305,355 limited partnership units (“LP Units”) in an operating partnership controlled by 
PSB.  The LP Units are convertible at our option, subject to certain conditions, on a one-for-one basis into PSB 
common stock.  Based upon the closing price at December 31, 2018 ($131.00 per share of PSB common stock), 
the shares and units we owned had a market value of approximately $1.9 billion.  At December 31, 2018, the 
adjusted tax basis of our investment in PSB approximates book value (unaudited). 

During  2018,  2017,  and  2016,  we  received  cash  distributions  from  PSB  totaling  $55.0  million, 

$49.2 million, and $43.4 million, respectively.   

At December 31, 2018, our pro-rata investment in PSB’s real estate assets included in investment in real 
estate entities exceeds our pro-rata share of the underlying amounts on PSB’s balance sheet presented below by 
approximately $7.4 million ($10.9 million at December 31, 2017).  This differential (the “PSB Basis Differential”) 
is  being  amortized  as  a  reduction  to  equity  in  earnings  of  the  Unconsolidated  Real  Estate  Entities.    Such 
amortization totaled approximately $1.8  million, $1.3 million, and $1.8 million during  2018, 2017, and 2016, 
respectively.  

Our equity in earnings of PSB is comprised of our equity interest in PSB’s earnings as reflected in the 

table below, less amortization of the PSB Basis Differential.  

The  following  table  sets  forth  selected  financial  information  of  PSB.    The  amounts  represent  all  of 

PSB’s balances and not our pro-rata share. 

For the year ended December 31, 

Revenues 
Costs of operations  
Depreciation and amortization  
General and administrative  
Other items  
Gains on sale of real estate 
Net income before allocation to preferred 

2018 

2017 

2016 

(Amounts in thousands) 

$ 

$ 

 413,516  
 (126,547)  
 (99,242)  
 (10,155)  
 1,875  
 93,484  

$ 

 402,179 
 (125,340) 
 (94,270) 
 (9,679) 
 (1,148) 
 7,574 

 386,871 
 (123,108) 
 (99,486) 
 (14,862) 
 (4,431) 
 - 

shareholders and restricted share unitholders  

 272,931  

 179,316 

 144,984 

Allocations to preferred shareholders and 

restricted share unitholders  

Net income allocated to common shareholders 

and LP Unitholders 

Total assets (primarily real estate) 
Preferred stock called for redemption 
Other liabilities  
Equity: 

Preferred stock 
Common equity and LP units  

 (53,803)  

 (64,612) 

 (65,157) 

 219,128  

$ 

 114,704 

$ 

 79,827 

$ 

 2,068,594  
 - 
 85,141 

 2,100,159 
 130,000 
 80,223 

  $ 

 2,119,371 
 230,000 
 78,657 

 959,750 
 1,023,703 

 959,750 
 930,186 

 879,750 
 930,964 

$ 

$ 

F-16 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
     
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

Investment in Shurgard Europe 

On  October  15,  2018,  Shurgard  Europe  completed  an  initial  global  offering  (the  “Offering”)  of  its 
common  shares,  and  its  shares  commenced  trading  on  Euronext  Brussels  under  the  “SHUR”  symbol.    In  the 
Offering, Shurgard Europe issued 25,000,000 of its shares to third parties at a price of €23 per share.  Our equity 
interest, comprised of a direct and indirect pro-rata ownership interest in 31,268,459 shares, decreased from 49% 
to 35.2% as a result of the Offering.  While we did not sell any of our shares in the Offering, we recorded a gain 
of $151.6 million reflected as “Gain due to Shurgard Europe Public Offering” on our income statement, as if we 
had  sold  a  proportionate  share  of  our  investment  in  Shurgard  Europe.   The  gain  resulted  in  a  $174.0  million 
increase in our investment in Shurgard Europe and a $22.4 million reduction in other comprehensive loss with 
respect to cumulative foreign currency translation losses for Shurgard Europe.   

Based upon the closing price at December 31, 2018 (€24.25 per share of SHUR common stock, at 1.144 
exchange  rate  of  US  Dollars  to  the  Euro),  the  shares  we  owned  had  a  market  value  of  approximately 
$867.4 million.   

Our equity in earnings of Shurgard Europe is comprised of our equity share of Shurgard Europe’s net 
income included in the tables below and our equity share of the trademark license fees that Shurgard Europe pays 
to us for the use of the “Shurgard” trademark.  The remaining license fees we receive from Shurgard Europe are 
classified as interest and other income on our income statement.   

We  received  cash  distributions  from  Shurgard  Europe  totaling  $146.7  million,  $1.3  million,  and 
$105.6 million in 2018, 2017, and 2016, respectively.  Included in these amounts is our share of a distribution 
paid to Shurgard’s equity shareholders totaling $145.4 million in 2018 and $104.4 million in 2016.  The remaining 
amounts represent our equity share of trademark license fees we received, which are presented as distributions 
from Shurgard Europe.  For 2018 and 2016, $91.9 million and $67.4 million, respectively, of the distributions 
received  exceeded  our  cumulative  retained  earnings  from  Shurgard  Europe  and  are  presented  as  an  investing 
activity on our statements of cash flows for each of the respective periods. 

Changes  in  foreign  currency  exchange  rates  decreased  our  investment  in  Shurgard  Europe  by 
approximately $16.0 million in 2018, increased it by $19.4 million in 2017 and decreased it by $24.1 million in 
2016.  Included in our equity in earnings of Shurgard Europe for 2016 is a $941,000 increase for the recognition 
of accumulated comprehensive income, representing a decrease to equity rather than an increase to investments 
in Unconsolidated Real Estate Entities. 

The  following  table  sets  forth  selected  consolidated  financial  information  of  Shurgard  Europe  based 
upon all of Shurgard Europe’s balances for all periods, rather than our pro rata share.  Such amounts are based 
upon our historical acquired book basis. 

F-17 

 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

2018 

2017 

2016 

(Amounts in thousands) 

For the year ended December 31, 

Self-storage and ancillary revenues  
Self-storage and ancillary cost of operations  
Depreciation and amortization  
General and administrative 
Interest expense on third party debt   
Trademark license fee payable to Public Storage  
Income tax expense 
Gain on real estate investment sale 
Other, net (a) 

  $ 

 284,992   $ 
 (104,376)  
 (82,655)  
 (11,755)  
 (22,749)  
 (2,852)  
 (22,775)  
 1,969  
 (14,726)  

 265,088   $ 
 (98,510)  
 (63,282)  
 (12,465)  
 (20,759)  
 (2,647)  
 (17,601)  
 -  
 484  

Net income  
Average exchange rates of Euro to the U.S. Dollar  

  $ 

 25,073   $ 

 50,308   $ 

 1.181  

 1.129  

 252,321 
 (97,099) 
 (62,829) 
 (13,199) 
 (20,617) 
 (2,531) 
 (10,669) 
 - 
 (2,348) 

 43,029 
 1.107 

          (a) Amounts for the year ended December 31, 2018 include $5.5 million in costs 
               incurred with respect to Shurgard Europe's initial global offering and a $7.3 million 
               casualty loss with respect to a fire at one of Shurgard Europe's facilities.   

2018 

2017 
(Amounts in thousands) 

2016 

As of December 31, 

Total assets (primarily self-storage facilities and cash)  
Total debt to third parties  
Other liabilities  
Equity  

  $ 

 1,736,654   $ 
 693,704   
 143,963   
 898,987   

 1,416,477   $ 
 726,617  
 143,638  
 546,222  

 1,261,912 
 666,926 
 106,916 
 488,070 

Exchange rate of Euro to U.S. Dollar  

 1.144  

 1.198  

 1.052 

Other Investments 

On December 31, 2017, we acquired the remaining 74.25% equity interest we did not own in the Other 
Investments for $135.5 million, in cash, and began to consolidate the 12 self-storage facilities owned by the Other 
Investments.   

5.  Credit Facility 

We have a revolving credit agreement (the “Credit Facility”) with a $500 million borrowing limit, which 
expires on  March 31, 2020.  Amounts drawn on the Credit Facility bear annual interest at rates ranging from 
LIBOR plus 0.850% to LIBOR plus 1.450% depending upon the ratio of our Total Indebtedness to Gross Asset 
Value (as defined in the Credit Facility) (LIBOR plus 0.850% at December 31, 2018).  We are also required to 
pay a quarterly facility fee ranging from 0.080% per annum to 0.250% per annum depending upon the ratio of 
our Total Indebtedness to our Gross Asset Value (0.080% per annum at December 31, 2018).  At December 31, 
2018 and February 27, 2019, we had  no outstanding borrowings under this Credit Facility.  We had undrawn 
standby  letters  of  credit,  which  reduce  our  borrowing  capacity,  totaling  $16.2 million  at  December 31,  2018 
($16.1 million at December 31, 2017).  The Credit Facility has various customary restrictive covenants, all of 
which we were in compliance with at December 31, 2018. 

F-18 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 497,525  
 494,868  
 992,393  

 119,795  
 289,921  
 409,716  

PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

6.  Notes Payable 

Our notes payable at December 31, 2018 and 2017 are set forth in the table below: 

Amounts at December 31, 2018 

Coupon  Effective  

Rate 

  Rate 

Principal  

   Unamortized    
Costs    

Book   
Value   
($ amounts in thousands) 

Fair  

Book Value at 
Value    December 31, 2017 

U.S. Dollar Denominated Unsecured Debt 
Notes due September 2022  
Notes due September 2027  

2.370%   2.483%   $ 
3.094%   3.218%     

 500,000    $ 
 500,000     
     1,000,000     

 (1,947)   $  498,053    $  482,017    $ 
 (4,604)    
 (6,551)    

 469,055     
 951,072     

 495,396     
 993,449     

Euro Denominated Unsecured Debt 
Notes due April 2024 
Notes due November 2025  

1.540%   1.540%     
2.175%   2.175%     

Mortgage Debt, secured by 30 
  real estate facilities with a net   
  book value of $111.0 million  4.090%   4.045%     

 114,449     
 276,982     
 391,431     

 -    
 -    
 -    

 114,449     
 276,982     
 391,431     

 115,964      
 286,078      
 402,042     

 27,403     

 -    

 27,403     

 27,613     

 29,213  

 $  1,418,834    $ 

 (6,551)   $ 1,412,283    $  1,380,727    $ 

 1,431,322  

U.S. Dollar Denominated Unsecured Debt  

On September 18, 2017, we issued, in a public offering,  two tranches each totaling $500.0 million of 
U.S. Dollar denominated unsecured notes (the “U.S. Dollar Notes”).  In connection with the offering, we incurred 
a total of $7.9 million in costs, which is reflected as a reduction in the principal amount and amortized, using the 
effective interest method, over the term of each respective note.  Interest on the U.S. Dollar Notes is payable semi-
annually on March 15 and September 15 of each year, commencing March 15, 2018.   

