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Ring Energy, Inc.
Annual Report 2016

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FY2016 Annual Report · Ring Energy, Inc.
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FOCUSED 
ON 
CANADA’S 
URBAN 
MARKETS

CORPORATE PROFILE

RioCan is Canada’s largest real estate investment trust with a
total enterprise value of approximately $14.6 billion. RioCan owns
and manages Canada’s largest portfolio of shopping centres,
including ownership interests in 300 retail and mixed-use
properties, with 15 properties under active development. RioCan
has an aggregate net leasable area (NLA) of more than 46 million
square feet. Concentrated in Canada’s six major markets of
Toronto, Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal, and Vancouver,
RioCan is Canada’s pre-eminent real estate investment trust.

THE 
CANADIAN 
URBAN 
MARKETS

RioCan creates spaces where we can all prosper. RioCan stays true to its founding principle of growth driven by
insight to deliver a steady or increased distribution to our Unitholders.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

IFC  CORPORATE PROFILE

1  THE CANADIAN URBAN MARKETS
2  CEO'S LETTER TO UNITHOLDERS
6  FOCUSED ON TORONTO, A CANADIAN URBAN MARKET
10  FOCUSED ON CALGARY, A CANADIAN URBAN MARKET
12  FOCUSED ON OTTAWA, A CANADIAN URBAN MARKET
14  PROPERTY PORTFOLIO
24  MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
95  FINANCIALS
137  CORPORATE INFORMATION

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT     2016

THE 
CANADIAN 
URBAN 
MARKETS

Vancouver

2.3 million

sq ft

Canada’s
western-most
major market
represents 2.3
million square
feet of leaseable
area under
management for
RioCan.

Greater Toronto
Area

19.3 million

sq ft
RioCan’s largest
market with
approximately 19
million square feet
representing 1/3
of the portfolio.

Ottawa/Hull

6.5 million

sq ft

RioCan’s second
largest market
representing 6.5
million square
feet and growing
with dynamic
projects like
Gloucester City
Centre.

Calgary

4.7 million

sq ft

RioCan’s largest
market in Western
Canada with 4.7
million square feet
of space under
management.

Edmonton

3.3 million

sq ft
A vital hub of
commerce and
energy, RioCan has
3.3 million square
feet of leasable area
under management.

Montreal

3.6 million

sq ft

One of Canada’s most
culturally vibrant markets
represents 3.6 million
square feet of leaseable
area for RioCan.

CEO’S LETTER TO UNITHOLDERS

FOCUSED  
ON CANADA

EDWARD SONSHINE, 
O.ONT., Q.C.
CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

RioCan — We Are Where You Want To Be
RioCan now, once again, has a dedicated focus on Canada,
where we began building the nation’s largest retail REIT
nearly twenty-five years ago. With a total enterprise value
of almost $15 billion, RioCan owns and manages Canada’s
foremost portfolio of shopping centres, and some of the
premier mixed-use locations in the country, such as RioCan
Yonge Eglinton Centre and the Yonge Sheppard Centre.
RioCan controls an aggregate net leasable area of more
than 46 million square feet focused in Canada’s six major
markets: Toronto, Ottawa, Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal,
and Vancouver. With annual rental revenue in excess of
$1.1 billion, RioCan is Canada’s pre-eminent real estate
investment trust.

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT     2016

Our “focused on Canada” strategy is derived from our
storied past. In the early 1990s, I envisioned the potential of
a Canadian REIT: a security that trades on a major exchange
and that invests in real estate directly, generating special tax
considerations for investors, coupled with growing
distributions over time. A REIT provides Unitholders a
method of investing in real estate while obtaining the
benefits of professional management, diversification of
properties and most importantly liquidity. Unitholders and
the investment community were enthusiastic about the
benefits of a REIT, and RioCan was listed on the Toronto
Stock Exchange in 1994.

Rags Davloor 
President, Chief Operating Officer & Corporate Secretary
I draw on more than 20 years of real estate and capital markets
experience to implement RioCan’s strategic vision and oversee the
operational success of the Trust.

Growth Through Insight
With an initial portfolio of less than one million square feet,
RioCan’s portfolio varied in property type and location.
Instead of a focus on Canada’s six major markets, the early
portfolio had an array of properties in primary, secondary
and tertiary markets.

Over a decade ago, we forecast significant population
growth in Canada’s six major markets, so we targeted our
portfolio accordingly by disposing of assets in secondary
and tertiary markets while acquiring properties in the
primary markets. The powerful growth of annual rental
revenue generated in these six markets validates our
strategy. In 2004, these markets generated less than 60% of
RioCan’s annual rental revenue. Today, this number has
increased to more than 75% of our annual rental revenue,
and we anticipate achieving our 80% target within the next
few years as projects within our present urban development
portfolio are completed.

RioCan’s success is aligned with that of our tenants, so
management continuously assesses retail and demographic
trends to ensure that our properties are innovative and
leading-edge. That’s why RioCan properties are at the
forefront of how people want to shop, live and work in the
21  century. Indeed, RioCan provides solutions that both
address leading trends but also help define the
communities of which we are a part.

st

RioCan’s Urban Intensification – Creating Spaces
Where We Can All Prosper
Urban transformation involves much more than bricks and
mortar. Building better futures means seeing communities
for what they are, imagining what they can be, and
implementing a plan, sometimes with selected partners, to
get them there. This is how RioCan delivers for our tenants,
customers and unitholders alike.

Today, we are witnessing the continuing demographic shift
that RioCan anticipated—and planned for. Canada’s major
markets are in the midst of major transformation in terms of
population growth and density, as well as investment in
transit infrastructure. Accordingly, RioCan will add
substantial value by intensifying our properties in selected
locations that were acquired or developed years ago.

To facilitate a large influx of people living, shopping, and
working in densely populated areas, cities are upgrading
their transit infrastructure. Land intensification is being
mandated in the suburbs, especially in conjunction with
major transit infrastructure expansion. This shift towards
land use intensification is central to our expansion and
redevelopment strategies of creating mixed-use
communities, near public transit in areas with compelling
demographic trends.

Jonathan Gitlin  
Senior Vice President, Investments & Residential
As a key figure in the growth of RioCan, I now lead the Trust’s efforts to
develop and implement our innovative residential and urban
intensification initiatives.

John Ballantyne  
Senior Vice President, Asset Management
As one of RioCan’s longest serving executives, I lead the Trust’s asset
management division, helping ensure that RioCan’s strategic vision for
its properties are realized.

Jeff Ross  
Senior Vice President, Leasing & Tenant Coordination
As a key executive I ensure that our strategic goals are met by finding
the right tenant for the right space, securing the success of our
properties.

RioCan’s development initiatives are central to our short-
term and long-term planning. All our decisions on property
acquisitions, development and management are based on
RioCan’s core competency: real estate. Our ability to scout
prize properties, from the standpoints of location,
demographic trends and income levels, allow us to
strategically acquire, operate, and develop jewels that will
shine brightly for tenants, residents, consumers and the
surrounding communities.

As a major owner of limited and costly land in highly
desirable urban cores and suburban transit ways, RioCan
intends to develop spaces that provide an optimal shopping
mix, often combining convenient and attractive living and,
on occasion, working opportunities.

RioCan has a long-term goal to develop more than 10,000
rental residential units in these high-demand markets
through its residential development initiative and already
has several buildings under construction with the first
occupancies expected towards the end of 2018. By forging
alliances and partnerships on larger projects such as The
Well featured in this report, RioCan mitigates some of the
risk in these capital-intensive developments.

RioCan has a proud history delivering rewarding
opportunities for our tenants and unitholders. Using our
combined decades of experience, RioCan delivers prosperity
for our stakeholders by making strategic decisions with
integrity. At RioCan, we help shape the future, but as
community stewards we have a responsibility to do it right,
to wisely cultivate growth, and in so doing, take our
stakeholders wherever they need to go.

2016: A Transformational Year
In 2009, RioCan capitalized on a historic opportunity and
expanded the portfolio into the United States, primarily in
densely populated centres in the north east, as well as in
major cities in Texas. Acting in a responsible and fiscally
disciplined manner, RioCan partnered with established
parties on these early acquisitions, as a means of widening
our scope of projects and mitigating risk. Once established,
we created our own operating platform in the United States.
We added value to the portfolio by increasing occupancy
and cash flow. Then, in 2016, RioCan capitalized on another
historically favourable opportunity: with property valuations
exceeding those in Canada and the significant rise in the
American dollar, RioCan sold its American stake for US $1.9
billion, realizing net proceeds of approximately $1.2 billion
Canadian.

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT     2016

Danny Kissoon 
Senior Vice President, Operations
I am responsible for RioCan’s properties adhering to high standards,
assuring a safe environment for our tenants and shoppers alike.

Andrew Duncan 
Senior Vice President, Developments
I help RioCan implement its vision for its new assets regarding design,
approvals, development, and ultimately construction.

Qi Tang 
Senior Vice President, Finance & Acting Chief  

Financial Officer
Using my extensive finance background, I assess RioCan’s forecasting,
budgeting, process re-engineering, and financial reporting to ensure
transparency and quality in our public reporting.

With a deep and experienced management team, an
entrepreneurial spirit, strong financial resources, and the
discipline to implement our vision, RioCan delivers on the
same key principle that has defined our REIT since
inception: maintaining or increasing our distributions to
Unitholders. Today, RioCan’s current financial strength
makes our distribution as secure and reliable as it has ever
been. Moreover, as our development projects move to
completion and generate revenue, and organic growth in our
portfolio is realized, it is our intention to resume regular
growth in our distributions.

I thank you—our Unitholders—for your ongoing support, and
I appreciate your continuing confidence in RioCan.

Ed Sonshine O.Ont., Q.C. 
Chief Executive Officer 
RioCan Real Estate Investment Trust

Our decision to divest in the United States this year was
both measured and prudent. In assessing whether to
proceed further in the United States, RioCan concluded
that the best opportunities for long-term growth were
based in Canada. Moreover, with improved valuations in the
U.S. markets, and a significant spread between the U.S. and
Canadian currencies, the timing was opportune to divest. As
a result, RioCan repatriated a significant amount of capital,
which enabled your REIT to reduce its leverage to a historic
low. Our decisions have proven sound: at the end of 2016
RioCan has the best balance sheet in our history. Our
leverage ratio was 39.7% as at December 31, 2016, which
provides the balance sheet strength and ample resources
necessary to execute RioCan’s urban development
initiatives.

Real Vision – Solid Ground
Since the inception of the Trust, RioCan has delivered on its
strategy to grow its portfolio across Canada. Today, our
approach is showcased with distinctive branding and
signage in bustling communities and a portfolio that is
strategically focused in Canada’s six major markets. To
assure success for our tenants, our centres must
successfully compete with ecommerce. Indeed, RioCan
centres offer consumers compelling experiences, including
leading movies and entertainment, a range of dining
options, dynamic social experiences, fitness and other
services. Additionally, consumers rely on RioCan properties
to provide a full array of leading retailers—and brands.

 
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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT     2016

 
The Well Toronto, Ontario
Stretching down the western side of Spadina Avenue
from Wellington to Front, The Well is located within
comfortable walking distance to the entertainment
district, financial district and waterfront, making it a
central hub in one of Toronto’s most vibrant areas.

At The Well, RioCan and its partners are bringing homes,
flexible office space and retail shops together to create a
new and entirely unique community in the heart of the
city. With three million square feet of mixed-use space,
The Well will be a singular destination for working,
living, shopping, dining and entertainment. International
brands, authentic cuisine and entrepreneurial minds will
unite in one integrated, intimate place, making it easy to
live, work and play in harmony.

FOCUSED 
ON 
TORONTO, 
A CANADIAN 
URBAN 
MARKET

E
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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT     2016

ePlace Toronto, Ontario
RioCan’s ePlace at the northeast corner of Yonge and
Eglinton will be a signature destination in the thriving
commercial and residential community of Midtown
Toronto. It is surrounded by endless shopping, dining
and entertainment choices. ePlace includes two
residential towers, including what will be RioCan’s first
completed rental residential tower.

Intersecting Yonge and Eglinton, two of Toronto’s busiest
streets, this mixed-use residential and retail property
that is expected to be completed in 2018 and 2019 will
elevate the status of Midtown, while connecting it with
the city through unparalleled underground access to the
Yonge subway and the future Crosstown Eglinton LRT.
ePlace also enjoys direct access to RioCan’s recently
renovated Yonge Eglinton Centre. The two centres
combined offer more than 70 retailers including; Metro,
Indigo, Winners, LCBO and the largest Sephora in North
America and a VIP Cineplex.

FOCUSED 
ON 
TORONTO, 
A CANADIAN 
URBAN 
MARKET

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT     2016

 
 
 
 
5th & 3rd East Village Calgary, Alberta
Located on 2.8 acres in Calgary's East Village, the
project features 180,000 square feet of retail space at
the base of a 600,000 square feet residential tower.

FOCUSED 
ON 
CALGARY, 
A CANADIAN 
URBAN 
MARKET

Highlights include an 82,000 square foot Loblaws City
Market and Shoppers Drug Mart, and an additional
70,000 square feet of retail space at grade, with
convenient access to 300 dedicated parking spots.

Located in the East Village area of downtown Calgary,
the site features direct access to the LRT. Construction
at the site is expected to be completed in 2020. Of
note, the project is on one of downtown Calgary's few
full city blocks that is privately owned. The site is
being developed as a mixed-use project that will
include approximately 188,000 square feet of retail
space to be anchored by an 82,000 square foot
Loblaws City Market and Shoppers Drug Mart. Other
retailers include a liquor store and financial  
service providers.

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Gloucester Ottawa, Ontario
Ottawa is growing, and RioCan is in the heart of the
action, building a striking 23 storey tower featuring
approximately 220 residential units.
This phase 1 project, on a 7-acre site, provides
convenient housing in Ottawa. The tower features
environmentally friendly geothermal heating and
cooling, and the potential to expand to 3  
additional towers.

Plans and approvals have been received for phase 1 of
the Gloucester City Centre. Demolition is underway, and
construction is soon to commence. RioCan’s innovative
development features a 215,000 square foot, 23 storey
rental residential tower comprising approximately 220
units. Current plans include a geothermal energy system
for heating and cooling. Completion of the first phase is
scheduled for 2019. The site, near a light rapid transit
line, offers easy access to transit. There is room to grow,
with the potential for the development of three
additional residential towers, offering up to 840
residential units in all four towers.

FOCUSED 
ON 
OTTAWA, 
A CANADIAN 
URBAN 
MARKET

CANADA

ALBERTA

As at December 31, 2016 

  Ownership  

RioCan’s 
Interest          Interests 

Total Site 

Property and Location 

(%)  NLA (sq. ft.)  NLA (sq. ft.)   Major or Anchor Tenants

17004 & 17008 107th Avenue NW 
  Edmonton, AB

100%

11,963 

11,963 

5008 5020 97th Street NW, Edmonton, AB

Brentwood Village, Calgary, AB

100%

100%

11,943 

11,943 

291,597 

291,597 Safeway, London Drugs, Sears Whole Home,  

Bed Bath & Beyond

East Hills, Calgary, AB

40%

136,350

340,876 Walmart, Sport Chek, Bed Bath & Beyond, 

Edmonton Walmart Centre, Edmonton, AB

Glenmore Landing, Calgary, AB

Jasper Gates Shopping Centre 
  Edmonton, AB

Lethbridge Towne Square, Lethbridge, AB

Lethbridge Walmart Centre 
  Lethbridge, AB

Lowe’s Sunridge Centre, Calgary, AB

Market at Citadel Village, Edmonton, AB

Mayfield Common, Edmonton, AB

Mill Woods Town Centre, Edmonton, AB

North Edmonton Cineplex Centre 
  Edmonton, AB

Northgate Village Shopping Centre 
  Calgary, AB

127,509

370,382  Walmart, Golf Town, Totem Building Supplies*

Michaels, Marshalls, Cineplex, Costco*

72,992

145,983 Safeway

91,063 

146,063  London Drugs, Safeway*

78,694 

78,694  London Drugs

284,765

284,765  Walmart, Shoppers Drug Mart

213,100 

213,100  Lowe's, Golf Town

50,678

207,487

234,426

50,678 Shoppers Drug Mart

414,973 Winners, Save-On-Foods, Value Village, JYSK

581,126 Safeway (Co-op), Canadian Tire, GoodLife Fitness

75,836 

75,836  Cineplex

40%

50%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

50%

40%

100%

100%

277,181 

404,271  Safeway, Gold's Gym, JYSK, Staples, Home 

Depot*

RioCan Beacon Hill, Calgary, AB

50%

527,835

787,209 Canadian Tire, Winners, Best Buy, Sport Chek, 

Home Depot*, Costco*

RioCan Centre Grande Prairie 
  Grande Prairie, AB

100%

279,983 

379,983  Rona, Cineplex Odeon, London Drugs, Staples, 

Michaels, Walmart*

RioCan Meadows, Edmonton, AB

100%

309,184

409,184 Home Depot, Staples, Winners, Best Buy, 

Loblaws*

RioCan Shawnessy, Calgary, AB

100%

470,460 

841,105 Lowe’s, Sport Chek, Best Buy, Winners,  

Home Depot*, Walmart*, Co-op*, Canadian Tire* 

RioCan Signal Hill Centre, Calgary, AB

100%

477,173 

592,173 Lowe’s, Winners, Indigo, Michaels, Staples, 

100%

138,654 

138,654  Safeway

Loblaws*

Riverbend Square Shopping Centre 
  Edmonton, AB

Sage Hill, Calgary, AB

Southbank Centre, Calgary, AB

50%

75%

South Edmonton Common, Edmonton, AB

100%

138,164

108,910

430,418

276,327 Walmart, Loblaws City Market, London Drugs

381,227 Winners, Michaels, Home Depot*, Costco*

981,488 London Drugs, The Brick, Home Outfitters, 

Old Navy, Home Depot*, Walmart*, Loblaws*, 
Cineplex*, Staples*, Best Buy*

14

PROPERTY PORTFOLIO*Non-owned anchorRIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As at December 31, 2016 

  Ownership  

RioCan’s 
Interest          Interests 

Total Site 

Property and Location 

(%)  NLA (sq. ft.)  NLA (sq. ft.)   Major or Anchor Tenants

South Trail Crossing, Calgary, AB

100%

311,684 

311,684  Winners, HomeSense, Marshalls, Staples,  

Sport Chek

Southland Crossing Shopping Centre 
  Calgary, AB

100%

132,063 

132,063  Safeway

Summerwood Shopping Centre, Edmonton, AB

100%

83,980 

83,980  Save-On-Foods, Shoppers Drug Mart

Timberlea Landing, Fort McMurray, AB

100%

104,307 

104,307  Regional Municipality of Wood Buffalo

BRITISH COLUMBIA

Abbotsford Power Centre, Abbotsford, BC

BMO-1225 Douglas St., Victoria, BC

BMO-2219 Oak Bay Ave., Victoria, BC

BMO-3290 Grandview Hwy., Vancouver, BC

BMO-5710 Victoria Dr., Vancouver, BC

BMO-585 England Ave., Courtenay, BC

BMO-7075 Kingsway, Burnaby, BC

Cambie Street, Vancouver, BC

Chahko Mika Mall, Nelson, BC

Clearbrook Town Square, Abbotsford, BC

Cowichan Commons, Duncan, BC

Dilworth Shopping Centre, Kelowna, BC

Grandview Corners, Surrey, BC

Impact Plaza, Surrey, BC

Parkwood Place, Prince George, BC

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

219,892 

459,892  Lowe’s, Winners, PetSmart, Costco*, Rona*

25,133 

25,133 

3,541

4,454

4,432

5,885

5,010

3,541

4,454

4,432

5,885

5,010

148,215 

148,215  Canadian Tire, Best Buy

173,107 

173,107  Walmart, Save-On-Foods

189,435 

189,435  Safeway, Staples

186,629 

186,629  Walmart

197,389 

197,389  Safeway, Staples, JYSK, World Gym

529,780

614,780 Walmart, Best Buy, Indigo, Home Depot*

133,869 

133,869  T&T Supermarket

370,260 

370,260 Save-On–Foods, The Bay, London Drugs, 

Cineplex, Staples

RioCan Langley Centre, Langley, BC

100%

380,090 

380,090 Chapters, HomeSense, Marshalls, Winners, 

Michaels

Southwinds Crossing, Oliver, BC

100%

72,972 

72,972  Canadian Tire, Buy-Low Foods

Strawberry Hill Shopping Centre, Surrey, BC

100%

337,935

337,935  Winners, PetSmart, Sport Chek, Home Depot, 

Cineplex

Tillicum Centre, Victoria, BC

100%

471,378

471,378 Lowe’s, Cineplex, London Drugs, Winners,  

Save-On–Foods

Vernon Square, Vernon, BC

100%

96,706 

149,706 London Drugs, Safeway*

MANITOBA

Garden City, Winnipeg, MB

Kildonan Crossing Shopping Centre 
  Winnipeg, MB

30%

100%

86,123

379,681 Canadian Tire, Winners, Sears*

179,027 

179,027 Safeway, PetSmart

15

PROPERTY PORTFOLIO*Non-owned anchorRIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
PROPERTY PORTFOLIO

NEW BRUNSWICK
As at December 31, 2016 

  Ownership  

RioCan’s 
Interest          Interests 

Total Site 

Property and Location 

(%)  NLA (sq. ft.)  NLA (sq. ft.)   Major or Anchor Tenants

Brookside Mall, Fredericton, NB

Corbett Centre, Fredericton, NB

Northumberland Square, Miramichi, NB

Quispamsis Town Centre, Quispamsis, NB

50%

100%

50%

100%

140,090

195,086

57,473

88,114

280,179 Sobeys

415,086 Winners, HomeSense, Home Depot*, Costco*

114,945 Winners, Giant Tiger

88,114 Shoppers Drug Mart, GoodLife Fitness

NEWFOUNDLAND

Shoppers on Topsail, St. John’s, NFLD

100%

29,690

29,690  Shoppers Drug Mart

Trinity Conception Square, Carbonear, NFLD

100%

182,155 

182,155  Dominion, Walmart

ONTARIO

85 Bloor Street West, Toronto, ON

100%

1208 & 1216 Dundas Street East, Whitby, ON

100%

13,810 

7,697 

13,810 

7,697 

1650-1660 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON

1860 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON

1910 Bank Street, Ottawa, ON

3736 Richmond Road, Ottawa, ON

2422 Fairview Street, Burlington, ON

2950 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, ON

2955 Bloor Street West, Toronto, ON

2990 Eglinton Avenue East, Toronto, ON

404 Town Centre, Newmarket, ON

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

4055-4065 Carlingview Avenue, Ottawa, ON

100%

410 King Street North, Waterloo, ON

549-555 College Street, Toronto, ON

506 & 510 Hespeler Road, Cambridge, ON

649 Queen Street West, Toronto, ON

6666 Lundy’s Lane, Niagara Falls, ON

735 Queenston Road, Hamilton, ON

100%

50%

100%

100%

100%

100%

740 Dupont Street, Toronto, ON                                                     

100%

Adelaide Centre, London, ON

Ajax Marketplace, Ajax, ON

Albion Centre, Etobicoke, ON

Belleville Stream Centre, Belleville, ON

Belleville Walmart Centre, Belleville, ON

Bellfront Shopping Centre, Belleville, ON

BMO-1293 Bloor Street West, Toronto, ON

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

142,188 

142,188  Canadian Tire

70,112

70,112 Whole Foods, Shoppers Drug Mart

6,425 

2,938 

6,221 

6,425 

2,938 

6,221 

10,442 

10,442  Pharma Plus

9,748 

6,200 

9,748  

6,200 

267,954 

267,954  Walmart, Metro

22,496

2,067 

28,823

12,515 

14,200 

8,434 

8,818 

25,000 

81,004 

70,724

22,496 

2,067 

57,646

12,515 

14,200  CB2

8,434 

8,818 

25,000 

81,004  Metro

70,724  Metro, Pharma Plus

376,579 

376,579 Canadian Tire, No Frills

89,237 

89,237  Stream International

275,410 

275,410  Walmart

109,995 

159,995  Bed Bath & Beyond, Canadian Tire*

5,683

5,683

16

*Non-owned anchorRIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As at December 31, 2016 

  Ownership  

RioCan’s 
Interest          Interests 

Total Site 

Property and Location 

(%)  NLA (sq. ft.)  NLA (sq. ft.)   Major or Anchor Tenants

BMO-145 Woodbridge Avenue, Vaughan, ON

100%

BMO-1556 Bank Street, Ottawa, ON

BMO-2 King Street West, Bowmanville, ON

BMO-200 Ouelette Avenue, Windsor, ON

BMO-270 Dundas Street, London, ON

BMO-297 King Street East, Kingston, ON

BMO-519 Brant Street, Burlington, ON

BMO-79 Durham Street, Sudbury, ON

BMO-81 King Street West, Hamilton, ON

BMO-945 Smyth Road, Ottawa, ON

Burlington Mall, Burlington, ON

Cambrian Mall, Sault Ste. Marie, ON

Campus Estates, Guelph, ON

Chapman Mills Marketplace, Ottawa, ON

Cherry Hill Centre, Fergus, ON

Churchill Plaza, Sault Ste. Marie, ON

City View Plaza, Nepean, ON

Clarkson Crossing, Mississauga, ON

Clarkson Village Shopping Centre  
  Mississauga, ON

Colborne Place, Brantford, ON

Coliseum Ottawa, Ottawa, ON

Collingwood Centre, Collingwood, ON

Commissioners Court Plaza, London, ON

Dufferin Plaza, Toronto, ON

Dundas 427 Marketplace, Mississauga, ON

Eagle’s Landing, Vaughan, ON

Eastcourt Mall, Cornwall, ON

Elmvale Acres, Ottawa, ON

Empress Walk, Toronto, ON

Fairlawn Plaza, Ottawa, ON

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

50%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

50%

100%

100%

100%

Fallingbrook Shopping Centre, Orleans, ON

100%

100%

100%

Five Points Shopping Centre, Oshawa, ON

Flamborough Walmart Centre  
  Flamborough, ON

Flamborough Power Centre,  
    Flamborough, ON

Frontenac Mall, Kingston, ON

Galaxy Centre, Owen Sound, ON

4,973

4,835

5,584

17,047

20,269

8,856

5,190

4,973

4,835

5,584

17,047

20,269

8,856

5,190

24,075

24,075

5,550

8,532

5,550

8,532

306,649

726,451 Canadian Tire, Indigo, Winners, HomeSense, 

Sport Chek, The Bay*

134,807

316,638 Sport Chek, Winners, Canadian Tire*, Loblaws*

72,859

72,859 No Frills

451,673

566,673 Walmart, Winners, Staples, Indigo, Cineplex, 

Loblaws*

73,886 

73,886  Zehrs

143,203 

143,203  Metro

59,992 

59,992 Giant Tiger, PartSource

213,077

213,077 Metro, Canadian Tire, Shoppers Drug Mart

63,781

63,781 HomeSense

70,406 

70,406  No Frills

109,260 

109,260  Cineplex, Shoppers Drug Mart

203,290

203,290 FreshCo (Sobeys), Canadian Tire, Sport Chek, 

Bed, Bath & Beyond, Winners

94,140 

70,100 

97,885 

94,140  Food Basics

70,100  Staples

97,885 Staples

176,090

176,090 Metro (Yummy Market)

81,504 

163,008  No Frills

146,699 

146,699  Loblaws, Pharma Plus

180,829 

238,829 Cineplex, Best Buy, Loblaws*

8,322 

97,145 

397,736

300,292

8,322 

97,145 Metro, Shoppers Drug Mart

397,736 Metro, LA Fitness, JYSK

300,292  Walmart, Rona, Staples

100%

194,724

194,724 Value Village

30%

100%

834,057

280,191 Food Basics, Value Village

91,563 

91,563  No Frills, Cineplex

17

PROPERTY PORTFOLIO*Non-owned anchorRIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
As at December 31, 2016 

  Ownership  

RioCan’s 
Interest          Interests 

Total Site 

Property and Location 

(%)  NLA (sq. ft.)  NLA (sq. ft.)   Major or Anchor Tenants

Garrard & Taunton, Whitby, ON

Gates of Fergus, Fergus, ON

Glendale Marketplace, Pickering, ON

Goderich Walmart Centre, Goderich, ON

GoodLife Plaza, St. Catharines, ON

Grant Crossing, Ottawa, ON

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

80%

146,835 

146,835 Lowe's 

75,246 

53,963 

94,283 

144,983

185,131

75,246 Giant Tiger

53,963  Your Independent Grocer, Pharma Plus

202,859 Walmart, Canadian Tire*, Zehrs*

144,983  GoodLife Fitness, Canadian Tire (Call centre)

359,354 Winners, HomeSense, Michaels, Bed Bath & 

Beyond, Lowe's*

Green Lane Centre, Newmarket, ON

67%

106,817

417,668  Bed Bath & Beyond, Michaels, PetSmart, 

Halton Hills Shopping Plaza 
  Georgetown, ON

Hamilton Highbury Plaza, London, ON

Hamilton Walmart Centre, Hamilton, ON

Hartsland Market Square, Guelph, ON

Hawkesbury Centre, Hawkesbury, ON

Heart Lake Town Centre, Brampton, ON

Herongate Mall, Ottawa, ON

Highbury Shopping Plaza, London, ON

Hunt Club Centre, Ottawa, ON

Hunt Club Centre II, Ottawa, ON

Huron & Highbury, London, ON

Innes Road Centre, Gloucester, ON

Kanata Centrum Shopping Centre 
  Kanata, ON

Kendalwood Park Plaza, Whitby, ON

Kennedy Commons, Scarborough, ON

Keswick Walmart, Keswick, ON

King & Portland, Toronto, ON

King George Square, Belleville, ON

King Plaza, Oshawa, ON

Lawrence Square, Toronto, ON

100%

73,030

73,030 Food Basics

Costco*, Loblaws*

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

75%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

50%

75%

50%

100%

100%

100%

5,269 

5,269 

312,993

312,993 Walmart, Winners, Staples

108,722 

108,722 Zehrs

72,466

72,466

123,572

123,572  Metro

71,003

70,981 

67,186 

94,670 Metro, Pharma Plus

70,981  LA Fitness

67,186 Metro

143,815

143,815 Lowe’s

87,969 

47,512 

87,969  Shoppers Drug Mart

167,512  PetSmart, Costco*

286,336

386,336 Walmart, Chapters, Loblaws

158,688

200,402

158,688  FreshCo (Sobeys), Shoppers Drug Mart

481,804 Metro, The Brick, Sears Whole Home, LA Fitness, 

Chapters, Michaels

120,363 

160,484  Walmart

41,109 

71,985 

34,202 

82,218 Shopify (office), Indigo (office)

71,985  Metro

34,202  Shoppers Drug Mart

658,244

658,244  Marshalls, HomeSense, Fortino’s, Canadian Tire, 

Hudson’s Bay Company (office)

Lincoln Fields Shopping Centre, Ottawa, ON

100%

284,947 

284,947  Walmart, Metro

London Plaza, London, ON

Markington Square, Scarborough, ON

Meadow Ridge Plaza, Ajax, ON

Meadowlands Power Centre, Ancaster, ON

Merivale Market, Ottawa, ON

Millcroft Shopping Centre, Burlington, ON

Mississauga Plaza, Mississauga, ON

New Liskeard Walmart Centre 
  New Liskeard, ON

100%

100%

100%

100%

75%

50%

100%

100%

122,183 

122,183  Gold's Gym, Value Village

173,029 

173,029 Metro, GoodLife Fitness

111,762

145,605

59,136

151,252

175,672

111,762 Sobeys, GoodLife Fitness

589,209 Best Buy, Sport Chek, Michaels, PetSmart, 

Costco*, Home Depot*, Sobeys*, Staples*

78,848  Food Basics, Shoppers Drug Mart

354,736 Metro, Canadian Tire*

175,672         FreshCo (Sobeys), LA Fitness

110,522 

155,278  Walmart, Canadian Tire*

18

PROPERTY PORTFOLIO*Non-owned anchorRIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As at December 31, 2016 

  Ownership  

RioCan’s 
Interest          Interests 

Total Site 

Property and Location 

(%)  NLA (sq. ft.)  NLA (sq. ft.)   Major or Anchor Tenants

Niagara Falls Plaza, Niagara Falls, ON

Niagara Square, Niagara Falls, ON

Norwest Plaza, Kingston, ON

Oakridge Centre, London, ON

Orillia Square Mall, Orillia, ON

Pine Plaza, Sault Ste. Marie, ON

Queensway Cineplex, Toronto, ON

RioCan Centre Barrie, Barrie, ON

RioCan Centre Belcourt, Orleans, ON

RioCan Centre Burloak, Oakville, ON

RioCan Centre Kingston, Kingston, ON

RioCan Centre London North, London, ON

RioCan Centre London South, London, ON

RioCan Centre Merivale, Nepean, ON

RioCan Centre Milton, Milton, ON

100%

30%

100%

100%

100%

100%

50%

100%

60%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

79,588

79,588 LA Fitness

120,582

401,941 Winners, JYSK, The Brick, Cineplex, Michaels

39,924

39,924 GoodLife Fitness

34,066 

139,566  Pharma Plus, Loblaws*

311,112 

311,112  Canadian Tire, No Frills, The Brick

42,455 

61,488

42,455  Food Basics

122,976 Cineplex

244,589 

244,589  Loblaws, Lowe’s, Mountain Equipment Co-op

156,369

402,989 Empire Theatres, Food Basics, Toys R Us, 

Lowe's*

454,623 

552,623  Cineplex, Home Outfitters, Longo's, Home Depot*

635,367 

756,412  Cineplex, Sears Whole Home, Staples, Winners, 

HomeSense, Old Navy, Best Buy, Home Depot*

105,040 

165,040  Chapters, PetSmart, Loblaws*

139,622

139,622  Metro

200,132 

200,132  Your Independent Grocer, Winners

171,465 

291,465  Cineplex, LA Fitness, Home Depot*, Longo’s*

RioCan Centre Newmarket, Newmarket, ON

40%

26,688 

66,721  Mark's Work Wearhouse, Staples

RioCan Centre Sudbury, Sudbury, ON

100%

403,797 

669,193 Cineplex, Staples, Chapters, Sears Whole Home, 

RioCan Centre Vaughan, Vaughan, ON

RioCan Centre Windsor, Windsor, ON

100%

100%

Winners, HomeSense, Costco*, Home Depot*

262,336 

262,336   Walmart

239,420

349,420  Cineplex, Sears Whole Home, The Brick, Staples, 

Costco*

RioCan Colossus Centre, Vaughan, ON

100%

528,088

658,088 HomeSense, Golf Town, Marshalls, Cineplex, 

Costco*

RioCan Durham Centre, Ajax, ON

100%

891,867

1,272,867  Marshalls, Winners, Sport Chek, HomeSense, 

Walmart, Cineplex, Canadian Tire, Home Depot*, 
Loblaws*, Costco*

RioCan Elgin Mills Crossing 
  Richmond Hill, ON

100%

320,325 

441,325  Costco, Michaels, Staples, Home Depot*

RioCan Fairgrounds, Orangeville, ON

100%

366,437

510,512 Walmart, Best Buy, Cineplex, Winners, Canadian 

RioCan Georgian Mall, Barrie, ON

50%

243,855

Tire*, Home Depot*

604,224 Atmosphere, HomeSense, H&M, Victoria’s 
Secret, The Bay, Sephora, Sears* 

RioCan Grand Park, Mississauga, ON

RioCan Gravenhurst, Gravenhurst, ON

RioCan Hall, Toronto, ON

RioCan Leamington, Leamington, ON

RioCan Leaside Centre, Toronto, ON

RioCan Marketplace Toronto, Toronto, ON

RioCan Niagara Falls, Niagara Falls, ON

RioCan Oakville Place, Oakville, ON

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

67%

100%

50%

118,681

118,681  Winners, Shoppers Drug Mart, Staples

149,548 

149,548  Canadian Tire, Sobeys

227,326 

227,326  Cineplex, Marshalls, GoodLife Fitness, Michaels

192,851 

192,851 Walmart, Metro

133,035

133,035 Canadian Tire, PetSmart

114,298 

447,438  Winners, Loblaws*, Home Depot*

295,164

231,129

393,739  Staples, Zehrs, Home Depot*

462,258 The Bay, Sears, H&M, Sephora, Pusateri’s, 
Shoppers Drug Mart, Sport Chek

RioCan Orleans, Cumberland, ON

100%

182,251 

297,251  Metro, JYSK, Staples, Home Depot*

19

PROPERTY PORTFOLIO*Non-owned anchorRIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
As at December 31, 2016 

  Ownership  

RioCan’s 
Interest          Interests 

Total Site 

Property and Location 

(%)  NLA (sq. ft.)  NLA (sq. ft.)   Major or Anchor Tenants

RioCan Renfrew Centre, Renfrew, ON

100%

53,099

127,099  No Frills*

RioCan Scarborough Centre, Scarborough, ON 100%

326,823

326,823 Costco, Staples, LA Fitness, Al’s Premium Food 

Market

RioCan St. Laurent, Ottawa, ON

RioCan Thickson Ridge, Whitby, ON

100%

100%

308,031

308,031  Lowe’s, Metro, Food Basics, Winners

362,019 

492,019 Winners, JYSK, HomeSense, Ikea, Buy Buy Baby, 

Sears Whole Home, Home Depot*

RioCan Thickson Ridge –  
Bed Bath & Beyond, Whitby, ON

RioCan Victoria, Whitby, ON

RioCan Warden, Scarborough, ON

RioCan West Ridge Place, Orillia, ON

RioCan Yonge Eglinton Centre, Toronto, ON

RioCentre Brampton, Brampton, ON

RioCentre Kanata, Ottawa, ON

RioCentre Newmarket, Newmarket, ON

RioCentre Oakville, Oakville, ON

RioCentre Thornhill, Thornhill, ON

Sandalwood Square Shopping Centre 
  Mississauga, ON

Sheppard Centre, Toronto, ON

Sherwood Forest Mall, London, ON

Shoppers City East, Ottawa, ON

Shoppers Drug Mart Pembroke 
  Pembroke, ON

Shoppers on Argyle, Caledonia, ON

Shoppers World Brampton, Brampton, ON

Shoppers World Danforth, Toronto, ON

Shoppes on Avenue, Toronto, ON

Shoppes on Queen West, Toronto, ON

Silver City Gloucester, Gloucester, ON

South Cambridge Shopping Centre  
  Cambridge, ON

South Hamilton Square, Hamilton, ON

Southgate Shopping Centre, Ottawa, ON

Spring Farm Marketplace, Vaughn, ON

Stratford Centre, Stratford, ON

Sudbury Place, Sudbury , ON

Sunnybrook Plaza, Toronto, ON

Tanger Outlets Cookstown, Cookstown, ON

31%

8,749 

28,222  Bed Bath & Beyond

50%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

50%

100%

63%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

80%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

50%

49,290 

98,579

230,967

230,967  Lowe’s, Marshalls, Michaels

226,415 

356,415  Food Basics, Cineplex, Home Depot*

1,056,285

1,056,285 Cineplex, Indigo, Metro, Toys R Us, Winners

103,607 

103,607  Food Basics

108,562

108,562 Sobeys, Pharma Plus

92,688

92,688 Metro, Shoppers Drug Mart

106,884 

106,884  Food Basics, Shoppers Drug Mart

140,370 

140,370  No Frills, Winners, HomeSense

104,514

104,514  Value Village

236,730

218,758

473,459 Winners, Shoppers Drug Mart 

218,758  Food Basics, Shoppers Drug Mart, GoodLife 

Fitness

9,551

15,208  Shoppers Drug Mart

17,020 

17,020  Shoppers Drug Mart

17,024 

17,024  Shoppers Drug Mart

696,897

696,897 Canadian Tire, Winners, Staples, Oceans, JYSK, 

Giant Tiger

326,303

326,303 Lowe’s, Metro, Staples

20,884

89,690

121,514

189,739

20,884 Pharma Plus

89,690 Loblaws, Winners

150,608 Cineplex, Chapters

189,739 Zehrs, Home Hardware

294,255

294,255 Fortinos, JYSK, GoodLife Fitness

72,627

72,896

131,077

147,917

51,013

72,627 Metro, Shoppers Drug Mart

72,896 Sobeys, Shoppers Drug Mart

131,077 Metro, Michaels

203,661 Canadian Tire, Real Canadian Superstore*

51,013 Pharma Plus 

154,914

309,828 Under Armour, Coach, Tommy Hilfiger, Nike, 

Polo Ralph Lauren

Tanger Outlets Ottawa, Ottawa, ON

50%

158,289

316,577 Polo Ralph Lauren, Old Navy, Nike, Saks, Under 

Armour, Coach, Marshalls

20

PROPERTY PORTFOLIO*Non-owned anchorRIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As at December 31, 2016 

  Ownership  

RioCan’s 
Interest          Interests 

Total Site 

Property and Location 

(%)  NLA (sq. ft.)  NLA (sq. ft.)   Major or Anchor Tenants

The Stockyards, Toronto, ON

50%

246,146

492,291 Nations, Sport Chek, PetSmart, Winners, 
HomeSense, Old Navy, Michaels

The Shops of Summerhill, Toronto, ON

Timiskaming Square, New Liskeard, ON

Timmins Square, Timmins, ON

Trafalgar Ridge Shopping Centre 
  Oakville, ON

Trenton Walmart Centre, Trenton, ON

Trinity Common Brampton, Brampton, ON

Trinity Crossing, Ottawa, ON

University Plaza, Dundas, ON

Upper James Plaza, Hamilton, ON

Victoria Crossing, Scarborough, ON

Viewmount Centre, Ottawa, ON

Walker Place, Burlington, ON

Walker Towne Centre, Windsor, ON

West Side Place, Port Colborne, ON

Westgate Shopping Centre, Ottawa, ON

Wharncliffe Centre, London, ON

White Shield Plaza, Toronto, ON

Woodview Place, Burlington, ON

Yonge & Erskine Avenue, Toronto, ON

PRINCE EDWARD ISLAND

100%

50%

30%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

50%

23,115

44,114

117,116

131,251

147,441

613,901

191,465

185,660

126,253

64,628

30,820

88,228 No Frills

390,385 No Frills, Winners, Sport Chek

131,251 Winners/HomeSense, GoodLife Fitness

147,441 Walmart

828,901 Cineplex, Metro, Winners, HomeSense, Staples, 

Sport Chek, Michaels, Canadian Tire*, Home 
Depot*

371,465 Michaels, Winners/HomeSense, Loblaws*

185,660 Metro, Shoppers Drug Mart

126,253 Canadian Tire, Metro

64,628 FreshCo (Sobeys)

127,270

127,270 Metro, Best Buy, HomeSense

69,857

39,788

93,123

69,857 FreshCo (Sobeys)

39,788

93,123 No Frills

165,660

165,660 Shoppers Drug Mart

60,744

148,770

145,401

60,744 No Frills

148,770 Lone Thai Grocery

145,401 Metro, Chapters

6,862

13,723

Charlottetown Mall, Charlottetown, PEI

100%

352,477

352,477 Loblaws, Sport Chek, Winners, H&M

QUEBEC

2335 Lapiniere Boulevard, Brossard, PQ

541 Saint-Joseph Boulevard 
  Gatineau, PQ

BMO-279 Rue St Charles Ouest 
  Longueuil, PQ

Centre Carnaval LaSalle, LaSalle, PQ

Centre Carnaval Montreal, Montreal, PQ

Centre Carnaval Pierrefonds 
  Pierrefonds, PQ

Centre Carnaval Trois Rivieres  
  Trois Rivieres, PQ

100%

100%

2,259

2,584

2,259

2,584

100%

5,015

5,015

100%

100%

100%

209,103

209,103 Super C, L’Aubainerie

67,815

67,815 Super C

129,589

129,589 Super C

100%

112,888

112,888 Super C

Centre Concorde, Laval, PQ

50%

31,649

63,298 IGA

21

PROPERTY PORTFOLIO*Non-owned anchorRIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
As at December 31, 2016 

  Ownership  

RioCan’s 
Interest          Interests 

Total Site 

Property and Location 

(%)  NLA (sq. ft.)  NLA (sq. ft.)   Major or Anchor Tenants

Centre Rene A. Robert Centre 
  Ste. Therese, PQ

Centre RioCan Kirkland, Kirkland, PQ

Centre Sicard, Ste. Therese, PQ

Centre St. Jean  
  St. Jean Sur Richelieu, PQ

Centre St. Julie, Ste. Julie, PQ

Centre St. Martin, Laval, PQ

Desserte Ouest, Laval, PQ

Galeries Laurentides, St. Antoine, PQ

Galeries Mille-Iles, Rosemere, PQ

Granby, Granby, PQ

Lachute Walmart Centre, Lachute, PQ

Les Factories Tanger Bromont 
  Bromont, PQ

Les Factories Tanger St. Sauveur 
  Prevost, PQ

Les Galeries Lachine, Montreal, PQ

Levis, Levis, PQ

Mega Centre Notre Dame 
  Sainte Dorothée, PQ

Mega Centre Rive-Sud, Levis, PQ

Place Carnaval Laval, Laval, PQ

Place Newman, LaSalle, PQ

RioCan Gatineau, Gatineau, PQ

RioCan Greenfield, Greenfield Park, PQ

Place La Prairie, La Prairie, PQ

RioCan La Gappe, Gatineau, PQ

Shoppers Drug Mart Repentigny 
  Repentigny, PQ

50%

37,553

75,106 IGA

100%

100%

100%

50%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

50%

319,445

106,329

104,280

319,445 Cineplex, Winners

106,329 IGA

104,280 IGA

30,389

60,778 IGA

248,974

248,974 Provigo, Giant Tiger, Pharmaprix

87,434

452,857

252,450

48,870

78,761

81,367

87,434 Staples, JYSK, Gold’s Gym

452,857 Maxi

252,450 Maxi, Staples

48,870 L’Aubainerie

78,761 Walmart

162,733 Atmosphere, Tommy Hilfiger, Puma

50%

56,986

113,971 Atmosphere, Nike

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

50%

100%

100%

167,409

167,409 Maxi, Pharmaprix

19,003

19,003

421,886

483,784 Winners/HomeSense, Sports Experts,  

Super C*, Shoppers Drug Mart*

204,759

108,346

181,001

300,007

363,181

393,628 Walmart, Canadian Tire*, Home Depot*

108,346 Adonis

181,001 Maxi, Winners

300,007 Walmart, Canadian Tire, Super C

363,181 Maxi, Winners, Staples, Guzzo Cinemas, JYSK, 

Giant Tiger

35,467

70,934 IGA

371,392

371,392 Walmart, Winners, Michaels

17,050

17,050 Shoppers Drug Mart

Silver City Hull, Hull, PQ

100%

84,590

499,775 Cineplex, Rona*, Walmart*, Maxi*,  

100%

166,930

254,430 Walmart, Staples, Canadian Tire*

Super C*, Winners*

100%

117,837

228,337 Staples, Canadian Tire*, Super C*

St. Hyacinthe Walmart Centre  
  Ste. Hyacinthe, PQ

Vaudreuil Shopping Centre  
  Vaudreuil-Dorion, PQ

SASKATCHEWAN

Parkland Mall, Yorkton, SA

100%

264,112

264,112 Canadian Tire, Save-On-Foods, Winners

22

PROPERTY PORTFOLIO*Non-owned anchorRIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016 
 
 
 
 
 
REAL ESTATE PORTFOLIO KEY FACTS as at December 31, 2016 (all metrics stated at RioCan's interest)

Net Leasable Area (“NLA”) (thousands of sq.ft.):

Income Producing Properties
Properties Under Development
Total
Number of Tenancies

Committed Occupancy

Retail
Office
Total

Geographic Diversification

Ontario
Alberta
Quebec
British Columbia
Eastern Canada
Manitoba/Saskatchewan

Anchor and National Tenants 

Percentage of:

Annualized rental revenue
Total NLA

Top Ten Sources of Revenue by Property Tenant  

Rank

Tenant

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

Loblaws/Shoppers Drug Mart (i)

Canadian Tire Corporation (ii)

Walmart

Cineplex/Galaxy Cinemas

Winners/HomeSense/Marshalls

Metro/Super C/Loeb/Food Basics

Cara/Prime Restaurants/St-Hubert

Lowe's

Sobeys/Safeway

10

Dollarama

Retail

41,294
3,761
45,055

Office

1,918
—
1,918

Percentage of
annualized rental
revenue

Income producing 
properties

Properties under 
development

Number of properties

66.1%
14.3%
8.5%
8.2%
1.9%
1.0%
100.0%

189
30
35
21
7
3
285

11
4
—
—
—
—
15

Total

43,212
3,761
46,973
6,206

95.7%
93.6%
95.6%

Total

200
34
35
21
7
3
300

85.2%
84.8%

Percentage of
annualized rental revenue

Weighted average 
remaining 
lease term (yrs)

4.8%

4.7%

4.2%

3.9%

3.7%

3.4%

1.9%

1.8%

1.6%

1.5%

31.5%

7.8

7.4

10.1

8.1

7.5

6.6

5.8

11.5

9.3

5.9

8.0

(i) 
(ii) 

Loblaws/Shoppers Drug Mart includes No Frills, Fortinos, Zehrs Markets, Joe Fresh and Maxi. 
Canadian Tire Corporation includes Canadian Tire, PartSource, Mark’s, Sport Chek, Sports Experts, National Sports and Atmosphere.  

Property Lease Expiries 

NLA (thousands of sq. ft)
Average Expiring rent per square foot

Total
43,212
$17.59

2017
3,051
$19.77

2018
4,711
$18.67

2019
5,322
$18.84

2020
4,847
$17.73

2021
5,269
$17.92

RioCan
FINANCIAL REVIEW
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION  
AND ANALYSIS

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Management’s Discussion and Analysis  

  25  ABOUT THIS MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION  

  AND ANALYSIS

  25  FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
  26  BUSINESS OVERVIEW, OUTLOOK  

  AND STRATEGY
  29  SUSTAINABILITY
  31   PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL  

INFORMATION AND NON-GAAP MEASURES

  35  RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
  35 
  36 
  37  
  40 
  41  
  43 

  Selected Annual Information
  2016 Financial Highlights
  Operating Income
  Other Income (Loss)
  Other Expenses
  Funds from Operations (FFO) and  
  Operating Funds from Operations (OFFO) 
  Adjusted Funds from Operations (AFFO)

  45 

  Occupancy and Leasing

 47   OPERATIONS
 47  
 54   ASSET PROFILE
  Investment Property
 54  
  Income Property Acquisitions During 2016
 55  
  Income Property Dispositions During 2016
 55  
  Capital Expenditures on Income Properties
 56  
  Co-ownership Arrangements
 57  
  Properties Under Development
 60  
  Development Pipeline Summary
 61  
 71  
  Mortgages and Loans Receivable
 71   CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY
  Liquidity and Cash Management
 71  
  Capital Management Framework
 71  
  Capital Structure
 72  
  Debt and Leverage Metrics
 72  
  Credit Ratings
 75  

  Credit Facility
  Debentures Payable
  Mortgages Payable and Lines of Credit
  Hedging Activities
  Canadian Debt Profile
  Trust Units
  Preferred Units
  Guarantees
  Liquidity 
  Distributions to Unitholders

 76  
 76  
 77  
 78  
 79  
 80  
 81  
 81  
 81  
 83  
 85   QUARTERLY RESULTS AND TREND ANALYSIS
 88   SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES  

  AND ESTIMATES

 89   FUTURE CHANGES IN  

  ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 90   CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 90   RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
 91    RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

24
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

 
 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

ABOUT THIS MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A") is provided to enable a reader to assess our results of operations and 
financial condition for the three months and year ended December 31, 2016 ("Q4 2016" and "2016", respectively). This MD&A is 
dated February 15, 2017 and should be read in conjunction with our annual consolidated financial statements and related notes 
for the year ended December 31, 2016 ("2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements"). Unless the context indicates 
otherwise, references to “RioCan”, the "Trust”, "we", "us" and "our" in this MD&A refer to RioCan for Real Estate Investment Trust 
and its consolidated operations. Unless otherwise specified, all amounts are based on financial statements prepared in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board 
("IASB"). These documents, as well as additional information relating to RioCan, including our most recently filed Annual 
Information Form ("AIF"), have been filed electronically with Canadian securities regulators through the System for Electronic 
Document Analysis and Retrieval ("SEDAR") and may be accessed through the SEDAR website at www.sedar.com or RioCan's 
website at www.riocan.com.

Unless otherwise specified, all information in this MD&A refers to the results of our continuing Canadian operations only, all 
amounts are in thousands of Canadian dollars and all percentage changes are calculated using whole numbers. 

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION 
Certain information included in this MD&A contains forward-looking information within the meaning of applicable Canadian 
securities laws. This information includes, but is not limited to, statements made in 2016 Financial Highlights, Business Overview, 
Outlook and Strategy, Asset Profile, Capital Strategy and Resources, and other statements concerning RioCan’s objectives, its 
strategies to achieve those objectives, as well as statements with respect to management’s beliefs, plans, estimates, and 
intentions, and similar statements concerning anticipated future events, results, circumstances, performance or expectations that 
are not historical facts. Forward-looking information generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as 
“outlook”, “objective”, “may”, “will”, “would”, “expect”, “intend”, “estimate”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “should”, “plan”, “continue”, or 
similar expressions suggesting future outcomes or events. Such forward-looking information reflects management’s current 
beliefs and is based on information currently available to management. All forward-looking information in this MD&A is qualified 
by these cautionary statements.

Forward-looking information is not a guarantee of future events or performance and, by its nature, is based on RioCan’s current 
estimates and assumptions, which are subject to numerous risks and uncertainties, including those described under Risks and 
Uncertainties in this MD&A which could cause actual events or results to differ materially from the forward-looking information 
contained in this MD&A. Those risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, those related to: liquidity and general market 
conditions; tenant concentrations and related risk of bankruptcy or restructuring (and the terms of any bankruptcy or restructuring 
proceeding), occupancy levels and defaults, including the failure to fulfill contractual obligations by the tenant or a related party 
thereof; lease renewals and rental increases; the ability to re-lease and find new tenants for vacant space; retailer competition; 
access to debt and equity capital; interest rate and financing risk; joint ventures and partnerships; the relative illiquidity of real 
property; unexpected costs or liabilities related to acquisitions and dispositions; development risk associated with construction 
commitments, project costs and related approvals; environmental matters; litigation; reliance on key personnel; unitholder liability; 
income, sales and land transfer taxes; and credit ratings.

RioCan currently qualifies as a real estate investment trust for Canadian tax purposes and intends to qualify for future years.  The 
Income Tax Act (Canada) contains provisions which potentially impose tax on publicly traded trusts that qualify as specified 
investment flow-through entities (the "SIFT Provisions"). However, the SIFT Provisions do not impose tax on a publicly traded 
trust which qualifies as a REIT. Should RioCan no longer qualify as a Canadian REIT under the SIFT Provisions, certain 
statements contained in this MD&A may need to be modified. RioCan is still subject to Canadian tax in their incorporated 
Canadian subsidiaries.

Our U.S. subsidiary qualified as a REIT for U.S. income tax purposes up to May 25, 2016, subsequent to the closing date of the 
sale of our U.S. property portfolio. For U.S. income tax purposes, the subsidiary distributed all of its U.S. taxable income and is 
entitled to deduct such distributions against its taxable income. The subsidiary’s qualification as a REIT depends on the REIT’s 
satisfaction of certain asset, income, organizational, distribution, unitholder ownership and other requirements up until May 25, 
2016. Our U.S. subsidiary was subject to a 30% or 35% withholding tax on distributions of its U.S. taxable income to Canada.  
We do not intend to distribute any withholding taxes paid or payable to our unitholders related to the disposition.

