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Sierra Bancorp

bsrr · NASDAQ Financial Services
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Ticker bsrr
Exchange NASDAQ
Sector Financial Services
Industry Banks - Regional
Employees 489
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FY2019 Annual Report · Sierra Bancorp
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2019 ANNUAL REPORT CONTENTS

1  Company Statements / Branch Locations

2  President’s Message

4  Board of Directors / Executive Officers

5  About Sierra Bancorp

6  About Bank of the Sierra

8  Results of Operations

10  Financial Condition

12  Senior Management Team / Administrative Officers

A copy of the Company’s 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K, including financial 

statements but without exhibits filed with the Securities and Exchange  

Commission, is enclosed herewith. Other news releases may also be  

obtained by visiting: SierraBancorp.com.

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2019 ANNUAL REPORT CONTENTS
1  Company Statements / Branch Locations
2  President’s Message
4  Board of Directors / Executive Officers
5  About Sierra Bancorp
6  About Bank of the Sierra
8  Results of Operations
10  Financial Condition
12  Senior Management Team / Administrative Officers

A copy of the Company’s 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K, including financial 

statements but without exhibits filed with the Securities and Exchange  

Commission, is enclosed herewith. Other news releases may also be  

obtained by visiting: SierraBancorp.com.

2019

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MISSION  
STATEMENT

To be responsible stewards  
for our shareholders by  
targeting top-quartile  
financial returns, while  
promoting a culture of  
fiscal discipline, ingenuity,  
and integrity.

OUR BRAND 
PROMISE

We will help make every  
community we’re part of better.

7 KEY  
STRATEGIES

1.   KEEP THINKING

 Anticipate and meet needs with  
a broad range of solutions.

2.  KEEP SERVING

 Provide quality service on a timely,  
competitive basis.

3.  KEEP LEARNING

 Be passionate about being the  
right person on the team.

4.  KEEP GROWING

 Encourage creativity and maximize 
every opportunity to improve.

5.  KEEP GIVING

 Serve our communities through  
involvement and reinvestment.

6.  KEEP STRIVING
  Be disciplined; aim for excellence.

7.  KEEP SMILING

 Enjoy the journey and have fun  
along the way.

Placer

Fresno

Kings

Tulare

San Luis 
Obispo

Santa Barbara

Ventura

Kern

Los Angeles

Selma  |  2011

LOCATIONS
Porterville Main St.  |  1978

Porterville West Olive  |  1981

Lindsay  |  1981

Exeter  |  1988

Visalia Mooney  |  1991

Three Rivers  |  1994

Visalia Main St.  |  1995

Santa Paula  |  2014

Dinuba  |  1997

Tulare  |  1998

Hanford  |  1998

Fillmore  |  2014

Santa Clarita  |  2014 

San Luis Obispo  |  2016 

Fresno Shaw Ave.  |  1999

Arroyo Grande  |   2016 

Bakersfield Ming Ave.  |  2000

Paso Robles  |  2016 

Tehachapi F St.  |  2000

Sanger  |  2016 

Tehachapi Old Town  |  2000

Atascadero  |  2016

California City  |  2000

Clovis  |  2004

Reedley  |  2005

 Bakersfield Riverlakes  |  2006

Delano  |  2007

Bakersfield  
Mt. Vernon Ave.  |  2008

 Bakersfield  
California Ave.  |  2017

Pismo Beach  |  2017

Santa Barbara  |  2017

Ventura  |  2017

Ojai  |  2017

Woodlake  |  2017

Fresno Sunnyside  |  2008

Fresno Palm  |  2018

Tulare Prosperity  |  2009

Lompoc  |  2018

Farmersville  |  2010

Rocklin LPO  |  2020  

2019 ANNUAL REPORT 

1

 
 
 
 
 
  
President’s Message

M any of us can remember predictions of the future  

from our childhood. Futurists have predicted inventions 
ranging from flying cars to robots doing all the household 

chores for us! While most of these predictions did not develop as  
anticipated – our robots resemble Roomba® robot vacuums instead 
of Rosie from The Jetsons – it is incredible how technology has 
shaped our lives. Not long ago, it would have sounded like science 
fiction to imagine a society where people have handheld computers 
in their pockets they can use to call anyone in the world. In addition, 
online shopping services have become a strong driver of customer 
behavior in all aspects of their lives, including banking.

Bank of the Sierra was founded over 40 years ago with the idea  
that community banking can offer a different experience. We  
continue with that same guiding principle today as we operate 40 
branches in eight counties along with a growing presence online.  
It is important that we maintain a focus both to serve customers  
in person as well as to provide the best online experience possible.

During 2019, our net income reached the  
highest point in our history, a 21% increase  
over 2018. There were several factors that  
drove this record-breaking number. While  
organic loan growth was challenging during  
the year, we saw strong balances in mortgage 
warehouse lines that drove higher interest  
income. We also closely examined processes  
and organizational structures, modifying as  
appropriate to improve our efficiency and  
customer experience. This process is  
ongoing today.

“ The best way to predict  
the future is to create it.”

– Peter Drucker

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As a growing bank, it is critical that we continue to build our  
executive officer team. With that intent, we hired Matthew Macia  
as our Executive Vice President and Chief Risk Officer in March 
2019 and Jennifer Johnson as our Executive Vice President and 
Chief Administrative Officer in February 2020. Another notable 
transition in our executive team occurred as Ken Taylor, our  
longtime Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer,  
retired in early 2020, and we selected Christopher Treece to  
succeed him in that position. Matthew, Jennifer, and Christopher 
have strong backgrounds in their respective fields and are key 
members of our executive team as we develop strategies for  
growth and continue to improve our internal risk and operational 
processes. They have already created a great dynamic for our  
executive team and we are excited to have them on board!

In the first quarter of 2020, we established two new business  
development groups, one focusing on the Sacramento region  
and the other on Southern California. These two teams consist  
of bankers with solid commercial lending experience and strong  
connections in their respective markets. They will provide us  
with an opportunity to leverage potential market disruption as  
consolidation continues to occur.

Challenges this year continue to unfold, none more impactful  
than the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic. The resulting Federal  
Reserve rate cuts and historic volatility in the bond and equity 
markets are only part of the story. Unprecedented shelter-at-home 
orders here in California and throughout the U.S. will have lasting 
impacts on our economy and our communities. To say this unique 
situation will create obstacles is an understatement, but the Bank  
is committed to managing the fundamentals of banking while  
navigating this very dynamic and challenging environment. With 
this backdrop, our entire banking team is working to position the 
Bank to weather the storm and to emerge stronger. As we learned 
from management consultant Peter Drucker, it is important that  
we create our own future. That is exactly how we were founded over  
40 years ago, and it is on that legacy that we will continue to build!

Sincerely,

Kevin J. McPhaill

“ Making good decisions 
is a crucial skill at  
every level.”

– Peter Drucker

2019 ANNUAL REPORT 

3

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Morris A. Tharp 
Chairman 
President & Owner, 
E.M. Tharp, Inc.

James C. Holly 
Vice Chairman 
Retired Banker /  
Formerly CEO, Bank 
of the Sierra and 
Sierra Bancorp

Albert L. Berra 
Director 
Rancher / Retired 
Orthodontist

Vonn Christenson 
Director
Partner, Christenson 
Law Firm

Laurence S. Dutto 
Director
Retired / Formerly  
Provost, College  
of the Sequoias

Robb Evans  
Director
Chairman, Robb Evans  
& Associates, LLC

Kevin J. McPhaill  
President & CEO 
Bank of the Sierra  
& Sierra Bancorp

Lynda B. Scearcy 
Director 
Retired Tax  
Professional / Formerly 
CPA, McKinley  
Scearcy Associates

Gordon T. Woods 
Director 
Owner & Operator, 
Gordon T. Woods 
Construction; CEO, 
Hydrokleen Systems

Robert L. Fields 
Director Emeritus 
Retired Jeweler

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS

FROM LEFT:

Kevin J. McPhaill  |  President & CEO

James F. Gardunio  |  Executive V.P. & CCO

Michael W. Olague  |  Executive V.P. & CBO

FROM LEFT:

Christopher G. Treece  |  Executive V.P. & CFO

Matthew Macia  |  Executive V.P. & CRO

Jennifer Johnson  |  Executive V.P. & CAO

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About  
Sierra  
Bancorp

Sierra Bancorp (the “Company”) is a bank holding company 
headquartered in Porterville, California. Our common  
stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under  
the symbol BSRR. The Company was formed to serve as  
the holding company for Bank of the Sierra (the “Bank”) and  
has been the Bank’s sole shareholder since August 2001. 
References herein to the “Company” include Sierra Bancorp 
and its consolidated subsidiary, the Bank, unless the context  
indicates otherwise. Sierra Bancorp’s unconsolidated  
subsidiaries include Sierra Statutory Trust II, Sierra  
Capital Trust III, and Coast Bancorp Statutory Trust II,  
which were formed to facilitate the issuance of capital  
trust pass-through securities. 

2019 ANNUAL REPORT 

5

About  
Bank of the Sierra

Bank of the Sierra is a California state-chartered bank headquartered in Porterville,  

California. We offer a broad range of retail and commercial banking services via branch 
offices located throughout the southern half of California’s Central Valley, the Central 

Coast, Ventura County, and neighboring communities. The Bank was incorporated in September  
1977 and opened for business in January 1978 as a one-branch bank with $1.5 million in capital and  
11 employees. We have since grown to be the largest bank headquartered in the South San Joaquin  
Valley, with 40 full-service branch offices and $2.6 billion in assets at December 31, 2019.

Our growth has largely been organic but includes four whole-bank acquisitions, including  
most recently Ojai Community Bank in 2017. Our post-recession branching activity includes the 
establishment of the Fresno-Palm branch and the purchase of the Lompoc branch in 2018, as 
well as opening de novo branches in Bakersfield and Pismo Beach and the acquisition of the 
Woodlake branch in 2017. We also opened a new loan production office in Rocklin in 2020. 

In addition to branch offices, the Bank maintains an agricultural credit division, a loan production  
office, an SBA lending group, and a mortgage warehouse lending unit. We also provide ATMs at 
nearly all branch locations and seven non-branch locations. Moreover, the Bank is a member 
of the Allpoint network, which allows our customers surcharge-free access to 43,000 ATMs 
across the nation and another 12,000 ATMs in foreign countries. Our customers also have  
access to electronic point-of-sale payment alternatives nationwide via the PULSE EFT network.

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Incorporated in  
September 1977

500+ employees

40 full-service 
branch offices*

$2.6 billion  
in assets**

To ensure that account access preferences are addressed for  
all customers, we provide the following options: an internet branch 
that provides the ability to open deposit accounts online; an online 
banking option with bill pay and mobile banking capabilities,  
including mobile check deposit; online lending solutions for  
consumers and small businesses; a customer service center  
that is accessible by toll-free telephone during business hours;  
and an automated telephone banking system that is usually  
accessible 24 hours a day, seven days a week. We offer a variety  
of other banking products and services to complement and  
support our lending and deposit products, including remote  
deposit capture and payroll services for business customers.

The Bank’s lending activities include real estate, commercial  
(including small business), mortgage warehouse, agricultural,  
and consumer loans. The bulk of our real estate loans are secured  
by commercial, professional, and agricultural properties, but  
we also offer commercial construction loans and multifamily  
credit facilities among other types of loans. At December 31, 2019,  
gross loans were $1.8 billion.

$2.2 billion  
in deposits**

Our deposit products include checking accounts, savings accounts,  
money market demand accounts, time deposits, retirement accounts,  
and business sweep accounts. The Bank’s deposit accounts are 
insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC) up  
to maximum insurable amounts. We attract deposits throughout 
our market area via referrals from other customers, diverse  
marketing campaigns, a customer-oriented product mix, competitive pricing, and by offering convenient locations, 
drive-through banking, and various other delivery channels. We strive to retain our deposit customers by providing  
a consistently high level of service. At December 31, 2019, we had 125,100 deposit accounts with balances totaling  
$2.2 billion. Based on June 30, 2019, FDIC combined market share data for the 31 cities in which the Company maintains 
branches, Bank of the Sierra ranks sixth with 4.7% of total deposits. In Tulare County, where the Bank was originally 
formed, we rank first for deposit market share with 20.3% of total deposits at June 30, 2019, and have the largest  
number of branch locations (13, including our online branch).

In summary, we have successfully transitioned from a small single-unit bank at inception into a multi-branch, regional 
operation. Our plans have adapted through the years to accommodate situational changes, take advantage of growth 
opportunities, and improve financial performance, with the goal of establishing our position as a top-performing bank. 
We feel that our rich history, which includes a strong commitment to our communities and a focus on shareholder  
returns, provides a solid foundation for continued expansion. Our depth of experience, healthy capital position, and  
access to liquidity resources should enable us to continue to take advantage of new and currently unforeseen  
opportunities, to the benefit of the Company’s investors, customers, and staff.

* This number is correct as of 12/31/2019.

** Complete financial information is contained in the Company’s Form 10-K included herewith.

2019 ANNUAL REPORT 

7

Results of  
Operations*

T he Company recognized record net income of $36.0 million in 2019, as compared to  

net income of $29.7 million in 2018, an increase of $6.3 million, or 21.2%. Net income  
per diluted share was $2.33 in 2019, as compared to $1.92 in 2018. The Company’s  

return on average assets and return on average equity were 1.40% and 12.23%, respectively,  
in 2019, as compared to 1.23% and 11.37%, respectively, in 2018. The Company’s efficiency ratio 
improved favorably in 2019 to 57.46% on a fully tax-equivalent basis, as compared to 60.79%  
in 2018. The following paragraphs summarize the major factors that impacted the Company’s 
results of operations in 2019 and 2018.

Net interest income improved by 5.4% in 2019 over 2018, due primarily to a 6.9% growth in  
average interest-earning assets. The increase in average earning assets was largely organic,  
resulting from concerted business development efforts and an emphasis on mortgage  
warehouse lending in 2019. Overall the average balances of mortgage warehouse loans  
increased by 56.0% during 2019. The positive impact of asset growth in 2019 was partially  
offset by a 5 basis point decline in net interest margin to 4.19% in 2019, resulting primarily  
from a 24 basis point increase in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities due to higher  
short-term interest rates in 2019. 

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BankoftheSierra.com

 * Complete financial information is contained in the Company’s Form 10-K included herewith.

We recorded a loan loss provision of $2.6 million in 2019, as  
compared to a $4.4 million provision in 2018. The larger provision  
in 2018 was due primarily to reserves required for specifically 
identified impaired loan balances, including $2.4 million for a large 
purchased participation loan that was placed on non-accrual  
status in the third quarter of 2018. The lower provision in 2019  
was a result of our determination of the appropriate level for  
our allowance for loan and lease losses under generally accepted  
accounting principles, taking into consideration overall credit  
quality and changes in outstanding loan balances. 

Noninterest income increased by $1.9 million, or 8.9%, in 2019  
over 2018, due mostly to a $1.6 million increase in income from 
bank-owned life insurance (“BOLI”) associated with deferred  
compensation plans. The increase in BOLI income also results  
in higher deferred compensation expense.

Noninterest expense increased by $0.6 million, or 0.8%, in 2019  
over 2018. Maintaining discipline over expenses during 2019 resulted  
in favorable improvements in our return on average assets, return 
on average equity, and efficiency ratio, as described above.

The Company recorded income tax provision of $11.8 million, or 
24.6% of pre-tax income, in 2019, and income tax provision of $9.9 
million, or 25.0% of pre-tax income, in 2018. As expected, the overall 
tax rate remained relatively stable throughout 2019 and 2018.

“ Success is no accident. It  
is hard work, perseverance, 
learning, studying, sacrifice, 
and most of all, love of what 
you are doing or learning  
to do.”

– Pelé

2019 ANNUAL REPORT 

9

Income Statement  
($000)  

2019

Net Interest  
Income 

Loan Loss  
Provision  

Noninterest  
Income 

Noninterest  
Expense 

Income  
Before Taxes 

Provision  
for Taxes 

$  97,369

$  2,550

$  23,477

$  70,758

$  47,718

$ 

11,757

Net Income 

$  35,961

 
Financial  
Condition*

T he Company’s assets totaled $2.6 billion at December 31, 2019, relative to $2.5 billion at 

December 31, 2018, for an increase of 2.8% during 2019. Total liabilities were $2.3 billion  
at the end of 2019, compared to $2.2 billion at the end of 2018. Shareholders’ equity  
totaled $309.3 million at December 31, 2019, relative to $273.0 million at December 31, 2018.  
The following paragraphs highlight key balance sheet changes during 2019.

Total loans increased by $30.8 million, or 1.8%, primarily as the result of growth of mortgage 
warehouse loans, which were up by $97.3 million during 2019. Mortgage warehouse loans 
increased during the second half of 2019 primarily because of increased consumer mortgage 
refinancing activity in 2019. Investments in securities available for sale increased by $40.3  
million, or 7.2%, to $600.8 million at December 31, 2019. The increase in investments was  
primarily due to a strategic decision to increase the Company’s level of municipal bonds.  
Municipal bonds totaled $188.3 million at December 31, 2019, as compared to $140.5 million  
at December 31, 2018. 

The allowance for loan losses to total loans was 0.56% at December 31, 2019, as compared to 
0.56% at December 31, 2018. As discussed in the Company’s Form 10-K included herewith, the 
adoption of new accounting standards for loan losses, commonly referred to as the current 
expected credit losses (“CECL”) methodology, is expected to increase our provision for loan  
loss significantly through a one-time adjustment to equity in the first quarter of 2020.

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BankoftheSierra.com

 * Complete financial information is contained in the Company’s Form 10-K included herewith.

Balance Sheet ($000) 

2019

Net Loans             

$   1,755,538

Investment 
Securities   

Intangible  
Assets 

$  600,799 

$ 

32,738             

Total Assets  

$  2,593,819                            

Deposits 

$   2,168,374                            

Other Liabilities 

$  

116,160                              

Total  
Shareholders’  
Equity            

Shares  
Outstanding  

$   309,285

  15,284,538

“ There are no such things  
as limits to growth,  
because there are no  
limits to the human  
capacity for intelligence, 
imagination, and wonder.”

– Ronald Reagan

Deposit balances reflect net growth of $52.0 million, or 2.5%,  
for 2019. The largest categories of deposit increases during 2019  
were in noninterest-bearing demand deposits of $28.4 million and  
NOW accounts of $24.1 million. The Company’s favorable composition  
of noninterest-bearing deposits remained strong. At December 31, 
2019, the percent of noninterest-bearing deposits to total deposits  
was 31.9%, as compared to 31.3% at December 31, 2018. Higher-cost 
time deposits increased by just $4.0 million during 2019, or 0.8%. 

Total equity increased by $36.3 million, or 13.3%, to $309 million at 
December 31, 2019. The increase in equity during 2019 is due to net 
income, net of dividends paid, and the change in other comprehensive 
gain due to higher valuations of the Company’s investment portfolio.  
All of the Company’s regulatory capital ratios increased during 2019.  
At December 31, 2019, the consolidated Tier One Leverage Ratio  
was 11.91%, as compared to 11.49% at December 31, 2018, which  
are significantly higher than the 5% minimum requirement to be  
considered “well capitalized” for regulatory purposes. The other  
regulatory capital ratios at December 31, 2019, were as follows:  
Common Equity Tier One Capital Ratio of 13.27%, Tier One Risk-Based 
Capital Ratio of 14.98%, and Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio of 15.48%.

2019 ANNUAL REPORT 

11

SENIOR  
MANAGEMENT  
TEAM  
(includes executive officers)

Mark Bernal

Senior V.P. /
Director of Branch 
Administration 

Mona M. Carr

Senior V.P. /  
Director of Process  
Operations

Melody Charlton

Senior V.P. /  
Chief Compliance 
Officer

Cindy L. Dabney

Senior V.P. /  
Chief Accounting 
Officer

Matthew P. Hessler

Senior V.P. /  
Director of Marketing

Jake Soerens

Senior V.P. /  
Director of IT

Deanna Spitzer

Senior V.P. /  
Director of Human 
Resources

Thomas Yamaguchi

Senior V.P. /  
Treasurer

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BankoftheSierra.com

MARKET PRESIDENTS
Kelli Blackburn  |  Market President 
Pismo Beach, Atascadero, Paso Robles, San Luis Obispo  
& Arroyo Grande Service Area

Janice Castle  |  Market President 
Porterville & Lindsay Service Area

Dustin Oliver  |  Market President 
Fresno, Clovis & Sanger Service Area

Mike Orman  |  Market President 
Ventura, Santa Barbara, Santa Paula, Fillmore, Ojai, Lompoc  
& Santa Clarita Service Area

Roy Salazar  |  Market President 
Tulare Service Area

David Soares  |  Market President 
Visalia, Exeter, Farmersville, Three Rivers & Woodlake Service Area

Mark Ulibarri  |  Market President 
Hanford, Selma, Dinuba & Reedley Service Area

Larry Velasquez  |  Market President 
Bakersfield, Delano, California City & Tehachapi Service Area

AG CREDIT CENTER
Harroll Wiley  |  Ag Credit President 
86 North Main Street  |  Porterville, CA 93257 
559.782.4900

LOAN PRODUCTION OFFICE
Deepak Bhakoo  |  Regional Business Development Manager
5701 Lonetree Blvd., Ste. 113  |  Rocklin, CA 95765
1.888.454.BANK

MORTGAGE WAREHOUSE  
LENDING CENTER
Theo Hatch  |  Vice President 
86 North Main Street  |  Porterville, CA 93257 
855.699.9133

SBA LOAN CENTER
Kelli Blackburn  |  Market President 
500 Marsh Street  |  San Luis Obispo, CA 93401 
1.888.454.BANK

CORPORATE OFFICES
Alexandra Blazar  |  Corporate Secretary 
86 North Main Street  |  Porterville, CA 93257 
559.782.4900  |  Info@BankoftheSierra.com 
BankoftheSierra.com  |  SierraBancorp.com

UNITED STATES 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION 
Washington, D.C. 20549 

FORM 10-K 

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) 
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2019 

Commission file number:  000-33063 

SIERRA BANCORP 
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) 

California 
(State of incorporation) 
86 North Main Street, Porterville, California 
(Address of principal executive offices) 

33-0937517 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) 
93257 
(Zip Code) 

(559) 782-4900 
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: 

Title of each class 
Common Stock, No Par Value 

Name of each exchange on which registered 
The NASDAQ Stock Market LLC (NASDAQ Global Select Market) 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.   ☐ Yes   ☒ No 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  ☐ Yes   ☒ No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 
12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. 

☒ Yes   ☐ No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during 
the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). 

☒ Yes   ☐ No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth 
company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b - 2 of the Exchange 
Act. (Check one): 

Large accelerated filer ☐ 
Non-accelerated filer ☐ 
Emerging growth company ☐ 

Accelerated filer ☒ 
Smaller reporting company ☐ 

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial 
accounting standards pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b  - 2 of the Act).  ☐ Yes   ☒ No 

As of June 28, 2019, the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates 
of the registrant was approximately $380 million, based on the closing price reported to the registrant on that date of $27.12 per share. Shares of Common Stock held by each 
officer and director and each person or control group owning more than ten percent of the outstanding Common Stock have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed 
to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes. 

The number of shares of common stock of the registrant outstanding as of March 1, 2020 was 15,296,888. 
Documents Incorporated by Reference:  Portions of the definitive proxy statement for the 2020 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be filed with the Securities and Exchange 
Commission pursuant to SEC Regulation 14A are incorporated by reference in Part III, Items 10 - 14. 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 

PART I 

TABLE OF CONTENTS 

PAGE 

Item 1.  Business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 1A.  Risk Factors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 1B.  Unresolved Staff Comments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 2.  Properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 3.  Legal Proceedings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 4.  Mine Safety Disclosures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

PART II   

Item 5.  Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer Purchases 
of Equity Securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 6.  Selected Financial Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations .  

Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure 

Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 9B.  Other Information . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

PART III  

Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 11.  Executive Compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related 

Shareholder Matters  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 14.  Principal Accounting Fees and Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

PART IV  

Item 15.  Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Item 16.  Form 10 - K Summary  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

SIGNATURES  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

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120

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PART I 

ITEM 1.       BUSINESS 

General 

The Company 

Sierra Bancorp (the “Company”) is a California corporation headquartered in Porterville, California, and is a registered 
bank holding company under federal banking laws. The Company was formed to serve as the holding company for Bank 
of the Sierra (the “Bank”), and has been the Bank’s sole shareholder since August 2001. The Company exists primarily 
for  the  purpose  of  holding  the  stock  of  the  Bank  and  of  such  other  subsidiaries  it  may  acquire  or  establish.  As  of 
December 31, 2019, the Company’s only other subsidiaries were Sierra Statutory Trust II, Sierra Capital Trust III, and 
Coast Bancorp Statutory Trust II, which were formed solely to facilitate the issuance of capital trust pass-through securities 
(“TRUPS”). Pursuant to the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) standard on the consolidation of variable 
interest entities, these trusts are not reflected on a consolidated basis in the financial statements of the Company. References 
herein to the “Company” include Sierra Bancorp and its consolidated subsidiary, the Bank, unless the context indicates 
otherwise.  At  December 31,  2019,  the  Company  had  consolidated  assets  of  $2.59  billion  (including  gross  loans  of 
$1.76 billion),  liabilities  totaling  $2.25  billion  (including  deposits  of  $2.17  billion),  and  shareholders’  equity  of 
$309 million. The Company’s liabilities include $35 million in debt obligations due to its trust subsidiaries, related to 
TRUPS issued by those entities. 

The Bank 

Bank of the Sierra, a California state-chartered bank headquartered in Porterville, California, offers a wide range of retail 
and commercial banking services via branch offices located throughout California’s South San Joaquin Valley, the Central 
Coast, Ventura County, and neighboring communities. The Bank was incorporated in September 1977, and opened for 
business in January 1978 as a one-branch bank with $1.5 million in capital. Our growth in the ensuing years has largely 
been organic in nature, but includes four whole-bank acquisitions:  Sierra National Bank in 2000, Santa Clara Valley Bank 
in 2014, Coast National Bank in 2016, and Ojai Community Bank in October 2017. See the Recent Developments section 
below for details on our latest acquisitions. 

Other than a new loan production office opened in February 2020 in the Sacramento area, there are not currently any plans 
for  additional  branches.  Our  recent  branching  activity  included  the  establishment  of  the  Fresno-Palm  branch  and  the 
purchase of the Lompoc branch in 2018, opening de novo branches in Bakersfield and Pismo Beach and the acquisition of 
the Woodlake branch in 2017 and opening a new branch in Sanger in 2016. With our latest acquisitions and branching 
activity, the Bank now maintains administrative offices and operates 40 full-service branches in the following California 
locations: 

Porterville: 

Administrative Headquarters 
86 North Main Street 

Main Office 
90 North Main Street 

West Olive Branch 
1498 West Olive Avenue 

Arroyo Grande: 

Arroyo Grande Office 
1360 East Grand Avenue 

Atascadero: 

Bakersfield: 

Atascadero Office 
7315 El Camino Real 

Bakersfield California Office 
4456 California Ave 

Bakersfield Riverlakes Office 
4060 Coffee Road 

Bakersfield Ming Office 
8500 Ming Avenue 

Bakersfield East Hills Office 
2501 Mt. Vernon Avenue 

1 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
California City: 

California City Office 
8031 California City Blvd. 

Clovis: 

Delano: 

Dinuba: 

Exeter: 

Clovis Office 
1835 East Shaw Avenue 

Delano Office 
1126 Main Street 

Dinuba Office 
401 East Tulare Street 

Exeter Office 
1103 West Visalia Road 

Farmersville: 

Farmersville Office 
400 West Visalia Road 

Fillmore: 

Fresno: 

Hanford: 

Lindsay: 

Lompoc: 

Ojai: 

Paso Robles: 

Pismo Beach: 

Fillmore Office 
527 Sespe Avenue 

Fresno Palm Office 
7391 North Palm Avenue 

Fresno Shaw Office 
636 East Shaw Avenue 

Fresno Sunnyside Office 
5775 E. Kings Canyon Rd. 

Hanford Office 
427 West Lacey Boulevard 

Lindsay Office 
142 South Mirage Avenue 

Lompoc Office 
705 West Central Avenue 

Ojai Office 
402 West Ojai Avenue 

Paso Robles Office 
1207 Spring Street 

Pismo Beach Office 
1401 Dolliver Street 

Reedley: 

Reedley Office 
1095 West Manning Ave. 

San Luis Obispo:  San Luis Obispo Office 

Sanger: 

500 Marsh Street 

Sanger Office 
1500 7th Street 

Santa Barbara: 

Santa Barbara Office 
21 East Carrillo Street 

Santa Clarita: 

Santa Clarita Office 
26328 Citrus Street 

2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Santa Paula: 

Selma: 

Tehachapi: 

Santa Paula Office 
901 East Main Street 

Selma Office 
2450 McCall Avenue 

Tehachapi Downtown Office 
224 West “F” Street 

Tehachapi Old Town Office 
21000 Mission Street 

Three Rivers: 

Three Rivers Office 
40884 Sierra Drive 

Tulare: 

Ventura: 

Visalia: 

Tulare Office 
246 East Tulare Avenue 

Tulare Prosperity Office 
1430 East Prosperity Avenue 

Ventura Office 
89 South California Street 

Visalia Mooney Office 
2515 South Mooney Blvd. 

Visalia Downtown Office 
128 East Main Street 

Woodlake: 

Woodlake Office 
232 N. Valencia Boulevard 

Complementing the Bank’s stand-alone offices are specialized lending units which include our Agricultural, SBA and 
Mortgage  Warehouse  lending  divisions.  We  also  have  ATMs  at  all  branch  locations  and  seven  non-branch  locations. 
Furthermore, the Bank is a member of the Allpoint network, which provides our deposit customers with surcharge-free 
access to over 55,000 ATMs across the United States, Puerto Rico, Mexico, Canada, Australia and the United Kingdom, 
and customers have access to electronic point-of-sale payment alternatives nationwide via the Pulse network. To ensure 
that account access preferences are addressed for all customers, we provide the following options: an internet branch which 
provides  the  ability  to  open  deposit  accounts  online;  an  online  banking  option  with  bill-pay  and  mobile  banking 
capabilities,  including  mobile  check  deposit;  online  lending  solutions for  consumers  and  small  businesses;  a  customer 
service center that is accessible by toll-free telephone during business hours; and an automated telephone banking system 
that is usually accessible 24 hours a day, seven days a week. We offer a variety of other banking products and services to 
complement  and  support  our  lending  and  deposit  products,  including  remote  deposit  capture  and  payroll  services  for 
business customers. 

Our chief products and services relate to extending loans and accepting deposits. Our lending activities cover real estate, 
commercial (including small business), mortgage warehouse, agricultural, and consumer loans. The bulk of our real estate 
loans are secured by commercial, professional office and agricultural properties, but we also offer commercial construction 
loans and multifamily credit facilities among other types of loans. As noted above, gross loans totaled $1.76 billion at 
December 31, 2019, and the percentage of our total loan and lease portfolio for each of the principal types of credit we 
extend was as follows: (i) loans secured by real estate (79.6%); (ii) agricultural production loans (2.7%); (iii) commercial 
and industrial loans and leases (including SBA loans and direct finance leases) (6.6%); (iv) mortgage warehouse loans 
(10.7%); and (v) consumer loans (0.4%). Interest, fees, and other income on real-estate secured loans, which is by far the 
largest segment of our portfolio, totaled $79.8 million, or 66% of net interest plus other income in 2019, and $73.0 million, 
or 64% of net interest plus other income in 2018. 

In  addition  to  loans,  we  offer  a  wide  range  of  deposit  products  and  services  for  individuals  and  businesses  including 
checking  accounts,  savings  accounts,  money  market  demand  accounts,  time  deposits,  retirement  accounts,  and  sweep 
accounts.  The  Bank’s  deposit  accounts  are  insured  by  the  Federal  Deposit  Insurance  Corporation  (the  “FDIC”)  up  to 
maximum insurable amounts. We attract deposits throughout our market area via referrals from other customers, direct-
mail campaigns, a customer-oriented product mix, and competitive pricing, and by offering convenient locations, drive-
through banking, and various other delivery channels. We strive to retain our deposit customers by providing a consistently 

3 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
high  level  of  service.  At  December 31,  2019,  the  consolidated  Company  had  125,100  deposit  accounts  totaling 
$2.17 billion, compared to 122,500 deposit accounts totaling $2.12 billion at December 31, 2018. 

We have not engaged in any material research activities related to the development of new products or services during the 
last  two  fiscal years.  However,  our  officers  and  employees  are  continually  searching  for  ways  to  increase  public 
convenience, enhance customer access to payment systems, and enable us to improve our competitive position. The cost 
to the Bank for these development, operations, and marketing activities cannot be calculated with any degree of certainty. 
We hold no patents or licenses (other than licenses required by bank regulatory agencies), franchises, or concessions. Our 
business has a modest seasonal component due to the heavy agricultural orientation of the Central Valley, but as our branch 
network has expanded to include more metropolitan areas we have become less reliant on the agriculture-related base. We 
are not dependent on a single customer or group of related customers for a material portion of our core deposits, but our 
time deposit balances at December 31, 2019 include $120 million in deposits from the State of California, comprising less 
than 6% of total deposits. Furthermore, for loans we have what could be considered to be concentrations in loans to the 
dairy industry (8% of total loans), and the hotel industry (11% of total loans). Our efforts to comply with government and 
regulatory mandates on consumer protection and privacy, anti-terrorism, and other initiatives have resulted in significant 
ongoing expense to the Bank, including compliance staffing costs and other expenses associated with compliance-related 
software. However, as far as can be determined there has been no material effect upon our capital expenditures, earnings, 
or competitive position as a result of environmental regulation at the Federal, state, or local level. The Company is not 
involved  with chemicals  or  toxins  that  might have  an  adverse  effect on the  environment,  thus  its  primary  exposure  to 
environmental legislation is through lending activities. The Company’s lending procedures include steps to identify and 
monitor this exposure in an effort to avoid any related loss or liability. 

Recent Developments 

On May 18, 2018, the Company purchased most of the deposits of the Lompoc branch of Community Bank of Santa Maria, 
located in Santa Barbara County. The purchase also included the Lompoc branch building, the real property on which the 
building is located, and certain other equipment and fixed assets at their aggregate fair value of $1.7 million. The Lompoc 
branch is now operating as a full-service branch of Bank of the Sierra. Lompoc branch deposits totaled $38 million at the 
time of purchase, consisting of $32 million in non-maturity deposits and $6 million in time deposits. In accordance with 
GAAP,  the  Company  recorded  a  $1.17  million  deposit  purchase  premium  in  connection  with  the  transaction  and  is 
amortizing that amount on a straight line basis over eight years. 

On November 3, 2017 the Company acquired the Woodlake branch of Citizen’s Business Bank. Woodlake branch deposits 
totaled approximately $27 million at the acquisition date, consisting largely of non-maturity deposits. The acquisition also 
included the purchase of the Woodlake branch building, the real property on which the building is located, and certain 
other  equipment  and  fixed  assets  at  their  aggregate  fair  value  of  $500,000.  In  accordance  with  GAAP,  the  Company 
recorded $.625 million of goodwill and a $.486 million core deposit intangible in connection with the transaction. The 
core deposit intangible is being amortized on a straight line basis over eight years. 

On October 1, 2017, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding common shares of Ojai Community Bancorp, parent 
company to Ojai Community Bank (collectively referred to herein as “Ojai”), in exchange for $.809 million in cash and 
1,376,431 shares of Sierra Bancorp stock. Immediately thereafter, Ojai Community Bank was merged into Bank of the 
Sierra. At the time of the acquisition, the fair value of Ojai’s loans and deposits totaled $218 million and $231 million, 
respectively. In accordance with GAAP, the Company also recorded $18.5 million of goodwill and a $3.5 million core 
deposit intangible in connection with the transaction. The core deposit intangible is being amortized on a straight line basis 
over  eight years.  The  conversion  of  Ojai’s  core  banking  system  to  Bank  of  the  Sierra’s  core  system  took  place  on 
November 3, 2017. 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

Information on recent accounting pronouncements is contained in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements. 

4 

Competition 

The banking business in California is generally highly competitive, including in our market areas. Continued consolidation 
within  the  banking  industry  has  heightened  competition  in  recent  periods,  following  on  the  heels  of  a  relatively  large 
number of FDIC-assisted takeovers of failed banks and other acquisitions of troubled financial institutions in the aftermath 
of the Great Recession. There are also a number of unregulated companies competing for business in our markets, with 
financial  products  targeted  at  profitable  customer  segments.  Many  of  those  companies  are  able  to  compete  across 
geographic boundaries and provide meaningful alternatives to banking products and services. These competitive trends 
are likely to continue. 

With respect to commercial bank competitors, our business is dominated by a relatively small number of major banks that 
operate a large number of offices within our geographic footprint. Based on June 30, 2019 FDIC combined market share 
data for the 31 cities within which the Company currently maintains branches, the largest portion of deposits belongs to 
Wells  Fargo  Bank  with  20.5%  of  total  combined  deposits,  followed  by  Bank  of  America  (18.9%),  JPMorgan  Chase 
(11.4%), and Union Bank (7.7%).   Bank of the Sierra ranks sixth on the 2019 market share list with 4.8% of total deposits. 
In Tulare County, however, where the Bank was originally formed, we rank first for deposit market share with 20.3% of 
total deposits at both June 30, 2019 and June 30, 2018, and had the largest number of branch locations (13, including our 
online branch). The larger banks noted above have, among other advantages, the ability to finance wide-ranging advertising 
campaigns and allocate their resources to regions of highest yield and demand. They can also offer certain services that 
we  do  not  provide  directly  but  may  offer  indirectly  through  correspondent  institutions,  and  by  virtue  of  their  greater 
capitalization those banks have legal lending limits that are substantially higher than ours. For loan customers whose needs 
exceed our legal lending limits, we typically arrange for the sale, or participation, of some of the balances to financial 
institutions that are not within our geographic footprint. 

In  addition  to  other  banks  our  competitors  include  savings  institutions,  credit  unions,  and  numerous  non-banking 
institutions  such  as  finance  companies,  leasing  companies,  insurance  companies,  brokerage  firms,  asset  management 
groups, mortgage banking firms and internet companies. Innovative technologies have lowered traditional barriers of entry 
and enabled many of these companies to offer services that were previously considered traditional banking products, and 
we have witnessed increased competition from companies that circumvent the banking system by facilitating payments 
via the internet, mobile devices, prepaid cards, and other means. 

Strong competition for deposits and loans among financial institutions and non-banks alike affects interest rates and terms 
on  which  financial  products  are  offered  to  customers.  Mergers  between  financial  institutions  have  created  additional 
pressures within the financial services industry to streamline operations, reduce expenses, and increase revenues in order 
to remain competitive. Competition is also impacted by federal and state interstate banking laws which permit banking 
organizations to expand into other states. The relatively large California market has been particularly attractive to out-of-
state institutions. 

For years we have countered rising competition by offering a broad array of products with flexibility in structure and terms 
that cannot always be matched by our competitors. We also offer our customers community-oriented, personalized service, 
and rely on local promotional activity and personal contact by our employees. As noted above, layered onto our traditional 
personal-contact banking philosophy are technology-driven initiatives that improve customer access and convenience. 

Employees 

As of December 31, 2019 the Company had 446 full-time and 67 part-time employees. On a full-time equivalent (“FTE”) 
basis staffing stood at 513 at December 31, 2019, down from 541 FTE employees at December 31, 2018. 

Regulation and Supervision 

Banks  and  bank  holding  companies  are  heavily  regulated  by  federal  and  state  laws  and  regulations.  Most  banking 
regulations are intended primarily for the protection of depositors and the deposit insurance fund and not for the benefit of 
shareholders. The following is a summary of certain statutes, regulations and regulatory guidance affecting the Company 
and the Bank. This summary is not intended to be a complete explanation of such statutes, regulations and guidance, all 

5 

of which are subject to change in the future, nor does it fully address their effects and potential effects on the Company 
and the Bank. 

Regulation of the Company Generally 

The Company is a legal entity separate and distinct from the Bank and its other subsidiaries. As a bank holding company, 
the Company is regulated under the Bank Holding Company Act of 1956 (the “BHC Act”), and is subject to supervision, 
regulation and inspection by the Federal Reserve Board. The Company is also subject to certain provisions of the California 
Financial Code which are applicable to bank holding companies. In addition, the Company is under the jurisdiction of the 
SEC and is subject to the disclosure and regulatory requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange 
Act of 1934, each administered by the SEC. The Company’s common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select market 
(“NASDAQ”)  with  “BSRR”  as  its  trading  symbol,  and  the  Company  is  subject  to  the  rules of  NASDAQ  for  listed 
companies. 

The Company is a bank holding company within the meaning of the BHC Act and is registered as such with the Federal 
Reserve Board. A bank holding company is required to file annual reports and other information with the Federal Reserve 
regarding its business operations and those of its subsidiaries. In general, the BHC Act limits the business of bank holding 
companies to banking, managing or controlling banks and other activities that the Federal Reserve has determined to be 
so closely related to banking as to be a proper incident thereto, including securities brokerage services, investment advisory 
services,  fiduciary  services,  and  management  advisory  and  data  processing  services,  among  others.  A  bank  holding 
company that also qualifies as and elects to become a “financial holding company” may engage in a broader range of 
activities that are financial in nature or complementary to a financial activity (as determined by the Federal Reserve or 
Treasury  regulations),  such  as  securities  underwriting  and  dealing,  insurance  underwriting  and  agency,  and  making 
merchant banking investments. The Company has not elected to become a financial holding company but may do so at 
some point in the future if deemed appropriate in view of opportunities or circumstances at the time. 

The BHC Act requires the prior approval of the FRB for the direct or indirect acquisition of more than five percent of the 
voting shares of a commercial bank or its parent holding company. Acquisitions by the Bank are subject instead to the 
Bank Merger Act, which requires the prior approval of an acquiring bank’s primary federal regulator for any merger with 
or acquisition of another bank. Acquisitions by both the Company and the Bank also require the prior approval of the 
California Department of Business Oversight (the “DBO”) pursuant to the California Financial Code. 

The Company and the Bank are deemed to be “affiliates” of each other and thus are subject to Sections 23A and 23B of 
the Federal Reserve Act as well as related Federal Reserve Regulation W which impose both quantitative and qualitative 
restrictions and limitations on transactions between affiliates. The Bank is also subject to laws and regulations requiring 
that all extensions of credit to our executive officers, directors, principal shareholders and related parties must, among 
other things, be made on substantially the same terms and follow credit underwriting procedures no less stringent than 
those prevailing at the time for comparable transactions with persons not related to the Bank. 

Under certain conditions, the Federal Reserve has the authority to restrict the payment of cash dividends by a bank holding 
company as an unsafe and unsound banking practice, and may require a bank holding company to obtain the approval of 
the Federal Reserve prior to purchasing or redeeming its own equity securities. The Federal Reserve also has the authority 
to regulate the debt of bank holding companies. 

A bank holding company is required to act as a source of financial and managerial strength for its subsidiary banks and 
must  commit  resources  as  necessary  to  support  such  subsidiaries.  The  Federal  Reserve  may  require  a  bank  holding 
company  to  contribute  additional  capital  to  an  undercapitalized  subsidiary  bank  and  may  disapprove  of  the  holding 
company’s payment of dividends to the shareholders in such circumstances. 

Regulation of the Bank Generally 

As a state chartered bank, the Bank is subject to broad federal regulation and oversight extending to all its operations by 
the FDIC and to state regulation by the DBO. The Bank is also subject to certain regulations of the Federal Reserve Board. 

6 

Capital Adequacy Requirements 

The  Company  and  the  Bank  are  subject  to  the  regulations  of  the  Federal  Reserve  Board  and  the  FDIC,  respectively, 
governing capital adequacy. These agencies have adopted risk-based capital guidelines to provide a systematic analytical 
framework that imposes regulatory capital requirements based on differences in risk profiles among banking organizations, 
considers off-balance sheet exposures in evaluating capital adequacy, and minimizes disincentives to holding liquid, low-
risk assets. Capital levels, as measured by these standards, are also used to categorize financial institutions for purposes of 
certain prompt corrective action regulatory provisions. 

Pursuant to the adoption of final rules implementing the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s capital guidelines for 
all U.S. banks and bank holding companies with more than $500 million in assets, minimum regulatory requirements for 
both  the  quantity  and  quality  of  capital  held  by  the  Company  and  the  Bank  increased  effective  January 1,  2015. 
Furthermore, a capital class known as Common Equity Tier 1 capital was established in addition to Tier 1 capital and Tier 
2 capital, and most financial institutions were given the option of a one-time election to continue to exclude accumulated 
other comprehensive income (“AOCI”) from regulatory capital. The Company has exercised its option to exclude AOCI 
from  regulatory  capital.  The  final  rules also  increased  capital  requirements  for  certain  categories  of  assets,  including 
higher-risk  construction  and  real  estate  loans,  certain  past-due  or  nonaccrual  loans,  and  certain  exposures  related  to 
securitizations.  The  final  rules permanently  grandfather  non-qualifying  capital  instruments  (such  as  trust  preferred 
securities  and  cumulative  perpetual  preferred  stock)  issued  before  May 19,  2010  for  inclusion  in  the  Tier  1  capital  of 
banking organizations with total consolidated assets of less than $15 billion at December 31, 2009, subject to a limit of 
25% of Tier 1 capital. All of the Company’s trust preferred securities were issued prior to that date and continue to qualify 
as Tier 1 capital. 

Our  Common  Equity  Tier  1  capital  includes  common  stock,  additional  paid-in  capital,  and  retained  earnings,  less  the 
following: disallowed goodwill and intangibles, disallowed deferred tax assets, and any insufficient additional capital to 
cover the deductions. Tier 1 capital is generally defined as the sum of core capital elements, less the following:  goodwill 
and other intangible assets, accumulated other comprehensive income, disallowed deferred tax assets, and certain other 
deductions. The following items are defined as core capital elements:  (i) common shareholders’ equity; (ii) qualifying 
non-cumulative  perpetual  preferred  stock  and  related  surplus  (and,  in  the  case  of  holding  companies,  senior  perpetual 
preferred stock issued to the U.S. Treasury Department pursuant to the Troubled Asset Relief Program); (iii) minority 
interests  in  the  equity  accounts  of  consolidated  subsidiaries;  and (iv) ”restricted”  core  capital  elements  (which  include 
qualifying  trust  preferred  securities)  up  to  25%  of  all  core  capital  elements.  Tier  2  capital  includes  the  following 
supplemental capital elements: (i) allowance for loan and lease losses (but not more than 1.25% of an institution’s risk-
weighted  assets);  (ii) perpetual  preferred  stock  and  related  surplus  not  qualifying  as  core  capital;  (iii) hybrid  capital 
instruments,  perpetual  debt  and  mandatory  convertible  debt  instruments;  and,  (iv) term  subordinated  debt  and 
intermediate-term preferred stock and related surplus. The maximum amount of Tier 2 capital is capped at 100% of Tier 
1 capital. 

The final rules established a regulatory minimum of 4.5% for common equity Tier 1 capital to total risk weighted assets 
(“Common Equity Tier 1 RBC Ratio”), a minimum of 6.0% for Tier 1 capital to total risk weighted assets (“Tier 1 Risk-
Based Capital Ratio” or “Tier 1 RBC Ratio”), a minimum of 8.0% for qualifying Tier 1 plus Tier 2 capital to total risk 
weighted assets (“Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio” or “Total RBC Ratio”), and a minimum of 4.0% for the Leverage Ratio, 
which is defined as Tier 1 capital to adjusted average assets (quarterly average assets less the disallowed capital items 
noted above). In addition to the other minimum risk-based capital standards, the final rules also require a Common Equity 
Tier 1 capital conservation buffer which was phased in over three years. The capital conservation buffer was 0.625% for 
2016, 1.25% for 2017, and 1.875% for 2018, and it became fully phased in at 2.5% of risk-weighted assets beginning on 
January 1, 2019. Effective January 1, 2019, the buffer effectively raises the minimum required Common Equity Tier 1 
RBC Ratio to 7.0%, the Tier 1 RBC Ratio to 8.5%, and the Total RBC Ratio to 10.5%. Institutions that do not maintain 
the required capital buffer will become subject to progressively more stringent limitations on the percentage of earnings 
that can be paid out in dividends or used for stock repurchases, and on the payment of discretionary bonuses to executive 
management. 

Based  on  our  capital  levels  at  December 31,  2019  and  2018,  the  Company  and  the  Bank  met  all  capital  adequacy 
requirements under the Basel III Capital Rules on a fully phased-in basis. For more information on the Company’s capital, 

7 

see  Part II, Item 7,  Management’s Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results of Operation –  Capital 
Resources. Risk-based capital ratio (“RBC”) requirements are discussed in greater detail in the following section. 

Prompt Corrective Action Provisions 

Federal  law  requires  each  federal  banking  agency  to  take  prompt  corrective  action  to  resolve  the  problems  of  insured 
financial institutions, including but not limited to those that fall below one or more of the prescribed minimum capital 
ratios. The federal banking agencies have by regulation defined the following five capital categories: “well capitalized” 
(Total RBC Ratio of 10%; Tier 1 RBC Ratio of 8%; Common Equity Tier 1 RBC Ratio of 6.5%; and Leverage Ratio of 
5%); “adequately capitalized” (Total RBC Ratio of 8%; Tier 1 RBC Ratio of 6%; Common Equity Tier 1 RBC Ratio of 
4.5%; and Leverage Ratio of 4%); “undercapitalized” (Total RBC Ratio of less than 8%; Tier 1 RBC Ratio of less than 
6%;  Common  Equity  Tier  1  RBC  Ratio  of  less  than  4.5%;  or  Leverage  Ratio  of  less  than  4%);  “significantly 
undercapitalized” (Total RBC Ratio of less than 6%; Tier 1 RBC Ratio of less than 4%; Common Equity Tier 1 RBC Ratio 
of less than 3%; or Leverage Ratio less than 3%); and “critically undercapitalized” (tangible equity to total assets less than 
or  equal  to  2%).  A  bank  may  be  treated  as  though  it  were  in  the  next  lower  capital  category  if,  after  notice  and  the 
opportunity  for  a  hearing,  the  appropriate  federal  agency  finds  an  unsafe  or  unsound  condition  or  practice  merits  a 
downgrade, but no bank may be treated as “critically undercapitalized” unless its actual tangible equity to assets ratio 
warrants such treatment. As of December 31, 2019 and 2018, both the Company and the Bank qualified as well capitalized 
for regulatory capital purposes. 