The U.S. Dollar Notes have various financial covenants, all of which we  were in compliance with at 
December  31,  2018.    Included  in  these  covenants  are  a)  a  maximum  Debt  to  Total  Assets  of  65%  (4.2%  at 
December 31, 2018) and b) a minimum ratio of Adjusted EBITDA to Interest Expense of 1.5x (67.4x for the year 
ended  December  31,  2018)  as  well  as  covenants  limiting  the  amount  we  can  encumber  our  properties  with 
mortgage debt.   

Euro Denominated Unsecured Debt 

Our Euro-denominated unsecured notes (the “Euro Notes”) are payable to institutional investors.  The 
Euro Notes consist of two tranches, (i) €242.0 million were issued on November 3, 2015 for $264.3 million in 
net proceeds upon converting the Euros to U.S. Dollars and (ii) €100.0 million were issued on April 12, 2016 for 
$113.6 million in net proceeds upon converting the Euros to U.S. Dollars.  Interest is payable semi-annually.  The 
Euro Notes have various customary financial covenants, all of which we were in compliance with at December 31, 
2018. 

We reflect changes in the U.S. Dollar equivalent of the amount payable, as a result of changes in foreign 
exchange rates as “foreign currency exchange (loss) gain” on our income statement (gain of  $18.1 million for 
2018, loss of $50.0 million for 2017 and gain of $17.6 million for 2016).   

F-19 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
     
     
     
 
 
    
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
    
     
     
     
     
 
 
    
     
     
     
     
 
 
  
    
     
     
     
     
 
 
  
 
 
  
    
     
     
     
     
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

Mortgage Debt 

Our non-recourse mortgage debt was assumed in connection with property acquisitions and recorded at 

fair value with any premium or discount to the stated note balance amortized using the effective interest method.   

During 2016, we assumed mortgage notes with aggregate contractual values of $12.9 million and 

interest rates of 4.2%, which approximated market rates, in connection with the acquisition of real estate 
facilities. 

At December 31, 2018, the notes’ contractual interest rates are fixed, ranging between 3.2% and 7.1%, 

and mature between November 2022 and September 2028. 

At December 31, 2018, approximate principal maturities of our Notes Payable are as follows (amounts 

in thousands): 

2019 
2020 
2021 
2022 
2023 
Thereafter  

Weighted average effective rate  

Unsecured 
Debt 

Mortgage 
Debt 

$ 

$ 

 -  
 -  
 -  
 500,000  
 -  
 891,431  
 1,391,431  
2.6%  

$ 

$ 

 1,867  
 1,958  
 1,836  
 2,522  
 19,161  
 59  
 27,403  
4.0%  

$ 

$ 

Total 

 1,867 
 1,958 
 1,836 
 502,522 
 19,161 
 891,490 
 1,418,834 
2.6% 

Cash paid for interest totaled $36.3 million, $16.8 million and $9.4 million for 2018, 2017 and 2016, 
respectively.  Interest capitalized as real estate totaled $4.8 million, $4.4 million and $5.1 million for 2018, 2017 
and 2016, respectively. 

7.  Noncontrolling Interests 

At  December  31,  2018,  the  noncontrolling  interests  represent  (i)  third-party  equity  interests  in 
subsidiaries owning 17 operating self-storage facilities and five self-storage facilities that are under construction 
and (ii) 231,978 partnership units held by third-parties in a subsidiary that are convertible on a one-for-one basis 
(subject to certain limitations) into common shares of the Company at the option of the unitholder (coll ectively, 
the “Noncontrolling Interests”).  At December 31, 2018, the Noncontrolling Interests cannot require us to redeem 
their interests, other than pursuant to a liquidation of the subsidiary.  During 2018, 2017 and 2016, we allocated 
a  total  of  $6.2  million,  $6.2 million  and  $6.9  million,  respectively,  of  income  to  these  interests;  and  we  paid 
$7.0 million, $7.4 million and $7.6 million, respectively, in distributions to these interests.   

During 2017, we acquired Noncontrolling Interests for $14.4 million (none for 2018 or 2016) in cash, of 
which $7.7 million was allocated to Paid-in capital and $6.7 million as a reduction to Noncontrolling Interests.  
During 2018, 2017 and 2016, Noncontrolling Interests contributed $1.7 million, $2.5 million and $3.5 million, 
respectively.   

F-20 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

8.  Shareholders’ Equity 

Preferred Shares 

At December 31, 2018 and 2017, we had the following series of Cumulative Preferred Shares (“Preferred 

Shares”) outstanding: 

Series 

  Earliest Redemption 
Date 

  Dividend Rate 

Shares 
Outstanding 

Liquidation 
Preference 

(Dollar amounts in thousands) 

Series U 

Series V 

Series W 

Series X 

Series Y 

Series Z 

Series A 

Series B 

Series C 

Series D 

Series E 

Series F 

Series G 

6/15/2017 

9/20/2017 

1/16/2018 

3/13/2018 

3/17/2019 

6/4/2019 

12/2/2019 

1/20/2021 

5/17/2021 

7/20/2021 

10/14/2021 

6/2/2022 

8/9/2022 

5.625% 

5.375% 

5.200% 

5.200% 

6.375% 

6.000% 

5.875% 

5.400% 

5.125% 

4.950% 

4.900% 

5.150% 

5.050% 

 11,500  

$ 

 19,800  

 20,000  

 9,000  

 11,400  

 11,500  

 7,600  

 12,000  

 8,000  

 13,000  

 14,000  

 11,200  

 12,000  

 287,500 

 495,000 

 500,000 

 225,000 

 285,000 

 287,500 

 190,000 

 300,000 

 200,000 

 325,000 

 350,000 

 280,000 

 300,000 

Total Preferred Shares 

 161,000  

$ 

 4,025,000 

The holders of our Preferred Shares have general preference rights with respect to liquidation, quarterly 
distributions  and  any  accumulated  unpaid  distributions.    Except  under  certain  conditions  and  as  noted  below, 
holders of the Preferred Shares will not be entitled to vote on most matters.  In the event of a cumulative arrearage 
equal to six quarterly dividends, holders of all outstanding series of preferred shares (voting as a single class 
without regard to series) will have the right to elect two additional members to serve on our board of trustees (our 
“Board”) until the arrearage has been cured.  At December 31, 2018, there were no dividends in arrears. 

Except under certain conditions relating to the Company’s qualification as a REIT, the Preferred Shares 
are not redeemable prior to the dates indicated on the table above.  On or after the respective dates, each of the 
series of Preferred Shares is redeemable at our option, in whole or in part, at  $25.00 per depositary share, plus 
accrued and unpaid dividends.  Holders of the Preferred Shares cannot require us to redeem such shares. 

Upon  issuance  of  our  Preferred  Shares,  we  classify  the  liquidation  value  as  preferred  equity  on  our 

balance sheet with any issuance costs recorded as a reduction to Paid-in capital. 

In 2017, we redeemed our Series S and Series T Preferred Shares, at par, for a total of $922.5 million in 

cash, before payment of accrued dividends.   

In 2017, we issued  an aggregate 23.2 million depositary shares, each representing 1/1,000 of a share of 
our Series F and Series G Preferred Shares, at an issuance price of  $25.00 per depositary share, for a total of 
$580.0 million in gross proceeds, and we incurred $18.8 million in issuance costs.   

F-21 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

In 2016, we redeemed our Series Q and Series R Preferred Shares at par, for a total of $862.5 million in 

cash, before payment of accrued dividends.   

In 2016, we issued an aggregate 47.0 million depositary shares, each representing 1/1,000 of a share of 
our Series B, Series C, Series D and Series E Preferred Shares, at an issuance price of $25.00 per depositary share, 
for a total of $1,175.0 million in gross proceeds, and we incurred $38.8 million in issuance costs.   

In 2017 and 2016, we recorded $29.3 million and $26.9 million, respectively, in EITF D-42 allocations 
of income from our common shareholders to the holders of our Preferred Shares in connection with redemptions 
of Preferred Shares. 

Common Shares 

During 2018, 2017 and 2016, activity with respect to the issuance of our common shares was as follows 

(dollar amounts in thousands):  

Employee stock-based compensation and  
exercise of stock options (Note 10) 

 277,511    $ 

 12,525   

 564,583    $ 

 42,500  

 367,546    $ 

 25,541  

2018 

2017 

2016 

Shares 

  Amount   

Shares 

  Amount   

Shares 

  Amount 

Our Board previously authorized the repurchase from time to time of up to 35.0 million of our common 
shares on the open market or in privately negotiated transactions.  Through December 31, 2018, we repurchased 
approximately 23.7 million shares pursuant to this authorization; none of which were repurchased during the three 
years ended December 31, 2018. 

At  December  31,  2018  and  2017,  we  had  3,138,618  and  3,208,046,  respectively,  of  common  shares 
reserved in connection with our share-based incentive plans (see Note 10), and 231,978 shares reserved for the 
conversion of partnership units owned by Noncontrolling Interests. 

The unaudited characterization of dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes is made based upon 
earnings and profits of the Company, as defined by the Code.  Common share dividends including amounts paid 
to  our  common  shareholders  and  our  restricted  share  unitholders  totaled  $1.396  billion  ($8.00  per  share), 
$1.394 billion ($8.00 per share) and $1.268 billion ($7.30 per share) for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 
and 2016, respectively.  Preferred share dividends totaled $216.3 million, $236.5 million and $238.2 million for 
the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. 

For the tax year ended December 31, 2018, distributions for the common shares and all the various series 

of preferred shares were classified as follows: 

Ordinary Income 

Long-Term Capital Gain 

Total 

2018 (unaudited) 

1st Quarter   

2nd Quarter   

3rd Quarter   

4th Quarter   

100.00 %    

100.00 %     

100.00 %    

0.00 %    

0.00 %    

0.00 %    

100.00 %    

100.00 %     

100.00 %    

93.17 % 

6.83 % 

100.00 % 

The ordinary income dividends distributed for the tax year ended December 31, 2018 do not constitute 

qualified dividend income. 

