Quarterlytics / Technology / Telecommunications Services / Singapore Telecommunications Ltd / FY2019 Annual Report

Singapore Telecommunications Ltd
Annual Report 2019

SGT · ASX Technology
Claim this profile
Ticker SGT
Exchange ASX
Sector Technology
Industry Telecommunications Services
Employees 10,000+
← All annual reports
FY2019 Annual Report · Singapore Telecommunications Ltd
Loading PDF…
Annual Report 2019

Reimagining
Your Future

l

i

S
n
g
a
p
o
r
e
T
e
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
L
i
m

i
t
e
d

`

Singapore Telecommunications Limited 
(CRN:199201624D) 
31 Exeter Road, Comcentre 
Singapore 239732
T +65 6838 3388 
www.singtel.com

Copyright © 2019
Printed on environmentally friendly paper

A
n
n
u
a

l

R
e
p
o
r
t
2
0
1
9

 
 
 
 
Reimagining
Your Future

Much has changed over Singtel’s 140-year history. Technology and innovation has made 
the mobile phone central to our daily lives. Fitting into the palm of our hands, they serve as 
gateways to an exciting world of entertainment, information and services. We now stand 
on the cusp of 5G - an era of hyper-connectivity and newer technologies that will further 
revolutionise the way we work and play.

As a leading communications technology provider, we’re proud to be enablers of such 
change. Innovation has always been at the core of our business. Our purpose is to keep on 
pushing boundaries and making breakthroughs, both in our networks and services, so how 
we live our lives, conduct our businesses, entertain ourselves, keep improving. We are here 
for the long haul at Singtel, and we’re reimagining your future to bring a better one to you.

Table of Contents

Overview
An overview of our businesses, our performance, 
key achievements and value created, as well as our 
strategy moving forward

Financial Highlights
FY 2019 Achievements
Chairman’s Message 
GCEO Review

1  
3 
5 
7 
9  Who We Are
11  Our Businesses and Strategy
13 
15  Board of Directors
21  Organisation Structure
22  Management Committee
28  Senior Management

The Value We Create

Business Reviews
Insights into each of our business units

29  Group Consumer
41   Group Enterprise
47  Group Digital Life
53  Key Awards and Accolades

Governance and Sustainability
Our corporate governance, risk management and 
sustainability efforts

55  Governance and Sustainability Philosophy
57   Corporate Governance
87  
Investor Relations
89   Risk Management Philosophy and Approach
100   Sustainability

 
29

Group Consumer

41

Group Enterprise

47

Group Digital Life

55

Governance and 
Sustainability

Performance
Our financial performance

107  Group Five-year Financial Summary
110   Group Value Added Statements
111   Management Discussion and Analysis

Financials
Audited financial statements

Independent Auditors’ Report

121   Directors’ Statement
131  
137  Consolidated Income Statement
138   Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
139   Statements of Financial Position
140   Statements of Changes in Equity
144   Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
147   Notes to the Financial Statements

Additional Information
Our shareholders, transactions with interested persons 
and other corporate information

250   Interested Person Transactions
251  Additional Information on Directors Seeking

Re-election

261   Shareholder Information
263   Corporate Information
264   Contact Points

Scan here to view the
Singtel Annual Report 2019 online.

 
Financial Highlights (1)

Operating Revenue
S$17,372m

S$17,268m in FY 2018

Net Profit
S$3,095m

S$5,473m in FY 2018 (2)

Free Cash Flow
S$3,650m

S$3,606m in FY 2018

Return on Equity
10.4%
18.9% in FY 2018 (2)

CONSTANT CURRENCY

Net Profit
S$3,186m

S$5,473m in FY 2018 (2)

Notes:
(1)  Based on Singapore Financial Reporting Standards (International).
(2) 
Includes the gain on disposal of economic interest in NetLink Trust.
(3)  Return on invested capital is defined as EBIT (post-tax) divided by average capital.
(4)  Excludes the gain on disposal of economic interest in NetLink Trust.

1

EBITDA
S$4,692m

S$5,051m in FY 2018

Underlying Net Profit
S$2,825m

S$3,593m in FY 2018

Shareholder Payout
S$2,857m

S$3,346m in FY 2018

Return on Invested Capital (3)

7.7%

9.6% in FY 2018 (4)

Underlying Net Profit
S$2,908m

S$3,593m in FY 2018

Underlying Net Profit
Contribution by Geography

Operating Revenue
Contribution by Product and Service

8%

7%

S$2,825m

17%

18%

46%

Regional Associates

19%

S$17,372m

31%

25%

Australia

Shareholder Payout
Dividend Per Share (S¢)

2019

2018

17.5

17.5

3.0

Digital Businesses
ICT
Mobile Service
Data and Internet
Sale of Equipment
Others (6)

2017

17.5

29% Singtel has a track record of generous shareholder payouts.

Singapore (5)

Ordinary Dividend
Special Dividend

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019, the Board has recommended  
a final ordinary dividend of 10.7 Singapore cents a share. Together with  
the interim dividend of 6.8 Singapore cents, the total ordinary dividend for 
the year is 17.5 Singapore cents, unchanged from last year. 

Refer to page 119 for the Group’s capital management and dividend policy.

Notes:
(5) 
(6) 

Includes losses from Trustwave and Group Digital Life.
Includes Fixed voice and Pay television.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

2

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
FY 2019 Achievements

We are focused on connecting and empowering everyone, consumers and businesses 
alike, in new and meaningful ways. This means growing our digital capabilities and 
investing in innovation and emerging technologies such as 5G and IoT to bring the 
smart, connected future closer.

Advanced 5G in Australia 
and Singapore

•  Optus introduced Australia’s first 5G commercial 

fixed wireless service.

•  Singtel launched Singapore’s first 5G pilot 

network.

Enhanced cyber security 
capabilities

•  Consolidated cyber assets globally under the 
Trustwave brand to form one of the industry’s 
most comprehensive cyber security companies.

•  Established the first Global Telco Security 
Alliance with AT&T, Etisalat, SoftBank and 
Telefónica to create one of the world’s biggest 
managed security services platforms.

3

Strengthened IoT and 
cloud capabilities

•  Struck partnerships with Microsoft and China 

Mobile to enable enterprises to deploy their IoT 
devices across networks seamlessly.

•  AIS expanded cloud business and data centres 

with the acquisition of CS Loxinfo to provide end-
to-end digital solutions to enterprises in Thailand.

Created regional ecosystem 
of digital services

•  Launched VIA, Asia’s first cross-border mobile 
payment alliance, to create a seamless region-
wide payment network.

•  Entered esports with the launch of PVP Esports 

Championship, a multi-title and regional league.

Launched platform to accelerate 
enterprises’ digital transformation

•  Launched the FutureNow Innovation Centre 

which combines our experience and expertise 
with emerging technologies to help enterprises 
digitalise.

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

Extended digital marketing 
capabilities into TV space

•  Amobee acquired Videology, a technology 

provider for advanced TV and video advertising, 
to unify digital, social and TV advertising on a 
single platform.

•  Amobee signed an exclusive agreement with 

ITV, the UK’s largest commercial broadcaster, to 
power ITV’s premium video advertising and make 
their inventory exclusively available through the 
Amobee technology platform.

Continued to invest in India’s 
growth potential

•  Deepened relationship with Airtel, which 

continues to ride the growth in data in India, 
through our participation in its rights issue.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

4

 
 
 
 
Chairman’s Message

Dear Shareholders,

FY 2019 was more than just 
a challenging year. I would 
characterise it as somewhat of a 
‘perfect storm’ with intensifying 
competition across all markets, 
particularly India and Indonesia, plus 
the added backdrop of heightened 
economic uncertainty. These factors, 
coupled with regional currencies 
moving significantly against us 
and reduced contributions from 
our smaller stake in NetLink Trust, 
contributed to a 21% decline in our 
underlying net profit to S$2.83 billion.  

Your Board has proposed the 
payment of a final dividend of 10.7 
cents per share. If approved, this will 
bring the total full year dividend to 
17.5 cents per share.

RISING TO CHALLENGES  
Last year, I signalled that competition 
was escalating across the region, 
with operators aggressively 
competing for market share. 

In India, we have seen an 
unprecedented situation, where a 
new entrant investing more than 
US$40 billion, has waged a price war, 
driving the industry into losses. 

While this has been painful in the 
short term, we have arrived at a 
three-player market, creating a 
better long-term market structure for 
when the market normalises. 

Airtel has weathered this storm and 
defended its market share. Airtel 
undertook a rights issue in May which 
Singtel has supported to protect our 

investment and ensure Bharti can 
fund its growth.

It is your Board’s belief that India 
will remain a major driver of 
industry growth, supported by the 
government’s Digital India initiative.

In Indonesia, Telkomsel weathered 
intense price competition, particularly 
during the government-mandated 
registration exercise for prepaid 
SIM cards. With the recovery of the 
market, we expect Telkomsel to return 
to growth. 

STRONG CORE PERFORMANCES
Despite challenges, we had strong 
performances in Singapore and 
Australia. Our consumer businesses 
gained mobile market share in both 
countries as our investments in 
networks, content and digitalisation 
paid off. 

Both markets also laid the groundwork 
for 5G. Optus introduced Australia’s 
first 5G commercial service while 
Singtel launched Singapore’s first 5G 
pilot network. New technologies like 
5G will converge with IoT and AI to 
usher in an era of hyper-connectivity 
that will redefine whole industries 
and consumer lifestyles. Our 5G 
investments are part of longer-term 
plans to position us for future growth.   

GROWING NEW GLOBAL 
BUSINESSES
Part of our digital transformation 
involved making calculated 
investments in new businesses that 
would thrive in the future economy. 
Building out our digital businesses: in 
cyber security, we consolidated the 

Group’s operations and resources 
into a single global entity under the 
Trustwave brand to form one of the 
industry’s most comprehensive global 
cyber security companies. Our digital 
marketing business Amobee has 
achieved scale, while the acquisition 
of Videology, a software provider for 
the high-growth advanced TV and 
video advertising segments, positions 
us strongly for a converged media 
landscape. 

Your Board is aware that the value 
of these investments is not being 
recognised in our share price and 
management intends to unlock this 
value at the appropriate time. We 
are also leveraging our regional 
scale and partnerships to drive a 
digital ecosystem across our mobile 
customer base of more than 690 
million.  

DEEPENING SUSTAINABILITY 
EFFORTS
As the sustainability conversation 
evolves, so has Singtel’s efforts in this 
space. To reduce our carbon footprint 
even further to align with the global 
climate agenda, we are exploring 
long-term renewable energy supply 
options to help us fulfil our aspiration 
to be carbon neutral. Our efforts 
have not gone unnoticed and we 
continue to be recognised globally 
in areas such as climate change, 
governance and diversity. We were 
one of four Singapore firms and the 
only Southeast Asian communications 
company to be listed in the 2019 
Bloomberg Gender-Equality Index. 

5

GOVERNANCE  
On that note, I am happy to welcome 
Gail Kelly, Bradley Horowitz and 
Dominic Barton to the Singtel Board. 
Their respective backgrounds in 
fi nance, technology and consulting 
add to our diversity and bring a fresh 
infusion of expertise. I would also 
like to express my heartfelt thanks to 
Peter Mason and Bobby Chin – both 
of whom are retiring from the Board. 
Their insights and contributions over 
the years have been invaluable.  

Good governance is fundamental for 
long-term business sustainability and 
value creation for our stakeholders. 
Our eff orts on this front continue to 
be recognised as we were named 
ASEAN’s Top 5 and Singapore’s Top 3 
Publicly Listed Companies at the 2nd 
ASEAN Corporate Governance Awards. 
We are committed to maintaining the 
highest standards of governance and 
will continue to improve our policies 
and processes.

Yours sincerely,

SIMON ISRAEL
Chairman

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

New technologies like 5G will converge 
with IoT and AI to usher in an era of 
hyper-connectivity that will redefi ne 
whole industries and consumer 
lifestyles. Our 5G investments are part 
of longer-term plans to position us for 
future growth.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

6

 
 
 
 
GCEO Review

Dear Shareholders, 

give us one of the strongest credit 
ratings among telecom companies.            

TURNING THE CORNER ON A 
CHALLENGING YEAR 
We have executed well and gained 
mobile share in our core markets 
in Singapore and Australia against 
intense competition. However, the past 
year was far from business as usual. 
Our results were affected by carriage 
pricing erosion in the enterprise 
segment and challenging conditions 
in India and Indonesia. Competition 
intensified across virtually all our 
markets as operators jostled for 
market share while advances in 
technology continued to disrupt the 
telco industry, putting more pressure 
on prices and return on investment. 
With currency headwinds and the 
exceptional gain recorded last year 
from our NetLink Trust divestment, net 
profit dropped 44% to S$3.1 billion. Our 
underlying net profit declined 21%.

Against this backdrop of tougher 
industry and business conditions, 
we stayed the course on digital 
transformation which puts us in good 
stead. Our efforts to stay relevant 
to customers through digitalisation 
paid off as our core consumer 
business raised the bar in products 
and services and customer service 
standards. The race by governments 
and enterprises to digitalise their 
processes and operations also 
presented new opportunities for 
our enterprise business, particularly 
Trustwave and NCS. Having invested 
in deepening our capabilities in cyber 
security, cloud, data analytics and IoT, 
ICT services now constitute 48% of our 
enterprise revenue. Amid a difficult 
year, we were financially disciplined 
and prudent in managing our costs 
and investments. Our strong free cash 
flow generation and balance sheet 

7

REGIONAL MARKET GROWTH 
We have a unique regional presence 
that is of scale. Our positive long-
term view of our regional assets and 
diversification hasn’t changed. While 
it was a particularly bruising year for 
India which faced such aggressive 
competition that only three operators 
now stand, Airtel has weathered 
the storm and strengthened its 
balance sheet with a rights issue to 
further compete in a consolidated 
market that remains buoyed by the 
growth potential of Digital India. 
Indonesia had a nationwide SIM card 
registration exercise which affected 
the industry but the market is now 
recovering. Globe had a stellar year 
with robust revenue share growth 
in mobile and broadband, and AIS 
continued to lead the market in 
Thailand. We expect our associates 
to deliver positive growth fueled by 
exponential growth in smartphone 
adoption and a plethora of 
applications and content.

DIFFERENTIATING A RESILIENT 
CORE    
The competitive landscapes in our 
core markets of Singapore and 
Australia have changed with more 
players, including MVNOs, in the 
industry coupled with increasing 
capital intensity with 5G rollout 
expectations. Our businesses will 
accelerate digitalisation, automation 
and robotic processes combining 
AI tools and data analytics to drive 
productivity, cost savings and 
better customer experiences. We 
have differentiated with product 
innovations, quality content and 
partnerships that were well-received 
by customers. We remain committed 

to providing superior network 
coverage and connectivity and 
leading the way to 5G. While 5G 
spectrum policy is still being finalised 
in Singapore, we are piloting the 
island’s first 5G network. In Australia, 
Optus with its extensive 5G spectrum 
portfolio became the first carrier to 
provide high-speed home broadband 
services on 5G. 

DRIVING NEW GROWTH IN DIGITAL 
As governments race to build smart 
cities and enterprises future-proof 
their operations, we will leverage 
this rising tide of digitalisation to 
drive growth in our ICT and digital 
businesses. Both our cyber security 
business Trustwave and digital 
marketing arm Amobee, while not 
yet profitable, have executed their 
strategies. We are confident they 
will continue their revenue growth 
momentum to become leading 
players.

We are also pursuing new growth 
by developing a regional digital 
ecosystem that unlocks the value 
of the Group’s 690 million strong 
customer base. Given that Singtel, 
Optus and all our associates remain 
leaders in their respective markets, 
we’re jointly tapping into these 
markets in the mobile payments, 
financial services, esports and 
gaming spaces. The size of our 
combined markets, our irrefutable 
network leadership and product 
innovation, and our valuable customer 
relationships – position us to drive 
synergies and reap benefits from such 
an ecosystem.    

SUSTAINABILITY AND FUTURE-
READINESS 
We remain committed to creating 
sustainable business growth 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
while driving positive change in 
our communities. As our digital 
transformation accelerates, we 
are investing in building a future-
ready team. Our reskilling eff orts 
include working with researchers 
and partners within the ecosystem 
in the areas of cyber security and 
5G to develop capabilities for 
the new economy. Our diversity 
and inclusiveness are vital to our 
transformation process. As women 
comprise half of the Group’s 
customers, women now constitute a 
third of our workforce, management 
and Board which helps us better 
understand and answer to the needs 
of our stakeholders. We stay dedicated 
to the vulnerable segments in our 
society with our fl agship philanthropy 
programme, the Singtel Touching 
Lives’ Fund, supporting the education 
of children and youth with special 
needs in Singapore. We are giving 
back to the larger society, having 
contributed to Perth’s landmark Optus 
Stadium last year and most recently, 
Esplanade’s new waterfront theatre in 
Singapore. 

I would like to thank the Board for 
their guidance, and our partners 
and shareholders for their continued 
support for our transformation eff orts. 
My appreciation also goes to the 
Singtel team and our union leadership 
whose unstinting commitment to 
change has helped sustain our 
successful record thus far. 

Yours sincerely, 

CHUA SOCK KOONG
Group Chief Executive Offi  cer

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

We expect our associates to deliver 
positive growth fueled by exponential 
growth in smartphone adoption 
and a plethora of applications and 
content.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

8

 
 
 
 
More than

70%

of earnings from 
operations outside of 
Singapore

Who We Are

Asia’s leading 
communications 
technology 
group

In the course of our 140-year history, 
we have played a key role in Singapore’s 
development as a telecommunications 
hub for the region. Together with our 
regional associates AIS, Airtel, Globe and 
Telkomsel, we’ve grown to become Asia’s 
leading communications technology 
group, providing an extensive range of 
telecommunications and digital services 
to consumers and businesses across Asia, 
Australia, Africa and the US. Through 
constant innovation in next-generation 
technologies and a deep understanding 
of our markets, we are bringing the future 
of connectivity closer to our customers.

Over

mobile customers in

690m
21

countries

9

60

Enterprise 
global offi  ces in

23

countries

Notes:
(1)   Based on direct equity interest only.
(2)   Singtel has 21.5% interest in Globe’s voting shares.
All fi gures as at 31 March 2019 unless otherwise stated.

India | South Asia | Africa

Thailand

Philippines

39.5% eff ective interest
Mobile customers:
283m (India)
2.6m (South Asia)
99m (Africa)

23.3% of ordinary shares (1)
41m mobile customers

47.1% of ordinary shares (2)
83m mobile customers

21.0% of ordinary shares
An investor in telcos, media 
and technology

Indonesia

35.0% eff ective interest
169m mobile customers

Singapore

4.2m mobile customers
0.6m broadband customers

Australia

10.3m mobile customers
1.2m broadband customers

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

10

 
 
 
 
Our Businesses and Strategy

From telco to global communications 
technology company

Vision

Mission

To be Asia Pacific’s best communications 
technology company.

To create sustainable long-term growth, deliver superior 
shareholder returns and generate positive impact for 
stakeholders.

Strategic Priorities

Differentiators

Businesses

Accelerating Digital 
Transformation

 Customer 
Relationships

Digitalising 
Core Businesses

Connectivity

Growing New Digital 
Services

Network 
Leadership

Building a Regional 
Digital Ecosystem

Data Insights

Championing 
Sustainability

Digital 
Innovation

11

The digital revolution has brought a slew of new opportunities for Singtel as 
consumers and enterprises embrace the connected world. We are accelerating 
our digital transformation in preparation for a more intelligent future with the 
convergence of technologies such as AI, IoT and 5G that will radically change how we 
live and do business. We have developed new digital growth drivers such as cyber 
security and digital marketing that leverage our existing assets and strengths in 
connectivity and smart data. We are also leveraging our regional scale and reach to 
drive a digital ecosystem, that includes mobile fi nancial services and new forms of 
content, to unlock the value of our more than 690 million mobile customer base.

Group Consumer

Off ers a range of digital services from music, OTT video, to mobile payments in addition 
to voice, messaging, broadband and pay-TV.

Read more about Group Consumer from page 29 - 40.

Group Enterprise

Delivers core enterprise ICT services as well as cloud, IoT, cyber security and 
smart city solutions.

Read more about Group Enterprise from page 41 - 46.

Group Digital Life

Focuses on digital marketing, data analytics and OTT video.

Read more about Group Digital Life from page 47 - 52.

Stakeholders

Customers

Investors

Communities

Regulators and 
Governments

Employees

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

12

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
The Value We Create

Beyond connecting people and enabling businesses, we believe in creating value for 
our customers, our investors, our people, and the communities in which we operate.

For Our Customers

Providing secure 
high-speed data 
connectivity with 

428

points of presence in

362

cities globally.

Our regional associates 
now have more than 

319m

mobile data users, a 

15%

increase from a year ago.

For Our Investors

We paid

S$2,857m 

in dividends and 

S$393m 

in interest.

Accolades

#1 in Singapore Governance and Transparency 
Index 2018

ASEAN’s Top 5 Publicly Listed Companies at ASEAN 
Corporate Governance Awards 2018

Singapore’s Top 3 Publicly Listed Companies at 
ASEAN Corporate Governance Awards 2018

5-year Total Shareholder Return

Singtel

1.0%

Straits Times Index

3.6%

Source: Bloomberg, 2014-2019

13

For Our People

We supported 
more than 

200

students through 
our internship 
and scholarship 
programmes this year.

In FY 2019, 
we invested over

S$26m 

to train staff  in Singapore 
and Australia, clocking an 
average of about 

29

hours per person.

For Our Communities

Our digital citizenship programmes 
taught digital literacy to over 

380,000 

students in Singapore and Australia 
since FY 2016.

We supported more than

8,000

SMEs in their digitalisation 
journey since the launch of the 
99%SME campaign.

This year we 
achieved a

64% 

carbon emissions intensity 
reduction from baseline year of 
FY 2015.

We contributed

S$20.3m 

to the community and spent

26,709

hours in staff  volunteering
in FY 2019.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

14

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Board of Directors

Simon Israel
•  Non-executive and non-independent Director
•  Chairman, Singtel Board
•  Chairman, Finance and Investment Committee
•  Member, Corporate Governance and Nominations Committee
•  Member, Executive Resource and Compensation Committee
•  Member, Optus Advisory Committee
•  Date of appointment: Director on 4 July 2003 and Chairman on 
  29 July 2011
•  Last re-elected: 29 July 2016
•  Number of directorships in listed companies (including Singtel): 3

Mr Simon Israel, 66, is the Chairman of Singapore 
Post Limited and a Director of Fonterra Co-
operative Group Limited and Stewardship Asia 
Centre CLG Limited. He is also a member of the 
Governing Board of Lee Kuan Yew School of Public 
Policy and Westpac’s Asia Advisory Board. Simon 
is a former Director of CapitaLand Limited and 
Stewardship Asia Centre Pte. Ltd.

Simon was an Executive Director and President of 
Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited before retiring 
on 1 July 2011. Prior to that, he was Chairman, Asia 
Pacifi c of the Danone Group. Simon also held 
various positions in Sara Lee Corporation before 
becoming President (Household & Personal Care), 
Asia Pacifi c.

Simon was conferred Knight in the Legion of 
Honour by the French government in 2007 and 
awarded the Public Service Medal at the Singapore 
National Day Awards 2011. He holds a Diploma in 
Business Studies from The University of the South 
Pacifi c.

Chua Sock Koong
•  Executive and non-independent Director
•  Member, Optus Advisory Committee
•  Date of appointment: Director on 12 October 2006 and Group Chief 

Executive Offi  cer (CEO) on 1 April 2007

•  Last re-elected: 28 July 2017
•  Number of directorships in listed companies (including Singtel): 2

Ms Chua Sock Koong, 61, was appointed Group CEO 
on 1 April 2007. She has overall responsibility for the 
Group’s businesses.

Sock Koong joined Singtel in June 1989 as Treasurer 
before becoming CFO in April 1999. She held the 
positions of Group CFO and CEO, International 
from February 2006 to 12 October 2006, when she 
was appointed Deputy Group CEO.

Sock Koong sits on the boards of Bharti Airtel 
Limited, Bharti Telecom Limited, the Defence 
Science and Technology Agency, Cap Vista Pte Ltd 
and key subsidiaries of the Singtel Group. She is 
also Deputy Chair of the GSMA Board. 

She is a member of the Singapore Management 
University Board of Trustees, the Public Service 
Commission, the Research, Innovation and 
Enterprise Council and the Indonesia-Singapore 
Business Council. She is also an alternate member 
of Singapore’s Council of Presidential Advisers.

Sock Koong holds a Bachelor of Accountancy 
(First Class Honours) from the University of 
Singapore. She is a Fellow Member of the Institute 
of Singapore Chartered Accountants and a CFA 
charterholder.

15

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

Gautam Banerjee
•  Non-executive and independent Director
•  Member, Audit Committee
•  Member, Risk Committee
•  Date of appointment: 1 March 2018
•  Last re-elected: 24 July 2018
•  Number of directorships in listed companies (including Singtel): 4

Dominic Barton
•  Non-executive and independent Director
•  Member, Finance and Investment Committee
•  Member, Risk Committee
•  Date of appointment: 25 March 2019 
•  Number of directorships in listed companies (including Singtel): 2

Mr Gautam Banerjee, 64, is Senior Managing 
Director of Blackstone Group and Chairman of 
Blackstone Singapore Pte Ltd. Gautam spent over 
30 years with PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC) and 
was a Senior Partner and Executive Chairman of 
PwC Singapore until he retired on 31 December 
2012.

Gautam sits on the boards of Singapore Airlines 
Limited, Piramal Enterprises Limited, The Indian 
Hotels Company Limited, GIC Private Limited and 
EDBI Pte Ltd. He also serves in several not-for-
profi t organisations including Defence Science and 
Technology Agency, Listings Advisory Committee of 
the Singapore Exchange, Singapore Legal Service 
Commission and Yale-NUS College. He was a 
Director of The Straits Trading Company Limited.

Gautam holds a Bachelor of Science (Honours) and 
an Honorary Doctor of Laws (LLD) from Warwick 
University. He is a fellow member of the Institute of 
Chartered Accountants in England and Wales, the 
Institute of Singapore Chartered Accountants and 
the Singapore Institute of Directors.

Mr Dominic Barton, 56, is Senior Partner of 
McKinsey & Company. Until July 2018, Dominic 
was the Global Managing Partner of McKinsey & 
Company. Prior to that, he was based in Shanghai 
as McKinsey’s Asia Chairman and also led the 
Korea offi  ce.  

Dominic is the Chairman of Teck Resources Limited. 
He is the Chancellor of the University of Waterloo, 
the Chairman of the International Integrated 
Reporting Council, the Canadian Minister of 
Finance’s Advisory Council on Economic Growth 
and the Seoul International Business Advisory 
Council. He is also a trustee of the Brookings 
Institution, a member of the Singapore Economic 
Development Board’s International Advisory 
Council, and a member of the boards of Memorial 
Sloan Kettering in New York City and the Asia 
Pacifi c Foundation of Canada. He is one of the 
founders of FCLT Global.

Dominic holds a Bachelor of Arts (Honours) in 
Economics from the University of British Columbia 
and a Master of Philosophy in Economics from 
Oxford University, where he studied as a Rhodes 
Scholar.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

16

 
 
 
 
Board of Directors

Bobby Chin
•  Non-executive and independent Director
•  Chairman, Audit Committee
•  Member, Risk Committee
•  Date of appointment: 1 May 2012
•  Last re-elected: 24 July 2018
•  Number of directorships in listed companies (including Singtel): 4

Venky Ganesan

•  Non-executive and independent Director
•  Chairman, Technology Advisory Panel
•  Member, Finance and Investment Committee
•  Date of appointment: 2 February 2015
•  Last re-elected: 24 July 2018
•  Number of directorships in listed companies (including Singtel): 1

Mr Bobby Chin, 67, is a member of the Council 
of Presidential Advisers and Chairman of the 
Corporate Governance Advisory Committee, the 
Housing & Development Board, NTUC Fairprice Co-
operative Limited and NTUC Fairprice Foundation 
Ltd. He is the Deputy Chairman of NTUC Enterprise 
Co-operative Limited. He serves on the boards of 
the Singapore Labour Foundation and Temasek 
Holdings (Private) Limited. He is Chairman of 
Frasers Commercial Asset Management Ltd and 
also a Director of several listed companies, namely 
Yeo Hiap Seng Limited, Ho Bee Land Limited and AV 
Jennings Limited.

Bobby was the Managing Partner of KPMG 
Singapore from 1992 until his retirement in 
September 2005. He was a Director of SembCorp 
Industries Ltd.

Bobby holds a Bachelor of Accountancy from the 
University of Singapore. He is an associate member 
of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England 
and Wales.

Mr Venkataraman (Venky) Ganesan, 45, is one of 
the Managing Partners of Menlo Ventures, a top-
tier Silicon Valley venture capital fi rm. He focuses 
on investments in the consumer and enterprise 
sectors. Venky sits on the boards of several 
portfolio companies of Menlo Ventures. He is also 
a Board member of Amobee, Inc., a wholly-owned 
subsidiary of Singtel.

Prior to joining Menlo Ventures, Venky was 
Managing Director at Globespan Capital Partners. 
Before Globespan, he was one of the founders of 
Trigo Technologies. He also worked at McKinsey & 
Company and Microsoft as a Program Manager. 
He is the former Chair of the National Venture 
Capital Association and a former Director of Gild, 
Inc., Handle, Inc., Palo Alto Networks Inc and 
Virident Systems.

Venky holds a Bachelor of Arts in Economics-
Mathematics from Reed College and a Bachelor 
of Science in Engineering and Applied Science 
(Honours) from the California Institute of 
Technology in the US.

17

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

Bradley Horowitz
•  Non-executive and independent Director
•  Member, Finance and Investment Committee
•  Member, Technology Advisory Panel
•  Date of appointment: 26 December 2018 
•  Number of directorships in listed companies (including Singtel): 1

Gail Kelly
•  Non-executive and independent Director
•  Member, Audit Committee
•  Member, Executive Resource and Compensation Committee
•  Member, Optus Advisory Committee
•  Date of appointment: 26 December 2018
•  Number of directorships in listed companies (including Singtel): 1

Mr Bradley Horowitz, 54, is Vice President of 
Product Management at Google, Inc. Over the 
past decade, Bradley has led product development 
for a wide array of consumer products at Google 
including Gmail, Google Drive & Docs, Blogger, 
Google Voice, Google News and Google Photos.  
Prior to joining Google, he was the Vice President of 
Advanced Development at Yahoo, Inc.  

Bradley is an independent Director of Issuu, Inc. 
and also a member of the Visiting Committee 
of Media Lab at the Massachusetts Institute of 
Technology.

Bradley holds a Bachelor in Computer Science from 
the University of Michigan and a Masters in Media 
Science from the Media Lab at the Massachusetts 
Institute of Technology.

Mrs Gail Kelly, 63, is a Board Director of Australian 
Philanthropic Services. She is also a Senior Global 
Adviser to UBS and a member of the Group of 
Thirty, Bretton Woods Committee, McKinsey 
Advisory Council and PLuS Alliance Advisory Board.

Gail’s executive banking career spanned 35 years. 
She was the Group Chief Executive Offi  cer and 
Managing Director of two banks in Australia – 
St.George Bank from 2002 to 2007 and Westpac 
Banking Corporation from 2008 to 2015. She was 
previously a Director of Woolworths Holdings 
Limited in South Africa, Country Road Group, David 
Jones and the Business Council of Australia.

Gail holds a Bachelor of Arts and Higher Diploma 
of Education from the University of Cape Town 
and a Masters of Business Administration 
(with Distinction) from the University of the 
Witwatersrand. She has been awarded an 
Honorary Doctorate of Business by the University 
of New South Wales, Macquarie University and 
Charles Sturt University and an Honorary Doctorate 
of Science in Economics by the University of Sydney.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

18

 
 
 
 
Board of Directors

Low Check Kian

Peter Mason AM (1)

•  Non-executive and Lead Independent Director
•  Chairman, Corporate Governance and Nominations Committee
•  Member, Finance and Investment Committee
•  Date of appointment: Director on 9 May 2011 and Lead Independent 

Director on 21 July 2015
•  Last re-elected: 28 July 2017
•  Number of directorships in listed companies (including Singtel): 2

•   Non-executive and independent Director
•   Chairman, Executive Resource and Compensation Committee
•   Chairman, Optus Advisory Committee
•   Date of appointment: 21 September 2010
•   Last re-elected: 29 July 2016
•   Number of directorships in listed companies (including Singtel): 2

Mr Low Check Kian, 60, is a Director of Cluny 
Park Capital. He was previously one of the 
founding partners of NewSmith Capital Partners 
LLP (NewSmith), an independent partnership 
providing corporate fi nance advice and investment 
management services with its headquarters based 
in London. Prior to founding NewSmith, he was a 
Senior Vice President and member of the Executive 
Management Committee of Merrill Lynch & Co and 
its Chairman for the Asia Pacifi c region.

Check Kian also sits on the boards of Broadcom 
Limited, Singtel Innov8 Pte. Ltd. and Singtel Innov8 
Holdings Pte. Ltd., and is a trustee of the Singapore 
London School of Economics Trust and Nanyang 
Technological University. He was a Director of 
Neptune Orient Lines Limited and Fullerton Fund 
Management Company Ltd.

Check Kian holds a B. Sc (First Class Honours) and 
M. Sc in Economics from the London School of 
Economics.

19

Mr Peter Mason, 72, is Chairman of AusNet Services 
Limited and a Senior Advisor to UBS Australia. He is 
a Director of the Centre for Independent Studies.

Peter has more than 40 years’ experience in 
investment banking, including JP Morgan and 
Schroders. He has been Chairman and a Director 
of a number of Australian companies.

Peter is a Member of the Order of Australia. 
He holds a Bachelor of Commerce (First Class 
Honours), an MBA and an Honorary Doctorate from 
The University of New South Wales, Australia.

Note:
(1)   Member of the Order of Australia.

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

Christina Ong

Teo Swee Lian

•   Non-executive and independent Director
•   Member, Audit Committee
•   Member, Corporate Governance and Nominations Committee
•   Date of appointment: 7 April 2014
•   Last re-elected: 29 July 2016
•   Number of directorships in listed companies (including Singtel): 4

•  Non-executive and independent Director
•  Chairman, Risk Committee
•  Member, Corporate Governance and Nominations Committee
•  Member, Executive Resource and Compensation Committee
•  Date of appointment: 13 April 2015
•  Last re-elected: 24 July 2018
•  Number of directorships in listed companies (including Singtel): 3

Mrs Christina Ong, 67, is Co-Chairman and Senior 
Partner of Allen & Gledhill LLP as well as Co-Head of 
its Financial Services Department. She is a Director of 
Hongkong Land Holdings Limited, Oversea-Chinese 
Banking Corporation Limited, SIA Engineering 
Company Limited and Epimetheus Ltd. Christina is 
a member of the Catalist Advisory Panel and the 
Corporate Governance Advisory Committee, a trustee 
of The Stephen A. Schwarzman Scholars Trust and 
a member of the Supervisory Committee of the ABF 
Singapore Bond Index Fund. She also sits on the 
boards of companies and entities which are owned 
by Allen & Gledhill LLP. She is a former Director of 
Singapore Tourism Board and Trailblazer Foundation 
Ltd.

Christina is a lawyer and she provides corporate 
and corporate regulatory and compliance advice, 
particularly to listed companies. Her areas of practice 
include banking and securities.

Christina holds a Bachelor of Laws (Second Upper 
Class Honours) from the University of Singapore. She 
is a member of the Law Society of Singapore and the 
International Bar Association.

Ms Teo Swee Lian, 59, is the Chairman of CapitaLand 
Mall Trust, a Director of AIA Group Ltd, Avanda 
Investment Management Pte Ltd, Cliff ord Capital Pte. 
Ltd. and Dubai Financial Services Authority, a member 
of the Governing Board of the Duke-NUS Medical 
School and a council member of the Asian Bureau 
of Finance & Economic Research of NUS Business 
School.

Swee Lian was Special Advisor in the Managing 
Director’s Offi  ce at the Monetary Authority of 
Singapore (MAS) until she stepped down in early June 
2015. Prior to that, she was the Deputy Managing 
Director in charge of Financial Supervision at 
the MAS, where she oversaw macroeconomic 
surveillance, regulation and supervision of the 
banking, insurance and capital markets industries.  
Swee Lian was also a member of the Corporate 
Governance Council formed by the MAS and the 
Singapore Exchange Diversity Action Committee.

Swee Lian holds a B. Sc (First Class Honours) 
in Mathematics from Imperial College, London 
University and an M. Sc in Applied Statistics from 
Oxford University.

Notes:
1. 
2.  Mr Peter Ong stepped down from the Singtel Board following the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting on 24 July 2018.

Information as at 15 May 2019.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

20

 
 
 
 
Organisation Structure

Group Chief Executive Offi  cer
Chua Sock Koong

Group Businesses

Corporate Functions

Chief Executive Offi  cer
Consumer Australia / 
Chief Executive Offi  cer Optus
Allen Lew

Chief Executive Offi  cer
Consumer Singapore /
Group Chief Digital Offi  cer
Yuen Kuan Moon

Chief Executive Offi  cer
Group Enterprise / Country
Chief Offi  cer Singapore
Bill Chang

Chief Executive Offi  cer
Group Digital Life
Samba Natarajan

Chief Executive Offi  cer
International
Arthur Lang

21

Audit Committee

Group Chief 
Internal Auditor
Craig Young

Group Chief 
Corporate Offi  cer
Jeann Low

Group Chief 
Financial Offi  cer
Lim Cheng Cheng

Group Chief 
Human Resources Offi  cer
Aileen Tan

Group Chief 
Information Offi  cer
William Woo

Group Chief 
Technology Offi  cer
Mark Chong

Management Committee

Chua Sock Koong

Bill Chang

Ms Chua Sock Koong, 61, was appointed Group 
CEO on 1 April 2007. She has overall responsibility 
for the Group’s businesses.

Sock Koong joined Singtel in June 1989 as Treasurer 
before becoming CFO in April 1999. She held the 
positions of Group CFO and CEO, International 
from February 2006 to 12 October 2006, when she 
was appointed Deputy Group CEO. 

Sock Koong sits on the boards of Bharti Airtel 
Limited, Bharti Telecom Limited, the Defence 
Science and Technology Agency, Cap Vista Pte Ltd 
and key subsidiaries of the Singtel Group. She is 
also Deputy Chair of the GSMA Board. 

She is a member of the Singapore Management 
University Board of Trustees, the Public Service 
Commission, the Research, Innovation and 
Enterprise Council and the Indonesia-Singapore 
Business Council. She is also an alternate member 
of Singapore’s Council of Presidential Advisers. 

Sock Koong holds a Bachelor of Accountancy 
(First Class Honours) from the University of 
Singapore. She is a Fellow Member of the Institute 
of Singapore Chartered Accountants and a CFA 
charterholder.

Mr Bill Chang, 52, was appointed Chief Executive 
Offi  cer, Group Enterprise on 16 July 2012. He leads 
the infocomm and technology (ICT) team, providing 
solutions to enterprise customers. He also assumed 
the role of Country Chief Offi  cer Singapore on 
1 October 2014, as principal liaison with local and 
regulatory bodies. 

Bill joined Singtel in November 2005 as Executive Vice 
President of Corporate Business and subsequently as 
Managing Director, Business Group. 

Bill is the Chairman of the Singapore Polytechnic 
Board of Governors and co-chaired the Future 
Jobs and Skills Sub-committee of the Committee on 
the Future Economy of Singapore. He is a member 
of the Australian Institute of Company Directors’ 
International Advisory Technology Governance 
and Innovations Panel, and the Board of Urban 
Redevelopment Authority of Singapore. 

For his contributions, Bill has won multiple 
recognitions including the Public Service Star in 
conjunction with National Day Honours, the Singapore 
Computer Society’s IT Leader of the Year award in 
2017, and the honorary Fellow of the Society in 2014.

Bill graduated with a Bachelor of Engineering 
(Honours) in Electrical and Computer Systems 
Engineering from Monash University, Australia and 
attended the Harvard Business School’s Advanced 
Management Program.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

22

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Management Committee

Mark Chong

Arthur Lang

Mr Mark Chong, 55, was appointed Group Chief 
Technology Offi  cer on 1 April 2017. He leads the 
Group’s technology strategy and innovations in 
the transformation of its networks and businesses 
across Singapore and Australia. Prior to his 
appointment, Mark was CEO, International from 
January 2013 to March 2017. 

Mark joined Singtel in 1997 and has held various 
executive positions in the company including the 
roles of EVP (Networks) in Singapore and Chief 
Operating Offi  cer of Advanced Info Service Public 
Company Limited (AIS), Singtel’s associate in 
Thailand.

Mark has represented Singtel on the Boards of 
public listed companies such as Globe Telecom, 
Bharti Infratel, CS Loxinfo PCL and other non-
listed companies such as OpenNet. He is currently 
Chairman of Bridge Mobile Alliance and an 
Authority member of the Civil Aviation Authority of 
Singapore. 

He graduated with a Bachelor of Electronics 
Engineering and Master in Research in Electronic 
Systems from ENSERG, Grenoble, France, on a 
Singapore Government scholarship. Mr Chong 
obtained his MBA from the National University of 
Singapore. He is a Senior Fellow with the Singapore 
Computer Society.

Mr Arthur Lang, 47, is CEO, International 
having joined Singtel in January 2017. His main 
responsibilities are to oversee the growth of the 
Group’s regional associates across Africa, India, 
Indonesia, the Philippines and Thailand, strengthen 
their relationships with overseas partners, and drive 
regional initiatives, such as the regional mobile 
fi nancial and gaming businesses, for scale and 
synergies.

Prior to joining Singtel, Arthur was Group Chief 
Financial Offi  cer of CapitaLand Limited, where 
he also ran CapitaLand’s real estate fund 
management business. Prior to CapitaLand, Arthur 
was at Morgan Stanley where he was Co-head 
of the Southeast Asia investment banking division 
and Chief Operating Offi  cer of the Asia Pacifi c 
investment banking division.

Arthur is a board member of Airtel Africa, Globe 
Telecom, Bharti Infratel Limited, NetLink NBN Trust, 
the Land Transport Authority of Singapore, the 
National Kidney Foundation and the Straits Times 
School Pocket Money Fund. He also sits on the 
Advisory Board of the Lee Kong Chian School of 
Business, SMU. In 2018, Arthur was awarded the 
Public Service Medal for his contributions.

Arthur has an MBA from the Harvard Business 
School and a BA in Economics (magna cum laude) 
from Harvard University.

23

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

Allen Lew

Lim Cheng Cheng

Mr Allen Lew, 64, was appointed Chief Executive 
Offi  cer, Consumer Australia and Chief Executive 
Offi  cer, Optus on 1 October 2014.

Prior to that, Allen was CEO, Group Digital Life 
where he transformed the Group into a leading 
player in the digital ecosystem. He was also Country 
Chief Offi  cer Singapore.

Allen began his career with Singtel on 7 November 
1980 and has served in various senior management 
roles, both in Singapore and overseas. His fi rst 
overseas posting was to Advanced Info Service 
Public Company Limited (AIS), Singtel’s regional 
associate. He was the Chief Operating Offi  cer of 
AIS for three years before his posting to Optus in 
late 2001, as Managing Director of Optus Mobile 
and later as Managing Director of Optus Consumer 
Business. He returned to Singapore as CEO 
Singapore in 2006.

Allen is the Chairman of the AIS Executive 
Committee.

He holds a Bachelor of Electrical Engineering 
from the University of Western Australia under a 
Colombo Plan Scholarship and a Master of Science 
(Management) from the Massachusetts Institute of 
Technology.

Ms Lim Cheng Cheng, 47, is Group Chief Financial 
Offi  cer. She assumed this role on 10 April 2015 
and is responsible for the Singtel Group’s fi nance- 
related functions including tax, treasury and 
investor relations. 

Cheng Cheng has over 24 years of experience in 
fi nance and mergers and acquisitions. She joined 
Singtel in 2012 as Vice President, Group Strategic 
Investment and was appointed Deputy GCFO on 
1 October 2014. Prior to that, she was Managing 
Director, Group Strategic Investments.

Before joining Singtel, Cheng Cheng was Executive 
Vice President and CFO at SMRT Corporation. 
She also worked at Singapore Power for 10 
years in various corporate planning, investments 
and fi nance roles, the last being Head and Vice 
President (Financial Planning and Analysis). 

Cheng Cheng is a non-executive, non-independent 
Director at SingPost and is the winner of the Best 
CFO (big cap) title at the 2018 Singapore Corporate 
Awards. Cheng Cheng also serves on the Board of 
Governors of Raffl  es Girls’ School.  

Cheng Cheng holds an MBA from the University of 
Chicago Booth School of Business and a Bachelor 
of Accountancy from Nanyang Technological 
University. She is a Chartered Accountant 
(Singapore) of the Institute of Singapore Chartered 
Accountants. 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

24

 
 
 
 
Management Committee

Jeann Low

Samba Natarajan

Ms Jeann Low, 58, was appointed Group Chief 
Corporate Offi  cer on 10 April 2015. She is 
responsible for the Group’s corporate functions 
including strategy, mergers and acquisitions, 
corporate communications, legal, regulatory and 
procurement.

Mr Samba Natarajan, 53, is Chief Executive Offi  cer, 
Group Digital Life. He joined Singtel in May 2014 as 
Managing Director of Digital Enterprise, leading 
a team focused on identifying and executing on 
growth opportunities from emerging technology 
trends.

Prior to this role, she was Group Chief Financial 
Offi  cer for seven years. Jeann joined Singtel on 
12 October 1998 as Group Financial Controller 
and has held several management roles including 
Executive Vice President of Strategic Investments 
and CFO of Optus.

Jeann is a member of the Governing Board of the 
Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine. She is also a 
Director of Advanced Info Service Public Company 
Limited (AIS) and Intouch Holdings Public Company 
Limited.

Jeann holds an Honours Degree in Accountancy 
from the National University of Singapore and 
is a Fellow Member of the Institute of Singapore 
Chartered Accountants.

Samba has more than 25 years of corporate 
and consulting experience across a wide range 
of senior roles in the areas of strategy, business 
development and fi nance. He worked for Citibank 
from 1988 to 1997 and McKinsey & Company from 
1999 to 2014. In his last role at McKinsey, he was 
the Leader of Southeast Asia Technology, Media & 
Telecommunications practice.

Samba serves on the Board of Directors of Globe 
Telecom in the Philippines. He is also a member of 
the Board of the Singapore American School.

Samba holds a Bachelor of Engineering degree in 
Electrical Engineering with distinction from the Birla 
Institute of Technology and Science in Pilani, India; 
a Post Graduate Diploma in Management from the 
Indian Institute of Management in Ahmedabad, 
India, and an MBA from the Wharton School, 
University of Pennsylvania, USA where he was a 
Ford Fellow and a Palmer Scholar.

25

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

Aileen Tan

William Woo

Ms Aileen Tan, 52, Group Chief Human Resources 
Offi  cer, is responsible for the development of 
human resources across the Singtel Group. She 
also leads its corporate sustainability function.

Aileen joined Singtel in June 2008 as Group 
Director, Human Resources. Prior to that, she was 
Group General Manager, Human Resources at WBL 
Corporation Limited and Vice President, Centres of 
Excellence with Abacus International Pte Ltd. 

She co-chairs the Ministry of Manpower’s HR 
Industry Transformation Advisory Panel and is 
a member of the Institute for Human Resource 
Professionals (IHRP) Board, Singapore University 
of Social Sciences Board of Trustees and the Home 
Nursing Foundation Board.

Aileen graduated with a Bachelor of Arts from 
the National University of Singapore. She holds a 
Master of Science in Organisational Behaviour from 
the California School of Professional Psychology, 
Alliant International University, US. She is a pioneer 
IHRP Master Professional, conferred by the IHRP 
in recognition of her being a role model for the HR 
profession. She received the Public Service Medal 
in 2018 for signifi cant contributions to the human 
resources sectors in Singapore.

Mr William Woo, 55, was appointed Group Chief 
Information Offi  cer from 1 August 2017. William 
was Managing Director of Enterprise Data and 
Managed Services and Managing Director of 
Cyber Security at Group Enterprise. 

He joined Singtel in May 2011 from Xchanging PLC, 
where he was Managing Director for the Southeast 
Asia region. 

Prior to that, William spent 20 years at EDS and 
had held various senior management roles which 
included Managing Director of Southeast Asia & 
India and Vice President, Global Service Delivery 
of Asia, responsible for leading the Information 
Technology Outsourcing, Business Process 
Outsourcing and Applications service delivery 
across the Asia region. He started his career with 
the National Computer Board.

William graduated with a Bachelor of Applied 
Science in Computing (Distinction) from the 
Queensland University of Technology, Australia, 
and holds an Executive MBA from the National 
University of Singapore.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

26

 
 
 
 
Management Committee

Yuen Kuan Moon

Mr Yuen Kuan Moon, 52, was appointed Chief 
Executive Offi  cer, Consumer Singapore in June 
2012. He leads the Singapore consumer business to 
deliver an integrated suite of mobile, broadband 
and TV services. Concurrently, Moon is responsible 
for driving the Group’s digital transformation as 
Group Chief Digital Offi  cer, a role that was created 
to unlock digital growth opportunities in an era of 
disruption.

Since joining Singtel in February 1993, Moon has 
held several leadership roles in Marketing, Business 
Development and Sales, including VP of Regional 
Operations and EVP of Digital Consumer.

In 2003, Moon was posted to Telkomsel as General 
Manager for Product Development and appointed 
Director of Commerce from 2005 to 2007. He has 
served on the Board of Commissioners in Telkomsel 
since 2009.

Moon was appointed to the Board of SkillsFuture 
Singapore in October 2016, and the Board of 
Advisors of the Institute of Service Excellence 
at SMU in January 2018. He was appointed a 
member of the Digital Readiness Council Steering 
Committee in November 2018.

Moon holds a First Class Honours degree in 
Engineering from the University of Western 
Australia and a Master of Science in Management 
from Stanford University.

27

Senior Management

Chia Wee Boon
Chief Excutive Offi  cer
NCS, Group Enterprise

Hui Weng Cheong
President & Chief Operating Offi  cer
AIS  

Murray King
Chief Financial Offi  cer
Optus

Ng Kuo Pin
Deputy Chief Executive Offi  cer
NCS, Group Enterprise

Kim Perell
Chief Executive Offi  cer
Amobee, Group Digital Life

Kelly B Rosmarin
Deputy Chief Executive Offi  cer
Optus

Arthur Wong
Chief Executive Offi  cer
Global Cyber Security, Group Enterprise

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

28

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Group Consumer

Connecting 
consumers to a 
digital future

As consumers’ lives become more digital, we’ll bring them the 
convenience they need, connecting them to everything they love just 
as they’d want it. With our unparalleled network experience and digital 
services, access to mobile fi nancial services and rich entertainment 
content, smart living will be even faster and easier. We’re investing 
in new technologies and innovations to open up a world of digital 
possibilities, enriching their experiences, and connecting them to a 
digital future.

29

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

30

Group Consumer
Singapore

As Singapore’s fastest and widest network provider, delivering a great customer 
experience is our number one priority. We are committed to going beyond 
coverage and connectivity to deepen our relationship with customers. Besides 
the latest devices and a wide range of plans, we also offer a host of innovative 
digital and lifestyle products and services that enhance their lives. 

Engaging
content 

Singtel TV subscribers 
watched a total of

179,000

hours of television 
a  month.

Source: SG-TAM

A digital customer experience

More customers are engaging with us 
through our digital channels with 

1.1m

managing services through 
My Singtel app and

26%

of sales transactions carried out online.

CATERING TO CUSTOMERS’ 
DIGITAL LIFESTYLE NEEDS
To enrich our customers’ digital 
lifestyles, we developed exciting 
new products and services to 
meet their diverse needs. Our all-
digital mobile plan, GOMO caters 
to millennials and digital natives 
who need huge data allowances 
and fuss-free terms which allow 
them to sign up for and manage 
their plans online. We now offer an 
Amazon Prime membership that 
comes with 2-hour delivery times 
for groceries and entertainment 
content perks. We also refreshed 
our XO plans with an expanded 
line-up, bundled with 24 months 
of premium HBO GO content on 
us, so customers can watch hugely 

popular shows such as Game of 
Thrones. 

EXTENDING NETWORK LEADERSHIP
On the network front, we continue to 
deliver on our commitment to provide 
superior connectivity and coverage. 
For a record 17 consecutive quarters, 
we topped IMDA’s 4G quality of 
service chart with a 99.9% outdoor 
coverage score. 

We are paving the way to 5G by 
launching Singapore’s first 5G pilot 
network and first live 5G facility 
in collaboration with Ericsson and 
Singapore Polytechnic. Called 5G 
Garage, the facility allows companies 
to ideate and test 5G use cases. 
We also created network history 

with the first Singapore-Australia 5G 
augmented reality video call, made 
to our Optus colleagues in Sydney, 
Australia.

DOUBLING DOWN ON CONTENT AT 
HOME AND ON-THE-GO
Quality content is an important 
part of our customer engagement 
strategy. We continue to enhance our 
Singtel TV and Singtel CAST offerings 
to connect customers to premium 
content at great value and on their 
preferred platforms. During the 
year, Singtel TV launched e-Le, our 
second in-house Asian entertainment 
channel, extended our Premier League 
rights and added Discovery lifestyle 
channels, as well as the full-suite of 
HBO channels. We now offer Premier 

31

League matches to everyone in 
Singapore, with the contract-free 
Sports Plus pack on Singtel CAST. 

POWERING UP OUR HOME 
SERVICES
Singapore’s Open Electricity 
Market initiative marked a new 
chapter for us. We launched Singtel 
Power to offer electricity plans to 
our customers for the first time, 
partnering Geneco to deliver savings 
to residential households. With the 
addition of Singtel Power, we are 
excited to be a convenient one-stop 
shop for our customers’ power and 
communications needs. 

We know many of our customers are 
gamers who count on us for reliable 
and secure broadband connectivity. 
In 2018, we added an ultrafast 
broadband service with a dedicated 
1Gbps bandwidth specially designed 
for gaming. 

TRANSFORMING THE CUSTOMER 
SERVICE EXPERIENCE
We are choosing to engage our 
customers in new ways, strengthening 
our digitalisation efforts across key 
touchpoints – at our Singtel shops, 
online shop, hotline, web chat and 
My Singtel app. In addition to making 
purchases online, customers are 

increasingly turning to our self-help 
platforms such as our 24/7 self-
serve kiosks and My Singtel app 
for on-demand assistance. More 
than 65% have opted to complete 
transactions on these channels. 
We will continue harnessing 
technologies such as AI, to provide 
customers with top-notch service 
innovations that add value and 
convenience to their lives.

Singtel Consumer Singapore CEO Yuen Kuan Moon with Jonathan Spink, CEO, HBO Asia mark our collaboration in the presence of iconic Game of Thrones 
characters, the ‘Night King’ and his ‘White Walkers’.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

32

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
Group Consumer
Australia

Optus is going further to connect customers with exceptional service, network and 
value. These three areas underpin our vision to become a world class digital service 
provider and stay ahead of the game.

Leading the 
way in 5G

Mobile network 
leadership

Launched Australia’s

1st

commercial 5G service.

On our way to deliver

1,200
2020

5G sites by

We have invested

A$5.9b

since 2015 to improve our 
networks.

Our 4G network reaches

97.3%

of the population.

LEADING IN 5G TECHNOLOGY
In January 2019, Singtel, Optus and 
Ericsson successfully made a 5G 
video call between Singapore and 
Australia which used augmented 
reality - a worldwide first. This proved 
our 5G agility and was a key step in 
our commitment to lead 5G delivery 
in Australia. We also revealed the first 
details of our game-changing Optus 
5G Home Broadband service in the 
Australian Capital Territory and in 
the process, became the first carrier 
in Australia to offer customers a 5G 
fixed wireless access service. 

With our comprehensive spectrum 
assets and robust plan to deliver 1,200 

5G sites by March 2020, more Optus 
customers will soon be enjoying the 
5G experience. 

Fixed wireless access is the first 
usable application for 5G. As 5G 
infrastructure rolls out, mobile, IoT 
and applications yet to be invented 
will leverage our next-generation 
network and provide Optus customers 
with even more amazing experiences.

PROVIDING PREMIUM NETWORK 
COVERAGE
Optus continues to deliver premium 
network coverage and connectivity  
that customers need, where they 
need it, at a competitive price. 

Since 2015, Optus has invested A$5.9 
billion to improve our network reach, 
capacity and quality. Our 4G service 
now covers 97.3% of the Australian 
population and we will continue to 
improve our network in the areas 
where Australians live, work and play.

In regional Australia, we reinforced 
our commitment to a strong 
nationwide network with our 
executive team striking out on visits 
across the nation, including Hobart 
and Launceston in Tasmania and 
Adelaide and the Barossa Valley in 
Southern Australia. The executive 
team spoke with customers, local 
businesses and community groups, 

33

and unveiled investment in the 
areas visited. The independent 
and respected P3 Connect Mobile 
Benchmark for 2018 ranked Optus as 
number one across voice and data for 
smaller towns and roads –  
a recognition of the strength of our 
network.

Along with this strong, growing 
nationwide network, Optus offers 
Australians choice, value, and 
competitive pricing.

DELIGHTING CUSTOMERS 
WITH CONTENT
We also know many of our customers 
value content, and our content 
offerings are delighting customers. As 
the home of elite European football, 
Optus Sport provides customers with 

live and on-demand content, along 
with expert analysis and highlights. 

Optus has doubled down on football 
content, extending its Premier League 
rights and adding UEFA Champions 
League, UEFA Europa League and 
UEFA Nations League to Optus Sport. 

Along with this, National Geographic’s 
enhanced, new-look app, in 
partnership with Optus, provides 
users with a personalised content 
experience that offers live streaming 
channels, an immense photo library, 
digital articles, National Geographic 
magazine archives and more than 
3,000 captivating short-form videos 
and documentaries, including 
new content produced with Optus 
exclusively for the app.

CREATING THE OPTUS OF 
THE FUTURE
With our business transformation now 
in full swing, we are embracing new 
technology and looking to efficiencies 
through digitalisation, advanced 
analytics and AI as we evolve 
into a more innovative and agile 
organisation. 

We are making sure our customers 
see the benefits too. We know more 
and more customers wish to make 
changes and solve issues digitally, so 
we continue to provide more digital 
options for them to do so, including 
in-app features for My Optus app 
such as activation, and improved 
messaging and engagement.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

34

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Group Consumer

The CEO Conversation

Connecting customers to 
a digital future

Increasingly connected digital lifestyles have dramatically changed what 
customers expect of telcos. Consumer Singapore CEO Yuen Kuan Moon and 
Optus CEO Allen Lew share how Singtel and Optus are evolving to better serve the 
digital consumer and stay competitive. 

As the Singapore and Australia 
markets get more crowded, how 
are Singtel and Optus staying 
ahead of the competition?

Moon: We are upping the ante to 
create more value for our customers. 
From connectivity to content, we 
are creating a range of services 
and products that give our diff erent 
customer segments what they need 
at best value rates. One example is 
our XO mobile plans bundled with up 
to 24 months of HBO GO which gives 
customers the services they need 
with the content they want.  

As technology evolves, the Singtel 
customer experience is being 
transformed radically. We have 
ramped up digitalisation, making it 
faster and easier for customers to 
engage with us. 26% of our customers 
now make purchases online and 
about 65% engage with us through 
digital self-help channels. 

Allen: Optus continues to 
diff erentiate through our premium 
national network, exceptional value 
off ers and game-changing customer 

experiences. Sustained mobile 
network investment emphasises 
our network leadership claims 
particularly with the introduction of 
Optus 5G Home Broadband – the 
fi rst service of its kind in Australia. 
Our exclusive content is a key 
diff erentiator. Our customers can’t 
get enough of Optus Sport and our 
expanded global content off ering 
with National Geographic.

Our focus areas of exceptional value, 
exceptional network and exceptional 
customer service are also resonating 
with our customers.

What is the focus of your strategy?

Moon: We are focused on 
accelerating the next phase of 
our transformation, to go beyond 
our core carriage foundations to 
deliver the best customer experience 
possible, whether it’s online or in-
person. Our customers tell us they 
want more content, convenience 
and digital engagement, with 
none of the fuss. This presents a 
great opportunity to deepen our 
relationship with them. Customers 

can expect us to go bigger on 
digital and lifestyle services and 
be the one-stop shop for all their 
communications and lifestyle needs. 

Allen: The telecommunications 
industry has undergone signifi cant 
disruption and the landscape we face 
today is very diff erent from before. 
Our world is increasingly reliant on 
mobile devices and network access. 
Mobile devices are often the fi rst 
thing we look at in the morning and 
the last thing before we go to bed 
– and in between, they allow us to 
communicate, share and stream with 
our family, friends and co-workers.
With increased dependency on our 
services, customers’ expectations are 
higher than ever and we’re going 
further to deliver against them across 
all parts of our business.

What services are important to the 
digital consumer and how are you 
diff  erentiating yourselves in these 
areas?

Moon: Exclusive and diff erentiated 
content is what sets us apart and 
customers are thrilled with our 

35

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

We are focused on accelerating 
the next phase of our 
transformation, to go beyond 
our core carriage foundations 
to deliver the best customer 
experience possible.

With increased dependency on our 
services, customers’ expectations 
are higher than ever and we’re 
going further to deliver against 
them across all parts of our 
business.

Yuen Kuan Moon
CEO, Consumer Singapore

Allen Lew
CEO, Optus

Singtel TV and Singtel CAST off erings 
of Premier League football, Discovery 
lifestyle channels and ethnic content 
on in-house channels Jia Le and e-Le.
On average, each household watches 
more than 100 hours of content a 
month across multiple platforms 
so content is a key priority and we 
will continue to invest in boosting 
our line-up. In addition, customers 
can expect more personalisation, 
such as real-time recommendations 
on products and services relevant 
to their needs, and smarter, on-
demand, digital customer service.

Allen: Globally, there’s a signifi cant 
shift in viewing behaviour and 
video consumption. Optus has long 
recognised that content is king in a 
digital world and we are investing 
to bring premium content to our 
customers where they are, whenever 

they want it. For example, with 
sports being such a huge pastime 
in Australia, I’m proud that Optus is 
broadcasting all 52 matches of the 
2019 FIFA Women’s World Cup which 
commences in June and cements 
our reputation as the premium 
broadcaster of elite football in 
Australia.

As we enter a 5G era, what can 
customers expect from you in this 
area? 

Moon: We are seeing 5G deployed 
as fi xed wireless access solutions 
in large countries to enable high-
speed internet. In Singapore, it’s 
a diff erent story. With residential 
fi xed broadband penetration 
rates at almost 94%, consumers 
already enjoy one of the world’s 
fastest connections. We are actively 

exploring potential 5G use cases, 
building an ecosystem and preparing 
our core infrastructure for when 
spectrum is allocated and standards 
are fi nalised.  

Allen: 5G is here, and it’s a game 
changer. It presents signifi cant 
consumer and enterprise 
opportunities, and as a provider of 
5G services, I see a major role for 
Optus in the digitalisation of the 
economy and the economic benefi ts 
that will result from it. 

We have launched our 5G Home 
Broadband plans and set a robust 
rollout plan to deliver 1,200 5G 
sites by March 2020. Soon, Optus 
customers across Australia will be 
enjoying the 5G experience.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

36

 
 
 
 
Group Consumer
Regional Associates

As consumers in the emerging markets grow increasingly reliant on their phones 
for access to essential services, our regional associates have seen the demand for 
data and digital services increase dramatically. This has spurred the Singtel Group 
to build a regional ecosystem of digital services to serve the some 690 million mobile 
customers across our regional footprint.  

Asia’s fi rst cross-border 
mobile payment alliance 

VIA connects 
more than

and will soon 
add some

6m 14m

mobile wallet 
users to over

mobile wallet users and

1.7m 200,000

merchants in 
Singapore and 
Thailand

merchants in the region.

Game on

Our inaugural PVP 
Esports Championship 
attracted over 

18,000

gamers from around 
the region with the 
live fi nals watched by

13m

viewers online.  

DIGITALISING TO ENHANCE 
CUSTOMER EXPERIENCES
The growth in demand for digital 
services across the region has seen 
our associates respond quickly 
with innovative digital products 
and services. They are investing 
resources to digitalise processes, 
developing channels such as online 
self-care services and fi elding 
virtual assistants to help them better 
engage customers and handle the 
higher volumes of interactions from a 
growing customer base. Digitalisation 
has also allowed them to deliver 
more targeted and personalised 
content such as music, video and 

gaming directly through their own 
mobile apps, such as My Airtel, AIS 
Play and Telkomsel’s MAXstream.

To meet the growing demand for 
data, our associates collectively 
invested S$8.9 billion in their 
networks over the past year to deliver 
faster, seamless connections and 
prepare for the next generation of 
connectivity. 

They also continue to push services 
and solutions for small homes and 
businesses that complement their 
mobile off erings, with AIS making 
inroads with AIS Fibre in Thailand, 

and Globe expanding their fi xed 
wireless home base in the Philippines.

IMPROVING MOBILE FINANCIAL 
OFFERINGS 
As a Group, we are improving our 
mobile fi nancial off erings to bring 
greater convenience to customers 
and drive fi nancial inclusion. We 
are enhancing our mobile wallets, 
expanding our merchant networks 
and introducing more services that 
will help our customers, in particular 
the unbanked or under-banked, plug 
into the digital economy. In Indonesia, 
Telkomsel’s Tcash is now LinkAja, a 
single mobile payments platform to 

37

facilitate cashless transactions, from 
utilities and transport payment to 
e-shopping, all without the need for 
a bank account. In the Philippines, 
Globe has embarked on data-driven 
lending, assigning a “trust score” 
to customers based on their GCash 
usage to determine credit worthiness.  

In Singapore, Dash partnered 
with Apple and VISA, extending its 
acceptance network internationally 
through ApplePay and VISA 
Contactless points, and added 
Myanmar to its existing remittance 
corridors.  

growth potential in the region. To 
realise that vision, we debuted VIA, 
Asia’s first cross-border mobile 
payment alliance. VIA gives travellers 
the convenience of using their local 
wallets that are part of the alliance at 
participating merchants in the region 
at competitive exchange rates, and 
widens the reach of small merchants 
to millions of consumers. Initially 
launched between Singapore and 
Thailand with AIS and Kasikornbank, 
VIA will soon be available in more 
countries such as Malaysia through 
Axiata Digital’s Boost wallet and Japan 
through Netstars.

BUILDING A MOBILE FINANCIAL 
SERVICES ECOSYSTEM ACROSS 
THE REGION 
The Group is leveraging its telco 
assets and scale to build a mobile 
financial ecosystem that will unlock 

ENGAGING CONSUMERS THROUGH 
GAMING AND DIGITAL CONTENT
To connect with a millennial audience, 
the Group is moving towards 
becoming a leader in offering high 
quality gaming content. Our inaugural 

PVP Esports Championship was a 
huge success with the live finals 
played before a sold-out audience 
and broadcast on major streaming 
platforms such as Twitch, Facebook 
and Douyu. 

We are extending our gaming focus 
by exploring opportunities with 
like-minded partners to drive the 
development of a vibrant gaming 
community in the region. We signed 
an MOU with South Korean gaming 
giant SK Telecom to grow regional 
gaming leagues, develop content 
and explore game distribution, 
with the aim of delivering a more 
holistic gaming experience for our 
millennial customers.

Singtel and AIS executives with Guest of Honour Thailand’s Minister of Digital Economy and Society, Dr Pichet Durongkaveroj (centre), at the launch of VIA in 
Bangkok.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

38

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Group Consumer
Regional Associates

The CEO Conversation

Building an ecosystem 
of digital services for 
the region

Consumers are adopting a more digital lifestyle as the region pushes toward a 
connected digital economy. How is Singtel leveraging the strengths of the Group 
to stay ahead? International Group CEO Arthur Lang shares his thoughts on our 
regional strategy.

Some of Singtel’s associates 
are facing fi erce competition 
in their markets. What is 
the Group’s strategy in this 
challenging environment?

Arthur: It remained a challenging 
year for Airtel, but the market 
in India is starting to stabilise 
and return to a healthier and 
more sustainable structure. 
With customers consuming an 
average of 11Gb of data each 
month, I remain optimistic about 
India’s future in a data-driven 
economy. Elsewhere in the region, 
we are starting to see reduced 
headwinds. 

It has always been our strategy 
to lead in network superiority 
and we are strengthening this 
leadership through continued 
investment which has seen AIS 

39

deliver fi bre broadband in Thailand 
and Globe ready to launch 5G fi xed 
wireless home broadband services in 
the Philippines later this year. We’re 
also focused on product and services 
innovation to deliver a better customer 
experience for our 690 million mobile 
customers. For instance, in Indonesia, 
a vibrant hub for start-ups, Telkomsel 
established an investment fund to 
help promising companies accelerate 
growth. This is with a view of tapping 
into their ideas to enhance our content 
and digital services off erings that will 
help us monetise data growth. 

The associates remain some of the 
strongest operators in their markets, 
and with high mobile penetration and 
mobile-fi rst lifestyles in the region, 
I am excited about the tremendous 
growth potential of Asia’s emerging 
markets as we build a regional 
ecosystem of digital services.

Why have you decided to expand 
into mobile fi nancial services with 
Dash and VIA?

Arthur: The domestic wallet 
business is fragmented and hard to 
diff erentiate, with demand for mobile 
fi nancial services – not just payments 
– on the rise. Against this backdrop, 
we see the potential for our mobile 
wallet Dash to be the foundation on 
which to develop a larger ecosystem 
of fi nancial services. As we expand 
its merchant network and add more 
services, Dash is evolving into an 
app for all our customers’ everyday 
fi nancial and lifestyle needs whether 
in-store or online. Our associates are 
also executing similar strategies with 
their own mobile wallets.  

We created VIA, Asia’s fi rst cross- 
border mobile payment alliance, to 
diff erentiate our wallets from many 

pool of customers. The reach of the 
network has tremendous potential 
to benefi t everyone. With such a 
platform, we can branch out to off er 
a greater range of fi nancial services. 
We look forward to engaging the rest 
of our associates and inviting more 
partners to VIA as we enter into the 
second stage of this journey.

You’ve also made similar bold 
moves in esports. How do your 
esports initiatives synergise with 
your other digital businesses?

Arthur: Our esports initiatives are 
part of the Group’s larger eff orts to 
grow our digital content business 
and engage millennial and Gen Z 
audiences. Our services such as 
content, high-speed broadband 
and payments, along with the 
billing relationships we have with 
customers, put us in a unique position 
to off er digital services, making 
gaming more accessible while 
improving the experience.  

The aim is for PVP, our gaming brand, 
to be a major ecosystem partner in 
the regional gaming and esports 
scene. Through our PVP Esports 
leagues and collaboration with like-
minded partners, we hope to bring 
gaming into the mainstream and 
connect with gamers and youths. 
We are excited to be sponsoring 
Singapore’s fi rst esports SEA Games 
teams in 2019 and look forward 
to bigger things to come.  We 
see tremendous opportunity in 
the network eff ect of the gaming 
community and believe in the long-
term prospects of this market.

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

The associates remain some of the strongest 
operators in their markets, and with high 
mobile penetration and mobile-fi rst 
lifestyles in the region, I am excited about 
the tremendous growth potential of Asia’s 
emerging markets as we build a regional 
ecosystem of digital services.

Arthur Lang
CEO, International Group

localised wallet systems and to 
address the fragmented payments 
scene in the region. We see both 
Dash and VIA as twin engines of 
growth in mobile fi nancial services.

How are you building on VIA to 
create a larger fi nancial services 
ecosystem?

interoperable platform that allows 
any wallet to easily tap into a larger 
consumer and merchant network 
across Asia. This means partners can 
access a huge addressable market 
with us as we build up the alliance, 
just as our customers will enjoy 
greater connectivity and shopping 
options across the region. 

Arthur: VIA is the key to connecting 
the region and beyond with an 

This also opens up smaller hyper-
local merchants to a much larger 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

40

 
 
 
 
Group Enterprise

Preparing 
enterprises for a 
smart future

The convergence of technologies such as 5G, IoT and AI is starting 
to disrupt and redefi ne entire industries. The future of logistics, 
for example, could see autonomous vehicles that vastly improve 
navigation safety and fl eet management. Unmanned robots 
and drones would make inventory management and order 
fulfi lment faster and more effi  cient. With our enterprise services 
and advanced cyber security solutions, we’re helping enterprises 
leverage the transformative power of technology to get ahead in 
the future economy.

41

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

42

Group Enterprise

As advancements in technology continue to disrupt industries, our focus at Group 
Enterprise is on helping enterprises prepare for the future by accelerating their digital 
transformation, realising the possibilities enabled by new and disruptive technologies, 
and unlocking new growth opportunities. Through R&D and innovation, we are 
reimagining the future of industries and bringing it closer to customers.

Safeguarding 
the future

Redefining 
industries

Our FutureNow 
Innovation Centre supports 

Trustwave has over

2,000

cyber security 
professionals and

9

Advanced Security 
Operations Centres 
globally.

Trustwave is a leader in 
the 2019 Gartner Magic 
Quadrant for Managed 
Security Services, 
Worldwide, for the 
second year.

