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State Auto Financial

stfc · NASDAQ Financial Services
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Sector Financial Services
Industry Insurance - Property & Casualty
Employees 1001-5000
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FY2014 Annual Report · State Auto Financial
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2014

  State Auto Financial Corporation
  Annual Report

2014 Annual Report

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Financial Highlights

($ in millions, except per share amounts)

2014 

        2013 

        2012 

   2011             2010

 1,042.1 
        1,055.0 
              72.8                   75.4 

  1,428.8         1,257.2  
85.4              80.8 
37.0
               29.0                                   14.9            

           $1,074.1 
Earned premiums 
Net investment income                         74.7 
Net realized investment gain 
Other income 
Total revenue 

                  $1,172.7     

20.7   
3.2 

Net income (loss)                            $   107.4 

2.63  
$ 
Basic earnings (loss) per share 
2.60 
Diluted earnings (loss) per share  $ 
$ 
0.40 
Dividends paid per share 
$  21.32 
Book value per share 

23.2  
2.0 
1,153.0 

60.8 

1.50 
1.49 
0.40 
19.27 

3.6 
1,150.1 

    2.5                2.2  
 1,533.7         1,355.1 

10.7 

(160.7)             24.4 

0.26 
0.26 
0.55 
18.22 

(4.00)             0.61 
(4.00)             0.61 
0.60              0.60       

17.95            20.71 

Total assets 
Stockholders’ equity 
Return on equity 
Combined ratio 

$2,766.9              2,496.4 
$   872.9                  785.0 

  2,477.8 
737.2 

2,764.4         2,701.4 
723.8            831.2 

13.0% 

105.5 

       8.0% 
101.8 

       1.5%           (20.7)%            2.9%
116.5            104.6   

107.9 

Investment Portfolio
Investment Portfolio

Municipal 
Bonds 
32.7%

U.S. Government
Agencies and MBS
23.0%

Net Premium Written (in billions)
Net Premium Written (in billions)

Corporate and 
Other Invested 
Securities
17.9%

Equity 
Securities
13.2%

Notes 
Receivable
3.0%

U.S. 
Treasury 
Securities 
10.2%

Book Value (per share)
Book Value (per share)

Dividend Paid (per share)
Dividend Paid (per share)

39803.indd   2

3/20/15   10:23 AM

 
 
 
                   
 
 
   
  
     
 
        
 
 
  
“2014 was a transformative year for State Auto Financial Corporation. 
We have the people, earnings momentum, balance sheet strength, risk 
management plans, and technology initiatives to make solid progress in 
2015 and beyond.” 

Dear 
Shareholders,

2014 was a transformative year for State Auto Financial Cor-
poration. Our 2014 results demonstrated that we’ve addressed 
a myriad of issues that masked underlying improvements in our 
underwriting profi tability.
    For the year, STFC produced net income of $107.4 million or 
$2.60 per diluted share and a combined ratio of 105.5%. Setting 
aside the fi nancial impact from the expired homeowners quota 
share treaty and the reserve strengthening for the terminated Risk 
Evaluation & Design LLC (RED) program business, our 2014 com-
bined ratio was a strong 95.4%(1). Similar to 2013, we benefi ted 
from below average catastrophe losses, price increases in all lines 
and segments, superior claim performance, and strong agency 
relations.
    With the announcement of year-end results, we reversed 
the deferred tax assets valuation allowance, which has been in 
place since the second quarter of 2011. This improved our 
capital position and helped elevate our return on equity to 13%.

    There were many moving pieces embedded in our 2014 results.

     (cid:122) We replaced the expired homeowners quota share reinsur-
         ance arrangement with a new one-year property aggregate
         excess catastrophe reinsurance agreement, effective Jan. 1,
         2015, covering property business underwritten in our 
         personal and business insurance segments, including auto-
         mobile physical damage. Homeowners is becoming one of 
         our most profi table lines, and by retaining more of the risk
         associated with our homeowners business and returning to
         a more traditional reinsurance approach, we expect this
         business to contribute substantially to improved results in
         2015 and beyond. The new aggregate excess treaty is
         intended to provide protection against excessive catastro-
         phe losses, minimize earnings volatility and preserve capital.

     (cid:122) In 2014 we strengthened RED reserves by $96.7 million and
         entered into an adverse development cover (ADC) reinsur-
         ance arrangement with Munich Reinsurance America Inc.
         This reserve strengthening, supplemented by the ADC,  
         increased our confi dence that this business will not be a 
         drag on future earnings.

     (cid:122) In reversing the deferred tax assets valuation allowance, as
         mentioned above, we increased our return on equity, 
         improved our capital position and enhanced book value. 
         Going forward, we expect to grow book value the old 
         fashioned way – earnings resulting from underwriting 
         profi tability and stable investment income.

Robert P. Restrepo Jr.
President, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Offi cer

With these changes behind us, we can now focus on execut-
ing our strategy to produce underwriting profi ts on a consistent 
basis and to grow investment income from our conservatively 
managed portfolio. 

Looking forward, we remain a company focused on the 
property and casualty insurance business, committed to dis-
tributing our products through independent agents and brokers, 
and positioned to enhance the security and fi nancial interests of 
our policyholders and shareholders by growing book value and 
surplus through top quartile underwriting performance.

We defi ne top quartile underwriting performance as above 
average profi tability and growth for each segment and in each 
line of business. Presently, we’re not achieving our top quar-
tile vision in all segments and lines. But we have the people, 
earnings momentum, balance sheet strength, risk management 
plans, and technology initiatives to make solid progress in 2015 
and beyond. 

State Auto Financial Corporation 

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Page 1

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“We’ve completed the transformation of our claim 
operations by redesigning businesses processes, 
restructuring the organization, reducing reliance 
on third-party vendors, and implementing a new 
technology platform.”

Personal Insurance 

Specialty Insurance

 Our homeowners remediation efforts targeted improved loss 
ratios, higher prices, and fewer agency partners. All of this took its 
toll on production. We have plans underway to stabilize produc-
tion and resume normal marketing to our “prime of life” target 
market. Despite agency terminations, retention has held up well 
and is a testimony to our strong agency relationships. 

Our issue is new business. We have a number of marketing 
initiatives underway to reposition us with our agency partners and 
regain “shelf space” with the customer service representatives 
who quote new business for prospective customers. We’re also 
attempting to take advantage of some disruptions in the market-
place for book transfers from some of our competitors. Despite 
these efforts, we don’t anticipate resuming normal growth until 
2016. Once this happens, we expect to regain our position in per-
sonal lines as a top quartile market for our independent agency 
partners. 

In the meantime, we expect strong underwriting profi tability 

driven by adequate prices and industry leading performance 
in our claim organization. Our loss adjustment expense is com-
petitive with anyone. Our disciplined underwriting, responsive 
pricing and claim indemnity management are also signifi cant 
contributors to our excellent underwriting results in the personal 
insurance segment. 

Business Insurance

Specialty insurance has achieved top quartile status. Since 
adding Rockhill’s business to the intercompany pooling arrange-
ment, we’ve seen a steady premium growth rate and, excluding 
RED, excellent underwriting results. We expect to benefi t in the 
future as we build out our specialty claim capability, handle more 
claims in-house, and better manage relationships with third party 
claim administrators and vendors. 

Our specialty segment consists of E&S property, E&S casual-
ty, workers’ compensation and programs. E&S property’s results 
have been exceptional, benefi tting from strong underwriting 
performance and low catastrophe levels, particularly in Florida 
where a signifi cant  amount of this business is written. 

E&S casualty has produced strong and consistent under-
writing profi ts with a focus on umbrella and casualty excess, 
environmental liability, healthcare (both professional and general 
liability), and non-admitted general liability lines such as that 
written through Partners General, a managing general under-
writer acquired by our parent, State Auto Mutual, in 2014. 

Our workers’ compensation niche strategy focuses on our 

two-pronged “barbell” strategy. Approximately 50% of our 
premium is in the specialty “debit mod” market, which targets 
businesses with policies of at least $100,000 in annual premi-
ums, where we work to reduce a client’s workers’ compensation 
costs through our superior nurse consulting claim capability and 
rigorous return to work programs.

Commercial lines growth is above average, but profi tability is 

The other half of our premium in this specialty unit is small 

mixed. As with personal insurance, all lines benefi t from strong 
claim performance. Automobile and liability lines have excellent 
loss ratios. In the fi rst half of 2014 our Business Owners Policy 
(BOP) results were impacted by harsh weather and an increased 
frequency in large fi re losses. In the second half of 2014 large 
losses returned to a more normal level. However, we identifi ed a 
handful of classes and larger premium accounts that have dispro-
portionately hurt loss ratio performance. Specifi cally, some class-
es such as grocery and convenience stores have experienced 
a higher frequency and severity of property and liability losses. 
We’ve eliminated several classes from eligibility and reduced 
marketing the BOP to accounts exceeding $25,000 in premium.
Our biggest constraint to improving our business insurance 
combined ratio relates to our expense ratio. Service levels are 
excellent, but we have a high touch/high cost service model. In 
2015, we’ll begin making technology investments to improve 
productivity, organizational changes to more effi ciently process 
smaller accounts, and refi nements to our underwriting appetite to 
focus on accounts over $10,000 that currently have acceptable 
expense ratios. We anticipate that expense ratios will improve 
over the next several years as we implement these steps. 

workers’ compensation policies under $25,000 in premium, 
although most of what we write is under $10,000. We market to 
“four wall” classes such as manufacturing, healthcare, hospital-
ity, retail and wholesale. These types of risks generally do not 
have catastrophic claims and benefi t from our return to work 
claims programs. Our strategy continues to produce strong 
profi ts, and we see opportunities for continued growth and profi t 
as we expand to new states and broaden distribution. 

In 2014, the program business, excluding the impact of RED, 

came close to achieving targeted returns as we gained scale. 
This is a business that should be consistently profi table given 
our niche marketing orientation, strong underwriting and claim 
controls, and rigorous pricing discipline. With RED behind us, 
and a new management team in place, we expect programs to 
be an important part of our specialty profi t and growth plans for 
the future. 

Claim

We remain very pleased with our claim performance, which is 

critical to achieving superior loss ratios and maintaining high
levels of customer service. Our loss adjustment expense ratio

Page 2  

39803.indd   4

State Auto Financial Corporation

3/20/15   10:23 AM

is better than  industry averages and is among the best in the 
business.

We’ve completed the transformation of our claim operations 

by redesigning business processes, restructuring the organiza-
tion, reducing reliance on third-party vendors, and implementing 
a new technology platform. We’re now positioned to capitalize 
on these investments by using analytics to improve our fraud 
detection, enhance fi rst notice of loss handling, and identify op-
portunities to improve customer service and speed. 

I’m very proud of what we’ve been able to accomplish in 
claim and how we continue to innovate. One example is a new 
early intervention narcotics management program. This new 
program closely monitors the use of narcotic pain medicine. Our 
nurse case managers begin working immediately on any claims 
where narcotics are prescribed and consult with the treating 
physician and/or our internal medical directors with the goal of 
weaning the claimant from the highly addictive narcotics and 
assisting them in their recovery, return to work and resumption 
of a normal life. 

“Last year, we made solid progress and, on 
average, improved our customer service perfor-
mance by almost 10%. We’ll continue to look for 
ways to further improve our top quartile service 
capability for all of our customers.”

Operations

We maintain detailed metrics on customer service and ex-
perience across the enterprise. We survey agents, policyholders 
and claimants on a regular basis to assess our responsiveness 
and reliability in meeting their expectations. Last year, we made 
solid progress and, on average, improved our agent satisfaction 
results by almost 10%. We’ll continue to look for ways to further 
improve our top quartile service capability for all our customers.
At the end of 2014, we successfully completed a new sourc-

ing arrangement with a third party that assumed responsibility 
for maintaining all legacy system applications. This sourc-
ing arrangement has already increased our speed to market, 
enhanced resource capacity and fl exibility, and broadened and 
deepened our skill set. Most importantly, our IT associates are 
now focused on the high priority and strategic initiatives under-
way to replace all of our legacy policy administration and billing 
systems. The initiative will take several years to complete, but 
will begin this year with developing and deploying new agent 
portals to further improve customer service, enhance productiv-
ity and, over time, reduce our expense ratio.

People

With all the change and transformation State Auto has expe-
rienced over the past several years, what has not changed is our 
culture and the quality of our people.

We are not a low cost provider, a product innovator or world 
class in operational excellence.  We expect to be competitive in 
each of these three areas and we’re making the investments in 
people, technology and risk management capability to succeed.
What has always distinguished State Auto is customer inti-
macy. We have a genuine understanding of the people and com-
munities we serve and provide relevant information and expert 
guidance that leads to better decisions. 

We know that agents, brokers and policyholders want to 
be treated as individuals and respected for who they are. We 
know them, we know what they expect, and we deliver. All of 
this comes from a culture built around a consistent set of values 
that has been ingrained for many years. We recruit, develop and 
retain smart, sincere and supportive associates who:

(cid:122)  Do what’s necessary to grow surplus and preserve our 
          fi nancial strength, which is critical to preserving agency
          and broker partnerships and policyholder trust;

(cid:122)  Uphold and strengthen the company’s platinum plus  

          reputation in the market place; 

(cid:122)  Build and sustain strong relationships with agents and

          brokers, policyholders and all of our constituencies;
(cid:122)  Allow our company to provide reliable, stable and 

          predictable markets; and 

(cid:122)  Respond to needs and requests that are often 

          characterized by behaviors as simple as answering the
          telephone, which is increasingly rare in our industry. 

      As a result, our agents, brokers and policyholders get the 
service and support they need to be secure today and prepared 
for tomorrow.

The quality of our people has sustained us through a diffi cult 
period and now positions us for profi table growth and improved 
shareholder returns.

Robert P. Restrepo Jr.
President, Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Offi  cer

1Reconciliation of HO Quota Share Arrangement Cession and RED Underwriting Results to
 As Reported Results

Year ended December 31, 2014

                                    As Reported 

HO QS
Cession     

Cat Loss and ALAE ratio 
3.0% 
10.8% 
Non-cat loss and LAE ratio        68.8%  
38.1% 
Loss and LAE ratio                     71.8%  
48.9% 
39.8% 
Expense ratio                              33.7% 
Combined ratio                         105.5%             88.7% 

State Auto Financial Corporation 

39803.indd   5

Pro Forma
without 
HO QS
Cession and
 RED

Pro Forma
without
HO QS
                 _________________ 
Cession
  4.1% 
64.5%              
68.6% 
34.6% 
103.2%

  4.1% 
56.7% 
60.8% 
34.6%
95.4%

Page 3

3/20/15   10:23 AM

 
 
 
            
 
 
 
          
 
 
         
                        
 
 
 
      
Robert P. Restrepo Jr.
President, Chairman and CEO - 
State Auto Financial Corporation

Board of Directors

Robert E. Baker
Executive Vice President
DHR International

David J. D’Antoni 
Retired Senior Vice President - 
Ashland Inc.

Eileen A. Mallesch
CPA, Retired CFO

Thomas E. Markert
Executive Vice President
Research Now Group Inc.

David R. Meuse
Principal - 
Stonehenge Partners Corp

S. Elaine Roberts
President and CEO - 
Columbus Regional Airport Authority

Alexander B. Trevor
President and Director - 
Nuvocom Inc.

Paul S. WIlliams 
Partner- 
Major, Lindsey & Africa

Senior Offi cers
 Robert P. Restrepo Jr. 
President, Chairman and 
Chief Executive Offi cer

Steven E. English 
Senior Vice President
Chief Financial Offi cer

James A. Yano  
Senior Vice President
Secretary and General Counsel

Joel E. Brown 
Senior Vice President, Standard Lines

Jessica E. Buss 
Senior Vice President, Specialty Lines

Page 4

39803.indd   6

Clyde H. Fitch  
Senior Vice President, Chief Sales Offi cer

Stephen P. Hunckler
Senior Vice President, Chief Claims Offi cer

Cynthia A. Powell 
Senior Vice President, Chief Risk Offi cer

Lyle D. Rhodebeck 
Senior Vice President, Director of Operations

Lorraine M. Siegworth 
Senior Vice President,
Chief Strategy and Organization Effectiveness Offi cer

State Auto Financial Corporation

3/20/15   10:23 AM

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

Annual Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2014 or

Transition Report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission File Number 000-19289

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)

Ohio
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

518 East Broad Street, Columbus, Ohio
(Address of principal executive offices)

31-1324304
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

43215-3976
(Zip Code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code:
(614) 464-5000

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: None

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Shares, without par value

Indicate  by  check  mark  if  the  Registrant  is  a  well-known  seasoned  issuer,  as  defined  in  Rule  405  of  the  Securities 

Act.    Yes  

    No  

Indicate  by  check  mark  if  the  Registrant  is  not  required  to  file  reports  pursuant  to  Section 13  or  Section 15(d)  of  the 

Act.    Yes  

    No  

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to 
file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  

    No  

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every 
Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months 
(or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  

    No  

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and 
will not be contained, to the best of Registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference 
in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer, or a 
smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” 
in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Accelerated filer

Smaller reporting company

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  

    No  

803Fin.pdf

As of June 30, 2014, the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, the aggregate 
market  value  (based  on  the  closing  sales  price  on  that  date)  of  the  voting  stock  held  by  non-affiliates  of  the  Registrant  was 
$361,818,623.

On February 27, 2015, the Registrant had 41,050,931 Common Shares outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the Registrant’s Proxy Statement relating to the annual meeting of shareholders to be held May 8, 2015 (the “2015 
Proxy Statement”), which will be filed within 120 days of December 31, 2014, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this 
Form 10-K.

803Fin.pdf

Index to Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2014 

Form 10-K
Part I

Item
1

Description

Business

1A

1B

2

3

4

5

6

7

7A

8

9

9A

9B

10

11

12

13

14

15

Part II

Part III

Part IV

Executive Officers of the Registrant

Risk Factors

Unresolved Staff Comments

Properties

Legal Proceedings

Mine Safety Disclosures

Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Shareholder Matters and Issuer 
Purchases of Equity Securities

Selected Consolidated Financial Data

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures

Controls and Procedures

Other Information

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Executive Compensation

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder 
Matters

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

Signatures

Page

9

19

20

32

32

32

33

34

36

36

80

80

81

121

121

121

122

122

122

122

123

124

137

803Fin.pdf

3

IMPORTANT INFORMATION REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

All statements, other than statements of historical facts, included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K (this “Form 10-K”) 
of State Auto Financial Corporation (“State Auto Financial” or “STFC”) or incorporated herein by reference, including, without 
limitation, statements regarding State Auto Financial’s future financial position, business strategy, budgets, projected costs, goals 
and plans and objectives of management for future operations, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Private 
Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking 
terminology such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “project,” “believe” or “continue” or the negative 
thereof or variations thereon or similar terminology. Forward-looking statements speak only as the date the statements were made. 
Although State Auto Financial believes that the expectations reflected in forward-looking statements have a reasonable basis, it 
can  give  no  assurance  that  these  expectations  will  prove  to  be  correct.  Forward-looking  statements  are  subject  to  risks  and 
uncertainties that could cause actual events or results to differ materially from those expressed in or implied by the statements. 
For a discussion of the most significant risks and uncertainties that could cause State Auto Financial’s actual results to differ 
materially from  those projected,  see “Risk  Factors”  in  Item 1A  of  this  Form  10-K.    Except to  the  limited extent  required  by 
applicable law, State Auto Financial undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a 
result of new information, future events or otherwise.

803Fin.pdf

4

IMPORTANT DEFINED TERMS USED IN THIS FORM 10-K

Glossary of Terms for State Auto Financial Corporation and Its Subsidiaries and Affiliates

State Auto Financial or STFC

  Refers to our holding company, State Auto Financial Corporation.

We, us, our or the Company

State Auto Mutual

Refers  to  STFC  and  its  consolidated  subsidiaries,  namely  State  Auto 
Property &  Casualty  Insurance  Company  (“State  Auto  P&C”),  Milbank 
Insurance  Company  (“Milbank”),  State Auto Insurance  Company  of  Ohio 
(“SA  Ohio”),  Stateco  Financial  Services,  Inc.  (“Stateco”).  STFC’s  former 
subsidiary  Farmers  Casualty  Insurance  Company  (“Farmers”)  was  merged 
into State Auto P&C as of the close of business on December 31, 2012.

Refers  to  State  Automobile  Mutual  Insurance  Company,  which  owns 
approximately  62.5%  of  STFC’s  outstanding  common  shares.    State Auto 
Mutual also owns Risk Evaluation & Design, LLC (“RED”), which previously 
acted as a managing general underwriter exclusively for the benefit of our 
Pooled Companies.

STFC Pooled Companies

  Refers to State Auto P&C, Milbank, and SA Ohio.

Mutual Pooled Companies

Refers to State Auto Mutual, and certain subsidiaries and affiliates of State 
Auto Mutual, namely State Auto Florida Insurance Company (“SA Florida”), 
State Auto Insurance  Company  of  Wisconsin  (“SA Wisconsin”),  Meridian 
Citizens Mutual Insurance Company (“Meridian Citizens Mutual”), Meridian 
Security  Insurance  Company  (“Meridian  Security”),  Beacon  National 
Insurance  Company  (“Beacon  National”),  Patrons  Mutual  Insurance 
Company  of  Connecticut  (“Patrons  Mutual”),  Litchfield  Mutual  Fire 
Insurance  Company  (“Litchfield”),  Rockhill  Insurance  Company  (“RIC”), 
Plaza  Insurance  Company  (“Plaza”),  American  Compensation  Insurance 
Company  (“American  Compensation”)  and  Bloomington  Compensation 
Insurance Company (“Bloomington Compensation”).   At the close of business 
on December 31, 2012, SA Florida and Beacon National were merged into 
Meridian Security. At the close of business on March 31, 2013, Litchfield was 
merged into Patrons Mutual.  At the close of business on July 2, 2014, Meridian 
Citizens Mutual was merged into State Auto Mutual.

Pooled Companies or our Pooled Companies   Refers to the STFC Pooled Companies and the Mutual Pooled Companies.

Patrons Insurance Group or Patrons Group

  Refers to Patrons Mutual and Litchfield.

Rockhill Insurance Group

Rockhill Insurers

State Auto Group

Refers to Rockhill Holding Company, its insurance subsidiaries, namely RIC, 
Plaza, American Compensation and Bloomington Compensation, and its other 
non-insurance subsidiaries, including RTW, Inc. (“RTW”), a holding company 
that owns 100% of American Compensation and Bloomington Compensation.

Refers 
Compensation.

to  RIC,  Plaza,  American  Compensation  and  Bloomington 

Refers to the Pooled Companies and, through December 31, 2012, Beacon 
Lloyds Insurance Company, which was dissolved as of the close of business 
on December 31, 2012.

803Fin.pdf

5

 
 
 
 
 
 
Glossary of Selected Insurance and Accounting Terms

Accident year

Accounting standards codification or ASC

Admitted insurer

American Institute of Certified Public
Accountants or AICPA

Allocated loss adjustment expenses or ALAE

Book value per share

Catastrophe loss

Combined ratio

Debt to capital ratio

Deferred acquisition costs or DAC

Direct written premiums

The calendar year in which loss events occur, regardless of when the
losses are actually reported, booked or paid.

The Codification is the single source of authoritative nongovernmental
GAAP developed by the Financial Accounting Standards Board
(“FASB”).

  An insurer licensed to transact insurance business within a state and
subject to comprehensive policy rate, form and market conduct
regulation by that state’s insurance regulatory authority.

The AICPA represents the certified public accounting profession
nationally regarding rule-making and standard-setting, and serves as an
advocate before legislative bodies, public interest groups and other
professional organizations.  The AICPA also monitors and enforces
compliance with the profession's technical and ethical standards.

The costs that can be related to a specific claim, which may include
attorney fees, external claims adjusters and investigation costs, among
others.

Total common stockholders’ equity divided by the number of common
shares outstanding.

Loss and ALAE from catastrophes, where catastrophes are defined as a
severe loss caused by various natural events, including hurricanes,
hailstorms, tornadoes, windstorms, earthquakes, severe winter weather
and fires. Our catastrophe losses are those designated by the Insurance
Services Office (“ISO”) Property Claim Services (“PCS”). PCS defines a
catastrophe as an event that causes $25 million or more in industry
insured property losses and affects a significant number of property and
casualty policyholders and insurers.

The sum of the loss and LAE ratio and the expense ratio. A combined
ratio under 100% generally indicates an underwriting profit. A combined
ratio over 100% generally indicates an underwriting loss.

The ratio of notes payable to the sum of total stockholders’ equity and
notes payable.

Expenses that vary with, and are primarily related to, the production of
new and renewal insurance business, and are deferred and amortized to
achieve a matching of revenues and expenses when reported in financial
statements prepared in accordance with GAAP.

The amounts charged by an insurer to insureds in exchange for coverages
provided in accordance with the terms of an insurance contract. The
amounts exclude the impact of all reinsurance premiums, either assumed
or ceded.

Duration

  A measure of the sensitivity of a financial asset’s price to interest rate

movements.

Earned premiums or premiums earned

Excess and surplus lines insurance

Expense ratio or underwriting expense ratio

The portion of written premiums that applies to the expired portion of the
policy term. Earned premiums are recognized as revenue under both SAP
and GAAP.

Specialized property and liability coverages written by non-admitted
insurers. These coverages include exposures that do not fit within normal
underwriting patterns, involve a degree of risk that is not commensurate
with standard rates and/or policy forms, or are not written by admitted
insurers because of general market conditions.

For SAP, it is the ratio of (i) the sum of statutory underwriting and
miscellaneous expenses incurred offset by miscellaneous income
(collectively, “underwriting expenses”) to (ii) written premiums. For
GAAP, it is the ratio of acquisition and operating expenses incurred to
earned premiums.

6

803Fin.pdf

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Generally accepted accounting principles or
GAAP

  Accounting practices used in the United States of America determined by

the FASB and American Institute of Certified Public Accountants
(“AICPA”).

Incurred but not reported reserves or IBNR

Loss adjustment expenses or LAE

Loss and LAE ratio or loss ratio

Loss reserves

Managing general underwriter or MGU

National Association of Insurance
Commissioners or NAIC

Net premiums written to surplus ratio or
leverage ratio

Estimated losses and LAE that have been incurred but not yet reported to
the insurer. This includes amounts for unreported claims, development
on known cases, and re-opened claims.

The expenses of settling claims, including legal and other fees, and the
portion of general expenses allocated to claim settlement. LAE is
comprised of ALAE and ULAE.

For both SAP and GAAP, it is the ratio of incurred losses and LAE to
earned premiums.

Liabilities established by insurers and reinsurers to reflect the estimated
cost of claims incurred that the insurer or reinsurer will ultimately be
required to pay in respect of insurance or reinsurance it has written.
Reserves are established for losses and for LAE, and consist of case
reserves and IBNR reserves.

  An independent insurance professional firm that acts as an intermediary
between the insurer and retail agents, much like a wholesaler. MGUs
frequently have binding authority to issue insurance policies on behalf of
an insurer that fit into the underwriting guidelines provided by that
insurer. MGUs typically are compensated by an override commission on
the insurance coverages sold by their sub-agents.

  An organization of the insurance commissioners or directors of all 50

states, the District of Columbia and the five U.S. territories organized to
promote consistency of regulatory practices and statutory accounting
standards throughout the United States.

  A SAP calculation which measures statutory surplus available to absorb
losses. This ratio is calculated by dividing the net statutory premiums
written for a rolling twelve month period by the ending statutory surplus
for the period. For example, a ratio of 1.5 means that for every dollar of
surplus, the insurer wrote $1.50 in premiums.

Net written premiums

  Direct written premiums plus assumed reinsurance premiums less ceded

reinsurance premiums.

Non-admitted insurer or surplus lines carrier

Retail agent or retail agency

Return on average equity

Risk-based capital or RBC

Standard insurance

  An insurer that is not required to be licensed in a state but is allowed to
do business in that state subject to certain regulatory oversight by that
state’s insurance regulatory authority. Non-admitted insurers are not
subject to most of the rate and form regulations imposed on admitted
insurers because they write specialized property and liability coverages,
also known as excess and surplus lines insurance, which allows them the
flexibility to change coverages offered and rates charged without time
constraints and financial costs associated with the filing process. As
such, these insurers offer an opportunity for coverage for specialized
exposures that otherwise might not be insurable.

  An independent insurance professional who represents, and acts as an

intermediary for, admitted insurers, generally recommending, marketing
and selling insurance products and services to insurance consumers.

The percent derived by dividing net income by average total
stockholders’ equity.

  A measure adopted by the NAIC and state regulatory authorities for

determining the minimum statutory capital and surplus requirements of
insurers. Insurers having total adjusted capital less than that required by
the RBC calculation will be subject to varying degrees of regulatory
action depending on the level of capital inadequacy.

Insurance which is typically written by admitted insurers. Our personal
and business insurance segments are comprised of standard insurance.

803Fin.pdf

7

 
 
 
 
 
 
Statutory accounting practices or SAP

Statutory surplus

The practices and procedures prescribed or permitted by state insurance
regulatory authorities in the United States for recording transactions and
preparing financial statements.

  Under SAP, the amount remaining after all liabilities, including loss
reserves, are subtracted from all admitted assets. Admitted assets are
assets of an insurer prescribed or permitted by a state to be recognized on
the balance sheet prepared in accordance with SAP.

Unallocated loss adjustment expenses or
ULAE

The costs incurred in settling claims, such as in-house processing costs,
which cannot be associated with a specific claim.

Underwriting gain or loss

   Under SAP, earned premiums less loss and LAE and underwriting

expenses.

Unearned premiums

Wholesale broker

   The portion of written premiums that applies to the unexpired portion of
the policy term. Unearned premiums are not recognized as revenues
under both SAP and GAAP.

   An independent insurance professional who offers specialized insurance
products and serves as an intermediary between a retail agent and an
insurer, while typically having no contact with the insured. A wholesale
broker may represent both admitted and non-admitted insurers, and may
offer both standard and excess and surplus lines insurance.

803Fin.pdf

8

 
 
Item 1. Business

PART I

State Auto Financial is an Ohio domiciled property and casualty insurance holding company incorporated in 1990. We are 
engaged in writing personal, business and specialty insurance. State Auto Financial’s principal subsidiaries are State Auto P&C, 
Milbank and SA Ohio, each of which is a property and casualty insurance company, and Stateco, which provides investment 
management services to affiliated insurance companies.

State Auto  Mutual  is  an  Ohio  domiciled  mutual  property  and  casualty  insurance  company  organized  in  1921.  It  owns 
approximately 62.5% of State Auto Financial’s outstanding common shares. State Auto Mutual’s other subsidiaries and affiliates 
include SA Wisconsin, Meridian Security, Patrons Mutual and the Rockhill Insurers, each of which is a property and casualty 
insurance company.  State Auto Mutual and its insurance subsidiaries and affiliates, along with State Auto Financial’s insurance 
subsidiaries, pool their respective insurance business under the Pooling Arrangement, as further described below.  

The State Auto Group markets its insurance products throughout the United States primarily through independent agencies, 
which include retail agencies and wholesale brokers. All of the property and casualty insurance companies in the State Auto Group 
are admitted insurers, except for RIC, which is a non-admitted insurer. The operations of the State Auto Group are headquartered 
in Columbus, Ohio.

Our Pooled Companies are rated A (Excellent) by the A.M. Best Company (“A.M. Best”).

FINANCIAL INFORMATION ABOUT SEGMENTS

Our  reportable  insurance  segments  are  personal  insurance,  business  insurance  and  specialty  insurance  (collectively  the 
“insurance segments”). These insurance segments are aligned consistent with the reporting lines to our principal operating decision 
makers. Our Investment operations is also a reportable segment. See a detailed discussion regarding our segments at Item 7 of 
this Form 10-K “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Overview” and Note 
15 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

PERSONAL AND BUSINESS INSURANCE

Products offered in our personal and business insurance segments are marketed exclusively through retail agents, but the 
segments are managed separately from each other due to the differences in the types of customers they serve, products they provide 
or services they offer.

Products

Personal Insurance

In our personal insurance segment, we write standard insurance covering personal exposures to individuals. The primary 

coverages offered are personal auto and homeowners.

Business Insurance

In our business insurance segment, we write standard insurance covering small-to-medium sized commercial exposures. 
We offer a broad range of coverages which include commercial auto, commercial multi-peril, business owners, fire & allied and 
general liability.

Marketing

We market our personal and business insurance through approximately 2,600 retail agencies. We view our retail agents as 
our primary customers, because they are in a position to recommend either our insurance products or those of a competitor to their 
customers. We strongly support the independent agency system and believe its maintenance is essential to our present and future 
success. We continually develop programs and procedures to enhance our agency relationships, including the following: regular 
travel by senior management and regional office staff to meet with agents, in person, in their home states; training opportunities; 
and incentives related to profit and growth. In addition, we share the cost of approved advertising with selected agencies.

We actively help our agencies develop the professional sales skills of their staffs. Our training programs include both products 
and sales training conducted in our corporate  headquarters. Further, our  training programs  include disciplined follow-up  and 
coaching for an extended time. Other targeted training sessions are held in our regional headquarters from time to time, as well 
as in our agents’ offices.

803Fin.pdf

9

We provide our retail agents with defined travel and cash incentives if they achieve certain sales and underwriting profit 
levels.  Further,  we  recognize  our  very  top  agencies—measured  by  consistent  profitability,  achievement  of  written  premium 
thresholds and growth—as Inner Circle Agencies. Inner Circle Agencies are rewarded with additional incentives.

We have made continuing efforts to use technology to make it easier for our retail agents to do business with us. We offer 
internet-based (i) rating, (ii) policy application submission, (iii) execution of changes to policies for certain products and (iv) claims 
submission. In addition, we provide our agents with the opportunity to maintain policyholder records electronically, avoiding the 
expense of preparing and storing paper records. We believe that, since agents and their customers realize better service and efficiency 
through automation, they value their relationship with us. Automation can make it easier for an agent to do business with us, which 
attracts prospective agents and enhances existing agencies’ relationships with us.

SPECIALTY INSURANCE

In  contrast  to  standard  insurance  markets  which  are  characterized  by  regulated  products,  uniform  coverages  and  more 
predictable exposures, specialty risks, due to the nature of the particular risk or activities of the insured, often do not lend themselves 
to the strict, uniform underwriting criteria of standard insurers and require unique underwriting solutions.  As a result, competition 
in the specialty markets focuses on expertise, flexibility and customer service.

Because the specialty markets generally involve higher perceived insurance risks than those characteristic in the standard 
markets, through our specialty insurance segment we offer commercial coverages that require specialized product underwriting, 
claims handling and/or risk management services.  We offer our specialty products through a distribution channel of retail agents 
and wholesale brokers, including program administrators and other specialty sources.  Our specialty insurance products are written 
through our admitted and non-admitted insurers.  Our units within the specialty insurance segment are Excess & Surplus ("E&S") 
property, Excess & Surplus ("E&S") casualty, Programs and Workers’ Compensation.

Our E&S property unit markets and underwrites specialized property exposures, primarily in the Gulf, Southeast and West 
regions  of  the  United  States  with  a  focus  on  catastrophe  exposed  risks.   Individual  risk  catastrophe  modeling,  specialized 
underwriters,  underwriting  guidelines  and  specialized  rating  plans  are  leveraged.   In  addition,  catastrophe  portfolio  exposure 
management is utilized to produce the optimal portfolio of risk.  Coverages offered by this unit are property and general liability.

Our E&S casualty unit markets and underwrites commercial exposures that have unique insurance requirements.  This 
includes difficult to place classes of commercial business, which may require customized rates and forms, along with customized 
insurance  programs  for  specialty  niche  and  homogeneous  groups  of  exposures.    Coverages  offered  by  this  unit may  include 
commercial auto, healthcare, umbrella, property, and general liability.

Our Programs unit markets and distributes business through specialty program managers to whom we have outsourced 
underwriting  and  policy  administration.    Program  business  typically  consists  of  homogenous  risks  that  require  specialized 
underwriting and claims expertise.  Accordingly, our program managers have specialized underwriting expertise in the particular 
risks  covered  by  the  program.    Coverages  offered  through  our  Programs  unit  include  commercial  auto,  general  liability,  and 
property.

Our Workers’ Compensation unit serves the small-to-medium account and association business in select states with a focus 
on risks contained within four walls with limited off-premise exposure. A specialized rating structure is used to price risks based 
on size, class, complexity and loss experience. This unit has a dedicated internal claims team emphasizing managed care cost 
containment strategies including focusing on the injured employee’s early return to work and cost-effective quality care.

