Stada Arzneimittel AG
Annual Report 2016

Plain-text annual report

Annual Report 2016 Brands for People 02 STADA KEY FIGURES Key figures for the Group in € million 2016 Previous year ± % Group sales • Generics1) • Branded Products Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects • Generics 1) • Branded Products Operating profit • Operating segment result Generics1) • Operating segment result Branded Products Operating profit, adjusted 3) 4) • Operating segment result Generics 1), adjusted 3) 4) • Operating segment result Branded Products, adjusted 3) 4) EBITDA (Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) • EBITDA Generics1) • EBITDA Branded Products EBITDA (Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization), adjusted 3) 4) • EBITDA Generics 1), adjusted 3) 4) • EBITDA Branded Products, adjusted 3) 4) EBIT (Earnings before interest and taxes) EBIT (Earnings before interest and taxes), adjusted 3) 4) EBT (Earnings before taxes) EBT (Earnings before taxes), adjusted 3) 4) Net income Net income, adjusted 3) 4) Cash flow from operating activities Capital expenditure Depreciation and amortization (net of write-ups) 2,139.2 1,280.7 858.5 2,167.2 1,287.4 879.8 178.1 195.2 81.4 294.4 214.2 152.8 361.5 255.8 186.2 398.0 264.9 200.7 178.9 295.1 127.4 244.2 85.9 177.3 333.5 189.7 182.7 2,115.1 1,261.4 853.6 2,100.4 2) 1,253.2 2) 847.1 2) 223.7 177.7 130.0 283.8 182.7 173.2 377.1 233.2 211.8 389.4 232.0 220.1 225.3 285.3 157.8 220.9 110.4 165.8 311.7 177.0 151.8 Employees (average number calculated on the basis of full-time employees)5) 10,839 10,441 +1% +2% +1% +3% +3% +4% -20% +10% -37% +4% +17% -12% -4% +10% -12% +2% +14% -9% -21% +3% -19% +11% -22% +7% +7% +7% +20% +4% Employees (as of the balance sheet date calculated on the basis of full-time employees) 10,923 10,532 +4% Key share figures 2016 Previous year ± % Market capitalization (year-end) in € million Year-end closing price (XETRA®) in € Number of shares (year-end) Average number of shares (without treasury shares) Earnings per share in € Earnings per share in €, adjusted 3) 4) Diluted earnings per share in € Diluted earnings per share in €, adjusted 3) 4) 6) Dividend per share in € Total dividend payments in € million Distribution ratio as a percentage 3,066.3 49.19 2,327.9 37.34 62,342,440 62,342,440 62,256,532 61,637,621 +32% +32% – +1% -23% +6% – – +3% +3% 1.79 2.69 1.79 2.69 0.70 43.6 39% +32% 1.38 2.85 – – 0.727) 44.87) 52%7) 1) Figures for the reporting year and the previous year include the non-core activity “Commercial Business”, which was previously disclosed separately. 2) Sales of the previous year adjusted for currency and portfolio effects represent the comparable basis which is relevant for the key figure of the current reporting year. 3) The deduction of such effects which have an impact on the presentation of STADA’s earnings situation and the derived key figures aims at improving the comparability of key figures with previous years. To achieve this, STADA uses adjusted key figures, which, as so-called pro forma figures, are not governed by the accounting requirements in accordance with IFRS. As other companies may not calculate the pro forma figures presented by STADA in the same way, STADA’s pro forma figures are only comparable with similarly designated disclosures by other companies to a limited extent. 4) Within the context of this annual report, adjustments in connection with the key earnings figures generally relate to special items. 5) This average number includes changes in the scope of consolidation on a pro-rata basis. 6) Earnings per share will not be diluted in financial year 2016, because the share options from the STADA warrants in connection with the Conditional Capital Increase 2004/I expired on June 26, 2015. 7) Recommendation. STADA Key Figures 03 STADA AT A GLANCE STADA BUSINESS MODEL • Focus on products with off-patent active pharmaceutical ingredients in the health care and pharmaceutical market • Segments – Generics (59% share in adjusted Group sales) – Branded Products (41% share in adjusted Group sales) • Strategic success factors – Orientation on long-term growth markets – Comprehensive portfolio of generics including selected biosimilars – Attractive-margin branded product portfolio with increased internationalization of successful brands – Strong product development including well-filled pipeline – Global sales structure with further internationalization potential – A focused acquisition policy – A functional organizational structure with close-to-market sales companies – Continuous cost optimization and efficient cost management – Excellent and committed employees STADA FINANCIAL YEAR 2016 • Reported Group sales increase by 1% to € 2.14 billion – Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects increase by 3% to € 2.17 billion • Adjusted sales in the Generics segment increase by 3% to € 1,287.4 million • Adjusted sales in the Branded Products segment record growth of 4% to € 879.8 million – further expansion of the self-pay portfolio • Reported key earnings figures – Reported EBITDA records a decrease of 4% to € 361.5 million – Reported net income decreases by 22% to € 85.9 million • Adjusted key earnings figures – Adjusted EBITDA shows an increase of 2% to € 398.0 million – Adjusted net income grows by 7% to € 177.3 million • Strategic further development with numerous initiatives introduced to improve performance • Fundamental change to reporting structures carried out – management by operating segments • Successful product development with a total of 665 product launches • Selected value-enhancing acquisitions to strengthen the Branded Products and Generics segments • Significant growth in the STADA share price of 32% • Proposal to increase the dividend by 3% to € 0.72 per STADA share STADA OUTLOOK • Guidance for 2017 – Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects between € 2.280 billion and € 2.350 billion – Adjusted EBITDA between € 430 million and € 450 million – Adjusted net income between € 195 million and € 205 million – Ratio of net debt, excluding further acquisitions, to adjusted EBITDA at a level of nearly 3 • Strategic outlook for 2019 – Adjusted Group sales between € 2.650 billion and € 2.700 billion – Adjusted EBITDA between € 570 million and € 590 million – Adjusted net income between € 250 million and € 270 million STADA at a GlanceHedrin® – Taking the drama out of head lice. STADA ANNUAL REPORT 2016 05 STADA CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS General Information Notes to the Consolidated Income Statement Notes to the Consolidated Balance Sheet Other Disclosures FURTHER INFORMATION RESPONSIBILITY STATEMENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 105 106 107 108 109 110 112 112 138 147 174 195 196 197 REPORT OF THE SUPERVISORY BOARD 198 BOARDS OF THE COMPANY THE STADA SUPERVISORY BOARD THE STADA EXECUTIVE BOARD THE STADA ADVISORY BOARD GLOSSARY A–Z FINANCIAL CALENDAR PUBLISHING INFORMATION OVERVIEW OF SALES FIVE-YEAR CONSOLIDATED SUMMARY 206 206 207 208 209 211 212 214 215 LETTER TO SHAREHOLDERS FROM THE CHAIRMAN OF THE EXECUTIVE BOARD OVERVIEW OF THE FINANCIAL YEAR THE STADA SHARE GROUP MANAGEMENT REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE BOARD FUNDAMENTAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE GROUP Group’s Business Model Product Development Procurement, Production and Quality Management Sales and Marketing Employees Objectives and Strategies Internal Management System Responsibility and Sustainability REPORT ON ECONOMIC POSITION Macroeconomic and Sector-Specific Environment Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations Development of 2016 Compared to Outlook Development of Financial Performance Indicators and Non-Financial Performance Indicators Results of Operations Sales Development of the Group Earnings Development of the Group Sales Development of the Generics and Branded Products Segments Earnings Development of the Generics and Branded Products Segments Financial Position Net Assets General Statements of the Executive Board on the Course of Business in 2016 REPORT ON POST-BALANCE SHEET DATE EVENTS REPORT ON EXPECTED DEVELOPMENTS OPPORTUNITIES AND RISK REPORT TAKEOVER-RELEVANT INFORMATION REMUNERATION REPORT CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT INCLUDING THE CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DECLARATION FOR STADA ARZNEIMITTEL AG AND THE GROUP 06 08 11 15 16 16 19 21 23 24 26 28 30 32 32 34 34 35 36 36 38 43 46 47 51 55 56 57 62 73 75 88 STADA Annual Report 2016 | Table of Contents06 LETTER TO SHAREHOLDERS FROM THE CHAIRMAN OF THE EXECUTIVE BOARD Dear Shareholders, Ladies and Gentlemen, 2016 was, in many ways, a year of transformation for STADA. You, the company’s shareholders, elected a new Supervisory Board at what was, for all intents and purposes, a contentious Annual General Meeting. At the same time, you expressed confidence in the Executive Board’s ability to initiate a comprehensive strategic development of the company – the fundamental principles of which we were able to introduce to you at the Annual General Meeting. In an economic and political environment that remains challenging, we took significant steps forward in the second half of 2016 in terms of the implementation of our future program that we have named “STADA Plus”: • We have optimized the Group structure and since the third quarter of 2016 have been managing STADA under the two core segments Generics and Branded Products. • We have increased transparency with the new reporting standards and comprehensive internal and external bench- marking. We have taken steps to ensure that we have an improved overview, greater accountability and, as a result, successful management of the business. • We have begun to consistently rid our portfolio of projects and products that, according to cost-benefit analyses, do not make a sufficient contribution to operating profitability. This includes both changes to our sales structures in various markets as well as the disposal of those businesses or products that are no longer in line with our strategic focus. Although these measures had a negative impact on our net profit in 2016, they were nonetheless a necessary step toward consistent and sustainable performance improvement. • The focused internationalization of attractive branded products is another key measure that we introduced in 2016. We have now identified seven branded products that we intend to roll out internationally in the coming years. • We are taking a targeted approach to tapping into further growth markets. This includes intensifying our activities in the attractive market for nutritional supplements which we succeeded in moving forward with the announced acquisition of British branded product company Natures Aid in December 2016. In the Generics segment, we are pursuing a risk-averse biosimilar strategy with which we are laying the groundwork for the market launch of four biosimilars for 2019. • As part of our future program, we have streamlined our M&A strategy and applied a clear set of investment criteria. • And, last but not least, we have initiated a cultural transformation in the company with which we will demand entre- preneurship, knowledge sharing and an open dialogue while fostering performance and innovation in the company. In the past financial year, STADA thus laid the cornerstones for a sustainably successful future. The already ambitions medium-term goals for the year 2019 that we introduced in the summer of 2016 and for which we provided further details at our Capital Market Day in October were an expression of the tremendous potential that can be found within your company. STADA showed very sound development in this environment in the past financial year, even slightly exceeding all of the goals for the year. We were able to increase both adjusted Group sales and EBITDA by 3% to € 2.167 billion and by 2% to € 398.0 mil- lion respectively, adjusted net income increased by an even more impressive 7% to € 177.3 million. Both core segments, the business with generics and the business with branded products, contributed to the strong result. The business results show that we are on the right path with the further development of the corporate strategy and our future program “STADA Plus”. In this year of transformation, we proved our ability to perform in a difficult environment and have already been able to significantly improve our performance in key areas. STADA is moving forward – and taking giant steps on the path to a sustainably successful future. We would also like to make sure that you, dear shareholders, again participate to an appropriate degree in the good annual result. We therefore recommend that the Annual General Meeting on June 8, 2017 propose a three percent increase in the dividend to € 0.72 per share. This represents a distribution ratio of around 52% of reported net income, a continuation of a dividend policy that has remained constant for decades. Letter to Shareholders from the Chairman of the Executive Board07 I would like to take this opportunity to thank all of the customers and patients around the world who have put their trust in STADA’s products and brands. You motivate us to do our best every day. But the foundation that allows us to make this per- formance commitment are the employees of the STADA Group. The success of this company would not be possible without them. I thank you all for your tremendous commitment and for the contribution you make to the strong development of our business. My thanks also go out to our new and former members of the Supervisory Board for their helpful and constructive cooperation. STADA is on the right path, but we still have a long way to go. 2017 will be another year of transition for your company – but it will also be a year of enhanced growth. To achieve this, we have intensified the work we are doing on our future program “STADA Plus” and have defined further necessary measures to take advantage of additional potentials. We are concentrating on three key levers: • Further strengthening of the generics business: We are harmonizing the product and dosage portfolio and intensifying our sales efforts in selected European markets with substantial growth potential. • Further expansion of the branded products business: We are consistently aligning the organizational structure on the branded products area toward a central management of our internationalization projects. Today, we have already identified additional attractive branded products that to date have been mainly local champions and which we believe can achieve major international success. • Consistent cost management: We are optimizing our supply chain management as well as the procurement process and organization. In addition, we have introduced a number of long term improvement measures with the goal of reducing internal production costs. General and administrative expenses will also be reduced. Together with the measures we already introduced in the summer of 2016, we have now, in this second step of our future project, developed additional value enhancement potentials with which we want to achieve an even greater improvement in profitability in the medium term than originally planned. We are thus making STADA fit for the future – irrespective of the current structured bidding process that your company finds itself in. Although there will be one-time burdens in the current and in the coming financial year from restructuring expenses for the measures that have been outlined here, we are confident that we will also be able to deliver a further improved result in 2017. We in the Executive Board anticipate a figure of between € 2.280 billion and € 2.350 billion for Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects, an adjusted EBITDA of between € 430 million and € 450 million and an adjusted net income between € 195 million and € 205 million. From a medium-term perspective, the Executive Board is also determined to increase STADA’s profitability, expressed in terms of the adjusted EBITDA margin, to around 23%. Our future program “STADA Plus” is geared not only toward short and medium-term successes. The potential of our program reaches well beyond the achievement of our growth and profit goals for 2019. Together we are working on a long term and sustainably successful future for your company – on a new and even better STADA. The 125th anniversary of your company in 2020 is not only a symbolically decisive milestone for us. This welcome anniversary is a clear mission to define a viable vision for the future of STADA and to determinedly develop the company in this direction – for the benefit of customers, employees and shareholders. We hope that you will remain loyal as we continue on this path! On behalf of the Executive Board Dr. Matthias Wiedenfels Chairman of the Executive Board Letter to Shareholders from the Chairman of the Executive Board 08 OVERVIEW OF THE FINANCIAL YEAR Five-year comparison in € million 2016 2015 2014 2013 2012 Group sales Operating profit Operating profit, adjusted EBITDA1) EBITDA, adjusted EBIT2) EBIT, adjusted EBT3) EBT, adjusted Net income Net income, adjusted 2,139.2 2,115.1 2,062.2 2,003.9 1,837.5 178.1 294.4 361.5 398.0 178.9 295.1 127.4 244.2 85.9 177.3 223.7 283.8 377.1 389.4 225.3 285.3 157.8 220.9 110.4 165.8 188.5 320.7 418.8 431.9 190.3 322.4 124.7 253.3 64.6 186.2 248.3 303.1 382.6 414.3 252.4 307.1 189.3 240.7 121.4 160.6 202.1 266.2 323.7 367.4 205.9 270.0 135.6 200.5 86.5 147.9 Financial year 2016 characterized by significant changes The Group was able to drive forward significant changes in financial year 2016 in the context of the revised corporate strategy. Reported Group sales increased by 1% to € 2,139.2 million in the reporting year (previous year: € 2,115.1 million). When effects on sales resulting from changes in the Group portfolio and currency effects are deducted, adjusted Group sales increased by 3% to € 2,167.2 million (previous year: € 2,100.4 million). Overall, the earnings situation in 2016 was characterized by high special items, particularly through expenses in connection with restructuring decisions. The changes to the corporate structure and resulting changes to reporting structures in July 2016 with which the company is moving away from regional responsibilities and towards central management of the Generics and Branded Products segments, led to a series of structural measures, particularly in relation to personnel decisions, as well as the revaluation of portfolio activities. As a consequence, the development of the reported earnings situation differed from the development of the adjusted key earnings figures. Furthermore, the development of reported operating profit was signifi- cantly influenced by negative translation effects that were attributable to a weaker Russian ruble and the increasing weakness of the British pound sterling since the EU referendum. Reported EBITDA decreased by 4% to € 361.5 million (previous year: € 377.1 million). Reported net income increased by 22% to € 85.9 million (previous year: € 110.4 million). After adjusting the key earnings figures for influences distorting the year- on-year comparison resulting from special items, adjusted EBITDA increased by 2% to € 398.0 million (previous year: € 389.4 mil- lion). Adjusted net income grew by 7% to € 177.3 million (previous year: € 165.8 million). The reported tax rate improved in financial year 2016 to 25.1% (previous year: 25.8%) The adjusted tax rate of 23.9% in the same period was above the level of the previous year (previous year: 22.0%). Positive development of the financial situation The financial situation of the STADA Group recorded positive development in the reporting year. As of December 31, 2016, the equity-to-assets ratio was 30.4% (December 31, 2015: 31.0%) and was satisfactory in the opinion of the Executive Board. Net debt was reduced to € 1,118.2 million as of the reporting date (December 31, 2015: € 1,215.7 million). The net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio improved to 2.8 in financial year 2016 (previous year: 3.1). 1) Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. 2) Earnings before interest and taxes. 3) Earnings before taxes. Overview of the Financial Year09 The long-term refinancing of the Group as of December 31, 2016 was provided for by a five-year bond that was placed in the second quarter of 2013 in the amount of € 350.0 million with an interest rate of 2.25% p.a. as well as a seven-year corporate bond placed in the first quarter of 2015 in the amount of € 300.0 million with an interest rate of 1.75% p.a. Furthermore, as of December 31, 2016, there were promissory note loans with maturities in the area of the beginning of 2017 until 2023 with a total nominal value in the amount of € 709.0 million. In order to ensure a balanced financing structure, promissory note loans are staggered in terms of their volume and duration. Cash flow from operating activities improved to € 333.5 million in the reporting year (previous year: € 311.7 million). Free cash flow increased to € 160.9 million (previous year: € 133.5 million). Free cash flow adjusted for payments for significant investments or acquisitions and proceeds from significant disposals increased to € 243.0 million (previous year: € 212.4 million). Changes in the Executive Board and Supervisory Board On August 15, 2016, the long-standing Chairman of the Executive Board Hartmut Retzlaff resigned from his office as member of the Executive Board with immediate effect. The employment relationship between him and STADA Arzneimittel AG was ended with effect from December 31, 2016 by mutual agreement due to personal circumstances.1) The STADA Supervisory Board had already decided on a change at the company’s helm at an extraordinary meeting held on June 5, 2016, due to the serious and likely long-term illness of Mr. Retzlaff.2) As a result, Dr. Matthias Wiedenfels was appointed as Chairman of the Executive Board. In addition, the process of reshaping the Supervisory Board ahead of schedule was completed in the reporting year.3) Dr. Martin Abend, Dr. Eckhard Brüggemann, Dr. K. F. Arnold Hertzsch, Dieter Koch and Constantin Meyer were succeeded by Dr. Eric Cornut, Rolf Hoffmann, Dr. Birgit Kudlek, Tina Müller and Dr. Gunnar Riemann as new shareholder representatives on the Supervisory Board. Following the Annual General Meeting, the Supervisory Board elected Carl Ferdinand Oetker as its Chairman and Jens Steegers as Vice-Chairman. Revised corporate strategy to improve performance for the fundamental changing of the reporting structure In the reporting year, the Executive Board agreed a revised corporate strategy and introduced numerous initiatives to improve the performance of the Group and to increase the enterprise value in the long-term. As part of the program, untapped sales potential will be leveraged, marketing expenses will be optimized, sales efficiency will be enhanced and cost of sales will be reduced. The initiatives will also contribute towards meeting the goals for 2019, set in 2016. In order to accommodate the growth strategy including central management of the segments, an increased internationalization of the branded product portfolio and stricter cost controls, the Executive Board agreed a fundamental change to reporting structures in financial year 2016. STADA had previously reported according to operating segment and market region. In accor- dance with the changed reporting structure, the Group is now managed by the two segments Generics and Branded Products. In the course of the change, the non-core activity Commercial Business was integrated into the Generics segment. As a result the figures reported for the Generics segment for financial year 2016, as well as those for the previous year, include the non-core activity Commercial Business, which was previously disclosed separately. In the course of the strategic development, the organizational and sales structures are to be examined. The German business activities, for example, are to be bundled and made more competitive to improve perception on the market and achieve sales and cost advantages. In this context, STADA GmbH and STADAvita as well as STADApharm and cell pharm are to be merged. At the beginning of the fourth quarter of 2016, the executive management of STADA GmbH and STADAvita as well as STADApharm and cell pharm started negotiations with the Works Council on the details for a merger as well as negotiations on a balancing of interests and a social compensation plan. Strong product development with a well-filled pipeline The STADA Group has strong product development and a well-filled pipeline. With the further expansion of the product portfolio and the launch of 665 individual products worldwide in the reporting year (previous year: 578 product launches), STADA once again proved the success of its development and approval activities. 1) See the Company’s ad hoc release of August 15, 2016. 2) See the Company’s ad hoc release of June 5, 2016. 3) See the Company’s press release of August 27, 2016. Overview of the Financial Year10 In addition, the Group also made further progress in the area of biosimilars. In 2016, STADA was able to sign a contract with mAbxience for the in-licensing of the monoclonal antibody Bevacizumab. STADA and its cooperation partner also received a so-called “positive opinion” from the responsible European approval authority EMA for teriparatide at the end of 2016, before approval was granted by the EU commission in the current financial year 2017. In light of the well-filled product pipeline, the Executive Board expects to be able to continuously introduce new products to the market in future. The focus here remains on generics in the EU. In the area of biosimilars, STADA will continue to pursue its in-licensing strategy in order to further supplement its portfolio with seleted biosimilars. Continuation of STADA’s focused acquisition policy In financial year 2016, the Group continued its focused acquisition policy of targeting organic growth through selected external acquisitions. The focus remains on both the regional expansion of business activities as well as on the expansion and inter- nationalization of branded products in particular. In order to strengthen the Generics segment, STADA and the STADA subsidiary BEPHA Beteiligungsgesellschaft für Pharmawerte mbH signed a contract for the purchase of the Argentinean generics producer Laboratorio Vannier in the fourth quarter of 20151), with the purchase completed in the first quarter of 2016. In addition, in the third quarter of 2016, the Serbian STADA subsidiary Hemofarm A.D. acquired a local product portfolio primarily focusing on medication for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders, to strengthen their position in the area of consumer health. Furthermore, STADA UK Holdings Ltd. also took over British branded products company Natures Aid Limited, a well-known manufacturer of vitamins, minerals, food supplements and herbal products, in the fourth quarter of 2016.2) Proposal to increase the dividend Despite the decrease in reported net income, in light of STADA’s dividend policy, which has been consistent for decades, the Executive Board is recommending to the Supervisory Board that a dividend in the amount of € 0.72 per STADA share is proposed for financial year 2016 at the next Annual General Meeting on June 8, 2017 (previous year: € 0.70).3) This would represent a dividend increase of 3% compared with the previous year, a total dividend payment of € 44.8 million (previous year: € 43.6 mil- lion) and a distribution ratio of around 52% of the reported net income. Guidance/Strategic outlook In general, the Group’s future sales and earnings development will be characterized by both growth-stimulating and challenging conditions. In light of the changed corporate structure and repositioned corporate culture, the implementation of the numerous initiatives as part of the revised corporate strategy and the strategic success factors, the positive prospects are however expected to prevail. For financial year 2017, the Executive Board expects further growth. Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects are to be between € 2.280 billion and € 2.350 billion, adjusted EBITDA between € 430 million and € 450 million and adjusted net income between € 195 million and € 205 million. The Executive Board anticipates the ratio of net debt, excluding further acquisitions, to adjusted EBITDA to be at a level of nearly 3. Detailed information on the guidance is included in the Group Management Report of this Annual Report in the chapter “Report on Expected Developments”. In the reporting year, the Executive Board approved medium-term growth targets.4) In the current first quarter of 2017, the Executive Board increased the strategic outlook for 2019.5) In accordance with this outlook, adjusted Group sales of between € 2.650 billion and € 2.700 billion are to be achieved in financial year 2019 (previously around € 2.6 billion). In terms of adjusted EBITDA, the Executive Board expects a range between € 570 million and € 590 million (previously around € 510 million). Adjusted net income is to increase to between € 250 million and € 270 million (previously around € 250 million). The adjusted EBITDA margin is to be nearly 22%. Cash flow from operating activities is to improve to between € 560 million and € 580 million. 1) See the Company’s press release of December 10, 2015. 2) See the Company’s investor news of November 21, 2016. 3) See the Company’s investor news of March 1, 2017. 4) See the Company’s ad hoc release of July 11, 2016. 5) See the Company’s ad hoc release of March 17, 2017. Overview of the Financial YearTHE STADA SHARE STADA share codes STADA share codes Identification numbers Ticker symbols Capital structure 11 ISIN: DE0007251803, WKN: 725180 Reuters: STAGn.DE, Bloomberg: SAZ:GR As of December 31, 2016, the subscribed share capital of STADA Arzneimittel AG amounted to € 162,090,344.00 (December 31, 2015: € 162,090,344.00) consisting of 62,342,440 registered shares (December 31, 2015: 62,342,440 registered shares1) with restricted transferability), each with an arithmetical share in share capital of € 2.60. Capital structure of STADA Arzneimittel AG Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Issued shares 62,342,440 62,342,440 Significant increase in the STADA share price In 2016, the STADA share price recorded very pleasing development with an increase of 32%. Although the share price closed 2015 at € 37.34, it amounted to € 49.19 at the end of 2016. The relevant national comparative indices for STADA showed differing share price development during the course of 2016. Whilst the German benchmark index DAX® 2) and the MDAX® 3) (that the STADA share belongs to) increased by 7%4) compared with the previous year, the price of the Bloomberg Pharmaceutical Index5) fell by 12%. At the end of 2016, the market capitalization of STADA amounted to € 3.066 billion. At the end of 2015, it was € 2.328 billion. Based on Deutsche Börse AG’s index system, which only considers free float, STADA, in terms of market capitalization, took place 20 in the MDAX® in 2016. In the previous year STADA had occupied position 21. The average daily volume of the STADA share in terms of the trading volume at the XETRA® trading and the Frankfurt Stock Exchange amounted to a total of € 13.0 million in 2016. In 2015, the average trading volume per day of the STADA share was € 11.6 million. Based on Deutsche Börse AG’s index system, STADA occupied place 18 in terms of trading volume in 2016. STADA had been at place 21 in this category in the previous year. 1) On August 26, 2016, the STADA Annual General Meeting resolved to eliminate restrictions on the transferability of registered shares by means of a change to the Articles of Incorpo- ration. The change to the Articles of Incorporation was registered in the commercial register and thereby became effective on December 9, 2016. 2) DAX® is the index of Deutsche Börse AG, largely consisting of the 30 biggest companies by market capitalization and order book volume. 3) MDAX® is the index of Deutsche Börse AG for midcap companies, largely consisting of the 50 next-biggest companies by market capitalization and order book volume below the DAX®, thus also including the STADA share. 4) Both developments relate to their XETRA® closing prices. XETRA® is the electronic trading system of Deutsche Börse AG. 5) The Bloomberg Pharmaceutical Index is a market capitalization-weighted index of all companies involved in the pharmaceutical sector of the Bloomberg Europe 500 Index. STADA is currently not part of the index. The STADA Share12 STADA key share data Number of shares (year-end) Number of treasury shares (year-end) Average number of shares (without treasury shares) Year-end closing price (XETRA®) in € High (XETRA® closing price) in € Low (XETRA® closing price) in € 2016 2015 62,342,440 62,342,440 85,043 87,259 62,256,532 61,637,621 49.19 50.42 28.67 37.34 37.42 25.10 Market capitalization (XETRA®) in € million (year-end) 3,066.3 2,327.9 Earnings per share in € Earnings per share in €, adjusted Diluted earnings per share in € Adjusted diluted earnings per share in € Dividend per share in € 1.38 2.85 – – 0.721) 1.79 2.69 1.79 2.69 0.70 100% free float with broadly based shareholder structure As of December 31, 2016, approx. 34,000 shareholders held share capital of STADA Arzneimittel AG. Based on results of regu- larly carried out analyses of the Company’s shareholder structure, STADA assumes that approx. 67% of STADA’s shares are held by institutional investors. The geographical distribution is as follows: Germany 48%, North America 22%, Europe (excluding the United Kingdom and Germany) 18%, United Kingdom 9%, Unknown/Shareholders below threshold 3% and Rest of World 2%. Geographical shareholder structure (institutional investors)2) Unknown/Shareholdings below threshold 3% — — Rest of World 2% United Kingdom 9% — Europe (excl. UK, Germany) 18% — Dec. 31, 2016 — Germany 48% North America 22% — As of December 31, 2016, STADA held 85,043 treasury shares, compared to 87,259 shares which were held by the Company on the reporting date of the previous year. As part of an employee share ownership program, STADA sold 2,216 of its own shares in the reporting year at an average price of € 36.31. In financial year 2016, the Group published all 27 of the received voting rights notices according to Section 26 of the German Securities Trading Act (WpHG). The voting rights notices received by STADA can be viewed on the website at www.stada.de or www.stada.com. 1) Recommendation. 2) Source: Orient Capital Pty Ltd. The STADA Share13 Directors’ Dealings In financial year 2016 according to information available to the Company, STADA reported a total of five Directors’ Dealings in the form of two sales and three purchases. On June 24, 2016, Luis Paul Retzlaff and Eliza Marie Retzlaff, son and daughter of the then exempted from duty Chairman of the Executive Board Hartmut Retzlaff, each sold 3,000 STADA shares at a price of € 44.207 per STADA share, amounting to a total of € 265,242. In addition, Dr. Kudlek, Member of the Supervisory Board of STADA Arzneimittel AG, purchased STADA shares at € 50.105 per share and a total value of € 10,021, on September 29, 2016 and on November 10, 2016 at a price of € 42.65 per share and a total value of € 8,103.50 and on November 11, 2016 at a price of € 42.274468 per share with a total value of € 9,934.50. Key results of the Annual General Meeting On August 26, 2016, the Annual General Meeting formally approved the activities of the Executive Board and Supervisory Board. During their votes, shareholders followed most of the proposals made by the company’s management.1) As part of the share- holders’ decisions, the dividend for financial year 2015 was raised by 6% to € 0.70 per share and the elimination of restrictions on the transferability of registered shares was approved by means of a change to the Articles of Incorporation.2) In addition, the process of reshaping the Supervisory Board ahead of schedule was completed. Dr. Martin Abend, Dr. Eckhard Brüggemann, Dr. K. F. Arnold Hertzsch, Dieter Koch and Constantin Meyer were succeeded by Dr. Eric Cornut, Rolf Hoffmann, Dr. Birgit Kudlek, Tina Müller and Dr. Gunnar Riemann as new shareholder representatives on the Supervisory Board. Following the Annual General Meeting, the Supervisory Board elected Carl Ferdinand Oetker as its Chairman and Jens Steegers as Vice-Chairman. 1) See the Company’s press release of August 27, 2016. 2) The change to the Articles of Incorporation was registered in the commercial register and became effective on December 9, 2016. The STADA Share Ladival® – Be even safer in the sun. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Table of Contents 15 GROUP MANAGEMENT REPORT OF THE EXECUTIVE BOARD 2016 REPORT ON POST-BALANCE SHEET DATE EVENTS REPORT ON EXPECTED DEVELOPMENTS OPPORTUNITIES AND RISK REPORT TAKEOVER-RELEVANT INFORMATION REMUNERATION REPORT CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT INCLUDING THE CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DECLARATION FOR STADA ARZNEIMITTEL AG AND THE GROUP 56 57 62 73 75 88 FUNDAMENTAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE GROUP Group’s Business Model Product Development Procurement, Production and Quality Management Sales and Marketing Employees Objectives and Strategies Internal Management System Responsibility and Sustainability REPORT ON ECONOMIC POSITION Macroeconomic and Sector-Specific Environment Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations Development of 2016 Compared to Outlook Development of Financial Performance Indicators and Non-Financial Performance Indicators Results of Operations Sales Development of the Group Earnings Development of the Group Sales Development of the Generics and Branded Products Segments Earnings Development of the Generics and Branded Products Segments Financial Position Net Assets General Statements of the Executive Board on the Course of Business in 2016 16 16 19 21 23 24 26 28 30 32 32 34 34 35 36 36 38 43 46 47 51 55 16 FUNDAMENTAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE GROUP Group’s Business Model Focus on the health care growth market with emphasis on the pharmaceutical market STADA is an internationally active health care company organized as a stock corporation. The business model of STADA focuses on the health care market and particularly the pharmaceutical market and is oriented towards one of the global growth industries as a result. In the context of general growth drivers such as the global population increase, an aging society in industrialized nations and further medical progress, numerous health care and pharmaceutical markets will continue to offer high growth oppportunities, which are relatively independent from the market in future. With regard to costs and risks, STADA deliberately does not conduct any in-house research on, or marketing of, new active pharmaceutical ingredients, but rather focuses on the development and marketing of products with active ingredients free from commercial property rights, particu- larly patents. Share of Generics and Branded Products segments in STADA Group sales — Generics 59.9%1) — Generics 59.7%1) 2016 2015 — Branded Products 40.1% — Branded Products 40.3% As part of the implementation of the revised corporate strategy, in financial year 2016 the Executive Board also agreed a change to the corporate structure, creating clear areas of responsibility and greater transparency. In order to accommodate the growth strategy including central management of the segments, an increased internationalization of the branded product portfolio and stricter cost controls, management by business segments as well as a fundamental change to reporting structures were agreed. The Group is now managed by the two segments Generics and Branded Products. STADA had previously reported according to operating segment and market region. In the reporting year, Generics contributed around 60% and Branded Products around 40% to Group sales. In light of the fact that Branded Products are subject to less regulatory intervention and are characterized by more attractive margins than Generics, STADA intends to reverse these shares in future. However, Generics will also continue to see growth opportunities in the pharmaceutical market. They represent a lower cost alternative to the often significantly more expensive original products and consequently contribute to counteracting the sig- nificant price pressure in individual health care markets. Furthermore, additional growth potentials result from the continuous expiration of patents and other commercial property rights. Within Generics, biosimilars have further growth opportunities as they can make a significant contribution towards cost reduction as a result of the cost intensity of biopharmaceuticals. As part of the implementation of the revised corporate strategy, the Group will continue to expand in the Generics segment in markets with relatively low penetration rates and to supplement the portfolio with selected biosimilars. STADA will in-license certain biosimilars from highly specialized suppliers, as this is a lower-risk and lower-cost path (see “Product Development”). 1) The figures in the reporting year and in the previous year include the non-core activity Commercial Business, which was previously reported separately. Group Management Report of the Executive Board17 Within Branded Products, which for STADA primarily comprises non-prescription products (OTC), prescription products (RX) and discretionary prescription products (OTX), the Group is accelerating not only the expansion of the portfolio, but also the increasing internationalization of successful brands. Overall, STADA relies on the advantages of a centralized portfolio manage- ment structure. Whereas generics sales focus on low pricing, branded product marketing focuses on specific product characteristics and, in particular, the brand name. Apart from the sales positioning, the two segments differ from one another in other areas such as the demand structure, growth and margin expectations as well as the requirements of portfolio expansion and development strategies. In the Generics segment, the requirements of the product portfolio are strongly oriented towards the regulatory structure in the individual markets in which generics are sold. The product portfolio generally includes numerous dosage forms and dosages for most relevant active pharmaceutical ingredients. The top five generics active ingredients in terms of sales in financial year 2016 were Tilidin Naloxon, Atorvastatin, Pantoprazol, Epoetin zeta and Diclofenac. The eight largest markets in this segment in terms of sales were Germany, Italy, Spain, Russia, Belgium, France, Vietnam and Serbia. Top 5 Generics active ingredients Active ingredient Indication group Tilidin Naloxon Pain Atorvastatin Pantoprazol Epoetin zeta Diclofenac Total Elevated cholesterol level Gastric ulcer/reflux Anemia Pain/inflamation The eight largest markets in the Generics segment in terms of sales in € 000s Germany Italy Spain Russia Belgium France Vietnam Serbia Total Sales 2016 in € million Change from previous year 43.6 24.4 22.4 22.4 20.6 +36% +1% +3% +11% 0% 133.4 +12% Sales 2016 in € million Change from previous year 308.0 157.7 105.4 92.5 90.7 81.9 69.1 55.8 961.1 0% +6% -1% +11% -5% +2% +9% -24% 0% Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Fundamental Information about the Group 18 In the Branded Products segment, the Group pursues the concept of the so-called “strong brands”, relying on high brand awareness. In general, STADA covers all key indications in this area. In the reporting year, the top five branded products were APO-Go®, Grippostad®, Snup®, Fultium®, and Vitaprost®. The five largest markets in this segment in terms of sales were Germany, the United Kingdom, Russia, Italy and Vietnam. Top 5 branded products Branded product Indication group APO-Go® Grippostad® Snup® Fultium® Vitaprost® Total Parkinson’s Cold Rhinitis Vitamin D deficiency Prostate disease The five largest markets in the Branded Products segment in terms of sales in € 000s Germany United Kingdom Russia Italy Vietnam Total Sales 2016 in € million Change from previous year 66.6 43.7 24.2 22.6 20.0 177.1 +6% +4% -19% +10% -8% 0% Sales 2016 in € million Change from previous year 177.4 175.4 150.1 43.9 36.7 583.5 +38% +4% -29% +9% +19% +1% STADA is not equally represented with Generics and Branded Products in all countries in which it does business. Depending on the sales focus, the Group is more active in regulated markets or in self-pay markets. The key customer groups in the Group include patients and consumers, doctors, pharmacies and pharmacy chains, hospitals, mail-order companies, buying groups, wholesales and other service providers in the health care market as well as cost bearers in the form of public or private health insurance organizations. The sales focus is on different target groups, depending on the individual market. Operative positioning In the course of the implementation of the revised corporate strategy, a change to the corporate structure including the afore- mentioned new reporting structure was carried out in 2016. In accordance with the changed operative alignment, in addition to the areas of product development, procurement, purchasing, production, quality management, finance, risk management, compliance and corporate governance, sales and earnings responsibility in the individual countries as well as the correspond- ing product portfolio are now subject to central management. With the fundamental reorganization, the Group aims to optimally meet the requirements of the growth strategy. Group Management Report of the Executive Board 19 Product Development Strategic and organizational orientation of development activities In view of the business model and strategic positioning, the STADA Group deliberately does not conduct any in-house research for active pharmaceutical ingredients, but rather focuses on the development of products with active ingredients – generally pharmaceutical active ingredients – that are no longer subject to any commercial property rights, particularly patents. One focus of the Group-wide development activities is the development of Generics. In the area of innovative branded products, particularly non-prescription drugs, such as nutritional supplements, STADA is continuously expanding its development activities as a result of the increasing importance of this segment in the Group. In addition, within the branded products area, STADA is targeting the increasing internationalization of successful brands. Additional growth opportunities existing in niche markets and unregulated markets are to be taken advantage of through the introduction of innovative products. In financial year 2016, STADA began a detailed analysis of its Generics portfolio. The objective is to reduce the complexity of the existing portfolio, which is currently made up of around 18,000 product presentations, in order to reduce manufacturing and marketing expenses. Marketing expenditure is also to be more strongly focused on profitable products. Market readiness is at the center of development activities for new products. In the case of pharmaceuticals this usually involves obtaining national approval from the responsible approval authorities in the context of differentiated, largely supranational approval processes. In the majority of cases, STADA Arzneimittel AG, as the central development unit, prefers supranational – in particular EU-wide – approval processes in order to achieve numerous national approvals of a product in different countries nearly simultaneously. Approval procedures outside of the EU are carried out, if possible, on the basis of the EU dossier of the individual products that are based on a standardized formulation. The international orientation of the development activities also allows economy of scale effects to be achieved as a result of optimized batch sizes. In the course of the long-term oriented Group-wide development activities, the Group is already working on the development of generic products with potential launch dates beyond 2025. STADA generally pursues a “time and cheap to market” strategy with the objective of launching new products not only at the earliest point in time, but also at the best possible cost of sales. For the management of Group-wide development projects, STADA has central project management with interface management which ensures the transparent management of product development in the Group. Group-owned development centers for internationally oriented projects are located in Bad Vilbel, Germany, and Vrsac, Serbia. In order to optimally manage development resources and close technological gaps, STADA also cooperates with external third-party developers from Europe and Asia. In addition to in-house and third-party development, the Group generally takes advantage of a global network of external development partners, through which dossiers or approvals are acquired. Development and approval strength The high number of annual product launches shows the development and approval strength of STADA. With the introduction of 665 individual products worldwide (previous year: 578) the Group was able to prove this strength once again in 2016. The great importance of successful product development can be seen from the 4% share in sales (previous year: 5%) generated with products the Group intro- duced in the last two years1) 2). 5-year development: Number of product launches 7 1 7 6 0 7 5 6 6 6 2 6 8 7 5 STADA has a well-filled product pipeline. This is also shown by the high number of ongoing approval procedures as of December 31, 2016 totaling over 1,400 for more than 160 active pharmaceutical ingredients and active ingredient 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 1) Reporting year and previous year. 2) Without products and sales from acquisitions. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Product Development20 combinations for over 55 countries. This applies in particular to Generics in the EU. In addition, the Group conducts approval activities also in markets outside of the EU where it has its own subsidiaries or is active in the export business. STADA is also active in the area of biosimilars. The Group currently has two biosimilars on the market: SILAPO®, an epoetin biosimilar, and Grastofil®, a filgrastim product. In addition, STADA has also in-licensed five further biosimilars – pegfilgrastim, rituximab, teriparatide, adalimumab and bevacicumab – the latter in the reporting year. STADA and its cooperation partner also received a so-called “positive opinion” from the responsible European approval authority EMA for teriparatide at the end of 2016, before approval was granted by the EU commission in the current financial year 2017. A significant delay is expected in the approval for pegfilgrastim, as the European approval authority EMA had a different interpretation of one aspect of the results from clinical data and has requested further clinical data. In light of the fact that this was no longer possible in the previously ongoing approval procedure, the license partner Gedeon Richter and STADA agreed in November 2016 to withdraw the approval application for pegfilgrastim. Following successful completion of the data collected, Gedeon Richter and STADA will resubmit the approval application. Expenses for research and development costs The research and development costs amounted to € 65.1 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: € 65.0 million) (see “Eco- nomic Report – Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Results of Operations – Earnings Development of the Group”). Since STADA is not active in research for new active pharmaceutical ingredients due to its business model, it is only a matter of development costs. In addition, the Group capitalized development costs for new products in the amount of € 28.4 million in the reporting year (previous year: € 26.1 million) This corresponds to a capitalization rate of 30.4% (previous year: 28.6%). Amortization of capitalized development costs in 2016 amounted to approx. € 8 million (previous year: approx. € 8 million). Group Management Report of the Executive Board 21 Procurement, Production and Quality Management Centralized needs planning as well as high flexibility and continuous cost optimization within the supply chain and pharmaceutical production Overall, there are three so-called supply chain hubs in the Group at the locations in Bad Vilbel, Germany, Vrsac, Serbia, and Moscow, Russia. These are managed through STADA Arzneimittel AG and are where the centralized needs planning is carried out for selected top products in the Group. The Group principally has a high level of flexibility and pays attention to continous cost optimization in the supply chain and pharmaceutical production. As a result of the comprehensive product portfolio of more than 800 active pharmaceutical ingredients and approximately 18,000 product packagings sold by the Group, each different in terms of its active ingredients and/or quantity of the active ingredients and/or dosage forms and/or package sizes, STADA makes use of an international network of internal and external resources for the supply chain and pharmaceutical production. As a result, the Group generally does not produce any raw and auxiliary materials necessary for pharmaceutical production itself, but instead sources them primarily from low-cost suppliers from low-cost countries, particularly in Asia. In financial year 2016, STADA had procurement offices in Shanghai, China, and in Mumbai, India. Where STADA has products produced in the context of contract manufacturing, the company is dependent not only on the global development of the purchase prices for the necessary raw and auxiliary materials, but also on the supply prices to be negotiated with the contract manufacturers. The Group involves suppliers in the risk of margin losses due to falling selling prices as much as possible. This occurs, for example, by using price escalation clauses in which procurement prices are linked to selling prices, subsequent negotiations or the agreement of special procurement prices for special sales volumes, such as volumes that are put out to tender by public health insurance organizations in the context of discount agreements. In terms of the production processes, in financial year 2016 the Group continued to concentrate on its own locations, in line with the policy started several years ago. As a result of the gradual assumption of production volumes from contract manu- facturing and the shift of production volumes within Group-owned production facilities, around 75% of the Group-wide production volume is now manufactured in low-cost countries. Overall, as part of the concentration process and the flexible “make or buy” approach, the Group benefits from both structural cost advantages resulting from the use of locations in low-cost countries, and the higher capacity utilization and associated decline in unit prices. In the reporting year, the STADA Group had 16 production locations, of which those in Germany, the United Kingdom, Russia and Serbia were the most important. Adequate annual investments are made to ensure that all Group-owned production facilities and test laboratories are maintained at the level required by legal stipulations and technical production considerations. In the reporting year, investments in the expansion and renewal of production facilities and plants as well as test laboratories amounted to € 22.6 million (previous year: € 32.2 million). Highest quality and safety standards As an international health care company, STADA always has high requirements for the quality and safety of its products. These requirements apply to the quality of raw materials, products, services and working conditions. The Group-wide control management is carried out centrally through STADA Arzneimittel AG. In the context of regular and comprehensive audits, the Group-wide quality management reviews the quality standards set by the Group, some of which far exceed the legal requirements, not only at its own production sites, but also in the facilities of suppliers and contract manufacturers. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Procurement, Production and Quality Management22 The responsible national regulatory authorities also carry out regular external inspections. Within the EU, these inspections take place every two to three years. In addition to inspection by national authorities outside the EU, STADA also orders EU Good Manufacturing Practice Compliance inspections (EU GMP compliance inspections) in order to receive three-year extensions of the required EU import authorizations. In this context, the authorities responsible for the Group review whether the inspected production facilities meet the EU GMP standards. Since the Group also aims to guarantee EU quality standards for drugs in countries outside of the EU, standards that often go beyond local requirements, the Group-owned production facilities not located in the EU in Banja Luka, Nizhny Novgorod, Obninsk, Podgorica, Sabac, Tuy Hoa and Vrsac are set up for the production of certain pharmaceutical dosage forms for EU countries, meaning they are authorized by the responsible EU regulatory authorities for delivery to the EU according to the previously mentioned inspections. In addition to legal provisions, STADA holds international certifications in accordance with external quality management systems. Accordingly, at numerous production sites, the Group not only focuses on GMP standards but also on the relevant ISO standards. Group Management Report of the Executive Board 23 Sales and Marketing Functionally organized Group with local and close to market sales companies The STADA Group has an international sales structure made up of nationally focused sales companies. In accordance with the operative alignment, the subsidiaries, which are active in sales, are centrally organized but still have a high degree of market proximity and therefore extraordinary sales strength. Globally, the Group markets its products in around 125 countries including the export business, of which around 30 countries have their own sales companies. The sales activities are generally coordinated at an international level in the Group. This includes, for example, the structuring of the portfolio in line with the further internationalization of individual products or certain sales activities such as wholesaling cooperations. As part of its focused acquisition policy, the Group will continue to expand the existing sales network. Alongside the use of growth potentials, the expansion is also designed to reduce the share of sales activities in the countries which, for example, represent difficult regulatory conditions for generics, in order to reduce the dependency on state regulated and therefore price regulated health care systems. More information on the development of Group’s sales activities in the individual markets carried out in the reporting year is provided under “Economic Report – Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Results of Operations – Sales Development of the Generics and Branded Products Segments”. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Sales and Marketing 24 Employees Long-term personnel policy Through their extensive expertise and strong commitment, STADA´s employees make a substantial contribution to the lasting success of the Group. For this reason, STADA pursues a personnel policy focused on the long-term and geared toward the sustainable development of all employees. “Training and development”, “knowledge management”, “succession planning for management” and “employee dialog” are all topics that play an important role in this regard. In terms of training, the company offers measures such as language skills support, specialist workshops, seminars and extra- occupational study programs. In addition, the Group offers targeted development and support programs designed for different professional phases and individual career path planning. Examples of this include exchange programs between German and foreign subsidiaries, as well as management programs. All personal development measures aim to continuously provide the skills needed both now and in the future, and to fill management and expert positions from within STADA’s own ranks as much as possible. Employee participation and employee dialog Employee participation is also an important part of personnel policy at STADA. In order to allow employees to participate to an even greater extent in the company’s success, incentives are offered for the purchase of STADA shares in Germany. This invest- ment strengthens employee loyalty which in turn promotes identification with STADA and increases the sense of responsibility to the company and its success. In order to increase STADA’s competitiveness, great importance is attached to employees’ creative potential and imagination. STADA recognizes active and systematic participation in the form of an idea management system. Every employee is encouraged to submit their ideas and suggestions using a company suggestion scheme in order to enable this ongoing improvement process. Another measure is institutionalized employee dialog, which includes direct communication between the workforce and management bodies and exchanges among employees. Furthermore, as part of the implementation of the revised strategy and the corresponding development of the corporate culture, there are further activities that aim to promote communication and cooperation within the Group and to strengthen team spirit further. Influence of personnel management STADA’s personnel management is decentralized so that the varying needs of employees in the countries the Group operates can be met. In line with company guidelines – particularly compliance guidelines – international subsidiaries are largely independent in many areas of personnel management including recruitment, training and remuneration. Development of the number of employees In the reporting year, the number of employees grew both in terms of the average number and the number at the reporting date. In 2016, the average number of employees increased to 10,839 (previous year: 10,441). As of the December 31, 2016 reporting date, the number of employees increased to 10,923 (December 31, 2015: 10,532). The increase in the number of employees was primarily attributable to the acquisitions of the British BSMW Limited, Argentinean Laboratorio Vannier S.A. and British Natures Aid Limited as well as a local product portfolio of the Serbian IVANCIC I SINOVI DOO with a total of 218 employees. Group Management Report of the Executive Board25 The regional breakdown of the employees Group-wide shows that in financial year 2016 an average of 1,164 employees were under contract in Germany (previous year: 1,207 employees). The average number of employees located at Group headquarters in Bad Vilbel, Germany amounted to 908 (previous year: 938). The average number of employees at international Group locations amounted to 9,675 (previous year: 9,234). The Group-wide share of women in management positions in 2016 amounted to approx. 49% (previous year: approx. 48%). Further information on the statutorily prescribed targets for Germany’s Law on Equal Participation of Men and Women in Management Positions can be found in the chapter “Corporate Governance Report including the Corporate Governance Declaration for STADA Arzneimittel AG and the Group”. Personnel expenses Personnel expenses increased in 2016 to € 365.7 million (previous year: € 342.7 million). The ratio of personnel expenses to sales amounted to 17.1% (previous year: 16.2%). Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Employees26 Objectives and Strategies Sustainable profitable growth and long-term value increase With its business model STADA aims to generate sustainable profitable growth and to increase the value of the company in the long-term. To reach these targets, in financial year 2016 the Executive Board agreed a revised corporate strategy. With an unchanged strategic orientation, numerous initiatives were introduced to improve the performance of the Group with which competitive- ness and innovation is to be increased and added value is to be achieved in the long-term. As part of the implementation of the initiatives, untapped sales potential will be leveraged, marketing expenses will be optimized, sales efficiency will be enhanced and cost of sales will be reduced . For example, promising products are to be introduced into more countries in order to take advantage of previously untapped sales opportunities in the Branded Products segment. Within the Generics segment, STADA will benefit from the expiration of further patents and will also supplement the portfolio with selected biosimilars. Furthermore, the number of Group companies and product presentations is to be minimized, the number of suppliers reduced and production processes further optimized. A changed corporate structure with clear areas of responsibility and greater transparency as well as a re-positioned corporate culture with an increased focus on entrepreneurship, extensive knowledge sharing and an open dialog are to contribute towards reaching the objectives. In general, the revised strategy will also make a significant contribution towards reaching the objectives for 2019, presented in 2016 (see “Report on Expected Developments”). Generics segment remains part of the core business – expansion of the attractive-margin Branded Products area In order to grow further, STADA is relying on both organic growth and value-adding acquisitions. Generics will remain part of STADA’s core business, and within it growth potentials particularly exist in the expansion in markets with relatively low pene- tration rates and in the supplementation of the existing portfolio with selected biosimilars. In the Generics markets, in which the Group is already active with subsidiaries, STADA aims to maintain or take leading positions. With the help of continuous growth in the Generics segment, the Group intends to generate financial means, to further expand the often more attractive- margin Branded Products area and gradually increase the share of this segment in Group sales as a result. Within Branded Products, STADA is aiming for both further expansion and the increasing internationalization of successful brands. Innovative marketing concepts are to be used in this context. Alongside the strengthening of the Generics and Branded Products segments, STADA intends to take advantage of additional growth opportunities in niche and non-regulated markets through the intro- duction of innovative products. As part of the strategic development, the organizational and sales structures were reviewed. German business activities, for example, are to be bundled and made more competitive to improve perception on the market and achieve sales and cost advantages. In this context, STADA GmbH and STADAvita as well as STADApharm and cell pharm are to be merged. At the beginning of the fourth quarter of 2016, the management of STADA GmbH and STADAvita as well as STADApharm and cell pharm started negotations with the Works Council about the details of a merger as well as the balancing of interests and a social plan. Group Management Report of the Executive Board27 Revised Strategy Build on generics, expand branded product business and strive for additional growth opportunities Higher growth and higher margins Internationalization of brands/biosimilars/niche areas/ special therapy areas Additional growth opportunities – Niche markets, non-regulated markets, driven by innovative products Above average growth, above average margins Branded Products Solid growth, cash flow generating 2015 2019 Expand branded base business – Prioritize attractive brands – Internationalize selected products – Make use of innovative marketing concepts – Further expansion in non-regulated markets Generics Expand generics base business – Core business – Offers solid reliable growth basis – Cost leadership and strong market position in selected regions, benefiting from still low penetration rates Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Objectives and Strategies 28 Internal Management System In the STADA Group, the corporate areas are managed using the following financial performance indicators: Adjusted Group sales, adjusted net income, adjusted EBITDA and the net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio. These key figures are used for operational Group management. While Group sales are managed at segment level, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income and the net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio are managed at Group level. Despite the fact that STADA is targeting both organic and acquisition-related growth in the implementation of its growth strategy, the essential key figure is Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects, which plays a key role in terms of ensuring sustainable Group success. Adjusted EBITDA1) in the STADA Group represents EBITDA adjusted for special items within operating profit with the exception of special items that relate to impairments and write-ups of non-current assets. STADA utilizes adjusted EBITDA to measure its operational performance and the success of the individual segments adjusted for influences distorting the year-on-year comparison resulting from special items. Results from associates and investment income are included. STADA’s adjusted net income1) represents the net income adjusted for special items. Adjusted net income is used as a key figure for the measurement of the overall success. The net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio serves as a measure for the debt-to-equity ratio and as a result is an indication of the financial stability, among other things for the borrowing of funds. 