Source: Gartner, “Magic Quadrant 
for Managed Security Services, 
Worldwide” (1) by Toby Bussa, Kelly 
Kavanagh, Sid Deshpande, Pete 
Shoard, May 2, 2019

6
23

industry clusters covering

key industries in Singapore,
driving innovation and 
transformation with new 
technologies. 

BRINGING THE FUTURE CLOSER
As more nations race to build smart 
cities and digitalise their economies, 
rapid changes are sweeping 
across industries, redefining how 
enterprises and their value chains 
operate. To help enterprises 
transition to and navigate this new 
digital economy, we continue to 
develop services, solutions and 
platforms to spur innovation, rethink 
business models, redefine customer 
experiences, engage employees 
and improve productivity. 

We launched the FutureNow Innovation 
Centre which showcases the future 
of industries powered by innovative 
technologies and services like 
cloud computing, data analytics, AI, 
cyber security, blockchain, robotics, 
automation, software defined networks, 
IoT and 5G. We are enhancing our 
ecosystems and empowering enterprises 
to accelerate their digitalisation efforts. 

the enhanced 99%SME platform 
with IMDA which garnered strong 
support from our partners. The 
platform combines critical business 
intelligence, last-mile delivery 
options, and new omni-channel 
retail and customer engagement 
features to help SMEs grow their 
customer base, using both offline 
and online presence. 

To help SMEs adopt digital technologies 
to improve efficiencies and achieve 
their growth potential, we launched 

Underlying these new technologies 
and platforms is high bandwidth 
connectivity, which is the 

Note:
(1)  Gartner does not endorse any vendor, product or service depicted in its research publications, and does not advise technology users to select only those 

vendors with the highest ratings or other designation. Gartner research publications consist of the opinions of Gartner’s research organization and should 
not be construed as statements of fact. Gartner disclaims all warranties, expressed or implied, with respect to this research, including any warranties of 
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.

43

cornerstone of a digital economy. 
Last year, we launched Singapore’s 
first 5G pilot network at one-north 
with Ericsson. We also partnered 
with Ericsson and Singapore 
Polytechnic to open the nation’s first 
live 5G facility – 5G Garage – on 
campus which serves as a training 
centre, test bed and ideation lab 
to develop Singapore’s own 5G 
ecosystem. 

PROTECTING ENTERPRISES 
As we move towards a hyper-
connected digital future, the risk of 
cyber threats becomes even greater. 
To safeguard enterprises against a 
growing slew of fast-evolving cyber 
threats, we consolidated our cyber 
security assets under the Trustwave 
brand, to form one of the industry’s 
most comprehensive global cyber 
security companies. We continue 
to develop our cyber security 
capabilities to position ourselves to 

lead and shape the cyber security 
sphere. Our global network of 
Advanced Security Operations 
Centres is now supported by the 
new Trustwave SpiderLabs Fusion 
Centre in Chicago, a cutting-edge 
cyber security command centre 
providing unprecedented threat 
hunting capabilities through 
pioneering threat intelligence. We 
also acquired Hivint, an award-
winning cyber security consulting 
company in Australia, enhancing  
our consulting capabilities.

To further complement our network, 
we welcomed AT&T as a member 
to the Global Telco Security 
Alliance that we formed with 
Etisalat, Softbank and Telefónica, 
greatly increasing the Alliance’s 
global presence and resources. 
We also partnered with Argus, a 
global leader in automotive cyber 
security, whose solutions are being 

integrated into Singtel’s managed 
security services. The partnership will 
facilitate the future introduction of 
connected cars and new technologies 
such as autonomous vehicles. 

STRENGTHENING CORE 
CAPABILITIES 
Strong core capabilities are key to 
powering new technologies and 
helping customers accelerate their 
own digital journey. Even as we 
develop new services, we continue to 
strengthen and digitalise our core. We 
launched Liquid Infrastructure, a next-
generation data-driven, highly agile, 
intelligent platform that integrates 
physical and virtual network services. 
The platform, designed for use with 
services such as optimised cloud 
access, virtual network function and 
IoT, allows enterprises to configure 
their networks with ease and deploy 
resources when needed. 

Singtel executives demonstrating how IoT and AI can enhance companies’ competitive advantage to Singapore’s Minister for Communications and 
Information S Iswaran (third from left) at MWC Barcelona 2019.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

44

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Group Enterprise

The CEO Conversation

Empowering customers in 
their digital transformation 
journeys

The advent of digital has seen Singtel evolve into a technology-led, data-driven, 
agile digital services provider. Group Enterprise CEO Bill Chang discusses how, 
drawing on our own experience, we are helping enterprise customers to digitally 
transform, increase their innovation capacity and outperform their competitors.

Why is it important for 
enterprises to digitalise and are 
they doing it fast enough?

Bill: Major technological advances 
have disrupted industries, making 
it easier for companies to enter 
new business verticals and 
challenge incumbents. This has 
turned old notions of competition 
on its head, making digital 
transformation a necessity rather 
than an option. 

Our own experience in the telco 
industry is a good example. The 
smartphone started the mobile 
internet and data revolution, 
disrupting our traditional telco 
revenues in voice services. We had 
to respond quickly by developing 
new business models around data 
and digital while preserving the 
value in our core business.

45

This is a dilemma and challenge 
that companies routinely face. While 
they recognise the need to digitalise, 
they aren’t moving fast enough nor 
do they have the digital capabilities 
to do so eff ectively. The Singapore 
Government has been trying to 
address this by throwing its support 
behind various initiatives, building 
digital ecosystems and pushing for 
greater industry collaboration. But 
enterprises also need a reliable 
partner to help chart their digital 
roadmap, and guide and catalyse 
their operations.

How is Singtel helping other 
enterprises in their digital 
transformation journeys?

Bill: Our own transformation 
experience, coupled with our 
expertise, positions us well to help 
enterprises. With our solutions in 

data analytics, cloud, cyber security, 
robotics, automation, IoT and 5G, 
enterprises can kick-start their 
digitalisation journey, maximise 
effi  ciencies and even develop new 
business models. The beauty of these 
solutions is the fact that it can benefi t 
any size of enterprise – from one-
person operations to multinationals.

Enterprises which are already 
digitalising can partner and use 
our resources to co-create and test 
concepts in a secure environment 
like our FutureNow Innovation Centre 
which we launched in August. They 
can also tap into our R&D labs to test 
technologies like AI, cyber security, 
augmented reality and automation to 
reimagine the customer experience 
and redefi ne their businesses, 
products and services. We have 
developed a framework for digital 
transformation where design thinking 

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

by our global cyber security brand 
– Trustwave – we not only monitor 
but are able to detect, hunt and 
coordinate an eff ective response 
to address cyber threats within an 
enterprise’s infrastructure. This helps 
us better secure enterprises and 
innovate new services and solutions 
to stay ahead of the competition. 

Our broad range of digital services 
and cyber security capabilities 
provides enterprises with the tools to 
become agile, digital organisations 
that can adapt to a constantly 
changing digital economy.

How do these technologies and 
services help enterprises prepare 
for the industries of the future?

Bill: Cities and industries of the 
future will be powered by intelligent 
connectivity – a convergence of 
5G, IoT and AI that will form the 
backbone of a new hyper-connected 
era.

This is already playing out in the 
maritime space, where analytics, 
cloud and IoT are being dovetailed 
to monitor the performance of ships 
in real time and predict issues before 
they occur. This will help enterprises 
to be safer and more effi  cient when 
managing their fl eets. Healthcare is 
also undergoing a digital overhaul, 
empowering doctors to remotely 
perform and monitor complex 
surgeries in real time, maximising 
effi  ciencies and extending their 
expertise to patients worldwide. 
Backed by actionable data insights, 
enterprises will be able to build 
digital business systems that will give 
them that highly coveted competitive 
advantage. 

With our solutions in data analytics, cloud, 
cyber security, robotics, automation, IoT 
and 5G, enterprises can kick-start their 
digitalisation journey, maximise effi  ciencies 
and even develop new business models. 

Bill Chang
CEO, Group Enterprise 

is applied to understand customers’ 
needs and develop solutions to 
meet them. We can further help 
enterprises scale their businesses 
with our customer base and reach 
across the region.

What capabilities has Singtel 
developed to help enterprises 
succeed in their digitalisation 
eff  orts?

Bill: As advanced connectivity is 
a prerequisite for digitalisation, 
we have strengthened our core 

network capabilities with software-
defi ned networks to improve 
reliability, resource management 
and effi  ciency. This has allowed 
us to develop capabilities in new 
technologies that will change the way 
enterprises and industries operate, 
such as cloud, cyber security, IoT, 
analytics, 5G, AI and robotics. 

Critically, with the rise in cyber 
attacks globally, the deployment of 
these systems needs to be secure. 
With our consolidated cyber security 
capabilities and resources provided 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

46

 
 
 
 
Group Digital Life

Building 
relationships 
in a connected 
world

Today’s consumers and enterprises are switching easily between 
multiple channels, screens and devices, expecting more seamless 
experiences from the brands they engage with. To better reach and 
build relationships with our customers, we need to lead disruption 
and anticipate their needs. We help marketers gain a unifi ed view 
of their audiences and cut through the noise, engage users with the 
best content and services, and drive unique insights.

47

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

48

Group Digital Life

Digitisation continues to change how we interact with content and services, and is 
increasing consumer expectations of these experiences. Through a series of strategic 
market moves, Group Digital Life is improving how these services are delivered in our 
home markets and abroad, for consumers, businesses and governments. 

Helping advertisers reach 
audiences at scale

Amobee has more than

Investing in 
the future

150

integrated partners across the advertising ecosystem, 
and evaluates over

7.7m

advertising opportunities per second.

Delivering non-stop entertainment

Unlimited access to over 

20,000

hours of popular local, Asian and Hollywood movies 
and TV series on HOOQ.

Since 2010, Innov8 has 
made over

80

investments in areas such 
as cyber security, IoT, data 
and analytics, fintech, digital 
health, gaming and more.

AMOBEE EXPANDS CAPABILITIES
Digital and traditional TV advertising 
are converging as advertisers seek to 
engage tech-savvy customers across 
multiple screens and platforms. 
This will have a profound impact on 
global advertising as brands and 
agencies find new tools and solutions 
to improve how they reach digital 
consumers. Amobee continues to 
enhance its platform as an end-to-
end, unified omnichannel solution 
through technology development and 
strategic partnerships to empower 

marketers to seize this converged 
media opportunity. 

A key step to this strategy was 
the acquisition of Videology, a 
technology provider for advanced 
TV and video advertising. Amobee 
can now unify and optimise critical 
consumer intelligence and campaign 
spend across traditional TV and 
digital channels for advertisers. This 
strategy has already gained traction, 
attracting new partnerships with 
ITV, the UK’s largest commercial 

broadcaster and Univision, the 
number one Spanish language 
broadcaster in the US. Advertisers 
can now get advanced solutions and 
programmatic access to the portfolio 
of premium digital video inventory 
across ITV channels, exclusively 
through the Amobee platform.

This adds to a strong year 
for Amobee as we continued 
strengthening our capabilities 
through data partnerships with 
Nielsen and Oracle Data Cloud, 

49

two leading global data providers 
and analytics companies. All 
these developments have grown 
our business with key clients 
and enabled us to capture new 
opportunities, including a global 
agreement with Mastercard.

HOOQ AND DATASPARK CONTINUE 
TO GROW
The popularity of media streaming 
services has gone up exponentially 
and HOOQ aims to be one of the 
largest OTT content providers in 
Southeast Asia, while maintaining 
market leadership in Indonesia. To 
do so, we are constantly updating 
HOOQ’s content to meet consumer 
demand and target mass market 
segments more effectively.

Over the past year, HOOQ has 
transformed its business model to 
offer affordable daily plans, as well 
as a freemium layer which includes 

free-to-air channels, Advertising 
Video on Demand and Subscription 
Video on Demand. To drive further 
audience growth and scale, HOOQ 
established strategic partnerships 
with Hotstar in India and Grab in 
Southeast Asia to provide in-app 
viewing and easy access to HOOQ 
content.

DataSpark continues to help 
businesses and government 
agencies harness the power of 
geospatial data for planning and 
decision-making. It has developed 
Mobility Genomes, a suite of data 
products and simulation tools to 
address high-impact use cases in 
transport, out-of-home advertising, 
tourism and radio network 
engineering. DataSpark has been 
working with various Australian state 
transport authorities on innovative 
applications of population-wide 
mobility data to solve traffic 

problems as part of Australia’s 
transport infrastructure planning. 

INNOV8 DRIVES INNOVATION
Constant innovation is key to staying 
relevant in a digital economy. Innov8 
remains focused on identifying and 
investing in innovative start-ups 
with technologies and solutions that 
enhance the Group’s capabilities and 
drive value for our customers. Some 
of the notable investments in 2018 
include Halodoc, an Indonesian digital 
health platform that aims to simplify 
access to healthcare by building an 
ecosystem that caters to the entire 
patient journey; CXA Group, Asia’s 
first population health ecosystem for 
employers; and Data Republic, an 
inter-organisational data exchange 
platform headquartered in Sydney, 
that allows businesses to exchange 
information securely. 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

50

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Group Digital Life

The CEO Conversation

Upping the 
game in digital

Singtel’s investments in digital businesses and assets over the past several 
years have matured, gaining scale and traction in Asia. We talk to Group Digital 
Life CEO Samba Natarajan to understand how Singtel is upping its game in the 
digital economy.

Last year saw a number of 
interesting developments for Group 
Digital Life. What are your priorities 
going forward?

Samba: The developments in our 
businesses last year have really 
strengthened their foundations 
for growth in the coming fi nancial 
year. Acquiring Videology and 
integrating it into Amobee’s platform 
makes Amobee one of the fi rst in 
the advertising technology market 
to unify TV, digital and social into a 
single platform. HOOQ’s strategic 
digital partnerships with Grab and 
Hotstar will enhance its ability to 
scale in their respective markets, 
while DataSpark’s focus on out-of-
home advertising, transport and telco 
network planning is gaining greater 
market acceptance in Southeast Asia 
and Australia. 

attention towards value realisation 
for these businesses. This could be 
in the form of additional strategic 
partners coming on board as 
stakeholders in the entity, or through 
an IPO. We also look to better inform 
the investment community on the real 
value of these businesses, as they are 
quite diff erent from our traditional 
core businesses and should be 
valued with metrics appropriate for 
their respective industries. 

In addition, we are constantly 
evaluating digital opportunities as 
new growth engines for the Group, 
in current verticals and new verticals 
such as digital health and fi ntech.

Amobee had an eventful year with 
acquisitions and partnerships. How 
will these deals help drive growth? 

acquisition of Videology and our 
partnerships with data providers such 
as Oracle Data Cloud and Nielsen, 
will help us to grow our business with 
agencies and our strategic accounts. 

We also hope to do more broadcaster 
deals like the agreement we reached 
with the UK’s largest commercial 
broadcaster, ITV, to create their own 
“walled garden” for advertising, 
exclusively within the Amobee 
platform. Our technology enables 
broadcasters to digitally upgrade 
their TV and video advertising 
capabilities to create value for 
advertisers, and be competitive in 
digital advertising markets where 
Google and Facebook dominate.

HOOQ has shown positive 
momentum in the year, how do you 
intend to keep it up?

As we continue to build operating 
momentum, we are turning our 

Samba: We are focused on 
developing a leading platform 
for omnichannel advertising. The 

Samba: We are now beginning 
to leverage telco and non-telco 

51

Singtel has made some interesting 
investments through Innov8 this 
year. Can you talk a bit about them 
and your investment strategy?

Samba: In this fast-changing digital 
age, we must continue to evolve 
to stay relevant. Our investment 
strategy for our digital businesses 
has often taken the form of in-house 
development and strategic buys that 
may accelerate our leadership in the 
marketplace. 

In addition to acquisitions and 
organic growth, we are also looking 
at other investment strategies in 
which we identify and invest in 
emerging growth companies through 
Innov8, especially those that are 
fi lling the gaps left by traditional 
infrastructure or are disrupting and 
improving service delivery through 
their digital solutions. These are 
companies that create value for our 
customers, particularly in emerging 
markets. Given our footprint, we can 
by extension, help them scale their 
business and expand in the region. 

An example this year is Halodoc, an 
Indonesian digital health platform 
that aims to simplify access to 
healthcare by building an ecosystem 
that caters to the entire patient 
journey. We are working closely 
with our investee companies to 
support their development, including 
providing access to data analytics 
and advertising capabilities to 
enhance their digital off erings. 

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

The developments in our businesses last year 
have really strengthened their foundations 
for growth in the coming fi nancial year... As 
we continue to build operating momentum, 
we are turning our attention towards value 
realisation for these businesses.

Samba Natarajan
CEO, Group Digital Life

partners in our quest to become one 
of the largest OTT video providers in 
Southeast Asia. 

HOOQ has entered into a 
partnership with Hotstar which gives 
us access to the huge Indian market 
where Hotstar has more than 300 
million monthly active users. We have 
also entered into a partnership with 
OVO in Indonesia and a regional 

agreement with Grab, where 
HOOQ’s streaming service will 
be integrated within Grab’s 
environment and their customers 
will enjoy a seamless video 
experience during their Grab 
interaction. These partnerships 
let us expand our audience, and 
when combined with the assets 
we’ve built, place us in a strong 
position to grow.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

52

 
 
 
 
Key Awards & Accolades

Business Excellence

SINGTEL

Asia Communications Awards 2018
•  Best Enterprise Service – 

Software-defined Hybrid Network

•  Cyber Safe Award 
•  NFV Innovation Award 

Computerworld Hong Kong Awards
•  Global Wide Area Network Connectivity 

Service Provider of the Year (2015 – 2018) 

Contact Centre Association Awards 2018
•  Most Innovative Productivity Solution 

(Gold)

IDC MarketScape: Asia/Pacific Next-Gen 
Telcos: Telecom Services 2018 Vendor 
Assessment
•  Leaders Category 

Frost & Sullivan Asia Pacific ICT Awards 
2018
•  Asia Pacific Telecom Group of the Year 

(2016 – 2018) 

Frost & Sullivan Asia Pacific Best Practices 
Awards 2018 
•  Southeast Asia Managed Security Service 

Provider of the Year 

HardwareZone Tech Awards 2019                
•  Best Mobile, Fibre Broadband & Pay TV 

Service Provider

Institute of Advertising Singapore’s Hall of 
Fame Awards 2018
•  Brand of the Year 

IT Pro Corporate Choice 2018
•  Managed Security Service Provider of the 

Year

NetworkWorld Asia Information 
Management Awards
•  Disaster Recovery & Business Continuity 

(2014 – 2018)

Singapore Manufacturing Federation 
Awards 2018
•  SMF Collaborative Partnership Award – 

Mobile Virtual Network Operator World 
Congress 
•  Most Innovative Wholesaler 

Distinguished Winner

Singapore Retailer Association Awards
•  Achievement in Customer Excellence 
Award – Best in Telecommunications 
Category

•  Best Retail Concept of the Year
•  Service Excellence - 50 Gold, 62 Silver, 

and 41 Star awards

Telecom Asia Awards 2018 
•  Best Cloud-Based Service
•  Best Mobile Carrier 
•  Most Innovative Approach to Customer 

Experience

Telecoms World Awards 2018
•  Virtualisation and Cloud Infrastructure 

Award

TMT Global Excellence Awards 2018
•  Recognised Leader in 

Telecommunications – Singapore 

P3 Connect Mobile Benchmark Australia
•  Number One for Data in Australia
•  Number One for Voice and Data in 

Smaller Towns and Roads

AMOBEE

Digiday Technology Awards 2018
•  Best Data Management Platform
•  Best Marketing Dashboard Software

Fortune Magazine
•  Top 25 Medium and Small Workplaces in 

NYC 2018

MediaPost Online Marketing Media and 
Advertising Awards 2018
•  Best Mobile Integration Cross-Platform, 

with Southwest Airlines

•  Best Video Single Execution, with 

Southwest Airlines

TMT Telecom Awards 2018
•  Telecom Group of the Year 2018 – Asia 

Mumbrella Asia Awards 2018
•  Marketing Technology Company of the 

Pacific 

OPTUS

Year

TRUSTWAVE

Australian Communications Industry 
Awards 2018
•  Satellite Provider of the Year Award 

2019 Gartner’s Magic Quadrant for MSS, 
Worldwide
•  Leaders’ Quadrant (2018 - 2019)

Brand Finance Report 
•  Australia’s Fourth Strongest Brand 
•  Australia’s Strongest Telecommunications 

Brand

•  Ninth Most Valuable Brand in the Top 100 
List of Australia’s Most Valuable Brands

Frost & Sullivan Australia Excellence Awards 
2018
•  Australian Mobile Service Provider of the 

2018 IDC MarketScape: Asia/Pacific 
Managed Security Services 2018 Vendor 
Assessment
•  Leaders’ Position

Frost & Sullivan APAC Best Practices 
Awards
•  Southeast Asia Managed Security Service 

Provider of the Year (2018)

•  Singapore Managed Security Service 
Provider of the Year (2016 - 2018)

•  Security-as-a-Service (2012 – 2018)

Year

53

 
Digital Impact Awards
•  Best Digital Customer Experience by 

Technology Brand

•  Best Professional, Legal and 
  Regulatory Brand
•  Best Saving and Lending Product 

(Digital driven)

•  Best Technology Brand on Social Media

TELKOMSEL
Asia Communications Awards 2018
•  Digital Lifestyle Winner (Total Telecom)

Frost & Sullivan Awards 2018
•  Excellence in Customer Experience – 

Telecommunications Industry Indonesia 
– Overall Experience

Telecom Asia Awards
•  Most Innovative Voice Service or Solution 

GLOBE 
Stevie Awards 2018
•  Great Employers of the Year in 

Telecommunication

The Asset Corporate Awards 2018
•  Platinum Award for Excellence in 

Governance, Corporate and Social 
Responsibility & Investor Relations 
Benchmarking

REGIONAL ASSOCIATES

AIS
Frost & Sullivan Thailand Excellence Awards
•  2018 Thailand IoT Solutions Provider of 

the Year Award

•  2018 Thailand Cloud Services Innovative 

Company of the Year Award

Thailand’s Most Admired 
Brands 2018
•  Thailand’s Most Admired Brand & 

Company

AIRTEL
Carriers World Awards 2018
•  Best Wholesale Business Transformation 
•  Best Wholesale Carrier (Global)

Corporate Citizenship

SINGTEL

2019 Bloomberg Gender-Equality Index

2nd ASEAN Corporate Governance Awards
•  ASEAN’s Top 5 and Top 50 Publicly Listed 

Companies

•  Singapore’s Top 3 Publicly Listed 

Companies

SIAS Investors’ Choice Awards 2018
•  Golden Circle Award for Most 

Transparent Company

•  Shareholder Communication Excellence 

Award for Big-cap Companies
•  Singapore Corporate Governance 

Awards for Big-cap Companies and 
Diversity

•  Shareholder Communication Excellence 

Thomson Reuters IX Global Diversity and 
Inclusion Index 2018

OPTUS

Australian Business Community Network 
Award
•  Overall Highest Number of ABCN mentors 

Award for Big-cap Companies

in 2017

Asia Sustainability Reporting
Awards 2018
•  Asia’s Best Diversity Reporting
•  Asia’s Best Sustainability Report 
•  Asia’s Most Transparent Report

Community Chest Awards 2018
•  Charity Platinum Award
•  Volunteer Partner Award

FTSE4Good Index

Singapore Environment Council’s 
Environmental Achievement Awards
•  EC-STATS Asia-Pacific Singapore 

Environmental Achievement Award 
(Services)

Singapore Governance and Transparency 
Index 2018

Sustainable Business Awards Singapore 
2018
•  Best Strategy and Sustainability 

SGX Sustainability Leaders Index and 
Enhanced Index

Management

•  Best Climate Change

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

54

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
Governance and 
Sustainability Philosophy

Making the future 
better for our 
stakeholders

Good governance and responsible business practices are fundamental 
to our sustainable, long-term growth and value creation for our 
stakeholders. We strive to harness advances in digital technologies 
to improve lives and to leave the smallest environmental footprint 
possible as part of global eff orts to limit climate change because 
reimagining the future means making it better as well.

55

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

56

Corporate Governance

Our Governance Framework

CHAIRMAN 
SIMON ISRAEL

Key Objective
Responsible for leadership 
of the Board and for creating 
conditions for overall Board,  
Board Committee and individual 
Director effectiveness

THE BOARD OF SINGTEL 
12 DIRECTORS:

10 independent Directors and
2 non-independent Directors

Key Objective
To create value for
shareholders and to ensure the 
long-term success of the Group

57

CHAIRMAN
BOBBY CHIN

4 independent Directors

AUDIT COMMITTEE

Key Objective
Assist the Board in discharging its statutory and other 
responsibilities relating to internal controls, financial  
and accounting matters, compliance, and business and 
financial risk management

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE & NOMINATIONS COMMITTEE

CHAIRMAN
LOW CHECK KIAN

3 independent Directors and
1  non-independent Director

Key Objectives
Establish and review the profile of Board members;  
make recommendations to the Board on the appointment, 
re-nomination and retirement of Directors; review the 
independence of Directors; assist the Board in evaluating  
the performance of the Board, Board Committees and  
Directors; and develop and review the Company’s corporate 
governance practices

EXECUTIVE RESOURCE & COMPENSATION COMMITTEE

CHAIRMAN
PETER MASON AM

3  independent Directors and
1  non-independent Director

Key Objectives
Oversee the remuneration of the Board and Senior 
Management, and set appropriate remuneration 
framework and policies, including long-term incentive 
schemes, to deliver annual and long-term performance  
of the Group

FINANCE & INVESTMENT COMMITTEE

CHAIRMAN
SIMON ISRAEL

4 independent Directors and
1  non-independent Director

CHAIRMAN
TEO SWEE LIAN

4 independent Directors

Key Objectives
Provide advisory support on the development of the 
Group’s overall strategy, review strategic issues, approve 
investments and divestments, review the Group’s 
Investment and Treasury Policies, evaluate and approve 
financial offers and banking facilities, and manage the 
Group’s liabilities

RISK COMMITTEE

Key Objectives
Ensure that Management maintains a sound system of 
risk management and internal controls to safeguard 
shareholders’ interests and the Group’s assets, and 
determine the nature and extent of the material risks 
that the Board is willing to take in achieving the Group’s 
strategic objectives

GROUP CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER

CHUA SOCK KOONG

Key Objectives
Manage the Group’s business and implement strategy  
and policy

MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE

Key Objective
Direct Management on operational policies and activities

Group CEO,
CEO Group Enterprise,
CEO Consumer Australia,
CEO Consumer Singapore,
CEO International,
CEO Group Digital Life,
Group Chief Corporate Officer, 
Group CFO,
Group Chief Human Resources
Officer,
Group Chief Information
Officer, and
Group Chief Technology Officer

INTRODUCTION
Singtel aspires to the highest standards of corporate 
governance as we believe that good governance
supports long-term value creation. To this end, Singtel 
has in place a set of well-defined policies and processes 
to enhance corporate performance and accountability, 
as well as protect the interests of stakeholders. The 
Board of Directors is responsible for Singtel’s corporate 
governance standards and policies, and stresses their 
importance across the Group. 

Singtel is listed on the Singapore Exchange Securities 
Trading Limited (SGX) and has complied in all material 
respects with the principles and provisions in the 
Singapore Code of Corporate Governance 2018  
(2018 Code). This report sets out Singtel’s key  
corporate governance practices with reference  
to the 2018 Code. We provide a summary of our 
compliance with the express disclosure requirements  
in the 2018 Code on pages 84 to 86.

RECOGNITION OF SINGTEL’S COMMITMENT TO BEST PRACTICES IN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

ASEAN CORPORATE
GOVERNANCE
AWARDS 2018

(cid:843)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:87)(cid:25)(cid:1)(cid:62)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:733)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)

Listed Companies

(cid:843)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:87)(cid:25)(cid:1)(cid:62)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:733)(cid:728)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)

Listed Companies

(cid:843)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:731)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)

Listed Companies

GOVERNANCE AND
TRANSPARENCY
INDEX 2018
(cid:843)(cid:912)(cid:729) st in Singapore

SINGAPORE  
CORPORATE  
AWARDS 2018
(cid:843)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:34)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)

Officer

  (Companies with  

S$1 billion and above in 
market capitalisation)

SIAS INVESTORS’
CHOICE AWARDS 2018

(cid:843)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)

Governance Award (Big Cap)

(cid:843)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)

Governance Award (Diversity)

(cid:843)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912) 

Company Award (Overall)

(cid:843)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)

Award (Telecommunications Services)
(cid:843)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)

Excellence Award (Big Cap)

DIRECTORS’ ATTENDANCE AT BOARD/GENERAL MEETINGS DURING THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2019 (1)

Name of Director

Simon Israel
Chua Sock Koong
Gautam Banerjee
Dominic Barton (2)
Bobby Chin
Venkataraman (Venky) Ganesan
Bradley Horowitz (3)
Gail Kelly (4)
Low Check Kian
Peter Mason AM (5)
Christina Ong 
Teo Swee Lian
Peter Ong (6) 

Scheduled Board Meetings
Number of 
Meetings Attended

Number of  
Meetings Held

Independent Directors’ Meeting
Number of
Meetings Held

Number of 
Meetings Attended

Annual General Meeting

6
6
6
1
6
6
2
2
6
6
6
6
1

6
6
6
–
6
5
2
2
6
6
6
6
1

–
–
1
–
1
1
–
–
1
1
1
1
–

–
–
1
–
1
1
–
–
1
1
1
1
–

✓
✓
✓
–
✓
✓
–
–
✓
✓
✓
✓
✓

Notes:
(1)   Refers to meetings held/attended while each Director was in office.
(2)   Mr Dominic Barton was appointed to the Board on 25 March 2019.
(3)  Mr Bradley Horowitz was appointed to the Board on 26 December 2018.
(4)  Mrs Gail Kelly was appointed to the Board on 26 December 2018.
(5)   Member of the Order of Australia.
(6)   Mr Peter Ong stepped down from the Board following the conclusion of the AGM on 24 July 2018.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

58

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

BOARD MATTERS
The Board’s Conduct of Affairs
The Board aims to create value for shareholders and 
ensure the long-term success of the Group by focusing on 
the development of the right strategy, business model, risk 
appetite, management, succession plan and compensation 
framework. It also seeks to align the interests of the Board 
and Management with that of shareholders and balance 
the interests of all stakeholders. In addition, the Board 
sets the tone for the entire organisation where ethics and 
values are concerned. 

The Board oversees the business affairs of the Singtel 
Group. It assumes responsibility for the Group’s overall 
strategic plans and performance objectives, financial 
plans and annual budget, key operational initiatives, 
major funding and investment proposals, financial 
performance reviews, compliance and accountability 
systems, and corporate governance practices. The Board 
also appoints the Group CEO, approves policies and 
guidelines on remuneration as well as the remuneration 
for the Board and Senior Management, and approves 
the appointment of Directors. In line with best practices in 
corporate governance, the Board also oversees the long-
term succession planning for Senior Management. 

Singtel has established financial authorisation and 
approval limits for operating and capital expenditure, the 
procurement of goods and services, and the acquisition 
and disposal of investments. The Board approves 
transactions exceeding certain threshold limits, while 
delegating authority for transactions below those limits to 
the Board Committees and the Management Committee 
to optimise operational efficiency.

Board meetings
The Board and Board Committees meet regularly to 
discuss strategy, operational matters and governance 
issues. All Board and Board Committee meetings are 
scheduled well in advance of each year in consultation 
with the Directors. At every scheduled meeting, the Board 
sets aside time for discussion without the presence of 
Management (except the executive Director). The Board 
also sets aside time for the non-executive Directors to 
meet without any executives present. The independent 
Directors meet at least once a year, at a meeting chaired 
by the Lead Independent Director. The Board holds 
approximately six scheduled meetings each year, and 
may also hold ad hoc meetings as and when warranted 
by particular circumstances. Six Board meetings were 
held in the financial year ended 31 March 2019. 

Material items that require Board approval include:

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:368)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:34)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:891)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:305)(cid:891)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:361)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:41)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:87)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
appointment of, and compensation for, Group CEO, 
CEOs, Group Chief Corporate Officer and Group CFO
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:98)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:891)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)

for employees

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)

categories of risk, as well as risk strategy and the 
policies for management of material risks

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:287)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)

certain material limits

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)

Attendance at Board or Board Committee meetings  
via telephone or video conference is permitted by 
Singtel’s Constitution.

Typically, one Board meeting a year is held in Australia, 
where one of Singtel’s key subsidiaries, Optus, is located. 
In addition, the Board makes an overseas trip annually to 
a country where the Group has a significant investment or 
has an interest in investing, or where Board members can 
be exposed to new technology relevant to the Group’s 
growth strategy. On such occasions, the Board may meet 
with local business leaders and government officials so 
as to help Board members gain greater insight into such 
countries. The Board also meets Singtel’s partners and 
key customers in those countries to develop stronger 
relationships with such partners and customers. Singtel 
also arranges for the Board to meet with experts in the 
technology/digital space to enhance their knowledge 
in new growth areas and enable the Board to make 
more informed decisions. Board meetings may include 
presentations by senior executives and external 
consultants/experts on strategic issues relating to  
specific business areas, as well as presentations by the 
Group’s associates. This allows the Board to develop a 
good understanding of the Group’s businesses and to 
promote active engagement with the Group’s partners 
and key executives. 

A record of the Directors’ attendance at Board meetings 
during the financial year ended 31 March 2019 is set out

59

on page 58. Directors who are unable to attend a Board 
meeting are provided with the briefing materials and can 
discuss issues relating to the matters to be discussed at 
the Board meeting with the Chairman or the Group CEO.

Director development/training
The Board values ongoing professional development 
and recognises that it is important that all Directors 
receive regular training so as to be able to serve 
effectively on, and contribute to, the Board. The 
Board has therefore adopted a policy on continuous 
professional development for Directors. 

All new Directors appointed to the Board are briefed  
by the Chairman, as well as the chairmen of the  
Board Committees, on issues relevant to the Board and 
Board Committees. They are also briefed by Senior 
Management on the Group’s business activities, strategic 
direction and policies, key business risks, the regulatory 
environment in which the Group operates and  
governance practices, as well as their statutory and  
other duties and responsibilities as Directors.

(cid:98)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
a Directors’ Manual, which sets out the Director’s duties 
and responsibilities and the Board governance policies 
and practices. The Directors’ Manual is maintained by the
Company Secretary. In line with best practices in 
corporate governance, new Directors also sign a letter 
of appointment from the Company stating clearly the 
role of the Board and non-executive Directors, the time 
commitment that the Director would be expected to 
allocate and other relevant matters. 

To ensure Directors can fulfil their obligations and to 
continually improve the performance of the Board, 

BOARD COMPOSITION, DIVERSITY AND BALANCE

8%

8%

Independence

Independent,  
non-executive 
directors
(cid:62)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:891)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912) 
non-executive 
directors
Executive director/
GCEO

all Directors are encouraged to undergo continual 
professional development during the term of their 
appointment. Professional development may relate 
to a particular subject area, committee membership, 
or key developments in Singtel’s environment, market 
or operations. Directors are encouraged to consult 
the Chairman if they consider that they personally, 
or the Board as a whole, would benefit from specific 
education or training regarding matters that fall within 
the responsibility of the Board or relate to the business 
of Singtel.

During the financial year ended 31 March 2019, the 
development/training programmes for Directors included 
the following:
(cid:843)(cid:912)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:431)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)

workshop with Senior Management to formulate 
and plan the Group’s longer-term strategy, during 
which the Directors were briefed on developments in 
the markets in which the Group operates and were 
introduced to new technologies and advancements 
relevant to the Group.

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)

Advisory Panel, during which they were also updated 
by representatives from companies in the digital/
technology space on emerging trends and technologies 
relevant to the Group’s business.

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:394)(cid:292)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)

Australia, and met with business leaders and key 
customers there.

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:61)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)

with experts and senior business leaders on issues 
facing boards and board practice.

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
Corporate Governance and related regulations.

33%

Male directors
Female directors

Gender 
Diversity

84%

67%

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

60

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

There are 12 Directors on the Board, comprising 10  
non-executive independent Directors, one non-executive 
non-independent Director and one executive Director.  
The Board has appointed a Lead Independent Director.  
A summary of the role of the Lead Independent Director 
is set out on page 63. The profiles of the Directors are set 
out on pages 15 to 20.

The size and composition of the Board are reviewed 
from time to time by the Corporate Governance and 
(cid:62)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:874)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
ensure that the size of the Board is conducive for effective 
discussion and decision making, and that the Board 
has an appropriate number of independent Directors. 
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)
skills and attributes among the Directors. Any potential 
conflicts of interest are taken into consideration.

In order to ensure that Singtel continues to be able 
to meet the challenges and demands of the markets 
in which Singtel operates, the Board is focused 
on enhancing the diversity of skills, expertise and 
perspectives on the Board in a structured way by 
proactively mapping out Singtel’s Board composition 
needs over the short and medium term.

Board diversity 
Singtel is committed to building a diverse, inclusive and 
collaborative culture. Singtel recognises and embraces 
the benefits of diversity on the Board, and views diversity 
at the Board level as an essential element in supporting 
the attainment of its strategic objectives and its 
sustainable development.

The Board’s Diversity Policy provides that, in reviewing 
(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)
will consider the benefits of all aspects of diversity, 
including diversity of skills, experience, background, 
gender, age, ethnicity and other relevant factors. 
These differences will be considered in determining 
the optimum composition of the Board and when 
possible should be balanced appropriately. All Board 
appointments are made based on merit, in the context 
of the skills, experience, independence and knowledge 
which the Board as a whole requires to be effective. 
Diversity is a key criterion in the instructions to external 
search consultants.

The Board is of the view that gender is an important 
aspect of diversity and will strive to ensure that (a) 
any brief to external search consultants to search for 
candidates for appointment to the Board will include a 

requirement to present female candidates, (b) female 
candidates are included for consideration by the 
(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
appointment to the Board, (c) the Board appoints at 
(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:292)(cid:874)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)
significant and appropriate female representation on the 
Board, recognising that the Board’s needs will change 
over time taking into account the skills and experience of 
the Board.

Reflecting the focus of the Group’s business in the region, 
six of Singtel’s 12 Directors are from, and have extensive 
experience in, jurisdictions outside Singapore, namely, the 
Chairman, Mr Simon Israel, and non-executive Directors, 
Messrs Dominic Barton, Venky Ganesan, Bradley Horowitz 
and Peter Mason AM, and Mrs Gail Kelly. In relation to 
gender diversity, 33% of the Singtel Board, or four out 
of the 12 Board members, are female. Other than the 
Group CEO, none of the Directors is a former or current 
employee of the Company or its subsidiaries.

Independence
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:845)(cid:912)
assesses the independence of each Director annually 
in accordance with the guidance in the 2018 Code. 
A Director is considered independent if he has no 
relationship with the Company, its related corporations, 
its substantial shareholders or its officers that could 
interfere, or be reasonably perceived to interfere, with  
the exercise of his independent business judgement in  
the best interests of Singtel.

The Board takes into account the existence of 
relationships or circumstances, including those identified 
by the listing rules of the Singapore Stock Exchange 
and related Practice Guidance, that are relevant in its 
determination as to whether a Director is independent. 
Such relationships or circumstances include the 
employment of a Director by the Company or any of its 
related corporations during the financial year in question 
or in any of the previous three financial years; a Director 
being on the Board for an aggregate period of more 
than nine years; a Director providing to or receiving 
from the Company or any of its subsidiaries significant 
payments or material services during the financial year 
in question or the previous financial year, other than 
compensation for board service; and a Director being 
related to any organisation to which the Company or any 
of its subsidiaries made, or from which the Company or 
any of its subsidiaries received, significant payments or 
material services during the financial year in question or 
the previous financial year.

61

The CGNC and the Board have assessed the 
independence of each of the Directors in 2019. A summary 
of the outcome of that assessment is set out below. 

course of business to the Singtel Group. The Board is of 
the view that the abovementioned relationships do not 
interfere with the exercise of the Directors’ independent 
business judgement in the best interests of Singtel. 

Based on the declarations of independence provided  
by the Directors and taking into account the guidance  
in the 2018 Code, the Board has determined that  
Ms Chua Sock Koong, Singtel’s Group CEO and Mr Simon 
Israel, Chairman of the Singtel Board, are the only non-
independent Directors. All other members of the Board  
are considered to be independent Directors. In line with  
the Board’s Code of Conduct and Ethics, each member  
of the CGNC and the Board recused himself or herself  
from the CGNC’s and the Board’s deliberations  
respectively on his or her own independence.

Mr Simon Israel is considered non-independent as 
he had previously been deemed non-independent by 
virtue of his previous roles as a non-executive director, 
and subsequently executive director, of Temasek 
Holdings (Private) Limited (Temasek). He stepped down 
from Temasek in June 2011. Temasek has an interest of 
approximately 52% as at 31 March 2019.

Mr Bobby Chin was appointed to the Singtel Board on  
1 May 2012 as an independent Director and to the Board  
of Directors of Temasek on 10 June 2014. After due 
consideration, the Board continues to regard Mr Chin 
as independent as he does not represent Temasek on 
the Singtel Board and he is not accustomed or under 
an obligation, whether formal or informal, to act in 
accordance with the directions, instructions or wishes of 
Temasek. As Mr Chin has demonstrated independence 
in character and judgement in the discharge of his 
responsibilities as a Director, the Board is satisfied that  
he will continue to exercise independent judgement  
and act in the best interests of Singtel and its security 
holders generally.

Mr Bobby Chin, Mrs Christina Ong, Mr Low Check Kian  
and Mr Gautam Banerjee are board members of 
organisations that purchase services and/or equipment 
from the Singtel Group in the ordinary course of  
business. The Directors’ roles in those organisations 
are non-executive in nature and they are not involved 
in the day-to-day conduct of the business of those 
organisations. In addition, Mrs Ong is a partner of Allen 
& Gledhill LLP (A&G). A&G provides legal services to, and 
receives fees from, the Singtel Group. However, Mrs Ong 
has an interest of less than 5% in A&G. Mrs Ong is also 
on the board of Oversea-Chinese Banking Corporation 
Limited, which provides banking services in the ordinary 

Mr Venky Ganesan is a director of BitSight Technologies, 
Inc (BitSight). Singtel’s subsidiary, Singtel Innov8 Pte 
Ltd, has an interest of less than 2% in BitSight. The 
investment in BitSight by Singtel Innov8 Pte Ltd was 
made independent of Mr Ganesan’s association with 
Singtel. The Board is of the view that the abovementioned 
relationships do not interfere with the exercise of  
Mr Ganesan’s independent business judgement in the 
best interests of Singtel.

Conflicts of Interest
Under the Board’s Code of Conduct and Ethics, Directors 
must avoid situations in which their own personal or 
business interests directly or indirectly conflict, or appear 
to conflict, with the interests of Singtel. The Code of 
Conduct and Ethics provides that where a Director 
has a conflict of interest, or it appears that he might 
have a conflict of interest, in relation to any matter, he 
should immediately declare his interest at a meeting of 
the Directors or send a written notice to the Company 
containing details of his interest and the conflict, and 
recuse himself from participating in any discussion and 
decision on the matter. Where relevant, the Directors have 
complied with the provisions of the Code of Conduct and 
Ethics, and such compliance has been duly recorded in 
the minutes of meeting.

The Chairman and the Group CEO
The Chairman of the Board is a non-executive 
appointment and is separate from the office of the 
Group CEO. The Chairman leads the Board and is 
responsible for ensuring the effectiveness of the Board 
and its governance processes, while the Group CEO is 
responsible for implementing the Group’s strategies  
and policies, and for conducting the Group’s business. 
The Chairman and the Group CEO are not related.

Role of the Chairman
The Chairman is responsible for leadership of the  
Board and is pivotal in creating the conditions for 
overall Board, Board Committee and individual Director 
effectiveness, both inside and outside the boardroom. 
This includes setting the agenda of the Board in 
consultation with the Directors and the Group CEO,  
and promoting active engagement and an open dialogue 
among the Directors, as well as between the Board and 
the Group CEO.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

62

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

The Chairman ensures that the performance of the  
Board is evaluated regularly, and guides the development 
needs of the Board. The Chairman leads the evaluation 
of the Group CEO’s performance and works with the 
Group CEO in overseeing talent management to ensure 
that robust succession plans are in place for the senior 
leadership team.

The Chairman works with the Board, the relevant 
Board Committees and Management to establish the 
boundaries of risk undertaken by the Group and ensure 
that governance systems and processes are in place  
and regularly evaluated.

The Chairman plays a significant leadership role by 
providing clear oversight, advice and guidance to the 
Group CEO and Management on strategy and the  
drive to transform Singtel’s businesses. This involves 
developing a keen understanding of the Group’s diverse 
and complex businesses, the industry, partners,  
regulators and competitors.

The Chairman provides support and advice to, and acts 
as a sounding board for, the Group CEO, while respecting 
executive responsibility. He engages with other members 
of the senior leadership regularly.

The Chairman also maintains effective communications 
with large shareholders and supports the Group CEO in 
engaging with a wide range of other stakeholders such as 
partners, governments and regulators where the Group 
operates. He travels overseas to visit the Group’s key 
associates in the region and, in the process, fosters strong 
relationships with the Group’s partners and gathers 
valuable feedback for Management to consider and 
follow up on.

The scope and extent of the Chairman’s and the Board’s 
responsibilities and obligations have been expanding  
due to the increased focus on corporate governance,  
risk management, regulation and compliance. The Board 
has agreed with the Chairman that he will commit a 
significant proportion of his time to his role and will 
manage his other time commitments accordingly. 

Role of the Lead Independent Director 
The Lead Independent Director is appointed by the Board 
to serve in a lead capacity to coordinate the activities of 
the non-executive Directors in circumstances where it 
would be inappropriate for the Chairman to serve in such 
capacity. He also assists the Chairman and the Board to 

assure effective corporate governance in managing the 
affairs of the Board and the Company.

The Lead Independent Director serves as chairman of 
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
includes meeting with the independent Directors at least 
annually. He provides feedback on the meeting(s) to 
the Board and/or the Chairman as appropriate. He will 
also be available to shareholders if they have concerns 
relating to matters that contact through the Chairman, 
Group CEO or Group CFO has failed to resolve, or where 
such contact is inappropriate.

Board Membership
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
of Board members and makes recommendations to 
the Board on the appointment, re-nomination and 
retirement of Directors.

When an existing Director chooses to retire or is required 
to retire from office by rotation, or the need for a new 
(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)
skills and attributes of the Board and the composition of 
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
prepares a shortlist of candidates with the appropriate 
profile for nomination or re-nomination. The Board 
has an ongoing process facilitated by an independent 
consultant to map out these needs and to search for 
candidates to join the Board.

(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)
preparedness, participation and candour into 
consideration when evaluating the past performance 
and contributions of a Director when making its 
recommendations to the Board. However, the  
re-nomination or replacement of a Director does 
not necessarily reflect the Director’s performance or 
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
consider the need to position and shape the Board in  
line with the evolving needs of Singtel and the business.

When deciding on the appointment of new Directors to 
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)
of factors, including the core competencies, skills and 
experience that are required on the Board and Board 
Committees, diversity, independence, conflicts of interest 
and time commitments.

In order to ensure Board renewal, the Board has in  
place guidelines on the tenure of the Chairman and 
Directors. The guidelines provide that Directors are 

63

appointed for an initial term of three years, and this 
may be extended to a second three-year term. As a 
general rule, a Director shall step down from the Board 
no later than at the Annual General Meeting (AGM) to 
be held in his sixth year of service. Where a Director is 
not appointed at an AGM, the Director’s term will be 
deemed to have commenced on the date of the AGM 
immediately following the date on which the Director 
was appointed. The Committee may, in appropriate 
circumstances, recommend to the Board that a Director’s 
term be extended beyond the second three-year term, 
for a period of up to three years. For Chairman, the same 
principles apply except that the term is determined from 
the point he became Chairman.

Directors must ensure that they are able to give sufficient 
time and attention to the affairs of Singtel and, as part 
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:912)
a Director is able to do so and whether he has been 
adequately carrying duties as a Director of Singtel. 
The Board has also adopted an internal guideline that 
seeks to address the competing time commitments 
that may be faced when a Director holds multiple 
board appointments. The guideline provides that, as a 
general rule, each Director should hold no more than 
five directorships in public listed companies. However, 
the Board recognises that the individual circumstances 
and capacity of each Director are different and there 
may be circumstances in which a different limit on board 
appointments is appropriate. The guideline also provides 
that (a) in support of their candidature for directorship 
(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:891)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
details of other commitments and an indication of the 
time involved, and (b) non-executive Directors should 
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
accepting any new appointments as Directors. There are 
no alternate Directors on the Board.

The Company’s Constitution provides that a Director must 
retire from office at the third AGM after the Director was 
elected or last re-elected.

A retiring Director is eligible for re-election by Singtel 
shareholders at the AGM. In addition, a Director 
appointed by the Board to fill a casual vacancy or 
appointed as an additional Director may only hold  
office until the next AGM, at which time he will be  
eligible for re-election by shareholders. If at any AGM, 
fewer than three Directors would retire pursuant to the 
requirements set out above, the additional Directors to 
retire at that AGM shall be those who have been longest 
in office since their last re-election or appointment.  

The Group CEO, as a Director, is subject to the same 
retirement by rotation, resignation and removal 
provisions as the other Directors, and such provisions will 
not be subject to any contractual terms that may have 
been entered into with the Company. Shareholders are 
provided with relevant information in the Annual Report 
on the candidates for election or re-election.

Board Performance
(cid:25)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912) 
the effectiveness of the Board, the Board Committees  
and individual Directors. For the financial year ended
31 March 2019, as in previous years, an independent 
external consultant (2019: Aon Hewitt Singapore) was 
appointed to facilitate this process. The 2019 survey was 
designed to provide an evaluation of the effectiveness 
of the Board, Board Committees, Chairman and 
individual Directors, as well as provide insights on 
the Board culture. The Directors were requested to 
complete evaluation questionnaires on matters such as 
Board composition, Board processes, representation of 
shareholders and environmental, social and governance 
(ESG) issues, managing company performance, Board 
strategy and priorities, Board Committee effectiveness, 
CEO performance and succession planning, director 
development and management, and risk management.  
Senior management were also requested to complete 
questionnaires covering the development/monitoring 
of strategy, the relationship between the Board and 
management, risk management, representation of 
shareholders and ESG issues, and Board Committee 
effectiveness.

In addition to the appraisal exercise, the contributions 
and performance of each Director are assessed by  
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
composition of the Board and the various Board 
(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:394)(cid:912)
areas for improving the effectiveness of the Board and 
Board Committees. The Board is also able to assess the 
Board Committees through their regular reports to the 
Board on their activities.

Access to information
Prior to each Board meeting, Singtel’s Management 
provides the Board with information relevant to 
matters on the agenda for the meeting. In general, 
such information is provided a week in advance of the 
Board meeting. The Board also receives regular reports 
pertaining to the operational and financial performance 
of the Group, as well as regular updates, which include 
information on the Group’s competitors, and industry and

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

64

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

technological developments. In addition, Directors receive 
analysts’ reports on Singtel and other telecommunications 
and digital companies on a quarterly basis. Such reports 
enable the Directors to keep abreast of key issues and 
developments in the industry, as well as challenges 
and opportunities for the Group. In line with Singtel’s 
commitment to the conservation of the environment, as 
well as technology advancement, Singtel has done away 
with hard copy Board papers, and Directors are instead 
provided with tablet devices to enable them to access 
and read Board and Board Committee papers prior to 
and at meetings.

The Board has separate and independent access to the 
Senior Management and the Company Secretary at all 
times. Procedures are in place for Directors and Board 
Committees, where necessary, to seek independent 
professional advice, paid for by Singtel.

Role of the Company Secretary
The Company Secretary attends all Board meetings  
and is accountable directly to the Board, through 
the Chairman, on all matters to do with the proper 
functioning of the Board, including advising the Board 
on corporate and administrative matters, as well as 
facilitating orientation and assisting with professional 
development as required. She assists the Board in 
implementing and strengthening corporate governance 
policies and processes. The Company Secretary is the 
primary point of contact between the Company and 
the SGX. The Company Secretary is legally trained, with 
experience in legal matters and company secretarial 
practices. The appointment and removal of the Company 
Secretary is subject to the approval of the Board.

Board and management committees
The following Board Committees assist the Board in 
executing its duties:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:874)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)

(cid:873)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:874)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:25)(cid:393)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)

(ERCC)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:34)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:34)(cid:41)(cid:16)(cid:874)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:83)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:83)(cid:16)(cid:874)

The selection of Board Committee members requires 
careful management to ensure that each committee 
comprises Directors with appropriate qualifications  
and skills, and that there is an equitable distribution of  
responsibilities among Board members. The need to 
maximise the effectiveness of the Board, and encourage 
active participation and contribution from Board 
members, is also taken into consideration.

A record of each Director’s Board Committee 
memberships and attendance at Board Committee 
meetings during the financial year ended 31 March 2019 
is set out on page 70.

Audit Committee

MEMBERSHIP
Bobby Chin, committee chairman and independent 
non-executive Director
Gautam Banerjee, independent non-executive
Director
Gail Kelly, independent non-executive Director 
(appointed on 15 May 2019)
Christina Ong, independent non-executive Director

Note:
Peter Ong stepped down as a Director and AC member following the
conclusion of the AGM on 24 July 2018.

KEY OBJECTIVE
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)
and other responsibilities relating to internal controls, 
financial and accounting matters, compliance, and 
business and financial risk management

The terms of reference of the AC provide that the AC  
shall comprise at least three Directors, all of whom  
are non-executive Directors and the majority, including
the chairman, are independent Directors. At least two 
members of the AC, including the AC chairman, must 
have recent and relevant accounting or related financial 
management expertise or experience. The chairman
of the AC is a Director other than the Chairman of the
Singtel Board.

Each Board Committee may make decisions on matters 
within its terms of reference and applicable limits of 
authority. The terms of reference of each committee
are reviewed from time to time, as are the committee 
structure and membership.

The AC has explicit authority to investigate any matter 
within its terms of reference, and has full cooperation 
and access to Management. It has direct access to the 
internal and external auditors, and full discretion to invite 
any Director or executive officer to attend its meetings,

65

 
and reasonable resources to enable it to discharge its 
functions. It also has the authority to review its terms 
of reference and its own effectiveness annually and 
recommend necessary changes to the Board.

The main responsibilities of the AC are to assist the 
Board objectively in discharging its statutory and other 
responsibilities relating to internal controls, financial 
and accounting matters, compliance, and business and 
financial risk management.

The AC reports to the Board on the results of the audits 
undertaken by the internal and external auditors, the 
adequacy of disclosure of information, and the adequacy 
and effectiveness of the system of risk management and 
internal controls. It reviews the quarterly and annual 
financial statements with Management and the external 
auditors, reviews and approves the annual audit plans 
for the internal and external auditors, and reviews the 
internal and external auditors’ evaluation of the Group’s 
system of internal controls.

The AC is responsible for evaluating the cost 
effectiveness of external audits, the independence 
and objectivity of the external auditors, and the nature 
and extent of the non-audit services provided by the 
external auditors to ensure that the independence of 
the external auditors is not compromised. It also makes 
recommendations to the Board on the appointment or 
re-appointment, remuneration and terms of engagement 
of the external auditors. In addition, the AC approves the 
Singtel Internal Audit Charter and reviews the internal 
audit function for independence and effectiveness, 
adequacy of resourcing, including staff qualifications 
and experience, and its standing within Singtel. The 
AC also reviews the performance of Internal Audit, 
including approving decisions relating to appointment or 
removal of Group Chief Internal Auditor and approving 
the performance and compensation of the Group Chief 
Internal Auditor. Based on this, the AC is satisfied that 
the internal audit function is independent, effective and 
adequately resourced. 

During the financial year, the AC reviewed the 
Management’s and Singtel Internal Audit’s assessment of 
fraud risk and held discussions with the external auditors 
to obtain reasonable assurance that adequate measures 
were put in place to mitigate fraud risk exposure in 
the Group. The AC also reviewed the adequacy of 
the whistle-blower arrangements instituted by the 

Group through which staff and external parties can in 
confidence raise concerns about possible improprieties 
in matters of financial reporting or other matters. All 
whistle-blower complaints were reviewed by the AC at its 
quarterly meetings to ensure independent and thorough 
investigation and adequate follow-up.

The AC met five times during the financial year. At these  
meetings, the Group CEO, Group Chief Corporate Officer, 
Group CFO, Vice President (Group Finance), Group 
Chief Internal Auditor and the respective CEOs of the 
businesses were also in attendance. During the financial 
year, the AC reviewed the results of audits performed 
by Internal Audit based on the approved audit plan, 
significant litigation and fraud investigations, register of 
interested person transactions and non-audit services 
rendered by the external auditors. The AC also met with 
the internal and external auditors, without the presence 
of Management, during the financial year.

The external auditors provided regular updates and 
periodic briefings to the AC on changes or amendments 
to accounting standards to enable the members  
of the AC to keep abreast of such changes and its 
corresponding impact on the financial statements, if any. 
Directors are also invited to attend relevant seminars  
on changes to accounting standards and issues by 
leading accounting firms.

Financial matters
The AC reviewed the financial statements of the Group 
before the announcement of the Group’s quarterly and 
full-year results. In the process, the AC reviewed the 
key areas of management’s estimates and judgement 
applied for key financial issues including revenue 
recognition, taxation, goodwill impairment, and the joint 
ventures’ and associates’ contingent liabilities, critical 
accounting policies and any other significant matters 
that might affect the integrity of the financial statements. 
The AC also considered the report from the external 
auditors, including their findings on the key areas of 
audit focus. Significant matters that were discussed with 
management, internal and external auditors have been 
included as key audit matters (KAMs) in the Independent 
Auditors’ Report for the financial year ended 31 March 
2019. Refer to pages 131 to 136 of this Annual Report.

The AC took into consideration the approach and 
methodology applied in the valuation of acquired 
businesses, as well as the reasonableness of the

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

66

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

estimates and key assumptions used. In addition to the 
views from the external auditors, subject matter experts 
including external tax specialists and legal experts, 
were consulted. The AC concluded that management’s 
accounting treatment and estimates in each of the KAMs 
were appropriate.

The information included in the Annual Report, excluding 
the Financial Statements and Independent Auditors’ 
Report, was provided to the external auditors after the 
Independent Auditors’ Report date. The external auditors 
have provided a written confirmation to the AC that they 
have completed the work in accordance with SSA 720 
(Revised), The Auditor’s Responsibilities Relating to Other 
Information, and they have noted no exception. A copy 
of the charter of the AC is available on the corporate 
governance page on the Company’s website at www.
singtel.com/about-us/company/corporate-governance.

Corporate Governance and 
Nominations Committee

MEMBERSHIP
Low Check Kian, committee chairman and independent 
non-executive Director
Simon Israel, non-executive Chairman of the  
Singtel Board
Christina Ong, independent non-executive Director 
Teo Swee Lian, independent non-executive Director 

KEY OBJECTIVES
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:25)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:439)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)

appointment, re-nomination and retirement of 
Directors

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)

Board, Board Committees and Directors

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:21)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)

governance practices, taking into account relevant 
local and international developments in the area of 
corporate governance

(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:324)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)
of whom, including the chairman, shall be independent. 
As part of its commitment to gender diversity, the  
Board will strive to appoint at least one female Director 
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:850)

67

(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
commentaries on “Board Composition, Diversity and 
Balance”, “Board Membership” and “Board Performance” 
from pages 60 to 64.

(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:912)
ended 31 March 2019, and also approved various matters 
by written resolution.

Executive Resource and  
Compensation Committee

MEMBERSHIP
Peter Mason AM, committee chairman and 
independent non-executive Director
Simon Israel, non-executive Chairman of the  
Singtel Board
Gail Kelly, independent non-executive Director 
(appointed on 26 December 2018)
Teo Swee Lian, independent non-executive Director

KEY OBJECTIVES
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:68)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)
  Senior Management
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:87)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)

policies, including long-term incentive schemes,  
to deliver annual and long-term performance of  
the Group

The ERCC plays an important role in helping to ensure 
that the Group is able to attract, recruit, motivate and 
retain the best talents through competitive remuneration 
and progressive and robust policies so as to achieve the 
Group’s goals and deliver sustainable shareholder value.

The terms of reference of the ERCC provide that the 
ERCC shall comprise at least three Directors, all of whom 
shall be non-executive and the majority of whom shall 
be independent. The ERCC is chaired by an independent 
non-executive Director.

The main responsibilities of the ERCC, as delegated 
by the Board, are to oversee the remuneration of the 
Board and Senior Management. It sets appropriate 
remuneration framework and policies, including long-
term incentive schemes, to deliver annual and long-term 
performance of the Group.

 
Finance and Investment Committee

MEMBERSHIP
Simon Israel, committee chairman and
non-executive Chairman of the Singtel Board 
Dominic Barton, independent non-executive Director 
(appointed on 15 May 2019) 
Venky Ganesan, independent non-executive Director
Bradley Horowitz, independent non-executive Director 
(appointed on 26 December 2018)
Low Check Kian, independent non-executive Director

KEY OBJECTIVES
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:80)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)

the Singtel Group’s overall strategy and on strategic 
issues for the Singapore and international businesses

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)

investment and treasury policies

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:25)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)

banking facilities and manage the Singtel Group’s 
liabilities in line with the Singtel Board’s policies  
and directives

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:68)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:891)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)

to Singtel’s share purchase mandate

The terms of reference of the FIC provide that the FIC  
shall comprise at least three Directors, the majority of 
whom shall be independent Directors. Membership of  
the AC and the FIC is mutually exclusive.

The FIC met six times during the financial year ended
31 March 2019.

The ERCC has been tasked by the Board to approve or 
recommend to the Board the appointment, promotion 
and remuneration of Senior Management. The ERCC 
also recommends the Directors’ compensation for the 
Board’s endorsement. Directors’ compensation is subject 
to the approval of shareholders at the AGM. The ERCC’s 
recommendations cover all aspects of remuneration for 
Directors and Senior Management, including but not 
limited to Director’s fees, salaries, allowances, bonuses, 
options, share-based incentives, management awards, 
and benefits-in-kind.

The ERCC seeks expert advice and views on 
remuneration and governance matters from both within 
and outside the Group as appropriate. The ERCC draws 
on a pool of independent consultants for diversified 
views and specific expertise. The ERCC will ensure that 
existing relationships, if any, between the Group and 
its appointed remuneration consultants will not affect 
the independence and objectivity of the remuneration 
consultants.

The ERCC approves or recommends termination 
payments, retirement payments, gratuities, ex-gratia 
payments, severance payments and other similar 
payments to Senior Management. The ERCC ensures  
that contracts of service for Senior Management contain 
fair and reasonable termination clauses that are not  
overly generous.

The ERCC also ensures that appropriate recruitment, 
development and succession planning programmes 
are in place for key executive roles, with the objective of 
building strong and sound leadership bench strength 
for long-term sustainability of the business. The ERCC 
conducts, on an annual basis, a succession planning 
review of Senior Management.

The Group CEO, who is not a member of the ERCC, 
may attend meetings of the ERCC but does not attend 
discussions relating to her own performance and 
remuneration. Singtel’s remuneration policy and 
remuneration for Directors and Senior Management  
are discussed in this report from pages 76 to 83.

The ERCC met four times during the financial year ended 
31 March 2019.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

68

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

Risk Committee

Advisory Committee/Panel

Singtel has two advisory bodies, the Optus Advisory 
Committee (OAC) and the Technology Advisory  
Panel (TAP).

The OAC comprises both Board and non-Board 
members, namely Mr Peter Mason AM (committee 
chairman), Ms Chua Sock Koong, Mr David Gonski,  
Mr Simon Israel, Mrs Gail Kelly, Mr John Morschel  
and Mr Paul O’Sullivan. The OAC reviews strategic 
business issues relating to the Australian business.

The TAP advises the Board on developments, issues 
and emerging trends in the technology space. The TAP 
comprises distinguished international members and is 
chaired by Mr Venky Ganesan. The other members of 
the Panel are Mr Manik Gupta, Mr Bradley Horowitz 
and Mr Koh Boon Hwee.

Management Committee

In addition to the five Board Committees and the two 
advisory bodies, Singtel has a Management Committee 
that comprises the Group CEO, CEO Group Enterprise, 
CEO Consumer Australia, CEO Consumer Singapore, 
CEO International, CEO Group Digital Life, Group Chief 
Corporate Officer, Group CFO, Group Chief Human 
Resources Officer, Group Chief Information Officer and 
Group Chief Technology Officer.

The Management Committee meets every week to 
review and direct Management on operational policies 
and activities.

MEMBERSHIP
Teo Swee Lian, committee chairman and
independent non-executive Director
Gautam Banerjee, independent non-executive
Director 
Dominic Barton, independent non-executive Director 
(appointed on 15 May 2019)
Bobby Chin, independent non-executive Director

Note:
Peter Ong stepped down as a Director and RC member following the 
conclusion of the AGM on 24 July 2018.

KEY OBJECTIVES
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:439)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)

relation to governance of material risks in the Group’s 
business, which include ensuring that Management 
maintains a sound system of risk management and 
internal controls to safeguard shareholders’ interests 
and the Group’s assets, and determining the nature 
and extent of the material risks that the Board is 
willing to take in achieving the Group’s strategic 
objectives

The terms of reference of the RC provide that the RC 
shall comprise at least three members, the majority of 
whom, including the chairman, shall be independent. 
Members of the RC are appointed by the Board, on the 
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:35)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)
common member between the RC and the AC.

The RC reviews the Group’s strategy, policies, framework, 
processes and procedures for the identification, 
measurement, reporting and mitigation of material 
risks in the Group’s business and reports any significant 
matters, findings and recommendations in this regard 
to the Board.

The RC meets at least three times a year, with additional 
meetings to be convened as deemed necessary by the 
chairman of the RC. The RC met three times during the 
financial year ended 31 March 2019.

69

DIRECTORS’ BOARD COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIPS AND ATTENDANCE AT BOARD COMMITTEE MEETINGS  
DURING THE FINANCIAL YEAR ENDED 31 MARCH 2019 (1)

Audit  
Committee

Corporate  
Governance and  
Nominations  
Committee

Executive  
Resource and  
Compensation  
Committee

Finance and  
Investment  
Committee

Risk  
Committee

Number of  
Meetings  
Held

Number of  
Meetings  
Attended

Number of  
Meetings  
Held

Number of  
Meetings  
Attended

Number of  
Meetings  
Held

Number of  
Meetings  
Attended

Number of  
Meetings  
Held

Number of  
Meetings  
Attended

Number of  
Meetings  
Held

Number of  
Meetings  
Attended

–
5
5
–
5
–
–
–
–
–
5
–
2

–
5
5
–
5
–
–
–
–
–
5
–
2

3
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
3
–
3
3
–

3
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
3
–
3
3
–

4
4
–
–
–
–
–
1
–
4
–
4
–

4
4
–
–
–
–
–
1
–
4
–
4
–

6
6
–
–
–
6
1
–
6
–
–
–
–

6
6
–
–
–
6
1
–
6
–
–
–
–

–
3
3
–
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
3
–

–
3
3
–
3
–
–
–
–
–
–
3
–

Name of Director

Simon Israel
Chua Sock Koong (2)
Gautam Banerjee 
Dominic Barton (3) 
Bobby Chin
Venky Ganesan
Bradley Horowitz (4)
Gail Kelly (5) 
Low Check Kian
Peter Mason AM
Christina Ong 
Teo Swee Lian
Peter Ong (6)

Notes:
(1)  Refers to meetings held/attended while each Director was in office.
(2)  Ms Chua Sock Koong is not a member of the Board Committees, although she attended meetings of the Committees as appropriate.
(3)  Mr Dominic Barton was appointed a member of the Finance and Investment Committee and the Risk Committee on 15 May 2019.
(4)  Mr Bradley Horowitz was appointed a member of the Finance and Investment Committee on 26 December 2018.
(5)  Mrs Gail Kelly was appointed a member of the Executive Resource and Compensation Committee and the Audit Committee on 26 December 2018 and  

15 May 2019 respectively.

(6)  Mr Peter Ong stepped down from the Singtel Board following the conclusion of the AGM on 24 July 2018.

ACCOUNTABILITY AND AUDIT 
Accountability
Singtel recognises the importance of providing the 
Board with accurate and relevant information on a 
timely basis. Hence, Board members receive monthly 
financial and business reports from Management. Such 
reports compare Singtel’s actual performance against 
the budget, and highlight key business drivers/indicators 
and any major issues that are relevant to Singtel’s 
performance, position and prospects. 

Internal Audit (IA)
Singtel IA comprises a team of 63 staff members, 
including the Group Chief Internal Auditor. Singtel IA 
reports to the AC functionally and to the Group CEO 
administratively. Singtel IA is a member of the Singapore 
chapter of the Institute of Internal Auditors (IIA) and 
adopts the International Standards for the Professional 
Practice of Internal Auditing (the IIA Standards) laid down 
in the International Professional Practices Framework 
issued by the IIA.

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019, Singtel’s 
Group CEO and Group CFO have provided a written 
confirmation to the Board on the integrity of Singtel’s 
financial statements and on the adequacy and 
effectiveness of Singtel’s risk management and internal 
control systems, addressing financial, operational, 
compliance and information technology risks. This 
certification covers Singtel and the subsidiaries that  
are under Singtel’s management control.

Singtel IA has a Quality Assurance programme to ensure 
that its audit activities conform to the IIA Standards. 
As part of the programme, external Quality Assurance 
Reviews are carried out at least once every three years 
by qualified professionals from an external organisation. 
The external Quality Assurance Review was successfully 
completed in 2018 and continues to meet or exceed the 
IIA Standards in all key aspects.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

70

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

Singtel IA adopts a risk-based approach in formulating 
the annual audit plan that aligns its activities to the key 
strategies and risks across the Group’s business. This 
plan is reviewed and approved by the AC. The reviews 
performed by Singtel IA are aimed at assisting the Board 
in promoting sound risk management, robust internal 
controls and good corporate governance, through 
assessing the design and operating effectiveness 
of controls that govern key business processes and 
risks identified in the overall risk framework of the 
Group. Singtel IA’s reviews also focus on compliance 
with Singtel’s policies, procedures and regulatory 
responsibilities, performed in the context of financial  
and operational, revenue assurance and information 
systems reviews.

Singtel IA works closely with Management in its internal 
consulting and control advisory role to promote effective 
risk management, robust internal control and good 
governance practices in the development of new 
products/services, and implementation of new/enhanced 
systems and processes. Singtel IA also collaborates 
with the internal audit functions of Singtel’s regional 
associates to promote joint reviews and the sharing of 
knowledge and/or best practices.

To ensure that the internal audits are performed 
effectively, Singtel IA recruits and employs suitably 
qualified professional staff with the requisite skill sets and 
experience. Singtel IA provides training and development 
opportunities for its staff to ensure their technical 
knowledge and skill sets remain current and relevant.

External Auditor
The Board is responsible for the initial appointment 
of external auditor. Shareholders then approve the 
appointment at Singtel’s AGM. The external auditor 
holds office until its removal or resignation. The AC 
assesses the external auditor based on factors such 
as the performance and quality of its audit and the 
independence and objectivity of the auditor, and 
recommends its appointment to the Board. 

During the year, in line with the Singtel Group policy on 
periodic review of the appointment of external auditors, 
the AC has recommended, and the Board has endorsed, 
the appointment of KPMG as the external auditor for 
Singtel Group for shareholders’ approval at the 2018 
AGM. In recommending the appointment, an audit tender 

exercise was conducted and proposals were considered 
against specific evaluation criteria with assigned weights 
relevant to Singtel Group’s requirements, taking into 
account relevant guidelines on evaluation of external 
auditors issued by the Singapore Accounting & Corporate 
Regulatory Authority (ACRA), Singapore Exchange 
(SGX) and the Audit Committee Guidance Committee 
(ACGC) Guidebook. Singtel has complied with Rule 712 
and Rule 715 of the SGX Listing Manual in relation to the 
appointment of its external auditor.

In order to maintain the independence of the external 
auditor, Singtel has developed policies and approval 
processes regarding the types of non-audit services that 
the external auditor can provide to the Singtel Group. 
The AC reviewed the non-audit services provided by 
the external auditor during the financial year and the 
associated fees. The AC is satisfied that the independence 
and objectivity of the external auditor has not been 
impaired by the provision of those services. The 
external auditor has also provided confirmation of its 
independence to the AC.

Fees for KPMG services for the financial year 
ended 31 March 2019

Audit services 
(cid:62)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:891)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)
(including audit-related services) 

(S$ Mil)

4.9

0.9

Risk Management and Internal Control
The Board has overall responsibility for the governance 
of risk and exercises oversight of the material risks in 
the Group’s business. During the financial year ended 
31 March 2019, the Risk Committee (RC) assisted the 
Board in the oversight of the Group’s risk profile and 
policies, adequacy and effectiveness of the Group’s 
risk management system including the framework 
and process for the identification and management of 
significant risks, and reports to the Board on material 
matters, findings and recommendations pertaining to risk 
management. The AC provides oversight of the financial 
reporting risk and the adequacy and effectiveness of the 
Group’s internal control and compliance systems.