General economic conditions, including interest rate fluctuations, may also have an effect on RioCan’s results of operations. 
Material factors or assumptions that were applied in drawing a conclusion or making an estimate set out in the forward-looking 
information may include, but are not limited to: a stable retail environment; relatively low and stable interest costs; a continuing 
trend toward land use intensification, including residential development in urban markets; access to equity and debt capital 
markets to fund, at acceptable costs, future capital requirements and to enable our refinancing of debts as they mature; and the 
availability of investment opportunities for growth in Canada. For a description of additional risks that could cause actual results to 
materially differ from management’s current expectations, refer to Risks and Uncertainties in this MD&A and Risks and 
Uncertainties in RioCan’s AIF. Although the forward-looking information contained in this MD&A is based upon what management 
believes are reasonable assumptions, there can be no assurance that actual results will be consistent with this forward-looking 
information. Certain statements included in this MD&A may be considered “financial outlook” for purposes of applicable Canadian 
securities laws, and as such the financial outlook may not be appropriate for purposes other than this MD&A. The forward-looking 
information contained in this MD&A is made as of the date of this MD&A, and should not be relied upon as representing RioCan’s 
views as of any date subsequent to the date of this MD&A. Management undertakes no obligation, except as required by 
applicable law, to publicly update or revise any forward-looking information, whether as a result of new information, future events 
or otherwise.

25
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

BUSINESS OVERVIEW, OUTLOOK AND STRATEGY  

Business Overview

RioCan is an unincorporated “closed-end” real estate investment trust listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX") under the 
symbol REI.UN. We are Canada’s largest real estate investment trust based on market capitalization with a total enterprise value 
of approximately $14.6 billion at December 31, 2016.  RioCan owns and manages Canada’s largest portfolio of shopping centres 
with ownership interests in a portfolio of 300 retail and mixed use properties, including 15 properties under development, 
containing an aggregate net leasable area ("NLA") of 46,973,000 square feet. 

RioCan's property portfolio includes grocery anchored, new format retail, urban retail, mixed use and non-grocery anchored 
centres, of which 255 properties are 100% owned (250 income properties and 5 properties under development) and 45 are co-
owned through joint arrangements with co-owners (including 10 under development). RioCan’s primary joint arrangements are 
with Allied Properties REIT (Allied); Canada Pension Plan Investment Board (CPPIB); Hudson's Bay Company (HBC); KingSett 
Capital (KingSett); Tanger Factory Outlet Centres, Inc. (Tanger); and Trinity Development Group (Trinity). 

Executive management update

During the year, our Chief Executive Officer, Edward Sonshine, amended his employment contract to reflect his agreement to not 
retire or resign voluntarily before December 31, 2018.  As part of this commitment, Mr. Sonshine agreed to use his best efforts to 
provide the Trust with 12 months' notice of his intent to retire or resign.

Sale of U.S. assets

On May 24, 2016, RioCan completed the sale of its U.S. portfolio of 49 wholly owned investment properties to Blackstone Real 
Estate Partners VIII ("Blackstone") for gross sales proceeds of US$1.9 billion. RioCan received cash proceeds of 
approximately US$1.0 billion, which was net of outstanding U.S. mortgages repaid on completion of the sale transaction.

As a result of our exit from the U.S., our former U.S. geographic segment's financial results are reported as discontinued 
operations. Unless otherwise noted, comparative income statement amounts have been restated to reflect this change.  See 
Strategy update - Sale of U.S. operations in this MD&A for further discussion of this transaction.

Unsecured credit facility

On June 1, 2016, the Trust entered into a 5-year $1.0 billion unsecured operating credit facility with six Canadian Schedule I 
financial institutions, which replaced our secured operating lines.  The new facility is expected to provide us with short-term 
liquidity and enhanced flexibility for the Trust's operational and capital needs.  

Property acquisitions and dispositions

CPPIB acquisition

On July 27, 2016, RioCan acquired CPPIB's interests in four income properties that were previously co-owned for an aggregate 
purchase price of $352 million, representing a weighted average capitalization rate of 5.7%. As a result of this purchase, RioCan 
now owns 100% of these assets, representing over 1,800,000 square feet of NLA. RioCan did not assume any additional debt 
from CPPIB in connection with this acquisition.

The Well air rights disposition

During July 2016, RioCan, Allied Properties and DiamondCorp entered into a binding agreement to sell a portion of the residential 
component of The Well to Tridel Builders Inc. and Woodbourne Canada Partners III (CA) LP for approximately $180 million, 
subject to certain closing conditions. Closing of the transaction is anticipated to occur in early 2020. RioCan will remain a 50% co-
owner of one of the rental buildings representing approximately 400,000 square feet of residential rental density. Refer to 
Properties Under Development - Urban Intensification section of this MD&A for further details.

Debenture issuance

On August 26, 2016, the Trust issued $250 million of Series X senior unsecured debentures, which mature on August 26, 2020 
and carry a coupon rate of 2.185%. The interest on these debentures is payable semi-annually commencing February 26, 2017. 
The net proceeds were used to fund our development program, for property acquisitions, to repay certain indebtedness and for 
general trust purposes.

Target backfill

We continue to make significant progress re-leasing our vacant Target locations.  To date, leases included in our backfill progress, 
if all completed, will produce annualized base rental revenue of approximately $14.2 million versus $11.6 million being the total 
base rental revenue lost through Target’s departure (at RioCan's proportionate share). Refer to Tenant Vacancies - Target 
Leasing Update for further details. 

Outlook

Canada's growth performance continues to remain mixed due to the effects of lower energy prices, despite the recent increase as 
a result of an OPEC output cut, reduced oil sands production in Alberta, and the uncertainty in the global economy caused by 
political uncertainty in Europe and the United States, offset somewhat by some indications of improving Canadian and U.S. 
economies. It is anticipated that the Bank of Canada will continue to keep interest rates low for the foreseeable future. In contrast, 
with the U.S. economy approaching near full employment levels and the impact of inflationary pressure from potential 
expansionary policies from the new U.S. Presidential Administration, it is generally believed that the U.S. Federal Reserve will 
continue to gradually raise interest rates in the near term.

26
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Overall, we remain well-positioned to withstand an unsettled retail environment due to our large size and dominant position in 
urban locations, including Canada's six major markets from which 75.5% of our portfolio net rental revenues are derived.  In 
addition to the competitive advantage provided by RioCan's significant scale and urban presence, our resiliency is aided by the 
depth of our management team, our well diversified and stable portfolio, the portfolio potential for urban intensification, solid 
tenant base, flexible capital structure and conservative borrowing practices. 

We continue to expect to achieve organic growth over the long term. As the properties that were impacted by Target's departure 
begin to stabilize, we anticipate positive effects to same property net operating income ("NOI").  However, this will be partially 
offset by increased interest expenses as costs that were previously capitalized when the property was under redevelopment will 
again be expensed.  

In 2017, on a full year basis, we are expecting same property NOI to show positive growth assuming the current market 
conditions prevail.

Macro Economic and Market Trends 

Canadian dollar

The current uncertainty in the economic environment and anticipated rising interest rates in the U.S. may result in continued 
downward pressure on the Canadian dollar. However, we do not expect this trend to have a significant impact on RioCan's 
business or our tenants' operations. The prolonged weakness in the Canadian dollar has negatively impacted retailers that import 
goods from the U.S., although there may be some positive growth in retail sales resulting from fewer Canadians shopping in the 
U.S. The weaker Canadian dollar may also attract more tourists and foreign retailers to Canada, and more specifically to 
Canada's major urban centres where we have a significant presence.  Growth in profit will also depend on our tenants' ability to 
manage import costs and pass through price increases.  

Alberta economy

Low oil prices and the costly Fort McMurray wildfires made 2016 a very difficult year for the Alberta economy, putting it in 
recession territory.  It has the highest provincial unemployment rate in Canada and the largest projected budget deficit Albertans 
have ever faced.  The sharp economic contraction in Alberta also spread weakness across other sectors of the Canadian 
economy.  With a modest recovery in oil prices to around US$50 per barrel and the rebuilding efforts in Fort McMurray slowly 
underway, our outlook for 2017 remains cautiously optimistic.  Despite Alberta's attempts to diversify into non-energy dependent 
sectors, the province's recovery will still largely depend on the price of oil.  If oil prices remain at their current levels, the 
headwinds will likely persist with potential to further impact retail and residential markets.  If oil prices rise, we would anticipate a 
slow and gradual recovery with slightly improved market conditions ahead.  Notwithstanding the foregoing, according to Statistics 
Canada, Alberta continues to lead the country in retail sales as measured on a per capita basis, although the effects of the 
recession are causing the gap to narrow.  Occupancy rates in our Alberta portfolio are approximately 98% and valuations for 
RioCan's high quality, well-located assets in Alberta remain strong.  

Interest rates

In its latest meeting, the Bank of Canada maintained the overnight interest rate at 0.5%, which we expect to remain unchanged 
for 2017. In the fourth quarter of 2016, the Bank of Canada lowered its growth expectations through 2018. 

The relatively low interest rate environment in Canada is positive for RioCan and should continue to provide interest savings as 
higher interest debt is refinanced upon maturity. We will monitor the economy and real estate markets with a view to ensuring that 
we continue to have adequate access to capital, either by way of equity, debt or strategic asset dispositions, to meet our business 
requirements and to maximize financing opportunities as they become available. 

E-commerce

We believe that we are well-positioned for e-commerce trends based upon the depth and breadth of our retail portfolio, especially 
in urban markets. 

There is no question that we see evidence today of the disruptive effects of e-commerce on the traditional brick-and-mortar 
powerhouses, as giants like Walmart begin redirecting significant portions of their capital spending toward online sales 
capabilities.  At the same time, urban population growth is generally out-pacing the overall population growth and cities tend not 
to be the traditional locations for most big box retail. 

That being said, shopping centres will always have a place for consumers as they remain the most cost-effective way for a 
retailer to distribute goods, and the most successful retailers in the future will be the ones that effectively execute a combined 
online and brick-and-mortar strategy. These retailers will employ models that have been adapted to integrate sales in their 
storefronts as well as catering to online sales, commonly referred to as 'omni channeling' to provide today's consumer with the 
choice of how they want to shop. In the changing face of retail, national tenants are increasingly realizing that they must provide 
this flexibility to their customers in order to remain relevant. 

Grocery stores have historically been more resistant to online consumer spending, and in Canada, most online grocery orders 
are filled at the store level rather than through a distribution warehouse.  RioCan continues to pro actively bolster its portfolio 
through a greater focus on national and grocery anchor tenants and an improved overall shopping experience.

27
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

While e-commerce may have an impact on the size, mix and possibly even the location of physical stores, we expect that 
shopping centres are going to be a very important part of how retailers remain connected to their customers.  For example, the 
two largest demographic groups are the Baby Boomers in their retirement years and the Millennials, each having very different 
spending habits than previous generations.  The spending patterns of these two groups compound the effects of e-commerce by 
changing the focus of retail to more service-oriented providers, such as food and beverage, entertainment, personal services and 
fitness - or what we sometimes refer to as 'experiential retail'.  Our recent residential strategy addresses these trends, in part, as 
it not only re-purposes the existing retail, but also focuses the retail component on today’s changing retail landscape.

Canadian retail environment

We expect fundamentals in Canadian retail real estate to remain steady in 2017, particularly necessity-based retail services and 
restaurants. The Canadian retail environment continues to work through the disruption caused by Target's departure from Canada 
and other announced store closures that occurred over the past 24 months. These closures have created a more cautious 
environment with retailers; however, the Canadian market still largely benefits from a sound retail tenant base that exhibits 
financial strength. 

Strategy 

Sale of U.S. Operations  

In May of 2016, we completed the sale of our U.S. portfolio of 49 retail properties located in the Northeastern U.S. and Texas at a 
total sale price US$1.9 billion. RioCan received cash proceeds of approximately US$1.0 billion on closing, which was net of 
approximately US$0.9 billion in mortgage debt. We have executed a strategy that has helped to reduce the dilutive effects of the 
sale. The proceeds from the sale have enhanced our corporate liquidity to fund our Canadian growth strategy and development 
pipeline as outlined above, and has also significantly deleveraged our balance sheet.  We have simplified our business structure 
this year and expect to improve our strategic advantage in Canada by allowing us to focus exclusively on our Canadian 
operations. 

Canadian focus

The successful sale of our U.S. portfolio in the second quarter of 2016 has provided us with enhanced liquidity and a stronger 
balance sheet in order to focus on our Canadian growth strategy and development pipeline.  With 285 income producing 
properties in Canada offering approximately 43 million square feet of leasable space, our vision is to be the premier owner of 
Canadian shopping centres in our six major markets in addition to building and managing a portfolio of high quality mixed use 
urban assets with a substantial residential component.

Our Canadian growth strategy entails the following:

• 

• 

• 

• 

achieving organic growth by leveraging our existing strengths, such as our strong relationships with high quality tenants 
and partners, our size, diversity and experience;

an investment strategy that promotes growth and learning by bringing in additional partners with expertise when needed 
and an acquisitions/divestitures program focused on selectively growing our presence in the six major markets;

a disciplined development strategy for both commercial and mixed use, including a residential intensification program 
that includes purpose built, transit-oriented projects seeking to capitalize on our development capabilities and the high 
quality locational attributes of our land holdings; and lastly,

financial strength through prudent balance sheet management ensuring continued access to cost effective capital in 
support of our investment and development strategies, such as our $1 billion unsecured credit facility providing the Trust 
with unprecedented liquidity.

Development Program 

Many of our properties are located on or near existing or new transit lines approved by municipalities.  It offers a tremendous 
opportunity to increase our portfolio value through redevelopment and intensification of existing properties. The Trust will continue 
to pursue a disciplined approach to the development of new properties and the redevelopment and intensification of existing 
properties in Canada, with a focus on major urban markets. The markets of Toronto, Calgary, and Ottawa are a principal focus of 
our development and intensification efforts.

RioCan is committed to ensuring that the individual properties in the portfolio are utilized to their highest and best use over the 
long term. While there are numerous ways to utilize the existing properties beyond their current use of conventional retail centres, 
RioCan has focused on mixed use projects containing predominantly multi-residential (both rentals and condominiums), retail 
and, to a lesser extent, office rental buildings.

In addition to opportunities being identified within the existing portfolio, certain properties owned as part of our real estate joint 
venture with HBC have the strong potential for intensification as urban mixed use properties.

We will continue to use a staggered approach in our development program to avoid unnecessary concentration of development 
projects in a single period of time.  This will allow us to balance our development risk exposure and effectively manage our capital 
and personnel resources. 

Residential Focus

RioCan will continue to build our team to carry forward the residential development initiative as such initiative evolves, drawing 
from its existing areas of expertise. The current team is comprised of existing RioCan executives as well as third-party 
consultants. As the initiative continues to grow, additional resources may be added to the platform to facilitate such growth, 
including bringing in partners that have residential development and management expertise on a property-by-property basis. 

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There are numerous attributes that attracted RioCan to the multi-unit residential sector. The addition of residential density to 
existing sites is expected to enhance the value of the underlying retail element of a property. As well, we will be able to leverage 
our ownership of land in key urban locations, often those along mass transit lines, which should provide a competitive cost 
advantage.  Residential is a sector that allows a steady income stream with a growth profile that will serve as a partial hedge 
against inflation. The residential rental sector serves as a healthy diversification to RioCan’s retail portfolio.  Given our overall 
scale, we expect to drive long term efficiencies going forward. RioCan owns the underlying land, often at irreplaceable transit-
oriented locations, thus giving us the unique opportunity to create a tremendous amount of portfolio value. Finally, residential 
rental projects will typically attract favourable financing terms based on the availability of Canadian Mortgage and Housing 
Corporation (CMHC) insurance. 

Acquisitions and Dispositions 

There is greater competition for acquisitions because of a significant number of well-capitalized high net worth investors and 
institutions seeking quality investments, especially due to the current low interest rate environment in Canada. Given the 
competitive nature of the acquisition market and limited supply of acquisitions that meet RioCan's criteria in selected markets, it is 
not currently expected that acquisitions will be a significant growth driver in the near term. On occasion, management may be 
approached by a partner interested in disposing of its interest in a co-owned property. Our ability to acquire our co-owners' 
interests in property where we already have an efficient management structure in place represents a competitive advantage 
because we can acquire managing interests in highly desirable assets that are unavailable on the open market.  Consistent with 
our acquisition strategy noted above, we will continue to maintain a disciplined approach in evaluating these acquisition 
opportunities to ensure that they meet our investment criteria. 

RioCan will continue to dispose non-core assets in order to recycle capital into developments and acquisitions in higher growth 
major markets. We also evaluate the sale of selected assets as part of a process of actively managing our portfolio and as a 
means of increasing the portfolio weighting in the six major markets in Canada. 

Capital Management

RioCan is committed to prudent management of its balance sheet.  Management believes that the quality of RioCan’s assets and 
strong balance sheet are attractive to both lenders and equity investors, and should enable RioCan to continue to access multiple 
sources of capital at competitive rates. 

To support growth, RioCan employs a three-fold capital strategy: to provide the capital necessary to fund growth; to maintain 
sufficient flexibility to access capital in many forms, both public and private; and to manage the overall financial structure in a 
fashion that preserves investment grade credit ratings. RioCan strives for an optimal financial structure to drive appropriate risk-
adjusted total returns. The principal objectives of the capital strategy are to:

• 

• 

optimize the risk-adjusted cost of capital through an appropriate mix of debt and equity; 

raise debt from a variety of sources and maintain a well-staggered maturity schedule and a large pool of unencumbered 
assets;  

•  maintain and expand as necessary significant committed undrawn loan facilities to support current and future business 

requirements; 

• 

• 

actively manage financial risks, including interest rate, foreign exchange, liquidity and counterparty risks; and 

selectively sell assets as part of actively managing the portfolio and to increase the portfolio weighting to the six urban 
markets in Canada as a means to strategically recycle capital. 

Co-owner Relationships

We will continue to capitalize on the strength of our co-owner relationships to acquire property, enhance our development 
projects, leverage partner expertise and generate additional unitholder value pursuant to arrangements where RioCan earns fees 
for its services.  

SUSTAINABILITY

Embedding Sustainability

At RioCan, sustainability is an integral component of our strategy to maximize the value of our assets in order to create long term, 
reliable and increasing cash flow to our unitholders.

Our objective for sustainability is to be among leaders in embedding sustainability practices in our business model.  To us, 
embedding sustainability means that we enhance our business model and management approaches, considering sustainability in 
developments, operations, investment activities and corporate functions.

Historically, we pursued a variety of sustainability initiatives at the corporate level and at the property level under Corporate Social 
Responsibility.  In 2016, we confirmed a company wide commitment to sustainability and developed an overall strategy and plan 
for sustainability.  We believe the term sustainability more accurately reflects the broader commitments we are making in building 
a sustainable business model and systematically embedding people, community and environmental considerations in our 
decision-making and performance evaluation.  Embedding sustainability is our overall framework for bringing together our 
sustainability initiatives and plans.

We recognize that sustainability is important to our employees, tenants, partners, investors and other diverse stakeholder groups.  
Our commitment is to make measurable progress on our Embedding Sustainability mandate and to report on the progress we are 
making to improve our sustainability performance.  

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Our platform for sustainability focuses on three areas.  To achieve the sustainability vision, we have centered on People, 
Community and Environmental leadership.

People 

People leadership focuses on our tenants, consumers, partners, employees and investors.  Starting with a safe place to live, work 
and shop at, we conduct business with integrity and transparency and strive to create mutually beneficial partnerships with our 
stakeholder groups.  Examples of our people commitments include: 

• 
• 

Engage with our tenants, partners, employees and investors regularly to evaluate and evolve sustainability initiatives
Strive for diversity so that our management teams and employee base reflect the diverse communities where we 
operate

•  Use sustainability as a platform for employee development, engagement programs and recruitment 
•  Cooperate with tenants to meet joint sustainability goals
• 
• 

Educate our stakeholders how sustainability is creating value to the company
Engage our partners in contributing to our sustainability goals from the onset

Community

Community leadership builds on our history of investing in the communities where we operate and develop.  Examples of our 
community commitments include: 

• 

• 

Be community stewards by proactively building relationships with and contributing to the communities in which we 
operate
Support our Developments, Construction, Operations, Asset Management and Investment teams to create healthy, 
resource-efficient and durable buildings by having clear guidelines and decision frameworks 

•  Continue to give back to our communities by investing in community initiatives that align with our values and 

sustainability priorities

Environmental 

Environmental leadership strives to minimize the environmental impacts of our properties and developments. Examples of our 
environmental commitments include: 

• 
• 

Support our properties in embedding sustainable practices by providing standards, guidelines and training 
Invest in programs and equipment that enhance energy and water efficiency, indoor air quality and minimize waste to 
landfill
Examine the viability of implementing renewable energy at new developments
Protect and enhance the natural environment, where feasible
These commitments frame our strategy and plan for sustainability at RioCan.  

• 
• 

For each pillar, we have identified specific initiatives to be implemented.  We are also defining specific performance measures to 
track our progress on these initiatives.  

Over the next year, we will focus on developing sustainability polices and standards, formalizing our governance structure, 
communicating and educating stakeholders on our sustainability vision and plan, and preparing the organization to measure 
sustainability.  In 2016, we completed a GRESB (Global Real Estate Sustainability Benchmark) diagnostic internally to identify 
specific areas of strength and areas for development.  This diagnostic informed our overall Embedding Sustainability framework.  
In 2017, to further reinforce our commitment to measuring sustainability performance, we are preparing to participate in GRESB.  

In our 2017 MD&A, we will share the specific initiatives we will pursue and our approach to sustainability performance 
measurement. We have also integrated sustainability into our corporate reporting.

Sustainability Governance 

We have assembled a Sustainability Steering Committee comprised of cross functional Executive and Leadership team members 
to oversee our sustainability strategy implementation and to drive performance improvements. Steering Committee members will 
sponsor and provide guidance on sustainability initiatives within the organization and enable performance measurement.  We 
have also committed to hiring a full time resource to manage day-to-day sustainability strategy implementation.  

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

PRESENTATION OF FINANCIAL INFORMATION AND NON-GAAP MEASURES

Presentation of Financial Information

Unless otherwise specified herein, financial results, including related historical comparatives, contained in this MD&A are based 
on RioCan’s 2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements. In connection with the sale of our U.S. assets, the consolidated 
statement of income results from our U.S. geographic segment are presented as discontinued operations in accordance with 
IFRS.

All references, herein, to "Canada" and "U.S." represent the results from our continuing and discontinued operations, respectively.  
Continuing operations is comprised of our former Canadian geographic segment and discontinued operations is comprised of our 
former U.S. geographic segment. 

Non-GAAP Measures 

In addition to reported IFRS measures, industry practice is to evaluate real estate entities giving consideration, in part, to certain 
non-IFRS performance measures described below, such as funds from operations, net operating income and same store and 
same property net operating income growth.  Management believes that these measures are helpful to investors because they 
are widely recognized measures of a REIT's performance and provide a relevant basis for comparison among real estate entities.  
In addition to the IFRS results, we also use these measures internally to measure the operating performance of our investment 
property portfolio.  These measures are not in accordance with IFRS generally accepted accounting principles ("GAAP") and 
have no standardized definition prescribed by IFRS and, as such, our computation of these non-GAAP performance measures 
might not be comparable to similar measures reported by other issuers. Non-GAAP measures should not be considered as 
alternatives to net income or comparable metrics determined in accordance with IFRS as indicators of RioCan’s performance, 
liquidity, cash flows and profitability.  We supplement our IFRS measures with these non-GAAP measures to aid in assessing our 
core performance and we report these additional measures so that investors may do the same. Management believes that the 
supplementary non-GAAP measures described below provide readers with a more comprehensive understanding of 
management's perspective on its operating performance.

The Real Property Association of Canada (REALpac) recently undertook a project to draft a white paper prescribing revised 
definitions for certain non-GAAP financial measures of cash flow and operating performance commonly used by the Canadian 
real estate industry.  RioCan intends to review these guidelines once they are issued with a view to adopt, where appropriate, the 
revised definitions for our first quarter 2017 reporting.  Existing non-GAAP financial measures that could potentially be impacted 
are Adjusted Funds From Operations (AFFO) and a new non-GAAP measure called Adjusted Cash Flow from Operations 
(ACFO) could be introduced.  

The following discussion describes the non-GAAP measures RioCan management currently uses in evaluating its operating 
results.  For greater clarity, each measure defined below includes the results from both continuing and discontinued operations on 
a combined basis. 

Funds From Operations (FFO) 

FFO is a non-GAAP financial measure of operating performance widely used by the Canadian real estate industry based on the 
definition set forth by REALpac, which published a white paper describing the intended use of FFO last revised in April 2014. It is 
RioCan's view that IFRS net income does not necessarily provide a complete measure of RioCan's recurring operating 
performance.  This is primarily because IFRS net income includes items such as fair value changes of investment property that 
are subject to market conditions and capitalization rate fluctuations and gains and losses on the disposal of investment 
properties, including associated transaction costs and taxes, which are not representative of a company's recurring operating 
performance.  For these reasons, RioCan has adopted REALpac's definition of FFO, which was created by the real estate 
industry as a supplemental measure of recurring operating performance. 

FFO is computed as IFRS consolidated net income attributable to RioCan common and preferred unitholders adjusted for items 
such as, but not limited to, unrealized changes in the fair value of investment properties and transaction gains and losses on the 
acquisition or disposal of investment properties (including related transactions costs and income taxes) calculated on a basis 
consistent with IFRS.

FFO should not be construed as an alternative to net income or cash flows provided by or used in operating activities determined 
in accordance with IFRS. RioCan’s method of calculating FFO is in accordance with REALpac’s recommendations, but may differ 
from other issuers' methods and, accordingly, may not be comparable to FFO reported by other issuers. 

A reconciliation of FFO to IFRS net income can be found under Results of Operations section in this MD&A. 

Operating Funds From Operations (OFFO) 

OFFO is a non-GAAP measure of operating performance approximating the recurring operating performance generated through 
the direct or indirect ownership and management of income properties. RioCan considers OFFO to be a meaningful measure 
because it adjusts for items included in FFO that management views as capital or transactional in nature. OFFO is currently a key 
internal measure of business performance that management uses to determine the level of employee variable incentive-based 
compensation and certain long-term incentive based equity unit awards each year. While there is no standard industry-defined 
measure of OFFO, management considers it a useful measure in helping readers further assess the Trust's core Investment 
property operating performance in a manner similar to management.   

In addition to the adjusting items in computing FFO as described above, OFFO adjusts for the following additional items:

• 

certain costs, including interest and taxes, related to investment properties identified for future potential development 
that are currently inactive that, in management’s view, form part of the capital cost of such projects; 

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

• 

• 

• 

demolition costs associated with backfilling vacant units on income producing properties that are not capitalized to the 
carrying value of investment property under IFRS;

transaction gains and losses on the sale of residential inventory and marketable securities; and

other gains and losses resulting from corporate transaction activities, such as the repayment of long-term debt and 
redemptions of preferred unit capital.

A reconciliation of net income to OFFO is presented under the Results of Operations section of this MD&A.  

During 2016, RioCan's management undertook a review of its non-GAAP measures of financial performance.  In an effort to 
improve comparability to other Canadian real estate reporting issuers and reduce the number of non-GAAP measures, RioCan 
will be transitioning toward FFO as its key measure of operating performance, and will no longer report OFFO effective January 
1, 2017.  Commencing with the first quarter of 2017, the Trust will be focusing on FFO as a key performance measure for 
determining the level of employee incentive-based compensation.

Adjusted Funds From Operations (AFFO) 

AFFO is another non-GAAP financial measure of operating performance widely used by the real estate industry in Canada as an 
input in assessing a REIT's distribution payout ratio and for determining an appropriate level of sustainable common unitholder 
distributions over the long run.  While distributions can be analyzed in comparison to FFO, management believes that AFFO 
makes a number of adjustments to FFO with the intention of providing a better measure of cash available for distribution.  

As such, AFFO starts with the computation of FFO and adjusts for the same items described in computing OFFO, with the 
exception of realized gains and losses on the disposition of marketable securities, which are included in FFO and AFFO, plus the 
following adjustments: 

• 

• 

• 

includes a deduction for straight-line rent revenue;

adds back all non-cash unit-based compensation expenses; and

includes deductions for normalized capital expenditures, which include both third-party leasing commissions and capital 
spending related to maintaining the physical condition and the existing earnings capacity of the Trust's income property 
portfolio. See below for further description of normalized capital expenditures.

Effective January 1, 2017, the Trust intends to deduct internal leasing costs associated with income producing properties in the 
determination of AFFO.

Gains and losses on marketable securities are included in AFFO as management considers such amounts when assessing the 
Trust's cash available for distribution to common unitholders.   

While there is no standard industry-defined measure of AFFO, management considers AFFO to be a useful supplementary 
disclosure in addition to the cash flow measures determined under IFRS.  RioCan’s method of calculating AFFO will differ from 
other issuers’ methods and, accordingly, will not be comparable to such amounts reported by other issuers. 

A reconciliation of AFFO to net cash flow from operating activities is presented under Results of Operations.

Normalized capital expenditures

Normalized capital expenditures are an estimate made by management of the amount of ongoing capital investment required to 
maintain the condition of the physical property and current rental revenues. Management considers a number of items in 
estimating normalized capital expenditures relative to the growth in the age and size of the Trust's property portfolio. Such factors 
include, but are not limited to, review and analysis of seven to ten years of historical capital spending, comparison of each 
quarter's annualized actual spending activity to the annual budgeted capital expenditures as approved by our Board of Trustees 
at the beginning of each year and management's expectations and/or plans for the properties.  

Since actual capital expenditures can vary widely from quarter to quarter depending on a number of factors, management 
believes that normalized capital expenditures are a more relevant input than actual capital expenditures in assessing a REIT's 
distribution payout ratio and for determining an appropriate level of sustainable distributions over the long run. The number of 
factors affecting the quarterly variations in actual capital expenditures include, but are not limited to, lease expiry profile, tenant 
vacancies, age and location of the properties, general economic and market conditions, which impact the level of tenant 
bankruptcies and acquisitions and dispositions.  As part of formulating its estimate of normalized capital expenditures, the Trust 
reviews its actual capital spending levels based on property performance and type of spend (e.g. HVAC, elevator, roof, parking 
lot, electrical, etc.) to determine the amount of ongoing capital investment required to maintain the condition of the physical 
property and current rental revenues. This review is done with representation and input from RioCan's cross-functional teams.  
Short-term fluctuations in actual capital expenditures are analyzed to remove any expenditures that are determined to not 
represent the level of ongoing maintenance capital investment.  For example, during periods of adverse market conditions where 
RioCan experiences a period of higher tenant turnover, short-term spikes in leasing, re-tenanting costs and landlord work would 
not necessarily result in a material increase to the level of ongoing capital investment over the life cycle of a property, and 
accordingly, are removed from the actual costs for the purpose of determining normalized capital expenditures.  Property capital 
expenditures that are generally expected to add to the overall earnings capacity of the property are considered revenue 
enhancing capital expenditures by management and are also excluded in determining the normalized capital expenditures.

IFRS capital expenditures are further discussed and analyzed under the section Capital Expenditures on Income Properties.  

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Net Operating Income (NOI) 

NOI is a non-GAAP measure and is defined by RioCan as rental revenue from income properties less property operating costs 
adjusted to normalize the impact of the application of the requirements of International Financial Reporting Interpretation 
Committee Issue 21, Levies (IFRIC 21) by matching the pro-rata expense over the period of property ownership with the actual 
timing of tenant cost recoveries.  

For the calculation of NOI, rental revenue includes all amounts earned from tenants related to lease agreements, including 
property tax and operating cost recoveries, to the extent recoverable under tenant leases. Amounts payable by tenants to 
terminate their lease prior to the contractual expiry date (lease cancellation fees) are included in rental revenue for the calculation 
of NOI. The amount of property taxes and operating costs that can be recovered from tenants is impacted by property vacancy 
and fixed cost recovery tenancies. 

Management believes that NOI is a meaningful supplementary measure of operating performance of the Trust's income 
producing properties in addition to the most comparable IFRS measure, which we believe is operating income.  The IFRS 
measure of operating income also includes residential inventory gains and losses as well as property and asset management 
fees earned from co-owners.  While management considers its residential inventory and portfolio management activities part of 
its business operations, and thus operating income, such revenues are not part of how we evaluate the operating performance of 
our income producing properties.  As such, we report NOI as a useful supplementary non-GAAP measure to report the operating 
performance of our income producing properties.

NOI is an important measure of the income generated from the income producing properties and is used by the Trust in 
evaluating the performance of the portfolio, as well as a key input in determining the value of the income producing portfolio. 
RioCan’s method of calculating NOI may differ from other issuers’ methods and, accordingly, may not be comparable to NOI 
reported by other issuers. 

Same Store NOI 

Same store NOI is a non-GAAP financial measure used by RioCan to assess the period-over-period performance of the same 
asset base having consistent leasable area in both periods. To calculate same store NOI growth, NOI for the period is adjusted to 
remove the impact of straight-line rents, lease cancellation fees, foreign exchange and other non-recurring items. Same store 
performance is a common measure of NOI growth used by the retail industry. RioCan considers this a meaningful measure 
because it allows management to determine what portion of its period-over-period rental income increase is attributed to rent 
growth and leasing activity.

As part of our review of non-GAAP measures and our efforts to reduce the use of such measures as previously discussed, the 
Trust will be increasingly focusing on same property NOI growth as its key measure of portfolio performance, and will no longer 
report same store NOI growth effective January 1, 2017.  While we acknowledge the usefulness of same store NOI growth as a 
good indicator of operating performance, in our view, it is less effective and a relatively cumbersome calculation relative to same 
property NOI as discussed below in the context of our considerable redevelopment program and tenant backfill initiatives where 
space is significantly reconfigured.

Same Property NOI 

Same property NOI is a non-GAAP financial measure that is consistent with the definition of same-store NOI above, except that 
same property includes the NOI impact of redevelopment or expansion of assets within the real estate portfolio. Same property 
performance is a meaningful measure of operating performance because it allows management to assess rent growth and 
leasing activity of its portfolio on a RioCan property basis and the impact of capital investments.

Enterprise Value 

Enterprise value is a non-GAAP measure calculated at the reporting period date as the sum of RioCan's total debt measured on a 
proportionate basis, common unit market capitalization and preferred unit market capitalization.  This non-GAAP measure is used 
by RioCan management and the industry as a measure of total value of the REIT based on the market price of debt and equity 
instead of IFRS GAAP total assets.

RioCan’s Proportionate Share

Effective July 1, 2015, certain financial information previously presented in this MD&A as "RioCan's Interest" is disclosed in 
accordance with IFRS.  Debt metrics, such as those described below, are shown on both an IFRS and a RioCan proportionate 
basis (as defined below). Unless otherwise indicated, comparative financial information has been updated to reflect the current 
year's presentation.  

All references to “RioCan’s proportionate share” refer to a non-GAAP financial measure representing RioCan’s proportionate 
interest in the financial position and results of operations of its entire portfolio, taking into account the difference in accounting for 
joint ventures using proportionate consolidation versus equity accounting. Management considers certain results presented on a 
proportionate basis to be a meaningful measure because it is consistent with how RioCan and its partners manage the net assets 
and assess operating performance of each of its co-owned properties. The Trust currently accounts for its investments in joint 
ventures and associates using the equity method of accounting.

The remaining definitions outlined below pertain to measures and/or inputs to our financial leverage, coverage ratios and other 
key metrics that we use to manage capital and to assess our liquidity, borrowing capacity and cost of capital.  All of these 
measures include the results of both continuing and discontinued operations. In our opinion, the following ratios calculated on the 
basis of the combined continuing and discontinued operations provides a more meaningful measure of financial performance with 
respect to the periods reported.

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Adjusted Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation and Amortization (Adjusted EBITDA) 

Adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure that is used by management as an input in several of our debt metrics, providing 
information with respect to certain financial ratios that we use in measuring our debt profile and assessing our ability to satisfy 
obligations, including servicing our debt. Adjusted EBITDA is used as an alternative to IFRS net income because it excludes 
major non-cash items (including, but not limited to, depreciation and amortization expense, unit-based compensation costs and 
fair value gains and losses on investment properties), interest costs, current and deferred tax expenses (recoveries), transaction 
gains and losses on the disposition of investment properties and equity accounted investments, transaction costs and other items 
that management considers either non-operating in nature or related to the capital cost of our investment properties.  Realized 
gains and losses on the disposition of marketable securities are included in Adjusted EBITDA for purposes of management 
assessing the Trust's ongoing ability to satisfy its obligations and service its debt.

A reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to IFRS net income and the debt metrics that utilize Adjusted EBITDA are presented under   
Capital Resources and Liquidity - Debt and Leverage Metrics in this MD&A.

Operating EBITDA

Operating EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure that is used by management in the computation of certain debt metrics, providing 
information with respect to certain financial ratios that we use in measuring our debt profile, excluding debt-related to properties 
under development.  In addition to the adjusting items to arrive at Adjusted EBITDA as defined above, Operating EBITDA also 
excludes the impact to EBITDA of transaction gains and losses arising on the disposition of residential inventory and marketable 
securities, as well as certain costs related to currently inactive development projects that, in management’s view, form part of the 
capital cost of such projects. Operating EBITDA is used as an input to our debt metrics and can be calculated on both a RioCan's 
proportionate share basis and using IFRS reported amounts, depending on the basis of presentation. A reconciliation of 
Operating EBITDA to IFRS net income is presented under Capital Resources and Liquidity - Debt and Leverage Metrics.

Debt to Adjusted EBITDA 

Debt to adjusted EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure of our financial leverage calculated on a rolling twelve month basis and 
defined as our quarterly average total debt (net of cash and cash equivalents) divided by Adjusted EBITDA. Debt to adjusted 
EBITDA is calculated and presented in the Debt and Leverage Metrics section of this MD&A on both a RioCan's proportionate 
share basis and using IFRS reported amounts. 

Operating Debt to Operating EBITDA 

Operating debt to operating EBITDA is a non-GAAP measure of our financial leverage calculated on a rolling twelve month basis 
and defined as our quarterly average total debt (net of cash and cash equivalents) less a portion of such debt allocated to 
properties under development divided by operating EBITDA.  Operating debt to operating EBITDA is calculated and presented in 
the Debt and Leverage Metrics section of this MD&A on both a RioCan's proportionate share basis and using IFRS reported 
amounts. 

Effective January 1, 2017, the Trust will be increasingly focusing on debt to adjusted EBITDA as part of its efforts to reduce the 
number of reported non-GAAP measures and improve comparability to other Canadian real estate issuers.

Debt Service Coverage

Debt service coverage is a non-GAAP measure of our financial leverage calculated on a rolling twelve month basis and is defined 
as adjusted EBITDA divided by the sum of total interest costs (including interest that has been capitalized) and scheduled 
mortgage principal amortization. It measures our ability to meet our debt service obligations on a 12-month rolling basis.  Debt 
service coverage is calculated and presented in the Debt and Leverage Metrics section of this MD&A on both a RioCan's 
proportionate share basis and using IFRS reported amounts. 

Interest Coverage 

Interest coverage is a non-GAAP measure of our financial leverage calculated on a rolling twelve month basis and is defined as 
adjusted EBITDA divided by total interest costs (including interest that has been capitalized).  It measures our ability to meet our 
interest cost obligations on a 12-month rolling basis.  Interest coverage is calculated and presented in the Debt and Leverage 
Metrics section of this MD&A on both a RioCan's proportionate share basis and using IFRS reported amounts. 

Fixed Charge Coverage 

Fixed charge coverage is a non-GAAP measure of our financial leverage calculated on a rolling twelve month basis and is 
defined as adjusted EBITDA divided by total interest costs (including interest that has been capitalized) and distributions declared 
and/or paid to common and preferred unitholders.  It measures our ability to meet our interest and unitholder distribution 
obligations on a 12-month rolling basis.  Fixed charge coverage is calculated and presented in the Debt and Leverage Metrics 
section of this MD&A on both a RioCan's proportionate share basis and using IFRS reported amounts. 

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

Selected Annual Information

(thousands of dollars, except where otherwise noted)

Revenue (i)

Net income from continuing operations

Net income

FFO (ii)

OFFO (ii)

AFFO (ii)

Total debt (iii)

Weighted average common units outstanding – diluted (in thousands)

Per unit basis (diluted)

Net income from continuing operations

Net income

FFO (ii)

OFFO (ii)

AFFO (ii)

Common unitholder distributions

Key Ratios

Same property NOI growth (decline) % (ii)

Common unitholder distributions paid as a percentage of AFFO (v)

Debt to total assets (iii) (vi)

Debt to total assets (RioCan's proportionate share) (ii) (vi)

Interest coverage (RioCan's proportionate share) (ii) (vi)

Debt to adjusted EBITDA (RioCan's proportionate share) (ii) (vi)

Operating debt to operating EBITDA (RioCan's proportionate share) (ii) (vi)

Weighted average contractual interest rate

Unencumbered assets to unsecured debt (ii) (iv)

% NOI expected to be generated from unencumbered assets (ii)

2016

1,133,332

683,151

830,838

547,879

545,498

501,183

5,653,592

325,665

2015

2014

1,087,736

1,025,003

417,566

142,437

622,364

556,680

500,976

7,413,370

319,983

447,715

663,965

506,785

517,414

463,556

6,443,565

308,672

$               2.06

$               1.26

$               1.40

$               2.51

$               0.40

$               2.10

$               1.68

$               1.94

$               1.64

$               1.68

$               1.74

$               1.68

$               1.54

$               1.57

$               1.50

$               1.41

$               1.41

$               1.41

0.5%

91.4%

39.7%

40.0%

3.36

8.10

7.74

3.54%

240%

49.5%

(1.8)%

90.4%

46.1%

46.3%

3.07

8.34

7.93

3.65%

166%

25.1%

1.6%

93.4%

43.7%

43.8%

2.89

8.09

7.67

4.04%

137%

19.9%

(i)  Revenue is the sum of rental revenue, property and asset management fees and residential inventory sales.
(ii)  Represents a non-GAAP measure.  RioCan's method of calculating non-GAAP measures may differ from other reporting issuers' methods and 

accordingly may not be comparable.  For definitions and basis of presentation of RioCan's non-GAAP measures, refer to the section Presentation 
of Financial Information and Non-GAAP Measures in this MD&A. 

(iii)  Debt to total assets is a non-GAAP measure and is calculated as total debt less cash and cash equivalents as of December 31 of each year, 

divided by total assets, excluding cash and cash equivalents. Total debt is defined as the sum of mortgages payable, lines of credit and other bank 
loans, mortgages on properties held for sale and debentures payable.

(iv)  Unencumbered assets to unsecured debt is a non-GAAP measure and is defined as unencumbered assets divided by unsecured debt.
(v)  Calculated on a trailing twelve month basis.  For further discussion of the Trust's common unitholder distributions as a percentage of AFFO, refer 

to the section Capital Resources and Liquidity in this MD&A.

(vi)  Refer to the sections Capital Structure and Debt and Leverage Metrics in this MD&A for further details. 

35
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

2016 Financial Highlights 

Due to the sale of our U.S. property portfolio in the second quarter of 2016, our results are presented on both a continuing and 
discontinued operations basis below. 

Net income attributable to unitholders 

(thousands of dollars, except per unit amounts)

Net income (loss) attributable to unitholders:

  Continuing operations

  Discontinued operations

Three months ended 
 December 31,

Year ended 
 December 31,

2016

2015

2016

2015

$

178,472

$

199,796

$

683,060

(14,013)

(377,837)

147,687

Net income (loss) attributable to unitholders

   $

164,459    $

(178,041)    $

830,747

Net income (loss) per unit attributable to unitholders (basic):

Continuing operations

Discontinued operations

$

0.54

$

(0.04)

Net income (loss) per unit attributable to unitholders (basic)

   $

0.50    $

Net income (loss) per unit attributable to unitholders (diluted):

Continuing operations

Discontinued operations

$

0.54

$

(0.04)

Net income (loss) per unit attributable to unitholders (diluted)

   $

0.50    $

0.61

(1.17)

(0.56)

0.61

(1.17)

(0.56)

$

$

$

$

2.06

0.45

2.51

2.06

0.45

2.51

$

$

$

$

$

$

416,892

(275,129)

141,763

1.26

(0.86)

0.40

1.26

(0.86)

0.40

Continuing Operations

2016 

Net income from continuing operations attributable to unitholders for the year ended December 31, 2016 is $683 million 
compared to $417 million during the same period in 2015, representing an increase of $266 million or 64%. Excluding a $274 
million increase in fair value and the $88 million Target settlement received in 2015, net income from continuing operations 
attributable to unitholders for the year ended December 31, 2016 is $500 million compared to $420 million in 2015, representing 
an increase of $80 million or 19%.

The increase of $80 million is largely the net effect of the following:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

$42 million of income primarily due to property acquisitions (net of dispositions), higher same property performance and 
higher operating income from greenfield developments, net of lower lease cancellation fees; 

$14 million in gains related to the sale of marketable securities;

$9.9 million in lower debt redemption costs;

$8.7 million in gross transaction gains mainly due to gains from the disposition of one investment property during 2016 and 
the impact of a third quarter 2015 transaction loss upon transfer of certain assets and liabilities to form the RioCan-HBC joint 
venture;

$7.2 million in interest savings arising mainly from the refinancing of debt at lower interest rates and lower average debt 
outstanding; 

$5.1 million in higher deferred tax recoveries, partly offset by

$3.5 million in lower property and management fees mainly related to lost management fees due to the purchase of 
additional co-ownership interests during Q4 2015 and Q3 2016;

$2.5 million in lower income associated with our residential inventory sales; and

$2.4 million in higher leasing and general and administrative expenses.

For a discussion of fair value adjustments during the year ended December 31, 2016, refer to the Other income (loss) section of 
this MD&A.

Q4 2016 

Net income from continuing operations attributable to unitholders for the fourth quarter of 2016 is $178 million compared to $200 
million during the same period in 2015, representing a decrease of $21 million. Excluding a $43 million increase in fair value and 
the $88 million Target settlement received in the same period of 2015, net income from continuing operations attributable to 
unitholders for the fourth quarter of 2016 is $134 million compared to $110 million in 2015, representing an increase of $24 million 
or 22%.

The increase of $24 million is largely the net effect of the following:

• 

• 

$18 million of income primarily due to property acquisitions (net of dispositions) and increased same property performance, 
net of lower lease cancellation fees;

$4.4 million in lower interest expense primarily due to interest savings on the refinancing of aggregate debt at lower effective 
rates and less total debt outstanding; 

36
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

$3.7 million in gains related to the sale of marketable securities;

$2.6 million in lower transaction costs due to the level of and timing of property acquisition and disposition activity in 2016 
relative to 2015;

$4.4 million in higher deferred tax recoveries, partly offset by

$4.6 million in lower other income primarily due to a fourth quarter 2015 net transaction gain related to the transfer of certain 
assets and liabilities to form the RioCan-HBC joint venture;

$2.5 million in lower income associated with our residential inventory sales due to cost adjustments;

$1.4 million in less property and asset management fees; and

$1.3 million in lower dividend income from marketable securities.

For the fourth quarter 2016 and 2015 consolidated statements of income refer to Quarterly Results and Trend Analysis section of 
this MD&A. For a discussion of fair value adjustments during the quarter, refer to the Other income (loss) section of this MD&A. 

Discontinued Operations

2016 

Net income from discontinued operations attributable to unitholders is $148 million compared to a net loss of $275 million in 2015, 
representing an increase of $423 million.  This increase was primarily due to the inclusion in 2015 net income from discontinued 
operations of a $147 million fair value loss mainly due to an increase in capitalization rates of our Northeast U.S. portfolio and a 
$230 million deferred tax provision relating to the sale of the U.S. portfolio.  Excluding these factors, income from discontinued 
operations attributable to unitholders for the year ended December 31, 2016 decreased by $76 million.

This $76 million decrease is explained by the following: $123 million of reduced operating income due to operations ceasing in 
May 2016 from the sale of our U.S. property portfolio, partly offset by higher transaction gains of $9.2 million due to our U.S. 
asset sale (net of related transaction costs), lower interest costs and other expenses of $34 million, and reduced losses from 
equity accounted joint ventures of $4.1 million.

Q4 2016  

The net loss from discontinued operations attributable to unitholders is $14 million this quarter compared to $378 million in 2015, 
representing a reduction in net loss of $364 million from the prior period, mainly due to the sale of our U.S. property portfolio. The 
net loss during the quarter is the result of $2.5 million in additional professional fees in connection with the disposition of our U.S. 
property portfolio and $11 million in higher current tax expense, which includes the impact of foreign exchange translation on 
accrued taxes payable and an additional current tax provision. 

Operating Income 

The IFRS operating income for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows:

(thousands of dollars)

Revenue

Rental income

Residential inventory sales

Property and asset management fees

Direct costs

Property operating costs

Recoverable under tenant leases

Non-recoverable from tenants

Residential inventory cost of sales

Three months ended December 31,

Year ended December 31,

2016

2015

2016

2015

$

$

$

285,257

$

263,893 $

1,103,884

$

1,039,068

3,353

2,968

22,888

4,355

16,262

13,186

31,937

16,731

291,578

$

291,136 $

1,133,332

$

1,087,736

101,058

$

96,386 $

397,776

$

373,698

5,233

4,550

110,841

6,316

21,563

124,265

19,684

16,188

433,648

20,465

29,343

423,506

664,230

Operating income 

$

180,737

$

166,871 $

699,684

$

2016

Operating income from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2016 is $700 million compared to $664 million 
during the same period in 2015, representing an increase of $35 million or 5.3%. The increase of $35 million is primarily the net 
effect of the following:

• 

• 

• 

$43 million higher operating income due to acquisitions net of dispositions, particularly due to the acquisition of increased 
ownership interests in thirty RioCan/Kimco and four CPPIB co-owned properties in 2016;

$2.7 million of same property operating income growth particularly as a result of progress on Target backfill and same store 
growth, as further explained in the NOI section below; offset by 

$7.0 million lower lease cancellation fees compared to 2015 largely due to a $4.8 million fee received from one tenant at 
RioCan Centre Victoria during the first quarter of 2015 and $3.7 million in fees from two tenants at Yonge Eglinton Centre in 

37
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

the third quarter of 2015;

$3.5 million in lower property and management fees; and

$2.5 million in lower residential inventory sales, net of cost of sales, due to less residential units sold during the year.

• 

• 

Q4 2016  

Operating income from continuing operations for the year ended December 31, 2016 is $181 million compared to $167 million 
during the same period in 2015, representing an increase of $14 million or 8.3%. The increase of $14 million is the net effect of 
largely the following:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

$11 million higher operating income connected with acquisitions net of dispositions, particularly due to the acquisition of 
increased ownership interests in four CPPIB co-owned properties in 2016;

$3.3 million of same property operating income growth particularly as a result of progress on Target backfills and same store 
growth;

$3.3 million in higher straight-line rent revenue; offset by, 

$1.4 million in lower property and management fees; and

$2.5 million in lower residential inventory sales, net of cost of sales, due to less residential units sold during the year.

For the fourth quarter 2016 and 2015 consolidated statements of income refer to Quarterly Results and Trend Analysis section of 
this MD&A.

Net Operating Income (NOI) 

This NOI section is a sub-section of the MD&A related to IFRS operating income.  The NOI for the quarter and year ended 
December 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows: 

(thousands of dollars)

Operating income (i)

Adjusted for the following:

Residential inventory

Sales

Cost of sales

Property and asset management fees

Three months ended December 31,

Year ended December 31,

2016

2015

2016

2015

$

180,737

$

166,871

$

699,684

$

664,230

(3,353)

4,550

(2,968)

(22,888)

21,563

(4,355)

(16,262)

16,188

(13,186)

(31,937)

29,343

(16,731)

NOI

$

178,966

$

161,191

$

686,424

$

644,905

NOI as a percentage of rental revenue (excluding

the impact of lease cancellation fees)

Add: NOI of proportionate share of equity accounted 

investments

RioCan-HBC JV

Other (ii)

62.7%

61.0%

62.1%

61.6%

3,191

176

2,858

279

12,271

933

5,531

1,054

NOI - RioCan's proportionate share

$

182,333

$

164,328

$

699,628

$

651,490

(i)   
(ii) 

In accordance with IFRS.
Includes NOI from RioCan's Canadian equity accounted investments in Dawson-Yonge LP, WhiteCastle New Urban Fund, LP, WhiteCastle New 
Urban Fund 2, LP and WhiteCastle New Urban Fund 3, LP.

38
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Canadian Portfolio

Same store and same property NOI for the quarter and year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 are as follows:

0.6%

(1.9%)

0.5%

nm

(93.3%)

42.8%

7.6%

(69.7%)

9.3%

5.3%

6.4%

nm

(11.5%)

7.4%

(thousands of dollars)

Same store (i)

Redevelopment and intensification (ii)

Same properties (iii)

Acquisitions (iv)

Dispositions (v)

Greenfield development (vi)

NOI before adjustments

Lease cancellation fees

Straight-line rent adjustment

NOI from properties under
development (vii)

Three months ended 
 December 31,

2016

2015

Increase
(decrease)

Year ended 
 December 31,

2016

2015

Increase
(decrease)

$

146,233

$

143,714

1.8% $

564,114

$

560,957

5,493

151,726

21,257

—

779

4,733

148,447

8,717

2,038

230

173,762

159,432

113

582

145

3,916

1,143

16.1%

2.2%

nm

(100.0%)

nm

9.0%

28.3%

nm

1,064

7.4%

24,862

588,976

76,317

1,192

5,594

672,079

3,052

7,263

4,030

25,332

586,289

16,264

17,901

3,918

624,372

10,062

6,643

3,828

NOI

$

178,966

$

161,191

11.0% $

686,424

$

644,905

Add: NOI of proportionate share of 
equity accounted investments:

RioCan-HBC JV

Other (viii)

3,191

176

2,858

279

11.7%

(36.9%)

12,271

933

5,531

1,054

NOI - RioCan's proportionate share $

182,333

$

164,328

11.0% $

699,628

$

651,490

“nm” – not meaningful. 
(i)  Refer to the same store NOI definition in the Non-GAAP Measures section of this MD&A.
(ii)  Redevelopment and intensification represents NOI from income producing properties or specific units within a property being re-positioned or 

expanded.

(iii)  Refer to the same property NOI definition in the Non-GAAP Measures section of this MD&A.
(iv)  Acquisitions represent NOI from income producing properties purchased during the periods being compared.
(v)   Dispositions represent NOI from income producing properties sold during the periods being compared.
(vi)  Greenfield development represents NOI from greenfield properties as each individual unit is 100% income producing for two comparable periods.
(vii)   NOI from properties under development represents NOI from properties acquired for re-development purposes.
(viii)  Includes NOI from RioCan's Canadian equity accounted investments in Dawson Yonge LP, WhiteCastle New Urban Fund, LP, WhiteCastle New 

Urban Fund 2, LP and WhiteCastle New Urban Fund 3, LP. 

2016 

Same store NOI grew by 0.6% or $3.2 million compared to the same period in 2015 as explained by the following aggregate 
changes:

• 

• 

$25.4 million of higher NOI comprising $14.8 million from new leasing (including re-leased space due to bankruptcies 
and lease cancellations), $6.4 million increased rent from renewals and rent steps, $3.5 million in percentage rent and a 
decrease of $0.7 million in Target co-tenancy claims; partially offset by

$22.2 million of lower NOI resulting from vacancies (including the impact of previously agreed upon lease cancellations). 