INVESTMENT OPERATIONS

The primary objectives of our investment strategy are to maintain adequate liquidity and capital to meet our responsibilities 
to policyholders; grow surplus long term to support the growth of our company; provide a consistent level of income; and manage 
investment risk. Our investment portfolio is managed separately from that of State Auto Mutual and its subsidiaries and affiliates, 
and  investment  results  are  not  shared  through  the  Pooling Arrangement,  as  described  below.  Stateco  performs  investment 
management services for both us and State Auto Mutual and all subsidiaries and affiliates. Investment policies and guidelines are 
set for each company through the Investment Committee of its respective Board of Directors.

For additional discussion regarding our investments, including the market risks related to our investment portfolio, see Item 7 
of  this  Form  10-K,  “Management’s  Discussion  and Analysis  of  Financial  Condition  and  Results  of  Operations—Investment 
Operations Segment.”

803Fin.pdf

10

CLAIMS

Our claims division supports our insurance segments through emphasis on timely investigation of claims, settlement of 
meritorious  claims  for  equitable  amounts,  maintenance  of  adequate  case  reserves  for  claims,  and  control  of  external  claims 
adjustment expenses. Achievement of these goals supports our marketing efforts by providing agents and policyholders with 
prompt and effective service.

We employ a specialized claims model that is skills-based and focused on yielding a quality customer experience regardless 
of the type and severity of the claim. We staff field adjusters in locations where we have size, scale and density of claims whenever 
possible  to  control  file  quality  and  enhance  customer  service. We  supplement  our  field  staff  with  independent  adjusters  and 
appraisers in areas in which there is not sufficient volume of claims to warrant staff adjusters.

Claim settlement authority levels are established for each adjuster, supervisor and manager based on their level of expertise. 
Our claims division is responsible for reviewing the claim, obtaining necessary documentation and establishing loss and expense 
reserves of certain claims. Generally, property or casualty claims estimated to reach $100,000 or above are sent to specialists for 
direct handling.

We minimize claim adjusting costs by settling as many claims as possible through our claims staff and, if possible, by settling 
disputes regarding automobile physical damage, bodily injury and property insurance claims through arbitration or mediation 
when appropriate. In addition, selected agents have authority to settle small first party claims, which improves claims service.

In addition to our internal claims adjusters, we utilize third party claims administrators (“TPAs”) to investigate, process and 
settle certain specialty insurance segment claims on our behalf.  We primarily utilize TPAs for our program business as individual 
programs typically have long-standing relationships with a TPA, although we also use TPAs for our non-program specialty insurance 
segment business, primarily to supplement our internal capacity.  As with our internal claims adjusters, claim settlement authority 
is established for the adjusters, supervisors and managers within each TPA.  Claims handling and reporting guidelines are established 
and provided to each TPA.  Members of our internal claims staff perform periodic reviews of individual claim files produced by 
each TPA for compliance with such established claims handling and reporting guidelines.

We have in-house counsel offices to defend and resolve claims which are in litigation. These offices are strategically placed 
where we have size, scale and density of legal cases to warrant their existence. We also have a list of highly skilled panel counsel 
we retain for defending our insureds when appropriate.

Our Claims Express Centers allow us to improve claims efficiency and economy by concentrating the handling of smaller, 
less complex claims in a centralized environment. We provide claim service 24 hours a day, seven days a week, either through 
associates in our Claims Express Centers, which are located in Des Moines, Iowa and Columbus, Ohio, or for a few overnight 
hours, through a third party service provider.

POOLING ARRANGEMENT

Our Pooled Companies pool their respective insurance business in accordance with a quota share reinsurance agreement 
which we refer to as the “Pooling Arrangement.” In general, under the Pooling Arrangement, State Auto Mutual assumes premiums, 
losses and expenses from each of the remaining Pooled Companies and in turn cedes to each a specified portion of premiums, 
losses and expenses based on each of the Pooled Companies’ respective pooling percentages.  The balance of the pooled premiums, 
losses and expenses are retained by State Auto Mutual.

See the detailed discussion of our Pooling Arrangement at Item 7 of this Form 10-K, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis 

of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Pooling Arrangement.”

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11

GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION

The following table sets forth the geographic distribution of our direct written premiums for the year ended December 31, 

2014:

State
Ohio
Texas
Kentucky
Florida
Indiana
Minnesota
Tennessee
Connecticut
Illinois
California
Pennsylvania
Maryland
Michigan
South Carolina
All others (1)
Total

% of Total

10.2%
9.2
6.1
5.3
4.3
4.2
4.0
3.8
3.5
3.4
3.4
3.3
3.2
3.0
33.1
100.0%

(1) No  other single state  accounted for  3.0%  or  more of  the total direct 

written premiums written in 2014.

MANAGEMENT AGREEMENT

Through  various  management  and  cost  sharing  agreements,  State  Auto  P&C  provides  employees  to  perform  all 
organizational, operational and management functions for the State Auto Group, while State Auto Mutual provides certain operating 
facilities, including our corporate headquarters.

Our primary management agreement, which we refer to as the 2005 Management Agreement, has a ten-year term and renews 
for an additional ten-year period unless terminated sooner in accordance with its terms.  Effective January 1, 2015, this agreement 
was renewed for an additional ten years.  If the 2005 Management Agreement was terminated for any reason, we would have to 
relocate our facilities to continue our operations.  See “Properties” included in Item 2 of this Form 10-K.

REINSURANCE

Members of the State Auto Group follow the customary industry practice of reinsuring a portion of their exposures and 
paying to the reinsurers a portion of the premiums received. Insurance is ceded principally to reduce net liability on individual 
risks or for individual loss occurrences, including catastrophic losses. Although reinsurance does not legally discharge the individual 
members of the State Auto Group from primary liability for the full amount of limits applicable under their policies, it does make 
the assuming reinsurer liable to the extent of the reinsurance ceded. See the detailed discussion of our reinsurance arrangements 
at Item 7 of this Form 10-K, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Liquidity 
and Capital Resources—Reinsurance Arrangements.”

See “Regulation” in this Item 1 for a discussion of the Terrorism Acts.

LOSS RESERVES

We maintain reserves for the eventual payment of losses and LAE for both reported claims and IBNR. Loss reserves are 
management’s best estimate at a given point in time of what we expect to pay to settle all losses incurred as of the end of the 
accounting period, based on facts, circumstances and historical trends then known. During the loss settlement period, additional 
facts regarding individual claims may become known, and consequently, it often becomes necessary to revise our estimate of the 
liability. The results of our operations and financial condition could be impacted, perhaps significantly, in the future if our estimate 
of ultimate payments required to settle claims varies from the loss reserves currently recorded.

Loss reserves for reported losses are initially established on either a case-by-case or formula basis depending on the type 
and circumstances of the loss. The case-by-case reserve amounts are determined based on our reserving practices, which take into 

12

803Fin.pdf

account the type of risk, the circumstances surrounding each claim and applicable policy provisions. The formula reserves are 
based on historical paid loss data for similar claims with provisions for changes caused by inflation. Loss reserves for IBNR claims 
are estimated based on many variables including historical and statistical information, changes in exposure units, inflation, legal 
developments, storm loss estimates and economic conditions. Case and formula basis loss reserves are reviewed on a regular basis. 
As new data becomes available, estimates are updated resulting in adjustments to loss reserves. Generally, reported losses initially 
reserved on a formula basis which have not settled after six months, are case reserved at that time. Although our management uses 
many resources to calculate loss reserves, there is no precise method for determining the ultimate liability. We do not discount 
loss reserves for financial statement purposes. For additional information regarding our loss reserves, see Item 7 of this Form 10-
K, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations—Loss and LAE.”

The following table sets forth our one-year development information on changes in the loss reserve for the years ended 

December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

($ millions)

Beginning of Year:

Loss and loss expenses payable
Less: Reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses payable

Net losses and loss expenses payable(1)
Provision for losses and loss expenses occurring:

Current year
Prior years(2) 
Total

Loss and loss expense payments for claims occurring during:

Current year
Prior years
Total

End of Year:

Net losses and loss expenses payable
Add: Reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses payable

Losses and loss expenses payable(3)

Year Ended December 31
2013

2012

2014

$

$

959.9
9.1
950.8

726.2
45.1
771.3

373.2
375.3
748.5

973.6
9.6
983.2

$

$

942.2
13.5
928.7

741.0
(21.2)
719.8

355.0
342.7
697.7

950.8
9.1
959.9

$

$

907.1
25.5
881.6

795.2
(16.9)
778.3

397.2
334.0
731.2

928.7
13.5
942.2

(1)

Includes net amounts assumed from affiliates of $438.0 million, $435.1 million, and $376.8 million at beginning of year 2014, 2013, and
2012, respectively.

(2) This line item shows changes in the current calendar year in the provision for losses and loss expenses attributable to claims occurring in prior
years. See discussion regarding the calendar year developments at Item 7 of this Form 10-K Management’s Discussion and Analysis section at
“Results of Operations—Loss and LAE Development.”

(3)

Includes net amounts assumed from affiliates of $494.3 million, $438.0 million, and $435.1 million at end of year 2014, 2013, and 2012,
respectively.

The following table sets forth our development of loss reserves from 2004 through 2014. “Net liability for losses and loss 
expenses payable” sets forth the estimated liability for unpaid losses and LAE recorded at the balance sheet date, net of reinsurance 
recoverable, for each year shown. This liability represents the estimated amount of losses and LAE for claims incurred during the 
current year or incurred during prior years that are unpaid at the balance sheet date, including IBNR.

The upper section of the table shows the cumulative amounts paid with respect to the previously reported loss reserve as of 
the end of each succeeding year. For example, through December 31, 2014, we have paid 77.2% of the losses and LAE that had 
been incurred but not paid, as estimated at December 31, 2004.

The lower portion of the table shows the current estimate of the previously reported loss reserve based on experience as of 
the end of each succeeding year. The estimate is increased or decreased as more information becomes known about the claims 
incurred.

The amounts on the “cumulative redundancy (deficiency)” line represent the aggregate change in the estimates over all prior 
years. For example, the year end 2004 loss reserve has developed $104.9 million or 16.0% redundant through December 31, 2014. 
This $104.9 million amount has been included in operating results over the ten years and did not have a significant effect on income 
in any one year.

803Fin.pdf

13

  
In evaluating the information in the table, it should be noted that each amount includes the effects of all changes in amounts 
for prior periods. For example, the amount of the redundancy or deficiency evaluated at December 31, 2006, on claims incurred 
in 2006 includes the cumulative redundancy or deficiency for years 2004, 2005 and 2006. Conditions and trends that have affected 
the development of the liability in the past may not necessarily occur in the future. Accordingly, it may not be appropriate to 
extrapolate  future  redundancies  or  deficiencies  based  on  this  table.    While  we  have  historically  experienced  cumulative 
redundancies, we experienced a cumulative deficiency of $45.1 million and $34.0 million for 2013 and 2012, respectively, primarily 
due to RED reserve strengthening within our specialty insurance segment.  During 2014 and 2013, we strengthened RED reserves 
by  $96.7  million,  including  the  net  cost  of  the ADC  reinsurance  agreement,  and  $21.3  million  for  2013.   The  RED  reserve 
strengthening was primarily related to the two largest terminated RED programs, the restaurant and commercial trucking programs.  
See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Loss and LAE Development” 
and Note 4, “Losses and Loss Expenses Payable” to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K 
for further information.

In 2005, the MIGI Insurers were added to the pool and our share of their net liabilities and assets were transferred to us from 
them.  In  2008,  Beacon  National,  the  Patrons  Insurance  Group,  State Auto  middle  market  business  and  voluntary  assumed 
reinsurance from parties affiliated with State Auto Mutual were added to the pool, and accordingly net assets equal to the increase 
in net liabilities were transferred to us from them. In 2010, SA National and voluntary assumed reinsurance from third parties 
unaffiliated with the Pooled Companies that was assumed on or after January 1, 2009 by State Auto Mutual were added to the 
pool, and accordingly net assets equal to the increase in net liabilities were transferred to us from them. As of January 1, 2011, 
the Rockhill Insurers were added to the pool, and accordingly net assets equal to the increase in net liabilities were transferred to 
us from them. As of December 31, 2011, the overall participation percentage of the STFC Pooled Companies was reduced from 
80%  to  65%,  and  accordingly  net  assets  equal  to  the  decrease  in  net  liabilities  were  transferred  by  us  to  the  Mutual  Pooled 
Companies. The amount of the assets transferred along with the reserve liabilities assumed/ceded in, 2005, 2008, 2010 and 2011 
has been netted against and has reduced/increased the cumulative amounts paid for years prior to, 2005, 2008, 2010 and 2011, 
respectively.

803Fin.pdf

14

($ millions)

Years Ended December 31

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

Net liability for losses
and loss expenses
payable

Paid (cumulative) as of:

One year later

Two years later

Three years later

Four years later

Five years later

Six years later

Seven years later

Eight years later

Nine years later

Ten years later

Net liability re-estimate
as of:

One year later

Two years later

Three years later

Four years later

Five years later

Six years later

Seven years later

Eight years later

Nine years later

Ten years later

Cumulative redundancy 
(deficiency)

Cumulative redundancy 
(deficiency)

Gross* liability—end of
year

$ 655.9

$ 711.3

$ 661.0

$ 647.1

$ 770.0

$ 819.4

$ 874.2

$ 881.6

$ 928.7

$ 950.8

$ 973.6

36.9 %

59.7 %

37.9%

57.3%

70.5%

39.5 %

—

35.5%

53.2%

63.5%

69.0%

72.0%

40.8%

58.2%

68.0%

74.2%

34.9%

53.2%

62.7%

68.5%

72.0%

74.0%

97.7 %

104.7 %

—

103.7 %

92.7%

89.5%

87.9%

87.1%

86.8%

86.3%

92.1%

89.1%

87.8%

86.9%

86.0%

98.1%

96.1%

98.2%

96.2%

94.0%

92.4%

92.0%

34.9%

51.1%

60.9%

66.0%

70.3%

72.7%

74.9%

76.0%

76.9%

89.9%

86.4%

85.6%

85.3%

84.7%

84.4%

84.2%

84.2%

84.0%

31.6%

48.4%

59.9%

66.1%

69.2%

72.3%

73.8%

75.6%

76.5%

77.2%

93.3%

87.6%

86.9%

86.2%

85.5%

85.2%

84.4%

84.2%

84.2%

84.0%

31.7%

49.4%

62.6%

69.1%

73.7%

76.1%

77.8%

95.8%

93.7%

91.9%

90.8%

90.2%

90.0%

89.5%

34.9%

50.5%

60.4%

67.8%

71.3%

74.3%

75.9%

77.2%

91.7%

90.5%

88.8%

87.4%

86.9%

86.7%

86.7%

86.3%

$ 104.9

$ 114.1

$

90.4

$

67.7

$ 105.7

$ 115.0

$

69.9

$

16.0

$ (34.0)

$ (45.1)

16.0%

16.0%

13.7%

10.5%

13.7%

14.0%

8.0%

1.8%

(3.7)%

(4.7)%

—

—

$1,006.4

$ 1,111.1

$ 1,032.7

$ 1,029.9

$1,198.6

$ 1,293.2

$ 1,391.4

$1,411.9

$1,435.8

$1,472.7

$ 1,462.5

Reinsurance recoverable $ 350.5

$ 399.8

$ 371.7

$ 382.8

$ 428.6

$ 473.8

$ 517.2

$ 530.3

$ 507.1

$ 521.9

$ 488.9

Net liability—end of
year

Gross liability re-
estimated— latest

Reinsurance recoverable 
re-estimated—latest

Net liability re-estimated
— latest

$ 655.9

$ 711.3

$ 661.0

$ 647.1

$ 770.0

$ 819.4

$ 874.2

$ 881.6

$ 928.7

$ 950.8

$ 973.6

87.8%

87.5%

89.2%

93.0%

89.3%

88.3%

95.3%

94.5%

99.5 %

100.4 %

94.8%

93.7%

94.4%

98.8%

94.8%

92.2%

101.0%

88.4%

92.0 %

92.5 %

84.0%

84.0%

86.3%

89.5%

86.3%

86.0%

92.0%

98.2%

103.7 %

104.7 %

—

—

—

*     Gross liability includes: Direct and assumed losses and loss expenses payable.

As the Pooling Arrangement provides for the right of offset, we have reported losses and loss expenses payable ceded to 
State Auto Mutual as assets only in situations when net amounts ceded to State Auto Mutual exceed that assumed. The following 
table provides a reconciliation of the reinsurance recoverable to the amount reported in our consolidated financial statements at 
each balance sheet date:

($ millions)

December 31

Reinsurance recoverable $
Amount netted against
assumed from State
Auto Mutual

$

2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

350.5 $

399.8 $

371.7 $

382.8 $

428.6 $

473.8 $

517.2 $

530.3 $

507.1 $

521.9 $

488.9

324.6 $

382.4 $

358.2 $

371.6 $

407.4 $

453.0 $

498.4 $

504.8 $

493.6 $

512.8 $

479.3

Net reinsurance
recoverable

803Fin.pdf

$

25.9 $

17.4 $

13.5 $

11.2 $

21.2 $

20.8 $

18.8 $

25.5 $

13.5 $

9.1 $

9.6

15

COMPETITION

The property and casualty insurance industry is highly competitive. We compete with numerous insurance companies, with 
varying size and financial resources. We compete in the personal and business insurance markets based on the following factors: 
price; product offerings and innovation; underwriting criteria; quality of service to insureds, relationships with our retail agents 
and wholesale brokers; prompt and fair claims handling and settlement; financial stability; and technology, making us a preferred 
business partner. In addition, because most of our retail agents and wholesale brokers represent more than one insurer, we face 
competition within each agency and broker.

REGULATION

Most states, including all the domiciliary states of the State Auto Group, have enacted legislation that regulates insurance 
holding company systems. Each insurance company in our holding company system is required to register with the insurance 
supervisory agency of its state of domicile and furnish information concerning the operations of companies within our holding 
company system that may materially affect the operations, management or financial condition of the insurers within the system. 
Pursuant to these laws, the respective insurance departments may examine any members of the State Auto Group, at any time, 
require disclosure of material transactions involving insurer members of our holding company system, and require prior notice 
and an opportunity to disapprove of certain “extraordinary” transactions, including, but not limited to, extraordinary dividends to 
shareholders. Pursuant to these laws, all transactions within our holding company system affecting any insurance subsidiary within 
the State Auto Group must be fair and equitable. In addition, approval of the applicable state insurance commissioner is required 
prior to the consummation of transactions affecting the control of an insurer. The insurance laws of all the domiciliary states of 
the State Auto Group provide that no person may acquire direct or indirect control of a domestic insurer without obtaining the 
prior written approval of the state insurance commissioner for such acquisition.

In addition to being regulated by the insurance department of its state of domicile, each of our insurance companies is subject 
to supervision and regulation in the states in which we transact business. Such supervision and regulation relate to numerous 
aspects of an insurance company’s business operations and financial condition. The primary purpose of such supervision and 
regulation is to ensure financial stability of insurance companies for the protection of policyholders. The laws of the various states 
establish insurance departments with broad regulatory powers relative to granting and revoking licenses to transact business, 
regulating trade practices, licensing agents, approving policy forms, setting reserve requirements, determining the form and content 
of required statutory financial statements, prescribing the types and amount of investments permitted and requiring minimum 
levels of statutory capital and surplus. Although premium rate regulation varies among states and lines of insurance, such regulations 
generally require approval of the regulatory authority prior to any changes in rates. In addition, all of the states in which the State 
Auto Group transacts business have enacted laws which restrict these companies’ underwriting discretion. Examples of these laws 
include restrictions on policy terminations, restrictions on agency terminations and laws requiring companies to accept any applicant 
for automobile insurance. These laws may adversely affect the ability of the insurers in the State Auto Group to earn a profit on 
their underwriting operations.

The Risk Management and Own Risk Solvency Assessment Model Act ("ORSA"), adopted by the NAIC in 2012, requires 
insurers to incorporate a comprehensive enterprise risk management framework within company operations.  Overall, ORSA is 
an internal assessment of the risks associated with an insurer’s business and the sufficiency of capital resources to support those 
risks. Each insurer’s ORSA process will be unique, reflecting its business, strategy and approach to enterprise risk management.  
We will file an ORSA Summary Report, supported by internal risk management materials, with state regulators later in 2015 and 
annually thereafter.

We are required to file detailed annual reports with the supervisory agencies in each of the states in which we do business, 

and our business and accounts are subject to examination by such agencies at any time.

There can be no assurance that such regulatory requirements will not become more stringent in the future and have an adverse 

effect on the operations of the State Auto Group.

Dividends. Our insurance subsidiaries generally are restricted by the insurance laws of our respective states of domicile as 
to the amount of dividends we may pay without the prior approval of our respective state regulatory authorities. Generally, the 
maximum dividend that may be paid by an insurance subsidiary during any year without prior regulatory approval is limited to 
the greater of a stated percentage of that subsidiary’s statutory surplus as of a certain date, or adjusted net income of the subsidiary 
for  the  preceding  year.  Under  current  law,  $77.8  million  is  available  in  2015  for  payment  as  a  dividend  from  our  insurance 
subsidiaries to STFC without prior approval from our respective domiciliary state insurance departments. STFC received dividends 
of $20.0 million and $10.0 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively, from its insurance subsidiaries.  Additional information regarding 
dividend restrictions can be found in this Item 7 and in Note 11 to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this 
Form 10-K. 

803Fin.pdf

16

Rates and Related Regulation. Except as discussed below, we are not aware of the adoption of any material adverse legislation 

or regulation in any state in which we conducted business during 2014 which would materially impact our business.

Many states in which we operate have passed or are considering legislation restricting or banning the use of credit scoring 
in the rating and risk selection process. Some states are also becoming active in questioning the use of catastrophe modeling in 
the pricing and underwriting areas.  Regulation risk is realized when states do not approve or limit the amount of rate a company 
can charge which may result in writing under-priced business.  See "Risk Factors - Regulations" in item 1A of this form 10-K.  

In an attempt to make capital and surplus requirements more accurately reflect the underwriting risk of different lines of 
insurance,  as  well  as  investment  risks  that  attend  insurers’  operations,  the  NAIC  annually  tests  insurers’  risk-based  capital 
requirements. As of December 31, 2014, each of the Pooled Companies had adequate levels of capital as defined by the NAIC 
with its respective risk-based capital requirements.

The property and casualty insurance industry is also affected by court decisions. In general, premium rates are actuarially 
determined to enable an insurance company to generate an underwriting profit. These rates contemplate a certain level of risk. 
The courts may modify, in a number of ways, the level of risk which insurers had expected to assume, including eliminating 
exclusions, expanding the terms of the contract, multiplying limits of coverage, creating rights for policyholders not intended to 
be included in the contract and interpreting applicable statutes expansively to create obligations on insurers not originally considered 
when the statute was passed. Courts have also undone legal reforms passed by legislatures, which reforms were intended to reduce 
a litigant’s rights of action or amounts recoverable and so reduce the costs borne by the insurance mechanism. These court decisions 
can adversely affect an insurer’s profitability. They also create pressure on rates charged for coverages adversely affected, and 
this can cause a legislative response resulting in rate suppression that can unfavorably impact an insurer.

On January 12, 2015, the Terrorism Risk Insurance Act of 2002 and its successors, the Terrorism Risk Insurance Extension 
Act of 2005 and the Terrorism Risk Insurance Program Reauthorization Act of 2007 (collectively, the “Terrorism Acts”), was 
extended until 2020.   Under the Terrorism Acts, commercial property and casualty insurers like State Auto Group, in exchange 
for making terrorism insurance available, may be entitled to be reimbursed by the Federal Government for a portion of their 
aggregate losses. As required by the Terrorism Acts, we offer policyholders in specific lines of commercial insurance the option 
to elect terrorism coverage. In order for a loss to be covered under the Terrorism Acts, the loss must meet the aggregate industry 
loss minimum and must be the result of an act of terrorism as certified by the Secretary of the Treasury.  For 2015, the aggregate 
industry loss minimum is $100.0 million and will increase by $20.0 million annually beginning in 2016 to $200.0 million in 2020.  
The Terrorism Acts require insurance carriers to retain 15% of any claims from a certified terrorist event in excess of the federally 
mandated deductible in 2015 subject to an annual industry-wide cap of $100.0 billion. This retention will increase, beginning on 
January 1, 2016, by 1% each calendar year until it reaches 20% in 2020. The federally mandated deductible represents 20% of 
direct earned premium for the covered lines of business of the prior year.  Policyholders may choose to reject terrorism coverage 
(terrorism coverage is mandatory for workers’ compensation). If the policyholder rejects coverage for certified acts of terrorism, 
we will cover only such acts of terrorism that are not certified acts under the Terrorism Acts and continue to apply policy exclusions 
that may limit any coverage from loss due to nuclear, biological or chemical agents. Our current commercial property reinsurance 
excludes certified acts of foreign terrorism and loss due to nuclear, biological or chemical agents.  Beginning in 2016, insurers 
participating in the Terrorism Acts will be required to provide information regarding insurance coverage for terrorism losses, 
including; (i) lines of business with exposure to such losses; (ii) premiums earned on such coverage; (iii) geographical location 
of exposures; (iv) pricing of such coverage; (v) the take-up rate for such coverage; and (vi) the amount of private reinsurance for 
acts of terrorism purchased.  See “Risk Factors-Terrorism” in Item 1A of this Form 10-K.

The Federal Insurance Office ("FIO") was established in 2010 by the enactment of the Dodd-Frank Act. The FIO is a separate 
office within the United States Department of Treasury. The primary objective of the FIO is to monitor all aspects of the insurance 
industry, including identifying issues or gaps in the regulation of insurers that could contribute to a systemic crisis in the insurance 
industry or the United States financial system. The FIO also coordinates and develops federal policy on prudential aspects of 
international insurance matters, including representing the United States in the International Association of Insurance Supervisors, 
assists  in  negotiating  certain  international  agreements,  monitors  access  to  affordable  insurance  by  traditionally  underserved 
communities and consumers, minorities, and low- and moderate-income persons, and assists in the administration of the terrorism 
risk insurance program; however, the FIO has no authority as a regulator or supervisor of insurance companies.

EMPLOYEES

As of February 27, 2015, we had approximately 2,274 employees. Our employees are not covered by any collective bargaining 

agreement. We consider the relationship with our employees to be good.

803Fin.pdf

17

AVAILABLE INFORMATION

Our website address is www.StateAuto.com. Through this website (found by clicking the “Investors” link, then the “All 
SEC Filings” link), we make available, free of charge, our Annual Report on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Current 
Reports  on  Form  8-K,  proxy  and  information  statements  and  all  amendments  to  those  reports  filed  or  furnished  pursuant  to 
Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Exchange Act”), as soon as reasonably practicable after we 
electronically file such material with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). Also available on our website is 
information pertaining to our corporate governance, including the charters of each of our standing committees of our Board of 
Directors, our corporate governance guidelines, our employees’ code of business conduct and our directors’ ethical principles.

Any of the materials we file with the SEC may also be read and copied at the SEC’s Public Reference Room at 100 F Street, 
NE, Washington, DC 20549. Information on the operation of the SEC’s Public Reference Room may be obtained by calling the 
SEC  at  1-800-SEC-0330.  The  SEC  maintains  a  website  that  contains  reports,  proxy  and  information  statements,  and  other 
information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at www.sec.gov.

803Fin.pdf

18

Executive Officers of the Registrant 

Name of Executive Officer and
Position(s) with Company

Robert P. Restrepo, Jr.,

Chairman, President and Chief 
Executive Officer

Steven E. English,

Senior Vice President and Chief 
Financial Officer

Joel E. Brown,

Senior Vice President, Standard 
Lines

Jessica E. Buss,

Senior Vice President, Specialty 
Lines

Clyde H. Fitch, Jr.,

Senior Vice President and Chief 
Sales Officer

Stephen P. Hunckler,

Senior Vice President and Chief 
Claims Officer

Cynthia A. Powell,

Senior Vice President and Chief 
Risk Officer

Lyle D. Rhodebeck,

Senior Vice President, Director
of Operations

Lorraine M. Siegworth,

Senior Vice President and Chief 
Strategy & Organization 
Effectiveness Officer 

James A. Yano,

Senior Vice President, Secretary 
and General Counsel

Scott A. Jones,

Vice President and Chief 
Investment Officer

Matthew R. Pollak,

Vice President, Chief Accounting
Officer and Treasurer

(1)

Age
64

Principal Occupation(s)
During the Past Five Years
Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer of
STFC and State Auto Mutual, 2/06 to present; President
of STFC and State Auto Mutual, 3/06 to present.

An Executive Officer
of the Company Since
2006

(2)

54

57

43

64

56

54

57

47

63

50

49

Senior Vice President of STFC and State Auto Mutual,
8/13 to present; Vice President of STFC and State Auto
Mutual, 5/06 to 7/13; Chief Financial Officer of STFC
and State Auto Mutual, 12/06 to present.

Senior Vice President, Standard Lines, of STFC and
State Auto Mutual, 8/13 to present; Vice President,
Standard Lines of STFC and State Auto Mutual, 1/11 to
7/13; Vice President, Personal Lines, and Regional Vice
President of STFC and State Auto Mutual, 1/01 to 1/11.

Senior Vice President, Specialty Lines, of STFC and
State Auto Mutual, 8/13 to present; Vice President,
Specialty Lines of STFC and State Auto Mutual, 1/11
to 7/13; Chief Operating Officer of Rockhill Insurance
Company, 11/08 to 1/11.

Senior Vice President and Chief Sales Officer of STFC
and State Auto Mutual, 11/07 to present.

Senior Vice President of STFC and State Auto Mutual,
8/13 to present; Chief Claims Officer of STFC and
State Auto Mutual, 8/09 to present; Vice President of
STFC and State Auto Mutual, 8/09 to 7/13, Chief
Claims Officer of Balboa Insurance Group 8/06 to 8/09.

Senior Vice President of STFC and State Auto Mutual,
8/13 to present; Chief Risk Officer of STFC and State
Auto Mutual, 6/12 to present; Vice President of State
Auto Mutual, 3/00 to 7/13; Vice President of STFC,
5/00 to 7/13; Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer of
STFC and State Auto Mutual, 6/06 to 6/12.

Senior Vice President of STFC and State Auto Mutual,
8/13 to present; Vice President, Director of Operational 
Effectiveness, 01/08 to present.

Senior Vice President of STFC and State Auto Mutual,
8/13 to present; Chief Strategy & Organization
Effectiveness Officer of STFC and State Auto Mutual,
11/06 to present; Vice President of STFC and State
Auto Mutual, 11/06 to 7/13.

Senior Vice President of STFC and State Auto Mutual,
8/13 to present; Secretary and General Counsel of
STFC and State Auto Mutual, 4/07 to present; Vice
President of STFC and State Auto Mutual, 4/07 to 7/13

Vice President and Investment Officer of STFC and
State Auto Mutual, 3/12 to present; Assistant Vice
President of STFC and State Auto Mutual, 8/09 to 3/12;
Portfolio Manager of STFC and State Auto Mutual for
more than five years prior to 8/09.

Vice President, Chief Accounting Officer and Treasurer
of STFC and State Auto Mutual, 4/13 to present; Vice
President, Corporate Finance and Accounting of
American Safety Insurance Holdings, Ltd. 2/10 to 4/13;
Senior Vice President and E&S Segment Chief
Financial Officer of Argo Group International
Holdings, Ltd. 6/05 to 2/10.

2006

2011

2011

2007

2011

2000

2008

2006

2007

2012

2013

(1) Age as of March 3, 2015.
(2) Each of the foregoing officers has been designated by our Board of Directors as an executive officer for purposes of Section 16 of the Exchange Act.

803Fin.pdf

19

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Statements contained in this Form 10-K may be “forward-looking” within the meaning of Section 21E of the Exchange Act. 
Such forward-looking statements are subject to certain risks and uncertainties that could cause our operating results to differ 
materially from those projected. The following factors, among others, in some cases have affected, and in the future could affect, 
our actual financial performance. If any risks or uncertainties discussed below develop into actual events, then such events could 
have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, liquidity, capital resources, financial position or results of operations. 
In that case, the market price of our stock could decline materially.

In the discussion below, we have organized risks according to categories of risk factors; however, many of the risks may 
have correlations and ramifications in more than one category. For example, the timely availability of sufficient, reliable data and 
information is included in Underwriting and Pricing, yet may also affect a number of risk factor categories. The categories, therefore, 
should be viewed as a starting point for understanding the significant risks we face, not as a limitation on the potential impact of 
risks.

The risk factors might affect, alter, or change actions we take in developing or executing our strategies, including, but not 
limited to capital management. We employ a number of risk management approaches to reduce our exposure to risk, all of which 
have inherent limitations. The failure of our risk management actions could have material adverse effects on our business, reputation, 
liquidity, capital resources, financial position or results of operations.

The following list of risk factors is not exhaustive and others may exist or develop. This information should be carefully 
considered together with the other information included in this report and in other reports and materials we file with the SEC, as 
well as news releases and other information we publicly disseminate from time to time.

RESERVES

If our estimated liability for losses and loss expenses is incorrect, our loss reserves may be inadequate to cover our ultimate 

liability for losses and loss expenses and may have to be increased.

We establish loss reserves based on actuarial estimates of the amount to be paid in the future to settle all claims incurred as 
of the end of the accounting period. We maintain loss reserves to cover our estimated ultimate unpaid liability for losses and loss 
expenses with respect to reported and unreported claims incurred as of the end of each accounting period. Loss reserves do not 
represent an exact calculation of the liability, but instead represent estimates, generally using actuarial projection techniques at a 
given accounting date. Our loss reserve estimates are expectations of what the ultimate settlement and administration of claims 
will cost based on our assessment of facts and circumstances then known, historical settlement patterns, estimates of trends in 
claims severity and frequency, legal theories of liability and other factors. Variables in the loss reserve estimation process can be 
affected  by  both  internal  and  external  events,  such  as  changes  in  claims  handling  procedures,  trends  in  loss  costs,  economic 
inflation, legal developments and legislative changes. Many of these items are not directly quantifiable, particularly on a prospective 
basis. Additionally, there may be a significant reporting lag, or changes in the report lag, between the occurrence of an insured 
event and the time a claim is actually reported to us. We refine loss reserve estimates in a regular, ongoing process as historical 
loss experience develops and additional claims are reported and settled. We record adjustments to loss reserves in the results of 
operations for the periods in which the estimates are changed. In establishing loss reserves, we take into account estimated recoveries 
for reinsurance, salvage and subrogation.

Because estimating loss reserves is an inherently uncertain process, currently established loss reserves may not be adequate. 
If we conclude the estimates are incorrect and our loss reserves are inadequate, we are obligated to increase them. An increase in 
loss reserves results in an increase in losses, reducing our net income for the period in which the deficiency is identified. Accordingly, 
an increase in loss reserves could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, liquidity and financial condition.

CATASTROPHE LOSSES AND GEOGRAPHIC CONCENTRATIONS

The occurrence of catastrophic events could cause volatility in our results of operations and could materially reduce our 

level of profitability and adversely affect our liquidity and financial position.

Our insurance operations expose us to claims arising out of catastrophic events. We have experienced, and will in the future 
experience, catastrophe losses that may cause substantial volatility in our financial results for any fiscal quarter or year and could 
materially reduce our level of profitability or harm our financial condition, which in turn could adversely affect our ability to write 
new business. Catastrophes can be caused by various natural events, including hurricanes, hailstorms, tornadoes, windstorms, 
earthquakes, severe winter weather, fires and man-made events, none of which are within our control. Catastrophe losses can vary 
widely  and  could  significantly  impact  our  results.  The  frequency  and  severity  of  catastrophes  are  inherently  unpredictable. 
Additionally, catastrophe losses incurred by residual markets or pooling mechanisms (such as wind pools) in certain states could 

20

803Fin.pdf

trigger assessments to us. Such assessments could be material and may not be recoupable, depending on the applicable state 
mechanism.

The magnitude of loss from a catastrophe is a function of the severity of the event and the total amount of insured exposure 
in the affected area. Accordingly, we can sustain significant losses from less severe catastrophes, such as localized windstorms, 
when they affect areas where our insured exposure is concentrated. Although catastrophes can cause losses in a variety of our 
property and casualty lines, most of our catastrophe claims in the past have related to homeowners, allied lines, commercial 
property and commercial multi-peril coverages. The geographic distribution of our business subjects us to catastrophe exposure 
from severe thunderstorms, tornadoes and hail, as well as earthquakes and hurricanes affecting the United States. Our 2014 and 
2013 results reflected decreases in weather-related catastrophe losses when compared to 2012; however, there can be no assurance 
that a favorable trend will continue in future years. In 2012, the largest catastrophe or series of catastrophes affecting STFC's 
results of operations were as follows: in 2012, losses related to wind and hail activity from a tornado in March, wind and hail 
activity in Louisville, Kentucky, and St. Louis, Missouri, in April, and wind activity from a storm in the Midwest and Mid-Atlantic 
states in June resulted in approximately $50.5 million in pre-tax losses. 