The Board has approved a Group Risk Framework for 
the identification of key risks within the business. This 
Framework defines 30 categories of risks ranging from 
environmental to operational and management decision-
making risks. The Group’s risk management and internal 

71

control framework is aligned with the ISO 31000:2009 
Risk Management framework and the Committee of 
Sponsoring Organisations of the Treadway Commission 
(COSO) Internal Controls Integrated Framework.  
Major incidents and violations, if any, are reported to  
the Board to facilitate the Board’s oversight of the 
effectiveness of crisis management and the adequacy  
of mitigating measures taken by Management to  
address the underlying risks.

The identification and day-to-day management of  
risks rest with Management. Management is responsible 
for the effective implementation of risk management 
strategy, policies and processes to facilitate the 
achievement of business plans and goals within the risk 
tolerance established by the Board. Key business risks  
are proactively identified, addressed and reviewed on  
an ongoing basis.

The Risk Management Committee, including relevant 
members from the Senior Management team, is 
responsible for setting the direction of corporate risk 
management and monitoring the implementation of 
risk management policies and procedures including the 
adequacy of the Group’s insurance programme.  
The Risk Management Committee reports to the RC  
on a regular basis.

The Board has established a Risk Appetite Statement  
and Risk Tolerance Framework to provide guidance to  
the Management on key risk parameters. The significant 
risks in the Group’s business, including mitigating 
measures, were also reviewed by the RC on a regular 
basis and reported to the Board. Risk registers are 
maintained by the business and operational units which 
identify the key risks facing the Group’s business and the 
internal controls in place to manage those risks. The RC 
had reviewed the Group’s risk management framework 
during the reporting period and was satisfied that it 
continued to be sound.

Internal and external auditors conduct audits that involve 
testing the effectiveness of the material internal control 
systems within the Singtel Group, relating to financial, 
operational, compliance and information technology 
risks. Any material non-compliance or lapses in internal 
controls are reported to the AC, including the remedial 
measures recommended to address the risks identified. 
The AC also reviews the adequacy and timeliness of 

the actions taken by Management in response to the 
recommendations made by the internal and external 
auditors. Control self-assessments in key areas of the 
Group’s operations are conducted by Management 
on a periodic basis to evaluate the adequacy and 
effectiveness of the risk management and internal control 
systems, including quarterly and annual certifications by 
Management to the AC and the Board respectively on 
the integrity of financial reporting and the adequacy and 
effectiveness of the risk management, internal control and 
compliance systems.

The Group has put in place a Board Escalation Process 
where major incidents and violations including major/ 
material operational loss events and potential breaches 
of laws and regulations by the Company and/or its key 
officers, are required to be reported by Management 
and/or Internal Audit to the Board immediately to 
facilitate the Board’s oversight of crisis management 
and adequacy and effectiveness of follow-up actions 
taken by Management. Through this process, the Board 
has been kept informed promptly of any incidents with 
potential material financial, operational, compliance and 
information technology risk impact.

The Board has received assurance from the Group CEO 
and Group CFO that, as at 31 March 2019, the Group’s  
financial records have been properly maintained,  
the financial statements give a true and fair view of  
the Group’s financial position, operations and 
performance, and that they are prepared in accordance 
with accounting standards.

The Board has also received assurance from the  
Group CEO, Group CFO and Management Committee 
members that the Group’s internal controls and risk 
management systems were adequate and effective 
as at 31 March 2019 to address financial, operational, 
compliance and information technology risks. 

Based on the internal controls established and maintained 
by the Group, work performed by internal and external 
auditors, reviews performed by Management and the 
various Board Committees as well as assurances from 
members of the Management Committee, the Board, 
with the concurrence of the AC, is of the opinion that the 
Group’s internal controls and risk management systems 
were adequate and effective as at 31 March 2019 to 
address financial, operational, compliance and information 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

72

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

technology risks, which the Group considers relevant and 
material to its operations.

The systems of risk management and internal control 
established by Management provides reasonable, but 
not absolute, assurance that Singtel will not be adversely 
affected by any event that can be reasonably foreseen  
as it strives to achieve its business objectives. However, 
the Board also notes that no system of risk management 
and internal control can provide absolute assurance in  
this regard, or absolute assurance against poor 
judgement in decision-making, human error, losses,  
fraud or other irregularities. 

Further details of the Group’s Risk Management
Philosophy and Approach can be found on pages 89  
to 99.

SHAREHOLDER RIGHTS AND ENGAGEMENT 
Communication with Shareholders
Singtel is committed to delivering high standards 
of corporate disclosure and transparency in our 
communications with shareholders, analysts and other 
stakeholders in the investment community. Singtel 
provides timely, regular and relevant information 
regarding the Group’s strategy, performance and 
prospects to aid shareholders and investors in their 
investment decisions.

Over the years, Singtel has won recognition from  
investors, academia and finance media for its strong 
emphasis on corporate governance and proactive 
approach to shareholder communication and 
engagement. It has also been rated highly on several 
indices and rankings for its sustainability practices.

The Singtel Investor Relations (IR) website is a key 
resource of information for the investment community. 
It contains a wealth of investor-related information 
on Singtel, including investor presentations, webcasts 
of earnings presentations, transcripts of earnings 
conference calls, annual reports, upcoming events, 
dividend policy, bond programmes, credit ratings and 
investor factsheets. Contact details of the IR department 
are also listed on the website to facilitate dialogue and 
queries from shareholders.

Singtel makes timely disclosures of any new material 
information to the SGX. These filings are also posted on 
the Singtel IR website, allowing investors to keep abreast 
of strategic and operational developments.

Singtel reports financial results on a quarterly basis, 
typically within 45 days from the end of each financial 
quarter. The quarterly financial results announcements 
contain detailed financial disclosures and in-depth 
analyses of key value-drivers and metrics for the  
Group’s businesses.

Singtel also provides financial guidance for its businesses 
at the beginning of each financial year and affirms or 
updates the guidance to accurately reflect prevailing 
market conditions at the end of each quarter.

Singtel proactively engages shareholders and the 
investment community through group and one-on-
one meetings, conference calls, email communications, 
investor conferences and roadshows. This year, Singtel 
engaged over 500 investors in more than 200 meetings 
and conference calls in Singapore, London, Taiwan, 
(cid:62)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:119)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)
meetings are largely undertaken by Singtel’s Senior 
Management, the Chairman and certain Board members 
also meet with investors.

To ensure a two-way flow of information, Singtel 
commissions an annual survey of investors’ perceptions  
to solicit feedback from the investment community  
on a range of strategic and topical issues. The survey 
provides the Singtel Board and Management with 
invaluable insights into investors’ views of the Group  
and helps Singtel identify areas for improvement in 
investor communication.

Shareholder Meetings
Singtel strongly encourages and supports shareholder
participation at general meetings. Singtel delivers
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:35)(cid:61)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)
month ahead, providing sufficient time for shareholders 
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:35)(cid:61)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:393)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)
(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:35)(cid:61)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:35)(cid:61)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)
also advertised in The Straits Times for the benefit of
shareholders. Singtel holds its general meetings at
central locations in Singapore with convenient access  
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:98)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912) 
and pursuant to the Companies Act, the Central 
Provident Fund Board and relevant intermediaries  
(as defined in the Companies Act, Chapter 50) may 
appoint more than two proxies to attend and vote  
on their behalf. A registered shareholder who is not a 
relevant intermediary may appoint up to two proxies. 
There are separate resolutions at general meetings  
on each substantially separate issue.  Singtel currently 

73

does not implement voting in absentia by mail or 
electronic means as the authentication of shareholder 
identity and other related security and integrity issues 
remain a concern.

At each AGM, the Group CEO delivers a presentation 
to update shareholders on Singtel’s progress over the 
past year. Directors and Senior Management are in 
attendance to address queries and concerns about 
Singtel. Singtel’s external auditor and counsel also attend 
to help address shareholders’ queries relating to the 
conduct of the audit and the auditor’s reports, as well 
as clarify any points of law, regulation or meeting 
procedure that may arise. Shareholders are informed of 
the voting procedures and rules governing the meeting. 
The minutes of all general meetings are posted on 
Singtel’s IR website. The minutes disclose the names of 
the Directors, Senior Management and, where relevant, 
the external auditor and advisors who attended the 
meetings, as well as details of the proceedings, including 
the questions raised by shareholders and the answers 
given by the Board/Management.

Electronic Poll Voting at 
Singtel General Meetings

All resolutions at Singtel’s general meetings are 
voted on by poll so as to better reflect shareholders’ 
shareholding interests and ensure greater transparency. 
Singtel uses electronic poll voting devices to register the 
votes of shareholders who attend the general meetings.

Singtel appoints an independent external party as 
scrutineer for the electronic poll voting process. Prior to 
the general meeting, the scrutineer will review the
proxies and the electronic poll voting system, and 
attends at the proxy verification process, to ensure 
that the proxy and poll voting information is compiled 
correctly. During the general meeting, the scrutineer 
attends to ensure that the polling process is properly 
carried out.

When voting on a resolution has closed, the poll  
voting results, including the number and percentage 
of votes cast for and against the resolution, are 
immediately presented to shareholders. The poll voting 
results are promptly filed with SGX on the same day  
as the meeting.

MANAGING STAKEHOLDER RELATIONSHIPS
Singtel undertakes a formal stakeholder engagement 
exercise, which is facilitated by a third party at least  
once every three years to determine the environmental, 
social and governance issues that are important to the 
stakeholders. These issues form the materiality matrix 
upon which targets, metrics, programmes and progress 
are reviewed by and approved by the Board, before 
they are published annually in Singtel’s sustainability 
report. Singtel’s executives are also involved in ongoing 
engagements with these same stakeholders through 
various other channels.

Singtel’s approach to stakeholder engagement and 
materiality assessment can be found at page 5 of the 
Sustainability Report.

OTHER MATTERS
Securities Transactions
Singtel has in place a Securities Transactions Policy, which 
provides that Directors and Top Management members 
and persons who are in attendance at Board and Top 
Management meetings (Key Officers) should not deal 
in Singtel securities during the period commencing two 
weeks before the announcement of Singtel’s financial 
statements for each of the first three quarters of the 
financial year, and during the period commencing 
one month before the announcement of the financial 
statements for the full financial year and ending on the 
date of the announcement of the relevant results. In 
addition, employees who are involved in the preparation 
of the Group’s financial statements should not deal in 
Singtel securities during the period commencing six 
weeks before the announcement of financial results each 
quarter. The policy also provides that any of the above 
persons who is privy to any material unpublished price-
sensitive information relating to the Singtel Group should 
not trade in Singtel securities until the information is 
appropriately disseminated to the market, regardless of 
whether or not it is during the abovementioned “closed” 
periods for trading in Singtel securities. The Company 
Secretary sends quarterly reminders of the requirements 
under the policy and the relevant laws and regulations to 
the Directors and Management.

A Director is required to notify Singtel of his interest in 
Singtel securities within two business days after (a) the 
date on which he becomes a Director or (b) the date  
on which he acquires an interest in Singtel securities.  
A Director is also required to notify Singtel of any change 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

74

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

in his interests in Singtel securities within two business 
days after he becomes aware of such change. Singtel  
will file such disclosure with SGX within one business  
day of receiving notification from the Director.

The Securities Transactions Policy also discourages 
trading on short-term considerations and reminds 
Directors and officers of their obligations under insider
trading laws. Directors and officers of the Group wishing 
to deal in Singtel securities during a closed period must 
secure prior written approval of the Chairman (in the 
case of Directors of Singtel), the Lead Independent 
Director (in the case of the Chairman) or the Group CEO 
(in the case of directors of Singtel subsidiaries and Key 
Officers). Requests for written approval must contain a 
full explanation of the exceptional circumstances and 
proposed dealing. If approval is granted, trading must 
be undertaken in accordance with the limits set out in the 
written approval. Directors are to inform the Company 
Secretary before trading in Singtel securities. The Board is 
kept informed when a Director trades in Singtel securities. 
A summary of Singtel’s Securities Transactions Policy is 
available in the Corporate Governance section of the 
Singtel corporate website.

Pursuant to the SGX Listing Manual, the Singtel Group 
has put in place a policy relating to the maintenance 
of a list(s) of persons who are privy to price sensitive 
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:98)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
who are to be included in the privy persons list will 
be reminded not to trade in Singtel securities while in 
possession of unpublished price-sensitive information.

In relation to the shares of other companies, Directors 
are prohibited from trading in shares of Singtel’s listed 
associates when in possession of material price-sensitive 
information relating to such associates. Directors 
are also to refrain from having any direct or indirect 
financial interest in Singtel’s competitors that might or 
might appear to create a conflict of interest or affect the 
decisions Directors make on behalf of Singtel.

Continuous Disclosure
There are formal policies and procedures to ensure that 
Singtel complies with its disclosure obligations under the 
listing rules of the SGX. A Market Disclosure Committee 
is responsible for Singtel’s Market Disclosure Policy. The 
policy contains guidelines and procedures for internal 
reporting and decision-making with regard to the 
disclosure of material information.

No Material Contracts
Since the end of the previous financial year ended  
31 March 2018, no material contracts involving the 
interest of the Group CEO, any Director, or the controlling 
shareholder, Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited, has 
been entered into by Singtel or any of its subsidiaries, 
and no such contract subsisted as at 31 March 2019, save 
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:35)(cid:118)(cid:62)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:850)

Interested Person Transactions
As required by the SGX Listing Rules, details of 
interested person transactions (IPT) entered into by 
the Group are disclosed in this Annual Report on page 
250. Singtel Internal Audit regularly reviews the IPT 
entered into by the Singtel Group to verify the accuracy 
and completeness of the IPT disclosure and ensure 
compliance with the SGX reporting requirements under 
Chapter 9 of the SGX Listing Manual. The report is 
(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:98)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
SGX listing rules, where any IPT requires shareholders’ 
approval, the interested person will abstain from 
voting and the decision will be made by disinterested 
shareholders.

The Board has adopted a policy that there should be no 
loans to Directors, except for loans to fund expenditure 
to defend Directors in legal or regulatory proceedings, as 
permitted under the Companies Act. As at 31 March 2019, 
there were no loans granted to Directors.

Codes of Conduct and Practice
The Board has adopted a Code of Conduct and Ethics 
as a means to guide the Directors on the areas of ethical 
risk, and help nurture an environment where integrity 
and accountability are key. The Code of Conduct 
and Ethics sets out the Board’s principles on dealing 
with conflicts of interest, maintaining confidentiality, 
compliance with laws and regulations and fair dealing. 
The Board also has a Directors’ Manual, which sets out 
specific Board governance policies and practices and 
the Directors’ duties and responsibilities. In addition, 
Singtel has a code of internal corporate governance 
practices, policy statements and standards (Singtel 
Code), and makes this code available to Board members 
as well as employees of the Group. The principles, 
policies, standards and practices in the Code of Conduct 
and Ethics, the Directors’ Manual and the Singtel Code 
are intended to enhance investor confidence and 
rapport, and to ensure that decision-making is properly 
carried out in the best interests of the Group. The Code 

75

of Conduct and Ethics, the Directors’ Manual and the 
Singtel Code are maintained by the Company Secretary 
and are provided to Directors when they are appointed 
to the Board.

Singtel also has a strict code of conduct that applies 
to all employees. The code sets out principles to guide 
employees in carrying out their duties and responsibilities 
to the highest standards of personal and corporate 
integrity when dealing with Singtel, its competitors, 
customers, suppliers and the community. The code  
covers areas such as equal opportunity employment 
practices, workplace health and safety, conduct in the 
workplace, business conduct, protection of Singtel’s 
assets, proprietary information and intellectual property, 
data protection, confidentiality, conflict of interest, and 
non-solicitation of customers and employees. Singtel 
adopts a zero tolerance approach to bribery and 
corruption in any form and this is set out in the code as 
well as the Singtel Anti-Bribery and Corruption Policy 
(ABC Policy). The code and the ABC Policy are posted on 
Singtel’s internal website and a summarised version of 
the code, as well as the ABC Policy, are accessible from 
the Singtel corporate website. Policies and standards 
are clearly stipulated to guide employees in carrying out 
their daily tasks.

Singtel has established an escalation process so that  
the Board of Directors, Senior Management, and internal 
and external auditors are kept informed of corporate 
crises in a timely manner, according to their severity.  
Such crises may include violations of the code of conduct 
and/or applicable laws and regulations, as well as loss 
events that have or are expected to have a significant 
impact, financial or otherwise, on the Group’s business 
and operations.

Whistle-Blower Policy
Singtel undertakes to investigate all complaints of 
suspected fraud and corruption in an objective manner, 
and has a whistle-blower policy and procedures that 
provide employees and external parties with well- 
defined and accessible channels within the Group. 
These include a direct channel to Singtel IA and whistle- 
blower hotline services independently managed by 
external service providers, for reporting suspected 
fraud, corruption, unethical practices or other similar 
matters which may cause financial loss to the Group or 
damage the Group’s reputation. The policy is aimed at 
encouraging the reporting of such matters in good faith, 
with the confidence that employees and other persons 

making such reports will be treated fairly and, to the 
extent possible, protected from reprisal.

On an ongoing basis, the whistle-blower policy is covered 
during staff training and periodic communication to all 
staff as part of the Group’s efforts to promote strong 
ethical values and fraud and control awareness. All 
whistle-blower complaints are investigated independently 
by Singtel IA or an independent investigation committee 
as appropriate, and the outcome of each investigation is 
reported to the AC.

REMUNERATION
The broad principles that guide the ERCC in its 
administration of fees, benefits, remuneration and 
incentives for the Board of Directors and Senior 
Management are set out below.

Remuneration of Non-Executive Directors
Singtel’s Group CEO is an Executive Director and is, 
therefore, remunerated as part of Senior Management. 
She does not receive Directors’ fees.

The ERCC recommends the non-executive Directors’ 
fees for the Board’s endorsement and approval by 
shareholders. As Singtel has diverse and complex 
operations and investments internationally and is not just 
a Singapore-based company, the fees are benchmarked 
against fees paid by other comparable companies 
in Singapore and Australia, as well as comparable 
companies in other countries.

Singtel seeks shareholders’ approval at the AGM for 
Directors’ fees for the financial year ending 31 March 
2020 so that Directors’ fees can be paid on a half-yearly 
basis in arrears. No Director decides his own fees. 

Save as mentioned below, there are no retirement benefit 
schemes or share-based compensation schemes in place 
for non-executive Directors.

To align Directors with shareholders’ interests, Directors 
are encouraged to acquire Singtel shares each year 
from the open market until they hold the equivalent of 
one year’s fees in shares, and to continue to hold the 
equivalent of one year’s fees in shares while they remain 
on the Board.

Financial Year Ended 31 March 2019
For the financial year ended 31 March 2019, the
Chairman received an all-inclusive fee of S$960,000

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

76

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

(excluding car-related benefits). The fee was paid
approximately two-thirds in cash and approximately
(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:891)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)
committee fees, attendance fees or travel allowance
were paid to the Chairman.

The fees for non-executive Directors (other than the 
Chairman) comprised a basic retainer fee, additional fees 
for appointment to Board Committees, attendance fees 
for ad hoc Board meetings and a travel allowance for 
Directors who were required to travel out of their country 
or city of residence to attend Board meetings and Board 
Committee meetings that did not coincide with Board 
meetings. The framework for determining non-executive 
Directors’ fees for the financial year ended 31 March 2019 
was the same as the framework for the previous financial 
year and is set out below:

Basic Retainer Fee
Board Chairman
Director

S$960,000 per annum
S$110,000 per annum

S$60,000 per annum
S$35,000 per annum

S$45,000 per annum
S$25,000 per annum

S$35,000 per annum
S$25,000 per annum

Fee for appointment to Audit 
Committee and Finance and 
Investment Committee
Committee chairman
Committee member

Fee for appointment to Executive 
Resource and Compensation 
Committee
Committee chairman
Committee member

Fee for appointment to any other 
Board Committee
Committee chairman
Committee member

Attendance Fee per Ad Hoc
Board meeting 

Travel allowance for Board 
meetings and Board Committee 
meetings that do not coincide 
with Board meetings (per day
of travel required to attend 
meeting) 

77

The aggregate Directors’ fees paid to non-executive 
Directors for the financial year ended 31 March 2019 was 
S$2,432,053 (details are set out in the table below).

Name of Director 

Simon Israel (1) 
Gautam Banerjee  
Dominic Barton (2)
Bobby Chin
Venky Ganesan (3) 
Bradley Horowitz (4)
Gail Kelly (5)
Low Check Kian (6) 
Peter Mason AM (7) 
Christina Ong
Teo Swee Lian 
Peter Ong (8)
Total 

Director’s Fees
(S$)

960,000
170,000
    2,070
195,000
193,000
   62,588
  47,927
192,000
191,000
170,000
195,000
  53,468
2,432,053

Notes:
(1) 

In addition to the Director’s fees set out above, Mr Simon Israel also 
received car-related benefits (S$24,557).

(2)  Mr Dominic Barton was appointed as a Director on 25 March 2019.
(3) 

In addition to the Director’s fees set out above, Mr Venky Ganesan received 
(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:98)(cid:87)(cid:917)(cid:775)(cid:773)(cid:845)(cid:768)(cid:768)(cid:768)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:731)(cid:729)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:728)(cid:729)(cid:737)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)
capacity as the Chairman of the Technology Advisory Panel.

(4)  Mr Bradley Horowitz was appointed as a Director and a member of the 
Finance and Investment Committee and the Technology Advisory Panel  
on 26 December 2018. In addition to the Director’s fees set out above,  
(cid:61)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:39)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:399)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:98)(cid:87)(cid:917)(cid:773)(cid:768)(cid:845)(cid:768)(cid:768)(cid:768)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:912)
ended 31 March 2019 in his capacity as a member of the Technology 
Advisory Panel.

(5)  Mrs Gail Kelly was appointed as a Director and a member of the Executive 
Resource and Compensation Committee on 26 December 2018. In addition 
to the Director’s fees set out above, Mrs Gail Kelly received fees of S$25,000 
for the financial year ended 31 March 2019 in her capacity as a member of 
the Optus Advisory Committee.
In addition to the Director’s fees set out above, Mr Low Check Kian received 
fees of S$35,000 for the financial year ended 31 March 2019 in his capacity 
as a director of Singtel Innov8 Pte. Ltd.
In addition to the Director’s fees set out above, Mr Peter Mason AM 
received fees of S$35,000 for the financial year ended 31 March 2019 in his 
capacity as a member of the Optus Advisory Committee.

(7) 

(6) 

(8)  Mr Peter Ong stepped down as a Director and member of the Audit 

Committee and the Risk Committee following the conclusion of the AGM on 
24 July 2018.

S$2,000

There is no employee of the Group who is an immediate 
family member of a Director or the GCEO, and whose 
remuneration exceeded S$100,000 during the financial 
(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:731)(cid:729)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:728)(cid:729)(cid:737)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912) 
a substantial shareholder of the Company.

(cid:34)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:119)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:731)(cid:729)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:728)(cid:730)(cid:728)
For the financial year ending 31 March 2020, it is 
proposed that aggregate fees of up to S$2,950,000 be

S$3,000

 
paid to the Directors, which is the same as the amount 
approved by shareholders for the financial year ended  
31 March 2019. The proposed framework for Directors’ 
fees for the financial year ending 31 March 2020 is the 
same as that for the financial year ended 31 March 2019.

Remuneration of Executive Director  
and Senior Management

The remuneration framework and policy is designed 
to support the implementation of the Group’s strategy 
and to enhance shareholder value. The following 
are our guiding principles for remuneration of Senior 
Management:

ALIGNMENT WITH SHAREHOLDERS’ INTERESTS
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)

shareholders

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:87)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
and long-term incentive plans to support business 
strategies and ongoing enhancement of shareholder 
value

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:891)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:388)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:891)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:912)

sustained performance targets are not met

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:25)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)

affordability

FAIR AND APPROPRIATE
(cid:843)(cid:912)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)

highly experienced and talented individuals
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)

performance, both on an annual and long-term basis
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:87)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
remuneration to be at risk with symmetric upside and 
downside

PAY-FOR-PERFORMANCE
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:61)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
scorecard approach, comprising both financial and 
non-financial metrics

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:25)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)
target, stretch and exceptional performance levels

EFFECTIVE IMPLEMENTATION
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:25)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
is clear and the framework is simple for employees to 
understand

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:61)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)

The ERCC recognises that the Group operates in a 
multinational and multifaceted environment and 
reviews remuneration through a process that considers 
Group, business unit and individual performance 
as well as relevant comparative remuneration in 
the market. The performance evaluation for Senior 
Management has been conducted in accordance with 
the above considerations. 

During the year, the ERCC engaged Aon Hewitt 
Singapore Pte Ltd (Aon Hewitt) to provide valuation 
and vesting computation for grants awarded under 
the Singtel Performance Share Plan 2012. The ERCC 
also engaged Willis Towers Watson (Singapore) to 
conduct Executive Remuneration Benchmarking for 
Senior Management. Aon Hewitt, Willis Towers Watson 
and their consultants are independent and not related 
to the Group or any of its Directors.

Singtel may, under special circumstances, compensate 
Senior Management for their past contributions when 
their services are no longer needed, in line with market 
practice; for example, due to redundancies arising 
from reorganisation or restructuring of the Group.

If an executive is involved in misconduct or fraud, 
resulting in financial loss to the company, the ERCC 
has the discretion not to award and to forfeit incentive 
components of the executive’s remuneration, to the 
extent that such award or incentive has not been 
released or disbursed.

Remuneration Structure
The remuneration structure is designed such that the 
percentage of the performance-related components 
of Senior Management’s remuneration increases as 
they move up the organisation.

On an annual basis, the ERCC proposes the 
compensation of the Group CEO, CEOs, Group Chief 
Corporate Officer and Group CFO for the Board’s 
approval and approves compensation for the other 
Senior Management.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

78

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

The key remuneration components for  
Senior Management are summarised below:

TOTAL REMUNERATION

=

FIXED COMPONENTS

 BASE SALARY

BENEFITS & PROVIDENT/
SUPERANNUATION

+
PERFORMANCE-RELATED COMPONENTS

VARIABLE BONUS

LONG-TERM 
INCENTIVES

Fixed Components

BASE SALARY
The base salary reflects the market worth of the job but 
may vary with responsibilities, qualifications and the 
experience that the individual brings to the role.

Policy
This is approved by the Board based on ERCC’s 
recommendation and reviewed annually against:
(i) 

peers of similar financial size and complexity to 
the Group;

(ii)  pay and conditions across the Group; and
(iii) 

the executive’s contribution and experience.

In Australia, consistent with local market practice, 
executives may opt for a portion of their salaries to be 
received in benefits-in-kind, such as superannuation 
contributions and motor vehicles, while maintaining the 
same overall cost to the company.

Performance Linkage
The base salary is linked to each executive’s sustained 
long-term performance.

79

BENEFITS & PROVIDENT/SUPERANNUATION FUND 
Benefits and Provident/Superannuation Fund 
provided are in line with local market practices and 
legislative requirements.

Policy 
Singtel contributes towards the Singapore Central 
Provident Fund or the Optus Superannuation Fund 
or any other chosen fund, as applicable. Singtel 
also provides in-company medical scheme, club 
membership, employee discounts and other benefits 
that may incur Australian Fringe Benefits Tax, where 
applicable. 

Participation in benefits is dependent on  
the country in which the executive is located. For 
expatriates located away from home, additional 
benefits such as accommodation, children’s education 
and tax equalisation may be provided.

Performance Linkage
Benefits and Provident/Superannuation Fund are  
not directly linked to performance.

Performance-Related Components

VARIABLE BONUS 
Variable Bonus comprises the Performance Bonus  
and the Value Sharing Bonus. It provides a variable  
level of remuneration dependent on short-term 
performance against the annual plan, as well as 
relevant market remuneration benchmarks.

Policy 
Performance Bonus 
Performance Bonus (PB) is designed to support 
the Group’s business strategy and the ongoing 
enhancement of shareholder value through the delivery 
of annual Financial, Strategy, Operational and People 
objectives. On an individual level, the PB will vary 
according to the actual achievement against Group, 
business unit and individual performance objectives.

Value Sharing Bonus 
A portion of Senior Management’s annual remuneration 
is tied to the Economic Profit (EP) performance of the 
Group in the form of the Value Sharing Bonus (VSB).  
VSB is used to defer their bonuses over a time horizon  
to ensure alignment with sustainable value creation for 
the shareholders over the longer term.

Performance Linkage
Performance Bonus
The objectives are aligned to the Annual Operating 
Plan and are different for each executive. They are 
assessed on the same principles across four broad 
categories of targets: Financial, Strategy, Operational 
and People. Weightings are assigned to the targets 
to encourage a balanced performance and to avoid 
over-emphasis on any one measure. People targets 
comprise leadership competencies, core values, 
people development and staff engagement. In 
addition, the executives are assessed on teamwork 
and collaboration across the Group.

Value Sharing Bonus
A “VSB bank” is created for each executive to hold the 
VSB allocated to him or her in any year. One-third of the 
“bank” balance would be paid out in cash provided it is 
positive. The remaining balance will be carried forward 
and at risk as it is subject to performance-related 
clawback and could be reduced in the event of EP 
underperformance in the future years.

LONG-TERM INCENTIVES
Long-term incentives reinforce the delivery of long-term 
growth and shareholder value to drive an ownership 
culture and retain key talent. These are equity awards 
provisionally granted to Senior Management based on 
performance for the year ended 31 March 2019.

The long-term incentives consist of two types of 
awards – the Restricted Share Award (RSA) and the 
Performance Share Award (PSA) – with grants made 
at the discretion of the ERCC. The RSA is granted to a 
broader group of executives while the PSA is granted to 
Senior and Top Management.

Policy
The number of shares awarded under RSA and PSA is 
determined using the valuation of the shares based on 
a Monte-Carlo simulation. The RSA share awards have 
a service condition, while the PSA share awards are 
conditional upon the achievement of predetermined 
performance targets over the performance period. The 
PSA performance conditions were chosen as they are 
key drivers of shareholder value creation and aligned 
to the Group’s business objectives. These performance 
conditions and targets are approved by the ERCC at the 
beginning of the performance period.

A significant portion of the remuneration package 
for our Senior Management is delivered in Singtel 
shares to ensure that their interests are aligned with 
shareholders. In particular, the long-term incentives 
mix is more heavily weighted toward PSA for more 
senior executives to increase focus on shareholder 
returns. This is further supported by significant 
shareholding requirements in which they are required 
to build up and retain at least the equivalent of two 
times their annual base salary in shares. Group CEO 
is expected to hold at least the equivalent of three 
times her annual base salary as shareholding.

Special provisions for vesting and lapsing of awards 
apply for events such as the termination of employment, 
misconduct, retirement and any other events approved 
(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:83)(cid:16)(cid:16)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:98)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
the ERCC will consider, at its discretion, whether or 
not to release any award, and will take into account 
circumstances on a case-by-case basis, including (but 
not limited to) the contributions made by the employee. 
Singtel employees are prohibited from entering into 
transactions in associated products which limit the 
economic risk of participating in unvested awards  
under Singtel’s equity-based remuneration schemes.

Performance Linkage
Restricted Share Award (RSA)
The RSA has a two-year performance period from  
1 April 2019 to 31 March 2021. 50% of the 2019 RSA 
will vest two years from grant date and 50% will vest 
three years from grant date, subject to the following 
conditions:

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:394)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:855)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)

financial year preceding each tranche of vesting.

Performance Share Award (PSA)
The PSA has a three-year performance period from 
1 April 2019 to 31 March 2022. Vesting of shares is 
dependent on the following performance conditions, 
subject to the approval of the ERCC:

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:732)(cid:728)(cid:961)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:80)(cid:1)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:890)(cid:912)

(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:80)(cid:1)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
targets; and 

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:734)(cid:728)(cid:961)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:286)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)

Shareholder Return (Absolute TSR) – Absolute TSR 
achieved against predetermined targets.

The vesting schedule for PSA granted in June 2019 is 
shown in Figure A.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

80

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

Figure A: Performance Share Award (PSA) Vesting Schedule

Reported Group NPAT (40%) 

Absolute TSR (60%)

Performance

Vesting Level (1)

Performance

Vesting Level (1)

Exceptional
Target
Threshold
Below Threshold

150%
100%
50%
0%

Stretch
Target
Threshold
Below Threshold

150%
100%
50%
0%

Note:
(1)   For achievement between these performance levels, the percentage of shares that will vest under this tranche would vary accordingly.

Remuneration of Key Management
For the financial year ended 31 March 2019, there were no termination, retirement and post-employment benefits 
granted to Directors and Key Management.

Remuneration of Executive Director
Summary compensation table for Group CEO (Chua Sock Koong) for the financial year ended 31 March 2019:

Name

Fixed 
Remuneration

(S$) (1)

Variable 
Bonus

(S$) (2)

Provident 
Fund
(S$) (3)

Benefits

(S$) (4)

Total Cash 
& Benefits

(S$) (5)

Chua Sock Koong

Earned
Paid out

1,647,096

1,803,014
3,215,059

9,180

78,011

3,537,301
4,949,346

Performance shares granted, vested and lapsed for Ms Chua as at 31 March 2019 are as follows:

2016 Awards 

2017 Awards (7) 

2018 Awards (8)

2019 Awards (9)

2016 Awards
2017 Awards (8)
2018 Awards (8)
2019 Awards (9)

Granted 
(no. of shares)

Vested
(no. of shares)

Lapsed
(no. of shares)

Released

Date

(no. of shares)

Restricted Share Award (RSA) (6)

201,331

273,408

382,987

444,648

–

–

396,550

202,475

136,704
136,704
222,324
222,324

1-Jun-18
3-Jun-19
3-Jun-19
1-Jun-20
1-Jun-20
1-Jun-21
1-Jun-21
1-Jun-22

Granted
(no. of shares)

Vested
(no. of shares)

Lapsed
(no. of shares)

Released

Date

(no. of shares)

Performance Share Award (PSA) (6)

1,694,657 
831,718
633,618 
860,127

–

1,694,657

–

3-Jun-19
1-Jun-20
1-Jun-21
1-Jun-22

Notes:
(1)  Fixed Remuneration refers to base salary earned for the financial year ended 31 March 2019.
(2)  Variable Bonus comprises Performance Bonus (PB) and Value Sharing Bonus (VSB). PB varies according to the actual achievement against Group, business unit 

and individual performance objectives for the year. VSB is awarded for individual performance and Group Economic Profit (EP) performance for the year.

The allocated VSB will be credited into the VSB ‘bank’ and one-third of the ‘bank’ balance is paid out in cash each year provided it is positive. The remaining 
balance is carried forward to the next year and at risk as it is subject to a clawback feature. For more details, please refer to pages 79 to 80. Variable Bonus 
Earned is the sum of PB and VSB awarded for the financial year ended 31 March 2019. Variable Bonus Paid Out is the sum of PB and VSB paid out in June 2019. 

81

 
(3)  Provident Fund in Singapore represents payments in respect of company statutory contributions to the Singapore Central Provident Fund.
(4)  Benefits are stated on the basis of direct costs to the company and include car benefits, flexible benefits and other non-cash benefits such as medical cover 

and club membership.

(5)  Total Cash & Benefits Earned is the sum of Fixed Remuneration, Provident Fund, Benefits and Variable Bonus awarded for the financial year ended  

31 March 2019. Total Cash & Benefits Paid Out is the sum of Fixed Remuneration, Provident Fund, Benefits and Variable Bonus paid out for the financial year 
ended 31  March 2019.

(6)  Long-term Incentives are awarded in the form of Restricted Share Award (RSA) and Performance Share Award (PSA) under the Singtel Performance Share Plan 2012.
(7)  The second tranche of the vested 2017 RSA will be released in June 2020, subject to continued service of the employee.
(8)  The vesting of the RSA and PSA are conditional upon the achievement of predetermined performance targets or vesting conditions over the respective 

performance period, which are a two-year period for RSA and a three-year period for PSA.

(9)  The 2019 grants of RSA and PSA were made in June 2019 for performance for the financial year ended 31 March 2019. The per unit fair values of the RSA and 

PSA are S$2.644 and S$1.556 respectively. 

Remuneration of Other Key Management
Summary compensation table for the other top five Key Management for the financial year ended 31 March 2019:

Name

Fixed 
Remuneration

(S$) (1)

Variable 
Bonus

(S$) (2)

Provident 
Fund
(S$) (3)

Benefits

(S$) (4)

Total Cash 
& Benefits

(S$) (5)

Restricted 
Share Award 

(RSA) (6)

Performance
Share Award

(PSA) (6)

(no. of shares)

(no. of shares)

The following are in alphabetical order:

Bill Chang 
CEO Group 
Enterprise

Hui Weng 
Cheong (7) 
COO, AIS 

Allen Lew (8)
CEO Consumer
Australia

Earned

Paid Out

Earned

Paid Out

Earned

Paid Out

Jeann Low
Group Chief
Corporate Officer

Earned

Paid Out

Yuen	Kuan	Moon
CEO Consumer
Singapore

Total

Earned

Paid Out

Earned

Paid Out

909,996

663,000

 A$1,562,369

909,996

909,996

4,937,248

871,748

1,530,734

669,950

895,445

A$1,447,543

A$2,648,656

471,748

1,126,000

931,998

1,241,484

4,376,210

7,411,620

17,340

65,475

9,180

455,238

9,180 A$637,591

13,260

64,088

17,340

64,695

66,300

1,279,697

1,864,559

2,523,545

1,797,368

2,022,863

A$3,656,790

A$4,857,903

1,459,092

2,113,344

1,924,029

2,233,515

10,659,455

13,694,865

106,341

451,745

80,674

159,930

135,023

573,587

106,341

451,745

121,533

516,279

549,912

2,153,286

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

82

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

Performance shares granted, vested and lapsed for the above five executives as at 31 March 2019 are as follows:

2016 Awards

2017 Awards (9)

2018 Awards (10)

2016 Awards

2017 Awards (10)

2018 Awards (10)

Granted 
(no. of shares)

Vested
(no. of shares)

Lapsed
(no. of shares)

Released

Date

(no. of shares)

Restricted Share Award (RSA)

425,487 

577,815 

882,644

1,024,753

994,149

–

–

–

1-Jun-18
3-Jun-19
3-Jun-19
1-Jun-20
1-Jun-20
1-Jun-21

288,908
288,907
512,379
512,374

Granted 
(no. of shares)

Vested
(no. of shares)

Lapsed
(no. of shares)

Released

Date

(no. of shares)

Performance Share Award (PSA)

3,032,763

1,700,195

1,509,669

–

3,032,763

3-Jun-19

1-Jun-20

1-Jun-21

–

Notes:
(1)  Fixed Remuneration refers to base salary earned for the financial year ended 31 March 2019.
(2)  Variable Bonus comprises Performance Bonus (PB) and Value Sharing Bonus (VSB). PB varies according to the actual achievement against Group, business 

unit and individual performance objectives for the year. VSB is awarded for individual performance and Group Economic Profit (EP) performance for the year. 
The allocated VSB will be credited into the VSB ‘bank’ and one-third of the ‘bank’ balance is paid out in cash each year provided it is positive. The remaining 
balance is carried forward to the next year and at risk as it is subject to a clawback feature. For more details, please refer to pages 79 to 80. Variable Bonus 
Earned is the sum of PB and VSB awarded for the financial year ended 31 March 2019. Variable Bonus Paid Out is the sum of PB and VSB paid out in June 2019. 

(3)  Provident Fund in Singapore represents payments in respect of company contributions to the Singapore Central Provident Fund.
(4)  Benefits are stated on the basis of direct costs to the company and include overseas assignment benefits, tax equalisation, car benefits, flexible benefits and 

other non-cash benefits such as medical cover and club membership, where applicable.

(5)  Total Cash & Benefits Earned is the sum of Fixed Remuneration, Provident Fund, Benefits and Variable Bonus awarded for the financial year ended 31 March 2019. 
Total Cash & Benefits Paid Out is the sum of Fixed Remuneration, Provident Fund, Benefits and Variable Bonus paid out for the financial year ended 31 March 2019.
(6)  Long-term Incentives are awarded in the form of performance shares. Grants of the Restricted Share Award (RSA) and Performance Share Award (PSA) under 
the Singtel Performance Share Plan 2012 were made in June 2019 for performance for the financial year ended 31 March 2019. The per unit fair values of the 
RSA and PSA are S$2.644 and S$1.556 respectively. 

(7)  Benefits for Mr Hui Weng Cheong include tax equalisation in relation to his assignment to AIS, Thailand.
(8)  All remuneration items for Mr Allen Lew are denominated in Australian Dollar, except for his Provident Fund, which is denominated in Singapore Dollar.
(9)  The second tranche of the vested 2017 RSA will be released in June 2020, subject to continued service of the employee.
(10)  The vesting of the RSA and PSA are conditional upon the achievement of predetermined performance targets or vesting conditions over the respective 

performance period, which are a two-year period for RSA and a three-year period for PSA.

83

Summary of Disclosures – Corporate Governance

Rule 710 of the SGX Listing Manual requires Singapore 
listed companies to describe their corporate governance 
practices with specific reference to the 2018 Code in their 
annual reports for financial years commencing on or 
after 1 January 2019. As we have elected to adopt Rule 
710 of the SGX Listing Manual in advance, this summary 
of disclosures describes our corporate governance 
practices with specific reference to the express disclosure 
requirements in the principles and provisions of the 2018 
(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
Corporate Governance 2012.

Key information on each Director in this Annual Report:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:80)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:729)(cid:733)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:728)(cid:912)(cid:890)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:904)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)

appointment dates, length of directorship, academic 
and professional qualifications and present and past 
directorships details

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:80)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:733)(cid:736)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:735)(cid:728)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:904)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:80)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:735)(cid:734)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:736)(cid:730)(cid:912)(cid:890)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:904)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:80)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:733)(cid:729)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:734)(cid:728)(cid:912)(cid:890)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)
seeking re-election at the Annual General Meeting to 
be held on 23 July 2019

Principles and provisions of the 2018 Code –  
Express disclosure requirements

Page reference in 
Singtel Annual Report 2019

Provision 1.2
The induction, training and development provided to new and existing Directors.

Provision 1.3
Matters that require Board approval.

Page 60

Page 59

Provision 1.4
(cid:62)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)
Committees, any delegation of the Board’s authority to make decisions, and a summary  
of each Board Committee’s activities. 

Pages 65 to 69

Provision 1.5
The number of meetings of the Board and Board Committees held in the year, as well as 
the attendance of every Board member at these meetings.

Pages 58 and 70

Provision 2.4
The board diversity and progress made towards implementing the board diversity 
policy, including objectives.

Page 61

Provision 4.3 
Process for the selection, appointment and re-appointment of Directors to the Board, 
including the criteria used to identify and evaluate potential new directors and channels 
used in searching for appropriate candidate.

Pages 63 to 64

Provision 4.4
Where the Board considers a Director to be independent in spite of the existence of 
a relationship which may affect his or her independence, the nature of the Director’s 
relationship and the reasons for considering him or her as independent should be disclosed.

Pages 61 to 62

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

84

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Corporate Governance

Principles and provisions of the 2018 Code –  
Express disclosure requirements

Provision 4.5
The listed company directorships and principal commitments of each director, and 
where a director holds a significant number of such directorships and commitments, 
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:16)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
discharge his or her duties are disclosed.

Page reference in 
Singtel Annual Report 2019

Pages 15 to 20 and  
Page 64

Provision 5.2
How the assessments of the Board, its Board committees and each Director have been 
conducted, including the identity of any facilitator and its connection, if any, with the 
Company or any of its Directors.

Provision 6.4
The Company discloses the engagement of any remuneration consultants and their 
independence.

Page 64

Page 78

Principle 8 
Clear disclosure of remuneration policies, level and mix of remuneration, and procedure 
for setting remuneration, and the relationship between remuneration, performance and 
value creation.

Pages 78 to 80

Provision 8.1
The Company discloses the policy and criteria for setting remuneration, as well as 
names, amounts and breakdown of remuneration of (a) each individual director and 
the CEO; and (b) at least the top five key management personnel (who are not Directors 
or the CEO) in bands no wider than S$250,000 and in aggregate the total remuneration  
paid to these key management personnel.

Provision 8.2
(cid:62)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
company, or are immediate family members of a Director, the CEO or a substantial 
shareholder of the company, and whose remuneration exceeds S$100,000 during the 
year, in bands no wider than S$100,000. The disclosure states clearly the employee’s 
relationship with the relevant director or the CEO or substantial shareholder.

Provision 8.3
The Company discloses all forms of remuneration and other payments and benefits,  
paid by the company and its subsidiaries to directors and key management personnel  
of the company, and also discloses details of employee share schemes.

For the CEO and 
management:
Pages 78 to 83

For non-executive Directors:
Pages 76 to 77

Page 77

For non-executive Directors:
Page 77

For key management 
personnel:
Pages 81 to 83

For employee share 
schemes:
Pages 80 to 83

85

Principles and provisions of the 2018 Code –  
Express disclosure requirements

Provision 9.2
Whether the Board has received assurance from (a) the CEO and the CFO that the 
financial records have been properly maintained and the financial statements give 
true and fair view of the Company’s operations and finances; and (b) the CEO and the 
other key management personnel who are responsible, regarding the adequacy and 
effectiveness of the Company’s risk management and internal control systems.

Page reference in 
Singtel Annual Report 2019

Page 72

Provision 11.3
Directors’ attendance at general meetings of shareholders held during the financial 
year.

Page 58

Provision 12.1
The steps taken to solicit and understand the views of shareholders.

Provision 13.2
The strategy and key areas of focus in relation to the management of stakeholder 
relationships during the reporting period.

Pages 73 to 74 and 
Pages 87 to 88

Page 74 and 
Pages 100 to 106

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

86

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Investor Relations

Strive for clear, open and 
accurate disclosures to help 
investors make informed and 
timely decisions about their 
Singtel securities

Promote regular two-way 
investor communication 
through different touchpoints 
and forums

Maintain leadership and 
set the bar for corporate 
governance and sustainability 
standards

PROACTIVE AND OPEN 
COMMUNICATION WITH THE 
INVESTMENT COMMUNITY
During the financial year ended 
31 March 2019, the management 
and Investor Relations (IR) team 
engaged more than 500 investors in 
over 200 meetings and conference 
calls to discuss the Group’s business 
strategy and operational and 
financial performance. We also 
participated in local and overseas 
investor conferences and roadshows 
in Europe, Canada, Hong Kong, 
Malaysia, Taiwan and the US. 

We held briefings and meetings for 
major corporate announcements 
such as our subscription of Airtel’s 
rights issue. We discussed our long-
term investment strategy, the impact 
to our gearing and reiterated our 
commitment to shareholder returns.  

investors a first-hand experience 
of cutting-edge technologies like 
IoT, data analytics and advanced 
networks, we organised regular tours 
of our business facilities, including 
our FutureNow Innovation Centre and 
the revamped Singtel flagship store. 

Our annual Singtel Investor Day 
in June 2018 attracted over 70 
participants. Investors and analysts 
interacted directly with the senior 
management of Singtel, Optus and 
our associates through small group 
presentations and a Q&A session.  
We also showcased our digital 
services, including a simulation of 
future 5G solutions. Singtel Innov8, 
our venture capital fund, arranged 
for investee companies to present 
insights into technologies such as 
aerial drones and robotic process 
automation.

We are focused on helping investors 
understand how the Group is 
creating sustainable competitive 
advantages through investments 
in digital businesses, network and 
content, as well as building digital 
ecosystems in payments, gaming and 
esports. In addition, we share with 
investors how the use of technology 
is lifting efficiency, supporting new 
automation in work processes and 
improving our cost base. To give 

Retail investors are an important  
part of our outreach efforts. We 
have been a long-term sponsor of 
the Securities Investors Association 
(Singapore) (SIAS) Investor Education 
Programme and leverage the 
annual Singtel-SIAS dialogue to 
communicate our strategy and 
performance with retail shareholders. 
Retail investors are welcome to 
contact us directly through email or 
telephone.

MAINTAIN LEAD IN CORPORATE 
GOVERNANCE, TRANSPARENCY 
AND INVESTOR RELATIONS
We continue to nurture and maintain 
strong links with sell-side research 
analysts and are well-covered by 
more than 20 analysts, based in 
Singapore, Malaysia, Hong Kong, 
India and the UK, who issue regular 
reports. We monitor analyst, industry 
and media reports closely, as part of 
our efforts to continuously improve 
disclosures and IR practices.

Each year, we commission an 
independent study to gather investor 
perceptions of our business. The 
study, comprising in-depth interviews 
with approximately 60 institutional 
investors and research analysts, 
gives our Board and management 
a better understanding of investors’ 
views and concerns. It also helps the 
IR team identify areas of investor 
focus, enabling us to tailor our 
communications and disclosures 
accordingly. The latest study 
highlighted the challenges facing 
the telco industry but respondents 
drew assurance from Singtel’s clear 
strategy and strong management 
team.  

Good corporate governance 
also plays a vital role in shaping 
investor perception of the integrity, 

87

transparency, accountability and 
efficiency of a company. We keep 
abreast of the latest developments 
and benchmark ourselves against 
best practices in key areas such 
as disclosure, board structure, 
shareholder rights and remuneration. 

We proactively engage investors 
to understand their views on 
sustainability and how it influences 
their investment decisions. We are 
providing more disclosures on our 
sustainability initiatives and helping 
investors understand our material 
issues, policies and efforts in areas 
such as the environment and climate 
change, data protection, supply 
chain, social matters and human 
rights. We have endorsed the Task 
Force on Climate-Related Financial 
Disclosures’ voluntary framework 
and are working towards meeting its 
standards.

The Singtel IR website is the primary 
source of corporate information, 
financial data and significant 
business developments for the 
investment community. All new, 
material announcements are 
made available on the IR website 
immediately after they are released 
to the Singapore Exchange to ensure 

fair, equal and prompt dissemination 
of information. In addition, we 
constantly review the level of 
disclosure, to align it with global 
best practices and take into account 
new business initiatives. Information 
on Singtel’s credit ratings and bond 
programmes were added during the 
financial year.

During our quarterly earnings 
announcements, we provide  
extensive information, including 
detailed financial statements, 
management discussion and 
analyses and presentation slides. 
Our management responds to 
questions from investors and analysts 
over a conference call on the day 
of the results announcement and a 
transcript of the conference call is 
posted on the Singtel IR website the 
next work day.

SHAREHOLDER INFORMATION
As at 31 March 2019, Temasek 
Holdings (Private) Limited remained 
our largest shareholder, with 52% of 
issued share capital. Other Singapore 
shareholders held approximately 12%. 
In terms of geographical distribution, 
the US/Canada and Europe 
accounted for approximately 12% and 
9% of issued shares respectively.

SHARE OWNERSHIP BY GEOGRAPHY (1)

16.3b
shares (2)

Temasek Holdings(3) 
US/Canada
Singapore (ex-Temasek)
Europe
Asia (ex-Singapore)
Others

52%
12%
12%
9%
3%
11%

Notes:
(1)   These figures do not add up to 100% due 

to rounding.

(2)  As at 31 March 2019.
(3) 

Includes direct and deemed interest.

IR CALENDAR 
OF EVENTS

May 2018
•   Non-deal Equity Roadshows, 

Singapore, Europe and 
North America

June 2018
•  Singtel Investor Day, 

Singapore

•  Citi ASEAN C-Suite Investor 
Conference, Singapore

July 2018
•   26th Annual General 
Meeting, Singapore

August 2018
•   Non-deal Equity Roadshow, 

Singapore

September 2018
•   CLSA Investors’ Forum, 
  Hong Kong
•   Non-deal Equity Roadshow, 

Malaysia

November 2018
•  Non-deal Equity Roadshows, 

Singapore and the UK

February 2019
•   Non-deal Equity Roadshow, 

Singapore

March 2019
•   Investor briefing and 

meetings: Airtel Rights Issue, 
Singapore

•   UOB Kay Hian-SGX 

Corporate Day, Taiwan

•   Investor Meeting 
  with Chairman and Board 

Members, Singapore

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

88

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
Risk Management
Philosophy and Approach

We identify and manage risks to reduce the uncertainty associated with executing our 
business strategies and maximise opportunities that may arise. Risks can take various forms 
and can have material adverse impact on our reputation, operations, human resources and 
financial performance.

We have established a comprehensive risk management framework approved by our 
Risk Committee. The risk management framework sets out the governance structure for 
managing risks, our risk philosophy, risk appetite and tolerance levels, our risk management 
approach as well as risk factors.

In addition, our risk assessment and mitigation strategy is aligned with our Group strategy 
and an integral part of the annual business planning and budgeting process.

Governance Structure for Managing Risks

(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)

THE BOARD
(cid:843)(cid:912)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:80)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:21)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:61)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)

RISK COMMITTEE
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:912)

(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:68)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)

(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:912)

(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:61)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:912)

(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)

AUDIT COMMITTEE
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)

(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:68)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:68)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:61)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)

MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE
(cid:843)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)

RISK MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:87)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:368)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:87)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:912)

(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)
(cid:843)(cid:912)(cid:912) (cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:433)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)

89

Our Risk Philosophy

(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:310)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:844)

RISK CENTRIC CULTURE
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:87)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:912)

(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:354)

STRONG CORPORATE
GOVERNANCE STRUCTURE
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:80)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:80)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:388)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:912)

(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)

(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:80)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)

(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)

PROACTIVE RISK
MANAGEMENT PROCESS
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:83)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:15)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:80)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:891)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)

(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)

(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:80)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)

(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:891)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)

Risk Appetite

(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:844)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:439)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:39)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:891)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:850)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)

(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:850)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)

(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:361)(cid:850)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)

(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:850)

Risk Management

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:310)(cid:394)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:394)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)

(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:93)(cid:271)(cid:393)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)

(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:25)(cid:87)(cid:35)(cid:874)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:729)(cid:728)(cid:728)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:912)(cid:1011)(cid:912)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:728)(cid:729)(cid:737)

90

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Risk Management
Philosophy and Approach

(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:856)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:439)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)

(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:305)(cid:891)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:891)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:850)

(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:41)(cid:1)(cid:874)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:874)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:912)

91

(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:25)(cid:68)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:83)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:25)(cid:68)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:34)(cid:68)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:439)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:433)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:850)

(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:1)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:891)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:1)(cid:16)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:1)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:904)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:850)

(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:850)

Risk Factors

(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:440)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)

(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:324)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:326)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:39)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:850)

ECONOMIC RISKS 
(cid:16)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:874)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:891)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)

(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:25)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:856)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:850)(cid:912)

POLITICAL RISKS 
(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:891)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:326)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:891)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:891)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)

REGULATORY AND  
LITIGATION RISKS 
Regulatory Risks 
(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:34)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:440)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:312)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:35)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:393)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:874)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:1)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:21)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:41)(cid:61)(cid:21)(cid:1)(cid:874)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:35)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:62)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:62)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:15)(cid:62)(cid:874)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:439)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:62)(cid:15)(cid:62)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:15)(cid:62)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:393)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:891)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:15)(cid:62)(cid:912)
(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:891)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:15)(cid:62)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:891)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:891)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:891)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:34)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:433)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)

(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:912)(cid:1011)(cid:912)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:728)(cid:729)(cid:737)

92

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Risk Management
Philosophy and Approach

(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:850)(cid:912)

Access to Spectrum 
(cid:1)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:387)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:34)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

Taxation Risks 
(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:324)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:393)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:324)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:393)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:393)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:393)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:393)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)

93

(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:393)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

Litigation Risks 
(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:393)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:34)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:901)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:902)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:25)(cid:68)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

COMPETITIVE RISKS 
(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)

Group Consumer Business 
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:61)(cid:112)(cid:62)(cid:68)(cid:361)(cid:874)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:15)(cid:62)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:83)(cid:87)(cid:80)(cid:361)(cid:874)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:326)(cid:912)
(cid:93)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:393)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:393)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:113)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:394)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:904)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:394)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:856)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:439)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:439)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)

(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:891)
(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:891)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:891)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:68)(cid:93)(cid:93)(cid:874)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:874)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)
(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:433)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

Group Enterprise Business 
(cid:15)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:324)(cid:342)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:393)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:891)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:440)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:850)

(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)

(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:41)(cid:16)(cid:93)(cid:874)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

Group Digital Life Business 
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:93)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:93)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)

EXPANSION RISKS 
(cid:35)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:399)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

Partnership Relations 
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)

(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

Acquisition Risks 
(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:856)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:891)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:324)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:324)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:324)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)

(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:912)(cid:1011)(cid:912)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:728)(cid:729)(cid:737)

94

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Risk Management
Philosophy and Approach

(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:891)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:324)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:850)

PROJECT RISKS 
(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:912)

(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:324)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)

95

(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:83)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:439)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:856)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:850)(cid:912)

NEW BUSINESS RISKS 
(cid:15)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)
(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:93)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:342)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:16)(cid:93)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:912)

(cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)

(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:850)

TECHNOLOGY RISKS(cid:912)
(cid:83)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:16)(cid:93)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:856)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:733)(cid:35)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:1)(cid:41)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:25)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:873)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:891)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:874)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:388)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:306)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:16)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:891)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

VENDOR/SUPPLY CHAIN RISKS 
(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:891)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:1)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:891)
(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)

(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:25)(cid:87)(cid:35)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:891)
(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:856)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:87)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)
(cid:87)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:874)(cid:850)

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY RISKS 
(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:87)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:25)(cid:68)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)

(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)
(cid:16)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:87)(cid:68)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:735)(cid:728)(cid:728)(cid:729)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:439)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:93)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)

CYBER SECURITY RISKS 
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:891)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:891)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:388)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)

(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:912)(cid:1011)(cid:912)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:728)(cid:729)(cid:737)

96

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Risk Management
Philosophy and Approach

(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:856)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:439)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:856)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:891)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:891)(cid:439)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:394)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:891)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:891)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:730)(cid:845)(cid:728)(cid:728)(cid:728)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)

97

(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:850)(cid:912)

DATA PROTECTION AND  
PRIVACY RISKS
(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:439)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:856)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:850)(cid:912)

FINANCIAL RISKS 
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)

(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:34)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:387)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:440)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:324)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:1)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:324)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:730)(cid:732)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:731)(cid:734)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:34)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:87)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

NETWORK FAILURE AND 
CATASTROPHIC RISKS 
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)

(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:334)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:87)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:856)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:324)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:354)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:856)
(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:856)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:904)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:856)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:324)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:87)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:439)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)

(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:856)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:25)(cid:68)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)

TALENT MANAGEMENT RISKS 
(cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:912)
(cid:394)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:324)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:87)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:891)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:891)
(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY RISKS 
(cid:39)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)
(cid:25)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:25)(cid:61)(cid:25)(cid:874)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:373)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)
(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:61)(cid:25)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:431)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:856)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:912)(cid:1011)(cid:912)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:335)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:728)(cid:729)(cid:737)

98

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Risk Management
Philosophy and Approach

(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:891)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:15)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:286)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:728)(cid:731)(cid:728)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:286)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:68)(cid:80)(cid:912)(cid:730)(cid:729)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:16)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:891)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:891)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:34)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:891)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:34)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)

(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:891)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:61)(cid:25)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)
(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:891)(cid:41)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:399)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:83)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:873)(cid:41)(cid:16)(cid:62)(cid:41)(cid:83)(cid:80)(cid:874)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:113)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:39)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:68)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:41)(cid:16)(cid:62)(cid:41)(cid:83)(cid:80)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:439)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:61)(cid:25)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)

CLIMATE CHANGE RISKS 
(cid:16)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:891)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)
(cid:87)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:856)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:324)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:394)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:354)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:306)(cid:310)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:440)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:439)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:912)
(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)
(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:286)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:393)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)
(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:292)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:912)
(cid:368)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:891)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:850)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:286)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)

99

Sustainability

The Singtel Group remains committed to sustainable growth as we seek to make a positive 
impact on our stakeholders, the communities we operate in, and the environment.

We strive to achieve this through a series of initiatives that aims to foster a more inclusive 
and diverse workplace and society, support vulnerable groups, reduce our environmental 
footprint, and spark positive change through social innovation. 

Our efforts have not gone unnoticed, as we continue to be acknowledged globally in areas 
such as diversity, governance and climate change. In 2018, we were recognised by awards 
and indices including ASEAN’s Top 5 and Singapore’s Top 3 Publicly Listed Companies at the 
2nd ASEAN Corporate Governance Awards, Best Strategy and Sustainability Management 
and Best Climate Change at the Sustainable Business Awards Singapore 2018, 2019 
Bloomberg Gender-Equality Index and FTSE4Good Index for our sustainability initiatives.

Our sustainability strategy is made up of four key pillars, that aim to:
•  Leave the smallest environmental footprint;
•  Ensure the development and well-being of our people;
•  Enable the development and inclusion of vulnerable segments in our community; and
•  Catalyse change through responsible business practices and innovation in the marketplace.

Singtel and Optus employees volunteering at schools from the Bharti Foundation’s Satya Bharti School Programme as part of Better Together, our annual 
overseas volunteering programme.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

100

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Sustainability

Environment
The Smallest Footprint

Reducing e-waste

In Singapore, ReCYCLE saw compounded growth in collection rate of

Recycle 
and Reuse

with over

400%
24,000kg

of mobile phones, batteries and 
accessories since 2017.

In Australia, we diverted

4,000kg

of e-waste from landfills, saving 10 tonnes of CO2 emissions and 
conserving 50 tonnes of mineral resource. 

We recycled, reused 
and incinerated for energy 
recovery

77%

of waste generated within 
our operations.

Environmental issues have heightened 
in recent years as the impact of 
climate change becomes more 
evident. We believe that everyone, 
from governments and companies 
to the person on the street, has a 
responsibility to tackle climate change 
through mitigation and adaptation 
efforts. At Singtel, we aim to do 
our part by leaving the smallest 
environmental footprint, even as our 
business continues to expand.

SETTING THE CLIMATE AGENDA 
FROM THE TOP
Singtel is taking a regional leadership 
role to steer the industry towards 

tackling climate change. We have 
set science-based carbon targets 
to serve as a guide for all of our 
business activities. For instance, 
we are searching for renewable 
energy sources to help us achieve 
and exceed our carbon reduction 
targets approved by the Science 
Based Targets initiative. Last year, 
we also pledged to support 2018 
as the Year of Climate Action 
for Singapore. In Australia, we 
continue to play an active role in 
the Australian Business Roundtable 
for Disaster Resilience and Safer 
Communities, collaborating with 
diverse stakeholders in Australia 

to help shape government policy 
and planning for climate-related 
disasters.

MINIMISING THE ENVIRONMENTAL 
IMPACT OF OUR PRODUCTS
As a leading communications 
technology company, we are 
committed to minimising e-waste, 
such as metals, plastics and batteries 
from mobile phones, that have the 
potential to be pollutive. Our ongoing 
efforts such as ReCYCLE in Singapore 
and Mobile Muster in Australia have 
been well-received by customers and 
staff and collection rates continue to 
grow yearly. 

101

People 
Ensuring the Development and Well-being of Our Greatest Asset

NURTURING OUR PEOPLE TO 
POWER OUR FUTURE 
Our people are our most important 
asset and we ensure that they are 
equipped with the relevant skills to 
navigate a fast-changing global 
landscape. We take a proactive 
approach to the future of work as 
we recognise the huge impact on 
business from rapid digitisation. 
Hence, we continue to improve the 
digital literacy and capabilities of 
our people through various training 
initiatives. By grooming a digital 
workforce and workplace, we 
enhance our employee experience 
and drive Singtel’s overall digital 
transformation.

ATTRACTING AND RETAINING 
TALENT
We have ramped up our efforts to 
attract digitally-savvy candidates 
to ensure we remain relevant in the 

new economy. Part of this effort 
involves promoting Singtel’s thought 
leadership in the areas of digital 
transformation journey and employer 
value proposition at recruitment 
events. We also launched a new 
Digital Leadership Experience 
programme in FY 2019 to develop 
leaders of digital businesses.

GENDER DIVERSITY AND 
INCLUSION
We strongly believe that diversity in 
the workplace is a key competitive 
advantage for us, providing a broad 
range of insights and opinions 
reflective of the diverse markets we 
operate in. To foster such diversity, 
we are committed to increasing the 
representation of women in senior 
leadership and technical roles. 
Singtel was one of only four 
Singapore companies and the only 
Southeast Asian communications 
company to be recognised for our 

gender diversity efforts when we 
were listed in the 2019 Bloomberg 
Gender-Equality Index. We were also 
part of the Thomson Reuters  
IX Global Diversity and Inclusion 
Index 2018.

Gender 
diversity in 
management

27%

of female employees in middle 
and top management.

Gender Distribution

Age Distribution

Singtel

Optus

Singtel

Optus

Female
Male

35%
65%

Female
Male

32%
68%

< 30 years old
30-49 years old
≥ 50 years old

20%
61%
19%

< 30 years old
30-49 years old
≥ 50 years old

24%
59%
17%

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

102

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Sustainability

Community
Driving Positive Change in Our Communities

Giving for 
good

We have invested

S$90m

into enabling and inclusion 
programmes for vulnerable 
groups since 2016.

Donated 

Singtel Touching Lives Fund
S$3m
S$42m

in 2018, bringing the total funds donated to

since its inception in 2002.

Yes4Good

More than

donated by employees to

A$175k
277

charities in 2018.

More than

A$5.7m

donated since 2005.

As a leading communications group, 
we are well-positioned to play a 
significant role in supporting the 
inclusion and progress of society’s 
more vulnerable segments. By 
leveraging our technologies and 
programmes, we aim to improve 
the well-being of vulnerable groups 
while helping them realise their 
potential. We also invest directly in 
the communities we operate in as 
part of our sustainability strategy. 
Through these efforts, Singtel strives 
to be a responsible corporate citizen 
that is a force for positive change in 
society.

PROVIDING OPPORTUNITIES 
THROUGH EDUCATION AND 
EMPLOYABILITY
Through various partnerships 
and programmes, we equip youth 
with disabilities with the skills they 
need to enter the workforce and 
lead independent lives. One of our 
key initiatives in this effort is the 
Singtel Touching Lives Fund, our 
flagship corporate philanthropy 
programme which raises funds for 
six schools that provide educational 
support for youth with special 
needs in Singapore. Another of 
our initiatives, the Singtel Enabling 

Innovation Centre, works to enhance 
employment opportunities for 
persons with disabilities by providing 
them with customised job training. It 
also promotes and showcases the use 
of assistive technologies that enable 
them to be productive at work.

In Australia, Optus, as a founding 
member of the Australian Business 
and Community Network (ABCN), 
continues to work closely with 
other ABCN members to improve 
opportunities and outcomes for 
vulnerable youth in high-needs 
schools across Australia. Our 

103

Pathways2Employment Programme 
helps young people build confidence 
and skills and provides opportunities 
for them to secure employment with 
Optus Retail. We also collaborated 
with the KARI Foundation to help 
indigenous young people in Australia 
achieve and thrive in society 
through mentoring and education 
programmes.

ENCOURAGING OUR PEOPLE TO 
SERVE OUR COMMUNITIES
We actively encourage our staff to 
play their part in making a positive 
impact on our communities. Beyond 
helping the less fortunate around 
them, such activities also build 
empathy and character.

Our employees can volunteer their 
time and talent for a range of social 

and environmental causes, such 
as the annual Singtel Carnival – 
Singapore’s largest event dedicated 
to children with special needs. In 
Australia, our online portal Yes4Good 
allows our people to donate, sign up 
to volunteer and fundraise for their 
favourite causes. Meanwhile, Better 
Together – our annual overseas 
volunteering programme with 
our associates – organised three 
expeditions in 2018 to India, the 
Philippines and Thailand.

INCLUSION AND WELL-BEING
One key focus of our community 
strategy involves supporting the 
cancer cause. Given its pervasiveness 
in society, we strongly believe that 
everyone affected by cancer should 
have access to care regardless of 
their social or financial status. To 

this end, we continue to support 
and participate in initiatives such 
as the Singtel-Singapore Cancer 
Society Race Against Cancer, an 
event that aims to raise funds to 
drive Singapore Cancer Society 
programmes. In Australia, Optus 
employees continue to participate in 
the Tour de Cure to raise awareness 
and funds towards cancer research 
and prevention.

We also strive to improve outcomes 
for disadvantaged groups, such as 
vulnerable youth and persons with 
disabilities. Through the Singapore 
Business Network on DisAbility, we 
work with like-minded companies to 
boost the employability of persons 
with disabilities by raising awareness, 
and sharing expertise and resources.

Optus employees participating in the Tour de Cure to raise funds in support of cancer research and prevention.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

104

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Sustainability

Marketplace And Customers 
A Catalyst for Change Through Responsible Business Practices 
and Innovation

In 2018, the third instalment of the 
annual programme held in Sydney, 
Australia attracted over 3,000 applicants 
from Singapore, Australia, Thailand, the 
Philippines and Indonesia. 48 selected 
start-ups received more than S$1 million 
in funding and support, and were 
advised by volunteer teams of Singtel 
experts and partners from the social 
and private sectors on their technology 
solutions and business models.

The Singtel Group is committed to 
ethical and responsible business 
practices, which extend to our 
supply chain as well. During the 
year, Australia introduced a new 
Modern Slavery Legislation, which 
we will be using to update our 
Supplier Code of Conduct, Supplier 
Risk Assessment Questionnaires, 
Supplier Service Agreements and 
engagement process to ensure that 
our supply chain operates at the 
highest level of human and labour 
rights as well as environmental 
practices. 

Recognising that building a 
sustainable future requires the 

work of many hands, Singtel 
supports innovative individuals 
and businesses that are working to 
address social issues for vulnerable 
people. 

We aim to empower such innovators 
through the Singtel Group Future 
Makers, our regional accelerator 
programme that supports 
entrepreneurs. The programme 
offers participants workshops, 
coaching and mentoring 
sessions to help with developing 
vision, leveraging technology, 
understanding customers, the art 
of storytelling and digital marketing 
strategies.

105

KEY ENVIRONMENTAL AND SOCIAL PERFORMANCE INDICATORS

Singapore

Australia

2019

2018

2019

2018

1,347,094

164,629

97

753,238

1,395,100

174,391

118

752,207

1,749,622

418,060

160

1,724,106

418,760

195

78,774 (2)

74,235 (2)

7,538

6,289

2,294 (3)

2,197 (3)

35

34

18.3

12.4

5.9

34.8

1.5

0.7

12.9

35

33

17.1

11.1

6.0

30.6

2.1

0.9

14.7

32

22

17.0

10.6

6.4

18.4

2.2

1.3

16.7

32

21

15.4

9.7

5.7

20.6 (5)

4.1

2.8

7.3

   Environmental Performance (1)

Energy use (GJ)

Carbon footprint (tonnes CO2 equivalent)
Electricity intensity (kWh/TB)

Water use (cubic metres)

Hazardous and non-hazardous wastes 
(tonnes)

   Social Performance: People

Gender diversity (% female)

– Total employees

– Middle and Top Management

Employee voluntary turnover (%)

Employee voluntary turnover by gender (%)

– Male

– Female

Average training hours per employee

Employee health and safety (4)

– Workplace injury incidence rate

– Workplace injury frequency rate

– Workplace injury severity rate

   Social Performance: Community

Community investment ($ million) (6)

Total volunteering hours

S$11.7

13,503

S$7.5

15,500

A$8.7

13,206

A$9.4

12,128

Notes:
(1)  Please refer to the Singtel Group Sustainability Report for the reporting scope of 

environmental indicators.

(2)   Water use for Optus Sydney Campus only.
(3)   Data covers waste directly managed by Optus’ contracted waste vendor.
(4)   Workplace safety and health metrics based on International Labour Organization (ILO) 

definitions.

(5)   Restated.
(6)   Community investment has been verified by The London Benchmarking Group (LBG).

Scan here to view
the Singtel Group
Sustainability Report 2019 
online.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

106

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

  
 
 
 
 
Group Five-year 
Financial Summary

Income Statement (S$ million)
Group operating revenue 
  Singtel
  Optus
  Optus (A$ million)

Group EBITDA 
  Singtel
  Optus
  Optus (A$ million)

Share of associates’ pre-tax profits 
Group EBITDA and share of associates’ pre-tax profits 
Group EBIT
Net profit (2)
Underlying net profit (3)
Exchange rate (A$ against S$) (4)

Cash Flow (S$ million)
Group free cash flow (5)
  Singtel 
  Optus
  Optus (A$ million)
  Associates’ dividends (net of withholding tax)
Cash capital expenditure

Balance Sheet (S$ million)
Total assets 
Shareholders’ funds
Net debt 

Key Ratios
Proportionate EBITDA from outside Singapore (%)
Return on invested capital (6) (%)
Return on equity (2) (%)
Return on total assets (2) (%)
Net debt to EBITDA and share of associates’  
  pre-tax profits (number of times)
EBITDA and share of associates’ pre-tax profits  
to net interest expense (number of times)

Per Share Information (S cents)
Earnings per share - basic (2)
Earnings per share - underlying net profit (3)
Net assets per share
Dividend per share - ordinary
Dividend per share - special

‘’Singtel’’ refers to Singtel Group excluding Optus.