At  each  successively  lower capital  category, an  insured bank  is subject  to  increased restrictions  on  its  operations.  For 
example, a bank is generally prohibited from paying management fees to any controlling persons or from making capital 
distributions if to do so would cause the bank to be “undercapitalized.”  Asset growth and branching restrictions apply to 
undercapitalized  banks,  which  are  required  to  submit  written  capital  restoration  plans  meeting  specified  requirements 
(including a guarantee by the parent holding company, if any). “Significantly undercapitalized” banks are subject to broad 
regulatory authority, including among other things capital directives, forced mergers, restrictions on the rates of interest 
they may pay on deposits, restrictions on asset growth and activities, and prohibitions on paying bonuses or increasing 
compensation  to  senior  executive  officers  without  FDIC  approval.  Even  more  severe  restrictions  apply  to  “critically 
undercapitalized” banks. Most importantly, except under limited circumstances, not later than 90 days after an insured 
bank becomes critically undercapitalized the appropriate federal banking agency is required to appoint a conservator or 
receiver for the bank. 

In addition to measures taken under the prompt corrective action provisions, insured banks may be subject to potential 
actions by the federal regulators for unsafe or unsound practices in conducting their businesses or for violations of any 
law,  rule,  regulation  or  any  condition  imposed  in  writing  by  the  agency  or  any  written  agreement  with  the  agency. 
Enforcement actions may include the issuance of cease and desist orders, termination of insurance on deposits (in the case 
of a bank), the imposition of civil money penalties, the issuance of directives to increase capital, formal and informal 
agreements, or removal and prohibition orders against “institution-affiliated” parties. 

Capital Simplification for Qualifying Community Banking Organization 

The federal banking agencies published a final rule on November 13, 2019, that provided a simplified measure of capital 
adequacy for qualifying community banking organizations.  A qualifying community banking organization that opts into 
the community bank leverage ratio framework and maintains a leverage ratio greater than 9 percent will be considered to 
have met the minimum capital requirements, the capital ratio requirements for the well capitalized category under the 
Prompt Corrective Action framework, and any other capital or leverage requirements to which the qualifying banking 
organization is subject. A qualifying community banking organization with a leverage ratio of greater than 9 percent may 
opt into the community bank leverage ratio framework if has average consolidated total assets of less than $10 billion, has 
off-balance-sheet exposures of 25% or less of total consolidated assets, and has total trading assets and trading liabilities 
of 5 percent or less of total consolidated assets.   Further, the bank must not be an advance approaches banking organization. 

8 

The final rule became effective January 1, 2020 and banks that meet the qualifying criteria can elect to use the community 
bank leverage framework starting with the quarter ended March 31, 2020. The Company and the Bank meet the criteria 
outlined in the final rule and are considering whether or not to opt into the community bank leverage ratio framework. 

Safety and Soundness Standards 

The federal banking agencies have also adopted guidelines establishing safety and soundness standards for all insured 
depository  institutions.  Those  guidelines  relate  to  internal  controls,  information  systems,  internal  audit  systems,  loan 
underwriting  and  documentation,  compensation,  and  liquidity  and  interest  rate  exposure.  In  general,  the  standards  are 
designed to assist the federal banking agencies in identifying and addressing problems at insured depository institutions 
before capital becomes impaired. If an institution fails to meet the requisite standards, the appropriate federal banking 
agency  may  require  the  institution  to  submit  a  compliance  plan  and  could  institute  enforcement  proceedings  if  an 
acceptable compliance plan is not submitted or followed. 

The Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act 

Legislation and regulations enacted and implemented since 2008 in response to the U.S. economic downturn and financial 
industry instability continue to impact most institutions in the banking sector. Most provisions of the Dodd-Frank Wall 
Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act (“Dodd-Frank”), which was enacted in 2010, are now effective and have been 
fully implemented.  

Some aspects of Dodd-Frank are still subject to rulemaking, making it difficult to anticipate the ultimate financial impact 
on the Company, its customers or the financial services industry more generally. However, many provisions of Dodd-
Frank are already affecting our operations and expenses, including but not limited to changes in FDIC assessments, the 
permitted  payment  of  interest  on  demand  deposits,  and  enhanced  compliance  requirements.  Some  of  the  rules  and 
regulations promulgated or yet to be promulgated under Dodd-Frank will apply directly only to institutions much larger 
than  ours,  but  could  indirectly  impact  smaller  banks,  either  due  to  competitive  influences  or  because  certain  required 
practices for larger institutions may subsequently become expected “best practices” for smaller institutions. We could see 
continued  attention  and  resources  devoted  by  the  Company  to  ensure  compliance  with  the  statutory  and  regulatory 
requirements engendered by Dodd-Frank. 

Tax Cuts and Jobs Act 

On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act (the “Act”) was signed into law. The Act made significant changes that 
impact corporate taxation, including the reduction of the maximum federal income tax rate for corporations from 35% to 
21% and changes or limitations to certain tax deductions. The reduced tax rate had a favorable impact on our tax expense 
beginning in 2018, as our blended marginal income tax rate dropped to 29.6% in 2018 from 42.1% in 2017. The tax rate 
reduction also resulted in an adjustment to our deferred tax assets and liabilities to reflect their value to the Company at 
the lower federal tax rate of 21%, with such revaluation required in the period in which the legislation was enacted. As a 
result of this change, we reduced our net deferred tax asset by $2.71 million via a charge to our income tax provision in 
December 2017. 

Deposit Insurance 

The Bank’s deposits are insured up to maximum applicable limits under the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, and the Bank 
is subject to deposit insurance assessments to maintain the FDIC’s Deposit Insurance Fund (the “DIF”). In October 2010, 
the FDIC adopted a revised restoration plan to ensure that the DIF’s designated reserve ratio (“DRR”) reaches 1.35% of 
insured  deposits  by  September 30,  2020,  the  deadline  mandated  by  the  Dodd-Frank  Act.  In  August 2016  the  FDIC 
announced that the DIF reserve ratio had surpassed 1.15% as of June 30, 2016 and assessment rates for most institutions 
were adjusted downward, but institutions with $10 billion or more in assets were assessed a quarterly surcharge which will 
continue until the reserve ratio reaches the statutory minimum of 1.35%. Furthermore, the restoration plan proposed an 
increase in the DRR to 2% of estimated insured deposits as a long-term goal for the fund. On September 30, 2018, the DIF 
ratio reached 1.36 percent. Because the ratio exceeded 1.35 percent, two deposit insurance assessment changes occurred 
under FDIC regulations:  surcharges on large banks (total consolidated assets of $10 billion or more) ended, with the last 

9 

surcharge on large banks being collected on December 28, 2018; and, banks with total consolidated assets of less than 
$10 billion were awarded credits for the portion of their assessments that contributed to the growth in the reserve ratio 
from 1.15 percent to 1.35 percent, to be applied when the reserve ratio is at least 1.38 percent. Bank of the Sierra received 
credits to reduce our FDIC assessments.  

As noted above, the Dodd-Frank Act provided for a permanent increase in FDIC deposit insurance per depositor from 
$100,000 to $250,000 retroactive to January 1, 2008. Furthermore, effective in the second quarter of 2011, FDIC deposit 
insurance premium assessment rates were adjusted, and the assessment base was established as an institution’s total assets 
less tangible equity. We are generally unable to control the amount of premiums that we are required to pay for FDIC 
deposit insurance. If there are additional bank or financial institution failures or if the FDIC otherwise determines, we may 
be required to pay higher FDIC premiums, which could have a material adverse effect on our earnings and/or on the value 
of, or market for, our common stock. 

In addition to DIF assessments, banks were required to pay quarterly assessments that were applied to the retirement of 
Financing Corporation bonds issued in the 1980’s to assist in the recovery of the savings and loan industry. The Financing 
Corporation  bonds  matured  in  September 2019,  with  a  final  assessment  of  0.12  basis  points  of  insured  deposits  in 
March 2019. 

Community Reinvestment Act 

The Bank is subject to certain requirements and reporting obligations involving Community Reinvestment Act (“CRA”) 
activities. The CRA generally requires federal banking agencies to evaluate the record of a financial institution in meeting 
the credit needs of its local communities, including low and moderate income neighborhoods. The CRA further requires 
the agencies to consider a financial institution’s efforts in meeting its community credit needs when evaluating applications 
for, among other things, domestic branches, mergers or acquisitions, or the formation of holding companies. In measuring 
a bank’s compliance with its CRA obligations, the regulators utilize a performance-based evaluation system under which 
CRA ratings are determined by the bank’s actual lending, service, and investment performance, rather than on the extent 
to which  the  institution  conducts needs  assessments,  documents  community outreach  activities  or  complies  with other 
procedural  requirements.  In  connection  with  its  assessment  of  CRA  performance,  the  FDIC  assigns  a  rating  of 
“outstanding,” “satisfactory,” “needs to improve” or “substantial noncompliance.”  The Bank most recently received a 
satisfactory CRA assessment rating in January 2019. 

On December 12, 2019, the FDIC and the OCC announced a proposal to modernize the agencies’ regulations under the 
CRA that have not been substantively updated for nearly 25 years.  The proposal will clarify what qualifies for credit under 
the  CRA,  enabling  banks  and  their  partners  to  better  implement  reinvestment  and  other  activities  that  can  benefit 
communities.    The  agencies  will  also  create  an  additional  definition  of  “assessment  areas”  tied  to  where  deposits  are 
located, in part to address changes that have occurred due to the rise in digital banking, ensuring that banks continue to 
provide loans and other services to low- and moderate-income persons in those areas.  We intend to monitor this proposal 
to determine if it will impact our CRA efforts. 

Privacy and Data Security 

The Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, also known as the Financial Modernization Act of 1999 (the “Financial Modernization 
Act”), imposed requirements on financial institutions with respect to consumer privacy. Financial institutions, however, 
are required to comply with state law if it is more protective of consumer privacy than the Financial Modernization Act. 
The Financial Modernization Act generally prohibits disclosure of consumer information to non-affiliated third parties 
unless the consumer has been given the opportunity to object and has not objected to such disclosure. The statute also 
directed federal regulators, including the Federal Reserve and the FDIC, to establish standards for the security of consumer 
information, and requires financial institutions to disclose their privacy policies to consumers annually. 

Overdrafts 

The Electronic Funds Transfer Act, as implemented by the Federal Reserve’s Regulation E, governs transfers initiated 
through automated teller machines (“ATMs”), point-of-sale terminals, and other electronic banking services. Regulation 

10 

E prohibits financial institutions from assessing an overdraft fee for paying ATM and one-time point-of-sale debit card 
transactions, unless the customer affirmatively opts in to the overdraft service for those types of transactions. The opt-in 
provision establishes requirements for clear disclosure of fees and terms of overdraft services for ATM and one-time debit 
card transactions. The rule does not apply to other types of transactions, such as check, automated clearinghouse (“ACH”) 
and  recurring  debit  card  transactions.  Additionally,  in  November 2010  the  FDIC  issued  its  Overdraft  Guidance  on 
automated  overdraft  service  programs,  to  ensure  that  a  bank  mitigates  the  risks  associated  with  offering  automated 
overdraft payment programs and complies with all consumer protection laws and regulations. 

Consumer Financial Protection and Financial Privacy 

Dodd-Frank  created  the  Consumer  Finance  Protection  Bureau  (the  “CFPB”)  as  an  independent  entity  with  broad 
rulemaking,  supervisory  and  enforcement  authority  over  consumer  financial  products  and  services  including  deposit 
products, residential mortgages, home-equity loans and credit cards. The CFPB’s functions include investigating consumer 
complaints,  conducting  market  research,  rulemaking,  supervising  and  examining  bank  consumer  transactions,  and 
enforcing rules related to consumer financial products and services. CFPB regulations and guidance apply to all financial 
institutions, including the Bank, although only banks with $10 billion or more in assets are subject to examination by the 
CFPB. Banks with less than $10 billion in assets, including the Bank, are examined for compliance by their primary federal 
banking agency. 

In January 2013, the CFPB issued final regulations governing consumer mortgage lending. Certain rules which became 
effective in January 2014 impose additional requirements on lenders, including the directive that lenders need to ensure 
the ability of their borrowers to repay mortgages. The CFPB also finalized a rule on escrow accounts for higher priced 
mortgage loans and a rule expanding the scope of the high-cost mortgage provision in the Truth in Lending Act. The CFPB 
also  issued  final  rules implementing  provisions  of  the  Dodd-Frank  Act  that  relate  to  mortgage  servicing.  In 
November 2013 the CFPB issued a final rule on integrated and simplified mortgage disclosures under the Truth in Lending 
Act and the Real Estate Settlement Procedures Act, which became effective in October 2015. 

The CFPB has broad rulemaking authority for a wide range of consumer financial laws that apply to all banks, including, 
among other things, the authority to prohibit “unfair, deceptive or abusive” acts and practices. Abusive acts or practices 
are defined as those that materially interfere with a consumer’s ability to understand a term or condition of a consumer 
financial product or service or take unreasonable advantage of a consumer’s:  (i) lack of financial savvy, (ii) inability to 
protect himself in the selection or use of consumer financial products or services, or (iii) reasonable reliance on a covered 
entity to act in the consumer’s interests. 

The Bank continues to be subject to numerous other federal and state consumer protection laws that extensively govern its 
relationship with its customers. Those laws include the Equal Credit Opportunity Act, the Fair Credit Reporting Act, the 
Truth in Lending Act, the Truth in Savings Act, the Electronic Fund Transfer Act, the Expedited Funds Availability Act, 
the  Home  Mortgage  Disclosure  Act,  the  Fair  Housing  Act,  the  Real  Estate  Settlement  Procedures  Act,  the  Fair  Debt 
Collection Practices Act, the Right to Financial Privacy Act, the Service Members Civil Relief Act, and respective state-
law counterparts to these laws, as well as state usury laws and laws regarding unfair and deceptive acts and practices. 
These and other laws require disclosures including the cost of credit and terms of deposit accounts, provide substantive 
consumer  rights,  prohibit  discrimination  in  credit  transactions,  regulate  the  use  of  credit  report  information,  provide 
financial  privacy  protections,  prohibit  unfair,  deceptive  and  abusive  practices,  restrict  the  Company’s  ability  to  raise 
interest rates and otherwise subject the Company to substantial regulatory oversight. 

In addition, as is the case with all financial institutions, the Bank is required to maintain the privacy of its customers’ non-
public, personal information. Such privacy requirements direct financial institutions to:  (i) provide notice to customers 
regarding  privacy  policies  and  practices;  (ii) inform  customers  regarding  the  conditions  under  which  their  non-public 
personal  information  may  be  disclosed  to  non-affiliated  third  parties;  and  (iii) give  customers  an  option  to  prevent 
disclosure of such information to non-affiliated third parties. 

11 

Identity Theft 

Under the Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act (the “FACT Act”), the Bank is required to develop and implement a 
written Identity Theft Prevention Program to detect, prevent and mitigate identity theft “red flags” in connection with 
certain existing accounts or the opening of certain accounts. Under the FACT Act, the Bank is required to adopt reasonable 
policies  and  procedures  to  (i) identify  relevant  red  flags  for  covered  accounts  and  incorporate  those  red  flags  into  the 
program; (ii) detect red flags that have been incorporated into the program; (iii) respond appropriately to any red flags that 
are detected to prevent and mitigate identity theft; and (iv) ensure the program is updated periodically, to reflect changes 
in risks to customers or to the safety and soundness of the financial institution or creditor from identity theft. The Bank 
maintains a program to meet the requirements of the FACT Act and the Bank believes it is currently in compliance with 
these requirements. 

Interstate Banking and Branching 

The Riegle-Neal Interstate Banking and Branching Efficiency Act of 1994 (the “Interstate Act”), together with Dodd-
Frank, relaxed prior interstate branching restrictions under federal law by permitting, subject to regulatory approval, state 
and federally chartered commercial banks to establish branches in states where the laws permit banks chartered in such 
states  to  establish  branches.  The  Interstate  Act  requires  regulators  to  consult  with  community  organizations  before 
permitting an interstate institution to close a branch in a low-income area. Federal banking agency regulations prohibit 
banks  from  using  their  interstate  branches  primarily  for  deposit  production  and  the  federal  banking  agencies  have 
implemented a loan-to-deposit ratio screen to ensure compliance with this prohibition. Dodd-Frank effectively eliminated 
the prohibition under California law against interstate branching through de novo establishment of California branches. 
Interstate branches are subject to certain laws of the states in which they are located. The Bank presently does not have 
any interstate branches. 

USA Patriot Act of 2001 

The impact of the USA Patriot Act of 2001 (the “Patriot Act”) on financial institutions of all kinds has been significant 
and  wide  ranging.  The  Patriot  Act  substantially  enhanced  anti-money  laundering  and  financial  transparency  laws,  and 
required certain regulatory authorities to adopt rules that promote cooperation among financial institutions, regulators, and 
law enforcement entities in identifying parties that may be involved in terrorism or money laundering. Under the Patriot 
Act, financial institutions are subject to prohibitions regarding specified financial transactions and account relationships, 
as well as enhanced due diligence and “know your customer” standards in their dealings with foreign financial institutions 
and foreign customers. The Patriot Act also requires all financial institutions to establish anti-money laundering programs. 
The  Bank  expanded  its  Bank  Secrecy  Act  compliance  staff  and  intensified  due  diligence  procedures  concerning  the 
opening  of  new  accounts  to  fulfill  the  anti-money  laundering  requirements  of  the  Patriot  Act,  and  also  implemented 
systems  and  procedures  to  identify  suspicious  banking  activity  and  report  any  such  activity  to  the  Financial  Crimes 
Enforcement Network. 

Incentive Compensation 

In June 2010, the FRB and the FDIC issued comprehensive final guidance on incentive compensation policies intended to 
help ensure that banking organizations do not undermine their own safety and soundness by encouraging excessive risk-
taking.  The  guidance,  which  covers  all  employees  who  have  the  ability  to  materially  affect  the  risk  profile  of  an 
organization,  either  individually  or  as  part  of  a  group,  is  based  upon  the  key  principles  that  incentive  compensation 
arrangements  should  (i) provide  incentives  that  do  not  encourage  risk-taking  beyond  the  organization’s  ability  to 
effectively identify and manage risks, (ii) be compatible with effective internal controls and risk management, and (iii) be 
supported by strong corporate governance, including active and effective oversight by the organization’s board of directors. 
The regulatory agencies will review, as part of their regular risk-focused examination process, the incentive compensation 
arrangements of banking organizations, such as the Company, that are not “large, complex banking organizations.”  Where 
appropriate, the regulatory agencies will take supervisory or enforcement action to address perceived deficiencies in an 
institution’s incentive compensation arrangements or related risk-management, control, and governance processes. The 
Company believes that it is in full compliance with the regulatory guidance on incentive compensation policies. 

12 

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 

The Company is subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (“Sarbanes-Oxley”) which addresses, among other issues, 
corporate governance, auditing and accounting, executive compensation, and enhanced and timely disclosure of corporate 
information. Among other things, Sarbanes-Oxley mandates chief executive and chief financial officer certifications of 
periodic  financial  reports,  additional  financial  disclosures  concerning  off-balance  sheet  items,  and  accelerated  share 
transaction  reporting  for  executive  officers,  directors  and  10%  shareholders.  In  addition,  Sarbanes-Oxley  increased 
penalties  for  non-compliance  with  the  Exchange  Act.  SEC  rules promulgated  pursuant  to  Sarbanes-Oxley  impose 
obligations and restrictions on auditors and audit committees intended to enhance their independence from Management, 
and include extensive additional disclosure, corporate governance and other related rules. 

Commercial Real Estate Lending Concentrations 

As a part of their regulatory oversight, the federal regulators have issued guidelines on sound risk management practices 
with  respect  to  a  financial  institution’s  concentrations  in  commercial  real  estate  (“CRE”)  lending  activities.  These 
guidelines were issued in response to the agencies’ concerns that rising CRE concentrations might expose institutions to 
unanticipated earnings and capital volatility in the event of adverse changes in the commercial real estate market. The 
guidelines  identify  certain  concentration  levels  that,  if  exceeded,  will  expose  the  institution  to  additional  supervisory 
analysis with regard to the institution’s CRE concentration risk. The guidelines are designed to promote appropriate levels 
of capital and sound loan and risk management practices for institutions with a concentration of CRE loans. In general, 
the guidelines establish the following supervisory criteria as preliminary indications of possible CRE concentration risk: 
(1) the institution’s total construction, land development and other land loans represent 100% or more of total risk-based 
capital; or (2) total CRE loans as defined in the regulatory guidelines represent 300% or more of total risk-based capital, 
and the institution’s CRE loan portfolio has increased by 50% or more during the prior 36 month period. The Bank believes 
that the guidelines are applicable to it, as it has a relatively high concentration in CRE loans. The Bank and its board of 
directors  have  discussed  the  guidelines  and  believe  that  the  Bank’s  underwriting  policies,  management  information 
systems,  independent  credit  administration  process,  and  monitoring  of  real  estate  loan  concentrations  are  sufficient  to 
address the guidelines. 

Other Pending and Proposed Legislation 

Other legislative and regulatory initiatives which could affect the Company, the Bank and the banking industry in general 
are pending, and additional initiatives may be proposed or introduced before the United States Congress, the California 
legislature  and  other  governmental  bodies  in  the  future.  Such  proposals,  if  enacted,  may  further  alter  the  structure, 
regulation and competitive relationship among financial institutions, and may subject the Bank to increased regulation, 
disclosure  and  reporting  requirements.  In  addition,  the  various  banking  regulatory  agencies  often  adopt  new  rules and 
regulations  to  implement  and  enforce  existing  legislation.  It  cannot  be  predicted  whether,  or  in  what  form,  any  such 
legislation or regulations may be enacted or the extent to which the business of the Company or the Bank would be affected 
thereby. 

ITEM 1A.    RISK FACTORS 

You should carefully consider the following risk factors and all other information contained in this Annual Report before 
making investment decisions concerning the Company’s common stock. The risks and uncertainties described below are 
not the only ones the Company faces. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to the Company, or that the 
Company  currently  believes  are  immaterial,  may  also  adversely  impact  the  Company’s  business.  If  any  of  the  events 
described in the following risk factors occur, the Company’s business, results of operations and financial condition could 
be materially adversely affected. In addition, the trading price of the Company’s common stock could decline due to any 
of the events described in these risks. 

Risks Relating to the Bank and to the Business of Banking in General 

Our business has been and may in the future be adversely affected by volatile conditions in the financial markets 
and unfavorable economic conditions generally. National and global economies are constantly in flux, as evidenced by 

13 

market  volatility  both  recently  and  in years  past.  Future  economic  conditions  cannot  be  predicted,  and  recurrent 
deterioration in the economies of the nation as a whole or in the Company’s markets could have an adverse effect, which 
could be material, on our business, financial condition, results of operations and future prospects, and could cause the 
market price of the Company’s stock to decline. 

From December 2007 through June 2009, the U.S. economy was officially in recession. Business activity across a wide 
range of industries and regions in the U.S. was greatly reduced during and after the recession. The U.S. economy has 
undergone a continued and gradual expansion since 2009, but financial stress on borrowers as a result of an uncertain 
future economic environment could still have an unfavorable effect on the ability of the Company’s borrowers to repay 
their loans, which could adversely affect the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations. 

California’s  San  Joaquin  Valley,  where  the  Company  is  headquartered  and  has  many  of  its  branch  locations,  was 
particularly hard hit by the most recent adverse economic cycle. Unemployment levels have historically been elevated in 
the  San  Joaquin  Valley,  including  Tulare  County  which  is  our  geographic  center,  but  recessionary  conditions  pushed 
unemployment rates to exceptionally high levels. The unemployment rate for Tulare County reached a high of 19.3% in 
March 2010. It reflects a steady downward trend since 2010 and had declined to 9.3% by December 2019, but is still well 
above the 3.9% aggregate unemployment rate reported for California in December 2019. In addition, as discussed below 
in connection with challenges to the agricultural industry, the persistence of a California drought could have a significant 
negative impact on unemployment rates in our market areas. Furthermore, a drop in oil prices like the decline experienced 
in recent years could also negatively impact unemployment rates, particularly in Kern County. 

Economic conditions are currently stable or improving in most of our local markets, and the real estate sector also appears 
to be reasonably stable. However, any adverse developments, such as, among other things, health epidemics or pandemics 
(or expectations about them) like the novel coronavirus, international trade disputes, inflation risks, oil price volatility, the 
level of U.S. debt and global economic conditions, could depress business and/or consumer confidence levels, negatively 
impact  real  estate  values,  and  otherwise  lead  to  economic  weakness  which  could  have  one  or  more  of  the  following 
undesirable effects on our business: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

a lack of demand for loans, or other products and services offered by us; 

a decline in the value of our loans or other assets secured by real estate; 

a decrease in deposit balances due to increased pressure on the liquidity of our customers; 

an impairment of our investment securities; or 

an increase in the number of borrowers who become delinquent, file for protection under bankruptcy laws or 
default on their loans or other obligations to us, which in turn could result in higher levels of nonperforming 
assets, net charge-offs and provisions for credit losses. 

Challenges in the agricultural industry could have an adverse effect on our customers and their ability to make 
payments  to  us,  particularly  in  view  of  recent  drought  conditions  in  California  and  disruptions  involving 
international  trade.  While  the  Company’s  nonperforming  assets  are  currently  comprised  mainly  of  other  real  estate 
owned (“OREO”) and loans secured by non-agricultural real estate, difficulties experienced by the agricultural industry 
have  led  to  relatively  high  levels  of  nonperforming  assets  in  previous  economic  cycles.  This  is  due  to  the  fact  that  a 
considerable portion of our borrowers are involved in, or are impacted to some extent by, the agricultural industry. While 
a great number of our borrowers are not directly involved in agriculture, they would likely be impacted by difficulties in 
the agricultural industry since many jobs in our market areas are ancillary to the regular production, processing, marketing 
and sale of agricultural commodities. 

The markets for agricultural products can be adversely impacted by increased supply from overseas competition, a drop 
in consumer demand, tariffs and numerous other factors. In recent periods in particular, retaliatory tariffs levied by certain 
countries in response to tariffs imposed by the US Government on imports from those countries have created a high degree 
of uncertainty and disruption in the agricultural community in California, due to the level of goods that are exported. The 

14 

ripple  effect  of  any  resulting  drop  in  commodity  prices  could  lower  borrower  income  and  depress  collateral  values. 
Weather patterns are also of critical importance to row crop, tree fruit, and citrus production. A degenerative cycle of 
weather has the potential to adversely affect agricultural industries as well as consumer purchasing power, and could lead 
to higher unemployment throughout the San Joaquin Valley. The state of California has recently experienced the worst 
drought in recorded history, and it is difficult to predict if the drought will resume and how long it might last. Another 
looming issue that could have a major impact on the agricultural industry involves water availability and distribution rights. 
If the amount of water available to agriculture becomes increasingly scarce as a result of diversion to other uses, farmers 
may not be able to continue to produce agricultural products at a reasonable profit, which has the potential to force many 
out of business. Such conditions have affected and may continue to adversely affect our borrowers and, by extension, our 
business, and if general agricultural conditions decline our level of nonperforming assets could increase. 

Another significant drop in oil prices could have an adverse impact on our customers and their ability to make 
payments to us, particularly in areas such as Kern County where oil production is a key economic driver. As we 
have experienced in the past, a drop in oil prices could lead to declines in property values and property taxes, particularly 
in Kern County, which is home to about three quarters of California’s oil production. The Company does not have direct 
exposure to oil producers, and our exposure via loans outstanding to borrowers involved in servicing oil companies totaled 
only $10 million at December 31, 2019. However, if cash flows are disrupted for our energy-related borrowers, or if other 
borrowers  are  indirectly  impacted  and/or  non-oil  property  values  decline,  our  level  of  nonperforming  assets  and  loan 
charge-offs  could  increase.  Furthermore,  economic  multipliers  to  a  contracting  oil  industry  include  the  prospects  of  a 
depressed residential housing market and a drop in commercial real estate values. 

Concentrations of real estate loans have negatively impacted our performance in the past, and could subject us to 
further risks in the event of another real estate recession or natural disaster. Our loan portfolio is heavily concentrated 
in real estate loans, particularly commercial real estate. At December 31, 2019, 80% of our loan portfolio consisted of real 
estate  loans,  and  a  sizeable  portion  of  the  remaining  loan  portfolio  had  real  estate  collateral  as  a  secondary  source  of 
repayment or as an abundance of caution. Loans on commercial buildings represented approximately 54% of all real estate 
loans, while construction/development and land loans were 14%, loans secured by residential properties accounted for 
29%, and loans secured by farmland were 10% of real estate loans. The Company’s $6.5 million balance of nonperforming 
assets at December 31, 2019 includes nonperforming real estate loans totaling $5.1 million, and $0.80 million in OREO. 

The  residential  real  estate  market  experienced  significant  deflation  in  property  values  during  2008  and  2009,  and 
foreclosures occurred at relatively high rates during and after the recession. While residential real estate values in our 
market  areas  seem  to  have  stabilized,  if  they  were  to  slide  again,  or  if  commercial  real  estate  values  were  to  decline 
materially, the Company could experience additional migration into nonperforming assets. An increase in nonperforming 
assets could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations by reducing our income 
and increasing our expenses. Deterioration in real estate values might also further reduce the amount of loans the Company 
makes  to  businesses  in  the  construction  and  real  estate  industry,  which  could  negatively  impact  our  organic  growth 
prospects. Similarly, the occurrence of more natural disasters like those California has experienced recently, including 
fires, flooding, and earthquakes, could impair the value of the collateral we hold for real estate secured loans and negatively 
impact our results of operations. 

Moreover, banking regulators give commercial real estate loans extremely close scrutiny due to risks relating to the cyclical 
nature of the real estate market and risks for lenders with high concentrations of such loans. The regulators have required 
banks  with  relatively  high  levels  of  CRE  loans  to  implement  enhanced  underwriting  standards,  internal  controls,  risk 
management  policies  and  portfolio  stress  testing,  which  has  resulted  in  higher  allowances  for  possible  loan  losses. 
Expectations for higher capital levels have also emerged. Any required increase in our allowance for loan losses could 
adversely  affect  our  net  income,  and  any  requirement  that  we  maintain  higher  capital  levels  could  adversely  impact 
financial performance measures including earnings per share and return on equity. 

Our concentration of commercial real estate, construction and land development, and commercial and industrial 
loans exposes us to increased lending risks. Commercial and agricultural real estate, commercial construction and land 
development,  and  commercial  and  industrial  loans  and  leases  (including  agricultural  production  loans  but  excluding 
mortgage warehouse loans), which comprised approximately 66% of our total loan portfolio as of December 31, 2019, 
expose  the  Company  to  a  greater  risk  of  loss  than  residential  real  estate  and  consumer  loans,  which  were  a 

15 

smaller percentage  of  the  total  loan  portfolio.  Commercial  real  estate  and  land  development  loans  typically  involve 
relatively large balances to a borrower or a group of related borrowers, and an adverse development with respect to a larger 
commercial loan relationship would expose us to greater risk of loss than would issues involving a smaller residential 
mortgage loan or consumer loan. 

Repayment  of  our  commercial  loans  is  often  dependent  on  the  cash  flows  of  the  borrowers,  which  may  be 
unpredictable,  and  the  collateral  securing  these  loans  may  fluctuate  in  value.  At  December 31,  2019,  we  had 
$164 million, or 9% of total loans, in commercial loans and leases (including agricultural production loans but excluding 
mortgage warehouse loans). Commercial lending involves risks that are different from those associated with real estate 
lending.  Real  estate  lending  is  generally  considered  to  be  collateral  based  lending  with  loan  amounts  based  on 
predetermined loan to collateral values, and liquidation of the underlying real estate collateral being viewed as the primary 
source of repayment in the event of borrower default. Our commercial loans are primarily extended based on the cash 
flows of the borrowers, and secondarily on any underlying collateral provided by the borrowers. A borrower’s cash flows 
may be unpredictable, and collateral securing those loans may fluctuate in value. Although commercial loans are often 
collateralized by equipment, inventory, accounts receivable, or other business assets, the liquidation of such collateral in 
the event of default is often an insufficient source of repayment for a number of reasons, including uncollectible accounts 
receivable and obsolete or special-purpose inventories, among others. 

Nonperforming assets adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition, and can take significant 
time to resolve. Our nonperforming loans may return to elevated levels, which would negatively impact earnings, possibly 
in a material way depending on the severity. We do not record interest income on non-accrual loans, thereby adversely 
affecting income levels. Furthermore, when we receive collateral through foreclosures and similar proceedings we are 
required to record the collateral at its fair market value less estimated selling costs, which may result in charges against 
our allowance for loan losses if that value is less than the book value of the related loan. Additionally, our non-interest 
expense has risen materially in adverse economic cycles due to the costs of reappraising adversely classified assets, write-
downs on foreclosed assets resulting from declining property values, operating costs related to foreclosed assets, legal and 
other costs associated with loan collections, and various other expenses that would not typically be incurred in a normal 
operating environment. A relatively high level of nonperforming assets also increases our risk profile and may impact the 
capital levels our regulators believe is appropriate in light of such risks. We have utilized various techniques such as loan 
sales, workouts and restructurings to manage our problem assets. Deterioration in the value of these problem assets, the 
underlying collateral, or in the borrowers’ performance or financial condition, could adversely affect our business, results 
of operations and financial condition. In addition, the resolution of nonperforming assets requires a significant commitment 
of time from Management and Staff, which can be detrimental to their performance of other responsibilities. There can be 
no assurance that we will avoid increases in nonperforming loans in the future. 

We may experience loan and lease losses in excess of our allowance for such losses. We endeavor to limit the risk that 
borrowers might fail to repay; nevertheless, losses can and do occur. We have established an allowance for estimated loan 
and lease losses in our accounting records based on: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

historical experience with our loans; 

our evaluation of economic conditions; 

regular reviews of the quality, mix and size of the overall loan portfolio; 

a detailed cash flow analysis for nonperforming loans; 

regular reviews of delinquencies; and 

the quality of the collateral underlying our loans. 

At any given date, we maintain an allowance for loan and lease losses that we believe is adequate to absorb specifically 
identified probable losses as well as any other losses inherent in our loan portfolio as of that date. While we strive to 

16 

carefully monitor credit quality and to identify loans that may become nonperforming, at any given time there may be 
loans in our portfolio that could result in losses but have not been identified as nonperforming or potential problem loans. 
We cannot be sure that we will identify deteriorating loans before they become nonperforming assets, or that we will be 
able to limit losses on loans that have been so identified. Changes in economic, operating and other conditions which are 
beyond  our  control,  including  interest  rate  fluctuations,  deteriorating  collateral  values,  and  changes  in  the  financial 
condition of borrowers may lead to an increase in our estimate of probable losses, or could cause actual loan losses to 
exceed our current allowance. In addition, the FDIC and the DBO, as part of their supervisory functions, periodically 
review our allowance for loan and lease losses. Such agencies may require us to increase our provision for loan and lease 
losses or to recognize further losses based on their judgment, which may be different from that of our Management. Any 
such increase in the allowance required by regulators could also hurt our business. 

Our use of appraisals in deciding whether to make a loan on or secured by real property does not ensure the value 
of the collateral. In considering whether to make a loan secured by real property, we generally require an appraisal of the 
property. However, an appraisal is only an estimate of the value of the property at the time the appraisal is made, and an 
error in fact or judgment could adversely affect the reliability of the appraisal. In addition, events occurring after the initial 
appraisal may cause the value of the real estate to decrease. As a result of any of these factors the value of the collateral 
backing a loan may be less than supposed, and if a default occurs we may not recover the entire outstanding balance of the 
loan via the liquidation of such collateral. 

Our expenses could increase as a result of increases in FDIC insurance premiums or other regulatory assessments. 
The  FDIC  charges  insured  financial  institutions  a  premium  to  maintain  the  DIF  at  a  certain  level.  In  the  event  that 
deteriorating economic conditions increase bank failures, the FDIC ensures payments of deposits up to insured limits from 
the DIF. Although the Bank’s FDIC insurance assessments have not increased as a result of changes in recent periods, and 
could possibly even be reduced in the near term, there can be no assurance that the FDIC will not increase assessment rates 
in the future or that the Bank will not be subject to higher assessment rates as a result of a change in its risk category, either 
of which could have an adverse effect on the Bank’s earnings. 

We may not be able to continue to attract and retain banking customers, and our efforts to compete may reduce 
our profitability. The banking business in our market areas is highly competitive with respect to virtually all products 
and services, which may limit our ability to attract and retain banking customers. In California generally, and in our service 
areas specifically, major banks dominate the commercial banking industry. Such banks have substantially greater lending 
limits than we have, offer certain services we cannot offer directly, and often operate with economies of scale that result 
in relatively low operating costs. We also compete with numerous financial and quasi-financial institutions for deposits 
and loans, including providers of financial services via the internet. Recent advances in technology and other changes have 
allowed  parties  to  effectuate  financial  transactions  that  previously  required  the  involvement  of  banks.  For  example, 
consumers  can  maintain  funds  in  brokerage  accounts  or  mutual  funds  that  would  have  historically  been  held  as  bank 
deposits.  Consumers  can  also  complete  transactions  such  as  paying  bills  and  transferring  funds  directly  without  the 
assistance of banks. The process of eliminating banks as intermediaries, known as disintermediation, could result in the 
loss of customer deposits and the fee income generated by those deposits. The loss of these revenue streams and access to 
lower cost deposits as a source of funds could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of 
operations. 

Moreover, with the large number of bank failures in the past decade, some customers have become more concerned about 
the extent to which their deposits are insured by the FDIC. Customers may withdraw deposits in an effort to ensure that 
the amount they have on deposit with their bank is fully insured. Decreases in deposits may adversely affect our funding 
costs and net income. Ultimately, competition can and does increase our cost of funds, reduce loan yields and drive down 
our net interest margin, thereby reducing profitability. It can also make it more difficult for us to continue to increase the 
size of our loan portfolio and deposit base, and could cause us to rely more heavily on wholesale borrowings which are 
generally more expensive than retail deposits. 

If we are not able to successfully keep pace with technological changes in the industry, our business could be hurt. 
The  financial  services  industry  is  constantly  undergoing  technological  change,  with  the  frequent  introduction  of  new 
technology-driven  products  and  services.  The  effective  use  of  technology  increases  efficiency  and  enables  financial 
institutions to better serve clients and reduce costs. Our future success depends, in part, upon our ability to respond to the 

17 

needs  of  our  clients  by  using  technology  to  provide  desired  products  and  services  and  create  additional  operating 
efficiencies. Some of our competitors have substantially greater resources to invest in technological improvements. We 
may not be able to effectively implement new technology-driven products and services or be successful in marketing these 
products and services to our clients. Failure to keep pace with technological change in the financial services industry could 
have a material adverse impact on our business and, in turn, on our financial condition and results of operations. 

Unauthorized disclosure of sensitive or confidential customer information, whether through a cyber-attack, other 
breach of  our  computer  systems or  any other  means,  could  severely harm our business.  In  the normal  course of 
business we collect, process and retain sensitive and confidential customer information. Despite the security measures we 
have in place, our facilities and systems may be vulnerable to cyber-attacks, security breaches, acts of vandalism, computer 
viruses, misplaced or lost data, programming and/or human errors, or other similar events. 

In recent periods there has been a rise in fraudulent electronic activity, security breaches, and cyber-attacks, including in 
the banking sector. Some financial institutions have reported breaches of their websites and systems which have involved 
sophisticated and targeted attacks intended to misappropriate sensitive or confidential information, destroy or corrupt data, 
disable  or  degrade  service,  disrupt  operations  and/or  sabotage  systems.  These  breaches  can  remain  undetected  for  an 
extended period of time. Furthermore, our customers and employees have been, and will continue to be, targeted by parties 
using fraudulent e-mails and other communications that may appear to be legitimate messages sent by the Bank, in attempts 
to misappropriate passwords, card numbers, bank account information or other personal information or to introduce viruses 
or malware to personal computers. Information security risks for financial institutions have increased in part because of 
new technologies, mobile services and other web-based products used to conduct financial and other business transactions, 
as well as the increased sophistication and activities of organized crime, perpetrators of fraud, hackers, terrorists and others. 
The  secure  maintenance  and  transmission  of  confidential  information,  as  well  as  the  secure  and  reliable  execution  of 
transactions over our systems, are essential to protect us and our customers and to maintain our customers’ confidence. 
Despite our efforts to identify, contain and mitigate these threats through detection and response mechanisms, product 
improvement, the use of encryption and authentication technology, and customer and employee education, such attempted 
fraudulent  activities  directed  against  us,  our  customers,  and  third  party  service  providers  remain  a  serious  issue.  The 
pervasiveness of cyber security incidents in general and the risks of cyber-crime are complex and continue to evolve. 

We also face risks related to cyber-attacks and other security breaches in connection with debit card transactions, which 
typically involve the transmission of sensitive information regarding our customers through various third parties. Some of 
these parties have in the past been the target of security breaches and cyber-attacks, and because the transactions involve 
third parties and environments that we do not control or secure, future security breaches or cyber-attacks affecting any of 
these third parties could impact us through no fault of our own, and in some cases we may have exposure and suffer losses 
for breaches or attacks relating to them. We also rely on third party service providers to conduct certain other aspects of 
our business operations, and face similar risks relating to them. While we require regular security assessments from those 
third  parties,  we  cannot  be  sure  that  their  information  security  protocols  are  sufficient  to  withstand  a  cyber-attack  or 
security breach. 

Any  cyber-attack  or  other  security  breach  involving  the  misappropriation  or  loss  of  Company  assets  or  those  of  its 
customers, or unauthorized disclosure of confidential customer information, could severely damage our reputation, erode 
confidence in the security of our systems, products and services, expose us to the risk of litigation and liability, disrupt our 
operations, and have a material adverse effect on our business. 

If our information systems were to experience a system failure, our business and reputation could suffer. We rely 
heavily  on  communications  and  information  systems  to  conduct  our  business.  The  computer  systems  and  network 
infrastructure  we  use  could  be  vulnerable  to  unforeseen  problems.  Our  operations  are  dependent  upon  our  ability  to 
minimize service disruptions by protecting our computer equipment, systems, and network infrastructure from physical 
damage due to fire, power loss, telecommunications failure or a similar catastrophic event. We have protective measures 
in place to prevent or limit the effect of the failure or interruption of our information systems, and will continue to upgrade 
our security technology and update procedures to help prevent such events. However, if such failures or interruptions were 
to occur, they could result in damage to our reputation, a loss of customers, increased regulatory scrutiny, or possible 
exposure to financial liability, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of 
operations. 

18 

We are subject to a variety of operational risks, including reputational risk, legal risk, compliance risk, the risk of 
fraud or theft by employees or outsiders, and the risk of clerical or record-keeping errors, which may adversely 
affect our business and results of operations. If personal, non-public, confidential or proprietary customer information 
in our possession were to be mishandled or misused, we could suffer significant regulatory consequences, reputational 
damage and financial loss. This could occur, for example, if information was erroneously provided to parties who are not 
permitted to have the information, either by fault of our systems, employees, or counterparties, or where such information 
is intercepted or otherwise inappropriately taken by third parties. 

Because the nature of the financial services business involves a high volume of transactions, certain errors may be repeated 
or  compounded  before  they  are  discovered  and  successfully  remediated.  Our  necessary  dependence  upon  automated 
systems to record and process transactions and our large transaction volume may further increase the risk that technical 
flaws or employee tampering or manipulation of those systems could result in losses that are difficult to detect. We also 
may be subject to disruptions of our operating systems arising from events that are wholly or partially beyond our control 
(for example, computer viruses or electrical or telecommunications outages, or natural disasters, disease pandemics or 
other damage to property or physical assets) which may give rise to disruption of service to customers and to financial loss 
or liability. We are further exposed to the risk that our external vendors may be unable to fulfill their contractual obligations 
(or  will  be  subject  to  the  same  risk of  fraud  or operational  errors by  their  employees)  and  to  the  risk that  our  (or our 
vendors’) business continuity and data security efforts might prove to be inadequate. The occurrence of any of these risks 
could result in a diminished ability to operate our business (for example, by requiring us to expend significant resources 
to correct the defect), as well as potential liability to clients, reputational damage and regulatory intervention, which could 
adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations, perhaps materially. 

Previously  enacted  and  potential  future  regulations  could  have  a  significant  impact  on  our  business,  financial 
condition and results of operations. Dodd-Frank, which was enacted in 2010, is having a broad impact on the financial 
services industry, including significant regulatory and compliance changes. Many of the requirements called for in Dodd-
Frank will  be  implemented  over  time,  and  most  will  be  facilitated  by  the  enactment  of regulations  over  the  course of 
several years.  Given  the  uncertainty  associated  with  the  manner  in  which  the  provisions  of  Dodd-Frank  will  be 
implemented, the full extent to which they will impact our operations is unclear. The changes resulting from Dodd-Frank 
may impact the profitability of business activities, require changes to certain business practices, impose more stringent 
capital, liquidity and leverage requirements or otherwise adversely affect our business. In particular, the potential impact 
of Dodd-Frank on our operations and activities, both currently and prospectively, include, among others: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

an  increase  in our  cost of operations  due  to  greater regulatory oversight,  supervision  and  examination of 
banks and bank holding companies, and higher deposit insurance premiums; 

the limitation of our ability to expand consumer product and service offerings due to more stringent consumer 
protection laws and regulations; 

a negative impact on our cost of funds in a rising interest rate environment, since financial institutions can 
now pay interest on business checking accounts; 

a potential reduction in fee income, due to limits on interchange fees applicable to larger institutions which 
could ultimately lead to a competitive-driven reduction in the fees we receive; and 

a  potential  increase  in  competition  due  to  the  elimination  of  the  remaining  barriers  to  de  novo  interstate 
branching. 

Further, we may be required to invest significant management attention and resources to evaluate and make any changes 
necessary to comply with new statutory and regulatory requirements under the Dodd-Frank Act, which could negatively 
impact our results of operations and financial condition. We cannot predict whether there will be additional laws or reforms 
that would affect the U.S. financial system or financial institutions, when such changes may be adopted, how such changes 
may be interpreted and enforced or how such changes may affect us. However, the costs of complying with any additional 
laws or regulations could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. 

19 

Growing  by  acquisition  entails  integration  and  certain  other  risks,  and  our  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations could be negatively affected if our expansion efforts are unsuccessful or we fail to manage our growth 
effectively. In addition to organic growth and the establishment of de novo branches, over the past several years we have 
engaged in expansion through acquisitions of branches and whole institutions. We may continue to pursue this growth 
strategy,  within  our  current  footprint  and/or  via  geographic  expansion,  but  there  are  risks  associated  with  any  such 
expansion. Those risks include, among others, incorrectly assessing the asset quality of a bank acquired in a particular 
transaction,  encountering  greater  than  anticipated  costs  in  integrating  acquired  businesses,  facing  resistance  from 
customers or employees, being unable to profitably deploy assets acquired in the transaction, and regulatory compliance 
risks. To the extent we issue capital stock in connection with additional transactions, if any, these transactions and related 
stock issuances may have a dilutive effect on earnings per share and share ownership. 

Our earnings, financial condition, and prospects after a merger or acquisition depend in part on our ability to successfully 
integrate the operations of the acquired company. We may be unable to integrate operations successfully or to achieve 
expected cost savings. Any cost savings which are realized may be offset by losses in revenues or other charges to earnings. 
There also may be business disruptions that cause us to lose customers or cause customers to remove their accounts from 
us and move their business to competing financial institutions. In addition, our ability to grow may be limited if we cannot 
make acquisitions. We compete with other financial institutions with respect to proposed acquisitions. We cannot predict 
if or when we will be able to identify and attract acquisition candidates or make acquisitions on favorable terms. 

We may experience future goodwill impairment. In accordance with GAAP, we record assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed  at  their  fair  value  with  the  excess  of  the  purchase  consideration  over  the  net  assets  acquired  resulting  in  the 
recognition of goodwill. We perform a goodwill evaluation at least annually to test for potential impairment. As part of 
our testing, we first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting 
unit is less than its carrying amount. If we determine that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount 
using these qualitative factors, we then measure the impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of goodwill with 
the carrying amount of that goodwill. Adverse conditions in our business climate, including a significant decline in future 
operating cash flows, a significant change in our stock price or market capitalization, or a deviation from our expected 
growth rate and performance may significantly affect the fair value of our goodwill and may trigger impairment losses, 
which could be materially adverse to our operating results and financial position. We cannot provide assurance that we 
will not be required to take an impairment charge in the future. Any impairment charge would have an adverse effect on 
our shareholders’ equity and financial results and could cause a decline in our stock price. 

Changes in accounting standards may affect our performance. Our accounting policies and methods are fundamental 
to how we record and report our financial condition and results of operations. From time to time the FASB and SEC change 
the financial accounting and reporting standards that govern the preparation of our financial statements. These changes 
can  be  difficult  to  predict  and  can  materially  impact  how  we  report  and  record  our  financial  condition  and  results  of 
operations. In some cases, we could be required to apply a new or revised standard retroactively, resulting in a retrospective 
adjustment to prior financial statements. 