F-22 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
    
   
    
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

9.  Related Party Transactions 

B.  Wayne  Hughes,  our  former  Chairman  and  his  family,  including  his  daughter  Tamara  Hughes 
Gustavson  and  his  son  B. Wayne  Hughes,  Jr.,  who  are  both  members  of  our  Board,  collectively  own 
approximately 14.5% of our common shares outstanding at December 31, 2018. 

At December 31, 2018, B. Wayne Hughes and Tamara Hughes Gustavson together owned and controlled 
62 self-storage facilities in Canada.  These facilities operate  under the  “Public Storage”  tradename,  which  we 
license to the owners of these facilities for use in Canada on a royalty-free, non-exclusive basis.  We have  no 
ownership interest in these facilities and we do not own or operate any facilities in Canada.  If we chose to acquire 
or develop our own facilities in Canada, we would have to share the use of the “Public Storage” name in Canada.  
We have a right of first refusal, subject to limitations, to acquire the stock or assets of the corporation engaged in 
the operation of these facilities if their owners agree to sell them.  Our subsidiaries reinsure risks relating to loss 
of goods stored by customers in these facilities, and have received approximately $1.3 million, $1.1 million and 
$848,000 for the years ended December 31, 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively.  Our right to continue receiving 
these premiums may be qualified.    

10.  Share-Based Compensation 

Under various share-based compensation plans and under terms established by our Board or a committee 
thereof, we grant non-qualified options to purchase the Company’s common shares, as well as restricted share 
units (“RSUs”), to trustees, officers, and key employees.    

Stock options and RSUs are considered “granted” and “outstanding” as the terms are used herein, when 
(i) the Company and the recipient reach a mutual understanding of the key terms of the award, (ii) the award has 
been authorized, (iii) the recipient is affected by changes in the market price of our stock, and (iv) it is probable 
that any performance conditions will be met.    

We amortize the grant-date fair value of awards as compensation expense over the service period, which 
begins on the grant date and ends generally on the vesting date.  For awards that are earned solely upon the passage 
of time and continued service, the entire cost of the award is amortized on a straight-line basis over the service 
period.  For awards with performance conditions, the individual cost of each vesting is amortized separately over 
each individual service period (the “accelerated attribution” method).  

In  amortizing  share-based  compensation  expense,  we  do  not  estimate  future  forfeitures  in  advance.  
Instead,  we  reverse  previously  amortized  share-based  compensation  expense  with  respect  to  grants  that  are 
forfeited in the period the employee terminates employment.  We recorded a cumulative -effect adjustment of 
$789,000  to  increase  accumulated  deficit  and  increase  paid-in  capital  as  of  January  1,  2016,  representing  the 
impact of estimated forfeitures at December 31, 2015. 

In February 2018, we announced that Ron Havner and John Reyes, our Chief Executive Officer and 
Chief Financial Officer, respectively, at the time, were retiring from their executive roles at the end of 2018 and 
would  then  serve  only  as  Trustees  of  the  Company.    Pursuant  to  our  share-based  compensation  plans,  their 
unvested  grants  will  continue  to  vest  over  the  original  vesting  periods  during  their  service  as  Trustees.    For 
financial reporting, the end of the service periods for previous stock option and RSU grants for these executives 
changed  from  (i)  the  various  vesting  dates  to  (ii)  December  31,  2018  when  they  retired.    Accordingly,  all 
remaining  share-based  compensation  expense  for  these  two  executives  was  amortized  in  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2018.   

F-23 

 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

See also “net income per common share” in Note 2 for further discussion regarding the impact of RSUs 

and stock options on our net income per common share and income allocated to common shareholders. 

Stock Options 

Stock options vest over a three to five-year period, expire ten years after the grant date, and the exercise 
price is equal to the closing trading price of our common shares on the grant date.  Employees cannot require the 
Company to settle their award in cash.  We issue new common shares in order to settle exercised stock options.  
We use the Black-Scholes option valuation model to estimate the fair value of our stock options.   

Outstanding stock option  grants are  included on a one-for-one basis in our diluted  weighted average 
shares, to the extent dilutive, after applying the treasury stock method (based upon the average common share 
price during the period) to assumed exercise proceeds and measured but unrecognized compensation.  

The stock options outstanding at December 31, 2018 have an aggregate intrinsic value (the excess, if 
any, of each option’s market value over the exercise price) of approximately $35.8 million and remaining average 
contractual  lives  of  approximately  six  years.    The  aggregate  intrinsic  value  of  exercisable  stock  options  at 
December 31, 2018 amounted to approximately  $31.3 million.  Approximately  1,351,000 of the stock options 
outstanding at December 31, 2018, have an exercise price of more than  $200.  We have 69,755 stock options 
exercisable at December 31, 2018, which expire through June 30, 2020, with an average exercise price per share 
of $71.55. 

Additional information with respect to stock options during 2018, 2017 and 2016 is as follows: 

F-24 

 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

2018 

2017 

2016 

    Weighted     

    Average     

    Weighted     

    Average     

    Number      Exercise      Number      Exercise      Number 

of 

Price 

of 

Price 

of 

    Options 

per Share      Options 

per Share      Options 

    Weighted 

    Average 
    Exercise 

Price 
per Share 

Options outstanding January 1, 

Granted 
Exercised 
Cancelled 

 2,408,917    $ 
 200,000     
 (179,995)    
 (8,000)    

 192.12      
 194.29     
 69.53     
 223.50     

 1,995,440    $ 
 1,096,000     
 (482,523)    
 (200,000)    

 150.83     
 223.58    
 88.07    
 203.64    

 1,940,279    $ 
 310,000     
 (254,839)    
 -    

 130.08  
 239.11  
 100.23  
 - 

Options outstanding December 31, 

 2,420,922    $ 

 201.31      

 2,408,917    $ 

 192.12     

 1,995,440    $ 

 150.83  

Options exercisable at December 31,     

 1,147,122    $ 

 178.31      

 848,250    $ 

 143.55     

 1,105,433    $ 

 108.84  

2018 

2017 

2016 

Stock option expense for the year (in 000's) (a) 

  $ 

 17,162    $ 

 8,707    $ 

 5,180  

Aggregate exercise date intrinsic value of options exercised during the year (in 000's) $ 

 25,117    $ 

 61,334    $ 

 33,228  

Average assumptions used in valuing options with the Black-Scholes method:   

Expected life of options in years, based upon historical experience 
Risk-free interest rate 
Expected volatility, based upon historical volatility 
Expected dividend yield 

 5   
2.7%  
12.5%  
4.1%  

 5   
1.9%  
17.9%  
3.6%  

 5  
1.2% 
17.9% 
2.9% 

Average estimated value of options granted during the year 

  $ 

 13.09    $ 

 23.49    $ 

 26.18  

(a)  

Amounts for 2018 include $8.1 million, in connection with the acceleration of amortization on 
grants discussed above.  Amounts for 2017 reflect a reduction in compensation expense of $0.8 million related to 
stock options forfeited during the period. 

Restricted Share Units 

RSUs generally vest ratably over a five to eight-year period from the grant date.  The grantee receives 
dividends for each outstanding RSU equal to the per-share dividends received by our common shareholders.  We 
expense any dividends previously paid upon forfeiture of the related RSU.  Upon vesting, the grantee receives 
common shares equal to the number of vested RSUs, less common shares withheld in exchange for tax deposits 
made by the Company to satisfy the grantee’s statutory tax liabilities arising from the vesting.   

The fair value of our RSUs is determined based upon the applicable closing trading price of our common 

shares.  

The  fair  value  of  our  RSUs  outstanding  at  December  31,  2018  was  approximately  $145.3  million.  
Remaining  compensation  expense  related  to  RSUs  outstanding  at  December  31,  2018  totals  approximately 
$91.1 million and is expected to be recognized as compensation expense over the next 5.3 years on average.  The 
following tables set forth relevant information with respect to restricted shares (dollar amounts in thousands): 

F-25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
   
   
 
   
   
   
    
   
   
   
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

2018 

2017 
    Number of     Grant Date     Number of     Grant Date     Number of     Grant Date 
    Restricted      Aggregate     Restricted     Aggregate     Restricted      Aggregate 
    Share Units     Fair Value     Share Units     Fair Value     Share Units     Fair Value 

2016 

Restricted share units outstanding 
January 1, 
Granted 
Vested 
Forfeited 

Restricted share units outstanding 
December 31, 

 799,129    $ 
 138,567     
 (164,104)    
 (55,896)    

 166,144      
 27,733     
 (30,717)    
 (11,948)    

 696,641    $ 
 340,957     
 (144,473)    
 (93,996)    

 136,905     
 73,953    
 (25,305)   
 (19,409)   

 737,388    $ 
 171,144     
 (180,050)    
 (31,841)    

 129,284  
 40,263  
 (26,689) 
 (5,953) 

 717,696    $ 

 151,212      

 799,129    $ 

 166,144     

 696,641    $ 

 136,905  

Amounts for the year (in 000's, except number of shares): 
Fair value of vested shares on vesting date 
Cash paid for taxes upon vesting in lieu of issuing common shares 
Common shares issued upon vesting 
Restricted share unit expense (a) 

2018 

2017 

2016 

  $ 
  $ 

  $ 

 32,317    $ 
 12,347    $ 
 97,516     
 53,869    $ 

 31,962    $ 
 14,092    $ 
 82,060     
 28,841    $ 

 41,400  
 15,357  
 112,707  
 32,303  

(a) 

Amounts  for  2018,  2017  and  2016  include  approximately  $1.1  million,  $0.7  million  and 
$1.4 million, respectively, in employer taxes incurred upon vesting.  Amounts for 2018 include $22.6 million, in 
connection with the acceleration of amortization on grants to our CEO and CFO as discussed above.  Amounts 
for 2017 reflect a reduction in compensation expense of $4.6 million related to RSUs forfeited during the period. 

11.  Segment Information 

Our reportable segments reflect the significant components of our operations where discrete financial 
information is evaluated separately by our chief operating decision maker (“CODM”).  We organize our segments 
based primarily upon the nature of the underlying products and services, as well as the drivers of profitability 
growth.  The net income for each reportable segment included in the tables below are in conformity with GAAP 
and our significant accounting policies as denoted in Note 2.  The amounts not attributable to reportable segments 
are aggregated under “other items not allocated to segments.”   

Following is a description of and basis for presentation for each of our reportable segments. 

