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Serica Energy PLC

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FY2014 Annual Report · Serica Energy PLC
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SERICA ENERGY PLC 

2014 

ANNUAL REPORT AND ACCOUNTS 

Company Number: 5450950 

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CHAIRMAN’S STATEMENT 

Dear Shareholder 

2014  was  a  torrid  year  for  upstream  oil  and  gas  companies  and  a  particularly  difficult 
year  for  the  independents.    Serica  was  no  exception.    We  had  to  contend  with  an  ever 
increasing industry cost base, increasing transaction complexity, high taxation levels and 
an oil price collapse.  As a result capital markets showed a reluctance to invest and funds 
to build our business all but dried up. 

Serica’s  reaction  has  been  to  cut  its  operating  cost  base  drastically  whilst,  at  the  same 
time,  seeking  to  rebase  our  operations  and  strengthen  our  finances  by  acquiring  a 
production base in an area of the North Sea which we know well, where our tax position 
gives us an advantage and where we believe material value can be added.  We are doing 
this  whilst  trying  to  preserve  the  potential  which  we  continue  to  see  in  our  exploration 
acreage elsewhere, particularly offshore Namibia and Ireland, although we believe it will 
be some time before the economics of deep water drilling bring renewed interest there. 

The  first  part  of  this  strategy  was  the  agreement  reached  in  June  2014  to  purchase  an 
18%  interest  in  the  Central  North  Sea  Erskine  field  from  BP.    Erskine  lies  close  to  our 
existing  Columbus  discovery  and  produces  gas  rich  in  condensate  through  an 
infrastructure system that Serica has been trying for years to access.   The complexities 
of  North  Sea  agreements,  the  tightness  of  markets  and  the  collapse  in  oil  prices  at  the 
end  of  2014  have  delayed  closing  of  this  transaction  but  I  am  delighted  to  report  that 
the transaction is expected to complete imminently. 

The  acquisition  brings  material  benefits  to  Serica.    It  adds  approximately  3.6  mmboe 
(effective 1 January 2014) of producing, proven and probable oil and gas reserves net to 
Serica  at  a  cost  per  barrel  of  approximately  US$4.  In  addition,  as  the  result  of 
adjustments at completion to account for net revenue since the effective acquisition date 
and  deferral  of  part  of  the  consideration  payable,  the  Company  is  receiving  a  cash 
payment  of  approximately  US$9  million  from  BP  at  completion  which  enhances  our 
working  capital  position.  Net  current  assets  at  year  end  2014  stood  at  US$8.2  million, 
including cash balances of US$9.9 million.  BP will also receive a meaningful equity stake 
in Serica.  As part of the working capital adjustments at completion this has been set at 
13.5 million shares, approximately 5% of Serica’s enlarged issued share capital.  

In  addition  to  improving  our  immediate  cash  resources  and  bringing  cash  flow  to  the 
Company, the purchase of an interest in Erskine is a very important step for Serica.  It 
brings  us  production  from  a  field  where  there  is  significant  room  for  improved 
productivity.    During  2014  the  field  showed  it  was  capable  of  producing  up  to  4,000 
boepd  net  to  Serica  but  only  averaged  around  1,100  boepd  as  the  result  of  poor 
infrastructure  performance  downstream  (excluding  the  period  of  planned  shutdown).  
Erskine  recommenced  production  in  late  May  after  being  closed  late  last  summer  to 
enable major works to be undertaken on the Lomond field through which it produces.  It 
is  the  intention  of  all  field  participants  to  improve  production  performance  radically  by 
focussing  on  downstream  infrastructure  performance  and  Serica  will  be  working  closely 
with Chevron, the field operator, and BG, the operator of Lomond and also a partner in 
Erskine,  to  achieve  this.    If  we  are  successful  in  this  endeavour  it  will  bring  significant 
returns for Serica. 

The value of Erskine is also enhanced significantly as a result of our tax position.  At the 
year  end  this  amounted  to  approximately  US$186  million  of  unused  Ring  Fence 
Corporation  Tax  losses  from  past  UK  investment  made  by  Serica.    This  is  a  valuable 
asset which can be used to offset tax liabilities, not only from Erskine but also from other 
UK producing fields whether acquired or, in the instance of Columbus, developed by the 
Company. 

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The transaction therefore brings many valuable benefits to Serica.  It  is our intention to 
use our contacts, expertise and the benefits of our tax position to build on this to expand 
Serica’s  position  in  the  North  Sea  in  anticipation  of  a  recovery  in  oil  prices  over  the 
medium term and we will now be seeking financial partners with whom we can build on 
these advantages.  We already have the Columbus discovery and a 15% interest in the 
very  interesting  22/19c  block  lying  nearby,  in  which  we  have  two  clear  large  HPHT 
prospects and a full carry on the first well.  Acquiring an interest in Erskine and access to 
nearby infrastructure is complementary to this and provides a platform with which, with 
a  fair  wind,  renewed  interest  from  financial  markets  and  strong  partners,  we  can  build 
our  business  and  realise  the  considerable  potential  in  our  assets  to  the  benefit  of 
shareholders. 

We  are  now  able  to  review  how  we  might  progress  Columbus.    We  are  currently 
evaluating  a  proposal  received  from  the  Lomond  field  operator  for  the  handling  of 
Columbus  gas  and  condensate.  Pending  a  decision  on  export  routes  for  Columbus,  we 
have taken the step  of  reclassifying Columbus reserves, which stand at 5.2 mmboe, as 
contingent resources.  It is expected that these resources will be reclassified as reserves 
once  the  decision  on  an  export  route  and  field  development  has  been  taken.    Post  the 
acquisition  of  Erskine  our  oil  and  gas  resources  therefore  stand  at  approximately  3.3 
mmboe  of  producing,  proven  and  probable  reserves  in  Erskine  (after  2014  production) 
and  approximately  5.2  mmboe  of  oil  and  gas  resources  in  Columbus  contingent  on 
infrastructure access.  We have also written down the investment in Columbus to a level 
which takes account of the recent fall in forward oil prices. 

We  do  this  in  parallel  with  maintaining  our  exploration  interests  elsewhere  in  the  UK, 
Namibia  and  Ireland.    Following  recent  drilling  results  we  are  reviewing  our  position  in 
Morocco.  Prudent and careful risk management and cash constraints in a difficult market 
have resulted in us having no debt and no material commitments.  All the commitments 
relating  to  our  licences  have  been  met  in  full  and  the  reality  of  the  current  industry 
retrenchment  has  meant  that  we  are  dealing  with  government  agencies  who  are 
sympathetic to extending licence terms and reducing costs.  In the UK we have seen the 
government reduce the heavy tax burden and more needs to be done.  In parallel there 
are now clear signs that major operators and the service companies recognise that costs 
must  be  cut  and  practices  changed,  both  offshore  and  in  head  office  functions,  if 
profitability is to be restored and jobs retained.  In the North Sea it is a critical moment 
but I am optimistic that the ability of the industry and the government to recognise the 
need  for  change  will  result  in  significant  improvement  with  the  consequence  that 
investment will return. 

Whilst we have been trying to build for the future we have also  made major cuts to our 
operating overheads.  The two things work in opposite directions but, with the backdrop 
of tight financial markets, both have been essential.  Since the start of 2015 our monthly 
overhead costs have been reduced by more than half.  This includes a major reduction in 
office space, a reduction in staff levels to the absolute minimum, delisting in Canada and 
cut-backs  in  offshore  work  programmes.    As  part  of  this  the  non-executive  directors 
have  also  taken  a  50%  cut  in  fees  since  the  start  of  the  year  and  I  have  taken  a  67% 
cut.  Of course,  we have to be prepared to pay the full cost of talent if we are to grow 
and  a  balance  has  to  be  met.    I  believe  we  are  now  at  the  minimum  level  compatible 
with growing the Company and we will be looking to restore the balances as conditions 
improve. 

We  have  announced  earlier  this  month  that  Chris  Hearne,  our  Finance  Director,  has 
accepted a new role with a US independent and will be leaving Serica at the end of May.  
We  have  also  announced  that  Mitch  Flegg,  our  COO,  has  accepted  the  role  of  CEO  at 
another  AIM  listed  independent.    Whilst  we  are  very  sorry  to  lose  the  services  of  these 
two  highly  experienced  individuals  I  am  delighted  that  their  talents  have  been 
recognised and I am sure that all shareholders will want to wish them well in their new 
careers.    On  a  personal level,  I  would like  to  thank  them  both  for  their  commitment  to 
the Company.  They have put in place a solid team on both the operational and finance 
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sides  which  has  all  the  experience  needed  to  meet  the  Company’s  needs  and  I  am 
confident that we have all the skills needed to build as market conditions improve. 

As shareholders will be aware, I have been taking the role as acting CEO as well as non-
executive  Chairman  whilst  we  sought  to  reposition  the  Company  and  strengthen  the 
Company’s balance sheet.  This has taken far longer to achieve than anticipated. We still 
have  further  steps  to  make  to  place  the  Company  on  a  sounder  financial  footing  but  I 
believe the Erskine deal will go a considerable way to helping us to achieve that.  Whilst 
we  pursue  the  various  objectives  to  give  the  Company  the  resources  to  maximise  the 
value of what is a small but potentially a very exciting portfolio I shall be continuing to 
provide  executive  continuity  to  enable  us  to  achieve  that  and  will  be  taking  the  role  of 
Executive Chairman from 1 June whilst we review the need to replace the positions left 
vacant  by  Mitch  and  Chris.  I  am  supported  by  a  small  but  very  talented  team  of 
employees  and  retained  consultants  who  have  the  experience  and  knowledge  of  our 
assets and the commitment that is needed. 

We are also announcing changes at the non-executive level.  Steve Theede, will not be 
standing for re-election at the Annual General Meeting and will be standing down at the 
end  of  that  meeting.    Steve  has  been  on  the  Board  since  mid-2007  and  his  experience 
and  counsel  have  been  invaluable  to  the  Board  during  very  difficult  times  for  the 
industry.    Steve  has  moved  to  the  USA  and,  whilst  his  input  now  that  we  are  about  to 
enter  the  North  Sea  production  phase  would  be  invaluable,  he  and  we  agree  that  it  is 
difficult  for  him  to  provide  that  from  such  a  distance.    I  would like  to  thank  him  for  all 
that he has done to assist and promote the Company’s interests.  It goes without saying 
that all these Board changes will further cut the Company’s overhead costs and I believe 
that  we  are  now  operating  at  the  minimum level  consistent  with  the  need  also  to  build 
the Company. 

The  past  year  has  been  difficult  for  all  independents  but  I  believe  that  Serica  has 
weathered  the  storm  and  emerges  a  considerably  strengthened  company  as  the  direct 
result  of  steps  taken  by  management  to  reduce  overhead  costs,  farm-out  licence 
obligations  and,  importantly,  to  conclude  the  acquisition  of  a  strategically  important 
interest in a producing North Sea field where there is considerable upside for improved 
performance.    The  acquisition  of  the  interest  in  Erskine  gives  Serica  both  access  to 
important  infrastructure  and  a  meaningful  cash  flow  profile  which,  if  its  full  potential  is 
realised,  will  bring  considerable  benefit  to  shareholders  and  open  up  significant  new 
opportunities for Serica. 

Shareholders continue to enjoy exposure to high impact exploration  both in the UK and 
overseas but with licence commitments now reduced to virtually zero as the result of our 
successful farm-out campaign.  Wells are still planned for both the Doyle prospect in the 
East Irish Sea, where we are carried for the first £11 million of gross drilling costs, and 
to  test  the  very  significant  HPHT  prospects  in  Block  22/19c,  where  we  have  a  fully 
carried  15%  interest.    The  timing  has  slipped  in  the  current  environment  but  the  wells 
are expected to be drilled in 2016 and 2017 respectively and hold great promise for the 
Company at very little cost to shareholders. 

In  short, if Erskine produces  as planned, Serica has the  financial resources, an exciting 
asset mix and very low overhead to pursue different ways of releasing the value inherent 
in  Serica’s  portfolio.  There  is  considerable  opportunity  to  add  value  to  Erskine  by 
improving  downstream  performance,  to  realise  the  value  of  Columbus  through  field 
development,  to  enhance  the  value  of  our  exploration  assets  through  the  drill  bit, 
particularly  where  we  are  carried,  and  to  extract  full  value  of  our  tax  position  through 
further  acquisitions,  potentially  in  partnership  with  others.  We  plan  to  follow  these 
objectives aggressively in 2015 and beyond. 

Tony Craven Walker 
Chairman 
29 May 2015   

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STRATEGIC REPORT 

The following Strategic Report of the operations and financial results of Serica Energy plc 
and  its  subsidiaries  (the  “Group”)  should  be  read  in  conjunction  with  Serica’s 
consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2014.   

References  to  the  “Company”  include  Serica  and  its  subsidiaries  where  relevant.  All 
figures are reported in US dollars (“US$”) unless otherwise stated. 

Although  the  Company  delisted  from  the  TSX  in  March  2015,  the  Company  is  a 
“designated  foreign  issuer”  as  that  term  is  defined  under  National  Instrument  71-102  - 
Continuous Disclosure and Other  Exemptions Relating to Foreign  Issuers.  The Company 
is subject to the foreign regulatory requirements of the Alternative Investment Market of 
the London Stock Exchange in the United Kingdom. 

Serica  is  an  oil  and  gas  company  with  exploration  and  development  activities  based  in 
the  UK,  Ireland,  Namibia  and  Morocco,  and  an  economic  interest  in  an  oilfield  offshore 
Norway.  

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REVIEW OF OPERATIONS 

UK Operations 

Erskine Acquisition 

In  June  2014,  Serica  announced  that  agreement  had  been  reached  with  BP  in  an 
innovative deal for the  Company to acquire an 18% interest in UK blocks 23/26a (Area 
B) and 23/26b (Area B), located in the UK Central North Sea and containing the Erskine 
field.   The  other  partners  in  the  field  are  BG  and  Chevron  (operator).    The  transaction, 
which  will  be  completed  imminently,  provides  the  Company  with  a  tax  efficient  income 
stream  and  increases  Serica’s  2P  reserves  by  an  estimated  3.6  mmboe  effective  1 
January 2014 (Company estimates). 

The  key  elements  to  the  transaction,  announced  in  June  2014,  provided  for  a 
consideration  payable  to  BP  of  US$11.1  million  in  cash  plus  27  million  new  Ordinary 
Shares in Serica on completion subject to certain working capital adjustments to account 
for  revenue  and  cost  items  occurring  after  the  effective  date  of  1  January  2014.  
Completion arrangements provide that the US$11.1 million cash element is to be paid in 
four  equal  instalments;  the  first  at  completion  followed  by  payments  in  July  2016,  July 
2017 and July 2018.  As a result of these working capital adjustments, Serica will receive 
a completion cash sum amounting to approximately US$9 million net of the first tranche 
of  cash  consideration  payable  on  completion,  whilst  the  share  element  has  also  been 
reduced  to  13.5  million  new  Ordinary  Shares,  representing  approximately  5.1%  of 
Serica’s enlarged issued share capital.  

Field  production  offers  the  balance  of  both  gas  and  oil  condensate  revenues.  Realised 
gas prices for the field during 2014 averaged 41 pence per therm and forward gas prices 
support expectations of continuing healthy gas demand in the UK.  Realised oil prices for 
the  field  during  2014  averaged  US$100  per  barrel,  including  55,000  barrels  of  overlift, 
thus  insulating  Serica  from  the  impact  of  market  oil  prices  over  recent  months  and  for 
the first couple of months following production restart. 

The transaction contains provisions for decommissioning which are also innovative in the 
North  Sea  and  recognise  the  need  to  share  these  costs  between  the  buyer  and  seller.  
Decommissioning at the end of field life has been provided for on the basis that  BP will 
meet all decommissioning costs up to the current estimate for decommissioning agreed 
by Serica and BP.   This has been  fixed at a  gross £174.0 million (£31.32 million net to 
Serica)  with  this  figure  adjusted  for  inflation  and  Serica  only  being  responsible  for  any 
costs above the inflated level. 

The  Erskine  transaction  brings  a  tax  efficient  income  stream  to  Serica.    Net  production 
from  Erskine  for  the  year  2014  accruing  to  the  interest  acquired  was  in  excess  of 
317,000  boe.  This  was  lower  than  expected  due  to  extended  periods  of  shutdown  for 
both  planned  and  unplanned  maintenance  programmes  on  the  Lomond  platform  which 
fluids.  This  extensive 
provides  processing 
maintenance  programme  has  continued  in  2015  but  has  now  been  completed  and  the 
field  is  back  in  production.    It  is  expected  that  the  impact  of  this  maintenance 
programme  will  be  to  improve  the  field  uptime  for  the  remainder  of  2015.    Initial 
production will be used to reduce an overlift position acquired at completion. 

for  the  Erskine  production 

facilities 

We  also  expect  to  derive  significant  additional  benefit  from  the  strong  synergies  with 
Serica’s  existing  operations.    The  Erskine,  Lomond  and  Columbus  assets  are  clearly 
inter-related and the transaction is significant for the Company  in view of our efforts to 
build  a  stronger  position  in  the  area  around  Columbus.  It  will  give  us  a  position  in  the 
nearby infrastructure and more closely align Serica with Chevron and BG as operators of 
Erskine  and  Lomond  respectively.  This  is  important  in  our  efforts  to  find  a  solution  to 
develop Columbus. 

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Columbus Development 

The main challenge for Serica in the UK during 2014 has been how to resolve the delay 
in the Columbus field development resulting from BG’s decision early in 2013 not to build 
the  Bridge  Linked  Platform  at  Lomond,  then  an  integral  part  of  our  plans  to  develop 
Columbus.  Technical  work  conducted  during  2014  has  considered  several  alternative 
offtake  routes  and  confirmed  that  Lomond  provides  the  easiest  and  most  cost  effective 
offtake route for Columbus. The acquisition of an interest in Erskine, which also uses the 
facilities  at  Lomond,  helps  us  with  this  process.  We  are  therefore  continuing  with  our 
efforts to seek a commercial solution which will provide an acceptable and proportionate 
commercial return to the Columbus partners whilst also providing the Lomond Operator 
with a reasonable return on its risk and investment. 

The Wood Report, commissioned by DECC, focuses wholly on the problems experienced 
by the operators of smaller fields to gain access to infrastructure on terms which provide 
sufficient  returns  for  the  field  partners.  Implementation  of  this  report,  the  findings  of 
which DECC have accepted in full, will be fundamental to ensuring that small discoveries 
are not left stranded in the North Sea, particularly at a time of uncertainty in the security 
of  energy  supplies.  Amongst  other  findings,  the  report  advocates  stronger  co-operation 
and  greater  alignment  between  North  Sea  operators  to  open  up  greater  sharing  of 
facilities.  

Our  efforts  to  gain  access  to  infrastructure  related  to  Columbus  are  wholly  in  line  with 
these  findings  of  the  Wood  Report  and  are  intended  to  lead  to  greater  co-operation  on 
infrastructure  sharing.  In  the  light  of  these  findings,  constructive  negotiations  have 
continued  with  the  Lomond  owner  who  has  provided  indicative  commercial  principles 
upon  which  they  are  prepared  to  negotiate  with  the  Columbus  owners  with  a  view  to 
reaching agreement on terms which are acceptable to both parties. 

Falling  oil  prices  in  the  second  half  of  2014  have  an  effect  on  the  Columbus  field 
economics, however more than two-thirds of the economic value of Columbus is derived 
from  gas  rather  than  condensate  sales  and  expected  reductions  in  field  development 
costs  will  have  an  offsetting  effect.  UK  gas  prices  have  remained  relatively  strong 
compared to condensate prices (which are strongly linked to oil prices). The oil price fall 
has to some extent also been offset by UK tax changes. From 1 January 2015, the rate 
of Supplementary Charge (SC) will be 20 per cent – a further reduction of 10 percentage 
points  in  addition  to  the  2  percentage  point  cut  announced  in  the  Chancellor’s  Autumn 
Statement. This reduces the headline rate of tax from 62% to 50%. 

The fall in oil prices has also led to reduced capital expenditure across the industry which 
in  turn  has  already  led  to  significant  cost  reductions  throughout  the  supply  chain.  In 
particular,  drilling  rig  costs  have  fallen  significantly  and  lower  rig  rates  will  lead  to 
significantly  lower  well  costs  for  Columbus.  Similarly,  it  is  expected  that  future 
development  capital  and  operating  costs  will  also  fall  which  should  also  assist  the  field 
economics.  Consequently,  given  the  complexities  and  the  many  moving  parts  involved, 
we  expect  negotiations  with  the  Lomond  owners  to  continue  throughout  2015.  The 
current  licence  expires  in  December  2015  and  discussions  have  commenced  with  DECC 
to extend this. 

Independent  consultant  Netherland,  Sewell  &  Associates,  Inc  (“NSAI”)  carried  out  a 
reserves  report  on  the  Columbus  field  for  the  end  of  2013.    This  report  estimated  that 
the gross Proved plus Probable Reserves of the field are 66.0 bcf of gas and 4.5 mmbbl 
of  liquids,  a  total  of  15.5  mmboe.  Serica  holds  a  50%  interest  in  those  Columbus 
reserves  lying  in  Block  23/16f.  After  providing  for  reserves  lying  in  the  adjacent  Block, 
NSAI estimates the Company’s share of proved and probable reserves in the field to be 
21.9 bcf of sales gas and 1.5 mmbbl of liquids, a net 5.2 mmboe to Serica. The directors 
of Serica believe  that in the current oil price environment, it is appropriate for these to 
now  be  properly  considered  as  Contingent  Resources  rather  than  the  previous 
categorisation as Reserves. In view of the re-classification and since no new information 
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relating  to  the  field  was  obtained  in  2014,  it  was  not  considered  cost  effective  or 
necessary to obtain an updated report at the end of 2014. 

Exploration 

Central North Sea: Block 22/19c 

Block  22/19c  is  located  approximately  20  kilometres  to  the  west  of  Serica’s  Columbus 
field. Following the farm-out of an 85% interest to JX Nippon in 2012, Serica has a 15% 
interest in the block and has a full carry on this licence up to and including the drilling of 
an exploration well.   

In 1H 2014 JX Nippon executed and completed an agreement with ENI for the latter to 
join the block as operator with a 50% interest.  

The  group  has  identified  significant  deep  High  Pressure  High  Temperature  (“HPHT”) 
potential  in  the  Jurassic  and  Triassic  and  ENI  bring  considerable  experience  in  HPHT 
technology. A site survey is expected to be acquired in 2016 in preparation for drilling an 
HPHT exploration well in 2017. 

A  Competent  Person’s  Report  (“CPR”)  conducted  by  NSAI  and  commissioned  by  Serica, 
has  assessed  the  highest  ranked  prospect,  Rowallan,  to  contain  between  a  P90  of 
40mmboe and a P10 of 243mmboe of unrisked prospective gross resources. 

Central North Sea: Block 15/21g and 15/21a (part) – Spaniards Appraisal 

Serica  has  a  21%  interest  in  the  amalgamated  area  of  Block  15/21g  and  Block  15/21a 
(part).  The  focus  of  the  2014  work  programme  was  to  mature  the  Spaniards  West 
prospect so that a decision can be made whether to drill another well or withdraw from 
the licence. This work has not resulted in an economically viable well proposal and so it 
is likely that Serica will exit this licence during 2015. 

Southern North Sea: Blocks 47/2b (Split), 47/3g (Split), 47/7 (Split) & 47/8d (Part) 

Serica  has  a  37.5%  interest  in  these  blocks  which  are  operated  by  Centrica.    These 
blocks are contiguous part blocks immediately adjacent to the producing York field, also 
operated by Centrica. 

A  number  of  gas  prospects,  including  a  possible  extension  to  the  York  field,  have  been 
identified  on  the  blocks  at  Leman  (Permian)  level  with  additional  leads  at  Namurian 
(Carboniferous)  level.  The  work  obligation,  comprising  a  3D  seismic  acquisition  survey 
and reprocessing of existing seismic data, has been completed. A drilling decision on one 
of the prospects will be made during 2015. 