Increases in the value and geographic concentration of insured properties and the effects of inflation could increase the 
severity of claims from catastrophic events in the future. In addition, states have from time to time passed legislation that limits 
the ability of insurers to manage catastrophe risk, such as legislation prohibiting insurers from withdrawing from catastrophe-
prone areas or refusing to enforce policy provisions such as hurricane deductibles. Although we attempt to reduce the impact of 
catastrophes on our business by controlling concentrations of exposures in catastrophe prone areas and through the purchase of 
reinsurance, such reinsurance may prove inadequate if a major catastrophic loss exceeds the reinsurance limit, or we incur a number 
of smaller catastrophes that, individually, fall below the reinsurance retention level.

Along with others in the industry, we utilize catastrophe models developed by third party vendors to help assess and manage 
our exposure to catastrophe losses. Such models assume various conditions and probability scenarios and use historical information 
about catastrophic events, along with detailed information about our business. While we use modeling information in connection 
with our pricing and risk management activities, there are limitations with respect to the models’ usefulness in predicting losses 
in any reporting period. Such limitations are evidenced by the occurrence of significant variations in estimates between models 
and modelers; material increases or decreases in model results due to changes and refinements of the underlying data elements 
and assumptions; and differences observed between the results of actual event conditions and modeled expectations. Climate 
change, to the extent it affects changes in weather patterns, could impact the frequency or severity of weather events. Some industry 
commentators have expressed concerns that hydraulic fracturing or “fracking,” a process which involves drilling deep underground 
wells and injecting water, chemicals and sand into the rock formations in order to extract oil and gas, may cause seismic activity 
which, among other things, may affect the frequency of earthquakes. We view fracking as a potential emerging risk facing the 
industry.

Our ongoing catastrophe management efforts could negatively impact growth to the extent constraints on property exposures 
are deemed necessary in certain territories. In addition, due to the potential impact on cross-selling opportunities, new business 
growth in auto or other lines of business could be negatively affected.

A severe catastrophic event, pandemic or terrorist attack somewhere in the world may not result in material insurance losses 
to us. However, our investment portfolio, reinsurers or the general economy could be negatively affected, resulting in a material 
adverse effect on our business, liquidity, capital resources, financial position or results of operations.

UNDERWRITING AND PRICING

Our financial results depend primarily on our ability to underwrite risks effectively and to charge adequate rates to 

policyholders.

Our financial condition, cash flows and results of operations depend on our ability to underwrite and set rates adequately 
for a full spectrum of risks, across a number of lines of insurance. Rate adequacy is necessary to generate sufficient premium to 
pay losses, loss adjustment expenses and underwriting expenses and to earn a profit.

Our  ability  to  underwrite  and  set  rates  effectively  is  subject  to  a  number  of  risks  and  uncertainties,  including,  without 

limitation:

• 

• 

• 

803Fin.pdf

the timely availability of sufficient, reliable data;

our ability to conduct a complete and accurate analysis of available data;

our  ability  to  timely  recognize  changes  in  trends  and  to  project  both  the  severity  and  frequency  of  losses  with 
reasonable accuracy;

21

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

uncertainties which are generally inherent in estimates and assumptions;

our ability to project changes in certain operating expense levels with reasonable accuracy;

the development, selection and application of appropriate rating formulae or other pricing methodologies;

our use of predictive modeling or other underwriting tools to assist with correctly and consistently achieving the 
intended results in underwriting and pricing;

our ability to establish and consistently follow company underwriting guidelines;

our  ability  to  innovate  with  new  product  and/or  pricing  strategies,  and  the  success  of  those  innovations  on 
implementation;

our ability to secure regulatory approval of premium rates on an adequate and timely basis and effectively implement 
such rate changes;

our ability to accurately predict consumer behavior, such as policyholder retention;

unanticipated court decisions, legislation or regulatory action;

unanticipated changes or execution problems in our claim settlement practices, including our ability to recognize 
and respond to fraudulent or inflated claims;

changing driving patterns for auto exposures; changing weather patterns (including those which may be related to 
climate change) for property exposures;

technological innovations in automobiles, such as accident avoidance systems and advances leading to autonomous 
cars;

changes in the medical sector of the economy; including healthcare reform cost shifting and other factors;

unanticipated changes in auto repair costs, auto parts prices and used car prices;

impact  of  inflation  and  other  factors,  such  as  demand  surge  on  cost  of  construction  materials,  labor  and  other 
expenditures;

our ability to monitor and manage property concentration in catastrophe prone areas, such as hurricane, earthquake 
and wind/hail regions; and

the general state of the economy in the states in which we operate.

Such risks may result in our rates being based on inadequate or inaccurate data or inappropriate assumptions or methodologies, 
and may cause our estimates of future changes in the frequency or severity of claims to be incorrect. As a result, we could underprice 
risks, which would negatively affect our margins, or we could overprice risks, which could reduce our competitiveness. In either 
event, our operating results, financial condition and cash flows could be materially adversely affected.

CREDIT AND FINANCIAL STRENGTH RATINGS

A downgrade in our financial strength ratings may negatively affect our business and reputation and a downgrade in 

our credit rating could negatively affect the cost and availability of debt financing.

Insurance companies are subject to financial strength ratings produced by external rating agencies. Higher ratings generally 
indicate financial stability and a strong ability to pay claims. Ratings are assigned by rating agencies to insurers based upon factors 
that they believe are relevant to policyholders and creditors. Ratings are important to maintaining public confidence in our Company 
and in our ability to market our products. A downgrade in our financial strength ratings could, among other things, negatively 
affect our ability to sell certain insurance products, our relationships with agents and our ability to compete.

Although other agencies cover the property and casualty industry, we believe our ability to write business is most influenced 
by our rating from A.M. Best. According to A.M. Best, its ratings are designed to assess an insurer’s financial strength and ability 
to  meet  ongoing  obligations  to  policyholders. The  State Auto  Group’s  current  financial  strength  rating  from A.M.  Best  is A 
(Excellent) with a negative outlook. The State Auto Group’s current financial strength rating from Moody’s is A3 with an under 
review for downgrade outlook and from Standard & Poor’s is BBB+ with a negative outlook.

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Generally, credit ratings affect the cost, type and availability of debt financing. Higher rated securities receive more favorable 
pricing and terms relative to lower rated securities at the time of issue. The State Auto Group’s current credit rating from A.M. 
Best is bbb with a negative outlook. The State Auto Group’s current credit rating from Standard & Poor’s BB+ with a negative 
outlook.

Depending on future results and developments, we may not be able to maintain our current ratings.

DIVIDENDS

There can be no assurance that we will continue to pay cash dividends consistent with current or past levels.

We have a history of consistently paying cash dividends to our shareholders. In the fourth quarter of 2012, the Board of 
Directors of State Auto Financial reduced the amount of dividends paid on our common shares from $0.15 per share to $0.10 per 
share; however, the future payment of cash dividends will depend upon a variety of factors, such as our results of operations, 
financial condition and cash requirements, as well as the ability of our insurance subsidiaries to make distributions to STFC. State 
insurance laws restrict the payment of dividends by insurance companies to their shareholders. In addition, competitive pressures 
generally require insurance companies to maintain insurance financial strength ratings. Such restrictions and other requirements 
and factors may affect the ability of our insurance subsidiaries to make dividend payments to STFC. Limits on the ability of our 
insurance subsidiaries to pay dividends could adversely affect STFC's liquidity, including STFC's ability to pay cash dividends to 
shareholders.

TECHNOLOGY AND TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS

Our  business  success  and  profitability  depend,  in  part,  on  effective  information  technology  and  telecommunication 
systems. If we are unable to keep pace with the rapidly developing technological advancements in the insurance industry, our 
ability to compete effectively could be impaired.

We  depend  in  large  part  on  our  technology  and  telecommunication  systems  for  conducting  business  and  processing 
claims. Our business success is dependent on maintaining the effectiveness of existing technology and telecommunication systems 
and on their continued development and enhancement to support our business processes and strategic initiatives in a cost effective 
manner. We  implemented  a  new  claims  system  for  most  lines  of  business  during  2013. This  initiative  involved  a  significant 
commitment of resources. This new system is intended to add functionality and increase our claims efficiency with improved file 
quality.  However, there can be no certainty that all such intended benefits will be fully realized.

An ongoing challenge during system development and enhancement is the effective and efficient utilization of our current 
technology in view of a constantly changing technological landscape. There can be no assurance that the development of current 
technology for future use will not result in our being competitively disadvantaged, especially with those carriers that have greater 
resources. If we are unable to keep pace with the advancements being made in technology, our ability to compete with other 
insurance  companies  who  have  advanced  technological  capabilities  will  be  negatively  affected. Further,  if  we  are  unable  to 
effectively execute and update or replace our key legacy technology and telecommunication systems as they become obsolete or 
as emerging technology renders them competitively inefficient, our competitive position and/or cost structure could be adversely 
affected.

If we are unable to effectively execute our top initiatives and projects, we may not meet organizational objectives due to 

cost overruns, missed project milestones, defects and/or failing to deliver the desired business value.

System implementations are complex processes requiring extensive planning and coordination among multiple stakeholder 
groups.  During  2013,  we  began  planning  a  multi-year  business  and  technology  transition  to  consolidate  all  of  our  policy 
administration and billing systems. The transition is not expected to be complete for several years. For this initiative, we are 
partnering with a third party which specializes in providing core system software to the insurance industry. The new technology 
platform is intended to provide us with quicker speed to market, improve ease of doing business for our policyholders, agents and 
brokers, lower our costs for maintenance and product introductions and provide greater operational efficiency. However, even 
with our best planning and efforts and the involvement of third party expertise, there can be no assurance that the expected benefits 
will be realized upon implementation or that the transition will be completed within the planned time frame or budget.  Such risks 
are also present in other key initiatives and projects planned for 2015 and beyond.

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If we experience difficulties with outsourcing, or other third party relationships, our ability to conduct business might 

be negatively impacted. 

During 2014, we transitioned the support and maintenance of information technology legacy systems to a third party vendor.  
This decision was designed to advance our application and support capabilities, while delivering an improved customer experience.  
However, there can be no assurance that these desired objectives will be achieved.  If the third party provider fails to perform as 
expected, we may experience operational difficulties, service problems or increased costs.

From time to time we may outsource certain other business, information technology or administrative functions, or otherwise 
rely on certain third parties for the performance of such functions, for efficiency and cost saving purposes. If we fail to develop 
and implement our sourcing strategies or our third party providers fail to perform as expected, we may experience operational 
difficulties, increased costs, and a loss of business that may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or financial 
condition.

VENDOR MANAGEMENT

Loss of key vendor relationships or failure of a vendor to perform as anticipated or to protect personal information of 

our customers, claimants or employees could negatively affect our operations.

We rely on services and products provided by various vendors.  In the event that one or more of our vendors becomes unable 
to continue to provide products or services as anticipated, we may suffer operational impairment and financial loss.  If one or more 
of our vendors fail to protect personal information of our customers, claimants or employees, we may incur operational impairments, 
or could be exposed to litigation, compliance costs or reputation damage.

CYBER-SECURITY THREATS

Our highly automated and networked organization is subject to cyber-terrorism and a variety of other cyber-security 
threats. These threats come in a variety of forms, such as viruses and malicious software.  Such threats can be difficult to 
prevent or detect, and if experienced, could interrupt or damage our operations, harm our reputation or have a material adverse 
effect on our operations.

Our technology and telecommunications systems are highly integrated and connected with other networks. Cyber-attacks 
involving these systems could be carried out remotely and from multiple sources and could interrupt, damage or otherwise adversely 
affect the operations of these critical systems. Cyber-attacks could result in the modification or theft of data, the distribution of 
false information or the denial of service to users. We obtain, utilize and maintain data concerning individuals and organizations 
with which we have a business relationship. Threats to data security can emerge from a variety of sources and change in rapid 
fashion, resulting in the ongoing need to expend resources to secure our data in accordance with customer expectations and statutory 
and regulatory requirements.

We could be subject to liability if confidential customer information is misappropriated from our technology systems. Despite 
the implementation of security measures, these systems may be vulnerable to physical break-ins, computer viruses, programming 
errors, attacks by third parties or similar disruptive problems. Any well-publicized compromise of security could deter people 
from entering into transactions that involve transmitting confidential information to our systems, which could have a material 
adverse effect on our business and reputation.

We rely on services and products provided by many vendors. In the event that one or more of our vendors fails to protect 
personal information of our customers, claimants or employees, we may incur operational impairments, or could be exposed to 
litigation, compliance costs or reputational damage.

While we have not experienced material cyber-incidents to date, the occurrence and effects of cyber-incidents may remain 
undetected for an extended period. We maintain cyber-liability insurance coverage to offset certain potential losses, subject to 
policy limits, such as liability to others, costs of related crisis management, data extortion, applicable forensics and certain regulatory 
defense costs, fines and penalties.

BUSINESS CONTINUITY

Our business depends on the uninterrupted operation of our facilities, systems and business functions, including our 
information technology, telecommunications and other business systems. Our business continuity and disaster recovery plans 
may not sufficiently address all contingencies.

Our business is highly dependent upon our ability to execute, in an efficient and uninterrupted fashion, necessary business 
functions,  such  as  Internet  support  and  24-hour  claims  contact  centers,  processing  new  and  renewal  business,  receiving  and 

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processing payment receipts and processing and paying claims. A shut-down of or inability to access one or more of our facilities, 
power  outages,  a  major  failure  of  the  Internet,  a  pandemic,  or  a  failure  of  one  or  more  of  our  information  technology, 
telecommunications or other systems could significantly impair our ability to perform such functions on a timely basis. In addition, 
because our information technology and telecommunications systems interface with and depend on third party systems, we could 
experience service denials if demand for such service exceeds capacity, or if our system or a third party system fails or experiences 
an interruption. If sustained or repeated, such a business interruption, systems failure or service denial could result in a deterioration 
of our ability to write and process new and renewal business, provide customer service, receive premium payments, pay claims 
in a timely manner or perform other necessary corporate functions. This could result in a materially adverse effect on our business 
results and liquidity and may cause reputational damage.

We have established a business continuity plan that is designed to continue our core business operations in the event that 
normal business operations cannot be performed due to a catastrophic event. While we continue to test and assess our business 
continuity plan to meet the needs of our core business operations and address multiple business interruption events, there is no 
assurance that we will be able to perform our core business operations upon the occurrence of such an event, which may result in 
a material adverse effect on our reputation, financial position and results of operations.

REINSURANCE

Reinsurance may not be available, collectible or adequate to protect us against losses, or may cause us to constrain the 

amount of business we underwrite in certain lines of business and locations.

We use reinsurance to help manage our exposure to insurance risks and to manage our capital.  There can be no assurance 
that our use of reinsurance effectively meets our strategic business objectives.  The availability, policy conditions and cost of 
reinsurance are subject to prevailing market conditions, which can affect our business volume and profitability. Although the 
reinsurer is liable to us to the extent of the ceded reinsurance, we remain liable as the direct insurer on all risks reinsured. Ceded 
reinsurance arrangements do not eliminate our obligation to pay claims. As a result, we are subject to counterparty risk with respect 
to our ability to recover amounts due from reinsurers. Reinsurance may not be adequate to protect us against losses and may not 
be available to us in the future at commercially reasonable rates. In addition, the magnitude of losses in the reinsurance industry 
resulting from catastrophes may adversely affect the financial strength of certain reinsurers, which may result in our inability to 
collect or recover reinsurance. Reinsurers also may reserve their right to dispute coverage with respect to specific claims. With 
respect to catastrophic or other loss, if we experience difficulty collecting from reinsurers or obtaining additional reinsurance in 
the future, we will bear a greater portion of the total financial responsibility for such loss, which could materially reduce our 
profitability or harm our liquidity and financial condition.

As described in more detail elsewhere in this Form 10-K, the State Auto Group entered into a one-year property aggregate 
excess catastrophe reinsurance agreement, effective January 1, 2015, with a syndicate of reinsurers covering property business 
underwritten by our personal insurance and business insurance segments.  This reinsurance agreement excludes property risks 
underwritten by our specialty insurance segment.  This reinsurance agreement replaces the homeowner quota share reinsurance 
agreement  that  had  been  in  place  for  the  prior  three  years.    Under  that  quota  share  reinsurance  agreement,  which  expired  in 
accordance with its terms on December 31, 2014, we had ceded to reinsurers 75% of our homeowner business during the term of 
the agreement.

The one-year property aggregate excess catastrophe reinsurance agreement provides reinsurance coverage to the State Auto 
Group of $75.0 million during 2015 for the ISO's PCS numbered catastrophes and certain other weather-related events after the 
State Auto Group's retention of $165.0 million.  Individual occurrences are not subject to an occurrence deductible, but are subject 
to a maximum amount of $55.0 million consistent with the Group's retention under the existing property catastrophe excess of 
loss reinsurance agreement.

As described in more detail elsewhere in this Form 10-K, the State Auto Group entered into an ADC reinsurance agreement 
to  protect  against  adverse  development  of  loss  and ALAE  reserves  for  the  terminated  RED  restaurant  program.    The ADC 
reinsurance agreement provides the State Auto Group with $40.0 million of adverse development cover in excess of the carried 
reserves for the terminated RED restaurant program at December 31, 2014.

CYCLICAL NATURE OF THE INDUSTRY

The property and casualty insurance industry is cyclical, which may cause fluctuations in our operating results.

The property and casualty insurance industry, particularly business insurance, has been historically characterized by periods 
of intense price competition due to excess underwriting capacity, as well as periods of shortages of underwriting capacity that 
result in higher prices and more restrictive contract and/or coverage terms. The periods of intense price competition may adversely 
affect our operating results, and the overall cyclicality of the industry may cause fluctuations in our operating results. While we 

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may adjust prices during periods of intense competition, it remains our strategy to allow for acceptable profit levels and to decline 
coverage in situations where pricing or risk would not result in acceptable expected returns. Accordingly, our commercial and 
specialty lines of business tend to contract during periods of severe competition and price declines and expand when market pricing 
allows an acceptable return. This can cause volatility in our premium revenues. Our specialty insurance segment markets and 
underwrites commercial exposures through wholesale brokers, program administrators and other specialty sources. The reaction 
of these distribution channels to price competition may result in the movement of business and volatility of premium revenues.

The personal lines businesses are characterized by an automated underwriting cycle of loss cost trends. Driving patterns, 
inflation in the cost of auto repairs and medical care and increasing litigation of liability claims are some of the more important 
factors that affect loss cost trends. Inflation in the cost of building materials and labor costs and demand caused by weather-related 
catastrophic events affect personal lines homeowners loss cost trends. We may be unable to increase premiums at the same pace 
as coverage costs increase. Accordingly, profit margins initially decline in periods of increasing loss costs.

ECONOMIC CONDITIONS

Economic conditions may adversely affect our business.

The current challenging national and global economy, as well as negative economic conditions in the future, may adversely 
impact our business and results of operations. While the volatility of the economic climate makes it difficult for us to predict the 
overall impact of economic conditions on our business and results of operations, our business may be impacted in a variety of 
ways.

Economic conditions affect consumer behavior.  For example, a decrease in gas prices may result in consumers driving more 
miles, leading to a possible increase in auto claim frequency.  Negative economic conditions may cause consumers and businesses 
to decrease their spending, which may impact the demand for insurance products. For example, declining automotive sales and 
weaknesses in the housing market generally impact the purchase of our personal auto and homeowners insurance products by 
consumers  and  business  insurance  products  by  businesses  involved  in  these  industries.  High  levels  of  unemployment have  a 
tendency to cause the number of workers’ compensation claims to increase, as laid-off and unemployed workers may seek workers’ 
compensation benefits to replace their lost healthcare benefits. Similarly, uninsured and underinsured motorist claims may rise. 
Vacated homes and business properties pose increased insurance industry risk.

Volatility and weakness in the financial and capital markets may negatively impact the value of our investment portfolio. 

Economic strains on states and municipalities could result in downgrades or defaults of certain municipal obligations.

We may be adversely affected by business difficulties, bankruptcies and impairments of other parties with whom we do 
business, such as independent agents, key vendors and suppliers, reinsurers or banks, which increases our credit risk and other 
counterparty risks. Bankruptcies among our current business insurance customers can negatively affect our retention. Reductions 
in new business start-ups may negatively affect the number of future potential business insurance customers.

In response to economic conditions, the United States federal government and other governmental and regulatory bodies 
have taken action and may take additional actions to address such conditions. There can be no assurance as to what impact such 
actions or future actions will have on the financial markets, economic conditions or our Company.

In addition, government spending and monetary policies or other factors may cause the rate of inflation to increase in the 
future. Inflation can have a significant negative impact on property and casualty insurers because premium rates are established 
before the amount of losses and loss expenses are known. When establishing rates, we attempt to anticipate increases from inflation 
subject to the limitations of modeling economic variables. Premium rates may prove to be inadequate due to low trend assumptions 
arising from the use of historical data. Even when general inflation is relatively modest, price inflation on the goods and services 
purchased by insurance companies in settling claims can steadily increase. Reserves may develop adversely and become inadequate. 
Retentions and deductibles may be exhausted more quickly. Interest rate increases in an inflationary environment could cause the 
values of our fixed income investments to decline.

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Adverse capital and credit market conditions may negatively affect our ability to meet unexpected liquidity needs or to 

obtain credit on acceptable terms.

In the event that we need access to additional capital to pay our operating expenses, make payments on our indebtedness, 
pay for capital expenditures or fund acquisitions, our ability to obtain such capital may be constrained and the cost of any such 
capital may be significant. Our ability to obtain additional financing will depend on numerous factors, such as market conditions, 
the general availability of credit, the overall availability of credit to our industry, our credit ratings and credit capacity, as well as 
lenders’  perception of  our  long-  or  short-term  financial prospects.  Our  access  to  funds  may  also  be constrained  if  regulatory 
authorities or rating agencies take negative actions. If certain factors were to occur, our internal sources of liquidity may prove to 
be insufficient and we may not be able to successfully obtain additional financing on satisfactory terms.

DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM

Our retail agents, who are part of the independent agency distribution channel, are our sole distribution method for our 
personal and business insurance segments.  Our exclusive use of such distribution may constrain our ability to grow at a 
comparable pace to our competitors that utilize multiple distribution channels. In addition, consumers may prefer to purchase 
insurance products through other means, such as the internet, rather than through agents.

We market our insurance products in our personal and business insurance segments exclusively through independent, non-
exclusive insurance agents and brokers, whereas some of our competitors sell their insurance products through direct marketing 
techniques, the internet or “captive” insurance agents who sell products exclusively for one insurance company. Throughout its 
history, the State Auto Group has supported the independent agency system as our distribution channel. However, we recognize 
that although the number of distribution locations has expanded and the size of many agencies has grown, the number of individual 
independent  agencies  in  the  industry  has  dramatically  shrunk  over  the  past  decade  due  to  agency  purchases,  consolidations, 
bankruptcies  and  agent  retirements.  We  also  recognize  that  it  will  be  progressively  more  difficult  to  expand  the  number  of 
independent agencies representing us. If we are unsuccessful in maintaining and increasing our agency representation, our sales 
and results of operations could be adversely affected.

The retail agents that market and sell our products also sell products of our competitors. These agents may recommend our 
competitors’ products over our products or may stop selling our products altogether. When price competition is intense,  our 
premium production may be negatively impacted by the fact our independent agent distribution force has products to sell from 
other carriers that may be more willing to lower prices to grow top line sales. Consequently, we must remain focused on attracting 
and partnering with agents to market and sell our products. We compete for productive agents primarily on the basis of our financial 
position, support services, ease of doing business, compensation and product features. Although we make efforts to ensure we 
have strong relationships with our retail agents, we may not be successful and our sales and results of operations could be adversely 
affected.

In addition, consumers are increasingly using the internet and other alternative channels to purchase insurance products. 
While our website provides a significant amount of information about our insurance products, consumers cannot purchase insurance 
through our website. Instead, consumers must contact one of our independent agents to purchase our insurance products or make 
changes to their policies. This single distribution system may place us at a disadvantage with consumers who prefer to purchase 
insurance products online or through other alternative distribution channels.

Because our specialty insurance segment business is dependent upon wholesale brokers, managing general agents and 
retail agents, we are exposed to certain risks arising out of these distribution channels that could cause our results to be adversely 
affected. 

We market and distribute our specialty insurance segment products through wholesale agents and managing general agents 
to whom we have granted quoting and binding authority and who, in turn, sell our insurance products to insureds through retail 
insurance  brokers.  While  we  have  established  and  provided  these  wholesale  agents  and  managing  general  agents  with  pre-
established underwriting guidelines, if they fail to comply with our underwriting guidelines and the terms of their appointment, 
we could be bound on a particular risk or number of risks that were not anticipated when we developed the insurance products. 
Such actions could adversely affect our results of operations. 

Additionally, in any given period we may derive a significant portion of our business from a limited number of agents and 
brokers and the loss of any of these relationships could have a significant impact on our ability to market our products and services. 
Likewise, in certain jurisdictions, when the insured remits premium payments to our agent or broker in full, our premiums are 
considered to have been paid in full, notwithstanding that we may or may not have actually received the premiums from the agent 
or broker. Consequently, we assume a degree of credit risk associated with certain agents and brokers with whom we transact 
business.

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REGULATION

Our business is heavily regulated, and changes in regulation may reduce our profitability and limit our growth.

We are subject to extensive regulation in the states in which we conduct business. This regulation is generally designed to 
protect the interests of policyholders, as opposed to shareholders and other investors, and relates to authorization for lines of 
business, capital and surplus requirements, investment limitations, underwriting limitations, transactions with affiliates, dividend 
limitations (see “Regulation-Dividends” in Item 1), changes in control, premium rates and a variety of other financial and non-
financial components of an insurance company’s business. The NAIC and state insurance regulators are constantly examining 
laws  and  regulations,  generally  focusing  on  modifications  to  holding  company  regulations,  interpreting  existing  laws  and 
developing new laws.

From time to time, some states in which we conduct business have considered or enacted laws that may alter or increase 
state authority to regulate insurance companies and insurance holding companies. In other situations, states in which we conduct 
business have considered or enacted laws that impact the competitive environment and marketplace for property and casualty 
insurance.

Nearly all states require licensed insurers to participate in guaranty funds through assessments covering a portion of insurance 
claims against impaired or insolvent insurers. An increase in the magnitude of impaired companies could result in an increase in 
our share of such assessments. Residual market or pooling arrangements exist in many states to provide certain types of insurance 
coverage to those that are otherwise unable to find private insurers willing to insure them. Licensed insurers voluntarily writing 
such coverage are required to participate in these residual markets or pooling mechanisms. Such participation exposes us to possible 
assessments, some of which could be material to our results of operations. The potential availability of recoupments or premium 
rate increases, if applicable, may not offset such assessments in the financial statements nor do so in the same fiscal periods.

From time to time, many of the states in which we operate consider legislation restricting or banning the use of credit scoring 
in rating and/or risk selection in personal lines of business. Similarly, several states have considered restricting insurers’ rights to 
use loss history information maintained in various databases by insurance support organizations. These tools help us price our 
products more fairly and enhance our ability to compete for business that we believe will be profitable. Such regulations would 
limit our ability, as well as the ability of all other insurance carriers operating in any affected jurisdiction, to take advantage of 
these tools.

Currently  the  federal  government  does  not  directly  regulate  the  insurance  business.  However,  in  recent  years  the  state 
insurance regulatory framework has come under increased federal scrutiny. Congress and some federal agencies from time to time 
investigate the current condition of insurance regulation in the United States to determine whether to impose federal regulation 
or to allow an optional federal charter, similar to banks. In addition, changes in federal legislation and administrative policies in 
several areas, including changes in the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, financial services regulation and federal taxation, or repeal of 
McCarran-Ferguson Act (which largely exempts the insurance industry from the federal antitrust laws), could significantly impact 
the insurance industry and us. In February 2013, the Department of Housing and Urban Development finalized a federal regulation 
introducing disparate impact criteria to the sale of homeowners insurance. Such regulation may have a negative effect on our 
underwriting and pricing of homeowners insurance, as it puts in jeopardy the use of longstanding, sound actuarial factors. We are 
continuing to monitor the impact of this legislation.

The Federal Insurance Office was established in 2010 by the enactment of the Dodd-Frank Act. The Federal Insurance Office 
is a separate office within the United States Department of Treasury. The primary objective of the Federal Insurance Office is to 
monitor  all  aspects  of  the  insurance  industry. The  Federal  Insurance  Office  also  coordinates  and  develops  federal  policy  on 
international insurance matters, including representing the United States in the International Association of Insurance Supervisors, 
assists  in  negotiating  certain  international  agreements,  monitors  access  to  affordable  insurance  by  traditionally  underserved 
communities and consumers, minorities, and low- and moderate-income persons, and assists in the administration of the terrorism 
risk insurance program. However, the Federal Insurance Office lacks regulatory authority, and it is not clear how this federal office 
will coordinate and interact with the NAIC or state insurance regulators.  In December 2013, the Federal Insurance Office issued 
a report on regulatory modernization.  The report concluded that the regulatory debate at present is not whether insurance regulation 
should be state-based or regulated by the federal government, but, whether there are areas in which the federal government's 
involvement in regulation under the state-based approach would be beneficial.  The report recommended 18 areas for short-term 
insurance regulation improvement, centering around capital adequacy, reform of insurer resolution practices and marketplace 
regulation, and nine areas of direct federal government involvement in regulation.  Industry response to the report has been mixed.  
It is uncertain what regulatory changes may ultimately result from the report and what impact such changes may have on the 
industry and to us.

Although we do not write health insurance, rules affecting health care services can affect insurance we write, including 
workers’ compensation, commercial and personal automobile and liability insurance. The enactment of the Patient Protection and 
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Affordable Care Act of 2010 (the “Healthcare Act”) and additional health care reform legislation may have an impact on various 
aspects of our business. In addition, we may be impacted as a business enterprise by potential tax issues and changes in employee 
benefits. We will continue to monitor and assess the impact of health care legislation or regulations, or changing interpretations, 
at the federal or state levels.

We cannot predict with certainty the effect any enacted, proposed or future state or federal regulation or NAIC initiatives 
may have on the conduct of our business. Furthermore, there can be no assurance that the regulatory requirements applicable to 
our business will not become more stringent in the future or result in materially higher costs than current requirements. For example, 
concerns over climate change may prompt federal, state or local laws intended to protect the environment. Changes in the regulation 
of our business may reduce our profitability, limit our growth or otherwise adversely affect our operations.

We  could  be  adversely  affected  if  our  controls  designed  to  assure  compliance  with  guidelines,  policies,  and  legal  and 
regulatory standards, including financial and regulatory reporting, are ineffective. Our business is dependent on our ability to 
regularly engage in a large number of insurance underwriting, claim processing, personnel and human resources, and investment 
activities, many of which are complex. These activities often are subject to internal guidelines and policies, as well as legal and 
regulatory requirements. No matter how well designed and executed, control systems provide only reasonable assurance that the 
system objectives will be met. If our controls are not effective, it could lead to financial loss, unexpected risk exposures or damage 
to our reputation.

Tax legislation initiatives or challenges to our tax positions could adversely affect our results of operations and financial 

condition.

We are subject to the tax laws and regulations of the United States federal, state and local governments. Tax legislative 
initiatives by these governmental bodies, including actions by departments of insurance, taxing authorities and other state and 
local agencies, to change the current tax structure or to increase taxes, assessments and other revenue-generating fees may increase 
the cost of doing business in those jurisdictions.

From time to time, various legislative initiatives may be proposed that could adversely affect our tax positions. There can 
be no assurance that our effective tax rate or tax payments will not be adversely affected by these initiatives. In addition, United 
States federal, state and local tax laws and regulations are extremely complex and subject to varying interpretations. There can be 
no assurance that our tax positions will not be challenged by relevant tax authorities or that we would be successful in any such 
challenge.

CLAIM AND COVERAGE DEVELOPMENTS

Developing claim and coverage issues in our industry are uncertain and may adversely affect our insurance operations.

As industry practices and legislative, judicial and regulatory conditions change, unexpected and unintended issues related 
to claims and coverage may develop. These issues could have an adverse effect on our business by either extending coverage 
beyond our underwriting intent or by increasing the frequency or severity of claims. The premiums we charge for our insurance 
products are based upon certain risk expectations. When legislative, judicial or regulatory authorities expand the burden of risk 
beyond our expectations, the premiums we previously charged or collected may no longer be sufficient to cover the risk, and we 
do not have the ability to retroactively modify premium amounts. Furthermore, our reserve estimates do not take into consideration 
a major retroactive expansion of coverage through legislative or regulatory actions or judicial interpretations.

In particular, court decisions have had, and are expected to continue to have, significant impact on the property and casualty 
insurance industry. Court decisions may increase the level of risk which insurers are expected to assume in a number of ways, 
such as by eliminating exclusions, increasing limits of coverage, creating rights in claimants not intended by the insurer and 
interpreting applicable statutes expansively to create obligations on insurers not originally considered when the statute was passed. 
In some cases, court decisions have been applied retroactively. Court decisions have also negated legal reforms passed by state 
legislatures.

We have seen instances of political pressure exerted to force or persuade insurers to provide extra-contractual coverage, 

such as foregoing the use of deductibles. Such situations may, to some degree, threaten the sanctity of the insurance contract.

There is also a growing trend of plaintiffs targeting property and casualty insurers, including us, in putative class action 
litigation  relating  to  claim-handling  and  other  practices,  particularly  with  respect  to  the  handling  of  personal  lines  auto  and 
homeowners claims.

There are concerns that the focus on climate change and global warming could affect court decisions or result in litigation, 
including potential matters arising from federal, state or local laws intended to protect the environment. Other environmental 
concerns could also create or affect potential liability exposures.
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Many of these issues are beyond our control. The effects of these and other unforeseen claims and coverage issues are 

extremely hard to predict and could materially harm our business and results of operations.

LITIGATION

We may suffer losses from litigation, which could materially and adversely affect our operating results or cash flows and 

financial condition.

As is typical in our industry, we face risks associated with litigation of various types, including disputes relating to insurance 
claims under our policies, as well as other general commercial and corporate litigation. Litigation is subject to inherent uncertainties 
and in the event of an unfavorable outcome in one or more litigation matters, the ultimate liability may be in excess of amounts 
currently reserved and may be material to our operating results or cash flows for a particular quarter or annual period and to our 
financial condition.

TERRORISM

Terrorist attacks, and the threat of terrorist attacks, and ensuing events could have an adverse effect on us.

Terrorism, both within the United States and abroad, and military and other actions and heightened security measures in 
response to these types of threats, may cause loss of life, property damage, reduced economic activity, and additional disruptions 
to commerce. Terrorist attacks could cause losses from insurance claims related to the property and casualty insurance operations 
of the State Auto Group, as well as a decrease in our stockholders’ equity, net income and/or revenue.

The Terrorism Acts require the federal government and the insurance industry to share the risk of insured losses on future 
acts of terrorism that are certified by the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury.  We are required to participate in the Terrorism Acts as a 
result of our commercial insurance business.  In addition, under the Terrorism Acts, terrorism coverage is mandatory for all primary 
workers' compensation policies. Insureds with non-workers' compensation commercial policies, however, have the option to accept 
or decline our terrorism coverage.  In 2014, over 90% of our commercial lines non-workers' compensation policyholders purchased 
terrorism coverage.  Although the Terrorism Acts mitigate our exposure to a large-scale terrorist attack, our deductible is substantial 
and losses could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity. 

In addition, some of the assets in our investment portfolio may be adversely affected by declines in the equity markets and 
economic activity caused by the continued threat of terrorism, ongoing military and other actions and heightened security measures. 
We cannot predict at this time the extent to which industry sectors in which we maintain investments may suffer losses as a result 
of potentially decreased commercial and economic activity, or how any such decrease might impact the ability of companies within 
the affected industry sectors to pay interest or principal on their securities, or how the value of any underlying collateral might be 
affected. 

Furthermore, our reinsurers could experience significant losses as a result of terrorist attacks, potentially jeopardizing their 
ability to pay losses ceded to them and reducing the availability of reinsurance.  Our current commercial property reinsurance 
excludes certified acts of foreign terrorism and loss due to nuclear, biological or chemical agents.

INVESTMENTS

The performance of our investment portfolios is subject to various investment risks, such as market, credit, concentration, 
liquidity, and interest rate risks.  Such risks could result in material adverse effects to our results of operations, cash flows and 
financial position.

