Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements
2014-15
Royal Mail plc
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Strategic report
Governance
Financial statements
Other information
Strategic report
Who we are
Financial and operating performance highlights
Chairman’s statement
Chief Executive Officer’s review
Market overview
Our business model
Our strategy
Key performance indicators
UK Parcels, International & Letters (UKPIL)
General Logistics Systems (GLS)
Financial review
Business risks
Corporate Responsibility
Governance
Chairman’s introduction to Corporate Governance
Board of Directors
Statement of Corporate Governance
Chief Executive’s Committee
Directors’ Report
Directors’ remuneration report
Financial statements
Consolidated income statement
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income
Consolidated statement of cash flows
Consolidated balance sheet
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
Notes to the consolidated financial statements
Significant accounting policies
Group five year summary (unaudited)
Statement of Directors’ responsibilities in respect of
the Group financial statements
Independent Auditor’s Report to the members of
Royal Mail plc
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41
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131
140
142
143
Royal Mail plc – parent Company financial statements 146
Other information
Shareholder information
Forward-looking statements
151
152
Information key
Case studies
This icon is used throughout
the document to indicate
reporting against a key
performance indicator (KPI)
Annual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Who we are
Royal Mail is the UK’s pre-eminent delivery company,
connecting people, customers and businesses. As the
UK’s sole designated Universal Service Provider1, we are
proud to deliver a ‘one-price-goes-anywhere’ service on
a range of letters and parcels to more than 29 million
addresses, across the UK, six-days-a-week.
Through UK Parcels, International & Letters
(UKPIL), we make a very significant
contribution to the wider UK economy.
In 2014-15, our impact totalled £11.1 billion
in terms of value added. This includes our
contribution through employment,
procurement and taxation. We made the
6th largest contribution to the UK economy
of all UK corporations2.
Through our European parcels delivery
business, General Logistics Systems (GLS),
we operate one of the largest, ground-based,
deferred3 parcel delivery networks in Europe.
Our people
We employ more than 160,000 people
across our Group. UKPIL employs around
143,000 people. On average, one in
180 employed people in the UK works for
Royal Mail4. Approximately 3,200 people
work in our UK partially-owned subsidiaries.
GLS employs around 14,0005 people
across a range of frontline, operational
and support roles.
Our shareholders
Following our flotation on the London Stock
Exchange in October 2013, we continue to
have a large retail shareholder base.
Approximately 150,000 eligible Royal Mail
employees in the UK received free a ten
per cent stake in our Company in total on
privatisation. HM Government retained
29.9 per cent of Royal Mail’s shares at
29 March 2015.
Our transformation
We are transforming as we handle fewer
letters and manage increasing parcel volumes.
UK addressed letter volumes have fallen on
average by around five per cent per annum
in the last four years. Alongside these declines,
there is not a level playing field for competition
in the UK postal market. The UK postal
market is fully-liberalised. No other EU
country has experienced the same degree
of mandated6 and price controlled access
as the UK.
We continue to believe that Ofcom should set
out a comprehensive regulatory framework
that safeguards the future financial
sustainability of the Universal Service,
with clear guidelines around the commercial
freedoms afforded to Royal Mail, which are
necessary to respond to market conditions.
We are the UK’s leading parcels delivery
company. Growth in UK parcel volumes
continues to be driven by e-retailing. But
overcapacity has combined with the reduced
rate of growth in the addressable market7
to create pricing pressure.
In the medium term, the fastest areas of
growth in the parcels market are expected to
be clothing and footwear and toys and sports
equipment. We are transforming our core UK
network so we can handle a greater number
of these larger parcels. We are being more
flexible to accommodate the increasing
demands of e-retailers and online shoppers.
Combined with the disciplines of being a public
company, these competitive dynamics mean
that we face strong efficiency incentives. We
are seeking to introduce sustainable change,
in partnership with our unions. We are
driving a cost-conscious culture through a
combination of cost actions, optimising our
network and standardising our processes.
See page 12 for more information
about the changes in our
marketplace.
Revenue by business and market (£m)
(adjusted 52 weeks 2015)8
Business/
market
Parcels
Letters
&
other
mail
Marketing
mail
Total
UKPIL
GLS
Other
Group
3,190 3,400
1,653
14
4,843 3,414
1,167 7,757
1,653
14
1,167 9,424
Percentage of Group revenue by
market (adjusted 52 weeks 2015)8
Parcels
Letters and other mail
Marketing mail
Group
51
36
13
100
1 Under the Postal Services Act 2011 (the ‘Act’), Ofcom is the regulator for postal services in the UK. Ofcom’s primary regulatory duty for postal services is to secure the provision of
the Universal Postal Service. Ofcom has designated Royal Mail as the Universal Postal Service Provider. Subject to the special administration regime, and as set out in the Act, this
designation is not time-limited
2 Comprising direct and indirect contributions. Cebr research, conducted for Royal Mail in May 2015
3 The least time-sensitive type of delivery
4 Cebr research, conducted for Royal Mail in May 2015
5 Includes discontinued operations
6 Royal Mail is obligated to provide access to its inward mail centres by our Regulator, Ofcom. This means that competitors to Royal Mail can collect and sort mail posted by business
and hand it to Royal Mail for final mile delivery
7 Defined as individually addressed parcels and packets weighing up to 30kg, that do not require special handling and comprise goods that have been ordered based on Triangle
Management Services/RMG Fulfilment Market Measure. Excluding International
8 Adjusted results exclude specific items, including the difference between the income statement pension charge and the total cost of pensions including deficit payments. The figures
include the results of DPD Systemlogistik (DPD SL), a subsidiary of GLS Germany, which was owned by the Group for the full reporting period, and was sold following the year end
and is identified as discontinued operations
02
Royal Mail plc
Our operations and networks
The Group operates through: UK Parcels,
International & Letters and General
Logistics Systems.
UKPIL
GLS
c.143,000
Employees
c.14,000
Employees
6
Regional Distribution Centres
40
European hubs
c.700
Depots
c.14,000
Parcel shops
c.19,000
Sub-contractor vehicles
39
Mail Centres
c.1,4009
Delivery Offices
c.49,000
Vehicles
54
Parcelforce Worldwide
depots
UKPIL
UKPIL comprises Royal Mail’s core UK and
international parcels and letter delivery
businesses under the ‘Royal Mail’ and
‘Parcelforce Worldwide’ brands. Royal Mail’s
network is unparalleled in the UK in its scale
and scope. It supports the provision of services
for the collection, sorting and delivery of
parcels and letters by Royal Mail. This includes
those services Royal Mail provides as the UK’s
designated Universal Postal Service Provider.
Parcelforce Worldwide is a leading provider
of express parcel services.
See page 21 for further details of
UKPIL’s performance.
GLS
GLS is the Group’s European parcels business.
It operates one of the largest ground-based,
deferred parcel delivery networks in Europe.
Across Europe, the GLS network covers
37 countries and nation states through a
combination of wholly-owned and partner
companies. As our gateway to Europe, GLS
is a strategically important part of Royal
Mail Group.
See page 23 for further details of
GLS’ performance.
9 Including satellite Delivery Offices
Key
UKPIL
GLS
GLS Network Partners
03
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Financial and operating
performance highlights
Group financial highlights
Adjusted results (including discontinued operations)2
Revenue (£m)
Operating profit before transformation costs (£m)
Operating profit margin before transformation costs (%)
Operating profit after transformation costs (£m)
Operating profit margin after transformation costs (%)
Profit before taxation (£m)
Earnings per share (pence)
Reported results (continuing operations)
Revenue (£m)
Operating profit before transformation costs (£m)
Operating profit after transformation costs (£m)
Profit before taxation (£m)
Earnings per share (pence)
Free cash flow (£m)3
Net debt (£m)
Full year proposed dividend per share (pence)
Business units
52 weeks
2015
52 weeks
2014
Underlying
change1
1%
6%
40 bps
5%
20 bps
Change
Operating performance
• UKPIL revenue was flat at £7,757 million.
A one per cent decline in total letter
revenue was offset by parcel revenue
growth of one per cent, reflecting the
competitive market.
• UKPIL parcel volumes increased by three
per cent, with a better performance in the
second half. Addressed letter volumes
declined by four per cent, at the better
end of our forecast range.
• GLS revenue grew to £1,653 million, up
seven per cent, with revenue growth in
all its markets. Volumes were up
eight per cent.
• Collections, processing and delivery
productivity in UKPIL improved by
2.5 per cent, within our target range of
a 2-3 per cent improvement per annum.
• We have seen a net reduction in the
number of employees of over 5,500
this year in UKPIL.
5%
9,424
740
7.9
595
6.3
569
42.8
9,328
611
466
400
32.5
453
(275)
21.0
9,456
729
7.7
488
5.2
421
30.8
9,357
669
428
1,664
127.5
398
(555)
20.04
Adjusted results
(including discontinued operations)2
Revenue
Operating profit before
transformation costs
(£m)
UKPIL
GLS
Other businesses
Group
52 weeks
2015
52 weeks
2014
Underlying
change1
52 weeks
2015
52 weeks
2014
7,757
1,653
14
7,787
1,651
18
9,424
9,456
Flat
7%
n/m
1%
615
115
10
740
608
108
13
729
Group financial performance
• Revenue increased by one per cent.
This was due to parcel revenue growth
in UKPIL and revenue growth in GLS
which was ahead of our expectations.
• In UKPIL, operating costs before
transformation costs were down one per
cent, better than expected. People costs
increased by one per cent and non-people
costs reduced by four per cent.
• Tight cost control drove operating profit
margin before transformation costs
improvement of 40 basis points.
• Free cash inflow increased to £453 million,
benefiting from £100 million of net cash
flows from the London property portfolio.
• As expected, cumulative net investment for
2013-14 and 2014-15 was £1.2 billion.
Total investment increased from
£617 million to £658 million.
• Net debt reduced from £555 million to
£275 million, mainly due to cash flow
generated, offset by dividend payments
of £200 million.
• Adjusted earnings per share was
42.8 pence.
• The Board is recommending a final
dividend of 14.3 pence per ordinary
share. Including the interim dividend
of 6.7 pence per ordinary share, this
represents a total dividend of 21.0 pence
per share for 2014-15, up five per cent
over the notional 2013-14 full year
dividend of 20.0 pence.
• The management reorganisation
programme delivered cost benefits of
£42 million. It is now expected to deliver
cost savings of around £80 million per
annum from 2015-16.
• We have introduced around 30 new
projects, including new services,
products and promotions to improve
our customer offering.
• We exceeded our regulatory Quality of
Service target for Second Class mail, with
a performance of 98.9 per cent against
a target of 98.5 per cent. We met our
regulatory target for the delivery of
First Class mail, with a performance of
93.0 per cent.
Outlook
• The parcels and letters markets in the
UK remain highly competitive.
• Trading is in line with our expectations at
this early stage of the financial year.
• Our performance will be weighted to the
second half and will be dependent on our
important Christmas period.
• We continue to target flat or better
UKPIL underlying costs for 2015-16.
• The combined impact of German minimum
wage legislation and the disposal of
DPD SL could reduce GLS margins by
around 50-100 basis points in 2015-16.
• We remain committed to growing dividends.
1 All movements are on an underlying basis unless otherwise stated. Underlying change is calculated after adjusting for movements in foreign exchange in GLS, working days in UKPIL and
other one-off items that distort the Group’s underlying performance. For volumes, underlying movements are adjusted for working days in UKPIL and exclude elections in letter volumes
2 Adjusted results exclude specific items, including the difference between the income statement pension charge and the total cash cost of pensions, including deficit payments. The
figures include the results of DPD Systemlogistik (DPD SL), a subsidiary of GLS Germany, which was owned by the Group for the full reporting period, and sold following the
year end and has been reclassified as discontinued operations
3 For more information on free cash flow, please see note 7 on page 92
4 Notional 2013-14 full year dividend
04
Royal Mail plc Chairman’s statement
Donald Brydon, CBE
Chairman
Royal Mail is responding
quickly to changes in our
core markets.
With intense focus on our efficiency, we have
continued to improve our customer offering in a
challenging operating environment. We are investing
in improving our efficiency, growth and innovation to
deliver a high-quality service for our customers and
sustainable returns for our shareholders.
A landmark year
After almost 500 years in public ownership,
2014-15 was Royal Mail’s first, full financial
year as a listed Company.
Reflecting the improved operating profits and
increased margins, and our commitment to
growing the dividend, the Board recommends
the payment of a final dividend of 14.3 pence
per ordinary share on 31 July 2015, subject
to approval by our shareholders at our
2015 Annual General Meeting (AGM). The
proposed total dividend of 21.0 pence per
ordinary share is a five per cent increase on
the notional dividend of 20.0 pence per
ordinary share for 2013-14.
Since our flotation on the London Stock
Exchange in October 2013, and including our
proposed final dividend, full-time employees
who received an allocation of 729 Free Shares
will have received around £250 in dividend
payments. This helps to create alignment
between the interests of our hard-working
employees and our broad shareholder base.
Changing at pace
Royal Mail is responding quickly to changes
in our core markets. We are seeking new
ways to extend the reach of our core offering.
We are putting the customer and our
efficiency at the heart of everything we do.
I am grateful for the co-operation of both
our people and our trade unions as we seek to
deliver essential improvements in the way we
work. In this Report, you will read about the
many different programmes, innovations and
practices – both established and in train – that
will change the shape of this business for the
better, for years to come.
A responsible employer
We are proud to deliver the Universal Service
to over 29 million addresses across the UK,
six-days-a-week. Our contribution to the UK,
as an employer and a delivery company,
continues to be significant. In 2014-15, we
made the 6th largest contribution to the wider
UK economy of all UK corporations1. We will
continue to take action to secure the financial
future of the Universal Service, and protect as
many good quality jobs as possible for
our people.
The safety of our employees is paramount.
We want to be recognised as an industry
leader in this important area. Once again,
we have delivered a reduction in lost time
accidents – one of our 12 Key Performance
Indicators (see pages 18 – 19 for more
information on KPIs). In addition to
supporting a safer and more engaged
workforce, the reduction in working days
lost is estimated to have saved the business
£431,000 in 2014-15.
While we have also seen a reduction in the
number of serious accidents, there is more to
do. In our Corporate Responsibility Report
2014-152, you will be able to read about
new initiatives – particularly across our
vehicle fleet – which we hope will continue
to deliver reductions in serious accidents
across our workforce.
We recognise the need to drive efficiency
within our organisation. Yet, I believe the
public’s trust in the Universal Service can
only be maintained if we offer our people
the quality of employment that reflects their
significant contribution to UK communities.
A responsible company
2013-14 saw the completion of our successful
partnership with Prostate Cancer UK, for
whom we raised £2.34 million. This money
will be used to fund 36 specialist prostate
cancer nurses.
In September 2014, almost 40,000
employees voted for the Stroke Association to
become our new charity partner for the next
two years. During this time, we hope to raise
£2 million to help the charity provide Life After
Stroke grants of up to £300 to help 10,000
stroke survivors. Our employees always go the
extra mile to help our charity partners. Every
penny they earn is matched by our Company.
We continue to support the viability and
long-term sustainability of the British Postal
Museum and Archive (BPMA). In June 2014,
the BPMA-held Royal Mail Archive was added
1 Cebr research, conducted for Royal Mail in May 2015
2 To be published in June 2015
05
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Chairman’s statement (continued)
unstinting dedication, sage advice and the
energy and force of will that has driven our
Company forward in the most testing of
circumstances. She has built an excellent team
and without their contribution, Royal Mail
would not be so well positioned to weather the
challenges to come.
Looking back, there has been an extraordinary
transformation at Royal Mail, with
unprecedented shifts in the mix of the items
we deliver. Royal Mail behaves increasingly as
a customer-centric business. It is innovating
and driving for increased efficiency. Its
finances have been transformed and it is free
to raise capital where it chooses. It is
particularly pleasing that relations with our
unions are today on a different level to that
of the first part of the century. Very many
challenges remain, but my successor’s
inheritance will be very different to my
initial experience.
Finally, I offer my thanks to our people. I am
humbled by their unwavering commitment to
Royal Mail and the communities we serve.
I wish my successor and all our employees
great success.
Donald Brydon, CBE
Chairman
20 May 2015
Case study
SAYE case study
In September 2014, we launched our inaugural Save
As You Earn (SAYE) scheme.
The tax-efficient cash savings scheme enables those
who take part to save a fixed amount from their salary
every time they are paid, for three years. After this
time, they can either opt to buy Royal Mail shares at a
discounted price set at the beginning of the scheme; or
have their savings repaid in full.
More than 36,000 employees decided to take part.
This was significantly more than expected.
Employees who are taking part in SAYE will continue to
save until December 2017, when they will be able to
use their SAYE savings to buy Royal Mail shares at the
option price, if they want to.
to the list of inscriptions on the UNESCO
Memories of the World register. Together
with the BPMA, we are marking two major
anniversaries this year: the 200th birthday of
Anthony Trollope, the father of the pillar box,
and the 175th anniversary of the one-price-
goes-anywhere service and the iconic Penny
Black, the world’s first adhesive postage stamp.
In last year’s Report, I mentioned the BPMA’s
funding campaign for a new Postal Museum
and Mail Rail project. Demolitions at the site
of The Postal Museum are scheduled to
begin in second quarter 2015 – the first
phase in building the new museum and
attraction. Later in the year, construction at
both The Postal Museum and Mail Rail will
begin in earnest as the experience starts to
take shape.
Our Board
In March 2015, we confirmed that John Allan
would be stepping down from the Board on
30 April 2015, following his appointment as
Chairman of Tesco PLC. John has been a
valued member of the Board. On behalf of
all members, I wish to thank him for his
dedication during one of the most critical
periods in Royal Mail’s history.
As I mentioned in last year’s Report, we
undertook a more detailed Board evaluation
in 2014, involving an independent external
consultancy. As a result of the evaluation,
a comprehensive action plan has been set in
place. The plan focuses on three key areas:
culture and dynamics; strategy and
operations; composition and tenure.
We have developed a number of specific,
measureable action points, both short and
longer term, which have been drawn from
the findings of the evaluation. More details
can be found in the Governance section
on page 49.
Thank you
In January 2015, I announced my intention
to step down from the Board. I am pleased to
say that the succession process is well under
way, led by our Senior Independent Director,
Orna Ni-Chionna. With the Board’s
agreement, I will continue to chair the Board
until at least the 2015 AGM.
In my six years as Chairman of Royal Mail,
I have been fortunate to enjoy the support of
a highly-accomplished Board. I would like to
extend my heartfelt thanks to Board members
– past and present – for their direction and
guidance during this time of unprecedented
change for our Company. I am sure that Royal
Mail’s new Chairman will benefit, as I have
done, from such sound counsel.
In particular, I would like to thank Royal Mail’s
Chief Executive Officer, Moya Greene. During
our five year partnership, Moya has provided
06
Royal Mail plc Chief Executive Officer’s review
Moya Greene
Chief Executive Officer
We have introduced around
30 new projects, including
new services, products and
promotions to improve our
customer offering.
This has been a challenging year. Through a continued
focus on efficiency and tight cost control, we have offset
the impact of lower than anticipated UK parcel revenue
this year, so that operating profit before transformation
costs is in line with our expectations. It has also been
a year of innovation, with a range of new initiatives
delivered at pace. We have introduced around 30 new
projects, including services, products and promotions,
to improve our customer offering.
Group revenue increased by one per cent.
UKPIL revenue of £7,757 million was flat,
as a one per cent decline in letter revenue
was offset by a one per cent increase in parcel
revenue. GLS delivered good revenue growth
of seven per cent, with revenue increases in
all of its markets.
Adjusted Group operating profit before
transformation costs increased to
£740 million, a 40 basis point expansion
in the margin on an underlying basis.
Short-term cost actions have delivered a
better than expected UK cost performance.
Adjusted UKPIL costs were down one per
cent on an underlying basis.
Net cumulative investment for 2013-14 and
2014-15 was £1.2 billion, as we expected.
This year, we saw a net reduction in the
number of our UKPIL employees of over
5,500. I am grateful to them for their
contribution. We have worked very closely
with our unions to make these very
difficult changes.
Outlook
The parcels and letters markets in the UK
remain highly competitive. We continue to
estimate that volume growth in the
addressable parcels market will be reduced
to around 1-2 per cent per annum in the short
term1. However, this will be dependent on the
speed and extent of rollout of Amazon’s own
delivery network. We continue to expect that
UK addressed letter market volumes,
excluding elections, will decline by 4-6 per
cent per annum in the medium term. We note
the recent statement by PostNL about its UK
end-to-end delivery activities and await the
outcome of its review.
GLS has performed well in 2014-15 but the
combined impact of German minimum wage
legislation and the disposal of its subsidiary,
DPD Systemlogistik, could reduce GLS
margins by around 50-100 basis points in
2015-16. However, we are at the early stages
of implementing mitigation strategies and
need to see how the market reacts.
The investments made over the past three
years in our technology, our network and
our people position us well to address the
challenges we see. We are now poised to step
up the pace of change to drive efficiency,
growth and innovation. We are maintaining a
tight focus on costs and continue to target flat
or better UKPIL underlying costs for 2015-16.
We continue to expect ongoing transformation
costs of around £120-140 million per annum
depending on the level of voluntary
redundancies announced in-year.
Reported profit numbers will be impacted
by the difference between the income
statement pension charge and the cash cost
of pensions which is expected to increase
to around £255 million in 2015-16.
Total cash investment, net of operating
asset disposals, is expected to be in the range
£550-600 million going forward. We continue
to evaluate our options in relation to our larger
London properties. These larger sites will
require further investment in order to optimise
value, which will be mainly met by the disposal
proceeds from the Paddington site.
At this early stage of the financial year
trading is in line with our expectations but
as in previous years, our performance will
be weighted to the second half and will be
dependent on our important Christmas period.
1 Internal estimate based on historic growth trends (Triangle Management Services/RMG Fulfilment market measure, December 2014) and forecast data
(Verdict UK E-retail Survey 2015)
07
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Chief Executive Officer’s review (continued)
We remain committed to growing our
dividend. The Board is recommending a final
dividend of 14.3 pence per ordinary share
giving a total dividend for the full year of
21.0 pence per share, up five per cent over
the notional 2013-14 full year dividend of
20.0 pence per share.
Our strategy
Our strategic priorities are:
i) Being a successful parcels business;
ii) Managing the decline in letters; and
iii) Being customer focused.
These priorities are underpinned by a range
of people, customer and financial measures
to ensure we are managing our business
successfully.
See pages 16 – 17 for more information.
We are the pre-eminent delivery company in
the UK. Through GLS, we operate one of the
largest, ground-based, deferred delivery
networks in Europe. We are investing in change
to drive further efficiency improvements,
generate growth in new areas and extend
the reach of our core offering.
Parcels
We continue to estimate that the total volume
of parcel deliveries in the UK – across business-
to-consumer (B2C), consumer-to-any-recipient
(C2X) and business-to-business (B2B) – will
grow at approximately four per cent per annum
in the medium term2. However, we estimate
that the impact of Amazon delivering an
increasing number of parcels using its own
delivery network will reduce the annual rate of
growth in our addressable market to around
1-2 per cent in the short term. Overcapacity
has combined with the reduced rate of growth
in the addressable market to create pricing
pressure in all segments.
More than 90 per cent of the parcels we
handle in the UK pass through the Royal Mail
core network, which delivers the Universal
Service. Heavier, bulkier items tend to be
carried by Parcelforce Worldwide. Primarily
through these two nationwide networks, we
offer a range of services, including Universal
Service Obligation (USO) letter and parcel
delivery, express and courier services.
We benefit from a broad customer base.
Nearly three quarters of our domestic parcel
revenue is generated by consumers, micro-
SMEs and SMEs. This reduces our exposure
to the actions of larger customers.
Our parcels strategy: key points
• Maintaining our pre-eminent position,
while seeking new areas of growth.
Pursuing faster growing parts of the UK
market and growing international markets
• Adding value by continually improving our
products and services. Ensuring
customers of all sizes can connect
with our systems quickly and easily;
significantly increasing the number of
parcels we barcode and scan; launching
Parcelforce Select
• Expanding and automating our networks.
We will begin rolling out automated parcel
sorting to around 20 of our busiest Mail
Centres; continuing to expand our
European network through organic growth
and selective, strategic acquisitions
Maintaining our pre-eminent position
In the medium term, we expect the fastest
areas of growth in UK parcels will be clothing
and footwear, and toys and sports equipment.
We are building our presence from a modest
base. We have won new contracts with a
number of high street and e-retailers.
We will seek to secure further volumes
by being more flexible about the size and
shape of parcels we will deliver.
We now offer large business customers later
weekday, and extended weekend, access to
the Royal Mail core network. Twelve months
ago, it was open to these customers five and
Innovation
Over the past year, we have launched or
piloted a large range of new services
designed to provide a greater choice of
parcel delivery options. Local Collect – the
largest single click-and-collect network,
available through Post Office – and Sunday
opening at our busiest Delivery Offices are
two such services to help online shoppers
not at home during the day to receive their
parcels.
Investments in new technologies are an
important part of our strategy to offer an
ever-improving quality of service. We
aim to transform our parcels offering by
providing tracking as standard for as
many parcels as we can.
a half days a week. Today, we are open seven
days a week and later into the evening. As a
result, we have attracted more traffic.
Our performance at Christmas is key to our
service proposition. In December 2014, we
delivered one of our highest ever quality of
service performances for parcel delivery. By
Christmas 2015, we are aiming to barcode
significantly more parcels and scan them in
the Mail Centre and on the doorstep.
In March 2015, we launched a shop front
on Alibaba’s Tmall Global e-marketplace. This
platform will offer over 300 million Chinese
consumers the opportunity to buy distinctive
British products, using Parcelforce Worldwide
to ship the products to China.
Adding value by continually improving
our products and services
In November 2014, we announced that
Amazon would offer its online customers
access to our Local Collect click-and-collect
network. Amazon customers can choose the
most convenient of around 10,500 Post
Offices for their parcel delivery. This is
supported by the extension of opening hours
across 3,000 branches – an additional 85,000
hours per week – and the opening of around
2,000 branches on Sundays. Local Collect
traffic with Amazon is growing.
In January 2015, Parcelforce Worldwide
launched a new interactive service,
Parcelforce Select, to improve the end-
customer’s control of their parcel delivery.
Unlike other carriers, the pre-delivery
New or emerging technologies offer the
potential to transform the way we will
work in the future. We continue to monitor
and, where appropriate, test and pilot how
these can improve our business and
benefit customers. For example, through
Parcelforce Select, we are improving the
control our customers have over their
parcel delivery. We also engage with
partners to explore how emerging areas,
such as wearable technologies, may be
deployed in the future.
2 Internal estimate based on historic growth trends and market insight
08
Royal Mail plc notification is triggered by the delivery driver.
This ensures that the actual delivery is based
on local driver experience, rather than a
centrally-generated time window. We have
won new business as a result of this initiative.
Customer feedback has been very positive.
We are extending the support we offer to
key customers. We offer eBay buyers the
opportunity to track returned items back to
the seller. Our new Click & Drop tool enables
eBay sellers to integrate their accounts and
buy and print postage labels without manually
inputting the address of each individual buyer,
providing a simple, three-step journey from
purchase to print. In February 2015, we
announced the acquisition of StoreFeeder,
an IT software company. We plan to use its
expertise to develop more tools to enable
customers of all sizes to connect and ship
parcels easily.
In March 2015, we launched a new portal to
help online retailers better manage returns.
72 per cent of online shoppers said they would
be unlikely to shop with a retailer if they had
a difficult returns experience3. The returns
portal gives retailers full visibility of returned
items – exactly which items are being
returned, from which customer and for
what reason, improving stock management.
A number of our retailer customers are
already using the service.
Our core proposition is to provide high quality,
value-for-money products for our core
customer base, and to win new business
in the process. When we announced our
consumer tariffs for 2015-16, the average
price rise across domestic parcels, USO letters
and international letters and parcels was
the lowest for at least five years. We have
simplified our parcel specifications and cut
the price of our medium-sized Second Class
parcels. We have embedded our price
promotion for small parcels into our
2014-15 price changes.
To enable us to track significantly more
parcels, we are working with our customers
to put information-rich, 2D barcodes on as
many of our parcels as possible. Our largest
customers are already beginning to make the
switch. From summer 2015, we will begin a
process to deliver the technology we need to
scan significantly more parcels at the Mail
Centre and on the doorstep. Over time, this
will give us greater visibility of traffic in our
network, which will allow us to tackle any
quality of service issues in real time. Tracking
will drive the uptake of higher value services.
3 Hall and Partners, Delivery Matters 2014
Expanding and automating our networks
We will begin rolling out automated parcel
sortation at around 20 of our busiest Mail
Centres across the UK. Parcels sortation
will help us to improve our efficiency.
Our European parcels carrier, GLS,
delivered revenue growth in all of its markets.
It continues to perform well, despite a weak
economic backdrop in the Eurozone. We have
delivered growth in international and
domestic parcels.
We have already seen some impact in
Germany, GLS’ biggest market by revenue,
from minimum wage legislation, introduced
on 1 January 2015. We are introducing
operational and commercial responses to
help mitigate the impact of this change.
In France, our recovery plan is ahead of
schedule for the year. We are growing
our business with existing customers and
continue to target new customers. GLS Italy
continues to deliver strong revenue growth.
Consumers in Luxembourg became the latest
to benefit from GLS’ FlexDeliveryService,
which launched in the country in April 2015.
Already available in 12 other European
countries, FlexDeliveryService notifies parcel
recipients via email or text when a package
is on the way to them, and enables them
to change the delivery time to suit them.
Saturday and evening delivery options are
now available in eight cities in Germany,
meaning consumers can choose to receive
parcels between 5pm and 8pm on weekdays
or 8am and 1pm on Saturdays.
Letters
Our letters strategy: key points
• Managing the structural decline in
addressed letter volumes by promoting
the value of mail
• Securing the promise of commercial
freedom in a regulatory model that
effectively supports the future
sustainability of the Universal Service
in the UK
• Optimising mail handling to accommodate
a changing letters mix and increase
efficiency
Addressed letter volumes decreased by four
per cent – at the better end of our forecast
range. Marketing mail revenue increased by
five per cent to £1,167 million. In January
2015, MarketReach launched a campaign
demonstrating the value of marketing mail
as part of an integrated advertising campaign.
Using five of the UK’s top advertising
executives and research conducted over an
18 month period, the Mailmen campaign looks
at the true value of mail. It found that people
value something they can see and touch
24 per cent more than things they can only
see. More than half (57 per cent) say that
receiving a communication by mail makes
them feel more valued.
The rollout of Mailmark®, which provides
barcode technology and online-reporting for
machine-readable business, advertising and
publishing mail, is progressing. Over 17 per
cent of machine-readable mail currently
carries the Mailmark® barcode. Existing
customers, including home-shopping, energy
providers and high street retailers, benefit
from price incentives and more accurate
mailing data.
In August 2014, we started the process of
moving low-volume postboxes to collection
on delivery. Declining letter volumes have
been reflected in a fall in the number of
items posted in postboxes. Rather than
decommission uneconomic postboxes,
postmen or women will empty the box on
their round, instead of providing a dedicated
collection by van. Once our new collection on
delivery approach is fully rolled out, we expect
it to reduce our mileage by 14.2 million miles
per annum, with an associated saving of over
2.1 million litres of diesel. As part of this
programme, we have sought to improve the
level of public access to postboxes in areas of
under-provision, with the addition of around
2,000 new postboxes by March 2016.
In February 2015, we announced price
increases of one penny for First Class and
Second Class consumer stamps. We thought
very carefully about the impact of these price
increases on our customers. A one penny
increase is the smallest possible price rise
that we could implement. Across all letter
products, average price increases were
broadly in line with RPI.
Regulation
We welcome the competition that is an integral
part of operating in a fully-liberalised postal
market. The ongoing decline in letter volumes
means that the incentives on Royal Mail to
reduce costs are already strong. The intensely
competitive parcels market adds to these
efficiency drivers. The sustainability of the
Universal Service depends on Royal Mail being
able to use revenue from easy-to-serve urban
areas to cover the cost of a nationwide network
capable of serving all addresses at a uniform
price. In June 2014, Royal Mail made a detailed
regulatory submission to Ofcom highlighting
the risk that direct delivery poses to the
financial sustainability of the USO.
09
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Chief Executive Officer’s review (continued)
Customers
Our customer strategy: key points
• Providing a consistently high quality
service through the consistent execution
of standards such as Delivery to
Neighbour
• Being as flexible as we can to provide
the services our customers want
• Driving down customer complaints
through the rollout of best practice, such
as Nominate a Neighbour, which aims to
improve rates of first time delivery
Our brand is a key element of our customer
proposition. In February 2015, Royal Mail
was ranked as one of the top 15 Business
Superbrands in the UK4. Our own research
indicates that our mean business customer
satisfaction score – across large and medium
sized businesses, SMEs and micro-SMEs – is
76. This is an increase on 75 last year, 74 in
2012-13 and 70 in 2011-12.
See KPIs pages 18 – 19.
In September 2014, Royal Mail Group
achieved the top ranking in both the Dow
Jones Sustainability World Index and Dow
Jones Sustainability Europe Index for the
Transportation and Transportation
Infrastructure Industry.
Royal Mail is the only postal operator that is
required to meet regulatory Quality of Service
targets for First Class and Second Class mail,
and to publish those targets. These regulatory
targets are amongst the highest of any major
European country.
I am delighted to report that we have again
exceeded our regulatory Quality of Service
targets for Second Class mail in 2014-15.
98.9 per cent of Second Class mail (target:
98.5 per cent) arrived within three days of
posting. We met our regulatory target for
First Class mail, delivering 93.0 per cent
of First Class mail on the following day5.
This compares with First Class performance
of 93.2 per cent and a Second Class
performance of 98.9 per cent in 2013-14.
See KPIs pages 18 – 19.
4 Business Superbrands 2015
5 We achieved 93.2 per cent against our First Class
regulatory target when adjusted for force majeure
10
Becoming more efficient
This table is a snapshot of our transformation programme,
which began in 2007-08. It sets out some of the key metrics
through which we measure our progress.
Mail Centres
Delivery Offices that have undergone modernisation
Letters sequenced to delivery point
Headcount in Operations
Collections, processing and delivery productivity improvement
(year-on-year) (%)
Lost Time Accidents per 100,000 hours in Operations
2007-08
69
-
1%
158,900
2008-09
(1.1)
2009-10
2.36
2014-15
39
1,333
82%
130,100
2014-15
2.5
2014-15
0.67
Delivery to Neighbour is a Royal Mail standard.
From March 2015, customers visiting an
Enquiry Office to pick up a parcel have been
able to ‘Nominate a Neighbour’ as their first
delivery choice if they are not at home.
We have maintained our internal performance
against our composite parcels measure, an
internal measure for all retail parcel products
in the Royal Mail core network. This year, we
delivered a performance of 95.0 per cent,
compared with 95.1 per cent in 2013-14
(target: 95.3 per cent).
Transformation and cost control
Combined with the disciplines of being a public
company, the competitive nature of our core
markets means that we face strong efficiency
incentives. We are driving a cost-conscious
culture through a combination of cost actions,
optimising our networks and standardising
our processes.
We have continued to deliver productivity
improvements across collections, processing
and delivery. Productivity improved by
2.5 per cent in 2014-15, within our target
of a 2-3 per cent improvement per annum.
See KPIs pages 18 – 19.
Case study
Tonbridge delivery office
A new initiative to improve the customer experience
was developed at Tonbridge delivery office in Kent.
Originally called the booking in tool, now known as
the Service Point System (SPS), the initiative helps
identify walks that bring back the most items. It allows
managers to work with duty holders to find ways of
delivering more items first time. It also helps to
improve the customer experience at Enquiry Offices.
Colleagues in Tonbridge worked closely with IT and
those who created the concept and software for the
tool to develop it further, making more than 100
small alterations throughout the process. It was
their feedback that helped shape the end product.
One of the first units to properly use the tool, the team
in Tonbridge quickly saw fantastic results, including a
reduction in related customer complaints.
The SPS is currently in more than 200 offices, and
there are plans to implement it in up to a further
160 units by this summer.
Royal Mail plc
In March 2015, we confirmed a 2.8 per cent
pay increase for our frontline employees. The
2015-16 award represents the final year of
the three year pay deal agreed through the
Agenda for Growth. During the year, we
have launched 60 joint projects with the CWU.
Our Together for Growth programme, which
will train approximately 6,500 managers
and union representatives by October 2015,
represents the UK’s largest ever investment
in this form of joint training.
Thank you
Following our first AGM in July 2014, Mark
Higson, Managing Director, Operations,
stepped down from the Board. During the
year, we have also announced the departure
of John Allan and our Chairman, Donald
Brydon. While John stepped down at the end
of April 2015, Donald will remain with us until
at least our 2015 AGM. I have experienced
first-hand the many ways in which our
Company has benefited from the counsel
and dedication of these colleagues. I wish
them all the best in their future endeavours.
I would also like to extend special thanks
to Donald Brydon, for sharing his wisdom
and experience as we have sought to
transform our Company.
I remain incredibly proud of the good work
we do. Royal Mail is nothing without its people.
We must continue to deliver difficult change.
But, working together with our people and our
unions, I am confident that we can continue to
deliver the services our customers want and
sustainable value for our shareholders.
Moya Greene
Chief Executive Officer
20 May 2015
This compares with an improvement of
1.7 per cent in 2013-14 and 2012-13.
See KPIs pages 18 – 19.
The management reorganisation programme,
announced in March 2014, is now expected
to deliver cost savings of around £80 million
per annum from 2015-16 – more than the
£50 million annual savings we originally
anticipated.
We have agreed a streamlined revisions
process across some of our Delivery Offices
that have been impacted by direct delivery
and overcapacity in UK parcels. As part of
a joint agreement with the Communication
Workers’ Union (CWU), Delivery Offices
that have seen a significant change in their
workload are also taking steps to structure
their units to manage this volatility.
There are significant non-people cost
opportunities in our Logistics division.
Improved fleet management, including fuel
efficiency and reducing wear and tear,
represents a cost-saving opportunity.
We have already rolled out our fleet
management programme for our large
heavy goods vehicles. From May 2015, we
will be introducing telemetry and advanced
driver training to our 7.5 tonne fleet.
Our people
Eligible full-time employees who received an
allocation of 729 Free Shares will, subject to
shareholder approval at our 2015 AGM, have
received around £250 in dividend payments
by 31 July 2015. In September 2014, we
launched our first Save As You Earn scheme.
More than 36,000 employees – approximately
one quarter of those who were eligible to
apply – applied to join.
Our Agenda for Growth agreement with the
CWU includes terms covering employee pay,
legally-binding terms covering protections and
industrial stability as well as a programme of
work to deliver change at pace in operations.
In the short time since the existence of this
agreement, we have seen a meaningful
change in the way in which differences and
disputes are resolved. Our unions are more
committed than ever to mechanisms like
mediation to resolve disputes in ways that
guarantee our continued operations and
uninterrupted customer services.
11
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Market overview
This section sets out some of the relevant market
dynamics for the UK parcels and letters markets.
We know parcel customers want convenience
and flexibility. This is driving innovations in the
market. At the same time, alternative delivery
points are increasing in popularity. In letters,
the combination of structural declines in
addressed letter volumes, mandated access
and direct delivery continues to be a threat
to the fundamental economics of the
Universal Service.
UK parcels market
E-retail continues to drive growth in UK parcels.
The UK is one of the most developed e-retail
markets in the world, with approximately 13 per
cent of all retail sales conducted online.
The market is expected to continue growing
to an estimated 16 per cent by 20191.
B2C (business-to-consumer) and C2X
(consumer-to-all parties) deliveries currently
account for nearly two-thirds of UK parcel
volume2. We expect aggregated parcel
volumes within these two segments to
grow at approximately 4.5 to 5.5 per cent
in the medium term3.
Parcels sent from business-to-business
(B2B) represent around a third of overall
UK parcel volume4. We expect volume
growth in this segment of the UK market
to track or be slightly above GDP growth
in the medium term5.
We estimate that the total number of parcel
deliveries in the UK – across B2C, C2X and
B2B – will grow at approximately four per cent
per annum in the medium term6.
Within the B2C segment there are three key
categories of parcels: clothing and footwear;
media; and toys and sports. In the medium
term, we expect clothing and footwear and
toys and sports categories to continue to
grow strongly driven by online retailing7.
We expect the rate of growth to slow in
media, due to continued digitisation and
streaming of music and films.
Customers and competition
The competitive environment is shifting. Parcel
carriers who historically focused solely on B2B
parcels are increasingly moving into the B2C
space. Other B2X carriers are shifting into C2X
and developing international export services.
Competing parcel carriers are improving their
service performance, with more convenient
delivery options, increased geographic
coverage and leading edge technology.
Organisations such as Amazon have entered
the market with their own delivery offering
for their customers. Consumers expect a
range of convenient and reliable delivery
and easy returns options, with tracking.
Home delivery remains the most attractive
fulfilment option for customers8. However,
collection from a pick up point is growing in
popularity with consumers – whether directly
from a retailer’s store (in store click-and-
collect) or from a third party location such as
a parcel shop or locker bank (Pick Up/Drop Off
or PUDO points). Demand for alternate pick up
points is currently small, but we expect it to
increase in the future as consumers look for
more flexibility and convenience.
In store click-and-collect tends to impact
purchases that would otherwise have been
made in store, rather than delivery traffic.
However, various market research studies, as
well as internal estimates, suggest that both
forms of click-and-collect are growing fast,
albeit from a low base. 96 per cent of retailers
that offer in-store click-and-collect do not
charge for the service, but delivery to PUDO
points often incurs an extra fee9.
Mobile commerce (m-commerce)10 is growing.
Overall, 40 per cent of UK e-retail sales from
November 2014 to January 2015 were
completed through tablets and smartphones,
with the smartphone channel seeing increasing
growth as customers become more comfortable
with the platform and retailers invest to
improve the smartphone shopping experience11.
UK letters market
A structural shift away from paper-based
communication to electronic communication
has been under way for a number of years.
Different types of letters are experiencing
different rates of decline due to this structural
shift. We estimate addressed mail12 declines
of four to six per cent per annum in the
medium term.
Business letters are declining as businesses
take advantage of mature technologies to
offer services such as online banking.
Businesses perceive cost savings from mail
reduction. However, a significant proportion
of the population would like a choice as to
how they receive household bills and
statements without a penalty.
A major behavioural study on the value of
mail, published in early 2015, revealed that
people are able to manage and improve
their finances better when they receive bank
statements through the post rather than
online. 75 per cent of those who received a
paper statement were able to assess correctly
the financial health of their account, compared
to 48 per cent who received an online
statement13.
Direct mail in the UK is worth £1.8 billion,
accounting for approximately 10.1 per cent
of UK advertising spend14. This reflects the
value that it delivers for businesses. Seven
out of ten people say they have opened a
letter promotion or special offer. Eight in
ten can remember advertising mail they
have received in the past four weeks15.
Advertising spend in the UK is expected
to grow 5.4 per cent in 2015-1616.
Following market liberalisation in 2004,
competition for upstream letter collection
and processing has matured. The proportion
of upstream17 letters handled by competitors
has been relatively stable since 2010-11.
1 Verdict UK E-retail Survey, 2014
2 Triangle Management Services/RMG Fulfilment Market
5 Internal estimate based on historic growth trends and
market insight
Measure, December 2014
6 Internal estimate based on historic growth trends and
3 Internal estimate based on historic growth trends
market insight
(Triangle Management Services/RMG Fulfilment Market
Measure, December 2014) and forecast data (Verdict
UK E-retail Survey, 2015)
4 Triangle Management Services/RMG Fulfilment Market
7 Verdict UK E-retail Survey, 2015
8 IMRG UK Consumer Home Delivery Review 2014
9 Micros Multi-Channel Retail Delivery Report 2014
10 Sales made from mobile devices such as smartphones
Measure, December 2014
and tablets
12 Excluding election mail
13 Keep Me Posted Campaign, www.keepmeposteduk.com
14 WARC (2015) including production costs
15 The Private Life of Mail, www.mailmen.co.uk
16 WARC (2015)
17 Upstream refers to the collection of letters from a
customer or collection point and initial sortation. After
this, sorted mail is delivered to Royal Mail ‘inward’ Mail
Centres for final mile delivery
11 IMRG Capgemini e-Retail Sales Index Quarterly
Benchmarking February 2015
12
Royal Mail plc No.1
Number 1 ranking in both the Dow Jones
Sustainability World Index and Dow Jones
Sustainability Europe Index.
Most trusted
Most trusted and preferred UK
delivery company.
Dow Jones, 2014, Transport and Infrastructure sector
Ipsos MORI, consumer CSI tracker.
Measured 12 delivery companies
Most admired
Included in the Most Admired Companies list.
75%
Three quarters of people in the UK are more
likely to use a particular online retailer again
if they deliver through Royal Mail.
Fortune, 2015
Hall & Partners, 2014
13
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Our business model
Our business model leverages our key strengths to maintain our pre-eminent
position in the UK letters and parcels markets. It demonstrates how our
resources and relationships contribute to our business activities to deliver
sustainable shareholder value and support the financial sustainability of the
Universal Service.
We are transforming as we
handle fewer letters and manage
increasing parcel volumes.
Combined with the disciplines of
being a public company, these
dynamics mean that we face strong
efficiency incentives. We are
embedding a cost-conscious
culture through a combination
of cost actions, optimising our
network and standardising
our processes.
Updating our IT systems underpins
the development of more flexible,
customer focused services. In turn,
these drive a high quality of service
and underpin public trust in our
postmen and women, and the
Royal Mail brand.
Our resources and relationships
1 Networks and customers
UKPIL
Royal Mail Core Network
Key products and services
USO letters and parcels
Stamped and meter mail
Airmail
Redirections
USO on Account
Special Delivery
Guaranteed by 1pm
Non USO letters
and parcels
Royal Mail Tracked
Royal Mail 24/48
Business and
Advertising Mail
International Business
Tracked and Signed
Network Access Mail
Special Delivery
Guaranteed by 9am
Parcelforce Worldwide
Key products and services
Domestic and International
express parcels
GLS
Key products and services
Deferred parcels
Express parcels
2 People and brand
Customer points
c.115,000
pillar boxes
c.1,4001
Delivery Offices
c.12,000
branches
(Partnership with Post Office)
60,000
delivery routes
54
depots
c.12,000
branches
(Partnership with Post Office)
c.7002
depots
c.14,000
Parcel shops
We are the UK’s most trusted and preferred delivery company3. The trust that our stakeholders place in
us and the Universal Service is the result of the dedication and commitment of our 143,000 employees
in the UK, in particular our postmen and women. GLS Germany came first in an undercover survey of
nine parcel and shipping services conducted by the German Society for Consumer Studies.
3 Continued investment in change, growth and innovation
We have invested a net £1.2 billion over two years. In future, investment is planned to fund growth
initiatives, such as parcels automation and tracking, maintain our operations, products and services
and deliver further efficiency improvements.
1 Including satellite Delivery Offices
2 GLS and partners
3 Ipsos MORI, consumer CSI tracker.
Measured 12 delivery companies
14
Royal Mail plc Customer
• Providing a high quality service, including high levels of first
time delivery, everywhere in the UK and Europe
• Adapting our products and services to meet customer needs
in the e-retailing market (i.e. opening up our network to
retailers seven days a week)
• Expanding the rollout of successful propositions, such
as FlexDeliveryService, across our European network
• Demonstrating the value of letters through the delivery of
campaigns like Mailmen, and our support for the Keep Me
Posted campaign
• Continuing to develop IT-led services, like Parcelforce Select,
to improve end-customers’ control of parcel delivery
People
• Embedding a collaborative, can-do culture with our unions
as we seek new areas of growth
• Supporting our managers to deliver an even better safety
and wellbeing performance, including in key areas like
attendance management
• Rolling out new technology and working practices at pace
to allow us to track significantly more barcoded parcels
• Increasing employee engagement and alignment through
a comprehensive face-to-face programme and share
schemes like Save As You Earn
Customer
People
54
depots
c.12,000
branches
(Partnership with Post Office)
Revenue
Be recognised as the
best delivery
company in the UK
and across Europe
Financial and
performance
Outputs
• Generation of sustainable
shareholder value
• Ensuring the future,
financial sustainability
of the Universal Service
• Capacity for further
investment in change,
growth and innovation
People and brand
Investment
in change
Financial and performance
• Driving a cost-conscious culture through a combination
of cost control actions, optimising our network and
standardising our processes
• Improving efficiency and productivity through better
alignment of resource to workload and standardisation
of methods and processes across our UK operation
• Investing in our continued IT transformation, including
delivering parcels systems and automation
• Addressing industry challenges in GLS Germany, caused
by the introduction of minimum wage legislation, through
a range of operational and commercial responses
15
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Our strategy
We have a clear vision to be recognised as the best delivery company in the UK and across Europe.
Our three-part strategy aims to deliver our vision, while generating sustainable shareholder value
and supporting the continued provision of the Universal Service.
Our three strategic priorities are underpinned by a focus on managing our business successfully, which
is assessed on a range of financial and non-financial measures. We will continue to keep a tight grip
on costs, as we drive up efficiency and improve productivity across our operation. We are investing
in training our people, through training programmes like Together for Growth and the Management
Acceleration Programme. Continued rollout of improved IT solutions will provide the service levels our
customers expect in an increasingly competitive marketplace.
In the UK, we will seek to maintain our pre-eminent position by retaining and growing existing
business relationships and increasing our presence in growth areas. We are delivering significant
IT upgrades, and accelerating the migration of parcel customers to information-rich, 2D barcodes.
In time, we will significantly increase the number of parcels we scan at the Mail Centre and on the
doorstep. We will continue to flex our offering to meet the changing demands of e-retailers and
consumers. In Europe, we will continue to deliver growth organically and through selective acquisitions.
We will roll out new products, such as FlexDeliveryService, to other international markets to meet
increasing demands.
We aim to mitigate the impact of e-substitution by demonstrating the value of letters to UK
consumers and large businesses. We will seek to protect and improve revenue generation through
initiatives like Mailmark® and by rolling out revenue protection processes. We will continue to make
the case to Ofcom for a level playing field for all letter delivery operators in the UK. At the same time,
we will seek opportunities for further efficiencies across our pipeline, to reduce the hours required to
process and sort letters.
We will continue to be flexible to meet changing customer demands. The rollout of improved IT
capability will offer business customers improved access to products and services, better visibility of
their mailings and improved customer data. Consistent deployment of delivery standards across our
UK operation aims to drive up average first time delivery rates for parcels. We will continue to deliver
an improved customer experience through investment in our Delivery Offices.
Strategic priorities
Strategic priority 1
Being a
successful
parcels
business.
Strategic priority 2
Managing
the decline
in letters.
Strategic priority 3
Being customer
focused.
16
Key initiatives
• Seeking to grow our presence in faster-growing areas of
the UK parcels market, such as clothing and footwear;
• Enhancing our ability to handle larger parcels by being more
flexible with e-retailers;
• Rolling out handheld devices and supporting IT systems
to support the tracking of significantly more parcels;
• Introducing automated parcel sorting to around 20 of our
busiest Mail Centres;
• Continuing to develop IT-led services, like Parcelforce Select,
to improve end-customers’ control of parcel delivery;
• Targeting new markets, including through selective
acquisitions in Europe; and
• Rolling out FlexDeliveryService to more European markets.
• Maintaining a high Quality of Service;
• Promoting the value of marketing mail through targeted
new-business campaigns, like Mailmen;
• Driving revenue protection through the cancellation of stamps
and other initiatives;
• Providing information-rich customer mailing data through
further uptake of Mailmark®; and
• Continuing to make the case to our regulator, Ofcom, for
a level playing field for the delivery of letters in the UK,
including the development of a comprehensive regulatory
framework for the Universal Service.
• Driving improvements in first-time delivery rates through
the consistent deployment of standards like Delivery to
Neighbour and Nominate a Neighbour;
• Using standardised processes, training and employee
engagement to close the gap between our best and worst
• Investing in our Enquiry Offices to provide an improved
performing units;
customer experience;
• Continuing to drive down complaints, with a focus on the
four most common categories;
• Improving access to our products and services, including
• Providing improved online platforms for sole-traders,
Sunday opening; and
micro-SMEs and SMEs.
Royal Mail plc Strategic priorities
Strategic priority 1
In the UK, we will seek to maintain our pre-eminent position by retaining and growing existing
business relationships and increasing our presence in growth areas. We are delivering significant
IT upgrades, and accelerating the migration of parcel customers to information-rich, 2D barcodes.
In time, we will significantly increase the number of parcels we scan at the Mail Centre and on the
doorstep. We will continue to flex our offering to meet the changing demands of e-retailers and
consumers. In Europe, we will continue to deliver growth organically and through selective acquisitions.
We will roll out new products, such as FlexDeliveryService, to other international markets to meet
increasing demands.
Strategic priority 2
We aim to mitigate the impact of e-substitution by demonstrating the value of letters to UK
consumers and large businesses. We will seek to protect and improve revenue generation through
initiatives like Mailmark® and by rolling out revenue protection processes. We will continue to make
the case to Ofcom for a level playing field for all letter delivery operators in the UK. At the same time,
we will seek opportunities for further efficiencies across our pipeline, to reduce the hours required to
process and sort letters.
Strategic priority 3
We will continue to be flexible to meet changing customer demands. The rollout of improved IT
capability will offer business customers improved access to products and services, better visibility of
their mailings and improved customer data. Consistent deployment of delivery standards across our
UK operation aims to drive up average first time delivery rates for parcels. We will continue to deliver
an improved customer experience through investment in our Delivery Offices.
Being a
successful
parcels
business.
Managing
the decline
in letters.
Being customer
focused.
Key initiatives
• Seeking to grow our presence in faster-growing areas of
the UK parcels market, such as clothing and footwear;
• Enhancing our ability to handle larger parcels by being more
flexible with e-retailers;
• Rolling out handheld devices and supporting IT systems
to support the tracking of significantly more parcels;
• Introducing automated parcel sorting to around 20 of our
busiest Mail Centres;
• Continuing to develop IT-led services, like Parcelforce Select,
to improve end-customers’ control of parcel delivery;
• Targeting new markets, including through selective
acquisitions in Europe; and
• Rolling out FlexDeliveryService to more European markets.
• Maintaining a high Quality of Service;
• Promoting the value of marketing mail through targeted
new-business campaigns, like Mailmen;
• Driving revenue protection through the cancellation of stamps
and other initiatives;
• Providing information-rich customer mailing data through
further uptake of Mailmark®; and
• Continuing to make the case to our regulator, Ofcom, for
a level playing field for the delivery of letters in the UK,
including the development of a comprehensive regulatory
framework for the Universal Service.
• Driving improvements in first-time delivery rates through
the consistent deployment of standards like Delivery to
Neighbour and Nominate a Neighbour;
• Using standardised processes, training and employee
engagement to close the gap between our best and worst
performing units;
• Investing in our Enquiry Offices to provide an improved
customer experience;
• Continuing to drive down complaints, with a focus on the
four most common categories;
• Improving access to our products and services, including
Sunday opening; and
• Providing improved online platforms for sole-traders,
micro-SMEs and SMEs.
17
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Key performance indicators
Our Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) are divided into People, Customer, Performance and Financial segments, as represented in our business
model and our Corporate Balanced Scorecard. Further details relating to the link between our KPIs and Executive Remuneration can be found
in the Directors’ remuneration report on page 70.
KPI and strategic link(s)
Measured by
Key activities in the year
People
Safety
More information:
see Corporate Responsibility, page 38
Employee engagement
More information:
see Corporate Responsibility, page 37
Customer focus
More information:
see Corporate Responsibility, page 37
Customer
First Class Quality of Service
More information:
see CEO Review, page 10
Mean business customer satisfaction
More information:
see CEO Review, page 10
Customer complaints
More information:
see Corporate Responsibility, page 37
Lost Time Accident Frequency
Rate: the number of work-related
accidents resulting in an absence
on the next day or shift per
100,000 hours worked.
An annual survey by Ipsos MORI
measuring involvement,
alignment and loyalty of
colleagues through a number
of questions, including: what our
people think about Royal Mail,
their job, supporting our strategy
and their place in contributing to
Royal Mail Group’s success.
We have delivered a further reduction in the amount of time lost to accidents.