Self-Storage Operations  

The  Self-Storage  Operations  segment  reflects  the  rental  operations  from  all  self-storage  facilities  we 
own.    Our  CODM  reviews  the  net  operating  income  (“NOI”)  of  this  segment,  which  represents  the  related 
revenues less cost of operations (prior to depreciation expense), in assessing performance and making resource 
allocation  decisions.    The  presentation  in  the  tables  below  sets  forth  the  NOI  of  this  segment,  as  well  as  the 
depreciation expense for this segment, which while reviewed by our CODM and included in net income, is not 
considered by the CODM in assessing performance and decision making.  For all periods presented, substantially 
all of our real estate facilities, goodwill and other intangible assets, other assets, and accrued and other liabilities 
are associated with the Self-Storage Operations segment.  

F-26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
   
   
   
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

Ancillary Operations 

The Ancillary Operations segment reflects the sale of merchandise and reinsurance of policies against 
losses to goods stored by our self-storage tenants, activities which are incidental to our primary self-storage rental 
activities.    Our  CODM  reviews  the  NOI  of  these  operations  in  assessing  performance  and  making  resource 
allocation decisions.   

Investment in PSB 

This segment represents our 42% equity interest in PSB, a publicly-traded REIT that owns, operates, 
acquires and develops commercial properties, primarily multi-tenant flex, office, and industrial space.  PSB has 
a  separate  management  team  that  makes  its  financing,  capital  allocation,  and  other  significant  decisions.    In 
making  resource  allocation  decisions  with  respect  to  our  investment  in  PSB,  the  CODM  reviews  PSB’s  net 
income,  which  is  detailed  in  PSB’s  periodic  filings  with  the  SEC,  and  is  included  in  Note  4.    The  segment 
presentation in the tables below includes our equity earnings from PSB.   

Investment in Shurgard Europe 

This segment represents our equity interest in Shurgard Europe, a publicly held company which owns 
and operates self-storage facilities located in seven countries in Western Europe.  On October 15, 2018, Shurgard 
Europe completed an Offering of its common  shares, and its shares commenced trading on Euronext Brussels 
under the “SHUR” symbol.  Shurgard Europe has a separate management team and board of trustees that makes 
its financing, capital allocation, and other significant decisions.  In  making resource  allocation decisions  with 
respect  to  our  investment  in  Shurgard  Europe,  the  CODM  reviews  Shurgard  Europe’s  net  income,  which  is 
detailed in Note 4.  The segment presentation below includes our equity earnings from Shurgard Europe.  

Presentation of Segment Information 

The following tables reconcile NOI (as applicable) and net income of each segment to our consolidated 

net income (amounts in thousands): 

F-27 

 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

For the year ended December 31, 2018 

Self-Storage 
Operations   

Ancillary 
Operations  

Investment 
in PSB 

Investment 
in 
Shurgard 
Europe 

Other Items 
Not 
Allocated to 
Segments   

Total 

(Amounts in thousands) 

Revenues: 

Self-storage operations 

$   2,597,607    $ 

 -    $ 

Ancillary operations 

 -    

 156,673      

 2,597,607     

 156,673      

Cost of operations: 

Self-storage operations 

Ancillary operations 

Net operating income: 

 695,731     

 -     

 -    

 43,991      

 695,731     

 43,991      

Self-storage operations 

 1,901,876     

 -     

Ancillary operations 

 -    

 112,682      

 1,901,876     

 112,682      

Other components of net income (loss):  

Depreciation and amortization 

 (483,646)    

General and administrative 

Interest and other income 

Interest expense 

Equity in earnings of 
   unconsolidated real estate entities 

Foreign currency exchange gain 

Gain on sale of real estate 

Gain due to Shurgard Europe  
   public offering 

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -    $ 

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 $ 

 -    $   2,597,607  

 -     

 156,673  

 -     

 2,754,280  

 -     

 -     

 -     

 695,731  

 43,991  

 739,722  

 -     

 1,901,876  

 -     

 112,682  

 -     

 2,014,558  

 -     

 (483,646) 

 (118,720)     

 (118,720) 

 26,442      

 26,442  

 (32,542)     

 (32,542) 

 89,362      

 14,133  

 -     

 103,495  

 -     

 -     

 - 

 - 

 18,117      

 18,117  

 37,903      

 37,903  

 -     

 151,616  

 -     

 151,616  

Net income (loss) 

$   1,418,230    $   112,682     $ 

 89,362     $ 

 165,749  

 $ 

 (68,800)    $   1,717,223  

F-28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
     
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
   
     
     
 
  
       
  
 
  
 
  
 
   
     
     
 
  
       
  
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

For the year ended December 31, 2017 

Self-Storage 
Operations   

Ancillary 
Operations  

Investment 
in 
Investment 
Shurgard 
in PSB 
Europe 
(Amounts in thousands) 

Other Items 
Not 
Allocated to 
Segments   

Total 

Revenues: 

Self-storage operations 

$   2,512,433    $ 

 -    $ 

Ancillary operations 

 -    
 2,512,433     

 156,095      
 156,095      

Cost of operations: 

Self-storage operations 

Ancillary operations 

Net operating income: 

 657,633     

 -     

 -    
 657,633     

 50,345      
 50,345      

Self-storage operations 

 1,854,800     

 -     

Ancillary operations 

 -    
 1,854,800     

 105,750      
 105,750      

Other components of net income (loss):  

Depreciation and amortization 

 (454,526)    

General and administrative 

Interest and other income 

Interest expense 

Equity in earnings of  

   unconsolidated real estate entities 

Foreign currency exchange loss 

Casualty loss 

Gain on sale of real estate 

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -    $ 

 -     
 -     

 -     

 -     
 -     

 -     

 -     
 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 $ 

 -    $   2,512,433  

 -     
 -     

 156,095  
 2,668,528  

 -     

 -     
 -     

 657,633  

 50,345  
 707,978  

 -     

 1,854,800  

 -     
 -     

 105,750  
 1,960,550  

 -     

 (454,526) 

 (82,882)     

 (82,882) 

 18,771      

 18,771  

 (12,690)     

 (12,690) 

 46,544      

 25,948  

 3,163      

 75,655  

 -     

 -     

 -     

 - 

 - 

 - 

 (50,045)     

 (50,045) 

 (7,789)     

 (7,789) 

 1,421      

 1,421  

Net income (loss) 

$   1,400,274    $   105,750     $ 

 46,544     $ 

 25,948  

 $   (130,051)    $   1,448,465  

F-29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
     
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
   
     
     
 
  
       
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

For the year ended December 31, 2016 

Self-Storage 
Operations   

Ancillary 
Operations  

Investment 
in PSB 

Investment 
in 
Shurgard 
Europe 

Other Items 
Not 
Allocated to 
Segments   

Total 

(Amounts in thousands) 

Revenues: 

Self-storage operations 

$   2,405,828    $ 

 -    $ 

Ancillary operations 

 -    

 154,721      

 2,405,828     

 154,721      

Cost of operations: 

Self-storage operations 

Ancillary operations 

Net operating income: 

 617,905     

 -     

 -    

 51,178      

 617,905     

 51,178      

Self-storage operations 

 1,787,923     

 -     

Ancillary operations 

 -    

 103,543      

 1,787,923     

 103,543      

Other components of net income (loss):  

Depreciation and amortization 

 (433,314)    

General and administrative 

Interest and other income 

Interest expense 

Equity in earnings of  

   unconsolidated real estate entities 

Foreign currency exchange gain 

Gain on sale of real estate 

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -    

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -    $ 

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 -     

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 $ 

 -    $   2,405,828  

 -     

 154,721  

 -     

 2,560,549  

 -     

 -     

 -     

 617,905  

 51,178  

 669,083  

 -     

 1,787,923  

 -     

 103,543  

 -     

 1,891,466  

 -     

 (433,314) 

 (83,656)     

 (83,656) 

 15,138      

 15,138  

 (4,210)     

 (4,210) 

 31,707      

 22,324  

 2,725      

 56,756  

 -     

 -     

 - 

 - 

 17,570      

 17,570  

 689      

 689  

Net income (loss) 

$   1,354,609    $   103,543     $ 

 31,707     $ 

 22,324  

 $ 

 (51,744)    $   1,460,439  

12.  Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Guidance 

In  May  2014,  the  FASB  issued  Accounting  Standards  Update  (“ASU”)  2014-09,  Revenue  from 
Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which requires revenue to be based upon the consideration expected from 
customers  for  promised  goods  or  services.    In  February  2017,  the  FASB  issued  ASU 2017-05,  Clarifying  the 
Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets, which provides 
guidance with respect to the sale of  real estate facilities.  The new standards permit either the retrospective or 
cumulative  effects  transition  method.    We  adopted  the  new  standards  effective  January  1,  2018  utilizing  the 
modified retrospective transition method applied to open contracts.  The new standards did not have a material 
impact on our results of operations or financial condition, primarily because most of our revenue is from rental 
revenue from self-storage facilities, and included in self-storage facilities revenue on our statements of income, 

F-30 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
     
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
   
     
     
 
  
       
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

which the new standards do not address, and because we do not provide any material products and services to our 
customers or sell material amounts of our real estate facilities.  The remainder of our revenues are composed of 
elements that are either covered by the new standards but not impacted, or are not covered by the new standards. 

In  February  2016,  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2016-02,  Leases,  which  amends  the  existing  accounting 
standards for lease accounting, including requiring lessees to recognize most leases on their balance sheets and 
making  targeted  changes  to  lessor  accounting.   The  new  standard,  effective  on  January  1,  2019,  requires  a 
modified  retrospective  transition  approach  for  all  leases  existing  at,  or  entered  into  after,  the  date  of  initial 
application,  with  an  option  to  use  certain  transition  relief  effective  January  1,  2019  with  a  cumulative  effect 
through  December  31,  2018  recorded  through  retained  earnings.    The  primary  practical  expedients  we  used 
included (i) using hindsight in determining the lease term and in assessing impairment of right-of-use assets, (ii) 
not assessing whether existing or expired land easements that were not previously accounted for as leases are or 
contain a lease under this new standard, and (iii) not separating lease and associated non-lease components for all 
existing leases  where  we are a lessor at January 1, 2019 in accordance  with the requirements of the practical 
expedient.  We do not believe this standard will have a material impact on our results of operations or financial 
condition, because substantially all of our lease revenues are derived from month-to-month self-storage leases, 
and we do not have material amounts of lease expense.   