One significant pronouncement is ASU 2016 - 13, which was released by the FASB in 2016 and which the Company is 
required to adopt no later than January 1, 2020. ASU 2016  - 13 includes changes to the methodology for determining the 
amount of the allowance for credit losses, among other things. The new credit loss model will be a substantial change from 
the standard in place today, as it requires the Company to calculate its allowance on the basis of current expected credit 
losses over the lifetime of its loans (commonly referred to as the “CECL” model), instead of losses inherent in the portfolio 
as  of  a  point  in  time.  On  the  effective  date,  institutions  will  record  a  cumulative-effect  balance  sheet  adjustment  for 
financial assets carried at amortized cost for any change in the related allowance for loan and lease losses generated by the 
adoption  of  the  new  standard.  The  Company’s  preliminary  evaluation  indicates  that  when  adopted,  the  provisions  of 
ASU 2016 - 13 will impact our consolidated financial statements, particularly the level of our reserve for credit losses and 
shareholders’ equity, which could materially affect our financial condition and future results of operations. See Note 2 to 
the consolidated financial statements under “Recent Accounting Pronouncements” for additional details on ASU 2016 - 13 
and its expected impact on the Company. 

We may be adversely affected by the financial stability of other financial institutions. Our ability to engage in routine 
transactions could be adversely affected by the actions and liquidity of other financial institutions. Financial institutions 

20 

are often interconnected as a result of trading, clearing, counterparty, or other business relationships. We have exposure 
to  many  different  industries  and  counterparties,  and  routinely  execute  transactions  with  counterparties  in  the  financial 
services industry, including commercial banks, brokers and dealers, investment banks, and other institutional clients. Many 
of these transactions expose us to credit risk in the event of a default by a counterparty or client. Even if the transactions 
are collateralized, credit risk could exist if the collateral held by us cannot be liquidated at prices sufficient to recover the 
full amount of the credit or derivative exposure due to us. Any such losses could adversely affect our business, financial 
condition or results of operations. 

Changes in interest rates could adversely affect our profitability, business and prospects. Net interest income, and 
therefore earnings, can be adversely affected by differences or changes in the interest rates on, or the repricing frequency 
of, our financial instruments. In addition, fluctuations in interest rates can affect the demand of customers for products and 
services, and an increase in the general level of interest rates may adversely affect the ability of certain borrowers to make 
variable-rate loan payments. Accordingly, changes in market interest rates could have a material adverse effect on the 
Company’s asset quality, loan origination volume, financial condition, results of operations, and cash flows. This interest 
rate risk can arise from Federal Reserve Board monetary policies, as well as other economic, regulatory and competitive 
factors that are beyond our control. 

We depend on our executive officers and key personnel to implement our business strategy, and could be harmed 
by the loss of their services. We believe that our continued growth and success depends in large part upon the skills of 
our management team and other key personnel. The competition for qualified personnel in the financial services industry 
is intense, and the loss of key personnel or an inability to attract, retain or motivate key personnel could adversely affect 
our business. If we are not able to retain our existing key personnel or attract additional qualified personnel, our business 
operations could be impaired. 

The value of the securities in our investment portfolio may be negatively affected by market disruptions, adverse 
credit events or fluctuations in interest rates, which could have a material adverse impact on capital levels. Our 
available-for-sale investment securities are reported at their estimated fair values, and fluctuations in fair values can result 
from changes in market interest rates, rating agency actions, issuer defaults, illiquid markets and limited investor demand, 
among other things. As long as the change in the fair value of a security is not considered to be “other than temporary,” 
we directly increase or decrease accumulated other comprehensive income in shareholders’ equity by the amount of the 
change in fair value, net of the tax effect. Because of the size of our fixed income bond portfolio relative to total assets, a 
relatively  large  increase  in  market  interest  rates,  in  particular,  could  result  in  a  material  drop  in  fair  values  and,  by 
extension, our capital. Investment securities that have an amortized cost in excess of their current fair value at the end of 
a reporting period are also evaluated for other-than-temporary impairment. If such impairment is indicated, the difference 
between the amortized cost and the fair value of those securities will be recorded as a charge in our income statement, 
which could also have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and capital levels. 

We  are  exposed  to  the  risk  of  environmental  liabilities  with  respect  to  properties  to  which  we  obtain  title. 
Approximately 80% of our loan portfolio at December 31, 2019 consisted of real estate loans. In the normal course of 
business we may foreclose and take title to real estate collateral, and could be subject to environmental liabilities with 
respect to those properties. We may be held liable to a governmental entity or to third parties for property damage, personal 
injury, investigation and clean-up costs incurred by these parties in connection with environmental contamination, or may 
be required to investigate or clean up hazardous or toxic substances, or chemical releases at a property. The costs associated 
with investigation or remediation activities could be substantial. In addition, if we are the owner or former owner of a 
contaminated site, we may be subject to common law claims by third parties based on damages and costs resulting from 
environmental contamination emanating from the property. These costs and claims could adversely affect our business 
and prospects. 

Risks Related to our Common Stock 

You may not be able to sell your shares at the times and in the amounts you want if the price of our stock fluctuates 
significantly or the trading market for our stock is not active. The trading price of our common stock could be impacted 
by  a  number  of  factors,  many  of  which  are  outside  our  control.  Although  our  stock  has  been  listed  on  NASDAQ  for 
many years and our trading volume has increased in recent periods, trading in our stock does not consistently occur in high 

21 

volumes and the market for our stock cannot always be characterized as active. Thin trading in our stock may exaggerate 
fluctuations in the stock’s value, leading to price volatility in excess of that which would occur in a more active trading 
market. In addition, the stock market in general is subject to fluctuations that affect the share prices and trading volumes 
of many companies, and these broad market fluctuations could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. 
Factors that could affect our common stock price in the future include but are not necessarily limited to the following: 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our operating results and financial condition; 

changes in revenue or earnings estimates or publication of research reports and recommendations by financial 
analysts; 

failure to meet analysts’ revenue or earnings estimates; 

speculation in the press or investment community; 

strategic actions by us or our competitors, such as acquisitions or restructurings; 

actions by shareholders; 

sales of our equity or equity-related securities, or the perception that such sales may occur; 

fluctuations in the trading volume of our common stock; 

fluctuations in the stock prices, trading volumes, and operating results of our competitors; 

•  market conditions in general and, in particular, for the financial services industry; 

• 

• 

• 

• 

proposed or adopted regulatory changes or developments; 

regulatory action against us; 

actual, anticipated or pending investigations, proceedings, or litigation that involve or affect us; and 

domestic and international economic factors unrelated to our performance. 

The stock market and, more specifically, the market for financial institution stocks, has experienced significant volatility 
in the past, including in the latter part of 2019 and the first quarter of 2020. As a result, the market price of our common 
stock  has  at  times  been  unpredictable  and  could  be  in  the  future,  as  well.  The  capital  and  credit  markets  have  also 
experienced volatility and disruption over the past several years, at times reaching unprecedented levels. In some cases, 
the markets have produced downward pressure on stock prices and adversely impacted credit availability for certain issuers 
without regard to the issuers’ underlying financial strength. 

We could pursue additional capital in the future, which may or may not be available on acceptable terms, could 
dilute the holders of our outstanding common stock, and may adversely affect the market price of our common 
stock.  Our  ability  to  raise  additional  capital,  if  needed,  will  depend  on,  among  other  things,  conditions  in  the  capital 
markets  at  the  time,  which  are outside  of  our  control,  and  our financial performance. Furthermore,  any  capital  raising 
activity  could  dilute  the  holders  of  our  outstanding  common  stock,  and  may  adversely  affect  the  market  price  of  our 
common stock and performance measures such as return on equity and earnings per share. 

Future  acquisitions  may  dilute  shareholder  ownership  and  value,  especially  tangible  book  value  per  share.  We 
periodically evaluate opportunities to acquire other financial institutions and/or bank branches, and could incorporate such 
acquisitions  as  part  of  our  future  growth  strategy.  Such  acquisitions  may  involve  cash,  debt,  and/or  equity  securities. 
Acquisitions typically involve the payment of a premium over book and market values, and, therefore, some dilution of 

22 

our tangible book value per common share may occur in connection with any future acquisitions. To the extent we issue 
capital stock in connection with such transactions, the share ownership of our existing shareholders may be diluted. 

The Company relies heavily on the payment of dividends from the Bank. Other than $4.5 million in cash available at 
the  holding  company  level  at  December 31,  2019,  the  Company’s  ability  to  meet  debt  service  requirements  and  pay 
dividends  depends  on  the  Bank’s  ability  to  pay  dividends  to  the  Company,  as  the  Company  has  no  other  source  of 
significant income. However, the Bank is subject to regulations limiting the amount of dividends it may pay. For example, 
the payment of dividends by the Bank is affected by the requirement to maintain adequate capital pursuant to the capital 
adequacy guidelines issued by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. If (i) any capital requirements are increased; 
and/or  (ii) the  total  risk-weighted  assets  of  the  Bank  increase  significantly;  and/or  (iii) the  Bank’s  income  declines 
significantly, the Bank’s Board of Directors may decide or be required to retain a greater portion of the Bank’s earnings 
to  achieve  and  maintain  the  required  capital  or  asset  ratios.  This  would  reduce  the  amount  of  funds  available  for  the 
payment of dividends by the Bank to the Company. Further, one or more of the Bank’s regulators could prohibit the Bank 
from paying dividends if, in their view, such payments would constitute unsafe or unsound banking practices. The Bank’s 
ability to pay dividends to the Company is also limited by the California Financial Code. Whether dividends are paid, and 
the frequency and amount of such dividends will also depend on the financial condition and performance of the Bank and 
the  decision  of  the  Bank’s  Board  of  Directors.  Information  concerning  the  Company’s  dividend  policy  and  historical 
dividend practices is set forth in Item 5 below under “Dividends.”  However, no assurance can be given that our future 
performance will justify the payment of dividends in any particular year. 

Your  investment  may  be  diluted  because  of  our  ability  to  offer  stock  to  others,  and  from  the  exercise  of  stock 
options. The shares of our common stock do not have preemptive rights, which means that you may not be entitled to buy 
additional shares if shares are offered to others in the future. We are authorized to issue up to 24,000,000 shares of common 
stock, and as of December 31, 2019 we had 15,284,538 shares of common stock outstanding. Except for certain limitations 
imposed by NASDAQ, nothing restricts our ability to offer additional shares of stock for fair value to others in the future. 
Any issuances of common stock would dilute our shareholders’ ownership interests and may dilute the per share book 
value  of  our  common  stock.  Furthermore,  when  our  directors  and  officers  exercise  in-the-money  stock  options  your 
ownership in the Company is diluted. As of December 31, 2019, there were outstanding options to purchase an aggregate 
of 457,959 shares of our common stock with an average exercise price of $21.08 per share. At the same date there were 
an additional 673,000 shares available to grant under our 2017 Stock Incentive Plan. 

Shares of our preferred stock issued in the future could have dilutive and other effects on our common stock. Our 
Articles of Incorporation authorize us to issue 10,000,000 shares of preferred stock, none of which is presently outstanding. 
Although our Board of Directors has no present intention to authorize the issuance of shares of preferred stock, such shares 
could be authorized in the future. If such shares of preferred stock are made convertible into shares of common stock, there 
could be a dilutive effect on the shares of common stock then outstanding. In addition, shares of preferred stock may be 
provided a preference over holders of common stock upon our liquidation or with respect to the payment of dividends, in 
respect of voting rights, or in the redemption of our common stock. The rights, preferences, privileges and restrictions 
applicable to any series or preferred stock would be determined by resolution of our Board of Directors. 

The holders of our debentures have rights that are senior to those of our shareholders. In 2004 we issued $15,464,000 
of junior subordinated debt securities due March 17, 2034, and in 2006 we issued an additional $15,464,000 of junior 
subordinated  debt  securities  due  September 23,  2036  in  order  to  supplement  regulatory  capital.  Moreover,  the  Coast 
Bancorp acquisition included $7,217,000 of junior subordinated debt securities due December 15, 2037. All of these junior 
subordinated debt securities are senior to the shares of our common stock. As a result, we must make interest payments on 
the debentures before any dividends can be paid on our common stock, and in the event of our bankruptcy, dissolution or 
liquidation, the holders of debt securities must be paid in full before any distributions may be made to the holders of our 
common stock. In addition, we have the right to defer interest payments on the junior subordinated debt securities for up 
to five years, during which time no dividends may be paid to holders of our common stock. In the event that the Bank is 
unable to pay dividends to us, we may be unable to pay the amounts due to the holders of the junior subordinated debt 
securities and thus would be unable to declare and pay any dividends on our common stock. 

Provisions  in our articles  of  incorporation  could  delay  or prevent  changes  in  control of our  corporation or our 
management. Our articles of incorporation contain provisions for staggered terms of office for members of the board of 

23 

directors; no cumulative voting in the election of directors; and the requirement that our board of directors consider the 
potential social and economic effects on our employees, depositors, customers and the communities we serve as well as 
certain  other  factors,  when  evaluating  a  possible  tender  offer,  merger  or  other  acquisition  of  the  Company.  These 
provisions  make  it  more  difficult  for  another  company  to  acquire  us,  which  could  cause  our  shareholders  to  lose  an 
opportunity to be paid a premium for their shares in an acquisition transaction and reduce the current and future market 
price of our common stock. 

ITEM 1B.   UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS 

Not applicable. 

ITEM 2.      PROPERTIES 

The Company’s administrative headquarters is housed in a 37,000 square foot, three-story office building located at 86 
North Main Street, Porterville, California, and our main office consists of a one-story brick building located at 90 N. Main 
Street,  Porterville,  California,  adjacent  to  our  administrative  headquarters.  Both  of  those  buildings  are  situated  on 
unencumbered property owned by the Company. The Company also owns unencumbered property on which 18 of our 
other offices are located, namely the following branches:  Bakersfield Ming, California City, Dinuba, Exeter, Farmersville, 
Fresno Shaw, Hanford, Lindsay, Lompoc, Porterville West Olive, San Luis Obispo, Santa Paula, Tehachapi Downtown, 
Tehachapi  Old  Town,  Three  Rivers,  Tulare,  Visalia  Mooney  and  Woodlake.  The  remaining  branches,  as  well  as  our 
technology center and remote ATM locations, are leased from unrelated parties. Management believes that existing back-
office facilities are adequate to accommodate the Company’s operations for the immediately foreseeable future. 

ITEM 3.      LEGAL PROCEEDINGS 

From time to time the Company is a party to claims and legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of business. After 
taking  into  consideration  information  furnished  by  counsel  to  the  Company  as  to  the  current  status  of  these  claims  or 
proceedings  to  which  the  Company  is  a  party,  Management  is  of  the  opinion  that  the  ultimate  aggregate  liability 
represented thereby, if any, will not have a material adverse effect on the financial condition of the Company. 

ITEM 4.      MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES 

Not applicable. 

24 

 
 
PART II 

ITEM 5.       MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS 

AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES 

(a)     Market Information 

Sierra Bancorp’s Common Stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol BSRR, and the CUSIP 
number for our stock is #82620P102. Trading in the Company’s Common Stock has not consistently occurred in high 
volumes, and such trading activity cannot always be characterized as an active trading market. 

The following table summarizes trades of the Company’s Common Stock, setting forth the approximate high and low sales 
prices and volume of trading for the periods indicated, based upon information available via public sources: 

  Sale Price Of The Company’s   Approximate Trading

Calendar 
Quarter End 
March 31, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
June 30, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
September 30, 2018  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
December 31, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
March 31, 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
June 30, 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
September 30, 2019  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
December 31, 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Common Stock 

High 
 28.70  
 29.96  
 31.18  
 29.02  
 27.81  
 27.98  
 27.36  
 30.15  

Low 
 25.42  
 25.72  
 28.03  
 22.94  
 22.68  
 24.01  
 23.75  
 25.78  

Volumes 
Shares 
 1,557,545 
 1,666,047 
 2,576,212 
 2,598,735 
 1,928,277 
 1,385,742 
 1,851,314 
 2,064,085 

(b)     Holders 

As of January 31, 2020 there were an estimated 5,010 shareholders of the Company’s Common Stock. There were 686 
registered  holders  of  record  on  that  date,  and  per  Broadridge,  an  investor  communication  company,  there  were  4,324 
beneficial  holders  with  shares  held  under  a  street  name,  including  “objecting  beneficial  owners”  whose  names  and 
addresses are unavailable. Since some holders maintain multiple accounts, it is likely that the above numbers overstate the 
actual number of the Company’s shareholders. 

(c)     Dividends 

The Company paid cash dividends totaling $11.3 million, or $0.74 per share in 2019 and $9.8 million, or $0.64 per share 
in 2018, which represents 32% of annual net earnings for 2019 and 33% for 2018. The Company’s general dividend policy 
is to pay cash dividends within the range of typical peer payout ratios, provided that such payments do not adversely affect 
the Company’s financial condition and are not overly restrictive to its growth capacity. However, in the past when many 
of our peers elected to suspend dividend payments, the Company’s Board determined that we should continue to pay a 
certain level of dividends without regard to peer payout ratios, as long as our core operating performance was adequate 
and policy or regulatory restrictions did not preclude such payments. That said, no assurance can be given that our financial 
performance in any given year will justify the continued payment of a certain level of cash dividend, or any cash dividend 
at all. 

As a bank holding company that currently has no significant assets other than its equity interest in the Bank, the Company’s 
ability to declare dividends depends upon cash on hand as supplemented by dividends from the Bank. The Bank’s dividend 
practices  in  turn  depend  upon  the  Bank’s  earnings,  financial  position,  regulatory  standing,  ability  to  meet  current  and 
anticipated  regulatory  capital  requirements,  and  other  factors  deemed  relevant  by  the  Bank’s  Board  of  Directors.  The 
authority  of  the  Bank’s  Board  of  Directors  to  declare  cash  dividends  is  also  subject  to  statutory  restrictions.  Under 
California banking law, the Bank may at any time declare a dividend in an amount not to exceed the lesser of (i) its retained 
earnings, or (ii) its net income for the last three fiscal years reduced by distributions to the Bank’s shareholder during such 
period. However, with the prior approval of the California Commissioner of Business Oversight the Bank may declare a 

25 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
     
larger dividend, in an amount not exceeding the greatest of (i) the retained earnings of the Bank, (ii) the net income of the 
Bank for its last fiscal year, or (iii) the net income of the Bank for its current fiscal year. 

The Company’s ability to pay dividends is also limited by state law. California law allows a California corporation to pay 
dividends if its retained earnings equal at least the amount of the proposed dividend plus any preferred dividend arrears 
amount. If a California corporation does not have sufficient retained earnings available for the proposed dividend, it may 
still pay a dividend to its shareholders if immediately after the dividend the value of the company’s assets would equal or 
exceed the sum of its total liabilities plus any preferred dividend arrears amount. In addition, during any period in which 
the Company has deferred the payment of interest otherwise due and payable on its subordinated debt securities, it may 
not pay any dividends or make any distributions with respect to its capital stock (see “Item 7, Management’s Discussion 
and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – Capital Resources”). 

(d)     Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans 

The following table provides information as of December 31, 2019 with respect to options outstanding and available under 
our 2017 Stock Incentive Plan and the now-terminated 2007 Stock Incentive Plan, which are our only equity compensation 
plans other than an employee benefit plan meeting the qualification requirements of Section 401(a) of the Internal Revenue 
Code: 

Plan Category 

Equity compensation plans approved by security 
holders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

(e)     Performance Graph 

Number of Securities 
to be Issued Upon Exercise 

of Outstanding Options      

Weighted-Average 
 Exercise Price of  
Outstanding Options     

Number of Securities
Remaining Available 
for Future Issuance 

 466,520   $ 

 14.12  

 749,120 

Below is a five-year performance graph comparing the cumulative total return on the Company’s common stock to the 
cumulative total returns of the NASDAQ Composite Index (a broad equity market index), the SNL Bank Index, and the 

26 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
SNL $1 billion to $5 billion Bank Index (the latter two qualifying as peer bank indices), assuming a $100 investment on 
December 31, 2014 and the reinvestment of dividends. 

Total Return Performance

Sierra Bancorp

NASDAQ Composite Index

SNL Bank $1B-$5B Index

SNL Bank Index

250

200

150

100

e
u
l
a
V

x
e
d
n

I

50
12/31/14

12/31/15

12/31/16

12/31/17

12/31/18

12/31/19

Period Ending 

Index 
Sierra Bancorp . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
NASDAQ Composite . . . . . . .    
SNL Bank $1B-$5B . . . . . . . .    
SNL Bank  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

     12/31/14       12/31/15       12/31/16       12/31/17       12/31/18       12/31/19 
  187.88 
  200.49 
  182.85 
  170.79 

  150.81  
  146.67  
150.42  
  126.12  

  162.93  
  150.96  
  171.69  
  151.75  

  159.71  
  116.45  
  161.04  
  128.51  

  103.13  
  106.96  
  111.94  
  101.71  

  100.00  
  100.00  
  100.00  
  100.00  

Source: S&P Global Market Intelligence 

(f)     Stock Repurchases 

In September 2016 the Board authorized 500,000 shares of common stock for repurchase, subsequent to the completion 
of previous stock buyback plans. The authorization of shares for repurchase does not provide assurance that a specific 
quantity of shares will be repurchased, and the program may be suspended at any time at Management’s discretion.  

27 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The  following  table  provides  information  with  respect  to  purchases  made  by  or  on  behalf  of  us  (as  defined  in 
Rule 10b - 18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), of our common stock during the fourth quarter of 2019. 

Period 
October 1, 2019 - October 31, 2019 . . . . . .   
November 1, 2019 - November 30, 2019  .   
December 1, 2019 - December 31, 2019 . .   
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Total Number 
of Shares 
Purchased 

Average 
Price Paid 
per Share 

 15,806   $
 18,694   $
 9,524   $
 44,024  

25.99  
26.89  
26.94  

ITEM 6.       SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA 

Total Number 
of Shares 
Purchased as 
Part of a 
Publicly 
Announced 
Plan 

 15,806  
 34,500  
 44,024  

Maximum Number 
(or Approximate 
Dollar Value) of 
Shares That May 
Yet Be Purchased 
Under the Plan at 
the End of the 
Period 

 408,569 
 389,875 
 380,351 

The following table presents selected historical financial information concerning the Company, which should be read in 
conjunction  with  our  audited  consolidated  financial  statements,  including  the  related  notes,  and  “Management’s 
Discussion  and  Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations”  included  elsewhere  herein.  The  selected 
financial data as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, and for each of the years in the three year period ended December 31, 
2017, is derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes which are included in this Annual 
Report.  The  selected  financial  data  presented  for  earlier years  is  from  our  audited  financial  statements  which  are  not 
included  in  this  Annual  Report.  Throughout  this  Annual  Report,  information  is  for  the  consolidated  Company  unless 
otherwise stated. 

28 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
Selected Financial Data 
(dollars in thousands, except per share data) 

Operating Data . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $
Interest expense  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net interest income before provision for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . .   
(Benefit) provision for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Non-interest income  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Income before provision for income taxes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Provision for income taxes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Selected Balance Sheet Summary 
Total loans, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Allowance for loan losses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Cash and due from banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Foreclosed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Premises and equipment, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total interest-earning assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total interest-bearing liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total liabilities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Per Share Data 
Net income per basic share  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net income per diluted share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Book value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Cash dividends . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Weighted average common shares outstanding basic  . . . . . . . . . . .   
Weighted average common shares outstanding diluted . . . . . . . . . .   
Key Operating Ratios: 

2019 
 110,947    $
 13,578   
 97,369   
 2,550   
 23,477   
 70,578   
 47,718   
 11,757   
 35,961   

As of and for the years ended December 31,  
2017 
 80,924    $
 5,223   
 75,701   
 (1,140)  
 21,779   
 65,441   
 33,179   
 13,640   
 19,539   

2018 
 101,638    $
 9,244   
 92,394   
 4,350   
 21,564   
 70,024   
 39,584   
 9,907   
 29,677   

2016 
 68,505    $
 3,323   
 65,182   
 —   
 19,238   
 58,053   
 26,367   
 8,800   
 17,567   

 1,755,538   
 9,923   
 600,799   
 80,077   
 800   
 27,435   
 2,370,858   
 2,593,819   
 1,558,080   
 2,168,374   
 2,284,534   
 309,285   

 1,724,780   
 9,750   
 560,479   
 74,132   
 1,082   
 29,500   
 2,286,952   
 2,522,502   
 1,561,039   
 2,116,340   
 2,249,478   
 273,024   

 1,551,551   
 9,043   
 558,329   
 70,137   
 5,481   
 29,388   
 2,118,875   
 2,340,298   
 1,417,590   
 1,988,386   
 2,084,356   
 255,942   

 1,255,754   
 9,701   
 530,083   
 120,442   
 2,225   
 28,893   
 1,827,192   
 2,032,873   
 1,277,416   
 1,695,471   
 1,826,995   
 205,878   

2015 
 62,707 
 2,581 
 60,126 
 — 
 17,715 
 50,703 
 27,138 
 9,071 
 18,067 

 1,124,602 
 10,423 
 507,582 
 48,623 
 3,193 
 21,990 
 1,634,180 
 1,796,537 
 1,150,010 
 1,464,628 
 1,606,197 
 190,340 

 2.35   
 2.33   
 20.24   
 0.74   
   15,311,113   
   15,437,111   

 1.94   
 1.92   
 17.84   
 0.64   
   15,261,794   
   15,432,120   

 1.38   
 1.36   
 16.81   
 0.56   
   14,172,196   
   14,357,782   

 1.30   
 1.29   
 14.94   
 0.48   
   13,530,293   
   13,651,804   

 1.34 
 1.33 
 14.36 
 0.42 
   13,460,605 
   13,585,110 

Performance Ratios: (1) 

Return on average equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Return on average assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net interest spread (tax-equivalent) (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net interest margin (tax-equivalent) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Dividend payout ratio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Equity to assets ratio  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Efficiency ratio (tax-equivalent) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net loans to total Deposits at Period end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Asset Quality Ratios: (1) 

Non-performing loans to total loans (2)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Non-performing assets to total loans and other real estate 

owned (2)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net (recoveries) charge-offs to average loans . . . . . . . . . . .   
Allowance for loan losses to total loans at period end . . . . .   
Allowance for Loan Losses to Non-Performing Loans  . . . .   

Regulatory Capital Ratios: (3) 

Common equity tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets  . . . . .   
Tier 1 capital to adjusted average assets (leverage ratio)  . . .   
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total capital to risk-weighted assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

12.23%   
1.40%   
3.90%   
4.19%   
31.49%   
11.44%   
57.46%   
80.96%   

11.37%   
1.23%   
4.03%   
4.24%   
32.99%   
10.80%   
60.79%   
81.50%   

8.82%   
0.93%   
3.90%   
4.04%   
40.61%   
10.53%   
65.52%   
78.03%   

8.71%   
0.95%   
3.86%   
3.95%   
36.97%   
10.93%   
67.23%   
74.07%   

9.59% 
1.07% 
3.92% 
3.99% 
31.29% 
11.13% 
63.98% 
70.32% 

0.33%   

0.30%   

0.25%   

0.50%   

0.85% 

0.37%   
0.14%   
0.56%   
172.96%   

13.27%   
11.91%   
14.98%   
15.48%   

0.36%   
0.22%   
0.57%   
189.10%   

12.61%   
11.49%   
14.38%   
14.89%   

0.60%   
-0.04%  
0.58%   
228.19%   

12.84%   
11.32%   
14.79%   
15.32%   

0.68%   
0.06%   
0.77%   
152.41%   

14.09%   
11.92%   
16.53%   
17.25%   

1.13% 
0.08% 
0.93% 
108.19% 

N/A 
12.99% 
17.39% 
18.44% 

(1)  Asset quality ratios are end of period ratios. Performance ratios are based on average daily balances during the periods indicated. 
(2)  Performing TDR’s are not included in nonperforming loans and are therefore not included in the numerators used to calculate these ratios. 
(3)  For definitions and further information relating to regulatory capital requirements, see “Item 1, Business - Supervision and Regulation - Capital Adequacy 

Requirements herein. 

(4)  Represents the average rate earned on interest-earning assets less the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities. 

29 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 7.       MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND 

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS 

This discussion presents Management’s analysis of the Company’s financial condition as of December 31, 2019 and 2018, 
and the results of operations for each year in the three-year period ended December 31, 2019. The discussion should be 
read in conjunction with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the notes related thereto presented elsewhere 
in this Form 10 - K Annual Report (see Item 8 below). 

Statements  contained  in  this  report  or  incorporated  by  reference  that  are  not  purely  historical  are  forward  looking 
statements  within  the  meaning  of  Section 21E  of  the  Securities  Exchange  Act  of  1934  as  amended,  including  the 
Company’s expectations, intentions, beliefs, or strategies regarding the future. All forward-looking statements concerning 
economic conditions, growth rates, income, expenses, or other values which are included in this document are based on 
information  available  to  the Company  on  the date  noted, and  the  Company  assumes  no obligation  to  update  any such 
forward-looking statements. It is important to note that the Company’s actual results could materially differ from those in 
such forward-looking statements. Risk factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-
looking statements include but are not limited to those outlined previously in Item 1A. 

Critical Accounting Policies 

The  Company’s  financial  statements  are  prepared  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the 
United States. The financial information and disclosures contained within those statements are significantly impacted by 
Management’s estimates and judgments, which are based on historical experience and incorporate various assumptions 
that  are  believed  to  be  reasonable  under  current  circumstances.  Actual  results  may  differ  from  those  estimates  under 
divergent conditions. 

Critical accounting policies are those that involve the most complex and subjective decisions and assessments, and have 
the greatest potential impact on the Company’s stated results of operations. In Management’s opinion, the Company’s 
critical accounting policies deal with the following areas:  the establishment of an allowance for loan and lease losses, as 
explained  in  detail  in  Note 2  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements  and  in  the  “Provision  for  Loan  Losses”  and 
“Allowance  for  Loan  and  Lease  Losses”  sections  of  this  discussion  and  analysis;  the  valuation  of  impaired  loans  and 
foreclosed assets, as discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements; income taxes and deferred tax assets and 
liabilities, especially with regard to the ability of the Company to recover deferred tax assets as discussed in the “Provision 
for Income Taxes” and “Other Assets” sections of this discussion and analysis; and goodwill and other intangible assets, 
which are evaluated annually for impairment and for which we have determined that no impairment exists, as discussed 
in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements and in the “Other Assets” section of this discussion and analysis. Critical 
accounting areas are evaluated on an ongoing basis to ensure that the Company’s financial statements incorporate the most 
recent expectations with regard to those areas. 

Overview of the Results of Operations and Financial Condition 

Results of Operations Summary 

The Company recognized net income of $35.96 million in 2019 relative to $29.68 million in 2018 and $19.54 million in 
2017. Net income per diluted share was $2.33 in 2019, as compared to $1.92 in 2018 and $1.36 for 2017. The Company’s 
return  on  average  assets  and  return on  average  equity were 1.40%  and 12.23%, respectively,  in  2019,  as  compared  to 
1.23% and 11.37%, respectively, in 2018 and 0.93% and 8.82%, respectively, for 2017.  Our financial results have been 
trending  better  for  the  past  several years  due  in  part  to  a  higher  volume  of  loans,  a  strong  base  of  core  deposits,  and 
reductions in nonperforming assets. Our operating results and balance sheet have been materially impacted by a whole-
bank acquisition in 2017,  branch acquisitions in both 2017 and 2018, and nonrecurring items, as discussed in greater detail 
in  the  applicable  sections  below.  Furthermore,  the  Company’s  financial  performance  was  favorably  affected  by  a 
substantially lower corporate income tax rate starting in 2018, but was negatively impacted in 2017 by a $2.71 million 
charge to our income tax provision as we revalued our net deferred tax asset to reflect the lower income tax rate enacted 

30 

at the end of that year.  The following is a summary of the major factors that impacted the Company’s results of operations 
for the years presented in the consolidated financial statements. 

•  Net interest income improved by 5% in 2019 over 2018 and 22% in 2018 over 2017, due primarily to 
growth in average interest-earning assets. The increase in average earning assets in 2019 over 2018 was 
due primarily to a $90.0 million increase in average balance of real estate loans and a $48.1 million increase 
in average balances of mortgage warehouse loans, partially offset by decreases in other loan categories.  The 
increase in real estate loans was driven primarily by organic growth in late 2018 and early 2019, but were 
offset by paydowns in the second half of 2019.  The increase in average mortgage warehouse loans in 2019 
was primarily a result of proactive pricing and marketing to mortgage lenders in the lower mortgage rate 
cycle in 2019.  The increase in average earning assets in 2018 over 2017 was due partly to recent acquisitions, 
but was largely organic, resulting from concerted business development efforts and lending opportunities 
inherent in expanded markets. The positive impact of average asset growth in 2019 was partially offset by a 
5 basis point decline in net interest margin due to the lower rate environment in the second half of 2019.   The 
increase in average earning assets in 2018 as compared to 2017 was further enhanced by net interest margin 
expansion  of  20  basis  points  in  2018  resulting  in  part  from  short-term  interest  rate  increases,  discount 
accretion on acquisition loans, and a favorable shift in our mix of interest-earning assets. Net interest income 
has also been impacted by nonrecurring interest items, which added $0.82 million to interest income in 2019 
relative to $0.28 million in 2018 and $0.74 million in 2017.  

•  We recorded a loan loss provision of $2.55 million in 2019, as compared to $4.35 million in 2018 and a 
negative provision of $1.14 million in 2017.  The 2019 provision was deemed necessary subsequent to our 
determination of the appropriate level for our allowance for loan and lease losses, taking into consideration 
overall credit quality, growth in outstanding loan balances, and reserves required for specifically identified 
impaired loan balances, including reserves set aside for a $2.8 million loan that was placed on non-accrual 
status shortly before the end of the third quarter.  We recorded a partial charge-off of $1.2 million on that 
particular loan in the fourth quarter of 2019.  The 2018 provision was deemed necessary subsequent to our 
determination of the appropriate level for our allowance for loan and lease losses, taking into consideration 
overall credit quality, growth in outstanding loan balances, and reserves required for specifically identified 
impaired loan balances (including $2.4 million for a large purchased participation loan that was placed on 
non-accrual  status  in  the  third  quarter).  The  provision  reversal  in  2017  was  made  possible  by  principal 
recovered on charged-off loan balances.  

•  Noninterest income increased by $1.91 million, or 9%,  in 2019, but fell by $0.22 million or 1%, in 2018 
over 2017.  The increase in 2019 was primarily due to favorable fluctuation in bank-owned life insurance 
(“BOLI”)  income  associated  with  deferred  compensation  income,  and  a  nonrecurring  charge  in  2018  as 
described below. The decline in 2018 occurred as gains in deposit service charges, debit card interchange 
income, and other fees were offset by lower income from BOLI and a $0.91 million drop in nonrecurring 
income including the impact of an expense amortization adjustment on our tax credit investments (reflected 
as an offset to income).  

•  Noninterest expense increased by $0.55 million, or 1%, in 2019 as compared to 2018, and increased by 
$4.58 million, or 7%, in 2018 over 2017.  The slight increase in noninterest expense in 2019 was due mostly 
to other real estate owned (“OREO”) expense and directors deferred compensation expense associated with 
the BOLI income described above.  These increases were mostly offset by lower occupancy expense. The 
escalation  of  noninterest  expense  for  2018  as  compared  to  2017  includes  the  impact  of  acquisitions  on 
ongoing operating costs and a relatively large increase in group health insurance costs, partially offset by 
favorable swings of $1.78 million in nonrecurring acquisition costs, $1.00 million in net foreclosed asset 
costs, and $0.70 million in directors deferred compensation expense (related to the drop in BOLI income).  

•  The Company recorded income tax provisions of $11.76 million, or 25% of pre-tax income in 2019; 
$9.91 million, or 25% of pre-tax income in 2018; and $13.64 million, or 41% of pre-tax income in 2017.  
As expected, the overall tax rate remained relatively stable throughout 2019 and 2018.  The lower tax rate 
for 2018 as compared to 2017 resulted from a reduction in our federal income tax rate starting in 2018 as 

31 

well as a $2.71 million deferred tax asset revaluation charge in late 2017 after the enactment of the Tax Cuts 
and Jobs Act of 2017. 

Financial Condition Summary 

The Company’s assets totaled $2.59 billion at December 31, 2019 as compared to $2.52 billion at December 31, 2018. 
Total liabilities were $2.28 billion at December 31, 2019 as compared to $2.25 billion at the end of 2018, and shareholders’ 
equity totaled $309 million at December 31, 2019 compared to $273 million at December 31, 2018. The following is a 
summary of key balance sheet changes during 2019. 

•  Total assets increased by $71 million, or 3%. The increase resulted primarily from earning asset growth 

including $31 million of gross loan growth and a $40 million increase in investment securities. 

•  Gross loans and leases were up $31 million, or 2%.  Loan growth consisted mainly of growth in mortgage 

warehouse lines, partially offset by declines in other categories.   

•  Deposit balances reflect net growth of $52 million, or 2%. Deposit growth in 2019 was primarily a result 
of organic growth of noninterest bearing deposits of $28 million and a $14 million increase in interest-bearing 
transaction accounts.    

•  Total capital increased by $36 million, or 13%, ending the year with a balance of $309 million. The 
increase in capital is due mostly to the addition of net income and capital from stock options exercised, net 
of dividends paid. 

Results of Operations 

The Company earns income from two primary sources. The first is net interest income, which is interest income generated 
by earning assets less interest expense on deposits and other borrowed money. The second is noninterest income, which 
primarily consists of customer service charges and fees but also comes from non-customer sources such as BOLI and 
investment  gains.  The  majority  of  the  Company’s  noninterest  expense  is  comprised  of  operating  costs  that  facilitate 
offering a full range of banking services to our customers. As noted above, acquisitions have had a material impact on our 
operating results in recent periods, including the recognition of nonrecurring acquisition costs as well as higher revenues 
and ongoing overhead expense. Our results were also materially affected by the reduction in our federal income tax rate 
due to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017, which was enacted at the end of 2017 and became effective at the beginning of 
2018. 

Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin 

Net interest income was $97.37 million in 2019 as compared to $92.39 million in 2018 and $75.70 million in 2017. This 
equates to increases of 5% in 2019 and 22% in 2018. The level of net interest income we recognize in any given period 
depends on a combination of factors including the average volume and yield for interest-earning assets, the average volume 
and cost of interest-bearing liabilities, and the mix of products which comprise the Company’s earning assets, deposits, 
and other interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income is also impacted by the reversal of interest for loans placed on 
non-accrual status, and the recovery of interest on loans that had been on non-accrual and were paid off, sold or returned 
to accrual status. 

The following table shows average balances for significant balance sheet categories and the amount of interest income or 
interest expense associated with each category for each of the past three years. The table also displays calculated yields on 

32 

each major component of the Company’s investment and loan portfolios, average rates paid on each key segment of the 
Company’s interest-bearing liabilities, and our net interest margin for the noted periods. 

Distribution, Rate & Yield 
(dollars in thousands, except footnotes) 

Average 
Assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      Balance(1)      Expense      Rate/Yield(2)    Balance(1)      Expense      Rate/Yield(2)     Balance(1)      Expense      Rate/Yield(2)
Investments: 
Federal funds sold/due from banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Taxable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Non-taxable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Equity. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total investments  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 34,832    $ 
 437,194   
 133,506   
 1,128   
 606,660   

 13,237    $ 
 422,848   
 140,300   
 —   
 576,385   

 16,346    $ 
 423,453   
 160,787   
 —   
 600,586   

1.80%    $ 
2.26%   
2.89%   
 —   
2.40%   

2.30%    $ 
2.39%   
3.57%   
 —   
2.71%   

 356   
 8,614   
 3,711   
 16   
 12,697   

 376   
 10,139   
 4,534   
 —   
 15,049   

 238   
 9,548   
 4,060   
 —   
 13,846   

1.02% 
1.97% 
2.78% 
1.42% 
2.09% 

Average 

Average 

Average 

Average 

Average 

2019 
Income/   

Year Ended December 31, 
2018 
Income/   

2017 
Income/   

Loans and Leases: (3) 
Real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Consumer  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Mortgage warehouse  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total loans and leases  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total interest earning assets (4) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other earning assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Non-earning assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

   1,440,465   
 50,042   
 117,679   
 8,497   
 134,171   
 2,894   
   1,753,748   
   2,354,334   
 12,421   
 202,810   
Total assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  2,569,565   

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity 

Interest bearing deposits: 
Demand deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
NOW  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Savings accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Money market  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
CDAR’s  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Certificates of deposit<$100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Certificates of deposit>$100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Brokered deposits  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total interest bearing deposits  . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 106,849    $ 
 444,619   
 289,727   
 124,625   
 —   
 88,792   
 396,465   
 48,392   
   1,499,469   

Borrowed funds: 
Federal funds purchased  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Repurchase agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Short term borrowings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
TRUPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total borrowed funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total interest bearing liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Non-interest bearing demand deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Shareholders’ equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 313   
 22,090   
 13,229   
 34,853   
 70,485   
   1,569,954   
 664,061   
 41,563   
 293,987   
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity  . . . . . . . .    $  2,569,565   

 79,777   
 2,973   
 5,918   
 1,340   
 5,695   
 195   
 95,898   
 110,947   

 316   
 524   
 308   
 181   
 —   
 1,035   
 7,896   
 1,120   
 11,380   

 1   
 88   
 273   
 1,836   
 2,198   
 13,578   

5.54%   
5.94%   
5.03%   
15.77%   
4.24%   
6.74%   
5.47%   
4.76%   

   1,350,425   
 52,031   
 124,809   
 9,755   
 86,030   
 2,682   
   1,625,732   
   2,202,117   
 10,514   
 204,316   
  $  2,416,947   

 73,006   
 2,980   
 5,969   
 1,251   
 4,415   
 171   
 87,792   
 101,638   

5.41%   
5.73%   
4.78%   
12.82%   
5.13%   
6.38%   
5.40%   
4.66%   

   1,029,224   
 49,335   
 120,307   
 11,471   
 105,352   
 3,220   
   1,318,909   
   1,925,569   
 9,018   
 170,229   
   $  2,104,816   

 53,329   
 2,448   
 6,252   
 1,329   
 4,690   
 179   
 68,227   
 80,924   

5.18% 
4.96% 
5.20% 
11.59% 
4.45% 
5.56% 
5.17% 
4.31% 

 364   
 478   
 314   
 146   
 —   
 614   
 5,039   
 305   
 7,260   

 —   
 57   
 196   
 1,731   
 1,984   
 9,244   

0.30%    $ 
0.12%   
0.11%   
0.15%   
 —   
1.17%   
1.99%   
2.31%   
0.76%   

 119,432    $ 
 425,596   
 298,021   
 149,024   
 —   
 81,940   
 310,880   
 16,822   
   1,401,715   

0.32%   
0.40%   
2.06%   
5.27%   
3.12%   
0.86%   

 22   
 14,332   
 8,967   
 34,673   
 57,994   
   1,459,709   
 665,941   
 30,383   
 260,914   
  $  2,416,947   

 417   
 427   
 258   
 157   
 —   
 292   
 2,211   
 —   
 3,762   

 1   
 34   
 58   
 1,368   
 1,461   
 5,223   

0.30%    $ 
0.11%   
0.11%   
0.10%   
 —   
0.75%   
1.62%   
1.81%   
0.52%   

 135,713    $ 
 380,626   
 241,746   
 136,915   
 32   
 74,847   
 274,298   
 —   
   1,244,177   

0.00%   
0.40%   
2.19%   
4.99%   
3.42%   
0.63%   

 166   
 8,514   
 7,074   
 34,496   
 50,250   
   1,294,427   
 557,686   
 31,062   
 221,641   
   $  2,104,816   

0.31% 
0.11% 
0.11% 
0.11% 
0.00% 
0.39% 
0.81% 
 — 
0.30% 

0.60% 
0.40% 
0.82% 
3.97% 
2.91% 
0.40% 

4.31% 
0.27% 
4.04% 

Interest income/interest earning assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Interest expense/interest earning assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net interest income and margin(5) . . . . . . . . . .   

  $ 

 97,369   

4.76%   
0.58%   
4.19%   

  $ 

 92,394   

4.66%   
0.42%   
4.24%   

  $ 

 75,701   

(1)  Average balances are obtained from the best available daily or monthly data and are net of deferred fees and related direct costs. 
(2)  Yields and net interest margin have been computed on a tax equivalent basis. 
(3) 

Loans are gross of the allowance for possible loan losses. Net loan fees have been included in the calculation of interest income. Net loan fees and 
loan acquisition FMV amortization were $(0.35) million, $0.82 million, and $0.63 million for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 
respectively. 

(4)  Non-accrual loans are slotted by loan type and have been included in total loans for purposes of total interest earning assets. 
(5)  Net interest margin represents net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning assets (tax-equivalent). 

The Volume and Rate Variances table below sets forth the dollar difference for the comparative periods in interest earned 
or paid for each major category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, and the amount of such change 
attributable to fluctuations in average balances (volume) or differences in average interest rates. Volume variances are 
equal to the increase or decrease in average balances multiplied by prior period rates, and rate variances are equal to the 

33 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
change  in  rates  multiplied  by  prior  period  average  balances.  Variances  attributable  to  both  rate  and  volume  changes, 
calculated by multiplying the change in rates by the change in average balances, have been allocated to the rate variance. 

Volume & Rate Variances 
(dollars in thousands) 

Years Ended December 31, 

2019 over 2018 
Increase(decrease) due to 
Rate 

2018 over 2017 
Increase(decrease) due to 
Rate 

      Volume 

Net 

Assets: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        Volume 
Investments: 
Federal funds sold/due from time . . . . . .    $ 
Taxable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Non-taxable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Equity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 55   $ 
 6  
 593  
 —  
 654  

 83   $ 

 585  
 (119)  
 —  
 549  

 138   $ 
 591  
 474  
 —  
 1,203  

 (222)  $ 
 (300) 
 189  
 (16) 
 (349) 

 104   $ 

 1,234  
 160  
 —  
 1,498  

Net 

 (118)
 934 
 349 
 (16)
 1,149 

Loans and leases: 
Real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Mortgage warehouse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total loans and leases  . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total interest earning assets . . . . . . . .    $ 

Liabilities: 
Interest bearing deposits: 
Demand  
NOW  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Savings accounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Money market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
CDAR’s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Certificates of deposit < $100,000 . . . . .   
Certificates of deposit > $100,000 . . . . .   
Brokered deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total interest bearing deposits . . . . . .   
Borrowed funds:  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Borrowed funds: 
Federal funds purchased . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Repurchase agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Short term borrowings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Long term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
TRUPS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total borrowed funds . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total interest bearing liabilities . . . . .   
Net interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 4,868  
 (114) 
 (341) 
 (161) 
 2,471  
 14  
 6,737  
 7,391   $ 

 1,903  
 107  
 290  
 250  
 (1,191)  
 10  
 1,369  
 1,918   $ 

 6,771  
 (7) 
 (51) 
 89  
 1,280  
 24  
 8,106  
 9,309   $   15,573   $ 

 16,643  
 134  
 234  
 (199) 
 (860) 
 (30) 
 15,922  

 19,677 
 3,034  
 532 
 398  
 (283)
 (517) 
 (78)
 121  
 (275)
 585  
 (8)
 22  
 3,643  
 19,565 
 5,141   $   20,714 

 (38)  $ 
 21  
 (9) 
 (24) 
 —  
 51  
 1,387  
 572  
 1,960  

 —  
 31  
 93  
 —  
 9  
 133  
 2,093  
 5,298   $ 

 (10)   $ 
 25  
 3  
 59  
 —  
 370  
 1,470  
 243  
 2,160  

 1  
 —  
 (16)  
 —  
 96  
 81  
 2,241  
 (323)   $ 

 (48)  $ 
 46  
 (6) 
 35  
 —  
 421  
 2,857  
 815  
 4,120  

 (50)  $ 
 50  
 60  
 14  
 —  
 28  
 295  
 —  
 397  

 (3)  $ 
 1  
 (4) 
 (25) 
 —  
 294  
 2,533  
 305  
 3,101  

 (53)
 51 
 56 
 (11)
 — 
 322 
 2,828 
 305 
 3,498 

 1  
 31  
 77  
 —  
 105  
 214  
 4,334  
 4,975   $   15,131   $ 

 (1) 
 23  
 16  
 —  
 7  
 45  
 442  

 —  
 (1)
 —  
 23 
 122  
 138 
 —  
 — 
 356  
 363 
 478  
 523 
 4,021 
 3,579  
 1,562   $   16,693 

Net interest income in 2019 as compared to 2018 was impacted by a favorable volume variance of $5.30 million partially 
offset by a $0.32 million rate variance.  For 2018 relative to 2017, net interest income reflects a favorable variance of 
$15.13 million attributable to volume changes, in addition to a favorable rate variance of $1.56 million. 

The 2019 volume variance is due mostly to increases in average balances of real estate loans and mortgage warehouse lines. 
However, the ending balance of real estate loans ended 2019 approximately 3% lower than the balance at December 31, 
2018. For 2018, the volume variance is due to an overall increase of $277 million, or 14%, in average interest-earning 

34 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
assets, resulting from the impact of acquisitions and organic growth in loans less a $30 million drop in the average balance 
of investments.  