East Irish Sea: Block 110/8b 

Serica has a 100% interest and operatorship of Block 110/8b.  Interpretation of existing 
data  has  been  completed  and  work  is  ongoing  to  complete  the  minor  outstanding  work 
programme commitments. 

East Irish Sea: Blocks 113/26b and 113/27c - Doyle Prospect 

In August 2014, following the receipt of the required approvals, the Company announced 
the  completion  of  the  agreement  with  Centrica,  through  Centrica’s  subsidiary 
Hydrocarbon  Resources  Limited  (“HRL”),  for  the  farm-out  of  UK  East  Irish  Sea  Blocks 
113/26b and 27c. Under the agreement, HRL acquired an operated 45% interest in the 
licence, while Serica has retained 20%, in consideration for HRL bearing Serica’s share of 
costs associated with the drilling of an exploration well up to a gross cap of £11 million. 
- 8 - 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A Triassic gas prospect, the Doyle prospect, lies in the north of Block  113/27c.  A  fault 
and dip closed structure; this prospect has been fully matured and is ready to drill.  The 
site  survey  has  been  completed  and  the  well  was  expected  to  be  drilled  in  early  2015. 
However,  the  Operator  of  the  block  has  now  chosen  not  to  drill  the  well  in  this 
timeframe. 

DECC  has  agreed  a  nine  month  extension  to  Licence  P1482  (to  the  end  of  December 
2015)  in  order  to  allow  the  partnership  to  present  a  clear  forward  plan  to  drill  the 
exploration well. 

East Irish Sea: Block 113/22a 

In  November  2013  Serica  was  awarded  a  traditional  licence  in  the  27th  Offshore 
Licensing Round, announced by DECC.  Block 113/22a in the East Irish Sea was awarded 
to a group in which Serica had a 35% operated interest. 

This  block  is  adjacent  to  Serica  Block  113/27c  and  the  farm-out  agreement  for  Blocks 
113/26b  and  113/27c  with  Centrica  noted  above,  extended  to  the  new  licence  offered. 
Following  the  completion  of  the  farm-out  in  August,  Serica  has  a  20%  interest  both  in 
the  Block  113/22a  and  in  Blocks  113/26b  &  27c.  The  other  participants  in  the  licence 
award are HRL 45% (and operator), MPX Limited 25% and Agora Limited (a subsidiary of 
Cairn Energy) 10%. 

The Doyle prospect in Block 113/27c is believed to extend into Block 113/22a. 

Ireland 

Frontier  Exploration  Licence  1/09:  Blocks  5/17,  5/18,  5/22,  5/23,  5/27,  and  5/28  - 
Muckish Prospects 

Serica holds a 100% working interest in six blocks in this licence covering a total area of 
993 square kilometres in the north-eastern part of the Rockall Basin off the west coast of 
Ireland. 

A large exploration gas condensate prospect, Muckish, has been fully delineated from 3D 
seismic  data  in  Blocks  5/22  and  5/23.  Muckish  is  analogous  to  the  nearby  Dooish  gas 
condensate discovery and provides material upside in a proven hydrocarbon basin.  The 
evaluation  of  3D  seismic  data  coverage  and  the  nearby  Dooish  gas-condensate 
discovery,  give  confidence  in  the  potential  of  the  prospect  which  covers  an  area  of 
approximately 30 square kilometres with over  600 metres of vertical closure in a water 
depth  of  1,450  metres.  The  NSAI  CPR  attributes  P50  unrisked  prospective  resources  of 
677bcf (with a range from a P90 of 155bcf to a P10 of 3.4tcf) to the Muckish prospect with 
a geological risk factor of 26%. 

It  is  Serica’s  intention  to  find  one  or  more  farm-in  partners  prior  to  entering  the  next 
phase of the licence which would involve committing to the drilling of an exploration well. 
A data room was open in 2014 but economic concerns driven largely by falling oil prices 
mean  that  a  farm-in  partner  has  not  yet  been  secured.  In  March  2015,  Serica  made  a 
request  to  the  Department  of  Communications,  Energy  and  Natural  Resource  for  a 
further  two  year  extension  to  the  first  phase  of  the  licence  in  order  to  allow  time  to 
complete the farm-out process. At the same time Serica also submitted a relinquishment 
proposal, retaining 39% of the licence area around the key prospect. Post relinquishment 
the licence will cover 364 square kilometres thus reducing the licence fees significantly. 

- 9 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Frontier  Exploration  Licence  4/13  -  Blocks  11/10,  11/15,  12/1(part),  12/6  and 
12/11(part) - Midleton and Derryveagh Prospects 

In  December  2013,  following  the  initial  two  year  period  of  the  licence  award,  Serica 
converted  Licence  Option  11/01,  also  located  in  the  Rockall  Basin,  into  a  full  Frontier 
Exploration  Licence  (“FEL”).  Following  a  mandatory  25%  relinquishment  at  the  time  of 
the option conversion into FEL 4/13, the three blocks and two part blocks now cover an 
area of approximately 925 square kilometres. 

The  area  covered  by  the  licence  contains  two  pre-Cretaceous  fault  block  prospects, 
Midleton and West Midleton which are analogous to the proven gas-condensate bearing 
Dooish  discovery  lying  immediately  to  the  east.  These  complement  and  provide 
additional  diversity  to  the  Muckish  prospect  lying  in  Serica’s  acreage  just  to  the  north 
east  and  the  award  will  enable  a  comprehensive  exploration  programme  covering  the 
Muckish and Midleton prospects.  

2D and 3D seismic reprocessing work and other geological studies have firmed up these 
pre-Cretaceous prospects and have also identified the Derryveagh Prospect, a deepwater 
fan  supported  by  a  seismic  anomaly.  The  Derryveagh  prospect  overlies  the  Midleton 
prospect and so could be penetrated by a single dual objective well. 

Frontier Exploration Licence 01/06: Blocks 27/4 (part), 27/5 (part) and 27/9 (part) - 
Liffey & Boyne Prospects 

Licence  FEL  1/06  covers  an  area  of  approximately  305  square  kilometres  in  the  Slyne 
Basin  off  the  west  coast  of  Ireland.  Serica  (operator)  holds  a  50%  interest  in  three 
blocks which lie some 40 kilometres south of the Corrib discovery, which has reserves of 
approximately 800 bcf of gas.  

In  2009  Serica  drilled  a  well  (Bandon)  on  the  blocks  and  found  a  new  oil  play  in  a 
shallow high quality Jurassic reservoir, the Bandon discovery. Deeper prospects, such as 
the  Boyne  and  Liffey  prospects,  have  been  identified  with  the  potential  for  commercial 
accumulations.  

The Company, in partnership with RWE, has launched a farm-out campaign to follow up 
on  the  2009  Bandon  oil  discovery  made  by  Serica.  Subject  to  identifying  a  suitable 
partner or partners a well is targeted to be drilled on the Boyne prospect in 2016. 

The Irish authorities commissioned a Wood Mackenzie report into the fiscal regime; the 
results  of  the  review  were  announced  on  18  June  2014.  This  was  considered  to  have  a 
delaying effect on the farm-out market as companies awaited its recommendations. The 
recommendations  to  increase  the  maximum  rate  of  tax  applying  to  new  licences  from 
40% to 55%, importantly do not apply to existing licences (such as 01/06).   

NSAI  in  their  CPR  attribute  P50  gross  unrisked  prospective  resources  (for  the  combined 
Jurassic and Triassic objectives in Boyne and Liffey) of 215mmboe (with a range from a 
P90 of 56mmboe to a P10 of 824mmboe).    

Namibia 

Luderitz Basin: Blocks 2512A, 2513A, 2513B and 2612A (part) 

Serica  has  an  85%  interest  in  a  Petroleum  Agreement  covering  Blocks  2512A,  2513A, 
2513B and 2612A (part) in the Luderitz Basin, offshore Namibia in partnership with The 
National  Petroleum  Corporation  of  Namibia  (Pty)  Limited  (“NAMCOR”)  and  Indigenous 
Energy (Pty) Limited.  The blocks lie in the centre of the basin and cover a total area of 
approximately 17,400 square kilometres. 

- 10 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
     
Interpretation  of  the  4,180  square  kilometre  2012  3D  seismic  survey  undertaken  by 
Serica helped delineate the size and nature of Prospect B, one of three large structures 
identified  on  the  licence  at  Lower  Cretaceous  (Barremian)  level,  and  to  examine 
prospectivity at shallower levels. 

The  results  of  this  work  confirmed  Prospect  B  as  having  the  clear  characteristics  of  a 
large carbonate platform extending over 700 square kilometres with a vertical closure of 
up  to  300  metres.  The  expectation  of  a  predominantly  carbonate  structure  has  been 
reinforced by third party drilling elsewhere in Namibia which has proven the presence of 
large structures with associated carbonate build-up at Lower Cretaceous level. 

An  independent  assessment  of  the  unrisked  prospective  resources  contained  in  our 
Namibian  licence  has  been  performed  by  NSAI  and  covers  prospects  which  have  been 
mapped  from  early  2D  seismic  as  well  as  the  highly  detailed  3D.    This  CPR  recognises 
the  multi-prospect  nature  of  the  licence  and  gives  a  combined  best  estimate  of  gross 
unrisked prospective oil resources associated with 7 prospects and 2 leads identified on 
licence  of  2,297  million  barrels  and  437  million  barrels  respectively.  It  also  states  that 
Prospect  B  at  the  primary  Barremian  level  alone  contains  P50  unrisked  prospective 
recoverable oil resources of 623 million barrels (with a P90 to P10 range of 138 million to 
2.81 billion barrels). The report gives a geological risk factor of 16%.  

In 1H 2014 Serica commenced a farm-out process to attract one or more new partners 
to  enter  the  Joint  Venture  arrangement.  However  the  farm-out  market  in  Namibia  has 
been  extremely  challenging  due  to  the  fall  in  oil  price  and  also  due  to  the  negative 
market sentiment caused by the lack of commercial success encountered in recent wells 
drilled by other operators in Namibia. These wells have all been in different basins from 
the Serica acreage and have limited geological significance for our prospects. 

In  September  2014,  the  Ministry  of  Mines  and  Energy  granted  Serica  a  one  year 
extension  to  the  licence  in  order  to  allow  more  time  to  complete  the  farm-out  process 
and secure a partner to commit to an exploration well on the licence. If a farm-in partner 
has not been secured by Q4 2015 then a further extension to the licence may be sought. 

Morocco 

Sidi Moussa and Foum Draa Petroleum Agreements  

Serica  holds  licence  interests  in  the  Sidi  Moussa  and  adjacent  Foum  Draa  Petroleum 
Agreements  offshore  Morocco.    The  blocks  cover  a  total  area  of  approximately  8,375 
square  kilometres  in  the  sparsely  explored  Tarfaya-Ifni  Basin  and  extend  from  the 
Moroccan  coastline  into  water  depths  reaching  a  maximum  of  2,000  metres.  The 
Tarfaya-Ifni  Basin  is  geologically  analogous  to  the  oil  producing  salt  basins  of  West 
Africa. Under the terms of the licence agreements the participants are required to carry 
the State oil company ONHYM for a 25% interest through the exploration and appraisal 
phase.  Both  licences  are  currently  in  the  First  Extension  Period,  which  entailed  the 
drilling of a commitment well in each block.  

Sidi Moussa 
Serica  has  a  5%  working  interest  in  the  Sidi  Moussa  licence  and  cost  exposure  is 
considerably  limited  under  a  farm-out  agreement  whereby  the  operator  Genel  carried 
Serica’s retained 5% working interest and the associated share of the state oil company 
interest  for  the  first  US$50million  of  gross  well  costs.  The  rig  Noble  Paul  Romano  was 
contracted by Genel and the SM-1 well spudded on 30th July 2014 to evaluate the Nour 
prospect.    The  well  was  drilled  to  a  total  depth  of  2,825  metres  and  encountered  oil in 
fractured  and  brecciated  cavernous  Upper  Jurassic  carbonates.  During  the  course  of 
drilling and well control operations, 26 degree  API  oil was produced to surface with the 
drilling fluids. A subsequent testing programme confirmed the presence of oil but it was 
not  possible  to  achieve  all  of  the  objectives  of  the  testing  programme,  most  likely  as  a 
- 11 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
consequence  of the  significant reservoir damage suffered during the  earlier well control 
operations. 

The  forward  work  programme  is  to  complete  the  interpretation  of  the  well  data  and  to 
integrate  the  results  with  existing  subsurface  models.  This  programme  is  being 
completed in a cost-effective manner and will result in a decision on whether to continue 
in this licence, by Q3 2015.    

Foum Draa 
Following  a  farm-out  to  Cairn  Energy,  Serica  has  an  8.33%  interest  in  the  Foum  Draa 
licence  and  in  late  2013  the  FD-1  well  was  drilled.  Although  commercial  hydrocarbons 
and  clastic  reservoir  rocks  were  not  found,  gas  shows  were  encountered  indicating  an 
active thermogenic petroleum system. The well was plugged and abandoned. Under the 
terms  of  the  2012  farm  out  agreement  Serica  was  carried  by  Cairn  for  its  share  of 
drilling costs up to a gross well cost of US$60 million. 

The  group  is  now  evaluating  the  valuable  data  recovered  from  the  well  and  will  soon 
agree on a forward plan for the licence. It is likely that Serica will exit this licence. 

Norway 

Serica has an economic interest in the development of the Vette (formerly  Bream) field 
and  is  due  a  payment  (related  to  oil  price)  at  first  production.  In  their  2014  Annual 
Report,  the  Operator,  Premier,  stated  that  FEED  work  on  the  Vette  FPSO  development 
was  successfully  completed  during  2014.  However,  following  the  sharp  reduction  in  the 
oil price, they have chosen to defer the final investment decision until the end of 2015, 
enabling re-engagement with the supply chain with the aim of negotiating lower costs for 
the project. 

- 12 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
LICENCE HOLDINGS 

The following table summarises the Company's licences as at 31 December 2014. 

Block(s)  

Description 

Role 

% at 
31/12/14 

Location 

UK 
15/21g  
15/21a (part) 
22/19c 
23/16f  

47/2b (split) 
47/3g (split) 
47/7 (split) 
47/8d (part) 
110/8b 
113/26b 
113/27c 
113/22a 
Ireland 
27/4 (part) 
27/5 (part) 
27/9 (part) 
5/17 
5/18 
5/22 
5/23 
5/27 
5/28 
11/10 
11/15 
12/1 (part) 
12/6 
12/11 (part) 
Namibia 
2512A 
2513A 
2513B 
2612A (part) 
Morocco 
Foum Draa 
Sidi Moussa 

Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Columbus Field - 
Development planned 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 

Non-operator 
Non-operator 
Non-operator  
Operator 

Non-operator 
Non-operator 
Non-operator 
Non-operator 
Operator 
Non-operator 
Non-operator 
Non-operator 

Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 

Exploration  
Exploration  
Exploration  
Exploration  

Exploration 
Exploration 

Operator 
Operator 
Operator 
Operator 
Operator 
Operator 
Operator 
Operator 
Operator 
Operator 
Operator 
Operator 
Operator 
Operator 

Operator 
Operator 
Operator 
Operator 

21% 
21% 
15%  
50% 

37.5% 
37.5% 
37.5% 
37.5% 
100% 
20%  
20%  
20%  

50% 
50% 
50% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 
100% 

85%  
85%  
85%  
85%  

Central North Sea 
Central North Sea 
Central North Sea 
Central North Sea 

Southern North Sea 
Southern North Sea 
Southern North Sea 
Southern North Sea 
East Irish Sea 
East Irish Sea 
East Irish Sea 
East Irish Sea 

Slyne Basin  
Slyne Basin  
Slyne Basin  
Rockall Basin 
Rockall Basin 
Rockall Basin 
Rockall Basin 
Rockall Basin 
Rockall Basin 
Rockall Basin 
Rockall Basin 
Rockall Basin 
Rockall Basin 
Rockall Basin 

Luderitz Basin 
Luderitz Basin 
Luderitz Basin 
Luderitz Basin 

Non-operator 
Non-operator 

8.3333%   Tarfaya-Ifni Basin 
Tarfaya-Ifni Basin 

5%  

- 13 - 

 
 
 
 
 
        
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
GLOSSARY 

bbl 
bcf 
boe  

DECC 
FEED 
FPSO 
HPHT 
mscf 
mmbbl 
mmboe 
mmscf 
mmscfd 
P10 

P50 

P90 

Proved 
Reserves 

Probable 
Reserves 

Possible 
Reserves 

Reserves 

Contingent 
Resources 

Prospective 
Resources 

TAC 
tcf 

barrel of 42 US gallons 
billion standard cubic feet 
barrels of oil equivalent (barrels of oil, condensate and LPG plus the 
heating equivalent of gas converted into barrels at a rate of 6,000 
standard cubic feet per barrel) 
Department of Energy & Climate Change 
Front End Engineering Design 
Floating, production, storage and offloading unit 
High pressure high temperature 
thousand standard cubic feet 
million barrels 
million barrels of oil equivalent 
million standard cubic feet 
million standard cubic feet per day 
A high estimate that there should be at least a 10% probability that the 
quantities recovered will actually equal or exceed the estimate 
A best estimate that there should be at least a 50% probability that the 
quantities recovered will actually equal or exceed the estimate 
A low estimate that there should be at least a 90% probability that the 
quantities recovered will actually equal or exceed the estimate 
Proved reserves are those Reserves that can be estimated with a high 
degree of certainty to be recoverable. It is likely that the actual 
remaining quantities recovered will exceed the estimated proved 
reserves. 
Probable reserves are those additional Reserves that are less certain to 
be recovered than proved reserves. It is equally likely that the actual 
remaining quantities recovered will be greater or less than the sum of the 
estimated proved + probable reserves. 
Possible reserves are those additional Reserves that are less certain to be 
recovered than probable reserves. It is unlikely that the actual remaining 
quantities recovered will exceed the sum of the estimated proved + 
probable + possible reserves 
Estimates of discovered recoverable commercial hydrocarbon reserves 
calculated in accordance with the Canadian National Instrument 51-101   
Estimates of discovered recoverable hydrocarbon resources for which 
commercial production is not yet assured, calculated in accordance with 
the Canadian National Instrument 51-101 
Estimates of the potential recoverable hydrocarbon resources attributable 
to undrilled prospects, calculated in accordance with the Canadian 
National Instrument 51-101 
Technical Assistance Contract 
trillion standard cubic feet 

- 14 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
FINANCIAL REVIEW 

The  Group  entered  2014  having  recently  completed  a  financing  providing  additional 
funding  ready  for  the  Group’s  exploration  programme  from  1H  2014  and  to  support 
further business growth. 

The  completion  of  the  Erskine  acquisition  is  expected  imminently  and  will  bring  a 
significant  new  revenue  stream  comprising  sales  of  oil,  gas  and  other  liquids.  This 
transaction is covered in more detail below.  

Results from operations 

Following  the  cessation  of  production  and  the  decommissioning  of  the  Kambuna  field 
facilities  in the  second  half  of  2013,  the  financial  results  of  the  Kambuna  field  business 
segment  are  disclosed  within  ‘discontinued  operations’  in  the  financial  statements  and 
separate from the results of the retained core business segments. A high level summary 
of  the  income  statement  results  for  continuing  and  discontinued  operations  is  given 
below. 

Income statement – continuing operations 

The Company generated a loss before tax from continuing operations of US$35.6 million 
for  2014  compared  to  a  loss  before  tax  of  US$5.1  million  for  2013.  The  significant 
increase in loss for the year is due to the impairment charge of US$30.0 million against 
certain exploration and evaluation (‘E&E’) assets noted below. 

The  aggregate  E&E  asset  impairment  charge  in  2014  is  largely  comprised  from  asset 
write  offs  from  the  Sidi  Moussa  (US$7.4  million)  and  Foum  Draa  (US$5.0  million) 
licences  in  Morocco,  and  a  US$17.5  million  pre-tax  impairment  recorded  against  E&E 
assets related to the Columbus field asset.  

Management  currently  sees  limited  prospectivity  on  the  Foum  Draa  block  and  given  it 
will not be funding any significant work on the licence has writen off the costs incurred. 
Whilst interpretation of the Sidi Moussa well data is ongoing, there are no plans to fund 
significant future expenditure on this block and the costs have also been written off. The 
partial  impairment  recorded  against  Columbus  book  amounts  has  arisen  from  revised 
economic  evaluations,  the  primary  factor  being  the  use  of  lower  hydrocarbon  prices  in 
management’s estimation of future discounted cash flows of the asset.  

Other minor asset write offs in 2014 and 2013 included costs from relinquished licences 
and obsolete inventory amounts.  

Pre-licence expenditure of US$0.5 million for 2014 was slightly increased from the 2013 
charge  of  US$0.3  million.  Pre-licence  costs  included  direct  costs  and  allocated  general 
administrative  costs  incurred  on  oil  and  gas  activities  prior  to  the  award  of  licences, 
concessions or exploration rights. 

Administrative  expenses  of  US$4.3  million  for  2014  decreased  from  US$4.5  million  for 
2013.  The  Company  has  worked  to  reduce  overhead  in  recent  years  which  gave  an 
underlying benefit in 2014 despite an adverse impact on US$ charges from the £ sterling 
exchange  rate  in  2014  against  2013.  Following  the  recent  severe  drop  in  oil  prices  and 
consequent  impact  upon  the  financial  resources  available  to  companies  such  as  Serica, 
management  has  reviewed  all  of  its  expenditure  commitments  and  reduced  its 
personnel, office and other costs substantially effective 1H 2015. 

Income statement - discontinued operations 

Serica  generated  a  loss  from  discontinued  operations  of  US$0.5  million  for  the  year 
ended  31  December  2014  (2013:  profit  of  US$0.1  million)  arising  from  its  previously 
- 15 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
held  25%  interest  in  the  Kambuna  field.  Field  production  ceased  in  July  2013,  the 
facilities  were  decommissioned  in  2H  2013  and  the  Glagah  Kambuna  TAC  was  formally 
terminated in December 2013. The loss for 2014 comprised a final assessment for asset 
write offs and minor operator expense as residual matters are closed out.  

Balance Sheet  

During  2014,  the  total  carrying  value  of  investments  in  E&E  assets  decreased  by 
US$16.8 million from US$74.6 million to US$57.8 million. This decrease consisted of the 
significant impairment charge noted above  of US$30.0 million from the Columbus asset 
in  the  UK  (US$17.5  million)  and  asset  write-offs  in  Morocco  (US$12.4  million)  and  UK 
(US$0.1 million), offset by US$13.2 million of additions in the year.  

The more significant exploration costs in the year were incurred on the following assets: 

In  Africa,  US$7.3  million  was  capitalised  on  the  Sidi  Moussa  licence  in  Morocco  (largely 
consisting of dry hole expenditure, above a capped carry,  and subsequent testing costs 
of  the  SM-1  well  drilled  in  2H  2014)  and  US$2.1  million  was  capitalised  on  the  Foum 
Draa  licence  in  Morocco  (largely  consisting  on  the  costs  of  the  FD-1  well  drilled  in  Q4 
2013  where  operations  continued  into  January  2014).  A  further  US$1.4  million  was 
incurred in respect of the Luderitz basin licence interests in Namibia.  

In  the  UK,  US$0.6  million  was  incurred  on  the  Greater  York  interests  in  the  Southern 
North  Sea,  Columbus  development  and  other  exploration  licences.  In  Ireland,  US$0.8 
million  was  incurred  on  exploration  work  on  the  Rockall licences  and  US$0.3  million  on 
the Slyne interest.  

Long-term other receivables of US$0.2 million are represented by the final amounts from 
Kambuna operations that are expected to be recovered from the Indonesian authorities.  

Trade and other receivables at 31 December 2014 totalled US$2.4 million, a decrease of 
US$1.5 million from the 2013 balance of US$3.9 million. The fall is mainly attributable to 
the  recovery  during  the  period  of  Indonesian  trade  debtors  and  a  drop  in  Kambuna  JV 
partner recoverables as activity on the asset closed out. 