1) The deduction of such effects which have an impact on the presentation of STADA’s results of operations and the derived key figures aims at improving the comparability of key figures with previous years. To achieve this, STADA uses adjusted key figures, which, as so-called pro forma figures, are not governed by the accounting requirements in accordance with IFRS. As other companies may not calculate the pro forma figures presented by STADA in the same way, STADA’s pro forma figures are only comparable with similarly designated disclosures by other companies to a limited extent. Group Management Report of the Executive Board29 The financial performance indicators of Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects, adjusted EBITDA, adjusted net income and net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio are derived as follows in the STADA Group: Financial performance indicators Determination based on the consolidated income statement and the consolidated balance sheet in accordance with IFRS Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects Group sales ± ± Portfolio effects Currency effects = Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) EBITDA, adjusted Net income, adjusted ± = ± = ± = Balance from depreciation/amortization and impairments/write-ups on intangible assets (including goodwill), property, plant and equipment and financial assets Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) Special items within operating profit excluding one-time special items that relate to impairments and write-ups of fixed assets Adjusted EBITDA (adjusted earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization) Result distributable to shareholders of STADA Arzneimittel AG (net income) Special items Adjusted net income Non-current financial liabilities + Current financial liabilities = Gross debt Net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio – Cash, cash equivalents and “available-for-sale” securities = Net debt ÷ EBITDA, adjusted Net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Internal Management System 30 Responsibility and Sustainability Corporate responsibility for over 120 years As a globally active pharmaceutical and health care company, STADA has been committed to taking responsibility for over 120 years. This is also expressed in its “All the Best” mission statement. Alongside care for people’s health and well-being, it includes sustainable and responsible economic activity. With the founding of the Professional Community of German Pharmacists (STADA) in 1895, certain products were prepared in accordance with standardized guidelines for the benefit of patients. STADA continues to take its social responsibility very seriously today. Both segments, Generics and Branded Products, contribute towards this. Through a lower price, Generics contribute towards efficient and affordable health care. Branded Products relieve pressure on health care systems because they are, with only a few exceptions, not reimbursable. STADA will reinforce its commitment to the safety and health of patients, environmental protection, fair working conditions and sustainable and responsible corporate governance with the planned joining of the UN Global Compact. Value-based corporate governance Good corporate governance is an important component of business success. Alongside comprehensive opportunities and risk management, this also includes Group-wide binding behavioral guidelines – set out in the Code of Conduct – and topic-oriented corporate policies. Compliance, i.e. the adherence to laws and internal rules, is firmly anchored in the STADA Group. As part of the ongoing optimization of the Compliance Management System, in financial year 2016 a review of the Compliance Management System in the STADA Group (readiness assessment) was started by external experts as planned and will be continued in the current financial year. The subject of compliance is described in detail in the Group Management Report of this Annual Report in the “Corporate Governance Report”. Central purchasing and supplier management as well as comprehensive corporate responsibility management (CR management) and environmental social governance management (ESG management) are further elements of value-oriented corporate governance at STADA. In 2016, for example, an extensive self-disclosure survey of suppliers and service providers on diverse corporate governance related issues was carried out. This information was up- loaded into the electronic system for corporate governance supplier assessment. The STADA Steering Group CR ensures the strategic management of CR across all areas and has engaged the CR project group within the organization with the operat ional implementation. Global medicine safety system Medicines are products that have a direct impact on people’s health. As a result of this responsibility towards patients, safe and high quality medicine are the most important goal at STADA. In order to achieve this, quality assurance and quality control in the STADA Group are designed in accordance with the guidelines of the European Good Manufacturing Practice Standard (EU-GMP standard). These GMP standards also apply to all suppliers of the STADA Group. The worldwide STADA subsidiaries are also subject to a central management of quality assurance and quality control, supported by regional quality assurance officers. As part of the global medicine safety system, all subsidiaries also report directly to the central “medicine safety” department. At STADA, the topic of product safety includes safe medicine packaging, the observance of all legal requirements and guidelines, the regular auditing of the global medicine safety system as well as the orientation of development activities in accordance with EU guidelines and national requirements for local in-house developments. Furthermore, in 2013 STADA was the first pharma- ceutical company in Germany to introduce 2D bar code labeling on products on a large scale. This simplified product management and increased customer safety, for example in the case of a product recall. In doing so the STADA Group established first measures on the market resulting from the EU directive on falsified medicinal products at an early stage. These must be legally implemented across the EU by February 9, 2019. Group Management Report of the Executive Board 31 Environmental protection at STADA Environmental protection at STADA is not limited to compliance with applicable laws. In fact, the company is constantly working to optimize procedures and processes to conserve resources and minimize the impact on the environment. Alongside regular GMP certification of the production sites and suppliers, environmental management is supported by Group-wide best practice transfer. Local standards, laws and measures are taken into account through decentralized organization in this area. Furthermore, as a result of its business model (not including the production of active ingredients) STADA does not present any significant emission risks. The Group is currently working on an integrated Corporate Governance report, which is to include Corporate Governance key figures, applicable across the Group. “All the best” initiative In order to fully satisfy its “All the best” mission statement, STADA is also involved in numerous social sponsoring projects. The Group is particularly active in the areas of information, education and research, culture and sport. In the case of a disaster, STADA also offers fast support with medication or financial donations. The “All the best” initiative, founded by STADA in 2014, contributes towards, for example, not only providing people with useful health care information, but also explaining gaps in knowledge or incorrect knowledge. The latest STADA Health Report, published in financial year 2016, looked at the interactions between the body and the mind. In addition, since 2007 STADA has been the main sponsor of dolphin aid e.V., a non-profit organization that offers alternative therapies for ill and disabled children. The company has been supporting Nepal since the severe earthquake in April 2015. Initially, emergency aid took the form of medication and financial donations, and has since been replaced with the means for rebuilding homes and schools. Within the area of “education and research”, STADA has been supporting the Hochschule Fresenius since 2003 in the form of a foundation professorship. Furthermore, Group is involved in the so-called “Deutschlandstipendium” (Scholarship of Germany), in cooperation with Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin. Within the area of culture, STADA has supported the the Burgfestspiele (castle festival) in Bad Vilbel for the past 29 years. Sport is also important for health. For this reason, STADA is also committed in this area to numerous projects in amateur, disabled and professional sport. These are just some of the numerous examples of the social commitment of the STADA Group. Digitalization in the health care industry Like many other companies, STADA is also working intensively in the area of digitalization. As a result, in financial year 2015 STADA joined the Bundesverband Informationswirtschaft, Telekommunikation und neue Medien e.V. (Bitkom, Germany’s digital association). In this way, the Group would like to become involved in the dialog about important aspects of digitalization of the health care industry, such as the subject of “data protection in the health care system” and the e-health law. Digitalization is also a factor for employer attractiveness. Digital networking and digital knowledge management will become ever more important for STADA in the future in order to offer employees a diverse working environment. In previous years STADA had introduced comprehensive digitalization in the company, among others through the increased use of digital media to provide information about health topics and through the establishment of an IT shared service center, which supports and advises the entire Group with IT services. This development will be further expanded in future. Within Human Resources, the gradual implementation of a new HR IT system is currently ongoing. Linking the individual modules is to increase efficiency, effectiveness and competitiveness. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Responsibility and Sustainability32 REPORT ON ECONOMIC POSITION Macroeconomic and Sector-Specific Environment Overall economic development According to information from the International Monetary Fund (IMF), global economic output in 2016 increased moderately by 3.1%.1) The decision of the United Kingdom to leave the European Union and the long-standing uncertainty regarding the outcome of the US elections as well as the repositioning of China to focus on domestic consumption had a noticeable effect. Commodity prices increased significantly from the beginning of the year, however they generally remained below the average prices of 2015. The economic situation of commodity-exporting countries such as Russia consequently remained difficult. The following table shows the development of the most important markets for STADA. The countries are sorted in descending order of sales achieved by STADA in 2016. Germany1) Russia1) Italy1) United Kingdom1) Spain1) Vietnam2) Belgium2) France1) Serbia2) Growth rate (GDP) 2016 in % 1.7 -0.6 0.9 2.0 3.2 6.1 1.4 1.3 2.5 In Germany, the strong economic development continued at 1.7%. Russia continued to suffer from the low raw material prices. However, its economic output improved from -3.7% to -0.6%. The potential negative consequences of Brexit for the United Kingdom have not yet been reflected in growth figures of 2.0%, although the British pound sterling lost significant value. In Italy, France and Belgium growth rates stabilized at 0.9%, 1.3% and 1.4%. Spain once again benefited from an expansive financial policy and strong growth in tourism, meaning economic ouput remained at the previous year’s level of 3.2%. Vietnam was able to maintain the high growth rate of the previous year with 6.1%. In Serbia, growth increased from 0.5% in the previous year to 2.5%. Sector-specific development In 2016, sales in the international generics market increased by approx. 7.8%3) to approx. € 185.3 billion3) as compared to the previous year. The market share of generics in the global pharmaceutical market amounted to approx. 15.2%3). The sales devel- opment of generics in the eight largest countries for STADA in terms of sales were as follows in the reporting year: Germany approx. +4.0% 4) to approx. € 6.7 billion4), Italy approx. +6.6%4) to approx. € 3.6 billion4), Spain approx. +6.8%4) to approx. € 3.1 billion4), Russia approx. +9.5%4) to approx. € 2.5 billion4), France approx. +5.1%4) to approx. € 5.9 billion4), Belgium approx. +3.8%4) to approx. € 0.6 billion4), Vietnam approx. +5.5%4) to approx. € 0.6 billion4) and Serbia approx. +4.8%4) to approx. € 0.3 billion5). Sales in the international OTC market increased by approx. 11.7%4) to approx. € 79.4 billion4) in 2016 as compared to the pre vious year. The market share of OTC products in the global pharmaceutical market amounted to approx. 7.7%4). The sales development in OTC products in the five largest countries for STADA in terms of sales developed as follows in 2016: Germany approx. +1.8%4) to approx. € 5.3 billion4), United Kingdom approx. +1.8%4) to approx. € 1.7 billion4), Russia approx. +5.0%4) to approx. € 3.8 billion4), Italy approx. +2.4%4) to approx. € 1.6 billion4) and Vietnam approx. +20.1%4) to approx. € 1.3 billion4). 1) Source: International Monetary Fund: World Economic Outlook January 2017. 2) Source: International Monetary Fund: World Economic Outlook October 2016. 3) QuintilesIMS Syndicated Analytics Service; prepared for STADA February 2017. 4) QuintilesIMS MIDAS 2016. 5) QuintilesIMS National / Sell-Out. Group Management Report of the Executive Board 33 Effects of macroeconomic and sector-specific environment With its business model, the STADA Group is oriented toward the health care market, a market that is characterized by a demand that is relatively independent of the economy. In light of this, the global economic conditions generally have fewer direct impacts on the business development of the Group than the respective regulatory environment. There were no signficiant changes, which impacted the development of the Group in the reporting year in terms of the regulatory conditions in the countries where STADA is active. Economic influences in the markets of the Group have a stronger influence on the self-pay market, as the demand there is to a certain – at times significant – extent, dependent on the financial situation of the population. In 2016, for example, STADA’s Branded Products segment in Russia was influenced by continued reluctance to buy among Russian consumers, as this market has a high proportion of self-pay patients, at 94%. The economic conditions impact the Group development in the form of currency and interest fluctuation. Against this backdrop, STADA takes suitable measures to be able to react appropriately to strong volatility in interest rates and Group-relevant curren- cy relationships. However, this is only possible to a limited extent (see “Opportunities and Risk Report”). The currency influence was particularly noticeable in the reporting year in the development of the reported operating profit. This was strongly affected by negative translation effects due to the weak Russian ruble and the pound sterling, a currency that had become increasingly weaker since the EU referendum (see “Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Results of Operations – Earnings Development of the Group”). In terms of the translation of sales and earnings in the most important national currencies for STADA, the Russian ruble, Serbian dinar and British pound sterling, it was observed that these currencies recorded weaker development in 2016 in relation to the Group currency, the euro, and influenced earnings development as a result. Whilst the Russian ruble recorded weaker devel- opment and the British pound sterling recorded increasingly weaker development following the EU referendum, the Serbian dinar was only slightly negative in relation to the euro. The Ukrainian hryvnia and Kazakhstani tenge recorded significantly weaker development than the euro, the Vietnamese dong and the Swiss franc recorded weaker development. The currency relations in other countries relevant for STADA only had a minor impact on the translation of sales and earnings in local currencies into the Group currency euro (see “Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Results of Operations – Sales Development of the Group”). The development of the British pound and the Russisan ruble in relation to the Group currency, euro, was as follows in 2016 compared with the previous year: Significant currency relations in local currency to € 1 Pound sterling Russian ruble Closing rate on Dec. 31 in local currency Average rate for the reporting period 2016 2015 ± % 2016 2015 ± % 0.85620 0.73390 +17% 0.81886 0.72604 +13% 64.30000 80.67360 -20% 74.22592 68.01339 +9% Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Economic Position 34 Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations | Development of 2016 Compared to Outlook For financial year 2016, the STADA Executive Board had forecast slight growth in Group sales adjusted for currency and port folio effects, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income in the report on expected developments of the Annual Report 2015. The Executive Board had expected the ratio of net debt excluding further acquisitions to adjusted EBITDA to be at a level of nearly 3. Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects increased by 3% to € 2,167.2 million in the reporting year (see “Report on Economic Position – Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Results of Operations – Sales Development of the Group). Adjusted EBITDA increased by 2% to € 398.0 million (see “Report on Economic Position – Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Results of Operations – Earnings Development of the Group”). Adjusted net income recorded an increase of 7% to € 177.3 million (see “Report on Economic Position – Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Earnings Development of the Group – Results of Operations”). The net debt excluding further acquisitions to adjusted EBITDA ratio was 2.8 (see “Report on Economic Position – Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Net Assets”). With this development, Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects, adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income in financial year 2016 were slightly above the statements on expected developments in the 2015 Annual Report. Group Management Report of the Executive Board 35 Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations | Development of Financial Performance Indicators and Non-financial Management Metrics Financial performance indicators of the STADA Group The development of the STADA Group’s financial performance indicators in financial year 2016 was as follows: Financial performance indicators in € million 2016 2015 ±% Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects • Generics • Branded Products EBITDA, adjusted • Generics • Branded Products Net income, adjusted Net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio 2,167.2 1,287.4 879.8 398.0 264.9 200.7 177.3 2.8 2,100.4 1,253.2 847.1 389.4 232.0 220.1 165.8 3.1 +3% +3% +4% +2% +14% -9% +7% -10% Details on the development of STADA’s financial performance indicators are included in the following explanations of the results of operations. Non-financial management metrics of the STADA Group As a supplement to the key figures for the assessment of the financial development of the Group, non-financial metrics are also important for sustainable business success. In this context, the topics “corporate responsibility”, “sustainable development and approval strength”, “quality assurance and quality control”, “environmental protection” and “personnel development and retention” play an important role. Details can be found in the Group Management Report of this Annual Report in the “Product Development”, “Procurement, Production and Quality Management”, “Employees” and “Responsibility and Sustainability” chapters. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Economic Position 36 Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations | Results of Operations Sales Development of the Group Increase in Group sales under difficult conditions in € million Group sales Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects 2016 2015 2,139.2 2,167.2 2,115.1 2,100.4 Reported Group sales recorded an increase of 1% to € 2,139.2 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: € 2,115.1 million). When effects on sales based on changes in the Group portfolio and currency effects are deducted, adjusted Group sales increased by 3% to € 2,167.2 million in the reporting year (previous year: € 2,100.4 million). The reconciliation of reported Group sales to Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects is as follows: in € million Reported Group sales • Generics • Branded Products Currency effects • Generics • Branded Products Portfolio changes • Generics • Branded Products Comparable period for 2016 2,115.1 1,261.4 853.6 – – – 14.7 8.2 6.5 2016 2,139.2 1,280.7 858.5 69.6 17.9 51.7 41.6 11.2 30.4 ±% +1% +2% +1% – – – – – – Comparable period for 2015 2,062.2 1,261.7 800.5 – – – 10.0 6.3 3.7 2015 2,115.1 1,261.4 853.6 64.6 13.2 51.5 45.9 6.6 39.3 ±% +3% -0% +7% – – – – – – Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects • Generics • Branded Products 2,167.2 1,287.4 879.8 2,100.4 1,253.2 847.1 +3% +3% +4% 2,133.8 1,268.0 865.8 2,052.2 1,255.4 796.8 +4% +1% +9% Group Management Report of the Executive Board 37 In detail, these effects on sales which can be attributed to changes in the Group portfolio and currency effects were as follows: Portfolio changes totaled € 41.6 million in 2016, primarily due to the acquisition of the Socialites group and Laboratorio Vannier, and € 14.7 million in the previous year, including the retrospective adjustment, which was particularly attributable to the disposal of Laboratoires d’études et de recherches en oligo éléments thérapie SA and the suspension of the commercial business within STADA Nordic. This represents 1.2 percentage points. As a result of applying foreign exchange rates from the reporting year compared with the previous year for the translation of local sales contributions into the Group currency euro, STADA recorded a negative currency effect for Group sales in the amount of € 69.6 million or -3.3 percentage points because the development of all three of the most important national currencies for STADA was weaker compared to the Group currency euro. Whilst the Russian ruble recorded weaker development and the British pound sterling recorded increasingly weaker development following the EU referendum, the Serbian dinar was only slightly negative in relation to the euro. The Ukrainian hryvnia and Kazakhstani tenge recorded significantly weaker development than the euro, the Vietnamese dong and the Swiss franc recorded weaker development. The currency relations in other countries relevant for STADA only had a minor impact on the translation of sales and earnings in local currencies into the Group currency euro. To the extent that adjusted sales figures are reported in this annual report, this refers to sales adjusted for these portfolio effects and currency fluctuations in each case. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Economic Position 38 Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations | Results of Operations Earnings Development of the Group Adjusted EBITDA in € million Adjusted net income in € million . 9 1 3 4 . 3 4 1 4 . 4 9 8 3 0 . 8 9 3 . 4 7 6 3 . 2 6 8 1 3 . 7 7 1 . 8 5 6 1 . 6 0 6 1 . 9 7 4 1 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Reported adjusted key earnings figures burdened by high special items Overall, the result of operations in 2016 was influenced by high special items, particularly expenses from reorganization decisions. The changes to the corporate structure and resulting changes to reporting structures in July 2016, with which we are moving away from regional responsibilities and towards central management of the Generics and Branded Products segments, resulted in a series of structural measures, particularly in relation to personnel decisions as well as the revaluation of portfolio activities. The development of the reported key earnings figures therefore differed from the development of the adjusted key earnings figures. The development of reported operating profit was significantly influenced by negative translation effects, which were attributable to a weaker Russian ruble and the increasing weakness of the British pound sterling since the EU referendum. Reported operating profit showed a decline of 20% to € 178.1 million in the reporting year (previous year: € 223.7 million). Reported EBITDA decreased by 4% to € 361.5 million (previous year: € 377.1 million). Reported net income decreased by 22% to € 85.9 million (previous year: € 110.4 million). Adjusted operating profit recorded growth of 4% to € 294.4 million in the reporting year (previous year: € 283.8 million). Adjusted EBITDA recorded growth of 2% to € 398.0 million (previous year: € 389.4 million). Adjusted net income grew by 7% to € 177.3 million (previous year: € 165.8 million). The reported tax rate improved to 25.1% in financial year 2016 (previous year: 25.8%). The adjusted tax rate at 23.9% in the same period was above the level of the previous year (previous year: 22.0%). Group Management Report of the Executive Board 39 Influence on earnings due to special items Special items amounted to a net burden on earnings of € 116.7 million before or € 91.4 million after taxes in 2016. The re conciliation of the reported financial key performance indicators and further essential key earnings figures of the STADA Group to those adjusted for special items is as follows: Effects from purchase price allocations and product acquisi- tions2) Impair- ments/ write-ups on fixed assets Currency effects CIS/ Eastern Europe3) Measure- ment of derivative financial instru- ments Portfolio adjust- ments/ restruc- turing expenses4) Other5) 2016 adjusted in € million1) 2016 reported Operating profit 178.1 65.5 11.4 9.1 Result from investments measured at equity Investment income Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) Financial income and expenses Earnings before taxes (EBT) Income taxes Result distributable to non-controlling shareholders Result distributable to share holders of STADA Arzneimittel AG (net income) Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) Balance from depreciation/amortization and impairments/ write-ups of intangible assets (including goodwill), property, plant and equipment and financial assets Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) 0.7 0.0 – – – – 178.9 65.5 11.4 51.4 – – 127.4 31.9 65.5 12.8 11.4 3.1 – – 9.1 – 9.1 1.1 – – – – -0.5 0.5 0.1 28.2 2.0 294.4 – – – – 0.7 0.0 28.2 2.0 295.1 – 28.2 5.3 – 2.0 4.0 50.9 244.2 58.4 9.6 0.5 -1.6 – – – – 8.5 85.9 52.2 9.9 178.9 65.5 11.4 8.0 9.1 0.4 22.9 -2.0 177.3 – 28.2 2.0 295.1 182.7 -65.5 -14.3 – 361.5 – -2.9 9.1 – – – – 102.9 28.2 2.0 398.0 1) As a result of the presentation in € million, deviations due to rounding may occur in the tables. 2) Relates to additional scheduled depreciation and other measurement effects due to purchase price allocations as well as significant product acquisitions taking financial year 2013 as basis. 3) Relates to currency translation effects recorded in the income statement resulting from the fluctuation of the Russian ruble as well as other significant currencies of the region CIS/ Eastern Europe. 4) Relates to miscellaneous extraordinary expenses, among other things, for the restructuring of the German business, the termination of further parts of the aesthetics business, expenses related to the deconsolidation of the Egyptian subsidiary as well as the termination of a distribution contract in Belgium. 5) Relates to miscellaneous extraordinary income and expenses, among other things, from a received milestone payment in the United Kingdom, tax rate changes in the United Kingdom and a severance payment for the previous Chairman of the Executive Board. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Economic Position 40 In the previous year, there was a net burden on earnings from special items of € 63.1 million before or € 55.4 million after taxes. This had the following effects on the reconciliation of the reported financial key performance indicators and further essential key earnings figures of the STADA Group to those adjusted for special items in financial year 2015: in € million1) 2015 reported Effects from purchase price allocations and product acquisi- tions2) Impair- ments/ write-ups on fixed assets Currency effects CIS/ Eastern Europe3) Measure- ment of derivative financial instru- ments Operating profit 223.7 33.2 9.5 16.9 1.4 0.1 – – 225.3 33.2 67.5 157.8 40.6 6.8 – 33.2 3.8 0.3 – – 9.5 – 9.5 -0.6 -0.5 – – 16.9 – 16.9 – – Other4) 2015 adjusted 0.4 283.8 – – 1.4 0.1 0.4 285.3 – 0.4 4.6 64.4 220.9 48.6 -0.1 6.5 – – – – -3.1 3.1 0.2 – 110.4 29.1 10.6 16.9 2.9 -4.1 165.8 225.3 33.2 9.5 16.9 151.8 -33.2 -14.5 – 377.1 – -5.0 16.9 – – – 0.4 285.3 – 104.1 0.4 389.4 Result from investments measured at equity Investment income Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) Financial income and expenses Earnings before taxes (EBT) Income taxes Result distributable to non- controlling shareholders Result distributable to share holders of STADA Arzneimittel AG (net income) Earnings before interest and taxes (EBIT) Balance from depreciation/ amortization and impairments/write-ups of intangible assets (including goodwill), property, plant and equipment and financial assets Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA) In the charts below, further essential key earnings figures of the STADA Group as well as the resulting margins are presented both as reported figures as well as adjusted for aforementioned special items and aforementioned special items for 2016 with the previous year to allow for comparison. 1) As a result of the presentation in € million, deviations due to rounding may occur in the tables. 2) Relates to additional scheduled depreciation and other measurement effects due to purchase price allocations as well as significant product acquisitions taking financial year 2013 as basis. 3) Relates to currency translation effects recorded in the income statement resulting from the fluctuation of the Russian ruble as well as other significant currencies of the region CIS/ Eastern Europe. 4) Relates to miscellaneous extraordinary income and expenses, among other things, for damage claim payments made and received, a change to the tax rate in the United Kingdom, a gain on disposal of a French Branded Products company and expenses in connection with the disposal of the German logistics activities. Group Management Report of the Executive Board 41 Development of the STADA Group’s reported key earnings figures in € million Operating profit • Operating segment result Generics • Operating segment result Branded Products EBITDA2) • EBITDA Generics • EBITDA Branded Products EBIT3) EBT4) Net income Earnings per share in € Diluted earnings per share in €5) 2016 178.1 195.2 81.4 361.5 255.8 186.2 178.9 127.4 85.9 1.38 – 2015 ±% Margin1) 2016 Margin1) 2015 223.7 177.7 130.0 377.1 233.2 211.8 225.3 157.8 110.4 1.79 1.79 -20% +10% -37% -4% +10% -12% -21% -19% -22% -23% – 8.3% 15.2% 9.5% 16.9% 20.0% 21.7% 8.4% 6.0% 4.0% 10.6% 14.1% 15.2% 17.8% 18.5% 24.8% 10.7% 7.5% 5.2% Development of the STADA Group’s adjusted 6) key earnings figures in € million Operating profit, adjusted • Operating segment result Generics, adjusted • Operating segment result Branded Products, adjusted EBITDA 2), adjusted • EBITDA Generics, adjusted • EBITDA Branded Products, adjusted EBIT 3), adjusted EBT 4), adjusted Net income, adjusted Earnings per share in €, adjusted Diluted earnings per share in €5), adjusted Income statement and development 2016 294.4 214.2 152.8 398.0 264.9 200.7 295.1 244.2 177.3 2.85 – 2015 ±% Margin 1) 2016 Margin 1) 2015 283.8 182.7 173.2 389.4 232.0 220.1 285.3 220.9 165.8 2.69 2.69 +4% +17% -12% +2% +14% -9% +3% +11% +7% +6% – 13.8% 16.7% 17.8% 18.6% 20.7% 23.4% 13.8% 11.4% 8.3% 13.4% 14.5% 20.3% 18.4% 18.4% 25.8% 13.5% 10.4% 7.8% In 2016, cost of sales increased to € 1,105.3 million (previous year: € 1,101.7 million), in line with increased sales revenues. Group profit amounted to € 1,033.9 million (previous year: € 1,013.4 million). Overall, cost of sales in the reporting year include impairment, depreciation and amortization in the amount of € 101.0 million (previous year: € 101.5 million). These primarily resulted from amortization on such intangible assets, representing a necessary condition for the marketing of the products manufactured – in particular drug approvals. The cost of sales ratio in financial year 2016 amounted to 51.7% (previous year: 52.1%). The gross margin improved to 48.3% (previous year: 47.9%). This development was primarily attributable to a lower rate of sales reductions in the German Generics segment (see “Results of Operations – Sales Development of the Generics and Branded Products Segments – Generics – Germany”) as well as a continued improvement in cost of sales ratio. Selling expenses in the reporting year increased to € 488.3 million (previous year: € 482.6 million). This development was primarily based on increased marketing expenses in the Branded Products segment, particularly in Italy, Germany and Belgium. Selling expenses as a percentage of sales amounted to 22.8% (previous year: 22.8%). 1) Related to relevant Group sales. 2) Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization. 3) Earnings before interest and taxes. 4) Earnings before taxes. 5) Earnings per share will not be diluted in financial year 2016, because the share options from the STADA warrants in connection with the Conditional Capital Increase 2004/I expired on June 26, 2015. 6) Adjusted for special items. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Economic Position 42 General and administrative expenses increased to € 182.7 million in 2016 (previous year: € 178.4 million). Their share of Group sales amounted to 8.5% (previous year: 8.4%). This increase was mainly based on the inclusion of subsidiaries first consolidated in the reporting year or at the end of the previous year. Research and development costs were € 65.1 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: € 65.0 million). The sales-related ratio of research and development expenses amounted to 3.0% (previous year: 3.1%). STADA’s reported development costs include the non-capitalizable development costs. These are primarily made up of costs associated with regulatory requirements and the optimization of existing products. This cost item does not include payments for the development of new products, as they are usually capitalized by STADA.1) Other expenses increased to € 138.9 million in 2016 (previous year: € 83.7 million). This development was primarily attributable to increased impairments on intangible assets, the termination of significant areas of the aesthetics business, the termination of a distribution contract in Belgium, the restructuring of the German business as well as a severance payment for the previous Chairman of the Executive Board. Lower currency translation expenses, in particular in the Russian subgroup STADA CIS, had an opposite effect. Within remaining other expenses, personnel expenses are recognized in the amount of € 24.8 million (previous year: € 4.4 mil- lion). The financial result, which is primarily made up of financial income and financial expenses, was € -50.7 million in the reporting year (previous year: € -65.9 million). The interest expense in the amount of € 52.9 million (previous year: € 65.6 million) re presented the largest single operational item. Furthermore, the financial result also included effects from the measurement of derivative financial instruments that amounted to a net expenses of € 0.5 million (previous year: burden on earnings of € 3.1 million). In financial year 2016, the Group refinanced itself at interest rates of between 0.7% p.a. and 26.0% p.a. (previous year: between 0.7% p.a. and 16.6% p.a.). On the reporting date of December 31, 2016, the weighted average interest rate for non-current financial liabilities was approx. 1.7% p.a. (December 31, 2015: approx. 2.0% p.a.) and for current financial liabilities approx. 3.1% p.a. (December 31, 2015: approx. 5.1% p.a.). For all of the Group’s financial liabilities the weighted average interest amounted to approx. 1.8% p.a. (December 31, 2015: approx. 2.6% p.a.). Income tax expenses decreased to € 31.9 million in 2016 (previous year: € 40.6 million). The reported tax rate improved to 25.1% (previous year: 25.8%), in particular due to a tax rate change in the United Kingdom and the continued utilization of tax loss carryforwards in Germany. The adjusted tax rate at 23.9% in the same period was above the level of the previous year (pre vious year: 22.0%). 1) In the reporting year, development expenses for new products in the amount of € 28.4 million (previous year: € 26.1 million) were capitalized. Group Management Report of the Executive Board43 Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations | Results of Operations Sales Development of the Generics and Branded Products Segments In accordance with the fundamental change to reporting structures in 2016, agreed by the Executive Board and briefly described in the “Overview of the Financial Year” chapter, the STADA Group now reports exclusively by the two segments Generics and Branded Products. In the presentation of the two segments, STADA also describes how the largest countries in terms of sales within these two segments have developed. Reported sales of the Generics segment increased by 2% to € 1,280.7 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: € 1,261.4 mil- lion). This development was primarily attributable to sales growth in Italy, Russia and Vietnam. Sales of the Generics segment adjusted for portfolio effects and currency influences increased by 3% compared with the previous year to € 1,287.4 million (previous year: € 1,253.2 million) – particularly due to the negative development of currency effects in this segment. Generics contributed 59.9% to Group sales (previous year: 59.7%). Within the Generics segment, the eight largest countries according to sales developed as follows in 2016: Sales of generics in Germany of € 308.0 million (previous year: € 308.3 million) were at the level of the previous year. Sales generated in the German market with generics had a share of 63% in the overall sales achieved in the German market (previous year: 71%). The market share of generics sold in German pharmacies in the reporting year was approx. 11.5%1) (previous year: approx. 12.4%1)). As a result, the STADA Group continues to be the clear number 3 in the German generics market.1) Sales of generics in Italy increased by 6% to € 157.7 million (previous year: € 149.0 million), in particular as a result of positive volume effects. Generics contributed 78% to local sales (previous year: 79%). With a market share of approx. 14.6% (previous year: approx. 14.8%), STADA occupied position 4 in the Italian generics market in financial year 2016.2) In Spain, sales with generics decreased by 1% to € 105.4 million (previous year: € 107.0 million). This development was particularly attributable to a high comparable basis in the previous year as a result of numerous product launches and the legal approval of discounts in the reporting year, which led to a higher rate of sales reductions. Generics contributed 87% to local sales on the Spanish market (previous year: 89%). With a market share of approx. 9.8% (previous year: approx. 9.7%), STADA occupied position 3 in the Spanish generics market in 2016.2) Sales generated with generics in Russia increased by 18%, applying the exchange rates of the previous year. Despite a clearly negative currency effect of the Russian ruble, sales in euro grew by 11% to € 92.5 million (previous year: € 83.6 million). Generics contributed 38% to local sales (previous year: 28%). With a market share of approx. 4.7% (previous year: approx. 4.5%), STADA occupied position 1 in the Russian generics market in the reporting year.2) In Belgium, sales generated with generics decreased by 5% to € 90.7 million, particularly due to a still-hesitant purchasing and sales strategy of the Belgian sales partner (previous year: € 95.0 million) – where positive sales development was observed in the second half of 2016. Whilst sales in the first six months of 2016 decreased by 37%, an increase of 66% was achieved in the second half of 2016. Generics contributed 89% to local sales (previous year: 91%). With a market share of approx. 44.6% (pre- vious year: approx 43.9%), STADA remained the clear market leader in the Belgian generics market in 2016.2) In the current fi- nancial year, STADA expects continued positive development in sales generated with generics in Belgium, as STADA ended an existing sales cooperation in December 2016 and now manages the logistics and sales area on its own. Sales achieved with generics in France recorded an increase of 2% to € 81.9 million (previous year: € 80.1 million), which was primarily a result of volume effects, despite continued strong price and discount competition. Generics contributed 96% to local sales (previous year: 89%). With a market share of approx. 3.7% (previous year: approx. 3.6%), STADA occupied position 7 in the French generics market in financial year 2016.2) 1) Data from QuintilesIMS Health based on pharmacy sales to customers (source: QuintilesIMS/Pharmascope rational). 2) STADA estimate based on QuintilesIMS data at ex-factory prices. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Economic Position 44 Despite increased price pressure, sales generated with generics in Vietnam grew by 11%, applying the exchange rates of the previous year. As a result of a weaker Vietnamese dong, sales in euro increased by 9% to € 69.1 million (previous year: € 63.2 mil- lion). This development resulted, in particular, from local hospital tender processes that were won. Generics contributed 65% to local sales (previous year: 67%). The sales generated in Serbia with generics declined by 23%, applying the exchange rates In euro, sales declined by 24% to € 55.8 million (previous year: € 73.7 million) as a result of a slightly negative currency effect of the Serbian dinar. This development was, among other things, attributable to the decision on declining reimbursement prices. Additionally, wholesalers continued to have high inventories. Generics contributed 76% to Serbian sales (previous year: 79%). Overall, an unchanged general shift from generics to branded products can be observed in the sales mix of the Serbian market. With a market share of approx. 29.7% (previous year: approx. 33.3%), STADA remained the market leader in Serbia in 2016.1) With products containing the Group’s top five pharmaceutical active ingredients in terms of sales, STADA achieved sales in the amount of € 133.4 million in 2016 (previous year: € 117.9 million). These products thus had a share of 10.4% of sales in the Generics segment (previous year: 9.3%). With sales of € 43.6 million in the reporting year (previous year: € 32.0 million), tilidin naloxon was the strongest selling active pharmaceutical ingredient in the Generics segment. Reported sales of the Branded Products segment increased slightly by 1% to € 858.5 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: € 853.6 million). Despite strong development in Germany and sales growth due to acquisitions in the United Kingdom, this development was particularly attributable to a decline in sales in Russia. Sales of the core segment Branded Products adjusted for portfolio effects and currency influences increased by 4% compared with the previous year to € 879.8 million (previous year: € 847.1 million) — particularly as a result of the negative development of currency effects in this segment. Branded products contributed 40.1% to Group sales (previous year: 40.3%). Within the Branded Products segment, development of the five largest countries according to sales was as follows in the reporting year: Sales generated with branded products in Germany recorded growth of 38% to € 177.4 million (previous year: € 128.3 million). This development was attributable to optimizations in the product portfolio, strong growth of core products and new product launches. Overall, branded products contributed 37% to sales achieved in the German market (previous year: 29%). In the United Kingdom, sales generated with branded products increased by 17%, applying the exchange rates of the previous year. Despite the negative currency effect as a consequence of the referendum decision in favor of the United Kingdom leaving the European Union, sales in euro increased by 4% to € 175.4 million (previous year: € 168.0 million). The acquisition of the Socialites Group in December 2015 and of BSMW Limited in February 2016 contributed to this growth in sales. However, a weak cough and cold season at the beginning of the year and poor weather in June and July which reduced sales of suncream products had a dampening effect on sales. Branded products accounted for 88% of total sales in the UK market (previous year: 86%). The outlook for the development of the British pound sterling continues to be negative as a result of the United Kingdom’s referendum decision in the second quarter of 2016 to leave the European Union and the associated uncertainties. Overall, such a devaluation of the British pound sterling will result in negative translation effects on sales reported in euro for STADA. In view of the continued difficult conditions, in particular in the self-pay market, sales generated with branded products in Russia decreased by 25%, applying the exchange rates of the previous year. As a result of a clearly negative currency effect of the Russian ruble, sales decreased in euro by 29% to € 150.1 million (previous year: € 212.2 million). This development was primarily driven by growing consolidation on the demand side and consequently higher discount burdens. In addition, price increases in the so-called Vital and Essential Drugs List (EDL) could not compensate for the high inflation rate. Branded products had a share in sales of 62% in the Russian market (previous year: 72%). The sales and earnings contributions of Russian STADA business activities will also continue to be primarily affected by the development of the currency relation of the Russian ruble to the euro in the future. In addition, the unchanged bleak prospects for the Russian economy and the strong devaluation of the Russian ruble present an increased risk in terms of consumer sentiment and consumer spending. 1) STADA estimate based on QuintilesIMS data at ex-factory prices. Group Management Report of the Executive Board45 Sales generated in Italy with branded products recorded an increase of 9% to € 43.9 million, in particular due to acquisitions (previous year: € 40.4 million). Branded products contributed 22% to sales in Italy (previous year: 21%). Sales generated in Vietnam with branded products increased by 21%, applying the exchange rates of the previous year. In euro, sales increased by 19% to € 36.7 million (previous year: € 30.8 million) as a result of a slightly negative currency effect of the Vietnamese dong. Branded Products contributed 35% to Vietnamese sales (previous year: 33%). With the top five branded products in the Group in term of sales, STADA achieved sales in the amount of € 177.1 million in the reporting year (previous year: € 199.7 million). These products thus had a share of 20.6% of sales in the Branded Products segment (previous year: 23.4%). Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Economic Position 46 Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations | Results of Operations Earnings development of the Generics and Branded Products segments The reported operating profit in the Generics segment increased by 10% to € 195.2 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: € 177.7 million). This development resulted from significant growth in the operating result of the German sales companies primarily due to more limited revenue reductions. In addition, the good sales performance in Italy, Switzerland and Vietnam had a positive effect on the key earnings figures. An opposing development occurred in Belgium due to a hesitant purchasing and sales strategy of the Belgian sales partner until the end of 2016. The resulting sales development at the level of the previous year could not be compensated with corresponding cost savings and led to the termination of the distribution agreement with the Belgian partner. The reported EBITDA in Generics increased by 10% to € 255.8 million (previous year: € 233.2 million ). This development was solely attributable to the aforementioned developments in the reported operating profit in the segment. The reported operating profit margin of Generics amounted to 15.2% (pre vious year: 14.1%). The reported EBITDA margin in Generics was 20.0% (previous year: 18.5%). Adjusted operating profit in the Generics segment increased in the reporting year by 17% to € 214.2 million (previous year: € 182.7 million). Adjusted EBITDA of Generics showed an increase of 14% to € 264.9 million (previous year: € 232.0 million). Both developments were primarily attributable to the aforementioned developments in Germany, Italy, Switzerland and Viet- nam. The significantly more positive development of adjusted operating profit as compared to reported operating profit result- ed from higher adjustments than in the previous year, which mainly relate to expenses in connection with the termination of the distribution agreement with the Belgian sales partner and with the merging of German sales companies. The adjusted operating profit margin of Generics was 16.7% (previous year: 14.5%). The adjusted EBITDA margin of Generics was at 20.7% (previous year: 18.4%). The reported operating profit in the Branded Products segment decreased by 37% to € 81.4 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: € 130.0 million). This development mainly resulted from various effects in the Russian market. On the one hand, high inflation affected consumer sentiment and purchasing power of end consumers. On the other hand, increased discount burdens and sales measures in connection with a clearly negative currency effect of the Russian ruble had a negative impact on the operating segment profit of Branded Products. In addition, despite a positive sales performance, negative translation effects resulting from the EU referendum as well as increased expenses in sales and marketing led to a burden on the key earnings figures of the British subgroup Thornton & Ross. Furthermore, a significant increase in segment operating performance in German Branded Products was countered by expenses from portfolio adjustments and restructuring measures. The reported EBITDA of Branded Products decreased by 12% to € 186.2 million (previous year: € 211.8 million). This development was primarily attributable to the aforementioned developments in the segment operating profit. Reported operating profit margin of Branded Products was at 9.5% (previous year: 15.2%). The reported EBITDA margin of Branded Products was 21.7% (previous year: 24.8%). Adjusted operating segment profit of Branded Products recorded a decrease of 12% to € 152.8 million in 2016 (previous year: € 173.2 million). Adjusted EBITDA of Branded Products decreased by 9% to € 200.7 million (previous year: € 220.1 million). Both developments were based on the reasons relating to the markets of Russia and the United Kingdom already mentioned under reported operating profit of Branded Products. There was higher decrease in reported operating profit than in the adjusted key figure as compared to the previous year due to higher special items, which are primarily attributable to the afore- mentioned portfolio adjustments and restructuing measures as well as currency translation expenses in the CIS subgroup, recognized in income. The adjusted operating profit margin of Branded Products amounted to 17.8% (previous year: 20.3%). The adjusted EBITDA margin of Branded Products was 23.4% (previous year: 25.8%). Group Management Report of the Executive Board47 Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations | Financial Position Stable financial position The STADA Group had a stable financial position in financial year 2016. As a supplement to some of the individual items reported in the cash flow statement, these can be observed in various key figures taken from, among other things, the liquidity analysis contained in this chapter. Basic principles and objectives of financial management at STADA As part of its financing strategy, STADA aims to both secure its financial flexibility and to optimize the weighted average costs of capital. In terms of high financial flexibility, the Group relies on different financial instruments as well as a diversified investor structure. Overall, STADA’s maturity profile reflects a broad distribution with a high share of middle and long-term financial instruments. The Group covers its need for financing through a combination of cash flow from operating activities and the borrowing of funds on the short, middle and long-term, as well as factoring programs. STADA also has a liquidity reserve through certain credit lines. The Group has defined the net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio as a dynamic debt figure. In principle, this key figure must not exceed three, excluding further acquisitions. If this target is exceeded in the short-term, STADA aims to reverse this within 12 to 18 months. Existing financial risks in the Group are reduced to a minimum through natural hedges or derivative financial instruments. Derivative financial instruments are principally neither held nor issued for speculation purposes. Financial risks are hedged only if they have significant consequences on the Group’s cash flow. Details on the management of individual financial risks can be found in the Group Management Report of this Annual Report in the chapter “Opportunities and Risk Report”. Long-term refinancing secured Financing mix of the STADA Group as of December 31, 2016 — Other financial liabilities 8% Bonds 44% — € 1,470.8 million — Promissory note loans 48% The long-term refinancing of the Group as of December 31, 2016 was provided for by a five-year bond that was placed in the second quarter of 2013 in the amount of € 350.0 million with an interest rate of 2.25% p.a. as well as a seven-year corporate bond placed in the first quarter of 2015 in the amount of € 300.0 million with an interest rate of 1.75% p.a. Furthermore, as of December 31, 2016, there were promissory note loans with maturities in the area of the beginning of 2017 until 2023 with a total nominal value in the amount of € 709.0 million. In order to ensure a balanced financing structure, promissory note loans are staggered in terms of their volume and duration. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Economic Position 48 Financial liabilities in a currency other than the Group’s functional currency primarily exist at one Group company within the region CIS/Eastern Europe. In financial year 2016, the Group refinanced itself at interest rates of between 0.7% p.a. and 26.0% p.a. (previous year: between 0.7% p.a. and 16.6% p.a.). On the reporting date of December 31, 2016, the weighted average interest rate for non-current financial liabilities was approx. 1.7% p.a. (December 31, 2015: approx. 2.0% p.a.) and for current financial liabilities approx. 3.1% p.a. (December 31, 2015: approx. 5.1% p.a.). For all of the Group’s financial liabilities the weighted average interest amounted to approx. 1.8% p.a. (December 31, 2015: approx. 2.6% p.a.). The following table gives an overview of the structuring of financial liabilities in the STADA Group: < 1 year 1 – 3 years 3 – 5 years > 5 years Total thereof as of Dec. 31, 2016 > 1 year in % 43,993 – 90,351 134,343 294,487 348,912 25,575 668,974 307,665 – 542 61,314 297,918 – 707,459 646,830 116,468 308,207 359,232 1,470,757 94% 100% 22% 91% Remaining maturities of financial liabilities due to banks as of Dec. 31, 2016 in € 000s Promissory note loans Bonds Liabilities to banks Total Liquidity analysis The Group’s liquidity was guaranteed at all times in the reporting year. In 2016, significant sources of liquidity included cash inflows from operating activities as well as financing activity, i.e. the borrowing of funds on the short, middle and long-term. STADA also received cash inflow from factoring programs. Cash inflows from operating activities are influenced by the profit- ability of business activities and by net working capital, in particular by receivables. In addition to the existing financing through two corporate bonds, long-term credit lines and various promissory note loans, STADA maintains a liquidity reserve in the form of cash and short-term credit lines. Cash flow analysis Cash flow statement (abridged) in € 000s 2016 2015 Cash flow from operating activities Cash flow from investing activities Free cash flow Cash flow from financing activities Non-cash changes in cash and cash equivalents Cash flow 333,522 -172,666 160,856 55,237 -6,691 311,748 -178,217 133,531 -155,089 527 209,402 -21,031 Cash flow from operating activities consists of changes in items not covered by capital expenditure, financing, exchange differences on the conversion of foreign financial statements and transactions in foreign currencies or through changes in the scope of consolidation and measurement. Cash flow from operating activities improved to € 333.5 million in the reporting year (previous year: € 311.7 million). The cash flow increase from operating activities by € 21.8 million from the previous year mainly resulted from decreased payments for interest and income taxes as well as a significantly lower cash-effective increase in inventories and a cash-effective increase in trade accounts payable, although in the previous year the latter recorded a significantly decreased cash-effective decrease. The resulting positive effects on cash flow from operating activities were partly compensated by cash outflows from other net assets that were significantly higher than the previous year. Group Management Report of the Executive Board 49 Cash flow from investing activities reflects the cash outflows for investments reduced by the inflows from disposals and amounted to € -172.7 million in the reporting year (previous year: € -178.2 million). The cash flow from investing activities was particularly influenced by payments for investments in intangible assets in financial year 2016, which primarily relate to advance payments made for the development of approvals and trademarks as well as licenses in Germany and the United Kingdom. Furthermore, expenses were also incurred for company mergers, particularly from the acquisition of a product port- folio in Serbia and the purchase of the British Natures Aid and the Argentinean Laboratorio Vannier. For acquisitions as well as business combinations in accordance with IFRS 3 as well as for significant investments in intangible assets for the short-term expansion of the product portfolio (generally in the reporting year) – STADA spent a total of € 86.3 mil- lion in 2016 (previous year: € 89.0 million). As a result of disposals, cash flow from investing activities recorded an inflow of cash and cash equivalents in the total amount of € 11.0 million in the reporting year (previous year: € 11.8 million). Investments in other intangible assets, i.e. investments in intangible assets in the context of the ongoing operating business and thus without consideration of significant investments or acquisitions for the short-term expansion of the product portfolio, amounted to € 42.7 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: € 49.2 million) and primarily comprised individual insignificant payments for the development and acquisition of approvals and approval dossiers in the reporting year. Payments for investments in property, plant and equipment amounted to € 49.8 million in 2016 (previous year: € 51.2 million). Investments in property plant and equipment included investments in production facilities, production sites and test labora- tories in the total amount of € 22.6 million (previous year: € 32.2 million). Payments for investments in financial assets were € 4.9 million in 2016 (previous year: € 0.6 million). Cash flow from financing activities amounted to € 55.2 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: € -155.1 million) and encompasses payments from changes in financial liabilities, dividend distribution payments and payments for treasury shares as well as additions to shareholders’ equity. This development was primarily attributable to the securing of additional promissory note loans in the total amount of € 350.0 million, which will be used for the refinancing of the promissory note loans expiring in financial year 2016 in the total amount of € 188.0 million. In addition, significantly fewer financial liabilities were repaid in the reporting year than in the previous year. Free cash flow, i.e. cash flow from operating activities plus cash flow from investing activities, increased to € 160.9 million in 2016 (previous year: € 133.5 million). Free cash flow adjusted for payments for significant investments or acquisitions and proceeds from significant disposals increased to € 243.0 million (previous year: € 212.4 million). Cash flow for financial year 2016, net of all inflows and outflows of cash and cash equivalents, amounted to € 209.4 million in 2016 (previous year: € -21.0 million). Investments The Group’s investments totaled € 189.7 million in the reporting year (previous year: € 177.0 million). Investments in property plant and equipment were € 54.3 million (previous year: € 53.5 million), of which € 4.2 million was attributable to business combinations in accordance with IFRS 3 (previous year: € 0.6 million). In relation to Group sales, the share of investments in property, plant and equipment was 2.5% (previous year: 2.5% of Group sales). Investments in intangible assets amounted to € 130.5 million (previous year: € 122.9 million), of which € 49.0 million was due to business combinations according to IFRS 3 (previous year: € 51.5 million). In financial year 2016, 29% of the total investment volume was used for property, plant and equipment (previous year: 30%) and 69% for intangible assets (previous year: 69%). Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Economic Position 50 Focused acquisition policy with selected purchases In financial year 2016, the Group continued its focused acquisition policy, targeting continued organic growth through selected external acquisitions. The Group continues to concentrate on both the regional expansion of business activities as well as the expansion and internationalization of branded products in particular. These are subject to less regulatory intervention and are often characterized by more attractive margins than generics. Regardless of this focused purchasing policy, acquisition projects are principally subject to a strict selection process with uniform criteria and must, in particular, meet defined return specifications in addition to strategic criteria. For larger acquisitions or cooperations with capital investments, appropriate capital measures continue to be imaginable if the burden on the equity-to-assets ratio from such acquisitions or cooperations is too high. STADA made the following value-enhancing purchases in the context of its focussed acquisition policy in the reporting year: In order to strengthen the Generics segment, STADA and the STADA subsidiary BEPHA Beteiligungsgesellschaft für Pharmawerte mbH signed a contract for the purchase of the Argentinian generics producer Laboratorio Vannier in the fourth quarter of 2015.1) The purchase price amounted to a maximum of USD 13.0 million (according to the exchange rate at the date of acquisition approx. € 11.9 million) and will be or has already been paid in cash or cash equivalents. The purchase was completed in the first quarter of 2016. Through the acquisition, STADA also expanded its international sales network in a country that the Group had not yet been represented with its own sales company. STADA acquired the British BSMW, based in Stockport, in the first quarter of 2016 to expand the presence and sale activities in the British market and in the Branded Products segment. STADA achieved control upon conclusion of the contract on February 5, 2016. The purchase price amount to GBP 3.4 million and was paid completely in cash or cash equivalents. In the third quarter of 2016, the Serbian STADA subsidiary Hemofarm A.D. acquired a local product portfolio primarily com- prising medication for the treatment of gastrointestinal disorders in order to strengthen its position in the area of consumer health. The purchase price for the acquisition of the product portfolio including the associated sales structures amounted to a total of € 21.6 million and will be or has already been completely paid in cash or cash equivalents. The acquired business has been consolidated in the STADA Group since August 1, 2016. Furthermore, STADA UK Holdings also took over British branded products company Natures Aid Limited, based in Preston, a well-known manufacturer of vitamins, minerals, food supplements and herbal products, in the fourth quarter of 2016.2) The purchase price amounted to GBP 16.8 million and was completely paid in cash or cash equivalents. As part of the negotiations with the seller of the company, at the same time as the agreed company merger, Natures Aid acquired the building belonging to the production location as well as the associated site for a purchase price of GBP 1.7 million. The purchase price was paid by the company in full in cash. STADA achieved control upon conclusion of the contract on November 21, 2016, and consolidated Natures Aid Limited in the consolidated financial statements at this time. Continuation of STADA’s focused acquisition policy In the current financial year 2017, the Group intends to continue its focused acquisition policy. 1) See the Company’s press release of December 10, 2015. 2) See the Company’s press release of November 21, 2016. Group Management Report of the Executive Board51 Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations | Net Assets Development of the Balance Sheet Balance sheet (abridged) Assets Non-current assets Intangible assets Property, plant and equipment Remaining assets Current assets Inventories Trade accounts receivable Remaining assets Cash and cash equivalents Non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale Total assets Equity and liabilities Equity Non-current borrowed capital Other non-current provisions Financial liabilities Other liabilities Current borrowed capital Other provisions Financial liabilities Trade payables Other liabilities Non-current liabilities and associated liabilities of disposal groups held for sale Total assets Dec. 31, 2016 in € 000s Dec. 31, 2016 in % Dec. 31, 2015 in € 000s Dec. 31, 2015 in % 1,949,543 1,582,361 322,715 44,467 1,490,901 484,904 489,071 81,386 352,580 82,960 3,440,444 56.7% 46.0% 9.4% 1.3% 43.3% 14.1% 14.2% 2.4% 10.2% 2.4% 100% 2,032,309 1,649,020 321,617 61,672 1,255,106 501,520 485,901 124,507 143,178 – 3,287,415 61.8% 50.2% 9.8% 1.8% 38.2% 15.2% 14.8% 3.8% 4.4% – 100% Dec. 31, 2016 in € 000s Dec. 31, 2016 in % Dec. 31, 2015 in € 000s Dec. 31, 2015 in % 1,047,105 1,493,712 35,997 1,336,414 121,301 899,627 20,273 134,343 336,844 393,589 14,578 3,440,444 30.4% 43.4% 1.0% 38.9% 3.5% 26.2% 0.6% 3.9% 9.8% 11.5% 0.4% 100% 1,018,530 1,282,577 28,869 1,084,213 169,495 986,308 22,532 274,672 328,487 360,617 – 3,287,415 31.0% 39.0% 0.9% 33.0% 5.1% 30.0% 0.7% 8.4% 10.0% 10.9% – 100% The net assets of the STADA Group recorded positive development in the financial year 2016. This was reflected in particular in various derived key figures. Net debt reduced to € 1,118.2 million as of December 31, 2016 (December 31, 2015: € 1,215.7 million). The net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio improved to 2.8 in the reporting year (previous year: 3.1). As of the reporting date, the equity-to-assets ratio was 30.4% (December 31, 2015: 31.0%) and was satisfactory in the opinion of the Executive Board as a result. Total assets increased as of December 31, 2016 to € 3,440.4 million (December 31, 2015: € 3,287.4 million). The increase was attributable, among other things, to the assumption of further promissary note loans in the total amount of € 350 million. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Economic Position 52 Intangible assets decreased by € 66.6 million to € 1,582.4 million as of December 31, 2016 (December 31, 2015: € 1,649.0 mil- lion). The decrease primarily resulted from amortization, impairments and reclassifications to non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5. In addition, there were high currency effects resulting from the appreciation of the Russian ruble and the depreciation of the British pound. As of December 31, 2016, intangible assets included goodwill in the amount of € 404.6 million (December 31, 2015: € 391.6 mil- lion). There were additions to intangible assets from business combinations in accordance to IFRS 3 – without considering amortization – in the amount of € 49.0 million. Of this, € 18.8 million was attributable to the acquisition of Serbian product portfolio to strengthen the position in the consumer health area, € 11.5 million to the purchase of the Argentinean Laboratorio Vannier S.A. as well as € 3.5 million and € 17.4 million from the purchase of the British BSMW Limited and Natures Aid Limited. In addition, in financial year 2016 development costs in the amount of € 31.0 million were capitalized as internally created intangible assets (December 31, 2015: € 27.5 million). In 2016, STADA recognized impairments on intangible assets in the total amount of € 61.8 million (previous year: € 32.9 million). Property, plant and equipment increased to € 322.7 million as of December 31, 2016 (December 31, 2015: € 321.6 million). This increase mainly resulted from investments in production facilities in the Serbian subgroup. Inventories decreased as of December 31, 2016 by € 16.6 million to € 484.9 million (December 31, 2015: € 501.5 million). This development was primarily based on reclassifications to non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5 related to two subsidiaries in Asia. In specific situations STADA puts – following the principle of market proximity – certain range considerations deliberately aside in favor of possible operating opportunities. In individual cases this – if the utilization of opportunities cannot be realized as expected – can lead to value allowances for inventories which burden earnings. Total burdens in the amount of € 28.2 million as of December 31, 2016 were incurred due to value allowances in inventories offset with reversals (December 31, 2015: € 36.5 million). Trade accounts receivable increased to € 489.1 million as of the reporting date (December 31, 2015: € 485.9 million). Alongside gains in the context of business combinations, this development resulted, among other things, from reporting date effects as well as translation effects in the context of converting financial statements of foreign subsidiaries with a reporting currency other than the Group currency euro, particularly for companies accounting in Russian ruble, which also recorded an increase in this item. In contrast, trade accounts receivable decreased as a result of the reclassification to non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5 related to two subsidiaries in Asia. In certain market situations, the Group accepts, if necessary, higher current trade receivables, if this leads to opportunities for a better market position. In terms of its receivables management, STADA pays thorough attention to the liquidity of customers as a rule. However, defaults can never be entirely ruled out (see “Opportunities and Risk Report”). Remaining assets contain various items including, among other things, financial assets, shares in associates, deferred tax assets and other financial assets. Financial assets increased as of December 31, 2016 to € 2.2 million (December 31, 2015: € 1.3 million). This development was primarily based on a capital increases in non-consolidated Group companies in connection with the purchase of two sub- sidiaries. Investments measured at equity increased as of the reporting date to € 13.9 million (December 31, 2015: € 13.2 million). The increase of this balance sheet item was mainly based on the contribution to earnings of associates in financial year 2016. Deferred tax assets decreased as of December 31, 2016 by € 13.3 million to € 20.8 million (December 31, 2015: € 34.1 million). The decrease primarily resulted from netting with deferred tax liabilities as well as the utilization of tax loss carryforwards for which deferred active tax assets were accounted for in the past. Group Management Report of the Executive Board53 Other financial assets in the amount of € 44.3 million (December 31, 2015: € 83.0 million) include purchase price receivables. This item also comprises the positive market values from derivative financial instruments amounting to € 9.9 million as of the reporting date (December 31, 2015: € 27.5 million) and mainly resulted from cross-currency swaps. The reduction of income tax receivables as of December 31, 2016 to € 12.8 million (December 31, 2015: € 21.2 million) was primarily a result of payments received from the reimbursement of tax prepayments in Germany. Cash and cash equivalents, including cash and call deposits as well as current financial investments, increased as of December 31, 2016 to € 352.6 million (December 31, 2015: € 143.2 million). This development was based on both positive cash flow devel opment and on effects related to the reporting date. Further details on the development of cash and cash equivalents can be found in the consolidated cash flow statement. As of December 31, 2016, € 83.0 million in assets held for sale as part of a disposal group and € 14.6 million in related liabilities were reported in separate line items in the balance sheet of the STADA Group. The disposal group comprises two Asian subsidiaries expected to be sold in financial year 2017. As the carrying amount of the disposal group was below fair value less costs to sell on December 31, 2016, no impairment loss was recorded. As of December 31, 2016, equity recorded an increase of € 1,047.1 million (December 31, 2015: € 1,018.5 million). In the previous year, the Group had recorded proceeds from capital increases from the conversion of STADA warrants in the first half of 2015 in the amount of € 28.2 million, the exercise period of which expired at the end of June 26, 2015. Retained earnings including net income comprise net income for the financial year as well as earnings generated in previous periods, provided these were not distributed, including amounts transferred to retained earnings. In addition, revaluations of net debt from defined benefit plans that were recognized directly in equity are reported under this item, taking deferred tax liabilities into account. In the context of the measurement of defined benefit obligations as of December 31, 2016, excluding amounts attributable to minority interest, a net expense in the amount of € 4.8 million recognized in other comprehensive income after deferred taxes resulted from the remeasurement. This was primarily due to the reduction in the discount rate applied to the measurement for various defined benefit plans in the STADA Group as of December 31, 2016 compared with December 31, 2015. Other reserves include results recognized directly in equity. This relates, among other things, to foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the currency translation with no effect on the income of financial statements of companies included in the Group that are reported in the statement of changes in equity under the currency translation reserve. The reduction of other reserves compared with the previous year is primarily composed of the following effects: On the one hand, the devaluation of the British pound sterling since December 31, 2015 led to expenses recognized directly in equity from the currency translation of financial statements of companies reporting in British pound sterling. On the other hand, the appre- ciation of the Russian ruble since December 31, 2015 has resulted in income recognized in equity from the currency translations of financial statements of companies reporting in the respective currency, which only partially compensated for the previously described expenses. Financial liabilities were at € 1,470.8 million as of December 31, 2016 (December 31, 2015: € 1,358.9 million). The item includes, in particular, promissory note loans with a nominal value in the amount of € 709.0 million (December 31, 2015: € 547.0 million), a bond with a nominal value in the amount of € 350.0 million and a bond with a nominal value of € 300.0 million (December 31, 2015: a bond with a nominal value in the amount of € 350.0 million and a bond with nominal value of € 300.0 million). The increase in financial liabilities was based on the securing of additional promissory note loans in the total amount of € 350.0 mil- lion to be used for the refinancing of the promissory note loans that expired in financial year 2016 in the total amount of € 188.0 million. Trade payables increased as of the reporting date of December 31, 2016 by € 8.3 million to € 336.8 million (December 31, 2015: € 328.5 million). This development was primarily a result of effects relating to the balance sheet date, in particular those in connection with accruals for outstanding invoices. In addition, there was an increase in comparison to the previous year result- ing from business combinations recorded in financial year 2016 in accordance to IFRS 3. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Economic Position 54 Remaining liabilities include deferred tax liabilities, other financial liabilities, other liabilities and income tax liabilities. Deferred tax liabilities decreased as of December 31, 2016 to € 116.4 million (December 31, 2015: € 160.2 million). This devel- opment was a result, in particular, of a change in the tax rate in the United Kingdom as well as impairments to assets from business combinations, leading to a reduction in temporary differences. Other financial liabilities in the amount of € 217.9 million (December 31, 2015: € 226.0 million) include, among other things, finance lease liabilities and liabilities from derivative financial instruments. The finance lease liabilities amounted to € 3.3 mil- lion as of December 31, 2016 (December 31, 2015: € 2.2 million). The liabilities from derivative financial instruments amounted to € 11.9 million on the reporting date (December 31, 2015: € 4.6 million), and resulted from the negative market values of derivatives measured at fair value through profit or loss. Other financial liabilities decreased in comparison to the previous year mainly due to decreased liabilities from discount agreements of German STADA companies. Other financial liabilities as of December 31, 2016 showed an increase of € 119.9 million (December 31, 2015: € 104.4 million), which was mainly attributable to increased personnel-related liabilities. Income tax liabilities increased as of the reporting date by € 21.2 million to € 60.6 million (previous year: € 39.4 million). This development was primarily due to the fact that no final assessments exist for previous financial years. Group Management Report of the Executive Board55 Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations | General Statements of the Executive Board on the Course of Business in 2016 In the context of the revised corporate strategy, the Group was able to drive forward significant changes in financial year 2016. Overall, the outlook published at the beginning of the year was slightly exceeded. Group sales adjusted for currency and portfolio effects increased by 3% to € 2,167.2 million (previous year: € 2,100.4 million) (see “Report on Economic Position – Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Results of Operations – Sales Development of the Group”). EBITDA adjusted for influences distorting the year-on-year comparison from special items increased by 2% to € 398.0 million (previous year: € 389.4 million) (see “Report on Economic Position – Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Results of Operations – Earnings Development of the Group”). Net income adjusted for influences distorting the year-on-year comparison from special items recorded growth of 7% to € 177.3 million (previous year: € 165.8 million) (see “Report on Economic Position – Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Results of Operations – Earnings Development of the Group”). The net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio improved to 2.8 (previous year: 3.1) (see “Report on Economic Position – Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Net Assets”). Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Economic Position 56 REPORT ON POST-BALANCE SHEET EVENTS This report on post-balance sheet date events includes events that occurred between the end of financial year 2016 and the date of the signing of the Group Management Report and the Consolidated Financial Statements for 2016 and which have a significant, or possibly significant effect on the net assets, financial position and results of operations of the STADA Group. These were as follows: • On January 23, 2017, the Supervisory Board announced the appointment of Dr. Barthold Piening as a full Member of the STADA Executive Board with effect from April 1, 2017.1) He will assume Executive Board responsibility for Production, Research and Development, Biotechnology as well as Quality Assurance and Control. 1) See the Company’s Investor News of January 23, 2017. Group Management Report of the Executive BoardGroup Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Post-balance Sheet Date Events | Report on Expected Developments 57 REPORT ON EXPECTED DEVELOPMENTS Business model with long-term growth potential The business model of STADA will continue to be oriented towards the health care and pharmaceutical market, i.e. towards one of the global growth industries. The Group will continue to concentrate on the development and marketing of products with active ingredients that are free of commercial property rights, particularly patents. Despite the further orientation towards areas with long-term growth potential, sales and earnings development in financial year 2017 will be subject to different and partially opposing influence factors, as the economic, regulatory and competitive conditions can vary from year to year in the different countries. In terms of opportunities management, the Executive Board expects to be able to generate further growth in the future. Comprehensive opportunities management for the use of existing growth opportunities With its comprehensive opportunities management, considered by the STADA Group as an ongoing entrepreneurial task, the Group secures and improves existing opportunities and creates new possibilities. STADA management intensively monitors the markets and competitors at all levels and as a result can not only identify and analyze trends, requirements and opportunities in the often fragmented markets, but can also plan its actions accordingly. Furthermore, the individual corporate areas purposefully share their knowledge and experience in order to identify and use additional opportunities and synergies. On the basis of the continuous implementation of the revised corporate strategy and the strategic success factors of the Group, the management takes advantage of opportunities for the optimum use of existing growth potentials. As part of its successful product development and active acquisition policy, STADA will continuously expand the Group port- folio in both the Generics and Branded Products segments with value-adding acquisitions. Within Generics, a segment that will remain part of STADA’s core business in the future, promising growth opportunities exist in the expansion in markets with relatively low penetration rates in particular. In addition, STADA is also investing in selected biosimilars together with cooper- ation partners in order to supplement the portfolio. In the Branded Products segment, alongside expansion, the Group is targeting the increasing internationalization of successful brands. Innovative marketing concepts are to be used in this context. STADA also intends to take advantage of additional growth opportunities in niche and non-regulated markets through the introduction of innovative products. In order to be able to optimally sell the products from the Group portfolio, adapted to the different regulatory and competitive conditions in the individual markets, STADA will gradually expand its international sales network. With a view to further growth, the functional reporting structures with short decision making channels and, at the same time, strong regional market presence will remain a high priority. A changed corporate structure with clear areas of responsibility and greater transparency as well as a re-positioned corporate culture with an increased focus on entrepreneurship, extensive knowledge sharing and an open dialog will be particularly important. Employees represent another key opportunity, since they will continue to have a significant share in the sustainable success of the Group in the future with their extensive expertise and their strong commitment. Numerous initiatives to improve performance will also play a key role in making use of existing growth opportunities. Alongside the leveraging of untapped sales potentials, this also includes the optimization of marketing costs, the increasing of sales efficiency and the reduction of cost of sales. 58 Challenges and risks In addition to the challenges and risks already presented, the Group also faces operating challenges and risks that, from the Executive Board’s perspective, result from structures and mechanisms of the market segments and are relevant for the development of the Group (see “Report on Economic Position – Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Results of Operations – Sales Development of the Generics and Branded Products Segments” as well as “Opportunities and Risk Report”). As they are, to a large extent, inextricably associated with structural growth opportunities, they will however continue to be unavoidable in the future in order to optimally use these growth potentials. In addition, STADA will continue to be faced with non-operational challenges and risks. Despite the fact that STADA is active in the health care market and this is relatively independent of the economy, in future the Group will continue to be faced with specific impacts of global economic conditions. A key issue here is the development of the currency relations relevant for the Group – particularly those of the Russian ruble, the Ukrainian hryvnia, the Kazakhstani tenge and the British pound sterling to the euro. Furthermore, STADA will continue to be exposed to the effects of the ongoing CIS crisis. The Group certainly continues to prepare itself, within the realms of possibility, for potential risks in this regard, such as a significantly increased default risk of business partners, subsidies to crisis-prone competitors that distort competition or strong volatility in interest rate levels and currency relations that are relevant for the Group. However, in view of the effects of the CIS crisis and the resulting burdens such as special items from impairment losses on intangible assets and property, plant and equipment, payment defaults, non- operational burdens on earnings from currency influences – in particular from the devaluation of the Russian ruble, the Ukrainian hryvnia and the Kazakhstani tenge – as well as curbed or further decreasing demand in the Russian pharmaceuticals market cannot be ruled out. With regard to the current sanctions against Russia, however, STADA does not see any significant direct effects on the Group’s business activities from today’s perspective. The outlook for the development of the British pound sterling is negative as a result of the United Kingdom’s referendum decision in the second quarter of 2016 to leave the European Union and the associated uncertainties. Overall, such a devaluation of the British pound sterling compared with the euro will result in negative translation effects for STADA. The British companies are fully integrated subsidiaries, whose transactions are primarily made in local currency. Overall, the assets of these companies, whose transaction currency is not the pound sterling, currently exceed the corresponding liabilities, meaning that STADA presently does not expect any significant negative translation effects from the devaluation of the pound sterling. From today’s perspective, STADA does not anticipate any substantial currency effects for the income statement as a result of this possible currency development. It is very difficult to provide a prognosis on the possible macroeconomic effects of Brexit since this is an unprecedented event. In general, a decrease in investments and corresponding slower growth is to be expected. The develop- ments and potential effects on the business model of STADA in the United Kingdom will be monitored continuously as a result. Overall, the Executive Board does not currently see any challenges or risks that would jeopardize the existence of the Group. Overall economic outlook For 2017, the IMF expects a moderate increase in economic activity with a rise in global economic growth to 3.4%.1) 1) Source: International Monetary Fund: World Economic Outlook January 2017. Group Management Report of the Executive BoardThe following table shows the economic forecast for the most important markets for STADA. The countries are sorted in descending order of sales achieved by STADA in 2016. 59 Germany1) Russia1) Italy1) United Kingdom1) Spain1) Vietnam2) Belgium2) France1) Serbia2) Prognosis growth rates (GDP) 2017 in % 1.5 1.1 0.7 1.5 2.3 6.2 1.4 1.3 2.8 For Germany, the IMF expects growth for 2017, albeit slightly weaker growth than the previous year. Russia may have reached its lowest point and may return to moderate growth. The outlook for the United Kingdom indicates a weakening of the economy. The possible consequences of Brexit remain difficult to estimate, as both the final date and details regarding concrete implementation of the exit from the European Union are under dicussion. Italy, Belgium and France are expected to remain at a low level of growth. The outlook for Spain has been weakened, although the growth forecast is still very good in comparison with the rest of Europe. The outlook for Vietnam remains high and a continuation of the positive growth trend is also expected in Serbia. Sector-specific outlook In the context of general growth drivers such as the global population increase, an aging society in industrialized nations and further medical progress, numerous health care and pharmaceutical markets will continue to offer high and relatively market-independent growth opportunities in future. Within the pharmaceutical market, generics in particular is characterized by further growth potentials, as generics represents a lower-cost alternative to the usually significantly more expensive original products and as a result counteract the significant price pressure in the individual health care markets. Furthermore, additional growth opportunities result from the continuous expiration of patents and other commercial property rights. Within generics, biosimilars, among other things, have increasing growth opportunities, as they can make a significant contribution towards cost reduction as a result of the cost intensity of biopharmaceuticals. In light of these potentials, according to forecasts, sales in the global pharmaceutical market will increase by 5% to 7% per year until 2021.3) For the international generics market, QuintilesIMS forecasts annual growth of up to 8.0%3) up to 2021. It should, however, be taken into account that the actual growth rates of reported sales in markets where significant discounts must be granted will be substantially below gross sales generally recorded by the market research institutions before discounts. In terms of the sales volume for active pharmaceutical ingredients becoming available for generics competition between 2017 and 2020 in the largest pharmaceutical markets by sales in Europe – Germany, France, Italy, the United Kingdom and Spain – which, according to market research figures, amounts to more than € 11.9 billion, the STADA Executive Board continues to expect further growth potentials in the EU generics market.4) 1) Source: International Monetary Fund: World Economic Outlook January 2017. 2) Source: International Monetary Fund: World Economic Outlook October 2016. 3) QuintilesIMS Syndicated Analytics Service; prepared for STADA February 2017. 4) STADA estimate of sales volumes in 2016 at ex-factory prices for active pharmaceutical ingredients for which STADA from today’s perspective expects the patents or other commercial property rights relevant for generics competition to expire by 2020, based on data provided by various international market research institutes. STADA’s expectations as to the date of availability of active pharmaceutical ingredients for generics competition are continuously being reviewed from a legal perspective and may in the future significantly differ from today’s expectations (as of March 1, 2017) as expressed in this data. The actual sales volumes becoming available for generics competition at the respective dates are subject to fluctuations as a result of changing market success, legal circumstances or market structures, among other factors. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Expected Developments 60 This assumption is supported by estimates from QuintilesIMS as well, according to which annual generics growth in the EU (EU 28) amounts to an average of 3.9%1) from 2017 to 2019. For selected markets in Eastern Europe2), QuintilesIMS expects annual average generics growth of 6.8%1) from 2017 until 2021. The Russian generics market as a result is to grow by an average of 6.0%1) annually between 2017 and 2021. In the context of regulatory conditions, STADA does not expect any significant changes in financial year 2017 that could have a considerable impact on the business development of the Group in the markets in which the Company is active. In light of the previously discussed significant potential contribution towards containing costs, analysts estimate the share of biosimilars on the global biologics market to be between 4% and 10% in 2020. This would represent a market value of USD 5 bil- lion to 19 billion.3) According to data from QuintilesIMS, annual growth rates of the global OTC market will be up to 6.3% by 2021.1) The forecast for the European OTC market are at up to 3.0%1) according to experts. Basis of the prognosis The outlook for financial year 2017 was made taking into account the events known when this annual report was prepared. It is also based on the details of the overall economic outlook and the industry-specific outlook. Additionally, it uses the following assumptions: • Predominantly unchanged regulatory conditions in the markets most relevant for STADA, not including the regulatory changes and market assessments known at the time the forecast was prepared • Optimization of procurement prices for primary materials • The continued possibility of immediately launching new products upon patent expiration • Largely unchanged tax situation in the countries where STADA is active with Group companies • Application of forward rates at the time the forecast was prepared for the conversion of currencies other than the Group currency euro Summarizing outlook In view of the general and generics-specific growth drivers in the health care and pharmaceutical industry, STADA’s business model is principally oriented towards markets with long-term growth potentials. Inseparably linked to this, however, are operating risks and challenges based in particular on changed or additional state regulation and/or intensive competition. In addition, in the future the Group will continue to be faced with non-operational influence factors such as negative Group-relevant currency relations, the effects of the ongoing CIS crisis or the potentially negative macroeconomic consequences of the decision of the United Kingdom to leave the European Union. In general, the Group’s future sales and earnings development will be characterized by growth-stimulating and challenging conditions. In light of the changed corporate structure and repositioned corporate culture, the implementation of the numerous initiatives as part of the revised corporate strategy as well as the strategic success factors, however the positive prospects are expected to prevail. 1) QuintilesIMS Syndicated Analytics Service; prepared for STADA February 2017. 2) Russia, Serbia, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, Bosnia-Herzegovina. 3) Source: Pharmazeutische Zeitung, Online Issue 21/2016. Group Management Report of the Executive Board61 For financial year 2017, the Executive Board expects Group sales of between € 2.280 billion and € 2.350 billion, adjusted for currency and portfolio effects with an adjusted EBITDA between € 430 million and € 450 million and adjusted net income between € 195 and € 205 million. It expects the ratio of net debt excluding further acquisitions to adjusted EBITDA to be at a level of nearly 3. In the reporting year, the Executive Board approved medium-term growth targets.1) In the current first quarter of 2017, the Executive Board increased the strategic outlook for 2019.2) In accordance with this outlook, adjusted Group sales of between € 2.650 billion and € 2.700 billion are to be achieved in financial year 2019 (previously around € 2.6 billion). In terms of adjusted EBITDA, the Executive Board expects a range between € 570 million and € 590 million (previously around € 510 million). Ad- justed net income is to increase to between € 250 million and € 270 million (previously around € 250 million). The adjusted EBITDA margin is to be nearly 22%. Cash flow from operating activities is to improve to between € 560 million and € 580 million. The increase in the medium-term growth targets for 2019 is a reflection of the interim results from the “STADA Plus” program to improve performance that was introduced in the summer of 2016. Additional value enhancement potentials have also been identified as part of the strategy project that was launched at the beginning of the year. An expanded package of measures has been defined to leverage these. On the sales side, STADA anticipates additional growth through a generally stronger base business in both the generics and brands segments. On the cost side, additional savings potentials have been identified in areas including purchasing, through further optimization in production, as well as in the supply chain area. This is on top of the fact that it has been possible to implement the measures more quickly, which means that they will likely contribute to improved profitability earlier than previously assumed. The medium-term growth targets are also based on the following assumptions: • Organic sales growth in the core segments of Generics and Branded Products • No significant disposals that would impact sales and earnings • Forward projection of current currency relations, the current interest rate levels and largely unchanged tax framework conditions in the countries where STADA has Group companies • Forward projection of current regulatory conditions in markets relevant for STADA 1) See the Company’s ad hoc release of July 11, 2016. 2) See the Company’s ad hoc release of March 17, 2017. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Report on Expected Developments 62 OPPORTUNITIES AND RISK REPORT As an internationally active pharmaceutical company, STADA is part of a global business community and as a result is exposed to a variety of risks in a dynamic market environment. These are mandatory consequences of business activity, as one can only take advantage of opportunities if one is prepared to take risks. As a supplier of pharmaceutical products, STADA is less affected by economic cycles. STADA’s international orientation and the diversification of the Branded Products and Generics segments also reduce the dependence on individual negative developments or events. In addition, long-term experience in the pharmaceutical market provides a solid basis for being able to realistically assess risks and take a targeted approach to growth opportunities. Opportunities management STADA sees opportunities management as an ongoing entrepreneurial task. As part of its opportunities management, STADA improves the existing situation and creates new possibilities. STADA management intensively monitors the markets and competitors at all levels and can use this information to identify and analyze trends, requirements and opportunities in the often-fragmented markets, and plan its actions accordingly. Furthermore, the individual corporate areas hold a targeted exchange of knowledge in order to identify and use additional opportunities and synergies. The opportunities can be found in the Group Management Report of this Annual Report in the chapter “Report on Expected Developments”. Risk management STADA also defines the management of risks as an ongoing task of entrepreneurial activities. The risk strategy is applied in all business segments of the STADA Group and is closely linked with STADA’s corporate strategy, forming the basis of the Executive Board’s continuous risk management system. This system is then integrated into the value-based management and existing organizational structure of the Group. STADA’s risk management system is based on the international risk management system COSO II Enterprise Risk Management – Integrated Framework (2004). The objective of STADA’s risk management system is to ensure across the Group that both business benefits for decision making processes are achieved and that relevant legislation is fully complied with. At the same time, the risk management system is intended to guarantee sufficient security to ensure that STADA’s objectives, particularly financial, operational and strategic objectives, can be reached according to plan. The company-wide standard and integrated approach to the management of risks is intended to ensure the efficiency of Group-wide risk management and make it possible to aggregate risks and provide trans- parent reporting. STADA’s risk strategy is substantiated by risk policy principles. This is to ensure that all risks are fully identified, presented transparently and comparably and are assessed. It obligates those responsible for risks to proactively manage and monitor the risks. The risk policy principles are defined in the risk management guide. The guide also sets out binding methodical and organizational standards for the approach to risks. Group Management Report of the Executive Board63 The fundamental components of the Group-wide risk management system are: 1. the Risk Management department, which is vertically and horizontally integrated in the Company, is responsible for the planning and further development of the risk management system (including the Group-wide establishment of the risk management software “R2C – Risk to Chance”), as well as the methods and procedures used to identify and assess risks and support the local risk confidants; 2. the local risk confidants who identify and assess risks (including measures) and document and update them in the risk management system and who are integrated in all corporate units and subsidiaries throughout the Group. 3. regular queries sent to the responsible risk confidants by the Risk Management department on current topics and the risk situation in the individual areas of the Group. 4. the company-specific risk management guide in which risk management terms, risk policy and the risk management system including the risk management process and responsibilities are defined; 5. Risk reporting at Group and individual-company level. STADA’s Group-wide risk management covers STADA Arzneimittel AG and its Group companies as well as companies in which STADA holds a stake of at least 50%, even if they are not consolidated. Insofar as risks to the Group arise at subsidiaries in which STADA holds a stake of less than 50%, these risks are also recorded in the Group’s risk management system. Only risks are recorded in the risk management system. Opportunities are not recorded in the risk management system along the lines of risks. The identification and evaluation of opportunities takes place in the respective business environments. An overarching, systematic classification regarding the probability and effects of the opportunities is not performed. At STADA, the risk management process comprises the phases of risk identification, risk measurement, risk control, risk monitoring, risk aggregation and risk reporting. Phase 1 Phase 2 Phase 3 Phase 4 Phase 5 Phase 6 Risk identification Risk measurement Risk control Risk monitoring Risk aggregation Risk reporting The closed, ongoing and IT-supported risk management process begins with risk identification (phase 1), in which all individual risks that could have significant negative impacts on STADA’s business model are systematically recorded. These individual risks are identified, on the one hand, via self-assessment of the risk confidants and, on the other hand, via inquiries of the Risk Management department. Risk measurement (phase 2) is carried out following risk identification. The evaluation of individual risks is based on probability and potential impact; the evaluation should consider potential direct damage as well as indirect results caused by individual risks if they arise. As part of risk management (phase 3), possible measures for risk avoidance, reduction, transferring and/or compensation are identified. The measures identified can relate to the cause (preventative) as well as to the effect (reactive). In phases 1 to 3, the Risk Management department ensures the uniform definition of individual risks through plausibility tests and guarantees continuous risk management throughout all departments and countries. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Opportunities and Risk Report64 The risk monitoring (phase 4) ensures that the development of risks as well as the implementation and effectiveness of the identified measures are continuously monitored by the risk confidants, who are supported by the Risk Management department when necessary. Before a risk report is created, the Risk Management department aggregates individual risks with identical or similar causes to increase transparency, following an analysis of the risk causes (phase 5). In the risk report (phase 6), the Risk Management department creates recipient-oriented risk reports on the identified indi vidual risks for the management and Supervisory Board. Significant individual risks and risk aggregates indicated are jointly discussed by the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board and, if required, further measures to counter risks are addressed. In the case of new significant individual risks or risk aggregates, the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board are also immediately informed through ad-hoc reporting, including outside of the quarterly risk reporting. Internal Auditing is responsible for the regular monitoring of the risk management system established by the Executive Board. As part of the monitoring of the Executive Board, the Supervisory Board also looks at the efficiency of the risk management system. In the scope of auditing the annual financial statements, STADA’s auditor also reviews and evaluates whether the early risk detection system, which is integrated in the risk management system, is generally suitable to recognize risks that may jeopardize the continued existence of the Group at an early stage. The relevant period for internal risk reporting is principally 24 months. The assessment of the risks in the Group Management Report principally refers to one year, in line with the forward-looking period. The assessment of the individual risks relates to December 31, 2016. There were no relevant changes after the reporting date that would have required a change in the presen- tation of STADA’s risk situation. However, there is no absolute certainty that risks can be fully identified and managed. Internal control and risk management system for the Group accounting process (report in accordance with Sections 289 (5), 315 (2) No. 5 HGB) The Group-wide internal control and risk management system with regard to the financial reporting process (ICRMS) is a component of STADA’s Group-wide risk management system and aims to ensure the accuracy and effectiveness of the account- ing and financial reporting. STADA ensures the reliability of the accounting processes and the correctness of the financial reporting with a variety of different measures and internal controls. This includes the preparation of separate and consolidated financial statements and management reports that comply with regulations. The ICRMS is constantly developed and is an integral component of the accounting and financial reporting processes in all relevant legal units and central functions. The system contains principles, processes and preventative and disclosing controls. It includes: • Uniform accounting, measurement and account assignment specifications for the entire Group that are continuously examined, updated and regularly communicated, • Supplementary processes instructions, Group-internal reporting formats as well as IT-based coordination processes for Group-internal balances, • Processes ensuring the completeness of financial reporting, • Processes for functional separation, the dual-control principle within the context of the preparation of financial state- ments and for authorization and access regulations for relevant IT accounting systems, • External experts, who are consulted when necessary, for example for purchase price allocation in accordance with IFRS 3. Group Management Report of the Executive Board65 The primary control functions for the most important accounting processes are carried out by the respective plausibility tests integrated in the programs. Outside the software-supported systems, manual plausibility tests and verification of the complete- ness and accuracy of data and calculations are carried out at all Group levels. The vast majority of the separate financial statements of Group companies (included in STADA’s Consolidated Financial Statements) are generally subject to review by the auditor once a year. In addition, the auditor also carries out a review of the half-year reports of the significant consolidated Group companies. Responsibility for the introduction as well as the functionality of the ICRMS rests with the Executive Board of STADA Arznei- mittel AG, who assess its appropriateness and effectiveness at least once every financial year. Its appropriateness and effectiveness are also regularly examined across the Group by Internal Auditing. Furthermore, the Audit Committee of the STADA Supervisory Board regularly monitors the accounting process and the effectiveness of the control system, the risk management system and the internal auditing system as well as the audit on the basis of Section 107 (3) AktG. The ICRMS for the accounting process cannot, however, offer any absolute security that false statements are not made in accounting. Business-related risks Risks that could have a significant influence on the net assets, financial position and results of operations of the STADA Group are described below. Risks are reported in the form of net risks, i.e. risks including the measures taken to manage the risk, and by the individual segments. If no segment is explicitly referenced, the described risks affect both the Branded Products and Generics segments. As yet unknown risks and those that have been assessed as insignificant could also influence net assets, financial position and results of operations. Industry risks, regulatory and economic risks a) Industry risks STADA is subject to the constantly changing market conditions in the individual national markets. In terms of competition, the risks exist on the basis of strong competition in particular in terms of pricing, range of products and services as well as supply and discount conditions of existing and new competitors. In terms of demand, there is also the risk of a potential increase in purchasing power of individual customer groups such as doctors, pharmacists, patients, health insurance organizations, buying groups, pharmacy chains, wholesalers or mail-order companies. Such developments could weaken STADA’s competitive position, for example through the (partial) loss of newly planned tenders or through a (partial) loss of previously won tenders, and consequently result in a loss in sales or earnings. However, STADA principally takes advantage of opportunities arising in individual markets or individual products or product groups and is also willing to accept, if necessary, temporary losses, for example, in national markets with major potential for growth or to maintain or expand its market position. Overall, STADA tries to counteract industry risks through a diversification of brands and products. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Opportunities and Risk Report66 b) Regulatory risks The national markets in which STADA is active are characterized by a large number of regulations. The changing, lifting or passing of new regulations could have significant economic and strategic impacts on STADA and the economic success of individual products or investments. Regulations at a national or supranational level are highly significant if, for example, they affect the market structure, pricing, reimbursement or approvals of pharmaceutical products. This can mean that as a result of national regulations, the prices of pharmaceutical products are regulated directly (for example through statutory price reduc- tions) or indirectly (for example through reference prices, mandatory discounts, terms concerning discounts, reduction or exclusion of cost reimbursement). Furthermore, direct costs for the fulfillment of requirements (e.g. during approval) or increased indirect costs (e.g. through evasive action by competitors or consumers) can be incurred. This can reduce the profitability of individual products in the affected countries and prevent the market launch of a product in individual cases. STADA assumes that the extent of price regulation and pricing pressure will remain, primarily in the Generics segment. STADA counters these risks, among other things, through a targeted expansion of the product portfolio in less regulated areas. Exact predictions concerning potential changes in national or supranational regulations as well as their effects on STADA’s business activities are not possible since the introduction and scope of such regulations depend on the political process of the country in question or on court decisions. The consequences are influenced to a large degree by the reactions of the market participants affected. Changes in the regulatory environment in STADA’s main markets by sales volume are continuously analyzed. Depending on the extent of state regulation, it could become necessary to adjust the business model. c) Economic risks STADA’s business success is, among other things, dependent on economic influences, as an economic downturn often results in a reduction in purchasing power in the affected market. A reduction in purchasing power can particularly cause a reluctance to buy in the area of Branded Products - primarily a self-pay market. Furthermore, an economic downturn can increase the already prevalent cost pressure in the individual national health care systems. It could subsequently potentially significantly increase the speed and extent of regional regulatory measures to contain costs. As a result, adverse characteristics for STADA such as state-required price reductions, particularly for prescription drugs, cannot be ruled out. In general, STADA is con- tinuously working to counteract potential risks through performance increases or cost reductions. Since the beginning of the conflict between Russia and Ukraine in 2014, the development of STADA in the Russian market and the former CIS markets has been burdened by this conflict. In financial year 2016, this had a negative impact on STADA due to a reluctance to buy among Russian consumers and wholesalers. In the MENA region, the continued unrest had a negative impact on export business. It is currently unclear how long the political upheaval will last. If these crises continue, this could have further negative impacts on the results of operations and financial position of the STADA Group. Furthermore, in the referendum of June 23, 2016, voters in the United Kingdom voted in favor of the United Kingdom leaving the European Union (“Brexit”). The negotiations on the conditions of the exit have not yet begun. The economy of the United Kingdom is currently very robust. There is the risk that an economic downturn will occur during the course of or following negotiations, potentially increasing cost pressure in the health care system and, for example, result in price reduction measures. Furthermore, an economic downturn could result in a reluctance to buy among consumers in the self-pay market. Group Management Report of the Executive Board67 Product portfolio risks The continuous expansion of the product portfolio plays an essential role for the competitive position and business success at STADA. Associated with this is the risk that products to be added to the product portfolio either cannot be launched on the market, are launched belatedly or only launched at higher development and production costs than originally assumed due to unexpected events or faulty implementation. Reasons for this can include additional requirements of approval authorities, direct government price controls or additional approvals for reimbursement via the relevant national health system. The risks of development and approval processes for new products are continuously identified and evaluated. Furthermore, in the Generics segment in particular, a significant factor in the development and approval of each product is the meticulous observance of relevant legislation such as commercial property rights. This involves the risk that an individual regulation is violated despite careful investigation of the legal situation and the introduction of a new product is delayed or even hindered. This also applies retrospectively for products already introduced to the market. There is also the risk that, despite intensive investigation, potential side effects or quality defects in products are not uncovered until after approval or that new scientific findings and evaluations lead to a market recall and corresponding legal proceedings. Legal risks STADA’s business activities are subject to risks resulting from existing or potential future legal disputes. Risks that occur in relation to legal disputes are identified, evaluated and communicated on a continuous basis. In the Generics core segment in particular, STADA’s business activities are associated with an increased risk of legal disputes regarding commercial property rights (particularly patents and supplementary protection certificates), product liability, warranty obligations, breaches of duty of care as well as the allegations of violations of company or trade confidentiality. In order to protect trade and business secrets deemed as confidential, STADA makes use of confidentiality agreements with employees, external cooperation partners, service providers or other contractual partners. As a consequence of these legal disputes, in particular in the cases of such processes in the USA, damage claims, legal fees, a complete or temporary ban on the marketing of products or costs for recalls may be incurred, irrespective of whether a damage claim ultimately exists. Furthermore, it may be difficult for STADA to enforce its own claims under the law of a country where STADA undertakes business at affordable costs and without any materially adverse effects on business in this country. If, contrary to expectations, it turns out that this is not a case in a country, this can have significant negative impacts on the Group as a whole. Moreover, STADA’s business activity in the individual national markets is subject to the applicable national or supranational legal tax regulations. Changes to the tax laws and their jurisdiction as well as different interpretations as part of external audit can result in risks with impacts on tax expenses, tax revenues, tax receivables and tax liabilities. The Group tax department identifies, evaluates and monitors tax risks as early as possible and systematically and initiates measures to reduce risk, where appropriate. If there is a serious risk of future damage claims, STADA creates case-specific provisions for potential damage claims. However, STADA currently does not expect any negative effects on the net assets, financial position and results of operations from pending processes. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Opportunities and Risk Report68 Operational risks a) Corporate strategy risks STADA’s corporate strategy is mainly focused on growth and internationalization in the pharmaceutical market in the Generics and Branded Products segments. STADA’s growth strategy is associated with the risk that companies, products or other assets acquired in the past or in the future may only be able to be integrated with high integration costs or that intended synergy effects cannot be achieved at the desired level. Furthermore, acquired companies or products may not achieve the expected results on the market, as markets or market segments focused on by STADA may develop differently than expected. Although STADA undertakes every effort to minimize these risks through careful analyses, any of the above circumstances can result in necessities for impairments to intangible assets. b) Performance-related risks The Group’s own production facilities (including product development and logistics) are subject to the risk of defective or in- efficient planning and production processes as well as to production faults or breakdowns as a result of this or external influence. As hazardous substances are regularly used within this process, such faults can also damage employees’ and third parties’ health or result in environmental damage. This could have a materially adverse effect on costs, competitiveness, supply availability and the associated expectations regarding units sold, sales and earnings as well as the image with clients. STADA’s supply availability can also be negatively influenced through the supply unavailability or insolvency of a supplier (see also default risk), as the change in a supplier is generally associated with delays. STADA restricts this risk by partially using more than one resource supply (dual sourcing). In the Generics segment, individual national markets are increasingly characterized by very large volume fluctuations that regularly arise in the context of tenders by governmental institutions or public health insurance organizations. Although STADA undertakes every effort to avoid delivery bottlenecks or an unintentional increase in inventories, this cannot be ruled out in consideration of the comprehensive portfolio. STADA is also dependent on global developments with respect to purchase prices for active ingredients or auxiliary materials required as well as on the prices negotiated with contract manufacturers in the case of products produced by these companies; these prices may fluctuate significantly, also depending on the product. To limit the risk of market-related margin losses due to falling selling prices, STADA partly makes use of instruments with suppliers that involve them in the market price risk such as price escalation clauses linking procurement prices to current selling prices, retroactive negotiations or the agreement of special procurement prices for special sales volumes, in the context of tenders, for example. However, it cannot be ruled out that procurement cost increases and/or supply shortages in the case of individual products will have materially adverse effects on the Group’s sales and/or profit margins. c) Human resources risks STADA depends to a large extent on the commitment, motivation and abilities of its employees. The loss of specialists and managers as well as an ongoing search for re-appointments in key positions could have significant adverse effects on the development of the Group. STADA’s continued success also depends on its ability, in competition with other companies, to attract and retain qualified employees in the future for the long term regardless of demographic challenges. Country, industry and business-specific fluctuation risks must be proactively identified and addressed specifically to maintain and achieve success Group Management Report of the Executive Board69 and critical skills and competencies within the company. STADA counters these risks through global staff development and succession processes through which the potential of employees is systematically identified and promoted. These processes support both young professionals and experienced highly qualified employees in their professional development and to help STADA to develop, promote and retain performance-critical skills in the company. d) Compliance risks It is STADA’s expressed objective that all business activities are carried out exclusively within the framework of the respective laws and internal guidelines. STADA has therefore implemented a Group-wide compliance system, in which all employees are regularly informed about existing compliance guidelines at STADA, adapted to their individual area of responsibility. STADA believes that the compliance system is sufficient provision for the compliance with, and observance of, national and international regulations. Training courses and compliance guidelines cannot, however, fully guarantee that employees do not accidentally, negligently or deliberately breach laws or internal guidelines. Such breaches can disturb internal business processes and negatively influence the financial position. e) Risks in relation to information technology STADA’s strategic goals can only be achieved through optimal alignment and appropriate support using a variety of IT systems and processes. Therefore, the Group has to make continuous investments to appropriately adapt these complex and high- performing systems to changing business processes. Global IT applications consequently form the basis for the delivery of products to the global customers of the STADA Group as agreed upon. Inefficiencies in the IT processes in the Group, the failure of business-critical IT applications as well as the failure of a data center could have a direct impact on STADA’s supply availability. In addition, all IT systems used in the STADA Group could principally be affected by misuse of digital technologies as a means to perpetrate new types of crime, so-called cybercrime (e-crime), that alongside the manipulation or failure of the affected IT systems could also result in the transfer of confidential information to third parties or a revocation of pharmaceutical approval due to the deficient validation of relevant IT systems. To reduce the risk of failure and to protect against cybercrime, STADA operates a quality management system for IT and re dundantly designed data centers. Financial risks To the extent that it is possible, STADA counters financial risks with finance policy methods and specific risk management. The basic principles of financial policy and of financial risk management are determined or confirmed at least once annually by the Executive Board in the context of the budget process. Furthermore, all transactions above a certain limit determined to be relevant by the Executive Board must first be approved by the Executive Board. The Executive Board is also regularly informed of the nature, scope and amount of current risks. a) Liquidity risks Liquidity risks may result, for example, from the loss of existing cash items, lack of availability of credit, reduced access to financing markets or fluctuation in the operational course of business. The objective of the liquidity management is to ensure solvency and financial flexibility of the STADA Group at all times by way of maintaining a sufficient supply of liquidity reserves and having free credit lines. STADA finances itself with short-term and long-term borrowings from banks, promissory note loans, bonds and factoring. Furthermore, STADA has solid operating cash flow and further bilateral credit contracts with various banks (credit lines) that can be utilized as needed. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Opportunities and Risk Report70 b) Currency risks Due to the international alignment of business activities, STADA is subject to risks arising from exchange rate fluctuations. These particularly result from fluctuations of the US dollar, Russian ruble, British pound sterling and the Serbian dinar in relation to the euro. A currency risk consists of potential changes in value, especially of receivables and liabilities in a currency other than the respective functional currency or as a result of exchange rate fluctuation (transaction risk). However, STADA is only subject to this risk to a limited extent, as the company counters risks from currency related fluctuations, alongside natural hedges, through the use of derivative financial instruments. These are used to hedge currency risks from operating activities, financial transactions and investments. In the reporting year, STADA made use of foreign-exchange futures contracts and interest / currency swaps. The maturity dates of futures contracts are thereby selected to match the Company’s anticipated cash flows. The remaining term of the contracts is currently up to one year. Furthermore, currency risks also exist in relation to the conversion of the balance sheet items as well as the conversion of earnings and expenses of international Group companies outside of the euro zone (translation risk). In this connection, the current political conflict between Ukraine and the Russian Federation, as well as negotiations between the United Kingdom and the EU over “Brexit”, could indirectly continue to have a negative influence on the earnings situation and exchange rates. A currency sensitivity analysis on the basis of the outstanding foreign currency items as of December 31, 2016 showed that in financial year 2016, an appreciation or devaluation of the functional currency compared with the ruble by 10% with otherwise unchanged conditions changed the EBITDA by approx. € 1.8 million (previous year: € 1.3 million) (translation risk). At the same time, an appreciation or devaluation of the functional currency in relation to the British pound sterling of 10% with otherwise unchanged conditions would lead to a change in EBITDA of approx. € 0.6 million (previous year: € 1.0 million) (translation risk). c) Interest rate risks STADA is subject to interest rate risks from financial assets and financial debts, primarily in the euro zone and Russia. STADA calculates existing interest rate risks with sensitivity analyses that show the effects of changes in market interest rates on interest payments, interest income and expenses as well as on equity. Should the sensitivity analysis show that interest rate fluctuations could lead to significant impacts, STADA could use derivative hedging instruments to avoid the risk. A sensitivity analysis has shown that an increase in market interest rates of 100 basis points in financial year 2016 would have led to a burden on earnings in the amount of € 1.4 million (previous year: € 0.7 million) and a decrease in market interest rates of 100 basis points would have led to a relief on earnings in the amount of € 0.6 million (previous year: € 0.7 million). d) Default risks STADA is exposed to a default risk in its operating business or as a result of financing activities if contracting parties fail to meet their obligations. To avoid default risks in financing activities, appropriate credit management processes are in place and such transactions are generally only concluded with counterparties of impeccable financial standing. Risks of default also exist as a result of the supply of goods and services. STADA therefore strives to maintain business relations only with partners of impeccable financial standing. In addition, STADA partly uses suitable measures such as guarantees, loan insurances or the transfer of assets to safeguard itself against default risk. Past due receivables in the operating area are con- tinuously monitored and potential default risks are anticipated through value adjustments. In addition, there is the risk that in a difficult economic and financial environment, national health care systems delay or fail to make payments to STADA or business partners of STADA and that, as a result, directly or indirectly increased default risks arise. Group Management Report of the Executive Board71 e) Transfer price risks STADA takes advantage of an international network and carries out strategic Group functions centrally through STADA Arznei- mittel AG. As a result, an overarching tax transfer-pricing model for the billing of the corresponding Group-internal services is of increasing importance. Potential risks of non-recognition of these transfer prices for tax purposes, for example from retro- active tax claims of the local tax authorities against a subsidiary of the STADA Group, are limited by way of the introduction of corresponding agreement procedures and a comprehensive definition of transfer prices in the form of a Group guideline. How- ever, non-recognition of transfer prices cannot be completely ruled out. f) Impairment risks The valuation rates of the assets included in the consolidated balance sheet are subject to changes in market and business relationships and thereby to changes in fair value. As part of an annual or case-related impairment test, significant non-cash burdens on earnings and impacts on balance sheet ratios may result. This particularly applies to goodwill primarily resulting from purchase price allocations linked to previous acquisitions, and for other intangible assets. All relevant risks are considered in the context of the preparation of the consolidated financial. Other risks STADA as a Group and the STADA subsidiaries in the markets, like any company, are subject to additional general business risks such as unexpected disruptions in infrastructure, strikes, accidents, natural disasters, sabotage, criminal activities, terrorism, war and other unforeseeable materially adverse influences. STADA protects itself against such risks to the extent possible and financially reasonable through appropriate insurance policies. However, it cannot be ruled out that these insurances are insufficient. Should STADA no longer meet the necessary criteria according to IFRS 10 (“Consolidated Financial Statements”) for control, and consequently for consolidation, of subsidiaries due to particular capital constraints or other measures – such as may come as a result of political or military conflict – STADA would have to deconsolidate these companies. The resulting effects depend on the significance of the affected companies for STADA and could result in materially adverse effects for the Group. Evaluation of risk categories Significant risks that could result in deviations from the planned corporate development within the one-year forward-looking period are shown below: high y t i l i b a b o r P moderate • Suppliers • Regulatory environment • IT low • Currencies • Legal disputes • Warehousing and logistics • R&D projects • Approvals and licenses • Taxes • Market and competition low moderate high Impact Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Opportunities and Risk Report72 The scales for the classification of the potential impact and probability are presented in the charts below: Probability Low Moderate High Potential impact Low Moderate High Classification > 0% to ≤ 25% > 25% to ≤ 50% > 50% to < 100% Description of the impact1) Negligible negative impact on the 1-year outlook (0% to 5%) Moderate negative impact on the 1-year outlook (5% to 10%) Significant negative impact on the 1-year outlook (> 10%) Summary evaluation of risks The assessment of the overall risk situation is the result of the consolidated consideration of all significant individual risks on the basis of the applied risk management. As a result of the continued tense geopolitical situation in the CIS region, the risk environment of STADA in this region is unchanged. The risk environment of STADA has also become slightly more negative through the upcoming negotiations regarding “Brexit”. In the event that one or more of the above-mentioned risks should materialize or newly occur in the development of business, this could respectively have materially adverse effects on the Group’s business activities. In particular, respectively material adverse effects on STADA’s business, financial and earnings situation could be associated with this. From today’s perspective, however, no risks are discernible which, individually or as a whole, could jeopardize the continued existence of the Group. In terms of organization, STADA has created the necessary prerequisites to be informed of possible risk situations early and to be able to take appropriate measures. 1) Deviation in terms of the Guidance on adjusted EBITDA. Group Management Report of the Executive BoardGroup Management Report of the Executive Board | Opportunities and Risk Report | Takeover-relevant Disclosures 73 TAKEOVER-RELATED DISCLOSURES In accordance with Section 315 (4) HGB, STADA is obligated to disclose the following information in the Annual Report: Composition of share capital, rights and obligations/restrictions associated with shares affecting the transfer of shares The share capital amounted to € 162,090,344.00 as of December 31, 2016, divided into 62,342,440 registered shares with an arithmetical share in share capital of € 2.60 per share. Until December 9, 2016, the shares of the company were registered shares with restricted transferability that, in accordance with the Articles of Incorporation, could only be transferred and entered into the share register with the consent of the Executive Board. On August 26, 2016, the STADA Annual General Meeting resolved to eliminate limitations on transferability. Since the entry of this resolution in the commercial register on December 9, 2016, there are now exclusively registered shares that, in accordance with the Articles of Incorporation, grant one vote at the Annual General Meeting. Shareholders are only those who are registered as such in the share registry and only such persons are authorized to participate in the Annual General Meeting and to exercise voting rights. No shareholder and no shareholder group shall have any special rights. Shares acquired by employees within the scope of the employee stock option program are subjected to a three-year lockup period. Appointment and dismissal of Executive Board members/Amendments to the Articles of Incorporation The Executive Board is appointed and dismissed exclusively in accordance with legal regulations (Sections 84, 85 AktG). The Articles of Incorporation do not provide special provisions on the appointment or dismissal of individual and all members of the Executive Board. Only the Supervisory Board is responsible for the appointment and dismissal. It appoints members of the Executive Board for a maximum of five years. A repeated appointment or extension of the term is allowed, for a maximum of five years each, in accordance with the legal regulations. In accordance with Section 9 of the Articles of Incorporation, the Executive Board consists of two or more persons. In addition, the Supervisory Board determines the number of Executive Board Members and may appoint deputy Executive Board Members. The Articles of Incorporation may generally be amended through a resolution of the Annual General Meeting. The amendment takes effect with the entry of the amendment to the Articles of Incorporation into the commercial register. Amendments to Articles of Incorporation require, according to Section 179 (1) of the German Stock Corporation Act (AktG), a resolution of the Annual General Meeting, provided no other majority is foreseen, a majority of three-fourths of the share capital represented in the vote pursuant to Section 179 (2) AktG. Insofar as a change to the purpose of the company is affected, the Articles of Incorporation may call for a large majority. The Articles of Incorporation exercises in Section 23 (1) AktG the possibility of a deviation pursuant to Section 179 (2) AktG shall be passed by a simple majority of the votes cast and, insofar as a majority of the share capital is represented at the time the resolution is passed, with a simple majority of the capital present insofar as this is legally permissible. In case of a tie, a motion shall be deemed denied. Furthermore, the Supervisory Board is authorized in accordance with Section 32 of the Articles of Incorporation to resolve on amendments and additions to the Articles of Incorporation which relate only to their wording. Authorizations of the Executive Board to issue or buy back shares On June 5, 2013 in accordance with Section 6 (1) of the Articles of Incorporation, the Annual General Meeting authorized the Executive Board, with the approval of the Supervisory Board, to increase the share capital of the Company on one or more occasions by June 4, 2018, by up to € 77,134,304.00 through the issue of up to 29,667,040 registered shares1) with restricted transfer ability against contributions in cash and/or in kind (authorized capital). Shareholders have statutory subscription rights. The Executive Board is nevertheless authorized, with the approval of the Supervisory Board, to exclude the statutory rights of the shareholders in the cases described in the authorization. The Executive Board is authorized, with the approval of the Supervisory Board, to determine the content of the share rights, the individual details of the capital increase as well as the conditions of the share issue, in particular the issue price. The Executive Board has not made use of this authorization to date. 1) On August 26, 2016, the STADA Annual General Meeting resolved to eliminate restrictions on the transferability of registered shares by means of a change to the Articles of Incorpo- ration. The change to the Articles of Incorporation was registered in the commercial register and became effective on December 9, 2016. The authorization of the approved capital in accordance with Section 6 (1) of the Articles of Incorporation therefore no longer refers to registered shares with restricted transferability. 74 On June 5, 2013, furthermore, the Annual General Meeting authorized the Executive Board, on one or more occasions until June 4, 2018, to issue bearer and/or registered bonds with warrants and/or convertible bonds, participation rights and/or participating bonds (or a combination of these instruments) (collectively “bonds”) in an aggregate nominal amount of up to € 1,000,000,000.00 with or without limiting the term, and to grant the holders or creditors of the bonds with warrants and/or convertible bonds a proportionate amount of the share capital of up to € 69,188,340.00 for a total of up to 26,610,900 of the Company’s registered shares1) in accordance with the more detailed provisions of the terms of the bonds. For the purposes of servicing these bonds, the Annual General Meeting on June 5, 2013 conditionally increased the share capital by up to € 69,188,340.00 in accordance with Section 6 (2) of the Articles of Incorporation by issuing up to 26,610,900 registered shares and carrying a dividend right as of the beginning of the financial year in which they are issued. The Executive Board, with approval of the Supervisory Board, is authorized to determine the further details of implementation of the conditional capital increase (Conditional Capital 2013). The Executive Board has not made use of this authorization to date. Following the resolution adopted at the Annual General Meeting on June 5, 2013, in accordance with Section 71 (1) No. 8 AktG, the Company was authorized from June 6, 2013 until June 5, 2018 to acquire own shares of up to 10% of the share capital. The Executive Board has not made use of this authorization to date. Significant agreements on condition of a change of control In case of a change of control resulting from a takeover offer to the company, there are, in accordance with common business practice, possibilities of termination for certain credit contracts, the lenders of several credit contracts, the issued corporate bonds and the issued promissory note loans (see “Report on Economic Position – Course of Business and Net Assets, Financial Position and Results of Operations – Financial Position”). For the agreement of the company with members of the Executive Board in the case of a change of control, please refer to the Remuneration Report in this Annual Report. 1) As part of the change to the Articles of Incorporation agreed by the STADA Annual General Meeting on August 26, 2016 for the elimination of restrictions on the transferability of registered shares, a corresponding amendment to the authorization of the Executive Board of June 5, 2013, on the issuing of options and/or convertible bonds, participation rights and/ or participating bonds was made, so that the affected options or convertible bonds refer to registered shares (rather than registered shares with restricted transferability), effective with entry in the Articles of Incorporation. The associated conditional capital 2013 in accor- dance with Section 6 (2) was adapted effective from the entry of the change to the Articles of Incorporation in the commercial register, so that it regulates the conditional issue of registered shares rather than the conditional issue of registered shares with restricted transferability. The change to the Articles of Incorporation was registered in the commercial register and thereby became effective on December 9, 2016. Group Management Report of the Executive BoardGroup Management Report of the Executive Board | Takeover-relevant Disclosures | Remuneration Report 75 REMUNERATION REPORT This remuneration report outlines the principles of the remuneration system for members of the Executive Board and Super- visory Board as well as the amount of individual remuneration. It also presents the remuneration of the Advisory Board members of STADA Arzneimittel AG. The report meets the requirements of the German Commercial Code (HGB) and German Accounting Standard No. 17 (DRS 17), the recommendations of the German Corporate Governance Code (GCGC). Remuneration of the Executive Board Objective The full Supervisory Board determines the Executive Board remuneration system and the remuneration of individual Executive Board members upon the proposal of the Human Resources Committee and reviews these regularly. The objective of this Executive Board remuneration system relevant in the financial year is to allow members of the Executive Board to participate appropriately in the increase in enterprise value in accordance with their personal tasks and performance, the overall per- formance of the Executive Board as well as success-oriented company management under consideration of the competitive environment. Overall, remuneration of the Executive Board in the framework of this remuneration system is performance- oriented and assessed in a way that is competitive both nationally and internationally and therefore presents an attractive basis for committed and successful performance in a dynamic environment. Through the application of appropriate caps, however, the remuneration system avoids excessively strong incentives towards risk-oriented behavior. The core elements of the system include non-performance related remuneration that takes the tasks and performance of members of the Executive Board into consideration along with a component that depends on the achievement of annual per- formance goals (“Short Term Incentive”, STI). In addition to the annual performance-related remuneration, members of the Executive Board also receive a remuneration component geared toward the long term (“Long Term Incentive”, LTI), which is measured to a significant extent on the increase in value of the STADA share and therefore sets an incentive for the members of the Executive Board toward a sustainable increase in enterprise value. The objective of the long-term variable remuneration is also to consider the interests of shareholders in the incentive structure of the remuneration in an overall sustainable manner. There are no stock option plans. The individual performance-related components are limited to a maximum amount. The amount and structure of the Executive Board remuneration is reviewed regularly by the Supervisory Board and adjusted whenever necessary. The most recent review took place in December 2016 and included the participation of an independent remuneration consultant. Structure of the Executive Board remuneration system in financial year 2016 The Executive Board remuneration system relevant in the reporting year took effect from January 1, 2016 with uniform appli- cation for all members of the Executive Board. 76 The following is an overview of the remuneration system relevant in the reporting year for Executive Board members: Non-perfor- mance related component Basic salary Performance-re- lated compo- nent “Annual bonus” as an STI component — One-year part (immediate payment) LTIP deferrals — Long-term multi-year part (deferred remuneration dependent on additional prerequisites) Non-performance related component Annual basic remuneration The non-performance related remuneration consists of an agreed basic salary paid out in twelve equal monthly installments. This fixed annual salary is determined in accordance with the requirements of stock company law under consideration of usual market remuneration as well as the position and responsibility of the member of the Executive Board. Fringe benefits The members of the Executive Board receive other remuneration in the form of fringe benefits, which consist for the most part only of the private use of a company car, contributions to health and nursing care insurance and other insurance services (accident insurance, among other things). The remuneration does not include any company-organized pension plans. Performance-related component The performance-related component is structured in the same way for all members of the Executive Board and includes a one-year part (“annual bonus” as an STI component) and a multi-year, long-term incentive-oriented part (“LTIP deferrals”). With full target achievement of the performance parameters, the total performance-related remuneration (STI + LTI) amounts to the fixed remuneration of the member of the Executive Board, i.e. the non-performance related remuneration (“personal target amount”). The determination of the amount of the performance-related remuneration as well as the payment dates are discussed below. Performance parameters for the determination of the mathematical starting amount of the performance-related remuneration awarded for a financial year (STI and LTI) Both the annual bonus (STI) and the LTIP deferrals are dependent on the target of the Supervisory Board for the company performance as well as the individual Executive Board performance for the financial year. Depending on the degree of target attainment of these criteria, a starting amount for variable remuneration is calculated (“mathematical starting amount”). 