The Company’s net interest margin, which is tax-equivalent net interest income as a percentage of average interest-earning 
assets declined by 5 basis points to 4.2% in 2019, but increased by 20 basis points in 2018 as compared to 2017.  The 2019 
unfavorable rate variance is due partially to a lower rate environment in 2019, as well as a shift in the mix of earning assets 
to lower yielding mortgage warehouse lines and non-taxable investment securities coupled with an increase in rates paid 
on time deposits. The 2018 favorable rate variance is largely the result of a higher rate environment favorably impacting 
our earning assets more than our costs of liabilities.  In 2018, our yield on average earning assets increased 35 basis points 
relative to an increase of  23 basis points in the cost of interest-bearing liabilities.  Investment yields increased in both 
2019 and 2018 primarily due to a continued plan to shift to higher yielding municipal bonds, as well as a limited investment 
portfolio restructuring which took place in the latter part of 2017.  Overall loan yields increased in both 2019 and 2018.  
Loan yields have risen as a result of the impact of higher short-term index rates on variable-rate loans, and a relatively 
large volume of new fixed-rate and adjustable-rate loans booked at higher interest rates. The increase in loan yields in 
2019 was partially offset by a shift to lower yielding mortgage warehouse loans. In addition, the company proactively 
lowered rates on certain mortgage warehouse relationships during 2019 in order to increase volumes. Rates paid on non-
maturity deposits were about the same for the comparative periods due to overall low deposit betas on such products.  The 
only exception was a 5 basis point increase on money market accounts, but overall money market account interest cost of 
15 basis points remained low in 2019 relative to the industry.   The weighted average cost of interest-bearing liabilities 
went up in both 2019 and 2018 primarily because of higher rates paid on time deposits (including brokered deposits added 
in the last half of 2018).  If the Federal Open Markets Committee of the Federal Reserve System keeps the federal funds 
target rate at or near its current level throughout 2020, we would expect to see lower time deposit rates in 2020 due to the 
relatively short duration of our time deposit portfolio.  Overnight borrowings and adjustable-rate trust-preferred securities 
(“TRUPS”) are also tied to short-term rates which began lowering in the second half of 2019, but still remained higher 
overall  in  2019  as  compared  to  2018.    During  the  year,  adjustments  to  interest  income  occur  due  to  the  following 
adjustments: interest income recovered upon the resolution of nonperforming loans, the reversal of interest income when 
a loan is placed on non-accrual status, and accelerated fees or prepayment penalties recognized for early payoffs of loans.   
Such  adjustments  totaled  $0.82  million  in  2019,  $0.28  million  in  2018,  and  $0.74  million  in  2017.    Further,  discount 
accretion on loans from whole-bank acquisitions enhanced our net interest margin by approximately four basis points in 
2019, seven basis points in 2018, and five basis points in 2017. 

Provision for Loan and Lease Losses 

The Company recorded a loan loss provision of $2.55 million in 2019; $4.35 million in 2018, and a negative loan loss 
provision of $1.14 million in 2017. Credit risk is inherent in the business of making loans. The Company sets aside an 
allowance for loan and lease losses, a contra-asset account, through periodic charges to earnings which are reflected in the 
income statement as a provision for loan and lease losses. The provision for loan and lease losses includes adjustments to 
the allowance for loan and lease losses pursuant to our evaluation of overall credit quality, growth in outstanding loan 
balances,  and  reserves  required  for  other  specifically  identified  impaired  loan  balances.    Two  separate  impaired  loans 
impacted the provision for loan and lease losses in both 2019 and 2018.  In 2019, additional reserve was booked in the 
third quarter 2019 for a $2.8 million loan placed on nonaccrual status resulting in a  $1.2 million charge-off.  The provision 
for 2018 includes $2.4 million for a large purchased participation loan that was placed on nonaccrual status in the third 
quarter 2018.  The provision reversal in 2017 was made possible by principal recovered on charged-off loan balances.  

With the loan loss provision recorded in 2019 we were able to maintain our allowance for loan and lease losses at a level 
that,  in  Management’s judgment,  is  adequate  to  absorb  probable  loan  losses  related  to  specifically  identified  impaired 
loans as well as probable incurred losses in the remaining loan portfolio. Specifically identifiable and quantifiable loan 
losses are immediately charged off against the allowance. The Company experienced net loan losses of $2.38 million in 
2019, including a $1.2 million charge-off on the loan placed on nonaccrual status in the third quarter 2019 as mentioned 
above. The Company experienced net loan losses of $3.64 million in 2018, including a $2.4 million loss on the above-
referenced participation loan.  The Company recorded net recoveries of $0.48 million on charged off balances in 2017.  
The loan and lease loss provision for 2019 and 2018 has been favorably impacted by the following factors:   most charge-
offs were recorded against pre-established reserves, which alleviated what otherwise might have been a need for reserve 

35 

replenishment;  loss  rates  for  most  loan  types  have  been  declining,  thus  having  a  positive  impact  on  general  reserves 
required for performing loans; and, new loans booked have been underwritten using continued tighter credit standards.  

The  Company’s  policies  for  monitoring  the  adequacy  of  the  allowance  and  determining  loan  amounts  that  should  be 
charged  off,  and  other  detailed  information  with  regard  to  changes  in  the  allowance,  are  discussed  in  Note 2  to  the 
consolidated  financial  statements  and  below  under  “Allowance  for  Loan  and  Lease  Losses.”    The  process  utilized  to 
establish an appropriate allowance for loan and lease losses can result in a high degree of variability in the Company’s 
loan loss provision, and consequently in our net earnings. 

36 

Noninterest Revenue and Operating Expense 

The table below sets forth the major components of the Company’s noninterest revenue and operating expense for the years 
indicated, along with relevant ratios: 

Non-Interest Income/Expense 
(dollars in thousands) 

2019 

     % of Total      

2018 

     % of Total      

2017 

     % of Total 

Year Ended December 31, 

NON-INTEREST INCOME: 
Service charges on deposit accounts . . . . .     $   12,742  
 6,584  
Checkcard fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 4,231  
Other service charges and fees . . . . . . . . . .    
 2,184  
Bank owned life insurance income  . . . . . .    
 (198) 
Gain/(loss) on sale of securities  . . . . . . . . .    
 (2,079) 
Loss on tax credit investment . . . . . . . . . . .    
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 13  
Total non-interest income . . . . . . . . .    
As a % of average interest-earning 
assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

54.28%   $   12,439  
 5,878  
28.04%  
 5,219  
18.02%  
 591  
9.30%  
 2  
-0.84% 
 (2,561) 
-8.86% 
 (4) 
0.06%  
 23,477   100.00%  

57.69%   $   11,230  
 4,955  
27.26%  
 4,052  
24.20%  
 1,640  
2.74%  
 500  
0.01%  
 (961) 
-11.88% 
 363  
-0.02% 
 21,564   100.00%  

51.55% 
22.75% 
18.61% 
7.53% 
2.30% 
-4.41%
1.67% 
 21,779   100.00% 

1.00%  

0.98%  

1.13% 

 2,674  
 6,916  
 2,514  
 4,365  
 4,426  

 1,029  
 270  

 1,654  
 1,064  
 1,089  

4.09% 
10.57% 
3.84% 
6.67% 
6.76% 

1.57% 
0.41% 

2.53% 
1.63% 
1.67% 

 35,978  

50.98%  

 36,133  

51.61%  

 31,506  

48.14% 

OTHER OPERATING EXPENSES: 
Salaries and employee benefits  . . . . . . . . .    
Occupancy costs 

Furniture and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Premises  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Advertising and promotion costs . . . . . . . .    
Data processing costs  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Deposit services costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Loan services costs 

Loan processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Foreclosed assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

Other operating costs 

 2,141  
 7,704  
 2,568  
 4,564  
 7,962  

3.03%  
10.91%  
3.64%  
6.47%  
11.27%  

 2,632  
 7,663  
 2,748  
 5,015  
 5,413  

3.76%  
10.94%  
3.92%  
7.16%  
7.73%  

 675  
 35  

0.96%  
0.05%  

 1,142  
 (730) 

1.64%  
-1.04% 

Telephone and data communications . .    
Postage and mail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

 1,529  
 436  
 1,798  

2.17%  
0.62%  
2.55%  

 1,479  
 997  
 1,408  

2.11%  
1.42%  
2.01%  

Professional services costs 

Legal and accounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Acquisition costs  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Other professional services costs  . . . . .    
Stationery and supply costs  . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Sundry & tellers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

2.34% 
3.40% 
3.46% 
2.00% 
0.92% 
Total other operating expense . . . . . . . .     $   70,578   100.00%   $   70,024   100.00%   $   65,441   100.00% 
3.40% 
As a % of average interest-earning assets  
Net non-interest income as a % of 
average interest-earning assets  . . . . . . .    
Efficiency ratio (1) (2)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

2.94%  
0.03%  
3.53%  
0.45%  
0.40%  

2.76%  
0.64%  
2.79%  
1.98%  
0.57%  

 1,932  
 449  
 1,956  
 1,387  
 400  

 2,072  
 22  
 2,492  
 318  
 284  

 1,532  
 2,225  
 2,266  
 1,309  
 602  

-2.20% 
60.79%  

-2.00% 
57.46%  

-2.27%
66.53% 

3.18%  

3.00%  

(1)  Tax Equivalent 
(2)  Noninterest expense as a percentage of the sum of net interest income and noninterest income excluding net gains (losses) from securities and bank 

owned life insurance income. 

37 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
Noninterest income improved in 2019 with a $1.91 million increase, or 9%, as compared to a decline of $0.21 million, or 
1%, in 2018.  Total noninterest income was 1.00% of average interest-earning asset in 2019 as compared to a ratio of 
0.98% in 2018 and 1.13% in 2017.  The ratio declined in 2018 primarily due to a 14% increase in interest-earning assets 
and a slightly lower level of noninterest income due mostly to lower BOLI income.   

The  principal  component  of  the  Company’s  noninterest  revenue,  service  charges  on  deposit  accounts,  increased  by 
$0.30 million, or 2%, in 2019 as compared to 2018.  The same line item improved by $1.21 million, or 11%, in 2018 over 
2017.  This line item is primarily driven by the volume of transaction accounts. As a percent of average transaction account 
balances, service charge income was 1.0% in 2019 and 2018, and was 1.1% in 2017.   

Checkcard fees consists of interchange fees from our customers’ use of debit cards for electronic funds transactions. This 
category increased by $0.71 million, or 12%, in 2019 as compared to 2018, and increased by $0.92 million, or 19%, in 
2018 over 2017.  The increases in 2019 and 2018 are primarily a result of growth in our deposit account base as well as 
increased usage of debit cards by our customers.  

Other service charges and fees declined by $0.99 million, or 19%, after increasing by $1.17 million, or 29%, in 2018 over 
2017.  The decrease in 2019, as well as the increase for 2018 was due largely to two infrequent items occurring in 2018.  
In  2018,  we  had  a  $1.18  million  write-up  of  our  investment  in  Pacific  Coast  Bankers  Bank  (“PCBB”)  as  well  as  a 
$0.16 million special dividend received pursuant to our equity investment in the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco 
(“FHLB”).  

BOLI income generally fluctuates based on the market.  In 2019, BOLI income increased by $1.59 million, or 270%, over 
2018, whereas such income decreased by $1.05 million, or 64%, in 2018 over 2017.  BOLI income is derived from two 
types of policies owned by the Company, namely “separate account” and “general account” life insurance, and the year 
over  year  variances  are  due  in  large  part  to  fluctuations  in  income  on  separate  account  BOLI.  The  Company  had 
$8.0 million invested in separate account BOLI at December 31, 2019, which produces income that helps offset expense 
accruals for deferred compensation accounts the Company maintains on behalf of certain directors and senior officers. 
Those accounts have returns pegged to participant-directed investment allocations that can include equity, bond, or real 
estate indices, and are thus subject to gains or losses which often contribute to significant fluctuations in income (and 
associated expense accruals).  Gains on separate account BOLI totaled $1.22 million in 2019 as compared to net losses of  
$0.38 million in 2018, and gains of $0.69 million in 2017.  This resulted in a favorable variance of $1.07 million in 2019 
as compared to 2018, and an unfavorable variance of $1.13  million in 2018 over 2017. As noted, gains and losses on 
separate account BOLI are related to expense accruals or reversals associated with participant gains and losses on deferred 
compensation balances, thus the overall net impact on taxable income tends to be minimal. The Company’s books also 
reflect  a  net  cash  surrender  value  for  general  account  BOLI  of  $42.5  million  at  December  31,  2019  as  compared  to 
$41.6 million at year-end 2018. General account BOLI produces income that is used to help offset expenses associated 
with executive salary continuation plans, director retirement plans and other employee benefits. Interest credit rates on 
general account BOLI do not change frequently so the income has typically been fairly consistent with $0.97 million, 
$0.97 million and $0.95 million of general account BOLI income recorded for 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively.  

The Company recognized a $0.20 million loss in 2019, as compared to a nominal gain in 2018 and a $0.50 million gain in 
2017.  The loss in 2019 was taken in order to sell several small balance and low-yielding bonds in order to replace them 
with fewer higher-yielding bonds.  The earnback of the transaction was less than a year.   

Loss on tax credit investment reflects pass-through expenses associated with our investments in low-income housing tax 
credit funds and other limited partnerships. Those expenses, which are netted out of revenue, decreased by $0.48 million, 
or 19%, in 2019 as compared to 2018.  In 2018 as compared to 2017, these expenses increased by $1.60 million, or 166%. 
The  largest  contribution  to  the  favorable  variance  in  2019,  as  well  as  the  unfavorable  variance  in  2018  came  from  a 
$0.91 million adjustment to accelerate expense amortization on our tax credit investments, to ensure that the book value 
of each investment does not exceed its projected remaining tax benefits. The remainder of the annual variances primarily 
relate  to  expense  amortization  for  newer  investments,  as  well  as  a  gain  of  $0.32  million  realized  in  2017  from  the 
dissolution of one of our earliest tax credit investment funds. 

38 

Total operating expense, or noninterest expense, increased by $0.55 million, or 1%, in 2019 as compared to 2018, and 
increased by $4.58 million, or 7%, in 2018 over 2017.  Although overall noninterest expense did not fluctuate significantly 
from 2019 to 2018, several line items fluctuated with the largest single item being deposit service costs of $2.55 million.  
This increase was mostly offset by several smaller changes in other line items.  The increase for 2018 as compared to 2017 
is due primarily to a full year of operating costs associated with the Ojai whole-bank acquisition and a partial year of costs 
for the Lompoc branch acquisition, offset in part by favorable swings of $1.00 million in net foreclosed asset costs and 
$0.70 million in directors deferred compensation expense (related to the drop in BOLI income). Noninterest expense as a 
percent of average interest-earning assets trended down each year.  This ratio was 3.0% in 2019, 3.2% in 2018 and 3.4% 
in 2017.  

The largest component of noninterest expense, salaries and employee benefits, was down $0.16 million, or 0.4%, in 2019 
as compared to 2018.   The same line item was up by $4.63 million, or 15%, in 2018 over 2017.   Salary expense declined 
in 2019 as compared to 2018 in part due to selective staff reductions even though there was some increase to deferred 
compensation expenses as well as the normal annual salary increases. Personnel costs increased in 2018 due to a full year 
of costs for employees retained subsequent to our acquisitions in 2017 and offices opened in 2017, staffing costs for the 
Lompoc branch acquired in 2018, salary adjustments in the normal course of business, and an increase of $0.59 million, 
or 23%, in group health insurance costs. Components of compensation expense that can experience significant variability 
and are typically difficult to predict include salaries associated with successful loan originations, which are accounted for 
in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) guidelines on the recognition and measurement of 
non-refundable  fees  and  origination  costs  for  lending  activities,  and  accruals  associated  with  employee  deferred 
compensation plans. Loan origination salaries that were deferred from current expense for recognition over the life of 
related  loans  totaled  $3.68  million  in  2019,  $4.17  million  in  2018,  and  $3.85  million  for  2017.  Employee  deferred 
compensation expense accruals totaled only $0.23 million in 2019, an increase of $0.22 million from 2018.   Such deferred 
compensation expenses was $0.22 million in 2017.  As noted above in our discussion of BOLI income, employee deferred 
compensation plan accruals are related to separate account BOLI income and losses, as are directors deferred compensation 
accruals  that  are  included  in  “other  professional  services,”  and  the  net  income  impact  of  all  income/expense  accruals 
related to deferred compensation is usually minimal.  Salaries and benefits were 51.0% of total operating expense in 2019, 
relative to 51.6% in 2018 and 48.1% in 2017.  The number of full-time equivalent staff employed by the Company totaled 
513 at the end of 2019, as compared to 541 at December 31, 2018 and 560 at December 31, 2017.  The reductions each 
year came from efficiency initiatives implemented toward the end of the 2018 which continued throughout 2019.   

Total rent and occupancy expense, including furniture and equipment costs, decreased by $0.45 million, or 4%, in 2019 as 
compared to 2018 and increased by $0.70 million, or 7%, in 2018 over 2017.  The decline in 2019 was primarily due to 
lower depreciation expenses and lower maintenance/repair costs in 2019.  The increase for 2018 includes the impact of 
the acquisition and de novo branch offices in 2017 and 2018, and was also due in part to an accrual adjustment that inflated 
rent expense in 2017.  

Advertising and promotion costs decreased by 7% to $2.57 million in 2019 as compared to 2018, and increased by $0.23 
million, or 9%, in 2018 over 2017. The increase in 2018 was mainly the result of marketing efforts targeting our expanded 
geography, and other promotional expenses associated with opening new branches.  

Data processing costs decreased by $0.45 million, or 9%, in 2019 as compared to 2018 and increased by $0.65 million, or 
15%, in 2018 over 2017.   The decrease in 2019 was primarily due to lower core software provider costs.  The increase in 
2018 is primarily from additional core processing costs and other software costs associated with Bank expansion. 

Deposit services costs increased by $2.55 million, or 47%, in 2019 as compared to 2018, and increased by $0.99 million, 
or 22%, in 2018 over 2017.  In 2019, approximately $1.5 million of costs associated with statement printing costs that 
were previously  recorded  in Other  Operations  Expenses  and Stationary  &  Supplies  Expense  were  reclassified  to  Data 
Processing  costs.    The  purpose  of  the  reclassification  was  to  better  track  the  costs  associated  with  producing  paper 
statements for our customers so that we could better track progress against our strategy to lower such costs.  Deposit costs 
were further impacted by increases in debit card processing  and ATM network costs due to higher activity levels.  Most 
of the increase in 2018 for deposit costs was the result of ongoing expenses associated with our acquisitions. 

39 

Loan  services  costs  are  comprised  of  loan  processing  costs,  and  net  costs  associated  with  foreclosed  assets.  Loan 
processing costs, which include expenses for property appraisals and inspections, loan collections, demand and foreclosure 
activities, loan servicing, loan sales, and other miscellaneous lending costs, decreased by $0.47 million, or 41%, in 2019 
as compared to 2018 and increased by $0.11 million, or 11%, in 2018 over 2017.  The decrease in 2019 was due to smaller 
declines in almost every category of loan servicing including collections, appraisals, foreclosure costs, title, flood as a 
result of a dramatic reduction in the amount of residential first mortgages made by the Company.  The increase in 2018 
resulted from a higher level of these same costs including appraisal, inspection and credit reporting costs incidental to 
more  robust  lending  activity.    Foreclosed  assets  costs  are  comprised  of  write-downs  taken  subsequent  to  reappraisals, 
OREO operating expense (including property taxes), and losses on the sale of foreclosed assets, net of rental income on 
OREO properties and gains on the sale of foreclosed assets. Those costs were just $0.04 million in 2019 as compared to a 
$0.74 million net gain in 2018 and costs of $0.27 million in 2017.   These costs fluctuate based on market conditions of 
OREO relative to our holding value and the nature of the underlying property. 

The  “other  operating  costs”  category  includes  telecommunications  expense,  postage,  and  other  miscellaneous  costs. 
Telecommunications expense increased slightly by 3% to $1.53 million in 2019, as compared to $1.48 million in 2018.   
Such expense was $0.17 million, or 11%, lower in 2018 than in 2017, due to focused expense reduction efforts.  Postage 
expense increased by $0.56 million, or 56%, in 2019 as compared to 2018 and decreased by 6% in 2018 relative to 2017.  
The significant decline in 2019 was due mostly to a reclassification of nearly the entire annual variance to deposit services 
costs related to paper statements as described above.  The “Other” category under other operating costs was up by $0.39 
million, or 28%, in 2019 as compared to 2018 and up by $0.32 million, or 29%, in 2018 over 2017.   The increases in both 
years are due mostly to higher consulting and training costs as well as higher recruiting costs in 2019.  

Total  Professional  Services  costs  increased  by  $0.25  million,  or  6%,  in  2019  as  compared  to  2018,  as  compared  to  a 
$1.69 million, or 27%, decrease in 2018 as compared to 2017. Professional Services costs consists of legal and accounting, 
acquisition, and other professional services costs. Legal and Accounting costs increased by $0.14 million, or 7%, in 2019 
as compared to 2018, and increased by $0.40 million, or 26%, in 2018 as compared to 2017. The increase in 2019 was 
mostly due to increased audit and compliance costs as a result of an enhanced risk management program. The increase in 
2018 was due mostly higher audit and tax costs and higher legal costs associated with collections. Acquisition costs, or 
one-time expenses directly attributable to our whole-bank and branch acquisitions, totaled just $0.02 million in 2019, as 
compared to $0.45 million in 2018 and $2.22 million in 2017. Acquisition costs are comprised primarily of termination 
fees for core processing contracts and certain other contracts, software conversion costs, financial advisor fees, legal costs, 
severance and retention amounts paid to employees of the acquired institutions, and the write-off of furniture, fixtures and 
equipment that were not utilized by the Company. Other professional services costs include FDIC assessments and other 
regulatory  expenses,  directors’  costs,  and  certain  insurance  costs  among  other  things.  This  category  increased  by 
$0.54 million, or 27%, in 2019 as compared to 2018, and declined by $0.31 million, or 14%, in 2018 relative to 2017. The 
increase in 2019 is mostly due to a $0.85 million increase in directors’ deferred compensation expense as described above 
under the separate account BOLI. This deferred compensation expense increase is mostly offset by higher BOLI income.  
In addition, FDIC and State exam assessment  expenses declined by $0.33 million in 2019 as compared to 2018.  The 
decline in this category in 2018 stems from a favorable swing of $0.70 million in director’s deferred compensation expense, 
which more than offset higher FDIC costs and corporate insurance premiums.  

Stationery  and  supply  costs  decreased  by  $1.07  million,  or  77%,  in  2019  as  compared  to  2018  due  primarily  to  a 
reclassification  of  customer  paper  statement  expense  to deposit  services costs  as described  above. This  same  category 
increased by $0.08 million, or 6%, in 2018 over 2017,  due to costs associated with Bank expansion.  

Sundry  and  teller  costs  of  $0.28  million  in  2019;  $0.40  million  in  2018  and  $0.60  million  in  2017  primarily  reflect 
operational losses, including debit card disputes.  These costs continue to trend downward due to better technology and 
education.  

The Company’s tax-equivalent overhead efficiency ratio was 57.5% in 2019, 60.8% in 2018, and 65.5% in 2017. The 
overhead efficiency ratio represents total noninterest expense divided by the sum of fully tax-equivalent net interest and 
noninterest income, with the provision for loan losses and investment gains/losses excluded from the equation. The ratio 
trended downward due to continued efforts to control costs, as well as to higher income.  Further, acquisition costs in 2017 
also impacted the ratio unfavorably.  

40 

Income Taxes 

Our income tax provision was $11.76 million, or 24.6% of pre-tax income in 2019 as compared to $9.91 million, or 25.0% 
of  pre-tax  income  in  2018,  and  $13.640  million,  or  41.1%  of  pre-tax  income  in  2017.  The  tax  accrual  rate  was 
approximately the same in 2019 as it was in 2018.  The tax accrual rate dropped in 2018 because of a lower federal income 
tax rate as a result of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017.  

The Company sets aside a provision for income taxes on a monthly basis. The amount of that provision is determined by 
first  applying  the  Company’s  statutory  income  tax  rates  to  estimated  taxable  income,  which  is  pre-tax  book  income 
adjusted for permanent differences, and then subtracting available tax credits. Permanent differences include but are not 
limited to tax-exempt interest income, BOLI income, and certain book expenses that are not allowed as tax deductions. 
The Company’s investments in state, county and municipal bonds provided $4.53 million of federal tax-exempt income in 
2019, $4.06 million in 2018, and $3.71 million in 2017. Moreover, in addition to life insurance proceeds of $0.50 million 
in 2017, net increases in the cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance added $2.18 million to tax-exempt income 
in 2019; $0.59 million in 2018, and $1.64 million in 2017. 

Our tax credits consist primarily of those generated by investments in low-income housing tax credit funds, and California 
state  employment  tax  credits.  We  had  a  total  of  $4.1  million  invested  in  low-income  housing  tax  credit  funds  as  of 
December 31,  2019  and  $5.9  million  as  of  December  31,  2018,  which  are  included  in  other  assets  rather  than  in  our 
investment  portfolio.  Those  investments  have  generated  substantial  tax  credits  over  the  past  few  years,  with  about 
$0.54 million in credits available for the 2019 tax year; $0.63 million for the 2018 tax year, and $0.71 million in 2017. 
The credits are dependent upon the occupancy level of the housing projects and income of the tenants, and cannot be 
projected  with  certainty.  Furthermore,  our  capacity  to  utilize  them  will  continue  to  depend  on  our  ability  to  generate 
sufficient  pre-tax  income.  We  plan  to  invest  in  additional  tax  credit  funds  in  the  future,  but  if  the  economics  of  such 
transactions  do  not  justify  continued  investments  then  the  level  of  low-income  housing  tax  credits  will  taper  off  in 
future years until they are substantially utilized by the end of 2028. That means that even if taxable income stayed at the 
same level through 2028, our tax accrual rate would gradually increase. 

Financial Condition 

Assets totaled $2.59 billion at December 31, 2019, an increase of $71.32 million, or 3%, for the year.  Assets increased in 
2019 primarily due to a $40.32 million increase in investment securities and a $30.76 million, or 2%  increase, in net loans 
and  leases.  Deposits  were  up  $52.03  million,  or  2%.  Total  capital  increased  by  $36.26  million,  or  13%.  The  major 
components of the Company’s balance sheet are individually analyzed below, along with information on off-balance sheet 
activities and exposure. 

Loan and Lease Portfolio 

The Company’s loan and lease portfolio represents the single largest portion of invested assets, substantially greater than 
the investment portfolio or any other asset category, and the quality and diversification of the loan and lease portfolio are 
important considerations when reviewing the Company’s financial condition. 

The Selected Financial Data table in Item 6 above reflects the amount of loans and leases outstanding at December 31st 
for each year from 2019 back to 2015, net of deferred fees and origination costs and the allowance for loan and lease 
losses. The Loan and Lease Distribution table that follows sets forth by loan type the Company’s gross loans and leases 
outstanding, and the percentage distribution in each category at the dates indicated. The balances for each loan type include 
nonperforming loans, if any, but do not reflect any deferred or unamortized loan origination, extension, or commitment 
fees, or deferred loan origination costs. Although not reflected in the loan totals below and not currently comprising a 

41 

material part of our lending activities, the Company also occasionally originates and sells, or participates out portions of, 
loans to non-affiliated investors. 

2019 

2018 

As of December 31, 
2017 

2016 

2015 

 105,979   $ 
 91,413  
 200,181  
 49,599  
 54,457  
 343,883  

 105,676   $ 
 109,023  
 236,825  
 56,320  
 54,877  
 301,324  

 74,256   $ 
 58,779  
 204,766  
 62,590  
 42,930  
 263,447  

 32,417   $ 
 40,650  
 137,143  
 43,443  
 31,631  
 253,535  

 14,941 
 37,359 
 137,356 
 44,233 
 27,222 
 218,708 

Loan and Lease Distribution 
(dollars in thousands) 

Real estate: 

1-4 family residential construction . . . . . . . .    $ 
Other construction/land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
1-4 family - closed-end  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Multi-family residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial real estate - owner occupied . . .   
Commercial real estate - non-owner 
occupied  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Agricultural  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Mortgage warehouse lines  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 165,107 
 133,182 
 778,108 
 46,237 
 113,207 
 180,355 
 14,949 
Total loans and leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  1,762,565   $  1,731,928   $  1,557,820   $  1,262,531   $  1,132,856 

 438,344  
 151,541  
   1,453,930  
 49,103  
 128,220  
 91,813  
 8,862  

 379,432  
 140,516  
   1,226,716  
 46,796  
 135,662  
 138,020  
 10,626  

 412,569  
 144,033  
   1,402,114  
 48,036  
 115,532  
 189,103  
 7,780  

 244,198  
 134,480  
 917,497  
 46,229  
 123,595  
 163,045  
 12,165  

Percentage of Total Loans and Leases 
Real estate: 

1-4 family residential construction . . . . . . . .   
Other construction/land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
1-4 family - closed-end  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Multi-family residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial real estate - owner occupied . . .   
Commercial real estate -  non-owner 
occupied  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Agricultural  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Mortgage warehouse lines  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

6.01%  
5.19%  
11.36%  
2.81%  
3.09%  
19.51%  

6.10%  
6.29%  
13.67%  
3.25%  
3.17%  
17.40%  

4.77%  
3.77%  
13.14%  
4.02%  
2.76%  
16.91%  

2.57%  
3.22%  
10.86%  
3.44%  
2.51%  
20.08%  

1.32% 
3.30% 
12.12% 
3.90% 
2.40% 
19.31% 

23.41%  
8.17%  
79.55%  
2.73%  
6.55%  
10.73%  
0.44%  
  100.00%  

25.32%  
8.75%  
83.95%  
2.84%  
7.40%  
5.30%  
0.51%  
  100.00%  

24.36%  
9.02%  
78.75%  
3.00%  
8.71%  
8.86%  
0.68%  
  100.00%  

19.34%  
10.65%  
72.67%  
3.66%  
9.79%  
12.91%  
0.96%  
  100.00%  

14.57% 
11.76% 
68.69% 
4.08% 
9.99% 
15.92% 
1.32% 
  100.00% 

The Company has experienced net growth in loan and lease balances in each of the last five years, despite fluctuations 
caused by variability in outstanding balances on mortgage warehouse lines, reductions associated with the resolution of 
impaired loans, weak loan demand in some years, tightened underwriting standards, and intense competition. This growth 
is due in part to acquisitions, including Coast National Bank in 2016 and Ojai Community Bank in 2017, as well as whole 
loan purchases and participations. Organic loan growth has also been relatively robust in recent periods, particularly with 
regard to commercial real estate and construction loans. 

For 2019, gross  loans were  up by  $31  million, or  2%, due  to growth  in  mortgage warehouse  lines, partially  offset by 
declines in all other loan categories.  Mortgage warehouse lines increased by $97.29 million, or 106%, in 2019 primarily 
due to a strategy to focus on volume given the short duration of these loans.  This growth strategy involved providing more 
competitive pricing to mortgage originators coupled with a stronger emphasis on calling efforts. The largest single decline 
in any other category of loans during 2019 was real estate loans of $44.31 million, or 3%, mostly due to a strategic decision 
to  significantly  reduce  our  activity  of  residential  mortgages.    Residential  mortgage  loan  balances  declined  by 

42 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
    
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
approximately $43.0 million in 2019.  As a result of the declines in other loans categories including commercial real estate 
and  commercial  &  industrial  loans,  the  Company  announced  in  early  2020  the opening  of  a  loan production office  in 
Northern California (Rocklin, California) and an expansion of the loan team in Southern California.    

As demonstrated by the expansion of the lending teams, management remains focused on organic loan growth. However, 
no  assurance  can  be  provided  with  regard  to  future  net  growth  in  aggregate  loan  balances  given  occasional  surges  in 
prepayments and fluctuations in mortgage warehouse lending.  

Loan and Lease Maturities 

The  following  table  shows  the  maturity  distribution  for  total  loans  and  leases  outstanding  as  of  December 31,  2019, 
including non-accruing loans, grouped by remaining scheduled principal payments: 

Loans and Lease Maturity 
(dollars in thousands) 

As of December 31, 2019 

  Three months  
to twelve 
   months 

  One to five    Over five 

years 

years 

Total 

year 

year 

  Floating rate:  Fixed rate: 
  due after one   due after one

Real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Commercial and industrial . . .     
Mortgage warehouse lines  . . .     
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . .     

 78,063   $ 132,419   $ 1,115,363   $  1,402,114   $   938,797   $  308,985 
 3,525 
 26,359    
 46,055 
 27,355    
 39,933 
 109,801    
 5,252 
 660    
Total  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $   136,450   $   242,238   $ 225,929   $ 1,157,948   $  1,762,565   $   980,127   $  403,750 

 48,036    
 115,532    
 189,103    
 7,780    

 5,019    
 35,558    
 —    
 753    

 5,678    
 44,998    
 39,933    
 2,901    

 2,866    
 36,615    
 —    
 3,104    

  Three months  
or less 
 76,269   $ 
 13,133    
 6,564    
 39,369    
 1,115    

For a comprehensive discussion of the Company’s liquidity position, balance sheet repricing characteristics, and sensitivity 
to interest rates changes, refer to the “Liquidity and Market Risk” section of this discussion and analysis. 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements 

The Company maintains commitments to extend credit in the normal course of business, as long as there are no violations 
of  conditions  established  in  the  outstanding  contractual  arrangements.  Unused  commitments  to  extend  credit  totaled 
$492 million  at  December 31,  2019  and  $782  million  at December 31, 2018,  although  it  is  not  likely  that  all  of  those 
commitments  will  ultimately  be  drawn  down.  The  decrease  in  2019  is  due  in  part  to  a  higher  utilization  of  mortgage 
warehouse  lines  in  2019.  Unused  commitments  represented  approximately  28%  of  gross  loans  outstanding  at 
December 31, 2019 and 45% at December 31, 2018. The Company also had undrawn letters of credit issued to customers 
totaling  $9  million  at  December 31,  2019  and  2018.  Off-balance  sheet  obligations  pose  potential  credit  risk  to  the 
Company, and a $0.31 million reserve for unfunded commitments is reflected as a liability in our consolidated balance 
sheet at December 31, 2019, down from $0.384 million at December 31, 2018. The effect on the Company’s revenues, 
expenses, cash flows and liquidity from the unused portion of the commitments to provide credit cannot be reasonably 
predicted because there is no guarantee that the lines of credit will ever be used. However, the “Liquidity” section in this 
Form 10 - K  outlines  resources  available  to  draw  upon  should  we  be  required  to  fund  a  significant  portion  of  unused 
commitments.   

In addition to unused commitments to provide credit, the Company is utilizing a $105 million letter of credit issued by the 
Federal  Home  Loan  Bank  on  the  Company’s  behalf  as  security  for  certain  deposits  and  to  facilitate  certain  credit 
arrangements with the Company’s customers. That letter of credit is backed by loans which are pledged to the FHLB by 
the  Company.  For  more  information  regarding  the  Company’s  off-balance  sheet  arrangements,  see  Note 13  to  the 
consolidated financial statements in Item 8 herein. 

43 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
Contractual Obligations 

At the end of 2019, the Company had contractual obligations for the following payments, by type and period due: 

Contractual Obligations 
(dollars in thousands) 

Payments Due by Period 

Subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 34,945   $ 
Operating leases  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Other long-term obligations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

     1-3 Years      3-5 Years      5 Years 
 —   $  34,945 
 3,196 
 1,685 
Total  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 48,741   $   3,377   $   3,659   $  1,880   $  39,826 

   10,890  
 2,906  

 1,862  
 18  

 3,597  
 62  

 2,235  
 1,142  

 —   $ 

     Total 

 —   $

  Less Than  
      1 Year 

  More Than

Nonperforming Assets 

Nonperforming  assets  (“NPAs”)  are  comprised  of  loans  for  which  the  Company  is  no  longer  accruing  interest,  and 
foreclosed  assets  which  primarily  consists  of  OREO.  If  the  Company  grants  a  concession  to  a  borrower  in  financial 
difficulty, the loan falls into the category of a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”), which may be designated as either 
nonperforming or performing depending on the loan’s accrual status. 

The following table presents comparative data for the Company’s NPAs and performing TDRs as of the dates noted: 

Nonperforming Assets and Performing TDRs 
(dollars in thousands) 

Real estate: 

2019 

2018 

As of December 31, 
2017 

2016 

2015 

 31   $

 82   $

 77   $ 

 457 
Other construction/land  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $
1-4 family - closed-end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 2,298 
 1,770 
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Multi-family residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 630 
 2,325 
Commercial real estate - owner occupied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 262 
 610 
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
 8,352 
TOTAL REAL ESTATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 — 
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 710 
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 572 
TOTAL NONPERFORMING LOANS (1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  5,737   $  5,156   $  3,963   $   6,365   $  9,634 

 558   $
 963  
 1,926  
 —  
 1,572  
 67  
 39  
 5,125  
 89  
 692  
 459  

 799  
 408  
 —  
 605  
 49  
 1,642  
 3,585  
 —  
 1,425  
 146  

 871  
 922  
 —  
 236  
 123  
 293  
 2,522  
 —  
 1,301  
 140  

 741  
 480  
 —  
 1,440  
 2,105  
 258  
 5,055  
 —  
 651  
 31  

Foreclosed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 3,193 
Total nonperforming assets. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  6,537   $  6,238   $  9,444   $   8,590   $ 12,827 
Performing TDRs (1)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  8,415   $ 10,920   $ 12,413   $  14,182   $ 12,431 
Nonperforming loans as a % of total gross loans and leases . . .    
  0.85% 
Nonperforming assets as a % of total gross loans and leases 
and foreclosed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

  0.68%  

  0.50%  

  0.36%  

  0.60%  

  0.25%  

  0.30%  

  0.37%  

  0.33%  

  1.13% 

 2,225  

 1,082  

 5,481  

 800  

(1)  Performing TDRs are not included in nonperforming loans above, nor are they included in the numerators used to 

calculate the ratios disclosed in this table. 

NPAs totaled $6.5 million, or 0.3% of gross loans and leases plus foreclosed assets at the end of 2019, up slightly from 
$6.2  million,  or  0.3%  of  gross  loans  and  leases  plus  foreclosed  assets  at  the  end  of  2018.  NPAs  were  reduced  by 
$3.2 million, or 34%, during 2018, and the decline is even more dramatic when looking further back in time. This reduction 

44 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
     
    
     
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
has occurred in response to better economic conditions and our continuous efforts to improve credit quality. Not reflected 
in  the  period-end  numbers  is  the  addition  of  a  $10  million  purchased  participation  loan  to  nonperforming  loans  in 
August 2018. That loan was written down by a total of $2.4 million, and was ultimately transferred to OREO and sold in 
the fourth quarter of 2018. 

Nonperforming loans secured by real estate comprised $5.1 million of total nonperforming loans at December 31, 2019, 
an increase of $1.5 million, or 41%, since December 31, 2018. This was mostly offset by a decline in Commercial & 
Industrial and Consumer nonperforming loans during 2019.  We have no reason to believe that there will be additional 
material increases in nonperforming real estate or commercial loans in the near term, but no assurance can be provided in 
that regard. Nonperforming loan balances at December 31, 2019 include $2.6 million in TDRs and other loans that were 
paying  as  agreed,  but  which  met  the  technical  definition  of  nonperforming  and  were  classified  as  such.  We  also  had 
$8.4 million in loans classified as performing TDRs for which we were still accruing interest at December 31, 2019, a drop 
of $2.6 million, or 24%, relative to December 31, 2018. Notes 2 and 4 to the consolidated financial statements provide a 
more comprehensive disclosure of TDR balances and activity within recent periods. 

The balance of foreclosed assets had a carrying value of $0.80 million at December 31, 2019, comprised of 10 properties 
classified  as  OREO  and  two  mobile  homes.  At  the  end  of  2018  foreclosed  assets  totaled  $1.1  million,  consisting  of 
11 properties classified as OREO. All foreclosed assets are periodically evaluated and written down to their fair value less 
expected disposition costs, if lower than the then-current carrying value. An action plan is in place for each of our non-
accruing loans and foreclosed assets and they are all being actively managed. Collection efforts are continuously pursued 
for  all  nonperforming  loans,  but  no  assurance  can  be  provided  that  they  will  be  resolved  in  a  timely  manner  or  that 
nonperforming balances will not increase. 

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses 

The allowance for loan and lease losses, a contra-asset, is established through a provision for loan and lease losses. It is 
maintained at a level that is considered adequate to absorb probable losses on specifically identified impaired loans, as 
well as probable incurred losses inherent in the remaining loan portfolio. Specifically identifiable and quantifiable losses 
are immediately charged off against the allowance; recoveries are generally recorded only when sufficient cash payments 
are received subsequent to the charge off. Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements provides a more comprehensive 
discussion of the accounting guidance we conform to and the methodology we use to determine an appropriate allowance 
for loan and lease losses. 

The  Company’s  allowance  for  loan  and  lease  losses  was  $9.9  million,  or  0.6%  of  gross  loans  at  December 31,  2019, 
relative to $9.8 million, or 0.6% of gross loans at December 31, 2018. The increase in the allowance resulted from the 
addition of a $2.55 million loan loss provision in 2019, less $2.38 million in net loan charge-offs. Reserves were established 
for losses inherent in incremental loan balances and unanticipated charge-offs in 2019. The net increase in the allowance 
might  have  been  even  larger  if  not  for  the  following  circumstances:    many  charge-offs  were  recorded  against  pre-
established reserves, which alleviated what otherwise might have been a need for reserve replenishment; all acquired loans 
were booked at their fair values, and thus did not initially require a loan loss allowance; and loan loss rates have been 
declining, having a positive impact on general reserves established for performing loans. The ratio of the allowance to 
nonperforming  loans  was  173.0%  at  December  31,  2019,  relative  to  189.1%  at  December 31,  2018,  and  228.2%  at 
December 31, 2017. As described above, a separate allowance of $0.31 million for potential losses inherent in unused 
commitments is included in other liabilities at December 31, 2019. 

45 

The table that follows summarizes the activity in the allowance for loan and lease losses for the periods indicated: 

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses 
(dollars in thousands) 

Balances: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Average gross loans and leases outstanding during period  . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 1,753,748    $ 1,625,732    $ 1,318,909    $ 1,153,240    $ 1,027,983 
Gross loans and leases held for investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 1,762,565    $ 1,731,928    $ 1,557,820    $ 1,262,531    $ 1,132,856 

2019 

2015 

As of and for the years ended December 31,  
2017 

2018 

2016 

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses: 
Balance at beginning of period  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $
Provision charged to expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Charge-offs 

Real estate: 

1-4 family residential construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other construction/land  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
1-4 family - closed-end  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Multi-family residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial real estate - owner occupied  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
TOTAL REAL ESTATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Mortgage warehouse lines  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Recoveries 

Real estate: 

1-4 family residential construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other construction/land  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
1-4 family - closed-end  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Multi-family residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial real estate - owner occupied  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
TOTAL REAL ESTATE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Mortgage warehouse lines  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net loan (recoveries) charge offs   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $

 9,750    $
 2,550   

 9,043    $
 4,350   

 9,701    $
 (1,140) 

 10,423    $
 —   

 11,248 
 — 

 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 —   
 1,190   
 —   
 1,190   
 —   
 1,274   
 —   
 2,409   
 4,873   

 —   
 2   
 148   
 150   
 —   
 —   
 347   
 —   
 647   
 —   
 690   
 —   
 1,159   
 2,496   
 2,377   
 9,923    $

 —   
 4   
 5   
 125   
 —   
 —   
 2,341   
 —   
 2,475   
 —   
 608   
 —   
 2,225   
 5,308   

 —   
 —   
 10   
 134   
 —   
 230   
 —   
 —   
 374   
 22   
 148   
 —   
 1,121   
 1,665   
 3,643   
 9,750    $

 —   
 —   
 7   
 58   
 —   
 36   
 —   
 —   
 101   
 154   
 669   
 —   
 2,161   
 3,085   

 —   
 5   
 1,959   
 32   
 —   
 38   
 201   
 —   
 2,235   
 5   
 310   
 —   
 1,017   
 3,567   
 (482) 
 9,043    $

 —   
 144   
 97   
 94   
 50   
 108   
 469   
 —   
 962   
 —   
 344   
 —   
 1,905   
 3,211   

 —   
 467   
 15   
 17   
 —   
 35   
 449   
 —   
 983   
 14   
 477   
 —   
 1,015   
 2,489   
 722   
 9,701    $

 — 
 73 
 224 
 92 
 — 
 318 
 — 
 — 
 707 
 — 
 395 
 — 
 1,738 
 2,840 

 — 
 117 
 93 
 189 
 — 
 106 
 246 
 — 
 751 
 81 
 225 
 — 
 958 
 2,015 
 825 
 10,423 

RATIOS 
Net loan and lease charge-offs to average loans and leases . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Allowance for loan and lease losses to gross loans and 
leases at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Allowance for loan losses to non-performing loans  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net loan and lease charge-offs to allowance for loan losses 
at end of period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net loan charge-offs to provision for loan and lease losses . . . . . . . . . . . .   

0.14%   

0.22%   

-0.04% 

0.06%   

0.08% 

0.56%   
  172.96%   

0.56%   
  189.10%   

0.58%   
  228.19%   

0.77%   
  152.41%   

0.92% 
  108.19% 

23.95%   
93.22%   

37.36%   
83.75%   

-5.33% 
42.28%   

7.44%   
 —   

7.92% 
 — 

As  shown  in  the  table  above,  the  Company  recorded  a  loan  loss  provision  of  $2.55  million  in  2019  compared  to 
$4.35 million in 2018, and a negative loan loss provision of $1.14 million in 2017. Our allowance for probable losses on 
specifically identified impaired loans was reduced by $1.18 million, or 59%, during 2019, whereas it was increased by 
$0.85  million,  or  74%,  during  2018.  The  allowance  for  probable  losses  inherent  in  non-impaired  loans  increased  by 
$1.3 million, or 17%, as a result of potential local, national and global economic conditions on the loan portfolio. The 
“Provision for Loan and Lease Losses” section above includes additional details on our provision and its relationship to 
actual charge-offs. 

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Provided below is a summary of the allocation of the allowance for loan and lease losses for specific loan categories at the 
dates  indicated.  The  allocation  presented  should  not  be  viewed  as  an  indication  that  charges  to  the  allowance  will  be 
incurred  in  these  amounts  or  proportions,  or  that  the  portion  of  the  allowance  allocated  to  a  particular  loan  category 
represents the total amount available for charge-offs that may occur within that category. 

Allocation of Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses 
(dollars in thousands) 

2019 

2018 

As of December 31, 
2017 

2016 

2015 

%Total (1)
  Amount  
Loans 
79.55%    $  5,831   
 256   
2.73%     

%Total (1)
  Amount  
Loans 
83.95%    $  4,786   
 208   
2.84%     

%Total (1)
  Amount  
Loans 
78.75%    $  3,548   
 209   
3.00%     

%Total (1)
   Amount   
Loans 
72.67%    $  4,783   
 722   
3.66%     

%Total (1)
Loans 
68.69% 
4.08% 

25.91% 
1.32% 
 — 
Total. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      $  9,923    100.00%    $  9,750    100.00%    $  9,043    100.00%    $  9,701    100.00%    $ 10,423    100.00% 

17.57%       4,279   
0.68%       1,208   
 457   

17.28%       2,394   
0.44%       1,239   
 30   

12.70%       2,772   
0.51%       1,231   
 46   

22.71%     
0.96%     
 —     

 2,533   
 1,263   
 1,122   

 —     

 —     

 —     

  Amount  
Real Estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      $  5,635   
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       
 193   
Commercial and  
industrial (2)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .         2,685   
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . .         1,278   
Unallocated . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       
 132   

(1)  Represents percentage of loans in category to total loans 
(2) 

Includes mortgage warehouse lines 

The  Company’s  allowance  for  loan  and  lease  losses  at  December 31,  2019  represents  Management’s  best  estimate  of 
probable losses in the loan portfolio as of that date, but no assurance can be given that the Company will not experience 
substantial losses relative to the size of the allowance. Furthermore, fluctuations in credit quality, changes in economic 
conditions, updated accounting or regulatory requirements, and/or other factors could induce us to augment or reduce the 
allowance.  The Company adopted the current expected credit losses methodology on January 1, 2020.  Initial estimates 
indicate that our allowance for loan and lease losses will increase by $12 million relative to current levels however the 
exact impact has not been definitively determined at this time. 

Investments 

The Company’s investments can at any given time consist of debt securities and marketable equity securities (together, 
the  “investment  portfolio”),  investments  in  the  time  deposits  of  other  banks,  surplus  interest-earning  balances  in  our 
Federal  Reserve  Bank  (“FRB”)  account,  and  overnight  fed  funds  sold.  Surplus  FRB  balances  and  fed  funds  sold  to 
correspondent banks typically represent the temporary investment of excess liquidity. The Company’s investments serve 
several purposes: 1) they provide liquidity to even out cash flows from the loan and deposit activities of customers; 2) they 
provide a source of pledged assets for securing public deposits, bankruptcy deposits and certain borrowed funds which 
require collateral; 3) they constitute a large base of assets with maturity and interest rate characteristics that can be changed 
more readily than the loan portfolio, to better match changes in the deposit base and other funding sources of the Company; 
4) they are another interest-earning option for surplus funds when loan demand is light; and 5) they can provide partially 
tax exempt income. Aggregate investments totaled $615 million, or 24% of total assets at December 31, 2019, as compare 
to $562 million, or 22% of total assets at December 31, 2018.  

We had no fed funds sold at the end of the reporting periods, and interest-bearing balances held primarily in our Federal 
Reserve Bank account totaled $15 million at December 31, 2019, as compared to $2 million at December 31, 2018. The 
Company’s  investment  securities  portfolio  had  a  book  balance  of  $601  million  at  December  31,  2019,  compared  to 
$560 million at December 31, 2018, reflecting a net increase of $41 million for 2019. The Company carries investments 
at their fair market values. We currently have the intent and ability to hold our investment securities to maturity, but the 
securities are all marketable and are classified as “available for sale” to allow maximum flexibility with regard to interest 
rate risk and liquidity management. The expected average life for bonds in our investment portfolio was 4.4 years and their 
average effective duration was 3.2 years at December 31, 2019, as compared to an expected average life of 4.1 years and 
an average effective duration of 3.3 years at year-end 2018. 