Cash and cash equivalents decreased from US$26.1 million to US$9.9 million during the 
year. The most significant cash outflows on E&E assets were incurred in Morocco on the 
2H 2014 SM-1 well (US$5.3 million) and settlement of the  final costs  of the 2013 FD-1 
exploration  well  (US$3.5  million).  Other  costs  included  work  across  the  portfolio  in 
Namibia, the UK & Ireland, together with new venture Erskine acquisition costs, ongoing 
administrative costs and corporate activity. 

Trade  and  other  payables  totalled  US$4.0  million  at  31  December  2014  and  include 
US$2.0 million from the Sidi Moussa well drilled in Morocco in 2H 2014. This is  reduced 
from  the  2013  year-end  balance  of  US$4.4  million  which  included  US$1.7  million  of 
liabilities  from  the  Foum  Draa  well  drilling  in  Morocco  and  US$1.1  million  from  the 
Kambuna field operations and decommissioning.  

Erskine acquisition 

The Company  expects to complete imminently the acquisition of an 18% interest in UK 
blocks 23/26a (Area B) and 23/26b (Area B) containing the Erskine Field, from BP.  

Under  the  terms  of  the  transaction,  the  base  cash  consideration  to  BP  amounts  to 
US$11.1 million in cash plus 13.5 million Serica new Ordinary Shares (the “Consideration 
Shares”),  a  reduced  number  of  shares  due  to  the  impact  of  certain  interim  period 
adjustments.  25%  of  the  cash  consideration  will  be  settled  at  completion  with  the 
remaining 75% payable in three equal tranches on 1 July 2016, 1 July 2017 and 1 July 
2018 respectively. 

- 16 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The net cash of US$9 million to be received by Serica at completion will result from the 
impact  of  certain  working  capital  and  interim  period  adjustments  between  1  January 
2014,  the  Effective  Date  of  the  transaction,  and  the  completion  date.  This  cash  will  be 
available to cover certain operational liabilities as they fall due. 

The Consideration Shares to be allotted to BP on completion of the transaction will rank 
pari passu with existing Serica Ordinary Shares. BP has agreed to hold the shares as an 
investment  for  a  period  not  less  than  one  year  with  any  subsequent  sales  subject  to 
standard orderly market provisions.  

The transaction provides Serica with an immediate and long term cash flow stream. Net 
production  for  the  year  2014  accruing  to  the  interest  acquired  was  317,000  boe  given 
significant periods of shutdown to meet planned maintenance programmes.  

Provision for decommissioning at the end of field life has been provided for on the basis 
that  Serica’s  estimate  of  decommissioning  costs  relating  to  the  asset  acquired  will  be 
met  by  BP,  on  an  inflation  adjusted  basis,  with  Serica  being  responsible  for  any  costs 
above this level. The terms of the Sale and Purchase Agreement also provide for certain 
future  contingent  payments  to  be  made  by  Serica  in  the  event  that  operating  costs  for 
the field fall below current projections.  

The transaction is tax efficient for Serica, accelerating recovery  of both past and future 
tax  losses  in  the  UK,  and  is  in  line  with  Serica's  strategy  to  unlock  the  value  of  its 
existing assets and build a platform from which it can generate future growth. 

The Erskine Field is a producing gas and gas condensate field operated by Chevron and 
is estimated by the Company to have remaining reserves net to the interest acquired of 
approximately  3.6  mmboe,  effective  1  January  2014.  Fluids  from  the  field  are 
transported from the  Erskine platform (a normally unmanned wellhead platform) to the 
BG-operated  Lomond  platform  where  they  are  processed  and  gas  is  delivered  via  the 
CATS pipeline system to the terminal at Teeside. Up to 60% of the gas is purchased by 
SSE on formula contract prices and the balance is sold in the market at spot prices. The 
condensate  separated  at  the  Lomond  platform  is  delivered  via  the  Forties  pipeline  to 
Cruden Bay.  

The  field  recommenced  production  in  late  May  2015  following  an  extended  period  of 
shut-in for maintenance.  

Cash balances and future commitments 

Current cash position, capital expenditure commitments and other obligations 

At  31  December  2014,  the  Group  held  cash  and  cash  equivalents  of  US$9.9  million. 
Following the completion of the Erskine interest acquisition in early June 2015, cash and 
cash equivalents held are expected to increase to US$14.5 million, after the cash receipt 
by Serica under the final SPA terms for settlement. 

Erskine field commitments 
Net  revenues  from  the  Erskine  field  are  expected  to  assist  Serica  in  building  its  cash 
resources over the coming months and years. The Group will have obligations to pay to 
BP  the  three  remaining  25%  tranches  of  US$2.775  million  (excluding  interest)  cash 
consideration on 1 July 2016, 1 July 2017 and 1 July 2018 respectively. In addition the 
Group  is  likely  to  fund  further  significant  expenditure  later  in  2015  for  its  share  of 
remedial and upgrade work on the Lomond processing facilities. 

Management  believe  these  are  sufficient  resources  to  meet  the  current  committed 
programme for 2015 and 2016 but remains conscious that a single field income stream 
exposes it to operational and infrastructure risks and the consequent need for adequate 
- 17 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
working  capital  to  cover  associated  fluctuations  in  revenue.  The  field  has  a  history  of 
intermittent  production  performance  and  operational  expenditure  continues  during 
periods of field shut-down when no revenue is earned.  

Non-Erskine commitments 
The Group has no significant exploration commitments. The two exploration commitment 
wells  on  the  Morocco  licences  have  now  been  drilled.  On  the  Company’s  Namibian 
licence,  the  value  of  work  performed  to  date  by  the  JV  partners  on  the  3D  Seismic 
acquisition programme has exceeded the minimum obligation expenditure on exploration 
work of US$15.0 million covering the entire initial four-year period of the licence, ending 
in December 2015.  

In the UK East Irish Sea, the Group’s carry on the exploration well on the Doyle prospect 
is  subject  to  a  cap  although  no  overrun  is  currently  forecast.  The  Group  has  no 
significant commitments on its other exploration licences.  

The  Company  will  continue  to  give  priority  to  the  careful  management  of  existing 
financial  resources.  Although  a  key  objective  for  the  Group  is  to  get  the  Columbus 
development back on track, the Group would seek to use alternative means of finance to 
fund its share of development costs. 

Other  

Asset values and Impairment 

At  31  December  2014  Serica’s  market  capitalisation  stood  at  US$19.4  million  (£12.5 
million),  based  upon  a  share  price  of  £0.0499,  which  was  exceeded  by  the  net  asset 
value  at  that  date  of  US$66.3  million.  By  28  May  2015  the  Company’s  market 
capitalisation  had  decreased  to  US$18.0  million.  Management  conducted  a  thorough 
review  of  the  carrying  value  of  the  Group’s  assets  and  determined  that  no  significant 
write-downs were required other than those noted above.  

- 18 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Business Risk and Uncertainties 

Serica, like all companies in the oil and gas industry, operates in an environment subject 
to  inherent  risks  and  uncertainties.  The  Board  regularly  considers  the  principal  risks  to 
which the Company is exposed and monitors any agreed mitigating actions. The overall 
strategy  for  the  protection  of  shareholder  value  against  these  risks  is  to  retain  a  broad 
portfolio of assets with varied risk/reward profiles, to apply prudent industry practice in 
all  operations,  to  carry  insurance  where  available  and  cost  effective,  and  to  retain 
adequate working capital. 

The  principal  risks  currently  recognised  and  the  mitigating  actions  taken  by  the 
management are as follows: 

Investment Returns: Management seeks to raise funds and then to generate 
shareholder returns though investment in a portfolio of exploration acreage leading to 
the drilling of wells and discovery of commercial reserves. Delivery of this business 
model carries a number of key risks.  
Risk 

Mitigation 

Market support may be eroded  
obstructing fundraising and lowering the 
share price 

  Management regularly 

communicates its strategy to 
shareholders 

General market conditions may fluctuate 
hindering delivery of the Company’s 
business plan 
Management’s decisions on capital 
allocation may not deliver the expected 
successful outcomes 

Each asset carries its own risk profile and 
no outcome can be certain 

  Focus is placed on building an asset 

portfolio capable of delivering 
regular news flow and offering 
continuing prospectivity 
  Management aims to retain 

adequate working capital to ride out 
downturns should they arise 

  Rigorous analysis is conducted of all 

investment proposals  

  Operations are spread over a range 

of areas and risk profiles 

  Management aims to avoid over-

exposure to individual assets and to 
identify the associated risks 
objectively 

Operations: Operations may not go according to plan leading to damage, pollution, 
cost overruns or poor outcomes. 
Risk 
Individual wells may not deliver 
recoverable oil and gas reserves 

  Thorough pre-drill evaluations are 

Mitigation 

conducted to identify the 
risk/reward balance 

Wells may blow out or equipment may fail 
causing environmental damage and delays 

Operations may take far longer or cost 
more  than expected 

  Exposure is selectively mitigated 

through farm-out 

  The Group retains fully trained and 

experienced personnel 

  The planning process involves risk 
identification and establishment of 
mitigation measures  

  Emphasis is placed on engaging 

experienced contractors 

  Appropriate insurances are retained 
  Management applies rigorous 

budget control 

  Adequate working capital is retained 
to cover reasonable eventualities 

Production may be interrupted generating 

  Business interruption cover will be 

- 19 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
significant revenue loss 
Resource estimates may be misleading and 
exceed actual reserves recovered 

considered when appropriate 

  The Group deploys qualified 

personnel  

  Regular third-party reports are 

commissioned 

  A prudent range of possible 

outcomes are considered within the 
planning process 

Personnel: The company relies upon a pool of experienced and motivated personnel to 
identify and execute successful investment strategies 
Risks 
Key personnel may be lost to other 
companies 

  The Remuneration Committee 

Mitigation 

regularly evaluates incentivisation 
schemes to ensure they remain 
competitive 

Personal safety may be at risk in 
demanding operating environments, 
typically offshore 

Staff and representatives may find 
themselves exposed to bribery and corrupt 
practices 

  The Company seeks to build depth 
of experience in all key functions to 
ensure continuity 

  A culture of safety is encouraged 
throughout the organisation 

  Responsible personnel are 

designated at all appropriate levels 

  The Group maintains up-to-date 

 

emergency response resources and 
procedures 
Insurance cover is carried in 
accordance with industry best 
practice 

  Company policies and procedures 
are communicated to personnel 
regularly 

  Management reviews all significant 
contracts and relationships with 
agents and governments 

Commercial environment: World and regional markets continue to be volatile with 
fluctuations  and infrastructure access issues that might hinder the company’s business 
success 
 Risk 
Volatile commodity prices mean that the 
company cannot be certain of the future 
sales value of its products 

  Price mitigation strategies may be 
employed at the point of major 
capital commitment 

Mitigation 

  Gas may be sold under long-term 
contracts reducing exposure to 
short term fluctuations   

  Oil and gas price hedging contracts 

may be utilised where viable  
  Budget planning considers a range 

of commodity pricing 

  A range of different off-take options 
are pursued wherever possible  

  Serica seeks to build and maintain 
strong banking relationships and   
initiates funding discussions at as 
early a stage as practicable   
  Operations are currently spread 

- 20 - 

The Company may not be able to get 
access, at reasonable cost, to 
infrastructure and product markets when 
required 
Credit to support field development 
programmes may not be available at 
reasonable cost 

Fiscal regimes may vary, increasing 

 
 
 
 
effective tax rates and reducing the 
expected value of reserves 

over a range of different fiscal 
regimes in Western Europe and 
Africa 

  Before committing to a significant 
investment the likelihood of fiscal 
term changes is considered when 
evaluating the risk/reward balance 

In  addition  to  the  principal  risks  and  uncertainties  described  herein,  the  Company  is 
subject  to  a  number  of  other  risk  factors  generally,  a  description  of  which  is  set  out  in 
our latest annual information form available on www.sedar.com. 

Key Performance Indicators (“KPIs”) 

The  Company’s  main  business  is  the  acquisition  of  interests  in  prospective  exploration 
acreage,  the  discovery  of  hydrocarbons  in  commercial  quantities  and  the  crystallisation 
of  value  whether  through  production  or  disposal  of  reserves.  The  Company  tracks  its 
non-financial  performance  through  the  accumulation  of  licence  interests  in  proven  and 
prospective  hydrocarbon  producing  regions,  the  level  of  success  in  encountering 
hydrocarbons  and  the  development  of  production  facilities.  In  parallel,  the  Company 
tracks  its  financial  performance  through  management  of  expenditures  within  resources 
available,  the  cost-effective  exploitation  of  reserves  and  the  crystallisation  of  value  at 
the optimum point. A review of the Company’s progress against these KPIs is covered in 
the operations and financial review within this Strategic Report. 

Additional Information 

Additional  information  relating  to  Serica,  can  be  found  on  the  Company’s  website  at 
www.serica-energy.com and on SEDAR at www.sedar.com 

The Strategic Report has been approved by the Board of Directors. 

On behalf of the Board 
Christopher Hearne 
Finance Director 

29 May 2015 

Forward Looking Statements 

This  disclosure  contains  certain  forward  looking  statements  that  involve  substantial 
known  and  unknown  risks  and  uncertainties,  some  of  which  are  beyond  Serica  Energy 
plc’s control, including: the impact of general economic conditions where Serica Energy 
plc operates, industry conditions, changes in laws and regulations including the adoption 
of new environmental laws and regulations and changes in how they are interpreted and 
enforced,  increased  competition,  the  lack  of  availability  of  qualified  personnel  or 
management,  fluctuations  in  foreign  exchange  or  interest  rates,  stock  market  volatility 
and market valuations of companies with respect to announced transactions and the final 
valuations  thereof,  and  obtaining  required  approvals  of  regulatory  authorities.    Serica 
Energy  plc’s  actual  results,  performance  or  achievement  could  differ  materially  from 
those expressed in, or implied by, these forward looking statements and, accordingly, no 
assurances  can  be  given  that  any  of  the  events  anticipated  by  the  forward  looking 
statements will transpire or  occur, or if any of them do so, what benefits, including the 
amount of proceeds, that Serica Energy plc will derive therefrom. 

- 21 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
DIRECTORS’ REPORT  

The Directors of the Company present their report and the Group financial statements of 
Serica Energy plc (“Serica” or the “Company”) for the year ended 31 December 2014. 

Principal Activities  

The principal activity of the Company and its subsidiary undertakings (the “Group”) is to 
identify,  acquire,  explore  and  subsequently  exploit  oil  and  gas  reserves.  Its  current 
activities are located in the United Kingdom, Ireland, Namibia and Morocco. 

Business Review and Future Developments  

A review  of the business and the  future developments  of the Group is presented in the 
Strategic Report (including a Review of Operations and Financial Review) and Chairman’s 
Statement  (all  of  which,  together  with  the  Corporate  Governance  Statement,  are 
incorporated by reference into this Directors’ Report). 

Results and Dividends 

The loss for the year was US$36,076,000 (2013: loss US$5,008,000). 

The Directors do not recommend the payment of a dividend (2013: US$nil). 

Financial Instruments 

The Group’s financial risk management objectives and policies are discussed in note 22. 

Events Since Balance Sheet Date 

Events since the balance sheet date are included in note 29. 

Directors and their Interests 

The following Directors have held office in the Company since 1 January 2014: 

Antony Craven Walker 
Christopher Hearne 
Neil Pike 
Mitchell Flegg 
Ian Vann 
Steven Theede 
Jeffrey Harris 

The Directors who held office at the end of the financial year had the following interests 
in the ordinary shares of the Company according to the register of Directors’ interests: 

Antony Craven Walker (1) 
Christopher Hearne 
Mitchell Flegg 
Neil Pike (2) 
Ian Vann 
Steven Theede 
Jeffrey Harris (3) 

Class 
 of 
share 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 

Interest at 
end of year 

Interest at 
start of year  

7,829,916 
1,135,986 
385,833 
505,000 
267,935 
749,485 
46,090,576 

7,829,916 
1,051,613 
301,463 
505,000 
267,935 
749,485 
46,090,576 

- 22 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
1. 4,207,078 ordinary shares were held by Antony Craven Walker, 2,241,732 ordinary shares were 
held by Christine Elizabeth Walker and 1,381,106 by Rathbones (pension funds). 

2.  190,000  ordinary  shares  are  held  by  Romayne  Pike  and  185,000  ordinary  shares  by  Luska 
Limited. 

3. 46,090,576 ordinary shares are held by GRG UK Oil LLC who are represented on the Board by 
Jeffrey Harris. 

None of the Directors who held office at the end of the financial year had any disclosable 
interest in the shares of other Group companies. 

No rights to subscribe for shares in or debentures of  Group companies were granted to 
any  of  the  Directors  or  their  immediate  families,  or  exercised  by  them,  during  the 
financial year except as indicated below: 

The Directors are interested in share options held by them pursuant to the terms of the 
Serica  Energy  Corporation  option  plan  (a  summary  of  which  is  set  out  in  note  25)  as 
follows: 

C Hearne 

1/1/14  Granted 

600,000 
100,000 

- 
- 

Expired  31/12/14 
600,000 
100,000 

- 
- 

Exercise 
Price Cdn$ 

Expiry 
Date of 
 date 
grant 
1.00  17/01/05  16/01/15 
1.80  15/06/05  14/06/15 

The options above have fully vested. 

The following Directors are also interested in share options held by them pursuant to the 
terms  of  the  Serica  Energy  plc  Share  Option  Plan  2005  (“Serica  2005  Option  Plan”)  (a 
summary of which is set out in note 25) as follows: 

C Hearne 

M Flegg 

1/1/14  Granted 

103,000 
7,000 
350,000 
675,000 
200,000 
402,190 
400,000 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

-  600,000 

270,000 
150,000 
210,000 
66,000 
225,000 
200,000 
326,750 
400,000 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

-  600,000 

Expired  31/12/14 
103,000 
7,000 
350,000 
675,000 
200,000 
402,190 
400,000 
600,000 
270,000 
150,000 
210,000 
- 
225,000 
200,000 
326,750 
400,000 
600,000 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(66,000) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

Exercise 
Price £ 
0.97 
0.97 
0.82 
0.68 
0.314 
0.214 
0.29 
0.13 
0.96 
1.02 
0.75 
0.32 
0.68 
0.314 
0.214 
0.29 
0.13 

Date of 
grant 
23/11/05 
23/11/05 
31/03/08 
11/01/10 
05/04/11 
11/01/12 
08/10/12 
30/01/14 
12/06/06 
11/01/07 
14/03/08 
05/01/09 
11/01/10 
05/04/11 
11/01/12 
08/10/12 
30/01/14 

Expiry 
date 
22/11/15 
22/11/15 
30/03/18 
10/01/20 
04/04/21 
10/01/22 
07/10/22 
29/01/24 
11/06/16 
10/01/17 
13/03/18 
04/01/14 
10/01/20 
04/04/21 
10/01/22 
07/10/22 
29/01/24 

Options granted prior to December 2009 vest as to one third on each of the first, second 
and third anniversaries of grant in line with the practice for companies listed in Toronto 
which applied at the date of grant. Options awarded since December 2009 have a three 
year vesting period.  

Under  the  Serica  2005  Option  Plan,  when  awarding  options  to  directors,  the 
Remuneration  Committee  is  required  to  set  Performance  Conditions,  in  addition  to  the 
vesting  provisions,  before  vesting  can  take  place.  In  summary  the  Performance 
Conditions are as follows:  

- 23 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In  respect  of  the  options  granted  in  November  2005,  the  director  may  only  exercise 
those options on condition that the Serica share price on a 30 day moving average basis 
prior to 23 November 2015 has reached at least 200p. 

In  respect  of  the  options  granted  in  March  2008,  the  director  may  only  exercise  those 
options on condition that the Serica share price on a 30 day moving average basis prior 
to 30 March 2018 has reached at least 200p. 

In respect of the options granted in  January 2010, the vesting of the options is subject 
to  Serica  share  price  Performance  Conditions  measured  against  a  selected  peer  group 
initially consisting of Antrim Energy Inc., Aurelian Oil & Gas plc (Aurelian), Bowleven plc, 
Falkland Oil & Gas Limited, Faroe Petroleum plc, Gulfsands Petroleum plc, Ithaca Energy 
Inc,  Northern  Petroleum  plc,  Petroceltic  International  plc,  Providence  Resources  plc, 
Regal Petroleum plc and Valiant Petroleum plc (Valiant). The Performance Conditions are 
as follows: 

-  40%  of  options  to  vest  in  the  event  that  the  Company  outperforms  the  25th 

percentile of peer group performance over any 1 year period 

-  80%  of  options  to  vest  in  the  event  that  the  Company  outperforms  the  50th  

percentile of peer group performance over any 1 year period 

-  100%  of  options  to  vest  in  the  event  that  the  Company  outperforms  the  75th 

percentile of peer group performance over any 1 year period   

The  peer  group  of  comparator  companies  is  subject  to  change  by  the  Remuneration 
Committee should the Remuneration Committee feel that the group no longer comprises 
a meaningful peer group comparator as the result, for  example, of a  significant change 
in the Company or one or more of the peer group companies ceasing to be quoted on a 
recognised exchange. Regal Petroleum plc (Regal) was replaced by Dominion Petroleum 
plc  (Dominion)  following  Regal’s  acquisition  by  Energees  Management  Limited  and 
Dominion  was  replaced  by  Chariot  Oil  and  Gas  Limited  (Chariot)  following  Dominion’s 
acquisition by Ophir Energy plc. Aurelian ceased to be quoted on a recognised exchange 
in  January  2013  and  Valiant  merged  with  Ithaca  Energy  Inc  in  April  2013.  Following 
these events Aurelian and Valiant are no longer included in the peer group of comparator 
companies and have not been replaced. 

In  respect  of  the  options  granted  in  April  2011,  the  director  may  only  exercise  those 
options on condition that either of the following Performance Conditions is satisfied: 

-  Achievement  of  full  year  post-tax,  audited  profit  for  the  Serica  Energy  group  of 

companies; and/or 

-  Successful  achievement  of  a  merger  or  acquisition  or  other  similar  corporate 
event  approved  by  the  Board  of  Directors  of  the  Company  which,  in  the  view  of 
the  Remuneration  Committee,  would  create  greater  diversity  and  scope  for  the 
Company.  

In respect of the options granted in January 2012 and October 2012, the vesting of the 
options  is  subject  to  Serica  share  price  Performance  Conditions  measured  against  a 
selected  peer  group  initially  consisting  of  Antrim  Energy  Inc.,  Aurelian  Oil  &  Gas  plc, 
Bowleven plc, Chariot Oil and Gas Limited, Falkland Oil & Gas Limited, Faroe Petroleum 
plc,  Gulfsands  Petroleum  plc,  Ithaca  Energy  Inc,  Northern  Petroleum  plc,  Petroceltic 
International plc, Providence Resources plc and Valiant Petroleum plc. The Performance 
Conditions are as follows: 

-  40%  of  options  to  vest  in  the  event  that  the  Company  outperforms  the  25th 

percentile of peer group performance over any 1 year period 

-  80%  of  options  to  vest  in  the  event  that  the  Company  outperforms  the  50th  

percentile of peer group performance over any 1 year period 

-  100%  of  options  to  vest  in  the  event  that  the  Company  outperforms  the  75th 

percentile of peer group performance over any 1 year period   

- 24 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  peer  group  of  comparator  companies  is  subject  to  change  by  the  Remuneration 
Committee should the Remuneration Committee feel that the group no longer comprises 
a meaningful peer group comparator as the result, for  example, of a  significant change 
in the Company or one or more of the peer group companies ceasing to be quoted on a 
recognised exchange. Aurelian ceased to be quoted on a recognised exchange in January 
2013  and  Valiant  merged  with  Ithaca  Energy  Inc  in  April  2013.  Following  these  events 
Aurelian and Valiant  are no longer included in the peer group of comparator companies 
and have not been replaced. 

Auditor 

A resolution to reappoint Ernst & Young LLP, as auditor will be put to the members at the 
annual general meeting. 