2019 (1)

2018 (1)

2018

2017

2016

2015

Financial Year ended 31 March

17,372
8,365
9,006
9,099

17,268
8,235
9,033
8,612

17,532
8,396
9,136
8,710

16,711
7,928
8,784
8,425

16,961
7,663
9,298
9,115

17,223
7,348
9,875
8,790

4,692
2,022
2,670
2,699

1,536
6,228
4,006
3,095
2,825
0.990

3,650
1,242
1,006
1,028
1,402
1,718

5,051
2,194
2,856
2,724

2,461
 7,511 
 5,261 
5,473
3,593
1.049

3,606
1,126
989
947
1,492
2,349

5,089
2,181
2,909
2,774

2,461
7,550
5,210
5,451
3,544
1.049

3,606
1,126
989
947
1,492
2,349

4,998
2,213
2,784
2,669

2,886
7,884
5,645
3,853
3,871
1.043

3,054
1,040
514
500
1,500
2,261

5,013
2,187
2,825
2,771

2,791
7,804 
5,655 
3,871
3,805
1.020

2,718
869
631
617
1,218
1,930

5,091
2,146
2,945
2,624

2,579
7,670 
5,508 
3,782
3,779
1.123

3,549
1,379
1,070
976
1,100
2,238

48,915
29,838
9,883

48,496
29,737
9,877

48,254
29,679
9,820

48,294
28,214
10,384

43,566
24,989
9,142

42,067
24,733
7,963

76
7.7
10.4
6.3

1.6

76
9.6
18.9
11.2 

1.3 

77 
9.5 
18.8 
11.2 

75 
10.9
14.5 
8.3 

74 
11.7
15.6 
9.0 

74 
12.1 
15.6 
9.3 

1.3 

1.3 

1.2 

1.0 

16.2

20.1

20.2 

23.4 

25.3 

29.2 

18.96
17.31
183
17.5
-

33.53
22.01
182
17.5
3.0

33.40
21.71
182
17.5
3.0

23.96
24.07
173
17.5
-

24.29
23.88
157
17.5
-

23.73
23.71
155
17.5
-

Notes:
(1)   Based on Singapore Financial Reporting Standards (International). 
(2)   FY 2018 included the gain on disposal of economic interest in NetLink Trust of S$2.03 billion.
(3)   Underlying net profit is defined as net profit before exceptional items. 
(4)   Average A$ rate for translation of Optus’ operating revenue.
(5)   Free cash flow refers to cash flow from operating activities, including dividends from associates, less cash capital expenditure. 
(6)   Return on invested capital is defined as EBIT (post-tax) divided by average capital. 

107

 
Group Five-year 
Financial Summary

FIVE-YEAR FINANCIAL REVIEW

FY 2019
The Group has executed well on its strategy amid 
challenging conditions and gained market share in mobile 
across both Singapore and Australia. Operating revenue 
was stable at S$17.37 billion while EBITDA declined 7.1% 
to S$4.69 billion due partly to a 6% depreciation in the 
Australian Dollar. In constant currency terms, operating 
revenue grew 3.7% driven mainly by increases in ICT, 
digital services and equipment sales. However, EBITDA 
was down 3.9% mainly due to lower legacy carriage 
services especially voice, and price erosion. 

The associates’ pre-tax contributions declined a steep 38% 
to S$1.54 billion mainly driven by operating losses at Airtel 
and lower contribution from Telkomsel amid aggressive 
price competition in India and Indonesia. The decline was 
partly mitigated by double-digit profit growth at Globe 
with robust revenue growth in mobile and broadband. 

With lower contributions from the associates, underlying 
net profit declined by 21%. Net profit was S$3.10 billion, 
down 44% from FY 2018 which included an exceptional 
gain from the divestment of units in NetLink Trust. 

FY 2018
The Group delivered record earnings for FY 2018 with net 
profit of S$5.45 billion bolstered by exceptional gain of 
S$2.03 billion from the divestment of units in NetLink Trust 
and a strong core performance. Operating revenue was 
S$17.53 billion, 4.9% higher than FY 2017, while EBITDA rose 
1.8% to S$5.09 billion reflecting strong customer gains in 
Australia and first time contribution from Turn (acquired 
by Amobee in April 2017). In constant currency terms, 
operating revenue and EBITDA increased by 4.7% and 
1.5% respectively. 

The associates’ pre-tax contributions declined 15% to 
S$2.46 billion on weaker earnings from Airtel India 
and Telkomsel impacted by intense competition and 
mandated reduction in mobile termination charges in 
India, as well as lower contribution from NetLink NBN 
Trust following the reduction in economic interest of 75.2% 
in July 2017. The decline was partly mitigated by higher 
contribution from Intouch (acquired in November 2016).    

With lower associates’ contributions, higher depreciation 
and amortisation charges on network investments and 
spectrum, as well as increased net finance expense, 
underlying net profit declined by 8.4%. 

FY 2017
The Group delivered resilient earnings amid heightened 
competition across all the markets the Group operated in. 
Operating revenue was S$16.71 billion, 1.5% lower than  
FY 2016 but would have increased 2.0% excluding the 
impact of regulatory mobile termination rates change in 
Australia from 1 January 2016. EBITDA remained stable 
at S$5.0 billion. The Australian Dollar appreciated 2% 
against the Singapore Dollar. In constant currency terms, 
operating revenue and EBITDA decreased by 2.6% and 
1.5% respectively. 

The associates’ pre-tax contributions rose 5.4% to  
S$2.94 billion despite weakness in Airtel which faced 
intense price competition in India. Strong growth 
at Telkomsel and NetLink Trust, as well as first time 
contribution from Intouch (acquired in November 2016) 
was partly offset by lower profits at Airtel, AIS and Globe. 

Underlying net profit grew 2.9% and net profit was stable 
at S$3.85 billion with an exceptional loss compared to an 
exceptional gain in FY 2016. 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

108

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Group Five-year 
Financial Summary

FY 2016
The Group delivered a strong performance with resilient 
core business and robust contributions from associates. 
Operating revenue was S$16.96 billion, 1.5% lower than 
FY 2015 with the Australian Dollar declining a steep 9% 
against the Singapore Dollar and the impact of lower 
mobile termination rates in Australia from 1 January 2016. 
In constant currency terms, operating revenue would 
have grown 4.1% across all business units with first time 
contribution from Trustwave, Inc. (a newly acquired cyber 
security business). EBITDA was S$5.01 billion, 1.5% lower 
than FY 2015 and in constant currency terms, would have 
increased 4.1% with strong cost management. 

The associates’ pre-tax contributions rose 8.2% to  
S$2.79 billion and would have increased 9.7% excluding 
the currency translation impact. The regional associates 
recorded strong customer growth and robust mobile 
data growth, with higher earnings from Telkomsel and 
Globe offsetting the decline in Airtel. 

Underlying net profit was stable and net profit including 
exceptional items increased 2.4% to S$3.87 billion. In 
constant currency terms, underlying net profit and net 
profit would have increased 4.0% and 5.5% respectively 
from FY 2015. 

FY 2015
The Group delivered a strong set of results. Operating 
revenue was S$17.22 billion, 2.2% higher than FY 2014  
with growth across all the business units. EBITDA 
was S$5.09 billion, 1.3% lower than FY 2014 with the 
Australian Dollar weakening 4% against the Singapore 
Dollar. In constant currency terms, revenue grew 4.8% 
and EBITDA rose 1.3% despite operating losses from the 
digital businesses. 

The associates’ pre-tax contributions rose strongly by  
17% to S$2.58 billion and would have increased 21% 
excluding the currency translation impact. The regional 
associates registered strong customer growth and 
increased demand for mobile data services, with 
earnings growth led by Airtel India, Telkomsel and Globe. 

Underlying net profit grew 4.7% and net profit including 
exceptional items increased 3.5% to S$3.78 billion. In 
constant currency terms, underlying net profit and net 
profit would have increased 7.5% and 6.2% respectively 
from FY 2014. 

109

 
Group Value Added
Statements

GROUP VALUE ADDED STATEMENTS

PRODUCTIVITY DATA

Value added from:
  Operating revenue 
  Less: Purchases of goods and services 

  Other income 

Interest and investment income (net)
  Share of results of associates (post-tax)
  Exceptional items (1)

FY 2019
S$ million

FY 2018
S$ million

17,372
(10,307)
7,065

225
38
1,563
68
1,894

17,268
(9,716)
7,552

 259 
45
1,804
1,895
4,003

Total value added

8,959

11,555

Distribution of total value added 
  To employees in wages, salaries and benefits
  To government in income and other taxes
  To providers of capital on: 
  - Interest on borrowings 
  - Dividends to shareholders 

Total distribution 

Retained in business  
  Depreciation and amortisation 
  Retained profits
  Non-controlling interests 

2,597
675

393
2,857

6,522

2,222
238
 (23) 

2,437

2,760
703

390
3,346

7,199

2,250
2,127

 (21) 

4,356

Total value added 

8,959

11,555

Average number of employees 

24,071

25,614

Note:
(1)   FY 2018 included the gain on disposal of economic interest in NetLink Trust of S$2.03 billion.

Value Added 
(S$ million)

2019

2018 (1)

8,959

11,555

-2,596

Value Added Per Employee 
(S$‘000)

2019

2018 (1)

372

-79

451

Value Added Per Dollar 
of Employee Costs 
(S$) 

2019

2018 (1)

3.45

4.19

-0.74

Value Added Per Dollar  
of Turnover 
(S$)

2019

2018 (1)

0.52

-0.15

0.67

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

110

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management
Discussion and Analysis

GROUP 

Operating revenue

EBITDA 

EBITDA margin

Financial Year ended 31 March

2019
(S$ million)

2018
(S$ million)

Change  
(%)

Change in
constant
currency (1)

(%)

 17,372 

 17,268 

 4,692 

 5,051 

27.0%

29.2%

Share of associates’ pre-tax profits 

 1,536 

 2,461 

EBIT 

(exclude share of associates’ pre-tax profits)

Net finance expense

Taxation

Underlying net profit (2) 

Underlying earnings per share (S cents) (2)

Exceptional items (post-tax) 

Net profit 

 4,006 
 2,470 

 5,261 
 2,801 

 (355)

 (345)

 (850)

 (1,344)

 2,825 

 3,593 

17.3 

 270 

22.0 

 1,880 

 3,095 

 5,473 

Basic earnings per share (S cents)

 19.0 

 33.5 

Share of associates’ post-tax profits 

 1,383 

 1,823 

Notes:
(1)   Assuming constant exchange rates for the Australian Dollar, United States Dollar and/or regional currencies (Indian Rupee, Indonesian Rupiah, Philippine Peso 

and Thai Baht) from the previous year ended 31 March 2018 (FY 2018). 

(2)  Underlying net profit refers to net profit before exceptional items.

111

0.6

-7.1

-37.6

-23.9
-11.8

2.9

-36.8

-21.4

-21.4

-85.7

-43.5

-43.5

-24.1

3.7

-3.9

-36.2

-21.8
-9.2

6.2

-35.8

-19.1

-19.1

-85.2

-41.8

-41.8

-21.8

 
 
 
 
 
The Group has executed well on its 
strategy amid challenging industry, 
business and economic conditions. 
The fundamentals of the core 
businesses remained strong and 
the Group gained market share in 
mobile across both Singapore and 
Australia led by product innovations, 
content and services. Amobee and 
Trustwave continued to scale and 
deepen their capabilities, while the 
regional associates further monetised 
the growth in data as smartphone 
adoption increased. Leveraging on the 
Group’s strengths and customer base, 
Singtel continued to build  
digital ecosystems in payments, 
gaming and esports.

In constant currency terms, operating 
revenue grew 3.7% driven by increases 
in ICT, digital services and equipment 
sales. However, EBITDA was down  
3.9% mainly due to lower legacy 
carriage services especially voice, and 
price erosion. With 6% depreciation 
in the Australian Dollar, operating 
revenue was stable while EBITDA 
declined 7.1%.

Consequently, the Group’s EBIT 
(before the associates’ contributions) 
declined 12% and would have been 
down 9.2% in constant currency terms. 

divestment of units in NetLink Trust. 
Consequently, the Group recorded  
a net profit of S$3.10 billion, down  
44% from last year. 

The Group has successfully diversified 
its earnings base through its expansion 
and investments in overseas markets. 
On a proportionate basis if the 
associates are consolidated line-by-
line, operations outside Singapore 
accounted for three-quarters of both 
the Group’s proportionate revenue  
and EBITDA.

The Group’s financial position and  
cash flow generation remained strong 
as at 31 March 2019. Free cash flow for 
the year was up 1.2% to S$3.65 billion.

In the emerging markets, the 
regional associates continued to 
invest in network, spectrum and 
content to drive data usage. Pre-tax 
contributions from the associates 
declined a steep 38% mainly due 
to Airtel and Telkomsel, the Group’s 
two largest regional associates. 
Airtel recorded operating losses on 
sustained pricing pressures in the 
Indian mobile market. Telkomsel’s 
earnings fell on lower revenue due to 
fierce competition in Indonesia in the 
earlier part of the financial year when 
the mandatory SIM card registration 
exercise took effect. Including 
associates’ contributions, the Group’s 
EBIT was S$4.01 billion, down 24% 
from last year. 

Net finance expense was up 2.9% 
on lower dividend income from the 
Southern Cross consortium and higher 
interest expense from increased 
borrowings.    

Depreciation and amortisation 
charges fell 1.2% but rose 2.7% in 
constant currency terms, on increased 
investments in mobile infrastructure 
network, spectrum and project related  
capital spending. 

With lower contributions from the 
associates, underlying net profit 
declined by 21%. Exceptional gain 
was lower as FY 2018 was boosted 
by a S$2.03 billion of gain on the 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

112

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Management
Discussion and Analysis

BUSINESS SEGMENT 

Operating revenue
  Australia Consumer  
  Singapore Consumer 
  Group Enterprise 
Core Business 
  Group Digital Life 

Group 

EBITDA 
  Australia Consumer  
  Singapore Consumer 
  Group Enterprise 

International Group

Core Business 
  Group Digital Life 
  Corporate 

Group 

EBIT (before share of associates’ pre-tax profits)
  Australia Consumer  
  Singapore Consumer 
  Group Enterprise 

International Group

Core Business 
  Group Digital Life 
  Corporate 

Group 

Financial Year ended 31 March

2019
(S$ million)

2018
(S$ million)

Change  
(%)

Change in
constant
currency (1)

(%)

 7,579 
 2,240 
 6,329 
 16,148 
1,224 

 7,475 
 2,236 
 6,477 
 16,188 
1,080 

17,372 

17,268 

 2,456 
 736 
 1,695 
 (25)
 4,862 
(92)
(78)

 2,591 
 753 
 1,863 
 (22)
 5,186 
(51)
(84)

4,692 

5,051 

 1,164 
 485 
 1,080 
 (27)
 2,702 
 (152)
 (81)

 1,261 
 513 
 1,256 
 (23)
 3,006 
 (120)
 (85)

2,470 

2,801 

1.4
0.2
-2.3
-0.2
13.3

0.6

-5.2
-2.3
-9.0
16.2
-6.3
78.8
-7.3

-7.1

-7.7
-5.5
-14.0
13.7
-10.1
26.2
-5.5

-11.8

7.4
0.2
-1.0
3.1
13.2

3.7

0.5
-2.3
-8.3
16.2
-3.2
79.1
-7.3

-3.9

-2.1
-5.5
-13.7
13.7
-7.7
26.2
-5.5

-9.2

Note:
(1)   Assuming constant exchange rates for the Australian Dollar and United States Dollar from FY 2018. 

113

 
 
GROUP DIGITAL LIFE
Group Digital Life posted robust 
revenue growth of 13% to S$1.22 
billion from digital marketing arm 
Amobee and video-on-demand 
streaming service HOOQ. Amobee’s 
revenue rose 12% fuelled by growth 
in its programmatic advertising 
business, and contributions from 
Videology assets (platform for 
advanced TV and video advertising 
acquired in August 2018) and first 
time recognition of technology 
licence fees from ITV plc, which 
mitigated the decline in its managed 
media business. HOOQ’s revenue 
more than doubled, boosted by 
growth in paying subscribers and 
increased scale. Group Digital Life’s 
negative EBITDA increased due 
mainly to Amobee’s lower revenue 
from its higher-margin media 
business and inclusion of Videology’s 
losses.  

GROUP CONSUMER
In Australia, operating revenue 
grew 7.4% despite heightened 
competition. The increase was 
driven mainly by higher equipment 
sales and handset leasing, and 
customer growth with record net 
additions of 454,000 branded 
postpaid handset customers for the 
year. Mobile service revenue was 
stable as postpaid customer gains 
was negated by ARPU decline amid 
intense data price competition. 
Mass Market Fixed revenue 
remained stable with higher off-net 
revenue, driven by NBN customer 
growth of 137,000 from a year ago, 
offset by lower on-net revenue. NBN 
migration revenues fell 3.6%,  
hit by the temporary suspension 
in the rollout of HFC services over 
the NBN during the financial year. 
EBITDA was stable but would 
have grown 2.6% excluding NBN 
migration revenues and dispute 
settlement recorded in FY 2018.    

In Singapore, operating revenue 
was stable in a highly competitive 
market. Including equipment 
sales, total Mobile revenue was 
flat. Mobile service revenue fell 
3.8% from lower voice and ARPU 
dilution partially offset by growth in 
data. Postpaid continued its strong 
momentum with net additions of 

125,000 customers for the year.  
Fixed broadband revenue rose  
1.7% on increased take-up of higher 
speed fibre plans. TV revenue, 
boosted by the 2018 World Cup 
revenue, grew 4.9%. However, with 
the steep decline in voice revenues, 
EBITDA dipped 2.3%.   

GROUP ENTERPRISE
Operating revenue slid 2.3% 
impacted by price competition and 
longer sales cycle in a cautious 
trading environment, particularly 
in Australia. Revenue would have 
been stable in constant currency 
terms with growth in ICT offset by 
decline in legacy carriage services 
especially voice. ICT revenue, which 
constituted 48% (FY 2018: 46%) of 
Group Enterprise’s revenue, grew 
2.1% in constant currency terms. The 
growth was driven by cyber security, 
cloud and digital services, which in 
total contributed approximately  
S$1.3 billion in revenue, up 15%  
from last year. EBITDA however 
declined 9.0% mainly from price 
erosions on renewals of major 
public sector ICT contracts, lower 
voice revenues and investments in 
digitalisation initiatives. Including 
higher depreciation charges from 
investments in network, data centres 
and project related capital spending, 
EBIT fell 14%.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

114

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Management
Discussion and Analysis

ASSOCIATES (1) 

Group share of associates' pre-tax profits (3)

 1,536 

 2,461 

Financial Year ended 31 March

2019
(S$ million)

2018
(S$ million)

Share of post-tax profits 
  Telkomsel 
  AIS
  Globe (3)
  - ordinary results
  - exceptional items 

Intouch (3) (4)

  - operating results
  - amortisation of acquired intangibles

  Airtel (3)
  BTL (5)

  Regional associates (3)
  NetLink NBN Trust/ NetLink Trust (6)
  Other associates (3) (7)

  843  
  286  

251
 - 
  251  

 101 
 (22)
 79 

 (131)
 (40)
 (171)

 1,287 
48 
47 

 1,031 
292

  180  
 22 
  202  

 106 
 (21)
 86 

 101 
 (18)
 83 

 1,694 
72 
57 

Group share of associates’ post-tax profits (3)

1,383 

1,823 

“nm” denotes not meaningful.

Change  
(%)

-37.6

Change in
constant
currency (2)

(%)

-36.2

-18.3
-1.7

39.3
nm
23.9

-4.4
8.3
-7.5

nm
127.8
nm

-24.0
-32.9
-17.6

-24.1

-12.4
-3.9

45.3
nm
29.1

-6.5
5.9
-9.5

nm
140.9
nm

-21.5
-32.9
-17.6

-21.8

Notes:
(1)   Based on Singapore Financial Reporting Standards (International). 
(2)  Assuming constant exchange rates for the regional currencies (Indian Rupee, Indonesian Rupiah, Philippine Peso and Thai Baht) from FY 2018. 
(3)  Share of results excluded the Group’s share of the associates’ significant one-off items which have been classified as exceptional items of the Group. 
(4)  Singtel holds an equity interest of 21.0% in Intouch which has an equity interest of 40.5% in AIS. 
(5)  Bharti Telecom Limited (BTL) holds an equity interest of 50.1% in Airtel as at 31 March 2019.  In BTL’s standalone books, its loss comprised mainly interest charges 

on its borrowings.  

(6)  Singtel ceased to own units in NetLink Trust following the sale to NetLink NBN Trust in July 2017 but continues to have an interest of 24.8% in NetLink NBN Trust,  
the holding company of NetLink Trust. The share of results included Singtel’s amortisation of deferred gain of S$20 million (FY 2018: S$32 million) on assets 
previously transferred to NetLink Trust, but excluded the fair value adjustments recorded by NetLink NBN Trust in respect of its acquisition of units in NetLink Trust. 
Include the share of results of Singapore Post Limited.  

(7)  

115

    
 
 
    
 
 
Country mobile penetration rate
Market share, 31 March 2019 (2)
Market share, 31 March 2018 (2)
Market position (2)

Mobile customers (‘000) 
- Aggregate
- Proportionate 
Growth in mobile customers (3) (%)

Telkomsel

123%
51.1%
48.5%
#1

168,642
59,025
-13%

AIS

139%
45.2%
44.8%
#1

Airtel (1)

90%
28.0%
25.7%
#2

Globe

138%
56.6%
52.1%
#1

 41,491 
 9,676 
3.6%

384,078
144,770
-2.9%

 83,490 
 39,307 
32%

Notes:
(1)   Mobile penetration rate, market share and market position pertained to India market only. 
(2)  Based on number of mobile customers.
(3)  Compared against 31 March 2018 and based on aggregate mobile customers. 

The Group’s combined mobile 
customer base reached 692 million, 
down 14 million from a year ago on 
declines in Indonesia and India.

Telkomsel’s revenue fell 4% due to 
the steep 24% decline in traditional 
voice and SMS revenues on increased 
popularity of OTT apps and higher 
smartphone penetration. The decline 
was partly mitigated by 21% growth 
in data and digital services as 
Telkomsel’s digital businesses gained 
traction. EBITDA fell 9% on lower 
revenue and higher network expenses 
from the accelerated deployment 
of its 4G network. With a weaker 
Indonesian Rupiah, Telkomsel’s  
post-tax contribution declined 18%.  
Its mobile customer base was 
impacted by churn due to the SIM 
card registration exercise.

AIS’ service revenue (excluding 
interconnect and equipment rental) 
grew 1%. The increase was driven 
by higher fixed broadband revenue 
and the consolidation of CS Loxinfo 
acquired in January 2018, partly 
offset by decline in mobile revenue 
due to intense price competition. 
EBITDA rose 3% on revenue growth 
and lower marketing spend. Including 
higher depreciation charges from 

4G network investments and new 
spectrum amortisation, AIS’ post-tax 
contribution dipped 1.7%.  

Globe delivered a solid performance 
with double-digit growth in EBITDA 
and earnings. Service revenue grew 
6% driven by robust data growth 
in mobile and broadband. EBITDA 
rose 22% on strong revenue growth 
and lower selling expenses. Despite 
higher depreciation charges and 
share of equity losses from its 
associates, Globe’s post-tax ordinary 
contribution rose strongly by 39%. 
The share of Globe’s one-off gain 
in FY 2018 arose from the increase 
in fair value of its retained interest 
in its associate. With the absence of 
exceptional gain this year, overall 
post-tax contribution grew 24%.  

Intouch’s (1) post-tax contribution 
decreased 4.4% on lower 
contribution from AIS and a  
one-off disposal gain on the sale  
of an investment last year. After 
including amortisation of acquired 
intangibles, Intouch’s post-tax 
contribution declined by 7.5%. 

The Group’s share of Airtel’s post-
tax loss (excluding its net exceptional 
gain) was S$131 million, compared to 

the share of post-tax profit of  
S$101 million in FY 2018. The losses 
were mainly due to a steep decline in 
ARPU on disruptive price competition. 
Airtel Africa reported strong growth in 
operating revenue and EBITDA. Airtel’s 
total mobile customers declined mainly 
from India due to implementation of 
minimum recharge plans.

Including the share of Bharti  
Telecom Limited’s (BTL) net loss of 
S$40 million (FY 2018: S$18 million) 
mainly from net finance expense,  
total share of post-tax losses  
of Airtel and BTL amounted to 
S$171 million, compared to  
share of net profit of S$83 million  
in FY 2018. 

Airtel recorded some one-off  
items in the current year which  
have been classified as exceptional 
items of the Group. The exceptional 
items comprised mainly fair value 
gains on deconsolidation of a 
subsidiary and write-back of accruals 
on re-assessment of levies partly  
offset by other charges. Including  
the share of Airtel’s net exceptional 
gain of S$206 million, overall 
contribution from Airtel and BTL  
was a net profit of S$34 million,  
down 53% from last year. 

Note:
(1)  

Intouch is listed on the Stock Exchange of Thailand and has investments in telecommunications via its 40.5% equity interest in AIS, as well as in satellite, internet, 
and media and advertising businesses.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

116

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

  
 
 
 
 
Management
Discussion and Analysis

CASH FLOW 

Net cash inflow from operating activities 

Net cash outflow for investing activities

Net cash outflow for financing activities 

Net change in cash balance 

Exchange effects on cash balance

Cash balance at beginning of year

Cash balance at end of year 

  Singtel (1)
  Optus
  Associates (net dividends after withholding tax) 

Group free cash flow 

Optus (in A$ million)

Cash capital expenditure as a percentage of operating revenue

Financial Year ended 31 March

2019
(S$ million)

2018
(S$ million)

5,368 

5,955 

(2,329)

(1,951)

(3,056)

(4,009)

(16)

4 

525 

513 

1,242 
1,006 
1,402 

 (5) 

(4)

534

525

1,126 
989 
1,492 

3,650 

 3,606 

1,028 

10%

 947 

14%

Change  
(%)

-9.9

19.4

-23.8

248.9

nm

-1.7

-2.3

10.3
1.8
-6.0

1.2

8.5

“nm” denotes not meaningful.

Note:
(1)   Refers to Singtel Group excluding Optus.

The Group’s free cash flow grew  
1.2% to S$3.65 billion. The increase 
was driven by lower capital 
expenditure partly offset by  
lower operating cash flow,  
higher cash taxes and lower 
associates’ dividends.   

Net cash inflow from operating 
activities declined 9.9% to  
S$5.37 billion. Dividends received 
from the associates fell 6.0% mainly 
from Telkomsel, the Southern Cross 
consortium and NetLink Trust. 

The investing cash outflow was  
S$2.33 billion. During the year,  

117

Singtel received proceeds of  
S$118 million from the disposal of a 
property in Singapore. Payments 
of S$123 million were made for the 
acquisition of Videology assets in 
August 2018 and S$344 million for 
the acquisition of a 5.7% equity 
interest in Airtel Africa in October 
2018. Capital expenditure totalled 
S$1.72 billion, comprising S$587 
million for Singtel and S$1.13 billion 
(A$1.14 billion) for Optus. In Singtel, 
major capital investments in the year 
included S$215 million for fixed and 
data infrastructure, S$183 million for 
mobile networks and S$189 million 
for ICT and other investments.  

In Optus, capital investments in 
mobile networks amounted to  
A$633 million with the balance in 
fixed and other investments. 

Net cash outflow for financing 
activities amounted to S$3.06 billion. 
Major cash outflows included net 
interest payments of S$385 million, 
and payments of S$1.75 billion 
for final dividends in respect of  
FY 2018 and S$1.11 billion for interim 
dividends in respect of FY 2019, 
partly offset by increase in net 
borrowings of S$222 million.

 
SUMMARY STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL POSITION 

Current assets
Non-current assets

  Total assets 

Current liabilities 
Non-current liabilities

  Total liabilities

  Net assets

Share capital 
Retained earnings
Currency translation reserve (1)
Other reserves 

  Equity attributable to shareholders
Non-controlling interests and other reserve

  Total equity

As at 31 March

2019
(S$ million)

 7,078 
 41,837 

2018
(S$ million)

 6,759 
 41,737 

 48,915 

 48,496 

 8,794 
 10,311 

 8,429 
 10,355 

19,105 

18,784 

 29,810 

 29,712 

 4,127 
 27,513 
 (1,768)
 (35)

29,838 
 (28)

 4,127 
 27,269 
 (1,284)
 (376)

29,737 
 (26)

29,810 

29,712 

Note:
(1)  

‘Currency translation reserve’ relates mainly to the translation of the net assets of foreign subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures of the Group denominated 
mainly in Australian Dollar, Indian Rupee, Indonesian Rupiah, Philippine Peso, Thai Baht and United States Dollar.   

Currency translation losses 
increased mainly due to the weaker 
Australian Dollar and Indian Rupee 
against the Singapore Dollar from  
a year ago when translating  
the Group’s investments in Optus  
and Airtel.

The Group’s financial position 
remains healthy. 

Total assets were stable with 
additions from the acquisitions 
of Videology assets and equity 
interest in Airtel Africa offset by the 
translation impact from a weaker 
Australian Dollar. Total liabilities 
increased on higher trade payables 
related to handset leasing and 
network investments.  

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

118

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Management
Discussion and Analysis

CAPITAL MANAGEMENT AND DIVIDEND POLICY 

Group

Gross debt (S$ million)
Net debt (1) (S$ million)
Net debt gearing ratio (2) (%)
Net debt to EBITDA and share of associates’ pre-tax profits (number of times)
Interest cover (3) (number of times)

Financial Year ended 31 March
2018

2019

10,396
9,883
24.9
1.6
16.2

10,402
9,877
24.9
1.3
20.1

Notes:
(1)  Net debt is defined as gross debt less cash and bank balances adjusted for related hedging balances.
(2)  Net debt gearing ratio is defined as the ratio of net debt to net capitalisation. Net capitalisation is the aggregate of net debt, shareholders’ funds and  

non-controlling interests.
Interest cover refers to the ratio of EBITDA and share of associates’ pre-tax profits to net interest expense.

(3) 

As at 31 March 2019, the Group’s  
net debt was S$9.9 billion,  
stable from a year ago.

The Group has one of the 
strongest credit ratings among 
telecommunication companies in 
the Asia Pacific region. Singtel is 
currently rated A1 by Moody’s and 
A+ by S&P Global Ratings. The Group 
continues to maintain a healthy 
capital structure.

For the financial year ended  
31 March 2019, the total ordinary 
dividend payout, including the 

proposed final dividend, was  
17.5 cents per share or 101% of the 
Group’s underlying net profit and  
88% of the Group’s free cash flow 
(after interest and tax payments).  

Singtel is committed to delivering 
dividends that increase over time 
with growth in underlying earnings, 
while maintaining an optimal capital 
structure and investment grade 
credit ratings. Barring unforeseen 
circumstances, it expects to maintain 
its ordinary dividends at 17.5 cents 
per share for the next financial year 
ending 31 March 2020.

OUTLOOK FOR THE NEXT 
FINANCIAL YEAR ENDING  
31 MARCH 2020
For the Group’s outlook for the next 
financial year ending 31 March 2020, 

please refer to pages 9 to 10 of  
the Management Discussion and  
Analysis for the fourth quarter  
and year ended 31 March 2019 
announced on 15 May 2019.

119

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

Financials

Independent Auditors’ Report

121   Directors’ Statement
131  
137   Consolidated Income Statement
138   Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income
139   Statements of Financial Position
140   Statements of Changes in Equity
144   Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
147   Notes to the Financial Statements

Additional Information

250   Interested Person Transactions
251  Additional Information on Directors  

Seeking Re-election
261   Shareholder Information
263   Corporate Information
264   Contact Points

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

120

 
 
 
 
Directors’ Statement

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

The  Directors  present  their  statement  to  the  members  together  with  the  audited  financial  statements  of  the  Company 
(“Singtel”) and its subsidiaries (the “Group”) for the financial year ended 31 March 2019.

In the opinion of the Directors,

(a) 

the consolidated financial statements of the Group and the statement of financial position and statement of changes 
in equity of the Company as set out on pages 137 to 249 are drawn up so as to give a true and fair view of the 
financial position of the Group and of the Company as at 31 March 2019, and the financial performance, changes 
in  equity  and  cash  flows  of  the  Group  and  changes  in  equity  of  the  Company  for  the  financial  year  ended  on  
that date; and

(b) 

at the date of this statement, there are reasonable grounds to believe that the Company will be able to pay its debts 
as and when they fall due.

1. 

DIRECTORS 

The Directors of the Company in office at the date of this statement are –

Simon Claude Israel (Chairman) 
Chua Sock Koong (Group Chief Executive Officer) 
Gautam Banerjee 
Dominic Stephen Barton (appointed on 25 March 2019)
Bobby Chin Yoke Choong 
Venkataraman Vishnampet Ganesan
Bradley Joseph Horowitz (appointed on 26 December 2018)
Gail Patricia Kelly (appointed on 26 December 2018)
Low Check Kian 
Peter Edward Mason AM (1) 
Christina Hon Kwee Fong (Christina Ong)
Teo Swee Lian 

Peter Ong Boon Kwee, who served during the financial year, stepped down as a Director of the Company following 
the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting on 24 July 2018.

Note:
(1)  Member of the Order of Australia 

2. 

ARRANGEMENTS  TO  ENABLE  DIRECTORS  TO  ACQUIRE  BENEFITS  BY  MEANS  OF  THE  ACQUISITION  OF  
SHARES AND DEBENTURES

Neither  at  the  end  of  nor  at  any  time  during  the  financial  year  was  the  Company  a  party  to  any  arrangement 
whose object is to enable the Directors of the Company to acquire benefits by means of the acquisition of shares 
in,  or  debentures  of,  the  Company  or  any  other  body  corporate,  except  for  performance  shares  granted  under 
the Singtel Performance Share Plan 2012 (the “Singtel PSP 2012”) and share options granted by Amobee Group  
Pte. Ltd. (“Amobee”).

121

 
 
 
 
Directors’ Statement

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

3. 

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS IN SHARES AND DEBENTURES 

The interests of the Directors holding office at the end of the financial year in the share capital of the Company  
and  related  corporations  according  to  the  register  of  Directors’  shareholdings  kept  by  the  Company  under  
Section 164 of the Singapore Companies Act were as follows –

Holdings registered in the name of  
Director or nominee

Holdings in which Director is deemed  
to have an interest

At 31 March 2019

At 1 April 2018
or date of
appointment,
if later

At 31 March 2019

At 1 April 2018 
or date of 
appointment,
if later

The Company

Singapore Telecommunications Limited
(Ordinary shares)
Simon Claude Israel 
Chua Sock Koong 
Gautam Banerjee
Dominic Stephen Barton
Bobby Chin Yoke Choong
Bradley Joseph Horowitz
Gail Patricia Kelly
Low Check Kian
Peter Edward Mason AM
Christina Ong
Teo Swee Lian

1,019,593 (1)
8,229,844 (3)

-
-
- 
-
-
1,490
50,000 (5)

-
1,550

919,961 
7,540,668
-
-
- 
-
-
1,490
50,000
-
1,550

(American Depositary Shares)
Venkataraman Vishnampet Ganesan 

3,341.45 (6)

3,341.45

Subsidiary Corporations

Amobee Group Pte. Ltd.
(Options to subscribe for ordinary shares)
Venkataraman Vishnampet Ganesan

1,581,805

750,718

Optus Finance Pty Limited
(A$250,000,000 4% fixed rate notes due 2022)
Simon Claude Israel 

A$1,600,000 (7)

(principal amount)

A$1,600,000
(principal amount)

(A$500,000,000 3.25% fixed rate notes due 2023)
Simon Claude Israel 

A$1,000,000 (8)

(principal amount)

-

1,360 (2)
4,104,371 (4)

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-

-

-

-

1,360
4,852,449
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-

-

-

-

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

122

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Statement

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

3. 

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS IN SHARES AND DEBENTURES (Cont’d)

Holdings registered in the name of  
Director or nominee

Holdings in which Director is deemed  
to have an interest

At 31 March 2019

At 1 April 2018
or date of
appointment,
if later

At 31 March 2019

At 1 April 2018 
or date of 
appointment,
if later

Related Corporations

Ascendas Funds Management (S) Limited
(Unit holdings in Ascendas Real Estate Investment Trust)
Simon Claude Israel
Chua Sock Koong
Gautam Banerjee

1,000,000 (9)
142,000
20,000

1,000,000 
 142,000
20,000

Ascendas Property Fund Trustee Pte. Ltd.
(Unit holdings in Ascendas India Trust)
Gautam Banerjee

120,000

 120,000

-
-
-

-

-
-
-

-

Mapletree Commercial Trust Management Ltd.
(Unit holdings in Mapletree Commercial Trust)
Simon Claude Israel
Bobby Chin Yoke Choong

4,043,520 (7)

-

4,043,520
-

 - 

117,000 (2)

-
117,000

Mapletree Greater China Commercial Trust Management Ltd.
(Unit holdings in Mapletree Greater China Commercial Trust)
Simon Claude Israel
Chua Sock Koong

1,000,000 (7)
430,000

1,000,000 
430,000

Mapletree Industrial Trust Management Ltd.
(Unit holdings in Mapletree Industrial Trust)
Simon Claude Israel
Chua Sock Koong
Bobby Chin Yoke Choong

990,160 (7)
11,000
129,600

Mapletree Logistics Trust Management Ltd.
(Unit holdings in Mapletree Logistics Trust)
Simon Claude Israel

1,100,000 (7)

Mapletree Real Estate Advisors Pte. Ltd.
(Unit holdings in Mapletree US Logistics Private Trust)
185
Christina Ong 

(Unit holdings in Mapletree EU Logistics Private Trust)
185
Christina Ong 

990,160
11,000
129,600

1,100,000

-

-

123

-

50,000 (2)

-
50,000

 - 
-
-

-

-

-

-
-
-

-

-

-

Directors’ Statement

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

3. 

DIRECTORS’ INTERESTS IN SHARES AND DEBENTURES (Cont’d)

Holdings registered in the name of  
Director or nominee

Holdings in which Director is deemed  
to have an interest

At 31 March 2019

At 1 April 2018
or date of
appointment,
if later

At 31 March 2019

At 1 April 2018 
or date of 
appointment,
if later

Mapletree Treasury Services Limited
(S$625,500,000 4.5% perpetual capital securities)
Simon Claude Israel 

S$500,000
(principal amount)

 S$500,000
(principal amount)

-

- 

Olam International Limited
(Ordinary shares)
Low Check Kian

Singapore Airlines Limited
(Ordinary shares)
Simon Claude Israel
Chua Sock Koong
Bobby Chin Yoke Choong
Low Check Kian 

1,024,995

500,000

2,074,518 (10)

2,074,518

Singapore Technologies Engineering Limited
(Ordinary shares)
Christina Ong 

1

1

9,000 (11)
2,000
-
5,600

9,000
2,000
-
5,600

-
-

2,000 (2)

-

-

-
-
2,000
-

-

Notes:
(1)  1,015,182  ordinary  shares  held  in  the  name  of  Citibank  Nominees  Singapore  Pte  Ltd  and  4,411  ordinary  shares  held  in  the  name  of  DBS  Nominees 

(Private) Limited.

(2)  Held by Director’s spouse.
(3)  688,750 ordinary shares held in the name of DBS Nominees (Private) Limited and 2,000,000 ordinary shares held jointly with spouse in the name of 

DBSN Services Pte Ltd.

(4)  Ms Chua Sock Koong’s deemed interest of 4,104,371 shares included:

(a) 28,137 ordinary shares held by Ms Chua’s spouse; and
(b) An aggregate of up to 4,076,234 ordinary shares in Singtel awarded to Ms Chua pursuant to the Singtel PSP 2012, subject to certain performance 
criteria being met and other terms and conditions. Depending on the extent of the satisfaction of the relevant minimum performance criteria,  
up to an aggregate of 5,847,725 ordinary shares may be released pursuant to the conditional awards granted.

According to the Register of Directors’ Shareholdings, Ms Chua had a deemed interest in 10,836,742 shares held by DBS Trustee Limited, the trustee of 
a trust established for the purposes of the Singtel Performance Share Plan and the Singtel PSP 2012 for the benefit of eligible employees of the Group, 
as at 19 November 2012, being the date on which the Securities and Futures (Disclosure of Interests) Regulations 2012 (the “SFA (DOI) Regulations”) 
came  into  operation.  Under  regulation  6  of  the  SFA  (DOI)  Regulations,  Ms  Chua  is  exempted  from  reporting  interests,  and  changes  in  interests,  
in shares held by the trust, with effect from 19 November 2012.

(5)  Held  (through  custodians)  by  Burgoyne  Investments  Pty  Ltd  as  trustee  for  Burgoyne  Superannuation  Fund.  Both  Mr  Peter  Edward  Mason  AM  

and spouse are directors of Burgoyne Investments Pty Ltd and beneficiaries of Burgoyne Superannuation Fund.

(6)   1 American Depositary Share represents 10 ordinary shares in Singtel.
(7)  Held in the name of Citibank Nominees Singapore Pte Ltd. 
(8)  Held in the name of Citibank N.A. (Hong Kong). 
(9)   100,000 units held jointly by Mr Simon Claude Israel and his spouse, and 900,000 units held in the name of Citibank Nominees Singapore Pte Ltd.
(10)  Held by Cluny Capital Limited. Mr Low Check Kian is the sole shareholder of Cluny Capital Limited.
(11)  6,200  ordinary  shares  held  in  the  name  of  Citibank  Nominees  Singapore  Pte  Ltd  and  2,800  ordinary  shares  held  in  the  name  of  DBS  Nominees  

(Private) Limited.

According to the register of Directors’ shareholdings, there were no changes to any of the above-mentioned interests 
between the end of the financial year and 21 April 2019.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

124

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Statement

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

4. 

PERFORMANCE SHARES

The Executive Resource and Compensation Committee (“ERCC”) is responsible for administering the Singtel PSP 
2012. At the date of this statement, the members of the ERCC are Peter Edward Mason AM (Chairman of the ERCC), 
Simon Claude Israel, Teo Swee Lian and Gail Kelly. 

At  the  Extraordinary  General  Meeting  held  on  27  July  2012,  the  shareholders  approved  the  adoption  of  the  
Singtel  PSP  2012. The  duration  of  the  Singtel  PSP  2012  is  10  years  commencing  27  July  2012. This  plan  gives  the 
flexibility to either allot and issue and deliver new Singtel shares or purchase and deliver existing Singtel shares  
upon the vesting of awards.

The participants of the Singtel PSP 2012 will receive fully paid Singtel shares free of charge, the equivalent in cash, or 
combinations thereof, provided that certain prescribed performance targets or vesting conditions are met within a 
prescribed performance period. The performance period for the awards granted is three years, except for Restricted 
Share Awards which have a performance period of two years. The number of Singtel shares that will vest for each 
participant or category of participants will be determined at the end of the performance period based on the level 
of attainment of the performance targets or vesting conditions.

Awards  comprising  an  aggregate  of  86.2  million  shares  have  been  granted  under  the  Singtel  PSP  2012  from  its 
commencement to 31 March 2019. 

Performance share awards granted, vested and cancelled during the financial year, and share awards outstanding 
at the end of the financial year, were as follows –

Balance
 as at 
1 April 2018
(’000)

Share 
awards
granted
(’000)

Additional 
share awards 
 from targets 
exceeded
(’000)

Share 
awards 
vested 
(’000)

Share 
awards
cancelled
(’000)

Balance 
as at 
31 March 2019
(’000)

Date of grant

Share award for Chairman
(Simon Claude Israel)
14.08.18

Special Share Award
For Group Chief Executive Officer
(Chua Sock Koong)
19.06.18

For other staff
19.06.18

Sub-total

-

-

-

-

Performance shares
(Restricted Share Awards)
For Group Chief Executive Officer 
(Chua Sock Koong)
17.06.15
20.06.16
19.06.17
19.06.18

55
201
383
-
639

125

100

498

959

1,457

-
-
-
397
397

 -

 -

 -

 -

-
72
-
-
72

(100)

(498)

(959)

(1,457)

(55)
(137) 
-
-
(192)

-

-

-

-

-
-
-
-
-

 -

 -

 -

 -

-
136
383
397
916

 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Statement

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

4. 

PERFORMANCE SHARES (Cont’d)

Balance
 as at 
1 April 2018
(’000)

Share 
awards
granted
(’000)

Additional 
share awards 
 from targets 
exceeded
(’000)

Date of grant

For other staff
17.06.15
28.09.15
05.01.16
20.06.16
20.03.17
19.06.17
21.09.17
18.12.17
14.03.18
19.06.18
21.09.18
18.12.18
21.03.19

Sub-total

For other staff
17.06.15
28.09.15
05.01.16
20.06.16
20.03.17
19.06.17
21.09.17
18.12.17
14.03.18
19.06.18
21.09.18
18.12.18

Sub-total

Total

Performance shares
(Performance Share Awards)
For Group Chief Executive Officer 
(Chua Sock Koong)
17.06.15
20.06.16
19.06.17
19.06.18

1,659
1,695
832
-
4,186

Share 
awards 
vested 
(’000)

(2,111)
(15)
(5)
(3,264)
(14)
(201)
-
-
-
(17)
-
-
-
(5,627)

Share 
awards
cancelled
(’000)

Balance 
as at 
31 March 2019
(’000)

(21)
-
-
(206)
-
(474)
-
(48)
(32)
(692)
-
-
-
(1,473)

-
-
-
2,916
14
6,235
87
29
118
8,423
82
77
147
18,128

-
-
-
1,676
8
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
1,684

1,756

(5,819)

(1,473)

19,044

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-

(1,659)
-
-
-
(1,659)

(6,870)
(125)
(32)
(376)
-
(189)
-
(36)
-
(163)
-
-
(7,791)

-
1,695
832
634
3,161

-
-
-
6,580
91
3,708
24
17
79
3,374
24
12
13,909

(9,450)

17,070

2,132
15
5
4,710
20
6,910
87
77
150
-
-
-
-
14,106

14,745

6,870
125
32
6,956
91
3,897
24
53
79
-
-
-
18,127

22,313

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
9,132
82
77
147
9,438

9,835

-
-
-
634
634

-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
3,537
24
12
3,573

4,207

37,058

15,599

1,756

(7,376)

(10,923)

36,114

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

126

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Directors’ Statement

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

4. 

PERFORMANCE SHARES (Cont’d)

During the financial year, awards in respect of an aggregate of 7.4 million shares granted under the Singtel PSP 2012 
were vested. The awards were satisfied by the delivery of existing shares purchased from the market as permitted 
under the Singtel PSP 2012.

As at 31 March 2019, no participant (other than Ms Chua Sock Koong) has received shares pursuant to the vesting of 
awards granted under the Singtel PSP 2012 which, in aggregate, represents five per cent or more of the aggregate of –

(i) 

the total number of new shares available under the Singtel PSP 2012; and

(ii) 

the total number of existing shares purchased for delivery of awards released under the Singtel PSP 2012.

5. 

SHARE OPTION PLANS 

During the financial year, there were:

(a) 

no options granted by the Company to any person to take up unissued shares of the Company; and

(b) 

no shares issued by virtue of any exercise of options to take up unissued shares of the Company. 

There were no unissued shares of the Company under option at the end of the financial year.

The particulars of the share option plans of subsidiary corporations of the Company are as follows:

Amobee Group Pte. Ltd.

In April 2015, Amobee, a wholly-owned subsidiary corporation of the Company, implemented the 2015 Long-Term 
Incentive Plan (“Amobee LTI Plan”). Under the terms of Amobee LTI Plan, options to purchase ordinary shares of 
Amobee may be granted to employees (including executive directors) and non-executive directors of Amobee and/
or any of its subsidiaries. 

Options are exercisable at a price no less than 100% of the fair value of the ordinary shares of Amobee on the date 
of grant. 

From  1  April  2018  to  31  March  2019,  options  in  respect  of  an  aggregate  of  62.6  million  of  ordinary  shares  in  
Amobee  have  been  granted  to  the  employees  and  non-executive  directors  of  Amobee  and/or  its  subsidiaries.  
As at 31 March 2019, options in respect of an aggregate of 112.6 million of ordinary shares in Amobee are outstanding.

The grant dates and exercise prices of the share options were as follows – 

Date of grant

For employees
13 April 2015, 14 October 2015
20 January 2016, 10 May 2016, 23 June 2016, 24 August 2016, 25 January 2017,  
19 July 2017, 18 August 2017, 12 September 2017, 25 January 2018
21 August 2018, 25 March 2019

For non-executive directors
14 October 2015
21 August 2018

127

Exercise price

US$0.54 to US$0.79

US$0.54
US$0.55 to US$0.58

US$0.54
US$0.55

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Statement

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

5. 

SHARE OPTION PLANS (Cont’d)

The options granted to employees and non-executive directors expire 10 years and 5 years from the date of grant 
respectively. 

During  the  financial  year,  10,879  ordinary  shares  of  Amobee  were  issued  pursuant  to  the  exercise  of  options  
granted under the Amobee LTI Plan. The persons to whom the options have been granted do not have the right to 
participate, by virtue of the options, in any share issue of any other company.

Trustwave Holdings, Inc. 

In December 2015, Trustwave Holdings, Inc. (“Trustwave”), a wholly-owned subsidiary corporation of the Company, 
implemented  the  Stock  Option  Incentive  Plan  (“Trustwave  ESOP’’).  Under  the  terms  of  the  Trustwave  ESOP, 
options to purchase common stock of Trustwave may be granted to employees (including executive directors) and  
non-executive directors of Trustwave and/or any of its subsidiaries. 

Options  are  exercisable  at  a  price  no  less  than  100%  of  the  fair  value  of  the  common  stock  of Trustwave  on  the  
date of grant. 

From 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019, options in respect of an aggregate of 0.6 million of common stock in Trustwave 
have been granted to the employees of Trustwave and/or its subsidiaries. As at 31 March 2019, options in respect  
of an aggregate of 2.2 million of common stock in Trustwave are outstanding.

The grant dates and exercise prices of the stock options were as follows – 

Date of grant

1 December 2015, 22 January 2016, 19 May 2016, 12 September 2016
20 January 2017
15 March 2018, 23 May 2018, 12 July 2018, 31 August 2018

The options granted expire 10 years from the date of grant. 

Exercise price

US$16.79
US$16.24
US$15.37

No common stock of Trustwave was issued during the financial year pursuant to the exercise of options granted 
under  the  Trustwave  ESOP.  The  persons  to  whom  the  options  have  been  granted  do  not  have  the  right  to  
participate, by virtue of the options, in any share issue of any other company.

HOOQ Digital Pte. Ltd.

In  December  2015,  HOOQ  Digital  Pte.  Ltd.  (“HOOQ”),  a  65%-owned  subsidiary  corporation  of  the  Company, 
implemented the HOOQ Digital Employee Share Option Scheme (“the Scheme”). Under the terms of the Scheme, 
options  to  purchase  ordinary  shares  of  HOOQ  may  be  granted  to  employees  (including  executive  directors)  
of HOOQ and/or any of its subsidiaries. 

Options are exercisable at a price no less than 100% of the fair value of the ordinary shares of HOOQ on the date  
of grant. 

From 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019, options in respect of an aggregate of 9.6 million of ordinary shares in HOOQ 
have been granted to the employees of HOOQ and/or its subsidiaries. As at 31 March 2019, options in respect of an 
aggregate of 43.3 million of ordinary shares in HOOQ are outstanding.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

128

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Statement

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

5. 

SHARE OPTION PLANS (Cont’d)

The grant dates and exercise prices of the share options were as follows – 

Date of grant

16 May 2016, 24 April 2017, 2 May 2017, 31 July 2017, 8 September 2017,  
23 October 2017, 10 January 2018, 1 April 2018, 1 July 2018, 19 October 2018,  
31 January 2019

Exercise price

US$0.07

The options granted expire 10 years from the date of grant. 

No  ordinary  shares  of  HOOQ  were  issued  during  the  financial  year  pursuant  to  the  exercise  of  options  granted 
under the Scheme. The persons to whom the options have been granted do not have the right to participate, by 
virtue of the options, in any share issue of any other company.

6. 

AUDIT COMMITTEE 

At the date of this statement, the Audit Committee comprises the following members, all of whom are non-executive 
and independent –

Bobby Chin Yoke Choong (Chairman of the Audit Committee)
Gautam Banerjee 
Christina Hon Kwee Fong (Christina Ong)

Peter Ong Boon Kwee, who served during the financial year, stepped down as a member of the Audit Committee 
following the conclusion of the Annual General Meeting on 24 July 2018.

The Audit Committee carried out its functions in accordance with Section 201B of the Singapore Companies Act, 
Chapter 50. 

In  performing  its  functions,  the  Committee  reviewed  the  overall  scope  and  results  of  both  internal  and  external 
audits  and  the  assistance  given  by  the  Company’s  officers  to  the  auditors.  It  met  with  the  Company’s  internal 
auditors  to  discuss  the  results  of  the  respective  examinations  and  their  evaluation  of  the  Company’s  system  of 
internal accounting controls. The Committee also held discussions with the internal and external auditors and is 
satisfied  that  the  processes  put  in  place  by  management  provide  reasonable  assurance  on  mitigation  of  fraud  
risk exposure to the Group.

The Committee also reviewed the financial statements of the Company and the Group, as well as the Independent 
Auditors’ Report thereon. In the review of the financial statements of the Company and the Group, the Committee 
had discussed with management the accounting principles that were applied and their judgement of items that 
might affect the integrity of the financial statements. 

129

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Directors’ Statement

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

6. 

AUDIT COMMITTEE (Cont’d)

In  addition,  the  Committee  had,  with  the  assistance  of  the  internal  auditors,  reviewed  the  procedures  set  up  by  
the  Company  and  the  Group  to  identify  and  report,  and  where  necessary,  sought  appropriate  approval  for  
interested person transactions.

The  Committee  has  full  access  to  and  has  the  co-operation  of  management  and  has  been  given  the  resources 
required for it to discharge its function properly. It also has full discretion to invite any executive officer to attend its 
meetings. The external and internal auditors have unrestricted access to the Audit Committee.

The  Committee  has  nominated  KPMG  LLP  for  re-appointment  as  auditors  of  the  Company  at  the  forthcoming 
Annual General Meeting. 

7. 

AUDITORS 

KPMG LLP were appointed as auditors of the Company at the Annual General Meeting of the Company held on  
24 July 2018.

The auditors, KPMG LLP, have expressed their willingness to accept re-appointment.

On behalf of the Directors

Simon Claude Israel
Simon Claude Israel 
Chairman 

Singapore
14 May 2019

Chua Sock Koong
Director

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

130

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Independent Auditors’ Report
Members of Singapore Telecommunications Limited
For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

Report on the audit of the financial statements

Opinion

We have audited the financial statements of Singapore Telecommunications Limited (‘the Company’) and its subsidiaries 
(‘the  Group’),  which  comprise  the  consolidated  statement  of  financial  position  of  the  Group  and  the  statement  of 
financial position of the Company as at 31 March 2019 and the consolidated income statement, consolidated statement 
of  comprehensive  income,  consolidated  statement  of  changes  in  equity  and  consolidated  statement  of  cash  flows  of 
the Group, and the statement of changes in equity of the Company for the year then ended, and notes to the financial 
statements, including a summary of significant accounting policies, as set out on pages 137 to 249.

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Group and the statement of financial position 
and  statement  of  changes  in  equity  of  the  Company  are  properly  drawn  up  in  accordance  with  the  provisions  of  
the  Singapore  Companies  Act,  Chapter  50  (‘the  Act’)  and  Singapore  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (International)  
(‘SFRS(I)s’) so as to give a true and fair view of the consolidated financial position of the Group and the financial position 
of the Company as at 31 March 2019 and of the consolidated financial performance, consolidated changes in equity and 
consolidated cash flows of the Group and the changes in equity of the Company for the year ended on that date.

Basis for opinion

We conducted our audit in accordance with Singapore Standards on Auditing (‘SSAs’). Our responsibilities under those 
standards are further described in the ‘Auditors’ responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements’ section of our 
report. We are independent of the Group in accordance with the Accounting and Corporate Regulatory Authority Code 
of Professional Conduct and Ethics for Public Accountants and Accounting Entities (‘ACRA Code’) together with the ethical 
requirements that are relevant to our audit of the financial statements in Singapore, and we have fulfilled our other ethical 
responsibilities in accordance with these requirements and the ACRA Code. We believe that the audit evidence we have 
obtained is sufficient and appropriate to provide a basis for our opinion.

Key audit matters

Key  audit  matters  are  those  matters  that,  in  our  professional  judgement,  were  of  most  significance  in  our  audit  of  the 
financial  statements  of  the  current  period.  These  matters  were  addressed  in  the  context  of  our  audit  of  the  financial 
statements as a whole, and in forming our opinion thereon, and we do not provide a separate opinion on these matters.

The key audit matter

Revenue recognition

How the matter was addressed in our audit

For  the  main  Operating  Revenues  –  Mobile  Service,  
Data  and  Internet  and  Sale  of  Equipment,  there  is  an 
inherent  risk  around  the  accuracy  and  timing  of  revenue 
recognition given the complexity of systems and the large 
volume  of  data  processed,  which  are  also  impacted  by 
changing  pricing  models  and  the  introduction  of  new 
products and tariff arrangements.

Significant  management  judgements  and  estimates  are 
required  when  accounting  for  revenue  from  long-term 
contracts  with  respect  to  the  Group  Enterprise  Infocomm 
Technology (“ICT”) Operating Revenues. For some of these 
ICT  contracts,  estimates  are  required  in  determining  the 
completeness and valuation of provisions against contracts 
that are expected to be loss-making and the recoverability 
of the contract assets.

We obtained an understanding of the nature of the various 
revenue  streams  and  the  related  revenue  recording 
processes, systems and controls.

Our  audit  approach  included  controls  testing  as  well  as 
substantive procedures. For our procedures over the design 
and  operating  effectiveness  of  controls  over  significant  IT 
systems, we involved our IT specialists.

In particular, our procedures included:

(cid:843)(cid:912) IT systems: Testing of the design and implementation, and 
the  operating  effectiveness  of  automated  controls  over 
the capture of data at the network switches and interfaces 
between  relevant  IT  applications,  measurement  and 
billing  of  revenue,  and  the  recording  of  entries  in  the 
general ledger. 

131

Independent Auditors’ Report
Members of Singapore Telecommunications Limited
For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

The key audit matter

Revenue recognition (Cont’d)

In  addition,  the  initial  application  of  SFRS(I)  15  Revenue 
from  Contracts  with  Customers  required  the  exercise  of 
significant judgement regarding:

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:41)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912) (cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912) (cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912) (cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912) (cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912) (cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:912)

product and service offering;

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:25)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912) (cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912) (cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:891)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:912) (cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912) (cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912) (cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:912)
consideration, future customer behaviour with respect to 
early contract renewals and terminations; and

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:850)

The  accounting  policies  for  revenue  recognition  are  set 
out in Note 2.23 to the financial statements and the various 
revenue  streams  for  the  Group  have  been  disclosed  in  
Note 4 to the financial statements.

How the matter was addressed in our audit

(cid:843)(cid:912) Manual controls: Testing of the design and implementation, 
and  the  operating  effectiveness  of  manual  controls  over 
the  initiation,  authorisation,  recording,  and  processing  of 
revenue  transactions.  This  included  evaluating  process 
controls over authorising new price plans and rate changes 
and the adjustments to the relevant billing systems. We had 
also tested the access controls and change management 
controls over the relevant billing systems.

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912) (cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912) (cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912) (cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912) (cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912) (cid:41)(cid:16)(cid:93)(cid:912) (cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912) (cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912) (cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)
revenue  recognition  and  provisioning  for  contracts 
that  were  expected  to  be  loss-making.  We  challenged 
management’s  underlying  assumptions  in  making  their 
judgements on the provisions required. 

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
policies for the products and services offered by the Group 
in adopting SFRS(I) 15, which included but was not limited 
to: 
-  Assessing  the  appropriateness  of  the  transaction 
price  and  its  allocation  to  performance  obligations 
identified  within  bundled  contracts  based  on  stand-
alone selling prices; 

-  Inspection of customer contracts to evaluate whether 
performance obligations were satisfied over time or at 
a  point  in  time,  and  assessed  the  reasonableness  of 
estimates used in respect to revenue recognition and 
deferral of revenue; and

-  Assessing the effects of the initial application of SFRS(I) 

15 as at 1 April 2018.

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:324)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)

ledger relating to revenue recognition.

Findings
We found that the processes and controls to account for revenue were operating effectively.

We found that the key assumptions used and estimates made in regard to the policies for revenue recognition were 
reasonable. 

Impairment assessment of goodwill 

Goodwill is subject to an annual impairment test or more 
frequently if there are indications of impairment.

At 31 March 2019, the Group’s statement of financial position 
includes  goodwill  amounting  to  S$11.5  billion,  primarily 
related to the following cash-generating units (“CGUs”):

Singtel Optus Pty Limited (“Optus”): S$9.3 billion 
Amobee, Inc. (“Amobee”): S$1.1 billion 
Global Cyber Security: S$1.0 billion

We evaluated whether CGUs were appropriately identified 
by management based on our understanding of the current 
business structure of the Group.

involved  our  valuation  specialists 

in  the  overall 
We 
assessment  of  the  recoverable  amounts  of  the  respective 
CGUs.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

132

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Independent Auditors’ Report
Members of Singapore Telecommunications Limited
For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

The key audit matter

How the matter was addressed in our audit

Impairment assessment of goodwill (Cont’d)

Global Cyber Security CGU
Subsequent  to  the  reorganisation  of  the  Group’s  cyber 
security business, with effect from 1 April 2018, management 
has assessed and considered the combined cyber security 
businesses of the Group, including Trustwave, to constitute 
one CGU.

The  Group  performed  impairment  assessments  for  each 
of  the  CGUs  by  estimating  the  recoverable  amounts.  The 
recoverable  amount  is  the  discounted  sum  of  individually 
forecasted  cash  flows  for  each  year  and  the  value  of  the 
cash flows for the years thereafter using a long-term growth 
rate.  As  the  recoverable  amount  for  each  of  the  CGUs 
was  calculated  to  be  in  excess  of  the  respective  carrying 
amounts, no impairment was determined. 

Forecasting  of  future  cash  flows  is  a  highly  judgmental 
process  which  requires  estimation  of  revenue  growth 
rates,  profit  margins,  discount  rates  and  future  economic 
conditions. 

Refer  to  Note  24  to  the  financial  statements  for  the 
impairment assessments.

In particular, our procedures included:

Optus, Amobee and Global Cyber Security
We  assessed  the  reasonableness  of  the  key  assumptions 
used by management in developing the cash flow forecasts 
and the discount rates used in computing the recoverable 
amounts, which included but are not limited to: 

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)

model to Board approved forecasts and budgets;

corroborated 

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912) (cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912) (cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912) (cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912) (cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912) (cid:305)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)
business  developments  and 
certain 
information with market data; we also considered planned 
operational improvements to the businesses and how these 
plans  would  impact  future  cash  flows  and  whether  these 
were appropriately reflected in the cash flow forecasts used;
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912) (cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912) (cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912) (cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912) (cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:912) (cid:305)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:912) (cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
used  by  comparing  against  historical  trends  and  recent 
performance  and 
trends.  Where  relevant, 
assessing  whether  budgeted  cash  flows  for  prior  years 
were achieved to assess forecasting accuracy;

industry 

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:388)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)

observable market data; and

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:80)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912) (cid:271)(cid:912) (cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912) (cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:394)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912) (cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912) (cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912) (cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912) (cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:912)
to 
used 
assumptions would change the outcome of the impairment 
assessment.

to  determine  which  reasonable  changes 

Findings
We found the identification of CGUs to be reasonable and appropriate. 

We found the key assumptions and estimates used in determining the recoverable amounts to be within a supportable 
range.

Share of joint ventures’ reported contingent liabilities relating to regulatory litigations and tax disputes

The Group’s significant joint ventures have a number of on-
going disputes and litigations with their local regulators and 
tax authorities. 

Significant  judgement  is  required  by  management  in 
assessing the likelihood of the outcome of each matter and 
whether the risk of loss is remote, possible or probable and 
whether the matter is considered a contingent liability to be 
disclosed.

Please  refer  to  Note  41  to  the  financial  statements  for 
‘Significant  Contingent  Liabilities  of  Associates  and  Joint 
Ventures’.

Our audit procedures included:

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:324)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)
ventures to understand the process and internal controls 
relating  to  the  identification,  assessment  and  recognition 
of the disputes and litigations.

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912) (cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912) (cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912) (cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912) (cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912) (cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912) (cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912) (cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912) (cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)
the  joint  ventures  (‘Component  Auditors’),  in  particular 
their  assessment  on  the  regulatory  litigations  and  tax 
disputes that may have a material impact to the financial 
statements.

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
of the probability and magnitude of losses relating to the 
disputes  and  litigations,  and  their  conclusions  reached 
in  accordance  with  SFRS(I)  1-37  Provisions,  Contingent 
Liabilities and Contingent Assets.

133

Independent Auditors’ Report
Members of Singapore Telecommunications Limited
For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

The key audit matter

How the matter was addressed in our audit

Findings
We found management’s assessment of the regulatory litigations and tax disputes to be reasonable, and the disclosure of 
contingent liabilities to be appropriate.

Taxation 

The  Group  is  exposed  to  tax  disputes  with  local  tax 
authorities  in  the  jurisdiction  it  operates  in  on  a  regular 
basis.  The  assessment  of  the  outcome  of  such  disputes 
requires significant judgement and could have a material 
impact on the financial statements. 

Australian Tax Office (“ATO”) audit
The  Group  has  been  responding  to  an  on-going  specific 
issue audit by the ATO in connection with the acquisition 
financing of Optus.

The  Group  has  engaged  external  specialists  to  advise 
on  this  matter  and  to  assist  in  raising  objections  to  the 
amended assessments. Significant judgement is required 
in  assessing  the  probability  and  timing  of  the  outlays 
necessary for the resolution of this matter.

Please refer to Note 40 to the financial statements.

Our audit procedures included:

(cid:843)(cid:912) Inquiring  with  management  on  the  tax  issues  raised 
by  the  tax  authorities  and  assessing  their  impact  to  the 
financial statements;

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912) (cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)

(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912) 
appropriateness  of  the  accounting  treatments  of  
significant tax issues for the Group; and

(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:393)(cid:912) (cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)

(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912) (cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)
and  the  accounting  impact  to  the  Group’s  consolidated 
financial statements.

With respect to the ATO matter: 

(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:393)(cid:912)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912) (cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:912)

(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912) 
(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
appropriateness of management’s judgements taken on 
this matter, and the disclosure as a contingent liability, 
and  that  the  amount  paid  continues  to  represent  a 
receivable as at 31 March 2019;

(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912) (cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:25)(cid:393)(cid:271)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912) (cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912) (cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912) (cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912) (cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912) (cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912) (cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:912) (cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)
from  external  specialists  to  support  the  position  taken 
by management; and

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:356)(cid:373)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)
to  discuss  the  merits  of  the  Group’s  position  on  the 
specific issue audit by ATO.

Findings
We found the position of management and the basis for it to be appropriate.

We  found  the  disclosures  to  the  consolidated  financial  statements  to  be  adequate  and  appropriate  in  accordance  to 
SFRS(I) 1-37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets.

Other matter

The consolidated financial statements of the Group and the statement of financial position and statement of changes in 
equity of the Company for the year ended 31 March 2018 were audited by another auditor who expressed an unmodified 
opinion on those statements on 16 May 2018.

Other information

Management  is  responsible  for  the  other  information  contained  in  the  annual  report.  Other  information  is  defined  as 
all information in the annual report other than the financial statements and our auditors’ report thereon. We have not 
obtained any other information prior to the date of this auditors’ report. The other information is expected to be made 
available to us after the date of this auditors’ report.

Our opinion on the financial statements does not cover the other information and we do not express any form of assurance 
conclusion thereon.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

134

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Independent Auditors’ Report
Members of Singapore Telecommunications Limited
For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

In connection with our audit of the financial statements, our responsibility is to read the other information identified above 
when  it  becomes  available  and,  in  doing  so,  consider  whether  the  other  information  is  materially  inconsistent  with  the 
financial statements or our knowledge obtained in the audit, or otherwise appears to be materially misstated.

When we read the other information, if we conclude that there is a material misstatement therein, we are required to 
communicate the matter to those charged with governance and take appropriate actions in accordance with SSAs.

Responsibilities of management and directors for the financial statements

Management is responsible for the preparation of financial statements that give a true and fair view in accordance with 
the provisions of the Act and SFRS(I)s, and for devising and maintaining a system of internal accounting controls sufficient 
to provide a reasonable assurance that assets are safeguarded against loss from unauthorised use or disposition; and 
transactions are properly authorised and that they are recorded as necessary to permit the preparation of true and fair 
financial statements and to maintain accountability of assets.

In preparing the financial statements, management is responsible for assessing the Group’s ability to continue as a going 
concern,  disclosing,  as  applicable,  matters  related  to  going  concern  and  using  the  going  concern  basis  of  accounting 
unless management either intends to liquidate the Group or to cease operations, or has no realistic alternative but to do so.

The directors’ responsibilities include overseeing the Group’s financial reporting process.

Auditors’ responsibilities for the audit of the financial statements

Our  objectives  are  to  obtain  reasonable  assurance  about  whether  the  financial  statements  as  a  whole  are  free  from 
material misstatement, whether due to fraud or error, and to issue an auditors’ report that includes our opinion. Reasonable 
assurance is a high level of assurance, but is not a guarantee that an audit conducted in accordance with SSAs will always 
detect a material misstatement when it exists. Misstatements can arise from fraud or error and are considered material if, 
individually or in the aggregate, they could reasonably be expected to influence the economic decisions of users taken on 
the basis of these financial statements.

As part of an audit in accordance with SSAs, we exercise professional judgement and maintain professional scepticism 
throughout the audit. We also:

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:41)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:326)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:912)
and perform audit procedures responsive to those risks, and obtain audit evidence that is sufficient and appropriate to 
provide a basis for our opinion. The risk of not detecting a material misstatement resulting from fraud is higher than for one 
resulting from error, as fraud may involve collusion, forgery, intentional omissions, misrepresentations, or the override of  
internal controls.

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:68)(cid:286)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:306)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)
in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Group’s internal controls.

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:25)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)

disclosures made by management.

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:306)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:306)(cid:342)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)
evidence obtained, whether a material uncertainty exists related to events or conditions that may cast significant doubt on 
the Group’s ability to continue as a going concern. If we conclude that a material uncertainty exists, we are required to draw 
attention in our auditors’ report to the related disclosures in the financial statements or, if such disclosures are inadequate, 
to modify our opinion. Our conclusions are based on the audit evidence obtained up to the date of our auditors’ report. 
However, future events or conditions may cause the Group to cease to continue as a going concern.

135

Independent Auditors’ Report
Members of Singapore Telecommunications Limited
For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:25)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:287)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)

the financial statements represent the underlying transactions and events in a manner that achieves fair presentation.

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:68)(cid:286)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:305)(cid:305)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:373)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:286)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:388)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:912)
the Group to express an opinion on the consolidated financial statements. We are responsible for the direction, supervision 
and performance of the group audit. We remain solely responsible for our audit opinion.

We  communicate  with  the  directors  regarding,  among  other  matters,  the  planned  scope  and  timing  of  the  audit  and 
significant audit findings, including any significant deficiencies in internal controls that we identify during our audit.

We  also  provide  the  directors  with  a  statement  that  we  have  complied  with  relevant  ethical  requirements  regarding 
independence, and communicate with them all relationships and other matters that may reasonably be thought to bear 
on our independence, and where applicable, related safeguards.

From the matters communicated with the directors, we determine those matters that were of most significance in the audit 
of the financial statements of the current period and are therefore the key audit matters. We describe these matters in 
our auditors’ report unless the law or regulations preclude public disclosure about the matter or when, in extremely rare 
circumstances, we determine that a matter should not be communicated in our report because the adverse consequences 
of doing so would reasonably be expected to outweigh the public interest benefits of such communication.

Report on other legal and regulatory requirements

In our opinion, the accounting and other records required by the Act to be kept by the Company and by those subsidiary 
corporations incorporated in Singapore of which we are the auditors have been properly kept in accordance with the 
provisions of the Act.

The engagement partner on the audit resulting in this independent auditors’ report is Mr Ong Pang Thye.

KPMG LLP
Public Accountants and
Chartered Accountants

Singapore
14 May 2019

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

136

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Consolidated 
Income Statement

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

Operating revenue

Operating expenses

Other income

Depreciation and amortisation

Exceptional items

Profit on operating activities

Share of results of associates and joint ventures

Profit before interest, investment income (net) and tax

Interest and investment income (net)
Finance costs 

Profit before tax

Tax expense

Profit after tax 

Attributable to:
Shareholders of the Company
Non-controlling interests

Notes  

2019
S$ Mil

2018
S$ Mil

4

5

6

7

8

9

17,371.7

17,268.0

(12,904.5)

(12,476.3)

224.7

258.8

4,691.9

5,050.5

(2,222.2)

(2,250.0)

2,469.7

2,800.5

68.2

1,895.1

2,537.9

4,695.6

1,562.7

1,804.0

4,100.6

6,499.6

10
11

38.1
(392.8)

45.5
(390.2)

3,745.9

6,154.9

12

(674.8)

(703.0)

3,071.1

5,451.9

3,094.5
(23.4)

5,473.0
(21.1)

3,071.1

5,451.9

Earnings per share attributable to shareholders of the Company
- basic (cents) 
- diluted (cents) 

13
13

18.96
18.93

33.53
33.48

Note:
The  Group  has  adopted  all  applicable  new  and  revised  Singapore  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (International)  (“SFRS(I)”)  which  became  effective  from  
1  April  2018  and  has  applied  them  retrospectively.  Accordingly,  the  comparatives  have  been  restated  to  take  into  account  adjustments  relating  to  SFRS(I)  1,  
First-time Adoption of SFRS(I), SFRS(I) 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers and SFRS(I) 9, Financial Instruments.

