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RWS
Annual Report 2016

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FY2016 Annual Report · RWS
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New horizons

 RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

RWS Holdings plc 2016 Annual Report

Europa House 

Chiltern Park 

Chiltern Hill 

Chalfont St Peter 

Bucks 

SL9 9FG 

United Kingdom

Telephone  +44 (0) 1753 480 200 

Facsimile  +44 (0) 1753 480 280 

Email  rws@rws.com

www.rws.com

 
 
 
 
 
Contents

2   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Contents

Contents

Company Overview 

Financial Highlights 

Chairman‘s Statement 

Strategic Report 

Board of Directors 

Directors‘ Report 

Statement of Directors‘ Responsibilities   

Directors‘ Remuneration Report  

Independent Auditor‘s Report  
to the Members of RWS Holdings plc 

Financial Statements

 Consolidated Statement  
of Comprehensive Income 

 Consolidated Statement  
of Financial Position 

 Consolidated Statement  
of Changes in Equity 

 Consolidated Statement  
of Cash Flows 

 Notes to the Consolidated  
Financial Statements 

 Parent Company  
Financial Statements 

 Company Statement  
of Changes in Equity 

 Notes to the Company  
Financial Statements 

Shareholder information 

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2   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Company overview

RWS provides language and intellectual 
property services that support its clients in 
taking products from concept to market

Research and 
development

Patenting

Information  
A comprehensive range of patent search 
and monitoring services which enable 
clients to check if their intellectual property 
is novel, valid for an application or risks 
infringing upon existing patents. RWS has 
also established Patbase as one of the 
world’s largest searchable commercial 
patent databases covering over 57 million 
patent families, designed by professional 
searchers and sold on a subscription basis.

Patent Translation & Filing  
The translation of patent and supporting 
intellectual property documents in over  
200 language pairs and the management  
of multi-jurisdictional patent filing supported 
by our international web-based filing 
platform, inovia.com.

Technically and linguistically accurate 
translations delivered to deadline

Efficient processes supported by 
sophisticated and proprietary technology 

Over 99% on time*

Over 500 million words 
translated last year*

2   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Our in-depth understanding of clients’ differing requirements as their product 

moves from research and development, to protection and commercialisation 

enables us to deliver consistently high-quality services at each stage of the product 

lifecycle, whilst giving RWS visibility of activity across the value chain

Clinical Trials, 
Patient Outcomes 

Commercialisation  
and Litigation

Life Sciences  
A full suite of language solutions designed  
to support the entire life science industry.  
The translation and linguistic validation  
of vital content for pharmaceutical,  
biotech and medical device companies 
including their clinical research 
organisations, advertising agencies  
and other subcontractors.

Technical & Commercial Translation   
The translation of other specialist 
documents, from technical specifications 
and manuals to sensitive legal and 
financial documents. Our work includes 
the localisation of materials to ensure they 
are linguistically and culturally appropriate 
and in line with local regulations in multiple 
target markets.

Excellent quality control  
and customer service

Over 99% of customers happy 
with the quality of our services* 

*Source: RWS records

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   3

Financial Highlights

)

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Over 80,000 
patent and IP 
documents and
65,000 life 
science projects  
per year

A strong financial track record

Market leader in intellectual property and 
life science language and support services

c.800 employees  
including subject specialist 
translators & checkers  
and project managers  

Strong reputation for quality and 
delivery with specialist staff supported 
by sophisticated technology

7.8% increase 

in world-wide patent 
applications in 2015*  
14% CAGR in US clinical  
trials 2011-2016**

Growing markets

13%

sales growth at CTi 
since acquisition

RWS has a strong track record of 
executing earnings accretive acquisitions

*Source: World Intellectual Property Office, **Source: Number of clinical trials as recorded by ClinicalTrials.gov, a U.S. National Institutes of Health service

4   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

 
 
10% 
Commercial 
Translation

20% 
Life Sciences

5% 
Information

90% of revenues in 
highly specialised fields – 
intellectual property  
and life sciences

65% 
Patent translation 
& filing

Medical & 
Pharma

Aerospace  
& Defence

Chemical

Automotive

Energy

Manufacturing

Technology  
& Telecoms

A diversified international, blue chip client base

Strong cash generation 
supports progressive 
dividend policy

13 years  
of dividend 
increases

Operations located to service 
customer needs globally

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   5

Chairman’s Statement

I am pleased to report that RWS has delivered its 
best year ever despite a far from robust global 
economic backdrop. For the thirteenth consecutive 
year since listing on AIM in November 2003, we have 
achieved growth in sales, underlying profits and 
dividends, testimony to the strength of our market 
positions in patent translations, intellectual property 
services and life sciences services. During the year, 
we have also continued to invest in those resources 
which can deliver future expansion.

Results and Financial Review
The Group has achieved further significant progress 
in underlying operational performance, reflecting 
continued growth in the core patent translations 
business, together with growth in PatBase, China 
and Japan. In addition, the Group benefited from 
a strong maiden contribution from CTi, the US life 
sciences specialist it acquired in October 2015. 
A material improvement in Group gross margins also 
contributed to our record results.

Group sales advanced by 28% to £122.0 million 
(2015: £95.2 million). Adjusted operating profit 
before amortization of intangibles, share option 
costs and acquisition expenses was up 40% at 
£32.0 million (2015: £22.9 million).

Adjusted profit before tax, amortization of 
intangibles, share option costs and exceptional 
acquisition expenses increased by 35% to 
£30.6 million (2015: £22.7 million). This produced an 
increase of 35% in adjusted earnings per share to 
10.9p (2015: 8.1p).

Reported profit before tax was £25.1 million (2015: 
£20.7 million). This result reflected significantly 
greater amortization of intangibles largely driven by 
the CTi acquisition and totalling £4.6 million (2015: 
£1.6 million), offset by lower share based payment 
costs. Basic earnings per share were 9.0p (2015: 
7.3p), a rise of 23%. The Group’s effective tax rate 
was 22.9% (2015: 24.8%).

As of 30 September 2016, shareholders’ funds 
had reached £108.7 million (2015: £85.7 million). 
At 1 October 2015 the Group had net cash of 
£30.6 million. The Group ended the 2016 financial 
year with net debt of only £1.5 million, after the 
£47.1 million cash consideration for CTi which was 
acquired at the end of October 2015, demonstrating 
the Group’s continued strong underlying cash 

6   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

generation. Other significant cash outlays included 
corporation tax of £5.2 million and dividends of 
£10.6 million.

Currency Effects and Hedging
This year has been marked by considerable volatility 
in global currency markets. This was compounded 
in the aftermath of the EU referendum in late June 
and the Group has benefitted from the resulting 
decline in sterling. RWS is a prolific exporter of its 
services meaning that over 85% of its revenues 
are non-sterling, its principal exposures being to 
the euro and the US dollar. The Group’s estimated 
net exposure to the Euro has been hedged at an 
average rate of 1 Euro = 83p for the whole of the 
year to 30 September 2017. The average rate 
experienced over 2015-16 was 78.1p. Exposure 
to the US dollar is largely offset by the five year 
US$45 million dollar loan drawn to acquire CTi.

Acquisition of a market leader in Life Sciences 
translations and linguistic validation
The Group announced on 2 November 2015 that 
it had acquired the entire issued share capital 
of Corporate Translations Inc. (“CTi”) for a cash 
consideration of US$70 million. This acquisition was 
in line with our stated strategy of complementing 
organic growth with selective acquisitions which 
have growth potential in attractive sectors and/or 
geographies, offer excellent margins and enhance 
shareholder value.

The acquisition of CTi established a significant Group 
presence in the USA which the Board believes is 
the largest growth opportunity for RWS. CTi is one 
of the world’s leading life sciences translation and 
linguistic validation providers. It enjoys a preferred 
supplier relationship with many of its key clients, 
with extraordinary penetration of the blue chip life 
sciences community. CTi’s greater scale, combined 
with the existing RWS specialist divisions, provided 
a step change in the Group’s competitive standing 
amongst the major pharmaceutical groups and 
contract research organisations, whilst RWS’ strong 
foothold in Europe is already supporting CTi’s 
expansion into the European life sciences sector.

Funding for the acquisition was via a combination of 
a US$45 million five-year bank loan and the Group’s 
internal cash resources.

Chairman’s Statement (continued)

The acquisition of CTi has been immediately 
and significantly earnings enhancing, with the 
US$70 million consideration based upon CTi reporting 
in excess of US$7 million EBITDA for the year ended 
31 December 2015. We have now completed the 
integration of CTi with our Medical Translation 
Division, which included the linguistic validation 
specialist PharmaQuest, and we now report on it as 
part of our combined life sciences activities. We were 
also pleased to have appointed Sheena Dempsey 
as Chief Executive Officer of CTi in early September, 
following the anticipated departure of the CTi vendors 
after a hand-over period. She brings a wealth of 
experience and knowledge of the life sciences space 
and is a welcome addition to our strong operational 
management team across the Group.

Dividend
I am pleased to announce that the Board has 
recommended a final dividend of 4.45p per share. 
The interim dividend, paid in July, was 1.15p per 
share, so the total payout in respect of the year will 
amount to 5.6p per share, an increase of 15% over 
2015 reflecting the Group’s earnings growth during 
2016 and the Board’s confidence in the Group’s 
continued progress. This proposed payout marks a 
thirteen-year unbroken record of increases in the 
dividend since flotation in November 2003.

The proposed total dividend is 1.6 times covered 
by basic earnings per share. Subject to shareholder 
approval at the Annual General Meeting, the final 
dividend will be paid on 24 February 2017 to all 
shareholders on the register at 27 January 2017. The 
shares will trade ex-dividend on 26 January 2017.

Share Option Plan
RWS announced on 4 April 2013 that the Board had 
approved a new share option plan for executive 
Directors and senior managers, under which options 
would be granted over ordinary shares representing 
up to a maximum of 4% of the Group’s share capital. 
The plan is designed to further align the interests of 
senior employees with shareholders and to promote 
the retention of the Group’s senior executives.

Options over 4% of the Group’s share capital have 
been issued to ten participants, with a subscription 
price of 129.2p per share. The earliest vesting date 
is 3 April 2015 and the latest exercise date is 3 April 
2021. A total of 4,184,810 options were exercised 
during the year.

People
The very nature of the Group’s activities dictate that 
it will always be dependent upon the quality and 
dedication of its entire staff to meet the demands 
for high quality and timely delivery required by its 
worldwide clients. Group headcount reached 792 full 
time equivalents at the year-end (2015: 621), which 
includes the 143 CTi employees who joined the 
Group upon acquisition. I wish to place on record my 
thanks to all of our employees for their contribution 
to the Group’s excellent results. 

Corporate Social Responsibility
RWS has always sought to be a socially responsible 
Group which has a positive impact on the 
communities it operates in. We look to employ 
colleagues who reflect the diversity of the Group’s 
communities. No discrimination is tolerated, and we 
endeavour to give all employees the opportunity to 
develop their capabilities. We provide an excellent 
working environment, the latest technology and 
appropriate training.

RWS’ staff contribute generously on a monthly basis 
to a wide selection of local and national charities 
chosen by the staff, and their contributions are 
matched by the Group.

Current Trading and Outlook 
The Group has made a very strong start to the new 
financial year, benefiting from significant underlying 
growth in revenues, better gross margins and 
currency tailwinds.

The Board remains highly encouraged by the Group’s 
opportunities to continue to grow significantly and 
profitably across its now broader portfolio of market 
leading businesses, particularly as it looks to build on 
its position in life sciences in the USA.

The Group’s strong cash generation and healthy 
balance sheet leave us well positioned to pursue that 
growth through acquisitions and organic investment, 
whilst also maintaining our progressive dividend 
policy.

Andrew Brode
Chairman
6 December 2016

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   7

Organic growth is driven by:
–  increases in the worldwide patent filing activities of 

existing and potential multinational clients

–  the development of new drugs by the 

pharmaceutical industry

–  the outsourcing by corporates, clinical research 

organisations, law firms and attorneys of all or part 
of their foreign patent search, filing and translation 
and linguistic validation processes.

–  the growing demand for language services and 

the Group’s ability to increase its market share by 
winning new clients attracted by its leading position 
and reputation, in an otherwise fragmented sector 
and in new and/or growing geographies

–  increasing market share, particularly in the patent 

translation and life sciences markets

–  the retention of our client base, which includes 
a large share of the top 20 patent filers both 
in Europe and globally, many of which will use 
the Group for substantially all of their patent 
translation requirements, and

–  the addition of new clients each year with whom 

activity levels build up over time.

In terms of acquisitive growth, we continue to 
search for suitable potential acquisitions in the 
intellectual property support services and specialist 
commercial translation spaces, with our primary 
focus currently on life sciences in the USA. We seek 
niche businesses capable of delivering well above 
industry average levels of profitability or highly 
complementary businesses capable of reinforcing 
the Group’s dominant position in intellectual 
property support and language services. 

We are particularly pleased to be able to show 
our progress against these stated objectives with 
13 straight years of sales and profit growth since 
flotation.

Strategic Review

Business Model
RWS is the world’s leading provider of intellectual 
property (IP) support services (patent translations, 
international patent filing solutions and searches), 
high level technical and commercial translation 
services and, following the acquisition of Corporate 
Translation Inc, a leading provider of translation 
and linguistic validation services to the life sciences 
sector. RWS has a blue chip multinational client 
base spanning Europe, North America and Asia, 
particularly active in patent filing in the medical, 
pharmaceutical, chemical, aerospace, defence, 
automotive and telecoms industries. The Group’s 
principal business activities are:

–  Patent translations and filing, which currently 

accounts for over 65% of Group revenue. RWS 
differentiates itself from the competition through 
the quality of its translations, its high level of IP 
expertise and customer service and the use of 
its international web based patent filing platform, 
‘inovia’. Uniquely, the business employs over 
100 full time highly qualified translators.

–  Following the acquisition in October 2015 of 

Corporate Translations Inc, RWS has established a 
separate division, focussed solely on the language 
service needs of the life sciences market, providing 
technical translations and linguistic validation to 
large pharmaceutical corporations and clinical 
research organisations in North America and 
Europe. 

–  Information, which includes a comprehensive 

range of patent search, retrieval and monitoring 
services as well as PatBase, one of the world’s 
largest searchable commercial patent databases, 
access to which is sold exclusively as an annual 
subscription service.

–  Commercial translations, with a particular 

emphasis on technical translations.

Our Strategy
RWS’ objective is to increase shareholder value by 
growing the Group’s revenue and profit before tax.

Our strategy to achieve this is focused upon organic 
growth complemented by selective acquisitions, 
providing these can be demonstrated to enhance 
shareholder value.

8   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Strategic Review (continued)

Annual Revenue £m

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Annual Adjusted PBT £m

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Operating Review

Patent Translations and Filing
The Group’s core patent translation and filing 
business (including inovia) represents 65% of 
Group sales and grew revenues by 8% to £79.4 
million (2015: £73.3 million). This performance 
reflects earlier client wins, organic growth from the 
established client base, and further strong growth 
in China. The macroeconomic background delivered 
further grounds for confidence with record numbers 
of new patent applications in 2015.

The Group has maintained its market leadership, 
having recently successfully renewed master service 
agreements with many of its top clients. It services 
11 of the top 20 applicants at the World Intellectual 
Property Office and 12 of the top 20 applicants at 
the European Patent Office in 2015.

Selling IP services under the RWS inovia brand, the 
US and European sales teams continue to develop 
opportunities with large international patent filers 
which will support FY17 sales. In Asia we continued 
successfully with our strategy to target Japanese and 
Chinese international filers for our patent translation 
and filing services. Sales from Japan are supporting 
our current growth, while progress in China with 
a number of innovators is expected to support 
additional growth in the medium term. China 
continues to attract North American and European 
patent filers seeking patent protection there, as a 
result of which our headcount in China has grown 
to 70 employees (2015: 63). We are operating from 
three locations and have continued to develop 
production and training centres with several Chinese 
universities. These centres enable the Group to 
expand its Chinese offering but at a lower cost than 
in Beijing. We have also continued to expand our 
long term relationships with international patent 
bodies seeking to enlarge their collections of 
translated Chinese patent prosecution documents.