We continue to focus on improving road safety. We have deployed advanced
driver training to employee-drivers. We ran our annual Road Safety Week
campaign in November 2014, raising safety awareness through videos,
posters, our internal television programme and manager’s briefings. Dog
attacks have reduced in the performance period. We ran our annual
Dangerous Dog Awareness Week in June 2014. Thanks to the independent
report, commissioned in 2012, legislation was changed in May 2014 to protect
our postmen and women beyond the garden gate.
In September 2014, we launched a Save As You Earn share scheme for
eligible UK employees. More than 36,000 eligible UK employees opted to
take part – around a quarter of those who were eligible to apply. As part of
our ground-breaking Agenda for Growth agreement with the CWU, we have
launched 60 joint projects. These include our Together for Growth training
programme for more than 6,500 managers and CWU representatives.
Through our ongoing face-to-face communications programme, we
have held approximately 350 on-site engagement sessions.
An annual survey by Ipsos MORI
measuring how focused our
people are on delivering
improvements in customer
service.
Christmas is a key trading period for us. Planning began early, which meant
that we delivered one of our highest ever quality of service performances for
parcel deliveries in December1. We recruited around 19,000 seasonal workers
to support our postmen and women. Ten parcel sort centres were opened to
manage increasing volumes over the period.
An independent, audited measure
of Quality of Service for First
Class retail products delivered by
the next working day, which may
be adjusted for force majeure2.
Our regulatory Quality of Service targets are amongst the highest of any major
European country. We delivered a strong performance at both the national
and local level. This included meeting or exceeding the minimum target of
91.5 per cent for First Class delivery in 109 out of 118 postcode areas3.
Our programme to embed our Operations Standards will support continued
high Quality of Service delivery.
Mean business customer
satisfaction scores include the
impact of a number of issues
including price, service quality
and customer experience.
We maintained very good levels of customer satisfaction amongst our
business customers. A customer satisfaction questionnaire is completed by
a sample of business customers every month. We have extended e-retailers’
access to our network from five and a half days a week to seven. We are being
more flexible about the size and shape of parcels we can deliver.
Number of complaints (not
claims) opened by our
Customer Service team.
For the first time in four years, we have delivered a reduction in customer
complaints across all of our major categories: redirections, redeliveries,
misdeliveries and ‘Something for You’ cards. In March 2015, we launched
Nominate a Neighbour as a Royal Mail standard, which will support Delivery
to Neighbour to ensure as many parcels as possible reach our customers
on the first attempt.
This icon is used throughout this document to indicate reporting against a KPI.
Strategic links key
Being a successful parcels business
Managing the decline in letters
Being customer focused
1 Based on records from 2002 for stamped and meter first class parcels. Types and sizes of parcels sampled have changed over time and reflect our live traffic profile
2 This accounts for the impact of factors which are beyond Royal Mail’s control, such as weather
3 113 postcode areas reached the minimum floor target when adjusted for force majeure
18
Royal Mail plc
KPI and strategic link(s)
Measured by
Key activities in the year
Performance
Group revenue
More information:
see Financial Review, page 24
Productivity for collections,
processing and delivery
More information:
see CEO Review, pages 10-11
Composite parcels quality
of service
More information:
see CEO Review, page 10
Financial
Total UK costs
More information:
see UKPIL, page 22
Group revenue adjusted for
foreign exchange movements.
Revenue, including discontinued operations, increased in the year through
parcel revenue growth in UKPIL and revenue growth in GLS, which offset
a decline in UKPIL letter revenue.
Percentage change year-on-year
in the number of weighted items
per gross hour paid in Delivery
Units and Mail Centre Units
(delivery and processing including
regional logistics and collections).
We reduced hours in the core network at a faster rate than workload, which
was broadly flat.
A measure of the overall Quality
of Service performance of core
network parcels delivered by their
service specification, weighted by
traffic volume.
Our composite parcels KPI looks at Parcel Quality of Service for regulated and
non-regulated products across our entire portfolio. We saw further progress
in our performance this year, delivering one of our best ever parcel quality
performances in December 2014. We are driving improvements in first time
delivery rates through standardisation of best practice, especially for key
initiatives like Delivery to Neighbour. We are closing the gap between our
best and worst performing offices.
Total reported costs for UK
businesses (UKPIL and Other)
before transformation costs.
Total reported UK costs before transformation costs were broadly flat.
In UKPIL, people costs increased due to the three per cent pay award and
increase in the pension service charge. This was offset by non-people
costs reducing due to cost control activities.
Group operating profit before
transformation costs
More information:
see Financial Review, page 25
Reported Group operating
profit before transformation
costs, adjusted for foreign
exchange movements.
Reported Group operating profit before transformation costs reduced, mainly
as a result of the increase in the pension service charge.
Free cash flow
Free cash flow.
Free cash flow excluding net cash flows from the London property portfolio
reduced in the year due to increased investment and one-off benefits to
working capital in the prior year.
More information:
see Financial Review, page 26
19
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
UK parcels: adding value
and convenient services
The journey so far...
Local Collect
Connect and ship through APIs
Royal Mail open seven days a week
Delivery to Neighbour
Launched tracked returns
Trial of Sunday deliveries
SUN
Small parcel size increased
Launch of ‘Click & Drop’
Tracked returns portal
What’s in our plan...
Barcoding more parcels
More parcels scanned on the doorstep
Further enhancements of Delivery Offices
Rollout of new handheld scanners
and finger scanners
International tracked returns
20
Royal Mail plc UK Parcels, International
& Letters (UKPIL)
Summary trading results
(£m)
Letters & other mail
Marketing mail
Total letters
Parcels
Revenue3
Operating costs before transformation costs
Operating profit before transformation costs
Operating profit margin before transformation costs
Transformation costs
Operating profit after transformation costs
Operating profit margin after transformation costs
Volumes (m)
Letters
Addressed letters
Unaddressed letters
Parcels
Royal Mail core network
Parcelforce Worldwide
Total
Trading performance
The increasing challenges in the UK parcels
market meant that our parcel revenue for
the year was lower than we had originally
anticipated. As a result, UKPIL revenue was
flat at £7,757 million, as the one per cent
decline in total letter revenue was offset by
a one per cent increase in parcel revenue.
Parcel volumes were up three per cent, with
growth in low average unit revenue (AUR)
import parcels and the impact of our initiatives
in account parcels more than offsetting the
decline in higher AUR consumer/SME volumes.
Parcel revenue grew by one per cent to
£3,190 million, reflecting this change in mix
and the impact of the competitive environment
on pricing. Parcelforce Worldwide had strong
volume growth of 12 per cent, driven by
growth in the existing customer base and new
business wins, including customers from the
former City Link business. However it has seen
downward pressure on pricing as a result of
overcapacity in the market such that its
revenue growth has been impacted.
Addressed letter volumes declined by four per
cent (excluding the impact of election mailings),
at the better end of our forecast range of a
4-6 per cent decline per annum in the medium
term. This was mainly due to the improvement
in UK economic conditions this year as we had
anticipated. Overall letter revenue (including
marketing mail) of £4,567 million decreased by
one per cent. The impact of elections more than
offset the estimated impact of direct delivery in
Adjusted1
52 weeks
2015
Adjusted
52 weeks
2014
Underlying
change2
3,400
1,167
4,567
3,190
7,757
(7,142)
615
7.9%
(145)
470
6.1%
3,514
1,111
4,625
3,162
7,787
(7,179)
608
7.8%
(241)
367
4.7%
13,009
3,157
13,342
3,143
1,015
86
1,101
991
77
1,068
(3%)
5%
(1%)
1%
Flat
(1%)
40 bps
20 bps
(4%)
1%
3%
12%
3%
the year of around £20 million. Marketing mail
revenue of £1,167 million, which includes
addressed and unaddressed marketing mail
as well as revenue from our data businesses
of £82 million, was up five per cent as a result
of the improvement in UK economic
conditions and the impact of MarketReach.
On a reported basis revenue reduced by
£30 million to £7,757 million.
Operating costs
Total adjusted operating costs before
transformation costs were down one per cent,
better than our expectation of a flat
performance.
People costs increased by one per cent as a
result of increased pay costs, due to the three
per cent frontline pay award and incentives,
headcount expansion in Parcelforce Worldwide
and IT, and the additional cost of delivering
election mail. These increases were partially
offset by a 2.5 per cent improvement in
collections, processing and delivery productivity
in the core network and savings achieved from
the management reorganisation programme,
announced in March 2014, of £42 million.
We now expect this programme to deliver
savings of around £80 million per annum
from 2015-16. In accordance with the 2013
pay agreement, the frontline pay award for
2015-16 is 2.8 per cent. We continue to target
annual productivity improvements of 2-3 per
cent per annum. As a result of the new
single-tier state pension scheme to be
introduced in April 2016, the Group expects
to see an increase in its employer National
Insurance contributions for employees
participating in the Royal Mail Pension Plan
(RMPP) of up to £75 million, which would
impact the 2016-17 financial year.
Non-people costs declined by four per cent.
Distribution and conveyance costs reduced
by five per cent partly due to a reduction in
terminal dues as a result of a change in the
geographic mix of export parcels in the period.
Savings were also achieved on vehicle costs
through improved fleet management and on
fuel costs. Diesel and jet fuel costs were
£186 million in the year, compared with
£195 million in the prior year. We buy
forward a large part of our fuel requirements,
therefore we are not materially exposed to
short-term fluctuations in oil prices. We
expect fuel costs to be around £171 million
in 2015-16. Infrastructure costs were four
per cent lower mainly due to cost savings
on property, with reduced spend in relation
to facilities management. Depreciation and
amortisation of £242 million was broadly in
line with the prior year. Other operating costs
decreased by one per cent.
Becoming more
sustainable
Royal Mail Group’s approach to waste
management follows the waste
hierarchy to avoid landfill: reduce,
re-use, recycle and recover (through
energy from waste). Reducing the
amount of waste sent to landfill reduces
costs, while some waste streams
present opportunities for revenue
generation. For example, we collect
cardboard packaging we receive from
customers and suppliers, and bale and
recycle this through our waste
contractor. We also arrange for
collection of hazardous waste materials
and used tyres from our vehicle
workshops. During 2014-15 we
received rebates totalling £291,000
in return for waste oil, used batteries,
large tyres and cardboard.
1 Adjusted results exclude specific items, including the difference between the income statement pension charge and the total cash cost of pensions, including deficit payments
2 All movements are on an underlying basis unless otherwise stated. Underlying change is calculated after adjusting for movements in foreign exchange in GLS, working days in UKPIL and
other one-off items that distort the Group’s underlying performance. For volumes, underlying movements are adjusted for working days in UKPIL and exclude elections in letter volumes
3 Stamped, metered and other prepaid revenue channels are subject to statistical sampling surveys to derive the revenue relating to parcels, marketing mail and letters
These surveys are subject to continuous refinement, which may over time reallocate revenue between the products above, and which may occasionally lead to a consequent change
to this estimate
21
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 UK Parcels, International & Letters (UKPIL) (continued)
Operating costs
(£m)
People costs
Distribution and conveyance costs
Infrastructure costs
Other operating costs
Total non-people costs
Total operating costs before transformation costs
Transformation costs
(£m)
Voluntary redundancy – ongoing
Voluntary redundancy – management reorganisation programme
Project costs
Business transformation payments
Total
Adjusted
52 weeks
2015
Adjusted
52 weeks
2014
Underlying
change
2
(4,789)
(821)
(919)
(613)
(2,353)
(7,142)
(4,760)
(855)
(946)
(618)
(2,419)
(7,179)
1%
(5%)
(4%)
(1%)
(4%)
(1%)
Adjusted
52 weeks
2015
Adjusted
52 weeks
2014
(87)
6
(55)
(9)
(145)
(14)
(102)
(108)
(17)
(241)
Case study
Nominate a Neighbour
In March 2015, we launched Nominate a Neighbour, a
new initiative designed to further increase convenience
for customers and improve first time delivery.
The scheme was developed by frontline employees,
trade union representatives and managers in a number
of our delivery offices. A number of offices across the
UK helped in the development stage and trialled the
initiative.
Under the Nominate a Neighbour scheme, when
customers pick up a parcel at a Delivery Office they are
asked if they would like to nominate a preferred
neighbour to receive parcels on their behalf in future,
if they are not at home when we call. A simple form is
completed so that identity and address information can
be verified.
The postman or woman will try the designated address
first, before trying other neighbours nearby.
This provides customers with further reassurance
about the location of their parcel and helps our
postmen and women on their delivery rounds.
For 2015-16 we continue to target flat or
better UKPIL costs on an underlying basis.
Adjusted operating profit before
transformation costs was £615 million,
giving a margin of 7.9 per cent, up 40 basis
points on an underlying basis.
Reported total costs before transformation
costs for UK businesses (UKPIL and Other)
were broadly flat at £7,275 million (2013-14
£7,242 million).
See KPIs pages 18 – 19.
On a reported basis, UKPIL operating costs
before transformation costs increased by
£34 million to £7,271 million. Reported pension
costs increased by £73 million over the prior
year, mainly due to the increase in the IAS 19
non-cash pension service charge, caused by a
decrease in AA corporate bond yields.
Transformation costs
Total transformation costs of £145 million
were marginally above our expectations due
to an increased number of people leaving the
business in the second half of the year. The
prior year included a £104 million provision
for the management reorganisation
programme announced in March 2014 of
which £6 million reversed in 2014-15. We
continue to expect ongoing transformation
costs of around £120-140 million per annum,
depending on the level of voluntary
redundancies announced in-year.
Project costs, including costs relating to
Delivery Office revisions, have reduced from
2013-14.
The £9 million business transformation
payments relate to the Business
Transformation Agreement 2010. These
payments are now largely complete and
minimal payments are expected going
forward.
Transformations costs are the same on
a reported or adjusted basis.
Operating profit after transformation
costs
Adjusted operating profit after transformation
costs was £470 million, giving a margin of
6.1 per cent, up 20 basis points on an
underlying basis.
Reported operating profit after transformation
costs was £341 million, giving a margin of
4.4 per cent.
22
Royal Mail plc Italy
Despite an unfavourable economic
environment, GLS Italy has continued to
deliver strong organic growth which, coupled
with the benefit of acquisitions last year, drove
a 16 per cent increase in revenue. GLS Italy
continues to gain market share but this rate
of growth is not expected to continue
in 2015-16.
Other developed European markets
(includes Austria, Belgium, Netherlands,
Denmark, Ireland, Spain and Portugal)
Revenue increased across other developed
European markets which represent 21 per
cent (2013-14 21 per cent) of total GLS
revenue. Whilst all countries saw revenue
growth, the strongest was seen in Spain and
Ireland, from a low base.
Developing/emerging European markets
(includes Hungary, Slovenia, Slovakia,
Czech Republic, Romania, Poland and
Croatia)
Performance throughout the rest of Europe
has been strong, with a good increase in
revenue from developing/emerging European
markets. The largest growth was in Croatia
and Romania, from a low base.
General Logistics Systems
(GLS)
Summary trading results (including discontinued operations)
52 weeks
2015
52 weeks
2014
2,100
(1,954)
146
7.0%
1,653
(1,538)
115
436
1,957
(1,829)
128
6.5%
1,651
(1,543)
108
404
Change
7%
7%
50 bps
8%
52 weeks
2015
52 weeks
2014
Change
(470)
(1,290)
(135)
(59)
(1,484)
(1,954)
(435)
(1,204)
(128)
(62)
(1,394)
(1,829)
8%
7%
6%
(6%)
6%
7%
On a reported basis, operating costs of
£1,442 million were flat, as the increase in
underlying Euro costs was offset by the
impact of foreign exchange movements.
Operating profit
Reported operating profit increased to
£115 million, representing a margin of
7.0 per cent.
Germany
The competitive environment, coupled
with a challenging labour market, has had
a continued impact on GLS Germany.
It saw revenue growth of three per cent
and remains the largest market for GLS by
revenue. On 31 March 2015, GLS Germany
sold its entire holding in its subsidiary DPD
Systemlogistik (DPD SL) which had revenue
of £96 million in the year, and has been
reclassified as discontinued operations.
France
The turnaround programme in GLS France
was ahead of plan this year. Operating losses
reduced to €16 million (2013-14 €27 million)
as the cost reduction element of the
turnaround has progressed well and increased
revenue growth was achieved. Revenue
growth of seven per cent came from existing
and new customers. We are targeting GLS
France to be break-even in 2016-17.
(€m)
Revenue
Operating costs
Operating profit
Operating profit margin
(£m)
Revenue
Operating costs
Operating profit
Volumes (m)1
Operating costs
(€m)
People costs
Distribution and conveyance costs
Infrastructure costs
Other operating costs
Total non-people costs
Total operating costs
Trading performance
GLS continues to perform well. The business
delivered a better than expected revenue
performance this year, with seven per cent
growth driven by an eight per cent increase
in parcel volumes. Revenue growth has been
achieved in all our markets, with particularly
strong growth in Italy, as well as growth in
emerging European markets. Germany,
France and Italy, GLS’ core markets, in
aggregate still account for around 70 per cent
of GLS’ revenue.
On a reported basis, revenue of £1,557 million
was flat as the improvement in underlying
Euro revenue was offset by the impact of
foreign exchange movements.
Operating costs
Total operating costs were up seven per cent,
broadly in line with volume growth.
People costs increased by eight per cent as
a result of pay inflation and incentives, the
impact of acquisitions, and semi-variable costs
driven by volume. We have already seen some
impact of the introduction of minimum wage
legislation in Germany, which took effect from
1 January 2015. Non-people costs were up
six per cent. Distribution and conveyance costs
were up seven per cent, reflecting higher
volumes. Infrastructure costs increased by
six per cent due to higher depreciation and
amortisation charges from IT investments.
Other operating costs reduced by six per cent,
mainly due to a non-recurring indirect tax
charge and higher France restructuring costs
in 2013-14.
1 Includes volumes from DPD SL (2014-15 45 million; 2013-14 44 million)
23
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Financial review
Matthew Lester
Chief Finance Officer
Reported results (continuing operations)
Group revenue was flat at £9,328 million (2013-14 £9,357 million). Operating costs before transformation costs of £8,717 million (2013-14
£8,688 million) were broadly flat. Group operating profit before transformation costs reduced to £611 million (2013-14 £669 million) and
operating profit after transformation costs increased to £466 million (2013-14 £428 million). Profit before tax reduced from £1,664 million
to £400 million. Earnings per share reduced from 127.5 pence to 32.5 pence.
Presentation of results
The remaining commentary in this financial review, unless otherwise indicated, focuses on the adjusted1 results (including discontinued
operations) and on movements in revenue, costs, profits and margins on an underlying basis2. This is consistent with the way that financial
performance is measured by Management and reported to the Board and assists in providing a meaningful analysis of the trading results of the
Group. As indicated in our financial report for the half year ended 28 September 2014, and as outlined in our Significant accounting policies
section on page 133, we have moved to presenting operating costs, operating profit and earnings with the difference between the income
statement pension charge and the actual cash cost of pensions treated as a specific item.
Group revenue
(£m)
Letters
Parcels
UKPIL
GLS
Other
Group
Adjusted
52 weeks
2015
Adjusted
52 weeks
2014
Underlying
change2
4,567
3,190
7,757
1,653
14
9,424
4,625
3,162
7,787
1,651
18
9,456
(1%)
1%
Flat
7%
1%
Group revenue increased by one per cent, due to parcel revenue growth in UKPIL and in GLS.
See KPIs pages 18 – 19.
Parcel revenue accounted for 51 per cent of Group revenue (2013-14 51 per cent). The factors impacting revenue in the year are described
in the sections entitled ‘UK Parcels, International & Letters (UKPIL)’ and ‘General Logistics Systems (GLS)’.
Group operating costs
(£m)
People costs
Distribution and conveyance costs
Infrastructure costs
Other operating costs
Total non-people costs
Operating costs before transformation costs
Transformation costs
Operating costs after transformation costs
Adjusted
52 weeks
2015
Adjusted
52 weeks
2014
Underlying
change2
(5,246)
(1,836)
(1,023)
(579)
(3,438)
(8,684)
(145)
(8,829)
(5,224)
(1,869)
(1,051)
(583)
(3,503)
(8,727)
(241)
(8,968)
1%
1%
(3%)
(1%)
Flat
1%
1%
Group operating costs before transformation costs were up one per cent as lower UKPIL costs as a result of cost actions were offset by increases
in GLS, mainly due to higher volumes. The factors impacting operating costs in the year are described in the sections entitled ‘UK Parcels,
International & Letters (UKPIL)’ and ‘General Logistics Systems (GLS)’.
1 Adjusted results exclude specific items, including the difference between the income statement pension charge and the total cash cost of pensions, including deficit payments.
The figures include DPD Systemlogistik, a subsidiary of GLS Germany, which was owned by the Group for the full reporting period, and sold following the year end and has been
reclassified as discontinued operations
2 All movements are on an underlying basis unless otherwise stated. Underlying change is calculated after adjusting for movements in foreign exchange in GLS, working days in UKPIL
and other one-off items that distort the Group’s underlying performance. See reconciliation for underlying movements on pages 29 – 30
24
Royal Mail plc Group operating profit and margins
(£m)
UKPIL
GLS
Other
Group operating profit before transformation costs
Adjusted
52 weeks
2015
Adjusted
52 weeks
2014
615
115
10
740
608
108
13
729
Adjusted operating profit before transformation costs was £740 million, giving an operating profit margin before transformation costs
of 7.9 per cent, an increase of 40 basis points on an underlying basis.
Reported operating profit before transformation costs adjusted for foreign exchange movements was £620 million.
See KPIs pages 18 – 19.
Transformation costs are described in the section entitled ‘UK Parcels, International & Letters (UKPIL)’
(£m)
UKPIL
GLS
Other
Group operating profit after transformation costs
Adjusted
52 weeks
2015
Adjusted
52 weeks
2014
470
115
10
595
367
108
13
488
Adjusted operating profit after transformation costs was £595 million, with UKPIL contributing 79 per cent (2013-14 75 per cent) to the Group
total. The operating profit margin after transformation costs increased by 20 basis points on an underlying basis to 6.3 per cent.
Specific items
(£m)
Operating specific items:
Pension charge to cash difference
Royal Mail Pension Plan amendment (non-cash)
Transaction-related costs
Employee Free Shares charge3 (non-cash)
Impairment and legacy costs
Total operating specific items
Non-operating specific items:
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Profit on disposal of associate undertaking
Net pension interest (non-cash)
Total specific items
Adjusted
52 weeks
2015
Adjusted
52 weeks
2014
(129)
–
–
(169)
(79)
(377)
–
133
–
75
(169)
(58)
1,350
(28)
(94)
(15)
1,155
–
19
2
69
1,245
The £129 million difference between the income statement pension charge (£552 million) and the actual cash paid out in respect of pensions,
including the Royal Mail Senior Executives Pension Plan (RMSEPP) £10 million deficit payment (£423 million), is treated as an operating specific
item. The increase in the difference of £71 million has been driven by a decrease in AA corporate bond yields. For 2015-16, given the continued
fall in AA corporate bond yields, the difference between the income statement charge and the cash cost is expected to be around £255 million,
an increase of around £125 million over 2014-15, mainly due to an increase in the IAS 19 pension service charge rate from 23.6 per cent to
29.8 per cent.
Other operating specific items in the period included the charge associated with the Employee Free Shares Offer of £169 million, which was lower
than the £180 million we anticipated due to an adjustment for leavers in the year. The charge for 2015-16 is expected to be around £150 million,
dependent on the level and mix of leavers. Impairment and legacy costs of £79 million included a £24 million one-off impairment charge in
respect of certain IT assets, a £19 million movement in the provision for potential industrial diseases claims driven by a reduction in the discount
rate, and £5 million of other costs, partially offset by a £15 million reversal of historical employment costs. It also includes the charge in respect of
the anticipated fine on GLS France in the ongoing investigation by the French Competition Authority and associated costs. This has been
reassessed at the full year to be £46 million (comprised of £40 million for the anticipated fine and £6 million associated costs) in light of further
correspondence with the French Competition Authority and their approach in other recent cases. The actual level of the fine to be imposed on
GLS France will not be known until the second half of 2015-16.
Non-operating specific items included property and asset disposal gains of £133 million, of which £106 million is in respect of profit on the sale of
the Paddington site.
3 Includes £6 million (2013-14 £3 million) provision for National Insurance, which will be cash settled
25
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Financial review (continued)
Net pension interest of £75 million is non-cash and is calculated by applying the schemes’ discount rate at the beginning of the year to the net
pension surplus. The net pension interest for 2015-16, based on the discount rate and net pension surplus at 29 March 2015, is expected to
be a credit of £107 million.
Net finance costs (excluding specific items)
Net finance costs of £26 million (2013-14 £67 million) comprise finance costs of £30 million (2013-14 £71 million), offset by finance income of
£4 million (2013-14 £4 million). The decrease in finance costs was largely due to the new loans and borrowings (including the €500 million bond)
being at lower rates than the previous HM Government facilities.
Following the amendments to the syndicated bank facility in March 2015, and taking into account the full year impact of the Euro bond, the
blended interest rate on gross debt (loans, bonds and finance leases of £638 million at 29 March 2015) for 2015-16 is expected to be
approximately three per cent.
Taxation
Effective rate
The effective tax rate on reported Group profit before tax is 18 per cent (2013-14 23 per cent). The UK effective tax rate on reported profit is
11 per cent (2013-14 22 per cent). This rate is significantly lower than the UK corporation tax rate as a result of reinvestment relief available
to offset profit on UK property disposals. GLS’ effective tax rate on reported profit is 51 per cent (2013-14 37 per cent) reflecting a range of tax
rates across different territories, some of which are higher than in the UK, and losses (primarily in France) for which no deferred tax credit has
been recognised. The increase over the prior year is mainly due to the charge in respect of the anticipated fine on GLS France in the ongoing
investigation by the French Competition Authority, for which we anticipate no tax relief.
The effective tax rate on adjusted Group profits before tax is 24 per cent (2013-14 26 per cent). The rate has reduced broadly in line with the
reduction in the UK corporation tax rate.
Current
The reported UK current tax charge of £7 million (2013-14 £1 million) represents a tax rate on profit before tax of two per cent (2013-14 nil
per cent). Taxable profits in the UK are, as anticipated, largely covered by a combination of losses and capital allowance claims as well as the tax
impacts of Employee Share Schemes. Reported GLS current tax charge of £32 million (2013-14 £36 million) represents a tax rate of 46 per cent
(2013-14 34 per cent).
Deferred
The reported Group deferred tax charge was £33 million (2013-14 £349 million). This arose mainly as a result of capital allowance claims
and utilisation of brought forward losses. In the prior period the charge was primarily in relation to the Group’s pension position.
Earnings per share (EPS)
Adjusted EPS was 42.8 pence (reported 32.5 pence) on a basic and diluted basis.
Summary free cash flow
(£m)
Reported EBITDA before transformation costs
Pension charge to cash difference (operating specific item)
Adjusted EBITDA before transformation costs
Trading working capital movements
Total investment
Tax
Net finance costs paid
Other – SAYE share option scheme charge difference, dividends from associate
In-year trading cash flow
Other working capital movements
Operating specific items
Proceeds from disposal of property (excluding London property portfolio), plant and equipment and associate undertaking
(non-operating specific item)
Free cash flow (before net cash flows from London property portfolio)
London property portfolio net cash flows (non-operating specific item)
Free cash flow
52 weeks
2015
52 weeks
2014
889
129
1,018
1
(658)
(37)
(18)
5
311
11
(8)
39
353
100
453
942
58
1,000
(57)
(617)
(38)
(33)
2
257
140
(35)
36
398
–
398
Free cash flow of £453 million was up £55 million. It included £100 million net cash flows from the London property portfolio (which are not
reflected in the KPI measure).
See KPIs pages 18 – 19.
26
Royal Mail plc In-year trading cash flow increased by £54 million to £311 million, despite an increase in total cash investment, explained below.
Adjusted EBITDA before transformation costs of £1,018 million increased due to the trading performance explained above. Trading working
capital movements were broadly flat.
Investment
(£m)
Growth capital expenditure
Replacement capital expenditure
Transformation operating expenditure
Total investment
Proceeds from disposal of property (excluding London property portfolio), plant and equipment and associate undertaking
Net investment
52 weeks
2015
52 weeks
2014
(178)
(252)
(228)
(658)
39
(619)
(201)
(215)
(201)
(617)
36
(581)
Total investment increased from £617 million to £658 million. Growth capital expenditure was mainly in relation to parcels projects, especially IT
to support barcoding, scanning and tracking, and GLS. The main replacement capital expenditure investments were in relation to vehicles,
property and IT projects. Transformation operating expenditure was predominantly in relation to voluntary redundancies. Proceeds from the
disposal of property (excluding London property portfolio), plant and equipment were £39 million giving a net investment of £619 million. Over
2013-14 and 2014-15 cumulative net cash investment was £1.2 billion as expected. Going forward cash investment, net of operating asset
disposals, is expected to be in the range £550-600 million per annum.
Tax payments of £37 million are broadly in line with the current income taxation charge of £39 million. Net finance costs paid of £18 million
reduced due to lower net debt and a lower cost of debt in the year.
Other working capital movements
(£m)
March 2015 payroll paid after balance sheet date of 29 March 2015
Stamps used but purchased in previous periods and other deferred revenue
Unwinding of pension prepayment made in March 2012
Total other working capital movements
52 weeks
2015
52 weeks
2014
46
(35)
–
11
–
(10)
150
140
Other working capital movements resulted in an £11 million inflow. There was a benefit of £46 million due to the timing of payroll payments in
respect of monthly paid staff, with the payment for the March 2015 payroll occurring after 29 March 2015. This timing benefit will not reverse
until 2018-19, with 12 monthly payroll payments in all years until then. This was offset by £35 million of stamps used in the year which had been
purchased in previous periods and other deferred revenue movements. In 2013-14, the movements largely related to a one-off benefit of
£150 million in respect of the March 2012 pension prepayment.
Net cash flows relating to the London property portfolio were £100 million and largely relate to the sale of the Paddington site in the year.
Net debt
Net debt decreased by £280 million to £275 million, mainly due to free cash flow generated, offset by dividend payments of £200 million.
In July 2014, Royal Mail issued €500 million 2.375% Senior Fixed Rate Notes due July 2024 with a fixed annual interest coupon of 2.375%.
The majority of the proceeds were used to repay £350 million of the existing syndicated bank loans. This increased the average maturity of the
Group’s drawn down loans and loan facilities.
In March 2015, the Group took advantage of favourable market conditions to negotiate amendments to its syndicated bank facility to convert the
remaining term loan into a revolving credit facility for greater flexibility. This had the effect of reducing the interest rates charged and extending
the maturity date to March 2020 with the option to extend for a further two years. This enabled the remaining £250 million of the existing
syndicated bank loans to be repaid on 9 March 2015, whilst maintaining the same level of facilities. The increased flexibility to pay down debt
when not being utilised reduces future net interest cost.
Dividends
The Board is recommending a final dividend of 14.3 pence per ordinary share, payable on 31 July 2015 to shareholders whose names appear
on the register of members on 3 July 2015, subject to shareholder approval at the AGM on 23 July 2015. This gives a total dividend for the year
of 21.0 pence, an increase of five per cent over the notional 2013-14 full year dividend of 20.0 pence.
27
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Financial review (continued)
Property
On 14 October 2014, the Company announced that contracts had been exchanged for the sale of the former Paddington Mail Centre site to Great
Western Developments Limited for £111 million in cash. Total net cash proceeds of the sale of £108 million were received on completion on
8 December 2014 and a profit on disposal of £106 million has been recorded as a non-operating specific item. We continue to market the site
at Nine Elms and to evaluate our options in relation to the site at Mount Pleasant. These larger sites will require further investment in order
to optimise value, which will be mainly met by the proceeds from the sale of the Paddington site.
Pensions
The IAS 19 pension position at 29 March 2015 was a surplus of £3,179 million, compared with a surplus of £2,068 million at 28 September 2014
and £1,723 million at 30 March 2014. The IAS 19 accounting position and key assumptions for the valuation are provided in note 8.
The process for the triennial valuation of the Royal Mail Pension Plan (RMPP) at 31 March 2015 has commenced and the outcome will be
announced in due course. If the assumptions used for the 2012 triennial valuation of RMPP and RMSEPP are rolled forward to 31 March 2015,
the combined actuarial surplus would be £1,793 million, compared with £1,585 million at 30 September 2014 and £1,422 million at 31 March
2014. It is this basis that the Pension Trustees and the Company use to assess the ongoing funding needs of these schemes. The increase in the
surplus was largely driven by the return on assets, in particular due to the increase in the market value of gilts and derivative assets that are
principally held to hedge inflation and interest rate risk. To support the Company's commitment that, subject to certain conditions, the RMPP will
remain open to defined benefit accrual until at least March 2018, the Trustee has hedged a large proportion of the interest and inflation exposure
on this expected future service benefit accrual. On an actuarial basis the amount of the surplus relating to the liabilities hedged in advance of
those accrued as at March 2015, was approximately £700 million. This element will unwind over time.
Under the 2012 triennial valuation of RMPP the Company agreed to pay ongoing cash contributions of 17.1 per cent of pensionable pay until
2018. At that time, this amounted to around £400 million per annum, and reflected the creation of an actuarial surplus of £1.6 billion as a result
of the Pensions Reform in 2013. Without this surplus the Company contributions required would have been around £700 million per annum.
Accordingly the surplus was expected to decline over time. Since then, market conditions for defined benefit schemes have worsened. However,
the position of RMPP has been protected to date by the hedging strategy explained above such that we continue to expect that the RMPP
actuarial surplus will reduce to neither a material surplus nor deficit by March 2018.
Financial risks and related hedging
The Group is exposed to commodity and currency price risk. The Group operates hedging policies which are described in the notes to the financial
statements.
The forecast diesel and jet commodity exposures in UKPIL are set out below together with the sensitivity of 2015-16 operating profit to changes
in commodity prices and fuel duty:
Forecast total
cost (based on
price at
29 March 2015)
£m
Less fuel duty
(incl.
irrecoverable
VAT) – not
hedged
£m
Underlying
commodity
exposure (incl.
irrecoverable
VAT)
£m
% of underlying
commodity
hedged
Residual
unhedged
underlying
commodity
exposure (incl.
irrecoverable
VAT)
£m
Impact on
2015- 16
operating profit
of a 10%
increase in
commodity price
£m
Impact on
2015- 16
operating profit
of a 10%
increase in fuel
duty
£m
161
10
171
94
–
94
67
10
77
86
100
87
10
–
10
(1)
–
(1)
(9)
n/a
(9)
2015- 16 Exposure
Diesel
Jet
Total
As a result of a reduction in the effective (after hedging impact) underlying diesel commodity costs for 2015-16, it is anticipated that the cost
will be reduced by £6 million, but without hedging this variance would have been £25 million (based upon closing fuel prices at 29 March 2015).
Due to the policy of hedging in advance, the current low oil price will result in an anticipated lower effective diesel commodity cost in the future.
The UKPIL and Other business units' functional currency is Sterling, whilst GLS' functional currency is the Euro. Therefore the translational
exposure to the Group's operating profit relates to GLS' profits.
In 2014-15, the average exchange rate between Sterling and the Euro was £1=€1.27, a seven per cent strengthening in Sterling compared with
£1=€1.19 in 2013-14, which resulted in a £7 million reduction in GLS' reported operating profits. At the consolidated Group earnings level, GLS'
operating profits are largely offset by costs denominated in Euros (for instance payments in Euros in relation to interest and taxes and to
overseas postal operators by UKPIL) such that a 10 per cent weakening of Sterling relative to the Euro/other European currencies does not have
a material impact.
The Group manages its interest rate risk through a combination of fixed rate loans and leasing, floating rate loans/facilities and floating rate
financial investments. At 29 March 2015, all of the gross debt of £638 million was at fixed rate to maturity.
Counterparty risk is managed by limiting aggregate exposure to any individual counterparty based on their financial strength.
28
Royal Mail plc Underlying change
The financial review, unless otherwise indicated, focuses on the adjusted results (including discontinued operations) and on movements in revenue,
costs, profits and margins on an underlying basis. Underlying movements take into account differences in working days in UKPIL and movements
in foreign exchange in GLS. In addition, adjustments are made for non-recurring or distorting items, which by their nature may be unpredictable.
For the full year, we have made adjustments for the £28 million one-off bonus paid to staff in the second half of 2013-14 and the movement in
provisions in respect of the management reorganisation programme (MRP) of £110 million (£104 million provision in 2013-14 and a £6 million
release in 2014-15). For volumes, underlying movements are adjusted for working days in UKPIL (2013-14 304.8; 2014-15 304), and exclude
elections in letters volumes. Due to the expected flow of traffic over holiday periods in 2015-16, we estimate that the impact of working days in
UKPIL will be around £25 million (2015-16 303 working days). See table below and overleaf for a reconciliation for underlying movements.
Reconciliation for underlying movements
(£m)
Revenue
Group
UKPIL
GLS
Costs
Group
People
Distribution and conveyance costs
Infrastructure costs
Other operating costs
Non-people costs
Operating costs before transformation costs
UKPIL
People
Distribution and conveyance costs
Infrastructure costs
Other operating costs
Non-people costs
Operating costs before transformation costs
GLS
Operating costs
Adjusted
52 weeks
2014
VAT
credit
(UKPIL)
One-off
bonus
(UKPIL)
MRP
provision
(UKPIL)
Working
days
(UKPIL)
Foreign
exchange
(GLS)
Underlying
comparator
Year-on-
year
underlying
change
9,456
7,787
1,651
(5,224)
(1,869)
(1,051)
(583)
(3,503)
(8,727)
(4,760)
(855)
(946)
(618)
(2,419)
(7,179)
-
-
-
(2)
(13)
(12)
(3)
(28)
(30)
(2)
(13)
(12)
(3)
(28)
(30)
(1,543)
-
-
-
-
28
-
-
-
-
28
28
-
-
-
-
28
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
(20)
(20)
-
(111)
-
(111)
9,325
7,767
1,540
25
68
7
4
79
104
-
-
-
-
-
-
(5,173)
(1,814)
(1,056)
(582)
(3,452)
(8,625)
(4,734)
(868)
(958)
(621)
(2,447)
(7,181)
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1%
Flat
7%
1%
1%
(3%)
(1%)
Flat
1%
1%
(5%)
(4%)
(1%)
(4%)
(1%)
104
(1,439)
7%
29
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Financial review (continued)
Reconciliation for underlying movements (continued)
(£m)
Profit, margins and EPS
Group
Operating profit before transformation costs
Margin
Transformation costs
Operating profit after transformation costs
Margin
Profit before tax
Tax
Profit for the period
Profit attributable to the Group
Earnings per share
UKPIL
Operating profit before transformation costs
Margin
Transformation costs
Operating profit after transformation costs
Margin
GLS
Operating profit
Margin
Adjusted
52 weeks
2014
VAT
credit
(UKPIL)
One-off
bonus
(UKPIL)
MRP
provision
(UKPIL)
Working
days
(UKPIL)
Foreign
exchange
(GLS)
Underlying
comparator
729
7.7%
(241)
488
5.2%
421
(110)
311
308
30.8p
608
7.8%
(241)
367
4.7%
108
6.5%
(30)
-
(30)
(30)
(30)
-
(30)
-
28
-
28
28
28
-
28
-
-
110
110
110
-
110
110
(20)
-
(20)
(20)
(20)
-
(20)
(7)
-
(7)
(7)
-
-
-
-
-
(7)
700
7.5%
(131)
569
6.1%
502
(131)
371
368
36.8p
586
7.5%
(131)
455
5.9%
101
6.5%
Year-on-
year
underlying
change
6%
40 bps
5%
20 bps
5%
40 bps
3%
20 bps
14%
50 bps
Events after the reporting period
On 31 March 2015, after the financial year end, GLS Germany disposed of its wholly-owned subsidiary, DPD Systemlogistik GmbH & Co KG
(DPD SL) to DPD GeoPost (Deutschland) GmbH. The disposal resulted in a post-tax profit of around €40 million (£29 million), which will be
reflected as a specific item in the Group’s 2015-16 financial statements.
Matthew Lester
Chief Finance Officer
20 May 2015
30
Royal Mail plc Business risks
The Governance section describes in detail how the Group manages its risk from the Group Board level, its respective sub-committees and
through the organisation. Further details can be found on pages 43 – 63.
The table below details the principal business risks, their current status and how the Group mitigates these risks. The status includes our
assessment of whether the risk is increasing (h), decreasing (i) or stable (n). The alignment to strategy indicates those aspects of the business
strategy that would be impacted by the risk, were it to materialise.
Principal risk
Status
How we are mitigating the risk
Alignment to
strategy
Changes in market conditions and customer behaviour
The letters and parcels markets are
increasingly competitive, customers continue
to demand more and our competitors are
responding quickly to these changing demands:
Customer behaviour and Royal Mail’s
responsiveness to market changes relative
to that of competitors
Changes in customer behaviour, and changes
to the markets in which the Group sells its
products and services, could impact our
forecasts for letter and parcel volumes.
There is a risk that our product offerings and
customer experience may not adequately
meet evolving customer needs, or that we are
unable to innovate or adapt our commercial
and operational activities quickly enough to
respond to changes in the market.
Economic environment
Historically there has been a correlation
between economic conditions and the level
of parcel and letter volumes. Flat or adverse
economic conditions could impact our ability to
maintain and grow revenue, by either reducing
volumes or encouraging customers to adopt
cheaper service options for sending letters
and parcels.
h
A number of carriers are
expanding their operations.
Additional market capacity
increases downward price
pressure.
At the same time, customers
increasingly demand faster,
more flexible and responsive
services, with high reliability.
There is a continuing
requirement to invest in
growth and innovation to
meet these challenges in the
marketplace.
h
Economic conditions in the
UK improved over the year.
The recovery in Europe
remains fragile. Low growth
or recession in Europe could
impact our international parcel
volumes, including those
handled by GLS.
• We use continuous in-depth market
monitoring and research to track how well
we match our customers’ needs, including
relative to our competitors.
• We have implemented a range of products
and service enhancements at pace.
• Further initiatives will provide service
enhancements, including additional
tracking capability and delivery solutions,
and enhancing customers’ online
experience.
• Our Mailmen campaign is promoting the
value of marketing mail.
• We have a robust modelling and
forecasting framework that uses a range
of quantitative and qualitative approaches
to provide early warnings of changes to
overall volumes and the profile of letter
and parcel volumes, and to assess the
effect of our pricing structures.
We continually review and upgrade
these models.
• We have taken short-term actions, and
are developing longer-term responses
to control costs.
Strategic links key
Being a successful parcels business
Managing the decline in letters
Being customer focused
31
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Business risks (continued)
Principal risk
Status
How we are mitigating the risk
Alignment to
strategy
Business transformation
Royal Mail must continuously become more
efficient and flexible in order to compete
effectively in the letters and parcels markets:
Efficiency
The success of our strategy relies on the
effective control of costs and the delivery
of efficiency benefits.
n
We continue to make
efficiency improvements. Our
productivity improvement is
within our target range.
However, Ofcom has
announced a review of what is
a reasonable rate of efficiency
improvement for Royal Mail.
It may make unfavourable
changes to the regulatory
framework to incentivise
further efficiency.
• We have agreed with the CWU a
programme to enable better alignment
of resourcing and workload.
• Our Together for Growth programme,
supported by a joint mediation process,
facilitates a collaborative approach to
improving efficiency at a local level.
• A task force will address attendance
issues, with a particular focus on
long-term employee absence.
• A cost-conscious regime is in place
to understand cost drivers better and
further develop and embed cost-
consciousness, and impose rigorous
control over discretionary spend.
Attracting and retaining senior
management and key personnel
Our performance, operating results and future
growth depend on our ability to attract and
retain talent with the appropriate level
of expertise.
n
Turnover in senior and key
personnel has been at normal
levels for the business during
the year, but this remains an
inherent business risk.
IT transformation
The scale and complexity of the IT
transformation programme and the ongoing
requirement for effective management of
the transition are sources of risk to its
successful delivery.
Failure to improve our IT systems or
successfully implement the IT transformation
programme would increase the risk of: security
breaches and attacks; a material adverse effect
on the Group’s operations; and IT systems
being unable to support the business plan.
h
The transformation
programme will continue to
run at its peak throughout the
next financial year, moving
from one service provider to a
diversified supplier model. This
impacts all of our core systems.
At the same time, we have
projects running in parallel
to give customers a higher
standard of service using more
sophisticated technology.
• The Group’s remuneration policy sets out
that the overall remuneration package
should be sufficiently competitive to
attract, retain and motivate executives
with the commercial experience to run
a large, complex business in a highly
challenging context.
• We operate a succession planning process
and have in place a talent identification
and development programme.
• The IT transformation programme has a
stretching target completion date that will
minimise the risk of operating outdated
legacy systems.
• We have strengthened standard
programme management and governance
disciplines to provide intensive focus on
key aspects of the programme, such as
managing interdependencies with other
programmes and implementing the
transition.
• Our Internal Audit department provides
independent assurance about the
programme delivery.
32
Royal Mail plc
Principal risk
Status
How we are mitigating the risk
Alignment to
strategy
Regulatory and legislative environment
The business operates in a regulated
environment. Changes in legal and regulatory
requirements could impact our ability to meet
our targets and goals:
Sustainability of the Universal Service
Obligation (USO)
In our liberalised postal market, other
operators are able to offer direct delivery
services by cherry-picking easy-to-serve
urban areas, without having to adhere to the
same high delivery requirements and quality
standards as Royal Mail.
The combination of mandated access1,
uncertainty about access price proposals and
the rollout of direct delivery, and structural
decline in letters, poses a serious risk to the
Group’s future ability to earn revenue
necessary to ensure the sustainable
provision of the USO.
• We are engaging with stakeholders,
including politicians, economists and
academics, about the threats to the
financial sustainability of the Universal
Service. The Commons Business
Innovation and Skills Committee has
published a report calling for Ofcom
to take steps to ensure the Universal
Service can be protected.
• We have also submitted a detailed
response to Ofcom’s proposals under
the Access Pricing Review, setting
out our view that the proposals are
disproportionate.
n
During 2014, we made
a submission to Ofcom,
requesting that it brought
forward a full review of the
impact of direct delivery on
the Universal Service.
However, in December 2014,
Ofcom decided that there were
no grounds for regulatory
intervention at this time.
This may lead to further
direct delivery expansion
in the future.
Whistl, a subsidiary of PostNL,
has expanded its direct
delivery operation into several
urban areas across the UK.
On 11 May 2015, Whistl
announced that it had
commenced an extensive
review of the viability and
potential for the rollout of an
end-to-end postal delivery
service in the UK. Its current
end-to-end service is
suspended during the
review process.
Ofcom also announced in
December 2014 that it would
be carrying out a review of
the regulatory rules that apply
to Royal Mail’s access prices
(Access Pricing Review).
Ofcom’s proposals represent
a more restrictive regime that
would prevent Royal Mail from
responding to competition,
putting the financial
sustainability of the Universal
Service at risk.
We proposed certain changes
to our access contracts in
January 2014. Some of these
proposals are the subject of a
Competition Act investigation
by Ofcom. They were
suspended, never implemented
and have now been withdrawn.
1 Royal Mail is obligated to provide access to its inward mail centres by our Regulator, Ofcom. This means that competitors to Royal Mail can collect and sort mail posted by businesses
and hand it to Royal Mail for final mile delivery
33
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Business risks (continued)
Principal risk
VAT status
Royal Mail is currently exempt from Value
Added Tax (VAT) in a number of areas, in which
this status is under threat:
• HMRC’s implementation of VAT legislation
on mandated access services has been
subject to a judicial review;
• The European Commission is reviewing VAT
exemptions more generally, and postal
services fall within the scope of that review;
• The EU has published a proposal for a
‘Vouchers Directive’; as currently drafted,
this would alter the VAT treatment of
postage stamps.
Although Royal Mail could benefit from greater
recoverability of VAT on costs if the VAT
exemption for USO and access services was
removed, the cost to customers who cannot
reclaim VAT would be increased, making us
less competitive.
Employment legislation
Changes to laws and regulations relating to
employment (including the interpretation and
enforcement of those laws and regulations)
could, directly or indirectly, increase the
Group’s labour costs, which, given the size of
the Group’s workforce, could have an adverse
effect on the Group.
Alignment to
strategy
How we are mitigating the risk
• We will continue to support HMRC, as
required, in defending its implementation
of VAT legislation in respect of access
services.
• We have established a direct link with the
European Commission and continue to
lobby more widely in relation to both the
Vouchers Directive and the VAT status
of postal services.
• We liaise with HM Treasury to seek to
minimise the impact of the proposed
Vouchers Directive.
• We are closely monitoring developments
in the case law in this area and are in
discussions with our recognised unions
as to how to deal with this issue. We hope
to take a collaborative approach once the
case law becomes clearer.
• Based on our estimates of the potential
financial impact, we believe that we have
made sufficient provision for any historic
liabilities that may arise.
Status
h
The judicial review found that
HMRC has correctly
implemented VAT legislation
and the services should remain
exempt from VAT. However, the
plaintiff in the case has been
granted leave to appeal the
decision, and we may not
have a definitive resolution
until 2016.
The European Commission has
published details of responses
to its consultation about the
future of VAT exemptions, but
has not progressed the matter
further. There has been no
indication of the likely outcome
or timescale of the exercise.
The proposed Vouchers
Directive remains under
discussion in Brussels.
h
The Employment Appeals
Tribunal has ruled that, in
excluding regular overtime
from holiday pay calculations,
the Government has
misinterpreted the Working
Time Directive since 1998.
Whilst this decision appears to
have crystallised the risk of
having to include overtime in
the calculation of holiday pay,
the position is still unclear as
to how to calculate the
appropriate payments and
exactly who should receive
such payments. The case law
is still evolving in this area.
34
Royal Mail plc Principal risk
Pension risk
The Group continues to operate a defined
benefit pension scheme, the Royal Mail Pension
Plan, open to accrual for existing members.
Affordability of the Royal Mail Pension
Plan
The actuarial cost of providing an additional
year’s benefit was around £700 million based
on the Plan’s March 2012 actuarial valuation.
In recognition of the surplus that was created
by Pensions Reform in September 2013, the
Group was able to maintain its cash
contribution at around £400 million a year.
As part of Pensions Reform, the Group
committed, subject to conditions, to keep the
Plan open without further amendment until at
least March 2018.
Changes in financial market conditions, or
demographic or other factors may impact our
continued ability to fund this commitment.
Status
How we are mitigating the risk
Alignment to
strategy
• The RMPP Trustee is continuing to hedge
future interest rate and inflation rate
exposure, to reduce the risk that the
Group’s commitment to March 2018
cannot be met.
• We are engaging with the CWU and Unite/
CMA on the emerging issues and potential
courses of action.
h
The first review of our
commitment, which will be
carried out in conjunction with
the unions, will be completed
by March 2018.
A large proportion of the Plan’s
future interest rate and inflation
rate exposure has been hedged
and we expect there to be
neither a material surplus nor
deficit at March 2018.
However, gilt yields have
continued to fall, creating a
risk to the affordability of the
Plan after that date.
In addition, under the 2012
actuarial valuation the
Company is required to pay
additional contributions of up
to £50 million a year from April
2016 if the Trustee considers
these necessary to maintain
the Plan's projected funding
position in March 2019.
This requirement will be
reviewed as part of the Plan's
March 2015 actuarial
valuation. The valuation
process has commenced, and
the outcome will be announced
in due course.
Industrial relations
There is extensive trade union recognition
in respect of our workforce in the UK:
Industrial action
There is a risk that one or more material
disagreements or disputes between the Group
and its trade unions could result in widespread
localised or national industrial action.
Widespread localised or national industrial
action would cause material disruption to our
business in the UK and would be likely to result
in an immediate and potentially ongoing
significant loss of revenue for the Group. It may
also cause Royal Mail to fail to meet the Quality
of Service targets prescribed by Ofcom, leading
to enforcement action and fines.
n
The current pay deal runs until
2015-16 and is rooted in the
Agenda for Growth agreement
developed jointly with the CWU.
The agreement represents a
fundamental change in our
relationship with the CWU,
and promotes stability in
industrial relations.
However, the increasingly
competitive environment
and the need for change will
challenge Royal Mail and its
trade unions to find effective
solutions without recourse to
industrial action.
• We have agreed and implemented with
the CWU a Joint Statement on Growth,
Efficiency and Incentives, enabling
collaborative improvements in operational
efficiency.
• The Joint Statement is supported by our
Together for Growth training programme,
an industrial relations and business skills
package for managers and CWU
representatives.
• We have established a process that uses
trained mediators nominated by and
representing both the CWU and the
business, for resolution of local disputes.
35
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Corporate Responsibility
4.5 stars
out of five in BITC’s Corporate
Responsibility Index – UK’s
leading benchmark for
corporate responsibility
84 per cent
of people in the UK think Royal
Mail is an important part of
local communities
Ipsos MORI, 2014
10 per cent
reduction in our lost time
accident frequency rate since
last year
Responsibility leader
1st
2015 Dow Jones Sustainability
Index leader (transportation and
transportation infrastructure
industry)
Our performance
Champion
Corporate National
Partnership Champion,
Charity Times Awards
(with Prostate Cancer UK)
1st
delivery business awarded triple
certification to the Carbon Trust
Standard for carbon, water
and waste
36
Royal Mail plc Our corporate responsibility strategy is an integral part of realising our core strategic
priorities. The objectives at the heart of our business and corporate responsibility
strategies are the same – to generate sustainable shareholder value and to ensure
a sound and sustainable Universal Service.
The links between our corporate responsibility objectives and our core strategic priorities are
shown in the table below.
Corporate responsibility objective
Delivering economic and social benefit
to the communities we serve
Driving colleague advocacy of the Group
and its community role
Managing the environmental impacts of
our business and operations
Delivering our transformation responsibly
Communicating our management of corporate
responsibilities openly and transparently
Being a
successful
parcels
business
Managing
the decline
in letters
Being
customer
focused
ü
ü
ü
ü
ü
ü
ü
ü
ü
ü
ü
ü
We report progress against our corporate
responsibility objectives under the areas of
Customer; People; Community; Suppliers
and Environment.
Measuring our progress
We have been named global leader for 2015
in our industry in the Dow Jones Sustainability
Indices. We achieved the top ranking in both
the Dow Jones Sustainability World Index and
Dow Jones Sustainability Europe Index, ahead
of around 100 other organisations in marine,
rail, trucking, freight forwarding and logistics
businesses. The ranking follows our first
ever submission to the index as a publicly
listed company.
Business in the Community’s Corporate
Responsibility Index is another good way of
measuring our performance. In the 2015
Index, Royal Mail was ranked one of the
most responsible companies in the UK after
scoring 98 per cent in its assessment.
We were awarded a rating of 4.5 stars
out of a possible five.
Our customers
Being customer focused is one of our three
strategic priorities (see page 16). We are
innovating to meet their needs. We are also
focusing on improving our efficiency.
In October 2014, we introduced a new,
extended size for our Small Parcel format,
enabling both consumers and SME customers
to fit more and larger items into the parcels
they send. We marked the launch of the new
Small Parcel sizing with a Christmas
promotion – allowing customers to send
Second Class parcels up to 2kg for the price
of up to 1kg. In February 2015, we announced
that we had decided to embed this price into
our 2014-15 price changes. This means that
there continues to be a single price for Second
Class parcels weighing up to 2kg and this
remains unchanged at £2.80.
Delivering when we say we will is a key
component of our service standards.
In 2014-15, we recorded a reduction in
customer complaints from 465,5001 to
445,500. For the first time in four years,
customer complaints reduced across all four
of the key areas we measure – redirections;
redelivery; misdelivery; and ‘Something for
You’ cards.
See KPIs pages 18 – 19.
After our customers, our employees are best
placed to evaluate how customer focused our
products and services really are. We use our
annual Employee Survey to gauge what they
think about key aspects of the customer
experience. This year, we again achieved a
customer focus score of 69.
See KPIs pages 18 – 19.
Our people
Employee engagement is one of the key
drivers in our business success. Our Employee
Survey helps us identify the areas where we
are doing well and those we need to improve.
This year, we achieved an improved employee
engagement score of 56, up from 54 in
2013-14.