47 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
     
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The following Investment Portfolio table reflects the amortized cost and fair market values for each primary category of 
investment securities for the past three years: 

Investment Portfolio-Available for Sale 
(dollars in thousands) 

2019 

As of December 31, 
2018 

2017 

Amortized 
Cost 

Fair Market 
Value 

Amortized 
Cost 

Fair Market 
Value 

Amortized 
Cost 

Fair Market 
Value 

U.S. government agencies  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  12,125   $  12,145   $  15,553   $  15,212   $  21,524   $  21,326 
   393,802 
Mortgage-backed securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
State and political subdivisions  . . . . . . . . . .   
   143,201 
Total securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 592,378   $ 600,799   $ 569,942   $ 560,479   $ 561,636   $ 558,329 

   398,353  
   181,900  

   400,389  
   188,265  

   404,733  
   140,534  

   399,203  
   140,909  

   414,208  
   140,181  

The net unrealized gain on our investment portfolio, or the amount by which aggregate fair market values exceeded the 
amortized cost, was $8.4 million at December 31, 2019 as compared to a net loss of $9.5 million at December 31, 2018, 
an increase of $17.9 million.  The change was caused by lower market interest rates on fixed-rate bond values.  The balance 
of U.S. Government agency securities in our portfolio declined by $3.1 million, or 20%, during 2019 due primarily to 
bond  maturities  and  a  strategy  to  change  the  mix  of  the  portfolio  to  more  heavily  weight  municipal  bonds.  Similarly, 
mortgage-backed  securities  increased  by  $4  million,  or  1%  due  to  prepayments  not  being  reinvested.  Municipal  bond 
balances increased by $47.7 million, or 34%.  Municipal bonds purchased in recent periods have strong underlying ratings, 
and all municipal bonds in our portfolio undergo a detailed quarterly review for potential impairment. 

Investment securities that were pledged as collateral for Federal Home Loan Bank borrowings, repurchase agreements, 
public  deposits  and  other  purposes  as  required  or  permitted  by  law  totaled  $235  million  at  December 31,  2019  and 
$217 million  at  December 31,  2018,  leaving  $366  million  in  unpledged  debt  securities  at  December 31,  2019  and 
$343 million at December 31, 2018. Securities that were pledged in excess of actual pledging needs and were thus available 
for liquidity purposes, if needed, totaled $71 million at December 31, 2019 and $9 million at December 31, 2018. 

The table below groups the Company’s investment securities by their remaining time to maturity as of December 31, 2019, 
and provides weighted average yields for each segment. Since the actual timing of principal payments may differ from 
contractual  maturities  when  obligors  have  the  right  to  prepay  principal,  maturities  for  mortgage-backed  securities 
(including collateralized mortgage obligations) were determined by incorporating expected prepayments. 

Maturity and Yield of Available for Sale Investment Portfolio 
(dollars in thousands) 

Within  
One Year 

After One  
But Within  
Five Years 

December 31, 2019 
After Five Years  
But Within  
Ten Years 
   Amount     Yield      Amount     Yield     Amount    Yield     Amount     Yield     Amount     Yield 
 —   $  12,145   2.46% 
 —      400,389   2.50% 
 6,639   4.42%      33,268   3.58%      141,114   3.50%      188,265   3.59% 

After  
Ten Years 

 —  
 —  

Total 

 —   0.00%   $  10,532   2.35%   $  1,613   3.16%   $
U.S. government agencies . . . . . .     $
Mortgage-backed securities . . . . .        1,457   2.15%      344,747   2.48%      54,185   2.62%    
State and political subdivisions . .        7,244   4.63%    

Total securities . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 8,701    

  $ 361,918    

  $ 89,066    

  $ 141,114    

  $ 600,799    

Cash and Due from Banks 

Interest-earning  cash  balances  were  discussed  above  in  the  “Investments”  section,  but  the  Company  also  maintains  a 
certain level of cash on hand in the normal course of business as well as non-earning deposits at other financial institutions. 
Our balance of cash and due from banks depends on the timing of collection of outstanding cash items (checks), the amount 
of cash held at our branches and our reserve requirement, among other things, and is subject to significant fluctuations in 
the normal course of business. While cash flows are normally predictable within limits, those limits are fairly broad and 
the Company manages its short-term cash position through the utilization of overnight loans to, and borrowings from, 
correspondent  banks,  including  the  Federal  Reserve  Bank  and  the  Federal  Home  Loan  Bank.  Should  a  large  “short” 
overnight  position  persist  for  any  length  of  time,  the  Company  typically  raises  money  through  focused  retail  deposit 

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gathering efforts or by adding brokered time deposits. If a “long” position is prevalent, we will let brokered deposits or 
other wholesale borrowings roll off as they mature, or we might invest excess liquidity into longer-term, higher-yielding 
bonds.  The  Company’s  balance  of  noninterest  earning  cash  and  balances  due  from  correspondent  banks  totaled 
$66 million, or 3% of total assets at December 31, 2019, and $72 million, or 3% of total assets at December 31, 2018. The 
average balance of non-earning cash and due from banks, which can be used to determine trends, was $61 million for both 
2019 and 2018. 

Premises and Equipment 

Premises  and  equipment  are  stated  on  our  books  at  cost,  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  amortization.  The  cost  of 
furniture  and  equipment  is  expensed  as depreciation  over  the  estimated  useful  life of  the  related  assets,  and  leasehold 
improvements are amortized over the term of the related lease or the estimated useful life of the improvements, whichever 
is shorter. 

The following premises and equipment table reflects the original cost, accumulated depreciation and amortization, and net 
book value of fixed assets by major category, for the years noted: 

Premises and Equipment 
(dollars in thousands) 

   Cost 

2019 
  Accumulated    
  Depreciation    
 and  
  Amortization  

  Net Book    
 Value 

   Cost 

As of December 31, 
2018 
  Accumulated    
  Depreciation    
 and  
  Amortization  

  Net Book    
 Value 

   Cost 

Land  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  5,751   $ 
Buildings . . . . . . . . . . . . . .        21,526    
Furniture and equipment . .        17,798    
Leasehold improvements . .        15,357    
 44    
Construction in progress  . .      

Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 60,476   $ 

 —   $  5,751   $  5,751   $ 
 10,407      11,119      21,579    
 3,433      18,958    
 14,365    
 7,088      15,023    
 8,269    
 901    
 —    
 33,041   $ 27,435   $ 62,212   $ 

 44    

 —   $  5,751   $  5,261   $ 
 10,140      11,439      20,255    
 3,987      18,899    
 14,971    
 7,422      15,013    
 7,601    
 335    
 —    
 901    
 32,712   $ 29,500   $ 59,763   $ 

2017 
  Accumulated    
  Depreciation    
 and  
  Amortization   

  Net Book 
 Value 
 —   $  5,261 
 9,551      10,704 
 4,740 
 14,159    
 8,348 
 6,665    
 335 
 —    
 30,375   $ 29,388 

The net book value of the Company’s premises and equipment was 1.1% of total assets at December 31, 2019, relative to 
1.2%  at  December 31,  2018.  Depreciation  and  amortization  included  in  occupancy  and  equipment  expense  totaled 
$2.8 million in 2019 and $3.0 million in 2018. 

Other Assets 

Goodwill  totaled  $27.4  million  at  December 31,  2019,  unchanged  for  the year  and  other  intangible  assets  were 
$5.4 million, a decrease of $1.1 million, or 17%, as a result of amortization expense recorded on core deposit intangibles. 
The Company’s goodwill and other intangible assets are evaluated annually for potential impairment following FASB 
guidelines, and based on those analytics Management has determined that no impairment exists as of December 31, 2019. 

The net cash surrender value of bank-owned life insurance policies increased to $50.5 million at December 31, 2019 from 
$48.2  million  at  December 31,  2018,  due  to  the  addition  of  BOLI  income  to  net  cash  surrender  values.  Refer  to  the 
“Noninterest Revenue and Operating Expense” section above for a more detailed discussion of BOLI and the income it 
generates. 

The  remainder  of  other  assets  consists  primarily  of  operating  leases  upon  the  adoption  of  Accounting  Standards 
Update 2016 - 02 (Topic 842) in 2019, accrued interest receivable, deferred taxes, investments in bank stocks, other real 
estate  owned,  prepaid  assets,  investments  in  low  income  housing  credits,  and  other  miscellaneous  assets.    The  total 
operating lease right-of-use asset recorded on the books is $9.9 million less accumulated amortization of $1.6 million. The 
bank stocks include Pacific Coast Bankers Bank stock and restricted stock related to the Federal Home Loan Bank of San 
Francisco stock held in conjunction with our FHLB borrowings, and is not deemed to be marketable or liquid. Our net 

49 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
deferred tax asset is evaluated as of every reporting date pursuant to FASB guidance, and we have determined that no 
impairment exists. 

Deposits 

Deposits  represent  another  key  balance  sheet  category  impacting  the  Company’s  net  interest  margin  and  profitability 
metrics. Deposits provide liquidity to fund growth in earning assets, and the Company’s net interest margin is improved 
to the extent that growth in deposits is concentrated in less volatile and typically less costly non-maturity deposits such as 
demand deposit accounts, NOW accounts, savings accounts, and money market demand accounts. Information concerning 
average balances and rates paid by deposit type for the past three fiscal years is contained in the Distribution, Rate, and 
Yield table located in the previous section under “Results of Operations–Net Interest Income and Net Interest Margin.”  A 
distribution  of  the  Company’s  deposits  showing  the  period-end  balance  and percentage  of  total  deposits  by  type  is 
presented as of the dates noted in the following table: 

Deposit Distribution 
(dollars in thousands) 

Year Ended December 31, 
2017 

2018 

Interest bearing demand deposits . . . . . . . . . . . .    $
Non-interest bearing demand deposits . . . . . . . .   
NOW  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Money market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
CDAR’s < $100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
CDAR’s ≥ $100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Customer time deposit < $100,000  . . . . . . . . . .   
Customer time deposits ≥ $100,000 . . . . . . . . . .   
Brokered deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

2019 
 91,212   $  101,243   $  118,533   $  132,586   $  125,210 
 432,251 
 635,434  
 690,950  
 306,630 
 405,057  
 458,600  
 193,052 
 283,126  
 294,317  
 101,562 
 171,611  
 118,933  
 —  
 306 
 —  
 —  
 13,803 
 —  
 75,069 
 82,885  
 81,247  
 216,745 
 291,740  
 383,115  
 —  
 50,000  
 — 
Total deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 2,168,374   $ 2,116,340   $ 1,988,386   $ 1,695,471   $ 1,464,628 

 524,552  
 366,238  
 215,693  
 119,417  
 251  
 —  
 75,633  
 261,101  
 —  

 662,527  
 434,483  
 283,953  
 123,807  
 —  
 —  
 93,156  
 367,171  
 50,000  

2015 

2016 

Percentage of Total Deposits 
Interest bearing demand deposits . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Non-interest bearing demand deposits . . . . . . . .   
NOW  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Money market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
CDAR’s < $100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
CDAR’s ≥ $100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Customer Time deposit < $100,000 . . . . . . . . . .   
Customer Time deposits > $100,000 . . . . . . . . .   
Brokered deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

4.21%  
31.86%  
21.15%  
13.57%  
5.48%  
 —  
 —  
3.75%  
17.67%  
2.31%  
  100.00%  

4.78%  
31.31%  
20.53%  
13.42%  
5.85%  
 —  
 —  
4.40%  
17.35%  
2.36%  
  100.00%  

5.96%  
31.96%  
20.37%  
14.24%  
8.63%  
 —  
 —  
4.17%  
14.67%  
 —  
  100.00%  

7.82%  
30.94%  
21.60%  
12.72%  
7.04%  
0.01%  
 —  
4.46%  
15.40%  
 —  
  100.00%  

8.55% 
29.51% 
20.94% 
13.18% 
6.93% 
0.02% 
0.94% 
5.13% 
14.80% 
0.00% 
  100.00% 

Deposit balances reflect net growth of $52 million, or 2%,  in 2019 and  $128 million, or 6%, during 2018.  The increase 
in 2019 is primarily due to organic growth.  The increase in 2018 is due to acquired Lompoc branch deposits totaling 
$34 million at December 31, 2018, the addition of $50 million in wholesale brokered deposits, and growth in customer 
time deposits. Customer time deposits increased by $86 million, or 23%, due primarily to a marketing campaign targeting 
those deposits in the fourth quarter of 2018, but the increase also includes about $7 million in time deposits in the acquired 
Lompoc branch at the end of the year. 

Non-interest bearing demand deposit balances were up $28 million, or 4%, and NOW accounts increased by $24 million, 
or 6% in 2019.  Overall non-maturity deposits increased by $48 million, or 3%, to $1.65 billion at December 31, 2019.  

50 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management is of the opinion that a relatively high level of core customer deposits is one of the Company’s key strengths, 
and  we  continue  to  strive  for  core  deposit  retention  and  growth.  Our  deposit-targeted  promotions  are  still  favorably 
impacting  growth  in  the  number  of  accounts  and  it  is  expected  that  balances  in  these  accounts  will  grow  over  time 
consistent with our past experience, although given the current highly competitive market for deposits no assurance can 
be provided with regard to future core deposit increases. 

The scheduled maturity distribution of the Company’s time deposits at the end of 2019 was as follows: 

Deposit Maturity Distribution 
(dollars in thousands) 

Three  
 months or  
less 

Time certificates of deposit < $100,000  . . . . . . . . .    
Other time deposits ≥ $100,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

   131,247 
   383,115 
Total . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 360,867   $ 89,268   $  53,821   $ 6,809   $  3,597   $ 514,362 

 87,454  
   273,413  

As of December 31, 2019 
One to  
 three  
years 
   3,923  
   2,886  

Six to  
twelve  
months 
   16,311  
   37,510  

Three to  
six months     
   22,016  
   67,252  

Over  
 three  
years 
   1,543  
   2,054  

      Total 

Other Borrowings 

The Company’s non-deposit borrowings may, at any given time, include fed funds purchased from correspondent banks, 
borrowings from the Federal Home Loan Bank, advances from the FRB, securities sold under agreements to repurchase, 
and/or  junior  subordinated  debentures.  The  Company  uses  short-term  FHLB  advances  and  fed  funds  purchased  on 
uncommitted lines to support liquidity needs created by seasonal deposit flows, to temporarily satisfy funding needs from 
increased loan demand, and for other short-term purposes. The FHLB line is committed, but the amount of available credit 
depends on the level of pledged collateral. 

Total  non-deposit  interest-bearing  liabilities  were  down  by  $27  million,  or  25%,  in  2019,  due  to  decreases  in  FHLB 
advances,  partially  offset  by  increases  in  customer  repurchase  agreements.    Non-deposit  interest-bearing  liabilities 
increased by $43 million, or 66%, in 2018, due to increases in FHLB borrowings and customer repurchase agreements. 
The Company had $20 million in short-term borrowings from the FHLB at December 31, 2019, as compared to $56 million 
in  overnight  FHLB  borrowings  at  December  31,  2018.  There  were  no  overnight  federal  funds  purchased  from  other 
correspondent banks  or  advances from  the  FRB  on our books  at  December 31, 2019  or 2018.  Repurchase  agreements 
totaled over $26 million at year-end 2019 relative to a balance of $16 million at year-end 2018. Repurchase agreements 
represent “sweep accounts”, where commercial deposit balances above a specified threshold are transferred at the close of 
each  business  day  into  non-deposit  accounts  secured  by  investment  securities.  The  Company  had  junior  subordinated 
debentures totaling $34.9 million at December 31, 2019 and $34.8 million December 31, 2018, in the form of long-term 
borrowings from trust subsidiaries formed specifically to issue trust preferred securities. The small increase resulted from 
the amortization of discount on junior subordinated debentures that were part of our acquisition of Coast Bancorp in 2016. 

51 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
     
     
    
    
 
The details of the Company’s short-term borrowings are presented in the table below, for the years noted: 

Short-term Borrowings 
(dollars in thousands) 

Repurchase Agreements 
Balance at December 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  25,711   $  16,359   $   8,150 
Average amount outstanding  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 8,514 
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
   11,409 
Average interest rate for the year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  0.40% 

   14,332  
   17,672  
  0.40%  

   22,090  
   27,712  
  0.40%  

Year Ended December 31, 
2018 

2017 

2019 

Fed funds purchased 
Balance at December 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Average amount outstanding  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Average interest rate for the year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 313  
 —  
  0.32%  

 —   $ 

 —   $ 
 22  
 850  
  0.00%  

 — 
 166 
 5,500 
  0.60% 

FHLB advances 
Balance at December 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  20,000   $  56,100   $  21,900 
Average amount outstanding  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 7,074 
Maximum amount outstanding at any month end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
   55,000 
Average interest rate for the year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
  0.82% 

   13,229  
   63,700  
  2.06%  

 8,967  
   56,100  
  2.19%  

Other Noninterest Bearing Liabilities 

Other  liabilities  are  principally  comprised of  accrued  interest  payable,  other  accrued  but  unpaid  expenses,  and  certain 
clearing amounts. The Company’s balance of other liabilities increased by $10 million, or 37%, during 2019 due to the 
booking  of  an  operating  lease  liability  as  a  result  of  the  adoption  of  Accounting  Standards  Update  2016-02,  Leases 
(Topic 842). 

Capital Resources 

The Company had total shareholders’ equity of $309.3 million at December 31, 2019 as compared to $273.0 million at 
December 31,  2018.  The  increase  of  $36.3  million,  or  13%,  is  due  to  $36.0  million  in  net  income  and  approximately 
$1.5 million in additional capital related to stock options, a $12.6 million increase in our accumulated other comprehensive 
income, net of $11.3 million in dividends paid and $2.5 million in stock repurchased.  We maintained a very strong capital 
position throughout the recession and in the ensuing years, and our capital remains at relatively high levels in comparison 
to many of our peer banks. 

The Company uses a variety of measures to evaluate its capital adequacy, including risk-based capital and leverage ratios 
that  are  calculated  separately  for  the  Company  and  the  Bank.  Management  reviews  these  capital  measurements  on  a 
quarterly  basis  and  takes  appropriate  action  to  help  ensure  that  they  meet  or  surpass  established  internal  and  external 
guidelines.  As  permitted  by  the  regulators  for  financial  institutions  that  are  not  deemed  to  be  “advanced  approaches” 
institutions, the Company has elected to opt out of the Basel III requirement to include accumulated other comprehensive 
income in risk-based capital. 

52 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
The following table sets forth the Company’s and the Bank’s regulatory capital ratios at the dates indicated: 

Sierra Bancorp 
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets . . . . . . . . .    
Tier 1 Capital to Risk-weighted Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total Capital to Risk-weighted Assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Tier 1 Capital to Adjusted Average Assets (“Leverage Ratio”)  . . . .    
Bank of the Sierra 
Common Equity Tier 1 Capital to Risk-Weighted Assets . . . . . . . . .    
Tier 1 Capital to Risk-weighted Assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total Capital to Risk-weighted Assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Tier 1 Capital to Adjusted Average Assets (“Leverage Ratio”)  . . . .    

December 31, 
2019 

December 31, 
2018 

13.27%  
14.98%  
15.48%  
11.91%  

14.75%  
14.75%  
15.25%  
11.73%  

12.61% 
14.38% 
14.89% 
11.49% 

14.25% 
14.25% 
14.77% 
11.39% 

At the end of 2019 the Company and the Bank were both classified as “well capitalized,” the highest rating of the categories 
defined under the Bank Holding Company Act and the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Improvement Act of 1991, 
and  our  regulatory  capital  ratios  remained  above  the  median  for  peer  financial  institutions.  We  do  not  foresee  any 
circumstances that would cause the Company or the Bank to be less than well capitalized, although no assurance can be 
given that this will not occur. A more detailed table of regulatory capital ratios, which includes the capital amounts and 
ratios required to qualify as “well capitalized” as well as minimum capital ratios, appears in Note 15 to the Consolidated 
Financial Statements in Item 8 herein. For additional details on risk-based and leverage capital guidelines, requirements, 
and calculations and for a summary of changes to risk-based capital calculations which were recently approved by federal 
banking regulators, see “Item 1, Business – Supervision and Regulation – Capital Adequacy Requirements” and “Item 1, 
Business – Supervision and Regulation – Prompt Corrective Action Provisions” herein. 

The federal banking agencies published a final rule on November 13, 2019, that provided a simplified measure of capital 
adequacy for qualifying community banking organizations.  A qualifying community banking organization that opts into 
the community bank leverage ratio framework and maintains a leverage ratio greater than 9 percent will be considered to 
have met the minimum capital requirements, the capital ratio requirements for the well capitalized category under the 
Prompt Corrective Action framework, and any other capital or leverage requirements to which the qualifying banking 
organization is subject.   A qualifying community banking organization with a leverage ratio of greater than 9 percent may 
opt into the community bank leverage ratio framework if has average consolidated total assets of less than $10 billion, has 
off-balance-sheet exposures of 25% or less of total consolidated assets, and has total trading assets and trading liabilities 
of 5 percent or less of total consolidated assets.   Further, the bank must not be an advance approaches banking organization. 

The final rule became effective January 1, 2020 and banks that meet the qualifying criteria can elect to use the community 
bank leverage framework starting with the quarter ended March 31, 2020.   The Company and the Bank meet the criteria 
outlined in the final rule and are considering whether or not to opt into the community bank leverage ratio framework. 

Liquidity and Market Risk Management 

Liquidity 

Liquidity management refers to the Company’s ability to maintain cash flows that are adequate to fund operations and 
meet  other  obligations  and  commitments  in  a  timely  and  cost-effective  manner.  Detailed  cash  flow  projections  are 
reviewed by Management on a monthly basis, with various stress scenarios applied to assess our ability to meet liquidity 
needs under unusual or adverse conditions. Liquidity ratios are also calculated and reviewed on a regular basis. While 
those ratios are merely indicators and are not measures of actual liquidity, they are closely monitored and we are committed 
to maintaining adequate liquidity resources to draw upon should unexpected needs arise. 

The  Company,  on  occasion,  experiences  cash  needs  as  the  result  of  loan  growth,  deposit  outflows,  asset  purchases  or 
liability repayments. To meet short-term needs, we can borrow overnight funds from other financial institutions, draw 
advances via Federal Home Loan Bank lines of credit, or solicit brokered deposits if customer deposits are not immediately 

53 

 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
obtainable from local sources. Availability on lines of credit from correspondent banks and the FHLB totaled $523 million 
at  December 31,  2019.  The  Company  was  also  eligible  to  borrow  approximately  $59  million  at  the  Federal  Reserve 
Discount Window based on pledged assets at December 31, 2019. Furthermore, funds can be obtained by drawing down 
excess cash that might be available in the Company’s correspondent bank deposit accounts, or by liquidating unpledged 
investments or other readily saleable assets. In addition, the Company can raise immediate cash for temporary needs by 
selling  under  agreement  to  repurchase  those  investments  in  its  portfolio  which  are  not  pledged  as  collateral.  As  of 
December 31,  2019,  unpledged  debt  securities  plus  pledged  securities  in  excess  of  current  pledging  requirements 
comprised $437 million of the Company’s investment balances, as compared to $352 million at December 31, 2018. Other 
sources of potential liquidity include but are not necessarily limited to any outstanding fed funds sold and vault cash. The 
Company has a higher level of actual balance sheet liquidity than might otherwise be the case, since we utilize a letter of 
credit from the FHLB rather than investment securities for certain pledging requirements. That letter of credit, which is 
backed by loans pledged to the FHLB by the Company, totaled $105 million at December 31, 2019. Management is of the 
opinion that available investments and other potentially liquid assets, along with standby funding sources it has arranged, 
are more than sufficient to meet the Company’s current and anticipated short-term liquidity needs. 

The  Company’s  net  loans  to  assets  and  available  investments  to  assets  ratios  were  68%  and  17%,  respectively,  at 
December 31, 2019, as compared to internal policy guidelines of “less than 78%” and “greater than 3%.”  Other liquidity 
ratios reviewed periodically by Management and the Board include net loans to total deposits and wholesale funding to 
total assets (including ratios and sub-limits for the various components comprising wholesale funding), which were all 
well within policy guidelines at December 31, 2019.  

The  holding  company’s  primary  uses  of  funds  include  operating  expenses  incurred  in  the  normal  course  of  business, 
shareholder dividends, and stock repurchases. Its primary source of funds is dividends from the Bank, since the holding 
company does not conduct regular banking operations. Management anticipates that the Bank will have sufficient earnings 
to provide dividends to the holding company to meet its funding requirements for the foreseeable future. Both the holding 
company  and  the  Bank  are  subject  to  legal  and  regulatory  limitations  on  dividend  payments,  as  outlined  in 
Item 5(c) Dividends in this Form 10 - K. 

Interest Rate Risk Management 

Market risk arises from changes in interest rates, exchange rates, commodity prices and equity prices. The Company does 
not engage in the trading of financial instruments, nor does it have exposure to currency exchange rates. Our market risk 
exposure is primarily that of interest rate risk, and we have established policies and procedures to monitor and limit our 
earnings and balance sheet exposure to changes in interest rates. The principal objective of interest rate risk management 
is to manage the financial components of the Company’s balance sheet in a manner that will optimize the risk/reward 
equation for earnings and capital under a variety of interest rate scenarios. 

To identify areas of potential exposure to interest rate changes, we utilize commercially available modeling software to 
perform monthly earnings simulations and calculate the Company’s market value of portfolio equity under varying interest 
rate  scenarios.  The  model  imports  relevant  information  for  the  Company’s  financial  instruments  and  incorporates 
Management’s  assumptions  on  pricing,  duration,  and  optionality  for  anticipated  new  volumes.  Various  rate  scenarios 
consisting of key rate and yield curve projections are then applied in order to calculate the expected effect of a given 
interest rate change on interest income, interest expense, and the value of the Company’s financial instruments. The rate 
projections  can  be  shocked  (an  immediate  and parallel  change in  all  base  rates,  up  or down), ramped  (an  incremental 
increase or decrease in rates over a specified time period), economic (based on current trends and econometric models) or 
stable (unchanged from current actual levels). 

In addition to a stable rate scenario, which presumes that there are no changes in interest rates, we typically use at least six 
other interest rate scenarios in conducting our rolling 12 - month net interest income simulations:  upward shocks of 100, 
200,  300,  and  400  basis  points,  and  downward  shocks  of  100,  200,  and  300  basis  points.  Those  scenarios  may  be 
supplemented, reduced in number, or otherwise adjusted as determined by Management to provide the most meaningful 
simulations in light of economic conditions and expectations at the time. We currently utilize an additional upward rate 
shock scenario of 400 basis points. Pursuant to policy guidelines, we generally attempt to limit the projected decline in net 
interest income relative to the stable rate scenario to no more than 5% for a 100 basis point (bp) interest rate shock, 10% 

54 

for a 200 bp shock, 15% for a 300 bp shock, and 20% for a 400 bp shock. As of December 31, 2019 the Company had the 
following estimated net interest income sensitivity profile, without factoring in any potential negative impact on spreads 
resulting from competitive pressures or credit quality deterioration: 

Immediate Change in Rate 

Change in Net Int. Inc. (in $000’s)  . . .    
% Change  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

-300 bp 
 ($19,358)  
  -18.87% 

-200 bp 
 ($11,932)  
  -11.63%  

-100 bp 
 ($4,505)  
  -4.39% 

     +100 bp       +200 bp       +300 bp        +400 bp 
 +$3,193 
 +3.11% 

 +$1,085  
 +1.06%  

 +$1,844  
 +1.80%  

 +$2,753  
 +2.68%  

Our current simulations indicate that the Company’s net interest income will remain relatively flat over the next 12 months 
in a rising rate environment, but a drop in interest rates could have a substantial negative impact. In prior periods the 
simulations projected sizeable gains in net interest income in rising rate scenarios, but balance sheet changes such as the 
addition of fixed-rate loans and adjustable-rate loans with longer reset periods, and the recent increase in interest rates 
have significantly diminished that effect. If there were an immediate and sustained upward adjustment of 100 basis points 
in  interest  rates,  all  else  being  equal,  net  interest  income  over  the  next  12 months  is  projected  to  improve  by  only 
$1.09 million, or 1.1%, relative to a stable interest rate scenario, with the favorable variance contracting very slightly as 
interest rates rise higher. If interest rates were to decline by 100 basis points, however, net interest income would likely be 
around $4.50 million lower than in a stable interest rate scenario, for a negative variance of 4.4%. The unfavorable variance 
increases when rates drop 200 or 300 basis points, due to the fact that certain deposit rates are already relatively low (on 
NOW accounts and savings accounts, for example), and will hit a natural floor of close to zero while non-floored variable-
rate loan yields continue to drop. This effect is exacerbated by accelerated prepayments on fixed-rate loans and mortgage-
backed securities when rates decline, although rate floors on some of our variable-rate loans partially offset other negative 
pressures. While we view material interest rate reductions as unlikely in the near term, we will continue to monitor our 
interest rate risk profile and will apply remedial changes as deemed appropriate. 

In  addition  to  the  net  interest  income  simulations  shown  above,  we  run  stress  scenarios  for  the  unconsolidated  Bank 
modeling the possibility of no balance sheet growth, the potential runoff of “surge” core deposits which flowed into the 
Bank in the most recent economic cycle, and unfavorable movement in deposit rates relative to yields on earning assets 
(i.e., higher deposit betas). When no balance sheet growth is incorporated and a stable interest rate environment is assumed, 
projected annual net interest income is about $6.4 million lower than in our standard simulation. However, the stressed 
simulations reveal that the Company’s greatest potential pressure on net interest income would result from excessive non-
maturity deposit runoff and/or unfavorable deposit rate changes in rising rate scenarios. 

The economic value (or “fair value”) of financial instruments on the Company’s balance sheet will also vary under the 
interest rate scenarios previously discussed. The difference between the projected fair value of the Company’s financial 
assets and the fair value of its financial liabilities is referred to as the economic value of equity (“EVE”), and changes in 
EVE under different interest rate scenarios are effectively a gauge of the Company’s longer-term exposure to interest rate 
fluctuations. Fair values for financial instruments are estimated by discounting projected cash flows (principal and interest) 
at anticipated replacement interest rates for each account type, while the fair value of non-financial accounts is assumed 
to equal their book value for all rate scenarios. An economic value simulation is a static measure utilizing balance sheet 
accounts at a given point in time, and the measurement can change substantially over time as the Company’s balance sheet 
evolves and interest rate and yield curve assumptions are updated. 

The  change  in  economic  value  under  different  interest  rate  scenarios  depends  on  the  characteristics  of  each  class  of 
financial instrument, including stated interest rates or spreads relative to current or projected market-level interest rates or 
spreads, the likelihood of principal prepayments, whether contractual interest rates are fixed or floating, and the average 
remaining time to maturity. As a general rule, fixed-rate financial assets become more valuable in declining rate scenarios 
and less valuable in rising rate scenarios, while fixed-rate financial liabilities gain in value as interest rates rise and lose 
value as interest rates decline. The longer the duration of the financial instrument, the greater the impact a rate change will 
have on its value. In our economic value simulations, estimated prepayments are factored in for financial instruments with 
stated  maturity  dates,  and  decay  rates  for  non-maturity  deposits  are  projected  based  on  historical  patterns  and 
Management’s best estimates. Our EVE has increased in recent periods due to asset growth and higher discount rates, 
which  result  in  a  larger  benefit  assessed  to  non-maturity  deposits.  The  table  below  shows  estimated  changes  in  the 

55 

 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
     
    
    
 
Company’s EVE as of December 31, 2019, under different interest rate scenarios relative to a base case of current interest 
rates: 

Change in EVE (in $000’s) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
% Change . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

-300 bp 
 ($94,510)  
  -17.13% 

-200 bp 
 ($115,378)  
-20.91% 

-100 bp 
 ($91,610)  
  -16.61%  

 +$48,235  
  +8.74%  

 +$78,265  
 +14.19%  

     +300 bp 
 +$96,382 
 +17.47% 

Immediate Change in Rate 
     +100 bp 

     +200 bp 

The table shows that our EVE will generally deteriorate in declining rate scenarios, but should benefit from a parallel shift 
upward in the yield curve. The change in EVE flattens out as interest rates drop more than 200 basis points, while the rate 
of increase in EVE begins to taper off the higher interest rates rise. This phenomenon is caused by the relative durations 
of our fixed-rate assets and liabilities, combined with optionality inherent in our balance sheet. We also run stress scenarios 
for the unconsolidated Bank’s EVE to simulate the possibility of higher loan prepayment rates, unfavorable changes in 
deposit rates, and higher deposit decay rates. Model results are highly sensitive to changes in assumed decay rates for non-
maturity deposits, in particular, with material unfavorable variances occurring relative to the standard simulations shown 
above  as  decay  rates  are  increased.  Furthermore,  while  not  as  extreme  as  the  variances  produced  by  increasing  non-
maturity deposit decay rates, EVE also displays a relatively high level of sensitivity to unfavorable changes in deposit rate 
betas in rising interest rate scenarios. 

ITEM 7A.    QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK 

The  information  concerning  quantitative  and  qualitative  disclosures  of  market  risk  called  for  by  Item 305  of 
Regulation S - K is included as part of Item 7 above. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition 
and Results of Operations – Liquidity and Market Risk Management”. 

56 

 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
     
    
    
 
 
 
ITEM 8.       FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA 

The following financial statements and independent auditors’ reports listed below are included herein: 

I. 

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firms from Eide Bailly LLP 
and Vavrinek, Trine, Day & Co., LLP   . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

II.  Consolidated Balance Sheets – December 31, 2019 and 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

58

61

    Page

III.  Consolidated Statements of Income – Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 

2017  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

62

IV.  Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – Years Ended December 31, 

2019, 2018, and 2017  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

63

V.  Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity – Years Ended 

December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

64

VI.  Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows – Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018, 

and 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

VII.  Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

65

67

57 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders  
Sierra Bancorp and Subsidiary 
Porterville, California 

Opinion on the Financial Statements and Internal Control Over Financial Reporting 
We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheet  of  Sierra  Bancorp  and  Subsidiary  (the 
Company) as of December 31, 2019, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, 
change  in  shareholders’  equity,  and  cash  flows  for  the  year  then  ended,  and  the  related  notes  (collectively 
referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”).  

We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019, based 
on criteria established in 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).  

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position 
of the Company as of December 31, 2019, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for the year then 
ended, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in 
our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting 
as of December 31, 2019, based on criteria established in 2013 Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued 
by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). 

Basis for Opinion 
The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal 
control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, 
included  in  the  accompanying  Management’s  Annual  Report  on  Internal  Control  over  Financial  Reporting.  Our 
responsibility  is  to  express  an  opinion  on  the  Company’s  consolidated  financial  statements  and  an  opinion  on  the 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with 
the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (“PCAOB”) and are required to be independent with 
respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the 
Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.  

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform 
the  audit  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  consolidated  financial  statements  are  free  of  material 
misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained 
in all material respects.  

Our audit of the financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the 
financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures 
included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  consolidated  financial 
statements.  Our  audit  also  included  evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by 
management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal 
control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing 
the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control 
based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the 
circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinions. 

58 

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting  
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability  of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  consolidated  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in 
accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. A company’s internal control 
over  financial  reporting  includes  those  policies  and  procedures  that  (1)  pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in 
reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide 
reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance 
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in 
accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable  assurance 
regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could 
have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements. 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate 
because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.  

/s/ Eide Bailly LLP  

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2019. 

San Ramon, California 
March 12, 2020 

59 

 
 
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm 

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders 
Sierra Bancorp and Subsidiary 
Porterville, California 

Opinion on the Financial Statements 
We  have  audited  the  accompanying  consolidated  balance  sheet  of  Sierra  Bancorp  and  Subsidiary  as  of 
December 31, 2018 and the related consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income, changes in 
shareholders’ equity, and cash flows, for the each of the years in the two year period ended December 31, 2018, 
and  the  related  notes  (collectively  referred  to  as  the  “financial  statements”).  In  our  opinion,  the  financial 
statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of  Sierra Bancorp as of December 31, 
2018, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the years in the two year period ended 
December  31,  2018,  in  conformity  with  accounting  principles  generally  accepted  in  the  United  States  of 
America. 

Basis for Opinion 
These financial statements are the responsibility of the entity’s management. Our responsibility is to express 
an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with 
the  Public  Company  Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States)  (“PCAOB”)  and  are  required  to  be 
independent  with  respect  to    Sierra  Bancorp  in  accordance  with  the  U.S.  federal  securities  laws  and  the 
applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. 

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan 
and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material 
misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risk of 
material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures 
that  respond  to  those  risks.    Such  procedures  included  examining,  on  a  test  basis,  evidence  regarding  the 
amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  financial  statements.    Our  audits  also  included  evaluating  the  accounting 
principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation 
of the financial statements.  We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. 

/s/ Vavrinek, Trine, Day & Co., LLP 

We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2004. 

Rancho Cucamonga, California 
March 14, 2019 

60 

 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS 

December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(dollars in thousands) 

ASSETS 

Cash and due from banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Interest-bearing deposits in banks  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Cash and cash equivalents  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Securities available-for-sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Loans and leases: 

2019 

2018 

 65,556   $ 
 14,521  
 80,077  
 600,799  

 72,439 
 1,693 
 74,132 
 560,479 

Gross loans and leases  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Allowance for loan and lease losses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Deferred loan and lease costs, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Net loans and leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Foreclosed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Premises and equipment, net  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Goodwill  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Other intangible assets, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Company owned life insurance  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

   1,762,565  
 (9,923) 
 2,896  
   1,755,538  
 800  
 27,435  
 27,357  
 5,381  
 50,517  
 45,915  

   1,731,928 
 (9,750)
 2,602 
   1,724,780 
 1,082 
 29,500 
 27,357 
 6,455 
 48,153 
 50,564 
  $  2,593,819   $  2,522,502 

Deposits: 

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

Non-interest bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Interest bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Repurchase agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Short-term borrowings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Subordinated debentures, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Other liabilities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

   1,477,424  
   2,168,374  
 25,711  
 20,000  
 34,945  
 35,504  
   2,284,534  

 662,527 
   1,453,813 
   2,116,340 
 16,359 
 56,100 
 34,767 
 25,912 
   2,249,478 

 690,950   $ 

Commitments and contingent liabilities (Notes 6 & 13) 
Shareholders’ equity 

Serial Preferred stock, no par value; 10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued; 
Common stock, no par value; 24,000,000 shares authorized;  15,284,538 and 
15,300,460 shares issued and outstanding in 2019 and 2018, respectively . . . . . . . . . .    
Additional paid-in capital  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Accumulated other comprehensive gain (loss), net of taxes of  $2,490 in 2019 and 
$(2,798) in 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total shareholders’ equity  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

 113,179  
 3,307  
 186,867   

 112,507 
 3,066 
 164,117 

 5,932  
 309,285  

 (6,666)
 273,024 
  $  2,593,819   $  2,522,502 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

61 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME 

Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 
(dollars in thousands, except per share data) 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Interest and dividend income 

Loans and leases, including fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $
Taxable securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Tax-exempt securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Dividend income on securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Federal funds sold and other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 95,898   $
 10,139  
 4,534  
 —  
 376  
 110,947  

 87,792   $ 
 9,548  
 4,060  
 —  
 238  
 101,638  

Interest expense 

Deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Short-term borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Provision (benefit) for loan and lease losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net interest income after provision for loan and lease losses. . . . . .   

Non-interest income 

Service charges on deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Gain on sale of loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Checkcard fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net (losses) gains on sale of securities available-for-sale . . . . . . . . . . .   
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other income  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Non-interest expense 

 11,380  
 362  
 1,836  
 13,578  
 97,369  
 2,550  
 94,819  

 12,742  
 —  
 6,584  
 (198) 
 2,184  
 2,165  
 23,477  

 7,260  
 253  
 1,731  
 9,244  
 92,394  
 4,350  
 88,044  

 12,439  
 —  
 5,878  
 2  
 591  
 2,654  
 21,564  

Salaries and employee benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Occupancy and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Acquisition costs  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Income before income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Provision for income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $

 35,978  
 9,845  
 22  
 24,733  
 70,578  
 47,718  
 11,757  
 35,961   $

 36,133  
 10,295  
 449  
 23,147  
 70,024  
 39,584  
 9,907 
 29,677   $ 

 68,227 
 8,614 
 3,711 
 16 
 356 
 80,924 

 3,762 
 93 
 1,368 
 5,223 
 75,701 
 (1,140)
 76,841 

 11,230 
 3 
 4,955 
 500 
 1,640 
 3,451 
 21,779 

 31,506 
 9,590 
 2,225 
 22,120 
 65,441 
 33,179 
 13,640 
 19,539 

Earnings per share 

Basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $
Diluted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $

 2.35   $
 2.33   $

Weighted average shares outstanding, basic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Weighted average shares outstanding, diluted  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

   15,311,113  
   15,437,111  

   15,261,794  
   15,432,120  

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

62 

 1.94   $ 
 1.92   $ 

 1.38 
 1.36 
   14,172,196 
   14,357,782 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME 

Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 
(dollars in thousands, except footnotes) 

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $   35,961   $   29,677   $   19,539 
Other comprehensive income (expense), before tax 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Unrealized gain (loss) on securities: 

Unrealized holding gain (loss) arising during period . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Reclassification adjustment for losses (gains) included in net income (1)  . . . . . .    
Other comprehensive gain (loss), before tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Income tax (expense) benefit related to items of other comprehensive income . . .    
Total other comprehensive gain (loss), net of tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Comprehensive income  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

 17,686  
 198  
 17,884  
 (5,286) 
 12,598  
 48,559  

 (6,154) 
 (2) 
 (6,156) 
 1,820  
 (4,336) 
 25,341  

 231 
 (500)
 (269)
 112 
 (157)
 19,382 

(1)  Amounts are included in net losses (gains) on securities available-for-sale on the Consolidated Statements of Income 
in  non-interest  income.  Income  tax  expense  (benefit)  associated  with  the  reclassification  adjustment  for  the years 
ended 2019, 2018 and 2017 was $(59,000), $1,000 and $210,000 respectively. 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

63 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

For the Three Years Ended December 31, 2019 
(dollars in thousands, except per share data) 

Common Stock 

Shares 

    Amount 

    Additional     
 Paid In 
 Capital     

  Retained 

  Accumulated       
Other 

  Comprehensive    Shareholders’

 Earnings       Income (loss)     

 Equity 

 6    

 413    

 1,141    

 70,340    

 37,371    

 1,376,431    

 (377)   
 476    

Balance, January 1, 2017  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      13,776,589   $  72,626   $   2,832   $ 132,180   $ 
 19,539    
Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax . . . . .    
Tax act reclassification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Exercise of stock options  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Stock compensation costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Stock repurchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Stock issued-acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Cash dividends - $.56 per share . . . . . . . . .    
Balance, December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . .      15,223,360      111,138    
Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax . . . . .    
Exercise of stock options  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Stock compensation costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Stock repurchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Stock issued-acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Cash dividends - $.64 per share . . . . . . . . .    
Balance, December 31, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . .      15,300,460      112,507    
Net Income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Other comprehensive gain, net of tax  . . . .    
Exercise of stock options  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Stock compensation costs . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Stock repurchase . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Stock issued-acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Cash dividends - $.74 per share . . . . . . . . .    
Balance, December 31, 2019 . . . . . . . . . . .      15,284,538   $ 113,179   $   3,307   $ 186,867   $ 

 (7,935)   
 2,937      144,197    
 29,677    

 (9,757)   
 3,066      164,117    
 35,961    

 (249)   
 490    

 (238)   
 373    

     (11,332)   

 (98,603)   

 82,681    

 77,100    

 (1,879)   

 1,369    

 1,337    

 (665)    

 —    

 —    

 (6)   

 (4,336)    

 (2,330)    

 (157)    
 (413)    

 (1,760)   $   205,878 
 19,539 
 (157) 
 — 
 764 
 476 
 — 
 37,377 
 (7,935) 
 255,942 
 29,677 
 (4,336) 
 1,131 
 373 
 — 
 (6) 
 (9,757) 
 273,024 
 35,961 
 12,598 
 1,088 
 490 
 (2,544) 
 — 
 (11,332) 
 5,932   $   309,285 

 (6,666)    

 12,598    

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

64 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
     
 
 
 
   
     
   
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
   
   
    
   
 
   
   
    
   
   
   
    
   
   
 
   
   
    
   
 
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
 
   
   
    
   
 
   
   
    
   
   
   
 
   
   
    
   
 
   
   
    
   
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
 
   
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
   
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
    
   
   
    
   
    
    
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 
(dollars in thousands) 

Cash flows from operating activities: 

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating 
activities: 
    Loss (gain) on sales of securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Gain on sale of loans  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Loss on disposal of fixed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Gain on sale of foreclosed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Writedown of foreclosed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Share-based compensation expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Provision (benefit) for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Net amortization on securities premiums and discounts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Accretion of discounts for loans acquired and net deferred loan fees  . . . . . . . . .    
Increase in cash surrender value of life insurance policies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Amortization of core deposit intangible  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
(Increase) decrease in interest receivable and other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Deferred income tax benefit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Increase in equity securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Net amortization of partnership investment  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Net cash provided by operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

2019 

2018 

2017 

 35,961   $ 

 29,677   $ 

 19,539 

 198  
 —  
 28  
 (107) 
 77  
 490  
 2,550  
 2,988  
 4,449  
 (1,023) 
 (2,184) 
 1,074  
 (9,224) 
 9,662  
 (97) 
 (232) 
 2,127  
 46,737  

 (2) 
 —  
 16  
 (1,423) 
 439  
 373  
 4,350  
 3,174  
 5,452  
 (1,647) 
 (591) 
 1,020  
 (6,106) 
 (5,420) 
 (308) 
 (1,183) 
 2,625  
 30,446  

 (500)
 (3)
 136 
 (56)
 95 
 476 
 (1,140)
 3,030 
 6,749 
 (1,384)
 (1,640)
 508 
 10,402 
 4,100 
 (1,130)
 — 
 1,497 
 40,679 

Cash flows from investing activities:  

Maturities and calls of securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Purchases of securities available for sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Principal paydowns on securities available for sale  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Net purchases of FHLB stock  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Loan originations and payments, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Purchases of premises and equipment, net  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Proceeds from sales of fixed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Proceeds from sales of foreclosed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Purchase of bank owned life insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Liquidation of bank-owned life insurance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Proceeds from BOLI death benefit  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net increase in partnership investment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net cash from bank acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net cash used in investing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 9,809  
 60,510  
   (190,168) 
 92,766  
 (833) 
 (32,376) 
 (783) 
 10  
 7,955  
 (440) 
 260  
 —  
 —  
 —  
 (53,290) 

 9,730  
 6,838  
   (122,818) 
 92,494  
 (300) 
   (183,737) 
 (3,123) 
 —  
 13,188  
 (454) 
 —  
 —  
 —  
 (6) 
   (188,188) 

 9,493 
 40,166 
   (179,092)
 100,161 
 (1,689)
 (76,129)
 (2,141)
 — 
 443 
 (455)
 — 
 999 
 (5,000)
 61,571 
 (51,673)

Cash flows from financing activities:  

Increase in deposits  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Increase (decrease) in borrowed funds  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Increase (decrease) in repurchase agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Cash dividends paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Repurchases of common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Stock options exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net cash provided by financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
(Decrease) increase in cash and due from banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 52,034  
 (36,100) 
 9,352  
 (11,332) 
 (2,544) 
 1,088  
 12,498  
 5,945  
 74,132  
 80,077   $ 

 127,954  
 34,200  
 8,209  
 (9,757) 
 —  
 1,131  
 161,737  
 3,995  
 70,137  
 74,132   $ 

 35,304 
 (67,500)
 56 
 (7,935)
 — 
 764 
 (39,311)
 (50,305)
 120,442 
 70,137 

65 

 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 
(Continued) 

Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 
(dollars in thousands) 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: 

Cash paid during the year for: 
Interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $   13,769   $ 
 8,707   $ 
Income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $   12,000   $   11,300   $ 

Supplemental noncash disclosures: 

Real estate acquired through foreclosure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
 27   $ 
Change in unrealized net gains (losses) on securities available-for-sale . . . .    $   17,884   $ 
Operating right-of-use asset pursuant to adoption of ASU 2016-02  . . . . . . .    $ 
 8,308   $ 
Operating lease liability pursuant to adoption of ASU 2016-02 . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
 8,915   $ 

 7,805   $ 
 (6,156)   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 

Assets acquired (liabilities assumed) in bank acquisition: 

 5,000 
 7,147 

 666 
 (269)
 — 
 — 

Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Premises and equipment  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Foreclosed assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Core deposit intangibles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Borrowings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 

 62,374 
 —   $ 
 —   $ 
 5,492 
 —   $   217,807 
 1,342 
 —   $ 
 3,072 
 —   $ 
 3,939 
 —   $ 
 19,089 
 —   $ 
 10,479 
 —   $ 
 —   $  (257,611)
 —   $ 
 (3,404)
 —   $   (24,400)
 — 
 —   $ 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements. 

66 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

1.       THE BUSINESS OF SIERRA BANCORP 

Sierra Bancorp (the “Company”) is a California corporation registered as a bank holding company under the Bank 
Holding  Company  Act  of  1956,  as  amended,  and  is  headquartered  in  Porterville,  California.  The  Company  was 
incorporated in November 2000 and acquired all of the outstanding shares of Bank of the Sierra (the “Bank”) in 
August 2001. The Company’s principal subsidiary is the Bank, and the Company exists primarily for the purpose of 
holding the stock of the Bank and of such other subsidiaries it may acquire or establish. The Company’s only other 
direct subsidiaries are Sierra Statutory Trust II, Sierra Capital Trust III and Coast Bancorp Statutory Trust II, which 
were formed solely to facilitate the issuance of capital trust pass-through securities. 

At December 31, 2019, the Bank operated 40 full service branch offices, an online branch and Agricultural, SBA 
and  Mortgage  Warehouse  lending  divisions.  The  Bank’s  deposits  are  insured  by  the  Federal  Deposit  Insurance 
Corporation  (FDIC)  up  to  applicable  legal  limits.  The  Bank  maintains  a  diversified  loan  portfolio  comprised  of 
agricultural,  commercial,  consumer,  real  estate  construction  and  mortgage  loans.  Loans  are  made  in  California 
within the market area of the South Central San Joaquin Valley, the Central Coast, Ventura County and neighboring 
communities. These areas have diverse economies with principal industries being agriculture, real estate and light 
manufacturing. 