Life Sciences
The Group’s life science division accounts for 20% 
of the Group’s sales (£24.4 million compared to 
£4.2 million in 2015) and focuses on the language 
service requirements of Pharmaceutical corporations 
and Clinical Research Organisations.

The results of this division include the sales of RWS 
businesses which service the life sciences sector, 
namely PharmaQuest and Medical Translation 
Division (“MTD”) and were previously included within 
the Commercial Translations division, in addition 
to an 11 month revenue (US$30.5 million (2015: 
US$27.0 million), contribution from CTi since its 
acquisition in October 2015.

During the year we successfully completed a 
thorough market search for a new CEO ahead of 
the anticipated departure of the vendors of CTi 
who wished to pursue philanthropic ventures. In 
early September we announced the appointment of 
Sheena Dempsey. As described in more detail below, 
RWS has successfully completed the integration of
PharmaQuest and MTD with CTi such that all 3 
businesses now operate on the same operating 
system, using the same process and report to 
Sheena.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   9

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Strategic Review (continued)

Commercial Translations
The commercial translations business, which 
accounts for 10% of Group sales and operates in the 
UK, Germany and Switzerland, reported a 2% growth 
in revenues to £11.9 million (2015: £11.7 million) 
(after restatement for the move of PharmaQuest and 
MTD revenues to the new life sciences division). We 
have grouped all non-patent and non-life science 
translations in this service line and it remains 
the segment of our business most exposed to 
competition. Given the intensity of the competition, 
we continue to focus upon specialist niches and 
larger projects where the Group’s resources and 
expertise can provide a competitive edge and to 
investigate ways of improving margins through 
production process efficiencies.

The recently established German patent translation 
facility is steadily growing and will both balance the 
cyclical effect evident in the commercial translation 
activities and improve Germany’s contribution to 
Group margins through better utilisation of existing 
resources. 

The commercial translation business does enable 
RWS to offer customers a complete solution to their 
translation needs whilst continuing to provide good 
cross selling opportunities for the patent translation 
and life sciences businesses, which have already 
made use of interpreting services provided by Group 
company Eclipse.

Information
The information business accounts for 5% of Group 
sales and reported revenues up 7% to £6.4 million 
(2015: £6.0 million) reflecting several successful 
client wins and a good flow of regular work from 
a number of clients. The high margin subscription 
service – PatBase – grew by 7.2% during the year. 
We have continued to invest in PatBase searchability, 
content, analytics and geographic coverage as well as 
in a robust, state of the art infrastructure to secure 
the resilience of the platform which provides 24/7 
worldwide access.

10   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Market Update

Patent Filing Statistics
The World Intellectual Property Office (WIPO) has 
published figures showing a 7.8% world-wide 
increase in patent applications in 2015; a higher 
growth rate than the 4.5% seen in 2014. Overall 
growth is driven by Chinese domestic applications, 
with the US still being the most active in international 
filing. Filings are under the two main international 
filing systems, the PCT (Patent Cooperation Treaty) 
and the European Patent; PCT numbers increased 
by 1.7% to 218,000 and European Patent application 
numbers by 1.6% to 278,867 in 2015.

Risk Management
The Group maintains a risk register which is 
reviewed and assessed on an annual basis by the 
Board of Directors. The key risks to the business are 
errors in the provision of the Group’s services, in a 
mismatch between currencies (especially as between 
the Euro and Sterling), in regulatory changes to 
patent translation requirements in Europe, in the 
emergence of new translation technologies, and the 
failure to successfully integrate acquired businesses 
into RWS. Additionally, as with any people business 
delivering high quality services, the Group depends 
upon its ability to attract and retain well trained staff.

These risks are mitigated as follows:
–  Failings in service provision are most likely to 

arise as a result of human error. RWS was the first 
language services provider and, independently, 
the first search company to adopt ISO certification 
and invests in exhaustive and regularly updated 
procedures to minimise the risk of error. In 
addition, the Group carries substantial professional 
indemnity insurance.

–  As previously reported, currency risk is partly 

mitigated via hedging operations.

–   We have in the past drawn the market’s attention 
to the proposed European Union Patent (“the 
Unitary Patent”) and its potential impact upon the 
Group’s profits and the uncertainty around the 
timetable for its implementation. As one of the 
three largest patent filers in Europe, the UK would 
play a key role in the future administration of the 
Unitary Patent and has been designated as one of 
the three countries to host a Unitary Patent court. 
Given the UK’s ‘Brexit’ vote, there was considerable 
uncertainty as to whether the UK would ratify the 
Unitary Patent prior to its exit from the European 

Strategic Review (continued)

Union. However, on 28 November 2016 the UK 
government announced that it is proceeding with 
preparations to ratify the Unified Patent Court 
Agreement, which could see the UP introduced in 
the second half of 2017. 

As previously reported, there is scepticism among 
applicants and the IP profession both as regards 
the UP’s jurisdiction and also the actual financial 
benefits for those applicants which do not 
require Europe-wide patent coverage. Because 
the proposed Unitary Patent will run in parallel 
with the existing system, it will not provide any 
financial advantage to many corporates who only 
seek patent protection in selected key countries. 
In addition, corporates using the Unitary Patent 
scheme for the first time will also run the risk of 
a new and untried intellectual property litigation 
system. 

To date there has been insufficient guidance from 
the UK Government as to the terms it will seek for 
UK’s exit from the EU. The uncertainty of whether 
the UP will still cover the UK when it finally exits the 
EU could add further reluctance to using the new 
system. We therefore anticipate a minimal loss of 
revenue in FY17 and we will be closely monitoring 
client reaction and legal developments over the 
next six months to establish the impact/position 
for FY18 and beyond. 

–  In October 2015, RWS acquired CTi with the 

intention of building a single life sciences business 
with greater global reach. The subsequent 
integration focussed on merging RWS’ smaller 
existing life science businesses of PharmaQuest 
and MTD into CTi. This integration work included 
retraining staff, the consolidation of customers and 
suppliers, and establishing strong IT links between 
the businesses. This work is now complete. 

The supplier consolidations have reduced 
technical costs and improved margins, whilst the 
consolidation of customers has improved the focus 
of our service offering and enables RWS to provide 
its life science customers with a consistent, high 
level of service across both their US and European 
operations. In addition, cross-selling opportunities 
have already been identified and are beginning to 
yield positive results as well as enhancing our sales 
pipeline. 

The framework for and experience gained from this 
successful CTi and RWS integration will be utilised 
on future acquisitions.

–  The Group has always embraced new translation 
technologies and used them to good effect in 
order to maintain and improve margins, efficiency 
and competitiveness. Recognizing advances in 
machine translation technology (MT), we have just 
completed an internal programme to investigate 
and trial best MT use and have started integrating 
MT engines into the translation workflow in 
appropriate areas along with Translation Memory 
technology. Very recently, substantial technological 
progress has been made with the introduction of 
Neural Machine Translation (NMT) engines, which 
will also be employed by the Group following 
further testing and supplier selection. It is clear 
that the market for general translations will be 
further eroded by NMT and that a successful LSP 
(Language Services Provider) needs to focus on 
premium quality translation work in critical areas, 
such as IP and life sciences

–  As a significant employer in the local area of South 
Buckinghamshire, we believe we offer stability of 
employment, competitive salaries and an excellent 
working environment. In the current economic 
climate, we have been successful in recruiting 
high calibre staff as required, but competition for 
talented people to work on the periphery of the 
London conurbation is undoubtedly intensifying, as 
evidenced by the exceptionally low unemployment 
statistics for the area.

On behalf of the Board

Richard Thompson
6 December 2016

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   11

 
 
 
 
Board of Directors at 30 September 2016

Andrew S Brode (76)
Chairman

Peter Mountford (59)
Non-Executive Director

Member of the Audit Committee and the 
Remuneration Committee

Chairman of the Audit Committee and member  
of the Remuneration Committee

Appointed as a Director 11 April 2000

Appointed as a Director 11 April 2000

Founder of Bybrook and led the management  
buy in of the RWS Group. A substantial shareholder 
in the Company

Chairman of Mountford Capital Limited, Chairman  
of Heropreneurs and a Non-Executive Director  
of a number of other private companies

Non-Executive Chairman of Learning Technologies 
Group plc and Electric Word plc and Non-Executive 
Director of a number of private companies

Elisabeth A Lucas (60)
Non-Executive Director

Reinhard Ottway (57)
Chief Executive Officer

Appointed as a Director 1 January 2012

Joined RWS Group in 1994 and was Business 
Development Director from 2001

Member of the Audit Committee and the 
Remuneration Committee

Joined RWS Group in 1977, Managing Director  
of Translations Division from 1992 and Chief 
Executive Officer from 1995 to 2011

Appointed as a Director on 11 November 2003

Registered office
Europa House
Chiltern Park
Chiltern Hill
Chalfont St Peter
Buckinghamshire
SL9 9FG

Company registration number
03002645 

Richard Thompson (54)
Deputy Chief Executive Officer
Finance Director and Company Secretary

Appointed as a Director and Company Secretary 
28 November 2012

Previously worked for Actix International Limited,  
a global supplier of software and services to the 
telecommunications market

David E Shrimpton (73)
Senior independent Non-Executive Director 
and Deputy Chairman

Member of the Audit Committee and Chairman  
of the Remuneration Committee 

Appointed as a Director 1 January 2010

Non-Executive Director of a number of private 
companies

12   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

 
 
Directors’ Report 

The Directors present their annual report together 
with the audited consolidated financial statements 
for the year ended 30 September 2016.

Business performance and risks
The review of the business, operations, principal risks 
and outlook are dealt with in the Strategic Review 
on pages 8 to 11. The key performance indicators of 
the Group are revenues and adjusted pre-tax profit 
before amortization of acquired intangibles, share 
option costs and acquisition costs.

the next 12 months from the date these financial 
statements were approved.

Financial instruments
Information about the use of financial instruments 
by the Group is given in note 18 to the financial 
statements.

Directors
Details of members of the Board at 30 September 
2016 are set out on page 12.

Financial results
The financial statements set out the results of the 
Group for the year ended 30 September 2016 which 
are shown on page 23.

The interests of the Directors in shares during 
the year are set out on page 18 in the Directors‘ 
Remuneration Report.

Group revenues advanced by 28.2% to 
£122.0 million (2015: £95.2 million) and pre-tax  
profit before amortization of intangibles, share 
option costs and exceptional costs was £30.6 million 
(2015: £22.7 million), a rise of 34.8%. Profit before 
tax is £25.1 million (2015: £20.7 million). The total 
tax expense was £5.8 million (2015: £5.1 million) an 
effective tax rate of 22.9% (2015: 24.8%).

Basic earnings per share was 9.0 pence (2015: 
7.3 pence).

Dividends
The Directors recommend a final dividend of 
4.45 pence per Ordinary share (see note 8) to be 
paid on the 24 February 2017 to shareholders on the 
register at 27 January 2017, which, together with the 
dividend of 1.15 pence paid in July 2016 makes a total 
dividend for the year of 5.60 pence (2015: 4.88 pence). 
The final dividend will be reflected in the financial 
statements for the year ending 30 September 2017. 
The proposed total dividend per share is 1.6 times 
covered by basic earnings per share.

Going concern accounting basis
The Group had cash resources of £27.9 million 
at 30 September 2016 and an overall net debt 
of £1.5 million following the funding of the CTi 
acquisition. The Group was able to generate free 
cash flow of £23.1 million in the year. The Directors 
have considered the recent operating results, the 
acquisition of CTi and the associated debt along 
with the financial position and have a reasonable 
expectation that the Group has adequate resources 
to continue in operation as a going concern for 

Peter Mountford and Richard Thompson retire by 
rotation at the Annual General Meeting and being 
eligible offers themselves for re-election.

The Company‘s Annual General Meeting will be held 
in London on 14 February 2017.

Directors‘ indemnities
As permitted in its articles of association, the 
Directors have the benefit of an indemnity which is a 
third party indemnity provision as defined in section 
234 of the Companies Act 2006. The indemnity was 
in force throughout the last financial year and is 
currently in force. (The Company also purchased and 
maintained throughout the financial year, Directors 
and Officers liability insurance in respect of itself and 
its Directors).

Corporate governance

The Board
Throughout the year the Board comprised the 
Chairman, two Executive and three Non-Executive 
Directors. The Board considers that all of the Non-
Executive Directors are independent in character 
and judgement and that there are no relationships 
or circumstances which are likely to affect their 
independent judgement. The Board notes that 
Elisabeth Lucas was previously the Chief Executive 
of the Company, however they believe that her in 
depth knowledge and experience of working with 
RWS, in the language services industry, gives her 
a unique insight into the Company‘s operations and 
markets, making her a very valued member of the 
RWS Board.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   13

Directors’ Report (continued)

The Executive Directors have direct responsibility 
for business operations whilst the Non-Executive 
Directors have a responsibility to bring independent, 
objective judgement to bear on Board decisions. 
The Board met six times during the year to review 
financial performance and approve key business 
decisions, so that it retained control over strategic, 
budgetary, financial and organisational issues and 
monitored executive management. In addition to 
the Executive Directors, the members of the Senior 
Executive Team are:
Charles Sitch, Managing Director UK Translations 
Division; Neil Simpkin, Deputy Managing Director 
UK Translations Division; Jo Hindley, Commercial 
Director UK Translations Division; Caroline Chenique, 
European Sales Director and Roberto Aletto, IT 
Director. They are invited to attend various board 
meetings and report on the areas of responsibility 
delegated to them.

Audit Committee
The members of the Audit Committee are Peter 
Mountford (committee Chairman), David Shrimpton, 
Elisabeth Lucas and Andrew Brode.

The members with the exception of Andrew Brode, 
are Non-Executive Directors and the Board is 
satisfied that they have recent and relevant financial 
experience. Andrew Brode is the Group‘s Chairman 
and a substantial shareholder in the Ordinary 
shares of the Company.The Finance Director and 
representatives from the external auditors attend 
meetings at the request of the Committee. During 
the year the Committee met twice.

The Committee reviews and makes 
recommendations to the Board on: any change 
in accounting policies; decisions requiring a major 
element of judgement and risk; compliance with 
accounting standards and legal and regulatory 
requirements; disclosures in the interim and 
annual report and financial statements; dividend 
policy and payment; any significant concerns of 
the external auditor about the conduct, results or 
overall outcome of the annual audit of the Group; 
and, any matters that may significantly affect the 
independence of the external auditor.

In addition the Committee has oversight of the 
external audit process and reviews its effectiveness 
and approves any non-audit services provided.

Remuneration Committee
Further information about the Committee and the 
Company‘s remuneration policy is set out on pages 
17 to 19 in the Directors‘ Remuneration Report.

Internal controls and risk management
The Board has overall responsibility for the Group‘s 
system of internal controls. The system is designed 
to manage rather than eliminate the risk of failure 
to achieve business objectives and can only provide 
reasonable and not absolute assurance against 
material misstatement or loss.

The Directors believe that the Group has internal 
control systems in place appropriate to the size 
and nature of the business. The key elements are: 
bi-monthly Group board meetings with reports 
from and discussions with senior executives on 
performance and key risk areas in the business; 
monthly financial reporting, for the Group and for 
each subsidiary, of actual performance compared 
to budget and previous year; annual budget 
setting; and, a defined organisational structure with 
appropriate delegation of authority. The Board 
also receives a report from the external auditor on 
matters identified in the course of the statutory audit 
work.

In addition, a further Board Meeting is held during 
the year to consider and assess the risks facing the 
business and approve the steps and timetable senior 
management has established to mitigate those risks.

Employment of disabled persons
It is Company policy that people with disabilities 
should have the same consideration as others with 
respect to recruitment, retention and personal 
development. People with disabilities, depending 
on their skills and abilities, enjoy the same career 
prospects as other employees and the same scope 
for realising potential.

Employee involvement
The Company‘s policy is to consult and discuss with 
employees at staff meetings matters likely to affect 
employee interests. The Company is committed to 
a policy of recruitment and promotion on the basis 
of aptitude and ability irrespective of sex, race or 
religion. Group subsidiaries endeavour to provide 
equal opportunities in recruiting, training, promoting 
and developing the careers of all employees.