See KPIs pages 18 – 19.
Engaged employees are essential for the
customer focused culture that we are building
at Royal Mail. Engagement is one of the three
people-related KPIs on our Corporate
Balanced Scorecard.
Building a dialogue through our internal
communication channels is a vital aspect
of our strategy.
During 2014-15 we undertook the following
initiatives:
• Continued our ‘Town Hall’ programme,
conducting almost 40 meetings addressing
thousands of colleagues;
• Held approximately 350 on-site
engagement sessions to brief frontline
colleagues; and
• Brought together approximately 3,000
operations managers and union
representatives at our annual Operations
Conference.
As part of our ground-breaking Agenda for
Growth agreement with the CWU, we have
launched 60 initiatives. In November 2014,
we completed training 10 mediators, selected
from amongst our employees. Our Agenda
for Growth agreement was awarded Best
Employee Relations Initiative for 2014 by the
Chartered Institute of Personnel Development.
1 Total number of complaints for 2013-14 has been restated from 458,739 to 465,461 to include 6,722 complaints from Stamps and Collectibles
37
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Corporate Responsibility (continued)
Training and career development
Ensuring our people have the skills they need
to do the job is fundamental to the success
of the business. In 2014-15, almost 54,0002
colleagues attended instructor-led training
in the UK, with over 40,5002 colleagues
attending web-based training sessions. Key
programmes include the Customer and You
programme, aimed at developing skills to
improve the customer experience, and the
Management Acceleration Programme,
developed with Oxford University’s Saïd
Business School, to support effective
management and leadership.
During 2014-15, we recruited 844 workplace
coaches to support the development of our
people in role. This brings the total number
of workplace coaches across the business
to 2,553. Our aim is to eventually have one
workplace coach for every 25 employees.
We are also deploying advanced driver
coaching to help reduce the risk of accidents,
reduce our fuel consumption and reduce
wear and tear of our vehicles.
In Germany, GLS runs a dual degree
programme for students at Technische
Hochschule Mittelhessen – University of
Applied Sciences. Students are able to apply
their academic training working at GLS whilst
studying for their degree. Similarly, GLS
employees are offered the opportunity to
study business administration at the same
university; and senior managers participate
in the Management Development Programme,
aimed at enhancing their leadership skills.
Promoting diversity
Royal Mail employs a diverse mix of people
that reflects the communities we serve. We
are committed to being an equal opportunities
employer and we proactively seek to recruit
people from socially excluded groups. It is
our policy to provide opportunities for our
employees based on an individual’s
performance and skills, with no discrimination
against protected characteristics3.
We made significant progress in 2014-15
under the direction of our new Diversity
Council. Gender diversity has been a strength
of Royal Mail’s diversity programme. We were
named as one of The Times Top 50 Employers
for Women again in 2015. At our Board and
senior management grades, we have relatively
high gender diversity (see adjacent table).
At Board level, 33 per cent of members are
female. On average, FTSE 100 companies
have 23.54 per cent female representation
on their boards.
Our Board Diversity Policy is set out in the
Corporate Governance section.
At senior management level, 29 per cent
of employees are female, compared to
14 per cent in operational functions. We are
committed to improving the gender balance
across all areas of the business.
Royal Mail’s ethnic profile is broadly
representative of the UK population5.
Around 10 per cent of our employees
declare themselves to be from ethnic minority
backgrounds. We work with Business in the
Community’s (BITC) Opportunity Now and
Race for Opportunity programmes, which
promote best practice in equal opportunities.
As a Disability ‘Two Ticks’ employer, Royal Mail
welcomes job applications from candidates
with a disability or health condition. Our
recruitment processes seek to ensure a fair
approach for people with disabilities and
we interview all disabled applicants who meet
the minimum criteria for a role. We make
reasonable adjustments to the workplace to
support employees who become disabled. We
also provide training as required, for example
in assistive technology and software.
We deliver deaf awareness training
workshops for hearing impaired employees,
their colleagues and managers. We also focus
on ensuring those with disabilities are not
discriminated against through the provision of
anti-discrimination workshops. Approximately
six per cent of our employees have a disability.
We are a member of Stonewall’s Diversity
Champions programme, which campaigns for
equality for lesbian, gay, bisexual and
transgender (LGBT) people. We took steps
to better understand the needs of our LGBT
employees in 2015 by establishing an LGBT
and Friends steering group. We also piloted
a voluntary declaration in our Employee
Survey. At the end of the reporting period,
the Diversity Council also established a BAME
(Black, Asian and Minority Ethnic) Steering
Group and a Disability Steering Group to
drive its work in these areas of our
diversity strategy.
Safety
The safety and wellbeing of our workforce is
an enduring priority for us. Our safety goal is
to reduce the number of accidents to zero, a
commitment driven throughout the business
by a specific safety KPI in our Corporate
Balanced Scorecard.
Lost time accidents per
100,000 work hours
1.79
1.47
1.17
0.77
0.67
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
We continue to make progress driving down
accident rates. We achieved a Lost Time
Accident Frequency Rate of 0.67 in 2014-15
(compared with 0.77 in 2013-14).
See KPIs pages 18 – 19.
We were concerned when an increase in
absence was recorded due to sickness during
the early part of 2014-15, and that there
was a particular rise in cases of long-term
sickness. We have set up a taskforce to work
across the business and have also rolled out
a new case management programme to
support employees unable to work as a
result of mental health and musculoskeletal
problems – two of the major causes of
long-term sickness at Royal Mail.
We strive to improve our safety performance
in everything we do. It is with great regret that
we report four people died in connection with
our activities in the UK in the past year. At the
time of writing, three of these were found not
to be attributable to Royal Mail undertakings.
Gender distribution (number of people)
Royal Mail plc Board
Senior Management
Management
Administration
Operational
UKPIL
Male
Female
6
1,646
5,896
1,085
111,716
36
2,910
1,802
Female
3
664
1,509
1,566
18,810
GLS
Male
251
2,308
7,102
2 This represents the number of attendees. Actual number of colleagues may be lower as one person may have attended multiple training sessions
3 Race, colour, ethnic or national origin, nationality, disability, marital or civil partner status, sexual orientation, pregnancy or maternity, age, religion or belief (including political opinion
in Northern Ireland), sex and gender reassignment
4 The female FTSE Board Report 2015, Cranfield University School of Management
5 2011 Census data
38
Royal Mail plc
We liaise closely with the relevant authorities
and undertake our own detailed investigations
to establish the root cause of each accident
and, where possible, to determine what
lessons can be learned. Findings are discussed
at Board level and communicated across
the Group.
Our communities
In 2014-15, Royal Mail contributed
£7.6 million6 directly to charities, good
causes and schemes for disadvantaged
groups. We also supported £533,000 of
colleague fundraising for charities and good
causes across the UK. In addition, our people
donated £2.5 million to hundreds of charities
and good causes through our award-winning
payroll giving programme.
During the year, Royal Mail provided
£483,000 in matched giving and grants
schemes to support employees’ fundraising
for charities and good causes.
Our two-year partnership with Prostate
Cancer UK ended during the reporting
period. We raised £2.34 million for the
charity, including matched giving. This
funded positions for 36 specialist prostate
cancer nurses. We won the Charity Times
‘Corporate National Partnership Champion’
award for 2014. We also raised over
£200,000 for our runner-up charities,
Alzheimer’s Society and Whizz-Kidz.
In September 2014 we launched a new
partnership with the Stroke Association.
We hope to raise £2 million for the charity
to fund Life After Stroke grants for up to
10,000 stroke survivors.
GLS uses its services to support good causes
across Europe. During the run-up to
Christmas, GLS Ireland transported presents
for children to Barnardo’s centres, free of
charge. In Germany, GLS transports
information brochures for the breast cancer
charity, Brustkrebs e.V., helping the charity
to reduce its costs substantially.
Our suppliers
In the UK we contribute around £2.5 billion
annually procuring goods and services from
around 5,500 suppliers.
We are committed to ensuring that our
suppliers maintain high standards of social,
ethical and environmental conduct. We expect
suppliers to adhere to our Responsible
Procurement Code of Conduct. Our Code
is based on the UN Global Compact’s 10
principles around good human rights, labour
and environmental practice, and anti-
corruption. In addition, we encourage them
to set objectives to improve their performance
in social, environmental and ethical issues.
Case study
Eyes and ears in the hunt for missing people
In November 2014, we launched a partnership with the
charity Missing People, that puts postmen and women
at the forefront of the search for high risk vulnerable
adults and children in the UK.
We distribute the charity’s missing people alerts
through our network of handheld scanners, which are
usually used to track and sign for deliveries. These
reach 124,000 of our people involved in collection,
processing and delivery of letters and parcels.
We target messages to specific geographic areas to
ensure we reach postmen and women on the most
relevant collection and delivery routes. When the scope
of the search for a missing person goes national, we
broadcast alerts across our entire network, leveraging
our full scale to support efforts to find them.
This is the first time that an organisation has made its
full range of business communication channels available
to support the charity’s efforts. The launch of our
partnership was picked up by numerous national and
local print and broadcast media outlets, reaching an
estimated 18 million people.
In 2014-15, we developed a new procurement
standard to ensure the agencies who provide
us with temporary employees meet our
standards on diversity. We are working closely
with Peugeot to develop prototypes for
delivery vans with improved safety, security
and fuel efficiency. In addition, during the
year we updated our governance process
so that contracts with critical social and
environmental risks are subject to
Board approval.
We remain one of few companies globally to
hold the Chartered Institute of Purchasing and
Supply’s Platinum Standard for procurement
and supply chain management.
Ethical principles are also embedded in the
Partner Code used by GLS Germany. These
require suppliers working with GLS in the
distribution of parcels to adhere to principles
relating to anti-bribery and corruption and
health and safety.
Our environment
We aim to minimise the environmental impact
of our business operations. Managing and
reducing our impact in a responsible manner
will help us save costs, compete more effectively
and deliver a good service to our customers.
In 2014, Royal Mail became the first delivery
business to be awarded triple certification to
the Carbon Trust Standard for carbon, water
and waste. This recognises our achievements
in managing and reducing our impacts.
During 2014-15, we took steps to
integrate environment management into
our Group-wide Safety, Health and Wellbeing
Management System. This provides a
co-ordinated framework and structure to raise
the profile of environmental management and
help drive our programme forward.
Our Environment Policy Statement overleaf
sets out our approach to environmental issues
in our operations. A full version of the Policy
can be accessed online at:
www.royalmailgroup.com/responsibility/
policies
39
6 Includes our mandated commitments to Articles for the Blind and BPMA totalling £4.4 million
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Corporate Responsibility (continued)
The table below sets out our Group Scope 1
and Scope 2 carbon dioxide equivalent (C02e)
emissions for 2014-15. Our target is to achieve
a 20 per cent reduction in our UKPIL emissions
(including Scopes 1, 2 and 3) by 2020-21,
compared to a 2004–05 baseline. In 2014-15
our total UK carbon footprint increased by
3.3 per cent7 compared to the previous year.
On a normalised basis, emissions rose by
3.6 per cent per £1 million revenue. Compared
with our baseline, emissions are down by
16 per cent. We believe we are on track to
achieve our long-term target. We diverted 78
per cent of waste from landfill last year,
surpassing our 2014-15 target of 70 per cent.
We also recorded a reduction of one per cent
in our use of water during the year.
In GLS, environmental management and
performance is driven through its ThinkGreen
initiative. The programme has three key aims:
to use resources responsibly; reduce
emissions; and optimise waste management.
Key initiatives to help GLS achieve these
objectives include: modernising the fleet and
buildings, optimising transport planning and
implementing local green measures.
2014-15 CO2e Emissions by Scope (’000 tonnes)8,9
Scope 110
Scope 2
Total
Tonnes CO2e per £1m revenue
Our Taxation Principles
Our Environment Policy Statement
We commit to:
• Comply with all relevant legislation,
regulations and other voluntary
commitments;
• Prevent pollution incidents and manage
our environmental impacts through an
environmental management system
which aligns with ISO14001;
• Seek ways to continue to improve our
environmental performance through
clear measurement and management
of our impacts, investment in technology
and employee engagement. This will be
delivered in partnership with Royal Mail
Group’s comprehensive programme for
continuous improvement;
• Ensure our employees are fully engaged
with our programme of activity and act
in a responsible manner; and
• Work with Government, industry
partners, environmental organisations
and others to learn, share and promote
environmental best practice and
innovation.
Human rights
We are committed to upholding human rights
both internally and externally to the business.
We commit to obeying the laws, rules and
regulations of every country in which we
operate. In addition, we respect and support
the United Nations Universal Declaration of
Human Rights and the International Labour
Organization Fundamental Conventions,
covering freedom of association, the abolition
of forced labour, equality and the elimination
of child labour. Our commitments and
expectations – both for ourselves and for
our suppliers – are set out in our Corporate
Responsibility Policy and our Responsible
Procurement Code of Conduct
(www.royalmailgroup.com/responsibility/
policies). During 2015-16 we plan to
undertake a review of our business against
the UN Guiding Principles on Business and
Human Rights.
This Strategic report was approved by the
Board on 20 May 2015.
Total
500.5
166.4
666.9
70.8
UKPIL
487.5
145.4
632.9
GLS
13.0
21.0
34.0
Emily Pang
Company Secretary
Royal Mail has adopted the following set of tax principles. This is our published tax code of
conduct which the whole of the international Group will adhere to.
• Royal Mail’s head office is in the UK and
our parent company is and will remain
a UK tax resident company.
• Royal Mail is committed to complying
with all applicable tax laws.
• Royal Mail will make decisions in
relation to tax giving due regard to its
reputation, integrity and status as a
Group whose shares are listed on the
London Stock Exchange.
• Royal Mail will, where it is responsible
and appropriate to do so, take steps to
reduce its tax liabilities within the laws
of the countries in which Group
companies operate. It will claim
properly available allowances,
deductions, reliefs, incentives,
exemptions and credits where it
is beneficial to do so.
• Royal Mail has a low risk appetite
in relation to tax matters.
• Royal Mail is committed to ensuring that
stakeholders are able to understand the
important elements of Royal Mail’s tax
position and that the information it
provides is full, fair and accurate.
7 2013-14 data has been restated from c. 705,200 to c. 709,500 to include electricity losses associated with rail electricity losses
8 We quantify and report our organisational greenhouse gas emissions according to the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs Environmental Reporting Guidelines 2013 and
have utilised the UK Government 2014 Conversion Factors for Company Reporting in order to calculate CO2 equivalent emissions from corresponding activity data. We have reported all
material Scope 1 and Scope 2 emissions for which we consider ourselves responsible and exclude immaterial sources, such as fugitive emissions from air conditioning in owned vehicles
9 CO2e emissions have been assured by EY
10 Natural gas data has been estimated for seven months this year, due to billing problems at British Gas
40
Royal Mail plc Chairman’s introduction
to Corporate Governance
Donald Brydon, CBE
Chairman
Index
Chairman’s Introduction
Board of Directors
Statement of Corporate Governance
Audit and Risk Committee report
Nomination Committee report
Pensions Committee report
Remuneration Committee
Other Committees
Chief Executive’s Committee
Directors’ Report
Directors’ remuneration report
Page
41
43
47
50
54
56
57
57
58
60
64
Compliance with the UK Corporate
Governance Code (the Code) and its
statement requirements
The following sections explain how the
Company applies the main principles set
out in the UK Corporate Governance Code,
September 2012 issued by the Financial
Reporting Council (FRC), as required by
the Listing Rules of the Financial Conduct
Authority (FCA) and how it meets other
relevant requirements including provisions
of the Disclosure and Transparency Rules
of the FCA. Both Codes are publicly
available at the website of the FRC
(www.frc.org.uk).
The Board considers that the Company
complied with the full provisions of the
Code during the year.
The FRC updated the UK Corporate
Governance Code in September 2014.
The 2014 Code applies to reporting
periods beginning on or after 1 October
2014. This means the changes will apply
for the Company with effect from April
2015 for annual reporting in 2015-16.
Chairman’s introduction
Dear Shareholder,
The Board of the Company is committed to
ensuring that it provides effective leadership
and promotes uncompromising ethical
standards. One of the ways in which the
Board achieves this is by requiring that
good governance principles and practices
are adhered to throughout the Company.
The Board determined that the following
is a helpful summary of its role:
Good corporate governance is about helping
to run the Company well.
It involves ensuring that an effective internal
framework of systems and controls is put in
place which clearly defines authority and
accountability and promotes success whilst
permitting the management of risk to
appropriate levels. It involves the exercise
of judgement as to the definitions of success,
the appropriateness of risk and the levels of
delegation to the Executive. The exercise of
this judgement is the responsibility of the
Board and involves consideration of processes
and assumptions as well as outcomes.
It also involves the creation of a sensitive
interface for the views of shareholders and
other stakeholders to be given appropriate
consideration when reaching these judgements.
The Executive team is required to provide
such information to the Board as the Board
needs to enable it to exercise its judgement
over these matters.
There is a very fine distinction between the
approval of processes and their definition.
Wherever possible, it is the role of the
Board to approve process rather than initiate
or define it. Only exceptionally would the
Board intervene to initiate or define.
The Board also sets the tone for the Company.
The way in which it conducts itself, its attitude
to ethical matters, its definitions of success
and the assessment of appropriate risk, all
define the atmosphere within which the
Executive team works.
Good corporate governance is not about
adhering to codes of practice (although
adherence may constitute a part of the
evidence of good governance) but rather about
the exercise of a mindset to do what is right.
One of the challenges facing any Board is
the way in which the Non-Executive and the
Executive Directors interact. It is clear that
they each have the same legal responsibility
but it is generally unrealistic to expect
Executive Directors to speak individually
with the same freedom as the Non-Executive
Directors. Equally, Executive Directors who
just ‘toe the executive line’ in contradiction
of their own views may not be effectively
contributing to good governance. A well-
functioning Board needs to find the right
balance between hearing the collective
Executive view and being aware of the natural
internal tensions in an Executive team.
Notwithstanding the tensions created by many
external expectations, which may be wholly or
in part unrealistic, a successful Board should,
ideally, be composed of a group of respected,
experienced, like-minded but diverse people
who coalesce around a common purpose
of promoting the long-term success of the
Company, provide a unified vision of the
definitions of success and appropriate risk,
endeavour to support management (i.e. those
who honestly criticise at times but encourage
all the time) and who create confidence in all
stakeholders in the integrity of the business.
41
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Chairman’s introduction
to Corporate Governance (continued)
A Board meeting should feel like a meeting
at which everyone is participating to solve
problems together. Above all, all participants
should be able to say after a Board meeting
that value has been added as a result of the
meeting taking place. This added value will
come in many forms: challenge, advice, clarity,
imagination, support, sharing of problems,
or creating strategic intent. The list is not
exhaustive.
Board membership is for 365 days of the year.
Board responsibilities do not start and end
with formal meetings. Board members,
on the Company’s and their own initiative,
should endeavour to engage outside meetings
to bring their experience to the assistance
of the Executive team wherever possible.
Above all there should be a sense of value
added from the engagement of the Board
members in all their interaction with the
Company, formal or otherwise.
To enhance its performance and effectiveness,
the Board sets itself explicit objectives, which
are separate from objectives set for the
Company and for the Chief Executive Officer,
following the outcome of the Board appraisal
process for the prior year. In relation to the
objectives for the year ended 29 March 2015,
the Board has regularly monitored its
performance against these and has found
this process adds value.
Donald Brydon, CBE
Chairman
20 May 2015
42
Royal Mail plc Board of Directors
Donald Brydon, CBE N* R
Chairman
Moya Greene C*
Chief Executive Officer
Orna Ni-Chionna A N R*
Senior Independent Non-Executive Director
Appointed to the Board1: 6 September 20132
Appointed to the Board3: 6 September 2013
Appointed to the Board4: 20 September 2013
Key areas of prior experience: Finance,
manufacturing, governance, insurance.
Key areas of prior experience: Postal
sector, finance, retail, transport.
Key areas of prior experience: Consumer
focus, retail, strategy.
Current external appointments:
• Chairman of The Sage Group plc.
Current external appointments:
• Non-Executive Director of Great-West
Current external appointments:
• Chair of Client Service at Eden McCallum
• Chairman of the Medical Research Council.
• Chairman of Chance to Shine.
• Chairman of TWBT Ltd.
Previous relevant experience:
• President and Chief Executive Officer of
Canada Post Corporation.
Lifeco Inc.
LLP.
• Non-Executive Director of Saga plc.
• Deputy Chairman of the National Trust.
Previous relevant experience:
• Partner at McKinsey & Company.
• Senior Independent Director of HMV plc,
Northern Foods plc and BUPA.
• Non-Executive Director of Bank of Ireland
UK Holdings plc and Bristol & West plc.
• Director, Science Museum Foundation.
• Assistant Deputy Minister for Transport
Canada.
• Senior Vice President, and Chief
Administration Officer, Retail Products,
at Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce.
• Vice Chairman of Purolator Courier Ltd,
a Canadian express parcel company.
• Senior Vice President for operational
effectiveness at Bombardier.
• Non-Executive Director of Tim Hortons Inc.
in Canada. Member of the Audit
Committee, Human Resources Committee
and Remuneration and Compensation
Committee.
• Managing Director, Infrastructure Finance,
at TD Securities Inc.
• Director, The Foundation of Science and
Technology.
• Patron of the British Postal Museum.
Previous relevant experience:
• 20 years with Barclays Group, during
which time he was Chairman and Chief
Executive of BZW Investment Management
and acting Chief Executive of BZW.
• 15 years with the AXA Group, including
holding the posts of Chairman and Chief
Executive of AXA Investment Managers
and Chairman of AXA Framlington.
• Chairman of Smiths Group.
• Chairman of the London Metal Exchange.
• Chairman of Amersham plc.
• Chairman of Taylor Nelson Sofres plc.
• Chairman of IFS School of Finance.
• Chairman of EveryChild, an international
children’s charity.
• Director of Allied Domecq plc, Scottish
Power plc and AXA UK plc.
1 The Director was appointed on 6 September 2013 to the Board of Royal Mail Limited, which changed its name to
Royal Mail plc on 19 September 2013
2 Appointed Chairman of Royal Mail Holdings plc on 26 March 2009
3 The Director was appointed on 6 September 2013 to the Board of Royal Mail Limited, which changed its name to
Royal Mail plc on 19 September 2013
4 Appointed Senior Independent Director of Royal Mail Holdings plc on 1 April 2011
Key to membership of Board Committees
A Audit and Risk Committee
N Nomination Committee
P Pensions Committee
R Remuneration Committee
C Chief Executive’s Committee (CEC)
* Chair of the Committee
43
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Board of Directors (continued)
Matthew Lester P C
Chief Finance Officer
John Allan† A
Non-Executive Director
Nick Horler A N
Non-Executive Director
Appointed to the Board5: 6 September 2013
Appointed to the Board: 20 September 2013
Appointed to the Board: 20 September 2013
Key areas of prior experience: Finance,
accounting, consumer goods, financial
services.
Current external appointments:
• Non-Executive Director of Man Group plc.
• Main committee member of the 100 Group
of Finance Directors and Chairman of its
Investor Relations and Markets Committee.
Previous relevant experience:
• Group Finance Director at ICAP plc.
• Group Financial Controller and Group
Treasurer, Diageo plc.
• Held positions at Kleinwort Benson after
qualifying as a chartered accountant with
Arthur Andersen.
44
Key areas of prior experience: Retail, postal
sector, logistics.
Key areas of prior experience: Retail,
energy, transport.
Current external appointments:
• Chairman of Alderney Renewable
Energy Ltd.
• Chairman of Meter Provida Ltd.
• Chairman of Alder and Allan.
• Non-Executive Director of The Go-Ahead
Group plc (member of Audit, Remuneration
and Nomination Committees).
• Non-Executive Director of Thames Water
Utilities Limited.
Previous relevant experience:
• Chief Executive Officer of Scottish Power.
• Managing Director Retail and Board
member of E.ON UK plc.
• Managing Director of Powergen Energy
Trading Limited.
Current external appointments:
• Chairman of Barratt Developments plc, Ship
Midco Limited (trading as WorldPay Limited)
and London First (from 1 January 2015).
• Chairman of Tesco PLC from (1 March 2015).
• Chairman of the Board of Trustees of the
DHL UK Foundation.
Previous relevant experience:
• Deputy Chairman and Senior Independent
Director of Dixons Carphone plc (resigned
17 February 2015).
• Senior executive and corporate Board
member of Deutsche Post World Net.
• Chief Financial Officer and corporate Board
member of Deutsche Post DHL.
• Chief Executive Officer of Exel plc, a supply
chain logistics company.
• Chairman of Care UK Health & Social Care
Holdings Limited.
• Non-Executive Director of the Home Office
Supervisory Board.
• Non-Executive Director at PHS Group plc,
ISS A/S, National Grid plc, Wolseley plc,
Hamleys plc, 3i plc and Connell plc.
• Senior adviser to Alix Partners.
• Regent of the University of Edinburgh.
†Resigned as Non-Executive Director on 30 April 2015
Directors’ original appointment dates to the Board of a Royal Mail parent company
Director
Donald Brydon CBE
Moya Greene
Orna Ni-Chionna
Matthew Lester
John Allan
Nick Horler
Cath Keers
Paul Murray
Les Owen
Royal Mail Holdings plc
Royal Mail Group Limited
27 January 20092
15 July 2010
1 June 20103
24 November 2010
–
1 April 2010
1 June 2010
1 August 2009
27 January 2010
1 April 2012
1 April 2012
1 April 2012
1 April 2012
14 January 2013
1 April 2012
1 April 2012
1 April 2012
1 April 2012
This table shows the dates that the Directors were appointed to the Board of Royal Mail
Holdings plc, the parent Company until 1 April 2012, and the Board of Royal Mail Group Limited,
the parent Company until 12 September 2013.
5 The Director was appointed on 6 September 2013 to the Board of Royal Mail Limited, which changed its name to
Royal Mail plc on 19 September 2013
Royal Mail plc Cath Keers A N
Non-Executive Director
Paul Murray A* P R
Non-Executive Director
Les Owen A R P*
Non-Executive Director
Appointed to the Board: 20 September 2013
Appointed to the Board: 20 September 2013
Appointed to the Board: 20 September 2013
Key areas of prior experience: Retail,
consumer focus.
Key areas of prior experience: Finance,
energy, technology.
Key areas of prior experience: Finance,
pensions, insurance.
Current external appointments:
• Non-Executive Director of Home Retail
Current external appointments:
• Non-Executive Director of Independent
Current external appointments:
• Non-Executive Chairman of Jelf Group plc.
Group plc and Chair of the Remuneration
Committee since July 2012.
• Non-Executive Director of the insurance
group Liverpool Victoria Friendly Society
Limited (LV=).
Previous relevant experience:
• Customer Director and Marketing Director
of 02 UK.
• Various marketing, strategy and business
development roles at Next, BSkyB, Avon
and Thorn EMI.
Oil and Gas plc.
• Non-Executive Director of Naked
Energy Ltd.
• Non-Executive Director of Qinetiq
Group plc.
• Non-Executive Director of Ventive Ltd.
• Audit Committee Chairman at Qinetiq
Group plc.
Previous relevant experience:
• Senior Independent Director of Taylor
Nelson Sofres plc.
• Non-Executive Director of Thomson SA
and of Tangent Communications plc.
• Group Finance Director of Carlton
Communications plc and of LASMO plc.
• Non-Executive Director of Computershare.
• Non-Executive Director of Discovery
Holdings, a South African listed health and
life insurer.
Previous relevant experience:
• Group Chief Executive Officer of AXA Asia
Pacific Holdings Limited.
• Chief Executive Officer of AXA Sun Life plc,
a member of the Global AXA Group
Executive Board and responsible for AXA’s
Asian Life Insurance and Wealth
Management operations.
• Non-Executive Director of Post Office
Limited.
• Non-Executive Director of Just Retirement
Group plc.
• Non-Executive Director of CPP Group plc.
Board attendance
During the year, the Directors attended the following number of meetings of the Board.
Eligible
to attend
Attended
Total number of meetings
Chairman
Donald Brydon
Executive Directors
Moya Greene
Matthew Lester
Non-Executive Directors
John Allan
Nick Horler
Cath Keers
Paul Murray
Orna Ni-Chionna
Les Owen
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
12
A Moya Greene was unable to attend the Board meeting on 18 July 2014 due to prior engagements
B Nick Horler was unable to attend the Board meeting on 18 July 2014 due to prior engagements
C Cath Keers was unable to attend the Board meeting on 28 January 2015 due to prior engagements
D Orna Ni-Chionna was unable to attend the Board meeting on 21 January 2015 due to prior engagements
E Les Owen was unable to attend the Board meeting on 19 March 2015 due to illness
12
11A
12
12
11B
11C
12
11D
11E
45
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Board of Directors (continued)
Changes to the Board during the year
• Jan Babiak resigned from the Royal Mail
plc Board of Directors on 29 April 2014.
• Mark Higson resigned from the Board and
left the business following the AGM on
24 July 2014.
• Donald Brydon informed the Board in
January 2015 of his intention to step down
from the Board. The Senior Independent
Director (SID), Orna Ni-Chionna, has
initiated a process to appoint his successor.
Donald will continue to chair the Board
until at least the 2015 AGM.
• Following his appointment as chairman of
Tesco PLC, John Allan informed the Board
in February 2015 of his intention to stand
down as a Non-Executive Director. It was
confirmed on 20 March 2015 that he
would resign as a Non-Executive Director
with effect from 30 April 2015.
There have been no other changes to the
Board during the year.
Board diversity policy
Diversity, including professional, international
and ethnic diversity, is a key factor when
assessing the Board’s composition. It ensures
there is the correct balance of skills,
experience and expertise amongst Non-
Executive Directors, to lead decision-making
and assess the performance and strategy of
the Company.
The Board has adopted a Board Diversity
Policy to ensure transparency and diversity
in making appointments to the Board on
the recommendation of the Nomination
Committee. This policy expresses the
commitment to principles of non-
discrimination against protected
characteristics6 and to the promotion of
fair participation and equality of opportunity
for all. The Board assesses whether it is
compliant with that policy through its Board
effectiveness review. The Board has also
adopted within this policy a process for Board
appointments (including procedures for
appointing a new Chairman) where an
appointment becomes necessary following
a resignation or additional characteristics are
identified as necessary during the Board
effectiveness review.
The gender balance of the Board is also taken
into consideration when recruiting a new
Non-Executive Director. This is reflected by
the current composition of the Board. We are
one of the few companies in the FTSE 100
that has a female Chief Executive Officer and,
at 29 March 2015, two of the six
Non-Executive Directors (33.3 per cent),
including the SID, were also female. The
Committee does not feel that it is appropriate
to set a quota regarding the number of
women on the Board but will look to maintain
a strong representation of women on the
Board.
The data depicted below is at 29 March 2015.
Board composition
Gender balance
Experience
Non-Executive Directors
67%
Executive Directors
22%
Chairman
11%
Male
67%
Female
33%
Public utilities 17.7%
Finance 23.5%
Logistics 11.8%
Accounting 23.5%
Retail and marketing 23.5%
6 Race, colour, ethnic or national origin, nationality, disability, marital or civil partner status, sexual orientation, pregnancy or maternity, age, religion or belief (including political opinion
in Northern Ireland), sex and gender reassignment
46
Royal Mail plc Statement of Corporate Governance
Board Responsibilities
Role of the Board
The Board is responsible for setting the
objectives and strategy for the Group and
for monitoring its performance and risk
management. The Board has adopted terms
of reference setting out its duties and
obligations and has defined those matters
that are reserved exclusively for its
consideration. These include the approval
of strategic plans, financial statements,
acquisitions and disposals, major contracts,
projects, and capital expenditure. The Board
has also developed objectives as a framework
for its work for the next 18 months and
progress in achieving these objectives is
reviewed at each Board meeting.
Board focus
Some of the key areas of focus during the
year were as follows (a number of these areas
are also considered by the Board committees):
• The Group’s Strategy;
• Revenue growth in core and new areas;
• Productivity and efficiency;
• New technology;
• Senior management talent;
• Health and Safety;
• Compliance and regulation;
• Investor and shareholder relations;
• General Logistic Systems; and
• Board effectiveness.
Expected focus for the next year:
• The Group’s Strategy;
• Compliance and regulation;
• Revenue growth in core and new areas;
• Productivity, efficiency and cost reduction;
• Technology;
• Review of Board composition;
• Channel strategies; and
• Health and Safety.
Board Committees
Certain responsibilities are delegated by the
Board to the Committees (shown in the
following diagram). The details of these Board
Committees are outlined later in this report.
The chair of each of the Board Committees
reports to the Board on matters discussed
at Committee meetings and highlights any
significant issues requiring the Board’s
attention. Reports on the work of the Audit
and Risk Committee, Nomination Committee
and Pensions Committee during the year are
given on pages 50-56. The work of the
Remuneration Committee can be found on
page 57 and in the Directors’ remuneration
report on pages 64-75.
Royal Mail
plc
Chief
Executive’s
Committee
Audit and
Risk
Committee
Nomination
Committee
Pensions
Committee
Remuner ation
Committee
Shareholder relations
Communication with shareholders is given
high priority. A full Annual Report and
Financial Statements is sent to all
shareholders who wish to receive one and
there are presentations after our
announcement of the half year and full year
results which are available to watch live and
on replay on our website. All information on
our activities, published financial results and
the Annual Report and Financial Statements
can be found on our Company website,
www.royalmailgroup.com.
There is regular dialogue with our institutional
shareholders. The Chairman and the SID are
also available to consult with shareholders.
The Board regularly receives an update on
interaction with investors and shareholders
to ensure that the Board has an understanding
of their views. In addition, the SID provides a
point of contact for those shareholders who
wish to raise issues with the Board, other
than through the Chairman.
The AGM is used to communicate with all
investors and the Board welcomes their
participation.
Board information
The Board receives business and financial
performance reports at each Board meeting
as well as standing reports on Health and
Safety and from the Company Secretary.
In addition, Directors have access to a Board
information archive containing background
and supporting documents for reference in
performance of their duties. The Directors
receive regular updates on developments in
matters such as corporate governance. These
processes enable the Company to comply with
the provisions of the Code requiring the timely
provision of information to Directors.
Risk management and internal controls
The Board is responsible for maintaining a risk
management and internal control system and
for managing principal risks faced by the
Group. This is described in more detail in the
Audit and Risk Committee Report on
pages 50 – 54.
Board Roles
Role of the Chairman
The Chairman’s responsibilities include:
• Chairing meetings of the Board and
general meetings of the Company;
• Setting the Board’s agenda and ensuring
that adequate time is available for
discussion of all agenda items, in particular
strategic issues;
• Setting clear expectations concerning the
Company’s culture, values and behaviours;
• Ensuring the Board determines the nature
and extent of significant risks that the
Company is willing to embrace in
implementing its strategy;
• Ensuring the Board has effective decision-
making processes and applies sufficient
challenge to major proposals;
• Encouraging all Board members to engage
in Board and Committee meetings by
drawing on their skills, experience,
knowledge and, where appropriate,
independence;
• Developing productive working
relationships with the Chief Executive
Officer and Executive Directors and
constructive relations between Executive
Directors and Non-Executive Directors;
• Ensuring effective communication with
shareholders and other stakeholders and
that Directors are made aware of their
views; and
• Ensuring the performance of the Board,
its Committees and individual Directors
is evaluated at least once a year and to
act on the results of such evaluations.
47
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Statement of Corporate Governance (continued)
Role of the Non-Executive Directors
The Board considers that each of the
Non-Executive Directors is independent.
This means that in the view of the Board, they
have no links to the Executive Directors and
other managers and no business or other
relationship with the Company that could
interfere with their judgement. The Board,
at least annually, reviews and authorises
the schedule of Directors interests, including
any potential conflicts.
Each Non-Executive Director plays an
instrumental role in the decisions that are
made by the Board and its Committees.
They challenge Management regarding the
performance of the Company with regard to
the Company’s goals and objectives. They also
monitor financial controls and the systems
of risk management.
The Non-Executive Directors and the
Chairman met on a number of occasions
during this period without the Executive
Directors being present. These meetings
are an important way to develop the working
relationships between the Non-Executive
Directors and to assess the performance
of Management.
In accordance with the requirements of
the Code, the terms of appointment for the
Non-Executive Directors are available for
inspection at the Company’s registered office
during normal office hours and they will be
made available at the AGM for a period of
15 minutes prior to the commencement of
the meeting and also during the meeting.
Role of the Senior Independent Director
As recommended by the Code, the Board
appointed Orna Ni-Chionna, one of its
independent Non-Executive Directors, to be
the SID. The SID is available to meet with
shareholders if they have concerns that the
normal channels of Chairman, Chief Executive
Officer or other Executive Directors have
failed to resolve or for which such channels
of communication are inappropriate.
The SID met with the Non-Executive Directors
and Executive Directors during the year to
assess the performance of the Chairman.
Role of the Company Secretary
Directors may take independent professional
advice in the furtherance of their duties, at the
Group’s expense. All Directors have access
to the advice and services of the Company
Secretary, the appointment and removal of
whom is a matter for the Board as a whole.
The Company Secretary ensures Board
procedures are followed and regularly
reviewed and is a source of advice to the
Chairman and the Board on implementation
of the Code.
Board composition
At the end of the year, the Board of Royal Mail
plc comprised a Chairman, two Executive
Directors and six Non-Executive Directors.
Prior to their appointment as Directors of the
Company, each of the Directors had been
a Director of Royal Mail Group Limited. The
biographies of each of the Directors, setting
out their current roles, commitments and
previous experience, are on pages 43 – 45.
Board terms of appointment
Time commitments
The terms of appointment for the Non-
Executive Directors require them to devote a
minimum of two days a month to working for
the Company – although in practice they tend
to devote more time than the minimum
requirement.
The Non-Executive Directors were required
to declare their other significant commitments
prior to their appointment and the Board is
informed of any subsequent changes. The
Company has announced to the London Stock
Exchange any changes to their directorships
on the boards of other publicly quoted
companies since the Company’s privatisation.
The Board is confident that all its members
have the knowledge, talent and experience to
perform the functions required of a Director
of the business. Executive Directors have
rolling 12-month contracts and Non-
Executive Directors are generally appointed
for three-year terms. There is also a clear
division of responsibilities between the
Chairman and the Chief Executive Officer.
Outside appointments
The Board believes that there are significant
benefits to both the Group and the individual
from Executive Directors accepting non-
executive directorships of companies outside
the Group. The Board’s approach is normally
to limit Executive Directors to one non-
executive directorship, for which the Director
may retain the fees.
Director induction and training
On appointment, all the Directors take part
in an induction programme, in which they
receive information about the Group, the role
of the Board and matters reserved for its
decision, the role of the principal Board
Committees, the Group’s Corporate
Governance arrangements and the latest
financial information about the Group. This
is supplemented by visits to key business
locations and meeting key personnel.
Chairman’s appointment
A Board subcommittee chaired by the SID and
comprising all the Non-Executive Directors
has been established to help with the process
of appointing a new Chairman.
An international search firm, the Zygos
Partnership (who has not previously had
a business relationship with the Company
and therefore is not subject to any conflicts
of interest), was appointed to assist
with this process.
48
Royal Mail plc Board Effectiveness Review
The effectiveness of the Board, its Committees, the Executive and Non-Executive Directors, and the Chairman was assessed in 2014 by an
external consultancy (who has not previously had a business relationship with the Company and therefore is not subject to any conflicts of
interest), Independent Board Evaluation. This independent team observed several Board and Committee meetings with supporting materials
provided as pre-reading by the Company. The external consultant also conducted individual interviews with each Board member and other
relevant stakeholders such as senior executives and managers. Participants were interviewed according to a set agenda, tailored for the Board.
The review covered a range of topics including succession planning, operations, composition, skills and experience, diversity, how the Board works
together, governance and compliance.
The Board has made good progress within its first year as a listed company and is dedicated to build upon this. The Board is also committed to
the success of the Company and demonstrated this in their support to the senior management team during the Initial Public Offering. The results
were encouraging and a number of improvements were identified. Actions for the year have been agreed and several actions have already been
undertaken. A summary of the actions are listed below:
Culture and Dynamics
Insights
Management information
Engagement with the senior management
Strategy and Operations
Insights
Strategy sessions
Risk management
Entrepreneurship
Composition and Tenure
Insights
Succession Planning
Board training and induction
Board composition/Skills
Actions agreed/Undertaken
Training has been delivered to ensure that the initial information flow
to the Board is succinct and fit for purpose. Improvements have been
made to the timing and delivery of information.
Continue to engage informally with the senior management and have
a good understanding of their roles and responsibilities for talent
management, for example regular meetings for Board Members
and Senior Managers have been established.
Actions agreed/Undertaken
Continue to focus on the Board’s longer-term blue-sky thinking and
time has been set aside for this.
The Board continues to ensure appropriate debate is given to key
business risk management issues. An additional Audit and Risk
Committee meeting has been scheduled to discuss, amongst other
matters, Risk Management issues.
Encourage entrepreneurship through the business, whilst maintaining
the right checks and balances.
Actions agreed/Undertaken
To continue to focus on succession and talent management.
To refresh the Board induction process and to provide governance
training for Directors as well as reviewing the overall education
programme. Refresher training on governance was provided to the
Board in March 2015.
A review of the Board skills will be carried out to identify and align
them to the Company’s strategy. A process has been initiated to appoint
the Chairman’s successor. Characteristics were identified for additional
appointments to include strategic skills as well as factors such as
diversity, customer experience and international experience.
49
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Statement of Corporate Governance (continued)
of their proposed audit teams, including
consideration of continuity and succession
plans; their capability to provide the necessary
assurance to the Committee across the Group;
review of their May 2014 FRC Audit Quality
Inspection Reports; and the proposed fee
quantum and structure. Feedback from key
individuals involved in the audit tender process
was also taken into consideration.
Following a thorough review of the proposals,
the Tender Working Team selected KPMG as
external auditor, with Richard Pinckard as
audit engagement partner. The Committee
supported this conclusion and in September
2014 recommended to the Board that KPMG
be appointed auditor to the Group. The
proposal to appoint KPMG as external auditor
will be put to the 2015 AGM for shareholder
approval.
Paul Murray
Chair, Audit and Risk Committee
Committee membership and attendance
Eligible
to attend
Attended
Total number
of meetings
Chair
Paul Murray
Members
John Allan
Nick Horler
Orna Ni-Chionna
Les Owen
Cath Keers
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
4
5
5
5
5
Meetings of the Committee were also
attended, where relevant, by the Chairman
of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the
Chief Finance Officer, other members of senior
management and representatives from the
external auditor, EY. The Board considers that
a number of the members of the Committee
have recent and relevant financial experience,
in particular Paul Murray (the Chair) and
Les Owen.
Audit and Risk Committee Terms of
Reference
The full terms of reference for the Committee
can be found on our website
www.royalmailgroup.com/about-us/
management-committees/audit-and-risk-
committee
In light of the public focus on supplier rebates,
we sought to reconfirm our supplier
agreements and the accounting treatment
of any rebate arrangements that are in place.
No significant rebates were identified and
those that were in place were accounted
for appropriately.
Following the French Competition Authority
investigation of GLS France (along with other
parcels distribution companies, alleging
anti-competitive practices and illegal price-
fixing), we reviewed the compliance
framework and its implementation across the
Group. Where weaknesses were identified, we
approved the necessary actions to strengthen
the framework, including enhanced multi-
jurisdictional training and communications
to emphasise the importance of compliance
throughout the Group.
Audit tender
In early 2014, the Committee decided to
initiate a competitive audit tender process
in light of emerging best practice, new
requirements with respect to audit tenure and
the fact that the existing auditor, EY, had been
the incumbent since 1986 without any tender
process having been undertaken. During the
year a ‘Tender Working Team’, nominated by
the Committee, undertook an audit tender
process. The team comprised myself, John
Allan and Les Owen, supported by relevant
experts within the business. At the beginning
of the process, we approached nine firms
to assess their interest in participating in the
audit tender, their ability to perform the audit,
and to confirm their independence.
Subsequently, three audit firms took part in
the tender process. The information gathering
phase of the tender involved the provision by
Royal Mail of relevant information via a secure
data room, a day at the Shared Service Centre
in Chesterfield to hold discussions with
individuals key to the audit process, a meeting
in London with senior finance management
from GLS, followed by meetings with the Chief
Finance Officer and the Non-Executive
Directors on the Tender Working Team.
In July 2014, each firm submitted a proposal
document that included an audit plan and
approach (with particular reference to certain
accounting challenges specific to Royal Mail),
details of their proposed team and a critique
of the Royal Mail plc consolidated Annual
Report and Financial Statements 2013-14.
Presentations were then made to the Tender
Working Team in August 2014.
The Tender Working Team assessed the
proposals on the basis of the audit firm’s
proposed approach, their understanding of
the business and its specific requirements for
the statutory and regulatory audit; the quality
Audit and Risk Committee report
Introduction from the Chair
Dear Shareholder,
The Committee has two main areas of
responsibility. The first is to review and
recommend to the Board all financial
statements and disclosures. The second is
to satisfy itself that internal controls and risk
management processes put in place by the
management team are working effectively.
The Committee gets independent assurance
from the Group’s Internal Audit and Risk
Management (IA and RM) function and also
receives regular reports from the Compliance
function as well as the external auditor (EY)
across a wide range of issues in support of
their respective oversight responsibilities.
The Committee is further supported by the
Risk Management Committee (RMC), a
management committee of the Chief
Executive’s Committee with a reporting line
to the Audit and Risk Committee (ARC). The
RMC’s key responsibilities are to drive the
monitoring, identification and management
of key risks in the organisation.
Alongside myself, the members of the
Committee are all independent Non-Executive
Directors – Orna Ni-Chionna, John Allan
(resigned 30 April 2015), Nick Horler,
Cath Keers and Les Owen.
During the year, the Committee continued to
challenge the assumptions and judgements
made by Management in determining the
half year and full year financial results of the
Company and to assess for appropriateness
their disclosure in the financial statements.
We reviewed the Group Risk Profile on a
quarterly basis, with particular focus on risks
where likelihood or impact had changed or
increased, along with their supporting action
plans to manage those risks. We paid
particular attention to the risks posed to
Royal Mail by direct delivery (see Business
risks page 33) and our significant IT
transformation programme. We also received
updates on three internal audit reports which
were rated as unsatisfactory to establish
whether appropriate actions had been taken
and the concerns raised by the reports had
been resolved.
50
Royal Mail plc Key areas of focus during the year
Matters the Committee considered during
the year include:
• Technology and the stabilisation of services
and benefits delivered by the major
transformation programme; and
• Financial reporting, particularly in
considering information presented by
management on significant accounting
judgements and policies adopted in respect
of the Company’s half year and full year
results and the assessment of whether the
Annual Report and Financial Statements
were fair, balanced and understandable;
• Risk management and internal control,
receiving regular updates from IA and RM
on the results of their reviews and risk
management mandatory standards;
• Corporate Governance Framework;
• The requirements of the 2014 Corporate
Governance Code, including the new
viability statement.
Meeting cycle and agenda items
The Committee uses a meeting tracker,
approved once a year, which provides a
framework for each meeting agenda.
During 2014-15 the Committee met five times:
• One meeting related to the French
Competition Authority investigation;
Of the four regular meetings:
• Two meetings mainly focused on the half
• Compliance Framework, including receiving
year and full year results; and
quarterly updates from the Group
Compliance team on areas within their
oversight remit; and
• Technology and the risks posed by the
major transformation programme the
Company is undertaking.
Key areas of focus for next year
• Best practice in external reporting;
• Parcels strategy and automation;
• Two meetings mainly focused on internal
audit and risk management.
However, all regular meetings contain
elements of both financial reporting and
internal audit and risk management, with
reports from the Group Financial Controller
and the Director of IA and RM being standing
items on all agendas.
Reliance on external and in-house
experts
The Group’s actuary, Towers Watson Limited,
provides expert opinion and long-term
assumption advice with respect to pension
accounting and the assessment of other
long-term liabilities. The Committee has
concluded that Towers Watson Limited has
the necessary expertise and resources.
The Committee also relies on:
• Advice and information provided by the
General Counsel with respect to specific
provisions and other contingent liabilities;
and
• An independent survey of households to
statistically calculate a distribution using
95 per cent confidence limit which is used
to estimate the number/value of stamps
that have been bought by the public but
not used.
The external auditor had full access to these
experts and, using their own actuarial and
statistical experts, was able to provide further
assurance to the Committee on these matters.
The Committee is satisfied that the General
Counsel has, or has access to, the relevant
necessary expertise and resources and that
the company conducting the statistical surveys
also has the relevant necessary expertise
and resources.
Key activity in relation to the financial statements
The main areas of focus for the Committee during the year in relation to the financial statements were:
Matter considered
New matters arising in the year
What the Committee did
French Competition Authority investigation (£46 million, see
note 4 on page 86 and note 20 on page 120)
In October 2014 Royal Mail entered into a settlement agreement with
the French Competition Authority in respect of the alleged breaches of
antitrust laws by one of its subsidiaries, GLS France, during the period
before the end of 2010. At the half year, a provision of £18 million was
raised for the anticipated fine and associated costs (comprised of
£12 million for the anticipated fine and £6 million for the associated
costs). At the full year, the provision for the anticipated fine has been
reassessed to be £40 million in light of further correspondence with
the French Competition Authority and their approach in other recent
cases. Of the £6 million provision for the associated costs, £4 million
has been utilised to date.
The actual fine to be imposed will not be known until the second half of
2015-16 and the level of provision recorded at the half and full year for
the anticipated fine and associated costs is a matter of judgement
based on legal advice.
A range of potential outcomes from the investigation was presented by
Management, based on external legal advice, with their best estimate
of a potential fine selected.
The Committee reviewed and challenged Management’s assumptions
and invited EY’s views on the proposed level of provision.
The Committee will continue to scrutinise the level of provision and
ensure that it is adjusted appropriately until the proceedings are
concluded and the fine and associated costs are paid.
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Statement of Corporate Governance (continued)
Matter considered
What the Committee did
Non-GAAP measures of performance – disclosure
(see Financial Review on page 24 and Significant
accounting policies on page 131)
The Group has moved to a presentation of profit and loss on an
‘adjusted’ basis that excludes specific items and reports movements on
an underlying basis.
From March 2015 this will include a specific item adjusting the income
statement pension charge for the actual cash cost of pensions.
Management believes that the use of certain non-GAAP measures
assists with the understanding of the performance of the Group. The
Committee discussed Management’s proposal to move to an adjusted
measure of profit at the November 2014 and March 2015 meetings.
We challenged the various adjustments proposed and the disclosure
of the non-GAAP measures in light of the requirement for the annual
report and financial statements to be fair, balanced and understandable.
We concluded that the disclosure of non-GAAP measures does assist
with the understanding of the performance of the business.
Ongoing matters considered due to their materiality and/or the application of judgement
Advance customer payments
(£286 million, see note 27 on page 127)
The Group estimates the amounts of stamps and meter credits that
have been sold but not used prior to the half year and year end.
Although the relevant survey and extrapolation is conducted by an
independent company, the level at which a stamp holding is considered
to be abnormal, and therefore excluded from the estimate, is a
judgement made by management. This judgement impacts revenue,
profit and net assets.
The Committee continued to review and challenge the methodology
and outcome from the statistical survey at the half year and full year,
along with the judgement made by Management as to the level at
which a stamp holding is considered abnormal. We compared the level
of deferred income recognised by Management at each reporting
period to ensure a consistent application.
Separately, the auditor used their own experts to review the statistical
processes and assess the judgemental assumption.
We concluded that the level of deferred revenue remained appropriate.
Royal Mail Defined Benefit Pension Surplus
(£3,179 million, see balance sheet and note 8 on page 93)
The valuation of the pension liabilities relies on the estimation of
long-term assumptions such as RPI/CPI and mortality. Small
movements in these assumptions can lead to material impacts on
the balance sheet.
In view of the complexity of accounting for pension schemes, significant
focus is required on the associated disclosure to ensure that it is fair,
balanced and understandable.
Industrial diseases claims provision
(£81 million, see note 20 on page 120)
The Group is liable for claims brought by employees (past and current)
and by individuals who were employed in the General Post Office
Telecommunications division and whose employment ceased prior to
October 1981. The provision covers the estimate of claims that could
be received over the next 25-40 years. Changes to the provision will
impact the income statement and net assets.
Impact of changing employment legislation
(see Business risks on page 34)
The Group has a large workforce and changes to laws and
regulations relating to employment can have a significant effect on
the Group’s results.
Key long-term assumptions were prepared by the Group’s actuary,
Towers Watson Limited, and benchmarked to prevailing economic
indicators and other large pension schemes. The assumptions were
reviewed and approved by the Pensions Committee (see Report on
page 56). All of these assumptions are disclosed in note 8 to the
financial statements. Changes in the assumptions were summarised for
the Committee and explanations provided for the returns on scheme
assets, particularly as a result of the liability hedging strategy.
The auditor used their own independent actuarial experts to confirm
that the assumptions used were reasonable and appropriate.
To determine whether the level of provisioning in the balance sheet was
reasonable, the Committee examined reports from Management and
estimates of the gross provision (including the number of claims
incurred but not received and the associated expected cash outflow,
undiscounted) calculated by the Group’s actuary, Towers Watson
Limited. The discount factor used by Towers Watson, as advised by
Management, to calculate the present value of the provision was
validated against applicable bond rates. We compared the discounted
provision to the provisions recorded at previous reporting dates and to
recent cash settlements confirmed by the General Counsel.
We received EY’s comments on the assumptions and the calculation
used to reach the discounted provision and concluded that the
approach taken to setting the provision continued to be appropriate.
Throughout the year, the Committee received regular updates on
relevant employment law cases from the General Counsel along with
impact assessments of judgements on the Group.
In light of the legal updates, we examined reports prepared by
Management to determine whether their interpretation of the
potential liabilities for the Group was appropriate.
The Committee concluded that these potential liabilities were
accounted for appropriately based on the legal assessments provided
by the General Counsel.
52
Royal Mail plc Audit Committee effectiveness
During the year, the Committee was assessed
as part of the external evaluation carried out
by Independent Board Evaluation. Further
details can be found in the Statement of
Corporate Governance on page 49. One area
of potential improvement was the provision
of appropriate training to ensure that the
members are up to date with technical and
auditing developments, and the need to
schedule another Committee meeting in
January. In addition, the Chair has used a
short questionnaire to help determine
priorities. The conclusion of the evaluation was
that the Committee continues to be effective.
Effectiveness of the external
audit process
During the year, the Committee reviewed the
planning methodology and proposed audit
approach presented by the external auditor,
and the Chair of the Committee attended an
audit planning event where the areas of audit
risk were discussed and agreed. The
Committee reviewed and approved the
respective engagement letters for the
statutory and regulatory audits.
At the end of the half year review and year
end statutory audit, the Committee received
reports from EY covering significant issues
identified and discussed during the audit visits.
These reports were compared with the
matters that Management had identified, to
ensure consistency. The Committee also held
regular private meetings with the external
auditor.
During the year, the Committee reviewed
the external auditor’s 2014 Audit Quality
Inspection Report and discussed with them
the findings of that report and those from
a review of their audit files.
At the conclusion of the full year’s audit, the
Committee performed a specific assessment
of the external audit process. This was
supported by the results of discussions
with individual Committee members and
questionnaires completed by relevant
individuals within the business, covering areas
such as the preparation for the audit, the
calibre of the audit teams, the audit scope,
communications, technical expertise and
audit governance and independence.
The effectiveness of Management in the
external audit process is assessed principally
in relation to the timely identification and
resolution of areas of accounting judgement,
the quality and timeliness of papers analysing
those judgements, the identification of audit
adjustments and the level of audit fee
over-runs.
After taking all of the above into consideration,
the Committee concluded that the audit team,
and EY as a firm, had demonstrated that they
had appropriate qualifications, resources and
expertise and that the audit process was
effective.
Safeguarding the independence and
objectivity of the external auditor
EY have been the incumbent auditor since
their appointment on 11 June 1985. The
current external audit partner is Richard
Wilson, who was appointed to lead the audit
in June 2011. As noted above, a competitive
tender process for the award of the external
audit has been held during the year.