Same property NOI increased 0.5% or $2.7 million year to date primarily due to the reasons cited above as well as the timing of 
redevelopment projects completed in 2015 and 2016. 

NOI benefited from higher property acquisition activity, net of disposals, primarily due to the acquisition of the increased 
ownership interests in thirty RioCan/Kimco and four CPPIB co-owned properties.  In aggregate, acquisitions net of disposition 
activity, generated an additional $43 million of NOI, excluding the impact of lost property management fees.  

Lease cancellation fees decreased $7.0 million compared to 2015 largely due to a $4.8 million fee received from one tenant at 
RioCan Centre Victoria during the first quarter of 2015 and $3.7 million in fees from two tenants at Yonge Eglinton Centre in the 
third quarter of 2015. 

Q4 2016 

Same store NOI grew by 1.8% or $2.5 million compared to the same period in 2015 as explained by the following aggregate 
changes:

• 

$8.1 million of higher NOI comprising $4.2 million from new leasing (including re-leased space due to bankruptcies and 
lease cancellations), $1.4 million increased rent from renewals and rent steps, $1.3 million increase in percentage rent 
and a decrease of $1.2 million in Target co-tenancy claims; partially offset by

• 

$5.6 million of lower NOI resulting from vacancies (including the impact of previously agreed upon lease cancellations) 

39
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

The impact of Target co-tenancy losses on same store NOI was favourable this quarter due to the reduction in the number of 
tenants that are entitled to rent abatement provisions as compared to prior periods. 

Same property NOI increased 2.2% or $3.3 million this quarter primarily driven by the reasons cited above, as well as the 
completion of other development properties, including a portion of Target backfill at three locations.

NOI continues to benefit from higher property acquisition activity, net of disposals, primarily due to the acquisition of the increased 
ownership interests in thirty RioCan/Kimco as well as four CPPIB co-owned properties. In aggregate, acquisitions, net of 
disposition activity, generated an additional $11 million of NOI, excluding the impact of lost property management fees.  

Straight-line rent increased $3.3 million from the prior period primarily due to $2.2 million in adjustments recognized this quarter in 
connection with certain 2015 property acquisitions and $1.5 million due to the write-off of Target unamortized rents in the fourth 
quarter of 2015.

Other Income (Loss) 

The components of other income (loss) are as follows:

Continuing Operations

(thousands of dollars)

Interest income

Income from equity accounted investments

Fair value gains (losses) on investment properties, net

Investment and other income

Other income

2016

Three months ended December 31,

Year ended December 31,

2016

1,657 $

4,521

44,371

6,762

2015

1,457 $

4,510

1,183

97,261

2016

5,744 $

9,972

182,888

33,268

57,311 $

104,411 $

231,872 $

2015

5,370

10,378

(91,548)

98,426

22,626

$

$

Income from equity accounted investments mainly includes our share of the income from the RioCan-HBC joint venture. For 
further details on the 100% results of operations of the RioCan-HBC joint venture, refer to the section Co-ownerships 
Arrangements in this MD&A.

During the three months and year ended December 31, 2016, we recognized fair value gains that were $43 million and $274 
million higher than the comparative periods in 2015, respectively.  For both the quarter and year of 2016, we recorded fair value 
gains primarily driven by capitalization rate compression and higher stabilized net operating income on certain income producing 
properties, the revaluation of interests in previously co-owned properties and valuation adjustments on specific development 
properties.  For the year ended December 31, 2015, the Trust recorded fair value losses which mainly reflected valuation 
adjustments resulting from Target's exit from Canada and interior renovation costs at some of our enclosed malls.

Included in investment and other income for the three months and year ended December 31, 2016 is a $3.7 million and $14 
million transaction gain on the sale of marketable securities and investment income of $3.1 million and $13 million, respectively.  
Also in 2016, RioCan realized a $6.1 million transaction gain on the sale of one investment property.  During 2015, other income 
included $88 million of aggregate net cash proceeds relating to the Target settlement and $13 million of investment income, partly 
offset by a transaction loss of $2.6 million.

For the fourth quarter 2016 and 2015 consolidated statements of income refer to Quarterly Results and Trend Analysis section of 
this MD&A.

Discontinued Operations

(thousands of dollars)

Loss from an equity accounted investment

Other income

Fair value gains (losses) on investment property, net

Other income (loss)

2016

Three months ended December 31,

Year ended December 31,

$

$

2016

— $

—

—

2015

— $

—

(174,782)

2016

— $

66,404

16,899

— $

(174,782) $

83,303 $

2015

(4,145)

7,529

(147,060)

(143,676)

The loss from an equity accounted investment of $4.1 million related to a U.S. joint venture which was sold in July 2015. 

Included in other income for the year ended December 31, 2016 is a $255 million realized foreign currency exchange gain 
reclassified from other comprehensive income, partly offset by a $190 million portfolio discount in connection with the U.S. asset 
sale. 

The fair value losses of $175 million and $147 million for the three months and year ended December 31, 2015, respectively, are 
mostly attributable to an increase in capitalization rates of our Northeast U.S. portfolio in 2015, as well as other property specific 
adjustments.

40
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Other Expenses  

Interest costs 

Continuing Operations

The components of interest costs are as follows:

(thousands of dollars)

Total interest

Interest costs capitalized to investment property

Net interest

Percentage capitalized to investment properties

Three months ended December 31,

Year ended December 31,

$

$

2016

49,787

(6,323)

43,464

12.7%

$

$

2015

55,285

(7,432)

47,853

13.4%

$

$

2016

206,989

(27,462)

179,527

$

$

13.3%

2015

214,203

(27,431)

186,772

12.8%

Net interest costs from continuing operations decreased $4.4 million and $7.2 million for the three months and year ended 
December 31, 2016, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2015.  Interest costs have decreased over both periods mainly 
due to interest savings on the refinancing of fixed rate mortgages, interest savings resulting from our cross currency swap program 
and the reduction of overall leverage using net proceeds from the U.S. property portfolio sale.  As at December 31, 2016, the 
weighted average contractual interest rate of our total debt is 3.54% (December 31, 2015 - 3.65%). 

Interest capitalized to investment properties for the year ended December 31, 2016 remained flat compared to 2015, primarily due 
to higher redevelopment activity associated with the former Target properties being offset by lower portfolio weighted average 
interest rates.

Interest is capitalized to properties under development at weighted average effective interest rates of 3.66% and 3.94% for the 
three months and year ended December 31, 2016, respectively (December 31, 2015 – 4.14% and 4.23%, respectively). 

For the fourth quarter 2016 and 2015 consolidated statements of income refer to Quarterly Results and Trend Analysis section of 
this MD&A.

Discontinued Operations

Interest costs relating to discontinued operations decreased $13 million and $30 million for the three months and year ended 
December 31, 2016, respectively, compared to the same periods in 2015 due to the repayment of all of our U.S. mortgages in 
connection with our U.S. property portfolio sale in the second quarter of 2016. 

General and Administrative

Continuing Operations

The components of general and administrative expenses are as follows:

Three months ended December 31,

Year ended December 31, 

(thousands of dollars)

2016

2015

2016

Non-recoverable salaries and benefits

$

9,915

$

9,131

$

41,169

$

Capitalized to investment properties (i)

Leasing costs

Non-recoverable salaries and benefits, net

Unit-based compensation expense

Depreciation and amortization

Other general and administrative (ii)

(1,666)

(2,538)

5,711

2,286

1,078

4,925

(1,641)

(2,064)

5,426

1,615

1,073

6,740

(7,883)

(9,718)

23,568

6,745

4,386

17,521

Total general and administrative expense

$

14,000

$

14,854

$

52,220

$

2015

36,555

(6,942)

(8,407)

21,206

4,741

4,434

20,670

51,051

Total general and administrative expense as a
percentage of rental revenue

4.9%

5.6%

4.7%

4.9%

(i)     Amounts capitalized to investment properties are comprised of salaries and benefits related to development and landlord work. 
(ii)    Other general and administrative primarily includes information technology costs, public company costs, travel, marketing, legal and professional fees.

2016

For the year ended December 31, 2016, general and administrative expenses increased $1.2 million or 2.3% primarily due to the 
following: an increase of $2.4 million in net non-recoverable salaries and benefits, $2.0 million in higher unit-based compensation, 
partially offset by a $3.1 million decrease in other general and administrative expenses.  

Net non-recoverable salaries and benefits was higher compared to 2015 primarily due to certain employee termination costs as 
well as general merit-based salary increases.

The increase in unit-based compensation expense compared to 2015 was mainly due to certain historical performance unit 
awards subject to accelerated vesting in connection with our CEO's three-year employment commitment agreement entered into 
during February 2016.  

41
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

The decrease in other general and administrative costs mainly relate to a favourable outcome on certain tax filings that were 
accrued in Q4 2015 and lower advertising and marketing costs during the year.

Q4 2016

For the three months ended December 31, 2016, general and administrative expenses decreased $0.9 million or 5.7% primarily 
due to changes in the following costs: $1.8 million decrease mainly due to a favourable outcome related to certain tax filings in the 
normal course, partly offset by $0.7 million in higher unit-based compensation expense.

The changes in unit-based compensation and other general and administrative expenses are mostly due to the same factors as 
described above for 2016.

For the fourth quarter 2016 and 2015 consolidated statements of income refer to Quarterly Results and Trend Analysis section of 
this MD&A.

Leasing Costs

Continuing Operations

Leasing costs are comprised of the payroll costs of our internal leasing department and related administration costs. For the three 
months and year ended December 31, 2016, leasing costs increased $0.3 million and $1.2 million compared to the prior 
comparative periods. The increase in leasing costs of our leasing and administrative operation is primarily due to employee 
termination costs incurred during the year, general merit-based salary increases and the timing of prior year variable 
compensation payments. 

For the fourth quarter 2016 and 2015 consolidated statements of income refer to Quarterly Results and Trend Analysis section of 
this MD&A.

Transaction and Other Costs  

Continuing Operations

Transaction and other costs related to Canadian operations decreased $2.6 million and $0.9 million for the three months and year 
ended December 31, 2016, respectively, due to the level of and timing of property acquisition and disposal activity in 2016 
compared to 2015. 

For the fourth quarter 2016 and 2015 consolidated statements of income refer to Quarterly Results and Trend Analysis section of 
this MD&A.

Discontinued Operations

Transaction and other costs related to our discontinued operations decreased by $1.0 million and increased by $50 million for the 
three months and year ended December 31, 2016, respectively. In connection with the closing of our U.S. property sale, RioCan 
incurred transaction costs such as investment banking fees, legal fees, franchise and land transfer taxes, employee retention 
amounts and other transaction costs. We do expect to incur some ongoing transaction-related professional fees and advisor costs 
in connection with the U.S. property sale, which will be presented in our results from discontinued operations. 

42
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Funds from Operations (FFO) and Operating Funds from Operations (OFFO) 

The following table presents a reconciliation of IFRS net income attributable to unitholders to FFO and OFFO on both a 
continuing and discontinued operations basis: 

(thousands of dollars, except per unit amounts)

2016

2015

2016

2015

Net income from continuing operations attributable to unitholders

$ 178,472 $ 199,796 $ 683,060 $ 416,892

Three months ended
December 31,

Year ended 
 December 31,

Add back/(Deduct):

Fair value (gains) losses, net

Non-controlling interest relating to fair value losses

Fair value (gains) losses included in equity accounted investments

Deferred income tax expense (recovery)

Internal leasing costs

Transaction (gains) losses on investment properties, net (i)

Transaction costs (i)

Preferred trust unit redemption (ii)

Preferred unit distributions

Foreign exchange loss

FFO from continuing operations

(44,371)

(1,183)

(182,888)

91,548

—

(1,476)

(3,000)

2,663

—

1,978

—

43

468

1,350

2,340

(4,608)

4,574

—

(1,757)

(3,397)

—

—

91

846

(3,850)

10,931

(6,075)

8,165

(4,304)

(8,667)

—

674

676

1,290

9,750

2,632

8,459

—

(13,590)

131

$ 132,509 $ 199,383 $ 497,309 $ 518,462

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations attributable to unitholders $

(14,013) $ (377,837) $ 147,687 $ (275,129)

Add back/(Deduct):

Fair value (gains) losses, net

Fair value losses included in equity accounted investments

Deferred income tax expense (recovery)

Internal leasing costs

Accrued property tax expense (recovery) under IFRIC 21

Foreign exchange gain related to realty taxes (iii)

Transaction gains on sale of U.S. investment properties, net (iii)

Transaction costs on sale of U.S. investment properties (iii)

Current taxes on U.S. income properties sold

FFO from discontinued operations

FFO

FFO from continuing operations

Add back/(Deduct):

Costs not capitalized on non-active developments (iv):

Property operating costs

Interest costs

Demolition costs (v)

(Gain) loss on sale of residential inventory

Target settlement proceeds, net

Long-term debt redemption costs

Preferred trust unit redemption (ii)

Other transaction gains, net (vi)

OFFO from continuing operations

FFO from discontinued operations

Deduct: Transaction (gains) losses, net (vii)

OFFO from discontinued operations

OFFO

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

2,511

11,167

174,782

(16,899)

147,060

—

—

4,694

230,474

(230,675)

230,474

185

(8,297)

(1,176)

706

25,145

—

—

(65,116)

3,464

53,562

—

136,160

2,022

—

(1,176)

(7,529)

3,486

—

$

(335) $

21,595 $

50,570 $ 103,902

$ 132,174 $ 220,978 $ 547,879 $ 622,364

$ 132,509 $ 199,383 $ 497,309 $ 518,462

479

1,459

—

1,197

—

—

—

354

1,833

487

(1,285)

(88,267)

—

—

1,603

5,800

891

(74)

—

—

4,304

1,175

6,811

2,164

(2,594)

(88,267)

9,929

—

(3,582)

(421)

(12,596)

(3,380)

$ 132,062 $ 112,084 $ 497,237 $ 444,300

$

$

(335) $

21,595 $

50,570 $ 103,902

—

8,478

(2,309)

8,478

(335) $

30,073 $

48,261 $ 112,380

$ 131,727 $ 142,157 $ 545,498 $ 556,680

(i)  Represents net transaction gains, losses and costs related to Canadian property acquisitions and dispositions during the period. 
(ii)  Represents the excess of par redemption value over the carrying value of our Series A preferred trust units redeemed on March 31, 2016.
(iii)  Net transaction gains associated with discontinued operations represents the realized gains on disposal of U.S. investment properties and related 

transaction costs.

(iv)  To calculate OFFO, the Trust adjusts for certain costs not capitalized for IFRS, primarily associated with non-active excess density projects 

43
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

identified for future potential development that, in management's view, forms part of the capital cost of these projects. 

(v)  Represents demolition costs associated with backfilling vacant units on income producing properties; in management's view, forms part of the 

capital cost of these properties.

(vi)  Current period amounts mainly represent realized transaction gains on the sale of marketable securities; comparative amounts primarily include 

our share of transaction gains and losses included in equity accounted investments that have been excluded in the calculation of OFFO.  Realized 
gains and losses on the sale of marketable securities are included in FFO and AFFO.

(vii)  Represents current tax expense related to the disposition of an equity accounted investment during 2015 included in net income from discontinued 

operations on the consolidated income statement and gains related to the extinguishment of a U.S. mortgage and the unwind of a corresponding 
interest rate swap. 

FFO and OFFO Summary

(thousands of dollars, except
per unit amounts)

Three months ended December 31,

2016

2015

Increase
(Decrease)

Year ended December 31,

2016

2015

Increase
(Decrease)

FFO

Continuing operations

Discontinued operations

FFO

FFO per unit - basic

FFO per unit - diluted

OFFO

Continuing operations

Discontinued operations

OFFO

OFFO per unit - basic

OFFO per unit - diluted

OFFO Highlights 

2016

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

132,509

(335)

132,174

0.40

0.40

132,062

(335)

131,727

0.40

0.40

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

199,383

(33.5%)

21,595

(101.6%)

220,978

0.69

0.69

(40.2%)

(41.0%)

(41.0%)

112,084

17.8%

30,073

(101.1%)

142,157

0.44

0.44

(7.3%)

(8.6%)

(8.6%)

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

497,309

50,570

547,879

1.68

1.68

497,237

48,261

545,498

1.68

1.68

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

518,462

103,902

622,364

1.95

1.94

(4.1%)

(51.3%)

(12.0%)

(13.6%)

(13.5%)

444,300

11.9%

112,380

(57.1%)

556,680

1.74

1.74

(2.0%)

(3.8%)

(3.7%)

OFFO for 2016 is $545 million compared to $557 million in 2015, representing a decrease of $11 million or approximately 2.0%. 
On a basic per unit basis, OFFO is $1.68 compared to $1.74, representing a decrease of approximately 3.8%. The decline in 
OFFO in the current quarter and for the full year is primarily related to the sale of our U.S. portfolio.

Continuing Operations

The $53 million increase in OFFO from continuing operations for the year was primarily due to higher NOI of $48 million (at 
RioCan’s proportionate share) mainly as a result of acquisition activity net of dispositions, $4.9 million in lower Series A preferred 
unit dividends and $5.8 million in lower interest costs (at RioCan's proportionate share), partly offset by lower property and asset 
management fees of $3.5 million and higher general and administrative expenses of $1.2 million.

Discontinued Operations

The $64 million decrease in OFFO from discontinued operations in 2016 was mainly driven by lower NOI of $98 million partly 
offset by $30 million of lower interest expense (both of which include the impact of foreign exchange) and $2.7 million in less 
general and administrative expenses, all of which are mainly due to operations ceasing in May 2016 after the sale of our U.S. 
property portfolio.

Q4 2016

OFFO for the fourth quarter of 2016 is $132 million compared to $142 million during the same period in 2015, representing a 
decrease of $11 million or approximately 7.3%. Excluding $30 million in OFFO from discontinued operations from this decrease, 
OFFO from continuing operations for the fourth quarter of 2016 is $132 million compared to $112 million in 2015, representing an 
increase of $20 million or 18%. On a basic per unit basis, OFFO is $0.40 compared to $0.44, representing a decrease of 
approximately 8.6%, primarily due to the sale of the U.S. portfolio.

OFFO from continuing operations increased $20 million in the fourth quarter, primarily due to higher NOI of $18 million (at 
RioCan’s proportionate share) as a result of acquisition activity, net of dispositions, and higher same property performance; $1.6 
million in lower Series A preferred unit dividends and $4.4 million in lower interest costs, partly offset by lower property and asset 
management fees of $1.4 million; and less investment income from marketable securities of $1.3 million.

44
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Adjusted Funds from Operations (AFFO)  

The following table is a reconciliation of FFO to AFFO prepared based on the results of our continuing and discontinued 
operations for all periods shown:

Three months ended December 31,

Year ended December 31,

(thousands of dollars, except per unit amounts)

2016

2015

2016

FFO (i)

Add back/(Deduct):

Costs not capitalized on non-active developments (ii):

Property operating costs

Interest costs

Demolition costs (iii)

Deduction of straight-line rents (iv)

Non-cash unit based compensation expense

Normalized capital expenditures:

Leasing commissions and tenant improvements (v)

Capital expenditures recoverable from tenants

Capital expenditures not recoverable from tenants

(Gain) loss on sale of residential inventory

Target settlement proceeds, net

Preferred trust unit redemption (vi)

Long-term debt redemption costs

Transaction (gains) losses, net (vii)

Other transaction (gains) losses, net (viii)

$

132,174 $

220,978 $

547,879 $

479

1,459

—

(4,187)

706

(6,250)

(3,750)

(2,500)

1,197

—

—

—

—

99

354

1,833

487

(1,285)

1,765

(6,250)

(3,750)

(2,500)

(1,285)

(88,267)

—

—

8,478

(1,932)

1,603

5,800

891

(9,995)

1,640

(25,000)

(15,000)

(10,000)

(74)

—

4,304

—

(2,309)

1,444

AFFO

$

119,427 $

128,626 $

501,183 $

2015

622,364

1,175

6,811

2,164

(9,328)

5,135

(25,000)

(15,000)

(10,000)

(2,594)

(88,267)

—

9,929

8,478

(4,891)

500,976

(i)  A reconciliation of IFRS net income from continuing and discontinued operations attributable to unitholders to FFO is presented under the Funds 

from Operations (FFO) and Operating Funds from Operations (OFFO) section of this MD&A.

(ii)  To calculate AFFO, the Trust adjusts for certain costs not capitalized for IFRS, primarily associated with non-active excess density projects 

identified for future potential development that, in management's view, forms part of the capital cost of these projects.

(iii)  Represents demolition costs associated with backfilling vacant units on income producing properties; in management's view, forms part of the 

capital cost of these properties.
Includes straight-line rents on RioCan's proportionate share basis from both continuing and discontinued operations.

(iv) 
(v)  Effective January 1, 2017, in computing AFFO, it is our intention to also deduct normalized internal leasing costs relating to leasing activities on 

our income-producing properties.

(vi)  Represents the excess of par redemption value over the carrying value of our Series A preferred trust units redeemed on March 31, 2016.
(vii)  Represents current tax expense related to the disposition of an equity accounted investment during 2015 included in net income from discontinued 

operations on the consolidated income statement and gains related to the extinguishment of a U.S. mortgage and the unwind of a corresponding 
interest rate swap.

(viii)  Represents our share of transaction gains and losses included in equity accounted investments and joint ventures that have been excluded in the 

calculation of OFFO. 

AFFO Summary

(thousands of dollars, except per
unit amounts)

AFFO

AFFO per unit - basic

AFFO per unit - diluted

Three months ended December 31,

2016

119,427

0.37

0.37

$

$

$

2015

128,626

0.40

0.40

$

$

$

AFFO Highlights

2016 

Increase
(Decrease)

Year ended December 31,

(7.2%)

(8.5%)

(8.4%)

$

$

$

2016

501,183

1.54

1.54

2015

500,976

1.57

1.57

$

$

$

Increase
(Decrease)

—%

(1.8%)

(1.7%)

AFFO for the year ended December 31, 2016 is $501 million and has remained flat compared to the same period in 2015. On a 
per unit basis (basic), AFFO is $1.54 compared to $1.57, representing a decrease of 1.8% due to higher units outstanding in 
2016.

AFFO for the year was impacted by the following; a $65 million reduction caused by the sale of our U.S. property portfolio in May 
2016, lower property and asset management fees of $3.5 million, and higher general and administrative expenses (excluding the 
impact of unit based compensation) of $4.7 million, offset by the following: higher NOI (excluding the impact of straight line rent) 
of $47 million at RioCan’s proportionate share as a result of acquisition activity (net of dispositions) and higher same property 
performance, $14 million in gains realized on the sale of marketable securities, $5.8 million in lower interest costs at RioCan's 
proportionate share and $4.9 million in lower Series A preferred unit distributions.

45
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Q4 2016

AFFO for the fourth quarter of 2016 is $119 million compared to $129 million during the same period in 2015, representing a 
decrease of $9.2 million or approximately 7.2%. On a basic per unit basis (basic), AFFO is $0.37 compared to $0.40, 
representing a decrease of 8.5%.

The decrease in AFFO was primarily due to a $30 million reduction caused by the sale of our U.S. property portfolio, lower 
property and asset management fees of $1.4 million and less investment income from marketable securities of $1.3 million. This 
was partly offset by higher NOI (excluding the impact of straight line rent) of $15 million at RioCan’s proportionate share as a 
result of acquisition activity (net of dispositions) and higher same property performance, $3.7 million in realized gains on the sale 
of marketable securities, $1.6 million in lower Series A preferred unit dividends and $4.4 million in lower interest costs.

Reconciliation of cash flows provided by operating activities to AFFO

The following table is a reconciliation of cash provided by operating activities to AFFO:

(thousands of dollars, except per unit amounts)

2016

2015

2016

2015

Three months ended
December 31,

Year ended 
 December 31,

Cash provided by operating activities from continuing and
discontinued operations

Adjustments for net changes in operating assets and liabilities

Share of net income in associates and joint ventures

Fair value (gains) losses included in equity accounted investments

Costs not capitalized on non-active developments:

Property operating costs

Interest costs

Demolition costs

Transaction costs

Depreciation and amortization - corporate assets

Preferred unit distributions

Normalized capital expenditures:

Leasing commissions and tenant improvements

Maintenance capital expenditures recoverable from tenants

Maintenance capital expenditures not recoverable from tenants

Non-controlling interests

Accrued property taxes under IFRIC 21

Foreign exchange gain related to realty taxes

Gain on sale of marketable securities

Internal leasing costs

Current taxes on U.S. income properties sale

Net (gain) loss on sale of residential inventory

Other transaction (gains) losses, net (i)

Target settlement proceeds, net

Long-term debt redemption costs

Foreign exchange loss

Other adjustments

AFFO

$

137,973 $

300,145 $

455,424 $

614,816

(80,245)

(156,069)

(12,676)

(30,998)

4,521

(1,476)

479

1,459

—

4,489

(1,078)

(1,757)

(6,250)

(3,750)

(2,500)

—

—

—

3,681

2,663

11,167

1,197

99

—

—

—

4,510

468

354

1,833

487

8,038

(1,114)

(3,397)

(6,250)

(3,750)

(2,500)

(43)

(8,297)

(1,176)

—

2,525

—

(1,285)

8,057

(88,267)

—

—

9,972

846

1,603

5,800

891

61,727

(4,398)

(8,667)

(25,000)

(15,000)

(10,000)

(91)

25,145

—

14,040

11,637

135,139

(74)

(885)

—

—

—

6,233

5,370

1,175

6,811

2,164

11,945

(4,655)

(13,590)

(25,000)

(15,000)

(10,000)

(674)

—

(1,176)

—

11,772

—

(2,594)

5,098

(88,267)

9,929

131

(836)

(492)

(1,467)

(857)

$

119,427 $

128,626 $

501,183 $

500,976

(i) 

Includes gains and losses related to certain equity accounted investments, WhiteCastle Fund transactions, extinguishment of a U.S. mortgage and 
the unwind of a corresponding interest rate swap.

46
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

OPERATIONS 
RioCan has remained focused on its core portfolio and continues to execute its growth strategy through acquisitions and 
developments, along with organic growth. In addition, RioCan is selectively paring its portfolio in order to increase its focus on the 
six Canadian major markets.

The following is our percentage of portfolio net rental revenue derived from the six Canadian major markets:

2016

2015

Q4

Q3

Q2

Q1

Q4

Q3

Q2

Q1

Percentage of rental revenue (i)

75.5 %

75.6 %

75.7 %

75.0 %

74.8 %

74.4 %

74.4 %

73.6 %

(i)  The six Canadian major markets include the following: Calgary, AB; Edmonton, AB; Montreal, QC; Ottawa, ON (includes Gatineau region); Toronto,  

ON; and Vancouver, BC.

The slight 0.1% decline in percentage of portfolio net rental revenue for the six Canadian major markets from Q3 2016 to Q4 
2016 is due to timing of tenant vacancies in major markets at each reporting period end as the percentage is calculated on an 
annualized basis.   

Net Leasable Area

(thousands of square feet, except
where otherwise noted)

NLA at 100% (i)

Income properties

Properties under development (ii)

NLA at RioCan's interest

Income properties

Properties under development (ii)

Q4

57,085

6,440

63,525

43,212

3,761

46,973

2016

Q3

Q2

Q1

Q4

2015

Q3

Q2

Q1

57,248

5,862

63,110

43,299

3,283

46,582

57,416

5,851

63,267

41,987

3,240

45,227

57,648

6,755

64,403

42,019

3,715

45,734

57,898

6,985

64,883

42,124

3,939

46,063

58,092

7,085

65,177

39,282

3,968

43,250

58,412

7,095

65,507

39,926

3,975

43,901

58,292

6,972

65,264

39,845

3,840

43,685

(i) 
(ii) 

Includes non-owned anchors.
Includes active and non-active projects in greenfield and urban intensification developments located in Canada.

Investment Properties NLA

As at December 31, 2016, NLA at RioCan's interest was 43,212,000 square feet compared to 42,124,000 square feet as at 
December 31, 2015. The increase of 1,088,000 square feet of NLA was due to higher acquisitions, net of dispositions and NLA 
from completed developments, partially offset by NLA transferred to properties under development during the year.

Acquisitions and Dispositions

During the year ended December 31, 2016, RioCan acquired approximately 1,809,000 additional square feet and disposed of 
approximately 711,000 square feet in connection with certain investment properties located in Canada. 

NLA Transfers

During the year ended December 31, 2016, NLA increased by 733,000 square feet due to completed development projects which 
was offset by an NLA decrease of 743,000 square feet due to certain planned property redevelopments. Refer to Development 
Activity in 2016 section in this MD&A for further discussion.

Occupancy and Leasing 
The following table shows the current difference between our committed occupancy (tenants that have signed leases) and 
economic occupancy (tenants that have commenced paying rent).  The gap between committed occupancy and economic 
occupancy is wider in Q4 2016 than the historical average.  This is mainly due to a large square footage of committed occupancy 
as of December 31, 2016 relating to Target backfill, a significant portion of which is expected to be in place by the end of 2017.  
Please refer to the Target Leasing Update section of this MD&A for further details.

The historical portfolio committed and economic occupancy rates for our Canadian property operations are as follows:

(in percentages)

Committed

Economic

Committed Occupancy

2016

Q3

95.3

92.5

Q4

95.6

92.6

Q2

95.1

92.3

Q1

94.8

91.9

Q4

94.0

92.2

2015

Q3

93.2

91.6

Q2

93.1

91.9

Q1

96.7

95.3

RioCan’s overall portfolio committed occupancy rate is calculated as leased NLA divided by total portfolio NLA. During the 
quarter, the committed occupancy rate increased 0.3% to 95.6% compared to September 30, 2016. Refer to New Leasing Activity 
section in this MD&A for further details.

47
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Economic Occupancy

RioCan's economic occupancy rate of 92.6% represents the occupied NLA for which tenants are paying cash rents and is 
calculated as leased NLA (excluding 1,270,000 square feet of leased NLA that is not yet generating cash rents) divided by total 
portfolio NLA.  We expect economic occupancy to increase during the next 12 months of operations as the former Target space 
backfill leases commence paying rent.
As of the end of this quarter, we expect to generate approximately $22.4 million of annualized cash rental payments once all 
tenants that have signed leases commence paying rent. This includes base rent and operating cost recoveries, but excludes 
operating costs capitalized while a property is under redevelopment as part of the Target backfill process. 
The estimated $22.4 million of annualized cash rental payments commencing include approximately $4.7 million annualized 
straight-lined rents that we began recognizing revenue on in our reported 2016 operating results on a pro-rated basis reflecting 
the tenant possession dates. The net incremental annualized gross IFRS rental revenue impact of the committed occupancy as 
of December 31, 2016 is estimated at $17.7 million, which includes the incremental rental revenue impact of Target backfill as 
discussed under Target Leasing Update.

A rent commencement timeline for the NLA on our properties that have been leased but are not currently open as at 
December 31, 2016 is as follows: 

(in thousands, except percentage amounts)

Annualized

Total

Q1 
2017

Q2 
2017

Q3 
2017

Q4 
2017

Q1 
2018+

Square feet:

NLA commencing

Cumulative NLA commencing

% of NLA commencing

Cumulative % total

Average net cash rent:

Monthly cash rent commencing (i)

Cumulative monthly cash rent commencing

% of cash rent for NLA commencing

Cumulative % total cash rent commencing

Average net IFRS rent:

1,270

1,270

$

$

22,368 $ 1,864 $

22,368 $ 1,864 $

315

315

24.8%

24.8%

522

522

28.0%

28.0%

Monthly incremental IFRS rent commencing (ii) $

17,700 $ 1,475 $

208

289

604

22.8%

47.6%

476

998

25.5%

53.5%

242

846

19.1%

66.7%

186

1,032

14.6%

81.3%

$

386

$

190

$ 1,384

$ 1,574

20.7%

74.2%

10.2%

84.4%

$

$

$

$

238

1,270

18.7%

100.0%

290

1,864

15.6%

100.0%

290

1,475

19.6%

100.0%

$

$

$

$

Cumulative monthly incremental IFRS rent

commencing

% of IFRS rent for NLA commencing

Cumulative % total IFRS rent commencing

$

17,700 $ 1,475 $

208

408

616

$

$

379

$

190

995

$ 1,185

25.7%

67.5%

12.9%

80.4%

14.1%

14.1%

27.7%

41.8%

(i)     Monthly cash rent commencing includes base rent and operating cost recoveries, but excludes operating costs capitalized while a property is 

under redevelopment as part of the Target backfill process. It includes straight-line rents that have been recognized as rental revenues based on 
tenant possession dates, which are typically earlier than the dates when the tenants start paying cash rents.

(ii)     Based on monthly cash rent, net of straight-line rent revenue.

During 2016, management undertook a review of its financial and non-financial performance measures, including occupancy 
metrics.  As a result of this review and to achieve better alignment with how management assesses portfolio occupancy, we will 
be transitioning toward a new measure called "in-place occupancy", effective January 1, 2017.  In-place occupancy is similar to 
economic occupancy; however, it also includes tenants that are in possession of their space and have straight-line rents included 
in revenue under IFRS.  This will provide greater alignment between our occupancy metric and IFRS revenue recognition. 

Small Shop Occupancy 

As at December 31, 2016, RioCan’s small shop committed occupancy rate was 93.0%. RioCan defines small shops as 
commercial tenants with less than 10,000 square feet of NLA. The following is a breakdown of the Canadian portfolio committed 
occupancy:

(in percentages)

Small Shop (<10,000 sqft)

Total

Q4

96.9

93.0

95.6

2016

Q3

96.7

92.6

95.3

Q2

96.4

92.6

95.1

Q1

96.1

92.1

94.8

Q4

95.0

92.0

94.0

2015

Q3

94.0

91.9

93.2

Q2

93.7

91.9

93.1

Q1

99.1

92.0

96.7

Committed occupancy for both major tenants and small shop tenants as of December 31, 2016 have improved over the 
comparable periods, reflecting the growth in our leasing activities, particularly with respect to our Target backfill progress.

48
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Average In-Place Rent

The historical portfolio average in-place net rent for our Canadian properties is as follows:

Q4

2016

Q3

Q2

Q1

Q4

2015

Q3

Q2

Q1

Average net rent per square foot (i)

$ 17.59

$ 17.44

$ 17.28

$ 17.23

$ 17.11

$ 17.08

$ 17.02

$ 16.63

(i)     Net rent is primarily contractual base rent pursuant to tenant leases.

Average in-place net rent slightly increased during the quarter primarily due to higher contractual rent steps and rent renewals on 
certain tenant leases.

New Leasing Activity  

RioCan’s new leasing activity is as follows:

(in thousands, except per
sqft amounts)

NLA at 100%

Full
Year

2,048

Q4

440

Q3

439

Q2

581

Q1

588

Full
Year

2,319

Q4

532

Q3

693

Q2

481

Q1

613

Average net rent per square foot (i)

$19.22

$20.01

$19.19

$21.86

$16.05

$18.99

$18.91

$16.23

$23.31

$18.81

2016

2015

(i)  Net rent is primarily contractual base rent pursuant to tenant leases.

Renewal Leasing 

A summary of our 2016 and 2015 renewal leasing activity for the Canadian property portfolios is as follows:  

2016

2015

(in thousands, except per sqft
amounts)

Square feet renewed

Full 
Year 

4,255

Q4

1,309

Q3

857

Q2

1,120

Q1

969

Full 
Year 

Q4

Q3

Q2

Q1

4,607

1,001

1,300

1,117

1,189

Average net rent per square foot $ 19.14

$ 18.69

$ 19.76

$ 20.06

$ 18.12

$ 18.37

$ 18.19

$ 17.75

$ 18.07

$ 19.47

Increase in average net rent per

square foot (i)

Percentage increase in average

net rent per square foot

$ 1.08

$ 1.39

$ 1.22

$ 0.64

$ 1.05

$ 1.37

$ 0.71

$ 1.41

$ 1.57

$ 1.69

6.0%

8.1%

6.6%

3.3%

6.2%

8.1%

4.0%

8.6%

9.5%

9.5%

Retention rate

85.8% 84.0% 83.1% 91.6% 84.4% 85.7% 81.4% 89.8% 87.7% 83.5%

(i)     Net rent is primarily contractual base rent pursuant to tenant leases.

Including anchor tenants, the components of renewal activity are as follows:

(in thousands, except per sqft
amounts)

Full 
Year 

Renewals at market rental rates:

2016

2015

Q4

Q3

Q2

Q1

Full 
Year 

Q4

Q3

Q2

Q1

Square feet renewed

2,659

760

591

813

494

2,959

806

662

704

787

Average net rent per square
foot (i)

Renewals at fixed rental rates:

$ 22.61

$ 23.08

$ 21.33

$ 22.43 $ 23.71

$ 20.82

$ 19.77

$ 20.62 $ 20.48

$ 22.37

Square feet renewed

1,596

549

265

307

475

1,648

195

638

413

402

Average net rent per square
foot

$ 13.35

$ 12.61

$ 16.25

$ 13.78 $ 12.31

$ 13.97

$ 11.67

$ 14.78 $ 13.97

$ 13.79

(i)     Net rent is primarily contractual base rent pursuant to tenant leases.

Tenant Vacancies  

We strive to diversify our tenant base by location, property type and anchor type and by minimizing the degree of reliance on any 
single tenant. In the regular course of business, we will, however, encounter tenants that are subject to restructuring, insolvency 
or bankruptcy activities. In most cases, rental revenue continues to be paid by, or on behalf of, RioCan's tenants.  We actively 
monitor such situations, and in those cases where vacancies occur, RioCan endeavours to replace tenants as quickly as possible 
at economically similar or better lease terms. In certain instances, such vacancies will give rise to rights in favour of other tenants 
in the property that is the subject of the vacancy. This is commonly referred to as a co-tenancy right and entitles co-tenants to 
certain rent reductions or lease terminations. For further details on the impact on the Target co-tenancy losses, refer to the Net 
Operating Income - Canadian Portfolio section in this MD&A.

49
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

RioCan’s vacancy activity for the most recent eight quarters is as follows:

(in thousands, except
per sqft amounts)

Full
Year

Total vacancies (i)

100%

RioCan's interest

Vacated space re-leased

100%

RioCan's interest

(i)  Excluding lease buyouts.

1,652

1,376

762

691

2016

2015

Q4

Q3

Q2

Q1

477

399

143

138

377

309

163

139

353

314

208

195

445

354

248

219

Full 
Year

3,621

2,880

1,400

1,135

Q4

Q3

Q2

Q1

476

343

116

91

493

363

234

189

2,195

1,792

835

656

457

382

215

199

During the year ended December 31, 2016, RioCan experienced vacancies of approximately 1,652,000 square feet, of which 
RioCan’s interest was 1,376,000 square feet. The average gross rent on RioCan’s ownership interest was $30.31 per square 
foot. Approximately 762,000 square feet of space vacated in 2016 has been leased to new tenants, of which RioCan’s interest 
was 691,000 square feet, at an average gross rent of $27.96 per square foot. 

Target Leasing Update

A summary of our leasing progress-to-date is as follows:

Former Target Canada space

Disposition of County Fair Mall

Acquisition of Mega Centre Notre Dame

Acquisition of Gates of Fergus

Acquisition of Charlottetown Mall

Revised Former Target space

Backfill progress:

Leased space where tenants are open and paying rent

Leased space where tenants have taken possession

Committed space

Conditional agreements

Advanced discussions

Total backfill progress

Space currently being marketed (ii)

Total NLA upon completion of redevelopment

Potential GLA converted for landlord uses (common area, loading docks, etc.) (ii)

Space for demolition/potential redevelopment

Total (iii)

Square feet
at 100%

Square feet at
RioCan's
Interest

Average
annual base
rental revenue
at RioCan's
interest (i)

2,091,480

1,662,977

$10.9

(92,989)

(92,989)

—

—

—

58,042

47,989

53,903

(0.3)

0.5

0.3

0.2

1,998,491

1,729,922

$11.6

164,696

226,754

806,721

35,500

177,206

164,696

191,754

681,354

30,250

149,453

1,410,877

1,217,507

113,606

96,529

1,524,483

1,314,036

397,814

102,444

339,724

102,444

2,024,741

1,756,204

2.5

1.7

8.4

0.6

1.0

$14.2

n.a.

$14.2

n.a.

n.a.

“n.a.” – not applicable. 
(i)   Amounts in millions of Canadian dollars. 
(ii)  Represents square footage based on current redevelopment plans and is subject to change based on tenant demand. Space currently being 

marketed includes NLA at Flamborough Power Centre, which was grouped with Greenfield developments in Q4 2015.
(iii)  Expansion space at RioCan Niagara Falls results in an additional 26,000 square feet of net leasable area at this property.

We continue to be proactive in holding discussions with potential retailers to backfill the vacant premises. Over the long run, we 
believe that the re-tenanting of the larger Target boxes will result in a more diversified revenue stream and a better draw for 
consumers.

To date, leases included in our backfill progress above will, if all are completed, produce net rental revenue of approximately 
$14.2 million versus $11.6 million of the total base rental revenue lost through Target’s departure (at RioCan's proportionate 
share).    

The expected total cost of the redevelopment work pertaining to the deals currently included in our backfill progress is estimated 
to be approximately $162 million (approximately $137 million at RioCan’s proportionate share, which is being funded, in part, by 
our approximate $88 million in net settlement proceeds received from Target last year).  The overall redevelopment costs will 
evolve as additional tenants are secured, development plans are completed and construction costs finalized.  Consistent with 

50
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

properties under development, interest costs are capitalized during the Target backfill process prior to tenants taking possession 
of a space using the same weighted average interest of 3.66% and 3.94% for the three months and year ended December 31, 
2016, respectively (December 2015 - 4.14% and 4.23%, respectively).  Once the tenants take possession, these interest costs 
will be expensed.

As of December 31, 2016, 681,000 square feet at RioCan’s interests have been committed in addition to the leased space where 
tenants have been open or have taken possession.  The majority of the tenants under these committed leases will take 
possession in the second half of 2017. 

Included in our backfill progress-to-date are deals where we are in advanced stages of negotiation for leases totalling 
approximately 149,000 square feet at RioCan's interest that are expected to be finalized in 2017. These leases are expected to 
generate $1.0 million of base rental revenue per year on a full year basis, at RioCan's proportionate share. 

There is also 97,000 square feet at RioCan's interest that is currently being marketed, but is not presently the subject of active 
lease negotiations where redevelopment plans are being prepared. 

The area that will be converted for landlord purposes including common area, loading docks and other uses represents 340,000 
square feet at RioCan's interest, which is subject to change based on tenant demand. The remaining 102,000 square feet at 
RioCan’s interest represents space for potential redevelopment where plans have not yet been finalized. 

The lease agreements are in various stages of negotiations and there can be no assurance as to how many of the lease 
agreements will be completed or their timelines. 

Other Store Closures

During 2016, we received notice from Golf Town that Golf Town's U.S. parent filed for bankruptcy protection in the U.S. and they 
disclaimed leases at three of our store locations.  At the time of the tenant's filing we had 12 Golf Town stores under lease 
(including the aforementioned three disclaimed leases) representing approximately 195,000 square feet of total NLA with an 
average remaining lease term of 4 years (at RioCan’s proportionate share).  We have reached an agreement for 9 of the 12 
locations for Golf Town to remain as a tenant and one of the three vacated locations has been re-leased to another tenant.

Danier Leather also announced that it had made an assignment in bankruptcy pursuant to the Bankruptcy and Insolvency Act 
(Canada) in March of 2016. RioCan had eight locations under lease representing approximately 27,000 square feet of total NLA, 
at RioCan's interest, with an average remaining lease term of 3.63 years. We have re-leased seven of the eight vacated 
locations.

We did experience a few other fashion tenant closures, the largest of which was Jones New York, where we had a total of five 
locations under lease representing only 15,500 square feet of total NLA at RioCan's interest.  Two of these locations have been 
re-leased. 

The store closings as discussed in this section are not expected to have a material effect on our investment property fair value 
given that most of these vacancies have been re-leased and management is confident of re-leasing the remaining space. 

In January 2017, Grafton Fraser, the company that owns Tip Top Tailors, was granted court protection under the Companies 
Creditors Arrangement Act (CCAA).  Currently, RioCan has 20 locations under lease representing approximately 92,000 square 
feet of total NLA with an average remaining lease term of 3.3 years.  The impact on RioCan's locations has yet to be determined.

Lease Expiries 

Lease expiries for our Canadian portfolio for the next five years are as follows: 

(in thousands, except per sqft and percentage 
amounts)

Square feet

Square feet expiring/Portfolio NLA

Portfolio 
NLA (i)

43,212

2017

3,051

7.1%

2018

4,711

10.9%

2019

5,322

12.3%

2020

4,847

11.2%

Average net rent per occupied square foot

$

19.77

$

18.67

$

18.84

$

17.73

$

2021

5,269

12.2%

17.92

Lease expiries for the years ending

(i)  Represents RioCan’s proportionate ownership share.

51
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

The components of our remaining lease expiries for 2017 are as follows: 

(in thousands, except per sqft amounts)

2017 expiries at market rental rates:

Square feet expiring

Average net rent per sqft

2017 expiries with fixed rental rate options:

Square feet expiring

Average in-place net rent per sqft

Average renewal net rent per sqft

Increase in average net rent per sqft

Total:

Square feet expiring

Average net rent per sqft

Total

2,068

21.90

983

15.30

16.19

0.89

3,051

19.77

$

$

$

$

$

Canadian Contractual Rent Increases 

Certain of our leases allow for periodic increases in rates during the lease term which contributes to growth in same store NOI.  
Contractual rent increases (including rent increases at the time of renewal) in each year for the next five years for our Canadian 
properties are as follows: 

(in thousands)

For the years ending

Contractual rent increases

Property Ownership by Geographic Area 

2017

2018

2019

2020

$

7,855 $

6,527 $

6,188 $

4,356 $

2021

3,993

(in thousands of sqft)

As at December 31, 2016

Ontario

Alberta

Quebec

British Columbia

Eastern Canada

Manitoba/Saskatchewan

Income producing properties

Properties under development

Canadian investment properties

Six Canadian Major Markets 

(in thousands of sqft)

As at December 31, 2016

Calgary

Edmonton

Montreal

Ottawa (i)

GTA (ii)

Vancouver (iii)

Income producing properties

Properties under development

Total

NLA at
RioCan's
Interest
27,379

5,678

5,025

3,556

1,045

529

43,212

3,761

46,973

NLA at
Partners'
Interest
3,440

1,197

Retailer
Owned
Anchors
5,043

1,966

273

—

198

201

5,309

2,362

7,671

864

378

220

93

8,564

317

8,881

Total Site
NLA

35,862

Percentage of
annualized gross
rental revenue
66.1%

Committed
occupancy
percentage
95.4%

8,841

6,162

3,934

1,463

823

57,085

6,440

63,525

14.3%

8.5%

8.2%

1.9%

1.0%

100.0%

—%

100.0%

98.0%

93.4%

96.8%

91.9%

96.1%

95.6%

—%

95.6%

NLA at
RioCan's
Interest
3,158

NLA at
Partners'
Interest
452

Retailer
Owned
Anchors
1,108

1,773

3,147

4,774

14,831

1,948

29,631

3,761

33,392

745

238

387

2,177

—

3,999

2,362

6,361

758

172

1,315

2,293

325

5,971

317

6,288

Total Site
NLA

4,718

3,276

3,557

6,476

19,301

2,273

39,601

6,440

46,041

(i)  Area extends from Nepean and Vanier to Gatineau, Quebec. 
(ii)  Area extends north to Barrie, Ontario; west to Burlington, Ontario; and east to Oshawa, Ontario. 
(iii)  Area extends east to Abbotsford, British Columbia.
As at December 31, 2016, the percentage of gross revenue derived from the six major markets increased to 75.5% compared to 
74.8% at December 31, 2015. The increase during 2016 is in line with management's strategy to acquire and develop properties 
located in our six major markets and dispose of non-core lower growth assets. 
As at December 31, 2016, the committed occupancy for our six major markets is 96.5% compared to 95.1% at December 31, 
2015. 

52
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Top 50 Tenants 

We strive to reduce our exposure to rental revenue risk in the shopping centre portfolio through geographical diversification, 
staggered lease maturities, investment in residential developments, diversification of revenue sources resulting from a large tenant 
base, avoiding dependence on any single tenant by ensuring no individual tenant contributes a significant percentage of our gross 
revenue and ensuring a considerable portion of rental revenue is earned from national and anchor tenants.

At December 31, 2016, RioCan’s 50 largest tenants measured by annualized gross rental revenue have the following profile:

Rank

Tenant name

Annualized
rental
revenue

Number 
of 
locations

NLA
(in thousands of
sqft)

Percentage
of total NLA

Weighted average
remaining lease 
term (years) (i)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

11

12

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

Loblaws/Shoppers Drug Mart (ii)

Canadian Tire Corporation (iii)

Walmart

Cineplex/Galaxy Cinemas

Winners/HomeSense/Marshalls

Metro/Super C/Loeb/Food Basics

Cara/Prime Restaurants/St-Hubert

Lowe's

Sobeys/Safeway

Dollarama

Staples/Business Depot

Bank Of Montreal

Reitmans/Penningtons/Smart Set/Addition Elle/Thyme Maternity

PetSmart

GoodLife Fitness

TD Bank

Michaels

Best Buy

Chapters/Indigo 

Leon's/The Brick

Hudson's Bay Company

Bluenotes/Stitches/Suzy Shier/Urban Planet/West 49 (YM Inc.)

LA Fitness

Liquor Control Board of Ontario (LCBO)

Rexall Pharma Plus

The Bank of Nova Scotia

Sears

DSW/Town Shoes/The Shoe Company

Ardene

Tim Hortons/Burger King

Value Village

CIBC

Old Navy/The Gap/Banana Republic

London Drugs

Bed Bath & Beyond

Genuine Canadian Corp.

Bell/The Source

Sleep Country Canada

Jysk Linen

Overwaitea Foods

Subway

MTY Food Group

La Vie En Rose

Golf Town

Benix & Co Inc

Royal Bank of Canada

Moores

Brewers Retail

Bouclair

Pier 1 Imports

4.8%

4.7%

4.2%

3.9%

3.7%

3.4%

1.9%

1.8%

1.6%

1.5%

1.4%

1.2%

1.2%

1.2%

1.1%

1.1%

1.0%

0.9%

0.8%

0.8%

0.7%

0.6%

0.6%

0.6%

0.6%

0.6%

0.6%

0.5%

0.5%

0.5%

0.5%

0.5%

0.5%

0.5%

0.5%

0.4%

0.4%

0.4%

0.4%

0.4%

0.4%

0.4%

0.4%

0.4%

0.4%

0.4%

0.3%

0.3%

0.3%

0.3%

82

90

29

27

71

50

107

13

27

80

30

50

80

30

27

54

22

15

23

14

9

51

9

21

16

30

9

31

40

56

14

27

21

8

11

33

73

26

11

5

80

75

24

9

23

19

18

21

15

13

2,125

2,481

3,607

1,443

1,929

2,058

522

1,517

928

727

708

386

398

471

549

266

426

332

289

373

472

329

309

189

144

144

381

198

188

154

289

123

189

224

228

141

105

121

226

200

90

74

115

155

120

87

108

117

125

118

4.9%

5.7%

8.3%

3.3%

4.5%

4.8%

1.2%

3.5%

2.1%

1.7%

1.6%

0.9%

0.9%

1.1%

1.3%

0.6%

1.0%

0.8%

0.7%

0.9%

1.1%

0.8%

0.7%

0.4%

0.3%

0.3%

0.9%

0.5%

0.4%

0.4%

0.7%

0.3%

0.4%

0.5%

0.5%

0.3%

0.2%

0.3%

0.5%

0.5%

0.2%

0.2%

0.3%

0.4%

0.3%

0.2%

0.3%

0.3%

0.3%

0.3%

(i)  Weighted average remaining lease term based on annualized gross rental revenue.

(ii) 

Loblaws/Shoppers Drug Mart includes No Frills, Fortinos, Zehrs Markets, Joe Fresh and Maxi.

(iii)  Canadian Tire Corporation includes Canadian Tire, PartSource, Mark’s, Sport Chek, Sports Experts, National Sports and Atmosphere.  

56.1%

1,719

26,998

62.6%

53
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

7.8

7.4

10.1

8.1

7.5

6.6

5.8

11.5

9.3

5.9

4.9

7.8

4.5

5.9

9.9

6.4

6.5

3.7

2.3

5.5

11.4

4.4

10.7

9.3

9.5

4.2

4.1

5.1

5.8

6.6

4.1

4.2

4.0

10.1

8.2

7.3

5.0

5.3

9.0

9.1

5.2

6.1

7.2

4.1

7.6

4.5

4.4

3.7

4.2

4.0

7.2

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

ASSET PROFILE 

Investment Property
Refer to note 5 of the 2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2016 for the change in 
consolidated IFRS carrying values of our income properties.

Fair Valuation of Canadian Investment Properties 

The net fair value increase for the Trust's investment properties for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $183 million.  During 
the year ended December 31, 2016, the weighted average capitalization rate of the Trust's investment portfolio decreased from 
5.72% at December 31, 2015 to 5.64% due, in part, to capitalization rate compression for certain core properties located in 
primary markets. In addition, the fair value of our investment properties increased due to the revaluation of interests acquired in 
previously co-owned properties and the result of a positive valuation adjustments on specific development properties during the 
period. 

Valuation processes  

Internal valuations

RioCan measures the vast majority of its investment properties, including co-owned properties, using valuations prepared by its 
internal valuation team. This team consists of individuals who are knowledgeable and have specialized industry experience in 
real estate valuations and report directly to a senior member of the Trust's management. The internal valuation team's processes 
and results are reviewed and approved by the Valuations Committee on a quarterly basis. 

The Trust's Valuations Committee is responsible for approving any fair value changes to the investment properties and consists of 
senior management of the Trust including the President & Chief Operating Officer, Chief Financial Officer, and other executive 
members.

External valuations

Depending on the property asset type and location, management may opt to obtain independent third party valuations from firms 
that employ experienced valuation professionals having the required qualifications in property appraisals for purposes of adopting 
such appraised values in the case of land parcels or assessing the reasonableness of its internal investment property valuations.  
During the year, the Trust obtained a total of 22 external property appraisals (including 13 vacant land parcels), which supported 
an IFRS fair value of approximately $1.1 billion or 8% of the Trust's investment property portfolio as at December 31, 2016.

On a go-forward basis, the Trust intends to select approximately six investment properties for external appraisal on a quarterly 
basis. 

Capitalization Rates

The capitalization rate is based on the location and quality of the properties and takes into account market data at the valuation 
date. The table below provides details of the average capitalization rate (weighted on stabilized NOI) by market category: 

As at

Primary markets (i)

Secondary markets

Total average portfolio capitalization rate

Weighted average capitalization rate

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

5.36%

6.33%

5.64%

5.47%

6.32%

5.72%

(i) 

Includes properties located in the six major Canadian markets of Calgary, Edmonton, Montreal, Ottawa, Vancouver and the Greater Toronto Area.

54
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Income Property Acquisitions During 2016 

We did not acquire any income properties during the fourth quarter of 2016; however, during the year ended December 31, 2016, 
we completed acquisitions of interests in a total of 17 income properties aggregating $595 million at a weighted average 
capitalization rate of 5.7%, comprised of approximately 1,809,000 square feet.  In connection with these acquisitions, RioCan 
assumed mortgage financing of $48 million at a weighted average interest rate of 3.8%.