14   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

 
Directors’ Report (continued)

Substantial shareholdings
At 30 September 2016, excluding the Directors, the 
following were substantial shareholders:

Liontrust Asset Management  
Octopus Investments  
Investec Wealth and Investment  
Hargreave Hale  

% holding
13.0
7.1
4.6
4.0

Authority to allot
Under section 549 Companies Act 2006, the 
Directors are prevented, subject to certain 
exceptions, from allotting shares in the Company or 
from granting rights to subscribe for or to convert 
any security into shares in the Company without the 
authority of the shareholders in General meeting. 
An ordinary resolution will be proposed at the 
14 February 2017 Annual General Meeting which 
renews, for the period ending 14 May 2018, or if 
earlier the date of the 2018 Annual General Meeting, 
the authority previously granted to the Directors 
to allot shares, and to grant rights to subscribe for 
or convert any security into shares in the Company, 
up to an aggregate nominal value of £719,216, 
representing approximately one third of the share 
capital of the Company in issue at 6 December 2016.

The Directors have no immediate plans to make use 
of this authority except in respect of the issue of 
shares under the employee share option scheme. As 
at the date of this report the Company does not hold 
any Ordinary shares in the capital of the Company in 
treasury.

Statutory Pre-emption Rights
Under section 561 of the Companies Act 2006, 
when new shares are allotted, they must first be 
offered to existing shareholders pro rata to their 
holdings. A special resolution will be proposed at 
the 14 February 2017 Annual General Meeting which 
renews, for the period ending on 14 May 2018 or, if 
earlier, the date of the 2018 Annual General Meeting, 
the authorities previously granted to the Directors to:

(a) allot shares of the Company in connection 
with a rights issue or other pre-emptive offer; and 
(b) otherwise allot shares of the Company, or sell 
treasury shares for cash, up to an aggregate nominal 
value of £215,765 (representing in accordance with 
institutional investor guidelines, approximately 10% of 
the share capital in issue as at 6 December 2016) as 
if the pre-emption rights of section 561 of the Act did 
not apply. 

The Directors have no immediate plans to make use 
of these authorities. In addition, and in line with best 
practice, the Company has not issued more than 
7.5% of its issued share capital on a non-pro rata 
basis over the last four years.

Rule 9 of the city code
Under rule 9 of the city code, where any person 
acquires an interest in shares which carry 30 per 
cent or more of the voting rights, that person is 
normally required to make a general offer to all 
the remaining shareholders of the Company to 
acquire their shares. Subject to approval by the 
Panel on Takeovers and Mergers, an ordinary 
resolution will be proposed at the 14 February 
2017 Annual General Meeting which renews, for the 
period ending 14 May 2020, or if earlier the date 
of the 2020 Annual General Meeting the waiver of 
any requirement under rule 9 for Andrew Brode 
(Chairman) and any related parties to make a 
general offer to the shareholders of the Company as 
a result of any market purchase by the Company of 
its own shares.

Independent Auditors
All of the Directors have taken all the steps that they 
ought to have taken to make themselves aware of 
any information relevant to the audit and established 
that the auditors are aware of that information. As 
far as each of the Directors is aware, the auditors 
have been provided with all relevant information.

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (PwC) has expressed 
its willingness to continue in office and a resolution 
to reappoint them will be proposed at the 
14 February 2017 Annual General Meeting. 

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   15

 
Statement of Directors’ Responsibilities

The Directors are responsible for preparing the 
annual report and the financial statements in 
accordance with applicable law and regulations.

Company law requires the Directors to prepare 
financial statements for each financial year. Under 
that law the Directors have elected to prepare the 
Group financial statements in accordance with 
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRSs) as 
adopted by the European Union and the Company 
financial statements in accordance with FRS 101.

Under company law the Directors must not approve 
the financial statements unless they are satisfied that 
they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs 
of the Group and the Company and of the profit 
or loss of the Group for that period. The Directors 
are also required to prepare financial statements 
in accordance with the rules of the London Stock 
Exchange for companies trading securities on the 
Alternative Investment Market.

In preparing these financial statements, the Directors 
are required to:
–  select suitable accounting policies and then apply 

them consistently;

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate 
accounting records that are sufficient to show and 
explain the Company‘s transactions and disclose 
with reasonable accuracy at any time the financial 
position of the Company and enable them to 
ensure that the financial statements comply with 
the requirements of the Companies Act 2006. They 
are also responsible for safeguarding the assets of 
the Company and hence for taking reasonable steps 
for the prevention and detection of fraud and other 
irregularities.

Website publication
The Directors are responsible for ensuring the 
annual report and the financial statements are made 
available on a website. Financial statements are 
published on the Company‘s website in accordance 
with legislation in the United Kingdom governing 
the preparation and dissemination of financial 
statements, which may vary from legislation in other 
jurisdictions. The maintenance and integrity of 
the Company‘s website is the responsibility of the 
Directors. The Directors‘ responsibility also extends 
to the ongoing integrity of the financial statements 
contained therein.

–  make judgements and accounting estimates that 

On behalf of the Board

are reasonable and prudent;

–  state whether the Group financial statements 

have been prepared in accordance with IFRSs as 
adopted by the European Union and the Company 
financial statements have been prepared in 
accordance with FRS 101 subject to any material 
departures disclosed and explained in the financial 
statements;

–  prepare the financial statements on the going 

concern basis unless it is inappropriate to presume 
that the Company will continue in business.

Richard Thompson
Finance Director and Company Secretary
6 December 2016

16   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Directors’ Remuneration Report

Remuneration Committee
The members of the Remuneration Committee 
are David Shrimpton (committee Chairman), Peter 
Mountford, Elisabeth Lucas and Andrew Brode. 
With the exception of Andrew Brode the members 
are Non-Executive Directors. The Board believes 
that Andrew Brode‘s interests are closely aligned 
with those of all shareholders and therefore believe 
that he plays an important role as member of the 
Remuneration Committee.

The remit of the Committee is primarily to determine 
and agree with the Board the framework or broad 
policy for the remuneration of the Company‘s 
Executive Directors and, if required by the Board, the 
Senior Executives of the Group. The remuneration 
of Non-Executive Directors is a matter for the 
Board, excluding the Non-Executive Directors. 
The remuneration of the Chairman is a matter for 
the Remuneration Committee, excluding Andrew 
Brode. No Director or Senior Executive is involved 
in any discussion or decision about his or her own 
remuneration. The Remuneration Committee met 
once during the year.

The Board has confirmed that the Group‘s overall 
remuneration policy is designed to attract and retain 
the right people and provide appropriate incentives 
to encourage enhanced performance so as to create 
growth in shareholder value.

Individual elements of remuneration
For Executive Directors and Senior Executives the 
components contained in the total remuneration 
package are: base salary; performance related 
annual bonus, share options and other customary 
benefits such as; holidays and health benefits, 
sickness benefit and pension contributions. Neither 
the performance related annual bonus nor the share 
options apply to the Chairman.

Performance related bonuses are based on a 
combination of sales and/or adjusted profit before 
tax targets depending on an individual‘s area of 
responsibility.

For Non-Executive Directors there is only one 
component, a base fee.

Share Options
On 3 April 2013 the Board approved a share option 
scheme. The scheme was designed to incentivise 
Executive Directors and Executives and further align 
the interests of senior employees and shareholders. 
The Committee has responsibility for supervising the 
scheme and the grant of options under its terms.

Service contracts
The Non-Executive Directors do not have service 
contracts. Their appointments will continue unless 
and until terminated by either party giving not less 
than 30 days‘ notice.

The service contracts of the Chairman and the 
Executive Directors continue unless and until 
terminated by either party giving at least six months‘ 
notice.

The date of the Chairman‘s service contract is 
30 October 2003 and the service contracts of 
Reinhard Ottway and Richard Thompson are 
dated 20 December 2011 and 1 November 2012 
respectively. In the event of early termination, the 
Chairman‘s and the Executive Directors‘ service 
contracts provide for compensation up to a 
maximum of the total benefits which he or she 
would have received during the notice period.

Directors‘ emoluments and pension contributions
The aggregate remuneration, excluding pension 
contributions, paid or accrued for the Directors of 
the Company for service in all capacities during the 
year ended 30 September 2016 was £1,166,000 
(2015: £998,000). The remuneration of individual 
Directors and the pension contributions paid by the 
Group to their personal pension schemes during the 
year were as follows:

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   17

Directors’ Remuneration Report (continued)

Salary  
or
fees
£'000

263
332
285
45
35
35
995

Bonus
£'000

Taxable
benefits
£'000

 - 
70
100
-
-
-
170

 - 
1
-
-
-
-
1

2016

Total
£'000

263
403
385
45
35
35
1,166

2016
Pension
contribu-
tions
£'000

 - 
10
9
-
-
-
19

2015

Total
£'000

263
350
270
45
35
35
998

2015
Pension
contribu-
tions
£'000

 - 
10
7
-
-
-
17

Andrew Brode
Reinhard Ottway 
Richard Thompson 
Elisabeth Lucas
Peter Mountford
David Shrimpton

Directors‘ interests in shares 
The interests of the Directors as at 30 September 2016 (including the interests of their families and related 
trusts), all of which were beneficial, in the Ordinary shares were:

Andrew Brode
Elisabeth Lucas 
Reinhard Ottway
Peter Mountford
Richard Thompson

Ordinary shares of 1 pence

90,174,060
50,000
224,053
68,775
13,000
90,529,888

The interests of Directors at the year end in options to subscribe for Ordinary shares of the Company, together 
with details of any options granted during the year are included in the following table. All options were granted 
at market value at the date of grant.

18   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Directors’ Remuneration Report (continued)

Approved Share Option scheme

Number of shares under option

Reinhard Ottway
Richard Thompson

Unapproved  
Share Option scheme

At 1 
October 
2015

 23,215 
 23,215 

Issued in 
the year

Exercised 
in the year

At 30 
September 
2016

Exercise 
price 
Pence

First date 
exercis-
able

Last date 
exercis-
able

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

 23,215 
 23,215 

129.20 03/04/16 03/04/21
129.20 03/04/16 03/04/21

Number of shares under option

At 1 
October 
2015

Issued in 
the year

Exercised 
in the year

At 30 
September 
2016

Exercise 
price 
Pence

First date 
exercis-
able

Last date 
exercis-
able

Reinhard Ottway
Richard Thompson

2,515,745 
1,246,265 

 -  2,515,745 
 - 

 - 
 -  1,246,265 

129.20 03/04/15 03/04/21
129.20 03/04/15 03/04/21

During the year the following Directors exercised options: 

Date
exercised

Number

Market 
price
at date of
exercise
Pence

Gain
£'000

Reinhard Ottway

9 February 2016 2,515,745

180.00

1,278

The options granted under both schemes will be exercisable at the mid market price of 129.2p.

The market price of the Company‘s share as at 30th September 2016 and the highest and lowest market 
prices during the year are as follows:

30 September 2016
Highest Market Price
Lowest Market Price

250p
270p
135p

All participants in the share option scheme have indemnified the Company against any tax liability relating to 
the option including class 1 employers national insurance contribution.

Transactions with Directors
During the year there were no material transactions between the Company and the Directors, other than their 
emoluments.

On behalf of the Board

David Shrimpton
6 December 2016

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   19

Independent auditors’ report to the members of RWS Holdings plc

REPORT ON THE GROUP FINANCIAL  
STATEMENTS

Our opinion
In our opinion, RWS Holdings plc’s Group financial 
statements (the “financial statements”):
–  give a true and fair view of the state of the Group’s 

affairs as at 30 September 2016 and of its profit and 
cash flows for the year then ended;

–  have been properly prepared in accordance with 

International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRSs”) 
as adopted by the European Union; and

–  have been prepared in accordance with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

What we have audited
The financial statements, included within the Annual 
Report (the “Annual Report”), comprise:
–  the Consolidated Statement of Financial Position as 

at 30 September 2016;

–  the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive 

Income for the year then ended;

–  the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the 

year then ended;

–  the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for 

the year then ended; and

–  the notes to the financial statements, which include 
a summary of significant accounting policies and 
other explanatory information.

Certain required disclosures have been presented 
elsewhere in the Annual Report, rather than in the 
notes to the financial statements. These are cross-
referenced from the financial statements and are 
identified as audited.

The financial reporting framework that has been 
applied in the preparation of the financial statements 
is IFRSs as adopted by the European Union, and 
applicable law.

In applying the financial reporting framework, 
the Directors have made a number of subjective 
judgements, for example in respect of significant 
accounting estimates. In making such estimates, 
they have made assumptions and considered future 
events.

Opinion on other matter prescribed  
by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, the information given in the Strategic 
Report and the Directors’ Report for the financial year 
for which the financial statements are prepared is 
consistent with the financial statements.

Other matters on which we are required  
to report by exception
Adequacy of information and explanations 
received
Under the Companies Act 2006 we are required to 
report to you if, in our opinion, we have not received 
all the information and explanations we require for 
our audit. We have no exceptions to report arising 
from this responsibility. 

Directors’ remuneration
Under the Companies Act 2006 we are required to 
report to you if, in our opinion, certain disclosures 
of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not 
made. We have no exceptions to report arising from 
this responsibility. 

Responsibilities for the financial statements  
and the audit
Our responsibilities and those of the Directors
As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors’ 
Responsibilities set out on page 16, the Directors 
are responsible for the preparation of the financial 
statements and for being satisfied that they give a 
true and fair view.

Our responsibility is to audit and express an opinion 
on the financial statements in accordance with 
applicable law and International Standards on 
Auditing (UK and Ireland) (“ISAs (UK & Ireland)”). Those 
standards require us to comply with the Auditing 
Practices Board’s Ethical Standards for Auditors.

This report, including the opinions, has been prepared 
for and only for the Parent Company’s members as a 
body in accordance with Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the 
Companies Act 2006 and for no other purpose. We 
do not, in giving these opinions, accept or assume 
responsibility for any other purpose or to any other 
person to whom this report is shown or into whose 
hands it may come save where expressly agreed by 
our prior consent in writing.

20   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Independent auditors’ report to the members of RWS Holdings plc (continued)

What an audit of financial statements involves
We conducted our audit in accordance with ISAs 
(UK & Ireland). An audit involves obtaining evidence 
about the amounts and disclosures in the financial 
statements sufficient to give reasonable assurance 
that the financial statements are free from material 
misstatement, whether caused by fraud or error. This 
includes an assessment of: 
–  whether the accounting policies are appropriate 
to the Group’s circumstances and have been 
consistently applied and adequately disclosed; 

–  the reasonableness of significant accounting 

estimates made by the Directors; and 

–  the overall presentation of the financial statements. 

We primarily focus our work in these areas by 
assessing the Directors’ judgements against available 
evidence, forming our own judgements, and 
evaluating the disclosures in the financial statements.

We test and examine information, using sampling and 
other auditing techniques, to the extent we consider 
necessary to provide a reasonable basis for us to 
draw conclusions. We obtain audit evidence through 
testing the effectiveness of controls, substantive 
procedures or a combination of both. 

In addition, we read all the financial and non-
financial information in the Annual Report to identify 
material inconsistencies with the audited financial 
statements and to identify any information that is 
apparently materially incorrect based on, or materially 
inconsistent with, the knowledge acquired by us in 
the course of performing the audit. If we become 
aware of any apparent material misstatements or 
inconsistencies we consider the implications for our 
report.

Other matter
We have reported separately on the Parent Company 
financial statements of RWS Holdings plc for the year 
ended 30 September 2016.