2.       SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES 

Consolidation and Basis of Presentation 

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and the consolidated accounts of its 
wholly-owned  subsidiary,  Bank  of  the  Sierra.  All  significant  intercompany  balances  and  transactions  have  been 
eliminated. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior years’ balances to conform to classifications used in 
2019. The accounting and reporting policies of the Company conform to accounting principles generally accepted 
in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) and prevailing practices within the banking industry. 

In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Company’s investments in Sierra Statutory Trust II, Sierra Capital Trust III and 
Coast Bancorp Statutory Trust II are not consolidated and are accounted for under the equity method and included 
in  other  assets  on  the  consolidated  balance  sheet.  The  subordinated  debentures  issued  and  guaranteed  by  the 
Company and held by the trusts are reflected on the Company’s consolidated balance sheet. 

Use of Estimates 

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make 
estimates  and  assumptions  based  on  available  information.  These  estimates  and  assumptions  affect  the  amounts 
reported in the financial statements and the disclosures provided, and actual results could differ. 

Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant changes in the near-term relate to the determination 
of the allowance for loan and lease losses and the valuation of real estate acquired in connection with foreclosures 
or in satisfaction of loans. In connection with the determination of the allowances for loan and lease losses and other 
real estate, management obtains independent appraisals for significant properties, evaluates the overall loan portfolio 
characteristics and delinquencies and monitors economic conditions. 

Cash Flows 

For  purposes  of  reporting  cash  flows,  cash  and  cash  equivalents  include  cash  and  deposits  with  other  financial 
institutions with original maturities within 90 days, and federal funds sold. Net cash flows are reported for customer 

67 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

loan and deposit transactions, interest bearing deposits in other financial institutions, and fed funds purchased and 
repurchase agreements. 

Securities 

Debt securities may be classified as held to maturity and carried at amortized cost when management has the positive 
ability and intent to hold them to maturity. Debt securities are classified as available for sale when they might be 
sold before maturity. Equity securities with readily determinable fair values are classified as available for sale. Debt 
securities  available  for  sale  are  carried  at  fair  value  with  unrealized  holding  gains  and  losses  reported  in  other 
comprehensive income, net of tax.  

Interest income includes amortization of purchase premium or discount. Premiums or discounts on securities are 
amortized on the level-yield method without anticipating prepayments. Gains and losses on sales are recorded on 
the trade date and determined using the specific identification method. 

Management  determines  the  appropriate  classification  of  its  investments  at  the  time  of  purchase  and  may  only 
change the classification in certain limited circumstances. All transfers between categories are accounted for at fair 
value. Although the Company currently has the intent and the ability to hold the securities in its investment portfolio 
to maturity, the securities are all marketable and are currently classified as “available for sale” to allow maximum 
flexibility with regard to interest rate risk and liquidity management. 

Management evaluates securities for other-than-temporary impairment (“OTTI”) on at least a quarterly basis, and 
more frequently when economic or market conditions warrant such an evaluation. For securities in an unrealized 
loss position, management considers the extent and duration of the unrealized loss and the financial condition and 
near-term prospects of the issuer. Management also assesses whether it intends to sell, or it is more likely than not 
that it will be required to sell, a security in an unrealized loss position before recovery of its amortized cost basis. If 
either of the criteria regarding intent or requirement to sell is met, the entire difference between amortized cost and 
fair value is recognized as impairment through earnings. For debt securities that do not meet the aforementioned 
criteria, the amount of the impairment is split into two components as follows: 1) OTTI related to credit loss, which 
must  be  recognized  in  the  income  statement  and  2)  OTTI  related  to  other  factors,  which  is  recognized  in  other 
comprehensive  income.  The credit  loss  is defined  as  the difference between the present  value of  the cash  flows 
expected to be collected and the amortized cost basis.  

FHLB Stock and Other Investments 

The Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) system. Members are required to own a certain 
amount of stock based on the level of borrowings and other factors, and may invest in additional amounts. FHLB 
stock is carried at cost in other assets, and periodically evaluated for impairment based on the ultimate recovery of 
par  value.  Both  cash  and  stock  dividends  are  reported  as  income.  The  Bank’s  investment  in  FHLB  stock  was 
approximately $10,727,000 and $9,894,000 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Pursuant to the adoption of ASU 2016 - 01 on January 1, 2018, the Company elected the measurement alternative for 
measuring  equity  securities  without  readily  determinable  fair  values  at  cost  less  impairment,  plus  or  minus 
observable  price  changes  in  orderly  transactions.  The  carrying  amount  of  equity  securities  without  readily 
determinable  fair  values  is  $2,016,000  and  $1,784,000  at  December  31,  2019  and  2018,  respectively.    Equity 
securities primarily consist of an investment in Pacific Coast Bankers’ Bank (“PCBB”). A remeasurement gain of 
$232,000 and $1,183,000 was recorded to income during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, on PCBB 
stock. $1,415,000 in cummulative remeasurement gains have been recorded as of December 31, 2019 on PCBB 
stock. Adjustments to the carrying value of PCBB stock were based on observable activity in the stock. 

68 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

Loans Held for Sale 

The Company may originate loans intended to be sold on the secondary market. Loans originated and intended for 
sale in the secondary market are carried at cost which approximates fair value since these loans are typically sold 
shortly  after  origination.  The  loan’s  cost  basis  includes  unearned  deferred  fees  and  costs,  and  premiums  and 
discounts. If loans held for sale remain on our books for an extended period of time the fair value of those loans is 
determined  using  quoted  secondary  market  prices.  Net  unrealized  losses,  if  any,  are  recorded  as  a  valuation 
allowance and charged to earnings. 

Loans that might be held for sale by the Company typically consist of residential real estate loans. Loans classified 
as held for sale, if any, are disclosed in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements. 

Gains and  losses  on  sales of loans  are recognized  at  the  time  of  sale  and  are  calculated based on  the  difference 
between  the  selling  price  and  the  allocated  book  value  of  loans  sold.  Book  value  allocations  are  determined  in 
accordance with U.S. GAAP. Any inherent risk of loss on loans sold is transferred to the buyer at the date of sale. 

The  Company  has  issued  various  representations  and  warranties  associated  with  the  sale  of  loans.  These 
representations  and  warranties  may  require  the  Company  to  repurchase  loans  with  underwriting  deficiencies  as 
defined per the applicable sales agreements and certain past due loans within 90 days of the sale. The Company did 
not experience losses during the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, or 2017 regarding these representations and 
warranties. 

Loans and Leases (Financing Receivables) 

Our credit quality classifications of Loans and Leases include Pass, Special Mention, Substandard and Impaired. 
These classifications are defined in Note 4 to the consolidated financial statements. 

Loans and leases that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity or 
payoff are reported at the principal balance outstanding, net of deferred loan fees and costs, purchase premiums and 
discounts, write-downs, and an allowance for loan and lease losses. Loan and lease origination fees, net of certain 
deferred origination costs, and purchase premiums and discounts are recognized in interest income as an adjustment 
to  yield  of  the  related  loans and  leases over  the contractual  life of  the  loan using  both  the  effective  interest  and 
straight line methods without anticipating prepayments. 

Interest  income  for  all  performing  loans,  regardless  of  classification  (Pass,  Special  Mention,  Substandard  and 
Impaired),  is  recognized  on  an  accrual  basis,  with  interest  accrued  daily.  Costs  associated  with  successful  loan 
originations are netted from loan origination fees, with the net amount (net deferred loan fees) amortized over the 
contractual life of the loan in interest income. If a loan has scheduled periodic payments, the amortization of the net 
deferred loan fee is calculated using the effective interest method over the contractual life of the loan. If the loan 
does not have scheduled payments, such as a line of credit, the net deferred loan fee is recognized as interest income 
on a straight line basis over the contractual life of the loan. Fees received for loan commitments are recognized as 
interest income over the term of the commitment. When loans are repaid, any remaining unamortized balances of 
deferred fees and costs are accounted for through interest income. 

Generally, the Company places a loan or lease on nonaccrual status and ceases recognizing interest income when it 
has become delinquent more than 90 days and/or when Management determines that the repayment of principal and 
collection of interest is unlikely. The Company may decide that it is appropriate to continue to accrue interest on 
certain loans more than 90 days delinquent if they are well-secured by collateral and collection is in process. When 
a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, any accrued but uncollected interest for the loan is reversed out of interest 

69 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

income in the period in which the loan’s status changed. For loans with an interest reserve, i.e., where loan proceeds 
are advanced to the borrower to make interest payments, all interest recognized from the inception of the loan is 
reversed when the loan is placed on non-accrual. Once a loan is on non-accrual status subsequent payments received 
from the customer are applied to principal, and no further interest income is recognized until the principal has been 
paid in full or until circumstances have changed such that payments are again consistently received as contractually 
required. Generally, loans and leases are not restored to accrual status until the obligation is brought current and has 
performed in accordance with the contractual terms for a reasonable period of time, and the ultimate collectability 
of the total contractual principal and interest is no longer in doubt. 

Impaired loans are classified as either nonaccrual or accrual, depending on individual circumstances regarding the 
collectability of interest and principal according to the contractual terms. 

Purchased Credit Impaired Loans 

The  Company  purchases  individual  loans  and  groups  of  loans,  some  of  which  may  show  evidence  of  credit 
deterioration since origination. These purchased credit impaired (“PCI”) loans are recorded at the amount paid, since 
there is no carryover of the seller’s allowance for loan losses. After acquisition, losses are recognized by an increase 
in the allowance for loan losses. 

Such  PCI  loans  are  accounted  for  individually  or  aggregated  into  pools  of  loans  based  on  common  risk 
characteristics. The Company estimates the amount and timing of expected cash flows for the loan or pool, and the 
expected cash flows in excess of amount paid is recorded as interest income over the remaining life of the loan or 
pool (accretable yield). The excess of the loan’s or pool’s contractual principal and interest over expected cash flows 
is not recorded (nonaccretable difference). 

Over the life of the loan or pool, expected cash flows continue to be estimated. If the present value of expected cash 
flows is less than the carrying amount, a loss is recorded as a provision for loan and lease losses. If the present value 
of expected cash flows is greater than the carrying amount, it is recognized as part of future interest income 

Loans Modified in a Troubled Debt Restructuring 

Loans are considered to have been modified in a troubled debt restructuring (“TDR”) when due to a borrower’s 
financial difficulties the Company makes certain concessions to the borrower that it would not otherwise consider. 
Modifications may include interest rate reductions, principal or interest forgiveness, forbearance, and other actions 
intended to minimize economic loss and to avoid foreclosure or repossession of collateral. Generally, a non-accrual 
loan that has been modified in a TDR remains on non-accrual status for a period of six months to demonstrate that 
the borrower is able to meet the terms of the modified loan. However, performance prior to the modification, or 
significant events that coincide with the modification, are included in assessing whether the borrower can meet the 
new terms and may result in the loan being returned to accrual status at the time of loan modification or after a 
shorter performance period. If the borrower’s ability to meet the revised payment schedule is uncertain, the loan 
remains on non-accrual status. 

A TDR is generally considered to be in default when it appears likely that the customer will not be able to repay all 
principal and interest pursuant to the terms of the restructured agreement. 

Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses 

The allowance for loan and lease losses is maintained at a level which, in management’s judgment, is adequate to 
absorb  loan  and  lease  losses inherent  in  the  loan  and  lease  portfolio.  The  allowance for  loan  and  lease  losses  is 

70 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

increased  by  a  provision  for  loan  and  lease  losses,  which  is  charged  to  expense,  and  by  principal  recovered  on 
charged-off balances. It is reduced by principal charge-offs. The amount of the allowance is based on management’s 
evaluation  of  the  collectability  of  the  loan  and  lease  portfolio,  changes  in  its  risk  profile,  credit  concentrations, 
historical trends, and economic conditions. This evaluation also considers the balance of impaired loans and leases. 
A loan or lease is impaired when it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect all contractual principal 
and interest payments due in accordance with the terms of the loan or lease agreement. The impairment on certain 
individually  identified  loans  or  leases  is  measured  based  on  the  present  value  of  expected  future  cash  flows 
discounted at the original effective interest rate of the loan or lease. As a practical expedient, impairment may be 
measured based on the loan’s or lease’s observable market price or the fair value of collateral if the loan or lease is 
collateral dependent. The amount of impairment, if any, is recorded through the provision for loan and lease losses 
and is added to the allowance for loan and lease losses, with any changes over time recognized as additional bad 
debt expense in our provision for loan losses. Impaired loans with homogenous characteristics, such as one-to-four 
family  residential  mortgages  and  consumer  installment  loans,  may  be  subjected  to  a  collective  evaluation  for 
impairment, considering delinquency and repossession statistics, historical loss experience, and other factors. 

General reserves cover non-impaired loans and are based on historical net loss rates for each portfolio segment by 
call report code, adjusted for the effects of qualitative or environmental factors that are likely to cause estimated 
credit losses as of the evaluation date to differ from the portfolio segment’s historical loss experience. Qualitative 
factors include consideration of the following: changes in lending policies and procedures; changes in international, 
national, regional, and local economic and business conditions and developments; changes in the nature and volume 
of the portfolio; changes in the experience, ability and depth of lending management and staff; changes in the volume 
and severity of past due, nonaccrual and other adversely graded loans; changes in quality of the loan review system; 
changes in the value of the underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans; concentrations of credit; and the 
effect of the other external factors such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements. 

Most of the Company’s business activity is with customers located in California within the Southern Central San 
Joaquin Valley; in the corridor stretching between Santa Paula and Santa Clarita in Southern California, and on the 
Central Coast. Therefore the Company’s exposure to credit risk is significantly affected by changes in the economy 
in those regions. The Company considers this concentration of credit risk when assessing and assigning qualitative 
factors  in  the  allowance  for  loan  losses.  Portfolio  segments  identified  by  the  Company  include  Agricultural, 
Commercial  and  Industrial,  Real  Estate,  Small  Business  Administration,  and  Consumer  loans.  Relevant  risk 
characteristics  for  these  portfolio  segments  generally  include  debt  service  coverage,  loan-to-value  ratios  and 
financial performance on non-consumer loans; and credit scores, debt-to-income ratios, collateral type and loan-to-
value ratios for consumer loans. 

Though management believes the allowance for loan and lease losses to be adequate, ultimate losses may vary from 
their  estimates.  However,  estimates  are  reviewed  periodically,  and  as  adjustments  become  necessary  they  are 
reported in earnings during the periods they become known. In addition, the FDIC and the California Department 
of Business Oversight, as an integral part of their examination processes, review the allowance for loan and lease 
losses. These agencies may require additions to the allowance for loan and lease losses based on their judgment 
about information available at the time of their examinations. 

Reserve for Off-Balance Sheet Commitments 

In addition to the exposure to credit loss from outstanding loans, the Company is also exposed to credit loss from 
certain  off-balance  sheet  commitments  such  as  unused  commitments  from  revolving  lines  of  credit,  mortgage 
warehouse lines of credit, construction loans and commercial and standby letters of credit. Because the available 
funds have not yet been disbursed on these commitments the estimated losses are not included in the calculation of 
the ALLL. The reserve for off-balance sheet commitments is an estimated loss contingency which is included in 

71 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

other  liabilities  on  the  Consolidated  Balance  Sheets.  The  adjustments  to  the  reserve  for  off-balance  sheet 
commitments are reported as a noninterest expense. This reserve is for estimated losses that could occur when the 
Company is contractually obligated to make a payment under these instruments and must seek repayment from a 
party that may not be as financially sound in the current period as it was when the commitment was originally made. 

Premises and Equipment 

Land is carried at cost. Premises and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is 
computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. The useful lives of premises 
range between twenty-five to thirty-nine years. The useful lives of furniture, fixtures and equipment range between 
three to twenty years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the life of the asset or the term of the related 
lease,  whichever  is  shorter.  When  assets  are  sold  or  otherwise  disposed  of,  the  cost  and  related  accumulated 
depreciation are removed from the accounts, and any resulting gain or loss is recognized in income for the period. 
The cost of maintenance and repairs is charged to expense as incurred. 

Impairment  of  long-lived  assets  is  evaluated  by  management  based  upon  an  event  or  changes  in  circumstances 
surrounding the underlying assets which indicate long-lived assets may be impaired. 

Foreclosed Assets 

Foreclosed assets include real estate and other property acquired in full or partial settlement of loan obligations. 
Upon acquisition, any excess of the recorded investment in the loan balance over the appraised fair market value, 
net of estimated selling costs, is charged against the allowance for loan and lease losses. A valuation allowance for 
losses on foreclosed assets is maintained to provide for declines in value. The allowance is established through a 
provision for losses on foreclosed assets which is included in other non-interest expense. Subsequent gains or losses 
on  sales  or  write-downs  resulting  from  permanent  impairments  are  recorded  in  other  non-interest  expense  as 
incurred. Operating costs after acquisition are expensed. 

The  Company  had  one  foreclosed  residential  real  estate  property  recorded  at  December 31,  2019,  as  a  result  of 
obtaining  physical  possession  of  the  property.  At  December 31,  2019,  the  recorded  investment  of  consumer 
mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties for which formal foreclosure proceeds were in process 
was $1,089,000. 

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets 

The Company acquired Sierra National Bank in 2000, Santa Clara Valley Bank in 2014, Coast National Bank in 
2016, and Ojai Community Bank and the Woodlake Branch of Citizen’s Business Bank in 2017. Goodwill resulting 
from  business  combinations  after  January 1,  2009  is  generally  determined  as  the  excess  of  the  fair  value  of  the 
consideration transferred, plus the fair value of any noncontrolling interests in the acquiree, over the fair value of 
the net assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the acquisition date. 

Goodwill and intangible assets acquired in a purchase business combination and determined to have an indefinite 
useful  life  are  not  amortized,  but  are  tested  for  impairment  at  least  annually  or  more  frequently  if  events  and 
circumstances  exist  which  indicate  that  an  impairment  test  should  be  performed.  The  Company  selected 
December 31, 2019 as the date to perform the annual impairment test for 2019.   Goodwill is the only intangible 
asset  with  an  indefinite  life  on  our  balance  sheet.  There  was  no  impairment  recognized  for  the years  ended 
December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017. 

72 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

Intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives to their estimated residual 
values. The Company’s other intangible assets consist solely of core deposit intangible assets (CDI’s) arising from 
the acquisitions of Santa Clara Valley Bank, Coast National Bank, a Citizen’s Business Bank Porterville branch 
deposit portfolio, Ojai Community Bank, the Woodlake Branch of Citizen’s Business Bank and the Lompoc branch 
of Santa Maria Community Bank. All of the CDI’s are being amortized on a straight line basis over eight years, 
except for the Citizen’s Business Bank Porterville branch deposit portfolio which is being amortized on a straightline 
basis over five years. 

Loan Commitments and Related Financial Instruments 

Financial  instruments  include  off-balance  sheet  credit  instruments,  such  as  commitments  to  make  loans  and 
commercial letters of credit, issued to meet customer financing needs. The face amount for these items represents 
the  exposure  to  loss,  before  considering  customer  collateral  or  ability  to  repay.  Such  financial  instruments  are 
recorded when they are funded. Details regarding these commitments and financial instruments are discussed in 
detail in Note 13 to the consolidated financial statements. 

Income Taxes 

The Company files its income taxes on a consolidated basis with its subsidiary. The allocation of income tax expense 
represents each entity’s proportionate share of the consolidated provision for income taxes. 

Income tax expense is the total of the current year income tax due or refundable and the change in deferred tax assets 
and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are the expected future tax amounts for the temporary differences 
between  carrying  amounts  and  tax  basis  of  assets  and  liabilities,  computed  using  enacted  tax  rates.  A  valuation 
allowance, if needed, reduces deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized. 

A tax position is recognized as a benefit only if it is “more likely than not” that the tax position would be sustained 
in a tax examination, with a tax examination being presumed to occur. The amount recognized is the largest amount 
of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely to be realized on examination. For tax positions not meeting the “more 
likely than not” test, no tax benefit is recorded. We have determined that as of December 31, 2019 all tax positions 
taken  to  date  are  highly  certain  and,  accordingly,  no  accounting  adjustment  has  been  made  to  the  financial 
statements. 

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions as part of income tax expense. 

Salary Continuation Agreements and Directors’ Retirement Plan 

The Company has entered into agreements to provide members of the Board of Directors and certain key executives, 
or their designated beneficiaries, with annual benefits for up to fifteen years after retirement or death. The Company 
accrues  for  these  future  benefits  from  the  effective  date  of  the  plan  until  the  director’s  or  executive’s  expected 
retirement date in a systematic and rational manner. At the consolidated balance sheet date, the amount of accrued 
benefits  equals  the  then  present  value  of  the  benefits  expected  to  be  provided  to  the  director  or  employee,  any 
beneficiaries, and covered dependents in exchange for the director’s or employee’s services to that date. 

Comprehensive Income 

Comprehensive  income  consists  of  net  income  and  other  comprehensive  income.  Other  comprehensive  income 
includes unrealized gains and losses on securities available for sale, net of an adjustment for the effects of realized 
gains and losses and any applicable tax. Comprehensive income is a more inclusive financial reporting methodology 

73 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

that includes disclosure of other comprehensive income that historically has not been recognized in the calculation 
of  net  income.  Unrealized  gains  and  losses  on  the  Company’s  available  for  sale  securities  are  included  in  other 
comprehensive income after adjusting for the effects of realized gains and losses. Total comprehensive income and 
the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are presented in the consolidated statements of 
comprehensive income. 

Stock-Based Compensation 

At  December 31,  2019,  the  Company  had  one  stock-based  compensation  plan,  the  Sierra  Bancorp  2017  Stock 
Incentive Plan (the “2017 Plan”), which was adopted by the Company’s Board of Directors on March 16, 2017 and 
approved by the Company’s shareholders on May 24, 2017. The 2017 Plan replaced the Company’s 2007 Stock 
Incentive Plan (the “2007” Plan), which expired by its own terms on March 15, 2017. Options to purchase shares 
granted under the 2007 Plan that remained outstanding were unaffected by that plan’s termination. The 2017 Plan 
covers 850,000 shares of the Company’s authorized but unissued common stock, subject to adjustment for stock 
splits and dividends, and provides for the issuance of both “incentive” and “nonqualified” stock options to salaried 
officers and employees, and of “nonqualified” stock options to non-employee directors. The 2017 Plan also provides 
for the issuance of restricted stock awards to these same classes of eligible participants. We have not issued, nor do 
we currently have plans to issue, restricted stock awards. 

Compensation cost and director’s expense is recognized for stock options issued to employees and directors and is 
recognized  over  the  required  service  period,  generally  defined  as  the  vesting  period.  The  Company  is  using  the 
Black-Scholes  model  to  value  stock  options.  The  “multiple  option”  approach  is  used  to  allocate  the  resulting 
valuation to actual expense for current period. Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s 
common stock. The Company uses historical data to estimate option exercise and post-vesting termination behavior. 
The expected term of options granted is based on historical data and represents the period of time that options granted 
are expected to be outstanding subsequent to vesting, which takes into account that the options are not transferable. 
The risk-free interest rate for the expected term of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at 
the time of the grant. The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant using the following assumptions: 

Dividend yield . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Expected Volatility . . . . . . . . .   
Risk-free interest rate . . . . . . .   
Expected option life  . . . . . . . .   

2019 

Years Ended December 31, 
2018 

2.62%  
34.57%  
2.70%  
5.4 years  

2.12%  
26.26%  
2.38%  
5.3 years  

2017 

1.70% 
26.47% 
1.92% 
5.0 years 

Revenue Recognition 

Revenue from contracts with customers comprises the noninterest income earned by the Company in exchange for 
services provided to customers.  Income associated with customer contracts generally involve transaction prices that 
are fixed and performance obligations which are satisfied as services are rendered.  In most cases recognition occurs 
within a single financial reporting period as there is little or no judgement involved in the timing of revenues.  We 
generally act in a principal capacity, on our own behalf, in most of our contracts with customers.  In such transactions, 
we  recognize  revenue  and  the  related  costs  to  provide  our  services  on  a  gross  basis  in  our  financial  statements.  
Service Charges on Deposit Accounts comprise charges on retail and business accounts.  Business customers can 
earn credits depending on account type and deposit balances maintained with the Company, which may be used to 
offset fees.    Fees  and  credits  are  based  on predetermined,  agreed-upon rates.   In  some  cases,  we  act in  an  agent 
capacity, deriving revenue through assisting other entities in transactions with our customers.  In such transactions, 

74 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

we recognize revenue and those related costs to provide services on a gross basis in our financial statements.  Debit 
card interchange income is derived from our customers’ use of various interchange and ATM/debit card networks 
which are the primary sources of revenue generated in an agent capacity. 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements 

In January 2016 the FASB issued ASU 2016 - 01, Financial Instruments–Overall: Recognition and Measurement of 
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities. This guidance addresses certain aspects of recognition, measurement, 
presentation  and  disclosure  of  financial  instruments.  Among  other  things,  the  guidance  in  this  ASU  (i) requires 
equity investments, with certain exceptions, to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in 
net income, (ii) simplifies the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily determinable fair values 
by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment, (iii) eliminates the requirement for public entities to 
disclose the methods and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for 
financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet, (iv) requires public business entities to use 
the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes, (v) requires an 
entity  to  present  separately  in  other  comprehensive  income  the  portion  of  the  change  in  fair  value  of  a  liability 
resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at 
fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments, (vi) requires separate presentation of 
financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset on the balance sheet or 
in the accompanying notes to the financial statements, and (vii) clarifies that an entity should evaluate the need for 
a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities. This amendment is effective for 
fiscal years  beginning  after  December 15,  2017,  including  interim  periods  within  those  fiscal years.  Entities  are 
required to apply the amendment by means of a cumulative-effect adjustment as of the beginning of the fiscal year 
of adoption, except for the amendment related to equity securities without readily determinable fair values which 
should be applied prospectively to equity investments that exist as of the date of adoption. The Company adopted 
ASU 2016 - 01 effective January 1, 2018, and recorded an increase in equity securities without readily determinable 
values and non-interest revenue for $1,183,000. In accordance with (iv) above, the Company measured the fair value 
of its loan portfolio at December 31, 2019 using an exit price notion. See Note 20 Fair Value. 

In  February 25,  2016,  the  FASB  issued  Accounting  Standards  Update  2016  - 02, Leases  (Topic  842).  The  new 
standard  is  being  issued  to  increase  the  transparency  and  comparability  around  lease  obligations.  Previously 
unrecorded  off-balance  sheet  obligations  will  now  be  brought  more  prominently  to  light  by  presenting  lease 
liabilities on the face of the balance sheet, accompanied by enhanced qualitative and quantitative disclosures in the 
notes  to  the  financial  statements.  This  Update  is  generally  effective  for  public  business  entities  in  fiscal years 
beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company has several 
lease agreements, including 21 branch locations,  one administrative office and three offsite ATM locations which 
are currently considered operating leases, and therefore, not recognized on the Company’s consolidated statements 
of condition. Effective January 1, 2019 the Company adopted ASU 2016 - 02 recording a right of use asset totaling 
approximately $10 million, and a corresponding lease liability .  See Note 6 to the consolidated financial statements 
for more detailed information. 

In  September 2016  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2016 - 13,  Financial  Instruments –  Credit  Losses  (Topic  326): 
Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which eliminates the probable initial recognition threshold 
for  credit  losses  in  current  U.S.  GAAP,  and  instead  requires  an  organization  to  record  a  current  estimate  of  all 
expected credit losses over the contractual term for financial assets carried at amortized cost. This is commonly 
referred to as the current expected credit losses (“CECL”) methodology. Expected credit losses for financial assets 
held at the reporting date will be measured based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable and 
supportable  forecasts.  Another  change  from  existing  U.S.  GAAP  involves  the  treatment  of  purchased  credit 
deteriorated  assets,  which  are  more  broadly  defined  than  purchased  credit  impaired  assets  in  current  accounting 

75 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

standards. When such assets are purchased, institutions will estimate and record an allowance for credit losses that 
is added to the purchase price rather than being reported as a credit loss expense. Furthermore, ASU 2016 - 13 updates 
the measurement of credit losses on available-for-sale debt securities, by mandating that institutions record credit 
losses on available-for-sale debt securities through an allowance for credit losses rather than the current practice of 
writing down securities for other-than-temporary impairment. ASU 2016 - 13 will also require the enhancement of 
financial statement disclosures regarding estimates used in calculating credit losses. ASU 2016 - 13 does not change 
the  existing  write-off  principle  in  U.S.  GAAP  or  current  nonaccrual  practices,  nor  does  it  change  accounting 
requirements for loans held for sale or certain other financial assets which are measured at the lower of amortized 
cost or fair value. As a public business entity that is an SEC filer, ASU 2016 - 13 becomes effective for the Company 
on January 1, 2020, although early application is permitted for 2019. On the effective date, institutions will apply 
the new accounting standard as follows:  for financial assets carried at amortized cost, a cumulative-effect adjustment 
will be recognized on the balance sheet for any change in the related allowance for loan and lease losses generated 
by  the  adoption  of  the  new  standard;  financial  assets  classified  as  purchased  credit  impaired  assets  prior  to  the 
effective date will be reclassified as purchased credit deteriorated assets as of the effective date, and will be grossed 
up for the related allowance for expected credit losses created as of the effective date; and, debt securities on which 
other-than-temporary impairment had been recognized prior to the effective date will transition to the new guidance 
prospectively with no change in their amortized cost basis. The Company adopted ASU 2016-13 on January 1, 2020 
and while the exact extent of the impact has not yet been definitively determined, initial estimates indicate that our 
allowance for loan and lease losses will increase by $12,000,000 relative to current levels utilizing a discounted cash 
flow methodology with forecasting. 

In January 2017 the FASB issued ASU 2017  - 04, Intangibles – Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the 
Accounting for Goodwill Impairment. This guidance removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires 
a hypothetical purchase price allocation, and goodwill impairment will simply be the amount by which a reporting 
unit’s  carrying  value  exceeds  its  fair  value,  not  to  exceed  the  carrying  amount  of  goodwill.  All  other  goodwill 
impairment guidance will remain largely unchanged. Entities will continue to have the option to perform a qualitative 
assessment to determine if a quantitative impairment test is necessary. The same one-step impairment test will be 
applied to goodwill at all reporting units, even those with zero or negative carrying amounts. Entities will be required 
to disclose the amount of goodwill at reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts. The amendments in 
this update are effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. We have 
not been required to record any goodwill impairment to date, and after a preliminary review do not expect that this 
guidance  would  require  us  to  do  so  given  current  circumstances.  Nevertheless,  we  will  continue  to  evaluate 
ASU 2017 - 04 to more definitely determine its potential impact on the Company’s consolidated financial position, 
results of operations and cash flows. 

In March 2017 the FASB issued ASU 2017-08, Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310 - 20): 
Premium  Amortization  on  Purchased  Callable  Debt  Securities.  The  amendments  in  this  update  shorten  the 
amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium, by requiring the premium to be amortized 
to the earliest call date. Under current guidance, the premium on a callable debt security is generally amortized as 
an adjustment to yield over the contractual life of the instrument, and any unamortized premium is recorded as a 
loss in earnings upon the debtor’s exercise of a call provision. Under ASU 2017 - 08, because the premium will be 
amortized to the earliest call date, entities will no longer recognize a loss in earnings if a debt security is called prior 
to  the  contractual  maturity  date.  The  amendments  do  not  require  an  accounting  change  for  securities  held  at  a 
discount;  discounts  will  continue  to  be  amortized  as  an  adjustment  to  yield  over  the  contractual  life  of  the  debt 
instrument.  ASU  2017 - 08  is  effective  for  public  business  entities,  including  the  Company,  for  fiscal  years,  and 
interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted, including 
adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts in an interim period, any adjustments must be reflected as of 
the beginning of the fiscal year that includes that interim period. To apply ASU 2017 - 08, entities must use a modified 
retrospective approach, with the cumulative-effect adjustment recognized to retained earnings at the beginning of 

76 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

the period of adoption. Entities are also required to provide disclosures about a change in accounting principle in the 
period of adoption. The Company adopted  ASU 2017 - 08 effective January 1, 2019 with no material impact on our 
financial statements or operations. 

In  February 2018  the  FASB  issued  ASU  2018 - 02,  Income  Statement -  Reporting  Comprehensive  Income 
(Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income  This ASU 
requires a reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) to retained earnings for stranded 
tax effects resulting from the newly enacted federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 
(Tax Act), which was enacted on December 22, 2017. The Tax Act included a reduction to the corporate income tax 
rate  from  35 percent  to  21 percent  effective  January 1,  2018.  The  amount  of  the  reclassification  would  be  the 
difference between the historical corporate income tax rate and the newly enacted 21 percent corporate income tax 
rate.  The  amendments  in  this  ASU  are  effective  for  fiscal years  beginning  after  December 15,  2018,  including 
interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. We have adopted the guidance during the first 
quarter of 2018, retrospectively to December 31, 2017. The change in accounting principle will be accounted for as 
a  cumulative-effect  adjustment  to  the  balance  sheet  resulting  in  a  $413,000  increase  to  retained  earnings  and  a 
corresponding decrease to AOCI on December 31, 2017. 

In August 2018 the FASB issued ASU 2018 - 13, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – 
Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement, as part of its disclosure framework project. 
Pursuant to this guidance, disclosures that will no longer be required include the following:  transfers between Level 
1 and Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy; transfers in and out of Level 3 for nonpublic entities, as well as purchases 
and issuances and the Level 3 roll forward; a company’s policy for determining when transfers between any of the 
three levels have occurred; the valuation processes used for Level 3 measurements; and, the changes in unrealized 
gains or losses presented in earnings for Level 3 instruments held at the balance sheet date for nonpublic entities. 
The following are additional disclosure requirements:  for public entities, the changes in unrealized gains and losses 
for the period included in other comprehensive income for recurring Level 3 instruments held at the balance sheet 
date;  for  public  entities,  the  range  and  weighted  average  of  significant  unobservable  inputs  used  for  Level  3 
measurements,  although  for  certain  unobservable  inputs  the  entity  will  be  allowed  to  disclose  other  quantitative 
information in place of the weighted average to the extent that it would be a more reasonable and rational method to 
reflect the distribution of unobservable inputs; for nonpublic entities, some form of quantitative information about 
significant unobservable inputs used in Level 3 fair value measurements; and, for certain investments in entities that 
calculate the net asset value, disclosures will be required about the timing of liquidation and redemption restrictions 
lapsing  if  the  latter  has  been  communicated  to  the  reporting  entity.  The  guidance  also  clarifies  that  the  Level  3 
measurement uncertainty disclosure should communicate information about the uncertainty at the balance sheet date. 
ASU  2018 - 13  is  effective  for  all  entities  in  fiscal years  beginning  after  December 15,  2019,  including  interim 
periods.  Early  adoption  is  permitted.  In  addition,  an  entity  may  early  adopt  any  of  the  removed  or  modified 
disclosures immediately and delay adoption of the new disclosures until the effective date.  The Company adopted 
ASU 2018-13 effective January 1, 2020 which impacts the disclosure requirements for fair value measurement. 

In May 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-05, Financial Instruments—Credit Losses (Topic 326), which provides 
transition relief for entities adopting ASU 2016-13.  ASU 2019-05 amends ASU 2016-13 to allow companies to 
irrevocably  elect,  upon  adoption  of  ASU  2016-13,  the  fair  value  option  on  financial  instruments  that  (1)  were 
previously recorded at amortized cost and (2) are within the scope of ASC 326-20 if the instruments are eligible for 
the fair value option under ASC 825-10.  An entity will apply the amendments in this update through a cumulative-
effect  adjustment  to  retained  earnings  as  of  the  beginning  of  the  first  reporting  period  in  which  the  guidance  is 
effective  (that  is,  a  modified-retrospective  approach).    A  prospective  transition  approach  is  required  for  debt 
securities for which an other-than-temporary impairment had been recognized before the effective date, in order to 
maintain  the  same  amortized  cost  basis  before  and  after  the  effective  date  of  this  update.    Amounts  previously 
recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income as of the date of adoption that relate to improvements in 

77 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

cash flows expected to be collected should continue to be accreted into income over the remaining life of the asset.  
Recoveries of amounts previously written off relating to improvements in cash flows after the date of adoption should 
be  recorded  in  earnings  when  received.    The  fair  value  option  election  does  not  apply  to  held-to-maturity  debt 
securities.  Entities are required to make this election on an instrument-by-instrument basis.  For public business 
entities that are SEC filers, including the Company, the amendments in ASU 2019-05 are effective for fiscal years 
beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years. The Company has evaluated 
the potential impact of this guidance, and does not expect the adoption of ASU 2019-05 to have a material impact 
on our financial statements or operations. 

3.       SECURITIES AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE 

The amortized cost and fair value of the securities available-for-sale are as follows (dollars in thousands): 

December 31, 2019 

U.S. government agencies  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Mortgage-backed securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
State and political subdivisions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Total securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 12,125   $ 
 398,353  
 181,900  
 592,378   $ 

 124   $ 

 3,354  
 6,478  
 9,956   $ 

Amortized 
Cost 

Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains 

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses 

 (104)  $ 

      Fair Value 
 12,145 
 400,389 
 188,265 
 (1,535)  $   600,799 

 (1,318) 
 (113) 

U.S. government agencies  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Mortgage-backed securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
State and political subdivisions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Total securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 15,553   $ 
 414,208  
 140,181  
 569,942   $ 

 12   $ 

 398  
 1,206  
 1,616   $ 

Amortized 
Cost 

Gross 
Unrealized 
Gains 

Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses 

 (353)  $ 

      Fair Value 
 15,212 
 404,733 
 140,534 
 (11,079)  $   560,479 

 (9,873) 
 (853) 

December 31, 2018 

For the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, proceeds from sales of securities available-for-sale were 
$60.5 million, $6.8 million, and $40.2 million, respectively. Gains and losses on the sale of investment securities 
are recorded on the trade date and are determined using the specific identification method. 

Gross  gains  and  losses  from  the  sales  and  calls  of  securities  for  the years  ended  were  as  follows  (dollars  in 
thousands): 

Gross gains on sales and calls of securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $   230   $ 
Gross losses on sales and calls of securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net (losses) gains on sales and calls of securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  (198)  $ 

 (428) 

      2019 

December 31, 
      2018 

      2017 
 21   $  1,024 
 (524)
 (19) 
 500 

 2   $ 

The  Company  has  reviewed  all  sectors  and  securities  in  the  portfolio  for  impairment.  During  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2019 the Company realized gains through earnings from the sale and call of 74 debt securities for 

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SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

$230,000. The securities were sold with 108 other debt securities, for which a $428,000 loss was realized, to improve 
the structure of the portfolio at year end. During the year ended December 31, 2018, the Company realized gains 
through earnings from the sale and call of 11 debt securities for $21,000. The securities were sold with 8 other debt 
securities, for which a $19,000 loss was realized, to improve the structure of the portfolio at year-end. 

At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company had 198 and 552 securities with unrealized gross losses, respectively. 
Information  pertaining  to  these  securities  aggregated  by  investment  category  and  length  of  time  that  individual 
securities have been in a continuous loss position, follows (dollars in thousands): 

December 31, 2019 

Less than twelve months 
Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses 

Fair Value 

Twelve months or longer 
Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses 

      Fair Value 

U.S. government agencies  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Mortgage-backed securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
State and political subdivisions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Total  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 (32)  $ 

 (494) 
 (113) 
 (639)  $ 

 3,240   $ 

 100,518  
 19,762  
 123,520   $ 

 (72)  $ 

 (824) 
 —  
 (896)  $ 

 2,689 
 78,538 
 — 
 81,227 

December 31, 2018 

Less than twelve months 
Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses 

Fair Value 

Twelve months or longer 
Gross 
Unrealized 
Losses 

      Fair Value 

U.S. government agencies  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Mortgage-backed securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
State and political subdivisions  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Total  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 (54)  $ 

 (717) 
 (249) 
 (1,020)  $ 

 2,815   $ 
 69,686  
 33,864  
 106,365   $ 

 (299)  $ 

 (9,156) 
 (604) 
 (10,059)  $ 

 10,764 
 273,230 
 22,213 
 306,207 

The Company has concluded as of December 31, 2019 that all remaining securities, currently in an unrealized loss 
position,  are  not  other-than-temporarily-impaired.  This  assessment  was  based  on  the  following  factors:  1)  the 
Company has the ability to hold the securities, 2) the Company does not intend to sell the securities, 3) the Company 
does not anticipate it will be required to sell the securities before recovery, 4) and the Company expects to eventually 
recover the entire amortized cost basis of the securities. 

The amortized cost and estimated fair value of securities available-for-sale at December 31, 2019 by contractual 
maturity are shown below. Expected maturities will differ from contractual maturities because the issuers of the 
securities may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without penalties (dollars in thousands): 

Maturing within one year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Maturing after one year through five years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Maturing after five years through ten years  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Maturing after ten years . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Mortgage-backed securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Collateralized mortgage obligations  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

    Amortized Cost      Fair Value 
 7,155   $  7,244 
 17,171 
 17,008  
 33,805  
 34,881 
   141,114 
 136,057  
   190,488 
 189,554  
 208,799  
   209,901 
 592,378   $ 600,799 

  $ 

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SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

Securities  available-for-sale  with  amortized  costs  totaling  $232,969,000  and  estimated  fair  values  totaling 
$234,787,000  were  pledged  to  secure  other  contractual  obligations  and  short-term  borrowing  arrangements  at 
December 31, 2019 (see Note 10). 

Securities  available-for-sale  with  amortized  costs  totaling  $222,548,000  and  estimated  fair  values  totaling 
$217,421,000  were  pledged  to  secure  other  contractual  obligations  and  short-term  borrowing  arrangements  at 
December 31, 2018 (see Note 10). 

At December 31, 2019, the Company’s investment portfolio included securities issued by 298 different government 
municipalities and agencies located within 31 states with a fair value of $188,265,000. The largest exposure to any 
single municipality or agency was $2.2 million (fair value) in five bonds issued for the renovation, modernization 
and  construction  of  various  school  facilities  by  the  Lindsay  Unified  School  District,  to  be  repaid  by  future  tax 
revenues. 

The Company’s investments in bonds issued by states, municipalities and political subdivisions are evaluated in 
accordance  with  Supervision  and  Regulation  Letter  12 - 15  (SR  12 - 15)  issued  by  the  Board  of  Governors  of  the 
Federal  Reserve  System,  “Investing  in  Securities  without  Reliance  on  Nationally  Recognized  Statistical  Rating 
Organization Ratings”, and other regulatory guidance. Credit ratings are considered in our analysis only as a guide 
to the historical default rate associated with similarly-rated bonds. There have been no significant differences in our 
internal analyses compared with the ratings assigned by the third party credit rating agencies. 

The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair values of general obligation and revenue bonds in the 
Company’s  investment  securities  portfolio  at  the  indicated  dates,  identifying  the  state  in  which  the  issuing 
municipality or agency operates for our largest geographic concentrations (dollars in thousands): 

December 31, 2019 

December 31, 2018 

     Amortized Cost       Fair Value 

     Amortized Cost       Fair Value 

General obligation bonds 
State of Issuance: 
Texas  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      $ 
Washington  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
California . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Other (23 and 22 states, respectively) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Total general obligation bonds  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     

 59,439   $ 
 23,392  
 23,882  
 7,144  
 42,182  
 156,039  

 61,519   $ 
 24,313  
 25,030  
 7,271  
 43,454  
 161,587  

 36,331   $ 
 16,036  
 26,928  
 8,639  
 28,357  
 116,291  

 36,199 
 16,062 
 27,357 
 8,601 
 28,414 
 116,633 

Revenue bonds 
State of Issuance: 
Texas  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Washington  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
California . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Ohio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Other (12 and 12 states, respectively) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Total revenue bonds  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Total obligations of states and political subdivisions . . . .      $ 

6,035  
 1,737  
 365  
 2,069  
 15,655  
 25,861  
 181,900   $ 

 6,298  
1,856  
 380  
 2,066  
 16,078  
 26,678  
 188,265   $ 

 7,506 
 7,526  
 1,780 
 1,751  
 374 
 367  
 —  
 — 
 14,241 
 14,246  
 23,890  
 23,901 
 140,181   $   140,534 

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SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

The following table summarizes the amortized cost and fair value of revenue bonds in the Company’s investment 
securities  portfolio  at  the  indicated  dates,  identifying  the  revenue  source  of  repayment  for  our  largest  source 
concentrations (dollars in thousands): 

December 31, 2019 

December 31, 2018 

      Amortized Cost       

Fair Value 

      Amortized Cost        Fair Value 

Revenue bonds 
Revenue Source: 
Water . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Sewer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
College & university . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Sales tax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Electric & power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     
Lease  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Other (9 and 12 sources, respectively) . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total revenue bonds  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 

 7,515   $ 
 4,760  
 1,997  
 1,949  
 1,421  
 3,596  
 4,623  
 25,861   $ 

 7,775   $ 
 4,811  
 2,019  
 1,995  
 1,521  
 3,678  
 4,879  
 26,678   $ 

 6,942   $ 
 1,392  
 2,583  
 2,932  
 1,027  
 2,053  
 6,961  
 23,890   $ 

 6,946 
 1,398 
 2,604 
 2,901 
 1,047 
 2,068 
 6,937 
 23,901 

4.       LOANS AND LEASES 

The composition of the loan and lease portfolio is as follows (dollars in thousands): 

December 31,  

2019 

2018 

Real estate: 

Secured by commercial and professional office properties, 
including construction and  development . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  847,865   $  848,691 
Secured by residential properties . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 453,698 
Secured by farm land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 151,541 
   1,453,930 
Total real estate loans  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 49,103 
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 128,220 
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Mortgage warehouse lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 91,813 
Consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 8,862 
   1,731,928 
Total loans  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 2,602 
Deferred loan and lease origination cost, net  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
 (9,750)
Allowance for loan and lease losses  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Loans, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 1,755,538   $ 1,724,780 

 410,216  
 144,033  
   1,402,114  
 48,036  
 115,532  
 189,103  
 7,780  
   1,762,565  
 2,896  
 (9,923)  

The  Company  monitors  the  credit  quality  of  loans  on  a  continuous  basis  using  the  regulatory  and  accounting 
classifications of pass, special mention, substandard and impaired to characterize and qualify the associated credit 
risk. Loans classified as “loss” are immediately charged-off. The Company uses the following definitions of risk 
classifications: 

Pass –  Loans  listed  as  pass  include  larger  non-homogeneous  loans  not  meeting  the  risk  rating  definitions 

below and smaller, homogeneous loans not assessed on an individual basis. 

Special  Mention –  Loans  classified  as  special  mention  have  the  potential  weakness  that  deserves 
management’s  close  attention.  If  left  uncorrected,  these  potential  weaknesses  may  result  in  deterioration  of  the 
repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position and some future date. 

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

Substandard – Loans classified as substandard are those loans with clear and well-defined weaknesses such 
as a highly leveraged position, unfavorable financial operating results and/or trends, or uncertain repayment sources 
or poor financial condition, which may jeopardize ultimate recoverability of the debt. 

Impaired – A loan is considered impaired, when, based on current information and events, it is probable that 
the Company will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. 
Additionally, all loans classified as troubled debt restructurings are considered impaired. 

Credit quality classifications as of December 31, 2019 were as follows (dollars in thousands): 

Real estate: 

Pass 

Special 
Mention 

     Substandard      Impaired       

Total 

 —   $ 

 —   $ 
 —  
 164  
 72  
 —  
 3,384  
 11  
 132  
 3,763  
 —  
 556  
 —  
 25  

 105,979 
 91,413 
 554  
 200,181 
 3,020  
 49,599 
 4,421  
 54,457 
 353  
 343,883 
 2,034  
 412,569 
 2,105  
 144,033 
 259  
   1,402,114 
 12,746  
 48,036 
 5  
 115,532 
 977  
 189,103 
 —  
 7,780 
 425  
 4,344   $   14,153   $  1,762,565 

1-4 family residential construction . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Other construction/land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
1-4 family - closed-end  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Multi-family residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Commercial real estate owner occupied . . . . . . . .    
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied . . . .    
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Mortgage warehouse lines  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total gross loans and leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  1,719,616   $   24,452   $ 

 105,979   $ 
 90,761  
 194,572  
 43,111  
 54,104  
 334,460  
 409,289  
 142,594  
   1,374,870  
 47,814  
 100,584  
 189,103  
 7,245  

 —   $ 
 98  
 2,425  
 1,995  
 —  
 4,005  
 1,164  
 1,048  
 10,735  
 217  
 13,415  
 —  
 85  

82 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

Credit quality classifications as of December 31, 2018 were as follows (dollars in thousands): 

Real estate: 

Pass 

Special 
Mention 

     Substandard      Impaired       

Total 

 —   $ 

1-4 family residential construction . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  105,676   $ 
Other construction/land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
1-4 family - closed-end  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Multi-family residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Commercial real estate owner occupied . . . . . . . .    
Commercial real estate non-owner occupied . . . .    
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Mortgage warehouse lines  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total gross loans and leases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 1,677,847   $   28,698   $ 

 108,304  
 230,022  
 49,346  
 54,504  
 292,886  
 429,835  
 148,680  
   1,419,253  
 48,517  
 110,413  
 91,813  
 7,851  

 231  
 1,861  
 2,194  
 —  
 4,192  
 2,730  
 1,073  
 12,281  
 580  
 15,686  
 —  
 151  

 —   $ 

 —   $ 
 —  
 1,310  
 64  
 —  
 3,021  
 4,354  
 146  
 8,895  
 —  
 377  
 —  
 39  

 105,676 
 109,023 
 488  
 236,825 
 3,632  
 56,320 
 4,716  
 54,877 
 373  
 301,324 
 1,225  
 438,344 
 1,425  
 151,541 
 1,642  
   1,453,930 
 13,501  
 49,103 
 6  
 128,220 
 1,744  
 91,813 
 —  
 8,862 
 821  
 9,311   $   16,072   $  1,731,928 

Loans may or may not be collateralized, and collection efforts are continuously pursued. Loans or leases may be 
restructured by management when a borrower has experienced some change in financial status causing an inability 
to meet the original repayment terms and where the Company believes the borrower will eventually overcome those 
circumstances and make full restitution. Loans and leases are charged off when they are deemed to be uncollectible, 
while recoveries are generally recorded only when cash payments are received subsequent to the charge-off. 