Property name and location

Quarter
acquired

Interest
acquired

Capitalization
rate

Purchase
price (i)

NLA at 
RioCan’s 
interest 
(thousands 
of sqft)

Average
in place
rent

%
leased

Average
remaining
lease term
(years) (ii)

RioCan’s
ending
interest

Chapman Mills Marketplace, Ottawa,
ON
CPPIB four-property portfolio (iv)

642 King Street West, Toronto, ON (iii)

Grant Crossing, Ottawa ON

Kimco four-property portfolio (v)

South Bank Centre, Okotoks, AB

Gloucester Phase II, Gloucester ON (iii)

Shops of Summerhill, Toronto, ON

RioCan Thickson Ridge, Whitby, ON

85 Bloor Street West, Toronto, ON

Huron Heights, London, ON

Total 2016 Acquisitions

Q3

Q3

Q3

Q3

Q3

Q2

Q2

Q2

Q2

Q1

Q1

25%

50%

50%

20%

50%

25%

20%

75%

50%

100%

50%

5.3% $ 36,200

113 $ 18.04

100%

5.7%

343,476

910

22.72

98.7%

n/a

5.4%

7.9%

5.9%

n/a

4.0%

6.7%

3.7%

6.6%

12,923

16,000

42,708

11,840

3,200

32,585

45,000

38,106

12,500

15

46

28.62

72.8%

19.40

100%

405

11.92

83.1%

37

16

23

186

14

44

19.70

21.37

49.33

17.40

101.38

19.11

98%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

5.7% $ 594,538

1,809 $ 20.21

4.4

4.7

0.4

5.7

3.1

7.4

4.6

17.3

7.3

9.7

4.9

100%

100%

50%

80%

100%

75%

100%

75%

100%

100%

100%

(i)  RioCan's purchase price includes closing costs and other transaction costs in the case of asset acquisitions. These costs are expensed for 

property acquisitions treated as IFRS business combinations. 

(ii)  Weighted average based on gross rental revenue. 
(iii)  The purchase price for this property was not determined using a capitalization rate.
(iv)  The CPPIB four-property portfolio includes Grandview Corners (Surrey, BC), RioCan Beacon Hill (Calgary, AB), RioCan Meadows (Edmonton, AB) 
and RioCan Centre Burloak (Oakville, ON).  Also acquired with this portfolio was $8.5 million of associated lands, which have been recognized as 
acquisitions of properties under development.  The total acquisition price was $352 million.

(v)  The Kimco four-property portfolio includes Charlottetown Mall (Charlottetown, PEI), Parkwood Place (Prince George, BC), Gates of Fergus 

(Fergus, ON) and Hawkesbury Centre (Hawkesbury, ON). 

During the year, we also acquired a 100% interest in the income producing buildings on the property located at 1860 Bayview 
Avenue in Toronto, Ontario. The purchase price will be finalized within 14 months from the acquisition date based on capitalized 
earnings at the settlement date according to a contractually agreed formula. 1860 Bayview Avenue is a 76,000 square foot 
shopping centre anchored by Whole Foods and also includes Shoppers Drug Mart and TD Bank as tenants.  The Whole Foods 
anchor is scheduled to commence operations in April 2017.

Income Property Dispositions During 2016 

As a further means of raising and recycling capital, the Trust evaluates the sale of selected assets as part of a process of actively 
managing the portfolio and a means of increasing the portfolio weighting to the urban markets in Canada. 

We did not dispose of any income properties during the fourth quarter of 2016.  During the year ended December 31, 2016, we 
disposed of interests in a total of nine income-producing properties totaling $126 million and representing a weighted average 
capitalization rate of 6.1%.  Our mortgage obligations related to these properties was $29 million. 

Property name and location

Quarter
disposed

Capitalization
rate

RioCan’s
sales price
(thousands
of dollars)

Debt
associated
with property
(thousands)

GLA disposed of
at RioCan’s
interest
(thousands of sqft)

Ownership
interest
disposed of
by RioCan

12 Vodden Street, Brampton, ON

The Junction, Mission, BC

Centre Regional Chateauguay, PQ

Eastcourt Mall, Cornwall, ON

Northumberland Square, Miramichi, NB

Timiskaming Square, New Liskeard, ON

Nortown Centre, Chatham, ON

Peninsula Village, Surrey, BC

Halifax Walmart Centre, Halifax, NS

Total 2016 Dispositions

Q3

Q2

Q2

Q2

Q2

Q2

Q1

Q1

Q1

(i)  Property disposed of primarily based on land value. 

(i)

$

8,180

$

6.3%

8.0%

(i)

(i)

(i)

7.1%

4.9%

6.2%

34,025

15,625

7,900

2,500

1,100

6,393

39,125

11,040

—

—

13,278

—

—

—

—

13,654

2,427

6.1% $ 125,888

$

29,359

32

141

100

88

80

80

36

85

69

711

100%

50%

50%

50%

50%

50%

50%

50%

50%

55
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Capital Expenditures on Income Properties 

Maintenance capital expenditures

Maintenance capital expenditures refer to investments that are necessary to maintain the existing earnings capacity of our 
property portfolio and are dependent upon many factors, including, but not limited to, lease expiry maturity profile, tenant 
vacancies, the age and location of the income properties and general economic and market conditions, which impact the level of 
tenant bankruptcies. As at December 31, 2016, the estimated weighted average age of our income property portfolio is 
approximately 23 years (December 31, 2015 - approximately 22 years). Maintenance capital expenditures consist primarily of 
third party leasing commissions, tenant improvements and certain recoverable and non-recoverable capital expenditures.  Actual 
maintenance capital expenditures can vary widely from period to period depending on a number of factors as noted above, as 
well as the level of acquisition and disposition activity.

As a result, management believes that for the purpose of determining AFFO which, as discussed in the Non-GAAP Measures 
section of this MD&A, is used as an input in assessing a REIT's distribution payout ratio and for determining an appropriate level 
of sustainable common unitholder distributions, normalized capital expenditures are more relevant than using actual capital 
expenditures.  Refer to the Non-GAAP Measures section in this MD&A for details on how management estimates our normalized 
capital expenditures used in the determination of AFFO.  The later part of this MD&A section discusses the reasons for our 2016 
actual maintenance capital expenditures being higher than the normalized capital expenditures.

Third-party leasing commissions and tenant improvements 

Our portfolio requires ongoing investments of capital for costs related to tenant improvements, broker commissions on new and 
renewal tenant leases and other third-party leasing costs.  The amount and timing of capital outlays to fund tenant improvements 
on our income property portfolio depend on several factors, which may include the lease maturity profile, unforeseen tenant 
bankruptcies and the location of the income property.  

Recoverable and non-recoverable capital expenditures

We also invest capital on a regular basis to physically maintain our income properties. Typical costs incurred are for expenditures 
such as roof replacement programs and the resurfacing of parking lots. Tenant leases generally provide for the ability to recover a 
significant portion of such costs from tenants over time as property operating costs. We expense or capitalize these amounts to 
income properties, as appropriate. 

The majority of such activities occur when weather conditions are favourable. As a result, these expenditures are generally not 
consistent throughout the year. 

Revenue enhancing capital expenditures

Capital spending for new or existing income properties that is expected to create, improve and/or add to the overall earnings 
capacity of the property portfolio are considered revenue enhancing. RioCan considers such amounts to be investing activities. 
As a result, we do not expect such expenditures to be funded from cash flows from operating activities and do not consider such 
amounts as a key determinant in setting the amount that is distributed to our unitholders. Revenue enhancing capital 
expenditures are not included in the determination of AFFO.

Expenditures for third-party leasing commissions and tenant improvements, recoverable and non-recoverable, and revenue 
enhancing capital expenditures pertaining to our income properties are as follows:

Continuing Operations

(thousands of dollars)

2016

2015

2016

2015

2016

2017

Three months ended
December 31,

Year ended 
 December 31,

Normalized Capital
Expenditures

Maintenance capital expenditures:

   Leasing commissions and tenant

improvements

Recoverable from tenants

Non-recoverable

Revenue enhancing capital expenditures:

Office capital investment (i)

Other revenue-enhancing

$

$

$

$

13,853 $

7,807 $

33,677 $

21,626 $

25,000 $

9,287

1,504

8,141

7,303

18,920

11,746

14,438

11,520

15,000

10,000

24,644 $

23,251 $

64,343 $

47,584 $

50,000 $

26,500

16,000

10,000

52,500

1,485

828

1,053

473

6,538

5,168

2,313 $

1,526 $

26,957 $

24,777 $

11,706 $

76,049 $

4,770

2,238

7,008

54,592

(i) 

Includes certain expenditures related to the office component of the RioCan Yonge Eglinton Centre that management believes have improved the 
overall earnings capacity of this property, a portion of which is recoverable from the office tenants.

During the year ended December 31, 2016, our total capital expenditures on income properties were $76 million compared to $55 
million for 2015. The $21 million increase was primarily due to the following:

• 

higher leasing and tenant improvement expenditures as we increased occupancy over the year; 

56
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

• 

• 

accelerated maintenance capital spending during 2016 on some of the facilities that lost the Target anchor in order to 
increase occupancy back to their historic levels; and

higher revenue enhancing spend connected to our office capital investment and certain interior renovation costs at some of 
the Trust's enclosed mall properties.

For the year ended December 31, 2016, our maintenance capital expenditures of $64 million, which exclude revenue enhancing 
capital expenditures, are $14 million higher than our normalized capital expenditures of $50 million.  This is mainly due to 
accelerated maintenance capital spending during 2016 on some of our facilities that lost the Target anchor as well as higher than 
normal leasing and tenant improvement expenditures, both of which were done to increase occupancy back to historical levels.  
Management does not believe such spending represents an ongoing level of maintenance capital expenditures.  

Discontinued Operations

Capital expenditures including leasing costs and tenant improvements for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $18 million 
(December 31, 2015 - $13 million).  Included in 2016 capital expenditures were approximately $6 million related to a sink-hole 
repair at one of our U.S. properties and approximately $4 million in tenant allowances transferred to Blackstone in connection 
with the U.S. portfolio sale.

Co-ownership Arrangements 

Co-ownership activities represent real estate investments in which RioCan has joint control and either owns an undivided interest 
in the assets and liabilities with its co-owners (joint operations) or ownership rights to the residual equity of the co-ownership (joint 
ventures). 

The Trust’s co-ownership arrangements are governed by co-ownership agreements with its various co-owners. RioCan’s 
standard co-ownership agreement provides exit and transfer provisions, including, but not limited to, buy/sell and/or right of first 
offers or refusals that allow for the unwinding of these co-ownership arrangements should the circumstances necessitate. 

Generally, the Trust is only liable for its proportionate share of the obligations of the co-ownerships in which it participates, except 
in limited circumstances. Credit risk arises in the event that co-owners default on the payment of their proportionate share of such 
obligations. Co-ownership agreements will typically provide RioCan with an option to remedy any non-performance by a 
defaulting co-owner. These credit risks are mitigated as the Trust has recourse against the asset under its co-ownership 
agreements in the event of default by its co-owners, in which case the Trust’s claim would be against both the underlying real 
estate investments and the co-owners that are in default. In addition to the matter noted above, RioCan has provided guarantees 
on debt totalling $341 million as at December 31, 2016 (December 31, 2015 - $358 million) on behalf of co-owners.  

Selected Financial Information of Joint Operations (Proportionate Share)

(thousands of dollars)

As at December 31, 2016

Allied

Allied/Diamond (The Well)

Bayfield

CMHC Pension Fund

CPPIB (iv)

First Gulf

Kimco (v)

KingSett

Metropia/Bazis

Sun Life

Tanger

Trinity

Other

RioCan's
ownership
interest

Number of
investment
properties (i)

Assets (ii) Liabilities (ii)

50%

40%

30% - 40%

50%

40% - 50%

50%

—

50%

50%

40% - 50%

50%

50% - 81.25%

50% - 75%

3 $

86,780 $

7,287 $

1

5

1

3

1

—

3

1

2

4

10

11

131,881

103,967

41,841

239,060

80,210

—

347,013

169,174

97,065

179,314

397,984

179,524

42,319

45,785

20,021

19,639

33,821

—

96,225

88,807

14,314

12,712

185,616

66,653

Three months ended
December 31, 2016

Year ended
December 31, 2016

NOI (iii)

360 $

—

1,487

482

1,231

1,053

—

2,962

—

1,288

2,823

4,490

2,261

NOI (iii)

1,271

347

6,462

1,995

15,341

4,406

5,361

10,348

—

5,102

9,315

20,363

8,534

88,845

Total joint operations

45 $ 2,053,813 $

633,199 $

18,437 $

Includes properties under development and is based on the number of proportionately owned properties as at December 31, 2016.  

(i) 
(ii)  Assets and liabilities are stated at RioCan's proportionate share. 
(iii)  Represents the proportionate share of NOI related to all properties for which we owned a proportionate interest during the reporting period.
(iv)  On July 27, 2016, RioCan purchased CPPIB's interest in four properties thereby reducing the number of co-owned assets to three properties.
(v)  On September 29, 2016, RioCan acquired Kimco's interest in the remaining four properties.

57
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Selected Financial Information of Joint Operations and Joint Ventures 

Total Assets

(thousands of dollars)

As at December 31, 2016

Proportionately consolidated joint operations

Allied

Allied/Diamond (The Well)

Bayfield

CMHC Pension Fund

CPPIB

First Gulf

Kimco

KingSett

Income
properties

Residential
development

PUD (i)

inventory Other (ii)

Total

December 31, 
2015

$

41,891 $

43,363 $

— $

1,526 $

86,780 $

—

128,800

100,114

36,329

131,229

79,771

—

2,576

5,402

99,958

—

—

257,628

82,226

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

3,081

1,277

110

7,873

439

—

7,159

15,756

620

3,416

8,005

6,409

131,881

103,967

41,841

239,060

80,210

—

347,013

169,174

97,065

179,314

397,984

179,524

45,236

100,657

108,179

40,499

592,057

81,094

243,623

297,022

113,293

94,982

184,429

478,669

143,383

Metropia/Bazis (iii)

2,511

102,493

48,414

Sun Life

Tanger

Trinity (iii)

Other

96,445

163,837

331,434

165,824

—

12,061

58,545

7,291

—

—

—

—

Total assets of proportionately consolidated
joint operations

Equity accounted joint ventures (iv):

$ 1,407,013 $ 542,715 $

48,414 $ 55,671 $ 2,053,813 $

2,523,123

HBC (RioCan-HBC JV)

$

231,203 $

— $

— $

1,053 $

232,256 $

200,872

Marketvest Corporation/Dale-Vest 
Corporation (Dawson-Yonge LP)

8,840

Total assets of equity accounted joint ventures

240,043

—

—

—

—

98

8,938

8,538

1,151

241,194

209,410

$ 1,647,056 $ 542,715 $

48,414 $ 56,822 $ 2,295,007 $

2,732,533

(i) 

The value of properties under development includes active development projects as well as the value of excess density where development is 
currently non-active.

(ii)  Primarily includes cash and cash equivalents, rents receivable and other operating expenditures recoverable from tenants.  
(iii)  Residential development inventory represents the Yonge Eglinton Northeast Corner e-condos with Metropia and Bazis Inc. and the December 31, 

2015 amounts also include Stouffville townhome residential density (Minto and Trinity).

(iv)    Includes the Trust's equity accounted joint arrangements only and excludes our equity accounted investment in the WhiteCastle Funds.  

58
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Total NOI

(thousands of dollars)

Proportionately consolidated joint operations (i)

Allied

Allied/Diamond (The Well)

Bayfield

CMHC Pension Fund

CPPIB

First Gulf Corporation

Kimco

KingSett

Metropia/Bazis

Sun Life

Tanger

Trinity

Other

Total NOI of proportionately consolidated joint operations

Equity accounted joint ventures (ii):

HBC (RioCan-HBC JV)

Kimco (RioKim Montgomery JV LP)

Marketvest Corporation/Dale-Vest Corporation (Dawson-Yonge LP)

Total NOI of equity accounted joint ventures

Total joint arrangements

Year ended December 31,

2016

2015

$

1,271 $

347

6,462

1,995

15,341

4,406

5,361

10,348

—

5,102

9,315

20,363

8,534

1,234

1,365

6,607

1,979

20,574

4,222

55,361

10,736

(52)

5,248

7,915

19,164

12,936

$

$

88,845 $

147,289

12,271 $

—

495

12,766

5,531

1,167

499

7,197

$

101,611 $

154,486

(i)     Represents the proportionate share of NOI related to all properties for which we owned a proportionate interest during the year.  
(ii)    Includes the Trust's equity accounted joint arrangements only and excludes our equity accounted investment in the WhiteCastle Funds.

RioCan-HBC JV 

As at December 31, 2016, the Trust's ownership interest in RioCan-HBC JV was 11.6% (December 31, 2015 - 10.3%).  The 
following tables present the financial results of RioCan-HBC JV on a 100% basis:

Condensed Statements of Financial Position

(thousands of dollars)

As at

Current assets

Non-current assets

Current liabilities

Non-current liabilities (i)

Net assets

RioCan's share of net assets in RioCan-HBC JV (ii)

Includes mortgages payable and lines of credit.

(i) 
(ii)  Represents RioCan's proportionate share of net assets and other acquisition-related costs.

Condensed Statements of Income

(thousands of dollars)

Rental revenue

Operating expenses

Fair value losses

Interest expense

Net income

RioCan's share of net income in RioCan-HBC JV

(i)  RioCan became a co-venturer in the RioCan-HBC JV on July 9, 2015.

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

$

$

$

9,067 $

1,980,330

10,675

546,114

1,432,608 $

167,581 $

1,985

1,947,903

4,417

549,732

1,395,739

143,785

Year ended December 31,

2016

$

131,653 $

10,643

(11,825)

15,999

93,186 $

10,391 $

$

$

2015 (i)

52,290

4,706

(7,554)

6,708

33,322

4,292

59
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Properties Under Development  

RioCan has a development program primarily focused on mixed use and urban retail centres. The provisions of the Trust’s 
Declaration have the effect of limiting direct and indirect investments in greenfield developments and development properties held 
for resale (each net of related mortgage debt and mezzanine financing to fund co-owners’ share of such developments) to no 
more than 15% of total consolidated unitholders’ equity of the Trust, as determined under IFRS.  As at December 31, 2016, 
RioCan's investments in greenfield development and residential inventory as a percentage of consolidated unitholders' equity is 
2.6% and, therefore, the Trust is in compliance with this restriction. 

RioCan also has an unsecured operating credit facility with six Canadian Schedule I financial institutions.  The unsecured 
operating credit facility agreement requires the Trust to maintain certain financial covenants pursuant to the credit facility 
agreement, one of which includes a more restrictive covenant as it pertains to the Trust's development activities.  Refer to note 24 
of the 2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements for further details.

In addition to RioCan’s various development projects, the Trust also contributes to portfolio growth through the intensification and 
redevelopment of existing properties where RioCan has identified opportunities to increase density or add to an existing 
asset. This intensification and redevelopment of existing properties contributes to NOI growth in an efficient manner, leveraging 
the existing asset base, and can also lead to significant gains resulting from the sale of residential rights. 

Development square feet (at RioCan's share) for greenfield development and urban intensification projects by geographic area as 
at December 31, 2016 is as follows:

(in thousands of square feet)

Toronto

Suburban GTA

Alberta

Ottawa

NLA

1,720

1,061

759

221

Total

3,761

Refer to note 5 of the 2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2016 for the change in 
consolidated IFRS carrying value of the Trust's development properties.

Development Property Acquisitions and Dispositions
During 2016, RioCan completed acquisitions in four development properties for $10 million, these assets were acquired free and 
clear of financing, and disposed of two parcels of excess land in Canada valued at $5.4 million.

Completed Developments in 2016 

During the year ended December 31, 2016, RioCan transferred carrying value from properties under development to income 
producing properties totalling $274 million pertaining to 733,000 square feet of completed greenfield development and expansion 
and redevelopment projects. 

60
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

A summary of RioCan’s 2016 transfers to income properties from development projects is as follows: 

NLA at RioCan's Interest

2016

(thousands of square feet, unless
otherwise noted)

Property location

Brentwood Village, Calgary, AB

Charlottetown Mall, Charlottetown, 

PEI

Corbett Centre, Fredericton, NB

East Hills, Calgary, AB

Flamborough Power Centre,

Hamilton, ON

Gates of Fergus, Fergus, ON

Herongate Mall, Ottawa, ON

Kennedy Commons, Toronto, ON

Lawrence Square, Toronto, ON

RioCan Colossus Centre, Vaughan,

ON

RioCan’s %
ownership

Total

100%

100%

100%

40%

100%

100%

75%

50%

100%

100%

3

44

25

57

8

32

2

5

62

114

Q4

—

25

25

—

—

—

2

—

—

6

RioCan Scarborough Centre II,

100%

116

116

Toronto, ON

Sage Hill Crossing, Calgary, AB

Shoppers City East, Ottawa, ON

South Hamilton Square, Hamilton,

ON

South Trail Crossing, Calgary, AB

Stratford Centre, Stratford, ON

1860 Bayview Avenue, Toronto, ON

50%

63%

100%

100%

100%

100%

51

22

51

49

16

76

21

13

—

—

16

—

Q3

3

19

—

35

—

16

—

—

11

108

—

14

—

16

—

—

38

Development Pipeline Summary 

733

224

260

Q2

—

—

—

22

—

6

—

5

—

—

—

13

—

—

—

—

38

84

NLA at
100% Tenants transferred to IPP

Q1

—

—

—

—

8

10

—

—

51

—

—

3

9

35

49

—

—

3  Chatime

44  H&M, Urban Planet

25  Princess Auto

143  Sport Chek, Bed, Bath & Beyond,

Dollarama, Michaels, Marshalls

8  Investors Group

32  Giant Tiger, Dollarama

3  A&W

10  Visions Electronics

62  HomeSense, Marshalls, PetSmart

114  Bed, Bath & Beyond, Buy Buy Baby,

Staples, Chop

116  Costco

102  McDonald's, Liquor Max, Bulk Barn,
London Drugs, Bank of Nova Scotia

35  Shoppers Drug Mart, The Beer Store,
Expedia, Thai Express, Gabriel's
Pizza

51  Flying Squirrel

49  HomeSense, Marshalls

16  World Gym

76  Shoppers Drug Mart, TD Bank,

Whole Foods

165

889

The fair market value of properties under development, including properties under development held for sale, at December 31, 
2016 is $916 million (December 31, 2015 - $872 million), which includes costs of $905 million (December 31, 2015 - $907 million) 
and a cumulative fair value of $11 million (December 31, 2015 - reduction of $35 million). 

As at December 31, 2016, RioCan’s greenfield development and urban intensification pipeline will, upon completion, represent 
approximately 6,440,000 square feet (3,761,000 square feet at RioCan's interest), which includes approximately 811,000 square 
feet that is already income producing. 

The following tables represent the components of properties under development type and status: 

(thousands of dollars)

As at December 31, 2016

Comprised of:

Greenfield Development

Urban Intensification

Expansion and Redevelopment

Excess Density and Other (i)

Active

Committed Non-committed

Non-active

Total

$

82,147

$

72,900

$

— $

263,127

218,056

—

151,863

6,684

—

—

—

120,731

$

563,330

$

231,447

$

120,731

$

155,047

414,990

224,740

120,731

915,508

(i)  Non-active excess density and other includes earn-outs and early stage zoning, planning and consent costs related to residential initiatives.

Definitions 

Greenfield Development - vacant land typically located in suburban markets that is being constructed or developed ‘from the 
ground-up’ for future use as a rental property.

Urban Intensification - land use intensification at existing rental income property located in urban markets, which typically involves 
increasing the rentable square footage of the property.

Expansion and Redevelopment - existing rental income property, or component thereof, that is being repositioned through 
redevelopment, which typically increases NOI by adding to the overall rentable area of the property.

Excess Density and Other - vacant land acquired or identified for future development, if and when market demand exists.

61
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Active Committed - a property where a pro forma budget has been approved, all major planning issues have been resolved, 
anchor tenant(s) have been secured and construction is about to start or has started. 

Active Non-committed - a property where the development team is in the process of creating a pro forma budget, all planning 
issues are being resolved, the leasing team is in the process of securing tenants, but construction has not started. 

Non-active - a property that has been identified as having future development potential, but is currently not in active development. 

On an aggregate basis, the majority of greenfield development and urban intensification projects (including residential rental 
development) are estimated to generate a weighted average NOI yield of approximately 5% to 6%, although certain properties 
may fall outside of this range. For the year ended December 31, 2016, total costs incurred were approximately $243 million.  
Capital expenditures for active projects in 2017 are estimated to be approximately $385 million.  These costs will be reduced by 
any potential proceeds received from conditional land and air right sales. 

Projected Development Summary 

RioCan is committed to property development and redevelopment opportunities and is focused on completing the construction of 
the development pipeline underway, on time and on budget, and continuing to make progress on leasing. Commencement of 
construction for several of the development projects have been deferred until economic conditions warrant. Potential anchor 
tenants are currently more cautious in committing to new developments, which will impact the timing of several developments, as 
RioCan will not commence construction until it has secured the requisite leasing commitments pertaining to the retail portion of 
the development and appropriate risk-adjusted returns. In the case of mixed use projects, construction of the rental residential 
component will commence with no pre-leasing.

Development activity is expected to increase in the upcoming years due to development of mixed use properties featuring 
residential components, demand from U.S.-based tenants entering the Canadian market and the demand from existing tenants, 
especially in urban locations.

RioCan’s estimated development project square footage and future development costs are subject to change. Such changes may 
be material to the Trust, as assumptions are updated regularly based on revised site plans, the cost tendering process and 
continuing tenant negotiations. These assumptions, among other items, include the following: anchor tenants, the likelihood, 
timing and amount of future sales of air rights and land dispositions, tenant rents, building sizes, project completion timelines, 
availability and cost of construction financing, and project costs.  Although the projected development expenditures below are 
based upon what management believes are reasonable assumptions, there can be no assurance that actual results will be 
consistent with these projections and may, therefore, materially differ from management’s current expectations.

RioCan's projected development spending for active committed and active non-committed projects are as follows:

(thousands of dollars)

Greenfield Development

Urban Intensification

Expansion & Redevelopment

2017

2018

2019

2020+

Total

$

19,266

$

75,120

$

17,872

$ 113,564

$ 225,822

217,141

148,667

272,163

64,306

164,008

19,783

364,951

1,018,263

70,735

303,491

Sub-total
Less: Projected proceeds from dispositions (i)

$ 385,074
(34,724)

$ 411,589
—

$ 201,663
—

$ 549,250
(101,964)

$ 1,547,576
(136,688)

Projected development costs, net of dispositions

$ 350,350

$ 411,589

$ 201,663

$ 447,286

$ 1,410,888

Committed

Non-committed

Total

$ 293,681

$ 229,868

$

40,967 $

— $ 564,516

56,669

181,721

160,696

447,286

846,372

$ 350,350

$ 411,589

$ 201,663

$ 447,286

$ 1,410,888

(i)  Projected proceeds from dispositions represents conditional land and air right sales, which management considers as reductions to its overall 

development expenditures.

As at December 31, 2016, the development pipeline NLA expected to be completed by year is as follows: 

(thousands of square feet)

Greenfield Development

Urban Intensification

Sub-total

Expansion & Redevelopment

Total

NLA - RioCan%

NLA - 100% NLA - RioCan%

IPP(i)

2017

2018

2019

2020+

2,498

3,942

6,440

2,150

8,590

1,549

2,212

3,761

1,544

5,305

294

81

375

—

375

50

—

50

816

866

143

235

378

536

914

—

534

534

27

561

1,062

1,362

2,424

165

2,589

(i)  NLA of the development pipeline that is currently income producing. 

62
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

As at December 31, 2016, the development pipeline NLA expected to be completed by year and by committed and non-
committed is as follows:

(thousands of square feet)

Committed

Non-committed

Total

Greenfield Development 

2017

2018

2019

2020+

866

—

866

862

52

914

542

19

561

333

2,256

2,589

RioCan’s current greenfield development pipeline consists of three properties that are expected to add approximately 2,498,000 
square feet (1,549,000 square feet at RioCan’s interest) of space upon completion over the next six years, excluding potential 
condominium units, townhouses and air rights that will be sold. 655,000 square feet is already income producing (294,400 square 
feet at RioCan's interest). RioCan is committed to property development and redevelopment opportunities and is focused on 
completing its existing development pipeline. These developments will be an important component of our organic growth strategy 
over time. Our development program is focused on well-located urban and suburban land in the six major markets in Canada. 
RioCan’s projected returns on development properties are expected to be higher than the returns that can be generated through 
properties that are purchased. Furthermore, population growth over time will lead to improved tenant sales and further increases 
in rent at these properties as tenants renew upon the expiry of their original term. Development properties that we have 
completed either independently or with co-owners during the last fifteen years contribute significantly to our existing growth.

A summary of RioCan’s greenfield development pipeline as at December 31, 2016 is as follows: 

(thousands of
square feet)

RioCan’s
% 
ownership

Partners

Anchors

Total
estimated 
development

Retailer
owned 
anchors
(i)

RioCan’s 
interest

Partners’ 
interests

Total 
leasing 
activity
(ii)

% 
Leased

Current 
development 
(iii)

Potential 
future 
developments

Estimated square feet upon completion of the 
development project

Anticipated date of 
development completion

East Hills, Calgary,
AB

40%

 CPPIB /
Lansdowne
/ Tristar

50%

 KingSett

 Walmart,
Cineplex,
Costco
(shadow
anchor)

 Walmart,
Loblaws,
London
Drugs

886

160

291

435

380

52%

 Q4 2017 

2018

394

—

197

197

355

90%

 Q4 2017 

1,280

160

488

632

735

66%

100%

1,218

157

1,061

1,218

157

1,061

—

—

—

—

—

—

2019+

2,498

317

1,549

632

735

34%

(i)  Retailer owned anchors include both completed and contemplated sales. 
(ii)  Leasing activity includes leasing that is conditional on receiving municipal approvals and meeting construction deadlines. 
(iii)  The current development date refers to the rent commencement date.

Acquisition and development expenditures incurred to date

Estimated remaining construction 
expenditures to complete

RioCan’s interest

RioCan’s
% 
ownership

Estimated  
project cost 
(100%)

Amount 
included in 
IPP

Amount 
included in 
PUD

40% $ 338,401 $

36,044 $

59,156 $

95,200 $ 120,232 $ 215,432 $

49,187 $

73,781 $ 122,968

50%

121,466

44,051

6,377

—

16,613

50,428

16,613

46,681

—

97,109

16,613

12,179

12,179

24,358

—

—

—

Total

Partners’ 
interest

Total

RioCan’s 
interest

Partners’ 
interest

Total

Windfield Farms, Oshawa, ON 

100%

Fair Value Adjustments

Greenfield Developments –Non-

committed

Total Greenfield 
Developments

459,867

223,476

223,476

80,095

82,146

162,241

166,913

329,154

61,366

85,960

147,326

—

—

—

59,020

13,880

59,020

13,880

72,900

72,900

—

—

—

59,020

164,456

13,880

—

— 164,456

—

—

72,900

164,456

— 164,456

$ 683,343 $

80,095 $ 155,046 $ 235,141 $ 166,913 $ 402,054 $ 225,822 $

85,960 $ 311,782

Sage Hill, Calgary, 
AB

Greenfield 
Developments –
Committed

Windfield Farms, 
Oshawa, ON 

Greenfield 
Developments –
Non-committed

Total Greenfield 
Developments

(thousands of dollars)

East Hills, Calgary, AB

Sage Hill, Calgary, AB

Fair Value Adjustments

Greenfield Developments –
Committed

A summary of 2016 highlights from RioCan’s Greenfield Development projects are as follows:

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

East Hills - Calgary, Alberta

This 148 acre site is currently being developed into an 886,000 square foot regional new format retail centre.  The site is 
anchored by a 130,000 square foot Walmart that opened in March 2014. An additional 67,000 square feet of retail space was 
constructed in 2015.  The majority of the tenants in this phase opened in early 2016.  

A deal was completed with Costco in the first quarter of 2016 to purchase approximately 14.8 acres of the site. Costco 
commenced construction of a 160,000 square foot store in the second quarter of 2016 and opened in the third quarter of 2016.

Construction was completed on 135,000 square feet of retail space in the third quarter of 2016. Marshalls, Michaels, PetSmart, 
Bed Bath & Beyond, Mark’s Work Wearhouse and Dollarama all commenced operations in the third quarter of 2016. Sport Chek 
commenced operations in early October 2016.

Sage Hill - Calgary, Alberta

This 32-acre site is currently being developed into a 394,000 square foot new format retail centre. This site is anchored by a 
153,000 square foot Walmart that opened in January 2015. A 45,000 square foot Loblaws City Market commenced operation in 
January 2016. A 36,000 square foot London Drugs commenced operation in November 2016. The majority of tenants are 
expected to be open in 2017.

Windfield Farms - Oshawa, Ontario 

RioCan and Tribute Communities ("Tribute") have formed a co-ownership with the purpose of developing a residential project 
containing approximately 551 townhome units on an approximate 31-acre portion of RioCan's Windfield Farms development 
property. Tribute will provide development, construction, sales and marketing services to the co-ownership for the residential 
component of the site. RioCan continues to explore various retail and mixed use development options for the remaining 85 acres 
of the approximately 116 acres of developable land at the site, which is located in the eastern GTA adjacent to Highway 407 
in Oshawa, Ontario.

All significant conditions with respect to the purchase price have been waived by Tribute for the residential portion of this project 
and we expect to receive the remaining approvals during second quarter of 2017. Site work commenced during 2016.

Urban Intensification 

A focus within our development growth strategy is urban development and intensification. Our current urban development pipeline 
consists of eleven properties that, if all rezoning requests are granted as applied for, represents approximately 3,942,000 square 
feet (2,212,000 square feet at RioCan’s interest) of space upon completion over the next six years, excluding condominium units 
and air rights that have been sold and potential condominium units and air rights that will be sold. Our urban development 
program currently is focused on properties located in densely populated areas in the urban cores of Toronto and Calgary.

Land use intensification opportunities arise from the fact that retail centres are generally built with lot coverages of approximately 
25% of the underlying land. Therefore, particularly in urban markets and preferably near transit lines, we can seek to obtain 
additional density, retail or residential, on its existing property portfolio, and as the land is already owned, it anticipates achieving 
strong returns on new construction and increasing net asset value. Population growth is significant in these areas and retailers 
want locations that are able to access this population. RioCan’s urban development program will serve that demand and returns 
on these properties will contribute significantly to our growth strategy over time. As a result of the aforementioned population 
growth, cities are building infrastructure to serve this population that will benefit RioCan’s urban development growth strategy.

64
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

A summary of our urban development and intensification pipeline as at December 31, 2016 is as follows:

(thousands of square feet)

RioCan’s
% 
ownership

Partners

Anchors

Total
estimated 
development

RioCan’s 
interest

Partners’ 
interests

Total 
leasing 
activity (i)

% 
Leased

Current 
development 
(ii)

Potential 
future 
developments

Estimated square feet upon 
completion of the 
development project

Anticipated date of 
development completion

491 College Street, Toronto, ON

50%

 Allied

 LCBO

Bathurst College Centre, Toronto,

ON

Fifth and Third East Village,

Calgary, AB

Gloucester -Residential, Ottawa,

ON

100%

100%

100%

King-Portland Centre, Toronto, ON

50%

 Allied

 Grocery
store

Loblaws

 Shopify,
Indigo

Yonge Eglinton Northeast Corner,

Toronto, ON

50%

 Metropia /
Bazis

 TD
Bank

Urban Intensification –Committed

Brentwood Village -Residential, 

Calgary, AB

College & Manning, Toronto, ON

Dupont Street, Toronto, ON

The Well, Toronto, ON

The Well -Residential Bldg 6,

Toronto, ON

Urban Intensification -
Non-committed

Total Urban Intensification

50%

50%

100%

40%

 Boardwalk 

 Allied

 Allied / 
Diamond 

50% Woodbourne

25

146

184

221

484

398

12

146

184

221

242

199

1,458

1,004

87

61

236

613

211

174

121

236

1,531

422

2,484

3,942

2018

2018

2020

2019

2019

2018 &
2019

13

—

—

—

242

199

454

87

60

—

918

211

7

98

28%

67%

105

57%

5

2%

278

57% (iii)

18

511

5% (iii)

35%

— —% (iv)

59

—

—

49%

0%

0%

— —% (iv)

2020

2020

2020

2020+

2022+

1,208

2,212

1,276

1,730

59

570

2%

14%

Leasing activity includes leasing that is conditional on receiving municipal approvals and meeting construction deadlines. 

(i) 
(ii)  The current development date refers to the rent commencement date.
(iii)    Excluding the residential components, the commercial space leased as at December 31, 2016 for King-Portland Centre and Yonge Eglinton 

Northeast Corner are 75% and 31%, respectively.

(iv)   These projects are primarily rental residential with either very minor retail components (based on square feet to be developed) or no retail, 

therefore, there is minimal or no pre-leasing activity at this date.

The total estimated development square feet upon completion of our project at Yonge Eglinton Northeast Corner includes space 
for offices, retail and residential rental apartments only (excludes residential condominiums). 341,000 square feet of the total 
estimated 398,000 square foot development pertains to residential rental density, wherein leasing will not take place until 
construction of the building is completed.  As a result, total leased space on our mixed use projects, such as this one and the 
King-Portland Centre, will be lower relative to our retail developments as there is no pre-leasing on the rental residential 
components.

65
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

  
Fair Value Adjustments

Urban Intensification - 
Non-committed

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Acquisition  and development expenditures incurred to date

(thousands of dollars)

RioCan’s
% 
ownership

Estimated  
project cost 
(100%)

RioCan’s interest

Amount 
included 
in 
IPP

Amount 
included 
in 
PUD

Estimated remaining construction 
expenditures to complete

Total

Partners’ 
interest

Total

RioCan’s 
interest

Partners’ 
interest

Total

491 College Street, Toronto, ON

50% $

21,876

$

45 $

6,701 $

6,746 $

6,149 $ 12,895 $

4,490 $

4,490 $

8,980

Bathurst College Centre, Toronto, 

ON

100%

101,147

Fifth and Third East Village, 

Calgary, AB

Gloucester -Residential, Ottawa, 

ON

King-Portland Centre, Toronto, 

ON

Yonge Eglinton Northeast 
Corner, Toronto, ON

Fair Value Adjustments

Urban Intensification –

Committed

100%

136,024

—

—

52,848

52,848

42,648

42,648

100%

80,561

413

14,419

14,832

—

—

—

52,848

48,299

42,648

93,376

14,832

65,729

—

—

—

48,299

93,376

65,729

50%

251,071

24,140

26,790

50,930

47,451

98,381

76,344

76,344

152,688

50%

226,758

113

—

61,881

57,839

61,994

57,839

49,678

111,672

57,543

57,543

115,086

—

57,839

817,437

24,711

263,126

287,837

103,278

391,115

345,781

138,377

484,158

Brentwood Village -Residential, 

Calgary, AB (ii)

College & Manning, Toronto, ON

50%

50%

66,673

55,406

—

8,915

Dupont Street, Toronto, ON

100%

126,763

The Well, Toronto, ON

40%

1,205,828 (i)

The Well -Residential Bldg 6, 

Toronto, ON (ii)

50%

235,477

—

5,472

17,296

89,130

—

14,387

17,296

—

—

33,337

33,337

12,739

27,126

14,140

14,140

66,674

28,280

—

17,296

109,468

—

109,468

89,130

122,196

211,326

397,801

596,702

994,503

—

—

39,966

39,966

—

—

—

117,738

117,738

235,476

39,966

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

1,690,147

8,915

151,864

160,779

134,935

295,714

672,484

761,917

1,434,401

Total Urban Intensification

$2,507,584

$

33,626 $ 414,990 $ 448,616 $ 238,213 $ 686,829 $ 1,018,265 $900,294 $1,918,559

(i)  Estimated project cost reflects the change in scope as a result of the sale of a portion of the residential component of The Well in July 2016.  

Closing of this transaction is expected to occur in early 2020. 

(ii)     These rental residential development projects have not yet commenced construction, therefore, no costs have been incurred to date.  

A summary of 2016 highlights from RioCan’s urban intensification projects is as follows:

491 College Street - Toronto, Ontario

RioCan and Allied purchased this site, located in downtown Toronto on a 50/50 joint venture basis for the purposes of relocating 
the existing LCBO at 549 College Street in order to allow for that site's redevelopment. 491 College Street is considered a 
heritage building, and as such, the facade will remain and be meticulously restored. The LCBO will occupy the first floor and the 
basement totaling 7,000 square feet of this 25,000 square foot development. Construction commenced in the summer of 2016 
and is expected to be completed in the first quarter of 2018.

Bathurst College Centre - Toronto, Ontario

This 1.3 acre site is located just west of the downtown core in Toronto near Bathurst and College Street. The property will be 
developed into a 146,000 square foot mixed use retail and office building anchored by a national grocery store. This project is 
expected to be completed in 2018.

Fifth and Third East Village - Calgary, Alberta

This 2.8 acre site is located in the East Village area of downtown Calgary, Alberta. The site was first acquired in the second 
quarter of 2013 as a 50/50 co-ownership with KingSett and RioCan purchased KingSett’s interest in the property in the second 
quarter of 2015. Upon completion, this mixed use project will include approximately 184,000 square feet of retail space anchored 
by an 86,000 square foot Loblaws City Market/Shoppers Drug Mart. Construction of this project commenced during the second 
quarter of 2016 and the retail portion of this project is expected to be completed in 2020.  RioCan has agreed in principle to grant 
a closing extension to residential developer, Embassy BOSA Inc., up to 2023 for the sale of $30 million in air rights as it pertains 
to the two residential towers to be erected upon the retail podium.  

Gloucester Residential - Ottawa, Ontario 

Demolition commenced in December 2016 and construction is scheduled to commence in April 2017 on a 216,000 square foot, 
23-storey building that will contain 220 residential units at Silver City Gloucester in Ottawa. The project is expected to be 
completed in 2019.

King-Portland Centre - Toronto, Ontario

This site is comprised of 602-606 & 620 King Street West, formerly owned exclusively by Allied, and adjacent properties 
extending from King Street West to Adelaide Street West that Allied and RioCan each acquired a 50% undivided interest. The site 
has frontage on King Street West, Portland Street and Adelaide Street West. Upon completion, the site will obtain a mixed use 
office, retail and residential complex with approximately 454,000 square feet of gross floor area. This includes an additional 
30,000 square feet pertains to offices at 642 King Street West, which will be redeveloped separately. Leases have been 
completed with Shopify Inc. for 107,000 square feet and Indigo Books & Music for approximately 79,000 square feet of office 

66
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

space at the property. Construction on this project began in the second quarter of 2016. The project is expected to be completed 
in early 2019.   

Yonge Eglinton Northeast Corner - Toronto, Ontario 

Construction on this site began in April 2014 with the demolition of the TD Bank branch.  The demolition of the remaining 
residential apartment building was completed in the second quarter of 2015. The project will contain a 58-floor condominium 
tower and a 36-floor residential rental tower, as well as 57,000 square feet of retail space featuring a flagship TD Bank branch. 
The rental tower will have 458 units and the condominium will have 621 units, all of which have been pre-sold. Construction is in 
progress and the project is expected to be completed toward the end of 2018, with leasing of the residential rental component to 
take place through 2019.

Brentwood Village - Calgary, Alberta

Zoning approval was received in early October for a mixed use retail and residential building. The 11-storey building will contain 
approximately 10,000 square feet of retail space and approximately 164,000 square feet of residential space comprising 165 
units in total. RioCan and Boardwalk REIT intend to develop this project as joint venture partners.  A firm deal to sell a 50% 
interest in the project to Boardwalk REIT has been signed, with the deal expected to close in the second quarter of 2017. 

College & Manning  - Toronto, Ontario

This site is comprised of 551-555 College Street, formerly owned exclusively by Allied, and 547 and 549 College Street, which 
were formerly owned exclusively by RioCan. Given the strategic downtown location of each property, Allied and RioCan have 
formed a 50/50 co-ownership to create a mixed use development including office, retail and residential space. Upon completion, 
the development shall be 121,000 square feet, including approximately 59,000 square feet that is currently income producing, 
56,000 square feet of residential rental density and 6,000 square feet of retail space featuring 185 feet of frontage along College 
Street. Construction will commence in 2018 upon completion of the LCBO relocation to 491 College Street.

740 Dupont Street  - Toronto, Ontario

This 1.4 acre site, located on Dupont Street near Christie Avenue, is northwest of the downtown Toronto core. Notice was 
received and the existing tenant will vacate on September 30, 2017, which will allow the property to be redeveloped into a mixed 
use retail and residential property.

The site is expected to be developed into a 236,000 square foot, nine-storey mixed use urban retail and residential building that 
will feature up to 85,000 square feet of retail space and 151,000 square feet of residential space. RioCan has a 100% ownership 
interest in the site. We received zoning approvals in 2015 and expect to receive site plan approval during the third quarter of 
2017. Construction will commence in the fourth quarter of 2017.

The Well - Toronto, Ontario

This 7.74 acre site is located on part of a large city block in Toronto bounded by Spadina Avenue, Front Street, Draper Street and 
Wellington Street. The site is in close proximity to Toronto's downtown office corridor and adjacent to a large and growing 
residential population. Official Plan approval has been received for over 3,000,000 square feet of mixed use density on the site.  
Approximately 1,450,000 square feet of the density is expected to be residential which will include a mix of both condominiums 
and rental apartments. A binding agreement to sell the residential component of The Well to Tridel and Woodbourne was 
completed in the third quarter of 2016. The occupants of the buildings on the site vacated at the end of 2016. Construction will 
begin in early 2017.

RioCan will remain a 50% co-owner of one of the rental buildings (Building 6) representing approximately 422,000 square feet of 
the residential rental density.

67
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Expansion & Redevelopment 

RioCan’s expansion and redevelopment project costs for 2017 are currently expected to be approximately $149 million. As at 
December 31, 2016, RioCan’s expansion and redevelopment pipeline will, upon completion, comprise approximately 2,150,000 
square feet, of which RioCan’s ownership interest will be approximately 1,544,000 square feet. 

A summary of RioCan’s expansion and redevelopment projects are as follows: 

(thousands of square
feet, thousands of
dollars)

As at December 31,
2016

Brentwood Village,
Calgary, AB

Burlington Mall,

Burlington, ON

Corbett Centre,

Fredericton, NB

Flamborough Power

RioCan’s
%
ownership

100%

50%

100%

Tenant(s)

 Retail
Podium

 Interior Mall
Renovation

 NB Liquors,
Mr. Lube

Centre, Hamilton, ON

100%  TBD

Herongate Mall, Ottawa,

ON

75%

 GoodLife
Fitness

Parkland Mall, Yorkton,

SK

Place Greenfield Park,

GP, QC

Shoppers City East,

Ottawa, ON

Tanger Outlets - Ottawa,

Kanata, ON

The Stockyards,
Toronto, ON

100%  Winners

 JYSK,
Giant Tiger,
Dollarama

100%

63%

 A&W, Tim
Hortons

50%  Marshalls

50%

 Pads D, M,
N

 Longo's, LA
Fitness,
Interior Mall
Renovation,
Residential

Yonge Sheppard Centre,

Toronto, ON

50%

Properties with former
Target units(ii)

Fair Value Adjustments

Total Committed

Expansion and
Redevelopment
properties

Total Non-committed
Expansion and
Redevelopment
properties

Total

Estimated project cost

Project
NLA

NLA
RioCan's
Interest

RioCan’s
Interest

Partners’
Interest

Historical
costs(i)

Total

Development
expenditures
to date at
RioCan’s
interest

Total
costs
incurred
to date

Estimated
remaining
construction
expenditures
to complete
at RioCan's
interest

13

—

20

88

44

20

72

7

58

20

13 $

1,858 $

— $

1,858 $

9,616 $

740 $ 10,356 $

1,118

—

20

88

33

20

72

4

29

10

20,133

20,133

40,266

6,070

23,574

—

—

6,070

—

—

890

890

19,243

1,269

1,269

4,801

23,574

5,384

2,735

8,119

20,839

6,502

2,167

8,669

4,153

5,434

9,587

1,068

4,457

7,642

—

—

4,457

2,241

4,416

6,657

41

7,642

2,300

2,594

4,894

5,048

2,217

1,313

3,530

18,840

1,261

20,101

956

9,934

9,934

19,868

4,504

5,029

9,533

4,905

252

252

504

6,700

127

6,827

125

511

256

184,865

184,865

369,730

25,122

57,818

82,940

127,047

1,119

—

909

129,724

27,353

157,077

101,934

26,155

128,089

103,569

—

—

—

— (71,206)

— (71,206)

—

1,972

1,454

397,228

246,017

643,245

109,588

108,468

218,056

288,760

178

90

17,550

17,550

35,100

3,865

2,819

6,684

14,731

2,150

1,544 $ 414,778 $ 263,567 $ 678,345 $113,453 $

111,287 $ 224,740 $

303,491

(i)  Historical costs represent carrying amounts transferred from IPP for former anchors targeted for redevelopment.
(ii)   RioCan transferred carrying value associated with the disclaimed spaces formerly occupied by Target from income producing properties to 

properties under development. The estimated remaining construction expenditures are based upon various scenarios related to the former Target 
space with the objective of developing these assets, such that RioCan can attract new tenants, achieve higher rents and improve the overall 
shopping centre.

A summary of 2016 highlights from our expansion and redevelopment projects is as follows:

Brentwood Village Shopping Centre - Calgary, Alberta

The four condo towers at Brentwood Village, known as University City, sit atop two retail podiums. The podium below towers 1 
and 2 is fully leased and features a 5,700 square foot sushi restaurant, a daycare, and Anytime Fitness. The podium below 
towers 3 and 4 remains unleased except for Chatime, who took occupancy in the fourth quarter of 2016. We anticipate the 
remaining space will be leased and open by late 2017.

Burlington Mall - Burlington, Ontario 

In addition to the reconfiguration and improvements scheduled to occur in the former Target premises, there will be an additional 
investment made to renovate the balance of the centre.  The scope of the renovation includes creation of a new mall link corridor 
connecting the existing food court to the HomeSense corridor via the former SportChek premises, a full renovation of the food 
court including washroom upgrades, replacement of all existing flooring, the addition of new skylights and lighting as well as 
cosmetic upgrades to the existing common areas.  

Corbett Centre  - Fredericton, New Brunswick

Construction is nearing completion on this 459,000 square foot new format retail centre. The site is shadow anchored by Costco 
and Home Depot and operate as part of the overall site. During the fourth quarter of 2016, Princess Auto received possession of 

68
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

a 25,000 square foot PAD and construction was underway for a 14,000 square foot New Brunswick Liquor. The tenants are 
expected to open in the second quarter of 2017.

Flamborough Power Centre, Flamborough, Ontario

An 8,000 square foot Investors Group commenced operations in Q3 2016.  An additional 88,000 square feet can be developed at 
the property.

Herongate Mall - Ottawa, Ontario

This 16 acre site consisted of a 196,000 square foot enclosed mall when the property was acquired in 2011. The majority of the 
original building was demolished in two stages in 2012 and 2013 and the property is currently being redeveloped into a 150,000 
square foot new format retail centre. The site is anchored by a 42,000 square foot Food Basics. A 12,000 square foot Pharma 
Plus commenced operations in April 2013. A 12,000 square foot PetSmart and a 10,000 square foot Dollarama commenced 
operations in 2015. Construction on the final phase of the development began in the third quarter of 2016 and the tenants are 
expected to open in 2017. Deals have been completed with a 30,000 square foot GoodLife Fitness and a 2,800 square foot A&W.  

Parkland Mall - Yorkton, Saskatchewan

Parkland Mall is an enclosed shopping centre located in Yorkton, Saskatchewan. A deal has been completed with Save-On-
Foods to backfill a former grocery store premises at the mall. In addition, approximately ten interior mall units will be demolished 
in order to construct a new 20,000 square foot Winners.  Construction is nearing completion and Save-On-Foods and Winners 
are expected to open during the second quarter of 2017.

Place Greenfield Park - Greenfield Park, Quebec

Deals have been completed with a 27,000 square foot JYSK, a 24,000 square foot Giant Tiger, and a 15,000 square foot 
Dollarama to backfill the former 70,000 square foot Grand Marche premises. Construction is underway to reconfigure the unit and 
tenants are expected to commence operations by the fourth quarter of 2017.

Shoppers City East - Ottawa, Ontario

This 19.4 acre site consisted of a 152,000 square foot neighborhood shopping when the property was acquired. Demolition of the 
buildings commenced late in 2013 and was completed in 2016. The property is currently being redeveloped into a 207,000 
square foot new format retail centre.

A conditional deal has been completed with Costco to purchase approximately 14.7 acres of the site. Providing that conditions 
are waived, it is anticipated that Costco will commence construction of a 164,000 square foot store in 2017.

Construction is nearing completion on the remainder of the site that consists of four buildings totaling 43,000 square feet of retail 
space.  A 15,000 square foot Shoppers Drug Mart commenced operations in May 2016. Three additional buildings totaling 28,000 
square feet are expected to commence operations by mid 2017. Deals have been completed with numerous national tenants 
including The Beer Store and Tim Hortons. 

Tanger Outlets - Ottawa, Kanata, Ontario

Construction is nearing completion on a 25,000 square foot Marshall’s. The tenant is projected to open during the second quarter 
of 2017. An additional 33,000 square feet can be developed in the current phase and the property also has an additional ten 
acres that can be redeveloped.

Yonge Sheppard Centre - Toronto, Ontario

The redevelopment plan includes 295,000 square feet of residential rental units and 216,000 square feet of commercial space. 
The site will be anchored by Longo’s, LA Fitness, Winners and Shoppers Drug Mart. Construction on the retail renovation began 
during the first quarter of 2016 and is expected to be completed in 2019. The final site plan agreement is expected to be in place 
by the second quarter of 2017. Construction is expected to begin in the second quarter of 2018 on a 35-storey, 359-unit 
residential rental building. RioCan and KingSett each own 50% of the property.

Former Target Properties

To date, RioCan has agreements in place or in advanced discussions on 47 leases that, when completed, will replace 
approximately 122% of the revenue lost from the major retailer's exit, not including the enhanced common area maintenance and 
realty tax recoveries. Approximately one-third of the replacement rental revenue will be in place by the end of the first quarter of 
2017, including the tenants in possession by the end of 2016, with the majority of the backfilled base rental revenue in place by 
the end of the year. 

The expected cost to complete the redevelopment work related to the 47 leases is currently estimated to be approximately $104 
million at RioCan's interest. A substantial portion of the capital required for the redevelopment work was provided through the net 
settlement proceeds of $88 million (at RioCan’s interest) with Target Corporation, Target’s parent company.  Once the 
redevelopment work is completed, these properties will then move out of the Trust's development portfolio and back into the 
income producing portfolio and we will cease to capitalize interest costs on the properties.

The net result of this event is stronger shopping centres with better appeal, greater cash flow, enhanced diversification, and a 
stronger rent growth profile than the portfolio had previously. 

Excess Density 

In addition to RioCan’s various development projects, the Trust contributes to portfolio growth through the intensification of 
existing properties where RioCan has identified opportunities to increase density or add to an existing asset. This intensification 
of existing properties is an important component of RioCan’s organic growth strategy.  

69
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Residential Development

RioCan has currently identified nearly 50 properties that it considers to be strong possible intensification opportunities, all of which 
are in the six major markets and are typically located in the vicinity of substantive transit infrastructure.  RioCan’s objective is to 
develop approximately 10,000 rental residential units over the next decade. Given the early stage of the evolution of this strategy, 
there can be no assurance that all of these developments will be undertaken, and if they are, on what terms. 