The Committee has a policy in respect of
non-audit work which requires Management
to seek pre-approval prior to the engagement
of the external auditor for the provision of any
non-audit services. This is to ensure that the
level of fees earned from non-audit services
and the type of services provided do not
impair the external auditor’s independence
and objectivity. In general the external auditor
is not approached to perform non-audit work.
However the auditor may be appointed to
perform non-audit services if there is a
genuine efficiency in doing so. This could
follow a competitive tender process involving
the external auditor. The Committee currently
permits the external auditor to provide
non-audit services in respect of audit-related
services, tax services and other services
insofar as permitted by auditor independence
rules. The Committee has delegated authority
to the Chief Finance Officer to pre-approve
assignments up to £25,000 with an annual
limit of £500,000.
For 2014-15, EY undertook non-audit
services in relation to tax advice, reviews and
filings, corporate sustainability reporting
assurance; and the iXBRL tagging of the
Group’s subsidiary financial statements. Total
fees for non-audit services were £265,000
which represented around 13 per cent of the
external audit fee.
The Committee also has a policy that restricts
the recruitment or secondment of individuals
employed by the external auditor into
positions that provide financial reporting
oversight where they could exercise influence
over the financial or regulatory statements
of the Group or the level of audit and
non-audit fees.
Risk management and internal
control overview
The Board believes that effective risk
management and a sound control environment
are fundamental to the Group. The UK
Corporate Governance Code requires the
Board to maintain sound risk management
and internal control systems, to review their
effectiveness at least annually and to report
on this review to shareholders. A sound system
of internal control depends on a thorough and
regular evaluation of the nature and extent to
which the Group is exposed to risk.
The Group’s risk management and internal
control system is designed to manage rather
than eliminate risk as taking on manageable
risk is an inherent part of undertaking the
commercial activities of the Group. The
system can only provide reasonable, not
absolute, assurance against material
misstatement or loss.
There is an ongoing process for identifying,
evaluating and managing the principal risks
faced by the Group in accordance with the
guidance detailed by the UK Corporate
Governance Code, including financial,
operational and compliance risks, and risks
to reputation. The process has been in place
throughout the year and up to the date of
approval of these financial statements.
Risk management and internal
control framework
The Group-wide risk management framework
includes risk governance, risk identification,
measurement and management, and risk
reporting and sets out the ‘top-down’ and
‘bottom-up’ approach to risk identification for
the Group. During the year the business has:
• Reviewed its Risk Management
Framework, Risk Management Policy
and Risk Management Guide, received
self-assessment validations from the
prioritised business units and functions
on compliance with the Risk Management
Mandatory Standards and provided
independent assurance of a sample of
these submissions;
• Continued its emerging risk identification
process through regular structured
dialogue with subject matter experts
across the business; and
• For a sample of risks on the Group Risk
Profile, independently validated the
supporting risk analysis information
including the mitigation plans.
The Group’s approach to risk management
is based on the underlying principle of line
management accountability for effective
implementation of internal controls to
manage risk.
53
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Statement of Corporate Governance (continued)
The Group recognises and uses the principle
of the ‘Three Lines of Defence’:
1. First Line comprises primary controls over
the risks to the business, located in the
day-to-day operation, and includes
established management organisation,
policies and documentation, budgets, and
performance management.
2. Second Line comprises internal monitoring
and oversight of the first line including
regular reviews, assessments, and
annual sign-offs.
3. Third Line comprises independent
assessment of the first and second lines
by the IA and RM function and others
(including external audit).
Assessing the effectiveness of the system
of risk management and internal control
In addition to the specific constitution,
meetings, reliance on experts, and focus areas
highlighted above, the Committee uses a
number of mechanisms to help it to arrive at
its conclusion on the effectiveness of the
system of risk management and internal
control in the business. These include:
1. Risk governance
The Board has delegated responsibility for
specific review of risk and control processes
to the Committee and the Committee in turn
is supported by the RMC, to help discharge
its duties. The RMC meets to promote and
support the establishment, communication
and embedding of risk management
throughout the Group and to ensure that risks
that are significant at Group level are being
effectively managed.
2. Assurance from Internal Audit
IA and RM provides independent assurance to
executive Management and the Board on the
effectiveness of the internal control system
and elements of the Risk Management
Process, including compliance with the Risk
Management Mandatory Standards, and
validation of mitigation plans for Group Risks.
IA and RM establishes and agrees with the
Committee an annual plan of assignments and
activities based on discussions with the Board
and Management, and also taking into account
known issues in the business, areas of known
importance to the delivery of the business
plan, areas subject to strong or emerging
regulation or legislation, and known issues in
the industry.
The Internal Audit work programme, focused
towards the key business priorities for
2014-15, included:
• Business Transformation reviews including
Parcels and IT Service Transition;
• Major business process reviews including
Network Access Billing, Order to Cash,
IT Disaster Recovery, and International
Revenue Controls;
• Continued rolling programme of review of
the basic business controls and validation
reviews related to the management of
individual risks on the Group Risk Profile;
and
• Conformance of key units/functions to
defined Risk Management Mandatory
Standards.
3. External audit activity
External audits and reviews take place during
the year to provide Management, the Board
and the Regulator with assurance on specific
matters. Activity includes:
• The external auditor performs a statutory
year end audit;
• The external auditor performs an audit
of the regulatory accounts as part of
Universal Service Provider (USP)
accounting requirements;
• The externally measured end-to-end
Quality of Service is audited by an
independent accounting firm (appointed by
Ofcom) as part of Royal Mail’s Designated
Universal Service Provider condition
requirements; and
• The Universal Service Obligation (USO)
daily collections and deliveries performance
reporting and methodology is assured by
an independent accounting firm (appointed
by Royal Mail) as part of Royal Mail’s
designated Universal Service.
Whistleblowing
Arrangements are in place to enable
employees to raise concerns about potential
wrongdoings in confidence and to ensure
independent investigation of such matters.
During the year IA and RM reported to the
Committee on the number of notifications and
the time taken to process them through the
Employee Disclosure Committee (EDC).
54
Nomination Committee report
Introduction from the Chair
Dear Shareholder,
As noted in the announcement on 20 January
2015, I have informed the Board of my
intention to step down from the Board. The
SID, Orna Ni-Chionna, has initiated a process
to appoint my successor and I will continue to
chair the Board until at least the 2015 AGM.
Likewise, following his appointment as
Chairman of Tesco PLC, John Allan resigned
as a Non-Executive Director with effect
from 30 April 2015. As a result of this,
the Committee has started to assess the
composition of the Board to take account
of the changes.
In 2014, an external Board evaluation was
undertaken (see page 49), the results of which
were encouraging. It gave reassurance that
the Board and its Committees continue to
work effectively.
As well as succession planning and the
continued evaluation of the balance of skills,
knowledge and experience of the Board the
Committee continues to focus on diversity,
reviewing leadership attributes, approving
changes to senior management and various
appointments within the Company.
The following report outlines the Committee’s
membership and attendance, its role, its focus
during the year, Directors’ re-election and
diversity.
Donald Brydon
Chair of the Nomination Committee
Royal Mail plc Committee membership and attendance
• To ensure that on appointment to the
Total number
of meetings
Chair
Donald Brydon
Members
Nick Horler
Cath Keers
Orna Ni-Chionna
Eligible
to attend
Attended
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
3
Meetings of the Committee were also
attended, where relevant, by the Company
Secretary, the Deputy Company Secretary
and the Group HR Director. The Chief
Executive Officer and other Non-Executive
Directors have also attended when required.
Nomination Committee Terms of
Reference
The full terms of reference for the Committee
can be found on our website
www.royalmailgroup.com/about-us/
management-committees/nomination-
committee.
Role of the Committee
A summary of the responsibilities of the
Committee in connection with appointments
to the Board and senior management
positions is shown below:
• To regularly review the structure, size and
composition of the Board and to evaluate
the balance of skills, knowledge, experience
and diversity on the Board to inform the
capabilities required for a particular
appointment;
• To give full consideration to succession
planning for Directors and senior
management;
• To identify, and nominate for the approval
of the Board, candidates to fill Board
vacancies as and when they arise;
• To evaluate, before any appointment is
made by the Board, the balance of skills,
knowledge, experience and diversity on the
Board and in the light of this evaluation
consider, where appropriate, preparing a
description of the role and capabilities
required for a particular appointment.
In identifying suitable candidates, the
Committee may use open advertising or
the services of external advisers to
facilitate the search;
Board, Non-Executive Directors receive
a formal letter of appointment setting out
clearly what is expected of them in terms
of time commitment, committee service
and involvement outside Board meetings:
• For the appointment of a Chairman, to
prepare a job description including the time
commitment expected. A proposed
Chairman’s other significant commitments
should be disclosed to the Board before
appointment and any changes to the
Chairman’s commitments should be
reported to the Board as they arise;
• To review annually the time required
from Non-Executive Directors to fulfil
their duties;
Key areas of focus during the year
Matters the Committee considered during
the year include:
• Reviewing leadership attributes in
conjunction with an external adviser,
Norman Broadbent;
• Choosing an external consultancy to
undertake a Board evaluation exercise;
• Approving changes to the roles of certain
members of senior management;
• Reviewing the Board’s policy on diversity
as outlined on page 46;
• CEC talent review;
• Appointment of Directors and Secretary
to subsidiaries and Joint Ventures; and
• To make recommendations to the Board
• Appointment of Pension Trustees.
Key areas of focus for next year
• Assessing the composition of the Board
following the departures of Donald Brydon
and John Allan from the Board;
• Succession planning and talent
management; and
• Appointment of Directors and Secretary
to subsidiaries and Joint Ventures.
Directors’ re-election
The Committee considers the performance of
each individual Director, whether he or she
continues to be effective and can demonstrate
commitment to the role and whether they
should be proposed for election at the AGM.
Biographical details of each of the Directors,
together with details of their skills and
experience, may be found on pages 43 – 45.
Following a performance evaluation of each
Director and the Board as a whole, all
Directors are considered by the Board to be
fully effective.
on:
– Formulating succession plans for both
Executive Directors and Non-Executive
Directors and in particular for the key
roles of the Chairman and Chief
Executive Officer;
– Suitable candidates for the role of
the SID;
– Membership of the Board Committees
in consultation with the Chairs of those
committees;
– The re-appointment of any Non-
Executive Director at the conclusion
of their specified term of office having
given due regard to their performance
and ability to continue to contribute to
the Board; and
– The re-election of Directors by
shareholders under the re-election
provisions of the Code or the retirement
by rotation provisions in the Company’s
Articles of Association (the Articles),
having due regard to their performance
and ability to continue to contribute to
the Board and the need for progressive
refreshing of the Board.
• To nominate suitable candidates for other
senior management positions; and
• To review the succession management
process within the Company for the top
120 senior management positions.
55
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Statement of Corporate Governance (continued)
Committee membership and attendance
• Reviewing major policy, regulatory,
legislative, accounting reporting, industrial
relations and Governmental issues
impacting the pension schemes as from
time to time is necessary, at the request
of the Board, Management or any member
of the Pensions Committee, and making
decisions, recommendations or reporting
to the Board accordingly.
Key areas of focus during the year
Matters the Committee considered during the
year include:
• Scheme funding;
• Investment strategy and risk management;
• Investment performance and fees;
• The impact of pension legislation changes;
and
• Pensions accounting and treatment of
scheme surplus.
Key areas of focus for next year
Matters the Committee expect to be
considering during the year ahead include:
• The pension schemes’ funding valuations,
and any implications for future benefit
design;
• Investment strategy and risk management;
• Pensions accounting;
• Pension scheme administration; and
• The impact of new pensions freedoms on
the schemes.
Total number of
meetings
Chair
Les Owen
Members
Matthew Lester
Paul Murray
Jan Babiak*
Eligible
to attend
Attended
3
3
3
3
1
3
3
3
1
Pensions Committee report
Introduction from the Chair
Dear Shareholder,
The responsibilities delegated to the
Committee by the Board include the review
and approval of objectives in relation to the
Royal Mail pension schemes, monitoring
performance of these schemes, considering
recommendations and reports from
management in relation to policy and strategy
concerning pensions and investment matters
that are significant to the Group, and, where
appropriate, making recommendations to the
Audit and Risk Committee and the Board.
*Jan Babiak resigned from the Board on 29 April 2014.
The meetings of the Committee have also
been attended by the Company Secretary,
the Director of Corporate Finance, the
Group Financial Controller, the Head of
Pensions Strategy and representatives from
the Company’s pensions advisers, Towers
Watson Limited.
Pensions Committee Terms of Reference
The full terms of reference for the Committee
can be found on our website
www.royalmailgroup.com/about-us/
management-and-committees/pensions-
committee.
The Committee reports and makes
recommendations to the Board (and to Royal
Mail Group Limited as principal employer of
the Group’s pension’s schemes) on:
Role of the Committee
Further to the responsibilities outlined in the
Committee Chair’s statement, the role of the
Committee also includes:
• Reviewing reports from the Trustee
Executive on the Royal Mail pension
schemes’ financial position, investment
performance, administration levels and
other activities;
• Reviewing recommendations from the
Pensions Policy Committee and approving
assumptions relating to funding valuations
and the Statement of Investment
Principles;
• Approving, in accordance with the pension
schemes’ Rules, the appointment,
re-appointment, removal, period of
appointment and remuneration of the
Chair of Trustees. This approval will be
given on behalf of the Board following
consultation with the Chair and on the
recommendation of Management; and
• Pension matters which it reasonably
considers are of strategic importance
to the Group;
• Pension-related matters involving a
financial impact of over £100 million;
• Material changes to benefits that require
rule changes or changes to the pension
scheme Trust Deeds other than those
required for changes in legislation; and
• Material matters in relation to the
accounting for the Group’s pensions
obligations.
The Committee is supported by the Pensions
Policy Committee, whose members are the
Chief Finance Officer, the Company Secretary,
the Group HR Director and representatives
from the CWU and Unite/CMA.
Further details of the Committee’s role, its
membership and the key areas of focus during
the year are set out below.
Les Owen
Chair of the Pensions Committee
56
Royal Mail plc Remuneration Committee
Committee membership and attendance
Other Committees:
Risk Management Committee
The Risk Management Committee supports
the Audit and Risk Committee and meets to
promote and support the establishment,
communication and embedding of risk
management throughout the business. The
Committee meets quarterly and is chaired
by the Chief Executive Officer.
Disclosure Committee
The role of the Disclosure Committee is to
assist the Executive Directors in fulfilling their
responsibility for oversight of the accuracy and
timeliness of the disclosures made by the
Company in relation to its financial and other
reporting. The Committee meets on a regular
basis during the reporting process and is
chaired by the Chief Executive Officer.
Total number
of meetings
Chair
Orna Ni-Chionna
Members
Donald Brydon
Paul Murray
Les Owen
Eligible
to attend
Attended
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
7
Meetings of the Committee were also
attended, where relevant, by the Chief
Executive Officer, Group HR Director,
Company Secretary, other members of senior
management and representatives from the
executive remuneration consultants, New
Bridge Street and latterly PwC.
No individual was present when matters
regarding their own remuneration were
discussed.
Remuneration Committee Terms of
Reference
The full Terms of Reference for the Committee
can be found on our website
http://www.royalmailgroup.com/about-us/
management-and-committees/remuneration-
committee.
Role of the Committee
• To determine and recommend for the
Board’s approval the framework for the
remuneration of the senior executives of
the Group;
• To determine the individual remuneration
arrangements for the Chairman, the
Executive Directors and the Company
Secretary; and
• To agree the targets for any performance-
related incentive schemes applicable to
senior executives.
Key areas of focus during the year
Details of the work carried out by the
Remuneration Committee and the decisions
made are outlined in the Directors’
remuneration report on pages 64 – 75.
57
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Statement of Corporate Governance (continued)
Chief Executive’s Committee
The Group has a committed management
team which has successfully transformed the
Company and allowed for its public flotation
in 2013. Through the Chief Executive’s
Committee, the team manages the key
strategies of the Group with an overall
framework of financial risk and business
controls to meet the needs of stakeholders.
Biographies for the Chief Executive Committee
can be found below.
Moya Greene
Chief Executive Officer
See ‘Our Board of Directors’ on
pages 43 – 45.
Stephen Agar
Managing Director, Consumer and Network
Access
Current role
• Appointed Managing Director, Consumer
and Network Access, in October 2011.
• Responsible for the regulated letters
business (both USO and Access).
Previous work history
• A barrister who started his career in the
Government Legal Service before moving
to Racal Electronics plc.
• Joined Royal Mail in 1991.
Rico Back
Chief Executive Officer, GLS
Current role
• Appointed Chief Executive Officer of GLS
in October 1999.
Previous work history
• Founding manager of German Parcel in
1989, which was acquired by the Group
in 1999.
Catherine Doran
Chief Information Officer
Current roles
• Joined Royal Mail in September 2011 as
Chief Information Officer.
• A Non-Executive Director for Defra and
BQF.
• Member of the CIO Board for e-skills UK.
Previous work history
• Joined Royal Mail from Network Rail,
where she led the company-wide
transformation programme.
Neil Harnby
General Counsel
Current role
• Appointed General Counsel in January 2012.
Previous work history
• Previously General Counsel for the
European and Middle Eastern Division of
GE Capital, the financial services unit of
the General Electric Company.
• Before joining GE, he was a Partner at
Linklaters LLP.
Matthew Lester
Chief Finance Officer
See ‘Our Board of Directors’ on
pages 43 – 45.
58
Royal Mail plc Jon Millidge
Group HR Director
Current role
• Appointed Group HR Director in February
2014.
• Pension Scheme Trustee of the Royal Mail
Defined Contribution Plan.
Previous work history
• Joined Royal Mail in 1985 as a graduate
and has worked across a number of the
businesses with the Group.
• Previously Company Secretary from May
2010 to February 2014 and prior to that
was the Acting Group HR Director.
Mike Newnham
Chief Customer Officer
Current role
• Appointed Chief Customer Officer in March
2012.
Previous work history
• Led the Consumer division of Orange in
the UK.
• Prior to that held a number of executive
board positions at Orange.
Shane O’Riordain
Managing Director, Communications, Strategy,
Regulation and Pricing
Current role
• Appointed Managing Director,
Communications in November 2010.
• Subsequently assumed responsibility for
Strategy and in 2014, Regulation and
Pricing.
Previous work history
• Director of Communications for Royal Mail
Group.
• Held a number of Group Communications
Director positions in the banking and
financial sector, at Lloyds Banking Group,
HBOS, Halifax and Flemings.
Emily Pang
Company Secretary
Current role
• Appointed as Company Secretary in
Stuart Simpson
Deputy Chief Operations Officer
Current role
• Joined the Royal Mail in 2009 and
Sue Whalley
Chief Operations Officer
Current role
• Joined Royal Mail in 2006 and was
February 2014, in addition to her current
responsibilities.
appointed Deputy Chief Operations Officer
in January 2014.
appointed Chief Operations Officer in
January 2014.
• Joined the Group as Chief of Staff for Royal
Mail Group in April 2011.
Previous work history
• Prior to joining Royal Mail, worked at
Canada Post where she was Executive
Chief of Staff and the interim Lead
Executive for Human Resources.
• Prior to that worked at CIBC, a major
Canadian bank.
• Emily is a Chartered Accountant.
• Prior to this, he was running Operations for
the West Region of the UK and was the
Finance Director for UK Operations.
Previous work history
• Worked in the automotive industry for
15 years with senior roles in Finance and
Strategy, the last ten of which were based
outside the UK.
• Responsible for leading the next phase
of the transformation in Operations, with
specific focus on further development
of safety, quality, efficiency, culture and
innovation.
• Previously, as Regulation and Government
Affairs Director, led the programmed work
for privatisation.
Previous work history
• Consultant at McKinsey and Company for
17 years, the last six of which as a partner.
59
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Directors’ Report
Introduction
The Directors present their report together
with audited financial statements for the year
ended 29 March 2015.
Strategic report
To enable the assessment of how the Directors
have performed their duty to promote the
success of the Company, the Companies Act
2006 requires the Directors to set out in this
report a fair review of the business of the
Group during the year, the position of the
Group at the end of the year and a description
of the principal risks and uncertainties facing
the Group. This information can be found in
the following sections of the Annual Report
and Financial Statements and are incorporated
by reference.
The information required to be disclosed in
the Annual Report under Listing Rule 9.8.4R
is marked with an asterisk below.
Index
Business model
Strategy for delivering objectives
Results
Financial assets and liabilities
Business risks
Corporate responsibility
Greenhouse gas emissions
Disabled employees
Our people
Going concern
Long-Term Incentive Plans*
Statement of the amount
of interest capitalised*
Dividend waiver*
Page
14
16
4
80
31
36
40
38
37
83
99
121 and 124
60
Disclosure and Transparency Rules
The Strategic report and the Directors’ report
together include the management report
required by the Disclosure and Transparency
Rules (DTR4.1) of the UK Financial Conduct
Authority (Disclosure and Transparency
Rules), the Directors having consulted with the
management on such matters.
Corporate Governance statement
The Disclosure and Transparency Rules
require certain information to be included
in a corporate governance statement in
the Directors’ Report. This information can
be found in the Statement of Corporate
Governance on pages 47 - 59 and is
incorporated into this Directors’ Report
by reference.
Dividends
Final dividend
The Board recommends a final dividend of
14.3 pence per ordinary share, giving a total
dividend for the year of 21.0 pence per
ordinary share. The final dividend will be
payable on 31 July 2015 to shareholders
whose names appear on the register of
members on 3 July 2015.
Dividends and distribution
The Company may by ordinary resolution
from time to time declare dividends not
exceeding the amount recommended by the
Board. Subject to the Companies Act 2006,
the Board may pay interim dividends, and also
any fixed rate dividend, whenever the financial
position of the Company, in the opinion of the
Board, justifies its payment. If the Board acts
in good faith, it is not liable to holders of
shares with preferred or pari passu rights
for losses arising from the payment of interim
or fixed dividends on other shares. All
dividends shall be apportioned and paid pro
rata according to the amounts paid up on
the shares.
Dividend waivers
The trustee of the Royal Mail Share Incentive
Plan will not receive any dividends (other than
any special dividend declared by the Board) on
Free Shares which it has not been possible to
award to, or which have been forfeited by,
participants in the plan.
Political donations
No political donations were made during the
year and the Company intends to continue its
policy of not making such donations for the
foreseeable future.
Future developments
Possible future developments are described in
Our strategy on pages 16 – 17 and Business
risks on pages 31 – 35 of the Strategic report.
Share capital
As at 29 March 2015, the Company’s issued
share capital comprised 1,000,000,000
ordinary shares of one penny each as set out
in note 28 to the accounts on page 127.
A block listing of 5,000,000 shares was
undertaken in November 2014 but none
as yet have been issued.
Rights and obligations attaching
to shares
Voting
Subject to the provisions of the Articles and
to any special rights or restrictions as to
voting attached to any class of shares in the
Company (of which there is none), members
will be entitled to vote at a general meeting
as follows:
• On a show of hands, every member
present in person has one vote and every
proxy present who has been duly appointed
by one or more members will have one
vote, except that a proxy has one vote for
and one vote against if the proxy has been
duly appointed by more than one member
and the proxy has been instructed by one
or more members to vote for and by one
or more other members to vote against;
• For this purpose, the Articles provide that,
where a proxy is given discretion as to how
to vote on a show of hands, this will be
treated as an instruction by the relevant
member to vote in the way that the proxy
decides to exercise that discretion; and
• On a poll, every member has one vote per
share held by him, her or it and he, she or
it may vote in person or by one or more
proxies. Where he, she or it appoints more
than one proxy, the proxies appointed by
him, her or it taken together shall not have
more extensive voting rights than the
member could exercise in person.
In the case of joint holders of a share, the vote
of the senior holder who tenders a vote,
whether in person or by proxy, shall be
accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the
other joint holders and, for this purpose,
seniority shall be determined by the order in
which the names stand in the register in
respect of the joint holding.
No member shall be entitled to vote at any
general meeting or class meeting in respect
of any share held by him, her or it if any call
or other sum then payable by him, her or it
in respect of that share remains unpaid or if
a member has been served with a restriction
notice (as defined in the Articles) after failure
to provide the Company with information
concerning interests in those shares required
to be provided under the Companies Act
2006. Currently, all issued shares are
fully paid.
60
Royal Mail plc Voting instructions may be submitted
electronically at www.sharevote.co.uk by
following the online instructions.
Employees allocated Free Shares under the
Employee Free Shares Offer, which are held
in trust by the Trustee of the Royal Mail Share
Incentive Plan, are entitled to exercise any
voting rights in respect of such Free Shares
by instructing the Trustee how to vote on
their behalf.
Deadline for voting rights
Full details of the deadlines for exercising
voting rights in respect of the resolutions
to be considered at the AGM to be held on
23 July 2015 will be set out in the Notice
of Annual General Meeting.
Special rights
There are no persons holding securities that
carry special rights with regard to the control
of the Group.
Transfer of shares
Subject to the Articles, any member may
transfer all or any of his or her certificated
shares by an instrument of transfer in any
usual form or in any other form which the
Board may approve. The instrument of
transfer must be signed by or on behalf of the
transferor and (in the case of a partly-paid
share) the transferee.
The transferor of a share is deemed to remain
the holder until the transferee’s name is
entered in the register.
The Board can decline to register any transfer
of any share which is not a fully paid share.
The Board may also decline to register a
transfer of a certificated share unless the
instrument of transfer:
(i) is duly stamped or certified or otherwise
shown to the satisfaction of the Board
to be exempt from stamp duty and is
accompanied by the relevant share
certificate and such other evidence of the
right to transfer as the Board may
reasonably require;
(ii) is in respect of only one class of share; and
(iii) if to joint transferees, is in favour of not
more than four such transferees.
Registration of a transfer of an uncertificated
share may be refused in the circumstances set
out in the uncertificated securities rules (as
defined in the Articles) and where, in the case
of a transfer to joint holders, the number of
joint holders to whom the uncertificated share
is to be transferred exceeds four.
Authority of the Directors to allot shares
By a resolution passed by shareholders on
24 July 2014, at the AGM, the Directors were
authorised subject to certain limitations to
allot shares in the Company and to grant
rights to subscribe for or to convert any
security into shares in the Company:
(a) up to a nominal amount of £3,333,333;
and
(b) comprising equity securities up to a
nominal amount of £6,666,666 (such
amount to be reduced by any allotments
made under paragraph (a) above) in
connection with an offer by way of a
rights issue;
The authorities conferred on the Directors to
allot securities under paragraph (a) and (b) will
expire on the date of the 2015 AGM or on
31 July 2015, whichever is sooner, (the ‘Expiry
Date’). The Directors will be seeking a new
authority for the Directors to allot shares and
to grant subscription and conversion rights to
ensure that the Directors continue to have the
flexibility to act in the best interests of
shareholders when opportunities arise by
issuing new shares or granting such rights.
The Board was also given authority to allot
equity securities for cash or to sell Ordinary
Shares as treasury shares for cash subject
to certain limitations, such authority to apply
until the Expiry Date.
Purchase of own shares by the Company
By a resolution passed by shareholders on
24 July 2014, at the AGM, the Company was
authorised to purchase up to a maximum
number of 100,000,000 of its Ordinary
Shares pursuant to certain limitations, such
power to apply until the Expiry Date. The
Company did not repurchase any of its
Ordinary Shares during the year ended
29 March 2015.
The Directors require express authorisation
from shareholders to purchase our own
shares. Accordingly, at the 2015 AGM, the
Directors will seek authority to make
market purchases of up to a maximum of
ten per cent of issued share capital. At the
present time the Company has no plans to
exercise this authority.
Employee Benefit Trust
On 18 July 2014, the Board approved a
proposal to establish a discretionary trust with
employees (including Executive Directors of
the Company) as beneficiaries, in the form of
an Employee Benefit Trust (EBT), to hold
Company shares to be used under any equity
based employee benefits scheme. The EBT
was established after the AGM in July 2014.
As at 29 March 2015 a total of 40,935
(2013-14 nil) shares were held by the EBT on
behalf of the Company.
Substantial shareholdings
As at 29 March 2015, the Company had been
notified, in accordance with the Disclosure and
Transparency Rules, of the following interests
amounting to three per cent or more of the
voting rights in the issued ordinary share
capital of the Company:
Shareholder
Postal Services
Holding Company
Ltd
Equiniti Share Plan
Trustees Limited
GIC Private Limited
Number
of shares
% of voting
rights
299,840,000
29.98%
84,437,195
39,343,389
8.44%
3.93%
As at 20 May 2015, the Company had been
notified, in accordance with the Disclosure and
Transparency Rules, of the following interests
amounting to three per cent or more of the
voting rights in the issued ordinary share
capital of the Company:
Shareholder
Postal Services
Holding Company
Ltd
Equiniti Share Plan
Trustees Limited
Number
of shares
% of voting
rights
299,840,000
29.98%
84,437,195
8.44%
Amendment to the Company’s Articles
of Association
Any amendments to the Company’s Articles
may be made in accordance with the
provisions of the Companies Act 2006 by way
of special resolution.
Indemnity of Directors
To the extent permitted by the Companies
Acts, the Company may indemnify any
Director or former Director of the Company or
any associated company against any liability
and may purchase and maintain for any
Director or former Director of the Company
or any associated company insurance against
any liability.
Appointment and replacement
of Directors
Unless otherwise determined by ordinary
resolution of the Company, the Directors
shall be no fewer than two and no more than
15 in number.
61
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Directors’ Report (continued)
Following privatisation, Directors may now
be appointed by the Company by ordinary
resolution or by the Board. There is also an
agreement in place with Postal Services
Holding Company Limited (PSH) which grants
PSH the right to nominate one Non-Executive
Director for appointment to the Board for so
long as PSH (together with its associates) is
entitled to exercise or to control the exercise
of ten per cent or more of the voting rights
exercisable at a general meeting of the
Company.
In accordance with the Code, all Directors
of the Company are subject to annual
re-election.
A Director appointed by the Board or PSH
holds office only until the next AGM and is
then eligible for election by the shareholders.
The Company’s Articles provide that, at each
AGM, all those Directors who have been in
office at the time of the two preceding AGMs
and who did not retire at either of them, or
who have held office with the Company, other
than employment or executive office, for a
continuous period of nine years or more at the
date of the AGM, shall retire from office and
may offer themselves for re-appointment by
shareholders. The Board has, however,
decided to follow the Code as referred to
above so that all Directors are subject to
annual re-election.
In addition to any power of removal conferred
by the Companies Act, the Company may by
special resolution remove any Director before
the expiration of his or her period of office.
Donald Brydon informed the Board in January
2015 of his intention to step down from the
Board but will continue to chair the Board
until at least the 2015 AGM.
John Allan informed the Board in February
2015 of his intention to stand down as a
Non-Executive Director and it was confirmed
on 20 March 2015 that he would resign as
a Non-Executive Director with effect from
30 April 2015.
Directors and their interests
The Directors of the Company during the year
are given on pages 43 – 46. Details of the
interest of the Directors and, where applicable,
their Connected Persons in the Ordinary
Shares of the Company and of Long-Term
Incentive Plan Awards over Ordinary Shares
of the Company are set out in the Directors’
Remuneration Report on pages 64-75.
There are procedures in place to deal with
any conflicts of interest and these have
operated effectively.
62
Powers of the Directors
The business of the Company will be managed
by the Board who may exercise all the powers
of the Company, subject to the provisions of
the Articles, the Companies Act 2006 and any
ordinary resolution of the Company.
The Outsourcing Agreement with CSC
Computer Sciences Limited covers the
provision of a wide range of IT goods and
services and allows for termination of the
agreement by either party on a change of
control of the other in certain circumstances.
The Services Agreement with British
Telecommunications plc (BT) allows BT
to terminate the agreement on a change
of control of Royal Mail to one of BT’s
competitors.
The Syndicated Loan Facility with various
financial institutions provides the Group with
a revolving credit facility for general corporate
and working capital purposes. The agreement
contains provision on a change of control of
the Group for negotiation of the continuation
of the agreement or cancellation by a lender.
The €500 million bond issued by the Company
in July 2014 contains provisions such that, on
a change of control that is combined with a
credit rating downgrade in certain
circumstances, the noteholders may require
the Company to redeem or, at the Company’s
option, purchase the notes for their principal
amount, together with interest accrued to
(but excluding) the date of redemption
or repurchase.
Branches
As a global group, our interests and activities
are held or operated through subsidiaries,
branches, joint arrangements or associates
which are established in, and subject to the laws
and regulations of, many different jurisdictions.
New products and services
In the ordinary course of business the Group
develops new products and services in each of
its business units.
Environmental social and governance risks
The Strategic Report, together with
greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions which are
located on page 40, set out key environmental,
social and governance (ESG) risks faced by
the business.
Directors’ annual bonus and Long-Term
Incentive Plan (LTIP) awards upon a
change in the control of the Company
Upon a change of control of the Company,
share awards under the annual bonus and
vesting under the 2014 LTIP arrangements
could pay out on a pro-rated basis if the
performance conditions have been met.
The performance-testing period would
automatically end on the date of the change in
control. Under the 2011 LTIP arrangements,
awards granted more than 12 months prior
to a change in control would not be pro-rated.
Awards granted less than 12 months prior
to a change in control would typically be
pro-rated, unless the Remuneration
Committee decides otherwise.
Events after the reporting period
On 31 March 2015, after the financial year
end, the Group’s GLS Germany subsidiary
disposed of its 100 per cent owned subsidiary,
DPD Systemlogistik GmbH & Co. KG (DPD SL)
to DPD GeoPost (Deutschland) GmbH. The
disposal resulted in a post-tax profit of
around €40 million (£29 million) which
will be reflected in the Group’s 2015-16
financial statements.
Financial risk management
The Group’s financial risk management
objectives and policies and the main risks
arising from the Group’s financial assets and
liabilities are summarised in note 14 to the
accounts on page 105. See the financial risks
and related hedging contained on page 28 of
the Financial review in the Strategic report.
Change of control
The following agreements contain provisions
permitting exercise of termination or other
rights in the event of a change of control.
The Mails Distribution Agreement with Post
Office Limited provides for the supply of
certain services to the Group and allows for a
request for renegotiation of terms in the event
of a change of control of either party where
such change of control is likely to have a
material adverse effect on the party not
undergoing the change of control.
Royal Mail plc This confirmation is given and should be
interpreted in accordance with the provisions
of section 418 of the Companies Act 2006.
Disclaimer
The purpose of this Annual Report and
Financial Statements is to provide information
to the members of the Company. The Annual
Report and Financial Statements have been
prepared for, and only for, the members of the
Company, as a body, and no other persons.
The Company, its Directors and employees,
agents or advisers, do not accept or assume
responsibility to any other person to whom
this document is shown or into whose hands
it may come and any such responsibility or
liability is expressly disclaimed.
The Annual Report and Financial Statements
contain certain forward-looking statements
with respect to the operations, performance
and financial condition of the Group. By their
nature, these statements involve uncertainty,
since future events and circumstances can
cause results and developments to differ
materially from those anticipated. The
forward-looking statements reflect knowledge
and information available at the date of
preparation of this Annual Report and
Financial Statements and the Company
undertakes no obligation to update these
forward-looking statements. Nothing in this
Annual Report and Financial Statements
should be construed as a profit forecast.
By Order of the Board
Emily Pang
Company Secretary
20 May 2015
Royal Mail plc
100 Victoria Embankment
London
EC4Y OHQ
Company number 08680755
The Board identifies and assesses significant
risks, including those relating to ESG matters,
through the maintenance and review of the
Group Risk Profile. This contains significant
current risks, including ESG risks, which are
identified at an early stage of becoming known
as part of the long-term business perspective.
Emerging risk identification is conducted by
experts in the business and risk management
is owned and managed at the operational
level, supported centrally. An independent
effectiveness review by an independent
external auditor confirmed good links between
the strategy of the Company and currently
identified risks and that appropriate
importance is placed on risk management by
executives within the Group. The Company
maintains a range of policies and procedures
for managing business risks, which include
ESG-related matters.
The Board annually reviews the Company’s
Corporate Responsibility report, which
covers in detail the Group’s non-financial
(ESG) performance. The report is prepared in
alignment with the reporting framework of
the Global Reporting Initiative Index and the
Company’s performance is assessed against
international sustainability indices. The
Company reports progress against corporate
responsibility objectives under five areas:
Customer, People, Community, Suppliers
and Environment. See also pages 36 – 40
for a summary of key corporate
responsibility aspects.
Going concern
These consolidated financial statements
have been prepared on a going concern basis.
The financial performance and position of
the Group, its cash flows and its approach
to capital management are set out in the
Financial review on pages 24 – 30. The Board
has reviewed the Group’s projections for the
next 12 months and the Directors have a
reasonable expectation that the Group has
adequate resources to continue in operational
existence for at least 12 months.
Audit information
The Directors confirm that, so far as they are
aware, there is no relevant audit information
(as defined in section 418 of the Companies
Act 2006) of which the Auditor is unaware
and that each Director has taken all
reasonable steps to make themselves
aware of any relevant audit information and
to establish that the auditor is aware of
that information.
63
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Directors’ remuneration report
Dear Shareholder,
In July 2014 we held our first ever Annual General
Meeting as a Public Listed Company, and I was pleased
that our new Remuneration Policy won overwhelming
shareholder support in a binding vote, and that our
Annual Implementation Report on remuneration won
a similar level of support in the advisory vote.
Orna Ni-Chionna
Chair, Remuneration Committee
The past year has been challenging in many
respects but the team delivered a substantial
increase in adjusted operating profit before
transformation costs, to £740 million.
In addition:
• We have maintained our leading position
in the competitive UK delivery market;
• We have introduced around 30 new
projects, including new services, products
and promotions to improve our customer
offering;
• A reduction of one per cent was delivered
in UKPIL operating costs before
transformation costs, ahead of our
expectations;
• Free cash flow increased to £453 million
from £398 million; and
• We met our regulatory Quality of Service
standard for First Class mail, and exceeded
our target for Second Class mail.
Annual bonus and Long-Term Incentive
Plan (LTIP) awards for 2014-15
Our Company’s good performance resulted
in payouts on both our annual bonus and
our LTIP award, in accordance with our
remuneration policy. This policy aims to
reward stretching performance, which
generates sustainable and improving
returns for our shareholders.
Annual bonus
Our performance in 2014-15 resulted in
the achievement of a high score against the
financial, people and customer targets in our
Corporate Balanced Scorecard, which make
up 80 per cent of the potential annual bonus.
Performance against personal objectives,
which are set by the Committee and represent
20 per cent of the potential bonus, was
also high.
This resulted in a bonus of 79 per cent of
salary for our Chief Executive Officer (CEO),
Moya Greene; and 79 per cent of salary for
our Chief Finance Officer (CFO), Matthew
Lester. More detail about the annual bonus
targets and performance against specific KPIs
is given on page 70.
64
LTIP
During 2014-15, the Company achieved the
stretching performance targets that were set
in 2012 for Operating Profits and Return on
Total Assets as part of the LTIP. As a result,
100 per cent of the 2012 LTIP vested for each
of the two Executive Directors, equivalent to
70 per cent of salary. The Committee had
no reason to use its discretion to reduce the
award. More details of the LTIP payout can
be found on page 71.
Actions Taken within the Policy
In my letter to you last year, I referred to
the fact that our business was facing many
significant challenges. Responding to those
challenges was requiring the transformation
of almost everything that the Company does.
In fact the pace of market change has
intensified in our parcels business, and as
described elsewhere in this Remuneration
Report, the management team has therefore
accelerated the pace of implementation
of operational and technical change while
devising strategic moves that aim to deliver
continued success in the future.
With this fast changing Company and fast
changing market environment as context,
the Committee considered carefully whether
any element of our remuneration policy,
or its overall design, should be changed for
2015-16. We decided not to propose
any changes to the overall design of our
remuneration this year. We will keep our
policy under review and we reserve the option
of making changes next year, if we deem that
to be necessary. We would of course have to
put any change in remuneration policy to
you as a shareholder for your approval.
However, I would like to mention a few actions
that we decided to take within the framework
of the current policy:
1. We increased the salary of our CEO by
10 per cent, effective from 1 January
2015. In our view, her role has expanded
substantially in complexity since 2010 and
in particular since we became a public
company; and she had received no increase
of any sort in her salary since joining the
company in July 2010, i.e. almost five
years ago. Even after this increase, her
salary and potential pay remains well
below typical levels in companies of
comparable size and complexity. During
that time the majority of our postmen and
postwomen have seen salary increases
totalling slightly more than this percentage.
2. We are introducing additional measures
within the Corporate Balanced Scorecard
for our Executive Directors. The thinking
behind this move is that we are keen to
align the annual bonus more closely with
the long-term objectives of the company
and we believe that having a greater
proportion of strategic measures will go
some way to achieving this. The potential
value of the annual bonus will not change.
More detail is given on page 65.
3. We have introduced clawback clauses to
our policies, formalising and simplifying
the Committee’s ability to take back bonus
payments were circumstances to come
to light that would warrant such a move.
The remainder of this Remuneration Report
has been written in accordance with the new
regulations that came into force last year.
I hope that you will feel able to support the
Implementation Report this year. I look
forward to continued dialogue with you
over the coming years.
Orna Ni-Chionna
Chair, Remuneration Committee
Royal Mail plc
Summary of our Policy and its application
What is our Remuneration Policy for Executive Directors and how have we applied it?
In the table below we have summarised the relevant parts of the approved Remuneration Policy, how it has been implemented for 2014-15 and
how it will be implemented for 2015-16.
Element
Summary of Policy
Implementation in 2014-15
Implementation in 2015-16
Base salary
Salary levels for the Executive
Directors are normally reviewed
annually.
The Committee takes into account
factors such as: the performance
of the Company, the performance
and experience of the individual,
any changes in role or
responsibility, assessment against
relevant comparator groups,
internal relativities and the level of
increase being offered to our
frontline employees. The
Committee will consider these
factors to determine the maximum
amount that would be paid in base
salary for an Executive Director.
Moya Greene’s salary was
£498,000 from 1 April 2014
before being changed on 1 January
2015, having been unchanged
since joining in July 2010, to the
new salary rate of £547,800
(actual salary paid in the year was
£510,450).
Matthew Lester’s salary increased
by six per cent to £454,065 from
1 April 2014. This increase was
consistent with the salary increase
given to our frontline employees
for 2013 and 2014.
Moya Greene’s salary increased to £547,800, an increase of 10 per cent
(effective 1 January 2015). Matthew Lester’s salary remains unchanged.
When reviewing the salaries the Committee took into account the factors
set out in the adjacent column.
Prior to this increase, Moya Greene’s salary has not changed since her
appointment to the Company in July 2010. Over this period*, our frontline
employees have received an average salary increase of 11 per cent, as
shown in the table below:
% increase in
salary
Moya Greene
Matthew
Lester
Average
employee
2015-16 2014-15 2013-14 2012-13 2011-12 2010-11
10**
0
2.8
0
6
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
3.0
3.0
3.5
1.4
2.0
* Increase over the period July 2010 – January 2015
** No further changes will be made to her salary in the 2015-16 financial
year.
In line with policy.
No change.
Benefits
Provision of a company car and
health insurance, or the cash
equivalent of any benefits not
taken.
Under her contract, Moya Greene
is entitled to two return flights to
Canada each year, financial advice
and use of a driver for
business-related travel.
Pension
Company contribution to a defined
contribution pension scheme and/
or a cash supplement (in lieu of
pension).
£200,000 per annum cash
allowance for the CEO.
40 per cent of salary cash
allowance for the CFO.
No change.
Annual bonus
Maximum award level of 100 per
cent of salary.
• 80 per cent based on financial,
efficiency, people and customer
targets, and strategic objectives
as set out in the Corporate
Balanced Scorecard and
reviewed annually.
• 20 per cent based on the
achievement of challenging
personal objectives.
A minimum level of operating profit
must be achieved before any bonus
is payable to an Executive Director.
Clawback provisions have been
included in the annual bonus.
60 per cent of the maximum bonus
will be earned for strong
performance and 100 per cent for
maximum performance which is
unchanged from the previous year.
Forward-looking targets and
weightings are deemed to be
commercially sensitive but will be
disclosed retrospectively in next
year’s report.
The Corporate Balanced Scorecard
comprised:
• 25 per cent financial targets;
• 25 per cent customer targets;
• 25 per cent people-related
targets; and
• 25 per cent performance
targets.
More details on the targets and the
extent to which they are met are
set out on page 70.
The Corporate Balanced Scorecard for Executive Directors will comprise:
30 per cent financial and efficiency targets
– Productivity
– UKPIL people costs
– UKPIL non-people costs
– Group revenue
– Group operating profit before transformation costs
– Group free cashflow
15 per cent customer targets
– First Class quality of service
– Parcels quality of service
– Business customer satisfaction
– Complaints
15 per cent people-related targets
– Accident rate
– Sick absence
– Employee engagement
– Employee customer focus
40 per cent strategy objectives
This increases focus on the linkage between the short-term and long-term
objectives of the Company. It will include achieving progress on the culture
change initiative, changing the Company’s product mix and building our
capacity to move at speed in response to the changing marketplace.
65
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Directors’ remuneration report (continued)
Element
Summary of Policy
Implementation in 2014-15
Implementation in 2015-16
LTIP
Maximum award level of 98 per
cent of salary.
Performance measures and/or
weightings will reflect the business
strategy at the time, and are
measured over three years.
Malus and clawback provisions
are included in the LTIP.
For the awards granted in 2014
the measures are as set out in the
adjacent column.
The details of the targets and their
level of satisfaction for the 2012
LTIP award are provided on
page 67.
For the awards granted in 2015 the measures will remain the same as for
the 2014 award (see below):
Measure
Weighting
Vesting (% of award)
Threshold
Maximum
EPS*
Operating profit margin
before transformation
costs**
Total shareholder return
versus a comparator group
50
35
15
12.5
8.75
7.5
50
35
15
* The EPS range will be disclosed prior to the 2015 AGM. The LTIP 2015
grant of awards will take place after the AGM.
** The targets set for the operating profit margin performance condition are
considered by the Board to be commercially sensitive. However, they will
be disclosed retrospectively at the end of the performance period.
The relative TSR performance target will compare the Company’s TSR
against other companies in the FTSE 100 index (excluding mining and
financial companies). If Royal Mail’s TSR performance is ranked at the middle
of the group, 7.5 per cent of the total award will vest, increasing to full
vesting (15 per cent of the total award) if performance is in the top quartile
of the group.
Shareholding
requirement
100 per cent of salary.
Executive Directors are expected to keep any shares they already own and 50 per cent of any shares released under the LTIP (after selling sufficient
shares to meet any associated tax obligation) until this is achieved.
Our Remuneration Policy received a shareholder vote of 97 per cent in favour at the 2014 AGM. The full Remuneration Policy is set out on our
website www.royalmailgroup.com.
66
Royal Mail plc What did the Executive Directors earn for the 2014-15 financial year?
The single figure of remuneration for Moya Greene was £1,522,248. For Matthew Lester it was £1,310,611.
A full breakdown is set out on page 69.
How does this compare to our policy?
The following charts show the single figure of remuneration for the Executive Directors against the remuneration policy scenarios applying for 2014-15
(£’000)
2,000
1,750
1,500
1,250
1,000
750
500
250
0
£1,861
29%
£1,522
29%
23%
28%
£1,489
26%
22%
£777
100%
52%
42%
49%
Minimum On-target Maximum
Actual
Single
Figure
£1,550
29%
29%
42%
£1,241
26%
22%
52%
£651
100%
Minimum On-target Maximum
£1,311
23%
27%
50%
Actual
Single
Figure
Chief Executive Officer (Moya Greene)
Chief Finance Officer (Matthew Lester)
Fixed pay only
Annual bonus (STIP)
Long-term incentive plan (LTIP)
Assumptions are as set out in the approved Remuneration Policy.
What performance was achieved under the incentives in 2014-15?
A summary of the annual bonus outcomes for the 2014-15 year is set out below. More details on targets and outcomes are given on page 70.
Corporate Balanced Scorecard (80%)
People (20%)
Performance (20%)
Personal (20%)
Above target
Safety
Above target
Group revenue
Above threshold Moya Greene:
Financial (20%)
Total UK costs
Stretch
Target
Group operating
profit, before
transformation
costs
Customer (20%)
First Class Quality
of Service
Mean business
customer
satisfaction
Stretch
Employee
engagement
Stretch
Free cash flow
Above target
Customer
complaints
Above target
Customer focus Threshold
61.5% out of 80%
Total award:
Above target
Productivity for
collections,
processing and
delivery
Composite parcels
quality of service
Above threshold
17.5%
Matthew Lester:
17.5%
Mark Higson:
9.6%
Moya Greene: £432,762, 79.0% of salary
Matthew Lester: £358,711, 79.0% of salary
Mark Higson: £79,663, 58.8% of salary*
* Mark Higson stood down from the Board and left the Company on 24 July 2014. He was eligible to be considered for a pro rata bonus for 2014-15, covering the period from 1 April 2014
up to 24 July 2014
The outcome of the 2012 LTIP award is set out below. More details on targets and outcomes are given on page 71.
Measure
Operating Profit before
transformation costs
ROTA
Target*
Outcome*
% of target
achieved
2014-15 LTIP
vesting (%)
Resulting cash awards
Moya Greene Matthew Lester
Mark Higson
£679 million
£682 million
22.7%
23.4%
100
103
100 (equivalent
to 70 of salary).
£350,140
£300,924
£225,956
* Operating profit is based on reported operating profit adapted to adjustments approved by the Remuneration Committee. These adjustments were in respect of the change from the
current pension rate to that embedded in the 2013 Business Plan and the impact of foreign exchange movements. The Remuneration Committee decided that these adjustments
were required in order to determine the true comparative operating profit for the purposes of the LTIP
How many shares and rights to shares do our Executive Directors hold?
Executive Director
Interest in shares
Moya Greene
Matthew Lester
Mark Higson*
* At as 24 July 2014
3,759
3,759
3,643
Interest in shares as a %
of salary
3
4
4
Maximum scheme
interests unvested
200,589
178,065
79,342
Total potential interests
204,348
181,824
82,985
Total potential interests
as a % of salary
165
177
86
67
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Directors’ remuneration report (continued)
As part of the IPO, Executive Directors were restricted in the number of shares they could purchase in the Employee Priority Offer (Maximum
£10,000). No LTIP awards have vested in shares. The first time an LTIP may vest in shares is in 2016 (subject to the performance criteria being
met) and therefore the Executive Directors in time will be able to build up the required shareholding.
f
o
%
5
6
1
(
)
y
r
a
a
s
l
f
o
%
7
7
1
(
)
y
r
a
a
s
l
e
n
e
e
r
G
a
y
o
M
r
e
t
s
e
L
w
e
h
t
t
a
M
Shareholding requirement
Value of beneficially owned shares
Value of/gain of interests over shares
(i.e. unvested/unexercised awards)
Shareholding requirement
Value of beneficially owned shares
Value of/gain on interests over shares
(i.e. unvested/unexercised awards)
0%
20%
40%
60%
80%
100%
120%
140%
160%
180%
% of salary
Executive Directors are expected to build up a shareholding equivalent to 100 per cent of their salary.
What are the Executive Directors’ terms of employment?
The Executive Directors are employed under service contracts. The dates of these contracts are:
Date of Contract
Notice Period (months)
Moya Greene
Matthew Lester
15 July 2010
24 November 2010
12
12
The contracts have an indefinite term that may be terminated by the Executive Directors with six months’ written notice. The Company can
terminate contracts with 12 months’ notice. Copies of the Executive Directors’ service contracts are available for inspection at the
Company’s AGM.
Moya Greene’s contract dates from her appointment to the Company in 2010. As disclosed in the Prospectus, her contract may be terminated
immediately by the Company. Unless the Company terminates the contract due to gross misconduct or a material breach of the obligations
under the service contract, it would be required to make a payment equalling 12 months’ base salary and an annual bonus referable to the
12 month period in which the termination occurs. The assessment of the annual bonus award would be made in line with normal practice
for determining bonuses.
What are the terms of appointment for the Chairman and Non-Executive Directors?
The Non-Executive Directors (including the Chairman) are appointed by rolling letters of appointment. The Non-Executive Directors are
appointed for up to three years, subject to annual review and re-election. One month’s notice is required by either party (four months’ notice
in the case of the Chairman). The dates of the Chairman’s and Non-Executive Directors’ letters of appointment are set out in the table below.
Donald Brydon
John Allan
Jan Babiak
Nick Horler
Cath Keers
Paul Murray
Orna Ni-Chionna
Les Owen
Date of Contract
20 September 2013
20 September 2013
20 September 2013
20 September 2013
20 September 2013
20 September 2013
20 September 2013
20 September 2013
Unexpired Term (months)
16
Resigned 30 April 2015
Resigned 29 April 2014
16
16
16
16
16
All the Non-Executive Directors (including the Chairman) were appointed in 2013 for an initial term commencing on 20 September 2013 until
the conclusion of the 2016 AGM approximately three years later.
The Company follows the UK Corporate Governance Code’s recommendation that all directors of FTSE 350 companies be subject to annual
re-appointment by shareholders.
68
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report on Remuneration
This part of the Directors’ Remuneration Report sets out details on how the remuneration policy has been applied for 2014-15. Detailed
information about the Directors’ remuneration, set out below and on pages 69 – 75 has been audited by the Company’s independent auditors,
Ernst & Young LLP.
What did the Directors earn for the 2014-15 financial year? (Audited)
The single remuneration figure table below sets out the remuneration received by the Directors for 2014-15 (or for performance periods ending
in 2014-15 in respect of the LTIP) and, for the purposes of comparison, for 2013-14.
£’000
Salary/Fees
Benefits1
Short-Term
Incentive Plan2
Long-Term
Incentive Plan3
Pension
Other
Total
2015
2014
2015
2014
2015
2014
2015
2014
2015
2014
2015
2014
2015
2014
Chairman
Donald Brydon
Executive Directors
Moya Greene
Mark Higson
Matthew Lester
Non-Executive Directors6
John Allan7
Jan Babiak8
Nick Horler
Cath Keers
Paul Murray
Orna Ni-Chionna
Les Owen
210
200
510
135
454
498
428
428
45
3
45
45
60
70
55
40
40
40
40
50
60
40
-
29
5
15
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
29
15
15
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
210
200
433
80
359
385
245
328
350
226
301
488
420
419
200
54
182
200
171
171
3165
(250)4 1,522 1,350
-
816 1,279
- 1,311 1,361
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
45
3
45
45
60
70
55
40
40
40
40
50
60
40
Total
1,632 1,864
49
59
871
958
877 1,327
436
542
316
(250) 4,182 4,500
1 Benefits include medical insurance and car allowance. The figure for Moya Greene also includes return flights to Canada
2 Bonuses are determined based on the salary as at 1 January 2015 in line with the Company’s policy for all staff who are eligible for a bonus. See page 70 for details on bonus
outcomes for the year being reported on and the calculation of the bonus included in the single total figure of remuneration. All bonus payments are made in cash
3 The current year figure relates to the 2012 LTIP award. The prior year figure relates to the 2011 LTIP award, which was based on performance to 30 March 2014. See page 71
for details of the LTIP value included in the single total figure of remuneration
4 The figure for Moya Greene relates to a relocation payment. As previously disclosed, Moya Greene voluntarily offered to return the amount she received from this assistance.
It was confirmed in Royal Mail’s Prospectus (September 2013) that Royal Mail has received payment for the after tax amount and an additional amount representing an
independent professional estimate of the unrealised gain associated with the assistance received
5 The payment in lieu of notice of £292,509 plus unused annual leave of £23,891. Details of the payment to Mark Higson are set out in full on page 72
6 The Board decided to review the fees of the Non-Executive Directors this year in line with current practice (with the Remuneration Committee reviewing the Chairman’s fees).
The Board and the Remuneration Committee felt that it was appropriate, now that the Company has been listed for a reasonable period, to review the actual workload of the
Non-Executive Directors and Chairman given the Company’s profile and the challenges internally and externally that it faces. The result of the reviews was that the fees for the
Chairman were increased by 9.5 per cent to £230,000, and for the remainder of the Non-Executive Directors by 11.1 per cent to £50,000. These increases took effect from
1 April 2015. The Board and the Remuneration Committee benchmarked the resulting fee levels to ensure that they were in line with shareholder approved Policy
7 John Allan resigned on 30 April 2015
8 Jan Babiak resigned on 29 April 2014
69
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Directors’ remuneration report (continued)
How was the pay in the above table linked to performance in 2014-15?