Disclosure of information to auditors 

The  directors  who  were  members  of  the  Board  at  the  time  of  approving  the  Directors’ 
Report  are  listed  above.  So  far  as  each  person  who  was  a  director  at  the  date  of 
approving this report is aware, there is no relevant audit information, being information 
needed  by  the  auditor  in  connection  with  preparing  its  report,  of  which  the  auditor  is 
unaware.  Having  made  enquiries  of  fellow  directors  and  the  Group’s  auditor,  each 
director has taken all the steps that he is obliged to take as a director in order to made 
himself aware of any relevant audit information and to establish that the auditor is aware 
of that information. 

On behalf of the Board 

Christopher Hearne 
Director 
29 May 2015 

- 25 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT 

The  Board  of  Directors  fully  endorses  the  importance  of  sound  corporate  governance.  
Serica  is  incorporated  in  the  United  Kingdom.  During  2014  its  shares  were  traded  on 
both  the  AIM  market  of  the  London  Stock  Exchange  (“AIM”)  and  on  the  Toronto  Stock 
Exchange  in  Canada  (“TSX”).  On  17  March  2015,  the  Company  announced  that  it  had 
applied for voluntary delisting of its ordinary shares from the TSX. This was because the 
directors  believed  that  the  minimal  trading  activity  of  Serica’s  shares  on  the  TSX  no 
longer  justified  the  expenses  and  administrative  efforts  associated  with  maintaining  its 
dual  listing,  with  Serica’s  AIM  listing  providing  its  shareholders  with  sufficient  liquidity. 
The Company’s shares were formally delisted from the TSX at the close of trading on 31 
March  2015.  After  this  date  Serica’s  shares  continue  to  trade  solely  on  AIM  under  its 
ticker SQZ. 

The  code  of  practice  followed  for  companies  incorporated  in  the  United  Kingdom  and 
listed on the premium sector of the Main Market of the London Stock Exchange is set out 
in  the  UK  Corporate  Governance  Code  (the  “UK  Code”).  It  is  not  compulsory  for 
companies  whose  shares  are  traded  on  the  AIM  market  but  the  Board  applies  those 
principles of the UK Code to the extent that it considers it reasonable and practical to do 
so given the size and nature of the Company.  

Although the Company has now delisted from the TSX, the Company is still considered to 
be  a  reporting  issuer  in  a  number  of  Canadian  provinces.  The  corporate  governance 
guidelines  applying  to  reporting  issuers  in  Canada  are  set  out  under  Ontario  Securities 
Commission  National  Policy  58-201  (the  “Corporate  Governance  Guidelines”).  The 
Company  is  a  ‘designated  foreign  issuer’  as  defined  under  National  Instrument  71-1-2-
Continuous Disclosure and Other Exemptions Relating to Foreign Issuers. The Company 
is subject to the foreign regulatory requirements of the AIM Market of the London Stock 
Exchange.   

The  disclosures  below  explain  the  composition  of,  role  and  responsibilities  of  the  Board 
and the Board Committees.  

The Board and its Committees 

The  Board  of  the  Company  currently  consists  of  two  Executive  Directors,  four  non-
Executive Directors and the Chairman of the Board who has been acting as Interim CEO 
since  April  2011.  With  effect  from  1  June  2015,  the  Chairman  will  take  the  role  of 
Executive  Chairman  following  the  departure  of  the  two  Executive  directors.  One  of  the 
non-Executive  Directors  will  be  stepping  down  at  the  conclusion  of  the  2015  annual 
General  Meeting.  With  effect  from  1  July  2015,  the  Board  will  therefore  comprise  the 
Executive Chairman and three non-Executive Directors,  one  of whom holds the position 
of Senior  Independent  Director.  It is recognised that  further Board restructuring will be 
required in due course once the Company has achieved its short term strategic goals. All 
the  non-Executive  Directors  and  the  Chairman  are  independent  in  character  and 
judgement  and  have  the  range  of  experience  and  calibre  to  bring  independent 
judgement  on  issues  of  strategy,  performance,  resources  and  standards  of  conduct 
which is vital to the success of the Group. 

The  Board  retains  full  and  effective  control  over  the  Company.  The  Company  holds 
regular Board meetings at which financial, operational and other reports are considered 
and,  where  appropriate,  voted  on.  The  Board  is  responsible  for  the  Group’s  strategy, 
performance,  key  financial  and  compliance  issues,  approval  of  any  major  capital 
expenditure and the framework of internal controls. The matters reserved for the Board 
include,  amongst  others,  approval  of  the  Group’s  long  term  objectives,  policies  and 
budgets, changes relating to the Group’s management structure, approval of the Group’s 
annual  report  and  accounts  and  ensuring  maintenance  of  sound  systems  of  internal 
control. 

- 26 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
There  is  a  clearly  defined  organisational  structure  with  lines  of  responsibility  and 
delegation  of  authority  to  executive  management.    The  Board  is  responsible  for 
monitoring  the  activities  of  the  executive  management.  The  Chairman  has  the 
responsibility of ensuring that the Board discharges its responsibilities. In the event of an 
equality of votes at a meeting of the Board, the Chairman has a second or casting vote. 
The Board believes that there has been an adequate balance between the non-Executive 
and Executive Directors, both in number and in experience and expertise, to ensure that 
the Board operates independently of executive management.  Details of the recent Board 
changes  are  disclosed  in  the  Chairman’s  Report.  There  is  no  formal  Board  performance 
appraisal  system  in  place  but  the  Corporate  Governance  and  Nomination  Committee 
considers this as part of its remit. 

Other  than  Jeffrey  Harris  who  represents  Global  Reserve  Group,  the  Company’s  largest 
shareholder,  all  of  the  non-Executive  Directors  meet  the  requirements  of  independence 
prescribed in the UK Code.   

The  chairman  was  independent  on  appointment  but  has  not  been  independent  for  the 
whole  of  his  tenure  due  to  holding  share  options  (which  have  now  expired)  and  his 
executive responsibilities. 

Individual  Directors  may  engage  outside  advisors  at  the  expense  of  the  Company  upon 
approval by the Board in appropriate circumstances. 

The Board has established a Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee, an Audit 
Committee, a Reserves Committee, a Remuneration and Compensation Committee and a 
Health,  Safety  and  Environmental  Committee.  The  terms  of  reference  of  the  Corporate 
Governance  and  Nomination,  Audit  and  Remuneration  and  Compensation  Committees 
can be found on the Company’s website www.serica-energy.com 

Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee 
The Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee is responsible for the Company's 
observance of the UK Code and the Corporate Governance Guidelines where they apply 
to the Company, for compliance with the rules of AIM, the rules applicable to designated 
foreign  issuers  in  Canada  and  for  other  corporate  governance  matters,  including 
compliance with the Company’s Share Dealing Code and with AIM in respect of dealings 
by  directors  or  employees  in  the  Company’s  shares.  The  committee  is  responsible  for 
monitoring  the  effectiveness  of  the  Board  and  its  Committees,  proposing  to  the  Board 
new nominees for election as directors to the Board, determining successor plans and for 
assessing directors on an ongoing basis.  

The  committee  met  three  times  during  2014  and  will  meet  as  required  during  the  next 
financial year.  

The Corporate Governance and Nomination Committee is comprised of the Chairman and 
two  non-Executive  Directors  all  of  whom  are  independent  (other  than  as  described  in 
“The  Board  and  its  Committees”  above).  The  committee  is  chaired  by  Neil  Pike  and  its 
other members are Antony Craven Walker and Ian Vann.  

Audit Committee 
The  Audit  Committee  meets  regularly  and  consists  of  three  members,  all  of  whom  are 
non-Executive Directors and two of whom are independent including the chairman of the 
committee. The committee's purpose is to assist the Board's oversight of the integrity of 
the 
independence  and 
performance of the auditors, the regulation and risk profile of the Group and the review 
and  approval  of  any  related  party  transactions.  The  Audit  Committee  may  hold  private 
sessions with management and the external auditor.  

financial  statements  and  other 

financial  reporting,  the 

- 27 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Audit Committee met three times in 2014 and proposes to meet at least three times 
during  the  next  financial  year.    The  committee  is  chaired  by  Neil  Pike  and  its  other 
members are Steven Theede and Jeffrey Harris.  

The responsibilities and operation of the Audit Committee are more particularly set out in 
the Company’s Audit Committee Charter, a copy of which is available on  the Company’s 
website at www.serica-energy.com.  

Reserves Committee 
The  Reserves  Committee  is  a  sub-committee  of  the  Audit  Committee.  The  committee’s 
purpose  is  to  review  the  reports  of  the  independent  reserves  auditors  pursuant  to 
Canadian regulations which require that the Board discuss the reserves reports with the 
independent reserves auditors or delegate authority to a reserves committee comprised 
of at least two non-Executive Directors. The committee is chaired by Steven Theede and 
its  other  member  is  Ian  Vann.  The  committee  meets  at  least  once  a  year  prior  to 
publication of the annual results.     

Remuneration and Compensation Committee 
The Remuneration and Compensation Committee meets regularly to consider all material 
elements  of  remuneration  policy,  the  remuneration  and  incentivisation  of  Executive 
Directors  and  senior  management  and  to  make  recommendations  to  the  Board  on  the 
framework  for  executive  remuneration  and  its  cost.  The  role  of  the  Remuneration  and 
Compensation  Committee  is  to  keep  under  review  the  remuneration  policies  to  ensure 
that  Serica  attracts,  retains  and  motivates  the  most  qualified  talent who  will  contribute 
to the long-term success of the Company.  

The committee met three times in 2014 and proposes to meet at least twice during the 
next  financial  year.  In  addition,  written  resolutions  of  the  committee  are  passed  from 
time  to  time  particularly  in  relation  to  routine  matters  such  as  the  allotment  of  shares 
pursuant  to  share  option  exercises  as  well  as  to  record  formally  decisions  of  the 
committee reached outside the scheduled meetings. 

The  committee  is  composed  of  the  Chairman  and  two  non-Executive  Directors  all  of 
whom  are  independent  (other  than  as  described  in  “The  Board  and  its  Committees” 
above).  The  Remuneration  and  Compensation  Committee  is  chaired  by  Steve  Theede 
and its other members are Neil Pike and Antony Craven Walker.  

Health, Safety and Environmental Committee 
The  Health,  Safety  and  Environmental  Committee  is  responsible  for  matters  affecting 
occupational  health,  safety  and  the  environment,  including  the  formulation  of  a  health, 
safety and environmental policy.  

The committee met four times in 2014 and proposes to meet at least three times during 
the next financial year. The committee is chaired by Ian Vann and its other members are 
Mitch Flegg and Antony Craven Walker.   

Directors’ attendance at meetings    
The  Board  generally  has  one  scheduled  Board  meeting  every  two  months  over  the 
course  of the financial year with informal discussions scheduled as required.  Additional 
meetings  are  held  depending  upon  opportunities  or  issues  to  be  dealt  with  by  the 
Company from time to time.  The non-Executive Directors hold informal meetings during 
the course of the year at which members of management are not in attendance. 

- 28 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
The  directors’  attendance  at  scheduled  Board  meetings  and  Board  committees  during 
2014 is detailed in the table below: 

Director 

Board   Audit  Remuneration 

and 
Compensation   

A Craven Walker 
(Chairman)  
CJ Hearne (CFO)  
M Flegg (COO)   
N Pike   
S Theede 
I Vann 
J Harris  
Total meetings  

Notes:  

8* 

8 
7 
8 
8 
8 
7 
8 

1^ 

3^ 
- 
3* 
3 
- 
3 
3 

3 

- 
- 
3 
3* 
- 
- 
3 

Corporate 
Governance 
and 
Nomination 
3 

- 
- 
3* 
1^ 
3 
- 
3 

HSE 

Reserves 

4 

- 
4 
- 
- 
4* 
- 
4 

- 

- 
- 
- 
1* 
1 
- 
1 

1. The Chairman and non-executive directors attended a number of meetings of committees of which they 

were not members during the course of the year at the invitation of the committee chairman. 

* Chairman  
^ Invitee      

Janette Davies 
Company Secretary 
29 May 2015 

- 29 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
DIRECTORS’ BIOGRAPHIES 

Antony Craven Walker 
Chairman and interim Chief Executive 

Tony  Craven  Walker  started  his  career  with  BP  and  has  been  a  leading  figure  in  the 
British  independent  oil  industry  since  the  early  1970s.  He  founded  two  British 
independent  oil  companies,  Charterhouse  Petroleum,  where  he  held  the  post  of  Chief 
Executive,  and  Monument  Oil  and  Gas,  where  he  held  the  post  of  Chief  Executive  and 
later  became  Chairman.  He  was  also  a  founder  member  of  BRINDEX  (Association  of 
British Independent Oil Exploration Companies). He was appointed Chairman of Serica in 
2004  and  following  the  retirement  of  Paul  Ellis  in  April  2011,  is  currently  acting  as 
interim Chief Executive.  

Christopher Hearne 
Finance Director 

Chris Hearne joined Serica from Intrepid Energy, a leading independent exploration and 
production  company  in  the  North  Sea,  where  he  was  responsible  for  corporate  finance 
for eight years. In this capacity, he contributed to the growth of Intrepid Energy from a 
start-up company to its sale for over US$1 billion.  Prior to joining Serica he worked as 
an  investment  banker  with  Lehman  Brothers  and  Robert  Fleming.  He  was  appointed  to 
the Board as Finance Director of Serica in 2005. 

Mitchell Flegg 
Chief Operating Officer 

Mitch  Flegg  has  over  32  years  of  industry  experience  starting  with  Schlumberger  and 
then  with  Enterprise  Oil,  (initially  as  a  Petrophysicist)  where  he  became  responsible  for 
drilling related operations for wells drilled in UK, Australia, Cambodia, Vietnam, Ireland, 
Romania and Bulgaria. After the takeover by Shell he worked on the implementation of 
new technology in well engineering before moving into asset management. Mitch joined 
Serica in 2006 and has been responsible for all drilling and development operations. He 
was promoted to the position of Chief Operating Officer in March 2011 and appointed to 
the Board of Serica in September 2012. 

Neil Pike 
Non-Executive Director and Senior Independent Director 

Neil Pike has been involved in the global petroleum business as a financier since joining 
the  energy  department  at  Citibank  in  1975  until  joining  the  board  of  Serica.  Neil 
remained  an  industry  specialist  with  Citibank  throughout  his  career  and  was  closely 
involved in the development of specialised oil field finance.  Latterly he was responsible 
for Citibank’s relationships with the oil and gas industry worldwide. He was appointed to 
the Board of Serica in 2004. 

- 30 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Ian Vann 
Non-Executive Director 

Ian  Vann  was  employed  by  BP  from  1976,  and  directed  and  led  BP’s  global  exploration 
efforts  from  1996  until  his  retirement  in  January  2007.  He  was  appointed  to  the 
executive leadership team of the Exploration & Production Division of BP in 2001, initially 
as Group Vice President, Technology and later as Group Vice President, Exploration and 
Business Development. He was appointed to the Board of Serica in 2007. 

Steven Theede 
Non-Executive Director 

Steven Theede held senior management positions with Conoco, later ConocoPhillips, and 
in 2000 was appointed President, Exploration and Production for Europe, Russia and the 
Caspian  region.  In  2003  he  joined  Yukos  Oil  Company  and  became  its  Chief  Executive 
Officer in July 2004, a position he held until August 2006. He was appointed to the Board 
of Serica in 2007. 

Jeffrey Harris 
Non-Executive Director 

Jeffrey  Harris  founded  Global  Reserve  Group  LLC  in  2012  following  a  twenty-nine  year 
career with Warburg Pincus, during which period he invested in and advised companies 
in  the  industrial,  consumer,  technology  and  energy  sectors.  Jeffrey  has  served  on  the 
board of directors of over thirty companies, including twelve publicly-traded entities. He 
is past chairman of the National Venture Capital Association and an adjunct professor at 
the  Columbia  University  Graduate  School  of  Business  where  he  teaches  courses  on 
venture capital, and entrepreneurship and innovation. He was appointed to the Board of 
Serica in December 2012. 

- 31 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
                          
Directors’  responsibilities  statement  in  relation  to  the  Group  and  Company 
financial statements 

The  Directors  are  responsible  for  preparing  the  Strategic  Report,  the  Director’s  Report 
and  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  applicable  United  Kingdom  law  and 
regulations  and  those  International  Financial  Reporting  Standards  as  adopted  by  the 
European Union. 

Company  law  requires  the  directors  to  prepare  financial  statements  for  each  financial 
year. As  required by the AIM Rules  of the London Stock  Exchange they are  required  to 
prepare  the  Group  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  International  Financial 
Reporting Standards as adopted by the European Union. Under United Kingdom company 
law  the  directors  have  elected  to  prepare  the  Parent  Company  financial  statements  in 
accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as adopted by the European 
Union.  Under  company  law  the  directors  must  not  approve  the  financial  statements 
unless they are satisfied that they give a true and fair view of the state of affairs of the 
Group and the Company and the profit or loss of the company for that period. 

In  preparing  those  Group  and  Company  financial  statements  the  Directors  are  required 
to: 

  present  fairly  the  financial  position,  financial  performance  and  cash  flows  of  the 

Group; 

 

select suitable accounting policies and then apply them consistently; 

  make judgements and estimates that are reasonable and prudent; 

 

state  that  the  Group  and  Company  has  complied  with  IFRSs,  subject  to  any 
material departures disclosed and explained in the financial statements;  

  present  information,  including  accounting  policies,  in  a  manner  that  provides 

relevant, reliable, comparable and understandable information 

  provide additional disclosures when compliance with the specific requirements in 
IFRSs  is  insufficient  to  enable  users  to  understand  the  impact  of  particular 
transactions, other events and conditions on the Group’s and Company’s financial 
position and financial performance; and 

 

state  whether  the  Group  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in accordance 
with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union, subject to any material departures 
disclosed and explained in the financial statements. 

The Directors are responsible for keeping adequate accounting records that are sufficient 
to  show  and  explain  the  Group’s  transactions  and  disclose  with  reasonable  accuracy  at 
any  time  the  financial  position  of  the  Group  and  Company  and  enable  them  to  ensure 
that the Group and Company financial statements comply with the Companies Act 2006. 
They  are  also  responsible  for  safeguarding  the  assets  of  the  Group  and  Company  and 
hence  for  taking  reasonable  steps  for  the  prevention  and  detection  of  fraud  and  other 
irregularities. 

The  Directors  confirm  that  they  have  complied  with  these  requirements  and,  having  a 
reasonable  expectation  that  the  Company  and  the  Group  have  adequate  resources  to 
continue  in  operational  existence  for  the  foreseeable  future,  will  continue  to  adopt  the 
going concern basis in preparing the accounts. 

- 32 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditor’s report to the members of Serica Energy plc  

We  have  audited  the  financial  statements  of  Serica  Energy  plc  for  the  year  ended  31 
December  2014  which  comprise  the  Group  Income  Statement,  the  Group  Statement  of 
Comprehensive Income, the Group and Parent Company Balance Sheets, the Group and 
Parent Company Statements of Changes in Equity, the Group and Parent Company Cash 
Flow  Statements  and  the  related  notes  1  to  29.  The  financial  reporting  framework  that 
has  been  applied  in  their  preparation  is  applicable  law  and  International  Financial 
Reporting  Standards  (IFRSs)  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union  and  International 
Accounting  standards  Board  (IASB),  as  regards  the  parent  company 
financial 
statements, as applied in accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006. 

This  report  is  made  solely  to  the  company’s  members,  as  a  body,  in  accordance  with 
Chapter 3 of Part 16 of the Companies Act 2006.  Our audit work has been undertaken 
so  that  we  might  state  to  the  company’s  members  those  matters  we  are  required  to 
state  to  them  in  an  auditor’s  report  and  for  no  other  purpose.    To  the  fullest  extent 
permitted  by  law,  we  do  not  accept  or  assume  responsibility  to  anyone  other  than  the 
company and the company’s members as a body, for our audit work, for this report, or 
for the opinions we have formed.   

Respective responsibilities of directors and auditor 

As  explained  more  fully  in  the  Directors’  Responsibilities  Statement,  the  directors  are 
responsible  for  the  preparation  of  the  financial  statements  and  for  being  satisfied  that 
they  give  a  true  and  fair  view.  Our  responsibility  is  to  audit  and  express  an  opinion  on 
the  financial  statements  in  accordance  with  applicable  law  and  International  Standards 
on  Auditing  (UK  and  Ireland).  Those  standards  require  us  to  comply  with  the  Auditing 
Practices Board’s Ethical Standards for Auditors. 

Scope of the audit of the financial statements 

An audit involves obtaining evidence about the amounts and disclosures in the financial 
statements sufficient to give reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free 
from  material  misstatement,  whether  caused  by  fraud  or  error.  This  includes  an 
assessment  of:  whether  the  accounting  policies  are  appropriate  to  the  group’s  and  the 
parent  company’s  circumstances  and  have  been  consistently  applied  and  adequately 
disclosed; the reasonableness of significant accounting estimates made by the directors; 
and  the  overall  presentation  of  the  financial  statements.  In  addition,  we  read  all  the 
financial  and  non-financial  information  in  the  Annual  Report  and  Accounts  to  identify 
material  inconsistencies  with  the  audited  financial  statements  and  to  identify  any 
information  that  is  apparently  materially  incorrect  based  on,  or  materially  inconsistent 
with, the knowledge acquired by us in the course of performing the audit. If we become 
aware  of  any  apparent  material  misstatements  or  inconsistencies  we  consider  the 
implications for our report. 

Opinion on financial statements 

In our opinion: 

 

 

 

the financial statements give a true and fair view of the state of the group’s and 
of the parent company’s affairs as at 31 December 2014 and of the group’s loss 
for the year then ended; 

the group financial statements have been properly prepared in accordance with 
IFRSs as adopted by the European Union and IFRS as adopted by International 
Accounting standards Board (IASB);and 

the parent company financial statements have been properly prepared in 
accordance with IFRSs as adopted by the European Union and IFRS as adopted 
by International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and as applied in 
accordance with the provisions of the Companies Act 2006; and  

- 33 - 

 
 
  The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the 

requirements of the Companies Act 2006. 

Emphasis of matter – Going Concern 

In  forming  our  opinion  on  the  financial  statements,  which  is    not  modified,  we  have 
considered  the  adequacy  of  the  disclosure  made  in  note  2  to  the  financial  statements 
concerning  the  company’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going  concern.  The  conditions 
explained  on  note  2  to  the  financial  statements,  indicate  the  existence  of  a  material 
uncertainty which may cast significant doubt about the company’s ability to continue as 
a  going  concern.  The  financial  statements  do  not  include  the  adjustments  that  would 
result if the company was unable to continue as a going concern. 

Separate opinion in relation to IFRSs as issued by the IASB 

As  explained  in  Note  1  to  the  financial  statements,  the  group  in  addition  to  complying 
with  its  legal  obligation  to  apply  IFRSs  as  adopted  by  the  European  Union,  has  also 
applied IFRSs as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). 

In our opinion the financial statements comply with IFRSs as issued by the IASB. 

Opinion on other matter prescribed by the Companies Act 2006 

In our opinion the information given in the Strategic Report and the Directors’ Report for 
the financial year for which the financial statements are prepared is consistent with the 
financial statements. 

Matters on which we are required to report by exception 

We have nothing to report in respect of the following matters where the Companies Act 
2006 requires us to report to you if, in our opinion: 

  adequate  accounting  records  have  not  been  kept  by  the  parent  company,  or 
returns adequate for our audit have not been received from branches not visited 
by us; or 

 

the  parent  company  financial  statements  are  not  in  agreement  with  the 
accounting records and returns; or 

  certain disclosures of directors’ remuneration specified by law are not made; or 

  we  have  not  received  all  the  information  and  explanations  we  require  for  our 

audit. 

Paul Wallek, (Senior statutory auditor) 
for and on behalf of Ernst & Young LLP, Statutory Auditor 
London 

29 May 2015 

1.  The maintenance and integrity of the Serica Energy plc web site is the responsibility of the directors; the work carried 
out  by  the  auditors  does  not  involve  consideration  of  these  matters  and,  accordingly,  the  auditors  accept  no 
responsibility for any changes that may have occurred to the financial statements since they were initially presented 
on the web site. 