As at the date of this report, RioCan has obtained planning approvals for 11 mixed use projects.  If all planning permission 
requests - including those where approvals have been received and those where applications have been filed - are granted as 
applied for, a total of 10,583,000 square feet of potential development is expected, which will include residential rental units held 
for long-term rental income; condominiums for sale that will, in most cases, be developed by third party partners through the sale 
of air rights; and commercial gross leasable area. The mix between condominiums and rental residential may change over time 
depending on market conditions.  The majority of these properties are located directly on, or in proximity, to major transit lines 
such as the existing Toronto Transit Commission's subway lines or The Crosstown Eglinton LRT line, which is currently under 
construction. The ability to intensify its existing retail properties into transit-oriented mixed use developments is indicative of both 
the locational attributes of RioCan's land holdings and its development capabilities. The figures in the chart below and those 
noted herein are at 100% interest. In some cases, RioCan has co-owners, and therefore, does not hold a 100% interest.  The 
figures in the chart below represent the first planned phase of development with multiple phases.

A summary of our residential development projects is as follows:

Property

Location

RioCan Ownership %
(Partner)

Estimated square feet upon completion of the first
phase of the development project (at 100%)

Yonge Eglinton Northeast Corner (v)

Toronto, ON

50% (Metropia / Bazis)

College & Manning (iii) (v)

Dupont Street (v)

Yonge Sheppard Centre (iv) (v)

King-Portland Centre (iii) (v)

Tillicum Centre (ii) (v)

Markington Square (ii) (v)

Toronto, ON

Toronto, ON

Toronto, ON

Toronto, ON

Victoria, BC

Toronto, ON

Gloucester - Residential (ii) (v)

Gloucester, ON

Fifth & Third (v)

Brentwood Village (ii) (v)

The Well

Sunnybrook Plaza (ii) (v)

Southland Crossing (ii)

Queensway Cineplex (ii)

Calgary, AB

Calgary, AB

Toronto, ON

Toronto, ON

Calgary, AB

Toronto, ON

Mill Woods Town Centre (ii)

Edmonton, AB

Spring Farm Marketplace (ii)

RioCan Grand Park (ii)

Dufferin Plaza (ii)

Elmvale Acres (ii)

Westgate Shopping Centre (ii)

RioCan Scarborough Centre (ii)

RioCan Leaside Centre (ii)

Total

GTA, ON

GTA, ON

Toronto, ON

Ottawa, ON

Ottawa, ON

Toronto, ON

Toronto, ON

Commercial

Residential (i)

Total

56,000

6,000

85,000

216,000

301,000

18,000

2,000

—

184,000

10,000

774,000

57,000

151,000

295,000

116,000

275,000

357,000

216,000

650,000

164,000

830,000

63,000

236,000

511,000

417,000

293,000

359,000

216,000

834,000

174,000

50% (Allied)

100%

50% (KingSett)

50% (Allied)

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

40% (Allied / Diamond)

1,532,000

1,454,000

2,986,000

100%

100%

50% (Talisker)

40% (Bayfield)

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

100%

43,000

20,000

12,000

20,000

25,000

17,000

61,000

29,000

19,000

600,000

132,000

308,000

175,000

216,000

188,000

233,000

268,000

578,000

143,000

159,000

188,000

230,000

351,000

195,000

228,000

208,000

258,000

285,000

639,000

172,000

178,000

788,000

362,000

3,388,000

7,195,000

10,583,000

(i)   Residential gross leasable area (GLA) represents residential rental units that will produce long-term rental income, as well as condominium units 
and/or air rights that will be sold (where applicable). The costs associated with the residential rental units are included in the Urban Intensification 
and Expansion & Redevelopment tables in the Properties Under Development section of this MD&A (where applicable).  

(ii)   The Urban Intensification and Expansion & Redevelopment tables currently do not include potential residential density contemplated for this property, 

but will be updated to include residential density as the development plan is finalized.

(iii)  GLA excludes the square footage that is currently generating income.
(iv)  Commercial square footage to be developed at Sheppard Centre represents redevelopment of existing enclosed mall retail space.
(v)     As at the date of this report, RioCan has obtained planning approvals for the development of this site.

In addition to the estimated square feet indicated in the above table, RioCan intends to file applications on additional properties 
during 2017 and beyond. As these projects are in preliminary stages, there can be no assurance that any of these developments 
will be undertaken and if so, on what terms. Depending on market conditions, management may change the allocation between 
residential rental development and condominium development or air rights sales, or may decide not to proceed with the 
contemplated development.

70
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

 
 
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Residential Inventory

Residential development inventory are properties acquired or developed for which RioCan intends to dispose of all or part of such 
properties in the ordinary course of business, rather than hold on a long term basis for capital appreciation or for rental income 
purposes. It is expected that the Trust will earn a return on these assets through a combination of property operating income 
earned during the relatively short holding period, which will be included in net income and sales proceeds. As at December 31, 
2016, the Trust's residential development inventory consists of 623 pre-sold condominium units at our Yonge Eglinton Northeast 
Corner development with Metropia and Bazis Inc.. 

Transfers of investment properties into residential inventory are based on a change in use evidenced by management's strategic 
intent, together with the commencement of development activities with a view to sell, at which point an investment property would 
be transferred to inventory.  Transfers from inventory to investment property are based on a change in use evidenced by 
management's commitment to use a property for rental purposes or the commencement of an operating lease to another party.  

Presented below are the carrying amounts of the Trust's residential inventory by property:

(thousands of dollars)

As at

Condominium units at Yonge Eglinton Northeast Corner

Townhomes at Stouffville Residential Lands

Stouffville Residential Lands

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

$

$

48,414 $

—

48,414 $

37,290

7,986

45,276

This project is comprised of a pre-sold townhouse development consisting of 272 units. During 2016, the final 93 townhomes 
were closed (18 during the fourth quarter of 2016) resulting in cumulative life-to-date operating income of $2.7 million recognized 
on the sale of all townhomes, at RioCan's ownership. 

Mortgages and Loans Receivable 

RioCan’s Declaration contains provisions that have the effect of limiting the aggregate value of the investment by the Trust in 
mortgages, other than mortgages taken back on the sale of RioCan’s properties, to a maximum of 30% of Adjusted Unitholders’ 
Equity, as defined in the Properties Under Development section in this MD&A. Additionally, RioCan is limited to the amount of 
capital that can be invested in greenfield developments and development properties held for resale to no more than 15% of the 
book value of RioCan's total consolidated unitholders’ equity, and this limitation also applies to any mortgages receivable to fund 
the co-owners’ share of such developments referred to as mezzanine financing. At December 31, 2016, RioCan was in 
compliance with these restrictions. 

Contractual mortgages and loans receivable as at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015 are comprised of the following: 

(thousands of dollars)

Mezzanine financing to co-owners

Vendor-take-back and other

Total

Contractual rates

Low

High

0%

4%

0%

7%

5%

7%

Weighted
Average

Rate December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015
5.1% $
124,245
107,745

$

4.5%

5.0% $

10,272

118,017

$

5,013

129,258

Prior to maturity, payments on these mortgages and loans receivable from co-owners are made from the cash flows generated 
from operations and capital transactions relating to the underlying properties. 

CAPITAL RESOURCES AND LIQUIDITY  

Liquidity and Cash Management  

RioCan maintains a committed revolving bank facility to provide financial liquidity. These can be drawn or repaid at short notice, 
reducing the need to hold liquid resources in cash and deposits. This minimizes costs arising from the difference between 
borrowing and deposit rates, while reducing credit exposure. 

Capital Management Framework  

RioCan defines capital as the aggregate of common unitholder and preferred unitholders’ equity and debt. The Trust’s capital 
management framework is designed to maintain a level of capital that: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

complies with investment and debt restrictions pursuant to the Trust’s Declaration; 

complies with debt covenants; 

enables RioCan to achieve target credit ratings; 

funds the Trust’s business strategies; and 

builds long-term unitholder value. 

The key elements of RioCan’s capital management framework are set out in the Trust’s Declaration, and/or approved by the 
Trust’s Board, through the Board’s annual review of the strategic plan and budget, supplemented by periodic Board and related 
committee meetings. Capital adequacy is monitored by management of the Trust by assessing performance against the approved 

71
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

annual plan throughout the year, which is updated accordingly, and by monitoring adherence to investment and debt restrictions 
contained in the Declaration and debt covenants (refer to note 24 of RioCan's 2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements). 
In selecting appropriate funding choices, RioCan’s objective is to manage its capital structure in such a way so as to diversify its 
funding sources while minimizing its funding costs and risks. For 2017, RioCan expects to be able to satisfy all of its financing 
requirements through the use of some or all of the following: cash on hand, cash generated by operations, refinancing of 
maturing debt, utilization of its operating line, construction financing facilities, sale of non-core properties, and through public 
offerings of unsecured debentures and common equity. If market conditions become challenging, the Trust could finance certain 
assets currently unencumbered by debt or issue preferred units. 

Capital Structure 

As at December 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, RioCan’s capital structure is as follows (includes both continuing and 
discontinued operations):

(thousands of dollars)

IFRS

RioCan's proportionate share

As at

Capital:

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015 December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015

Mortgages payable and lines of credit

$

3,405,568

$

4,164,669

$

3,481,026

$

4,229,926

Mortgages on properties held for sale:

U.S. (disposal group)

Canada

Debentures payable

Total debt

Preferred unit equity

Common unit equity

Total capital

Total assets

Cash and equivalents

—

—

2,248,024

5,653,592

144,755
7,865,133

1,224,667

23,968

2,000,066

7,413,370

265,451

7,660,588

—

—

2,248,024

5,729,050

144,755

7,865,133

$

$

$

13,663,480

14,173,760

54,366

$

$

$

15,339,409

15,996,491

83,318

$

$

$

13,738,938

14,249,875

55,463

$

$

$

Ratio of total debt to total assets 
(net of cash and cash equivalents)

Ratio of floating rate debt to total debt

39.7%

13.8%

46.1%

14.0%

40.0%

14.3%

1,224,667

23,968

2,000,066

7,478,627

265,451

7,660,588

15,404,666

16,063,873

85,336

46.3%

14.4%

As at December 31, 2016, RioCan's ratio of floating rate debt to total debt remained relatively flat at 13.8% (14.0% as at 
December 31, 2015), as a result of the Trust repaying a portion of floating rate debt with the net sales proceeds generated from 
the U.S. asset sale, largely offset by higher operating credit facility draws associated with property acquisitions and development 
costs. Also in connection with the Trust repaying debt during 2016, our overall debt leverage has been reduced from 46.3% as at 
December 31, 2015 to 40.0% as at December 31, 2016, as determined on a RioCan proportionate share basis.

We expect our total debt to total asset ratio to fluctuate going forward between 38% to approximately 42%. Over the next 12 to 18 
months, we expect this ratio to rise toward the higher end of the range, primarily as a result of funding of our development 
program. 

RioCan continues to utilize floating interest rate debt for the purpose of interest rate risk management and for the flexibility it 
offers in the execution of investment transactions. 

Debt and Leverage Metrics 

RioCan’s debt and leverage metrics are tracked and disclosed on a quarterly basis to help facilitate financial statement users’ and 
stakeholders’ understanding of RioCan’s leverage and its ability to service such leverage. These metrics include ratios measuring 
interest coverage, debt service coverage, fixed charge coverage, debt to adjusted EBITDA, operating debt to operating EBITDA 
and unencumbered assets to unsecured debt.

72
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Presented below are the Trust's key debt and leverage metrics presented on both an IFRS and RioCan's proportionate share 
basis in comparison to our targeted ratios:

Interest coverage (i)

Debt service coverage (i)

Fixed charge coverage (i)

Debt to adjusted EBITDA (i)

Operating debt to operating EBITDA (i)

Common unitholder distributions as a percentage of

AFFO

Rolling 12 months ended

IFRS

RioCan's proportionate share

December 31, December 31, December 31, December 31,

2016

3.38

2.62

1.10

8.04

7.68

2015

3.06

2.36

1.10

8.35

7.94

2016

3.36

2.61

1.10

8.10

7.74

2015

3.07

2.37

1.11

8.34

7.93

Targeted
Ratios

   >3.00x

   >2.25x

   >1.10x

<8.0x

   <6.5x

<90%

91.4%

90.4%

91.4%

90.4%

(thousands of dollars)

As at

Unencumbered assets

Unsecured debt:

Unsecured debentures

Amounts drawn on unsecured operating facility

Total unsecured debt outstanding

Unencumbered assets to unsecured debt

  >200%

% NOI expected to be generated from
unencumbered assets (ii)

> 50%

IFRS

December 31, December 31,

2016

2015

$ 6,625,322

$ 3,321,413

$ 2,250,000

$ 2,000,000

505,185

—

$ 2,755,185

$ 2,000,000

240%

166%

49.5%

25.1%

(i)  Refer to section Non-GAAP Measures in this MD&A for further details. See tables below for calculation of adjusted and operating EBITDA for the 

respective periods.

(ii)  Ratio is calculated on a continuing operations basis.  Given the substantial increase in the amount of our unencumbered assets due to 

repayments of secured debt, as well as our conversion from secured credit facilities to an unsecured facility, we have introduced a target relating 
to the percentage of the portfolio's NOI that is generated from unencumbered assets.

The interest and debt service coverage ratios calculated on an IFRS basis for the year ended December 31, 2016 have improved 
compared to December 31, 2015 mainly due to lower interest and debt service costs as a result of the repayment of debt using 
the net proceeds from the U.S. sale and interest savings from mortgage refinancings, partially offset by a decrease in adjusted 
EBITDA mainly in connection with our U.S. property portfolio disposition. 

The fixed charge coverage ratio calculated on an IFRS basis has remained flat for the year ended December 31, 2016 compared 
to December 31, 2015. Although our interest costs have been reduced as discussed above, our common and preferred unitholder 
distributions, in aggregate, have remained largely unchanged over the comparable twelve month period.  The lower total fixed 
charges (interests plus unitholder distributions) was mostly offset by the lower adjusted EBITDA over the comparable period, 
leaving the fixed coverage ratio largely flat.

Debt to adjusted EBITDA has decreased to 8.04 for the year ended December 31, 2016 mainly as a result of lower average debt 
outstanding more than offset by a decline in adjusted EBITDA during the year in connection with the U.S. portfolio sale.  This ratio 
is likely to improve over the next 12 to 18 months as gains on the sale of marketable securities, the annualized impact of 
acquisitions and same property growth more than offset the loss of EBITDA from the U.S. property portfolio sale.

The unencumbered assets to unsecured debt increased from 166% as of December 31, 2015 to 240% as of December 31, 2016, 
above our target ratio of 200%.  The percentage NOI expected to be generated from unencumbered assets has also improved 
from 25.1% as of December 31, 2015 to 49.5% as of December 31, 2016.  The improvements are a result of the following:

• 

• 

• 

the sale of our U.S. portfolio and repayment of related mortgages,

the utilization of U.S. net sales proceeds to pay down secured Canadian mortgages, and 

the conversion from a secured credit facility to unsecured credit facility during June 2016, which enabled RioCan to 
unencumber multiple investment properties that were previously designated as collateral for the former secured credit 
facilities.

As part of its capital management strategy, it is RioCan’s objective to further improve its leverage, unencumbered assets and 
coverage ratios. The Trust’s objective is to achieve the targeted ratios indicated in the above table over time. In particular, we 
anticipate achieving our target of having 50% of NOI generated from unencumbered assets in 2017.

73
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

The following tables present a reconciliation of consolidated net income from continuing and discontinued operations attributable 
to unitholders to Adjusted and Operating EBITDA:

Year ended December 31,

2016

2015

(thousands of dollars)

Continuing
Operations

Discontinued
Operations

Total

Continuing
Operations

Discontinued
Operations

Total

Net income (loss) attributable to unitholders

$

683,060 $

147,687 $ 830,747 $

416,892 $ (275,129) $ 141,763

IFRS

Add (deduct) the following items:

Income tax expenses (recovery):

Current

Deferred

—

135,139

135,139

(3,850)

(230,675)

(234,525)

Fair value (gains) losses on properties, net

(182,888)

(16,899)

(199,787)

Accrued property taxes under IFRIC 21

Foreign exchange gains related to realty taxes (i)

Leasing costs

Non-cash unit based compensation expense

—

—

10,931

1,640

26,321

(1,176)

706

—

26,321

(1,176)

11,637

1,640

—

1,290

91,548

—

—

9,750

4,741

8,478

230,474

147,060

—

(1,176)

2,022

6

8,478

231,764

238,608

—

(1,176)

11,772

4,747

Interest costs

Long-term debt redemption costs

Depreciation and amortization

Foreign exchange loss

Transaction (gains) losses on the sale of

investment properties, net (ii)

Target settlement proceeds, net

Transaction costs on investment properties

179,527

18,927

198,454

186,772

49,253

236,025

—

4,386

—

—

12

—

—

4,398

—

9,929

4,434

131

—

221

—

9,929

4,655

131

(6,075)

(65,116)

(71,191)

2,631

—

8,165

—

—

(88,267)

53,562

61,727

8,458

(7,528)

—

3,487

(4,897)

(88,267)

11,945

Adjusted EBITDA

$

694,896 $

68,488 $ 763,384 $

648,309 $

157,168 $ 805,477

Less: Other transaction gains (iii)

(12,670)

(1,288)

(13,958)

(5,974)

Addback: Costs related to properties under

development (iv)

Operating EBITDA

Debt and operating debt is calculated as follows:

Average debt outstanding

Less: average cash and cash equivalents

Debt, net of cash and cash equivalents

Less: debt related to properties under

development (v)

Operating debt

2,694

—

2,694

3,339

$

684,920 $

67,200 $ 752,120 $

645,674 $

157,168 $ 802,842

$ 6,200,515

(60,710)

6,139,805

(366,476)

$ 5,773,329

$ 6,788,647

(60,168)

6,728,479

(350,577)

$ 6,377,902

—

—

(5,974)

3,339

(i)  Relates to the favourable impact of foreign exchange for the period based on the timing of U.S. realty tax payments.
Includes transaction gains and losses realized on the disposal of Canadian and U.S. investment properties.   
(ii) 
Includes residential inventory transaction gains, realized gains on the sale of marketable securities, the extinguishment of a U.S. mortgage and 
(iii) 
corresponding interest rate swap and gains and losses related to our equity accounted investments in the WhiteCastle Funds.

(iv)  The Trust adjusts for certain costs not capitalized for IFRS on excess density projects identified for future potential development that, in 

management's view, form part of the capital cost of these projects. 

(v)  Allocated based on the ratio of Debt to Total Assets and applied to properties under development.

74
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Year ended December 31,

(thousands of dollars)

RioCan's proportionate share

2016

2015

Continuing
Operations

Discontinued
Operations

Total

Continuing
Operations

Discontinued
Operations

Total

Net income (loss) attributable to unitholders

$

683,060 $

147,687 $ 830,747 $

416,892 $ (275,129) $ 141,763

Add (deduct) the following items:

Income tax expenses (recovery):

Current

Deferred

—

135,139

135,139

(3,850)

(230,675)

(234,525)

Fair value (gain) loss on investment property, net

(183,643)

(15,207)

(198,850)

Accrued property taxes under IFRIC 21

Foreign exchange gains related to realty taxes (i)

Leasing costs

Non-cash unit based compensation expense

—

—

10,931

1,640

26,321

(1,176)

706

—

26,321

(1,176)

11,637

1,640

—

1,290

91,546

—

—

9,750

4,741

8,478

230,474

153,106

—

(1,176)

2,022

6

8,478

231,764

244,652

—

(1,176)

11,772

4,747

Interest costs

Long-term debt redemption costs

Depreciation and amortization

Foreign exchange loss

Transaction (gains) losses on the sale of

investment properties, net (ii)

Target settlement proceeds, net

Transaction costs

Adjusted EBITDA

181,496

18,927

200,423

188,410

49,253

237,663

—

4,386

—

—

12

—

—

4,398

—

9,929

4,434

131

—

221

—

9,929

4,655

131

(6,075)

(65,116)

(71,191)

2,631

—

8,165

—

—

(88,267)

53,562

61,727

8,458

(7,528)

—

3,487

(4,897)

(88,267)

11,945

$

696,110 $

70,180 $ 766,290 $

649,945 $

163,214 $ 813,159

Adjust: Other transaction gains (iii)

(12,670)

(1,288)

(13,958)

(5,974)

Adjust: Items related to properties under

development (iv)

Operating EBITDA

Net debt and net operating debt is calculated as

follows:

Average debt outstanding

Less: average cash and cash equivalents

Net debt

Less: debt related to properties under

development (v)

Net operating debt

2,697

—

2,697

3,339

$

686,137 $

68,892 $ 755,029 $

647,310 $

163,214 $ 810,524

$ 6,271,581

(62,165)

6,209,416

(366,476)

$ 5,842,940

$ 6,841,991

(62,244)

6,779,747

(350,577)

$ 6,429,170

—

—

(5,974)

3,339

(i)     Relates to the favourable impact of foreign exchange during the year based on the timing of U.S. realty tax payments.
(ii) 
(iii) 

Includes transaction gains and losses realized on the disposal of Canadian and U.S. investment properties.   
Includes residential inventory transaction gains, realized gains on the sale of marketable securities, the extinguishment of a U.S. mortgage and 
corresponding interest rate swap and gains and losses related to our equity accounted investments in the WhiteCastle Funds.

(iv)  The Trust adjusts for certain costs not capitalized for IFRS on excess density projects identified for future potential development that, in 

management's view, form part of the capital cost of these projects.

(v)  Allocated based on the ratio of Debt to Total Assets and applied to properties under development.

Credit Ratings

RioCan intends to maintain strong debt service coverage and fixed charge coverage ratios as part of its commitment to 
maintaining its investment-grade debt ratings from Standard and Poor’s (S&P) and from Dominion Bond Rating Services Limited 
(DBRS). A credit rating generally provides an indication of the risk that the borrower will not fulfill its obligations in a timely manner 
with respect to both interest and principal commitments. Rating categories range from highest credit quality (generally AAA) to 
default payment (generally D). 

As at December 31, 2016, S&P provided RioCan with an issuer credit rating of BBB with a Stable outlook.  On December 2, 
2016, S&P raised the ratings on RioCan's senior unsecured debentures (Debentures) from BBB- to BBB.  An obligor with a credit 
rating of BBB by S&P exhibits adequate capacity to meet its financial obligations, however, adverse economic conditions or 
changing circumstances are more likely to lead to a weakened capacity of the obligor to meet its financial commitment on the 
obligation. A credit rating of BBB- or higher is an investment grade rating. 

As at December 31, 2016, DBRS provided RioCan with a credit rating of BBB (high) relating to the Debentures with a Stable 
trend. A credit rating of BBB by DBRS is generally an indication of adequate credit quality, the capacity for the payment of 
financial obligations is considered acceptable but the entity may be vulnerable to future events. 

75
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Credit Facility

On June 1, 2016, the Trust entered into a new $1.0 billion unsecured operating credit facility (also referred to as "line of credit") 
with six Canadian Schedule I financial institutions, which replaced five secured operating credit facilities.  The new facility has an 
interest rate based on a pricing grid depending on RioCan's credit rating and the type of borrowing utilized, with the current rates 
for Canadian dollar Banker's Acceptances and US dollar LIBOR loans being 120 basis points over the underlying rate.  The 
facility has a five-year term to maturity and a one-year extension option.  The unsecured operating credit facility agreement 
requires the Trust to maintain certain financial covenants in accordance with the credit facility agreement. Refer to note 24 of the 
2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details.

As at December 31, 2016, RioCan had cash advances and letters of credit outstanding of $505 million and $0.4 million, 
respectively, and $494 million in cash available to be drawn from this credit facility.

Letters of Credit

The Trust has aggregate letter of credit facilities with certain Schedule I banks totaling $81 million.  As at December 31, 2016, the 
Trust’s outstanding letters of credit under these facilities was $29 million (December 31, 2015 - $29 million).  

Debentures Payable 

We have the following series of senior unsecured debentures outstanding as at December 31, 2016 in connection with our 
Canadian continuing operations:

Series
P
S
Q
U
X
R
V
T
W
I

Maturity date
March 1, 2017
March 5, 2018
June 28, 2019
June 1, 2020
August  26, 2020
December 13, 2021
May 30, 2022
April 18, 2023
February 12, 2024
February 6, 2026

Coupon rate
3.800%
2.870%
3.850%
3.620%
2.185%
3.716%
3.746%
3.725%
3.287%
5.953%

Interest payment frequency

   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual

Principal amount
150,000
250,000
350,000
150,000
250,000
250,000
250,000
200,000
300,000
100,000
2,250,000

$

$

As at December 31, 2016, RioCan had debentures outstanding totalling $2.2 billion, net of unamortized debt financing costs 
(December 31, 2015 – $2.0 billion). 

Changes in the carrying amount of debentures resulted primarily from the following: 

(thousands of dollars)

Balance, beginning of period

Issuances

Repayments

Foreign currency translation

Contractual obligations

Unamortized debt financing costs

Balance, end of period

Three months ended December 31,

Year ended December 31, 

2016

2015

2016

2015

$

2,250,000 $

2,000,000 $

2,000,000 $

1,865,990

—

—

—

—

—

—

2,250,000

(1,976)

2,000,000

66

250,000

—

—

2,250,000

(1,976)

475,000

(349,900)

8,910

2,000,000

66

$

2,248,024 $

2,000,066 $

2,248,024 $

2,000,066

The debentures have covenants relating to our 60% leverage limit to Aggregate Assets as set out in RioCan’s Declaration, the 
maintenance of a $1.0 billion Adjusted Book Equity, defined in the indenture, and maintenance of an interest coverage ratio of 
1.65 times or better. There are no requirements under the unsecured debenture covenants that require RioCan to maintain 
unencumbered assets. The Series I debentures, which are due in 2026 and aggregate $100 million, have an additional provision 
that provides RioCan with the right, at any time, to convert these debentures to mortgage debt, subject to the acceptability of the 
security given to the debenture holders. In such an event, the covenants relating to the 60% leverage limit, minimum book equity 
and interest coverage ratio would be eliminated for this series of debentures. 

Issuance

On August 26, 2016, the Trust issued $250 million of Series X senior unsecured debentures, which mature on August 26, 2020 
and carry a coupon rate of 2.185%. The interest on these debentures is payable semi-annually commencing February 26, 2017. 
The net proceeds were used by RioCan to fund development, property acquisitions, repayment of certain indebtedness and other 
general trust purposes.

Subsequent to December 31, 2016, the Trust issued $300 million of Series Y senior unsecured debentures, which mature on 
October 3, 2022 and carry a coupon rate of 2.83%. The interest on these debentures is payable semi-annually commencing April 
3, 2017. This series of debentures has the same covenants as the rest of the series of debentures and does not have the 
additional covenants for Series I debentures, as noted earlier.

76
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Mortgages Payable and Lines of Credit 

Canadian mortgages payable and lines of credit consist of the following and are presented net of unamortized financing costs:

As at

Line of credit

Construction lines and other bank loans

Mortgages payable

Mortgages on Canadian properties held for sale

Fixed rate mortgages

Floating rate mortgages, line of credit, construction lines and other bank loans

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015

$

$

$

$

$

502,359 $

203,274

2,699,935

3,405,568 $

—

3,405,568 $

2,627,591 $

777,977

3,405,568 $

561,389

182,622

3,420,658

4,164,669

23,968

4,188,637

3,230,492

958,145

4,188,637

The weighted average contractual and effective rates for fixed and floating rate mortgages payable and lines of credit are as 
follows: 

As at December 31,

Fixed rate

Floating rate

Total

Contractual

2016

4.07%

1.81%

3.55%

2015

4.17%

1.79%

3.63%

Effective

2016

3.98%

1.81%

3.49%

2015

4.36%

1.79%

3.71%

For the three months and year ended December 31, 2016, RioCan's new mortgage borrowings and operating line draws for its 
Canadian operations are as follows:  

Three months ended December 31, 2016

Year ended December 31, 2016

Contractual
Amount

Weighted
average
contractual
interest rate

Average
term to
maturity
in years

Contractual
Amount

Weighted
average
contractual
interest rate

Average
term to
maturity
in years

(thousands of dollars, except other data)

New borrowings:

Fixed rate term mortgages

$

Floating rate term mortgages

Construction financing

Operating lines of credit and other

bank loans

New borrowings

Aggregate new borrowings:

Fixed rate debt

Floating rate debt

Aggregate new borrowings debt

—

—

10,032

228,892

$

238,924

$

$

—

238,924

238,924

—%

—%

2.20%

1.93%

1.94%

—%

1.94%

1.94%

— $

—

2.20

91,300

72,590

27,294

4.40

1,118,712

— $ 1,309,896

— $

91,300

4.31

1,218,596

— $ 1,309,896

2.98%

2.21%

2.23%

1.75%

1.87%

2.98%

1.78%

1.87%

5.85

2.09

1.84

2.41

—

5.85

2.39

—

77
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Changes in the carrying amount of the Canadian and U.S. mortgages payable and lines of credit resulted primarily from the 
following: 

(thousands of dollars)

2016

2015

2016

2015

Contractual obligations, beginning of period

$

3,346,731 $

4,661,538 $

5,398,642 $

4,576,115

Three months ended December 31,

Year ended December 31,

New borrowings:

Fixed rate term mortgages – Canada

Fixed rate term mortgages – U.S.

Floating rate term mortgages – Canada

Construction lines

Advances on operating line of credit and other bank

loans

Principal repayments:

Scheduled amortization

Operating lines of credit and other bank loans

At maturity: Fixed rate term mortgages

Construction financing

Disposed on the sale of properties located in:

Canada

U.S.

Assumed on the acquisition of properties

Foreign currency translation (gain) loss

Contractual obligations, end of period

Unamortized differential between contractual and market
interest rates on liabilities assumed at the acquisition
of properties

Unamortized debt financing costs, net of premiums and

discounts

Balance, end of period

Less: Mortgages associated with properties held for sale:

Canada

U.S.

—

—

—

10,032

9,900

14,262

—

10,248

91,300

—

72,590

27,294

343,776

268,094

—

43,140

228,892

461,296

1,118,712

817,296

(14,685)

(10,000)

(165,453)

—

—

—

—

—

(19,046)

(26,529)

(16,446)

(15,088)

—

—

262,802

55,705

3,395,517

5,398,642

(65,111)

(1,154,814)

(890,420)

(15,469)

(29,359)

(1,119,562)

62,697

(100,983)

3,395,517

(78,245)

(341,830)

(608,616)

(17,334)

(155,117)

—

286,986

264,377

5,398,642

16,658

31,626

16,658

31,626

(6,607)

(16,964)

(6,607)

(16,964)

$

3,405,568 $

5,413,304 $

3,405,568 $

5,413,304

—

—

23,968

1,224,667

—

—

$

3,405,568 $

4,164,669 $

3,405,568 $

23,968

1,224,667

4,164,669

At the outset of 2016, RioCan had $484 million of mortgage principal maturing in 2016 at a weighted average contractual interest 
rate of 4.50%. For the year ended December 31, 2016, RioCan secured new term mortgage borrowings of $164 million at a 
weighted average interest rate of 2.64% and a weighted average term of 4.2 years, which include two floating rate mortgages for 
$73 million having a weighted average term of 2.09 years. For the year ended December 31, 2016, repayments of maturing 
mortgage balances and scheduled amortization amounted to $956 million. 

Hedging Activities 

Interest rate risk 

As at December 31, 2016, the outstanding notional amount of floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps was $683 million (December 
31, 2015 – $993 million) and the term to maturity of these agreements ranges from April 2017 to October 2023. We assess the 
effectiveness of the hedging relationship on a quarterly basis and have determined there is no ineffectiveness in the hedging of 
its interest rate exposure as at December 31, 2016.

Refer to note 23 of the 2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2016 for further details. 

Foreign currency risk 

Foreign exchange risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate because of changes in 
foreign exchange rates.  As a result of the Trust's disposal of its U.S. property portfolio, repayment of U.S. denominated debt and 
exit from its U.S. operations, RioCan has significantly reduced its foreign exchange risk.

For further details, refer to note 23 of the 2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements for the year ended December 31, 2016.

Cross currency interest rate swaps

On occasion, we will fund our Canadian assets by electing to draw on our unsecured credit facility in US dollars bearing interest 
at US LIBOR when it is determined that the differential between Canadian and U.S. interest rates makes it economically 
advantageous to do so.

78
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Trust entered into cross currency interest rate swaps as part of its strategy to 
hedge any U.S. dollar denominated borrowings from the Trust's unsecured operating credit facility. These have the economic 
effect of converting floating rate U.S. dollar borrowings to floating rate Canadian dollar borrowings. These cash flow hedges are 
short-term in nature and qualify for hedge accounting. These hedges are expected to be highly effective since all critical terms of 
the hedged item and hedging instrument match. All such designated hedging relationships were effective as of the reporting date, 
with a total U.S. dollar principal value of US$365 million. 

Canadian Debt Profile

As at December 31, 2016, RioCan’s Aggregate Debt had a 3.42 year weighted average term to maturity (December 31, 2015 – 
3.55 years) bearing interest at a weighted average contractual interest rate of 3.54% (December 31, 2015 – 3.65%).  As at 
December 31, 2016, 13.8% of the Trust’s Aggregate Debt is at floating interest rates compared to 14.0% at December 31, 2015.

We temporarily increased our debt levels during the first half of 2016 through increased use of floating rate operating lines to fund 
the Kimco portfolio acquisition and the redemption of our Series A preferred units.  Proceeds generated from the U.S. asset sale 
and our Series X debentures were mostly used to repay operating lines of credit. This repayment activity during the period was 
partly offset by higher operating credit facility draws associated with property acquisitions and development costs, resulting in a 
slightly reduced weighting of floating rate debt in our overall portfolio from December 31, 2015.

RioCan's fixed and floating rate debt as a percentage of total Aggregate Debt and term to maturity are as follows:

As at December 31, 2016

Aggregate debt at:

Fixed rate debt

Floating rate debt

Aggregate debt

Aggregate debt

Percentage of total
RioCan's aggregate debt

Weighted average
term to maturity in years

$

$

4,875,615

777,977

5,653,592

86.2%

13.8%

100%

3.43

3.35

3.42

The weighted average contractual and effective rates for fixed and floating aggregate debt including mortgages payable, lines of 
credit, debentures and the impact of hedging programs, where applicable, are as follows: 

As at December 31, 

Fixed rate

Floating rate

Total

Contractual

Effective

2016

3.81%

1.81%

3.54%

2015

3.90%

1.79%

3.65%

2016

3.77%

1.85%

3.50%

2015

3.92%

1.80%

3.71%

RioCan’s debt maturity profile and future repayments are as outlined below: 

Contractual principal maturities and interest rates (i)

(thousands of dollars, except
percentage amounts)

Fixed rate

Floating rate

Mortgages
payable

Weighted
average
interest
rate

Mortgages
payable,
bank loans
and lines of
credit

Weighted
average
interest
rate

Scheduled
principal
amortization

Total
mortgages
payable,
bank loans
and lines of
credit

Weighted
average
interest
rate

Debentures
payable

Weighted
average
interest
rate

Total
mortgages,
bank loans,
lines of credit
and
debentures
payable

Weighted
average
interest
rate

As at December 31, 2016

Year ending December 31:

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter

$

702,743

4.18%

$

163,595

1.24% $

64,088 $

930,426

3.66% $

150,000

3.80% $

1,080,426

447,327

263,179

425,840

348,782

256,041

3.86%

4.38%

3.71%

4.42%

3.89%

50,000

39,679

22,590

505,185

—

2.13%

2.13%

2.38%

1.92%

—%

44,730

32,724

17,836

6,992

4,186

542,057

335,582

466,266

860,959

260,227

3.70%

4.11%

3.64%

2.95%

3.89%

250,000

350,000

400,000

250,000

850,000

2.87%

3.85%

2.72%

792,057

685,582

866,266

3.72%

1,110,959

3.84%

1,110,227

$ 2,443,912

4.07%

$

781,049

1.81% $

170,556 $ 3,395,517

3.55% $ 2,250,000

3.52% $

5,645,517

3.68%

3.44%

3.98%

3.22%

3.12%

3.85%

3.54%

Unamortized differential between contractual and market interest rates on liabilities assumed at the acquisition of properties

Unamortized debt financing costs, net of premiums and discounts

Balance

(i)  Amounts for 2017 also include due on demand facilities.

16,658

(8,583)

$

5,653,592

As at December 31, 2016, our mortgages payable and lines of credit including mortgages associated with properties held for sale 
was $3.4 billion ($4.2 billion as at December 31, 2015). The majority of our mortgage debt provides recourse to the assets of the 
Trust, as opposed to only having recourse to the specific property charged. We follow this policy as it generally results in lower 
interest rates that could otherwise be obtained. 

79
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Trust Units

As at December 31, 2016, there are 327 million common trust units outstanding, including exchangeable limited partnership units.  
All common units outstanding have equal rights and privileges and entitle the holder to one vote for each unit at all meetings of 
unitholders. During the quarter and year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, we issued common units as follows: 

(number of units in thousands)

Units outstanding, beginning of period (i)

Units issued:

Distribution reinvestment plan

Unit option plan

Direct purchase plan

Exchangeable limited partnership units

Units outstanding, end of period (i)

Three months ended December 31,

Year ended December 31,

2016

325,845

2015

321,051

2016

322,483

551

202

17

—

1,420

—

12

—

2,399

1,671

36

26

326,615

322,483

326,615

2015

315,986

5,443

1,019

35
—
322,483

(i) 

Included in units outstanding are exchangeable limited partnership units of three limited partnerships that are subsidiaries of the Trust (the “LP 
units”) which were issued to vendors, as partial consideration for income properties acquired by RioCan (December 31, 2016 – 1,164,010 LP 
units, December 31, 2015 – 1,137,871 LP units). RioCan is the general partner of the limited partnerships. The LP units are entitled to distributions 
equivalent to distributions on RioCan units, must be exchanged for RioCan units on a one-for-one basis and are exchangeable at any time at the 
option of the holder. 

During the three months ended December 31, 2016, 0.6 million units were issued pursuant to our distribution reinvestment plan 
("DRIP") resulting in $7.1 million in equity capital and representing a participation rate of 6.2%. During the same period in 2015, 
the Trust issued 1.4 million units resulting in $35 million in equity capital, representing a participation rate of 30.6%. During the 
first quarter of 2016, we eliminated our 3.1% discount on the distribution reinvestment plan, resulting in a decline in our DRIP 
participation rate for the quarter.  Refer to the Distributions to Unitholders section of this MD&A for further details on changes to 
the Trust's distribution reinvestment plan.

During the year ended December 31, 2016, 2.4 million units were issued pursuant to our DRIP resulting in $61 million in equity 
capital and representing a participation rate of 13.3%.  During the same period in 2015, the Trust issued 5.4 million units resulting 
in $143 million in equity capital, representing a participation rate of 31.5%.

As of February 15, 2017, there are 326.8 million common units issued and 8.3 million unit options issued and outstanding under 
the Trust’s incentive unit option plan.

Unit Options

The Trust provides long-term incentives to certain employees by granting options through the Incentive Unit Option Plan (the 
"Plan"). The objective of granting unit-based compensation is to encourage Plan members to acquire an ownership interest in 
RioCan over time and provides a financial incentive for such persons to act in the long-term interests of RioCan and its 
unitholders. The exercise price for each option is equal to the volume weighted average trading price of the units on the Toronto 
Stock Exchange for the five trading days immediately preceding the date of grant except for those options granted prior to 
May 27, 2009 which have an exercise price equal to the closing price of our units on the date prior to the day the option was 
granted. 

As at December 31, 2016, 11.6 million unit options remain available for grant under the Plan (December 31, 2015 – 12.6 million 
unit options). During the year ended December 31, 2016, 1.7 million units were issued pursuant to exercises of the incentive unit 
options, compared to 1.0 million units issued during the same period in 2015. 

Executive compensation plan 

The Trust grants performance equity units (PEUs) under the PEU Plan with a three-year performance period for certain senior 
executives. The PEUs will be subject to both internal and external measures consisting of both absolute and relative performance 
over a three-year period, which upon vesting are cash settled.  

RioCan accounts for this plan under the fair value method of accounting, which uses the Monte-Carlo simulation pricing model to 
determine the fair value of market-based awards. The Monte-Carlo simulation pricing model uses the same input assumptions as 
the Black-Scholes model; however, it allows for the incorporation of the market-based performance hurdles that must be met 
before the PEU vests in the holder. Pursuant to IFRS, compensation costs related to awards with a market-based condition are 
recognized regardless of whether the market condition is satisfied, provided that the requisite service has been provided and all 
performance conditions have been satisfied. 

During February 2016, we granted 0.2 million performance equity units (PEUs) under our PEU Plan at an IFRS fair value of $5.3 
million, where PEUs will fully vest in February 2019 with one-third vested each year over the three-year period. 

Normal course issuer bid

On October 18, 2016, RioCan announced the TSX approval of its notice of intention to make a normal course issuer bid (NCIB) 
for a portion of its common trust units as appropriate opportunities arise from time to time. See note 13 in RioCan's 2016 Annual 
Consolidated Financial Statements as at and for the year ended December 31, 2016 for further details. 

80
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Preferred Units 

On March 31, 2016, the Trust exercised its option to redeem all 5 million outstanding Series A preferred trust units at the cash 
redemption price of $25.00 per Series A preferred trust unit, for total cash proceeds of $125 million paid on April 1, 2016. Unit 
issue costs totaling $4.3 million were recorded as a charge to retained earnings upon redemption, representing the excess of par 
redemption value over the carrying value of the preferred trust units.

Guarantees 

As at December 31, 2016, the maximum exposure to loss resulting from the Trust's mortgage guarantees, on behalf of certain of 
our co-owners' interests and mortgages assumed by purchasers on property dispositions, is approximately $428 million, with 
expiries between 2017 and 2034 (December 31, 2015 - $457 million). The maximum exposure to credit risk relating to a 
guarantee is the maximum risk of loss if there was a total default, without consideration of recoveries under recourse provisions 
against the aforementioned parties.  During the year ended December 31, 2016, we both disposed of and acquired interests in 
certain properties which, on a net basis, reduced our maximum exposure to loss under guarantees.

As at December 31, 2016 and during 2016, there have been no defaults by the primary obligors for debts on which we have 
provided guarantees and, as a result, no contingent loss on these guarantees has been recognized in our 2016 Annual 
Consolidated Financial Statements. 

The parties on behalf of which RioCan has outstanding guarantees are as follows:

(thousands of dollars)

As at

Partners and co-owners

HBC

KingSett

Bayfield

Metropia and Bazis

Trinity

Kimco

Other

Assumption of mortgages by purchasers on property dispositions

Devimco

Other

Liquidity 

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015

124,082 $

126,916

83,750

63,230

39,679

22,614

—

7,555

33,750

39,474

22,900

52,537

45,382

36,738

340,910 $

357,697

56,574

30,252

427,736 $

58,035

40,966

456,698

$

$

$

Liquidity refers to the Trust having and/or generating sufficient amounts of cash and equivalents to fund the ongoing operational 
commitments, distributions to unitholders and planned growth in the business. 

RioCan retains a portion of its operating cash flows to help fund ongoing maintenance capital expenditures, tenant installation 
costs and long term unfunded contractual obligations, among other items. 

Cash on hand, borrowings under the operating line of credit, construction financing facilities, equity and debt capital markets and 
the potential sale of assets also provide the necessary liquidity to fund ongoing and future capital expenditures and obligations. 

As at December 31, 2016, RioCan had the following sources of liquidity available: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

$54 million of cash and cash equivalents, 

$494 million of cash available under its undrawn operating line of credit, 

$130 million of cash available under undrawn construction facilities, and 

183 unencumbered Canadian properties with a fair value of $6.6 billion. 

Unitholder distributions reinvested through the distribution reinvestment and direct purchase plans result in the issuance of units, 
as opposed to a cash outlay, thereby providing an additional source of capital to fund RioCan’s activities, refer to Distributions to 
Unitholders section in this MD&A for further discussion. 

AFFO for 2016 has remained flat compared to 2015 on a total AFFO basis.  However, AFFO per unit decreased from $1.57 in 
2015 to $1.54 in 2016 mainly as a result of an increase in weighted average trust units outstanding during 2016 due primarily to 
our distribution reinvestment  and unit option plans.  This results in a ratio of distributions as a percentage of AFFO of 91.4% as 
compared to 90.4% for the year ended December 31, 2015. Refer to "AFFO Highlights" section of this MD&A for the AFFO 
change.  Over the long term, the Trust targets a payout ratio of AFFO on a rolling twelve month basis, which allows RioCan to 
provide a sustainable distribution of cash flow to unitholders, while retaining a portion of operational cash flow to reinvest into 
income producing and development properties, and if necessary, to fund any unexpected expenditures for property maintenance 
that might arise.  We continue to target a ratio at or below 90% over the long term, although there may be some fluctuations from 

81
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

quarter to quarter.  

RioCan’s liquidity profile is as follows:  

(thousands of dollars)

As at

Cash and cash equivalents

Undrawn operating line of credit

Liquidity

Contractual debt:

Debentures payable

Mortgages payable, mortgages on
Canadian properties held for sale
and lines of credit

U.S. properties held for sale

Total contractual debt

Percentage of total contractual debt:

$

$

$

$

Liquidity

Unsecured debt

Secured debt

IFRS

RioCan's proportionate share

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015

$

$

$

54,366

494,380

548,746

2,250,000

3,395,517

—

$

$

$

83,318

339,284

422,602

2,000,000

4,173,840

1,224,802

$

$

$

55,463

494,380

549,843

2,250,000

3,470,135

—

5,645,517

$

7,398,642

$

5,720,135

$

9.7%

48.8%

51.2%

5.7%

27.0%

73.0%

9.6%

48.2%

51.8%

85,336

339,284

424,620

2,000,000

4,238,544

1,224,802

7,463,346

5.7%

26.8%

73.2%

Our liquidity is impacted by contractual debt commitments and forecasted development expenditures on active projects. Our 
contractual debt commitments and development expenditures at December 31, 2016 are as follows: 

(thousands of dollars)

Contractual obligations:

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter

Total

Lines of credit and other bank loans

$ 163,595

$

— $ 39,679

$

— $ 505,185

$

— $ 708,459

Mortgages payable

Unsecured debentures

Lease commitments

766,831

150,000

3,751

542,057

250,000

3,708

295,903

350,000

3,606

466,266

400,000

3,342

355,774

250,000

3,005

260,227

2,687,058

850,000

2,250,000

26,473

43,885

Total

$ 1,084,177 $ 795,765 $ 689,188 $ 869,608 $ 1,113,964 $

1,136,700 $ 5,689,402

Estimated development expenditures:

Active developments (i)

350,350

411,589

201,663

—

— 549,250 (ii)

1,512,852

Total

$ 1,434,527 $ 1,207,354 $ 890,851 $ 869,608 $ 1,113,964 $

1,685,950 $ 7,202,254

(i)  Represents our estimated costs to complete properties both currently under development and planned future developments. These costs will only 

be committed once leases are signed and/or construction activities are underway. 

(ii)  Represents forecasted development expenditures from 2020 and thereafter. 
The Trust's contractual debt obligations and projected development expenditures can be funded by net proceeds from the sale of 
non-core assets (including, but not limited to, excess land and potential air rights), existing cash on hand, our unsecured 
operating line, construction lines, proceeds from mortgage refinancing and proceeds from the issuance of unsecured debentures 
or equity units.

In addition, our debt strategy has resulted in an unencumbered asset pool with an approximate fair value of $6.6 billion as at 
December 31, 2016, which can generate additional liquidity, if needed. 

Unencumbered Assets

RioCan has the continued flexibility to generate additional funds in 2017 through upward refinancing of maturing loan balances. 

As at December 31, 2016, our debt strategy has resulted in approximately 49.5% of annualized NOI being generated by 
unencumbered assets, providing us with access to a pool of assets for obtaining additional secured debt (December 31, 2015 - 
25.1%).  Management expects this ratio to improve to over 50% in 2017.  The fair value of the unencumbered investment 
property assets as at December 31, 2016 is estimated at approximately $6.6 billion for 183 properties or 49.9% of the total fair 
value of investment properties as compared to 119 properties with a fair value of $3.3 billion as at December 31, 2015.

82
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

The table below presents RioCan’s interest in assets at fair value that are available to finance and/or refinance for debt maturing 
in 2017 and 2018: 

(thousands of dollars)

Unencumbered assets (i)

Number of
Properties

Fair Value of Investment
Properties as at

Principal balance of debt maturing

December 31, 2016

2017

2018

Thereafter

183 $

6,625,322 $

— $

Encumbered assets with debt maturing in 2017

Encumbered assets with debt maturing in 2018

Encumbered assets with debt maturing thereafter

27

14

76

1,591,826

1,206,155

3,924,265

670,343

—

—

— $

—

438,387

—

—

—

— 1,591,205

Total

$

13,347,568 $

670,343 $

438,387 $ 1,591,205

(i)  Substantially all of the Trust's unencumbered assets are income producing properties and 100% owned. 

Considering the availability our credit facility, unencumbered asset pool, relatively low leverage and demonstrated historical 
access to debt capital markets, we expect that all maturities will be refinanced or repaid in the normal course of business, and as 
such, do not anticipate that we will be required to sell assets in 2017 to meet our maturing debt obligations in 2017. 

Distributions to Unitholders 

RioCan qualifies as a mutual fund trust and a REIT for Canadian income tax purposes. We expect to distribute all of our taxable 
income to unitholders and are entitled to deduct such distributions for Canadian income tax purposes. From time to time, RioCan 
may retain some taxable income and net capital gains, when appropriate, in order to utilize the capital gains refund available to 
mutual fund trusts without incurring any income taxes. Accordingly, no provision for current income taxes payable is required, 
except for amounts incurred in our incorporated Canadian subsidiaries. 

Our U.S. subsidiary qualified as a REIT for U.S. income tax purposes up to May 25, 2016, subsequent to the closing date of the 
sale of our U.S. property portfolio. The subsidiary distributed all of its U.S. taxable income and is entitled to deduct such 
distributions for U.S. income tax purposes. The subsidiary’s qualification as a REIT depends on the REIT’s satisfaction of certain 
asset, income, organizational, distribution, unitholder ownership and other requirements on a continuing basis. Our U.S. 
subsidiary was subject to a 30% or 35% withholding tax on distributions of its U.S. taxable income to Canada.  We do not intend 
to distribute any withholding taxes paid or payable to our unitholders, related to the disposition.

We consolidate certain wholly owned incorporated entities that are subject to tax. The tax disclosures, expense and deferred tax 
balances relate only to these entities. 

If we were to cease to qualify as a REIT for Canadian income tax purposes, certain distributions would not be deductible in 
computing income for Canadian income tax purposes and we would be subject to tax on such distributions at a rate substantially 
equivalent to the general corporate income tax rate. Other distributions would generally continue to be treated as returns of 
capital to unitholders.

From year to year, the taxability of the Trust's distributions may fluctuate depending upon the timing of recognition of certain gains 
and losses based on the activities of the Trust. For the year ended December 31, 2016, we expect the taxability of the Trust's 
distributions to be higher than historical average, primarily due to the gains realized upon the sale of our U.S. property portfolio 
during the year.

Our monthly distribution in 2016 was $0.1175 per unit representing $1.41 per unit on an annualized basis. Distributions to 
unitholders are as follows:

(thousands of dollars, except when otherwise noted)

Year ended December 31,

Distributions declared to unitholders

Distributions reinvested through the distribution reinvestment plan

Distributions to common unitholders, net of distribution reinvestment plan

Distribution reinvestment plan participation rate

$

$

2016

458,388

(60,782)

397,606

13.3%

$

$

2015

453,094

(142,715)

310,379

31.5%

In consideration of the funds received as a result of the sale of our U.S. portfolio, management determined that an additional 
incentive for participants in the distribution reinvestment plan is currently not necessary. During the first quarter of 2016, we 
eliminated our 3.1% discount on the distribution reinvestment plan, which resulted in a decline in our DRIP participation rate.

83
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Difference between cash flows provided by operating activities and distributions to unitholders 

A comparison of distributions to unitholders with cash flows provided by operating activities and distributions, net of our 
distribution reinvestment plan, is as follows: 

(thousands of dollars)

Year ended December 31,

Cash flows provided by operating activities

Adjustments for:

Other changes in working capital items

Adjusted operating cash flow

Deduct: Distributions declared to unitholders

Excess (Deficit) of adjusted operating cash flow over distributions to unitholders

Add back: Distributions reinvested through the distribution reinvestment plan

Excess (Deficit) of adjusted operating cash flow over distributions,
net of distribution reinvestment plan

2016

2015

$

455,424 $

614,816

(156,069)

299,355

458,388

(159,033)

67,857

(12,676)

602,140

453,094

149,046

142,715

$

(91,176) $

291,761

The $159 million deficit in adjusted operating cash flow over distributions to unitholders for the year ended December 31, 2016 
was impacted unfavourably by income tax expenses and transaction costs in connection with the sale of our U.S. property 
portfolio.  The following table summarizes such costs associated with the disposal of our U.S. properties in the years ended 
December 31, 2016 and 2015: 

(thousands of dollars)

Year ended December 31,

Current income taxes

Transaction costs

2016

135,139 $

53,562

2015

8,478

3,868

188,701 $

12,346

$

$

Absent these U.S. taxes and transaction costs (which taxes and transaction costs, for greater certainty, were funded from the 
proceeds of the sale of the U.S. property portfolio), RioCan would have generated approximately $30 million of cash flow in 
excess of distributions to unitholders for the year ended December 31, 2016. Accordingly, we expect to maintain adequate cash 
flows to fund future unitholder distributions. 

In determining the annual level of distributions to unitholders, we consider forward-looking cash flow information including 
forecasts and budgets and the future business prospects of the Trust. Furthermore, RioCan does not consider periodic cash flow 
fluctuations resulting from working capital items such as the timing of property operating costs and tax installments, and semi-
annual debenture and mortgages payable interest payments in determining the level of distributions to unitholders in any 
particular period. In determining the annual level of distributions to unitholders, RioCan also considers the impact of its 
distribution reinvestment plan on its ability to sustain current distribution levels during the current period and on a rolling twelve 
month basis.

Additionally, in establishing the level of cash distributions to unitholders we consider the impact of, among other items, the future 
growth in the income producing portfolio, the current interest rate environment and cost of capital, completion of properties under 
development, impact of future acquisitions, capital expenditures and leasing related to the income producing portfolio. 
Distributions to unitholders are expected to continue to be funded by cash flows generated from our real estate investments and 
fee generating activities. 

The Trust does not use net income in accordance with IFRS as the basis to establish the level of unitholders’ distributions as net 
income includes, among other items, non-cash fair value adjustments related to its investment property portfolio and deferred 
income taxes. In establishing the level of annual distributions to unitholders, consideration is given by RioCan to the level of cash 
flow from operating activities, capital expenditures for the property portfolio, preferred unitholder distributions and proceeds on the 
sale of marketable securities.  