A) Annual bonus
Annual bonus performance is measured over a single financial year against a range of financial and non-financial targets, as set out in the
Corporate Balanced Scorecard, and against personal objectives. The maximum bonus opportunity for the CEO and CFO was 100 per cent
of salary.
The table below contains a summary of the corporate metrics under the Corporate Balanced Scorecard, which are used to determine 80 per cent
of the bonus award for the CEO and CFO.
% of scorecard
Weighting Measure
Target
Actual
Achievement
Outcome
Financial (25%)*
Customer (25%)
People (25%)
Performance (25%)
5%
Total UK costs (£m)
7,434
7,275
Stretch
10%
10%
10%
10%
5%
10%
10%
5%
10%
10%
5%
Group operating profit before
transformation costs (£m)
Free cash flow (£m)
First Class Quality of Service (%)
Mean business customer satisfaction
620
300
93.0
75
620
353
93.1
76
Target
Above Target
Above Target
Stretch
Customer complaints (’000)
460.0
445.5
Above Target
Safety
Employee engagement
Customer focus
Group revenue* (£m)
0.69
55
70
0.67
56
69
Above Target
Stretch
Threshold
9,685
9,556
Above threshold
Productivity for collections, processing and
delivery (%)
Composite parcels quality of service (%)
2.2
95.3
2.5
95.0
Above Target
Above threshold
Total
As a % of the award
100%
80%
8.3%
10.0%
15.8%
11.3%
16.7%
7.4%
14.4%
16.7%
2.5%
6.7%
14.0%
4.3%
128.2%
61.5%
* Financial targets and actuals are based on reported results subject to adjustments approved by the Remuneration Committee. Group revenue and Group operating profit before
transformation costs are adjusted for foreign exchange movements. Free cash flow excludes net cash flows from the London property portfolio
A minimum level of operating profit before transformation costs and
other specific items must be achieved before an Executive Director
becomes eligible for a payment. For the year in question this minimum
profit level was £520 million: actual profit achieved was £620 million.
20 per cent of the annual bonus is based on specific personal targets,
which are set at the start of the year and are based on each Executive
Director’s area of responsibility. Personal targets for the CEO included
specific objectives relating to implementing strategic and operational
changes, execution of an appropriate real estate strategy, delivering the
Company’s obligations under the 2014 Agenda for Growth agreement
with the CWU, increasing the pace of change in UKPIL, and identifying
and developing significant new revenue opportunities. Personal targets
for the CFO included specific objectives relating to the strategic and
financial objectives, identifying and implementing revenue opportunities
to support the future top line and improving the clarity of value drivers
for GLS.
Performance against these objectives was reviewed by the Committee
and the resulting aggregate annual bonus awards for 2014-15 were
as follows:
• Moya Greene: £432,762, 79.0 per cent of salary
• Matthew Lester: £358,711, 79.0 per cent of salary
• Mark Higson**: £79,663, 58.8 per cent of salary
** Salary pro-rated to leaving date of 24 July 2014
70
Royal Mail plc B) Long-Term Incentive Plan (LTIP)
The 2012 LTIP grant was a cash award, based on performance over three financial years to 29 March 2015. It was subject to two performance
conditions.
The primary metric was operating profit before transformation costs:
Operating profit performance in the final year of the performance period
Proportion of target award vesting
Less than 70 per cent of target
70 per cent to 80 per cent of target
80 per cent to 100 per cent of target
100 per cent to 120 per cent of target
More than 120 per cent of target
0 per cent
0 per cent to 80 per cent vesting on a straight-line sliding scale
80 per cent to 100 per cent vesting on a straight-line sliding scale
100 per cent to 140 per cent vesting on a straight-line sliding scale
140 per cent vesting (i.e. a maximum of 98 per cent of salary)
The secondary metric was a downwards-only adjustment based on ROTA targets:
ROTA performance over the performance period
Less than 75 per cent of target
75 per cent to 90 per cent of target
Adjustment
Award lapses
50 per cent reduction in the level of vesting achieved under the
operating profit performance condition
More than 90 per cent of target
None
The outcome of the 2012 award was as follows:
Measure
Target*
Outcome*
% of target
achieved
2014-15 LTIP vesting
Resulting cash awards
Moya Greene Matthew Lester
Operating profit before transformation costs
ROTA
£679m
22.7%
£682m
23.4%
100
103
100%
(equivalent to 70% of salary).
£350,140
£300,924
* Operating profit is based on reported operating profit adapted to adjustments approved by the Remuneration Committee. These adjustments were in respect of the change from the
current pension rate to that embedded in the 2013 Business Plan and the impact of foreign exchange movements. The Remuneration Committee decided that these adjustments
were required in order to determine the true comparative operating profit for the purposes of the LTIP
The 2014 LTIP share awards were granted on 24 July 2014 and are subject to the following performance conditions:
Measure
Weighting (%)
Target
Threshold
Maximum
Vesting (% of
award)
Target
Vesting (% of
award)
EPS*
Operating profit margin before transformation costs**
Total shareholder return versus FTSE100 (excluding
mining and financial companies)
50
35
15
9% CAGR
–
Median
12.5
8.75
7.5
21% CAGR
–
Top Quartile
50
35
15
* The base EPS is the notional EPS excluding specific items for the 2013-14 financial year of 26.3 pence
** The precise figures are deemed to be commercially sensitive but will be disclosed on vesting of the award
What previous LTIP awards remain outstanding at the year end? (Audited)
The table below sets out details of the LTIP awards outstanding at the year end.
Moya Greene
Matthew Lester
Maximum value
of award at
grant
(% salary)
Maximum value
of award at
grant (£’000)
% vesting at
threshold
performance
(% salary)
Type
Final year of
performance
period
LTIP (rights)*
LTIP (shares)
LTIP (rights)*
LTIP (shares)
98
98
98
98
488
488
419
445
0
28
0
28
2015-16
2016-17
2015-16
2016-17
Year
2013
2014
2013
2014
Number of
shares
92,232
108,357
79,268
98,797
* 2013 LTIP awards were converted into conditional rights to acquire Ordinary Shares on 19 December 2013
The 2013 LTIP cash awards are subject to the same performance conditions and sliding scale of targets as the 2012 award. The precise
operating profit and ROTA figures are deemed to be commercially sensitive. However, full details of the targets and performance achieved against
them will be disclosed on vesting of the award.
71
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Directors’ remuneration report (continued)
Have any payments been made to past Directors in the year? (Audited)
No payments have been made to past Directors of Royal Mail plc during the year.
What about payments for Loss of Office? (Audited)
As stated in the Annual Report and Financial Statements 2013-14, Mark Higson stood down from the Board and ceased employment with
the Company with effect from the end of our AGM on 24 July 2014.
In connection with the termination of his employment, Mark received:
Payment in lieu of notice
In line with Mark’s contractual entitlement, the Company made a payment in lieu of notice for the period 25 July 2014 – 29 March 2015.
The total payment was for £292,509. In addition Mark was entitled to receive a payment of £23,891, in respect of unused annual leave.
The payments were calculated as set out in the table below:
Element
Salary
Pension
Method of calculation
Eight months and six days pay
Ceased at termination
Unused Annual Leave
14.5 days paid in lieu
Amount
£292,509
£0
£23,891
2015 Annual bonus payment
Mark was also eligible for a pro rata bonus for 2014-15, covering the period from 1 April 2014 up to 24 July 2014. The total payment in respect
of the annual bonus will be £79,663. See page 70 for further details of the satisfaction of the bonus targets.
The payment was calculated as follows:-
Base Salary (£428,400) x Corporate + Personal Bonus as a percentage of salary (58.8%) x Proportion of Financial Year in role (31.6%) = £79,663.
Long-Term Incentive Plan
As Mark is a good leaver, as defined in the LTIP rules, awards allocated to Mark in 2012 and 2013 under the Royal Mail LTIP will be released to
him on the normal vesting dates in 2015 and 2016 respectively, subject to the LTIP performance targets having been achieved. The award will
be reduced pro rata, to reflect the proportion of the performance period when Mark was in role. Details of the 2012 award are included in the
LTIP section on page 67.
The following table sets out further details regarding the 2013 award:
Award
2013
Number of shares subject to
the award
Proportion of performance
period completed in role
Maximum number of shares
capable of release
Maximum value of shares
capable of release*
79,342
44%
35,263
£55,862
* Valued using the share price on 27 March 2015 of £4.42
The number of these shares actually released will be based on the level of the satisfaction of the performance conditions at the normal release
date.
In respect of the 2012 LTIP award the performance period finished at the year end of 29 March 2015. The level of the satisfaction of the
performance conditions (see page 67) was 70 per cent.
Benefits
Mark benefited from private medical cover for the period of his notice. In addition the Company will make a contribution to the outplacement
fees incurred by Mark up to the value of £50,000 plus VAT.
72
Royal Mail plc
What is the current shareholding of the
Board? (Audited)
This table sets out details of the shareholdings
of the Executive and Non-Executive Directors
as at 29 March 2015 There has been no
change in the Directors’ interests in the
ordinary share capital of the Company
between 29 March and 20 May 2015.
Interest in
shares
Interest in
shares as a
% salary
Maximum
scheme
interests
unvested
Total
potential
interests
Total
potential
interests as
a % salary
Chairman
Donald Brydon
Executive Directors
Moya Greene
Matthew Lester
Mark Higson*
Non-Executive Directors
John Allan
Jan Babiak**
Nick Horler
Cath Keers
Paul Murray
Orna Ni-Chionna
Les Owen
* As at 24 July 2014
** Resigned on 29 April 2014
15,530
3,759
3,759
3,643
3,257
3,030
3,173
3,030
15,477
3,173
3,030
–
3
4
4
-
-
-
-
-
-
–
–
–
200,589
178,065
79,342
204,348
181,824
82,985
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
165
177
86
-
-
-
-
-
How does TSR compare to that of other
similar companies?
This graph shows the cumulative Total
Shareholder Return of the Group since IPO
relative to the FTSE 100 Index. The FTSE
100 Index has been chosen for comparison as
the Company is a constituent of the Index and
it provides a benchmark of the performance
of other large UK listed companies.
200
180
160
140
120
100
80
60
)
d
e
s
a
b
e
R
(
n
r
u
t
e
R
r
e
d
o
h
e
r
a
h
S
l
l
a
t
o
T
10-Oct-13
31-Mar-14
31-Mar-15
This graph shows the value, by 31 March 2015, of £100 invested in Royal Mail on 10 October 2013,
compared with the value of £100 invested in the FTSE 100 Index.
Royal Mail plc
FTSE 100 Index
Source: Datastream (Thomson Reuters)
How much does Royal Mail spend on pay?
This table shows the Group’s actual spend on
pay (for all employees) relative to dividends,
revenue and operating profits.
We have chosen to include revenue as this
measure represents the amount of money the
company received during the year and
provides a clear illustration of the ratio of our
people costs to our income.
m
£
’
10,000
9,000
8,000
7,000
6,000
5,000
4,000
3,000
2,000
1,000
0
2014-15
2013-14
2014-15
2013-14
2014-15
2014-15
2014-15
2013-14
Revenue
Adjusted People Costs
Adjusted Operating Profits
Declared Dividends
73
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Directors’ remuneration report (continued)
What has the pay for the Chief Executive been over the last six years?
The total remuneration figure for the Chief Executive Officer over the last six financial years is shown in the table below. The annual bonus pay
out and LTIP vesting level as a percentage of the maximum opportunity is also shown.
Remuneration of the
Chief Executive Officer
Adam Crozier
Moya Greene*
2009-10
2010-11
2010-11
2011-12
2012-13
2013-14
2014-15
Total Remuneration (£’000)
858
2,428
STIP award as % maximum
LTIP award as % maximum
*Moya Greene joined in July 2010
–
-
–
100%
778
41%
-
1,107
1,962
1,360
1,522
74%
-
80%
100%
77%
100%
85%
69%
How does the change in the Chief Executive Officer’s pay compare to that for Royal Mail employees?
The table below shows the percentage change in the Chief Executive Officer’s salary, benefits and annual bonus between 2013-14 and 2014-15,
compared with that for the average employee of the Group. The population used to obtain the average salary is the frontline employee salary.
Salary
Benefits
STIP
Moya Greene
Average Employee1
2014-15
£547,8002
£29,000
£432,762
2013-14
% Change
£498,000
£29,000
£385,000
10
–
12
2014-15
£24,307
–
£3,486
2013-14
£23,585
–
£3,132
% Change
3
–
11
1 The population used to obtain the average salary is the frontline employee salary. The population used to obtain the average employee STIP is the full STIP-eligible population
2 The new salary came into effect from 1 January 2015. The actual salary paid to the CEO in the year was £510,450
Do the Executive Directors receive fees
from external appointments?
The Executive Directors are entitled to receive
fees from external appointments. Moya
Greene was a Non-Executive Director at
Tim Hortons Inc and received fees of £45,573
(Sterling equivalent) for the last reported
financial year. Moya Greene ceased to be a
Non-Executive Director of Tim Hortons Inc
in December 2014. She joined the Board of
Great-West Lifeco Inc. as a Non-Executive
Director with effect from 7 May 2015.
Great-West Lifeco Inc. is listed on the
Toronto Stock Exchange. Matthew Lester is a
Non-Executive Director at Man Group plc and
received fees of £95,000 for the last reported
financial year.
Composition of the committee, advice
received and response to changes to the
corporate governance code
The members of the Committee during the
last financial year were: Orna Ni-Chionna
(Chair); Donald Brydon; Jan Babiak; Paul
Murray; and Les Owen. Jan Babiak resigned
as a Non-Executive Director on 29 April 2014,
and ceased to be a Committee member.
The Committee takes information and advice
from inside and outside the Group. Internal
support was provided by the Group HR
Director (supported by other members of
the HR department as appropriate) and the
Company Secretary. The Chief Executive
Officer was invited to attend meetings where
appropriate. No individual was present when
matters relating to his or her own
remuneration were discussed.
Following a competitive tender process, PwC
was appointed by the Committee in October
2014 to act as its independent adviser. Prior
to the appointment of PwC, New Bridge
Street (NBS) was the Committee’s
independent adviser. The total fees paid in
respect of services to the Committee were
as follows:
NBS – April to October
£94,707
PwC – October to March
£127,000
NBS and PwC are signatories to the
Remuneration Consultants Code of Conduct
and reported directly to the chair of the
Committee. The Chair of the Committee
meets regularly with its advisers without
Management present. The Committee is
satisfied that the advice it receives is objective
and independent.
The Committee is comfortable that the way
we implement Policy is in line with the new
UK Corporate Governance Code (applying
for financial years beginning on or after
1 October 2014). The following table sets
out the key elements of the revised Code
and how implementation of the Company’s
remuneration policy for Executive Directors
is in line with this:
74
Royal Mail plc Code Provision
Company Remuneration Policy
Executive Directors’ remuneration should be
designed to promote the long-term success
of the Company.
Schemes should include provisions that
would enable the company to recover sums
paid or withhold the payment of any sum,
and specify the circumstances in which it
would be appropriate to do so.
For share-based remuneration, the
Remuneration Committee should consider
requiring directors to hold a minimum number
of shares and to hold shares for a further
period after vesting or exercise, including for
a period after leaving the company, subject to
the need to finance any costs of acquisition
and associated tax liabilities.
The Company operates:
• the LTIP which provides shares subject to performance at the end of a three year performance
period; and
• a minimum shareholding requirement for its Executive Directors of 100% of salary.
It is the Committee’s view that the combination of the LTIP and shareholding requirement
provides a holistic approach to ensuring Executive Directors are focused on the long-term success
of the Company.
The Annual Bonus and LTIP includes malus and clawback provisions. The circumstances in which
malus and clawback could apply are as follows:
• discovery of a material misstatement resulting in an adjustment in the audited consolidated
accounts of the Company;
• the assessment of any performance target or condition in respect of an award was based on
error, or inaccurate or misleading information;
• the discovery that any information used to determine the cash subject to a bonus and number
of shares subject to an award was based on error, or inaccurate or misleading information;
• action or conduct of a participant which, in the reasonable opinion of the Board amounts to
fraud or gross misconduct.
For the Annual Bonus, malus will apply to the date of the bonus determination and clawback will
apply for three years from the date of the bonus determination. For the LTIP malus will apply to
the date of vesting and clawback for three years from the date of vesting.
The Committee believes that the rules of the Plans provide sufficient powers to enforce malus
and clawback if required.
The policy contains a minimum shareholding requirement for Executive Directors of 100% of
salary. The Committee does not feel at this point taking into account the levels and the basis on
which the Company pays its Executive Directors that there is a current requirement to include
holding periods. However, the Committee will review the position on an annual basis.
VOTING BY SHAREHOLDERS ON LAST YEAR’S REMUNERATION REPORT
The table below shows the advisory vote on the 2013-14 Remuneration Report at the 2014 AGM.
Number of votes cast
609,567,259
For
607,734,557
99.70%
Against
1,832,702
0.30%
The table below shows the binding vote on the 2013-14 Remuneration Policy at the 2014 AGM.
Number of votes cast
610,900,442
For
589,564,599
96.51%
Against
21,335,843
3.49%
Withheld
7,761,617
Withheld
6,422,408
The Committee believes that this very strong level of support from shareholders on the Policy and its implementation means no changes are
currently required to the Policy operated by the Company.
Approved by the Board on 20 May and signed by
Orna Ni-Chionna
Chair, Remuneration Committee
75
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Consolidated financial statements
Consolidated financial statements
Consolidated income statement1
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income1
Consolidated statement of cash flows1
Consolidated income statement1
Consolidated balance sheet2
Consolidated statement of comprehensive income1
Consolidated statement of changes in equity1
Consolidated statement of cash flows1
Consolidated balance sheet2
Core notes to the consolidated financial statements
Consolidated statement of changes in equity1
1. Basis of preparation
2. Segment information
Core notes to the consolidated financial statements
3. Transformation costs
1. Basis of preparation
4. Specific items
2. Segment information
5. Net finance costs and net debt
3. Transformation costs
6. Taxation
4. Specific items
7. Free cash flow
5. Net finance costs and net debt
8. Employee benefits – pensions
6. Taxation
9. Earnings per share
7. Free cash flow
10. Share-based payment
8. Employee benefits – pensions
11. Dividends
9. Earnings per share
Other notes – income statement
10. Share-based payment
11. Dividends
12. People information
Other notes – income statement
13. Operating costs
12. People information
Other notes – financial assets, financial liabilities and hedging programmes
13. Operating costs
14. Financial assets and liabilities − summary and management of financial risk
15. Cash and cash equivalents
Other notes – financial assets, financial liabilities and hedging programmes
16. Loans and borrowings
14. Financial assets and liabilities − summary and management of financial risk
17. Financial liabilities – net and gross maturity analysis
15. Cash and cash equivalents
18. Financial assets and liabilities − additional analysis
16. Loans and borrowings
19. Hedging programmes
17. Financial liabilities – net and gross maturity analysis
Other notes – balance sheet
18. Financial assets and liabilities − additional analysis
19. Hedging programmes
20. Provisions
Other notes – balance sheet
21. Property, plant and equipment
22. Goodwill
20. Provisions
23. Intangible assets
21. Property, plant and equipment
24. Assets and liabilities held for sale
22. Goodwill
25. Investment in associate
23. Intangible assets
26. Current trade and other receivables
24. Assets and liabilities held for sale
27. Current trade and other payables
25. Investment in associate
28. Issued share capital and reserves
26. Current trade and other receivables
29. Commitments
27. Current trade and other payables
30. Related party information
28. Issued share capital and reserves
31. Events after the reporting period
29. Commitments
Significant accounting policies
30. Related party information
Group five year summary (unaudited)
31. Events after the reporting period
Statement of Directors’ responsibilities in respect of the Group financial statements
Significant accounting policies
Independent Auditor’s Report to the members of Royal Mail plc
Group five year summary (unaudited)
Statement of Directors’ responsibilities in respect of the Group financial statements
Royal Mail plc – parent Company financial statements
Independent Auditor’s Report to the members of Royal Mail plc
Notes to the parent Company financial statements
Statement of Directors’ responsibilities in respect of the parent Company financial statements
Royal Mail plc – parent Company financial statements
Independent Auditor’s Report to the members of the parent Company Royal Mail plc
Notes to the parent Company financial statements
Statement of Directors’ responsibilities in respect of the parent Company financial statements
Shareholder information
Independent Auditor’s Report to the members of the parent Company Royal Mail plc
Forward-looking statements
Shareholder information
1 For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2015 and 52 weeks ended 30 March 2014
2 At 29 March 2015 and 30 March 2014
Forward-looking statements
1 For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2015 and 52 weeks ended 30 March 2014
2 At 29 March 2015 and 30 March 2014
76
2
2
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
77
78
79
77
80
78
81
79
80
81
83
84
86
83
86
84
87
86
89
86
92
87
93
89
98
92
98
93
100
98
98
100
102
103
102
103
105
108
108
105
109
108
111
108
115
109
111
115
120
121
123
120
124
121
124
123
126
124
126
124
127
126
127
126
128
127
129
127
130
128
129
131
130
140
142
131
143
140
142
146
143
147
149
146
150
147
149
151
150
152
151
152
Royal Mail plc
Consolidated income statement
Consolidated income statement
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2015 and 52 weeks ended 30 March 2014
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2015 and 52 weeks ended 30 March 2014
52 weeks 2015
52 weeks 2015
52 weeks 2014
52 weeks 2014
Notes
Notes
Reported1
Reported1
£m
£m
Specific
Specific
items2
items2
£m
£m
Adjusted2
Adjusted2
£m
£m
Reported1
Reported1
£m
£m
Specific
Specific
items2
items2
£m
£m
Adjusted2
Adjusted2
£m
£m
Continuing operations
Continuing operations
Revenue*
Revenue*
Operating costs
Operating costs
People costs
People costs
Distribution and conveyance costs
Distribution and conveyance costs
Infrastructure costs
Infrastructure costs
Other operating costs
Other operating costs
Operating profit before transformation costs
Operating profit before transformation costs
Transformation costs
Transformation costs
Operating profit after transformation costs
Operating profit after transformation costs
Operating specific items:
Operating specific items:
Royal Mail Pension Plan amendment
Royal Mail Pension Plan amendment
Transaction-related costs
Transaction-related costs
Employee Free Shares charge
Employee Free Shares charge
Impairment and legacy costs
Impairment and legacy costs
Operating profit
Operating profit
Non-operating specific items:
Non-operating specific items:
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Profit on disposal of associate undertaking
Profit on disposal of associate undertaking
Earnings before interest and tax
Earnings before interest and tax
Finance costs
Finance costs
Finance income
Finance income
Net pension interest (non-operating specific item)
Net pension interest (non-operating specific item)
4/8(c)
4/8(c)
Profit before tax
Profit before tax
Tax (charge)/credit
Tax (charge)/credit
Profit for the period from continuing operations
Profit for the period from continuing operations
Discontinued operations:
Discontinued operations:
Profit after tax for the period from discontinued operations
Profit after tax for the period from discontinued operations
6
6
24
24
Profit for the period
Profit for the period
Profit for the period attributable to:
Profit for the period attributable to:
Equity holders of the parent Company
Equity holders of the parent Company
Non-controlling interests
Non-controlling interests
Earnings per share:
Earnings per share:
Basic and diluted – continuing operations
Basic and diluted – continuing operations
Basic and diluted – total Group
Basic and diluted – total Group
Total Group revenue*
Total Group revenue*
Continuing operations
Continuing operations
Discontinued operations
Discontinued operations
2
2
4/12
4/12
9,328
9,328
(8,717)
(8,717)
(5,359)
(5,359)
(1,764)
(1,764)
(1,019)
(1,019)
(575)
(575)
3
3
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
611
611
(145)
(145)
466
466
-
-
-
-
(169)
(169)
(79)
(79)
218
218
133
133
-
-
351
351
(30)
(30)
4
4
75
75
400
400
(72)
(72)
328
328
-
-
328
328
325
325
3
3
-
-
(129)
(129)
(129)
(129)
-
-
-
-
-
-
(129)
(129)
-
-
(129)
(129)
-
-
-
-
(169)
(169)
(79)
(79)
(377)
(377)
133
133
-
-
(244)
(244)
-
-
-
-
75
75
(169)
(169)
66
66
(103)
(103)
-
-
(103)
(103)
(103)
(103)
-
-
9,328
9,328
(8,588)
(8,588)
(5,230)
(5,230)
(1,764)
(1,764)
(1,019)
(1,019)
(575)
(575)
740
740
(145)
(145)
595
595
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9,357
9,357
(8,688)
(8,688)
(5,267)
(5,267)
(1,796)
(1,796)
(1,047)
(1,047)
(578)
(578)
669
669
(241)
(241)
428
428
–
–
(58)
(58)
(58)
(58)
–
–
–
–
–
–
(58)
(58)
–
–
(58)
(58)
1,350
1,350
1,350
1,350
(28)
(28)
(94)
(94)
(15)
(15)
(28)
(28)
(94)
(94)
(15)
(15)
9,357
9,357
(8,630)
(8,630)
(5,209)
(5,209)
(1,796)
(1,796)
(1,047)
(1,047)
(578)
(578)
727
727
(241)
(241)
486
486
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
595
595
1,641
1,641
1,155
1,155
486
486
-
-
-
-
595
595
(30)
(30)
4
4
-
-
569
569
(138)
(138)
431
431
-
-
431
431
428
428
3
3
19
19
2
2
19
19
2
2
1,662
1,662
1,176
1,176
(71)
(71)
4
4
69
69
1,664
1,664
(386)
(386)
1,278
1,278
2
2
1,280
1,280
1,277
1,277
3
3
–
–
–
–
69
69
1,245
1,245
(276)
(276)
969
969
-
-
969
969
969
969
-
-
–
–
–
–
486
486
(71)
(71)
4
4
–
–
419
419
(110)
(110)
309
309
2
2
311
311
308
308
3
3
9
9
9
9
32.5p
32.5p
32.5p
32.5p
(10.3)p
(10.3)p
(10.3)p
(10.3)p
42.8p
42.8p
42.8p
42.8p
127.5p
127.5p
127.7p
127.7p
96.9p
96.9p
96.9p
96.9p
30.6p
30.6p
30.8p
30.8p
9,424
9,424
9,328
9,328
96
96
-
-
-
-
-
-
9,424
9,424
9,328
9,328
96
96
9,456
9,456
9,357
9,357
99
99
-
-
-
-
-
-
9,456
9,456
9,357
9,357
99
99
1 Reported – prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)
1 Reported – prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS)
2 Specific items and Adjusted - non-GAAP measures explained on page 133
2 Specific items and Adjusted - non-GAAP measures explained on page 133
Royal Mail plc
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
3
3
77
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Consolidated statement
of comprehensive income
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2015 and 52 weeks ended 30 March 2014
Profit for the period
Other comprehensive income/(expense) for the period from continuing operations:
Items that will not be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss:
Amounts relating to pensions accounting
IFRIC 14 adjustment relating to pension surplus
Actuarial gains/(losses) on defined benefit schemes
Tax on above items1
Items that may be subsequently reclassified to profit or loss:
Foreign exchange translation differences
Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations (GLS)2
Net gain on hedge of a net investment (€500 million bond – 2.375% Senior Fixed Rate Notes due July 2024)
Designated cash flow hedges
Losses on cash flow hedges deferred into equity
Losses on cash flow hedges released from equity to income
Tax on above items
Total other comprehensive income for the period
Total comprehensive income for the period
Total comprehensive income for the period attributable to:
Equity holders of the parent Company
Non-controlling interests
1
Includes £4 million (2013-14 £nil million) in relation to Royal Mail Senior Executives Pension Plan (RMSEPP) deficit payments
2 Includes £3 million (2013-14 £nil million) in relation to net deferred tax liabilities (note 6)
Notes
8
8(c)
6
6
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
328
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
1,280
1,211
(2)
1,512
(299)
(47)
(74)
27
(21)
(53)
27
5
1,143
1,471
1,468
3
(344)
(8)
(453)
117
(12)
(12)
–
(19)
(24)
4
1
(375)
905
902
3
78
4
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Consolidated statement of cash flows
Consolidated statement of cash flows
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2015 and 52 weeks ended 30 March 2014
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2015 and 52 weeks ended 30 March 2014
Consolidated statement of cash flows
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2015 and 52 weeks ended 30 March 2014
Cash flow from operating activities:
Cash flow from operating activities:
Operating profit before transformation costs
Operating profit before transformation costs
Adjustment for:
Adjustment for:
Notes
Notes
Reported
Reported
52 weeks
52 weeks
2015
2015
£m
£m
Depreciation and amortisation
Depreciation and amortisation
Share of post-tax profit from associate
Share of post-tax profit from associate
Cash flow from operating activities:
EBITDA before transformation costs
EBITDA before transformation costs
Operating profit before transformation costs
Working capital movements
Working capital movements
Adjustment for:
Decrease in inventories
Decrease in inventories
Depreciation and amortisation
(Increase)/decrease in receivables
(Increase)/decrease in receivables
Share of post-tax profit from associate
Increase in payables
Increase in payables
EBITDA before transformation costs
Net increase in derivative assets
Net increase in derivative assets
Working capital movements
Decrease in provisions (non-specific items)
Decrease in provisions (non-specific items)
Decrease in inventories
Pension charge to cash difference (operating specific item)
Pension charge to cash difference (operating specific item)
(Increase)/decrease in receivables
Share-based awards (SAYE and LTIP) charge to cash difference
Share-based awards (SAYE and LTIP) charge to cash difference
Increase in payables
Cash cost of transformation operating expenditure1
Cash cost of transformation operating expenditure1
Net increase in derivative assets
Cash cost of operating specific items
Cash cost of operating specific items
Decrease in provisions (non-specific items)
Cash inflow from operations
Cash inflow from operations
Pension charge to cash difference (operating specific item)
Income tax paid
Income tax paid
Share-based awards (SAYE and LTIP) charge to cash difference
Net cash inflow from operating activities
Net cash inflow from operating activities
Cash cost of transformation operating expenditure1
Cash flows from investing activities:
Cash flows from investing activities:
Cash cost of operating specific items
Dividends received from associate undertaking
Dividends received from associate undertaking
Cash inflow from operations
Finance income received
Finance income received
Income tax paid
Proceeds from disposal of property (excluding London property portfolio), plant and equipment (non-operating specific item)
Proceeds from disposal of property (excluding London property portfolio), plant and equipment (non-operating specific item)
Net cash inflow from operating activities
London property portfolio disposals (non-operating specific item)
London property portfolio disposals (non-operating specific item)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Disposal proceeds
Disposal proceeds
Dividends received from associate undertaking
Related cash costs
Related cash costs
Finance income received
Proceeds from disposal of associate undertaking (non-operating specific item)
Proceeds from disposal of associate undertaking (non-operating specific item)
Proceeds from disposal of property (excluding London property portfolio), plant and equipment (non-operating specific item)
Net cash inflow from discontinued operations
Net cash inflow from discontinued operations
London property portfolio disposals (non-operating specific item)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment1
Purchase of property, plant and equipment1
Disposal proceeds
Acquisition of business1
Acquisition of business1
Related cash costs
Purchase of intangible assets (software)1
Purchase of intangible assets (software)1
Proceeds from disposal of associate undertaking (non-operating specific item)
Payment of deferred consideration in respect of prior years’ acquisitions1
Payment of deferred consideration in respect of prior years’ acquisitions1
Net cash inflow from discontinued operations
Net purchase of financial asset investments (current)
Net purchase of financial asset investments (current)
Purchase of property, plant and equipment1
Net cash outflow from investing activities
Net cash outflow from investing activities
Acquisition of business1
Net cash inflow before financing activities
Net cash inflow before financing activities
Purchase of intangible assets (software)1
Cash flows from financing activities:
Cash flows from financing activities:
Payment of deferred consideration in respect of prior years’ acquisitions1
Finance costs paid on refinancing of loan facilities
Finance costs paid on refinancing of loan facilities
Net purchase of financial asset investments (current)
Other finance costs paid
Other finance costs paid
Net cash outflow from investing activities
Payment of capital element of obligations under finance lease contracts
Payment of capital element of obligations under finance lease contracts
Net cash inflow before financing activities
Cash received on sale and leasebacks
Cash received on sale and leasebacks
Cash flows from financing activities:
New loans
New loans
Finance costs paid on refinancing of loan facilities
Repayment of loans and borrowings
Repayment of loans and borrowings
Other finance costs paid
Dividends paid to equity holders
Dividends paid to equity holders
Payment of capital element of obligations under finance lease contracts
Dividend paid to non-controlling interests
Dividend paid to non-controlling interests
Cash received on sale and leasebacks
Net cash outflow from financing activities
Net cash outflow from financing activities
New loans
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
Repayment of loans and borrowings
Effect of foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
Effect of foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
Dividends paid to equity holders
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period
Dividend paid to non-controlling interests
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period
Net cash outflow from financing activities
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
1 Items included in total investment – note 7
1 Items included in total investment – note 7
Effect of foreign currency exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the period
Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period
1 Items included in total investment – note 7
21/23
21/23
Notes
25
25
21/23
25
11
11
11
15
15
15
15
15
15
Royal Mail plc
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
611
611
Reported
52 weeks
2015
279
279
£m
(1)
(1)
889
889
611
12
12
1
1
279
(52)
(52)
(1)
72
72
889
(8)
(8)
12
(1)
(1)
1
129
129
(52)
5
5
72
(228)
(228)
(8)
(8)
(8)
(1)
799
799
129
(37)
(37)
5
762
762
(228)
(8)
-
-
799
4
4
(37)
39
39
762
100
100
111
111
-
(11)
(11)
4
-
-
39
-
-
100
(267)
(267)
111
(7)
(7)
(11)
(153)
(153)
-
(3)
(3)
-
(55)
(55)
(267)
(342)
(342)
(7)
420
420
(153)
(3)
-
-
(55)
(22)
(22)
(342)
(75)
(75)
420
13
13
393
393
-
(600)
(600)
(22)
(200)
(200)
(75)
(1)
(1)
13
(492)
(492)
393
(72)
(72)
(600)
(7)
(7)
(200)
366
366
(1)
287
287
(492)
(72)
(7)
366
287
Reported
Reported
52 weeks
52 weeks
2014
2014
£m
£m
669
669
Reported
52 weeks
2014
274
274
£m
(3)
(3)
940
940
669
83
83
2
2
274
81
81
(3)
19
19
940
(2)
(2)
83
(17)
(17)
2
58
58
81
–
–
19
(201)
(201)
(2)
(35)
(35)
(17)
845
845
58
(38)
(38)
–
807
807
(201)
(35)
2
2
845
4
4
(38)
33
33
807
-
-
-
-
2
-
-
4
3
3
33
2
2
-
(341)
(341)
-
(2)
(2)
-
(69)
(69)
3
(4)
(4)
2
-
-
(341)
(372)
(372)
(2)
435
435
(69)
(4)
(45)
(45)
-
(37)
(37)
(372)
(73)
(73)
435
109
109
600
600
(45)
(973)
(973)
(37)
–
–
(73)
–
–
109
(419)
(419)
600
16
16
(973)
(1)
(1)
–
351
351
–
366
366
(419)
16
(1)
351
366
5
5
79
5
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Consolidated balance sheet
At 29 March 2015 and 30 March 2014
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Leasehold land payment
Goodwill (mainly investment in GLS)
Intangible assets (mainly software)
Investment in associate
Financial assets − pension escrow investments
Financial assets − derivatives
Retirement benefit asset – net of IFRIC 14 adjustment
Other receivables
Deferred tax assets
Assets held for sale
Current assets
Inventories
Trade and other receivables
Financial assets − derivatives
Financial assets – short-term deposits
Cash and cash equivalents
Total assets
Current liabilities
Trade and other payables
Financial liabilities – obligations under finance leases
Financial liabilities – derivatives
Income tax payable
Provisions
Non-current liabilities
Financial liabilities − interest bearing loans and borrowings
Financial liabilities − obligations under finance leases
Financial liabilities − derivatives
Provisions
Other payables
Deferred tax liabilities
Liabilities associated with assets held for sale
Total liabilities
Net assets
Equity
Share capital
Retained earnings
Other reserves
Equity attributable to parent Company
Non-controlling interests
Total equity
Notes
21
22
23
25
5/14/18
14/18/19
8
6
24
26
14/18/19
5/14/18
5/14/15/18
27
5/14/17/18/29
14/17/18/19
20
5/14/16/17/18
5/14/17/18/29
14/17/18/19
20
6
24
28
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
1,933
2
182
300
5
20
2
3,179
11
8
5,642
32
20
949
5
56
287
1,317
6,991
(1,668)
(93)
(34)
(14)
(149)
(1,958)
(366)
(179)
(14)
(104)
(40)
(474)
(1,177)
(10)
(3,145)
3,846
10
3,843
(16)
3,837
9
3,846
1,989
3
197
195
4
20
3
1,723
13
9
4,156
3
22
926
2
1
366
1,317
5,476
(1,652)
(87)
(12)
(14)
(173)
(1,938)
(600)
(255)
(5)
(95)
(31)
(151)
(1,137)
-
(3,075)
2,401
10
2,332
52
2,394
7
2,401
The financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 20 May 2015 and were signed on its behalf by:
Moya Greene
Chief Executive Officer
Matthew Lester
Chief Finance Officer
80
6
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Consolidated statement
of changes in equity
For the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2015 and 52 weeks ended 30 March 2014
Reported at 31 March 2013
Profit for the period
Other comprehensive expense for the period
Share capital issue
Employee Free Shares issue1 (note 10)
Reported at 30 March 2014
Profit for the period
Other comprehensive income/(expense) for the period
Release of Post Office Limited separation provision (note 20)
Dividend paid to equity holders of the parent (note 11)
Dividend paid to non-controlling interests
Share-based payments (note 10):
- Employee Free Shares issue1
- Save As You Earn (SAYE) scheme
- Long-Term Incentive Plan (LTIP)2
Reported at 29 March 2015
Share
capital
£m
–
–
–
10
–
10
–
–
-
–
–
–
-
–
10
Retained
earnings
£m
1,318
1,277
(344)
(10)
91
2,332
325
1,211
7
(200)
-
163
1
4
3,843
Foreign
currency
translation
reserve
£m
73
–
(12)
–
–
61
–
(47)
-
–
–
Hedging
reserve
£m
10
–
(19)
–
–
(9)
–
(21)
-
–
–
Equity
holders of
the parent
£m
1,401
1,277
(375)
–
91
2,394
325
1,143
7
(200)
-
Non-
controlling
interests
£m
4
3
–
–
–
7
3
–
-
–
(1)
–
-
–
14
–
-
–
(30)
163
1
4
3,837
–
-
–
9
Total
Equity
£m
1,405
1,280
(375)
–
91
2,401
328
1,143
7
(200)
(1)
163
1
4
3,846
1 Excludes £6 million (2013-14 £3 million) National Insurance, charged to the income statement, included in provisions on the balance sheet
2 Excludes £1 million (2013-14 £nil million) National Insurance, charged to the income statement, included in provisions on the balance sheet
A description of the reserves in the above table is included in note 28.
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
7
81
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements
Core notes to the consolidated financial statements
The notes in this section are considered by the Board to be particularly important to a reader of the financial statements.
1. Basis of preparation
2. Segment information
3. Transformation costs
4. Specific items
5. Net finance costs and net debt
6. Taxation
7. Free cash flow
8. Employee benefits – pensions
9. Earnings per share
10. Share-based payment
11. Dividends
83
84
86
86
87
89
92
93
98
98
100
82
8
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
1. Basis of preparation
This note explains how these Royal Mail plc Group (the Group) consolidated financial statements have been prepared including information
on non-GAAP measures and the Directors’ going concern assessment.
General information
Royal Mail plc (the Company) is incorporated in the United Kingdom (UK) and the consolidated financial statements are produced in
accordance with the Companies Act 2006 and applicable International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the European
Union. The UK is the Company’s country of domicile.
The Company was listed on the London Stock Exchange on 15 October 2013.
The consolidated financial statements of the Company for the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2015 (2013-14 52 weeks ended 30 March 2014)
comprise the Company and its subsidiaries (together referred to as the Group) and the Group’s interest in its associate undertaking.
The consolidated financial statements for the 52 weeks ended 29 March 2015 were authorised for issue by the Board on 20 May 2015.
Basis of preparation and accounting
The Group consolidated financial statements are presented in Sterling, as that is the currency of the primary economic environment in which
the Group operates, and all values are rounded to the nearest whole £million except where otherwise indicated. The consolidated financial
statements have been prepared on an historic cost basis, except for pension assets and derivative financial instruments, which have been
measured at fair value.
Presentation of results
The Group’s ‘Significant accounting policies’ can be found after the notes to the Group financial statements.
Reported performance
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted by the EU and as issued by the International
Accounting Standards Board (IASB) (i.e. on a ‘reported’ basis).
Non-GAAP performance measures
In the reporting of financial information, the Group uses certain measures that are not required under IFRS, the Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles (GAAP), under which the Group reports. The Directors believe that these non-GAAP measures assist with the
understanding of the performance of the business.
These non-GAAP measures (see page 133) are not a substitute, or superior to, any IFRS measures of performance but they have been
included as Management considers them to be an important means of comparing performance year-on-year and they include key measures
used within the business for assessing performance.
Going concern
In assessing the going concern status of the Group, the Directors are required to look forward by a minimum of 12 months from the end of
the reporting year, 29 March 2015, to ensure that there is sufficient headroom to enable the Group to pay its creditors as they fall due.
The Directors have reviewed business projections, with particular emphasis on the 24 months to March 2017, to consider business cash
flows under different trading scenarios that could reasonably take place during the period under review. The Group’s business activities,
strategy, performance and key risks are outlined on pages 2 to 40.
The Directors have assessed these against committed and undrawn funding facilities (£1,050 million at 29 March 2015) and other liquid
resources available to the Group (cash at bank £127 million, cash equivalent investments £140 million and other bank deposits £56 million
at 29 March 2015). Funding facilities and cash and cash equivalents available to the Group are described in further detail in notes 5, 15
and 16.
The Directors are satisfied that these facilities, coupled with business projections, show that the Group will continue to operate for the
foreseeable future.
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
9
83
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
2. Segment information
The Group’s revenue, certain costs and earnings before interest and tax are segmented in this note in alignment with how the business is
managed.
Business unit
UK Parcels, International & Letters (UKPIL)
UK operations
General Logistics Systems (GLS)
Other European operations
Other
UK operations
Main statutory entities
Royal Mail Group Limited
Royal Mail Estates Limited
Royal Mail Investments Limited
GLS Germany GmbH & Co. OHG
GLS Italy S.p.A.
GLS France S.A.S.
Romec Limited (51 per cent owned subsidiary) – facilities management
NDC 2000 Limited (51 per cent owned subsidiary) – design services
Quadrant Catering Ltd (51 per cent owned associate) – catering services
The Group is structured on a geographic business unit basis and these business units report into the Chief Executive’s Committee and the
Royal Mail plc Board. Each of these units has discrete revenue, costs, profit, cash flows, assets and people. Therefore, full and complete
financial information is prepared and reviewed on a regular basis and compared with both historical and budget/forecast information as part
of the performance management process.
The key measure of segment performance is operating profit before transformation costs (used internally for the corporate balanced
scorecard). A reconciliation of the Group’s earnings before interest and tax (EBIT) by segment is also disclosed.
The majority of inter-segment revenue relates to the provision of facilities management and catering services to UKPIL. Trading between
UKPIL and GLS is not material.
Transfer prices between the segments are set on a basis of charges reached through commercial negotiation with the respective business
units that form each of the segments.
Reported 52 weeks 2015
Continuing operations
External revenue
Inter-segment revenue
Total segment revenue
Operating profit before transformation costs
Transformation costs
Operating profit after transformation costs
Operating specific items:
Employee Free Share charge
Impairment and legacy costs
Operating profit
Non-operating specific items:
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Earnings before interest and tax
Net finance costs
Net pension interest (non-operating specific item)
Profit before tax
Tax – specific items
Tax - other
Profit for the period from continuing operations
UK operations
UKPIL
£m
7,757
-
7,757
4861
(145)
341
(169)
(33)
139
133
272
Other
£m
14
152
166
10
-
10
-
-
10
-
10
not reported
at this level
Other
European
operations
GLS
£m
1,557
-
1,557
115
-
115
-
(46)
69
-
69
1
-
70
-
(36)
34
Total
£m
7,771
152
7,923
496
(145)
351
(169)
(33)
149
133
282
(27)
75
330
66
(102)
294
Total
£m
9,328
152
9,480
611
(145)
466
(169)
(79)
218
133
351
(26)
75
400
66
(138)
328
1 Includes £129 million pension charge to cash difference – operating specific item (note 4)
84
10
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
2. Segment information (continued)
Reported 52 weeks 2014
Continuing operations
External revenue
Inter-segment revenue
Total segment revenue
Operating profit before transformation costs
Transformation costs
Operating profit after transformation costs
Operating specific items:
Royal Mail Pension Plan amendment
Transaction-related costs
Employee Free Share charge
Impairment and legacy costs
Operating profit
Non-operating specific items:
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Profit on disposal of associate undertaking
Earnings before interest and tax
Net finance costs
Net pension interest (non-operating specific item)
Profit before tax
Tax – specific items
Tax – other
Profit for the period from continuing operations
UK operations
UKPIL
£m
7,787
–
7,787
5502
(241)
309
1,350
(24)
(94)
(15)
1,526
19
2
1,547
Other
£m
18
176
194
13
–
13
–
–
–
–
13
–
–
13
not reported
at this level
Total
£m
7,805
176
7,981
563
(241)
322
1,350
(24)
(94)
(15)
1,539
19
2
1,560
(70)
69
1,559
(276)
(69)
1,214
2
Includes £58 million pension charge to cash difference – operating specific item (note 4)
The following amounts are included within operating profit before transformation costs:
Reported 52 weeks 2015
Depreciation
Amortisation of intangible assets (mainly software)
Share of post-tax profit from associate
Reported 52 weeks 2014
Depreciation
Amortisation of intangible assets (mainly software)
Share of post-tax profit from associate
UK operations
UKPIL
£m
(211)
(31)
-
Other
£m
(1)
-
1
Total
£m
(212)
(31)
1
UK operations
UKPIL
£m
(212)
(29)
–
Other
£m
–
−
3
Total
£m
(212)
(29)
3
Other
European
operations
GLS
£m
1,552
−
1,552
106
–
106
–
(4)
–
–
102
–
–
102
3
–
105
–
(41)
64
Other
European
operations
GLS
£m
(30)
(6)
-
Other
European
operations
GLS
£m
(29)
(4)
–
Total
£m
9,357
176
9,533
669
(241)
428
1,350
(28)
(94)
(15)
1,641
19
2
1,662
(67)
69
1,664
(276)
(110)
1,278
Total
£m
(242)
(37)
1
Total
£m
(241)
(33)
3
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
11
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
3. Transformation costs
Transformation costs are included within the cost base and profit that Management monitors to assess financial and trading performance.
These costs relate directly to the transformation programme that has spanned several years and are therefore considered worthy of
separate disclosure.
Voluntary redundancy - ongoing
Voluntary redundancy – management reorganisation programme
Project costs (including £2 million management reorganisation programme costs in 2014)
Business transformation payments
Total transformation costs
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
(87)
6
(55)
(9)
(145)
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
(14)
(102)
(108)
(17)
(241)
Business transformation payments represent payments linked to the achievement of key milestones in transforming the network, as part of
the Business Transformation Agreement 2010.
4. Specific items
These are both recurring and non-recurring income/expense items which in Management’s view should be disclosed separately to provide
greater visibility of the performance of the business. The definition of specific items can be found on page 133.
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
(129)
-
-
(169)
(79)
(19)
15
(24)
(46)
(5)
(58)
1,350
(28)
(94)
(15)
7
(15)
–
–
(7)
(377)
1,155
133
-
75
208
(169)
19
2
69
90
1,245
Operating specific items:
Pension charge to cash difference
Royal Mail Pension Plan amendment
Transaction-related costs
Employee Free Shares charge
Impairment and legacy costs
Potential industrial diseases claims
Historical employment costs
Impairment
French Competition Authority investigation costs
Other
Total operating specific items
Non-operating specific items:
Profit on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Profit on disposal of associate undertaking
Net pension interest
Total non-operating specific items
Total specific items before tax
The impairment of £24 million relates to certain IT assets which did not fully meet the requirements of the business.
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Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
4. Specific items (continued)
Tax effect of above items1
Tax specific items
Adjustments in respect of prior periods
Impact of change in tax rate2
Total
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
55
11
9
2
66
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
(288)
12
-
12
(276)
1 No tax charge has been recognised on property disposals included in specific items, as no tax liability would be expected to crystallise on the grounds that, were the assets (into which
the gains have been rolled) to be sold at their residual values, no capital gain would arise
2 A tax credit was recognised for the remeasurement of certain deferred tax balances as a result of the change in UK statutory corporation tax rates
The tax credit on specific items of £66 million (2013-14 £276 million charge) reflects the tax effect of specific items, including the tax impact
of property transactions and certain tax-only adjustments, such as the impact of changes in tax law and amounts over or under provided in
previous years in respect of specific items.
5. Net finance costs and net debt
This note provides details of:
• Interest payable on loans and finance lease obligations and interest received from investments and loans. This analysis excludes net
pension interest which is a non-cash item and is derived to comply with the requirements of the relevant accounting standard IAS 19;
and
• Net debt − a non-GAAP measure which shows the Group’s overall debt position, by netting the value of financial liabilities (excluding
derivatives) against its cash and other liquid assets. The balance sheet shows these items gross within the different categories of assets
and liabilities.
Net finance costs
Unwinding of discount relating to industrial diseases claims provision
Interest payable on financial liabilities
HM Government facilities:
Loans and borrowings
Unused facility fees
Other facility fees
Syndicated bank loan facility:
Loans and borrowings
Unused facility fees
Arrangement fees1
€500 million bond – 2.375% Senior Fixed Rate Notes due July 2024
Finance leases
Losses realised on interest rate swap contracts2
Finance costs
Interest receivable on financial assets
Finance income
Net finance costs
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
(2)
(28)
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
(3)
(68)
-
-
-
(7)
(2)
(4)
(6)
(7)
(2)
(30)
4
4
(26)
(47)
(2)
(3)
(3)
(1)
(2)
-
(10)
-
(71)
4
4
(67)
1 Arrangement fees include £2 million (2013-14 £nil million) written off upon repayment of £350 million of the term loans following the bond issue
2 The interest rate swap contracts were closed out early upon repayment of the remaining term loan on 9 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
13
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
5. Net finance costs and net debt (continued)
Net debt
Obligations under finance leases
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Obligations under finance leases
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash at bank and in hand
Client cash3
Cash equivalent investments4
Financial assets – short-term deposits (bank and local authority deposits)
Pension escrow investments (RMSEPP)
Total net debt
Balance sheet category
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Non-current liabilities
Current assets
Current assets
Current assets
Current assets
Non-current assets
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
(93)
(366)
(179)
(638)
287
127
20
140
56
20
(275)
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
(87)
(600)
(255)
(942)
366
37
14
315
1
20
(555)
3 Client cash is cash collected from consignees by GLS on behalf of its posting customers
4 Cash equivalent investments include short-term bank and local authority deposits, money market fund investments and other financial assets
Net debt decreased by £280 million during the year ended 29 March 2015 and by £351 million during the year ended 30 March 2014 as
shown below.
Net debt brought forward
Free cash flow
Dividends paid to equity holders of the parent Company
Dividend paid to non-controlling interests
Finance costs paid on refinancing of loan facilities
Decrease/(increase) in finance lease obligations (non-cash)
Foreign currency exchange impact on cash and cash equivalents
Foreign currency exchange rate impact on €500 million bond
Net debt carried forward at 29 March 2015 and 30 March 2014
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
(555)
453
(200)
(1)
-
8
(7)
27
(275)
Below is a summary of loans and borrowings at the year end, the respective average interest rates, and facilities available.
Syndicated bank loan facilities
€500 million bond - 2.375% Senior Fixed Rate Notes
Total
Loans and
borrowings
£m
-
366
366
Further
committed
facility
£m
1,050
-
1,050
Average
interest rate
of loan drawn
down
%
Basis of interest
rate chargeable
at 29 March 2015
%
n/a LIBOR plus 0.55%
2.5
Fixed at 2.5%
2.5
Total
facility
£m
1,050
366
1,416
Average
maturity
date of
loan drawn
down
Year
n/a
2024
2024
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
(906)
398
-
-
(45)
(1)
(1)
-
(555)
Average
maturity
date of
loan
facility
Year
2020
2024
2021
The bond, issued in July 2014, is shown net of issue discount and fees and at a closing spot rate of £0.737/€. The effective interest rate on
the bond (2.5 per cent) consists of the interest coupon of 2.375 per cent plus the unwinding of the discount and fees on issuing the bond
(0.08 per cent). The £300 million Term Loan B and £50 million of Term Loan A were repaid on 15 August 2014 through proceeds raised
from the bond issue. The bond is designated as a hedge of the net investment in GLS, which has the Euro as its functional currency. During
the year, a gain of £27 million on the retranslation of this borrowing was transferred to other comprehensive income, which offsets the
losses on translation of the net investment in GLS. There is no hedge ineffectiveness in the period ended 29 March 2015.
In March 2015, the Group took advantage of favourable market conditions to negotiate amendments to the syndicated bank loan facility to
allow: conversion of the remaining term loan into a revolving credit facility; a reduction to the interest rates charged; and to extend the
maturity date (to March 2020 with the option to extend for a further two years). This increased flexibility allowed the remaining £250 million
of the existing syndicated bank loans to be repaid on 9 March 2015, whilst maintaining the same level of facilities.
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Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
5. Net finance costs and net debt (continued)
The syndicated bank loan facility can be cancelled and any loans drawn under the facility can become repayable immediately on the
occurrence of an event of default under the loan agreements. These events of default include non-payment, insolvency and breach of
covenant relating to interest (excluding arrangement fees), adjusted net debt and EBITDA. It is not anticipated that the Group is at risk of
breaching any of these obligations.
The covenants require the Group to maintain the (leverage) ratio of adjusted net debt to EBITDA below 3:1 and EBITDA to interest (excluding
arrangement fees) above 3.5:1. Adjusted net debt consists of net debt plus Letters of Credit (contingent liabilities in respect of the UKPIL
insurance programme, where the possibility of an outflow of economic benefits is considered remote5) and is adjusted for exchange rate
movements during the year. The Group’s leverage ratio at 29 March 2015 is 0.4:1 (2013-14 0.7:1). The Group’s ratio of EBITDA to interest
(excluding arrangement fees) at 29 March 2015 is 40.4:1 (2013-14 31.4:1). As a result, the Group is well within its covenant agreement at
29 March 2015.
The interest rate chargeable on the syndicated bank loan facility would increase if more than one third of the facility was drawn and would
increase if the Group's leverage ratio exceeded 1:1. Under the loan agreement, the maximum interest rate chargeable would be LIBOR plus
1.45 per cent. The €500 million bond becomes repayable immediately on the occurrence of an event of default under the bond agreement.
These events of default include non-payment and insolvency. The blended interest rate on gross debt for the period to 27 March 2016 is
forecast to be approximately three per cent.
5 The lease arrangement for automation equipment, which required Royal Mail to arrange for the provision of Letters of Credit (2013-14 £37 million), was terminated during the
year and the Letters of Credit were cancelled, undrawn
6. Taxation
This note provides details about current tax (charges)/credits on profit and deferred tax (charges)/credits relating to the impact of past
events on expected future tax. The note also provides the tax impact of specific items, further details of which can be seen in note 4.