2.  Legislation in the United Kingdom governing the preparation and dissemination of financial statements may differ from 

legislation in other jurisdictions.  

- 34 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Serica Energy plc 
Group Income Statement 
for the year ended 31 December  

Continuing operations 
Sales revenue 

Cost of sales  

Gross profit 

Pre-licence costs 
Impairment and write-offs of E&E assets 
Other asset write-offs 
Administrative expenses 
Foreign exchange (loss)/gain  
Share-based payments 
Depreciation 

Operating loss before net finance revenue and tax 

Finance revenue 
Finance costs 

2014 
Notes  US$000 

2013 
US$000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(512) 
(30,019) 
(250) 
(4,296) 
(235) 
(337) 
- 

(330) 
(131) 
(168) 
(4,458) 
341 
(252) 
(109) 

(35,649) 

(5,107) 

26 
- 

16 
(38) 

13 
13 

25 
6 

9 
10 

Loss before taxation 

(35,623) 

(5,129) 

Taxation charge for the year 

11 a) 

- 

- 

Loss for the year from continuing operations 

(35,623) 

(5,129) 

Discontinued operations 
(Loss)/profit for the year from discontinued operations 

Loss for the year 

4 

(453) 

121 

(36,076) 

(5,008) 

Loss per ordinary share - EPS 
Basic and diluted EPS on continuing operations (US$) 
Basic and diluted EPS on loss for the year (US$) 

12 
12 

(0.14) 
(0.14) 

(0.03) 
(0.03) 

Group Statement of Comprehensive Income  

There are no other comprehensive income items other than those passing through the 
income statement. 

- 35 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Serica Energy plc 
Registered Number: 5450950 
Balance Sheet 
As at 31 December 

Non-current assets 

Note
s 

Exploration & evaluation assets  13 
14 
Property, plant and equipment 
15 
Investments in subsidiaries 
16 
Other receivables 

Current assets 
Inventories 
Trade and other receivables 
Financial assets 
Cash and cash equivalents 

17 
18 
18 
19 

Group 
2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

Company 
2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

57,843 
- 
- 
247 
58,090 

- 
2,352 
- 
9,893 
12,245 

74,609 
- 
- 
1,293 
75,902 

258 
3,851 
420 
26,062 
30,591 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 
58,057 
- 
9,447 
67,504 

- 
98,148 
420 
25,459 
124,027 

TOTAL ASSETS 

70,335 

106,493 

67,504 

124,027 

Current liabilities 
Trade and other payables 
Provisions 

20 
21 

(3,998) 
- 

(4,417) 
- 

(1,167) 
- 

(959) 
- 

TOTAL LIABILITIES 

(3,998) 

(4,417) 

(1,167) 

(959) 

NET ASSETS 

66,337 

102,076 

66,337 

123,068 

Share capital 
Merger reserve 
Other reserve 
Accumulated deficit 

23 
15 

227,958 
- 
20,634 

227,958 
- 
20,297 
(182,255)  (146,179) 

192,686 
- 
20,634 
(146,983) 

192,686 
- 
20,297 
(89,915) 

TOTAL EQUITY 

66,337 

102,076 

66,337 

123,068 

Approved by the Board on 29 May 2015 

Antony Craven Walker 
Chief Executive Officer 
________________________________  _____________________________________

Christopher Hearne 
Finance Director 

- 36 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Serica Energy plc 
Statement of Changes in Equity 
For the year ended 31 December 2014 

Group 

Share 
capital 
US$000 

Other 
reserve 
US$000 

Accum’d 
deficit 
US$000 

Total 
US$000 

At 1 January 2013 

209,758 

20,045 

(141,171) 

88,632 

Loss for the year 
Total comprehensive income 
Share-based payments 
Issue of ordinary shares 
Fees from issue of shares 

- 
- 
- 
19,525 
(1,325) 

- 
- 
252 
- 
- 

(5,008) 
(5,008) 
- 
- 
- 

(5,008) 
(5,008) 
252 
19,525 
(1,325) 

At 31 December 2013 

227,958 

20,297 

(146,179) 

102,076 

Loss for the year 
Total comprehensive income 
Share-based payments 

- 
- 
- 

- 
- 
337 

(36,076) 
(36,076) 
- 

(36,076) 
(36,076) 
337 

At 31 December 2014 

227,958 

20,634 

(182,255) 

66,337 

Company 

Share 
capital 
US$000 

Other 
Merger 
reserve 
reserve 
US$000  US$000 

Accum’d 
deficit 
US$000 

Total      

US$000 

At 1 January 2013 

174,486 

4,322 

20,045 

(52,499) 

146,354 

Loss for the year 
Total comprehensive income 
Share-based payments 
Issue of ordinary shares  
Fees from issue of shares 
Transfers 

- 
- 
- 
19,525 
(1,325) 
- 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
(4,322) 

- 
- 
252 
- 
- 
- 

(41,738) 
(41,738) 
- 
- 
- 
4,322 

(41,738) 
(41,738) 
252 
19,525 
(1,325) 
- 

At 31 December 2013 

192,686 

Loss for the year 
Total comprehensive income 
Share-based payments 

- 
- 
- 

At 31 December 2014 

192,686 

- 

- 
- 
- 

- 

20,297 

(89,915) 

123,068 

- 
- 
337 

(57,068) 
(57,068) 
- 

(57,068) 
(57,068) 
337 

20,634 

(146,983) 

66,337 

- 37 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Serica Energy plc 
Cash Flow Statement 
For the year ended 31 December 

Operating activities: 
Loss for the year 
Adjustments to reconcile loss for the year 
to net cash flow from operating activities: 
Net finance (income)/costs 
Depreciation 
Depletion and amortisation 
Other asset write-offs 
Impairment of E&E assets 
Impairment of loans and investments  
Share-based payments 
Other non-cash movements 
Decrease in trade and other receivables 
Decrease in inventories 
(Decrease)/increase in trade and other 
payables 
payables 
Use of provisions 

Group 
2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

Company 
2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

(36,076) 

(5,008) 

(57,068) 

(41,738) 

(26) 
- 
- 
250 
30,019 
- 
337 
235 
2,856 
42 
(688) 

28 
109 
1,036 
168 
131 
- 
252 
(310) 
4,570 
24 
(2,108) 

(26) 
- 
- 
- 
- 
54,521 
337 
165 
608 
- 
208 

22 
- 
- 
- 
- 
40,000 
252 
(345) 
204 
- 
(212) 

- 

(1,607) 

- 

- 

Cash utilised in operations 

(3,051) 

(2,715) 

(1,255) 

(1,817) 

Taxation paid 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Net cash outflow from operations 

(3,051) 

(2,715) 

(1,255) 

(1,817) 

Investing activities: 
Interest received 
Purchase of E&E assets 
Cash inflow from disposals 
Funding provided to Group subsidiaries 
Net cash flow from investing activities 

Financing activities: 

Gross proceeds from issue of shares 
Fees from issue of shares 
Finance costs paid 
Net cash flow from financing activities 

Net (decrease)/increase in cash and 
cash equivalents 
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash 
equivalents 
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January 

26 
(12,967) 
- 
- 

16 
(13,094) 
933 
- 

26 
- 
- 
(14,618) 

16 
- 
- 
(12,762) 

(12,941) 

(12,145) 

(14,592) 

(12,746) 

- 
- 
- 
- 

19,525 
(1,325) 
(38) 
18,162 

- 
- 
- 
- 

19,525 
(1,325) 
(38) 
18,162 

(15,992) 

3,302 

(15,847) 

3,599 

(177) 
26,062 

415 
22,345 

(165) 
25,459 

436 
21,424 

Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 

9,893 

26,062 

9,447 

25,459 

- 38 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Serica Energy plc 

Notes to the Financial Statements 

1.  Authorisation of the Financial Statements and Statement of Compliance with 

IFRS 

The Group’s and Company’s financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2014 
were  authorised  for  issue  by  the  Board  of  Directors  on  29  May  2015  and  the  balance 
sheets  were  signed  on  the  Board’s  behalf  by  Antony  Craven  Walker  and  Christopher 
Hearne.  Serica  Energy  plc  is  a  public  limited  company  incorporated  and  domiciled  in 
England  &  Wales.  The  principal  activity  of  the  Company  and  the  Group  is  to  identify, 
acquire and subsequently exploit oil and gas reserves. Its current activities are located in 
the United Kingdom, Ireland, Namibia and Morocco. The Company’s ordinary shares are 
traded on AIM. 

The  Group’s  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  in  accordance  with  International 
Financial  Reporting  Standards  (“IFRS”)  as  adopted  by  the  EU  as  they  apply  to  the 
financial statements of the Group for the year ended 31 December 2014. The Company’s 
financial statements have been prepared in accordance with IFRS as adopted by the EU 
as  they  apply  to  the  financial  statements  of  the  Company  for  the  year  ended  31 
December 2014 and as applied in accordance  with the provisions of the Companies Act 
2006.  The  Group’s  financial  statements  are  also  prepared  in  accordance  with  IFRS  as 
issued  by  the  IASB.  The  principal  accounting  policies  adopted  by  the  Group  and  by  the 
Company are set out in note 2. 

The Company has taken advantage of the exemption provided under section 408 of the 
Companies  Act  2006  not  to  publish  its  individual  income  statement  and  related  notes. 
The  deficit  dealt  with  in  the  financial  statements  of  the  parent  Company  was 
US$57,068,000 (2013: US$41,738,000). 

On 1 September 2005, the Company completed a reorganisation (the “Reorganisation”).  
whereby the common shares of Serica Energy Corporation were automatically exchanged 
on a one-for-one basis for ordinary shares of Serica Energy plc, a newly formed company 
incorporated under the laws of the United Kingdom. In addition, each shareholder of the 
Corporation  received  beneficial  ownership  of  part  of  the  ‘A’  share  of  Serica  Energy  plc 
issued  to  meet  the  requirements  of  public  companies  under  the  United  Kingdom 
jurisdiction. Under IFRS this reorganisation was considered to be a reverse takeover by 
Serica Energy Corporation and as such the financial statements of the Group represent a 
continuation of Serica Energy Corporation. 

2. Accounting Policies 

Basis of Preparation 

The accounting policies which follow set  out those policies which apply in preparing the 
financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2014.  

The  Group  and  Company  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  a  historical  cost 
basis  and  are  presented  in  US  dollars.  All  values  are  rounded  to  the  nearest  thousand 
dollars (US$000) except when otherwise indicated. 

Going Concern  

The  financial  statements  have  been  prepared  on  a  going  concern  basis  which 
contemplates  the  continuity  of  normal  business  activities  and  the  realisation  of  assets 
and the settlement of liabilities in the ordinary course of business. 

The financial position of the Group, its cash flows and capital commitments are described 
- 39 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
in the Financial Review above. Following the cessation of production from the Kambuna 
field  in  2013,  the  Group  had  no  production  revenues  up  to  the  end  of  2014.  As  at  31 
December  2014,  the  Group  had  net  current  assets  of  US$8.2  million  (2013:  US$26.2 
million), including cash & cash equivalents of US$9.9 million (2013: US$26.1 million).  

The  Directors  are  required  to  consider  the  availability  of  resources  to  meet  the  Group’s 
and Company’s liabilities for the foreseeable future. Following  the recent severe drop in 
oil  prices  and  consequent  impact  upon  the  financial  resources  available  to  companies 
such  as  Serica,  management  has  reviewed  all  of  its  expenditure  commitments  and  has 
reduced its personnel, office and other costs substantially effective 1H 2015. The Group 
currently  has  no  exploration  drilling  commitments  and  therefore  any  such  future 
programmes are discretionary depending upon the availability of finance amongst other 
things.  

The  completion  of  the  Erskine  acquisition  is  expected  imminently  with  only  the  final 
execution  of  certain  required  documents  outstanding.  This  will  bring  a  significant  new 
revenue stream to the Group comprising sales of oil, gas and other liquids. Net revenues 
from  the  field  are  expected  to  assist  Serica  in  building  its  cash  resources  over  coming 
months and years.  However, management remains conscious that a single field income 
stream  exposes  it  to  operational  and  infrastructure  risks  and  consequent  need  for 
adequate  working  capital  to  cover  associated  fluctuations  in  revenue.  The  field  has  a 
history  of  intermittent  production  performance  and  operational  expenditure  continues 
during  periods  of  field shut-down  when  no  revenue  is  earned.  However  the  recent  field 
and system shut-down was designed to improve future production performance and field 
uptime. 

The  Company  has  no  debt  or  major  commitments  other  than  those  that  will  arise 
following completion of the Erskine acquisition. The cash in place is considered adequate 
to  cover  geological  and  geophysical,  exploration,  technical  and  administrative  costs 
associated with its ongoing business over the coming twelve months though new funding 
may be required thereafter. 

Management  is  conscious  that  to  further  develop  the  business  and  offer  attractive 
returns to shareholders, new sources of funds may be required.  These include finance to 
develop the Group’s Columbus field interest and for new programmes to add oil and gas 
reserves. The Group has a record of raising of capital through farm down and will seek to 
continue  this  strategy  whilst  it  seeks  other  sources  of  funding.  Other  strategic  and 
capital  raising  alternatives  open  to  Serica  include  the  issue  of  equity  or  other  financial 
instruments, the forward sale of production and corporate transactions. 

After  making  enquiries  and  having  taken  into  consideration  the  above  factors,  the 
Directors  have  reasonable  expectations  that  the  Group  has  adequate  cash  resources  to 
continue in operational existence for the foreseeable future. The successful conclusion of 
the  Erskine  transaction  is  expected  to  bring  significant  new  cash  flows  albeit  from  a 
single asset with associated performance and commodity price risks. Such risks and the 
potential  need  to  raise  additional  funds  to  cover  any  working  capital  needs  arising 
indicate  the  existence  of  material  uncertainties  which  may  cast  significant  doubt  about 
the consolidated entity’s ability to continue as a going concern and therefore whether it 
would realise its assets and extinguish its liabilities in the normal course of the business 
and at the amount stated in this financial report.  

These  financial  statements  do  not  include  any  adjustment  relating  to  the  recoverability 
or  classification  of  the  recorded  asset  amounts  or  to  the  amounts  or  classifications  of 
liabilities that might be necessary should the consolidated entity not be able to continue 
as a going concern.  

Use of judgement and estimates and key sources of estimation uncertainty 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to 
- 40 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
make  estimates  and  assumptions  that  affect  the  reported  amounts  of  assets  and 
liabilities as well as the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the balance sheet 
date  and  the  reported  amounts  of  revenues  and  expenses  during  the  reporting  period. 
Estimates  and  judgments  are  continuously  evaluated  and  are  based  on  management’s 
experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to 
be  reasonable  under  the  circumstances.  Actual  outcomes  could  differ  from  these 
estimates. 

The key sources of estimation uncertainty that have a significant risk of causing material 
adjustment  to  the  amounts  recognised  in  the  financial  statements  are:  the  assessment 
of  commercial  reserves,  the  impairment  of  the  Group  and  Company’s  assets  (including 
oil  &  gas  development  assets  and  Exploration  and  Evaluation  “E&E”  assets)  and  share-
based payment costs.  

Assessment of commercial reserves 
Management is required to assess the level of the Group’s commercial reserves together 
with the future expenditures to access those reserves, which are utilised in determining 
the  amortisation  and  depletion  charge  for  the  period  and  assessing  whether  any 
impairment charge is required. The Group employs independent reserves specialists who 
periodically  assess  the  Group’s  level  of  commercial  reserves  by  reference  to  data  sets 
including  geological,  geophysical  and  engineering  data 
together  with  reports, 
presentation  and  financial  information  pertaining  to  the  contractual  and  fiscal  terms 
applicable to the Group’s assets. In addition the Group undertakes its own assessment of 
commercial  reserves  and  related  future  capital  expenditure  by  reference  to  the  same 
datasets using its own internal expertise. 

Impairment 
The  Group  monitors  internal  and  external  indicators  of  impairment  relating  to  its 
intangible and tangible assets, which may indicate that the carrying value of the assets 
may not be recoverable. The assessment of the existence of indicators of impairment in 
E&E  assets  involves  judgement,  which  includes  whether  management  expects  to  fund 
significant  further  expenditure  in  respect  of  a  licence  and  whether  the  recoverable 
amount may not cover the carrying value of the assets. For development and production 
assets judgement is involved when determining whether there have been any significant 
changes in the Group’s oil and gas reserves. 

The Group determines whether E&E assets are impaired at an asset level and in regional 
cash  generating  units  (‘CGUs’)  when  facts  and  circumstances  suggest  that  the  carrying 
amount of a regional CGU may exceed its recoverable amount. As recoverable amounts 
are  determined  based  upon  risked  potential,  or  where  relevant,  discovered  oil  and  gas 
reserves,  this  involves  estimations  and  the  selection  of  a  suitable  pre-tax  discount  rate 
relevant  to  the  asset  in  question.  The  calculation  of  the  recoverable  amount  of  oil  and 
gas  development  properties  involves  estimating  the  net  present  value  of  cash  flows 
expected  to  be  generated  from  the  asset  in  question.  Future  cash  flows  are  based  on 
assumptions on matters such as estimated oil and gas reserve quantities and commodity 
prices. The discount rate applied is a pre-tax rate which reflects the specific risks of the 
country in which the asset is located. 

Management  is  required  to  assess  the  carrying  value  of  investments  in  subsidiaries  in 
the  parent  company  balance  sheet  for  impairment  by  reference  to  the  recoverable 
amount. This requires an estimate of amounts recoverable from oil and gas assets within 
the underlying subsidiaries (see note 15). 

Share-based payment costs  
The  estimation  of  share-based  payment  costs  requires  the  selection  of  an  appropriate 
valuation model, consideration as to the inputs necessary for the valuation model chosen 
and  the  estimation  of  the  number  of  awards  that  will  ultimately  vest,  inputs  for  which 
arise from judgments relating to the continuing participation of employees (see note 25). 

- 41 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basis of Consolidation 

The  consolidated  financial  statements  include  the  accounts  of  Serica  Energy  plc  (the 
“Company”) and its wholly owned subsidiaries Serica Holdings UK Limited, Serica Energy 
Holdings  B.V.,  Serica  Energy  (UK)  Limited,  Serica  Glagah  Kambuna  B.V.,  Serica  Sidi 
Moussa  B.V.,  Serica  Foum  Draa  B.V.,  Serica  Energy  Slyne  B.V.,  Serica  Energy  Rockall 
B.V.,  Serica  Namibia  B.V.,  Serica  Energy  Corporation,  Asia  Petroleum  Development 
Limited,  Petroleum  Development  Associates  (Asia)  Limited  and  Petroleum  Development 
Associates Lematang Limited. Together these comprise the "Group". 

All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. 

Foreign Currency Translation 

The functional and presentational currency of Serica Energy plc and all its subsidiaries is 
US dollars. 

Transactions  in  foreign  currencies  are  initially  recorded  at  the  functional  currency  rate 
ruling  at  the  date  of  the  transaction.  Monetary  assets  and  liabilities  denominated  in 
foreign currencies are retranslated at the foreign currency rate of exchange ruling at the 
balance  sheet  date  and  differences  are  taken  to  the  income  statement.  Non-monetary 
items  that  are  measured  in  terms  of  historical cost  in  a  foreign  currency  are  translated 
using  the  exchange  rate  as  at  the  date  of  initial  transaction.  Non-monetary  items 
measured  at  fair  value  in  a  foreign  currency  are  translated  using  the  exchange  rate  at 
the  date  when  the  fair  value  was  determined.  Exchange  gains  and  losses  arising  from 
translation are charged to the income statement as an operating item. 

Business Combinations and Goodwill 

Business combinations from 1 January 2010 

Business  combinations  are  accounted  for  using  the  acquisition  method.  The  cost  of  an 
acquisition  is  measured  as  the  aggregate  of  consideration  transferred,  measured  at 
acquisition  date  fair  value  and  the  amount  of  any  non-controlling  interest  in  the 
acquiree.  Acquisition  costs  incurred  are  expensed  and  included  in  administrative 
expenses. 

Goodwill  on  acquisition  is  initially  measured  at  cost  being  the  excess  of  purchase  price 
over  the  fair  market  value  of  identifiable  assets,  liabilities  and  contingent  liabilities 
acquired.  Following  initial  acquisition  it  is  measured  at  cost  less  any  accumulated 
impairment  losses.  Goodwill  is  not  amortised  but  is  subject  to  an  impairment  test  at 
least  annually  and  more  frequently  if  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that 
the carrying value may be impaired. 

At the acquisition date, any goodwill acquired is allocated to each of the cash-generating 
units,  or  groups  of  cash  generating  units  expected  to  benefit  from  the  combination's 
synergies.  Impairment is determined by assessing the recoverable amount of the  cash-
generating unit, or groups of cash generating units to which the goodwill relates. Where 
the recoverable amount of the cash-generating unit is less than the carrying amount, an 
impairment loss is recognised. 

Joint Arrangements 

A  joint  operation  is  a  type  of  joint  arrangement  whereby  the  parties  that  have  joint 
control  of  the  arrangement  have  the  rights  to  the  assets  and  obligations  for  the 
liabilities, relating to the arrangement. 

- 42 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
The  Group  conducts  petroleum  and  natural  gas  exploration  and  production  activities 
jointly  with  other  venturers  who  each  have  direct  ownership  in  and  jointly  control  the 
operations  of  the  ventures.  These  are  classified  as  jointly  controlled  operations  and  the 
financial  statements  reflect  the  Group's  share  of  assets  and  liabilities  in  such  activities. 
Income  from  the  sale  or  use  of  the  Group’s  share  of  the  output  of  jointly  controlled 
operations,  and  its  share  of  joint  venture  expenses,  are  recognised  when  it is  probable 
that  the  economic  benefits  associated  with  the  transaction  will  flow  to/from  the  Group 
and their amount can be measured reliably.  

Full details of Serica’s  working interests in those petroleum and natural gas exploration 
and  production  activities  classified  as  jointly  controlled  operations  are  included  in  the 
Review of Operations.  

Exploration and Evaluation Assets 

As allowed under IFRS 6 and in accordance with clarification issued by the International 
Financial  Reporting  Interpretations  Committee,  the  Group  has  continued  to  apply  its 
existing  accounting  policy  to  exploration  and  evaluation  activity,  subject  to  the  specific 
requirements  of  IFRS  6.  The  Group  will  continue  to  monitor  the  application  of  these 
policies in light of expected future guidance on accounting for oil and gas activities. 

Pre-licence Award Costs 

Costs  incurred  prior  to  the  award  of  oil  and  gas  licences,  concessions  and  other 
exploration rights are expensed in the income statement. 

Exploration and Evaluation (E&E) 

The  costs  of  exploring  for  and  evaluating  oil  and  gas  properties,  including  the  costs  of 
acquiring  rights  to  explore,  geological  and  geophysical  studies,  exploratory  drilling  and 
directly related overheads, are capitalised and classified as intangible E&E assets. These 
costs are directly attributed to regional CGUs for the purposes of impairment testing; UK 
& Ireland and Africa.  

E&E  assets  are  not  amortised  prior  to  the  conclusion  of  appraisal  activities  but  are 
assessed  for  impairment  at  an  asset  level  and  in  regional  CGUs  when  facts  and 
circumstances suggest that the carrying amount of a regional cost centre may exceed its 
recoverable amount.  Recoverable amounts are determined based upon risked potential, 
and where relevant, discovered oil and gas reserves. When an impairment test indicates 
an excess of carrying value compared to the  recoverable amount, the carrying value of 
the regional CGU is written down to the recoverable amount in accordance with IAS 36. 
Such excess is expensed in the income statement. 

Costs of licences and associated E&E expenditure are expensed in the income statement 
if  licences  are  relinquished,  or  if  management  do  not  expect  to  fund  significant  future 
expenditure in relation to the licence. 