84
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

QUARTERLY RESULTS AND TREND ANALYSIS 

(millions of dollars, except per unit amounts)

2016

2015

As at and for the quarter ended (i)

Q4

Q3

Q2

Q1

Q4

Q3

Q2

Q1

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

Revenue

Net income (loss) attributable to unitholders

Net income from continuing operations
attributable to unitholders

NOI

FFO

OFFO

AFFO

Total assets

Total debt (ii)

Common unitholder distributions

DRIP participation rate

Weighted average common units outstanding

– diluted (in thousands)

Per unit basis (diluted)

Net income attributable to unitholders from

continuing operations

Net income (loss) attributable to unitholders

FFO

OFFO

AFFO

Common unitholder distributions

Net book value per unit (iii)

Closing market price per common unit

Key Performance Indicator Ratios

Same Property NOI growth (decline) %

Common unitholder distributions paid as a

percentage of AFFO

Debt to total assets

Debt to total assets 
(RioCan's proportionate share)

Interest coverage 
(RioCan's proportionate share) 

Debt to Adjusted EBITDA 
(RioCan's proportionate share) 

$

292

164

178

179

132

132

119

$

282

248

254

174

140

131

127

$

276

271

143

166

133

135

122

284

147

108

167

143

148

133

$

291

$

(178)

200

205

221

142

129

264

144

113

201

140

140

126

$

263

$

270

86

59

198

135

136

123

89

45

206

127

138

123

14,174

14,056

13,469

15,856

15,996

15,255

15,104

15,083

5,654

115

6.2%

5,606

115

7.0%

5,112

115

9.1%

7,218

114

7,413

114

6,667

113

6,732

112

30.7%

30.1%

35.1%

29.8%

6,687

112

30.6%

326,639

326,658

325,811

323,812

322,195

320,672

319,485

317,805

0.54

0.50

0.40

0.40

0.37

0.35

24.08

26.63

2.2%

91.4%

39.7%

40.0%

3.36

8.10

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

0.77

0.75

0.43

0.40

0.39

0.35

23.89

27.22

2.0%

90.0%

39.6%

39.9%

3.23

8.07

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

0.43

0.83

0.41

0.41

0.37

0.35

$

$

$

$

$

$

0.31

0.43

0.44

0.46

0.41

0.35

$

$

$

$

$

$

0.61

(0.56)

0.69

0.44

0.40

0.35

$

$

$

$

$

$

0.34

0.44

0.44

0.44

0.39

0.35

$

$

$

$

$

$

0.18

0.26

0.42

0.43

0.38

0.35

23.59

$ 23.73

$ 23.76

$ 24.58

$ 24.19

29.33

$ 26.60

$ 23.69

$ 25.47

$ 26.77

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

0.1%

(2.2%)

(3.4%)

(2.4%)

(1.1%)

89.9%

89.2%

90.4%

91.6%

94.5%

37.7%

38.0%

45.4%

45.6%

46.1%

46.3%

43.6%

43.8%

44.3%

44.5%

3.11

8.17

3.11

8.46

3.07

8.34

3.00

8.28

3.00

8.19

0.13

0.27

0.40

0.43

0.39

0.35

24.39

28.97

0.1%

94.5%

44.1%

44.3%

2.93

8.14

3.96%

161%

Weighted average contractual interest rate

Unencumbered assets to unsecured debt (v)

3.54%

240%

3.63%

245%

3.91%

256%

3.60%

167%

3.65%

166%

3.87%

165%

3.94%

149%

(vi)

% NOI expected to be generated from

unencumbered assets (v) (vii)

Other

Number of employees

Residency of unitholders (iv)

– Canadian

– Non-resident

49.5%

46.3%

43.7%

26.7%

25.1%

n.a.

n.a.

n.a.

669

660

655

726

727

732

736

736

69.9%

30.1%

71.3%

28.7%

71.8%

28.2%

72.2%

27.8%

80.0%

20.0%

76.3%

23.7%

69.4%

30.6%

69.2%

30.8%

n.a.  Not applicable.  The Trust commenced reporting % NOI expected to be generated from unencumbered assets in Q4 2015.
(i)  Refer to RioCan’s respective annual and interim MD&As issued for a discussion and analysis relating to those periods. 
(ii)  Total debt is defined as the sum of mortgages payable, lines of credit and other bank loans, mortgages on properties held for sale and debentures payable.
(iii)  A non-GAAP measurement. Calculated by RioCan as common unitholders’ equity divided by the number of units outstanding at the end of the reporting 

period. RioCan’s method of calculating net book value per unit may differ from other issuers’ methods and, accordingly, may not be comparable to net book 
value per unit reported by other issuers. 

(iv)    Estimates based on mailing addresses on record at the end of each reporting period. 
(v)  Represents a non-GAAP measure. RioCan's method of calculating non-GAAP measures may differ from other reporting issuers' methods and accordingly 

may not be comparable. For definitions and basis of presentation of RioCan's non-GAAP measures, refer to the section Presentation of Financial Information 
and Non-GAAP Measures in this MD&A. 

(vi)  Unencumbered assets to unsecured debt is defined as unencumbered assets divided by unsecured debt.
(vii)  Ratio is calculated on a continuing operations basis. 

85
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Our revenue and operating results are not materially impacted by seasonal factors.  However, macroeconomic and market 
trends, as described under the Outlook section of this MD&A, do have an influence on the demand for space, occupancy levels 
and, consequently, our revenue and operating performance.  

Overall, quarterly fluctuations in our revenue and operating results are mainly attributable to occupancy and same property 
growth, acquisitions and dispositions, the sale of marketable securities, Target backfill progress and fair value gains and losses 
on investment properties. 

Revenue was relatively flat from Q1 2015 to Q3 2015.  The increase in revenue in Q4 2015 was mainly the result of substantial 
Kimco property acquisitions completed in that quarter.  The revenue decline from Q1 2016 to Q2 2016 was mainly related to the 
sale of our U.S. portfolio in late May 2016.  The further decline in revenue in Q3 2016 was due to a full quarter effect of the sale 
of the U.S. portfolio in late May 2016, partially offset by the CPPIB and Kimco portfolio acquisitions completed in Q3 2016.  The 
subsequent revenue increase in Q4 2016 was largely due to a full quarter effect of the CPPIB and Kimco portfolio acquisitions 
completed in Q3 2016 and stronger same property growth in Q4 2016.

The above factors for quarterly revenue variations also affect the quarterly variations in net income, NOI, FFO, OFFO and AFFO.  
In addition, the increase in net income from continuing operations attributable to unitholders from Q2 2015 to Q3 2015 was 
primarily due to higher fair value loss in Q2 2015 resulting from property specific valuation adjustments relating to interior 
renovation costs at some of our enclosed malls.  The subsequent increase in net income from continuing operations attributable 
to unitholders in Q4 2015 was primarily due to Target settlement income.  The net income (loss) attributable to unitholders was a 
loss in Q4 2015 mainly due to net loss from the U.S. discontinued operations resulting mainly from fair value loss due to an 
increase in capitalization rates of the Northwest U.S. properties and higher deferred tax expense relating to the U.S. portfolio.   
FFO over the same periods were relatively stable as fair value gains or losses were excluded in FFO but included in net income.  
FFO increased in Q4 2015 primarily due to Target settlement income while OFFO for the same period was relatively stable as the 
Target settlement income was excluded from OFFO.  

Aggregate debt levels and overall leverage declined by approximately 7% in Q2 2016 mainly due to the sale of our U.S. portfolio 
and the use of the net proceeds to lower our debt levels.  The subsequent approximately 2% increase in debt levels in Q3 2016 
was mainly attributable to Canadian acquisitions in Q3 2016 funded by debt.  The overall trend of improvement in interest 
coverage and debt to adjusted EBITDA from 2015 to 2016 was also primarily due to the sale of the U.S. portfolio and use of the 
net proceeds to lower our debt levels, as well as interest savings from our mortgage refinancing during 2016.

The significant improvement in our unencumbered assets to unsecured debt and percentage of NOI expected to be generated 
from unencumbered assets since Q2 2016 was mainly due to the sale of our U.S. portfolio and repayment of related mortgages, 
utilization of net proceeds from the sale to pay down secured Canadian mortgages, and the conversion of a secured line of credit 
facility to an unsecured credit facility.

In consideration of the funds received as a result of the sale of our U.S. portfolio, management determined that an additional 
incentive for participants in the distribution reinvestment plan was no longer necessary.  During the first quarter of 2016, we 
eliminated the 3.1% discount on the distribution reinvestment plan, which resulted in a subsequent decline in the participation 
rate. The distribution reinvestment plan's lower participation rate since Q2 2016 was the main reason causing the lower than 
historical average quarterly increase in weighted average common units outstanding in Q3 2016 and Q4 2016.

86
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Income  

(In thousands of Canadian dollars, except per unit amounts)

Three months ended December 31,

Revenue

Rental revenue

Residential inventory sales

Property and asset management fees

Operating costs

Rental operating costs

Recoverable under tenant leases

Non-recoverable costs

Residential inventory cost of sales

Operating income

Other income

Interest income

Income from equity accounted investments

Fair value gain on investment properties, net

Investment and other income

Other expenses

Interest costs

General and administrative

Leasing costs

Transaction and other costs

Income before income taxes

Deferred income tax expense (recovery)

Net income from continuing operations

Net loss from discontinued operations

Net income (loss)

Net income (loss) attributable to

Unitholders

Non-controlling interests

Net income (loss) per unit - basic:

From continuing operations

From discontinued operations

Net income per unit - basic

Net income (loss) per unit - diluted:

From continuing operations

From discontinued operations

Net income per unit - diluted

Weighted average number of units (in thousands):

Basic

Diluted

87
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

2016

2015

$

285,257

$

263,893

3,353

2,968

291,578

101,058

5,233

4,550

110,841

180,737

1,657

4,521

44,371

6,762

57,311

43,464

14,000

2,663

2,449

62,576

175,472

(3,000)

22,888

4,355

291,136

96,386

6,316

21,563

124,265

166,871

1,457

4,510

1,183

97,261

104,411

47,853

14,854

2,340

5,046

70,093

201,189

1,350

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

178,472

$

199,839

(14,013)

(377,837)

164,459    $ (177,998)

164,459    $ (178,041)

—

43

164,459    $ (177,998)

0.54

$

(0.04)

0.50    $

0.54

$

(0.04)

0.50    $

0.61

(1.17)

(0.56)

0.61

(1.17)

(0.56)

326,466

326,639

321,894

322,195

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES 
Our significant accounting policies are described in note 3 of RioCan's audited 2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements. 
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and judgments that affect the reported amounts 
of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported 
amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results may differ from those estimates under different 
assumptions and conditions. 

Our critical accounting judgments, estimates and assumptions relate to the following areas:  fair value, the recognition and 
valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, capitalization of costs to investment property, determination of significant influence 
over equity investees, classification of disposal groups and discontinued operations and the determination of the type of lease 
where we are the lessor. Our critical accounting policies and estimates have been reviewed and approved by our Audit 
Committee, in consultation with senior management, as part of their review and approval of our significant accounting policies 
and judgments. 

Fair value 

Fair value is the amount at which an item could be bought or sold in a current transaction between independent, knowledgeable 
willing parties, as opposed to a forced or liquidation sale, in an arm’s length transaction under no compulsion to act. 

Quoted market prices in active markets are the best evidence of fair value and are used as the basis for fair value measurement, 
when available. When quoted market prices are not available, estimates of fair value are based on the best information available, 
including prices for similar items and the results of other valuation techniques. Valuation techniques used would be consistent 
with the objective of measuring fair value. 

The techniques used to estimate future cash flows will vary from one situation to another depending on the circumstances 
surrounding the asset or liability in question. 

The Trust’s financial statements are affected by the fair value-based method of accounting, the most significant areas of which 
are as follows: 

•  The determination of fair value of investment property is based upon, among other things, rental revenue from current leases 
and reasonable and supportable assumptions that represent what knowledgeable, willing parties would assume about rental 
revenue from future leases in light of current conditions, less future cash outflows in respect of tenant installation costs, capital 
expenditures and investment property operations. The Trust uses the direct capitalization method to fair value its income 
properties. Under this valuation method a capitalization rate is applied to normalized NOI to yield a fair value.  RioCan has 
recently involved third party appraisers in its valuation process.  For the year ended December 31, 2016, RioCan had 22 
properties (including 13 land parcels) valued by experienced valuation professionals having the required qualifications in 
property appraisals.  Going forward, our current plan is to select a sample of investment properties (approximately six each 
quarter) on a rotational basis for external appraisal.  Refer to Asset Profile for a further discussion of fair values of investment 
property. 

•  Unit based compensation expense is measured at fair value and expensed over the option vesting period, calculated using the 
Black-Scholes Model for unit option valuation and the Monte-Carlo simulation pricing model for the performance equity unit 
plan. For the year ended December 31, 2016, we recorded unit-based compensation expense of $6.7 million (December 31, 
2015 - $4.7 million). 

•  IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement establishes the standard for recognizing and measuring financial 
assets, financial liabilities and non-financial derivatives. All financial instruments are required to be measured at fair value on 
initial recognition, except for certain related party transactions. Measurement in subsequent periods depends on whether the 
financial instrument has been classified as held-for-trading, available-for-sale, held-to-maturity, loans and receivables or other 
liabilities. 

•  At least annually, RioCan reports in its financial statements the fair value of its mortgages and debentures payable, which 

amounts are based upon discounted future cash flows using discount rates that reflect current market conditions for 
instruments with similar terms and risks. Such fair value estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that RioCan 
might pay or receive in actual market transactions. Potential transaction costs have also not been considered in estimating fair 
value. 

The carrying cost of RioCan’s mortgages and debentures payable at December 31, 2016 is $5.1 billion. The Trust reported a $5.1 
billion fair value relating to these mortgages and debentures payable in note 22 to the 2016 Annual Consolidated Financial 
Statements. 

Capitalization of costs to investment property

RioCan's accounting policies relating to investment properties are described in note 3(c) to the 2016 Annual Consolidated 
Financial Statements. In applying these policies, judgment is required in determining whether certain costs represent additions to 
the carrying amount of the property and in distinguishing between tenant incentives and capital improvements. 

Development costs for properties under development are capitalized in accordance with the accounting policy in note 3(c) to the 
2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements. Initial capitalization of costs requires management’s judgment in determining 
when the project commences with active development  and identifying at which time a development property is substantially 
completed. This amount includes capitalized common area maintenance, property taxes and borrowing costs on both specific 
and general debt.  

88
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Leases - RioCan as a lessor

We make judgments in determining whether certain leases, in particular tenant leases where we are the lessor, are either 
operating or finance leases. RioCan has determined, based on an evaluation of terms and conditions of the lease arrangements, 
that the Trust retains all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of these properties and accounts for these arrangements 
as operating leases. 

Income taxes

The Trust uses judgment to interpret tax rules and regulations and determining the appropriate rates and amounts in recording 
current and deferred income taxes, giving consideration to timing and probability.  Actual income taxes could significantly vary 
from these estimates as a result of future events, including changes in income tax law or the outcome of reviews by tax 
authorities and related appeals.  To the extent that the final tax outcome is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, 
such difference will impact the income tax provision in the period in which such determination is made.  

The recognition of deferred income tax assets and liabilities also requires significant judgment as the recognition is dependent on 
RioCan's projection of future taxable profits and tax rates that are expected to be in effect in the period the asset will be realized 
or the liability settled. Any changes to this projection will result in changes in the amount of deferred tax assets and liabilities on 
the consolidated balance sheets and the deferred tax expense in the consolidated statements of income.

Classification of assets and liabilities as held for sale and discontinued operations

Classification of assets or a disposal group as held for sale and discontinued operations requires judgment on whether the 
carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use and whether the sale 
is highly probable.

Significant influence

When determining the appropriate basis of accounting for RioCan's investees, we make judgments about the degree of influence 
that RioCan exerts directly or through an arrangement over the investees' relevant activities. This may include the ability to elect 
investee directors, appoint management or influence key decisions. 

FUTURE CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING POLICIES 
RioCan monitors the potential changes proposed by the IASB and analyzes the effect that changes in the standards may have on 
RioCan’s operations. Standards issued, but not yet effective, up to the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended December 31, 2016, are described below. This description is of standards and interpretations issued, which 
we reasonably expect to be applicable at a future date. We intend to adopt these standards when they become effective. 

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (IFRS 15)

IFRS 15 was issued in May 2014 and establishes a new five-step model that will apply to revenue arising from contracts with 
customers. Under IFRS 15, revenue is recognized at an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be 
entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer. The principles in IFRS 15 provide a more structured 
approach to measuring and recording revenue. The new revenue standard is applicable to all entities and will supersede all 
current revenue recognition requirements under IFRS. Either a full or modified retrospective application is required for annual 
periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. RioCan is currently assessing the impact of IFRS 15 
and intends to adopt the new standard on the required effective date.

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments (IFRS 9) 

In July 2014, the IASB issued the final version of IFRS 9, which reflects all phases of the financial instruments project and 
replaces IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement and all previous versions of IFRS 9. The standard 
introduces new requirements for classification and measurement, impairment, and hedge accounting. IFRS 9 establishes 
principles for the financial reporting of financial assets and financial liabilities that will present relevant and useful information to 
users of financial statements for their assessment of the amounts, timing and uncertainty of an entity’s future cash flows. This 
new standard also includes new general hedge accounting guidance, which will align hedge accounting more closely with risk 
management. It does not completely change the types of hedging relationships or the requirement to measure and recognize 
ineffectiveness; however, it will allow more hedging strategies that are used for risk management to qualify for hedge accounting 
and introduce more judgment to assess the effectiveness of a hedging relationship. IFRS 9 also introduces an expected loss 
impairment model for all financial assets not measured at fair value through profit or loss that requires recognition of expected 
credit losses rather than incurred losses as applied under the current standard.   IFRS 9 is effective for annual periods beginning 
on or after January 1, 2018, with early application permitted. RioCan is currently assessing the impact of IFRS 9 and intends to 
adopt the new standard on the required effective date.

IFRS 16, Leases (IFRS 16)

In January 2016, the IASB issued IFRS 16, Leases. The new standard brings most leases on-balance sheet for lessees under a 
single model, eliminating the distinction between operating and finance leases. Lessor accounting, however, remains largely 
unchanged, and the distinction between operating and finance leases is retained. This standard would be effective for the Trust's 
annual periods beginning after January 1, 2019 with earlier adoption permitted. RioCan is currently assessing the impact of IFRS 
16 and intends to adopt the new standard on the required effective date.

89
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

IAS 40, Investment Property (IAS 40)

During December 2016, the IASB issued an amendment to IAS 40 clarifying certain existing requirements. The amendment 
requires that an asset be transferred to or from investment property only when there is a change in use. A change in use occurs 
when the property meets, or ceases to meet, the definition of investment property and there is evidence of the change in use. In 
isolation, a change in management’s intentions for the use of a property does not provide evidence of a change in use. These 
amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, with earlier adoption permitted. RioCan is 
currently assessing the impact on the Trust's Consolidated Financial Statements and intends to adopt the amended standard on 
the required effective date.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 

At December 31, 2016, the Chief Executive Officer (CEO) and the Chief Financial Officer (CFO) of the Trust, together with the 
assistance of senior management, have designed disclosure controls and procedures to provide reasonable assurance that 
material information relating to RioCan is made known to the CEO and the CFO, and have designed internal controls over 
financial reporting and disclosure to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements in accordance with IFRS.

RioCan has established adequate internal controls over financial reporting to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability of the Trust’s financial reporting and the preparation of the financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
IFRS. Management, including RioCan’s CEO and CFO has assessed or caused an assessment under their direct supervision, of 
the design and operating effectiveness of the Trust’s internal controls over financial reporting as at December 31, 2016 on the 
criteria set forth in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the 
Treadway Commission.  Based on that assessment, it was determined that, as of December 31, 2016, RioCan’s internal controls 
over financial reporting were appropriately designed and were operating effectively based on the criteria established in the 
Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013). 

It should be noted that a control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, 
assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Given the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of 
controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues, including instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These 
inherent limitations include, among other items: (i) that management’s assumptions and judgments could ultimately prove to be 
incorrect under varying conditions and circumstances; (ii) the impact of any undetected errors; and (iii) controls may be 
circumvented by the unauthorized acts of individuals, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override.  

Canadian REIT Status and Monitoring

RioCan currently qualifies as a REIT for purposes of the Income Tax Act (Canada).  Accordingly, RioCan continues to be able to 
flow taxable income through to unitholders on a tax effective basis.  Generally, to qualify as a REIT, RioCan's Canadian assets 
must be comprised primarily of real estate and substantially all of our Canadian source revenues must be derived from rental 
revenue, capital gains and fee income from properties in which we have an interest.

RioCan monitors its Canadian REIT status to ensure that we continue to qualify as a Canadian REIT.  From time to time, the 
members of the Board of Trustees, Audit Committee and senior management are updated on RioCan's continued REIT 
qualification, including any significant legislation updates. 

U.S. Income Tax Legislation

On December 18th, 2015, the House of Representatives passed new tax legislation known as the PATH Act, which makes 
significant changes to the U.S. federal income tax rules on foreign investment in U.S. real property (the Foreign Investment in 
Real Property Act or "FIRPTA") by certain "qualified shareholders". The impact of these proposed changes on our U.S. portfolio 
sale is that it may have the potential to reduce a qualifying foreign investor’s withholding tax rate from 35% to 30% and other 
potential tax reductions. We are awaiting additional guidance from the Internal Revenue Service to determine whether the Trust 
can potentially benefit from the new tax legislation.  There can be no assurance that we will benefit from any changes in the tax 
legislation related to FIRPTA. 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 
In the ordinary course of business, we may enter into transactions with entities whose directors or trustees are also RioCan 
trustees and/or part of RioCan's senior management. All such transactions are in the normal course of operations and are 
measured at market-based exchange amounts. 

Transactions subsequent to the formation of a co-ownership that are not contemplated by the co-ownership agreement are 
considered related party transactions for financial statement purposes. 

Key management personnel are those individuals that have the authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling 
the Trust's activities, directly or indirectly.

The Trust’s key management personnel include the Trustees and the following individuals: Chief Executive Officer, Edward 
Sonshine; President and Chief Operating Officer, Raghunath Davloor; and Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary, 
Cynthia Devine (collectively, the Key Executives). 

90
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Remuneration of the Trust’s key management during the year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:

Year ended December 31,

Compensation and benefits

Unit-based payments

Post-employment benefit costs

Trustees

Key Executives

2016

301 $

2,253

—

2015

2016

237 $

5,756 $

1,751

—

5,341

57

2,554 $

1,988 $

11,154 $

2015

5,497

2,751

88

8,336

$

$

During February 2016, RioCan's Chief Executive Officer, Edward Sonshine, agreed to amend his employment contract to reflect 
his agreement to not retire or resign voluntarily before December 31, 2018. As part of this commitment, Mr. Sonshine agreed to 
use his best efforts to provide the Trust with 12 months' notice of his intent to retire or resign. 

For further details on related party transactions, refer to note 29 of our 2016 Annual Consolidated Financial Statements. 

 RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES 
The achievement of RioCan’s objectives is, in part, dependent on the successful mitigation of business risks identified. Real 
estate investments are subject to a degree of risk. They are affected by various factors including changes in general economic 
and local market conditions, equity and credit markets, fluctuations in interest costs, the attractiveness of the properties to 
tenants, competition from other available space, the stability and credit-worthiness of tenants, and various other factors.  

On June 17, 2015, RioCan amended its Declaration of Trust (the "Declaration") to further align the Declaration with evolving 
governance best practices, as further described in RioCan's Management Information Circular dated April 4, 2016. The rights 
granted in the amended Declaration are granted as contractual rights afforded to Unitholders (rather than as statutory rights). 
Similar to other existing rights contained in the Declaration (i.e. the take-over bid provisions and conflict of interest provisions), 
making these rights and remedies and certain procedures available by contract is structurally different from the manner in which 
the equivalent rights and remedies or procedures (including the procedure for enforcing such remedies) are made available to 
shareholders of a corporation, who benefit from those rights and remedies or procedures by the corporate statute that governs 
the corporation, such as the Canada Business Corporations Act. As such, there is no certainty how these rights, remedies or 
procedures may be treated by the courts in the non-corporate context or that a Unitholder will be able to enforce the rights and 
remedies in the manner contemplated by the proposed amendments. Furthermore, how the courts will treat these rights, 
remedies and procedures will be in the discretion of the court, and the courts may choose to not accept jurisdiction to consider 
any claim contemplated in the proposed provisions.  

Development Risk

Development risk arises from the possibility that completed developments will not be leased or that costs of development will 
exceed original estimates, resulting in an uneconomic return from the leasing of such space.  RioCan also expects to be 
increasingly involved in mixed use development projects that include residential condominiums and rental apartments. Purchaser 
demand for residential condominiums is cyclical and is affected by changes in general market and economic conditions, such as 
consumer confidence, employment levels, availability of financing for home buyers, interest rates, demographic trends, and 
housing demand.  Furthermore, the market value of undeveloped land, buildable lots and housing inventories held by RioCan can 
fluctuate significantly as a result of changing economic and real estate market conditions.  

RioCan’s construction commitments are subject to those risks usually attributable to construction projects, which include: 
(i) construction or other unforeseen delays including municipal approvals; (ii) cost overruns; and (iii) the failure of tenants to 
occupy and pay rent in accordance with existing lease agreements, some of which are conditional. Construction risks are 
minimized through the provisions of the Trust’s Declaration, which have the effect of limiting direct and indirect investments in 
greenfield developments and development properties held for resale (each net of related mortgage debt and mezzanine financing 
to fund co-owners’ share of such developments) to no more than 15% of total consolidated unitholders’ equity of the Trust, as 
determined under IFRS. RioCan also seeks to undertake such developments with established developers. With some exceptions 
for land in the major markets, RioCan will generally not acquire or fund significant expenditures for undeveloped land unless it is 
zoned and an acceptable level of space has been pre-leased or pre-sold. An advantage of unenclosed, new format retail is that it 
lends itself to phased construction keyed to leasing levels, which reduces the creation of significant amounts of vacant but 
developed space. Further, RioCan uses a staggered approach in its development program to avoid unnecessary concentration of 
development projects in a single period of time so as to manage our development risk exposure and properly allocate our capital 
and personnel resources.

Liquidity and General Market Conditions 

RioCan faces risks associated with general market conditions and their potential consequent effects. Current general market 
conditions may include, among other things, the insolvency of market participants, tightening lending standards and decreased 
availability of cash, and changes in unemployment levels, retail sales levels, and real estate values. These market conditions may 
affect occupancy levels and RioCan’s ability to obtain credit on favourable terms or to conduct financings through the public 
market. 

91
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Ownership of Real Estate 

Tenant Concentration

With respect to tenant concentration risk, in the event a given tenant, or group of tenants, experience financial difficulty and is 
unable to fulfill its lease commitments, a given geographical area suffers an economic decline, or the changing consumer/retail 
trends that result in less demand for rental space, we could experience a decline in revenue. 

RioCan strives to manage tenant concentration risk through geographical diversification and diversification of revenue sources in 
order to avoid dependence on any single tenant. RioCan’s objective, as exemplified by the requirements of its Declaration noted 
above, is that no individual tenant contributes a significant percentage of its gross revenue and that a considerable portion of our 
revenue is earned from national and anchor tenants. RioCan attempts to lease to credit worthy tenants, will generally conduct 
credit assessments for new tenants and generally is provided security by the tenants as part of negotiated deals. RioCan 
attempts to reduce its risks associated with occupancy levels and lease renewal risk by having staggered lease maturities, 
negotiating leases with base terms between five and ten years, and by negotiating longer term leases with built-in minimum rent 
escalations where deemed appropriate. 

In order to reduce RioCan’s exposure to the risks relating to credit and the financial stability of tenants, the Trust’s Declaration 
restricts the amount of space which can be leased to any person and that person’s affiliates, other than in respect of leases with 
or guaranteed by the Government of Canada, a province of Canada, a municipality in Canada or any agency thereof and certain 
corporations, the securities of which meet stated investment criteria, to a maximum premises or space having an aggregate gross 
leasable area of 20% of the aggregate gross leasable area of all real property held by RioCan. At December 31, 2016, RioCan 
was in compliance with this restriction. 

It is common practice for a major tenant, such as Canadian Tire or Loblaws/Shoppers Drug Mart, to lease space from other 
landlords like RioCan in addition to owning real estate either within a controlled publicly traded REIT or within its own operating 
entity.  Past experience and industry practice has dictated that it is the strength of a location more than the ownership of the 
property that drives the business decisions of RioCan’s tenants. Despite this, there may be instances where a tenant may forgo 
the competitive advantage of RioCan’s property location in order to better utilize its own real estate, RioCan does not consider 
the collective impact of risk to be significant. 

Tenant Bankruptcies

Several of RioCan's properties are anchored by large national tenants.  The value of some of our properties, including any 
improvements thereto, could be adversely affected if these anchor stores or major tenants fail to comply with their contractual 
obligations, experience credit or financial instability or cease their operations.

Bankruptcy filings by retailers occur periodically in the course of normal operations for reasons, such as increased competition, 
Internet sales, changing population demographics, poor economic conditions, rising costs and changing shopping trends and/or 
perceptions. RioCan continually seeks to re-lease vacant spaces resulting from tenant terminations. The bankruptcy of a tenant, 
particularly an anchor tenant, may make it more difficult to lease the remainder of the affected properties or may give rise to 
certain rights under existing leases with other tenants.  

Lease Renewals and Rental Increases

Growth of rental income is dependent on strong leasing markets to ensure expiring leases are renewed and new tenants are 
found promptly to fill vacancies at rental rates similar to those paid by existing tenants in order for us to maintain our existing 
occupancy levels of our properties.  It is possible that we may face a disproportionate amount of space expiring in any one 
period.  Additionally, rental rates could decline, tenant bankruptcies could increase and tenant renewals may not be achieved, 
particularly in the event of a protracted disruption in the economy, such as a recession.

At December 31, 2016, RioCan had NLA, at its interest, of 46,973,000 square feet and a portfolio economic occupancy rate of 
92.6%. Based on our current annualized portfolio weighted average rental revenue of approximately $24 per square foot, for 
every fluctuation in occupancy by a differential of 1%, our operations would be impacted by approximately $11 million annually. 

RioCan's aggregate rentals expiring over the next five years is $429 million based on current contractual rental rates. If the 
leases associated with these expiring rents are renewed upon maturity at an aggregate rental rate differential of 100 basis points, 
our net income would be impacted by approximately $4.3 million annually.   

Some of our retail lease agreements include co-tenancy clauses which allow the tenant to pay a reduced rent amount and, in 
certain instances, terminate the lease, if RioCan fails to maintain certain occupancy levels or retain certain anchor tenancies. In 
addition, certain of our tenants have the ability to terminate their leases prior to the lease expiration date if their sales do not meet 
agreed upon thresholds.  If occupancy, tenancy or sales fall below certain thresholds, rents that we are entitled to receive from 
tenants could be reduced. 

Financial and Liquidity Risk 

Access to capital

A risk to the Trust’s growth program and the refinancing of its debt upon maturity is that of not having sufficient debt and equity 
capital available to RioCan. Given the relatively small size of the Canadian marketplace, there are a limited number of lenders 
from which RioCan can borrow. RioCan’s financial condition and results of operations would be adversely affected if it were 
unable to obtain financing or cost-effective financing. 

As at December 31, 2016, RioCan’s total indebtedness had a 3.42 year weighted average term to maturity bearing interest at a 
weighted average contractual interest rate of 3.54% per annum. 

92
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Interest rate and financing risk

The terms of RioCan's credit agreements require the Trust to comply with a number of customary financial and other covenants, 
such as maintaining debt service coverage and leverage ratios, adequate insurance coverage and certain credit ratings.  These 
covenants may limit our flexibility in conducting our operations and breaches of these covenants could result in defaults under the 
instruments governing the applicable indebtedness. 

RioCan’s operations are also impacted by interest rates, as interest expense represents a significant cost in the ownership of real 
estate investments. We seek to reduce our interest rate risk by staggering the maturities of long term debt and limiting the use of 
floating rate debt so as to minimize exposure to interest rate fluctuations. As at December 31, 2016, 13.8% of our total debt was 
at floating interest rates. 

From time to time, the Trust may enter into floating-for-fixed interest rate swaps as part of its strategy for managing certain 
interest rate risks.  As at December 31, 2016, the carrying value of our floating rate debt, not subject to a hedging strategy, is 
$778 million. A 50 basis point increase in market interest rates would result in a $3.9 million decrease in our net income.

Joint Ventures and Co-ownerships

RioCan participates in joint ventures, partnerships and similar arrangements that may involve risks and uncertainties not present 
absent third-party involvement, including, but not limited to, RioCan's dependency on partners, co-tenants or co-venturers that 
are not under our control and that might compete with RioCan for opportunities, become bankrupt or otherwise fail to fund their 
share of required capital contributions, or suffer reputational damage that could have an adverse impact on the Trust. Additionally, 
our partners might at any time have economic or other business interests or goals that are different than or inconsistent with 
those of the Trust, and we may be required to take actions that are in the interest of the partners collectively, but not in RioCan's 
sole best interests.  Accordingly, we may not be able to favourably resolve issues with respect to such decisions, or we could 
become engaged in a dispute with any of them that might affect our ability to operate the business or assets in question.

Relative Illiquidity of Real Property 

Real estate investments are relatively illiquid as a large proportion of RioCan's capital is invested in physical assets which can be 
difficult to sell, especially if local market conditions are poor. A lack of liquidity could limit our ability to sell components of the 
portfolio promptly in response to changing economic or investment conditions. If RioCan were required to quickly liquidate its 
assets, there is a risk that we would realize sale proceeds of less than the current book value of our real estate investments. 

As well, certain significant expenditures involved in real property investments, such as property taxes, maintenance costs and 
mortgage payments, represent obligations that must be met regardless of whether the property is producing sufficient, or any, 
revenue. 

Unexpected Costs or Liabilities Related to Acquisitions 

A risk associated with a real property acquisition is that there may be an undisclosed or unknown liability concerning the acquired 
properties, and RioCan may not be indemnified for some or all of these liabilities. Following an acquisition, RioCan may discover 
that it has acquired undisclosed liabilities, which may be material. 

RioCan conducts what it believes to be an appropriate level of investigation in connection with its acquisition of properties and 
seeks through contract to ensure that risks lie with the appropriate party. 

Environmental Matters 

Environmental and ecological related policies have become increasingly important in recent years. Under various federal, 
provincial, state and municipal laws, RioCan, as an owner or operator of real property, could become liable for the costs of 
removal or remediation of certain hazardous or toxic substances released on or in its properties or disposed of at other locations. 
The failure to remove or remediate such substances, or address such matters through alternative measures prescribed by the 
governing authority, may adversely affect RioCan’s ability to sell such real estate or to borrow using such real estate as collateral, 
and could, potentially, also result in claims against the Trust. RioCan is not currently aware of any material non-compliance, 
liability or other claim in connection with any of its properties, nor is RioCan currently aware of any environmental condition with 
respect to any properties that it believes would involve material expenditures by the Trust. 

It is our policy to obtain a Phase I environmental audit conducted by a qualified environmental consultant prior to acquiring any 
additional property. In addition, where appropriate, tenant leases generally specify that the tenant will conduct its business in 
accordance with environmental regulations and be responsible for any liabilities arising out of infractions to such regulations. It is 
RioCan’s practice to regularly inspect tenant premises that may be subject to environmental risk. We maintain insurance to cover 
a sudden and/or accidental environmental mishap. 

Litigation 

RioCan’s operations are subject to a wide variety of laws and regulations across all of its operating jurisdictions and RioCan faces 
risks associated with legal and regulatory changes and litigation. In the normal course of operations, RioCan becomes involved in 
various legal actions, including claims relating to personal injury, property damage, property taxes, land rights, and contractual 
and other commercial disputes. The final outcome with respect to outstanding, pending or future actions cannot be predicted with 
certainty, and the resolution of such actions may have an adverse effect on our financial position or results of operations.  

RioCan retains external legal consultants to assist it in remaining current and compliant with legal and regulatory changes and to 
respond to litigation. 

93
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS

Key Personnel 

RioCan's executive and other senior officers have a significant role in our success and oversee the execution of RioCan's 
strategy.  Our ability to retain our management team or attract suitable replacements should any members of the management 
group leave is dependent on, among other things, the competitive nature of the employment market.  RioCan has experienced 
departures of key professionals in the past and may do so in the future, and we cannot predict the impact that any such 
departures will have on its ability to achieve its objectives.  The loss of services from key members of the management team or a 
limitation in their availability could adversely impact our financial condition and cash flow. 

We rely on the services of key personnel on our executive team, including its Chief Executive Officer, Edward Sonshine, our 
President and Chief Operating Officer, Raghunath Davloor and our Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and 
Corporate Secretary, Cynthia Devine and the loss of their services could have an adverse effect on RioCan. We mitigate key 
personnel risk through succession planning, but do not maintain key person insurance. 

Unitholder Liability 

There is a risk that RioCan’s unitholders could become subject to liability. The Trust’s Declaration provides that no unitholder or 
annuitant under a plan of which a unitholder acts as trustee or carrier will be held to have any personal liability as such, and that 
no resort shall be had to the private property of any unitholder or annuitant for satisfaction of any obligation or claim arising out of 
or in connection with any contract or obligation of RioCan. Only RioCan’s assets are intended to be subject to levy or execution. 
The Declaration further provides that, whenever possible, certain written instruments signed by RioCan must contain a provision 
to the effect that such obligation will not be binding upon unitholders personally or upon any annuitant under a plan of which a 
unitholder acts as trustee or carrier. In conducting its affairs, RioCan has acquired and may acquire real property investments 
subject to existing contractual obligations, including obligations under mortgages and leases that do not include such provisions. 
RioCan will use its best efforts to ensure that provisions disclaiming personal liability are included in contractual obligations 
related to properties acquired, and leases entered into, in the future. 

Certain provinces have legislation relating to unitholder liability protection, including British Columbia, Alberta, Saskatchewan, 
Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec. To RioCan’s knowledge, certain of these statutes have not yet been judicially considered and it is 
possible that reliance on such statute by a unitholder could be successfully challenged on jurisdictional or other grounds. 

Income Taxes 

RioCan currently qualifies as a mutual fund trust and REIT for income tax purposes. RioCan expects to distribute the Trust's 
taxable income to unitholders such that it will not be subject to tax. From time to time, RioCan may retain some taxable income 
and net capital gains in order to utilize the capital gains refund available to mutual fund trusts without incurring any income taxes. 
In order to maintain RioCan's current mutual fund trust status, the Trust is required to comply with specific restrictions regarding 
its activities and the investments held by the Trust.  If the Trust was to cease to qualify as a mutual fund trust, or a REIT for 
income tax purposes, the consequences could be material and adverse.

No assurance can be given that the provisions of the Income Tax Act (Canada) regarding mutual fund trusts and REITs will not be 
changed in a manner that adversely affects RioCan and its unitholders.  From year to year, there is a risk that the taxable 
allocation to unitholders can change depending upon the Trust's activities.

Foreign Currency Risk 

Foreign exchange risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate because of changes in 
foreign exchange rates.  As a result of the Trust's disposal of its U.S. property portfolio, repayment of U.S. denominated debt and 
exit from its U.S. operations, RioCan has significantly reduced its foreign exchange risk. 

Credit Ratings 

Real or anticipated changes in credit ratings on our debentures or preferred units may affect the market value thereof. In addition, 
real or anticipated change in credit ratings can affect the cost at which we can access the debenture or preferred unit market, as 
applicable. 

94
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RioCan
AUDITED ANNUAL
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS
FOR THE YEARS ENDED 
DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND 2015

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Audited Annual  
Consolidated Financial Statements

  96  Management’s Responsibility for Financial Reporting
  97 
Independent Auditors’ Report
  98  Consolidated Balance Sheets 
  99  Consolidated Statements of Income 
100  Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income
101  Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity
102   Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
103  Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

95
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

MANAGEMENT'S RESPONSIBILITY FOR FINANCIAL REPORTING

The management of RioCan Real Estate Investment Trust (RioCan) is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of the 
accompanying annual consolidated financial statements and Management's Discussion and Analysis (MD&A).  The consolidated 
financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS).    

The consolidated financial statements and information in the MD&A necessarily include amounts based on best estimates and 
judgments by management of the expected effects of current events and transactions with the appropriate consideration to 
materiality. In addition, in preparing this financial information, we must make determinations about the relevancy of information to 
be included, and estimates and assumptions that affect the reported information. The MD&A also includes information regarding 
the impact of current transactions and events, sources of liquidity and capital resources, operating trends, risks and uncertainties. 
Actual results in the future may differ materially from our present assessment of this information because future events and 
circumstances may not occur as expected. 

In meeting our responsibility for the integrity and fairness of the annual consolidated financial statements and MD&A and for the 
accounting systems from which they are derived, management has established the necessary internal controls designed to 
ensure that our financial records are reliable for preparing financial statements and other financial information, transactions are 
properly authorized and recorded, and assets are safeguarded against unauthorized use or disposition. 

As at December 31, 2016, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer evaluated, or caused an evaluation under their 
direct supervision, the design and operation of our internal controls over financial reporting (as defined in National Instrument 
52-109, Certification of Disclosure in Issuers’ Annual and Interim Filings) and, based on that assessment, determined that our 
internal controls over financial reporting were appropriately designed and operating effectively. 

The Board of Trustees oversees management’s responsibility for financial reporting through an Audit Committee, which is 
composed entirely of independent trustees. This committee reviews RioCan’s annual consolidated financial statements and 
MD&A with both management and the independent auditors before such statements are approved by the Board of Trustees. 
Other key responsibilities of the Audit Committee include selecting RioCan’s auditors, approving the consolidated financial 
statements and MD&A, and monitoring RioCan’s existing systems of internal controls. 

Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors appointed by the unitholders of RioCan upon the recommendation of the Board of 
Trustees, have examined our 2016 and 2015 annual consolidated financial statements and have expressed their opinion upon 
the completion of such examination in the following report to the unitholders. The auditors have full and free access to, and meet 
at least quarterly with, the Audit Committee to discuss their audits and related matters. 

Edward Sonshine, O.Ont., Q.C.

Cynthia Devine, FCPA, FCA

Chief Executive Officer

Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary

 Toronto, Canada 
 February 15, 2017

96
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

 
INDEPENDENT AUDITORS’ REPORT 

To the Unitholders of 
RioCan Real Estate Investment Trust 

We have audited the accompanying consolidated financial statements of RioCan Real Estate Investment Trust, which comprise 
the consolidated balance sheets as at December 31, 2016 and 2015, and the consolidated statements of income, comprehensive 
income, changes in equity, and cash flows for the years then ended, and a summary of significant accounting policies and other 
explanatory information. 

Management’s responsibility for the consolidated financial statements 

Management is responsible for the preparation and fair presentation of these consolidated financial statements in accordance 
with International Financial Reporting Standards, and for such internal control as management determines is necessary to enable 
the preparation of consolidated financial statements that are free from material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error. 

Auditors’ responsibility 

Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our 
audits in accordance with Canadian generally accepted auditing standards. Those standards require that we comply with ethical 
requirements and plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial 
statements are free from material misstatement. 

An audit involves performing procedures to obtain audit evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial 
statements. The procedures selected depend on the auditors’ judgment, including the assessment of the risks of material 
misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to fraud or error. In making those risk assessments, the 
auditors consider internal control relevant to the entity’s preparation and fair presentation of the consolidated financial statements 
in order to design audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on 
the effectiveness of the entity’s internal control. An audit also includes evaluating the appropriateness of accounting policies used 
and the reasonableness of accounting estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the 
consolidated financial statements. 

We believe that the audit evidence we have obtained in our audits is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our audit 
opinion. 

Opinion 

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of RioCan Real 
Estate Investment Trust as at December 31, 2016 and 2015, and its financial performance and its cash flows for the years then 
ended in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards. 

Toronto, Canada
February 15, 2017

97
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

 
 
                                                                                                                                                                                    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
           
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 

(In thousands of Canadian dollars)

As at

Assets

Investment properties

Deferred tax assets

Equity accounted investments

Mortgages and loans receivable

Residential inventory

Assets held for sale

Receivables and other assets

Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets

Liabilities

Debentures payable

Mortgages payable and lines of credit

Deferred tax liabilities

Liabilities associated with assets held for sale

Accounts payable and other liabilities

Total liabilities

Equity

Unitholders' equity:

Preferred

Common

Total unitholders’ equity

Non-controlling interests

Total equity

Total liabilities and equity

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements.  

Note

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

5

9

6

7

4

8

11

10

4

12

13

13

$

13,287,038

$

12,152,176

11,609

185,278

118,017

48,414

60,530

408,508

54,366

8,009

158,994

129,258

45,276

2,968,095

451,365

83,318

14,173,760

$

15,996,491

2,248,024

$

3,405,568

—

—

510,280

6,163,872

$

144,755

$

7,865,133

8,009,888

—

8,009,888

14,173,760

$

2,000,066

4,164,669

230,474

1,248,635

425,826

8,069,670

265,451

7,660,588

7,926,039

782

7,926,821

15,996,491

$

$

$

$

$

98
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME 

(In thousands of Canadian dollars, except per unit amounts)

Year ended December 31,

Revenue

Rental revenue

Residential inventory sales

Property and asset management fees

Operating costs

Rental operating costs

Recoverable under tenant leases

Non-recoverable costs

Residential inventory cost of sales

Operating income

Other income

Interest income

Income from equity accounted investments

Fair value gain (loss) on investment properties, net

Investment and other income

Other expenses

Interest costs

General and administrative

Leasing costs

Transaction and other costs

Long-term debt redemption costs

Income before income taxes

Deferred income tax expense (recovery)

Net income from continuing operations

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations

Net income

Net income attributable to

Unitholders

Non-controlling interests

Net income (loss) per unit - basic:

From continuing operations

From discontinued operations

Net income per unit - basic

Net income (loss) per unit - diluted:

From continuing operations

From discontinued operations

Net income per unit - diluted

Weighted average number of units (in thousands):

Basic

Diluted

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

Note

2016

2015

16

$

1,103,884

$

1,039,068

16,262

13,186

31,937

16,731

1,133,332

1,087,736

397,776

19,684

16,188

433,648

699,684

5,744

9,972

182,888

33,268

231,872

373,698

20,465

29,343

423,506

664,230

5,370

10,378

(91,548)

98,426

22,626

179,527

186,772

52,220

10,931

9,577

—

252,255

679,301

(3,850)

683,151

147,687

830,838

830,747

91

830,838

2.06

0.45

2.51

2.06

0.45

2.51

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

51,051

9,750

10,498

9,929

268,000

418,856

1,290

417,566

(275,129)

142,437

141,763

674

142,437

1.26

(0.86)

0.40

1.26

(0.86)

0.40

325,386

325,665

319,492

319,983

17

18

19

20

4

21

21

21

21

21

21

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

99
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

(In thousands of Canadian dollars) 

Year ended December 31,

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss):

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to income, net of tax:

Translation of foreign operations:

Unrealized gain (loss) during the year

Reclassified during the year to income

Interest rate swap agreements:

Unrealized gain (loss) during the year

Reclassified during the year to income

Unrealized gain on cross-currency interest rate swap agreements

Available-for-sale investment:

Unrealized gain during the year

Reclassified during the year to income

Items that are not to be reclassified to net income, net of tax:

Actuarial gain on pension plan

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax

Comprehensive income, net of tax

Comprehensive income, net of tax attributable to

Unitholders

Non-controlling interests

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

Note

2016

2015

$

830,838 $

142,437

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

13

(53,391)

(254,989)

214,200

(8,776)

16,125

(2,697)

74

51,408

(14,040)

(9,882)

—

—

14,105

—

693

(256,817)

574,021 $

535

210,182

352,619

573,930 $

351,945

91 $

674

$

$

$

100
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

(In thousands of Canadian dollars)

Balance, December 31, 2014

Changes during the year

Net income

Other comprehensive income

Units issued

Unit-based compensation awards

Distributions to unitholders

Balance, December 31, 2015

Balance, December 31, 2015

Changes during the year

Net income

Other comprehensive loss

Units issued 

Unit-based compensation awards

Unit redemptions

Preferred trust unit issue costs

Distributions to unitholders

Balance, December 31, 2016

Note

Preferred
equity

Common
trust units

Retained
earnings

Accumulated
OCI

$

265,451 $ 4,536,957 $

2,951,710 $

114,452 $

Total
unitholders’
equity
7,868,570 $

Non-
controlling
interests

Total
equity

298 $ 7,868,868

13

13

13

15

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

167,073

5,135

—

141,763

—

—

—

(466,684)

—

210,182

—

—

—

141,763

210,182

167,073

5,135

674

—

—

—

142,437

210,182

167,073

5,135

(466,684)

(190)

(466,874)

$

265,451 $ 4,709,165 $

2,626,789 $

324,634 $

7,926,039 $

782 $ 7,926,821

Note

Preferred
equity

Common
trust units

Retained
earnings

Accumulated
OCI

$

265,451 $ 4,709,165 $

2,626,789 $

324,634 $

Total
unitholders’
equity
7,926,039 $

Non-
controlling
interests

Total
equity

782 $ 7,926,821

—

—

—

—

(125,000)

4,304

—

—

—

100,334

1,640

—

—

—

13

13

13

13

13

15

830,747

—

—

—

—

(4,304)

(467,055)

—

(256,817)

—

—

—

—

—

830,747

(256,817)

100,334

1,640

(125,000)

—

(467,055)

91

—

—

—

830,838

(256,817)

100,334

1,640

(782)

(125,782)

—

(91)

—

(467,146)

$

144,755 $ 4,811,139 $

2,986,177 $

67,817 $

8,009,888 $

— $ 8,009,888

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

101
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

(In thousands of Canadian dollars)

Year ended December 31,

Operating activities

Net income (loss) from:

Continuing operations

Discontinued operations

Net income

Items not affecting cash:

Depreciation and amortization

Amortization of straight-line rent

Unit-based compensation expense

Income from equity accounted investments

Fair value (gains) losses on investment properties, net

Deferred income taxes (recovery)

Transaction (gain) loss, net on disposition of:

Available-for-sale securities

Canadian investment properties

U.S. investment properties

Adjustments for other changes in working capital items

Net operating cash flow activities

Investing activities

Acquisitions of investment property, net of assumed debt

Construction expenditures on properties under development

Capital expenditures on income properties

Expenditures for leasing commissions and tenant installation costs

Proceeds from sale of investment properties

Earn-outs on investment properties

Contributions to associates and joint ventures

Distributions received from equity accounted investments

Proceeds on disposition of an equity accounted investment

Advances of mortgages and loans receivable

Repayments of mortgages and loans receivable

Purchases of available-for-sale securities, net of financing

Proceeds from sale of available-for-sale securities, net of selling costs

Net investing cash flow activities

Financing activities

Proceeds from mortgage financing, net of issue costs

Repayments of mortgage principal

Advances from bank credit lines, net of issue costs

Repayment of bank credit lines

Proceeds from issuance of debentures, net of issue costs

Repayment of unsecured debentures

Distributions to common trust unitholders, net of distributions reinvested

Distributions to preferred trust unitholders

Distributions paid to non-controlling interests

Return of capital to non-controlling interests

Proceeds received from issuance of common units, net

Redemption of preferred units

Net financing cash flow activities

Net change in cash and cash equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

Supplemental cash flow information

Note

2016

2015

$

683,151

$

417,566

147,687

830,838

(275,129)

142,437

4,398

(8,006)

1,640

(9,972)

(199,787)

(234,525)

(14,040)

(6,075)

(65,116)

156,069

455,424

(556,203)

(249,429)

(46,780)

(47,593)

2,042,829

(7,022)

(26,750)

11,196

—

(3,894)

25,301

—

51,974

4,655

(9,328)

5,135

(6,233)

238,608

231,764

—

2,631

(7,529)

12,676

614,816

(732,635)

(187,062)

(34,705)

(33,208)

135,376

(2,034)

(3,108)

13,447

43,079

(24,255)

33,439

(12,749)

—

1,193,629

(804,415)

204,281

650,901

(1,599,076)

(704,195)

1,115,424

776,594

(1,154,814)

(341,830)

248,669

—

(397,143)

(8,667)

(91)

(782)

39,194

(125,000)

484,110

(349,900)

(309,614)

(13,590)

(190)

—

24,358

—

(1,678,005)

216,644

(28,952)

83,318

$

54,366

$

27,045

56,273

83,318

4

13

6

5

28

6

6

6

11

11

27

15

27

The accompanying notes are an integral part of the consolidated financial statements. 

102
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RioCan
NOTES TO
CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL 
STATEMENTS
(Audited – Canadian dollars, tabular amounts 
in millions, except per unit amounts or unless 
otherwise noted)
FOR THE YEARS ENDED 
DECEMBER 31, 2016 AND 2015

To facilitate a better understanding of RioCan’s consolidated financial statements, 
significant accounting policies and related disclosures, a listing of all the notes is 
provided below:

TABLE OF CONTENTS
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1.    General Information  
2.    Basis of Preparation and Statement of Compliance  
3.    Significant Accounting Policies  
4.    Assets Held for Sale, Liabilities Associated with Assets Held 

  for Sale and Discontinued Operations

  Mortgages and Loans Receivable    

5.    Investment Properties 
6.    Equity Accounted Investments 
7. 
8.    Receivables and Other Assets 
9.    Income Taxes    
10.   Mortgages Payable and Lines of Credit  
11.   Debentures Payable  
12.   Accounts Payable and Other Liabilities  
13.   Unitholders’ Equity 
14.   Unit-based Compensation Plans    
15.   Distributions to Unitholders 
16.   Rental Revenue 

104
104
106
114

116
120
121
121
122
122
123
124
124
126
127
128

17.   Investment And Other Income (Loss) 
18.   Interest Costs   
19.   General and Administrative 
20.   Transaction and Other Costs  
21.   Net Income (Loss) per Unit  
22.   Fair Value Measurement  
23.   Risk Management 
24.  Capital Management 
25.   Operating Leases 
26.   Subsidiaries 
27.   Supplemental Cash Flow Information 
28.   Changes in Other Working Capital Items 
29.   Related Party Transactions  
30.   Employee Benefits 
31.   Segmented Information   
32.   Contingencies and Other Commitments  
33.   Events after the Balance Sheet Date  

128
128
128
128
129
129
130
131
133
133
134
134
134
134
135
135
136

103
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

1.  GENERAL INFORMATION 

RioCan Real Estate Investment Trust and its subsidiaries (the Trust or RioCan) own, develop and operate Canada's largest 
portfolio of shopping centres. The parent trust, RioCan Real Estate Investment Trust, is an unincorporated closed-end trust 
governed under the laws of the Province of Ontario, Canada and constituted pursuant to a Declaration of Trust dated 
November 30, 1993, as most recently amended and restated on June 17, 2015 (the Declaration). The Trust’s corporate 
headquarters and registered head office are located at the RioCan Yonge Eglinton Centre, 2300 Yonge Street, Toronto, Ontario, 
Canada. 

RioCan's common trust units (units) and Series C preferred trust units are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange (TSX) under the 
ticker symbols REI.UN and REI.PR.C, respectively. 

These consolidated financial statements were authorized for issue by Board of Trustees on February 15, 2017.

2.  BASIS OF PREPARATION AND STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE 

(a)   Statement of compliance

RioCan’s consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) 
as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). 

(b)   Basis of presentation

These consolidated financial statements are prepared on a going concern basis using the historical cost method modified to 
include the fair value measurement of investment property and certain financial instruments, as set out in the relevant accounting 
policies.  The Trust presents its consolidated balance sheets based on the liquidity method, whereby all assets and liabilities are 
presented in increasing order of liquidity.  RioCan considers this presentation to be more relevant than a classified balance sheet 
as the Trust considers its operating cycle to be longer than one year. The notes to the consolidated financial statements 
distinguish between current and non-current assets and liabilities.  Current assets and liabilities are those expected to be 
recovered or settled within one year from the reporting period, and non-current assets and liabilities are those where the recovery 
or settlement is expected to be greater than a year from the reporting period. The accounting policies set out below have been 
applied consistently in all material respects.  Any IFRS not effective for the current accounting year are described in note 3. 
Certain comparative amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year's presentation.