Like other property and casualty insurance companies, we depend on income from our investment portfolio for a portion of 
our revenues and earnings and are therefore subject to market risk, credit risk, concentration risk, liquidity risk and the risk that 
we will incur losses due to adverse changes in equity, interest, commodity or foreign currency exchange rates and prices. Our 
primary market risk exposures are to changes in interest rates and equity prices. Continuation of the current low interest rate 
environment puts downward pressure on investment income. Future increases in interest rates could cause the values of our fixed 
income portfolios to decline, with the magnitude of the decline depending on the duration of our portfolio. Individual securities 
in our fixed income portfolio are subject to credit risk and default. Downgrades in the credit ratings of fixed maturities can have 
a significant negative effect on the market valuation of such securities. For example, budget strains on certain states and local 
governments could negatively affect the credit quality and ratings of their issued securities.

Our fixed income portfolio includes certain securities with call features permitting them to be redeemed by the issuers prior 
to stated maturity. Reinvestment risk exists with such securities as it may not be possible to reinvest the proceeds from the called 
securities at equivalent yields.

803Fin.pdf

30

If the fixed income or equity portfolios, or both, were to be impaired by market, sector or issuer-specific conditions to a 
substantial  degree,  our  liquidity,  financial  position  and  financial  results  could  be  materially  adversely  affected.  Under  these 
circumstances, our income from these investments could be materially reduced, and declines in the value of certain securities 
could further reduce our reported earnings and capital levels. A decrease in value of our investment portfolio could also put our 
insurance subsidiaries at risk of failing to satisfy regulatory minimum capital requirements. If we were not at that time able to 
supplement our subsidiaries’ capital from STFC or by issuing debt or equity securities on acceptable terms, our business could be 
materially adversely affected. Also, a decline in market rates of fixed income securities or a decline in the fair value of equity 
securities could cause the investments in our pension plans to decrease, resulting in additional expense and increasing required 
contributions to the pension plan.

In addition, our investments are subject to risks inherent in the nation’s and world’s capital markets. The functioning of those 
markets, the values of the investments held by us and our ability to liquidate investments on favorable terms or short notice may 
be adversely affected if those markets are disrupted or otherwise affected by local, national or international events, such as power 
outages, system failures, wars or terrorist attacks or by recessions or depressions, a significant change in inflation expectations, a 
significant devaluation of governmental or private sector credit, currencies or financial markets and other factors or events.

Changes in tax laws impacting marginal tax rates and/or the preferred tax treatment of municipal obligations under current 
law, could adversely affect the market value of municipal obligations. Since a significant portion of our investment portfolio is 
invested in tax-exempt municipal obligations, any such changes in tax law could adversely affect the value of the investment 
portfolio. Additionally, any such changes in tax law could reduce the difference between tax-exempt interest rates and taxable 
rates.

EMPLOYEES

Our ability to attract, develop and retain talented employees, managers and executives, and to maintain appropriate 
staffing levels, is critical to our success, as is our ability to effectively plan for the succession and transition of key executives 
and subject matter experts.

Our  success  depends  on  our  ability  to  attract,  train,  develop  and  retain  talented,  ethical,  diverse  employees,  including 
executives and other key managers in a specialized industry. The loss of certain key officers and employees or the failure to attract 
and develop talented new executives and managers could have a materially adverse effect on our business.  Effective succession 
planning is important to assure the timely, competent replacement of retiring or transitioning senior executives and other departing 
management talent and subject matter experts. 

Talent  management  is  a  key  consideration  in  our  specialty  insurance  segment,  which  requires  specialized  product 
underwriting, claims handling and risk management services and involves distribution through channels other than our retail 
agents.  Other business units also focus on specialized technical or analytical skills. 

Our success also depends on our ability to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our staff.  Our ability to do so may be 
impaired as a result of a variety of internal and external factors which affect employees and the employment marketplace, as well 
as our ability to recognize and respond to changing trends and other circumstances that affect our employees.  In addition, we 
must forecast the changing business environments (for multiple business units and in many geographic markets) with reasonable 
accuracy and adjust hiring programs and/or employment levels accordingly. Our failure to recognize the need for such adjustments, 
or the failure or inability to react appropriately on a timely basis, could lead either to over-staffing (which would adversely affect 
our cost structure) or under-staffing (impairing our ability to execute and effectively service our business) in one or more business 
units or locations. In either event, our financial results could be materially adversely affected.

CONTROL BY OUR PARENT COMPANY

State Auto Mutual owns a significant interest in us and may exercise its control in a manner detrimental to your interests.

As of December 31, 2014, State Auto Mutual owned approximately 62.5% of the voting power of our Company.  Therefore, 
State Auto Mutual has the power to direct our affairs and is able to determine the outcome of substantially all matters required to 
be submitted to shareholders for approval, including the election of all our directors. State Auto Mutual could exercise its control 
over us in a manner detrimental to the interests of other STFC shareholders.

COMPETITION

Our industry is highly competitive, which could adversely affect our sales and profitability.

The property and casualty insurance business is highly competitive, and we compete with a large number of other insurers. 
Many of our competitors have well-established national reputations and brands supported by extensive media advertising. Many 

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of our competitors have substantially greater financial, technical and operating resources and market share than us. We may not 
be able to effectively compete, which could adversely affect our sales and profitability. We believe that competition in our lines 
of  business  is  based  primarily  on  price,  service,  commission  structure,  product  features,  financial  strength  ratings,  producer 
relationships, reputation and name or brand recognition. Market developments such as usage-based auto insurance or new entrants 
into  the  insurance  marketplace  could  potentially  result  in  reduced  market  share  or  adverse  selection.  The  growth  in  mobile 
communications and the prominence of social media as a source of information for consumers are recent examples of significant 
developments  in  the  marketplace  which  may  adversely  affect  our  competitive  position.  Social  media,  for  example,  could  be 
potentially utilized in a manner which negatively affects our reputation with current or prospective policyholders and agents.

Our competitors sell through various distribution channels, including independent agents, captive agents and directly to the 
consumer. We compete not only for personal and business insurance customers, but also for independent agents and brokers to 
market and sell our products. Our specialty insurance segment faces competitors attempting to sell their products through the 
distribution system of wholesale brokers, program administrators and other specialty sources. Some of our competitors offer a 
broader array of products, have more competitive pricing or have higher claims paying ability ratings. In addition, other financial 
institutions are now able to offer services similar to our own as a result of the Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act.

The increased transparency that arises from information available from the use of tools such as comparative rater software, 
could work to our disadvantage. The competitive environment for certain lines of business, such as personal auto insurance, puts 
pressure on achieving sustainable profit margins. We may have difficulty differentiating our products or becoming among the 
lowest cost providers. Expense efficiencies are important to maintaining and increasing our growth and profitability. If we are 
unable to efficiently execute and realize future expense efficiencies, it could affect our ability to establish competitive pricing and 
could have a negative effect on new business growth and retention of existing policyholders.

VOLATILITY OF OUR COMMON STOCK

The price of our common stock could be volatile.

The trading price of our common stock may fluctuate substantially due to a variety of factors, some of which may not be 
related to our operating performance and are beyond our control. Such factors include, but are not limited to, the following: 
volatility and variations in our actual or anticipated operating results or changes in the expectations of financial market analysts; 
investor perceptions of our Company and/or the property and casualty industry; the number of shares outstanding, trading volume, 
market conditions in the insurance industry and any significant volatility in the market; and major catastrophic events.

CHANGES IN ACCOUNTING STANDARDS

Changes in accounting standards issued by the FASB or other standard-setting bodies may adversely affect our results 

of operations and financial condition.

Our financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP, FASB, AICPA and other accounting standard-setting bodies 
may periodically issue changes to, interpretations of or guidance with respect to GAAP. The adoption of such guidance may have 
an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial position. See Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements included 
in Item 8 of this Form 10-K regarding adoption of recent accounting pronouncements.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

Item 2. Properties

We share our operating facilities with State Auto Mutual pursuant to the terms of the 2005 Management Agreement. Our 
corporate  headquarters  are  located  in  Columbus,  Ohio,  in  buildings  owned  by  State Auto  Mutual  that  contain  approximately 
280,000 square feet of office space. Our Company and State Auto Mutual also own and lease other office facilities in numerous 
locations throughout the State Auto Group’s geographical areas of operation.

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

The following describes a pending class action legal proceeding in which we are a party:

In April 2013, a putative class action lawsuit (Schumacher vs. State Automobile Mutual Insurance Company, et al.) was 
filed against State Auto Mutual, State Auto Financial and State Auto P&C in Federal District Court in Ohio. Plaintiffs 
claim that in connection with the homeowners policies of various State Auto companies, the coverage limits and premiums 
were improperly increased as a result of an insurance to value (“ITV”) program and Plaintiffs allege that they purchased 

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coverage in excess of that which was necessary to insure them in the event of loss. Plaintiffs’ claims include breach of 
good faith and fair dealing, negligent misrepresentation and fraud, violation of the Ohio Deceptive Trade Practices Act, 
and fraudulent inducement. Plaintiffs sought compensatory and punitive damages to be determined by the court, as well 
as class certification.  On February 2, 2015, the Court struck the class allegations, and on February 13, 2015, the Court 
stayed the proceedings to allow the parties to engage in settlement discussions.  

The Company is involved in other lawsuits in the ordinary course of its business arising out of or otherwise related to its 
insurance policies. Additionally, from time to time the Company may be involved in lawsuits, including class actions, in the 
ordinary course of business but not arising out of or otherwise related to its insurance policies. These lawsuits are in various stages 
of development. The Company generally will contest these matters vigorously but may pursue settlement if appropriate. Based 
on currently available information, the Company does not believe it is reasonably possible that any such lawsuit or related lawsuits 
will be material to its results of operations or have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position or cash flows.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

803Fin.pdf

33

PART II
Item 5.  Market  for  the  Registrant’s  Common  Equity,  Related  Shareholder  Matters,  and  Issuer  Purchases  of  Equity 
Securities

Market Information; Holders of Record

Our common shares are traded on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol STFC.  As of February 27, 2015, 

there were 1,258 shareholders of record of our common shares.

Market Price Ranges and Dividends Declared on Common Shares

Initial Public Offering—June 28, 1991 – $2.25(1). The following table sets forth information with respect to the high and 
low sale prices of our common shares for each quarterly period for the past two years as reported by NASDAQ, along with the 
amount of cash dividends declared by us with respect to our common shares for each quarterly period for the past two years:

2014
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter

2013
First Quarter
Second Quarter
Third Quarter
Fourth Quarter

(1)      Adjusted for stock splits.

High

Low

Dividend

$

$

$

$

22.85
23.62
25.43
24.00

High

17.99
19.77
23.10
22.61

$

18.35
20.01
20.30
19.36

0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10

Low

Dividend

$

14.10
15.48
17.56
18.65

0.10
0.10
0.10
0.10

See Item 7 of this Form 10-K, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
—Liquidity and Capital Resources—Regulatory Considerations,” for information regarding regulatory restrictions on the payment 
of dividends to State Auto Financial by its insurance subsidiaries.

803Fin.pdf

34

Performance Graph

The line graph below compares the total return on $100.00 invested on December 31, 2009, in STFC’s shares, the CRSP 
Total Return Index for the NASDAQ Stock Market (“NASDAQ Index”), and the CRSP Total Return Index for NASDAQ insurance 
stocks (“NASDAQ Ins. Index”), with dividends reinvested.

STFC
NASDAQ Index
NASDAQ Ins. Index

12/31/2009

12/31/2010

12/31/2011

12/31/2012

12/31/2013

12/31/2014

100.00
100.00
100.00

97.67
118.15
118.13

79.44
117.22
124.81

90.68
137.90
145.69

131.73
193.29
191.08

140.38
221.96
211.24

803Fin.pdf

35

Item 6. Selected Consolidated Financial Data

(dollars and shares in millions, except per share data)

Year ended December 31

2014

2013

2012

2011*

2010*

Statement of Income Data — GAAP Basis:
Earned premiums
Net investment income
Total revenues
Net income (loss)
Earned premium growth
Return on average invested assets(1)
Balance Sheet Data — GAAP Basis:
Total investments
Total assets
Total notes payable
Total stockholders’ equity
Common shares outstanding
Return on average equity
Debt to capital ratio
Per Common Share Data — GAAP Basis:
Basic EPS
Diluted EPS
Cash dividends per share
Book value per share
Common Share Price:

High
Low

Close at December 31
Close price to book value per share
GAAP Ratios:
Loss and LAE ratio
Expense ratio
Combined ratio
Statutory Ratios:
Loss and LAE ratio
Expense ratio
Combined ratio
Net premiums written to surplus
(1)

Invested assets include investments and cash equivalents.

$ 1,074.1
$
74.7
$ 1,172.7
107.4
$

1.8%
3.5%

$ 2,357.9
$ 2,766.9
100.8
$
872.9
$
40.9
13.0%
10.4%

$
$
$
$

$
$
$

2.63
2.60
0.40
21.32

25.43
18.35
22.22
1.04

71.8%
33.7%
105.5%

71.6%
34.4%
106.0%
1.5

1,055.0
72.8
1,153.0
60.8
1.2
3.4

2,251.3
2,496.4
100.8
785.0
40.7
8.0
11.4

1.50
1.49
0.40
19.27

23.10
14.10
21.24
1.10

68.2
33.6
101.8

68.5
34.5
103.0
1.4

1,042.1
75.4
1,150.1
10.7
(27.1)
3.5

2,268.4
2,477.8
115.9
737.2
40.5
1.5
13.6

0.26
0.26
0.55
18.22

16.91
12.21
14.94
0.82

74.7
33.2
107.9

74.8
33.6
108.4
1.7

1,428.8
85.4
1,553.7
(160.7)
13.6
3.6

2,229.9
2,764.4
116.4
723.8
40.3
(20.7)
13.9

(4.00)
(4.00)
0.60
17.95

18.35
10.09
13.59
0.76

82.6
33.9
116.5

82.4
33.9
116.3
2.1

1,257.2
80.8
1,355.1
24.4
6.9
3.6

2,307.1
2,701.4
116.8
831.2
40.1
2.9
12.3

0.61
0.61
0.60
20.71

20.38
13.40
17.42
0.84

70.8
33.8
104.6

70.3
32.9
103.2
1.7

*

Reflects changes in Pooling Arrangement, effective December 31, 2011, January 1, 2011 and 2010.

Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Capitalized terms used in this Item 7 and not otherwise defined have the meanings ascribed to such terms under the caption 
“Important Defined Terms Used in this Form 10-K” which immediately precedes Part I of this Form 10-K. This discussion should 
be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K and the 
narrative description of our business contained in Item 1 of this Form 10-K.

OVERVIEW

State Auto Financial is a property and casualty insurance holding company. Our insurance subsidiaries are part of the State 
Auto Group and Pooling Arrangement described below. The State Auto Group markets its insurance products throughout the 
United States primarily through independent agencies, which include retail agencies and brokers. Our Pooled Companies are rated 
A (Excellent) by A.M. Best.

803Fin.pdf

36

State Auto Financial’s principal subsidiaries are State Auto P&C, Milbank and SA Ohio, each of which is a property and 

casualty insurance company, and Stateco, which provides investment management services to affiliated insurance companies.

Our  reportable insurance segments are personal insurance, business insurance and specialty insurance. These insurance 
segments are aligned with the reporting lines to our principal operating decision makers. Investment operations is also a reportable 
segment.  See “Personal and Business Insurance” and “Specialty Insurance” in Item 1 of this Form 10-K for more information 
about our insurance segments.

We evaluate the performance of our insurance segments using industry financial measurements determined under SAP and 
certain measures determined under GAAP. We evaluate our investment operations segment based on investment returns of assets 
managed. Financial information about our segments for 2014 is set forth in this Item 7 and in Note 15 to our consolidated financial 
statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. 

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Our 2014 results reflect a number of the actions we took in the fourth quarter of 2014 to address certain issues that impacted 
our financial performance in recent years and overshadowed improvement in our overall underwriting performance.  We replaced 
the  HO  QS Arrangement  (defined  and  described  below)  with  a  one  year  property  aggregate  excess  catastrophe  reinsurance 
agreement and entered into an adverse development cover ("ADC") reinsurance agreement to provide protection against adverse 
development related to the terminated RED restaurant program business in run-off.  We believe the ADC reinsurance agreement, 
combined with the actions taken to strengthen our RED reserves during 2014, reduces the likelihood of RED underwriting results 
materially impacting our future results.  In addition, our cumulative profitability since 2011, among other factors, led management 
to conclude that the valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets was no longer necessary.  As a result, the valuation 
allowance was reversed, resulting in increases to both GAAP equity and statutory surplus.  Finally, our 2014 results benefited 
from below average catastrophe losses and price increases across all lines and segments.

Replacement of HO QS Arrangement

The HO QS Arrangement, which was put in place in 2011, provided capital support and additional catastrophe protection 
over the past three years, over which time we undertook a number of actions aimed at improving the financial performance of our 
homeowners line.  See the “Personal Insurance Segment” discussion included in this Item 7 for further information.  Since 2011, 
the financial performance of our homeowners line improved due to the actions we undertook as well as improved weather.  We 
evaluated various reinsurance structures to replace the expired HO QS Arrangement, ultimately entering into a one-year property 
aggregate  excess  catastrophe  reinsurance  agreement  effective  January  1,  2015.    Because  we  believe  our  homeowners  line  is 
positioned to generate adequate margins to absorb weather volatility, we are not willing to cede those margins to reinsurers as we 
would under a quota share arrangement.  The one-year property aggregate excess catastrophe reinsurance agreement provides 
protection against significant downside earnings risk resulting from the occurrence of multiple catastrophe events such as those 
that materially impacted our 2011 results.  

RED Reserve Strengthening and ADC

For 2014, we strengthened loss and ALAE reserves related to the terminated RED program business in run-off by a total of 
$96.7 million, which included the net cost of the ADC reinsurance agreement.  The majority of the reserve strengthening related 
to the two largest terminated RED programs, the restaurant and commercial trucking programs.  In addition, the State Auto Group 
entered into the ADC reinsurance agreement to protect against adverse development of loss and ALAE reserves for the restaurant 
program.  The ADC reinsurance agreement provides the State Auto Group with $40.0 million of adverse development cover in 
excess of the restaurant program’s carried reserves at December 31, 2014.  

Net Deferred Tax Assets Valuation Allowance

Since the second quarter of 2011, STFC has carried a valuation allowance against its net deferred tax assets.  At December 
31, 2013, the was $82.6 million.  Management periodically evaluates STFC's deferred tax assets to determine if they are realizable 
based upon available evidence, both positive and negative.  When evaluating the ability to realize STFC's deferred tax assets at 
December 31, 2014, we focused on STFC’s recent profitability, including (i) three-year cumulative pre-tax income of $98.7 million; 
(ii) three consecutive years of pre-tax income; and (iii) expected future profitability.  We also considered the following factors, 
all of which were determined to have contributed to STFC’s profitability since 2011 and which we believe will contribute to future 
profitability:  (i)  the  improved  financial  performance  of  our  homeowners  line  since  2011,  (ii)  the  expiration  of  the  HO  QS 
Arrangement under which we ceded a certain portion of our homeowners underwriting profits to the participating reinsurers, (iii) 
the actions we took (including reserve strengthening and entering into an ADC reinsurance agreement protecting against the risk 
of further adverse development for one of the programs) with respect to the terminated RED program business, which significantly 
reduced our reported financial results since 2011, (iv) increased pricing, which has contributed to improved underwriting margins, 

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803Fin.pdf

and (v) profitable growth within our specialty insurance segment, excluding the terminated RED program business.  As a result 
of our evaluation of all of the above factors, we determined positive evidence outweighed negative evidence and concluded that 
the valuation allowance was no longer necessary.  Accordingly, the valuation allowance as of the beginning of 2014 was reversed, 
resulting in an income tax benefit of $82.6 million.  Management’s assessment of expected future profitability was based on 
management's opinion that 2014 and 2013 pre-tax operating profitability is a strong indicator of future profitability, along with 
the anticipated benefits from the expiration of the HO QS Arrangement and from the actions taken with respect to RED.

Personal Insurance

Remediation  efforts  in  our  homeowners  line  of  business  have  resulted  in  improved  loss  and  LAE  ratios,  higher  policy 
premiums and fewer retail agency relationships.  While these efforts resulted in declines in new business for both our homeowners 
and personal auto lines, renewal retention for those lines has remained stable.  We are working to stabilize production and promote 
new business growth in these lines through the introduction of new marketing initiatives targeting our “prime of life” consumer 
base, but we do not anticipate these efforts to result in meaningful direct written premium growth until 2016.

Although our results were favorably impacted by fewer and less severe catastrophe events during the year, our goal is to 
achieve  strong  underwriting  profitability  through  disciplined  underwriting,  responsive  and  adequate  pricing  and  superior 
performance levels in our claim organization.

Business Insurance

Our 2014 business insurance net written premiums increased 3.8% when compared to 2013 as a result of focusing our 
underwriting efforts on larger risks with higher average premiums.  This segment’s 2014 net loss and ALAE and expense ratios 
remained the same when compared to 2013.  Business insurance underwriting results for the first half of 2014 were impacted by 
a combination of harsh weather and an increased frequency in large fire losses, primarily related to our Business Owner’s Policy 
("BOP") product.  In response, we identified several classes of business and larger premium accounts that disproportionately 
impacted our underwriting performance, stopped writing certain classes of business, and reduced the marketing of our BOP product 
to accounts with premium greater than $25,000.  

Specialty Insurance

We  have  experienced  steady  premium  growth  and  solid  underwriting  performance  in  our  specialty  insurance  segment, 
excluding the impact of the terminated RED program business.  Our E&S property and E&S casualty units have both produced 
strong and consistent underwriting performance.  Our E&S property unit has benefited from disciplined underwriting and fewer 
than normal catastrophe events, particularly in Florida where the majority of this business is written.  Our E&S casualty unit 
benefited from organic growth as a result of the additions of underwriters in more geographic locations and the 2014 acquisition 
of Partners General Insurance Agency, a managing general underwriter, by our parent State Auto Mutual. This acquisition should 
continue to provide growth opportunities in 2015.   

In our workers’ compensation unit, we focus on a two-pronged “barbell” strategy, with approximately one-half of the our 
underwriting efforts focused on the “debit mod” market, targeting accounts with premiums in excess of $100,000, and the other 
half focused on “four wall” classes of business with premiums less than $25,000.  This strategy continues to produce strong 
underwriting performance and we continue to see opportunities to expand into new states and to broaden our distribution network.  

Going forward, we believe that our Program business should generate improved underwriting results given our small-to-
medium account and association business focus in select states, strong underwriting and claim controls, and rigorous pricing 
discipline.

Claims

We  have  completed  the  transformation  of  our  claim  operations  by  redesigning  business  processes,  restructuring  the 
organization, reducing reliance on third-party vendors, and implementing a new technology platform. We believe that we are now 
positioned to capitalize on these investments by using analytics to improve our fraud detection, improve our first notice of loss 
handling, and identify opportunities to improve customer service and speed.

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Operations

At the end of 2014, we completed a new sourcing arrangement with a third party that assumed responsibility for maintaining 
all legacy system applications. This arrangement will allow our IT associates to focus on higher priority strategic initiatives to 
replace all of our legacy policy administration and billing systems with a new Guidewire platform. The initiatives will take several 
years to complete and will begin in 2015 with the development and installation of new agent portals designed to improve customer 
service, enhance productivity and should improve the efficiency with which we quote, bind, issue and service our policies.

Moving forward

We remain a company focused on the property and casualty insurance business, committed to distributing our products 
through independent agents and brokers, and positioned to enhance the security and financial interests of our policyholders and 
shareholders by growing book value and surplus through our strong underwriting performance. 

POOLING ARRANGEMENT

The STFC Pooled Companies and the Mutual Pooled Companies participate in a quota share reinsurance pooling arrangement 
referred to as the “Pooling Arrangement.” Under the Pooling Arrangement, State Auto Mutual assumes premiums, losses and 
expenses from each of the Pooled Companies and in turn cedes to each of the Pooled Companies a specified portion of premiums, 
losses and expenses based on each of the Pooled Companies’ respective pooling percentages. State Auto Mutual then retains the 
balance of the pooled business.

The following table sets forth the participants and their participation percentages in the Pooling Arrangement.  Except as 

otherwise noted, there were no changes to the participants or to their participation percentages during 2014.

STFC Pooled Companies:
State Auto P&C
Milbank
SA Ohio

Total STFC Pooled Companies
State Auto Mutual Pooled Companies:

51.0%
14.0
0.0
65.0

State Auto Mutual(1)
SA Wisconsin
Meridian Security
Patrons Mutual
RIC
Plaza
American Compensation
Bloomington Compensation

34.5
0.0
0.0
0.5
0.0
0.0
0.0
0.0
35.0%
Includes the pooling participation percentage of Meridian Citizens Mutual which was 
merged into State Auto Mutual as of the close of business on July 2, 2014.  Meridian 
Citizen Mutual's pooling participation percentage was 0.5% from January 1, 2011 to 
July 2, 2014.

Total State Auto Mutual Pooled Companies
(1)

We anticipate that the STFC Pooled Companies will maintain a 65% participation percentage in the Pooling Arrangement 
for the foreseeable future. However, under applicable governance procedures, if the Pooling Arrangement were to be amended, 
management would make recommendations to the Independent Committees of the Board of Directors of both State Auto Mutual 
and STFC. The Independent Committees review and evaluate such factors as they deem relevant and recommend any appropriate 
pooling change to the Board of Directors of both State Auto Mutual and STFC subject to regulatory approval by each participant’s 
respective domiciliary insurance department. The Pooling Arrangement is terminable by any of our Pooled Companies at any time 
by any party by giving twelve months’ notice to the other parties and their respective domiciliary insurance departments. None of 
our Pooled Companies currently intends to terminate the Pooling Arrangement.

Under the terms of the Pooling Arrangement, all subject premiums, incurred losses, loss expenses and other underwriting 
expenses are prorated among our Pooled Companies on the basis of their participation in the pool. By spreading the underwriting 
risk, the Pooling Arrangement is designed to produce more uniform and stable underwriting results for each of our Pooled Companies 
than any one company would experience individually. This has the effect of providing each of our Pooled Companies with a similar 
mix of pooled property and casualty insurance business on a net basis.

803Fin.pdf

39

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Summary

The following table sets forth certain key performance indicators we use to monitor our operations for the years ended 

December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

($ millions, except per share data)

2014

2013

2012

GAAP Basis:

Total revenues

Net income

Stockholders’ equity

Book value per share

Return on average equity

Debt to capital ratio

Cat loss and ALAE ratio

Non-cat loss and LAE ratio

Loss and LAE ratio

Expense ratio

Combined ratio

Premiums written growth

Investment yield

SAP Basis:

Cat loss and ALAE points

Non-cat loss and ALAE

ULAE

Loss and LAE ratio

Expense ratio

Combined ratio

Net premiums written to surplus

$

$

$

$

1,172.7

107.4

872.9

21.32

$

$

$

$

1,153.0

60.8

785.0

19.27

$

$

$

$

1,150.1

10.7

737.2

18.22

13.0%

10.4%

3.0%

68.8%

71.8%

33.7%

105.5%

12.4%

3.5%

3.0%

62.1%

6.5%

71.6%

34.4%

8.0%

11.4%

3.4%

64.8%

68.2%

33.6%

101.8%

0.6%

3.4%

3.4%

58.6%

6.5%

68.5%

34.5%

1.5 %

13.6 %

6.4 %

68.3 %

74.7 %

33.2 %

107.9 %

(17.8)%

3.5 %

6.4 %

61.7 %

6.7 %

74.8 %

33.6 %

106.0%

103.0%

108.4 %

1.5

1.4

1.7

Our  2014  net  income  was  $107.4  million  compared  to  2013  and  2012  net  income  of  $60.8  million  and  $10.7  million, 
respectively.  Our 2014 net income included a non-cash income tax benefit of $82.6 million related to the reversal of a valuation 
allowance against our net deferred tax assets.  

The following highlights significant factors that impacted 2014 results as compared to 2013 and 2012:

• 

• 

• 

• 

Earned premiums in 2014 were $1,074.1 million compared to $1,055.0 million and $1,042.1 million in 2013 and 
2012, respectively.  Earned premium growth in 2014 was driven by higher average new business premium, increased 
renewal pricing, and the addition of new distribution relationships. 

The  2014  catastrophe  loss  ratio  was  3.0%  compared  to  3.4%  and  6.4%  for  2013  and  2012,  respectively.    The 
improvement was primarily the result of fewer and less severe catastrophe events during 2014. 

The SAP non-catastrophe loss and ALAE ratio for 2014 was 62.1% compared to 58.6% and 61.7% for 2013 and 
2012, respectively.  The ratios were impacted by strengthening RED reserves within the specialty insurance segment 
by $96.7 million, which included the net cost of the ADC reinsurance agreement, in 2014, $21.3 million in 2013 and 
$30.5 million in 2012.  In addition, the HO QS Arrangement increased our SAP non-catastrophe loss and ALAE 
ratio 3.4 points in 2014, 2.8 points in 2013 and 2.3 points in 2012.

Our 2014 net income was favorably impacted by the recognition of $19.0 million of profit commission from the HO 
QS Arrangement.  The HO QS Arrangement reduced our GAAP expense ratio by 0.9 points in 2014 and increased 
our GAAP expense ratios by 0.6 points in 2013 and 2012, respectively. 

40

803Fin.pdf

Insurance Segments

We measure our top-line growth for our insurance segments based on net written premiums, which provide us with an 
indication of how well we are doing in terms of revenue growth before it is actually earned. Our policies provide a fixed amount 
of coverage for a stated period of time, often referred to as the “policy term.” As such, our written premiums are recognized as 
earned ratably over the policy term. The unearned portion of written premiums, called unearned premiums, is reflected on our 
balance sheet as a liability and represents our obligation to provide coverage for the unexpired term of the policies.

Insurance industry regulators require our insurance subsidiaries to report their financial condition and results of operations 
using SAP. We use SAP financial results, along with industry standard financial measures determined on a SAP basis and certain 
measures determined on a GAAP basis, to internally monitor the performance of our insurance segments and reward our employees.

One of the more significant differences between GAAP and SAP is that SAP requires all underwriting expenses to be expensed 
immediately and not deferred over the same period that the premium is earned. In converting SAP underwriting results to GAAP 
underwriting results, acquisition costs are deferred and amortized over the periods the related written premiums are earned. For 
a discussion of deferred acquisition costs, see “Critical Accounting Policies—Deferred Acquisition Costs” section included in this 
Item 7.

The accounting for pension benefits also contributes to the difference between our GAAP loss and expense ratios and our 
SAP loss and expense ratios. At January 1, 2013, we adopted new SAP pension guidance, which required the recognition of service 
costs for non-vested participants. In accordance with GAAP, service costs related to non-vested participants were recognized over 
a two year vesting period ending December 31, 2014. See “Critical Accounting Policies – Pension and Postretirement Benefit 
Obligations section included in this Item 7.  

All references to financial measures or components thereof in this discussion are calculated on a GAAP basis, unless otherwise 

noted.

Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures

In the following discussion of the results of our insurance segments, we sometimes refer to GAAP financial measures in the 
context of “as reported” and to non-GAAP financial measures in the context of “pro forma.” These pro forma, or non-GAAP 
financial measures, may (i) exclude the impact of the HO QS Arrangement cession for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 
and  2012,  (ii) exclude  the  one-time  impact  of  the  unearned  premium  transfer  associated  with  the  termination  of  the  HO  QS 
Arrangement at December 31, 2014, (iii) exclude the impact of the unearned premium transfer associated with the termination of 
the umbrella quota share reinsurance agreement for the year ended December 31, 2012, and (iv) exclude the impact of the terminated 
RED program business, which is in run-off.  We believe the use of these non-GAAP financial measures will enable investors to 
(a) better understand the impact of the reinsurance arrangement cession on our reported results for the years ended December 31, 
2014, 2013 and 2012, and (b) perform a meaningful comparison of our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 
2014, 2013 and 2012. We have also included Reconciliation Tables 1-9 and Tables 1-6 for readers to better understand the use and 
calculation of these non-GAAP financial measures.

Homeowners Quota Share Arrangement

To reduce risk and volatility, while at the same time providing us with additional catastrophe reinsurance protection, the 
State Auto Group entered into a quota share reinsurance agreement on December 31, 2011 with a syndicate of unaffiliated reinsurers 
covering its homeowners line of business (the “HO QS Arrangement”). Under the HO QS Arrangement, the State Auto Group 
ceded to the reinsurers 75% of its homeowners business under policies in force at December 31, 2011 and new and renewal policies 
thereafter issued during the term of the agreement. The HO QS Arrangement expired on December 31, 2014.  Upon expiration, 
the Company recognized $89.5 million of unearned premium returned from the reinsurers. In accordance with the terms of the 
HO QS Arrangement, the participating reinsurers’ margin was capped at 9.0%, with any excess returned to the State Auto Group 
in the form of a profit commission.  For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company recognized $19.0 million of profit 
commission, which is reflected as a reduction in acquisition and operating expenses on our consolidated statements of income. 

See “Liquidity and Capital Resources – Reinsurance Arrangements” included in this Item 7 for a more detailed discussion 

of the HO QS Arrangement. 

The following tables set forth, on a GAAP and pro forma basis, certain of our key performance indicators before and after 

the impact of the HO QS Arrangement cession for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.

803Fin.pdf

41

GAAP HO QS Arrangement Cession -
 Overall Results

As Reported
1,194.2

$

HO QS Cession
$

83.3

Pro Forma
without HO QS
Cession

$

1,277.5

1,074.1

175.6

1,249.7

$

32.3
739.0
771.3
361.9
(59.1)

3.0%
68.8%
71.8%
33.7%
105.5%

$

19.0
66.8
85.8
70.0
19.8

10.8%
38.1%
48.9%
39.8%
88.7%

51.3
805.8
857.1
431.9
(39.3)

4.1%
64.5%
68.6%
34.6%
103.2%

GAAP HO QS Arrangement Cession -
 Overall Results

As Reported
1,062.1

$

HO QS Cession
176.9
$

Pro Forma
without HO QS
Cession

$

1,239.0

1,055.0

177.0

1,232.0

$

36.3
683.5
719.8
354.8
(19.6)

3.4%
64.8%
68.2%
33.6%
101.8%

$

22.7
70.0
92.7
51.4
32.9

12.9%
39.5%
52.4%
29.0%
81.4%

59.0
753.5
812.5
406.2
13.3

4.8%
61.2%
66.0%
33.0%
99.0%

Reconciliation Table 1

($ millions)

December 31, 2014
Net written premiums

Earned premiums
Losses and LAE incurred:
Cat loss and ALAE
Non-cat loss and LAE

Total Loss and LAE incurred

Acquisition and operating expenses
Net underwriting (loss) income

$

Cat loss and ALAE ratio
Non-cat loss and LAE ratio

Total Loss and LAE ratio

Expense ratio
Combined ratio

Reconciliation Table 2

($ millions)

December 31, 2013
Net written premiums

Earned premiums
Losses and LAE incurred:
Cat loss and ALAE
Non-cat loss and LAE

Total Loss and LAE incurred

Acquisition and operating expenses
Net underwriting (loss) income

$

Cat loss and ALAE ratio
Non-cat loss and LAE ratio

Total Loss and LAE ratio

Expense ratio
Combined ratio

803Fin.pdf

42

Reconciliation Table 3

($ millions)

December 31, 2012
Net written premiums

Earned premiums
Losses and LAE incurred:
Cat loss and ALAE
Non-cat loss and LAE

Total Loss and LAE incurred

Acquisition and operating expenses
Net underwriting loss

$

Cat loss and ALAE ratio
Non-cat loss and LAE ratio

Total Loss and LAE ratio

Expense ratio
Combined ratio

GAAP HO QS Arrangement Cession -
 Overall Results

As Reported
1,055.3

$

HO QS Cession
172.3
$

Pro Forma
without HO QS
Cession

$

1,227.6

1,042.1

166.2

1,208.3

$

67.1
711.2
778.3
345.9
(82.1)

6.4%
68.3%
74.7%
33.2%
107.9%

$

49.5
74.5
124.0
48.2
(6.0)

29.8%
44.8%
74.6%
29.0%
103.6%

116.6
785.7
902.3
394.1
(88.1)

9.6%
65.0%
74.6%
32.6%
107.2%

  The following tables set forth, on a SAP and pro forma basis, certain of our key performance indicators before and after 

the impact of the HO QS Arrangement cession for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 and 2012.