Nigel Reynolds (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditors
London
6 December 2016

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   21

Financial Statements

Financial Statements

Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for the year ended 30 September

Revenue
Cost of sales
Gross profit
Administrative expenses
Operating profit
Analysed as:
Operating profit before charging:
Amortization of acquired intangibles
Acquisition costs
Share based payment costs
Operating profit
Finance income
Finance costs
Profit before tax
Taxation expense
Profit for the year
Other comprehensive income*
Gain on retranslation of foreign operations 
Total other comprehensive income
Total comprehensive income attributable to:
Owners of the parent

Basic earnings per Ordinary share (pence per share)
Diluted earnings per Ordinary share (pence per share)

Note

3

4

11

20

6
6

7

9
9

2016
£’000

121,986
(69,792)
52,194
(25,671)
26,523

32,023
(4.639)
(855)
(6)
26,523
16
(1,448)
25,091
(5,758)
19,333

8,479
8,479

2015
£’000

95,215
(57,706)
37,509
(16,677)
20,832

22,894
(1,607)
 - 
(455)
20,832
71
(251)
20,652
(5,124)
15,528

1,069
1,069

27,812

16,597

9.0
9.0

7.3
7.3

* Other comprehensive income includes only items that will be subsequently reclassified to Profit before tax 

when specific conditions are met.

The notes on pages 28 to 53 form part of these financial statements.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   23

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position at 30 September

Registered Company 3002645

Assets
Non-current assets
Goodwill
Intangible assets
Property, plant and equipment
Deferred tax assets

Current assets
Trade and other receivables
Foreign exchange derivatives
Cash and cash equivalents

Total assets
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Loans
Trade and other payables
Foreign exchange derivatives
Income tax payable
Provisions

Non-current liabilities
Loans
Other payables
Provisions
Deferred tax liabilities

Total liabilities
Total net assets

Equity
Capital and reserves attributable to owners of the parent
Share capital
Share premium 
Share based payment reserve
Reverse acquisition reserve
Foreign currency reserve
Retained earnings
Total equity

The notes on pages 28 to 53 form part of these financial statements.

Note

2016
£’000

2015
£’000

10
11
12
13

14
18
21

3

15
16
18

17

15
16
17
13

3

19

61,518
28,421
17,630
1,875
109,444

28,173
 - 
27,910
56,083
165,527

6,923
20,207
681
4,702
79
32,592

22,500
30
379
1,326
24,235
56,827
108,700

2,157
8,947
875
(8,483)
10,117
95,087
108,700

31,445
6,836
17,732
340
56,353

17,907
309
30,569
48,785
105,138

 - 
14,797
 - 
2,417
77
17,291

 - 
30
301
1,826
2,157
19,448
85,690

2,116
3,583
1,801
(8,483)
1,638
85,035
85,690

The financial statements on pages 23 to 53 were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue 
on 6 December 2016 and were signed on its behalf by:

Andrew Brode
Director

24   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the year ended 30 September

Share
capital
£’000

Share
premium
account
£’000

Other
reserves
(see below)
£’000

Retained
earnings
£’000

Total  
equity
attribut-
able  
to owners  
of the
parent
£’000

At 1 October 2014

2,116

3,583 

 (6,568)

 79,303 

78,434

Profit for the year
Currency translation differences

Total Comprehensive income for 
the year ended 30 September 2015
Dividends
Credit arising on share based payments
At 30 September 2015

Profit for the year
Currency translation differences

Total Comprehensive income for 
the year ended 30 September 2016
Issue of shares
Deferred tax on unexercised share options
Dividends
Exercise of share options
Credit arising on share based payments
At 30 September 2016

Other reserves

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 
 1,069 

15,528 
 - 

15,528
1,069

1,069 

15,528 

16,597

 - 
 - 
 2,116 

 - 
 - 
 3,583 

 - 
 455 
 (5,044)

 (9,796)
 - 
 85,035 

 (9,796)
 455 
85,690

 - 
 - 

 - 

 41 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 2,157 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 5,364 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 8,947 

Share
based  
payment
reserve
£’000

 - 
 8,479 

 19,333 
 - 

19,333
8,479

 8,479 

 19,333 

27,812

 - 
 - 
 - 
 (932)
 6 
 2,509 

 - 
 414 
(10,627)
932 
 - 
95,087 

5,405
414
(10,627)
 - 
6
108,700

Reverse
acquisition
reserve
£’000

Foreign
currency
reserve
£’000

Total
other
reserves
£’000

At 1 October 2014

 1,346 

(8,483)

569

(6,568)

Other Comprehensive gain for the year 

 - 

 - 

1,069

1,069

Credit arising on share based payments
At 30 September 2015

 455 
 1,801 

 - 
(8,483)

 - 
1,638

455
(5,044)

Other Comprehensive gain for the year 

 - 

 - 

8,479

 8,479 

Exercise of share options
Credit arising on share based payments
At 30 September 2016

(932)
 6 
 875 

 - 
 - 
(8,483)

 - 
 - 
 10,117 

 (932)
 6 
2,509

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   25

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the year ended 30 September (continued)

The nature and purpose of each reserve within equity is as follows:

–  Share capital is the nominal value of the shares issued.
– Share premium is the fair value of the shares issued in excess of their nominal value.
–  Share based payment reserve is the credit arising on the share based payment charges in relation to the 

Company’s share option schemes.

–  Foreign currency reserve is the cumulative gain or loss arising on retranslating the net assets of overseas 

operations into sterling except where the Group applies a net investment hedge.

–  Reverse acquisition reserve was created when RWS Holdings plc became the legal parent of Bybrook Limited. 

The substance of this combination was that Bybrook Limited acquired RWS Holdings plc.

–  Retained earnings are the cumulative net gains and losses, including the capital reserve from the Company 

balance sheet.

The notes on pages 28 to 53 form part of these financial statements.

26   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the year ended 30 September

Cash flows from operating activities
Profit before tax
Adjustments for:
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
Amortization of intangible assets
Share based payment costs
Finance income
Finance expense
Operating cash flow before movements 
in working capital and provisions
Increase in trade and other receivables
Increase in trade and other payables and provisions
Cash generated from operations
Income tax paid
Net cash inflow from operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities
Interest paid
Interest received
Acquisition of subsidiary, net of cash acquired
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchases of intangibles (computer software)
Net cash outflow from investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities
Proceeds from borrowing
Repayment of borrowing
Proceeds from the issue of share capital
Dividends paid 
Net cash inflow/(outflow) from financing activities
Net (decrease)/increase in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of the year
Exchange gains/(losses) on cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at end of the year

Free cash flow
Analysis of free cash flow
Net cash generated from operations
Net interest (paid)/received
Income tax paid
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Purchases of intangibles (computer software)
Free cash flow

Note

2016
£’000

2015
£’000

 25,091

 20,652

12
11

6
6

22
12
11

8

21

941
4,719
6
(16)
 1,448 

32,189
(4,249)
1,652
29,592
(5,196)
24,396

(369)
16
(47,068)
(731)
(169)
(48,321)

 29,485 
(4,874)
 5,405 
(10,627)
19,389
(4,536)
30,569
1,877
27,910

29,592
(353)
(5,196)
(731)
(169)
23,143

824
1,663
455
(71)
 251 

23,774
(1,529)
2,037
24,282
(5,091)
19,191

 - 
76
 - 
(1,258)
(33)
(1,215)

 - 
 - 
 - 
(9,796)
(9,796)
8,180
22,479
(90)
30,569

24,282
76
(5,091)
(1,258)
(33)
17,976

The Directors consider that the free cash flow analysis above indicates the cash generated from normal 
activities excluding acquisitions, dividends paid and the proceeds from the issue of share capital.

The notes on pages 28 to 53 form part of these financial statements.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   27

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

1 Accounting policies

Basis of accounting and preparation  
of financial statements
RWS Holdings plc is a public limited company 
incorporated and domiciled in England and Wales 
whose shares are publicly traded on the Alternative 
Investment Market of the London Stock Exchange.

The Group financial statements consolidate those of 
the Parent Company and its subsidiaries. The Parent 
Company financial statements present information 
about the Company as a separate entity and not 
about its Group.

The consolidated financial statements have been 
prepared in accordance with International Financial 
Reporting Standards (IFRS) as adopted by the EU, 
IFRIC interpretations and Companies Act 2006 
applicable to Companies reporting under IFRS.

The consolidated financial statements have been 
prepared under the historical cost convention as 
modified, where applicable, by the revaluation of 
financial assets and financial liabilities at fair value 
through the income statement.

The principal accounting policies adopted in 
the preparation of the consolidated financial 
statements are set out below. The policies have been 
consistently applied to both years presented, unless 
otherwise stated.

The Company has elected to prepare the Company 
financial statements in accordance with FRS 101. 
These are presented on pages 56 to 64 and 
the accounting policies in respect of Company 
information are set out on page 58.

Changes in accounting policies
The impact on the Group’s financial statements of 
the future adoption of new standard interpretations 
and amendments is still under review.The only 
relevant amendments to the Group are IFRS 15 
‘Revenue from contracts with customers’ and IFRS 16 
‘Leases’, neither of which is likely to have a material 
effect on the results or net assets of the Group.

There were no other new IFRSs or IFRIC 
interpretations that are not yet effective that would 
be expected to have a material impact on the Group.

28   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

The preparation of the financial statements in 
conformity with generally accepted accounting 
principles requires management to make estimates 
and judgements that affect the reported amounts 
of assets and liabilities at the date of the financial 
statements and the reported amounts of revenues 
and expenses during the reported period. Actual 
results could differ from these estimates.

Consolidation
A subsidiary is an entity controlled, directly or 
indirectly. Control is regarded as the power to 
govern the financial and operating policies of the 
entity so as to benefit from its activities. The financial 
results of subsidiaries are consolidated from the 
date control is obtained until the date that control 
ceases. All intra-group transactions are eliminated as 
part of the consolidation process.

Business combinations
Under the requirements of IFRS 3 (revised), all 
business combinations are accounted for using 
the acquisition method (‘acquisition accounting’). 
The cost of a business acquisition is the aggregate 
of fair values, at the date of exchange, of assets 
given, liabilities incurred or assumed, and equity 
instruments issued by the acquirer. Following 
IFRS 3 (revised) becoming effective, costs directly 
attributable to business combinations are expensed, 
where previously they were treated as part of 
the cost of the acquisition. The cost of a business 
combination is allocated at the acquisition date 
by recognising the acquiree’s identifiable assets, 
liabilities and contingent liabilities that satisfy the 
recognition criteria, at their fair values at that 
date. The acquisition date is the date on which 
the acquirer effectively obtains control of the 
acquiree. An intangible asset, such as customer 
relationships or a trademark, is recognised if it 
meets the definition of an intangible asset under IAS 
38 ‘Intangible assets’. The excess of the cost of the 
acquisition over the fair value of the Group’s share of 
the net assets acquired is recorded as goodwill.

Goodwill and other intangible assets
Intangible assets are stated at historical purchase 
cost less accumulated amortization.

Goodwill arising on acquisitions is capitalised and 
subject to an impairment review, both annually and 
when there is an indication that the carrying value 
may not be recoverable. At the date of acquisition, 

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

goodwill is allocated at the lowest levels for which 
there are separate identifiable cash flows for the 
purpose of impairment testing. Assets, excluding 
goodwill, which have suffered an impairment are 
reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at 
each reporting date.

Intangible assets separately identified from goodwill 
acquired as part of a business combination are 
initially stated at fair value. The fair value attributable 
is determined by discounting the expected future 
cash flows to be generated from that asset at the 
risk adjusted weighted average cost of capital 
appropriate to that intangible asset. The assets are 
amortized over their estimated useful lives which 
range from one to ten years.

Acquired computer software licences are capitalised 
on the basis of the costs incurred to acquire and 
bring to use the specific software. These assets are 
amortized using the straight line method over their 
estimated useful lives (not exceeding three years).

Revenue recognition
Group revenue represents the fair value of the 
consideration received or receivable for the 
rendering of services, net of value added tax and 
other similar sales based taxes, rebates, discounts 
and 3rd party licences and after eliminating inter-
company sales. Revenue, other than subscription, 
commission and linguistic validation project income, 
is recognised as a translation, filing or search is 
fulfilled in accordance with agreed client instructions 
and includes, where contracts are partially 
completed, the revenue on the element of the work 
performed to date.

Subscription revenue is recognised on a straight 
line basis over the term during which the service 
is provided. Commission income is credited to 
revenue upon securing the related sale. Revenue 
from linguistic validation projects is recognised partly 
on completion of the translation work (50%) with 
the remainder recognised upon completion of the 
project.

Accrued income represents the full receivable value 
of work performed to date.

Foreign currencies
The individual financial statements of each Group 
company are presented in the currency of the 

primary economic environment in which it operates 
(its functional currency). For the purpose of the 
consolidated financial statements, the results and 
financial position of each Group company are 
expressed in pounds sterling, which is the functional 
currency of the Company, and the presentation 
currency for the consolidated financial statements.

In preparing the individual financial statements of 
the individual companies, transactions in currencies 
other than the entity’s functional currency (foreign 
currencies) are recorded at the rates of exchange 
prevailing on the dates of the transactions. At each 
reporting date, monetary assets and liabilities 
that are denominated in foreign currencies are 
retranslated at the rates prevailing on the reporting 
date. Non-monetary items that are measured in 
terms of historical cost in foreign currency are not 
retranslated.

Exchange differences on all transactions are taken 
to operating profit in the Consolidated Statement of 
Comprehensive Income.

In the consolidated financial statements, the assets 
and liabilities of the Group’s foreign operations 
are translated at exchange rates prevailing on the 
reporting date, except when deferred in Other 
Comprehensive Income as qualifying as a net 
investment hedge. Income and expense items are 
translated at the average exchange rates, which 
approximate to actual rates, for the relevant 
accounting period. Exchange differences arising, if any, 
are classified as other comprehensive income and 
recognised in the Group’s foreign currency reserve.

Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the 
acquisition of a foreign entity are treated as assets 
and liabilities of the foreign entity and translated 
at the closing rate. The Group has elected to treat 
goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on 
acquisitions before the date of transition to IFRSs as 
sterling-denominated assets and liabilities.

Segment information
Segment information reflects how management 
controls the business. This is primarily by the type of 
service supplied and then by the geographic location 
of the business units delivering those services. The 
assets and liabilities of the segments reflect the 
assets and liabilities of the underlying companies 
involved.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   29

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

Property, plant and equipment
Property, plant and equipment are stated at 
historical purchase cost less accumulated 
depreciation where cost includes the original 
purchase price of the asset and the costs 
attributable to bring the asset to its working 
condition for intended use. The Group’s policy 
is to write off the difference between the cost of 
each item of property, plant and equipment and 
its estimated residual value systematically over its 
estimated useful life using the straight-line method 
on the following bases:

Freehold land and buildings – Nil to 2%
Long leasehold and leasehold improvements –  
the length of the lease
Furniture and equipment – 10% to 33%
Motor vehicles – 16.67%

All items of property, plant and equipment are 
tested for impairment when there are indications 
that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Any 
impairment losses are recognised immediately 
in the Statement of Comprehensive Income. Any 
assets which have suffered an impairment are 
reviewed for possible reversal of the impairment at 
each reporting date. The gain or loss on disposal 
or retirement of an asset is determined as the 
difference between the sales proceeds and the 
carrying amount of the asset and is recognised in the 
Statement of Comprehensive Income.

Derivative financial instruments and hedging
The Group uses derivative financial instruments to 
manage its exposure to foreign exchange arising 
from operational activities.

Derivative financial instruments are initially 
measured at fair value (with direct transaction costs 
being included in the Statement of Comprehensive 
Income as an expense) and are subsequently 
remeasured to fair value at each reporting date. 
Changes in carrying value are recognised in the 
Statement of Comprehensive Income.

The Group hedges the net investment in certain 
foreign operations by borrowing in the currency of 
the operations’ net assets. Any gain or loss on the 
hedging instrument relating to the effective portion 
of the hedge is recognised in Other Comprehensive 
Income.

30   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Gains and losses accumulated in equity are included 
in the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive 
Income when the foreign operation is partially 
disposed of or sold.

Trade and other receivables
Trade and other receivables represent amounts due 
from customers in the normal course of business. 
All amounts are initially stated at fair value and are 
subsequently measured at amortized cost, using the 
effective interest rate method.

Cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand, 
deposits held at call with banks and highly liquid 
investments with original maturities of three months 
or less.

Taxation
The tax expense represents the sum of the tax 
currently payable and deferred tax. Tax is recognised 
in the Statement of Comprehensive Income except 
to the extent that it relates to items recognised 
directly in equity, in which case it is recognised in 
equity.