The E&E phase is completed when either the technical feasibility and commercial viability 
of  extracting  a  mineral  resource  are  demonstrable  or  no  further  prospectivity  is 
recognised.  At  that  point,  if  commercial  reserves  have  been  discovered,  the  carrying 
value of the relevant assets, net of any impairment write-down, is classified as an oil and 
gas  property  within  property,  plant  and  equipment,  and  tested  for  impairment.  If 
commercial  reserves  have  not  been  discovered  then  the  costs  of  such  assets  will  be 
written off. 

Asset Purchases and Disposals 

When a commercial transaction involves the exchange of E&E assets of similar size and 
characteristics, no fair value calculation is performed. The capitalised costs of the asset 
- 43 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
being sold are transferred to the asset being acquired. Proceeds from a part disposal of 
an E&E asset, including back-cost contributions are credited against the capitalised cost 
of the asset, with any excess being taken to the income statement as a gain on disposal. 

Farm-ins 

In  accordance  with  industry  practice,  the  Group  does  not  record  its  share  of  costs  that 
are  ‘carried’  by  third  parties  in  relation  to  its  farm-in  agreements  in  the  E&E  phase. 
Similarly,  while  the  Group  has  agreed  to  carry  the  costs  of  another  party  to  a  Joint 
Operating  Agreement  ("JOA")  in  order  to  earn  additional  equity,  it  records  its  paying 
interest that incorporates the additional contribution over its equity share.  

Property, Plant and Equipment – Oil and gas properties 

Capitalisation 

Oil  and  gas  properties  are  stated  at  cost,  less  any  accumulated  depreciation  and 
accumulated impairment losses. Oil and gas properties are accumulated into single field 
cost centres and represent the cost of developing the commercial reserves and bringing 
them into production together with the E&E expenditures incurred in finding commercial 
reserves previously transferred from E&E assets as outlined in the policy above. The cost 
will include, for qualifying assets, borrowing costs.  

Depletion 

Oil  and  gas  properties  are  not  depleted  until  production  commences.  Costs  relating  to 
each  single  field  cost  centre  are  depleted  on  a  unit  of  production  method  based  on  the 
commercial proved and probable reserves for that cost centre. The depletion calculation 
takes  account  of  the  estimated  future  costs  of  development  of  recognised  proved  and 
probable  reserves.  Changes  in  reserve  quantities  and  cost  estimates  are  recognised 
prospectively from the last reporting date. 

Impairment 

A review is performed for any indication that the value of the Group’s development and 
production assets may be impaired. 

For oil and gas properties when there are such indications, an impairment test is carried 
out  on  the  cash  generating  unit.  Each  cash  generating  unit  is  identified  in  accordance 
with  IAS  36.  Serica’s  cash  generating  units  are  those  assets  which  generate  largely 
independent  cash  flows  and  are  normally,  but  not  always,  single  development  or 
production  areas.  If  necessary,  impairment  is  charged  through  the  income  statement  if 
the  capitalised  costs  of  the  cash  generating  unit  exceed  the  recoverable  amount  of  the 
related commercial oil and gas reserves. 

Asset Disposals 

Proceeds  from  the  entire  disposal  of  a  development  and  production  asset,  or  any  part 
thereof, are taken to the income statement together  with the requisite proportional net 
book value of the asset, or part thereof, being sold. 

Decommissioning 

Liabilities for decommissioning costs are recognised when the Group has an obligation to 
dismantle  and  remove  a  production,  transportation  or  processing  facility  and  to  restore 
the  site  on  which  it  is  located.  Liabilities  may  arise  upon  construction  of  such  facilities, 
upon  acquisition  or  through  a  subsequent  change  in  legislation  or  regulations.  The 
amount  recognised  is  the  estimated  present  value  of  future  expenditure  determined  in 

- 44 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
accordance  with  local  conditions  and  requirements.  A  corresponding  tangible  item  of 
property, plant and equipment equivalent to the provision is also created.  

Any changes in the present value of the estimated expenditure is added to or deducted 
from the  cost of the assets to which it relates. The adjusted depreciable amount of the 
asset  is  then  depreciated  prospectively  over  its  remaining  useful  life.  The  unwinding  of 
the discount on the decommissioning provision is included as a finance cost. 

Property, Plant and Equipment - Other 

Computer  equipment  and  fixtures,  fittings  and  equipment  are  recorded  at  cost  as 
tangible assets. The straight-line method of depreciation is used to depreciate the cost of 
these assets over their  estimated useful lives.  Computer equipment is depreciated over 
three years and fixtures, fittings and equipment over four years. 

Inventories 

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined 
by  the  first-in  first-out  method  and  comprises  direct  purchase  costs  and  transportation 
expenses.  

Investments 

In its separate financial statements the Company recognises its investments in subsidiaries 
at cost less any provision for impairment. 

Financial Instruments 

Financial  instruments  comprise  financial  assets,  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  financial 
liabilities and equity instruments. 

Financial assets 

Financial assets within the scope of IAS 39 are classified as either financial assets at fair 
value  through  profit  or  loss,  or  loans  and  receivables,  as  appropriate.  When  financial 
assets  are  recognised  initially,  they  are  measured  at  fair  value.  Transaction  costs  that 
are  directly  attributable  to  the  acquisition  or  issue  of  the  financial  asset  are  capitalised 
unless  they  relate  to  a  financial  asset  classified  at  fair  value  through  profit  and  loss  in 
which case transaction costs are expensed in the income statement.  

The  Group  determines  the  classification  of  its  financial  assets  at  initial  recognition  and, 
where allowed and appropriate, re-evaluates this designation at each financial year end. 

Financial  assets  at  fair  value  through  profit  or  loss  include  financial  assets  held  for 
trading  and  derivatives.  Financial  assets  are  classified  as  held  for  trading  if  they  are 
acquired for the purpose of selling in the near term. 

Loans  and  receivables  are  non-derivative  financial  assets  with  fixed  or  determinable 
payments that are not  quoted in an active market. After initial measurement loans and 
receivables are  subsequently carried at amortised  cost, using the effective interest  rate 
method,  less  any  allowance  for  impairment.  Amortised  cost  is  calculated  by  taking  into 
account any discount or premium on acquisition over the period to maturity. Gains and 
losses  are  recognised  in  the  income  statement  when  the  loans  and  receivables  are  de-
recognised or impaired, as well as through the amortisation process. 

Cash and cash equivalents 

Cash and cash equivalents include balances with banks and short-term investments with 
original maturities of three months or less at the date acquired. 

- 45 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial liabilities 

Financial  liabilities  include  interest  bearing  loans  and  borrowings,  and  trade  and  other 
payables. 

Obligations  for  loans  and  borrowings  are  recognised  when  the  Group  becomes  party  to 
the  related  contracts  and  are  measured  initially  at  the  fair  value  of  consideration 
received less directly attributable transaction costs. 

After  initial  recognition,  interest-bearing  loans  and  borrowings  are  subsequently 
measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. 

Gains  and  losses  are  recognised  in  the  income  statement  when  the  liabilities  are 
derecognised as well as through the amortisation process. 

Equity 

Equity  instruments  issued  by  the  Company  are  recorded  in  equity  at  the  proceeds 
received, net of direct issue costs. 

Leases 

Operating  lease  payments  are  recognised  as  an  operating  expense  in  the  income 
statement on a straight line basis over the lease term. 

Revenue Recognition 

Revenue  is  recognised  to  the  extent  that  it  is  probable  that  the  economic  benefits  will 
flow  to  the  Group  and  the  revenue  can  be  reliably  measured.  Revenue  from  oil  and 
natural gas production is recognised on an entitlement basis for the Group’s net working 
interest. 

Finance Revenue 

Finance revenue chiefly comprises interest income from cash deposits on the basis of the 
effective  interest  rate  method  and  is  disclosed  separately  on  the  face  of  the  income 
statement. 

Finance Costs 

Finance costs of debt are allocated to periods over the term of the related debt using the 
effective interest method. Arrangement fees and issue costs are amortised and charged 
to the income statement as finance costs over the term of the debt. 

Borrowing costs 

Borrowing  costs  directly  relating  to  the  acquisition,  construction  or  production  of  a 
qualifying capital project under construction are capitalised and added to the project cost 
during construction until such time the assets  are  substantially ready  for their intended 
use  i.e  when  they  are  capable  of  commercial  production.  Where  funds  are  borrowed 
specifically to finance a project, the amounts capitalised represent the actual borrowing 
costs incurred. All other borrowing costs are recognised in the income statement in the 
period in which they are incurred. 

Share-Based Payment Transactions 

Employees (including directors) of the Group receive remuneration in the form of share-
based payment transactions, whereby employees render services in exchange for shares 

- 46 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
or rights over shares (‘equity-settled transactions’).  

Equity-settled transactions 
The cost  of equity-settled transactions with employees is measured  by reference to the 
fair value at the date on which they are granted.  In valuing equity-settled transactions, 
no  account  is  taken  of  any  service  or  performance  conditions,  other  than  conditions 
linked to the price of the shares of Serica Energy plc (‘market conditions’), if applicable. 

The  cost  of  equity-settled  transactions  is  recognised,  together  with  a  corresponding 
increase in equity, over the period in which the relevant employees become fully entitled 
to the award (the ‘vesting period’). The cumulative expense recognised for equity-settled 
transactions at each reporting date until the vesting date reflects the extent to which the 
vesting  period  has  expired  and  the  Group’s  best  estimate  of  the  number  of  equity 
instruments that will ultimately vest. The income statement charge or credit for a period 
represents the movement in cumulative expense recognised as at the beginning and end 
of that period. 

No  expense  is  recognised  for  awards  that  do  not  ultimately  vest,  except  for  awards 
where  vesting is  conditional  upon  a  market  or  non-vesting  condition, which  are  treated 
as vesting irrespective of whether or not the market or non-vesting condition is satisfied, 
provided that all other performance conditions are satisfied.  Equity awards cancelled are 
treated  as  vesting  immediately  on  the  date  of  cancellation,  and  any  expense  not 
recognised for the award at that date is recognised in the income statement. Estimated 
associated  national  insurance  charges  are  expensed  in  the  income  statement  on  an 
accruals basis. 

Where the terms of an equity-settled award are modified or a new award is designated 
as  replacing  a  cancelled  or  settled  award,  the  cost  based  on  the  original  award  terms 
continues  to  be  recognised  over  the  original  vesting  period.  In  addition,  an  expense  is 
recognised over the remainder of the new vesting period for the incremental fair value of 
any  modification,  based  on  the  difference  between  the  fair  value  of  the  original  award 
and  the  fair  value  of  the  modified  award,  both  as  measured  on  the  date  of  the 
modification. No reduction is recognised if this difference is negative. 

Income Taxes 

Current  tax,  including  UK  corporation  tax  and  overseas  corporation  tax,  is  provided  at 
amounts  expected  to  be  paid  using  the  tax  rates  and  laws  that  have  been  enacted  or 
substantively enacted by the balance sheet date. 

Deferred tax is provided using the liability method and tax rates and laws that have been 
enacted  or  substantively  enacted  at  the  balance  sheet  date.  Provision  is  made  for 
temporary differences at the balance sheet date between the tax bases of the assets and 
liabilities  and  their  carrying  amounts  for  financial  reporting  purposes.  Deferred  tax  is 
provided on all temporary differences except for: 

 

 

temporary  differences  associated  with investments  in  subsidiaries,  where  the  timing 
of the reversal of the temporary differences can be controlled by the Group and it is 
probable  that  the  temporary  differences  will  not  reverse  in  the  foreseeable  future; 
and 

temporary  differences  arising  from  the  initial  recognition  of  an  asset  or  liability  in  a 
transaction  that  is  not  a  business  combination  and,  at  the  time  of  the  transaction, 
affects neither the income statement nor taxable profit or loss. 

Deferred tax assets are recognised for all deductible temporary differences, to the extent 
that  it  is  probable  that  taxable  profits  will  be  available  against  which  the  deductible 
temporary  differences  can  be  utilised.  Deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  are  presented 
net only if there is a legally enforceable right to set off current tax assets against current 

- 47 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
tax liabilities and if the deferred tax assets and liabilities relate to income taxes levied by 
the same taxation authority. 

Earnings Per Share 

Earnings per share is calculated using the weighted average number  of ordinary shares 
outstanding  during  the  period.  Diluted  earnings  per  share  is  calculated  based  on  the 
weighted  average  number  of  ordinary  shares  outstanding  during  the  period  plus  the 
weighted  average  number  of  shares  that  would  be  issued  on  the  conversion  of  all 
relevant  potentially  dilutive  shares  to  ordinary  shares.  It  is  assumed  that  any  proceeds 
obtained  on  the  exercise  of  any  options  and  warrants  would  be  used  to  purchase 
ordinary  shares  at  the  average  price  during  the  period.  Where  the  impact  of  converted 
shares  would  be  anti-dilutive,  these  are  excluded  from  the  calculation  of  diluted 
earnings. 

New and amended standards and interpretations 

The accounting policies adopted are consistent with those of the previous financial year, 
except for the following new and amended IFRS and IFRIC interpretations effective as of 
1 January 2014 unless otherwise stated. The adoption of the standards or interpretations 
is described below: 

i)  Amendment to IAS 32: Offsetting Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities 

The  amendment  is  effective  for  annual  periods  beginning  on  or  after  1  January  2014. 
The  application  of  the  amendment  did  not  impact  on  the  financial  position  or 
performance of the Group or Company. 

ii)  Amendment to IAS 36: Recoverable Amount Disclosures for Non-Financial Assets 

The amendment addressed certain unintended consequences arising from consequential 
amendments made to IAS 36 when IFRS 13 was issued. The amendment is effective for 
annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2014. The application of the amendment 
did not impact on the financial position or performance of the Group or Company. 

Standards issued but not yet effective 

Certain  standards  or  interpretations  issued  but  not  yet  effective  up  to  the  date  of 
issuance  of  the  Group’s  financial  statements  are  listed  below.  This  listing  of  standards 
and  interpretations  issued  are  those  that  the  Group  reasonably  expects  to  have  an 
impact  on  disclosures,  financial  position  or  performance  when  applied  at  a  future  date. 
The Group intends to adopt these standards when they become effective. 

Standard 

Effective year 
commencing on or after 

IFRS 9 – Financial Instruments 
Amendments  to  IAS  16  and  IAS  38  –  Clarification  of 
Accountable Methods of Depreciation and Amortisation 
Amendments  to  IFRS  11  –  Accounting  for  Acquisition  of 
Interests in Joint Operations 
Annual Improvements to IFRSs 2010-2012 Cycle 
Annual Improvements to IFRSs 2011-2013 Cycle 

1 January 2018 * 
1 January 2016 

1 January 2016 

1 July 2014 
1 July 2014 

*Not yet endorsed by the EU 

- 48 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
3. 

Segment Information 

The  Group’s business is that of  oil & gas  exploration, development and production. The 
Group’s reportable segments are based on the location of the Group’s assets.  

The  following  tables  present  revenue,  profit  and  certain  asset  and  liability  information 
regarding  the  Group’s  geographical  reportable  segments  for  the  years  ended  31 
December 2014 and 2013. Costs associated with the UK corporate centre are included in 
the  UK  &  Ireland  reportable  segment.  Reportable  information  in  respect  of  the  Group’s 
interest in the producing Kambuna field in Indonesia is disclosed as a separate segment, 
with  income  statement  information  for  the  Kambuna  field  in  Indonesia  additionally 
classified as ‘discontinued’. 

Year ended 31 December 2014 

Revenue 
Continuing operations 
Other expenses 
Pre-licence costs 
Other asset write-offs 
E&E asset impairment/write-offs 
Operating loss and segment loss 

Finance revenue 
Loss before taxation 
Taxation charge for the year 
Loss after taxation 

UK & 
Ireland 
US$000 

Africa 

US$000 

Continuing  Discontinued 

Total 
  US$000 

US$000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

(4,868) 
(254) 
(34) 

- 
(258) 
(216) 
(17,559)  (12,460) 
(22,715)  (12,934) 

(4,868) 
(512) 
(250) 
  (30,019) 
  (35,649) 

26 
  (35,623) 
- 
  (35,623) 

(453) 
- 
- 
- 
(453) 

- 
(453) 
- 
(453) 

UK & 
Total 
Ireland 
US$000  US$000  US$000  US$000 

Africa  Kambuna 

Other segment information: 
Exploration and evaluation assets 
Other assets 
Unallocated assets 
Total assets 

55,207 
9,718 

2,636 
138 

- 
636 

64,925 

2,774 

636 

57,843 
10,492 
2,000 
70,335 

Segment liabilities 
Total liabilities 

(1,642) 
(1,642) 

(2,354) 
(2,354) 

(2) 
(2) 

(3,998) 
(3,998) 

Capital expenditure 2014: 
Exploration and evaluation assets 

2,395 

10,858 

- 

13,253 

- 49 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended 31 December 2013 

UK & 

 Ireland  Africa 

Continuing  Discontinued 

Total 

US$000  US$000 

  US$000 

US$000 

Revenue 

- 

- 

- 

4,032 

Other expenses 
Pre-licence costs 
Asset write-offs 
Depletion 
Depreciation 
Operating and segment (loss)/profit 

(4,369) 
(57) 
(299) 
- 
(109) 
(4,834) 

- 
(273) 
- 
- 
- 
(273) 

Finance revenue 
Finance costs 
Loss before taxation 
Taxation charge for the year 
Loss after taxation 

(4,369) 
(330) 
(299) 
- 
(109) 
(5,107) 

16 
(38) 
(5,129) 
- 
(5,129) 

(2,869) 
- 
- 
(1,036) 
- 
127 

- 
(6) 
121 
- 
121 

UK & 
Total 
 Ireland 
Africa  Kambuna 
US$000  US$000  US$000  US$000 

Other segment information: 
Exploration and evaluation assets 
Other assets 
Unallocated assets 
Total assets 

70,372 
12,403 

4,237 
89 

82,775 

4,326 

- 
3,508 

74,609 
16,000 
15,884 
3,508  106,493 

Segment liabilities 
Total liabilities 

(1,529)  (1,864)  (1,024) 
(1,529)  (1,864)  (1,024) 

(4,417) 
(4,417) 

Capital expenditure 2013: 
Exploration and evaluation assets 

4,429 

3,431 

- 

7,860 

Unallocated assets and liabilities comprise financing items (including cash on deposit). 

Information on major customers is provided in note 4. 

- 50 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
4. Discontinued Operation 

During  2013,  Serica’s  sole  remaining  interest  in  Indonesia  was  its  25%  interest  in  the 
Glagah  Kambuna  Technical  Assistance  Contract  (“TAC”).  The  TAC  covers  an  area  of 
approximately 380 square kilometres offshore North Sumatra and contains the Kambuna 
gas field.  Throughout the first half of 2013 the Company continued to benefit from cash 
flows  from  field  production  but, in  July  2013,  the  field  reached  the  end  of  its  economic 
life  and  was  shut-in.  The  partnership  agreed  handover  arrangements  with  the 
Indonesian  authorities  which  involved  securing  the  three  wells  and  wellhead  structure. 
Following  the  completion  of  the  agreed  decommissioning  procedures  in  Q4  2013,  the 
TAC  was  formally  terminated  on  31  December  2013  and  the  facilities  handed  over  to 
Pertamina. 

Following  the  developments  of  the  Kambuna  business  segment  in  the  second  half  of 
2013,  the  financial  results  of  the  Kambuna  field  are  now  disclosed  as  ‘discontinued’ 
operations and separate from the results of the continuing business segments.  

Results of discontinued operations 

The results of the discontinued operations are presented below: 

Year ended 

Year ended 
31 December  31 December 
2013 
US$000 

2014 
US$000 

Sales revenue 

Cost of sales  

Gross profit 

Other operating expenses 

Operating (loss)/profit 

Finance costs 

(Loss)/profit before taxation 

Taxation charge for the year 

(Loss)/profit for the year 

Earnings per ordinary share (EPS) 
Basic and diluted EPS on result in year 

- 

- 

- 

(453) 

(453) 

- 

(453) 

- 

(453) 

US$ 
(0.00) 

4,032 

(3,905) 

127 

- 

127 

(6) 

121 

- 

121 

US$ 
(0.00) 

The loss for 2014  comprised a final assessment for asset  write offs and minor operator 
expense as residual matters are closed out.  

The earnings per ordinary share for the discontinued operations is derived from the net 
loss  attributable  to  equity  holders  of  the  parent  from  discontinued  operations  of 
US$453,000 (2013: profit of US$121,000), divided by the weighted average number of 
ordinary shares for both basic and diluted amounts as disclosed in note 12. 

- 51 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Sales Revenue 

Gas sales 
Condensate sales 

2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

- 
- 

- 

1,653 
2,379 

4,032 

Gas  sales  revenue  in  2013  arose  from  three  customers,  the  most  significant  being  PLN 
(2013: US$1,071,000) and Pertiwi (2013: US$582,000). All condensate sales revenue in 
2013 was from one customer, PLN. 

Cost of Sales 

Operating costs 
Depletion (see note 14) 
Movement in inventories of oil 

Finance Costs 

2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

- 
- 
- 

- 

2,587 
1,036 
282 

3,905 

Finance  costs  consist  entirely  of  the  unwinding  of  a  discount  on  the  Kambuna 
decommissioning provision (see note 21).  

Other 

There are no taxation components within discontinued operations. 

The net cash flows attributable to the disposal group in discontinued operations are as 
follows: 

Year ended 31 December: 

Operating cash inflows 
Investing cash outflows 
Financing cash outflows 
Net cash inflow 

2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

1,404 
- 
- 
1,404 

2,351 
- 
- 
2,351 

- 52 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
5.  Analysis of Expenses by Function 

Administrative 
Impairment of E&E assets 
Other asset write-offs 
Other 

6.  Group Operating Loss 

This is stated after charging: 

2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

4,296 
30,019 
250 
1,084 

4,458 
131 
168 
350 

35,649 

5,107 

2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

Depreciation of other property, plant and equipment 

Total depreciation, depletion and amortisation expense 

- 

- 

109 

109 

Depletion of oil and gas properties is classified with cost of sales under discontinued  
operations. 

Operating lease rentals (minimum lease payments): 
- Land and buildings 
- Other 
Total lease payments recognised as an expense 

552 
22 
574 

524 
21 
545 

Operating sublease agreements where the Group is lessor 
In  the  year  ended  31  December  2014,  the  Group  received  US$140,000  (2013: 
US$127,000) of rental income receivable under a sub-lease of its office premises. 

7. Auditor’s Remuneration 

Audit of the Group accounts 
Audit of the Company’s accounts 
Audit of accounts of Company’s subsidiaries 
Total audit fees 

Other fees to auditor: 
Taxation advisory services 

2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

86 
28 
10 
124 

102 
34 
20 
156 

US$000 

US$000 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Fees  paid  to  Ernst  &  Young  LLP  and  its  associates  for  non-audit  services  are  not 
disclosed  in  the  individual  accounts  of  the  Company  as  Group  financial  statements  are 
prepared which are required to disclose such fees on a consolidated basis.  

- 53 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
8.  Staff Costs and Directors’ Emoluments 

a)  Staff Costs 

The average monthly number of persons  
employed by the Group during the year was: 

Management 
Technical 
Finance and administration 

Staff costs for the above persons: 
Wages and salaries 
Social security costs 
Other pension costs 
Share-based long-term incentives (including related NI cost) 

Staff costs for key management personnel: 
Short-term employee benefits 
Post-employment benefits 
Share-based payments 

2014 
No.  

2013 
No.  

3 
3 
4 

3 
3 
4 

10 

10 

US$000  US$000 

2,468 
309 
176 
337 

2,630 
347 
170 
234 

3,290 

3,381 

1,934 
86 
134 

2,092 
88 
128 

2,154 

2,308 

b)  Directors’ Emoluments 
The emoluments of the individual Directors were as follows. Other than fees paid to Jeffrey  
Harris in US$, all sums are paid in £ sterling but are converted at an exchange rate of  
£1=US$1.648 (2013: £1=US$1.564) to US$ being the reporting currency for the purposes of 
the Company’s accounts. 