Tax (charged)/credited in the income statement
Current income tax:
Current UK income tax charge
Foreign tax
Current income tax charge
Amounts over/(under) provided in earlier years
Total current income tax charge
Deferred income tax:
Effect of change in tax rates
Relating to origination and reversal of temporary differences
Amounts over provided in previous years
Total deferred income tax charge
Tax charge in the consolidated income statement
Tax on non-GAAP, specific items:
Tax credit/(charge) relating to specific items
Tax (charged)/credited to other comprehensive income
Deferred tax:
Actuarial (gains)/losses on defined benefit pension schemes
Tax relief on pension payments
Net gains on revaluation of cash flow hedges
Total (charge)/credit in the consolidated statement of other comprehensive income
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
(13)
(32)
(45)
6
(39)
2
(36)
1
(33)
(72)
(1)
(34)
(35)
(2)
(37)
12
(368)
7
(349)
(386)
66
(276)
(303)
4
5
(294)
117
-
1
118
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
15
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
6. Taxation (continued)
Reconciliation of the total tax charge
A reconciliation of the tax charge in the income statement and the UK rate of corporation tax applied to accounting profit for the 52 weeks
ended 29 March 2015 and 52 weeks ended 30 March 2014 is shown below.
Profit before tax
At UK standard rate of corporation tax of 21% (2013-14 23%)
Effect of higher taxes on overseas earnings
Tax over provided in prior years
Non-deductible expenses
Associate’s profit after tax charge included in Group pre-tax profit
Tax effect of property disposals
Net increase in tax charge resulting from non-recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities
Effect of change in tax rates
Tax charge in the income statement
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
400
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
1,664
(84)
(6)
7
(19)
1
29
(2)
2
(72)
(383)
(2)
5
(10)
1
-
(9)
12
(386)
Current tax
Substantially all of the current tax charge for the Group is in respect of GLS. UK taxable profits in 2014-15 are almost fully covered by a
combination of brought forward losses, capital allowance claims and a further statutory deduction in respect of shares awarded to employees
under the Employee Free Shares scheme. Accordingly, the current tax rate for the Group is 10 per cent.
Effective tax rate
The effective tax rate on reported profit is 18 per cent, comprising current tax due on reported profits and deferred tax in relation to
temporary differences. This rate is below the UK statutory rate, principally because no tax charge has been recognised in relation to property
disposals, as no tax liability would be expected to crystallise on the grounds that were the assets (into which gains have been rolled) to be
sold at their residual values, no capital gain would arise.
GLS pays tax in a number of territories, with the majority of its profits in the period to 29 March 2015 earned in territories where the tax
rate is above the UK statutory tax rate. Certain subsidiaries, notably GLS France, remain unable to recognise tax credits on losses made
during the reporting period. These factors contribute to GLS having a higher effective tax rate for the period than the UK statutory rate.
Deferred tax
Deferred tax by balance sheet category
Liabilities
Accelerated capital allowances
Pensions temporary differences
Employee share schemes
Goodwill qualifying for tax allowances
Deferred tax liabilities
Assets
Deferred capital allowances
Provisions and other
Losses available for offset against future
taxable income
Hedging derivatives temporary differences
Deferred tax assets
(Debited)/
credited to
income
statement
£m
(Debited)/
credited to
other
comprehensive
income
£m
At 31 March
2014
£m
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
At 1 April
2013
£m
(Debited)/
credited to
income
statement
£m
(Debited)/
credited to
other
comprehensive
income
£m
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
(1)
(339)
(65)
(28)
(433)
169
30
90
2
291
-
13
17
(4)
26
(42)
(5)
(12)
-
(59)
-
(303)
-
31
(300)
-
-
4
5
9
(1)
(629)
(48)
(29)
(707)
127
25
82
7
241
–
(222)
–
(23)
(245)
245
37
51
1
334
(1)
(234)
(65)
(5)
(305)
(76)
(7)
39
–
(44)
–
117
–
–
117
–
–
–
1
1
(1)
(339)
(65)
(28)
(433)
169
30
90
2
291
Net deferred tax (liability)/asset
(142)
(33)
(291)
(466)
89
(349)
118
(142)
1
£3 million (2013-14 £nil million) credited to the foreign currency translation reserve
90
16
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
6. Taxation (continued)
Deferred tax – balance sheet presentation
Liabilities
GLS Group
Net UK position
Deferred tax liabilities
Assets
GLS Group
Net UK position
Deferred tax assets
Net deferred tax liability
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
(31)
(443)
(474)
8
-
8
(466)
(30)
(121)
(151)
9
–
9
(142)
The reported deferred tax position shows an increased overall liability in the reporting period to 29 March 2015.
This increase in the reported liability is primarily as a result of the deferred tax impact of the increase in UK pension assets as described in
note 8, which has been reflected in other comprehensive income.
GLS has deferred tax assets and liabilities in various jurisdictions which cannot be offset against one another. The main balance relates to
goodwill and intangibles liabilities in GLS Germany, for which the Group has already taken tax deductions.
At 29 March 2015, the Group had unrecognised deferred tax assets of £68 million (2013-14 £68 million) comprising £61 million (2013-14
£63 million) relating to tax losses of £227 million (2013-14 £238 million), mainly in GLS, that are available for offset against future profits if
generated in the relevant companies and £7 million (2013-14 £5 million) in relation to £33 million (2013-14 £23 million) of UK capital
losses carried forward. The Group has not recognised these deferred tax assets on the basis that it is not sufficiently certain of its capacity to
utilise them in the future.
The Group also has temporary differences in respect of £295 million (2013-14 £307 million) of capital losses, the tax effect of which is
£59 million (2013-14 £61 million) in respect of assets previously qualifying for industrial buildings allowances. Further temporary differences
exist in relation to £308 million (2013-14 £214 million) of gains for which rollover relief has been claimed, the tax effect of which is
£62 million (2013-14 £43 million). No tax liability would be expected to crystallise on the basis that, were the assets (into which the gains
have been rolled) to be sold at their residual values, no capital gain would arise.
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
17
91
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
7. Free cash flow
The Group uses free cash flow to monitor and manage its cash performance. This measure eliminates inflows/outflows between net debt
items (note 5) and includes finance cash costs paid. This note provides a reconciliation of ‘net cash inflow before financing activities’ in the
consolidated statement of cash flows, prepared under IFRS, to ‘free cash inflow’ which is a non-GAAP measure.
EBITDA before transformation costs (see consolidated statement of cash flows)
Pension charge to cash difference (operating specific item)
Total Group ongoing pension costs in the income statement
Total Group cash flows relating to ongoing pension costs:
RMPP defined benefit scheme employer contributions (note 8(d))
Defined contribution scheme employer contributions
RMSEPP deficit correction payments (note 8(d))
Trading working capital movements
Share-based awards (SAYE and LTIP) charge to cash difference
Dividend received from associate undertaking
Net cash inflow from discontinued operations
Total investment1
Growth capital expenditure
Replacement capital expenditure
Transformation operating expenditure
Income tax paid
Net finance costs paid
In-year trading cash inflow
Other working capital movements
Cash cost of operating specific items
Proceeds from disposal of property (excluding London property portfolio), plant and equipment (non-operating specific items)
Proceeds from disposal of associate undertaking (non-operating specific item)
London property portfolio disposals (non-operating specific item)
Disposal proceeds
Related cash costs
Free cash inflow
1 Total investment is represented by several different line items in the consolidated statement of cash flows
Working capital movements
Other working capital movements:
March 2015 payroll paid after balance sheet date of 29 March 2015
Stamps used but purchased in previous periods/deferred revenue
Unwinding of pension prepayment made in March 2012
Total other working capital movements
Trading working capital movements
Total working capital movements
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
889
129
552
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
940
58
479
(369)
(44)
(10)
1
5
-
-
(658)
(178)
(252)
(228)
(37)
(18)
311
11
(8)
39
-
100
111
(11)
453
(380)
(31)
(10)
(57)
-
2
2
(617)
(201)
(215)
(201)
(38)
(33)
257
140
(35)
33
3
-
-
-
398
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
46
(35)
–
11
1
12
–
(10)
150
140
(57)
83
92
18
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
7. Free cash flow (continued)
Free cash flow reconciliation
The following analysis provides a reconciliation of ‘net cash inflow before financing activities’ in the consolidated statement of cash flows and
free cash inflow.
Net cash inflow before financing activities
Net purchase of financial asset investments (current)
Other finance costs paid
Free cash inflow
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
420
55
(22)
453
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
435
-
(37)
398
8. Employee benefits – pensions
At 29 March 2015, a pension asset of £3,179 million has been recognised compared with £1,723 million at 30 March 2014. This increase
is primarily due to the return on liability hedging assets as explained further in this note.
Summary pension information
Ongoing pension costs:
UK defined benefit scheme (income statement rates1 23.6%, 20.3%)
UK defined contribution scheme
Total UK ongoing pension costs
Total GLS defined contribution type scheme costs
Total Group ongoing pension costs
Difference between ongoing income statement charge and cash flows (cash flow rates 17.1% for both years)2
Total Group pension cash flows relating to ongoing pension costs
UK pension schemes – active membership:
UK defined benefit scheme
UK defined contribution scheme
Total
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
(508)
(38)
(546)
(6)
(552)
139
(413)
(448)
(25)
(473)
(6)
(479)
68
(411)
Reported
at 29 March
2015
’000
Reported
at 30 March
2014
’000
100
39
139
106
36
142
1 This service cost is charged to the income statement. It represents the cost (as a percentage of pensionable payroll) of the increase over the year in the defined benefit obligation
due to members earning one more year of pension benefits. It is calculated in accordance with IAS 19 and is based on market yields (high quality corporate bonds and inflation)
at the beginning of the Company’s reporting year
2 This difference excludes the Royal Mail Senior Executives Pension Plan (RMSEPP) deficit correction payments of £10 million (2013-14 £10 million). The employer contribution
cash flow rate forms part of the payroll expense and is paid into the Royal Mail Pension Plan (RMPP) (RM section). The contribution rate is set following each actuarial funding
valuation, usually every three years. These actuarial valuations are required to be carried out on assumptions determined by the Trustee and agreed by Royal Mail
UK Defined Contribution Scheme
The Group operates the Royal Mail Defined Contribution Plan, which was launched in April 2009 and is open to employees who joined the
Company from 31 March 2008 following closure of the Royal Mail Pension Plan (RMPP) to new members.
Ongoing UK defined contribution scheme costs have increased from £25 million in 2013-14 to £38 million, mainly due to an increase in the
average employer’s contribution rate from 3.8 per cent in 2013-14 to 5.4 per cent.
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
19
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
8. Employee benefits – pensions (continued)
UK Defined Benefit Schemes
Royal Mail Group Limited had one of the largest defined benefit pension schemes in the UK (based on membership and assets), called the
RMPP. On 1 April 2012 (one week into the 2012-13 reporting year) – after the granting of State Aid approval by the European Commission
to HM Government on 21 March 2012 – almost all of the historic pension liabilities and pension assets of RMPP, built up until 31 March
2012, were transferred to a new HM Government pension scheme, the Royal Mail Statutory Pension Scheme (RMSPS).
On this date, RMPP was also sectionalised, with Royal Mail Group Limited and Post Office Limited each responsible for their own sections
from 1 April 2012 onwards.
The transfer left the Royal Mail section (RM section) of the RMPP fully funded on an actuarial basis. This means that, using long-term
actuarial assumptions agreed at that date, it was predicted the Company would have to make no further cash deficit correction payments
relating to the historic liabilities. All further references in this note to the RMPP, relate to its RM section.
Royal Mail Pension Plan (RMPP)
The RMPP is funded by the payment of contributions to separate trustee administered funds. RMPP includes sections A, B and C, each with
different terms and conditions:
Section A is for members (or beneficiaries of members) who joined before 1 December 1971;
Section B is for members (or beneficiaries of members) who joined on or after 1 December 1971 and before 1 April 1987 or for members
of Section A who chose to receive Section B benefits; and
Section C is for members (or beneficiaries of members) who joined on or after 1 April 1987 and before 1 April 2008. Benefits provided are
based on career salary blocks for years’ service, revalued annually.
Following conclusion of the March 2012 actuarial valuation, the regular future service contribution rate for RMPP, expressed as a percentage
of pensionable pay, remained at 17.1 per cent. As the valuation showed the Plan to be in surplus, no deficit correction payments are
currently being made by the Company. The Group expects to contribute around £369 million to the RMPP in respect of normal cash service
costs in 2015-16.
Royal Mail Senior Executives Pension Plan (RMSEPP)
The Group also contributes to a smaller defined benefit scheme for executives, RMSEPP – which closed in December 2012 to future accrual.
The Company therefore makes no regular future service contributions. As agreed in the March 2012 actuarial valuation the Company makes
deficit correction payments of £10 million per annum until at least the date on which the 2018 valuation is completed (no later than 30
September 2018). Deficit correction payments in 2014-15 were £10 million (2013-14 £10 million).
A liability of £2 million (2013-14 £1 million) has been recognised for future payment of pension benefits to a past Director.
Pensions Reform
In June 2013, the Company began a consultation with RMPP members on a proposal to ensure the RMPP could remain open to future
accrual, subject to certain conditions, at least until the conclusion of the next periodic review in March 2018. Subsequently, on 26 September
2013, the Company agreed with the RMPP Trustee to implement a Pensions Reform with effect from 1 April 2014.
The agreed changes due to the Pensions Reform were considered to be a ‘Plan amendment’ which met the IAS 19 definition of a past service
cost, and as such £1,350 million was recognised in the income statement of the Group for the comparative year ended 30 March 2014.
Accounting and actuarial surplus position (RMPP and RMSEPP)
Fair value of schemes’ assets (8(b) below)
Present value of schemes’ liabilities
Surplus in schemes (pre IFRIC 14 adjustment)
IFRIC 14 adjustment
Surplus in schemes
Accounting (IAS 19)
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
6,619
(3,425)
3,194
(15)
3,179
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
3,833
(2,097)
1,736
(13)
1,723
Actuarial/cash funding
Reported
at 31 March
2015
£m
6,462
(4,669)
1,793
n/a
1,793
Reported
at 31 March
2014
£m
3,873
(2,451)
1,422
n/a
1,422
There is no element of the present value of the schemes’ liabilities above that arises from schemes that are wholly unfunded. The actuarial
liabilities calculated for the Annual Report and Financial Statements are required within shorter timescales, which can lead to differences in
approximations and assumptions compared to the scheme actuary’s funding updates.
The surplus in RMSEPP is assumed to be available as a refund as per IFRIC 14 and, as such, is shown net of taxation withheld.
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Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
8. Employee benefits – pensions (continued)
The surplus in RMPP is assumed to be recoverable as a reduction to future employer contributions. Therefore, no IFRIC 14 adjustment
is required. The Directors do not believe that the current excess of pension scheme assets over the liabilities on an accounting basis will
result in an excess of pension assets on a funding basis. However, the Directors are required to account for the pension scheme based
on their legal right to benefit from a surplus, using long-term actuarial assumptions current at the reporting date, as required by IFRS.
The actuarial/cash funding surplus of £1,793 million at 31 March 2015 (31 March 2014 surplus of £1,422 million) allows the RMPP to
remain open for the benefit of the members at least until March 2018, subject to certain conditions (as part of the Pensions Reform
agreement), without requiring either the Company or individuals to make unaffordable increases to their cash contributions.
The funding liabilities have increased more than the accounting liabilities since they are calculated by reference to gilt yields which have
fallen to a greater extent than corporate bond yields on which the accounting liabilities are calculated. As a result, the funding surplus has
increased less than the accounting surplus.
The following disclosures relate to the major assumptions, sensitivities, surplus and gains/losses in the RMPP and RMSEPP defined
benefit schemes.
a) Major long-term assumptions used for accounting (IAS 19) purposes - RMPP and RMSEPP
The major assumptions used to calculate the accounting position of the pension schemes were as follows:
Retail Price Index (RPI)
Consumer Price Index (CPI)
Discount rate
– nominal
– real (nominal less RPI)3
Rate of increase in pensionable salaries4
Rate of increase for deferred pensions
Rate of pension increases – RMPP Sections A/B
Rate of pension increases – RMPP Section C4
Rate of pension increases – RMSEPP members transferred from Section A or B of RMPP
Rate of pension increases – RMSEPP all other members4
Life expectancy from age 60 – for a current 40/60 year old male RMPP member
Life expectancy from age 60 – for a current 40/60 year old female RMPP member
Reported
at 29 March
2015
3.1%
2.1%
3.5%
0.4%
RPI–0.1%
CPI
CPI
RPI–0.1%
CPI
RPI–0.1%
29/27 years
32/30 years
Reported
at 30 March
2014
3.4%
2.4%
4.5%
1.1%
RPI–0.1%
CPI
CPI
RPI-0.1%
CPI
RPI-0.1%
29/27 years
32/30 years
3 The real discount rate used reflects the long average duration of the RMPP scheme of around 30 years
4 The rate of increase in salaries, and the rate of pension increase for Section C members (who joined RMPP on or after April 1987) and RMSEPP ‘all other members’, is capped
at five per cent, which results in the average long-term pension increase assumption being 10 basis points lower than the RPI long-term assumption
Mortality
The mortality assumptions for RMPP are based on the latest Self Administered Pension Scheme (SAPS) S1 mortality tables with appropriate
scaling factors (106 per cent for male pensioners and 101 per cent for female pensioners). Future improvements are based on the CMI 2012
core projections with a long-term trend of 1.25 per cent per annum.
Sensitivity analysis for RMPP liabilities
The RMPP liabilities are sensitive to changes in key assumptions. The potential impact of the largest sensitivities on the RMPP liabilities is
as follows:
Key assumption change
Additional one year of life expectancy
Increase in inflation rate (both RPI and CPI simultaneously) of 0.1% p.a.
Decrease in discount rate of 0.1% p.a.
Increase in CPI assumption (assuming RPI remains constant) of 0.1% p.a.
Potential
increase in
liabilities
£m
95
90
90
25
This sensitivity analysis has been determined based on a method that assesses the impact on the defined benefit obligation, resulting from
reasonable changes in key assumptions occurring at the end of the reporting year. Changes opposite to those in the table (e.g. an increase in
discount rate) would have the opposite effect on liabilities.
The average duration of the RMPP obligation is 30 years (2013-14 28 years).
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
21
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
8. Employee benefits – pensions (continued)
b) Schemes’ assets – RMPP and RMSEPP
Reported at 29 March 2015
Unquoted
£m
Quoted
£m
Total
£m
Reported at 30 March 2014
Quoted
£m
Unquoted
£m
Total
£m
Equities
UK
Overseas
Bonds
Fixed interest – UK
Fixed interest – Overseas
Index linked – UK
Index linked – Overseas
Pooled investments
Managed funds
Unit Trusts
Property (UK)
Cash and cash equivalents
Other
Derivatives
Total schemes’ assets
22
411
60
525
195
-
576
4,166
23
175
25
(27)
6,151
165
–
8
–
–
–
–
–
295
–
–
–
468
187
411
68
525
195
–
576
4,166
318
175
25
(27)
6,619
28
321
101
371
156
–
303
1,864
20
345
5
(1)
3,513
82
–
8
–
–
–
–
–
230
–
–
–
320
110
321
109
371
156
–
303
1,864
250
345
5
(1)
3,833
There were no open equity derivatives within this portfolio at 29 March 2015 (at 30 March 2014 £nil million). Included within the pension
assets are £3.7 billion (2013-14 £2.0 billion) of HM Government Bonds. The schemes’ assets do not include property occupied by the Group,
the Group’s own shares, or assets used by the Group.
Risk exposure and investment strategy
The investment strategy of the RMPP Trustee aims to safeguard the assets of the Plan and to provide, together with contributions, the
financial resource from which benefits are paid. Investment is inevitably exposed to risks. The investment risks inherent in the investment
markets are partially mitigated by pursuing a widely diversified approach across asset classes and investment managers. The RMPP uses
derivatives (such as swaps and futures) to reduce risks whilst maintaining expected investment returns. The RMPP Trustee recognises that
there is a natural conflict between improving the potential for positive return and limiting the potential for poor return. The RMPP Trustee
has specified objectives for the investment policy that balance these requirements.
The largest risks faced by the Plan are movements in interest rates and inflation rates. To reduce the risk of movements in these rates driving the
Plan into a funding deficit, and the Company not being able to maintain its March 2018 commitment, the Trustee aims to hedge in advance the
funding liabilities which will build up by March 2018. The liabilities projected to accrue to March 2017 have already been hedged – predominantly
through investment in gilts and derivatives (interest rate and inflation rate swaps) held in Unit Trust pooled investments providing economic exposure
to gilts. The impact of the Plan’s advance hedging of projected funding liabilities is to increase volatility in the pension surplus due to the return on the
liability hedging assets not being matched by an increase in the accrued liabilities. As the accrued liabilities get closer to the projected liabilities that
have been hedged, this volatility will reduce. The increase in the liability hedged assets is predominantly reflected in the Unit Trust values above which
have increased from £1,864 million at 30 March 2014 to £4,166 million at 29 March 2015.
The notional value covered by the interest rate swaps (full exposure to the relevant asset class incurred by entering into a derivative contract)
held in a specific managed portfolio for this purpose at 29 March 2015 is £2.5 billion (at 30 March 2014 £2.3 billion) and the notional value
covered by the inflation rate swaps at 29 March 2015 is £1.8 billion (at 30 March 2014 £1.5 billion).
The spread of investments continues to balance security and growth in order to pay the RMPP benefits when they become due.
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Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
8. Employee benefits – pensions (continued)
c) Movement in schemes’ assets, liabilities and net position – RMPP and RMSEPP
Changes in the value of the defined benefit pension liabilities, fair value of the schemes’ assets and the net defined benefit asset/(liability) are
analysed as follows:
Retirement benefit surplus (pre IFRIC 14 adjustment) at 31 March 2014 and
1 April 2013
Amounts included in the income statement:
Ongoing UK defined benefit pension scheme costs (included in People costs, note 12)
Royal Mail Pension Plan amendment
Pension interest income/(cost)5
Total included in profit before tax
Amounts included in other comprehensive income – remeasurement
gains/(losses):
Actuarial gain/(loss) arising from:
Demographic assumptions
Financial assumptions
Experience adjustment
Return on schemes’ assets (excluding interest income)
Total actuarial gains/(losses) on defined benefit schemes
Other:
Employer contributions
Employee contributions
Benefits paid
Curtailment costs
Movement in pension-related accruals
Total other movements
Retirement benefit surplus (pre IFRIC 14 adjustment) at 29 March 2015
and 30 March 2014
Defined benefit asset
Reported
2015
£m
Reported
2014
£m
Defined benefit liability
Reported
2014
£m
Reported
2015
£m
Net defined benefit
asset/(liability)
Reported
2015
£m
Reported
2014
£m
3,833
3,343
(2,097)
(2,513)
1,736
830
–
–
183
183
–
–
172
172
(508)
-
(108)
(616)
(448)
1,350
(103)
799
(508)
-
75
(433)
(448)
1,350
69
971
–
–
–
2,097
2,097
409
129
(33)
–
1
506
–
–
–
(203)
(203)
407
136
(25)
–
3
521
-
(590)
5
–
(585)
–
(129)
33
(31)
-
(127)
4
(256)
2
–
(250)
–
(136)
25
(20)
(2)
(133)
-
(590)
5
2,097
1,512
409
–
–
(31)
1
379
4
(256)
2
(203)
(453)
407
–
–
(20)
1
388
6,619
3,833
(3,425)
(2,097)
3,194
1,736
5 Pension interest income results from applying the schemes’ discount rate at 30 March 2014 to the schemes’ assets at that date. Similarly, the pension interest cost results from
applying the schemes’ discount rate as at 30 March 2014 to the schemes’ liabilities at that date
The return on assets has been driven by the increase in market value of gilts, which the RMPP Trustee holds as part of its liability hedging strategy.
This strategy has been agreed with the Company to support the commitment Royal Mail has made to its employees, which is that, subject to certain
conditions, RMPP will remain open until at least March 2018.
In addition to the above items which affect the defined benefit asset, additional curtailment costs of £10 million (2013-14 £34 million) were
recognised in the income statement on a consistent basis with the associated redundancy costs. Estimates of both are included in any
redundancy provision raised.
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
23
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
8. Employee benefits – pensions (continued)
d) Pension cash flows
The analysis below shows how the defined benefit scheme employer contributions in note 8(c) reconcile with the defined benefit scheme
pension cash flows in note 7.
Ongoing defined benefit (RMPP) scheme employer contributions
Deficit correction payments (RMSEPP)
Pension (RMPP) top-up payments relating to voluntary redundancy – within transformation operating expenditure
Employer defined benefit scheme contributions (note 8(c))
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
369
10
30
409
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
380
10
17
407
9. Earnings per share
This note explains the calculation of the Group’s earnings per share. The calculation for the comparative year is based on the
1,000,000,000 shares that were issued part way through that year (September 2013) and which were subsequently listed on the London
Stock Exchange in October 2013. The note also includes non-GAAP ‘adjusted’ information.
Profit from continuing operations attributable to equity holders of the parent (£m)
Weighted average number of shares issued (million)
Basic earnings per share (pence)
Diluted earnings per share (pence)
52 weeks 2015
52 weeks 2014
Reported
325
1,000
32.5
32.5
Adjusted
428
1,000
42.8
42.8
Reported
1,275
1,000
127.5
127.5
Adjusted
306
1,000
30.6
30.6
The diluted earnings per share for the year ended 29 March 2015 is based on a weighted average number of shares of 1,001,485,583 to
take account of the issue of potential ordinary shares resulting from the Long-Term Incentive Plan (LTIP) for certain senior management and
the Save As You Earn (SAYE) scheme that was launched during the reporting year (note 10).
The basic and diluted earnings per share for the comparative year ended 30 March 2014 assumed that one billion shares in issue at the date
of the Company’s listing on the London Stock Exchange (15 October 2013) existed for the whole of that reporting year.
10. Share-based payment
This note provides details about the Free Shares awarded to employees, including the associated accounting charge to the Group’s
income statement under IFRS 2, and the number of shares held in the Share Incentive Plan (SIP) at the end of the reporting year. Details
of shares awarded under the Long-Term Incentive Plan (LTIP) and Save As You Earn (SAYE) scheme are also included.
Employee Free Shares
Ordinary shares representing ten per cent of the value of the Company were granted free of charge to eligible employees on 15 October
2013, the date of the Initial Public Offering. These Free Shares are held on behalf of employees in an HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC)-
approved Share Incentive Plan (SIP) administered by Equiniti Share Plan Trustees Limited (Equiniti).
613 shares were awarded to each eligible full-time employee as their 2013 SIP allocation. The Company allocated a further 116 shares (729
in total – see below) to eligible full-time employees on 9 April 2014 as a 2014 SIP allocation, subject to them remaining employees of Royal
Mail Group Limited.
The 729 total shares awarded to eligible full-time employees comprises the 725 initial, expected allocation of shares and an additional four
shares resulting from the reallocation of shares forfeited by certain employees who left the Group during the 2013-14 reporting period.
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Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
10. Share-based payment (continued)
Part-time eligible employees have been allocated a pro-rata number of shares. All allocated shares will be equity-settled.
The fair value of the award of Free Shares is £510 million (including £20 million National Insurance) which is being charged to the income
statement on a straight line basis, adjusted for ‘good leavers’ and forfeitures, over the period of vesting (three years for the 2013 SIP and
four years for the 2014 SIP, in each case from the award date).
A charge to the income statement of £169 million (including £6 million National Insurance) has been made for the year ended 29 March
2015 for both SIP allocations, as they were granted as one award.
The Free Shares are held in a Trust funded by Royal Mail and may only be distributed to, or for the benefit of, eligible employees. The Trust
is under the control of the Company and is operating for its benefit. At 29 March 2015 the Trust has been included in these consolidated
financial statements.
A reconciliation of the ordinary shares held in the SIP at 29 March 2015 is shown below.
Initial shares award on 15 October 2013
Shares transferred out of SIP – ‘good leavers’
Remaining shares to be allocated
Total shares remaining in SIP at 30 March 2014
Shares transferred out of SIP during the reporting period (‘good leavers’)
Total shares remaining in SIP at 29 March 2015
Number of
shares
84,415,327
(809,247)
15,744,673
99,350,753
(4,494,836)
94,855,917
Of the total shares remaining in the scheme 92,983,863 are allocated to current employees. The remaining 1,872,054 shares are
unallocated, of which 1,763,804 arose as a result of forfeitures, with a further 108,250 not subject to allocation under either SIP.
Award of shares under the Long-Term Incentive Plan (LTIP)
The 2013 LTIP is a three-year scheme that vests in March 2016. This scheme is being treated as a cash-settled scheme on the assumption
that the award will result in cash payment. The fair value of the award reflects the share price at the reporting year end date of 29 March
2015 at which point the value was £5 million (2013-14 £5 million).
A further LTIP award was granted to senior management on 31 March 2014 (2014 LTIP). This award is equity-settled with the fair value of
the shares awarded being set at the grant date market value of 450.4 pence. A total of 3.5 million shares have the potential to vest under
the 2014 LTIP.
The total income statement charge arising from both LTIP schemes is summarised in the table below.
2013 LTIP
2014 LTIP
Total
The LTIP shares are not part of the SIP explained above. Further details of both the 2013 and 2014 LTIP plans can be found in the
Directors’ remuneration report on pages 64 – 75.
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
-
5
5
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
5
–
5
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
25
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
10. Share-based payment (continued)
Save As You Earn Share (SAYE) share option scheme
On 24 July 2014 a SAYE share option scheme was introduced for eligible employees. Under the terms of the scheme the Board permits the
grant of options in respect of ordinary shares in the Company to those employees who enter into an HMRC-approved SAYE savings contract.
These contracts are for a term of three years with contributions from employees of an amount between £5 and £59 each month. The
options purchased may be exercised during the six month period following the end of the contract at a subscription price of not less than 80
per cent of the average of the mid-market quotations of an ordinary share over the three dealing days immediately preceding the offer date.
A charge to the Group income statement of £1 million has been made for the year ended 29 March 2015 in relation to the SAYE scheme.
The table below shows the movements in share options during the reporting period.
Balance at the beginning of the reporting period
Options granted
Options exercised
Options forfeited
Balance at the end of the reporting period
Number of
options
–
14,956,040
(65)
(174,435)
14,781,540
For SAYE options exercised during the period, the weighted average share price at the date of exercise was 429 pence. The weighted average
exercise price for each of the above categories of share options is 360 pence.
As a result of the scheme rules for good leavers, 43,850 (2013-14 nil) share options were exercisable at 29 March 2015 at a weighted
average exercise price of 360 pence.
The fair values of the options granted during the year have been calculated using the Black-Scholes model assuming the inputs shown
below. Expected volatility has been estimated by reference to historical trends of share price movements of similarly regulated FTSE 100
companies. The fair value of the options granted is expensed over the service period of three years on the assumption that 11 per cent of
options will lapse over the service period as employees leave the Group.
Grant date
Share price at grant date (pence)
Exercise price (pence)
Option life (years)
Risk-free rate (%)
Expected volatility (%)
Expected dividend yield (%)
Estimated share price growth (%)
Fair value of option (pence)
3-year plan
1 October 2014
450
360
3.35
1.4
17.3
4.6
9.2
65
11. Dividends
This note provides details on the value of dividends paid to equity holders of the parent Company during the year. Details are also
provided on the price per share at which dividends have been paid and proposed.
Dividends on ordinary shares
Paid final dividend
Paid interim dividend
Total dividend
Reported
52 weeks
2015
Pence per
share
13.3
6.7
20.0
Reported
52 weeks
2014
Pence per
share
–
–
–
Reported
52 weeks
2015
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
133
67
200
£m
–
–
–
In addition to the above dividends paid the Directors are proposing a final dividend for the year ending 29 March 2015 of 14.3 pence per
share with a total value of £143 million. This dividend will be paid to shareholders on 31 July 2015 subject to approval at the AGM to be
held on 23 July 2015.
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Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Other notes – income statement
The notes in this section provide details of people costs and numbers and other operating costs (e.g. pensions, depreciation and
amortisation and operating lease charges).
12. People information
13. Operating costs
102
103
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
27
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
12. People information
Of the total Group operating costs, 61 per cent (2013-14 61 per cent) relate to our people. This note provides a breakdown of our people
costs and numbers as well as specific disclosures in relation to Directors’ emoluments. Further details on Directors’ emoluments paid can
be found in the Directors’ remuneration report.
People costs
Wages and salaries
UK based
GLS
Pensions
Defined benefit UK
Defined contribution UK
GLS
Social security
UK based
GLS
Group total
Defined benefit pension rate:
Income statement
Cash flow
Defined contribution pension average rate:
Income statement and cash flow1
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
(4,433)
(4,138)
(295)
(552)
(508)
(38)
(6)
(374)
(321)
(53)
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
(4,411)
(4,120)
(291)
(479)
(448)
(25)
(6)
(377)
(322)
(55)
(5,359)
(5,267)
23.6%
17.1%
20.3%
17.1%
5.4%
3.8%
1 Employer contribution rates are one per cent for employees in the entry level category and five to seven per cent for those in the standard level category, depending on the
employees’ selected contribution rate
People numbers
The number of people employed during the reporting year, on a headcount basis, was as follows:
UKPIL
GLS – continuing operations
- discontinued operations2
UK partially owned subsidiaries
Group total
Period end
52 weeks
2015
142,910
13,754
655
3,199
160,518
52 weeks
2014
148,441
13,181
630
3,999
166,251
Average employees
52 weeks
2015
145,205
13,400
642
3,543
162,790
52 weeks
2014
149,172
12,980
612
4,049
166,813
2 The discontinued operations relates to GLS Germany’s subsidiary DPD Systemlogistik GmbH & Co. KG (notes 24 and 31)
Directors’ emoluments
Directors’ emoluments3
Amounts earned under Long-Term Incentive Plans (LTIP)4
Number of Directors accruing benefits under defined benefit schemes
Number of Directors accruing benefits under defined contribution schemes
3 These amounts include any cash supplements received in lieu of pension
4 The 2014 LTIP amount consists of £1,327,000 for each of the 2010 and 2011 LTIP awards that vested at 30 March 2014
102
28
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£000
(3,305)
(877)
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£000
(3,173)
(2,654)
-
1
–
1
Royal Mail plc
13. Operating costs
Below is an analysis of operating costs in the income statement that because of their materiality or nature require separate disclosure
under IFRS.
Operating profit before transformation costs is stated after charging the following operating costs:
Ongoing pension costs (note 8) (included in ‘People costs’)
Post Office Limited charges (included in ‘Other operating costs’)
Depreciation and amortisation (included in ‘Infrastructure costs’)
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment (note 21)
Amortisation of intangible assets (mainly software – note 23)
Charges from overseas postal administrations (included in ‘Distribution and conveyance costs’)
Fuel costs (included in ‘Distribution and conveyance costs’)
Fuel stock expensed
Other fuel costs (non-stock)
Other inventory expensed (included in ‘Other operating costs’)
Operating lease charges
Property, plant and equipment (included in ‘Other operating costs’)
Vehicles (included in ‘Distribution and conveyance costs’)
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
(552)
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
(479)
(358)
(358)
(279)
(242)
(37)
(274)
(241)
(33)
(311)
(322)
(186)
(115)
(71)
(195)
(130)
(65)
(43)
(47)
(147)
(136)
(11)
(158)
(146)
(12)
VAT credit (resulting from VAT recovery rate changes agreed with HMRC) (included across all cost types)
5
35
Research and development expenditure during the year amounted to £nil million (2013-14 £nil million).
The following disclosure is relevant in understanding the extent of costs in relation to the regulation of the Group.
Regulatory body costs
Ofcom
Citizens Advice/Consumer Council for Northern Ireland (both formerly Consumer Futures)
Total
Disclosure of statutory audit costs is a requirement of the Companies Act 2006.
Auditor’s fees
Audit of statutory financial statements
Other fees to Auditor:
Statutory audits for subsidiaries
Other services (including regulatory audits)
Transaction-related support services
Taxation services
Total
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
(3)
(4)
(7)
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
(4)
(3)
(7)
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£000
(390)
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£000
(402)
(1,494)
(231)
-
(177)
(2,292)
(1,423)
(257)
(4,025)
(178)
(6,285)
The Group paid £90,000 additional amounts in 2014-15 in respect of the 2013-14 audit (£90,000 in 2013-14 in respect of the
2012-13 audit).
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
29
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
Other notes – financial assets, financial liabilities and hedging programmes
The notes in this section explain how the Group is financed, including details of associated risks, interest rates, additional loan facilities
available and hedging programmes in place to mitigate volatility in commodity prices and foreign currency exchange rates.
14. Financial assets and liabilities – summary and management of financial risk
15. Cash and cash equivalents
16. Loans and borrowings
17. Financial liabilities – net and gross maturity analysis
18. Financial assets and liabilities – additional analysis
19. Hedging programmes
105
108
108
109
111
115
104
30
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
14. Financial assets and liabilities – summary and management of financial risk
Below is a summary of financial assets (e.g. cash, investments and deposits) and liabilities (e.g. loans and finance lease obligations) and
details of how the various risks associated with these assets and liabilities are managed. Subsequent notes in this section provide more
detailed disclosures on specific financial assets and liabilities.
The Group’s financial assets and liabilities are shown in the table below.
RMSEPP pension escrow investments
Cash and cash equivalents
Other bank and local authority deposits
Derivative assets
Total financial assets
Syndicated bank loans
€500 million bond – 2.375% Senior Fixed Rate Notes due July 2024
Total loans and borrowings
Finance leases obligations
Derivative liabilities
Total financial liabilities
Reported at 29 March 2015
Reported at 30 March 2014
Non-current
£m
20
–
–
2
22
-
(366)
(366)
(179)
(14)
(559)
Current
£m
–
287
56
5
348
–
–
–
(93)
(34)
(127)
Total
£m
20
287
56
7
370
-
(366)
(366)
(272)
(48)
(686)
Non-current
£m
20
–
–
3
23
(600)
–
(600)
(255)
(5)
(860)
Current
£m
–
366
1
2
369
–
–
–
(87)
(12)
(99)
Total
£m
20
366
1
5
392
(600)
–
(600)
(342)
(17)
(959)
Financial assets and liabilities – financial risk management objectives and policies
The Group’s principal financial assets and liabilities comprise short-term deposits, money market liquidity investments, loans (including
bonds), finance leases and cash. The main purposes of these financial instruments are to raise finance and manage the liquidity needs of the
business’ operations. The Group has various other financial instruments, such as trade receivables and trade payables, which arise directly
from operations and are not disclosed further in this section.
The Group enters into derivative transactions, which create derivative assets and liabilities; principally commodity price swaps, interest rate
swaps and forward currency contracts. Their purpose is to manage the commodity, interest rate and currency risks arising from the Group’s
operations and finances.
It is, and has been throughout the year under review, the Group’s policy that no speculative trading in financial instruments shall be
undertaken.
The main risks arising from the Group’s financial assets and liabilities are interest rate risk, liquidity risk, foreign currency risk, commodity
price and credit risk. The Board reviews and agrees policies for managing these risks, each of which is summarised below.
Interest rate risk
The Group’s exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates arises from the Group’s loans, leases and interest bearing financial assets.
The €500 million bond valued at £366 million (2013-14 £nil million) is at a fixed interest rate. Drawings under the syndicated bank loan
facilities of £nil million (2013-14 £600 million) are at floating rates but interest rates on £150 million of Term Loan A had been fixed
over the life of the loan facility by entering into interest rate swaps until the remaining swaps were sold when the term loan was repaid on
9 March 2015. The combined average maturity date of drawn loans is 2024 (2013-14 average maturity date of 2017). The finance lease
obligations of £272 million are all at a fixed rate (2013-14 £342 million, all at fixed rate). The total interest bearing financial assets of the
Group (excluding the non-current investments) of £269 million (2013-14 £395 million), which consist of the fixed and floating rate cash and
cash equivalent investments, plus the current financial asset investments, are at short-dated fixed or variable interest rates with an average
maturity of 31 days (2013-14 an average maturity of three days). These short-dated financial instruments are maturity managed to obtain
the best value out of the interest yield curve.
The Group’s policy is to manage its net interest expense using an appropriate mix of fixed and floating rate financial instruments, combined
with external hedging of interest rate risk, as appropriate, to keep a high percentage of its net debt fixed.
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
31
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
14. Financial assets and liabilities – summary and management of financial risk
(continued)
Foreign currency transaction risk
The Group is exposed to foreign currency risk due to interest payments on the €500 million bond, trading with overseas postal operators for
carrying UK mail abroad and delivering foreign origin mail in the UK, and various purchase contracts denominated in foreign currency (all of
these exposures are in UKPIL). GLS’ reporting currency is the Euro and most of its revenues and profits are Euro based. There is some
exposure to non-Euro currencies, principally in emerging European markets.
These risks are mitigated by hedging programmes managed by Group Treasury. Where possible, exposures are netted internally and any
remaining exposure is hedged using a combination of external spot and forward contracts. Hedging will not normally be considered for
exposures of less than £1 million and hedging is normally confined to 80 per cent of the forecast exposure where forecast cash flows are
highly probable.
Foreign currency risk translational risk
The Group’s functional currency is Sterling. GLS’ functional currency is the Euro. GLS Euro profits are converted at the average exchange
rate for the year, which can result in reported growth or decline that does not relate to underlying performance. GLS’ balance sheet is
converted at year end exchange rates, and movements related to foreign currency translation are taken to equity.
UKPIL’s obligation to settle with overseas postal operators is denominated in Special Drawing Rights (SDRs) – a basket of currencies
comprised of US Dollar, Japanese Yen, Sterling and Euro. Group Treasury operates a rolling 18-month hedge programme, which is
subsequently reviewed on a quarterly basis.
UKPIL’s obligations to settle conveyance charges in US Dollars have been hedged to April 2015, when the exposure ends and the hedge
programme finishes.
UKPIL has two active hedge programmes (commenced during the reporting period) and two hedge programmes which completed during the
current and previous reporting period, covering obligations to settle Euro invoices on automation projects.
The €500 million bond issued by Royal Mail in July 2014 acts as a hedge of part of the translation exposure created by the net assets of
GLS. The bond is revalued at year end exchange rates and the movement taken to equity to offset the movement taken to equity from the
revaluation of GLS’ balance sheet. The remaining net assets of GLS in excess of €500 million are not hedged. Royal Mail hedges the
transactional exposure created by intercompany loans with GLS and uses the translational exposure arising from GLS Euro profits to offset
with other transactional exposures.
Commodity price risk
UKPIL is exposed to fuel price risk arising from operating one of the largest vehicle fleets in Europe, which consumes over 130 million litres
of fuel per year, and a jet fuel price risk arising from the purchasing of air freight services. The Group’s fuel risk management strategy aims
to reduce uncertainty created by the movements in the oil and foreign currency markets. The strategy uses over-the-counter derivative
products (in both US Dollar commodity price and US Dollar/Sterling exchange rate) to manage these exposures.
In addition, the Group is exposed to the commodity price risk of purchasing electricity and gas. The Group’s risk management strategy aims to
reduce uncertainty created by the movements in the electricity and gas markets. These exposures are managed by locking into fixed rate
price contracts with suppliers and using over-the-counter derivative products.
As the GLS business model works using subcontractors, responsible for purchasing their own fuel, GLS has no direct exposure to diesel costs.
The only other significant commodity exposure within GLS is electricity, which is fragmented across its European bases. In view of the other
highly hedged positions in Royal Mail, the Group takes the view that the unhedged exposure arising from the commodities in GLS does not
add significant risk to the Group.
Credit risk
UKPIL considers that a fair and equitable credit policy is in operation for all its account customers. The level of credit granted is based on a
customer’s risk profile, assessed by an independent credit referencing agent. The credit policy is applied rigidly within the regulated products
area so as to ensure that UKPIL is not in breach of compliance legislation. Assessment of credit for the non-regulated products is based on
commercial factors, which are commensurate with the Group’s appetite for risk.
UKPIL has a dedicated credit management team, which sets and monitors credit limits, and takes corrective action as and when appropriate.
The level of bad debt incurred for the whole Group is 0.1 per cent (2013-14 0.1 per cent) of turnover. An analysis of debtor ageing is
included within note 26.
With respect to credit risk arising from other financial assets of the Group, which comprise cash, cash equivalent investments, loans and
receivables financial assets and certain derivative instruments, the Group invests/trades only with high-quality financial institutions. The
Group’s exposure to credit risk arises from default of the counterparty, with a maximum exposure equal to the carrying amount of these
instruments.
The table below analyses the Group’s financial asset and cash equivalent investments and derivatives by credit rating.
106
32
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
14. Financial assets and liabilities – summary and management of financial risk
(continued)
Cash equivalent investments
Other bank and local authority deposits
RMSEPP pension escrow investments
Derivative assets
Total
Cash equivalent investments
Other bank and local authority deposits
RMSEPP pension escrow investments
Derivative assets
Total
AAAm/
AAAmf
110
-
20
-
130
AAAm/
AAAmf
255
-
20
-
275
AAA
-
-
-
-
-
AAA
-
-
-
-
-
Reported at 29 March 2015
AA+
to AA-
-
-
-
2
2
A+
to A-
30
55
-
5
90
BBB+
and below
-
-
-
-
-
No rating
-
1
-
-
1
Reported at 30 March 2014
AA+
to AA-
60
-
-
2
62
A+
to A-
-
-
-
3
3
BBB+
and below
-
-
-
-
-
No rating
-
1
-
-
1
Total
140
56
20
7
223
Total
315
1
20
5
341
The deposit with no rating is with a local authority and matures in 2015.
GLS operates a decentralised credit management model whereby each country is responsible for managing the credit risk associated with
its customers. Where appropriate, external credit checks are performed for new and existing customers, taking into account the customer
profile, expected volume of business and consequent risk to the Company.
Liquidity risk
The Group’s primary objective is to ensure that the Group has sufficient funds available to meet its financial obligations as they fall due.
This is achieved by aligning short-term investments and borrowing facilities with forecast cash flows. Typical short-term investments include
money market funds and term deposits with approved counterparties. Borrowing facilities are regularly reviewed to ensure continuity of
funding. The unused facilities for the Group of £1,050 million expire in 2020 (2013-14 £800 million expiring in 2018).
Capital management
The Group actively manages its capital which consists of total assets and liabilities (made up of investment, working capital, provisions and
net debt1) less the pension asset recognised at 29 March 2015. The Group’s defined benefit schemes are separately managed by RMPP and
RMSEPP Trustees and funded from Group contributions (note 8).
The objective of the Group’s capital management policy is to maintain sufficient capital to manage business risk, invest in the business and
deliver ongoing returns to shareholders.
The Group targets a capital structure with metrics consistent with an investment grade2 credit rating. This ensures the Group’s balance sheet
is robust enough to manage business risks as well as enabling efficient access to debt capital markets. During the year the Group obtained
and maintained a credit rating of BBB with a stable outlook from Standard & Poor’s.
The Group regularly monitors working capital and longer-term investment requirements to ensure sufficient liquidity is in place.
The Group ensures it has an appropriate mix of borrowing facilities in place to meet short and long-term funding requirements. During the
year the Group took advantage of market conditions to reduce the cost of debt and extend the facilities. The bond issue in July 2014 and the
amendments to the syndicated bank loan facility have reduced the cost of debt and extended the average maturity date of the Group’s
facilities to six years (2013-14 four years) whilst maintaining current levels of liquidity headroom. At 29 March 2015, the Group had
undrawn loan facilities of £1,050 million (2013-14 £800 million).
The Group ensures it meets the covenants and other obligations of the loan agreements. The syndicated bank loan facility covenants require
the Group to maintain the (leverage) ratio of adjusted net debt to EBITDA below 3:1 and EBITDA to interest (excluding arrangement fees)
above 3.5:1. Adjusted net debt consists of net debt plus Letters of Credit (contingent liabilities in respect of the UKPIL insurance programme,
where the possibility of an outflow of economic benefits is considered remote3) and is adjusted for exchange rate movements during the year.
The Group’s leverage ratio at 29 March 2015 was 0.4:1 (2013-14 0.7:1). The Group’s ratio of EBITDA to interest (excluding arrangement
fees) at 29 March 2015 was 40.4:1 (2013-14 31.4:1).
1 Net debt consists of loans, borrowings and lease creditors offset by cash and financial asset investments excluding derivatives
2
No worse than BBB- under Standard & Poor’s methodology
3
The lease arrangement for automation equipment, which required Royal Mail to arrange for the provision of Letters of Credit (2013-14 £37 million), was terminated during the
year and the Letters of Credit were cancelled, undrawn
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
33
107
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
14. Financial assets and liabilities – summary and management of financial risk
(continued)
Capital management (continued)
The Group is committed to growing dividends. The Board has recommended a final dividend of 14.3 pence per share. Including the interim
dividend of 6.7 pence per share, this represents a total dividend of 21.0 pence per share for 2014-15. This is a five per cent increase on the
previous year’s notional dividend of 20.0 pence per share.
Sensitivity
As a result of the mix of fixed and variable rate financial instruments and the currency and commodity hedge programmes in place, the
Group has no material exposure to operating profit risk from interest rate risk, exchange rate risk or commodity price risk (2013-14 £nil
million). The Group has an exposure to the exchange rate risk on translating the GLS net assets into Sterling on consolidation and an
offsetting exposure on translating the €500 million bond into Sterling at each balance sheet date. The impact of a five per cent strengthening
of Sterling during the reporting period would have been to reduce the Group net assets by £8 million (2013-14 £34 million).
15. Cash and cash equivalents
This note summarises the cash and cash equivalents balances held by the Group.
Cash and cash equivalents at 29 March 2015 and at 30 March 2014 are as follows:
Cash at bank and in hand
Client cash
Cash equivalent investments: Short-term bank and local authority deposits and money market fund investments
Total cash and cash equivalents
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
127
20
140
287
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
37
14
315
366
Cash and cash equivalents comprise amounts held physically in cash, bank balances available on demand and deposits for three months or
less, dependent on the immediate cash requirements of the Group. Where interest is earned, this is either at floating or short-term fixed
rates based upon bank deposit rates.
Client cash is cash collected from consignees by GLS on behalf of its posting customers.
16. Loans and borrowings
Details of loans and borrowings, including interest rates, additional loan facilities available and any security provided against the loans, are
provided below.
Below is a summary of loans and borrowings at the year end, the average interest rate, facility availability and security granted.
Syndicated bank loan facilities
€500 million bond – 2.375% Senior Fixed Rate Notes
Total
Reported at 29 March 2015
Loans and
borrowings
£m
-
366
366
Further
committed
facility
£m
1,050
-
1,050
Total
facility
£m
1,050
366
1,416
Average
interest rate
of loan drawn
down
%
Basis of interest
rate chargeable at
29 March 2015
n/a LIBOR plus 0.55%
2.5
Fixed at 2.5%
2.5
Average
maturity
date of
loan drawn
down
year
n/a
2024
2024
Average
maturity
date of
Loan
facility
year
2020
2024
2021
108
34
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
16. Loans and borrowings (continued)
Syndicated bank loan facilities
Term Loan A
Term Loan B
Revolving credit facilities
Total
Reported at 30 March 2014
Basis of
interest
rate
chargeable
at 29
March
2015 –
LIBOR plus
%
1.00
0.90
0.85
Average
interest
rate of
loan drawn
down
%
1.5
1.4
–
1.4
Total
facility
£m
300
300
800
1,400
Average
maturity
date of
loan drawn
down
Year
2018
2016
–
2017
Average
maturity
date of
loan
facility
Year
2018
2016
2018
2018
Loans and
borrowings
£m
300
300
–
600
Further
committed
facility
£m
–
–
800
800
The Group’s blended interest rate on loans and finance leases over the next year is forecast to be approximately three per cent.
The undrawn committed facilities, in respect of which all conditions precedent had been met at the balance sheet date, expire as follows:
Expiring in one year or less
Expiring in more than one year, but not more than two years
Expiring in more than two years
Total
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
–
–
1,050
1,050
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
–
–
800
800
There is no security in place under the syndicated bank loan facilities or the bond. Further details regarding covenants and interest can be
seen in note 5.
17. Financial liabilities – net and gross maturity analysis
This note focuses on loans and borrowings, finance leases and derivatives and provides further details of when amounts fall due, both for
principal and for total (i.e. including interest) contractual payments.
Below is a summary of when all the financial liabilities fall due.
Amounts falling due in:
One year or less or on demand (current)
More than one year (non-current)
More than one year but not more than two years
More than two years but not more than five years
More than five years
Total
Reported at 29 March 2015
Loans and
borrowings
£m
Finance
leases
£m
Derivative
liabilities
£m
–
366
–
-
366
93
179
74
90
15
366
272
34
14
13
1
-
48
Total
£m
127
559
87
91
381
686
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
35
109
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
financial statements (continued)
17. Financial liabilities – net and gross maturity analysis (continued)
17. Financial liabilities – net and gross maturity analysis (continued)
Amounts falling due in:
Amounts falling due in:
One year or less or on demand (current)
One year or less or on demand (current)
More than one year (non-current)
More than one year (non-current)
More than one year but not more than two years
More than one year but not more than two years
More than two years but not more than five years
More than two years but not more than five years
More than five years
More than five years
Loans and
Loans and
borrowings
borrowings
£m
£m
Reported at 30 March 2014
Reported at 30 March 2014
Derivative
Derivative
liabilities
liabilities
£m
£m
Finance
Finance
leases
leases
£m
£m
–
–
600
600
–
–
600
600
–
–
87
87
255
255
76
76
151
151
28
28
12
12
5
5
5
5
−
−
−
−
Total
Total
£m
£m
99
99
860
860
81
81
751
751
28
28
Total
959
Total
959
Obligations under finance leases are either unsecured or secured on the leased assets. The average interest rate is 3.5 per cent (2013-14
Obligations under finance leases are either unsecured or secured on the leased assets. The average interest rate is 3.5 per cent (2013-14
3.4 per cent). The average maturity date is between four and five years (2013-14 more than five years).
3.4 per cent). The average maturity date is between four and five years (2013-14 more than five years).
The tables below set out the gross (undiscounted) contractual cash flows of the Group’s financial liabilities. For overdrafts, loans and finance
The tables below set out the gross (undiscounted) contractual cash flows of the Group’s financial liabilities. For overdrafts, loans and finance
lease contracts, these cash flows represent the undiscounted total amounts payable including interest. The cash flows for the €500 million
lease contracts, these cash flows represent the undiscounted total amounts payable including interest. The cash flows for the €500 million
bond represent the undiscounted total amounts payable (annual interest payments and nominal amount repayment on maturity) which have
bond represent the undiscounted total amounts payable (annual interest payments and nominal amount repayment on maturity) which have
been converted to Sterling at 29 March 2015 market forward exchange rates.
been converted to Sterling at 29 March 2015 market forward exchange rates.
For derivatives that are settled gross, these cash flows represent the undiscounted gross payment due and do not reflect the accompanying
For derivatives that are settled gross, these cash flows represent the undiscounted gross payment due and do not reflect the accompanying
inflow. For derivatives that are settled net, these cash flows represent the undiscounted forecast outflow.
inflow. For derivatives that are settled net, these cash flows represent the undiscounted forecast outflow.
600
600
342
342
17
17
Amounts falling due in:
Amounts falling due in:
One year or less or on demand (current)
One year or less or on demand (current)
More than one year (non-current)
More than one year (non-current)
More than one year but not more than two years
More than one year but not more than two years
More than two years but not more than five years
More than two years but not more than five years
More than five years
More than five years
Total
Total
Less interest
Less interest
Less exchange rate adjustment
Less exchange rate adjustment
Net total
Net total
Gross
Gross
loans and
loans and
borrowings
borrowings
commitments
commitments
£m
£m
Gross
Gross
finance lease
finance lease
instalments
instalments
£m
£m
Reported at 29 March 2015
Reported at 29 March 2015
Gross
Gross
payments on
payments on
derivatives
derivatives
settled gross
settled gross
£m
£m
Sub-total
Sub-total
£m
£m
Gross
Gross
payments on
payments on
derivatives
derivatives
settled net
settled net
£m
£m
9
9
494
494
9
9
27
27
458
458
503
503
(93)
(93)
(44)
(44)
366
366
98
98
288
288
78
78
96
96
114
114
386
386
(114)
(114)
-
-
272
272
107
107
782
782
87
87
123
123
572
572
889
889
(207)
(207)
(44)
(44)
638
638
7
7
-
-
-
-
-
-
–
–
7
7
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
33
33
14
14
13
13
1
1
–
–
47
47
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
Total
Total
£m
£m
147
147
796
796
100
100
124
124
572
572
943
943
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
n/a
36
110
36
Royal Mail plc
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
17. Financial liabilities – net and gross maturity analysis (continued)
Amounts falling due in:
One year or less or on demand (current)
More than one year (non-current)
More than one year but not more than two years
More than two years but not more than five years
More than five years
Total
Less interest
Net total
Reported at 30 March 2014
Gross
loans and
borrowings
commitments
£m
Gross
finance lease
instalments
£m
9
642
13
629
–
651
(51)
600
94
356
82
161
113
450
(108)
342
Gross
payments on
derivatives
settled gross
£m
Gross
payments on
derivatives
settled net
£m
188
–
–
–
–
188
n/a
n/a
11
5
5
–
–
16
n/a
n/a
Sub-total
£m
103
998
95
790
113
1,101
(159)
942
Total
£m
302
1,003
100
790
113
1,305
n/a
n/a
18. Financial assets and liabilities – additional analysis
This note provides an analysis of the Sterling carrying values of the financial assets and liabilities held in various foreign currencies,
along with details of interest rates, interest rate risk and maturity timescales.