The accompanying notes on pages 147 to 249 form an integral part of these financial statements. 
Independent Auditors’ Report – pages 131 to 136.

137

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of  
Comprehensive Income

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

Profit after tax 

Other comprehensive (loss)/ income

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to income statement:

Exchange differences arising from translation of foreign operations  

and other currency translation differences

Cash flow hedges 
-  Fair value changes
-  Tax effects

-  Fair value changes transferred to income statement
-  Tax effects

2019
S$ Mil

2018
S$ Mil

3,071.1

5,451.9

(484.5)

(1,283.0)

182.9
(23.7)
159.2

(122.4)
17.8
(104.6)

(46.9)
(55.2)
(102.1)

35.0
46.8
81.8

54.6

(20.3)

Share of other comprehensive income of associates and joint ventures

283.8

650.3

Items that will not be reclassified subsequently to income statement:

Fair value changes on Fair Value through Other Comprehensive Income  

(“FVOCI”) investments

Other comprehensive loss, net of tax 

Total comprehensive income 

Attributable to: 
Shareholders of the Company 
Non-controlling interests 

13.2

9.6

(132.9)

(643.4)

2,938.2

4,808.5

2,962.3
(24.1)

4,828.9
(20.4)

2,938.2

4,808.5

The accompanying notes on pages 147 to 249 form an integral part of these financial statements. 
Independent Auditors’ Report – pages 131 to 136.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

138

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Statements of Financial Position

As at 31 March 2019

Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Trade and other receivables 
Inventories
Derivative financial instruments

Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Intangible assets 
Subsidiaries
Joint ventures
Associates
Fair value through other comprehensive 

income (“FVOCI”) investments

Derivative financial instruments
Deferred tax assets
Other assets 
Loan to an associate

Total assets

Current liabilities
Trade and other payables 
Advance billings
Current tax liabilities 
Borrowings (unsecured)
Borrowings (secured)
Derivative financial instruments 
Net deferred gain 

Non-current liabilities
Advance billings
Borrowings (unsecured)
Borrowings (secured)
Derivative financial instruments 
Net deferred gain 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Other non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Share capital and reserves
Share capital
Reserves

Equity attributable to shareholders  

of the Company

Non-controlling interests
Other reserve

Total equity

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

Notes

15
16
17
18

512.7
5,992.7
417.6
155.1
7,078.1

19 11,050.4
20 14,016.7
-
21
22 12,857.9
2,060.2
23

646.9
283.6
276.6
644.4
-
41,836.7

Group
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

524.9
5,813.7
397.4
22.6
6,758.6

11,454.1
13,969.1
-
12,786.5
2,000.2

197.9
388.3
353.0
587.8
-
41,736.9

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

Company
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

533.8
5,762.4
352.2
106.1
6,754.5

11,456.1
13,072.8
-
12,285.3
1,946.7

192.9
434.4
634.9
592.0
1,100.5
41,715.6

81.6
1,960.9
37.2
0.7
2,080.4

2,250.0
-
20,009.2
22.8
24.7

5.3
125.9
-
130.7
-
22,568.6

92.0
2,323.9
21.8
70.1
2,507.8

2,259.4
-
19,425.9
22.8
24.7

5.5
130.6
-
144.9
-
22,013.8

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

89.2
1,673.3
23.8
105.9
1,892.2

2,266.6
-
17,441.0
23.0
603.5

37.4
283.5
-
161.0
1,100.5
21,916.5

48,914.8

48,495.5

48,470.1

24,649.0

24,521.6

23,808.7

5,817.1
812.1
255.0
1,846.2
34.0
9.2
20.8
8,794.4

5,371.0
794.1
351.3
1,800.5
23.1
69.3
20.1
8,429.4

5,054.8
861.1
296.3
3,046.6
86.7
15.8
68.8
9,430.1

1,737.5
89.8
83.6
-
4.8
0.5
-
1,916.2

1,468.4
80.1
101.5
-
7.4
84.9
-
1,742.3

197.4  
8,734.4  
49.5
149.5
375.0
515.1
289.8
10,310.7

221.6  
8,586.1  
81.5
277.0
357.7
535.6
295.1
10,354.6

241.9  
7,898.2  
199.6
279.4
1,282.7
572.8
324.2
10,798.8

129.2  
786.5  
7.7
191.8
-
274.5
26.5
1,416.2

136.7  
739.5  
68.5
250.9
-
268.2
31.4
1,495.2

1,602.0
74.8
100.6
-
1.5
108.8
-
1,887.7

138.3
802.7
157.2
344.0
-
273.0
23.7
1,738.9

19,105.1

18,784.0

20,228.9

3,332.4

3,237.5

3,626.6

29,809.7

29,711.5

28,241.2

21,316.6

21,284.1

20,182.1

25
18
12
26

27

28
29
18
31

28
29
18
31
12
32

33

4,127.3
25,710.5

4,127.3
25,609.8

4,127.3
24,113.9

4,127.3
17,189.3

4,127.3
17,156.8

4,127.3
16,054.8

29,837.8
(28.1)
-

29,737.1
(3.2)
(22.4)

28,241.2
22.4
(22.4)

21,316.6
-
-

21,284.1
-
-

20,182.1
-
-

29,809.7

29,711.5

28,241.2

21,316.6

21,284.1

20,182.1

The accompanying notes on pages 147 to 249 form an integral part of these financial statements. 
Independent Auditors’ Report – pages 131 to 136.

139

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statements of Changes in Equity

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

l

a
t
o
T

y
t
i
u
q
E

l
i

M
$
S

r
e
h
t
O

)
4
 (
e
v
r
e
s
e
R

l
i

M
$
S

-
n
o
N

g
n

i
l
l

o
r
t
n
o
c

l
i

M
$
S

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n
I

l

a
t
o
T

l
i

M
$
S

r
e
h
t
O

)
3
 (
s
e
v
r
e
s
e
R

l
i

M
$
S

l
i

M
$
S

i

d
e
n
a
t
e
R

i

s
g
n
n
r
a
E

r
i
a
F

e
u
a
V

l

l
i

M
$
S

e
v
r
e
s
e
R

l
i

M
$
S

i

g
n
g
d
e
H

e
v
r
e
s
e
R

l
i

M
$
S

y
c
n
e
r
r
u
C

)
2
 (
e
v
r
e
s
e
R

n
o
i
t
a
l
s
n
a
r
T

l
i

M
$
S

l

a
t
i
p
a
C

e
v
r
e
s
e
R

y
n
a
p
m
o
C
e
h
t

l

f
o
s
r
e
d
o
h
e
r
a
h
s
o
t
e
b
a
t
u
b
i
r
t
t
A

l

)
1
 (
s
e
r
a
h
S

l
i

M
$
S

y
r
u
s
a
e
r
T

e
r
a
h
S

l
i

M
$
S

l

a
t
i
p
a
C

9
1
0
2
-
p
u
o
r
G

.

9
7
5

-

-

.

9
7
5

6
3

.

.

6
3
5
6
9
2

,

.

)
4
2
2
(

)
2
3
(

.

.

2
9
7
6
9
2

,

.

)
4
7
7
1
(

.

7
0
0
6
1
3

,

.

)
3
1
3
3
4
(

,

.

6
9
8
4
4

,

-

-

-

.

)
3
3
7
7
5
(

,

.

)
2
6
9
(

.

)
7
2
3
(

.

3
7
2
1
4

,

,

8
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

d
e
t
r
o
p
e
r
y
l
s
u
o
v
e
r
p

i

5
1
d
n
a
9

,

1
)
I
(
S
R
F
S

f
o
n
o
i
t
p
o
d
a
f
o
s
t
c
e
f
f
E

.

5
1
1
7
9
2

,

.

)
4
2
2
(

)
2
3
(

.

.

1
7
3
7
9
2

,

.

)
8
1
(

-

.

)
5
7
1
(

.

8
7

.

0
8
3

)
1
0
(

.

)
5
5
(

.

.

)
7
6
4
7
1
(

,

.

)
9
9
0
1
1
(

,

.

)
4
5
(

-

-

1
1

.

.

)
0
0
4
8
2
(

,

.

2
8
3
9
2

,

.

7
9
0
8
9
2

,

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

)
8
1
(

.

-

.

)
5
7
1
(

8
7

.

.

0
8
3

)
1
0
(

.

)
5
5
(

.

.

)
7
6
4
7
1
(

,

.

)
9
9
0
1
1
(

,

)
4
5
(

.

-

.

4
2
2

6
4

.

.

)
0
7
2
(

.

)
0
7
2
(

-

-

-

-

.

4
2
2

.

)
8
0
(

-

-

.

)
1
4
2
(

.

)
1
8
2
(

-

1
1

.

.

)
6
1
6
8
2
(

,

.

3
2
6
9
2

,

.

8
7
3
8
9
2

,

-

-

.

)
0
7
2
(

.

8
3
8
2

.

0
3
8

.

)
8
3
7
1
(

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

4
9
6
2
7
2

,

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

)
7
6
4
7
1
(

,

.

)
9
9
0
1
1
(

,

-

-

6
4

.

1
1

.

.

)
9
0
5
8
2
(

,

.

5
5
2

3
5

.

.

)
4
4
4
(

.

)
6
9
5
(

.

)
9
8
1
(

.

)
3
4
5
(

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

)
6
4
(

)
6
4
(

.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

)
7
3
8
2
1
(

,

.

)
2
6
9
(

.

)
7
2
3
(

-

-

.

)
3
0
2
(

8
7

.

.

0
8
3

.

)
1
0
(

)
5
5
(

.

-

-

-

-

-

-

)
8
1
(

.

.

)
5
7
1
(

.

3
0
2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

9
9
1

0
1

.

.

3
7
2
1
4

,

,

8
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

d
e
t
a
t
s
e
r

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

r
a
e
y
e
h
t

r
o
f
y
t
i
u
q
e
n

i

s
e
g
n
a
h
C

d
e
s
a
h
c
r
u
p
s
e
r
a
h
s
e
c
n
a
m
r
o
f
r
e
P

y
n
a
p
m
o
C
e
h
t
y
b

d
e
s
a
h
c
r
u
p
s
e
r
a
h
s
e
c
n
a
m
r
o
f
r
e
P

)
5
 (
t
s
u
r
T
y
b

d
e
t
s
e
v
s
e
r
a
h
s
e
c
n
a
m
r
o
f
r
e
P

d
e
s
a
b
-
e
r
a
h
s
d
e
l
t
t
e
s
-
y
t
i
u
q
E

t
n
e
m
y
a
p

l

s
n
a
p
e
r
a
h
s
e
c
n
a
m
r
o
f
r
e
p

l

r
e
d
n
u
s
e
e
y
o
p
m
e
o
t
d
a
p
h
s
a
C

i

y
t
i
u
q
e
o
t
y
t
i
l
i

b
a

i
l

f
o
r
e
f
s
n
a
r
T

d
e
t
i

i

m
L
y
t
P
s
u
t
p
O

l

e
t
g
n
S
y
b

i

d
e
s
a
h
c
r
u
p
s
e
r
a
h
s
e
c
n
a
m
r
o
f
r
e
P

d
e
t
s
e
v
d
n
a
)
”
s
u
t
p
O
“
(

)
4
 (
s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n

i

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n

i

g
n

i
l
l

o
r
t
n
o
c
-
n
o
n

i

o
t
d
a
p
d
n
e
d
v
D

i

i

g
n

i
l
l

o
r
t
n
o
c
-
n
o
n

f
o
n
o
i
t
i
s
i
u
q
c
A

i

d
a
p
d
n
e
d
v
d
m

i

i

i
r
e
t
n

I

)
4
3
e
t
o
N
e
e
s
(

l

a
s
o
p
s
i
d
o
t
e
u
d
n
o
i
t
a
c
i
f
i
s
s
a
c
e
R

l

s
t
n
e
m

t
s
e
v
n

i

I

C
O
V
F
f
o

s
r
e
h
t
O

i

d
a
p
d
n
e
d
v
d

i

i

l

a
n
F

i

)
4
3
e
t
o
N
e
e
s
(

/
)
s
s
o
l
(
e
v
i
s
n
e
h
e
r
p
m
o
c

l

a
t
o
T

r
a
e
y
e
h
t

r
o
f
e
m
o
c
n

i

.

3
7
2
1
4

,

9
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

.

5
4
9
0
3

,

.

2
3
1

.

6
4
5

.

)
8
3
8
4
(

-

-

.

0
3
1
5
7
2

,

.

)
3
0
1
(

3
0

.

.

)
5
7
6
7
1
(

,

.

)
3
6
7
(

.

)
7
1
3
(

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

.
s
t
n
e
m
e
t
a
t
s

l

i

a
c
n
a
n
i
f
e
s
e
h
t

f
o
t
r
a
p

l

a
r
g
e
t
n

i

n
a
m
r
o
f
9
4
2
o
t
7
4
1

s
e
g
a
p
n
o
s
e
t
o
n
g
n
y
n
a
p
m
o
c
c
a
e
h
T

i

.

6
3
1
o
t

1
3
1

s
e
g
a
p
–
t
r
o
p
e
R

’
s
r
o
t
i
d
u
A
t
n
e
d
n
e
p
e
d
n

I

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

140

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statements of Changes in Equity

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

.

6
3
1
2
8
2

,

.

)
4
2
2
(

.

4
2
2

.

6
3
1
2
8
2

,

.

)
7
7
2
8
(

.

9
3
9
4
9
2

,

.

6
7
2

-

-

.

6
7
2

6
3

.

.

)
3
2
9
3
4
(

,

.

0
7
5

.

1
1
1

.

)
1
6
4
(

.

)
1
5
4
(

.

)
5
7
0
5
4
(

,

.

5
7
0
5
4

,

-

-

-

.

)
0
8
0
1
(

.

)
5
2
3
(

.

3
7
2
1
4

,

,

7
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

d
e
t
r
o
p
e
r
y
l
s
u
o
v
e
r
p

i

5
1
d
n
a
9

,

1
)
I
(
S
R
F
S

f
o
n
o
i
t
p
o
d
a
f
o
s
t
c
e
f
f
E

.

2
1
4
2
8
2

,

)
4
2
(

.

-

.

)
9
5
1
(

2
4

.

.

7
2
3

)
2
0
(

.

)
6
6
(

.

.

)
6
6
4
7
1
(

,

.

)
0
0
1
1
1
(

,

)
4
5
(

.

-

7
1

.

.

)
7
9
8
4
(

.

)
2
8
3
3
3
(

,

.

5
8
0
8
4

,

.

5
1
1
7
9
2

,

.

)
4
2
2
(

.

4
2
2

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

2
0

.

-

-

-

-

-

-

)
4
5
(

.

-

-

.

)
2
5
(

.

)
4
0
2
(

.

)
4
2
2
(

)
2
3
(

.

.

2
1
4
2
8
2

,

)
4
2
(

.

-

.

)
9
5
1
(

2
4

.

.

5
2
3

.

)
2
0
(

.

)
6
6
(

.

)
6
6
4
7
1
(

,

.

)
0
0
1
1
1
(

,

-

-

7
1

.

.

)
7
9
8
4
(

.

)
0
3
3
3
3
(

,

.

9
8
2
8
4

,

.

1
7
3
7
9
2

,

.

)
1
4
2
8
(

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

3
0
5
6

.

)
8
3
7
1
(

.

6
1
0
1
5
2

,

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

)
6
6
4
7
1
(

,

.

)
0
0
1
1
1
(

,

.

)
7
9
8
4
(

-

7
1

.

.

4
9
3

.

)
2
5
0
3
3
(

,

.

0
3
7
4
5

,

.

4
9
6
2
7
2

,

.

9
0
1

.

)
0
4
3
(

-

.

)
0
8
0
1
(

.

)
5
2
3
(

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

)
4
9
3
(

.

)
4
9
3
(

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

6
9

.

.

)
3
0
2
(

.

)
9
8
1
(

.

)
3
4
5
(

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

)
7
3
8
2
1
(

,

.

)
7
3
8
2
1
(

,

-

-

.

)
1
8
1
(

2
4

.

.

5
2
3

)
2
0
(

.

)
6
6
(

.

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

)
4
2
(

.

)
9
5
1
(

.

1
8
1

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

8
1
1

)
2
0
(

.

-

-

.

)
2
6
9
(

.

)
7
2
3
(

.

3
7
2
1
4

,

,

7
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

d
e
t
a
t
s
e
r

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

r
a
e
y
e
h
t

r
o
f
y
t
i
u
q
e
n

i

s
e
g
n
a
h
C

d
e
s
a
h
c
r
u
p
s
e
r
a
h
s
e
c
n
a
m
r
o
f
r
e
P

y
n
a
p
m
o
C
e
h
t
y
b

d
e
s
a
h
c
r
u
p
s
e
r
a
h
s
e
c
n
a
m
r
o
f
r
e
P

)
5
(
t
s
u
r
T
y
b

d
e
t
s
e
v
s
e
r
a
h
s
e
c
n
a
m
r
o
f
r
e
P

d
e
s
a
b
-
e
r
a
h
s
d
e
l
t
t
e
s
-
y
t
i
u
q
E

t
n
e
m
y
a
p

l

s
n
a
p
e
r
a
h
s
e
c
n
a
m
r
o
f
r
e
p

l

r
e
d
n
u
s
e
e
y
o
p
m
e
o
t
d
a
p
h
s
a
C

i

d
e
s
a
h
c
r
u
p
s
e
r
a
h
s
e
c
n
a
m
r
o
f
r
e
P

d
e
t
s
e
v
d
n
a
s
u
t
p
O
y
b

y
t
i
u
q
e
o
t
y
t
i
l
i

b
a

i
l

f
o
r
e
f
s
n
a
r
T

i

d
a
p
d
n
e
d
v
d
m

i

i

i
r
e
t
n

I

)
4
3
e
t
o
N
e
e
s
(

i

d
a
p
d
n
e
d
v
d

i

i

l

a
n
F

i

)
4
3
e
t
o
N
e
e
s
(

l

a
s
o
p
s
i
d
o
t
e
u
d
n
o
i
t
a
c
i
f
i
s
s
a
c
e
R

l

s
t
n
e
m

t
s
e
v
n

i

I

C
O
V
F
f
o

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n

i

g
n

i
l
l

o
r
t
n
o
c
-
n
o
n

i

o
t
d
a
p
d
n
e
d
v
D

i

i

s
r
e
h
t
O

i

d
a
p
d
n
e
d
v
d

i

i

l

i

a
c
e
p
S

)
4
3
e
t
o
N
e
e
s
(

/
)
s
s
o
l
(
e
v
i
s
n
e
h
e
r
p
m
o
c

l

a
t
o
T

r
a
e
y
e
h
t

r
o
f
e
m
o
c
n

i

.

3
7
2
1
4

,

8
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

.
s
t
n
e
m
e
t
a
t
s

l

i

a
c
n
a
n
i
f
e
s
e
h
t

f
o
t
r
a
p

l

a
r
g
e
t
n

i

n
a
m
r
o
f
9
4
2
o
t
7
4
1

s
e
g
a
p
n
o
s
e
t
o
n
g
n
y
n
a
p
m
o
c
c
a
e
h
T

i

.

6
3
1
o
t

1
3
1

s
e
g
a
p
–
t
r
o
p
e
R

’
s
r
o
t
i
d
u
A
t
n
e
d
n
e
p
e
d
n

I

l

a
t
o
T

y
t
i
u
q
E

l
i

M
$
S

r
e
h
t
O

)
4
 (
e
v
r
e
s
e
R

l
i

M
$
S

-
n
o
N

g
n

i
l
l

o
r
t
n
o
c

l
i

M
$
S

s
t
s
e
r
e
t
n
I

l

a
t
o
T

l
i

M
$
S

r
e
h
t
O

)
3
 (
s
e
v
r
e
s
e
R

l
i

M
$
S

l
i

M
$
S

i

d
e
n
a
t
e
R

i

s
g
n
n
r
a
E

r
i
a
F

e
u
a
V

l

l
i

M
$
S

e
v
r
e
s
e
R

l
i

M
$
S

i

g
n
g
d
e
H

e
v
r
e
s
e
R

l
i

M
$
S

y
c
n
e
r
r
u
C

)
2
 (
e
v
r
e
s
e
R

n
o
i
t
a
l
s
n
a
r
T

l
i

M
$
S

l

a
t
i
p
a
C

e
v
r
e
s
e
R

y
n
a
p
m
o
C
e
h
t

l

f
o
s
r
e
d
o
h
e
r
a
h
s
o
t
e
b
a
t
u
b
i
r
t
t
A

l

)
1
 (
s
e
r
a
h
S

l
i

M
$
S

y
r
u
s
a
e
r
T

e
r
a
h
S

l
i

M
$
S

l

a
t
i
p
a
C

8
1
0
2
-
p
u
o
r
G

141

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statements of Changes in Equity

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

Company - 2019

Balance as at 1 April 2018,  

previously reported

Share
Capital
S$ Mil

Treasury 

Shares (1)
S$ Mil

Capital
Reserve 
S$ Mil

Hedging
Reserve
S$ Mil

Fair Value
Reserve
S$ Mil

Retained
Earnings
S$ Mil

Total 
Equity 
S$ Mil

4,127.3

(1.0)

39.4

60.1

2.2 17,133.7 21,361.7

Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 1, 9 and 15

-

-

-

(56.1)

-

(21.5)

(77.6)

Balance as at 1 April 2018, restated

4,127.3

(1.0)

39.4

4.0

2.2 17,112.2 21,284.1

Changes in equity for the year

Performance shares purchased  

by the Company 

Performance shares vested 
Equity-settled share-based payment
Transfer of liability to equity 
Cash paid to employees under  
performance share plans

Contribution to Trust (5)
Final dividend paid (see Note 34)
Interim dividend paid (see Note 34)

Total comprehensive income/ (loss)  

for the year

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

-

(1.8)
1.7
-
-

-
-
-
-
(0.1)

-
(1.7)
13.6
7.8

(0.1)
(13.8)
-
-
5.8

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

(1.8)
-
13.6
7.8

-
-

(0.1)
(13.8)
(1,747.2) (1,747.2)
(1,110.4) (1,110.4)
(2,857.6) (2,851.9)

-

-

20.2

(0.2) 2,864.4

2,884.4

Balance as at 31 March 2019

4,127.3

(1.1)

45.2

24.2

2.0 17,119.0 21,316.6

The accompanying notes on pages 147 to 249 form an integral part of these financial statements. 
Independent Auditors’ Report – pages 131 to 136.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

142

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Statements of Changes in Equity

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

Company - 2018

Balance as at 1 April 2017,  

previously reported

Share
Capital
S$ Mil

Treasury 

Shares (1)
S$ Mil

Capital
Reserve 
S$ Mil

Hedging
Reserve
S$ Mil

Fair Value
Reserve
S$ Mil

Retained
Earnings
S$ Mil

Total 
Equity 
S$ Mil

4,127.3

(0.9)

38.3

60.3

27.7 16,006.1 20,258.8

Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 1, 9 and 15

-

-

-

(46.3)

-

(30.4)

(76.7)

Balance as at 1 April 2017, restated

4,127.3

(0.9)

38.3

14.0

27.7 15,975.7 20,182.1

Changes in equity for the year

Performance shares purchased  

by the Company 

Performance shares vested 
Equity-settled share-based payment
Transfer of liability to equity 
Cash paid to employees under  
performance share plans

Contribution to Trust (5)
Final dividend paid (see Note 34)
Interim dividend paid (see Note 34)
Special dividend paid (see Note 34)
Reclassification due to disposal of  

FVOCI investments

Total comprehensive (loss)/ income  

for the year

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

-
-

-

(2.4)
2.3
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

-
(0.1)

-
(2.3)
11.8
4.2

(0.2)
(12.4)
-
-
-

-
1.1

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-

(2.4)
-
11.8
4.2

-
-
(1,747.2)
(1,110.4)
(489.9)

(0.2)
(12.4)
(1,747.2)
(1,110.4)
(489.9)

(25.0)
(25.0)

25.0
(3,322.5)

-
(3,346.5)

-

-

(10.0)

(0.5) 4,459.0

4,448.5

Balance as at 31 March 2018

4,127.3

(1.0)

39.4

4.0

2.2 17,112.2 21,284.1

Notes:
(1) 

‘Treasury  Shares’  are  accounted  for  in  accordance  with  Singapore  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (International)  (“SFRS(I)”)  1-32,  Financial  Instruments: 
Presentation.
‘Currency Translation Reserve’ relates mainly to the translation of the net assets of foreign subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures of the Group denominated 
mainly in Australian Dollar, Indian Rupee, Indonesian Rupiah, Philippine Peso, Thai Baht and United States Dollar.
‘Other Reserves’ relate mainly to goodwill on acquisitions completed prior to 1 April 2001 and the share of other comprehensive income or loss of the associates 
and joint ventures. 

(2) 

(3) 

(4)  This amount was a reserve for an obligation which arose from a put option written with the non-controlling shareholder of Trustwave Holdings, Inc. (“Trustwave”). 

In May 2018, the put option was exercised for the acquisition of the remaining 2% equity interest in Trustwave. 
(5)  DBS Trustee Limited (the “Trust”) is the trustee of a trust established to administer the performance share plans.

The accompanying notes on pages 147 to 249 form an integral part of these financial statements. 
Independent Auditors’ Report – pages 131 to 136.

143

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

Cash Flows From Operating Activities

Profit before tax

Adjustments for –
  Depreciation and amortisation 
  Share of results of associates and joint ventures 
  Exceptional items (non-cash)

Interest and investment income (net)

  Finance costs 
  Other non-cash items

2019
S$ Mil

2018
S$ Mil

3,745.9

6,154.9

2,222.2
(1,562.7)
(171.7)
(38.1)
392.8
36.3
878.8

2,250.0
(1,804.0)
(1,920.3)
(45.5)
390.2
30.3
(1,099.3)

Operating cash flow before working capital changes

4,624.7

5,055.6

Changes in operating assets and liabilities
Trade and other receivables
Trade and other payables
Inventories

Cash generated from operations

Dividends received from associates and joint ventures
Income tax and withholding tax paid
Payment to employees in cash under performance share plans 

Net cash from operating activities

Cash Flows From Investing Activities

Payment for purchase of property, plant and equipment
Purchase of intangible assets
Investment in associate/ joint venture (Note 1)
Payment for acquisition of subsidiary, net of cash acquired (Note 2)
Payment for acquisition of intangibles and other assets (Note 3)
Investment in FVOCI investments (Note 4)
Proceeds from disposal of subsidiary
Payment for acquisition of non-controlling interests
Proceeds/ Deferred proceeds from disposal of associates and joint venture (Note 5)
Repayment of loan by an associate (Note 5)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment
Proceeds from sale of FVOCI investments 
Interest received
Dividends received from FVOCI investments (net of withholding tax paid)
Withholding tax paid on intra-group interest income

(431.6)
338.8
(33.6)

(139.1)
58.8
(59.1)

4,498.3

4,916.2

1,548.9
(679.5)
(0.1)

1,647.7
(607.8)
(0.9)

5,367.6

5,955.2

(1,718.1)
(216.7)
(2.3)
(5.8)
(123.1)
(436.9)
15.4
(16.1)
14.8
-
160.9
14.8
7.0
0.3
(22.7)

(2,349.0)
(1,124.4)
(540.6)
(336.5)
-
(59.6)
-
-
1,146.4
1,100.5
142.6
77.7
16.4
1.8
(26.0)

Net cash used in investing activities

(2,328.5)

(1,950.7)

The accompanying notes on pages 147 to 249 form an integral part of these financial statements. 
Independent Auditors’ Report – pages 131 to 136.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

144

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

Cash Flows From Financing Activities

Proceeds from term loans
Repayment of term loans
Proceeds from bond issue
Repayment of bonds
Increase in finance lease liabilites
Finance lease payments
  Net proceeds from/ (repayment of) borrowings
Final dividend paid to shareholders of the Company
Interim dividend paid to shareholders of the Company 
Special dividend paid to shareholders of the Company
Net interest paid on borrowings and swaps
Settlement of swaps for bonds repaid
Purchase of performance shares
Dividend paid to non-controlling interests
Others

Net cash used in financing activities

Net change in cash and cash equivalents
Exchange effects on cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year

Note 

2019
S$ Mil

2018
S$ Mil

7,157.1
(6,983.1)
1,177.6
(1,139.1)
44.3
(34.5)
222.3
(1,746.7)
(1,109.9)
-
(385.1)
(6.2)
(25.6)
(5.4)
1.1

6,948.6
(6,726.0)
430.2
(936.4)
18.0
(46.3)
(311.9)
(1,746.6)
(1,110.0)
(489.7)
(379.9)
61.4
(25.0)
(5.4)
(2.1)

(3,055.5)

(4,009.2)

(16.4)
4.2
524.9

(4.7)
(4.2)
533.8

Cash and cash equivalents at end of year

15

512.7

524.9

Note 1: 

Investment in joint venture

Singtel acquired an additional 1.7% equity interest in Bharti Telecom Limited for S$539.4 million in the previous 
financial year. 

Note 2:   Payment for acquisition of subsidiary

(a)  On 28 December 2018, Singtel’s wholly-owned subsidiary, Optus Cyber Security Pty Limited, completed 
the acquisition of 100% of shares in Hivint Pty Limited (“Hivint”), a cyber security consulting company in 
Australia, for S$16.6 million (A$17 million). The fair values of identifiable net assets and the cash outflow on 
the acquisition were as follows –

The accompanying notes on pages 147 to 249 form an integral part of these financial statements. 
Independent Auditors’ Report – pages 131 to 136.

145

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

Note 2:   Payment for acquisition of subsidiary (Cont’d)

Cash and cash equivalents
Trade and other receivables 
Total liabilities

Net assets acquired
Goodwill 

Total cash consideration 
Less: Consideration unpaid as at 31 March 2019
Less: Cash and cash equivalents acquired 

Net outflow of cash 

31 March 2019
S$ Mil

2.2
2.8
(3.5)

1.5
15.1

16.6
(8.6)
(2.2)

5.8

(b) 

The  payment  of  S$336.5  million  in  the  previous  financial  year  was  for  the  acquisition  of  Turn,  Inc.  by 
Amobee, Inc. (“Amobee”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Group. 

Note 3:   Payment for acquisition of intangibles and other assets

On  22 August  2018, Amobee  completed  the  acquisition  of  the  technology  platform,  intellectual  property  and 
certain other assets of Videology, Inc. and its subsidiaries for S$123.1 million (US$90 million). The fair values of 
identifiable net assets and the cash outflow on the acquisition were as follows – 

Identifiable intangible assets
Non-current assets 
Trade and other receivables 
Total liabilities

Net assets acquired
Goodwill 

Net outflow of cash 

Note 4: 

Investment in FVOCI investments 

31 March 2019
S$ Mil

18.8
0.1
11.4
(2.0)

28.3
94.8

123.1

This included a payment of S$344.3 million (US$250 million) for Singtel’s acquisition of 5.7% equity interest in  
Airtel Africa Limited on 24 October 2018. 

Note 5:  Proceeds from disposal of an associate, and repayment of loan by an associate

In the previous financial year, Singtel sold its 100% interest in NetLink Trust to NetLink NBN Trust for an aggregate 
consideration of S$1.89 billion comprising a cash consideration of S$1.11 billion and 24.8% interest in NetLink NBN 
Trust. In addition, a unitholder loan of S$1.10 billion was repaid by NetLink Trust to Singtel.

The accompanying notes on pages 147 to 249 form an integral part of these financial statements. 
Independent Auditors’ Report – pages 131 to 136.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

146

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

These notes form an integral part of and should be read in conjunction with the accompanying financial statements.

1. 

GENERAL

Singtel is domiciled and incorporated in Singapore and is publicly traded on the Singapore Exchange. The address 
of its registered office is 31 Exeter Road, Comcentre, Singapore 239732.

The principal activities of the Company consist of the operation and provision of telecommunications systems and 
services, and investment holding. The principal activities of the significant subsidiaries are disclosed in Note 44.

In Singapore, the Group has the rights to provide fixed national and international telecommunications services to 
31 March 2037, and public cellular mobile telephone services to 31 March 2032. In addition, the Group is licensed to 
offer Internet services and has also obtained frequency spectrum and licence rights to install, operate and maintain 
mobile communication systems and services including wireless broadband systems and services. The Group also 
holds the requisite licence to provide nationwide subscription television services.

In Australia, Optus is granted telecommunication licences under the Telecommunications Act 1991. Pursuant to the 
Telecommunications (Transitional Provisions and Consequential Amendments) Act 1997, the licences continued to 
have effect after the deregulation of telecommunications in Australia in 1997. The licences do not have a finite term, 
but are of continuing operation until cancelled under the Telecommunications Act 1997.

These  financial  statements  were  authorised  and  approved  for  issue  in  accordance  with  a  Directors’  resolution  
dated 14 May 2019.

2. 

SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

2.1 

Basis of Accounting 

For all periods up to and including the financial year ended 31 March 2018, the financial statements were prepared 
in accordance with Financial Reporting Standards in Singapore (“FRS”). With effect from 1 April 2018, the Group 
adopted all applicable new and revised Singapore Financial Reporting Standards (International) (“SFRS(I)”) and 
Interpretations  of  SFRS(I)  on  a  mandatory  basis.  SFRS(I)  are  identical  to  the  International  Financial  Reporting 
Standards (IFRS) as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). 

The new accounting framework and standards have been retrospectively applied to the financial statements for 
the previous financial year ended 31 March 2018 and the opening statement of financial position as at 1 April 2017. 
These  are  the  Group’s  first  set  of  financial  statements  prepared  in  accordance  with  SFRS(I),  of  which  SFRS(I)  1, 
First-time Adoption  of  Singapore  Financial  Reporting  Standards  (International)  has  been  applied. The  adoption 
of SFRS(I) has no material effect on the financial statements prepared under FRS, except for SFRS(I) 1, SFRS(I) 9, 
Financial Instruments, and SFRS(I) 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. The summarised impact of adopting  
SFRS(I) 1, SFRS(I) 9 and SFRS(I) 15 for the previous financial year ended 31 March 2018, and as at 31 March 2018  
and 1 April 2017, are shown in Note 42.

The financial statements have been prepared under the historical cost basis, except as disclosed in the accounting 
policies below, and are drawn up in accordance with the provisions of the Singapore Companies Act and SFRS(I). 
Historical cost is generally based on the fair value of the consideration given in exchange for goods and services.

The  preparation  of  financial  statements  in  conformity  with  SFRS(I)  requires  management  to  make  judgements, 
estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets, 
liabilities, income and expenses. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

147

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.1 

Basis of Accounting (Cont’d)

Estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on an ongoing basis. Revisions to accounting estimates are 
recognised in the period in which the estimates are revised and in any future periods affected.

Critical  accounting  estimates  and  assumptions  used  that  are  significant  to  the  financial  statements,  and  areas 
involving a higher degree of judgement are disclosed in Note 3.

2.2 

Foreign Currencies

2.2.1  Functional and presentation currency 

Items  included  in  the  financial  statements  of  each  entity  in  the  Group  are  measured  using  the  currency  of  the 
primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the “functional currency”). The statement of financial 
position and statement of changes in equity of the Company and consolidated financial statements of the Group 
are  presented  in  Singapore  Dollar,  which  is  the  functional  and  presentation  currency  of  the  Company  and  the 
presentation currency of the Group. 

2.2.2  Transactions and balances

Transactions in a currency other than the functional currency (“foreign currency”) are translated into the functional 
currency at the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transactions. Monetary assets and liabilities denominated 
in foreign currencies at the end of the reporting period are translated at exchange rates ruling at that date. Foreign 
exchange differences arising from translation are recognised in the income statement. 

2.2.3  Translation of foreign operations’ financial statements

In  the  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial  statements,  the  assets  and  liabilities  of  foreign  operations  are 
translated to Singapore Dollar at exchange rates ruling at the end of the reporting period except for share capital 
and reserves which are translated at historical rates of exchange (see below for translation of goodwill and fair 
value adjustments). 

Income  and  expenses  in  the  consolidated  income  statement  are  translated  using  either  the  average  exchange 
rates for the month or year, which approximate the exchange rates at the dates of the transactions. All resulting 
translation differences are taken directly to ‘Other Comprehensive Income’.

On loss of control of a subsidiary, loss of significant influence of an associate or loss of joint control of a joint venture, 
the  accumulated  translation  differences  relating  to  that  foreign  operation  are  reclassified  from  equity  to  the 
consolidated income statement as part of gain or loss on disposal. 

On partial disposal where there is no loss of control of a subsidiary, the accumulated translation differences relating 
to  the  disposal  are  reclassified  to  non-controlling  interests.  For  partial  disposals  of  associates  or  joint  ventures, 
the  proportionate  accumulated  translation  differences  relating  to  the  disposal  are  taken  to  the  consolidated  
income statement.

2.2.4  Translation of goodwill and fair value adjustments

Goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the acquisition of foreign entities completed on or after 1 April 2005 
are treated as assets and liabilities of the foreign entities and are recorded in the functional currencies of the foreign 
entities and translated at the exchange rates prevailing at the end of the reporting period. However, for acquisitions 
of foreign entities completed prior to 1 April 2005, goodwill and fair value adjustments continue to be recorded at the 
exchange rates at the respective dates of the acquisitions.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

148

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.2.5  Net investment in a foreign entity 

The exchange differences on loans from the Company to its subsidiaries, associates or joint ventures which form 
part  of  the  Company’s  net  investment  in  the  subsidiaries,  associates  or  joint  ventures  are  included  in  ‘Currency 
Translation Reserve’ in the consolidated financial statements. On disposal of the foreign entity, the accumulated 
exchange  differences  deferred  in  the  ‘Currency Translation  Reserve’  are  reclassified  to  the  consolidated  income 
statement in a similar manner as described in Note 2.2.3. 

2.3 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

For the purpose of the consolidated statement of cash flows, cash and cash equivalents comprise cash on hand, 
balances with banks and fixed deposits with original maturity of mainly three months or less, net of bank overdrafts 
which are repayable on demand and which form an integral part of the Group’s cash management. 

Bank overdrafts are included under borrowings in the statement of financial position.

2.4 

 Contract Assets

Where revenue recognised for a customer contract exceeds the amount received or receivable from a customer, a 
contract asset is recognised. Contract assets arise from bundled telecommunications contracts where equipment 
delivered at a point in time are bundled with services delivered over time. Contract assets also arise from information 
technology contracts where performance obligations are delivered over time (see Note 2.23). Contract assets are 
transferred to trade receivables when the consideration for performance obligations are billed. Contract assets are 
included in ‘Trade and other receivables’ under current assets as they are expected to be realised in the normal 
operating cycle. Contract assets are subject to impairment review for credit risk in accordance with the expected 
loss model.

2.5 

Trade and Other Receivables

Trade  and  other  receivables,  including  contract  assets  and  receivables  from  subsidiaries,  associates  and  joint 
ventures, are initially recognised at fair values and subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective 
interest method, less an allowance for expected credit loss (“ECL”). 

The  Group  applied  the  ‘simplified  approach’  for  determining  the  allowance  for  ECL  for  trade  receivables  and 
contract  assets,  where  lifetime  ECL  are  recognised  in  the  income  statement  at  initial  recognition  of  receivables 
and  updated  at  each  reporting  date.  Lifetime  ECL  represents  the  expected  credit  losses  that  will  result  from  all 
possible default events over the expected life of the receivable. When determining the allowance for ECL, the Group 
considers reasonable and supportable information that is relevant and available for customer types. This includes 
both  qualitative  and  quantitative  information  based  on  the  Group’s  historical  experience  and  forward  looking 
information such as general economic factors as applicable. Loss events include financial difficulty or bankruptcy of 
the debtor, significant delay in payments and breaches of contracts. 

Trade and other receivables are written off against the allowance for ECL when there is no reasonable expectation 
of recovery. Subsequent recoveries of amounts previously written off are recognised in the income statement.

2.6 

Inventories

Inventories are stated at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Cost is determined on the weighted average 
basis. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business, less the estimated cost of 
completion and selling expenses.

149

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.7 

Contract Liabilities

Where the amounts received or receivable from customers exceed the revenues recognised for contracts, contract 
liabilities or advance billings are recognised in the statement of financial position. Contract liabilities or advance 
billings are recognised as revenues when services are provided to customers.

2.8 

Trade and Other Payables

Trade and other payables are initially recognised at fair value and subsequently measured at amortised cost using 
the effective interest method. 

2.9 

Borrowings

Borrowings are initially recognised at fair value of the consideration received less directly attributable transaction 
costs. After  initial  recognition,  borrowings  are  subsequently  stated  at  amortised  cost  using  the  effective  interest 
method. 

2.10  Provisions

A provision is recognised when there is a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of past events, it is 
probable  that  an  outflow  of  resources  embodying  economic  benefits  will  be  required  to  settle  the  obligation,  
and  a  reliable  estimate  can  be  made  of  the  amount  of  the  obligation.  No  provision  is  recognised  for  future  
operating losses. 

For information technology contracts, a provision for expected project loss is made when it is probable that total 
contract costs will exceed total contract revenue.

Provisions are reviewed at the end of each reporting period and adjusted to reflect the current best estimate.

2.11  Contingencies

A contingent liability is a possible obligation that arises from past events and whose existence will be confirmed 
only by the occurrence or non-occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not wholly within the control of 
the Group; or a present obligation that arises from past events but is not recognised because it is not probable that 
an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation; or the amount of the 
obligation cannot be measured with sufficient reliability.

Contingent liabilities are not recognised on the statement of financial position of the Group, except for contingent 
liabilities  assumed  in  a  business  combination  that  are  present  obligations  and  for  which  fair  values  can  be  
reliably determined.

2.12  Group Accounting

The  accounting  policy  for  investments  in  subsidiaries,  associates  and  joint  ventures  in  the  Company’s  financial 
statements is stated in Note 2.13. The Group’s accounting policy on goodwill is stated in Note 2.19.1.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

150

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.12.1  Subsidiaries

Subsidiaries are entities (including structured entities) controlled by the Group. Control exists when the Group has 
power  over  the  entity,  is  exposed,  or  has  rights,  to  variable  returns  from  its  involvement  with  the  entity  and  has 
the ability to affect those returns by using its power over the entity. Power is demonstrated through existing rights 
that give the Group the ability to direct activities that significantly affect the entity’s returns. The Group reassesses 
whether or not it controls an investee if facts and circumstances indicate that there are changes to one or more of 
the elements of control listed above. Subsidiaries are consolidated from the date that control commences until the 
date that control ceases. All significant inter-company balances and transactions are eliminated on consolidation.

2.12.2  Associates 

Associates are entities over which the Group has significant influence. Significant influence is the power to participate 
in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee but is not control or joint control over those policies. 

Investments in associates are accounted for in the consolidated financial statements using the equity method of 
accounting. Equity accounting involves recording the investment in associates initially at cost, and recognising the 
Group’s share of the post-acquisition results of associates in the consolidated income statement, and the Group’s 
share of post-acquisition reserve movements in reserves. The cumulative post-acquisition movements are adjusted 
against the carrying amount of the investments in the consolidated statement of financial position. 

Where the Group’s interest in an associate reduces as a result of a deemed disposal, any gain or loss arising as a 
result of the deemed disposal is taken to the consolidated income statement.

Where the Group increases its interest in its existing associate and it remains as an associate, the incremental cost of 
investment is added to the existing carrying amount without considering the fair value of the associate’s identifiable 
assets and liabilities.

In  the  consolidated  statement  of  financial  position,  investments  in  associates  include  goodwill  on  acquisition 
identified  on  acquisitions  completed  on  or  after  1 April  2001,  net  of  accumulated  impairment  losses.  Goodwill  is 
assessed for impairment as part of the investment in associates.

When the Group’s share of losses in an associate equals or exceeds its interest in the associate, including loans that 
are in fact extensions of the Group’s investment, the Group does not recognise further losses, unless it has incurred 
or guaranteed obligations in respect of the associate.

Unrealised gains resulting from transactions with associates are eliminated to the extent of the Group’s interest in 
the associate. Unrealised losses are eliminated in the same way as unrealised gains, but only to the extent that there 
is no evidence of impairment.

2.12.3  Joint ventures

Joint  ventures  are  joint  arrangements  whereby  the  parties  that  have  joint  control  of  the  arrangement  have  
rights  to  the  net  assets  of  the  joint  arrangements.  Joint  control  is  the  contractually  agreed  sharing  of  control  of 
an arrangement, which exists only when decisions about the relevant activities require unanimous consent of the 
parties sharing the control. 

The  Group’s  interest  in  joint  ventures  is  accounted  for  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  using  the  equity 
method of accounting.

Where the Group’s interest in a joint venture reduces as a result of a deemed disposal, any gain or loss arising as a 
result of the deemed disposal is taken to the consolidated income statement.

151

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.12.3  Joint ventures (Cont’d)

Where the Group increases its interest in its existing joint venture and it remains as a joint venture, the incremental 
cost of investment is added to the existing carrying amount without considering the fair value of the joint venture’s 
identifiable assets and liabilities.

In  the  consolidated  statement  of  financial  position,  investments  in  joint  ventures  include  goodwill  on  acquisition 
identified  on  acquisitions  completed  on  or  after  1 April  2001,  net  of  accumulated  impairment  losses.  Goodwill  is 
assessed for impairment as part of the investment in joint ventures.

The Group’s interest in its unincorporated joint operations is accounted for by recognising the Group’s assets and 
liabilities from the joint operations, as well as expenses incurred by the Group and the Group’s share of income 
earned from the joint operations, in the consolidated financial statements.

Unrealised gains resulting from transactions with joint ventures are eliminated to the extent of the Group’s interest 
in the joint venture. Unrealised losses are eliminated in the same way as unrealised gains, but only to the extent that 
there is no evidence of impairment.

2.12.4  Dividends from associates and joint ventures 

Dividends are recognised when the Group’s rights to receive payment have been established. Dividends received 
from  an  associate  or  joint  venture  in  excess  of  the  Group’s  carrying  value  of  the  equity  accounted  investee  are 
recognised  as  dividend  income  in  the  consolidated  income  statement  where  there  is  no  legal  or  constructive 
obligation to refund the dividend nor is there any commitment to provide financial support to the investee. Equity 
accounting is then suspended until the investee has made sufficient profits to cover the income previously recognised 
for the excess cash distributions. 

2.12.5  Structured entity

The  Trust  has  been  consolidated  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements  under  SFRS(I)  10,  Consolidated  
Financial Statements.

2.12.6  Business combinations

Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method on and after 1 April 2010. The consideration 
for each acquisition is measured at the aggregate of the fair values of assets given, liabilities incurred and equity 
interests  issued  by  the  Group  and  any  contingent  consideration  arrangement  at  acquisition  date.  Acquisition-
related costs, other than those associated with the issue of debt or equity, are expensed as incurred. 

Any  contingent  consideration  payable  is  recognised  at  fair  value  at  the  acquisition  date.  If  the  contingent 
consideration is classified as equity, it is not re-measured and settlement is accounted for within equity. Otherwise, 
subsequent changes to the fair value of the contingent consideration are recognised in the consolidated income 
statement.

For  business  combinations  that  are  achieved  in  stages,  any  existing  equity  interests  in  the  acquiree  entity  
are  re-measured  to  their  fair  values  at  acquisition  date  and  any  changes  are  taken  to  the  consolidated  
income statement.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

152

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.12.6  Business combinations (Cont’d)

Non-controlling  interests  in  subsidiaries  represent  the  equity  in  subsidiaries  which  are  not  attributable,  directly 
or  indirectly,  to  the  shareholders  of  the  Company,  and  are  presented  separately  in  the  consolidated  statement  
of  comprehensive  income,  consolidated  statement  of  changes  in  equity  and  within  equity  in  the  consolidated 
statement of financial position. The Group elects for each individual business combination whether non-controlling 
interests  in  the  acquiree  entity  are  recognised  at  fair  value,  or  at  the  non-controlling  interests’  proportionate  
share of the fair value of the acquiree entity’s identifiable net assets, at the acquisition date. 

Total  comprehensive  income  is  attributed  to  non-controlling  interests  based  on  their  respective  interests  in  a 
subsidiary, even if this results in the non-controlling interests having a debit balance. 

Changes  in  the  Group’s  interest  in  subsidiaries  that  do  not  result  in  loss  of  control  are  accounted  for  as  
equity transactions. 

When the Group loses control of a subsidiary, any interest retained in the former subsidiary is recorded at fair value 
with the re-measurement gain or loss recognised in the consolidated income statement. 

2.13 

Investments in Subsidiaries, Associates and Joint Ventures 

In the Company’s statement of financial position, investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures, including 
loans that meet the definition of equity instruments, are stated at cost less accumulated impairment losses. Where 
an indication of impairment exists, the carrying amount of the investment is assessed and written down immediately 
to its recoverable value. On disposal of investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures, the difference 
between the net disposal proceeds and the carrying amount of the investment is recognised in the income statement 
of the Company.

2.14  Fair Value Through Other Comprehensive Income (“FVOCI”) investments

On initial recognition, the Group has made an irrevocable election to designate all equity investments (other than 
investments in subsidiaries, associates or joint ventures) as FVOCI investments as these are strategic investments 
held  for  the  long  term.  They  are  initially  recognised  at  fair  value  plus  directly  attributable  transaction  costs, 
with  subsequent  changes  in  fair  value  and  translation  differences  recognised  in  ‘Other  Comprehensive  Income’ 
and  accumulated  within  ‘Fair  Value  Reserve’  in  equity.  Upon  disposal,  the  gain  or  loss  accumulated  in  equity  is 
transferred to retained earnings and is not reclassified to the income statement. Dividends are recognised in the 
income statement when the Group’s right to receive payments is established. 

Purchases and sales of investments are recognised on trade date, which is the date that the Group commits to 
purchase or sell the investment.

2.15  Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities

The Group enters into the following derivative financial instruments to hedge its risks, namely –

Cross currency swaps and interest rate swaps as fair value hedges for interest rate risk and cash flow hedges 
for currency risk arising from the Group’s issued bonds. The swaps involve the exchange of principal and 
floating  or  fixed  interest  receipts  in  the  foreign  currency  in  which  the  issued  bonds  are  denominated,  for 
principal and floating or fixed interest payments in the entities’ functional currencies.

Forward  foreign  exchange  contracts  as  cash  flow  hedges  for  the  Group’s  exposure  to  foreign  currency 
exchange risks arising from forecasted or committed expenditure.

153

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.15  Derivative Financial Instruments and Hedging Activities (Cont’d)

Derivative financial instruments are initially recognised at fair value on the date the derivative contract is entered 
into and are subsequently re-measured at their fair values at the end of each reporting period. 

A derivative financial instrument is carried as an asset when the fair value is positive and as a liability when the fair 
value is negative.

Any gains or losses arising from changes in fair value are recognised immediately in the income statement, unless 
they qualify for hedge accounting.

2.15.1  Hedge accounting

At the inception of the hedge relationship, the Group documents the relationship between the hedging instrument 
and  the  hedged  item,  along  with  the  risk  management  objectives  and  strategy  for  undertaking  various  hedge 
transactions.  At  inception  and  on  an  ongoing  basis,  the  Group  documents  whether  the  hedging  instrument  is 
effective in offsetting the changes in fair values or cash flows of the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk. To 
be effective, the hedging relationships are to meet all of the following requirements:

(i) 

there is an economic relationship between the hedged item and the hedging instrument;

(ii) 

(iii) 

the effect of credit risk does not dominate the fair value changes that result from that economic relationship; 
and

the hedge ratio of the hedging relationship is the same as that resulting from the quantity of the hedged item 
that the Group hedges and the quantity of the hedging instrument that the Group uses to hedge that quantity 
of the hedged item. 

If a hedging relationship ceases to meet the hedge effectiveness requirement relating to the hedge ratio but the risk 
management objective for that designated hedging relationship remains the same, the Group adjusts the hedge 
ratio of the hedging relationship (i.e. rebalances the hedge) so that it meets the qualifying criteria again.

The Group designates the full change in the fair value of a forward currency contract (i.e. including the forwards 
elements) as the hedged risk for all its hedging relationships involving forward currency contracts.

Note 18.1 sets out the details of the fair values of the derivative instruments used for hedging purposes.

Fair value hedge

Designated  derivative  financial  instruments  that  qualify  for  fair  value  hedge  accounting  are  initially  recognised 
at fair value on the date that the contract is entered into. Changes in fair value of derivatives are recorded in the 
income  statement  together  with  any  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  hedged  items  that  are  attributable  to  the 
hedged risks. 

Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no 
longer qualifies for hedge accounting. The adjustment to the carrying amount of the hedged item arising from the 
hedged risk is amortised in the income statement from that date. 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

154

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.15.1  Hedge accounting (Cont’d)

Cash flow hedge 

The  effective  portion  of  changes  in  the  fair  value  of  the  designated  derivative  financial  instruments  that  qualify 
as cash flow hedges are recognised in ‘Other Comprehensive Income’. The gain or loss relating to the ineffective 
portion is recognised immediately in the income statement. Amounts accumulated in the ‘Hedging Reserve’ within 
equity are transferred to the income statement in the periods when the hedged items affect the income statement.

However, when the hedged forecast transaction results in the recognition of a non-financial asset or a non-financial 
liability, the gain or loss previously recognised in ‘Other Comprehensive Income’ and accumulated in equity are 
removed from equity and included in the initial measurement of the cost of the non-financial asset or non-financial 
liability. This transfer does not affect ‘Other Comprehensive Income’. Furthermore, if the Group expects some or all the 
loss accumulated in ‘Other Comprehensive Income’ will not be recovered in the future, that amount is immediately 
reclassified to the income statement. 

Hedge accounting is discontinued when the hedging instrument expires or is sold, terminated, or exercised, or no 
longer qualifies for hedge accounting. Any cumulative gain or loss deferred in equity at that time remains in equity 
and is transferred to the income statement when the forecast transaction is recognised in the income statement. 
When a forecast transaction is no longer expected to occur, the cumulative gain or loss that was deferred in equity 
is recognised immediately in the income statement.

2.16  Fair Value Estimation of Financial Instruments

Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction 
between market participants at the measurement date, regardless of whether that price is directly observable or 
estimated using another valuation technique. In estimating the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Group takes 
into account the characteristics of the asset or liability which market participants would take into account when 
pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date. 

The following methods and assumptions are used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instrument –

Bank balances, receivables and payables, current borrowings

The carrying amounts approximate fair values due to the relatively short maturity of these instruments.

Quoted and unquoted investments

The fair values of investments traded in active markets are based on the market quoted price or the price quoted by 
the market maker at the close of business at the end of the reporting period. 

The fair values of unquoted investments are determined primarily using recent arm’s length transactions.

Cross currency and interest rate swaps

The fair value of a cross currency or an interest rate swap is the estimated amount that the swap contract can be 
exchanged for or settled with under normal market conditions. This fair value can be estimated using the discounted 
cash flow method where the future cash flows of the swap contract are discounted at the prevailing market foreign 
exchange rates and interest rates. Market interest rates are actively quoted interest rates or interest rates computed 
by applying techniques to these actively quoted interest rates.

155

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.16  Fair Value Estimation of Financial Instruments (Cont’d)

Forward foreign currency contracts

The  fair  value  of  forward  foreign  exchange  contracts  is  determined  using  forward  exchange  market  rates  for 
contracts with similar maturity profiles at the end of the reporting period.

Non-current borrowings

For disclosure purposes, the fair values of non-current borrowings which are traded in active markets are based on 
the quoted market ask price. For other non-current borrowings, the fair values are based on valuations provided by 
service providers or estimated by discounting the future contractual cash flows using discount rates based on the 
borrowing rates which the Group expects would be available at the end of the reporting period.

2.17 

Financial Guarantee Contracts

Financial guarantees issued by the Company prior to 1 April 2010 are recorded initially at fair values plus transaction 
costs and amortised in the income statement over the period of the guarantee. Financial guarantees issued by the 
Company on or after 1 April 2010 are directly charged to the subsidiary as guarantee fees based on fair values.

2.18  Property, Plant and Equipment

Property,  plant  and  equipment  are  stated  at  cost  less  accumulated  depreciation  and  accumulated  impairment 
losses, where applicable. The cost of self-constructed assets includes the cost of material, direct labour, capitalised 
borrowing costs and an appropriate proportion of production overheads.

Depreciation is calculated on a straight-line basis to write off the cost of the property, plant and equipment over its 
expected useful life. Property, plant and equipment under finance lease is depreciated over the shorter of the lease 
term or useful life. 

The estimated useful lives are as follows –

Buildings
Transmission plant and equipment
Switching equipment
Other plant and equipment

No. of years

5 - 40
5 - 25
3 - 15
2 - 20

Other  plant  and  equipment  consist  mainly  of  finance-leased  handsets,  motor  vehicles,  office  equipment,  and 
furniture and fittings.

No  depreciation  is  provided  on  freehold  land,  long-term  leasehold  land  with  a  remaining  lease  period  of  more 
than 100 years and capital work-in-progress. Leasehold land with a remaining lease period of 100 years or less is 
depreciated in equal instalments over its remaining lease period.

In respect of capital work-in-progress, assets are depreciated from the month the asset is completed and ready  
for use.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

156

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.18  Property, Plant and Equipment (Cont’d)

Costs of computer software which are an integral part of the related hardware are capitalised and recognised as 
assets and included in property, plant and equipment when it is probable that the costs will generate economic 
benefits beyond one year and the costs are associated with identifiable software products which can be reliably 
measured by the Group.

The cost of property, plant and equipment includes expenditure that is directly attributable to the acquisition of the 
items. Dismantlement, removal or restoration costs are included as part of the cost if the obligation for dismantlement, 
removal or restoration is incurred as a consequence of acquiring or using the asset. Costs may also include transfers 
from equity of any gains or losses on qualifying cash flow hedges of foreign currency purchases of property, plant 
and equipment. Subsequent expenditure is included in the carrying amount of an asset when it is probable that 
future economic benefits, in excess of the originally assessed standard of performance of the existing asset, will flow 
to the Group.

The residual values and useful lives of property, plant and equipment are reviewed, and adjusted as appropriate, at 
the end of each reporting period. 

On disposal of property, plant and equipment, the difference between the disposal proceeds and its carrying value 
is taken to the income statement.

2.19 

Intangible Assets

2.19.1  Goodwill

Goodwill on acquisition of subsidiaries on and after 1 April 2010 represents the excess of the consideration transferred, 
the  recognised  amount  of  any  non-controlling  interest  in  the  acquiree  entity  and  the  fair  value  of  any  previous 
equity interest in the acquiree entity over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired, including contingent 
liabilities, at the acquisition date. Such goodwill is recognised separately as intangible asset and stated at cost less 
accumulated impairment losses.

Acquisitions completed prior to 1 April 2001

Goodwill  on  acquisitions  of  subsidiaries,  associates  and  joint  ventures  completed  prior  to  1 April  2001  had  been 
adjusted  in  full  against  ‘Other  Reserves’  within  equity.  Such  goodwill  has  not  been  retrospectively  capitalised  
and amortised.

The Group also had acquisitions where the costs of acquisition were less than the fair value of identifiable net assets 
acquired. Such differences (negative goodwill) were adjusted against ‘Other Reserves’ in the year of acquisition.

Goodwill which has been previously taken to ‘Other Reserves’, is not taken to the consolidated income statement 
when the entity is disposed of or when the goodwill is impaired.

Acquisitions completed on or after 1 April 2001

Prior to 1 April 2004, goodwill on acquisitions of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures completed on or after 
1 April 2001 was capitalised and amortised on a straight-line basis in the consolidated income statement over its 
estimated useful life of up to 20 years. In addition, goodwill was assessed for indications of impairment at the end of 
each reporting period.

157

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.19.1  Goodwill (Cont’d)

Since 1 April 2004, goodwill is no longer amortised but is tested annually for impairment or whenever there is an 
indication of impairment (see Note 2.20). The accumulated amortisation for goodwill as at 1 April 2004 had been 
eliminated with a corresponding decrease in the capitalised goodwill.

A bargain purchase gain is recognised directly in the consolidated income statement.

Gains or losses on disposal of subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures include the carrying amount of capitalised 
goodwill relating to the entity sold.

2.19.2  Other intangible assets

Expenditure  on  telecommunication  and  spectrum  licences  are  capitalised  and  amortised  using  the  straight-line 
method over their estimated useful lives of 11 to 16 years. 

Other  intangible  assets  which  are  acquired  in  business  combinations  are  carried  at  fair  values  at  the  date  of 
acquisition, and amortised on a straight-line basis over the period of the expected benefits. Customer relationships 
or customer contracts, brand, and technology have estimated useful lives of 4 to 10 years. Other intangible assets 
are stated at cost less accumulated amortisation and accumulated impairment losses. 

2.20 

Impairment of Non-Financial Assets

Goodwill  on  acquisition  of  subsidiaries  is  subject  to  an  annual  impairment  test  or  is  more  frequently  tested  for 
impairment  if  events  or  changes  in  circumstances  indicate  that  it  might  be  impaired.  Goodwill  is  not  amortised  
(see Note 2.19.1).

Other  intangible  assets  of  the  Group,  which  have  finite  useful  lives  and  are  subject  to  amortisation,  as  well  as 
property, plant and equipment and investments in subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures, are reviewed at the 
end of each reporting period to determine whether there is any indicator for impairment, or whenever events or 
changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable. If any such indication exists, 
the assets’ recoverable amounts are estimated. 

For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately 
identifiable cash flows (cash-generating units).

An  impairment  loss  is  recognised  for  the  amount  by  which  the  asset’s  carrying  amount  exceeds  its  recoverable 
amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of the asset’s fair value less costs to sell and its value-in-use. 

An impairment loss for an asset, other than goodwill on acquisition of subsidiaries, is reversed if, and only if, there 
has been a change in the estimates used to determine the asset’s recoverable amount since the last impairment loss 
was recognised. Impairment loss on goodwill on acquisition of subsidiaries is not reversed.

2.21  Non-current Assets (or Disposal Groups) Held For Sale

Non-current assets (or disposal groups) are classified as assets held for sale and stated at the lower of their carrying 
amounts and fair value less costs to sell if their carrying amounts are recovered principally through sale transactions 
rather than through continuing use. 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

158

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.22  Share Capital

Ordinary shares are classified as equity. Incremental costs directly attributable to the issuance of new equity shares 
are taken to equity as a deduction, net of tax, from the proceeds. 

When the Company purchases its own equity share capital, the consideration paid, including any directly attributable 
costs,  is  recognised  as  ‘Treasury  Shares’  within  equity. When  the  shares  are  subsequently  disposed,  the  realised 
gains or losses on disposal of the treasury shares are included in ‘Other Reserves’ of the Company.

The  Trust  acquires  shares  in  the  Company  from  the  open  market  for  delivery  to  employees  upon  vesting  of 
performance shares awarded under Singtel performance share plans. Such shares are designated as ‘Treasury 
Shares’. In the consolidated financial statements, the cost of unvested shares, including directly attributable costs, is 
recognised as ‘Treasury Shares’ within equity. 

Upon vesting of the performance shares, the weighted average costs of the shares delivered to employees, whether 
held by the Company or the Trust, are transferred to ‘Capital Reserve’ within equity in the financial statements.

2.23  Revenue Recognition

Revenue is recognised when the Group satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of a promised 
good  or  service  to  the  customer.  It  is  measured  based  on  the  amount  of  the  transaction  price  allocated  to  the 
satisfied  performance  obligation,  and  are  net  of  goods  and  services  tax,  rebates,  discounts  and  sales  within  
the Group.

Revenue  from  service  contracts  (e.g.  telecommunications  or  pay  TV)  are  recognised  ratably  over  the  contract  
periods  as  control  over  the  services  passes  to  the  customers  as  services  are  provided.  Service  revenue  is  also 
recognised based on usage (e.g. minutes of traffic/ bytes of data).

For prepaid cards which have been sold, revenue is recognised based on usage. A contract liability is recognised for 
advance payments received from customers where services have not been rendered as at the end of the reporting 
period. Expenses directly attributable to the unearned revenue are deferred until the revenue is recognised.

Revenue from the sale of equipment (primarily handsets and accessories) is recognised upon the transfer of control 
to the customer or third party dealer which generally coincides with delivery and acceptance of the equipment sold. 

Goods and services deliverable under bundled telecommunication contracts are identified as separate performance 
obligations to the extent that the customer can benefit from the goods or services on their own. The transaction 
price  is  allocated  between  goods  and  services  based  on  their  relative  standalone  selling  prices.  Standalone 
selling  prices  are  determined  by  assessing  prices  paid  for  standalone  equipment  and  for  service-only  contracts 
(e.g. arrangements where customers bring their own equipment). Where standalone selling prices are not directly 
observable, estimation techniques are used. 

Contracts with customers generally do not include a material right. In cases where material rights are granted such 
as the award of mobile price plan discount vouchers, a portion of the transaction price is deferred as a contract 
liability  (see  Note  2.7)  and  is  not  recognised  as  revenue  until  this  additional  performance  obligation  has  been 
satisfied or has lapsed.

Incentives given to customers are recognised as a reduction from revenue in accordance with the specific terms  
and conditions of each contract.

159

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.23  Revenue Recognition (Cont’d)

Non-refundable, upfront service activation and setup fees associated with service arrangements are deferred and 
recognised over the associated service contract period or customer life.

The Group may exchange network capacity with other capacity or service providers. The exchange is regarded as a 
transaction which generates revenue unless the transaction lacks commercial substance or the fair value of neither 
the capacity received nor the capacity given up is reliably measurable. 

When the Group has control of goods or services prior to delivery to a customer, the Group is the principal in the sale 
to the customer. If another party has control of goods and services prior to transfer to a customer, then the Group is 
acting as an agent for the other party and revenue is recognised net of any related payments. The Group typically 
acts as an agent for digital mobile content such as music and video.

For information technology projects, revenue is recognised over time based on the cost-to-cost method, i.e. based 
on  the  proportion  of  contract  costs  incurred  for  work  performed  to  date  relative  to  the  estimated  total  contract 
costs,  while  invoicing  is  typically  based  on  milestones.  A  contract  asset  is  recognised  for  work  performed.  Any 
amount previously recognised as a contract asset is transferred to trade receivable upon invoicing to the customer.  
If the milestone payment exceeds the revenue recognised to date, then the Group recognises a contract liability  
for the difference.

Revenues from sale of perpetual software licences and the related hardware are recognised when title passes to  
the customer, generally upon delivery.

Revenues from digital advertising services and solutions are recognised when advertising services are delivered, 
and when digital advertising impressions are delivered or click-throughs occur. Revenue from sale of advertising 
space is recognised when the advertising space is filled and sold to customers. The Group is generally the principal 
in transactions carried out through Amobee’s advertising platforms and therefore reports gross revenue based on 
the amount billed to customers.

Dividend income is recorded gross in the income statement when the right to receive payment is established.

Interest income is recognised on a time proportion basis using the effective interest method.

Revenue recognition for leases is described in Note 2.24.2. 

2.24  Leases

2.24.1  Where the Group is the lessee

Operating leases

Leases where substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership are not transferred to the Group are classified as 
operating leases. Operating lease payments are recognised as operating expenses in the income statement on a 
straight-line basis over the lease term. 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

160

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.24.1  Where the Group is the lessee (Cont’d)

Finance leases

Finance  leases  are  those  leasing  agreements  which  effectively  transfer  substantially  all  the  risks  and  benefits 
incidental to ownership of the leased items to the Group. Assets financed under such leases are treated as if they  
had been purchased outright at the lower of fair value and present value of the minimum lease payments. The 
liabilities  to  the  lessor  are  recognised  as  finance  lease  obligations  in  the  statement  of  financial  position.  Lease 
payments  are  apportioned  between  finance  expenses  and  reduction  of  the  lease  liability  to  achieve  a  constant 
periodic rate of interest on the remaining balance of the liability.

2.24.2 Where the Group is the lessor

Operating leases

Leases where the Group retains substantially all the risks and rewards of ownership of the assets are classified as 
operating leases. 

Income from operating leases are recognised on a straight-line basis over the lease terms as the entitlement to the 
fees accrues. The leased assets are included in the statement of financial position as property, plant and equipment.

Finance leases

Leases of assets where substantially all the risks and rewards incidental to ownership of the assets are transferred 
by the Group to the lessees are classified as finance leases. Receivables under finance leases are presented in the 
statement of financial position at an amount equal to the net investment in the leases and the leased assets are 
derecognised. Finance income is allocated using a constant periodic rate of return on the net investment over the 
lease term.

Sales of network capacity are accounted as finance leases where –

(i) 
(ii) 
(iii) 
(iv) 
(v) 

the purchaser’s right of use is exclusive and irrevocable;
the asset is specific and separable;
the terms of the contract are for the major part of the asset’s economic useful life;
the attributable costs or carrying value can be measured reliably; and
no significant risks are retained by the Group.

2.24.3 Gains or losses from sale and leaseback

Gains on sale and leaseback transactions resulting in finance leases are deferred and amortised over the lease term 
on a straight-line basis, while losses are recognised immediately in the income statement. 

Gains and losses on sale and leaseback transactions established at fair value which resulted in operating leases are 
recognised immediately in the income statement.

2.25  Contract Costs

Sales commission and the costs of customer premise equipment directly attributable to obtaining and fulfilling a 
customer’s contract are capitalised in the statement of financial position and amortised as operating expenses over 
the contract period or expected customer relationship period. 

161

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.25  Contract Costs (Cont’d)

Costs to obtain contracts in the form of handset subsidies given to mobile customers via indirect channels are also 
capitalised in the statement of financial position but are amortised as a reduction of mobile service revenue over the 
contract period or expected customer relationship period. The contract period or expected customer relationship 
period typically ranges from 1 year to 2 years. 

Capitalised contract costs are included in ‘Other Assets’ under non-current assets. 

2.26  Employees’ Benefits

2.26.1  Defined contribution plans

Defined  contribution  plans  are  post-employment  benefit  plans  under  which  the  Group  pays  fixed  contributions 
into  separate  entities  such  as  the  Central  Provident  Fund. The  Group  has  no  legal  or  constructive  obligation  to 
pay further contributions if any of the funds do not hold sufficient assets to pay all employee benefits relating to 
employee services in the current and preceding financial years.

The Group’s contributions to the defined contribution plans are recognised in the income statement as expenses in 
the financial year to which they relate.

2.26.2 Employees’ leave entitlements

Employees’ entitlements to annual leave and long service leave are recognised when they accrue to employees.  
A provision is made for the estimated liability of annual leave and long service leave as a result of services rendered 
by employees up to the end of the reporting period.

2.26.3 Share-based compensation

Performance shares and share options
The performance share plans of the Group are accounted for either as equity-settled share-based payments or 
cash-settled share-based payments. The share option plans of the subsidiaries are accounted for as equity-settled 
share-based payments. 

Equity-settled share-based payments are measured at fair value at the date of grant, whereas cash-settled share-
based payments are measured at current fair value at the end of each reporting period. The share-based payment 
expense is amortised and recognised in the income statement on a straight-line basis over the vesting period. 

At the end of each reporting period, the Group revises its estimates of the number of equity instruments that the 
participants are expected to receive based on non-market vesting conditions. The difference is charged or credited 
to the income statement, with a corresponding adjustment to equity or liability for equity-settled and cash-settled 
share-based payments respectively.

The  dilutive  effects  of  the  Singtel  performance  share  plans  are  reflected  as  additional  share  dilution  in  the 
computation of diluted earnings per share.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

162

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.27  Borrowing Costs

Borrowing costs comprise interest, amortisation of discounts or premiums relating to borrowings, amortisation of 
ancillary  costs  incurred  in  arranging  the  borrowings,  and  finance  lease  charges.  Borrowing  costs  are  generally 
expensed as incurred, except to the extent that they are capitalised if they are directly attributable to the acquisition, 
construction, or production of a qualifying asset.

2.28  Pre-incorporation Expenses

Pre-incorporation expenses are expensed as incurred.

2.29  Government Grants

Grants in recognition of specific expenses are recognised in the income statement over the periods necessary to 
match them with the relevant expenses they are intended to compensate. Grants related to depreciable assets are 
deferred and recognised in the income statement over the period in which such assets are depreciated and used in 
the projects subsidised by the grants.

2.30 

Income Tax

Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. Current tax and deferred tax are recognised in the income 
statement except to the extent that it relates to a business combination, or items recognised directly in equity or in 
‘Other Comprehensive Income’.

The current tax is based on taxable profit for the year. Taxable profit differs from profit as reported in the income 
statement as it excludes items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other years and it further 
excludes items that are not taxable or tax deductible. The Group’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax 
rates  (and  tax  laws)  that  have  been  enacted  or  substantively  enacted  in  countries  where  the  Company  and  its 
subsidiaries operate, at the end of the reporting period.