The following tables present the activity in the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment in loans and 
impairment method by portfolio segment for each of the years ending December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017 (dollars 
in thousands): 

     Real Estate      Agricultural       Industrial (1) 

     Consumer      Unallocated       Total 

  Commercial and  

Allowance for credit losses: 
Balance, December 31, 2016 . . . . . . . . . . . .     $   3,548  
 (101) 
 2,235  
 (896) 
 4,786  
   (2,474) 
 374  
 3,145  
 5,831  
   (1,190) 
 647  
 347  

Charge-offs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Recoveries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Balance, December 31, 2017 . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Charge-offs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Recoveries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Balance, December 31, 2018 . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Charge-offs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Recoveries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Provision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

Balance, December 31, 2019 . . . . . . . . . . . .     $   5,635   $ 

 209  
 (154) 
 5  
 148  
 208  
 —  
 23  
 25  
 256  
 —  
 —  
 (63) 
 193   $ 

 4,279  
 (669)  
 310  
 (1,148)  
 2,772  
 (608)  
 148  
 82  
 2,394  
 (1,274)  
 690  
 875  

 1,208  
   (2,161)  
 1,017  
 1,167  
 1,231  
   (2,226)  
 1,120  
 1,114  
 1,239  
   (2,409)  
 1,159  
 1,289  

 2,685   $  1,278   $ 

 9,701 
 457  
   (3,085)
 —  
 —  
 3,567 
   (1,140)
 (411) 
 9,043 
 46  
   (5,308)
 —  
 —  
 1,665 
 4,350 
 (16) 
 9,750 
 30  
   (4,873)
 —  
 2,496 
 —  
 102  
 2,550 
 132   $  9,923 

(1) 

Includes mortgage warehouse lines 

83 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

Loans evaluated for impairment: 

December 31, 2019 

December 31, 2018 

December 31, 2017 

    Individually      Collectively      Individually      Collectively      Individually      Collectively 
Real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $   12,745   $ 1,389,368   $   13,501   $ 1,440,429   $   13,072   $ 1,213,644 
 46,796 
Agricultural  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial and industrial (1) . . . . . . . .   
 271,618 
Consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 9,349 
Total loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $   14,152   $ 1,748,412   $   16,072   $ 1,715,856   $   16,413   $ 1,541,407 

 49,097  
 218,289  
 8,041  

 48,031  
 303,658  
 7,355  

 —  
 2,064  
 1,277  

 6  
 1,744  
 821  

 5  
 977  
 425  

(2) 

Includes mortgage warehouse lines 

Reserves based on method of evaluation for impairment: 

December 31, 2019 

December 31, 2018 

December 31, 2017 

      Specific 

      General 

      Specific 

      General 

      Specific 

      General 

Real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Agricultural  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial and industrial (1) . . . . . . . . .   
Consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Unallocated  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total loan loss reserves . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 493   $ 
 1  
 219  
 114  
 —  
 827   $ 

 5,142   $ 
 192  
 2,466  
 1,164  
 132  
 9,096   $ 

 937   $ 
 2  
 918  
 151  
 —  
 2,008   $ 

 4,894   $ 
 254  
 1,476  
 1,088  
 30  
 7,742   $ 

 728   $ 
 —  
 188  
 237  
 —  
 1,153   $ 

 4,058 
 208 
 2,584 
 994 
 46 
 7,890 

(1) 

Includes mortgage warehouse lines 

84 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

The following tables present the recorded investment in  nonaccrual loans and loans past due over 30 days as of 
December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands, except footnotes): 

December 31, 2019 

Real Estate: 

  30-59 Days    60-89 Days    
     Past Due     Past Due      Due(2) 

90 Days Or 
 More Past     

   Total Past Due     Current 

    Total Financing   
    Receivables 

Non-
Accrual  
    Loans(1) 

1-4 family residential 
construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Other construction/land . . . . .      
1-4 family - closed-end  . . . . .      
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Multi-family residential . . . . .      
Commercial real estate 
owner occupied . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial real estate 
non- owner occupied . . . . . . . .      
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Total real estate loans . . . .      

 —   $ 
 16    
 485    
 177    
 —    

 —   $ 
 —    
 380    
 10    
 —    

 —   $ 
 —    
 659    
 78    
 —    

 —   $  105,979   $ 
 91,397    
 16    
 198,657    
 1,524    
 49,334    
 265    
 54,457    
 —    

 105,979   $
 91,413    
 200,181    
 49,599    
 54,457    

 — 
 31 
 741 
 480 
 — 

 1,552    

 —    

 88    

 1,640    

 342,243    

 343,883      1,440 

 500    
 —    
 2,730    

 —    
 —    
 390    

 1,605    
 —    
 2,430    

 2,105    
 —    

 410,464    
 144,033    
 5,550      1,396,564    

 412,569      2,105 
 258 
 144,033    
 1,402,114      5,055 

 —    
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
 160    
Commercial and industrial . . . . .      
 —    
Mortgage warehouse lines  . . . . .      
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
 55    
Total gross loans and leases . . . .     $   2,945   $ 

 —    
 215    
 —    
 12    
 617   $ 

 —    
 —    
 —    
 2    
 2,432   $ 

 —    
 375    
 —    
 69    

 — 
 651 
 — 
 31 
 5,994   $ 1,756,571   $   1,762,565   $ 5,737 

 48,036    
 115,532    
 189,103    
 7,780    

 48,036    
 115,157    
 189,103    
 7,711    

Included in Total Financing Receivables 

(1) 
(2)  As of December 31, 2019 there were no loans over 90 days past due and still accruing. 

85 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
   
    
   
    
    
    
    
  
   
    
   
    
    
    
    
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

December 31, 2018 

Real Estate: 

  30-59 Days    60-89 Days    
     Past Due     Past Due      Due(2) 

90 Days Or 
 More Past     

   Total Past Due     Current 

    Total Financing   
    Receivables 

Non-
Accrual  
    Loans(1) 

1-4 family residential 
construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Other construction/land . . . . .      
1-4 family - closed-end  . . . . .      
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Multi-family residential . . . . .      
Commercial real estate 
owner occupied . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial real estate 
non- owner occupied . . . . . . . .      
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Total real estate loans . . . .      

 —  $ 

 210 
 319 
 1,471 
 — 

 183 

 49 
 1,555 
 3,787 

 —  $ 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

 —  $ 
 27 
 775 
 57 
 — 

 —  $  105,676  $ 

 237 
 1,094 
 1,528 
 — 

 108,786 
 235,731 
 54,792 
 54,877 

 105,676  $
 109,023 
 236,825 
 56,320 
 54,877 

 — 
 82 
 799 
 408 
 — 

 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 

 102 

 — 
 — 
 961 

 285 

 301,039 

 301,324 

 605 

 49 
 1,555 
 4,748 

 438,295 
 149,986 
   1,449,182 

 438,344 
 151,541 
 1,453,930 

 49 
   1,642 
   3,585 

Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial and industrial . . . . .      
Mortgage warehouse lines  . . . . .      
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Total gross loans and leases . . . .     $   5,449  $ 

 — 
 1,567 
 — 
 95 

 — 
 83 
 — 
 45 
 128  $ 

 — 
 886 
 — 
 56 
 1,903  $ 

 — 
 2,536 
 — 
 196 

 — 
   1,425 
 — 
 146 
 7,480  $ 1,724,448  $   1,731,928  $ 5,156 

 49,103 
 128,220 
 91,813 
 8,862 

 49,103 
 125,684 
 91,813 
 8,666 

Included in Total Financing Receivables 

(1) 
(2)  As of December 31, 2018 there were no loans over 90 days past due and still accruing. 

Generally, the Company places a loan or lease on nonaccrual status and ceases recognizing interest income when it 
has become delinquent more than 90 days and/or when Management determines that the repayment of principal and 
collection of interest is unlikely. The Company may decide that it is appropriate to continue to accrue interest on 
certain loans more than 90 days delinquent if they are well-secured by collateral and collection is in process. When 
a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, any accrued but uncollected interest for the loan is reversed out of interest 
income  in  the  period  in  which  the  loan’s  status  changed.  Subsequent  payments  received  from  the  customer  are 
applied to principal, and no further interest income is recognized until the principal has been paid in full or until 
circumstances have changed such that payments are again consistently received as contractually required. 

86 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
   
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

Individually impaired loans as of December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 were as follows (dollars in thousands): 

  Unpaid Principal   Recorded    

  Average Recorded   Interest Income 

Balance(1) 

   Investment(2)   Related Allowance   

Investment 

    Recognized(3) 

December 31, 2019 

With an Allowance Recorded 
Real estate: 

1-4 family residential construction . . .     $ 
Other construction/land . . . . . . . . . . . .      
1-4 family - closed-end  . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Multifamily residential . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial real estate - owner 
occupied  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial real estate - non- owner 
occupied  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Total real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      

With no Related Allowance Recorded 
Real estate: 

1-4 family residential construction . . .     $ 
Other construction/land . . . . . . . . . . . .      
1-4 family - closed-end  . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Multifamily residential . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial real estate - owner 
occupied  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial real estate - non- owner 
occupied  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Total real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      

Total  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 

 —   $ 
 656    
 2,298    
 4,173    
 353    

 —   $ 
 537    
 2,298    
 4,120    
 353    

 —   $ 
 157    
 58    
 252    
 17    

 —   $ 
 563    
 2,365    
 4,185    
 361    

 593    

 593    

 6    

 606    

 —    
 237    
 8,310    
 5    
 915    
 464    
 9,694    

 —    
 237    
 8,138    
 5    
 896    
 425    
 9,464    

 —   $ 
 52    
 755    
 326    
 —    

 —   $ 
 17    
 722    
 301    
 —    

 —    
 3    
 493    
 1    
 219    
 114    
 827    

 —   $ 
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    

 —    
 256    
 8,336    
 6    
 1,140    
 469    
 9,951    

 —   $ 
 577    
 726    
 310    
 —    

 1,560    

 1,440    

 —    

 1,477    

 2,105    
 3,295    
 22    
 22    
 4,607    
 6,010    
 —    
 —    
 81    
 102    
 —    
 9    
 6,121    
 4,688    
 15,815   $   14,152   $ 

 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 827   $ 

 3,267    
 25    
 6,382    
 —    
 162    
 140    
 6,684    
 16,635   $ 

 — 
 32 
 146 
 200 
 23 

 38 

 — 
 — 
 439 
 — 
 29 
 35 
 503 

 — 
 4 
 — 
 5 
 — 

 — 

 — 
 — 
 9 
 — 
 — 
 15 
 24 
 527 

(1)  Contractual principal balance due from customer. 
(2)  Principal balance on Company’s books, less any direct charge offs. 
(3) 

Interest income is recognized on performing balances on a regular accrual basis. 

87 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
     
     
   
 
     
     
     
     
   
 
     
  
   
     
     
     
   
 
     
     
     
     
   
 
     
  
   
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

  Unpaid Principal   Recorded    

  Average Recorded   Interest Income 

Balance(1) 

   Investment(2)   Related Allowance   

Investment 

    Recognized(3) 

December 31, 2018 

With an Allowance Recorded 
Real estate: 

1-4 family residential construction . . .     $ 
Other construction/land . . . . . . . . . . . .      
1-4 family - closed-end  . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Multifamily residential . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial real estate- owner 
occupied  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial real estate- non-owner 
occupied  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Total real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      

With no Related Allowance Recorded 
Real estate: 

1-4 family residential construction . . .     $ 
Other construction/land . . . . . . . . . . . .      
1-4 family - closed-end  . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Equity Lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Multifamily residential . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial real estate- owner 
occupied  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial real estate- non-owner 
occupied  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Total real estate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Agricultural . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . .      
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      

Total  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 

 —   $ 
 593    
 3,325    
 4,603    
 373    

 —   $ 
 438    
 3,325    
 4,550    
 373    

 —   $ 
 44    
 75    
 656    
 25    

 —   $ 
 648    
 3,182    
 4,368    
 359    

 842    

 723    

 135    

 740    

 1,572    
 —    
 11,308    
 6    
 1,724    
 813    
 13,851    

 1,425    
 —    
 10,834    
 6    
 1,534    
 764    
 13,138    

 3    
 —    
 938    
 1    
 918    
 151    
 2,008    

 1,644    
 —    
 10,941    
 6    
 1,965    
 909    
 13,821    

 —   $ 
 54    
 357    
 224    
 —    

 —   $ 
 50    
 307    
 166    
 —    

 —   $ 
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    

 —   $ 
 58    
 375    
 221    
 —    

 502    

 502    

 —    

 478    

 —    
 —    
 1,642    
 1,642    
 2,667    
 2,779    
 —    
 —    
 211    
 238    
 56    
 182    
 3,199    
 2,934    
 17,050   $   16,072   $ 

 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 —    
 2,008   $ 

 —    
 1,538    
 2,670    
 —    
 838    
 273    
 3,781    
 17,602   $ 

 — 
 40 
 175 
 206 
 20 

 40 

 107 
 — 
 588 
 — 
 40 
 61 
 689 

 — 
 — 
 3 
 — 
 — 

 — 

 — 
 — 
 3 
 — 
 — 
 1 
 4 
 693 

(1)  Contractual principal balance due from customer. 
(2)  Principal balance on Company’s books, less any direct charge offs. 
(3) 

Interest income is recognized on performing balances on a regular accrual basis. 

Included in loans above are troubled debt restructurings that were classified as impaired. The Company had $470,000 
and $602,000 in commercial loans, $8,179,000 and $10,630,000 in real estate secured loans and $407,000 and  

88 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
     
     
     
   
 
     
     
     
     
   
 
     
  
   
     
     
     
   
 
     
     
     
     
   
 
     
  
   
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

$705,000 in consumer loans, which were modified as troubled debt restructurings and consequently classified as 
impaired at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Additional  commitments  to  existing  customers  with  restructured  loans  totaled  $37,000  and  $1,834,000  at 
December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Interest  income  recognized  on  impaired  loans  was  $527,000,  $693,000,  and  $784,000,  for  the years  ended 
December 31,  2019,  2018,  and  2017,  respectively.  There  was  no  interest  income  recognized  on  a  cash  basis  on 
impaired loans for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. 

The  following  is  a  summary  of  interest  income  from  non-accrual  loans in  the portfolio  at year-end  that  was not 
recognized (dollars in thousands): 

  Years Ended December 31, 
     2019        2018       2017 

Interest that would have been recorded under the loans’  
original terms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  650   $  484   $  361 
 103 
Less gross interest recorded . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Foregone interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  361   $  317   $  258 

   167  

   289  

Certain loans have been pledged to secure short-term borrowing arrangements (see Note 10). These loans totaled 
$777,685,000 and $804,705,000 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Salaries and employee benefits totaling $3,678,000, $4,173,000, and $3,854,000, have been deferred as loan and 
lease origination costs to be amortized over the estimated lives of the related loans and leases for the years ended 
December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. 

During the periods ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the terms of certain loans were modified as troubled debt 
restructurings.  Types  of  modifications  applied  to  these  loans  include  a  reduction  of  the  stated  interest  rate,  a 
modification of term, an agreement to collect only interest rather than principal and interest for a specified period, 
or any combination thereof. 

89 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

The  following  tables  present  troubled  debt  restructurings  by  type  of  modification  during  the  period  ending 
December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands): 

December 31, 2019 

Rate 

Term 

  Interest Only 

  Rate & Term 

       Modification         Modification         Modification        Modification       

Total 

Troubled debt restructurings 
Real estate: 

Other construction/land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
1-4 family - closed-end  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Multi-family residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial real estate owner occupied . .   
Commercial real estate non-owner 
occupied  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total real estate loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Agricultural  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

  $ 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 94 
 — 
 94 

$ 

$ 

 163 
 — 
 344 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 507 

 — 
 255 
 9 
 771 

$ 

$ 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 52 
 50 
 102 

$ 

 163 
 — 
 344 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 507 

 — 
 401 
 59 
 967 

December 31, 2018 

Rate 

Term 

  Interest Only 

  Rate & Term 

       Modification         Modification         Modification        Modification       

Total 

Troubled debt restructurings 
Real estate: 

Other construction/land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
1-4 family - closed-end  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Multi-family residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial real estate owner occupied . .   
Commercial real estate non-owner 
occupied  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total real estate loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Agricultural  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

  $ 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

$ 

$ 

 — 
 — 
 460 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 460 

 7 
 73 
 — 
 540 

$ 

$ 

 — 
 — 
 504 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 504 

 — 
 25 
 10 
 539 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 964 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 964 

 — 
 225 
 — 
 225 

$ 

 7 
 323 
 10 
 1,304 

90 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

The  following  tables  present  loans  by  class  modified  as  troubled  debt  restructurings  including  any  subsequent 
defaults during the period ending December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018 (dollars in thousands): 

December 31, 2019 
Real estate: 

Other construction/land  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
1-4 family - closed-end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Multi-family residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial real estate - owner occupied . . . . . . . .   
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied . . . .   
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total real estate loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Agricultural  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial and industrial  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Pre-
Modification 
  Outstanding  

Post-
Modification 
  Outstanding  

Number of 
 Loans 

Recorded  
Investment 

Recorded  
Investment 

Reserve  

      Difference(1) 

 1 
 — 
 2 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 7 
 2 

$ 

$ 

 163 
 — 
 344 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 507 

 — 
 401 
 59 
 967 

$ 

$ 

 163 
 — 
 344 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 507 

 — 
 401 
 59 
 967 

$ 

$ 

 74 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 74 

 — 
 (59)
 (47)
 (32)

(1)  This represents the increase or (decrease) in the allowance for loans and lease losses reserve for these credits measured 
as  the  difference  between  the  specific  post-modification  impairment  reserve  and  the  pre-modification  reserve 
calculated under our general allowance for loan loss methodology. 

December 31, 2018 
Real estate: 

Other construction/land  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
1-4 family - closed-end . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Equity lines . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Multi-family residential . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial real estate - owner occupied . . . . . . . .   
Commercial real estate - non-owner occupied . . . .   
Farmland . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total real estate loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Agricultural  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Commercial and industrial  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Consumer loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Pre-
Modification 
  Outstanding  

Post-
Modification 
  Outstanding  

  Number of 

 Loans 

Recorded  
Investment 

Recorded  
Investment 

Reserve  

      Difference(1) 

 — 
 — 
 8 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

 1 
 4 
 1 

$ 

$ 

$ 

 — 
 — 
 964 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 964 

$ 

 — 
 — 
 964 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 964 

 7 
 323 
 10 
 1,304 

$ 

 7 
 323 
 10 
 1,304 

$ 

 — 
 — 
 4 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 
 4 

 2 
 — 
 — 
 6 

(1)  This represents the increase or (decrease) in the allowance for loans and lease losses reserve for these credits measured 
as  the  difference  between  the  specific  post-modification  impairment  reserve  and  the  pre-modification  reserve 
calculated under our general allowance for loan loss methodology. 

91 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

In the tables above, there were no TDRs that subsequently defaulted necessitating an increase in the allowance for 
loan and lease losses for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. The total allowance for loan and lease losses 
specifically allocated to the balances that were classified as TDRs during the year ended December 31, 2019 and 
2018 is $648,000 and $1,048,000, respectively. 

Purchased Credit Impaired Loans 

As part of the acquisitions described in Note 22 Business Combinations, the Company has purchased loans, some 
of which have shown evidence of credit deterioration since origination and it was probable at acquisition that all 
contractually required payments would not be collected. The carrying amount and unpaid principal balance of those 
loans are as follows (dollars in thousands): 

      Unpaid Principal Balance      

Carrying Value 

December 31, 2019 

Real estate secured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total purchased credit impaired loans . . . . . .     $ 

 88 
 — 
 — 
 88 

 $ 

 $ 

      Unpaid Principal Balance      

Carrying Value 

December 31, 2018 

Real estate secured . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Commercial and industrial . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Consumer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total purchased credit impaired loans . . . . . .     $ 

 103 
 — 
 — 
 103 

 $ 

 $ 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

For those purchased credit impaired loans disclosed above, the Company did not increase the allowance for loan 
losses during 2019, 2018 and 2017. There is no accretable yield, or income expected to be collected on these 
purchased credit impaired loans. During the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, there were no purchased 
credit impaired loans acquired. 

5.       PREMISES AND EQUIPMENT 

Premises and equipment at cost consisted of the following (dollars in thousands): 

Land . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Buildings and improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Furniture, fixtures and equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Leasehold improvements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

December 31, 

2019 
 5,751  $ 
 21,526 
 17,798 
 15,357 
 60,432 

2018 
 5,751 
 21,579 
 18,958 
 15,023 
 61,311 

Less accumulated depreciation and amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Construction in progress . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 33,041 
 44 

 32,712 
 901 
  $   27,435  $   29,500 

Depreciation and amortization included in occupancy and equipment expense totaled $2,810,000, $2,995,000, and 
$2,852,000, for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. 

92 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

6.     OPERATING LEASES 

We lease space under non-cancelable operating leases for 21 branch locations, three off-site ATM locations, one 
administrative building and a warehouse.  Many of our leases include both lease (e.g., fixed payments including 
rent,  taxes,  and  insurance  costs)  and  non-lease  components  (e.g.,  common-area  or  other  maintenance  costs).  
Payments for taxes and insurance as well as non-lease components are not included in the accounting of the lease 
component, but are separately accounted for in occupancy expense.  The Company recognized lease expense of 
$2.227 million for the year ended December 31, 2019.  On January 1, 2019, we adopted a new accounting standard 
which required the recognition of certain operating leases on our balance sheet as lease right–of-use assets (reported 
as a component of other assets) and related lease liabilities (reported as a component of other liabilities).  See Note 
2–Summary of Significant Accounting Policies.  Lease expense for the years ending December 31, 2018, and 2017 
prior to the adoption of ASU 2016 - 02, was $2.257 million and $2.482 million, respectively.  Most leases include 
one  or  more  renewal  options  available  to  exercise.    The  exercise  of  lease  renewal  options  is  typically  at  the 
Company’s sole discretion; therefore, the majority of renewals to extend the lease terms are not included in our 
right-of-use assets and lease liabilities as they are not reasonably certain of exercise.  We regularly evaluate the 
renewal options and when they are reasonably certain of exercise, we include the renewal period in our lease term.  
As most of our leases do not provide an implicit rate, we used our incremental borrowing rate in determining the 
present value of the lease payments. 

There were no sale and leaseback transactions, leveraged leases, or lease transactions with related parties during the 
year ending December 31, 2019. 

At December 31, 2019, the Company’s right-of-use assets and operating lease liabilities were $8.308 million and 
$8.915 million, respectively.  The weighted average remaining lease term for the lease liabilities was 7.1 years, and 
the weighted average discount rate of remaining payments was 5.5 percent.  There were no lease liabilities from 
new right-of-use assets obtained during the year ending December 31, 2019.  Cash paid on operating leases was 
$2.199 million for the year ending December 31, 2019. 

Future undiscounted lease payments for operating leases with initial terms of one year or more as of December 31, 
2019 are as follows (dollars in thousands): 

Year Ending December 31, 

2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $ 
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total undiscounted lease payments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Less: imputed interest . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net lease liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 2,235 
 2,023 
 1,574 
 1,113 
 749 
 3,196 
 10,890 
 (1,975)
 8,915 

The  Company  generally  has  options  to  renew  its  properties  facilities  after  the  initial  leases  expire.  The  renewal 
options range from one to ten years. 

93 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

7.       GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS 

Goodwill 

The change in goodwill during the year is as follows (dollars in thousands): 

Years Ended December 31, 
2018 

2017 

2019 

Balance at January 1 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 27,357 
 — 
Acquired goodwill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Impairment  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 — 
Balance at December 31 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 27,357 

 $ 27,357  $   8,268 
   19,089 
 — 
 $ 27,357  $  27,357 

 — 
 — 

Impairment exists when a reporting unit’s carrying value of goodwill exceeds its fair value. Bank of the Sierra (the 
“Bank”)  is  the  only  subsidiary  of  the  Company  that  meets  the  materiality  criteria  necessary  to  be  deemed  an 
operating segment, and because the Company exists primarily for the purpose of holding the stock of the Bank we 
have  determined  that  only  one  unified  operating  segment  (the  consolidated  Company)  exists.    At  December 31, 
2019, the Company had positive equity and the Company elected to perform a qualitative assessment to determine 
if it was more likely than not that the fair value of the Company exceeded its carrying value, including goodwill. 
The qualitative assessment indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit exceeded 
its carrying value, resulting in no impairment. 

Acquired Intangible Assets 

Acquired intangible assets were as follows at year-end (dollars in thousands): 

Years Ended December 31, 

2019 

2018 

Core deposit intangibles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 8,401  $ 

 3,020  $ 8,401  $ 

Gross 
Carrying 
Amount     

Accumulated 
Amortization     

Gross 
Carrying 
Amount     

Accumulated 
Amortization 
 1,946 

Aggregate amortization expense was $1,074,000, $1,020,000, and $508,000 for 2019, 2018, and 2017. 

Estimated amortization expense for each of the next five years and thereafter (dollars in thousands): 

2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $ 
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 
  $ 

 1,074 
 1,032 
 1,000 
 876 
 781 
 618 
 5,381 

94 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
    
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

8.       OTHER ASSETS 

Other assets consisted of the following (dollars in thousands): 

December 31, 

Accrued interest receivable  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Deferred tax assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Investment in qualified affordable housing projects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Investment in limited partnerships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Federal Home Loan Bank stock, at cost  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

2019 
 8,229  $ 
 3,463 
 4,104 
 2,722 
 10,727 
 16,670 

2018 
 8,587 
 8,654 
 5,905 
 3,049 
 9,894 
 14,475 
  $   45,915  $   50,564 

The Company has invested in limited partnerships that operate qualified affordable housing projects to receive tax 
benefits  in  the  form  of  tax  deductions  from  operating  losses  and  tax  credits.  The  Company  accounts  for  these 
investments under the cost method and management analyzes these investments annually for potential impairment. 
The Company had $2,906,000 in remaining capital commitments to these partnerships at December 31, 2019. 

The Company holds certain equity investments that are not readily marketable securities and thus are classified as 
“other assets” on the Company’s balance sheet. These include investments in Pacific Coast Bankers Bancshares, 
California Economic Development Lending Initiative, and the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”). The largest of 
these is the Company’s $10,727,000 investment in FHLB stock, carried at cost. Quarterly, the FHLB evaluates and 
adjusts the Company’s minimum stock requirement based on the Company’s borrowing activity and membership 
requirements. Any stock deemed in excess is automatically repurchased by the FHLB at cost. 

9.       DEPOSITS 

Interest-bearing deposits consisted of the following (dollars in thousands): 

December 31, 

Interest bearing demand deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $
NOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Money market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Time, under $250,000 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Time, $250,000 or more . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

2018 

2019 
 91,212  $  101,243 
 434,483 
 458,600 
 283,953 
 294,317 
 123,807 
 118,933 
 262,901 
 261,916 
 247,426 
 252,446 
  $ 1,477,424  $ 1,453,813 

95 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

Aggregate annual maturities of time deposits were as follows (dollars in thousands): 

Year Ending December 31, 

2020 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $   503,956 
 5,654 
2021 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 1,155 
2022 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 2,534 
2023 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 241 
2024 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Thereafter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 822 
  $   514,362 

Interest expense recognized on interest-bearing deposits consisted of the following (dollars in thousands): 

Year Ended December 31, 
2018 

2019 

2017 

Interest bearing demand deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $
NOW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Savings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Money market . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
CDAR’s . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Time deposits  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Brokered Deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 316 
 524 
 308 
 181 
 — 
 8,931 
 1,120 
  $ 11,380 

 $

 364  $
 478 
 314 
 146 
 — 
 5,653 
 305 

 417 
 427 
 258 
 157 
 — 
 2,503 
 — 
 $  7,260  $  3,762 

10.     OTHER BORROWING ARRANGEMENTS 

At year end, short-term borrowings consisted of the following (dollars in thousands): 

2019 

2018 

Average 
balance 

outstanding    Amount     

Average 
interest rate 
during the year    

Maximum 
month-end 
balance during 
the year 

Weighted 
average 
interest rate 
at year-end    

Average 
balance 

outstanding    Amount     

Average 
interest rate 
during the year    

Maximum 
month-end 
balance during
the year 

Weighted 
average 
interest rate
at year-end 

As of December 31: 

Repurchase agreements . . . . . . . . . . .      $ 
Overnight federal home loan bank 
advances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       
Short-term federal home loan bank 
advances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       
Fed funds purchased  . . . . . . . . . . . .       
  $ 

 22,090  $  25,711 

.40%  $ 

 27,712 

.40%  $ 

 14,332  $  16,359 

.40%  $ 

 17,672 

.40% 

 12,408 

 — 

 822 
 313 

 20,000 
 — 
 35,633  $  45,711 

2.09% 

1.69% 
 — 

 63,700 

 — 

 8,967 

 56,100 

2.19% 

 56,100 

2.43% 

 20,000 
 850 
 112,262 

$ 

1.69% 
 — 

 — 
 22 

 — 
 — 
 23,321  $  72,459 

  $ 

 — 
 — 

$ 

 — 
 850 
 74,622 

 — 
 — 

Each FHLB advance is payable at its maturity date, with a prepayment penalty for fixed rate advances. The advances 
were  collateralized  by  $777,685,000  of  first  mortgage  loans  under  a  blanket  lien  arrangement  at year  end  2019. 
Based on this collateral and the Company’s holdings of FHLB stock, the Company was eligible to borrow up to the 
total of $511,060,000 at year-end 2019, with a remaining borrowing capacity of $534,078,000 if sufficient additional 
collateral was pledged. 

The Company had no borrowings at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively from the FRB. The Company was 
eligible to borrow up to $59,198,000 at year end 2019, which was collateralized by $87,638,000 in first mortgage 
loans under a blanket lien arrangement. 

The Company had no long-term borrowings at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

96 

 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
    
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
   
   
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

The  Company  had  unsecured  lines  of  credit  with  its  correspondent  banks  which,  in  the  aggregate,  amounted  to 
$80,000,000 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, at interest rates which vary with market conditions. There 
was nothing outstanding under these lines of credit at December 31, 2019 and December 31, 2018, respectively. 

11.     INCOME TAXES 

The provision for income taxes follows (dollars in thousands): 

Federal: 

Year Ended December 31, 
2018 

2017 

2019 

Current  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $   7,081  $  5,780  $  8,456 
Effect of tax act  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 2,710 
Deferred  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 (828)
   10,338 

 — 
 179 
   5,959 

 — 
 (228)
 6,853 

State: 

Current  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Deferred  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 4,771 
 133 
 4,904 

 3,604 
   3,819 
 (302)
 129 
 3,302 
   3,948 
  $  11,757  $  9,907  $ 13,640 

The components of the net deferred tax asset, included in other assets, are as follows (dollars in thousands): 

December 31, 

2019 

2018 

Deferred tax assets: 

Allowance for loan losses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Foreclosed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Deferred compensation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Accrued reserves  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Non accrual loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net operating loss carryforward . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net unrealized loss on securities available-for-sale . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total deferred tax assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 2,934  $ 
 200 
 3,895 
 312 
 181 
 1,909 
 — 
 3,536 
 12,967 

 2,882 
 704 
 3,538 
 421 
 205 
 2,131 
 2,798 
 3,510 
 16,189 

Deferred tax liabilities: 

Premises and equipment  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Deferred loan costs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net unrealized gain on securities available-for-sale  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total deferred tax liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net deferred tax assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 (324)
 (2,656)
 (2,490)
 (4,034)
 (9,504)
 3,463  $ 

 (833)
 (2,656)
 — 
 (4,046)
 (7,535)
 8,654 

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SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

The expense for income taxes differs from amounts computed by applying the statutory Federal income tax rates to 
income before income taxes. The significant items comprising these differences consisted of the following (dollars 
in thousands): 

Income tax expense at federal statutory rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   $ 10,021  $  8,313 
Increase (decrease) resulting from: 

Year Ended December 31, 
2018 

2019 

2017 
 $ 11,613 

State franchise tax expense, net of federal tax effect . . . . . . . .  
Tax exempt municipal income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Affordable housing tax credits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Effect of the tax act . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  
Excess tax benefit of stock-based compensation . . . . . . . . . . .  
Other . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

Effective tax rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .  

 3,872 
 (952)
 (538)
 — 
 (133)
 (513)
   11,757 
  24.6% 

   3,390 
 (852)
 (632)
 — 
 (177)
 (135)
   9,907 
  25.0% 

 2,363 
    (1,299)
 (711)
 2,710 
 (248)
 (788)
    13,640 
   41.1% 

The Company is subject to federal income tax and income tax of the state of California. Our federal income tax 
returns for the years ended December 31, 2016, 2017 and 2018 are open to audit by the federal authorities and our 
California state tax returns for the years ended December 31, 2015, 2016, 2017 and 2018 are open to audit by the 
state authorities. 

The  Company  has  net  operating  loss  carry  forwards  of  approximately  $6,288,000  for  federal  income  and 
approximately $6,869,000 for California franchise tax purposes. Net operating loss carry forwards, to the extent not 
used will begin to expire in 2031. Net operating loss carry forwards available from acquisitions are substantially 
limited by Section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code and benefits not expected to be realized due to the limitation 
have been excluded from the deferred tax asset and net operating loss carry forward amounts noted above. 

There were no recorded interest or penalties related to uncertain tax positions as part of income tax for the years 
ended December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. We do not expect the total amount of unrecognized tax 
benefits to significantly increase or decrease within the next twelve months. 

12.     SUBORDINATED DEBENTURES 

Sierra Statutory Trust II (“Trust II”), Sierra Capital Trust III (“Trust III”), and Coast Bancorp Statutory Trust II 
(“Trust IV”), (collectively, the “Trusts”) exist solely for the purpose of issuing trust preferred securities fully and 
unconditionally guaranteed by the Company. For financial reporting purposes, the Trusts are not consolidated and 
the Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Deferrable Interest Debentures (the “Subordinated Debentures”) held by the 
Trusts and issued and guaranteed by the Company are reflected in the Company’s consolidated balance sheet in 
accordance with provisions of ASC Topic 810. Under applicable regulatory guidance, the amount of trust preferred 
securities that is eligible as Tier 1 capital is limited to twenty-five percent of the Company’s Tier 1 capital on a pro 
forma basis. At December 31, 2019, all $34,945,000 of the Company’s trust preferred securities qualified as Tier 1 
capital. 

During the first quarter of 2004, Sierra Statutory Trust II issued 15,000 Floating Rate Capital Trust Pass-Through 
Securities (TRUPS II), with a liquidation value of $1,000 per security, for gross proceeds of $15,000,000. The entire 
proceeds  of  the  issuance  were  invested  by  Trust  II  in  $15,464,000  of  Subordinated  Debentures  issued  by  the 
Company, with identical maturity, re-pricing and payment terms as the TRUPS II. The Subordinated Debentures, 
purchased by Trust II, represent the sole assets of the Trust II. Those Subordinated Debentures mature on March 17, 

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SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

2034, bear a current interest rate of 4.65% (based on 3 - month LIBOR plus 2.75%), with re-pricing and payments 
due quarterly. 

Those Subordinated Debentures are currently redeemable by the Company, subject to receipt by the Company of 
prior approval from the Federal Reserve Bank, on any March 17th, June 17th, September 17th, or December 17th. The 
redemption price is par plus accrued and unpaid interest, except in the case of redemption under a special event 
which is defined in the debenture. 

The TRUPS II are subject to mandatory redemption to the extent of any early redemption of the related Subordinated 
Debentures and upon maturity of the Subordinated Debentures on March 17, 2034. 

Trust  II  has  the  option  to  defer  payment  of  the  distributions  for  a  period  of  up  to  five years,  subject  to  certain 
conditions,  including  that  the  Company  may  not  pay  dividends  on  its  common  stock  during  such  period.  The 
TRUPS II issued in the offering were sold in private transactions pursuant to an exemption from registration under 
the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company has guaranteed, on a subordinated basis, distributions and 
other payments due on the TRUPS II. 

During the second quarter of 2006, Sierra Capital Trust III issued 15,000 Floating Rate Capital Trust Pass-Through 
Securities  (TRUPS III), with  a  liquidation value of  $1,000 per  security,  for gross proceeds of $15,000,000.  The 
entire proceeds of the issuance were invested by Trust III in $15,464,000 of Subordinated Debentures issued by the 
Company, with identical maturity, repricing and payment terms as the TRUPS III. The Subordinated Debentures, 
purchased  by  Trust  III,  represent  the  sole  assets  of  the  Trust  III.  Those  Subordinated  Debentures  mature  on 
September 23, 2036, bear a current interest rate of 3.33% (based on 3 - month LIBOR plus 1.40%), with repricing 
and payments due quarterly. 

Those  Subordinated  Debentures  are  redeemable  by  the  Company,  subject  to  receipt  by  the  Company  of  prior 
approval  from  the  Federal  Reserve  Bank,  on  any  March 23rd,  June 23rd,  September 23rd,  or  December 23rd.  The 
redemption price is par plus accrued and unpaid interest, except in the case of redemption under a special event 
which is defined in the debenture. The TRUPS III are subject to mandatory redemption to the extent of any early 
redemption  of  the  related  Subordinated  Debentures  and  upon  maturity  of  the  Subordinated  Debentures  on 
September 23, 2036. 

Trust  III  has  the  option  to  defer  payment  of  the  distributions  for  a  period  of  up  to  five years,  subject  to  certain 
conditions, including that the Company may not pay dividends on its common stock during such period. The TRUPS 
III  issued  in  the  offering  were  sold  in  private  transactions  pursuant  to  an  exemption  from  registration  under  the 
Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company has guaranteed, on a subordinated basis, distributions and other 
payments due on the TRUPS III. 

During the third quarter of 2016, the Company acquired Coast Bancorp Statutory Trust II, which had issued 7,000 
Floating Rate Capital Trust Pass-Through Securities (TRUPS IV), with a liquidation value of $1,000 per security, 
for gross proceeds of $7,000,000. The entire proceeds of the issuance were invested by Trust IV in $7,217,000 of 
Subordinated  Debentures  issued  by  Coast  Bancorp  with  identical  maturity,  re-pricing  and  payment  terms  as  the 
TRUPS IV. The Subordinated Debentures, purchased by Trust IV, represent the sole assets of the Trust IV. Those 
Subordinated Debentures mature on December 15, 2037, bear a current interest rate of 3.39% (based on 3 - month 
LIBOR plus 1.50%), with re-pricing and payments due quarterly. 

Those Subordinated Debentures are currently redeemable by the Company, subject to receipt by the Company of 
prior approval from the Federal Reserve Bank, on any March 15th, June 15th, September 15th, or December 15th. The 

99 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

redemption price is par plus accrued and unpaid interest, except in the case of redemption under a special event 
which is defined in the debenture. 

The  TRUPS  IV  are  subject  to  mandatory  redemption  to  the  extent  of  any  early  redemption  of  the  related 
Subordinated Debentures and upon maturity of the Subordinated Debentures on December 15, 2037. 

Coast Bancorp Statutory Trust II has the option to defer payment of the distributions for a period of up to five years, 
subject to certain conditions, including that the Company may not pay dividends on its common stock during such 
period.  The  TRUPS  IV  issued  in  the  offering  were  sold  in  private  transactions  pursuant  to  an  exemption  from 
registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company has guaranteed, on a subordinated basis, 
distributions and other payments due on the TRUPS IV. 

13.     COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES 

Letter of Credit 

The Company holds two letters of credit with the Federal Home Loan Bank of San Francisco totaling $104,854,000. 
An $100,000,000 letter of credit is pledged to secure public deposits at December 31, 2019 and a $4,854,000 standby 
letter  of  credit  was  obtained  on  behalf  of  one  of  our  customers  to  guarantee  financial  performance.  Should  the 
standby letter of credit be drawn upon, the customer would reimburse the Company from an existing line of credit. 

Federal Reserve Requirements 

Banks  are  required  to  maintain  reserves  with  the  Federal  Reserve  Bank  equal  to  a  specified percentage  of  their 
reservable deposits less vault cash. Reserve balances maintained at the Federal Reserve Bank by the Company  were 
$-0- and $2,674,000 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. 

Financial Instruments with Off-Balance-Sheet Risk 

The Company is a party to financial instruments with off - balance - sheet risk in the normal course of business. These 
financial  instruments  consist  of  commitments  to  extend  credit  and  standby  letters  of  credit.  These  instruments 
involve,  to  varying  degrees,  elements  of  credit  and  interest  rate  risk  in  excess  of  the  amount  recognized  in  the 
consolidated balance sheet. 

The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party for commitments to extend 
credit and letters of credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. The Company uses the 
same credit policies in making commitments and letters of credit as it does for loans included on the balance sheet. 

The following financial instruments represent off - balance - sheet credit risk (dollars in thousands): 

Fixed-rate commitments to extend credit  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  80,674  $  96,648 
Variable-rate commitments to extend credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 411,366  $ 685,339 
Standby letters of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  8,619  $  8,966 

December 31, 

2019 

2018 

Commitments to extend credit consist primarily of the unused or unfunded portions of the following:  home equity 
lines  of  credit;  commercial  real  estate  construction  loans,  where  disbursements  are  made  over  the  course  of 
construction; commercial revolving lines of credit; mortgage warehouse lines of credit; unsecured personal lines of 

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SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

credit; and formalized (disclosed) deposit account overdraft lines. Commitments generally have fixed expiration 
dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since many of the commitments are expected 
to  expire  without  being  drawn  upon,  the  total  commitment  amounts  do  not  necessarily  represent  future  cash 
requirements. Commitments to extend credit are made at both fixed and variable rates of interest as stated in the 
table  above.  Standby  letters  of  credit  are  generally  unsecured  and  are  issued  by  the  Company  to  guarantee  the 
performance of a customer to a third party, while commercial letters of credit represent the Company’s commitment 
to pay a third party on behalf of a customer upon fulfillment of contractual requirements. The credit risk involved in 
issuing letters of credit is essentially the same as that involved in extending loans to customers. 

Concentration in Real Estate Lending 

At December 31, 2019, in management’s judgment the Company had, a concentration of loans secured by real estate. 
At that date, approximately 80% of the Company’s loans were real estate related. Balances secured by commercial 
buildings and construction and development loans represented 60% of all real estate loans, while loans secured by 
non-construction residential properties accounted for 29%, and loans secured by farmland were 10% of real estate 
loans. Although management believes the loans within these concentrations have no more than the normal risk of 
collectability,  a  decline  in  the  performance  of  the  economy  in  general  or  a  decline  in  real  estate  values  in  the 
Company’s primary market areas, in particular, could have an adverse impact on collectability. 

Concentration by Geographic Location 

The Company extends commercial, real estate mortgage, real estate construction and consumer loans to customers 
primarily in the South Central San Joaquin Valley of California, specifically Tulare, Fresno, Kern, Kings and Madera 
counties; the Southern California corridor between Santa Paula and Santa Clarita in the counties of Ventura and Los 
Angeles; and the Coastal counties of San Luis Obispo, Ventura and Santa Barbara. The ability of a substantial portion 
of  the  Company’s  customers  to  honor  their  contracts  is  dependent  on  the  economy  in  these  areas.  Although  the 
Company’s  loan  portfolio  is  diversified,  there  is  a  relationship  in  those  regions  between  the  local  agricultural 
economy and the economic performance of loans made to non-agricultural customers. 

Contingencies 

The Company is subject to legal proceedings and claims which arise in the ordinary course of business. In the opinion 
of  management,  the  amount  of  ultimate  liability  with  respect  to  such  actions  will  not  materially  affect  the 
consolidated financial position or results of operations of the Company. 

14.     SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

Share Repurchase Plan 

At December 31, 2019, the Company had a stock repurchase plan which has no expiration date. During the year 
ended  December 31,  2019,  the  Company  repurchased  98,603  shares.  The  total  number  of  shares  available  for 
repurchase at December 31, 2019 was 380,551. Repurchases are generally made in the open market at market prices. 

101 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

Earnings Per Share 

A reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted earnings per share computations is as 
follows: 

For the Years Ended December 31, 
2018 

2017 

2019 

Basic Earnings Per Share 
Net income (dollars in thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . .    $
Weighted average shares outstanding . . . . . . . . .   
Basic earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $

 35,961   $ 

 29,677   $

   15,311,113  

   15,261,794  

 19,539 
   14,172,196 
 1.38 

 1.94   $

Diluted Earnings Per Share 
Net income (dollars in thousands) . . . . . . . . . . . .    $
Weighted average shares outstanding . . . . . . . . .   
Effect of dilutive stock options  . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Weighted average shares outstanding . . . . . . . . .   
Diluted earnings per share  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $

 29,677   $

   15,311,113  
 125,998  
   15,437,111  

   15,261,794  
 170,326  
   15,432,120  

 2.33   $ 

 1.92   $

 19,539 
   14,172,196 
 185,586 
   14,357,782 
 1.36 

 2.35   $ 

 35,961   $ 

Stock options for 243,657, 157,532, and 90,000 shares of common stock were not considered in computing diluted 
earnings per common share for 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively, because they were antidilutive. 

Stock Options 

On March 16, 2017 the Company’s Board of Directors approved and adopted the 2017 Stock Incentive Plan (the 
“2017 Plan”), which became effective May 24, 2017 pursuant to the approval of the Company’s shareholders. The 
2017 Plan replaced the Company’s 2007 Stock Incentive Plan (the “2007 Plan”), which expired by its own terms on 
March 15, 2017. Options to purchase 376,220 shares that were granted under the 2007 Plan were still outstanding 
as of December 31, 2019, and remain unaffected by that plan’s expiration. The 2017 Plan provides for the issuance 
of both “incentive” and “nonqualified” stock options to officers and employees, and of “nonqualified” stock options 
to non-employee directors and consultants of the Company. The 2017 Plan also provides for the issuance of restricted 
stock awards to these same classes of eligible participants, although no restricted stock awards have ever been issued 
by the Company. The total number of shares of the Company’s authorized but unissued stock reserved for issuance 
pursuant to awards under the 2017 Plan was initially 850,000 shares, and the number remaining available for grant 
as of December 31, 2019 was 672,600. 

All options granted under the 2017 and 2007 Plans have been or will be granted at an exercise price of not less than 
100% of the fair market value of the stock on the date of grant, exercisable in installments as provided in individual 
stock option agreements. In the event of a “Change in Control” as defined in the Plans, all outstanding options shall 
become exercisable in full (subject to certain notification requirements), and shall terminate if not exercised within 
a specified period of time unless such options are assumed by the successor corporation or substitute options are 
granted. Options also terminate in the event an optionee ceases to be employed by or to serve as a director of the 
Company or its subsidiaries, and the vested portion thereof must be exercised within a specified period  after such 
cessation of employment or service. 

102 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

A summary of the Company’s stock option activity follows (shares in thousands, except exercise price): 

2019 

2018 

2017 

     Shares     

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 

Aggregate 
Intrinsic 
Value (1)      Shares     

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 

    Shares     

Weighted Average 
Exercise Price 

Outstanding, 

beginning of year . . . . . . . . .   
Exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Granted . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Canceled . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Outstanding, end of year . . . . . .   
Exercisable,  end of year (2) . . . .   

 453   $ 
 (83)  $ 
 102   $ 
 (14)  $ 
 458   $ 
 322   $ 

 18.45  
 13.07  
 26.97  
 26.77  
 21.08   $  3,684  
 18.89   $  3,297  

 455   $ 
 (77)  $ 
 84   $ 
 (9)  $ 
 453   $ 
 330   $ 

 16.33  
 14.67  
 27.35  
 26.73  
 18.45  
 15.77  

 467   $ 
 (70)  $ 
 91   $ 
 (33)  $ 
 455   $ 
 400   $ 

 14.12 
 12.42 
 28.21 
 26.41 
 16.33 
 15.57 

(1)  The aggregate intrinsic value of stock option in the table above represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the amount 
by which the current market value of the underlying stock exceeds the exercise price of the option) that would  have 
been received by the option holders had all option holders exercised their options on December 31, 2019. This amount 
changes based on changes in the market value of the Company’s stock. 

(2)  The weighted average remaining contractual life of stock options outstanding and exercisable on December 31, 2019 

was 6.1 years and 5.1 years, respectively. 

Information related to stock options during each year follows: 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Weighted-average grant-date fair value per share  . . . .    $
 6.13 
Total intrinsic value of stock options exercised . . . . . .    $ 1,150,000   $ 988,000   $ 1,042,000 
Total fair value of stock options vested . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  438,000   $  55,000   $  494,000 

 6.60   $

 5.94   $

Cash received from the exercise of 83,261 shares was $1,088,000 for the period ended December 31, 2019 with a 
related tax benefit of $278,000. 

The Company is using the Black-Scholes model to value stock options. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, charges of 
$491,000,  $373,000,  and  $476,000  are  reflected  in  the  Company’s  income  statements  for  the years  ended 
December 31, 2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively, as pre-tax compensation and directors’ expense related to stock 
options. The related tax benefit of these options is $81,000, $67,000, and $141,000 for the years ended December 31, 
2019, 2018, and 2017, respectively. 

Unamortized compensation expense associated with unvested stock options outstanding at December 31, 2019 was 
$314,000, which will be recognized over a weighted average period of 3.3 years. 

15.     REGULATORY MATTERS 

The  Company  and  the  Bank  are  subject  to  certain  regulatory  capital  requirements  administered  by the  Board of 
Governors of the Federal Reserve System and the FDIC. Capital adequacy guidelines and, additionally for banks, 
prompt corrective action regulations, involve quantitative measures of assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance sheet 
items  calculated  under  regulatory  accounting  practices.  Capital  amounts  and  classifications  are  also  subject  to 
qualitative judgements by regulators. Failure to meet capital requirements can initiate regulatory action. The final 
rules implementing Basel Committee on Banking Supervision’s capital guidelines for U.S. banks (Basel III rules)  

103 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

became effective for the Company on January 1, 2015 with full compliance with all of the requirements being phased 
in over a multi-year schedule, and fully phased in by January 1, 2019. Under the Basel III rules, the Company must 
hold a capital conservation buffer above the adequately capitalized risk-based capital ratios. The capital conservation 
buffer  is  being  phased  in  from  0.0%  for  2015  to  2.50%  by  2019.  The  net  unrealized  loss  on  available  for  sale 
securities  is  not  included  in  computing  regulatory  capital.  Management  believes  as  of  December 31,  2019,  the 
Company and the Bank meet all capital adequacy requirements to which they are subject. 