50% of this amount is paid as an annual bonus. The remaining half is made up of the starting amount for the determination of the LTIP deferrals, which are also dependent on the performance of the STADA share in relation to the MDAX® over a period of several years (share-dependent multi-year components). Group Management Report of the Executive Board77 Company performance Before the beginning of each financial year, the Supervisory Board sets the targets for company performance for the full Executive Board in the upcoming financial year (“performance period”) for the variable remuneration. The assessment basis for this is the adjusted net income, which is determined through the operative planning of the Executive Board for net income for this performance period, and is adjusted for extraordinary expenses and income. At the end of each financial year, the degree of target achievement of company performance is determined for this performance period. If the target is fully reached, the mathematical starting amount for the variable remuneration of this financial year (STI + LTI) is the personal target amount (i.e. the fixed remuneration of the Executive Board member). If the target was missed by 25 percentage points or more, there is no performance-related remuneration for this financial year (i.e. both the annual bonus and the LTIP deferrals). If the target is exceeded by 20 or more percentage points, the mathematical starting amount of the performance-related remuneration amounts to a maximum of 180% of the personal target amount (i.e. the respective fixed remuneration). Interim values are determined on a linear basis. The target set for financial year 2016 and the degree of target achievement are presented together the explanation of remuner- ation 2016. Personal performance of an Executive Board member Under consideration of the personal performance of an Executive Board member, the Supervisory Board has the possibility of increasing or decreasing the mathematical starting amount for the variable remuneration for this financial year (STI and LTI) by up to 20% in accordance with contractual criteria. Uniform qualitative parameters are determined for all Executive Board members for the measurement of exceptional or below average personal performance (e.g. employee satisfaction, exceptional workload, contributions towards the further development of the company).1) In the case of a significant deviation from the expectations in connection with the personal performance of a member of the Executive Board, the Supervisory Board may exercise its right to make adjustments, whereby this cannot result in the mathematical starting amount exceeds 180% of the personal target amount (i.e. individual fixed remuneration). The factors determined for the measurement of personal performance in financial year 2016 are presented together with the explanation of remuneration in 2016. The following overview illustrates how this works: Amount of the variable remuneration as % of the personal target amount Personal target amount for variable remuneration (represents fixed salary) x 180% 100% 0% 75% 100% 120% Target achievement Company performance x = Qualitative assessment by the Supervisory Board (Adjustment of up to ±20%, cap at 180% of the target amount) Performance-related remuneration “Annual bonus” as an STI compo- nent (50%) 3 LTIP- Deferrals (50%) % 7 . 6 1 % 7 . 6 1 % 7 . 6 1 1) In the course of calendar year 2016, the Supervisory Board decided on a specification of the qualitative parameters for assessment of the individual Executive Board performance retroactively to January 1, 2016 in the course of changes to the Executive Board employment contracts. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Remuneration Report 78 Determination and payment of the one-year performance-related remuneration (annual bonus, STI) Of the mathematical starting amount, as described above, 50% is paid in the following year as an annual bonus (STI) for the respective financial year.1) The STI component of the variable remuneration is thus generally dependent on the performance of the company and – due to the adjustment authority of the Supervisory Board – on the individual Executive Board performance. Due to the cap of the mathematical starting amount at 180% of the personal target amount (i.e. the fixed remuneration), the annual bonus (STI) of an Executive Board member may reach a maximum of 90% of their fixed remuneration (the upper limit for the one-year performance-related remuneration, STI). Determination and payment of the multi-year, long-term incentive-oriented performance-related remuneration (LTIP deferrals) depending on share performance The other half of the mathematical starting amount calculated on the basis of the criteria presented is divided up into three equal values (“LTIP deferral 1”, “LTIP deferral 2” and “LTIP deferral 3”). Payment of the deferrals is carried out over a period of three to five years. Payments also depend in terms of their amount on the share performance of the STADA share in comparison with the MDAX® over a period of several years (multi-year, long-term incentive-oriented performance-related remuneration). Whether an LTIP deferral is paid and the amount of this payment are determined by the share performance of the STADA share compared with the MDAX® during the so-called deferral periods. The deferral period for the first deferral is one or two financial years following the performance period, for the second deferral the period of two or three financial years following the perfor- mance period and for the third deferral the period of three or four financial years following the performance period. Payment is based on the lower value of the two relevant deferral periods. The payment is made in the financial year following each deferral period.2) The LTIP deferral 1 is thus paid out after a period of three years, the LTIP deferral 2 after four years and the LTIP deferral 3 after five years. For example, for the performance period 2016 the deferral 1 payment will be made in 2019, the deferral 2 payment will be made in 2020 and the deferral 3 payment in 2021.3) To determine the payment amount of an LTIP deferral, the stock yield of the STADA share4) during the deferral period in relation to the performance of the MDAX® is set as a constant, neutrally determined performance index for medium-sized publicly listed companies such as STADA Arzneimittel AG. Particularly in the case that the company is no longer part of the MDAX®, the Supervisory Board may select another more suitable stock index as a basis. The payment amount for an LTIP deferral corresponds to the initial value, if the yield of the STADA share has developed in line with the MDAX® in the underlying deferral period. If the development of the STADA share yield is 70% or less of the MDAX® development, the LTIP deferral is dropped as part of a malus regulation and there is no payment made for this LTIP deferral. If the ratio is at least 130%, the payment amount of a deferral is 130% of the initial value as part of a bonus regulation. Interim values are determined on a linear basis. If the maximum amount of 130% per deferral is reached for all three of the LTIP deferrals, a maximum of 117% of the personal target amount (i.e. the fixed remuneration) can result for the multi-year performance related remuneration of a financial year (upper limit of the multi-year performance-dependent remuneration, LTIP). 1) Payment is due at the end of the calendar month following the approval of the consolidated financial statements of the respective financial year by the Supervisory Board. 2) Payment is at the end of the calendar month following the approval of the consolidated financial statements of the previous financial year by the Supervisory Board. 3) The Supervisory Board decided on the extension of the basis of measurement for the LTIP deferrals by one year each in the course of the 2016 calendar year retroactively to January 1, 2016. Payment of deferral 1 was previously scheduled to take place already after two years. The extension of the time of payment by one year was implemented by means of the supple- ment to the Executive Board contracts of Dr. Wiedenfels and Mr. Kraft; for Mr. Retzlaff, who at that point had already left the Executive Board, no such contract adjustment was made. 4) The stock yield also considers distributed dividends in the LTIP deferral period, in addition to price changes. It is calculated as follows: Stock yield = Closing price + Dividend Opening price Group Management Report of the Executive Board79 The following graphic shows when the individual components of the performance-related remuneration of a performance period (annual bonus and LTIP deferrals 1–3) are paid: Financial year 2016 Financial year 2017 Financial year 2018 Financial year 2019 Financial year 2020 Financial year 2021 Financial year 2022 Financial year 2023 = Performance period 2016 = Performance period 2017 = Performance period 2018 = Performance period 2019 = Performance period 2020 = Performance period 2021 = Performance period 2022 = Performance period 2023 Annual bonus 2016 due Annual bonus 2017 due Annual bonus 2018 due Annual bonus 2019 due Annual bonus 2020 due Annual bonus 2021 due Annual bonus 2022 due + + + LTIP deferral 1 for PP 2016 due LTIP deferral 1 for PP 2017 due LTIP deferral 1 for PP 2018 due LTIP deferral 1 for PP 2019 due LTIP deferral 1 for PP 2020 due LTIP deferral 2 for PP 2016 due LTIP deferral 2 for PP 2017 due LTIP deferral 2 for PP 2018 due LTIP deferral 2 for PP 2019 due LTIP deferral 3 for PP 2016 due LTIP deferral 3 for PP 2017 due LTIP deferral 3 for PP 2018 due Summary The Executive Board remuneration system links the remuneration of the Executive Board members with the (short and long-term) development of STADA Arzneimittel AG and thereby creates an incentive for successful and sustainable corporate governance. The connection of the determination of the performance-related remuneration with the adjusted net income takes into account an operating performance indicator, which both represents a key figure and plays an important role in external financial reporting. With the help of a simple and transparent translation of the deviation of the achieved result from the target, the overall performance of the Executive Board has a direct influence on the amount of remuneration. The fixed minimum and upper limits require constant development of the company and appropriate maximum limits (caps) avoid an excessively strong incentive towards risk-oriented behavior. By forgoing the granting of shares or share options, and with corresponding consideration of the relative share performance, the Executive Board remuneration system avoids administrative expenses. Nevertheless, it reflects the sustainable development of the company on the capital market. Presentation of Executive Board remuneration for financial year 2016 The Executive Board remuneration for financial year 2016 is subsequently presented separately in accordance with two different sets of regulations: The German Corporate Governance Code on the one hand and the applicable German Accounting Standard 17 (DRS 17) on the other hand. Executive Board remuneration for financial year 2016 in accordance with the German Corporate Governance Code (exemplary charts) The following presentation of the Executive Board remuneration awarded and paid in financial year 2016 is in accordance with the recommendations of the German Corporate Governance Code, as published on May 5, 2015. The payment, to be reported in accordance with the German Corporate Governance Code, represents the payment for the respective financial year – irrespective of the exact date of the actual payment. In addition, the LTIP deferrals are share- based remuneration, the allocation of which, in accordance with German tax law, is recognized at the time it is actually paid out.1) 1) Payment of LTIP deferral 1 (2016) will be made for Dr. Wiedenfels and Mr. Kraft in 2019, LTIP deferral 2 (2016) will be paid in 2020 and LTIP deferral 3 (2016) in 2021. The three LTIP deferrals for 2016 to which Mr. Retzlaff is entitled to are each due to be paid one year earlier. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Remuneration Report 80 Prior to the beginning of financial year 2016, the Supervisory Board determined an adjusted net income in the amount of € 170.1 million and the adjustment items to be considered as a target for the performance-dependent remuneration 2016 for the full Executive Board with regard to the company performance. There was a target achievement of 100.5% for financial year 2016. In order to take into account the personal performance of Dr. Wiedenfels and Mr. Kraft in financial year 2016, the Super- visory Board applied a factor of 0.9 for the individual assessment. For Mr. Retzlaff, a factor of 1.0 was applied in the severance agreement. The remuneration of the individual members of the Executive Board who were active for the Company in financial year 2016, in accordance with the German Corporate Governance Code, is as follows: Dr. Matthias Wiedenfels, Chairman of the Executive Board since June 5, 2016 (on the Executive Board since May 2013) Benefits granted Allocation 2016 2015 2016 (min) 2016 (max) 2016 2015 1,136 36 1,172 390 – 58 53 49 – 550 – 750 33 783 350 394 – – – – 744 – 1,136 36 1,172 0 – 0 0 0 – 0 – 1,136 36 1,172 765 – 332 332 332 – 1,761 – 1,136 36 1,172 390 7611) 0 0 0 – 1,151 – 750 33 783 350 0 – – – – 350 – 1,722 1,527 1,172 2,933 2,323 1,133 in € 000s Fixed remuneration Fringe benefits Total One-year variable remuneration Multi-year variable remuneration • Long-term targets 2016 • LTIP deferral 1 (2016) • LTIP deferral 2 (2016) • LTIP deferral 3 (2016) Other Total Service cost Total remuneration Explanations: In the reporting year, Dr. Wiedenfels received a fixed salary of € 850,000 plus fringe benefits and, after assuming the office of the Chairman of the Executive Board for the period from June 5, 2016, an additional fixed remuneration of € 286,000. Benefits granted from variable remuneration for financial year 2016 are reported in accordance with the Executive Board employment contract applicable in the reporting year as one-year variable remuneration of the annual bonus 2016 and as multi-year variable remuneration in the form of the fair values of the three LTIP deferrals 2016. The values are determined using the presented degree of target attainment for the company performance of 100.5% and a factor of 0.9 for personal perfor- mance. Based on the personal target value of € 850,000 (which corresponds to the fixed salary of Dr. Wiedenfels), applying the linear calculation formula results in a starting amount for variable remuneration of € 781,000, of which half (€ 390,000) is granted as an annual bonus for 2016. The remaining half represents the starting amount for benefits presented as LTIP deferrals 1–3 (2016), which are measured using a recognized statistical measurement model (Monte Carlo Model) as of December 31, 2016. From the previous Executive Board employment contract with Dr. Wiedenfels of May 3, 2013 (“old contract”), which was replaced with the new employment contract effective from January 1, 2016, Dr. Wiedenfels is entitled to a residual amount of € 761,000 for the period of actual implementation of the old contract up to December 31, 2015 from the final calculation of the multi-year variable long-term special remuneration “long-term goals 2016” (based on adjusted EBITDA 2016). As agreed, at the end of financial year 2016 as the target year of the “long-term goals 2016”, the total amount for the original contract period of May 3, 2013 to December 31, 2016 was to be calculated on the basis of actual target achievement (€ 1,459,0002) based on the 1) Payment of the residual amount of the multi-year variable remuneration component “long-term targets 2016” granted in accordance with the former Executive Board employ- ment contract for the period from May 3, 2013 to December 31, 2015 is carried out on the basis of the final calculation of the long-term targets 2016 and therefore reported as inflow in the remuneration table for the reporting year. 2) The residual amount of € 1,445,000 of the provisional benefit from the long-term special remuneration 2016 based on 44 months reported in financial year 2015 was based on the then outlook for target achievement, which was slightly below the actual target achievement. Group Management Report of the Executive Board81 original 44 months), which as a result of the change in contract is only partially granted for the period of actual contract im plementation from May 3, 2013 to December 31, 2015, i.e. in the amount of 32/44 (i.e. € 1,061,000). Subtracting the progress payments already made in 2013 and 2014 of a total of € 300,000, a residual amount of € 761,000 results, which is reported as an inflow for the current financial year. Helmut Kraft, Chief Financial, Marketing & Sales Officer (on the Executive Board since January 2010) Benefits granted Allocation 2016 2015 2016 (min) 2016 (max) 2016 2015 1,097 34 1,131 425 – 63 57 53 – 598 – 800 30 830 350 303 – – – – 653 – 1,097 34 1,131 0 – 0 0 0 – 0 – 1,097 34 1,131 833 – 361 361 361 – 1,916 – 1,097 34 1,131 425 01) 0 0 0 – 425 – 800 30 830 350 01) – – – – 350 – 1,729 1,483 1,131 3,047 1,556 1,180 in € 000s Fixed remuneration Fringe benefits Total One-year variable remuneration Multi-year variable remuneration • Long-term targets 2018 • LTIP deferral 1 (2016) • LTIP deferral 2 (2016) • LTIP deferral 3 (2016) Other Total Service cost Total remuneration Explanations: In the reporting year, Mr. Kraft received a fixed salary of € 925,000 plus fringe benefits and, after partially assuming the tasks for the former Chairman of the Executive Board Hartmut Retzlaff for the period from June 5, 2016, an additional fixed remuneration of € 172,000. Benefits granted from variable remuneration for financial year 2016 are reported in accordance with the Executive Board employment contract applicable in the reporting year as one-year variable remuneration of the annual bonus 2016 and as multi-year variable remuneration in the form of the fair values of the three LTIP deferrals 2016. The values are determined using the presented degree of target attainment for the company performance of 100.5% and a factor of 0.9 for personal perfor- mance. Based on the personal target value of € 925,000 (which corresponds to the fixed salary of Mr. Kraft), applying the linear calculation formula results in a starting amount for variable remuneration of € 850,000, of which half (€ 425,000) is granted as an annual bonus for 2016. The remaining half represents the starting amount for benefits presented as LTIP deferrals 1–3 (2016), which are measured using a recognized statistical measurement model (Monte Carlo Model) as of December 31, 2016. From the previous Executive Board employment contract, applicable from January 1, 2015 (“old contract”), which was replaced with the new employment contract effective from January 1, 2016, for the period of actual implementation of the old contract from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015, Mr. Kraft has partial entitlement from the final calculation of the multi-year variable long-term special remuneration “long-term goals 2018”, which will be calculated on the basis of actual target achievement at the end of financial year 2018 as the target year of the “long-term goals 2018”, as agreed. 1) Any amount paid out following the final statement of the long-term targets for 2018 will be disclosed in the 2018 Annual Report. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Remuneration Report 82 Hartmut Retzlaff (Member of the Executive Board until August 15, 2016) Benefits granted Allocation 2016 1,247 23 1,270 503 – 154 153 151 – 961 – 2015 2016 (min) 2016 (max) 2,000 35 2,035 589 9711) – – – – 1,560 – 1,247 23 1,270 0 – 0 0 0 – 0 – 1,247 23 1,270 918 – 398 398 398 – 2,112 – 2016 1,247 23 1,270 503 9912) 133 133 133 – 1,893 – 2015 2,000 35 2,035 589 0 – – – – 589 – 2,231 3,595 1,270 3,382 3,163 2,624 in € 000s Fixed remuneration Fringe benefits Total One-year variable remuneration Multi-year variable remuneration • Long-term targets 2016 • LTIP deferral 1 (2016) • LTIP deferral 2 (2016) • LTIP deferral 3 (2016) Other Total Service cost Total remuneration Explanations: Under consideration of the time of departure from the Executive Board of Mr. Retzlaff, in terms of the presentation of all grants and disclosures within the code table, a pro rata figure is derived for the time until the end of his Executive Board mandate on August 15, 2016. In the reporting year, for the period until the end of his Executive Board mandate on August 15, 2016, Mr. Retzlaff received a fixed salary in the amount of € 1,247,000 (pro rata amount on the basis of an annual fixed salary of € 2,000,000) plus fringe benefits. The chart also shows the benefits granted and inflows from the variable remuneration, pro rata for the period until August 15, 2016, for the past financial year 2016 (pro rata annual bonus 2016 as well as pro rata LTIP deferrals 2016). In the termination agreement signed with Mr. Retzlaff on August 15, 2016, a lump sum fixed amount for the one-year variable remuneration as well as the LTIP deferrals of € 800,000 was defined for the first half of 2016 and has, in this connection, already been paid out. In the benefits and inflows for 2016 presented above, a total amount is allocated to the period until June 30, 2016 of € 400,000 to the one-year variable remuneration and € 133,000 each to the multi-year variable remuneration in the form of three LTIP deferrals 2016. For the second half of 2016 (i.e. from July 1, 2016), the termination agreement includes the calculation of the partial variable remuneration 2016, applying the actual degree of target achievement for the company performance (i.e. 100.5%) and fixed personal target achievement measured with a factor of 1.0. For the period from July 1, 2016 to August 15, 2016, this represents a partial annual bonus for 2016 of € 103,000 (total reported partial annual bonus 2016 for the period January 1, 2016 to August 15, 2016 therefore € 503,000). Benefits reported until the LTIP deferrals 1–3 (2016) are measured using a recognized statistical measurement model (Monte Carlo Model) at the current time, broken down into the period July 1, 2016 to August 15, 2016 and supplemented with the fixed payment as part of the termination agreement (each € 133,000, see above). From the earlier Executive Board employment contract with Mr. Retzlaff until December 31, 2015, the final calculation of the multi-year variable long-term special remuneration “long-term goals 2016” on the basis of adjusted EBITDA 2016, a residual amount of € 991,000 results. As agreed, at the end of financial year 2016 as the target year of the “long-term goals 2016”, the total amount for the original period on which the long-term goals 2016 were based, of January 1, 2015 to August 31, 2016 was to be calculated on the basis of actual target achievement (€ 1,651,0003) based on the original 20 months), which as a result of the change in contract is only partially granted for the period of actual contract implementation from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015, i.e. in the amount of 12/20 (i.e. € 991,000). 1) The benefit for 2015 reported for the multi-year variable remuneration component “long-term goals 2016” was based on the outlook for target achievement of the time, which was slightly below the actual target achievement. 2) Payment of the residual amount of the multi-year variable remuneration component “long-term targets 2016” granted in accordance with the former Executive Board employ- ment contract for the period from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2015 is carried out on the basis of the final calculation of the long-term targets 2016 and therefore reported as inflow in the remuneration table for the reporting year. 3) The residual amount of € 1,618,000 of the provisional benefit from the long-term special remuneration 2016 based on 20 months reported in financial year 2015 was based on the then outlook for target achievement, which was slightly below the actual target achieve- ment. The amount of € 971,000 reported as a benefit for 2015 in the last Annual Report corresponds to the expected value of the time based on 12 months. Group Management Report of the Executive Board83 In connection with the termination of his employment on August 15, 2016, in accordance with employment contract provisions (termination of contract as of December 31, 2016), as part of his termination contract, Mr. Retzlaff also continued to receive salary in the total amount of € 1,253,000 (thereof € 762,000 non-performance related including € 9,000 in fringe benefits as well as € 491,000 performance-related1)) as well as a severance payment in the amount of € 5,885,000 (thereof € 3,285,000 fixed and € 2,600,000 variable components in arithmetical terms). Executive Board remuneration for financial year 2016 in accordance with DRS 17 The following details on the remuneration granted to Executive Board members in financial year 2016 are provided in accordance with the requirements of DRS 17. In contrast with the presented regulations of the German Corporate Governance Code, the disclosure of the payments for multi-year variable remuneration components, which are not granted as share-based payment (LTIP deferrals), in accordance with DRS 17 is made in full in the year the final target is reached, rather than on a pro rata basis. If a payment is made in the year before the final targets are achieved (e.g. as a progress payment), then the amount is to be recorded as an advance in the year of payment. The remuneration of the individual members of the Executive Board who were active for the Company in financial year 2016, in accordance with DRS 17, is as follows: in € 000s Fixed remuneration Fringe benefits Total One-year variable remuneration Multi-year variable remuneration • Long-term targets 2016 • LTIP deferral 1 (2016) • LTIP deferral 2 (2016) • LTIP deferral 3 (2016) Other Total Service cost Total remuneration Dr. Matthias Wiedenfels, Chairman of the Executive Board since June 5, 2016 (on the Executive Board since May 2013) Benefits granted 2016 1,136 36 1,172 390 1,061 58 53 49 – 1,611 – 2,783 2015 750 33 783 350 – – – – – 350 – 1,133 Because financial year 2016 corresponded to the defined target year in the context of long-term targets 2016, payments made to Dr. Wiedenfels as part of long-term special remuneration in 2016 were fully disclosed in financial year 2016. Accordingly, this also included the contractually agreed progress payments for the long-term special remuneration in the total amount of € 300,000 upon achievement of the interim goals in the previous years. 1) Derived from the actual target achievement or the adjusted net profit 2016 as well as the evaluation of the deferrals carried out as of December 31, 2016 for the period from 2018 – 2020. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Remuneration Report 84 in € 000s Fixed remuneration Fringe benefits Total One-year variable remuneration Multi-year variable remuneration • Long-term targets 2018 • LTIP deferral 1 (2016) • LTIP deferral 2 (2016) • LTIP deferral 3 (2016) Other Total Service cost Total remuneration Helmut Kraft, Chief Financial, Marketing & Sales Officer (on the Executive Board since January 2010) Benefits granted 2016 1,097 34 1,131 425 – 63 57 53 – 598 – 1,729 2015 800 30 830 350 – – – – – 350 – 1,180 The defined target year for the multi-year variable remuneration “long-term targets 2018” is financial year 2018, as a result of which benefits for these remuneration components are to be fully disclosed in the corresponding financial year in accordance with DRS 17. in € 000s Fixed remuneration Fringe benefits Total One-year variable remuneration Multi-year variable remuneration • Long-term targets 2016 • LTIP deferral 1 (2016) • LTIP deferral 2 (2016) • LTIP deferral 3 (2016) Other Total Service cost Total remuneration Hartmut Retzlaff (Member of the Executive Board until August 15, 2016 Benefits granted 2016 1,247 23 1,270 503 991 154 153 151 – 1,952 – 3,222 2015 2,000 35 2,035 589 – – – – – 589 – 2,624 Because financial year 2016 corresponded to the defined target year in the context of long-term targets 2016, payments made to Mr. Retzlaff as part of long-term special remuneration in 2016 were fully disclosed in financial year 2016. Members of the Executive Board received no performance-based advances in financial year 2016 on top of the remuneration above. In the previous year, there were performance-related advances1) totaling € 200,000 attributable entirely to Dr. Matthias Wiedenfels. 1) Contractually agreed performance-related progress payments of the long-term special remuneration upon achieving the respective interim goals. Group Management Report of the Executive Board 85 The percentage ratio between non-performance related and performance-related remuneration of members of the Executive Board ranges in the area of approx. 39% to approx. 65% non-performance related and approx. 35% to approx. 61% perfor- mance-related remuneration. Commitments to members of the Executive Board Commitments to members of the Executive Board in case of premature or regular termination of their activity and any corresponding benefits The Executive Board contracts as of the reporting date also contain a severance payment regulation for a more closely-defined change of control, which, in accordance with the German Corporate Governance Code, is not higher than the value of the remaining term of the Executive Board contract, and is limited in amount to a maximum of three years’ remuneration. Should an Executive Board contract be terminated early, no commitment is made to a severance payment. However, a severance payment can result from a termination agreement, which is made in individual cases. For the Executive Board contracts in the reporting year, it was agreed that any payments to Executive Board members with early termination of contract including fringe benefits may not exceed two years’ remuneration (severance cap) and may not be compensated with more than the remuneration for the remaining period of the contract in accordance with the specifications of the German Corporate Governance Code. Other commitments The Executive Board contracts include the provision that, in the case of invalidity due to illness or accident, the Company will continue to pay the salary, for the duration of the invalidity, up to a maximum of three years, whereby the amount of the continued payment in the first year after the occurrence of invalidity corresponds to the fixed annual salary and the variable remuneration and, in the second and third year of invalidity, to the fixed annual salary. Payment continues until the end of the Executive Board contract at the latest. The Company has concluded an accident insurance for each of the members of the Executive Board. In the context of a group insurance for all of the Executive Board members, a so-called D&O insurance exists with a deductible for the Executive Board members within the legal framework. Benefits from third parties outside the Group, which were promised or granted to members of the Executive Board in the reporting year with regard to their position in the Executive Board Third parties outside the Group have neither promised nor granted benefits to Executive Board members with regard to their position in the Executive Board in financial year 2016. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Remuneration Report 86 Supervisory Board remuneration Remuneration system for the Supervisory Board according to the Articles of Incorporation The remuneration system of the Supervisory Board is governed by Section 18 of STADA Arzneimittel AG’s Articles of Incorpo- ration. In accordance with this, the members of the Supervisory Board receive the following remuneration, in addition to the reimbursement of their expenses in the previous financial year: • an annual fixed sum of € 48,000.00 and • a remuneration based on the long-term success of the Company (long-term variable remuneration) in the amount of 0.02% of the average Group earnings before taxes as reported in the consolidated financial statements of the past three financial years. The annual cap for long-term variable remunerations is € 48,000.00. The Chairman of the Supervisory Board receives triple this amount and his deputy twice the amount. In addition, Supervisory Board members receive an annual fixed remuneration of € 15,000.00 for their committee activities for the past financial year. The Chairman of a committee receives twice this amount in remuneration. Members of the nomination committee do not receive any special remuneration. In addition, sales tax is payable on all Supervisory Board remuneration. Remuneration of the Supervisory Board in financial year 2016 The remuneration of the individual members of the Supervisory Board who were active for the Company in financial year 2016 is as follows: Current members of the Supervisory Board • Carl Ferdinand Oetker € 210,976.49 (thereof € 146,762.30 non-performance related and € 64,214.19 performance-related) (previous year: € 188,906.26 thereof € 126,000.00 non-performance related and € 62,906.26 performance-related) • Jens Steegers € 116,672.71 (thereof € 79,786.89 non-performance related and € 36,885.82 performance-related) (previous year: € 79,453.13 thereof € 48,000.00 non-performance related and € 31,453.13 performance-related) • Dr. Eric Cornut € 34,295.17 (thereof € 24,737.70 non-performance related and € 9,557.47 performance-related) (Member of the Supervisory Board since the end of the Annual General Meeting, August 26, 2016) • Halil Duru € 90,328.37 (thereof € 63,000.00 non-performance related and € 27,328.37 performance-related) (previous year: € 79,453.13, thereof € 48,000.00 non-performance related and € 31,453.13 performance-related) • Rolf Hoffmann € 34,295.17 (thereof € 24,737.70 non-performance related and € 9,557.47 performance-related) (Member of the Supervisory Board since the end of the Annual General Meeting, August 26, 2016) • Dr. Birgit Kudlek € 34,295.17 (thereof € 24,737.70 non-performance related and € 9,557.47 performance-related) (Member of the Supervisory Board since the end of the Annual General Meeting, August 26, 2016) • Tina Müller € 34,295.17 (thereof € 24,737.70 non-performance related and € 9,557.47 performance-related) (Member of the Supervisory Board since the end of the Annual General Meeting, August 26, 2016) • Dr. Ute Pantke € 79,303.78 (thereof € 51,975.41 non-performance related and € 27,328.37 performance-related) (previous year: € 79,453.13, thereof € 48,000.00 non-performance related and € 31,453.13 performance-related) • Dr. Gunnar Riemann € 34,295.17 (thereof € 24,737.70 non-performance related and € 9,557.47 performance-related) (Member of the Supervisory Board since the end of the Annual General Meeting, August 26, 2016) Group Management Report of the Executive Board87 Members of the Supervisory Board who left the Board in financial year 2016 • Dr. Martin Abend € 176,954.75 (thereof € 123,418.03 non-performance related and € 53,536.72 performance-related) (previous year: € 283,359.38 thereof € 189,000.00 non-performance related and € 94,359.38 performance-related) (Member of the Supervisory Board until the end of the Annual General Meeting, August 26, 2016) • Dr. Eckhard Brüggemann € 49,189.83 (thereof € 31,344.26 non-performance related and € 17,845.57 performance-related) (previous year: € 79,453.13 thereof € 48,000.00 non-performance related and € 31,453.13 performance-related) (Member of the Supervisory Board until the end of the Annual General Meeting, August 26, 2016) • Dr. K.F. Arnold Hertzsch € 58,984.92 (thereof € 41,139.34 non-performance related and € 17,845.58 performance-related) (previous year: € 94,453.13 thereof € 63,000.00 non-performance related and € 31,453.13 performance-related) (Member of the Supervisory Board until the end of the Annual General Meeting, August 26, 2016) • Dieter Koch € 58,984.92 (thereof € 41,139.34 non-performance related and € 17,845.58 performance-related) (previous year: € 94,453.13 thereof € 63,000.00 non-performance related and € 31,453.13 performance-related) (Member of the Supervisory Board until the end of the Annual General Meeting, August 26, 2016) • Constantin Meyer € 58,984.92 (thereof € 41,139.34 non-performance related and € 17,845.58 performance-related) (previous year: € 94,453.13 thereof € 63,000.00 non-performance related and € 31,453.13 performance-related) (Member of the Supervisory Board until the end of the Annual General Meeting, August 26, 2016) Beyond this remuneration no additional monies or benefits have been granted to members of the Supervisory Board for personally rendered services in the context of their activities as Supervisory Board members; however, in the context of a group insurance, a so-called D&O insurance exists for all members of the Supervisory Board, with a deductible for the Supervisory Board members, which reflects the legal framework of the deduction of the Executive Board members. Remuneration of the Advisory Board In accordance with Section 9 of the bylaws of the Advisory Board of STADA Arzneimittel AG, members of the Advisory Board receive a flat fee of € 1,000 per meeting of the Advisory Board and for participation in the Annual General Meeting, plus sales tax and reimbursement of their expenses. Time for travel to and from meetings is not considered part of the meeting. The Chair- man of the Advisory Board also receives a flat rate annual compensation for allowances in the amount of € 3,000 plus sales tax and his deputy receives € 2,500 plus sales tax. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Remuneration Report 88 CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT INCLUDING THE CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DECLARATION FOR STADA ARZNEIMITTEL AG AND THE GROUP The Corporate Governance Report pursuant to Section 3.10 of the German Corporate Governance Code (GCGC) and the Corporate Governance Declaration for STADA Arzneimittel AG and the Group pursuant to Section 315 (5) in conjunction with Section 289a of the German Commercial Code (HGB) are available on the STADA website at www.stada.de/cg and www.stada.com/cg. Corporate Governance Declaration for STADA Arzneimittel AG and the Group The corporate governance declaration for STADA Arzneimittel AG and the Group in accordance with Section 315 (5) in conjunction with Section 289a of the German Commercial Code (HGB) includes the explanation of the German Corporate Governance Code in accordance with Section 161 of the German Stock Corporation Act (AktG), the relevant information on corporate management practices, a description of the working practices of the Executive Board and Supervisory Board as well as the composition and working practices of the Supervisory Board committees, the specifications pursuant to Section 76 (4) and Section 111 (5) of the German Stock Corporation Act as well as the information whether the specified targets were met during the reference period or not and, if not, details on the reasons. 1. Declaration of Compliance The Executive Board and Supervisory Board agreed a new Declaration of Compliance in accordance with the German Corporate Governance Code on March 2, 2017. Both the current Declaration of Compliance and the Declaration of Compliance issued in the reporting year on July 14, 2016 are included below: Declaration of Compliance March 2017 Joint Declaration of the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board of STADA Arzneimittel AG concerning the German Corporate Governance Code pursuant to Section 161 of the German Stock Corporation Act (AktG) STADA Arzneimittel AG (“STADA”) had complied with the recommendations of the German Corporate Governance Code in the version of May 5, 2015 (published on June 12, 2015 in the Federal Gazette) since the last Declaration of Compliance on July 14, 2016, with the exception of the deviations as mentioned there, and STADA will comply with the recommendations of the German Corporate Governance Code in this version in future with the following deviations: In the last Declaration of Compliance dated July 14, 2016, the STADA Executive Board and Supervisory Board, as a matter of mere precaution, disclosed a deviation from the recommendations pursuant to Section 4.2.3 Para. 2 Sentence 4, Section 4.2.3 Para. 2 Sentence 6 and Section 4.2.3 Para. 2 Sentence 8 GCGC based on the system for remuneration of Executive Board members current at this point of time. Even on the basis of the system for remuneration of Executive Board members current at this point of time such disclosure would not have been necessary from a strictly legal point of view. Nevertheless, the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board of STADA had decided to include the information in the Declaration of Compliance 2016 in accordance with the results of a previously completed extensive Corporate Governance audit of STADA and to increase transparency for investors and the capital market. In December 2016, the Supervisory Board of STADA again reviewed the system for remuneration of Executive Board members and proposed a new remuneration system that does not give any grounds to disclose, even as a matter of mere precaution, a deviation at least from the recommendations pursuant to Section 4.2.3 Para. 2 Sentence 4 and Section 4.2.3 Para. 2 Sentence 8 GCGC. The Executive Board members of STADA are to be remunerated in line with this new remuneration system in future. The service contract concluded with Dr. Barthold Piening as a future Executive Board member has also already been based on the new remuneration system. The service contracts of the Executive Board members currently in office are still based on the remuneration system that was current at the time the Declaration of Compliance 2016 was issued. In view of the aforesaid, the Executive Board and Supervisory Board therefore disclose the following deviations, again as a matter of mere precaution: Group Management Report of the Executive Board89 Section 4.2.3 Para. 2 Sentence 4: Positive and negative development If the target is fallen short of by 25 percentage points or more, the variable remuneration of the members of the Executive Board is reduced to 0%. If the target is exceeded by more than 20 percentage points, the variable remuneration amounts to 180%. If more than 75% but a maximum of 120% of the target is achieved, the variable remuneration is calculated applying a formula. In addition, no parameters have been agreed through which any positive or negative development is reported, as the members of the Executive Board already participate in any positive or negative development with the regulation mentioned above. Section 4.2.3 Para. 2 Sentence 6: Caps The variable remuneration components which the company grants to the Executive Board members in addition to a fixed annual salary are limited in terms of amount by way of specified, clear mathematical formulae. In addition, customary fringe benefits are granted to each member of the Executive Board. These include in particular a company car the private use of which is also permitted, as well as insurances which STADA makes financial contributions to and/or bears the costs of. As regards the amounts of such fringe benefits, no caps have been determined since such costs vary and are not precisely foreseeable, and such determination would appear to be dispensable in line with the intent and purpose of the GCGC recommendation. Section 4.2.3 Para. 2 Sentence 8: No repricing The contracts of the members of the Executive Board do not exclude subsequent changes to the performance targets or comparative parameters. The Executive Board contracts stipulate, among other things, that the Supervisory Board may choose a suitable share index other than the MDAX when calculating the deferral payment amount of the long-term variable remuner- ation, e.g. in the case that STADA is not an MDAX-listed company anymore. The regulations stipulated in the contracts of the members of the Executive Board which allow such changes enable the Supervisory Board to avoid any positive or negative disincentives that could result from any unpredicted development. Bad Vilbel, March 2, 2017 signed signed Carl Ferdinand Oetker Dr. Matthias Wiedenfels Chairman of the Supervisory Board Chairman of the Executive Board Declaration of Compliance 2016 Joint Declaration of the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board of STADA Arzneimittel AG concerning the German Corporate Governance Code pursuant to Section 161 of the German Stock Corporation Act (AktG) STADA Arzneimittel AG (“STADA”) had complied with the recommendations of the German Corporate Governance Code in the version of May 5, 2015 (published on June 12, 2015 in the Federal Gazette) since the last Declaration of Compliance on October 8, 2015, with the exception of the deviations as mentioned there, and STADA will comply with the recommendations of the German Corporate Governance Code in this version in future with the following deviations. The STADA Executive Board and Supervisory Board are of the opinion that the following disclosures made on Section 4.2.3 Para. 2 Sentence 4, Section 4.2.3 Para. 2 Sentence 6 and Section 4.2.3 Para. 2 Sentence 8 would not be necessary from a strictly legal point of view. However, the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board of STADA have decided to include the information in the Declaration of Compliance 2016 in accordance with the results of the extensive Corporate Governance audit of STADA and to increase transparency for investors and the capital market. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Corporate Governance Report incl. Corporate Governance Declaration 90 Section 4.2.3 Para. 2 Sentence 4: Positive and negative development If the target is fallen short of by 25 percentage points or more, the variable remuneration of the members of the Executive Board is reduced to 0%. If the target is exceeded by more than 20 percentage points, the variable remuneration amounts to 180%. If more than 75% but a maximum of 120% of the target is achieved, the variable remuneration is calculated applying a formula. In addition, no parameters have been agreed through which any positive or negative development is reported, as the members of the Executive Board already participate in any positive or negative development with the regulation mentioned above. Section 4.2.3 Para. 2 Sentence 6: Caps The company grants fringe benefits to each member of the Executive Board, in particular a company car. Private use of the car is also permitted. Any costs incurred for the maintenance and use of the vehicle are covered by STADA. Moreover, STADA grants the members of the Executive Board financial contributions to and/or pays for insurances. As regards the amounts of such fringe benefits, there are no caps as such costs vary and are not precisely foreseeable. Since no caps with regard to the amounts have been determined, there are also no caps for the amount of the remuneration in general. There are, however, caps for variable remuneration. These do not indicate amounts but are to be calculated applying mathematical formulae. Since the mathematical formulae are very comprehensible, this presentation serves to improve readability of the Executive Board contracts. Section 4.2.3 Para. 2 Sentence 8: No repricing The contracts of the members of the Executive Board do not exclude subsequent changes to the performance targets or comparative parameters. The Executive Board contracts stipulate, among other things, that the Supervisory Board may choose a suitable share index other than the MDAX when calculating the deferral payment amount of the long-term variable remuner- ation, e.g. in the case that STADA is not an MDAX-listed company anymore. The regulations stipulated in the contracts of the members of the Executive Board which allow such changes enable the Supervisory Board to avoid any positive or negative disincentives that could result from any unpredicted development. Section 5.4.1 Para. 2 Sentence 1: Age limit and regular length of membership for the members of the Supervisory Board The objectives specified by the Supervisory Board regarding its composition do not contain an age limit or a regular limit of length of membership of the Supervisory Board. To date, the Supervisory Board has been of the opinion that age is not a suitable criterion for choosing qualified candidates. However, it has been considered to comply with the recommendation in Section 5.4.1, Para. 2, Sentence 1, which suggests an age limit, in the future. This is to be decided shortly. Furthermore, in the view of the Supervisory Board, the expertise of long-standing and experienced Supervisory Board members shall in principle also be made available to the company. A limit of maximum length of membership defined in advance is not considered appropriate by the Supervisory Board. Bad Vilbel, July 14, 2016 signed Dr. Martin Abend signed Dr. Matthias Wiedenfels Chairman of the Supervisory Board Chairman of the Executive Board Group Management Report of the Executive Board 91 2. Relevant information on Company practices Corporate governance STADA Arzneimittel AG is a joint stock corporation under German law and has a dual management and monitoring structure consisting of the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board. The third body of the Company is the Annual General Meeting. Furthermore, there is an Advisory Board according to the Articles of Incorporation. In the Executive Board and Supervisory Board’s view, good corporate governance is an important basis for the Company’s success. The Executive Board and the Supervisory Board of STADA view corporate governance as a comprehensive concept of responsible, transparent and value-based corporate management. The Executive Board, Supervisory Board and management staff ensure that corporate governance is actively approached and continuously developed in all areas at STADA. In addition to legal and regulatory requirements as well as the German Corporate Governance Code, corporate governance at STADA also comprises the standards of the internal control system and compliance, the regulations on organizational and supervisory duties in the Company, as well as STADA’s internal business guidelines and shared principles and values. Risk Management and Internal Auditing The responsible handling of risks is an element of good corporate governance. STADA has systematic risk management and a control system that puts the Executive Board in the position to recognize risks and market trends at an early stage and to immediately react to relevant changes in the risk profile. STADA’s risk management and control system thus contributes to the success of the Company. Risk management is part, in regular intervals, of the annual audit of financial statements as well as Internal Auditing. Details hereof can be found in the Group Management Report of this Annual Report in the “Opportunities and Risk Report” chapter. Furthermore, Internal Auditing supports the Executive Board as an independent department outside of the daily operational business. The department evaluates internal procedures and processes from an objective perspective and with the necessary distance. The objective is to achieve optimized business processes, reduced costs, increased efficiency, and to reach internally determined goals, by way of improved internal controls. Strong compliance culture Compliance comprises all actions taken by a company in line with legal requirements as well as the drafting and monitoring of internal regulations which a company places on itself. The goal of all compliance efforts is to avoid possible damage to the company and to prevent wrong-doing. At STADA, compliance is embedded in the mission statement of a responsible company leadership and corporate governance. The Compliance Office is responsible for the constant development of a Compliance Management System within STADA. The Compliance Office is an independent consultant and advisor for all departments and all employees of STADA. STADA’s Code of Conduct establishes binding Group-wide behavioral guidelines for the entire management and staff of the STADA Group. The aim of the Code of Conduct is to support all employees in legal and ethical challenges in their daily work and to provide them with orientation for correct behavior. Furthermore, internal guidelines, the so-called Corporate Policies, make these behavioral guidelines clearer for specific topics. With the aid of various measures such as e-learning measures, traditional training, regular newsletters and leaflets with compliance-relevant content, STADA employees are informed and trained on an ongoing basis of relevant legal requirements and internal guidelines. The Chief Compliance Officer, who is responsible for the Compliance Management System, reports to the Chairman of the Executive Board and Supervisory Board as well as the Audit Committee. The Chief Compliance Officer coordinates the entire system and receives complaints and information – anonymously if necessary – and follows up on suspected compliance breaches. Any suspicious cases reported are assessed and evaluated. If necessary, appropriate measures are introduced and processes are adapted. Disciplinary measures are also taken. These can range from a simple warning to the dismissal of the employee. The officer is supported in Germany and internationally by Compliance Managers, and by an external Ombudsman Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Corporate Governance Report incl. Corporate Governance Declaration 92 in Germany. In reporting year 2016 the compliance organization was further strengthened and the international exchange of compliance officers was intensified. In order to guarantee the adherence to legal regulations and internal company policies of compliance in an effective manner, STADA regularly controls and further develops the Compliance Management System based on risk. The Code of Conduct, the contact information of the Ombudsman along with further information regarding compliance, can be found on the company website at www.stada.de or www.stada.com in the Sustainability section of “Corporate Management”. Quality and safety, sustainability and environment, and the STADA mission statement Details on the topics of “quality”, “safety”, “sustainability” and “environment” and the mission statement of STADA can be found in the Group Management Report of this Annual Report in the chapters “Procurement, Production and Quality Management” and “Responsibility and Sustainability”. More detailed information on the discussed corporate governance practices at STADA as well as further information can also be found on the company website at www.stada.de or www.stada.com in the Sustainability section. 3. Description of the working practices of the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board as well as the composition and working practices of their committees The Executive Board and the Supervisory Board of STADA work in close cooperation for the good of the Company and, after extensive consultation, make fundamental strategic decisions in the context of their legal responsibilities. The Executive Board briefs the Supervisory Board – in the context of its legal obligation to make reports – regularly, promptly and comprehensively regarding all Company-relevant questions of strategy, planning, business development, the risk situation, risk management and compliance. It confirms the strategic orientation of the Company with the Supervisory Board and, in the course of the implementation of the strategy, discusses the respective status at regular intervals. Furthermore, the Chairman of the Super- visory Board maintains regular contact with the Executive Board, particularly with the Chairman of the Executive Board, and discusses with them the strategy, planning, business development, the risk situation, risk management and the compliance of STADA Arzneimittel AG and the Group. The Executive Board and the Supervisory Board adhere to the rules of proper corporate management and have each established their own rules of procedure. a) Executive Board The Executive Board is appointed and dismissed in accordance with legal regulations. The Articles of Incorporation do not provide special provisions on the appointment or dismissal of individual and all members of the Executive Board. Only the Supervisory Board is responsible for the appointment and dismissal. It appoints Executive Board members for a maximum period of five years. A repeated appointment or extension of the term is permitted, for a maximum of five years each. Tasks and responsibilities The Executive Board manages the Company with the objective of sustainable added value in its own responsibility in consider- ation of the concerns of the shareholders, its employees and other groups connected to the Company. The members of the Executive Board are jointly responsible for corporate governance. The Executive Board runs the businesses in accordance with the legal requirements, the Articles of Incorporation, the rules of procedure and the schedule of responsibilities. STADA’s Executive Board comprises at least two people in accordance with the Articles of Incorporation. The following changes occurred at Executive Board level in financial year 2016: On August 15, 2016, the long-standing Chairman of the Executive Board Hartmut Retzlaff resigned from his office as member of the Executive Board with immediate effect. The employment relationship between him and STADA Arzneimittel AG was ended with effect from December 31, 2016 by mutual agreement due to personal circumstances.1) The STADA Supervisory Board had already decided on a change at the company’s helm at an extraordinary meeting held on June 5, 2016, due to the serious and likely long-term illness of Mr. Retzlaff.2) The two remaining Executive Board members initially assumed his tasks on a temporary basis. 1) See the Company’s ad hoc release of August 15, 2016. 2) See the Company’s ad hoc release of June 5, 2016. Group Management Report of the Executive Board93 As of the reporting date, the Executive Board consisted of two members responsible for the following areas: • Dr. Matthias Wiedenfels, Chairman of the Executive Board (under contract until December 31, 2020) is the member of the STADA Executive Board responsible for Strategy, Business Development, Corporate Communications, Corporate Governance, Human Resources, Legal, IP/Patents, Corporate Compliance and Export Control, Quality Assurance and Quality Control, Research and Development as well as Production. • Helmut Kraft, Chief Financial, Marketing & Sales Officer (under contract until December 31, 2019), is responsible for, in addition to the area of finance (Corporate Accounting and Controlling, Corporate Treasury and Taxes) Marketing and Sales, Investor Relations, Internal Revision, Corporate IT, Business Excellence and Business Transformation, Purchasing and Supply Chain, Portfolio Management, Biotechnology, Market Research and Risk Management. On January 23, 2017, the Supervisory Board announced that it had appointed Dr. Barthold Piening as a full Member of the Executive Board.1) Dr. Piening will take up his position on April 1, 2017 and will assume responsibility for Production, Research and Development, Biotechnology and Quality Assurance and Control. Working practices of the Executive Board Despite the overall responsibility of the Executive Board, each member of the Executive Board is responsible for managing his area of the business. The distribution of the business areas to individual members of the Executive Board results from a schedule of responsibilities that is a component of the rules of procedure for the Executive Board. The Executive Board as a whole decides upon all matters of fundamental and/or strategic significance or of particular importance for the Company. All members of the Executive Board inform themselves of the significant proceedings within the business areas. Regarding proceedings that also impact the business area of another member of the Executive Board, a member of the Executive Board confers with other affected members of the Executive Board before coming to a decision. According to the rules of procedure for the Executive Board, the Chairman of the Executive Board is responsible for the coordination of the Executive Board as a whole. The Chairman of the Executive Board represents the Executive Board and the Company in public matters, in particular concerning authorities, associations, economic organizations and publication outlets. He can delegate this task to another member of the Executive Board for particular areas or in individual cases. The Executive Board regularly holds Executive Board meetings that are convened by the Chairman of the Executive Board. Upon request of a member of the Executive Board, the Chairman must convene an Executive Board meeting. The Executive Board can make resolutions when all members have been invited and at least half of the members take part in the resolution. The Executive Board passes resolutions with a simple majority of votes cast. Absent members of the Executive Board can cast their votes in written form, via text or telephone. The use of a representative is not permitted. Resolution by circulation procedure is also possible provided no member of the Executive Board objects. In case of a tie, the Chairman of the Executive Board shall have the deciding vote. If the Chairman of the Executive Board is absent or delayed, the proposed resolution is rejected in the case of a tie. For certain business defined in the Executive Board’s rules of procedure, the Executive Board must first obtain the approval of the Supervisory Board. The STADA Executive Board has not established any Executive Board committees. Conflicts of interest According to the rules of procedure of the Executive Board, every member of the Executive Board is required to disclose conflicts of interest without delay to the Supervisory Board and to inform the other members of the Executive Board of this (Section 4.3.3 of the German Corporate Governance Code, GCGC). Carrying out ancillary activities, particularly taking on Group-external Supervisory Board positions, requires the prior approval of the Supervisory Board. Remuneration report The Remuneration Report, which can be found in the Group Management Report of the Executive Board, presents the principles of the remuneration system of the Executive Board of STADA as well as individual details of the remuneration of individual members of the Executive Board. It is also published on the Company’s website at www.stada.de or www.stada.com in the Corporate Governance section. 1) See the Company’s investor news of January 23, 2017. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Corporate Governance Report incl. Corporate Governance Declaration 94 b) Supervisory Board In accordance with the provisions of the German One-Third Participation Act, the STADA Supervisory Board is comprised of nine members, of which six are representatives of the shareholders and three represent employees. The Annual General Meeting elects the shareholder representatives in accordance with the German Stock Corporation Act and employees elect employee representatives in accordance with the German One-Third Participation Act. The Supervisory Board included the following members on the reporting date: • Carl Ferdinand Oetker, Managing Partner of FO Holding GmbH, Bielefeld (Chairman) • Jens Steegers, Chairman of the Worker’s Council released from duty, Frankfurt am Main (Deputy Chairman; Employee representative) • Dr. Eric Cornut, Independent Consultant, Binningen, Switzerland • Halil Duru, Deputy Chairman of the Worker’s Council released from duty, Frankfurt am Main (Employee Representative) • Rolf Hoffmann, Adjunct Professor at University of North Carolina Kenan-Flagler Business School (Chapel Hill, USA), Weggis, Switzerland • Dr. Birgit Kudlek, Manager in the Pharma Industry, Bad Soden • Tina Müller, Chief Marketing Officer/Member of the Managing Directors Board Opel Group GmbH, Vice President, General Motors, Frankfurt am Main • Dr. Ute Pantke, Director Special Brand Projects, Wettenberg (Employee Representative) • Dr. Gunnar Riemann, Independent Business Consultant in the Life Science Industry, Berlin The term in office of the shareholder representatives Carl Ferdinand Oetker and Dr. Eric Cornut will end with the completion of the Annual General Meeting 2018. The remaining shareholder representatives in the Supervisory Board were elected by the Annual General Meeting on August 26, 2016 until completion of the Annual General Meeting 2021. The employee representa- tives have been appointed until completion of the Annual General Meeting 2019. Tasks and responsibilities The Supervisory Board appoints the members of the Executive Board. Furthermore, the Supervisory Board monitors and advises the Executive Board in the running of its business operations. Through a regular dialog with the Executive Board, the Supervisory Board is informed of the business development, strategy, corporate planning, the risk situation, risk management and compliance. It agrees the company planning and approves the annual financial statements of STADA Arzneimittel AG and the consolidated financial statements of the STADA Group. Working practices of the Supervisory Board The Chairman of the Supervisory Board is responsible for the coordination of work, chairing Supervisory Board meetings and handling the external matters of the Supervisory Board. The Chairman of the Supervisory Board convenes the Supervisory Board in writing at least 14 days, which may be reduced in exceptional cases, prior to a meeting according to need. Meetings of the Supervisory Board should convene at least once per quarter and must convene twice within a half year (see also Section 16 (5) of the Articles of Incorporation). The meetings of the Supervisory Board and its committees shall as a rule be by personal attendance. In exceptional cases with good reason, the Chairman of the Supervisory Board can elect to hold the meetings of the Supervisory Board and its committees in the form of a telephone or video conference, or permit individual members of the Supervisory Board to participate via telephone or video connection. The Supervisory Board generally passes resolutions in meetings. Outside of meetings, resolutions made via telephone or in written form (via telefax or with the aid of other common means of communication such as e-mail) are permitted. The Super- visory Board shall constitute a quorum if at least two thirds of its members, including the Chairman of the Supervisory Board or the deputy, are present, or absent members have had another member of the Supervisory Board submit their written vote. Supervisory Board resolutions are passed with a simple majority of votes cast. In case of a tie, the chairman of the meeting shall have the casting vote. Group Management Report of the Executive Board95 Composition and working practices of the Supervisory Board committees The Supervisory Board had four Supervisory Board committees in the reporting year: an Audit Committee, a Human Resources Committee, a Strategy Committee and a Nomination Committee. • Audit Committee The Audit Committee deals in particular with monitoring the accounting process, the effectiveness of the internal control system and that of the internal auditing system, the risk management system and compliance. Furthermore, the Audit Committee deals with the financial statement audits, in particular the required independence of the auditor, the additional tasks rendered by the auditor, the award of the audit contract to the auditor, the determination of the main areas for the audit and the fees agreement with the auditor. In addition, it discusses the annual and interim reports with the Executive Board prior to their publication. The chairman of the Audit Committee shall have specialist knowledge and experience in the application of accounting principles and internal control processes. Furthermore, the Chairman of the Audit Committee shall be independent and neither the Chairman of the Supervisory Board, nor a former member of the Executive Board whose position ended less than two years ago. As of the reporting date, the Audit Committee consisted of the Supervisory Board members Dr. Gunnar Riemann (Chairman), Dr. Birgit Kudlek, Carl Ferdinand Oetker and Jens Steegers. As Chairman of the Audit Committee, Dr. Gunnar Riemann fulfills the above requirements of a so-called independent financial expert. • Human Resources Committee The Chairman of the Supervisory Board is the Chairman of the Human Resources Committee. The Human Resources Committee prepares the personnel decisions of the Supervisory Board related to Executive Board appointments. The com- mittee discusses, in particular, the conditions of the employment contracts for the members of the Executive Board and prepares the resolutions of the Supervisory Board regarding the remuneration system of the Executive Board in that it recommends to the Supervisory Board the structure of the remuneration system and the ranges of the fixed and variable components of the remuneration of the Executive Board. In addition, it ensures together with the Executive Board that long- term succession planning takes place. Moreover, the Human Resources Committee consults with the Executive Board regarding the strategic personnel development of STADA Arzneimittel AG and prepares the decisions of the Supervisory Board in this area. The members of the Human Resources Committee on the reorting date were the Supervisory Board members Carl Ferdinand Oetker (Chairman), Halil Duru, Rolf Hoffmann and Tina Müller. • Strategy Committee The Supervisory Board established a Strategy Committee on September 26, 2016. In cooperation with the Executive Board, the Strategy Committee advises on strategic perspectives, positioning and further development of the company and prepares fundamental decisions of the entire Supervisory Board. It deals with fundamental questions of Group strategy including the operating policy and business orientation of the Group. It monitors the competitive situation of the company and advises on possible strategy changes together with the Executive Board in this context. It supervises strategic processes and strategy implementation. As of the reporting date, the Strategy Committee consisted of Supervisory Board members Dr. Eric Cornut (Chairman), Rolf Hoffmann, Dr. Birgit Kudlek, Tina Müller and Dr. Ute Pantke. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Corporate Governance Report incl. Corporate Governance Declaration 96 • Nomination Committee In accordance with the German Corporate Governance Code, the Supervisory Board established a Nomination Committee on May 22, 2016. Its task is to make recommend suitable candidates for the election of shareholder representatives to Supervisory Board through the Annual General Meeting to the Supervisory Board and to manage the objectives for the composition of the Supervisory Board. The Nomination Committee deals exclusively with shareholder representatives. It meets when required. Its members do not receive any special committee remuneration. As of the reorting date, the Nomination Committee consisted of the shareholder representatives Carl Ferdinand Oetker (Chairman), Rolf Hoffmann and Tina Müller. Prior to May 22, 2016, a Nomination Committee, consisting of the Chairman of the Human Resources Committee and the Audit Committee existed, with the task of developing objectives and a profile for the composition of the Supervisory Board. The Supervisory Board Report contains more detailed information on its meetings and the focus of the Supervisory Board’s activities and its committees. Individualized disclosure of meeting participation The Supervisory Board considers the individualized disclosure of participation in meetings of the Supervisory Board Plenum and the Supervisory Board committees as part of good corporate governance. Supervisory Board Plenum Dr. Martin Abend1) Dr. Eckhard Brüggemann1) Dr. Eric Cornut2) Halil Duru Dr. Arnold Hertzsch1) Rolf Hoffmann2) Dieter Koch1) Dr. Birgit Kudlek2) Constantin Meyer1) Tina Müller2) Carl Ferdinand Oetker Dr. Ute Pantke Dr. Gunnar Riemann2) Jens Steegers Meeting participation Attendance in % 9/9 8/9 7/7 15/16 9/9 7/7 8/9 7/7 9/9 6/7 15/16 15/16 7/7 15/16 100 88.88 100 93.75 100 100 88.88 100 100 85.71 93.75 93.75 100 93.75 1) Member of the Supervisory Board until the end of the Annual General Meeting, August 26, 2016. 