A Craven Walker (1) 

C Hearne 
P Sadler (2) 

M Flegg  

N Pike 

I Vann 

S Theede 

J Harris  

2014 
Salary and 

2014 
Bonus 

2014 
Pension 

fees 

2014 
Benefits 

in kind 

2014 
Total 

2013 
Total 

US$000  US$000  US$000 

US$000  US$000  US$000 

511 
425 
- 
425 
91 
74 
74 
66 

1,666 

- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 
43 
- 
43 
- 
- 
- 
- 

86 

35 
8 
- 
11 
- 
- 
- 
- 

546 
476 
- 
479 
91 
74 
74 
66 

519 
522 
119 
524 
86 
70 
70 
64 

54 

1,806 

1,974 

- 54 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Note  (1)  Mr  Craven  Walker  has  acted  as  Interim  CEO  since  10  April  2011.  Since  1  May  2012,  Mr  Craven 
Walker  has  received  a  combined  fee  in  respect  of  services  as  Chairman  and  Interim  CEO  pending  the 
appointment  of  a  successor  to  the  CEO position.  Since  1  January 2013  this  fee  has  included  a  provision for 
travel allowance. He is not entitled to any other award such as share options, share scheme, bonus, pension 
or medical insurance. 

Note (2) Peter Sadler resigned on 27 June 2013 

Number of Directors securing benefits under defined 
contribution schemes during the year 
Number of Directors who exercised share options 

Aggregate gains made by Directors on the exercise of options 

2014 

2013 

2 
- 

3 
- 

US$000  US$000 
- 

- 

The  Group  defines  key  management  personnel  as  the  Directors  of  the  Company.  There 
are no transactions with Directors other than their remuneration as disclosed above and 
those described in Note 28. 

9. Finance Revenue  

Bank interest receivable 

Total finance revenue 

10. Finance Costs 

Bank loans 
Other interest payable 

Total finance costs 

2014 
US$000 
26 

2013 
US$000 
16 

26 

16 

2014 
US$000 
- 
- 

2013 
US$000 
37 
1 

- 

38 

Bank  loan  finance  costs  include  interest  payable,  unutilised  facility  fees  and  an 
amortisation  charge  of  associated  issue  costs.  The  unwinding  of  a  discount  on 
decommissioning  provisions  is  classified  within  finance  costs  under  ‘discontinued’ 
operations. 

- 55 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
11. Taxation 

a)  Tax charged/(credited) in the income statement 

Charge for the year 
Adjustment in respect of prior years 

Total current income tax charge 

Deferred tax 
Origination and reversal of temporary differences in the  
current year 
Adjustment in respect of prior years 
Adjustment to reflect tax rate changes in recognition of 
deferred tax 

Total deferred tax (credit) 

Tax charge in the income statement 

2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

-  

-  

- 

- 
- 

- 

- 
- 

-  

-  

- 

b)  Reconciliation of the total tax charge/(credit) 

The tax in the income statement for the year differs from the amount that would be 
expected by applying the standard UK corporation tax rate for the following reasons: 
corporation tax in the UK of  

2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

Accounting loss before taxation – continuing operations 

(35,623) 

(5,129) 

Accounting (loss)/profit before taxation – discontinued ops 

(453) 

121 

Accounting loss before taxation 

(36,076) 

(5,008) 

Expected tax credit at standard UK corporation tax rate of 
21.5% (2013 – 23.25%) 
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes 

  Write-off of exploration assets 
Unrecognised tax losses 
Accelerated Capital Allowances 
Different foreign tax rates 

(7,756) 
264 
7,016 
1,246 
(298) 
(472) 

(1,164) 
426 
- 
733 
- 
5 

Tax charge reported in the income statement 

- 

- 

- 56 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
c)  Unrecognised tax losses 

The  benefit  of  approximately  US$168.1  million  (2013:  US$114.7  million)  of  tax  losses 
has  not  been  recognised  in  these  consolidated  statements  which  reflects  the  extent  of 
the total available UK tax losses that have not been set against a deferred tax liability 
arising. The Group has  UK ring fence tax losses of US$186.3 million available as at 31 
December  2014  which  form  part  of  total  UK  tax  losses  of  approximately  US$212.2 
million (2013: US$175.0 million) that are available indefinitely for offset against future 
trading  profits  of  the  companies  in  which  the  losses  arose.  Of  this  amount  US$44.1 
million (2013: US$60.3 million) has been set off against taxable temporary differences.  

d)  Deferred tax 

The deferred tax included in the balance sheet is as follows: 

Deferred tax liability: 
Temporary differences on capital expenditure 

Deferred tax liability 

Deferred tax asset: 
Temporary difference on future recoverable costs 
Tax losses carried forward 

Deferred tax asset 

Net deferred tax liability 

The deferred tax in the Group income statement is as follows: 

Deferred tax in the income statement: 
Temporary differences on capital expenditure 
Temporary difference on future recoverable costs 
Tax losses carried forward 

2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

(27,345) 

(37,372) 

(27,345) 

(37,372) 

- 
27,345 

- 
37,372 

27,345 

37,372 

-  

-  

2014  
US$000 

2013  
US$000 

(10,027) 
- 
10,027 

2,036 
- 
(2,036) 

Deferred income tax (credit) 

-  

-  

e)  Changes to UK corporation tax legislation 

Legislation  to  reduce  the  main  rate  of  UK  corporation  tax  to  21% for  the  year 
commencing 1  April  2014  and  20%  for  the  year  from  1  April  2015  and  beyond  was 
enacted  in  July  2013.   From  1  January  2015,  the  rate  of  Supplementary  Charge  (SC) 
will be 20%, a further reduction of 10 percentage points in addition to the 2 percentage 
point  cut  announced  in  the  Chancellor’s  Autumn  Statement.  This  reduces  the  headline 
rate of tax from 62% to 50% for ring-fenced trading profits. 

The UK Government proposals to increase the extent to which the Small Field Allowance 
("SFA")  is  available  in  respect  of  small  developments  were  enacted  in  July  2013.  The 
allowance  is  now  extended  to  fields  with  reserves  of  6.25  million  tonnes  from  the 
previous  threshold  of  3.5  million  tonnes  and  the  allowance  available  in  respect  of  a 
qualifying field is increased from £75m (US$120m) to £150m (US$240m). 

- 57 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
f)  Unrecognised deferred tax liability 

In  2014  and  2013  there  are  no  material  temporary  differences  associated  with 
investments withbsidiaries forhich 
subsidiaries for which deferred tax liabilities have not been recognised. 

g)  Company 

The Company has US$25.4 million (2013: US$ 23.5 million) of UK corporation tax  
losses which are not recognised as deferred tax assets. 

12.  Earnings Per Share 

Basic earnings or loss per ordinary share amounts are calculated by dividing net profit or 
loss  for  the  year  attributable  to  ordinary  equity  holders  of  the  parent  by  the  weighted 
average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year.  

Diluted earnings per share amounts are calculated by dividing the net profit attributable 
to ordinary equity holders of the Company by the weighted average number of ordinary 
shares outstanding during the year plus the weighted average number of ordinary shares 
that would be issued on the conversion of dilutive potential ordinary shares into ordinary 
shares.  As  a  result  of  the  net  loss  for  the  years  ended  31  December  2013  and  2014, 
there is no dilutive effect of the share options in these years. 

The following reflects the income and share data used in the basic and diluted earnings 
per share computations: 

Net loss from continuing operations 

2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

(35,623) 

(5,129) 

Net loss attributable to equity holders of the parent 

(36,076) 

(5,008) 

2014 
’000 

2013  
’000 

Basic weighted average number of shares 

250,179 

191,266 

Diluted weighted average number of shares 

250,179 

191,266 

Basic and diluted EPS on loss on continuing operations (US$) 
Basic and diluted EPS on loss for the year (US$) 

2014 
US$ 

(0.14) 
(0.14) 

2013  
US$ 

(0.03) 
(0.03) 

On  completion  of  the  acquisition  of  an  18%  interest  in  the  Erskine  field,  13,500,000 
ordinary  shares  will  be  issued  to  BP  as  part  of  the  consideration.  These  will  represent 
approximately 5.1% of Serica’s enlarged issued share capital. 

- 58 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
13. Exploration and Evaluation Assets 

Group 

Cost: 
1 January 2013 

Additions 
Write offs 

31 December 2013 

Additions 
Write offs 

31 December 2014 

Provision for impairment: 
1 January 2013 and 1 January 2014 
Impairment charge for the year 

31 December 2014 

Net book value: 
31 December 2014 

31 December 2013 

1 January 2013 

Total 
US$000 

66,880 

7,860 
(131) 

74,609 

13,253 
(12,519) 

75,343 

- 
(17,500) 

(17,500) 

57,843 

74,609 

66,880 

The aggregate impairment and write-off charge against E&E assets in 2014 was US$30.0 
million (2013: US$0.1 million) and comprised an impairment charge  of US$17.5 million 
against  the  Columbus  asset  in  the  UK  &  Ireland  cash  generating  unit,  and  E&E  asset 
write-offs  of  US$12.5  million  (2013:  US$0.1 million)  of  which  US$7.4  million  related  to 
the costs incurred on the Sidi Moussa block in Morocco, US$5.0 million from the adjacent 
Foum Draa block and US$0.1 million in the UK.  

Management  currently  sees  limited  prospectivity  on  the  Foum  Draa  block  and  given  it 
will not be funding any significant work on the licence has writen off the costs incurred. 
Whilst interpretation of the Sidi Moussa well data is ongoing, there are no plans to fund 
significant future expenditure on this block and the costs have also been written off.  

The  partial  impairment  recorded  against  Columbus  book  amounts  has  arisen  from 
revised  economic  evaluations,  the  primary  factor  being  the  use  of  lower  hydrocarbon 
prices in management’s estimation of future discounted cash flows of the asset. 

The recoverable amount of US$34.5 million for the Columbus asset was determined on a 
fair value less costs of disposal basis using a discounted cash flow model. The projected 
cash flows are extrapolated until 2029 using a 2.5% growth rate and were adjusted for 
risks specific to the asset and discounted using a  pre-tax discount rate of 10.57%. This 
discount rate is derived from the Group’s post-tax weighted average cost of capital and 
is adjusted where applicable to take into account any specific risks relating to the region 
where the cash generating unit is located.  

- 59 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In determining FVLCD it is necessary to make a series of assumptions to estimate future 
cash flows including volumes, price assumptions and cost estimates. Accordingly, the fair 
value is categorised as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. 

The calculation is most sensitive to the following assumptions; discount rates, oil prices, 
reserves  estimates  and  project  risk.  Changes  in  these  assumptions,  or  the  status  of 
negotiations  on  the  infrastructure  access  for  the  asset,  could lead  to  a  material  change 
to the recoverable amount in future periods. 

Other  asset  write  offs  in  the  Income  Statement  consisted  of  a  US$0.2  million  charge 
against obsolete inventory (2013: US$0.2 million).  

Company 

The Company has no E&E assets. 

- 60 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Oil and gas 
properties 

Computer/IT 
Equipment 

US$000 

US$000 

Fixtures, 
Fittings & 
Equipment 
US$000 

14.  Property, Plant and Equipment 

Group 

Cost 
1 January 2013 
Disposals * 

31 December 2013 

Additions 

31 December 2014 

62,842 
(62,842) 

- 

- 

- 

Depreciation and depletion 
1 January 2013 
Charge for the year 
Disposals * 
31 December 2013 

61,806 
1,036 
(62,842) 
- 

Charge for the year 

31 December 2014 

Net book amount 
31 December 2014 

31 December 2013 

- 

- 

- 

- 

1 January 2013 

1,036 

Total 

US$000 

63,932 
(62,842) 

1,090 

- 

1,090 

62,787 
1,145 
(62,842) 
1,090 

- 

1,090 

- 

- 

901 
- 

901 

- 

901 

800 
101 
- 
901 

- 

901 

- 

- 

189 
- 

189 

- 

189 

181 
8 
- 
189 

- 

189 

- 

- 

8 

101 

1,145 

*The  Kambuna  field  oil  and  gas  properties  were  handed  over  to  the  Indonesian 
authorities on 31 December 2013. 

Impairment of oil and gas properties 
The net book amount of the Group’s only producing asset was fully depleted in July 2013 
following the cessation of production from the Kambuna field. No annual impairment test 
on the Group’s property, plant and equipment was therefore required as at 31 December 
2013. 

Other 
Depletion charges on oil and gas properties are classified within ‘cost of sales’. 

Borrowing interest payable costs relating to drilling of development wells, that have been 
capitalised  within  oil  and  gas  properties  during  2009,  prior  to  the  commencement  of 
production, amounted to US$1,200,000, at a weighted average interest of 4.6%. 

Company 
The Company has no property, plant and equipment. 

- 61 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
15.  Investments 

Company – Investment  in subsidiaries 

Cost: 
1 January 2013 

Increase in investment 

31 December 2013 

Increase in investment 

31 December 2014 

Provision for impairment: 
1 January 2013  
Impairment charge for the year 

31 December 2013 
Impairment charge for the year 

31 December 2014 

Net book amount: 
31 December 2014 

31 December 2013 

1 January 2013 

Total 
US$000 

132,684 

- 

132,684 

- 

132,684 

(118,854) 
(13,830) 

(132,684) 
- 

(132,684) 

- 

- 

13,830 

In  the  Company  financial  statements,  the  cost  of  the  investment  acquired  on  the 
Reorganisation (see note 1) was calculated with reference to the market value of Serica 
Energy  Corporation  as  at  the  date  of  the  Reorganisation.  As  a  UK  company,  under 
Section 612 of the Companies Act 2006, the Company is entitled to merger relief on its 
share reorganisation with Serica Energy Corporation, and the excess of US$112,174,000 
over the nominal value of shares issued (US$7,475,000) has been credited to a merger 
reserve.  Following  the  impairment  charges  recorded  in  2010  and  2013  against  the 
Company’s  investment  in  subsidiary  undertakings,  all  amounts  initially  credited  to  the 
merger reserve have been eliminated.  

Management has assessed the carrying value of investments in subsidiaries in the parent 
company balance sheet for impairment by reference to the recoverable amount.  

The incremental provisions for impairment arising in 2013 of US$13,830,000 against the 
investment  in  subsidiaries,  and  US$26,170,000  against  amounts  owed  by  Group 
undertakings (see note 18) have been made following a fall in value in certain of the oil 
and gas assets held by the Company’s subsidiary undertakings.  

- 62 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Details of the investments in which the Group and the Company (unless indicated) hold 
20% or more of the nominal value of any class of share capital are as follows: 

Name of company: 

Holding 

Nature of 
business 

Serica Holdings UK Ltd  
Ordinary 
Serica Energy Holdings B.V. (i & iii)  Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Serica Energy (UK) Ltd  (i) 
Ordinary 
Serica Sidi Moussa BV (i & iii) 
Ordinary 
Serica Foum Draa BV (i & iii) 
Ordinary 
Serica Energy Slyne BV (i & iii) 
Ordinary 
Serica Energy Rockall BV (i & iii) 
Serica Energy Namibia BV (i & iii) 
Ordinary 
Serica Glagah Kambuna BV (i & iii)  Ordinary   Development 
Serica Energy Corporation (i & ii) 
APD Ltd (i & ii) 
PDA Asia Ltd (i & ii) 
PDA (Lematang) Ltd (i) 

Holding 
Holding 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 
Exploration 

Dormant 
Dormant 
Dormant 
Dormant 

Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 
Ordinary 

% voting 
rights 
and 
shares 
held 
2014 

% voting 
rights 
and 
shares 
held  
2013 

100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 

100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 
100 

(i) Held by a subsidiary undertaking 
(ii) Incorporated in the British Virgin Islands 
(iii) Incorporated in the Netherlands 

16.  Other Non-current Assets 

Group 

2014 
US$000 

  Company 
2014 
US$000  US$000 

2013 

2013 
US$000 

Other receivables 

247 

1,293 

- 

- 

Other  receivables  are  represented  by  amounts  recoverable  from  the  Indonesian 
authorities relating to the Kambuna asset. Amounts at 31 December 2013 were disclosed 
net of an impairment of US$427,000. 

- 63 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
17.  Inventories 

Materials and spare parts 

Group 

2014 
US$000 

  Company 
2014 
US$000  US$000 

2013 

2013 
US$000 

- 

- 

258 

258 

- 

- 

- 

- 

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined 
by  the  first-in  first-out  method  and  comprises  direct  purchase  costs  and  transportation 
expenses.  US$216,000  was  expensed  in  the  income  statement  as  an  asset  write-off 
against materials and spare parts in 2014 (2013: US$168,000). 

18.  Other Current Receivables 

Due within one year: 
Amounts owed by Group undertakings 
Trade receivables 
Amounts recoverable from JV partners 
Other receivables 
Prepayments and accrued income 

Group 
2014 
US$000 

  Company 
2014 
US$000  US$000 

2013 

- 
- 
531 
1,293 
528 

- 
1,428 
1,334 
597 
492 

57,513 
- 
- 
193 
351 

2013 
US$000 

97,416 
- 
- 
395 
337 

Trade and other receivables 

2,352 

3,851 

58,057 

98,148 

Financial assets 

- 

420 

- 

420 

Trade receivables at 31 December 2013 arose from one customer, PLN.  

None  of  the  Group’s  receivables  are  considered  impaired.  The  Directors  consider  the 
carrying amount of trade and other receivables approximates to their fair value. 

Financial  assets  entirely  relate  to  restricted  cash  on  deposit  with  financial  institutions 
securing various guarantees and performance bonds associated with the Group’s trading 
activities. Management considers that there are no unreasonable concentrations of credit 
risk  within  the  Group  or  Company.  The  financial  assets  disclosed  above  are  not 
considered past due nor impaired. 

At  the  reporting  date  the  amounts  owed  by  Group  undertakings  to  the  Company  are 
disclosed  net  of  an  impairment  of  US$88,030,000  (2013:  US$33,509,000)  –  see  note 
15. 

- 64 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
19.  Cash and Short-Term Deposits 

Group 
2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

Company 
2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

Cash at bank and in hand 
Short-term deposits 

7,893 
2,000 

10,178 
15,884 

7,447 
2,000 

9,575 
15,884 

9,893 

26,062 

9,447 

25,459 

Cash  at  bank  earns  interest  at  floating  rates  based  on  daily  bank  deposit  rates.  Short-
term  deposits  are  made  for  varying  periods  of  between  one  day  and  six  months 
depending  on  the  immediate  cash  requirements  of  the  Group,  and  earn  interest  at  the 
respective  short  to  medium  term  deposit  rates.  The  Group’s  exposure  to  credit  risk 
arises  from  potential  default  of  a  counterparty,  with  a  maximum  exposure  equal  to  the 
carrying  amount.  The  Group  seeks  to  minimise  counterparty  credit  risks  by  only 
depositing  cash  surpluses  with  major  banks  of  high  quality  credit  standing,  and 
spreading the placement of funds over a range of institutions.  

Financial  institutions,  and  their  credit  ratings,  which  held  greater  than  10%  of  the 
Group’s cash and short-term deposits at the balance sheet date were as follows: 

S&P credit 

rating 

Group 
2014 
US$000 

  Company 
2014 
US$000  US$000 

2013 

HSBC Bank plc 
J.P. Morgan Chase 
Barclays Bank plc 

A-1+ 
A-1 
A-1 

2,476 
- 
7,408 

8,358 
8,827 
8,760 

2,476 
- 
6,971 

2013 
US$000 

8,358 
8,827 
8,273 

For the purposes of the consolidated  and Company cash flow statement, cash and cash 
equivalents comprise the above amounts at 31 December. 

- 65 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
20.  Trade and Other Payables 

Current: 
Trade payables 
Other payables 

21.  Provisions 

Group 
2014 
US$000 

  Company 
2014 
US$000  US$000 

2013 

2013 
US$000 

1,119 
2,879 

958 
3,459 

847 
320 

575 
384 

3,998 

4,417 

1,167 

959 

Provisions for decommissioning and restoration of oil and gas assets are: 

At 1 January 
Unwinding of discount (see note 4) 
Payments and utilisation of provision 

At 31 December 

2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

- 
- 
- 

- 

1,601 
6 
(1,607) 

- 

The  Kambuna  field  ceased  production  in  July  2013  and  the  field  decommissioning  work 
programme  was  completed  in  November  2013.  Although  no  decommissioning  provision 
is recorded as at 31 December 2013 as the work had been completed, certain liabilities 
arising from the work programme had not been paid at that date and are recorded within 
trade and other payables.  

Any  payments  made  in  prior  periods  into  a  restricted  fund  were  recognised  at  the 
relevant  Balance  Sheet  date  as  a  separate  asset  within  other  receivables  and  not 
deducted from the gross liability. 

22.  Financial Instruments 

The  Group’s  financial  instruments  comprise  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  bank  loans  and 
borrowings, accounts payable and accounts receivable. It is management’s  opinion that 
the Group is not exposed to significant interest, credit or currency risks arising from its 
financial instruments other than as discussed below: 

Serica has exposure to interest rate fluctuations on its cash deposits and bank loans; 
given the level of expenditure plans over 2015/16 this is managed in the short-term 
through  selecting  treasury  deposit  periods  of  one  to  six  months.  Cash  and  treasury 
credit risks are mitigated through spreading the placement of funds over a range of 
institutions  each  carrying  acceptable  published  credit  ratings 
to  minimise 
concentration and counterparty risk. 

Where  Serica  operates  joint  ventures  on  behalf  of  partners  it  seeks  to  recover  the 
appropriate share of costs from these third parties. The majority of partners in these 
ventures  are  well  established  oil  and  gas  companies.  In  the  event  of  non  payment, 
operating agreements typically provide recourse through increased venture shares.  

Serica retains certain non US$ cash holdings and other financial instruments relating 
to its operations. The US$ reporting currency value of these may fluctuate from time 
to time causing reported foreign exchange gains and losses. Serica maintains a broad 
strategy  of  matching  the  currency  of  funds  held  on  deposit  with  the  expected 

- 66 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
expenditures  in  those  currencies.  Management  believes  that  this  mitigates  most  of 
any actual potential currency risk from financial instruments. 

It is management’s opinion that the fair value of its financial instruments approximate to 
their carrying values, unless otherwise noted. 

Interest Rate Risk Profile of Financial Assets and Liabilities 
The interest rate profile of the financial assets and liabilities of the Group as at 31 December is 
as follows: 

Group 
Year ended 31 December 2014 

Fixed rate 
Short-term deposits 

Floating rate 
Cash 

Within 1 year 
US$000 
2,000 

1-2 years   2-5 years 
US$000 
- 

US$000 
- 

Within 1 year 
US$000 
7,893 

1-2 years 
US$000 
- 

2-5 years 
US$000 
- 

Year ended 31 December 2013 
 2008 
Fixed rate 
Short-term deposits 
Short-term financial assets 

Within 1 year 
US$000 
15,884 
420 

1-2 years 
US$000 
- 
- 

2-5 years 
US$000 
- 
- 

Floating rate 
Cash 

Within 1 year 
US$000 
10,178 

1-2 years 
US$000 
- 

2-5 years 
US$000 
- 

Total 
US$000 
2,000 
2,000 
Total 
US$000 
7,893 
7,893 

Total 
US$000 
15,884 
420 

16,304 

Total 
US$000 
10,178 

10,178 

The following table demonstrates the sensitivity of finance revenue and finance costs to 
a reasonably possible change in interest rates, with all other variables held constant, of 
the  Group’s  loss  before  tax  (through  the  impact  on  fixed  rate  short-term  deposits  and 
applicable bank loans).  

Increase/decrease in interest rate 

+0.75% 
-0.75% 

Effect on (loss)  Effect on (loss) 
before tax 
2013 
US$000 
143 
(143) 

before tax 
2014 
US$000 
138 
(138) 

The  other  financial  instruments  of  the  Group  that  are  not  included  in  the  above  tables 
are non-interest bearing and are therefore not subject to interest rate risk. 