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Stock Compensation: Scope of Modification Accounting, 
to increase clarity and consistency of practice and reduce cost and complexity when modifying the terms of share-
based awards.  We prospectively adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2018, with no material impact on our 
financial statements. 

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230) - Restricted 
Cash, which primarily requires the statement of cash flows to explain not only the change in cash and equivalents, 
but also the change in restricted cash.  The standard is effective on January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted 
and requires the use of the retrospective transition method.  The Company early adopted the new guidance during 
the fourth quarter of 2017.  

13.  Commitments and Contingencies 

Contingent Losses 

We are a party to various legal proceedings and subject to various claims and complaints; however, we 
believe that the likelihood of these contingencies resulting in a material loss to the Company, either individually 
or in the aggregate, is remote. 

Insurance and Loss Exposure  

We carry property, earthquake, general liability, employee medical insurance and workers compensation 
coverage through internationally recognized insurance carriers, subject to deductibles.  Our deductible for general 
liability is $2.0 million per occurrence.  Our annual deductible for property loss is $25.0 million per occurrence.  
This deductible decreases to $5.0 million once we reach $35.0 million in aggregate losses for occurrences that 
exceed $5.0 million.  Insurance carriers’ aggregate limits on these policies of $75.0 million for property losses 
and $102.0 million for general liability losses are higher than estimates of maximum probable losses that could 
occur from individual catastrophic events determined in recent engineering and actuarial studies; however, in case 
of multiple catastrophic events, these limits could be exceeded. 

We reinsure a program that provides insurance to our customers from an independent third-party insurer.  
This program covers customer claims for losses to goods stored at our facilities as a result of specific named perils 

F-31 

 
 
 
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

(earthquakes are not covered by this program), up to a maximum limit of  $5,000 per storage unit.  We reinsure 
all risks in this program, but purchase insurance to cover this exposure for a limit of $15.0 million for losses in 
excess of $5.0 million per occurrence.  We are subject to licensing requirements and regulations in several states.  
Customers participate in the program at their option.  At December 31, 2018, there were approximately 914,000 
certificates held by our self-storage customers, representing aggregate coverage of approximately $2.9 billion. 

Construction Commitments 

We  have  construction  commitments  representing  future  expected  payments  for  construction  under 
contract totaling $138.5 million at December 31, 2018.  We expect to pay approximately $126.3 million in 2019 
and $12.2 million in 2020 for these construction commitments. 

14.  Supplementary Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited) 

Three Months Ended 

  March 31, 

2018 

June 30, 
2018 

  September 30,    December 31, 

2018 

2018 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data) 

Self-storage and ancillary revenues  

  $ 

 669,924   $ 

 685,528   $ 

 706,368   $ 

 692,460 

Self-storage and ancillary cost of operations   $ 

 192,827   $ 

 190,977   $ 

 195,544   $ 

 160,374 

Depreciation and amortization 

Net Income 

Per Common Share 
     Net income - Basic 

     Net income - Diluted 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 117,979   $ 

 119,777   $ 

 124,516   $ 

 121,374 

 344,436   $ 

 405,292   $ 

 379,589   $ 

 587,906 

 1.66   $ 

 2.00   $ 

 1.85   $ 

 1.65   $ 

 2.00   $ 

 1.85   $ 

 3.05 

 3.04 

Three Months Ended 

March 31, 
2017 

June 30, 
2017 

  September 30,    December 31, 

2017 

2017 

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data) 

Self-storage and ancillary revenues  

  $ 

 645,547   $ 

 664,312   $ 

 686,361   $ 

 672,308 

Self-storage and ancillary cost of operations   $ 

 182,902   $ 

 182,578   $ 

 190,619   $ 

 151,879 

Depreciation and amortization 

Net Income 

Per Common Share 
     Net income - Basic 

     Net income - Diluted 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

  $ 

 110,929   $ 

 110,177   $ 

 113,320   $ 

 120,100 

 344,021   $ 

 355,207   $ 

 358,274   $ 

 390,963 

 1.62   $ 

 1.59   $ 

 1.61   $ 

 1.62   $ 

 1.59   $ 

 1.61   $ 

 1.92 

 1.92 

F-32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
PUBLIC STORAGE 
NOTES TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
December 31, 2018 

15.  Subsequent Events 

Subsequent  to  December  31,  2018,  we  acquired  or  were  under  contract  to  acquire  14  self-storage 
facilities (nine in Virginia and one each in Colorado, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky and Michigan with 935,000 net 
rentable square feet, for $102.4 million. 

On February 22, 2019, we called for redemption, and on March 28, 2019, we will redeem our  6.375% 
Series Y Preferred Shares, at par ($285.0 million).  We will record an $8.5 million allocation of income from our 
common  shareholders  to  the  holders  of  our  Preferred  Shares  in  the  three  months  ending  March  31,  2019  in 
connection with this redemption. 

F-33 

 
 