Deferred taxation is provided in full, using the liability method, on all temporary differences at the end of the reporting 
period  between  the  tax  bases  of  assets  and  liabilities  and  their  carrying  amounts  in  the  financial  statements. 
However, if the deferred income tax arises from initial recognition of an asset or liability in a transaction other than 
a business combination that at the time of the transaction affects neither accounting nor taxable profit/ loss, it is 
not recognised. Deferred income tax is also not recognised for goodwill which is not deductible for tax purposes. 
The amount of deferred tax provided is based on the expected manner of realisation or settlement of the carrying 
amount of assets and liabilities, using tax rates (and tax laws) enacted or substantively enacted in countries where 
the Company and its subsidiaries operate, at the end of the reporting period.

Deferred  tax  liabilities  are  provided  on  all  taxable  temporary  differences  arising  on  investments  in  subsidiaries, 
associates and joint ventures, except where the timing of the reversal of the temporary difference can be controlled 
and it is probable that the temporary difference will not reverse in the foreseeable future. 

Deferred  tax  assets  are  recognised  for  all  deductible  temporary  differences  and  carry  forward  of  unutilised  tax 
losses,  to  the  extent  that  it  is  probable  that  future  taxable  profit  will  be  available  against  which  the  deductible 
temporary differences and carry forward of unused losses can be utilised.

163

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

2.30 

Income Tax (Cont’d)

At  the  end  of  each  reporting  period,  the  Group  re-assesses  unrecognised  deferred  tax  assets  and  the  carrying 
amount of deferred tax assets. The Group recognises a previously unrecognised deferred tax asset to the extent 
that it is probable that future taxable profit will allow the deferred tax asset to be recovered. The Group conversely 
reduces the carrying amount of a deferred tax asset to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient future 
taxable profit will be available to allow the benefit of all or part of the deferred tax asset to be utilised.

Current and deferred tax are charged or credited directly to equity if the tax relates to items that are credited or 
charged, in the same or different period, directly to equity.

2.31  Dividends

Interim and special dividends are recorded in the financial year in which they are declared payable. Final dividends 
are recorded in the financial year in which the dividends are approved by the shareholders.

2.32  Segment Reporting

An operating segment is identified as the component of the Group that is regularly reviewed by the chief operating 
decision maker in order to allocate resources to the segment and to assess its performance. 

2.33  Exceptional Items

Exceptional items refer to items of income or expense within the income statement from ordinary activities that are 
of such size, nature or incidence that their separate disclosure is considered necessary to explain the performance 
for the financial year.

3. 

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES, ASSUMPTIONS AND JUDGEMENTS

The  Group  makes  estimates  and  assumptions  concerning  the  future.  The  resulting  accounting  estimates  will, 
by  definition,  seldom  be  equal  to  the  future  actual  results.  As  accounting  standards  are  principles-based, 
professional  judgement  is  required  under  certain  circumstances.  The  estimates,  assumptions  and  judgements 
that bear a significant risk of causing a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities are  
discussed below.

3.1 

Impairment Reviews

The accounting policies for impairment of non-financial assets are stated in Note 2.20.

During an impairment review, the Group assesses whether the carrying amount of an asset or cash-generating 
unit exceeds its recoverable amount. Recoverable amount is defined as the higher of an asset’s or cash-generating 
unit’s fair value less costs to sell and its value-in-use. In making this judgement, the Group evaluates the value-in-
use which is supported by the net present value of future cash flows derived from such assets or cash-generating 
units  using  cash  flow  projections  which  have  been  discounted  at  an  appropriate  rate.  Forecasts  of  future  cash 
flows  are  based  on  the  Group’s  estimates  using  historical,  sector  and  industry  trends,  general  market  and  
economic conditions, changes in technology and other available information. 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

164

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

3.1 

Impairment Reviews (Cont’d)

Goodwill recorded by associates and joint ventures is required to be tested for impairment at least annually. The 
impairment assessment requires the exercise of significant judgement about future market conditions, including 
growth rates and discount rates applicable in a number of markets where the associates and joint ventures operate. 

The  assumptions  used  by  management  to  determine  the  value-in-use  calculations  of  goodwill  on  acquisition 
of  subsidiaries  are  disclosed  in  Note 24. The  carrying  values  of  joint  ventures  and  associates  including  goodwill 
capitalised are stated in Note 22 and Note 23 respectively. 

3.2 

Expected Credit Loss (“ECL”) of Receivables

At  each  reporting  date,  the  Group  assesses  whether  trade  and  other  receivables  are  credit-impaired.  The 
allowance  for  ECL  is  based  on  management’s  assessment  of  the  collectability  of  individual  customer  accounts 
taking into consideration the credit worthiness and financial condition of those customers. The Group also records 
an allowance for all other receivables based on management’s collective assessment of their collectability taking 
into consideration multiple factors including historical experience of credit losses, forward looking information as 
applicable and the aging of the receivables with allowances generally increasing as the receivable ages. If there 
is a deterioration of customers’ financial condition or if future default rates in general differ from those currently 
anticipated,  the  Group  may  have  to  adjust  the  allowance  for  credit  losses,  which  would  affect  earnings  in  the  
period that adjustments are made.

The exposure to credit risk for receivables is disclosed in Note 16.

3.3 

Estimated Useful Lives of Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment balances represent a significant component of the Group’s assets. Property, plant 
and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the 
assets. The Group reviews the estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment on an annual basis based on 
factors such as business plans and strategies, expected level of usage and future technological developments. It is 
possible that future results of operations could be materially affected by changes in these estimates brought about 
by changes in the factors mentioned above. A reduction in the estimated useful lives would increase the recorded 
depreciation and decrease the carrying value of property, plant and equipment.

3.4 

Taxation

3.4.1  Deferred tax asset

The  Group  reviews  the  carrying  amount  of  deferred  tax  assets  at  each  reporting  date.  A  deferred  tax  asset  is 
recognised to the extent that it is probable that future taxable profit will be available against which the temporary 
differences can be utilised. This involves judgement regarding the future financial performance of the particular 
legal entity or tax group for which the deferred tax asset has been recognised. 

3.4.2  Income taxes

The Group is subject to income taxes in numerous jurisdictions. Judgement is involved in determining the group-wide 
provision for income taxes. There are certain transactions and computations for which the ultimate tax determination 
is uncertain during the ordinary course of business, including the tax matters disclosed in Note 40(b). The Group 
recognises liabilities for expected tax issues based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due. Where the 
final outcome of these matters is different from the amounts that were initially recognised, such differences will 
impact the income tax and deferred tax provisions in the period in which such determination is made. 

165

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

3.5 

Fair values of derivative financial instruments

The Group uses valuation techniques to determine the fair values of financial instruments. The valuation techniques 
used  for  different  financial  instruments  are  selected  to  reflect  how  the  market  would  be  expected  to  price  the 
instruments, using inputs that reasonably reflect the risk-return factors inherent in the instruments. Depending upon 
the characteristics of the financial instruments, observable market factors are available for use in most valuations, 
while others involve a greater degree of judgment and estimation.

3.6 

Share-based Payments

Equity-settled share-based payments are measured at fair value at the date of grant, whereas cash-settled share-
based payments are measured at current fair value at the end of each reporting period. In addition, the Group 
revises the estimated number of equity instruments that participants are expected to receive based on non-market 
vesting conditions at the end of each reporting period.

The Group uses expert valuation services to determine the fair values. The assumptions of the valuation model used 
to determine fair values are set out in Note 5.3.

3.7 

Contingent Liabilities

The  Group  consults  with  its  legal  counsel  on  matters  related  to  litigation,  and  other  experts  both  within  and  
outside the Group with respect to matters in the ordinary course of business. As at 31 March 2019, the Group was 
involved in various legal proceedings where it has been vigorously defending its claims as disclosed in Note 40. 
Assessment  on  whether  the  risk  of  loss  is  remote,  possible  or  probable  requires  significant  judgement  given  the 
complexities involved.

The  Group’s  associates  and  joint  ventures  also  report  significant  contingent  liabilities. The  significant  contingent 
liabilities of the Group’s associates and joint ventures are disclosed in Note 41. 

3.8 

Revenue Recognition

The accounting policies for revenue recognition are stated in Note 2.23.

The  application  of  SFRS(I)  15  requires  the  Group  to  exercise  judgement  in  identifying  distinct  or  non-distinct 
performance  obligations.  For  bundled  telecommunications  contracts,  the  Group  is  required  to  estimate  the 
standalone selling prices of performance obligations, which materially impacts the allocation of revenue between 
performance obligations. Where the Group does not sell equivalent goods or services in similar circumstances on a 
standalone basis, it is necessary to estimate the standalone selling price. Changes in estimates of standalone selling 
prices can significantly influence the allocation of the transaction price between performance obligations. When 
estimating the standalone selling price, the Group maximises the use of observable inputs.

The assessment of whether the Group presents operating revenue as the principal, or net after deduction of costs as 
an agent, is a matter of judgement which requires an analysis of both the legal form and the substance of contracts. 
Depending on the conclusion reached, there may be material differences in the amounts of revenues and expenses, 
though there is no impact on profit.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

166

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

4. 

OPERATING REVENUE

  Mobile service (1)
  Sale of equipment
  Handset operating lease income 
Mobile 
Data and Internet 
  Business solutions 
  Cyber security 
  Other managed services 
Infocomm Technology (“ICT”) (2)
Digital businesses (3)
Fixed voice
Pay television 
Others (4)

Operating revenue

Operating revenue
Other income
Interest and investment income (see Note 10)

Total 

2019
S$ Mil

5,395.7
2,876.7
140.5
8,412.9
3,340.9
604.1
548.7
1,880.8
3,033.6
1,245.3
899.0
372.7
67.3

Group

2018
S$ Mil

5,737.3
2,414.5
25.2
8,177.0
3,435.7
560.7
527.1
1,920.0
3,007.8
1,113.1
1,084.3
369.4
80.7

17,371.7

17,268.0

17,371.7
224.7
38.1

17,268.0
258.8
45.5

17,634.5

17,572.3

Notes:
(1) 

Includes  revenues  from  subscription  (prepaid/postpaid),  interconnect,  outbound  and  inbound  roaming,  wholesale  revenue  from  MVNOs  (Mobile 
Virtual Network Operators) and mobile content services such as music and video. 
Includes equipment sales related to ICT services. 

(2) 
(3)  Mainly from provisions of digital marketing and advertising services and regional premium OTT video. 
(4) 

Includes energy reselling fees.

As  at  31  March  2019,  the  transaction  price  attributable  to  unsatisfied  performance  obligations  for  ICT  services 
rendered by NCS Pte. Ltd. is approximately S$3 billion which will be recognised as operating revenue mostly over 
the next 5 years. 

Service contracts with consumers typically range from a month to 2 years, and contracts with enterprises typically 
range from 1 to 3 years.

5. 

OPERATING EXPENSES

Cost of equipment sold (1)
Other cost of sales
Staff costs 
Selling and administrative costs (2) 
Traffic expenses
Repair and maintenance

Notes:
(1) 
(2) 

Includes equipment costs related to ICT services.
Includes supplies and services, as well as rentals of properties and mobile base stations.

167

2019
S$ Mil

3,106.1
2,767.1
2,597.3
2,472.6
1,573.4
388.0

Group

2018
S$ Mil

2,696.7
2,499.2
2,760.1
2,536.6
1,615.8
367.9

12,904.5

12,476.3

 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

5.1 

Staff Costs

Staff costs included the following –

Contributions to defined contribution plans
Performance share and share option expenses
-  equity-settled arrangements
-  cash-settled arrangements

5.2 

Key Management Personnel Compensation

Key management personnel compensation (1)
Executive director (2)
Other key management personnel (3) 

Directors’ remuneration (4)

2019
S$ Mil

225.1

38.0
3.3

2019
S$ Mil

3.5
15.9

19.4
2.7

22.1

Group

Group

2018
S$ Mil

237.3

32.7
1.9

2018
S$ Mil

6.1
22.4

28.5
2.5

31.0

Notes:
(1)  Comprise  base  salary,  bonus,  contributions  to  defined  contribution  plans  and  other  benefits,  but  exclude  performance  share  and  share  option 

expenses disclosed below. 

(2)  The Group Chief Executive Officer, an executive director of Singtel, was awarded up to 1,030,168 (2018: 1,712,538) ordinary shares of Singtel pursuant 
to Singtel performance share plans, subject to certain performance criteria including other terms and conditions being met. The performance share 
award in the previous financial year included a one-off Special Share Award (“SSA”). The performance share expense computed in accordance with 
SFRS(I) 2, Share-based Payment, was S$1.5 million (2018: S$3.3 million).

(3)  The  other  key  management  personnel  of  the  Group  comprise  the  Chief  Executive  Officers  of  Consumer  Singapore,  Consumer  Australia,  Group 
Enterprise, Group Digital Life and International Group, as well as the Group Chief Corporate Officer, Group Chief Financial Officer, Group Chief Human 
Resources Officer, Group Chief Information Officer and Group Chief Technology Officer.
The other key management personnel were awarded up to 3,537,119 (2018: 4,391,498) ordinary shares of Singtel pursuant to Singtel performance share 
plans, subject to certain performance criteria including other terms and conditions being met. The performance share award in the previous financial 
year included a one-off SSA. The performance share expense computed in accordance with SFRS(I) 2 was S$6.1 million (2018: S$8.5 million). 

(4)  Directors’ remuneration comprises the following:

(i)  Directors’ fees of S$2.7 million (2018: S$2.5 million), including fees paid to certain directors in their capacities as members of the Optus Advisory 

Committee and the Technology Advisory Panel, and as director of Singtel Innov8 Pte. Ltd.

(ii)  Car-related benefits of the Chairman of S$24,557 (2018: S$20,446). 
In addition to the Directors’ remuneration, Venkataraman Vishnampet Ganesan, a non-executive director of Singtel, was awarded 831,087 (2018: Nil)  
of  share  options  pursuant  to  the Amobee  Long-Term  Incentive  Plan  during  the  financial  year,  subject  to  certain  terms  and  conditions  being  met.  
The share option expense computed in accordance with SFRS(I) 2 was S$104,278 (2018: S$21,607).

5.3 

Share-based Payments

5.3.1  Performance share plans

With  effect  from  1  April  2012,  Restricted  Share  Awards  and  Performance  Share  Awards  are  given  to  selected 
employees  of  Singtel  and  its  subsidiaries. The  awards  are  conditional  upon  the  achievement  of  predetermined 
performance  targets  or  vesting  conditions  over  the  performance  period,  which  is  two  years  for  the  Restricted 
Share Awards and three years for the Performance Share Awards. Both awards are generally settled by delivery of  
Singtel shares, with the awards for certain senior executives to be settled by Singtel shares or cash, at the option of 
the recipient. 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

168

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

5.3.1  Performance share plans (Cont’d)

Additionally,  early  vesting  of  the  performance  shares  can  also  occur  under  special  circumstances  approved  by 
the Executive Resource and Compensation Committee such as retirement, redundancy, illness and death while in 
employment.

Though the performance shares are awarded by Singtel, the respective subsidiaries bear all costs and expenses in 
any way arising out of, or connected with, the grant and vesting of the awards to their employees.

The  fair  values  of  the  performance  shares  are  estimated  using  a  Monte-Carlo  simulation  methodology  at  the 
measurement dates, which are the grant value dates for equity-settled awards, and at the end of the reporting 
period for cash-settled awards.

In recognition of the value created from the development and operation of Singapore’s nationwide fibre network 
infrastructure  and  the  successful  IPO  of  NetLink  NBN Trust  in  July  2017,  Senior  Management  received  a  one-off 
Special Share Award in July 2018. 

Restricted Share Awards 

The movements of the number of performance shares for the Restricted Share Awards during the financial year 
were as follows –

Group and Company
2019

Date of grant 

FY2016 (1)
  17 June 2015
  September 2015 to March 2016

FY2017
  20 June 2016
  September 2016 to March 2017

FY2018
  19 June 2017
  September 2017 to March 2018

FY2019
  19 June 2018
  September 2018 to March 2019

Outstanding
 as at 
 1 April 2018 
 ‘000 

Awarded
from targets 
exceeded 
 ‘000 

 Granted 
 ‘000 

Vested
 ‘000 

Cancelled
 ‘000 

Outstanding
 as at 
31 March 2019
 ‘000 

2,187
20

4,911
20

7,293
314

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

9,529
306

-
-

(2,166)
(20)

(21)
-

1,748
8

(3,401)
(14)

(206)
-

-
-

-
-

(201)
-

(474)
(80)

(17)
-

(692)
-

-
-

3,052
14

6,618
234

8,820
306

14,745

9,835

1,756

(5,819)

(1,473)

19,044

Note: 
(1)  “FY2016” denotes financial year ended 31 March 2016.

169

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

5.3.1  Performance share plans (Cont’d)

Group and Company
2018

Date of grant 

FY2015
  23 June 2014
  September 2014 to March 2015

FY2016
  17 June 2015
  September 2015 to March 2016

FY2017
  20 June 2016
  September 2016 to March 2017

FY2018
  19 June 2017
  September 2017 to March 2018

Outstanding
 as at 
 1 April 2017 
 ‘000 

Awarded
from targets 
exceeded 
 ‘000 

 Granted 
 ‘000 

Vested
 ‘000 

Cancelled
 ‘000 

Outstanding
 as at 
31 March 2018
 ‘000 

2,707
9

3,679
30

5,319
87

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

7,701
314

-
-

(2,690)
(9)

(17)
-

1,094
10

(2,406)
(20)

(180)
-

1
-

-
-

(67)
(67)

(15)
-

(342)
-

(393)
-

-
-

2,187
20

4,911
20

7,293
314

11,831

8,015

1,105

(5,274)

(932)

14,745

The fair values of the Restricted Share Awards and the assumptions of the fair value model for the grants were  
as follows –

Equity-settled

Fair value at grant date

Assumptions under Monte-Carlo Model  

Expected volatility

  Singtel
  MSCI Asia Pacific Telco Component Stocks

20 June 2016

Date of grant
19 June 2017

19 June 2018

S$3.46

S$3.34

S$2.85

15.6%
36 months 
historical 
volatility 
preceding 
May 2016

14.3%
36 months 
historical 
volatility 
preceding 
May 2017

14.6%
36 months 
historical 
volatility 
preceding 
May 2018

Risk free interest rates
  Yield of Singapore Government Securities on 

1 June 2016

7 June 2017

7 June 2018

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

170

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

5.3.1  Performance share plans (Cont’d)

Cash-settled 
2019

20 June 2016

Date of grant
19 June 2017

19 June 2018

Fair value at 31 March 2019

S$3.02

S$2.93

S$2.77

Assumptions under Monte-Carlo Model  

Expected volatility

  Singtel
  MSCI Asia Pacific Telco Component Stocks

12.1%

12.1%

12.1%

36 months historical volatility  
preceding March 2019

Risk free interest rates
  Yield of Singapore Government Securities on 

31 March 2019

31 March 2019

31 March 2019

Cash-settled 
2018

17 June 2015

Date of grant
20 June 2016

19 June 2017

Fair value at 31 March 2018

S$3.37

S$3.28

S$3.10

Assumptions under Monte-Carlo Model  

Expected volatility

  Singtel
  MSCI Asia Pacific Telco Index
  MSCI Asia Pacific Telco Component Stocks

14.4%
10.2%

14.4%
NA

14.4%
NA

36 months historical volatility  
preceding March 2018

Risk free interest rates
  Yield of Singapore Government Securities on 

31 March 2018

31 March 2018

31 March 2018

“NA” denotes Not Applicable. 

171

Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

5.3.1  Performance share plans (Cont’d)

Performance Share awards

The movements of the number of performance shares for the Performance Share Awards during the financial year 
were as follows –

Group and Company
2019

Date of grant 

FY2016
  17 June 2015
  September 2015 to March 2016

FY2017
  20 June 2016
  September 2016 to March 2017

FY2018
  19 June 2017
  September 2017 to March 2018

FY2019
  19 June 2018
  September 2018 to March 2019

Outstanding
 as at 
 1 April 2018 
 ‘000 

 Granted 
 ‘000 

Cancelled
 ‘000 

Outstanding
 as at 
31 March 2019
 ‘000 

8,529
157

8,651
91

4,729
156

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

4,171
36

(8,529)
(157)

(376)
-

(189)
(36)

(163)
-

-
-

8,275
91

4,540
120

4,008
36

22,313

4,207

(9,450)

17,070

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

172

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

5.3.1  Performance share plans (Cont’d)

Group and Company
2018

Date of grant 

FY2015
  23 June 2014
  September 2014 to March 2015

FY2016
  17 June 2015
  September 2015 to March 2016

FY2017
  20 June 2016
  September 2016 to March 2017

FY2018
  19 June 2017
  September 2017 to March 2018

Outstanding
 as at 
 1 April 2017 
 ‘000 

 Granted 
 ‘000 

Vested
 ‘000 

Cancelled
 ‘000 

Outstanding
 as at 
31 March 2018
 ‘000 

7,947
21

8,976
157

9,068
91

-
-

-
-

-
-

-
-

4,804
156

(1,285)
(3)

(6,662)
(18)

-
-

-
-

-
-

(447)
-

(417)
-

(75)
-

-
-

8,529
157

8,651
91

4,729
156

26,260

4,960

(1,288)

(7,619)

22,313

The fair values of the Performance Share Awards and the assumptions of the fair value model for the grants were 
as follows –

Equity-settled

Fair value at grant date

Assumptions under Monte-Carlo Model  

Expected volatility

  Singtel
  MSCI Asia Pacific Telco Component Stocks

20 June 2016

Date of grant
19 June 2017

19 June 2018

S$1.81

S$1.28

S$1.77 

15.6%
36 months 
historical 
volatility 
preceding 
May 2016

14.3%
36 months 
historical 
volatility 
preceding 
May 2017

14.6%
36 months 
historical 
volatility 
preceding 
May 2018

Risk free interest rates
  Yield of Singapore Government Securities on

1 June 2016

7 June 2017

7 June 2018

173

 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

5.3.1  Performance share plans (Cont’d)

Cash-settled 
2019

20 June 2016

Date of grant
19 June 2017

19 June 2018

Fair value at 31 March 2019

-

S$0.07

S$1.23

Assumptions under Monte-Carlo Model  

Expected volatility

  Singtel
  MSCI Asia Pacific Telco Component Stocks

12.1%

12.1%

12.1%

36 months historical volatility  
preceding March 2019

Risk free interest rates
  Yield of Singapore Government Securities on 

31 March 2019

31 March 2019

31 March 2019

Cash-settled 
2018

17 June 2015

Date of grant
20 June 2016

19 June 2017

Fair value at 31 March 2018

-

S$0.91

S$0.80

Assumptions under Monte-Carlo Model  

Expected volatility

  Singtel
  MSCI Asia Pacific Telco Index
  MSCI Asia Pacific Telco Component Stocks

14.4%
10.2%

14.4%
NA

14.4%
NA

36 months historical volatility  
preceding March 2018

Risk free interest rates
  Yield of Singapore Government Securities on 

31 March 2018

31 March 2018

31 March 2018

Special Share Award 

The  movements  of  the  number  of  performance  shares  for  the  Special  Share  Award  during  the  financial  year  
were as follows –

Group and Company
2019

Date of grant 

FY2019
  19 June 2018

Outstanding
 as at 
 1 April 2018 
 ‘000 

 Granted 
 ‘000 

Vested
 ‘000 

Outstanding
 as at 
31 March 2019
 ‘000 

-

-

1,457

(1,457)

1,457

(1,457)

-

-

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

174

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

5.3.2  Amobee’s share options - equity-settled arrangement

In  April  2015,  Amobee  Group  Pte.  Ltd.  (“Amobee”),  a  wholly-owned  subsidiary  of  the  Company,  implemented 
the  2015  Long-Term  Incentive  Plan  (“Amobee  LTI  Plan”).  Selected  employees  (including  executive  directors)  
and non-executive directors of Amobee and/or its subsidiaries are granted options to purchase ordinary shares  
of Amobee. 

Options are exercisable at a price no less than 100% of the fair value of the ordinary shares of Amobee on the date 
of  grant.  Options  for  employees  are  scheduled  to  be  fully  vested  in  either  3  years  or  3.5  years  from  the  vesting 
commencement date. 

The grant dates, exercise prices and fair values of the share options were as follows –

Equity-settled 

Date of grant

For employees
13 April 2015 
14 October 2015
20 January 2016, 10 May 2016, 24 August 2016, 25 January 2017
23 June 2016
19 July 2017, 18 August 2017, 12 September 2017, 25 January 2018
21 August 2018, 25 March 2019

For non-executive directors
14 October 2015
21 August 2018

Exercise price
US$

Fair value at 
grant/ repriced date 
US$

0.79
0.54 to 0.79
0.54
0.54
0.54
0.55 to 0.58

0.224 to 0.261
0.217 to 0.287
0.287
0.273 to 0.287
0.260 to 0.268
0.259 to 0.266

0.54
0.55

0.203
0.181

The  terms  of  the  options  granted  to  employees  and  non-executive  directors  are  10  years  and  5  years  from  the  
date of grant respectively. 

The fair values for the share options granted were estimated using the Black-Scholes pricing model.

From 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019, 

(a) 

(b) 

options in respect of an aggregate of 62.6 million of ordinary shares in Amobee have been granted to the 
employees and non-executive directors of Amobee and/or its subsidiaries. 

10,879  ordinary  shares  of  Amobee  were  issued  pursuant  to  the  exercise  of  options  granted  under  the  
Amobee LTI Plan. 

As  at  31  March  2019,  options  in  respect  of  an  aggregate  of  112.6  million  of  ordinary  shares  in  Amobee  are  
outstanding.

175

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

5.3.3  Trustwave’s share options - equity-settled arrangement

In December 2015, Trustwave Holdings, Inc. (“Trustwave”), a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, implemented 
the  Stock  Option  Incentive  Plan  (“Trustwave  ESOP”).  Selected  employees  (including  executive  directors)  and  
non-executive  directors  of  Trustwave  and/or  its  subsidiaries  are  granted  options  to  purchase  common  stock  
of Trustwave. 

Options are exercisable at a price no less than 100% of the fair value of the common stock of Trustwave on the date 
of grant, and are scheduled to be fully vested 4 years from the vesting commencement date. 

The grant dates, exercise prices and fair values of the stock options were as follows –

Equity-settled 

Date of grant

1 December 2015 
22 January 2016
19 May 2016
12 September 2016
20 January 2017
15 March 2018
23 May 2018 
12 July 2018
31 August 2018

Exercise price
US$

16.79
16.79
16.79
16.79
16.24
15.37
15.37
15.37
15.37

Fair value 
at grant date 
US$

6.57
6.28
6.16 to 6.27
6.03 to 6.10
5.93 to 6.57
6.71 to 6.92
6.80 to 7.05
6.97
6.17

The term of each option granted is 10 years from the date of grant. 

The fair values for the stock options granted were estimated using the Black-Scholes pricing model. 

From 1 April 2018 to 31 March 2019, options in respect of an aggregate of 0.6 million of common stock in Trustwave 
have  been  granted. As  at  31  March  2019,  options  in  respect  of  an  aggregate  of  2.2  million  of  common  stock  in 
Trustwave are outstanding.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

176

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

5.3.4  HOOQ’s share options - equity-settled arrangement

In December 2015, HOOQ Digital Pte. Ltd. (“HOOQ”), a 65%-owned subsidiary of the Company, implemented the 
HOOQ Digital Employee Share Option Scheme (the “Scheme”). Selected employees (including executive directors) 
of HOOQ and/or its subsidiaries are granted options to purchase ordinary shares of HOOQ. 

Options are exercisable at a price no less than 100% of the fair value of the ordinary shares of HOOQ on the date of 
grant, and are scheduled to be fully vested 4 years from the vesting commencement date. 

The grant dates, exercise prices and fair values of the share options were as follows –

Equity-settled

Date of grant

16 May 2016 
24 April 2017
2 May 2017
31 July 2017
8 September 2017
23 October 2017
10 January 2018
1 April 2018
1 July 2018
19 October 2018 
31 January 2019

Exercise price
US$

Fair value
at grant date 
US$

0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07
0.07

0.0445 to 0.0463
0.0301 to 0.0315
0.0292 to 0.0313
0.0313 to 0.0315
0.0296 to 0.0298
0.0309 to 0.0320
0.0316 to 0.0318
0.0360 to 0.0366
0.0368 to 0.0373
0.0371 to 0.0374
0.0367 to 0.0369

The term of each option granted is 10 years from the date of grant. 

The fair values for the share options granted were estimated using the Black-Scholes pricing model. 

From  1  April  2018  to  31  March  2019,  options  in  respect  of  an  aggregate  of  9.6  million  of  ordinary  shares  in  
HOOQ  have  been  granted.  As  at  31  March  2019,  options  in  respect  of  an  aggregate  of  43.3  million  of  
ordinary shares in HOOQ are outstanding. 

5.4 

Structured Entity

The Trust’s purpose is to purchase the Company’s shares from the open market for delivery to the recipients upon 
vesting of the share-based payments awards. 

As at the end of the reporting period, the Trust held the following assets –

2019
S$ Mil

28.0
0.5

28.5

Group

Company

2018
S$ Mil

29.1
0.6

29.7

2019
S$ Mil

26.0
0.4

26.4

2018
S$ Mil

27.2
0.6

27.8

Cost of Singtel shares, net of vesting
Cash at bank

177

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

5.4 

Structured Entity (Cont’d)

The details of Singtel shares held by the Trust were as follows –

Number of shares

Amount

Group

Balance as at 1 April
Purchase of Singtel shares
Vesting of shares

2019
‘000

7,613
5,504
(4,886)

2018
‘000

7,404
4,255
(4,046)

Balance as at 31 March

8,231

7,613

2019
S$ Mil

29.1
17.5
(18.6)

28.0

2018
S$ Mil

29.0
15.9
(15.8)

29.1

Upon consolidation of the Trust in the consolidated financial statements, the weighted average cost of vested Singtel 
shares is taken to ‘Capital Reserve’ whereas the weighted average cost of unvested shares is taken to ‘Treasury 
Shares’ within equity. See Note 2.22. 

5.5  Other Operating Expense Items

Operating expenses included the following –

Auditors’ remuneration
-  KPMG LLP, Singapore 
-  KPMG, Australia
-  Other KPMG offices
-  Deloitte & Touche LLP, Singapore 
-  Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, Australia
-  Other Deloitte & Touche offices

Non-audit fees (1) paid to
-  KPMG LLP, Singapore 
-  KPMG, Australia
-  Other KPMG offices
-  Deloitte & Touche LLP, Singapore 
-  Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, Australia 
-  Other Deloitte & Touche offices

Impairment of trade receivables
Allowance for inventory obsolescence 
Operating lease payments 

Group

2019
S$ Mil

2018
S$ Mil

2.4
1.2
1.3
-
-
-

0.4
0.4
0.1
-
-
-

-
-
-
1.5
1.2
2.1

-
-
-
0.3
0.3
0.2

121.8
1.1
437.2

128.0
7.1
470.7

Note:
(1)  The non-audit fees for the current financial year ended 31 March 2019 included S$0.4 million and S$0.2million paid to KPMG LLP, Singapore and  
KPMG, Australia in respect of tax services, certification and review for regulatory purposes. In the previous financial year, the non-audit fees included 
S$0.2 million and S$0.3 million paid to Deloitte & Touche LLP, Singapore, and Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, Australia, respectively in respect of tax services, 
certification and review for regulatory purposes. 

The Audit Committee had undertaken a review of the non-audit services provided by the auditors, KPMG LLP, and 
in the opinion of the Audit Committee, these services did not affect the independence of the auditors.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

178

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

6. 

OTHER INCOME

Other income included the following items – 

Rental income
Net gains on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Net foreign exchange gains/ (losses)

7. 

DEPRECIATION AND AMORTISATION

Depreciation of property, plant and equipment
Amortisation of intangible assets
Amortisation of deferred gain on sale of a joint venture

8. 

EXCEPTIONAL ITEMS

Exceptional gains
  Gain on disposal of property 
  Gain on sale and leaseback 
  Gain on disposal of a subsidiary 
  Gain on disposal of joint ventures
  Gain on disposal of an associate
  Disputes settlement

Exceptional losses
  Staff restructuring costs
  Provision for contingent claims and other charges

Impairment of non-current assets
Impairment of an associate

179

Group

2019
S$ Mil

3.3
5.3
3.4

2018
S$ Mil

3.3
4.3
(9.1)

Group

2019
S$ Mil

1,896.1
326.1
-

2018
S$ Mil

1,951.0
300.5
(1.5)

2,222.2

2,250.0

2019
S$ Mil

105.5
42.4
19.2
0.3
-
-
167.4

(88.4)
(10.8)
-
-
(99.2)

Group

2018
S$ Mil

-
-
-
6.5
2,030.9
54.8
2,092.2

(57.7)
(57.1)
(77.3)
(5.0)
(197.1)

68.2

1,895.1

 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

9. 

SHARE OF RESULTS OF ASSOCIATES AND JOINT VENTURES

Share of ordinary results

-  joint ventures
-  associates

Group

2019
S$ Mil

2018
S$ Mil

1,338.2
197.7
1,535.9

2,213.3
240.3
2,453.6

Share of net exceptional gains/ (losses) of associates and joint ventures (post-tax)

301.1

(9.5)

Share of tax of ordinary results

-  joint ventures
-  associates

10. 

INTEREST AND INVESTMENT INCOME (NET) 

Interest income from
-  bank deposits 
-  others

Dividends from joint ventures
Gross dividends from FVOCI investments

Other foreign exchange gains/ (losses)
Other fair value gains
Fair value (losses)/ gains on fair value hedges 

-  hedged items 
-  hedging instruments

Fair value (losses)/ gains on cash flow hedges 

-  hedged items 
-  hedging instruments

(241.7)
(32.6)
(274.3)

(602.0)
(38.1)
(640.1)

1,562.7

1,804.0

Group

2019
S$ Mil

7.6
0.7
8.3

13.0
0.5

21.8

5.9
10.3

(35.0)
35.1
0.1

(122.4)
122.4
-

38.1

2018
S$ Mil

7.6
9.0
16.6

30.3
2.3

49.2

(11.1)
6.9

65.4
(64.9)
0.5

35.0
(35.0)
-

45.5

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

180

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

11. 

FINANCE COSTS

Interest expense on

-  bonds
-  bank loans
-  finance leases

Financing related costs
Effects of hedging using interest rate swaps

12. 

TAXATION

12.1 

Tax Expense

Current income tax
-  Singapore
-  Overseas

Deferred tax expense/ (credit)

2019
S$ Mil

308.4
56.5
8.2
373.1

17.0
2.7

Group

2018
S$ Mil

302.8
49.7
10.3
362.8

20.6
6.8

392.8

390.2

2019
S$ Mil

223.5
223.7
447.2

36.2

Group

2018
S$ Mil

237.6
318.4
556.0

(49.7)

Tax expense attributable to current year’s profit

483.4

506.3

Adjustments in respect of prior years –
  Current income tax
  Deferred income tax

Withholding and dividend distribution taxes on dividend 

income from associates and joint ventures

5.0
12.4

174.0

674.8

(17.9)
36.5

178.1

703.0

181

Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

12.1 

Tax Expense (Cont’d)

The tax expense on profits was different from the amount that would arise using the Singapore standard rate of 
income tax due to the following –

Profit before tax
Less: Share of results of associates and joint ventures

Tax calculated at tax rate of 17 per cent (2018: 17 per cent)
Effects of –
Different tax rates of other countries
Income not subject to tax
Expenses not deductible for tax purposes
Deferred tax asset not recognised
Change in tax rate of other country 
Others

2019
S$ Mil

3,745.9
(1,562.7)
2,183.2

Group

2018
S$ Mil

6,154.9
(1,804.0)
4,350.9

371.1

739.7

36.3
(29.5)
29.4
79.1
-
(3.0)

79.4
(342.7)
33.7
39.6
(27.5)
(15.9)

Tax expense attributable to current year’s profit

483.4

506.3

12.2  Deferred Taxes

The  movements  of  the  deferred  tax  assets  and  liabilities  (prior  to  offsetting  of  balances  within  the  same  tax 
jurisdiction) during the financial year were as follows –

TWDV (1) in 
excess of  
NBV (2) of 
depreciable
assets
S$ Mil

Tax losses
and unutilised
capital
allowances
S$ Mil

Group - 2019
Deferred tax assets

Provisions
S$ Mil

Balance as at 1 April 2018, previously reported
Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 1, 9 and 15
Balance as at 1 April 2018, restated
Credited/ (Charged) to income statement 
Charged to other comprehensive income 
Transfer to current tax
Translation differences

Balance as at 31 March 2019

43.1
-
43.1
2.3
-
(5.3)
(2.7)

37.4

79.2
-
79.2
(25.6)
-
-
(2.9)

50.7

Others
S$ Mil

237.2
(2.7)
234.5
(9.6)
(5.9)
-
(5.7)

Total
S$ Mil

382.3
(7.1)
375.2
(51.9)
(5.9)
(5.3)
(10.7)

22.8
(4.4)
18.4
(19.0)
-
-
0.6

-

213.3

301.4

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

182

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

12.2  Deferred Taxes (Cont’d)

Group - 2019
Deferred tax liabilities

Balance as at 1 April 2018, previously reported
Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 1 and 15
Balance as at 1 April 2018, restated
(Charged)/ Credited to income statement 
Transfer to current tax 
Disposal of subsidiary
Translation differences 

Accelerated
tax
depreciation
S$ Mil

Offshore
interest and
dividend
not
remitted
S$ Mil

(470.9)
59.0
(411.9)
(47.2)
-
(0.1)
(0.7)

(5.2)
-
(5.2)
(0.1)
-
-
-

Others
S$ Mil

(66.5)
(74.2)
(140.7)
47.6
19.7
-
(1.3)

Total
S$ Mil

(542.6)
(15.2)
(557.8)
0.3
19.7
(0.1)
(2.0)

Balance as at 31 March 2019

(459.9)

(5.3)

(74.7)

(539.9)

Group - 2018
Deferred tax assets

Provisions
S$ Mil

Balance as at 1 April 2017, previously reported
Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 1, 9 and 15
Balance as at 1 April 2017, restated
Credited/ (Charged) to income statement 
Charged to other comprehensive income 
Transfer from current tax
Translation differences

Balance as at 31 March 2018

40.3
-
40.3
5.2
-
1.0
(3.4)

43.1

TWDV (1) in
excess of
NBV (2) of
depreciable
assets
S$ Mil

Tax losses
and
unutilised
capital
allowances
S$ Mil

137.8
-
137.8
(53.1)
-
-
(5.5)

21.7
(2.1)
19.6
-
-
-
(1.2)

Others
S$ Mil

469.6
(20.8)
448.8
(198.5)
(8.4)
-
(7.4)

Total
S$ Mil

669.4
(22.9)
646.5
(246.4)
(8.4)
1.0
(17.5)

79.2

18.4

234.5

375.2

183

Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

12.2  Deferred Taxes (Cont’d)

Group - 2018
Deferred tax liabilities

Balance as at 1 April 2017, previously reported
Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 1 and 15
Balance as at 1 April 2017, restated
Acquisition of a subsidiary
(Charged)/ Credited to income statement 
Transfer to current tax 
Translation differences 

Accelerated
tax
depreciation
S$ Mil

Offshore
interest and
dividend
not
remitted
S$ Mil

(457.8)
74.3
(383.5)
-
(29.2)
0.5
0.3

(5.1)
-
(5.1)
-
(0.1)
-
-

Others
S$ Mil

(123.3)
(72.5)
(195.8)
(21.4)
71.7
1.3
3.5

Total
S$ Mil

(586.2)
1.8
(584.4)
(21.4)
42.4
1.8
3.8

Balance as at 31 March 2018

(411.9)

(5.2)

(140.7)

(557.8)

Company - 2019
Deferred tax assets

Balance as at 1 April 2018
Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 15
Balance as at 1 April 2018, restated
(Charged)/ Credited to income statement 

Balance as at 31 March 2019

Company - 2019
Deferred tax liabilities

Balance as at 1 April 2018
Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 1
Balance as at 1 April 2018, restated
Charged to income statement

Provisions
S$ Mil

0.5
-
0.5
(0.1)

0.4

Others
S$ Mil

11.0
(0.2)
10.8
1.1

11.9

Accelerated tax
depreciation
S$ Mil

(287.1)
7.6
(279.5)
(7.3)

Total
S$ Mil

11.5
(0.2)
11.3
1.0

12.3

Total
S$ Mil

(287.1)
7.6
(279.5)
(7.3)

Balance as at 31 March 2019

(286.8)

(286.8)

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

184

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

12.2  Deferred Taxes (Cont’d)

Company - 2018
Deferred tax assets

Balance as at 1 April 2017
Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 15
Balance as at 1 April 2017, restated
Credited to income statement 

Balance as at 31 March 2018

Company - 2018
Deferred tax liabilities

Balance as at 1 April 2017
Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 1
Balance as at 1 April 2017, restated
Charged to income statement

Provisions
S$ Mil

0.3
-
0.3
0.2

0.5

Others
S$ Mil

2.8
(1.0)
1.8
9.0

Total
S$ Mil

3.1
(1.0)
2.1
9.2

10.8

11.3

Accelerated tax
depreciation
S$ Mil

(285.3)
10.2
(275.1)
(4.4)

Total
S$ Mil

(285.3)
10.2
(275.1)
(4.4)

Balance as at 31 March 2018

(279.5)

(279.5)

Notes:
(1)  TWDV – Tax written down value
(2)  NBV – Net book value

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to set-off current tax assets 
against current tax liabilities, and when deferred income taxes relate to the same fiscal authority. 

The amounts, determined after appropriate offsetting, are shown in the statements of financial position as follows –

Deferred tax assets
Deferred tax liabilities

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

276.6
(515.1)

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

353.0
(535.6)

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

634.9
(572.8)

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

-
(274.5)

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

-
(268.2)

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

-
(273.0)

(238.5)

(182.6)

62.1

(274.5)

(268.2)

(273.0)

Deferred tax assets are recognised to the extent that realisation of the related tax benefits through future taxable 
profits is probable.

As at 31 March 2019, the subsidiaries of the Group had estimated unutilised income tax losses of approximately 
S$1.65 billion (31 March 2018: $1.35 billion), of which S$25 million (31 March 2018: S$16 million) will expire in the next 
five years and S$960 million (31 March 2018: S$700 million) will expire from 2024 to 2037. 

185

 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

12.2  Deferred Taxes (Cont’d)

As  at  31  March  2019,  the  subsidiaries  of  the  Group  also  had  estimated  unutilised  investment  allowances  of  
S$46 million (31 March 2018: S$48 million), unutilised capital tax losses of S$69 million (31 March 2018: S$91 million) 
and unabsorbed capital allowances of approximately S$19 million (31 March 2018: S$10 million). 

These unutilised income tax losses and investment allowances, and unabsorbed capital allowances are available 
for set-off against future taxable profits, subject to the agreement of the relevant tax authorities and compliance 
with certain provisions of the income tax regulations of the respective countries in which the subsidiaries operate. 
The unutilised capital tax losses are available for set-off against future capital gains of a similar nature subject to 
compliance with certain statutory tests in Australia.

As  at  the  end  of  the  reporting  period,  the  potential  tax  benefits  arising  from  the  following  items  were  not 
recognised in the financial statements due to uncertainty on their recoverability –

Unutilised income tax losses and investment allowances,  

and unabsorbed capital allowances

Unutilised capital tax losses

13. 

EARNINGS PER SHARE

Weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue for calculation  

of basic earnings per share (1)

Adjustment for dilutive effects of performance share plans

Weighted average number of ordinary shares for calculation  

of diluted earnings per share

Note:
(1)  Adjusted to exclude the number of performance shares held by the Trust and the Company.

Group 

2019
S$ Mil

2018
S$ Mil

1,711.8

1,405.1

69.3

90.9

Group

2019
‘000

2018
‘000

16,322,339
19,963

16,322,581
21,748

16,342,302

16,344,329

‘Basic earnings per share’ is calculated by dividing the Group’s profit attributable to shareholders of the Company 
by the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue during the financial year.

For ‘Diluted earnings per share’, the weighted average number of ordinary shares in issue includes the number of 
additional shares outstanding if the potential dilutive ordinary shares arising from the performance shares granted 
by the Group were issued. Adjustment is made to earnings for the dilutive effect arising from the associates and joint 
ventures’ dilutive shares.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

186

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

14. 

RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

In  addition  to  the  related  party  information  disclosed  elsewhere  in  the  financial  statements,  the  Group  had  the 
following significant transactions and balances with related parties –   

Group

2019
S$ Mil

2018
S$ Mil

Income
Subsidiaries of ultimate holding company 
  Telecommunications
  Rental and maintenance

Associates
  Telecommunications
Interest on loan 

Joint ventures
  Telecommunications

Expenses
Subsidiaries of ultimate holding company 
  Telecommunications
  Utilities

Associates
  Telecommunications
  Postal
  Rental

Joint ventures
  Telecommunications
  Transmission capacity

Others
Associates
  Sale and leaseback gain from associate
  Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment

Joint ventures
  Acquisition of shares in a joint venture
  Proceeds from disposal of a joint venture
  Proceeds from disposal of FVOCI investments

Due from subsidiaries of ultimate holding company

Due to subsidiaries of ultimate holding company

100.3
28.8

8.8
-

48.3

35.2
80.9

149.3
7.8
6.5

32.8
7.5

42.4
2.4

-
-
-

37.1

11.0

93.7
29.0

19.8
8.2

45.8

34.6
68.7

144.0
7.9
6.3

32.0
4.6

-
137.8

539.4
15.0
27.0

28.0

1.6

All the above transactions were on normal commercial terms and conditions and at market rates.

Please refer to Note 5.2 for information on key management personnel compensation.

187

 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

15. 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

Fixed deposits
Cash and bank balances

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

153.5 
359.2 

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

122.7 
402.2 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

164.1 
369.7 

512.7 

524.9 

533.8 

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

42.4 
39.2 

81.6 

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

28.0 
64.0 

92.0 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

27.6 
61.6 

89.2 

The carrying amounts of the cash and cash equivalents approximate their fair values.

Cash  and  cash  equivalents  denominated  in  currencies  other  than  the  respective  functional  currencies  of  the  
Group’s entities were as follows –

USD
HKD
AUD

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

106.5 
22.3 
17.9 

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

87.5 
15.6 
14.8 

The maturities of the fixed deposits were as follows –

Less than three months
Over three months

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

142.9
10.6

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

105.7 
17.0 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

140.7 
8.0 
16.9 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

147.8 
16.3 

153.5

122.7 

164.1 

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

48.6 
0.1 
6.0 

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

42.4 
-  

42.4 

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

30.3 
0.3 
0.3 

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

28.0 
-  

28.0 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

34.6 
0.3 
8.1 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

27.6
-  

27.6 

As  at  31  March  2019,  the  weighted  average  effective  interest  rate  of  the  fixed  deposits  of  the  Group  and  the  
Company were 2.1 per cent (31 March 2018: 1.6 per cent) per annum and 2.2 per cent (31 March 2018: 1.7 per cent) 
per annum respectively.

The exposure of cash and cash equivalents to interest rate risks is disclosed in Note 36.3.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

188

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

16. 

TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES

Current

Trade receivables 
Contract assets

Less: Allowance for ECL

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

2,341.3
2,591.0
4,932.3
(259.7)
4,672.6

Group
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

2,247.6
2,601.3
4,848.9
(263.8)
4,585.1

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

2,084.7
2,603.7
4,688.4
(248.9)
4,439.5

422.2
22.0
444.2
(94.3)
349.9

Company

31 March
2018
S$ Mil

452.7
34.9
487.6
(96.4)
391.2

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

459.3
33.0
492.3
(90.7)
401.6

Other receivables

421.9

430.0

525.0

22.8

20.6

18.9

Loans to subsidiaries
Less: Allowance for ECL

Amount due from subsidiaries
- trade
- non-trade
Less: Allowance for ECL

Amount due from associates  

and joint ventures 

- trade
- non-trade

Prepayments
Interest receivable
Others

-
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-
-
-

-
-
-

-
-
-
-

122.4
(9.3)
113.1

120.6
(9.3)
111.3

127.6
(12.7)
114.9

828.8
585.6
(45.4)
1,369.0

722.3
1,029.0
(45.4)
1,705.9

717.0
363.3
(45.4)
1,034.9

30.3
98.9
129.2

685.0
70.3
13.7

16.6
140.9
157.5

552.3
73.4
15.4

13.6
155.2
168.8

540.3
74.9
13.9

1.3
2.0
3.3

73.5
29.3
-

1.9
4.0
5.9

57.6
31.4
-

4.4
4.0
8.4

60.2
34.4
-

5,992.7

5,813.7

5,762.4

1,960.9

2,323.9

1,673.3

“ECL” denotes expected credit loss.

Trade receivables are non-interest bearing and are generally on 14-day or 30-day terms, while balances due from 
carriers are on 60-day terms. There was no significant change in contract assets during the year. 

As at 31 March 2019, the effective interest rate of an amount due from a subsidiary of S$331.0 million (31 March 2018: 
S$824.5 million) was 0.33 per cent (31 March 2018: 0.12 per cent) per annum. The loans to subsidiaries and amounts 
due from other subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures were unsecured, interest-free and repayable on demand. 

An amount of S$6.8 million (31 March 2018: S$18.8 million) under other receivables of the Group is guaranteed by  
a third party and repayable by 31 March 2020. 

189

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

16. 

TRADE AND OTHER RECEIVABLES (Cont’d)

The  age  analysis  of  trade  receivables  and  contract  assets  (before  allowance  for  expected  credit  loss)  was  as  
follows –

Less than 60 days 
61 to 120 days
More than 120 days 

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

4,344.5 
222.2 
365.6 

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

4,324.2 
198.7 
326.0 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

4,263.6 
114.4 
310.4 

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

297.1 
61.2 
85.9 

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

327.4 
45.1 
115.1 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

332.9 
32.4 
127.0 

4,932.3 

4,848.9 

4,688.4 

444.2 

487.6 

492.3 

The  movements  in  the  allowance  for  expected  credit  losses  of  trade  receivables  and  contract  assets  were  as  
follows – 

Balance as at 1 April 
Acquisition of a subsidiary 
Allowance 
Utilisation of allowance 
Write-back of allowance 
Translation differences

Group

Company

2019
S$ Mil

263.8 
0.9 
146.4 
(120.3)
(24.6)
(6.5)

2018
S$ Mil

248.9 
2.2 
141.2 
(103.9)
(13.2)
(11.4)

2019
S$ Mil

96.4 
-  
30.5 
(26.6)
(6.0)
-  

2018
S$ Mil

90.7 
-  
35.3 
(29.3)
(0.3)
-  

Balance as at 31 March

259.7 

263.8 

94.3 

96.4 

The maximum exposure to credit risk for trade receivables and contract assets were as follows –

Individuals 
Corporations and others 

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

2,269.4 
2,403.2 

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

2,366.8 
2,218.3 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

2,409.4 
2,030.1 

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

131.8 
218.1 

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

141.8 
249.4 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

145.9 
255.7 

4,672.6 

4,585.1 

4,439.5 

349.9 

391.2 

401.6 

The expected credit losses for debts which are collectively assessed are estimated based on a provision matrix by 
reference to historical credit loss experience of the different segments, adjusted as appropriate to reflect current 
conditions and estimates of future economic conditions as applicable. The expected credit losses for debts which 
are individually assessed are based on an analysis of the debtor’s current financial position and are adjusted for 
factors that are specific to the debtors.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

190

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

17. 

INVENTORIES 

Equipment held for resale
Maintenance and capital 

works’ inventories

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

379.1

38.5

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

374.1

23.3

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

320.1

32.1

417.6

397.4

352.2

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

0.1

37.1

37.2

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

0.1

21.7

21.8

18. 

DERIVATIVE FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

Balance as at 1 April, previously reported
Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 9
Balance as at 1 April, restated
Fair value gains/ (losses)
- included in income statement 
- included in ‘Hedging Reserve’
Settlement of swaps for bonds repaid 
Translation differences

Group

Company

2019
S$ Mil

60.6 
4.0 
64.6 

163.5 
59.6 
6.2 
(13.9)

2018
S$ Mil

243.6 
1.7 
245.3 

(97.5)
(10.3)
(61.4)
(11.5)

2019
S$ Mil

(159.7)
24.6 
(135.1)

50.1 
19.3 
-  
-  

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

0.2

23.6

23.8

2018
S$ Mil

(88.0)
24.6 
(63.4)

(63.5)
(8.2)
-  
-  

Balance as at 31 March

280.0 

64.6 

(65.7)

(135.1)

Disclosed as –
  Current asset
  Non-current asset
  Current liability
  Non-current liability

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

155.1 
283.6 
(9.2)
(149.5)

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

22.6 
388.3 
(69.3)
(277.0)

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

106.1 
434.4 
(15.8)
(279.4)

0.7 
125.9 
(0.5)
(191.8)

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

70.1 
130.6 
(84.9)
(250.9)

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

105.9 
283.5 
(108.8)
(344.0)

280.0 

64.6 

245.3 

(65.7)

(135.1)

(63.4)

191

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

18.1 

Fair Values

The  fair  values  of  the  currency  and  interest  rate  swap  contracts  exclude  accrued  interest  of  S$16.3  million  
(31 March 2018: S$16.8 million). The accrued interest is separately disclosed in Note 16 and Note 27.

The fair values of the derivative financial instruments were as follows –

2019

Fair value and cash flow hedges
  Cross currency swaps
Interest rate swaps

  Forward foreign exchange contracts

Derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting
  Cross currency swaps
Interest rate swaps

  Forward foreign exchange contracts

Disclosed as –
  Current
  Non-current

Group
Fair values 

Company
Fair values

Assets
S$ Mil

Liabilities
S$ Mil

Assets
S$ Mil

Liabilities
S$ Mil

414.6
11.1
12.9

-
-
0.1

95.5
59.8
1.5

-
1.9
-

1.0
-
3.3

104.7
17.5
0.1

60.2
8.9
1.0

104.7
17.5
-

438.7

158.7

126.6

192.3

155.1
283.6

9.2
149.5

0.7
125.9

0.5
191.8

438.7

158.7

126.6

192.3

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

192

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

18.1 

Fair Values (Cont’d)

2018

Fair value and cash flow hedges
  Cross currency swaps
Interest rate swaps

  Forward foreign exchange contracts

Group
Fair values 

Company
Fair values

Assets
S$ Mil

Liabilities
S$ Mil

Assets
S$ Mil

Liabilities
S$ Mil

397.3 
13.5 
0.1 

228.4 
88.3 
25.2 

-  
-  
-  

111.1 
7.2 
16.8 

182.5 
18.2 

Derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting
  Cross currency swaps
Interest rate swaps

-  
-  

-  
4.4 

182.5 
18.2 

Disclosed as –
  Current
  Non-current

2017

Fair value and cash flow hedges
  Cross currency swaps
Interest rate swaps

  Forward foreign exchange contracts

Derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting
  Cross currency swaps
Interest rate swaps

  Forward foreign exchange contracts

Disclosed as –
  Current
  Non-current

410.9 

346.3 

200.7 

335.8 

22.6 
388.3 

69.3 
277.0 

70.1 
130.6 

84.9 
250.9 

410.9 

346.3 

200.7 

335.8 

Group
Fair values 

Company
Fair values

Assets
S$ Mil

Liabilities
S$ Mil

Assets
S$ Mil

Liabilities
S$ Mil

509.1 
29.1 
2.1 

-  
-  
0.2 

129.0 
131.5 
27.1 

-  
7.6 
-  

2.5 
-  
2.1 

346.5 
38.3 
-  

50.3 
7.5 
10.2 

346.5 
38.3 
-  

540.5 

295.2 

389.4 

452.8 

106.1 
434.4 

15.8 
279.4 

105.9 
283.5 

108.8 
344.0 

540.5 

295.2 

389.4 

452.8 

193

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

18.1 

Fair Values (Cont’d)

The cash flow hedges are designated for foreign currency commitments and repayments of principal and interest 
of foreign currency denominated bonds. 

The forecast transactions for the foreign currency commitments are expected to occur in the financial year ending 
31 March 2020, while the forecast transactions for the repayment of principal and interest of the foreign currency 
denominated bonds will occur according to the timing disclosed in Note 28.

As at 31 March 2019, the details of the outstanding derivative financial instruments were as follows –

31 March
2019

Group
31 March
2018

1 April
2017

31 March
2019

Company

31 March
2018

1 April
2017

Interest rate swaps

Notional principal 

(S$ million equivalent)

  Fixed interest rates
  Floating interest rates

Cross currency swaps
Notional principal 

(S$ million equivalent)

  Fixed interest rates
  Floating interest rates

Forward foreign exchange

Notional principal 

(S$ million equivalent)

2,557.4 

4,639.6 
2.0% - 6.2% 2.0% - 6.2% 1.2% - 6.2% 2.0% - 4.5% 2.0% - 4.5% 1.2% - 4.5%
1.8% - 3.6% 2.0% - 3.2% 1.8% - 2.3% 1.8% - 3.6% 1.1% - 3.2% 1.1% - 2.3%

3,680.9 

2,702.5 

2,838.4 

2,663.4 

4,600.2 

7,543.6 
2.6% - 7.5% 1.9% - 7.5% 1.9% - 7.5% 2.4% - 5.2% 0.9% - 5.2% 0.9% - 5.2%
2.3% - 4.0% 1.5% - 3.5% 1.5% - 3.3% 2.3% - 4.0% 1.5% - 3.3% 1.5% - 3.2%

6,073.3 

5,256.8 

4,794.9 

5,014.4 

705.7 

846.5 

1,358.2 

306.3 

304.1 

713.3 

The interest rate swaps entered into by the Group are re-priced at intervals ranging from monthly to six-monthly 
periods. The interest rate swaps entered by the Company are re-priced every six months.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

194

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

l

a
t
o
T

l
i

M
$
S

l
i

M
$
S

l

a
t
i
p
a
C

-
n
i
-
k
r
o
w

s
s
e
r
g
o
r
p

r
e
h
t
O

l
i

M
$
S

d
n
a
t
n
a
p

l

t
n
e
m
p
u
q
e

i

.

9
9
3
5
3
3

,

.

1
9
6
5
1

,

.

5
2
5
2
7

,

i

g
n
h
c
t
i

w
S

l
i

M
$
S

t
n
e
m
p
u
q
e

i

l
i

M
$
S

d
n
a
t
n
a
p

l

t
n
e
m
p
u
q
e

i

n
o
i
s
s
i
m
s
n
a
r
T

l
i

M
$
S

s
g
n
d

i

l
i

u
B

d
n
a

l

l
i

M
$
S

d
n
a

l

l
i

M
$
S

l

d
o
h
e
s
a
e
L

l

d
o
h
e
e
r
F

.

)
2
2
7
9
(

)
6
1
(

.

-

.

)
2
3
6
1
(

.

)
4
7
0
8
(

-

-

.

5
2
4
9
1

,

.

2
9
2
7
1

,

.

)
9
9
8
3
(

)
1
2
(

.

1
0

.

.

)
9
2
3
(

.

)
4
5
0
1
(

.

)
9
9
3
0
1
(

,

-

-

.

)
7
2
4
(

.

)
9
9
8
5
1
(

,

.

2
9
3
1

.

)
6
6
9
1
(

1
0

.

)
1
0
(

.

.

9
8
3
5

.

)
0
7
9
1
(

.

8
8
1

.

)
8
8
3
1
(

-

-

.

3
3
7

.

)
4
8
4
(

-

.

3
0
5

.

)
0
5
4
(

.

)
9
8
1
(

.

3
5
5
8

.

)
1
7
3
7
(

-

-

4
0

.

.

)
0
4
(

.

0
7
1

.

)
3
4
1
(

-

6
4

.

)
4
3
(

.

.

)
9
3
1
(

-

5
0

.

.

7
7
6
5
2
3

,

.

5
7
6
5
1

,

.

5
2
5
2
7

,

.

9
7
1
6
2

,

.

8
2
3
9
9
1

,

.

1
1
1
9

.

7
4
6
2

.

1
1
8
7
2

,

.

2
0
4
7
0
2

,

.

1
1
1
9

.

7
4
6
2

-

-

-

-

-

.

2
1
2

-

.

2
1
2

d
e
t
a
t
s
e
r

,

8
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

1
)
I
(
S
R
F
S
f
o
n
o
i
t
p
o
d
a
f
o
s
t
c
e
f
f
E

,

8
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

d
e
t
r
o
p
e
r
y
l
s
u
o
v
e
r
p

i

)
s
e
t
a
b
e
r

f
o
t
e
n
(

s
n
o
i
t
i
d
d
A

s
f
f
o
-
e
t
i
r

W
/
s
l
a
s
o
p
s
i
D

i

y
r
a
d
i
s
b
u
s
a
f
o
n
o
i
t
i
s
i
u
q
c
A

i

y
r
a
d
i
s
b
u
s
a
f
o

l

a
s
o
p
s
i
D

9
1
0
2
-
p
u
o
r
G

t
s
o
C

I

T
N
E
M
P
U
Q
E
D
N
A
T
N
A
L
P

,

Y
T
R
E
P
O
R
P

.

9
1

195

s
t
n
e
m

j

t
s
u
d
A
/
s
n
o
i
t
a
c
i
f
i
s
s
a
c
e
R

l

.

8
2
2
5
2

,

.

4
7
3
0
0
2

,

.

2
0
1
9

.

5
2
5
2

.

3
0
2

9
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

)
9
0
(

.

s
e
c
n
e
r
e
f
f
i
d
n
o
i
t
a
l
s
n
a
r
T

.

2
2
4
9
2
3

,

.

0
2
6
6
1

,

.

)
5
5
2
6
(

.

7
3
0
7
1
2

,

.

2
8
7
0
1
2

,

.

1
6
9
8
1

,

.

)
6
3
6
3
(

.

)
1
2
3
(

.

)
6
8
3
(

.

)
0
3
8
6
(

.

0
7
5
8
1
2

,

)
6
0
(

.

.

4
5
3

.

8
4
3

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

4
0
5
0
1
1

,

.

0
2
6
6
1

,

.

0
7
3
5
7

,

.

8
3
3
1
5

,

-

.

)
1
4
3
1
(

.

)
4
1
9
4
(

-

.

3
8
8
6

.

)
6
8
8
1
(

)
1
0
(

.

.

)
6
8
3
(

-

-

.

7
4
3
1

.

)
8
8
3
1
(

-

.

)
3
2
3
(

.

)
1
8
1
(

.

8
4
4
0
1

,

.

8
3
3
1
5

,

.

3
6
8
9
1

,

.

6
5
1
5
3
1

,

-

-

)
4
3
(

.

.

0
4
2

.

7
0
6
3

.

)
7
7
4
1
(

.

)
8
0
3
(

.

)
4
4
0
5
(

)
6
0
(

.

.

4
0
2
1
2

,

.

0
7
0
0
4
1

,

.

7
0
6
3

.

8
1
8

-

3
4

.

.

8
1
8

)
5
0
(

.

.

)
9
3
1
(

-

5
0

.

)
6
0
(

.

.

4
0
2

.

8
9
1

.

1
7
4
4
5

,

.

1
0
7
0
2

,

.

4
1
5
9
1

,

-

3
0

.

3
0

.

.

1
1
7
5

.

6
5
0
0
4
1

,

.

7
0
8
3

.

2
2
7

-

4
5

.

4
5

.

-

3
7

.

3
7

.

-

0
2

.

0
2

.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

d
e
t
a
t
s
e
r

,

8
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

r
a
e
y
e
h
t

r
o
f
e
g
r
a
h
c
n
o
i
t
a
c
e
r
p
e
D

i

1
)
I
(
S
R
F
S
f
o
n
o
i
t
p
o
d
a
f
o
s
t
c
e
f
f
E

i

y
r
a
d
i
s
b
u
s
a
f
o

l

a
s
o
p
s
i
D

s
f
f
o
-
e
t
i
r

W
/
s
l
a
s
o
p
s
i
D

,

8
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

d
e
t
r
o
p
e
r
y
l
s
u
o
v
e
r
p

i

n
o
i
t
a
i
c
e
r
p
e
d
d
e
t
a
u
m
u
c
c
A

l

s
t
n
e
m

j

t
s
u
d
A
/
s
n
o
i
t
a
c
i
f
i
s
s
a
c
e
R

l

9
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

s
e
c
n
e
r
e
f
f
i
d
n
o
i
t
a
l
s
n
a
r
T

9
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

8
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

s
e
c
n
e
r
e
f
f
i
d
n
o
i
t
a
l
s
n
a
r
T

t
n
e
m

r
i
a
p
m

i

l

d
e
t
a
u
m
u
c
c
A

.

4
6
2
0
6

,

.

2
2
2
5

.

3
8
7
1

.

3
0
2

9
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
u
a
V
k
o
o
B
t
e
N

l

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

)
7
4
(

.

.

6
0
1

.

)
1
9
3
4
(

.

2
8
6
4
2

,

.

3
2
9
8
1
3

,

-

-

.

6
4
1
6
1

,

.

1
1
0
1
2

,

.

)
6
2
9
0
2
(

,

.

)
6
9
5
3
1
(

,

.

)
6
5
5
(

.

7
7
6
5
2
3

,

.

5
7
6
5
1

,

.

9
6
3
9
0
2

,

.

)
4
5
3
5
(

.

5
1
0
4
0
2

,

.

0
1
5
9
1

,

)
7
4
(

.

.

)
9
7
9
3
(

.

)
7
1
7
8
(

.

2
8
7
0
1
2

,

5
1

.

)
8
0
(

.

.

7
4
3

.

4
5
3

.

1
4
5
4
1
1

,

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

5
7
6
5
1

,

l

a
t
o
T

l
i

M
$
S

l
i

M
$
S

l

a
t
i
p
a
C

-
n
i
-
k
r
o
w

s
s
e
r
g
o
r
p

r
e
h
t
O

l
i

M
$
S

d
n
a
t
n
a
p

l

t
n
e
m
p
u
q
e

i

i

g
n
h
c
t
i

w
S

l
i

M
$
S

t
n
e
m
p
u
q
e

i

l
i

M
$
S

d
n
a
t
n
a
p

l

t
n
e
m
p
u
q
e

i

n
o
i
s
s
i
m
s
n
a
r
T

l
i

M
$
S

s
g
n
d

i

l
i

u
B

d
n
a

l

l
i

M
$
S

d
n
a

l

l
i

M
$
S

l

d
o
h
e
s
a
e
L

l

d
o
h
e
e
r
F

.

)
2
2
7
9
(

)
6
1
(

.

-

.

)
2
3
6
1
(

.

)
4
7
0
8
(

-

.

5
4
6
8
2
3

,

.

2
6
1
6
1

,

.

6
9
7
6
6

,

.

8
7
2
9
2

,

.

2
3
3
5
0
2

,

.

5
9
1
8

.

7
5
6
2

.

2
9
2
2

.

)
7
0
4
1
(

.

6
0
1

.

5
9
3
7

.

)
7
5
6
2
(

.

5
4
3

.

)
9
5
1
2
(

-

.

)
4
5
6
(

.

1
0
0
1

.

6
9
7
6
6

,

.

6
4
6
7
2

,

-

.

)
5
2
8
(

.

4
2
0
1

.

8
5
2
7
9
1

,

.

)
1
2
5
9
(

.

2
9
3
1
1

,

-

-

0
1

.

.

5
9
1
8

.

)
5
8
1
(

.

1
9
0
1

-

-

-

-

-

.

7
5
6
2

-

-

-

-

.

5
2
2

-

.

5
2
2

d
e
t
a
t
s
e
r

,

7
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

1
)
I
(
S
R
F
S
f
o
n
o
i
t
p
o
d
a
f
o
s
t
c
e
f
f
E

,

7
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

d
e
t
r
o
p
e
r
y
l
s
u
o
v
e
r
p

i

)
s
e
t
a
b
e
r

f
o
t
e
n
(

s
n
o
i
t
i
d
d
A

s
f
f
o
-
e
t
i
r

W
/
s
l
a
s
o
p
s
i
D

i

y
r
a
d
i
s
b
u
s
a
f
o
n
o
i
t
i
s
i
u
q
c
A

8
1
0
2
-
p
u
o
r
G

t
s
o
C

s
t
n
e
m

j

t
s
u
d
A
/
s
n
o
i
t
a
c
i
f
i
s
s
a
c
e
R

l

)
0
1
(

.

)
3
1
(

.

s
e
c
n
e
r
e
f
f
i
d
n
o
i
t
a
l
s
n
a
r
T

.

5
2
5
2
7

,

.

9
7
1
6
2

,

.

8
2
3
9
9
1

,

.

1
1
1
9

.

7
4
6
2

.

2
1
2

8
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

I

)
d
’
t
n
o
C
(
T
N
E
M
P
U
Q
E
D
N
A
T
N
A
L
P

,

Y
T
R
E
P
O
R
P

.

9
1

-

.

)
2
3
1
1
(

.

)
2
2
2
4
(

-

.

2
3
9
7
4

,

.

4
3
2
2
2

,

.

7
5
0
5
3
1

,

.

9
5
3
3

)
8
3
(

.

.

4
0
6
6

.

)
6
0
2
1
(

.

)
4
5
9
1
(

.

8
8
3
1

.

)
9
5
1
2
(

)
1
6
(

.

.

)
7
0
4
(

7
2

.

.

)
4
1
6
(

.

)
1
4
3
6
(

.

9
4
2
1
1

,

.

2
3
9
7
4

,

.

2
0
1
1
2

,

.

5
3
8
0
3
1

,

-

5
2

.

)
5
0
(

.

.

8
2
2

.

9
5
3
3

.

7
8
7

-

1
4

.

.

7
8
7

-

-

)
0
1
(

.

.

8
3
3
1
5

,

.

3
6
8
9
1

,

5
1

.

)
8
0
(

.

.

7
9
1

.

4
0
2

.

3
8
9
0
2

,

-

-

3
0

.

3
0

.

.

3
1
3
6

.

6
5
1
5
3
1

,

.

7
0
6
3

.

8
1
8

-

-

4
5

.

4
5

.

-

-

3
7

.

3
7

.

-

-

0
2

.

0
2

.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

d
e
t
a
t
s
e
r

,

7
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

r
a
e
y
e
h
t

r
o
f
e
g
r
a
h
c
n
o
i
t
a
c
e
r
p
e
D

i

1
)
I
(
S
R
F
S
f
o
n
o
i
t
p
o
d
a
f
o
s
t
c
e
f
f
E

s
f
f
o
-
e
t
i
r

W
/
s
l
a
s
o
p
s
i
D

,

7
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

d
e
t
r
o
p
e
r
y
l
s
u
o
v
e
r
p

i

n
o
i
t
a
i
c
e
r
p
e
d
d
e
t
a
u
m
u
c
c
A

l

s
t
n
e
m

j

t
s
u
d
A
/
s
n
o
i
t
a
c
i
f
i
s
s
a
c
e
R

l

8
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

s
e
c
n
e
r
e
f
f
i
d
n
o
i
t
a
l
s
n
a
r
T

7
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

t
n
e
m

r
i
a
p
m

i

l

d
e
t
a
u
m
u
c
c
A

r
a
e
y
e
h
t

r
o
f
e
g
r
a
h
c
t
n
e
m

r
i
a
p
m

I

8
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

s
e
c
n
e
r
e
f
f
i
d
n
o
i
t
a
l
s
n
a
r
T

.

8
1
1
4
6

,

.

1
3
4
5

.

9
0
8
1

.

2
1
2

8
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
u
a
V
k
o
o
B
t
e
N

l

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

196

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

l

a
t
o
T

l
i

M
$
S

l
i

M
$
S

l

a
t
i
p
a
C

-
n
i
-
k
r
o
w

s
s
e
r
g
o
r
p

r
e
h
t
O

l
i

M
$
S

d
n
a
t
n
a
p

l

t
n
e
m
p
u
q
e

i

.

)
5
7
4
2
(

.

)
6
1
(

-

.

2
7
8
1
7

,

.

6
4
0
4

.

2
7
3
9
1

,

-

.

6
9
3
3

.

)
1
5
1
2
(

.

7
9
3
9
6

,

.

2
4
6
0
7

,

.

)
0
3
0
2
(

.

0
0
7
8
4

,

.

0
7
6
6
4

,

.

2
0
2
3

.

)
3
6
8
1
(

.

9
0
0
8
4

,

.

3
3
1

.

0
3
0
4

.

2
7
8
2

)
1
2
(

.

.

)
8
8
5
1
(

.

3
9
2
5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

.

0
3
2

.

)
4
3
7
(

.

3
5
8

.

2
7
3
9
1

,

.

1
2
7
9
1

,

-

.

5
6
8
2
1

,

.

5
6
8
2
1

,

.

)
8
2
6
(

.

8
4
5
1

.

5
8
7
3
1

,

i

g
n
h
c
t
i

w
S

l
i

M
$
S

t
n
e
m
p
u
q
e

i

.

3
2
9
7

.

)
1
4
2
(

.

2
8
6
7

8
1

.

.

3
8
1

.

)
1
0
0
1
(

.

2
8
8
6

.

)
9
7
1
(

.

1
0
0
7

.

4
7
3

.