The current tax payable is based on taxable profit for 
the year. Taxable profit differs from profit as reported 
in the Statement of Comprehensive Income because 
it excludes items that are not taxable or deductible. 
The Group’s current tax assets and liabilities are 
calculated using tax rates that have been enacted or 
substantively enacted by the reporting date.

Deferred tax is the tax expected to be payable or 
recoverable on differences between the carrying 
amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial 
statements and the corresponding tax bases used in 
the computation of taxable profit, and is accounted 
for using the balance sheet liability method. Deferred 
tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable 
temporary differences and deferred tax assets 
are recognised to the extent that it is probable 
that taxable profits will be available against which 
deductible temporary differences can be utilised. 
Deferred tax is calculated using tax rates that are 
expected to apply in the period when the liability is 
settled or the asset realised based on tax rates that 
have been enacted or substantively enacted at the 
reporting date.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when 
there is a legally enforceable right to offset current 
tax assets and liabilities and when they relate to 
income taxes levied by the same taxation authority 
and the Group intends to settle its current tax assets 
and liabilities on a net basis.

Employee benefits
The Group operates a defined contribution pension 
plan and has no further obligations once the 
contributions have been paid. Payments to the plan 
are recognised in the Statement of Comprehensive 
Income as they fall due.

Paid holidays are regarded as an employee benefit 
and as such are charged to the Statement of 
Comprehensive Income as the benefits are earned. 
An accrual is made at the balance sheet date to 
reflect the fair value of holidays earned but not yet 
taken.

Trade and other payables
Trade and other payables are initially measured 
at fair value, and are subsequently measured at 
amortized cost, using the effective
interest rate method.

Provisions
Provisions are recognised when the Group has a 
present legal or constructive obligation as a result 
of a past event from which it is probable that it will 
result in an outflow of economic benefits that can 
reasonably be estimated.

Leases
Leases where the lessor retains substantially all 
the risks and benefits of ownership of the asset 
are classified as operating leases. Operating lease 
rental payments are recognised as an expense in the 
Statement of Comprehensive Income on a straight-
line basis over the lease term. The benefit of lease 
incentives is spread over the term of the lease.

Capital
The Group considers its capital to comprise its 
ordinary share capital, share premium, other 
reserves and accumulated retained earnings. In 
managing its capital, the Group’s primary objective is 
to ensure its continued ability to provide a consistent 
return for its equity shareholders through a 
combination of capital growth and distributions. The 
Group has historically considered equity funding as 

the most appropriate form of capital for the Group 
but debt financing has been introduced where it 
was felt that the benefits exceed the risks and costs 
to equity shareholders of introducing this type of 
finance. 

Equity issued by the Company is recorded as the 
proceeds received net of direct issue costs.

Loans
Borrowings are recognised initially at fair value less 
attributable transaction costs. Subsequent to initial 
recognition, interest bearing borrowings are stated 
at amortised cost with any difference between 
cost and redemption value being recognised in the 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 
over the period of the borrowings on an effective 
interest basis.

Share based payments
The Group and Company provide benefits to certain 
employees (including certain Executive Directors), 
in the form of share based payment transactions 
whereby employees render services in exchange 
for rights over shares in the form of share options. 
These equity settled share based transactions are 
measured as the fair value of the share option at 
the grant date. Details regarding the determination 
of the fair value of these options can be seen in 
note 20.

The fair value determined at the grant date of the 
share options is expensed on a straight line basis 
over the vesting period, based on the Group’s 
estimate of the number of share options that will 
vest. At each balance sheet date the Group revises 
its estimate of the number of options expected to 
vest as a result of the effect on non market based 
vesting conditions. The impact of the revision of 
the original estimates, if any, is recognised in the 
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 
such that the cumulative expense reflects the 
revised estimate with a corresponding adjustment to 
equity reserves.

Dividends
Dividend distribution to the Company’s shareholders 
is recognised as a liability in the Group’s financial 
statements in the period in which dividends are 
approved by the Company’s shareholders, or in the 
case of interim dividends, when they are paid.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   31

Useful economic lives of intangible  
and tangible assets
The useful economic lives and residual values 
of assets have been established using historic 
experience and an assessment of the nature of the 
assets involved.

Accruals
Costs which have not been invoiced to the Group are 
estimated and recorded as accruals. Judgement is 
required where the amount of the cost is not known 
and this may differ from the actual cost.

Provisions
Provisions are assessed annually in accordance 
with the Group’s accounting policy. Provisions are 
recognised when it is probable that an outflow of 
economic benefits will occur as a result of a past 
event or transaction and a reliable estimate of the 
outflow can be made. In the event that estimates are 
wrong, this may impact the financial statements in 
future periods.

Allowance for doubtful debts
Provision is made for receivables where amounts 
may be considered to be irrecoverable. In the event 
that this estimate is wrong , this may impact the 
financial statements in future periods.

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

2  Critical judgements and accounting estimates 
in applying the Group’s accounting policies

The Group makes certain estimates and assumptions 
regarding the future. Estimates and judgements 
are evaluated based on historical experience and 
other factors, including expectations of future 
events that are believed to be reasonable under the 
circumstances. The estimates and assumptions are 
reviewed on an ongoing basis. In the future, actual 
experience may vary materially from management 
expectation.

Key sources of estimation uncertainty
The following estimates and assumptions are 
considered to have a risk of causing a material 
adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and 
liabilities in the financial statements.

Impairment of goodwill and intangible assets
Determining whether goodwill and intangible assets 
are impaired requires an estimation of the value in 
use of the cash-generating units to which goodwill 
and intangible assets have been allocated. The value 
in use calculation requires the Group to estimate 
the future cash flows expected to arise from the 
cash-generating units and the estimated future 
cash flows are discounted to their present value 
using a pre-tax discount rate that reflects current 
market assessments of the time value of money 
and the risks specific to the cash-generating unit. 
More details on the carrying value of goodwill and 
intangible assets is included in notes 10 and 11.

Acquisition accounting
The Group acquired Corporate Translations Inc 
on 30 October 2015 for £47.1m consideration. 
Accounting for the acquisition required a fair value 
exercise to assess the assets and liabilities acquired, 
including any separately identifiable intangible 
assets, both of which can be a particularly subjective 
process.

Share based payments
The Group operates a share based payment scheme. 
The charge for share based payments is based on 
the fair value of awards at the date of grant which 
is partly calculated by use of the Black-Scholes 
pricing model which requires judgement to be made 
regarding volatility, dividend yield, risk free rates of 
return and expected option lives. The inputs used in 
these pricing models to calculate the fair values are 
set out in note 20.

32   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

3 Segment information

The chief operating decision maker has been identified as the Board. The Board reviews the Group’s internal 
reporting in order to assess performance and allocate resources, and has divided the Group into reportable 
segments. The Board assesses the performance of the segments based on revenue and profit/(loss) from 
operations. These are measured on a basis consistent with the income statement.

Reporting segments have been reclassified from prior years, and the comparatives have been restated in 
order to be more representative of the Group’s current internal reporting. Following the successful integration 
of the inovia web-based filing business into the patent translation business and the acquisition of Corporate 
Translations Inc the Board monitors and manages the Group in four reportable segments and assesses these 
segments based on revenue and profit/(loss) from operations. The four segments are:
–  Patent translation division providing patent and technical document translation and filing services with offices 

in the UK, USA, Europe, Japan and China.

–  Life science division providing technical translations and linguistic validation to the medical and 

pharmaceutical sector. This division includes the newly acquired Corporate Translations Inc plus the medical 
translation and Pharmaquest linguistic validation businesses both previously included within the Commercial 
segment.

–  Commercial division providing non patent technical translation and localisation services.
–  Information division which offers a full range of patent search, retrieval and monitoring services as well as an 

extremely comprehensive patent database service accessible by subscribers, known as PatBase.

The unallocated segment relates to corporate overheads, assets and liabilities.

The segment results for the year ended 30 September 2016 are as follows:

Patent and
Commer-
cial
UK
£’000

Patent and
Commer-
cial
Overseas
£’000

Life
Sciences
£’000

Informa-
tion
£’000

Unallo-
cated
£’000

Group
£’000

Revenue
Patent translation
Commercial translation
Life sciences
Information
Revenue
Operating profit/(loss) before charging: 
Amortization of acquired intangibles
Acquisition costs
Share based payment charges
Profit/(loss) from operations
Finance income 
Finance expense
Profit before taxation
Taxation 
Profit for the year

74,704
6,277
 - 
 - 
80,981
20,325
(981)
 - 
(3)
19,341

4,655
5,578
 - 
 - 
10,233
2,604
(334)
 - 
 - 
2,270

 - 
 - 
 24,416 
- 
24,416
6,170
(3,181)
 - 
 - 
2,989

 - 
 - 
 - 
6,356
6,356
3,598
(143)
 - 
 - 
3,455

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
(674)
 - 
(855)
(3)
(1,532)

79,359
11,855
24,416
6,356
121,986
32,023
(4,639)
(855)
(6)
26,523
16
(1,448)
25,091
(5,758)
19,333

Overseas intercompany revenues to the UK amounting to £6.1 million have been eliminated on consolidation.
The segment results for the year ended 30 September 2015 are as follows:

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   33

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

Patent and
Commer-
cial
UK
£’000

Patent and
Commer-
cial
Overseas
£’000

Life
Sciences
£’000

Informa-
tion
£’000

Unallo-
cated
£’000

Group
£’000

Revenue
Patent translation
Commercial translation
Life sciences
Information
Revenue
Operating profit/(loss) before charging: 
Amortization of acquired intangibles
Share based payment charges
Profit/(loss) from operations
Finance income 
Finance expense
Profit before taxation
Taxation 
Profit for the year

69,334
6,079
 - 
 - 
75,413
17,490
(903)
(140)
16,447

4,013
5,578
 - 
 - 
9,591
2,099
(316)
(59)
1,724

 - 
 - 
4,204
 - 
4,204
893
(245)
(23)
625

 - 
 - 
 - 
6,007
6,007
3,114
(143)
 - 
2,971

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
(702)
 - 
(233)
(935)

73,347
11,657
4,204
6,007
95,215
22,894
(1,607)
(455)
20,832
71
(251)
20,652
(5,124)
15,528

Overseas intercompany revenues to the UK amounting to £5.2 million have been eliminated on consolidation.

The segment assets and liabilities at 30 September 2016 are as follows:

Patent and
Commer-
cial
UK
£’000

Patent and
Commer-
cial
Overseas
£’000

Life
Sciences
£’000

Informa-
tion
£’000

Unallo-
cated
£’000

Group
£’000

73,083
12,584

12,790
2,831

69,622
37,135

6,116
2,432

3,916
1,845

165,527
56,827

248
389
981

200
108
376

132
34
3,184

132
236
143

238
174
35

950
941
4,719

Total assets
Total liabilities

Capital expenditure
Depreciation 
Amortization

34   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

The segment assets and liabilities at 30 September 2015 are as follows:

Patent and
Commer-
cial
UK
£’000

Patent and
Commer-
cial
Overseas
£’000

Life
Sciences
£’000

Informa-
tion
£’000

Unallo-
cated
£’000

Group
£’000

72,943
11,415

11,039
2,427

7,369
756

6,024
2,585

7,763
2,265

105,138
19,448

230
338
903

118
105
372

13
18
245

507
193
143

390
170
 - 

1,258
824
1,663

Total assets
Total liabilities

Capital expenditure
Depreciation 
Amortization

Capital expenditure comprises additions to property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, including 
additions from acquisitions through business combinations.

Segment assets and liabilities are reconciled to the Group’s assets and liabilities as follows:

Segment assets and liabilities
Unallocated:
Deferred tax
Property, plant and equipment
Non-financial assets
Other financial assets and liabilities
Total unallocated

Assets
2016
£’000

Liabilities
2016
£’000

Assets
2015
£’000

Liabilities
2015
£’000

 161,611 

 54,982 

 97,375 

 17,183 

644
250
376
2,646
3,916

 - 
 - 
1,386
459
1,845

196
322
244
7,001
7,763

1,368
 - 
522
375
2,265

165,527

56,827

105,138

19,448

Assets allocated to a segment consist primarily of operating assets such as property, plant and equipment, 
intangible assets, goodwill, receivables and cash.

Liabilities allocated to a segment comprise primarily bank loans, trade payables and other operating liabilities.

The Group’s operations are based in the UK, Continental Europe, Asia, United States of America and Australia. 
The table below shows turnover by the geographic market in which customers are located.

UK
Continental Europe
Asia, United States of America and Australia

2016
£’000

2015
£’000

15,510
62,751
43,725
121,986

17,637
45,308
32,270
95,215

No customer accounted for more than 5% of Group turnover in the current year (prior year 7%).

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   35

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

The following is an analysis of revenue, carrying amount of assets, and additions to property, plant and 
equipment and intangible assets, analysed by the geographical area in which the Group’s undertakings are 
located.

            Revenue

             Segment assets

        Capital expenditure

2016
£’000

2015
£’000
*restated

2016
£’000

2015
£’000
*restated

2016
£’000

2015
£’000
*restated

UK 
Continental Europe
Asia, United States of America  
and Australia

90,541
5,579

80,993
5,578

87,559
7,999

98,862
3,100

25,866
121,986

8,644
95,215

69,969
165,527

3,176
105,138

618
44

288
950

1,140
74

44
1,258

*  The 2015 figures have been restated to include the inovia figures within the UK segment. These had 

previously been considered part of the Asia, United States of America and Australia segment.

4 Profit from operations

This has been arrived at after charging/(crediting):
Staff costs (note 5)
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment and motor vehicles (note 12)
Amortization of intangible assets (note 11)
Foreign exchange gains
Operating lease rentals:
– Property
– Plant and equipment

Auditors’ remuneration
Fees payable to the Company’s auditors for the audit  
of the Group’s annual accounts
– The audit of subsidiaries of the Company 
– Taxation Compliance services
– Taxation Advisory services
– Audit related assurance services
Total fees

2016
£’000

2015
£’000

33,654
941
4,719
(1,756)

1,086
77

54
136
115
182
208
695

25,870
824
1,663
(1,305)

623
121

54
95
78
 - 
 - 
227

36   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

5 Staff costs

Staff costs (including Directors) comprise:
Wages and salaries
Social security costs
Other pension costs
Share based payment expense (note 20)

2016
£’000

2015
£’000

28,980
3,576
1,092
6
33,654

22,192
2,731
492
455
25,870

The Group operates a defined contribution pension scheme making payments on behalf of employees to 
their personal pension plans. Payments of £1,092,000 (2015: £492,000) were made in the year and charged to 
the income statement in the period they fell due. At the year end there were unpaid amounts included within 
Other payables totalling £53,000 (2015: £54,000).

Details of Directors’ remuneration and pension contributions are disclosed in the Directors’ Remuneration 
Report on pages 17 to 19.

Key management compensation

Short term employee benefits
Post employment benefits
Share based payments

2016
£’000

3,077
104
6
3,187

2015
£’000

2,645
45
455
3,145

The key management compensation includes the six (2015: six) Directors of RWS Holdings plc, the five (2015: 
five) members of the Senior Executive Team who are not Directors of RWS Holdings plc the four (2015: four) 
Managing Directors of the operating subsidiary undertakings based overseas and the two (2015: nil) former 
owners of CTi who were employed by the Group during the year.

The monthly average number of people employed by the Group, including Directors and part-time employees, 
during the year was:

Production staff
Administrative staff

2016
Number

2015
Number

629
159
788

477
135
612

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   37

 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

6 Finance income and expense

Finance income
– Returns on short-term deposits 

Finance expense
– Bank interest payable
– Movement in the fair value of foreign currency contracts 

Net finance income

7 Taxation

Taxation recognised in the income statement is as follows:
Current tax expense
Tax on profit for the current year
– UK
– Overseas
Adjustments in respect of prior years

Deferred tax
Current year movement
Adjustments in respect of prior years
Total tax expense 

The table below reconciles the UK statutory tax charge to the Group’s total tax charge.