Table 1 shows all the financial assets and liabilities in detail and on a net basis. Table 2 shows the net amount by currency. Table 3
shows the respective assets/liabilities by whether they are fixed, floating or non-interest bearing. Table 4 shows the effective interest
rate and maturity analysed as fixed rate, floating rate and non-interest bearing.
Carrying amounts and fair values
Trade receivables, payables, prepayments and accruals have been omitted from this analysis on the basis that carrying value is a
reasonable approximation of fair value. Pension scheme assets and liabilities are also excluded. Fair values have been calculated using
current market prices (bond price, interest rates, forward exchange rates and commodity prices) and discounted using appropriate
discount rates. There are no material differences between the fair value (transaction price) of all financial instruments at initial
recognition and the fair value calculated using these valuation techniques. The fair value of the €500 million bond (non-current) is
£402 million at 29 March 2015 (2013-14 £nil million), calculated as the closing market bond price converted to Sterling using the
closing spot exchange rate. The fair value of total ‘Obligations under finance leases’ is £282 million (2013-14 £341 million). For all other
financial instruments fair value is equal to the carrying amount. The tables below also set out the carrying amount of the currency of the
Group’s financial instruments:
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
37
111
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
18. Financial assets and liabilities – additional analysis (continued)
The following tables show the currency, classification, maturity and effective interest rate of the Group’s financial assets and liabilities.
Table 1
Financial assets
Cash
Cash equivalent investments
Money market funds
Short-term deposits – bank
Cash and cash equivalents
Financial assets – investments (current) – bank and local government deposits
Financial assets – pension escrow investments (non-current) – RMSEPP pension escrow – money
market funds
Derivative assets – current
Derivative assets – non-current
Total financial assets
Financial liabilities
Obligations under finance leases (current)
Financial liabilities – loans and borrowings (non-current)
Syndicated bank loans
€500 million bond
Obligations under finance leases (non-current)
Derivative liabilities – current
Derivative liabilities – non-current
Total financial liabilities
Net total financial liabilities
Level
Classification
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
Loans and receivables
Loans and receivables
Loans and receivables
Loans and receivables
2
2
2
2
Amortised cost
Amortised cost
Amortised cost
Amortised cost
147
140
110
30
287
56
20
5
2
370
(93)
(366)
-
(366)
(179)
(34)
(14)
(686)
(316)
51
315
255
60
366
1
20
2
3
392
(87)
(600)
(600)
–
(255)
(12)
(5)
(959)
(567)
There are no financial assets or liabilities designated at fair value through the income statement on initial recognition.
The ‘Level’ classification in the above table is described in the ‘Fair value measurement of financial instruments’ section of ‘Significant
accounting policies’.
Derivative assets of £5 million current, £2 million non-current (2013-14 £2 million current, £3 million non-current) and liabilities of
£34 million current, £14 million non-current (2013-14 £12 million current, £5 million non-current) are valued at fair value. Effective
changes in the fair value of derivatives, which are part of a designated cash flow hedge under IAS 39, are deferred into equity. All other
changes in derivative fair value are taken straight to the income statement.
None of the financial assets listed above is either past due or considered to be impaired. The net total financial assets are held in various
different currencies as summarised in the table below. The majority of the non-Sterling financial assets (other than the €500 million bond)
are held within cash or derivatives.
Table 2
Reported net total financial (liabilities)/assets at 29 March 2015
Reported net total financial (liabilities)/assets at 30 March 2014
Sterling
£m
(34)
(638)
US$
£m
(33)
(4)
Euro
£m
(271)
57
Other
£m
22
18
Total
£m
(316)
(567)
Interest rate risk
Interest on financial instruments classified as floating rate is re-priced at intervals of less than one year. Interest on financial instruments
classified as fixed rate is fixed until the maturity of the instrument.
The tables below set out the carrying amount, by maturity, of the Group’s financial instruments that are exposed to interest rate risk. The
pension escrow investment represents a money market fund investment established to provide security to the Royal Mail Senior Executives
Pension Plan (RMSEPP) in support of a deficit recovery plan agreed with the Trustee in June 2013. The next scheduled review point in the
agreement is 30 September 2018 and the investment is therefore disclosed as maturing in two to five years.
112
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Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
18. Financial assets and liabilities – additional analysis (continued)
Table 3
Cash
Cash equivalent investments
Financial asset investments (current)
RMSEPP pension escrow investments
Derivative – assets
Derivative – liabilities
€500 million bond
Obligations under finance leases
Net total financial (liabilities)/assets
Table 3
Cash
Cash equivalent investments
Financial asset investments (current)
RMSEPP pension escrow investments
Derivative – assets
Derivative – liabilities
Syndicated bank loans
Obligations under finance leases
Net total financial liabilities
Reported at 29 March 2015
Fixed rate
£m
-
-
31
-
–
–
(366)
(272)
(607)
Floating
rate
£m
73
140
25
20
–
–
-
–
258
Non-
interest
bearing
£m
74
-
-
-
7
(48)
–
–
33
Reported at 30 March 2014
Non-
interest
bearing
£m
(28)
–
–
–
5
(17)
–
–
(40)
Floating
rate
£m
62
255
–
20
–
–
(450)
–
(113)
Fixed rate
£m
17
60
1
–
–
–
(150)
(342)
(414)
Total
£m
147
140
56
20
7
(48)
(366)
(272)
(316)
Total
£m
51
315
1
20
5
(17)
(600)
(342)
(567)
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
39
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
18. Financial assets and liabilities – additional analysis (continued)
Table 4
Fixed rate
Financial assets – investments (current) – bank and local government deposits
Financial liabilities:
€500 million bond
Obligations under finance leases
Total
Floating rate
Cash at bank
Cash equivalent investments – money market funds
Cash equivalent investments – bank deposits
Financial assets – investments (current) – bank deposits
Financial assets – pension escrow investments (non-current):
RMSEPP pension escrow – money market funds
Total
Non-interest bearing
Cash at bank or in hand
Derivative assets
Derivative liabilities
Total
Net total financial assets/(liabilities)
Average
effective
interest
rate
%
0.8
2.5
3.5
0.4
0.6
0.6
0.7
0.4
Reported at 29 March 2015
Within
1 year
£m
1-2 years
£m
2-5 years
£m
More than
5 years
£m
Total
£m
31
–
(93)
(62)
73
110
30
25
–
238
74
5
(34)
45
221
–
–
–
31
–
(74)
(74)
-
(90)
(90)
(366)
(15)
(381)
(366)
(272)
(607)
–
–
-
-
–
–
–
2
(13)
(11)
(85)
–
–
-
-
20
20
–
-
(1)
(1)
(71)
–
–
-
-
–
–
–
–
–
–
(381)
73
110
30
25
20
258
74
7
(48)
33
(316)
114
40
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
18. Financial assets and liabilities – additional analysis (continued)
Table 4
Fixed rate
Cash at bank
Cash equivalent investments – short-term deposits – bank:
Financial assets – investments (current) – local government deposit
Financial liabilities:
Syndicated bank loans
Obligations under finance leases
Total
Floating rate
Cash at bank
Cash equivalent investments – money market funds
Financial assets – pension escrow investments (non-current):
RMSEPP pension escrow – money market funds
Financial liabilities:
Syndicated bank loans
Total
Non-interest bearing
Cash at bank or in hand
Derivative assets
Derivative liabilities
Total
Net total financial assets/(liabilities)
Reported at 30 March 2014
Average
effective
interest rate
%
Within
1 year
£m
1-2 years
£m
2-5 years
£m
More than
5 years
£m
1.0
0.4
7.7
2.5
3.4
0.4
0.4
0.4
1.4
17
60
1
–
(87)
(9)
62
255
–
–
317
(28)
2
(12)
(38)
270
–
–
–
–
(76)
(76)
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
(5)
(5)
(81)
–
–
–
(150)
(151)
(301)
–
–
20
(450)
(430)
–
3
–
3
(728)
–
–
–
–
(28)
(28)
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
(28)
Total
£m
17
60
1
(150)
(342)
(414)
62
255
20
(450)
(113)
(28)
5
(17)
(40)
(567)
19. Hedging programmes
Information regarding the various hedging programmes in place to mitigate volatility in commodity prices and foreign currency exchange
rates is provided below.
The hedging programmes use a number of financial derivative products to manage volatility in commodity prices, interest rates and
foreign exchange. If these hedges are ‘in the money’, i.e. hedged rates are better than the current market rate, then a derivative asset is
recognised, and if they are ‘out of the money’ a derivative liability is recognised. Full disclosures are provided in this note even though the
balance sheet amounts are not material in the context of the Group’s total assets and liabilities.
The purpose of the Group’s hedging programmes is to mitigate volatility in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign exchange rates
thereby providing certainty for planning. There are no significant concentrations of credit risk. Accounting rules require the Company to
choose whether to designate cash flow hedge programmes or not (subject to various tests). The impact of not designating a cash flow hedge
programme is that all gains or losses on the derivatives in the programme have to be taken immediately to the income statement and cannot
be deferred into equity.
The Group had the following designated cash flow hedge programmes during the current and previous reporting years:
Hedging activities
i) The diesel fuel hedge programme uses forward commodity price swaps in US Dollar or Sterling and forward currency purchase contracts
to hedge the exposure arising from commodity price and US Dollar/Sterling exchange rates for forecast diesel fuel purchases.
ii) The jet fuel hedge programme uses forward commodity price swaps in US Dollar or Sterling and forward currency purchase contracts to
hedge the exposure arising from commodity price and US Dollar/Sterling exchange rates for forecast jet fuel usage.
iii) The air conveyance hedge programme uses US Dollar forward currency purchase contracts to hedge the exposure arising from US
Dollar/Sterling exchange rates for forecast air conveyance purchases.
iv) Four capital programmes (one of which completed during 2013-14, one of which completed during 2014-15 and two of which
commenced in 2014-15) use Euro forward currency purchase contracts to hedge the exposure arising from Sterling/Euro exchange rates
for contracted capital expenditure on automation projects.
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
41
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
19. Hedging programmes (continued)
v) The electricity hedge programme uses forward commodity price swaps to hedge the exposure arising from electricity prices. In addition
the Group uses fixed rate prices contracts with suppliers to set future prices.
vi) The gas hedge programme uses forward commodity price swaps to hedge the exposure arising from gas prices.
vii) The interest rate hedge programme uses interest rate swap contracts to hedge the exposure arising from interest rates on borrowings
under the syndicated bank loan facilities. The hedge programme finished when the interest rate swap contracts were sold following the
repayment on 9 March 2015 of the floating rate term loans.
viii) UKPIL trades in SDRs with overseas postal operators for delivering UK origin mail abroad and delivering foreign origin mail in the UK.
The UKPIL overseas postal operators’ hedge programme uses US Dollar and Japanese Yen forward currency purchase contracts to hedge
the forecast future net purchases of delivery services. This hedge programme covers the exposure up until the purchases are incurred
and recognised on the balance sheet.
The Group had undesignated cash flow hedge programmes for the transactional exposure created by intercompany loans with GLS and the
exposure of UKPIL to overseas postal operator liabilities for the period after the purchases have been incurred and recognised on the balance
sheet until the time when they are settled. The derivative balances of these programmes are not material.
The Group uses the €500 million bond as a hedge of the net investment in GLS, against movements in the Sterling/Euro exchange rate.
Foreign currency exchange differences arising from the translation of the net assets of GLS and of the €500 million bond to closing
Sterling/Euro exchange rates are deferred in equity. These exchange differences would be released from equity to the income statement as
part of the gain or loss on the sale if GLS were sold. During the year foreign currency exchange gains on the bond of £27 million (2013-14
£nil million) were deferred in equity. There was no ineffectiveness in the hedge during the year.
Commodity price hedging
The Group’s normal operating activities result in the consumption of fuel (both diesel and jet), electricity and gas. The prices of these
commodities can be volatile so the Group enters into price swap contracts to lock future purchases (at an agreed volume) into a known price.
For diesel fuel and jet fuel these price swaps are sometimes entered into on the US Dollar price for the commodity (based upon available
market prices), in which case the Group uses forward foreign currency contracts to lock into a combined Sterling price for the commodity.
For electricity, the Group also uses fixed price contracts with suppliers to set future prices.
The following table shows the commodity, risk and the percentage of the expected consumption hedged or fixed. The Group hedges the cost
of the underlying commodity and any irrecoverable VAT that is incurred on this cost. It does not hedge any fuel duty. The exposures shown in
the following table exclude the costs of fuel duty and are based upon the hedges in place combined with market prices at the balance sheet
date for the unhedged amounts. Fuel duty (and the associated VAT) adds an additional cost of around £100 million to diesel costs each
reporting year. Total fuel costs for 2015-16 are estimated to be £171 million.
Commodity
Diesel fuel
Jet fuel
Electricity
Gas
Commodity
Diesel fuel
Jet fuel
Electricity
Gas
Exposure (excluding fuel duty) and expected consumption hedged/fixed 2015
52 weeks 2017
52 weeks 2016
52 weeks 2018
Risk
US$ price and $/£ exchange rate movements
US$ price and $/£ exchange rate movements
£ price movement
£ price movement
Exposure
£m
67
10
16
12
% hedged
86
100
95
98
Exposure
£m
52
8
14
10
% hedged
69
63
60
53
Exposure
£m
44
7
14
9
% hedged
24
–
60
–
Exposure (excluding fuel duty) and expected consumption hedged 2014
52 weeks 2016
52 weeks 2015
52 weeks 2017
Risk
US$ price and $/£ exchange rate movements
US$ price and $/£ exchange rate movements
£ price movement
£ price movement
Exposure
£m
76
13
17
15
% hedged
94
86
83
75
Exposure
£m
74
12
18
15
% hedged
81
82
65
66
Exposure
£m
71
11
17
14
% hedged
9
–
7
–
Foreign currency hedging for non-commodity items
As highlighted in note 14, the Group, where possible, nets exposure to foreign currency internally. The remaining net exposure is hedged with
external forward foreign currency contracts. For existing currency liabilities, the underlying exposures (e.g. the foreign postal administration
liabilities) and the derivatives, are both revalued to current market prices at the balance sheet date, meaning that no net gains or losses arise
in the income statement. For forecast future currency exposures, the derivatives are revalued at the balance sheet date and effective
movements in value are deferred into equity until the hedged transaction occurs.
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Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
19. Hedging programmes (continued)
The following table shows for each hedge programme, the risk and the percentage hedged of the next 12 months’ exposure:
Hedge programme
Air conveyance
Capital programmes
Overseas postal operator
GLS intercompany loan
Risk
US$/£ exchange rate movements
€/£ exchange rate movements
SDR/£ exchange rate movements
€/£ exchange rate movements
Percentage of next
12 months’ exposure that
has been hedged
Reported
at 29 March
2015
96%
100%
56%
n/a
Reported
at 30 March
2014
94%
100%
59%
100%
The next 12 months’ exposure is calculated as the combination of the cost of settling liabilities during the next 12 months and the cost of
revaluing unsettled liabilities at the end of 12 months. The GLS intercompany loan was repaid during the year.
As highlighted in note 14, the Company hedges part of the translational exposure created by the net assets of its overseas subsidiaries,
mainly GLS, by designating the €500 million bond as a hedge of the net investment in GLS.
Derivative values
At any point in time, the derivatives in these cash flow hedge programmes are either ‘in the money’ which, means the hedged rates are better
than current market rates, or ‘out of the money’ which means the hedged rates are worse than current market rates. The gains (‘in the
money’) and losses (‘out of the money’), as at the balance sheet date are deferred into equity (where the hedge is effective) and an associated
financial asset or financial liability is created in the balance sheet. The financial asset/liability is released when the derivative matures. The
amounts deferred into equity are released when the hedged transaction occurs. The following tables show the derivative contracts entered
into at 29 March 2015 and 30 March 2014 and the associated derivative assets and liabilities.
Commodity/
currency
Nominal
amount
Maturity date
Average
contracted
commodity price/
exchange rate
Derivative
asset non-
current
fair value
£m
Derivative
asset
current
fair value
£m
Derivative
liability
non-current
fair value
£m
Derivative
liability
current
fair value
£m
Reported at 29 March 2015
Diesel fuel
Diesel fuel
Diesel fuel
Jet fuel
Jet fuel
Jet fuel
Air conveyance
Capital programmes
Electricity
Gas
Cash flow hedges
Other derivatives
Total
Diesel fuel
US$
Diesel fuel
Jet fuel
US$
Jet fuel
US$
Euro
Electricity
Gas
216m litres Apr 15 – Jan 18
Apr 15 – Jan 18
$149m
Apr 15 – Apr 17
43m litres
Apr 15 – Mar 16
21m litres
Apr 15 – Jan 18
$16m
Apr 15 – Apr 17
13m litres
Apr 15
$82k
Apr 15 – Apr 16
€9m
Apr 15 – Apr 17
411k MWh
29m therms Apr 15 – Apr 17
US$ 0.69/litre
US$1.58/£
£0.46/litre
US$ 0.75/litre
US$1.57/£
£0.45/litre
US$1.63/£
£0.8/€
£55/MWh
£0.65/therm
–
–
2
–
–
-
–
–
–
–
2
–
2
-
–
3
–
1
-
–
–
–
–
4
1
5
(8)
(3)
-
–
–
(1)
–
–
(1)
(1)
(14)
–
(14)
(21)
(3)
-
(3)
-
-
–
(1)
(3)
(3)
(34)
–
(34)
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
43
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
19. Hedging programmes (continued)
Nominal amount Maturity date
Average
contracted
commodity price/
exchange rate
Derivative
asset non-
current
fair value
£m
Derivative
asset
current
fair value
£m
Derivative
liability non-
current
fair value
£m
Derivative
liability
current
fair value
£m
Commodity/
currency
Diesel fuel
US$
Diesel fuel
Jet fuel
US$
US$
Euro
Electricity
Gas
US$
JPY
215m litres
$188m
80m litres
44m litres
$33m
$7m
€0.2m
528k MWh
33m therms
$43m
780m JPY
Apr 14 – Apr 16 US$ 0.77/litre
Apr 14 – Jan 17 US$1.58/£
Apr 14 – Oct 16 £0.5/litre
Apr 14 – Mar 16 US$ 0.76/litre
Apr 14 – Mar 16 US$1.55/£
Apr 14 – Apr 15 US$1.59/£
Oct 14
Apr 14 – Oct 16 £55/MWh
Apr 14 – Apr 16 £0.70/therm
Apr 14
Apr 14
£0.8/€
US$1.66/£
JPY172/£
1.5% vs 1 month
LIBOR
GBP
£150m
Apr 14 – Sep 18
Reported at 30 March 2014
Diesel fuel
Diesel fuel
Diesel fuel
Jet fuel
Jet fuel
Air conveyance
Capital programmes
Electricity
Gas
Overseas postal operators
Overseas postal operators
Interest rate swaps
Cash flow hedges
Other derivatives
Total
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
3
3
–
3
1
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
1
1
2
(1)
–
(3)
–
–
–
–
–
(1)
–
–
–
(5)
–
(5)
(1)
(1)
(3)
–
(1)
–
–
(2)
(2)
–
–
(2)
(12)
–
(12)
Other derivatives represent hedges by the Group of other foreign exchange exposures, which are not designated under IAS 39 (including the
hedge of the trading balance with overseas postal operators and the hedge of intercompany loans with overseas subsidiaries).
There are timing differences between the maturity of the derivatives and the maturity of the underlying hedged transaction. For example,
diesel derivatives that hedge the exposure to purchasing fuel in March 2015 mature in April 2015. At 29 March 2015 therefore, the balance
sheet includes the market value of these derivatives but the cumulative gains and losses on these derivatives have been released from the
hedging reserve to the income statement to match the exposure to purchasing fuel in March 2015. There are differences therefore between
derivative balances (shown above) and the balance on the hedging reserve.
118
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Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Other notes – balance sheet
The notes in this section provide additional information regarding certain assets and liabilities on the Group balance sheet, most notably
provisions – mainly in relation to transformation costs, fixed and intangible assets and goodwill.
20. Provisions
21. Property, plant and equipment
22. Goodwill
23. Intangible assets
24. Assets and liabilities held for sale
25. Investment in associate
26. Current trade and other receivables
27. Current trade and other payables
28. Issued share capital and reserves
29. Commitments
30. Related party information
31. Events after the reporting period
120
121
123
124
124
126
126
127
127
128
129
130
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
45
119
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
20. Provisions
A summary of the provisions that have been made in the accounts, including in relation to transformation costs, is shown below.
At 31 March 2014
Arising during the period:
− charged in transformation costs and operating specific items
− charged in other operating costs
- reclassification
Unused amounts reversed
Utilised in the period
Discount rate adjustment
Reported at 29 March 2015
Disclosed as:
Current at 29 March 2015
Non-current at 29 March 2015
Current at 30 March 2014
Non-current at 30 March 2014
Transformation costs
Management
reorganisation
programme
£m
(102)
-
–
-
6
96
–
-
-
–
-
(102)
–
(102)
Other
£m
(34)
(87)
–
-
-
65
–
(56)
(53)
(3)
(56)
(24)
(10)
(34)
Specific
items
£m
(87)
Other
£m
(45)
(76)
–
(4)
7
8
(2)
(154)
(58)
(96)
(154)
(19)
(68)
(87)
–
(18)
4
-
16
–
(43)
(38)
(5)
(43)
(28)
(17)
(45)
Total
£m
(268)
(163)
(18)
-
13
185
(2)
(253)
(149)
(104)
(253)
(173)
(95)
(268)
Transformation provisions (charged as transformation costs)
Transformation costs provisions of £56 million (2013-14 £136 million) comprise redundancy schemes of £56 million (2013-14 £134
million), including £6 million release (2013-14 £102 million charge) in respect of the management reorganisation programme. Current
transformation costs provisions of £53 million are expected to be utilised in 2015-16, with the remainder within two to three years.
Specific items
The specific items provisions of £154 million at 29 March 2015 (2013-14 £87 million) include £81 million (2013-14 £62 million) for
potential industrial diseases claims relating to both current and former employees of the Group.
Royal Mail Group’s liability in respect of former employees arose in 2010 as a result of a Court of Appeal judgement that held the Group
liable for diseases claims brought by individuals who were employed in the General Post Office Telecommunications division and whose
employment ceased prior to October 1981. Consequently, a provision was first recognised in 2010-11.
The Group has derived its current provision by using estimates and ranges calculated by its actuary, which are based on current experience
of claims, and an assessment of potential future claims, the majority of which are expected to be received over the next 25 to 30 years.
The Group has a rigorous process of ensuring that only valid claims are accepted. £3 million of this provision is expected to be utilised in
2015-16.
The remaining £73 million (2013-14 £25 million) mainly relates to IT systems costs associated with Post Office Limited separation, of
which £9 million is expected to be utilised in 2015-16, and French Competition Authority investigation costs, of which £42 million is expected
to be utilised in 2015-16. An additional £13 million is in respect of a German property tax liability of £4 million, expected to be utilised in
2015-16, and employer’s National Insurance associated with the award of Employee Free Shares of £9 million, expected to be utilised within
two to five years.
The £4 million reclassification relates to a historic provision in respect of legacy property costs and is therefore deemed to be a specific item.
A further £5 million was charged to specific items in the year in relation to this provision. Of the total provision of £9 million, £1 million is
expected to be utilised within two to five years and the remaining £8 million over a period greater than five years.
Other provisions (charged as operating costs)
‘Other’ provisions of £43 million (2013-14 £45 million) mainly comprise onerous lease obligations, decommissioning costs and estimated
exposures resulting from legal claims incurred in the normal course of business. The majority of ‘Other’ provision amounts are expected to
be utilised in 2015-16, with £5 million onerous lease obligations expected to be utilised within two to three years.
120
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Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
21. Property, plant and equipment
Below are details of the Group’s property, equipment and vehicles, which are recorded at their historic cost (what the Group paid for
them) less accumulated depreciation (reflecting their usage within the business over their useful life – from three to 50 years).
Land and buildings
Freehold
£m
Long
leasehold
£m
Short
leasehold
£m
Plant and
machinery
£m
Motor
vehicles
£m
Fixtures
and
equipment
£m
Cost
At 31 March 2014
Exchange rate movements
Reclassification
Additions
Disposals
Reclassification to non-current assets held for sale
Reported at 29 March 2015
Depreciation and impairment
At 31 March 2014
Exchange rate movements
Depreciation (note 13)
Disposals
Reclassification to non-current assets held for sale
Reported at 29 March 2015
Net book value
Reported at 29 March 2015
Reported at 30 March 2014
Net book value comprises:
Owned assets
Finance leased assets
Reported at 29 March 2015
1,649
(35)
(19)
89
(14)
(56)
1,614
825
(10)
43
(12)
(34)
812
802
824
802
-
802
265
(2)
3
(1)
(1)
(1)
263
167
(1)
6
(1)
(1)
170
93
98
821
11
93
692
-
15
22
(10)
–
719
463
–
41
(10)
–
494
225
229
2201
5
225
1,184
(18)
1
28
(133)
(14)
1,048
762
(12)
62
(133)
(9)
670
378
422
259
119
378
609
(6)
-
94
(38)
(2)
657
296
(4)
53
(34)
(1)
310
347
313
145
202
347
Total
£m
4,778
(72)
-
257
(220)
(75)
4,668
2,789
(36)
242
(213)
(47)
2,735
379
(11)
-
25
(24)
(2)
367
276
(9)
37
(23)
(2)
279
88
103
1,933
1,989
88
-
88
1,596
337
1,933
1 Amounts relate to business-specific additions to leasehold properties
Depreciation rates are disclosed within ‘Significant accounting policies’. No depreciation is provided on land, which represents £202 million
(2013-14 £210 million) of the total cost of properties.
The net book value of the Group’s property, plant and equipment includes £127 million (2013-14 £116 million) in respect of assets in the
course of construction. The net book value of the Group’s land and buildings includes £413 million (2013-14 £424 million) in respect of
building fit-out.
The £257 million (2013-14 £338 million) additions include £nil million (2013-14 £nil million) borrowing costs capitalised in relation to
specific qualifying assets.
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
47
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Total
£m
4,621
(10)
–
338
(148)
(23)
4,778
2,705
(5)
–
241
(134)
(18)
2,789
1,989
1,916
362
(2)
3
36
(20)
–
379
269
(2)
–
29
(20)
–
276
103
93
103
-
103
1,607
382
1,989
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
21. Property, plant and equipment (continued)
Land and buildings
Freehold
£m
Long
leasehold
£m
Short
leasehold
£m
Plant and
machinery
£m
Motor
vehicles
£m
Fixtures
and
equipment
£m
Cost
At 1 April 2013
Exchange rate movements
Reclassification
Additions
Disposals
Reclassification to non-current assets held for sale
Reported at 30 March 2014
Depreciation and impairment
At 1 April 2013
Exchange rate movements
Reclassification
Depreciation
Disposals
Reclassification to non-current assets held for sale
Reported at 30 March 2014
Net book value
Reported at 30 March 2014
Reported at 31 March 2013
Net book value comprises:
Owned assets
Finance leased assets
Reported at 30 March 2014
2 Amounts relate to business-specific additions to leasehold properties
1,622
(5)
(26)
121
(40)
(23)
1,649
835
(2)
(1)
45
(34)
(18)
825
824
787
824
-
824
262
–
1
3
(1)
–
265
162
–
–
6
(1)
–
167
98
100
812
17
98
650
–
22
39
(19)
–
692
432
–
1
45
(15)
–
463
229
218
2232
6
229
1,187
(2)
–
22
(23)
–
1,184
718
(1)
–
68
(23)
–
762
422
469
290
132
422
538
(1)
–
117
(45)
–
609
289
–
–
48
(41)
–
296
313
249
86
227
313
122
48
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
22. Goodwill
This note provides details of the goodwill at the start and end of the reporting year, most of which relates to the Group’s acquisition of its
overseas subsidiary, General Logistics Systems (GLS).
Cost
At 31 March 2014 and 1 April 2013
Exchange rate movements
Acquisition of businesses
Disposal of business
Reported at 29 March 2015 and 30 March 2014
Impairment
At 31 March 2014 and 1 April 2013
Exchange rate movements
Disposal of business
Reported at 29 March 2015 and 30 March 2014
Net book value
Reported at 29 March 2015 and 30 March 2014
Reported at 30 March 2014 and 31 March 2013
2015
£m
2014
£m
569
(65)
8
-
512
372
(42)
-
330
182
197
611
(9)
4
(37)
569
415
(6)
(37)
372
197
196
The carrying value of goodwill arising on business combinations of £182 million (2013-14 £197 million) at the balance sheet date includes
£177 million (2013-14 £195 million) relating to the GLS business unit. In line with the Group’s accounting policy (see ‘Significant accounting
policies’), this goodwill has been reviewed for impairment. The carrying value of GLS, excluding interest bearing and tax related assets and
liabilities, is £434 million (2013-14 £492 million) at 29 March 2015 and the operating profit before transformation costs items is £115
million (2013-14 £106 million) for the period (note 2).
The carrying value of GLS (£434 million) represents a multiple of 3.8 (2013-14 4.6) of operating profit before transformation costs. The net
realisable value of GLS, for the purposes of the impairment review (i.e. the ‘fair value less costs of disposal’), has been assessed with
reference to earnings multiples for quoted entities in a similar sector of 6.8. On this basis, the net realisable value has been assessed to be in
excess of the carrying value. The earnings multiples referenced would need to reduce by more than 57 per cent to 2.9 to reduce the net
realisable value to below the carrying value.
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
49
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
23. Intangible assets
Intangible assets, mainly software, are recorded in much the same way as our physical assets such as property and vehicles, but with
shorter useful lives over which they are amortised (three to ten years).
Cost
At 31 March 2014 and 1 April 2013
Additions
Disposals
Acquisition of business
Reclassification to non-current assets held for sale
Exchange rate movements
Reported at 29 March 2015 and 30 March 2014
Amortisation and impairment
At 31 March 2014 and 1 April 2013
Amortisation (note 13)
Impairment charge
Disposals
Reclassification to non-current assets held for sale
Exchange rate movements
Reported at 29 March 2015 and 30 March 2014
Net book value
Reported at 29 March 2015 and 30 March 2014
Reported at 30 March 2014 and 31 March 2013
2015
Master
franchise
licences
£m
Customer
listings
£m
Software
£m
Total
£m
2014
Master
franchise
licences
£m
Customer
listings
£m
Software
£m
Total
£m
23
–
–
–
-
(2)
21
23
–
-
–
-
(2)
21
–
–
32
-
–
3
-
(4)
31
28
2
-
–
-
(4)
26
5
4
370
166
(35)
–
(1)
(4)
496
179
35
24
(35)
(1)
(1)
201
295
191
425
166
(35)
3
(1)
(10)
548
230
37
24
(35)
(1)
(7)
248
300
195
23
–
–
–
-
–
23
23
–
-
–
-
–
23
–
–
32
–
–
1
-
(1)
32
28
1
-
–
-
(1)
28
4
4
287
88
(5)
–
-
–
370
152
32
-
(5)
-
–
179
191
135
342
88
(5)
1
-
(1)
425
203
33
-
(5)
-
(1)
230
195
139
The intangible assets outlined above, none of which has been internally generated, have finite lives and are being written down on a straight-
line basis. The £166 million (2013-14 £88 million) additions include £1 million (2013-14 £2 million) borrowing costs capitalised in relation
to specific qualifying assets.
24. Assets and liabilities held for sale
This note provides details of the assets and liabilities classified as held for sale at the beginning and end of the reporting period. Assets
and liabilities are classified in this way when their carrying value is to be recovered principally through a sale transaction and a sale is
considered highly probable. Their value in the balance sheet is the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. At the
reporting date, the balances comprise the assets and liabilities of GLS Germany’s subsidiary DPD Systemlogistik GmbH & Co. KG
(DPD SL) and certain surplus property assets.
The balance sheet values of the assets and liabilities held for sale are shown below. The disposal group in this note, as defined in IFRS 5
‘Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations’, relates to GLS Germany’s subsidiary, DPD Systemlogistik GmbH & Co. KG
(DPD SL).
Assets of disposal group (DPD SL) held for sale
Other non-current (property) assets held for sale
Total non-current assets held for sale
Total liabilities associated with non-current assets (DPD SL) held for sale
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
17
15
32
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
-
3
3
(10)
-
Disposal group (DPD SL) – discontinued operations
On 6 March 2015 an agreement was reached for the sale of GLS Germany’s subsidiary, DPD SL, with the sale subsequently completed on
31 March 2015. At the reporting date of 29 March 2015, this entity has been presented as discontinued operations in the consolidated
income statement and its assets and liabilities reclassified as held for sale in the consolidated balance sheet, in line with IFRS 5.
124
50
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
24. Assets and liabilities held for sale (continued)
The table below provides a summary of the main categories of assets and liabilities that were reclassified as held for sale at the reporting
date. No impairment was required in reclassifying these assets and liabilities as held for sale.
Property, plant and equipment
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Assets of disposal group (DPD SL) held for sale
Trade and other payables
Liabilities associated with disposal group (DPD SL) held for sale
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
7
9
1
17
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
-
-
-
-
(10)
(10)
-
-
In addition to the above assets and liabilities, an amount of £2 million within the foreign currency translation reserve also relates to DPD SL.
Details of DPD SL’s trading results for the reporting period are shown below.
Revenue
Operating costs
People costs
Distribution and conveyance costs
Infrastructure costs
Other operating costs
Profit before tax from discontinued operations
Tax charge
Profit from discontinued operations
Basic earnings per share from discontinued operations
Diluted earnings per share from discontinued operations
The net cash flows relating to DPD SL can be summarised as follows:
Operating cash flow
Investing cash flow
Financing cash flow
Impact of foreign exchange
Net cash flow impact
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
96
(96)
(16)
(72)
(4)
(4)
-
-
-
0.0p
0.0p
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
1
(1)
-
-
-
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
99
(97)
(15)
(73)
(4)
(5)
2
-
2
0.2p
0.2p
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
3
(1)
-
-
2
Property assets held for sale
Other non-current assets held for sale of £15 million at 29 March 2015 (at 30 March 2014 £3 million) relate to land and buildings which are
being actively marketed with a view to a sale within 12 months. An assessment of the fair value of these properties was made at the time of
their reclassification to ‘held for sale’ and no adjustment to the carrying amount of these properties was necessary.
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
51
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
25. Investment in associate
This note provides details of the Group’s associate company, including the Group’s share of the revenue, profit and net assets of this
entity. Quadrant Catering Limited.
Quadrant Catering Limited (Quadrant), the Group’s 51 per cent owned associate company, has a reporting date of the last day of September
each year. Accordingly, to ensure that the reported share of the profit of this company aligns with the Group’s reporting year ended 29 March
2015 (2013-14 30 March 2014) the cumulative profit figure for this period is taken from the Company’s management reporting systems,
although this includes an estimated profit figure for the month of March.
The majority of Board membership and voting power to direct relevant activities in Quadrant, a company incorporated in the United Kingdom,
providing catering services for the UK businesses, is held by the other investor company. For this reason it is Management’s view that the
Group does not have power over Quadrant and so it is not considered to be a subsidiary in line with IFRS 10. The Group’s investment in
Quadrant is held by Royal Mail Group Limited. There are no significant restrictions on the ability of Quadrant to transfer funds to the Group
in the form of cash dividends, repayment of loans or advances.
The Group’s share of Quadrant’s revenue for the reporting year was £16 million (2013-14 £19 million) and its share of Quadrant’s profit
after tax was £1 million (2013-14 £3 million). This share of profit after tax is credited against ‘Other operating costs’ in the income
statement. The Group’s share of the net assets of Quadrant at 29 March 2015 was £5 million (at 30 March 2014 £4 million).
During the reporting year the Group received no dividend (2013-14 £2 million) from Quadrant.
26. Current trade and other receivables
The following details relate to amounts owed to the Group by third parties and also the level of bad and doubtful debts that the Company
has provided for in the financial statements.
Trade receivables
Prepayments and accrued income
Income tax receivable
Total
Movements in the provision for bad and doubtful debts were as follows:
At 30 March 2014 and 31 March 2013
Receivables provided for during the period
Release of provision
Utilisation of provision
Exchange difference on foreign denominated provision
At 29 March 2015 and 30 March 2014
The amount of trade receivables that were past due but not impaired are shown below.
Not yet overdue
Past due not more than one month
Past due more than one month and not more than two months
Past due more than two months
Total
126
52
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
836
108
5
949
809
111
6
926
Reported
2015
£m
(27)
(4)
4
5
1
(21)
Reported
2014
£m
(30)
(8)
4
7
-
(27)
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
766
49
11
10
836
726
61
8
14
809
Royal Mail plc
27. Current trade and other payables
The following details relate to amounts owed by the Group to third parties.
Trade payables and accruals
Advance customer payments (mainly for stamps held, not yet used by customers)
Social security
Capital expenditure payables
Other
Total
The fair value of trade and other payables is not materially different from the carrying value.
28. Issued share capital and reserves
Authorised share capital
1,000,000,000 ordinary shares of £0.01 each
Total
Issued and fully paid share capital
1,000,000,000 ordinary shares of £0.01 each
Total
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
(1,215)
(286)
(98)
(53)
(16)
(1,668)
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
(1,156)
(322)
(104)
(60)
(10)
(1,652)
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
10
10
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
10
10
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
10
10
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
10
10
For earnings per share purposes, the 1,000,000,000 ordinary shares are deemed to have been authorised and in issue for the entirety of the
comparative reporting year even though the shares were listed on the London Stock Exchange part way through that year - October 2013
(note 9).
Of the issued ordinary shares, a total of 40,935 are held by the Employee Benefit Trust (EBT). These are treated as treasury shares in the
consolidated balance sheet in accordance with IAS 32 ‘Financial Instruments: Presentation’. As such, calculations of earnings per share for the
Group exclude these shares. The Company, however, does not hold any shares in treasury.
Reserves included in the consolidated statement of changes in equity
Foreign currency translation reserve
The Foreign currency translation reserve is used to record the gains and losses arising since 29 March 2004 on translation of assets and
liabilities of subsidiaries denominated in currencies other than the reporting currency.
Hedging reserve
The Hedging reserve is used to record gains and losses arising from cash flow hedges since 28 March 2005.
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
53
127
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Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
29. Commitments
The information below includes details of committed future rental payments for the use of assets which the Group does not legally own,
and are either not recognised on the Group’s balance sheet (operating leases) or are recognised on the Group’s balance sheet (finance
leases) on the basis that the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the finance leased assets lie with Royal Mail plc Group.
Operating lease commitments
The Group is committed to the following future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating leases:
Within one year
Between one and five years
Beyond five years
Total
Land and buildings
Vehicles and equipment
IT equipment
Total
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
(117)
(365)
(441)
(923)
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
(115)
(373)
(470)
(958)
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
(10)
(12)
(2)
(24)
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
(12)
(12)
(8)
(32)
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
(3)
(1)
–
(4)
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
(9)
(10)
–
(19)
Reported
at 29 March
2015
£m
(130)
(378)
(443)
(951)
Reported
at 30 March
2014
£m
(136)
(395)
(478)
(1,009)
Existing leases for UK land and buildings have an average term of 18 years and lease renewals are agreed with the lessor as appropriate.
Existing land and buildings leased overseas by the GLS subsidiary have an average lease term of eight years. Vehicle leases generally have a
term of between one and seven years, depending on the asset class, with the average term being one year. The existing leases have an
average term remaining of one year. The majority of the IT commitments relate to 10-year contracts, with an average term remaining of
less than one year.
Finance lease commitments
Within one year
Between one and five years
Beyond five years
Total minimum lease payments
Less future finance charges
Total finance lease obligations
Reported at 29 March 2015
Minimum
lease
payments
£m
(98)
(174)
(114)
(386)
114
(272)
Present value of
minimum lease
payments
£m
(93)
(164)
(15)
(272)
–
(272)
Reported at 30 March 2014
Present value of
minimum lease
payments
£m
(87)
(227)
(28)
(342)
–
(342)
Minimum
lease
payments
£m
(94)
(243)
(113)
(450)
108
(342)
The Group has finance lease contracts for vehicles, land and buildings and plant and equipment. The leases have no terms of renewal,
purchase options, escalation clauses or restrictions concerning dividends, borrowings or additional leases. Vehicle leases have a term of
between one and seven years, depending on the class of vehicle, with the average term being three years. Property leases have a term of
between 10 and 110 years with the average term being 48 years. The terms of the plant and equipment leases range from five to eight
years with the average being five years.
Capital commitments
The Group has commitments of £63 million at 29 March 2015 (at 30 March 2014 £35 million), which are contracted for but not provided for
in the financial statements.
128
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Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
30. Related party information
This note provides details of amounts owed to and from related parties, which include the Royal Mail Pension Plan (RMPP), the Group’s
associate company, and payments to key management personnel. Details of the Group’s principal subsidiaries and associate are also
provided.
Related party transactions
During the reporting year the Group entered into transactions with related parties:
Sales/recharges to:
- RMPP
Purchases/recharges from:
- Associate undertaking (Quadrant Catering Limited)
Amounts owed to:
- Associate undertaking (Quadrant Catering Limited)
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£m
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£m
5
14
1
6
22
2
In view of HM Government’s retained stake in Royal Mail plc, the Group has taken advantage of the exemption conferred by IAS 24 Related
Party Disclosures, not to disclose transactions between the Group and HM Government-related entities, including Post Office Limited, and
with HM Government itself.
UKPIL provides collection and delivery services to a significant number of HM Government-related entities. An arrangement is also in place
whereby Post Office Limited charges the Group for the sale of Royal Mail products e.g. stamps and philatelic items, through its network of
Post Office branches.
The sales to and purchases from related parties are made at normal market prices. Balances outstanding at the year end are unsecured,
interest free and settlement is made by cash.
Key management compensation
Short-term employee benefits
Post-employment benefits
Other long-term benefits
Total compensation earned by key management
Reported
52 weeks
2015
£000
(10,202)
-
(2,846)
(13,048)
Reported
52 weeks
2014
£000
(9,587)
-
(5,072)
(14,659)
In addition to the inclusion of the Executive and Non-Executive Directors of Royal Mail plc, from the beginning of the 2014-15 year
2014-15, the ‘key management personnel’ population has been extended to include all other members of the Chief Executive’s Committee
(see page 58) and the remainder of the Persons Discharging Managerial Responsibilities.
In view of the above, the 2013-14 comparative numbers have been restated to include the remuneration received by this extended
population.
The ultimate parent and principal subsidiaries
Royal Mail plc is the ultimate parent Company of the Group. The consolidated financial statements include the financial results of Royal Mail
Group Limited and the other principal subsidiaries listed below:
Company
General Logistics Systems B.V.
Royal Mail Estates Limited
Royal Mail Investments Limited
Romec Limited
Principal activities
Parcel services holding company
Property holdings
Holding company
Facilities management
Country of incorporation
Netherlands
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
United Kingdom
% equity
interest
2015
100
100
100
51
% equity
interest
2014
100
100
100
51
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
55
129
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the consolidated
financial statements (continued)
30. Related party information (continued)
Associate
Company
Quadrant Catering Limited
Principal activities
Catering services
Country of incorporation
United Kingdom
%
ownership
2015
51
%
ownership
2014
51
The majority of Board membership and voting power in Quadrant Catering Limited is held by the other investor company, and it is therefore
not a subsidiary of the Group. The investment in Quadrant Catering Limited is held by Royal Mail Group Limited.
The Company has taken advantage of the exemption under section 410 of the Companies Act 2006 allowing a schedule of interests in all
undertakings to be filed with the Annual Return.
31. Events after the reporting period
This note confirms whether or not there have been any material events occurring between the end of the financial reporting period on
29 March 2015, and the publication date of the Annual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15.
On 31 March 2015, after the financial year end, GLS Germany disposed of its wholly-owned subsidiary, DPD Systemlogistik GmbH & Co. KG
(DPD SL) to DPD GeoPost (Deutschland) GmbH. The disposal resulted in a post-tax profit of around €40 million (£29 million) which will be
reflected as a specific item in the Group’s 2015-16 financial statements.
130
56
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc Significant accounting policies
Basis of consolidation
The consolidated financial statements comprise the financial statements of the Company and its subsidiary undertakings. The financial
statements of the major subsidiaries are prepared for the same reporting year as the Company, using consistent accounting policies.
All intra-Group balances and transactions, including unrealised profits arising from intra-Group transactions, have been eliminated in full.
Transfer prices between business segments are set on a basis of charges reached through negotiation with the respective businesses.
Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date on which control is obtained by the Group and cease to be consolidated from the date on which
control is no longer held by the Group. Where the Group ceases to hold control of a subsidiary, the consolidated financial statements include
the results for the part of the reporting year during which the Group held control.
Non-controlling interests represents the portion of profit/loss, gains/losses and net assets relating to subsidiaries that are not attributable to
members of the Company. The non-controlling interests balance is presented within equity in the consolidated balance sheet, separately from
parent shareholders’ equity.
Changes in accounting policy and disclosures
The accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are consistent with those in the Annual Report for the year
ended 30 March 2014, except for the adoption of amended/revised and new accounting standards with effect from 31 March 2014 as
detailed below:
IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements
This new standard identifies the concept of control as the determining factor in deciding which entities should be included within the
consolidated financial statements. This standard replaces all the previous guidance on control and consolidation which was given in IAS 27.
The application of this new standard has no impact on the consolidation decisions made by the Group.
IFRS 11 Joint Arrangements
This standard (which supersedes IAS 31) provides a new set of definitions which reduces the types of joint arrangements that can be
recognised to two (previously three). The standard also stipulates that equity accounting is mandatory for all participants in joint ventures.
At the reporting date the Group has no joint arrangements and currently therefore, this new standard has no impact on the financial
performance or position of the Group.
IFRS 12 Disclosure of Interests in Other Entities
This new standard sets out the disclosure requirements arising from the new IFRS 10 and IFRS 11 standards. This standard requires
additional disclosures in respect of the Group’s associate investment (note 25), but has no impact on the financial performance or position of
the Group.
IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures (Amended)
The main impact of this new standard is to make it a requirement for associates and joint ventures to be accounted for using the equity
method following the issue of IFRS 11. It is already Group policy to account for such entities using the equity method and so this amendment
will have no impact on the Group.
IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation (Amended)
This amendment was made to clarify some of the requirements for offsetting financial assets and liabilities on the balance sheet. The
amendment makes no changes to the current offsetting model and therefore has no impact on the Group’s financial position.
IAS 36 Impairment of Assets (Amended)
This amendment relates to the disclosure of information regarding the recoverable amount of impaired assets if that amount is based upon
fair value less costs of disposal. This amendment to the standard has no impact on the Group’s financial position or related disclosures.
Key sources of estimation uncertainty and critical accounting judgements
The preparation of consolidated financial statements necessarily requires Management to make estimates and assumptions that can have a
significant impact on the financial statements. These estimates and judgements are continually evaluated and are based on historical
experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. The areas
involving a higher degree of judgement or complexity, or areas where assumptions and estimates are significant to the consolidated financial
statements are disclosed below.
Pensions
The value of defined benefit pension plan liabilities and assessment of pension plan costs are determined by long-term actuarial
assumptions. These assumptions include discount rates (which are based on the long-term yield of high-quality corporate bonds), inflation
rates and mortality rates. Differences arising from actual experience or future changes in assumptions will be reflected in the Group’s
consolidated statement of comprehensive income. The Group exercises its judgement in determining the assumptions to be adopted, after
discussion with a qualified actuary. Details of the key actuarial assumptions used and of the sensitivity of these assumptions are included
within note 8.
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Significant accounting policies (continued)
Deferred revenue
The Group recognises advance customer payments on its balance sheet, relating to stamps and meter credits purchased by customers but
not yet used at the balance sheet date (note 27). The valuation of this deferred revenue is based on a number of different estimation and
sampling methods using external specialist resource as appropriate.
The majority of this balance is made up of stamps sold to the general public. For sales to the general public, estimates of stamp volumes held
are made on the basis of monthly surveys performed by an independent third party. In order to avoid over-estimation of the typical number
of stamps held, Management applies a cap to the results to exclude what are considered to be abnormal stamp holdings from the estimate.
The level at which holdings are capped is judgemental and is currently set at 99 of each stamp type per household. The impact of applying
alternative capping values on the year end public stamp deferred revenue balance is shown in the table below.
At 29 March 2015
Public stamp holdings value (£m)
Capped
As reported
99
198
30
165
Uncapped
300
223
227
The value of stamps and meter credits held by retail and business customers are more directly estimated through the analysis of sales
volumes and monthly meter sampling. Further adjustments are also made for each type of sale to take into account volume purchasing of
stamps when price changes are announced.
The results of the above procedures are reviewed by Management in order to make a judgement of the carrying amount of the accrual. The
total accrual is held within current trade and other payables but a portion (which cannot be measured) will relate to stamps and meter credits
used one year or more after the balance sheet date.
Deferred tax
Assessment of the deferred tax asset requires an estimation of future profitability. Such estimation is inherently uncertain in a market subject
to various competitive pressures. Should estimates of future profitability change in future years, the amount of deferred tax recognised will
also change accordingly. Prior to recording deferred tax assets for tax losses, relevant tax law is considered to determine the availability of
the losses to offset against the future taxable profits. The carrying values of the deferred tax assets and liabilities are included within note 6.
Provisions
Due to the nature of provisions, a significant part of their determination is based upon estimates and/or judgements concerning the future. Of
the provisions in place the transformation and industrial diseases claims provisions are considered to be the areas where the application of
judgement has the most significant impact.
Transformation provisions, including for redundancy and property costs, are derived based upon the most recent business plan for direct
expenditure where plans are sufficiently detailed and appropriate communication to those affected has been undertaken. These plans include
the expected number of employees impacted, expected rate of compensation per employee, expected period of properties remaining vacant
and their rental costs as well as expected dilapidation costs.
The industrial diseases claims provision arose as a result of a Court of Appeals judgement in 2010 and relates to individuals who were
employed in the General Post Office Telecommunications division prior to October 1981. The provision requires estimates to be made of the
likely volume and cost of future claims and is based on the best information available as at the year end, which incorporates independent
expert actuarial advice. The carrying values of the provisions are included within note 20.
Revenue
Revenue reported in the income statement is net of value added tax and comprises turnover which principally relates to the rendering of
services as follows:
UK Parcels, International & Letters
Account revenue is derived from specific contracts and recognised when the delivery of an item is complete. Contracted services that have not
yet been rendered at the balance sheet date are designated as deferred income.
Revenue from direct sales of products or services is recognised when services are rendered, goods are delivered and the amount of revenue
that will flow to the Group can be measured reliably. Where payments are received for a service to be provided over a specified length of
time, payments received are recognised as deferred revenue and released to the income statement over the period that the service is
performed.
Revenue derived from Network Access agreements is recognised when the delivery of the related items is complete. Where products are sold
through third party agents, the revenue receivable is recognised gross with any commission payments being charged to operating costs.
Revenue relating to public, retail and business stamp and meter sales is recognised when the sale is made, adjusted to reflect a value of
stamp and meter credits held but not used by the customer. Further details on this ‘deferred revenue’ adjustment are provided in the ‘Key
sources of estimation uncertainty and critical accounting judgements’ section above.
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General Logistics Systems
Revenue is derived from specific contracts and is recognised when the delivery of an item is complete.
Distribution and conveyance costs
Distribution and conveyance costs relate to non-people costs incurred in transporting and delivering mail. These include conveyance by rail,
road, sea and air, together with costs incurred by international mail carriers and Parcelforce Worldwide delivery operators and GLS. These
costs are disclosed separately on the face of the income statement.
Share-based payments
The Group operates a number of equity settled, share-based compensation schemes under which the Group receives services from
employees as consideration for equity instruments (shares) of the Company. These include the HMRC-approved (Employee Free Shares)
Share Incentive Plan (SIP) and the Save As You Earn (SAYE) scheme. Both schemes are based on non-market conditions and do not vest
until the employee completes a specific period of service. Share-based payments awarded as part of Long-Term Incentive Plans (LTIP) vest
based on market conditions. The fair value of the employee services received in exchange for the grant of the shares is recognised as an
expense in the income statement, with a corresponding credit entry in equity, as per the requirements of IFRS 2 ‘Share-based Payment’. The
total amount expensed is determined by reference to the fair value of the equity instruments at the date on which they are granted. The fair
value of each award is measured using the Black-Scholes model where appropriate.
The total expense is recognised over the vesting period, which is the period over which all of the specified vesting conditions are to be satisfied.
No expense is recognised for awards that do not ultimately vest. At each balance sheet date before vesting the cumulative expense is calculated,
representing the extent to which the vesting period has expired and Management’s best estimate of the achievement or otherwise of service
conditions and of the number of equity instruments that will ultimately vest. The movement in cumulative expense since the previous balance
sheet date is recognised in the income statement, with a corresponding entry in equity. The social security contributions payable in connection
with the grant of Shares is considered an integral part of the grant itself, and the charge is treated as a cash-settled transaction.
Non-GAAP measures of performance
In the reporting of financial information, the Group uses certain measures that are not defined under IFRS, the Generally Accepted
Accounting Principles (GAAP), under which the Group reports. The Directors believe that these non-GAAP measures assist with the
understanding of the performance of the business.
These non-GAAP measures are not a substitute, or superior to, any IFRS measures of performance but they have been included as
Management considers them to be an important means of comparing performance year-on-year and they include key measures used within
the business for assessing performance.
Transformation costs
These costs relate to the ongoing transformation of the business, and include voluntary redundancy, project costs and other transformation-
related payments.
Reported operating profit before transformation costs
This is the operating profit including the ‘pension charge to cash difference’ operating specific item (see below for definition) and before
transformation costs. This is a key performance indicator in the Corporate Balanced Scorecard which is used to determine employee
incentives.
Reported operating profit after transformation costs
This is the operating profit including the ‘pension charge to cash difference’ operating specific item and after transformation costs.
Operating specific items
These are recurring or non-recurring items of income or expense of a particular size and/or nature relating to the operations of the business
that in Management’s opinion require separate identification. These items are included within ‘reported’ results but are excluded from
‘adjusted’ results.
These items include: the recurring ‘pension charge to cash difference’ (resulting from the increasing difference between the Group’s income
statement pension charge and the actual cash cost of pensions, including deficit payments); and other items that have resulted from events
that are non-recurring in nature, even though related income/expense can be recognised in subsequent periods. These items currently
include the charge for Employee Free Shares and impairment and legacy costs (for example, movements in the industrial diseases provision).
Non-operating specific items
These are recurring or non-recurring items of income or expense of a particular size and/or nature which do not form part of the Group’s
trading activity and in Management’s opinion require separate identification. These items include profit on disposal of property, plant and
equipment and businesses, and the IAS 19 non-cash pension interest credit/charge.
Adjusted operating profit before transformation costs
This is operating profit excluding the ‘pension charge to cash difference’ operating specific item and before transformation costs.
Adjusted operating profit margin before transformation costs
This is operating profit excluding the ‘pension charge to cash difference’ operating specific item and before transformation costs, expressed as
a percentage of revenue.
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Significant accounting policies (continued)
Adjusted operating profit after transformation costs
This is operating profit excluding the ‘pension charge to cash difference’ operating specific item and after transformation costs.
Adjusted operating profit margin after transformation costs
This is operating profit excluding the ‘pension charge to cash difference’ operating specific item and after transformation costs, expressed as a
percentage of revenue.
Adjusted earnings per share
Basic earnings per share, excluding operating and non-operating specific items.