SAP HO QS Arrangement Cession—
Overall Results

As Reported
1,194.2

$

HO QS Cession
$

83.3

Pro Forma
without HO QS
Cession

$

1,277.5

1,074.1

175.6

1,249.7

$

32.3
666.9
699.2
69.4
768.6
411.3
(105.8)

3.0%
62.1%
65.1%
6.5%
71.6%
34.4%
106.0%

$

19.0
66.8
85.8
—
85.8
43.2
46.6

10.8%
38.1%
48.9%
—%
48.9%
51.9%
100.8%

51.3
733.7
785.0
69.4
854.4
454.5
(59.2)

4.1%
58.7%
62.8%
5.6%
68.4%
35.6%
104.0%

Reconciliation Table 4

($ millions)

December 31, 2014
Net written premiums

Earned premiums
Losses and LAE incurred:
Cat loss and ALAE
Non-cat loss and ALAE

Total Loss and ALAE

ULAE

Total Loss and LAE incurred

Underwriting expenses
Net underwriting (loss) income

$

Cat loss and ALAE ratio
Non-cat loss and ALAE ratio

Total loss and ALAE ratio

ULAE ratio

Total loss and LAE ratio

Expense ratio
Combined ratio

803Fin.pdf

43

Reconciliation Table 5

($ millions)

December 31, 2013
Net written premiums

Earned premiums
Losses and LAE incurred:
Cat loss and ALAE
Non-cat loss and ALAE

Total Loss and ALAE

ULAE

Total Loss and LAE incurred

Underwriting expenses
Net underwriting (loss) income

$

Cat loss and ALAE ratio
Non-cat loss and ALAE ratio

Total loss and ALAE ratio

ULAE ratio

Total loss and LAE ratio

Expense ratio
Combined ratio

Reconciliation Table 6

($ millions)

December 31, 2012
Net written premiums

Earned premiums
Losses and LAE incurred:
Cat loss and ALAE
Non-cat loss and ALAE

Total Loss and ALAE

ULAE

Total Loss and LAE incurred

Underwriting expenses
Net underwriting loss

$

Cat loss and ALAE ratio
Non-cat loss and ALAE ratio

Total loss and ALAE ratio

ULAE ratio

Total loss and LAE ratio

Expense ratio
Combined ratio

SAP HO QS Arrangement Cession—
Overall Results

As Reported
1,062.1

$

HO QS Cession
176.9
$

Pro Forma
without HO QS
Cession

$

1,239.0

1,055.0

177.0

1,232.0

$

36.3
617.7
654.0
68.7
722.7
366.3
(34.0)

3.4%
58.6%
62.0%
6.5%
68.5%
34.5%
103.0%

$

22.7
70.0
92.7
—
92.7
51.3
33.0

12.9%
39.5%
52.4%
—%
52.4%
29.0%
81.4%

59.0
687.7
746.7
68.7
815.4
417.6
(1.0)

4.8%
55.8%
60.6%
5.6%
66.2%
33.7%
99.9%

SAP HO QS Arrangement Cession—
Overall Results

As Reported
1,055.3

$

HO QS Cession
172.3
$

Pro Forma
without HO QS
Cession

$

1,227.6

1,042.1

166.2

1,208.3

$

67.1
643.0
710.1
68.9
779.0
355.1
(92.0)

6.4%
61.7%
68.1%
6.7%
74.8%
33.6%
108.4%

$

49.5
74.5
124.0
—
124.0
50.0
(7.8)

29.8%
44.8%
74.6%
—%
74.6%
29.0%
103.6%

116.6
717.5
834.1
68.9
903.0
405.1
(99.8)

9.6%
59.4%
69.0%
5.7%
74.7%
33.0%
107.7%

See additional pro forma reconciliation tables for the HO QS Arrangement cession on our homeowners line of business 

at Reconciliation Tables 7-9.

803Fin.pdf

44

Summary of Key Indicators of Insurance Segment Results

The following table sets forth certain key performance indicators for our insurance segments for the years ended December 31, 

2014, 2013 and 2012:

($ millions)

Written premiums(1) 
Earned premiums
Cat loss and ALAE
Non-cat loss and ALAE
ULAE
Underwriting expenses(2) 
SAP underwriting loss and SAP
combined ratio

($ millions)

Written premiums
Earned premiums
Cat loss and ALAE
Non-cat loss and ALAE
ULAE
Underwriting expenses
SAP underwriting loss and SAP
combined ratio

($ millions)

Written premiums
Earned premiums
Cat loss and ALAE
Non-cat loss and ALAE
ULAE
Underwriting expenses
SAP underwriting loss and SAP
combined ratio

2014

Personal

%
Ratio

Business

%
Ratio

$

532.1
451.4
13.9
260.9
43.5
144.8

$

3.1
57.8
9.6
27.2

389.2
381.8
16.5
196.7
18.1
159.0

4.3
51.5
4.7
40.9

$

Specialty
272.9
240.9
1.9
209.3
7.8
107.5

%
Ratio

Total(3)

%
Ratio

$

1,194.2
1,074.1
32.3
666.9
69.4
411.3

0.8
86.9
3.3
39.4

3.0
62.1
6.5
34.4

$

(11.7)

97.7

$

(8.5)

101.4

$

(85.6)

130.4

$

(105.8)

106.0

Personal

%
Ratio

Business

$

465.4
464.0
14.0
285.8
42.4
134.4

$

3.0
61.6
9.1
28.9

374.8
364.2
20.9
181.9
19.0
152.6

%
Ratio

2013

$

5.7
50.0
5.2
40.7

Specialty

%
Ratio

Total(3)

%
Ratio

221.9
226.8
1.4
150.0
7.3
79.3

$

1,062.1
1,055.0
36.3
617.7
68.7
366.3

0.6
66.2
3.2
35.7

3.4
58.6
6.5
34.5

$

(12.6)

102.6

$

(10.2)

101.6

$

(11.2)

105.7

$

(34.0)

103.0

Personal

%
Ratio

Business

$

469.5
469.8
26.9
276.7
41.2
126.6

$

5.7
58.9
8.8
27.0

349.4
327.2
37.8
165.7
19.0
147.0

%
Ratio

2012

$

11.5
50.7
5.8
42.1

Specialty

%
Ratio

Total(3)

%
Ratio

236.4
245.1
2.4
200.6
8.7
81.5

$

1,055.3
1,042.1
67.1
643.0
68.9
355.1

1.0
81.8
3.5
34.4

6.4
61.7
6.7
33.6

$

(1.6)

100.4

$

(42.3)

110.1

$

(48.1)

120.7

$

(92.0)

108.4

(1)

(2)

Includes $89.5 million of unearned premiums received by the STFC Pooled Companies on December 31, 2014 related to the expiration of the HO QS 
Arrangement.

Includes  ceding  commissions  returned  to  reinsurers  upon  expiration  of  the  HO  QS Arrangement  of  $26.0  million  and  recognition  of  $19.0  of  profit 
commission.

(3) See Reconciliation Tables 4, 5 and 6 for the impact of the HO QS Arrangement cession on our SAP underwriting results.

803Fin.pdf

45

  
  
Personal Insurance Segment

The following table sets forth the net written premiums by major product line of business for our personal insurance segment 

for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.

Table 1

($ millions)
Net Written Premiums
Personal auto
Homeowners(1)
Other personal

Total personal

2014

2013

2012

$

$

354.4
146.4
31.3
532.1

$

$

377.2
58.8
29.4
465.4

$

$

383.6
56.5
29.4
469.5

(1)  December 31, 2014 net written premiums include $89.5 million of unearned premiums received by the STFC 
Pooled Companies on December 31, 2014 related to the expiration of the HO QS Arrangement.

The following table sets forth the SAP loss and ALAE ratios by major product line of business for our personal insurance 
segment with the catastrophe and non-catastrophe impact shown separately for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 
2012:

Table 2

($ millions)

Statutory Loss and LAE Ratios
2014
Personal auto
Homeowners
Other personal

Total personal

ULAE
Total Loss and LAE

2013
Personal auto
Homeowners
Other personal

Total personal

ULAE
Total Loss and LAE

2012
Personal auto
Homeowners
Other personal

Total personal

ULAE
Total Loss and LAE

Earned
Premium

Cat Loss
& ALAE

Non-Cat
Loss &
ALAE

Statutory
Loss &
LAE

Cat
loss
Ratio

Non-Cat
Loss &          

ALAE Ratio

Total Loss
and LAE
Ratio

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

362.6
58.8
30.0
451.4
—
451.4

378.4
56.1
29.5
464.0
—
464.0

382.0
59.7
28.1
469.8
—
469.8

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

7.0
5.5
1.4
13.9
—
13.9

4.6
6.8
2.6
14.0
—
14.0

10.7
8.5
7.7
26.9
—
26.9

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

228.6
21.3
11.0
260.9
—
260.9

253.0
20.9
11.9
285.8
—
285.8

242.5
23.2
11.0
276.7
—
276.7

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

235.6
26.8
12.4
274.8
43.5
318.3

257.6
27.7
14.5
299.8
42.4
342.2

253.2
31.7
18.7
303.6
41.2
344.8

1.9
9.4
4.5
3.1
—
3.1

1.2
12.2
8.6
3.0
—
3.0

2.8
14.3
27.4
5.7
—
5.7

63.1
36.1
36.9
57.8
—
57.8

66.9
37.4
40.5
61.6
—
61.6

63.4
38.9
39.3
58.9
—
58.9

65.0
45.5
41.4
60.9
9.6
70.5

68.1
49.6
49.1
64.6
9.1
73.7

66.2
53.2
66.7
64.6
8.8
73.4

803Fin.pdf

46

 
The personal insurance segment's net written premiums increased 14.3% compared to the same 2013 period (Table 1).  Net 
written premiums for the year ended December 31, 2014 reflect the expiration of the HO QS Arrangement, effective December 
31, 2014, which resulted in a return of $89.5 million of unearned premium previously ceded under the agreement.  Excluding the 
impact of the homeowners cession and the expiration of the HO QS Arrangement, pro forma net written premiums decreased 
4.2%(1) , primarily due to a decline in the personal auto net written premiums of 6.0% compared to the same 2013 period (Table 
1).  The decline in personal auto net written premiums was primarily the result of continued efforts to improve personal auto 
profitability, as well as the continued remediation of our homeowners line of business that included, among other things, pricing 
and agency management actions. 

(1)  

For the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, the following table sets forth the reconciliation of as reported net written 
premiums to pro forma net written premiums that exclude the impact of the return of unearned premium associated with the termination of the 
HO QS Arrangement:

($ millions)

Net written premiums:

2014

2013

%
Change

Personal insurance segment

$

532.1

$

Homeowners cession

Return of ceded premium

172.8

(89.5)

465.4

176.9

—

Pro forma net written premiums

$

615.4

$

642.3

14.3

(2.3)

—

(4.2)

We continue to utilize the following additional strategies to improve our homeowners results:

•  CustomFitSM homeowners: Since 2011, we have rolled out CustomFit, our by-peril rating approach, in all states 

except North Carolina (which has regulatory restrictions).  

• 

Insurance to value: We continue to focus on insurance to value so that our insureds maintain an amount of coverage 
sufficient to replace their home and contents in the case of a total loss. Proper insurance to value ensures that our 
premiums are commensurate with our loss exposure.  During 2013, we integrated our insurance to value review with 
our underwriting workflow.  We deployed a model that allows us to identify homeowner risks that have a high 
probability of having insurance to value gaps.  This model allows us to optimize our insurance to value reports, which 
has led to additional cost savings. 

•  Wind and hail deductibles: We continue to analyze each state's wind and hail deductible, and all peril deductibles, 
at each annual rate review, making adjustments where necessary. We have implemented mandatory wind and hail 
deductibles in all targeted catastrophe prone states.  

These actions have led to a reduction in companion automobile policies as a high percentage of our auto and homeowners 
policies are cross-sold.  In an effort to attract new personal auto business, we introduced a new "Start-up Discount" in 2014 that 
recognizes longevity with the insured's previous carrier.  The Start-up Discount was introduced in 18 states as of December 31, 
2014, and we plan to introduce it in the remaining states by the end of 2015.  

The personal insurance segment's SAP catastrophe loss ratio for the year ended December 31, 2014 was 3.1%, compared 
to 3.0% and 5.7% for the same 2013 and 2012 periods, respectively.  The personal auto SAP catastrophe loss ratio increased 
slightly compared to the same 2013 period (Table 2), primarily due to catastrophe events in Colorado and Texas during 2014.  
Partially offsetting the  personal auto increase were improvements in both the as reported homeowners and other personal SAP 
catastrophe  loss  ratios  of  2.8  points  and  4.1  points,  respectively,  when  compared  to  the  same  2013  period  (Table  2).    The 
improvements were attributable to a combination of successful remediation efforts in our homeowners line of business, where we 
have reduced our exposure in previously identified unprofitable states, and fewer and less severe catastrophe events during the 
year as compared to the same 2013 and 2012 periods, respectively.  The 2013 SAP catastrophe loss ratio improved as a result of 
underwriting actions, rate increases and a return to better weather patterns when compared to 2012, when catastrophe losses were 
primarily related to a tornado, wind and hail activity in Louisville, Kentucky, and St. Louis, Missouri and wind activity from a 
storm in the Midwest and Mid-Atlantic states. 

The personal insurance segment’s SAP non-catastrophe loss and ALAE ratio for the year ended December 31, 2014 was 
57.8%,  compared to 61.6% and 58.9% for the same 2013 and 2012 periods (Table 2).  The 2014 improvement was primarily 
driven by the personal auto SAP non-catastrophe loss & ALAE ratio decline of 3.8 points compared to the same 2013 period (Table 
2), as a result of improved personal injury protection and physical damage results, as well as the impact of prior year rate increases.  
In addition, our pricing and agency management actions in Arizona, Colorado, Georgia, Illinois and Michigan have reversed the 
unfavorable loss ratio trends in those states. Our remediation efforts in these five states will continue in 2015.

47

803Fin.pdf

The following tables set forth, on a SAP and pro forma basis, certain of our key performance indicators for the homeowners 
line of business before and after the impact of the HO QS Arrangement cession for the year ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 
and 2012:

SAP HO QS Arrangement Cession
– Homeowners

As
Reported

HO QS
Cession

Pro-Forma
without
HO QS
Cession

$

146.4

$

83.3

$

229.7

58.8

5.5
21.3
26.8

9.4%
36.1%
45.5%

$

175.6

19.0
66.8
85.8

10.8%
38.1%
48.9%

$

234.4

24.5
88.1
112.6

10.5%
37.6%
48.1%

SAP HO QS Arrangement Cession
– Homeowners

As
Reported

HO QS
Cession

$

58.8

$

176.9

$

56.1

6.8
20.9
27.7

12.2%
37.4%
49.6%

$

177.0

22.7
70.0
92.7

12.9%
39.5%
52.4%

$

Pro-Forma
without
HO QS
Cession

235.7

233.1

29.5
90.9
120.4

12.7%
39.0%
51.7%

Reconciliation Table 7

($ millions)

December 31, 2014
Net written premiums

Earned premiums
Losses and LAE incurred:
Cat loss and ALAE
Non-cat loss and ALAE

Total Loss and ALAE incurred

$

Cat loss and ALAE ratio
Non-cat loss and ALAE ratio
Total Loss and ALAE ratio

Reconciliation Table 8

($ millions)

December 31, 2013
Net written premiums

Earned premiums
Losses and LAE incurred:
Cat loss and ALAE
Non-cat loss and ALAE

Total Loss and ALAE incurred

$

Cat loss and ALAE ratio
Non-cat loss and ALAE ratio
Total Loss and ALAE ratio

803Fin.pdf

48

Reconciliation Table 9

($ millions)

December 31, 2012
Net written premiums

Earned premiums
Losses and LAE incurred:
Cat loss and ALAE
Non-cat loss and ALAE

Total Loss and ALAE incurred

$

Cat loss and ALAE ratio
Non-cat loss and ALAE ratio
Total Loss and ALAE ratio

Business Insurance Segment

SAP HO QS Arrangement Cession
– Homeowners

As
Reported

HO QS
Cession

$

56.5

$

172.3

$

Pro-Forma
without
HO QS
Cession

228.8

225.9

58.0
97.7
155.7

25.7%
43.2%
68.9%

59.7

8.5
23.2
31.7

14.3%
38.9%
53.2%

$

166.2

49.5
74.5
124.0

29.8%
44.8%
74.6%

$

The following table sets forth the net written premiums by major product line of business for our business insurance segment 

for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.

Table 3

($ millions)
Net Written Premiums
Commercial auto
Commercial multi-peril
Fire & allied lines
Other & product liability
Other commercial
Total business

2014

2013

2012

$

$

101.8
121.4
76.9
71.4
17.7
389.2

$

$

96.2
113.5
77.8
69.5
17.8
374.8

$

$

88.4
101.1
75.6
66.5
17.8
349.4

803Fin.pdf

49

The following table sets forth the SAP loss and ALAE ratios by major product line of business for our business insurance 
segment with the catastrophe and non-catastrophe impact shown separately for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 
2012:

Table 4

($ millions)

Statutory Loss and LAE Ratios
2014
Commercial auto
Commercial multi-peril
Fire & allied lines
Other & product liability
Other commercial
Total business

ULAE
Total Loss and LAE

2013
Commercial auto
Commercial multi-peril
Fire & allied lines
Other & product liability
Other commercial
Total business

ULAE
Total Loss and LAE

2012
Commercial auto
Commercial multi-peril
Fire & allied lines
Other & product liability
Other commercial
Total business

ULAE
Total Loss and LAE

Earned
Premium

Cat Loss
& ALAE

Non-Cat
Loss &
ALAE

Statutory
Loss &
LAE

Cat
loss
Ratio

Non-Cat
loss
Ratio

Total Loss
and LAE
Ratio

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

98.5
118.0
77.4
70.2
17.7
381.8
—
381.8

93.0
108.1
77.0
68.0
18.1
364.2
—
364.2

81.4
94.3
74.5
59.3
17.7
327.2
—
327.2

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

0.8
7.0
8.7
—
—
16.5
—
16.5

0.8
11.2
8.6
—
0.3
20.9
—
20.9

0.7
13.0
23.8
—
0.3
37.8
—
37.8

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

56.6
68.1
34.1
32.6
5.3
196.7
—
196.7

53.2
57.1
28.6
35.6
7.4
181.9
—
181.9

51.6
52.8
22.9
33.6
4.8
165.7
—
165.7

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

57.4
75.1
42.8
32.6
5.3
213.2
18.1
231.3

54.0
68.3
37.2
35.6
7.7
202.8
19.0
221.8

52.3
65.8
46.7
33.6
5.1
203.5
19.0
222.5

0.8
6.0
11.3
—
(0.3)
4.3
—
4.3

0.9
10.3
11.1
—
2.0
5.7
—
5.7

0.9
13.8
31.9
—
1.3
11.5
—
11.5

57.5
57.6
44.0
46.5
30.3
51.5
—
51.5

57.1
52.9
37.3
52.3
40.4
50.0
—
50.0

63.3
55.9
30.8
56.8
27.3
50.7
—
50.7

58.3
63.6
55.3
46.5
30.0
55.8
4.7
60.5

58.0
63.2
48.4
52.3
42.4
55.7
5.2
60.9

64.2
69.7
62.7
56.8
28.6
62.2
5.8
68.0

Net written premiums for the business insurance segment for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 increased 3.8% 
and 7.3%, respectively, compared to the same 2013 and 2012 periods.  The 2014 increase in premiums was primarily due to growth 
in commercial auto and commercial multi-peril, resulting from (i) writing policies with larger average premiums for new business 
accounts, (ii) achieving price increases in the low-single digits, and (iii) higher retention.  The 2013 increase in premiums was 
primarily due to (i) writing larger average premium new business accounts, (ii) achieving price increases in the high single digits, 
and (iii) experiencing more growth on existing polices due to improved economic conditions.  Net written premiums for the year 
ended December 31, 2012 reflected the impact of the termination of an umbrella quota share reinsurance agreement, effective July 
1, 2012, and included $7.2 million related to the transfer of unearned premium remaining under the agreement.

We are in the process of implementing several strategies to capitalize on opportunities to grow our business insurance segment.  
With the implementation of Business Insurance Evolution ("BIE") in 2013, our ongoing initiative to automate our small commercial 
accounts with premiums less than $25,000, we have been able to shift our underwriting focus from smaller to larger commercial 
accounts.  Through our practice group initiative, we provide expertise for all lines of insurance solutions for niche or target markets, 
with a focus on writing premiums in excess of $25,000.  For example, in 2013, we launched our food industry practice group, 
which focuses on food manufacturing and processing risks.  We continue to identify industries and areas of focus where we believe 
we have underwriting expertise and look to expand into those markets through 2015.

803Fin.pdf

50

 
BIE has proven successful as we continue to increase the number of small commercial accounts processed without human 
intervention.  As we move forward, we are also looking to automate the processing of new business, provide more consistent 
pricing and underwriting service to our agents and insureds, and improving our overall efficiency.

The business insurance segment’s SAP non-catastrophe loss and ALAE ratio for the year ended December 31, 2014 was 
51.5% compared to 50.0% and 50.7%, respectively for the same 2013 and 2012 periods (Table 4).  The increase was primarily 
driven by commercial multi-peril and fire & allied lines SAP non-catastrophe loss and ALAE ratio increases of 4.7 points and 6.7 
points, respectively, when compared to the same 2013 period (Table 4).  The commercial multi-peril increase was driven by an 
increase in large loss activity during the third quarter of 2014 in addition to wind events, large fire losses and the extreme cold 
weather during the first quarter of 2014.  The fire & allied lines increase was driven by large fire losses during the first half of 
2014 and the extreme cold weather during the first quarter of 2014.  Partially offsetting these increases were improvements in 
other & product liability and other commercial compared to the same 2013 period (Table 4). These improvements were primarily 
the result of prior period rate actions emerging in earned premiums and greater favorable development of prior accident year losses 
in 2014 compared to 2013.

The business insurance segment’s 2013 SAP non-catastrophe loss and ALAE ratio improved by 0.7 points when compared 
to the same 2012 period (Table 4).  This improvement was primarily driven by prior period rate increases taken on all lines of 
business in this segment.  The commercial auto and other & product liability SAP non-catastrophe loss and ALAE ratios improved 
6.2 points and 4.5 points, respectively, when compared to the same 2012 period (Table 4), primarily as the result of an increase 
in earned premiums and greater favorable development of prior accident year losses.  The improvement was partially offset by an 
increase in the fire & allied SAP non-catastrophe loss and ALAE ratio of 6.5 points, compared to the same 2012 period (Table 4) 
primarily driven by an increase in the severity of losses. 

The business insurance segment’s SAP catastrophe loss and ALAE ratio for 2014 was 4.3% compared to 5.7% and 11.5%, 
respectively, for the same 2013 and 2012 periods (Table 4).  The improvements in 2014 and 2013 were primarily due to fewer and 
less severe catastrophe events during the years ended 2014 and 2013 when compared to the same 2013 and 2012 periods. 

803Fin.pdf

51

Specialty Insurance Segment

In our specialty insurance segment, we offer commercial coverages that require specialized product underwriting, claims 
handling or risk management services through a distribution channel of retail agents and wholesale brokers, which may include 
program administrators and other specialty sources.

Effective January 1, 2013, the units within the specialty insurance segment changed from the three units of RED, Rockhill 
and Workers’ compensation to the four units of E&S property, E&S casualty, Programs (which includes the former RED unit) and 
Workers’ compensation. Previously reported financial information has been revised to reflect the effect of the change in units. 

The following table sets forth the net written premiums by unit for our specialty insurance segment for the years ended 

December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012. 

Table 5

($ millions)
Net Written Premiums
E&S property
E&S casualty
Programs
Workers’ compensation
Total specialty

2014

2013

2012

$

$

40.5
60.9
87.6
83.9
272.9

$

34.7
42.0
73.2
72.0
221.9

$

25.4
36.1
106.1
68.8
236.4

803Fin.pdf

52

The following table sets forth the SAP loss and LAE ratios for our specialty insurance segment with the catastrophe and 

non-catastrophe impact shown separately for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

Table 6

($ millions)

Statutory Loss and LAE Ratios
2014

E&S property
E&S casualty
Programs
Workers' compensation
Total specialty

ULAE

Total Loss and LAE

2013

E&S property
E&S casualty
Programs
Workers' compensation
Total specialty

ULAE

Total Loss and LAE

2012

E&S property
E&S casualty
Programs
Workers' compensation
Total specialty

ULAE

Total Loss and LAE

Earned
Premium

Cat Loss
& ALAE

Non-Cat
Loss &
ALAE

Statutory
Loss &
LAE

Cat
loss
Ratio

Non-Cat
loss
Ratio

Total  Loss
and LAE
Ratio

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

38.1
48.6
76.1
78.1
240.9
—
240.9

31.1
39.3
87.1
69.3
226.8
—
226.8

20.4
33.7
124.2
66.8
245.1
—
245.1

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1.9
—
—
—
1.9
—
1.9

1.3
—
0.1
—
1.4
—
1.4

0.3
—
2.1
—
2.4
—
2.4

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

1.9
20.0
141.5
45.9
209.3
—
209.3

3.9
20.3
87.4
38.4
150.0
—
150.0

1.0
13.3
136.3
50.0
200.6
—
200.6

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

3.8
20.0
141.5
45.9
211.2
7.8
219.0

5.2
20.3
87.5
38.4
151.4
7.3
158.7

1.3
13.3
138.4
50.0
203.0
8.7
211.7

4.8
—
—
—
0.8
—
0.8

4.2
—
0.2
—
0.6
—
0.6

1.6
—
1.6
—
1.0
—
1.0

5.2
41.3
185.7
58.8
86.9
—
86.9

12.5
51.7
100.2
55.5
66.2
—
66.2

4.8
39.5
109.9
74.8
81.8
—
81.8

10.0
41.3
185.7
58.8
87.7
3.3
91.0

16.7
51.7
100.4
55.5
66.8
3.2
70.0

6.4
39.5
111.5
74.8
82.8
3.5
86.3

Net written premiums for the specialty insurance segment for the year ended December 31, 2014 increased 23.0% when 
compared to the same 2013 period (Table 5).  The increase in premiums was primarily due to (i) new business growth in our E&S 
property unit, (ii) growth in our E&S casualty unit due to the addition of underwriters in more geographic locations and new 
distribution relationships, including Partners General Insurance Agency which was acquired by our parent State Auto Mutual in 
the second quarter 2014, (iii) rate increases and new programs in the Programs unit, and (iv) rate increases and new business 
growth in our Workers' compensation unit.

The specialty insurance segment’s SAP non-catastrophe loss and ALAE ratio for the year ended December 31, 2014 was 
86.9%, compared to 66.2% and 81.8%, respectively, for the same 2013 and 2012 periods (Table 6).  The SAP non-catastrophe 
loss and ALAE ratio increase was primarily driven by reserve strengthening for terminated RED program business which is in 
run-off.  Beginning in the third quarter 2013, we increased our involvement in managing litigated and higher severity RED program 
claim files.  During the third quarter 2014, we assumed full file management of claim files for certain terminated RED programs 
from the third party administrators that had been managing the claims and performed a detailed, ground up analysis of those files, 
which we completed in the fourth quarter 2014.  For the year ended December 31, 2014, RED reserves were strengthened by $96.7 
million, which included the net cost of the ADC reinsurance agreement, compared to reserve strengthening in 2013 and 2012 of 
$21.3 million and $30.5 million, respectively.   

In  addition  to  the  2014  reserve  strengthening,  the  State Auto  Group  entered  into  an ADC  reinsurance  agreement  as  of 
December 31, 2014, that provides $40.0 million of coverage for adverse development in excess of carried reserves for the terminated 
RED restaurant program,  which represented approximately 59.0%  of carried  RED reserves  at December 31, 2014.   Partially 
offsetting the impact of the RED reserve strengthening were improvements in the SAP non-catastrophe loss and ALAE ratios for 
the E&S property and E&S casualty units for the year ended December 31, 2014.   

53

803Fin.pdf

 
The E&S property unit's 2014 SAP non-catastrophe loss and ALAE ratio improved 7.3 points when compared to the same 
2013 period (Table 6), primarily due to prior year rate actions emerging in earned premiums and favorable prior accident year 
development.  The E&S property unit's 2013 SAP non-catastrophe loss and ALAE ratio increased 7.7 points, when compared to 
the same 2012 period (Table 6), primarily due to favorable prior accident year development in 2012 that affected year- over- year 
comparisons. 

The E&S casualty unit's 2014 SAP non-catastrophe loss and ALAE ratio improved 10.4 points, when compared to the same 
2013 period (Table 6), primarily due to prior year rate actions emerging in earned premiums.  The E&S casualty unit's 2013 SAP 
non-catastrophe loss and ALAE ratio increased 12.2 points when compared to the same 2012 period (Table 6), primarily due to 
greater prior year favorable development in 2012 compared to prior accident year favorable development in 2013.  

The strategy of the Workers’ compensation unit focuses on accounts under $25,000 and debit mod accounts over $100,000 
with higher average losses driven mostly by injuries that impact soft tissue.  The Workers' compensation unit's 2014 SAP non-
catastrophe loss and ALAE ratio was 58.8% compared to 55.5% and 74.8% for 2013 and 2012, respectively (Table 6).  The 3.3 
point increase in the Workers' compensation unit's 2014 SAP non-catastrophe loss and ALAE ratio compared to the same 2013 
period (Table 6), was primarily driven by greater prior year favorable development in 2013 compared to 2014. The improvement 
from 2012 to 2013 was primarily due to favorable reserve development of prior accident years in 2013 as compared to 2012.  The 
favorable development in 2013 was primarily attributable to better than anticipated severity emerging across all accident years, 
with approximately one third coming from accident year 2012. 

Acquisition and Operating Expenses

Our GAAP expense ratio was 33.7% in 2014 compared to 33.6% and 33.2% in 2013 and 2012, respectively.

Our acquisition and operating expenses were $361.9 million in 2014 compared to $354.8 million and $345.9 million in 2013 
and 2012, respectively. The change from 2013 to 2014 was primarily a result of (i) $4.6 million of employee severance expenses 
recognized  as  a  result  of  the  reorganization  of  our  IT  department  and  (ii)  increased  contingent  commissions  and  incentive 
compensation expenses.  Partially offsetting these increases was the recognition of $19.0 million of profit commission in accordance 
with the terms of the HO QS Arrangement.  The change from 2012 to 2013 was primarily driven by increases in agent and employee 
incentive compensation. 

Loss and LAE Development

Losses and loss expenses for a calendar year represent the combined estimated ultimate liability for claims occurring in the 
current calendar year along with any change in estimated ultimate liability for claims occurring in prior years. The following table 
sets forth the provision for losses and loss expenses for those claims occurring in the current and prior years, along with the GAAP 
loss and LAE ratio for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

($ millions)

Provision for losses and loss expenses
occurring:

%
GAAP Loss
and LAE 
Ratio

%
GAAP  Loss
and LAE  
Ratio

2013

2012

%
GAAP Loss
and LAE  
Ratio

2014

Current year
Prior years

Total losses and loss expenses

$

$

726.2
45.1
771.3

67.6
4.2
71.8

$

$

741.0
(21.2)
719.8

70.2
(2.0)
68.2

$

$

795.2
(16.9)
778.3

76.3
(1.6)
74.7

803Fin.pdf

54

As shown above, the 2014 loss and loss expenses attributable to prior years was $45.1 million, or an unfavorable development, 
in the estimated ultimate liability for prior years’ claims. The following table sets forth a tabular presentation of the adverse 
development by accident year for the year ended December 31, 2014:

($ millions)

Accident Year

2004 and prior
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
Total

Current Year
Development
of Ultimate Liability

Redundancy /(Deficiency)
1.4
$
0.3
0.5
0.5
1.3
3.9
(4.5)
(21.4)
(37.2)
10.1
(45.1)

$

While  emergence  by  accident  year  includes  normal  fluctuations  due  to  the  uncertainty  associated  with  loss  reserve 
development and claim settlement, the adverse development in 2014 resulted primarily from accident years 2012 and 2011. The 
more notable items contributing to the 2014 development were as follows:

• 

• 

• 

• 

ULAE was $12.5 million lower than anticipated in the reserves at December 31, 2013.

We experienced favorable catastrophe loss development of $5.2 million in 2014 related to catastrophe losses 
primarily from accident year 2013.

In the personal and business insurance segments, the non-catastrophe loss and ALAE reserves contributed $23.1 
million of favorable development.  The business insurance segment contributed $16.7 million of this favorable 
development, driven by other & product liability and commercial auto, which developed favorably by $11.9 
million and $5.3 million, respectively.  The favorable development in these lines was driven by lower than 
anticipated severity from accident years 2012 and prior.  The personal insurance segment contributed $6.4 million 
of this favorable development, primarily from accident year 2013.

In the specialty insurance segment, the non-catastrophe loss and ALAE reserves accounted for $85.9 million of 
adverse development related primarily to accident years 2011 and 2012, which was driven by RED reserve 
strengthening.  Adverse development of prior accident year RED reserves was $96.7 million. Somewhat offsetting 
the  unfavorable  development  of  RED  reserves  was  favorable  development  of  $5.7  million  in  the Workers' 
compensation unit, $3.9 million in the E&S property unit and $2.1 million in the E&S casualty unit.   Favorable 
development in these lines was driven by better than anticipated severity emerging primarily from the 2012 and 
2013 accident years.

803Fin.pdf

55

 
 
 
The  following  table sets  forth  a  tabular presentation  of  the favorable  development by  accident year  for  the  year  ended 

December 31, 2013: 

($ millions)

Accident Year

2003 and prior
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Total

Current Year
Development
of Ultimate Liability

Redundancy /(Deficiency)
(0.9)
$
0.9
(0.1)
0.4
1.3
0.8
4.8
7.1
2.8
4.1
21.2

$

The favorable development in 2013 resulted primarily from accident years 2012, 2011, 2010 and 2009. The more notable 

items contributing to the 2013 favorable development were:

• 

• 

• 

• 

ULAE was $8.0 million lower than anticipated in the reserves at December 31, 2012.

We experienced favorable catastrophe loss development of $5.4 million in 2013 related to catastrophe losses 
primarily from accident year 2012.

In the personal and business insurance segments, the non-catastrophe loss and ALAE reserves contributed $18.3 
million of  favorable  development  related  to  the  prior  four  accident  years,  primarily  in  the  other &  product 
liability, commercial auto and homeowners with $8.3 million, $8.0 million and $2.9 million of the favorable 
development, respectively.  The  favorable  development  in  these  lines  was  driven  by  lower  than  anticipated 
severity in the casualty lines.

In the specialty insurance segment, the non-catastrophe loss and ALAE reserves contributed $10.5 million of 
adverse development related to the prior three accident years, which was driven by RED reserve strengthening. 
Somewhat  offsetting  the  unfavorable  development  was  favorable  development  of  prior  accident  year  non-
catastrophe loss and ALAE reserves of $10.9 million in 2013, of which $12.3 million related to the Workers' 
compensation unit.  The favorable Workers' compensation unit development was primarily attributable to better 
than anticipated severity emerging across all accident years, with approximately one third coming from accident 
year 2012.  Adverse development of prior accident year RED reserves was $21.3 million, more than offsetting 
the favorable development reported by non-RED specialty insurance segment units.  

803Fin.pdf

56

 
 
 
The  following  table sets  forth  a  tabular presentation  of  the favorable  development by  accident year  for  the  year  ended 

December 31, 2012:

($ millions)

Accident Year

2002 and prior
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Total

Current Year
Development
of Ultimate Liability

Redundancy /(Deficiency)
0.9
$
0.2
0.3
—
(0.1)
2.4
2.3
4.9
8.0
(2.0)
16.9

$

The  favorable  development  in  2012  resulted  primarily  from  accident  years  2011  and  2010.  The  more  notable  items 

contributing to the 2012 favorable development were:

• 

• 

• 

• 

ULAE was $6.3 million lower than anticipated in the reserves at December 31, 2011.

We experienced favorable catastrophe loss development of $10.4 million in 2012 related to the higher level of 
catastrophe losses we experienced in accident year 2011.

In the personal and business insurance segments, the non-catastrophe loss and ALAE reserves contributed $28.0 
million of favorable development related to the prior three accident years, primarily in the personal auto liability, 
other & product liability, and fire & allied lines with $10.5 million, $9.4 million and $5.1 million of the favorable 
development, respectively. The favorable development in these lines was driven by emergence of lower than 
anticipated claim severity.

In the specialty insurance segment, the non-catastrophe loss and ALAE reserves contributed $27.8 million of 
adverse development related to the prior two accident years, which was driven by RED reserve strengthening.

