UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________________________________ FORM 10-K [X] ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended June 30, 2019 Commission file number: 001-15317 ______________________________________________________________________________________________ ResMed Inc. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 98-0152841 (IRS Employer Identification No.) 9001 Spectrum Center Blvd. San Diego, CA 92123 United States of America (Address of principal executive offices) (858) 836-5000 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Common Stock, par value $0.004 per share Trading Symbol(s) RMD Name of each exchange on which registered New York Stock Exchange Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act None ______________________________________________________________________________________________ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☒☒ No ☐☐ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Act. Yes ☐☐ No ☒☒ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒☒ No ☐☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒☒ No ☐☐ Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulations S-K (§ 229.405 of this Chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K ☒☒ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer Non-accelerated filer Emerging growth company Accelerated filer Smaller reporting company ☒☒ ☐☐ ☐☐ ☐☐ ☐☐ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐☐ No ☒☒ The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates of registrant as of December 31, 201 8 (the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter), computed by reference to the closing sale price of such stock on the New York Stock Exchange, was $ 16,203,677,315 . All directors, executive officers, and 10% stockholders of registrant are considered affiliates. At July 2 9, 201 9 , registrant had 14 3 , 671 ,0 55 shares of Common Stock, $0.004 par value, issued and outstanding. This number excludes 41, 8 36,234 shares held by the registrant as treasury shares. Portions of the registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement to be delivered to stockholders in connection with the registrant’s 2019 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed subsequent to the date hereof, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this report. Table of Contents Part I Part II Part III Part IV Item 1 Item 1A Item 1B Item 2 Item 3 Item 4 Item 5 Item 6 Item 7 Item 7A Item 8 Item 9 Item 9A Item 9B Item 10 Item 11 Item 12 Item 13 Item 14 Item 15 Item 16 TABLE OF CONTE NTS Cautionary Note Regarding Forward Looking Statements Business Risk Factors Unresolved Staff Comments Properties Legal Proceedings Mine Safety Disclosures Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Selected Financial Data Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market and Business Risks Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Controls and Procedures Other Information Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Executive Compensation Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence Principal Accounting Fees and Services Exhibits and Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules Form 10-K Summary Signatures 1 1 19 32 32 32 33 34 36 37 46 48 81 81 85 86 86 86 86 86 87 88 89 As used in this 10-K, the terms “we”, “us”, “our” and “the Company” refer to ResMed Inc., a Delaware corporation, and its subsidiaries, on a consolidated basis, unless otherwise stated. Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES PART I Item 1 Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This report contains certain forward-looking statements and information that are based on the beliefs of our management as well as estimates and assumptions made by, and information currently available to our management. All statements other than statements regarding historical facts are forward-looking statements. The words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “will,” “estimate,” “plan,” “future” and other similar expressions, and negative statements of such expressions, generally identify forward-looking statements, including, in particular, statements regarding new product development, new product launches, new markets for its products, the integration of acquisitions, leveraging of strategic investments, litigation, and tax outlook. These forward-looking statements are made in accordance with the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements reflect the views of our management at the time the statements are made and are subject to a number of risks, uncertainties, estimates and assumptions, including, without limitation, and in addition to those identified in the text surrounding such statements, those identified in Item 1A “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this report. In addition, important factors to consider in evaluating such forward-looking statements include changes or developments in healthcare reform, social, economic, market, legal or regulatory circumstances, changes in our business or growth strategy or an inability to execute our strategy due to changes in our industry or the economy generally, the emergence of new or growing competitors, the actions or omissions of third parties, including suppliers, customers, competitors and governmental authorities, and various other factors. If any one or more of these risks or uncertainties materialize, or underlying estimates or assumptions prove incorrect, actual results may vary significantly from those expressed in our forward-looking statements, and there can be no assurance that the forward-looking statements contained in this report will in fact occur. ITEM 1 BUSINESS General We are a global leader in the development, manufacturing, distribution and marketing of medical devices and cloud-based software solutions that diagnose, treat and manage respiratory disorders including sleep disordered breathing, or SDB, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD, neuromuscular disease and other chronic diseases. SDB includes obstructive sleep apnea, or OSA, and other respiratory disorders that occur during sleep. Our products and solutions are designed to improve patient quality of life, reduce the impact of chronic disease and lower healthcare costs as global healthcare systems continue to drive a shift in care from hospitals to the home and lower cost settings. Our cloud-based software digital health applications, along with our devices are designed to provide connected care to improve patient outcomes and efficiencies for our customers. Following our formation in 1989, we commercialized a treatment for OSA. This treatment, nasal Continuous Positive Airway Pressure, or CPAP, was the first successful noninvasive treatment for OSA. CPAP systems deliver pressurized air, typically through a nasal mask, to prevent collapse of the upper airway during sleep. Since the development of CPAP, we have expanded our business by developing or acquiring a number of innovative products and solutions for a broader range of respiratory disorders including technologies to be applied in medical and consumer products, ventilation devices, diagnostic products, mask systems for use in the hospital and home, headgear and other accessories, dental devices, portable oxygen concentrators, or POCs , and cloud-based software informatics solutions to manage patient outcomes and customer and provider business processes. Our growth has been fueled by geographic expansion, our research and product development efforts, acquisitions and an increasing awareness of SDB and respiratory conditions like COPD as significant health concerns. We are also a leading provider of cloud-based software health applications and devices designed to provide connected care, improving patient outcomes and efficiencies for healthcare providers. These tools are designed to allow fewer people to manage more patients, and empower patients to track their own health outcomes . We employ approximately 7,200 people and sell our products in approximately 120 countries through a combination of wholly owned subsidiaries and independent distributors. Our web site address is www.resmed.com. Information contained on our website is not part of or incorporated into this report. We make our periodic reports, together with any amendments, available on our website, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file or furnish the reports with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. The SEC maintains an internet site, www.sec.gov, which contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. - 1 - Table of Contents PART I Corporate History RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 ResMed Inc., a Delaware corporation, was formed in March 1994 as the ultimate holding company for our operating subsidiaries. In June 1995, we completed an initial public offering of common stock and our common stock began trading on the NASDAQ National Market. In September 1999, we transferred our principal listing to the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, trading under the ticker symbol “RMD”. In November 1999, we established a secondary listing of our common stock via Chess Depositary Instruments, or CDIs, on the Australian Stock Exchange (now known as the Australian Securities Exchange), or ASX, also under the symbol “RMD”. Ten CDIs on the ASX represent one share of our common stock on the NYSE. Our Australian subsidiary, ResMed Holdings Limited, was originally organized in 1989 by Dr. Peter Farrell to acquire from Baxter Center for Medical Research Pty Limited, or Baxter, the rights to certain technology relating to CPAP treatment as well as Baxter’s existing CPAP device business. Baxter acquired the rights to the technology in 1987, and sold CPAP devices in Australia from 1988 until our acquisition of the business. Since formation we have acquired a number of businesses, including distributors, suppliers, developers of medical equipment and related technologies and software solutions providers. Segment Information Prior to the three months ended December 31, 2018, we had previously determined that our software-as-a-sol utions, or SaaS, line of business was not material to our global operations in terms of revenue and profit, and therefore had not been separately reported as a segment. However, following recent acquisitions, we have quantitatively and qualitatively reassessed our segment reporting and determined the SaaS segment is material to the group, and now have two operating segments, which are the Sleep and Respiratory Care segment and the SaaS segment. See Note 15 – Segment Information of the Notes to Financial Statements (Part II, Item 8) for financial information regarding segment reporting. Financial information about our revenues from and assets located in foreign countries is also included in the notes to our consolidated financial statements. The Market We are focused on the sleep and related respiratory care markets, both of which we believe are globally underpenetrated markets, and where we believe our products can improve patient outcomes, create efficiencies for our customers, help physicians and providers better manage chronic disease and reduce overall healthcare system costs. Additionally, our software solutions are focused out-of-hospital care market , which we believe is fragmented and underserved and where we see significant opportunity to transform and significantly improve out-of-hospital healthcare through a strategy of enabling better patient care, improving clinical decision support, and driving interoperability across out-of- hospital care settings. Sleep Sleep is a complex neurological process that includes two distinct states: rapid eye movement, or REM, sleep and non-rapid eye movement, or non-REM, sleep. REM sleep, which is about 20-25% of total sleep experienced by adults, is characterized by a high level of brain activity, bursts of rapid eye movement, increased heart and respiration rates, and paralysis of many muscles. Non-REM sleep is subdivided into four stages that generally parallel sleep depth; stage 1 is the lightest and stage 4 is the deepest. The upper airway has no rigid support and is held open by active contraction of upper airway muscles. Normally, during REM sleep and deeper levels of non-REM sleep, upper airway muscles relax and the airway narrows. Individuals with narrow upper airways or poor muscle tone are prone to temporary collapses of the upper airway during sleep, called apneas, and to near closures of the upper airway called hypopneas. These breathing events result in a lowering of blood oxygen concentration, causing the central nervous system to react to the lack of oxygen or increased carbon dioxide and signaling the body to respond. Typically, the individual subconsciously arouses from sleep, causing the throat muscles to contract, opening the airway. After a few gasping breaths, blood oxygen levels increase and the individual can resume a deeper sleep until the cycle repeats itself. Sufferers of OSA typically experience ten or more such cycles per hour. While these awakenings greatly impair the quality of sleep, the individual is not normally aware of these disruptions. In addition, OSA has been recognized as a cause of hypertension and a significant co-morbidity for heart disease, stroke and diabetes. - 2 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 A long-term epidemiology study published in 2013 estimated that 26% of adults age 30-70 have some form of obstructive sleep apnea. In the United States alone, this represents approximately 46 million people. Another study published in 201 9 estimated that mild to severe sleep apnea impacts more than 936 million people worldwide, of which, it was estimated that more than 424 million would have moderate to severe sleep apnea. Despite the high prevalence of OSA, there is a general lack of awareness of OSA among both the medical community and the general public. It is estimated that less than 20% of those with OSA have been diagnosed or treated. Many healthcare professionals are often unable to diagnose OSA because they are unaware that such non-specific symptoms as excessive daytime sleepiness, snoring, hypertension and irritability are characteristic of OSA. While OSA has been diagnosed in a broad cross-section of the population, until recently, it has typically been diagnosed among middle-aged men who are obese. However, we believe the importance of OSA in women is increasingly being recognized, with nearly 40% of new PAP patients being female. A strong association has been discovered between OSA and a number of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. Studies have shown that SDB is present in approximately 83% of patients with drug-resistant hypertension, approximately 72% of patients with type 2 diabetes, approximately 77% of patients with obesity and approximately 76% of patients with chronic heart failure. Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Obstructive Sleep Apnea Sleep-disordered breathing encompasses all disease processes that cause abnormal breathing patterns during sleep. Manifestations include OSA, central sleep apnea, or CSA, and hypoventilation syndromes that occur during sleep. Hypoventilation syndromes are generally associated with obesity, chronic obstructive lung disease and neuromuscular disease. OSA is the most common form of SDB. Sleep fragmentation and the loss of the deeper levels of sleep caused by OSA can lead to excessive daytime sleepiness, reduced cognitive function, including memory loss and lack of concentration, depression and irritability. OSA sufferers also experience an increase in heart rate and an elevation of blood pressure during the cycle of apneas. Several studies indicate that the oxygen desaturation, increased heart rate and elevated blood pressure caused by OSA may be associated with increased risk of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality due to angina, stroke and heart attack. Patients with OSA have been shown to have impaired daytime performance in a variety of cognitive functions including problem solving, response speed and visual motor coordination, and studies have linked OSA to increased occurrences of traffic and workplace accidents. Generally, an individual seeking treatment for the symptoms of OSA is referred by a general practitioner to a sleep specialist for further evaluation. The diagnosis of OSA typically requires monitoring the patient during sleep at either a sleep clinic or the patient’s home. During overnight testing, respiratory parameters and sleep patterns may be monitored, along with other vital signs such as heart rate and blood oxygen levels. Simpler tests, using devices such as our Apneal ink Air, or our automatic positive airway pressure devices, monitor airflow during sleep, and use computer programs to analyze airflow patterns. These tests allow sleep clinicians to detect any sleep disturbances such as apneas, hypopneas or subconscious awakenings. Before 1981, the primary treatment for OSA was a tracheotomy, a surgical procedure to create a hole in the patient’s windpipe. Alternative surgical treatments have involved either uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, or UPPP, in which surgery is performed on the upper airway to remove excess tissue and to streamline the shape of the airway or implanting a device to add support to the soft palate. UPPP alone has a poor success rate; however, when performed in conjunction with multi-stage upper airway surgical procedures, a greater success rate has been claimed. These combined procedures, performed by highly specialized surgeons, are expensive and involve prolonged and often painful recovery periods. Surgical treatments are not considered first line therapy for OSA. Other alternative treatments available today include nasal surgery, mandibular advancement surgery, dental appliances, palatal implants, somnoplasty, nasal devices and electrical stimulation of the nerves or muscles. Alternative pharmaceutical therapy treatments are reported to be under development. A variety of devices are marketed for the treatment of OSA. Most are only partially effective, but CPAP is a reliable treatment for all severities of OSA and is considered first-line therapy. Use of mandibular advancement devices is increasing as a second-line option in patients unable to use CPAP or those with mild OSA. These devices cause the mandible and tongue to be pulled forward and improve the dimensions of the upper airway. CPAP is a non-invasive means of treating OSA. CPAP was first used as a treatment for OSA in 1980 by Dr. Colin Sullivan, the past Chairman of our Medical Advisory Board and was commercialized for treatment of OSA in the United States in the mid-1980s. During CPAP treatment, a patient sleeps with a nasal interface connected to a small portable air device that delivers room air at a positive pressure. The patient breathes in air from the device and breathes out through an exhaust port in the interface. Continuous air pressure applied in this manner acts as a pneumatic splint to keep the upper airway open and unobstructed. Interfaces include nasal masks and nasal pillows. Sometimes, when a patient leaks air through their mouth, a full-face mask may need to be used, rather than a nasal interface. - 3 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 CPAP is not a cure and, therefore, must be used on a nightly basis as long as treatment is required. Patient compliance has been a major factor in the efficacy of CPAP treatment. Early generations of CPAP units provided limited patient comfort and convenience. Patients experienced soreness from the repeated use of nasal masks and had difficulty falling asleep with the CPAP device operating at the prescribed pressure. In more recent years, product innovations to improve patient comfort and compliance have been developed. These include more comfortable patient interface systems; delay timers that gradually raise air pressure allowing the patient to fall asleep more easily; bilevel air devices, including Variable Positive Airway Pressure, or VPAP systems, which provide different air pressures for inhalation and exhalation; heated humidification systems to make the airflow more comfortable; and autotitration devices that reduce the average pressure delivered during the night. Respiratory Care Our aim is to provide respiratory c are solutions to patients with COPD and other chronic respiratory diseases , such as overlap syndrome, obesity hypoventilation syndrome, or OHS, and neuromuscular disease, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, or ALS . We aim to improve their quality of life, slow down disease progression and reduce the costs of patient management. Our products cover patients ranging from those who only require therapy from CPAP or VPAP systems at night, to those who are dependent on non-invasive or invasive ventilation for life-support and those who require portable oxygen concentrators , or POCs . Our devices are predominantly used in the home and, to a lesser extent, in general hospital wards and respiratory wards. We supply CPAP and VPAP systems, non-invasive and invasive ventilators, humidifiers and accessories, including masks and tubing. We also offer stationary and portable battery powered oxygen concentrators for the administration of long-term oxygen therapy in the home as well as data management systems designed to improve the management of patients. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. COPD encompasses a group of lung diseases defined by persistent airflow limitation, prolongation of exhalation and loss of elasticity in the lungs. It is a progressive and debilitating disease and is associated with an increased inflammatory response in the airways. Symptoms encountered with COPD include shortness of breath as well as chronic cough and increased sputum production. COPD includes diseases such as emphysema and chronic bronchitis. A recent study based on recent epidemiology data estimates that there are approximately 380 million people worldwide who suffer from COPD. Patients with COPD can have different clinical presentations. Patients with chronic bronchitis present with low level of oxygen (hypoxemia) and elevated levels of carbon dioxide (hypercapnia), a chronic productive cough, cor pulmonale and are commonly overweight. Patients with emphysema have more normal blood gases, are usually thin and hyperinflated and have a decreased diffusion capacity. During sleep, chronic bronchitic patients display more severe hypoxemia. In general, the more hypoxic a COPD patient is during the day the more severe the hypoxemia experienced during sleep. Hypercapnia as a consequence of hypoventilation also occurs in COPD patients and is more pronounced in REM sleep. Some COPD patients may also suffer from co-morbid OSA, a condition known as Overlap Syndrome. Home non-invasive ventilation has the potential to reduce healthcare costs associated with the management of patients with severe COPD by significantly increasing the time between hospital readmissions. Overlap Syndrome. In patients with Overlap Syndrome, CPAP has been shown to provide benefits in relation to reducing mortality, decreasing hospitalizations and improving lung function and gas exchange. Non-invasive ventilation, or NIV, has been demonstrated to improve outcomes in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD through its ability to improve respiratory acidosis and decrease dyspnea and work of breathing. It may also increase survival rates and reduce length of hospital stays, as well as reducing complicating factors such as ventilator-associated pneumonia. In patients with stable COPD the advantages of home NIV are less clear but clinical studies have shown improvements in dyspnea scores and health-related quality of life measures and reductions in hospital readmissions and intensive care stays. Long-term oxygen therapy, or LTOT, is indicated in chronic respiratory failure patients. The administration of LTOT has been shown to increase survival rates in patients with severe resting hypoxemia. In hypoxemic COPD patients, LTOT is associated with a lower mortality compared to nocturnal oxygen therapy alone and also associated with improved health-related quality of life measures. In long-term COPD survivors with a history of congestive heart failure, LTOT is associated with a slowing of respiratory failure progression. Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome. OHS is characterized by the combination of obesity, chronic alveolar hypoventilation leading to daytime hypercapnia and hypoxia and SDB after the exclusion of other causes of alveolar hypoventilation. OHS is frequently associated with OSA with an estimated 90% of patients also having OSA. - 4 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 In patients with OHS, positive airway therapy, both CPAP and NIV, has been shown to effectively treat upper airway obstruction and reverse daytime respiratory failure as well as reduce the work of breathing and improve respiratory drive. Neuromuscular Disease. Neuromuscular disease is a broad term that encompasses many diseases that either directly (via intrinsic muscle pathology) or indirectly (via nerve pathology) impair the functioning of muscles. Symptoms of neuromuscular disease and respiratory failure include increasing generalized weakness and fatigue, dysphagia, dyspnoea on exertion and at rest, sleepiness, morning headache, difficulties with concentration and mood changes. Most neuromuscular diseases are characterized by progressive muscular impairment leading to loss of ambulation, being wheelchair-bound, swallowing difficulties, respiratory muscle weakness and, eventually, death from respiratory failure. Neuromuscular disorders can progress rapidly or slowly. Rapidly progressive conditions , such as ALS and Duchenne muscular dystrophy in teenagers, are characterized by muscle impairment which worsens over months and can result in death within a few years. Variable or slowly progressive conditions, such as Myotonic muscular dystrophy, are characterized by muscle impairment that worsens over years and may mildly reduce life expectancy. NIV treatment to patients with neuromuscular disease may lead to improvements in respiratory failure symptoms and daytime arterial blood gases. In ALS patients, NIV treatment has been associated with an improvement in quality of life measures, sleep-related symptoms and survival. Studies have demonstrated that patients with Duchenne muscular dystrophy may improve in quality of life measures and may increase chance of survival with NIV treatment. Business Strategy We believe that the SDB and respiratory care markets will continue to grow in the future due to a number of factors, including increasing awareness of OSA, CSA and COPD, improved understanding of the role of SDB treatment in the management of cardiac, neurologic, metabolic and related disorders, improved understanding of the role of non-invasive ventilation in the management of COPD, and an increase in the use of digital and product technology to improve patient outcomes and create efficiencies for customers and providers. Our strategy for expanding our business operations and capitalizing on the growth of the SDB and respiratory care markets , as well as growth in out-of-hospital care setting s , consists of the following key elements: · · · Continue Product Development and Innovation in SDB Products. We are committed to ongoing innovation in developing products for the diagnosis and treatment of SDB. We have been a leading innovator of products designed to treat SDB more effectively, increase patient comfort and encourage compliance with prescribed therapy. In 2016, we introduced a number of new software solutions including our ResMed Resupply, GoScripts and new features and enhancements within our cloud-based software offerings. Through our acquisition of Brightree , we also acquired a suite of software - as - a - service solutions for U.S. based distributor and home health and hospice customers. In addition, through our acquisitions of Inova Labs and Curative Medical we acquired the Inova Labs range of POCs and a portfolio of Curative Medical SDB and ventilation products. We believe that the combination of continued product development, product and technology acquisitions and innovation are key factors to our ongoing success. In 2017, we introduced a number of new products and solutions, including AirFit N20 nasal and F20 full face masks with an InfinitySeal silicone cushion, AirMini, the world’s smallest CPAP, AirTouch F20 full face mask with Ultrasoft memory foam and new integrations and enhancements of AirView and Brightree software, including AirView Action Groups. In 2018, we introduce d automatic resupply enrollment for patients managed by both Brightree and ResMed, our first ResMed - branded portable oxygen concentrator called Mobi and a diffuser vent elbow for our latest CPAP full face masks called QuietAir. In 2019 , we released new products including AirFit F30, a full face mask with minimal-contact cushion, and AirFit N30i and P30i, a top-of-head connected nasal and pillow mask, respectively. Approximately 17% of our employees are devoted to research and development activities. Continue Product Development and Innovation in Respiratory Care Products. We are committed to ongoing innovation of our respiratory care products that serve the needs of patients with COPD and neuromuscular diseases. With the addition of Inova Labs POCs and our non-invasive ventilator devices a s well as masks and accessories , we intend to continue to expand and enhance our product offerings in this area. In 2018, we launched Mobi which is our first ResMed - branded portable oxygen concentrator. In 2019, we acquired Propeller Health and its digital health platform for inhalers, rounding out our portfolio to treat COPD patients through all stages of their disease. Expand S a a S solutions in O ut- of-Hospital Care S ettings: Our vision is to transform and signif icantly improve out-of-hospital healthcare through a strategy of enabling better patient care, improving clinical decision support, and driving interoperability across out-of-hospital healthcare settings. We offer software solutions across multiple out-of-hospital healthcare settings from home medical equipment, to home health and hospice, skilled nursing, private duty, and beyond. We are connecting capabilities across the platforms in these out-of-hospital care settings to help our customers be more efficient, better serve people, keep them out-of-hospital , and in lower-cost, higher-quality care settings. - 5 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 · · · · Expand Geographic Presence. We market our products in more than 120 c ountries to sleep clinics, home healthcare dealers, patients and third-party payors. We intend to increase our sales and marketing efforts in our principal markets, as well as expand the depth of our presence in other high-growth geographic regions. In 2016, we acquired Curative Medical to invest in the China market and expand our growth potential in SDB, COPD and respiratory care in China. Increase Public and Clinical Awareness. We continue to expand our existing promotional activities to increase awareness of SDB, COPD and other clinical conditions that can be treated with our industry-leading solutions. These promotional activities target both the population predisposed to SDB and medical specialists, such as pulmonologists, sleep medicine specialists, primary care physicians, cardiologists, neurologists and other medical subspecialists who treat these conditions and their associated co - morbidities. In the last year we invested in SleepScore Labs, a joint venture between ResMed, Dr. Mehmet Oz and Pegasus Capital to help consumers better understand and improve their sleep. We also target special interest groups, including the National Stroke Association, the American Heart Association, COPD Foundation and the National Sleep Foundation, to further increase awareness of the relationship between SDB or OSA, COPD, neuromuscular disease and co-morbidities such as cardiac disease, diabetes, hypertension and obesity. The programs also support our efforts to inform the community of the dangers of sleep apnea with regard to occupational health and safety, especially in the transport industry. We have helped establish a center for clinical care and medical research at the University of California at San Diego in the fields of sleep apnea and COPD. Expand into New Clinical Applications. We continually seek to identify new applications of our technology for significant unmet medical needs. Studies have established a clinical association between OSA and both stroke and congestive heart failure, and have recognized SDB as a cause of hypertension or high blood pressure. Research also indicates that SDB is independently associated with glucose intolerance and insulin resistance. Additionally, research supported by ResMed has demonstrated that the addition of non- invasive ventilation to patients with severe COPD who are receiving oxygen therapy, provides meaningful clinical benefits to the patient, and the broader healthcare system. We maintain close working relationships with a number of prominent physicians to explore new medical applications for our products and technology. Leverage the Experience of our Management Team. Our senior management team has extensive experience in the medical device industry in general, and in the fields of SDB, respiratory care and healthcare informatics in particular. We intend to continue to leverage the experience and expertise of these individuals to maintain our innovative approach to the development of products and solutions, and to increase awareness of the serious medical problems caused by SDB and the use of oxygen, non-invasive ventilation, and in-home life support ventilation to treat COPD. Products Our portfolio of products includes devices, diagnostic products, mask systems, headgear and other accessories, dental devices, POCs and cloud- based software informatics solutions. For purposes of the following discussion, we refer to our air flow generators, ventilators and oxygen concentrators collectively as devices. Devices We produce CPAP, VPAP and AutoSet systems for the titration and treatment of SDB. The devices deliver positive airway pressure through a patient interface, either a small nasal mask, nasal pillows system, full-face mask or cannula. Our VPAP units deliver ultra-quiet, comfortable bilevel therapy. AutoSet systems are based on a proprietary technology to monitor breathing and can also be used in the diagnosis, treatment and management of OSA. During fiscal year 2017, we launched AirMini, the smallest portable CPAP on the market today combining the same proven therapy modes used in the AirSense 10 with effective waterless humidification enabling portable convenience. We also acquired a line of Chinese-developed and manufactured sleep and ventilation devices with the acquisition of Curative Medical in fiscal year 2016 . Devices in total accounted for approximately 52% , 56% and 56% of our net revenues in fiscal years 2019, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. The tables below provide a selection of products, as known by our trademarks, which have been released in recent years. CPAP PRODUCTS AirSense 10 Elite DESCRIPTION An advanced fixed-pressure therapy device with an integrated humidifier. It is designed to be intuitive and easy-to-use. The device also features built-in wireless connectivity. INTRODUCTION DATE August 2014 AirSense 10 CPAP The AirSense 10 CPAP is a fixed-pressure therapy device. It also provides compliance, AHI and leak data reporting. The device also features built-in wireless connectivity. August 2014 - 6 - Table of Contents PART I VPAP PRODUCTS AirCurve 10 S RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES DESCRIPTION A bilevel device for patients who need extra pressure support or find it difficult to adjust to therapy on a fixed pressure continuous positive airway pressure device. F eatures built-in wireless connectivity and works seamlessly with ResMed’s AirView™ patient monitoring software. Item 1 INTRODUCTION DATE December 2014 AirCurve 10 V Auto An auto-adjusting bilevel device for patients who need greater pressure support to treat their obstructive sleep apnea. Features built-in wireless connectivity and works seamlessly with ResMed’s AirView™ patient monitoring software. December 2014 AirCurve 10 ST A bilevel device with backup rate that provides exceptional patient-ventilator synchrony, reducing the work of breathing so patients remain comfortable and well ventilated. Features built-in wireless connectivity and works seamlessly with ResMed’s AirView™ patient monitoring software. December 2014 AirCurve 10 ASV An adaptive servo-ventilator specifically designed to treat patients exhibiting central sleep apnea (CSA), mixed sleep apnea and periodic breathing, with or without obstructive sleep apnea. The device also features built-in wireless connectivity. Features built-in wireless connectivity and works seamlessly with ResMed’s AirView™ patient monitoring software. December 2014 AirCurve 10 CS An adaptive servo-ventilator specifically designed to treat patients exhibiting central sleep apnea (CSA), mixed sleep apnea and periodic breathing, with or without obstructive sleep apnea. The device also features built-in wireless connectivity. Features built-in wireless connectivity and works seamlessly with ResMed’s AirView™ patient monitoring software. December 2014 AUTOSET PRODUCTS AirSense 10 Auto DESCRIPTION A premium auto-adjusting therapy device featuring AutoRamp™ with sleep onset detection, expiratory pressure relief (EPR™) and Easy-Breathe technology. The device also features built-in wireless connectivity. INTRODUCTION DATE August 2014 AirMini The world’s small est portable PAP device – this premium auto-adjusting therapy device features the same proven therapy modes used in the AirSense™ 10 Auto, AirMini also features built-in Bluetooth connectivity and effective waterless humidification enabled by HumidX technology. May 2017 VENTILATION PRODUCTS Astral 100 and 150 DESCRIPTION Pressure support and volume ventilator for invasive and non-invasive purposes so it can be used from the hospital to the home Activox Portable oxygen concentrator system. Lumis 100 and 150 Pressure support non-invasive ventilators that support a variety of therapy modes, built-in wireless connectivity, integrated humidification and intuitive simplicity. INTRODUCTION DATE May 2014 July 2014 April 2015 Lumis ST-A Pressure support non-invasive ventilators that support a variety of therapy modes, built-in wireless connectivity, integrated humidification and intuitive simplicity and a range of fixed and adjustable alarms. October 2015 Mobi ResMed-branded portable oxygen concentrator system April 2018 - 7 - Table of Contents PART I Mask Systems, Diagnostic Products, Accessories and Other Products RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 Masks, diagnostic products and accessories together accounted for approximatel y 37% , 38% and 37% of our net revenues in fiscal years 2019, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. Mask Systems Mask systems are one of the most important elements of SDB treatment systems. Masks are a primary determinant of patient comfort and as such may drive or impede patient compliance with therapy. We have been a consistent innovator in masks, improving patient comfort while minimizing size and weight. PRODUCTS AcuCare HFNC AirFit F20 The AcuCare high flow nasal cannula (HFNC) for high flow oxygen therapy. DESCRIPTION INTRODUCTION DATE August 2015 A compact full-face mask that features an InfinitySeal silicone cushion that adapts to the unique facial contours of each patient to increase comfort, improve fit and reduce leakage. November 2016 AirFit N20 A compact nasal mask that features an InfinitySeal silicone cushion that adapts to the unique facial contours of each patient to increase comfort, improve fit and reduce leakage. November 2016 AirTouch F20 A compact full-face mask that features a permeable foam cushion, which creates a uniquely natural, breathable seal that allows some excess heat and sweat to escape through the cushion without compromising therapy pressure. Modular frame design allows convenient interchangeability with AirFit™ 20 InfinitySeal™ cushion. May 2017 QuietAir A diffuser vent elbow which reduces noise and produces a gentler exhaled airflow that can be used with our AirFit F20 and AirTouch F20 full face masks. May 2018 AirFit F30 AirFit N30i AirFit P30i A full-face mask that features a minimal-contact cushion, which helps prevent top-of-the-nose red marks and irritation. A top-of-head connected nasal mask that keeps tubing out of the way and also features a cradle cushion designed to reduce facial markings and irritation. A top-of- head connected nasal pillows system that keeps tubing out of the way so users have flexibility to sleep better in any position . October 2018 January 2019 April 2019 Diagnostic Products We market sleep recorders for the diagnosis and titration of SDB in sleep clinics and hospitals. These diagnostic systems record relevant respiratory and sleep data, which can be analyzed by a sleep specialist or physician who can then tailor an appropriate OSA treatment regimen for the patient. PRODUCTS Apnealink Air A portable diagnostic device which measures oximetry, respiratory effort, pulse, nasal flow and snoring. Works with AirView Diagnostics and EasyCare Online to provide comprehensive diagnostic solution to clinicians. DESCRIPTION INTRODUCTION DATE December 2013 - 8 - Table of Contents PART I Connected Solutions and Other Products RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 To enhance patient comfort, convenience and compliance, we market a variety of other products and accessories. These products include humidifiers, designed to help prevent the drying of nasal passages that can cause discomfort, carry bags and breathing circuits. To assist those professionals diagnosing or managing the treatment of patients there are data communications and control products such as AirView Diagnostics, EasyCare, ResLink, ResControl, ResControl II, TxControl, ResScan and ResTraxx modules. With the introduction of our latest solutions we are expanding our use of cloud-based patient management and engagement platforms such as AirView enabling remote monitoring, over-the-air trouble shooting and changing of device settings, U-Sleep enabling automated patient coaching through a text, email or interactive voice phone call and myAir, a patient engagement application that provides sleep data and a daily score based on their previous night’s data. PRODUCTS AirView DESCRIPTION AirView is a seamless, cloud-based system enabling remote monitoring and changing of patients’ device settings. AirView also makes it easier to simplify workflows and collaborate more efficiently across the patient’s care network. INTRODUCTION DATE August 2014 myAir S+ A personalized therapy management application for patients with sleep-disordered breathing providing support, education and troubleshooting tools for increased patient engagement and improved compliance. October 2014 A personalized sleep solution that uses patented bio-motion sensors, designed to measure an individual's sleep stages and environment, and deliver personalized feedback that helps improve sleep. October 2014 Connectivity Module ResMed Connectivity Module (RCM) provides cellular connection between a compatible ResMed ventilation device and the ResMed AirView™ system. May 2016 Propeller Solutions Propeller is the leading digital health platform for chronic respiratory disease. Propeller's inhaler sensors track medication usage and pair with a companion smartphone app lication , giving people with asthma or COPD a better understanding of their disease and increasing adherence. The Propeller Provider Portal gives clinicians the timely and accurate information they need to make better treatment decisions. January 2019 S aaS Products Following multiple acquisition s , including Brightree LLC in April 2016 , HEALTHCAREfirst in July 2018 and MatrixCare in November 2018, we now supply out -of-hospital software products designed to support the professionals and caregivers helping people stay healthy in the home or care setting of their choice. SaaS revenue accounted for approximately 11% , 7% and 7% of our net revenue in fiscal year s 2019 , 2018 and 2017 , respectively. PRODUCTS Brightree Solutions DESCRIPTION Cloud-based software designed to improve clinical and business performance in the HME, home health, hospice, orthotic and prosthetic, HME pharmacy, home infusion and rehabilitation home care segments. Brightree’s solutions follow the natural workflow of providers to automate and improve how they manage their business and serve patients. INTRODUCTION DATE April 2016 HEALTHCARE- first Solutions MatrixCare Solutions HEALTHCAREfirst offers electronic health record (EHR) software, billing and coding services, and advanced analytics that enable home health and hospice agencies to optimize their clinical, financial and administrative processes. MatrixCare’s long-term care EHR system and solutions help skilled nursing and senior living providers, life plan communities (CCRCs), and home health and hospice organizations to prosper as we migrate to a fee-for-value healthcare system. July 2018 November 2018 Product Development and Clinical Trials We have a strong track record of innovation in the sleep and respiratory care markets. In 1989, we introduced our first CPAP device. Since then we have been committed to an ongoing program of product advancement and development. Currently, our product development and clinical trial efforts are focused on not only improving our current product offerings and usability , but also expanding into new product applications. We continually seek to identify new applications of our technology for significant unmet medical needs. SDB is associated with a number of symptoms beyond excessive daytime sleepiness and irritability. Studies have established a clinical association between untreated SDB and systemic hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease, stroke, atrial fibrillation, congestive heart failure, and mortality . - 9 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 Across the sleep and respiratory care platforms, we support clinical trials in many countries includ ing the United States, Germany, Netherlands, France, Japan, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, China, Spain, Canada, Singapore and Australia to develop new clinical applications for our technology. We have also begun presenting and publishing research findings based on the industry-leading connectivity platform and data assets that are unique to us. We continue to support some of the largest SDB studies in history by performing advanced statistical analyses on million s of clinical data points using real-world data . We consult with physicians at major medical centers throughout the world to identify clinical and technological trends in the treatment of SDB, COPD and the other conditions associated with these diseases. New product ideas are also identified by our marketing staff, direct sales force and network of distributors, customers, clinicians and patients. Sales and Marketing We currently market our products in more than 120 countries through a network of distributors and our direct sales force. We attempt to tailor our marketing approach to each national market, based on regional awareness of SDB as a health problem, physician referral patterns, consumer preferences and local reimbursement policies. See Note 15 – Segment Information of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Part II, Item 8) for financial information about our geographic areas. United States, Canada and Latin America. Our products are typically purchased by a home healthcare dealer who then sells the products to the patient. The decision to purchase our products, as opposed to those of our competitors, is made or influenced by one or more of the following individuals or organizations: the prescribing physician and his or her staff; the home healthcare dealer; the insurer and the patient. In the United States, Canada and Latin America, our sales and marketing activities are conducted through a field sales organization made up of regional territory representatives, program development specialists and regional sales directors. Our field sales organization markets and sells products to home healthcare dealer branch locations throughout the United States, Canada and Latin America. We also market our products directly to physicians and sleep clinics. Patients who are diagnosed with OSA or another respiratory condition and prescribed our products are typically referred by the diagnosing physician or sleep clinic to a home healthcare dealer to fill the prescription. The home healthcare dealer, in consultation with the referring physician, will assist the patient in selecting the equipment, fit the patient with the appropriate mask and set the device pressure to the prescribed level. Our SaaS solutions are sold to providers of healthcare in various out-of-hospital settings. We market and sell our Brightree business management software and service solutions to out-of- hospital providers in the U.S and our primary markets are home medical equipment, pharmacy, home infusion, orthotics and prosthetics. Our sales activities for Brightree products are conducted through a sales organization made up strategic account managers, sales engineers and sales directors. We develop , market and sell our MatrixCare care management and related ancillary solutions to U . S . -b ased out-of-hospital providers and our primary markets are senior living, skilled nursing; life plan communities; home health, home care, and hospice agencies as well as related accountable care organizations . Our MatrixCare management solutions are primarily sold through direct sales and ancillary solutions are sold both through direct sales and channel partners. Combined Europe, Asia and other markets. We market our products in most major countries in combined Europe, Asia and other markets. We have wholly-owned subsidiaries in Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom, Australia, China, India, Japan, Korea, New Zealand, and Taiwan. We use a combination of our direct sales force and independent distributors to sell our products in combined Europe, Asia and other markets. We select independent distributors in each country based on their knowledge of respiratory medicine and a commitment to SDB therapy. In countries where we sell our products direct, a local senior manager is responsible for direct national sales. In many countries we sell our products to home healthcare dealers or hospitals who then sell the products to the patients. In Germany, Australia and New Zealand, we also operate a home healthcare company, in which we provide products and services directly to patients. We do not sell our SaaS products in combined Europe, Asia and other markets. - 10 - Table of Contents PART I Manufacturing RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 We operate a globally distributed manufacturing network designed for supply chain resilience, and that is intended to control costs and minimize risks. Our manufacturing operations consist of specialist component production as well as assembly and testing of our devices, masks and accessories. Of the numerous raw materials, parts and components purchased for assembly of our therapeutic and diagnostic sleep disorder products, many are off-the-shelf items available from multiple vendors. We also purchase uniquely configured components from various suppliers, including some who are single-source suppliers for us. Any reduction or halt in supply from one of these single-source suppliers could limit our ability to manufacture our products or devices until a replacement supplier is found and qualified. We generally manufacture to our internal sales forecasts and fill orders as received. We strive for continuous improvement in manufacturing processes to deliver year-on-year improvement in output, cost and product quality. Each manufacturing site and team are responsible for the quality of their product group and decisions are based on performance and quality measures, including customer feedback. Our quality management system is based upon the requirements of ISO 9001, ISO 13485, FDA Quality System Regulations for Medical Devices, the Medical Device Directive (93/42/EEC) and other applicable regulations for the markets in which we sell. Our main manufacturing sites are certified to ISO 13485 and audited at regular intervals by a Notified Body. Additionally, our Sydney, Loyang, San Diego, Atlanta and Moreno Valley sites are certified under the Medical Device Single Audit Program or MDSAP, an audit of medical device manufacturers’ quality management system to satisfy multiple regulatory requirements. MDSAP audits are conducted by a MDSAP recognized auditing organization and can fulfill the needs of multiple regulatory jurisdictions (i.e. Australia, Brazil, Canada, Japan, and the United States of America). Our main manufacturing facilities are located in Sydney, Australia; Loyang, Singapore; Chatsworth, California; Johor Bahru, Malaysia; Atlanta, Georgia and Suzhou, China. Refer to Item 2 for additional details on these properties. Third-P arty Coverage and Reimbursement The cost of medical care in many of the countries in which we operate is funded in substantial part by government and private insurance programs. In Germany, we receive payments directly from these payors. Outside Germany, although we do not generally receive payments for our products directly from these payors, our success in major markets depends on the ability of patients to obtain coverage and adequate reimbursement from third-party payors for our products. In the United States, our products are purchased primarily by home healthcare dealers, hospitals or sleep clinics, who invoice third-party payors directly for reimbursement. Domestic third-party payors include government payors such as Medicare and Medicaid and commercial health insurance plans. These payors may deny coverage and reimbursement if they determine that a device is not used in accordance with certain covered treatment methods, or is experimental, unnecessary or inappropriate. The long-term trend towards cost-containment, through managed healthcare, or other legislative proposals to reform healthcare, could control or significantly influence the purchase of healthcare services and products and could result in lower prices for our products. In some foreign markets, such as France, Germany and Japan, government reimbursement is currently available for purchase or rental of our products, subject to constraints such as price controls or unit sales limitations. In Australia, China, and in some other foreign markets, there is currently limited or no reimbursement for devices that treat OSA. Healthcare reform in the United States continues to bring significant changes to the third-party payor landscape. I n 20 11 , the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, or CMS, implemented the competitive bidding program, which included home medical equipment, or HME , that we manufacture and develop, specifically, oxygen CPAP and respiratory assist devices, and related supplies and accessories. CMS is required by law to recompete these contracts at least once every three years. In addition, the 2010 Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act, or collectively, the ACA , required CMS to roll out the competitive bidding process nationally or adjust prices in non-competitive bidding areas, also known as the non-bid or Round 3 areas, to match competitive bidding prices by 2016. CMS phased in the new rates beginning January 1, 2016, and the rates became fully effective July 1, 2016. The implementation of the competitive acquisition program has resulted in reduced Medicare payment for oxygen CPAP and respiratory assist devices, and related supplies and accessories in both competitive bidding areas and non-competitive bidding areas. Through a n Interim Final Rule issued in May 2018, CMS increased the fee schedule amounts for certain DME in non-bid areas that qualify as rural and non-contiguous , setting payment for these areas for June 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018 at a 50/50 blended reimbursement rate based on the pre-competitive bidding reimbursement rate and the adjusted reimbursement rate set through competitive bidding. - 11 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 Due to the lapse of competitive bid contracts as of December 31, 2018, effective January 1, 2019, Medicare beneficiaries may receive durable medical equipment from any Medicare-enrolled supplier until new contracts are in effect under the next round of competitive bidding, which is expected to take effect on January 1, 2021. Pricing in competitive bidding areas and non-rural, contiguous non-bid areas will continue to use adjusted fee schedule amounts, subject to annual Consumer Price Index (CPI) adjustments, beginning in 2019, until the next bidding round takes place. CMS also extended the blended fee schedule amounts for non-bid rural and non-contiguous areas through December 31, 2020 . In the next round of Durable Medical Equipment, Prosthetics, Orthotics and Supplies (DMEPOS) competitive bidding program, expected to take effect on January 1, 2021, there have been some revisions to the bidding methodology including the plan to implement surety bond requirements, lead item pricing, and setting reimbursement rates at the maximum winning bid rate instead of the median winning bid rate. In addition, CMS has expanded the categories of devices subject to competitive bidding to include non-invasive ventilators, which have not previously been subject to competitive bidding. The ACA, which was passed both to expand the number of individuals with healthcare coverage and to develop additional revenue sources, also included, among other things, a deductible excise tax equal to 2.3% of the price for which medical devices are sold in the United States on any entity that manufactures or imports medical devices, with limited exceptions, beginning in 2013. However, this excise tax was subsequently suspended by the U.S. Congress for medical device sales during calendar years 2016 through 2019. If this excise tax had not been suspended it would be applicable to our products that are primarily used in hospitals and sleep labs, which includes the Apneal ink Air, VPAP Tx, and certain respiratory care and dental sleep products. Absent further Congressional action, this excise tax will be reinstated for medical device sales beginning January 1, 2020. The ACA also provided for a number of Medicare regulatory requirements, including new face-to-face encounter requirements for durable medical equipment and home health services. We cannot predict at this time the full impact that the ACA, or any U.S. legislation enacted in the future, will have on our revenues, profit margins, profitability, operating cash flows and results of operations. There have been judicial and Congressional challenges to certain aspects of the ACA, as well as recent efforts by the Trump administration to repeal or replace certain aspects of the ACA, and we expect such challenges and amendments to continue. For example, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 includes a provision repealing, effective January 1, 2019, the tax- based shared responsibility payment imposed by the ACA on certain individuals who fail to maintain qualifying health coverage for all or part of a year that is commonly referred to as the “individual mandate.” On December 14, 2018, a U.S. District Court Judge in the Northern District of Texas, or Texas District Court Judge, ruled that the individual mandate is a critical and inseverable feature of the ACA, and therefore, because it was repealed as part of the U.S. Tax Act, the remaining provisions of the ACA are invalid as well. While the Texas District Court Judge, as well as the Trump Administration and CMS, have stated that the ruling will have no immediate effect, it is unclear how this decision, subsequent appeals, will impact the ACA. Further, the administration and the U.S. Congress may take further action regarding the ACA, including, but not limited to, repeal or replacement. Additionally, all or a portion of the ACA and related subsequent legislation may be modified, repealed or otherwise invalidated through other judicial challenge. Service and Warranty We generally offer either one-year or two-year limited warranties on our devices. In some regions and for certain customers we also offer extended warranties on our devices for one to three years in addition to our limited warranty. Warranties on mask systems are for 90 days. Our distributors either repair our products with parts supplied by us or arrange shipment of products to our facilities for repair or replacement. We receive returns of our products from the field for various reasons. We believe that the level of returns experienced to date is consistent with levels typically experienced by manufacturers of similar devices. We provide for warranties and returns based on historical data. Competition The markets for our products are highly competitive. We believe that the principal competitive factors in all of our markets are product features, value-added solutions, reliability and price. Customer support, reputation and efficient distribution are also important factors. - 12 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 We compete on a market-by-market basis with various companies, some of which have greater financial, research, manufacturing and marketing resources than us. Our primary competitors include Philips BV; Fisher & Paykel Healthcare Corporation Limited; DeVilbiss Healthcare; Apex Medical Corporation; BMC Medical Co. Ltd.; and regional manufacturers. The disparity between our resources and those of our competitors may increase as a result of the trend towards consolidation in the healthcare industry. In addition, some of our competitors, such as Löwenstein Medical GmbH + Co. KG, are affiliates of customers of ours, which may make it difficult to compete with them. Finally, our products compete with surgical procedures , nerve stimulation devices and dental appliances designed to treat OSA and other SDB-related respiratory conditions. The development of new or innovative procedures or devices by others could result in our products becoming obsolete or noncompetitive, which would harm our revenues and financial condition. Any product developed by us that gains regulatory clearance will have to compete for market acceptance and market share. An important factor in such competition may be the timing of market introduction of competitive products. Accordingly, the speed with which we can develop products, complete clinical testing and regulatory clearance processes and supply commercial quantities of the product to the market are important competitive factors. In addition, our ability to compete will continue to be dependent on successfully protecting our patents and other intellectual property. Patents and Proprietary Rights and Related Litigation We rely on a combination of patents, designs, trademarks, trade secrets, copyrights, and non-disclosure agreements to protect our proprietary technology and rights. Some of these patents, patent applications and designs relate to significant aspects and features of our products. We believe the combination of these rights, in aggregate, are of material importance to each of our businesses. Through our various subsidiaries, as of the date of this report, we own or have licensed rights to over 5,700 pending, allowed or granted patents and designs. Patents and d esigns have various statutory terms based on the legislation in individual jurisdictions which may be subject to change. Of our patents, 259 U.S. patents and 705 foreign patents are due to expire in the next five years. We believe that the expiration of these patents will not have a material adverse impact on our competitive position. Litigation has been necessary in the past and may be necessary in the future to enforce patents issued to us, to protect our rights, or to defend third-party claims of infringement by us of the proprietary rights of others. The defense and prosecution of patent claims, including pending claims, as well as participation in other inter-party proceedings, can be expensive and time-consuming, even in those instances in which the outcome is favorable to us. Patent laws regarding the enforceability of patents vary from country to country. Therefore, there can be no assurance that patent issues will be uniformly resolved, or that local laws will provide us with consistent rights and benefits. Government Regulations FDA Our products are subject to extensive regulation particularly as to safety, efficacy and adherence to FDA Quality System Regulation, and related manufacturing standards. Medical device products are subject to rigorous FDA and other governmental agency regulations in the United States and similar regulations of foreign agencies abroad. The FDA regulates the design, development, research, preclinical and clinical testing, introduction, manufacture, advertising, labeling, packaging, marketing, distribution, import and export, and record keeping for such products, in order to ensure that medical products distributed in the United States are safe and effective for their intended use. In addition, the FDA is authorized to establish special controls to provide reasonable assurance of the safety and effectiveness of most devices. Non-compliance with applicable requirements can result in import detentions, fines, civil and administrative penalties, injunctions, suspensions or losses of regulatory approvals, recall or seizure of products, operating restrictions, refusal of the government to approve product export applications or allow us to enter into supply contracts, and criminal prosecution. Unless an exemption applies, the FDA requires that a manufacturer introducing a new medical device or a new indication for use of an existing medical device obtain either a Section 510(k) premarket notification clearance or a premarket approval, or PMA, before introducing it into the U.S. market. The type of marketing authorization is generally linked to the classification of the device. The FDA classifies medical devices into one of three classes (Class I, II or III) based on the degree of risk the FDA determines to be associated with a device and the level of regulatory control deemed necessary to ensure the device’s safety and effectiveness. - 13 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 Our products currently marketed in the United States are marketed pursuant to 510(k) pre-marketing clearances and are either Class I or Class II devices. The process of obtaining a Section 510(k) clearance generally requires the submission of performance data and often clinical data, which in some cases can be extensive, to demonstrate that the device is “substantially equivalent” to a device that was on the market before 1976 or to a device that has been found by the FDA to be “substantially equivalent” to such a pre-1976 device, a predecessor device is referred to as “predicate device.” As a result, FDA clearance requirements may extend the development process for a considerable length of time. In addition, in some cases, the FDA may require additional review by an advisory panel, which can further lengthen the process. The PMA process, which is reserved for new devices that are not substantially equivalent to any predicate device and for high-risk devices or those that are used to support or sustain human life, may take several years and requires the submission of extensive performance and clinical information. Medical devices can be marketed only for the indications for which they are cleared or approved. After a device has received 510(k) clearance for a specific intended use, any change or modification that significantly affects its safety or effectiveness, such as a significant change in the design, materials, method of manufacture or intended use, may require a new 510(k) clearance or PMA approval and payment of an FDA user fee. The determination as to whether or not a modification could significantly affect the device’s safety or effectiveness is initially left to the manufacturer using available FDA guidance; however, the FDA may review this determination to evaluate the regulatory status of the modified product at any time and may require the manufacturer to cease marketing and recall the modified device until 510(k) clearance or PMA approval is obtained. The manufacturer may also be subject to significant regulatory fines or penalties. The FDA recently reviewed its guidance describing when it believes a manufacturer is obligated to submit a new 510(k) for modifications or changes to a previously cleared device and determined that manufacturers should continue adhering to the 1997 guidance on this topic. In October 2017, the FDA issued guidance that it believes preserves the basic content and format of the 1997 guidance, with updates to add clarity. Any devices we manufacture and distribute pursuant to clearance or approval by the FDA are subject to pervasive and continuing regulation by the FDA and certain state agencies. These include product listing and establishment registration requirements, which help facilitate FDA inspections and other regulatory actions. As a medical device manufacturer, all of our manufacturing facilities are subject to inspection on a routine basis by the FDA. We are required to adhere to applicable regulations setting forth detailed cGMP requirements, as set forth in the QSR, which require, manufacturers, including third-party manufacturers, to follow stringent design, testing, control, documentation and other quality assurance procedures during all phases of the design and manufacturing process. Noncompliance with these standards can result in, among other things, fines, injunctions, civil penalties, recalls or seizures of products, total or partial suspension of production, refusal of the government to grant 510(k) clearance or PMA approval of devices, withdrawal of marketing approvals and criminal prosecutions. We believe that our design, manufacturing and quality control procedures are in compliance with the FDA’s regulatory requirements. We must also comply with post-market surveillance regulations, including medical device reporting, or MDR, requirements which require that we review and report to the FDA any incident in which our products may have caused or contributed to a death or serious injury. We must also report any incident in which our product has malfunctioned if that malfunction would likely cause or contribute to a death or serious injury if it were to recur. Labeling and promotional activities are subject to scrutiny by the FDA and, in certain circumstances, by the Federal Trade Commission. Medical devices approved or cleared by the FDA may not be promoted for unapproved or uncleared uses, otherwise known as “off-label” promotion. The FDA and other agencies actively enforce the laws and regulations prohibiting the promotion of off-label uses, and a company that is found to have improperly promoted off-label uses may be subject to significant liability, including substantial monetary penalties and criminal prosecution. Sales of medical devices outside the United States are subject to regulatory requirements that vary widely from country to country. - 14 - Table of Contents PART I EEA RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 In the European Economic Area, (which is comprised of the 28 Member States of the European Union plus Norway, Iceland and Liechtenstein), or EEA, manufacturers of medical devices need to comply with the Essential Requirements laid out in Annex I to the EU Medical Devices Directive (Council Directive 93/42/EEC). Compliance with these requirements is a prerequisite to be able to affix the CE mark to medical devices, without which they cannot be marketed or sold in the EEA. To demonstrate compliance with the Essential Requirements and obtain the right to affix the CE Mark, manufacturers of medical devices must undergo a conformity assessment procedure, which varies according to the type of medical device and its classification. Except for low-risk medical devices (Class I with no measuring function and which are not sterile), where the manufacturer can issue an EC Declaration of Conformity based on a self-assessment of the conformity of its products with the Essential Requirements, a conformity assessment procedure requires the intervention of a Notified Body, which is an organization designated by a competent authority of an EEA country to conduct conformity assessments. Depending on the relevant conformity assessment procedure, the Notified Body would audit and examine the Technical File and the quality system for the manufacture, design and final inspection of the devices. The Notified Body issues a CE Certificate of Conformity following successful completion of a conformity assessment procedure conducted in relation to the medical device and its manufacturer and their conformity with the Essential Requirements. This Certificate entitles the manufacturer to affix the CE mark to its medical devices after having prepared and signed a related EC Declaration of Conformity. As a general rule, demonstration of conformity of medical devices and their manufacturers with the essential requirements must be based, among other things, on the evaluation of clinical data supporting the safety and performance of the products during normal conditions of use. Specifically, a manufacturer must demonstrate that the device achieves its intended performance during normal conditions of use, that the known and foreseeable risks, and any adverse events, are minimized and acceptable when weighed against the benefits of its intended performance, and that any claims made about the performance and safety of the device are supported by suitable evidence. All manufacturers placing medical devices into the market in the EEA must comply with the EU Medical Device Vigilance System. Under this system, incidents must be reported to the relevant authorities of the Member States of the EEA, and manufacturers are required to take Field Safety Corrective Actions, or FSCAs, to reduce a risk of death or serious deterioration in the state of health associated with the use of a medical device that is already placed on the market. An incident is defined as any malfunction or deterioration in the characteristics and/or performance of a device, as well as any inadequacy in the labeling or the instructions for use which, directly or indirectly, might lead to or might have led to the death of a patient or user or of other persons or to a serious deterioration in their state of health. An FSCA may include the recall, modification, exchange, destruction or retrofitting of the device. FSCAs must be communicated by the manufacturer or its legal representative to its customers and/or to the end users of the device through Field Safety Notices. Where appropriate, our products commercialized in Europe are CE marked and classified as either Class I or Class II. On April 5, 2017, the European Parliament passed the Medical Devices Regulation, which repeals and replaces the EU Medical Devices Directive. Unlike directives, which must be implemented into the national laws of the EEA member States, the regulations would be directly applicable (i.e., without the need for adoption of EEA member State laws implementing them) in all EEA member States and are intended to eliminate current differences in the regulation of medical devices among EEA member States. The Medical Devices Regulation, among other things, is intended to establish a uniform, transparent, predictable and sustainable regulatory framework across the EEA for medical devices and in vitro diagnostic devices and ensure a high level of safety and health while supporting innovation. The Medical Devices Regulation will however only become applicable three years after publication in May 2020. Once applicable, the new regulations will among other things: · · · · · s trengthen the rules on placing devices on the market and reinforce surveillance once they are available; e stablish explicit provisions on manufacturers' responsibilities for the follow-up of the quality, performance and safety of devices placed on the market; i mprove the traceability of medical devices throughout the supply chain to the end-user or patient through a unique identification number; s et up a central database to provide patients, healthcare professionals and the public with comprehensive information on products available in the EU; and s trengthen rules for the assessment of certain high-risk devices, such as implants, which may have to undergo an additional check by experts before they are placed on the market. - 15 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 These modifications may have an impact on the way we design and manufacture products and the way we conduct our business in the EEA. We are progressing in our plans to meet the new requirements. Other regulatory bodies Our devices are sold in multiple countries and often need to be registered with local regulatory bodies such as the Therapeutic Goods Administration in Australia, Health Canada in Canada and CFDA in China. Other Healthcare Laws We are subject to a number of laws and regulations that may restrict our business practices, including, without limitation, anti-kickback, false claims, physician payment transparency and data privacy and security laws. The government has interpreted these laws broadly to apply to the marketing and sales activities of manufacturers and distributors like us. The federal Anti-Kickback Statute prohibits, among other things, persons or entities from knowingly and willfully soliciting, receiving, offering or providing remuneration, directly or indirectly, in cash or in kind, in exchange for or to induce either the referral of an individual for, or the purchase, lease, order or recommendation of, any good, facility, item or service for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under federal healthcare programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. In addition, a claim including items or services resulting from a violation of the federal Anti-Kickback Statute constitutes a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the federal civil False Claims Act. Violations of the federal Anti-Kickback Statute may result in civil monetary penalties up to $ 100,000 for each violation, plus up to three times the remuneration involved. Violations of the Federal Anti-Kickback Statute can also result in criminal penalties, including criminal fines of up to $100,000 and imprisonment of up to 10 years. In addition, violations can result in exclusion from participation in government healthcare programs, including Medicare and Medicaid. The federal civil False Claims Act prohibits, among other things, any person or entity from knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, a false or fraudulent claim for payment or approval to the federal government or knowingly making, using or causing to be made or used a false record or statement material to a false or fraudulent claim to the federal government. A claim includes “any request or demand” for money or property presented to the U.S. government. The civil False Claims Act also applies to false submissions that cause the government to be paid less than the amount to which it is entitled, such as a rebate. Intent to deceive is not required to establish liability under the civil False Claims Act. When an entity is determined to have violated the federal civil False Claims Act, the government may impose civil fines and penalties ranging from $11, 463 to $22, 927 for each false claim, plus treble damages, and exclude the entity from participation in Medicare, Medicaid and other federal healthcare programs. Private suits filed under the civil False Claims Act, known as qui tam actions, can be brought by individuals on behalf of the government. These individuals may share in any amounts paid by the entity to the government in fines or settlement. The federal Civil Monetary Penalties Law prohibits, among other things, the offering or transfer of remuneration to a Medicare or state healthcare program beneficiary if the person knows or should know it is likely to influence the beneficiary’s selection of a particular provider, practitioner, or supplier of services reimbursable by Medicare or a state healthcare program, unless an exception applies. The federal Physician Sunshine Act, which requires certain manufacturers of drugs, biologicals, and medical devices or supplies that require premarket approval by or notification to the FDA, and for which payment is available under Medicare, Medicaid or the Children’s Health Insurance Program, to report annually to the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or CMS, information related to (i) payments and other transfers of value to physicians , physician assistants, nurse practitioners, other practitioners, and teaching hospitals, and (ii) ownership and investment interests held by physicians and their immediate family members. Applicable manufacturers are required to submit annual reports to CMS. Failure to submit required information may result in civil monetary penalties of $11, 278 per failure up to an aggregate of $16 9,170 per year (or up to an aggregate of $1. 128 million per year for “knowing failures”), for all payments, transfers of value or ownership or investment interests that are not timely, accurately, and completely reported in an annual submission, and may result in liability under other federal laws or regulations. Certain states also mandate implementation of commercial compliance programs, impose restrictions on device manufacturer marketing practices and/or require the tracking and reporting of gifts, compensation and other remuneration to healthcare professionals and entities. The federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, or HIPAA, created federal criminal statutes that prohibit among other actions, knowingly and willfully executing, or attempting to execute, a scheme to defraud any healthcare benefit program, including private third-party payors, knowingly and willfully embezzling or stealing from a healthcare benefit program, willfully obstructing a criminal investigation of a healthcare offense, and knowingly and willfully falsifying, concealing or covering up a material fact or making any materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statement in connection with the delivery of or payment for healthcare benefits, items or services. Like the Anti- Kickback Statute, a person or entity does not need to have actual knowledge of these statutes or specific intent to violate them in order to have committed a violation. - 16 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 Also, many U.S. states and countries outside the U.S. have similar fraud and abuse statutes or regulations that may be broader in scope and may apply regardless of payor, in addition to items and services reimbursed under government programs. Under HIPAA, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009, or HITECH, which we collectively refer to as HIPAA, the Department of Health and Human Services, or HHS, has issued regulations , including the HIPAA Privacy, Security and Breach Notification Rules, to protect the privacy and security of protected health information , or PHI, used or disclosed by covered entities including health care providers and their business associates . HIPAA also regulates standardization of data content, codes and formats used in health care transactions and standardization of identifiers for health plans and providers. Penalties for violations of HIPAA regulations include civil and criminal penalties of up to $57,051 per violation, not to exceed $1.7 million per calendar year for non-compliance of an identical provision . In addition to federal privacy and security regulations, there are a number of state laws governing confidentiality and security of health information that are applicable to our business. New laws governing privacy may be adopted in the future as well. In some of our operations, such as those involving our cloud-based software digital health applications, we are a business associate under HIPAA and therefore required to comply with the HIPAA Security Rule, Breach Notification Rule and certain provisions of the HIPAA Privacy Rule, and are subject to significant civil and criminal penalties for failure to do so. In addition, as of May 25, 2018, the General Data Protection Regulation, or GDPR, has replaced the Data Protection Directive with respect to the processing of personal data in the European Area, or EEA . The GDPR imposes several stringent requirements for controllers and processors of personal data, including, for example, higher standards for obtaining consent from individuals to process their personal data, more robust disclosures to individuals and a strengthened individual data rights regime, shortened timelines for data breach notifications, limitations on retention and secondary use of information (including for research purposes) , increased requirements pertaining to health data and pseudonymised (i.e., key-coded) data and additional obligations when we contract third party processors in connection with the processing of the personal data. The GDPR also imposes strict rules on the transfer of personal data out of the EEA, including to the United States, and could be impacted by changes in law as a result of a future review of these transfer mechanisms by European regulators under the GDPR, as well as current challenges to these mechanisms in the European courts. European data protection law provides that EEA member states may make their own further laws and regulations limiting the processing of genetic, biometric or health data, which could limit our ability to use and share personal data or could cause our costs could increase, and harm our business and financial condition. The GDPR and other similar regulations impose additional conditions in order to satisfy such consent for electronic marketing, such as a prohibition on pre-checked tick boxes and bundled consents, thereby requiring customers to affirmatively consent for a given purpose through separate tick boxes or other affirmative action. Failure to comply with the requirements of GDPR and the applicable national data protection and marketing laws of the EEA member states may result in fines of up to €20,000,000 or up to 4% of the total worldwide annual turnover of the preceding financial year, whichever is higher, and other administrative penalties as well as individual claims for compensation . To comply with the new data protection rules imposed by GDPR we may be required to put in place additional mechanisms ensuring compliance. This may be onerous and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. In addition, Brexit could also lead to further legislative and regulatory changes by the planned exit date of October 2019. It remains unclear how the United Kingdom data protection laws or regulations will develop in the medium to longer term and how data transfer to the United Kingdom from the European Union will be regulated, especially if the United Kingdom leaves the European Union without a deal. However, the United Kingdom has transposed the GDPR into domestic law with the Data Protection Act 2018 which will remain in force, even if and when the United Kingdom leaves the EU. Numerous other state, federal and foreign laws, including consumer protection laws and regulations, govern the collection, dissemination, use, access to, confidentiality and security of patient health information. In addition, Congress and some states are considering new laws and regulations that further protect the privacy and security of medical records or medical information. With the recent increase in publicity regarding data breaches resulting in improper dissemination of consumer information, many states have passed laws regulating the actions that a business must take if it experiences a data breach, such as prompt disclosure to affected customers. Generally, these laws are limited to electronic data and make some exemptions for smaller breaches. Congress has also been considering similar federal legislation relating to data breaches. The Federal Trade Commission, or FTC, and states’ Attorneys General have also brought enforcement actions and prosecuted some data breach cases as unfair and/or deceptive acts or practices under the FTC Act. In addition to data breach notification laws, some states have enacted statutes and rules requiring businesses to reasonably protect certain types of personal information they hold or to otherwise comply with certain specified data security requirements for personal information. These laws may apply directly to our business or indirectly by contract when we provide services to other companies. We intend to continue to comprehensively protect all personal information and to comply with all applicable laws regarding the protection of such information. - 17 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1 Additionally, there has been a recent trend of increased federal and state regulation of payments and transfers of value provided to healthcare professionals or entities. The shifting commercial compliance environment and the need to build and maintain robust systems to comply with different compliance or reporting requirements in multiple jurisdictions increase the possibility that a healthcare company may fail to comply fully with one or more of these requirements. If our operations are found to be in violation of any of the health regulatory laws described above or any other laws that apply to us, we may be subject to penalties, including potentially significant criminal and civil and administrative penalties, damages, fines, disgorgement, imprisonment, exclusion from participation in government healthcare programs, contractual damages, reputational harm, administrative burdens, diminished profits and future earnings, and the curtailment or restructuring of our operations, any of which could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our results of operations. Employees As of June 30, 2019 , we had approximately 7,240 employees or full-time consultants, of which approximately 2,930 were employed in cost of sales activities including areas such as warehousing and manufacturing, 1,200 in research and development and 3,110 in sales, marketing and administration. Of our employees and consultants, approximately 2,810 were located in the U nited States , Canada and Latin America, 1,430 in Australia, 1,250 in Europe and 1,750 in Asia. We believe that the success of our business will depend, in part, on our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel. - 18 - Table of Contents PART I ITEM 1A RISK FACTORS RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1A Before deciding to purchase, hold or sell our common stock, you should carefully consider the risks described below in addition to the other cautionary statements and risks described elsewhere, and the other information contained, in this Report and in our other filings with the SEC, including our subsequent reports on Forms 10-Q and 8-K. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business. If any of these known or unknown risks or uncertainties actually occurs with material adverse effects on us, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be seriously harmed. In that event, the market price for our common stock will likely decline, and you may lose all or part of your investment. Our inability to compete successfully in our markets may harm our business. The markets for our products are highly competitive and are characterized by frequent product improvements and evolving technology. Our ability to compete successfully depends, in part, on our ability to develop, manufacture and market innovative new products. The development of innovative new products by our competitors or the discovery of alternative treatments or potential cures for the conditions that our products treat could make our products noncompetitive or obsolete. Current competitors, new entrants, academics, and others are trying to develop new devices, alternative treatments or cures, and pharmaceutical solutions to the conditions our products treat. Additionally, some of our competitors have greater financial, research and development, manufacturing and marketing resources than we do. The past several years have seen a trend towards consolidation in the healthcare industry and in the markets for our products. Industry consolidation could result in greater competition if our competitors combine their resources, if our competitors are acquired by other companies with greater resources than ours, or if our competitors become affiliated with customers of ours. This competition could increase pressure on us to reduce the selling prices of our products or could cause us to increase our spending on research and development and sales and marketing. If we are unable to develop innovative new products, maintain competitive pricing, and offer products that consumers perceive to be as good as those of our competitors, our sales or gross margins could decrease which would harm our business. Our business depends on our ability to market effectively to dealers of home healthcare products and sleep clinics. We market our products primarily to home healthcare dealers and to sleep clinics that diagnose OSA and other sleep disorders, as well as to non-sleep specialist physician practices that diagnose and treat sleep disorders. We believe that these groups play a significant role in determining which brand of product a patient will use. The success of our business depends on our ability to market effectively to these groups to ensure that our products are properly marketed and sold by these third-parties. We have limited resources to market to the sleep clinics, home healthcare dealer branch locations and to the non-sleep specialists, most of whom use, sell or recommend several brands of products. In addition, home healthcare dealers have experienced price pressures as government and third-party reimbursement has declined for home healthcare products, and home healthcare dealers are requiring price discounts and longer periods of time to pay for products purchased from us. We cannot assure you that physicians will continue to prescribe our products, or that home healthcare dealers or patients will not substitute competing products when a prescription specifying our products has been written. We have expanded our marketing activities in some markets to target the population with a predisposition to sleep-disordered breathing as well as primary care physicians and various medical specialists. We cannot assure you that these marketing efforts will be successful in increasing awareness or sales of our products. Consolidation in the health care industry could have an adverse effect on our revenues and results of operations. Many home health care dealers are consolidating, which may result in greater concentration of market power. As the health care industry consolidates, competition to provide goods and services to industry participants may become more intense. These industry participants may try to use their market power to negotiate price concessions or reductions for medical devices and components produced by us. If we are forced to reduce our prices because of consolidation in the health care industry, our revenues may decrease and our consolidated earnings, financial condition, and/or cash flows may suffer. If we are unable to support our continued growth, our business could suffer. As we continue to grow, the complexity of our operations increases, placing greater demands on our management. Our ability to manage our growth effectively depends on our ability to implement and improve our financial and management information systems on a timely basis and to effect other changes in our business including, the ability to monitor and improve manufacturing systems, information technology, and quality and regulatory compliance systems, among others. Unexpected difficulties during expansion, the failure to attract and retain qualified employees, the failure to successfully replace or upgrade our management information systems, the failure to manage costs or our inability to respond effectively to growth or plan for future expansion could cause our growth to stop. If we fail to manage our growth effectively and efficiently, our costs could increase faster than our revenues and our business results could suffer. - 19 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1A If we fail to integrate our acquisitions with our operations, our business could suffer. Part of our growth strategy includes acquiring businesses consistent with our commitment to innovation in developing products for the diagnosis and treatment of SDB and respiratory care as well as our SaaS business. For example, we acquired MatrixCare in November 2018 and Propeller Health in January 2019. The success of our acquisitions, including MatrixCare, will depend, in part, on our ability to successfully integrate the business and operations of the acquired companies . Additionally, our management may have their attention diverted while trying to integrate these businesses. If we are not able to successfully integrate the operations, we may not realize the anticipated benefits of the acquisitions fully or at all, or may take longer to realize than expected. We have made certain assumptions relating to our recent acquisitions that may prove to be materially inaccurate. We have made certain assumptions relating to our recent acquisitions, including MatrixCare, such as: · · · · projections of each acquired company’s future revenue ; the amount of goodwill and intangibles that will result from our acquisitions; acquisition costs, including transaction, contingent consideration and integration costs ; and other financial and strategic rationales and risks of the acquisitions . While management has made such assumptions in good faith and believes them to be reasonable, the assumptions may turn out to be materially inaccurate, including for reasons beyond our control. If these assumptions are incorrect we may change or modify our assumptions, and such change or modification could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations. We are subject to various risks relating to international activities that could affect our overall profitability. We manufacture substantially all of our products outside the United States and sell a significant portion of our products in non-U.S. markets. Sales in combined Europe, Asia and other markets accounted for approximately 35% and 38% of our net revenues in the years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 respectively. We expect that sales within these areas will account for approximately 35% of our net revenues in the foreseeable future. Our sales and operations outside of the U.S. are subject to several difficulties and risks that are separate and distinct from those we face in the U.S., including: · · · · · · · · · fluctuations in currency exchange rates; tariffs and other trade barriers; compliance with foreign medical device manufacturing regulations; difficulty in enforcing agreements and collecting receivables through foreign legal systems; reduction in third-party payor reimbursement for our products; inability to obtain import licenses; changes in trade policies and in U.S. and foreign tax policies; possible changes in export or import restrictions; and the modification or introduction of other governmental policies with potentially adverse effects. Any of the above factors may have a material adverse effect on our ability to increase or maintain our non-U.S. sales. Government and private insurance plans may not adequately reimburse our customers for our products, which could result in reductions in sales or selling prices for our products. Our ability to sell our products depends in large part on the extent to which coverage and adequate reimbursement for our products will be available from government health administration authorities, private health insurers and other organizations. These third-party payers are increasingly challenging the prices charged for medical products and services and can, without notice, deny coverage for our products or treatments that may include the use of our products. Therefore, even if a product is approved for marketing, we cannot make assurances that coverage and reimbursement will be available for the product, that the reimbursement amount will be adequate or that the reimbursement amount, even if initially adequate, will not be subsequently reduced. For example, in some markets, such as Spain, France and Germany, government coverage and reimbursement are currently available for the purchase or rental of our products but are subject to constraints such as price controls or unit sales limitations. In other markets, such as Australia, there is currently limited or no reimbursement for devices that treat SDB conditions. As we continue to develop new products, those products will generally not qualify for coverage and reimbursement until they are approved for marketing, if at all. - 20 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1A In the United States, we sell our products primarily to home healthcare dealers, hospitals and sleep clinics. Reductions in reimbursement to our customers by third-party payers, if they occur, may have a material impact on our customers and, therefore, may indirectly affect our pricing and sales to, or the collectability of receivables we have from, those customers. A development negatively affecting reimbursement stems from the Medicare competitive bidding program mandated by the MMA. Under the program, our customers who provide home medical equipment must compete to offer products in designated competitive bidding areas, or CBAs. In addition, under the ACA, in 2016, CMS adjusted the prices in non-competitive bidding areas to match competitive bidding prices. CMS phased in the new rates beginning January 1, 2016, and were fully effective July 1, 2016. This program has significantly reduced the Medicare reimbursement to our customers compared with reimbursement in 2011, at the beginning of the program. The 21st Century Cures Act retroactively adjusted rates in non-bid areas to allow for the higher phase-in rates to be paid for items furnished between July 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016, rather than the lower fully-adjusted rates. Rules issued by CMS in 2018 resumed the higher phase-in rates in rural and non-contiguous non-competitive bidding areas for items furnished between June 1, 2018 and December 31, 2020. On March 7, 2019, CMS announced it would initiate a new round of competitive bidding, named Round 2021, with contracts expected to become effective on January 1, 2021, and extend through December 31, 2023. In addition to adopting new bidding processes, CMS expanded the product categories included in competitive bidding to include non-invasive ventilators, in addition to oxygen. CPAP, and respiratory assist devices, and related supplies and accessories, which had been included in prior rounds of competitive bidding. We cannot predict at this time the full impact the competitive bidding program and the developments in the competitive bidding program will have on our business and financial condition. If changes are made to this program in the future, it could affect amounts being recovered by our customers. Healthcare reform may have a material adverse effect on our industry and our results of operations. In March 2010, the ACA was signed into law in the United States. The ACA made changes that significantly impacted the healthcare industry, including medical device manufacturers . One of the principal purposes of the ACA was to expand health insurance coverage to millions of Americans who were uninsured. The ACA required adults not covered by an employer or government-sponsored insurance plan to maintain health insurance coverage or pay a penalty, a provision commonly referred to as the individual mandate. The ACA also contained a number of provisions designed to generate the revenues necessary to fund the coverage expansions. This included new fees or taxes on certain health-related industries, including medical device manufacturers. Beginning in 2013, entities that manufacture, produce or import medical devices were required to pay an excise tax in an amount equal to 2.3% of the price for which such devices are sold in the United States. This excise tax is applicable to our products that are primarily used in hospitals and sleep labs, which includes the ApneaLink, VPAP Tx, certain Respiratory Care and dental sleep products. Through a series of legislative amendments, the tax was suspended for 2016 through 2019 , but is scheduled to return beginning in 2020, absent further Congressional action. In addition to the competitive bidding changes discussed above, the ACA also included, among other things, demonstrations to develop organizations that are paid under a new payment methodology for voluntary coordination of care by groups of providers, such as physicians and hospitals, and the establishment of a new Patient- Centered Outcomes Research Institute to oversee, identify priorities in and conduct comparative clinical effectiveness research. The increased funding and focus on comparative clinical effectiveness research, which compares and evaluates the risks and benefits, clinical outcomes, effectiveness and appropriateness of products, may result in lower reimbursements by payors for our products and decreased profits to us. Other federal legislative changes have been proposed and adopted since the ACA was enacted. These changes included an aggregate reduction in Medicare payments to providers of 2% per fiscal year, which went into effect on April 1, 2013 and will remain in effect through 2027 unless additional Congressional action is taken. On January 2, 2013, the American Taxpayer Relief Act of 2012, was signed into law, which, among other things, further reduced Medicare payments to several providers, including hospitals, and increased the statute of limitations period for the government to recover overpayments to providers from three to five years. The full impact on our business of the ACA and other new laws is uncertain. Nor is it clear whether other legislative changes will be adopted, if any, or how such changes would affect the demand for our products. Future actions by the administration and the U.S. Congress including, but not limited to, repeal or replacement of the ACA could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations or financial condition. Additionally, all or a portion of the ACA and related subsequent legislation may be modified, repealed or otherwise invalidated through other judicial challenge. For example, on December 14, 2018, a U.S. District Court Judge in the Northern District of Texas, or Texas District Court Judge, ruled that the individual mandate is a critical and inseverable feature of the ACA, and therefore, because it was repealed as part of the U.S. Tax Act, the remaining provisions of the ACA are invalid as well. While the Texas District Court Judge, as well as the Trump Administration and CMS, have stated that the ruling will have no immediate effect, it is unclear how this decision, subsequent appeals, and other efforts to repeal and replace the ACA will impact the ACA and our business. - 21 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1A Various healthcare reform proposals have also emerged at the state level within the United States. The ACA as well as other federal and/or state healthcare reform measures that may be adopted in the future, singularly or in the aggregate, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Failure to comply with anti-kickback and fraud regulations could result in substantial penalties and changes in our business operations. Although in the United States we do not provide healthcare services, submit claims for third-party reimbursement, or receive payments directly from Medicare, Medicaid or other third-party payors for our products, we are subject to healthcare fraud and abuse regulation and enforcement by federal, state and foreign governments, which could significantly impact our business. We also are subject to foreign fraud and abuse laws, which vary by country. In the United States, the laws that may affect our ability to operate include, but are not limited to: · · · · · · the federal Anti-Kickback Statute, which prohibits, among other things, persons and entities from knowingly and willfully soliciting, receiving, offering, or paying remuneration, directly or indirectly, in cash or in kind, in exchange for or to induce either the referral of an individual for, or the purchase, lease, order or recommendation of, any good, facility, item or service for which payment may be made, in whole or in part, under federal healthcare programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. A person or entity does not need to have actual knowledge of this statute or specific intent to violate the Anti-Kickback statute itself to have committed a violation. The U.S. government has interpreted this law broadly to apply to the marketing and sales activities of manufacturers and distributors like us. Violations of the federal Anti-Kickback Statute may result in civil monetary penalties up to $100,000 for each violation, plus up to three times the remuneration involved. Violations of the Federal Anti-Kickback Statute can also result in criminal penalties, including criminal fines of up to $100,000 and imprisonment of up to 10 years. In addition, violations can result in exclusion from participation in government healthcare programs, including Medicare and Medicaid; federal civil and criminal false claims laws and civil monetary penalty laws, that prohibit, among other things, knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, claims for payment or approval to the federal government that are false or fraudulent, knowingly making a false statement material to an obligation to pay or transmit money or property to the federal government or knowingly concealing or knowingly and improperly avoiding or decreasing an obligation to pay or transmit money or property to the federal government. These laws may apply to manufacturers and distributors who provide information on coverage , coding, and reimbursement of their products to persons who do bill third-party payors. When an entity is determined to have violated the federal civil False Claims Act, the government may impose civil fines and penalties ranging from $11,463 to $22,927 for each false claim, plus treble damages, and exclude the entity from participation in Medicare, Medicaid and other federal healthcare programs. HIPAA, which created federal criminal laws that prohibit executing a scheme to defraud any healthcare benefit program or making false statements relating to healthcare matters. A person or entity does not need to have actual knowledge of these statutes or specific intent to violate them to have committed a violation. Further, failure to comply with the HIPAA privacy and security standards can result in civil monetary penalties up to $57,051 per violation, not to exceed $1.7 million per calendar year for non-compliance of an identical provision and, in certain circumstances, criminal penalties with fines up to $1.5 million and/or imprisonment; the federal Physician Sunshine Act requirements under the ACA, which impose reporting and disclosure requirements on device and drug manufacturers for any “transfer of value” made or distributed by certain manufacturers of drugs, devices, biologics , and medical supplies to physicians (including doctors, dentists, optometrists, podiatrists and chiropractors), physician assistants, nurse practitioners, other practitioners, teaching hospitals, and ownership and investment interests held by physicians and their immediate family members; federal consumer protection and unfair competition laws, which broadly regulate marketplace activities and activities that potentially harm customers; and state and foreign law equivalents of each of the above federal laws, such as state anti-kickback and false claims laws that may apply to items or services reimbursed by any third-party payor, including commercial insurers; state laws that require device companies to comply with the industry’s voluntary compliance guidelines and the relevant compliance guidance promulgated by the federal government, or otherwise restrict payments that may be made to healthcare providers and other potential referral sources; state laws that require device manufacturers to report information related to payments and other transfers of value to physicians and other healthcare providers or marketing expenditures. - 22 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1A The scope and enforcement of these laws are uncertain and subject to rapid change in the current environment of healthcare reform, especially in light of the lack of applicable precedent and regulations. Federal and state enforcement bodies have recently increased their scrutiny of interactions between healthcare companies and healthcare providers, which has led to a number of investigations, prosecutions, convictions and settlements in the healthcare industry. For example, from 2016 through 2019, the Office of Inspector General, or OIG, of the Department of Health and Human Services has sent us subpoenas, informal requests and a civil investigative demand, requesting documents and other materials that relate to our business practices, marketing programs, promotional activities, and leasing programs with home medical equipment providers, medical providers, sleep labs, and physicians. Responding to investigations can be time-and resource-consuming and can divert management’s attention from the business. Additionally, as a result of these types of investigations, healthcare providers and entities may face litigation or have to agree to settlements that can include monetary penalties and onerous compliance and reporting requirements as part of a consent decree or corporate integrity agreement. Any such investigation or settlement could increase our costs or otherwise have an adverse effect on our business. We have tentatively agreed with the government to civilly resolve the 2016 to 20 19 government investigations described above for a payment of $39.5 million and we expect to also incur additional fees and administrative costs that typically accompany such a resolution. As a result, we have reserved $41.2 million for the expenses we expect to incur in connection with this settlement. A resolution may also include ongoing obligations , such as any imposed under a corporate integrity agreement. However, we have not yet completed negotiations, and there can be no assurance as to whether or when the parties will finalize any such negotiated resolution or what the final terms of such a resolution will be . If our operations are found to be in violation of any of the laws described above or any other governmental regulations that apply to us now or in the future, we may be subject to penalties, including civil and criminal penalties, damages, fines, disgorgement, exclusion from governmental health care programs, additional compliance and reporting obligations, imprisonment and the curtailment or restructuring of our ope rations, any of which could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results. Our use and disclosure of individually identifiable information, including health information, is subject to federal, state and foreign privacy and security regulations, and our failure to comply with those regulations or to adequately secure the information we hold could result in significant liability or reputational harm. The privacy and security of personally identifiable information stored, maintained, received or transmitted electronically is a major issue in the United States and abroad. While we strive to comply with all applicable privacy and security laws and regulations, as well as our own posted privacy policies, legal standards for privacy, including but not limited to ‘‘unfairness’’ and ‘‘deception,’’ as enforced by the FTC and state attorneys general, continue to evolve and any failure or perceived failure to comply may result in proceedings or actions against us by government entities or others, or could cause us to lose audience and customers, which could have a material adverse effect on our business. Recently, there has been an increase in public awareness of privacy issues in the wake of revelations about the activities of various government agencies and in the number of private privacy-related lawsuits filed against companies. Concerns about our practices with regard to the collection, use, disclosure, or security of personally identifiable information or other privacy-related matters, even if unfounded and even if we are in compliance with applicable laws, could damage our reputation and harm our business. Numerous foreign, federal and state laws and regulations govern collection, dissemination, use and confidentiality of personally identifiable health information, including (i) state privacy and confidentiality laws (including state laws requiring disclosure of breaches); (ii) HIPAA; and (iii) European and other foreign data protection laws, including the GDPR. HIPAA establishes a set of national privacy and security standards for the protection of individually identifiable health information, including what is known as protected health information, by health plans, healthcare clearinghouses and healthcare providers that submit certain covered transactions electronically, or covered entities, and their ‘‘business associates,’’ which are persons or entities that perform certain services for, or on behalf of, a covered entity that involve the use or disclosure of protected health information. Certain portions of our business, such as the cloud-based software digital health applications, are subject to HIPAA as a business associate of our covered entities clients. To provide our covered entity clients with services that involve the use or disclosure of PHI, HIPAA requires us to enter into business associate agreements that require us to safeguard PHI in accordance with HIPAA. As a business associate, we are also directly liable for compliance with HIPAA. Penalties for violations of HIPAA regulations include civil and criminal penalties. HIPAA authorizes state attorneys general to file suit under HIPAA on behalf of state residents. Courts can award damages, costs and attorneys’ fees related to violations of HIPAA in such cases. While HIPAA does not create a private right of action allowing individuals to sue us in civil court for HIPAA violations, its standards have been used as the basis for a duty of care claim in state civil suits such as those for negligence or recklessness in the misuse or breach of PHI. - 23 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1A HIPAA further requires business associates like us to notify our covered entity clients “without unreasonable delay and in no case later than 60 calendar days after discovery of the breach.” Covered entities must notify affected individuals “without unreasonable delay and in no case later than 60 calendar days after discovery of the breach” if their unsecured PHI is subject to an unauthorized access, use or disclosure. If a breach affects 500 patients or more, covered entities must report it to HHS and local media without unreasonable delay, and HHS will post the name of the breaching entity on its public website. If a breach affects fewer than 500 individuals, the covered entity must log it and notify HHS at least annually. If we are unable to properly protect the privacy and security of health information entrusted to us, our solutions may be perceived as not secure, we may incur significant liabilities and customers may curtail their use of or stop using our solutions. In addition, if we fail to comply with the terms of our business associate agreements with our clients, we are liable not only contractually but also directly under HIPAA. We are also subject to laws and regulations in non-U.S. countries covering data privacy and the protection of health-related and other personal information. EU member states and other jurisdictions have adopted data protection laws and regulations, which impose significant compliance obligations. Laws and regulations in these jurisdictions apply broadly to the collection, use, storage, disclosure and security of personal information that identifies or may be used to identify an individual, such as names, contact information, and sensitive personal data such as health data. These laws and regulations are subject to frequent revisions and differing interpretations, and have generally become more stringent over time. In addition, as of May 25, 2018, the General Data Protection Regulation, or GDPR, has replaced the Data Protection Directive with respect to the processing of personal data in the Economic Area, or EEA. The GDPR imposes several stringent requirements for controllers and processors of personal data, including, for example, higher standards for obtaining consent from individuals to process their personal data, more robust disclosures to individuals and a strengthened individual data rights regime, shortened timelines for data breach notifications, limitations on retention and secondary use of information (including for research purposes) , increased requirements pertaining to health data and pseudonymised (i.e., key-coded) data and additional obligations when we contract third party processors in connection with the processing of the personal data. The GDPR also imposes strict rules on the transfer of personal data out of the EEA, including to the United States, and could be impacted by changes in law as a result of a future review of these transfer mechanisms by European regulators under the GDPR, as well as current challenges to these mechanisms in the European courts. European data protection law provides that EEA member states may make their own further laws and regulations limiting the processing of genetic, biometric or health data, which could limit our ability to use and share personal data or could cause our costs could increase, and harm our business and financial condition. The GDPR and other similar regulations impose additional conditions in order to satisfy such consent for electronic marketing, such as a prohibition on pre-checked tick boxes and bundled consents, thereby requiring customers to affirmatively consent for a given purpose through separate tick boxes or other affirmative action. Failure to comply with the requirements of GDPR and the applicable national data protection and marketing laws of the EEA member states may result in fines of up to €20,000,000 or up to 4% of the total worldwide annual turnover of the preceding financial year, whichever is higher, and other administrative penalties as well as individual claims for compensation . To comply with the new data protection rules imposed by GDPR we may be required to put in place additional mechanisms ensuring compliance. This may be onerous and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Compliance with such laws and regulations causes our costs to increase and harms our business and financial condition. Additionally, limitations on our ability to use and share personal data could adversely affect our business. In addition, Brexit could also lead to further legislative and regulatory changes by the planned exit date of October 2019. It remains unclear how the United Kingdom data protection laws or regulations will develop in the medium to longer term and how data transfer to the United Kingdom from the European Union will be regulated, especially if the United Kingdom leaves the European Union without a deal. However, the United Kingdom has transposed the GDPR into domestic law with the Data Protection Act 2018 which will remain in force, even if and when the United Kingdom leaves the EU. Any failure or perceived failure by us to comply with privacy or security laws, policies, legal obligations or industry standards or any security incident that results in the unauthorized release or transfer of personally identifiable information may result in governmental enforcement actions and investigations, fines and penalties, litigation and/or adverse publicity, including by consumer advocacy groups, and could cause our customers to lose trust in us, which could have an adverse effect on our reputation and business. Such failures could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operations. If the third parties we work with violate applicable laws, contractual obligations or suffer a security breach, such violations may also put us in breach of our obligations under privacy laws and regulations and/or could in turn have a material adverse effect on our business. - 24 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1A Our business activities are subject to extensive regulation, and any failure to comply could have a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations. We are subject to extensive U.S. federal, state, local and international regulations regarding our business activities. Failure to comply with these regulations could result in, among other things, recalls of our products, substantial fines and criminal charges against us or against our employees. Furthermore, certain of our products could be subject to recall if the Food and Drug Administration, or the FDA, other regulators or we determine, for any reason, that those products are not safe or effective. Any recall or other regulatory action could increase our costs, damage our reputation, affect our ability to supply customers with the quantity of products they require and materially affect our operating results. Actual or attempted breaches of security, unauthorized disclosure of information, denial of service attacks or the perception that personal and/or other sensitive or confidential information in our possession is not secure, could result in a material loss of business, substantial legal liability or significant harm to our reputation. We receive, collect, process, use and store a large amount of information from clients and our own employees, including personally identifiable, protected health and other sensitive and confidential information. This data is often accessed by us through transmissions over public and private networks, including the Internet. The secure transmission of such information over the Internet and other mechanisms is essential to maintain confidence in our information technology systems. We have implemented security measures, technical controls and contractual precautions designed to identify, detect and prevent unauthorized access, alteration, use or disclosure of our and our clients’ and employees’ data. However, there is no guarantee that these measures can provide absolute security. Beyond external criminal activity, systems that access or control access to our services and databases may be compromised as a result of human error, fraud or malice on the part of employees or third parties, or may result from accidental technological failure. Because the techniques used to circumvent security systems can be highly sophisticated and change frequently, often are not recognized until launched against a target and may originate from less regulated and remote areas around the world, we may be unable to proactively address all possible techniques or implement adequate preventive measures for all situations. If someone is able to circumvent or breach our security systems, they could steal any information located therein or cause interruptions to our operations. Security breaches or attempts thereof could also damage our reputation and expose us to a risk of monetary loss and/or litigation, fines and sanctions. We also face risks associated with security breaches affecting third parties that conduct business with us or our clients and others who interact with our data. While we maintain insurance that covers certain security and privacy breaches, we may not carry appropriate insurance or maintain sufficient coverage to compensate for all potential liability. We are subject to diverse laws and regulations relating to data privacy and security, including HIPAA and European data privacy laws. Complying with these numerous and complex regulations is expensive and difficult, and failure to comply with these regulations could result in regulatory scrutiny, fines and civil liability. In addition, any security breach or attempt thereof could result in liability for stolen assets or information, additional costs associated with repairing any system damage, incentives offered to clients or other business partners to maintain business relationships after a breach, and implementation of measures to prevent future breaches, including organizational changes, deployment of additional personnel and protection technologies, employee training and engagement of third-party experts and consultants. Furthermore, these rules are constantly changing; for example, as stated above, the GDPR has been adopted, the EU-U.S. Safe Harbor Framework has been declared invalid and the EU-U.S. Privacy Shield Framework has recently been formally adopted by the European Commission while the standard contractual clauses are being challenged in the European courts. Additionally, the costs incurred to remediate any data security or privacy incident could be substantial. We cannot assure you that any of our third-party service providers with access to our or our clients and/or employees’ personally identifiable and other sensitive or confidential information will maintain appropriate policies and practices regarding data privacy and security in compliance with all applicable laws or that they will not experience data security breaches or attempts thereof, which could have a corresponding effect on our business. - 25 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1A Product sales, introductions or modifications may be delayed or canceled as a result of FDA regulations or similar foreign regulations, which could cause our sales and profits to decline. Unless a product is exempt, before we can market or sell a new medical device in the United States, we must obtain FDA clearance or approval, which can be a lengthy and time-consuming process. We generally receive clearance from the FDA to market our products in the United States under Section 510(k) of the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act or our products are exempt from the Section 510(k) clearance process. The 510(k) clearance process can be expensive, time-consuming and uncertain. In the 510(k) clearance process, the FDA must determine that a proposed device is “substantially equivalent” to a device legally on the market, known as a “predicate” device, with respect to intended use, technology and safety and effectiveness, in order to clear the proposed device for marketing. The FDA has a high degree of latitude when evaluating submissions and may determine that a proposed device submitted for 510(k) clearance is not substantially equivalent to a predicate device. After a device receives 510(k) premarket notification clearance from the FDA, any modification that could significantly affect its safety or effectiveness, or that would constitute a major change in the intended use of the device, technology, materials, packaging, and certain manufacturing processes may require a new 510(k) clearance or premarket approval. We have modified some of our Section 510(k) approved products without submitting new Section 510(k) notices, which we do not believe were required. However, if the FDA disagrees with us and requires us to submit new Section 510(k) notifications for modifications to our existing products, we may be required to stop marketing the products while the FDA reviews the Section 