E
G
A
R
O
T
S
C
I
L
B
U
P

E
T
A
T
S
E
L
A
E
R

-

I
I
I
E
L
U
D
E
H
C
S

I

N
O
I
T
A
C
E
R
P
E
D
D
E
T
A
L
U
M
U
C
C
A
D
N
A

d
e
t
a
l
u
m
u
c
c
A

n
o
i
t
a
i
c
e
r
p
e
D

t
n
u
o
m
A
g
n
i
y
r
r
a
C
s
s
o
r
G

8
1
0
2

,
1
3

r
e
b
m
e
c
e
D

t

A

s
t
s
o
C

t
s
o
C

l
a
i
t
i
n
I

8
1
0
2

t
e
N

t
n
e
u
q
e
s
b
u
S

&

s
g
n
i
d
l
i
u
B

-

m
u
c
n
E

e
l
b
a
t
n
e
R

f
o

.
o
N

l
a
t
o
T

s
g
n
i
d
l
i
u
B

d
n
a
L

n
o
i
t
i
s
i
u
q
c
A
o
t

s
t
n
e
m
e
v
o
r
p
m

I

d
n
a
L

s
e
c
n
a
r
b

t
e
e
F

.
q
S

s
e
i
t
i
l
i
c
a
F

n
o
i
t
p
i
r
c
s
e
D

4
8
5
,
6
8
6

0
0
8
,
1
6
2

9
6
1
,
6
2
4

3
0
2
,
7
5
2

5
6
7
,
0
4
3

4
4
3
,
6
8
3

2
2
1
,
3
4
2

0
3
0
,
1
0
3

8
5
2
,
4
8
2

9
9
8
,
5
8
2

8
9
1
,
1
4
1

2
9
5
,
1
3
1

7
9
3
,
7
0
1

1
7
3
,
6
0
1

7
1
1
,
3
1
1

4
7
8
,
2
5
1

7
7
2
,
9
0
1

5
0
4
,
3
0
1

3
1
5
,
4
9

8
0
2
,
6
7

5
3
2
,
5
9

3
6
8
,
2
7

3
2
5
,
4
5

5
4
9
,
0
8

2
5
0
,
2
6

7
9
9
,
7
5

9
3
5
,
3
8

1
1
7
,
1
4

3
4
8
,
9
1

5
6
5
,
6
6

6
2
3
,
2
4

5
2
1
,
3
6
7

6
9
9
,
8
5
9

3
9
7
,
6
0
7

9
6
3
,
2
1
6

1
4
7
,
5
6
9

1
7
6
,
8
3
5

0
7
6
,
5
4
7

7
4
8
,
3
6
7

1
9
6
,
2
5
7

1
0
5
,
9
4
4

4
6
7
,
6
8
3

0
9
4
,
6
2
3

0
3
5
,
3
4
3

6
3
3
,
8
0
3

5
2
1
,
9
5
2

3
9
7
,
8
1
4

3
2
4
,
1
5
2

3
7
7
,
5
5
2

7
7
2
,
6
0
2

8
3
4
,
4
0
2

1
6
2
,
2
2
1

9
4
2
,
8
7
1

7
3
9
,
5
9
1

5
8
2
,
0
3
1

4
8
9
,
4
4
1

6
0
8
,
1
4
2

8
7
8
,
6
1
1

4
0
9
,
6
1
1

9
4
0
,
3
2
1

2
7
1
,
5
9

3
1
7
,
5
8
5

5
5
4
,
4
0
7

2
7
9
,
1
3
5

7
6
3
,
2
7
4

4
0
5
,
8
0
7

3
0
2
,
9
0
4

5
4
4
,
3
6
5

7
7
6
,
6
4
5

1
9
5
,
3
1
5

9
0
6
,
3
0
3

6
2
0
,
1
9
2

1
1
6
,
1
4
2

4
9
2
,
6
3
2

9
0
4
,
8
1
2

2
2
4
,
8
0
2

1
7
6
,
4
6
2

3
8
5
,
7
8
1

8
0
8
,
4
9
1

5
0
1
,
3
5
1

8
9
5
,
2
5
1

5
1
6
,
6
9

0
7
7
,
6
2
1

3
4
5
,
5
4
1

1
6
7
,
2
0
1

7
3
9
,
9
0
1

7
5
6
,
9
7
1

0
3
4
,
1
9

0
0
2
,
1
8

9
4
7
,
7
9

7
2
2
,
2
7

2
8
5
,
1
3
7
,
1

0
2
7
,
3
2
2
,
1

2
6
8
,
7
0
5

2
1
4
,
7
7
1

1
4
5
,
4
5
2

1
2
8
,
4
7
1

2
0
0
,
0
4
1

7
3
2
,
7
5
2

8
6
4
,
9
2
1

5
2
2
,
2
8
1

0
7
1
,
7
1
2

0
0
1
,
9
3
2

2
9
8
,
5
4
1

8
3
7
,
5
9

9
7
8
,
4
8

6
3
2
,
7
0
1

7
2
9
,
9
8

3
0
7
,
0
5

2
2
1
,
4
5
1

0
4
8
,
3
6

5
6
9
,
0
6

2
7
1
,
3
5

0
4
8
,
1
5

6
4
6
,
5
2

9
7
4
,
1
5

4
9
3
,
0
5

4
2
5
,
7
2

7
4
0
,
5
3

9
4
1
,
2
6

8
4
4
,
5
2

4
0
7
,
5
3

0
0
3
,
5
2

5
4
9
,
2
2

7
8
9
,
6
9
2

8
4
0
,
2
4
1

8
7
0
,
0
9
1

3
6
8
,
8
1
1

9
0
6
,
2
2
1

0
0
3
,
6
6
1

7
4
8
,
7
6

9
5
4
,
5
9

0
7
4
,
7
8

7
1
0
,
2
1
1

5
1
7
,
5
5

6
5
2
,
5
6

8
2
6
,
4
5

9
5
2
,
5
2

2
7
6
,
6
4

7
3
0
,
5
5

6
6
4
,
8
4

2
7
9
,
8
2

7
5
7
,
5
2

6
8
4
,
9
3

2
9
7
,
6
2

1
1
7
,
7
2

8
1
3
,
8
2

2
4
1
,
9
3

1
9
6
,
6
2

3
2
3
,
7
1

3
5
3
,
1
2

1
9
7
,
6
2

0
4
8
,
2
1

9
3
1
,
8
1

4
7
8
,
2
1

6
4
3
,
4
2
9

6
2
1
,
3
4
4

7
2
1
,
7
2
5

7
0
7
,
4
1
4

5
9
5
,
2
5
3

1
4
5
,
8
4
5

3
5
1
,
1
4
3

8
9
9
,
6
6
4

9
9
0
,
1
6
4

9
6
7
,
6
0
4

5
7
3
,
3
5
2

9
9
4
,
6
2
2

6
4
8
,
4
9
1

0
0
2
,
1
1
2

9
9
4
,
4
7
1

6
0
4
,
2
5
1

3
1
9
,
6
1
2

1
6
4
,
9
5
1

2
4
0
,
9
6
1

1
4
6
,
5
1
1

4
6
4
,
6
2
1

9
0
4
,
9
6

3
8
5
,
9
9

1
1
9
,
8
0
1

8
2
0
,
6
7

3
5
0
,
2
9

0
7
8
,
8
5
1

6
4
7
,
4
6

0
6
3
,
8
6

4
3
7
,
9
7

3
5
3
,
0
6

4
3
-
F

9
4
2
,
0
1
5

1
5
9
,
7
7
1

1
9
7
,
1
4
2

3
2
2
,
3
7
1

5
6
1
,
7
3
1

0
0
9
,
0
5
2

1
7
6
,
9
2
1

3
1
2
,
3
8
1

8
7
2
,
5
1
2

5
0
9
,
3
3
2

1
1
4
,
0
4
1

9
0
0
,
5
9

6
1
0
,
7
7

1
7
0
,
7
0
1

5
6
1
,
7
8

2
8
6
,
1
5

4
1
4
,
3
5
1

0
9
9
,
2
6

4
7
9
,
0
6

0
5
1
,
1
5

2
8
1
,
1
5

1
4
1
,
5
2

8
4
3
,
0
5

4
8
8
,
7
4

6
6
5
,
7
2

8
0
6
,
5
3

3
8
5
,
1
6

1
4
3
,
5
2

4
0
7
,
5
3

6
7
1
,
5
2

5
4
9
,
1
2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1
6
6
,
9

4
7
1
,
2
1

-

1
3
9
,
3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

3
9
0
,
9

2
5
9
,
8

0
6
7
,
8

2
7
1
,
8

0
4
9
,
6

9
4
7
,
6

4
2
4
,
6

6
1
4
,
6

8
4
6
,
5

0
5
5
,
4

5
9
2
,
4

6
5
0
,
4

0
9
6
,
3

3
1
6
,
3

2
8
5
,
3

8
9
3
,
3

5
9
7
,
2

6
3
5
,
2

3
4
3
,
2

6
5
2
,
2

9
5
9
,
1

2
8
8
,
1

5
1
8
,
1

1
9
7
,
1

7
2
7
,
1

9
7
6
,
1

9
2
6
,
1

3
3
5
,
1

2
7
4
,
1

2
7
4
,
1

8
3
5

6
8
0
,
6
1

4
2
2

3
2
1

8
3
1

2
2
1

0
3
1

4
9

3
0
1

3
9

0
9

1
9

2
7

1
6

4
5

4
5

3
5

7
5

5
4

1
4

8
3

1
3

3
4

4
3

8
2

0
2

8
2

9
2

5
2

2
2

2
2

3
2

3
2

:
t
e
k
r
a
m
y
b

s
e
i
t
i
l
i
c
a
f

e
g
a
r
o
t
s
-
f
l
e
S

h
t
r
o
W

.
t

F

/
s
a
l
l
a
D

o
c
s
i
c
n
a
r
F
n
a
S

s
e
l
e
g
n
A
s
o
L

n
o
t
s
u
o
H

k
r
o
Y
w
e
N

o
g
a
c
i
h
C

a
t
n
a
l
t

A

a
m
o
c
a
T
/
e
l
t
t
a
e
S

i

m
a
i

M

a
n
o
t
y
a
D
/
o
d
n
a
l
r

O

C
D
n
o
t
g
n
i
h
s
a

W

e
t
t
o
l
r
a
h
C

r
e
v
n
e
D

l
u
a
P

.
t

S
/
s
i
l
o
p
a
e
n
n
i
M

h
c
a
e
B
m
l
a
P

t
s
e

W

a
i
h
p
l
e
d
a
l
i
h
P

a
p
m
a
T

x
i
n
e
o
h
P

t
i
o
r
t
e
D

n
i
t
s
u
A

d
n
a
l
t
r
o
P

o
t
n
e
m
a
r
c
a
S

o
g
e
i
D
n
a
S

h
g
i
e
l
a
R

o
i
n
o
t
n
A
n
a
S

s
u
b
m
u
l
o
C

k
l
o
f
r
o
N

n
o
t
s
o
B

y
t
i

C
a
m
o
h
a
l
k
O

s
i
l
o
p
a
n
a
i
d
n
I

e
r
o
m

i
t
l
a
B

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
       
       
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
d
e
t
a
l
u
m
u
c
c
A

n
o
i
t
a
i
c
e
r
p
e
D

t
n
u
o
m
A
g
n
i
y
r
r
a
C
s
s
o
r
G

8
1
0
2

,
1
3

r
e
b
m
e
c
e
D

t

A

s
t
s
o
C

t
s
o
C

l
a
i
t
i
n
I

8
1
0
2

t
e
N

t
n
e
u
q
e
s
b
u
S

&

s
g
n
i
d
l
i
u
B

-

m
u
c
n
E

e
l
b
a
t
n
e
R

f
o

.
o
N

l
a
t
o
T

s
g
n
i
d
l
i
u
B

d
n
a
L

n
o
i
t
i
s
i
u
q
c
A
o
t

s
t
n
e
m
e
v
o
r
p
m

I

d
n
a
L

s
e
c
n
a
r
b

t
e
e
F

.
q
S

s
e
i
t
i
l
i
c
a
F

n
o
i
t
p
i
r
c
s
e
D

E
G
A
R
O
T
S
C
I
L
B
U
P

E
T
A
T
S
E
L
A
E
R

-

I
I
I
E
L
U
D
E
H
C
S

I

N
O
I
T
A
C
E
R
P
E
D
D
E
T
A
L
U
M
U
C
C
A
D
N
A

1
8
0
,
0
6

2
6
1
,
7
5

7
6
6
,
1
3

0
3
0
,
6
4

2
0
4
,
1
3

8
7
8
,
7
2

5
5
1
,
1
1

5
1
5
,
0
3

5
5
2
,
6
2

8
8
4
,
8
5

3
0
2
,
4
2

2
1
2
,
6
2

5
8
3
,
3
1

5
7
2
,
0
3

9
7
7
,
3
1

8
8
6
,
1
2

8
5
5
,
5
1

0
8
4
,
3
2

8
1
9
,
8
1

9
8
1
,
1
1

2
1
5
,
6
2

4
4
7
,
3
1

9
1
0
,
9
1

8
3
6
,
2
1

0
6
4
,
6
1

3
6
8
,
7
1

2
5
9
,
0
1

6
1
4
,
1
1

4
0
8
,
1
1

5
6
1
,
2

1
1
8
,
9
1

1
3
5
,
9

5
7
6
,
7
9

3
0
0
,
5
8

2
6
3
,
6
9

5
1
9
,
5
8

8
1
2
,
5
5

2
7
7
,
9
6

3
5
4
,
2
7

3
6
1
,
0
5

4
9
4
,
2
5

5
9
9
,
6
7

8
7
5
,
0
7

4
3
4
,
5
7

8
9
4
,
3
6

0
6
0
,
2
4

1
3
8
,
4
5

1
4
6
,
9
4

2
6
8
,
8
3

2
5
7
,
9
3

1
6
8
,
1
7
1

0
6
7
,
6
1
1

0
8
5
,
5
5

5
6
7
,
0
4

6
9
2
,
9
3

4
4
0
,
8
4

6
2
8
,
7
7

7
5
0
,
3
6

1
7
6
,
5
5

8
0
9
,
5
4

2
5
1
,
9
3

8
7
1
,
8
2

2
0
3
,
6
3

8
1
4
,
8
2

7
2
7
,
8
3

6
5
3
,
8
2

9
4
7
,
0
4

9
6
3
,
0
4

3
5
5
,
5
2

6
8
7
,
5
1

0
3
2
,
6
2

1
2
2
,
0
3

1
6
6
,
6
3

4
1
6
,
7
2

4
5
7
,
0
4

0
4
5
,
2
3

5
2
9
,
2
3

1
0
6
,
9
3

0
6
0
,
6
4

6
6
6
,
9
4

3
6
0
,
0
4

5
3
5
,
6
3

7
8
1
,
9
2

1
9
6
,
2
2

5
8
1
,
1
3

3
2
9
,
0
2

2
1
4
,
9
2

3
7
5
,
1
2

6
9
6
,
7
2

5
8
4
,
0
3

0
9
0
,
1
2

6
5
6
,
3
1

6
4
1
,
2
2

0
3
7
,
2
2

6
0
2
,
8
2

5
0
3
,
9
1

0
8
6
,
0
2

5
2
4
,
4
1

8
2
9
,
0
2

7
1
4
,
2
2

8
5
1
,
3
1

1
4
9
,
4
1

2
1
8
,
2
2

1
0
3
,
1
1

2
4
7
,
2
1

1
0
1
,
5
5

6
2
8
,
4
1

5
2
2
,
8

1
7
3
,
6

3
4
4
,
8

6
6
7
,
1
3

1
9
3
,
3
1

8
0
6
,
5
1

3
7
3
,
9

5
6
9
,
9

7
8
4
,
5

7
1
1
,
5

5
9
4
,
7

5
1
3
,
9

3
8
7
,
6

3
5
0
,
3
1

4
8
8
,
9

3
6
4
,
4

0
3
1
,
2

4
8
0
,
4

1
9
4
,
7

5
5
4
,
8

9
0
3
,
8

1
0
4
,
1
2

6
4
0
,
7
2

2
6
0
,
9
1

4
2
0
,
0
1

8
5
9
,
9

8
9
3
,
2
2

0
9
3
,
6

7
9
1
,
1
1

0
3
3
,
0
1

8
7
3
,
1
1

2
3
0
,
3
1

7
7
8
,
2
1

2
8
6
,
6

7
0
3
,
1
2

7
6
2
,
2

8
2
5
,
6
1

5
4
9
,
4

1
7
8
,
5

9
4
3
,
9

7
8
9
,
3

8
3
2
,
3
1

5
2
6
,
4

4
8
7
,
8

7
1
6
,
3

8
4
2
,
4

5
7
4
,
5

4
4
3
,
5

8
7
0
,
7

2
3
5
,
4

0
0
8
,
1

5
4
0
,
4

0
4
2
,
1

7
3
2
,
6
5

2
3
7
,
3
4

1
3
1
,
7
5

3
2
7
,
2
5

1
7
0
,
2
3

1
5
3
,
2
3

0
5
2
,
3
4

4
1
7
,
7
2

0
2
4
,
9
2

9
9
2
,
6
0
1

1
1
8
,
9
2

9
5
6
,
9
1

5
4
0
,
6
2

9
5
9
,
9
1

5
6
4
,
2
4

4
1
1
,
4
3

3
5
3
,
5
3

2
3
8
,
0
3

7
6
7
,
0
2

4
0
7
,
8
1

5
3
8
,
7
1

7
4
9
,
5
1

1
8
9
,
1
2

4
5
9
,