2) Member of the Supervisory Board since the end of the Annual General Meeting, August 26, 2016. Group Management Report of the Executive Board97 Meeting participation Attendance in % 5/5 5/5 3/3 8/8 3/3 7/8 100 100 100 100 100 87.5 Meeting participation Attendance in % 3/3 8/8 5/5 3/3 2/3 5/5 5/5 100 100 100 100 66.6 100 100 Meeting participation Attendance in % 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 1/1 100 100 100 100 100 Meeting participation Attendance in % 4/4 0/0 3/4 0/0 4/4 100 – 75 – 100 Audit Committee Dr. Martin Abend1) Dr. Arnold Hertzsch1) Dr. Birgit Kudlek2) Carl Ferdinand Oetker Dr. Gunnar Riemann2) Jens Steegers Human Resources Committee Dr. Martin Abend1) Halil Duru Rolf Hoffmann2) Dieter Koch1) Constantin Meyer1) Tina Müller2) Carl Ferdinand Oetker3) Strategy Committee (since September 26, 2016) Dr. Eric Cornut2) Rolf Hoffmann2) Dr. Birgit Kudlek2) Tina Müller2) Dr. Ute Pantke Nomination Committee (since May 22, 2016) Dr. Martin Abend1) Rolf Hoffmann2) Dieter Koch1) Tina Müller2) Carl Ferdinand Oetker 1) Member of the Supervisory Board until the end of the Annual General Meeting, August 26, 2016. 2) Member of the Supervisory Board since the end of the Annual General Meeting, August 26, 2016. 3) Member of the Human Resources Committee since September 26, 2016. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Corporate Governance Report incl. Corporate Governance Declaration 98 Objectives for the composition of the Supervisory Board The Supervisory Board is to be composed in a manner that its members as a whole have the required knowledge, abilities and specialist experience in order to appropriately assume the tasks. Prior to the elections at the Annual General Meeting in 2013, the Supervisory Board established objectives for its composition and punctually updated these objectives in 2015.1) In terms of its composition and as part of the early new election of some of the shareholder representatives in financial year 2016, the Supervisory Board established the following requirements for the shareholder representatives: 1. General objectives, which apply to all Supervisory Board members The members of the Supervisory Board are to fulfill the following general criteria: • Fulfillment of the requirements of the German Stock Corporation Act and German Corporate Governance Code • Professional excellence • Independence in terms of STADA Arzneimittel AG and its major stakeholders • Sufficient availability and commitment • Very good knowledge of German and English • Integrative communication, persuasiveness, common creative drive • Modern understanding of business ethics and overall responsibility 2. Professional requirements that at least one Supervisory Board member must fulfill The following professional criteria are each to be fulfilled by at least one Supervisory Board member: • Pharmaceutical perspective, ideally trained as a pharmacist, pharmacologist or pharmaceutical-related natural scientist or a medical doctor • Leadership experience in the European pharma industry • Understanding of eastern European markets with a focus on CIS • Expertise in the market for generics and biosimilar • Leadership experience with various distribution channels, in particular in the non-food/fast-moving consumer goods sector • Experience with trademarks/branding issues • Strong finance background (e.g. experience in accounting, auditing financial statements, financing and capital market issues) • Knowledge of relevant corporate law questions and important regulatory issues. 3. Balance criteria that the Supervisory Board (shareholder representatives) must fulfill overall as a Board The following criteria must be fulfilled by the Supervisory Board (shareholder representatives) overall as Board: • Age: Majority of the shareholder representatives born in 1956 or later, if possible no member born before 1951 • Board experience: Two to four of the shareholder representatives to be or have been on the Supervisory Board of a listed company • Knowledge transfer and stability: At least two of the shareholder representatives to have been on the Supervisory Board of STADA Arzneimittel AG for several years • Gender: At least two shareholder representatives are to be male/female. The Supervisory Board continually monitors the currentness and implementation of the objectives for its composition. With the current composition following the election of five new shareholder representatives by the Annual General Meeting of August 26, 2016, the Supervisory Board believes that the stated objectives in terms of the share holder representatives are fulfilled. 1) See the 2015 Annual Report, page 41 ff. Group Management Report of the Executive Board 99 As regards the number of independent members in accordance with Section 5.4.2 GCGC, the Supervisory Board continues to believe that all shareholder representatives in the Supervisory Board of STADA Arzneimittel AG should be independent. In the view of the Supervisory Board, this applies to all shareholder representatives with the exception Dr. Eric Cornut, who was elected to the Supervisory Board on the recommendation of shareholder Active Ownership Fund SICAV-FIS SCS. At the beginning of financial year 2017, the newly composed Supervisory Board agreed the following general age limits and limits for the duration of membership of the Supervisory Board: “Supervisory Board members shall generally not hold their position for longer than the Annual General Meeting in the year after they turn 75 (general age limit). Election recommendations are to take into account the duration of membership of the Supervisory Board of three full terms (generally 15 years).” This stipulation is met in the current composition of the Supervisory Board. The newly composed Supervisory Board decided in December 2016 as a Board to carry out, and detailed the decision in January 2017, a comprehensive effectiveness and efficiency audit in financial year 2017 that goes beyond the usual methods (see below), and plans to incorporate the findings in the designation process when the specific goals for its composition are updated. In connection with this, work on the competencies profile shall be extended to the Board as a whole. Competencies are dis tributed among the shareholders as follows: Carl Ferdinand Oetker (Chair) Dr. Eric Cornut Rolf Hoffmann Dr. Birgit Kudlek Tina Müller Dr. Gunnar Riemann Professional criteria1) Pharmaceutical perspective (pharmacist/ pharmacologist) Leadership experience in the European pharma industry Understanding of Eastern European markets/CIS International corporate background Expertise in the market in Generics and Biosimilars Leadership experience with various distribution channels, in particular non food/fast-moving consumer goods Marketing/Branding know how Financial expertise Experience on public company Supervisory Boards Experience with M&A Regulatory Experience (focus: pharma) Corporate Governance, Corporate Law & Compliance Conflicts of interest According to the rules of procedure of the Supervisory Board, members of the Supervisory Board shall not be a member of any board at, or provide consulting services to, significant competitors of the Company. Furthermore, the Supervisory Board members are required to disclose conflicts of interest to the Supervisory Board, particularly those which may arise as a result of consultation or board membership with customers, suppliers, banks or other third parties. Significant and not only temporary conflicts of interest for an individual in the Supervisory Board shall result in termination of the position. In its report, the Super- visory Board informs the Annual General Meeting whether conflicts of interest were recognized and how they were handled. 1) = fully applies. = partially applies. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Corporate Governance Report incl. Corporate Governance Declaration 100 Efficiency review The Supervisory Board regularly reviews the efficiency of its activities in accordance with Section 5.6 of the German Corporate Governance Code GCGC. Due to the major changes in its composition in financial year 2016, the Supervisory Board agreed in its December meeting to carry out a comprehensive effectiveness and efficiency audit in financial year 2017 that goes beyond the usual method of questionnaires, and to also enlist the services of an independent, external auditor (among other things to carry out structured one-on-one interviews, analyses and have discussions with the Board). The efficiency audit serves to evaluate the effectiveness and efficiency of the Supervisory Board. The objective is to critically evaluate the working practices and composition of the Board as well as to derive possible suggestions for improvement, including, in terms of optimizing work processes, the organization of the reporting system, as well as the improvement of the performance of the Supervisory Board as a monitoring body and the lawfulness of the Board’s work. Remuneration report The principles of the remuneration system of the STADA Supervisory Board as well as individual details of the remuneration of individual members of the Supervisory Board are discussed in the Group Management Report of this Annual Report in the “Remuneration Report” chapter. c) Advisory Board The Chairman of the Supervisory Board convenes the members of the Advisory Board of STADA Arzneimittel AG upon re- commendation of the Executive and Supervisory Boards. According to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, the duty of the Advisory Board is to support and advise the Executive and Supervisory Boards. Furthermore, members of the Advisory Board are available to act as proxy for shareholders who do not wish to exercise their voting rights in person at the Annual General Meeting. The Advisory Board had 11 members on the reporting date. The currently elected eleven members of the Advisory Board are appointed until the end of financial year 2018. The principles of the remuneration system of the STADA Advisory Board are discussed in the Group Management Report of this Annual Report in the “Remuneration Report” chapter. 4. Specifications of Section 76 (4) and Section 111 (5) AktG as well as information regarding whether the set targets were reached during the reference period and justification if not reached In accordance with Section 76 (4) AktG and Section 111 (5) AktG, the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board have agreed the following targets for the proportion of women in the Supervisory Board, the Executive Board and the subsequent two management levels. The initial deadline for implementation is June 30, 2017. a) Specifications by the Executive Board in accordance with Section 76 (4) AktG In financial year 2015, the Executive Board agreed unanimously on the following targets for the proportion of women in the two management levels below the Executive Board of STADA Arzneimittel AG, in accordance with Section 76 (4) AktG: The existing proportion of women in the first management level at 23.5% and at 25% in the second management level should at least be maintained for the period up to June 30, 2017. The first management level includes employees of STADA Arznei- mittel AG who have personnel responsibility and a direct reporting line to the Executive Board, the second management level includes employees of STADA Arzneimittel AG with personnel responsibility and a direct reporting line to the first management level. As before, the Executive Board will continue to ensure an appropriate promotion of women to continually increase the proportion of women in management positions. The proportion of women of over 50% across the entire workforce of the STADA Group forms the basis for this. However, management positions are awarded primarily based on the professional and personal qualifications of the candidate, rather than based on gender. Group Management Report of the Executive Board101 b) Specifications by the Supervisory Board in accordance with Section 111 (5) AktG In financial year 2015, in accordance with Section 111 (5) AktG as regards the setting of targets for the proportion of women in the Executive Board, the Supervisory Board agreed to initially maintain the status quo of 0% until June 30, 2017. Positions on the Executive Board are awarded primarily based on the professional and personal qualifications of the candidate, rather than based on gender. In awarding future Executive Board positions the Supervisory Board will consider an appropriate proportion of women. As regards the setting of targets for the proportion of women on the Supervisory Board, in financial year 2015 the Supervisory Board agreed to at least maintain the status quo of the time until June 30, 2017 and set a target of at least 11.11% for the proportion of women in the Supervisory Board. The Supervisory Board also agreed to continue to promote the proportion of women on its board, however the professional and personal qualifications of the candidate rather than the gender are con- sidered most important. As part of the elections to the Supervisory Board, which were partially completed ahead of schedule in financial year 2016, at the recommendation of the Supervisory Board, Dr. Birgit Kudlek and Tina Müller were appointed to the Supervisory Board as female shareholder representatives by the Annual General Meeting of August 26, 2016, as a result of which the actual proportion of women is currently 33.33%, including Dr. Ute Pantke. c) Report on the achievement of goals The Annual Report 2017, after the deadline of June 30, 2017, will report on the achievement of the objectives. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Corporate Governance Report incl. Corporate Governance Declaration 102 Shareholders and the Annual General Meeting The shareholders1) assume their rights in the Annual General Meeting and exercise their voting rights. Each STADA share2) grants entitlement to one vote. Shareholders have the option to exercise their voting right themselves in the Annual General Meeting or to have their voting right exercised by an authorized representative of their choice or by way of a voting representative from the Company, who is bound by instructions. Every shareholder is entitled to participate in the Annual General Meeting, to speak on individual agenda items there and to request information about Company issues, if this is required for the appropriate assessment of an item on the agenda. The Annual General Meeting takes place annually in the first eight months of the financial year and passes resolutions, among other things, on the allocation of profits, the approval of the Executive Board and Supervisory Board, the selection of the auditor as well as on any changes to the Articles of Incorporation and capital-changing measures. Securities Transactions Subject to Reporting and Shares Held by the Executive Board and Supervisory Board As of the reporting date, the total number of shares of STADA Arzneimittel AG held by Executive Board and Supervisory Board members amounted to less than 1% of the shares issued by the company. Members of the Executive Board held a total of 3,000 shares; this corresponds to 0.005% of the share capital of STADA Arzneimittel AG; members of the Supervisory Board held a total of 3,260 shares; this corresponds to 0.005% of the share capital of STADA Arzneimittel AG. This translates into the follow- ing individual breakdown of shares held as of December 31, 2016: Mr. Kraft: 3,000 shares, Mr. Oetker: 2,000 shares, Mr. Steegers: 25 shares, Dr. Kudlek: 935 shares, Dr. Pantke: 300 shares. In accordance with Article 19 of the EU Directive No. 596/2014 of the European Parliament and Council of April 16, 2014 on market abuse (Market Abuse Directive), Members of the Executive Board and Supervisory Board as well as closely related persons are obligated to disclose share transactions or debt and equity securities of STADA Arzneimittel AG or related financial instruments if the value of the transactions reaches or exceeds € 5,000 within one calendar year. The transactions reported in the past financial year were published on the company’s website at www.stada.de/investor-relations/aktie/directors-dealings. Transparent Corporate Governance In order to ensure transparent corporate governance, STADA informs shareholders, financial analysts, other capital market participants, the media and the interested public regularly and promptly about the situation of the Company and about any significant business changes. In order to ensure the equal treatment of all users and to provide market participants the same information in terms of content and in due time, STADA provides all the important documentation on the company’s website at www.stada.de and www.stada.com. There, all interested individuals are provided access, in particular, to all compulsory information such as financial reports (annual and interim reports) and ad hoc releases, voting rights notices, reports in accordance with Article 19 of the Market Abuse Directive (Director’s Dealings), information on the Annual General Meeting, as well as other comprehensive Company and share information such as investor news, press releases, Company profile, financial calendar, presentations and current share price information on STADA (including peer group comparisons). The Company generally publishes up-to-date presentations on its website for the capital markets. The reporting about the situation and results of STADA Arzneimittel AG and the STADA Group is delivered by the Annual Report, the interim reports and at press and analysts’ conferences, which can generally be followed live and can be viewed for some time as a recording on the STADA website at www.stada.de and www.stada.com. 1) For capital and shareholder structure see “The STADA Share”. 2) In accordance with the Articles of Incorporation, registered STADA shares grant one vote at the Annual General Meeting. Shareholders are only those who are registered as such in the share registry and only such persons are authorized to participate in the Annual General Meeting and to exercise voting rights. No shareholder and no shareholder group shall have any special rights. Group Management Report of the Executive Board103 Financial Reporting and Financial Statement Audit STADA prepares the consolidated financial statements and the consolidated interim financial statements in accordance with the relevant international financial reporting standards and the Annual Financial Statements of STADA Arzneimittel AG in accordance with the rules and regulations of the German Commercial Code. The auditor and Supervisory Board audit the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Consolidated Interim Financial State- ments for the first half of the year provided by the Executive Board. The Audit Committee discusses the interim financial reports with the Executive Board prior to their publishing. STADA publishes the Annual Financial Statements of STADA Arzneimittel AG (including the Management Report) and the Consolidated Financial Statements of the STADA Group (including the Group Management Report) within 90 days of the end of the respective financial year and, in addition, informs shareholders and third parties during the year via interim financial reports within 45 days of the end of the reporting period. The Consolidated Interim Financial Report for the first half of the year is vol- untarily audited by the auditor elected by the Annual General Meeting for this purpose. The Annual Financial Statements of STADA Arzneimittel AG and the Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2016 as well as the Management Report and the Group Management Report for financial year 2016 were audited by PKF Deutschland GmbH, Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft, Hamburg. Annika Fröde was appointed as the responsible auditor for the audit of the Annual and Consolidated Financial Statements 2016 for the first time (previously auditor Santosh Varughese). The Company does not have a stock option plan. The significant investments of the Company as well as the related parties are presented in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements. Prior to submitting the nomination, the Audit Committee receives a declaration from the selected auditor of whether and to what extent commercial, financial, personal or other relationships exist between the auditor, its board members and head auditors on one side, and STADA and its members of governing bodies on the other side, which could represent any doubts regarding the independence of the auditor. The declaration also covers to what extent in the past financial year other services were provided – or have been contractually agreed upon for the following year – to the Company, in particular in the area of consultancy. The Supervisory Board agreed with the auditor that the Chairman of the Supervisory Board or Audit Committee shall be informed without delay of any possible grounds for exclusion or bias arising during the audit insofar as these are not remedied immediately. Furthermore, the Supervisory Board agreed with the auditor that the auditor shall report without delay on all facts and events of importance for the tasks of the Supervisory Board which arise during the performance of the audit, as well as that the auditor shall disclose and/or note in the Auditor’s Report if, during the performance of the audit, the auditor comes across facts which show a misstatement by the Executive Board and Supervisory Board in the declaration on the German Corporate Governance Code. The auditor participates in the meetings of the Supervisory Board regarding the semi-annual, annual and consolidated financial statements and reports the significant results of the audit. Group Management Report of the Executive Board | Corporate Governance Report incl. Corporate Governance Declaration PassioBalance® – Finding the right balance. Hoggar® Night – Sleep well. STADA CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 2016 105 CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT 106 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET 107 108 General Information Notes to the Consolidated Income Statement Notes to the Consolidated Balance Sheet Other Disclosures 112 112 138 147 174 CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT 109 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY 110 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Table of Contents106 CONSOLIDATED INCOME STATEMENT Consolidated Income Statement for the period from Jan. 1 to Dec. 31 in € 000s 2016 Previous year Note Sales Cost of sales Gross profit Selling expenses General and administrative expenses Research and development expenses Other income Other expenses Operating profit Result from investments measured at equity Investment income Financial income Financial expenses Financial result Earnings before taxes Income taxes Earnings after taxes thereof • distributable to shareholders of STADA Arzneimittel AG (net income) • distributable to non-controlling shareholders Earnings per share in € (basic) Earnings per share in € (diluted)1) 2,139,220 2,115,129 1,105,313 1,101,709 1,033,907 1,013,420 488,323 182,696 65,111 19,279 138,933 178,123 703 24 2,716 54,137 -50,694 127,429 31,938 95,491 85,904 9,587 1.38 – 482,643 178,364 64,993 20,032 83,709 223,743 1,419 138 1,170 68,667 -65,940 157,803 40,638 117,165 110,404 6,761 1.79 1.79 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 1) Earnings per share will not be diluted in financial year 2016, because the share options from the STADA warrants in connection with the Conditional Capital Increase 2004/I expired on June 26, 2015. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 107 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income in € 000s 2016 Previous year Note Earnings after taxes 95,491 117,165 Items to be recycled to the income statement in future: Currency translation gains and losses -13,914 8,928 thereof • income taxes Gains and losses on available-for-sale financial assets thereof • income taxes Gains and losses on hedging instruments (cash flow hedges) thereof • income taxes -1,493 – – 913 -360 352 -22 5 1,054 -338 Items not to be recycled to the income statement in future: Revaluation of net debt from defined benefit plans -4,980 2,822 thereof • income taxes 1,226 -23 Other comprehensive income -17,981 12,782 Consolidated comprehensive income 77,510 129,947 thereof • distributable to shareholders of STADA Arzneimittel AG • distributable to non-controlling shareholders 66,520 10,990 120,584 9,363 34. 19. 45. 19. 45. 19. 35. 19. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Consolidated Income Statement | Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income 108 CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET Consolidated Balance Sheet as of Dec. 31 in € 000s Assets Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Note Non-current assets Intangible assets Property, plant and equipment Financial assets Investments measured at equity Other financial assets Other assets Deferred tax assets Current assets Inventories Trade accounts receivable Income tax receivables Other financial assets Other assets Cash and cash equivalents Non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale 1,949,543 2,032,309 1,582,361 1,649,020 322,715 321,617 2,236 13,872 4,450 3,095 20,814 1,339 13,168 8,718 4,374 34,073 1,490,901 1,255,106 484,904 489,071 12,816 39,880 28,690 352,580 82,960 501,520 485,901 21,182 74,279 29,046 143,178 – 24. 25. 26. 27. 29. 30. 19. 31. 28. 19. 29. 30. 32. 33. Total assets 3,440,444 3,287,415 Equity and liabilities Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 1,047,105 1,018,530 34. Equity Share capital Capital reserve Retained earnings including net income Other provisions Treasury shares Equity attributable to shareholders of the parent Shares relating to non-controlling shareholders Non-current borrowed capital Other non-current provisions Financial liabilities Other financial liabilities Other liabilities Deferred tax liabilities Current borrowed capital Other provisions Financial liabilities Trade accounts payable Income tax liabilities Other financial liabilities Other liabilities 162,090 514,189 673,253 -379,074 -1,418 969,040 78,065 162,090 514,171 635,344 -364,105 -1,458 946,042 72,488 1,493,712 1,282,577 35,997 28,869 1,336,414 1,084,213 3,916 969 116,416 899,627 20,273 134,343 336,844 60,625 214,031 118,933 7,201 2,053 160,241 986,308 22,532 274,672 328,487 39,444 218,792 102,381 35. 36. 38. 39. 19. 40. 36. 37. 19. 38. 39. 33. Non-current liabilities and associated liabilities of disposal groups held for sale and disposal groups Total assets 14,578 – 3,440,444 3,287,415 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 109 CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOW STATEMENT Consolidated Cash Flow Statement in € 000s Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Note Net income Depreciation and amortization net of write-ups of non-current assets Income taxes Income tax paid Interest income and expenses Interest and dividends received Interest paid Result from investments measured at equity Result from the disposals of non-current assets Additions to / reversals of other non-current provisions Currency translation income and expenses Other non-cash expenses and gains1) Gross cash flow Changes in inventories Changes in trade accounts receivable Changes in trade accounts payable Changes in other net assets, unless attributable to investing or financing activities1) Cash flow from operating activities Payments for investments in • intangible assets • property, plant and equipment • financial assets • business combinations according to IFRS 3 Proceeds from the disposal of • intangible assets • property, plant and equipment • financial assets • shares in consolidated companies Cash flow from investing activities Borrowing of funds Settlement of financial liabilities Dividend distribution Capital increase from share options Changes in non-controlling interests Changes in treasury shares Cash flow from financing activities 95,491 182,657 31,938 -18,580 50,175 4,161 -50,548 -703 1,438 3,127 9,379 211,976 520,511 -18,012 1,248 5,038 -175,263 333,522 -76,127 -49,765 -4,869 -52,901 4,000 6,142 – 854 117,165 151,848 40,638 -29,940 64,434 4,674 -69,886 -1,419 -2,317 6,125 19,549 229,469 530,340 -52,918 -12,889 -25,765 -127,020 311,748 -81,410 -51,230 -615 -56,778 4,689 832 498 5,797 -172,666 -178,217 494,145 -389,973 -50,616 – 1,623 58 677,316 -816,727 -47,873 28,224 3,918 53 55,237 -155,089 Changes in cash and cash equivalents 216,093 -21,558 Changes in cash and cash equivalents due to the scope of consolidation in accordance with IFRS 5 Changes in cash and cash equivalents due to exchange rates -3,431 -3,260 228 299 23. 19. 18. 18. 16./17. 35. 16./17. 31. 28. 37. 41. 24. 25. 26. 8. 24. 25. 26. 41. 36. 36. 34. 34. 34. 34. 41. 41. Net change in cash and cash equivalents 209,402 -21,031 32. Balance at beginning of the period Balance at end of the period 143,178 352,580 164,209 143,178 1) Non-cash additions to accruals for discounts to health insurance organizations in 2016 in the amount of € 163.2 million (previous year: € 166.3 million) are recognized in gross cash flow and are therefore not included in changes in other net assets. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Consolidated Balance Sheet | Consolidated Cash Flow Statement 110 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity in € 000s 2016 Balance as of Dec. 31, 2016 Dividend distribution Capital increase from share options Changes in treasury shares Changes in retained earnings Changes in non-controlling interests Changes in the scope of consolidation Other income Net income Number of shares Share capital Capital reserve 62,342,440 162,090 514,189 18 Retained earnings including net income 673,253 -43,580 -4,415 85,904 Balance as of Jan. 1, 2016 62,342,440 162,090 514,171 635,344 -913 -1,458 72,488 1,018,530 Previous year Balance as of Dec. 31, 2015 Dividend distribution 62,342,440 162,090 514,171 Capital increase from share options 1,715,740 4,461 Changes in treasury shares Adjustments previous year on current account Changes in retained earnings Changes in non-controlling interests Changes in the scope of consolidation Other income Net income 23,763 7 Balance as of Jan. 1, 2015 60,626,700 157,629 490,401 635,344 -39,955 1,177 -92 2,434 110,404 561,376 Provisions for currency translation Provisions available for sale Provisions for cash flow hedges Equity attributable to Shares relating to Treasury shares shareholders non-controlling of the parent shareholders Group equity -379,074 – -1,418 969,040 -43,580 78,065 -7,036 1,047,105 -50,616 – – – -15,882 -363,192 913 -363,192 -913 -1,458 946,042 40 46 58 – – – – -19,384 85,904 946,042 -39,955 28,224 53 1,177 – – -92 10,180 110,404 836,051 58 – – – 1,623 1,623 1,403 9,587 -17,981 95,491 72,488 -7,919 3,756 2,602 6,761 67,288 1,018,530 -47,874 28,224 53 1,177 – 3,756 -92 12,782 117,165 903,339 6,714 -369,906 -22 22 1,054 -1,967 -1,504 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 111 Number of shares Share capital Capital reserve Provisions for currency translation Provisions available for sale Provisions for cash flow hedges Treasury shares Equity attributable to shareholders of the parent Shares relating to non-controlling shareholders Group equity 62,342,440 162,090 514,189 -379,074 -15,882 -363,192 -363,192 – – – 40 913 -913 -1,458 – 58 – – – -19,384 85,904 946,042 -913 -1,458 946,042 – -1,418 969,040 -43,580 78,065 -7,036 1,047,105 -50,616 CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity in € 000s 2016 Balance as of Dec. 31, 2016 Dividend distribution Capital increase from share options Changes in treasury shares Changes in retained earnings Changes in non-controlling interests Changes in the scope of consolidation Other income Net income Previous year Balance as of Dec. 31, 2015 Dividend distribution Changes in treasury shares Adjustments previous year on current account Changes in retained earnings Changes in non-controlling interests Changes in the scope of consolidation Other income Net income Balance as of Jan. 1, 2016 62,342,440 162,090 514,171 635,344 Capital increase from share options 1,715,740 4,461 62,342,440 162,090 514,171 Balance as of Jan. 1, 2015 60,626,700 157,629 490,401 18 23,763 7 Retained earnings including net income 673,253 -43,580 -4,415 85,904 635,344 -39,955 1,177 -92 2,434 110,404 561,376 46 6,714 -369,906 -22 22 1,054 -1,967 -1,504 -39,955 28,224 53 1,177 – – -92 10,180 110,404 836,051 – 58 – 1,623 – -17,981 95,491 1,623 1,403 9,587 72,488 1,018,530 72,488 -7,919 3,756 2,602 6,761 67,288 1,018,530 -47,874 28,224 53 1,177 – 3,756 -92 12,782 117,165 903,339 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity 112 NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS General Information 1. Corporate information STADA Arzneimittel Aktiengesellschaft (STADA Arzneimittel AG) as the parent company of the STADA Group (hereafter referred to as “STADA”), based at Stadastrasse 2 – 18, 61118 Bad Vilbel, is an internationally-oriented company based in Germany and active throughout the world in the health care and pharmaceuticals markets, especially in the Generics and Branded Products segments. The consolidated financial statements of STADA Arzneimittel AG for financial year 2016 were approved for publication by the Executive Board on March 27, 2017. 2. Basis of preparation of the financial statements The consolidated financial statements prepared for STADA Arzneimittel AG as parent company as of December 31, 2016, were prepared in accordance with the International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and interpretations published by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and the International Financial Reporting Standards Committee (IFRIC), as applicable in the European Union (EU), as well as in accordance with the supplementary provisions pursuant to Section 315a (1) of the German Commercial Code (HGB). The financial year corresponds to the calendar year. The separate financial statements of the companies included in the scope of consolidation are prepared as of the same reporting date as the consolidated financial statements. The structure of the consolidated income statement follows the cost-of-sales method, according to which expenses incurred in generating sales are divided into functional areas. In the statement of comprehensive income, use was made of the option to present this separately from the consolidated income statement. The balance sheet classification distinguishes between non-current and current assets and liabilities, some of which are presented in detail in the notes according to their maturities. The consolidated financial statements are prepared in euro. Unless otherwise indicated, figures in the notes are shown in euro thousands (€ 000s). Rounding is necessary, although this of course is not significant in its nature. 3. Consequences of new or amended standards and interpretations In financial year 2016, STADA observed and, if relevant, applied the pronouncements and amendments to pronouncements published by the IASB and endorsed by the EU which were first applicable as of January 1, 2016. The changes had no or no significant effect on the presentation of STADA’s net assets, financial position and results of operations. The following IFRS standards, which are not yet applicable, have been published by the IASB. Adoption into European law in accordance with IFRS 16 is still pending: In July 2014, IASB published the standard IFRS 9 “Financial Instruments”. IFRS 9 replaces IAS 39 and includes guidelines for the classification, recognition and valuation of financial instruments. Furthermore, IFRS 9 also includes guidelines on the account- ing of hedging transactions. IFRS 9 is to be applied for financial years beginning on or after January 1, 2018. Earlier application is permitted. An examination of the impact of the application of IFRS 9 on the consolidated financial statements has not yet been completed. As a result of the new guidelines for the impairment of financial instruments, in some cases expected future losses may lead to earlier recognition of expenses. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements113 In May 2014, the IASB published the new standard IFRS 15 “Revenue from Contracts with Customers”. IFRS 15 governs revenue recognition for contracts with customers in a 5-step model and in particular replaces the existing standards IAS 11 “Construc- tion Contracts” and IAS 18 “Revenue”. IFRS 15 is to be applied for financial years beginning on or after January 1, 2018. Earlier application is permitted. An examination of the impact of the application of IFRS 15 on the consolidated financial statements has not yet been completed. However, the new standard on the realization of sales will have little impact on sales accounting, as sales are largely realized in the consolidated financial statements as a result of routine transactions. There are no agreements in the Group which regulate multiple services within one contract or within several contracts (multi-element arrangements). Changes may occur exclusively in the accounting of licensing agreements, which amounted to less than 2% of the total sales revenue in financial year 2016. However, this only affects license agreements which are not bound by the sales achieved by the licensee and which grant the licensee the right to use the license, without further actions by STADA being required. For such license agreements, as a result of the new IFRS 15 standard, in future sales will be realized in the amount of the entire license fee with the granting of a license and therefore not, as they are presently, divided over the term of the license. In January 2016, the IASB published the new IFRS 16 “Leases” standard, which determines the recognition of contractual rights (assets) and obligations (financial liabilities) associated with leases in the balance sheet for lessees. Lessees are no longer required to classify leases as finance leases or operating leases. IFRS 16 is to be applied for financial years beginning on or after January 1, 2019. Earlier application is permitted. An examination of the impact of the application of IFRS 16 on the consolidated financial statements has not yet been completed. As a result of the accounting of assets and liabilities in the lessee’s balance sheet, as required by IFRS 16, an increase of the balance sheet total is expected at the point of initial application. Instead of leasing expenses, as a result of the changes from IFRS 16, future depreciation and amortization and interest expenses will be recorded in the income statement – with a corresponding positive impact on EBITDA. From today’s perspective, no or no significant effects on the consolidated financial statements are expected from the future application of the further standards and interpretations not yet applied. 4. Changes in accounting policies With the exception of the changed accounting policies listed in Note 3., there were no changes to accounting policies with significant consequences for the presentation of STADA’s net assets, financial position and results of operations or cash flow in financial year 2016. 5. Scope of consolidation All significant subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates are included in the consolidated financial statements. Subsidiaries are companies that are directly or indirectly controlled by STADA and are therefore fully consolidated. Control exists if STADA Arzneimittel AG or its subsidiaries are in control of an investee, are exposed to variable backflows and, due to control over existing rights, are able to substantially influence the investee’s variable backflows. Control is usually substantiated by a share of voting rights of more than 50%. Joint arrangements are characterized by joint control by two or more parties and should be classified as either joint operations or as joint ventures. In joint operations, the parties that exercise joint control possess the rights to assets and liabilities in- cluded in the agreement. In joint ventures, however, the parties involved possess rights to the company’s net assets. Joint ventures are to be included in the consolidated financial statements using the equity method. Associates are companies over which STADA is able to exercise significant influence and which are not subsidiaries or joint ventures. They are included in the consolidated financial statements using the equity method. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements114 Subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates whose influence, both individually and as a whole, on the net assets, financial position and results of operations situation of the STADA Group is immaterial, are not consolidated or accounted for using the equity method. Investments in these companies are accounted for either at fair value or at amortized cost under financial assets. Accumulated, the sales and balance sheet total of these companies make up about 1% of total Group sales and/or the balance sheet total. Changes in the scope of consolidation resulted regarding the number of subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates included in financial year 2016 and are as follows: Number of companies in the scope of consolidation January 1, 2016 Acquisitions Disposals December 31, 2016 Germany Outside Germany 12 – – 12 75 3 2 76 Total 87 3 2 88 The acquisition of the Argentinian company Laboratorio Vannier S.A. was completed in accordance with corporate law in the first quarter of 2016. The initial consolidation of the company as a subsidiary occurred on January 1, 2016. In addition, the acquisition of the British company BSMW Limited was completed in accordance with corporate law and was consolidated as a subsidiary for the first time as of February 1, 2016. Furthermore, the Finnish company Oy STADA Pharma Ab was deconsolidated in the second quarter of 2016 as a result of the completed liquidation. In addition, the Egyptian company STADA Egypt Ltd. was deconsolidated due to liquidation initiated in the third quarter of 2016. Furthermore, the British company Natures Aid was included in the scope of consolidation as a result of the acquisition in accordance with corporate law. The initial consolidation was on November 21, 2016. In the consolidated financial statements of the STADA Group, 84 companies were consolidated as subsidiaries and four companies as associates as of the reporting date on December 31, 2016. As in the previous year, the aforementioned chart includes BIOCEUTICALS Arzneimittel AG, which is included in the consolidated financial statements as an associate according to the equity method. STADA holds 15.86% of the shares in this company. The significant influence is therefore not directly due to the amount of shares held, but instead is a result of STADA’s representation in the supervisory body of BIOCEUTICALS as well as distribution rights granted for Epo-zeta in Germany through cell pharm Gesellschaft für pharmazeutische Präparate mbH and the associated significant business transactions. As in the previous year, the aforementioned chart also includes both French companies Pharm Ortho Pedic SAS and AELIA SAS, pursuant to shareholdings of 25.0% and 20.0% acquired by STADA, which are included in the consolidated financial statements as an associate in accordance with the equity method. The initial inclusion of the Russian Dialogfarma LLC as an associate took place as of August 1, 2015. The following condensed financial information is given for these four associates: in € million 2016 2015 Share of result from continuing operations Share of result from discontinued operations Share of other comprehensive income Share of comprehensive income Aggregate carrying amount 0.7 – – 0.7 13.9 1.4 – – 1.4 13.2 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 115 There are significant non-controlling interests in the Vietnamese subsidiaries Pymepharco Joint Stock Company and STADA Vietnam J.V. Co. of the STADA Group. In the following, the influence of other shareholders in these subsidiaries as of December 31, 2016 is presented: Name of subsidiary Pymepharco STADA Vietnam Headquarters/ place of founding Vietnam Vietnam The disclosures for the previous year are as follows: Share in voting rights of non-controlling interests Result of non-controlling interests in 2016 in € 000s Accumulated non-controlling shares as of Dec. 31, 2016 in € 000s 41% 50% 3,459 4,935 32,114 32,266 Name of subsidiary Pymepharco STADA Vietnam Headquarters/ place of founding Vietnam Vietnam Share in voting rights of non-controlling interests Result of non-controlling interests in 2015 in € 000s Accumulated non-controlling shares as of Dec. 31, 2015 in € 000s 41% 50% 2,185 3,633 27,983 31,137 In the following, the financial information of both subsidiaries as of December 31, 2016 and for financial year 2016 is summarized: in € 000s Pymepharco STADA Vietnam in € 000s Pymepharco STADA Vietnam Assets as of Dec. 31, 2016 Liabilities as of Dec. 31, 2016 current non-current current non-current 54,332 44,111 52,465 39,482 7,652 6,087 9,887 7,715 Earnings after taxes in 2016 distributable to STADA distributable to non- controlling interests Total earnings in 2016 Dividends to non-con- trolling interests in 2016 4,978 4,935 3,459 4,935 10,370 11,515 1,623 4,561 Sales 60,576 41,856 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 116 For the previous year, the following disclosures are made regarding the summarized financial information: in € 000s Pymepharco STADA Vietnam in T € Pymepharco STADA Vietnam Assets as of Dec. 31, 2015 Liabilities as of Dec. 31, 2015 current non-current current non-current 57,079 45,771 40,712 36,466 8,743 6,281 10,159 8,558 Earnings after taxes in 2015 distributable to STADA distributable to non- controlling interests Total earnings in 2015 Dividends to non- controlling interests in 2015 3,033 3,594 2,185 3,633 8,192 9,982 2,249 4,863 Sales 53,849 55,827 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 117 Subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates as well as all non-consolidated and other investments are included in the con- solidated financial statements as investments and listed below. Direct investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation AO Nizhpharm, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia BEPHA Beteiligungsgesellschaft für Pharmawerte mbH, Bad Vilbel, Germany BIOCEUTICALS Arzneimittel AG, Bad Vilbel, Germany Ciclum Farma, Unipessoal, LDA, Paco de Arcos, Portugal Crinos S.p.A., Milan, Italy EG Labo - Laboratoires Eurogenerics SAS, Boulogne-Billancourt, France EG S.p.A., Milan, Italy Grunenthal Ukraine LLC, Kiev, Ukraine1) Laboratorio STADA, S.L., Barcelona, Spain Laboratorio Vannier S.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina Mobilat Produktions GmbH, Pfaffenhofen, Germany OOO Hemofarm, Obninsk, Russia OOO STADA Marketing, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia SCIOTEC Diagnostics Technologies GmbH, Tulln, Austria STADA Aesthetics Belgique (BVBA), Zaventem, Belgium STADA Aesthetics Deutschland GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany STADA Arzneimittel Gesellschaft m.b.H., Vienna, Austria STADA d.o.o., Ljubljana, Slovenia STADA d.o.o., Zagreb, Croatia STADA Egypt Ltd., Cairo, Egypt2) STADA (Shanghai) Company Management Consulting Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China STADA GmbH, Bad Vilbel, Germany STADA LUX S.à R.L., Luxembourg, Luxembourg STADA PHARMA Bulgaria EOOD, Sofia, Bulgaria STADA PHARMA CZ s.r.o., Prague, Czech Republic STADA Pharma International GmbH, Bad Vilbel, Germany STADA Pharma Services India Private Ltd., Mumbai, India STADA PHARMA Slovakia s.r.o., Bratislava, Slovakia STADA Pharmaceuticals (Asia) Ltd., Hong Kong, China STADA Pharmaceuticals Australia Pty. Ltd., Sydney, Australia STADA Poland Sp. z o.o., Piaseczno, Poland STADA Service Holding B.V., Etten-Leur, Netherlands STADApharm GmbH, Bad Vilbel, Germany STADA UK Holdings Ltd., Reading, United Kingdom 100% 100% 15.86% 100% 96.77% 100% 98.87% 100% 100% 85% 100% 10% 10% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 83.33% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 85% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% subsidiary subsidiary associate subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary not included subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary not included not included subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary not included not included subsidiary not included subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary not included subsidiary subsidiary not included subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary 1) Currently in the process of liquidation. 2) Currently in the process of liquidation. Deconsolidation as of September 30, 2016. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 118 Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through EG Labo - Laboratoires Eurogenerics SAS: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation AELIA SAS, Saint Brieuc, France Pharm Ortho Pedic SAS, Trélazé, France 20% 25% associate associate Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA UK Holdings Ltd.: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation BSMW Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom Clonmel Healthcare Ltd., Clonmel, Ireland Fresh Vape Electronic Cigarettes Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom Internis Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom Lowry Solutions Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom Natures Aid Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom Pegach AG, Egerkingen, Switzerland Slam Trading Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom Socialites E-Commerce Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom Socialites Retail Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom Sundrops Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom Thornton & Ross Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA UK Holdings Ltd. and Thornton & Ross Ltd.: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation LCM Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom Thornton & Ross Ireland Ltd., Clonmel, Ireland Zeroderma Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom 100% 100% 100% subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA UK Holdings Ltd. and through Slam Trading Ltd.: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation LAS Trading Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom Socialites Nederlands B.V., Beuningen, Netherlands 100% 100% subsidiary subsidiary STADA Consolidated Financial Statements119 Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through BEPHA Beteiligungsgesellschaft für Pharmawerte mbH: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation ALIUD PHARMA GmbH, Laichingen, Germany Blitz F15-487 GmbH, Bad Vilbel, Germany cell pharm Gesellschaft für pharmazeutische und diagnostische Präparate mbH, Bad Vilbel, Germany Crinos S.p.A., Milan, Italy Croma Medic, Inc., Manila, Philippines EG S.p.A., Milan, Italy Grippostad GmbH, Bad Vilbel, Germany Laboratorio Vannier S.A., Buenos Aires, Argentina Nizhpharm-Ukraine DO, Kiev, Ukraine STADA Aesthetics AG, Bottighofen, Switzerland PharmaSwyzz Deutschland GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany STADA CEE GmbH, Bad Vilbel, Germany STADA Egypt Ltd., Cairo, Egypt1) STADA Nordic ApS, Herlev, Denmark STADA Pharma Services India Private Ltd., Mumbai, India STAdata LLC, Kiev, Ukraine STADA (Thailand) Company, Ltd., Bangkok, Thailand STADAvita GmbH, Bad Homburg, Germany 100% 100% 100% 3.23% 100% 1.13% 100% 15% 100% 100% 100% 100% 16.67% 100% 15% 100% 60% 100% subsidiary not included subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary not included subsidiary subsidiary not included not included subsidiary not included subsidiary not included not included subsidiary subsidiary Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through BEPHA Beteiligungsgesellschaft für Pharmawerte mbH and through STADA Aesthetics AG: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation STADA Aesthetics Italia S.R.L., Verona, Italy STADA Aesthetics UK Limited, West Wickham, United Kingdom 100% 100% not included not included Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA GmbH: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation STADA Medical GmbH, Bad Vilbel, Germany 100% subsidiary Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA Service Holding B.V.: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation Centrafarm Nederland B.V., Etten-Leur, Netherlands Hemofarm A.D., Vrsac, Serbia Pymepharco Joint Stock Company, Tuy Hoa, Vietnam S.A. Eurogenerics N.V., Brussels, Belgium STADA MENA DWC-LLC, Dubai, United Arab Emirates 100% 100% 49% 90% 100% subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary 1) Currently in the process of liquidation. Deconsolidation as of September 30, 2016. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 120 Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA Service Holding B.V. and through Centrafarm Nederland B.V.: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation Centrafarm Services B.V., Etten-Leur, Netherlands Healthypharm B.V., Etten-Leur, Netherlands HTP Huisapotheek B.V., Etten-Leur, Netherlands Quatropharma Holding B.V., Etten-Leur, Netherlands S.A. Eurogenerics N.V., Brussels, Belgium 100% 100% 100% 100% 10% subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA Service Holding B.V., through Centrafarm Nederland B.V. and through Quatropharma Holding B.V.: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation Centrafarm B.V., Etten-Leur, Netherlands 100% subsidiary Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA Pharmaceuticals (Asia) Ltd.: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation STADA Import/Export International Ltd., Hong Kong, China STADA Pharmaceuticals (Beijing) Ltd., Beijing, China STADA Vietnam J.V. Co., Ltd., Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam Well Light Investment Services JSC, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam 51% 83.35% 50% 49% subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA Pharmaceuticals (Asia) Ltd. and through Well Light Investment Services JSC: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation Pymepharco Joint Stock Company, Tuy Hoa, Vietnam 10% subsidiary Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA Service Holding B.V. and through Pymepharco JSC and/or indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA Pharmaceuticals (Asia) Ltd., through Well Light Investment Services JSC and through Pymepharco JSC: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation Dak Nong Pharmaceutical JSC, Dak Nong, Vietnam Phu Yen Export Import Pharmaceutical JSC, Phu Yen, Vietnam Quang Tri Pharmaceutical JSC, Quang Tri, Vietnam 43% 20% 37.44% not included not included not included STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 121 Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA UK Holdings Ltd. and through Clonmel Healthcare Ltd.: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation CNRD 2009 Ireland Ltd., Dublin, Ireland Crosspharma Ltd., Belfast, United Kingdom Genus Pharmaceuticals Holdings Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom STADA Financial Investments Ltd., Clonmel, Ireland 50% 100% 100% 100% not included subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA UK Holdings Ltd., through Clonmel Healthcare Ltd. and through Genus Pharmaceuticals Holdings Ltd.: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation Britannia Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Reading, United Kingdom Genus Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Huddersfield, United Kingdom 100% 100% subsidiary subsidiary Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA UK Holdings Ltd., through Clonmel Healthcare Ltd., through Genus Pharmaceuticals Holdings Ltd. and through Britannia Pharmaceuticals Ltd.: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation Brituswip Ltd., Reading, United Kingdom 50% not included Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through AO Nizhpharm: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation 000 Dialogfarma, Moscow, Russia Nizhpharm-Kazakhstan TOO DO, Almaty, Kazakhstan OOO Aqualor, Moscow, Russia OOO Hemofarm, Obninsk, Russia OOO STADA CIS, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia OOO STADA Marketing, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia OOO STADA PharmDevelopment, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia STADA M&D S.r.L., Bucharest, Romania UAB STADA-Nizhpharm-Baltija, Vilnius, Lithuania ZAO Makiz-Pharma, Moscow, Russia ZAO Skopinpharm, Ryazanskaya obl., Russia 50% 100% 100% 90% 100% 90% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% associate subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary subsidiary Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through Ciclum Farma, Unipessoal, LDA: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation STADA, LDA, Paco de Arcos, Portugal 98% not included STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 122 Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through Laboratorio STADA, S.L.: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation STADA Genericos, S.L., Barcelona, Spain STADA, LDA, Paco de Arcos, Portugal 100% 2% not included not included Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA Service Holding B.V. and through Hemofarm A.D.: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation Hemofarm Banja Luka d.o.o., Banja Luka, Bosnia-Herzegovina Hemofarm Komerc d.o.o., Skopje, Macedonia1) Hemofarm S.à.R.L., Constantine, Algeria Hemomont d.o.o., Podgorica, Montenegro Hemopharm GmbH Pharmazeutisches Unternehmen, Bad Homburg, Germany Jinan Pharmaceuticals Co., Jinan, China STADA HEMOFARM S.R.L., Temeswar, Romania STADA IT Solutions d.o.o., Belgrade, Serbia Velefarm A.D., Belgrade, Serbia Vetfarm A.D., Belgrade, Serbia 91.50% 99.18% 40% 71.02% 100% 35.50% 100% 100% 19.65% 15% subsidiary not included not included subsidiary subsidiary not included subsidiary subsidiary not included not included Indirect investments of STADA Arzneimittel AG through STADA UK Holdings Ltd. and through Pegach AG: Name of the company, registered office Share in capital Form of consolidation Spirig HealthCare AG, Egerkingen, Switzerland 100% subsidiary The exemption rule stated in Section 264 (3) HGB was applied to ALIUD PHARMA GmbH, BEPHA Beteiligungsgesellschaft für Pharmawerte mbH, cell pharm Gesellschaft für pharmazeutische und diagnostische Präparate mbH, STADA GmbH, STADA Medical GmbH, STADA CEE GmbH, STADApharm GmbH, STADAvita GmbH, STADA Pharma International GmbH and Mobilat Produktions GmbH. 6. Principles for the consolidation of subsidiaries, joint ventures and associates According to IFRS, business combinations are to be accounted for using the acquisition method. Assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities from business combinations are generally recognized in full – irrespective of the amount of the shareholding – as of the acquisition date at their fair values. If the historical costs of the subsidiary acquired exceed the proportionate newly measured net assets of the acquiree, STADA recognizes the positive difference as goodwill. After critical examination of the premises underlying the purchase price allocation, a negative difference is recognized through profit or loss in the period of the ac- quisition. In a business combination achieved in stages, it is necessary to carry out a revaluation through profit or loss of the shares previously held at the date control was achieved. The shares of non-controlling interests are reported in the amount of their share in net assets of the subsidiary. The acquisition of additional shares from an existing controlling position in a subsidiary is recognized through other com prehensive income in accordance with IFRS 10, as it is a transaction between the equity investors. 1) Currently in the process of liquidation. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 123 Subsidiaries are generally included in the consolidated financial statements from the acquisition date to the end of control by the parent company. Receivables and financial liabilities, expenses and income, as well as earnings between the companies included in the consolidated financial statements are eliminated, intragroup value allowances and provisions are released. If these consolidation measures result in deviations between the IFRS carrying amounts and the tax base of assets and liabilities, deferred tax liabilities are recognized. Shares in associates are recognized according to the equity method at historical cost on the date when joint control is established (joint ventures) or when significant influence was established (associate) and carried forward from this date in the amount of the proportionate share of earnings in the financial year. A positive difference determined during the purchase price allocation is recognized as goodwill in the carrying amount of the investment in the associate. A negative difference is recognized in income in the period of the acquisition in the results from associates. Profit and loss from transactions with associates is recognized in the consolidated financial statements only according to the share of minority interests. If indications arise from the application of IAS 39 that the carrying amount determined using the equity method might be impaired, an impairment test is carried out and, if applicable, an impairment loss in the amount of the difference between the carrying amount and the recoverable amount is recognized. The recoverable amount is the higher of the fair value less cost to sell and the value in use of the shares in an associate. 7. Currency translation The functional currency of STADA Arzneimittel AG is the euro and represents the reporting currency of the Group. In the separate financial statements of companies included in the consolidated financial statements, foreign currency trans- actions are translated into the functional currency at the exchange rate applicable at the time of the transactions. On every reporting date, monetary items are translated using the closing rate and non-monetary items are translated using the trans- action rate. Resulting currency translation differences are recognized in income as exchange gains or losses. The translation of the companies included in the consolidated financial statements with a functional currency other than the euro into the Group functional currency is carried out using the closing rate method. Assets and liabilities are generally trans- lated using the closing rate, while individual components of equity are translated using the historical rates at their respective dates of inflow from the Group’s perspective. The income and expenses of the income statements are translated – and also the resulting translation of the annual results to be entered in equity – using the average exchange rate of the period. Currency translation differences arising from the use of different foreign exchange rates are recognized through other com prehensive income in the equity in the “reserves for currency translation”. These reserves are released and recognized in income if Group companies leave the scope of consolidation. The exchange rate development of currencies important to STADA to the euro can be seen in the following chart: Significant currency relations in local currency to € 1 2016 2015 ± % 2016 2015 ± % Closing rate on Dec. 31 in local currency Average rate for the reporting period Pound sterling Swiss franc Russian ruble Serbian dinar Ukrainian hryvnia US dollar 0.85620 1.07390 0.73390 +17% 1.08350 -1% 0.81886 1.09018 0.72604 +13% 1.06764 64.30000 80.67360 -20% 74,22592 68.01339 123.47230 121.62610 28.42260 26.05560 1.05410 1.08870 +2% +9% -3% 123,10467 120.75718 28.28164 24.22888 +17% 1.10660 1.10970 0% +2% +9% +2% STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements124 8. Business combinations In financial year 2016, the following significant business combinations in accordance with IFRS 3 occurred for which the preliminary purchase price allocation is described in more detail below. In the first quarter of 2016, the purchase price allocation for the British Socialites group based in Chesterfield and acquired in the fourth quarter of 2015 was finalized. STADA achieved control upon conclusion of the contract on December 4, 2015. The purchase price for the acquisition amounted to GBP 21.0 million and was paid in cash or cash equivalents. In the context of the final purchase price allocation, goodwill in the amount of € 16.6 million resulted from this business combination and was broken down as follows: in € million Purchase price for 100% of the shares of the company approx. Proportionate fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired approx. Goodwill 29.5 12.9 16.6 Goodwill primarily resulted from an expansion of company presence and sales activities in the British market in the Branded Products segment. For the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the context of the business combination, the following fair values were recognized at the acquisition date: Fair values in € million Intangible assets Other non-current assets Inventories Other current assets Assets Deferred tax liabilities Other non-current liabilities Trade payables Other current financial liabilities Liabilities 13.9 0.4 2.8 1.5 18.6 2.8 0.0 2.1 0.8 5.7 Fair values were determined on the basis of observable market prices. To the extent that market prices could not be determined, income or cost-oriented procedures were used for the evaluation of acquired assets and liabilities assumed. Sales generated in the Branded Products segment with the Socialites group amounted to around € 10.1 million in financial year 2016. The operating profit of this business combination adjusted for the effects of the purchase price allocation (around € 1.9 million) amounted to around € 0.8 million in the reporting year. In order to strengthen the Generics segment, STADA and the STADA subsidiary BEPHA Beteiligungsgesellschaft für Pharmawerte mbH signed a contract for the purchase of the Argentinian generics producer Laboratorio Vannier in the fourth quarter of 2015. The purchase price amounted to USD 13.0 million (according to the foreign exchange rate at the date of acquisition approx. € 11.9 million) and was or will be paid in cash or cash equivalents. This includes certain conditional purchase price components, which are to be paid upon reaching a fixed earnings figure. This is guaranteed to reach a minimum of USD 1 million, with a maximum of USD 1.5 million. The seller was a private individual. The purchase was completed in the first quarter of 2016. STADA achieved control on January 4, 2016. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements125 In the context of the purchase price allocation completed in the third quarter of 2016, goodwill in the amount of € 5.9 million resulted from this business combination and was broken down as follows: in € million Purchase price for 100% of the shares of the company approx. Proportionate fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired approx. Goodwill 11.9 6.0 5.9 Goodwill primarily resulted from the expansion of the international sales network in a country in which the STADA Group had not yet been represented with its own sales company in the Generics segment. For the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the context of the business combination, the following fair values were recognized at the acquisition date: Fair values in € million Intangible assets Other non-current assets Inventories and other current assets Cash and cash equivalents Assets Deferred tax liabilities Other non-current liabilities Other current financial liabilities Liabilities 5.6 0.2 2.5 1.2 9.5 1.9 0.2 1.4 3.5 Fair values were determined on the basis of observable market prices. To the extent that market prices could not be determined, income or cost-oriented procedures were used for the evaluation of acquired assets and liabilities assumed. Sales generated in the Generics segment with Laboratorio Vannier amounted to around € 7.8 million in financial year 2016. The operating profit of this business combination, adjusted for the effects of the purchase price allocation (around € 0.2 million), amounted to around € 0.9 million in the reporting year. In the first quarter of 2016, STADA acquired the British BSMW, based in Stockport. STADA achieved control upon conclusion of the contract on February 5, 2016. The purchase price for the acquisition amounted to GBP 3.4 million and was completely paid in cash or cash equivalents. In the context of the final purchase price allocation in the first quarter of 2016, goodwill in the amount of € 3.5 million resulted from this business combination and was broken down as follows: in € million Purchase price for 100% of the shares of the company approx. Proportionate fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired approx. Goodwill 4.4 0.9 3.5 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements126 Goodwill primarily resulted from an expansion of presence and sales activities in the British market in the Branded Products segment. For the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the context of the business combination, the following fair values were recognized at the acquisition date: Fair values in € million Property, plant and equipment Inventories Other current assets Cash and cash equivalents Assets Deferred tax liabilities Other current financial liabilities Liabilities 0.1 0.3 0.2 0.6 1.2 0.0 0.3 0.3 Fair values were determined on the basis of observable market prices. To the extent that market prices could not be determined, income or cost-oriented procedures were used for the evaluation of acquired assets and liabilities assumed. Sales generated in the Branded Products segment with BSMW amounted to around € 3.9 million in the eleven months since the initial consolidation. The operating profit of this business combination adjusted for the effects of the purchase price allocation (around € 0.2 million) amounted to around € 2.1 million in the reporting year. If STADA had acquired BSMW on January 1, 2016, sales of around € 4.2 million and operating profit, adjusted for effects from the purchase price allocation (around € 0.2 million), of around € 2.3 million would have been achieved on a straight-line basis in 2016. In the third quarter of 2016, the Serbian subsidiary of STADA Arzneimittel AG, Hemofarm A.D., acquired a local product port folio that primarily includes drugs for treating inflammations of the gastrointestinal tract, including the related processes. The purchase price for the acquisition of the product portfolio including the associated sales structure amounted to a total of € 21.6 million and will be or has already been completely paid in cash or cash equivalents. The acquisition includes a portfolio of 50 product presentations for the sales in Serbia, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Macedonia and Montenegro, the corresponding IP rights and license agreements and a local production and packaging facilities. In addition, Hemofarm will take over 104 employees. STADA achieved control upon conclusion of the contract on August 1, 2016, as a result of which the acquired business has been consolidated within the STADA Group since August 1, 2016. In the context of the final purchase price allocation, goodwill in the amount of € 0.4 million resulted from this business combination and was broken down as follows: in € million Purchase price for 100% of the shares of the company approx. Proportionate fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired approx. Goodwill 21.6 21.2 0.4 Goodwill resulted primarily from the expansion of STADA’s presence and sales activities in the Branded Products segment, particularly in the Serbian market. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements127 For the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the context of the business combination, the following fair values were recognized at the acquisition date: Fair values in € million Intangible assets Property, plant and equipment Deferred tax assets Assets Liabilities 18.4 2.7 0.1 21.2 0.0 Fair values were determined on the basis of observable market prices. To the extent that market prices could not be determined, income or cost-oriented procedures were used for the evaluation of acquired assets and liabilities assumed. The acquired sales amounted to approx. € 3.5 million in the five months after initial consolidation. The operating profit of this business combination adjusted for the effects of the purchase price allocation (around € 0.7 million) amounted to around € 1.5 million in the reporting year. If STADA had acquired the Serbian product portfolio on January 1, 2016, sales of around € 8.4 million and operating profit, adjusted for effects from the purchase price allocation (around € 1.7 million), of around € 3.6 million would have been achieved on a straight-line basis in 2016. During the negotiations with the seller of the rights for the product portfolio, Hemofarm A.D. acquired inventories for a purchase price of € 1.9 million in May 2016. This will be settled entirely in cash. The corresponding obligation was recognized as trade payables. Since the acquisition date, the acquired inventories have been billed to third-party customers. In the fourth quarter of 2016, STADA acquired the British Natures Aid, based in Preston. STADA achieved control upon con clusion of the contract on November 21, 2016. The purchase price for the acquisition amounted to GBP 16.8 million and was complete- ly paid in cash or cash equivalents. In the context of the final purchase price allocation, goodwill in the amount of € 4.7 million resulted from this business combi- nation and was broken down as follows: in € million Purchase price for 100% of the shares of the company approx. Proportionate fair values of the assets and liabilities acquired approx. Goodwill 19.4 14.7 4.7 Goodwill primarily resulted from an expansion of the presence and sales activities in the Branded products segment, particu- larly within the nutritional supplements area. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements128 For the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in the context of the business combination, the following fair values were recognized at the acquisition date: Fair values in € million Intangible assets Property, plant and equipment Inventories Trade receivables Other noncurrent assets Cash and cash equivalents Assets Deferred tax liabilities Other current liabilities Liabilities 12.3 1.1 1.7 1.0 0.2 2.6 18.9 2.4 1.8 4.2 Fair values were determined on the basis of observable market prices. To the extent that market prices could not be deter- mined, income or cost-oriented procedures were used for the evaluation of acquired assets and liabilities assumed. Sales generated in the Branded Products segment with Natures Aid amounted to around € 1.2 million in the first month and a half of 2016 since the initial consolidation. The operating profit of this business combination adjusted for the effects of the purchase price allo cation (around € 0.2 million) amounted to around € 0.3 million in the reporting year. If STADA had acquired British branded product company on January 1, 2016, sales of around € 9.9 million and operating profit, adjusted for effects from the purchase price allocation (around € 1.4 million), of around € 2.0 million would have been achieved on a straight-line basis in 2016. As part of the negotiations with the seller of the company, parallel to the agreed merger, Natures Aid acquired the building belonging to the production location and the site at a purchase GBP 1.7 million. The purchase price was fully paid by the company in cash and cash equivalents. The Serbian subsidiary of STADA Arzneimittel AG, Hemofarm A.D., acquired Serbian pharamaceutical wholesaler Velexfarm d.o.o. Beograd, based in Belgrade, Serbia, to strengthen the business activities on the Serbian market. The acquisition was completed with the aim of vertical integration in the Serbian market. The purchase price for the acquisition will total a maximum of € 1.0 million and will be or has already been fully paid in cash or cash equivalents. The purchase was completed on January 6, 2017 after the competition authorities approved the purchase contract signed in October 2016. The purchase price allocation is not yet finalized. In financial year 2016, the company achieved sales of € 33.6 million and a profit of approximately € 0.1 mil- lion. Total assets amounted to approximately € 30.2 million at the end of financial year 2016, which primarily related to the net current assets. Business relationships with Serbian Hemofarm A.D. had already existed before the acquisition. In financial year 2016, these sales amounted to € 8.9 million. 9. Accounting policies STADA’s consolidated financial statements are based on uniform financial reporting policies. The basis for these are the accounting requirements which are mandatory for all companies included in the consolidated financial statements and which are described in more detail below. Sales are recognized when goods have been delivered or services rendered, provided that it is probable that measurable economic benefits will flow to the entity and that the significant risks and rewards of ownership have been transferred to the buyer. It must also be possible to reliably measure the Company’s own costs incurred or to be incurred. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements129 Sales are recognized before taxes and after deduction of revenue reductions (rebates or discounts) at fair value of the con sideration received or receivable. Expenses from the creation of provisions for warranties are deducted from sales on the basis of estimated amounts. The estimates are based on experience regarding amounts used in the past. The estimated expense from the creation of provisions is determined as a percentage of sales. Discounts to health insurance organizations are also recognized with a reduction on sales based on the respective contract in force. Income and expenses from the same transactions are generally accounted in the same period. Expenses related to accruals for future revenue reductions are thus recorded in the period in which the sales are realized. Cost of sales includes the costs of conversion of the products sold and the purchase price of commercial goods sold or given free of charge. The expense is recognized in the period in which the associated income is realized. In addition, cost of sales also includes costs directly attributable to commercial goods (e.g. cost of materials and personnel expenses), overheads (e.g. depre- ciation of production equipment and regulatory drug approvals and licenses) as well as valuation allowances of excess or obsolete inventories. Research expenses are costs that are incurred in relation to the research activity of a company that aims to provide new scientific or technical findings. The product portfolio of the STADA Group continues to focus on products that do not require the Group to conduct its own research. As in previous years, no research expenses were incurred in financial year 2016. Development costs consist of expenses involved initially in the technical implementation of theoretical discoveries in production and production processes and ultimately their commercial implementation. As a rule, the objective of a development process at STADA is to obtain national or multinational regulatory drug approval. Development costs relative to approvals for new drugs obtained by STADA result in capitalization as intangible assets if all the following preconditions are met: • It is technically possible to complete the asset (generally, achieve regulatory drug approval), enabling it to become available for use or sale. • The intention and ability, as well as the necessary resources, exist to complete the asset and to use or sell it in the future. • The intangible asset provides the Group with a future economic benefit. • It must be possible to reliably determine the development costs of the intangible asset. STADA immediately recognizes development costs not eligible for capitalization as expense in the periods in which they are incurred. These include expenses for technical and regulatory maintenance of products marketed. Interest income is reported in the income statement as a component of financial income. In this regard, both interest income and interest expenses for all financial instruments measured at amortized cost as well as interest-bearing financial assets classified as available for sale are recognized on the basis of the effective interest rate. Dividends received from companies not included in the consolidated financial statements are disclosed within the investment income. This shall be recognized when the shareholder’s right to receive payment is established. Income taxes include actual taxes on income as well as deferred tax liabilities. The tax receivables and liabilities recognized in the balance sheet include demands or liabilities for income taxes in Germany and outside Germany from financial year 2016 as well as from previous years, if applicable. The tax receivables and liabilities are calculated on the basis of tax rates effective as of the reporting date or known and already concluded for the future in the countries in which the taxable profit is generated. Deferred tax liabilities are created for temporary differences between the tax base of the assets or liabilities and their valuation rate in the IFRS financial statements as well as for tax loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets are recognized to the extent that it is probable that a taxable profit will result against which the temporary difference can be utilized. Deferred tax liabilities are STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements130 recognized for temporary differences taxable in the future. STADA determines deferred taxes on the basis of tax rates applicable at the reporting date or those that have already been resolved and communicated for the future. Deferred tax receivables and liabilities are offset if these relate to the same taxation authority. The tax expense in the period is recognized in the income statement, provided the changes in value that are recognized directly in equity are not affected. To the extent that there are changes in the tax rate with an effect on deferred taxes, the resulting effects are recognized in the period in which they arise. Goodwill is not amortized over the period of useful life. Instead, an impairment test is performed at least once per year (impairment-only approach). For this purpose, goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units aggregated into operating segments, where a cash-generating unit corresponds to one of the two operating segments of the STADA Group for the purpose of an impairment test of goodwill. STADA carries out impairment tests for capitalized goodwill at least once a year. Additional reviews also take place if indications of impairment become apparent. During the impairment test, the carrying amount of each cash-generating unit is compared with its recoverable amount. The carrying amount of a cash-generating unit comprises the carrying amounts of all assets and liabilities attributable to the valuation unit including the carrying amount of goodwill to be tested. If the recoverable amount of a cash-generating unit is lower than the carrying amount, an impairment loss results. The recoverable amount is generally defined as the higher of the fair value less costs to sell, if measurable, and the value in use of the cash-generating unit. The dis- counted cash flow method is used to determine the value in use, applying an individual interest rate for each cash-generating unit and a detailed planning period of three years. For the period after this three-year detailed planning horizon, a specific estimated growth rate in the amount of the expected long-term inflation rate is assumed. Significant assumptions made in order to determine the value in use include assumptions regarding sales development, regulatory conditions, investments, the discount rate, currency relations as well as the growth rate. These assumptions are made individually according to the individ- ual situations for every cash-generating unit and are partly based on internally determined assumptions that both reflect past experience and include external market data. Other intangible assets with determinable useful lives are recognized at cost and amortized on a straight-line basis over the period of their useful life. Amortization shall begin when the asset is available for use, i.e. when it is in the condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the intended manner. The useful life of regulatory drug approvals, trademarks, licenses, dossiers with data for drug approvals or in preparation of drug approvals, software, concessions, property rights and similar rights is between three and 30 years. If on the reporting date, there are indications that these assets are impaired, the recover- able amount of the asset is re-evaluated and impairment losses are recognized according to the difference to the carrying amount. If the reasons for recognizing an impairment loss cease to exist, corresponding write-ups are carried out up to a maximum of the amortized cost. Intangible assets with indeterminable useful lives are not amortized. In the context of annual impairment tests and addition- ally in all cases where there are indications of impairment, the recoverable amounts of these assets are compared with their carrying amounts and if necessary, an impairment loss is recognized. For this purpose, the fair value of the asset less costs to sell was determined using the relief from royalty method. At STADA, this affects the umbrella brand Hemofarm capitalized in the context of the acquisition of the Hemofarm group, the umbrella brand Pymepharco capitalized in the context of achieving control over Pymepharco, and the umbrella brand Vannier capitlalized in the context of the acquisition of Laboratorio Vannier. Intangible assets that are not yet available for use are also generally put through annual impairment tests. Furthermore, in each reporting period, an audit is carried out to check whether the reasons for recognizing an indefinite useful life continue to exist. Internal development costs are capitalized according the criteria of IAS 38. Capitalized development costs consist mainly of costs that can be allocated to the projects, such as the costs of individuals working in development, material costs, external services and directly allocable overheads. Internally created intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful life, generally 20 years. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements131 Property, plant and equipment is reported at cost less depreciation and any impairment losses plus write-ups. Depreciation shall begin when the asset is available for use and is accordingly in the condition necessary for it to be capable of operating. Subsequent acquisition costs are capitalized. Capitalization requires that a future economic benefit will flow to the company and that the cost of the asset can be reliably measured. Expenses for repairs and maintenance that do not represent significant replacement investments are recognized as expenses in the financial year in which they are incurred. Items of property, plant and equipment are depreciated according to their useful life using the straight-line method. The depreciation period may be up to 50 years in the case of buildings, eight to 20 years in the case of technical facilities and three to 14 years for other plant and office furniture and equipment. The component approach, according to which every significant component of property, plant and equipment with different useful lives must be depreciated separately, is not applied at STADA due to a lack of relevance. To the extent necessary, impairment losses are recognized pursuant to IAS 36; these are reversed if the reasons for the original recognition of an impairment loss no longer exist. Borrowing costs that are directly attributable to the acquisition or production of a qualifying asset are capitalized as part of the cost of the intangible asset and property, plant and equipment. Other borrowing costs are not capitalized. Where acquisitions are made in a currency other than the respective functional currency, subsequent changes in exchange rates have no impact on the recording of original historical costs. Impairments on other intangible assets and property, plant and equipment exist when the recoverable amount of an asset is lower that its carrying amount. At each reporting date, STADA assesses whether indications for impairment are apparent. If this is the case, e.g. if certain defined critical values are exceeded, the asset’s recoverable amount is determined. The recoverable amount is the higher of the asset’s fair value less costs to sell and its value in use, where the value in use is calculated with a discounted cash flow method. Under this procedure, future cash flows of intangible assets are discounted at the weighted average cost of capital, which is determined individually for two operating segments with specific parameters. Expenses arising from impairments are reported under “Other expenses”. For the purpose of impairment tests of other intangible assets and property, plant and equipment, cash-generating units within the STADA Group are defined at the level of individual assets within the reportable segments of Branded Products and Generics. If the reasons for an impairment no longer exist, the corresponding write-ups are carried out up to a maximum of the carrying amounts determined at amortized cost. Income from write-ups is reported under the item “Other income”. Leases are classified either as operating leases or as finance leases, depending on whether the significant risks and rewards of ownership remain with the lessor or with the lessee. The lease is not recognized in the lessee’s balance sheet in case of operating leases. STADA records the lease payments for these leases through profit or loss over the lease term. Assets from finance leases are, on initial recognition, recognized at the lower of the fair value of the lease and the present value of minimum lease payments, and are depreciated according to their estimated useful lives or shorter contractual period. An amount is reported as lease liability, when, on initial recognition, it corresponds to the lease’s carrying amount and is extinguished and carried forward in subsequent periods with a constant effective interest rate. The interest that is part of the lease installment is recognized as an expense. In addition, in case of sale and leaseback transactions that represent a finance lease, any surplus of sales proceeds over the carrying amount is deferred and recognized in the income statement over the lease term. The total value of capitalized leases is not of material significance for STADA when compared with the total volume of fixed assets. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements132 Under financial assets, STADA recognizes shares in non-consolidated, affiliated companies and other investments. Shares in associated companies and other investments are classified as available-for-sale financial assets and are generally reported at fair value with no effect on income. If no quoted market prices in an active market are available to measure these shares and their fair value therefore cannot be determined reliably, they are measured at amortized cost. If any objective indications of impairment are determined, these are quantified by means of an impairment test and recognized in income in accordance with IAS 39. Inventories include such assets that are held for sale in the ordinary course of business (finished goods) that are in the process of production for such sale (work in progress), and that are consumed in the production process or in the rendering of services (materials and supplies). Inventories are measured at the lower of historical costs or costs of sales and net realizable value. Historical costs or costs of sales are determined based on weighted average costs. Costs of sales include both costs that are directly incurred in production and overheads that can be allocated to the production process, including reasonable depreciation on production facilities. Financing costs are not included, but are instead recognized as an expense in the period in which they occur. Net realizable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary course of business less the estimated costs of completion and the estimated costs necessary to make the sale. Financial assets can be broken down into the following categories in accordance with IAS 39: Loans and receivables, financial assets at fair value through profit or loss, available-for-sale financial assets and held-to-maturity investments. Financial assets are accounted for and measured pursuant to IAS 39. Accordingly, financial assets are, as a rule, initially recognized at fair value. In addition, for financial assets that are subsequently measured at amortized cost, transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisition are to be taken into account. Different measurement policies apply for subsequent measurement in accordance with the applicable categories for financial assets pursuant to IAS 39. Loans and receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. They are allocated to current assets to the extent that they are due for settlement within twelve months after the reporting date. STADA reports loans and receivables under “Trade accounts receivable”, “Other financial assets” and “Cash and cash equivalents”. They are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. STADA reports receivables from derivatives which, if applicable, may also be part of hedge accounting, as financial assets at fair value through profit or loss. Assets in this category are reported under the “Other financial assets” item. They are measured at fair value. If these assets do not have a quoted market price in an active market, fair value is determined with appropriate measurement models. This includes the application of discounted cash flow methods. These are largely based on input parameters observable in the market. Changes in the fair values are recognized in income at the time of the increase or impair- ment in value. Held-to-maturity financial investments include non-derivative assets with fixed or determinable payments and a fixed term that STADA intends to hold to maturity. They are measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. STADA reports these assets in financial assets under the item “Other financial assets”. Available-for-sale financial assets are non-derivative assets that are not allocated to any of the above categories. In particular, they comprise, in addition to shares in affiliated companies and other investments included in financial assets, equity securities and are recognized under “Other financial assets”. They are measured at fair value, with changes reported under “Provisions available for sale” directly in equity with no effect on profit or loss. These measurement results are reclassified through profit and loss upon sale or valuation allowance of these assets. There must be objective evidence that there is a significant or continuing decrease in fair value below historical cost. Published market price quotations usually can be used for determining fair value. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements133 Trade accounts receivable are measured at amortized cost less impairments using the effective interest rate method. Impair- ments are made in the form of individual impairments and general individual impairments for specific defaults and expected default risks resulting from the insolvency of customers. To quantify the expected default risk, STADA determines the expected future cash flows from receivables grouped by debtor. To this end, the maturity structures of net receivables and experience relating to derecognition of receivables in the past, the creditworthiness of the customers as well as changes in payment conditions are taken into account. In addition, a trade credit insurance that covers part of the loss in case of default is to be taken into consideration for various Group companies. The required impairment determined reduces the assets’ carrying amounts through recognition of an impairment account. The loss is recognized in profit and loss under “Other expenses”. Bad debts are derecognized against the impairment account. Subsequent cash receipts for receivables already derecognized are presented net of expenses. Non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale are classified as held for sale, if the related carrying amount will be recovered principally through a sale transaction rather than through continuing use, and if the sale is regarded as highly probable. Measurement of these assets is based on the lower of carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. In addition to assets held of sale, associated liabilities are also reported separately in the balance sheet. Cash and cash equivalents include cash and call deposits as well as current and highly liquid financial investments with a maximum term of 90 days from the purchase date. These can be converted to cash immediately and are subject only to minor price fluctuation risks. They are measured at amortized cost. Cash and cash equivalents are reported in accordance with their definition as financial resources in IAS 7. Other assets, which are not based on any contractual rights involving the direct or indirect exchange of cash, are reported under the item Other assets. STADA maintains defined benefit plans in various countries, according to which the amount of pension benefits depends on the employees’ pensionable remuneration and the length of their service or which contain guarantees not permitting recognition as defined contribution plan. Pension obligations are measured in accordance with actuarial principles using the projected unit credit method. The pension provisions recognized in the balance sheet correspond to the present value of the defined benefit obligation on the balance sheet date less the fair value of plan assets adjusted for the effect resulting from any effect of limiting the benefit asset. In addition to earned pensions and entitlements, the calculation also includes future salary and pension increases. For German Group companies, pension obligations are calculated based on the biometric accounting principles of the Heubeck 2005G mortality tables. Outside Germany, country-specific mortality tables are used. Future pension benefits are subject to individual pension agreements. The discount rate shall be based on long-term rates of return on high quality corporate bonds with fixed interest rates at the reporting date. In countries where there is no liquid market in such corporate bonds, the discount rate is determined on the basis of market yields on government bonds. The standard IAS 19 only permits actuarial gains and losses to be recognized with no effect on income. It differentiates between gains and losses due to changes in demographic assumptions, due to changes in financial assumptions as well as due to experience-based amendments. They are recognized directly in equity with no effect on income in the period in which they occur (“other comprehensive income, OCI”). The relevant amounts are reported separately in the consolidated statement of comprehensive income. For the calculation of the portion of the interest income on plan assets recognized through profit or loss, the standard IAS 19 requires the application of the discount rate underlying the obligation. The remainder of the actual income from plan assets is to be recognized directly in other comprehensive income with no effect on profit or loss. The current service cost is recognized in staff costs of the individual functional areas. All past service cost that arises in the financial year shall be recognized immediately through profit or loss. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements134 Various Group companies additionally grant their employees defined contribution plans. Here, Group companies pay defined contributions to independent institutions due to legal or contractual requirements or on a voluntary basis; liabilities beyond this do not exist. Contributions to be paid for the respective plans are recognized as expense in the respective period in the relevant functional areas. The other non-current provisions contain anniversary provisions as other long-term employee benefits. Commitments to anniversary payments are accounted in accordance with the guidelines in IAS 19 as other long-term employee benefits. In contrast to pension provisions, actuarial gains and losses are not recognized without an effect on the income statement. Such potential gains and losses are immediately reported as income or expenditure in the relevant functional area. Furthermore, there is a working time accounts plan that is accounted for in the same way as commitments to anniversary payments. Other provisions are made by STADA if there are current legal or constructive obligations to third parties arising from past events that will probably lead to an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits that can be reliably determined. An outflow of assets embodying economic benefits is considered as probable if it is more likely than not. Other provisions are recognized in an amount that, taking into account all recognizable risks, offers the best possible estimate of expenditures necessary to fulfill the obligations. Any existing reimbursement claims by third parties are not netted with other provisions. Expenses from the creation of provisions are allocated to functional costs according to where they arise. If changes in estimates result in a reduction of the obligation, the other provisions are reversed on a pro rata basis and recognized through profit and loss under the item where the original expense was recognized. STADA reports all other provisions as current financial liabilities because a settlement date within twelve months of the report- ing date is expected. The amounts recognized are not discounted. Liabilities incurred due to outstanding accounts or obligations to personnel and taxation authorities, as well as other liabilities are not reported as provisions, but under “Trade payable” or “Other liabilities”. Differentiated from provisions, there are contingent liabilities for possible obligations based on past events but which will not become manifest until the occurrence of one or more uncertain future events not under STADA’s control. In addition, there are also contingent liabilities for current obligations, for which however the associated outflow of resources is not con sidered probable or the amount of the obligation cannot be adequately estimated. In accordance with IAS 37, such contingent liabilities are not recognized. Financial liabilities are measured on initial recognition at fair value plus transaction costs directly attributable to the acquisi- tion. For financial liabilities that subsequently continue to be measured at fair value, any transaction costs are recognized as an expense in the period in which they occur. This relates to the accounting of derivative financial instruments with negative market values that are not part of an effective hedging relationship and allocated to the category “at fair value through profit or loss” in accordance with IAS 39. STADA reports these financial liabilities in the “Other financial liabilities” item. Here, those derivative financial instruments are also included which serve to hedge interest rate and currency risks resulting from operating activities, financial transactions and investments, and which are also measured at fair value in accordance with the regulations of IAS 39 on hedge accounting. Unless market prices are available, fair value is determined with measurement models based on discounted cash flow models. Derivative financial instruments exist at STADA in the context of derivatives measured at fair value through profit or loss as well as in the context of derivative hedging instruments. In each case, depending on whether the market value of the derivatives is positive or negative, they are recognized under the item “Other financial assets” or “Other financial liabilities” (see financial reporting policies for financial assets and financial liabilities). Cash flow hedges, fair value hedges and hedges of net investments in a foreign operation can generally be recognized as derivative hedging instruments in the context of hedge accounting in accordance with IAS 39. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements135 At STADA, cash flow hedges are used to hedge against fluctuations of cash flows associated with an accounted asset or an accounted financial liability or a highly probable planned transaction. Changes in the fair value of these hedging instruments are recognized with no effect on income in the amount of the effective part of the hedging relationship directly in equity under “Provisions for cash flow hedges”. A transfer to the income statement takes place in the period when the underlying hedged item becomes effective. The ineffective part of the changes in value is, however, recognized directly in the income statement. In the context of fair value hedges, the risk of a change in fair value of accounted assets or accounted liabilities or fixed off balance liabilities is hedged. Changes in the fair value of these hedging transactions are recorded in profit and loss like changes in the fair value of the underlying hedged items. If the requirements for hedge accounting are no longer met, the carrying amounts of the previously hedged items are adjusted on the basis of their remaining terms. Hedges of net investments in a foreign operation are treated according to the same accounting policies as cash flow hedges. STADA regularly reviews the effectiveness of the hedging relationships as a prerequisite for hedge accounting pursuant to IAS 39. A hedging relationship is in general considered to be effective, if changes in fair value of the hedging transaction are both prospectively and retrospectively within a range of 80% to 125% of the offsetting changes in fair value of the hedged item. STADA measures all other financial liabilities, in particular trade payable as well as financial liabilities, at amortized cost using the effective interest method. STADA has so far not made use of the option to designate financial liabilities on initial recognition as financial liabilities to be recognized at fair value through profit or loss. Other financial liabilities, which are not based on any contractual rights involving the direct or indirect exchange of cash, are reported under the item “Other liabilities”. At STADA, share-based payments are used as long-term oriented remuneration components in the context of performance- related remuneration of Executive Board members and are paid in cash. These payments are recognized at the fair value of the liability in accordance with IFRS 2. Until the liability is settled, the fair value of the liability is to be reclassified on each reporting date and on the settlement date, and all changes in the fair value are to be recognized through profit and loss. STADA uses the Monte Carlo model to determine the fair value of share-based payments. The fair value of share-based payments to the Executive Board from deferrals are recognized under the item “Other liabilities”. 10. Estimates, assumptions and discretion in the application of accounting principles The presentation of the net assets, financial position and results of operations in the consolidated Group financial statement is determined by recognition and valuation methods. To a certain extent, STADA makes estimates and assumptions relating to the future that are based on past experience as well as other factors that are considered to be appropriate in the particular circum- stances. Although the estimates and assumptions are constantly re-evaluated, estimates derived in this way may differ from actual circumstances. The significant estimates, accounting judgments and related assumptions for the accounting issues concerned are detailed below. As part of purchase price allocations in business combinations, goodwill is the difference between the acquired net assets evaluated according to IFRS 3 and the consideration transferred plus the fair value of the previously held shares and the amount recognized of non-controlling shareholders. Various valuation methods are used for this that are primarily based on estimates and assumptions. STADA carries out an impairment test for capitalized goodwill at least once a year. The discounted future cash flows of the cash-generating units, aggregated into operating segments, which are based on certain assumptions, are to be determined for this purpose. The discounted cash flow method is used to determine the value in use, applying an individual interest rate for each cash-generating unit and a detailed planning period of three years based on approved budgets. For the period after this three-year detailed planning horizon, a specific estimated growth rate in the amount of the expected long-term inflation rate STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements136 is assumed. The budget values for future financial years, which are subject to some uncertainty due to unforeseeable future legal developments and developments in the health care market, as well as the parameters determined in the context of current market information but also as a best possible estimate mean that the assessment of impairment may differ from actual circum- stances, and despite good forecasts in the reporting year an impairment requirement may be necessary in subsequent years. For items of property plant and equipment and intangible assets, the expected useful lives and associated amortization or depreciation expenses are determined on the basis of the expectations and assessments of management. If the actual useful life is less than the expected useful life, the amount of depreciation or amortization is adjusted accordingly. As part of the determination of impairment losses on fixed assets, estimates relating to the cause, timing and amount of the impairments are also made. Particularly in the context of impairment tests for yet unused approvals, which are reported as advance payments, the growth rates applied for the present value test as well as the long-term price and cost development of active pharmaceutical ingredients are based on best possible estimates. This also applies to the impairment tests of other intangible assets with indefinite useful lives. Development costs are capitalized based on the assessment of whether the capitalization requirements of IAS 38 are met. Planning calculations are necessary to determine the future economic benefit, which are by their nature subject to estimates and may therefore deviate from actual circumstances in the future. STADA makes valuation allowances on receivables in order to anticipate losses expected in relation to insolvency of customers. The maturity structure of the net receivables and past experience in relation to bad debts as well as the customers’ credit- worthiness are used as the criteria for evaluating the appropriateness of the valuation allowances. This does not, however, exclude the possibility that the actual derecognitions will exceed the expected valuation allowances due to a significant worsening in the financial position of the customer. Accounting judgments and estimates regarding the assessment of the value of receivables relate particularly to impaired receivables from debtors in CEE countries. STADA operates in various countries and is obliged to pay respective income taxes in each tax jurisdiction. In order to calculate the income tax provisions and the deferred tax liabilities in the Group, the expected income tax as well as the temporary differ- ences resulting from the different treatment of certain balance sheet item according to IFRS and their accounting in accordance with tax law are each to be determined on the basis of assumptions. If the final taxation imposed deviates from the assumed values, this has a corresponding effect on current and deferred taxes and thus on the net assets, financial position and results of operations of the Group in the respective period. Furthermore, increasing importance within the STADA Group is being allotted to a comprehensive tax transfer-pricing model for the renumeration of intragroup services. Possible risks of non- recognition of these transfer prices for tax purposes are limited by the introduction of appropriate communication methods and an overarching definition of transfer pricing in the form of a Group guideline. When determining the fair values of derivatives and other financial instruments, for which no market price in an active market is available, valuation models based on input parameters observable in the market are applied. The cash flows, which are already fixed or calculated by means of the current yield curve using so-called “forward rates”, are discounted to the measurement date with the discount factors determined by means of the yield curve valid on the reporting date. The amount of pension obligations from defined benefit plans is calculated using actuarial methods. This procedure is based upon assumptions, among other things, regarding the discount rate, life expectancy and future salary and pension increases. Changes to these assumptions can significantly influence the amount of future pension costs. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements137 The creation of other provisions is based on the assessment of management regarding the probability and amount of an outflow of resources. STADA creates provisions if there is a present external obligation and a probable outflow of resources, i.e. if it is more likely to occur than not. Provisions in relation to pending legal disputes are created based on how STADA estimates the prospects of success of these methods. The determination of provisions for damages is also associated with substantial estimates and can change due to new information. The same applies for the recognition of the amount of contingent liabilities. Expenses from the creation of provisions for warranties are considered in sales and charged against income. Estimated values based on past experience are used for this purpose. This means that the actual expenses for warranties may differ from the estimate and sales would accordingly turn out to be higher or lower. The same applies for the consideration of discounts (e.g. discounts to health insurance organizations) prescribed by law and due to other regulatory requirements. These are recognized with a reduction on sales based on the respective underlying contract with an estimated amount in expectation of probable sales. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements138 Notes to the Consolidated Income Statement 11. Sales Sales at STADA primarily resulted from the supply of products and, to a much lesser extent, from license revenues. For informa- tion on the reporting of sales, please refer to details included in Financial Reporting Policies. In 2016, the increase in sales compared to 2015 was primarily based on strong sales development in the markets Germany, Italy and Vietnam. This development was primarily attributable to the strong growth in the German Branded Products segment as well as the sales increase in the two core segments in the Italian and Vietnamese markets. Exchange rate effects and portfolio changes had a total influence of € 28.0 million on sales in the reporting year. For information on how sales are broken down according to segments, please refer to the “Segment reporting” in Note 42. 12. Cost of sales Cost of sales is divided into the following items: in € 000s Material expenses Impairment, depreciation and amortization Expenses from inventory write-downs Remaining cost of sales Total 2016 2015 883,480 100,976 28,207 92,650 874,066 101,497 36,545 89,601 1,105,313 1,101,709 Impairment, depreciation and amortization in the amount of € 101.0 million (previous year: € 101.5 million) mainly includes amortization on intangible assets, the ownership of which represents a necessary condition for the marketing of the products manufactured – in particular drug approvals. Expenses from inventory write-downs included inventories written down to net realizable value offset with reversals. The reversals amounted to € 7.7 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: € 7.2 million). 13. Selling expenses In addition to the costs for sales departments and sales force, selling expenses also comprise the costs for advertising and marketing activities including samples for doctors. They also include all costs for logistics that occur for completed final products. Discounts in the form of free retail packages, so-called discounts in kind, – if possible under the legal regulations in a national market – are not included. The resulting expenses are reported as a part of cost of sales. In the reporting year, marketing expenses in the amount of € 210.4 million (previous year: € 210.0 million) corresponded to a share of 43% in selling expenses (previous year: 44%). In addition, selling expenses included depreciation in the amount of € 6.9 million (previous year: € 7.1 million). 14. General and administrative expenses Personnel and material costs of service and administrative units are reported under general and administrative expenses, unless they have been charged to other functional areas as internal services. In 2016, the general and administrative expenses included depreciation in the amount of € 7.0 million (previous year: € 7.9 mil- lion). STADA Consolidated Financial Statements139 General and administrative expenses increased in the reporting year by a total of € 4.3 million. The increase primarily resulted from the subsidiaries consolidated for the first time in the reporting year or at the end of the previous year. 15. Research and development costs For information on the composition of research and development costs, please refer to the details included in Financial Reporting Policies. In financial year 2016, research and development costs increased by € 0.1 million compared to the previous year. The research and development costs include depreciation in the amount of € 2.3 million (previous year: € 2.1 million). Devel- opment costs for new products in the amount of € 28.4 million (previous year: € 26.1 million) were capitalized in financial year 2016 (see the note on the item “Intangible assets”). 16. Other income Other income is divided into the following items: in € 000s Income from write-ups Income from disposals Remaining other income Total 2016 2015 3 – 19,276 19,279 – 2,317 17,715 20,032 The remaining other income includes a milestone payment received in the Branded Products segment in the United Kingdom, income from insurance compensation, income from damage claims payments as well as other other income not directly associated with functional costs that comprise many immaterial individual items in the Group companies. Furthermore, the income from disposals mainly resulted from the deconsolidation of the French subsidiary Laboratoires d’études et de recherches en oligo éléments thérapie SA in the previous year. 17. Other expenses Other expenses are broken down as follows: in € 000s 2016 2015 Expenses from valuation allowances on accounts receivable Currency translation expenses Impairment losses on non-current assets excluding goodwill Impairment losses on goodwill Remaining other expenses Total 5,972 9,379 65,480 – 58,102 138,933 9,367 19,549 32,790 410 21,593 83,709 Expenses for valuation allowances on accounts receivable were reported offset with the corresponding income from their reversal. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements140 Other expenses include impairment losses in the amount of € 65.5 million (previous year: € 32.8 million) that exclusively relate to impairment losses on non-current assets excluding goodwill in the reporting year. In the previous year, impairments to goodwill resulted from an impairment for the Asia/Pacific & MENA region. The increase in comparison with the previous year was primarily due to reorganization decisions in connection with the adapted corporate strategy. These impairment losses were considered by STADA as a special item of financial year 2016. The item also included net currency translation expenses in the amount of € 9.4 million in the reporting year (previous year: € 19.5 million). This development was particularly attributable to the strong devaluation of the major currencies in the CIS region and the resulting currency translation expenses, reported as special items. Within remaining other expenses, personnel expenses are recognized in the amount of € 24.8 million (previous year: € 4.4 mil- lion). The increase in comparison with the same period of the previous year was particularly due to a severance payment for the former Chairman of the Executive Board as well as further personnel expenses in connection with the merging of the German sales companies. Furthermore, remaining other expenses also increased due to the termination of a distribution agreement with the Belgian sales partner OMEGA and the associated damage claim payment. The item other expenses includes expenses in the amount of € 21.6 million in connection with the termination of substantial parts of the aesthetics business. These expenses particularly resulted from impairments to intangible assets, impairments to financial assets, a payment for the termination of the distribution agreement, the reduction in inventories, outstanding rental payments and severance payments. 18. Financial result The result from investments measured at equity in financial year 2016 relates to the companies BIOCEUTICALS Arznei- mittel AG, Pharm Ortho Pedic SAS and AELIA SAS as well as Dialogfarma LLC since last year, and are accounted for using the equity method. Investment income primarily relates to profit distributions from companies not included in the consolidated financial statements. Financial income and financial expenses are composed of the interest result and other financial income and other financial expenses. The interest result developed as follows: in € 000s Interest income Interest expense Interest result thereof: from financial instruments of the valuation categories in accordance with IAS 39: • Loans and receivables • Financial assets and liabilities at fair value through profit and loss • Held-to-maturity investments • “Available-for-sale” financial assets 2016 2015 2,716 52,891 50,175 2,716 -12,711 – – 1,142 65,576 64,434 1,142 -18,213 – – • Financial liabilities measured at amortized costs -39,120 -46,349 In addition, the interest result in financial year 2016 includes an interest expense from other non-current provisions, which comprises interest income on plan assets as well as interest expenses from pension obligations and other non-current provisions, in the amount of € 1.1 million (previous year: € 1.0 million). STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 141 In financial year 2016, the Group refinanced itself at interest rates of between 0.7% p.a. and 26.0% p.a. (previous year: between 0.7% p.a. and 16.6% p.a.). On the reporting date of December 31, 2016, the weighted average interest rate for non-current financial liabilities was approx. 1.66% p.a. (previous year: approx. 2.0% p.a.) and for current financial liabilities approx. 3.12% p.a. (previous year: approx. 5.1% p.a.). For all of the Group’s financial liabilities the weighted average interest amounted to approx. 1.78% p.a. (previous year: approx. 2.6% p.a.). Interest payments partially resulting from interest rate swaps designated by STADA as hedging instruments in cash flow hedges are not netted for each swap contract and are recognized as interest income or interest expense in the valuation category of the associated underlying hedged item. For the reporting year, this exclusively concerns financial liabilities which were valued at amortized costs. Borrowing costs capitalized as part of the cost of qualifying assets amounted to € 1.4 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: € 1.0 million). A capitalization rate of 2.0% for intangible assets (previous year: 2.3%) was taken as a basis. Other financial income and other financial expenses consist of the following: in € 000s Other financial income thereof • • from the measurement of financial instruments from the disposal of financial instruments Other financial expenses thereof • • from the measurement of financial instruments from the disposal of financial instruments 2016 2015 – – – 28 – 28 1,246 3,091 518 728 3,087 4 The result from the measurement of financial instruments in the reporting year resulted from interest rate swaps and interest rate/currency swaps measured at fair value through profit or loss. There was a net burden on earnings in the amount of € 0.5 mil- lion before or € 0.4 million after taxes. In the previous year, there was a net burden on earnings from the measurement of derivative financial instruments in the amount of € 3.1 million before and € 3.1 million after taxes. The measurement of interest rate hedge transactions depends on the development of the money market interest rate. The result from the disposal of financial instruments was due to the early utilization of interest rate swaps in financial year 2016. 19. Income taxes The item income taxes includes taxes on income and earnings paid or owed in the individual countries as well as deferred tax liabilities. Other taxes that cannot be meaningfully attributed to the sales, administration or research and development functions are included in other expenses. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements142 Actual income taxes can be divided according to timing as follows: in € 000s Actual income taxes Tax expense in the current period Tax expense from previous periods Tax income from previous periods The deferred taxes are as follows: in € 000s Deferred taxes • • • • from temporary differences from loss/interest carryforwards from tax credits from others 2016 2015 54,212 50,288 4,619 695 43,591 48,569 546 5,524 2016 2015 -22,274 -30,073 7,799 – – -2,953 -2,808 -145 – – The effective income tax rate amounted to 25.1% for financial year 2016. The effective income tax rate in the previous year was 25.8%. The nominal income tax rate amounted to 28.3% in financial year 2016 for STADA Arzneimittel AG in Germany, this includes corporation tax with a tax rate of 15.0% and the solidarity surcharge in the amount of 5.5% as well as trade income tax with an assessment rate of 357%. In the previous year, the nominal income tax rate of STADA Arzneimittel AG amounted to 27.4%. The difference resulted from the increase in the assessment rate for corporation tax of 27 percentage points in Bad Vilbel. The following overview explains how the effective income tax expense reported in the income statement was derived from the expected income tax expense. The expected income tax expense is calculated by applying the nominal tax rate of a corporation headquartered in Bad Vilbel to earnings before taxes. The tax effects of the respective tax rates to be applied locally depending on their applicable national and legal forms are reported in a separate reconciliation. in € 000s Earnings before taxes Nominal income tax rate of STADA Arzneimittel AG (in %) Expected income tax expense Deviation in local tax rate Tax effects from non-deductible impairment on investments and goodwill Tax effects from loss carryforwards Tax effects from previous years Effects from tax rate changes Tax effects from non-deductible expenses and tax-free earnings Other tax effects Income tax expense shown on the income statement Effective income tax rate (in %) 2016 2015 127,429 157,803 28.3% 36,088 -8,701 – -6,067 -3,676 -4,157 19,436 -985 31,938 25.1% 27.4% 43,207 -4,779 28 -6,582 -4,910 -7,495 21,376 -207 40,638 25.8% STADA Consolidated Financial Statements143 Deviations in the local tax rate primarily resulted from lower nominal tax rates in the United Kingdom. Tax effects from loss carryforwards primarily resulted from the utilization of tax loss carryforwards for which no deferred tax assets have been reccognized so far. The effects from tax rate changes in the previous year primarily resulted from a decrease in the tax rate in the United Kingdom and the associated remeasurement of deferred taxes. The actual income taxes and deferred taxes recognized in the balance sheet were as follows: in € 000s Income tax receivables Income tax liabilities in € 000s Deferred tax assets Deferred tax liabilities Deferred taxes as of December 31 Difference compared to previous year thereof • Recognized in income • Recognized through other comprehensive income • Acquisitions/disposals/changes in the scope of consolidation • Reclassifications in accordance with IFRS 5 • Currency translation differences Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 12,816 60,625 21,182 39,444 2016 2015 20,814 116,416 -95,602 30,566 22,274 -627 -3,276 5,490 6,705 34,073 160,241 -126,168 -8,878 2,953 -4 -6,648 – -5,179 Deferred taxes result from the following balance sheet items and loss carryforwards: in € 000s Intangible assets Property, plant and equipment Financial assets Inventories Receivables Other assets Other non-current provisions Other provisions Liabilities Loss carryforwards Total Offsetting Deferred taxes as per balance sheet Dec. 31, 2016 Deferred tax assets Dec. 31, 2015 Deferred tax assets Dec. 31, 2016 Deferred tax liabilities Dec. 31, 2015 Deferred tax liabilities 2,684 1,816 830 10,824 8,896 2,180 5,079 1,966 4,713 7,969 46,957 -26,143 20,814 2,244 1,423 981 10,948 5,144 3,006 3,631 1,555 3,541 15,843 48,316 -14,243 34,073 123,318 153,077 6,187 652 909 3,919 28 464 6,715 367 – 6,009 617 1,317 4,325 5 58 8,102 974 – 142,559 -26,143 116,416 174,484 -14,243 160,241 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 144 Deferred tax liabilities reported by STADA resulted, among other things, from deferred taxes in the context of purchase price allocations carried out under IFRS 3. The reduction in deferred tax liabilities compared with the previous year was primarily a result of scheduled amortization on intangible assets with purchase price allocations measured in accordance with IFRS 3, as well as a decrease in the tax rate in the United Kingdom and the associated remeasurement of deferred taxes. Tax advantages that are highly probable and expected from the future utilization of tax loss carryforwards are reported under “Tax loss carryforwards”. Tax loss carryforwards are only capitalized if their future utilization is highly probable. Tax loss carryforwards capitalized as of the December 31, 2016 reporting date amounted to € 30.9 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: € 73.2 million). Income taxes decreased by a total of € 6.1 million (previous year: Increase of income tax expense by € 6.6 million) through the utilization of previously unrecognized tax loss carryforwards from previous years for which no deferred taxes have been recognized so far and through tax loss carryforwards from the current financial year for which no deferred taxes have been recognized. The future usable tax loss carryforwards and similar items are listed in the following chart according to their expiry date: in € 000s Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Loss carryforward expiry date within • 1 year • 2 years • 3 years • 4 years • 5 years • more than 5 years • unlimited carryforward – 799 – – 707 416 28,936 707 – 799 – 141 5,966 65,594 No deferred taxes were recognized for the following tax loss carryforwards and similar items as it is not probable that they will be realized in the foreseeable future: in € 000s Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Loss carryforward expiry date within • 1 year • 2 years • 3 years • 4 years • 5 years • more than 5 years • unlimited carryforward Temporary differences – – – – – 19,470 84,055 -426 182 – – – – 24,420 98,650 1,379 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements145 20. Income distributable to non-controlling interests in € 000s Earnings after taxes • • thereof distributable to shareholders of STADA Arzneimittel AG (net income) thereof distributable to non-controlling interests Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 95,491 85,904 9,587 117,165 110,404 6,761 Net income related to non-controlling interests pertains to the subsidiaries STADA Thailand, STADA Import/Export International, STADA Vietnam J.V., Pymepharco, STADA Pharmaceuticals (Beijing), Hemomont and Hemofarm Banja Luka. 21. Earnings per share The basic earnings per share are as follows: Basic earnings per share Net income (in € 000s) Adjustment Adjusted net income (basic) (in € 000s) Average number of registered shares1) issued (in unit shares) Average number of treasury shares (in unit shares) Adjusted average number of shares (basic) (in unit shares) Basic earnings per share (in €) 2016 2015 85,904 110,404 – – 85,904 110,404 62,342,440 61,725,885 85,908 88,264 62,256,532 61,637,621 1.38 1.79 Basic earnings per share are calculated by dividing the adjusted net income distributable to the shareholders of STADA Arznei mittel AG by the time-weighted average number of registered shares1) outstanding. 22. Number of employees and personnel expenses The average number of employees at STADA by functional area and functional sub-area is as follows: Marketing/Sales Logistics Finance/IT Production/Quality Assurance Procurement/Supply Chain Product Development Administration Entire Group Personnel expenses (in € million) 2016 3,089 360 707 4,809 340 623 911 10,839 365.7 2015 3,012 299 684 4,644 333 594 875 10,441 342.7 1) On August 26, 2016, the STADA Annual General Meeting resolved to eliminate restrictions on the transferability of registered shares by means of a change to the Articles of Incorpora- tion. The change to the Articles Incorporation was entered in the commericial register on December 9, 2016 and took effect on this date. The authorization of the approved capital in accordance with Section 6 (1) of the Articles of Incorporate therefore no longer refers to registered shares with restricted transferability. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements146 The average number of employees in the reporting year was above the level of the previous year at 10,839 (previous year: 10,441). The most substantial reasons for the increase in the number of employees in financial year 2016 include the consolidation of the Argentinian Laboratorio Vannier S.A. the acquisition of the British company BMSW Limited and Natures Aid Limited, as well as the acquisition of a local product portfolio, the Serbian IVANCIC I SINOVI I DOO with a total of 218 employees. On the reporting date, the STADA Group’s number of employees in 2016 totaled 10,923 (previous year: 10,532). Personnel expenses, which are included in expenses of the individual functional areas according to their functional relevance, increased in financial year 2016 to € 365.7 million (previous year: € 342.7 million). The increase was primarily attributable to expenses from reorganization decisions and structural measures resulting from a changed coporate structure. 23. Depreciation, amortization and impairment losses Depreciation, amortization and impairment losses are included in expenses of the individual functional areas according to their functional relevance and can be attributed to intangible assets, property, plant and equipment as follows: in € 000s Depreciation /amortization Intangible assets Property, plant and equipment Impairment losses Intangible assets thereof • goodwill Property, plant and equipment thereof • land and buildings • plant and machinery • other fixtures and fittings, tools and equipment Financial assets thereof • Investments 2016 2015 117,180 118,648 83,506 33,674 65,480 61,807 – 223 36 97 90 3,450 3,450 84,429 34,219 33,200 32,948 410 161 – 118 43 91 91 The impairment of intangible assets concerns various drug approvals and trademarks. Impairments of financial assets recorded in the financial year particularly resulted from the termination of further parts of the aesthetics business. The impairments in the previous year primarily related to the carrying amounts of Hetmak FZCO in Dubai. Depreciation and amortization decreased by 1.2% as compared to the previous year. More information on amortization, depreciation and impairment losses is included in the Notes on non-current assets. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements147 Notes to the Consolidated Balance Sheet 24. Intangible assets Intangible assets developed as follows in financial year 2016: Regulatory drug approvals, trademarks, customer relationships, software, licenses and similar rights Advance payments made and capitalized development costs for current projects Goodwill Total 1,854,400 465,034 201,653 2,521,087 2016 in € 000s Cost as of Jan. 1, 2016 Currency translation Changes in the scope of consolidation Additions Additions from business combinations according to IFRS 3 Disposals Transfers noncurrent assets and disposal groups held for sale Transfers Cost as of Dec. 31, 2016 -12,653 -51 484 30,585 3,085 30,387 67,980 2,137 -927 – 18,367 – 5,785 – 1,907,273 478,826 Accumulated depreciation as of Jan. 1, 2016 739,059 Currency translation Changes in the scope of consolidation Depreciation/amortization Impairment losses Disposals Write-ups Reclassifications to noncurrent assets and disposal groups held for sale Transfers 8,855 -51 83,506 54,677 2,241 – 7,169 488 73,422 1,510 – – – – – 690 – Accumulated amortization as of Dec. 31, 2016 877,124 74,242 Residual carrying amounts as of Dec. 31, 2016 Residual carrying amounts as of Dec. 31, 2015 1,030,149 1,115,341 404,584 391,612 -102 – 81,037 – 375 – -67,687 214,526 59,586 987 – – 7,130 359 3 – -443 66,898 147,628 142,067 -10,618 -978 81,521 48,952 3,460 36,172 293 2,600,625 872,067 11,352 -51 83,506 61,807 2,600 3 7,859 45 1,018,264 1,582,361 1,649,020 Additions from business combinations according to IFRS 3, which are based on fair values determined as part of the purchase price allocation, primarily relate to € 18.8 million from the acquisition of a Serbian product portfolio to strengthen the position in the consumer healthcare area, € 11.5 million from the purchase of the Argentinian Laboratorio Vannier S.A. and € 3.5 million and € 17.4 million from the acquisitions of the British BSMW Limited and Natures Aid Limited. In the reporting year, reclassifications of non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale relate to two subsidiaries in Asia. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 148 The umbrella brand Hemofarm capitalized in 2006 in the context of the acquisition of the Hemofarm group is included in recognized trademarks as an intangible asset with an indefinite useful life, as STADA intends to make continuing use of it. As at December 31, 2016, this umbrella brand has a carrying amount of € 37.4 million (previous year: € 45.4 million). In the context of the impairment test of December 31, 2016, a royalty rate of 2% and a discount rate of 13.2% were used. There was a necessity for impairment for the reporting year in the amount of € 7.4 million. In addition, the change compared to the pre- vious year figure of € 0.6 million is a result of different foreign exchange rates. Furthermore, in the context of the control achieved over Pymepharco in 2013, the umbrella brand Pymepharco was capitalized as an intangible asset with an indefinite useful life as a trademark, as STADA intends to continue to use the trademark. As of December 31, 2016, it has a carrying amount of € 9.7 million (previous year: € 9.5 million). The change is a result of different foreign exchange rates. In the context of the impairment test of December 31, 2016, a royalty rate of 2% and a discount rate of 13.8% were used. There was no necessity for impairment for the reporting year. As part of the acquisition of Laboratorio Vannier in the reporting year, the umbrella brand Vannier was capitalized as an in- tangible asset with a carrying amount of € 0.3 million and an indefinite useful life as a trademark as STADA inteds to continue to use the trademark. As at December 31, 2016, it has a carrying amount of € 0.3 million. In the context of the impairment test of December 31, 2016, a royalty rate of 2% and a discount rate of 21.9% were used. There was no necessity for impairment for the reporting year. Borrowing costs capitalized in 2016 for intangible assets and directly attributable to the acquisition or the production of a qualifying asset amounted to € 1.4 million (previous year: € 1.0 million). In financial year 2016, the capitalization rate taken as a basis for determining borrowing costs eligible for capitalization was 2.0% (previous year: 2.3%). Development costs of € 31.0 million were capitalized in the reporting year (previous year: € 27.5 million). Capitalized development costs consist mainly of costs that can be allocated to the projects, such as the costs of individuals working in development, material costs and external services, together with directly allocable overhead costs. Internally created intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their useful life, generally 20 years. STADA immediately recognizes development costs that do not qualify for capitalization as expense in the period in which they are incurred (see Note 15.). In financial year 2016, these development costs amounted to € 65.1 million (previous year: € 65.0 million). Amortization on intangible assets mainly relates to regulatory drug approvals as well as trademarks and is recognized in the income statement primarily under cost of sales. In the reporting year, this related to an amount of € 83.5 million (previous year: € 84.4 million). In financial year 2016, impairments on intangible assets were recognized in the total amount of € 61.8 million (previous year: € 32.9 million). No valuation allowances on goodwill were recorded in the reporting year. In the previous year, this related to valuation allowances on goodwill for market region Asia/Pacific & MENA in the amount of € 0.4 million. Details on changes in the scope of consolidation can be found in the Note on the scope of consolidation (see Note 5.). STADA Consolidated Financial StatementsIntangible assets developed as follows in the previous year: 149 2015 in € 000s Cost as of Jan. 1, 2015 Currency translation Changes in the scope of consolidation Additions Additions from business combinations according to IFRS 3 Disposals Transfers Regulatory drug approvals, trademarks, customer relationships, software, licenses and similar rights Advance payments made and capitalized development costs for current projects Goodwill Total 1,744,755 445,874 207,121 2,397,750 7,752 37 14,889 33,316 10,748 64,399 2,172 1,087 – 17,728 1,827 – 2,534 – 56,912 70 585 -64,399 201,653 57,140 -434 – – 3,802 563 – -359 12,458 1,124 71,801 51,114 13,160 0 2,521,087 766,234 -4,620 – 84,429 32,948 6,924 – 0 Cost as of Dec. 31, 2015 1,854,400 465,034 Accumulated amortization as of Jan. 1, 2015 Currency translation Changes in the scope of consolidation Depreciation/amortization Impairment losses Disposals Write-ups Transfers 635,523 -3,267 – 84,429 28,736 6,361 – 359 73,571 -559 – – 410 – – – Accumulated amortization as of Dec. 31, 2015 739,059 73,422 59,586 872,067 Residual carrying amounts as of Dec. 31, 2015 Residual carrying amounts as of Dec. 31, 2014 1,115,341 1,109,232 391,612 372,303 142,067 149,981 1,649,020 1,631,516 The following amortization expense is expected for the intangible assets in the next five years: in € 000s 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 Expected amortization 83,245 83,785 84,944 84,802 85,598 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 150 The following table shows which cash-generating units the capitalized goodwill can be attributed to: Residual carrying amount as of Dec. 31, 2016 in € million Generics Branded Products Total 188.7 215.9 404.6 In accordance with the fundamental change to reporting structures in the third quarter of 2016 agreed by the Executive Board, the STADA Group no longer reports by segments and market regions, but by operating segments, i.e. the two segments Generics and Branded Products. This measure is in line with the growth strategy, including central management of the segements, an increasing internationalization of the product portfolio as well as a stricter cost control and is first applied in the reporting and planning process as part of these Consolidated Financial Statements. In the course of the change, the non-core activity Commercial Business was integrated into the Generics segment. In the course of converting the internal reporting and the associated aggregation of cash-generating units, an impairment test was carried out on June 30, 2016 based on the cash-generating units from the previous year due to an indication of a possible impairment. No necessity for impairment was identified. In the previous year, the capitalized goodwill for cash-generating units was as follows: Residual carrying amount as of Dec. 31, 2015 in € million Generics Branded Products Total 187.8 203.8 391.6 In comparison with the previous year1), there were the following significant changes in the carrying amounts of goodwill: • The increase in goodwill in the cash-generating unit Branded Products was primarily attributable to the finalizing of the purchase price allocation for the acquisition of the British company Natures Aid In the context of the regular impairment tests for capitalized goodwill of September 30, 2016, the discounted cash flow method is used to determine anticipated cash inflows, applying the following parameters defined for the individual cash-generating units according to segment: According to segment, defined as cash-generating unit Generics Branded Products Growth rates of the forward-project phase 2016 in % WACCs 2016 in % 2.4% 2.7% 10.3% 10.0% 1) It should be noted here that as a result of the redefinition of the cash-generating units in financial year 2016, the results of the impairment test in financial year 2015 are not comparable with those of financial year 2016. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 151 The discounted cash flow method is used to determine the value in use of the cash-generating units, applying an individual interest rate for each cash-generating unit and a detailed planning period of three years. This detailed planning period reflects the assumptions for short and medium-term market developments. For the period after this three-year detailed planning horizon, a specific estimated growth rate in the amount of the expected long-term inflation rate is assumed. The detailed planning period for the determination of the value in use is based on assumptions in light of past experience, supplemented by current internal developments and verified through external market data and analyses. The most important assumptions include the development of future selling prices, amounts and costs, the influence of the regulatory market environment, investments, market shares, exchange rates and growth rates. Significant changes to the above-described assumptions would influence the determination of the value in use of the cash-generating units. The discount rates applied are determined on the basis of external factors derived from the market and adjusted for the respective predominant risks of the cash-generating units. Changes in the calculation parameters used for the impairment tests may influence the fair values of cash-generating units. A sensitivity analysis was therefore carried out for the different cash-generating units with a 1.0 percentage points higher discount rate, a decrease in the growth rate of 0.5 percentage points and a decrease in EBIT of 10.0 percentage points. Using these assumptions, there was also no necessity for an impairment to any cash-generating unit. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements152 25. Property, plant and equipment Property, plant and equipment developed as follows in financial year 2016: Land, leasehold rights and buildings including buildings on third-party land Plant and tools and machinery equipment Other plants and business equipment Advance payment and construction in progress Total 263,806 225,444 102,389 27,780 619,419 2016 in € 000s Cost as of Jan. 1, 2016 Currency translation Changes in the scope of consolidation Additions Additions from business combinations according to IFRS 3 Disposals Reclassification to non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale Transfers 1,193 – 2,242 1,519 18,061 11,693 11,042 3,555 – 7,956 2,047 16,733 9,915 10,521 2,235 -122 8,035 628 7,796 1,026 4,383 Cost as of Dec. 31, 2016 250,048 222,875 108,726 Accumulated depreciation as of Jan. 1, 2016 95,410 132,349 70,043 Currency translation Changes in the scope of consolidation Depreciation/amortization Impairment losses Disposals Write-ups Reclassification to non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale Transfers 806 – 6,796 36 14,335 – 1,527 -1 3,274 – 16,574 97 15,911 – 4,858 -1 669 -119 10,304 90 6,925 – 567 -43 Accumulated amortization as of Dec. 31, 2016 87,185 131,524 73,452 -11 – 6,972 -122 31,894 50,127 – 148 49 -26,239 33,227 – – – – – – – – – – 4,194 42,738 22,683 -293 614,876 297,802 4,749 -119 33,674 223 37,171 – 6,952 -45 292,161 322,715 321,617 Residual carrying amounts as of Dec. 31, 2016 Residual carrying amounts as of Dec. 31, 2015 162,863 168,396 91,351 93,095 35,274 32,346 33,227 27,780 Property, plant and equipment included assets from finance leases, primarily relating to cars and vehicles, in the amount of € 4.4 million (previous year: € 2.8 million), which, in accordance with IAS 17, were recognized at the present value of minimum lease payments and have since been subjected to depreciation. In the reporting year, reclassifications of non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale relate to two subsidiaries in Asia. As in the previous year, no borrowing costs were capitalized for property, plant and equipment in financial year 2016. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements Property, plant and equipment developed as follows in the previous year: 153 Land, leasehold rights and buildings including buildings on third-party land Plant and tools and machinery equipment Other plants and business equipment Advance payment and construction in progress Total 21,270 579,278 2015 in € 000s Cost as of Jan. 1, 2015 Currency translation Changes in the scope of consolidation Additions Additions from business combinations according to IFRS 3 Disposals Reclassification from non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale Transfers 255,066 202,977 -828 47 2,698 36 801 482 7,106 -1,923 1 10,110 523 1,748 – 15,504 99,965 -1,398 82 5,542 87 5,962 – 4,073 Cost as of Dec. 31, 2015 263,806 225,444 102,389 Accumulated amortization as of Jan. 1, 2015 88,738 119,149 65,961 Currency translation Changes in the scope of consolidation Depreciation/amortization Impairment losses Disposals Write-ups Reclassification from non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale Transfers -763 – 7,461 – 189 – 155 8 -2,035 – 16,685 118 1,638 – – 70 -654 – 10,073 43 5,302 – – -78 Accumulated amortization as of Dec. 31, 2015 95,410 132,349 70,043 Residual carrying amounts as of Dec. 31, 2015 Residual carrying amounts as of Dec. 31, 2014 168,396 166,328 93,095 83,828 32,346 34,004 27,780 21,270 -961 – 34,521 – 367 – -26,683 27,780 – – – – – – – – – – -5,110 130 52,871 646 8,878 482 0 619,419 273,848 -3,452 – 34,219 161 7,129 – 155 0 297,802 321,617 305,430 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 154 26. Financial assets Financial assets developed as follows in financial year 2016: 2016 in € 000s Cost as of Jan. 1, 2016 Currency translation Changes in the scope of consolidation Additions Disposals Reclassification from non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale Transfers Cost as of Dec. 31, 2016 Accumulated impairments as of Jan. 1, 2016 Currency translation Changes in the scope of consolidation Impairment losses Disposals Write-ups Reclassification from non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale Transfers Accumulated impairments as of Dec. 31, 2016 Residual carrying amounts as of Dec. 31, 2016 Residual carrying amounts as of Dec. 31, 2015 Shares in associates and other investments Other financial assets 16,085 -157 0 4,869 554 – – 20,243 14,746 -183 – 3,450 6 – – – 18,007 2,236 1,339 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Total 16,085 -157 0 4,869 554 – – 20,243 14,746 -183 – 3,450 6 – – – 18,007 2,236 1,339 Financial assets are primarily the carrying amounts of those shares in non-consolidated investments which are entirely measured at amortized cost for lack of available market prices. There is currently no intention to sell these financial assets. Held-to- maturity financial investments were included under other financial assets. The impairment of financial assets recorded in the reporting year resulted in particular from the termination of substantial parts of the aesthetics business. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 155 Financial assets developed as follows in the previous year: 2015 in € 000s Cost as of Jan. 1, 2015 Currency translation Changes in the scope of consolidation Additions Disposals Reclassification from non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale Transfers Cost as of Dec. 31, 2015 Accumulated impairments as of Jan. 1, 2015 Currency translation Changes in the scope of consolidation Impairment losses Disposals Write-ups Reclassification from non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale Transfers Accumulated impairments as of Dec. 31, 2015 Residual carrying amounts as of Dec. 31, 2015 Residual carrying amounts as of Dec. 31, 2014 27. Investments measured at equity Shares in associates and other investments Other financial assets 18,859 -58 -1,092 615 2,235 – -4 16,085 16,823 -3 – 91 2,165 – – – 14,746 1,339 2,036 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Total 18,859 -58 -1,092 615 2,235 – -4 16,085 16,823 -3 – 91 2,165 – – – 14,746 1,339 2,036 The disclosure relates to the accounting of shares in the associates BIOCEUTICALS Arzneimittel AG, as well as Pharm Ortho Pedic SAS, AELIA SAS and Dialogfarma LLC using the equity method. Investments measured at equity developed as follows in financial year 2016 compared with the previous year: in € 000s As of Jan. 1 Increase in investment share Result from associates Previous year adjustment Elimination of dividend income Currency translation differences As of Dec. 31 2016 2015 13,168 10,569 – 704 – – – 3 1,419 1,177 – – 13,872 13,168 In financial year 2016, the increase of the investment share in associates was due to the result of associates. The invest- ment share in associates had increased in the previous year due to an adjustment of financial year 2014 recognized directly in equity on current account of the previous year in the amount of € 1.2 million. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 156 28. Trade accounts receivable Trade accounts receivable are composed as follows: in € 000s Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Trade accounts receivable from third parties Trade accounts receivable from non-consolidated companies Valuation allowances vis-à-vis third parties Total 589,952 6,923 -107,804 489,071 589,664 1,298 -105,061 485,901 As of December 31, 2016, there are trade accounts receivable due after one year in the amount of € 3.3 million (December 31, 2015: € 1.1 million). Collateral exists for a portion of trade accounts receivable whose value was not impaired in the form of bank or corporate guarantees as well as pledged inventories. Furthermore, there is commercial credit insurance for certain markets and cus tomers. The following non-impaired trade accounts receivable were past due at the reporting date: thereof: neither impaired nor past due as at the reporting date 415,318 443,106 Carrying amount 489,071 485,901 thereof: not impaired as at the reporting date and past due in the following time band up to 30 days 17,453 20,081 between 31 and 90 days between 91 and 180 days 32,191 14,286 18,058 7,717 more than 180 days 6,051 711 in € 000s Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 There were no recognizable indications as of the reporting date that the debtors would not meet their payment obligations. Therefore, the trade accounts receivable that are not impaired and not past due are considered to be unconditionally recoverable. There are also no indications of impairment for the overdue receivables that have not been impaired. Overall, valuation allowances on trade accounts receivable developed as follows: in € 000s As of Jan. 1 Added Utilized Reversed Changes in the scope of consolidation and reclassifications in accordance with IFRS 5 Currency translation differences As of Dec. 31 2016 2015 105,061 117,430 8,564 3,248 2,304 -33 -236 2,818 12,866 1,047 -19 -1,255 107,804 105,061 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 157 29. Other financial assets Other financial assets are composed as follows: in € 000s Loan receivables Outstanding purchase price receivables Derivative financial assets Other financial assets Total Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Total 234 1,070 9,914 33,112 44,330 thereof: current – 765 9,914 29,201 39,880 Total 6 4,024 27,461 51,506 82,997 thereof: current 6 3,559 26,702 44,012 74,279 The outstanding purchase price receivables in financial year 2016 and also primarily in the previous year relate to the still- outstanding installments from the sale of a product portfolio in Italy. The derivative financial assets include the positive market values of cross-currency swaps as well as of currency forwards (see Note 45.1.). The remaining financial assets include accruals for price compensations in connection with tender contracts in the amount of € 14.1 million, receivables from the German factoring business in the amount of € 6.4 million and also comprise many immaterial individual items in the Group companies. As of December 31, 2016, other financial assets included impairments in the amount of € 8.1 million (previous year: € 6.6 million). There are no outstanding amounts for non-impaired other financial assets. 30. Other assets Other assets are composed as follows: in € 000s Other receivables due from the tax authorities Prepaid expenses/deferred charges Assets from overfunded pension plans Other assets Total Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Total 12,495 11,982 18 7,290 31,785 thereof: current 12,253 10,780 – 5,657 28,690 Total 13,085 14,342 63 5,930 33,420 thereof: current 12,842 11,039 – 5,165 29,046 Remaining assets comprise many immaterial individual items in the Group companies. Remaining assets are impaired in the amount of € 3.2 million (previous year: € 5.5 million). STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 158 31. Inventories Inventories can be subdivided as follows: in € 000s Materials and supplies Work in progress Finished goods and merchandise Advance payments Total Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 93,156 20,686 364,483 6,579 484,904 97,992 25,522 372,778 5,228 501,520 In financial year 2016, impairments offset with reversals were made on the net realizable value of inventories in the amount of € 28.2 million (previous year: € 36.5 million), which were already deducted from the amounts shown above through profit and loss. In financial year 2016, reversals here amounted to € 7.7 million (previous year: € 7.2 million). 32. Cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand and call deposits as well as current and highly liquid financial investments with a maximum term of 90 days from the purchase date. In certain countries, specific transactions are subjected to special monitoring in the context of the requirements of the respective national bank or foreign exchange acts in force. Restrictions on disposal for cash and cash equivalents amount to € 2.3 million (previous year: € 2.3 million) and, as in the previous year, ex clusively relate to cash and cash equivalents in China. The increase in cash and cash equivalents from € 143.2 million as of December 31, 2015 to € 352.6 million as of December 31, 2016 is primarily due to reporting date effects. Further details on the development of cash and cash equivalents can be found in the con solidated cash flow statement. 33. Non-current assets and disposal groups held for sale as well as associated debts As of December 31, 2016, assets in the amount of € 83.0 million and liabilities in the amount of € 14.6 million held for sale in the context of a disposal group were reported in a separate line item in the balance sheet. The disposal group relates to two sub sidiaries STADA Vietnam J.V. Co. Ltd., Ho-Chi-Minh City, Vietnam, and STADA Import/Export International Ltd., Hongkong, China, which are expected to be sold in financial year 2017. The assets and liabilities held for sale are divided between the following main groups: Assets held for sale as of Dec. 31, 2016 in € 000s Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Intangible assets Property, plant and equipment Other non-current assets Inventories Trade receivables Cash Other current assets Assets held for sale 28,314 15,731 88 24,451 9,743 3,223 1,410 82,960 – – – – – – – – STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 159 Liabilities held for sale as of Dec. 31, 2016 in € 000s Deferred taxes Other non-current liabilities Trade payables Other current liabilities Liabilities associated with assets held for sale Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 5,574 528 5,588 2,888 14,578 – – – – – As the carrying amount of the disposal group was below fair value less disposal costs as of December 31, 2016, no impairment expense was recorded. 34. Equity Group equity amounted to € 1,047.1 million as of the reporting date (previous year: € 1,018.5 million). This corresponds to an equity-to-assets ratio of 30.4% (previous year: 31.0%). 34.1. Share Capital As of December 31, 2016, share capital amounted to € 162,090,344.00 (December 31, 2015: € 162,090,344.00) and was divided into 62,342,440 registered shares (December 31, 2015: 62,342,440), each with an arithmetical share of share capital of € 2.60 per share, and is fully paid. Each share grants one vote in the Annual General Meeting. As of December 31, 2016, authorized share capital and conditional capital were comprised as follows: Amount in € Shares Purpose Authorized capital 77,134,304.00 29,667,040 Increase of share capital (until June 4, 2018) Conditional Capital 2013 Settlement of options and/or conversion rights (until June 4, 2018) in connection with issued bonds with warrants and/or convertible bonds, participation rights and/or participating bonds in the total nominal amount of up to € 1.0 billion, or in the scope of a guarantee assumed for bonds with warrants and/or convertible bonds, participation rights and/or participating bonds issued by subordinate Group companies 69,188,340.00 26,610,900 34.2. Capital reserve Changes in the capital reserve of the Group are shown in the consolidated statement of changes in equity and particularly include the capital reserve of STADA Arzneimittel AG. Differences from the capital reserve determined according to the provisions of German commercial law primarily result from the recognition at their market value of the shares of STADA Arzneimittel AG newly issued in 2003 as well as the associated treatment of issuing costs, which were deducted from the capital reserve. Changes in the capital reserve were solely the result of the change in treasury shares in fiancial year 2016. In the previous year the increase of capital reserve in particular resulted from STADA warrants 2000/2015 in the context of the exercise of options, which expired at the end of June 26, 2015. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 160 34.3. Retained earnings including net income Retained earnings including net income comprise net income for the financial year as well as earnings generated in previous periods, provided these were not distributed, including amounts transferred to retained earnings. In addition, revaluations of net debt from defined benefit plans that were recognized through other comprehensive income are reported under this item, taking deferred taxes into account. In the context of measuring the defined benefit obligations as of December 31, 2016, net income in the amount of € 4.8 million after deferred taxes – not considering amounts attributable to non-controlling interests – resulted from the remeasurement. It is mainly based on the reduction of discount rate on which the remeasurement is based for various defined benefit plans in the STADA Group underlying the measurement of December 31, 2016 in comparison with December 31, 2015. 34.4. Other reserves Other reserves include results recognized directly in equity. This relates, among other things, to foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the currency translation with no effect on income of financial statements of companies included in the Group, which are reported in the statement of changes in equity under the currency translation reserve. The reserve “available for sale” and the reserve for cash flow hedges include the results from the measurement at fair value of financial instruments categorized as available for sale, and the measurement results from cash flow hedges from the effective portion of the hedge, allowing for respective deferred taxes. The reduction of other reserves compared with the previous year is primarily composed of the following opposing effects: On the one hand, the devaluation of the British pound sterling since December 31, 2015 led to expenses recognized directly in equity from the currency translation of financial statements of companies reporting in British pound sterling. On the other hand, the appreciation of the Russian ruble since December 31, 2015 has resulted in income recognized in equity from the currency translations of financial statements of companies reporting in the respective currency, which only partially com- pensated for the previously described expenses. 34.5. Treasury shares As of the reporting date, the Company held 85,043 treasury shares (previous year: 87,259), each with an arithmetical par value of € 2.60 per share, which is equivalent to 0.14% (previous year: 0.14%) of the share capital. In financial year 2016, 2,216 treasury shares were sold at an average price of € 36.31 per share within the scope of an employee share ownership plan. 34.6. Shares relating to non-controlling shareholders Shares of non-controlling shareholders relate to minority interests of other shareholders in the subsidiaries STADA Thailand, STADA Import/Export International, STADA Vietnam, Pymepharco, STADA Pharmaceuticals (Beijing), Well Light Investment Services, Hemomont and Hemofarm Banja Luka. 35. Other non-current provisions Other non-current provisions made by STADA as of the reporting date in Germany and outside Germany include pension pro visions and other non-current provisions in the form of anniversary provisions and provisions for working time accounts as follows: in € 000s Germany Outside Germany Total Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 13,157 22,840 35,997 11,464 17,405 28,869 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 161 In Germany, STADA has plan assets in the form of reinsurance policies, which are used to serve the pension entitlements of a small number of former employees. In addition, there are plan assets for a pension obligation which was outsourced to a pension fund. All further pension entitlements are financed internally in the scope of pension provisions. In addition, there are plan assets in a few foreign subsidiaries in the form of, among others, insurances, government bonds and securities funds. In financial year 2016, the plan assets of one international subsidiary exceeded their pension obligations, with the result that these assets in excess were reported under other assets as assets from overfunded pension plans in the amount of € 0.02 mil- lion (previous year: € 0.1 million including Germany). Plan assets were divided according to investment type as follows: Share of plan assets in € 000s Cash and cash equivalents Equity securities Debt securities Real estate Derivatives Shares in investment funds Insurance policies Other Total 2016 2015 1,245 6,045 18,983 1,813 – 13,075 77,009 459 682 5,279 13,811 1,359 – 18,475 64,990 363 118,629 104,959 The plan assets, which have a quoted market price, consist of the following: Share of plan assets (quoted market price) in € 000s 2016 2015 Cash and cash equivalents Equity securities Debt securities Real estate Derivatives Shares in investment funds Insurance policies Other Total 1,245 6,045 18,983 1,813 – 682 5,279 13,811 1,359 – 13,075 16,235 – 459 – 363 41,620 37,729 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements162 For German Group companies, pension obligations developed as follows: Projected benefit obligations for pension commitments in € 000s 2016 2015 As of Jan. 1 Current service cost Past service cost Plan settlements Interest cost Benefits paid from plan assets Benefits paid by employer Revaluations: • Gains (-) / losses (+) due to changed demographic assumptions • Gains (-) / losses (+) due to changed financial assumptions • Gains (-) / losses (+) due to experience-based changes As of Dec. 31 48,748 52,474 36 – – 1,163 -114 -471 – 7,054 1,182 57,598 38 – – 1,043 -116 -477 – -4,291 77 48,748 For international Group companies, pension obligations developed as follows: Projected benefit obligations for pension commitments in € 000s 2016 2015 As of Jan. 1 Current service cost Past service cost Plan settlements Interest cost Benefits paid from plan assets Benefits paid by employer Employee contributions Insurance premiums for death and disability benefits Business combinations Disposals Reclassifications Revaluations: • Gains (-) / losses (+) due to changed demographic assumptions • Gains (-) / losses (+) due to changed financial assumptions • Gains (-) / losses (+) due to experience-based changes Currency changes Other As of Dec. 31 81,583 75,462 2,719 752 -472 2,256 -1,333 -279 492 -217 – -113 -528 -1,124 12,688 205 -3,191 -96 93,342 1,829 1,246 -36 2,084 -2,793 -615 490 -181 – -278 4,776 31 -3,899 774 2,699 -6 81,583 The past service cost is primarily attributable to a relief through new legal regulations of the minimum rate of return of future contributions of insurance-based pension contributions in Belgium as well as a one-time additional expense in connection with the early payment of an additional benefit plan in Vietnam. Plan settlements relate to positive effects from the acquisition of retirement benefits from old contracts as well as, to a lesser extent, to principle payment benefits in Ireland. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements163 Reclassifications carried out in the reporting year in the amount of € 0.5 million relate to two Asian subsidiaries, the pension obligations for which were reclassified as liabilities associated with current assets and disposal groups held for sale in accordance with IFRS 5. Furthermore, one plan was removed from the scope of consolidation due to the deconsolidation of the company STADA Egypt and reported under the corresponding disposals. The fair value of plan assets underlying the pension obligations developed as follows for German group companies: Fair value of plan assets in € 000s As of Jan. 1 Interest income Employer contributions Employee contributions Pension payments Actuarial gains (+) / losses (-) on plan assets (not included in interest result) Other As of Dec. 31 2016 2015 37,314 39,319 766 -29 – -114 6,504 – 44,441 660 338 – -116 -2,887 – 37,314 The fair value of plan assets underlying the pension obligations developed as follows for international Group companies: Fair value of plan assets in € 000s As of Jan. 1 Interest income Employer contributions Employee contributions Pension payments Insurance premiums for death and disability benefits Business combinations Disposals Reclassifications Actuarial gains (+) / losses (-) on plan assets (not included in interest result) Currency changes Other As of Dec. 31 2016 2015 67,645 62,029 1,816 2,195 492 -1,333 -217 – – – 7,228 -3,456 -182 74,188 1,667 1,422 490 -2,793 -181 – – 4,454 -1,722 2,453 -174 67,645 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements164 The amount of the pension provisions recognized as of the reporting date for companies with plan assets is therefore as follows: in € 000s Projected benefit obligations for pension commitments Fair value of plan assets Net obligation Effect from the limit on a defined benefit asset according to IFRIC 14 2016 2015 137,452 118,629 18,823 – 118,991 104,959 14,032 – Net liability recognized in balance sheet 18,823 14,032 The amount of the pension provisions recognized as of the reporting date for companies without plan assets is therefore as follows: in € 000s Projected benefit obligations for pension commitments Net liability recognized in balance sheet 2016 2015 13,488 13,488 11,340 11,340 Expenses for defined benefit plans amounted to net expenses in the total amount of € 4.0 million in financial year 2016 (pre- vious year: € 4.0 million) and consisted of the following components: in € 000s Current service cost Past service cost Plan settlements Net interest expense: • • • • Interest expense (DBO) Interest income (plan assets) Interest income from reimbursement Interest expense (+) / interest income (-) from the limit on an asset Administration costs Other Total 2016 2,755 752 -472 3,419 -2,582 – – 153 – 2015 1,867 1,246 -36 3,127 -2,327 – 7 131 0 4,025 4,015 The income from plan assets amounted to € 7.3 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: expense of € 2.2 million) for German group companies and € 9.0 million for international group companies (previous year: expense of € 0.1 million). The increase in plan assets for German Group companies is mainly due to an increase of the plan assets of an approval to the level of the gross obligation as a result of existing reinsurance; this is a consequence of a decreased measurement rate in financial year 2016. The increase in the plan assets abroad particularly results from an increase in the plan assets in the United Kingdom and the Netherlands. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements165 The following actuarial parameters were used as a basis for measuring the German pension obligations and pension costs: Parameters for pension obligations for German Group companies (weighted) Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Discount rate Salary trend Benefits trend Inflation 1.7% 3.0% 1.4% 1.8% 2.4% 1.9% 1.4% 1.8% The increase in the salary trend is due to the fact that the last active plan participant in a pension plan will receive a pension from 2017 and this pension plan will no longer have a negative influence on the average salary trend. The following actuarial parameters were used as a basis for measuring the international pension obligations and pension costs: Parameters for pension obligations for international Group companies (weighted) Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Discount rate Salary trend Benefits trend Inflation 2.1% 2.7% 0.9% 2.0% 3.0% 2.6% 0.9% 1.9% A sensitivity analysis was carried out in which only one assumption was changed in each case and all other assumptions were not changed. In the following, the change in the defined benefit obligation of the pension obligations (DBO) for German Group companies is presented according to a change in the discount rate, salary trends and pension trends. Change in the defined benefit obligation for pension obligations (DBO) as of December 31, 2016 (€ 57,598,000) according to changed assumption in € 000s Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Discount rate +0.5% Discount rate -0.5% Salary trend +0.5% Salary trend -0.5% Pension trend +0.5% Pension trend -0.5% -5,376 6,019 16 -11 6,111 -5,284 -4,691 5,448 4,051 -3,480 5,236 -4,556 The salary trend is largely insignificant after the last active plan participant in a pension plan receives a pension from 2017. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 166 In the following, the change in the defined benefit obligation of the pension obligations (DBO) for international Group companies is presented according to a change in the discount rate, salary trends and pension trends. Change in the defined benefit obligation for pension obligations (DBO) as of December 31, 2016 (€ 93,342,000) according to changed assumption in € 000s Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Discount rate +0.5% Discount rate -0.5% Salary trend +0.5% Salary trend -0.5% Pension trend +0.5% Pension trend -0.5% -7,618 8,575 867 -814 4,850 -1,256 -6,599 7,532 793 -767 4,033 -1,132 As of December 31, 2016, the weighted duration of the pension obligations amounts to 20 years (previous year: 21 years) for German Group companies and 17 years (previous year: 17 years) for international Group companies. In the coming financial years, the following payments from the Company and from plan assets overall are expected for defined benefit plans: Expected pension payments according to maturity dates in € 000s Less than 1 year Between 1 and 2 years Between 2 and 3 years Between 3 and 4 years Between 4 and 5 years Between 5 and 10 years Germany Outside Germany 1,673 1,726 1,987 1,982 1,992 9,957 3,627 3,947 3,148 2,875 2,995 17,949 For the coming financial year, employer contributions, consisting of direct pension payments and contributions to the plan, are expected in the amount of € 0.7 million for German Group companies and € 3.6 million for international Group companies. The regulations of IAS 19 require a presentation of the benefit plans that generate obligations for the company. For the STADA Group, retirement benefit plans in Germany, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom and Switzerland account for the largest share of total obligations with 83%. Accordingly, the following details focus more on these countries. In Germany, the legal framework for company pension plans is provided by the Company Pensions Act (Betriebsrentengesetz – BetrAVG), in which the minimum legal requirements for company pension plans are embedded. Regulation and legal pre cedents within labor law must also be followed. The retirement benefit plans are predominantly based upon the final salary and are concluded with newly hired employees. Plan participants are primarily beneficiaries. Benefits are paid out in the form of a pension. In Germany, STADA has plan assets in the form of reinsurance policies and in the form of assets in a pension fund. As of Decem- ber 31, 2016, plan assets amounted to € 44.4 million and were composed of three different plans. There are no plan assets for two additional plans. In the context of risk assessment, the life expectancy of plan participants plays a smaller role in Germany, as the material obligation regarding its amount and including associated risks was outsourced externally. Furthermore, there is also the common risk of the interest rate development and the risk that the real future salary development exceeds the salary development derived from assumptions taken in the evaluation. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 167 The pension commitment for the former Chairman of the Executive Board was transferred to a pension fund in full in financial year 2014. Despite the transfer, the necessity remains, due to the secondary liability of STADA, to treat the benefit plan as defined benefit plan in accordance with IAS 19 and measure and recognize it accordingly in the balance sheet. The existing plan assets lead to a provision of zero due to offsetting that must be carried out at the time of the plan amendment for this benefit plan. Because the pension commitment is fully funded, no further provisions are expected in the future. Pension legislation in the Netherlands requires pension plans to be backed by assets to such an extent that the vested benefits are completely covered. The underlying average career pension plan in the Netherlands is, in part, financed via insurance contributions that are designed to fulfill the aforementioned requirement. The plan is open for new employees and contains benefits that fall due in case of retirement or early death. In the Netherlands, the pension plan is partially financed via contributions to an insurance company. Assets received by the insurance company cannot be allocated to specific participating companies. The assets cannot be determined by a quoted active market price, instead they are determined according to the amount of vested benefit obligations. As of December 31, 2016, plan assets amounted to € 26.9 million. The Dutch company pays annual pension contributions. In the process, life expectancy risk and interest rate risk are transferred to the insurance company. The insurance company also assumes the risk of investing the proceeds. These risks are assumed by the insurance company for the entire term of the contract. If, for example, the discount rate used by the insurance company in its calculations should change, a new contract could be concluded that applies the new discount rate to underlie only future proceeds received. Not all risks have been transferred to the insurance company. Dutch law for example specifies that former employees have the right to transfer their pension entitlements to the pension plan of a new employer. If the evaluation assumptions applied in the transfer differ from the originally applied assumptions of the insurance, the company could be required to pay an additional contribution payment. In the United Kingdom, STADA provides its employees with defined benefit plans that are concluded for new hires. The em ployees can also no longer earn an additional increase in their entitlements. The pension plans are subject to the UK Trust Law and the UK Pension Regulator and are monitored by trustees who determine the investment strategy. The trustees are also responsible for fulfilling the legally required pension plan funding and ensuring sufficient assets to cover the technical provision of the plan. The pension plan is subject to risks relating to the discount rate and participant life expectancy as well as inflation risk, if these values develop contrary to expectations. If the discount rate is low, the level of funding decreases, which may require the pay- ment of additional contributions. There is a financing risk in plan assets in that plan assets could develop contrary to expectations and plan assets could therefore only compensate in part for changes in the obligations. In the long-term, 40% of the plan assets in the United Kingdom should be invested in so-called matching assets, which guarantee the fulfillment of future pension obligations under changing market conditions. In accordance with target allocation, the remaining 60% should be invested in so-called growth assets, for which an above-average rate of return is expected in comparison with the obligation development. As of December 31, 2016, plan assets amounted to € 23.3 million. All assets have quoted market prices on an active market. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements168 In Switzerland, all employers must offer their employees a pension plan according to federal pension law (Bundesgesetz über die berufliche Alters-, Hinterlassenen- und Invalidenvorsorge – BVG). Employees whose salary exceeds the entry limit are obliged to be insured – this is re-determined periodically. The BVG requires a minimum plan (the “BVG minimum”) that must always be covered. STADA’s Swiss benefit plan includes benefits in case of death, disability, departure and upon reaching retirement age. The annual pension is calculated based on a savings account and conversion rate determined according to the age of retirement. Plan participants can opt for a capital option. The contributions for defined contribution plans, which are reported as expense in the respective period in the relevant functional areas, amounted to € 23.2 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: € 22.4 million). The other non-current provisions developed as follows: Other non-current provisions in € 000s As of Jan. 1 Current service cost Past service cost Plan settlements Interest cost Benefits paid Business combinations Revaluations • Gains (-) / losses (+) due to changed demographic assumptions • Gains (-) / losses (+) due to changed financial assumptions • Gains (-) / losses (+) due to experience-based changes Currency changes Reclassifications As of Dec. 31 2016 3,434 295 -203 – 223 -330 – 22 472 -230 -15 – 2015 3,243 282 1 – 207 -443 – 19 -1 132 -6 – 3,668 3,434 The following actuarial parameters were used as a basis for measuring the other long-term provisions: Parameters for other long-term provisions for international Group companies (weighted) Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Discount rate Salary trend Inflation 5.0% 4.0% 3.3% 6.7% 4.0% 3.3% STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 169 36. Financial liabilities Financial liabilities are comprised as follows in accordance with their remaining terms as of the balance sheet date: Liabilities promissory note loans Amounts due to banks Liabilities from bonds Total Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 43,993 187,734 90,351 86,938 – – 134,343 274,672 294,487 43,935 25,575 80,353 348,912 348,149 668,974 472,437 307,665 314,252 61,314 – 542 – – – – – 308,207 314,252 297,918 297,524 359,232 297,524 707,459 545,921 116,468 167,291 646,830 645,673 1,470,757 1,358,885 in € 000s Remaining terms up to 1 year Remaining terms over 1 year up to 3 years Remaining terms over 3 years up to 5 years Remaining terms over 5 years Financial liabilities The increase in financial liabilities was attributable to the securing of additional promissory note loans in the total amount of € 350.0 million, which will be used for the financing of the promissory note loans, which expired in financial year 2016 in the total amount of € 188.0 million. The contractually agreed undiscounted cash flows, as of the reporting date December 31, 2016, from interest payments and repayment of financial liabilities for the coming years can be seen in the following table: 2017 2018 > 2019 Interest rate fixed Interest rate variable Repay- ment Interest rate fixed Interest rate variable Repay- ment Interest rate fixed Interest rate variable Repay- ment 22,471 2,396 125,066 20,347 2,322 383,350 35,734 2,508 966,789 in € 000s Cash flows from financial liabilities The following projection of cash flows from financial liabilities was generated in the previous year: 2016 2017 > 2017 Interest rate fixed Interest rate variable Repay- ment Interest rate fixed Interest rate variable Repay- ment Interest rate fixed Interest rate variable Repay- ment 30,295 3,856 248,978 19,167 2,188 94,352 42,164 2,377 990,142 in € 000s Cash flows from financial liabilities STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 170 For the financial liabilities existing as of the reporting date, a repayment in accordance with the maturity disclosed in the balance sheet was generally assumed. For current liabilities due to banks, an extension of existing credit lines was partly assumed. The variable interest payments from the promissory note loans were determined based on the interest rate last fixed before Decem- ber 31, 2016. Internal measures to ensure the necessary liquidity for repayment of financial liabilities are detailed in the Notes on the capital management of liquidity risk (see Note 46.5.). 37. Trade payables Trade payables are composed as follows: in € 000s Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Trade payables to third parties Trade payables to non-consolidated Group companies Advances received on orders from third parties Liabilities from outstanding accounts Total 244,138 252,278 3,784 634 88,288 336,844 115 1,618 74,476 328,487 Of the total amount of trade payables, € 0.0 million (previous year: € 0.0 million) are due after one year. The change in trade payables primarily resulted from effects related to the reporting date, especially relating to deferrals for outstanding invoices. Furthermore, financial year 2016 saw an increase in comparison to the previous year resulting from business combinations reported in accordance with IFRS 3. 38. Other financial liabilities Other financial liabilities are broken down as follows: in € 000s Outstanding purchase price liabilities Finance lease liabilities Liabilities from derivative financial instruments Other financial liabilities Total Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Total 5,609 3,316 11,869 197,153 217,947 thereof: current 3,616 1,489 11,869 197,057 214,031 Total 3,972 2,211 4,611 215,199 225,993 thereof: current 1,545 1,010 4,283 215,199 222,037 As of December 31, 2016, the outstanding purchase price liabilities were primarily attributable to outstanding contingent consideration for the acquisition of Argentinean company Laboratorio Vannier and product acquisitions in Italy and the United Kingdom. As of December 31, 2015 the outstanding purchase price liabilities had mainly comprised amounts from the acquisition of the British Socialites group and various products in the United Kingdom, which were not yet due. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 171 Finance lease liabilities, such as for vehicles and passenger vehicles, amount to € 3.3 million (previous year: € 2.2 million). Considering interest in the amount of € 0.6 million (previous year: € 0.3 million), lease installments payable in subsequent years total € 3.9 million (previous year: € 2.5 million). The lease liabilities are due as follows: Lease installments Interest Finance lease liabilities in € 000s Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Remaining terms up to 1 year 1,807 1,214 Remaining terms over 1 year up to 3 years Remaining terms over 3 years up to 5 years Remaining terms over 5 years Total 1,679 1,294 402 34 22 – 3,922 2,530 318 271 17 – 606 204 113 2 – 319 1,489 1,010 1,408 1,181 385 34 20 – 3,316 2,211 In addition, the negative market values of derivatives measured at fair value through profit or loss were reported in liabilities from derivative financial instruments. In financial year 2016, this related to cross-currency swaps and currency forwards (see Note 45.1.). Within the scope of the maturity date analysis, the following contractually agreed remaining terms result for these derivative financial liabilities: in € 000s Remaining terms up to 1 year Remaining terms over 1 year up to 3 years Remaining terms over 3 years up to 5 years Remaining terms over 5 years Total Derivative financial liabilities Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 11,869 – – – 1,238 3,328 – – 11,869 4,611 Remaining financial liabilities include liabilities from discount agreements of German STADA companies in the amount of € 166.3 million (previous year: € 178.3 million) and furthermore comprise many insignificant individual items in the Group companies. The remaining financial liabilities fall due in the amount of € 197.2 million (previous year: € 215.2 million) within one year, in the amount of € 0.1 million after one year and up to five years. The contractually agreed undiscounted cash flows, as of the reporting date December 31, 2016, from interest payments and repayment of finance lease liabilities and for the liabilities from derivative financial instruments for the coming years can be seen in the following table: in € 000s Cash flows from finance lease liabilities Cash flows from derivatives 2017 2018 2019 – 2021 Interest rate fixed Interest rate variable Repay- ment Interest rate fixed Interest rate variable Repay- ment Interest rate fixed Interest rate variable Repay- ment 318 156 – – 1,489 179 – – – – 862 109 – – – – 931 – STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 172 The following projection of cash flows from finance lease liabilities as well as derivatives was generated in the previous year: in € 000s Cash flows from finance lease liabilities Cash flows from derivatives 2016 2017 2018 – 2020 Interest rate fixed Interest rate variable Repay- ment Interest rate fixed Interest rate variable Repay- ment Interest rate fixed Interest rate variable Repay- ment 204 1,465 – – 1,010 96 – 107 – – 883 – 19 – – – 218 – Included were all financial instruments used by STADA which existed as of December 31, 2016 and for which payments had already been contractually agreed. Further details on liabilities from derivative financial instruments can be found in the Notes on financial instruments Note 45. and Note 46.7. 39. Other financial liabilities Other liabilities were comprised as follows: in € 000s Tax liabilities Personnel related liabilities Other liabilities Total Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Total 8,170 64,308 47,424 thereof: current 8,121 64,308 46,504 Total 12,499 47,387 44,548 thereof: current 12,499 47,254 42,628 119,902 118,933 104,434 102,381 Among other things, other liabilities include the share-based Executive Board remuneration from deferrals, which is calculated at fair value. Until the liability is settled, the fair value is to be calculated at each financial statement reporting date and at the date of settlement, and the changes in current fair values are to be recognized in the income statement through profit or loss. In addition, personnel-related liabilities increased primarily due to reorganizational decisions and structural measures resulting from a changed corporate structure. Remaining liabilities comprise many insignificant individual items in the Group companies. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 40. Other provisions Other provisions are composed as follows: in € 000s Provisions set aside for damages Warranties Total 173 Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 1,425 18,848 20,273 1,082 21,450 22,532 Provisions set aside for damages include possible utilization from pending legal disputes including the associated legal costs and developed as follows: in € 000s As of Jan. 1 Added Utilized Reversed Currency translation differences As of Dec. 31 Utilization is expected within the next twelve months. Provisions for warranties developed as follows: in € 000s As of Jan. 1 Added Utilized Reversed Changes in the scope of consolidation As of Dec. 31 Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 1,082 857 200 306 -8 343 739 – – – 1,425 1,082 Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 21,450 12,964 12,426 3,140 0 17,099 13,046 8,632 63 – 18,848 21,450 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements174 Other Disclosures 41. Notes to the cash flow statement Cash flow from operating activities consists of changes in items not covered by investments, financing, exchange differences on the conversion of foreign financial statements or transactions in foreign currencies or through changes in the scope of consolidation and measurement. Cash flow from operating activities improved to € 333.5 million in the reporting year (previous year: € 311.7 million). The increase in cash flow from operating activities of € 21.8 million compared to the previous year is primarily due to a comparatively significantly lower cash-effective increase of inventories and a cash-effective increase in trade accounts payable, although in the previous year a significant cash-effective decrease was recorded here. This positive effect on cash flow from operating activities was partly compensated by cash flows from other net assets that were significantly higher than the previous year. Cash flow from investing activities reflects the cash outflows for investments reduced by the inflows from disposals. It amounted to € -172.7 million in the reporting year (previous year: € -178.2 million). In financial year 2016, payments for investments in intangible assets in the amount of € 76.1 million (previous year: € 81.4 mil- lion) were made, of which € 33.4 million (previous year: € 32.3 million) related to significant investments in intangible assets for the short-term expansion of the product portfolio. Acquisition-related sales growth was generally associated with these investments in the reporting year. Proceeds from the disposal of non-current assets amounted to € 11.0 million (previous year: € 11.8 million) in the financial year. The cash flow from investing activities was particularly influenced by payments for investments in intangible assets in the financial year 2016, primarily relating to advance payments made for the development of approvals, trademarks and licence acquisitions in Germany and the United Kingdom. Furthermore, payments were also made for business con tributions, in particular from the purchase of a product portfolio in Serbia, as well as the purchase of the British Natures Aid and the Argen- tinean Laboratorio Vannier. Cash flow from financing activities amounts to € 55.2 million in financial year 2016 (previous year: € -155.1 million) and encompasses payments from changes in financial liabilities, dividend distribution payments and payments for treasury shares as well as additions to shareholders’ equity. This development was primarily attributable to the securing of additional pro- missory note loans in the total amount of € 350.0 million, which will be used for the refinancing of the promissory note loans expiring in financial year 2016 in the total amount of € 188.0 million. In addition, significantly fewer financial liabilities were repaid in the reporting year than in the previous year. Dividend distribution payments of € 43.6 million primarily related to the dividend paid to the shareholders of STADA Arznei- mittel AG for financial year 2015. Free cash flow as the sum of cash flow from operating activities and cash flow from investing activities amounted to € 160.9 mil- lion in financial year 2016 (previous year: € 133.5 million) and is therefore still significantly characterized by a high volume of acquisitions. Free cash flow, adjusted for effects from payments for significant investments and acquisitions and effects of proceeds from significant disposals is calculated as follows: STADA Consolidated Financial Statements175 in € 000s Cash flow from operating activities Cash flow from investing activities + Payments for investments in business combinations according to IFRS 3 + Payments for significant investments in intangible assets for the short-term expansion of the product portfolio - Proceeds from disposals in significant disinvestments Adjusted free cash flow 2016 2015 333,522 -172,666 52,901 33,420 4,169 311,748 -178,217 56,778 32,256 10,207 243,008 212,358 42. Segment Reporting The measurement approaches for segment reporting are in accordance with the financial reporting methods used in the IFRS consolidated financial statements. Services between the segments are charged based on market prices. Segmentation within the STADA Group is based on sales differentiation. Thus, the allocation to the individual segments is determined to a large extent by the sales positioning. If this positioning changes for parts of the product portfolio, associated sales are reclassified. In the previous year, STADA aggregated business segments into the reportable segments of Generics and Branded Products, because the type of products, the sales methods and the regulatory framework conditions are largely comparable. According to the new reporting structure, which was introduced in the third quarter, the Group is now only managed by operating segment, i.e. according to the two segments Generics and Branded Products. This measure is primarily designed to take account of the growth strategy including central management of the segments, increasing internationalization of the Branded product portfolio as well as stricter cost control. As part of the changes to the reporting structures over the course of the current financial year, the non-core Commercial Business segment was integrated into the Generics segment. Therefore, the figures reported for the Generics segment for financial year 2016 as well as those for the previous year include the non-core activity Commercial Business, which was previously disclosed separately. Generics are products for the health care market – usually with a drug character – which contain one or several active ingredients whose commercial property rights have expired and whose sales positioning complies with one of the two following criteria: • The product is offered by emphasizing its low price, usually in contrast to the product of another supplier which contains the identical active pharmaceutical ingredient, or • the product is an integral part of a marketing concept targeting more than one product and indication for primarily prescription products with active ingredients whose commercial property rights have expired, or • the product is sold under its international non-proprietary name (INN). Branded Products are products for the health care market which contain one or several active ingredients whose commercial property rights have expired and whose sales positioning complies with one of the two following criteria: • The product is sold under a product-specific brand name and with emphasis on specific product characteristics which aim at a unique position of the product in contrast to competitive products and other Group products, or • the product is part of a marketing concept for primarily non-prescription products which are mainly sold under a product-specific brand name and with emphasis on different specific product characteristics which aim at a unique position of the product in contrast to competitive products and other Group products. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 176 All other income, expenses and assets, which cannot be directly allocated to the segments, as well as the elimination of sales between segments are recognized under the reconciliation Group holdings/other and consolidation. Disclosures on significant non-cash items include impairments on inventories and receivables; they do not, however, include depreciation and amortization as well as the offsetting of impairments and write-ups. In addition, further non-cash items, particularly non-cash effects from accruals for health insurance organization billings are included here. Reporting of the segment liabilities and non-current segment assets is waived, as this is without relevance for Group monitoring and for Group reporting. 42.1 Information by operating segment in € 000s Generics External sales Sales with other segments Total sales Operating profit Depreciation/amortization Impairment losses Reversals 2016 2015 1,280,757 1,261,444 3,431 398 1,284,188 1,261,842 195,188 177,668 50,535 9,858 3 49,770 5,480 – Branded Products External sales 858,462 853,598 Other significant non-cash items within operating result -186,136 -192,359 Sales with other segments Total sales Operating profit Depreciation/amortization Impairment losses Reversals 40 858,502 81,361 62,140 42,706 – – 853,598 130,043 60,704 20,970 – Other significant non-cash items within operating result -29,358 -32,466 Reconciliation Group holdings/ other and consolidation External sales Sales with other segments Total sales Operating profit Depreciation/amortization Impairment losses Reversals Group External sales Other significant non-cash items within operating result Sales with other segments Total sales Operating profit Depreciation/amortization Impairment losses Reversals 1 -3,471 -3,470 -98,426 4,506 12,916 – -3,426 87 -398 -311 -83,968 8,175 6,750 – -1,404 2,139,220 2,115,129 – – 2,139,220 2,115,129 178,123 117,180 65,480 3 223,743 118,648 33,200 – Other significant non-cash items within operating result -218,920 -226,229 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 42.2. Reconciliation of segment results to net profit in € 000s Operating segment profit Reconciliation Group holdings/other and consolidation Result from investments measured at equity Investment income Financial income Financial expenses Earnings before taxes, Group 42.3. Reconciliation of segment assets to Group assets in € 000s Segment assets Reconciliation Group holdings/other and consolidation Other non-current assets Current assets Total assets, Group 42.4. Information by country 177 2016 2015 276,549 -98,426 703 24 2,716 54,137 127,429 307,711 -83,968 1,419 138 1,170 68,667 157,803 Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 1,837,984 1,868,754 69,327 42,231 103,223 60,332 1,490,902 1,255,106 3,440,444 3,287,415 in € 000s Germany Russian Federation United Kingdom Italy Spain Other regions Total, Group Sales developments by the business premises Non-current assets 2016 2015 Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 532,138 265,459 259,369 201,389 117,084 763,781 482,838 315,755 252,383 189,183 117,190 757,780 551,812 234,046 470,204 35,809 61,312 551,893 577,247 192,230 525,101 38,414 61,687 575,958 2,139,220 2,115,129 1,905,076 1,970,637 In the presentation of sales by the company’s business premises, sales to third parties are shown according to the invoicing company’s registered office of the countries listed. Disclosures on assets by country relate to parts of the non-current assets (intangible assets, property, plant and equipment). STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 178 42.5. Information about major customers In accordance with IFRS 8.34, a company must provide notification when sales revenues from business activities from a single external customer amount to at least 10% of the company’s total sales revenues. As in the previous year, this related to no customer in the reporting year. 43. Contingent liabilities Contingent liabilities describe possible obligations with respect to third parties which result from past events and which may lead to a future outflow of resources depending on specific events. As of the balance sheet date, these contingent liabilities were considered improbable and are therefore not accounted. STADA has contingent liabilities, among other things, in connection with patent risks for certain active pharmaceutical ingredients and associated pending or impending proceedings. The resulting possible obligations amounted to approx. € 12.9 mil- lion (previous year: € 12.4 million). The development compared with the previous year was primarily attributable to the elimination of possible liabilities in the amount of € 5.1 million, but also possible liabilities in the amount of € 4.5 million being recognized. Furthermore, a changed estimation relating to the high imminent outflow of resources for patent risks, which ex- isted in the previous year, led to a further increase of contingent liabilities in the amount of € 1.1 million. Provisions were not created for contingent liabilities as the probability of an outflow of assets is under 50%. Outflows poten- tially resulting from these risks would generally be short-term. 44. Other financial obligations In addition to the contingent liabilities, there were other future financial obligations, which can be broken down as follows: in € 000s Operating lease liabilities Other financial obligations Total Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 69,111 42,460 81,288 33,634 111,571 114,922 Liabilities from operating leases relate particularly to IT equipment and vehicles. In addition, there are liabilities from long-term rental agreements for office buildings with an average contract term of four years. The total of future minimum lease payments under operating leases amounted to € 69.1 million as of the end of the financial year (previous year: € 81.3 million) and can be broken down according to remaining term as follows: in € 000s Remaining terms up to 1 year Remaining terms over 1 year to 5 years Remaining terms over 5 years Total Operating leases Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 28,673 37,860 2,578 69,111 32,151 39,473 9,664 81,288 Lease payments in the amount of € 32.4 million (previous year: € 30.5 million) were recognized as an expense in financial year 2016. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements179 There is still a guarantee amounting to € 25.0 million towards Hospira Inc., Lake Forest, Illinois, USA, in connection with a supply agreement between Hospira and the shares in the associate BIOCEUTICALS Arzneimittel AG which are recognized under the equity method. STADA, as guarantor, has continued to recognize this guarantee as a financial guarantee in accordance with IAS 39 with a fair value in the amount of € 0.3 million in the reporting year (previous year: € 0.3 million). Utilization of this guarantee granted is currently not expected. Furthermore, additional guarantees assumed by the STADA Group are included in other financial liabilities, among other things. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements180 45. Disclosures about financial instruments 45.1. Carrying amounts, valuation rates and fair values according to valuation categories The following disclosures are made on carrying amounts, valuation rates and fair values by valuation category, whereby the following abbreviations are used for the valuation categories pursuant to IAS 39: LaR (loans and receivables), HtM (held- to-maturity investments), AfS (available-for-sale financial assets), FAHfT (financial assets held for trading), FLHfT (financial liabilities held for trading) and FLAC (financial liabilities measured at amortized cost). Valuation rate balance sheet in accordance with IAS 39 Carrying amount Dec. 31, 2016 Valuation category pursuant to IAS 39 Amortized cost Fair value not included in the income statement Fair value included in the income statement Valuation rate in accordance with IAS 17 in € 000s Assets Cash and cash equivalents Trade accounts receivable Available-for-sale financial assets Derivative financial assets without hedging relationship Other financial assets Equity and liabilities Trade accounts payable Amounts due to banks Promissory note loans Bonds Liabilities financial leasing Derivative financial liabilities with hedging relationship Derivative financial liabilities without hedging relationship Other financial liabilities Thereof aggregated according to valuation categories in accordance with IAS 39 Loans and receivables Available-for-sale financial assets Financial assets held for trading 352,580 489,071 2,236 9,914 34,416 336,844 116,468 707,459 646,830 3,316 – 11,869 202,763 876,067 2,236 9,914 LaR LaR AfS FAHfT LaR FLAC FLAC FLAC FLAC n/a n/a FLHfT FLAC LaR AfS FAHfT 352,580 489,071 2,236 – 34,416 336,844 116,468 707,459 646,830 – – – 202,763 876,067 2,236 – Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost 2,010,364 FLAC 2,010,364 Financial liabilities held for trading 11,869 FLHfT – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 9,914 – – – – – – – 11,869 – – – 9,914 – 11,869 – – – – – – – – – 3,316 – – – – – – – – Valuation rate balance sheet in accordance with IAS 39 Fair Value Dec. 31, 2016 Carrying amount previous year Amortized the income cost statement statement with IAS 17 Fair value included in the income Valuation rate in accordance Fair Value Dec. 31, 2015 Fair value not included in 352,580 143,178 143,178 489,071 485,901 485,901 2,236 1,339 1,339 9,914 34,416 27,461 55,536 – 55,536 27,461 336,844 326,869 326,869 117,531 167,290 167,290 746,076 545,921 545,921 665,138 645,673 645,673 3,316 2,211 – 1,273 1,273 11,869 3,338 3,338 202,763 219,172 219,172 876,067 684,615 684,615 2,236 9,914 1,339 27,461 1,339 2,068,352 1,904,924 1,904,924 11,869 3,338 27,461 3,338 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 2,211 2,211 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 143,178 485,901 1,339 27,461 55,536 326,869 165,045 577,812 659,125 1,273 3,338 219,172 684,615 1,339 27,461 1,948,022 3,338 – – – – – STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 45. Disclosures about financial instruments 45.1. Carrying amounts, valuation rates and fair values according to valuation categories The following disclosures are made on carrying amounts, valuation rates and fair values by valuation category, whereby the following abbreviations are used for the valuation categories pursuant to IAS 39: LaR (loans and receivables), HtM (held- to-maturity investments), AfS (available-for-sale financial assets), FAHfT (financial assets held for trading), FLHfT (financial liabilities held for trading) and FLAC (financial liabilities measured at amortized cost). Valuation rate balance sheet in accordance with IAS 39 Fair value Carrying amount Valuation category not Fair value Valuation included in included in rate in Dec. 31, pursuant to Amortized the income the income accordance 2016 IAS 39 cost statement statement with IAS 17 in € 000s Assets Cash and cash equivalents Trade accounts receivable Available-for-sale financial assets Derivative financial assets without hedging relationship Other financial assets Equity and liabilities Trade accounts payable Amounts due to banks Promissory note loans Bonds Liabilities financial leasing relationship relationship Other financial liabilities Derivative financial liabilities with hedging Derivative financial liabilities without hedging Thereof aggregated according to valuation categories in accordance with IAS 39 Loans and receivables Available-for-sale financial assets Financial assets held for trading 352,580 489,071 2,236 9,914 34,416 336,844 116,468 707,459 646,830 3,316 – 11,869 202,763 876,067 2,236 9,914 LaR LaR AfS FAHfT LaR FLAC FLAC FLAC FLAC n/a n/a FLHfT FLAC LaR AfS FAHfT 352,580 489,071 2,236 – 34,416 336,844 116,468 707,459 646,830 202,763 876,067 2,236 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 9,914 11,869 9,914 11,869 3,316 – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost 2,010,364 FLAC 2,010,364 Financial liabilities held for trading 11,869 FLHfT 181 Valuation rate balance sheet in accordance with IAS 39 Fair Value Dec. 31, 2016 Carrying amount previous year Amortized cost Fair value not included in the income statement Fair value included in the income statement Valuation rate in accordance with IAS 17 Fair Value Dec. 31, 2015 352,580 143,178 143,178 489,071 485,901 485,901 2,236 1,339 1,339 9,914 34,416 27,461 55,536 – 55,536 336,844 326,869 326,869 117,531 167,290 167,290 746,076 545,921 545,921 665,138 645,673 645,673 3,316 2,211 – 1,273 11,869 3,338 – – – 202,763 219,172 219,172 876,067 684,615 684,615 2,236 9,914 1,339 27,461 1,339 – 2,068,352 1,904,924 1,904,924 11,869 3,338 – – – – – – – – – – – 1,273 – – – – – – – – – – 27,461 – – – – – – – 3,338 – – – 27,461 – 3,338 – – – – – – – – – 143,178 485,901 1,339 27,461 55,536 326,869 165,045 577,812 659,125 2,211 2,211 – – – – – – – – 1,273 3,338 219,172 684,615 1,339 27,461 1,948,022 3,338 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 182 Since cash and cash equivalents as well as trade receivables mainly have short remaining terms, their carrying amounts as of the closing date correspond approximately to the fair value. Deviations of the fair values from the carrying amounts occur as shown in the chart above in the case of promissory note loans, bonds, as well as liabilities to banks. The cash flows calculated by means of the current yield curve were discounted to the measurement date to determine the fair values. Available-for-sale financial assets are primarily the carrying amounts of those shares in non-consolidated investments which are entirely measured at amortized cost for lack of available market prices. The fair values of remaining financial receivables as well as of held-to-maturity financial investments with remaining terms of more than a year correspond to the present values of the payments connected with the assets taking into consideration the respective current interest parameters that reflect market and partner-related changes in the conditions and expectations. Trade payables as well as remaining financial liabilities also regularly have short remaining terms so that the recognized values approximate the fair values. For the disclosures according to class of financial instrument necessary in accordance with IFRS 7, STADA defines each valuation category as a class. The table below shows how the valuation rates of financial instruments measured at fair value were determined for the respective classes of financial instruments: Level 1 Quoted prices in active markets Level 2 Valuation methods with input parameters observable in the market Level 3 Valuation methods with input parameters not observable in the market Fair values by levels of hierarchy in € 000s on a recurring basis Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Financial assets held for trading (FAHfT) • Currency forwards • Interest rate/currency swaps Financial liabilities held for trading (FLHfT) • Currency forwards • Interest rate/currency swaps Derivative financial liabilities with hedging relationship • Cash flow hedges – – – – – – – – – – 4 – 8,507 – – – – – – – – 9,910 3,118 24,343 – 9 3,362 3,329 – 1,273 In the context of the preparation of the financial statements, STADA reviews the allocation to the respective hierarchy levels according to information available on the determination of the fair values. If the need for reclassification is determined, the reclassification is carried out as of the beginning of the reporting period. In the financial year, there were no reclassifications among the respective hierarchy levels. The fair values are analyzed in the context of the preparation of the financial statements. For this purpose, market comparisons and change analyses are carried out. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 183 Derivative financial assets (FAHfT) and derivative financial liabilities (FLHfT) include positive or negative market values of derivative financial instruments (interest rate/currency swaps and foreign exchange swaps) not part of a hedging relationship. The fair values of currency forwards were calculated using financial mathematics based on current market data provided by a reputable information service, such as spot exchange rates or swap rates, in one system according to standardized procedures. In the previous year, the fair values were determined using appropriate valuation models by external third parties. This con- tinued to apply for interest rate/currency swaps in the year under review. This includes the application of discounted cash flow methods, which are largely based on input parameters observable in the market. The cash flows which are already fixed or calculated by means of the current yield curve are discounted to the measurement date with the discount factors determined by means of the yield curve valid on the balance sheet date. The same applies for the calculation of the fair values of the derivative financial liabilities with a hedging relationship, which reflect the negative market values of the interest rate swaps in the previous year used as hedging instruments. As STADA utilizes pricing information from external third parties without further correction in the determination of the fair value, and therefore does not produce any quantitative, non-observable input factors, the option of IFRS 13 to waive the disclosure of quantitative information on such input factors is taken. Financial assets and liabilities allocated to hierarchy level 3 and recognized at fair value developed as follows in financial year 2016: in € 000s Balance as of Jan. 1, 2016 Reclassification from level 2 Currency changes Total result • in the income statement • directly in equity Additions Realizations Reclassification in level 2 Balance at December 31, 2016 Income recognized through profit or loss Other income/other expenses thereof • attributable to assets/liabilities held as of the reporting date Financial result thereof • attributable to assets/liabilities held as of the reporting date Financial assets measured at fair value Financial liabilities measured at fair value 27,461 -4,611 – – -32,436 -32,436 – – 14,885 – 9,910 -32,436 -24,132 -3,024 -8,304 -358 – – 524 -749 1,273 – 725 – -3,362 -749 -212 -239 -537 205 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 184 Financial assets and liabilities allocated to hierarchy level 3 and measured at equity developed as follows as compared to the previous year: in € 000s Balance as of Jan. 1, 2015 Reclassification from level 2 Currency changes Total result • in the income statement • directly in equity Additions Realizations Reclassification in level 2 Balance at December 31, 2015 Income recognized through profit or loss Other income/other expenses thereof • attributable to assets/liabilities held as of the reporting date Financial result thereof • attributable to assets/liabilities held as of the reporting date Financial assets measured at fair value Financial liabilities measured at fair value 33,250 -3,124 – – -782 -782 – – -5,007 – 27,461 -12,804 6,826 8,302 -7,609 -7,332 – – -1,728 -3,120 1,392 – 241 – -4,611 -3,120 -2,890 -2,653 -230 -231 45.2. Net earnings from financial instruments by valuation category Net earnings recognized through profit or loss from financial assets and liabilities can be broken down as follows: Net earnings by valuation category in € 000s From interest and dividends Loans and receivables (LaR) 2,716 From subsequent measurement Net earnings at fair value Currency translation Value adjustment from disposals Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Available-for-sale financial assets (AfS) Financial assets held for trading (FAHfT) Financial liabilities measured at amortized cost Financial liabilities held for trading (FLHfT) Total – – 24 -1,055 2,296 -39,120 – 8,595 32,236 -5,972 – – – -3,450 – – – – – 28,980 -46,085 -3,426 3 -36,307 -35,066 -5,789 – -30,525 -54,414 -686 -38,121 -8,542 -6,246 40,831 -9,422 -56,180 -19,873 -29,101 -69,138 -15,617 -97,453 STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 185 The disclosure of interest from financial instruments is made in financial income and financial expenses in the interest result. Dividends received are disclosed in investment income. With the exception of the valuation results from interest rate/currency swaps and/or currency swaps recognized at fair value through profit or loss, which are reported under financial income or financial expenses and partially also in the currency translation result, disclosure of the remaining components of net earnings is made in other income or other expenses. Earnings from the disposal of financial instruments relate to currency swaps expired in financial year 2016 and the partial fulfillment of cross-currency swaps. Valuation results from financial assets held for sale and cash flow hedges, which are reported under other comprehensive income in equity, are not included in this presentation as they had no effect on income. 