510(k) notification. Any new product introduction or existing product modification could be subjected to a lengthier, more rigorous FDA examination process. For example, in certain cases we may need to conduct clinical trials of a new product before submitting a 510(k) notice. We may also be required to obtain premarket approvals for certain of our products. Indeed, recent trends in the FDA’s review of premarket notification submissions suggest that the FDA is often requiring manufacturers to provide new, more expansive, or different information regarding a particular device than what the manufacturer anticipated upon 510(k) submission. This has resulted in increasing uncertainty and delay in the premarket notification review process. For example, in November 2018, FDA officials announced forthcoming steps that the FDA intends to take to modernize the 510(k) premarket notification pathway. Among other things, the FDA announced that it plans to develop proposals to drive manufacturers utilizing the 510(k) pathway toward the use of newer predicates. These proposals include plans to potentially sunset certain older devices that were used as predicates under the 510(k) clearance pathway, and to potentially publish a list of devices that have been cleared on the basis of demonstrated substantial equivalence to predicate devices that are more than 10 years old. In February 2019, the FDA also finalized guidance establishing a “Safety and Performance Based Pathway” for “manufacturers of certain well-understood device types” allowing manufacturers to rely on objective safety and performance criteria recognized by the FDA to demonstrate substantial equivalence, obviating the need for manufacturers to compare the safety and performance of their medical devices to specific predicate devices in the clearance process. Some of these proposals have not yet been finalized or adopted, and the FDA announced that it would seek public feedback prior to publication of any such proposals, and may work with Congress to implement such proposals through legislation. Accordingly, it is unclear the extent to which any proposals, if adopted, could impose additional regulatory requirements on us that could delay our ability to obtain new 510(k) clearances, increase the costs of compliance, or restrict our ability to maintain our current clearances, or otherwise create competition that may negatively affect our business. In addition, the FDA recently evaluated its guidance describing when it believes a manufacturer is obligated to submit a new 510(k) for modifications or changes to a previously cleared device. Although the FDA had historically proposed a number of changes to a long-standing guidance from 1997 on this topic, the FDA concluded that manufacturers should continue adhering to the principles in the 1997 guidance. In October 2017, the FDA issued final guidance superseding the 1997 guidance, which FDA believes preserves the basic format and content of the 1997 guidance with updates to enhance predictability, consistency, and transparency of the decision-making process. The FDA’s ongoing review of the 510(k) program may make it more difficult for us to make modifications to our previously cleared products, either by imposing stricter requirements on when a manufacturer must submit a new 510(k) for a modification to a previously cleared product, or by applying more onerous review criteria to such submissions. FDA continues to review its 510(k) clearance process which could result in additional changes to regulatory requirements or guidance documents which could increase the costs of compliance, or restrict our ability to maintain current clearances. The requirements of the more rigorous premarket approval process and/or significant changes to the 510(k) clearance process could delay product introductions and increase the costs associated with FDA compliance. Marketing and sale of our products outside the United States are also subject to regulatory clearances and approvals, and if we fail to obtain these regulatory approvals, our sales could suffer. We cannot assure you that any new products we develop will receive required regulatory approvals from U.S. or foreign regulatory agencies. - 26 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1A We are subject to substantial regulation related to quality standards applicable to our manufacturing and quality processes. Our failure to comply with these standards could have an adverse effect on our business, financial condition, or results of operations. The FDA regulates the approval, manufacturing, and sales and marketing of many of our products in the United States. Significant government regulation also exists in Canada, Japan, Europe, and other countries in which we conduct business. As a device manufacturer, we are required to register with the FDA and are subject to periodic inspection by the FDA for compliance with the FDA’s Quality System Regulation requirements, which require manufacturers of medical devices to adhere to certain regulations, including testing, quality control and documentation procedures. In addition, the federal Medical Device Reporting regulations require us to provide information to the FDA whenever there is evidence that reasonably suggests that a device may have caused or contributed to a death or serious injury or, if a malfunction were to occur, could cause or contribute to a death or serious injury. Compliance with applicable regulatory requirements is subject to continual review and is rigorously monitored through periodic inspections by the FDA. In the European Community, we are required to maintain certain ISO certifications in order to sell our products and must undergo periodic inspections by notified bodies to obtain and maintain these certifications. Failure to comply with current governmental regulations and quality assurance guidelines could lead to temporary manufacturing shutdowns, product recalls or related field actions, product shortages or delays in product manufacturing. Efficacy or safety concerns, an increase in trends of adverse events in the marketplace, and/or manufacturing quality issues with respect to our products could lead to product recalls or related field actions, withdrawals, and/or declining sales. Changes in funding for the FDA and other government agencies could hinder their ability to hire and retain key leadership and other personnel, or otherwise prevent new products and services from being developed or commercialized in a timely manner, which could negatively impact our business. The ability of the FDA to review and clear or approve new products can be affected by a variety of factors, including government budget and funding levels, ability to hire and retain key personnel and accept the payment of user fees, and statutory, regulatory, and policy changes. In addition, government funding of other government agencies that fund research and development activities is subject to the political process, which is inherently fluid and unpredictable. Disruptions at the FDA and other agencies may also slow the time necessary for new drugs, biologics, or devices to be reviewed and/or cleared or approved by necessary government agencies, which would adversely affect our business. For example, over the last several years, including for 35 days beginning on December 22, 2018, the U.S. government has shut down several times and certain regulatory agencies, such as the FDA, have had to furlough critical employees and stop critical activities. If a prolonged government shutdown occurs, it could significantly impact the ability of the FDA to timely review and process our regulatory submissions, which could have a material adverse effect on our business. Laws regulating consumer contacts could adversely affect our business operations or create liabilities. Our business activities include contacts with consumers in different parts of the world. Certain laws, such as the U.S. Telephone Consumer Protection Act, regulate telemarketing practices and certain automated outbound contacts with consumers, such as phone calls, texts or emails. Our use of outbound contacts may be restricted by existing laws, or by laws, regulations, or regulatory decisions that may be adopted in the future. If we are found to have violated these laws or regulations, we may be subjected to substantial fines, penalties, or liabilities to consumers. Our products are the subject of clinical trials conducted by us, our competitors, or other third parties, the results of which may be unfavorable, or perceived as unfavorable, and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. As a part of the regulatory process to obtain marketing clearance for new products and new indications for existing products, or for other reasons, we conduct and participate in numerous clinical trials with a variety of study designs, patient populations, and trial endpoints. We, our competitors, or other third parties may also conduct clinical trials involving our commercially marketed products. The results of clinical trials may be unfavorable or inconsistent with previous findings, or could identify safety signals associated with our products. Current or future clinical trials may not meet primary endpoints, may reveal disadvantages of our products and solutions for various markets we address, or could generate unfavorable or inconsistent clinical data. Clinical data, or the market’s or regulatory bodies’ perception of the clinical data, may adversely impact our ability to obtain product clearances or approvals, and our position in, and share of, the markets in which we participate. Moreover, if these clinical trials identify serious safety issues associated with our marketed products, potentially adverse consequences could result, including that regulatory authorities could withdraw clearances or approvals of our products, we could be required to halt the marketing and sales of our products or recall our products, we could be required to update our product labeling with additional warnings, we could be sued and held liable for harm caused to patients, and our reputation may suffer. Any of these could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. - 27 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1A Off-label marketing of our products could result in substantial penalties. The FDA strictly regulates the promotional claims that may be made about FDA-cleared products. In particular, clearance under Section 510(k) only permits us to market our products for the uses indicated on the labeling cleared by the FDA. We may request additional label indications for our current products, and the FDA may deny those requests outright, require additional expensive clinical data to support any additional indications or impose limitations on the intended use of any cleared products as a condition of clearance. If the FDA determines that we have marketed our products for off-label use, we could be subject to fines, injunctions or other penalties. It is also possible that other federal, state or foreign enforcement authorities might take action if they consider our business activities to constitute promotion of an off-label use, which could result in significant penalties, including, but not limited to, criminal, civil and administrative penalties, damages, fines, disgorgement, exclusion from participation in government healthcare programs, and the curtailment of our operations. Any of these events could significantly harm our business and results of operations and cause our stock price to decline. Disruptions in the supply of components from our suppliers could result in a significant reduction in sales and profitability. We purchase configured components for our devices from various suppliers, including some who are single-source suppliers for us. We cannot assure you that a replacement supplier would be able to configure its components for our devices on a timely basis or, in the alternative, that we would be able to reconfigure our devices to integrate the replacement part. A reduction or halt in supply while a replacement supplier reconfigures its components, or while we reconfigure our devices for the replacement part, would limit our ability to manufacture our devices in a timely or cost- effective manner, which could result in a significant reduction in sales and profitability. We cannot assure you that our inventories would be adequate to meet our production needs during any prolonged interruption of supply. If we fail to attract develop and retain key employees our business may suffer. Our ability to compete effectively depends on our ability to attract and retain key employees, including people in senior management, sales, marketing, technology and R&D positions. Competition for top talent in the healthcare industry can be intense. Our ability to recruit and retain such talent will depend on a number of factors, including hiring practices of our competitors, compensation and benefits, work location, work environment and industry economic conditions. If we cannot effectively recruit, develop and retain qualified employees to drive our strategic goals, our business could suffer. We are subject to potential product liability claims that may exceed the scope and amount of our insurance coverage, which would expose us to liability for uninsured claims. We are subject to potential product liability claims as a result of the design, manufacture and marketing of medical devices. Any product liability claim brought against us, with or without merit, could result in the increase of our product liability insurance rates. In addition, we would have to pay any amount awarded by a court in excess of our policy limits. Our insurance policies have various exclusions, and thus we may be subject to a product liability claim for which we have no insurance coverage, in which case, we may have to pay the entire amount of any award. We cannot assure you that our insurance coverage will be adequate or that all claims brought against us will be covered by our insurance and we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain insurance in the future on terms acceptable to us or at all. A successful product liability claim brought against us in excess of our insurance coverage, if any, may require us to pay substantial amounts, which could harm our business. Our intellectual property may not protect our products, and/or our products may infringe on the intellectual property rights of third- parties. We rely on a combination of patents, trade secrets and non-disclosure agreements to protect our intellectual property. Our success depends, in part, on our ability to obtain and maintain United States and foreign patent protection for our products, their uses and our processes to preserve our trade secrets and to operate without infringing on the proprietary rights of third-parties. We have a number of pending patent applications, and we do not know whether any patents will issue from any of these applications. We do not know whether any of the claims in our issued patents or pending applications will provide us with any significant protection against competitive products or otherwise be commercially valuable. Legal standards regarding the validity of patents and the proper scope of their claims are still evolving, and there is no consistent law or policy regarding the valid breadth of claims. Additionally, there may be third-party patents, patent applications and other intellectual property relevant to our products and technology which are not known to us and that block or compete with our products. We face the risks that: · · · · · third-parties will infringe our intellectual property rights; our non-disclosure agreements will be breached; we will not have adequate remedies for infringement; our trade secrets will become known to or independently developed by our competitors; or third-parties will be issued patents that may prevent the sale of our products or require us to license and pay fees or royalties in order for us to be able to market some of our products. - 28 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1A Litigation may be necessary to enforce patents issued to us, to protect our proprietary rights, or to defend third-party claims that we have infringed on proprietary rights of others. If the outcome of any litigation or proceeding brought against us were adverse, we could be subject to significant liabilities to third-parties, could be required to obtain licenses from third-parties, could be forced to design around the patents at issue or could be required to cease sales of the affected products. A license may not be available at all or on commercially viable terms, and we may not be able to redesign our products to avoid infringement. Additionally, the laws regarding the enforceability of patents vary from country to country, and we cannot assure you that any patent issues we face will be uniformly resolved, or that local laws will provide us with consistent rights and benefits. Tax laws, regulations, and enforcement practices are evolving and may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, cash flows and financial position. Tax laws, regulations, and administrative practices in various jurisdictions are evolving and may be subject to significant changes due to economic, political, and other conditions. There are many transactions that occur during the ordinary course of business for which the ultimate tax determination is uncertain, and significant judgment is required in evaluating and estimating our provision and accruals for taxes. Governments are increasingly focused on ways to increase tax revenues, particularly from multinational corporations, which may lead to an increase in audit activity and aggressive positions taken by tax authorities. Changes or clarifications to U.S. tax laws could materially affect the tax treatment of our domestic and foreign earnings. The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, an international association of 34 countries, including the United States, released the final reports from its Base Erosion and Profit Shifting, or BEPS, Action Plans, which aim to standardize and modernize global tax policies. The BEPS Action Plans propose revisions to numerous tax rules, including country-by-country reporting, permanent establishment, hybrid entities and instruments, transfer pricing, and tax treaties. The BEPS Action Plans have been or are being enacted by countries where we have operations. In December 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, or the U.S. Tax Act , was signed into law. The U.S. Tax Act significantly revise d the U.S. corporate income tax by, among other things, imposing a one-time transition tax on unremitted foreign earnings, lowering the corporate income tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent and implementing a territorial tax system in regard to foreign earnings. T his resulted in the recognition of a dditional income tax expense of $138.0 million during the year ended June 30, 2018, which consisted of $126.9 million for a transition tax imposed on all non-U.S. historical earnings that is payable over the follow ing eight years and $11.1 million in tax expense due to the expected limitation of future deductions of our net deferred tax assets. Effective December 31, 2018, the accounting relating to the impact of changes to U.S. Tax Act was no longer considered provisional. However, further adjustments could be required as a result of future legislation, amended tax returns, or tax examinations of the years impacted by the calculation. Developments in relevant tax laws, regulations, administrative practices and enforcement practices could have a material adverse effect on our operating results, financial position and cash flows, including the need to obtain additional financing. We are subject to tax audits by various tax authorities in many jurisdictions. Our income tax returns are based on calculations and assumptions that require significant judgment, and are subject to audit by various tax authorities. In addition, the calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws. We regularly assess the potential outcomes of examinations by tax authorities in determining the adequacy of our provision for income taxes. We are currently under audit by the Australian Taxation Office, or ATO, for the tax years 2009 to 2013, and in March 2018, we received Notices of Amended Assessments. Based on these assessments, the ATO asserted that we owe $151.7 million in additional income tax and $38.4 million in accrued interest. We agreed to a payment arrangement with the ATO, whereby an amount of $75.9 million was paid by us in April 2018, with the remaining amounts due only if we are unsuccessful in defending our position. In June 2018, we received a notice from the ATO claiming penalties of 50% of the additional income tax that was assessed. In accordance with the payment arrangement, all remaining tax, interest and penalty amounts outstanding are due only if we are unsuccessful in defending our position. We do not agree with the ATO’s assessments and intend to pursue administrative and legal steps to defend our position. We continue to believe we are more likely than not to be successful in defending our position. However, if we are not successful, there may be material changes to our past or future taxable income, tax payable or deferred tax assets, we will not receive a refund of the $75.9 million we paid in April 2018, and we will be required to pay penalties and interest that could materially adversely affect our financial results. The ATO is currently auditing tax years 2014 to 2017, and we have also been notified by the ATO that they intend to audit tax year 2018. Our quarterly operating results are subject to fluctuation for a variety of reasons. Our operating results have, from time to time, fluctuated on a quarterly basis and may be subject to similar fluctuations in the future. These fluctuations may result from a number of factors, including: · · the introduction of new products by us or our competitors; the geographic mix of product sales; - 29 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1A · · · · · · · · · the success and costs of our marketing efforts in new regions; changes in third-party payor reimbursement; timing of regulatory clearances and approvals; costs associated with acquiring and integrating new businesses, technologies and product offerings; timing of orders by distributors; expenditures incurred for research and development; competitive pricing in different regions; the effect of foreign currency transaction gains or losses; and other activities of our competitors. Fluctuations in our quarterly operating results may cause the market price of our common stock to fluctuate. If a natural or man-made disaster strikes our manufacturing facilities, we will be unable to manufacture our products for a substantial amount of time and our sales and profitability will decline. Our facilities and the manufacturing equipment we use to produce our products would be costly to replace and could require substantial lead-time to repair or replace. The facilities may be affected by natural or man-made disasters and in the event they were affected by a disaster, we would be forced to rely on third-party manufacturers. Although we believe we possess adequate insurance for the disruption of our business from causalities, such insurance may not be sufficient to cover all of our potential losses and may not continue to be available to us on acceptable terms, or at all. Delaware law and provisions in our charter and could make it difficult for another company to acquire us. Provisions of our certificate of incorporation may have the effect of delaying or preventing changes in control or management which might be beneficial to us or our security holders. In particular, our board of directors is divided into three classes, serving for staggered three-year terms. Because of this classification, it will require at least two annual meetings to elect directors constituting a majority of our board of directors. Additionally, our board of directors has the authority to issue up to 2,000,000 shares of preferred stock and to determine the price, rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions, including voting rights, of those shares without further vote or action by the stockholders. The rights of the holders of our common stock will be subject to, and may be adversely affected by, the rights of the holders of any preferred stock that may be issued in the future. The issuance of preferred stock may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a change in control, may discourage bids for our common stock at a premium over the market price of our common stock and may adversely affect the market price of our common stock and the voting and other rights of the holders of our common stock. You may not be able to enforce the judgments of U.S. courts against some of our assets or officers and directors. A substantial portion of our assets are located outside the United States. Additionally, some of our directors and executive officers reside outside the United States, along with all or a substantial portion of their assets. As a result, it may not be possible for investors to enforce judgments of U.S. courts relating to any liabilities under U.S. securities laws against our assets, those persons or their assets. In addition, investors may not be able to pursue claims based on U.S. securities laws against these assets or these persons in non-U.S. courts, where most of these assets and persons reside. We are increasingly dependent on information technology systems and infrastructure. Our technology systems are potentially vulnerable to breakdown or other interruption by fire, power loss, system malfunction, unauthorized access and other events. Likewise, data privacy breaches by employees and others with both permitted and unauthorized access to our systems may pose a risk that sensitive data may be exposed to unauthorized persons or to the public, or may be permanently lost. While we have invested heavily in the protection of data and information technology and in related training, there can be no assurance that our efforts will prevent significant breakdowns, breaches in our systems or other cyber incidents that could have a material adverse effect upon the reputation, business, operations or financial condition of the company. In addition, significant implementation issues may arise as we continue to consolidate and outsource certain computer operations and application support activities. - 30 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 1A Our results of operations may be materially affected by global economic conditions generally, including conditions in the financial markets. Recently, concerns over inflation, energy costs, geopolitical issues, the availability and cost of credit, and the ability of sovereign nations to pay their debts have contributed to increased volatility and diminished expectations for the economy and the financial markets going forward. These factors, combined with volatile commodity prices, declining business and consumer confidence and increased unemployment, have precipitated an economic slowdown. It is difficult to predict how long the current economic conditions will continue and whether the economic conditions will continue to deteriorate. If the economic climate in the United States or outside the United States continues to deteriorate or there is a shift in government spending priorities, customers or potential customers could reduce or delay their purchases, which could impact our revenue, our ability to manage inventory levels, collect customer receivables, and ultimately decrease our profitability. Our leverage and debt service obligations could adversely affect our business. As of June 30, 2019 , our total consolidated debt was $1,274.0 million. We may incur additional indebtedness in the future. Our indebtedness could have adverse consequences, including: · making it more difficult to satisfy our financial obligations; · · · · increasing our vulnerability to adverse economic, regulatory and industry conditions; limiting our ability to compete and our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate; limiting our ability to borrow additional funds for working capital, capital expenditure, acquisitions and general corporate or other purposes; and exposing us to greater interest rate risk. Our debt service obligations will require us to use a portion of our operating cash flow to pay interest and principal in indebtedness, which could impede our growth. Our ability to make payments on, and to refinance, our indebtedness, and to fund capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. This is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory, and other factors, many of which are beyond our control. We may be adversely affected by recent proposals to reform LIBOR. Certain of our financial arrangements, including credit facilities, are made at variable interest rates that use the London Interbank Offered Rate, or LIBOR (or metrics derived from or related to LIBOR), as a benchmark for establishing the interest rate. On July 27, 2017, the United Kingdom’s Financial Conduct Authority announced that it intends to stop persuading or compelling banks to submit LIBOR rates after 2021. These reforms may cause LIBOR to cease to exist, new methods of calculating LIBOR to be established, or alternative reference rates to be established. The potential consequences cannot be fully predicted and could have an adverse impact on the market value for or value of LIBOR-linked securities, loans, and other financial obligations or extensions of credit held by or due to us. Changes in market interest rates may influence our financing costs, returns on financial investments and the valuation of derivative contracts and could reduce our earnings and cash flows. We may write-off intangible assets, such as goodwill. We have recorded intangible assets, including goodwill in connection with our acquisitions. At least on an annual basis, we will evaluate whether facts and circumstances indicate any impairment of the values of these intangible assets. As circumstances change, we cannot assure you that the value of these intangible assets will be realized by us. If we determine that a significant impairment has occurred, we will be required to write-off the impaired portion of intangible assets, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations in the period in which the write-off occurs. Prior to our recent acquisitions, those companies were privately-held, and their new obligations of being a part of a public company may require significant resources and management attention. Upon consummation of our recent acquisitions, the acquired entities became subsidiaries of our consolidated company, and need to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations subsequently implemented by the SEC and the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board. We will need to ensure that each of the acquired companies establishes and maintains effective disclosure controls as well as internal controls and procedures for financial reporting, and such compliance efforts may be costly and may divert the attention of management. - 31 - Table of Contents PART I ITEM 1B UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Items 1B – 4 We have received no written comments regarding our periodic or current reports from the staff of the SEC that were issued 180 days or more before the end of our fiscal year 2019 that remain unresolved. ITEM 2 PROPERTIES We conduct our operations in both owned and leased properties. Our principal executive of fices and U.S. sales facilities consist of approximately 230,000 square feet and are located on Spectrum Center Boulevard in San Diego, California, in a building we own. We have our primary research and development facilities, as well as office and manufacturing facilities at our owned site in Sydney, Australia. Other facilities are leased in Atlanta , Georgia, and Moreno Valley, California, U.S.A.; Loyang and Galaxais, Singapore; Munich, Germany; Lyon, France; Suzhou, China; and Johor Bahru, Malaysia. We believe that our facilities are adequate to meet the needs of our current business operations. At June 30, 2019 , our principal owned and leased properties were as follows: Location San Diego, California Norwest, Sydney, Australia Suzhou, China Atlanta , Georgia Moreno Valley, California Loyang, Singapore Chatsworth, California Munich, Germany Johor Bahru, Malaysia Galaxais / Connexis, Singapore Ownership Status (Owned / Leased) Owned Owned Owned Leased Leased Leased Leased Leased Leased Leased Square footage 230,000 224,000 53,000 508 ,000 374,000 95,000 72,000 128,000 46,000 16,000 Primary Usage Corporate headquarters, sales and administration Manufacturing , engineering, research and development Manufacturing, engineering, research and development Warehouse and distribution Warehouse and distribution Manufacturing facility Motor manufacturing, engineering, research and development Sales and distribution, research and development Manufacturing facility Engineering, research and development ITEM 3 LEGAL PROCEEDINGS We are involved in various legal proceedings, claims, investigations and litigation that arise in the ordinary course of our business. We investigate these matters as they arise, and accrue estimates for resolution of legal and other contingencies in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 5. See Note 19 – Legal Actions and Contingencies of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Part II, Item 8) included in this report. Litigation is inherently uncertain. Accordingly, we cannot predict with certainty the outcome of these matters. But we do not expect the outcome of these matters to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements when taken as a whole. Administrative subpoenas. In 2016, we received federal administrative subpoenas from the Office of Inspector General of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. The subpoenas requested documents and other materials related primarily to industry offerings of patient resupply software to home medical equipment providers, discounted sales and leasing to sleep labs, samples, and other promotional programs. In addition, the Department of Justice has informally requested information about our leasing arrangements with customers. In August 2018, we received a third subpoena, requesting documents and other materials relating to diagnostic devices and masks provided to medical providers, and diagnostic auto-scoring functions. In February 2019, the Department of Justice provided us with a Civil Investigative Demand seeking further information concerning the industry offerings described above. We are cooperating with the government’s requests for documents and information, including additional subpoenas on these same issues. Responding to these investigations can consume substantial time and resources and can divert management’s attention from the business. Additionally, as a result of these investigations, we may face litigation or have to agree to settlements that can include monetary penalties and onerous compliance and reporting requirements as part of a consent decree or corporate integrity agreement. Any such investigation or settlement could increase our costs or otherwise have an adverse effect on our business. If our operations are found to violate federal law or regulations, or if we settle these investigations, we may be subject to civil and criminal penalties, damages, fines, disgorgement, exclusion from governmental health care programs, and the curtailment or restructuring of our operations, any of which could materially adversely affect our financial results and our ability to operate our business. - 32 - Table of Contents PART I RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Items 1B – 4 We have tentatively agreed with the government to civilly resolve these matters for a payment of $39.5 million and we expect to also incur additional fees and administrative costs that typically accompany such a resolution. As a result , we have reserved $41.2 million for the expenses we expect to incur in connection with this settlement. A resolution may also include ongoing obligations , such as any imposed under a corporate integrity agreement. However , we have not yet completed negotiations, and there can be no assurance as to whether or when the parties will finalize any such negotiated resolution or what the final terms of such a resolution will be . ITEM 4 MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES Not Applicable. - 33 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES PART II Item 5 ITEM 5 MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY , RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES Our common stock is traded on the NYSE under the symbol “RMD”. As of June 30, 2019 , there were 2 0 holders of record of our common stock, although many of these holders of record own shares as nominees on beh alf of other beneficial owners. Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans The information included under Item 12 of Part III of this Report, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters,” is hereby incorporated by reference into this Item 5 of Part II of this Report. Purchases of Equity Securities During all of our share buyback programs, we have repurchased an aggregate of 41.8 million shares at a total cost of $1.6 billion. The following table summarizes purchases by us of our common stock during the fiscal year ending June 30, 2019 : Period Total Number of Shares Purchased Average Price Paid per Share (USD) - - 114.20 - - - - - - - - - 114.20 - - 200,000 $ - - - - - - - - - 200,000 $ Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Programs (1) Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Programs (1) 41,636,234 41,636,234 41,836,234 41,836,234 41,836,234 41,836,234 41,836,234 41,836,234 41,836,234 41,836,234 41,836,234 41,836,234 41,836,234 13,079,779 13,079,779 12,879,779 12,879,779 12,879,779 12,879,779 12,879,779 12,879,779 12,879,779 12,879,779 12,879,779 12,879,779 12,879,779 July 1 - 31, 2018 August 1 - 31, 2018 September 1 - 30, 2018 October 1 - 31, 2018 November 1 - 30, 2018 December 1 - 31, 2018 January 1 - 31, 2019 February 1 - 28, 2019 March 1 - 31, 2019 April 1 - 30, 2019 May 1 - 31, 2019 June 1 - 30, 2019 Total (1) On February 21, 2014, our board of directors approved our current share repurchase program, authorizing us to acquire up to an aggregate of 20.0 million shares of our common stock. The program allows us to repurchase shares of our common stock from time to time for cash in the open market, or in negotiated or block transactions, as market and business conditions warrant and subject to applicable legal requirements. There is no expiration date for this program, and the program may be accelerated, suspended, delayed or discontinued at any time at the discretion of our board of directors. All share repurchases after February 21, 2014 have been executed under this program. - 34 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES PERFORMANCE GRAPH Item 5 This performance graph is furnished and shall not be deemed “filed” with the SEC or subject to Section 18 of the Exchange Act, nor shall it be deemed incorporated by reference in any of our filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The following graph compares the cumulative total stockholders return on our common stock from June 30, 2014 through June 30, 2019 , with the comparable cumulative return of the S&P 500 index, the S&P 500 Health Care index, and the Dow Jones U.S. Medical Devices index. The graph assumes that $100 was invested in our common stock and each index on June 30, 2014 . In addition, the graph assumes the reinvestment of all dividends paid. The stock price performance on the following graph is not necessarily indicative of future stock price performance. The following table shows total indexed return of stock price plus reinvestments of dividends, assuming an initial investment of $100 at June 30, 2014 , for the indicated periods. Index ResMed Inc. S&P 500 S&P 500 Health Care Dow Jones U.S. Medical Devices As of June 30, 2014 100 100 100 100 2015 114 105 122 118 2016 130 107 118 135 2017 164 124 130 167 2018 221 139 137 202 2019 264 150 152 243 - 35 - Table of Contents PART II ITEM 6 SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 6 The following table summarizes certain selected consolidated financial data for, and as of the end of, each of the fiscal years in the five-year period ended June 30, 2019 . The data set forth below should be read together with Item 7 of Part II of this report, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and Item 8 of Part II of this report, “Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data”, and related notes included elsewhere in this report. The consolidated statement of income data for the years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of June 30, 2019 and 2018 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. The consolidated statement of income data for the years ended June 30, 2016 and 2015 and the consolidated balance sheet data as of June 30, 2017 , 2016 and 2015 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements not included in this report . Historical results do not necessarily indicate the results to be expected in the future, and the results for the years presented should not be considered to indicate our future results of operations. Consolidated Statement of Income Data (In thousands, except per share data): Net revenue Cost of sales (excluding amortization of acquired intangible assets) Gross profit Selling, general and administrative expenses Research and development expenses Amortization of acquired intangible assets Restructuring expenses Litigation settlement expenses Acquisition related expenses Total operating expenses Income from operations Other income: Interest income (expense), net Loss attributable to equity method investments Other, net Total other income (loss), net Income before income taxes Income taxes Net income Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share Dividends per share Weighted average: Basic shares outstanding Diluted shares outstanding Consolidated Balance Sheet Data (In thousands): Working capital Total assets Long-term debt, less current maturities Total stockholders’ equity 2019 2,606,572 $ 2018 2,340,196 $ Years Ended June 30, 2017 2,066,737 $ $ 2016 1,838,713 $ 2015 1,678,912 978,032 1,362,164 600,369 155,149 46,383 18,432 - - 820,333 541,831 (11,977) - (8,542) (20,519) 521,312 205,724 315,588 2.21 2.19 1.40 142,764 143,987 $ $ $ $ 864,992 1,201,745 553,968 144,467 46,578 12,358 8,500 10,076 775,947 425,798 (11,151) - 4,096 (7,055) 418,743 76,459 342,284 2.42 2.40 1.32 141,360 142,453 2018 554,468 3,063,923 269,988 2,058,980 As of June 30, 2017 1,283,877 3,468,487 1,078,611 1,960,266 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 772,216 1,066,497 488,057 118,651 23,923 6,914 - - 637,545 428,952 5,654 - 4,960 10,614 439,566 87,157 352,409 2.51 2.49 1.20 140,242 141,669 2016 781,730 3,256,705 873,332 1,694,831 $ $ $ $ $ $ 667,516 1,011,396 478,627 114,865 8,668 - - - 602,160 409,236 20,430 - 6,250 26,680 435,916 83,030 352,886 2.51 2.47 1.12 140,468 142,687 2015 1,141,381 2,181,774 300,594 1,587,307 1,069,987 1,536,585 645,010 180,651 74,938 9,401 41,199 6,123 957,322 579,263 (33,857) (15,833) (10,726) (60,416) 518,847 114,255 404,592 2.83 2.80 1.48 143,111 144,484 2019 589,375 4,107,682 1,258,861 2,072,193 - 36 - $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Table of Contents PART II Item 7 RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations ITEM 7 MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS Overview Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is intended to help the reader understand the results of operations and financial condition of ResMed Inc. and subsidiaries. It is provided as a supplement to, and should be read together with the selected financial data and consolidated financial statements and notes included elsewhere in this report. We are a global leader in the development, manufacturing, distribution and marketing of medical devices and cloud-based software applications that diagnose, treat and manage respiratory disorders, including SDB, COPD , neuromuscular disease and other chronic diseases. SDB includes obstructive sleep apnea and other respiratory disorders that occur during sleep. Our products and solutions are designed to improve patient quality of life, reduce the impact of chronic disease and lower healthcare costs as global healthcare systems continue to drive a shift in care from hospitals to the home and lower cost settings. Our cloud-based software digital health applications, along with our devices are designed to provide connected care to improve patient outcomes and efficiencies for our customers. Since the development of continuous positive airway pressure therapy, we have expanded our business by developing or acquiring a number of products and solutions for a broader range of respiratory disorders including technologies to be applied in medical and consumer products, ventilation devices, diagnostic products, mask systems, headgear and other accessories, dental devices, portable oxygen concentrators and cloud- based software informatics solutions to manage patient outcomes and customer and provider business processes. Our growth has been fueled by geographic expansion, our research and product development efforts, acquisitions and an increasing awareness of SDB and respiratory conditions like chronic obstructive pulmonary disease as significant health concerns. We are committed to ongoing investment in research and development and product enhancements. During fiscal year 2019 , we invested $ 180.7 million on research and development activities, which represents 6.9% of net revenues with a continued focus on the development and commercialization of new, innovative products and solutions that improve patient outcomes, create efficiencies for our customers and help physicians and providers better manage chronic disease and lower healthcare cos ts. During fiscal year 2019 , we released new products including AirFit F30, a full face mask with minimal-contact cushion, and AirFit N30i and P30i, a top-of-head connected nasal and pillow mask, respectively. Due to multiple acquisition s, including of Brightree in April 2016 , HEALTHCAREfirst in July 2018 and MatrixCare in November 2018 , our operations now include out-of-hospital software platforms designed to support the professionals and caregivers who help people stay healthy in the home or care setting of their choice. These platforms comprise our SaaS business. These products, our cloud-based remote monitoring and therapy management system, and a robust product pipeline, should continue to provide us with a strong platform for future growth. We have determined that we have two operating segments, which are the sleep and respiratory disorders sector of the medical device industry (“Sleep and Respiratory Care”) and the supply of business management software as a service to out-of-hospital health providers (“SaaS”). Net revenue in fiscal year 2019 increased to $2,606.6 million, an increase of 11% compared to fiscal year 2018 . Gross profit increased for the year ended June 30, 2019 to $1,536.6 million, from $1,362.2 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 , an increase of $174.4 million or 13% . Our net income for the year ended June 30, 2019 was $ 404.6 million or $2.80 per diluted share compared to net income of $ 315.6 million or $2.19 per diluted share for the year ended June 30, 2018 . Total operating cash flow for fiscal year 2019 was $459.1 million and at June 30, 2019 , our cash and cash equivalents totaled $147.1 million. At June 30, 2019 , our total assets were $4.1 billion and our stockholders’ equity was $2.1 billion. During fiscal year 2019 , we repurchased 200,000 shares at a cost of $22.8 million under our share repurchase program. We paid a quarterly dividend of $0.37 per share during fiscal 2019 with a total amount of $211.7 million paid to stockholders. In order to provide a framework for assessing how our underlying businesses performed, excluding the effect of foreign currency fluctuations, we provide certain financial information on a “constant currency basis”, which is in addition to the actual financial information presented. In order to calculate our constant currency information, we translate the current period financial information using the foreign currency exchange rates that were in effect during the previous comparable period. However, constant currency measures should not be considered in isolation or as an alternative to U.S. dollar measures that reflect current period exchange rates, or to other financial measures calculated and presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. - 37 - Table of Contents PART II Item 7 RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations For discussion related to the results of operations and changes in financial condition for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2018 compared to fiscal year June 30, 2017, please refer to Item 7 of Part II, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in our Annual Report for the Year Ended June 30, 2018, which was filed with the United States Securities and Exchange Commission on August 17, 2018. Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2019 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2018 Net Revenues. Net revenue for the year ended June 30, 2019 increased to $2,606.6 million from $2,340.2 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 , an increase of $266.4 million or 11% ( a 13% increase on a constant currency basis). The following table summarizes our net revenue disaggregated by segment, product and region for the year ended June 30, 2019 compared to the year ended June 30, 2018 (in millions): Year Ended June 30, 2019 2018 % Change Constant Currency* $ $ U.S., Canada and Latin America Devices Masks and other Total Sleep and Respiratory Care Software as a Service Total Combined Europe, Asia and other markets Devices Masks and other Total Sleep and Respiratory Care Global revenue Devices Masks and other Total Sleep and Respiratory Care Software as a Service Total * Constant currency numbers exclude the impact of movements in international currencies. $ $ $ $ $ $ 743.1 677.4 1,420.5 275.8 1,696.3 618.5 291.8 910.3 1,361.6 969.2 2,330.8 275.8 2,606.6 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 689.6 600.5 1,290.1 157.0 1,447.1 614.0 279.1 893.1 1,303.6 879.6 2,183.2 157.0 2,340.2 8 % 13 10 76 17 1 % 5 2 4 % 10 7 76 11 5 % 9 6 6 % 12 9 76 13 Sleep and Respiratory Care N et revenue from our Sleep and Respiratory Care business for the year ended June 30, 2019 increased to $2,330.8 million from $2,183.2 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 , an increase of $147.6 million or 7% . Movements in international currencies against the U.S. dollar negatively impacted net revenues by approximately $40.9 million for the year ended June 30, 2019 . Excluding the impact of currency movements, total net revenue from our Sleep and Respiratory Care business for the year ended June 30, 2019 increased 9% compared to the year ended June 30, 2018 . The increase in net revenue was attributable to an increase in unit sales of our devices, masks and other , partially offset by a decline in average selling prices. Net revenue from our Sleep and Respiratory Care business in the U nited S tates , Canada and Latin America for the year ended June 30, 2019 increased to $1,420.5 million from $1,290.1 million for the year ended June 30, 2017, an increase of $130.4 million or 10% . The increase is primarily due to an increase in unit sales of our devices, masks and other , partially offset by a decline in average selling prices. Net revenue from our Sleep and Respiratory Care business in markets in combined Europe, Asia and other markets increased for the year ended June 30, 2019 to $910.3 million from $893.1 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 , an increase of $17.2 million or 2% ( an increase of 6% on a constant currency basis). The constant currency increase in sales in combined Europe, Asia and other markets predominantly reflects an increase in unit sales of our masks and other and devices , partially offset by a decline in average selling prices. Net revenue from devices for the year ended June 30, 2019 increased to $1,361.6 million from $1,303.6 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 , an increase of $58.0 million or 4% , including an increase of 8% in the United States , Canada and Latin America and an increase of 1% in combined Europe, Asia and other markets ( a 5% increase on a constant currency basis). Excluding the impact of foreign currency movements, device sales for the year ended June 30, 2019 increased by 6% , - 38 - Table of Contents PART II Item 7 RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Net revenue from masks and other for the year ended June 30, 2019 increased to $969.2 million from $879.6 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 , an increase of 10% , including an increase of 13% in the United States , Canada and Latin America and an increase of 5% in combined Europe, Asia and other markets ( a 9% increase on a constant currency basis). Excluding the impact of foreign currency movements , masks and other sales increased by 12% , compared to the year ended June 30, 2018 . Software as a Service Net revenue from our SaaS business f or the year ended June 30, 2019 wa s $275.8 million , compared to $157.0 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 , an increase of $118.8 million or 76% . The increase was predominantly due to our acquisitions of MatrixCare and H EALTHCAREf irst, which were acquired on November 13, 2018 and July 6, 2018, respectively, and MatrixCare contributed $ 79.2 million in net revenue for the year ended June 30, 2019 . Gross Profit. Gross profit increased for the year ended June 30, 2019 to $1,536.6 million from $1,362.2 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 , an increase of $174.4 million or 13% . Gross profit as a percentage of net revenue was 59.0% for the year ended June 30, 2019 , compared with the 58.2% for the year ended June 30, 2018 . The increase i n gross margin was due primarily to manufacturing and procurement efficiencies, favorable impact from our MatrixCare acquisition, and favorable product mix, partially offset by declines in average selling prices. Selling, General and Administrative Expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses increased for the year ended June 30, 2019 to $645.0 million from $600.4 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 , an increase of $44.6 million or 7% . The selling, general and administrative expenses, as reported in U.S. dollars, were favorably impacted by the movement of international currencies against the U.S. dollar, which decreased our expenses by approximately $20.3 million. Excluding the impact of foreign currency movements, selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended June 30, 2019 increased by 11% compared to the year ended June 30, 2018 . As a percentage of net revenue, selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended June 30, 2019 improved to 24.7% compared to 25.7% for the year ended June 30, 2018 . The constant currency increase in selling, general and administrative expenses was primarily due to additional expenses associated with the consolidation of recent acquisitions. Excluding the incremental selling, general and administrative expenses attributed to our recent acquisitions, selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended June 30, 2019 increased by 4 % in constant currency terms. Research and Development Expenses. Research and development expenses increased for the year ended June 30, 2019 to $180.7 million from $155.1 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 , an increase of $25.5 million or 16% . The research and development expenses were favorably impacted by the movement of international currencies against the U.S. dollar, which decreased our expenses by approximately $6.1 million, as reported in U.S. dollars. Excluding the impact of foreign currency movements, research and development expenses for the year ended June 30, 2019 increased by 20% compared to the year ended June 30, 2018 . As a percentage of net revenue, research and development expenses were 6.9% for the year ended June 30, 2019 compared to 6.6% for the year ended June 30, 2018 . The constant currency increase in research and development expenses was primarily due to additional expenses associated with the consolidation of recent acquisitions. Excluding the incremental research and development expenses attributed to our recent acquisitions, research and development expenses for the year ended June 30, 2019 increased by 4% in constant currency terms. Amortization of Acquired Intangible Assets. Amortization of acquired intangible assets for the year ended June 30, 2019 totaled $ 74.9 million compared to $46.4 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 . The increase in amortization expense was attribut able to our recent acquisitions . Restructuring expenses. During the year ended June 30, 2019 , we incurred restructuring expenses of $ 9.4 million associated with the reorganization , rationalization and relocation of some of our research and development and SaaS operations including the closure of our German research and development site. We recorded the full amount of $9.4 million during the year ended June 30, 2019 , within our operating expenses , which was separately disclosed as restructuring expenses and had $5 . 4 million remaining in our accruals at year end . The restructuring expenses consisted primarily of severance payments to employees and contract exit costs associated with several impacted sites . - 39 - Table of Contents PART II Item 7 RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations During the year ended June 30, 2018 , we incurred restructuring expenses of $ 18.4 million associated with a global strategic workforce planning review, which resulted in a reduction in headcount across most of our functions and locations and closure of our Paris site. We recorded the full amount of $18.4 million during the year ended June 30, 2018, within our operating expenses , which was separately disclosed as restructuring expenses and had $1.5 million remaining in our employee related costs accrual at year end. The restructuring expenses consisted primarily of severance payments to employees and the remaining expense relating to legal and consulting services associated with the completion of the employee severances and contract exit costs associated with the Paris site. Litigation Settlement Expenses. During the year ended June 30, 2019 we recognized litigation settlement expenses of $41.2 million on account of a tentative agreement with the Office of Inspector General to resolve an ongoing investigation by the government into certain of our product offerings. The tentative agreement includes payment by us of $39.5 million, and we expect to also incur additional fees and administrative costs that typically accompany such a resolution. However, we have not yet completed negotiations, and there can be no assurance as to whether or when the parties will finalize any such negotiated resolution or what the final terms of such a resolution will be . Total Other Income (Loss), Net. Total other income (loss), net for the year ended June 30, 2019 was a loss of $60.4 million, compared with a loss of $ 20.5 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 . The change was due primarily to an increase in interest expense to $36.2 million and a decrease in interest income to $2.3 million for the year ended June 30, 2019 compared to interest expense of $28.4 million and interest income of $16.4 million for the year ended June 30, 2018. We also recorded losses attributable to equity method i nvestments and impairments of equity investments for the year ended June 30, 2019 of $15.8 million and $15.0 million respectively, compared to $0.0 million and $11.6 million for the year ended June 30, 2018. The losses attributable to equity method investments relate to our joint venture with Verily whereby we recognize our share of the joint venture’s losses. Income Taxes. Our effective income tax rate de creased to 22.0% for the year ended June 30, 2019 from 39.5% for the year ended June 30, 2018 . On December 22, 2017, the SEC issued guidance under Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act directing taxpayers to consider the impact of the U.S. legislation as “provisional” when it does not have the necessary information available, prepared or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete its accounting for the change in tax law. Effective December 31, 2018, the accounting relating to the impact of the U.S. Tax Act was no longer considered provisional. However, further adjustments could be required as a result of future legislation, amended tax returns, or tax examinations of the years impacted by the calculation. We recorded additional tax expense associated with changes in the U.S. Tax Act of $6.7 million and $138.0 million during the years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively . Our effective income tax rate was affected by the geographic mix of our earnings. Our Singapore operations operate under certain tax holidays and tax incentive programs that will expire in whole or in part at various dates through June 30, 2030. As a result of the U.S. Tax Act , we treated all non-U.S. historical earnings as taxable during the year ended June 30, 2018. Therefore, future repatriation of cash held by our non- U.S. subsidiaries will generally not be subject to U.S. federal tax, if repatriated. Finally, in connection with the audit by the ATO for the tax years 2009 to 2013, we received Notices of Amended Assessments in March 2018. Based on these assessments, the ATO asserted that we owe $151.7 million in additional income tax and $38.4 million in accrued interest, of which $75.9 million was paid in April 2018 under a payment arrangement with the ATO. At September 30, 2018, we have recorded a receivable in prepaid taxes and other non-current assets for the amount paid as we ultimately expect this will be refunded by the ATO. In June 2018, we received a notice from the ATO claiming penalties of 50% of the additional income tax that was assessed or $75.9 million. We do not agree with the ATO’s assessments and continue to believe we are more likely than not to be successful in defending our position. The ATO is currently audit ing tax years 2014 to 2017 , and we have also been notified by the ATO that they intend to audit tax year 2018. Net Income and Earnings per Share. As a result of the factors above, our net income for the year ended June 30, 2019 was $404.6 million compared to net income of $315.6 million for the year ended June 30, 2018 . Our earnings per diluted share for the year ended June 30, 2019 was $2.80 compared to $2.19 for the year ended June 30, 2018 , an increase of 28% . - 40 - Table of Contents PART II Item 7 RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Liquidity and Capital Resources As of June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , we had cash and cash equivalents of $147.1 million and $188.7 million, respectively. Working capital was $589.4 million and $554.5 million, at June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , respectively. As of June 30, 2019 we had $1.3 billion of borrowings under our credit facility agreement as compared to $0.3 billion at June 30, 2018 . As of June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , our cash and cash equivalent balances held within the United States amounted to $33.6 million and $36.9 million, respectively. Our remaining cash and cash equivalent balances at June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , of $113.5 million and $151.8 million, respectively, were held by our non-U.S. subsidiaries. Our cash and cash equivalent balances are held at highly rated financial institutions. We repatriated $0.4 billion and $1.4 billion to the United States during the years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 , respectively, from earnings generated in each of those years. The amount of the current year foreign earnings that we have repatriated to the United States in the past has been determined, and the amount that we expect to repatriate during fiscal year 2020 will be determined, based on a variety of factors, including current year earnings of our foreign subsidiaries, foreign investment needs and the cash flow needs we have in the United States, such as for the repayment of debt, dividend distributions, and other domest ic obligations. During the year ended June 30, 2018, as a result of the U.S. Tax Act, we treated all non-U.S. historical earnings as taxable, which resulted in additional tax expense of $126.9 million which was payable over the proceeding eight years. Therefore, future repatriation of cash held by our non-U.S. subsidiaries will generally not be subject to U.S. federal tax if repatriated. On June 14, 2019, the U.S. Treasury Department issued final and temporary regulations relating to the repatriation of non-U.S. earnings. As a result, in the event our non-U.S. earnings had not been permanently reinvested, deferred taxes of approximately $201.6 million in U.S. federal deferred tax and $5.2 million in U.S. state deferred taxes would have been recognized in the consolidated financial statements. Inventories at June 30, 2019 were $349.6 million, an increase of $80.9 or 30% over the balance at June 30, 2018 of $268.7 million. The increase in inventories was required primarily to support our revenue growth and new product introductions. Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts, at June 30, 2019 were $528.5 million, an increase of $ 44.8 million or 9% over the June 30, 2018 accounts receivable balance of $483.7 million. Accounts receivable days’ sales outstanding of 67 days at June 30, 2019 decreased by 2 days compared to 69 days at June 30, 2018 . Our allowance for doubtful accounts as a percentage of total accounts receivable at June 30, 2019 and 2018 was 4.5% and 3.8% , respectively. During the year ended June 30, 2019 , we generated cash of $459.1 million from operations. This was lower than the cash generated from operations for the year ended June 30, 2018 of $505.0 million, which was primarily due to the increase in inventories and the increase in tax payments, which increased to $242.9 million during the year ended June 30, 2019 from $170.7 million during the year ended June 30, 2018 . Movements in foreign currency exchange rates during the year ended June 30, 2019 had the effect of decreasing our cash and cash equivalents by $5.6 million, as reported in U.S. dollars. During the year ended June 30, 2019, we paid $951.4 million associated with business acquisitions, net of cash acquired, compared to $0.9 million during the year ended June 30, 2018. These acquisitions were primarily funded by using our credit facility. During the year ended June 30, 2019 , we repurchased 200,000 shares at a cost of $22.8 million and during the year ended June 30, 2018, we repurchased 550,000 shares at a cost of $53.8 million under our share repurchase program. During fiscal years 2019 and 2018 , we also paid dividends totaling $211.7 million and $199.5 million, respectively. Details of contractual obligations at June 30, 2019 are as follows (in thousands): In $000’s Debt Interest on debt Operating leases Purchase obligations Total Total 1,274,012 165,008 98,013 292,076 1,829,109 $ $ 2022 Payments Due by June 30, 2023 1,238,000 35,414 9,478 - 12,000 42,792 12,403 - 67,195 $ 1,282,892 $ 12,012 43,182 17,161 1,054 73,409 $ 2024 Thereafter - - 7,916 - 7,916 $ - - 27,555 - 27,555 2020 2021 12,000 43,620 23,500 291,022 370,142 $ - 41 - Table of Contents PART II Item 7 RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Details of other commercial commitments at June 30, 2019 are as follows (in thousands): In $000’s Standby letter of credit Guarantees* Total Total 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Thereafter $ $ 10,581 $ 6,830 17,411 $ 3,816 $ 168 3,984 $ - $ 41 41 $ 11 $ 17 28 $ 47 $ 25 72 $ - $ 2 2 $ 6,707 6,577 13,284 Amount of Commitment Expiration Per Period *These guarantees mainly relate to requirements under contractual obligations with insurance companies transacting with our German subsidiaries and guarantees provided under our facility leasing obligations. Refer to Note 19 - Legal Actions and Contingencies of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Part II, Item 8) for details of our contingent obligations under recourse provisions. Segment Information We have determined that we have two operating segments, which are the Sleep and Respiratory Care segment and the SaaS segment. However, prior to the three months ended December 31, 2018, we had previously determined the SaaS segment was not material to our global operations in terms of revenue and profit, and therefore this had not been separately reported as a segment. Following our recent acquisitions, we have quantitatively and qualitatively reassessed our segment reporting and determined the SaaS segment is material to the group. See Note 15 – Segment Information of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (Part II, Item 8) for financial information regarding segment reporting. Financial information about our revenues from and assets located in foreign countries is also included in the notes to the consolidated financial statements included in this report. Credit Facility On April 17, 2018, we entered into an amended and restated credit agreement, or the Revolving Credit Agreement, as borrower, with lenders MUFG Union Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, joint lead arranger, joint book runner, swing line lender and letter of credit issuer, and Westpac Banking Corporation, as syndication agent, joint lead arranger and joint book runner. The Revolving Credit Agreement, among other things, provided a senior unsecured revolving credit facility of $800.0 million, with an uncommitted option to increase the revolving credit facility by an additional $300.0 million. Additionally, on April 17, 2018, ResMed Limited entered into a syndicated facility agreement, or the Term Credit Agreement, as borrower, with lenders MUFG Union Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, joint lead arranger and joint book runner, and Westpac Banking Corporation, as syndication agent, joint lead arranger and joint book runner. The Term Credit Agreement, among other things, provides ResMed Limited a senior unsecured term credit facility of $200.0 million. On November 5, 2018, we entered into a first amendment to the Revolving Credit Agreement to, among other things, increase the size of our senior unsecured revolving credit facility from $800.0 million to $1.6 billion, with an uncommitted option to increase the revolving credit facility by an additional $300.0 million. Our obligations under the Revolving Credit Agreement are guaranteed by certain of our direct and indirect U.S. subsidiaries, and ResMed Limited’s obligations under the Term Credit Agreement are guaranteed by us and certain of our direct and indirect U.S. subsidiaries. The Revolving Credit Agreement and Term Credit Agreement contain customary covenants, including, in each case, a financial covenant that requires that we maintain a maximum leverage ratio of funded debt to EBITDA (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement and Term Credit Agreement, as applicable). The entire principal amounts of the revolving credit facility and term credit facility, and, in each case, any accrued but unpaid interest may be declared immediately due and payable if an event of default occurs, as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement and the Term Credit Agreement, as applicable. Events of default under the Revolving Credit Agreement and the Term Credit Agreement include, in each case, failure to make payments when due, the occurrence of a default in the performance of any covenants in the respective agreements or related documents, or certain changes of control of us, or the respective guarantors of the obligations borrowed under the Revolving Credit Agreement and Term Credit Agreement. - 42 - Table of Contents PART II Item 7 RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations The Revolving Credit Agreement and Term Credit Agreement each terminate on April 17, 2023, when all unpaid principal and interest under the loans must be repaid. Amounts borrowed under the Term Credit Agreement will also amortize on a semi-annual basis, with a $6.0 million principal payment required on each such semi-annual amortization date. The outstanding principal amounts will bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR plus 0.75% to 1.50% (depending on the then-applicable leverage ratio) or the Base Rate (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement and the Term Credit Agreement, as applicable) plus 0.0% to 0.50% (depending on the then-applicable leverage ratio). At June 30, 2019, the interest rate that was being charged on the outstanding principal amounts was 3.4%. An applicable commitment fee of 0.100% to 0.175% (depending on the then-applicable leverage ratio) applies on the unused portion of the revolving credit facility. At June 30, 2019, we were in compliance with our debt covenants and there was $1,274.0 million outstanding under the Revolving Credit Agreement and Term Credit Agreement. We expect to satisfy all of our liquidity and long-term debt requirements through a combination of cash on hand, cash generated from operations and debt facilities. Senior Notes On July 10, 2019, we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement with the purchasers to that agreement, in connection with the issuance and sale of $250 .0 million principal amount of our 3.24% senior notes due July 10, 2026, and $250 .0 million principal amount of our 3.45% senior notes due July 10, 2029 . Our obligations under the Note Purchase Agreement and the Notes are unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed by certain of our direct and indirect U.S. subsidiaries, including ResMed Corp., ResMed Motor Technologies Inc., Birdie Inc., Inova Labs, Inc., Brightree LLC, Brightree Home Health & Hospice LLC, Brightree Patient Collections LLC, ResMed Operations Inc., HEALTHCAREfirst Holding Company, HCF Holdco Company, HEALTHCAREfirst, Inc., CareFacts Information Systems, LLC and Lewis Computer Services, LLC, MatrixCare Holdings Inc., MatrixCare, Inc., Reciprocal Labs Corporation and ResMed SaaS Inc., under a Subsidiary Guaranty Agreement dated as of July 10, 2019. The net proceeds from this transaction were used to pay down borrowings on our Revolving C redit Agreement. Under the terms of the Note Purchase Agreement, we agreed to customary covenants including with respect to our corporate existence, transactions with affiliates, and mergers and other extraordinary transactions. We also agreed that, subject to limited exceptions, we will maintain a ratio of consolidated funded debt to consolidated EBITDA of no more than 3.50 to 1.00 as of the last day of any fiscal quarter, and will not at any time permit the amount of all secured and unsecured debt of us and our subsidiaries to exceed 10% of our consolidated tangible assets, determined as of the end of our most recently ended fiscal quarter. We expect to satisfy all of our liquidity and long-term debt requirements through a combination of cash on hand, cash generated from operations and debt facilities. Critical Accounting Principles and Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect our reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities. We evaluate our estimates on an ongoing basis, including those estimates related to allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory adjustments, warranty obligations, goodwill, impaired assets, intangible assets, income taxes, deferred tax valuation allowances and stock-based compensation costs. We state these accounting policies in the notes to the consolidated financial statements and at relevant sections in this discussion and analysis. The estimates are based on the information that is currently available to us and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could vary from those estimates under different assumptions or conditions. - 43 - Table of Contents PART II Item 7 RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations We believe that the following critical accounting policies affect the more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements: (1) Valuation of Goodwill, Intangible and Other Long-Lived Assets. We make assumptions in establishing the carrying value, fair value and estimated lives of our goodwill, intangibles and other long-lived assets. Our goodwill impairment tests are performed at our reporting unit level, which is one level below our operating segments. The criteria used for these evaluations include management’s estimate of the asset’s continuing ability to generate positive income from operations and positive cash flow in future periods compared to the carrying value of the asset, as well as the strategic significance of any identifiable intangible asset in our business objectives. If assets are considered to be impaired, we recognize as impairment the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds their fair value. We base useful lives and related amortization or depreciation expense on our estimate of the period that the assets will generate revenues or otherwise be used by us. Factors that would influence the likelihood of a material change in our reported results include significant changes in the asset’s ability to generate positive cash flow, loss of legal ownership or title to the asset, a significant decline in the economic and competitive environment on which the asset depends, significant changes in our strategic business objectives, utilization of the asset, and a significant change in the economic and/or political conditions in certain countries. We conduct an annual review for goodwill impairment at our reporting unit level, which is one level below our operating segments. Our goodwill impairment review involves the following steps: Step 0 or Qualitative assessment – Evaluate qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. The factors we consider include, but are not limited to, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance or events-specific to that reporting unit. If or when we determine it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, including goodwill, we would move to Step 1 of the quantitative method. Step 1 – Compare the fair value for each reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. Fair value is determined based on estimated discounted cash flows. If the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, we would proceed to Step 2. If a reporting unit’s fair value exceeds the carrying value, no further work is performed and no impairment charge is necessary. Step 2 – Allocate the fair value of the reporting unit to its identifiable tangible and non-goodwill intangible assets and liabilities. This will derive an implied fair value for the goodwill. Then, compare the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill is greater than the implied fair value of its goodwill, an impairment loss must be recognized for the excess. (2) Income Tax. We assess our income tax positions and record tax benefits for all years subject to audit based upon management’s evaluation of the facts, circumstances and information available at the reporting date. If we determine that it is not more likely than not that we would be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax assets in the future, an adjustment to the deferred tax assets would be charged to income tax expense in the period such determination is made. Alternatively, if we determine that it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax assets would be realized, any previously provided valuation allowance is reversed. These changes to the valuation allowance and resulting increases or decreases in income tax expense may have a material effect on our operating results. Our income tax returns are based on calculations and assumptions subject to audit by various tax authorities. In addition, the calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws. Although currently immaterial, we recognize liabilities for uncertain tax positions based on a two-step process. The first step is to evaluate the tax position for recognition by determining if the weight of available evidence indicates that it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, including resolution of related appeals or litigation processes, if any. The second step is to measure the tax benefit as the largest amount that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement. While we believe we have appropriate support for the positions taken on our tax returns, we regularly assess the potential outcomes of examinations by tax authorities in determining the adequacy of our provision for income taxes. Based on our regular assessment, we may adjust the income tax provision, income taxes payable and deferred taxes in the period in which the facts that give rise to a revision become known. In connection with the audit by the ATO for the tax years 2009 to 2013, we received Notices of Amended Assessments in March 2018. Based on these assessments, the ATO asserted that we owe $151.7 million in additional income tax and $38.4 million in accrued interest, of which $75.9 million was paid in April 2018 under a payment arrangement with the ATO. In June 2018, we received a notice from the ATO claiming penalties of 50% of the additional income tax that was assessed or $75.9 million. The ATO is currently auditing tax years 2014 to 2017, and we have also been notified by the ATO that they intend to audit tax year 2018. We do not agree with the ATO’s assessments and continue to believe we are more likely than not to be successful in defending our position. - 44 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Item 7 (3) Revenue Recognition. We have determined that we have two operating segments, which are the sleep and respiratory disorders sector of the medical device industry (“Sleep and Respiratory Care”) and the supply of business management software as a service to out-of-hospital health providers (“SaaS”). For products in our Sleep and Respiratory Care business, we transfer control and recognize a sale when products are shipped to the customer in accordance with the contractual shipping terms. For our SaaS business, revenue associated with professional services are recognized as they are provided. We defer the recognition of a portion of the consideration received when performance obligations are not yet satisfied. Consideration received from customers in advance of revenue recognition is classified as deferred revenue. Performance obligations resulting in deferred revenue in our Sleep and Respiratory Care business relate primarily to extended warranties on our devices and the provision of data for patient monitoring. Performance obligations resulting in deferred revenue in our SaaS business relate primarily to the provision of software access with maintenance and support over an agreed term and material rights associated with future discounts upon renewal of some SaaS contracts. Generally, deferred revenue will be recognized over a period of one to five years. Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. In our Sleep and Respiratory Care business , the amount of consideration received and revenue recognized varies with changes in marketing incentives (e.g., rebates, discounts, free goods) and returns offered to customers and their customers. In accounting for these rebate programs, we reduce revenue ratably as sales occur over the rebate period by the expected value of the rebates to be returned to the customer. We also recognize discount on products as a reduction to revenue when control is transferred. We adjust the estimate of revenue for the impact of returned items at the earlier of when the most likely amount of consideration can be estimated, the amount expected to be received changes, or when the consideration becomes fixed. However, returns of products, excluding warranty-related returns, are infrequent and insignificant. Many of our Sleep and Respiratory Care contracts have a single performance obligation which is the shipment of our therapy-based equipment. However, when the Sleep and Respiratory Care or SaaS contract has multiple performance obligations, we generally use an observable price to determine the stand-alone selling price by reference to pricing and discounting practices for the specific product or service when sold separately to similar customers. Revenue is then allocated proportionately, based on the determined stand-alone selling price, to the performance obligation. We include shipping and handling associated with our Sleep and Respiratory Care business within cost of sales, and record shipping and handling costs collected from customers in net revenue. Taxes assessed by government authorities that are imposed on and concurrent with revenue-producing transactions, such as sales and value added taxes, are excluded from revenue. Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements See Note 3 – New Accounting Pronouncements of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Part II, Item 8) for a description of recently issued accounting pronouncements, including the expected dates of adoption and estimated effects on our results of operations, financial positions and cash flows. Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements As of June 30, 2019 , we are not involved in any significant off-balance sheet arrangements, as defined in Item 303(a)(4)(ii) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the SEC. - 45 - Table of Contents PART II Item 7A RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market and Business Risks ITEM 7A QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET AND BUSINESS RISKS Foreign Currency Market Risk Our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar, although the financial statements of our non-U.S. subsidiaries are maintained in their respective local currencies. We transact business in various foreign currencies, including a number of major European currencies as well as the Australian dollar. We have significant foreign currency exposure through both our Australian and Singapore manufacturing activities and international sales operations. We have established a foreign currency hedging program using purchased currency options and forward contracts to hedge foreign- currency-denominated financial assets, liabilities and manufacturing cash flows. The goal of this hedging program is to economically manage the financial impact of foreign currency exposures predominantly denominated in euros, Australian dollars and Singapore dollars. Under this program, increases or decreases in our foreign-currency-denominated financial assets, liabilities, and firm commitments are partially offset by gains and losses on the hedging instruments. We do not enter into financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. The foreign currency derivatives portfolio is recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value and included in Other assets current, Other assets non- current, Accrued expenses and Other liabilities non-current. All movements in the fair value of the foreign currency derivatives are recorded within Other income, net, on our consolidated statements of income. The table below provides information (in U.S. dollars) on our significant foreign-currency-denominated financial assets by legal entity functional currency as of June 30, 2019 (in thousands): AUD Functional: Assets Liability Foreign Currency Hedges Net Total USD Functional: Assets Liability Foreign Currency Hedges Net Total SGD Functional: Assets Liability Foreign Currency Hedges Net Total U.S. Dollar (USD) 357,708 (249,136) (75,000) 33,572 - - - - 364,750 (211,493) (173,000) (19,743) Euro (EUR) 141,544 (109,400) (28,425) 3,719 - - - - 172,093 (56,513) (113,699) 1,881 Canadian Dollar (CAD) Chinese Yuan (CNY) - - - - 17,941 (5,109) (15,276) (2,444) - - - - 30,930 (3,789) (23,304) 3,837 - - - - 13 (1) - 12 - 46 - Table of Contents PART II Item 7A RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market and Business Risks The table below provides information about our foreign currency derivative financial instruments and presents the information in U.S. dollar equivalents. The table summarizes information on instruments and transactions that are sensitive to foreign currency exchange rates, including foreign currency call options, collars and forward contracts held at June 30, 2019 . The table presents the notional amounts and weighted average exchange rates by contractual maturity dates for our foreign currency derivative financial instruments. These notional amounts generally are used to calculate payments to be exchanged under the options contracts (in thousands, except exchange rates): Foreign Exchange Contracts AUD/USD Contract amount Ave. contractual exchange rate AUD/Euro Contract amount Ave. contractual exchange rate SGD/Euro Contract amount Ave. contractual exchange rate SGD/USD Contract amount Ave. contractual exchange rate AUD/CNY Contract amount Ave. contractual exchange rate USD/CAD Contract amount Ave. contractual exchange rate Interest Rate Risk Year 1 75,000 AUD 1 = USD 0.7005 73,904 AUD 1 = Euro 0.6376 113,699 SGD 1 = Euro 0.6498 173,000 SGD 1 = USD 0.7390 23,304 AUD 1 = CNY 4.8950 15,276 USD 1 = CAD 1.3148 Year 2 - 22,740 AUD 1 = Euro 0.6330 - - - - Total 75,000 AUD 1 = USD 0.7005 96,644 AUD 1 = Euro 0.6365 113,699 SGD 1 = Euro 0.6498 173,000 SGD 1 = USD 0.7390 23,304 AUD 1 = CNY 4.8950 15,276 USD 1 = CAD 1.3148 Fair Value Assets / (Liabilities) June 30, June 30, 2018 2019 202 (140) (124) (1,286) 40 71 (15) (66) (939) (309) (17) (8) We are exposed to risk associated with changes in interest rates affecting the return on our cash and cash equivalents and debt. At June 30, 2019 , we held cash and cash equivalents of $147.1 million principally comprising of bank term deposits and at-call accounts and are invested at both short-term fixed interest rates and variable interest rates. At June 30, 2019 , there was $1,270.9 million outstanding under the revolving credit and term loan facilities, which were subject to variable interest rates. A hypothetical 10% change in interest rates during the year ended June 30, 2019 , would not have had a material impact on pretax income. We have no interest rate hedging agreements. On July 10, 2019, we entered into the Note Purchase Agreement with the purchasers to that agreement, in connection with the issuance and sale of $250 .0 million principal amount of our 3.24% senior notes due July 10, 2026, and $250 .0 million principal amount of our 3.45% senior notes due July 10, 2029 . The interest rate on these notes is fixed and not subject to fluctuation. Proceeds from the issuance and sale of the notes were used to repay borrowings under the revolving credit facility . - 47 - Table of Contents PART II ITEM 8 CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Item 8 The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the financial statements set forth in Item 15 of Part IV of this report, “Exhibits and Consolidated Financial Statement Schedules.” (a) Index to Consolidated Financial Statements Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2019 and 2018 Consolidated Statements of Income for the years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Schedule II – Valuation and Qualifying Accounts and Reserves (b) Supplementary Data 49 52 53 54 55 56 57 80 Quarterly Financial Information (unaudited)—The quarterly results for the years ended June 30, 2019 and 2018 are summarized below (in thousands, except per share amounts): 2019 Net revenue Gross profit Net income Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share 2018 Net revenue Gross profit Net income Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share First Quarter Second Quarter Third Quarter Fourth Quarter Fiscal Year $ $ $ $ 588,279 343,093 105,737 0.74 0.73 First Quarter 523,659 305,605 86,125 0.61 0.60 $ $ 651,100 383,731 124,639 0.87 0.86 Second Quarter 601,273 349,792 9,527 0.07 0.07 $ $ 662,228 391,910 105,417 0.74 0.73 Third Quarter 591,634 344,295 110,125 0.77 0.76 $ $ 704,964 417,850 68,797 0.48 0.48 Fourth Quarter 623,631 362,472 109,812 0.77 0.76 2,606,572 1,536,585 404,592 2.83 2.80 Fiscal Year 2,340,196 1,362,164 315,588 2.21 2.19 Note: the amounts for each quarter are computed independently, and, due to the computation formula, the sum of the four quarters may not equal the year. - 48 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Item 8 To the Stockholders and Board of Directors ResMed Inc.: Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of ResMed Inc. and subsidiaries (the Company) as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three ‑year period ended June 30, 2019, and the related notes and financial statement schedule II (collectively, the consolidated financial statements). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the three ‑year period ended June 30, 2019, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission, and our report dated August 7, 2019 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. Basis for Opinion These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. Critical Audit Matters The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate. Determination and evaluation of goodwill triggering events As discussed in Notes 1(g) and 6 to the consolidated financial statements, the carrying amount of goodwill as of June 30, 2019 was $1,856 million. The Company performs goodwill impairment testing on an annual basis and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of a reporting unit, including goodwill, might exceed the fair value of the reporting unit. In the current year, the Company only performed - 49 - Table of Contents PART II Item 8 RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES qualitative, or Step 0, assessments to determine whether there was a greater than 50 percent likelihood that the fair value of each reporting unit was less than its carrying value. We identified the determination and evaluation of goodwill triggering events as a critical audit matter because such events indicate possible impairment of goodwill, which required the application of greater auditor judgment. Potential triggering events, such as the recent acquisitions, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, historical and forecasted financial results, market capitalization and events specific to the entity and reporting units, required a higher degree of auditor judgment to evaluate. These possible triggering events could have a significant effect on the Company’s Step 0 assessment and the determination of whether further quantitative analysis of goodwill impairment was required. The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included the following. We tested certain internal controls over the Company’s goodwill impairment assessment process, including a control related to the Company’s assessment of possible goodwill triggering events. We evaluated the Company’s Step 0 assessment for its reporting units by: Considering macroeconomic indicators such as gross domestic product and inflation by key regions around the world; · · Evaluating information from analyst reports in the enterprise software and sleep and respiratory care industries, which are compared to industry and market considerations used by the Company; and Analyzing cost factors, financial performance of the reporting units, the Company’s market capitalization and other entity and reporting-unit specific events. Evaluation of acquisition-date fair value of customer relationships and developed technology intangible assets As discussed in Note 21 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company acquired MatrixCare Inc. (MatrixCare) on November 13, 2018 for a total purchase price of $612.4 million, which is net of cash acquired and debt assumed. In connection with the transaction, the Company recorded customer relationships and developed technology intangible assets relating to both existing as well as potential new products and services to be developed in the future (collectively, the intangible assets). The acquisition-date fair value for the intangible assets was $265.0 million as of June 30, 2019. We identified the evaluation of the acquisition-date fair value of the intangible assets acquired in the MatrixCare transaction as a critical audit matter. This critical audit matter required a high degree of subjectivity in determining the weighting of the valuation methods used to calculate the fair value of the intangible assets. Further, the discounted cash flow model included the following internally-developed assumptions for which there was limited observable market information, and the calculated fair value of such assets was sensitive to possible changes to these key assumptions: Forecasted revenue growth rates Estimated annual customer attrition rate Forecasted earnings before interest, tax, depreciation, and amortization (EBITDA) margins · · · · Weighted-average cost of capital (WACC), including the discount rate The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included the following. We tested certain internal controls over the Company’s acquisition-date valuation process, including controls over the development of the key assumptions. We evaluated the Company’s forecasted revenue growth rates for existing customers by comparing forecasted growth assumptions to those of MatrixCare’s peers and industry reports. We compared the Company’s (1) forecasted revenue growth rates and EBITDA margins to MatrixCare’s historical actual results to assess MatrixCare’s ability to accurately forecast and (2) forecasted annual customer attrition rate to the Company’s historical SaaS customer attrition data. In addition, we involved valuation professionals with specialized skills and knowledge, who assisted in: · Evaluating the valuation approach and weighting of valuation methods used by the Company to calculate the fair value of the intangible assets; - 50 - Table of Contents PART II Item 8 RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES · · Evaluating the Company’s discount rate, by comparing it against a discount rate range that was independently developed using publicly available market data for comparable peers; Assessing the Company’s WACC calculation, by comparing it against an independently estimated WACC range based on inputs obtained through published surveys and studies; and Evaluation of uncertain tax positions related to Australian Tax Office audits As discussed in Notes 14 and 19 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company’s tax filings in Australia for the years 2009 through 2017 are under audit by the Australian Tax Office (ATO). The Company has been assessed $266.0 million of additional income tax, penalties, and interest for tax years 2009 through 2013 in connection with this tax audit. Certain of these amounts have been paid by the Company to the ATO. However, the Company has not recorded any expense relating to the ongoing audit, or these assessments, as the Company believes it is more likely than not (more than a 50% likelihood) that its tax positions will be upheld. We identified the evaluation of the Company’s assertion that it is more likely than not that its tax positions currently under audit by the ATO will be upheld as a critical audit matter. This critical audit matter required challenging auditor judgment due to the nature and the subjectivity of the applicable tax rules and regulations. The primary procedures we performed to address this critical audit matter included the following. We tested certain internal controls over the Company’s process relating to uncertain tax positions, including controls over the Australian tax calculation and assessment of uncertain tax positions. In addition, we involved tax professionals with specialized skills and knowledge of Australian tax laws, who assisted by: · · · Reading formal notices and assessments, and other correspondence received by the Company from the ATO in connection with the audit, as well as responses and information the Company submitted to the ATO in response to its requests for information; Evaluating the Company’s analysis and conclusions regarding its assertion, which included an assessment of the Company’s analysis of Australian tax laws and regulations related to the specific audit findings, and an evaluation of the facts, assumptions, and representations made; and Reading legal opinions obtained by the Company from third parties, and inquiring of third-party legal counsel about the likelihood of the Company’s tax position being ultimately upheld. We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1994. San Diego, California August 7, 2019 - 51 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Balance Sheets June 30, 2019 and 2018 (In thousands, except share and per share data) Assets Current assets: Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $25,171 and $19,258 at June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively Inventories (note 4) Prepaid expenses and other current assets Total current assets Non-current assets: Property, plant and equipment, net (note 5) Goodwill (note 6) Other intangible assets, net (note 6) Deferred income taxes Prepaid taxes and other non-current assets Total non-current assets Total assets Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity Current liabilities: Accounts payable Accrued expenses (note 8) Deferred revenue Income taxes payable (note 14) Short-term debt, net (note 10) Total current liabilities Non-current liabilities: Deferred revenue Deferred income taxes Other long-term liabilities Long-term debt, net (note 10) Long-term income taxes payable (note 14) Total non-current liabilities Total liabilities Commitments and contingencies (note 18 and 19) Stockholders’ equity: (note 11) Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 2,000,000 shares authorized; none issued Common stock, $0.004 par value, 350,000,000 shares authorized; 185,491,064 issued and 143,654,830 outstanding at June 30, 2019 and 184,315,866 issued and 142,679,632 outstanding at June 30, 2018 Additional paid-in capital Retained earnings Treasury stock, at cost, 41,836,234 shares at June 30, 2019 and 41,636,234 shares at June 30, 2018 Accumulated other comprehensive loss Total stockholders’ equity Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. - 52 - Item 8 June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 $ 147,128 $ $ $ 528,484 349,641 120,113 1,145,366 387,460 1,856,449 521,950 45,478 150,979 2,962,316 4,107,682 115,725 266,359 88,667 73,248 11,992 555,991 81,143 11,380 2,058 1,258,861 126,056 1,479,498 2,035,489 - 575 1,511,473 2,436,410 (1,623,256) (253,009) 2,072,193 4,107,682 $ $ $ $ 188,701 483,681 268,701 124,634 1,065,717 386,550 1,068,944 215,184 53,818 273,710 1,998,206 3,063,923 92,723 185,805 60,828 160,427 11,466 511,249 71,596 13,084 924 269,988 138,102 493,694 1,004,943 - 571 1,450,821 2,432,328 (1,600,412) (224,328) 2,058,980 3,063,923 Table of Contents PART II Item 8 RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Income Years Ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (In thousands, except per share data) Net revenue Cost of sales (excluding amortization of acquired intangible assets) Gross profit Operating expenses: Selling, general and administrative Research and development Amortization of acquired intangible assets Restructuring expenses (note 2 2 ) Litigation settlement expenses (note 2 3 ) Acquisition related expenses (note 21) Total operating expenses Income from operations Other income (loss), net: Interest income Interest expense Loss attributable to equity method investments (note 7) Other, net Total other income (loss), net Income before income taxes Income taxes Net income Basic earnings per share (note 12) Diluted earnings per share (note 12) Dividend declared per share Basic shares outstanding (000's) Diluted shares outstanding (000's) $ $ $ $ $ June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017 $ 2,606,572 1,069,987 1,536,585 $ 2,340,196 978,032 1,362,164 2,066,737 864,992 1,201,745 645,010 180,651 74,938 9,401 41,199 6,123 957,322 579,263 2,299 (36,156) (15,833) (10,726) (60,416) 518,847 114,255 404,592 2.83 2.80 1.48 143,111 144,484 $ $ $ $ 600,369 155,149 46,383 18,432 - - 820,333 541,831 16,378 (28,355) - (8,542) (20,519) 521,312 205,724 315,588 2.21 2.19 1.40 142,764 143,987 $ $ $ $ 553,968 144,467 46,578 12,358 8,500 10,076 775,947 425,798 17,085 (28,236) - 4,096 (7,055) 418,743 76,459 342,284 2.42 2.40 1.32 141,360 142,453 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. - 53 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income Years Ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (In US$ thousands) Net income Other comprehensive (loss) income: Foreign currency translation (loss) gain adjustments Comprehensive income $ $ See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. - 54 - Item 8 Years Ended June 30, 2018 2017 315,588 (35,269) 280,319 $ 342,284 33,599 375,883 2019 404,592 (28,681) 375,911 $ Table of Contents PART II Item 8 RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity Years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (In thousands) Balance, June 30, 2016 Common stock issued on exercise of options (note 11) Common stock issued on vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for tax (note 11) Common stock issued on employee stock purchase plan (note 11) Treasury stock purchases Stock-based compensation costs Other comprehensive income Net income Dividends declared Balance, June 30, 2017 Common stock issued on exercise of options (note 11) Common stock issued on vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for tax (note 11) Common stock issued on employee stock purchase plan (note 11) Treasury stock purchases Stock-based compensation costs Other comprehensive income Net income Dividends declared Balance, June 30, 2018 Common stock issued on exercise of options (note 11) Common stock issued on vesting of restricted stock units, net of shares withheld for tax (note 11) Common stock issued on employee stock purchase plan (note 11) Treasury stock purchases Stock-based compensation costs Other comprehensive income Net income Cumulative effect of change in accounting standards (note 3) Dividends declared Balance, June 30, 2019 Common Stock Shares Amount Additional Paid-in Capital 181,747 $ 740 447 563 $ 3 2 1,303,238 22,246 (8,159) 327 1 183,261 $ 539 214 302 184,316 $ 252 638 285 569 $ 2 1 1 (2) 571 $ 1 3 1 (1) 15,884 45,921 1,379,130 18,759 (15,385) 19,955 48,362 1,450,821 12,329 (28,104) 24,364 52,063 Treasury Stock Shares Amount Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) Total (41,086) $ (1,546,611) $ 2,160,299 $ (222,658) $ (41,086) $ (1,546,611) $ 342,284 (186,346) 2,316,237 $ 33,599 (189,059) $ (550) (53,801) (41,636) $ (1,600,412) $ 315,588 (199,497) 2,432,328 $ (35,269) (224,328) $ (200) (22,844) 185,491 $ 575 $ 1,511,473 (41,836) $ (1,623,256) $ 404,592 (188,798) (211,712) 2,436,410 $ (28,681) (253,009) $ 1,694,831 22,249 (8,157) 15,885 - 45,921 33,599 342,284 (186,346) 1,960,266 18,761 (15,384) 19,956 (53,803) 48,362 (35,269) 315,588 (199,497) 2,058,980 12,330 (28,101) 24,365 (22,845) 52,063 (28,681) 404,592 (188,798) (211,712) 2,072,193 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. - 55 - Table of Contents PART II Item 8 RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (In thousands) Cash flows from operating activities: Net income Adjustment to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: Depreciation and amortization Stock-based compensation costs Loss attributable to equity method investments (note 7) Impairment of equity investments (note 7) Gain on previously held equity interest (note 21) Changes in fair value of business combination contingent consideration Payment of business combination contingent consideration Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of acquisitions: Accounts receivable Inventories Prepaid expenses, net deferred income taxes and other current assets Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other Net cash provided by operating activities Cash flows from investing activities: Purchases of property, plant and equipment Patent registration costs Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired (note 21) Purchases of investments (note 7) Proceeds (payments) on maturity of foreign currency contracts Net cash used in investing activities Cash flows from financing activities: Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net Taxes paid related to net share settlement of equity awards Purchases of treasury stock Payments of business combination contingent consideration Proceeds from borrowings, net of borrowing costs Repayment of borrowings Dividends paid Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period Cash and cash equivalents at end of period Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: Income taxes paid, net of refunds Interest paid Fair value of assets acquired, excluding cash Liabilities assumed Goodwill on acquisition Deferred payments Fair value of contingent consideration Cash paid for acquisitions June 30, 2019 June 30, 2018 June 30, 2017 $ 404,592 $ 315,588 $ 342,284 150,795 52,073 15,833 15,007 (1,909) (286) - (18,013) (84,188) (47,575) (27,278) 459,051 (68,710) (8,632) (951,383) (46,717) (264) (1,075,706) 36,727 (28,104) (22,844) (909) 1,519,230 (711,745) (211,712) 580,643 (5,561) (41,573) 188,701 147,128 $ 242,860 $ 36,156 $ 429,522 $ (265,217) 794,320 (7,242) - 951,383 $ 119,960 48,412 - 11,593 - 411 - (32,356) 1,494 (160,726) 200,650 505,026 (62,581) (8,876) (902) (14,495) (14,970) (101,824) 38,717 (15,385) (53,801) (486) 350,000 (1,146,242) (199,497) (1,026,694) (9,742) (633,234) 821,935 188,701 $ 170,653 $ 28,355 $ 290 $ - 247 365 - 902 $ $ $ $ $ $ 112,157 45,925 - 1,955 - 10,076 (8,460) (63,604) (41,599) (19,257) 34,576 414,053 (62,219) (9,257) (7,274) (6,464) 3,324 (81,890) 38,320 (8,159) - (11,682) 450,000 (545,000) (186,346) (262,867) 21,205 90,501 731,434 821,935 92,901 28,236 10,460 (877) (645) (84) (1,580) 7,274 See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements. - 56 - Table of Contents PART II (1) Organization and Basis of Presentation RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 ResMed Inc. (referred to herein as “we”, “us”, “our” or the “Company”) is a Delaware corporation formed in March 1994 as a holding company for the ResMed Group. Through our subsidiaries, we design, manufacture and market equipment for the diagnosis and treatment of sleep- disordered breathing and other respiratory disorders, including obstructive sleep apnea. Our manufacturing operations are located in Australia, China, Singapore, Malaysia, France and the United States. Major distribution and sales sites are located in the United States, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Switzerland, Australia, Japan, China, Norway and Sweden. (2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (a) Basis of Consolidation The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly - owned subsidiaries. All significant inter-company transactions and balances have been eliminated in consolidation. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accounting principles requires management estimates and assumptions that affect amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from management’s estimates. (b) Revenue Recognition We adopted Accounting Standard Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” on July 1, 2018. We account for a contract with a customer when there is a legally enforceable contract, the rights of the parties are identified, the contract has commercial substance, and collectability of the contract consideration is probable. We have determined that we have two operating segments, which are the sleep and respiratory disorders sector of the medical device industry (“Sleep and Respiratory Care”) and the supply of business management software as a service to out-of-hospital health providers (“SaaS”). Our Sleep and Respiratory Care revenue relates primarily to the sale of our products that are therapy-based equipment. Some contracts include additional performance obligations such as the provision of extended warranties and data for patient monitoring. Our SaaS revenue relates to the provision of software access with ongoing support and maintenance services as well as professional services such as training and consulting. Disaggregation of revenue See note 15 – Segment Information for our net revenue disaggregated by segment, product and region for the years ended June 30, 2019 , 2018 and 2017 . Performance obligations and contract balances Revenue is recognized when performance obligations under the terms of a contract with a customer are satisfied; generally, this occurs with the transfer of risk and/or control of our products are provided at a point in time. For products in our Sleep and Respiratory Care business, we transfer control and recognize a sale when products are shipped to the customer in accordance with the contractual shipping terms. For our SaaS business, revenue associated with professional services are recognized as they are provided. We defer the recognition of a portion of the consideration received when performance obligations are not yet satisfied. Consideration received from customers in advance of revenue recognition is classified as deferred revenue. Performance obligations resulting in deferred revenue in our Sleep and Respiratory Care business relate primarily to extended warranties on our devices and the provision of data for patient monitoring. Performance obligations resulting in deferred revenue in our SaaS business relate primarily to the provision of software access with maintenance and support over an agreed term and material rights associated with future discounts upon renewal of some SaaS contracts. Generally, deferred revenue will be recognized over a period of one to five years. The following table summarizes our contract balances at June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 (in thousands): 2019 2018 Balance sheet caption Contract assets Accounts receivable, net Unbilled revenue, current Unbilled revenue, non-current Contract liabilities Deferred revenue, current Deferred revenue, non-current $ 483,681 Accounts receivable, net 13,342 Prepaid expenses and other current assets 2,973 Prepaid taxes and other non-current assets (60,828) Deferred revenue (current liabilities) (71,596) Deferred revenue (non-current liabilities) $ 528,484 9,834 4,592 (88,667) (81,143) - 57 - Table of Contents PART II Transaction price determination RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 Revenue is measured as the amount of consideration we expect to receive in exchange for transferring goods or providing services. In our Sleep and Respiratory Care segment, the amount of consideration received and revenue recognized varies with changes in marketing incentives (e.g., rebates, discounts, free goods) and returns offered to customers and their customers. When we give customers the right to return eligible products and receive credit, returns are estimated based on an analysis of historical experience. However, returns of products, excluding warranty-related returns, are infrequent and insignificant. We adjust the estimate of revenue at the earlier of when the most likely amount of consideration can be estimated, the amount expected to be received changes, or when the consideration becomes fixed. We offer our Sleep and Respiratory Care customers cash or product rebates based on volume or sales targets measured over quarterly or annual periods. We estimate rebates based on each customer’s expected achievement of its targets. In accounting for these rebate programs, we reduce revenue ratably as sales occur over the rebate period by the expected value of the rebates to be returned to the customer. Rebates measured over a quarterly period are updated based on actual sales results and, therefore, no estimation is required to determine the reduction to revenue. For rebates measured over annual periods, we update our estimates on a quarterly basis based on actual sales results and updated forecasts for the remaining rebate periods. We also offer discounts to both our Sleep and Respiratory Care as well as our SaaS customers as part of normal business practice and these are deducted from revenue when the sale occurs. Many of our Sleep and Respiratory Care contracts have a single performance obligation which is the shipment of our therapy-based equipment. However, when the Sleep and Respiratory Care or SaaS contract has multiple performance obligations, we generally use an observable price to determine the stand-alone selling price by reference to pricing and discounting practices for the specific product or service when sold separately to similar customers. Revenue is then allocated proportionately, based on the determined stand-alone selling price, to the performance obligation. Accounting and practical expedient elections We have elected to account for shipping and handling activities associated with our Sleep and Respiratory Care segment as a fulfillment cost within cost of sales, and record shipping and handling costs collected from customers in net revenue. We have also elected for all taxes assessed by government authorities that are imposed on and concurrent with revenue-producing transactions, such as sales and value added taxes, to be excluded from revenue. We have adopted two practical expedients including the “right to invoice” practical expedient, which allows us to recognize revenue in the amount of the invoice when it corresponds directly with the value of performance completed to date and which is relevant for some of our SaaS contracts. The second practical expedient adopted permits relief from considering a significant financing component when the payment for the good or service is expected to be one year or less. (c) Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash equivalents include certificates of deposit and other highly liquid investments and we state them at co st, which approximates market. We consider investments with original maturities of 90 days or less to be cash equivalents for purposes of the consolidated statements of cash flows. (d) Inventories We state inventories at the lower of cost (determined principally by the first-in, first-out method) or net realizable value. We include material, labor and manufacturing overhead costs in finished goods and work-in-process inventories. We review and provide for any product obsolescence in our manufacturing and distribution operations by assessing throughout the year individual products and components (based on estimated future usage and sales). ( e) Property, Plant and Equipment We record property, plant and equipment, including rental and demonstration equipment at cost. We compute depreciation expense using the straight-line method over the estimat ed useful lives of the assets. Useful lives are generally two to ten years except for buildings which are depreciated over an estimated useful life of 40 years and leasehold improvements, which we amortize over the lease term. We charge maintenance and repairs to expense as we incur them. (f) Intangible Assets We capitalize the registration costs for new patents and amortize the costs over the estimated useful life of the patent, which is generally five years. If a patent is superseded or a product is retired, any unamortized costs are written off immediately. - 58 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 We amortize all of our other intangible assets on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, which range from two to fifteen years. We evaluate the recoverability of intangible assets at least annually and take into account events or circumstances that warrant revised estimates of useful lives or that in dicate that impairment exists. We have not identified any impairment of intangible assets during any of the periods presented. (g) Goodwill We conducted our annual review for goodwill impairment during the final quarter of 2019 and is performed at our reporting unit level, which is one level below our operating segments. Our goodwill impairment review involves the following steps: Step 0 or Qualitative assessment – Evaluate qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including goodwill. The factors we consider include, but are not limited to, macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance or events-specific to that reporting unit. If or when we determine it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than the carrying amount, including goodwill, we would move to Step 1 of the quantitative method. Step 1 – Compare the fair value for each reporting unit to its carrying value, including goodwill. Fair value is determined based on estimated discounted cash flows. If the carrying value of the reporting unit, including goodwill, exceeds the reporting unit’s fair value, we would proceed to Step 2. If a reporting unit’s fair value exceeds the carrying value, no further work is performed and no impairment charge is necessary. Step 2 – Allocate the fair value of the reporting unit to its identifiable tangible and non-goodwill intangible assets and liabilities. This will derive an implied fair value for the goodwill. Then, compare the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill is greater than the implied fair value of its goodwill, an impairment loss must be recognized for the excess. During the annual review, we completed a Step 0 or Qualitative assessment and determined it wa s more likely than not that the fair value of our reporting units exceeded their carrying amount s , including goodwill and, therefore, goodwill was no t impaired. (h) Foreign Currency The consolidated financial statements of our non-U.S. subsidiaries, whose functional currencies are other than the U.S. dollar, are translated into U.S. dollars for financial reporting purposes. We translate assets and liabilities of non-U.S. subsidiaries whose functional currencies are other than the U.S. dollar at period end exchange rates, but translate revenue and expense transactions at average exchange rates for the period. We recognize cumulative translation adjustments as part of comprehensive income, as detailed in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income, and include those adjustments in accumulated other comprehensive income in the consolidated balance sheets until such time the relevant subsidiary is sold or substanti ally or completely liquidated. We reflect gains and losses on transactions denominated in other than the functional currency of an entity in our results of operations. (i) Research and Development We record all research and development expenses in the period we incur them. (j) Financial Instruments The carrying value of financial instruments, such as cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable, approximate their fair value because of their short-term nature. The carrying value of long-term debt approximates its fair value as the principal amounts outstanding are subject to variable interest rates that are based on market ra tes which are regularly reset. Foreign currency hedging instruments are marked to market and therefore reflect their fair value. We do not hold or issue financial instruments for trading purposes. The fair value of financial instruments is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. - 59 - Table of Contents PART II (k) Foreign Exchange Risk Management RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 We enter into various types of foreign exchange contracts in managing our foreign exchange risk, including derivative financial instruments encompassing forward exchange contracts and foreign currency options. The purpose of our foreign currency hedging activities is to protect us from adverse exchange rate fluctuations with respect to net cash movements resulting from the sales of products to foreign customers and Australian and Singapore manufacturing activities. We enter into foreign exchange contracts to hedge anticipated sales and manufacturing costs, principally denominated in Australian and Singapore dollars, and Euros. The terms of such foreign exchange contracts generally do not exceed three years. We have determined our hedge program to be a non-effective hedge as defined. We record the foreign currency derivatives portfolio at fair value and include it in other assets and accrued expenses in our consolidated balance sheets. We do not offset the fair value amounts recognized for foreign c urrency derivatives. We classify purchases of foreign currency derivatives and proceeds received from the exercise of foreign currency derivatives as an investing activity within our consolidated statements of cash flows. We record all movements in the fair value of the foreign currency derivatives within other income, net in our consolidated statements of income. (l) Income Taxes We account for income taxes under the asset and liability method. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. We measure deferred tax assets and liabilities using the enacted tax rates we expect to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. (m) Provision for Warranty We provide for the estimated cost of product warranties at the time the related revenue is recognized. We determine the amount of this provision by using a financial model, which takes into consideration actual historical expenses and potential risks associated with our different products. We use this financial model to calculate the future probable expenses related to warranty and the required level of the warranty provision. Although we engage in product improvement programs and processes, our warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates and costs incurred to correct those product failures. Should actual product failure rates or estimated costs to repair those product failures differ from our estimates, we would be required to revise our estimated warranty provision. (n) Allowance for Doubtful Accounts We maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments, which results in bad debt expense. We determine the adequacy of this allowance by periodically evaluating individual customer receivables, considering a customer’s financial condition, credit history an d current economic conditions. We are also contingently liable, within certain limits, in the event of a customer default, to independent leasing companies in connection w ith customer leasing programs. We monitor the collection status of these installment receivables and provide for estimated losses separately under accrued expenses within our consolidated balance sheets based upon our historical collection experience with such receivables and a current assessment of our credit exposure. (o) Impairment of Long-Lived Assets We periodically evaluate the carrying value of long-lived assets to be held and used, including certain identifiable intangible assets, when events and circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recovered. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If assets are considered to be impaired, we recognize as the impairment the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets. We report assets to be disposed of at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell. We did not recognize impairment charges in relation to long-lived assets during the fiscal years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 . - 60 - Table of Contents PART II (p) Contingencies RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 We record a liability in the consolidated financial statements for loss contingencies when a loss is known or considered probable and the amount can be reasonably estimated. If the reasonable estimate of a known or probable loss is a range, and no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other, the minimum amount of the range is accrued. If a loss is reasonably possible but not known or probable, and can be reasonably estimated, the estimated loss or range of loss is disclosed. When determining the estimated loss or range of loss, significant judgment is required to estimate the amount and timing of a loss to be recorded. (3) New Accounting Pronouncements (a) Recently issued accounting standards not yet adopted ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases” In February 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases” (Topic 842). Under the new guidance, lessees are required to recognize a right-of-use asset and a lease liability on the balance sheet for all leases, other than those that meet the definition of a short -term lease. This update will establish a lease asset and lease liability by lessees for those leases classified as operating under current GAAP. Leases will be classified as either operating or finance under the new guidance. Operating leases will result in straight-line expense in the income statement, similar to current operating leases, and finance leases will result in more expense being recognized in the earlier years of the lease term, similar to current capital leases. For lessors, the update will more closely align lease accounting to comparable guidance in the new revenue standards described. The new standard is effective for us beginning in the first quarter of the fiscal year ending June 30, 2020 and early application is permitted. ASU 2016-02 will be adopted on a modified retrospective transition basis for leases existing at, or entered into after, the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. We will make an accounting policy election to not recognize on our consolidated balance sheet right-of-use assets and lease liabilities arising from short-term leases. In preparation for the adoption of this guidance, we have designed and operated internal controls over its implementation as well as established a system solution for lease administration as well as the preparation and disclosure of financial information surrounding our leasing arrangements . We have substantially completed the work related to our implementation project except for finalization of discount rates as of the adoption date , evaluation as to whether we are ‘reasonably certain’ to extend certain leases, and evaluation of several contracts to determine whether they contain an embedded lease . We estimate that the adoption of the guidance will result in the recognition of additional right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for operating leases of approximately $60.0 million to $70.0 million as of July 1, 2019, excluding the impact of our evaluation of lease terms and several contracts that may contain an embedded lease. As we are yet to finalize our work in relation to discount rates, we have used a preliminary rate of 3.5% when calculating this range. We do not believe the guidance will have a material impact on our consolidated statements of income . (b) Recently adopted accounting pronouncements ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers” (Topic 606), which requires an entity to recognize the amount of revenue to which it expects to be entitled for the transfer of promised goods or services to customers. Since its initial release, the FASB has issued several amendments to the standard, which include clarification of accounting guidance related to identification of performance obligations, intellectual property licenses, and principal vs. agent considerations. ASU 2014-09 and all subsequent amendments (collectively, the “new revenue recognition standards”) replaced most existing revenue recognition guidance in U.S. GAAP during the current quarter when it became effective. The guidance also requires improved disclosures on the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized. Effective July 1, 2018, we adopted the new revenue recognition standards and applied its provisions to all contracts using the modified retrospective method. Application of the new provisions did not have a material impact on our financial statements and no cumulative-effect adjustment was calculated or recognized. The comparative information has not been restated; however, if it were there would be no change in the accounting treatment. Refer to the “Revenue Recognition” section above for further details about our revenue recognition following adoption of the new revenue recognition standards. - 61 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 ASU No. 2016-01, "Financial Instruments - Overall" In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, "Financial Instruments - Overall" (Topic 825-10). The amendments address certain aspects of recognition, measurement, presentation, and disclosure of financial instruments, and require equity investments, other than equity-method investments, to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized through net income. The amendments also simplify the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment for impairment quarterly at each reporting period. We adopted ASU 2016-01 during the quarter ended September 30, 2018 and elected to apply the practical expedient for measuring equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair market. Based on our elections, our strategic equity investments that do not have readily determinable fair values are measured at cost, less any impairments, plus or minus changes resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identifiable or similar investments of the same issuer. The measurement alternative was applied prospectively and the adoption of ASU 2016-01 did not result in an adjustment to retained earnings. ASU No. 2016-16, “Income Taxes: Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory” In October 2016, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update ASU No. 2016-16, “Income Taxes: Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory” (Topic 740). Under the new guidance, an entity is required to recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs and eliminates the exception for an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory. ASU 2016-16 became effective during the first quarter of the year ended June 30, 2019 and was required to be adopted on a modified retrospective basis, with a cumulative-effect adjustment recorded directly to retained earnings for intra-entity transfers that occur before the adoption date. Accordingly, we recognized the following reclassifications upon adoption (in thousands): Balance Sheet Caption Assets Prepaid expenses and other current assets Prepaid taxes and other non-current assets Deferred income taxes Equity Retained Earnings (4) Inventories As reported balance June 30, 2018 Adoption of ASU 2016-16 Increase/(Decrease) Revised balance July 1, 2018 $ $ 124,634 273,710 53,818 2,432,328 $ (28,947) (156,406) (3,445) (188,798) 95,687 117,304 50,373 2,243,530 Inventories were comprised of the following as of June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 ( in thousands): Raw materials Work in progress Finished goods Total inventories (5) Property, Plant and Equipment, net 2019 2018 $ $ 80,861 2,256 266,524 349,641 $ $ 75,415 2,453 190,833 268,701 Property, plant and equipment, net is comprised of the following as of June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 (in thousands): 2019 Machinery and equipment Computer equipment Furniture and fixtures Vehicles Clinical, demonstration and rental equipment Leasehold improvements Land Buildings Accumulated depreciation and amortization Property, plant and equipment, net $ $ 262,010 173,895 51,942 7,477 94,007 34,210 52,406 223,028 898,975 (511,515) 387,460 $ $ - 62 - 2018 239,671 155,069 51,045 7,399 92,229 32,169 54,089 229,193 860,864 (474,314) 386,550 Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 (6) Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, net Goodwill For each of the years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , we have no t recorded any goodwill impairments. Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill is comprised of the following for the year ended June 30, 2019 (i n thousands): Balance at the beginning of the period Business acquisition Foreign currency translation adjustments Balance at the end of the period Other Intangible Assets Sleep and Respiratory Care 464,157 $ 159,623 (6,815) 616,965 $ $ $ 2019 SaaS 604,787 634,697 - 1,239,484 $ $ Total 1,068,944 794,320 (6,815) 1,856,449 Other intangibles, net are comprised of the following as of June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 (in thousands): Developed/core product technology Accumulated amortization Developed/core product technology, net Trade names Accumulated amortization Trade names, net Non-compete agreements Accumulated amortization Non-compete agreements, net Customer relationships Accumulated amortization Customer relationships, net Patents Accumulated amortization Patents, net Total other intangibles, net 2019 2018 $ $ 401,842 (157,651) 244,191 76,392 (25,592) 50,800 4,218 (2,783) 1,435 273,114 (68,630) 204,484 95,741 (74,701) 21,040 521,950 $ $ 205,149 (115,237) 89,912 48,832 (16,868) 31,964 3,288 (2,283) 1,005 118,084 (48,157) 69,927 91,708 (69,332) 22,376 215,184 Intangible assets consist of developed/core product technology, trade names, non-compete agreements, customer relationships, and patents, and we amortize them over the estimated useful life of the assets, generally between two and fifteen years. There are no expected residual values related to these intangible assets. Refer to note 2 1 of the consolidated financial statements for details of acquisitions. Amortization expense related to identified intangible assets for the year s ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 was $74.9 million and $46.4 million, respectively. Amortization expense related to patents for the years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 was $8.1 million and $8.0 million, respectively. Total estimated annual amortization expense for the years ending June 30, 2020 through June 30, 2024 , is shown below (in thousands): Fiscal Year Amortization expense 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 $ 90,347 84,424 73,169 53,893 48,509 - 63 - Table of Contents PART II (7) Investments RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 The aggregate carrying amount of our investments at June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , which are included within our other non-current assets on our consolidated balance sheets, was $52.1 million and $41.2 million, respectively. Investments whereby we do not have significant influence or control over the investee are accounted for initially at cost. These investments are not exchange traded and therefore not supported with observable market prices. We have determined that these investments do not have readily determinable fair values and are therefore revalued only when there are observable price changes in orderly transactions for identifiable or similar investments of the same issuer. We also estimate the fair value of our equity investments to assess whether impairment losses shall be recorded using Level 3 inputs. However, these investments are valued by reference to their net asset values that can be market supported and unobservable inputs including future cash flows. During the years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , we recognized $15.0 million and $11.6 million, respectively, of impairment losses related to our equity investments, which was recorded in other, net. The carrying value of these investments was $30.4 million and $41.2 million, at June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively. Equity investments whereby we have significant influence but not control over the investee, and are not the primary beneficiary of the investee’s activities, are accounted for under the equity method. Under this method, we record our share of gains or losses attributable to equity method investments, which were $15.8 million during the year ended June 30, 2019 and were recorded in l oss attributable to equity method investments . The carrying value of these investments was $21.7 million and $0.0 million at June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, respectively. We have determined that the fair value of our investments exceed their carrying values. The following table shows a reconciliation of the changes in our investments during the years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 (in thousands): Balance at the beginning of the period Investments Impairment of investments Loss attributable to equity method investments Acquisition of controlling interest in previously held investment (note 21) Balance at the end of the period (8) Accrued Expenses Accrued expenses at June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 consist of the following (in thousands): Product warranties (note 9) Consulting and professional fees Value added taxes and other taxes due Employee related costs Hedging instruments (note 20) Liability on receivables sold with recourse (note 19) Accrued interest Logistics and occupancy costs Inventory in transit Litigation settlement expenses (note 23) Restructuring expenses (note 22) Other (9) Product Warranties 2019 2018 41,226 46,717 (15,007) (15,833) (5,000) 52,103 2019 19,625 12,726 25,555 123,446 244 1,752 1,683 8,137 15,175 41,199 5,432 11,385 266,359 $ $ $ $ 38,324 14,495 (11,593) - - 41,226 2018 19,227 10,341 20,130 107,819 2,373 2,277 120 5,987 5,081 - 1,461 10,989 185,805 $ $ $ $ We include the liability for warranty costs in accrued expenses in our consolidated balance sheets. Changes in the liability for product warranty for the years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 are as follows (in thousands): Balance at the beginning of the period Warranty accruals for the period Warranty costs incurred for the period Foreign currency translation adjustments Balance at the end of the period 2019 2018 19,227 15,416 (14,634) (384) 19,625 $ $ 19,558 17,339 (17,406) (264) 19,227 $ $ - 64 - Table of Contents PART II (10) Debt RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 Debt at June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 consists of the following (in thousands): Short-term debt Deferred borrowing costs Short-term debt, net Long-term debt Deferred borrowing costs Long-term debt, net Total debt Credit Facility 2019 2018 $ $ $ $ 12,012 (20) 11,992 - 1,262,000 (3,139) 1,258,861 1,270,853 $ $ $ $ 12,000 (534) 11,466 272,000 (2,012) 269,988 281,454 On April 17, 2018, we entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, or the Revolving Credit Agreement, as borrower, with lenders MUFG Union Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, joint lead arranger, joint book runner, swing line lender and letter of credit issuer, and Westpac Banking Corporation, as syndication agent, joint lead arranger and joint book runner. The Revolving Credit Agreement, among other things, provides a senior unsecured revolving credit facility of $800.0 million, with an uncommitted option to increase the revolving credit facility by an additional $300.0 million. Additionally, on April 17, 2018, ResMed Limited entered into a Syndicated Facility Agreement, or the Term Credit Agreement, as borrower, with lenders MUFG Union Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, joint lead arranger and joint book runner, and Westpac Banking Corporation, as syndication agent, joint lead arranger and joint book runner. The Term Credit Agreement, among other things, provides ResMed Limited a senior unsecured term credit facility of $200.0 million. On November 5, 2018, we entered into a first amendment to the Revolving Credit Agreement to, among other things, increase the size of our senior unsecured revolving credit facility from $800.0 million to $1.6 billion, with an uncommitted option to increase the revolving credit facility by an additional $300.0 million. Our obligations under the Revolving Credit Agreement are guaranteed by certain of our direct and indirect U.S. subsidiaries, and ResMed Limited’s obligations under the Term Credit Agreement are guaranteed by us and certain of our direct and indirect U.S. subsidiaries. The Revolving Credit Agreement and Term Credit Agreement contain customary covenants, including, in each case, a financial covenant that requires that we maintain a maximum leverage ratio of funded debt to EBITDA (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement and Term Credit Agreement, as applicable). The entire principal amounts of the revolving credit facility and term credit facility, and, in each case, any accrued but unpaid interest may be declared immediately due and payable if an event of default occurs, as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement and the Term Credit Agreement, as applicable. Events of default under the Revolving Credit Agreement and the Term Credit Agreement include, in each case, failure to make payments when due, the occurrence of a default in the performance of any covenants in the respective agreements or related documents, or certain changes of control of us, or the respective guarantors of the obligations borrowed under the Revolving Credit Agreement and Term Credit Agreement. The Revolving Credit Agreement and Term Credit Agreement each terminate on April 17, 2023, when all unpaid principal and interest under the loans must be repaid. Amounts borrowed under the Term Credit Agreement will also amortize on a semi-annual basis, with a $6.0 million principal payment required on each such semi-annual amortization date. The outstanding principal amounts will bear interest at a rate equal to LIBOR plus 0.75% to 1.50% (depending on the then-applicable leverage ratio) or the Base Rate (as defined in the Revolving Credit Agreement and the Term Credit Agreement, as applicable) plus 0.0% to 0.50% (depending on the then-applicable leverage ratio). At June 30, 2019 , the interest rate that was being charged on the outstanding principal amounts was 3.4% . An applicable commitment fee of 0.100% to 0.175% (depending on the then-applicable leverage ratio) applies on the unused portion of the revolving credit facility. At June 30, 2019 , we were in compliance with our debt covenants and there was $1,274.0 million outstanding under the Revolving Credit Agreement and Term Credit Agreement. We expect to satisfy all of our liquidity and long-term debt requirements through a combination of cash on hand, cash generated from operations and debt facilities. On July 10, 2019, we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement for senior notes amounting to $500.0 million. See note 24 – Subsequent Event in this report for further details. - 65 - Table of Contents PART II (11) Stockholders’ Equity RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 Common Stock. On February 21, 2014, our board of directors approved a new share repurchase program, authorizing us to acquire up to an aggregate of 20.0 million shares of our common stock. The program allows us to repurchase shares of our common stock from time to time for cash in the open market, or in negotiated or block transactions, as market and business conditions warrant and subject to applicable legal requirements. The 20.0 million shares the new program authorizes us to purchase are in addition to the shares we repurchased on or before February 21, 2014 under our previous programs. There is no expiration date for this program, and the program may be accelerated, suspended, delayed or discontinued at any time at the discretion of our board of directors. All share repurchases since February 21, 2014 have been executed in accordance with this program. During fiscal year 2019 , we repurchased 200,000 shares at a cost of $22.8 million and during fiscal year 2018 , we repurchased 550,000 shares at a cost of $53.8 million shares under our share repurchase program. As of June 30, 2019 , we have repurchased a total of 41.8 million shares at a cost of $1.6 billion . Shares that are repurchased are classified as “treasury stock pending future use” and reduce the number of shares outstanding used in calculating earnings per share. At June 30, 2019 , 12.9 million additional shares can be repurchased under the approved share repurchase program. Preferred Stock. In April 1997, our board of directors authorized 2,000,000 shares of $ 0.01 par value preferred stock. No such shares were issued or outstanding at June 30, 2019 . Stock Options and Restricted Stock Units. We have granted stock options and restricted stock units to personnel, including officers and directors, in accordance with the ResMed Inc. 2009 Incentive Award Plan (the “2009 Plan”). These options and restricted stock units vest over one to four years and the options have expiration dates of seven years from the date of grant. We have granted the options with an exercise price equal to the market value as determined at the date of grant. At the annual meeting of our stockholders in November 2017, our stockholders approved an amendment and restatement to the 2009 Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock that may be issued or transferred pursuant to awards under the 2009 Plan by 7.4 million. The amendment and restatement imposes a maximum award amount which may be granted under the 2009 Plan to non-employee director in a calendar year, which when taken together with any other cash fees earned for services as a non-employee director during the calendar year, has a total value of $0.7 million, or $1.2 million in the case of a non-employee director who is also serving as chairman of our board of directors. The amendment and restatement also increased the maximum amount payable pursuant to cash-denominated performance awards granted in any calendar year from $3.0 million to $5.0 million. In addition, the amendment and restatement extended the existing prohibition on the payment of dividends or dividend equivalents on unvested awards to apply to all awards, including time-based restricted stock, deferred stock and stock payment. The term of the 2009 Plan was extended by four years so that the plan expires on September 11, 2027 . The maximum number of shares of our common stock authorized for issuance under the 2009 Plan is 51.1 million. The number of securities remaining available for future issuance under the 2009 Plan at June 30, 2019 is 16.3 million. The number of shares of our common stock available for issuance under the 2009 Plan will be reduced by (i) 2.8 shares for each one share of common stock delivered in settlement of any “full-value award,” which is any award other than a stock option, stock appreciation right or other award for which the holder pays the intrinsic value and (ii) one share for each share of common stock delivered in settlement of all other awards. The maximum number of shares, which may be subject to awards granted under the 2009 Plan to any individual during any calendar year, may not exceed 3 million shares of our common stock (except in a participant’s initial year of hiring up to 4.5 million shares of our common stock may be granted). At June 30, 2019 , there was $75.9 million in unrecognized compensation costs related to unvested stock-based compensation arrangements. This is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.3 years. The aggregate intrinsic value of the stock-based compensation arrangements outstanding and exercisable at June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 was $238.4 million and $222.3 million, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value of the options exercised during the fiscal years 2019, 2018 and 2017 , was $15.1 million, $27.5 million and $28.1 million, respectively. - 66 - Table of Contents PART II The following table summarizes option activity during the year ended June 30, 2019 : RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 Outstanding at beginning of period Granted Exercised Forfeited Outstanding at end of period Exercise price of granted options Options exercisable at end of period * Includes NIL shares netted for tax. Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term in Years 4.4 4.4 Weighted Average Exercise Price 60.48 102.12 49.04 52.02 72.91 59.31 Options 1,205,826 306,842 (252,371) (183) 1,260,114 102.12 704,466 $ $ $ $ The following table summarizes the activity of restricted stock units, including performance restricted stock units, during year ended June 30, 2019 : Outstanding at beginning of period Granted Vested Performance factor adjustment Expired / cancelled Forfeited Outstanding at end of period * Includes 267,779 shares netted for tax. Restricted Stock Units Weighted Average Grant-Date Fair Value 1,644,754 512,822 (909,065) 251,642 (53,160) (823) 1,446,170 $ $ 62.90 99.19 57.50 - 69.55 69.55 77.21 Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term in Years 1.6 1.6 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “ESPP”). Under the ESPP, we offer participants the right to purchase shares of our common stock at a discount during successive offering periods. Each offering period under the ESPP will be for a period of time determined by the board of directors’ compensation committee of no less than 3 months and no more than 27 months. The purchase price for our common stock under the ESPP will be the lower of 85 % of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of grant or 85 % of the fair market value of our common stock on the date of purchase. An individual participant cannot subscribe for more than $ 25,000 in common stock during any calendar year. At June 30, 2019 , the number of shares remaining available for future issuance under the ESPP is 2.4 million shares. During years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , we issued 285,000 and 302,000 shares to our employees in two offerings and we recognized $6.4 million and $5.2 million, respectively, of stock compensation expense associated with the ESPP. (12) Earnings Per Share We compute basic earnings per share by dividing the net income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding. For purposes of calculating diluted earnings per share, the denominator includes both the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding and the number of dilutive common stock equivalents such as stock options and restricted stock units. The weighted average number of outstanding stock options and restricted stock units not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share were 200,000 , 153,000 and 173,000 for the years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 , respectively, as the effect would have been anti- dilutive. - 67 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 Basic and diluted earnings per share for the years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 are calculated as follows (in thousands except per share data): Numerator: Net income Denominator: Basic weighted-average common shares outstanding Effect of dilutive securities: Stock options and restricted stock units Diluted weighted average shares Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share (13) Other, net 2019 2018 2017 $ $ $ 404,592 $ 315,588 $ 342,284 143,111 1,373 144,484 2.83 2.80 $ $ 142,764 1,223 143,987 2.21 2.19 $ $ 141,360 1,093 142,453 2.42 2.40 Other, net, in the consolidated statements of income is comprised of the following for the years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands): Gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions and hedging, net (note 20) Impairment of equity investments (note 7) Other (14) Income Taxes 2019 2018 2017 $ $ 1,712 $ (15,007) 2,569 (10,726) $ (1,546) $ (11,593) 4,597 (8,542) $ 5,434 (1,955) 617 4,096 Income before income taxes for the years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 , was taxed under the following jurisdictions (in thousands): 2017 2018 2019 U.S. Non-U.S. The provision for income taxes is presented below (in thousands): Current: Deferred: Federal State Non-U.S. Federal State Non-U.S. Provision for income taxes $ $ $ $ (34,468) 553,315 518,847 2019 28,658 7,595 127,540 163,793 (30,456) (5,408) (13,674) (49,538) 114,255 $ $ $ $ 42,627 478,685 521,312 2018 128,971 948 68,858 198,777 9,488 (350) (2,191) 6,947 205,724 $ $ $ $ (4,985) 423,728 418,743 2017 16,468 (1,159) 65,612 80,921 11,385 2,706 (18,553) (4,462) 76,459 The provision for income taxes differs from the amount of income tax determined by applying the applicable U.S. federal income tax rate of 21% for the year ended June 30, 2019, 28% for the year ended June 30, 2018 and 35% for the year ended June 30, 2017, to pretax income as a result of the following (in thousands): Taxes computed at statutory U.S. rate Increase (decrease) in income taxes resulting from: Transition tax State income taxes, net of U.S. tax benefit Research and development credit Change in statutory tax rates Tax effect of dividends Change in valuation allowance Effect of non-U.S. tax rates Foreign tax credits (1) Stock-based compensation expense Other 2019 2018 2017 $ 108,958 $ 146,280 $ 146,560 6,038 2,186 (12,953) - - (1,118) 25,045 (7,806) (11,534) 5,439 114,255 $ 126,753 2,427 (4,089) 16,685 - (2,962) (70,250) (6,473) (7,045) 4,398 205,724 $ - (1,294) (2,804) - 97,662 4,021 (97,141) (67,689) (3,107) 251 76,459 $ - 68 - Table of Contents PART II Item 8 (1) In fiscal year 2018, $75.5 million of the foreign tax credit is included as a reduction in the transition tax. RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements The components of our deferred tax assets and liabilities at June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , are as follows (in thousands): Deferred tax assets: Employee liabilities Tax credit carry overs Inventories Provision for warranties Provision for doubtful debts Net operating loss carryforwards Capital loss carryover Property, plant and equipment Stock-based compensation expense Deferred revenue Research and development capitalization Other Less valuation allowance Deferred tax assets Deferred tax liabilities: Goodwill and other intangibles Deferred tax liabilities Net deferred tax asset 2019 2018 $ $ $ 18,104 15,666 4,905 3,551 5,532 53,315 6,640 3,002 10,769 9,619 17,910 (332) 148,681 (11,644) 137,037 (102,939) (102,939) 34,098 $ 16,184 9,031 5,840 3,904 3,817 26,355 3,932 6,121 9,322 1,148 - 3,367 89,021 (12,297) 76,724 (35,990) (35,990) 40,734 We reported the net deferred tax assets and liabilities in our consolidated balance sheets at June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , as follows (in thousands): Non-current deferred tax asset Non-current deferred tax liability Net deferred tax asset 2019 2018 45,478 (11,380) 34,098 $ $ 53,818 (13,084) 40,734 $ $ As of June 30, 2019 , we had $192.2 million of U.S. federal and state net operating loss carryforwards and $86.7 million of non-U.S. net operating loss carryforwards, which expire in various years beginning in 2019 or carry forward indefinitely. The valuation allowance at June 30, 2019 relates to a provision for uncertainty of the utilization of net operating loss carryforwards of $5.0 million and capital loss and other items of $6.6 million. We believe that it is more likely than not that the benefits of deferred tax assets, net of any valuation allowance, will be realized. A substantial portion of our manufacturing operations and administrative functions in Singapore operate under various tax holidays and tax incentive programs that will expire in whole or in part at various dates through June 30, 2030. The end of certain tax holidays may be extended if specific conditions are met. The net impact of these tax holidays and tax incentive programs increased our net earnings by $20.3 million ( $0.14 per diluted share) for the year ended June 30, 2019 and $33.5 million ( $0.23 per diluted share) for the year ended June 30, 2018 . As a result of the U.S. Tax Act, we have treated all non-U.S. historical earnings as taxable, which resulted in additional tax expense of $126.9 million during the year ended June 30, 2018 and $6.0 million during the year ended June 30, 2019, which was payable over eight years. Therefore, future repatriation of cash held by our non-U.S. subsidiaries will generally not be subject to U.S. federal tax if repatriated. The total amount of these undistributed earnings at June 30, 2019 amounted to approximately $2. 0 billion. On June 14, 20 1 9, the U.S. Treasury Department issued final and temporary regulations relating to the repatriati on of non-U.S. earnings. As a r e sult, in the event our non-U.S. earnings had not been permanently reinvested, deferred taxes of approximately $201.6 million in U.S. federal deferred tax and $5.2 million in U.S. state deferred taxes would have been recognized in the consolidated financial statements. - 69 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 In accounting for uncertainty in income taxes, we recognize a tax benefit in the financial statements for an uncertain tax position only if management’s assessment is that the position is “more likely than not” (that is, a likelihood greater than 50 percent) to be allowed by the tax jurisdiction based solely on the technical merits of the position. The term “tax position” refers to a position in a previously filed tax return or a position expected to be taken in a future tax return that is reflected in measuring current or deferred income tax assets and liabilities for annual periods. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within the income tax expense line in the accompanying consolidated statements of income. Accrued interest and penalties are included within the related tax liability line in the consolidated balance sheets. Based on all known facts and circumstances and current tax law, we believe the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits on June 30, 2019, is not material to our results of operations, financial condition or cash flows, and if recognized, would not have a material impact on our effective tax rate. Our income tax returns are based on calculations and assumptions subject to audit by various tax authorities. In addition, the calculation of our tax liabilities involves dealing with uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws. We regularly assess the potential outcomes of examinations by tax authorities in determining the adequacy of our provision for income taxes. Any final assessment resulting from tax audits may result in material changes to our past or future taxable income, tax payable or deferred tax assets, and may require us to pay penalties and interest that could materially adversely affect our financial results . In connection with the audit by the Australian Taxation Office (“ATO”) for the tax years 2009 to 2013, we received Notices of Amended Assessments in March 2018. Based on these assessments, the ATO asserted that we owe $151.7 million in additional income tax and $38.4 million in accrued interest, of which $75.9 million was paid in April 2018 under a payment arrangement with the ATO. In June 2018, we received a notice from the ATO claiming penalties of 50% of the additional income tax that was assessed or $75.9 million . At September 30, 2018, we recorded a receivable in prepaid taxes and other non-current assets for the amount paid as we ultimately expect this will be refunded by the ATO. The ATO is currently auditing tax years 2014 to 2017, and we have also been notified by the A TO that they intend to audit tax year 2018. We do not agree with the ATO’s assessments and continue to believe we are more likely than not to be successful in defending our position. Our income tax expense, short-term income taxes payable and long-term income taxes payable were impacted by charges associated with the U.S. Tax Act enacted on December 22, 2017, which resulted in additional income tax expense of $138.0 million during the year ended June 30, 2018. Specifically, the income tax expense includes the transition tax imposed on our accumulated foreign earnings, which resulted in additional income tax expense of $126.9 million for the year ended June 30, 2018. Additionally, it resulted in the write down in the carrying value of our net deferred tax assets due to the lower corporate tax rate and the reduction in the future value of deferred tax assets, which resulted in additional income tax expense of $11.1 million recorded in the year ended June 30, 2018. During the year ended June 30, 2019, we recorded additional tax expense of $6.0 million in transition tax imposed on our accumulated foreign earnings, which related to final treasury regulations issued and temporary guidance published during the year. On December 22, 2017, the SEC issued guidance under Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118, Income Tax Accounting Implications of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (“SAB 118”) directing taxpayers to consider the impact of the U.S. Tax Act as “provisional” when it does not have the necessary information available, prepared or analyzed (including computations) in reasonable detail to complete its accounting for the change in tax law. Effective December 31, 2018, the accounting relating to the impact of U.S. legislation was no longer considered provisional. During the year ended June 30, 2018, we recorded additional tax expense of $138.0 million relating to ch anges in U.S. tax legislation. During the year ended June 30, 2019, we recorded additional tax expense of $6.0 million in additional transition tax, which related to final treasury regulations issued and temporary guidance published during the year. However, further adjustments could be required as a result of future legislation, amended tax returns, or tax examinations of the years impacted by the calculation. (15) Segment Information P rior to the three months ended December 31, 2018, we had previously determined the software-as-a-service, or SaaS, line of business was not material to our global operations in terms of revenue and profit, and therefore had not been separately reported as a segment. However, f ollowing recent acquisitions, we have quantitatively and qualitatively reassessed our segment reporting and determined the SaaS segment is material to the group , and now have two operating segments, which are the Sleep and Respiratory Care segment and the SaaS segment. We evaluate the performance of our segments based on net sales and income from operations. The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those described in note 2 – significant accounting policies. Segment net sales and segment income from operations do not include inter- segment profits and revenue is allocated to a geographic area based on where the products are shipped to or where the services are performed. - 70 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 Certain items are maintained at the corporate level and are not allocated to the segments. The non-allocated items include corporate headquarters costs, stock-based compensation, amortization expense from acquired intangibles, acquisition related expenses, interest income, interest expense and other, net. We neither discretely allocate assets to our operating segments, nor does our Chief Operating Decision Maker evaluate the operating segments using discrete asset information. Effective July 1, 2018, we re fine d our operating model to integrate our regional sales structures into our global business segments, which resulted in a reorganization of our internal business reporting . As part of this reorganization, we redesigned our systems and processes in relation to the business segment report ing , including management reporting responsibilities and cost allocations . The se changes were made prospectively for the year ended June 30, 2018. A s such , we do not have comparable net operating profit by reportable segment for the year ended June 30, 2017, and recreating this reporting is not considered practicabl e given the redesign of our systems and processes . The net revenues by reportable segment is available for the year ended June 30, 2017 , and has been presented in the table summarizing our net revenue disaggregated by segment, product and region below. The table below presents a reconciliation of net revenues and net operating profit by reportable segment s for year ended June 30, 2019 compared to June 30, 2018 (in millions): Revenue by segment Total Sleep and Respiratory Care Software as a Service Deferred revenue fair value adjustment* Total Software as a Service Total Net operating profit by segment Sleep and Respiratory Care Software as a Service Total 2019 2018 $ $ $ $ 2,330.8 $ 281.1 (5.3) 275.8 2,606.6 766.1 74.9 841.0 $ $ $ Reconciling items Corporate costs Amortization of acquired intangible assets Restructuring expenses Acquisition related expenses Litigation settlement expenses Deferred revenue fair value adjustment* Interest income Interest expense Loss attributable to equity method investments Other, net Income before income taxes * The deferred revenue fair value adjustment is a purchase price accounting adjustment related to MatrixCare which was acquired on November 13, 2018. 124.9 74.9 9.4 6.1 41.2 5.3 (2.3) 36.2 15.8 10.7 518.8 $ $ $ $ 2,183.2 157.0 - 157.0 2,340.2 656.3 55.2 711.5 104.9 46.4 18.4 - - - (16.4) 28.4 - 8.5 521.3 - 71 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 The following table summarizes our net revenue disaggregated by segment, product and region for the years ended June 30, 2019 , 2018 and 2017 (in millions): 2019 2018 2017 U.S., Canada and Latin America Devices Masks and other Total Sleep and Respiratory Care Software as a Service Total Combined Europe, Asia and other markets Devices Masks and other Total Sleep and Respiratory Care Global revenue Devices Masks and other Total Sleep and Respiratory Care Software as a Service Total $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 743.1 677.4 1,420.5 275.8 1,696.3 618.5 291.8 910.3 1,361.6 969.2 2,330.8 275.8 2,606.6 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 689.6 600.5 1,290.1 157.0 1,447.1 614.0 279.1 893.1 1,303.6 879.6 2,183.2 157.0 2,340.2 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ Revenue information by geographic area for the years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 is summarized below (in million s): United States Rest of the World Total 2019 2018 2017 $ $ 1,588.7 1,017.9 2,606.6 $ $ 1,345.2 995.0 2,340.2 $ $ 632.7 539.3 1,172.0 138.1 1,310.1 528.3 228.3 756.6 1,161.0 767.6 1,928.6 138.1 2,066.7 1,229.2 837.5 2,066.7 Long-lived assets of geographic areas are those assets used in our operations in each geographical area, and excludes goodwill, other intangible assets, and deferred tax assets. Long-lived assets by geographic area as of June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 , is summarized below (in million s): United States Australia Rest of the World Total 2019 2018 2017 $ $ 149.7 165.5 72.3 387.5 $ $ 142.3 173.4 70.8 386.5 $ $ 150.7 183.1 60.4 394.2 - 72 - Table of Contents PART II (16) Stock-based Employee Compensation RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 We measure the compensation expense of all stock-based awards at fair value on the grant date. We estimate the fair value of stock options and purchase rights granted under the ESPP using the Black-Scholes valuation model. The fair value of restricted stock units is equal to the market value of the underlying shares as determined at the grant date less the fair value of dividends that holders are not entitled to, during the vesting period. We recognize the fair value as compensation expense using the straight-line method over the service period for awards expected to vest. We estimate the fair value of stock options granted under our stock option plans and purchase rights granted under the ESPP using the following assumptions: Stock options: Weighted average grant date fair value Weighted average risk-free interest rate Expected life in years Dividend yield Expected volatility ESPP purchase rights: Weighted average grant date fair value Weighted average risk-free interest rate Expected life in years Dividend yield Expected volatility 2019 Fiscal Year Ended June 30, 2018 2017 $ $ 21.92 2.96% 4.9 1.34% - 1.46% 23% 22.12 2.4% 6 months 1.40% - 1.47% 23% $ $ 16.68 2.08% 4.9 1.46% - 1.65% 23% 17.44 0.8% 6 months 1.47% - 1.92% 23% $ $ 10.89 1.61% 4.9 2.02% - 2.29% 25% 12.50 0.5% 6 months 1.92% - 2.27% 23% During the fiscal years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , we granted 139,000 and 167,000 , performance restricted stock units (“PRSUs”), which contain a market condition, with the ultimate realizable number of PRSUs dependent on relative total stockholder return over a three -year period, up to a maximum amount to be issued under the award of 2 25 % of the original grant. The weighted average grant date fair value of PRSUs granted during the fiscal years 2019 and 2018 was estimated at $98.23 and $76.20 per PRSU, respectively, using a Monte-Carlo simulation valuation model. The following table summarizes the total stock-based compensation costs incurred and the associated tax benefit recognized during the years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands): Cost of sales - capitalized as part of inventory Selling, general and administrative expenses Research and development expenses Stock-based compensation costs Tax benefit Stock-based compensation costs, net of tax benefit (17) Employee Retirement Plans 2019 2018 2017 $ $ 3,043 $ 42,700 6,330 52,073 (26,658) 25,415 $ 2,990 $ 39,754 5,668 48,412 (17,078) 31,334 $ 2,877 37,096 5,952 45,925 (20,100) 25,825 We contribute to a number of employee retirement plans for the benefit of our employees. Details of the main plans are as follows: (1) Australia - We contribute to defined contribution plans for each employee resident in Australia. All Australian employees, after serving a qualifying period, are entitled to benefits on retirement, disability or death. Employees may contribute additional funds to the plans. We contribute to the plans at the rate of approximately 9.5 % of the salaries of all Australian employees. Our total contributions to the plans for the years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 , were $ 10.0 million, $ 10.5 million and $ 9.9 million, respectively. (2) United States - We sponsor a defined contribution plan available to substantially all domestic employees. Company contributions to this plan are based on a percentage of employee contributions to a maximum of 4.0 % of the employee’s salary. Our total contributions to the plan were $ 6.7 million, $ 5.0 million and $ 4.3 million in fiscal 2019, 2018 and 2017 , respectively. (3) Singapore - We sponsor a defined contribution plan available to substantially all domestic employees. Company contributions to this plan are based on a percentage of employee contributions to a maximum of 17.0% of the employee’s salary. Our total contributions to the plan were $2.6 million, $ 2.2 million and $1.7 million in fiscal 2019 , 2018 and 2017 , respectively. - 73 - Table of Contents PART II (18) Commitments RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 We lease buildings, motor vehicles and office equipment under operating leases. We expense rental charges for operating leases on a straight- line basis over the lease term taking into account rent concessions or holidays. Rent expenses under operating leases for the years ended June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 , were approximately $ 23.4 million, $ 21.1 million and $ 20.1 million, respectively. At June 30, 2019 we had the following future minimum lease payments under non-cancelable operating leases (in thousands): Fiscal Years 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Thereafter Total minimum lease payments 23,500 17,161 12,403 9,478 7,916 27,555 98,013 Operating Leases $ $ As outlined in note 3 – new accounting pronouncements, and in relation to ASU No. 2016-02, “Leases” , we expect to recognize additional right- of-use assets and lease liabilities for operating leases of approximately $ 60.0 million to $7 