7
1

3
5
2
,
3
2

1
9
4
,
5
2

9
3
1
,
6
1

1
9
6
,
6

1
4
4
,
7
1

0
3
9
,
0
2

1
5
1
,
4
2

5
6
0
,
8
1

5
3
-
F

7
3
0
,
0
2

5
2
2
,
4
1

9
6
1
,
0
2

8
6
1
,
3
2

9
8
1
,
3
1

3
2
0
,
5
1

3
1
8
,
2
2

2
5
2
,
1
1

4
4
7
,
2
1

4
8
1
,
4
5

7
3
7
,
2
1

9
2
2
,
8

9
6
5
,
6

8
7
7
,
6

4
9
0
,
3
3

5
1
4
,
2
1

3
7
3
,
5
1

5
0
2
,
9

6
3
0
,
9

7
8
4
,
5

9
2
2
,
5

6
4
8
,
7

2
6
9
,
7

5
8
7
,
6

8
4
2
,
3
1

3
0
4
,
9

0
7
0
,
4

7
1
0
,
2

7
5
2
,
4

1
9
4
,
7

5
6
4
,
8

9
0
3
,
8

-

-

-

-

9
9
0
,
1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

4
6
4
,
1

1
6
4
,
1

1
3
3
,
1

9
5
2
,
1

4
6
9

7
4
9

5
7
8

1
4
8

5
3
8

7
0
8

7
8
7

6
0
7

6
0
7

3
9
6

0
9
6

1
8
6

0
7
6

7
2
6

3
2
6

9
5
5

8
3
5

7
1
5

0
1
5

2
6
4

0
6
4

9
3
4

7
3
4

3
3
4

4
9
3

7
7
3

9
2
3

2
4
2

6
2

4
2

3
2

0
2

5
1

7
1

4
1

4
1

6
1

1
1

3
1

2
1

0
1

1
1

2
1

1
1

9

9

7

1
1

4
1

8

9

9

0
1

7

7

7

9

4

7

3

n
e
e
r
G
g
n
i
l

w
o
B
/
e
l
l
i
v
h
s
a
N

n
e
v
a
H
w
e
N
/
d
r
o
f
t
r
a
H

s
g
n
i
r
p
S
o
d
a
r
o
l
o
C

a
g
o
o
n
a
t
t
a
h
C

s
e
l
p
a
N
/
s
r
e
y
M

t
r
o
F

s
n
a
e
l
r

O
w
e
N

n
o
t
s
e
l
r
a
h
C

h
a
n
n
a
v
a
S

o
r
o
b
s
n
e
e
r
G

u
l
u
l
o
n
o
H

e
l
l
i
v
e
h
s
A
/
g
r
u
b
n
a
t
r
a
p
S
/
e
l
l
i
v
s
n
e
e
r
G

o
n
e
R

y
t
i

C
s
a
s
n
a
K

s
i
u
o
L

.
t

S

a
i
b
m
u
l
o
C

s
a
g
e
V
s
a
L

e
e
k
u
a
w

l
i

M

i
t
a
n
n
i
c
n
i
C

e
l
l
i
v
s
i
u
o
L

e
l
l
i
v
n
o
s
k
c
a
J

r
e
t
s
e
h
c
o
R
/
o
l
a
f
f
u
B

y
t
i

C
e
k
a
L

t
l
a
S

s
i
h
p
m
e

M

n
o
r
k
A
/
d
n
a
l
e
v
e
l
C

d
n
o
m
h
c
i
R

n
o
s
c
u
T

s
a
n
i
l
a
S
/
y
e
r
e
t
n
o
M

s
g
n
i
r
p
S
m
l
a
P

a
t
i
h
c
i

W

e
l
i
b
o
M

a
h
a
m
O

m
a
h
g
n
i
m

r
i

B

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
E
G
A
R
O
T
S
C
I
L
B
U
P

E
T
A
T
S
E
L
A
E
R

-

I
I
I
E
L
U
D
E
H
C
S

I

N
O
I
T
A
C
E
R
P
E
D
D
E
T
A
L
U
M
U
C
C
A
D
N
A

2
7
0
,
0
4
1
,
6
$

4
4
8
,
6
9
2
,
5
1
$

2
6
8
,
8
4
2
,
1
1
$

2
8
9
,
7
4
0
,
4
$

4
6
9
,
6
6
4
,
2
$

8
6
6
,
2
4
8
,
8
$

2
1
2
,
7
8
9
,
3
$

3
0
4
,
7
2
$

7
4
0
,

2
6
1

9
2
4
,
2

y
l
l
a
r
e
n
e
g
g
n
i
g
n
a
r

s
e
v
i
l

l
u
f
e
s
u

d
e
t
a
m

i
t
s
e

r
e
v
o

s
i
s
a
b
e
n
i
l
-
t
h
g
i
a
r
t
s

a

n
o

d
e
t
a
i
c
e
r
p
e
d
e
r
a

s
t
n
e
m
e
v
o
r
p
m

i

d
n
a

s
g
n
i
d
l
i
u
B

:
e
t
o
N

.
d
e
t
i
d
u
a
n
u
e
r
a

s
e
i
t
i
l
i
c
a
f

r
u
o
f
o
e
g
a
t
o
o
f

e
r
a
u
q
s

d
n
a

r
e
b
m
u
n
e
h
t

f
o

s
e
r
u
s
o
l
c
s
i
d

,
n
o
i
t
i
d
d
a

n
I

.
s
r
a
e
y

5
2
o
t

5

n
e
e
w
t
e
b

d
e
t
a
l
u
m
u
c
c
A

n
o
i
t
a
i
c
e
r
p
e
D

t
n
u
o
m
A
g
n
i
y
r
r
a
C
s
s
o
r
G

8
1
0
2

,
1
3

r
e
b
m
e
c
e
D

t

A

s
t
s
o
C

t
s
o
C

l
a
i
t
i
n
I

8
1
0
2

t
e
N

t
n
e
u
q
e
s
b
u
S

&

s
g
n
i
d
l
i
u
B

-

m
u
c
n
E

e
l
b
a
t
n
e
R

f
o

.
o
N

l
a
t
o
T

s
g
n
i
d
l
i
u
B

d
n
a
L

n
o
i
t
i
s
i
u
q
c
A
o
t

s
t
n
e
m
e
v
o
r
p
m

I

d
n
a
L

s
e
c
n
a
r
b

t
e
e
F

.
q
S

s
e
i
t
i
l
i
c
a
F

n
o
i
t
p
i
r
c
s
e
D

2
3
1
,
3

3
9
5
,
6

7
9
4
,
5

8
1
7
,
5

6
1
7
,
5

0
2
8
,
5

8
9
4
,
4

1
0
4
,
4

0
1
7
,
3

3
4
0
,
5

2
5
8
,
2

8
5
0
,
2

2
3
1
,
2

7
8
6
,
1

8
3
5
,
1

7
9
8
,
1

5
2
7

0
4
4
,
1
1

1
0
8
,
4
1

1
1
1
,
0
1

8
3
0
,
7

8
4
0
,
5
1

4
3
3
,
7

9
9
0
,
6

9
8
5
,
6

6
5
2
,
5

4
2
2
,
5
1

7
2
6
,
3

9
5
2
,
4

5
7
1
,
3

8
2
8
,
3

0
2
1
,
2

1
0
6
,
2

3
1
2
,
1

2
4
6
,
9

8
2
7
,
3
1

8
1
3
,
8

9
8
6
,
6

3
5
0
,
4
1

3
6
3
,
6

8
5
3
,
5

2
6
1
,
5

6
7
2
,
4

1
9
4
,
9

2
0
4
,
3

3
0
7
,
3

6
5
3
,
2

6
8
2
,
3

6
5
8
,
1

6
5
0
,
2

0
2
0
,
1

8
9
7
,
1

3
7
0
,
1

3
9
7
,
1

9
4
3

5
9
9

1
7
9

1
4
7

0
8
9

7
2
4
,
1

3
3
7
,
5

5
2
2

6
5
5

9
1
8

2
4
5

4
6
2

5
4
5

3
9
1

9
6
1
,
1

2
5
7
,
4

8
2
3
,
2

5
9
0
,
3

7
4
8
,
2

9
8
9
,
2

2
5
2
,
2

1
8
7
,
1

3
6
9
,
1

5
8
3

3
8
9
,
1

1
2
8

0
8
5

7
1
2

2
5
9

7
7
7

3
6
9

5
4
4
,
8

5
7
9
,
8

0
9
9
,
5

4
9
5
,
3

6
0
2
,
1
1

1
2
3
,
3

0
3
0
,
3

0
8
3
,
3

6
4
2
,
2

6
0
1
,
9

9
1
4
,
1

2
8
8
,
2

6
7
7
,
1

8
6
0
,
3

4
0
9

6
0
2

9
7
2
,
1

6
2
8
,
1

4
7
0
,
1

3
9
7
,
1

9
4
3

5
9
9

7
1
8

4
2
0
,
1

8
2
4
,
1

7
4
0
,
1

3
3
7
,
5

5
2
2

6
5
5

9
1
8

3
4
5

4
6
2

5
4
5

4
4

5
9
0
,
9
3

2
4
2
,
6
5

1
9
5
,
5
4

1
5
6
,
0
1

5
5
1
,
4
2

2
7
4
,
2
2

5
1
6
,
9

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2
3
2

0
3
2

2
0
2

8
6
1

5
5
1

3
5
1

0
5
1

4
4
1

9
9

8
9

4
9

8
8

7
5

6
5

6
5

5
5

3
3

4

5

4

3

3

3

2

2

2

2

2

2

1

1

1

1

1

r
u
t
a
c
e
D
/
e
l
l
i
v
s
t
n
u
H

t
r
o
p
e
v
e
r
h
S

e
k
o
y
l
o
H
/
d
l
e
i
f
g
n
i
r
p
S

a
r
a
b
r
a
B
a
t
n
a
S

r
e
t
s
e
h
c
o
R

e
l
l
i
v
s
n
a
v
E

n
o
t
y
a
D

a
t
s
u
g
u
A

e
n
y
a
W

t
r
o
F

e
c
n
e
d
i
v
o
r
P

a
k
e
p
o
T

g
n
i
s
n
a
L

e
k
o
n
a
o
R

n
i
l
p
o
J

t
n
i
l

F

e
s
u
c
a
r
y
S

n
o
t
k
c
o
t
S
/
o
n
s
e
r
F
/
o
t
s
e
d
o
M

g
n
i
t
a
r
e
p
o
-
n
o
n

d
n
a

l
a
i
c
r
e
m
m
o
C

e
t
a
t
s
e

l
a
e
r

6
3
-
F

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
     
     
 
Exhibit 23.1 

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements: 

(1) 

(2) 

(3) 

(4) 

Registration Statement on Form S-3ASR, as amended, (No. 333-211758) and related prospectus, 

Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-210937) and related prospectus of Public Storage for 
the registration of common shares of beneficial interest pertaining to the Public Storage 2016 Equity 
and Performance-Based Incentive Compensation Plan, 

Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-195646) and related prospectus of Public Storage for 
the registration of common shares of beneficial interest pertaining to the Public Storage 2007 Equity 
and Performance-Based Incentive Compensation Plan as Amended, and 

Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No.333-144907) and related prospectus of Public Storage for 
the registration of common shares of beneficial interest pertaining to the Public Storage 2007 Equity 
and Performance-Based Incentive Compensation Plan; 

of our reports dated February 27, 2019, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedule of Public 
Storage and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Public Storage included in this Annual 
Report (Form 10-K) of Public Storage for the year ended December 31, 2018. 

/s/ ERNST & YOUNG LLP 

February 27, 2019 
Los Angeles, California 

 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RULE 13A – 14(a) CERTIFICATION 

I, Joseph D. Russell, Jr., certify that: 

1. 

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Public Storage; 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a 
material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements 
were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as 
of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 

4.  The  registrant's  other  certifying  officers  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure 
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over 
financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: 

a)  designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to 
be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including 
its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the 
period in which this report is being prepared; 

b)  designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles; 

c) 

evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant's  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this 
report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of 
the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and 

d)  disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an 
annual  report)  that  has  materially  affected,  or  is  reasonably  likely  to  materially  affect,  the  registrant’s 
internal control over financial reporting; and 

5.  The registrant's other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal 
control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of 
directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): 

a) 