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57

 
 
 
The following table sets forth loss and loss expenses payable by major line of business at December 31, 2014 and 2013: 

($ millions)

Personal insurance segment:

Personal auto
Homeowners
Other personal

Total personal
Business insurance segment:

Commercial auto
Commercial multi-peril
Fire & allied lines
Other & product liability
Other business

Total business
Specialty insurance segment:
Excess & Surplus property
Excess & Surplus casualty
Programs
Workers' compensation
Total specialty

2014

2013

$
Change

$

$

176.0
18.2
7.7
201.9

79.0
94.2
19.9
154.2
2.5
349.8

8.3
69.9
190.1
153.6
421.9

$

188.8
24.3
10.6
223.7

83.4
91.5
22.1
159.8
2.8
359.6

7.4
61.1
150.7
148.3
367.5

(12.8)
(6.1)
(2.9)
(21.8)

(4.4)
2.7
(2.2)
(5.6)
(0.3)
(9.8)

0.9
8.8
39.4
5.3
54.4

22.8

Total losses and loss expenses payable net of reinsurance
recoverable on losses and loss expenses payable

$

973.6

$

950.8

$

The loss and loss expenses payable at December 31, 2014 increased $22.8 million from the loss and loss expenses payable 
at December 31, 2013. This change reflected an increase of $39.4 million in the Programs unit driven primarily by revised loss 
and loss expense reserve estimates for the two largest RED programs, both of which are in run-off.  Loss and loss expenses payable 
in our personal auto line of business declined $12.8 million primarily due to a decline in exposure.  We conduct quarterly reviews 
of loss development reports and make judgments in determining the reserves for ultimate losses and loss expenses payable. Several 
factors are considered by us when estimating ultimate liabilities including consistency in relative case reserve adequacy, consistency 
in claims settlement practices, recent legal developments, historical data, actuarial projections, exposure changes, anticipated 
inflation, current business conditions, catastrophe developments, late reported claims, and other analytical reviews.

The risks and uncertainties inherent in our estimates include, but are not limited to, actual settlement experience different 
from historical data trends, changes in business and economic conditions, court decisions creating unanticipated liabilities, ongoing 
interpretation of policy provisions by the courts, inconsistent decisions in lawsuits regarding coverage and additional information 
discovered before settlement of claims. Our results of operations and financial condition could be impacted, perhaps significantly, 
in the future if the ultimate payments required to settle claims vary from the liability currently recorded.

Investment Operations Segment

Our investment portfolio and the investment portfolios of other members of the State Auto Group are managed by our 
subsidiary, Stateco. Stateco utilizes its own personnel to invest in fixed maturities, large-cap equities and small-cap equity funds, 
and  outside  investment  managers  to  invest  in  small-cap  equities  and  international  funds.  The  Investment  Committee  (the 
“Committee”) of our Board of Directors establishes the investment policies to be followed by Stateco. Our primary investment 
objectives are to maintain adequate liquidity and capital to meet our responsibilities to policyholders, grow long term economic 
surplus to increase our capital position, maintain a consistent level of income to support operations and manage investment risk. 
Our current investment strategy does not rely on the use of derivative financial instruments.

Our decision to make a specific investment is influenced primarily by the following factors: (a) investment risks; (b) general 
market conditions; (c) relative valuations of investment vehicles; (d) general market interest rates; (e) our liquidity requirements 
at any given time; and (f) our current federal income tax position and relative spread between after tax yields on tax exempt and 
taxable fixed maturity investments.

We have investment policy guidelines with respect to purchasing fixed maturity investments for our insurance subsidiaries 
which preclude investments in bonds that are rated below investment grade by a recognized rating service. For the insurance 
subsidiaries, the maximum investment in any single note or bond is limited to 5.0% or less of the investment portfolio, other than 

58

803Fin.pdf

obligations of the U.S. government or government agencies, for which there is no limit. Our fixed maturity portfolio is composed 
of high quality, investment grade issues, comprised mostly of debt issues rated A or higher.  We obtain investment ratings from 
Moody’s, Standard & Poor’s and Fitch. If there is a split rating, we assign the lowest rating obtained.  At December 31, 2014, 
there were no fixed maturity investments rated below investment grade in our available-for-sale investment portfolio.

Our  internally  managed  equity  portfolio  invests  in  U.S.  large-cap,  dividend-paying  companies  across  many  different 
industries selected based upon their potential for appreciation as well as ability to continue paying dividends. This diversification 
across companies and industries reduces volatility in the value of the large-cap equity portfolio. Our investment policy guidelines 
limit the purchase of a specific stock to no more than 5.0% of the market value of the stock at the time of purchase, and no single 
equity holding should exceed 5.0% of the total equity portfolio.  In addition, we also invest in U.S. large-cap, dividend-paying 
exchange traded funds which adds to the diversification of the portfolio by allowing us to invest in a large number of companies 
via one security.

Our externally managed equity portfolios invest in U.S. small-cap equities and international funds. These managers are 
permitted to manage the portfolios according to their own respective portfolio objectives. In selecting our outside investment 
managers we confirm that their portfolio objectives, including risk tolerance, are acceptable to us; however, there may be slight 
differences  in  their  objectives  with  respect  to  dividend  payments  and  other  constraints  that  we  apply  to  our  large-cap  equity 
holdings.

At December 31, 2014, our investments in fixed maturities, equity securities and certain other invested assets were held as 
available-for-sale and carried at fair value. The unrealized holding gains or losses, net of applicable deferred taxes, are included 
as a separate component of stockholders’ equity as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and as such are not included 
in the determination of net income.

Composition of Investment Portfolio

The following table sets forth the composition of our investment portfolio at carrying value at December 31, 2014 and 2013:

% of
Total

2013

% of
Total

($ millions)

Cash and cash equivalents
Fixed maturities, at fair value:

Fixed maturities
Treasury inflation-protected securities

Total fixed maturities

Notes receivable from affiliate (1)
Equity securities, at fair value:
Large-cap securities
Small-cap securities

Total equity securities

Other invested assets, at fair value:
International instruments
Other invested assets

Total other invested assets, at fair value

Other invested assets, at cost

Total portfolio

2014

$

86.3

1,680.0
211.9
1,891.9
70.0

242.2
68.2
310.4

3.5

$

80.3

68.7
8.7
77.4
2.9

9.9
2.8
12.7

1,630.6
199.5
1,830.1
70.0

194.4
70.9
265.3

72.9
7.4
80.3
5.3
$ 2,444.2

3.0
0.3
3.3
0.2
100.0

74.2
6.7
80.9
5.0
$ 2,331.6

3.4

69.9
8.6
78.5
3.0

8.4
3.0
11.4

3.2
0.3
3.5
0.2
100.0

(1)

In May 2009, we entered into two separate Credit Agreements with State Auto Mutual. Under these Credit Agreements, State
Auto Mutual borrowed a total of $70.0 million from us on an unsecured basis. Interest is payable semi-annually at a fixed
annual interest rate of 7.00%. Principal is payable May 2019.

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59

The following table sets forth the amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale fixed maturities by contractual maturity 

at December 31, 2014:

($ millions)

Due in 1 year or less

Due after 1 year through 5 years

Due after 5 years through 10 years

Due after 10 years

U.S. government agencies residential mortgage-backed securities

Total

Amortized
Cost

Fair
Value

$

55.7

$

369.8

299.9

647.2

458.7

56.5

382.4

312.4

668.1

472.5

$

1,831.3

$

1,891.9

Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities as issuers may have the right to call or prepay the obligations 

with or without call or prepayment penalties.

At December 31, 2014, our equity portfolio consisted of approximately 32 different large-cap stocks and 72 small-cap stocks. 
The largest single fund holding was 16.3% of the equity portfolio based on fair value and the top ten positions accounted for 50.1% 
of the equity portfolio. At December 31, 2013, our equity portfolio consisted of approximately 40 different large-cap stocks and 
76 small-cap stocks. The largest single fund holding was 9.2% of the equity portfolio based on fair value, and the top ten positions 
accounted for 33.7% of the equity portfolio.  Since our equity portfolio consists primarily of large-cap value-oriented stocks, with 
a smaller allocation to small-cap equities, when large-cap stocks and/or value-oriented stocks perform well our equity portfolio 
typically performs well compared to benchmarks. Conversely, when growth stocks outperform value and/or small- to mid-cap 
stocks outperform large-cap stocks, our equity portfolio does not perform as well compared to benchmarks.

Market Risk

Our primary market risk exposures are to changes in market prices for equity securities and changes in interest rates and 
credit ratings for fixed maturity securities. Our fixed maturity securities are subject to interest rate risk whereby the value of the 
securities varies as market interest rates change. We manage this risk by closely monitoring the duration of the fixed maturity 
portfolio. The  duration  of  the  fixed  maturity  portfolio  was  approximately  4.32  and  4.83  as  of  December 31,  2014  and  2013, 
respectively. The following table sets forth our interest rate risk and the effects of a parallel change in interest rates on the fair 
value of the available-for-sale fixed maturity portfolio at December 31, 2014:

($ millions)

Fixed maturities:

-200 bps
Change

-100 bps
Change

Fair Value

Actual

+100 bps
Change

+200 bps
Change

U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S.
government agencies
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
Corporate securities
U.S. government agencies residential mortgage-
backed securities

Balance as of December 31, 2014

$

$

342.4
831.5
372.2

488.6
2,034.7

$

$

325.2
800.6
359.5

484.4
1,969.7

$

$

309.3
769.5
340.6

472.5
1,891.9

$

$

291.9
735.5
331.7

454.8
1,813.9

$

$

275.7
698.7
317.9

434.3
1,726.6

This table summarizes only the effects that a parallel change in interest rates could have on the fixed maturity portfolio. 
Changes in rates would also change the value of our liabilities and possibly other financial assets. We caution the reader that this 
analysis does not take into account nonparallel changes in interest rates. It is likely that some rates would increase or decrease 
more than others depending upon market conditions at the time of the change. This nonparallel change would alter the value of 
the fixed maturity portfolio. The analysis is also limited in that it does not take into account any actions that might be taken by us 
in response to these changes. As a result, the actual impact of a change in interest rates and the resulting fixed maturity values 
may differ significantly from what is shown in the table.

We believe that the fixed maturity portfolio’s exposure to credit risk is minimal as approximately 77.4% of the bonds we 
own are rated AA or better. We do not intend to change our investment policy or the quality of our fixed maturity investments. 
The fixed maturity portfolio is managed in a laddered-maturity style and considers business mix and liability payout patterns to 

60

803Fin.pdf

ensure adequate cash flow to meet claims as they are presented. We also manage liquidity risk by maintaining sufficient cash 
balances, owning some agency and U.S. Treasury securities at all times, purchasing bonds of major issuers, and purchasing bonds 
that are part of a medium or large issue. The fixed maturity portfolio does not have any direct exposure to either exchange rate 
risk  or  commodity  risk. We  do  not  rely  on  the  use  of  derivative  financial  instruments. We  categorize our  fixed  maturities  as 
available-for-sale in order to provide us greater flexibility in managing our portfolio. We do not maintain a trading portfolio.

There are no mortgage backed securities in our fixed maturity portfolio which may be labeled sub-prime mortgage backed 
securities. We invest only in conventional mortgage backed securities issued by a federal agency or that are U.S. Government 
guaranteed. Specifically, at December 31, 2014, approximately $472.5 million, or 25.0%, of our fixed maturity available-for-sale 
investment portfolio was in either GNMA pools, which are guaranteed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, or 
FNMA or Freddie Mac pools. 

At December 31, 2014, our fixed maturity investment portfolio included obligations of states and political subdivisions with 
a total carrying value of $769.5 million, with $181.4 million of these securities, or 23.6% of our municipal securities portfolio 
(“Muni Portfolio”), enhanced by third party monoline insurers (a “Credit Enhancement”) for the payment of principal and interest 
in the event of an issuer default. A Credit Enhancement is not a primary consideration to us when purchasing a municipal security, 
as we consider the underlying credit quality of the security as the primary rating factor in our evaluation process.  At December 31, 
2014, 79.4% of the total $769.5 million of municipal securities in our investment portfolio were rated AA or better, without the 
benefit of a Credit Enhancement. We do not believe that a loss of a Credit Enhancement would have a material adverse impact on 
our results of operations, financial position or liquidity, due to the underlying strength of the issuers of the securities, as well as 
our ability and intent to hold the securities. In addition, at December 31, 2014, we had no direct investment in any guarantor 
including any bond insurer.

The following table sets forth the credit ratings of our municipal securities, excluding Credit Enhancements, based on ratings 

by nationally recognized rating agencies at December 31, 2014:

($ millions)

Rating

AAA

AA*

A*

Other

Total

Total fair
value

$

$

71.2

539.6

117.8

40.9

769.5

%

9.3

70.1

15.3

5.3

100.0

* Our AA and A rating categories include securities which have been either

pre-funded or escrowed to maturity.

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61

The following table sets forth the composition of the insurers providing Credit Enhancements, along with the corresponding 

underlying credit rating of the issuer of the security, at December 31, 2014:

($ millions)

Monoline Insurer / Underlying Rating
Assured Guaranty Municipal Corp.:

AA
A

AMBAC:

AA
A

National Public Finance Guarantee:

AA
A

XLCA:
A

Total fair
value

$

91.5
17.1
108.6

29.4
3.7
33.1

27.7
9.7
37.4

2.3

Total municipal securities enhanced by third
party monoline insurers

$

181.4

We believe our Muni Portfolio is well diversified by issuer and state. We have 20.8% invested in securities which have been 
either pre-refunded or escrowed to maturity bonds. No single issuer comprises more than 5.0% of our Muni Portfolio.  For the 
bonds that are not in the pre-refunded category, no more than 10.0% is concentrated in any one state. We believe our Muni Portfolio 
is invested within the strongest sectors of the municipal bond market. Revenue bonds represent 38.0% of our Muni Portfolio and 
state and local government general obligation bonds make up 18.8% of our Muni Portfolio.  Our credit research is an important 
part of our investment management process, and we continually monitor all holdings for any signs of deterioration. We believe 
that our municipal holdings will maintain their high credit quality and that the issuers will be able to make all principal and interest 
payments as they come due.

Generally, we reinvest the proceeds from the call, maturity, or sale of securities within our Muni Portfolio, into both tax 

exempt and taxable fixed income securities with lower rates of return.   

At December 31, 2014, our small-cap and large-cap equity portfolios had a beta of 0.38 and 0.97, respectively, using the 
Russell 2000 and the S&P 500 Index as benchmarks, respectively.  Beta estimates the degree the portfolio’s price will fluctuate 
based on a given movement in the market index. The following tables set forth what changes might occur in the value of the small-
cap and large-cap equity portfolios given a change in the S&P 500 Index at December 31, 2014:

Small-cap equity portfolio:
Fair value ($ millions)
Change in S&P 500 Index
Value as % of original value

Large-cap equity portfolio:
Fair value ($ millions)
Change in S&P 500 Index
Value as % of original value

$

$

$

$

73.4
+20%
108%

289.3
+20%
119%

$

$

70.8
+10%
104%

265.7
+10%
110%

$

68.2
—
100%

$

65.6
-10%
96%

63.0
-20%
92%

242.2
—
100%

$

218.6

$

195.0

-10%
90%

-20%
81%

The above analysis is limited in that it does not take into account any actions that might be taken by us in response to these 
changes. As a result, the actual impact of a change in equity market prices and the resulting equity values may differ significantly 
from what is shown in the table. By investing in mostly large-cap issues we hope to limit liquidity risk in the equity portfolio. The 
small-cap and large-cap equity portfolios do not have any direct exposure to exchange rate risk since we do not directly hold any 

803Fin.pdf

62

foreign stocks. We constantly monitor the equity portfolio holdings for any credit risk issues that may arise. We do not invest in 
any commodity futures or commodity oriented mutual funds.

At December 31, 2014, we have two international funds, Fund 1 and Fund 2, which are included in other invested assets 
available-for-sale. Fund 1 and Fund 2 had betas of 0.69 and 0.84 respectively, using the MSCI EAFE Index as a benchmark. The 
following tables set forth what changes might occur in the values of Funds 1 and 2 given a change in the MSCI EAFE Index at 
December 31, 2014:

Fund 1:
Fair value ($ millions)
Change in MSCI EAFE Index
Value as % of original value

Fund 2:
Fair value ($ millions)
Change in MSCI EAFE Index
Value as % of original value

$

$

$

$

37.5
+20%
114%

46.7
+20%
117%

$

$

35.2
+10%
107%

43.3
+10%
108%

$

$

32.9
—
100%

40.0
—
100%

$

$

30.7
-10%
93%

36.6
-10%
92%

28.4
-20%
86%

33.2
-20%
83%

The above analysis does not take into account any actions that might be taken by the portfolio managers in response to these 
changes. As a result, the actual impact of a change in international equity market prices and the resulting international equity 
values may differ significantly from what is shown in the tables above.

Investment Operations Revenue

The following table sets forth the components of net investment income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 

2012:

($ millions)

Gross investment income:
Fixed maturities
Equity securities
Other

Total gross investment income

Less: Investment expenses

Net investment income

Average invested assets (at cost)
Annualized investment yield
Annualized investment yield, after tax
Net investment income, after tax
Effective tax rate

Year Ended December 31
2013

2012

2014

$

$

64.3
6.2
6.2
76.7
2.0
74.7

$

$

63.2
6.0
5.7
74.9
2.1
72.8

$

$

66.9
4.9
5.6
77.4
2.0
75.4

$ 2,153.7

$ 2,134.3

$ 2,173.4

3.5%
2.6%
57.0
23.7%

$

3.4%
2.7%
56.7
22.1%

$

3.5%
2.7%
58.0
23.0%

$

Our investment operations revenue for the year ended December 31, 2014 was primarily impacted by the following factors.

• 

• 

Interest earned on our fixed maturity securities in 2014 increased slightly compared to 2013, primarily due to 
an increase of $0.9 million in Treasury Inflation-Protected Securities ("TIPS") interest income.  Because TIPS 
are dependent on changes in the Consumer Price Index, they are directly impacted by the change in the rate of 
inflation (as inflation declines TIPS income decreases and vice versa). Income earned on our TIPS securities in 
2013 decreased by $2.7 million when compared to 2012.

Interest rates generally declined in 2014 compared to 2013.  As a result, the proceeds from bonds that matured, 
or were called by the issuers, were reinvested at lower rates.

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63

  
The following table sets forth realized gains (losses) and the proceeds received on sale for our investment portfolio for the 

years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

($ millions)

2014

2013

2012

Realized gains:

Fixed maturities
Equity securities
Other invested assets

Total realized gains

Realized losses:

Equity securities:

Sales
OTTI
Fixed maturities:

Sales
OTTI
Total realized losses

Net realized gains on investments

Realized
gains
(losses)

Proceeds
received
on sale

Realized
gains
(losses)

Proceeds
received
on sale

Realized
gains
(losses)

Proceeds
received
on sale

$

$

$

$
$

3.1
21.3
0.1
24.5

$

$

(1.3) $
(2.5)

—
—
(3.8) $
$
20.7

159.9
89.2
0.1
249.2

10.4
—

—
—
10.4
259.6

$

$

$

$
$

2.5
26.1
0.1
28.7

$

$

(1.2) $
(4.0)

(0.3)
—
(5.5) $
$
23.2

108.1
98.9
0.2
207.2

7.4
—

5.2
—
12.6
219.8

$

$

$

$
$

15.7
19.0
0.1
34.8

$

$

(2.6) $
(3.2)

—
(0.2)
(6.0) $
$
28.8

327.8
97.2
0.2
425.2

7.3
—

—
—
7.3
432.5

When a fixed maturity security has been determined to have an other-than-temporary decline in fair value, the impairment 
charge is separated into an amount representing the credit loss, which is recognized in earnings, and the amount related to non-
credit factors, which is recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income. See “Critical Accounting Policies – Investments” 
included in this Item 7 for OTTI impairment indicators. Future increases or decreases in fair value, if not other-than-temporary, 
are included in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). We did not recognize any impairments on our fixed maturity 
portfolio during 2014 or 2013, but we recognized OTTI on our fixed maturity portfolio during 2012 of $0.2 million.

When an equity security or other invested asset has been determined to  have a decline in fair value that is other-than-
temporary, we adjust the cost basis of the security to fair value. See “Critical Accounting Policies – Investments” included in this 
Item 7 for OTTI impairment indicators. This results in a charge to earnings as a realized loss, which is not reversed for subsequent 
recoveries in fair value. Future increases or decreases in fair value, if not other-than-temporary, are included in accumulated other 
comprehensive income (loss).

The following table sets forth the realized losses related to OTTI on our investment portfolio recognized for the years ended 

December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

($ millions)

2014

2013

2012

Number
of
positions

Total
impairment

Number
of
positions

Total
impairment

Number
of
positions

Total
impairment

Equity securities:

Large-cap securities
Small-cap securities

Fixed maturities:
Bonds
Total OTTI

1
33

—
34

$

$

(0.3)
(2.2)

—
(2.5)

2
26

—
28

$

$

(1.8)
(2.2)

—
(4.0)

— $
38

1
39

$

—
(3.2)

(0.2)
(3.4)

803Fin.pdf

64

Gross Unrealized Investment Gains and Losses

Based upon our review of our investment portfolio at December 31, 2014, we determined that there were no individual 
investments with an unrealized holding loss that had a fair value significantly below cost continually for more than one year. The 
following table sets forth detailed information on our available-for-sale investment portfolio by lot at fair value for our gross 
unrealized holding gains (losses) at December 31, 2014:

($ millions, except number of positions)

Fixed Maturities:

U.S. treasury securities and obligations
of U.S. government agencies

Obligations of states and political
subdivisions
Corporate securities
U.S. government agencies residential
mortgage-backed securities

Total fixed maturities

Equity Securities:

Large-cap securities
Small-cap securities

Total equity securities

Other invested assets
Total available-for-sale investments

Cost or
amortized
cost

Gross
unrealized
holding
gains

Number of
gain
positions

Gross
unrealized
holding
losses

Number of
loss
positions

Fair
value

$

296.7

$

14.1

28

$

(1.5)

21

$

309.3

742.5
333.4

458.7
1,831.3

185.5
50.0
235.5
50.5
$ 2,117.3

$

27.4
10.2

15.6
67.3

57.3
18.2
75.5
29.8
172.6

266
66

95
455

30
72
102
3
560

$

(0.4)
(3.0)

(1.8)
(6.7)

(0.6)
—
(0.6)
—
(7.3)

14
19

21
75

2
—
2
—
77

769.5
340.6

472.5
1,891.9

242.2
68.2
310.4
80.3
$ 2,282.6

The following table sets forth our unrealized holding gains by investment type, net of deferred tax that was included as a 
component of accumulated comprehensive income at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the change in unrealized holding gains, 
net of deferred tax, for the year ended December 31, 2014:

($ millions)

Available-for-sale investments
Unrealized gains:

Fixed maturities
Equity securities
Other invested assets
Unrealized gains
Deferred federal income tax liability
Unrealized gains, net of tax

Fair Value Measurements

2014

2013

$
Change

$

$

60.6
74.9
29.8
165.3
(55.3)
110.0

$

$

26.1
68.7
31.4
126.2
(41.6)
84.6

$

$

34.5
6.2
(1.6)
39.1
(13.7)
25.4

We primarily use one independent nationally recognized pricing service in developing fair value estimates. We obtain one 
price per security, and our processes and control procedures are designed to ensure the value is accurately recorded on an unadjusted 
basis. Through discussions with the pricing service, we gain an understanding of the methodologies used to price the different 
types of securities, that the data and the valuation methods utilized are appropriate and consistently applied, and that the assumptions 
are reasonable and representative of fair value. To validate the reasonableness of the valuations obtained from the pricing service, 
we compare to other fair value pricing information gathered from other independent pricing sources. See Note 3, “Fair Value of 
Financial Instruments” to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for a presentation of our 
available-for-sale investments within the fair value hierarchy at December 31, 2014.

As  of  December 31,  2014,  Level  3  assets  as  a  percentage  of  total  assets  were  0.3%,  which  we  have  determined  to  be 

insignificant.

803Fin.pdf

65

 
 
Other Items

Income Taxes

For the year ended December 31, 2014, the federal income tax benefit was $80.6 million compared to federal income tax 
expense of $0.5 million for 2013 and a federal income tax benefit of $0.1 million for 2012. The income tax benefit was primarily 
due to $82.6 million of deferred tax benefit resulting from the reversal of the valuation allowance against net deferred tax assets 
at December 31, 2014. 

See “Critical Accounting Policies — Income Taxes” included in this Item 7. See Note 8, “Federal Income Taxes” to our 
consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for a reconciliation between our actual federal income tax 
(benefit) expense and the amount computed at the indicated statutory rate for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

General

Liquidity refers to our ability to generate adequate amounts of cash to meet our short and long-term needs. Our primary 
sources of cash are premiums, investment income, investment sales and the maturity of fixed income security investments. The 
significant outflows of cash are payments of claims, commissions, premium taxes, operating expenses, income taxes, dividends, 
interest and principal payments on debt and investment purchases. The cash outflows may vary due to uncertainties regarding 
settlement of large losses or catastrophe events. As a result, we continually monitor our investment and reinsurance programs to 
ensure  they  are  appropriately  structured  to  enable  the  insurance  subsidiaries  to  meet  anticipated  short  and  long-term  cash 
requirements without the need to sell investments to meet fluctuations in claim payments.

Liquidity

Our insurance subsidiaries must have adequate liquidity to ensure that their cash obligations are met.  However, as discussed 
below, the STFC Pooled Companies do not have the day-to-day liquidity concerns normally associated with an insurance company 
due to their participation in, and the terms of, the Pooling Arrangement. In addition, State Auto P&C’s $100.0 million credit facility 
is available for general corporate purposes such as funding liquidity needs.  See “Borrowing Arrangements - Credit Facility” 
included in this Item 7.

Under the terms of the Pooling Arrangement, State Auto Mutual receives all premiums and pays all losses and expenses 
associated with the insurance business produced by the STFC Pooled Companies and the other pool participants, and then it settles 
the intercompany balances generated by these transactions with the pool participants within 60 days following each quarter end. 
We believe this provides State Auto Mutual with sufficient liquidity to pay losses and expenses of our insurance operations on a 
timely basis. When settling the intercompany balances, State Auto Mutual provides the pool participants with full credit for the 
premiums written net of losses paid during the quarter, retaining all receivable amounts from insureds and agents and reinsurance 
recoverable on paid losses from unaffiliated reinsurers. Any receivable amounts that are ultimately deemed to be uncollectible are 
charged-off by State Auto Mutual and allocated to the pool participant on the basis of its pooling percentage. 

As a result of the Pooling Arrangement, we have an off-balance sheet credit risk related to the balances due to State Auto 
Mutual from insureds, agents and reinsurers, which are offset by the unearned premiums from the respective policies. While the 
total amount due to State Auto Mutual from policyholders and agents is significant, the individual amounts due are relatively small 
at the policyholder and agency level. Based on historical data, this credit risk exposure is not considered to be material to our 
financial position, though the impact to income on a quarterly basis may be material. The State Auto Group mitigates its exposure 
to this credit risk through its in-house collections unit for both personal and commercial accounts which is supplemented by third 
party collection service providers. The amounts deemed uncollectible by State Auto Mutual and allocated to the STFC Pooled 
Companies are included in the other expenses line item in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.

We  generally  manage  our  cash  flows  through  current  operational  activity  and  maturing  investments,  without  a  need  to 
liquidate any of our other investments. However, should our written premiums decline or paid losses increase significantly, or a 
combination thereof, our cash flows from operations could be impacted requiring us to liquidate investments. This action was not 
necessary in 2014, 2013 or 2012.

We  maintain  a  portion  of  our  investment  portfolio  in  relatively  short-term  and  highly  liquid  investments  to  ensure  the 
immediate availability of funds to pay claims and expenses.  At December 31, 2014 and 2013, we had $86.3 million and $80.3 
million, respectively, in cash and cash equivalents, and $2,282.6 million and $2,176.3 million, respectively, of total available-for-
sale investments. Included in our fixed maturities available-for-sale were $8.8 million and $8.7 million of securities on deposit 
with insurance regulators, as required by law, at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively. In addition, substantially all of our 

803Fin.pdf

66

fixed maturity and equity securities are traded on public markets.  For a further discussion regarding investments, see “Investments 
Operations Segment” included in this Item 7.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $75.6 million and $72.1 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively, compared to 
net cash used in operating activities of $285.6 million in 2012.  Net cash from operations will vary from period to period if there 
are significant changes in underwriting results, primarily a combination of the level of premiums written and loss and loss expenses 
paid, changes in cash flows from investment income or federal income tax activity.  The change from 2014 and 2013 compared 
to 2012 was primarily due to our settlement payment of $261.4 million related to the December 31, 2011 change to the Pooling 
Arrangement in which, among other things, the overall participation percentage of the STFC Pooled Companies was reduced from 
80% to 65% (the "12.31.11 pool change") and our payment of $75.5 million related to our share of the State Auto Group’s initial 
net unearned premium transfer under the HO QS Arrangement, both of which occurred in 2012. 

Net cash used in investing was $56.5 million and $23.0 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively, compared to net cash provided 
by investing activities of $9.3 million for 2012. The following factors significantly contributed to the fluctuations between those 
years:

• 

• 

• 

The change  in 2014 was primarily attributable to the level of purchases, sales and maturities in our investment 
portfolio in 2014 when compared to the same 2013 period.

The change in 2013 was primarily attributable to less sales proceeds of available for sale securities when compared 
to 2012, as well as, a lower level of call activity in 2013 compared to the same 2012 period.

In 2012, we continued to raise funds to complete the settlement of amounts owed in connection with the 12.31.11 
pool change and the HO QS Arrangement.

Borrowing Arrangements

Credit Facility

On July 26, 2013, State Auto P&C entered into a credit facility (the “SPC Credit Facility”) with a syndicate of lenders. The 
SPC Credit Facility provides State Auto P&C with a $100.0 million five-year revolving credit facility maturing in July 2018. 
During the term of the SPC Credit Facility, State Auto P&C has the right to increase the total facility to a maximum amount of 
$150.0 million, provided that no event of default has occurred. The SPC Credit Facility is available for general corporate purposes 
and provides for interest-only payments during its term, with principal and interest due in full at maturity. Interest is based on 
LIBOR or a base rate plus a calculated margin amount. All advances under the SPC Credit Facility are to be fully secured by a 
pledge of specific investment securities of State Auto P&C. The SPC Credit Facility includes certain covenants and requirements, 
including financial requirements that  State Auto Financial maintain a minimum net worth and a certain debt to capitalization ratio.   
As of December 31, 2014, State Auto P&C had not made any borrowings under the SPC Credit Facility and State Auto P&C and 
State Auto Financial were in compliance with all covenants and requirements of the SPC Credit Facility.

FHLB Loan

On July 11, 2013, State Auto P&C obtained a loan (the “FHLB Loan”) from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Cincinnati 
(the “FHLB”). State Auto P&C became a member of the FHLB during the first quarter of 2013. The FHLB Loan is a 20-year term 
loan, callable after three years with no prepayment penalty thereafter, in the principal amount of $85.0 million. The FHLB Loan 
provides for interest-only payments during its term, with principal due in full at maturity. The interest rate is fixed over the term 
of the loan at 5.03%. The FHLB Loan is fully secured by a pledge of specific investment securities of State Auto P&C. Proceeds 
from the FHLB Loan, along with cash on hand, were used by State Auto Financial to redeem all of its outstanding Senior Notes.

Subordinated Debentures

State Auto Financial’s Delaware business trust subsidiary (the “Capital Trust”) has outstanding $15.0 million liquidation 
amount of capital securities, due 2033. In connection with the Capital Trust’s issuance of the capital securities and the related 
purchase by State Auto Financial of all of the Capital Trust’s common securities (liquidation amount of $0.5 million), State Auto 
Financial has issued to the Capital Trust $15.5 million aggregate principal amount of unsecured Floating Rate Junior Subordinated 
Debt Securities due 2033 (the “Subordinated Debentures”). The sole assets of the Capital Trust are the Subordinated Debentures 
and any interest accrued thereon. Interest on the Capital Trust’s capital and common securities is payable quarterly at a rate equal 
to the three-month LIBOR rate plus 4.20%, adjusted quarterly. The applicable interest rates for December 31, 2014 and 2013 were 
4.44%, respectively.

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67

Notes Payable Summary

The following table sets forth our notes payable at December 31, 2014: 

($ millions)

Subordinated Debentures due 2033: issued $15.5 million, May 2003 with
variable interest adjusting quarterly

FHLB loan due 2033; issued $85.0 million, July 2013 with fixed interest

Total notes payable

Carrying
Value

Fair
Value

Interest
Rate

15.5
85.3
100.8

$

15.5
86.4
101.9

$

4.44%
5.03%

Related to our notes payable, our primary market risk exposure is to the change in interest rates and our credit rating. For a 
discussion regarding our credit ratings see “Credit and Financial Strength Ratings” included in this Item 7. Based upon the notes 
payable carrying value at December 31, 2014, we had $15.5 million notes payable with variable interest and $85.3 million notes 
payable with interest fixed at 5.03%, which equated to approximately 15.2% variable interest debt and 84.8% fixed interest debt. 
Our decision to obtain fixed versus variable interest rate debt is influenced primarily by the following factors: (a) current market 
interest rates; (b) anticipated future market interest rates; (c) availability of fixed versus variable interest instruments; and (d) our 
currently  existing  notes  payable  fixed  and  variable  interest  rate  position.  See  our  contractual  obligations  table  included  in 
“Contractual Obligations” included in this Item 7.

Reinsurance Arrangements

Members of the State Auto Group follow the customary industry practice of reinsuring a portion of their exposures and 
paying to the reinsurers a portion of the premiums received. Insurance is ceded principally to reduce net liability on individual 
risks or for individual loss occurrences, including catastrophic losses. Although reinsurance does not legally discharge the individual 
members of the State Auto Group from primary liability for the full amount of limits applicable under their policies, it does make 
the assuming reinsurer liable to the extent of the reinsurance ceded.

To minimize the risk of reinsurer default, the State Auto Group cedes only to third-party reinsurers who are rated A- or better 
by A.M. Best or Standard & Poor’s and also utilizes both domestic and international markets to diversify its credit risk. We utilize 
reinsurance to limit our loss exposure and contribute to our liquidity and capital resources.

Expired Homeowners Quota Share Reinsurance Arrangement

On December 31, 2011, the State Auto Group entered into the HO QS Arrangement, which was a three-year quota share 
reinsurance agreement covering our homeowners line of business. Under the HO QS Arrangement, the State Auto Group ceded 
to reinsurers 75% of its homeowners business under policies in force at the effective date and new and renewal policies thereafter 
issued during the term of the agreement. The HO QS Arrangement expired December 31, 2014 and was replaced with a one-year 
property aggregate excess catastrophe reinsurance agreement, effective January 1, 2015.  See the "Property Catastrophe" discussion 
below for further information.

Other Reinsurance Arrangements

Each member of the State Auto Group is party to working reinsurance treaties for casualty, workers’ compensation and 
property lines with several reinsurers arranged through reinsurance intermediaries. These agreements are described in more detail 
below. We have also secured other reinsurance to limit the net cost of large loss events for certain types of coverage. The State 
Auto Group also makes use of facultative reinsurance for unique risk situations. The State Auto Group also participates in state 
insurance pools and associations. In general, these pools and associations are state sponsored and/or operated, impose mandatory 
participation by insurers doing business in that state, and offer coverage for hard-to-place risks at premium rates established by 
the state sponsor or operator, thereby transferring risk of loss to the participating insurers in exchange for premiums which may 
not be commensurate with the risk assumed.

As of December 31, 2014, the State Auto Group entered into an ADC reinsurance agreement that provides $40.0 million of 

coverage for adverse development in excess of carried reserves for the terminated RED restaurant program.

Property Catastrophe

Members of the State Auto Group maintain a property catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance agreement, covering property 
catastrophe related events affecting at least two risks. As of June 1, 2014, this property catastrophe reinsurance agreement was 
revised to increase the treaty limit. Under this agreement, the State Auto Group retains the first $55.0 million of catastrophe loss, 
each  occurrence,  with  a  5.0%  co-participation  on  the  next  $285.0  million  (previously  $265.0  million)  of  covered  loss,  each 

68

803Fin.pdf

occurrence. The reinsurers are responsible for 95% of the excess over $55.0 million up to $340.0 million (previously $320.0 
million) of covered losses, each occurrence. Under this agreement, our companies are responsible for losses above $340.0 million 
(previously $320.0 million).

The State Auto Group also maintains a separate property catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance agreement covering E&S 
property and Programs catastrophe related events affecting at least two risks. Under this agreement, the State Auto Group retains 
the first $15.0 million of catastrophe loss, each occurrence, and the reinsurers are responsible for 100.0% of the excess over $15.0 
million up to $55.0 million of covered loss, each occurrence. 

As of January 1, 2015, the State Auto Group entered into a one-year property aggregate excess catastrophe reinsurance 
agreement with a syndicate of reinsurers covering property business underwritten by its personal insurance and business insurance 
segments, including automobile physical damage.  This agreement provides reinsurance coverage of $75.0 million during 2015 
for ISO PCS numbered catastrophes and certain other weather-related events after the retention of $165.0 million of losses by the 
State Auto Group.  Individual occurrences are not subject to an occurrence deductible, but are subject to a maximum amount of 
$55.0 million consistent with the State Auto Group’s retention under its existing property catastrophe excess of loss reinsurance 
agreement. The agreement excludes property risks underwritten by the specialty insurance segment. 