Profit before taxation
Notional tax charge at UK corporation tax rate of 20.0% (2015: 20.5%)
Effects of:
Items not deductible or not chargeable for tax purposes
Differences in overseas tax rates
Adjustments in respect of prior years
Total tax expense for the year

2016
£’000

2015
£’000

16

71

(458)
(990)
(1,448)

(1,432)

(6)
(245)
(251)

(180)

2016
£’000

2015
£’000

4,171
3,325
(32)
7,464

(1,624)
(82)
5,758

2016
£’000

25,091
5,018

(512)
1,366
(114)
5,758

3,957
1,039
288
5,284

(228)
68
5,124

2015
£’000

20,652
4,234

60
474
356
5,124

Factors that may affect future tax charges 
The standard rate of corporation tax in the UK changed from 21.0% to 20.0% with effect from 1 April 2015. 
Legislation was enacted to reduce the main rate of corporation tax from 20% to 19% with effect from 1 April 
2017 and 17% from 1 April 2020.

The reductions in tax rate to 20% were substantively enacted for the purposes of IAS 12, ‘income taxes’, on 
2 July 2013. As these rate changes have been substantively enacted at the balance sheet date, their effects 
have been included in these financial statements.

38   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

8 Dividends to shareholders

Final, paid 26 February 2016 (2015: paid 27 February 2015)
Interim, paid 22 July 2016 (2015: paid 24 July 2015)

2016
pence
per share

2016

£’000

2015
pence
per share

3.85
1.15
5.00

8,146
2,481
10,627

3.60
1.03
4.63

2015

£’000

7,617
2,179
9,796

The Directors recommend a final dividend in respect of the financial year ended 30 September 2016 of 
4.45 pence per Ordinary share to be paid on 24 February 2017 to shareholders who are on the register at 
27 January 2017. This dividend is not reflected in these financial statements as it does not represent a liability at 
30 September 2016. The final proposed dividend will reduce shareholders’ funds by an estimated £9.6 million.

9 Earnings per Ordinary share

Basic earnings per share are based on the post-tax Group profit for the year and a weighted average number 
of Ordinary shares in issue during the year calculated as follows:

2016

2015

Weighted average number of Ordinary shares in issue for basic earnings
Dilutive impact of share options 
Weighted average number of Ordinary shares for diluted earnings

214,215,397
1,564,458
215,779,855

211,579,840
1,086,738
212,666,578

Adjusted earnings per Ordinary share is also presented to eliminate the effects of acquired intangibles, share 
options and exceptional acquisition costs. This presentation shows the trend in earnings per Ordinary share 
that is attributable to the underlying trading activities. The reconciliation between the basic and adjusted 
figures is as follows:

2016

2015

£’000

£’000

2016
Basic
earnings
per share
pence

2015
Basic
earnings
per share
pence

2016
Diluted
earnings
per share
pence

2015
Diluted
earnings
per share
pence

Profit for the year
Adjustments:
Amortization of acquired intangibles
Acquisition costs
Charges for share based payments
Tax effect of adjustments
Adjusted earnings

19,333

15,528

9.0

7.3

9.0

7.3

4,639
855
6
(1,515)
23,318

1,607
 - 
455
(412)
17,178

2.2
0.4
0.0
(0.7)
10.9

0.8
 - 
0.2
(0.2)
8.1

2.1
0.4
0.0
(0.7)
10.8

0.8
 - 
0.2
(0.2)
8.1

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   39

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

10 Goodwill

Cost and net book value
Opening
Additions 
Exchange adjustments
At 30 September

2016
£’000

2015
£’000

31,445
22,788
7,285
61,518

30,512
 - 
933
31,445

During the year, goodwill was tested for impairment. The recoverable amount for each cash-generating 
unit (“CGU”) has been determined from value in use calculations. The key assumptions for the value in use 
calculations are those regarding discount rates, growth rates and expected changes to selling prices and direct 
costs during the period. All of these assumptions have been reviewed during the year. Management estimates 
discount rates using pre tax rates that reflect current market assessments of the time value of money and the 
risk specific to each CGU. This has resulted in a range of discount rates being used within the calculations.

The growth rates used in the calculations are based on a review of both recently achieved growth rates and a 
prudent estimate of likely future growth rates for each specific market sector.

Key assumptions for the value in use calculations are as follows:

Patent and Commercial UK
Patent and Commercial Overseas
Life Sciences
Information

Long Term 
Growth Rate

Discount  
Rates

Revenue 
Growth

2%
2%
2%
2%

9%
8%
12%
9%

5%
6%
7%
6%

Long term growth rate is the rate applied to determine the terminal value at 5 years. The discount rate is the 
pre-tax discount rate. Revenue growth is the average annual increase in revenue over the 5 year projection 
period.

As part of the value in use calculation, management prepares cash flow forecasts derived from the most recent 
financial budgets, approved by the Board of Directors for the next 12 months, and extrapolates the cash flows 
for a period of 5 years based on an estimated growth rate. This rate does not exceed the expected growth rate 
for the relevant markets of each CGU.

The Group has conducted a sensitivity analysis on the carrying value of each of the CGUs. There are no 
reasonably possible changes in the key assumptions that could cause the carrying value of the CGUs to exceed 
their recoverable amounts.

Based on the result of the value in use calculations undertaken, the Directors conclude that the recoverable 
amount in the CGUs exceeds its carrying value.

40   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

The allocation of goodwill to each CGU is as follows:

Patent and Commercial UK
Patent and Commercial Overseas
Life Sciences
Information
At 30 September 

11 Intangible assets

Trade 
name
£’000

Clinician
database
£’000

Technology
£’000

Trade-
marks
£’000

Cost
At 1 October 2014
Additions
Disposals
Currency translation
At 30 September 2015
Additions
Acquisitions
Disposals
Currency translation
At 30 September 2016

Accumulated amortization 
and impairment
At 1 October 2014
Amortization charge
Disposals
Currency translation
At 30 September 2015
Amortization charge
Disposals
Currency translation
At 30th September 2016

Net book value
At 1 October 2014
At 30 September 2015
At 30 September 2016

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
957
 - 
167
 1,124 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
119
 - 
10
 129 

 - 
 - 
 995 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
4,467
 - 
777
 5,244 

 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
443
 - 
38
 481 

1,974
 - 
 - 
 143 
 2,117 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 342 
 2,459 

 395 
 415 
 - 
 37 
 847 
 453 
 - 
 176 
 1,476 

 232 
 - 
 - 
 (12)
 220 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 38 
 258 

 232 
 - 
 - 
 (12)
 220 
 - 
 - 
 38 
 258 

2016
£’000

25,120
4,632
29,985
1,781
61,518

2015
£’000

22,472
3,961
3,231
1,781
31,445

Customer
relation-
ships
& order 
book
£’000

 10,583 
 - 
 - 
 89 
 10,672 
 - 
 16,548 
 - 
 3,933 
 31,153 

 4,031 
 1,192 
 - 
 (47)
 5,176 
 3,624 
 - 
 836 
 9,636 

Software
£’000

Total
£’000

 371 
 33 
 (2)
 (17)
 385 
 169 
 - 
 (11)
 68 
 611 

 274 
 56 
 (2)
 (13)
 315 
 80 
 (11)
 64 
 448 

 13,160 
 33 
 (2)
 203 
 13,394 
 169 
 21,972 
 (11)
 5,325 
 40,849 

 4,932 
 1,663 
 (2)
 (35)
 6,558 
 4,719 
 (11)
 1,162 
 12,428 

 - 
 - 
 4,763 

 1,579 
 1,270 
 983 

 - 
 - 
 - 

 6,552 
 5,496 
 21,517 

 97 
 70 
 163 

 8,228 
 6,836 
 28,421 

Technology, Trademarks, Trade name, Clinician database and Customer relationships are amortized over 
5 to 10 years and Software over not more than 3 years. The Order book intangible identified in valuing CTi 
acquisition is amortised over one year and has been included within Customer relationships.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   41

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

12 Property, plant and equipment

Leasehold 
land,
buildings and
improve-
ments
£’000

Freehold land
and buildings
£’000

Furniture
and
equipment
£’000

Motor
vehicles
£’000

 16,913 
 - 
 97 
 - 
 17,010 
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
17,010

 704 
 - 
 228 
 - 
 932 
 - 
 - 
 229 
 - 
 1,161 

16,209
16,078
15,849

581
 - 
 2 
 - 
583
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
583

330
 - 
49
 - 
379
 - 
 - 
 28 
 - 
407

251
204
176

2,613
(28)
1,159
 (912)
2,832
182
731
240
(62)
3,923

1,808
(16)
537
 (912)
1,417
126
190
674
(62)
2,345

805
1,415
1,578

79
 - 
 - 
 - 
79
14
 - 
 - 
 - 
93

34
 - 
10
 - 
44
 12 
 - 
 10 
 - 
66

45
35
27

Total
£’000

20,186
(28)
1,258
(912)
20,504
196
731
240
(62)
21,609

2,876
(16)
824
(912)
2,772
138
190
941
(62)
3,979

17,310
17,732
17,630

Cost
At 1 October 2014
Currency translation
Additions
Disposals
At 30 September 2015
Currency translation
Additions
Acquisitions
Disposals
At 30 September 2016

Accumulated depreciation
At 1 October 2014
Currency translation
Depreciation charge
Disposals
At 30 September 2015
Currency translation
Acquisitions
Depreciation charge
Disposals
At 30 September 2016

Net book value
At 1 October 2014
At 30 September 2015
At 30 September 2016

42   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

13 Deferred tax

The deferred tax assets and liabilities and the movements during the year, before offset of balances within the 
same jurisdiction, are as follows:

Deferred tax assets
At 1 October 2014
(Charged)/credited to income
At 30 September 2015
Credited to income
Credited to equity
At 30 September 2016

Deferred tax liabilities
At 1 October 2014
Charged/(credited) to income
Charged to equity
At 30 September 2015
Credited to income
Charged to equity
At 30 September 2016

Deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities
Net deferred tax balance at 30 September 

Deprecia-
tion in
excess of 
capital
allowances
£’000

Other
temporary
differences
£’000

58
(24)
34
20
 - 
54

126
28
154
623
 - 
777

Share
Options
£’000

 169 
(17)
152
478
414
1,044

Total
£’000

353
(13)
340
1,121
414
1,875

Accelerated
capital
allowances
£’000

Intangibles
£’000

Total
£’000

 312 
 145 
 - 
 457 
 (92)
 - 
365

1,712
(386)
43
1,369
(493)
85
961

2016
£’000

2,024
 (241)
 43 
1,826
 (585)
 85 
1,326

2015
£’000

1,875
(1,326)
549

340
(1,826)
(1,486)

Deferred tax is calculated using tax rates that are expected to apply in the period when the liability is settled or 
the asset realised based on tax rates that have been enacted or substantively enacted at the reporting date.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   43

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

14 Trade and other receivables

Trade receivables
Less: allowance for doubtful debts

Other receivables
Prepayments and accrued income
At 30 September

2016
£’000

24,429
(101)
24,328
365
3,480
28,173

2015
£’000

15,718
(507)
15,211
272
2,424
17,907

Trade receivables are non-interest bearing and generally have a 30 day term. Due to their short maturities, 
the carrying amount of trade and other receivables approximates to their fair value. 

Trade receivables net of allowances are held in the following currencies at the reporting date:

Sterling
Euros
Japanese Yen
US Dollars
Swiss Francs
Other

The ageing of trade receivables net of allowances at the reporting date was:

Not past due
Past due 1-30 days
Past due 31-60 days
Past due 61-90 days
Past due > 90 days

Movement in allowance for doubtful debts:

At 1 October
Utilised
(Released)/Charged
At 30 September 

2016
£’000

2,524
9,918
680
10,614
526
66
24,328

2016
£’000

15,346
5,040
2,752
779
411
24,328

2016
£’000

507
(217)
(189)
101

2015
£’000

2,495
7,088
437
4,337
684
170
15,211

2015
£’000

9,163
3,855
1,343
505
345
15,211

2015
£’000

144
(26)
389
507

Given the profile of the Group’s customers, no further credit risk has been identified with trade receivables 
other than those balances for which an allowance has been made.

44   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

15 Loan

Due in less than one year
Loan

Due in more than one year
Loan

2016
£’000

6,923

22,500

2015
£’000

 - 

 - 

On 30 October 2015 the Group acquired the entire issued share capital of Corporate Translations Inc (see 
note 22) The acquisition was funded from internal resources and a US$45m loan from Barclays.This loan is 
repayable over 5 years on a straight line basis. Interest is charged quarterly at LIBOR plus 1% and the debt is 
secured on the assets of CTi and other subsidiaries in the Group.

16 Trade and other payables

Due in less than one year
Trade payables
Other tax and social security payable
Other payables
Accruals and deferred income
At 30 September

2016
£’000

2015
£’000

7,260
1,252
1,363
10,332
20,207

6,960
1,024
599
6,214
14,797

The carrying amount of trade and other payables approximates to their fair value. Trade payables normally fall 
due within 30 to 60 days.

Due in more than one year
Rental deposits

2016
£’000

2015
£’000

30

30

This long term creditor relates to rental deposits received in relation to the leasing of a portion of Randall House.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   45

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

17 Provisions

Due in less than one year
At 1 October
Utilised
Charged/(released) to the Statement of Comprehensive Income
Transferred (to)/from provisions due in more than one year
At 30 September

Due in more than one year
At 1 October
Transferred from/(to) provisions due in less than one year
At 30 September

2016
£’000

77
(77)
157
(78)
79

2016
£’000

301
78
379

2015
£’000

480
(76)
(404)
77
77

2015
£’000

378
(77)
301

This long term provision relates solely to monthly ongoing future pension payments to a third party and will 
continue for the remainder of the recipients life.

46   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

18 Financial instruments and financial risk management

Categories of financial instruments
All financial assets other than derivative assets are classified as loans and receivables, and all financial liabilities 
are held at amortized cost.

The principal financial assets and liabilities on which financial risks arise are as follows:

Financial assets
Trade receivables and accrued revenue - current
Foreign exchange derivatives
Cash and cash equivalents
At 30 September
Financial liabilities
Trade and other payables - current
Loan
Foreign exchange derivatives
At 30 September

Carrying value
2016
£’000

Carrying value
2015
£’000

26,547
 - 
27,910
54,457

12,331
29,423
681
42,435

16,746
309
30,569
47,624

10,611
 - 
 - 
10,611

Trade receivables and accrued revenue – current includes accrued revenue of £2,219,000 (30 September 
2015: £1,535,000). Trade and other payables – current includes Trade payables, other tax and social security 
balances plus certain other selected accruals.

Financial risk management objectives and policies
The principal financial risks to which the Group is exposed are those of liquidity, interest rate, credit, foreign 
currency and capital. Each of these is managed as set out below.

The Board has overall responsibility for the determination of the Group’s risk management objectives and 
policies and, whilst retaining ultimate responsibility for them, it has delegated the authority for designing and 
operating processes that ensure the effective implementation of the objectives and policies to the Group’s 
Finance Director.

The overall objective of the Board is to set policies that seek to reduce risk as far as possible without unduly 
affecting the Group’s competitiveness and flexibility. Group’s borrowings have a number of financial covenants 
which are tested bi-annually. The Board manages compliance by reviewing forecasts on a regular basis.

Liquidity risk
In addition to its cash balances the Group has an overdraft facility of £1.5 million which was undrawn as at  
the year end. Most available funds, after meeting working capital requirements, are invested in sterling, euro 
and US dollar deposits with maturities not exceeding three months. Accordingly, liquidity risk is considered  
to be low.

Interest rate risk
The majority of the Group’s cash balances are held with its principal bankers earning interest at variable rates 
of interest. The target yield on deposits is UK base rate plus a margin. To the extent the sterling overdraft is 
utilised it attracts a rate of base plus 2%. The loan of USD$45 milion is for a period of 5 years with interest 
payable at 1% over LIBOR on a straight line basis.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   47

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

The currency profiles of the Group’s cash and cash equivalents at 30 September 2016 are set out below.