2
2
8
6

.

)
1
0
0
1
(

.

5
9
1
6

.

4
1
0
3
3

,

.

1
3
2
5

.

2
8
2
2

.

)
8
1
2
2
(

-

-

.

6
9
7
0
3

,

.

1
3
2
5

.

2
8
2
2

.

6
2
2

.

)
1
2
3
(

.

3
0
5

4
0

.

.

)
0
4
(

9
4

.

-

6
4

.

)
4
3
(

.

4
0

.

-

4
0

.

-

-

-

d
e
t
a
t
s
e
r

,

8
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

1
)
I
(
S
R
F
S
f
o
n
o
i
t
p
o
d
a
f
o
s
t
c
e
f
f
E

,

8
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

d
e
t
r
o
p
e
r
y
l
s
u
o
v
e
r
p

i

)
s
e
t
a
b
e
r

f
o
t
e
n
(

s
n
o
i
t
i
d
d
A

s
f
f
o
-
e
t
i
r

W
/
s
l
a
s
o
p
s
i
D

s
n
o
i
t
a
c
i
f
i
s
s
a
c
e
R

l

.

4
0
2
1
3

,

.

4
4
2
5

.

4
9
2
2

4
0

.

9
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

l
i

M
$
S

d
n
a
t
n
a
p

l

t
n
e
m
p
u
q
e

i

n
o
i
s
s
i
m
s
n
a
r
T

l
i

M
$
S

s
g
n
d

i

l
i

u
B

d
n
a

l

l
i

M
$
S

d
n
a

l

l
i

M
$
S

l

d
o
h
e
s
a
e
L

l

d
o
h
e
e
r
F

9
1
0
2
-
y
n
a
p
m
o
C

t
s
o
C

I

)
d
’
t
n
o
C
(
T
N
E
M
P
U
Q
E
D
N
A
T
N
A
L
P

,

Y
T
R
E
P
O
R
P

.

9
1

197

.

)
1
5
8
1
(

-

.

2
1
3
5
2

,

.

0
3
9
2

.

)
5
9
1
(

.

2
3
0
1

.

1
6
4
3
2

,

.

)
4
3
(

.

8
0
2

.

0
3
9
2

-

.

2
9
5

0
4

.

.

2
9
5

)
5
0
(

.

.

8
9
2
4
2

,

.

4
0
1
3

.

7
2
6

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

d
e
t
a
t
s
e
r

,

8
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

r
a
e
y
e
h
t

r
o
f
e
g
r
a
h
c
n
o
i
t
a
c
e
r
p
e
D

i

1
)
I
(
S
R
F
S
f
o
n
o
i
t
p
o
d
a
f
o
s
t
c
e
f
f
E

s
f
f
o
-
e
t
i
r

W
/
s
l
a
s
o
p
s
i
D

,

8
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

d
e
t
r
o
p
e
r
y
l
s
u
o
v
e
r
p

i

n
o
i
t
a
i
c
e
r
p
e
d
d
e
t
a
u
m
u
c
c
A

l

9
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

8
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

9
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
d
n
a

t
n
e
m

r
i
a
p
m

i

l

d
e
t
a
u
m
u
c
c
  A

-

-

1
4

.

2
7

.

0
2

.

.

0
0
5
2
2

,

.

3
9
2
5

.

6
3
9
5

.

7
8
6

.

5
6
8
6

.

8
6
0
2

.

7
4
6
1

4
0

.

9
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
u
a
V
k
o
o
B
t
e
N

l

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

l

a
t
o
T

l
i

M
$
S

l
i

M
$
S

l

a
t
i
p
a
C

-
n
i
-
k
r
o
w

s
s
e
r
g
o
r
p

r
e
h
t
O

l
i

M
$
S

d
n
a
t
n
a
p

l

t
n
e
m
p
u
q
e

i

.

)
5
7
4
2
(

.

0
7
0
2
7

,

.

5
9
5
9
6

,

-

.

1
7
5
3

.

)
9
6
7
3
(

.

7
9
3
9
6

,

.

2
7
6
8
4

,

.

)
6
7
8
1
(

.

6
9
7
6
4

,

-

.

5
3
2
3

.

)
1
6
3
3
(

.

0
7
6
6
4

,

.

3
3
1

)
6
1
(

.

.

6
2
0
5

.

0
1
0
5

.

5
9
0
2

-

.

)
5
7
0
3
(

.

0
3
0
4

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

1
4

.

2
7

.

0
2

.

-

.

7
2
1
8
1

,

.

7
2
1
8
1

,

.

6
4
8

.

)
6
4
0
1
(

.

5
4
4
1

.

2
7
3
9
1

,

.

7
7
0
2
1

,

-

.

7
7
0
2
1

,

)
5
2
(

.

.

)
8
4
8
(

.

1
6
6
1

.

5
6
8
2
1

,

i

g
n
h
c
t
i

w
S

l
i

M
$
S

t
n
e
m
p
u
q
e

i

.

)
1
4
2
(

.

0
1
3
9

.

8
9
1

.

9
6
0
9

.

2
6
3

.

)
7
4
9
1
(

.

2
8
6
7

.

)
7
1
1
(

.

8
2
5
8

.

8
5
3

.

1
1
4
8

.

)
7
4
9
1
(

-

.

2
2
8
6

.

2
3
4

.

)
6
7
7
(

.

7
6
3

-

-

.

1
0
9

-

-

-

.

)
8
1
2
2
(

-

-

.

1
9
9
2
3

,

.

0
3
3
4

.

2
8
2
2

.

3
7
7
0
3

,

.

0
3
3
4

.

2
8
2
2

4
0

.

-

4
0

.

-

-

-

d
e
t
a
t
s
e
r

,

7
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

1
)
I
(
S
R
F
S
f
o
n
o
i
t
p
o
d
a
f
o
s
t
c
e
f
f
E

,

7
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

d
e
t
r
o
p
e
r
y
l
s
u
o
v
e
r
p

i

)
s
e
t
a
b
e
r

f
o
t
e
n
(

s
n
o
i
t
i
d
d
A

s
f
f
o
-
e
t
i
r

W
/
s
l
a
s
o
p
s
i
D

s
n
o
i
t
a
c
i
f
i
s
s
a
c
e
R

l

.

6
9
7
0
3

,

.

1
3
2
5

.

2
8
2
2

4
0

.

8
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

l
i

M
$
S

d
n
a
t
n
a
p

l

t
n
e
m
p
u
q
e

i

n
o
i
s
s
i
m
s
n
a
r
T

l
i

M
$
S

s
g
n
d

i

l
i

u
B

d
n
a

l

l
i

M
$
S

d
n
a

l

l
i

M
$
S

l

d
o
h
e
s
a
e
L

l

d
o
h
e
e
r
F

8
1
0
2
-
y
n
a
p
m
o
C

t
s
o
C

I

)
d
’
t
n
o
C
(
T
N
E
M
P
U
Q
E
D
N
A
T
N
A
L
P

,

Y
T
R
E
P
O
R
P

.

9
1

.

4
8
6
4
2

,

.

8
1
8
2

.

)
9
5
7
1
(

-

-

.

)
6
6
5
(

.

2
0
1
1

.

5
2
9
2
2

,

7
8

.

-

5
2

.

.

8
1
8
2

-

.

5
6
5

7
2

.

.

5
6
5

-

-

.

1
6
4
3
2

,

.

0
3
9
2

.

2
9
5

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

d
e
t
a
t
s
e
r

,

7
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

r
a
e
y
e
h
t

r
o
f
e
g
r
a
h
c
n
o
i
t
a
c
e
r
p
e
D

i

1
)
I
(
S
R
F
S
f
o
n
o
i
t
p
o
d
a
f
o
s
t
c
e
f
f
E

s
f
f
o
-
e
t
i
r

W
/
s
l
a
s
o
p
s
i
D

s
n
o
i
t
a
c
i
f
i
s
s
a
c
e
R

l

,

7
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

d
e
t
r
o
p
e
r
y
l
s
u
o
v
e
r
p

i

n
o
i
t
a
i
c
e
r
p
e
d
d
e
t
a
u
m
u
c
c
A

l

8
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

7
1
0
2

l
i
r
p
A
1
t
a
s
a
e
c
n
a
a
B

l

8
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
d
n
a

t
n
e
m

r
i
a
p
m

i

l

d
e
t
a
u
m
u
c
c
A

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

.

4
9
5
2
2

,

.

0
3
0
4

.

7
0
5
6

.

0
6
8

.

4
9
2
7

.

9
2
2
2

.

0
7
6
1

.

4
0

8
1
0
2
h
c
r
a
M
1
3
t
a
s
a
e
u
a
V
k
o
o
B
t
e
N

l

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

198

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

19. 

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (Cont’d)

Property, plant and equipment included the following –

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

14.4 
188.3 

37.0 
204.6 

78.6 
235.4 

6.9 
25.9 

10.8 
31.2 

29.2 
35.6 

Net book value of property, 
plant and equipment

Assets acquired under 

finance leases

Staff costs capitalised 

20. 

INTANGIBLE ASSETS

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

11,538.3 
2,116.2 
183.9 
178.3 

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

11,372.2 
2,355.5 
204.6 
36.8 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

11,164.6 
1,565.5 
302.5 
40.2 

14,016.7 

13,969.1 

13,072.8 

Group

2019
S$ Mil

 2018
S$ Mil

11,372.2 
109.9 
56.2 

11,164.6 
347.5 
(139.9)

11,538.3 

11,372.2 

Goodwill on acquisition of subsidiaries
Telecommunications and spectrum licences
Technology and brand
Customer relationships and others

20.1  Goodwill on Acquisition of Subsidiaries

Balance as at 1 April 
Acquisition of subsidiaries
Translation differences

Balance as at 31 March

199

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

20.2  Telecommunications and Spectrum Licences

Balance as at 1 April 
Additions
Amortisation for the year
Reclassification
Translation differences

Group

2019
S$ Mil

2,355.5 
130.2 
(210.0)
(71.8)
(87.7)

 2018
S$ Mil

1,565.5 
1,118.3 
(221.6)
-  
(106.7)

Balance as at 31 March

2,116.2 

2,355.5 

Cost
Accumulated amortisation
Accumulated impairment

3,622.9 
(1,500.5)
(6.2)

3,817.1 
(1,455.4)
(6.2)

Net book value as at 31 March

2,116.2 

2,355.5 

20.3  Technology and Brand

Balance as at 1 April 
Acquisition of a subsidiary
Amortisation for the year
Impairment charge for the year 
Translation differences

Balance as at 31 March

Cost
Accumulated amortisation
Accumulated impairment 

Net book value as at 31 March

Company

2019
S$ Mil

 2018
S$ Mil

-  
-  
-  
-  
-  

-  

-  
-  
-  

-  

-  
-  
-  
-  
-  

-  

8.4 
(8.4)
-  

-  

Group

2019
S$ Mil

204.6 
18.8 
(46.5)
-  
7.0 

 2018
S$ Mil

302.5 
53.3 
(58.5)
(75.8)
(16.9)

183.9 

204.6 

611.7 
(334.8)
(93.0)

586.3 
(288.6)
(93.1)

183.9 

204.6 

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

200

 
 
 
 
  
  
 
  
 
 
 
 
  
  
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

20.4  Customer Relationships and Others

Balance as at 1 April
Additions
Amortisation for the year
Disposals
Reclassification/ adjustment
Translation differences

Balance as at 31 March

Cost
Accumulated amortisation

Net book value as at 31 March

21. 

SUBSIDIARIES

Unquoted equity shares, at cost
Shareholders’ advances 
Deemed investment in a subsidiary 

Less: Allowance for impairment losses

Group

2019
S$ Mil

36.8 
86.6 
(69.6)
(0.1)
125.3 
(0.7)

 2018
S$ Mil

40.2 
17.9 
(20.4)
-  
-  
(0.9)

178.3 

36.8 

437.1 
(258.8)

135.8 
(99.0)

178.3 

36.8 

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

14,259.7 
5,733.0 
32.5 
20,025.2 
(16.0)

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

13,676.4 
5,733.0 
32.5 
19,441.9 
(16.0)

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

11,001.2 
6,423.3 
32.5 
17,457.0 
(16.0)

20,009.2 

19,425.9 

17,441.0 

The advances given to subsidiaries were interest-free and unsecured with settlement neither planned nor likely to 
occur in the foreseeable future.

The deemed investment in a subsidiary, Singtel Group Treasury Pte. Ltd. (“SGT”), arose from financial guarantees 
provided by the Company for loans drawn down by SGT prior to 1 April 2010. 

The significant subsidiaries of the Group are set out in Note 44.1 to Note 44.3.

201

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

22. 

JOINT VENTURES

Quoted equity shares, at cost
Unquoted equity shares, at cost

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

2,798.4 
5,777.9 
8,576.3 

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

2,798.4 
5,778.7 
8,577.1 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

2,798.4 
5,240.8 
8,039.2 

-  
22.8 
22.8 

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

-  
22.8 
22.8 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

-  
23.0 
23.0 

Goodwill on consolidation adjusted 
against shareholders’ equity
Share of post-acquisition reserves 

(net of dividends, and accumulated 
amortisation of goodwill)

Translation differences

(1,225.9)

(1,225.9)

(1,225.9)

9,635.7 
(4,098.2)
4,311.6 

9,414.8 
(3,949.5)
4,239.4 

8,717.6 
(3,215.6)
4,276.1 

Less: Allowance for impairment losses

(30.0)

(30.0)

(30.0)

-  

-  
-  
-  

-  

-  

-  
-  
-  

-  

-  

-  
-  
-  

-  

12,857.9 

12,786.5 

12,285.3 

22.8 

22.8 

23.0 

As at 31 March 2019, 

(i) 

(ii) 

The  market  value  of  the  quoted  equity  shares  in  joint  ventures  held  by  the  Group  was  S$18.89  billion  
(31 March 2018: S$21.29 billion).

The  Group’s  proportionate  interest  in  the  capital  commitments  of  joint  ventures  was  S$1.97  billion  
(31 March 2018: S$2.14 billion).

The details of joint ventures are set out in Note 44.5.

Optus has an interest in an unincorporated joint operation to share certain 4G network sites and radio infrastructure 
across Australia whereby it holds an interest of 50% (31 March 2018: 50%) in the assets, with access to the shared 
network and shares 50% (31 March 2018: 50%) of the cost of building and operating the network.

The  Group’s  property,  plant  and  equipment  included  the  Group’s  interest  in  the  property,  plant  and  equipment 
employed in the unincorporated joint operation was S$1.10 billion (31 March 2018: S$1.08 billion).

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

202

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

22. 

JOINT VENTURES (Cont’d)

The  summarised  financial  information  of  the  Group’s  significant  joint  ventures  namely  Bharti  Airtel  Limited 
(“Airtel”), PT Telekomunikasi Selular (“Telkomsel”), Globe Telecom, Inc. (“Globe”) and Advanced Info Service Public 
Company Limited (“AIS”), based on their financial statements and a reconciliation with the carrying amounts of the  
investments in the consolidated financial statements were as follows –

Airtel 
S$ Mil

Telkomsel
S$ Mil

Globe 
S$ Mil

AIS
S$ Mil

Group - 2019

Statement of comprehensive income 
Revenue 
Depreciation and amortisation 
Interest income
Interest expense 
Income tax credit/ (expense) 

Profit after tax 
Other comprehensive (loss)/ income

15,671.4
(4,141.4)
276.3
(2,123.0)
663.3

183.5
(202.3)

8,461.0
(1,265.9)
50.1
(99.3)
(816.1)

2,407.6
36.0

Total comprehensive (loss)/ income 

(18.8)

2,443.6

Statement of financial position 
Current assets
Non-current assets
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities

Net assets 
Less: Non-controlling interests 

6,448.6
47,339.4
(18,236.1)
(19,113.3)

16,438.6
(2,558.1)

2,614.3
5,893.0
(2,138.8)
(913.0)

5,455.5
*

3,980.2
(793.7)
13.6
(166.6)
(249.4)

532.5
5.3

537.8

1,724.0
5,838.9
(1,981.4)
(3,606.5)

1,975.0
0.6

7,146.6
(1,455.6)
6.8
(141.0)
(243.5)

1,228.3
-

1,228.3

1,965.8
10,700.0
(3,388.7)
(6,853.1)

2,424.0
(5.4)

Net assets attributable to equity holders

13,880.5

5,455.5

1,975.6

2,418.6

Proportion of the Group’s ownership 
Group’s share of net assets 
Goodwill capitalised 
Others (2)

39.5%
5,484.2
1,508.4
427.8

35.0%
1,909.4
1,403.6
-

47.1%
930.1
375.1
(129.5)

23.3% (1)
564.0
308.1
(8.1)

Carrying amount of the investment 

7,420.4

3,313.0

1,175.7

864.0

Other items
Cash and cash equivalents 
Non-current financial liabilities excluding trade  

and other payables

Current financial liabilities excluding trade  

and other payables 

1,588.5

1,267.3

427.0

960.5

(18,359.7)

(560.9)

(3,352.2)

(482.1)

(7,732.5)

(78.8)

(224.8)

(3,929.1)

Group’s share of market value 

10,309.9

NA

3,130.5

5,447.4

Dividends received during the year

58.7

954.4

144.1

211.2

‘‘NA’’ denotes Not Applicable.
“*” denotes amount of less than S$0.05 million

Notes:
(1)  Based on the Group’s direct equity interest in AIS. 
(2)  Others include adjustments to align the respective local accounting standards to SFRS(I).

203

 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

22. 

JOINT VENTURES (Cont’d)

Group - 2018

Statement of comprehensive income 
Revenue 
Depreciation and amortisation 
Interest income
Interest expense 
Income tax expense 

Profit after tax 
Other comprehensive (loss)/ income

Airtel 
S$ Mil

Telkomsel
S$ Mil

Globe 
S$ Mil

AIS
S$ Mil

17,574.5 
(4,041.1)
283.5 
(1,958.4)
(227.5)

191.4 
(234.8)

9,384.0 
(1,399.4)
81.5 
(55.8)
(974.5)

2,946.4 
(39.6)

3,724.4 
(757.2)
4.4 
(172.4)
(184.9)

420.6 
29.5 

6,564.2 
(1,286.7)
7.4 
(137.7)
(239.7)

1,249.8 
33.6 

Total comprehensive (loss)/ income 

(43.4)

2,906.8 

450.1 

1,283.4 

Statement of financial position 
Current assets
Non-current assets
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities

Net assets 
Less: Non-controlling interests 

6,746.1 
43,560.9 
(15,756.0)
(19,002.1)

15,548.9 
(1,684.8)

2,979.5 
5,759.2 
(2,295.3)
(693.3)

5,750.1 
-  

1,446.2 
5,543.2 
(2,112.2)
(3,165.0)

1,712.2 
0.9 

1,499.3 
10,597.9 
(3,107.5)
(6,916.1)

2,073.6 
(13.6)

Net assets attributable to equity holders

13,864.1 

5,750.1 

1,713.1 

2,060.0 

Proportion of the Group’s ownership 
Group’s share of net assets 
Goodwill capitalised 
Others (2)

39.5%
5,477.7 
1,548.8 
426.6 

35.0%
2,012.5 
1,403.6 
-  

47.1%
807.4 
373.4 
(126.4)

23.3% (1)
480.4 
303.0 
(7.7)

Carrying amount of the investment 

7,453.1 

3,416.1 

1,054.4 

775.7 

Other items
Cash and cash equivalents 
Non-current financial liabilities excluding trade  

and other payables

Current financial liabilities excluding trade  

and other payables 

964.3 

1,634.3 

158.3 

457.7 

(18,146.6)

(354.5)

(2,619.5)

(4,207.4)

(5,320.4)

(168.5)

(281.5)

(29.2)

Group’s share of market value 

12,680.9 

 NA 

2,551.3 

6,054.8 

Dividends received during the year

47.9 

1,017.8 

152.8 

217.1 

‘‘NA’’ denotes Not Applicable.

Notes:
(1)  Based on the Group’s direct equity interest in AIS. 
(2)  Others include adjustments to align the respective local accounting standards to SFRS(I).  

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

204

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

22. 

JOINT VENTURES (Cont’d)

Group - 2017

Statement of financial position 
Current assets
Non-current assets
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities

Net assets 
Less: Non-controlling interests 

Airtel 
S$ Mil

Telkomsel
S$ Mil

Globe 
S$ Mil

AIS
S$ Mil

4,378.4 
45,611.2 
(13,568.3)
(20,676.7)

15,744.6 
(1,399.0)

3,546.3 
6,169.6 
(2,547.9)
(886.5)

6,281.5 
-  

1,481.6 
5,548.1 
(2,344.3)
(2,909.5)

1,775.9 
0.4 

1,368.4 
10,027.2 
(2,994.1)
(6,816.6)

1,584.9 
(5.7)

Net assets attributable to equity holders

14,345.6 

6,281.5 

1,776.3 

1,579.2 

Proportion of the Group’s ownership 
Group’s share of net assets 
Goodwill capitalised 
Others (2)

36.5%
5,230.4 
1,229.0 
387.6 

35.0%
2,198.5 
1,403.6 
-  

47.1%
837.4 
381.7 
(139.9)

23.3% (1)
368.2 
293.3 
(2.4)

Carrying amount of the investment 

6,847.0 

3,602.1 

1,079.2 

659.1 

Other items
Cash and cash equivalents 
Non-current financial liabilities excluding trade  

and other payables

Current financial liabilities excluding trade 

and other payables 

348.7 

2,371.9 

229.1 

522.0 

(19,774.0)

(570.2)

   (2,658.7)

(3,690.1)

(3,884.7)

(76.6)

(353.6)

(187.4)

Group’s share of market value 

10,995.3 

 NA 

3,544.1 

5,013.9 

‘‘NA’’ denotes Not Applicable.

Notes:
(1)  Based on the Group’s direct equity interest in AIS. 
(2)  Others include adjustments to align the respective local accounting standards to SFRS(I).

The  aggregate  information  of  the  Group’s  investments  in  joint  ventures  which  are  not  individually  significant  
were as follows –

Share of profit after tax 
Share of other comprehensive loss

Share of total comprehensive income 

Aggregate carrying value 

“*” denotes amount of less than S$0.05 million

205

Group

2019
S$ Mil

9.3 

* 

9.3 

84.8 

 2018
S$ Mil

12.2 

* 

12.2 

87.2 

 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

23. 

ASSOCIATES

Quoted equity shares, at cost
Unquoted equity shares, at cost
Shareholder’s loan (unsecured)

Goodwill on consolidation adjusted 
against shareholders’ equity
Share of post-acquisition reserves 

(net of dividends, and accumulated 
amortisation of goodwill)

Translation differences

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

1,733.4 
79.2 
-  
1,812.6 

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

1,733.4 
77.2 
-  
1,810.6 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

1,589.9 
742.6 
1.7 
2,334.2 

24.7 
-  
-  
24.7 

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

24.7 
-  
-  
24.7 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

24.7 
578.8 
-  
603.5 

29.4 

29.4 

(28.3)

135.1 
138.6 
303.1 

135.5 
104.6 
269.5 

(159.2)
65.0 
(122.5)

-  

-  
-  
-  

-  

-  

-  

-  
-  
-  

-  

-  

-  

-  
-  
-  

-  

-  

Less: Allowance for impairment losses

(5.0)

(5.0)

-  

Reclassification to ‘Net deferred gain’ 

(see Note 31)

(50.5)

(74.9)

   (265.0)

2,060.2

2,000.2

  1,946.7

24.7

24.7 

603.5 

As at 31 March 2019,

(i) 

The  market  values  of  the  quoted  equity  shares  in  associates  held  by  the  Group  and  the  Company  
were  S$2.98  billion  (31  March  2018:  S$3.13  billion)  and  S$494.0  million  (31  March  2018:  S$676.8  million)  
respectively.

(ii) 

The  Group’s  proportionate  interest  in  the  capital  commitments  of  the  associates  was  S$139.9  million  
(31 March 2018: S$166.6 million).

The details of associates are set out in Note 44.4.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

206

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

23. 

ASSOCIATES (Cont’d)

The  summarised  financial  information  of  the  Group’s  significant  associate  namely  Intouch  Holdings  Public  
Company  Limited  (“Intouch”),  based  on  its  financial  statements  and  a  reconciliation  with  the  carrying  amount  
of the investment in the consolidated financial statements was as follows –

Statement of comprehensive income 
Revenue 

Profit after tax 
Other comprehensive (loss)/ income

Total comprehensive income 

Statement of financial position 
Current assets
Non-current assets
Current liabilities
Non-current liabilities

Net assets 
Less: Non-controlling interests 

2019
S$ Mil

250.1 

451.7 
(0.9)

450.8 

743.1 
1,532.5 
(305.1)
(205.5)

1,765.0 
(304.6)

2018
S$ Mil

353.9 

488.2 
10.9 

499.1 

720.0 
1,554.3 
(444.4)
(313.4)

1,516.5 
(342.2)

2017
S$ Mil

144.1 

166.1 
(1.6)

164.5 

701.9 
1,629.3 
(483.6)
(395.3)

1,452.3 
(411.6)

Net assets attributable to equity holders

1,460.4 

1,174.3 

1,040.7 

Proportion of the Group’s ownership 
Group’s share of net assets 
Goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets
Others (1)

21.0%
306.7 
1,441.7 
(46.8)

21.0%
246.6 
1,417.6 
(23.0)

21.0%
218.5 
1,371.7 
(8.4)

Carrying amount of the investment 

1,701.6 

1,641.2 

1,581.8 

Other items
Group’s share of market value 
Dividends received during the year

1,653.2 
78.5 

1,639.6 
77.8 

1,525.0 
-  

Note:
(1)  Others include adjustments to align the respective local accounting standards to SFRS(I).

The  aggregate  information  of  the  Group’s  investments  in  associates  which  are  not  individually  significant  were  
as follows –

Share of profit after tax 

Share of other comprehensive income/ (loss)

Share of total comprehensive income 

207

Group

2019
S$ Mil

49.7 

0.4 

50.1 

 2018
S$ Mil

90.2 

(2.2)

88.0 

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

24. 

IMPAIRMENT REVIEWS

Goodwill arising on acquisition of subsidiaries 

The carrying values of the Group’s goodwill on acquisition of subsidiaries as at 31 March 2019 were assessed for 
impairment during the financial year. 

Goodwill  is  allocated  for  impairment  testing  purposes  to  the  individual  entity  which  is  also  the  cash-generating  
unit (“CGU”). 

The Group is structured into three business segments, Group Consumer, Group Enterprise and Group Digital Life. 
Based on the relative fair value approach, the goodwill of Optus was fully allocated to Consumer Australia included 
in the Group Consumer segment for the purpose of goodwill impairment testing.

The  recoverable  values  of  cash-generating  units  including  goodwill  are  determined  based  on  value-in-use 
calculations.

The value-in-use calculations apply a discounted cash flow model using cash flow projections based on financial 
budgets and forecasts approved by management. The Group has used cash flow projections of five years except for 
Amobee and the Global Cyber Security business which were based on cash flow projections of thirteen years and 
ten years respectively to better reflect their stages of growth. Cash flows beyond the terminal year are extrapolated 
using the estimated growth rates stated in the table below. Key assumptions used in the calculation of value-in-use 
are growth rates, operating margins, capital expenditure and discount rates.

The terminal growth rates used do not exceed the long term average growth rates of the respective industry and 
country in which the entity operates and are consistent with forecasts included in industry reports. 

The discount rates applied to the cash flow projections are based on Weighted Average Cost of Capital (WACC) 
where the cost of a company’s debt and equity capital are weighted to reflect its capital structure. 

The details of other subsidiaries are shown in the table below: 

Group

Carrying value of goodwill in –

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

31 March
2018
S$ Mil

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

Terminal growth rate (1)
31 March
31 March
2018
2019

Pre-tax discount rate
31 March
31 March
2018
2019

  Optus Group

9,272.2 

9,279.1 

9,288.4 

3.0%

3.0%

8.4%

9.0%

  Global Cyber Security business (2)

1,046.6 

999.1 

1,064.2 

4.0%

4.0%

12.0%

11.9%

  Amobee, Inc. 

1,137.3 

1,011.8 

729.8 

3.0%

3.5%

14.3%

14.1%

  SCS Computer Systems Pte. Ltd.

82.2 

82.2 

82.2 

2.0%

2.0%

7.8%

7.4%

Notes:
(1)  Weighted average growth rate used to extrapolate cash flows beyond the terminal year.
(2)  Global Cyber Security business, which comprises the cyber security businesses across the Group including Trustwave, is considered a single CGU for 

the purpose of goodwill impairment testing. 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

208

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

24. 

IMPAIRMENT REVIEWS (Cont’d)

As at 31 March 2019, no impairment charge was required for goodwill arising from acquisition of subsidiaries, with 
any reasonably possible change to the key assumptions applied not likely to cause the recoverable values to be 
below their carrying values.

25. 

FAIR VALUE THROUGH OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (“FVOCI”) INVESTMENTS

Group

Company

Balance as at 1 April 
Additions 
Disposals/ Write-offs
Net fair value gains/ (losses) included in  

'Other Comprehensive Income'

Translation differences

 2019
S$ Mil

197.9 
437.1 
(9.6)

13.2 
8.3 

 2018
S$ Mil

192.9 
59.6 
(68.3)

9.6 
4.1 

Balance as at 31 March

646.9 

197.9 

2019
S$ Mil

5.5 
-  
-  

(0.2)
-  

5.3 

Cost
Fair value changes

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

646.5 
0.4 

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

214.9 
(17.0)

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

182.8 
10.1 

646.9 

197.9 

192.9 

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

3.3 
2.0 

5.3 

3.3 
2.2 

5.5 

FVOCI investments included the following –

Quoted equity securities
  - Singapore
  - United States of America
  - Thailand

Unquoted
  Equity securities 
  Others

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

5.3 
16.6 
-  
21.9 

600.8 
24.2 
625.0 

5.5 
4.5 
-  
10.0 

168.2 
19.7 
187.9 

7.7 
4.2 
21.4 
33.3 

149.4 
10.2 
159.6 

5.3 
-  
-  
5.3 

-  
-  
-  

5.5 
-  
-  
5.5 

-  
-  
-  

2018
S$ Mil

37.4 
-  
(31.4)

(0.5)
-  

5.5 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

9.7 
27.7 

37.4 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

7.7 
-  
21.4 
29.1 

8.3 
-  
8.3 

646.9 

197.9 

192.9 

5.3 

5.5 

37.4 

209

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

26.  OTHER ASSETS

Non-current

Capitalised contract costs (net)
Prepayments
Tax recoverable from ATO (1)
Other receivables

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

273.4 
157.8 
128.5 
84.7 

Group
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

235.0 
198.3 
134.9 
19.6 

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

239.5 
194.5 
143.2 
14.8 

31 March 
2019
S$ Mil

0.1 
130.6 
-  
-  

Company
31 March 
2018
S$ Mil

1.2 
143.7 
-  
-  

1 April 
2017
S$ Mil

5.9 
155.1 
-  
-  

644.4 

587.8 

592.0 

130.7 

144.9 

161.0 

Note:
(1) 

In November 2016, the Group paid A$134 million to the Australian Taxation Office (“ATO”) for amended tax assessments received in respect of the 
acquisition financing of Optus. This payment has been recorded as a tax recoverable from the ATO pending outcome of its objections to the ATO  
(see Note 40(b)).

The movements in capitalised contract costs (net) were as follows – 

Balance as at 1 April 
Contract costs incurred
Amortisation to operating expenses
Amortisation to mobile service revenue 
Translation differences

2019
S$ Mil

235.0 
296.4 
(132.9)
(121.4)
(3.7)

Group

 2018
S$ Mil

239.5 
252.7 
(145.0)
(108.0)
(4.2)

Balance as at 31 March

273.4 

235.0 

Company

 2019
S$ Mil

2018
S$ Mil

1.2 
0.2 
(1.3)
-
-

0.1 

5.9 
0.2 
(4.9)
-
-

1.2 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

210

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

27. 

TRADE AND OTHER PAYABLES

Trade payables
Accruals
Interest payable on borrowings and swaps
Contract liabilities (handset sales)
Deferred income
Customers’ deposits
Due to associates and joint ventures
-  trade
-  non-trade

Due to subsidiaries
-  trade
-  non-trade

Other payables

“*” denotes amount of less than S$0.05 million.

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

4,393.8
844.3
132.1
111.7
54.5
33.6

47.7
0.1
47.8

-
-
-
199.3

Group
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

3,994.0
877.0
137.9
136.4
38.3
26.6

31.0
*
31.0

-
-
-
129.8

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

Company
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

3,590.7
985.9
142.7
129.9
31.3
26.2

27.9
*
27.9

-
-
-
120.2

657.2
226.0
40.3
-
26.6
19.3

21.5
-
21.5

371.9
340.4
712.3
34.3

585.5
245.9
41.7
-
12.6
15.3

23.9
-
23.9

294.3
214.4
508.7
34.8

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

592.9
160.4
43.6
-
11.5
15.8

22.3
-
22.3

263.8
458.2
722.0
33.5

5,817.1

5,371.0

5,054.8

1,737.5

1,468.4

1,602.0

The trade payables are non-interest bearing and are generally settled on 30 or 60 days terms, with some payables 
relating to handset and network investments having payment terms of up to a year. 

The interest payable on borrowings and swaps are mainly settled on a quarterly or semi-annual basis. 

The amounts due to subsidiaries are unsecured, repayable on demand and interest-free.

28. 

BORROWINGS (UNSECURED)

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

Group
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

Company
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

Current
  Bonds
  Bank loans

Non-current
  Bonds
  Bank loans 

678.5
1,167.7

1,129.0
671.5

978.4
2,068.2

1,846.2

1,800.5

3,046.6

7,267.5
1,466.9

6,755.9
1,830.2

7,748.2
150.0

8,734.4

8,586.1

7,898.2

Total unsecured borrowings

10,580.6

10,386.6

10,944.8

211

-
-

-

786.5
-

786.5

786.5

-
-

-

739.5
-

739.5

739.5

-
-

-

802.7
-

802.7

802.7

 
 
 
 
1 April
2017
S$ Mil

-
802.7
-
-

-

-

-
-
-

-

-
-

-

-

-
-
-

-

-
-

-

-

-
-
-

-

-
-

Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

28.1  Bonds

Principal amount

US$2,100 million (1) 

( 31 March 2018: US$1,600 million
  31 March 2017: US$2,300 million)

US$500 million (1)
US$500 million (1) (2)
US$400 million

€700 million (1) (2) 

A$1,150 million (2)

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

Group
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

Company
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

2,832.0
786.5
678.5
-

2,088.8
739.5
659.5
525.1

3,201.4
802.7
711.2
559.2

-
786.5
-
-

-
739.5
-
-

1,076.8

1,150.2

1,071.0

( 31 March 2018: A$1,025 million
  31 March 2017: A$625 million)

1,100.1

1,028.2

665.0

S$600 million (1) 
S$550 million
S$150 million (2) 

¥10,000 million  

HK$1,000 million (2) 
HK$620 million 

Classified as –
  Current
  Non-current

599.8
549.8
149.9

600.0
550.0
149.9

600.0
550.0
149.9

-

123.0

124.9

172.6
-

167.1
103.6

179.8
111.5

7,946.0

7,884.9

8,726.6

786.5

739.5

802.7

678.5
7,267.5

1,129.0
6,755.9

978.4
7,748.2

-
786.5

-
739.5

-
802.7

7,946.0

7,884.9

8,726.6

786.5

739.5

802.7

Notes:
(1)  The bonds are listed on the Singapore Exchange. 
(2)   The bonds, issued by Optus Group, are subject to a negative pledge that limits the amount of secured indebtedness of certain subsidiaries of Optus.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

212

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

28.2  Bank Loans

Current
Non-current 

28.3  Maturity

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

1,167.7
1,466.9

Group
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

671.5
1,830.2

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

2,068.2
150.0

2,634.6

2,501.7

2,218.2

The maturity periods of the non-current unsecured borrowings at the end of the reporting period were as follows –

Between one and two years
Between two and five years
Over five years

28.4 

Interest Rates

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

3,116.0
2,811.3
2,807.1

Group
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

1,009.5
5,533.9
2,042.7

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

Company

31 March
2018
S$ Mil

1,346.0
3,698.2
2,854.0

-
-
786.5

-
-
739.5

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

-
-
802.7

8,734.4

8,586.1

7,898.2

786.5

739.5

802.7

The weighted average effective interest rates at the end of the reporting period were as follows –

Bonds (fixed rate)
Bonds (floating rate)
Bank loans (floating rate)

Group

Company

31 March 
2019
%

31 March 
2018
%

31 March 
2019
%

31 March 
2018
%

3.9
-
2.5

3.9
3.0
1.9

7.4
-
-

7.4
-
-

213

 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

28.5  The  tables  below  set  out  the  maturity  profile  of  borrowings  and  related  swaps  based  on  expected  contractual 

undiscounted cash flows. 

Group

As at 31 March 2019
Net-settled interest rate swaps 
Cross currency interest rate swaps (gross-settled) 
-  Inflow
-  Outflow

Borrowings

As at 31 March 2018
Net-settled interest rate swaps 
Cross currency interest rate swaps (gross-settled) 
-  Inflow
-  Outflow

Borrowings

Company 

As at 31 March 2019
Net-settled interest rate swaps 
Cross currency interest rate swaps (gross-settled) 
-  Inflow
-  Outflow

Borrowings

As at 31 March 2018
Net-settled interest rate swaps 
Cross currency interest rate swaps (gross-settled) 
-  Inflow
-  Outflow

Borrowings

Less than
1 year
S$ Mil

Between 
1 and 2 years
S$ Mil

Between 
2 and 5 years
S$ Mil

Over 
5 years
S$ Mil

36.3

13.4

3.3

9.0

(339.4)
289.9
(13.2)
2,033.8

(307.8)
250.7
(43.7)
3,237.8

(570.2)
509.5
(57.4)
3,220.7

(881.4)
746.5
(125.9)
3,524.0

2,020.6

3,194.1

3,163.3

3,398.1

45.3

37.2

20.3

17.3

(301.3)
259.4
3.4
2,143.8

(252.5)
210.8
(4.5)
1,185.6

(458.5)
363.4
(74.8)
5,846.2

(624.9)
464.4
(143.2)
2,768.7

2,147.2

1,181.1

5,771.4

2,625.5

Less than
1 year
S$ Mil

Between 
1 and 2 years
S$ Mil

Between 
2 and 5 years
S$ Mil

Over 
5 years 
S$ Mil

1.0

1.0

2.9

7.8

(183.6)
168.8
(13.8)
50.0

(183.6)
168.9
(13.7)
50.0

(419.2)
375.2
(41.1)
149.9

(715.0)
597.8
(109.4)
1,281.1

36.2

36.3

108.8

1,171.7

1.3

1.3

4.0

12.0

(157.1)
139.2
(16.6)
48.4

(125.4)
107.2
(16.9)
48.4

(308.2)
253.9
(50.3)
145.2

(562.6)
399.7
(150.9)
1,316.9

31.8

31.5

94.9

1,166.0

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

214

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

29. 

BORROWINGS (SECURED)

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

Group
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

Company

31 March
2018
S$ Mil

Current
  Finance lease
  Bank loans 

Non-current
  Finance lease
  Bank loans 

34.0
-

34.0

49.5
-

49.5

23.1
-

23.1

81.5
-

29.4
57.3

86.7

168.8
30.8

81.5

199.6

4.8
-

4.8

7.7
-

7.7

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

1.5
-

1.5

7.4
-

7.4

68.5
-

157.2
-

68.5

157.2

Total secured borrowings

83.5

104.6

286.3

12.5

75.9

158.7

Finance lease liabilities included lease liabilities in respect of certain assets leased from NetLink Trust. 

29.1  Finance Lease Liabilities

The minimum lease payments under the finance lease liabilities were payable as follows –

Not later than one year
Later than one but not later than five years
Later than five years

Group

Company

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

31 March
2018
S$ Mil

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

31 March
2018
S$ Mil

38.2
52.6
-
90.8

28.8
58.4
268.0
355.2

5.5
8.0
-
13.5

11.9
44.9
268.0
324.8

Less: Future finance charges

(7.3)

(250.6)

(1.0)

(248.9)

83.5

104.6

12.5

75.9

215

 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

29.2  Maturity

The maturity periods of the non-current secured borrowings at the end of the reporting period were as follows –

Between one and two years
Between two and five years
Over five years

29.3 

Interest Rates

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

37.3
12.2
-

49.5

Group
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

18.3
29.0
34.2

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

11.0
33.2
155.4

81.5

199.6

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

Company

31 March
2018
S$ Mil

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

0.9
0.9
155.4

7.9
26.4
34.2

68.5

157.2

5.1
2.6
-

7.7

The weighted average effective interest rates per annum at the end of the reporting period were as follows –

Finance lease liabilities

30. 

RECONCILIATION OF LIABILITIES FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

Group

Company

31 March 
2019
%

31 March 
2018
%

31 March 
2019
%

31 March 
2018
%

7.1

7.2

7.3

7.3

Group - 2019

As at 1 April 2018

Financing cash flows (1)

Non-cash changes:

  Fair value adjustments
  Amortisation of bond discount
  Foreign exchange movements
  Additions of finance lease

Interest expense

  Adjustment

Bonds
S$ Mil

Bank loans
S$ Mil

Finance
 lease
liabilities
S$ Mil

Interest
payable
S$ Mil

Derivative
financial
instruments
S$ Mil

7,884.9

2,501.7

104.6

137.9

(64.6)

38.5

174.0

9.8

(385.1)

(6.2)

35.0
2.0
(7.2)
-
-
(7.2)
22.6

-
-
(41.1)
-
-
-
(41.1)

-
-
-
25.5
-
(56.4)
(30.9)

-
-
(8.2)
-
387.5
-
379.3

(223.1)
-
13.9
-
-
-
(209.2)

As at 31 March 2019

7,946.0

2,634.6

83.5

132.1

(280.0)

Note:
(1)  The cash flows comprise the net amount of proceeds from borrowings and repayments of borrowings, net interest paid on borrowings, and settlement 

of swaps for bonds repaid in the statement of cash flows. 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

216

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

30. 

RECONCILIATION OF LIABILITIES FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES (Cont’d)

Group - 2018

As at 1 April 2017

Bonds
S$ Mil

Bank loans
S$ Mil

Finance 
lease
liabilities
S$ Mil

Interest
payable
S$ Mil

Derivative
financial
instruments
S$ Mil

8,726.6

2,306.3

198.2

142.7

(245.3)

Financing cash flows (1)

(506.2)

222.6

(28.3)

(379.9)

61.4

Non-cash changes:

  Fair value adjustments
  Amortisation of bond discount
  Foreign exchange movements
  Acquisition of subsidiary
  Additions of finance lease

Interest expense

  Adjustment

(65.4)
3.2
(273.3)
-
-
-
-
(335.5)

-
-
(58.5)
31.3
-
-
-
(27.2)

-
-
(0.5)
8.7
4.8
-
(78.3)
(65.3)

-
-
(8.5)
-
-
383.6
-
375.1

107.8
-
11.5

-
-
-
119.3

As at 31 March 2018

7,884.9

2,501.7

104.6

137.9

(64.6)

Note:
(1)  The cash flows comprise the net amount of proceeds from borrowings and repayments of borrowings, net interest paid on borrowings, and settlement 

of swaps for bonds repaid in the statement of cash flows. 

31. 

NET DEFERRED GAIN 

Unamortised deferred gain 
Reclassification from ‘Associates’ (see Note 23)

Net deferred gain

Classified as –
  Current
  Non-current

217

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

Group
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

446.3
(50.5)

452.7
(74.9)

1,616.5
(265.0)

395.8

377.8

1,351.5

20.8
375.0

20.1
357.7

68.8
1,282.7

395.8

377.8

1,351.5

 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

31. 

NET DEFERRED GAIN (Cont’d)

NetLink Trust (“NLT”) is a business trust established as part of the Info-communications Media Development Authority 
of  Singapore’s  effective  open  access  requirements  under  Singapore’s  Next  Generation  Nationwide  Broadband 
Network. 

In  prior  years,  Singtel  had  sold  certain  infrastructure  assets,  namely  ducts,  manholes  and  exchange  buildings 
(“Assets”) to NLT. At the consolidated level, the gain on disposal of Assets recognised by Singtel is deferred in the 
Group’s statement of financial position and amortised over the useful lives of the Assets. The unamortised deferred 
gain is released to the Group’s income statement when NLT is partially or fully sold, based on the proportionate 
equity interest disposed. 

Singtel sold its 100% interest in NLT to NetLink NBN Trust (the “Trust”) in July 2017 for cash as well as a 24.8% interest in 
the Trust. Net deferred gains of S$1.10 billion were correspondingly released to the Group’s income statement in the 
previous financial year upon this sale. Following the divestment, Singtel ceased to own units in NLT but continues to 
have an interest of 24.8% in the Trust which owns all the units in NLT. 

32.  OTHER NON-CURRENT LIABILITIES

Performance share liability
Other payables

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

5.4
284.4

Group
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

7.0
288.1

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

7.0
317.2

289.8

295.1

324.2

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

5.4
21.1

26.5

Company
31 March
2018
S$ Mil

7.0
24.4

31.4

1 April
2017
S$ Mil

7.0
16.7

23.7

Other payables mainly relate to accruals of rental for certain network sites, long-term employee entitlements and 
asset retirement obligations. 

33. 

SHARE CAPITAL

Group and Company

Balance as at 31 March 2019, 31 March 2018 and 1 April 2017

Number of
shares
Mil

Share 
capital
S$ Mil

16,329.1

4,127.3

All issued shares are fully paid and have no par value. The issued shares carry one vote per share and a right to 
dividends as and when declared by the Company. 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

218

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

33. 

SHARE CAPITAL (Cont’d)

Capital Management

The Group is committed to delivering dividends that increase over time with growth in underlying earnings, while 
maintaining an optimal capital structure and investment grade credit ratings. The Group monitors capital based on 
gross and net gearing ratios. In order to achieve an optimal capital structure, the Group may adjust the amount of 
dividend payment, return capital to shareholders, issue new shares, buy back issued shares, obtain new borrowings 
or reduce its borrowings.

From time to time, the Group purchases its own shares from the market. The shares purchased are primarily for 
delivery to employees upon vesting of performance shares awarded under Singtel performance share plans. The 
Group can also cancel the shares which are repurchased from the market.

There were no changes in the Group’s approach to capital management during the financial year.

34.  DIVIDENDS

Final dividend of 10.7 cents 

(2018: 10.7 cents) per share, paid

1,746.7

1,746.6

1,747.2

1,747.2

Group

Company

2019
S$ Mil

2018
S$ Mil

2019
S$ Mil

2018
S$ Mil

Interim dividend of 6.8 cents 

(2018: 6.8 cents) per share, paid 

Special dividend of nil

1,109.9

1,110.0

1,110.4

1,110.4

(2018: 3.0 cents) per share, paid 

-

489.7

-

489.9

2,856.6

3,346.3

2,857.6

3,347.5

During the financial year, a final one-tier tax exempt ordinary dividend of 10.7 cents per share, totalling S$1.75 billion 
was paid in respect of the previous financial year ended 31 March 2018. In addition, an interim one-tier tax exempt 
ordinary dividend of 6.8 cents per share totalling S$1.11 billion was paid in respect of the current financial year ended 
31 March 2019. 

The amount paid by the Group differed from that paid by the Company due to dividends on performance shares 
held by the Trust that were eliminated on consolidation of the Trust.

The  Directors  have  proposed  a  final  one-tier  tax  exempt  ordinary  dividend  of  10.7  cents  per  share,  totalling 
approximately  S$1.75  billion  in  respect  of  the  current  financial  year  ended  31  March  2019  for  approval  at  the 
forthcoming Annual General Meeting. 

These financial statements do not reflect the above final dividend payable of approximately S$1.75 billion, which will 
be accounted for in the ‘Shareholders’ Equity’ as an appropriation of ‘Retained Earnings’ in the next financial year 
ending 31 March 2020.

219

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

35. 

FAIR VALUES OF FINANCIAL ASSETS AND LIABILITIES

The  Group  classifies  fair  value  measurements  using  a  fair  value  hierarchy  which  reflects  the  significance  of  the 
inputs used in determining the measurements. The fair value hierarchy has the following levels – 

(a) 

quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1);

(b) 

(c) 

inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 which are observable for the asset or liability, either 
directly (i.e. as prices) or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices) (Level 2); and

inputs  for  the  asset  or  liability  which  are  not  based  on  observable  market  data  (unobservable  inputs)  
(Level 3).

35.1  Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value 

Group 
31 March 2019

Financial assets 

  FVOCI investments (Note 25)
  - Quoted equity securities 
  - Unquoted investments 

  Derivative financial instruments (Note 18)

Financial liabilities 
  Derivative financial instruments (Note 18)

Group 
31 March 2018

Financial assets 

  FVOCI investments (Note 25)
  - Quoted equity securities 
  - Unquoted investments 

  Derivative financial instruments (Note 18)

Financial liabilities 
  Derivative financial instruments (Note 18)

Level 1
S$ Mil

Level 2
S$ Mil

Level 3
S$ Mil

Total 
S$ Mil

21.9
-
21.9

-

21.9

-

-

Level 1
S$ Mil

10.0
-
10.0

-

10.0

-

-

-
-
-

438.7

438.7

158.7

158.7

Level 2
S$ Mil

-
-
-

410.9

410.9

346.3

346.3

-
625.0
625.0

-

21.9
625.0
646.9

438.7

625.0

1,085.6

-

-

158.7

158.7

Level 3
S$ Mil

Total 
S$ Mil

-
187.9
187.9

-

187.9

-

-

10.0
187.9
197.9

410.9

608.8

346.3

346.3

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

220

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

35.1  Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value (Cont’d)

Group 
1 April 2017

Financial assets 

  FVOCI investments (Note 25)
  - Quoted equity securities 
  - Unquoted investments 

  Derivative financial instruments (Note 18)

Financial liabilities 
  Derivative financial instruments (Note 18)

Company 
31 March 2019

Financial assets 

  FVOCI investments (Note 25)
  - Quoted equity securities

  Derivative financial instruments (Note 18)

Financial liabilities 
  Derivative financial instruments (Note 18)

Company 
31 March 2018

Financial assets 

  FVOCI investments (Note 25)
  - Quoted equity securities

  Derivative financial instruments (Note 18)

Financial liabilities 
  Derivative financial instruments (Note 18)

221

Level 1
S$ Mil

Level 2
S$ Mil

Level 3
S$ Mil

Total 
S$ Mil

33.3
-
33.3

-

33.3

-

-

Level 1
S$ Mil

5.3

-

5.3

-

-

Level 1
S$ Mil

5.5 

-

5.5 

-

-

-
-
-

540.5

540.5

295.2

295.2

Level 2
S$ Mil

-

126.6

126.6

192.3

192.3

Level 2
S$ Mil

 -

200.7 

200.7 

335.8 

335.8 

-
159.6
159.6

-

159.6

-

-

33.3
159.6
192.9

540.5

733.4

295.2

295.2

Level 3
S$ Mil

Total 
S$ Mil

-

-

-

-

-

5.3

126.6

131.9

192.3

192.3

Level 3
S$ Mil

Total 
S$ Mil

-

-

-

-

-

5.5 

200.7 

206.2 

335.8 

335.8 

 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

35.1  Financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value (Cont’d)

Company 
1 April 2017

Financial assets 

  FVOCI investments (Note 25)
  - Quoted equity securities
  - Unquoted investments

  Derivative financial instruments (Note 18)

Financial liabilities 
  Derivative financial instruments (Note 18)

Level 1
S$ Mil

Level 2
S$ Mil

Level 3
S$ Mil

Total 
S$ Mil

29.1
-
29.1

-

29.1

-

-

-
-
-

389.4

389.4

452.8

452.8

-
8.3
8.3

-

8.3

-

-

29.1
8.3
37.4

389.4

426.8

452.8

452.8

See Note 2.16 for the policies on fair value estimation of the financial assets and liabilities. 

The following table presents the reconciliation for the unquoted FVOCI investments measured at fair value based on 
unobservable inputs (Level 3) – 

FVOCI investments - unquoted
  Balance as at 1 April, previously reported 
  Effects of adoption of SFRS(I) 9
  Balance as at 1 April, restated

Total gains/ (losses) included in  

‘Fair Value Reserve’

  Additions 
  Disposals  
  Transfer out from Level 3
  Translation differences

2019
S$ Mil 

86.1
101.8
187.9

4.1
437.1
(2.3)
(10.1)
8.3

Group

2018
S$ Mil 

90.3
69.3
159.6

(6.3)
59.6
(24.2)
-
(0.8)

  Balance as at 31 March 

625.0

187.9

Company

2019
S$ Mil 

2018
S$ Mil 

-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-

-

8.3
-
8.3

0.3
-
(8.6)
-
-

-

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

222

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

35.2  Financial assets and liabilities not measured at fair value (but with fair value disclosed)

Carrying Value 

S$ Mil

Level 1
S$ Mil

Level 2
S$ Mil

Level 3
S$ Mil

Total 
S$ Mil

Fair value 

As at 31  March 2019

Financial liabilities

  Group
  Bonds (Note 28.1) 

  Company 
  Bonds (Note 28.1) 

As at 31  March 2018

Financial liabilities

  Group
  Bonds (Note 28.1) 

  Company
  Bonds (Note 28.1) 

As at 1  April 2017

Financial liabilities

  Group
  Bonds (Note 28.1)

  Company
  Bonds (Note 28.1)

7,946.0

6,235.4

2,013.0

786.5

936.4

-

7,884.9

5,459.8

2,680.4

739.5

879.1

-

8,726.6

6,722.9

2,402.9

802.7

957.0

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

8,248.4

936.4

8,140.2

879.1

9,125.8

957.0

See  Note  2.16  on  the  basis  of  estimating  the  fair  values  and  Note  18  for  information  on  the  derivative  financial 
instruments used for hedging the risks associated with the borrowings.

Except as disclosed in the above tables, the carrying values of other financial assets and liabilities approximate their 
fair values. 

223

 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

36. 

FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT OBJECTIVES AND POLICIES

36.1   Financial Risk Factors

The Group’s activities are exposed to a variety of financial risks: foreign exchange risk, interest rate risk, credit risk, 
liquidity risk and market risk. The Group’s overall risk management seeks to minimise the potential adverse effects 
of these risks on the financial performance of the Group.

The  Group  uses  financial  instruments  such  as  currency  forwards,  cross  currency  and  interest  rate  swaps,  and 
foreign currency borrowings to hedge certain financial risk exposures. No financial derivatives are held or sold for 
speculative purposes.

The Directors assume responsibility for the overall financial risk management of the Group. For the financial year 
ended 31 March 2019, the Risk Committee and Finance and Investment Committee (“FIC”), which are committees 
of the Board, assisted the Directors in reviewing and establishing policies relating to financial risk management in 
accordance with the policies and directives of the Directors.

36.2   Foreign Exchange Risk

The foreign exchange risk of the Group arises from subsidiaries, associates and joint ventures operating in foreign 
countries, mainly Australia, India, Indonesia, the Philippines, Thailand and the United States of America. Additionally, 
the  Group’s  joint  venture  in  India,  Bharti  Airtel  Limited,  is  primarily  exposed  to  foreign  exchange  risks  from  its 
operations in Sri Lanka and 14 countries across Africa. Translation risks of overseas net investments are not hedged 
unless approved by the FIC. 

The Group has borrowings denominated in foreign currencies that have primarily been hedged into the functional 
currency of the respective borrowing entities using cross currency swaps in order to reduce the foreign currency 
exposure on these borrowings. As the hedges are intended to be perfect, any change in the fair value of the cross 
currency swaps has minimal impact on profit and equity. 

The  Group  Treasury  Policy,  as  approved  by  the  FIC,  is  to  substantially  hedge  all  known  transactional  currency 
exposures. The Group generates revenue, receives foreign dividends and incurs costs in currencies which are other 
than the functional currencies of the operating units, thus giving rise to foreign exchange risk. The currency exposures 
are primarily for the Australian Dollar, Euro, Hong Kong Dollar, Indian Rupee, Indonesian Rupiah, Philippine Peso, 
Pound Sterling, Thai Baht, United States Dollar and Japanese Yen. 

Foreign currency purchases and forward currency contracts are used to reduce the Group’s transactional exposure 
to  foreign  currency  exchange  rate  fluctuations. The  foreign  exchange  difference  on  trade  balances  is  disclosed 
under Note 6 and the foreign exchange difference on non-trade balances is disclosed under Note 10.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

224

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

36.2   Foreign Exchange Risk (Cont’d)

The critical terms (i.e. the notional amount, maturity and underlying) of the derivative financial instruments and  
their  corresponding  hedged  items  are  the  same. The  Group  performs  a  qualitative  assessment  of  effectiveness  
and  it  is  expected  that  derivative  financial  instruments  and  the  value  of  the  corresponding  hedged  items  will 
systematically change in opposite direction in response to movements in the underlying exchange rates.

The main source of hedge ineffectiveness in these hedging relationships is the effect of the counterparty and the  
Group’s  own  credit  risk  on  the  fair  value  of  the  derivative  financial  instruments,  which  is  not  reflected  in  the  
fair value of the hedged items attributable to changes in foreign currency rates. No other source of ineffectiveness 
emerged from these hedging relationships.

All  hedge  relationships  remain  effective  and  there  is  no  hedge  relationship  in  which  hedge  accounting  is  no  
longer applied.

36.3 

Interest Rate Risk

The  Group  has  cash  balances  placed  with  reputable  banks  and  financial  institutions  which  generate  interest  
income for the Group. The Group manages its interest rate risks on its interest income by placing the cash balances 
on varying maturities and interest rate terms.

The Group’s borrowings include bank borrowings and bonds. The borrowings expose the Group to interest rate 
risk. The Group seeks to minimise its exposure to these risks by entering into interest rate swaps over the duration 
of its borrowings. Interest rate swaps entail the Group agreeing to exchange, at specified intervals, the difference 
between fixed and variable rate interest amounts calculated by reference to an agreed-upon notional principal 
amount.  As  at  31  March  2019,  after  taking  into  account  the  effect  of  interest  rate  swaps,  approximately  66%  
(31 March 2018: 67%) of the Group’s borrowings were at fixed rates of interest.

As at 31 March 2019, assuming that the market interest rate is 50 basis points higher or lower and with no change  
to the other variables, the annualised interest expense on borrowings would be higher or lower by S$15.4 million 
(2018: S$15.5 million). 

The critical terms (i.e. the notional amount, maturity and underlying) of the derivative financial instruments and their 
corresponding hedged items are the same. The Group performs a qualitative assessment of effectiveness and it is 
expected that derivative financial instruments and the value of the corresponding hedged items will systematically 
change in opposite direction in response to movements in the underlying interest rates.

The  main  source  of  hedge  ineffectiveness  in  these  hedging  relationships  is  the  effect  of  the  counterparty  and  
the Group’s own credit risk on the fair value of the interest rate swaps, which is not reflected in the fair value of 
the hedge items attributable to changes in interest rates. No other source of ineffectiveness emerged from these 
hedging relationships.

Interest rate swap contracts paying fixed rate interest amounts are designated and effective as cash flow hedges 
in reducing the Group’s cash flow exposure resulting from variable interest rates on borrowings. The interest rate 
swaps and the interest payments on the borrowings occur simultaneously and the amount accumulated in equity is 
reclassified to the income statement over the period that the floating rate interest payments on borrowings affect 
the income statement.

225

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

36.3 

Interest Rate Risk (Cont’d)

Interest  rate  swap  contracts  paying  floating  rate  interest  amounts  are  designated  and  effective  as  fair  value  
hedges  of  interest  rate  movements.  During  the  year,  the  hedge  was  fully  effective  in  hedging  the  fair  value  
exposure  to  interest  rate  movements.  The  carrying  amount  of  the  bond  decreased  by  S$23.5  million  which  
was included in the income statement at the same time that the fair value of the interest rate swap was included  
in the income statement.

As  at  31  March  2019,  S$2.54  billion  of  borrowings  was  designated  in  fair  value  hedge  relationships.  All  hedge 
relationships remained effective and there was no hedge relationship in which hedge accounting could no longer 
be applied.

36.4  Credit Risk

Financial  assets  that  potentially  subject  the  Group  to  concentrations  of  credit  risk  consist  primarily  of  trade 
receivables, contract assets, cash and cash equivalents and financial instruments used in hedging activities.

The  Group  has  no  significant  concentration  of  credit  risk  from  trade  receivables  and  contract  assets  due  to  its  
diverse customer base. Credit risk is managed through the application of credit assessment and approvals, credit 
limits  and  monitoring  procedures.  Where  appropriate,  the  Group  obtains  deposits  or  bank  guarantees  from 
customers or enters into credit insurance arrangements. The Group’s exposure to credit risk and the measurement 
bases used to determine expected credit losses is disclosed in Note 16.

The  Group  places  its  cash  and  cash  equivalents  with  a  number  of  major  commercial  banks  and  other  financial 
institutions with high credit ratings. Derivative counter-parties are limited to high credit rating commercial banks and 
other financial institutions. The Group has policies that limit the financial exposure to any one financial institution.

36.5  Liquidity Risk

To  manage  liquidity  risk,  the  Group  monitors  and  maintains  a  level  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents  deemed  
adequate  by  the  management  to  finance  the  Group’s  operations  and  to  mitigate  the  effects  of  fluctuations  
in  cash  flows.  Due  to  the  dynamic  nature  of  the  underlying  business,  the  Group  aims  at  maintaining  funding  
flexibility  with  adequate  committed  and  uncommitted  credit  lines  available  to  ensure  that  the  Group  is  able  to  
meet the short-term obligations of the Group as they fall due. 

The maturity profile of the Group’s borrowings and related swaps based on expected contractual undiscounted 
cash flows is disclosed in Note 28.5.

36.6  Market Risk

The  Group  has  investments  in  quoted  equity  shares.  The  market  value  of  these  investments  will  fluctuate  with  
market conditions.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

226

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

37. 

SEGMENT INFORMATION

Segment  information  is  presented  based  on  the  information  reviewed  by  senior  management  for  performance 
measurement and resource allocation.

Singtel Group is organised by three business segments, Group Consumer, Group Enterprise and Group Digital Life.

Group  Consumer  comprises  the  consumer  businesses  across  Singapore  and  Australia,  as  well  as  the  Group’s 
investments,  mainly  AIS  and  Intouch  (which  has  an  equity  interest  of  40.5%  in  AIS)  in  Thailand,  Airtel  in  India,  
Africa  and  Sri  Lanka,  Globe  in  the  Philippines,  and  Telkomsel  in  Indonesia.  It  focuses  on  driving  greater  value  
and  performance  from  the  core  carriage  business  including  mobile,  pay  TV,  fixed  broadband  and  voice,  
as well as equipment sales. 

Group  Enterprise  comprises  the  business  groups  across  Singapore,  Australia,  the  United  States  of  America,  
Europe and the region, and focuses on growing the Group’s position in the enterprise markets. Key services include 
mobile,  equipment  sales,  fixed  voice  and  data,  managed  services,  cloud  computing,  cyber  security,  IT  services  
and professional consulting.

Group  Digital  Life  (“GDL”)  focuses  on  using  the  latest  Internet  technologies  and  assets  of  the  Group’s  operating 
companies  to  develop  new  revenue  and  growth  engines  by  entering  into  adjacent  businesses  where  it  has  a 
competitive  advantage.  It  focuses  on  three  key  businesses  in  digital  life  –  digital  marketing  (Amobee),  regional 
premium over-the-top video (HOOQ) and advanced analytics and intelligence capabilities (DataSpark), in addition 
to strengthening its role as Singtel’s digital innovation engine through Innov8. 

Corporate comprises the costs of Group functions not allocated to the business segments. 

The  measurement  of  segment  results  which  is  before  exceptional  items,  is  in  line  with  the  basis  of  information 
presented to management for internal management reporting purposes. 

The  costs  of  shared  and  common  infrastructure  are  allocated  to  the  business  segments  using  established 
methodologies. 

227

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

37. 

SEGMENT INFORMATION (Cont’d)

The  Group’s  reportable  segments  by  the  three  business  segments  for  the  financial  years  ended  31  March  2019  
and 31 March 2018 were as follows –

Group - 2019

Operating revenue
Operating expenses 
Other income/ (expense)
Earnings before interest,  
tax, depreciation and  
amortisation (“EBITDA”)

Share of pre-tax results of associates 

and joint ventures

-  Airtel
-  Telkomsel 
-  Globe
-  AIS
-  Intouch
-  Others 

Group 
Consumer 
S$ Mil

9,818.6
(6,803.9)
151.6

Group 
Enterprise 
S$ Mil

6,329.3
(4,701.7)
67.6

Group 
Digital Life
S$ Mil

1,223.8
(1,315.2)
(0.3)

Corporate
S$ Mil

Group 
Total
S$ Mil

-
(83.7)
5.8

17,371.7
(12,904.5)
224.7

3,166.3

1,695.2

(91.7)

(77.9)

4,691.9

(511.2)
1,128.3
367.8
343.2
96.1
1.0
1,425.2

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
110.7
110.7

(511.2)
1,128.3
367.8
343.2
96.1
111.7
1,535.9

EBITDA and share of pre-tax results of 

associates and joint ventures

4,591.5

1,695.2

(91.7)

32.8

6,227.8

Depreciation and amortisation 
Earnings before interest and  

tax (“EBIT”)

Segment assets 
Investment in associates and  

joint ventures

-  Airtel
-  Telkomsel 
-  Globe
-  AIS
-  Intouch
-  Others 

(1,544.5)

(614.8)

(60.3)

(2.6)

(2,222.2)

3,047.0

1,080.4

(152.0)

30.2

4,005.6

7,420.4
3,313.0
1,175.7
864.0
1,701.6
24.3
14,499.0

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
419.1
419.1

7,420.4
3,313.0
1,175.7
864.0
1,701.6
443.4
14,918.1

Goodwill on acquisition of subsidiaries 
Other assets

9,190.0
13,512.4

1,211.0
5,705.6

1,137.3
949.0

-
2,291.4

11,538.3
22,458.4

37,201.4

6,916.6

2,086.3

2,710.5

48,914.8

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

228

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

37. 

SEGMENT INFORMATION (Cont’d)

Group - 2018

Operating revenue
Operating expenses 
Other income

Group 
Consumer 
S$ Mil

9,711.0
(6,595.5)
206.9

Group 
Enterprise 
S$ Mil

6,476.7
(4,658.1)
44.8

Group 
Digital Life
S$ Mil

1,080.3
(1,133.4)
1.8

Corporate
S$ Mil

Group 
Total
S$ Mil

-
(89.3)
5.3

17,268.0
(12,476.3)
258.8

EBITDA

3,322.4

1,863.4

(51.3)

(84.0)

5,050.5

Share of pre-tax results of associates 

and joint ventures

-  Airtel
-  Telkomsel 
-  Globe
-  AIS
-  Intouch
-  Others 

199.3
1,372.4
289.1
347.4
103.0
0.9
2,312.1

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
148.7
148.7

199.3
1,372.4
289.1
347.4
103.0
149.6
2,460.8

EBITDA and share of pre-tax results of 

associates and joint ventures

5,634.5

1,863.4

(51.3)

64.7

7,511.3

Depreciation and amortisation 

(1,571.9)

(607.8)

(69.1)

(1.2)

(2,250.0)

EBIT

4,062.6

1,255.6

(120.4)

63.5

5,261.3

Segment assets 
Investment in associates and  

joint ventures

-  Airtel
-  Telkomsel 
-  Globe
-  AIS
-  Intouch
-  Others 

7,453.1
3,416.1
1,054.4
775.7
1,641.2
23.6
14,364.1

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
-
-

-
-
-
-
-
422.6
422.6

7,453.1
3,416.1
1,054.4
775.7
1,641.2
446.2
14,786.7

Goodwill on acquisition of subsidiaries 
Other assets

9,192.9
13,742.3

1,167.5
5,844.7

1,011.8
725.6

-
2,024.0

11,372.2
22,336.6

37,299.3

7,012.2

1,737.4

2,446.6

48,495.5

229

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

37. 

SEGMENT INFORMATION (Cont’d)

A reconciliation of the total reportable segments’ EBIT to the Group’s profit before tax was as follows –

EBIT

  Share of exceptional items of associates and joint ventures (post-tax) 
  Share of tax expense of associates and joint ventures 
  Exceptional items 

Profit before interest, investment income (net) and tax 

Interest and investment income (net)

  Finance costs 

Profit before tax 

Group

2019
S$ Mil

2018
S$ Mil

4,005.6

5,261.3

301.1
(274.3)
68.2

4,100.6
38.1
(392.8)

(16.7)
(640.1)
1,895.1

6,499.6
45.5
(390.2)

3,745.9

6,154.9

The Group’s revenue from its major products and services are disclosed in Note 4. 

The Group’s revenue is mainly derived from Singapore and Australia which respectively accounted for approximately 
38%  (2018:  38%)  and  52%  (2018:  52%)  of  the  total  revenue  for  the  financial  year  ended  31  March  2019,  with  the 
remaining  10%  (2018:  10%)  from  the  United  States  of America  and  other  countries  where  the  Group  operates  in. 
The geographical information on the Group’s non-current assets is not presented as it is not used for segmental 
reporting purposes.

The Group has a large and diversified customer base which consists of individuals and corporations. There was no 
single customer that contributed 10% or more of the Group’s revenue for the financial years ended 31 March 2019 
and 31 March 2018.  

38.  OPERATING LEASE COMMITMENTS

As  at  31  March  2019,  the  future  aggregate  lease  payments  for  the  remaining  lease  periods  (including  renewal 
periods where the Group is reasonably certain to exercise the renewals) under operating leases but not recognised 
as liabilities, were as follows: 

Not later than one year
Later than one but not later than five years
Later than five years

Group
S$ Mil

Company
S$ Mil

430.2
1,517.0
1,471.1

82.5
308.5
495.6

3,418.3

886.6

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

230

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

39.  COMMITMENTS

39.1  The commitments for capital and operating expenditures, and investments which had not been recognised in the 

financial statements, excluding the commitments shown under Note 39.2 and Note 39.3, were as follows –

Authorised and contracted for

Group

Company

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

1,334.7

31 March
2018
S$ Mil

865.3

31 March
2019
S$ Mil

250.3

31 March
2018
S$ Mil

87.5

39.2  As  at  31  March  2019,  the  Group’s  commitments  for  the  purchase  of  broadcasting  programme  rights  were  
S$926  million  (31  March  2018:  S$693  million).  The  commitments  included  only  the  minimum  guaranteed  
amounts  payable  under  the  respective  contracts  and  did  not  include  amounts  that  may  be  payable  based  on 
revenue share arrangement which cannot be reliably determined as at the end of the reporting period. 

39.3  On  7  March  2019,  Singtel  announced  that  it  will  subscribe  to Airtel’s  rights  issue  based  on  its  rights  entitlement  
for  its  direct  stake  of  15%. The  total  consideration  for  the  subscription  is  approximately  S$735  million. The  rights  
issue will close on 17 May 2019 and is expected to complete in early June 2019.

40.  CONTINGENT LIABILITIES OF SINGTEL AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES

(a)  Guarantees

As at 31 March 2019, 

(i) 

(ii) 

The  Group  and  Company  provided  bankers’  and  other  guarantees,  and  insurance  bonds  of  
S$592.4 million and S$109.1 million (31 March 2018: S$570.4 million and S$146.4 million) respectively.

The  Company  provided  guarantees  for  loans  of  S$1.24  billion  (31  March  2018:  S$1.18  billion)  drawn 
down under various loan facilities entered into by Singtel Group Treasury Pte. Ltd. (“SGT”), a wholly- 
owned subsidiary, with maturities between December 2019 and September 2021.

(iii) 

The  Company  provided  guarantees  for  SGT’s  notes  issue  of  an  aggregate  equivalent  amount  of  
S$3.95 billion (31 March 2018: S$4.04 billion) due between April 2020 and August 2028.

(b) 

In  2016  and  2017,  Singapore  Telecom  Australia  Investments  Pty  Limited  (“STAI”)  received  amended 
assessments  from  the  Australian  Taxation  Office  (“ATO”)  in  connection  with  the  acquisition  financing  of 
Optus. The  assessments  comprised  primary  tax  of A$268  million,  interest  of A$58  million  and  penalties  of  
A$67  million.  STAI’s  holding  company,  Singtel  Australia  Investment  Ltd,  would  be  entitled  to  refund  of 
withholding tax estimated at A$89 million. STAI has objected to the amended assessments. In accordance 
with the ATO administrative practice, STAI paid a minimum amount of 50% of the assessed primary tax on  
21 November 2016. This payment continued to be recognised as a receivable as at 31 March 2019.

In December 2018, Singtel Group received additional assessments amounting to S$120 million from the Inland 
Revenue Authority of Singapore for reduction in group relief claims in Year of Assessment 2014. Singtel has 
objected to the additional assessments. The final payment due date has not been indicated by the Inland 
Revenue Authority of Singapore.

The Group has received advice from external experts in relation to the above matters and will vigorously 
defend its position. Accordingly, no provision has been made as at 31 March 2019.