46. Risk management, derivative financial instruments and disclosures on capital management 46.1. Principles of risk management The basic principles of financial policy and of financial risk management are determined or confirmed at least once annually by the Executive Board in the context of the budget process. Furthermore, all transactions above a certain limit determined to be relevant by the Executive Board must first be approved by the Executive Board. The Executive Board is also regularly informed of the nature, scope and amount of current risks. 46.2. Currency risks STADA’s Group and balance sheet currency is euro. Due to the international alignment of business activities, STADA is subject to risks arising from exchange rate fluctuations. On the one hand, these risks consist of potential changes in value, especially of receivables and liabilities in a currency other than the respective functional currency as a result of exchange rate fluctuation (transaction risk). However, STADA is only subject to this risk to a limited extent, as the company counters risks from currency-related fluctuations, alongside natural hedges, through the use of derivative financial instruments, which are used to hedge currency risks from operating activities, financial transactions and investments. In the reporting year, STADA made use of foreign-exchange futures contracts and interest / currency swaps. The maturity dates of futures contracts are thereby selected to match the Company’s anticipated cash flows. The remaining term of the contracts is currently up to one year. In the context of consolidated financial statements, on the other hand, exchange rate fluctuations lead to an accounting effect as a result of the conversion of the balance sheet items as well as the conversion of earnings and expenses of international Group companies with a different functional currency than euro (translation risk). The appreciation of the euro as compared to the other currencies is generally negative and devaluation is generally positive. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements186 STADA determines quantitative disclosures on risks in connection with currency changes by means of aggregating all of the Group companies’ foreign currency items that are not denominated in the respective Group company’s functional currency. In case of hedging transactions they are compared with the positive or negative balances from the aggregation. This results in the subsequent material outstanding foreign currency items as of the respective reporting dates, which in case of a change to the foreign currency item due to a 10% appreciation or a 10% depreciation of the euro in comparison respective functional currency are as follows: in € 000s Kazakhstani tenge US dollar Ukrainian hryvnia Kazakhstani tenge Russian ruble Ukrainian hryvnia Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Outstanding foreign currency item Income (+) / expense (-) from an appreciation of the euro in comparison to the respective functional currency by 10% Income (+) / expense (-) from a depreciation of the euro in comparison to the respective functional currency by 10% Equity increase (+) / equity reduction (-) from an appreciation of the euro in comparison to the respective functional currency by 10% Equity increase (+) / equity reduction (-) from a devaluation of the euro in comparison to the respective functional currency by 10% +1,003 -27,799 +5,651 -16,944 +45,441 -17,117 -2,126 +2,780 -3,089 -1,694 +1,341 -3,721 +2,126 -2,780 +3,089 +1,694 -1,341 +3,721 -2,552 +2,796 -2,669 -2,053 -2,054 -3,740 +2,552 -2,796 +2,669 +2,053 +2,054 +3,740 Here, any currency risk is isolated, i.e. it is taken into account without mutual dependencies. The outstanding foreign currency items in Kazakhstani tenge, US dollar and Ukrainian hryvnia relate to a balance from inter- national Group companies in euro and outstanding foreign currency reserves in Kazakhstani tenge, US dollar and Ukrainian hryvnia. The risk in connection with the outstanding foreign currency reserves in euro, from the Group’s perspective, results from the functional currency of the respective international Group company. Overall, based on outstanding foreign currency items as of the reporting date, an appreciation or a devaluation of the respective functional currency by 10% compared to the currencies of relevance for the Group would have led to an effect on earnings in the amount of an expense of € 2.6 million (previous year: € 6.8 million) or in the amount of earnings of € 2.6 million (previous year: € 6.8 million). 46.3. Interest rate risks STADA is subject to interest risks from financial assets as well as financial debts, primarily in the Euro zone and Russia. In order to minimize the effects of significant interest rate fluctuations, STADA manages the interest rate risk for the financial liabilities denominated in euro with hedging transactions. In financial year 2016, to hedge the interest rate risk, there were cash flow hedges in the form of interest rate swaps in the first six months. Taking into account these hedging transactions, an average of 85% (previous year: 85%) of financial liabilities denominated in euro and 100% (previous year: 100%) of those denominated in ruble had fixed interest rates in 2016. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements 187 STADA calculates existing interest rate risks using sensitivity analyses, which show the effects of changes in market interest rates on interest payments, interest income and expenses as well as equity. The following factors – if relevant – are generally included in the calculation: • changes in the market interest rate of interest rate derivatives designated as hedging instruments in the context of cash flow hedges, • changes in the market interest rate of original financial liabilities with variable interest rates that are not hedged against interest rate risks, and • changes in the market interest rate of interest rate derivatives not part of a hedging relationship. in € million Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Income (+) / expense (-) from an increase in the market interest rate level of 100 basis points Income (+) / expense (-) from a decrease in the market interest rate level of 100 basis points Equity increase (+) / equity reduction (-) from an increase in the market interest rate level of 100 basis points Equity increase (+) / equity reduction (-) from a decrease in the market interest rate level of 100 basis points -1.4 +0.6 – – -0.7 -0.7 +0.3 -0.3 46.4. Default risks STADA is exposed to a default risk in its operating business or as a result of financing activities if contracting parties fail to meet their obligations. Alongside the implementation of appropriate credit management processes, such transactions are generally only concluded with counterparties of impeccable financial standing to avoid default risks in financing activities. Default risks also exist as a result of the supply of goods and services. STADA therefore strives to maintain business relations only with partners of impeccable financial standing. In addition, STADA partly uses suitable measures such as guarantees, loan insurances or the transfer of assets to safeguard itself against default risk. Overdue receivables in the operating area are continuously monitored and potential default risks are anticipated through the creation of valuation adjustments. In addition, there is the risk that in a difficult economic and financial environment, national health care systems delay or fail to make payments to STADA or business partners of STADA and that, as a result, directly or indirectly increased default risks arise. STADA’s maximum credit default risk is calculated from the carrying amounts of the financial assets accounted. In addition, STADA granted guarantees, which amounted to a total nominal volume of € 25.3 million (previous year: € 25.3 million) as of the reporting date (see Note 44.). STADA has various forms of collateral for credit securities such as mortgages, bank or corporate guarantees, assignments of receivables and pledged inventories. Furthermore, there is commercial credit insurance for certain markets and customers. 46.5. Liquidity risks Liquidity risks may result, for example, from the loss of existing cash items, lack of availability of credit, reduced access to financing markets or fluctuation in the operational development of business. The goal of the liquidity management is to ensure solvency and financial flexibility of the STADA Group at all times by way of maintaining a sufficient supply of liquidity reserves and having free credit lines. STADA finances itself with short-term and long-term borrowings from banks, promissory note loans, bonds and factoring. Furthermore, STADA has solid operating cash flow and further bilateral credit contracts with various banks (credit lines), which can be utilized as needed. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 188 46.6. Derivative financial instruments and hedging instruments STADA counters risks from fluctuations in cash flow with derivative financial instruments, which are exclusively used to hedge interest and currency risks resulting from operating activities, financial transactions and investments. Derivative financial instruments are neither held nor issued for speculation purposes. In financial year 2016, there are cash flow hedges exclusively in the form of payer interest rate swaps in the first six months. Here, variable interest payments were transformed into fixed interest payments and the cash flow risk of variable interest liabilities is thus hedged. In the context of these hedging relationships, interest rate related cash flow changes of the hedged items are netted with cash flow changes of interest rate swaps. In financial year 2016, no new payer interest-rate swaps were designated as cash flow hedges in order to secure interest payments from promissory note loans. The payer interest rate swap, accounted in the previous year, has expired in the current reporting year. The total volume of currency and interest rate related derivatives is comprised as follows: in € 000s Nominal value Fair Value Nominal value Fair Value Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Derivatives without hedging relationship Interest rate/currency swaps Currency swaps Derivatives with hedging relationship Interest rate swaps thereof • • fixed rate payer fixed rate recipient Total 48,621 188,634 6,548 -8,503 69,337 151,540 21,015 3,109 – – – – – – 66,500 -1,273 66,500 – -1,273 – 22,851 237,255 -1,955 287,377 All of the above hedging relationships presented above were effective until expiration. All changes in the fair value of the derivative hedging instruments were therefore recognized directly in equity under “Provisions for cash flow hedges” with no effect on profit or loss. In financial year 2016, the resulting earnings amounted to € 0.9 million after consideration of deferred taxes (previous year: € 1.1 million). 46.7. Disclosures on capital management The objectives of the STADA capital management are the safeguarding of the business operation, the creation of a solid equity base for financing profitable growth as well as guaranteeing attractive dividend payments and the capital service. The STADA capital management consistently aims for the Group companies to have an equity basis that corresponds to the local require- ments. When implementing and checking the Group’s capital and liquidity the legal requirements are taken into account. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements189 Capital is monitored on the basis of net debt, which results from current and non-current financial liabilities minus cash and cash equivalents as well as available-for-sale securities. An important key figure for capital management at STADA is the net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio, which amounted to 2.8 in financial year 2016 (previous year: 3.1). In this connection, the net debt and net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio were as follows: in € 000s Non-current financial liabilities Current financial liabilities Gross debt cash, cash equivalents and “available-for-sale” securities Net debt EBITDA (adjusted) Net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio 47. Related party transactions Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 1,336,414 1,084,213 134,343 274,672 1,470,757 1,358,885 352,580 143,178 1,118,177 1,215,707 405,750 389,385 2.8 3.1 In the scope of the ordinary course of business, STADA Arzneimittel AG and/or its consolidated companies have entered into related party transactions. In accordance with IAS 24, “related parties” refers to directly or indirectly controlled subsidiaries that are not consolidated due to lack of material significance, associates and joint ventures as well as persons in key positions and their close relatives. In principle, all trades are settled with related companies and natural persons at market-rate conditions. 47.1. Transactions with related persons Persons in key positions are the members of governing bodies of STADA Arzneimittel AG, the remuneration of whom, including further information on the principles of the remuneration system, is presented in detail in the Group Management Report (see “Remuneration Report”), as well as the summary in Note 47. in relation to quantitative disclosures. In the course of their normal professional activities, individual members of the Supervisory and Advisory Boards who are self-employed have business relations with STADA. These are not significant in regards to volume and nature. In view of the fact that Steffen Retzlaff, the son of former Chairman of the Executive Board Hartmut Retzlaff, focuses on his responsibilities as Senior Vice President of the region Asia/Pacific & MENA, his other mandates – with the exception of his position as member of the Board of Directors of STADA MENA DWC-LLC and STADA Pharmaceuticals (Asia) Ltd. – ended in June 2016. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements190 47.2. Transactions with related companies in € 000s Dec. 31, 2016 Dec. 31, 2015 Trade accounts receivable Non-consolidated subsidiaries / joint ventures Associates Joint ventures Other investors Trade payables Non-consolidated subsidiaries / joint ventures Associates Joint ventures Other investors Expenses and income essentially related to related party transactions as follows: in € 000s Sales Non-consolidated subsidiaries/joint ventures Associates Joint ventures Other investors Interest income Non-consolidated subsidiaries/joint ventures Associates Joint ventures Other investors Interest expense Non-consolidated subsidiaries/joint ventures Associates Joint ventures Other investors 6,297 – – 626 3,753 17 – 14 372 202 – 745 113 1 – – 2016 2015 6,585 – – – 62 – 1,521 1,575 281 – – – – 3 – – 3 8 – – – 1 – – In addition, the following disclosures on related party transactions are made: STADA continues to provide the associate BIOCEUTICALS Arzneimittel AG with a credit line facility with an interest rate that is partly usual for risk capital and which was not utilized as of December 31, 2016, as in the previous year. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements191 There is a service contract with BIOCEUTICALS Arzneimittel AG, as well as distribution rights for Epo-zeta in Germany granted by BIOCEUTICALS Arzneimittel AG to, among others, cell pharm Gesellschaft für pharmazeutische und diagnostische Präparate mbH. In some other European countries (such as Serbia or Russia, for example), a local STADA-owned subsidiary can also receive or has already received a local sales license at the same time. Furthermore, STADA also has business relations with its fellow partner of the Chinese subsidiary STADA Import/Export Inter- national Ltd. As of the reporting date, outstanding loan liabilities in the amount of € 0.6 million resulted from this business relationship. 48. Remuneration of the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board The aggregate remuneration of the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board including further information on the principles of the remuneration system are presented in detail in the Group Management Report (see “Remuneration Report”). In summary, the following disclosures regarding the remuneration of the Executive Board and Supervisory Board at STADA Arzneimittel AG are made according to IAS 24 in consideration of the disclosure requirements of Section 314 (1) no. 6a sentence 1–4 of the German Commercial Code: Fixed and variable current remuneration Termination benefits Expenses for pension commitments earned in the current year Total remuneration in accordance with IFRS in € 000s 2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015 2016 2015 Members of the Executive Board Members of the Supervisory Board 7,7341) 4,9372) 7,1383) 1,072 1,073 – – – – – – – 14,872 4,937 1,072 1,073 The variable current remuneration of Executive Board members, reported within other liabilities, includes a share-based pay- ment as a long-term oriented remuneration component, which is paid in cash. The fair value of the share-based payment was calculated using the Monte Carlo model. As of December 31, 2016, the expense for the share-based payment amounted to € 1.0 million (previous year: € 0). Remuneration to former members of the Executive Board amounted to a total of € 297,000 in financial year 2016. The present values of pension commitments for former Executive Board members amounted to € 52,113,000 as of December 31, 2016. There were no loans granted to members of the Executive Board and Supervisory Board at STADA Arzneimittel AG as of the reporting date. Nor has STADA taken on any contingent liabilities for the benefit of the members of governing bodies of STADA Arzneimittel AG. 1) This includes the final calculation of the multi-year variable long-term special remunera- tion “long-term targets 2016” (year of target achievement), however only for the period of the actual implementation of the contracts, on which the remuneration is based, up to December 31, 2015 in the total amount of € 2,052,000. 2) No progress payments on the variable long-term special remuneration were made for financial year 2015. 3) € 1,253,000 thereof is attributable to the continued salary payment and € 5,885,000 to a severance payment in connection with the end of the Executive Board appointment of Mr. Retzlaff as of August 15, 2016. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 192 49. Fees for the auditor In financial year 2016, the following professional fees were recognized as expenses for services rendered by the auditor of the consolidated financial statements, PKF Deutschland GmbH: in € 000s Fees for the auditor • thereof for audits • thereof for other confirmation services • thereof for other services • thereof for tax consultancy services 2016 2015 617 370 100 147 – 506 348 142 16 – The fees for audits relate to payment for the audit of the consolidated financial statements as well as the statements of STADA Arzneimittel AG and its German subsidiaries at the end of the financial year. Other confirmation services include the review of the interim consolidated financial statements of June 30 of the corresponding financial year. Other services include diverse consulting services. 50. Corporate governance The declaration on the German Corporate Governance Code prescribed by Article 161 of the German Stock Corporation Act (AktG) was last issued by the Executive Board and Supervisory Board on March 2, 2017. The declaration is publicly available via the Company’s website (www.stada.de in German or www.stada.com in English) and is also presented in the Annual Report. 51. Events after the reporting date Events after the reporting date with a significant or possibly significant impact on the net assets, financial position and results of operations of the STADA Group: • On January 23, 2017, the Supervisory Board announced the appointment of Dr. Barthold Piening as a full Member of the STADA Executive Board with effect from April 1, 2017. He will assume Executive Board responsibility for Production, Research and Development, Biotechnology as well as Quality Assurance and Control. STADA Consolidated Financial Statements193 52. Dividend According to the German Stock Corporation Act, the distributable dividend is determined according to the distributable profit reported by STADA Arzneimittel AG in its annual financial statements prepared in accordance with the rules and regulations of the German Commercial Code. This amounted to € 67,032,635.51 as of December 31, 2016. The Executive Board of STADA Arzneimittel AG proposes that a dividend of € 0.72 per STADA share be appropriated from this distributable profit for financial year 2016. In financial year 2016, a dividend in the amount of € 0.70 per STADA share was distributed to shareholders from the distributable profit of financial year 2015. Bad Vilbel, March 27, 2017 Dr. M. Wiedenfels Chairman H. Kraft Chief Financial, of the Executive Board Marketing & Sales Officer STADA Consolidated Financial Statements | Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements Locastad® – Fast relief for sore throats. Grippostad® C – Strong against colds and flu. FURTHER INFORMATION 2016 195 RESPONSIBILITY STATEMENT AUDITOR’S REPORT 196 197 GLOSSARY A–Z FINANCIAL CALENDAR REPORT OF THE SUPERVISORY BOARD 198 PUBLISHING INFORMATION BOARDS OF THE COMPANY THE STADA SUPERVISORY BOARD THE STADA EXECUTIVE BOARD THE STADA ADVISORY BOARD 206 206 207 208 OVERVIEW OF SALES FIVE-YEAR CONSOLIDATED SUMMARY 209 211 212 214 215 Further Information | Table of Contents196 RESPONSIBILITY STATEMENT To the best of our knowledge and in accordance with the applicable reporting principles for consolidated financial statements reporting, the Consolidated Financial Statements give a true and fair view of the net assets, financial position and results of operations of the Group, and the Group Management Report includes a fair review of the course of business and business performance and the net assets, financial position and results of operations of the Group, together with a description of the principal opportunities and risks associated with the Group’s expected development. Bad Vilbel, March 27, 2017 Dr. M. Wiedenfels H. Kraft Chairman of the Executive Board Chief Financial, Marketing & Sales Officer Responsibility Statement 197 AUDITOR’S REPORT We have audited the consolidated financial statements prepared by STADA Arzneimittel Aktiengesellschaft, Bad Vilbel, comprising the balance sheet, the income statement, statement of comprehensive income, statement of changes in equity, the cash flow statement and the notes to the consolidated financial statements, together with the group management report for the business year from January 1 to December 31, 2016. The preparation of the consolidated financial statements and the group management report in accordance with IFRSs, as adopted by the EU, and the additional requirements of German commercial law pursuant to § 315a Abs. (paragraph) 1 HGB (“Handelsgesetzbuch”: German Commercial Code) are the respon- sibility of the legal representatives of the company. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and on the group management report based on our audit. We conducted our audit of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with § 317 HGB and German generally accepted standards for the audit of financial statements promulgated by the Institut der Wirtschaftsprüfer (Institute of Public Auditors in Germany) (IDW). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit such that misstatements materially affecting the presentation of net assets, financial position and results of operations in the consolidated financial statements in accordance with the applicable financial reporting framework and in the group management report are detected with reasonable assurance. Knowledge of the business activities and the economic and legal environment of the Group and expectations as to possible misstatements are taken into account in the determination of audit procedures. The effectiveness of the accounting related internal control system and the evidence supporting the disclosures in the consolidated financial statements and the group management report are examined primarily on a test basis within the framework of the audit. The audit includes assessing the annual financial statements of those entities included in consolidation, the determination of the entities to be included in consolidation, the accounting and consolidation principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements and the group management report. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. Our audit has not led to any reservations. In our opinion based on the findings of our audit the consolidated financial statements comply with the IFRSs as adopted by the EU, the additional requirements of German commercial law pursuant to § 315a Abs. 1 HGB and give a true and fair view of the net assets, financial position and results of operations of the Group in accordance with these requirements. The group management report is consistent with the consolidated financial statements, complies with the legal requirements and as a whole provides a suitable view of the Group’s position and suitably presents the opportunities and risks of future development. Frankfurt, March 27, 2017 PKF Deutschland GmbH Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft Arno Kramer Annika Fröde German Public Accountant German Public Accountant Auditor’s Report 198 REPORT OF THE SUPERVISORY BOARD Dear Shareholders, The Supervisory Board looks back on an unusual, eventful financial year 2016. A year that brought far-reaching changes to the Board itself and to the entire company, particularly in the second half. The starting point for the changes was a process by one individual investor, which in May of last year accelerated the already ongoing discussions about a personnel restructuring of the Supervisory Board through an application to dismiss all Super- visory Board members at the Annual General Meeting, originally planned for June. On the basis of intensive discussions with further investors, the Supervisory Board agreed to accept the request and bring forward the reappointment of the Board by the Annual General Meeting in a structured and transparent process. In order to allow sufficient time for this process, the Executive Board decided to postpone the Annual General Meeting until August 26, 2016. The Supervisory Board welcomed this decision. Four Supervisory Board members resigned from their positions at the end of the Annual General Meeting, paving the way for a personnel realignment of the Board. The Annual General Meeting elected Mr. Rolf Hoffmann, Dr. Birgit Kudlek, Ms. Tina Müller and Dr. Gunnar Riemann to the Supervisory Board. The Annual General Meeting also received a request to dismiss the former Chairman of the Supervisory Board, Dr. Martin Abend, and elected Dr. Eric Cornut as a new member of the Board. The Super- visory Board would like to take this opportunity to thank Dr. Martin Abend, Dr. Eckhard Brüggemann, Dr. K. F. Arnold Hertzsch, Dieter Koch and Constantin Meyer for their many years of successful work. Following the Annual General Meeting, the newly appointed Supervisory Board elected Mr. Carl Ferdinand Oetker as its Chairman and Mr. Jens Steegers as its Deputy Chairman. The new Board began work immediately and, in addition to the integration of the new Supervisory Board members, set new focuses. The Supervisory Board is consistently pursuing an open and dialog-oriented communication with investors about the strategy that was introduced in summer 2016. The Board also restructured its cooperation with the Executive Board. The Supervisory Board supports the Executive Board in an ad visory capacity with its extensive professional and operating expertise, but also takes its supervisory duties very seriously with a clear understanding of corporate governance. This partnership approach was expressed, among other things, by the founding of the Strategy Committee, which supports and monitors the Executive Board in the development of the corpo- rate strategy. The competencies of the Supervisory Board members were optimally applied in the appointment of the other committees. In June 2016, the long-standing Chairman of the Executive Board of STADA Arzneimittel AG, Hartmut Retzlaff, stepped down from his position for health reasons and in August he agreed with the Supervisory Board that he would leave the company at the end of the year. The Supervisory Board reacted quickly and consistently to this situation and initially appointed Dr. Matthias Wiedenfels as the new Chairman of the Executive Board. The Supervisory Board also immediately began the process of searching for a replacement Executive Board member for marketing and sales (Chief Sales & Marketing Officer, CSMO) as well as an Executive Board member for production and technology (Chief Technology Officer, CTO). As part of this process, the Supervisory Board placed great importance on creating the best team and a personal fit with the existing Executive Board team that enhances its competencies. Highly renowned specialist Dr. Barthold Piening was appointed to the position of CTO – he will start his work at STADA on April 1, 2017. The search for a CSMO is continuing. Report of the Supervisory Board199 A further important task of the new Supervisory Board was the revision of the remuneration system for the Executive Board, which was rejected by the Annual General Meeting in August. The Human Resources Committee has dealt intensively with this issue under the leadership of Supervisory Board member Mr. Hoffmann. In addition to the focus on market standards and competitiveness, in future an increased orientation towards the capital market will be ensured through the use of specific key figures (including return on capital employed, ROCE) as well as the expansion of the peer group comparison through the addition of diverse companies from the pharmaceutical industry. In order to increase its performance-depend- ent nature, the remuneration structure has been changed to include greater variable portions with a focus on longer-term components (LTI). The clauses on the withholding or recovery of variable remuneration components (so-called “hold back”/ “claw back”) have also been developed. The new remuneration system is to be presented to the Annual General Meeting for approval and will be described in more detail at that time. The Supervisory Board of STADA Arzneimittel AG carefully executed the duties imposed on it in accordance with the law and the Articles of Incorporation. The Supervisory Board continuously monitored the management of the Company and regularly advised the Executive Board, particularly on the course of business and business policy, corporate planning including financial, investment and personnel planning, accounting, and the position and strategy of the Company and the Group. In all decisions of fundamental importance for the Company, the Executive Board involved the Supervisory Board in accord- ance with the requirements of the German Stock Corporation Act. The Executive Board briefed the Supervisory Board – also between the regular meetings – regarding all questions related to strategy, planning, business development, the risk situation, risk management, the internal control system and compliance. The Supervisory Board dealt with the issues submitted to it and reviewed these procedures in detail and discussed them with the Executive Board, whereby the focus was regularly placed on the benefits, risks and effects of the respective procedure. Meetings of the Supervisory Board and focus of activities In financial year 2016, the Supervisory Board convened for a total of sixteen meetings. All members of the Supervisory Board attended at least half of the meetings of the Board and of the committees to which they belong. The average partici- pation rate for meetings of the Supervisory Board and its committees was approximately 96% in financial year 2016. Indi- vidual attendance is detailed in the corporate governance report under “individualized disclosure of meeting participation” in this Annual Report. With the exception of specific Supervisory Board issues, the members of the Executive Board regularly participated in the meetings of the Supervisory Board. In the past financial year, the Supervisory Board dealt with the following topics in particular: In an intensive exchange with the Executive Board, it examined the business development of the Company and the Group, the fundamental corporate strategy, particularly in terms of the positioning of the two core segments Generics and Branded Products, corporate planning of the Company and the Group as well as the position of the Group, especially the net assets and financial position. The Supervisory Board talked regularly to the Executive Board about the Group’s financial and liquid- ity situation, considering especially the investment plans in the Group, the financing structures and refinancing strategies as well as the development of the debt-to-equity ratio. A common subject of meetings in the past financial year also included the economic and political developments in the region CIS/Eastern Europe, particularly considering the CIS crisis as a result of the devaluation of the Russian ruble, the Ukrainian hryvnia and the Kazakhstani tenge. The referendum in the United Kingdom on leaving the European Union and the resulting new opportunities and risks were also discussed in detail. Report of the Supervisory Board200 The Supervisory Board had the Executive Board report to it regularly on the market structures, development of demand, the competitive situation and the price, conditions and discount development, in particular the development of the Group’s market share and that of its relevant competitors. An important role in this regard was played by the effects of regulatory state interventions on the Group and/or on the individual subsidiaries and the necessary reactions to these, especially in the German home market with regard to discount agreements with health insurance organizations. In addition, the Supervisory Board regularly gained an overview of the product development and product portfolio of the Group. It discussed with the Executive Board the possibilities related to cost, tax and process optimization. The Supervisory Board also dealt intensively with risk and opportunities management in the Group, the internal control and auditing system, the compliance management system, considered, planned and executed acquisitions, disposals and co operations of the Group as well as with the integration of acquired companies and products into the Group. The Annual General Meeting 2016 was the subject of intensive discussion of the Supervisory Board and Executive Board in the past financial year. Prior to the Annual General Meeting 2016, the former Chairman of the Supervisory Board, Dr. Martin Abend, had held discussions on significant Supervisory Board issues with investors as part of a governance roadshow (in- cluding the early realignment of the Supervisory Board, Executive Board remuneration and the auditor). The presentation used for these discussions was published on the Company’s website prior to the Annual General Meeting. The new Chairman of the Supervisory Board, Carl Ferdinand Oetker, also continued the dialog with investors about Supervisory Board issues. In the reporting year, the Supervisory Board also dealt with the completion of the legal process for the appointment of a special auditor. Following the Annual General Meeting 2015, Professor Strenger, together with other shareholders, request- ed that as part of a special audit the Frankfurt am Main district court examine the benefits granted to the former Chairman of the Executive Board Hartmut Retzlaff by the Supervisory Board for financial year 2014 as well as the transfer of his pen- sion entitlements to an external pension fund. The process, which had been inactive, was completed and declared resolved as a result of a mutually agreed settlement submitted to the court on January 31, 2017.1) The mutual agreement was based on an examination at the end of December 2016 by Professor Dr. Hans-Joachim Böcking (Professor of Business Administration, with a focus on auditing and corporate governance, at the Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main), appointed by the appli- cants, as well as a document- based legal discussion with representatives of STADA in the presence of Professor Strenger and Professor Dr. Böcking. On the basis of the documents and information provided, Professor Dr. Böcking reached the con- clusion that there was no evidence that the Supervisory Board had not fulfilled its duty of diligence as regards the issue in question, although the remuneration received by the former Chairman of the Executive Board Hartmut Retzlaff in 2014 was above the average for the MDAX®. Professor Dr. Böcking believed that the transfer of pension obligations to an external pension fund and the associated significant reduction in pension obligations in 2014 was an appropriate compromise for both sides. The fringe benefits received by Hartmut Retzlaff in 2014 were also the subject of investigation. In the 2014 Annual Report, of a reported figure of € 142,000, around € 106,000 was attributable to consulting services on the personal tax con- sequences of the pension change, which were reimbursed to Hartmut Retzlaff as part of the transfer of pension obligations. Professor Dr. Böcking considered this to be standard practice. The investigation also included the mutual termination of position and termination of contract of Hartmut Retzlaff in August 2016, which had been excluded from the original special auditing mandate. As part of this investigation, Professor Dr. Böcking also did not find any indication that the Supervisory Board had not met its duty of diligence. The Supervisory Board was always informed of the status of the discussions held and welcomed the settlement that was reached. 1) See notification of the conclusion of proceedings in the Federal Gazette of February 3, 2017. Report of the Supervisory Board201 At its financial statements review meeting on March 22, 2016, the Supervisory Board dealt especially intensively with the business situation and earnings development in the previous financial year 2015 as well as with the Annual and Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2015. Following a detailed review of the documentation for the financial state- ments and after discussions with the auditor, the Supervisory Board, based on the recommendation of the Audit Committee, adopted the Consolidated and Annual Financial Statements for financial year 2015. The auditor participated in the con- sultations and reported prior to the resolution on the significant results of the audit. The Supervisory Board discussed and approved the agenda for the Annual General Meeting 2016, originally planned for June 9, 2016, and adopted the Report of the Supervisory Board to the Annual General Meeting for financial year 2015. In its meeting of May 10, 2016, the Supervisory Board discussed, among other things, the current status of the process for the request for special audit at the Frankfurt am Main district court as well as requests received from shareholders for additions to the agenda for the Annual General Meeting 2016 in accordance with Article 122 (2) AktG. At its meeting on May 18, 2016, the Supervisory Board, based on reporting from the Audit Committee as well as from the Executive Board, dealt with the results from the first quarter of financial year 2016 and with the current business develop- ment. In addition to the Executive Board report on current developments in the individual areas of responsibility of the Executive Board, the Supervisory Board also discussed selected business areas of STADA Arzneimittel AG. In its extraordinary meeting on May 22, 2016, the Supervisory Board agreed to bring forward the structured process to significantly renew the Supervisory Board and to establish a Nomination Committee (on the basis of the current Nomination Panel). The Executive Board declared its intention to postpone the Annual General Meeting originally scheduled for June 9, 2016 to August 26, 2016 in order to ensure an orderly and transparent process for the selection of candidates and for the preparation of the election of the new Supervisory Board members. The Supervisory Board acknowledged and approved this approach. In its extraordinary meeting of June 5, 2016, the Supervisory Board agreed a change at the Company’s helm due to the serious and likely long-term illness of Chairman of the Executive Board Hartmut Retzlaff. In its meeting of July 14, 2016, the Supervisory Board dealt with the strategy and performance update as well as the medium-term growth targets for 2019, which had previously been agreed and presented by the Executive Board. It also discussed preparations for the Annual General Meeting on August 26, 2016 as well as the report of the Human Resources Committee, among other things. Finally, the Supervisory Board also discussed the submission of the declarations of compli- ance pursuant to the German Corporate Governance Code. At its meeting on August 2, 2016, the Supervisory Board, based on reports from the Audit Committee as well as from the Executive Board, dealt with the results from the first half of financial year 2016 and with the current business development. The Supervisory Board also acknowledged the changed reporting structure to the core segments Branded Products and Generics in place of the previous division by market regions, as presented by the Executive Board. The Supervisory Board once again discussed Executive Board personnel issues without the presence of the Executive Board. In its meeting of August 15, 2016, the Supervisory Board particularly dealt with the termination of the employment of the former Chairman of the Executive Board Hartmut Retzlaff including the severance agreement. On the day prior to the Annual General Meeting, on August 25, 2016, members of the Supervisory Board convened for a meeting to discuss issues related to the upcoming Annual General Meeting 2016. In the meeting immediately following the Annual General Meeting 2016 on August 26, 2016, the Supervisory Board elected Carl Ferdinand Oetker as its new Supervisory Board chairman and Jens Steegers as the new deputy chairman. Report of the Supervisory Board202 In its meeting of September 26, 2016, the newly appointed Supervisory Board discussed general topics related to Super- visory Board work and organization as well as its rights and obligations. During this meeting, the Supervisory Board also agreed the establishment of a Strategy Committee and the appointment of all four Supervisory Board committees. On October 6, 2016 and October 7, 2016, the newly appointed Supervisory Board met with the Executive Board and ex- tended management level for an intensive and detailed discussion as part of an in-depth onboarding process. These dis- cussions particularly included the presentation and introduction of the operating business, key financial figures and the Group strategy of the Generics and Branded Products segments by the members of the Executive Board as well as the presentation of the risk management, internal auditing, corporate compliance, business excellence and transformation corporate departments by the heads of department. In its meeting of November 2, 2016, the Supervisory Board dealt in detail with the financial results for the first nine months of financial year 2016, as presented by the Executive Board, the APAC and MENA and Russia/CIS regions as well as the Generics business in Germany. The Executive Board also informed the Supervisory Board of current M&A projects. On November 30, 2016, the Supervisory Board received a detailed report on national and international compliance devel- opments, measurements and benchmarks as well as the cultural change from the Executive Board. At its last meeting of the reporting year on December 13, 2016, in addition to topics related to individual business areas and current M&A projects, the Supervisory Board particularly discussed the Group budget for financial year 2017, as presented by the Executive Board. Composition of the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board The following changes occurred at Executive Board level in financial year 2016: On August 15, 2016, the long-standing Chairman of the Executive Board Hartmut Retzlaff stepped down from his office as member of the Executive Board with immediate effect. The employment relationship between him and STADA Arzneimittel AG was ended with effect from December 31, 2016 by mutual agreement due to personal circumstances.1) The Supervisory Board had already decided on a change at the company’s helm at an extraordinary meeting held on June 5, 2016, due to the serious and likely long-term illness of Hartmut Retzlaff.2) As of the reporting date, the Executive Board comprised Dr. Matthias Wiedenfels as Chairman and Helmut Kraft as Chief Financial, Marketing & Sales Officer. The Supervisory Board also appointed Dr. Barthold Piening as a full member of the Executive Board, effective from April 1, 2017. The following changes occurred in the Supervisory Board in financial year 2016: Effective from the end of the Annual General Meeting on August 26, 2016, the long-standing Supervisory Board members Dr. Eckhard Brüggemann, Dr. K. F. Arnold Hertzsch, Dieter Koch and Constantin Meyer stepped down from their positions as shareholder representatives. At the recommendation of the Supervisory Board, the Annual General Meeting 2016 elected Rolf Hoffmann, Dr. Birgit Kudlek, Tina Müller and Dr. Gunnar Riemann to the Supervisory Board. At the request of the shareholders, the Annual General Meet- ing also agreed to dismiss the former Chairman of the Supervisory Board, Dr. Martin Abend, as well as the election of Dr. Eric Cornut. The Supervisory Board elected Carl Ferdinand Oetker as its new Chairman and Jens Steegers as the new Vice-Chairman. 1) See the Company’s ad hoc release of August 15, 2016. 2) See the Company’s ad hoc release of June 5, 2016. Report of the Supervisory Board203 Work of the committees The consultative committees established by the Supervisory Board, the Audit Committee, Human Resources Committee, Strategy Committee and Nomination Committee supported the Supervisory Board in its duties. The Audit Committee convened for eight meetings in financial year 2016 (on March 18, May 18, June 23, July 14, August 1, November 2, November 11 and December 12), in which all members of the Executive Board generally participated. The auditor took part in the financial statements review meeting on March 22, 2016 as well as in the meetings on August 1, 2016 and November 11, 2016. It was agreed that in future the auditor is generally to participate in all meetings of the Audit Committee. The Chairman of the Audit Committee and the Chairman of the Supervisory Board also maintained an exchange with the auditor between the meetings. Both Dr. Gunnar Riemann (Chairman of the Audit Committee) and Audit Committee member Carl Ferdinand Oetker have the necessary expertise in accounting and auditing as required by the German Stock Corporation Act. The focus of the committee’s work was, in particular, the review of the Annual and Consolidated Financial Statements from financial year 2015 together with the Management Report and the Group Management Report, the proposal for the appro- priation of profits and the report of the auditor as well as the preparation of the Supervisory Board resolutions on these items. In addition, the condensed Interim Consolidated Financial Statements and Group Interim Management Report as of June 30, 2016 under consideration of the report of the auditor on the review of the financial statements were discussed in detail. The interim reports on the first quarter of 2016 and the first nine months of 2016 were also subjects that were dealt with by the committee. In addition, the Audit Committee dealt primarily with the operating results, key figures, accounting, Group financing principles, internal risk management, internal audit as well as compliance in the Group. The Audit Committee received detailed reports from both the Executive Board and the Chief Compliance Officer on devel opments and optimizations of the compliance managements system on the basis of external benchmarks (including the analysis and recommendations of an external auditor). In the reporting year, the Audit Committee agreed to implement the process for the selection of the auditor as part of the changed EU auditing regulation and to publicly tender the audit of the Annual and Consolidated Financial Statements for STADA for financial year 2017 in a diligent and transparent selection process in accordance with Article 16 of the EU regula- tion. The Audit Committee was always involved as the responsible Board in all significant process and decision stages of the tender process. On the basis of its preferred election recommendation, the Supervisory Board will make the Annual General Meeting 2017 a recommendation for financial year 2017. The Human Resources Committee convened for eight meetings in financial year 2016 (on February 19, June 14, June 21, October 10, November 1, November 2, November 15 and December 16). Alongside numerous discussions outside of meetings, these meetings also dealt with questions of Executive Board remuneration and Executive Board employment contracts, general Executive Board issues and strategic personnel issues as well as consultation on the termination of the employment of the former Chairman of the Executive Board Hartmut Retzlaff including questions concerning his replace- ment in the Executive Board. Finally, the Human Resources Committee prepared the appointment of Dr. Barthold Piening as Member of the Executive Board. The Strategy Committee held one meeting in financial year 2016 on December 14, 2016, in which all five committee mem- bers took part. At this meeting, the Strategy Committee discussed the Branded Products core segment, portfolio manage- ment and the inter nationalization strategy. After an in-depth introduction from the Executive Board, the entire Supervisory Board in its new composition also dealt with the corporate strategy. Report of the Supervisory Board204 The Nomination Committee convened at four meetings in financial year 2016 (on May 25, May 26, May 30 and June 2, 2016) and held discussions outside of the meetings in order to manage the early process for the renewal of the Super visor Board, advise on suitable election recommendations for the Annual General Meeting 2016 in accordance with the selection criteria developed by the Supervisory Board and to prepare proposed resolutions of the Supervisory Board to the Annual General Meeting. The Chairmen of the committees informed the Supervisory Board Plenum at its ordinary meetings regularly and thoroughly on their work. Corporate governance In financial year 2016, the Supervisory Board and Executive Board also dealt in detail with the further development of corporate governance in the Company while taking the current version of the German Corporate Governance Code into account. The joint Declaration of Compliance 2016 issued on the basis of the German Corporate Governance Code of May 5, 2015 by the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board on July 14, 2016 in accordance with Article 161 of the German Stock Corporation Act as well as the new Declaration of Compliance of March 2017 issued on March 2, 2017 in accordance with Article 161 of the German Stock Corporation Act is included in this Annual Report in the “Corporate Governance Report including Declaration of Compliance for STADA Arzneimittel AG and the Group” chapter and is publicly available on the Company’s website in the Investor Relations/Corporate Governance section at www.stada.de and www.stada.com together with past Declarations of Compliance. No conflicts of interest arose in the reporting year which had to be disclosed to the Supervisory Board and about which the Annual General Meeting must be informed. Annual and Consolidated Financial Statements, audit The Annual Financial Statements of STADA Arzneimittel AG and the Consolidated Financial Statements as of December 31, 2016 as well as the Company’s Management Report for financial year 2016 were audited by PKF Deutschland GmbH, Wirtschaftsprüfungsgesellschaft, Hamburg, and issued with an unqualified audit opinion. The legal requirements and rotation obligations from Sections 319 and 319a of the German Commercial Code (Handelsgesetzbuch – HGB) are complied with. In addition to these legal requirements, the responsible auditor should in future not be active for a period longer than five years. Annika Fröde was appointed as the responsible auditor for the audit of the Annual and Consolidated Financial Statements 2016 for the first time (previous auditor Santosh Varughese). The Supervisory Board had no doubts with regard to the independence of the auditor. The auditor submitted the Statement of Independence as required by the German Corporate Governance Code. The main areas of the audit were established by the Supervisory Board within the scope of the commissioning of the auditor. The Audit Committee reviewed the Financial Statements and Consolidated Financial Statements as well as the Management Report and the Group Management Report as well as the proposal for the appropriation of profits and also included the reports of the auditor on the audit of the Financial Statements in its review. The auditor reported on significant results of the audit in a meeting of the Audit Commit- tee and was available for questions to the members of the Committee. The members of the Audit Committee dealt extensively with the submissions from the Executive Board and the audit reports and discussed these with the auditor. The Audit Committee raised no objections and recommended to the Supervisory Board to approve the Financial Statements and the Management Report as well as the Group Management Report and assent to the Executive Board’s proposal for the appro- priation of profits. On the basis of the preparation by the Audit Committee, the Supervisory Board examined the Financial Statements and the Consolidated Financial Statements prepared by the Executive Board, the Management Report and the Group Management Report of the Executive Board on the financial year 2016 as well as the Executive Board’s proposal for the appropriation of profits. The Chairman of the Audit Committee reported to the Supervisory Board on the work and the audit results of the Audit Committee. The auditor reported to the Supervisory Board on significant results of the audit and was available for questions from members of the Supervisory Board. The Supervisory Board discussed the submissions mentioned above and Report of the Supervisory Board205 the conclusions of the auditor in detail with the auditor and the Executive Board. Also following the final results of the Supervisory Board’s own examination, the Supervisory Board had no objections to the Annual Financial Statements, the Management Report, the Consolidated Financial Statements and the Group Management Report on the financial year 2016 and concurred with the outcome of the audit. The auditor also determined that the Executive Board had implemented an appropriate information and monitoring system which, in its concept and use, is suitable for the early recognition of any developments that could threaten the continuation of the Company. The Supervisory Board approved the Annual Financial Statements and the Consolidated Financial Statements prepared by the Executive Board. The Annual Financial Statements are thus adopted. The Supervisory Board concurred with the individual assessments of the business situation and the outlook as given in the Management Report of the Executive Board and with the proposal of the Executive Board for the appropriation of profits that provides for a dividend of € 0.72 per STADA share. Conclusion Although the Supervisory Board was newly appointed at the end of August 2016, we can draw an extremely positive con- clusion for the past financial year. The Supervisory Board has largely achieved its targets for 2016: the pre-selection and integration of the new members following their election by the Annual General Meeting, the reorganization of the Board and intensive integration, the appointment of a new Chief Technology Officer, the intensive dialog with shareholders, the tendering of the audit of the Consolidated Financial Statements and finally a new, modern remuneration system for the Executive Board. The Supervisory Board has also supported all corporate governance issues, which affect it as a Board (introduction of a general age limit and limit for membership of the Board; introduction of a structured and comprehensive efficiency review with external support). There is of course still a lot to do, the completion of the Executive Board with a Chief Sales & Marketing Officer is just one example. The Supervisory Board is aware of its responsibility and will continue to carry out its work with determination, a professional approach and a high level of personal commitment. We look forward to future cooperation with all employees of the Group, the Executive Board and management and thank you all for your tremendous commitment in financial year 2016. Bad Vilbel, March 27, 2017 Carl Ferdinand Oetker Chairman of the Supervisory Board Report of the Supervisory Board206 BOARDS OF THE COMPANY THE STADA SUPERVISORY BOARD (as of March 1, 2017) Carl Ferdinand Oetker, Düsseldorf, Germany (Chairman) Jens Steegers1), Bad Vilbel, Germany (Deputy Chairman) Dr. Eric Cornut, Binningen, Switzerland Halil Duru1), Frankfurt am Main, Germany Rolf Hoffmann, Weggis, Switzerland Dr. Birgit Kudlek, Bad Soden, Germany Tina Müller, Frankfurt am Main, Germany Dr. Ute Pantke1), Wettenberg, Germany Dr. Gunnar Riemann, Berlin, Germany The Supervisory Board members can be contacted via STADA Arzneimittel AG’s business address. 1) Employee representative. Boards of the Company Boards of the Company | The STADA Supervisory Board | The STADA Executive Board 207 THE STADA EXECUTIVE BOARD (as of March 1, 2017) Dr. Matthias Wiedenfels Chairman of the Executive Board Executive Board member since 2013 Contract until December 31, 2020 Helmut Kraft Chief Financial, Marketing & Sales Officer Executive Board member since 2010 Contract until December 31, 2019 The Executive Board members can be contacted via STADA Arzneimittel AG’s business address. 208 THE STADA ADVISORY BOARD (as of March 1, 2017) Members of the STADA Advisory Board are appointed by the Chairman of the Supervisory Board on the recommendation of the Executive Board and the Supervisory Board. According to the Company’s Articles of Incorporation, the duty of the Advisory Board is to support and advise the Executive and Supervisory Boards. Furthermore, members of the Advisory Board are available to act as proxy for shareholders who do not wish to exercise their voting rights in person at the Annual General Meeting. The Advisory Board, appointed for five years from 2014 through 2018, currently includes the following members: Dr. Thomas Meyer, Seelze, Germany (Chairman) Dr. Frank-R. Leu, Gießen, Germany (Deputy Chairman) Rika Aschenbrenner, Mainburg, Germany Wolfgang Berger, Giessen, Germany Gerd Berlin, Hassloch, Germany Alfred Böhm, Munich, Germany Jürgen Böhm, Kirchhain, Germany Axel Boos, Darmstadt, Germany Reimar Michael von Kolczynski, Stuttgart, Germany Dr. Wolfgang Schlags, Mayen, Germany Jürgen Schneider, Offenbach, Germany The Advisory Board members can be contacted via STADA Arzneimittel AG’s business address. Boards of the Company 209 GLOSSARY A–Z Active pharmaceutical ingredient: In the pharmaceutical market: the pharmaceutically effective component of a drug (also API). Adalimumab: Adalimumab is the first entirely human monoclonal antibody (against the tumor necrosis factor Adalimumab is used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, psoriatic arthritis, ankylosing spondylitis and Crohn’s disease. , TNF ). Approval: Permission under drug laws to market a drug in a national market. Audit: In the pharmaceutical market: control of equipment and documentation of manufacturers or their suppliers. Bevacizumab: Bevacizumab is a monoclonal antibody, which is used to treat various forms of cancer, such as metastasized colon or rectal cancer and metastasized breast cancer. Biosimilar: A biosimilar is a drug with an active pharmaceutical ingredient produced in a biotechnological process that has been developed in comparison with an original product already on the market. It is so similar to the original product that it has proven therapeutic equivalence and is comparable in terms of safety and quality. Therefore, a biosimilar is an equivalent successor product of an off-patent biopharmaceutical product. Commercial Business: Purchase and subsequent sale of third-party products; in the pharmaceutical market this frequently refers to wholesale business or parallel imports. Commercial property rights: Provide inventors or companies with protection against competition for an invention for a limited time period. The best-known commercial property right is the patent. Dossier: Includes all scientific and technical documentation required for an application for drug approval that describes the quality, safety, and efficacy of that drug. Epoetin or Erythropoietin: Epoetin or erythropoietin is a biopharmaceutical active ingredient in protein form that is produced by living cell lines. The erythropoietin biosimilar developed by BIOCEUTICALS is epoetin zeta. Erythropoietin is used, among other things, in nephrology for dialysis patients to stimulate hematopoieses as well as in cancer therapy. Filgrastim: Filgrastim is the form of the human granulocytes colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) produced by using bio- technology. Filgrastim is, among others, used for the treatment of neutropenia, a low count of a special type of white blood cells. Neutropenia can arise e.g. after a cytotoxic chemotherapy or a bone marrow transplantation. GMP: Good Manufacturing Practice – international production standard in the pharmaceutical industry. Indication: Diseases for which a certain drug is used. Monoclonal antibodies: Monoclonal antibodies are immunologically active proteins that are used against an individual epitope (surface structure) of an antigen (infectious substances or certain molecules) and specifically bind to that substance. Mono- clonal antibodies are generated with molecular biological methods and produced biotechnologically through genetically engineered cell lines. Patent: In the pharmaceutical market: commercial property right granting active pharmaceutical ingredients market exclusivity for a limited period (in the EU 20 years, for example). Pegfilgrastim: Pegfilgrastim is a biopharmaceutical active ingredient in the form of a protein that is produced from esche richia coli and subsequent conjugation with polyethylene glycol (PEG). Pegfilgrastim is used to shorten the duration of neutropenia and to avoid frequent neutropenic fever in adult patients who are being treated for a malignant disease with cytotoxic chemo- therapy. Glossary A – Z210 Prescription obligation: The legal requirement specifying that, depending on the potential risk involved, drugs may be dispensed to patients on prescription only. Rituximab: Rituximab is a monoclonal antibody used in the treatment of various forms of cancer, such as non-Hodgkin lymphomas, as well as various auto-immune diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis. Teriparatide: Teriparatide is a biotechnologically-produced fragment of the human parathormone for hypodermic injection. Teriparatide is used for the treatment of post-menopausal women with manifest osteoporosis and a high fracture risk, of men with osteoporosis and a high fracture risk, as well as for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis of adults with an elevated fracture risk. Glossary A – Z 211 FINANCIAL CALENDAR 2017 March 29, 2017 Publication of 2016 results with analysts’ and press conference May 11, 2017 Publication of the results of the first three months of 2017 June 8, 2017 Annual General Meeting 2017 August 3, 2017 Publication of the results of the first six months of 2017 November 9, 2017 Publication of the results of the first nine months of 2017 2018 March 8, 2018 Publication of the 2017 results May 3, 2018 Publication of results of the first three months of 2018 June 6, 2018 Annual General Meeting 2018 August 9, 2018 Publication of the results of the first six months of 2018 October 31, 2018 Publication of the results of the first nine months of 2018 Status at time of going to print; STADA reserves the right to change these dates. The current financial calendar can be found on the Internet at: www.stada.de and www.stada.com. The Annual Report and the interim reports will be published on the dates listed above on the Company website (www.stada.de and www.stada.com), usually before trading begins on the Frankfurt Stock Exchange. Shareholders may receive printed copies of the reports on request. Financial Calendar 212 PUBLISHING INFORMATION Publisher STADA Arzneimittel AG Stadastrasse 2–18 61118 Bad Vilbel, Germany Phone: +49 (0) 61 01/6 03-0 Fax: +49 (0) 61 01/6 03-2 59 E-mail: info@stada.de Website: www.stada.de and www.stada.com Contact STADA Arzneimittel AG Investor Relations Phone: +49 (0) 61 01/6 03-1 13 Fax: +49 (0) 61 01/6 03-2 15 E-mail: ir@stada.de Text STADA Arzneimittel AG, Bad Vilbel, Germany This Annual Report is published in German (original version) and English (non-binding translation) and is subject to German law. Publication The complete annual report as well as current Information on the STADA Group can be found on the Internet at www.stada.de and www.stada.com. Design and Realization wagneralliance Kommunikation GmbH, Offenbach am Main, Germany Translation MBETraining & Translations, Wiesbaden, Germany Photography Michael Dannenmann, Korschenbroich, Germany Fotolia, Amsterdam, Netherlands STADA Group Printing gds Steiner GmbH, Alzenau, Germany Publishing Information 213 Forward-looking statements This STADA Arzneimittel AG (hereinafter “STADA”) annual report contains certain statements regarding future events that are based on the current expectations, estimates and forecasts on the part of the company management of STADA as well as other currently available information. They imply various known and unknown risks and uncertainties, which may result in actual earnings, the net assets, financial position and results of operations, growth or performance being materially different from the estimates expressed or implied in the forward-looking statements. Statements with respect to the future are characterized by the use of words such as “expect”, “intend”, “plan”, “anticipate”, “believe”, “estimate” and similar terms. STADA may, where appropriate, also make forward-looking statements in other reports, in presentations, in material delivered to shareholders, in investor news and in press releases. Furthermore, our representatives may from time to time make forward-looking statements verbally. STADA is of the opinion that the expectations reflected in forward-looking statements are appropriate; however, it cannot guarantee that these expectations will actually materialize. Risk factors include in particular: The influence of regulation of the pharmaceutical industry; the difficulty in making predictions concerning approvals by the regulatory authorities and other supervisory agencies; the regulatory environment and changes in the health-care policy and in the health care system of various countries; acceptance of and demand for new drugs and new therapies; the results of clinical studies; the influence of competitive products and prices; the availability and costs of the active ingredients used in the production of pharmaceutical products; uncertainty concerning market acceptance when innovative products are introduced, presently being sold or under development; the effect of changes in the customer structure; dependence on strategic alliances; exchange rate and interest rate fluctuations, operating results, as well as other factors detailed in the annual reports and in other Company statements. STADA does not assume any obligation to update these forward-looking statements. Rounding In the general portion of this Annual Report, STADA key figures are, as a rule, rounded to millions of euro, while the Notes present these figures, as a rule, with greater accuracy in thousands of euro. Due to rounding of these figures, differences may arise in individual figures between the general portion and the Notes, as well as from figures actually achieved in euro; these differences cannot be considered material. Publishing Information214 OVERVIEW OF SALES Group sales in € million Total Group sales • Generics • Branded Products 2016 2015 2,139.2 1,280.7 858.5 2,115.1 1,261.4 853.6 Sales Generics in € 000s 2016 2015 Top 8 markets • Germany • Italy • Spain • Russia • Belgium • France • Vietnam • Serbia Other Total Generics 308.0 157.7 105.4 92.5 90.7 81.9 69.1 55.8 308.3 149.0 107.0 83.6 95.0 80.1 63.2 73.7 319.6 1,280.7 301.5 1,261.4 Sales Branded Products in € 000s 2016 2015 Top 5 markets • Germany • United Kingdom • Russia • Italy • Vietnam Other Total Branded Products 177.4 175.4 150.1 43.9 36.7 275.0 858.5 128.3 168.0 212.2 40.4 30.8 273.9 853.6 Overview of Sales215 FIVE-YEAR CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL SUMMARY Financial key figures in € million Total Group sales • Generics1) • Branded Products Operating profit EBITDA Adjusted EBITDA EBIT Earnings before taxes (EBT) Net income Adjusted net income Cash flow from operating activities Asset /capital structure in € million Balance sheet total Non-current assets Current assets Equity Equity-to-assets ratio in percent Non-current liabilities Current liabilities Net debt Capital expenditure/depreciation and amortization in € million Total capital expenditure • on intangible assets • on property, plant and equipment • on financial assets/associates Total depreciation and amortization • on intangible assets • on property, plant and equipment • on financial assets Employees Average number per year Number as of the balance sheet date Key figures per STADA share Market capitalization (year-end) in € million Year-end closing price in € 2016 2,139.2 1,280.7 858.5 178.1 361.5 398.0 178.9 127.4 85.9 177.3 333.5 2016 3,440.4 1,949.5 1,490.9 1,047.1 30.4% 1,493.7 899.6 1,118.2 2016 189.7 130.5 54.3 4.9 182.7 145.3 33.9 3.5 2016 10,839 10,923 2016 3,066.3 49.19 2015 2,115.1 1,261.4 853.6 223.7 377.1 389.4 225.3 157.8 110.4 165.8 311.7 2015 3,287.4 2,032.3 1,255.1 1,018.5 31.0% 1,282.6 986.3 1,215.7 2015 177.0 122.9 53.5 0.6 151.9 117.4 34.4 0.1 2015 10,441 10,532 2015 2,327.9 37.34 2014 2,062.2 1,261.7 800.5 188.5 418.8 431.9 190.3 124.7 64.6 186.2 223.8 2014 3,335.5 2,013.8 1,321.7 903.4 27.1% 1,246.7 1,185.4 1,327.5 2014 279.0 241.0 37.9 0.1 228.5 192.5 33.4 2.6 2014 10,209 10,363 2014 1,530.8 25.25 2013 2,003.9 1,268.9 704.4 248.3 382.6 414.3 252.4 189.3 121.4 160.6 203.7 2013 3,413.2 2,060.0 1,353.2 1,010.1 29.6% 1,358.4 1,044.7 1,306.8 2013 365.0 285.4 78.7 0.9 130.7 100.7 29.1 0.9 20132) 8,841 9,825 2012 1,837.5 1,231.3 596.2 202.1 323.7 367.4 205.9 135.6 86.5 147.9 212.7 2012 2,982.8 1,802.2 1,180.6 910.3 30.5% 1,102.9 969.6 1,177.3 2012 401.0 367.1 30.3 3.6 123.3 88.8 33.3 1.2 20122) 7,814 7,761 2013 2012 2,171.7 1,448.3 35.93 24.41 Average number of shares (without treasury shares) 62,256,532 61,637,621 60,408,501 59,571,959 59,059,393 Basic earnings per share in €3) Adjusted earnings per share in € Diluted earnings per share in €4) Adjusted diluted earnings per share in € Dividend per share in € Total dividend payments in € million Distribution ratio in percent 1.38 2.85 – – 0.725) 44.85) 52%5) 1.79 2.69 1.79 2.69 0.70 43.6 39% 1.07 3.08 1.05 3.04 0.66 40.0 62% 2.04 2.70 2.00 2.65 0.66 39.8 33% 1.46 2.50 1.44 2.47 0.50 29.6 34% 1) The figures in the reporting year and in the previous year include the non-core activity Commercial Business, which was previously reported separately. 2) Employees of companies consolidated at only 50% have been included in accordance with their respective consolidation rate. 3) In accordance with IAS 33.10. 4) In accordance with IAS 33.31. 5) Proposed. Five-year Consolidated Financial Summary www.stada.de www.stada.com 

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