Property Per Risk

At June 1, 2014, the State Auto Group renewed the property per risk excess of loss reinsurance agreement. This reinsurance 
agreement provides that the State Auto Group is responsible for the first $1.0 million of each covered loss for E&S property and 
Programs units, and the first $3.0 million of each covered loss for other property business. The State Auto Group is also responsible 
for an additional $2.0 million in aggregate retention per treaty year for losses exceeding $3.0 million. The reinsurers are responsible 
for 75% of the loss in excess of $1.0 million for the E&S property and Programs units and 100.0% of the loss excess of $3.0 
million for other property business up to $20.0 million of covered loss. The rates for this reinsurance are negotiated annually.

Casualty and Workers’ Compensation

As of July 1, 2014, the State Auto Group renewed the casualty excess of loss reinsurance agreement. Under this agreement, 
the State Auto Group is responsible for the first $1.0 million of workers' compensation losses, each loss occurrence, subject to an 
additional $1.0 million in annual aggregate retention, and $2.0 million of losses that involve auto liability, other liability and 
umbrella liability policies, subject to an additional $2.0 million in annual aggregate retention.  The reinsurance agreement provides 
coverage up to $10.0 million, except for umbrella policies which are covered for limits up to $15.0 million. E&S casualty and 
Programs units risks are not subject to this casualty excess of loss reinsurance agreement.

Also, certain unusual claim situations involving bodily injury liability, property damage, uninsured motorist and personal 
injury protection are covered by an arrangement that provides for $30.0 million of coverage in excess of $10.0 million retention 
for  each  loss  occurrence. This  reinsurance  sits  above  the  $8.0  million  excess  of  $2.0  million  arrangement. The  rates  for  this 
reinsurance are negotiated annually. Policies underwritten by the E&S casualty and Programs units are not subject to this casualty 
excess of loss reinsurance agreement.

In addition to the workers’ compensation reinsurance described above, each company in the State Auto Group is party to a 
workers’  compensation  catastrophe  reinsurance  agreement  that  provides  additional  reinsurance  coverage  for  workers’ 
compensation losses involving multiple workers. Subject to $10.0 million of retention, reinsurers are responsible for 100.0% of 
the excess over $10.0 million up to $30.0 million of covered loss. For loss amounts over $30.0 million, the casualty excess of loss 
reinsurance agreement provides $20.0 million coverage in excess of $30.0 million. Workers’ compensation catastrophe coverage 
is subject to a “Maximum Any One Life” limitation of $10.0 million. This limitation means that losses associated with each worker 
may contribute no more than $10.0 million to covered loss under these agreements. The rates for the workers’ compensation 
catastrophe reinsurance agreement are negotiated annually.

For E&S casualty and Programs units risks, the State Auto Group has a combined casualty treaty whereby under Section A, 
we retain the first $1.0 million of covered loss and the reinsurers are responsible for 90.0% (previously 87.0%) of loss in excess 
of $1.0 million up to $10.0 million for all primary business and excess business written directly above a primary policy, at policy 
limits above $1.0 million. Under Section B, as respects excess policies over another carrier's primary policy, we have a $10.0 
million proportional agreement where we retain $1.0 million of each risk and the reinsurers are responsible for 90.0% (previously 
87.0%) of loss for each risk based on the percentage the $1.0 million we retain bears to the total policy limit.   Under Section C, 
as respects policies at $1.0 million or less, we retain the first $1.25 million of Extra Contractual Obligations/Excess of Policy 
Limits ("ECO/XPL") and LAE coverage for policies with limits of $1.0 million or less, and the reinsurers are responsible for 
100.0% of ECO/XPL and LAE coverage in excess of $1.3 million up to $4.0 million. 

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69

Contractual Obligations

The following table sets forth our significant contractual obligations at December 31, 2014:

($ millions)

Direct loss and ALAE reserves(1)
Notes payable(2):
Subordinated Debentures due 2033:
issued $15.5, May 2003 with variable interest(3) adjusting
quarterly
FHLB loan due 2033; issued $85.0 million, July 2013 with
fixed interest

Total notes payable

Interest payable (2):
Subordinated Debentures due 2033:
issued $15.5, May 2003 with variable interest(3) adjusting
quarterly
FHLB loan due 2033; issued $85.0 million, July 2013 with
fixed interest

Total interest payable

Postretirement benefits
Pension funding(4)
Total

Total

Due
1 year
or less

Due
1-3
years

Due
3-5
years

Due
after 5
years

$

973.6

396.0

335.2

126.1

116.3

15.5

85.0
100.5

—

—
—

—

—
—

—

—
—

15.5

85.0
100.5

12.7

0.7

1.4

1.4

9.2

79.1
91.8
15.5
56.9
$ 1,238.3

$

4.3
5.0
1.7
5.5
408.2

$

8.6
10.0
3.3
10.9
359.4

$

8.6
10.0
3.2
11.7
151.0

$

57.6
66.8
7.3
28.8
319.7

(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

We derived expected payment patterns separately for the direct loss and ALAE reserves. Amounts included the STFC Pooled Companies net
additional share of transactions assumed from State Auto Mutual through the Pooling Arrangement. For a reconciliation of management’s best
estimate, see “Critical Accounting Policies – Losses and Loss Expenses Payable” included in this Item 7. These patterns were applied to the
December 31, 2013, loss and ALAE payable to generate estimated annual incremental loss and ALAE payments for each subsequent calendar year.
These amounts are based on historical payment patterns and do not represent actual contractual obligations. The actual payment amounts and the
related timing of those payments could differ significantly from these estimates.

For a discussion of these debt instruments, see “Liquidity and Capital Resources—Borrowing Arrangements” included in this Item 7.

Interest on the subordinated debentures was calculated using an interest rate equal to the three-month LIBOR rate at December 31, 2014 of 0.2356%
plus 4.20%, or 4.4356%.

These amounts are estimates of ERISA minimum funding levels based on adjustments to prior year assumptions for our defined benefit pension plan
and do not represent an estimate of our expected contributions. Funding levels generally are not determined until later in the year with respect to the
contribution year. See Note 9, “Pension and Postretirement Benefits Plans” to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Form
10-K for a tabular presentation of STFC’s share of expected benefit payments from the State Auto Group’s defined benefit pension plan.

Leases and other purchase obligations of State Auto Mutual are allocated to us through the Pooling Arrangement.

Regulatory Considerations

At December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, each of our insurance subsidiaries was in compliance with statutory requirements 

relating to capital adequacy.

The NAIC utilizes a collection of analytical tools designed to assist state insurance departments with an integrated approach 
to screening and analyzing the financial condition of insurance companies operating in their respective states. One such set of 
analytical tools is 12 key financial ratios that are known in the insurance industry as the “IRIS” ratios. A “defined range” of results 
for each ratio has been established by the NAIC for solvency monitoring. While management utilizes each of these IRIS ratios in 
monitoring our insurance companies’ operating performance on a statutory accounting basis (each of our insurance subsidiaries 
operates within the defined range for the other measures), the net premiums written to surplus or leverage ratio is monitored to 
ensure that each of our insurance subsidiaries continue to operate within the “defined range” of 3.0 to 1.0. The higher the leverage 
ratio, the more risk a company bears in relation to statutory surplus available to absorb losses. In considering this range, management 
also considers the distribution of net premiums between property and liability lines of business. A company with a larger portion 
of net premiums from liability lines should generally maintain a lower leverage ratio.

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70

The following table sets forth the statutory leverage ratios for our insurance subsidiaries at December 31, 2014, 2013 and 

2012:

Statutory Leverage Ratios

State Auto P&C
Milbank

Weighted Average

2014

2013

2012

1.5
1.9
1.5

1.4
1.7
1.4

1.6
2.2
1.7

State Auto P&C, Milbank and SA Ohio are subject to regulations and restrictions under which payment of dividends from 
statutory surplus can be made to State Auto Financial during the year without prior approval of regulatory authorities. Under the 
insurance regulations of Iowa and Ohio (the states of domicile), the maximum amount of dividends that the Company may pay 
out of earned surplus to shareholders within a twelve month period without prior approval of the Department is limited to the 
greater of 10% of the most recent year-end policyholders' surplus or net income for the twelve month period ending the 31st day 
of December of the previous year-end. Pursuant to these rules, $77.8 million is available for payment to State Auto Financial from 
its insurance subsidiaries in 2015 without prior approval. State Auto Financial received dividends from its insurance subsidiaries 
in the amount of $20.0 million, $10.0 million and $20.0 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

The Company's insurance subsidiaries are subject to risk-based capital ("RBC") requirements that have been adopted by 
individual states. These requirements subject insurers having statutory capital less than that required by the RBC calculation to 
varying degrees of regulatory action, depending on the level of capital inadequacy. The RBC formulas specify various weighting 
factors to be applied to financial balances or various levels of activity based on the perceived degree of risk. Regulatory compliance 
is determined by a ratio of total adjusted capital to authorized control level RBC. Generally no remedial action is required by an 
insurance company if its adjusted statutory surplus exceeds 200% of the authorized level RBC. At December 31, 2014, the ratio 
of total adjusted statutory capital to authorized control level of State Auto Financial’s insurance subsidiaries ranged from 462.8% 
to 5,824.1%.

Credit and Financial Strength Ratings

The following table sets forth our credit and insurance company financial strength ratings as of February 27, 2015:

State Auto Financial (credit rating)

bbb

A.M. Best

State Auto Group (financial strength)

negative
outlook

A
negative 
outlook

Moody’s

N/A

A3

under review
for downgrade

Standard & 
Poor’s

BB+

negative
outlook

BBB+
negative 
outlook

We are reviewed regularly by the independent rating agencies, including those rating agencies listed in the table above. We 
believe that these ratings provide a meaningful way for policyholders, agents, creditors, shareholders and others to compare us to 
our competitors. Our ratings are influenced by many factors, including operating and financial performance, asset quality, liquidity, 
financial leverage, exposure to catastrophe risks and operating leverage.

Generally, credit ratings affect the cost, type and availability of debt financing. Higher rated securities receive more favorable 

pricing and terms relative to lower rated securities at the time of issue.

Our management considers how its overall strategy and decisions may influence the rating agencies’ evaluation of our credit 
strength and capital position, which may in turn directly impact the credit and financial strength ratings assigned by those agencies.  
In its decision-making process with respect to significant transactions, such as reinsurance, financing and investing activities, and 
acquisitions, management takes into consideration the potential impact these decisions will have on our earnings volatility and 
capital position.  

The financial strength ratings set forth above relate to the State Auto Group and express the opinion of the rating agency as 
to the ability of the State Auto Group to meet its ongoing obligations to policyholders. The A.M. Best financial strength rating 
influences our ability to write insurance business as agents and policyholders generally prefer higher rated companies. Lower 
rated companies may be required to compete for agents and policyholders by offering higher commissions or lower premiums 
and expanded coverage, or a combination thereof.

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OTHER

Impact of Inflation

Inflation can have a significant impact on property and casualty insurers because premium rates are established before the 
amount of losses and loss expenses are known. When establishing rates, we attempt to anticipate increases from inflation subject 
to the limitations of modeling economic variables. Even when general inflation, as measured by the Consumer Price Index, has 
been relatively modest, as has been the case over the last several years, price inflation on the goods and services purchased by 
insurance companies in settling claims can steadily increase. For example, historically medical care costs have risen at a higher 
rate than general inflation over the last few years. Costs for building materials typically rise significantly following widespread 
natural catastrophes, such as what the industry experienced in areas affected by Superstorm Sandy in 2012. We continue to adjust 
our pricing projections to reflect current and anticipated changes in costs in all lines of business.

We consider inflation when estimating liabilities for losses and loss expenses, particularly for claims having a long period 
between occurrence and final settlement. The liabilities for losses and loss expenses are management’s best estimates of the ultimate 
net cost of underlying claims and expenses and are not discounted for the time value of money. In times of high inflation, the 
normally higher yields on investment income may partially offset potentially higher claims and expenses.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Our significant accounting policies are more fully described in Note 1 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements 
included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K. In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates 
and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet, revenues and expenses 
for the period then ended and the financial entries in the accompanying notes to the financial statements. Such estimates and 
assumptions  could  change  in the  future, as  more  information becomes known  which  could impact the  amounts reported  and 
disclosed in this Item 7. We have identified the policies and estimates described below as critical to our business operations and 
the understanding of the results of our operations.

Investments

Our fixed maturity, equity security and certain other invested asset investments are classified as available-for-sale and carried 
at fair value. The unrealized holding gains or losses, net of applicable deferred taxes, are shown as a separate component of 
stockholders’ equity in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), and as such are not included in the determination of net 
income. Investment income is recognized when earned, and capital gains and losses are recognized when investments are sold.

We regularly monitor our investment portfolio for declines in value that are other-than-temporarily impaired (“OTTI”), an 
assessment that requires significant management judgment regarding the evidence known. Such judgments could change in the 
future as more information becomes known which could negatively impact the amounts reported herein. We consider the following 
factors when assessing our equity securities and other invested assets for OTTI: (i) the length of time and/or the significance of 
decline below cost; (ii) our ability and intent to hold these securities through their recovery periods; (iii) the current financial 
condition of the issuer and its future business prospects; and (iv) the ability of the market value to recover to cost in the near term. 
We recognize OTTI charges on our externally managed small-cap equity portfolio and a segment of our large-cap portfolio, as we 
are unable to make the assertion regarding our intent to hold these securities that are currently valued below cost until recovery 
in the near term. When an equity security or other invested asset has been determined to have a decline in fair value that is other-
than-temporary, we adjust the cost basis of the security to fair value. This results in a charge to earnings as a realized loss, which 
is not reversed for subsequent recoveries in fair value. Future increases or decreases in fair value, if not other-than-temporary, are 
included in other comprehensive income (loss).

We also consider the following factors when assessing our fixed maturity investments for OTTI: (i) the financial condition 
of the issuer including receipt of scheduled principal and interest cash flows; (ii) our intent to sell; and (iii) if it is more likely than 
not that we will be required to sell the investments before recovery. When a fixed maturity has been determined to have an other-
than-temporary impairment, the impairment charge is separated into an amount representing the credit loss, which is recognized 
in earnings as a realized loss, and the amount related to non-credit factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive (loss) 
income. Future increases or decreases in fair value, if not other-than-temporary, are included in other comprehensive (loss) income.

Deferred Acquisition Costs

Acquisition costs, consisting of net commissions (including ceding commissions), premium taxes and certain underwriting 
expenses related to the successful acquisition or renewal of property and casualty business, are deferred and amortized over the 
same period in which the related premiums are earned.  Ceding commissions relating to reinsurance agreements reimburse us for 
both deferrable and non-deferrable acquisition costs.  To the extent these ceding commissions exceed the deferrable amount of 

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acquisition costs, the excess is reported as a deferred liability and is included in other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet. 
Excess ceding commissions are amortized in proportion to net revenue recognized on the underlying policies resulting in excess 
ceding commissions being recognized as a reduction of acquisition and operating expenses.

The method followed for computing the acquisition costs limits the amount of such deferred costs to their estimated realizable 
value. In determining estimated realizable value, the computation gives effect to the premium to be earned, losses and loss expenses 
expected to be incurred, and certain other costs expected to be incurred as premium is earned.  Future changes in estimates, the 
most significant of which is expected losses and loss adjustment expenses, that indicate a reduction in expected future profitability 
may result in unrecoverable deferred acquisition costs. Anticipated investment income is considered in determining whether a 
premium deficiency exists. 

Losses and Loss Expenses Payable

Our loss reserves reflect all unpaid amounts for claims that have been reported, as well as for IBNR claims. Our loss reserves 

are not discounted to present value.

Loss reserves are management’s best estimates (“MBE”) at a given point in time of what we expect to pay to settle all claims 
incurred as of that date based on known facts, circumstances and historical trends. Loss reserves at the individual claim level are 
established on either a case reserve basis or formula reserve basis depending on the type and circumstances of the loss. The case 
reserve amounts are determined by claims adjusters based on our reserving practices, which take into account the type of risk, the 
circumstances surrounding each claim and applicable policy provisions. The formula reserves are based on historical data for 
similar claims with provision for changes caused by inflation. Case reserves and formula reserves are reviewed on a regular basis, 
and as new data becomes available, estimates are updated resulting in adjustments to loss reserves. Generally, reported losses 
initially reserved on a formula basis and not settled after six months are case reserved at that time. The process for calculating the 
IBNR component of the loss reserve is to develop an estimate of the ultimate losses and allocated loss expenses incurred, and 
subtract all amounts already paid or held as case or formula reserves.

The determination of ultimate losses integrates information and analysis provided by several disciplines within our Company, 
including claims, actuarial and accounting. This assessment requires considerable judgment in understanding how claims mature, 
which lines of business are the most volatile, and how trends change over time. Loss reserves represent an estimate at a given 
point in time based on many variables including historical and statistical information, inflation, legal developments, storm loss 
estimates and economic conditions. Although we consider many different sources of information, as well as a number of actuarial 
methodologies to estimate our loss reserves, there is no single method for determining the exact ultimate liability.

Our internal actuarial staff conducts quarterly reviews of projected loss development information to assist management in 
making estimates of ultimate losses and loss expenses. Several factors are considered in estimating ultimate liabilities including 
consistency in relative case reserve adequacy, consistency in claims settlement practices, recent legal developments, historical 
data, actuarial projections, accounting projections, exposure growth, current business conditions, catastrophe developments and 
late  reported  claims.  In  addition,  reasonableness  tests  are  performed  on  many  of  the  assumptions  underlying  each  reserving 
methodology, such as claim frequency, claim severity and loss ratios. Nonetheless, changes which are not contemplated do occur 
over time, and those changes are incorporated in subsequent valuations of our loss reserves.

We use a number of different methodologies to estimate the IBNR component of our loss reserves. Our loss reserves include 
amounts related to short tail and long tail lines of business. “Tail” refers to the time period between the occurrence of a loss and 
the settlement of the claim. In general, the longer the time span between the incidence of a loss and the settlement of the claim, 
the more the ultimate settlement amount can vary. The reserving methods and strengths and weaknesses of each are described 
below.

Short-Tail Business: For short-tail business, claims are typically settled within five years, and the most common actuarial 
estimates are based on techniques using link ratio projections of incurred losses, paid losses, claim counts and claim severities. 
Each of these methods is described below in detail. Separate projections are made for catastrophes that are in the very early stages 
of development based on specific information known through the reporting date.

Incurred Loss Development Method: The Incurred Loss Development Method is probably the most common actuarial 
method used in projecting indicated IBNR reserves. This method uses paid loss experience as well as the outstanding estimates 
(formula and case reserves) for claims that have been reported and are still open. The underlying assumption of the Incurred Loss 
Development Method is that case reserve adequacy remains consistent over time. This method’s advantage is its responsiveness 
to changes in reported losses, which is particularly valuable in the less mature accident years. The disadvantage of the Incurred 
Loss Development Method is that case reserve adequacy changes will distort the IBNR projections.

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Paid Loss Development Method: The Paid Loss Development Method uses calculations that are very similar to the Incurred 
Loss Development Method. The key difference is that the data used in the paid method exclude case reserve estimates, so only 
paid losses are utilized. With this method, a payment pattern is estimated to project ultimate settlement values for each accident 
year, with the underlying assumption that claims are settled at a consistent rate over time. Neither case reserves nor the rate at 
which claims are reported (except to the extent that the reporting pattern influences the payment pattern) is relevant to the results 
of this method. This method’s advantage is that the estimates of ultimate loss are independent of case reserve adequacy and are 
unaffected by company changes in case reserving philosophy. The disadvantages are that the paid method does not use all of the 
available information, and in some cases the liability payment patterns require the application of very large development factors 
to relatively small payments in less mature accident years.

Claim Counts and Severities Method: The Counts and Severities Method calculations are very similar to the other methods. 
The incurred claim counts reported to date are projected to an ultimate number. Similarly, the incurred loss severities are projected 
to an ultimate value. The ultimate incurred count is multiplied by the ultimate incurred severity, for each accident year, to arrive 
at the ultimate incurred loss. Finally, as with the other loss development methods, an estimate of the IBNR reserve is calculated 
by subtracting the reported losses from the estimated ultimate losses.

Long-Tail  Business:  For  long-tail  business,  a  material  portion  of  claims  may  not  be  settled  within  five  years.  Reserve 
estimates for long-tail business use the same methods listed above along with several other methods as determined by the actuary. 
For example, premium-based methods may be used in developing ultimate loss estimates, including the Expected Loss Ratio, 
Bornhuetter-Ferguson, and Least-Squares techniques as described below. We may also use statistical models when the historical 
patterns can be reasonably approximated.

Expected Loss Ratio Method: The Expected Loss Ratio Method generates indicated IBNR by multiplying an expected loss 
ratio by earned premiums, then subtracting incurred-to-date losses. For slower reporting lines of business, new products, or data 
that is very immature, the actual claim data is often too limited or too volatile for other projection methods. With this method the 
premiums are used as a measure of loss exposure, and the loss ratios can be derived from pricing expectations.

Bornhuetter-Ferguson  Method: The  Bornhuetter-Ferguson  Method  is  a  weighted  average  of  the  Expected  Loss  Ratio 
Method  and  the  Incurred  Loss  Development  Method,  using  the  percentage  of  losses  reported  as  the  weight. This  method  is 
particularly useful where there is a low volume of data in the current accident period, or where the experience is volatile. In general, 
this method produces estimates that are similar to the Incurred Loss Development Method.

Least Square Loss Development Method: In the Least Squares Loss Development Method, the statistical technique of least 
squares regression is applied to a triangle of reported loss ratios to project the ultimate loss ratio in each accident year. Using 
historical loss ratios puts the data for each time period on a more consistent exposure basis, because premium levels are generally 
correlated with insured exposures. A by-product of the regression function is an estimate of credibility for each stage of development. 
In cases where the regression parameters fall outside of a reasonable range, the projection defaults to the incurred loss method.

Selection Process: In determining which reserving method to use for a particular line of business or accident year, diagnostic 
tests of loss ratios and severity trends are considered, as well as the historic case reserve adequacy and claim settlement rate. In 
general, the Incurred Loss Development Method is used if the projections are stable, the data is credible, historic case reserve 
adequacy is consistent, and the loss ratios and loss severities are reasonable. Other reserving methods are considered as well for 
particular lines of business or accident years, along with supplemental information such as open claim counts and prior period 
development. For example, if more than one method provides a reasonable projection, the actuary may select an average of those 
methods. There is considerable judgment applied in the analysis of the historical patterns and in applying business knowledge of 
our underwriting and claims functions.

Reserve ranges provide a quantification of the variability in the loss reserve projections. The primary determinant in estimating 
the loss reserve range boundaries are the variances measured within the historical reserving data for the various lines of business. 
MBE of loss reserves considers the expected variation to establish an appropriate position within a range. At December 31, 2014, 
MBE loss and ALAE reserves for the STFC Pooled Companies’ share of the Pooled Companies’ reserves were $950.5 million, 
within an estimated range of $817.0 million to $984.1 million (dollar amounts presented are on a direct basis, gross of salvage 
and subrogation recoverable, and before reinsurance, except for the STFC Pooled Companies’ participation in the inter-company 
Pooling Arrangement; therefore, these values cannot be compared to other loss and loss expenses payable tables included elsewhere 
within this Form 10-K).

The potential impact of the loss reserve variability on net income can be illustrated using the range end points and carried 
reserve amounts listed above. For example, if ultimate losses reach a level corresponding to the high point of the range, $984.1 
million, the reserve increase of $33.6 million corresponds to an after-tax decrease of $21.8 million in net income, assuming a tax 
rate of 35%. Likewise, should ultimate losses decline to a level corresponding to the low point of the range, $817.0 million, the 
$133.5 million reserve decrease would add $86.8 million of after-tax net income. The loss reserve range noted above represents 
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a  range  of  reasonably  likely  reserves,  not  a  range  of  all  possible  reserves.  Therefore,  the  ultimate  losses  could  reach  levels 
corresponding to reserve amounts outside the range provided.

An  important  assumption  underlying  the  loss  reserve  estimation  methods  for  casualty  lines  is  that  the  loss  cost  trends 
implicitly built into the loss and ALAE patterns will continue into the future. To estimate the sensitivity of reserves to an unexpected 
change in inflation, projected calendar year payment patterns were applied to the December 31, 2014, other & product liability 
loss and ALAE reserve to generate estimated annual incremental loss and ALAE payments for each subsequent calendar year. 
Then, for purposes of sensitivity testing, an additional annual loss cost trend of 10% was added to the trend implicitly embedded 
in the estimated payment pattern, and revised incremental loss and ALAE payments were calculated. This type of inflationary 
increase could arise from a variety of sources including tort law changes, development of new medical procedures, social inflation, 
and other inflationary changes in costs beyond assumed levels.

The estimated cumulative impact that this additional, unexpected 10% increase in the loss cost trend would have on our 
results of operations over the lifetime of the underlying claims in other & product liability is an increase of $71.8 million on 
reserves, or a $46.7 million reduction to net income, assuming a tax rate of 35%. Inflation changes have much more impact on 
the longer tail commercial lines like other & product liability and workers’ compensation, and much less impact on the shorter 
tail personal lines’ reserves.

In addition to establishing loss reserves, as described above, we establish reserves for ULAE. Historical patterns of paid 
ULAE relative to paid loss are analyzed along with historical claim counts including claims opened, claims closed, and claims 
remaining open. The product of this analysis is an estimate of the relationship, or ratio, between ULAE and loss underlying the 
current  loss  reserves.  This  ratio  is  applied  to  the  current  outstanding  loss  reserves  to  estimate  the  required  ULAE  reserve. 
Consequently, this component of the loss expense reserve has a proportional relationship to the overall claim inventory and held 
loss reserves. The method assumes that the underlying claims process and mix of business do not change materially from period 
to period.

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75

The following table sets forth a reconciliation of MBE of our direct loss and ALAE reserve to our net loss and loss expenses 
payable at December 31, 2014 and 2013. The STFC Pooled Companies net additional share of transactions assumed from State 
Auto Mutual through the Pooling Arrangement for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively, has been reflected 
in the table below as assumed by STFC Pooled Companies.

($ millions)
Direct loss and ALAE reserve:
STFC Pooled Companies
Assumed by STFC Pooled Companies
Total direct loss and ALAE reserve

Direct ULAE reserve:
STFC Pooled Companies
Assumed by STFC Pooled Companies

Total direct ULAE reserve

Direct salvage and subrogation recoverable:
STFC Pooled Companies
Assumed by STFC Pooled Companies

Total direct salvage and subrogation recoverable

Reinsurance recoverable
Assumed reinsurance
Reinsurance assumed by STFC Pooled Companies

2014

2013

$

477.8
472.7
950.5

27.0
22.9
49.9

(20.4)
(3.4)
(23.8)
(9.6)
4.5
2.1

509.1
451.0
960.1

29.2
21.8
51.0

(21.4)
(3.3)
(24.7)
(9.1)
5.0
(31.5)

Total losses and loss expenses payable, net of reinsurance recoverable on losses and
loss expenses payable of $9.6 million and $9.1 million in 2014 and 2013, respectively

$

973.6

950.8

The following tables set forth the loss and loss expenses payable by major line of business at December 31, 2014 and 

2013:

($ millions)

December 31, 2014
Personal insurance segment:
Personal auto
Homeowners
Other personal

Total personal

Business insurance segment:
Commercial auto
Commercial multi-peril
Fire & allied lines
Other & product liability
Other commercial

Total business

Specialty insurance segment:
Excess & Surplus property
Excess & Surplus casualty
Programs
Workers' compensation
Total specialty
Total losses and loss expenses payable net of reinsurance
recoverable on losses and loss expenses payable

803Fin.pdf

Ending
Loss &
ALAE
Case &
Formula

Ending
Loss &
ALAE
IBNR

Ending
ULAE
Bulk

Total
Reserves

52.7
4.2
1.7
58.6

31.7
45.3
2.1
94.0
1.0
174.1

6.2
54.2
87.1
88.8
236.3

469.0

9.2
1.9
0.2
11.3

3.4
5.2
0.6
14.0
0.1
23.3

1.2
4.5
1.9
8.2
15.8

50.4

176.0
18.2
7.7
201.9

79.0
94.2
19.9
154.2
2.5
349.8

8.3
69.9
190.1
153.6
421.9

973.6

$

114.1
12.1
5.8
132.0

43.9
43.7
17.2
46.2
1.4
152.4

0.9
11.2
101.1
56.6
169.8

$

454.2

76

($ millions)

December 31, 2013
Personal insurance segment:
Personal auto
Homeowners
Other personal

Total personal

Business insurance segment:
Commercial auto
Commercial multi-peril
Fire & allied lines
Other & product liability
Other commercial

Total business

Specialty insurance segment:
Excess & Surplus property
Excess & Surplus casualty
Programs
Workers' compensation
Total specialty
Total losses and loss expenses payable net of reinsurance
recoverable on losses and loss expenses payable

Ending
Loss &
ALAE
Case &
Formula

Ending
Loss &
ALAE
IBNR

Ending
ULAE
Bulk

Total
Reserves

$

127.7
14.1
7.4
149.2

44.3
45.6
18.7
52.8
1.7
163.1

0.6
11.3
87.5
60.7
160.1

$

472.4

51.5
8.0
3.0
62.5

35.2
40.7
2.8
91.5
1.0
171.2

6.0
46.2
62.0
78.9
193.1

426.8

9.6
2.2
0.2
12.0

3.9
5.2
0.6
15.5
0.1
25.3

0.8
3.6
1.2
8.7
14.3

51.6

188.8
24.3
10.6
223.7

83.4
91.5
22.1
159.8
2.8
359.6

7.4
61.1
150.7
148.3
367.5

950.8

 See discussion in “Results of Operations—Loss and LAE” section included in this Item 7.

The  property  and  casualty  industry  has  experienced  significant  loss  from  claims  related  to  asbestos,  environmental 
remediation, product liability, mold and other mass torts. Because we have insured primarily product retailers and distributors, 
we do not expect to incur the same level of liability, particularly related to asbestos, as companies that have insured manufacturing 
risks.

Asbestos reserves are $1.4 million, and environmental reserves are $10.5 million, for a total of $11.9 million, or 1.2% of 
net losses and loss expenses payable. Asbestos reserves remained the same and environmental reserves increased $0.8 million 
from 2013.

Pension and Postretirement Benefit Obligations

Pension and postretirement benefit obligations are long-term in nature and require management’s judgment in estimating 
the factors used to determine these amounts. We review these factors annually, including the discount rate and expected long-term 
rate of return on plan assets. Because these obligations are based on estimates which could change, the ultimate benefit obligation 
could be different from the amount estimated.

The State Auto Group has a defined benefit pension plan covering substantially all employees hired prior to January 1, 2010 
and a postretirement healthcare plan covering certain associates and retirees (collectively “the benefit plans”). Several factors, 
which attempt to anticipate future events, are used in calculating the expense and liability related to the benefit plans. Key factors 
include assumptions about the expected rates of return on plan assets, discount rates, and health care cost trend rates. We consider 
market  conditions,  including  changes  in  investment  returns  and  interest  rates,  in  making  these  assumptions.  The  actuarial 
assumptions used by us in determining benefit obligations may differ materially from actual results due to changing market and 
economic conditions, higher or lower turnover and retirement rates, or longer or shorter life spans of participants. While we believe 
that the assumptions used are appropriate, differences in actual experience or changes in assumptions may materially affect our 
financial position or results of operations.

In October 2014, the Retirement Plans Experience Committee of the Society of Actuaries released reports summarizing 
updated statistics and analysis for actuaries to consider in the selection of the mortality assumptions used in the valuation of benefit 
plans, including new mortality tables that reflect updated mortality rates observed during 2004 through 2008.  Previously, the 
pension plan valuation utilized a mortality table required to be used for purposes of minimum funding requirements under ERISA.  
For the December 31, 2014 valuation, the RP-2014 mortality table was used as a baseline for the mortality assumption and the 

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MP-2014 improvement scale with indefinite improvement was used to project future mortality rates.  The January 1, 2015 actuarial 
reports of the benefit plans included these revised mortality assumptions.

To calculate the State Auto Group’s December 31, 2014 benefit obligation for each of the benefit plans, we used a discount 
rate of 3.85% based on an evaluation of the expected future benefit cash flows of our benefit plans used in conjunction with the 
Citigroup Pension Discount Curve at the measurement date. A lower discount rate results in, all else being equal, a higher present 
value of the benefit obligation. To calculate our benefit obligation at December 31, 2014 and net periodic benefit cost for the year 
ended December 31, 2015, a discount rate of 3.85% and an expected long-term rate of return on plan assets of 7.00% were used. 
We selected an expected long-term rate of return on our plan assets by considering the mix of investments and stability of investment 
portfolio along with actual investment experience during the lifetime of the plans. Our assumptions regarding the discount rate 
and expected return on plan assets could have a significant effect on the amounts related to our benefit obligations and net periodic 
benefit cost depending on the degree of change between reporting periods.

As a result of adopting the revised mortality assumptions and the change in the discount rate, the benefit plan's liabilities 

increased by $52.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2014.

The following table sets forth an illustration of variability with respect to the discount rate on our share of the State Auto 
Group’s December 31, 2014 benefit obligation and expected net periodic benefit cost for the year ending December 31, 2015, 
along  with  the  variability  of  the  expected  return  on  plan  assets  to  our  expected  net  periodic  benefit  cost  for  the  year  ending 
December 31, 2015. Holding all other assumptions constant, sensitivity to changes in any one of our key assumptions are as 
follows:

($ millions)

Benefit obligation
Net periodic benefit cost (benefit)

Net periodic benefit cost

$
$

$

Pension

Discount rate

Postretirement

Discount rate

(0.25)%

3.85%

0.25%

304.5
17.2

292.5
16.0

281.2
14.8

(0.25)%
24.5
(4.0)

$
$

3.85%

0.25%

23.9
(4.1)

23.3
(4.1)

Expected return on plan assets

(0.25)%

7.00%

0.25%

16.5

16.0

15.5

The accumulated benefit obligation (“ABO”) of a defined benefit pension plan represents the actuarial present value of 
benefits attributed by the pension benefit formula to employee service rendered prior to the measurement date and based on current 
and past compensation levels, while the projected benefit obligation (“PBO”) is the ABO plus a factor for future compensation 
levels. The ABO, which considers current compensation levels only, provides information about the obligation an employer would 
have if the plan were discontinued at the measurement date. At December 31, 2014, our share of the State Auto Group’s ABO and 
PBO was $260.1 million and $292.5 million, respectively.  At December 31, 2014, STFC’s share of the defined benefit pension 
plan’s fair value of the assets was $205.1 million, which resulted in an underfunded status within our balance sheet of $87.4 million. 
On  a  cash  flow  basis,  we  target  an  annual  contribution  level  that  meets  at  least  the  targeted  normal  cost  plus  any  shortfall 
amortizations of the plan, as defined by ERISA. Currently, we expect to make a cash contribution to the pension plan up to $13.0 
million in 2014.

The  unfunded  status  on  the  pension  plan  and  supplemental  executive  retirement  plan  increased  from  $50.6  million  at 
December 31, 2013, to $93.7 million at December 31, 2014. Primarily influencing this increase are actuarial gains and losses 
arising from factors that include a decrease in the discount rate and expected to actual demographic changes, such as retirement 
age, mortality, turnover, rate of compensation changes. In addition, we experienced greater returns on our plan assets. 

See Note 9, “Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans,” to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this 

Form 10-K for further disclosures regarding our benefit plans.

Income Taxes

For 2014, we recognized a federal income tax benefit of $80.6 million compared to federal income tax expense of $0.5 
million for 2013 and a federal income tax benefit of $0.1 million for 2012.  The income tax benefit in 2014 was primarily due to 
the reversal of our deferred tax asset valuation allowance, which resulted in an income tax benefit of $82.6 million.

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities represent the tax effect of the differences between the financial statement carrying 
value of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases.  During 2011, we experienced a net loss driven by the magnitude 

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of record level catastrophe storm losses in the second quarter that significantly exceeded our projections. We considered both 
positive and negative evidence and concluded that a valuation allowance should be established. 

In accordance with the Financial Accounting Standards Board’s Accounting Standards Codification 740, Income Taxes (ASC 
740), we periodically evaluate our deferred tax assets, which requires significant judgment, to determine if they are realizable 
based upon weighing all available evidence, both positive and negative, including our historical and anticipated future taxable 
income. In making such judgments, significant weight is given to evidence that can be objectively verified.

At December 31, 2014, consistent with the above process, we evaluated the need for a valuation allowance against our net 
deferred tax assets and determined that it was more likely than not that our deferred tax asset would be realized.  As a result, in 
accordance with the guidance in ASC 740, we reversed our deferred tax asset valuation allowance and recognized an $82.6 million 
federal income tax benefit in the fourth quarter of 2014.  