(c)   Principles of consolidation 

These consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the parent trust, RioCan Real Estate Investment Trust, and its 
subsidiaries, after elimination of intercompany transactions, balances, revenues and expenses. 

(i)  Subsidiaries 

Subsidiaries are entities over which the Trust has control.  Control is achieved when RioCan is exposed, or has rights, to 
variable returns from its involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the 
investee.  Power may be determined on the basis of voting rights or, in the case of structured entities, other contractual 
arrangements. The Trust reassesses whether or not it controls an investee based on current facts and circumstances. 

All subsidiaries are consolidated from the date RioCan obtains control and continue to be consolidated until the date that 
such control ceases. When RioCan does not own all of the equity in a consolidated subsidiary, the non-controlling equity 
interest is presented as a separate component of total equity on the consolidated balance sheets. The net income 
attributable to non-controlling interests is separately disclosed in the Trust's consolidated statements of income.

(ii)  Associates and joint ventures 

Associates are entities over which RioCan has significant influence but not control or joint control, generally accompanying 
an ownership between 20% to 50% of the voting rights, although other factors such as the ability to impact key operating 
decisions could also indicate significant influence.

Joint ventures are entities over which the Trust has joint control and whereby the parties that share joint control have rights 
to the net assets of the joint venture. Joint control is the contractually agreed sharing of control of an arrangement, which 
exists only when decisions about the relevant activities require unanimous consent of the parties sharing control. 

Investments in associates and joint ventures are accounted using the equity method.  Under the equity method, the 
investment is initially recorded at cost and adjusted by RioCan's share of the post-acquisition results of operations and 
changes in the net assets of the associate or joint venture. The financial statements of RioCan's associates and joint 
ventures are prepared for the same reporting period as the Trust and where necessary, adjustments are made to bring the 
accounting policies of such entities in line with those of the Trust. 

(iii)  Joint operations 

A joint operation is a type of joint arrangement whereby the parties that have joint control of the arrangement have rights to 
the assets and obligations for the liabilities relating to the arrangement. RioCan records only its share of the assets, liabilities 
and share of the results of operations of the joint operation. The assets, liabilities and results of joint operations are included 
within the respective line items of the consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of income and consolidated 
statements of comprehensive income.

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

(d)   Significant judgments

The preparation of RioCan's consolidated financial statements requires management to make significant judgments that affect the 
carrying amounts of assets and liabilities, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. In the process of applying 
RioCan's accounting policies, management was required to apply judgment in the areas discussed below.   

Investment properties

RioCan's accounting policies relating to investment properties are described in note 3(c). In applying these policies, judgment is 
required in determining whether certain costs represent additions to the carrying amount of the property and in distinguishing 
between tenant incentives and capital improvements. 

Development properties

Development costs for properties under development are capitalized in accordance with the accounting policy in note 3(c). Initial 
capitalization of costs requires management’s judgment in determining when the project commences with active development 
and identifying at which time a development property is substantially completed. This amount includes capitalized common area 
maintenance, property taxes and borrowing costs on both specific and general debt.  

Leases - RioCan as a lessor

The Trust makes judgments in determining whether certain leases, in particular tenant leases where the Trust is the lessor, are 
either operating or finance leases. RioCan has determined, based on an evaluation of terms and conditions of the lease 
arrangements, that the Trust retains all the significant risks and rewards of ownership of these properties and accounts for these 
arrangements as operating leases. 

Income taxes

The Trust uses judgment to interpret tax rules and regulations and determining the appropriate rates and amounts in recording 
current and deferred income taxes, giving consideration to timing and probability.  Actual income taxes could significantly vary 
from these estimates as a result of future events, including changes in income tax law or the outcome of reviews by tax 
authorities and related appeals.  To the extent that the final tax outcome is different from the amounts that were initially recorded, 
such difference will impact the income tax provision in the period in which such determination is made.  

The recognition of deferred income tax assets and liabilities also requires significant judgment as the recognition is dependent on 
RioCan's projection of future taxable profits and tax rates that are expected to be in effect in the period the asset will be realized 
or the liability settled. Any changes to this projection will result in changes in the amount of deferred tax assets and liabilities on 
the consolidated balance sheets and the deferred tax expense in the consolidated statements of income.

Classification of assets and liabilities as held for sale and discontinued operations

Classification of assets or a disposal group as held for sale and discontinued operations requires judgment on whether the 
carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use and whether the sale 
is highly probable.

Significant influence

When determining the appropriate basis of accounting for RioCan's investees, the Trust makes judgments about the degree of 
influence that RioCan exerts directly or through an arrangement over the investees' relevant activities. This may include the ability 
to elect investee directors, appoint management or influence key decisions. 

(e)   Use of estimates and assumptions

The preparation of RioCan's consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that 
have a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, net income and related 
disclosures over the following reporting period. Estimates made by management are based on events and circumstances that 
existed at the consolidated balance sheet date.  Accordingly, actual results may differ from these estimates. 

Investment properties

Estimates and assumptions used in determining fair value of the Trust's investment properties include capitalization rates and 
stabilized net operating income (which is influenced by vacancy rates) used in the direct capitalization income approach. A 
change to any of these inputs could significantly alter the fair value of an investment property. 

Unit-based compensation

RioCan uses estimates and assumptions when determining the unit-based compensation expense during a reporting period.  The 
determination of the unit-based compensation expense resulting from the Trust's granting of employee unit options and 
performance equity unit awards depends on valuation models, which by their nature are subject to measurement uncertainty.  
The valuation method used to measure the fair value for each unit option awarded by RioCan is the Black-Scholes option pricing 
model.  This model requires the use of assumptions, such as expected stock price volatility and the use of historical data, that 
may not be reflective of future performance. The valuation method used to measure the fair value for each performance equity 
unit awarded by RioCan is the Monte Carlo simulation model, which requires the use of similar input assumptions.

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

3.  SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

The significant accounting policies (and any changes thereto) used in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements 
are summarized below.  These accounting policies conform, in all material respects, to IFRS.

Change in accounting policy

IFRS 11, Joint Arrangements (IFRS 11)

On January 1, 2016, the Trust adopted an amendment with respect to IFRS 11, Joint Arrangements: Accounting for Acquisitions 
of Interests in Joint Operations as issued by IASB in May 2014. The amendments provide guidance on how to account for the 
acquisition of an interest in a joint operation in which the activities constitute a business combination as defined in IFRS 3. 
Acquirers of such interests are to apply the relevant principals on business combination accounting under IFRS 3 and other 
standards, as well as disclose the relevant information specified in these standards for business combinations. This amendment 
did not result in a material impact to these consolidated financial statements.

IAS 1, Presentation of Financial Statements (IAS 1)

On January 1, 2016, the Trust adopted an amendment to IAS 1 clarifying certain existing IAS 1 requirements as issued by the 
IASB in December 2014. The amendments include the following: the materiality requirements in IAS 1; that specific line items in 
the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income and the consolidated balance sheets may be disaggregated; 
that entities have flexibility as to the order in which they present the notes to financial statements; that the share of other 
comprehensive income (OCI) of associates and joint ventures accounted for using the equity method be presented in aggregate 
as a single line item, and classified between those items that will or will not be subsequently reclassified to income. The 
amendments also clarify the requirements that apply when additional subtotals are presented in the consolidated balance sheets 
and the consolidated statements of income and OCI. These amendments did not result in a material impact on these 
consolidated financial statements.

Significant accounting policies

(a)   Business combinations

At the time of acquisition of property, whether through a controlling share investment or directly, the Trust considers whether the 
acquisition represents the acquisition of a business. The Trust accounts for an acquisition as a business combination where an 
integrated set of activities is acquired in addition to the property. More specifically, consideration is made of the extent to which 
significant processes are acquired. If no significant processes, or only insignificant processes, are acquired, the acquisition is 
treated as an asset acquisition rather than a business combination. 

The cost of a business combination is measured as the fair value of the assets given, equity instruments issued and liabilities 
incurred or assumed at the acquisition date. Identifiable assets acquired and liabilities and contingent liabilities assumed in a 
business combination are measured initially at fair value at the date of acquisition. The Trust recognizes assets or liabilities, if 
any, resulting from a contingent consideration arrangement at their acquisition date fair value and such amounts form part of the 
cost of the business combination. Subsequent changes in the fair value of contingent consideration arrangements are recognized 
in net income. The difference between the purchase price and the Trust’s net fair value of the acquired identifiable net assets and 
liabilities is goodwill. On the date of acquisition, the purchaser records positive goodwill as an asset. Negative goodwill is 
immediately recognized in the consolidated statements of income. Goodwill is not amortized and must be tested for impairment at 
least annually, or more frequently, if events or changes in circumstances indicate that impairment has occurred. 

RioCan expenses transaction costs associated with business combinations in the period incurred. 

When an acquisition does not meet the criteria for a business, it is accounted for as an acquisition of a group of assets and 
liabilities, the cost of which includes transaction costs that are allocated to the assets and liabilities acquired based upon their 
relative fair values.  No goodwill is recognized for asset acquisitions. 

(b)  Fair value measurement 

The Trust measures certain financial instruments, such as derivatives, and non-financial assets, such as investment properties, at 
fair value at each consolidated balance sheet date. Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to 
transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value is determined by 
incorporating all factors that market participants would consider in setting a price acting in their economic best interests, including 
commonly accepted valuation approaches.  The fair value measurement is based on the presumption that the transaction to sell 
the asset or transfer the liability takes place either: 

• 
• 

In the principal market for the asset or liability; or 
In the absence of a principal market, in the most advantageous market for the asset or liability that is accessible by 
RioCan.

A fair value measurement of a non-financial asset takes into account a market participant’s ability to generate economic benefits 
by using the asset in its "highest and best use" or by selling it to another market participant that would use the asset in its highest 
and best use. 

The Trust uses valuation techniques that are appropriate in the circumstances and for which sufficient data is available to 
measure fair value, maximizing the use of relevant observable inputs and minimizing the use of unobservable inputs. 

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the consolidated financial statements are categorized 
within the fair value hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value 
measurement as a whole: 

• 
• 

• 

Level 1 - quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities 
Level 2 - valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is directly 
or indirectly observable 
Level 3 - valuation techniques for which the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement is 
unobservable 

For assets and liabilities that are recognized in the consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis, the Trust determines 
whether transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by reassessing categorization (based on the lowest level input 
that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole) at the end of each reporting period. 

For the purpose of fair value disclosures, RioCan has determined classes of assets and liabilities on the basis of the nature, 
characteristics and risks of the asset or liability and the level of the fair value hierarchy as explained above. 

(c) 

Investment properties 

Investment properties are held to earn rental revenue or for capital appreciation or both. A key characteristic of an investment 
property is that it generates cash flows largely independently of the other assets held by an entity. 

Real estate property held under an operating lease is not classified as investment property. Instead, these leases are accounted 
for in accordance with IAS 17, Leases. Certain land leases held under an operating lease, however, are classified as investment 
property when the definition of an investment property is met. At the inception of these leases, investment property is recognized 
at the lower of the fair value of the property and the present value of the future minimum lease payments and an equivalent 
amount is recognized as a lease obligation. 

(i)    Income properties 

Income properties are initially measured at cost. Subsequent to initial recognition, income properties are recorded at fair 
value and related gains or losses arising from changes in fair value are recognized in net income in the period of change. 
The determination of fair value is based on, among other things, rental revenue from current leases and reasonable and 
supportable assumptions that represent what knowledgeable, willing parties would assume about rental revenue from future 
leases in light of current conditions, less future cash outflows in respect of tenant installation costs, income property 
operations and capital expenditures. 

(ii)   Properties under development 

Properties under development include those properties, or components thereof, that will undergo activities that will take a 
substantial period of time to prepare the properties for their intended use as income properties. 

The cost of a development property that is an asset acquisition comprises the amount of cash, or the fair value of other 
consideration, paid to acquire the property, including transaction costs. Subsequent to the acquisition, the cost of a 
development property includes costs that are directly attributable to these assets, including development costs, property 
taxes and borrowing costs on both specific and general debt.  Direct and indirect borrowing costs, development costs and 
property taxes are capitalized when the activities necessary to prepare an asset for development or redevelopment begin, 
and continue until the date that construction is substantially complete and all necessary occupancy and related permits have 
been received, whether or not the space is leased.  If RioCan is required as a condition of a lease to construct tenant 
improvements that enhance the value of the property, then capitalization of costs continues until such improvements are 
completed.  Capitalization of finance costs is suspended if there are prolonged periods when development activity is 
interrupted.

Interest capitalized is calculated using the Trust’s weighted average cost of borrowing after adjusting for borrowing 
associated with specific developments. Where borrowing is associated with specific developments, the amount capitalized is 
the gross interest incurred on such borrowing less any investment income arising on temporary investment of such 
borrowing. 

Properties under development are also adjusted to fair value at each consolidated balance sheet date with fair value 
adjustments recognized in net income. 

(d)  Residential inventory 

Residential inventory is assets acquired or developed that RioCan has no intention of using for rental income purposes and plans 
to sell in the ordinary course of business. The Trust expects to earn a return on such assets through a combination of property 
operating income earned during the holding period and sales proceeds. Residential inventory is recorded at the lower of cost, 
including pre-development expenditures and capitalized borrowing costs, and net realizable value, which RioCan determines 
using the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less estimated selling costs and development costs to 
complete.    

Residential inventory is reviewed for impairment at each reporting period date. An impairment loss is recognized in net income 
when the carrying value of the asset exceeds its net realizable value.

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

Transfers into residential inventory are based on a change in use evidenced by the commencement of development expenditures 
with a view to sell, at which point an investment property would be transferred to inventory.  Transfers from inventory to 
investment property are based on a change in use evidenced by management's commitment to use a property for rental 
purposes or the commencement of an operating lease to another party.  

(e)  Revenue recognition 

Revenue is recognized to the extent that it is probable that the economic benefits will flow to the Trust and the revenue can be 
reliably measured. Revenue is measured at the fair value of the consideration received. The following specific recognition criteria 
must also be met before revenue is recognized: 

(i)    Rental revenue 

Base rent

The Trust has not transferred substantially all of the benefits and risks of ownership of its investment properties and, 
therefore, accounts for leases with its tenants as operating leases. Rental revenue includes all amounts earned from tenants 
related to lease agreements including property tax and operating cost recoveries. Revenue recognition under a lease 
commences when the tenant has the right to use the leased asset, which is typically when the tenant takes possession of, or 
controls, the physical use of the leased property.  Generally, this occurs on the lease commencement date. When RioCan is 
required to make additions to the property in the form of tenant improvements that enhance the value of the property, 
revenue recognition begins upon substantial completion of such additions.

Tenant incentives are recognized as a reduction of rental revenue on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease where it 
is determined that the tenant fixturing has no benefit to RioCan beyond the existing tenancy. 

Straight-line rent

Certain leases contain rent escalation clauses or provide for tenant occupancy during periods for which no rent is due.  
RioCan records the total rental income on a straight-line basis over the full term of the lease, including the tenant fixturing 
period.  An accrued straight-line rent receivable is recorded from tenants for the difference between the straight-line rent and 
the rent that is contractually owing.

Percentage rent

Percentage rent is typically calculated based on a percentage of tenant sales over a specified threshold, which is in addition 
to base rent.  Percentage rents are recognized once the specified threshold has been achieved in accordance with each 
tenant lease.

Lease cancellation fees

Amounts payable by tenants to terminate their lease prior to the contractual expiry date are included in rental revenue as 
lease cancellation fees at the effective date of the lease termination. 

(ii)   Residential inventory

Income earned from the sale of residential inventory is recognized when all of the following conditions are met: a) the Trust 
has transferred to the purchaser the significant risks and rewards of ownership; b) income and costs can be reliably 
measured; c) the purchaser has made a substantial commitment demonstrating its intent to honour its obligation; and d) 
collection of any additional consideration is reasonably assured. 

Income from residential land sales, the sale of homes and residential condominium projects is recorded at the time that the 
risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred and collectibility of all proceeds is reasonably assured, which is 
generally when possession or title passes to the purchaser upon closing, all material conditions of the sales contract have 
been met and a significant cash down payment or appropriate security is received.

Directly attributable selling and disposition costs are expensed as incurred.

(iii)   Property and asset management fees

RioCan has interests in various investment properties through joint arrangements and investments in associates. The Trust 
provides asset and property management services to co-owners, partners and third parties for which it earns market-based 
construction, development, financing and arranging fees. 

Fees are recognized as the service or contract activity is performed using the percentage of completion method. Under the 
percentage of completion method, where services are provided over a specific period of time, revenue is recognized on a 
straight-line basis unless there is evidence that some other method would better reflect the pattern of performance. Where 
the contract outcome cannot be measured reliably, revenue is recognized only to the extent that the expenses incurred are 
eligible to be recovered. 

(iv)   Interest income 

Revenue is recognized as interest accrues using the effective interest method. 

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

(v)  Other income 

Transaction gains and losses

Transaction gains and losses are recognized on the settlement date and represent the excess proceeds of disposition 
relating to subsidiaries, investments or assets over their carrying values in the case of gains and the excess carrying value of 
assets over proceeds of disposition in the case of transaction losses.  Transaction gains and losses may also arise from the 
settlement of liabilities for more or less than their carrying values.

Available-for-sale investments

Other income also includes dividends and/or distributions arising on available-for-sale investments, which are recorded when 
the Trust's right to receive payment has been established, which is generally when the dividends and/or distributions are 
declared payable. 

(f)  Unit-based compensation 

RioCan and its subsidiaries issue unit-based equity-settled awards to certain employees. The cost of these unit-based payments 
equals the fair value of each tranche of options at their grant date. The cost of the unit options is recognized on a proportionate 
basis consistent with the vesting features of each tranche of the grant. 

RioCan has unit-based cash-settled compensation plans for independent trustees and certain employees. The cost of these unit-
based payments is measured at fair value and expensed over the vesting period with the recognition of a corresponding liability. 
The liability is remeasured at fair value at each reporting period date with the vested changes in fair value recorded in 
consolidated statements of income. 

(g)  Financial assets and financial liabilities 

Financial assets include RioCan's contractual rents receivable, mortgages and loans receivable, cash and cash equivalents, 
funds held in trust, available-for-sale securities and derivative contracts. Financial liabilities include RioCan's secured operating 
lines of credit, mortgages payable, debentures payable and accounts payable and certain other liabilities. 

The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount of consideration that could be agreed upon in an arm’s length transaction 
between knowledgeable, willing parties who are under no compulsion to act. In certain circumstances, however, the initial fair 
value may be based on other observable current market transactions in the same instrument without modification or on a 
valuation technique using market based inputs. The fair values of mortgages and loans receivable and debentures are based on 
the current market conditions for instruments with similar terms and risks. The fair values of term mortgages, designated hedging 
derivative instruments included in receivables and other assets and accounts payable and certain other liabilities are estimated 
based on discounted future cash flows using discount rates that reflect current market conditions for instruments with similar 
terms and risks. 

(h)  Recognition and measurement of financial instruments 

The Trust determines the classification of its financial assets and liabilities at initial recognition. Financial instruments are 
recorded initially at fair value and, in the case of financial assets and liabilities carried at amortized cost, adjusted for directly 
attributable transaction costs.

Measurement in subsequent periods depends on whether the financial instrument has been classified as held for trading, held to 
maturity, loans and receivables, available-for-sale or other liabilities. 

(i)    Held-for-trading 

Financial assets and financial liabilities classified as held for trading are measured at fair value with gains and losses 
recognized in net income. Transaction costs are expensed as incurred. Other than cash and cash equivalents, the Trust has 
no significant financial instruments classified as held for trading. 

Derivative instruments are recorded on the consolidated balance sheets at fair value. Changes in the fair values of derivative 
instruments are required to be recognized in net income, except for derivatives that are designated as cash flow hedges, in 
which case the fair value change for the effective portion of such hedging relationship is required to be recognized in OCI.  
See note 2(l) for further discussion of hedge accounting policies.

(ii)   Held to maturity, loans and receivables 

Financial assets classified as held to maturity, loans and receivables and other liabilities (other than those held for trading) 
are required to be measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. This method uses an effective interest 
rate that discounts estimated future cash receipts through the expected life of the financial asset or liability to the net carrying 
amount of the financial asset or liability. Amortized cost is computed using the effective interest method less any allowance 
for impairment. Gains and losses are recognized in net income when the loans and receivables are derecognized or 
impaired, as well as through amortization. 

The principal categories of the Trust’s financial assets and liabilities measured at amortized cost using the effective interest 
method include: (a) accounts receivable and payable; (b) mortgages and loans receivable, mortgages payable and 
mortgages payable associated with assets held for sale; and (c) debentures payable. 

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

Loans and receivables are financial instruments with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. 
Financial instruments with fixed or determinable payments and fixed maturities are classified as held to maturity only when 
the Trust has the positive intention and ability to hold it to maturity. 

(iii)   Available for sale 

Available for sale financial assets are financial assets that are not categorized as either held for trading or designated at fair 
value.   Available-for-sale financial assets are initially measured at fair value with direct transaction costs included in the 
carrying value of the asset.  Available for sale financial assets are subsequently measured at fair value with unrealized gains 
and losses recognized in OCI until the investment is derecognized or impaired, at which time the cumulative unrealized gain 
or loss is recognized in net income. 

Investments in equity instruments classified as available for sale that do not have a quoted market price in an active market 
and whose fair value cannot be reliably measured are measured at cost. 

(i) 

Impairment of financial assets 

The Trust assesses at each consolidated balance sheet date whether there is any objective evidence of impairment for each 
financial asset (or a group of financial assets). A financial asset is deemed to be impaired if there is objective evidence of 
impairment as a result of an event that has occurred after the initial recognition of the asset and that loss event has an impact on 
the estimated future cash flows of the financial asset that can be reliably estimated. Evidence of impairment may include 
indications that the debtor is experiencing financial difficulty, which may include default or delinquency in interest or principal 
payments, the probability that it will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganization, and where observable data indicate that 
there is a measurable decrease in the estimated future cash flows, such as changes in arrears payments or economic conditions 
that correlate with defaults. 

(i)    Impairment of loans and receivables 

Loans and receivables are considered impaired when there is objective evidence that the full carrying amount of the loan or 
receivable is not collectible.  

When an impaired loan is identified, the amount of the loss is measured as the difference between the asset’s carrying 
amount and the estimated realizable amount, which is measured by discounting the expected future cash flows at the 
original effective interest rate of the loan or receivable. This difference between the carrying amount and the estimated 
realizable value of the loan or receivable represents an impairment loss that is recognized in net income. Interest income 
continues to be accrued on the reduced carrying amount based on the original effective interest rate of the loan. Loans and 
receivables, together with the associated allowance, are written off when there is no realistic prospect of future recovery and 
all collateral has been realized or has been transferred to RioCan. If, in a subsequent year, the amount of the estimated 
impairment loss increases or decreases because of an event occurring after the impairment was recognized, the previously 
recognized impairment loss is increased or decreased by adjusting the carrying value of the loan or receivable. If a past 
write-off is later recovered, the recovery is recognized in net income. 

(ii)   Impairment of available-for-sale financial assets 

For available-for-sale financial assets, the Trust assesses at each consolidated balance sheet date whether there is objective 
evidence that an asset is impaired, which would include a significant or prolonged decline in the fair value of the investment 
below its cost. If the evaluation indicates that there is objective evidence of impairment, the investment is written down to its 
current fair value and a loss is recognized in net income.  Subsequent increases in the fair value of available-for-sale assets 
are recognized in OCI. 

In the case of debt instruments classified as available-for-sale, impairment is assessed based on the same criteria as 
financial assets carried at amortized cost. Interest continues to be accrued at the original effective interest rate on the 
reduced carrying amount of the asset and is recorded in interest income. If, in a subsequent year, the fair value of a debt 
instrument increases and the increase can be objectively related to an event occurring after the impairment loss was 
recognized in net income, the impairment loss is reversed through net income. 

(j)  Financial guarantee contracts 

Financial guarantee contracts are contracts issued by RioCan that contingently require the Trust to make specified payments to 
reimburse the holder for a loss it incurs because the specified debtor fails to make payment when due in accordance with the 
terms of a debt instrument. When a debtor default occurs, financial guarantees are recognized on the consolidated balance 
sheets initially as a liability measured at the fair value of the obligation undertaken in issuing the guarantee, adjusted for 
transaction costs that are directly attributable to the issuance of the guarantee. Subsequently, the liability is measured at the 
higher of (i) the amount initially recognized and (ii) the best estimate of the expenditure required to settle the present obligation at 
the consolidated balance sheet date. 

(k)  Offsetting of financial instruments 

Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amounts are reported in the consolidated balance sheets if there is 
an enforceable legal right to offset the recognized amounts and there is an intention to settle on a net basis, or to realize the 
assets and settle the liabilities simultaneously. 

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

(l)  Hedges 

From time to time, the Trust may enter into foreign currency contracts and interest rate swaps to hedge its foreign currency risks 
and interest rate risks, respectively.  Such derivative financial instruments are initially recognized at fair value on the date on 
which a derivative contract is entered into and are subsequently remeasured at fair value.  Derivatives are carried as financial 
assets when the fair value is positive and as financial liabilities when the fair value is negative. 

For the purpose of hedge accounting, hedges are classified as fair value hedges, cash flow hedges or hedges of a foreign 
currency exposure related to the net investment in a foreign operation. 

At the inception of a hedging relationship, RioCan formally designates and documents the hedging relationship to which the Trust 
is applying hedge accounting and the risk management objective and strategy for undertaking the hedge. The documentation 
includes identification of the hedging instrument, the hedged item or transaction, the nature of the risk being hedged and how the 
Trust will assess the hedging instrument’s effectiveness in offsetting the exposure to changes in the hedged item’s cash flows 
attributable to the hedged risk. Such hedges are expected to be highly effective in achieving offsetting changes in fair value or 
cash flows and are assessed on an ongoing basis to determine that they actually have been highly effective throughout the 
financial reporting periods for which they were designated. 

Cash flow hedges

A cash flow hedge is a hedge of the exposure to variability in cash flows that is attributable to a particular risk associated with a 
recognized asset or liability or a highly probable forecast transaction. In a cash flow hedging relationship, the effective portion of 
the gain or loss on the hedging instrument is recognized in OCI. The ineffective portion is recognized in net income. 

Hedge accounting ceases when the Trust revokes the hedging relationship; when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, 
terminated or exercised without replacement or rollover (as part of the hedging strategy); or when it no longer qualifies for hedge 
accounting.  Any gain or loss recognized in OCI and accumulated in equity at that time remains in equity until the forecast 
transaction is ultimately recognized in the consolidated statements of income. When a forecast transaction is no longer expected 
to occur, the gain or loss accumulated in equity is immediately recognized in the consolidated statements of income.

Net investment hedges

In hedging a foreign currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation, the effective portion of foreign exchange gains 
and losses on the hedging instrument is recognized in OCI and the ineffective portion is recognized in net income. The amounts, 
or a portion thereof, previously recorded in OCI within equity are recognized in net income on the disposal or partial disposal of 
the foreign operation. 

(m)  Comprehensive income 

Comprehensive income comprises net income and OCI, which generally would include unrealized gains and losses on financial 
assets classified as available for sale, unrealized foreign currency translation adjustments (net of hedging) arising from foreign 
operations, changes in the fair value of the effective portion of cash flow hedging instruments, and actuarial gains and losses 
related to RioCan's defined benefit pension plans. The Trust reports consolidated statements of comprehensive income 
comprising net income and OCI for the year. 

(n)  Income taxes 

Upon qualifying as a real estate investment trust (REIT) for Canadian income tax purposes in 2010, the Trust is considered, in 
substance, tax exempt and therefore does not account for income taxes. Prior to qualifying as a REIT, the Trust was considered 
taxable. Upon the Trust’s change in tax status, all deferred taxes of the Trust were reversed through net income or OCI based 
upon where the amounts initially arose. The Trust’s U.S. operations are qualifying U.S. REITs up to May 25, 2016 and are not 
subject to U.S. corporate income taxes. The Trust is subject to 30% or 35% withholding taxes on its distributions to Canada. The 
Trust consolidates certain wholly owned incorporated entities that continue to be subject to income taxes. These taxable 
subsidiaries, and the Trust prior to its change in tax status, account for income taxes as follows: 

(i)   Current income taxes 

The Trust qualifies as a mutual fund trust and a REIT for income tax purposes. The Trust intends to distribute all of its taxable 
income to unitholders and is entitled to deduct such distributions for income tax purposes. From time to time, RioCan may 
retain some taxable income and net capital gains in order to utilize the capital gains refund available to mutual fund trusts 
without incurring any income taxes. Accordingly, a provision for current income taxes payable is not required, except for 
amounts incurred in its incorporated Canadian taxable subsidiaries. 

The Trust’s U.S. subsidiary qualifies as a REIT for U.S. income tax purposes up to May 25, 2016. The subsidiary has 
distributed all of its U.S. taxable income to Canada and is entitled to deduct such distributions for U.S. income tax purposes. 
The Trust is subject to a 30% or 35% withholding tax on distributions to Canada. Any withholding taxes paid are recorded 
as distributions or income tax expense, depending on whether the tax is passed on to unitholders.

(ii)   Deferred income taxes 

Deferred income taxes are provided using the liability method for temporary differences at the consolidated balance sheet 
dates between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their carrying amounts for financial reporting purposes. 

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RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

Deferred income tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences, except: 

1.  Where the deferred income tax liability arises from the initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that 
is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects neither the accounting nor taxable income 
or loss; and 
In respect of taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries and interests in joint 
arrangements, where RioCan is able to control the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference and it is 
probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 

2. 

Deferred income tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that 
taxable profit will be available against which the deductible temporary differences, and the carryforward of unused tax credits 
and unused tax losses, can be utilized except: 

2. 

1.  Where the deferred income tax asset relating to the deductible temporary difference arises from the initial 
recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the 
transaction, affects neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit or loss; and 
In respect of deductible temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interests 
in jointly controlled entities, deferred income tax assets are recognized only to the extent that it is probable that the 
temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future and taxable profit will be available against which the 
temporary differences can be utilized. 

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply to undistributed profits in 
the year when the asset is realized or the liability is settled, based on tax rates and tax laws that have been enacted or 
substantively enacted at the consolidated balance sheet dates and reflect the tax consequences that would follow from the 
manner in which the entity expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets 
and liabilities. Deferred income taxes relating to temporary differences that are in equity are recognized in equity. 

Deferred income tax assets and deferred income tax liabilities of the same taxable entity related to the same taxation 
authority are offset. 

(o)  Equipment and leasehold improvements

Equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and accumulated impairment in value, 
if any. Depreciation is recorded on a straight-line basis over the following expected useful lives:  

Computer hardware
Furniture and equipment
Management information systems
Leasehold improvements

(p)  Intangible assets 

3 to 5 years
5 years
5 to 10 years
Lease term plus first renewal, if renewal is reasonably assured

The Trust’s intangible assets comprise its management information systems and computer application software that is initially 
recognized at cost and amortized over its estimated useful life (5 to 10 years) on a straight-line basis. The cost of self-built 
management information systems and software includes the cost of materials, direct labour, and interest expense. Capitalization 
ceases and depreciation commences once the asset is in the location and condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in 
the manner intended by management. 

(q)  Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash and short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less. 

(r)  Provisions 

Provisions are recognized when the Trust has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, when it is 
probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable 
estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Where the Trust expects some or all of a provision to be reimbursed, for 
example under an insurance contract, the reimbursement is recognized as a separate asset but only when the reimbursement is 
virtually certain. The expense relating to any provision is presented in net income, net of any reimbursement. If the effect of the 
time value of money is material, provisions are discounted using a current rate that reflects, where appropriate, the risks specific 
to the liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a finance 
cost. 

(s)  Foreign currency translation 

These consolidated financial statements are presented in Canadian dollars, which is the functional and presentation currency of 
the Trust. 

Assets and liabilities of operations having a functional currency other than the Canadian dollars are translated at the rate of 
exchange at the consolidated balance sheet dates. Revenue and expenses are translated at average rates for the year, unless 
exchange rates fluctuated significantly during the year, in which case the exchange rates at the dates of the transaction are used. 
Gains or losses on translating a foreign operation are included in OCI as a component of equity. 

112
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using exchange rates prevailing at the date of the 
transactions. Foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities are translated using the prevailing rate of exchange at 
the consolidated balance sheet dates. Gains and losses on translation of monetary items are recognized in the consolidated 
statements of income in general and administrative expenses, except for those related to monetary liabilities qualifying as hedges 
of the Trust’s investment in foreign operations or certain intercompany loans to a foreign operation for which settlement is neither 
planned nor likely to occur in the foreseeable future, which are included in OCI as a component of equity. 

(t)  Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations

Non-current assets (and disposal groups) are classified as held for sale if their carrying amounts will be recovered principally 
through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use. This condition is satisfied when the asset is available for immediate 
sale in its present condition, management is committed to the sale, and it is highly probable to occur within one year. 

Non-current assets (and disposal groups) classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their previous carrying amount 
and fair value less costs to sell and are presented separately from other assets on the Trust's consolidated balance sheets.  
These measurement requirements do not apply to non-current assets, including the Trust's properties held for sale, that are 
accounted for in accordance with the fair value model in IAS 40. Comparative information is not adjusted to reflect the held for 
sale classification in the consolidated balance sheet for the latest period presented.

A disposal group is classified as a discontinued operation if it meets the following conditions: (i) it is a component that can be 
distinguished operationally and financially from the rest of the Trust's operations and (ii) it represents either a separate major line 
of business or geographic area or is part of a single coordinated plan to dispose of a separate major line of business or 
geographical area of operations.  Disposal groups classified as discontinued operations are presented separately from continuing 
operations in the consolidated statements of income.  The comparative consolidated statement of income is presented as if the 
operation had been discontinued from the start of the comparative year.

(u)  Employee future benefits 

The Trust operates a defined contribution pension plan and three defined benefit pension plans for certain employees. 

The cost of providing benefits under the defined benefit plans is determined separately for each plan. Actuarial gains and losses 
for the defined benefit plans are recognized in OCI, in full, in the period in which they occur and are not reclassified to profit or 
loss in subsequent periods. The past service costs are recognized as an expense on a straight-line basis over the average period 
until the benefits become vested. If the benefits have already vested, immediately following the introduction of, or changes to, a 
pension plan, past service costs are recognized immediately. 

The defined benefit asset or liability comprises the present value of the defined benefit obligation (using a discount rate based on 
non-callable investment grade fixed income securities), less unamortized past service costs and less the fair value of plan assets 
out of which the obligations are to be settled. 

The Trust expenses its required contributions to the defined contribution pension plan. 

(v)  Future changes in accounting policies

RioCan monitors the potential changes proposed by the IASB and analyzes the effect that changes in the standards may have on 
its operations. 

Standards issued but not yet effective up to the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements are described below. 
This description is of the standards and interpretations issued that the Trust reasonably expects to be applicable at a future date. 
The Trust intends to adopt these standards when they become effective. 

IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (IFRS 15)

IFRS 15 was issued in May 2014 and establishes a new five-step model that will apply to revenue arising from contracts with 
customers. Under IFRS 15, revenue is recognized at an amount that reflects the consideration to which an entity expects to be 
entitled in exchange for transferring goods or services to a customer. The principles in IFRS 15 provide a more structured 
approach to measuring and recording revenue. The new revenue standard is applicable to all entities and will supersede all 
current revenue recognition requirements under IFRS. Either a full or modified retrospective application is required for annual 
periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. RioCan is currently assessing the impact of IFRS 15 
and intends to adopt the new standard on the required effective date. 

IFRS 9, Financial Instruments (IFRS 9) 

In July 2014, the IASB issued the final version of IFRS 9, which reflects all phases of the financial instruments project and 
replaces IAS 39, Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement and all previous versions of IFRS 9. The standard 
introduces new requirements for classification and measurement, impairment, and hedge accounting. IFRS 9 establishes 
principles for the financial reporting of financial assets and financial liabilities that will present relevant and useful information to 
users of financial statements for their assessment of the amounts, timing and uncertainty of an entity’s future cash flows. This 
new standard also includes new general hedge accounting guidance, which will align hedge accounting more closely with risk 
management. It does not completely change the types of hedging relationships or the requirement to measure and recognize 
ineffectiveness; however, it will allow more hedging strategies that are used for risk management to qualify for hedge accounting 
and introduce more judgment to assess the effectiveness of a hedging relationship. IFRS 9 also introduces an expected loss 
impairment model for all financial assets not measured at fair value through profit or loss that requires recognition of expected 
credit losses rather than incurred losses as applied under the current standard.  IFRS 9 is effective for annual periods beginning 

113
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

on or after January 1, 2018, with early application permitted. RioCan is currently assessing the impact of IFRS 9 and intends to 
adopt the new standard on the required effective date. 

IFRS 16, Leases (IFRS 16)

In January 2016, the IASB issued IFRS 16. The new standard brings most leases on-balance sheet for lessees under a single 
model, eliminating the distinction between operating and finance leases. Lessor accounting, however, remains largely 
unchanged, and the distinction between operating and finance leases is retained. This standard would be effective for the Trust's 
annual periods beginning after January 1, 2019 with earlier adoption permitted. RioCan is currently assessing the impact of IFRS 
16 and intends to adopt the new standard on the required effective date.

IAS 40, Investment Property (IAS 40)

During December 2016, the IASB issued an amendment to IAS 40 clarifying certain existing requirements. The amendment 
requires that an asset be transferred to or from investment property only when there is a change in use. A change in use occurs 
when the property meets, or ceases to meet, the definition of investment property and there is evidence of the change in use. In 
isolation, a change in management’s intentions for the use of a property does not provide evidence of a change in use. These 
amendments are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2018, with earlier adoption permitted.  RioCan is 
currently assessing the impact on its consolidated financial statements and intends to adopt the amended standard on the 
required effective date.

4.  ASSETS HELD FOR SALE, LIABILITIES ASSOCIATED WITH ASSETS HELD FOR SALE AND 

DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS 

Discontinued operations

On May 24, 2016, RioCan completed the sale of its U.S. portfolio of 49 retail properties located in the Northeastern U.S. and 
Texas at a total sale price of US$1.9 billion. RioCan received cash proceeds of approximately US$1.0 billion on closing, net of 
approximately US$0.9 billion in mortgage debt extinguishment. In connection with the sale, the Trust recorded a gain on 
disposition of $65 million, including foreign currency exchange gain, which is included in other income from discontinued 
operations on the consolidated statement of income.

The results of the Trust's discontinued operations are as follows:

Year ended December 31,

Rental revenue

Rental operating costs

Recoverable under tenant leases

Non-recoverable costs

Operating income

Other income (loss)

Loss from equity accounted investments

Fair value gains (losses) on investment property, net

Other income

Other expenses

Interest costs

General and administrative

Leasing costs

Transaction costs

Income (loss) before income taxes

Income taxes (recovery)

Current

Deferred

2016

$

98,704 $

2015

233,613

51,995

3,175

55,170

43,534

—

16,899

66,404

83,303

18,927

1,491

706

53,562

74,686

52,151

135,139

(230,675)

(95,536)

60,551

6,272

66,823

166,790

(4,145)

(147,060)

7,529

(143,676)

49,253

4,148

2,022

3,868

59,291

(36,177)

8,478

230,474

238,952

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations

$

147,687 $

(275,129)

114
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

Other income

In connection with the U.S. asset sale during May 2016, other income includes a $255 million realized foreign currency exchange 
gain reclassified from other comprehensive income, partly offset by a $190 million portfolio discount in connection with the U.S. 
asset sale.  

Transaction costs

Also in connection with the U.S. property portfolio sale, transaction costs includes $54 million of costs directly related to the 
Trust's exit from its U.S. operations, consisting of investment banking fees, legal fees, lender consent costs, franchise and land 
transfer taxes, costs related to unwinding the Trust's net investment hedge, employee severance and other transaction closing 
costs.  

Income taxes 

Prior to the sale of RioCan's U.S. property portfolio, the Trust's U.S. subsidiary qualified as a REIT for U.S. income tax 
purposes.  The subsidiary distributed all of its U.S. taxable income (if any) to Canada and was entitled to deduct such 
distributions for U.S income tax purposes.  The Trust is subject to withholdings tax at 30% to 35% on distributions to Canada. 
Any withholding taxes paid are recorded as distributions or current income tax expense, depending on whether the withholding 
tax is passed onto unitholders or deducted for Canadian tax purposes. 

For the year ended December 31, 2016, RioCan recorded current income taxes of $135 million, primarily representing the 
income taxes related to a realized gain on disposal of the Trust's U.S. income properties, since RioCan does not intend to 
distribute any withholding taxes paid or payable to its unitholders.

During 2015, RioCan had recognized a deferred tax expense of $230 million primarily representing a taxable temporary 
taxable difference calculated based on the difference between fair value accounting and tax cost basis of the Trust's U.S. 
investment properties. For the year ended December 31, 2016, upon the transaction closing, the Trust also recorded a 
recovery of deferred taxes mainly resulting from the reversal of the temporary difference between the IFRS carrying value and 
the tax cost of the U.S. income properties.

Assets held for sale and liabilities associated with assets held for sale

Presented below are details of the Trust's assets and liabilities held for sale:

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

The change in the carrying value of the Trust's U.S. income properties is as follows:

As at

Assets

Income properties

Properties under development

Total assets held for sale

Liabilities

Mortgages payable

Net assets

U.S. income properties 

Year ended December 31,

Balance, beginning of year

Acquisitions

Capital expenditures

Tenant installation costs

Fair value gain, net

Foreign currency translation gain (loss)

Straight-line rent

Other changes

Loss on disposition

Dispositions

Balance, end of year

Properties held for sale

$

$

$

25,341

35,189

60,530

$

$

—

60,530

$

2016

$

2,796,973 $

—

569

5,621

16,899

(186,720)

743

(1,414)

(189,873)

(2,442,798)

2,925,960

42,135

2,968,095

1,248,635

1,719,460

2015

2,392,285

53,698

4,551

13,983

(147,060)

476,755

2,142

619

—

—

$

— $

2,796,973

RioCan has one income property held for sale as at December 31, 2016 with a carrying value of $25 million. In addition, the Trust 
has four land parcels held for sale with an aggregate carrying value of approximately $35 million. 

115
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

Cash flows associated with discontinued operations

The net cash flows associated with discontinued operations are as follows:

Year ended December 31,

Net income (loss) from discontinued operations

$

Adjustments for non-cash items

  Deferred income taxes

  Fair value (gains) losses on investment properties, net

  Net gain on sale of income properties and equity accounted investment

Adjustments for net changes in operating assets and liabilities

Net operating cash flow activities

  Proceeds from the sale of income properties

  Proceeds from sale of joint venture

  Cash used in acquisitions of income properties

  Other

Net investing cash flow activities

  Proceeds from (Repayment of) mortgages payable

  Repayment of parent REIT loan

  Loan advances (to) from parent REIT

Net financing cash flow activities

Net change in cash

5.  INVESTMENT PROPERTIES

As at December 31,

Income properties

Properties under development

Income properties

Year ended December 31,

Balance, beginning of year

Acquisitions

Dispositions

Capital expenditures

Leasing commissions and tenant installation costs

Transfers from properties under development

Transfers to properties under development

Fair value gains (losses), net 

Straight-line rent (i)

Earn-out consideration

Other changes

Balance, end of year

Income properties

Properties held for sale

2016

147,687 $

(230,675)

(16,899)

(65,116)

110,083

(54,920)

1,951,312

—

—

(4,776)

1,946,536

(668,253)

(566,433)

(672,119)

(1,906,805)

2015

(275,129)

230,474

147,060

(7,529)

10,696

105,572

—

43,079

(53,698)

(18,347)

(28,966)

95,051

(272,932)

107,083

(70,798)

5,808

$

(15,189) $

$

$

$

$

$

$

2016

12,406,719

880,319

13,287,038

$

$

2015

11,322,109

830,067

12,152,176

2016

2015

11,451,096

$

10,861,112

594,538

(119,813)

52,899

48,261

274,140

(21,019)

134,692

7,263

7,380

2,623

12,432,060

12,406,719

25,341

12,432,060

$

$

$

962,432

(424,561)

37,484

24,363

230,646

(172,499)

(78,759)

6,737

2,370

1,771

11,451,096

11,322,109

128,987

11,451,096

(i) 

Included in investment properties is $114 million of net rents receivable arising from the recognition of rental revenue on a straight-line basis over 
the lease term (December 31, 2015 - $107 million).

116
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

Properties under development 

Year ended December 31,

Balance, beginning of year

Acquisitions

Dispositions

Development expenditures

Completion of properties under development

Transfers from income properties

Transfers from residential inventory

Fair value gains (losses), net

Other

Balance, end of year

Properties under development

Properties held for sale

Acquisitions

2016

$

872,202

$

10,043

(5,436)

243,243

(274,140)

21,019

—

48,196

381

915,508

880,319

35,189

915,508

$

$

$

$

$

$

2015

706,299

25,301

(6,700)

187,293

(230,646)

172,499

31,309

(12,789)

(364)

872,202

830,067

42,135

872,202

The following table summarizes the Trust's acquisitions of investment property for rental income and future development 
opportunities:

As at December 31,

Investment properties acquired

Debt assumed

Difference between principal amount and fair value assumed of
mortgage financing

Total consideration, net of debt assumed

Income properties

Properties under development

2016

2015

2016

594,538 $

1,016,759 $

10,043 $

(48,416)

(296,265)

(757)

(12,018)

—

—

2015

25,301

—

—

545,365 $

708,476 $

10,043 $

25,301

$

$

On July 27, 2016, RioCan acquired Canada Pension Plan Investment Board's (CPPIB) 50% interests in four income properties 
that were previously co-owned for an aggregate purchase price of $352 million, representing a weighted average capitalization 
rate of 5.7%. RioCan did not assume any additional debt from CPPIB in connection with this acquisition.

Dispositions

The following table summarizes the Trust's dispositions of non-core properties as part of a process to recycle capital into future 
developments and property acquisition opportunities:

As at December 31,

Investment properties disposed

Gain on disposition recorded in other income

Total consideration

Mortgages associated with investment property dispositions

Other (i)

Total consideration, net of related debt

Income properties

Properties under development

2016

2015

119,813 $

448,215 $

6,075

—

2016

5,436 $

—

125,888 $

448,215 $

5,436 $

(29,359)

(155,205)

—

(9,967)

—

—

96,529 $

283,043 $

5,436 $

$

$

$

2015

—

—

—

—

—

—

(i)  Represents a sales price adjustment for the assumption of a land lease commitment. 

Properties held under lease

Included in investment properties are three properties that are subject to land operating leases with third parties. Two of the land 
leases expire in 2029 and do not include buy-out options, whereas the final land lease expires in 2020 and carries a buy-out 
option.

In accordance with IFRS, the Trust has elected to recognize these operating leases as investment properties and record a related 
finance lease obligation. The carrying amount of these properties is $274 million (December 31, 2015 - $280 million) and the 
corresponding finance lease obligation is $19 million (December 31, 2015 - $20 million) and is included in accounts payable and 
other liabilities. 

117
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

Future minimum lease payments under these finance leases are as follows:

Within 12 months

2 to 5 years

Over 5 years

Total minimum lease payments

Less: Future interest costs

Present value of minimum lease payments

Valuation methodology 

Fair value

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

$

$

$

2,232 $

8,461

15,057

25,750 $

7,097

18,653 $

2,232

8,811

16,938

27,981

8,130

19,851

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between 
market participants at the measurement date (i.e. an exit price).  Expectations about future improvements or modifications to be 
made to the investment property to reflect its highest and best use may be considered in the valuation.  

Investment properties and properties held for sale are carried at fair value and the Trust uses significant unobservable inputs to 
estimate fair value of these assets at each reporting date. See below for further description of inputs used by the Trust in 
estimating the fair value of its properties.  Significant unobservable inputs are classified as Level 3 inputs under IFRS.  See note 
22 for further details.

Quoted market prices in active markets are the best evidence of fair value and are used as the basis for fair value measurement, 
when available. When quoted market prices are not available, judgment is required to estimate fair value based on the best 
information available, including prices for similar assets and the use of other valuation techniques. These valuation techniques 
are consistent with the objective of measuring fair value and involve a degree of estimation depending on the availability of 
market-based information. 

Valuation processes  

Internal valuations

RioCan measures the vast majority of its investment properties, including co-owned properties, using valuations prepared by its 
internal valuation team. This team consists of individuals who are knowledgeable and have specialized industry experience in 
real estate valuations and report directly to a senior member of the Trust's management. The internal valuation team's processes 
and results are reviewed and approved by the Valuations Committee on a quarterly basis, in line with the Trust's quarterly 
reporting dates. 

The Trust's Valuations Committee is responsible for approving any fair value changes to the investment properties and consists of 
senior management of the Trust including the President & Chief Operating Officer; Chief Financial Officer; and other executive 
members.

External valuations

Depending on the property asset type and location, management may opt to obtain independent third party valuations from firms 
that employ experienced valuation professionals having the required qualifications in property appraisals for purposes of adopting 
such appraised values in the case of land parcels or assessing the reasonableness of its internal investment property valuations.  
During the year, the Trust obtained a total of 22 external property appraisals (including 13 vacant land parcels), which supported 
an IFRS fair value of approximately $1.1 billion or 8% of the Trust's investment property portfolio as at December 31, 2016. 

The internal valuation team also verifies all major inputs used by the external valuator in preparing the valuation report, assesses 
changes to fair value by comparing the current year fair value against the fair value determined in the prior year valuation report, 
and holds discussions with the external valuator. Commencing January 1, 2017, the Trust intends to select approximately six 
income properties for external appraisal on a quarterly basis. 

Valuation techniques 

Income properties

The internal valuation team estimates the fair value of each income property based on a valuation technique known as the direct 
capitalization income approach. The fair value is determined by applying a capitalization rate to stabilized net operating income 
(SNOI).  The significant unobservable inputs are based on:

• 

• 

SNOI - is based on budgeted rents and expenses and supported by the terms of any existing lease, other contracts or 
external evidence such as current market rents for similar properties, adjusted to incorporate allowances for estimated 
vacancy rates, management fees and structural reserves for capital expenditures based on current and expected future 
market conditions after expiry of any current lease and expected maintenance costs. The resulting capitalized value is then 
adjusted for non-recoverable capital expenditures as well as other costs inherent in achieving and maintaining SNOI.

The capitalization rate - is based on the location and quality of the properties and takes into account market data at the 
valuation date.

118
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

Generally, a change in the assumption made for the estimated rental value is accompanied by a directionally similar change in 
the rent growth per annum and an opposite change in the long-term vacancy rate.  Each of these inputs when increased or 
decreased, in isolation, would not result in a material change in the fair value of the Trust's investment properties.  As a result, 
management does not consider these variables as key inputs in estimating the fair value of income property.

Properties under development

Management uses an internal valuation process to estimate the fair value of properties under development that consist of 
undeveloped land on a land value per acre basis using the particular attributes of the project with respect to zoning and pre-
development work performed on the site. Where a site is partially developed, the direct capitalization method is applied to 
capitalize the pro forma NOI, stabilized with market allowances, from which the costs to complete the development are deducted. 
The significant unobservable inputs are based on:

• 

Pro forma SNOI - is based on the location, type and quality of the properties and supported by the terms of actual or 
anticipated future leases, other contracts or external evidence such as current market rents for similar properties, adjusted 
for estimated vacancy rates based on expected future market conditions and estimated maintenance costs, which are 
consistent with internal budgets, based on management's experience and knowledge of the market conditions.

•  Costs to complete - are derived from internal budgets based on management's experience and knowledge of the market 

conditions. 

The primary method of valuation for land acquired for development is the comparable sales approach, which considers recent 
sales activity for similar land parcels in the same or similar markets.  Land values are estimated using either a per acre or per 
buildable square foot basis based on highest and best use. Such values are applied to RioCan's properties after adjusting for 
factors specific to the site, including its location, intended use, zoning, servicing and configuration.

The table below summarizes the classification, valuation approach and inter-relationship between the Level 3 key unobservable 
inputs and fair value measurements for the Trust's investment properties:

Classification

Valuation
approach

Key 
unobservable 
input

Income producing properties /
Properties under development

Direct capitalization
income approach

Capitalization rate

Relationship between key unobservable inputs
and fair value measurement

There is an inverse relationship between the
capitalization rate and the fair value; in other words,
the higher the capitalization rate, the lower the
estimated value.

SNOI

Generally, an increase in SNOI will result in an
increase in the estimated fair value of the properties.

Properties under development -
undeveloped land

Comparable sales
approach

Market
comparison

Land value is in line with market trends.

As at December 31, 2016, the weighted average capitalization rate for the Trust's investment properties and Canadian properties 
held for sale is 5.64% (December 31, 2015 - 5.72%). 

Sensitivity analysis of changes in capitalization rates 

The following table is a sensitivity applied to the portion of the Trust's investment properties and properties held for sale carrying 
value that is measured using the direct capitalization approach and, therefore, is sensitive to changes in capitalization rates:

Capitalization rate sensitivity
Increase (decrease)

Weighted average
capitalization rate Fair value of properties Fair value variance % change

Ratio of debt, net of
cash, to total assets,
net of cash

(1.00%)

(0.75%)

(0.50%)

(0.25%)

4.64%

4.89%

5.14%

5.39%

15,854,720

15,044,151

14,312,432

13,648,590

December 31, 2016

5.64% $

13,043,592 $

0.25%

0.50%

0.75%

1.00%

5.89%

6.14%

6.39%

6.64%

12,489,966

11,981,417

11,512,660

11,079,202

2,811,128

2,000,559

1,268,840

604,998

—

(553,626)

(1,062,175)

21.55 %

15.34 %

9.73 %

4.64 %

— %

(4.24)%

(8.14)%

(1,530,932)

(11.74)%

(1,964,390)

(15.06)%

33.07%

34.73%

36.39%

38.03%

39.66%

41.27%

42.88%

44.48%

46.07%

Sensitivity analysis of changes in SNOI and capitalization rates 

In addition, a 1% increase in SNOI would result in a higher portfolio fair value of $130 million. A 1% decrease in SNOI would 
result in a lower portfolio fair value of $130 million. A 1% increase in SNOI coupled with a 0.25% decrease in capitalization rates 
would result in a higher portfolio fair value of $741 million. A 1% decrease in SNOI coupled with a 0.25% increase in capitalization 
rates would result in a lower portfolio fair value of $679 million.