Free cash flow
Free cash flow is based on statutory (reported) net cash flow before financing activities, adjusted to include finance costs paid and exclude net
cash generated from the purchase/sale of financial asset investments.
Net debt
Net debt is calculated by netting the value of financial liabilities (excluding derivatives) against cash and other liquid assets.
Underlying change
Management focuses on movements in volume, revenue, costs, profits and margins on an ‘underlying’ basis. Underlying movements take
into account differences in working days in UKPIL and movements in foreign exchange in GLS. In addition, adjustments are made for non-
recurring or distorting items, which by their nature may be unpredictable. These adjustments are made to the prior year ‘adjusted’ figures
to derive ‘underlying change’. A schedule of the adjustments to the 2013-14 ‘adjusted’ results to derive ‘underlying change’ is shown in the
Financial review on pages 29-30.
Income tax and deferred tax
The charge for current tax is based on the results for the reporting year as adjusted for items that are non-assessable or disallowed. It is
calculated using rates that have been substantively enacted at the balance sheet date.
Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognised for all taxable and deductible temporary differences and unused tax assets and
losses except:
• Initial recognition of goodwill;
• The initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction that is not a business combination and, at the time of the transaction, affects
neither the accounting profit nor taxable profit and loss;
• Taxable temporary differences associated with investments in subsidiaries, associates and interest in joint ventures, where the timing of the
reversal of the temporary difference can be controlled and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable
future; and
• Deferred tax assets are recognised only to the extent that it is probable that taxable profit will be available against which they can be
utilised.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at each balance sheet date and increased or reduced to the extent that it is probable
that sufficient taxable profit will be available to allow them to be utilised.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply to the period when the tax asset is realised or the
liability is settled, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been substantively enacted at the balance sheet date. Deferred tax balances are
not discounted.
Current and deferred tax is charged or credited directly to equity if they relate to items that are credited or charged directly to equity,
otherwise it is recognised in the income statement.
Earnings per share (EPS)
Basic earnings per share (EPS) from continuing operations is calculated by dividing the profit/loss from continuing operations (adjusted for
non-controlling interests’ share of profit) by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue. The Group EPS is calculated in the
same way, except that it also includes profit or loss from discontinued operations.
Diluted EPS is calculated by adjusting the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue on the assumption of conversion of all
potentially dilutive ordinary shares arising from share-based payment schemes. These potential shares are treated as dilutive only when their
conversion to ordinary shares would decrease EPS from continuing operations.
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Segment information
The Group’s operating segments are organised and managed separately according to the nature of the products and services provided, with
each segment representing a business unit that offers different products and serves largely different markets. Management monitors the
operating results of its main business units separately for the purpose of making decisions about resource allocation and performance
assessment. Segment performance is evaluated based on operating profit before and after transformation costs.
There is no aggregation of operating segments. The main statutory entities that make up the three operating segments are included
in note 2.
The operating segments comprise operations in both the UK and other parts of Europe, the latter being relevant to the GLS business unit.
The UK operations comprise the UKPIL business unit plus the Other operating segment.
Segment revenues have been attributed to the respective countries based on the primary location of the service performed.
Transfer prices between segments are set at arm’s length/fair value on a basis of charges reached through negotiation with the respective
business units that form part of the segments.
There are no differences in the measurement of the respective segments’ profit/loss and the consolidated financial statements prepared
under IFRS.
Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment is recognised at cost, including directly attributable costs in bringing the asset into working condition for its
intended use. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment is provided on a straight-line basis by reference to net book value and to the
remaining useful economic lives of assets and their estimated residual values. The useful lives and residual values are reviewed annually and
adjustments, where applicable, are made on a prospective basis. The lives assigned to major categories of property, plant and equipment are:
Land and buildings:
Freehold land
Freehold buildings
Leasehold buildings
Plant and machinery
Motor vehicles and trailers
Fixtures and equipment
Not depreciated
Up to 50 years
The shorter of the period of the lease, 50 years or the estimated remaining useful life
3-15 years
2-12 years
2-15 years
An item of property, plant and equipment is derecognised upon disposal or when no future economic benefits are expected from its use or
disposal. Any gain or loss arising at derecognition of the asset (calculated as the difference between the net disposal proceeds and the
carrying amount of the asset) is included in the income statement in the year that the asset is de-recognised. Gains or losses from the
disposal of assets are recognised in the income statement when all significant risks and rewards of ownership are transferred to the
customer.
All subsequent expenditure on property, plant and equipment is capitalised if it meets the recognition criteria, and the carrying amount of
those parts replaced is derecognised. All other expenditure including repairs and maintenance expenditure is recognised in the income
statement as incurred.
Goodwill
Business combinations on or after 29 March 2004 are accounted for under IFRS 3 ‘Business Combinations’ using the purchase method. Any
excess of the cost of the business combination over the Group’s interest in the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and
contingent liabilities at the date of acquisition is recognised in the balance sheet as goodwill and is not amortised.
After initial recognition, goodwill is stated at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill arising from business combinations is
reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired.
For the purpose of such impairment reviews, goodwill is allocated to the relevant cash generating units.
An impairment loss is recognised in the income statement for the amount by which the carrying value of the goodwill (or cash generating
unit) exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the higher of an asset’s net realisable value and its value in use.
Goodwill arising on the acquisition of equity accounted entities is included in the cost of those entities and therefore not reported in the
balance sheet as goodwill.
Intangible assets
Intangible assets acquired as part of a business combination are capitalised separately from goodwill if the fair value can be measured
reliably on initial recognition. Intangible assets acquired separately or development costs that meet the criteria to be capitalised are initially
recognised at cost and are assessed to have either a finite or indefinite useful life. Those with a finite life are amortised over their useful life
and those with an indefinite life are reviewed for impairment annually or more frequently if events, or changes in circumstances, indicate that
the carrying value may be impaired. An impairment loss is recognised in the income statement for the amount by which the carrying value of
the intangible asset exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the higher of an asset’s net realisable value and its value in use.
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Significant accounting policies (continued)
Amortisation of intangible assets with finite lives is charged annually to the income statement on a straight-line basis as follows:
Customer listings
Master franchise licences
Software
3 to 4 years
7 to 10 years
3 to 10 years
Investment in associate
The Group’s investment in its associate company is accounted for under the equity method of accounting. Under the equity method, the
investment is carried in the balance sheet at cost plus post-acquisition changes in the Group’s share of the net assets of the associates, less
any impairment in value. The income statement reflects the Group’s share of annual post-tax profits from the associate (netted off other
operating costs as the values are not material enough for separate disclosure).
Any goodwill arising on acquisition of an associate, representing the excess of the cost of the investment compared to the Group’s share of
the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities acquired, is included in the carrying amount and not amortised.
Non-current assets held for sale and discontinued operations
Non-current assets classified as held for sale are measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell.
Non-current assets are classified as held for sale if their carrying amounts will be recovered principally through a sale transaction, rather
than through continuing use. This condition is regarded as met only when the sale is highly probable and the asset is available for immediate
sale in its present condition. Management must be committed to the sale, which should be expected to qualify for recognition as a completed
sale within one year from the date of classification. Following their classification as held for sale, the assets (including those in a disposal
group) cease being depreciated.
A discontinued operation is a component of the Group’s business that represents a separate major line of business or geographical area of
operations, that has been disposed of, or that meets the criteria to be classified as held for sale. Discontinued operations are presented in the
consolidated statement of comprehensive income as a single line which comprises the post-tax profit or loss of the discontinued operation up
to the date of disposal, and the post-tax gain or loss recognised on any remeasurement of the disposal group to fair value less costs to sell,
or on disposal of the assets or disposal groups constituting discontinued operations.
Impairment reviews
Unless otherwise disclosed in these accounting policies, assets and cash generating units are reviewed for impairment if events or changes in
circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired. The Group assesses at each reporting date whether such indications exist.
Where appropriate, an impairment loss is recognised in the income statement for the amount by which the carrying value of the asset (or
cash generating unit) exceeds its recoverable amount, which is the higher of an asset’s net realisable value and its value in use.
Leases
Finance leases, where substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the leased item have passed to the Group, are
capitalised at the inception of the lease with a corresponding liability recognised for the fair value of the leased item or, if lower, at the
present value of the minimum lease payments. Lease payments are apportioned between the finance charges and capital element of the
lease liability to achieve a constant rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability. Capitalised leased assets are depreciated over the
shorter of the estimated useful life of the asset and the lease term.
Leases where substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the asset are retained by the lessor, are classified as operating leases
and rentals are charged to the income statement over the lease term. The aggregate benefit of incentives is recognised as a reduction of
rental expense over the lease term on a straight-line basis.
A leasehold land payment is an upfront payment to acquire a long-term leasehold interest in land. This payment is stated at cost and is
amortised on a straight-line basis over the period of the lease.
In addition to lease contracts, other significant arrangements or contracts are assessed (by reference to IFRIC 4) to determine whether, in
substance, they are, or contain, a lease. This assessment is based on the substance of the arrangement at inception date, including whether
the fulfilment of the arrangement is dependent on the use of a specific asset or assets or the arrangement conveys a right to use the asset.
Trade receivables
Trade receivables are recognised and carried at the original invoice amount less an allowance for any non-collectable amounts. An estimate
for doubtful debts is made when collection of the full amount is no longer probable with the amount of the loss recognised in the income
statement within operating costs. When a bad debt is recognised, it is written off against the allowance for trade receivables. Subsequent
recoveries of amounts previously written off are credited against operating costs in the income statement.
Inventories
Inventories are valued on a weighted average cost basis and carried at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost includes all direct
expenditure and other costs attributable in bringing inventories to their present location and condition. The principal stock balance consists of
engineering spare parts.
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Trade payables
Trade payables are recorded initially at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost. Generally this results in their recognition
at their nominal value.
Financial instruments
Financial assets within the scope of IAS 39 ‘Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement’ are classified as: financial assets at fair
value through the income statement (held for trading); held to maturity investments; loans and receivables or available for sale financial
assets as appropriate. Financial liabilities within the scope of IAS 39 are classified as either financial liabilities at fair value through the
income statement or financial liabilities measured at amortised cost.
The Group determines the classification of its financial instruments at initial recognition and re-evaluates this designation at each reporting
date. When financial instruments are recognised initially, they are measured at fair value, being the transaction price plus, in the case of
financial instruments not at ‘fair value through the income statement’, any directly attributable transactional costs. The Group only has loans
and receivables, financial liabilities measured at cost and derivative asset and liabilities.
The subsequent measurement of financial instruments depends on their classification as follows:
Loans and receivables
Non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments, that are not quoted on an active market, do not qualify as trading assets
and have not been designated as either ‘fair value through the income statement’ or available for sale, are carried at amortised cost using the
effective interest rate method if the time value of money is significant. Gains and losses are recognised in the income statement when the
loans and receivables are derecognised or impaired, as well as through the amortisation process.
Financial liabilities measured at amortised cost
All non-derivative financial liabilities are classified as financial liabilities measured at amortised cost. Non-derivative financial liabilities are
initially recognised at the fair value of the consideration received, less directly attributable issue costs. After initial recognition, non-derivative
financial liabilities are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Gains and losses are recognised in the
income statement when the liabilities are derecognised or impaired, as well as through the amortisation process.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents in the balance sheet comprise cash at bank and in hand and short-term deposits (cash equivalents) with an
original maturity date of three months or less. In addition, the Group uses money market funds as a readily available source of cash, and
these funds are also categorised as cash equivalents. For the purpose of the statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents consist of
cash and cash equivalents as defined above, net of bank overdrafts. Cash equivalents are classified as loans and receivables financial
instruments.
Financial assets – pension escrow investments
Financial assets – pension escrow investments comprise a money market fund investment established to provide security to the Royal Mail
Senior Executive Pension Plan (RMSEPP) in support of a deficit recovery plan agreed with the Trustee in 2013.
Financial assets – other investments
Financial assets – other investments comprise short-term deposits (other investments) with HM Government, local government or banks with
an original maturity of three months or more. Short-term deposits are classified as loans and receivables financial instruments.
Financial liabilities – interest-bearing loans and borrowings
All loans and borrowings are classified as financial liabilities measured at amortised cost. The €500 million bond is measured at amortised
cost in Euro and converted to Sterling at the closing spot Sterling/Euro exchange rate.
Financial liabilities – obligations under finance leases
All obligations under finance leases are classified as financial liabilities measured at amortised cost.
Derivative financial instruments and hedging programmes
The Group uses derivative instruments such as foreign currency contracts in order to manage the risk profile of any underlying risk exposure
of the Group, in line with the Group’s treasury management policies. Such derivative financial instruments are initially stated at fair value.
For the purpose of hedge accounting, hedges are classified as cash flow hedges where they hedge exposure to variability in cash flows that
is attributable either to a particular risk associated with a recognised asset or liability, or to a highly probable forecast transaction.
In relation to cash flow hedges to hedge the interest rate, foreign exchange or commodity price risk of firm commitments that meet the
conditions for hedge accounting, the portion of the gain or loss on the hedging instrument that is determined to relate to an effective hedge
is recognised directly in equity and the ineffective portion is recognised in the income statement.
When the hedged firm commitment results in the recognition of a non-financial asset or non-financial liability, then at the time the asset
or liability is recognised, the associated gains or losses that had previously been recognised in equity are included in the initial measurement
of the acquisition cost or other carrying amount of the asset or liability. For all other cash flow hedges, the gains or losses that are recognised
in equity are transferred to the income statement in the same reporting year in which the hedged firm commitment affects the net
profit/loss, for example when the hedged transaction actually occurs.
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Significant accounting policies (continued)
For derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting, any gains or losses arising from changes in fair value are taken directly to the
income statement in the period.
Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated or exercised, or no longer qualifies for hedge
accounting. At that point, any cumulative gain or loss on the hedging instrument recognised in equity is kept in equity until the forecast
transaction occurs. If a hedged transaction is no longer expected to occur, the net cumulative gain or loss recognised in equity is transferred
to the income statement for the reporting year.
Fair value measurement of financial instruments
All assets and liabilities for which fair value is measured or disclosed in the financial statements are categorised within the fair value
hierarchy, described as follows, based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement as a whole:
Level 1 – Quoted (unadjusted) market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
Level 2 - Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices) or
indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).
Level 3 - Inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
The fair value of quoted investments is determined by reference to bid prices at the close of business on the balance sheet date.
Where there is no active market, fair value is determined using valuation techniques. These include using recent arm’s length market
transactions; reference to the current market value of another instrument which is substantially the same; and discounted cash flow analysis
and pricing models. Specifically, in the absence of quoted market prices, derivatives are valued by using quoted forward prices for the
underlying commodity/currency and discounted using quoted interest rates (both as at the close of business on the balance sheet date).
Hence derivative assets and liabilities are within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy as defined within IFRS 13.
The Group determines whether any transfers have occurred between levels in the hierarchy by reassessing categorisation at the end of each
reporting period. For the purposes of disclosing the fair value of investments held at amortised cost in the balance sheet, in the absence of
quoted market prices, fair values are calculated by discounting the future cash flows of the financial instrument using quoted equivalent
interest rates as at close of business on the balance sheet date. For the €500 million bond, the disclosed fair value is calculated as the closing
market bond price converted to Sterling using the closing spot Sterling/Euro exchange rate.
Provisions
Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present obligation (legal or constructive) as a result of a past event, it is probable that an
outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. If the effect
of the time value of money is material, provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at an appropriate pre-tax
rate. Accounting estimates used in calculating the provisions are discussed further in the ‘Key sources of estimation uncertainty and critical
accounting judgements’ part of this accounting policies section.
Dividends
Distributions to owners of the Company are not recognised in the income statement under IFRS, but are disclosed as a component of the
movement in shareholders’ equity. A liability is recorded for a dividend when the dividend is approved by the Company’s shareholders but
not paid at the year end. Interim dividends are recognised as a distribution when paid.
Pensions and other post-retirement benefits
The pension assets for the defined benefit schemes are measured at fair value. Liabilities are measured on an actuarial basis using the
projected unit credit method and discounted at a rate equivalent to the current rate of return on a high quality corporate bond of equivalent
currency and term. The resulting defined benefit asset or liability is presented separately on the face of the balance sheet. Full actuarial
valuations are carried out at intervals not normally exceeding three years as determined by the Trustees and, with appropriate updates and
accounting adjustments at each balance sheet date, form the basis of the surplus disclosed. All active members of defined benefit schemes
are contracted out of the earnings-related part of the State Second pension scheme.
For defined benefit schemes, the amounts charged to operating profit are the current service costs and any gains and losses arising from
settlements, curtailments and past service costs. The amount resulting from applying the Plan’s discount rate (for liabilities) to the pension
surplus at the beginning of the reporting year is recognised as net pension interest in the income statement. Actuarial gains and losses are
recognised immediately in the statement of comprehensive income. Any deferred tax movement associated with the actuarial gains and
losses is also recognised immediately in the statement of comprehensive income.
For defined contribution schemes, the Group’s contributions are charged to operating profit within people costs in the period to which the
contributions relate. Overseas subsidiaries make separate arrangements for the provision of pensions and other post-retirement benefits.
138
64
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Foreign currencies
The functional and presentational currency of Royal Mail plc is Sterling (£). The functional currency of the overseas subsidiaries in Europe is
mainly the Euro (€).
The assets and liabilities of foreign operations are translated at the rate of exchange ruling at the balance sheet date. The trading results of
foreign operations are translated at the average rates of exchange for the reporting year, being a reasonable approximation to the actual
transaction rate. The exchange rate differences arising on the translation, since the date of transition to IFRS, are taken directly to the foreign
currency translation reserve in equity.
Foreign currency exchange differences arising from translation of the €500 million bond (designated as a hedge of the net investment in
GLS) to closing Sterling/Euro exchange rates are deferred to the foreign currency translation reserve in equity. These exchange differences
would be released from equity to the income statement as part of the gain or loss on the sale if GLS was sold.
Transactions in foreign currencies are initially recorded in the functional currency by applying the spot exchange rate ruling at the date of the
transaction. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are retranslated at the functional currency rate of exchange
ruling at the balance sheet date. Currently hedge accounting is not claimed for any monetary assets and liabilities. All differences are
therefore taken to the income statement, except for differences on monetary assets and liabilities that form part of the Group’s net
investment in a foreign operation. These are taken directly to equity until the disposal of the net investment occurs, at which time they are
recognised in profit or loss.
Non-monetary items that are measured in terms of their historic cost in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates as at the
dates of the initial transactions. Non-monetary items measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated using the exchange rates at
the date when the fair value is determined.
Accounting standards issued but not yet applied
The following new and amended/revised accounting standards are relevant to the Group and are in issue but were not effective (and in some
instances have not yet been adopted by the EU) at the balance sheet date:
IAS 1 (Amended) Improving the Effectiveness of Disclosure in Financial Reporting*
IAS 16 (Amended) and IAS 38 (Amended) Acceptable Methods of Depreciation and Amortisation*
IAS 19 (Amended) Employee benefits: Employee contributions
IAS 27 (Amended) Equity Method in Separate Financial Statements*
IAS 39 (Amended) Financial Instruments: Recognition and Measurement
IFRS 9 Financial Instruments*
IFRS 10 (Amended) and IAS 28 (Amended) Sale of Assets between an Investor and its Associate or Joint Venture*
IFRS 11 (Amended) Accounting for Acquisitions of Interests in Joint Operations*
IFRS 15 Revenue from Contracts with Customers*
Annual Improvements 2010-2012, Annual Improvements 2011-2013 and Annual Improvements 2012-2014*
The Directors do not expect that the adoption of the standards listed above will have a material impact on the financial performance or
position of the Group in future periods.
* Not yet endorsed by the EU
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
65
139
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Group five year summary (unaudited)
Group five year summary (unaudited)
The following information has been prepared on a 52 week basis and excludes, for the 2011 to 2013 comparative years, the Group’s former
Post Office Limited (POL) subsidiary, which was transferred to Royal Mail Holdings plc (subsequently renamed Postal Services Holding
Company Limited) on 1 April 2012. The Directors are of the view that this presentation provides a meaningful comparative history of the
current Group excluding POL.
The following information has been prepared on a 52 week basis and excludes, for the 2011 to 2013 comparative years, the Group’s former
Post Office Limited (POL) subsidiary, which was transferred to Royal Mail Holdings plc (subsequently renamed Postal Services Holding
This five year summary includes the financial performance and position of the DPD SL subsidiary, which was reclassified as discontinued
Company Limited) on 1 April 2012. The Directors are of the view that this presentation provides a meaningful comparative history of the
operations at the reporting year end date of 29 March 2015.
current Group excluding POL.
Financial reporting year (52 weeks) ending March
This five year summary includes the financial performance and position of the DPD SL subsidiary, which was reclassified as discontinued
operations at the reporting year end date of 29 March 2015.
Income statement – Adjusted
Revenue
Operating profit/(loss) before transformation costs
Income statement – Adjusted
Transformation costs
Revenue
Operating profit/(loss) after transformation costs
Operating profit/(loss) before transformation costs
Finance costs
Transformation costs
Profit/(loss) before tax
Operating profit/(loss) after transformation costs
Tax
Finance costs
Profit/(loss) after tax
Profit/(loss) before tax
Tax
Profit/(loss) after tax
Financial reporting year (52 weeks) ending March
2015
£m
9,424
740
2015
£m
(145)
9,424
595
740
(26)
(145)
569
595
(138)
(26)
431
569
(138)
Financial reporting year (52 weeks) ending March
431
2015
£m
9,424
Financial reporting year (52 weeks) ending March
611
2015
£m
(145)
9,424
466
611
(248)
(145)
133
466
351
(248)
75
133
(26)
351
400
75
(72)
(26)
328
400
(72)
Financial reporting year (52 weeks) ending March
328
2015
£m
889
Financial reporting year (52 weeks) ending March
129
2015
£m
1
889
(658)
129
(50)
1
311
(658)
11
(50)
(8)
311
139
11
453
(8)
139
453
2013
£m
9,146
595
2013
£m
(195)
9,146
400
595
(99)
(195)
301
400
(81)
(99)
220
301
(81)
220
2013
£m
9,146
598
2013
£m
(195)
9,146
403
598
(77)
(195)
4
403
330
(77)
52
4
(99)
330
283
52
246
(99)
529
283
246
529
2013
£m
915
(3)
2013
£m
(60)
915
(665)
(3)
(81)
(60)
106
(665)
202
(81)
(26)
106
52
202
334
(26)
52
334
2012
£m
8,764
372
2012
£m
(229)
8,764
143
372
(100)
(229)
43
143
(13)
(100)
30
43
(13)
30
2012
£m
8,764
381
2012
£m
(229)
8,764
152
381
(57)
(229)
182
152
277
(57)
(230)
182
(100)
277
(53)
(230)
(51)
(100)
(104)
(53)
(51)
(104)
2012
£m
681
(9)
2012
£m
(19)
681
(615)
(9)
(87)
(19)
(49)
(615)
–
(87)
(37)
(49)
240
–
154
(37)
240
154
2014
£m
9,456
729
2014
£m
(241)
9,456
488
729
(67)
(241)
421
488
(110)
(67)
311
421
(110)
311
2014
£m
9,456
671
2014
£m
(241)
9,456
430
671
1,213
(241)
21
430
1,664
1,213
69
21
(67)
1,664
1,666
69
(386)
(67)
1,280
1,666
(386)
1,280
2014
£m
940
58
2014
£m
(57)
940
(617)
58
(67)
(57)
257
(617)
140
(67)
(35)
257
36
140
398
(35)
36
398
2011
£m
8,415
(53)
2011
£m
(192)
8,415
(245)
(53)
(84)
(192)
(329)
(245)
115
(84)
(214)
(329)
115
(214)
2011
£m
8,415
210
2011
£m
(192)
8,415
18
210
(48)
(192)
104
18
74
(48)
(419)
104
(84)
74
(429)
(419)
(123)
(84)
(552)
(429)
(123)
(552)
2011
£m
493
(263)
2011
£m
(58)
493
(584)
(263)
(59)
(58)
(471)
(584)
–
(59)
(5)
(471)
230
–
(246)
(5)
230
(246)
Income statement – Reported
Revenue
Operating profit before transformation costs
Income statement – Reported
Transformation costs
Revenue
Operating profit after transformation costs
Operating profit before transformation costs
Operating specific items
Transformation costs
Non-operating specific items
Operating profit after transformation costs
Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT)
Operating specific items
Finance income/(costs) – mainly net pension interest (non-operating specific item)
Non-operating specific items
Finance costs
Earnings before interest and tax (EBIT)
Profit/(loss) before tax
Finance income/(costs) – mainly net pension interest (non-operating specific item)
Tax (specific items and other)
Finance costs
Profit/(loss) after tax
Profit/(loss) before tax
Tax (specific items and other)
Profit/(loss) after tax
Free cash flow1 - Reported
EBITDA before transformation costs
Pension charge to cash difference
Free cash flow1 - Reported
Trading working capital movements
EBITDA before transformation costs
Total investment
Pension charge to cash difference
Other (dividends, tax, interest)
Trading working capital movements
In-year trading cash inflow/(outflow)
Total investment
Other working capital movements
Other (dividends, tax, interest)
Cash cost of operating specific items
In-year trading cash inflow/(outflow)
Proceeds from disposal of assets/business
Other working capital movements
Free cash inflow/(outflow)
Cash cost of operating specific items
1 An explanation of free cash flow is provided in note 7
Proceeds from disposal of assets/business
Free cash inflow/(outflow)
1 An explanation of free cash flow is provided in note 7
140
66
66
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Balance sheet - Reported
Property, plant and equipment
Balance sheet - Reported
Intangible assets (mainly software)
Property, plant and equipment
Inventories
Intangible assets (mainly software)
Trade and other receivables
Inventories
Trade and other payables
Trade and other receivables
Other net (liabilities)/assets
Trade and other payables
Provisions
Other net (liabilities)/assets
Goodwill (mainly relates to GLS)
Provisions
Investments in associates
Goodwill (mainly relates to GLS)
Net operating assets and investments in associates
Investments in associates
Cash and cash equivalents
Net operating assets and investments in associates
Pension escrow investments
Cash and cash equivalents
Loans and borrowings
Pension escrow investments
Other net financial liabilities
Loans and borrowings
Net debt
Other net financial liabilities
Deferred tax (liabilities)/assets
Net debt
Net assets before pension deficit and pension escrow investments
Deferred tax (liabilities)/assets
Pension surplus/(deficit)
Net assets before pension deficit and pension escrow investments
Net assets/(liabilities)
Pension surplus/(deficit)
Net assets/(liabilities)
People numbers – period end employees
UKPIL
People numbers – period end employees
GLS
UKPIL
UK partially owned subsidiaries
GLS
Group total
UK partially owned subsidiaries
Group total
At March financial reporting year end date
At March financial reporting year end date
2015
£m
1,933
2015
£m
300
1,933
20
300
960
20
(1,708)
960
(31)
(1,708)
(253)
(31)
182
(253)
5
182
1,408
5
287
1,408
20
287
(366)
20
(216)
(366)
(275)
(216)
(466)
(275)
667
(466)
3,179
667
3,846
3,179
3,846
2014
£m
1,989
2014
£m
195
1,989
22
195
939
22
(1,683)
939
(20)
(1,683)
(268)
(20)
197
(268)
4
197
1,375
4
366
1,375
20
366
(600)
20
(341)
(600)
(555)
(341)
(142)
(555)
678
(142)
1,723
678
2,401
1,723
2,401
2013
£m
1,916
2013
£m
139
1,916
24
139
1,012
24
(1,647)
1,012
–
(1,647)
(246)
–
196
(246)
3
196
1,397
3
351
1,397
20
351
(973)
20
(304)
(973)
(906)
(304)
89
(906)
580
89
825
580
1,405
825
1,405
2012
£m
1,822
2012
£m
135
1,822
32
135
1,036
32
(1,548)
1,036
4
(1,548)
(217)
4
189
(217)
3
189
1,456
3
473
1,456
149
473
(1,522)
149
(286)
(1,522)
(1,186)
(286)
(9)
(1,186)
261
(9)
(2,716)
261
(2,455)
(2,716)
(2,455)
2011
£m
1,829
2011
£m
126
1,829
33
126
906
33
(1,423)
906
40
(1,423)
(252)
40
197
(252)
9
197
1,465
9
319
1,465
87
319
(1,478)
87
(200)
(1,478)
(1,272)
(200)
(2)
(1,272)
191
(2)
(4,185)
191
(3,994)
(4,185)
(3,994)
Financial reporting year (52 weeks) ending March
2015
142,910
2015
14,409
142,910
3,199
14,409
160,518
3,199
160,518
2013
Financial reporting year (52 weeks) ending March
149,940
2013
13,646
149,940
4,030
13,646
167,616
4,030
167,616
2012
151,156
2012
13,362
151,156
3,926
13,362
168,444
3,926
168,444
2014
148,441
2014
13,811
148,441
3,999
13,811
166,251
3,999
166,251
2011
155,181
2011
13,167
155,181
4,254
13,167
172,602
4,254
172,602
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
67
141
67
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Statement of Directors’ responsibilities in
respect of the Group financial statements
The Directors are responsible for preparing the Annual Report and Financial Statements in accordance with applicable law and regulations.
Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each reporting year. Under that law the Directors are required to
prepare the Group financial statements in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the European
Union (EU) and Article 4 of the IAS Regulation. Under company law the Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are
satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and of the profit or loss of the Company for that period.
In preparing these financial statements, the Directors are required to:
•
select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
• make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
•
•
state that the Group has complied with IFRS as adopted by the EU, subject to any material departures disclosed and explained in the
financial statements; and
prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in
business.
The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company’s and Group’s
transactions and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and the Group and enable them to
ensure that the financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the
Company and the Group and hence for taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
The Directors are also responsible for preparing the Directors’ report, the Corporate Governance report and the Directors’ remuneration
report in accordance with the Companies Act 2006 and applicable regulations, including the Listing Rules and the Disclosure and
Transparency Rules.
The Directors are responsible for the maintenance and integrity of the corporate and financial information included on the Company’s
website. Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from legislation in
other jurisdictions.
Responsibility statement
Each of the Directors, whose names and functions are disclosed on pages 43-45, confirms that, to the best of their knowledge:
•
•
the financial statements, prepared in accordance with applicable accounting standards, give a true and fair view of the assets,
liabilities, financial position and profit of the Company and the Group taken as a whole; and
the Management report, which is incorporated into the Strategic report, and the Directors’ report includes a fair review of the
development and performance of the business and the Group taken as a whole, together with a description of the principal risks and
uncertainties that they face.
In addition, the Board considers that the Annual Report and Financial Statements, taken as a whole, is fair, balanced and understandable and
provides the information necessary for shareholders to assess the Company’s performance, business model and strategy.
By Order of the Board
Moya Greene
Chief Executive Officer
20 May 2015
Matthew Lester
Chief Finance Officer
142
68
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Independent Auditor’s Report
to the members of Royal Mail plc
Opinion on financial statements
In our opinion:
•
•
•
the Group financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s affairs as at 29 March 2015 and of the Group’s
profit for the year then ended;
the Group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted by the European Union; and
the Group financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006 and Article 4
of the IAS Regulation.
What we have audited
We have audited the Group financial statements of Royal Mail plc for the period ended 29 March 2015 which comprise the Consolidated
income statement, the Consolidated statement of comprehensive income, the Consolidated statement of changes in equity, the
Consolidated statement of financial position, the Consolidated statement of cash flows statement and the related notes 1 to 31. The
financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is applicable law and International Financial Reporting Standards
(IFRS) as adopted by the European Union.
This report is made solely to the Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006.
Our audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company’s members those matters we are required to state to them
in an Auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to
anyone other than the Company and the Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have
formed.
Respective responsibilities of directors and auditor
As explained more fully in the Directors’ Responsibilities Statement set out on page 142, the Directors are responsible for the
preparation of the financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view. Our responsibility is to audit and
express an opinion on the financial statements in accordance with applicable law and International Standards on Auditing (UK and
Ireland). Those standards require us to comply with the Auditing Practices Board’s Ethical Standards for Auditors.
Scope of the audit of the financial statements
An audit involves obtaining evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the Group financial statements sufficient to give reasonable
assurance that the financial statements are free from material misstatement, whether caused by fraud or error. This includes an
assessment of: whether the accounting policies are appropriate to the Group’s circumstances and have been consistently applied and
adequately disclosed; the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by the Directors; and the overall presentation of the
Group financial statements. In addition, we read all the financial and non-financial information in the Annual Report 2014-15 to identify
material inconsistencies with the audited financial statements and to identify any information that is apparently materially incorrect
based on, or materially inconsistent with, the knowledge acquired by us in the course of performing the audit. If we become aware of any
apparent material misstatements or inconsistencies we consider the implications for our report.
Our assessment of risk of material misstatement
The table below shows the risks we identified that have had the greatest effect on the overall audit strategy; the allocation of resources
in the audit; and directing the efforts of the engagement team, together with our audit response to the risk:
Risk
Revenue recognition, including the accounting for
advance customer payments; (as described on page 52 of
the Audit and Risk Committee Report and note 27 of the
financial statements).
Market expectations and profit based targets may place
pressure on Management to distort revenue recognition.
How the scope of our audit addressed the risk
We performed controls testing over revenue recognition as well
as detailed transaction testing, including the timing of revenue
recognition.
We challenged Management’s underlying assumptions and
methodology used in its deferred revenue calculations, as well
as assessing whether the revenue recognition policies adopted
complied with IFRS as adopted in the EU.
This may result in overstatement or deferral of revenues to
assist in meeting current or future targets or expectations
Recorded revenue is adjusted for sales of stamps and meter
credits that have been sold but not yet used.
We have independently assessed the methodology of the external
surveys with the use of our internal specialists, including
consideration of survey size and caps in place to address the impact
of abnormal holdings.
The adjustment is based on external third party surveys.
We performed analytical procedures and journal entry testing in
order to identify and test the risk of fraud arising from
management override of controls.
143
Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Independent Auditor’s Report
to the members of Royal Mail plc (continued)
Risk
Accounting and valuation of the Group’s pension
scheme; (as described on page 52 of the Audit and Risk
Committee Report and note 8 of the financial statements).
Both the defined benefit schemes (the Royal Mail Pension
Plan and the Royal Mail Senior Executive Pension Plan) are
sensitive to long-term assumptions which can result in
material fluctuations in amounts recorded in the financial
statements.
Accounting and measurement of the Group’s provisions,
including costs associated with the French Competition
Authority investigation and the industrial diseases
provision; (as described on pages 51 and 52 of the Audit
and Risk Committee Report and note 20 of the financial
statements).
The Group’s provisions are based on management’s best
estimate of outcomes using assumptions that require
judgement.
The outcome of the French Competition Authority
investigation is not yet known and as such, the provision in
the financial statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
is based on external legal advice.
The value of the provision in relation to the industrial
diseases is based on external third party actuarial advice.
How the scope of our audit addressed the risk
Using the knowledge and expertise of our own actuarial specialists,
we challenged Management’s key assumptions and estimates used
in its pension accounting to evaluate the appropriateness of the
methodology. Specifically, we tested Management’s estimate of the
discount rate, inflation rates (RPI and CPI), salary increases,
mortality, retirement age and commutation.
We have agreed the pension schemes assets to independent
fund manager confirmations as well as sample tested the asset
valuations.
We have performed detailed testing on the membership data
provided by Management to the external actuaries.
We also considered whether the Group’s pension disclosures are
appropriate and in accordance with IFRS as adopted in the EU.
We reviewed the Group’s provisions to understand the
appropriateness of assumptions supporting Management’s
estimates, challenging Management’s accounting treatment and
disclosures.
We have reviewed the external legal advice in relation to the French
Competition Authority investigation, including consideration of the
correspondence received from the Authority.
We reviewed the scenarios presented by legal advisors, which
included a range of probable outcomes. We reassessed the
amount considered by Management to represent a best
estimate of expenditure required, based on legal advice.
Using the knowledge and expertise of our own specialists, we
challenged Management’s key assumptions and estimates used
to evaluate the appropriateness of the industrial diseases
actuarial methodology.
We also considered the completeness of the Group’s provisions
and contingent liability disclosures and compliance with IFRS as
adopted in the EU.
Our application of materiality
We apply the concept of materiality both in planning and performing our audit, and in evaluating the effect of misstatements on our
audit and on the financial statements. For the purposes of determining whether the financial statements are free from material
misstatement we define materiality as the magnitude of misstatement that makes it probable that the economic decisions of a
reasonably knowledgeable person, relying on the financial statements, would be changed or influenced. We also determine a level of
performance materiality which we use to determine the extent of testing needed to reduce to an appropriately low level the probability
that the aggregate of uncorrected and undetected misstatements exceeds materiality for the financial statements as a whole.
When establishing our overall audit strategy, we determined a magnitude of uncorrected misstatements that we judged would be
material for the financial statements as a whole. We determined planning materiality for the Group to be £27.1 million, which is
approximately five per cent of adjusted profit before tax (2013-14: five per cent of adjusted profit before tax). This provided a basis for
determining the nature, timing and extent of risk assessment procedures, identifying and assessing the risk of material misstatement
and determining the nature, timing and extent of further audit procedures.
On the basis of our risk assessments, together with our assessment of the Group’s overall control environment, our judgement is that
overall performance materiality for the Group should be 75 per cent of planning materiality, namely £20.3 million. Our objective in
adopting this approach is to ensure that, together with qualitative considerations, total detected and undetected audit differences do not
exceed our planning materiality of £27.1 million for the financial statements as a whole.
We agreed with the Audit and Risk Committee that we would report to the Committee all adjusted and unadjusted audit differences
in excess of £1.4 million. We also agreed to report differences below those thresholds that, in our view, warranted reporting on
qualitative grounds.
144
70
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
An overview of the scope of our audit
Following our assessment of the risk of material misstatement to the Group financial statements, we selected 11 components which
represent the principal business units within the Group’s reportable segments and account for 99 per cent of the Group’s revenue and
99 per cent of the Group’s profit before tax. Two of these components were subject to a full audit and four were subject to audits of
specific account balances (together accounting for 92 per cent of revenue and 98 per cent of profit before tax). Five were subject to
review procedures and for the remaining components, we performed other procedures to confirm there were no significant risks of
material misstatement in the Group financial statements.
The audit work for locations subject to a statutory audit was executed at levels of materiality applicable to each individual entity which
were much lower than Group materiality. The Group audit team continued to follow a programme of planned visits that has been
designed to ensure that the Senior Statutory Auditor or his designate visits each of the two full scope locations at least once a year. This
year, the Group audit team visited the UK and overseas full scope locations. For all full scope entities, the Group audit team reviewed key
working papers and participated in the component team’s planning including the component team’s discussion of fraud and error.
Opinion on other matters prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion:
•
•
the part of the Directors’ remuneration report to be audited has been properly prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 2006;
and
the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report for the financial year for which the financial statements are
prepared is consistent with the financial statements.
Matters on which we are required to report by exception
We have nothing to report in respect of the following:
Under the ISAs (UK and Ireland), we are required to report to you if, in our opinion, information in the Annual Report is:
• materially inconsistent with the information in the audited financial statements; or
•
•
apparently materially incorrect based on, or materially inconsistent with, our knowledge of the Group acquired in the course of
performing our audit; or
is otherwise misleading.
In particular, we are required to consider whether we have identified any inconsistencies between our knowledge acquired during
the audit and the directors’ statement that they consider the annual report is fair, balanced and understandable and whether the
annual report appropriately discloses those matters that we communicated to the audit committee which we consider should have
been disclosed.
Under the Companies Act 2006 we are required to report to you if, in our opinion:
•
certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or
• we have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.
Under the Listing Rules we are required to review:
•
•
the Directors’ statement, set out on page 63, in relation to going concern; and
the part of the Corporate Governance Statement relating to the Company’s compliance with the ten provisions of the UK Corporate
Governance Code specified for our review.
Other matter
We have reported separately on the parent company financial statements of Royal Mail plc for the period ended 29 March 2015 and on
the information in the Directors’ remuneration report that is described as having been audited.
Richard Wilson (Senior statutory auditor)
for and on behalf of Ernst & Young LLP, Statutory Auditor
London
20 May 2015
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
71
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Royal Mail plc – parent Company
financial statements
The majority of the Annual Report and Financial Statements relates to the Royal Mail plc Group consolidated accounts, which comprise the
aggregation of all the Group’s trading entities. This mandatory section reports the individual balance sheet and notes of the ultimate
holding company, Royal Mail plc (the Company).
Company balance sheet
At 29 March 2015 and 30 March 2014
Fixed assets
Investment in subsidiary
Total fixed assets
Current assets
Debtors – amounts falling due in less than one year
Current liabilities
Creditors – amounts falling due in less than one year
Provisions for liabilities and charges
Net current assets
Creditors – amounts falling due after more than one year
Net assets
Capital and reserves
Called up share capital
Retained earnings
Shareholders’ funds
At 29 March
2015
£m
At 30 March
2014
£m
Notes
6
7
8
9
10/11
11
1,759
1,759
1,591
1,591
375
–
(6)
–
369
(366)
1,762
10
1,752
1,762
(4)
–
(4)
-
1,587
10
1,577
1,587
The balance sheet was approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 20 May 2015 and signed on its behalf by:
Matthew Lester
Chief Finance Officer
146
72
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Notes to the parent Company
financial statements
1. Parent Company accounting policies
Financial reporting year
The financial reporting year ends on the last Sunday in March and, accordingly, these financial statements are made up for 52 weeks ended
29 March 2015 (2013-14 52 weeks ended 30 March 2014).
Basis of preparation
The financial statements of the Company were authorised for issue by the Board on 20 May 2015.
The financial statements and notes on pages 146 to 148 have been prepared in accordance with applicable UK accounting standards
and law, including the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. Unless otherwise stated in the accounting policies below, the financial
statements have been prepared under the historic cost accounting convention.
The Company has not presented its own profit and loss account as permitted by section 408 of the Companies Act 2006. However, the
results of the Company are presented in notes 4 and 11 to these financial statements.
The Company has taken advantage of paragraph 2D of FRS 29 (IFRS 7) ‘Financial instruments’ and has not disclosed information required
by that standard as the Group’s consolidated financial statements, in which the Company is included, provide equivalent disclosures for the
Group under IFRS 7.
No new UK accounting standards which affect the presentation of these financial statements have been issued.
Investment in subsidiary
The investment in subsidiary is stated at cost less any accumulated impairment losses.
Debtors
Debtors are recognised with an allowance for any non-collectable amounts, including where collection is no longer probable.
Adoption of FRS 101 in 2015-16
In 2012, the FRC, being the standard setting body in the UK, published FRS 101 ‘Reduced Disclosure Framework’ which is available to
qualifying entities that prepare their Annual Report and Accounts under EU adopted IFRS (International Financial Reporting Standards).
This outlines a reduced disclosure framework available to qualifying entities and all UK entities will be required to adopt this or an alternative
standard in 2015. Royal Mail plc intends to prepare its accounts under FRS 101 for the first time in 2015. This change is not expected to
have a significant impact on the Royal Mail plc parent Company accounts. The consolidated accounts for the Group will continue to be
prepared under full IFRS. The Board considers that it is in the best interests of the Group for Royal Mail plc to adopt FRS 101 ‘Reduced
Disclosure Framework’. A shareholder or shareholders holding in aggregate five per cent or more of the total allotted shares in Royal Mail plc
may serve objections to the use of the disclosure exemptions on Royal Mail plc, in writing, to its registered office (100 Victoria Embankment,
London, EC4Y 0HQ) not later than 30 September 2015 and, if so received, Royal Mail plc may not use these disclosure exemptions.
2. Directors’ emoluments
The Directors of the Company are not paid any fees by the Company for their services as Directors of the Company. The Directors are paid
fees by other companies of the Group. These emoluments are disclosed in the Group financial statements.
3. Auditor’s remuneration
The auditor of the Company is not paid fees by the Company. The auditor of the Company is paid fees by other companies of the Group.
This remuneration is disclosed in the Group financial statements (note 13).
4. Profit and loss account
The Company is a non-trading company. The profit for the period of £207 million (2013-14 £4 million loss) is primarily in respect of
£210 million of dividends received from Royal Mail Group Limited, offset by management charges to and from Royal Mail Group Limited
and certain transaction-related costs.
5. Taxation
There is no tax charge/credit for the period.
6. Investment in subsidiary
At 31 March 2014 and 12 September 2013
Investment in subsidiary – charge for Employee Free Shares/LTIP/SAYE1
At 29 March 2015 and 30 March 2014
1 Excludes £7 million (2013-14 £3 million) associated National Insurance costs
At 29 March
2015
£m
1,591
168
1,759
At 30 March
2014
£m
1,500
91
1,591
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
73
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Notes to the parent Company financial statements (continued)
7. Debtors – amounts falling due within one year
This balance mainly consists of an intercompany loan to Royal Mail Group Limited of the proceeds from the issue of the €500 million
bond (note 9).
8. Provisions for liabilities and charges
In relation to the transfer of Royal Mail Group Limited to the Company in 2013-14, a provision for liabilities and charges of less than
£1 million remains.
9. Creditors – amounts falling due after more than one year
In July 2014 the Company issued €500 million 2.375 per cent Senior Fixed Rate Notes due July 2024 with a fixed annual interest coupon
of 2.375 per cent. The proceeds raised were transferred to Royal Mail Group Limited.
10. Called up share capital
At 29 March
2015
£m
At 30 March
2014
£m
Authorised
1,000,000,000 ordinary shares of £0.01 each
Total
Allotted and issued
1,000,000,000 ordinary shares of £0.01 each
10
Total
10
Of the issued ordinary shares, a total of 40,935 are held by the Employee Benefit Trustee (EBT). These are treated as treasury shares in the
consolidated balance sheet in accordance with IAS 32 ‘Financial Instruments: Presentation’. As such, calculations of earnings per share for the
Group exclude these shares. However, the Company does not hold any shares in treasury for the purposes of these separate Company
financial statements.
11. Shareholders’ funds
10
10
10
10
10
10
At 6 September 2013 (incorporation)
Loss for the period
Issue of shares in consideration for the transfer of Royal Mail Group Limited shares
Reduction of capital
Investment in subsidiary
At 30 March 2014
Profit for the period
Investment in subsidiary
Dividend paid
At 29 March 2015
Called up
share
capital
£m
–
–
1,500
(1,490)
–
10
–
–
-
10
Retained
earnings
£m
–
(4)
–
1,490
91
1,577
207
168
(200)
1,752
Total
£m
–
(4)
1,500
–
91
1,587
207
168
(200)
1,762
148
74
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Statement of Directors’ responsibilities
in respect of the parent Company
financial statements
The Directors are responsible for preparing the Directors’ report and the financial statements in accordance with applicable law
and regulations.
Company law requires the Directors to prepare financial statements for each financial year. Under that law the Directors have elected to
prepare the financial statements in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (United Kingdom Accounting
Standards including Financial Reporting Standard 102 ‘The Financial Reporting Standard applicable in the UK and Republic of Ireland’) and
applicable law. Under company law the Directors must not approve the financial statements unless they are satisfied that they give a true
and fair view of the state of affairs of the Company and of the profit or loss of the Company for that period. In preparing these financial
statements, the Directors are required to:
• Select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently;
• Make judgements and accounting estimates that are reasonable and prudent;
• State whether applicable United Kingdom (UK) Accounting Standards have been followed, subject to any material departures disclosed
and explained in the financial statements; and
• Prepare the financial statements on the going concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume that the Company will continue in
business.
The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company’s transactions
and disclose with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial position of the Company and enable them to ensure that the financial
statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. They are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of the Company and hence for
taking reasonable steps for the prevention and detection of fraud and other irregularities.
Matthew Lester
20 May 2015
Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
75
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15
Independent Auditor’s Report to
the members of the parent Company
Royal Mail plc
We have audited the parent Company financial statements of Royal Mail plc for the period ended 29 March 2015 which comprise the parent
Company balance sheet and the related notes 1 to 11. The financial reporting framework that has been applied in their preparation is
applicable law and United Kingdom Accounting Standards (United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice).
This report is made solely to the Company’s members, as a body, in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006. Our
audit work has been undertaken so that we might state to the Company’s members those matters we are required to state to them in an
Auditor’s report and for no other purpose. To the fullest extent permitted by law, we do not accept or assume responsibility to anyone other
than the Company and the Company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or for the opinions we have formed.
Respective responsibilities of Directors and Auditors
As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors’ responsibilities statement set out on page 149, the Directors are responsible for the
preparation of the parent Company financial statements and for being satisfied that they give a true and fair view. Our responsibility is to
audit and express an opinion on the parent Company financial statements in accordance with applicable law and International Standards on
Auditing (UK and Ireland). Those standards require us to comply with the Auditing Practices Board’s Ethical Standards for Auditors.
Scope of the audit of the financial statements
An audit involves obtaining evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the parent Company financial statements sufficient to give
reasonable assurance that the parent Company financial statements are free from material misstatement, whether caused by fraud or error.
This includes an assessment of: whether the accounting policies are appropriate to the parent Company’s circumstances and have been
consistently applied and adequately disclosed; the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by the Directors; and the overall
presentation of the parent Company financial statements. In addition, we read all the financial and non-financial information in the Annual
Report to identify material inconsistencies with the audited financial statements and to identify any information that is apparently materially
incorrect based on, or materially inconsistent with, the knowledge acquired by us in the course of performing the audit. If we become aware
of any apparent material misstatements or inconsistencies we consider the implications for our report.
Opinion on financial statements
In our opinion the parent Company financial statements:
• Give a true and fair view of the state of the Company’s affairs as at 29 March 2015;
• Have been properly prepared in accordance with United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting Practice; and
• Have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Companies Act 2006.
Opinion on other matter prescribed by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion:
• The part of the Directors’ remuneration report to be audited has been properly prepared in accordance with the Companies Act 2006; and
• The information given in the Strategic report and the Directors’ report for the financial period for which the financial statements are
prepared is consistent with the parent Company financial statements.
Matters on which we are required to report by exception
We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion:
• Adequate accounting records have not been kept by the parent Company, or returns adequate for our audit have not been received from
branches not visited by us; or
• The parent Company financial statements and the part of the Directors’ remuneration report to be audited are not in agreement with the
accounting records and returns; or
• Certain disclosures of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or
• We have not received all the information and explanations we require for our audit.
Other matter
We have reported separately on the Group financial statements of Royal Mail plc for the period ended 29 March 2015.
Richard Wilson (Senior statutory auditor)
for and on behalf of Ernst & Young LLP, Statutory Auditor
London
20 May 2015
150
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Royal Mail plc
Annual Report and Financial Statements for the year ended 29 March 2015
Royal Mail plc
Shareholder information
Information for investors
Information for investors is provided on the internet
as part of the Group’s website which can be found at:
www.royalmailgroup.com/investor-centre
Investor enquiries
Enquiries can be directed via our website or by contacting:
Registrars
Equiniti
Aspect House, Spencer Road, Lancing, West Sussex, BN99 6DA
www.shareview.co.uk
Tel: 0871 384 2656 (from outside the UK: +44 (0)121 415 7086)
Calls to this number cost 8 pence per minute from a BT landline, other
providers’ costs may vary. Lines are open 8.30am to 5.30pm UK time,
Monday to Friday.
Registered office
Royal Mail plc
100 Victoria Embankment
London EC4Y 0HQ
Registered in England and Wales
Company number 08680755
Corporate websites
Information made available on the Group’s websites does not, and
is not intended to, form part of this Annual Report and Financial
Statements.
Financial calendar
Trading update – 21 July 2015
Annual General Meeting – 23 July 2015
Dividend dates
Ex-dividend date – 2 July 2015
Record date – 3 July 2015
Payment date – 31 July 2015
Shareholder information online
The Company’s registrars, Equiniti, are able to notify shareholders
by email of the availability of an electronic version of shareholder
information.
Whenever new shareholder information becomes available, such as
the Company’s half year and full year results, Equiniti will notify you
by email and you will be able to access, read and print documents at
your own convenience.
To take advantage of this service for future communications, please
go to www.shareview.co.uk and select ‘Shareholder Services’, where
full details of the shareholder portfolio service are provided. When
registering for this service, you will need to have your 11-digit
shareholder reference number to hand, which is shown on your
dividend tax voucher, share certificate or form of proxy.
Should you change your mind at a later date, you may amend your
request to receive electronic communication by entering your
shareview portfolio online and amending your preferred method
of communication from ‘email’ to ‘post’.
Shareholder fraud
Fraudsters use persuasive and high-pressure tactics to lure investors
into scams. They may offer to sell shares that turn out to be worthless
or non-existent, or to buy shares at an inflated price in return for an
upfront payment. While high profits are promised, if you buy or sell
shares in this way you will probably lose your money.
5,000 people contact the Financial Conduct Authority (FCA) about
share fraud each year, with victims losing an average of £20,000. If you
are approached by fraudsters please tell the FCA using the share fraud
reporting form at www.fca.org.uk/scams, where you can find out more
about investment scams. You can also call the FCA Consumer Helpline
on 0800 111 6768. If you have already paid money to share fraudsters
you should contact Action Fraud on 0300 123 2040.
Advisers
Corporate Brokers
Barclays Bank plc, The North Colonnade, London, E14 4BB
Bank of America Merrill Lynch, 2 King Edward Street, London,
EC1A 1HQ
Independent Auditor *
Ernst & Young LLP (EY), 1 More London Place, London SE1 2AF
Trustee of The Royal Mail Share Incentive Plan
Equiniti Share Plan Trustees Limited, Aspect House, Spencer Road,
Lancing, West Sussex, BN99 6DA
www.royalmailemployeeshares.co.uk
Tel: 0800 012 1213
* EY will hold office until the conclusion of the 2015 AGM. At the AGM a resolution is
tabled to appoint KPMG as Auditors of the Company
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Strategic reportGovernanceFinancial statementsOther informationAnnual Report and Financial Statements 2014-15 Forward-looking statements
Disclaimers
This document contains certain forward-looking statements
concerning the Group’s business, financial condition, results of
operations and certain of the Group’s plans, objectives, assumptions,
projections, expectations or beliefs with respect to these items.
Forward-looking statements are sometimes, but not always, identified
by their use of a date in the future or such words as ‘anticipates’, ‘aims’,
‘due’, ‘could’, ‘may’, ‘will’, ‘should’, ‘expects’, ‘believes’, ‘intends’, ‘plans’,
‘potential’, ‘targets’, ‘goal’ or ‘estimates’.
Forward-looking statements involve known and unknown risks,
uncertainties and other factors, which may cause the Group’s actual
financial condition, performance and results to differ materially from
the plans, goals, objectives and expectations set out in the forward-
looking statements included in this document. Accordingly, readers are
cautioned not to place undue reliance on forward-looking statements.
By their nature, forward-looking statements relate to events and
depend on circumstances that will occur in the future and are
inherently unpredictable. Such forward-looking statements should,
therefore, be considered in light of various important factors that could
cause actual results and developments to differ materially from those
expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements. These
factors include, among other things: changes in the economies and
markets in which the Group operates; changes in the regulatory regime
within which the Group operates; changes in interest and exchange
rates; the impact of competitive products and pricing; the occurrence of
major operational problems; the loss of major customers; undertakings
and guarantees relating to pension funds; contingent liabilities; the
impact of legal or other proceedings against, or which otherwise affect,
the Group; and risks associated with the Group’s overseas operations.
All written or verbal forward-looking statements, made in this
document or made subsequently, which are attributable to the Group
or any persons acting on their behalf are expressly qualified in their
entirety by the factors referred to above. No assurance can be given
that the forward-looking statements in this document will be realised;
actual events or results may differ materially as a result of risks and
uncertainties facing the Group. Subject to compliance with applicable
law and regulation, the Company does not intend to update the
forward-looking statements in this document to reflect events or
circumstances after the date of this document, and does not undertake
any obligation to do so.
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Royal Mail plc 100% recycled. 100% FSC accredited.
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Royal Mail, the cruciform, Parcelforce Worldwide and the Parcelforce Worldwide logo are trade marks of
Royal Mail Group Limited. The GLS arrow logo is a trade mark of General Logistics Systems Germany GmbH & Co. OHG.
Annual Report 2014-15 © Royal Mail Group Limited 2015. All rights reserved.