Prompt  corrective  action  regulations  provide  five  classifications:  well  capitalized,  adequately  capitalized, 
undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized, and critically undercapitalized, although these terms are not used 
to represent overall financial condition. If adequately capitalized, regulatory approval is required to accept brokered 
deposits.  If  undercapitalized,  capital  distributions  are  limited,  as  is  asset  growth  and  expansion,  and  capital 
restoration plans are required. At year-end December 31, 2019 and 2018, notification from the FDIC categorized 
the Bank as well capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action. There are no conditions 
or events since that notification that management believes have changed the Bank’s category. 

Actual and required capital amounts (in thousands) and ratios are presented below at year end. 

2019 

2018 

Capital 
Amount 

     Ratio 

Capital 
Amount 

     Ratio 

Leverage Ratio 
Sierra Bancorp and subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 306,744   11.91%   $  282,484   11.49% 
Minimum requirement for “Well-Capitalized” 
institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Minimum regulatory requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

   128,769  
   103,016  

   122,962  
 98,370  

5.0%  
4.0%  

5.0% 
4.0% 

Bank of the Sierra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 301,963   11.73%   $  280,184   11.39% 
Minimum requirement for “Well-Capitalized” 
institutions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Minimum regulatory requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

   140,092  
 98,364  

   128,753  
   103,002  

5.0%  
4.0%  

5.0% 
4.0% 

104 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
 
   
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

2019 

2018 

Capital 
Amount 

      Ratio 

Capital 
Amount 

      Ratio 

Common Equity Tier 1 Capital Ratio 
Sierra Bancorp and subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  271,799   13.27%   $  247,717   12.61% 
6.5% 
Minimum requirements for “Well-Capitalized” institutions . . . . . . . . . .    
Minimum regulatory requirement  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
4.5% 

   133,095  
 92,143  

   127,709  
 88,414  

6.5%  
4.5%  

Bank of the Sierra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  301,963   14.75%   $  280,184   14.25% 
6.5% 
Minimum requirements for “Well-Capitalized” institutions . . . . . . . . . .    
Minimum regulatory requirement  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
4.5% 

   133,077  
 92,130  

   127,776  
 88,461  

6.5%  
4.5%  

Tier 1 Risk-Based Capital Ratio 
Sierra Bancorp and subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  306,744   14.98%   $  282,484   14.38% 
8.0% 
Minimum requirement for “Well-Capitalized” institutions . . . . . . . . . . .    
Minimum regulatory requirement  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
6.0% 

   163,809  
   122,857  

   157,181  
   117,885  

8.0%  
6.0%  

Bank of the Sierra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  301,963   14.75%   $  280,184   14.25% 
8.0% 
Minimum requirement for “Well-Capitalized” institutions . . . . . . . . . . .    
Minimum regulatory requirement  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
6.0% 

   163,787  
   122,840  

   157,263  
   117,947  

8.0%  
6.0%  

Total Risk-Based Capital Ratio 
Sierra Bancorp and subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  316,981   15.48%   $  292,618   14.89% 
10.0% 
Minimum requirement for “Well-Capitalized” institutions . . . . . . . . . . .    
Minimum regulatory requirement  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
8.0% 

   204,762  
   163,809  

   196,476  
   157,181  

10.0%  
8.0%  

Bank of the Sierra . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $  312,200   15.25%   $  290,318   14.77% 
10.0% 
Minimum requirement for “Well-Capitalized” institutions . . . . . . . . . . .    
Minimum regulatory requirement  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
8.0% 

   204,734  
   163,787  

   196,579  
   157,263  

10.0%  
8.0%  

Under current rules of the Federal Reserve Board, qualified trust preferred securities are one of several “restricted” 
core capital elements which may be included in Tier 1 capital in an aggregate amount limited to 25% of all core 
capital  elements,  net  of  goodwill  less  any  associated  deferred  tax  liability.  Amounts  of  restricted  core  capital 
elements in excess of these limits generally may be included in Tier 2 capital. Since the Company had less than 
$15 billion in assets at December 31, 2019, under the Dodd-Frank Act the Company will be able to continue to 
include its existing trust preferred securities in Tier 1 Capital to the extent permitted by FRB guidelines. 

Dividend Restrictions 

The Company’s ability to pay cash dividends is dependent on dividends paid to it by the Bank, and is also limited 
by state corporation law. California law allows a California corporation to pay dividends if the company’s retained 
earnings  equal  at  least  the  amount  of  the  proposed  dividend  plus  any  preferred  dividend  arrears  amount.  If  a 
California corporation does not have sufficient retained earnings available for the proposed dividend, it may still 
pay a dividend to its shareholders if immediately after the dividend the value of the company’s assets would equal 
or exceed the sum of its total liabilities plus any preferred dividend arrears amount. 

Dividends from the Bank to the Company are restricted under California law to the lesser of the Bank’s retained 
earnings or the Bank’s net income for the latest three fiscal years, less dividends previously declared during that 
period, or, with the approval of the Department of Business Oversight, to the greater of the retained earnings of the 

105 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

Bank, the net income of the Bank for its last fiscal year, or the net income of the Bank for its current fiscal year. As 
of  December 31,  2019,  the  maximum  amount  available  for  dividend  distribution  under  this  restriction  was 
approximately $48,956,000. 

16.     BENEFIT PLANS 

Salary Continuation Agreements, Directors’ Retirement and Officer Supplemental Life Insurance Plans 

The  Company  has  entered  into  salary  continuation  agreements  with  its  executive  officers,  and  has  established 
retirement plans for qualifying members of the Board of Directors. The plans provide for annual benefits for up to 
fifteen years after retirement or death. The benefit obligation under these plans totaled $5,276,000 and $5,229,000 
and was fully accrued for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively. The expense recognized under 
these arrangements totaled $329,000, $375,000 and $325,000 for the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 
2017,  respectively.  Salary  continuation  benefits  paid  to  former  directors  or  executives  of  the  Company  or  their 
beneficiaries  totaled  $281,000,  $296,000  and  $254,000  for  the years  ended  December 31,  2019,  2018  and  2017. 
Certain  officers  of  the  Company  have  supplemental  life  insurance  policies  with  death  benefits  available  to  the 
officers’ beneficiaries. 

In connection with these plans the Company has purchased, or acquired through the merger, single premium life 
insurance policies with cash surrender values totaling $42,528,000 and $41,561,000 at December 31, 2019 and 2018, 
respectively. 

Officer and Director Deferred Compensation Plan 

The Company has established a deferred compensation plan for certain members of the management group and a 
deferred fee plan for directors for the purpose of providing the opportunity for participants to defer compensation. 
The  Company  bears  the  costs  for  the  plan’s  administration  and  the  interest  earned  on  participant  deferrals.  The 
related  administrative  expense  was  not  material  for  the years  ended  December 31,  2019,  2018  and  2017.  In 
connection with this plan, life insurance policies with cash surrender values totaling $7,989,000 and $6,592,000 at 
December 31, 2019 and 2018, respectively, are included on the consolidated balance sheet in other assets. 

401(k) Savings Plan 

The 401(k) savings plan (the “Plan”) allows participants to defer, on a pre-tax basis, up to 15% of their salary (subject 
to Internal Revenue Service limitations) and accumulate tax-deferred earnings as a retirement fund. The Bank may 
make a discretionary contribution to match a specified percentage of the first 6% of the participants’ contributions 
annually. The amount of the matching contribution was 95% for the year ended December 31, 2019 and 75%, for 
the years ended December 31, 2018 and 2017. The matching contribution is discretionary, vests over a period of 
five years from the participants’ hire date, and is subject to the approval of the Board of Directors. The Company 
contributed $1,134,000, $934,000, and $745,000 to the Plan in 2019, 2018 and 2017, respectively. 

17.     NON-INTEREST INCOME 

The major grouping of non-interest revenue on the consolidated income statements includes several specific items:  
service charges on deposit accounts, gains on the sale of loans, credit card fees, check card fees, the net gain (loss) 
on sales and calls of investment securities available for sale, and the net increase (decrease) in the cash surrender 
value of life insurance. 

106 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

Non-interest  income  also  includes  one  general  category  of  “other  income”  of  which  the  following  are  major 
components (dollars in thousands): 

Year Ended December 31, 
2018 

2017 

2019 

Included in other income: 
 (961)
Amortization of limited partnerships . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  (2,079)  $  (2,561)  $ 
Dividends on equity investments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 761 
Unrealized gains recognized on equity investments . . . . . . . . . .   
 — 
Other  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 3,651 
Total other non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $   2,165   $   2,654   $   3,451 

 961  
 1,183  
 3,071  

 789  
 232  
 3,223  

18.     OTHER NON-INTEREST EXPENSE 

Other non-interest expense consisted of the following (dollars in thousands): 

Year Ended December 31, 
2018 

2017 

2019 

Legal, audit and professional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  4,039   $  3,032   $   3,289 
 4,365 
Data processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Advertising and promotional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 2,514 
 4,426 
Deposit services  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Stationery and supplies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 1,309 
 1,654 
Telephone and data communication  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Loan and credit card processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 1,029 
Foreclosed assets expense (income), net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 270 
Postage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 1,064 
Other  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 1,691 
Assessments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
 509 
Total other non-interest expense  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 24,733   $ 23,147   $  22,120 

 4,564  
 2,568  
 7,962  
 318  
 1,529  
 675  
 35  
 436  
 2,082  
 525  

 5,015  
 2,748  
 5,413  
 1,387  
 1,479  
 1,142  
 (730) 
 997  
 1,808  
 856  

19.     RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

During the normal course of business, the Bank enters into loans with related parties, including executive officers 
and directors. These loans are made with substantially the same terms, including rates and collateral, as loans to 
unrelated parties. The following is a summary of the aggregate activity involving related party borrowers (dollars in 
thousands): 

Balance, beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  2,544   $ 
Disbursements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Amounts repaid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Balance, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  2,731   $ 
Undisbursed commitments to related parties  . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  1,829   $ 

 18,681  
   (18,494) 

2019 

2017 

Year Ended December 31, 
2018 
 3,047   $  2,253 
 15,223 
 13,873  
   (14,429)
   (14,376) 
 2,544   $  3,047 
 2,130   $  2,559 

Deposits  from  related  parties  held  by  the  Bank  at  December 31,  2019  and  2018  amounted  to  $7,574,000  and 
$5,069,000, respectively. 

107 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
    
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
     
    
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
    
    
     
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

20.     FAIR VALUE 

Fair value is defined by U.S. GAAP as the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a 
liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction 
between market participants on the measurement date. U.S. GAAP also establishes a fair value hierarchy which 
requires  an  entity  to  maximize  the  use  of  observable  inputs  and  minimize  the  use  of  unobservable  inputs  when 
measuring fair value. The standard describes three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair value: 

•  Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the entity has the 

ability to access as of the measurement date. 

•  Level 2: Significant observable inputs other than Level 1 prices, such as quoted prices for similar assets or 
liabilities,  quoted  prices  in  markets  that  are  not  active,  and  other  inputs  that  are  observable  or  can  be 
corroborated by observable market data. 

•  Level 3: Significant unobservable inputs that reflect a company’s own assumptions about the factors that 

market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability. 

The Company used the following methods and significant assumptions to estimate fair values for each category of 
financial asset noted below: 

Securities:  The  fair  values  of  securities  available  for  sale  are  determined  by  obtaining  quoted  prices  on 
nationally  recognized  securities  exchanges  or  by  matrix  pricing,  which  is  a  mathematical  technique  used 
widely  in  the  industry  to  value  debt  securities  by  relying  on  their  relationship  to  other  benchmark  quoted 
securities. 

Collateral-dependent impaired loans:  A specific loss allowance is created for collateral dependent impaired 
loans,  representing  the  difference  between  the  face  value  of  the  loan  and  its  current  appraised  value  less 
estimated disposition costs. 

Foreclosed assets:  Repossessed real estate (OREO) and other assets are carried at the lower of cost or fair 
value. Fair value is the appraised value less expected selling costs for OREO and some other assets such as 
mobile homes, and for all other assets fair value is represented by the estimated sales proceeds as determined 
using  reasonably  available  sources.  Foreclosed  assets  for  which  appraisals  can  be  feasibly  obtained  are 
periodically  measured  for  impairment  using  updated appraisals.  Fair  values  for other  foreclosed  assets  are 
adjusted  as  necessary,  subsequent  to  a  periodic  re-evaluation  of  expected  cash  flows  and  the  timing  of 
resolution. If impairment is determined to exist, the book value of a foreclosed asset is immediately written 
down to its estimated impaired value through the income statement, thus the carrying amount is equal to the 
fair value and there is no valuation allowance. 

108 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

Assets  and  liabilities  measured  at  fair  value  on  a  recurring  basis,  including  financial  liabilities  for  which  the 
Company has elected the fair value option, are summarized below (dollars in thousands): 

Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2019, using 

Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets for 
Identical Assets 
(Level 1) 

Significant 
Observable 
Inputs 
(Level 2) 

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs 
(Level 3) 

Total 

Realized 
Gain/(Loss) 

Securities: 
U.S. government agencies  . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Mortgage-backed securities  . . . . . . . . . . .   
State and political subdivisions  . . . . . . . .   
Total available-for-sale securities  . . . . . .    $ 

 —  $ 
 — 
 — 
 —  $ 

 12,145  $ 
 400,389 
 188,265 
 600,799  $ 

 —  $ 
 — 
 — 
 —  $ 

 12,145 
 400,389 
 188,265 
 600,799 

 $ 

 $ 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2018, using 

Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets for 
Identical Assets 
(Level 1) 

Significant 
Observable 
Inputs 
(Level 2) 

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs 
(Level 3) 

Total 

Realized 
Gain/(Loss) 

Securities: 
U.S. government agencies  . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Mortgage-backed securities  . . . . . . . . . . .   
State and political subdivisions  . . . . . . . .   
Total available-for-sale securities  . . . . . .    $ 

 —  $ 
 — 
 — 
 —  $ 

 15,212  $ 
 404,733 
 140,534 
 560,479  $ 

 —  $ 
 — 
 — 
 —  $ 

 15,212 
 404,733 
 140,534 
 560,479 

 $ 

 $ 

 — 
 — 
 — 
 — 

Assets  and  liabilities  measured  at  fair  market  value  on  a  non-recurring  basis  are  summarized  below  (dollars  in 
thousands): 

Year Ended December 31, 2019 

Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets for 
Identical Assets 
(Level 1) 

Significant 
Observable 
Inputs 
(Level 2)      

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs 
(Level 3) 

     Total 

Collateral dependent impaired loans . . . .      $ 
Foreclosed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .      $ 

 —   $   1,692   $ 
 800   $ 
 —   $ 

 —   $  1,692 
 800 
 —   $ 

Year Ended December 31, 2018 

Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets for
Identical Assets 
(Level 1) 

Significant 
Observable 
Inputs 
(Level 2)      

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs 
(Level 3) 

     Total 

Collateral dependent impaired loans . . . .     $ 
Foreclosed assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 

 205   $ 
 —   $ 
 —   $   1,082   $ 

 205 
 —   $ 
 —   $  1,082 

21.     DISCLOSURES ABOUT FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

Disclosures include estimated fair values for financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate fair value. 
These estimates are made at a specific point in time based on relevant market data and information about the financial 
instruments. These estimates do not reflect any premium or discount that could result from offering the Company’s 
entire holdings of a particular financial instrument for sale at one time, nor do they attempt to estimate the value of 
anticipated future business related to the instruments. In addition, the tax ramifications related to the realization of 

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SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

unrealized gains and losses can have a significant effect on fair value estimates and have not been considered in any 
of these estimates. 

Because no market exists for a significant portion of the Company’s financial instruments, fair value estimates are 
based on judgments regarding current economic conditions, risk characteristics of various financial instruments and 
other factors. These estimates are subjective in nature and involve uncertainties and matters of significant judgment 
and therefore cannot be determined with precision. Changes in assumptions could significantly affect the fair values 
presented.  The  following  methods  and  assumptions  were  used  by  the  Company  to  estimate  the  fair  value  of  its 
financial instruments at December 31, 2019 and 2018: 

Cash  and  cash  equivalents,  and  fed  funds  sold:    For  cash  and  cash  equivalents  and  fed  funds  sold,  the  carrying 
amount is estimated to be fair value. 

Securities:    The  fair  values  of  investment  securities  are  determined  by  obtaining  quoted  prices  on  nationally 
recognized securities exchanges or by matrix pricing, which is a mathematical technique used widely in the industry 
to value debt securities by relying on their relationship to other benchmark quoted securities when quoted prices for 
specific securities are not readily available. 

Loans and leases:  Fair values of loans, excluding loans held for sale, are based on the exit price notion set forth by 
ASU 2016 - 01 effective January 1, 2018 and estimated using discounted cash flow analyses. The estimation of fair 
values of loans results in a Level 3 classification as it requires various assumptions and considerable judgement to 
incorporate factors relevant when selling loans to market participants, such as funding costs, return requirements of 
likely buyers and performance expectations of the loans given the current market environment and quality of loans.   

Loans held for sale:  Since loans designated by the Company as available-for-sale are typically sold shortly after 
making  the  decision  to  sell  them,  realized  gains  or  losses  are  usually  recognized  within  the  same  period  and 
fluctuations in fair values are thus not relevant for reporting purposes. If available-for-sale loans stay on our books 
for an extended period of time, the fair value of those loans is determined using quoted secondary-market prices. 

Deposits:  Fair values for non-maturity deposits are equal to the amount payable on demand at the reporting date, 
which  is  the  carrying  amount.  Fair  values  for  fixed-rate  certificates  of  deposit  are  estimated  using  a  cash  flow 
analysis, discounted at interest rates being offered at each reporting date by the Bank for certificates with similar 
remaining maturities. 

Short-term borrowings:  The carrying amounts approximate fair values for federal funds purchased, overnight FHLB 
advances, borrowings under repurchase agreements, and other short-term borrowings maturing within ninety days 
of the reporting dates. Fair values of other short-term borrowings are estimated by discounting projected cash flows 
at the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements. 

Long-term borrowings:  The fair values of the Company’s long-term borrowings are estimated using projected cash 
flows discounted at the Company’s current incremental borrowing rates for similar types of borrowing arrangements. 

Subordinated debentures:  The fair values of subordinated debentures are determined based on the current market 
value for like instruments of a similar maturity and structure. 

110 

SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

Carrying amount and estimated fair values of financial instruments were as follows (dollars in thousands): 

Year Ended December 31, 2019 

Estimated Fair Value 

Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets for 
Identical Assets 
(Level 1) 

Significant 
Observable 
Inputs 
(Level 2) 

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs 
(Level 3) 

Carrying 
Amount 

Total 

Financial Assets: 
Cash and cash equivalents  . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Securities available for sale  . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Loans and leases held for investment  . . . .   
Collateral dependent impaired loans . . . . .   

 80,077   $ 
 600,799  
   1,753,846  
 1,692  

 80,076   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —  

Financial Liabilities: 
Deposits: 

 —   $ 

 600,799  
 —  
 1,692  

 —   $ 
 —  
   1,761,461  
 —  

 80,076 
 600,799 
   1,761,461 
 1,692 

Non-interest-bearing  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Interest-bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 690,950   $ 

   1,477,424  

 690,950   $ 
 —  

   1,477,497  

 —   $ 

Fed funds purchased and repurchase 
agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Short-term borrowings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 25,711  
 20,000  
 34,945  

 —  
 —  
 —  

 25,711  
 20,000  
 30,564  

 —   $ 
 —  

 690,950 
   1,477,497 

 —  
 —  
 —  

 25,711 
 20,000 
 30,564 

Off-balance-sheet financial instruments: 
Commitments to extend credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Standby letters of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

$ 

Notional 
Amount 

 492,040 
 8,619 

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SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

Carrying amount and estimated fair values of financial instruments were as follows (dollars in thousands): 

Year Ended December 31, 2018 

Estimated Fair Value 

Quoted Prices in 
Active Markets for 
Identical Assets 
(Level 1) 

Significant 
Observable 
Inputs 
(Level 2) 

Significant 
Unobservable 
Inputs 
(Level 3) 

Carrying 
Amount 

Total 

Financial Assets: 
Cash and cash equivalents  . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Securities available for sale  . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Loans and leases held for investment  . . . .   
Collateral dependent impaired loans . . . . .   

 74,132   $ 
 560,479  
   1,724,575  
 205  

 74,132   $ 
 —  
 —  
 —  

Financial Liabilities: 
Deposits: 

 —   $ 

 560,479  
 —  
 205  

 —   $ 
 —  
   1,707,463  
 —  

 74,132 
 560,479 
   1,707,463 
 205 

Noninterest-bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Interest-bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 662,527   $ 

   1,453,813  

 662,527   $ 
 —  

   1,453,048  

 —   $ 

Fed funds purchased and repurchase 
agreements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Short-term borrowings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 16,359  
 56,100  
 34,767  

 —  
 —  
 —  

 16,359  
 56,100  
 30,311  

 —   $ 
 —  

 662,527 
   1,453,048 

 —  
 —  
 —  

 16,359 
 56,100 
 30,311 

Off-balance-sheet financial instruments: 
Commitments to extend credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Standby letters of credit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

$ 

Notional 
Amount 

 781,987 
 8,966 

22.     BUSINESS COMBINATIONS 

On October 1, 2017, the Company acquired 100% of the outstanding common shares of Ojai Community Bancorp 
(OCB) in exchange for $809,000 in cash and 1,376,431 shares of stock.  OCB results of operations were included 
in the Company’s results beginning October 1, 2017. Acquisition related costs of $22,000 and $41,000 are included 
in other operating expense in the Company’s income statement for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

In  accordance  with  GAAP,  the  Company  recorded  $18,464,000  of  goodwill  and  $3,453,000  of  core  deposit 
intangibles. Goodwill represents the excess of the consideration transferred (cash) at the acquisition date over the 
fair values of the identifiable net assets acquired. The core deposit intangible is being amortized using a straight line 
basis over eight years. For tax purposes goodwill and core deposit intangibles are both non-deductible. 

The acquisition has provided the Company an opportunity to expand its market presence further in Ventura County 
and  into  Santa  Barbara.  Synergies  and  cost  savings  resulting  from  the  combined  operations  along  with  the 
introduction  of  the  Company’s  existing  products  and  services  into  the  new  region  have  provided  growth 
opportunities and the potential to increase profitability. 

112 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
     
     
 
 
   
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

The following table summarizes the consideration paid for OCB and the amounts of the assets acquired and liabilities 
assumed recognized at the acquisition date (dollars in thousands): 

Consideration 

Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Equity Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Fair value of total consideration transferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 809 
 37,370 
 38,179 

Recognized amounts of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed 

Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .       $ 
Securities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Premises and equipment  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Real estate owned . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Core deposit intangibles  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 37,108 
 5,492 
 217,800 
 873 
 3,072 
 3,453 
 10,479 
 278,277 

Deposits  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Borrowed funds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total liabilities assumed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total identifiable net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Goodwill  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

  $ 

 230,950 
 24,400 
 3,212 
 258,562 
 19,715 

 18,464 
 38,179 

On November 3, 2017, the Company acquired certain deposits of the Woodlake branch of Citizen’s Business Bank 
(CBB). Results of operations were included in the Company’s results beginning November 3, 2017. Acquisition 
related costs of $-0- and $2,000 are included in other operating expense in the Company’s income statement for 
the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

In accordance with GAAP, the Company recorded $625,000 of goodwill and $486,000 of core deposit intangibles. 
Goodwill represents the excess of the consideration transferred (cash) at the acquisition date over the fair values of 
the identifiable net assets acquired. The core deposit intangible is being amortized using a straight line basis over 
eight years. For tax purposes goodwill and core deposit intangibles are both non-deductible. 

The acquisition has provided the Company an opportunity to expand its market presence in Tulare County. Synergies 
and  cost  savings  resulting  from  the  combined operations  along  with  the  introduction of  the  Company’s  existing 
products  and  services  into  the  new  region  have  provided  growth  opportunities  and  the  potential  to  increase 
profitability. 

113 

 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
  
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

The  following  table  summarizes  the  amounts  of  the  assets  acquired  and  liabilities  assumed  recognized  at  the 
acquisition date (dollars in thousands): 

Consideration 

Cash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Equity instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Fair value of total consideration transferred . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 — 
 — 
 — 

Recognized amounts of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed 

Cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Loans . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Premises and equipment  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Core deposit intangibles  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total assets acquired . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 25,266 
 7 
 469 
 486 
 26,228 

Deposits  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total liabilities assumed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total identifiable net assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Goodwill  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

  $ 

 26,661 
 192 
 26,853 
 (625)

 625 
 — 

In many cases, the fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed were determined by estimating the cash 
flows expected to result from those assets and liabilities and discounting them at appropriate market rates. The most 
significant category of assets for which this procedure was used was that of acquired loans. The excess of expected 
cash flows above the fair value of the majority of loans will be accreted to interest income over the remaining lives 
of the loans in accordance with FASB Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 310 - 20 (formerly SFAS 91). The 
Company believes that all contractual cash flows related to these loans will be collected. As such, these loans were 
not considered impaired at the acquisition date and were not subject to the guidance relating to purchased credit 
impaired loans, which have shown evidence of credit deterioration since origination. Loans acquired from OCB that 
were not subject to these requirements had a fair value and gross contractual amounts receivable of $217,800,000 
and $223,036,000, as of the date of acquisition. 

Certain loans, for which specific credit-related deterioration, since origination, was identified, are recorded at fair 
value, reflecting the present value of the amounts expected to be collected. Income recognition on these “purchased 
credit-impaired”  loans  is  based  on  a  reasonable  expectation  about  the  timing  and  amount  of  cash  flows  to  be 
collected. Acquired loans deemed impaired and considered collateral dependent, with the timing of the sale of loan 
collateral indeterminate, remain on non-accrual status and have no accretable yield. These loans are discussed in 
further detail in Note 4 Purchased Credit Impaired Loans. 

In accordance with GAAP, there was no carryover of the allowance for loan losses that had been previously recorded 
by OCB. 

The Company recorded a deferred income tax asset of  $741,000 for OCB. The deferred income tax asset was related 
to  net  operating  loss  carry-forward,  as  well  as  other  tax  attributes  of  OCB,  along  with  the  effects  of  fair  value 
adjustments resulting from applying the acquisition method of accounting. 

114 

 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
 
 
      
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

The fair value of savings and transaction deposit accounts acquired from OCB were assumed to approximate their 
carry value, as these accounts have no stated maturity and are payable on demand. 

The operating results of the Company for the twelve months ending December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 include the 
operating results of OCB since their respective acquisition dates. The following table presents the net interest and 
other income, basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share as if the acquisition with OCB was effective 
as of January 1, 2019, 2018 and 2017 for the respective year in which the acquisition was closed. The unaudited pro 
forma information in the following table is intended for informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative 
of our future operating results for operating results that would have occurred had the mergers been completed at the 
beginning of each respective year. No assumptions have been applied to the pro forma results of operations regarding 
possible revenue enhancements, expense efficiencies or asset dispositions. 

Unaudited pro forma net interest income, net income and earnings per share presented below (dollars in thousands, 
except per share data): 

  Pro Forma   Pro Forma   Pro Forma 
  Year Ended   Year Ended   Year Ended 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Net interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  97,369   $  92,394   $  82,985 
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $  35,961   $  29,677   $  19,416 
 1.37 
Basic earnings per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
 1.35 
Diluted earnings per share  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 1.94   $ 
 1.92   $ 

 2.35   $ 
 2.33   $ 

23.     QUALIFIED AFFORDABLE HOUSING PROJECT INVESTMENTS 

The Company invests in qualified affordable housing projects. At December 31, 2019 and 2018, the balance of the 
investment  for  qualified  affordable  housing  projects  totaled  $4,104,000  and  $5,905,000,  respectively.  These 
balances are reflected in the other assets line on the consolidated balance sheet. Unfunded commitments related to 
these investments in qualified affordable housing projects totaled $1,251,000 and $1,958,000 at December 31, 2019 
and 2018, respectively. 

During the years ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017, the Company recognized amortization expense on these 
investments of $1,801,000, $2,535,000, and $961,000, respectively which was included within pretax income on the 
consolidated statements of income. 

Additionally, during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, the Company recognized tax credits and other 
benefits from its investment in affordable housing tax credits of $538,000 and $632,000, respectively. The Company 
had no impairment losses during the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. 

115 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
    
    
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

24.     REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS 

All of the Company’s revenue from contracts with customers in the scope of ASC 606 is recognized within Non-
interest Income. The following table presents the Company’s sources of Non-interest Income for the twelve months 
ended December 31, 2019 and 2018. Items outside the scope of ASC 606 are noted as such. 

Non-interest income 
     Service charges on deposits 
          Returned item and overdraft fees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
          Other service charges on deposits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
     Debit card interchange income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
     Loss on limited partnerships(1)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
     Dividends on equity investments(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
     Unrealized gains recognized on equity investments(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
     Net gains (losses) on sale of securities(1)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
     Other(1)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
                Total non-interest income  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 

Year Ended December 31, 

2019 

2018 

 6,854   $ 
 5,888  
 6,584  
 (2,079) 
 789  
 232  
 (198) 
 5,407  
 23,477   $ 

 6,574 
 5,865 
 5,878 
 (2,561)
 961 
 1,183 
 2 
 3,662 
 21,564 

Non-interest expense 
     Salaries and employee benefits(1)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
     Occupancy expense(1) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
     Gains on sale or OREO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
     Other(1)  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
                Total non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 

 35,978   $ 
 9,845  
 (107) 
 24,862  
 70,578   $ 

 36,133 
 10,295 
 (1,423)
 25,019 
 70,024 

(1)  Not within the scope of ASC 606. Revenue streams are not related to contracts with customers and are accounted for 

on an accrual basis under other provisions of GAAP. 

116 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

25.     PARENT ONLY CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

BALANCE SHEETS 

Years Ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 
(dollars in thousands) 

ASSETS 

Cash and due from banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Investments in bank subsidiary  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Investment in trust subsidiaries  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Other assets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

  $ 

2019 

2018 

 4,818   $ 

 339,449  
 1,145  
 21  
 345,433   $ 

 2,338 
 305,492 
 1,145 
 20 
 308,995 

Liabilities: 

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY 

Other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Subordinated debentures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

 1,203   $ 
 34,945  
 36,148  

 1,204 
 34,767 
 35,971 

Shareholders’ equity: 

Common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Retained earnings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Accumulated other comprehensive income, net of taxes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Total shareholders’ equity  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    

  $ 

 116,486  
 186,867  
 5,932  
 309,285  
 345,433   $ 

 115,573 
 164,117 
 (6,666)
 273,024 
 308,995 

STATEMENTS OF INCOME 

Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 
(dollars in thousands) 

2019 

2018 

2017 

Income: 

Dividend from subsidiary  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Gain on sale of securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other operating income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total income  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 17,200   $ 
 —  
 —  
 17,200  

 7,750   $ 
 —  
 —  
 7,750  

 15,500 
 918 
 16 
 16,434 

Expense 

Salaries and employee benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Other expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Total expenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Income before income taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Income tax benefit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Income before equity in undistributed income of subsidiary  . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Equity in undistributed income of subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 582  
 2,664  
 3,246  
 13,954  
 (1,138) 
 15,092  
 20,869  
 35,961   $ 

 516  
 2,533  
 3,049  
 4,701  
 (1,150) 
 5,851  
 23,826  
 29,677   $ 

 481 
 2,276 
 2,757 
 13,677 
 (1,602)
 15,279 
 4,260 
 19,539 

117 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS 

Years Ended December 31, 2019, 2018 and 2017 
(dollars in thousands) 

Cash flows from operating activities: 

Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating 
activities: 
Undistributed net loss of subsidiary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Gain on sale of securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Increase (decrease) in other assets  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
(Decrease) increase in other liabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net cash provided for operating activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

2019 

2018 

2017 

 35,961   $ 

 29,677   $ 

 19,539 

 (20,869) 
 —  
 178  
 (2) 
 15,268  

 (23,826) 
 —  
 183  
 28  
 6,062  

 (4,260)
 (918)
 170 
 (757)
 13,774 

Cash flows from investing activities: 

Sales of securities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Cash paid from acquisitions, net . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net cash provided by investing activities  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   

 —  
 —  
 —  

 —  
 (6) 
 (6) 

 1,480 
 (7,061)
 (5,581)

Cash flows from financing activities: 

Change in other borrowings  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Stock options exercised . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Repurchase of common stock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Dividends paid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net cash used in by financing activities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Net decrease (increase) in cash and cash equivalents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .   
Cash and cash equivalents, end of year . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    $ 

 —  
 1,088  
 (2,544) 
 (11,332) 
 (12,788) 
 2,480  
 2,338  
 4,818   $ 

 —  
 1,131  
 —  
 (9,757) 
 (8,626) 
 (2,570) 
 4,908  
 2,338   $ 

 — 
 764 
 — 
 (7,935)
 (7,171)
 1,022 
 3,886 
 4,908 

118 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
     
     
     
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
SIERRA BANCORP AND SUBSIDIARY 

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 
(Continued) 

26.     CONDENSED QUARTERLY RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED) 

The following table sets forth the Company’s unaudited results of operations for the four quarters of 2019 and 2018. 
In management’s opinion, the results of operations reflect all adjustments (which include only recurring adjustments) 
necessary to present fairly the condensed results for such periods (dollars in thousands, except per share data). 

2019 Quarter Ended 

Interest income  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Net interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Provision for loan and lease losses  . . . . . . . .    
Non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Net income before taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Provision for taxes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 

    December 31,     September 30,     June 30,       March 31, 
 27,901   $  27,788   $ 27,483 
 3,510 
 3,589  
 3,526  
   23,973 
   24,199  
 24,375  
 300 
 400  
 1,350  
 5,906 
 5,855  
 5,869  
   17,852 
   17,656  
 17,088  
   11,727 
   11,998  
 11,806  
 2,854  
 2,832 
 3,169  
 8,952   $   8,829   $  8,895 

 27,775   $ 
 2,953  
 24,822  
 500  
 5,847  
 17,982  
 12,187  
 2,902  
 9,285   $ 

Diluted earnings per share  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Cash dividend per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 

 0.60   $ 
 0.19   $ 

 0.58   $ 
 0.19   $ 

 0.57   $  0.58 
 0.18   $  0.18 

2018 Quarter Ended 

Interest income  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Net interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Provision for loan and lease losses  . . . . . . . .    
Non-interest income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Non-interest expense . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Net income before taxes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Provision for taxes  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .    
Net income . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 

    December 31,     September 30,     June 30,       March 31, 
 26,236   $  24,883   $ 23,476 
 1,716 
 2,083  
 2,460  
   21,760 
   22,800  
 23,776  
 200 
 300  
 2,450  
 5,133 
 5,429  
 5,723  
   17,887 
   17,294  
 17,807  
 8,806 
   10,635  
 9,242  
 2,096 
 2,643  
 2,171  
 7,071   $   7,992   $  6,710 

 27,042   $ 
 2,984  
 24,058  
 1,400  
 5,279  
 17,036  
 10,901  
 2,997  
 7,904   $ 

Diluted earnings per share  . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 
Cash dividend per share . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .     $ 

 0.51   $ 
 0.16   $ 

 0.46   $ 
 0.16   $ 

 0.52   $  0.44 
 0.16   $  0.16 

119 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 9.       CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND 

FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE 

Not applicable. 

ITEM 9A.    CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES 

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures 

The  Company’s  Chief  Executive  Officer  and  its  Chief  Financial  Officer,  after  evaluating  the  effectiveness  of  the 
Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13(a)–15(e) as of the end of the period 
covered by this report (the “Evaluation Date”) have concluded that as of the Evaluation Date, the Company’s disclosure 
controls and procedures were adequate and effective to ensure that material information relating to the Company and its 
consolidated subsidiaries would be made known to them by others within those entities, particularly during the period in 
which this annual report was being prepared. 

Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports 
that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to our Management, including our Chief 
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure, and 
that such information is recorded, processed, summarized, and reported within the time periods specified by the SEC. 

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting 

Management  of  the  Company  is  responsible  for  the  preparation,  integrity,  and  reliability  of  the  consolidated  financial 
statements and related financial information contained in this annual report. The consolidated financial statements of the 
Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America 
and, as such, include some amounts that are based on judgments and estimates of Management. 

Management has established and is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting. The 
Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that: 

(i) 

(ii) 

(iii) 

pertain  to  the  maintenance  of  records  that,  in  reasonable  detail,  accurately  and  fairly  reflect  the 
transactions and dispositions of the assets of the Company; 

provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of 
financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts 
and  expenditures  of  the  Company  are  being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of 
Management and directors of the Company; and 

provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, 
use  or  disposition  of  the  Company’s  assets  that  could  have  a  material  effect  on  the  financial 
statements. 

There are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any internal control, including the possibility of human error and the 
circumvention  or  overriding  of  controls.  Accordingly,  even  effective  internal  control  can  provide  only  reasonable 
assurance with respect to financial statement preparation. Further, because of changes in conditions, the effectiveness of 
internal  control  may  vary  over  time.  The  system  contains  monitoring  mechanisms,  and  actions  are  taken  to  correct 
deficiencies identified. 

Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 
2019. This assessment was based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the 
Committee  of  Sponsoring  Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission.  This  assessment  included  controls  over  the 
preparation of regulatory financial statements in accordance with the Federal Financial Institutions Examination Council’s 
Instructions  for  Preparation  of  Consolidated  Reports  of  Condition  and  Income,  and  in  accordance  with  the  Board  of 

120 

Governors  of  the  Federal  Reserve  System’s  Instructions  for  Preparation  of  Financial  Statements  for  Bank  Holding 
Companies (Consolidated and Parent Company Only). Based on this assessment, Management believes that the Company 
maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019. 

Management is responsible for compliance with the federal and state laws and regulations concerning dividend restrictions 
and federal laws and regulations concerning loans to insiders designated by the FDIC as safety and soundness laws and 
regulations. Management assessed compliance by the Company’s insured financial institution, Bank of the Sierra, with 
the designated laws and regulations relating to safety and soundness. Based on this assessment, Management believes that 
Bank of the Sierra complied, in all significant respects, with the designated laws and regulations related to safety and 
soundness for the year ended December 31, 2019. 

Our assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2019 
has been audited by Eide Bailly, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing above 
in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. 

Changes in Internal Control 

There were no significant changes in the Company’s internal control over financial reporting or in other factors in the 
fourth quarter of 2019 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal 
control over financial reporting. 

ITEM 9B.    OTHER INFORMATION. 

None. 

121 

 
 
 
PART III 

ITEM 10.     DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE 

The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item with respect to Directors and Executive Officers of the 
Company will be set forth under the caption “Election of Directors” in the Company’s proxy statement for the 2020 Annual 
Meeting of Shareholders (the “Proxy Statement”), which the Company will file with the SEC within 120 days after the 
close of the Company’s 2019 fiscal year in accordance with SEC Regulation 14A under the Securities Exchange Act of 
1934. Such information is hereby incorporated by reference. 

The  information  required  to  be  furnished  pursuant  to  this  item  with  respect  to  compliance  with  Section 16(a)  of  the 
Exchange Act will be set forth under the caption “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the Proxy 
Statement, and is incorporated herein by reference. 

The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item with respect to the Company’s Code of Ethics and corporate 
governance matters will be set forth under the caption “Corporate Governance” in the Proxy Statement, and is incorporated 
herein by reference. 

ITEM 11.     EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION 

The information required to be furnished pursuant to this item will be set forth under the captions “Executive Officer and 
Director Compensation” and “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” in the Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein 
by reference. 

ITEM 12.     SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND 

RELATED SHAREHOLDER MATTERS 

Securities Authorized for Issuance under Equity Compensation Plans 

The information required by Item 12 with respect to securities authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans is 
set forth under “Item 5 – Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities” above. 

Other Information Concerning Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management 

The remainder of the information required by Item 12 will be set forth under the captions “Security Ownership of Certain 
Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Election of Directors” in the Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein by 
reference. 

ITEM 13.     CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS AND DIRECTOR 

INDEPENDENCE 

The  information  required  to  be  furnished  pursuant  to  this  item  will  be  set  forth  under  the  captions  “Related  Party 
Transactions” and “Corporate Governance – Director Independence” in the Proxy Statement, and is incorporated herein 
by reference. 

ITEM 14.     PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES 

The  information  required  to  be  furnished  pursuant  to  this  item  will  be  set  forth  under  the  caption  “Ratification  of 
Appointment  of  Independent  Registered  Public  Accounting  Firm –  Fees”  in  the  Proxy  Statement,  and  is  incorporated 
herein by reference. 

122 

 
 
PART IV 

ITEM 15.     EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES, AND REPORTS ON FORM 8 - K 

(a)  Exhibits 

Exhibit # 
2.1 

      Description 
  Agreement and Plan of Reorganization and Merger, dated as of April 24, 2017 by and between Sierra 

Bancorp and OCB Bancorp, as amended by Amendment No. 1 thereto dated May 4, 2017 and Amendment 
No. 2 thereto dated June 6, 2017 (1) 

3.1 
3.2 
4.1 
10.1 
10.2 
10.3 
10.4 

10.5 
10.6 

10.7 
10.8 

10.9 
10.10 
10.11 

10.12 
10.13 
10.14 
10.15 
10.16 

  Restated Articles of Incorporation of Sierra Bancorp (2) 
  Amended and Restated By-laws of the Company (3) 
  Description of Securities 

Salary Continuation Agreement for Kenneth R. Taylor (4)* 
Salary Continuation Agreement and Split Dollar Agreement for James F. Gardunio (5)* 
Split Dollar Agreement for Kenneth R. Taylor (6)* 

  Director Retirement and Split dollar Agreements Effective October 1, 2002, for Albert Berra, Morris 

Tharp, and Gordon Woods (6)* 
401 Plus Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (6)* 
Indenture dated as of March 17, 2004 between U.S. Bank N.A., as Trustee, and Sierra Bancorp, as Issuer 
(7) 

  Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of Sierra Statutory Trust II, dated as of March 17, 2004 (7) 
Indenture dated as of June 15, 2006 between Wilmington Trust Co., as Trustee, and Sierra Bancorp, as 
Issuer (8) 

  Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of Sierra Capital Trust III, dated as of June 15, 2006 (8) 

2007 Stock Incentive Plan (9) 
Sample Retirement Agreement Entered into with Each Non-Employee Director Effective January 1, 2007 
(10)* 
Salary Continuation Agreement for Kevin J. McPhaill (10)* 
First Amendment to the Salary Continuation Agreement for Kenneth R. Taylor (10)* 
Second Amendment to the Salary Continuation Agreement for Kenneth R. Taylor (11)* 
First Amendment to the Salary Continuation Agreement for Kevin J. McPhaill (12)* 
Indenture dated as of September 20, 2007 between Wilmington Trust Co., as Trustee, and Coast Bancorp, 
as Issuer (13) 

10.17 

  Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of Coast Bancorp Statutory Trust II, dated as of September 20, 

10.18 

10.19 
10.20 

2007 (13) 
First Supplemental Indenture dated as of July 8, 2016, between Wilmington Trust Co. as Trustee, Sierra 
Bancorp as the “Successor Company”, and Coast Bancorp (13) 
2017 Stock Incentive Plan (14)* 
Employment agreements dated as of December 27, 2018 for Kevin McPhaill, CEO, Kenneth  Taylor, CFO, 
James Gardunio, Chief Credit Officer, and Michael Olague, Chief Banking Officer (15)* 
Employment agreement dated as of March 15, 2019 for Matthew Macia, EVP and CRO (16)* 
Employment agreement dated as of November 15, 2019 for Christopher Treece, EVP and CFO (17)* 
Employment agreement dated as of January 17. 2020 for Jennifer Johnson, EVP and CAO (18)* 
Subsidiaries of Sierra Bancorp 

10.21 
10.22 
10.23 
21 
23.1 
23.2 
31.1 
31.2 
32 
101.INS    XBRL Instance Document 
101.SCH   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document 
101.CAL   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document 

  Consent of Eide Bailly 
  Consent of Vavrinek, Trine, Day & Co., LLP 
  Certification of Chief Executive Officer (Section 302 Certification) 
  Certification of Chief Financial Officer (Section 302 Certification) 
  Certification of Periodic Financial Report (Section 906 Certification) 

123 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
101.DEF   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document 
101.LAB   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document 
101.PRE   XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document 

(1)  Original agreement filed as an exhibit to the Form 8 - K filed with the SEC on April 25, 2017 and incorporated herein 
by  reference,  and  amendments  thereto  filed  as  appendices  to  the  proxy  statement/prospectus  included  in  the 
Form S - 4/A filed with the SEC on July 24, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference. 

(2)  Filed as Exhibit 3.1 to the Form 10 - Q filed with the SEC on August 7, 2009 and incorporated herein by reference. 
(3)  Filed as an Exhibit to the Form 8 - K filed with the SEC on February 21, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. 
(4)  Filed as Exhibit 10.5 to the Form 10 - Q filed with the SEC on May 15, 2003 and incorporated herein by reference. 
(5)  Filed as an Exhibit to the Form 8 - K filed with the SEC on August 11, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference. 
(6)  Filed as Exhibits 10.10, 10.18 through 10.20, and 10.22 to the Form 10 - K filed with the SEC on March 15, 2006 and 

incorporated herein by reference. 

(7)  Filed as Exhibits 10.9 and 10.10 to the Form 10 - Q filed with the SEC on May 14, 2004 and incorporated herein by 

reference. 

(8)  Filed as Exhibits 10.26 and 10.27 to the Form 10 - Q filed with the SEC on August 9, 2006 and incorporated herein by 

reference. 

(9)  Filed as Exhibit 10.20 to the Form 10 - K filed with the SEC on March 15, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference. 
(10) Filed as Exhibits 10.1 through 10.3 to the Form 8 - K filed with the SEC on January 8, 2007 and incorporated herein 

by reference. 

(11) Filed as Exhibit 10.23 to the Form 10 - K filed with the SEC on March 13, 2014 and incorporated herein by reference. 
(12) Filed as Exhibit 10.24 to the Form 10 - Q filed with the SEC on May 7, 2015 and incorporated herein by reference. 
(13) Filed as Exhibits 10.1 through 10.3 to the Form 8 - K filed with the SEC on July 11, 2016 and incorporated herein by 

reference. 

(14) Filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Form 8 - K filed with the SEC on March 17, 2017 and incorporated herein by reference. 
(15) Filed as Exhibits 99.1 through 99.4 to the Form 8 - K filed with the SEC on December 28, 2018 and incorporated by 

reference. 

(16) Filed as Exhibit 99.2 to the Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 18, 2019 and incorporated by reference. 
(17) Filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 8-K filed with the SEC on November 11, 2019 and incorporated by reference. 
(18) Filed as Exhibit 99.1 to the Form 8-K filed with the SEC on January 21, 2020 and incorporated by reference. 

* Indicates management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. 

(b)  Financial Statement Schedules 

Schedules to the financial statements are omitted because the required information is not applicable or because the required 
information is presented in the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements or related notes. 

ITEM 16.     FORM 10 - K SUMMARY 

Not Applicable. 

124 

 
 
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly 
caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. 

SIGNATURES 

Dated:  March 12, 2020 

SIERRA BANCORP, 
a California corporation 

By:  /s/ Kevin J. McPhaill 
Kevin J. McPhaill 
President & 
Chief Executive Officer 
(Principal Executive Officer) 

By:  /s/ Christopher G. Treece 
Christopher G. Treece 
Executive Vice President & 
Chief Financial Officer 
(Principal Financial Officer) 

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 
persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. 

Signature 

Title 

/s/ Albert L. Berra 
Albert L. Berra 

/s/ Vonn R. Christenson 
Vonn R. Christenson 

/s/ Laurence S. Dutto, PhD 
Laurence S. Dutto, PhD 

/s/ Robb Evans 
Robb Evans 

/s/ James C. Holly 
James C. Holly 

/s/ Kevin J. McPhaill 
Kevin J. McPhaill 

/s/ Lynda B. Scearcy 
Lynda B. Scearcy 

/s/ Morris A. Tharp 
Morris A. Tharp 

/s/ Gordon T. Woods 
Gordon T. Woods 

/s/ Christopher G. Treece 
Christopher G. Treece 

/s/ Cindy L. Dabney 
Cindy L. Dabney 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Director 

Date 

March 12, 2020 

March 12, 2020 

March 12, 2020 

March 12, 2020 

Vice Chairman of the Board 

March 12, 2020 

President, Chief Executive 
Officer & Director 
(Principal Executive Officer) 

Director 

March 12, 2020 

March 12, 2020 

Chairman of the Board 

March 12, 2020 

Director 

Executive Vice President & 
Chief Financial Officer 
(Principal Financial Officer) 

Senior Vice President & 
Chief Accounting Officer 
(Principal Accounting Officer) 

125 

March 12, 2020 

March 12, 2020 

March 12, 2020 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
2019 ANNUAL REPORT CONTENTS

1  Company Statements / Branch Locations

2  President’s Message

4  Board of Directors / Executive Officers

5  About Sierra Bancorp

6  About Bank of the Sierra

8  Results of Operations

10  Financial Condition

12  Senior Management Team / Administrative Officers

A copy of the Company’s 2019 Annual Report on Form 10-K, including financial 
statements but without exhibits filed with the Securities and Exchange  
Commission, is enclosed herewith. Other news releases may also be  
obtained by visiting: SierraBancorp.com.

2019

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