119
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

6.  EQUITY ACCOUNTED INVESTMENTS 
The Trust has certain equity method accounted investments in associates and joint ventures. The following table details the 
Trust's ownership interest in each equity investee:

Equity Investee

Dawson-Yonge LP

RioCan-HBC JV

WhiteCastle New Urban Fund, LP (WNUF)

WhiteCastle New Urban Fund 2, LP (WNUF 2)

WhiteCastle New Urban Fund 3, LP (WNUF 3)

Principal activity

December 31, 2016 December 31, 2015

Owns and operates an income
property

Owns and operates income
properties

Development and sale of residential
inventory

40.0%

11.6%

14.2%

19.3%

20.0%

40.0%

10.3%

14.2%

19.3%

20.0%

The following table shows the changes in the aggregate carrying value of RioCan's investment in associates and joint ventures:

Year ended December 31,

Balance, beginning of year

Contributions

Share of net income (loss) from:

Continuing operations

Discontinued operations

Disposals

Distributions

Other

Balance, end of year

$

2016

158,994 $

26,750

9,972

—

—

(11,196)

758

$

185,278 $

2015

63,016

150,121

10,378

(4,145)

(43,079)

(13,447)

(3,850)

158,994

Financial results of equity accounted investees

The following tables present the financial results of RioCan's equity accounted investees on a 100% basis:

As at December 31,

2016

2015

Current assets

Non-current assets

Current liabilities

Non-current liabilities (i)

Net assets

RioCan-
HBC JV

Other

Total

RioCan-
HBC JV

Other

Total

$

9,067 $

105,298 $

114,365

$

1,985 $

93,927 $

95,912

1,980,330

22,100

2,002,430

1,947,903

21,200

1,969,103

10,675

546,114

4,586

52,291

15,261

598,405

4,417

549,732

5,719

34,970

10,136

584,702

$ 1,432,608 $

70,521 $ 1,503,129

$ 1,395,739 $

74,438 $ 1,470,177

Equity accounted investments

$

167,581 $

17,697 $

185,278

$

143,785 $

15,209 $

158,994

Year ended December 31,

2016

RioCan-
HBC JV

Other

Total

RioCan-
HBC JV

2015

Other

Revenue

Operating expenses

Fair value gains (losses)

Interest expense

Net income

Income (Loss) in equity accounted
investments

$

131,653 $

12,637 $

144,290

$

52,290 $

31,570 $

10,643

(11,825)

15,999

5,657

907

455

16,300

(10,918)

16,454

93,186 $

7,432 $

100,618

10,391 $    (419) (ii) $

9,972

$

$

4,706

(7,554)

6,708

5,362

743

464

$

$

33,322 $

26,487 $

59,809

4,292 $

6,086 $

10,378

Total

83,860

10,068

(6,811)

7,172

Includes mortgages payable and lines of credit.

(i) 
(ii)  Amount includes a $1.5 million annual priority profit allocation to the general partner of the investees. 

120
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

7.  MORTGAGES AND LOANS RECEIVABLE

As at December 31,

Current

Non-current

2016

28,263 $

89,754

2015

38,036

91,222

118,017 $

129,258

$

$

As at December 31, 2016, mortgages and loans receivable bear interest at a weighted average effective and contractual rate of 
5.0% per annum (December 31, 2015 - 4.5%) and mature between 2017 and 2023.  

Future repayments for the years ending December 31 are as follows:

Due on demand

2017

2018

2019

2020

Thereafter

$

14,020

14,243

24,116

5,169

55,219

5,250

$

118,017

8.  RECEIVABLES AND OTHER ASSETS 

As at

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

Current

Non-
current

Total

Current

Non-
current

Total

Prepaid expenses and other assets

$

332,387 $

10,376 $

342,763 $

322,574 $

22,266 $

344,840

Net contractual rents receivable

40,754

Management information system

Funds held in trust

Cross currency interest rate swaps

—

—

—

—

21,737

1,838

1,416

40,754

21,737

1,838

1,416

45,290

—

—

—

—

25,021

36,214

—

45,290

25,021

36,214

—

$

373,141 $

35,367 $

408,508 $

367,864 $

83,501 $

451,365

Prepaid expenses and other assets

Prepaid expenses and other assets primarily include available-for-sale investments, property taxes, office furniture and 
equipment. 

RioCan pays certain upfront non-refundable selling commissions with respect to the sale of residential condominium units. As at 
December 31, 2016 included in other assets are $3.4 million of non-refundable sales commissions the Trust has paid with respect 
to the sale of this inventory (December 31, 2015 - $3.5 million), where it is probable that future economic benefits will flow to the 
Trust. No amortization prior to the recognition of revenue is recognized but rather a charge to net income occurs when the 
revenue associated with the sale is recognized.  

Contractual rents receivable

Contractual rents receivable are presented net of an allowance for doubtful accounts of $1.8 million as at December 31, 2016 
(December 31, 2015 - $2.0 million). RioCan determines its allowance for doubtful accounts on an individual tenant basis and 
reduces the carrying value of the receivable to the expected recoverable amount giving consideration to the tenant's payment 
history, credit worthiness, lease term, account status and other factors. Any subsequent recoveries of rent receivables previously 
recorded as doubtful accounts are recognized in the consolidated statements of income during the period of settlement.

Funds held in trust

Funds held in trust are property specific segregated funds that are contractually required by certain mortgage lenders. To support 
mortgage financing, lenders will sometimes require that certain property expenses be funded by monthly property cash flows. The 
reserves accumulate over time and, in some cases, are used by the lender to fund certain property expenses, such as realty 
taxes, insurance premiums, leasing commissions, repairs and maintenance, tenant construction allowances and landlord 
construction costs.

Cross currency interest rate swaps

During the year ended December 31, 2016, the Trust entered into cross currency interest rate swaps as part of its strategy to 
hedge any U.S. dollar denominated borrowings from the Trust's unsecured operating credit facility. These have the economic 
effect of converting floating rate U.S. dollar borrowings to floating rate Canadian dollar borrowings. These cash flow hedges are 
short-term in nature and qualify for hedge accounting. These hedges are expected to be highly effective since all critical terms of 
the hedged item and hedging instrument match. All such designated hedging relationships were effective as of the reporting date, 
with a total U.S. dollar principal value of US$365 million.  

121
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

9.  INCOME TAXES

The Trust qualifies as a REIT for Canadian income tax purposes; therefore, it will be entitled to deduct distributions for income tax 
purposes. The Trust expects to distribute its taxable income to unitholders such that it will not be subject to tax. From time to time, 
RioCan may retain some taxable income and net capital gains in order to utilize the capital gains refund available to mutual fund 
trusts without incurring any income taxes. Accordingly, no provision for Canadian current income tax payable is required, except 
for amounts incurred in its incorporated Canadian subsidiaries.

Where an entity does not qualify as a REIT for Canadian income tax purposes, certain distributions will not be deductible by that 
entity in computing its income for Canadian tax purposes. As a result, the entity will be subject to tax at a rate substantially 
equivalent to the general corporate income tax rate on distributed taxable income. Distributions paid in excess of taxable income 
will continue to be treated as a return of capital to unitholders. Undistributed taxable income is generally subject to the top 
marginal personal tax rate. The Trust consolidates certain wholly owned incorporated entities that remain subject to tax. The tax 
disclosures and expense relate only to these entities.

As at December 31, 2016, the Trust's Canadian corporate subsidiaries have recognized deferred income tax assets totalling 
$12 million (December 31, 2015 - $8.0 million) on deductible temporary differences related to intangible assets, deferred pension 
and loss carry forwards that expire over the next 18 to 20 years. These deferred tax assets have been recognized only to the 
extent that it is probable that the temporary differences will reverse in the foreseeable future and there is sufficient taxable income 
available against which the temporary differences can be utilized.

10.  MORTGAGES PAYABLE AND LINES OF CREDIT 

Mortgages payable and lines of credit, net of deferred financing costs, consist of the following:

As at

Line of credit

Construction lines and other bank loans

Mortgages payable

Current

Non-current

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

502,359 $

203,274

2,699,935

3,405,568 $

930,426 $

2,475,142

3,405,568 $

561,389

182,622

3,420,658

4,164,669

1,176,912

2,987,757

4,164,669

$

$

$

$

Future repayments of mortgages payable and lines of credit by year of maturity are as follows: 

Year

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter

Contractual obligations

Unamortized differential between contractual and market interest

rates on liabilities assumed at the acquisition of properties

Unamortized debt financing costs, net of premiums and discounts

Weighted average
contractual
interest rate

Scheduled
principal
amortization

Principal
maturities

Total
repayments

3.66% $

64,088 $

866,338 $

930,426

3.70%

4.11%

3.64%

2.95%

3.89%

44,730

32,724

17,836

6,992

4,186

497,327

302,858

448,430

853,967

256,041

542,057

335,582

466,266

860,959

260,227

3.55% $

170,556 $ 3,224,961 $ 3,395,517

16,658

(6,607)
$ 3,405,568  

U.S. dollar-denominated mortgages payable and lines of credit associated with Canadian properties

As at December 31, 2016, all U.S. dollar-denominated mortgages and lines of credit associated with the Trust's Canadian 
properties were repaid and have no outstanding balance (December 31, 2015 - US$327 million). During the first half of 2016, the 
Trust repaid its U.S. dollar-denominated mortgages and lines of credit, primarily using cash proceeds from the sale of its U.S. 
income property portfolio. The U.S. dollar-denominated mortgages and lines of credit associated with Canadian properties were 
formerly designated as a net investment hedge of the Trust's U.S. operations. 

Pledged investment properties

As at December 31, 2016, $6.8 billion of the aggregate carrying value of investment properties, properties held for sale and 
residential inventory serves as security for RioCan's mortgages payable (December 31, 2015 - $9.0 billion).  

122
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

Weighted average effective and contractual interest rates

The following table summarizes the details of the Trust's weighted average effective and contractual interest rates on lines of 
credit and mortgages payable associated with properties located in Canada:

As at

Weighted average interest rates:

Effective

Contractual

(i)  Mortgages maturing between 2017 and 2034.

Line of credit 

December 31, 2016 (i)

December 31, 2015

3.49%

3.55%

3.71%

3.63%

On June 1, 2016, the Trust entered into a new $1.0 billion unsecured operating credit facility with six Canadian Schedule I 
financial institutions, which replaced five secured operating credit facilities.  The new facility has an interest rate based on a 
pricing grid depending on RioCan's credit rating and the type of borrowing utilized, with the current rates for Canadian dollar 
Banker's Acceptances and U.S. dollar LIBOR loans being 120 basis points over the underlying rate.  The facility has a five-year 
term to maturity and a one-year extension option.  The unsecured operating credit facility agreement requires the Trust to 
maintain certain financial covenants in accordance with the credit facility agreement.  Refer to note 24 for additional details.  

As at December 31, 2016, RioCan had cash advances and letters of credit outstanding of $505 million and $0.4 million, 
respectively, and $494 million in cash available to be drawn from this credit facility.

11.  DEBENTURES PAYABLE 

Debentures payable consist of the following:

As at

Current

Non-current

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

$

$

150,000 $

2,098,024

2,248,024 $

—

2,000,066

2,000,066

As at December 31, 2016, total debentures payable bear interest at weighted average effective and contractual rates of 3.52% 
and 3.52% (December 31, 2015 - 3.70% and 3.68%), respectively. 

Issuance

On August 26, 2016, the Trust issued $250 million of Series X senior unsecured debentures, which mature on August 26, 2020 
and carry a coupon rate of 2.185%. The interest on these debentures is payable semi-annually commencing February 26, 2017. 

The Trust has the following series of senior unsecured debentures outstanding as at December 31, 2016:

$

2016
150,000 $
250,000
350,000
150,000
250,000
250,000
250,000
200,000
300,000
100,000

2015
150,000
250,000
350,000
150,000
—
250,000
250,000
200,000
300,000
100,000
$ 2,250,000 $ 2,000,000

Series
P
S
Q
U
X
R
V
T
W
I
Contractual obligations

Maturity date
March 1, 2017
March 5, 2018
June 28, 2019
June 1, 2020
August  26, 2020
December 13, 2021
May 30, 2022
April 18, 2023
February 12, 2024
February 6, 2026

Coupon rate
3.80%
2.87%
3.85%
3.62%
2.19%
3.72%
3.75%
3.73%
3.29%
5.95%

Interest payment frequency
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual
   Semi-annual

123
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

Future repayments are as follows:

Year ending December 31:

Contractual obligations

Unamortized debt financing costs

Covenants

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter

Weighted average
contractual interest rate

3.80% $

2.87%

3.85%

2.72%

3.72%

3.84%

$

Principal
maturities

150,000

250,000

350,000

400,000

250,000

850,000

2,250,000

(1,976)

2,248,024

The debentures have covenants relating to RioCan’s leverage limit of up to 60% of aggregate assets as set out in the Trust’s 
Declaration, the maintenance of a $1.0 billion Adjusted Book Equity (as defined in the debenture), and maintenance of an interest 
coverage ratio of 1.65 times or greater. There are no requirements under the unsecured debenture covenants for RioCan to 
maintain unencumbered assets. RioCan has the right, at any time, to convert the Series I debentures to mortgage debt, subject to 
the acceptability of the security given to the debenture holders. In such an event, the covenants relating to the 60% leverage limit, 
minimum book equity and interest coverage ratio would be eliminated for those debentures. As at and during the year ended 
December 31, 2016, the Trust was in compliance with these covenants pursuant to the Trust's Declaration and debenture 
indentures. 

12.  ACCOUNTS PAYABLE AND OTHER LIABILITIES

As at

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

Current

Non-
current

Total

Current

Non-
current

Total

Property operating costs

$

59,491 $

20,686 $

80,177 $

103,908 $

21,011 $

124,919

Development and capital expenditures

Deferred revenue

Distributions to unitholders payable

Interest payable

Interest rate swap agreements

Unfunded employee future benefits

Finance lease obligation

Other trade payables and accruals

Income taxes payable

Contingent consideration

112,277

22,071

38,356

26,841

843

—

2,573

21,909

136,169

325

25

112,302

26,249

—

—

9,398

12,751

16,080

4,236

48,320

38,356

26,841

10,241

12,751

18,653

26,145

—

—

136,169

325

81,333

20,821

37,893

30,085

1,751

—

2,575

15,469

—

864

24,113

27,385

—

—

24,665

13,170

17,276

3,507

—

—

105,446

48,206

37,893

30,085

26,416

13,170

19,851

18,976

—

864

$

420,855 $

89,425 $

510,280 $

294,699 $

131,127 $

425,826

Income taxes payable relate to the realized gain on sale of the Trust's U.S. income property portfolio during May 2016.  Refer to 
note 4 for further discussion.

13.  UNITHOLDERS' EQUITY 

Common trust units

The Trust is authorized to issue an unlimited number of common units. The common units are entitled to distributions, as and 
when declared by the Board (and upon liquidation), and to a pro rata share of the residual net assets remaining after the 
preferential claims, thereon, of debt holders and preferred unitholders. As the Trust is a closed end trust, the units are not 
puttable. 

124
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

The units issued and outstanding are as follows:

Year ended December 31,

Balance, beginning of year

Units issued:

Distribution reinvestment plan

Unit option exercises

Costs associated with unit option plan

Direct purchase plan

Exchangeable limited partnership units

Unit issue costs

Balance, end of year

2016

Units

$

322,483

4,709,165

2015

Units

315,986

$

4,536,957

2,399

1,671

—

36

26

—

60,782

38,242

1,640

959

358

(7)

5,443

1,019

—

35

—

—

142,715

23,701

5,135

932

—

(275)

326,615

4,811,139

322,483

4,709,165

Included in units outstanding as at December 31, 2016, are exchangeable limited partnership units totaling 1.2 million units 
(December 31, 2015 - 1.1 million units) of three limited partnerships that are subsidiaries of the Trust (the LP units), which were 
issued to vendors as partial consideration for income properties acquired by RioCan. RioCan is the general partner of the limited 
partnerships. The LP units are entitled to distributions equivalent to distributions on RioCan units and are exchangeable for 
RioCan units on a one-for-one basis at any time at the option of the holder. 

Normal course issuer bid 

On October 18, 2016, RioCan announced the TSX approval of its notice of intention to make a normal course issuer bid (NCIB) 
for a portion of its units as appropriate opportunities arise from time to time. RioCan’s NCIB will be made in accordance with the 
requirements of the TSX. Under the NCIB, RioCan may acquire up to a maximum of 8,128,045 of its units, or approximately 2.5% 
of its 325,121,826 outstanding units as at December 31, 2016, for cancellation over the next 12 months.

The number of units that can be purchased pursuant to the bid is subject to a current daily maximum of 120,555 units (which is 
equal to 25% of 482,221, being the average daily trading volume from April 1, 2016 through to December 31, 2016), subject to 
RioCan’s ability to make one block purchase of units per calendar week that exceeds such limits. RioCan intends to fund the 
purchases out of its available cash and undrawn credit facilities.

During the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, RioCan did not purchase for cancellation any of its units under its NCIB.

Preferred trust units 

The Trust is authorized to issue 50 million preferred units.

Series A 

In 2011, the Trust issued a total of 5 million perpetual Cumulative Rate Reset Preferred Trust Units, Series A (the Series A Units) 
for aggregate gross proceeds of $125 million ($120 million, net of issue costs). The Series A Units pay a cumulative distribution 
yield of 5.25% per annum, payable quarterly, as and when declared by the Board of Trustees of RioCan, for the initial five-year 
period ending March 31, 2016. The distribution rate will be reset on March 31, 2016 and every five years thereafter, at a rate 
equal to the then five-year Government of Canada bond yield plus 2.62%. 

On March 31, 2016, the Trust exercised its option to redeem all 5 million outstanding Series A preferred trust units at the cash 
redemption price of $25.00 per Series A preferred trust unit, for total cash proceeds of $125 million paid on April 1, 2016.  Unit 
issue costs totaling $4.3 million were recorded as a charge to retained earnings upon redemption, representing the excess of par 
redemption value over the carrying value of the preferred trust units. 

Series C 

In 2011, the Trust issued an aggregate of 5.98 million Cumulative Rate Reset Preferred Trust Units, Series C (the Series C Units) 
for aggregate gross proceeds of $149.5 million ($145 million, net of issue costs). The Series C Units pay a fixed cumulative 
distribution yield of 4.70% per annum, payable quarterly, as and when declared by the Board of Trustees of RioCan, for the initial 
approximate five and a half-year period ending June 30, 2017. The distribution rate will be reset on June 30, 2017 and every five 
years thereafter at a rate equal to the then five-year Government of Canada bond yield plus 3.18%. 

125
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) 

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as at and for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 consists of the 
following amounts:

Cumulative
translation
gain on U.S.
foreign
operations (i)

Available-
for-sale
investments

Actuarial gain
(loss) on
pension

Interest
rate swap
agreements

Cross
currency
interest rate
swap
agreements

Total

As at December 31, 2015

Other comprehensive income (loss)

As at December 31, 2016

$

$

308,380 $

41,579 $

(1,690) $

(23,635) $

— $

324,634

(308,380)

37,368

693

13,428

— $

78,947 $

(997) $

(10,207) $

74

74 $

(256,817)

67,817

(i)     On May 25, 2016, RioCan completed the sale of its U.S. income property portfolio and reclassified the cumulative translation gain on U.S. foreign 

operations in accumulated other comprehensive income to net income from discontinued operations on the consolidated statement of income. 
Refer to note 4 for details on the amount of realized gain related to the U.S. property sale. 

14.  UNIT-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS 

Incentive unit option plan

The Trust provides long-term incentives to certain employees by granting options through the incentive unit option plan (the plan).  
Riocan is authorized to issue up to a maximum of 22 million common unit options under the plan.  As at December 31, 2016,  
11.6 million common unit options remain available to be granted under the plan.

The exercise price for each option is equal to the volume weighted average trading price of the units on the TSX for the five 
trading days immediately preceding the dates of grant except for those options granted prior to May 27, 2009, which have an 
exercise price equal to the closing price of the units on the date prior to the day the option was granted. An option’s maximum 
term is ten years.  All options granted vest at 25% per annum commencing on the first anniversary of the grant date, and become 
fully vested after four years. 

The Trust accounts for this plan by estimating the fair value of each tranche of an award at the grant date and subsequently 
recognizing the compensation expense over the vesting period.

The weighted average assumptions utilized in the calculation of units granted for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 
using the Black-Scholes option valuation model are as follows:

Year ended December 31,

Fair value of unit options granted

Unit options granted (in thousands)

Unit option exercise price

Expected risk free interest rate (i)

Expected distribution yield (ii)

Expected unit price volatility (iii)

Expected option life (years) (iv)

$

$

$

$

2016

2,194

2,159

25.79

0.5%

5.5%

14.9%

4.5

2015

1,834

1,453

29.20

0.6%

4.8%

14.8%

4.3

(i)  Determined using the yield on Government of Canada benchmark bonds with an average maturity period similar to the expected option life.

(ii)  Based on the annual distribution yield on the date of grant.

(iii)  Estimated by considering historic average unit price volatility for a period consistent with the expected option life.

(iv)  Represents the expected option life based on the actual holding period of all transacted option awards between grant date and the date of activity. 

The following summarizes the changes in options outstanding during the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015:

Options

Outstanding, beginning of year

Granted

Exercised

Expired

Forfeited 

Outstanding, end of year

Options exercisable at end of year 

Average fair value per unit of options granted during the year

2016

2015

Units
(in thousands)

Weighted 
average 
exercise price

Units
(in thousands)

Weighted 
average 
exercise price

9,027 $

2,159

(1,671)

(332)

(775)

8,408 $
4,511 $

$

26.12

25.79

22.89

27.17

27.35

26.52

26.11

1.02

8,782 $

1,453

(1,019)

—

(189)

9,027 $

4,976 $

$

25.30

29.20

23.25

—

27.28

26.12

24.63

1.26

126
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

The following table summarizes our outstanding options and related exercise price ranges of units granted under the plan:

Exercise Price 
Range ($/unit)

As at December 31,

12.15 to 24.93

24.94 to 26.53

26.54

26.55 to 27.50

27.51 to 27.69

27.70 to 30.00

Outstanding Options

Vested Options

Number of Common 
Shares Issuable 
(in thousands)

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price per 
Common Share

Weighted Average 
Remaining Life 
(years)

Number of Common 
Shares Issuable 
(in thousands)

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price per 
Common Share

2016

582

2,494

1,181

1,476

1,479

1,196

8,408

2015

1,447

1,140

1,489

1,790

1,785

1,376

9,027

2016

2015

2016

2015

2016

$20.02

$20.07

25.62

26.54

27.28

27.57

29.31

25.26

26.54

27.31

27.56

29.31

$26.52

$26.12

3.3

8.0

6.1

6.2

7.0

8.2

6.9

3.7

3.9

7.0

7.2

8.1

9.2

6.7

582

575

944

1,188

898

324

2015

1,447

1,140

865

959

565

—

2016

2015

$20.02

$20.07

25.10

26.54

27.27

27.58

29.31

25.26

26.54

27.28

27.59

—

4,511

4,976

$26.11

$24.63

Performance equity unit plan (PEU Plan)

The Trust grants performance equity units (PEUs) under the PEU Plan with a three-year performance period for certain senior 
executives. The PEUs will be subject to both internal and external measures consisting of both absolute and relative performance 
over a three-year period, which upon vesting are cash settled. 

RioCan accounts for this plan under the fair value method of accounting, which uses the Monte-Carlo simulation pricing model to 
determine the fair value of market-based awards. The Monte-Carlo simulation pricing model uses the same input assumptions as 
the Black-Scholes model; however, it allows for the incorporation of the market-based performance hurdles that must be met 
before the PEU vests in the holder. Pursuant to IFRS, compensation costs related to awards with a market-based condition are 
recognized regardless of whether the market condition is satisfied, provided that the requisite service has been provided and all 
performance conditions have been satisfied. 

During February 2016, the Trust granted 0.2 million PEUs under its PEU Plan. Unit-based compensation expense and fair value 
assumptions using the Monte-Carlo valuation model are as follows:  

Year ended December 31,

Fair value of PEUs granted

PEUs granted (in thousands)

Grant date fair value per unit

Expected risk-free interest rate (i)

Expected unit price volatility (ii)

Expected total unitholder return (iii)

$

$

$

$

2016

5,325

165

32.27

0.5%

16.0%

9.3%

2015

3,766

111

33.93

0.5%

14.0%

11.4%

(i)  Determined using the yield on Government of Canada benchmark bonds with an average maturity period similar to the PEU vesting period.
(ii)  Estimated by considering historic average unit price volatility.
(iii)  PEUs are subject to total unitholder return (TUR) performance hurdles where vesting is dependent upon RioCan's TUR performance relative to 
certain internal and external measures, which includes the following: a) one-third of PEU grants are subject to a relative performance against a 
comparative group of peer companies; b) one-third of PEU grants are subject to an absolute out performance hurdle against certain market 
indices; and one-third of PEU grants are subject to an internal Operating FFO growth performance hurdle.

15.  DISTRIBUTIONS TO UNITHOLDERS 

Total distributions declared to unitholders are as follows:

Year ended December 31,

2016

2015

Common Unitholders

Preferred Unitholders – Series A

Preferred Unitholders – Series C

Total Distributions Distributions per unit

Total Distributions Distributions per unit

$

$

458,388 $

1.4100 $

453,094 $

1,640

7,027

467,055

0.3281

1.1750

6,563

7,027

$

466,684

1.4100

1.3125

1.1750

On March 31, 2016, the Trust exercised its option to redeem all outstanding Series A preferred trust units. Refer to note 13 for 
further details.

On January 13, 2017, RioCan declared a distribution payable of 11.75 cents per unit for the month of January 2017 to common 
trust unitholders of record as at January 31, 2017.  On February 15, 2017, RioCan also declared a distribution payable of 11.75 
cents per unit for the month of February 2017 to common trust unitholders of record as at February 28, 2017.

127
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

16.  RENTAL REVENUE

Year ended December 31,

Base rent

Realty tax recoveries

Common area maintenance recoveries

Percentage rent

Straight-line rent

Lease cancellation fees

17.  INVESTMENT AND OTHER INCOME (LOSS) 

Year ended December 31,

Income earned on available-for-sale securities

Transaction gains (losses), net

Target settlement proceeds, net

2016

$

706,407 $

219,685

157,936

9,541

7,263

3,052

2015

657,922

206,959

148,539

6,201

8,094

11,353

$

1,103,884 $

1,039,068

$

$

2016

13,173 $

20,095

—

33,268 $

2015

12,790

(2,631)

88,267

98,426

Net transaction gains and losses include realized gains and losses recorded upon the disposition of available-for-sale marketable 
securities, certain investment properties and equity accounted investments.  

On January 15, 2015, Target Corporation (Target) announced plans to discontinue its Canadian operations through its indirect 
wholly owned subsidiary, Target Canada Co. During December 2015, RioCan entered into a binding agreement with Target Corp., 
the U.S. parent of Target Canada Co., concluding the terms of settlement relating to leases that were disclaimed pursuant to the 
Companies’ Creditors Arrangement Act. Investment and other income includes $88 million in cash settlement proceeds received 
relating to the release of Target Corp. from the indemnity agreements, which is net of $3.5 million of outstanding rents receivable 
as of the disclaim date and other costs of settlement.

18.  INTEREST COSTS 

Year ended December 31,

Total interest

Less: Interest capitalized to properties under development

2016

206,989 $

27,462

179,527 $

2015

214,203

27,431

186,772

$

$

For the year ended December 31, 2016, interest was capitalized to properties under development at a weighted average effective 
interest rate of 3.94% (December 31, 2015 - 4.23%).  

19.  GENERAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE

Year ended December 31,

Salaries and benefits

Unit-based compensation expense

Depreciation and amortization

Other general and administrative

$

$

2016

23,568 $

6,745

4,386

17,521

52,220 $

2015

21,206

4,741

4,434

20,670

51,051

Other general and administrative costs include information technology costs, public company costs, professional fees, travel 
expenses, occupancy costs, donations, advertising, promotion and marketing costs.

20.  TRANSACTION AND OTHER COSTS 

For the year ended December 31, 2016, transaction and other costs includes primarily property acquisition and disposition costs 
totalling $9.6 million (December 31, 2015 - $10.5 million).

128
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

21.  NET INCOME (LOSS) PER UNIT 

Net income per basic and diluted unit is calculated based on net income available to common unitholders divided by the weighted 
average number of common trust units outstanding, taking into account the dilution effect of unit options and any difference 
between redemption and carrying value on preferred unit redemptions.  

Year ended December 31,

Net income attributable to unitholders

Less: Net income (loss) from discontinued operations

Net income attributable to unitholders from continuing operations

Less: Preferred unit redemption (ii)

       Distributions to preferred unitholders

Net income attributable to common unitholders from continuing operations

Weighted average common units outstanding (in thousands):

Basic

Dilutive effect of common unit options (i)

Diluted

Net income (loss) per unit - basic:

Continuing operations

Discontinued operations

Net income (loss) per unit - diluted:

Continuing operations

Discontinued operations

2016

830,747 $

147,687

683,060 $

4,304

8,667

670,089 $

325,386

279

325,665

2.06 $

0.45

2.51 $

2.06 $

0.45

2.51 $

2015

141,763

(275,129)

416,892

—

13,590

403,302

319,492

491

319,983

1.26

(0.86)

0.40

1.26

(0.86)

0.40

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

(i)   The calculation of diluted weighted average units outstanding excludes 4.4 million unit options for the year ended December 31, 2016 

(December 31, 2015 - 5.1 million units), as the exercise price of these unit options was greater than the average market price of RioCan's common 
trust units.

(ii)   Represents the excess of par redemption value over the carrying value of the Trust's Series A preferred trust units redeemed on March 31, 2016.

22.  FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT 

The fair value hierarchy of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis in the consolidated balance sheets is 
as follows: 

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Assets measured at fair value:

Cash and equivalents

$

54,366 $

— $

— $

83,318 $

Available-for-sale investments

299,987

5,665

—

300,553

Investment properties:

Income properties

Properties under development

Properties held for sale

Cross currency interest rate swaps

—

—

—

—

— 12,406,719

—

—

1,416

880,319

60,530

—

—

—

—

—

— $

—

—

—

— 11,322,109

—

830,067

— 2,968,095

—

—

Total assets measured at fair value

$

354,353 $

7,081 $13,347,568 $

383,871 $

— $15,120,271

Liabilities measured at fair value:

Interest rate swaps

—

10,241

Total liabilities measured at fair value

$

— $

10,241 $

—

— $

—

26,416

— $

26,416 $

—

—

For assets and liabilities measured at fair value as at December 31, 2016, there were no transfers between Level 1, Level 2 and 
Level 3 assets and liabilities during the period. For changes in fair value measurements of investment properties and Canadian 
properties held for sale included in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, refer to note 5 for details. 

129
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

 
 
 
 
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

Fair value of financial instruments  

The Trust's financial instruments and their carrying values on the consolidated balance sheets are as follows:

Available-for-sale investments

Receivables and other assets

Mortgages and loans receivable

Cross currency interest rate swaps

December 31, 2016

December 31, 2015

Carrying 
value

Fair value

Carrying 
value

Fair value

$

305,652 $

305,652 $

300,553 $

300,553

42,427

42,427

81,504

81,504

118,017

115,416

129,258

126,227

1,416

1,416

—

—

Mortgages payable, lines of credit and mortgages on properties held for sale

3,405,568

3,508,106

5,413,304

5,660,359

Debentures payable

Interest rate swap liabilities

Accounts payable and other liabilities

2,248,024

2,371,060

2,000,066

2,073,905

10,241

10,241

26,416

26,416

489,613

489,613

394,483

394,483

The fair values of the Trust's financial instruments were determined as follows:

Receivables, other assets, accounts payable and other liabilities

These instruments' carrying amounts approximate fair values due to their short-term nature.

Mortgages and other loans receivable 

The fair value of mortgages and other loans receivable is determined by the discounted cash flow method using applicable inputs 
such as prevailing interest rates, contractual rates and discounts.  Fair value measurements of these instruments were estimated 
using Level 3 inputs. The carrying values of short-term and variable rate loans generally approximate their fair values.

Mortgages payable, lines of credit, mortgages on properties held for sale and debentures payable

The fair values of these instruments are estimates made at a specific point in time, based on relevant market information. These 
estimates are based on quoted market prices for the same or similar issues or on the current rates offered to the Trust for similar 
financial instruments subject to similar risk and maturities. Fair value measurements of these instruments were estimated using 
Level 2 inputs. The carrying values of short-term and variable rate debt generally approximate their fair values.

Cross currency interest rate swap liability

The fair values of the cross currency interest rate swaps reported in other liabilities represent estimates at a specific point in time 
using financial models, based on both foreign exchange and interest rates that reflect current market conditions, the credit quality 
of counterparties and interest rate curves. 

Interest rate swap liability

The fair values of the interest rate swaps reported in other liabilities represent estimates at a specific point in time using financial 
models, based on interest rates that reflect current market conditions, the credit quality of counterparties and interest rate curves. 

23.  RISK MANAGEMENT

The main risks arising from the Trust's financial instruments are interest rate, liquidity, credit and foreign exchange risks.

The Trust's approach to managing these risks is summarized below:

Interest rate risk

The Trust is exposed to interest rate risk on its borrowings and could be adversely affected if it were unable to obtain cost-
effective financing. The majority of the Trust's debt is financed at fixed rates with maturities staggered over a number of years, 
thereby mitigating its exposure to changes in interest rates and financing risks. As at December 31, 2016, approximately 13.8% 
(December 31, 2015 - 14.0%) of the Trust's debt (including mortgages held for sale) is financed at variable rates, exposing the 
Trust to changes in interest rate risk.

From time to time, the Trust may enter into floating-for-fixed interest rate swaps as part of its strategy for managing certain 
interest rate risks.  The Trust has applied hedge accounting and recorded the changes in fair value for the effective portion of the 
derivative in OCI from the date of designation. For any interest rate swaps for which the Trust does not apply hedge accounting, 
the change in fair value is recognized in the consolidated statements of income.

As at December 31, 2016, the outstanding notional amount of the floating-to-fixed interest rate swaps was $683 million 
(December 31, 2015 - $993 million) and the term to maturity of these agreements ranges from April 2017 to October 2023. 

130
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

The outstanding interest rate swaps by year of maturity are as follows:

Maturity

2017

2018

2019

2020

2021

Thereafter

Original principal amount Weighted average effective fixed interest rate

$

$

104,690

208,938

126,020

119,025

55,000

69,000

682,673

3.81%

3.60%

3.57%

2.88%

4.12%

2.82%

The Trust assesses the effectiveness of the hedging relationship on a quarterly basis and has determined there is no 
ineffectiveness in the hedging of its interest rate exposure. As an effective hedge, unrealized gains or losses on the interest rate 
swap agreements are recognized in OCI.  As at December 31, 2016, the fair value of the interest rate swaps are, in aggregate, a 
net financial liability of $10 million (December 31, 2015 - $26 million). 

As at December 31, 2016, the carrying value of the Trust's floating rate debt, not subject to a hedging strategy, is $778 million. As 
at December 31, 2016, a 50 basis point increase in market interest rates would result in a $3.9 million decrease in the Trust's net 
income.

Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is the risk that the Trust will not meet its financial obligations as they become due. The Trust mitigates its liquidity 
risk by staggering the maturity dates of its long-term debt, limiting the use of floating rate debt, actively renewing expiring credit 
arrangements, utilizing undrawn lines of credit, and issuing equity when considered appropriate. 

•  For the schedule of future repayments of mortgages, floating rate debt and cash advances drawn against the Trust's lines of 

credit, see note 10 for further details.

•  For the schedule of future repayments of debentures, see note 11 for further details.

The Trust expects to continue financing future acquisitions, development and debt obligations through existing cash balances, 
internally generated cash flows, mortgages, operating facilities, issuance of equity, unsecured debentures, and the sale of non-
core assets.

Credit risk

Credit risk arises from the possibility that: 

•  Tenants experience financial difficulty and are unable to fulfill their lease commitments or tenants fail to occupy and pay rent in 

accordance with existing lease agreements, some of which are conditional. 

•  Borrowers default on the repayment of their mortgages to the Trust. 

•  Third-party defaults on the repayment of debt whereby RioCan has provided lender guarantees.

RioCan’s Declaration of Trust contains provisions that have the effect of limiting the amount of space that can be leased to one 
tenant and its investment in mortgages receivable. 

Additionally, the Trust mitigates tenant credit risk through geographical diversification, staggered lease maturities, diversification 
of revenue sources resulting from a large tenant base, avoiding dependence on any single tenant by ensuring no individual 
tenant contributes a significant percentage of the Trust’s gross revenue and ensuring a considerable portion of the Trust’s 
revenue is earned from national and anchor tenants and conducting credit assessments for new tenants.

Foreign exchange risk

Foreign exchange risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of an exposure will fluctuate because of changes in 
foreign exchange rates.  As a result of the Trust's disposal of its U.S. property portfolio, repayment of U.S. denominated debt and 
exit from its U.S. operations, discussed further in note 4, RioCan has significantly reduced its foreign exchange risk.

24.  CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

The Trust defines capital as the aggregate of unitholders’ equity and debt. The Trust’s capital management framework is 
designed to maintain a level of capital that complies with investment and debt restrictions pursuant to RioCan’s Declaration, 
complies with existing debt covenants, enables the Trust to achieve target credit ratings, implements its business strategies and 
builds long-term unitholder value. The key elements of RioCan’s capital management framework are approved by its unitholders 
via the Trust’s Declaration of Trust and by its Board through their annual review of the Trust’s strategic plan and budget, 
supplemented by periodic Board and Board Committee meetings. Capital adequacy is monitored by the Trust by assessing 
performance against the approved annual plan throughout the year, which is updated accordingly, and by monitoring adherence 
to investment and debt restrictions contained in the Declaration and debt covenants. 

RioCan’s Declaration provides for maximum total debt levels up to 60% of Aggregate Assets (as defined in the Declaration). The 
Trust is in compliance with this restriction. 

131
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

Additionally, RioCan’s Declaration contains provisions that have the effect of limiting capital expended by the Trust for, among 
other items, the following: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

direct and indirect investments (net of related mortgages payable) in non-income producing properties (including 
greenfield developments and mortgages receivable to fund the Trust’s co-owners’ share of such developments) to no 
more than 15% of the Adjusted Unitholders’ Equity of the Trust (herein referred to as the “Basket Ratio” with Adjusted 
Unitholders’ Equity as defined in the Declaration); 

total investment by the Trust in mortgages receivable, other than mortgages taken back by the Trust on the sale of its 
properties, to no more than 30% of the Adjusted Unitholders’ Equity of the Trust; 

any property acquired by the Trust, directly or indirectly, if the cost to the Trust of such acquisition (net of the amount of 
mortgages payable assumed) exceeds 10% of the Adjusted Unitholders’ Equity of the Trust; 

subject to the Basket Ratio, securities of an entity, other than to the extent that such securities would, for the purpose of 
the Declaration, constitute an investment in real estate; and 

the amount of space that can be leased or subleased to any tenant, with certain exceptions, to a maximum space 
having an aggregate gross leasable area of 20% of the aggregate gross leasable area of all real estate investments 
held by the Trust.  

The Trust is in compliance with each of the above noted restrictions as at and for the year ended December 31, 2016.  The Trust 
intends, but is not contractually obligated, to distribute to its unitholders in each year an amount not less than the Trust’s income 
for the year, as calculated in accordance with the Income Tax Act (Canada) (the Tax Act) after all permitted deductions under the 
Tax Act have been taken. RioCan’s Trustees rely upon forward-looking cash flow information, including forecasts and budgets 
and the future business prospects of RioCan, to establish the level of cash distributions. 

The Trust’s debentures payable have covenants that are consistent with the Debt to Aggregate Assets ratio as discussed above, 
maintenance of at least $1 billion of Adjusted Book Equity (defined in the indenture), and maintenance of at least an interest 
coverage ratio (defined in the indenture) of 1.65 for a rolling twelve-month period.  

The following table highlights RioCan's Ratio of Debt to Total Assets (net of cash), Basket Ratio and Interest coverage ratio in 
accordance with the Declaration:

As at December 31,

Mortgages payable and lines of credit

Liabilities associated with assets held for sale

Debentures payable

Total Debt

Unitholders’ equity

Total capital

Ratio of debt, net of cash, to total assets, net of cash

Basket Ratio

Year ended December 31,

Interest coverage ratio

New unsecured operating credit facility

Note

10
4
11

2016

$

3,405,568

$

—

2,248,024

5,653,592

8,009,888

2015

4,164,669

1,248,635

2,000,066

7,413,370

7,926,039

$

13,663,480

$

15,339,409

39.7%

2.6%

2016

3.38

46.1%

2.9%

2015

3.06

The Trust is subject to certain key financial covenants pursuant to the agreement governing its unsecured operating credit facility, 
which are calculated on a rolling twelve-month basis.  As at and for the year ended December 31, 2016, the Trust is in 
compliance with all applicable financial covenants.

The following table summarizes the Trust's performance relative to these key financial covenants:

Total indebtedness (i) (vi)

Secured indebtedness (ii) (vi)

Debt service coverage (iii) (vi)

Minimum unitholders' equity (in millions)

Ratio of unencumbered property assets to unsecured indebtedness (iv) (v) (vi)

Properties held for development as a percentage of consolidated gross book value of assets

Key covenant

December 31, 2016

< 60%

< 40%

> 1.5x

> $5,000

> 1.5x

< 15%

43.3%

21.0%

2.4 x

$8,010

2.0 x

6.6%

(i) 

Total indebtedness consists of the contractual amounts outstanding on mortgages payable, lines of credit and other bank loans, debentures 
payable, capital lease obligations, contingent liabilities and the maximum exposure to loss for all third-party debt where RioCan has provided a 
financial guarantee.

(ii)  Secured indebtedness includes mortgages payable, other bank loans and capital lease obligations, which are secured against investment 

132
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

properties.

(iii)  Debt service includes regular mortgage principal and interest payments, including interest capitalized on properties under development.
(iv)  Unsecured indebtedness includes the contractual amounts outstanding of the unsecured line of credit, debentures and any third-party debt 

amounts guaranteed by RioCan.

(v)  Unencumbered property assets consist of properties that have not been pledged as security for debt. The unencumbered property asset to 

unsecured indebtedness ratio is calculated as unencumbered assets divided by unsecured indebtedness.

(vi)  These ratios include inputs from proportionately consolidated equity accounted investments.

25.  OPERATING LEASES

Lease commitments – Trust as lessor 

The Trust as lessor has entered into leases on its property portfolio. The leases typically have lease terms between five and 
twenty years and include clauses to enable periodic upward revision of the rental charge according to prevailing market 
conditions. Some leases contain options to terminate before the end of the lease term. 

Future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases in the aggregate and for each of the following periods 
are as follows:

As at

Within twelve months
Two to five years
Over five years
Total

December 31, 2016

$

$

713,910

2,027,208

1,533,327

4,274,445

Contingent rent recognized in the consolidated statements of income for the year ended December 31, 2016 is $12 million 
(December 31, 2015 - $9.2 million). 

26.  SUBSIDIARIES

The subsidiaries listed below are wholly owned and reflect significant entities of the Trust: 

Name

RioCan Management (BC) Inc.

RioCan Management Inc.

RioCan (KS) Management LP

RioCan Management Beneficiary Trust

RioCan Yonge Eglinton LP

RioCan (Festival Hall) Trust

Timmins Square Limited Partnership

Shoppers World Brampton Investment Trust

RioCan Realty Investments Partnership Four LP

RioCan Realty Investments Partnership Seven LP

RioCan Realty Investments Partnership Nine LP

RioCan Realty Investments Partnership Ten LP

RioCan Realty Investments Partnership Eleven LP

RioCan (GH) Limited Partnership

RioCan Property Services Trust

RioCan White Shield Limited Partnership 

RioCan (GTA Marketplace) LP

RioCan East Village LP

RC REIT Limited Partner Trust

RC NA Property 1 LP

RC NA Property 2 LP

RC Northeast Partnership LP

RC/Dunhill Timber Creek Holdings LP

RC (RP) I LP

RioKim USA LP

RC NA Property 3 LP

133
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

Country

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

Canada

U.S.

U.S.

U.S.

U.S.

U.S.

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

27.  SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

Year ended December 31,

Interest received

Interest paid

Distributions paid:

Distributions declared during the year

Distributions declared in the prior period paid in the current year

Distributions declared in current period paid in next year

Distributions paid

Proceeds from units issued under the distribution reinvestment plan

28.  CHANGES IN OTHER WORKING CAPITAL ITEMS 

Year ended December 31,

Receivable and other assets

Mortgage receivable interest

Residential development inventory

Accounts payable and other liabilities

Foreign exchange and other

Net change in non-cash operating items

29.  RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

2016

776 $

229,159

2015

3,286

264,208

(458,388) $

(453,094)

(37,893)

38,356

(457,925) $

60,782

(397,143) $

(37,128)

37,893

(452,329)

142,715

(309,614)

$

$

$

$

2016

2015

$

96,709 $

(41,512)

(4,914)

(3,138)

94,492

(27,080)

$

156,069 $

3,305

35,074

1,765

14,044

12,676

Key management personnel are those individuals that have the authority and responsibility for planning, directing and controlling 
the Trust's activities, directly or indirectly.

The Trust’s key management personnel include the Trustees and the following individuals: Chief Executive Officer, Edward 
Sonshine; President and Chief Operating Officer, Raghunath Davloor; and Chief Financial Officer and Corporate Secretary, 
Cynthia Devine (collectively, the Key Executives). 

Remuneration of the Trust’s key management during the year ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 is as follows:

Year ended December 31,

Compensation and benefits

Unit-based payments

Post-employment benefit costs

Trustees

Key Executives

2016

301 $

2,253

—

2015

2016

237 $

5,756 $

1,751

—

5,341

57

2,554 $

1,988 $

11,154 $

2015

5,497

2,751

88

8,336

$

$

During February 2016, RioCan's Chief Executive Officer, Edward Sonshine, agreed to amend his employment contract to reflect 
his agreement to not retire or resign voluntarily before December 31, 2018. As part of this commitment, Mr. Sonshine agreed to 
use his best efforts to provide the Trust with 12 months' notice of his intent to retire or resign. 

30.  EMPLOYEE BENEFITS 

Plan characteristics

RioCan sponsors a defined contribution plan and three defined benefit plans that provide pension and certain post-employment 
benefits to eligible employees. Plan members are not required, nor are they permitted, to contribute to these plans. The defined 
benefit plans are closed to new members and any new employees are generally eligible to join the defined contribution pension 
plan. All plans are administered by separate funds that are legally segregated from RioCan. 

Defined contribution plan

The Trust's defined contribution pension plans provide pension benefits based on accumulated RioCan contributions. RioCan's 
contributions are based on a percentage of an employee’s annual earnings. For the year ended December 31, 2016, RioCan's 
contributions to the defined contribution plan was $1.0 million (December 31, 2015 - $0.9 million).

Defined benefit plans

RioCan's defined benefit pension plans, one of which is a registered plan and two of which are supplemental unregistered plans, 
provide pension benefits mostly based on years of credited service, the average of the highest five years of earnings and the age 
of the member at retirement. 

134
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

The Trust measures its benefit obligations and pension assets as at December 31 each year. All plans are valued using the 
projected unit-credit method. The Trust funds its registered defined benefit pension plans in accordance with actuarially 
determined amounts required to satisfy employee benefit obligations under current pension regulations. The most recent funding 
actuarial valuation for the Trust's defined benefit plans was completed as at January 1, 2016, and the next valuation is scheduled 
for January 1, 2019. 

The fair value of the registered plan assets as at December 31, 2016 is $2.8 million (December 31, 2015 - $2.9 million).  The 
recognized pension obligation (net of plan assets) as at December 31, 2016 is $12.8 million (December 31, 2015 - $13.2 million). 
Pension costs, net of recoveries, of $0.5 million were recorded in net income for the year ended December 31, 2016 (pension 
costs for the year ended December 31, 2015 - $0.6 million). 

The discount rate used was 3.8% (December 31, 2015 - 3.8%), the compensation growth rate was 4.0% (December 31, 2015 - 
4.0%) and the expected long-term rate of return on assets was 3.8% (December 31, 2015 - 3.8%).

Actuarial gains and losses for the defined benefit plans are recognized in full in the period in which they occur in OCI. Such 
actuarial gains and losses are also immediately recognized in retained earnings and are not reclassified to income in subsequent 
periods.

31.  SEGMENTED INFORMATION 

RioCan primarily owns, develops, manages and operates grocery-anchored retail centres and mixed-use developments located 
in Canada. In measuring the performance of its retail centres, the Trust does not distinguish or group its operations on a 
geographical or any other basis and, accordingly, has a single reportable segment. Management has applied judgment by 
aggregating its operating segments into one reportable segment for disclosure purposes. Such judgment considers the nature of 
property operations, tenant mix and an expectation that operating segments within a reportable segment have similar long-term 
economic characteristics.

The Trust's Chief Executive Officer is the chief operating decision maker and regularly reviews RioCan's operations and 
performance on an individual property basis. RioCan does not have any single major tenant or a significant group of tenants. 

32.   CONTINGENCIES AND OTHER COMMITMENTS 

Guarantees 

As at December 31, 2016, the estimated amount of third-party debt subject to RioCan guarantees, and therefore the maximum 
exposure to credit risk, was approximately $428 million, consisting of guarantees totalling $341 million to partners and co-owners 
(December 31, 2015 - $358 million). The remaining debt subject to RioCan guarantees of $87 million relates to the assumption of 
mortgages by purchasers on property dispositions with expiry dates between 2017 and 2034 (December 31, 2015 - $99 million). 
There have been no defaults by the primary obligors for debts on which the Trust has provided its guarantees, and as a result, no 
provision for these guarantees has been recognized in these consolidated financial statements. 

The maximum exposure to credit risk relating to a guarantee is the maximum risk of loss if there was a total default by the co-
owner, without consideration of recoveries under recourse provisions against such co-owner's equity in the property or other 
assets of the co-owner. 

Letters of credit

The Trust has aggregate letter of credit facilities with certain Schedule I banks totaling $81 million.  As at December 31, 2016, the 
Trust’s outstanding letters of credit under these facilities was $29 million (December 31, 2015 - $29 million).   

Lease commitments – Trust as lessee 

The Trust as lessee is committed under long-term operating leases with various expiry dates to 2088. Future minimum lease 
payments are as follows:

Within 12 months

2 to 5 years

Over 5 years

Total

Investment commitments 

RioCan HBC Joint Venture

December 31, 2016

Land
Leases

Operating
Leases

Total
Commitments

$

$

903 $

615 $

3,275

7,226

1,925

4,191

11,404 $

6,731 $

1,518

5,200

11,417

18,135

As at December 31, 2016, RioCan has approximately $157 million of remaining unfunded investment commitments related to the 
RioCan-HBC JV (December 31, 2015 - $178 million).

135
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST 
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(In thousands of Canadian dollars, tabular amounts in thousands, except per unit amounts or unless otherwise noted) 
FOR THE YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2016 and 2015

WhiteCastle New Urban Funds (WNUF)

As at December 31, 2016, the Trust has unfunded investment commitments of approximately $53 million relating to WNUF, 
WNUF 2 and WNUF 3 (December 31, 2015 - $59 million). Amounts to be funded are callable by the general partner at any point 
prior to the expiration of the investment period of February 28, 2018 for WNUF and WNUF 2 and May 1, 2020 for WNUF 3. 

Litigation 

The Trust is involved with litigation and claims that arise from time to time in the normal course of business. In the opinion of 
management, any liability that may arise from such contingencies will not have a significant adverse effect on the Trust’s 
consolidated financial statements. 

33. EVENTS AFTER THE BALANCE SHEET DATE

Debenture issuance

On January 16, 2017, the Trust issued $300 million of Series Y senior unsecured debentures, which mature on October 3, 2022 
and carry a coupon rate of 2.83%. The interest on these debentures is payable semi-annually commencing April 3, 2017. 

136
RIOCAN REAL ESTATE INVESTMENT TRUST ANNUAL REPORT 2016

AUDITORS

Ernst & Young LLP

TRANSFER AGENT AND REGISTRAR

CST Trust Company 
P.O. Box Station B, 
Montreal, Quebec H3B 3K3 
Answerline: 1 (800) 387-0825 or 
(416) 643-5500 
Fax: 1 (800) 249-6189 or (514) 985-8843 
Website: www.canstockta.com
Email: inquiries@canstockta.com

STOCK EXCHANGE LISTING

The Toronto Stock Exchange 
Trading Symbols: 
Common Units – REI.UN 
Preferred Units – Series C REI.PR.C

ANNUAL MEETING

The 2017 Annual Meeting of RioCan REIT will be
held on June 8, 2017 at 10:00 a.m. at SilverCity
Theatres located at RioCan Yonge Eglinton Centre,
2300 Yonge Street, Toronto, Ontario. All
unitholders are invited and encouraged to attend in
person or via webcast at www.riocan.com.

On peut obtenir une version française du présent
rapport annuel sur le site web de RioCan :  
www.riocan.com.

A French language version of this annual report is
available on RioCan’s website: 
www.riocan.com

BOARD OF TRUSTEES

1,2,3,4

Paul Godfrey, C.M., O.Ont. 
(Chairman of Board of Trustees)  
President and Chief Executive Officer 
Postmedia Network Canada Corp.

Bonnie R. Brooks, C.M.
Chair, Liquor Control Board of Ontario

3,4

1,2
Clare R. Copeland  
Vice-Chair, Falls Management Company

Dale H. Lastman 
Chair and Partner, Goodmans LLP

2,3,4

Jane Marshall
Former Chief Operating Officer of 
Choice Properties REIT

Sharon Sallows
Trustee, Chartwell Retirement Residences REIT

1,2,4

Edward Sonshine, O.Ont., Q.C. 
Chief Executive Officer 
RioCan Real Estate Investment Trust

3,4
Charles M. Winograd  
President, Winograd Capital Inc.

1,2
Luc Vanneste  
Chair of the Audit Committee, 
RioCan Real Estate Investment Trust

1
2

3
4

member of the Audit Committee
member of the Human Resources & Compensation
Committee
member of the Nominating & Governance Committee
member of the Investment Committee

UNITHOLDER INFORMATION

Head Office 
RioCan Real Estate Investment Trust 
RioCan Yonge Eglinton Centre, 
2300 Yonge Street, Suite 500 
P.O. Box 2386, Toronto, Ontario M4P 1E4 
Tel: (416) 866-3033 or 1 (800) 465-2733 
Fax: (416) 866-3020 
Website: www.riocan.com 
Email: inquiries@riocan.com

UNITHOLDER AND INVESTOR CONTACT

Christian Green  
Assistant Vice President, Investor Relations &
Compliance 
Tel: (416) 864-6483 
Email: cgreen@riocan.com

CORPORATE INFORMATION

SENIOR MANAGEMENT

Edward Sonshine, O.Ont., Q.C. 
Chief Executive Officer

Raghunath Davloor 
President, Chief Operating Officer & Corporate
Secretary

Qi Tang 
Senior Vice President, Finance & Acting Chief
Financial Officer

John Ballantyne 
Senior Vice President, Asset Management

Andrew Duncan 
Senior Vice President, Developments

Jonathan Gitlin 
Senior Vice President, Investments & Residential

Danny Kissoon 
Senior Vice President, Operations

Jeff Ross 
Senior Vice President, Leasing & Tenant
Coordination

Terri Andrianopoulos 
Vice President, Corporate Marketing

Moshe Batalion 
Vice President, Leasing – Ontario

Stuart Baum 
Vice President, Human Resources

Nigel Bunbury 
Vice President, Financial Reporting & Controls

Stuart Craig 
Vice President, Planning & Development

Roberto DeBarros 
Vice President, Construction

Oliver Harrison 
Vice President, Asset Management

Oliver Hobday 
Vice President, Legal

Kevin Miller 
Regional Vice President, 
Operations – Central Ontario

Pradeepa Nadarajah 
Vice President, Property Accounting

Paran Namasivayam 
Vice President, Recovery Accounting

Stephen Roberts 
Vice President, Analytics

Tim Roos 
Vice President, Operations

Jonathan Sonshine 
Vice President, Asset Management

Jeffrey Stephenson 
Vice President, Leasing

Naftali Sturm 
Vice President, Real Estate Finance

Renato Vanin 
Vice President, Information Technology

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
RIOCAN YONGE EGLINTON CENTRE
2300 Yonge Street 
Suite 500  
P.O. Box 2386 
Toronto, Ontario 
M4P IE4

416 866 3033 
1 800 465 2733 
416 866 3020 

T
TF
F
W www.riocan.com