- 67 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The interest rate profile of the financial assets and liabilities of the Company as at 31 
December is as follows: 

Company 
Year ended 31 December 2014 

Fixed rate 
Short-term deposits 

Within 1 year 
US$000 
2,000 

1-2 years   2-5 years 
US$000 
- 

US$000 
- 

Total 
US$000 
2,000 
2,000 

Total 
US$000 
7,447 
7,447 

Total 
US$000 
15,884 
420 
16,304 

Within 1 year  1-2  years  2-5  years 
US$000 
- 

US$000 
7,447 

US$000 
- 

Within 1 year  1-2  years  2-5  years 
US$000 

US$000 

US$000 
15,884 
420 

- 
- 

- 
- 

Within 1 year  1-2  years 
US$000 

US$000 

2-5 years 
US$000 

Total 
US$000 

9,575 

- 

- 

9,575 
9,575 

Floating rate 
Cash 

Year ended 31 December 2013 

Fixed rate 
Short-term deposits 
Short-term financial assets 

Floating rate 
Cash 

Credit risk 

The  Group’s  and  Company’s  exposure  to  credit  risk  relating  to  financial  assets  arises 
from the default of a counterparty with a maximum exposure equal to the carrying value 
as at the balance sheet date. Where Serica operates joint ventures on behalf of partners 
it seeks to recover the appropriate share of costs from these third  parties. The majority 
of partners in these ventures are well established oil and gas companies. In the event of 
non  payment,  operating  agreements  typically  provide  recourse  through  increased 
venture  shares.  Cash  and  treasury  credit  risks  are  mitigated  through  spreading  the 
placement of funds over a range of institutions each carrying acceptable published credit 
ratings to minimise counterparty risk.  

Foreign currency risk 

The  Group  enters  into  transactions  denominated  in  currencies  other  than  its  US  dollar 
reporting  currency.  Non  US$  denominated  balances,  subject  to  exchange  rate 
fluctuations, at year-end were as follows: 

Cash and cash equivalents: 

Pounds sterling 
Canadian dollars 
Norwegian kroner 
Euros 

Group 
2014 
US$000 

2013 
US$000 

Company 
2014 
US$000 

8,386 
1 
12 
296 

4,362 
- 
- 
- 

4,663 
- 
9 
125 

- 68 - 

2013 
US$000 

8,100 
1 
- 
- 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accounts receivable: 
Pounds sterling 

Trade payables: 
Pounds sterling 
Canadian dollars 
Euros 

451 

931 

177 

354 

1,343 
- 
157 

1,260 
41 
103 

776 
- 
40 

1,185 
41 
20 

The following table demonstrates the  Group’s sensitivity to a 10% increase or decrease 
in the US Dollar against the Pound sterling. The sensitivity analysis includes only foreign 
currency denominated monetary items and adjusts their translation at the year end for a 
10% change in the foreign currency rate.  

Increase/decrease in foreign exchange rate 

10% strengthening of US$ against £GBP 
10% weakening of US$ against £GBP 

Liquidity risk 

Effect on (loss) 
before tax 
2014 
US$000 
377 
(377) 

Effect on (loss) 
before tax 
2013 
US$000 
806 
(806) 

The  table  below  summarises  the  maturity  profile  of  the  Group  and  Company’s  financial 
liabilities at 31 December 2014 based on contractual undiscounted payments. The Group 
monitors  its  risk  to  a  potential  shortage  of  funds  by  monitoring  the  maturity  dates  of 
existing debt. 

Group 
Year ended 31 December 2014  Within 
 1 year 

1 to 2 years 

2 to 5 years 

Total 

US$000 

US$000 

US$000  US$000 

Trade and other payables 

3,998 

- 

- 

3,998 

Year ended 31 December 2013 

Within  
1 Year 
US$000 

1 to 2 years 
US$000 

2 to 5 years 

Total 
US$000  US$000 

Trade and other payables 

4,417 

- 

- 

4,417 

Company 
Year ended 31 December 2014  Within 
 1 year 

1 to 2 years 

2 to 5 years 

Total 

US$000 

US$000 

US$000  US$000 

Trade and other payables 

1,167 

- 

- 

1,167 

- 69 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Year ended 31 December 2013 

Within  
1 Year 
US$000 

1 to 2 years 
US$000 

2 to 5 years 

Total 
US$000  US$000 

Trade and other payables 

959 

- 

- 

959 

Commodity price risk 

During 2013, all of the Group’s gas production was sold at fixed contracted prices.  

All condensate production was sold at prices linked to the spot market. During much of 
the Kambuna field production period, fluctuations in condensate price were largely offset 
by variations in cost recovery.  

The Group had no gas or liquid sales in 2014. 

Fair values of financial assets and liabilities 

Management  assessed  that  the  fair  values  of  cash  and  short-term  deposits,  trade 
receivables,  trade  payables  and  other  current  liabilities  approximate  their  carrying 
amounts largely due to the short-term maturities of these instruments. As such the fair 
value hierarchy is not provided. 

Capital management 

The  primary  objective  of  the  Group’s  capital  management  is  to  maintain  appropriate 
levels of funding to meet the commitments of its forward programme of exploration and 
development  expenditure,  and  to  safeguard  the  entity’s  ability  to  continue  as  a  going 
concern  and  create  shareholder  value.  At  31  December  2014,  capital  employed  of  the 
Group  amounted  to  US$66.3  million  (comprised  of  US$66.3  million  of  equity 
shareholders’ funds and US$nil million of borrowings), compared to US$102.1 million at 
31  December  2013  (comprised  of  US$102.1  million  of  equity  shareholders’  funds  and 
US$nil of borrowings).  

At  31  December  2014,  capital  employed  of  the  Company  amounted  to  US$66.3  million 
(comprised  of  US$66.3  million  of  equity  shareholders’  funds  and  US$nil  million  of 
borrowings),  compared  to  US$123.1  million  at  31  December  2013  (comprised  of 
US$123.1 million of equity shareholders’ funds and US$nil million of borrowings). 

- 70 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
23.  Equity Share Capital 

The  concept  of  authorised  share  capital  was  abolished  under  the  Companies  Act  2006 
and  shareholders  approved  the  adoption  of  new  Articles  of  Association  at  the  2010 
Annual General Meeting which do not contain any reference to authorised share capital. 

The share capital of the Company comprises one “A” share of £50,000 and 250,179,039 
ordinary shares of US$0.10 each. The “A” share has no special rights.  

The balance classified as total share capital includes the total net proceeds (both nominal 
value  and  share  premium)  on  issue  of  the  Group  and  Company’s  equity  share  capital, 
comprising US$0.10 ordinary shares and one ‘A’ share.  

Allotted, issued and fully paid: 

Group 

Share 

Share   
Total 
capital  premium  Share capital 
US$000 

Number  US$000  US$000 

As at 1 January 2013 

182,770,311 

18,367  191,391 

209,758 

Shares issued (i) 

67,408,729 

6,741 

11,459 

18,200 

As at 31 December 2013 

250,179,040 

25,108  202,850 

227,958 

Shares issued  

- 

- 

- 

- 

As at 31 December 2014 

250,179,040 

25,108  202,850 

227,958 

Allotted, issued and fully paid: 

Company 

Share  

Share 
Total 
capital  premium  Share capital 
US$000 

capital 

Number  US$000  US$000 

As at 1 January 2013 

182,770,311 

18,367  156,119 

174,486 

Shares issued (i) 

67,408,729 

6,741 

11,459 

18,200 

As at 31 December 2013 

250,179,040 

25,108  167,578 

192,686 

Shares issued  

- 

- 

- 

- 

As at 31 December 2014 

250,179,040 

25,108  167,578 

192,686 

i) 

In  November  2013,  the  Company  raised  US$18.2  million  (net  of  expenses) 
through the issue of 67,408,729 ordinary shares at 18 pence each. The issue 
price represented a discount of 1.4% to the mid-market price of 18.25 pence 
per ordinary share on 21 October 2013, the announcement date of the share 
placing and open offer being 22 October 2013. 

- 71 - 

 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
24.  Additional Cash Flow Information 

Analysis of Group net cash 
Year ended 31 December 2014 

1 January 

2014  Cash flow 
US$000 

US$000 

Non-cash 
movements 
US$000 

31 
December 
2014 
US$000 

Cash 
Short-term deposits 

10,178 
15,884 

(2,246) 
(13,746) 

(39) 
(138) 

7,893 
2,000 

26,062 

(15,992) 

(177) 

9,893 

Year ended 31 December 2013 

1 January 

2013  Cash flow 
US$000 

US$000 

Non-cash 
movements 
US$000 

31 
December 
2013 
US$000 

Cash 
Short-term deposits 

14,595 
7,750 

(4,570) 
7,872 

153 
262 

10,178 
15,884 

22,345 

3,302 

415 

26,062 

Analysis of Company net cash 
Year ended 31 December 2014 

1 January 

2014  Cash flow 
US$000 

US$000 

Non-cash 
movements 
US$000 

31 
December 
2014 
US$000 

Cash 
Short-term deposits 

9,575 
15,884 

(2,101) 
(13,746) 

(27) 
(138) 

7,447 
2,000 

25,459 

(15,847) 

(165) 

9,447 

Year ended 31 December 2013 

Cash 
Short-term deposits 

1 January 

2013  Cash flow 
US$000 

US$000 

Non-cash 
movements 
US$000 

31 
December 
2013 
US$000 

13,674 
7,750 

(4,247) 
7,846 

21,424 

3,599 

148 
288 

436 

9,575 
15,884 

25,459 

- 72 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
25.  Share-Based Payments 

Share Option Plans 

Following  a  Reorganisation  in  2005  (see  note  1),  the  Company  established  an  option 
plan  (the  “Serica  2005  Option  Plan”)  to  replace  the  Serica  Energy  Corporation  Share 
Option Plan (the “Serica BVI Option Plan”). The objective of these plans is to develop the 
interest of Directors, officers, key employees and certain consultants of the Group in the 
growth and development of the Group by providing them with the opportunity to acquire 
an  interest  in  the  Company  and  to  assist  the  Company  in  retaining  and  attracting 
executives with experience and ability. 

Serica  Energy  Corporation  (“Serica  BVI”)  was  previously  the  holding  company  of  the 
Group  but,  following  the  Reorganisation,  is  now  a  wholly  owned  subsidiary  of  the 
Company.  Prior  to  the  Reorganisation,  Serica  BVI  issued  options  under  the  Serica  BVI 
Option Plan and following the Reorganisation the Company has agreed to issue ordinary 
shares to holders of Serica BVI Options already awarded upon exercise of such options in 
place of the shares in Serica BVI to which they would be entitled. At 31 December 2014 
there  were  options  outstanding  under  the  Serica  BVI  Option  Plan  entitling  holders  to 
acquire  up  to  an  aggregate  of  700,000  ordinary  shares  of  the  Company.  No  further 
options will be granted under the Serica BVI option plan. 

As  at  31  December  2014,  the  Company  has  granted  20,332,460  options  under  the 
Serica  2005  Option  Plan,  10,680,460  of  which  are  currently  outstanding.  The  Serica 
2005  Option  Plan  will  govern  all  future  grants  of  options  by  the  Company  to  Directors, 
officers, key employees and certain consultants of the Group.  

The Serica 2005 Option Plan is comprised of two parts, the basic share option plan and a 
part which constitutes an Enterprise Management Incentive Plan (“EMI Plan”) under rules 
set out by the  H.M. Revenue  & Customs in the United Kingdom. Options granted under 
the Serica 2005 Option Plan can be granted, at the discretion of the Board, under one or 
other  of  the  two  parts  but,  apart  from  certain  tax  benefits  which  can  accrue  to  the 
Company and its UK employees if options are granted under the part relating to the EMI 
Plan meeting the conditions of that part of the Serica 2005 Option Plan, all other terms 
under which options can be awarded under either part are substantially identical. 

The Directors intend that the maximum number of ordinary shares which may be utilised 
pursuant  to  the  Serica  2005  Option  Plan  will  not  exceed  10%  of  the  issued  ordinary 
shares  of  the  Company  from  time  to  time  in  line  with  the  recommendations  of  the 
Association of British Insurers. 

5,944,690 of the 10,680,460 options outstanding under the Serica 2005 Option Plan are 
exercisable  only  if  certain  performance  targets  being  met.  These  include  the  following 
options subject to market conditions; 110,000 options awarded to an executive director 
in December 2005, 350,000 options awarded to an executive director in March 2008 and 
1,425,000  options  awarded  to  executive  directors  in  January  2010.  In  April  2011, 
200,000  options  were  awarded  to  an  executive  director  and  200,000  options  were 
awarded to an employee  exercisable only if certain operational performance targets are 
met. In October 2012 a further 800,000 share options under the Serica 2005 Option Plan 
were  granted  to  two  current  executive  directors,  all  of  these  options  are  subject  to 
performance  conditions.  Details  of  the  performance  conditions  attached  are  provided  in 
the Directors’ Report. In November 2012, 400,000 options were granted to a consultant 
subject  to  performance  conditions.  In  January  2014  a  further  1,200,000  share  options 
under the Serica 2005 Option Plan were granted to two current executive directors, all of 
these  options  are  subject  to  performance  conditions.  Details  of  the  performance 
conditions attached are provided in the Directors’ Report. 

The  Company  calculates  the  value  of  share-based  compensation  using  a  Black-Scholes 
option pricing model (or other appropriate model for those Directors’  options subject to 
- 73 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
certain  market  conditions)  to  estimate  the  fair  value  of  share  options  at  the  date  of 
grant.  There  are  no  cash  settlement  alternatives.  The  estimated  fair value  of  options is 
amortised to expense over the options' vesting period. US$337,000 has been charged to 
the  income  statement  in  continuing  operations  for  the  year  ended  31  December  2014 
(2013  –  US$252,000)  and  a  similar  amount  credited  to  the  share-based  payments 
reserve,  classified  as  ‘Other  reserve’  in  the  Balance  Sheet.  US$134,000  (2013  – 
US$128,000)  of  the  total  continuing  operations  charge  was  in  respect  of  key 
management personnel (defined in note 8).  

The  options  granted  in  2014  and  2013  were  consistently  valued  in  line  with  the 
Company’s  valuation  policy.  Assumptions  made  included  a  weighted  average  risk-free 
interest rate of 3%, no dividend yield, a weighted average expected life of three years, 
and a volatility factor of expected market price of in a range from 50-70%. The weighted 
fair value of options granted during the year was £0.07 (2013:£0.15). 

The following table illustrates the number and weighted average exercise prices (WAEP) 
of, and movements in, share options during the year: 

Serica BVI option plan 

Outstanding as at 1 January 
Expired during the year 

2014 
Number 
1,900,000 
(1,200,000) 

2014 
WAEP 
Cdn$ 
1.46 
1.67 

2013 
Number 
1,900,000 
- 

2013 
WAEP 
Cdn$ 
1.46 
- 

Outstanding as at 31 December 

700,000 

1.11 

1,900,000 

1.46 

Exercisable as at 31 December 

700,000 

1.11 

1,900,000 

1.46 

Serica 2005 option plan 
Outstanding as at 1 January 
Granted during the year 
Expired during the year 

9,108,460 
1,800,000 
(228,000) 

£ 
0.50 
0.13 
0.32 

9,058,460 
800,000 
(750,000) 

£ 
0.52 
0.23 
0.40 

Outstanding as at 31 December 

10,680,460 

0.44 

9,108,460 

0.50 

Exercisable as at 31 December 

4,735,500 

0.74 

4,513,500 

0.76 

The  weighted  average  remaining  contractual  life  of  options  outstanding  as  at  31 
December 2014 is 5.8 years (2013: 5.5 years). 

For  the  Serica  BVI  option  plan,  the  exercise  price  for  outstanding  options  at  the  2014 
year  end  ranges  from  Cdn$1.00  to  Cdn$1.80  (2013:  Cdn$1.00  to  Cdn$1.80).  For  the 
Serica 2005 option plan, the exercise price for outstanding options at the 2014 year end 
ranges from £0.13 to £1.04 (2013: £0.18 to £1.04). 

- 74 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
As  at  31  December  2014,  the  following  director  and  employee  share  options  were 
outstanding:  

Expiry Date  

Amount 

January 2015 
June 2015 

600,000 
100,000 

November 2015  
January 2016 
June 2016 
January 2017 
May 2017 
March 2018 
March 2018 
January 2020 
April 2021 
January 2022 
October 2022 
January 2023 
November 2023 
January 2024 

280,000 
135,000 
270,000 
243,000 
210,000 
594,000 
350,000 
2,203,500 
450,000 
2,144,960 
1,200,000 
400,000 
400,000 
1,800,000 

Exercise cost 
Cdn$ 
600,000 
180,000 

Exercise cost 
£ 
271,600 
139,725 
259,200 
247,860 
218,400 
445,500 
287,000 
1,498,380 
141,188 
458,485 
348,000 
109,000 
72,000 
234,000 

On 16 January 2015, 600,000 share options under the Serica BVI Option Plan expired. 

26.  Commitments under Operating Leases 

Operating lease agreements where the Group is lessee 
At 31 December 2014 the Group has entered into commercial leases in respect of rental 
of office premises and office equipment. 

Future minimum rentals payable under non-cancellable operating leases are as follows: 

Not later than one year 

Later than one year and not later 
than five years 

Group 
2014 
US$000 
129 
- 

  Company 
2014 
US$000 
- 
- 

2013 
US$000 
137 
- 

2013 
US$000 
- 
- 

129 

137 

- 

- 

In March 2015, the Group entered into a new two year office operating lease on smaller 
premises  with  a  minimum  commitment  period  until  February  2016,  expiring  in  March 
2017. 

Operating sublease agreements where the Group is lessor 
In January 2013 the  Group entered into an operating sublease for part of its UK office, 
initially  expiring  in  March  2014  but  extended  until  March  2015.  At  31  December  2014, 
future  minimum  rentals  receivable  under  this  sublease  for  a  period  not  later  than  one 
year were US$30,000. 

27.  Capital Commitments and Contingencies 

At  31  December  2014,  other  amounts  contracted  for  but  not  provided  in  the  financial 
statements  for  the  acquisition  of  exploration  and  evaluation  assets  amounted  to  US$nil 
for  the  Group  and  US$nil  for  the  Company  (2013:  US$1.2  million  and  US$nil 

- 75 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
respectively).  The  2013  amounts  related  to  costs  incurred  on  Foum  Draa  drilling  in 
Morocco in January 2014. 

The Company also has  obligations to carry  out defined work  programmes  on its oil and 
gas properties, under the terms of the award of rights to these properties. The Company 
is not obliged to meet other joint venture partner shares of these programmes. 

Non-Erskine commitments 
The Group has no significant exploration commitments. The two exploration commitment 
wells  on  the  Morocco  licences  have  now  been  drilled.  On  the  Company’s  Namibian 
licence,  the  value  of  work  performed  to  date  by  the  JV  partners  on  the  3D  Seismic 
acquisition programme has exceeded the minimum obligation expenditure on exploration 
work of US$15.0 million covering the entire initial four year period of the licence, ending 
in December 2015.  

In the UK East Irish Sea, the Group’s carry on the exploration well on the Doyle prospect 
is  subject  to  a  cap  although  no  overrun  is  currently  forecast.  The  Group  has  no 
significant commitments on its other exploration licences.  

Other less material minimum obligations include G&G, seismic work and ongoing licence 
fees in the UK and Ireland. 

Erskine field commitments 
The  completion  of  the  Erskine  field  acquisition  will  bring  certain  financial  commitments. 
Net  revenues  from  the  Erskine  field  are  expected  to  assist  Serica  in  building  its  cash 
resources over coming months and years, but the Group has obligations to pay to BP the 
three  remaining  25%  tranches  of  US$2.775  million  (excluding 
interest)  cash 
consideration on 1 July 2016, 1 July 2017 and 1 July 2018 respectively. In addition the 
Group  is  likely  to  fund  further  significant  expenditure  later  in  2015  for  its  share  of 
remedial and upgrade work on the Lomond processing facilities.  

Other 
The Group occasionally has to provide security for a proportion of its future obligations to 
defined  work  programmes  or  other  commitments.  As  at  31  December  2013  it  fulfilled 
this obligation through the Company providing US$0.4 million of cash collateral included 
as a financial asset (restricted cash). No such obligations and cash collateral existed as 
at 31 December 2014. 

Where  the  Company  enters  into  financial  guarantee  contracts  and  guarantees  the 
indebtedness  of  other  companies  within  the  Group,  the  Company  considers  these  to  be 
insurance  arrangements,  and  accounts  for  them  as  such.  In  this  respect,  the  Company 
treats  the  guarantee  contract  as  a  contingent  liability  until  such  time  that  it  becomes 
probable that the Company will be required to make a payment under the guarantee.  

28.  Related Party Transactions and Transactions with Directors 

During  the  year  ended  31  December  2014,  a  total  sum  of  £122,500  was  paid  by  the 
Company for consultancy services provided on behalf of Antony Craven Walker. All sums 
paid  by  the  Company  were  promptly  reimbursed  by  Antony  Craven  Walker  and  no  net 
expense  therefore  incurred.  The  maximum  amount  outstanding  at  any  one  time  was 
£12,375. 

There are no other related party transactions, or transactions with Directors that require 
disclosure except for the remuneration items disclosed in the Directors Report  and note 
8 above. These disclosures include the compensation of key management personnel. 

The  Company’s  related  parties  consist  of  its  subsidiaries  and  the  transactions  and 
amounts due to/due from them are disclosed in the accompanying notes to the Company 
financial statements. 

- 76 - 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
29.  Post Balance Sheet Events 

As  noted  in  the  Financial  Review,  the  Company  expects  to  complete  imminently  the 
acquisition  of  an  18%  interest  in  UK  blocks  23/26a  (Area  B)  and  23/26b  (Area  B) 
containing the Erskine Field, from BP.  

- 77 - 

 
 
 
 
Group Proved plus Probable Reserves – Unaudited  

Western Europe 
Oil 
Gas 
bcf  mmbbl 

Oil 
mmbbl 

Total 
Indonesia 
Oil 
Gas 
bcf  mmbbl 

Total 

Total 
Gas  Oil & gas 
bcf 
mmboe 

At 1 January 2014 

1.5 

21.9 

0.0 

0.0 

1.5 

21.9 

5.2 

Revisions to 
Contingent Resources 

(1.5) 

(21.9) 

At 31 December 2014 

- 

- 

Proved developed 
Proved undeveloped 
Probable developed 
Probable undeveloped 

- 
0.8 
- 
0.7 

- 
12.1 
- 
9.8 

At 31 December 2013 

1.5 

21.9 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

- 

- 

- 
- 
- 
- 

- 

(1.5) 

(21.9) 

(5.2) 

- 

- 

- 

- 
0.8 
- 
0.7 

- 
12.1 
- 
9.8 

1.5 

21.9 

- 
2.9 
- 
2.3 

5.2 

Proved and probable reserves are based on independent reports prepared by consultants 
Netherland,  Sewell  &  Associates  (for  the  Columbus  Field  in  the  UK  North  Sea)  in 
accordance  with  the  reserve  definitions  of  the  Canadian  Oil  and  Gas  Evaluation 
Handbook.  Gas  reserves  at  31  December  2013  have  been  converted  to  barrels  of  oil 
equivalent  using  a  factor  of  6.0  bcf  per  mmboe  for  Western  Europe  (Columbus  field 
reserves) on the basis of a nominal gas calorific value of 1,000 BTU per cubic foot. 

The directors of Serica believe that in the current oil price environment, it is appropriate 
for  these  to  now  be  properly  considered  as  Contingent  Resources  rather  than  the 
previous  categorisation  as  Reserves.  In  view  of  the  reclassification,  and  since  no  new 
information  relating  to  the  field  was  obtained  in  2014,  it  was  not  considered  cost 
effective or necessary to obtain an updated report at the end of 2014. 

In  view  of  the  field  shut-in  in  July  2013  and  subsequent  handover  to  Pertamina, 
remaining  economic  hydrocarbon  reserves  as  at  31  December  2012  were  of  an 
immaterial  level,  equating  to  the  estimated  levels  of  declining  production  in  the 
remaining months of 2013 prior to handover. Accordingly no independent reserves audit 
was performed in 2012.  

- 78 -