231

 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

40.  CONTINGENT LIABILITIES OF SINGTEL AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES (Cont’d)

(c) 

The Group is contingently liable for claims arising in the ordinary course of business and from certain tax 
assessments which are being contested, the outcome of which are not presently determinable. The Group is 
vigorously defending all these claims.

41. 

SIGNIFICANT CONTINGENT LIABILITIES OF ASSOCIATES AND JOINT VENTURES 

(a) 

Airtel,  a  joint  venture  of  the  Group,  has  disputes  with  various  government  authorities  in  the  respective 
jurisdictions  where  its  operations  are  based,  as  well  as  with  third  parties  regarding  certain  transactions 
entered into in the ordinary course of business. 

On 8 January 2013, the local regulator, Department of Telecommunications (“DOT”) issued a demand on Airtel 
Group for Rs. 52.01 billion (S$1.02 billion) towards levy of one time spectrum charge, which was further revised 
on 27 June 2018 to Rs. 84.14 billion (S$1.65 billion). 

In the opinion of Airtel, inter-alia, the above demand amounts to alteration of the terms of the licences issued 
in the past. Airtel believes, based on independent legal opinion and its evaluation, that it is not probable that 
any material part of the claim will be awarded against Airtel and therefore, pending outcome of this matter, 
no provision has been recognised. 

As  at  31  March  2019,  other  taxes,  custom  duties  and  demands  under  adjudication,  appeal  or  disputes 
amounted to approximately Rs. 166 billion (S$3.25 billion). In respect of some of the tax issues, pending final 
decisions, Airtel had deposited amounts with statutory authorities.

(b) 

AIS, a joint venture of the Group, has various commercial disputes and significant litigations. 

In  2008,  CAT  Telecom  Public  Company  Limited  (“CAT”)  demanded  that  AIS’  subsidiary,  Digital  Phone  
Company Limited (“DPC”) pay additional revenue share of THB 3.4 billion (S$146 million) arising from the 
abolishment of excise tax. CAT’s claim is still pending appeal before the Supreme Administrative Court.

In  2015,  TOT  Public  Company  Limited  (“TOT”)  demanded  that  AIS  pays  additional  revenue  share  of  
THB 62.8 billion (S$2.68 billion) arising from what TOT claims to be an illegality of two amendments made 
to the Concession Agreement, namely, Amendment 6 (regarding reduction in prepaid revenue share rate) 
made in 2001 and Amendment 7 (regarding deduction of roaming expense from revenue share) made in 
2002, which have resulted in lower revenue share. This case is pending arbitration.

Between 2011 and 2016, TOT demanded that AIS pays additional revenue share based on gross interconnection 
income  from  2007  to  2015  amounting  to THB  36.2  billion  (S$1.55  billion)  plus  interest.  On  17  August  2018,  the 
Arbitration Institute awarded in favour of AIS in deciding that TOT has no right to claim for revenue share on gross 
interconnection income for the period from 2007 to 2010 amounting to THB 17.8 billion (S$760 million). The claims 
for the remaining period from 2011 to 2015 amounting to THB 18.4 billion (S$784 million) are pending arbitration.

Between 2014 to 2016, TOT demanded that AIS pays THB 41.1 billion (S$1.76 billion) plus interest for the porting 
of subscribers from 900 MHz to 2100 MHz network. In February 2019, the Arbitration Institute resolved the 
dispute in favour of AIS. TOT is eligible to file a petition within 90 days. 

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

232

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

41. 

SIGNIFICANT CONTINGENT LIABILITIES OF ASSOCIATES AND JOINT VENTURES (Cont’d)

In  March  2018,  CAT  demanded  DPC  to  transfer  the  telecommunications  systems  which  would  have  been 
supplied under the Concession Agreement between CAT and DPC of THB 13.4 billion (S$573 million) or to pay 
the same amount plus interest. This case is pending arbitration.

In September 2018, TOT demanded that AIS pays additional revenue share from disputes on roaming rates 
from July 2013 to September 2015, amounting to THB 16.3 billion (S$694 million).

As  at  31  March  2019,  there  are  a  number  of  other  claims  against  AIS  and  its  subsidiaries  amounting  to  
THB 30.1 billion (S$1.28 billion) which are pending adjudication.

AIS  believes  that  the  above  claims  will  be  settled  in  favour  of AIS  and  will  have  no  material  impact  to  its 
financial statements.

(c) 

In October 2017, Intouch and its subsidiary, Thaicom Public Company Limited (“Thaicom”) received letters 
from  the  Ministry  of  Digital  Economy  and  Society  (the  “Ministry”)  stating  that Thaicom  7  and Thaicom  8 
satellites (the “Satellites”) are governed under the terms of a 1991 satellite operating agreement between 
Intouch  and  the  Ministry  which  entails  the  transfer  of  asset  ownership,  procurement  of  backup  satellites, 
payment  of  revenue  share,  and  procurement  of  property  insurance.  Intouch  and Thaicom  have  obtained 
legal  advice  and  are  of  the  opinion  that  the  Satellites  are  not  covered  under  the Agreement  but  instead 
under the licence from the National Broadcasting and Telecommunications Commission. This case is pending 
arbitration.

(d)  Globe, a joint venture of the Group, is contingently liable for various claims arising in the ordinary conduct of 
business and certain tax assessments which are either pending decision by the Courts or are being contested, 
the  outcome  of  which  are  not  presently  determinable.  In  the  opinion  of  Globe’s  management  and  legal 
counsel, the eventual liability under these claims, if any, will not have a material or adverse effect on Globe’s 
financial position and results of operations.

In  June  2016,  the  Philippine  Competition  Commission  (“PCC”)  claimed  that  the  Joint  Notice  of  Acquisition 
filed  by  Globe,  PLDT  Inc.  (“PLDT”)  and  San  Miguel  Corporation  (“SMC”)  on  the  acquisition  of  SMC’s 
telecommunications business was deficient and cannot be claimed to be deemed approved. In July 2016, 
Globe filed a petition with the Court of Appeals of the Philippines (“CA”) to stop the PCC from reviewing the 
acquisition. In October 2017, the CA ruled in favour of Globe and PLDT, and declared the acquisition as valid 
and deemed approved. PCC subsequently elevated the case to the Supreme Court to review the CA’s rulings.

(e) 

As at 31 March 2019, Telkomsel, a joint venture of the Group, has filed appeals and cross-appeals amounting 
to approximately IDR 71 billion (S$7 million) for various tax claims arising in certain tax assessments which are 
pending final decisions, the outcome of which is not presently determinable. 

233

 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

42. 

RECONCILIATIONS OF PROFIT, COMPREHENSIVE INCOME AND EQUITY 

The  adoption  of  SFRS(I)  had  no  material  effect  on  the  financial  statements  prepared  under  FRS,  except  as  
described below:

SFRS(I) 1, First-time Adoption of Singapore Financial Reporting Standards (International)

The Group has made the following adjustments to the opening statement of financial position as at 1 April 
2017 arising from the transition options: 

(a) 

The cumulative currency translation loss of the Group has been transferred to retained earnings. 

(b) 

Fair value has been used as the ‘deemed cost’ for certain property, plant and equipment. 

SFRS(I) 9, Financial Instruments

SFRS(I) 9 introduces new requirements for classification and measurement of financial assets and financial 
liabilities, general hedge accounting and impairment requirements for financial assets. Equity investments 
previously accounted for as ‘Available-For-Sale’ (AFS) investments are accounted for as ‘Fair Value through 
Other Comprehensive Income’ (FVOCI) investments. Lifetime expected credit losses are recognised for trade 
receivables and contract assets. 

SFRS(I) 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers

SFRS(I) 15 establishes a single comprehensive model of accounting for revenue arising from contracts with 
customers. The standard requires companies to apportion revenue earned from contracts to performance 
obligations based on a five-step model on a relative standalone selling price basis. It also introduces new 
contract cost guidance and requires certain additional disclosures. 

The Group has applied the retrospective method in the initial application of SFRS(I) 15, including the use of  
practical expedients. Contracts that ended before 1 April 2017 (the first comparative reporting period) were 
not restated. The adoption of SFRS(I) 15 resulted in the following key effects at the consolidated level:

(a) 

An increase in revenue allocated to sales of equipment, which are based on their relative standalone 
selling prices, and a reduction in mobile service revenue over the customer contract term. 

(b) 

An increase in cost of sales and a reduction in mobile customer acquisition costs.

(c) 

(d) 

(e) 

Commission paid to dealers and own sales force are capitalised and amortised as operating expenses 
over the customer contract term in the income statement. Capitalised contract costs are included in 
‘Other assets’ under non-current assets.

An increase in contract assets, comprising mainly unbilled equipment receivables arising from upfront 
recognition  of  revenue  from  sales  of  equipment.  Contract  assets  are  included  in  ‘Trade  and  other 
receivables’ under current assets as they are expected to be realised in the normal operating cycle. 

An  increase  in  contract  liabilities,  comprising  mainly  deferred  revenue  in  respect  of  mobile  price  
plan  discount  vouchers  given.  Contract  liabilities  are  included  in  ‘Trade  and  other  payables’  under 
current liabilities. 

There  are  no  material  differences  between  the  consolidated  statement  of  cash  flows  presented  under  SFRS(I)  
and FRS.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

234

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

42. 

RECONCILIATIONS OF PROFIT, COMPREHENSIVE INCOME AND EQUITY (Cont’d)

The tables below summarised the impact of adopting SFRS(I) 1, SFRS(I) 9 and SFRS(I) 15 for the previous financial 
year ended, and as at 31 March 2018 and 1 April 2017.

Income statement for the financial year ended 31 March 2018

Group

Operating revenue
Operating expenses
Other income

Depreciation and amortisation

Exceptional items

Profit on operating activities

Share of results of associates and joint ventures

Profit before interest, investment income (net) and tax

Interest and investment income (net)
Finance costs 

Profit before tax

Tax expense

Profit after tax 

Attributable to:
Shareholders of the Company
Non-controlling interests

Earnings per share attributable to shareholders of the Company
  - basic
  - diluted

Adjustments
S$ Mil

(263.8)
225.2
-

(38.6)

90.1

51.5

(45.3)

6.2

17.3

23.5

(0.1)
-

23.4

(1.8)

21.6

21.6
-

21.6

Previously 
reported
S$ Mil

17,531.8
(12,701.5)
258.8

5,089.1

(2,340.1)

2,749.0

1,940.4

4,689.4

1,786.7

6,476.1

45.6
(390.2)

6,131.5

(701.2)

5,430.3

5,451.4
(21.1)

5,430.3

33.40¢
33.35¢

Statement of comprehensive income for the financial year ended 31 March 2018

Group

Profit after tax 
Other comprehensive loss, net of tax 

Total comprehensive income 

Attributable to: 
Shareholders of the Company 
Non-controlling interests 

235

Previously 
reported
S$ Mil

5,430.3
(652.1)

4,778.2

4,798.6
(20.4)

4,778.2

Adjustments
S$ Mil

21.6
8.7

30.3

30.3
-

30.3

Restated
S$ Mil

17,268.0
(12,476.3)
258.8

5,050.5

(2,250.0)

2,800.5

1,895.1

4,695.6

1,804.0

6,499.6

45.5
(390.2)

6,154.9

(703.0)

5,451.9

5,473.0
(21.1)

5,451.9

33.53¢
33.48¢

Restated
S$ Mil

5,451.9
(643.4)

4,808.5

4,828.9
(20.4)

4,808.5

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

42. 

RECONCILIATIONS OF PROFIT, COMPREHENSIVE INCOME AND EQUITY (Cont’d)

Statement of Financial Position as at 31 March 2018

Group

Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Trade and other receivables 
Inventories
Derivative financial instruments

Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Intangible assets 
Joint ventures
Associates
Available-for-sale investments 
Fair value through other comprehensive income investments 
Derivative financial instruments
Deferred tax assets
Trade and other receivables 
Other assets 

Total assets

Current liabilities
Trade and other payables 
Advance billings
Current tax liabilities 
Borrowings (unsecured)
Borrowings (secured)
Derivative financial instruments 
Net deferred gain 

Non-current liabilities
Advance billings
Borrowings (unsecured)
Borrowings (secured)
Derivative financial instruments 
Net deferred gain 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Other non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Share capital and reserves
Share capital
Reserves

Equity attributable to shareholders of the Company
Non-controlling interests
Other reserve

Total equity

Previously 
reported
S$ Mil

Adjustments
S$ Mil

Restated
S$ Mil

524.9
5,035.4
397.4
23.2
5,980.9

11,800.8
13,969.1
12,782.6
2,005.5
197.9
-
409.6
360.1
747.2
-
42,272.8

48,253.7

5,233.9
794.1
351.3
1,800.5
23.1
70.0
20.1
8,293.0

225.1
8,525.1
81.5
302.2
357.7
520.4
295.1
10,307.1

18,600.1

29,653.6

4,127.3
25,551.9

29,679.2
(3.2)
(22.4)

29,653.6

-
778.3
-
(0.6)
777.7

(346.7)
-
3.9
(5.3)
(197.9)
197.9
(21.3)
(7.1)
(747.2)
587.8
(535.9)

241.8

137.1
-
-
-
-
(0.7)
-
136.4

(3.5)
61.0
-
(25.2)
-
15.2
-
47.5

183.9

57.9

-
57.9

57.9
-
-

57.9

524.9
5,813.7
397.4
22.6
6,758.6

11,454.1
13,969.1
12,786.5
2,000.2
-
197.9
388.3
353.0
-
587.8
41,736.9

48,495.5

5,371.0
794.1
351.3
1,800.5
23.1
69.3
20.1
8,429.4

221.6
8,586.1
81.5
277.0
357.7
535.6
295.1
10,354.6

18,784.0

29,711.5

4,127.3
25,609.8

29,737.1
(3.2)
(22.4)

29,711.5

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

236

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

42. 

RECONCILIATIONS OF PROFIT, COMPREHENSIVE INCOME AND EQUITY (Cont’d)

Statement of Financial Position as at 31 March 2018

Previously 
reported
S$ Mil

92.0
2,323.9
21.8
70.1
2,507.8

2,303.9
19,425.9
22.8
24.7
5.5
-
134.1
143.7
-
22,060.6

24,568.4

1,468.4
80.1
101.5
7.4
84.9
1,742.3

136.7
673.2
68.5
279.0
275.6
31.4
1,464.4

3,206.7

21,361.7

4,127.3
17,234.4

21,361.7

Adjustments
S$ Mil

Restated
S$ Mil

-
-
-
-
-

(44.5)
-
-
-
(5.5)
5.5
(3.5)
(143.7)
144.9
(46.8)

92.0
2,323.9
21.8
70.1
2,507.8

2,259.4
19,425.9
22.8
24.7
-
5.5
130.6
-
144.9
22,013.8

(46.8)

24,521.6

-
-
-
-
-
-

-
66.3
-
(28.1)
(7.4)
-
30.8

30.8

(77.6)

-
(77.6)

(77.6)

1,468.4
80.1
101.5
7.4
84.9
1,742.3

136.7
739.5
68.5
250.9
268.2
31.4
1,495.2

3,237.5

21,284.1

4,127.3
17,156.8

21,284.1

Company

Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Trade and other receivables 
Inventories
Derivative financial instruments

Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Subsidiaries
Joint ventures
Associates
Available-for-sale investments 
Fair value through other comprehensive income investments 
Derivative financial instruments
Trade and other receivables 
Other assets 

Total assets

Current liabilities
Trade and other payables 
Advance billings
Current tax liabilities 
Borrowings (secured)
Derivative financial instruments 

Non-current liabilities
Advance billings
Borrowings (unsecured)
Borrowings (secured)
Derivative financial instruments 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Other non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Share capital and reserves
Share capital
Reserves

Total equity

237

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

42. 

RECONCILIATIONS OF PROFIT, COMPREHENSIVE INCOME AND EQUITY (Cont’d)

Statement of Financial Position as at 1 April 2017

Group

Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Trade and other receivables 
Inventories
Derivative financial instruments

Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Intangible assets 
Joint ventures
Associates
Available-for-sale investments 
Fair value through other comprehensive income investments 
Derivative financial instruments
Deferred tax assets
Trade and other receivables 
Other assets 
Loan to an associate

Total assets

Current liabilities
Trade and other payables 
Advance billings
Current tax liabilities 
Borrowings (unsecured)
Borrowings (secured)
Derivative financial instruments 
Net deferred gain 

Non-current liabilities
Advance billings
Borrowings (unsecured)
Borrowings (secured)
Derivative financial instruments 
Net deferred gain 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Other non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Share capital and reserves
Share capital
Reserves

Equity attributable to shareholders of the Company
Non-controlling interests
Other reserve

Total equity

Previously 
reported
S$ Mil

Adjustments
S$ Mil

Restated
S$ Mil

533.8
4,924.2
352.2
107.3
5,917.5

11,892.9
13,072.8
12,282.9
1,952.2
192.9
-
455.2
657.8
769.5
-
1,100.5
42,376.7

48,294.2

4,922.4
835.4
296.3
3,046.9
86.7
15.8
68.8
9,272.3

245.7
7,852.7
199.6
303.1
1,282.7
574.6
349.9
10,808.3

20,080.6

28,213.6

4,127.3
24,086.3

28,213.6
22.4
(22.4)

28,213.6

-
838.2
-
(1.2)
837.0

(436.8)
-
2.4
(5.5)
(192.9)
192.9
(20.8)
(22.9)
(769.5)
592.0
-
(661.1)

175.9

132.4
25.7
-
(0.3)
-
-
-
157.8

(3.8)
45.5
-
(23.7)
-
(1.8)
(25.7)
(9.5)

148.3

27.6

-
27.6

27.6
-
-

27.6

533.8
5,762.4
352.2
106.1
6,754.5

11,456.1
13,072.8
12,285.3
1,946.7
-
192.9
434.4
634.9
-
592.0
1,100.5
41,715.6

48,470.1

5,054.8
861.1
296.3
3,046.6
86.7
15.8
68.8
9,430.1

241.9
7,898.2
199.6
279.4
1,282.7
572.8
324.2
10,798.8

20,228.9

28,241.2

4,127.3
24,113.9

28,241.2
22.4
(22.4)

28,241.2

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

238

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

42. 

RECONCILIATIONS OF PROFIT, COMPREHENSIVE INCOME AND EQUITY (Cont’d)

Statement of Financial Position as at 1 April 2017

Company

Current assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Trade and other receivables 
Inventories
Derivative financial instruments

Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Subsidiaries
Joint ventures
Associates
Available-for-sale investments 
Fair value through other comprehensive income investments 
Derivative financial instruments
Trade and other receivables 
Other assets 
Loan to an associate

Total assets

Current liabilities
Trade and other payables 
Advance billings
Current tax liabilities 
Borrowings (secured)
Derivative financial instruments 

Non-current liabilities
Advance billings
Borrowings (unsecured)
Borrowings (secured)
Derivative financial instruments 
Deferred tax liabilities 
Other non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Net assets

Share capital and reserves
Share capital
Reserves

Total equity

239

Previously 
reported
S$ Mil

89.2
1,673.3
23.8
107.1
1,893.4

2,326.5
17,441.0
23.0
603.5
37.4
-
284.9
155.1
-
1,100.5
21,971.9

23,865.3

1,602.0
74.8
100.6
1.5
110.0
1,888.9

138.3
746.2
157.2
370.0
282.2
23.7
1,717.6

3,606.5

Adjustments
S$ Mil

Restated
S$ Mil

-
-
-
(1.2)
(1.2)

(59.9)
-
-
-
(37.4)
37.4
(1.4)
(155.1)
161.0
-
(55.4)

89.2
1,673.3
23.8
105.9
1,892.2

2,266.6
17,441.0
23.0
603.5
-
37.4
283.5
-
161.0
1,100.5
21,916.5

(56.6)

23,808.7

-
-
-
-
(1.2)
(1.2)

-
56.5
-
(26.0)
(9.2)
-
21.3

20.1

1,602.0
74.8
100.6
1.5
108.8
1,887.7

138.3
802.7
157.2
344.0
273.0
23.7
1,738.9

3,626.6

20,258.8

(76.7)

20,182.1

4,127.3
16,131.5

20,258.8

-
(76.7)

(76.7)

4,127.3
16,054.8

20,182.1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

43. 

EFFECTS OF ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS ISSUED BUT NOT YET ADOPTED 

The  new  and  revised  accounting  standards  effective  from  1  April  2019  are  not  expected  to  have  a  significant 
impact  on  the  financial  statements  of  the  Group  in  the  next  financial  year  ending  31  March  2020  except  for  
SFRS(I) 16, Leases. 

SFRS(I) 16 requires lessees to adopt a single lease accounting model with leases recognised as lease liabilities in 
the statement of financial position, with corresponding “right-of-use” assets. In the income statement, depreciation 
charges on the “right-of-use” assets and interest expense on the lease liability will be recorded. In the statement of 
cash flows, lease payments will be classified as financing cash flows. The new standard also specifies new accounting 
rules for sales and leaseback of assets, as well as for subleases of leased assets under certain circumstances. The 
standard continues to adopt a dual accounting lease model for lessor accounting.

The Group will apply SFRS(I) 16 using the modified retrospective approach where the cumulative effect of initial 
application will be reflected as an adjustment to the opening statement of financial position as at 1 April 2019. The 
standard will be applied prospectively with no restatement of financial statements for the comparative periods. 

On  transition,  the  Group  will  elect  the  practical  expedients  permitted  by  the  new  standard,  including  carrying 
forward the historical lease classification, as well as excluding all leases with original maturities of one year or less, 
and leases of low value assets. 

The Group is a lessee mainly for operating leases of facilities such as central offices, data centres, corporate offices, 
retail stores, network equipment, ducts and manholes. 

In Australia, the Group sells and leases back handsets (as a lessee) from a bank for subleasing to its customers  
(as  an  intermediate  lessor).  Before  the  adoption  of  SFRS(I)  16,  the  profit  on  sale  of  handset  is  accounted  in  full 
upon  delivery,  the  lease  payments  made  (as  a  lessee)  are  accounted  as  operating  lease  expenses  over  the  
contract period, and the lease income received (as an intermediate lessor) are recognised as operating lease income 
over the contract period. Under SFRS(I) 16, however, the profit on sale and leaseback of handset to be recognised 
is subject to the proportion attributable to the bank and an upfront gain or loss on finance lease of leased handsets 
will be recognised.

The Group is still in the process of quantifying the impact of SFRS(I) 16 on the financial statements.

44.  COMPANIES IN THE GROUP

The  Company’s  immediate  and  ultimate  holding  company  is  Temasek  Holdings  (Private)  Limited,  a  company 
incorporated in Singapore. The following were the significant subsidiaries as well as associates and joint ventures 
as at 31 March 2019 and 31 March 2018.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

240

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

44.  COMPANIES IN THE GROUP (Cont’d)

44.1  Significant subsidiaries incorporated in Singapore

Name of subsidiary 

Principal activities

1.

2.

Amobee Asia Pte. Ltd.

Provision of internet advertising solutions

DataSpark Pte. Ltd.

Develop and market data analytics and 
insights products and services

3.

Group Enterprise Pte. Ltd.

Telecommunications resellers and third party 
telecommunications providers

4.

HOOQ Digital Pte. Ltd.

Provision of regional premium over-the-top 
video services

5.

NCS Communications 
Engineering Pte. Ltd.

6.

NCS Pte. Ltd. 

Provision of facilities management and 
consultancy services, and distributor of 
specialised telecommunications and data 
communication products

Provision of information technology and 
consultancy services

7.

8.

9.

NCSI Solutions Pte. Ltd. 

Provision of information technology services

SCS Computer Systems Pte. Ltd.

Provision of information technology services

Singapore Telecom International 
Pte Ltd

Holding of strategic investments and provision 
of technical and management consultancy 
services

10. SingNet Pte Ltd

Provision of internet access and pay television 
services

11. Singtel Cyber Security 

(Singapore) Pte. Ltd.

Provision of information security services and 
products

12. Singtel Innov8 Ventures Pte. Ltd.

Provision of fund management services

13. Singtel Mobile Singapore  

Pte. Ltd. 

Operation and provision of cellular mobile 
telecommunications systems and services, and 
sale of telecommunications equipment

Percentage of effective equity 
interest held by the Group

2019
%

100

100

100

65

2018
%

100

100

100

65

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

14. ST-2 Satellite Ventures 
Private Limited 

Provision of satellite capacity for 
telecommunications and video broadcasting 
services

61.9

61.9

15. Sembawang Cable Depot Pte Ltd Provision of storage facilities for submarine 

60

60

telecommunication cables and related 
equipment

241

Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

44.1  Significant subsidiaries incorporated in Singapore (Cont’d)

Name of subsidiary 

Principal activities

16. Singtel Digital Media Pte Ltd 

Development and management of on-line 
internet portal

17. SingtelSat Pte Ltd

Provision of satellite capacity for 
telecommunications and video  
broadcasting services

Percentage of effective equity 
interest held by the Group

2019
%

100

100

2018
%

100

100

18. Telecom Equipment Pte Ltd 

Engaged in the sale and maintenance of 
telecommunications equipment, and mobile 
finance services

100

100

19. Trustwave Pte. Ltd.

Provision of information security services  
and products

100

98

All companies are audited by KPMG LLP.

44.2  Significant subsidiaries incorporated in Australia

Name of subsidiary 

Principal activities

1.

2.

3.

4.

Amobee ANZ Pty Ltd

Provision of internet advertising solutions

Alphawest Services Pty Ltd (1)

Provision of information technology services

Ensyst Pty Limited

Provision of cloud services

Hivint Pty Limited

Provision of information security services  
and products

5.

NCSI (Australia) Pty Limited

Provision of information technology services

6. Optus Administration  

Pty Limited (1)

Provision of management services to the 
Optus Group

7. Optus ADSL Pty Limited (1)

Provision of carriage services

8. Optus Billing Services  

Provision of billing services to the Optus Group

Pty Limited (*) (1)

9.  Optus C1 Satellite Pty Limited (1)

C1 Satellite contracting party

10. Optus Content Pty Limited (1)

Provision of digital content acquisition

11. Optus Data Centres  

Provision of data communication services

Pty Limited (1)

Percentage of effective equity 
interest held by the Group

2019
%

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

2018
%

100

100

100

-

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

242

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

44.2  Significant subsidiaries incorporated in Australia (Cont’d)

Percentage of effective equity 
interest held by the Group

Name of subsidiary 

Principal activities

12. Optus Fixed Infrastructure  

Provision of telecommunications services

Pty Limited (1)

13. Optus Insurance Services  

Pty Limited 

Provision of handset insurance and related 
services

14. Optus Internet Pty Limited (1)

Provision of services over Hybrid Fibre Co-Axial 
network and National Broadband Network

15. Optus Mobile Pty Limited (1)

Provision of mobile phone services

16. Optus Networks Pty Limited (1)

Provision of telecommunications services

17. Optus Satellite Pty Limited (1)

Provision of satellite services 

18. Optus Systems Pty Limited (1)

Provision of information technology services to 
the Optus Group

19. Optus Vision Media  
Pty Limited (*) (2)

Provision of broadcasting related services

20. Optus Vision Pty Limited (1)

Provision of telecommunications services

21. Optus Wholesale Pty Limited (1)

Provision of services to wholesale customers

22. Prepaid Services Pty Limited (1)

Distribution of prepaid mobile products

23. Reef Networks Pty Ltd (1) 

Operation and maintenance of fibre optic 
network between Brisbane and Cairns

24. TWH Australia Pty. Ltd.

Provision of information security services and 
products

25. Uecomm Operations  

Provision of data communication services

Pty Limited (1)

26. Virgin Mobile (Australia)  

Provision of mobile phone services

Pty Limited (1)

27. Vividwireless Group Limited (1)

Provision of wireless broadband services

2019
%

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

20

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

2018
%

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

20

100

100

100

100

98

100

100

100

All companies are audited by KPMG, Australia, except for those companies denoted (*) where no statutory audit  
is required.

Notes:
(1)  These entities are relieved from the Australian Corporations Act 2001 requirements for preparation, audit and lodgement of financial reports pursuant 

to ASIC Class Order 2016/785 (as amended) dated 30 March 2007.

(2)  Optus Vision Media Pty Limited is deemed to be a subsidiary by virtue of control.

243

 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

44.3  Significant subsidiaries incorporated outside Singapore and Australia

Name of subsidiary

Principal activities

1.

Amobee EMEA Limited

2.

Amobee, Inc. 

Provision of internet advertising 
solutions

Provision of internet advertising 
solutions

Country of 
incorporation/
operation

United 
Kingdom

USA

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9.

Amobee Ltd

Research and development centre

Israel

Breach Security, Ltd.

Provision of information security 
services and products

Israel

GB21 (Hong Kong)  
Limited (2)

Provision of telecommunications 
services and products

Hong Kong

Global Enterprise 
International Malaysia 
Sdn. Bhd.

HOOQ Digital (India) 
Private Limited

Provision of data communication and 
value added network services

Malaysia

Provision of over-the-top video 
services and related activities and 
services

India

HOOQ Digital Mauritius 
Private Limited

Content operations and procurement Mauritius

HOOQ Digital  
(Philippines) Inc.

Provision of market research, sales 
and marketing support services

Philippines

10. HOOQ Digital (Thailand) 

Company Limited

Provision of market research, 
sales and marketing support services

Thailand

Percentage of effective equity 
interest held by the Group

2019
%

100

100

100

100

-

100

65

65

65

65

2018
%

100

100

100

98

100

100

65

65

65

65

11.

Lanka Communication 
Services (Pvt) Limited 

Provision of telecommunications 
services

Sri Lanka

82.9

82.9

12. M86 Security 

International, Ltd.

Provision of information security 
services and products

13. M86 Security Israel, Ltd.

Provision of information security 
services and products

14. NCS Information 

Technology (Suzhou)  
Co., Ltd. (3)

15. NCSI (Chengdu)  

Co., Ltd (3)

Software development and provision 
of information technology services

Provision of information technology 
research and development, and 
other information technology related 
services

United 
Kingdom

Israel

People’s 
Republic of 
China

People’s 
Republic of 
China

100

100

100

98

98

100

100

100

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

244

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

44.3  Significant subsidiaries incorporated outside Singapore and Australia (Cont’d)

Name of subsidiary

Principal activities

16. NCSI (HK) Limited 

Provision of information technology 
services

Country of 
incorporation/
operation

Hong Kong

17. NCSI (Malaysia) Sdn Bhd

Provision of information technology 
services

Malaysia

18. NCSI (Philippines) Inc. 

19. NCSI (Shanghai), 

Co. Ltd (3)

Provision of information technology 
and communication engineering 
services

Philippines 

Provision of system integration, 
software research and development 
and other information technology 
related services

People’s 
Republic of 
China 

Percentage of effective equity 
interest held by the Group

2019
%

100

100

100

2018
%

100

100

100

100

100

20. SCS Information 

Technology Sdn Bhd

Consultancy, sale of computer 
equipment and software including 
provision of marketing, maintenance 
and other related services

Brunei

100

100

21. Singtel Global  
Private Limited

Provision of infotainment products and 
services, and investment holding  

Mauritius

22. Singtel Global India 
Private Limited 

Provision of telecommunications 
services and all related activities

23. Singtel Innov8  

Ventures LLC

Provision of investment consulting 
services

India

USA

24. Singapore Telecom  
Hong Kong Limited 

Provision of telecommunications 
services and all related activities 

Hong Kong

25. Singapore Telecom  
Japan Co Ltd 

Provision of telecommunications 
services and all related activities

Japan

100

100

100

100

100

26. Singapore Telecom  
Korea Limited

Provision of telecommunications 
services and all related activities

South Korea

100

27. Singapore Telecom  

USA, Inc. 

Provision of telecommunications, 
engineering and marketing services

USA

28. Singtel (Europe) Limited 

Provision of telecommunications 
services and all related activities

29. Singtel Taiwan Limited 

Provision of telecommunications 
services and all related activities

30. STI Solutions (Shanghai) 

Co., Ltd

Provision of telecommunications 
services and all related activities

United 
Kingdom

Taiwan

People’s 
Republic of 
China

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

245

Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

44.3  Significant subsidiaries incorporated outside Singapore and Australia (Cont’d)

Name of subsidiary

Principal activities

31. Sudong Sdn. Bhd.

Management, provision and 
operations of a call centre for 
telecommunications services

Country of 
incorporation/
operation

Malaysia

32. Trustwave Canada, Inc.

Provision of information security 
services and products

Canada

33. Trustwave Government 

Solutions, LLC

Provision of information security 
services and products

34. Trustwave Holdings, Inc. 

Provision of information security 
services and products

USA

USA

35. Trustwave Limited

Provision of information security 
services and products

United 
Kingdom

36. Trustwave SecureConnect 

Inc.

Provision of information security 
services and products

USA

37. Turn Europe (UK) Limited

Provision of internet advertising 
solutions

United 
Kingdom

Percentage of effective equity 
interest held by the Group

2019
%

100

100

100

100

100

100

100

2018
%

100

98

98

98

98

98

100

All companies are audited by a member firm of KPMG. 

Notes:
(1)  The place of business of the subsidiaries are the same as their country of incorporation. 
(2)  The company has been disposed during the year. 
(3)  Subsidiary’s financial year-end is 31 December.

44.4  Associates of the Group

Name of associate 

Principal activities

2359 Media  
Pte. Ltd. 

Development and design of mobile-
based advertising

Country of 
incorporation/
operation

Singapore

Percentage of effective equity 
interest held by the Group

2019
%

28.3

2018
%

28.3

APT Satellite Holdings 
Limited (2)

Investment holding 

Bermuda

20.3

20.3

APT Satellite International 
Company Limited (2)

Investment holding 

British Virgin 
Islands

28.6

28.6

1.

2.

3.

4.

HOPE Technik Pte Ltd

Provision of high performance unique 
engineering solutions 

Singapore

21.3

21.3

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

246

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

44.4  Associates of the Group (Cont’d)

Name of associate 

Principal activities

5.

Intouch Holdings Public 
Company Limited (3)

Investment holding

6.

Kai Square 

Provision of next generation cloud-
based video surveillance services, 
monitoring and analytics based on 
unified platform

Country of 
incorporation/
operation

Thailand

Percentage of effective equity 
interest held by the Group

2019
%

21.0

2018
%

21.0

Singapore

39.2

39.2

7. MassiveImpact 
International Ltd

Provision of performance based 
mobile advertising platform

British Virgin 
Islands

48.9

48.9

8.

NetLink Trust (4)

To own, install, operate and 
maintain the passive infrastructure 
for Singapore’s Next Generation 
Nationwide Broadband Network

Singapore

24.8

24.8

9.

NetLink NBN Trust (4)

Investment holding

Singapore

10. Sentilla Corporation

Provision of energy management 
services for data centres

USA

24.8

31.0

24.8

31.0

11. Singapore Post 
Limited (4)

Operation and provision of postal, 
eCommerce logistics and retail 
services

Singapore

21.7

21.7

12. SESTO Robotics Pte Ltd

Provision of autonomous mobile robots Singapore

13. Viewers Choice Pte Ltd 

Provision of services relating to motor 
vehicle rental and retail of general 
merchandise

Singapore

28.5

49.2

-

49.2

Notes:
(1)  The place of business of the associates are the same as their country of incorporation.
(2)  The company has been equity accounted for in the consolidated financial statements based on results ended, or as at, 31 December 2018, the financial 

year-end of the company. 

(3)  Audited by Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Jaiyos Audit Co. Ltd, Bangkok. 
(4)  Audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, Singapore.

44.5 

Joint ventures of the Group

Name of joint venture 

Principal activities

1.

Acasia Communications 
Sdn Bhd (3)

Provision of networking services to 
business customers operating within 
and outside Malaysia

Country of 
incorporation/
operation

Malaysia

Percentage of effective equity 
interest held by the Group

2019
%

14.3

2018
%

14.3

2.

ACPL Marine Pte Ltd

To own, operate and manage 
maintenance-cum-laying cableships

Singapore

16.7

16.7

247

Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

44.5 

Joint ventures of the Group (Cont’d)

Name of joint venture 

Principal activities

Advanced Info Service 
Public Company 
Limited (4) (5)

Provision of mobile, broadband,  
international telecommunications 
services, call centre and data 
transmission

Country of 
incorporation/
operation

Thailand

Percentage of effective equity 
interest held by the Group

2019
%

23.3

2018
%

23.3

ASEAN Cableship 
Pte Ltd

Operation of cableships for laying, 
repair and maintenance of submarine 
telecommunication cables

Singapore

16.7

16.7

ASEAN Telecom Holdings 
Sdn Bhd (3)

Asiacom Philippines, 
Inc. (3)

Investment holding 

Malaysia

14.3

14.3

Investment holding 

Philippines

40.0

40.0

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Bharti Airtel Limited (6)  

Provision of mobile, long distance 
broadband and telephony 
telecommunications services, 
enterprise solutions, pay television and 
passive infrastructure

India 

39.5

39.5

8.

9.

Bharti Telecom Limited (6) 

Investment holding 

India

Bridge Mobile Pte. Ltd. 

Provision of regional mobile services

Singapore

10. Globe Telecom, Inc. (7) (8)

Provision of mobile, broadband, 
international and fixed line 
telecommunications services

Philippines

48.9

34.5

21.5

48.9

34.5

21.5

11. Grid Communications  

Provision of public trunk radio services Singapore

50.0

50.0

Pte. Ltd. (3)

12.

13.

Indian Ocean Cableship 
Pte. Ltd.

Leasing, operating and managing of 
maintenance-cum-laying cableship

Singapore

50.0

50.0

International Cableship 
Pte Ltd

Ownership and chartering of 
cableships

Singapore

45.0

45.0

14. Main Event Television  

Pty Limited

Provision of cable television 
programmes 

Australia

33.3

33.3

15. Pacific Bangladesh 

Telecom Limited 

Provision of mobile 
telecommunications, broadband and 
data transmission services

Bangladesh

45.0

45.0

16. Pacific Carriage Holdings 

Limited (9) 

Operation and provision of 
telecommunications facilities and 
services utilising a network of 
submarine cable systems

Bermuda

39.99

39.99

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

248

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E
A
N
D
S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Notes to the Financial Statements

For the financial year ended 31 March 2019

44.5 

Joint ventures of the Group (Cont’d)

Name of joint venture 

Principal activities

Country of 
incorporation/
operation

17. PT Telekomunikasi  

Selular (10)

Provision of mobile telecommunications 
and related services

Indonesia

Percentage of effective equity 
interest held by the Group

2019
%

35.0

2018
%

35.0

18. Radiance Communications 

Pte Ltd (3)

Sale, distribution, installation and 
maintenance of telecommunications 
equipment 

Singapore

  50.0

  50.0

19. Southern Cross Cables 

Holdings Limited (9) (11)

Operation and provision of 
telecommunications facilities and 
services utilising a network of 
submarine cable systems

Bermuda

39.99

39.99

20. Telescience Singapore  

Pte Ltd (12)

Sale, distribution and installation of 
telecommunications and information 
technology equipment and services

Singapore

-

50.0

21. VA Dynamics Sdn. Bhd. (3)

Distribution of networking cables and 
related products

Malaysia

49.0

49.0

Notes:
(1)  The place of business of the joint ventures are the same as their country of incorporation, unless otherwise specified. 
(2)  The Group holds substantive participating rights over the significant financial and operating decisions of the above joint ventures, which enables the 

Group to exercise joint control with the other shareholders. 

(3)  The company has been equity accounted for in the consolidated financial statements based on the results ended, or as at, 31 December 2018, the 

financial year-end of the company.

(4)  Audited by Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Jaiyos Audit Co. Ltd, Bangkok. 
(5)  This represents the Group’s direct interest in AIS. 
(6)  Audited by Deloitte Haskins & Sells LLP, New Delhi. Bharti Airtel Limited has business operations in India, Sri Lanka, and 14 countries across Africa. 
(7)  Audited by Navarro Amper & Co. (a member firm of Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu Limited).
(8)  The Group has a 47.1% effective economic interest in Globe.
(9)  The Southern Cross Cable Consortium operates through two separate companies. Southern Cross Cables Holdings Limited owns a cable network 

between Australia and the USA, with operations outside the USA. Pacific Carriage Holdings Limited has operations within the USA.

(10)  Audited by Purwantono, Sungkoro & Surja (a member firm of Ernst & Young).
(11)  Audited by KPMG, Bermuda. 
(12)  The company has been disposed during the year. 

249

Interested Person Transactions

The aggregate value of all interested person transactions during the financial year ended 31 March 2019 (excluding 
transactions less than S$100,000) were as follows -

Name of interested person

Ascendas - Singbridge Pte Ltd
Certis CISCO Auxiliary Police Force Pte Ltd
Ensign InfoSecurity (Systems) Pte Ltd
Grid Communications Pte. Ltd.
HarbourFront Centre Pte Ltd
Human Capital Leadership Institute
Mediacorp Pte Ltd
Mediacorp VizPro International Pte Ltd
Nexwave Technologies Pte Ltd
Power Gas Ltd
PSA Corporation Ltd
Radiance Communications Pte Ltd
SP Digital Pte. Ltd.
ST Electronics (Info-Security) Pte Ltd
ST Engineering Electronics Ltd.
ST Electronics (Satcom & Sensor Systems) Pte Ltd
StarHub Cable Vision Ltd
StarHub Ltd
StarHub Mobile Pte Ltd
Surbana Jurong Consultants Pte Ltd
Synergy FMI Pte Ltd

S$ Mil

0.2
8.8
0.1
0.3
0.2
0.1
16.0
0.2
0.1
0.3
0.3
2.5
0.3
3.6
5.9
0.3
36.6
7.7
1.7
1.4
0.2

86.8

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

250

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E

A
N
D

S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Additional Information on  
Directors Seeking Re-election

Name of Director

Christina Hon Kwee Fong  
(Mrs Christina Ong)

Simon Claude Israel

Date of appointment

7 April 2014

Date of last re-appointment  
(if applicable)

Age

29 July 2016

67

Country of principal residence

Singapore

4 July 2003 (as Director) 
29 July 2011 (as Chairman)

29 July 2016

66

Singapore

The Board’s comments on this  
re-election/appointment

After reviewing the recommendation 
of the Corporate Governance  
and Nominations Committee and  
Mrs Ong’s qualifications and 
experience (as set out below), the 
Board has confirmed Mrs Ong’s 
independence and approved that  
Mrs Ong stands for re-election as a 
non-executive/independent Director.

Mrs Ong will, upon re-election, 
continue to serve as a member of 
the Corporate Governance and 
Nominations Committee and the  
Audit Committee. 

After reviewing the recommendation 
of the Corporate Governance and 
Nominations Committee and Mr Israel’s 
qualifications and experience (as set out 
below), the Board has approved that  
Mr Israel stands for re-election as a non-
executive and non-independent Director.

Mr Israel will, upon re-election, continue 
to serve as Chairman of the Board, 
Chairman of the Finance and Investment 
Committee, and a member of the 
Corporate Governance and Nominations 
Committee, the Executive Resource and 
Compensation Committee and the Optus 
Advisory Committee. 

Whether appointment is executive, 
and if so, the area of responsibility

Non-executive

Non-executive

Job title (e.g. Lead ID, AC Chairman, 
AC Member etc.)

Non-executive and independent 
Director

Non-executive and non-independent 
Director

Member of the Corporate Governance 
and Nominations Committee

Member of the Audit Committee

Chairman of the Board

Chairman of the Finance and 
Investment Committee

Member of the Corporate Governance 
and Nominations Committee

Member of the Executive Resource and 
Compensation Committee

Member of the Optus Advisory 
Committee

Diploma in Business Studies from  
The University of the South Pacific

Professional qualifications

Bachelor of Laws (Second Upper  
Class Honours) from the University  
of Singapore

Member of the Law Society of 
Singapore and the International Bar 
Association  

251

Additional Information on  
Directors Seeking Re-election

Dominic Stephen Barton

Bradley Joseph Horowitz

Gail Patricia Kelly

25 March 2019

26 December 2018

26 December 2018

Not applicable 

Not applicable

Not applicable

56

Canada 

54

United States of America

63

Australia

After reviewing the recommendation 
of the Corporate Governance and 
Nominations Committee and  
Mr Barton’s qualifications and 
experience (as set out below), the 
Board has confirmed Mr Barton’s 
independence and approved that 
Mr Barton stands for re-election as a 
non-executive/independent Director.

After reviewing the recommendation 
of the Corporate Governance 
and Nominations Committee and 
Mr Horowitz’s qualifications and 
experience (as set out below), the 
Board has confirmed Mr Horowitz’s 
independence and approved that  
Mr Horowitz stands for re-election as a 
non-executive/independent Director.

After reviewing the recommendation 
of the Corporate Governance and 
Nominations Committee and  
Mrs Kelly’s qualifications and 
experience (as set out below), the 
Board has confirmed Mrs Kelly’s 
independence and approved that  
Mrs Kelly stands for re-election as a 
non-executive/independent Director.

Mr Barton will, upon re-election, 
continue to serve as a member of  
the Finance and Investment 
Committee and the Risk Committee. 

Mr Horowitz will, upon re-election, 
continue to serve as a member of the 
Finance and Investment Committee 
and the Technology Advisory Panel. 

Mrs Kelly will, upon re-election, 
continue to serve as a member of the 
Executive Resource and Compensation 
Committee, the Audit Committee and 
the Optus Advisory Committee.

Non-executive

Non-executive

Non-executive

Non-executive and independent 
Director
Member of the Finance and 
Investment Committee 
Member of the Risk Committee

Non-executive and independent 
Director

Non-executive and independent 
Director

Member of the Finance and 
Investment Committee 

Member of the Executive Resource 
and Compensation Committee

Member of the Technology Advisory 
Panel

Member of the Audit Committee

Member of the Optus Advisory 
Committee 

Bachelor of Arts (Honours) in 
Economics from the University of 
British Columbia

Master of Philosophy in Economics 
from Oxford University

Bachelor in Computer Science from 
the University of Michigan

Masters in Media Science from the 
Media Lab at the Massachusetts 
Institute of Technology

Bachelor of Arts and Higher Diploma 
of Education from the University of 
Cape Town 

Masters of Business Administration 
(with Distinction) from the University  
of the Witwatersrand

Honorary Doctorate of Business from 
the University of New South Wales, 
Macquarie University and Charles 
Sturt University 

Honorary Doctorate of Science in 
Economics from the University of Sydney

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

252

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E

A
N
D

S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Additional Information on  
Directors Seeking Re-election

Name of Director

Christina Hon Kwee Fong  
(Mrs Christina Ong)

Simon Claude Israel

Working experience and 
occupation(s) during the past  
10 years

Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited
2006 to 2011
Executive Director and President

Allen & Gledhill LLP 
1987 to present

Mrs Ong joined Allen & Gledhill LLP 
in 1987 as a Partner. She is now the 
Co-Chairman and Senior Partner, a 
member of EXCO and Co-Head of  
the Financial Services Department.

Mrs Ong currently also serves as a 
Director/Member/Trustee of various 
entities including those which are 
owned by Allen & Gledhill LLP. Please 
refer to her present directorships/
principal commitments provided 
below for further information.

Shareholding interest in the listed 
issuer and its subsidiaries

No

Any relationship (including immediate 
family relationships) with any existing 
director, existing executive officer, the 
issuer and/or substantial shareholder 
of the listed issuer or of any of its 
principal subsidiaries

Conflict of interests (including any 
competing business)

Undertaking (in the format set out in 
Appendix 7.7) under Rule 720(1) has 
been submitted to the listed issuer

No

No

Yes

Yes
1,019,593 ordinary shares in Singapore 
Telecommunications Limited  
(Direct interest)
1,360 ordinary shares in Singapore 
Telecommunications Limited  
(Deemed interest)

No

No

Yes

Other Principal Commitments* Including Directorships
* “Principal Commitments” has the same meaning as defined in the Code of Corporate Governance 2018.

Past (for the last 5 years)

Other principal commitments:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:334)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:286)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:399)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:34)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:368)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)

Other listed company:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:56)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)

Other principal commitment:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:87)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:368)(cid:292)(cid:850)(cid:845)(cid:912)

Director

253

Additional Information on  
Directors Seeking Re-election

Dominic Stephen Barton

Bradley Joseph Horowitz

Gail Patricia Kelly

McKinsey & Company
2009 to present
Senior Partner, former Global 
Managing Partner

Google, Inc.
2008 to present 
Vice President of Product 
Management

Yahoo, Inc.
2004 to 2008
Vice President of Advanced 
Development

Westpac Banking Corporation
2008 to 2015
Group Chief Executive Officer and 
Managing Director

No

No

No

Yes

Other principal commitment:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:61)(cid:287)(cid:54)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:1003)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)

Managing Partner

No

No

No

Yes

Nil

No

No

No

Yes

Other listed companies:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:113)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:388)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:39)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912) 

South Africa, Director

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)

Australia, Executive Director (in role 
as Group Chief Executive Officer  
and Managing Director) 

Other principal commitments:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:15)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:21)(cid:271)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:52)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:34)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:326)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:34)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)

Children, Director

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:68)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:39)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:112)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

254

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E

A
N
D

S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Additional Information on  
Directors Seeking Re-election

Name of Director

Present

Christina Hon Kwee Fong  
(Mrs Christina Ong)

Simon Claude Israel

Other listed companies:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:39)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:326)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:39)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)

Other listed companies:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:34)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:891)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)

Director 

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:68)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:271)(cid:891)(cid:16)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)

Corporation Limited, Director 

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:87)(cid:41)(cid:1)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)

Director

Other principal commitments:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:15)(cid:34)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:393)(cid:912)(cid:34)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)

Limited, Director

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:342)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)

Other principal commitments:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:35)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:54)(cid:373)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:119)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)
School of Public Policy, Member

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:87)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:56)(cid:35)(cid:912)

Limited, Director

Member of the Supervisory Committee

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:113)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:1003)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:56)(cid:80)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:891)(cid:16)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:1003)(cid:912)

Member

Senior Partner

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:1003)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:1003)(cid:912)
Compliance Pte. Ltd., Director
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:342)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)

Committee, Member

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:25)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:39)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:361)(cid:912) 

Pte. Ltd., Director

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:25)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)

Director

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:25)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:368)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:850)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:388)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:399)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:912)

Trust, Trustee

No

No

Information required
Disclose the following matters concerning an appointment of director.

No

No

(a)  Whether at any time during the 
last 10 years, an application or a 
petition under any bankruptcy law 
of any jurisdiction was filed against 
him or against a partnership of 
which he was a partner at the time 
when he was a partner or at any 
time within 2 years from the date 
he ceased to be a partner?

(b)  Whether at any time during the last 
10 years, an application or a petition 
under any law of any jurisdiction 
was filed against an entity (not being 
a partnership) of which he was a 
director or an equivalent person or 
a key executive, at the time when 
he was a director or an equivalent 
person or a key executive of that 
entity or at any time within 2 years 
from the date he ceased to be a 
director or an equivalent person or 
a key executive of that entity, for the 
winding up or dissolution of that entity 
or, where that entity is the trustee of a 
business trust, that business trust, on 
the ground of insolvency?

255

Additional Information on  
Directors Seeking Re-election

Dominic Stephen Barton

Bradley Joseph Horowitz

Gail Patricia Kelly

Other listed company:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:93)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:326)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:357)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:56)(cid:312)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:334)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)

Other principal commitments:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:35)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:306)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:850)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:112)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:292)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)

Other principal commitments:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:904)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:329)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:845)(cid:912)

Other principal commitments:
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:306)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:83)(cid:296)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)

Council, Chairman 

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:61)(cid:287)(cid:54)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:1003)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:354)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:357)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:68)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:394)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:296)(cid:912)

Corporate Board

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:98)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:310)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:357)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:34)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:904)(cid:361)(cid:912)
Advisory Council on Economic 
Growth, Chairman

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:87)(cid:296)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)

Council, Chairman

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:15)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:326)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:357)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:87)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:271)(cid:354)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:25)(cid:287)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:296)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:334)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:912)

Board’s International Advisory 
Council, Member 

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:329)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:54)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:306)(cid:912)

in New York City, Member 

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:305)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:34)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:271)(cid:845)(cid:912)

Member

Product Management 

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:41)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:373)(cid:373)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:21)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:287)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:357)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:61)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:287)(cid:310)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:41)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)

Patron

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:80)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:354)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)

Director

Technology, Member of the Visiting 
Committee of Media Lab 

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:15)(cid:357)(cid:296)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:342)(cid:335)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:342)(cid:342)(cid:292)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:334)(cid:334)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:368)(cid:296)(cid:296)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:15)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:845)(cid:912)

Honorary Member

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:16)(cid:1)(cid:83)(cid:25)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:373)(cid:361)(cid:368)(cid:357)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:271)(cid:361)(cid:361)(cid:271)(cid:292)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)(cid:305)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)

Women’s Empowerment
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:93)(cid:310)(cid:312)(cid:357)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:61)(cid:287)(cid:54)(cid:312)(cid:335)(cid:361)(cid:296)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:16)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:312)(cid:329)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:61)(cid:296)(cid:334)(cid:286)(cid:296)(cid:357)
(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:80)(cid:56)(cid:373)(cid:87)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:329)(cid:329)(cid:312)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:287)(cid:296)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:292)(cid:387)(cid:312)(cid:361)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:15)(cid:342)(cid:271)(cid:357)(cid:292)(cid:845)(cid:912)

Member

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:98)(cid:15)(cid:87)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:35)(cid:912)(cid:271)(cid:335)(cid:292)(cid:912)(cid:98)(cid:15)(cid:87)(cid:912)(cid:35)(cid:357)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:354)(cid:912)(cid:1)(cid:35)(cid:845)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:296)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:342)(cid:357)(cid:912)

Global Adviser

(cid:843)(cid:912) (cid:98)(cid:335)(cid:312)(cid:387)(cid:296)(cid:357)(cid:361)(cid:312)(cid:368)(cid:394)(cid:912)(cid:342)(cid:305)(cid:912)(cid:62)(cid:296)(cid:388)(cid:912)(cid:87)(cid:342)(cid:373)(cid:368)(cid:310)(cid:912)(cid:113)(cid:271)(cid:329)(cid:296)(cid:361)(cid:845)(cid:912)

Adjunct Professor

No

No

No

No

No

No

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

256

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E

A
N
D

S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Additional Information on  
Directors Seeking Re-election

Name of Director

Christina Hon Kwee Fong  
(Mrs Christina Ong)

Simon Claude Israel

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

(c)  Whether there is any unsatisfied 

judgment against him?

(d)  Whether he has ever been 
convicted of any offence, in 
Singapore or elsewhere, involving 
fraud or dishonesty which is 
punishable with imprisonment, or 
has been the subject of any criminal 
proceedings (including any pending 
criminal proceedings of which he is 
aware) for such purpose?

(e)  Whether he has ever been 
convicted of any offence, in 
Singapore or elsewhere, involving 
a breach of any law or regulatory 
requirement that relates to the 
securities or futures industry in 
Singapore or elsewhere, or has 
been the subject of any criminal 
proceedings (including any pending 
criminal proceedings of which he is 
aware) for such breach?

(f)  Whether at any time during the last 

No

10 years, judgment has been entered 
against him in any civil proceedings 
in Singapore or elsewhere involving 
a breach of any law or regulatory 
requirement that relates to the 
securities or futures industry in 
Singapore or elsewhere, or a 
finding of fraud, misrepresentation 
or dishonesty on his part, or he 
has been the subject of any civil 
proceedings (including any pending 
civil proceedings of which he is 
aware) involving an allegation 
of fraud, misrepresentation or 
dishonesty on his part?

(g)  Whether he has ever been convicted 
in Singapore or elsewhere of any 
offence in connection with the 
formation or management of any 
entity or business trust?

No

(h)  Whether he has ever been 

No

disqualified from acting as a director 
or an equivalent person of any entity 
(including the trustee of a business 
trust), or from taking part directly or 
indirectly in the management of any 
entity or business trust?

257

Additional Information on  
Directors Seeking Re-election

Dominic Stephen Barton

Bradley Joseph Horowitz

Gail Patricia Kelly

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

258

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E

A
N
D

S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Additional Information on  
Directors Seeking Re-election

Name of Director

Christina Hon Kwee Fong  
(Mrs Christina Ong)

Simon Claude Israel

No

(i)  Whether he has ever been the 
subject of any order, judgment 
or ruling of any court, tribunal or 
governmental body, permanently 
or temporarily enjoining him from 
engaging in any type of business 
practice or activity?

(j)  Whether he has ever, to his 

knowledge, been concerned with 
the management or conduct, in 
Singapore or elsewhere, of the 
affairs of:–

(i)  any corporation which has been 
investigated for a breach of any 
law or regulatory requirement 
governing corporations in 
Singapore or elsewhere; or

No

(ii)  any entity (not being a 

No

corporation) which has been 
investigated for a breach for any 
law or regulatory requirement 
governing such entities in 
Singapore or elsewhere; or

(iii)  any business trust which has 

No

been investigated for a breach 
of any law or regulatory 
requirement governing  
business trusts in Singapore  
or elsewhere; or

(iv)  any entity or business trust 

No

which has been investigated 
for a breach of any law or 
regulatory requirement that 
relates to the securities or 
futures industry in Singapore  
or elsewhere,

No

No

No

No

No

in connection with any matter 
occurring or arising during that 
period when he was so concerned 
with the entity or business trust?

(k)  Whether he has been the subject 

of any current or past investigation 
or disciplinary proceedings, or has 
been reprimanded or issued any 
warning, by the Monetary Authority 
of Singapore or any other regulatory 
authority, exchange, professional 
body or government agency, 
whether in Singapore or elsewhere?

259

Yes
-  An enquiry by the Law Society of 

No

Singapore in 1986/1987 of a complaint 
which was dismissed by the Law 
Society of Singapore.

 
Additional Information on  
Directors Seeking Re-election

Dominic Stephen Barton

Bradley Joseph Horowitz

Gail Patricia Kelly

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

No

Note:
The information in this section is as of 15 May 2019.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

260

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E

A
N
D

S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Shareholder Information

As at 27 May 2019

ORDINARY SHARES

Number of ordinary shareholders

328,719 

Voting rights:
On a show of hands – every member present in person and each proxy shall have one vote
On a poll – every member present in person or by proxy shall have one vote for every share he holds or represents 
(The Company cannot exercise any voting rights in respect of shares held by it as treasury shares or subsidiary holdings (1))

Note:
(1)  “Subsidiary  holdings”  is  defined  in  the  Listing  Manual  to  mean  shares  referred  to  in  Sections  21(4),  21(4B),  21(6A)  and  21(6C)  of  the  Companies  Act,  

Chapter 50 of Singapore.

SUBSTANTIAL SHAREHOLDERS

Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited

8,132,818,602

440,338,370 (1)

No. of shares

Direct
interest

Deemed
interest

Note:
(1)  Deemed through interests of subsidiaries and associated companies.  

MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS LIST – TOP 20

No.

Name

Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited
Citibank Nominees Singapore Pte Ltd
DBS Nominees (Private) Limited
DBSN Services Pte Ltd
Central Provident Fund Board
HSBC (Singapore) Nominees Pte Ltd
Atrium Investments Pte Ltd
Raffles Nominees (Pte) Limited
BPSS Nominees Singapore (Pte.) Ltd.

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10 United Overseas Bank Nominees (Private) Limited
11 OCBC Nominees Singapore Private Limited
Societe Generale Singapore Branch
12
13 Maybank Kim Eng Securities Pte Ltd
14 OCBC Securities Private Ltd
15 DB Nominees (Singapore) Pte Ltd
16
17 Morgan Stanley Asia (Singapore) Securities Pte Ltd 
18 UOB Kay Hian Pte Ltd
19 Merrill Lynch (Singapore) Pte Ltd
20

BNP Paribas Nominees Singapore Pte Ltd

Phillip Securities Pte Ltd

No. of
shares held

% of issued 
share capital (1)

 8,132,818,602 
 1,890,056,474 
 1,790,798,738 (2) 
 1,130,926,449 
 829,584,324 
 533,816,595 
 358,354,351 
 243,974,170 
 97,626,252 
 63,073,194 
 36,708,110 
 26,016,159 
 25,243,038 
 20,451,725 
 18,997,965 
 16,878,383 
 13,559,279 
 11,900,982 
 10,997,368 
 10,971,140 
 15,262,753,298 

 49.81 
 11.58 
 10.97 
 6.93 
 5.08 
 3.27 
 2.19 
 1.49 
 0.60 
 0.39 
 0.22 
 0.16 
 0.15 
 0.12 
 0.12 
 0.10 
 0.08 
 0.07 
 0.07 
 0.07 
 93.47 

Notes:
(1)  The  percentage  of  issued  ordinary  shares  is  calculated  based  on  the  number  of  issued  ordinary  shares  of  the  Company  as  at  27  May  2019,  excluding  

808,005 ordinary shares held as treasury shares as at that date.

(2)  Excludes 808,005 ordinary shares held by DBS Nominees (Private) Limited as treasury shares for the account of the Company.

261

Shareholder Information

As at 27 May 2019

ANALYSIS OF SHAREHOLDERS

Range of holdings

1 - 99
100 - 1,000
1,001 - 10,000
10,001 - 1,000,000
1,000,001 and above

No. of
holders

 2,981 
 236,659 
 71,407 
 17,616 
 56 
 328,719 

% of
holders

0.91
71.99
21.72
5.36
0.02
100.00

No. of
shares

% of issued
share capital

 122,667 
 59,906,557 
 264,977,736 
 647,344,668 
 15,356,806,672 
 16,329,158,300 

0.00
0.37
1.62
3.96
94.05
100.00

Note:
As at 27 May 2019, the Company had 808,005 treasury shares and no subsidiary holdings. Based on information available to the Company as at 27 May 2019,  
approximately 47% of the issued ordinary shares of the Company is held by the public and, therefore, Rule 723 of the Listing Manual issued by the Singapore  
Exchange Securities Trading Limited is complied with. The percentage of issued ordinary shares held by the public is calculated based on the number of issued 
ordinary shares of the Company as at 27 May 2019, excluding 808,005 ordinary shares held as treasury shares as at that date. The percentage of such treasury  
shares against the total number of issued ordinary shares (excluding ordinary shares held as treasury shares) is 0.005%.

SHARE PURCHASE MANDATE

At  the  26th  Annual  General  Meeting  of  the  Company  held  on  24  July  2018  (2018  AGM),  the  shareholders  approved  
the renewal of a mandate to enable the Company to purchase or otherwise acquire not more than 5% of the issued 
ordinary  share  capital  of  the  Company  as  at  the  date  of  the  2018  AGM.  As  at  27  May  2019,  there  is  no  current  
on-market buy-back of shares pursuant to the mandate.

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

262

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E

A
N
D

S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

 
 
 
 
Corporate Information (1) 

BOARD OF DIRECTORS

RISK COMMITTEE

SHARE REGISTRAR

Teo Swee Lian (Chairman)
Gautam Banerjee
Dominic Barton
Bobby Chin

LEAD INDEPENDENT DIRECTOR

Low Check Kian
Email: check.low@clunyparkcapital.com

M & C Services Private Limited
112 Robinson Road
#05-01
Singapore 068902
Republic of Singapore
Tel: +65 6228 0544 
Fax: +65 6225 1452
Email: annualreports@mncsingapore.com
Website: www.mncsingapore.com

OPTUS ADVISORY COMMITTEE

SINGTEL AMERICAN 
DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS

Simon Israel (Chairman)
Gautam Banerjee
Dominic Barton
Bobby Chin
Chua Sock Koong (Group CEO)
Venkataraman (Venky) Ganesan
Bradley Horowitz
Gail Kelly
Low Check Kian
Peter Mason AM (2)
Christina Ong
Teo Swee Lian

AUDIT COMMITTEE

Bobby Chin (Chairman)
Gautam Banerjee
Gail Kelly
Christina Ong

Peter Mason AM (2) (Chairman)
Chua Sock Koong
David Gonski AC (3)
Simon Israel
Gail Kelly
John Morschel
Paul O’Sullivan

CORPORATE GOVERNANCE AND 
NOMINATIONS COMMITTEE

TECHNOLOGY ADVISORY PANEL

Low Check Kian (Chairman)
Simon Israel
Christina Ong
Teo Swee Lian

Venky Ganesan (Chairman)
Manik Gupta
Bradley Horowitz
Koh Boon Hwee 

ASSISTANT COMPANY SECRETARY

EXECUTIVE RESOURCE AND 
COMPENSATION COMMITTEE

Lim Li Ching

Peter Mason AM (2) (Chairman)
Simon Israel
Gail Kelly
Teo Swee Lian

FINANCE AND INVESTMENT
COMMITTEE

Simon Israel (Chairman)
Dominic Barton
Venky Ganesan
Bradley Horowitz
Low Check Kian

REGISTERED OFFICE

31 Exeter Road
Comcentre 
Singapore 239732
Republic of Singapore 
Tel: +65 6838 3388
Fax: +65 6732 8428
Website: www.singtel.com 

263

Citibank Shareholder Services 
PO Box 43077
Providence, Rhode Island 02940-3077
USA 
Tel: 1 877 248 4237
(Toll free within USA)
Tel: +1 781 575 4555 (Outside USA)
Email: citibank@shareholders-online.com
Website: www.citi.com/dr

AUDITORS

KPMG LLP
(appointed on 24 July 2018)
16 Raffles Quay 
#22-00
Hong Leong Building
Singapore 048581
Republic of Singapore 
Tel: +65 6213 3388
Fax: +65 6225 0984

Audit Partner: Ong Pang Thye

INVESTOR RELATIONS

31 Exeter Road 
#19-00 Comcentre 
Singapore 239732
Republic of Singapore 
Tel: +65 6838 2123
Email: investor@singtel.com

Notes:
(1)  The information in this section is as at 15 May 2019.
(2)  Member of the Order of Australia.
(3)  Companion of the Order of Australia.

Contact Points 

SINGAPORE

Singtel Headquarters 
31 Exeter Road, Comcentre  
Singapore 239732 
Republic of Singapore  
Tel: +65 6838 3388  
Fax: +65 6732 8428  
Website: www.singtel.com

NCS Pte Ltd 
5 Ang Mo Kio Street 62  
NCS Hub, Singapore 569141  
Republic of Singapore 
Tel: +65 6556 8000  
Fax: +65 6556 7000  
Email: reachus@ncs.com.sg

AUSTRALIA

Singtel Optus Pty Limited Sydney 
(Head Office)  
Optus Centre Sydney  
1 Lyonpark Road, Macquarie Park 
NSW 2113, Australia  
Tel: +61 2 8082 7800  
Fax: +61 2 8082 7100 
Website: www.optus.com.au      

Adelaide 
Level 4, 108 North Terrace
Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia 
Tel: +61 87328 5114  
Fax: +61 1800 500 261

Brisbane 
Optus Centre Brisbane
Level 9, 15 Green Squareclose       
Fortitude Valley, QLD 4006, 
Australia 
Tel: +61 7 3304 7000  
Fax: +61 7 3174 7087   

Canberra 
Level 3, 10 Moore Street        
Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia 
Tel: +61 2 6222 3800  
Fax: +61 2 6222 3838   

Darwin 
Optus Centre Darwin 
49 Woods Street Darwin 
NT 0800, Australia  
Tel: +61 8 8901 4500  
Fax: +61 8 8901 4505 

Melbourne 
367 Collins Street  
Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia 
Tel: +61 3 9233 4000 
Fax: +61 3 9233 4900 

Perth 
Optus Centre Perth
Level 3, 2 Victoria Avenue  
Perth, WA 6000, Australia  
Tel: +61 8 9288 3000  
Fax: +61 8 9288 3030 

CHINA                  

Beijing
Unit 1503, Beijing Silver Tower 2                       
Dongsanhuanbei Road
Chaoyang District, Beijing 100027
People’s Republic of China
Tel: +86 10 6410 6193 / 4 / 5
Fax: +86 10 6410 6196
Email: singtel-beij@singtel.com

Guangzhou
Room 3615, 36F, BLK B, China Shine, 
No. 9 Lin He Xi Road, Tian He District
Guangzhou, 510610
People’s Republic of China
Tel: +86 20 3886 3887
Fax: +86 20 3882 5545

Shanghai
Unit 707, 7F, KIC Plaza, No. 333
Song Hu Road, Shanghai 200433
People’s Republic of China
Tel:  +86 21 3362 0388
Fax: +86 21 3362 0389
Email: singtel-sha@singtel.com

EUROPE

Frankfurt
Platz der Einheit 1
60327 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
Tel: +49 69 975 03 445
Fax: +49 69 975 03 200
Email: singtel-germany@singtel.com

London
Birchin Court
20 Birchin Lane
London EC3V 9DU
United Kingdom
Tel: +44 20 7122 8000
Fax: +44 20 7122 8088
Email: singtel-uk@singtel.com

HONG KONG 

Quarry Bay
21/F, 1063 King’s Road, 
Quarry Bay, Hong Kong  
Tel: +852 2877 1500
Fax: +852 2802 1500
Email: singtel-hk@singtel.com

INDIA

Bangalore
Suite No. 304 DBS Business Centre
26 Cunningham Road
Bangalore 560052, India
Tel: +91 80 2226 7272
Fax: +91 80 2225 0509
Email: singtel-ind@singtel.com

Chennai
20/30, Paras Plaza
3rd Floor, Cathedral Garden Road
Nungambakkam,
Chennai 600034, India
Tel: +91 44 4264 9410
Fax: +91 44 4264 9414
Email: singtel-ind@singtel.com

Singapore Telecommunications Limited  |  Annual Report 2019

264

O
V
E
R
V
I
E
W

B
U
S
I

N
E
S
S

R
E
V
I
E
W
S

G
O
V
E
R
N
A
N
C
E

A
N
D

S
U
S
T
A

I

N
A
B

I
L
I
T
Y

P
E
R
F
O
R
M
A
N
C
E

F
I

N
A
N
C

I

A
L
S

A
D
D

I
T
I

O
N
A
L

I

N
F
O
R
M
A
T
I

O
N

                                                           
 
 
 
 
KOREA

THAILAND

Seoul  
Room 3501, Trade Tower
511, Yeongdong-daero, Gangnam-gu 
Seoul 06164, Korea 
Tel: +82 2 3287 7500
Fax: +82 2 3287 7589
Email: singtel-kor@singtel.com

Bangkok 
9th Floor, Unit 6 
500 Amarin Tower  
Ploenchit Road, Lumpini Pathumwan
Bangkok 10330, Thailand 
Tel: +66 2 256 9875 / 6 
Fax: +66 2 256 9808 
Email: sophida@singtel.com

USA

San Francisco (Head Office)  
901 Marshall Street, 
Suite 125
Redwood City, CA 94063, USA
Tel: +1 650 508 6800
Fax: +1 650 508 1578
Email: singtel-usa@singtel.com

New York
115 Broadway Street
Suite 07-123
New York, NY 10006, USA
Email: singtel-usa@singtel.com

MALAYSIA

Kuala Lumpur
Unit TA-16-1, Level 16, Tower A
Plaza 33, No. 1 Jalan Kemajuan, 
Seksyen 13
46200 Petaling Jaya
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Tel: +603 7931 8798
Fax: +603 7931 9455
Email: sgomals@singtel.com

PHILIPPINES

Manila 
Unit 7F, The Curve Tower  
32nd St., cor. 3rd Avenue 
Bonifacio Global City, Taguig City 
Philippines 
Tel: +63 2 793 1400 
Email: singtel-phil@singtel.com

TAIWAN

Taipei
2F, No. 290, Section 4
Chung Hsiao East Road, Taipei
Taiwan, Republic of China
Tel: +886 2 2741 1688
Fax: +886 2 2778 6083
Email: singtel-twn@singtel.com

Contact Points 

Hyderabad
Reliance Business Centre
303 Swapna Lok Complex
92 Sarojini Devi Road
Secunderabad 500003, India
Tel: +91 40 2781 2699
Fax: +91 40 2781 2724
Email: singtel-ind@singtel.com

Mumbai  
301-303, 3rd Floor, Midas, 
Sahar Plaza Complex, 
Mathuradas Vasanji Road, 
Andheri East, 
Mumbai 400059, India
Tel: +91 22 4075 7777
Fax: +91 22 2824 4996
Email: singtel-ind@singtel.com

New Delhi 
13th Floor, B-WingFlat#1307, 
Statesman House
148, Barakhamba Road,
New Delhi 110001, India
Tel: +91 11 4362 1199
Fax: +91 11 4152 1683
Email: singtel-ind@singtel.com

JAPAN   

Tokyo
Meguro Central Square
8F, 3-1-1 Kamiosaki
Shinagawa-Ku
Tokyo 141-0021, Japan
Tel: +81 3 5795 1077
Fax: +81 3 5795 1088
Email: singtel-jpn@singtel.com

Osaka
3F Shin-Osaka Hankyu Building
1-1-1 Miyahara 
Yodogawa-ku
Osaka 532-0003, Japan
Tel: +81 6 7668 8417
Email: singtel-jpn@singtel.com

265

 
Annual Report 2019

Reimagining
Your Future

i

l

S
n
g
a
p
o
r
e
T
e
e
c
o
m
m
u
n
i
c
a
t
i
o
n
s
L
i
m

i
t
e
d

`

Singapore Telecommunications Limited 
(CRN:199201624D) 
31 Exeter Road, Comcentre 
Singapore 239732
T +65 6838 3388 
www.singtel.com

Copyright © 2019
Printed on environmentally friendly paper

A
n
n
u
a

l

R
e
p
o
r
t
2
0
1
9