Assets – Cash and cash equivalents
Sterling
US Dollars
Euros
Yen
Swiss Francs
Other

Financial liabilities – Loan
US Dollars

Floating rate 
2016
£’000

Floating rate 
2015
£’000

9,460
9,733
4,870
1,749
1,655
443
27,910

18,415
4,639
4,983
1,171
1,034
327
30,569

£’000

£’000

29,423

 - 

If interest rates changed by 1%, the impact would not be material to the Group’s results in either the current 
or prior year.

The Directors believe that a change of 1% represents a reasonable sensitivity of the Group’s interest rate risk. 
The analysis assumes that all other variables remain constant.

Credit risk
The Group is exposed to credit risk on cash and cash equivalents, derivative instruments and trade and other 
receivables.

Cash balances, predominantly held in the UK are placed with the Group’s principal bankers who are rated A- 
by Standard & Poor’s, and with a further institution carrying an A rating.

Trade receivable exposures are managed locally in the operating units where they arise. The client base tends 
to be major blue chip organisations or self regulated bodies such as patent agents and legal firms. As a result 
the Group rarely considers a credit check is appropriate but, and where management have doubt, they will 
use their judgement and may impose a credit limit or require payment in advance. No client accounts for 
more than 5% (2015 – 7%) of Group revenues and there were no significant concentrations of credit risk at the 
balance sheet date.

Provisions for doubtful debts are established in respect of specific trade and other receivables where it is 
deemed they may be irrecoverable.

Foreign currency risk
Approximately 44% (2015: 51%) of Group external sales in the reporting period were denominated in Euros 
and 31% in US dollars (2015: 20%) while the cost base of the Group is predominantly denominated in sterling.

The Group’s policy is, where possible, to allow Group entities to settle liabilities denominated in the functional 
currency with cash generated in that currency from their own operations. Transaction exposures arise from 
non-local currency sales and purchases by subsidiaries with gains and losses on transactions arising from 
fluctuations in exchange rates being recognised in the income statement. In entities which have a material 
exposure the policy is to seek to manage the risk using forward foreign exchange contracts.

48   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

The Group applies net investment hedge accounting in respect of borrowings associated with the acquisition 
of foreign operations, reducing the effect of currency fluctuations in the income statement by recognising 
gains or losses directly in equity.

Assets and liabilities of Group entities located in Germany, Switzerland, the United States, Japan, China and 
Australia are principally denominated in their respective currencies and are therefore not materially exposed 
to currency risk. On translation to sterling gains or losses arising are recognised directly in equity.

The carrying amounts of the Group’s material foreign currency denominated monetary assets and liabilities at 
the reporting date are as follows:

Euros
US Dollars
Swiss Francs
Yen
Other

Liabilities
2016
£’000

Liabilities
2015
£’000

3,092
30,592
8
111
77
33,880

2,204
201
1
55
141
2,602

Assets
2016
£’000

12,388
6,720
1,487
20
124
20,739

Assets
2015
£’000

10,287
6,057
1,189
91
237
17,861

Foreign currency sensitivity analysis
The following table details the Group’s sensitivity to a 10% (2015:10%) increase and decrease in sterling 
against the major currencies listed in the table above. The sensitivity analysis includes only the outstanding 
denominated monetary items and adjusts their translation at the end of the period for a 10% change in the 
sterling exchange rate. A positive number below indicates an increase in profit and other equity where sterling 
weakens against the relevant currency. For a 10% strengthening of sterling against the relevant currency, 
there would be an equal and opposite impact on profit and other equity, and the balances would be negative. 
The sensitivities below are based on the exchange rates at the reporting date used to convert the assets or 
liabilities to sterling.

Euros
US Dollars
Swiss Francs
Yen

Profit and loss 
impact
2015
£’000

735
532
108
3
1,378

2016
£’000

845
505
134
(8)
1,476

If the exchange rate on uncovered exposures were to move significantly between the year end and date of 
payment or receipt there could be an impact on the Group’s profit. As all financial assets and liabilities are 
short-term in nature this risk is not considered to be material.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   49

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

The Group’s derivative financial instruments, which take the form of forward foreign exchange contracts in 
place at the year end are as follows:

2016
£’000

2015
£’000

Forward foreign currency exchange contracts

(681)

309

An analysis of the Group’s forward contracts’ maturity is as follows:

Up to 3 months
3 to 6 months
6 to 12 months

2016
£’000

(288)
(297)
(96)
(681)

2015
£000

309
 - 
 - 
309

Capital risk
The Group considers its capital to comprise its ordinary share capital, share premium, other reserves 
and accumulated retained earnings. In managing its capital, the Group’s primary objective is to ensure its 
continued ability to provide a consistent return for its equity shareholders through a combination of capital 
growth and distributions. The Group has historically considered equity funding as the most appropriate form 
of capital for the Group but debt financing has been introduced where it was felt that the benefits exceed the 
risks and costs to equity shareholders of introducing this type of finance.

Following dividend payments of £10,627,000, closing reserves are £108,700,000. At 30 September 2016 there 
was £29,423,000 of external debt finance on the balance sheet being the balance of the $45 million loan taken 
out to part fund the acquisition of Corporate Translations Inc. (note 22). The Group is not subject to externally 
imposed capital requirements.

In addition the Group held its own Cash and cash equivalents at the year end of £27,910,000.

19 Share capital

Authorised
Ordinary shares of 1 pence each  
(2015: 1 pence)

Allotted, called up and fully paid
At beginning of year
Subdivision of shares
Issue of shares

2016
Number

2016
£’000

2015
Number

2015
£’000

500,000,000

5,000

500,000,000

5,000

211,579,840
 - 
4,184,810

2,116
 - 
41

42,315,968
169,263,872
 - 

2,116
 - 
 - 

2,116

At end of year

215,764,650

2,157

211,579,840

At the RWS Holdings plc AGM on 10 February 2015, shareholders approved a resolution to subdivide the 
Company’s existing shares so that each 5p Ordinary share was subdivided into 5 Ordinary shares of 1p each. 
These new 1p shares were admitted for trading on the London Stock Exchange on 11 February 2015.

The increase in share capital was as a result of the exercise of share options by a Director and several Senior 
Executives.

50   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

20 Share based payment

On 6 April 2013 the Company adopted a new share option scheme for senior employees. Under the scheme, 
options to purchase ordinary shares are granted by the Board of Directors, subject to the exercise price of 
the option being not less than the market value at the grant date. The options vest after a period of 3 years 
for the approved scheme and 2 years for the unapproved scheme and the vesting schedule is subject 
to predetermined overall Company selection criteria in the event that the option holder’s employment is 
terminated, the option may not be exercised unless the Board of Directors so permits. The options expire 
8 years from the date of grant.

Number of
 approved 
 options

Number of
unap-
proved
 options

Vesting Date

Exercise
Price (£)

Grant
Date

approved 
 options

unap-
proved
 options

Lapse
Date

Balance at 1 Oct 2015
Exercised
Balance at 30 Sep 2016

139,290 7,971,285
46,430 4,138,380
92,860 3,832,905

1.292

3 April 
2013

3 April 
2016

3 April 
2015

3 April 
2021

A charge of £6,000 (2015: £455,000) has been made in the accounts relating to share options all of which 
related to equity settled share based payment transactions.

4,184,810 options were exercised during the year (2015: Nil).

The fair value of the share options is estimated as at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing 
model. The following table lists the range of assumptions applied to the options granted in the respective 
period shown.

Weighted average share price at grant (£)
Weighted average exercise price (£)
Expected life of option (years)
Volatility (%)
Dividend yield (%)
Risk free interest rate (%)
Option value (£)

Approved
Option Scheme

Unnapproved
Option Scheme

1.292
1.292
3
33.5
2.69
2
1.31

1.292
1.292
2
33.5
2.69
2
1.11

Expected volatility was determined by calculating the historical volatility of the Group’s share price over the 
previous 3 years at the date of grant.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   51

 
Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

21 Cash and cash equivalents

Cash at bank and in hand
Short-term deposits

2016
£’000

18,477
9,433
27,910

2015
£’000

15,935
14,634
30,569

Short-term deposits have original maturity of three months or less. The fair value of these assets supports 
their carrying value.

There are no restrictions regarding the utilisation of the Group’s cash resources.

22 Acquisition

On 30 October 2016, the Group acquired the entire issued share capital of Corporate Translations Inc for a 
cash consideration of US$70 million plus US$2 million for working capital. The acquisition was funded by a 
US$45 million five year loan and internal cash resources.

The fair value of identifiable assets and liabilities acquired, purchase consideration and goodwill are as follows:

Book value 
 £’000 

Provisional
fair value
adjustments
 £’000 

Provisional
fair values
 £’000 

Net assets acquired:
Property, plant and equipment
Trade name
Orderbook
Customer relationships
Clinician Database
Trade and other receivables
Cash and cash equivalents
Trade and other payables

Goodwill
Total consideration
Satisfied by:
Cash

Cash flow:
Total consideration
Cash included in undertaking acquired
Net cash consideration in cash flow statement

168
 - 
 - 
 - 
 - 
6,020
208
(3,762)
2,634

(118)
957
824
15,724
4,467
 - 
- 
 - 
21,854

50
957
824
15,724
4,467
6,020
208
(3,762)
24,488
22,788
47,276

47,276

47,276
(208)
47,068

Corporate Translations Inc contributed £21.2 million revenue and £3.4 million to the Group’s profit after tax for 
the year between the date of acquisition and the balance sheet date. If the acquisition had been completed on 
the first day of the financial year, Group revenues for the year would have been £123.9 million and Profit for the 
year £19.6 million.

Acquisition costs of £855,000 have been charged through the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income.

52   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

23 Related party transactions

During the year in the normal course of business, RWS provided translation services worth £357,000 (2015: 
£295,000) to Learning Technologies Group plc (“LTG”) a company in which Andrew Brode has a notifiable 
interest. An amount of £38,000 due from LTG at 30 September 2016 was paid in October and November 2016 
(2015: £30,000).

24 Commitments and contingent liabilities

The Group had no material capital commitments contracted for but not provided for in the financial 
statements. (2015: £nil)

In respect of overdraft facilities, the Company, together with certain subsidiary undertakings, has given to 
the Group’s principal bankers cross-guarantees secured by fixed and floating charges over the assets of the 
Group. At the end of the year liabilities covered by these guarantees totalled £nil (2015: £nil).

The loan of $45 million taken out with Barclays Bank plc to part fund the acquisition of Corporate Translations 
Inc has been guaranteed against the assets of CTi and other fellow subsidiary undertakings.

25 Operating lease commitments

Operating lease payments represent rentals payable by the Group for its office properties and certain 
equipment. Property leases have various terms, escalation clauses and renewal rights.

At the reporting date, the Group had outstanding commitments  
for future minimum lease payments under non-cancellable operating  
leases which fall due as follows:

Within one year
In the second to fifth years inclusive
After five years

2016
£’000

2015
£’000

1,476
2,297
1,133
4,906

780
801
365
1,946

26 Events since the reporting date

No significant events have occurred between the balance sheet date and the date of authorisation of these 
financial statements.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   53

Independent auditors’ report to the members of RWS Holdings plc

REPORT ON THE PARENT COMPANY  
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Our opinion
In our opinion, RWS Holdings plc’s Parent Company 
financial statements (the “financial statements”):
–  give a true and fair view of the state of the Parent 

Company’s affairs as at 30 September 2016;

–  have been properly prepared in accordance with 
United Kingdom Generally Accepted Accounting 
Practice; and

–  have been prepared in accordance with the 
requirements of the Companies Act 2006.

What we have audited
The financial statements, included within the Annual 
Report (the “Annual Report”), comprise:
–  the Parent Company Statement of Financial Position 

as at 30 September 2016;

Opinion on other matter prescribed  
by the Companies Act 2006
In our opinion, the information given in the Strategic 
Report and the Directors’ Report for the financial year 
for which the financial statements are prepared is 
consistent with the financial statements.

Other matters on which we are required  
to report by exception
Adequacy of accounting records and 
information and explanations received
Under the Companies Act 2006 we are required to 
report to you if, in our opinion:
–  we have not received all the information and 

explanations we require for our audit; or

–  adequate accounting records have not been kept by 
the Parent Company, or returns adequate for our 
audit have not been received from branches not 
visited by us; or

–  the Parent Company Statement of Changes in Equity 

–  the financial statements are not in agreement with 

for the year then ended; and

the accounting records and returns.

–  the notes to the financial statements, which include 
a summary of significant accounting policies and 
other explanatory information.

We have no exceptions to report arising from this 
responsibility.

Certain required disclosures have been presented 
elsewhere in the Annual Report, rather than in the 
notes to the financial statements. These are cross-
referenced from the financial statements and are 
identified as audited.

The financial reporting framework that has been 
applied in the preparation of the financial statements 
is United Kingdom Accounting Standards, comprising 
FRS 101 “Reduced Disclosure Framework”, and 
applicable law (United Kingdom Generally Accepted 
Accounting Practice).

In applying the financial reporting framework, 
the Directors have made a number of subjective 
judgements, for example in respect of significant 
accounting estimates. In making such estimates, 
they have made assumptions and considered future 
events.

Directors’ remuneration
Under the Companies Act 2006 we are required to 
report to you if, in our opinion, certain disclosures 
of Directors’ remuneration specified by law are not 
made. We have no exceptions to report arising from 
this responsibility.

Responsibilities for the financial statements  
and the audit
Our responsibilities and those of the Directors
As explained more fully in the Statement of Directors’ 
Responsibilities set out on page 16, the Directors 
are responsible for the preparation of the financial 
statements and for being satisfied that they give a 
true and fair view.

Our responsibility is to audit and express an 
opinion on the financial statements in accordance 
with applicable law and International Standards 
on Auditing (UK and Ireland) (“ISAs (UK & Ireland)”). 
Those standards require us to comply with the 
Auditing Practices Board’s Ethical Standards for 
Auditors.

This report, including the opinions, has been 
prepared for and only for the Parent Company’s 
members as a body in accordance with Chapter 3 of 

54   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Independent auditors’ report to the members of RWS Holdings plc (continued)

Other matter
We have reported separately on the Group financial 
statements of RWS Holdings plc for the year ended 
30 September 2016.

Nigel Reynolds (Senior Statutory Auditor)
for and on behalf of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Chartered Accountants and Statutory Auditors
London
6 December 2016

Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006 and for no other 
purpose. We do not, in giving these opinions, accept 
or assume responsibility for any other purpose or to 
any other person to whom this report is shown or 
into whose hands it may come save where expressly 
agreed by our prior consent in writing.

What an audit of financial statements involves
We conducted our audit in accordance with ISAs 
(UK & Ireland). An audit involves obtaining evidence 
about the amounts and disclosures in the financial 
statements sufficient to give reasonable assurance 
that the financial statements are free from material 
misstatement, whether caused by fraud or error. This 
includes an assessment of: 
–  whether the accounting policies are appropriate to 

the Parent Company’s circumstances and have been 
consistently applied and adequately disclosed; 

–  the reasonableness of significant accounting 

estimates made by the Directors; and 

–  the overall presentation of the financial statements. 

We primarily focus our work in these areas by 
assessing the Directors’ judgements against available 
evidence, forming our own judgements, and 
evaluating the disclosures in the financial statements.

We test and examine information, using sampling and 
other auditing techniques, to the extent we consider 
necessary to provide a reasonable basis for us to 
draw conclusions. We obtain audit evidence through 
testing the effectiveness of controls, substantive 
procedures or a combination of both. 

In addition, we read all the financial and non-financial 
information in the Annual Report to identify material 
inconsistencies with the audited financial statements 
and to identify any information that is apparently 
materially incorrect based on, or materially 
inconsistent with, the knowledge acquired by us in 
the course of performing the audit. If we become 
aware of any apparent material misstatements or 
inconsistencies we consider the implications for our 
report.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   55

Parent Company Financial Statements

The following parent entity financial statements are prepared under FRS 101 and relate to the Company and 
not to the Group. The statement of accounting policies which have been applied to these accounts can be 
found on page 58 to 59.