all significant deficiencies and material  weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and 

b)  any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant 

role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. 

/s/ Joseph D. Russell, Jr. 
Name:  Joseph D. Russell, Jr. 
Title:  Chief Executive Officer and President 
Date: 

February 27, 2019 

Exhibit 31.1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RULE 13A – 14(a) CERTIFICATION 

I, H. Thomas Boyle, certify that: 

1. 

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K of Public Storage; 

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a 
material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements 
were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; 

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as 
of, and for, the periods presented in this report; 

4.  The  registrant's  other  certifying  officers  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure 
controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over 
financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: 

a)  designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to 
be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including 
its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the 
period in which this report is being prepared; 

b)  designed  such  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  or  caused  such  internal  control  over  financial 
reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles; 

c) 

evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  registrant's  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this 
report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of 
the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and 

d)  disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an 
annual  report)  that  has  materially  affected,  or  is  reasonably  likely  to  materially  affect,  the  registrant’s 
internal control over financial reporting; and 

5.  The registrant's other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal 
control over financial reporting, to the registrant's auditors and the audit committee of the registrant's board of 
directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): 

a) 

all significant deficiencies and  material  weaknesses in  the  design or operation of internal control over 
financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant's ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and 

b)  any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant 

role in the registrant's internal control over financial reporting. 

/s/ H. Thomas Boyle 
Name:  H. Thomas Boyle 
Title:  Chief Financial Officer 
Date: 

February 27, 2019 

Exhibit 31.2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SECTION 1350 CERTIFICATION 

In  connection  with  the  Annual  Report  on  Form  10-K  of  Public  Storage  (the  “Company”)  for  the  year  ended 
December 31,  2018,  as  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  (the  “SEC”)  on  the  date  hereof  (the 
“Report”), Joseph D. Russell, Jr., as Chief Executive Officer and President of the Company and H. Thomas Boyle, as 
Chief Financial Officer of the Company, each hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. §1350, as adopted pursuant to 
§906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley”), that: 

(1)  The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as 

amended (the “Exchange Act”); and 

(2)  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results 

of operations of the Company. 

/s/ Joseph D. Russell, Jr. 
Name:  Joseph D. Russell, Jr. 
Title:  Chief Executive Officer and President 
Date: 

February 27, 2019 

/s/ H. Thomas Boyle 
Name:  H. Thomas Boyle 
Title:  Chief Financial Officer 
Date: 

February 27, 2019 

This  certification  accompanies  the  Report  pursuant  to  §906  of  Sarbanes-Oxley  and  shall  not,  except  to  the  extent 
required by Sarbanes-Oxley, be deemed filed by the Company for purposes of §18 of the Exchange Act. 

A signed original of this written statement required by §906 of Sarbanes-Oxley has been provided to the Company, 
and will be retained and furnished to the SEC or its staff upon request. 

Exhibit 32 

 
 
 
 
 
 
C O R P O R AT E   D ATA  (as of February 28, 2019)

Trustees

Executive Team

Ronald L. Havner, Jr. (2002)
Chairman of the Board, Retired Chief Executive 
Officer, Public Storage

Joseph D. Russell, Jr.
President, Chief Executive Officer

H. Thomas Boyle
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer

Lily Yan Hughes
Senior Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and
Corporate Secretary 

Natalia N. Johnson
Senior Vice President,  
Chief Human Resources Officer

Todd Andrews
Senior Vice President, Controller

Corporate Headquarters
701 Western Avenue
Glendale, CA 91201-2349

Investor Relations
Additional information contact
Ryan Burke
Vice President, Investor Relations
(818) 244-8080

Transfer Agent
Computershare Trust Company, N.A.
P.O. Box 505000
Louisville, KY 40233-5000
(781) 575-3120
Shareholder website:
  http://www.computershare.com/investor
Shareholder online inquiries:
  https://www-us.computershare.com/investor/contact

Mark A. Delcher
Senior Vice President, Chief Information Officer

Steven H. Lentin
Senior Vice President, Chief Operating Officer

Independent Registered Public
Accounting Firm
Ernst & Young LLP
Los Angeles, CA

Michael K. McGowan
Senior Vice President, Acquisitions

Timothy J. Stanley
Senior Vice President, Capital Investments

Phillip D. Williams, Jr.
Senior Vice President, Construction

Third Party Management
Peter G. Panos
President

Asset Management
John M. Sambuco
President

PS Insurance
Capri L. Haga
President

Shurgard Self Storage SA (Europe)
Marc Oursin
Chief Executive Officer

PS Business Parks, Inc.
Maria R. Hawthorne
President, Chief Executive Officer

Annual Meeting of Shareholders
The Annual Meeting of Shareholders of
Public Storage will be held on April 24, 2019  
at 10:00 a.m. Eastern Time at The Biltmore 
Hotel, 1200 Anatasia Avenue, Coral Gables, FL.

Additional Information Sources
The Company’s website, PublicStorage.com, 
contains financial information of interest to  
shareholders, brokers and others.

Public Storage is a member and active 
supporter of the National Association of Real  
Estate Investment Trusts.

Joseph D. Russell, Jr. (2019)
President and Chief Executive Officer, 
Public Storage

Tamara Hughes Gustavson (2008)
Real Estate Investor, Philanthropist

Uri P. Harkham (1993) 
Chief Executive Officer, Harkham Family 
Enterprises

Leslie S. Heisz (2017) 
Retired Managing Director of  
Lazard Frères & Co.

B. Wayne Hughes, Jr. (1998) 
Founder, American Commercial
Equities, LLC

Avedick B. Poladian (2010)
Retired Executive Vice President and  
Chief Operating Officer, Lowe Enterprises, Inc.

Gary E. Pruitt (2006) 
Retired Chairman and Chief Executive  
Officer, Univar N.V.

John Reyes (2019) 
Retired Chief Financial Officer,  
Public Storage

Ronald P. Spogli (2010)
Co-Founder, Freeman Spogli & Co.

Daniel C. Staton (1999)
Chairman and Managing Director,
Staton Capital

(    ) = Year trustee was elected to the Board

Founder and Chairman Emeritus
B. Wayne Hughes

Certifications 
The most recent certifications by our Chief 
Executive Officer and Chief Financial  
Officer pursuant to Sections 302 and 906 of  
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 are filed as 
exhibits to our Form 10-K.  Our Chief  
Executive Officer’s most recent annual certi-
fication to the New York Stock Exchange  
was submitted on May 23, 2018.

Stock Exchange Listing
The Company’s Common Shares trade under 
ticker symbol PSA on the New York Stock 
Exchange.

P

U

B

L

I

C

S

T

O

R

A

G

E

A

N

N

U

A

L

R

E

P

O

R

T

2

0

1

8

Public Storage

701 Western Avenue, Glendale, California 91201-2349
(818) 244-8080  •  PublicStorage.com

 (SKU 002CSN9BA6)