0.0 million as of July 1, 2019 , excluding the impact of our evaluation of lease terms and several contracts that may contain an embedded lease . The table above includes operating leases that have been executed and are non-cancelable but will not commence in accordance with the provisions of the new leases guidance until after the adoption date and , therefore, will not be included in the right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for operating leases at the date of adoption. (19) Legal Actions and Contingencies Litigation In the normal course of business, we are subject to routine litigation incidental to our business. While the results of this litigation cannot be predicted with certainty, we believe that their final outcome will not, individually or in aggregate, have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements taken as a whole. Taxation Matters As described in note 14 – Income Taxes, we received Notices of Amended Assessments from the ATO for the tax years 2009 to 2013. Based on these assessments, the ATO asserted that we owe $151.7 million in additional income tax and $38.4 million in accrued interest, of which $75.9 million was paid in April 2018 under a payment arrangement with the ATO. In June 2018, we received a notice from the ATO claiming penalties of 50% of the additional income tax that was assessed, or $75.9 million. At September 30, 2018, we recorded a receivable in prepaid taxes and other non-current assets for the amount paid as we ultimately expect this will be refunded by the ATO. We do not agree with the ATO’s assessments and we continue to believe we are more likely than not to be successful in defending our position. However, if we are not successful, we will not receive a refund of the amount paid in April 2018 and we would be required to pay the remaining additional income tax, accrued interest and penalties, which would be recorded as income tax expense. The ATO is currently auditing tax years 2014 to 2017, and we have also been notified by the ATO that they intend to audit tax year 2018. In connection with the recent U.S. Tax Act and the analysis of historical tax filings, we identified an administrative oversight in our prior year tax filing relating to a gain on an intern al legal entity reorganization. We have applied for relief from the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) and have amended the related tax returns required to correct the administrative oversight, which would indefinitely defer the recognition of this gain. We believe it is more likely than not that we will be granted this relief and therefore, have not recorded a reserve in relation to this matter during the year ended June 30 , 2019. Contingent Obligations Under Recourse Provisions We use independent financing institutions to offer some of our customers financing for the purchase of some of our products. Under these arrangements, if the customer qualifies under the financing institutions’ credit criteria and finances the transaction, the customers repay the financing institution on a fixed payment plan. For some of these arrangements, the customer’s receivable balance is with recourse, either limited or full, whereby we are responsible for repaying the financing company should the customer default. We record a contingent provision, which is estimated based on historical default rates. This is applied to receivables sold with recourse and is recorded in accrued expenses. - 74 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 The following table summarizes the amount of receivables sold with recourse during the years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 (in thousands): Total receivables sold: Full recourse Limited recourse Total 2019 2018 $ $ 33,954 98,123 132,077 $ $ 25,829 79,397 105,226 The following table summarizes the maximum exposure on outstanding receivables sold with recourse and provision for doubtful accounts at June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 (in thousands): Maximum exposure on outstanding receivables: Full recourse Limited recourse Total Contingent provision for receivables with recourse (2 0 ) Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities 2019 2018 $ $ $ 19,209 10,241 29,450 (1,752) $ $ $ 20,139 9,239 29,378 (2,277) We transact business in various foreign currencies, including a number of major European currencies as well as the Australian and Singapore dollars. We have significant foreign currency exposure through both our Australian and Singaporean manufacturing activities, and international sales operations. We have established a foreign currency hedging program using purchased currency options and forward contracts to hedge foreign-currency-denominated financial assets, liabilities and manufacturing cash flows. The terms of such foreign currency hedging contracts generally do not exceed three years. The goal of this hedging program is to economically manage the financial impact of foreign currency exposures denominated mainly in Euros, Australian and Singapore dollars. Under this program, increases or decreases in our foreign currency denominated financial assets, liabilities, and firm commitments are partially offset by gains and losses on the hedging instruments. We do not designate these foreign currency contracts as hedges. We have determined our hedge program to be a non-effective hedge as defined under the FASB issued authoritative guidance. All movements in the fair value of the foreign currency instruments are recorded within other income, net in our consolidated statements of income and through changes in our operating assets and liabilities within our consolidated statements of cash flows. We do not enter into financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. We held foreign currency instruments with notional amounts totaling $496.9 million and $462.1 million at June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , respectively, to hedge foreign currency fluctuations. These contracts mature at various dates prior to June, 2021. The following table summarizes the amount and location of our derivative financial instruments as of June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 (in thousands): Foreign currency hedging instruments Foreign currency hedging instruments Foreign currency hedging instruments 2019 2018 371 (244) (19) 108 $ $ 281 (2,373) (607) (2,699) $ $ Balance Sheet Caption Other assets - current Accrued expenses Other long-term liabilities The following table summarizes the amount and location of gains (losses) associated with our derivative financial instruments and other foreign- currency-denominated transactions for the years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , respectively (in thousands): Foreign currency hedging instruments Other foreign-currency-denominated transactions Gain /(Loss) Recognized 2018 2019 $ $ 1,893 (181) 1,712 $ $ (21,294) 19,748 (1,546) Income Statement Caption Other, net Other, net We are exposed to credit-related losses in the event of non-performance by counter parties to financial instruments. We minimize counterparty credit risk by entering into derivative transactions with major financial institutions and we do not expect material losses as a result of default by our counterparties. - 75 - Table of Contents PART II (21) Business Combinations RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 Fiscal year ended June 30, 2019 MatrixCare On November 13, 2018, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the shares in MatrixCare Inc. and its subsidiaries (“MatrixCare”), a provider of software solutions for skilled nursing, life plan communities, senior living and private duty, for base purchase consideration paid of $750.0 million. This acquisition has been accounted for as a business combination using purchase accounting and included in our consolidated financial statements from November 13, 2018. The acquisition was paid for using borrowings under our revolving credit facility. We have not finalized the purchase price allocation in relation to this acquisition as certain appraisals associated with the valuation of intangible assets and income tax positions are not yet complete. We do not believe that the completion of this work will materially modify the preliminary purchase price allocation. We expect to complete our purchase price allocation during the quarter ending December 31, 2019. The cost of the acquisition was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on estimates of their fair values at the date of acquisition. The goodwill recognized as part of the acquisition is reflected in the Software as a Service segment and is not deductible for tax purposes. It mainly represents the synergies that are unique to our combined businesses and the potential for new products and services to be developed in the future. The preliminary fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, and the estimated useful lives of intangible assets acquired are as follows (in thousands): Current assets Property, plant and equipment Trade names Developed technology Customer relationships Goodwill Assets acquired Current liabilities Deferred revenue Deferred tax liabilities Debt assumed Total liabilities assumed Net assets acquired Intangible assets - useful life 7 years 7 years 15 years Preliminary 50,325 4,401 18,000 133,000 114,000 517,995 837,721 (13,751) (18,339) (41,570) (151,665) (225,325) 612,396 $ $ $ $ A reconciliation of the base consideration to the net consideration is as follows (in thousands): Base consideration Cash acquired Debt assumed Net working capital and other adjustments Net consideration 750,000 15,873 (151,665) (1,812) 612,396 $ During the year ended June 30, 2019 , revenues of $79.2 million and losses from operations of $9.1 million related to MatrixCare were included in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income . The losses from operations for the year ended June 30, 2019 was negatively impacted by $19.0 million of amortization of acquired intangible assets and fair value purchase price adjustments relating to deferred revenue of $5.3 million. Excluding the impact of these items, revenue for the year ended June 30, 2019 was $84.6 million and income from operations was $15.3 million. The acquisition is considered a material business combination and accordingly unaudited pro forma information presented below for the year ended June 30, 2019, include s the effects of pro forma adjustments as if the acquisition of MatrixCare occurred on July 1, 2017. The pro forma results were prepared using the acquisition method of accounting and combine our historical results and MatrixCare’s for the year s ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, including the effects of the business combination, primarily amortization expense related to the fair value of identifiable intangible assets acquired, interest expense associated with the financing obtained by us in connection with the acquisition, and the elimination of incurred acquisition-related costs. - 76 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 The pro forma financial information presented below is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have been achieved if the acquisition occurred at the beginning of the earliest period presented, nor is it intended to be a projection of future results. Unaudited Pro Forma Consolidated Results (In thousands, except per share information) Revenue Net income Basic earnings per share Diluted earnings per share 2019 2018 $ $ $ $ 2,652,059 446,721 3.12 3.09 $ $ $ $ 2,457,242 295,628 2.07 2.05 The unaudited pro forma consolidated results for the years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 reflect primarily the following pro forma pre- tax adjustments: · Net amortization expense related to the fair value of identifiable intangible assets acquired of $0.6 million and $8.3 million for the years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , respectively. · Net interest expense associated with debt that was issued to finance the acquisition of $2.6 million and $12.7 million for the years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , respectively. · Elimination of pre-tax acquisition-related costs incurred by ResMed and MatrixCare of $3.7 million and $16.7 million, respectively, for the year ended June 30, 2019. · Net income tax expense of $1.8 million and $3.2 million for the years ended June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018 , respectively. Other acquisitions During the year ended June 30, 2019 we have completed the following acquisitions: · On July 6, 2018, Holding Company we completed the acquisition of 100% of the shares in HEALTHCAREfirst (“HEALTHCAREfirst”), a provider of software solutions and services for home health and hospice agencies, for a total purchase consideration of $126.3 million. · On October 15, 2018, we completed the acquisition of 100% of the shares in HB Healthcare, a homecare provider in South Korea. · On December 11, 2018, we completed the acquisition of assets in Interactive Health Network, a provider of integrated clinical and financial management software solution for long-term care companies. · On December 13, 2018, we completed the acquisition of assets in Apacheta, a provider of cloud-based SaaS software that manages the medical equipment delivery process for home medical equipment dealers. · On January 6, 2019, we completed the acquisition of Propeller Health, a digital therapeutics company providing connected health solutions for people living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and asthma, for a total purchase consideration of $242.9 million, which adjusts for cash acquired and debt assumed at the time of acquisition. We previously held a non-controlling interest in Propeller Health’s outstanding shares. As a result of the acquisition, we recognized a fair value gain of $1.9 million in other income during the year ended June 30, 2019 associated with the previous equity investment. These acquisitions have been accounted for as business combinations using purchase accounting and are included in our consolidated financial statements from the acquisition dates. These acquisitions, individually and collectively, are not considered a material business combination and accordingly pro forma information is not provided. The acquisitions were funded by drawing on our existing credit facility and through cash on- hand. We have not completed the purchase price allocation in relation to these acquisitions and we expect to complete this during the six months ending December 31, 2019 . We do not believe that the completion of this work will materially modify the preliminary purchase price allocation for these acquisitions. The cost of the share acquisitions was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on estimates of their fair values at the date of acquisition. The goodwill recognized as part of these acquisitions, which is predominantly not deductible for tax purposes, mainly represents the synergies that are unique to our combined businesses and the potential for new products and services to be developed in the future. Goodwill from these acquisitions has been reflected in the Software as a Service segment except for the goodwill resulting from the HB Healthcare and Propeller Health acquisitions, which have been recorded in the Sleep and Respiratory Care segment. - 77 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 The fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed of all other acquisitions, excluding MatrixCare, and the estimated useful lives of intangible assets acquired are as follows (in thousands): Current assets Property, plant and equipment Deferred tax assets Trade names Non-compete Developed technology Customer relationships Goodwill Assets acquired Current liabilities Deferred revenue Debt assumed Total liabilities assumed Net assets acquired Intangible assets - useful life 10 years 3 years 5 to 6 years 5 to 15 years Preliminary 31,648 2,290 5,211 9,638 1,000 65,600 42,352 276,325 434,064 (6,641) (3,619) (35,104) (45,364) 388,700 $ $ $ $ During the year ended June 30, 2019, we recorded $6.1 million in acquisition related expenses. Fiscal year ended June 30, 2018 During the year ended June 30, 2018, we did not complete any material acquisitions or record any acquisition related expense. Fiscal year ended June 30, 2017 On May 31, 2017, we completed the acquisition of assets in Conduit Technology, LLC (“Conduit”), a provider of documentation and workflow solutions. On June 30, 2017, we completed the acquisition of assets in AllCall Connect, LLC (“AllCall”), a provider of a live-calling solution for CPAP patient resupply. These acquisitions have been accounted for as business combinations using purchase accounting and are included in our consolidated financial statements from their respective acquisition dates. The acquisitions, individually and collectively, are not considered a material business combination and accordingly pro forma information is not provided. The acquisitions were funded through cash on-hand. During the year ended June 30, 2017, we recognized a charge of $10.1 million in acquisition related expenses representing additional contingent consideration associated with the previous acquisition of Curative Medical Technology Inc., following the achievement of performance milestones. (22) Restructuring Expenses During the year ended June 30, 2019 , we incurred restructuring expenses of $ 9.4 million associated with the reorganization, rationalization and relocation of some of our research and development and SaaS operations including the closure of our German research and development site. We recorded the full amount of $9.4 million during the year ended June 30, 2019 , within our operating expenses, which was separately disclosed as restructuring expenses and had $5 . 4 million remaining in our accruals at year end . The restructuring expenses consisted primarily of severance payments to employees and contract exit costs associated with several impacted sites . Duri ng the year ended June 30, 2018, we incurred restructuring expenses of $ 9.4 million associated with a global strategic workforce planning review, which resulted in a reduction in headcount across most of our functions and locations and closure of our Paris site. We recorded the full amount of $18.4 million during the year ended June 30, 2018, within our operating expenses which was separately disclosed as restructuring expenses . We had $1.5 million remaining in our employee related costs accrual at June 30, 2018, which was paid during the year ended June 30, 2019 . The restructuring expenses consisted primarily of severance payments to employees and the remaining expense relating to legal and consulting services associated with the completion of the employee severances and contract exit costs associated with the Paris site. During the year ended June 30, 2017, we incurred restructuring expenses of $12.4 million associated with the reorganization of our Paris manufacturing activities and German research and development activities. The restructuring expenses consisted primarily of severance payments to employees, site closure costs and associated project cancellation costs. - 78 - Table of Contents PART II (2 3 ) Litigation Settlement Expenses RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements Item 8 During the year ended June 30, 201 9 we recognized litigation settlement expenses of $ 41 . 2 million associated with a tentative agreement with Office of Inspector General of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services to civilly resolve these matter s . The amount consists of the estimated payment in relation to these matters as well as additional fees and administrative costs that typically accompany such a resolution. A resolution may also include ongoing obligations, such as any imposed under a corporate integrity agreement. However, we have not yet completed negotiations, and there can be no assurance as to whether or when the parties will finalize any such negotiated resolution or what the f inal terms of such a resolution will be . During the fiscal year ended June 30, 2017 we recognized litigation settlement expenses of $8.5 million associated with an agreement with Chinese manufacturer, BMC Medical, and its U.S. distributor, 3B, to s ettle all outstanding disputes. (24) Subsequent Events On July 10, 2019, we entered into a Note Purchase Agreement (the “ Note Purchase Agreement ”) with the purchasers to that agreement, in connection with the issuance and sale of $250.0 million principal amount of our 3.24% senior notes due July 10, 2026 , and $250.0 million principal amount of our 3.45% senior notes due July 10, 2029 . The net proceeds from this transaction were used to pay down borrowings on our senior unsecured revolving credit facility . Under the terms of the Note Purchase Agreement, we agreed to customary covenants including with respect to our corporate existence, transactions with affiliates, and mergers and other extraordinary transactions. We also agreed that, subject to limited exceptions, we will maintain a ratio of consolidated funded debt to consolidated EBITDA of no more than 3.50 to 1.00 as of the last day of any fiscal quarter, and will not at any time permit the amount of all secured and unsecured debt of us and our subsidiaries to exceed 10% of our consolidated tangible assets, determined as of the end of our most recently ended fiscal quarter. - 79 - Table of Contents PART II Item 8 SCHEDULE II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS AND RESERVES June 30, 2019, 2018 and 2017 (in thousands) Year ended June 30, 2019 Applied against asset account Allowance for doubtful accounts Year ended June 30, 2018 Applied against asset account Allowance for doubtful accounts Year ended June 30, 2017 Applied against asset account Allowance for doubtful accounts Balance at Beginning of Period Charged to costs and expenses Other (deductions) Balance at End of Period $ $ $ 19,258 $ 12,379 $ (6,466) $ 25,171 11,150 $ 15,189 $ (7,081) $ 19,258 12,555 $ 4,269 $ (5,674) $ 11,150 See accompanying report of independent registered public accounting firm. - 80 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Items 9 – 9B ITEM 9 CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE None. ITEM 9A CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, as appropriate, to allow for timely decisions regarding required disclosure. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. As required by SEC Rule 13a-15(b), we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of June 30, 2019 . Based on the foregoing, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level as of June 30, 2019 . There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting during our most recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting. - 81 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Items 9 – 9B MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Our internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. Our internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: (i) Pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of our assets; (ii) Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and directors; and (iii) Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. Management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2019 . In making this assessment, management used the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Management’s assessment included an evaluation of the design of our internal control over financial reporting and testing of the operational effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting. Management reviewed the results of its assessment with the audit committee of our board of directors. Based on that assessment under the framework in Internal Control-Integrated Framework (2013), management concluded that the company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of June 30, 2019 . KPMG LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, who audited and reported on the consolidated financial statements of ResMed, Inc. included in this report, has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting excludes the evaluation of the internal controls over financial reporting of MatrixCare Inc , which was acquired on November 13, 2018. The amounts excluded from the fiscal year 2019 scope represent $792.3 million of our consolidated total assets as of June 30, 2019 and $79.2 million of our consolidated net revenue for the year ended June 30, 2019. - 82 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Items 9 – 9B To the Stockholders and Board of Directors ResMed Inc.: Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting We have audited ResMed Inc. and subsidiaries’ (the Company) internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2019, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of June 30, 2019 and 2018, the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended June 30, 2019, and the related notes and financial statement schedule II (collectively, the consolidated financial statements), and our report dated August 7, 2019 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements. The Company acquired MatrixCare, Inc., during 2019, and management excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2019, MatrixCare, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting associated with total assets of $792.3 million (of which $766.2 million represents goodwill and intangible assets included within the scope of the assessment) and total revenues of $79.2 million included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended June 30, 2019. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of MatrixCare, Inc. Basis for Opinion The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting . Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely - 83 - Table of Contents PART II RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Items 9 – 9B detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. S an Diego, California August 7, 2019 - 84 - Table of Contents PART II ITEM 9B OTHER INFORMATION None. RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Items 9 – 9B - 85 - Table of Contents PART III RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES PART III Items 10 – 14 ITEM 10 DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE Information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from our definitive proxy statement for our next annual meeting of stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after June 30, 2019 . We have filed as exhibits to this report for the year ended June 30, 2019 , the certifications of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer required by Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. ITEM 11 EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION Information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from our definitive proxy statement for our next annual meeting of stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after June 30, 2019 . ITEM 12 SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS Information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from our definitive proxy statement for our next annual meeting of stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after June 30, 2019 . ITEM 13 CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE Information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from our definitive proxy statement for our next annual meeting of stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after June 30, 2019 . ITEM 14 PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES Information required by this Item is incorporated by reference from our definitive proxy statement for our next annual meeting of stockholders, which will be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission within 120 days after June 30, 2019 . - 86 - Table of Contents PART IV RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES PART IV ITEM 15 EXHIBITS AND CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES The following documents are filed as part of this report: Items 15 – 16 (a) (b) 2.1 3.1 3.2 4.1 10.1 10.2* 10.3* 10.4* 10.5* 10.6* 10.7* 10.8* 10.9 10.10 10.11* 10.12 10.13 10.14 10.15 10.16 10.17 10.18 Consolidated Financial Statements and Schedules – The index to our consolidated financial statements and schedules are set forth in the “Index to Consolidated Financial Statements” under Item 8 of this report. Exhibit Lists Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated November 5, 2018, by and among ResMed Operations Inc., Evolved Sub, Inc., ResMed Inc., OPEL GI Holdings Limited, in its capacity as the agent acting on behalf of the holders of common stock of MatrixCare Holdings, Inc., and MatrixCare Holdings, Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed on November 8, 2018) First Restated Certificate of Incorporation of ResMed Inc., as amended. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2013) Fifth Amended and Restated Bylaws of ResMed Inc. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K/A filed on September 17, 2012) Form of certificate evidencing shares of Common Stock. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 33-91094) declared effective on June 1, 1995) Licensing Agreement between the University of Sydney and ResMed Ltd dated May 17, 1991, as amended. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 33-91094) declared effective on June 1, 1995) ResMed Inc. 2006 Incentive Award Plan. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed on November 15, 2006) Amendment No. 1 to the ResMed Inc. 2006 Incentive Award Plan. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2006, filed on February 8, 2007) 2006 Grant agreement for Board of Directors. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.25 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2006) 2006 Grant agreement for Executive Officers. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.27 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2007) 2006 Grant agreement for Australian Executive Officers. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 2006, filed on February 8, 2007) Form of Executive Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed on July 13, 2007) Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan dated November 20, 2008. (Incorporated by reference to Appendix A of the Registrant’s Definitive Proxy Statement filed on October 15, 2008) Form of Indemnification Agreements for our directors and officers. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed on June 24, 2009) Form of Access Agreement for directors. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed on June 24, 2009) Updated Form of Executive Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed on July 2, 2012) Amendment and Restatement to the ResMed Inc. 2009 Incentive Award Plan. (Incorporated by reference to Appendix B of ResMed Inc.’s Proxy Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on September 25, 2017.) ResMed Inc. 2009 Incentive Award Plan . (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed on November 23, 2009) ResMed Inc. Deferred Compensation Plan. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed on May 28, 2010) Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Executive Officers. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2011, filed on November 3, 2011) Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Directors. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2011, filed on November 3, 2011) Form of Stock Option Grant for Executive Officers. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2011, filed on November 3, 2011) Form of Stock Option Grant for Directors. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2011, filed on November 3, 2011) - 87 - Table of Contents PART IV Items 15 – 16 10.19 10.20 10.21 10.22 10.23 10.24 10.25 21.1 23.1 31.1 31.2 32.1 101 RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement for Executive Officers. (Incorporated by reference to Appendix A of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement filed October 4, 2012) Amended and Restated Credit Agreement dated as of April 17, 2018, by and among ResMed Inc., as borrower, each of the lenders identified on the Revolving Credit Agreement’s signature pages as a lender, MUFG Union Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, joint lead arranger, joint book runner, swing line lender and l/c issuer, and Westpac Banking Corporation, as syndication agent, joint lead arranger and joint book runner. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed on April 19, 2018) Amended and Restated Unconditional Guaranty dated as of April 17, 2018, by each of the guarantors identified on the Revolving Facility Guaranty’s signature pages as a guarantor, in favor of MUFG Union Bank, N.A., in its capacity as administrative agent under the Revolving Credit Agreement. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed on April 19, 2018) Syndicated Facility Agreement, dated as of April 17, 2018, by and among ResMed Limited, as borrower, the other parties party thereto, each of the lenders identified on the Term Credit Agreement’s signature pages as a lender, MUFG Union Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, joint lead arranger and joint book runner, and Westpac Banking Corporation, as syndication agent, joint lead arranger and joint book runner . (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed on April 19, 2018) Unconditional Guaranty dated as of April 17, 2018, by each of the guarantors identified on the Term Facility Guaranty’s signature pages as a guarantor, in favor of MUFG Union Bank, N.A., in its capacity as administrative agent under the Term Credit Agreement . (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed on April 19, 2018) First Amendment to Amended and Restated C redit Agreement, dated November 5, 2018, by and among ResMed Inc., as borrower, each of the lenders identified in the First Amendment, MUFG Union Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, joint lead arranger, joint book runner, swing line lender and letter of credit issuer, and Westpac Banking Corporation, as syndication agent, joint lead arranger and joint book runner. (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Registrant’s Report on Form 8-K filed on November 8, 2018) The ResMed Inc. 2018 Employee Stock Purchase Plan . (Incorporated by reference to Appendix B of ResMed Inc.’s Proxy Statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 3, 2018.) Subsidiaries of the Registrant. Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The following materials from ResMed Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2019 formatted in Extensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Consolidated Statements of Income, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity and Comprehensive Income, (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (v) related notes. * Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement ITEM 16 FORM 10-K SUMMARY None. - 88 - Table of Contents PART IV RESMED INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES SIG NATURES Signatures Under the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the authorized persons below. DATED August 7, 2019 ResMed Inc. /s/ MICHAEL J. FARRELL Michael J. Farrell Chief executive officer (Principal Executive Officer) Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. SIGNATURE TITLE /S/ MICHAEL J. FARRELL Michael J. Farrell Chief executive officer and director (Principal Executive Officer) /S/ BRETT A. SANDERCOCK Brett A. Sandercock Chief financial officer (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) DATE August 7, 2019 August 7, 2019 /S/ PETER C. FARRELL Peter C. Farrell /S/ CAROL J. BURT Carol J. Burt /S/ JAN De WITTE Jan De Witte /S/ RICHARD SULPIZIO Richard Sulpizio /S/ RON TAYLOR Ron Taylor /S/ JOHN P. WAREHAM John P. Wareham /S/ KAREN DREXLER Karen Drexler /S/ HARJIT GILL Harjit Gill Non-executive chairman August 7, 2019 Director Director Director Director Director Director Director August 7, 2019 August 7, 2019 August 7, 2019 August 7, 2019 August 7, 2019 August 7, 2019 August 7, 2019 - 89 - EXHIBIT 21.1 RESMED INC. SUBSIDIARIES OF THE REGISTRANT AS OF JUNE 30, 201 9 Company ResMed Corp. ResMed (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd ResMed (UK) Limited ResMed (EPN) Limited ResMed Asia Pacific Pty Limited ResMed Beteiligungs GmbH ResMed Finland OY ResMed Holdings Pty Limited ResMed Hong Kong Limited ResMed Germany Inc. ResMed KK ResMed Pty Limited ResMed Asia Operations Pty Ltd ResMed New Zealand Limited ResMed GmbH Verwaltung ResMed GmbH and Co KG ResMed SAS ResMed Sweden AB ResMed Motor Technologies Inc. ResMed Schweiz AG ResMed Austria Medizintechnik GmbH ResMed R&D Germany GmbH ResMed Deutschland GmbH ResMed Medizintechnik GmbH ResMed Brasil Ltda ResMed Colombia SAS ResMed Norway AS ResMed Nederland BV ResMed Paris SAS ResMed Mexico, S de R.L. de C.V. ResMed India Private Ltd ResMed (Beijing) Medical Device Co., Ltd ResMed Enterprise Management (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd Healing Partner Limited ResMed European Operations B.V ResMed Malaysia Operations Sdn Bhd ResMed Sensor Technologies Ltd ResMed Humidification Technologies GmbH Healthcare Investment Holdings Pty Ltd ResMed Halifax Inc. ResMed Korea Ltd ResMed Taiwan Co., Ltd ResMed European Holdings Ltd ResMed Polska Sp Zoo ResMed CZ s.r.o. ResMed Sleep Solutions Limited ResMed Capital Holdings Pty Ltd ResMed Investment Holdings Pty Ltd Jaysec Technologies LLC CPAP Australia Pty Limited Sleep and Breathing Solutions Pty Limited ResSleep International Pty Limited ResSleep Pty Ltd ResSleep Franchise Pty Ltd NewSleep Pty Ltd KewSleep Pty Ltd EdenSleep New Zealand Limited Bennett Precision Tooling Pty Limited Inova Labs, Inc. EXHIBIT 21.1 Jurisdiction of Formation Minnesota Malaysia United Kingdom United Kingdom Australia Germany Finland Australia Hong Kong Delaware Japan Australia Australia New Zealand Germany Germany France Sweden Delaware Switzerland Austria Germany Germany Germany Brazil Colombia Norway Netherlands France Mexico India China China Hong Kong Netherlands Malaysia Republic of Ireland Germany Australia Canada Republic of Korea Taiwan United Kingdom Poland Czech Republic United Kingdom Australia Australia Tennessee Australia Australia Australia Australia Australia Australia Australia New Zealand Australia Delaware Brightree LLC Brightree Services LLC Brightree Home Health & Hospice LLC MedAct, LLC Brightree Patient Collections LLC Brightree Limited Curative Medical Technology Inc. Curative Medical (Hong Kong) Ltd Curative Medical Devices GmbH Curative Medical Technology (Beijing) Ltd Curative Medical Technology (Suzhou) Ltd ResMed Maribo A/S ResMed Operations Inc. ResMed Global Holdings Ltd Resmed Asia Pte Ltd ResMed Data Solutions, Ltd. ResMed Asia (Thailand) Co., Ltd Healthcare first Holding Company HCF Holdco Company Healthcare first , Inc. CareFacts Information Systems, LLC Lewis Computer Services, LLC HB Healthcare Ltd MatrixCare Holdings, Inc MatrixCare, Inc MatrixCare India Private Limited Reciprocal Labs Corporation (dba Propeller Health) Propeller Health UK, Ltd. Delaware Delaware Delaware Texas Delaware United Kingdom Cayman Islands Hong Kong Germany China China Denmark Delaware United Kingdom Singapore Republic of Ireland Thailand Delaware Delaware Texas Minnesota Delaware Korea Delaware Delaware India Delaware United Kingdom EXHIBIT 23.1 CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM EXHIBIT 23.1 The Board of Directors ResMed Inc.: We consent to the incorporation by reference in the registration statements on Form S-8 (Nos. 333-08013, 333-88231, 333-115048, 333-140350, 333-140351, 333-156065, 333-164527, 333-167183, 333-181317, 333-186386 , 333-194225 and 333-224537 ) of ResMed Inc. of our reports dated August 7 , 201 9 , with respect to the consolidated balance sheets of ResMed Inc. and subsidiaries as of June 30, 201 9 and 201 8 , and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three-year period ended June 30, 201 9 , and the related notes and financial statement schedule II (collectively, the “consolidated financial statem ents ” ) , and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 201 9 , which reports appear in the June 30, 201 9 annual report on Form 10- K of ResMed Inc. Our report dated August 7, 2019, on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2019, contains an explanatory paragraph that states management excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of June 30, 2019, MatrixCare, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting associated with total assets of $792.3 million (of which $766.2 million represents goodwill and intangible assets included within the scope of the assessment) and total revenue of $79.2 million included in the consolidated financial statements of ResMed Inc. and subsidiaries as of and for the year ended June 30, 2019. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of ResMed Inc. and subsidiaries also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of MatrixCare, Inc. /s/ KPMG LLP …………………….. San Diego, California August 7 , 201 9 EXHIBIT 31.1 Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 EXHIBIT 31.1 I, Michael J. Farrell, certify that: 1. 2. 3. 4. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of ResMed Inc.; Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) (b) (c) (d) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ; Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) (b) August 7 , 201 9 All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. /s/ MICHAEL J. FARRELL ……………………………………………………… Michael J. Farrell Chief executive officer (Principal Executive Officer) EXHIBIT 31.2 Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 EXHIBIT 31.2 I, Brett A. Sandercock, certify that: 1. 2. 3. 4. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of ResMed Inc.; Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: (a) (b) (c) (d) Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles ; Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): (a) (b) August 7 , 201 9 All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. /s/ BRETT A. SANDERCOCK ………………………………………. Brett A. Sandercock Chief financial officer (Principal Financial Officer) EXHIBIT 32.1 EXHIBIT 32.1 The following certifications are being furnished solely to accompany the Report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and in accordance with SEC Release No. 33-8238. These certifications shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, nor shall they be incorporated by reference in any filing made by ResMed Inc. under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing. Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as created by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officer of ResMed Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), hereby certifies, to his knowledge, that: (i) (ii) the accompanying Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the year ended June 30, 201 9 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Dated: August 7 , 201 9 /s/ MICHAEL J. FARRELL ……………………………………………………… Michael J. Farrell Chief executive officer (Principal Executive Officer) A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to ResMed Inc. and will be retained by ResMed Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request. Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as created by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officer of ResMed Inc., a Delaware, corporation (the “Company”), hereby certifies, to his knowledge, that: (iii) (iv) the accompanying Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the year ended June 30, 201 9 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. Dated: August 7 , 201 9 /s/ BRETT A. SANDERCOCK ………………………………………. Brett A. Sandercock C hief f inancial o fficer (Principal Financial Officer) A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to ResMed Inc. and will be retained by ResMed Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.