Statement of Financial Position at 30 September 2016

Registered Company 3002645

Fixed assets
Investments

Current assets
Debtors
Foreign exchange derivatives
Cash at bank and in hand

Total assets
Current liabilities
Loan
Trade and other payables
Foreign exchange derivatives

Net current assets

Total assets less current liabilities
Creditors: amounts falling due after more than one year
Loan
Net assets

Capital and reserves
Share capital
Share premium account
Share based payment reserve
Capital reserve
Profit and loss account
Total shareholders’ funds 

Note

2016
£’000

2015
£’000

6

7
10

8
9
10

8

11

44,817
44,817

913

 - 
6,991
7,904

15,326
15,326

5,982
309
7,735
14,026

52,721

29,352

6,923
263
681
7,867

 - 

230

 - 

230

44,854

29,122

44,854

29,122

22,500
22,354

2,157
8,947
1,807
2,030
7,413
22,354

 - 
29,122

2,116
3,583
1,801
2,030
19,592
29,122

The financial statements on pages 56 to 64 were approved by the Board of Directors and authorised for issue 
on 5 December 2016 and were signed on its behalf by:

Andrew Brode
Director

56   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Parent Company Financial Statements (continued)

Statement of changes in Equity

Share
capital
£’000

Share
premium
account
£’000

Share 
based
payment
Reserve
£’000

Capital
Reserve
£’000

Retained
earnings
£’000

Total
£’000

At 1 October 2014

2,116

3,583

1,346

2,030

18,724

27,799

Profit for the financial year

Total Comprehensive Income for the year

Dividends
Credit arising on share based payments

 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 
455

 - 

 - 

 - 
 - 

10,664

10,664

10,664

10,664

(9,796)
 - 

(9,796)
455

Balance at 30 September 2015

2,116

3,583

1,801

2,030

19,592

29,122

Loss for the financial year

Total Comprehensive loss for the year

Dividends

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

 - 

Credit arising on share based payments
Issue of shares

 - 
41

 - 
5,364

 - 

 - 

 - 

6
 - 

 - 

 - 

(1,552)

(1,552)

(1,552)

(1,552)

 - 

(10,627)

(10,627)

 - 
 - 

 - 
 - 

6
5,405

Balance at 30 September 2016

2,157

8,947

1,807

2,030

7,413

22,354

The nature and purpose of each reserve within equity is as follows:

– Share capital is the nominal value of the shares issued.
– Share premium is the fair value of the shares issued in excess of their nominal value.
–  The balance on the capital reserve is an amount not distributable to shareholders and not transferred to the 

Income Statement.

–  Share based payment reserve is the credit arising on the share based payment charges in relation to the 

Company’s share option schemes.

–  Retained earnings are the cumulative net gains and losses, including the capital reserve from the Company 

balance sheet.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   57

Notes to the Company Financial Statements

1 General information

RWS Holdings plc is the holding company of a number of subsidiaries which provide patent translations, 
intellectual property support services, high level technical and commercial translations and linguistic validation 
services.

2 Summary of significant accounting policies

The principal accounting policies applied in the preparation of these financial statements are set out below. 
These policies have been consistently applied to all the years presented, unless otherwise stated.

Basis of preparation
The financial statements of RWS Holdings plc have been prepared in accordance with Financial Reporting 
Standard 101, ‘Reduced Disclosure Framework’ (FRS 101). The financial statements have been prepared under 
the historical cost convention as modified by the revaluation of land and buildings and derivative financial 
assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value through the income statement and in accordance with 
the Companies Act 2006. This is the first year the Company has prepared accounts under FRS101 and the 
transitional adjustments are set out in note 14.

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with FRS 101 requires the use of certain critical 
accounting estimates. It also requires management to exercise its judgement in the process of applying the 
Company’s accounting policies.

The following exemptions from the requirements of IFRS have been applied in the preparation of these 
financial statements, in accordance with FRS 101:
–  Paragraphs 45(b) and 46 to 52 of IFRS 2, ‘Share-based payment’ (details of the number and weighted-average 

exercise prices of share options and how the fair value of goods or services received was determined).

– IFRS 7, ‘Financial Instruments: Disclosures’.
–  Paragraphs 91 to 99 of IFRS 13, ‘Fair value measurement’ (disclosure of valuation techniques and inputs used 

for fair value measurement of assets and liabilities).

–  Paragraph 38 of IAS 1, ‘Presentation of financial statements’ comparative information requirements in 

respect of 
(i) paragraph 79(a) (iv) of IAS 1 
(ii) paragraph 73(e) of IAS 16 ‘Property, plant and equipment’ 
(iii) paragraph 118(e) of IAS 38 ‘Intangible assets’ (reconciliations between the carrying amount at the 
beginning and end of the period).

–   The following paragraphs of IAS 1, ‘Presentation of financial statements’: 

10(d), (statement of cash flows), 
16 (statement of compliance with all IFRS), 
38A (requirement for minimum of two primary statements, including cash flow statements), 
38B-D (additional comparative information) 
111 (cash flow statement information), and 
134-136 (capital management disclosures).

–  IAS 7, ‘Statement of cash flows’
–  Paragraph 30 and 31 of IAS 8 ‘Accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates and errors’ (requirement 
for the disclosure of information when an entity has not applied a new IFRS that has been issued but is not 
yet effective).

–  Paragraph 17 of IAS 24, ‘Related party disclosures’ (key management compensation). 

The requirements in IAS 24, ‘Related party disclosures’ to disclose related party transactions entered into 
between two or more members of a Group.

58   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Notes to the Company Financial Statements (continued)

Going concern
The Company meets its day-to-day working capital requirements through its cash reserves and borrowings. 
After making enquiries, the Directors have a reasonable expectation that the Company has adequate 
resources to continue in operational existence for the next 12 months. The Company therefore continues to 
adopt the going concern basis in preparing its financial statements.

Derivative financial instruments and hedging activities
The Company has not applied hedge accounting and all derivatives are measured at fair value through profit 
and loss.

Investments
Investments are stated at cost less provision for impairment. Cost includes capital contributions arising from 
share options.

Pensions
Contributions to personal pension plans are charged to the income statement in the period in which they fall due.

Dividend distribution
Interim dividends are recorded when they are paid and the final dividends are recorded when they become 
legally payable.

Taxation
Current tax, including UK corporation tax, is provided at amounts expected to be paid (or recovered) using the 
tax rates and laws that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the balance sheet date.

Share based payment
The Group and Company provide benefits to certain employees (including certain Executive Directors), in the 
form of share based payment transactions whereby employees render services in exchange for rights over 
shares in the form of share options. These equity settled share based transactions are measured as the fair 
value of the share option at the grant date. The fair value excludes the effect of non market based vesting 
conditions. Details regarding the determination of the fair value of these options can be seen in note 20 of the 
consolidated financial statements.

The fair value determined at the grant date of the share options is expensed on a straight line basis over 
the vesting period, based on the Group’s estimate of share options that will vest. At each balance sheet date 
the Company revises its estimate of the number of options expected to vest as a result of the effect on non 
market based vesting conditions. The impact of the revision of the original estimates, if any, is recognised in 
the Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income such that the cumulative expense reflects the revised 
estimate with a corresponding adjustment to equity reserves.

Where the share options are awarded to employees of subsidiaries, the amount of the charge is passed down 
to the subsidiary in the form of a capital contribution which is recognised as an increase in the investment in 
that subsidiary.

3 Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company enters into forward foreign currency contracts to mitigate the exchange rate risk for certain 
foreign currency receivables. At 30 September 2016 the outstanding contracts all mature within 12 months 
(2015: 3 months) of the year end. The Company is committed to sell €19,200,000 and receive a fixed sterling 
amount.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   59

Notes to the Company Financial Statements (continued)

The forward currency contracts are measured at fair value, which is determined using valuation techniques 
that utilise observable inputs. The key assumptions used in valuing the derivatives are the exchange rates for 
the Euro which are sold for sterling.

4 Operating profit

The Company has taken advantage of Section 408 of the Companies Act 2006 and has not included its own 
Income statement in these financial statements. The Company loss after tax for the year ended 30 September 
2016 under FRS 101 was £1,552,000 (2015 profit: £10,664,000).

Audit fees payable in relation to the audit of the financial statements of the Company are £54,000 (2015: £54,000).

Fees paid to PwC LLP and its associates for non-audit services to the Company itself are not disclosed in 
the individual accounts of RWS Holdings plc because the Company’s consolidated accounts are required to 
disclose such fees on a consolidated basis.

5 Directors and employees

There were no employees (2015: nil) of the Company other than the Directors.

The remuneration of the Directors of RWS Holdings plc for services in all capacities is set out below:

Directors’ emoluments
Pension costs – paid to the Director’s personal pension scheme

2016
£’000

1,166
19
1,185

2015
£’000

998
17
1,015

During the year the Company had six (2015: 6) Directors, including three Non-Executive Directors, providing 
services to the Group.

During the year two Directors (2015: 2) received contributions to their personal pension schemes.

Emoluments of the highest paid Director:

Emoluments
Pension costs – paid to the Director’s personal pension scheme

2016
£’000

403
10
413

2015
£’000

350
10
360

Details of Directors’ remuneration and pension contributions are disclosed in the Directors’ Remuneration 
Report on pages 17 to 19.

60   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Notes to the Company Financial Statements (continued)

6 Investments

Cost and net book value at beginning of year
Purchase of shares in a subsidiary undertaking
Additions – capital contributions
Cost and net book value at end of year

2016
£’000

15,326
29,485
6
44,817

2015
£’000

14,871
 - 
455
15,326

The Directors consider that the value of the Company’s fixed asset investments, which are listed below, is 
supported by their underlying profitability.

The following were the wholly owned subsidiary undertakings and have been consolidated in the financial 
statements:

Country of
incorporation

Nature of business

Beijing RWS Science & Technology Information 

China

Patent, technical and legal translations

Consultancy Co. Ltd

Communicare Limited

Corporate Translations Inc.

Corporate Translations UK Limited

Eclipse Translations Limited

England

Technical and legal translations

USA

England

England

Translation and linguistic validation

Translation and linguistic validation

Technical and legal translations

RWS Schweiz GmbH (formerly Ifama GmbH)

Switzerland

Technical and legal translations

Japanese Language Services Limited

England

Technical and legal translations

KK RWS Group 

Lawyers’ and Merchants’ Translation Bureau Inc

Japan

USA

Patent, technical and legal translations

Technical and legal translations

RWS Group Deutschland GmbH

Germany

Technical and legal translations

RWS Group Limited

RWS Information Limited

RWS (Overseas) Limited

RWS Translations Limited

RWS UK Holding Co. Limited

RWS US Holding Co. Inc

Pharmaquest Limited

inovia Pty Holdings Limited

inovia LLC

inovia Europe GmbH

England

England

England

England

England

USA

England

Australia

USA

Holding company

Patent and technical information searches

Holding company

Patent, technical and legal translations

Holding company

Holding company

Technical and medical translations

Patent translations

Patent translations

Germany

Patent translations

All subsidiary undertakings, except RWS Group Limited are held indirectly.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   61

Notes to the Company Financial Statements (continued)

7 Debtors

Amounts owed by Group undertakings
Other debtors
Prepayments
Amounts due within one year

8 Loan

Due in less than one year
Loan

Due in more than one year
Loan

2016
£’000

876
8
29
913

2016
£’000

6,923

22,500

2015
£’000

5,942
13
27
5,982

2015
£’000

 - 

 - 

On 30 October 2015 the Group acquired the entire issued share capital of Corporate Translations Inc  
(see note 22 of the consolidated accounts). The acquisition was funded from internal resources and a 
US$45 million loan from Barclays. This loan is repayable over 5 years on a straight line basis. Interest is charged 
quarterly at 1% over LIBOR and the debt is secured by the assets of CTi and other subsidiaries in the Group.

9 Creditors: amounts falling due within one year

Trade creditors
Amounts owed to Group undertakings
Accruals

2016
£’000

8
36
219
263

2015
£’000

9
103
118
230

The amounts owed both by and to Group undertakings are repayable on demand and classified as due within 
one year.

62   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Notes to the Company Financial Statements (continued)

10 Financial instruments

The Company’s derivative financial instruments, which take the form of forward foreign exchange contracts,  
in place at the year end are as follows:

2016
£’000

2015
£’000

Foreign exchange derivatives

An analysis of the Group’s forward contracts’ maturity is as follows:

(681)

2016
£’000
(288)
(297)
(96)
(681)

309

2015
£000
309
 - 
 - 
309

Up to 3 months
3 to 6 months
6 to 12 months

11 Share capital

Authorised
Ordinary shares of 1 pence each  
(2015: 1 pence)

Allotted, called up and fully paid
At beginning of year
Subdivision of shares
Issue of shares

2016
Number

2016
£’000

2015
Number

2015
£’000

500,000,000

5,000

500,000,000

5,000

211,579,840
 - 
4,184,810

2,116
 - 
41

42,315,968
169,263,872
 - 

2,116
 - 
 - 

2,116

At end of year

215,764,650

2,157

211,579,840

The increase in share capital was as a result of the exercise of share options by a Director and several Senior 
Executives.

12 Guarantees and other financial commitments

In respect of overdraft facilities, the Company, together with certain subsidiary undertakings, has given to 
the Group’s principal bankers cross-guarantees secured by fixed and floating charges over the assets of the 
Group. At the end of the year liabilities covered by these guarantees totalled £nil (2014: £nil). The loan of 
US$45 million taken to fund the acquisition of Corporate Translations Inc is secured against the assets of CTi 
and other subsidiaries of the Group.

13 Post balance sheet events

There have been no events since 30 September 2016 that require disclosure.

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   63

Notes to the Company Financial Statements (continued)

14 Appendix to the Financial Statements – First time adoption of FRS 101

Background
This is the first year in respect of which the Company has prepared its financial statements under FRS 101.  
The previous financial statements for the year ended 30 September 2015 were prepared under ‘UK GAAP’.  
The date of transition to FRS 101 for the Company is 1 October 2014. Set out below are descriptions of the 
various implementation options applied by the Company in preparing the financial statements for the year 
ended 30 September 2016, as well as reconciliations from ‘UK GAAP’ to FRS 101 for both total equity as at 
1 October 2014 and 30 September 2015 and comprehensive income for the year ended 30 September 2015.

Reconciliation of Total Equity as at 1 October 2014 and 30 September 2015

UK GAAP – As previously reported

Forward foreign exchange contracts

FRS 101

1 October  
2014
£’000

30 September 
2015
£’000

27,245

28,814

554

308

27,799

29,122

Reconciliation of Total Comprehensive Income for the period ended 30 September 2015

Profit for the financial year

UK GAAP – As previously reported

Forward foreign exchange contracts

FRS 101

£

10,910

(246)

10,664

64   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

Independent Auditors
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Embankment Place
London WC2N 6RH

Solicitors
Olswang
90 High Holborn
London WC1V 6XX

Principal bankers
Barclays Bank plc
Level 28
1 Churchill Place
Canary Wharf
London E14 5HP

Shareholder information

Corporate headquarters and Registered office
No. 03002645  
Europa House
Chiltern Park
Chiltern Hill
Chalfont St Peter
Buckinghamshire
SL9 9FG
United Kingdom
Tel:  +44 (0)1753 480200
Fax: +44 (0)1753 480280

Public relations advisers
MHP Communications
6 Agar Street
London WC2N 4HN
Tel: +44 (0)20 3128 8100

Nominated adviser and broker
Numis Securities Ltd
London Stock Exchange Building
10 Paternoster Square
London EC4M 7LT
Tel: +44 (0)20 7260 1000

Registrars
Capita Registrars Limited
The Registry
34 Beckenham Road
Beckenham
Kent BR3 4TU
Tel: 087 1664 0300
From overseas: +44 371 664 0300  
calls outside the United Kingdom
Email: shareholderenquiries@capita.co.uk

RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report   65

Contents

2   RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

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New horizons

 RWS Holdings plc  2016 Annual Report

RWS Holdings plc 2016 Annual Report

Europa House 
Chiltern Park 
Chiltern Hill 
Chalfont St Peter 
Bucks 
SL9 9FG 
United Kingdom

Telephone  +44 (0) 1753 480 200 
Facsimile  +44 (0) 1753 480 280 
Email  rws@rws.com

www.rws.com