The principal positive evidence that led us to determine at December 31, 2014 that the valuation allowance against our net 
deferred tax assets was no longer necessary included (i) three consecutive years of pre-tax income; (ii) cumulative three-year pre-
tax income of $98.7 million through December 31, 2014; and (iii) expected future pre-tax income.  Since the establishment of the 
valuation allowance in the second quarter of 2011, our homeowners line underwriting results, a key contributor to the initial 
establishment of the valuation allowance, have significantly improved.  The improvement in our homeowners underwriting results 
is attributable to actions undertaken by management, including rate increases, deductible expansion, and changes in the geographic 
mix, among others.  See the "Personal Insurance Segment” discussion included in this Item 7 for further information.  Since 2011, 
underwriting results have also been impacted by our RED underwriting results, which have included reserve strengthening in 
2012,  2013  and  2014.    Due  to  the  actions  taken in  2014,  including  the reserve  strengthening  and the  placement of  the ADC 
reinsurance agreement, which provides $40.0 million of adverse development cover over carried Loss and LAE reserves for the 
RED  restaurant  program,  along  with  the  fact  that  the  RED  program  business  has  been  terminated  and  is  in  run-off,  future 
underwriting  results  are  not  expected  to  be  materially  impacted  by  RED  underwriting  results.    See  the  "Specialty  Insurance 
Segment” discussion included in this Item 7 for further information. 

Management anticipates generating taxable income over the next three years that will allow for the realization of all of our 
net operating loss ("NOL") carryforwards prior to the end of 2017.  The NOL carryforwards do not begin to expire until 2030 and 
will not fully expire until 2032. 

The following table sets forth the components of our federal income tax expense for the years ended December 31, 2014 

and 2013:

($ millions)
Income before federal income taxes

Current tax expense 
Deferred tax expense 

Valuation allowance
Total federal income tax (benefit) expense

Net income

2014

2013

$

26.8

$

61.3

0.1
1.9
2.0
(82.6)
(80.6)
107.4 $

0.5
11.8
12.3
(11.8)
0.5
60.8

$

During the year ended December 31, 2013, we recorded current tax expense in the income statement of $0.5 million related 
to the Alternative Minimum Tax (AMT).  AMT is an alternative tax system whereby we calculate our tax and if it is greater than 
regular tax, we provide for the AMT.  In our case, while we had both regular tax and AMT tax net operating loss carryforwards, 
the Internal Revenue Code only allows for a 90% offset of the AMT obligation; whereas, the Internal Revenue Code allows for 
an 100% offset of the regular tax obligation. This resulted in recording a current tax provision. The deferred tax benefit for the 
AMT was offset by the tax valuation allowance, which resulted in a net tax provision for the year ended December 31, 2013. 

Based on ASC 740 intraperiod tax allocation guidelines, the following sets forth the change in valuation allowance attributable 

to continuing operations and other comprehensive income for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013:

($ millions)
Continuing operations
Other comprehensive income

Change in valuation allowance

2014

2013

$

$

(82.6) $
—
(82.6) $

(11.8)
(6.1)
(17.9)

79

803Fin.pdf

See Note 8, “Federal Income Taxes,” to our consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of this Form 10-K for 

further disclosures regarding our income tax matters.

Other

Other items that could have a significant impact on the financial statements include the risks and uncertainties listed in 
Item 1A of this Form 10-K under “Risk Factors.” Actual results could differ materially using different estimates and assumptions, 
or if conditions are significantly different in the future.

Item 7A. Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures about Market Risk

Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures about Market Risk are included in Item 7 of this Form 10-K under “Results of 

Operations—Investment Operations Segment—Market Risk.”

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Our consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto, and the reports of Ernst & Young LLP on our consolidated 

financial statements and our internal controls over financial reporting are as follows:

803Fin.pdf

80

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of

State Auto Financial Corporation

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of State Auto Financial Corporation and subsidiaries as of 
December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders' equity, 
and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014.  Our audits also included the financial statement 
schedules listed in the Index at Item 15(a)(2). These financial statements and schedules are the responsibility of the Company's 
management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedules based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial 
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and 
disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates 
made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a 
reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial 
position of State Auto Financial Corporation and subsidiaries at December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the consolidated results of their 
operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014, in conformity with U.S. generally 
accepted accounting principles.  Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedules, when considered in relation to the 
basic financial statements taken as a whole, present fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), 
State Auto Financial Corporation and subsidiaries’ internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on 
criteria  established  in  Internal  Control-Integrated  Framework  (2013  framework)  issued  by  the  Committee  of  Sponsoring 
Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated March 3, 2015 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Columbus, Ohio

March 3, 2015

803Fin.pdf

81

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of

State Auto Financial Corporation

We  have  audited  State  Auto  Financial  Corporation  and  subsidiaries’  internal  control  over  financial  reporting  as  of            

December 31, 2014, based on criteria established in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring 
Organizations  of  the  Treadway  Commission  (2013  framework)  (the  COSO  criteria).  State  Auto  Financial  Corporation’s 
management  is  responsible  for  maintaining  effective  internal  control  over  financial  reporting,  and  for  its  assessment  of  the 
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal 
Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial 
reporting based on our audit. 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United 
States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal 
control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal 
control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating 
effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in 
the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the 
reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally 
accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that 
(1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions 
of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation 
of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the 
company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide 
reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the company’s 
assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because 
of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, State Auto Financial Corporation and subsidiaries maintained, in all material respects, effective internal 

control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2014, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), 
the consolidated balance sheets of State Auto Financial Corporation and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2014 and 2013, and the 
related consolidated statements of income, comprehensive income, stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the three years 
in the period ended December 31, 2014, and our report dated March 3, 2015, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Columbus, Ohio

March 3, 2015

803Fin.pdf

82

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Company)

Consolidated Balance Sheets

($ and shares in millions, except per share amounts)

Assets

Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value (amortized cost $1,831.3 and $1,804.0,
respectively)

Equity securities, available-for-sale, at fair value (cost $235.5 and $196.6, respectively)
Other invested assets, available-for-sale, at fair value (cost $50.5 and $49.5,
respectively)

Other invested assets
Notes receivable from affiliate

Total investments

Cash and cash equivalents
Accrued investment income and other assets
Deferred policy acquisition costs (affiliated net assumed $46.8 and $19.2, respectively)
Reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses payable
Prepaid reinsurance premiums
Due from affiliate
Current federal income taxes
Net deferred federal income taxes
Property and equipment, at cost (net of accumulated depreciation of $6.1 and $5.8,
respectively)

Total assets
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

Losses and loss expenses payable (affiliated net assumed $494.3 and $438.0,
respectively)
Unearned premiums (affiliated net assumed $201.7 and $78.4, respectively)
Notes payable (affiliates $15.5 and $15.5, respectively)
Postretirement and pension benefits (affiliated net ceded $63.2 and $37.3, respectively)
Due to affiliate
Other liabilities (affiliated net ceded $5.1 and affiliated net assumed $20.0, respectively)

$

$

Total liabilities
Stockholders’ equity:

Class A Preferred stock (nonvoting), without par value. Authorized 2.5 shares; none
issued

Class B Preferred stock, without par value. Authorized 2.5 shares; none issued
Common stock, without par value. Authorized 100.0 shares; 47.7 and 47.5 shares
issued, respectively, at stated value of $2.50 per share

Treasury stock, 6.8 and 6.8 shares, respectively, at cost
Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated other comprehensive income (affiliated net ceded $65.1 and $41.0,
respectively)

Retained earnings
Total stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

803Fin.pdf

83

December 31

2014

2013

$

$

1,891.9
310.4

1,830.1
265.3

80.9
5.0
70.0
2,251.3
80.3
33.6
96.8
9.1
4.7
—
0.3
11.9

8.4
2,496.4

959.9
491.0
100.8
71.6
1.3
86.8
1,711.4

—
—

118.8
(115.9)
137.5

80.8
563.8
785.0
2,496.4

80.3
5.3
70.0
2,357.9
86.3
33.8
126.5
9.6
6.1
40.1
1.1
97.4

8.1
2,766.9

$

983.2
612.4
100.8
117.3
—
80.3
1,894.0

—
—

119.3
(116.0)
143.2

71.7
654.7
872.9
2,766.9

$

$

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Company)

Consolidated Statements of Income

($ millions, except per share amounts)

Year ended December 31
2013

2012

2014

Earned premiums (affiliated net assumed $212.4, $200.0 and $232.9, respectively)
Net investment income (affiliates $4.9, $4.9 and $4.9, respectively)
Net realized gain on investments:

$

1,074.1
74.7

$

1,055.0
72.8

$

1,042.1
75.4

Total other-than-temporary impairment losses
Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income
Other net realized investment gains

Total net realized gain on investments
Other income (affiliates $1.9, $2.0 and $3.6, respectively)

Total revenues

Losses and loss expenses (affiliated net assumed $250.8, $162.5 and $203.7,
respectively)

Acquisition and operating expenses (affiliated net assumed $156.9, $172.7 and
$190.8, respectively)
Interest expense (affiliates $0.7, $0.7 and $0.7, respectively)
Other expenses

Total expenses

Income before federal income taxes
Federal income tax (benefit) expense:

Current
Deferred
Total federal income tax (benefit) expense

Net income
Earnings per common share:

Basic
Diluted

Dividends paid per common share

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

(2.5)
—
23.2
20.7
3.2
1,172.7

(4.0)
—
27.2
23.2
2.0
1,153.0

(3.4)
—
32.4
29.0
3.6
1,150.1

771.3

719.8

778.3

361.9
5.4
7.3
1,145.9
26.8

354.8
8.5
8.6
1,091.7
61.3

345.9
7.0
8.3
1,139.5
10.6

0.1
(80.7)
(80.6)
107.4

2.63
2.60
0.40

$

$
$
$

$

$
$
$

0.5
—
0.5
60.8

1.50
1.49
0.40

$

$
$
$

(0.1)
—
(0.1)
10.7

0.26
0.26
0.55

803Fin.pdf

84

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Company)

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income

($ millions)

Net income
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

Year ended December 31
2013

2012

2014

$

107.4

$

60.8

$

10.7

Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on investments:

Unrealized holding gains (losses) arising during year
Reclassification adjustments for gains realized in net income
Income tax (expense) benefit

Total net unrealized holding gains (losses) on investments

Amortization of gain on derivative used in cash flow hedge
Net unrecognized benefit plan obligations:

Net actuarial (loss) gain arising during period
Reclassification adjustments for amortization to statements of income:

Negative prior service cost
Net actuarial loss

Income tax benefit

Total net unrecognized benefit plan obligations

Other comprehensive (loss) income
Comprehensive income

$

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

59.8
(20.7)
(13.7)
25.4
—

(54.4)

(5.5)
6.9
18.5
(34.5)
(9.1)
98.3

$

(27.1)
(23.2)
10.9
(39.4)
(0.1)

32.5

(5.5)
9.1
—
36.1
(3.4)
57.4

$

53.5
(28.8)
0.6
25.3
(0.1)

(7.4)

(5.2)
7.8
—
(4.8)
20.4
31.1

803Fin.pdf

85

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Company)

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity

Year ended December 31
2013

2012

2014

47.5
0.2
47.7

(6.8)
(6.8)

47.3
0.2
47.5

(6.8)
(6.8)

47.1
0.2
47.3

(6.8)
(6.8)

118.8
0.5
119.3

$

$

118.1
0.7
118.8

$

$

117.8
0.3
118.1

(115.9)
(0.1)
(116.0) $

(115.8)
(0.1)
(115.9) $

(115.8)
—
(115.8)

137.5
2.9
2.8
143.2

80.8
25.4
—

(34.5)
71.7

563.8
107.4
(16.5)
654.7
872.9

$

$

$

$

$

$

131.6
3.4
2.5
137.5

84.2
(39.4)
(0.1)

36.1
80.8

519.1
60.8
(16.1)
563.8
785.0

$

$

$

$

$

$

127.3
1.3
3.0
131.6

63.8
25.3
(0.1)

(4.8)
84.2

530.7
10.7
(22.3)
519.1
737.2

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

(in millions)

Common shares:

Balance at beginning of year
Issuance of shares

Balance at end of year

Treasury shares:

Balance at beginning of year
Balance at end of year

Common stock:

Balance at beginning of year
Issuance of shares

Balance at end of year

Treasury stock:

Balance at beginning of year
Shares acquired on stock option exercises and vested restricted shares

Balance at end of year

Additional paid-in capital:

Balance at beginning of year
Issuance of common stock
Stock options granted

Balance at end of year

Accumulated other comprehensive income:

Balance at beginning of year
Change in unrealized holding gains (losses) on investments, net of tax
Amortization of gain on derivative used in cash flow hedge
Change in unrecognized benefit plan obligations, net of tax and
reclassification adjustments

Balance at end of year

Retained earnings:

Balance at beginning of year
Net income
Cash dividends paid (affiliates $10.2, $10.1 and $13.9, respectively)

Balance at end of year

Total stockholders’ equity at end of year

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

803Fin.pdf

86

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Company)

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

($ millions)

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income

Year ended December 31
2013

2012

2014

$

107.4

$

60.8

$

10.7

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in)
operating activities:

Depreciation and amortization, net
Share-based compensation
Net realized gain on investments
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Deferred policy acquisition (benefits) costs
Accrued investment income and other assets
Postretirement and pension benefits
Reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses payable and
prepaid reinsurance premiums
Other liabilities and due to/from affiliates, net
Losses and loss expenses payable
Unearned premiums
Excess tax benefits on share-based awards
Federal income taxes

Cash used in December 31, 2011 unearned premium transfer related to the
homeowners quota-share reinsurance arrangement
Cash used in pooling changes, December 31, 2011 and January 1, 2011

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities:

Purchases of fixed maturities available-for-sale
Purchases of equity securities available-for-sale
Purchases of other invested assets
Maturities, calls and pay downs of fixed maturities available-for-sale
Sales of fixed maturities available-for-sale
Sales of equity securities available-for-sale
Sales of other invested assets available-for-sale
Net additions of property and equipment
Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from issuance of common stock
Payments to acquire treasury stock
Payments of dividends (affiliates $10.2, $10.1 and $13.9, respectively)
Payment of credit facility issue costs
Excess tax benefits on share-based awards
Proceeds from long-term debt
Redemption of long-term debt
Net cash used in financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
Supplemental disclosures:

Interest paid (affiliates $0.7, $0.7 and $0.7, respectively)
Federal income taxes paid (received)

$

$

$

$

$

$

$
$

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

87

803Fin.pdf

11.7
3.6
(20.7)

(29.7)
0.2
(7.3)

(1.9)
(50.8)
23.3
121.4
—
(81.6)

—
—
75.6

$

(431.4) $
(119.0)
(1.8)
232.4
163.5
99.2
0.6
—
(56.5) $

13.5
4.1
(23.2)

(5.1)
(2.3)
(5.3)

3.6
(0.9)
17.7
9.4
0.1
(0.3)

—
—
72.1

$

(326.7) $
(86.0)
(5.5)
174.6
113.3
106.4
0.7
0.2
(23.0) $

$

3.5
(0.1)
(16.5)
—
—
—
—
(13.1) $
6.0
80.3
86.3

$

$

4.0
(0.1)
(16.1)
(0.5)
(0.1)
85.0
(100.0)
(27.8) $
21.3
59.0
80.3

$

7.1
3.5
(29.0)

—
(1.4)
(4.6)

16.0
(9.8)
35.1
11.4
—
12.3

(75.5)
(261.4)
(285.6)

(540.4)
(143.0)
(1.1)
257.0
332.8
101.8
0.7
1.5
9.3

1.6
—
(22.3)
—
—
—
—
(20.7)
(297.0)
356.0
59.0

5.2
1.0

$
$

8.5
0.8

$
$

7.0
(12.4)

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Company)

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

1. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

a. Principles of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include State Auto Financial Corporation (“State Auto Financial”), an Ohio corporation, 

and the following wholly owned subsidiaries of State Auto Financial:

• 

State Auto Property and Casualty Insurance Company (“State Auto P&C”), an Iowa corporation

•  Milbank Insurance Company (“Milbank”), an Iowa corporation

• 

• 

State Auto Insurance Company of Ohio (“SA Ohio”), an Ohio corporation

Stateco Financial Services, Inc. (“Stateco”), an Ohio corporation

The consolidated financial statements also include the operations and financial position of 518 Property Management and 
Leasing, LLC (“518 PML”), an Ohio limited liability company whose only members are State Auto P&C and Stateco. Farmers 
Casualty Insurance Company ("Farmers"), a former wholly owned subsidiary of State Auto Financial, was merged with State Auto 
P&C at the close of business on December 31, 2012. 

State Auto Financial is a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Company (“State Auto Mutual”), 
an Ohio corporation. State Auto Financial and its subsidiaries are referred to herein as the “Company.” All intercompany balances 
and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

b. Description of Business

The Company markets its insurance products throughout the United States primarily through independent agencies, which 
include  retail  agencies  and  wholesale  brokers. The  Company’s  principal  lines  of  insurance  include  personal  and  commercial 
automobile, homeowners, commercial multi-peril, workers’ compensation, general liability and fire insurance. State Auto P&C, 
Milbank and SA Ohio are chartered and licensed property and casualty insurers. As such, they are subject to the regulations of the 
applicable Departments of Insurance of their respective states of domicile (the “Departments”) and the regulations of each state 
in which they operate. These property and casualty insurance companies undergo periodic financial examination by the Departments 
and insurance regulatory agencies of the states that choose to participate. A large portion of the Company’s revenues are derived 
from  a  reinsurance  pooling  agreement  with  State Auto  Mutual  and  its  affiliates.  The  underwriting  activity  and  geographic 
distribution of State Auto Mutual and its affiliates is generally the same as the underwriting activity and geographic distribution 
of the Company.

Through the employees of State Auto P&C, the Company provides management and operation services under management 

agreements for all of its insurance and non-insurance affiliates.

Through Stateco, the Company provides investment management services to affiliated companies.

518 PML owns and leases property to the Company’s affiliates.

c. Basis of Presentation

The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles 
(“GAAP”), which vary in certain respects from statutory accounting practices (“SAP”) followed by State Auto P&C, Milbank and 
SA Ohio that are prescribed or permitted by the Departments.

The Company's insurance subsidiaries, domiciled in Ohio and Iowa, are required to prepare statutory financial statements 
in  accordance  with  the  accounting  practices  prescribed  or  permitted  by  the  insurance  departments  of  the  states  of  domicile. 
Prescribed statutory accounting practices are those practices that are incorporated directly or by reference in state laws, regulations, 
and  general  administrative  rules  applicable  to  all  insurance  enterprises  domiciled  in  a  particular  state.  The  Ohio  and  Iowa 
Departments of Insurance require insurers domiciled in their respective states to prepare statutory financial statements in accordance 
with National Association of Insurance Commissioners' ("NAIC") statutory accounting practices. Permitted statutory accounting 
practices are those practices that differ either from state-prescribed statutory accounting practices or NAIC statutory accounting 

803Fin.pdf

88

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

practices. The  Company's  insurance  subsidiaries  do  not  apply  any  statutory  accounting  practices  that  would  be  considered  a 
prescribed statutory accounting practice that differs from NAIC statutory accounting practices.

In preparing the consolidated financial statements, management is required to make estimates and assumptions that affect 
the reported amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the balance sheet, revenues and expenses for the periods then ended, 
and the accompanying notes to the financial statements. Such estimates and assumptions could change in the future as more 
information becomes known which could impact the amounts reported and disclosed herein.

Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of losses 
and loss expenses payable and the realization of deferred tax assets. In connection with the determination of losses and loss expenses 
payable,  management  uses  historical  data,  current  business  conditions  and  assumptions  about  future  conditions  to  formulate 
estimates of the ultimate cost to settle claims. Deferred tax assets are evaluated periodically by management to determine if they 
are realizable, requiring management to make certain judgments and assumptions. In evaluating the ability to recover deferred tax 
assets,  management  considers  all  available  evidence,  including  loss  carryback  potential,  past  operating  results,  existence  of 
cumulative losses in the most recent years, projected performance of the business, future taxable income, including the ability to 
generate capital gains, and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. If, based on available information, it is more likely than 
not that the deferred income tax assets will not be realized, then a valuation allowance must be established with a corresponding 
charge to net income and/or other comprehensive income (loss). These estimates by their nature are subject to uncertainties for 
various reasons.

d. Investments

Investments in fixed maturities, equity securities and certain other invested assets are classified as available-for-sale and are 
carried at fair value. The unrealized holding gains and losses, net of applicable deferred income taxes, are shown as a separate 
component of stockholders’ equity as a part of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and, as such, are not included in 
the determination of net income. Realized gains and losses on the sales of investments are computed using the first-in, first-out 
method.

The Company views gross  unrealized losses on fixed maturities and equity securities as  being temporary since  it is its 
assessment that these securities will recover in the near term, allowing the Company to realize the anticipated long-term economic 
value.  The Company regularly monitors its investments that have fair values less than cost or amortized cost for signs of other-
than-temporary impairment, an assessment that requires significant management judgment regarding the evidence known. Such 
judgments could change in the future as more information becomes known, which could negatively impact the amounts reported. 
Among the factors that management considers for fixed maturity securities are the financial condition of the issuer, including 
receipt of scheduled principal and interest cash flows, and intent to sell, including if it is more likely than not that the Company 
will be required to sell the investments before recovery. When a fixed maturity security has been determined to have an other-
than-temporary impairment, the impairment charge is separated into an amount representing the credit loss, which is recognized 
in earnings as a realized loss and the amount related to non-credit factors, which is recognized in other comprehensive income. 
Future increases or decreases in fair value, if not other-than-temporary, are included in other comprehensive income.

Among the factors that management considers for equity securities and other invested assets are the length of time and/or 
the significance of decline below cost, the Company’s ability and intent to hold these securities through their recovery periods, 
the current financial condition of the issuer and its future business prospects, and the ability of the market value to recover to cost 
in the near term. When an equity security or other invested asset has been determined to have a decline in fair value that is other-
than-temporary, the cost basis of the security is adjusted to fair value. This results in a charge to earnings as a realized loss, which 
is not reversed for subsequent recoveries in fair value. Future increases or decreases in fair value, if not other-than-temporary, are 
included in other comprehensive income.

e. Cash Equivalents

The Company considers all liquid debt instruments with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The 

carrying amounts reported approximate their fair value.

f. Deferred Acquisition Costs

Acquisition costs, consisting of net commissions (including ceding commissions), premium taxes and certain underwriting 
expenses related to the successful acquisition or renewal of property and casualty business, are deferred and amortized over the 
same period in which the related premiums are earned.  Ceding commissions relating to reinsurance agreements reimburse us for 
both deferrable and non-deferrable acquisition costs.  To the extent these ceding commissions exceed the deferrable amount of 
89

803Fin.pdf

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

acquisition costs, the excess is reported as a deferred liability and is included in other liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet. 
Excess ceding commissions are amortized in proportion to net revenue recognized on the underlying policies resulting in excess 
ceding commissions being recognized as a reduction of acquisition and operating expenses.

The method followed for computing the acquisition costs limits the amount of such deferred costs to their estimated realizable 
value. In determining estimated realizable value, the computation gives effect to the premium to be earned, losses and loss expenses 
expected to be incurred, and certain other costs expected to be incurred as premium is earned.  Future changes in estimates, the 
most significant of which is expected losses and loss adjustment expenses, that indicate a reduction in expected future profitability 
may result in unrecoverable deferred acquisition costs. Anticipated investment income is considered in determining whether a 
premium deficiency exists.

The following table sets forth net deferred acquisition costs for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

($ millions)
Balance, beginning of year

Acquisition costs deferred
Acquisition costs amortized to expense

Balance, end of year

2014

2013

2012

$

$

96.8
251.5
(221.8)
126.5

$

$

91.7
214.6
(209.5)
96.8

$

$

91.7
213.1
(213.1)
91.7

g. Federal Income Taxes

The Company files a consolidated federal income tax return. Pursuant to a written tax sharing agreement, each entity within 

the consolidated group pays or receives its share of federal income taxes based on separate return calculations.

The Company recognizes deferred income tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax effects attributable to temporary 
differences between the financial statement and tax return bases of assets and liabilities, based on enacted tax rates and other 
provisions of the tax law. The effect of a change in tax laws or rates on deferred tax assets and liabilities is recognized in income 
in the period in which such change is enacted. Deferred tax assets and liabilities include provisions for unrealized investment gains 
and losses as well as the net funded status of pension and other postretirement benefit obligations with the changes for each period 
included in the respective components of other comprehensive income. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance 
if it is more likely than not that all or some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

Interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions are recorded in the balance sheet as other liabilities, and recognized 

in the income statement as other expenses.

h. Losses and Loss Expenses Payable

Losses and loss expenses payable are based on formula and case-basis estimates for reported claims and on estimates, based 
on experience and perceived trends, for unreported claims and loss expenses. The liability for unpaid losses and loss expenses, 
net  of  estimated  salvage  and  subrogation  recoverable  of  $23.8  million  and  $24.7  million  at  December 31,  2014  and  2013, 
respectively, has been established to cover the estimated ultimate cost to settle insured losses. The amounts are based on estimates 
of future rates of inflation and other factors, and accordingly, there can be no assurance that the ultimate liability will not vary 
materially from such estimates. The estimates are continually reviewed and adjusted as necessary; such adjustments are included 
in current operations (see Note 4). Anticipated salvage and subrogation is estimated using historical experience. As such, losses 
and loss expenses payable represent management’s best estimate of the ultimate liability related to reported and unreported claims.

i. Premiums

Premiums are recognized as earned prorata over the policy period. Unearned premiums represent the portion of premiums 

written relative to the unexpired terms of coverage.

j. Comprehensive Income

Comprehensive income is defined as all changes in an enterprise’s equity during a period other than those resulting from 
investments by owners and distributions to owners.  Comprehensive income includes net income and other comprehensive income. 
Other comprehensive income includes all other non-owner related changes to equity and includes net unrealized gains and losses 
on available-for-sale investments, derivative instruments and unrecognized benefit plan obligations, adjusted for deferred federal 
income taxes.

90

803Fin.pdf

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

2. Investments

The following tables set forth the cost or amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale securities by lot at December 31, 

2014 and 2013: 

December 31, 2014
Fixed maturities:

U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S.
government agencies

Obligations of states and political subdivisions
Corporate securities
U.S. government agencies residential mortgage-backed
securities

Total fixed maturities

Equity securities:

Large-cap securities
Small-cap securities

Total equity securities

Other invested assets
Total available-for-sale securities

December 31, 2013
Fixed maturities:

U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S.
government agencies

Obligations of states and political subdivisions
Corporate securities
U.S. government agencies residential mortgage-backed
securities

Total fixed maturities

Equity securities:

Large-cap securities
Small-cap securities

Total equity securities

Other invested assets
Total available-for-sale securities

Cost or
amortized
cost

Gross
unrealized
holding
gains

Gross
unrealized
holding
losses

Fair
value

$

$

$

$

$

296.7
742.5
333.4

458.7
1,831.3

185.5
50.0
235.5
50.5
2,117.3

Cost or
amortized
cost

345.5
765.3
345.0

348.2
1,804.0

148.2
48.4
196.6
49.5
2,050.1

$

$

$

14.1
27.4
10.2

15.6
67.3

57.3
18.2
75.5
29.8
172.6

Gross
unrealized
holding
gains

13.4
25.8
11.4

9.7
60.3

46.5
22.5
69.0
31.4
160.7

$

$

$

$

(1.5) $
(0.4)
(3.0)

(1.8)
(6.7)

(0.6)
—
(0.6)
—
(7.3) $

309.3
769.5
340.6

472.5
1,891.9

242.2
68.2
310.4
80.3
2,282.6

Gross
unrealized
holding
losses

Fair
value

(6.5) $
(16.9)
(6.7)

(4.1)
(34.2)

(0.3)
—
(0.3)
—
(34.5) $

352.4
774.2
349.7

353.8
1,830.1

194.4
70.9
265.3
80.9
2,176.3

803Fin.pdf

91

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

The following tables set forth the Company’s gross unrealized losses and fair value on its investments by lot, aggregated by 
investment  category  and  length  of  time  for  individual  securities  that  have  been  in  a  continuous  unrealized  loss  position  at 
December 31, 2014 and 2013: 

Total temporarily impaired securities

$ 120.7

$

December 31, 2014

Fixed maturities:

U.S. treasury securities and
obligations of U.S.
government agencies

Obligations of states and
political subdivisions

Corporate securities

U.S. government agencies
residential mortgage-backed
securities

Total fixed maturities

Large-cap equity securities

December 31, 2013

Fixed maturities:

U.S. treasury securities and
obligations of U.S.
government agencies

Obligations of states and
political subdivisions

Corporate securities

U.S. government agencies
residential mortgage-backed
securities

Total fixed maturities

Large-cap equity securities

Less than 12 months

12 months or more

Total

Fair
value

Unrealized
losses

Number
of
positions

Fair
value

Unrealized
losses

Number
of
positions

Fair
value

Unrealized
losses

Number
of
positions

$

19.9

$

(0.3)

6.1

43.5

44.0

113.5

7.2

—

(0.9)

(0.3)

(1.5)

(0.6)

(2.1)

4

5

8

8

25

2

27

$

52.0

$

(1.2)

17

$

71.9

$

(1.5)

30.9

56.1

37.5

176.5

—

$ 176.5

$

(0.4)

(2.1)

(1.5)

(5.2)

—

(5.2)

9

11

13

50

—

50

37.0

99.6

81.5

290.0

7.2

$ 297.2

$

(0.4)

(3.0)

(1.8)

(6.7)

(0.6)

(7.3)

21

14

19

21

75

2

77

Less than 12 months

12 months or more

Total

Fair
value

Unrealized
losses

Number
of
positions

Fair
value

Unrealized
losses

Number
of
positions

Fair
value

Unrealized
losses

Number
of
positions

$ 109.6

$

(6.5)

29

$

— $

—

— $ 109.6

$

(6.5)

206.4

105.6

103.6

525.2

5.3

(14.7)

(3.2)

(3.3)

(27.7)

(0.3)

76

22

25

152

2

25.6

40.9

19.3

85.8

—

(2.2)

(3.5)

(0.8)

(6.5)

—

(6.5)

7

8

10

25

—

25

232.0

146.5

122.9

611.0

5.3

(16.9)

(6.7)

(4.1)

(34.2)

(0.3)

$ 616.3

$

(34.5)

29

83

30

35

177

2

179

Total temporarily impaired securities

$ 530.5

$

(28.0)

154

$

85.8

$

The following table sets forth the realized losses related to other-than-temporary impairments on the Company’s investment 

portfolio recognized for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

($ millions)
Equity securities:

Large-cap securities
Small-cap securities

Fixed maturities

Total other-than-temporary impairments

2014

2013

2012

$

$

(0.3) $
(2.2)
—
(2.5) $

(1.8) $
(2.2)
—
(4.0) $

—
(3.2)
(0.2)
(3.4)

The  Company  reviewed  its  investments  at  December 31,  2014,  and  determined  no  additional  other-than-temporary 

impairment exists in the gross unrealized holding losses.

803Fin.pdf

92

 
 
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

The following table sets forth the amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale fixed maturities by contractual maturity 

at December 31, 2014:

($ millions)

Due in 1 year or less
Due after 1 year through 5 years
Due after 5 years through 10 years
Due after 10 years
U.S. government agencies residential mortgage-backed securities

Total

Amortized
cost

Fair
value

$

$

55.7
369.8
299.9
647.2
458.7
1,831.3

$

$

56.5
382.4
312.4
668.1
472.5
1,891.9

Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay the obligations 

with or without call or prepayment penalties.

At December 31, 2014, State Auto P&C had fixed maturity securities, with a carrying value of approximately $85.0 million, 
that were pledged as collateral for the FHLB Loan (as defined in Note 7).  In accordance with the terms of the FHLB Loan, State 
Auto P&C retains all rights regarding these securities, which are included in the "U.S. government agencies residential mortgage-
backed securities" classification of the Company's fixed maturity securities portfolio.

Fixed maturities with fair values of approximately $8.8 million and $8.7 million were on deposit with insurance regulators 

as required by law at December 31, 2014 and 2013, respectively.

The following table sets forth the components of net investment income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 

2012:

($ millions)
Fixed maturities
Equity securities
Cash and cash equivalents, and other

Investment income

Investment expenses

Net investment income

2014

2013

2012

$

$

64.3
6.2
6.2
76.7
2.0
74.7

$

$

63.2
6.0
5.7
74.9
2.1
72.8

$

$

66.9
4.9
5.6
77.4
2.0
75.4

The Company’s current investment strategy does not rely on the use of derivative financial instruments.

Proceeds on sales of available-for-sale securities in 2014, 2013 and 2012 were $263.3 million, $220.4 million and $435.3 

million, respectively.

803Fin.pdf

93

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

The following table sets forth the realized and unrealized holding gains (losses) on the Company’s investment portfolio for 

the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

($ millions)
Realized gains:

Fixed maturities
Equity securities
Other invested assets

Total realized gains

Realized losses:

Equity securities:

Sales
OTTI
Fixed maturities:

Sales
OTTI

Total realized losses

Net realized gains on investments
Change in unrealized holding gains (losses), net of tax:

Fixed maturities
Equity securities
Other invested assets
Deferred federal income tax
Valuation allowance

Change in unrealized holding gains (losses), net of tax

2014

2013

2012

$

$

$

$

$

3.1
21.3
0.1
24.5

(1.3)
(2.5)

—
—
(3.8)
20.7

34.5
6.2
(1.6)
(13.7)
—
25.4

$

$

$

$

2.5
26.1
0.1
28.7

(1.2)
(4.0)

(0.3)
—
(5.5)
23.2

$

(102.8) $
36.5
16.0
17.6
(6.7)
(39.4) $

15.7
19.0
0.1
34.8

(2.6)
(3.2)

—
(0.2)
(6.0)
28.8

11.3
6.6
6.8
(8.6)
9.2
25.3

There was a deferred federal income tax liability on the net unrealized holding gains at December 31, 2014 of $55.3 million 
and a deferred federal income tax liability, net of a valuation allowance, on the net unrealized holding gains at December 31, 2013 
of $41.6 million.

3. Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Below is the fair value hierarchy that categorizes into three levels the inputs to valuation techniques that are used to measure 

fair value.

•  Level 1 includes observable inputs which reflect quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in active markets at the 

measurement date.

•  Level 2 includes observable inputs for assets or liabilities other than quoted prices included in Level 1, and it includes 

valuation techniques which use prices for similar assets and liabilities.

•  Level  3  includes  unobservable  inputs  which  reflect  the  reporting  entity’s  estimates  of  the  assumptions  that  market 

participants would use in pricing the asset or liability (including assumptions about risk).

The Company utilizes one nationally recognized pricing service to estimate the majority of its available-for-sale investment 
portfolio’s fair value. The Company obtains one price per security. The Company’s processes and control procedures are designed 
to ensure the price is accurately recorded on an unadjusted basis. Through discussions with the pricing service, the Company 
obtains an understanding of the methodologies used to price the different types of securities, that the data and the valuation methods 
utilized are appropriate and consistently applied, and that the assumptions are reasonable and representative of fair value. To 
validate the reasonableness of the valuations obtained from the pricing service, the Company compares the valuations received to 
other fair value pricing from other independent pricing sources. At December 31, 2014 and 2013, the Company did not adjust any 
of the prices received from the pricing service.

803Fin.pdf

94

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

Transfers between levels may occur due to changes in the availability of market observable inputs. Transfers in and out of 
levels are reported as having occurred at the beginning of the quarter in which the transfer occurred. There were no transfers 
between levels during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.

The following sections describe the valuation methods used by the Company for each type of financial instrument carried 

at fair value.

Fixed Maturities

The  fair  value  estimate  of  the  Company’s  fixed  maturity  investments  are  determined  by  evaluations  that  are  based  on 
observable market information rather than market quotes. Inputs to the evaluations include, but are not limited to, market prices 
from recently completed transactions and transactions of comparable securities, interest rate yield curves, credit spreads, and other 
market-observable  information.  The  fixed  maturity  portfolio  pricing  obtained  from  the  pricing  service  is  reviewed  for 
reasonableness. Regularly, samples of security prices are referred back to the pricing service for more detailed explanation as to 
how the pricing service arrived at that particular price. The explanations are reviewed for reasonableness by the portfolio manager 
or investment officer. Additionally, the prices and assumptions are verified against an alternative pricing source for reasonableness 
and  accuracy. Any  discrepancies  with  the  pricing  are  returned  to  the  pricing  service  for  further  explanation  and  if  necessary, 
adjustments are made. To date, the Company has not identified any significant discrepancies in the pricing provided by its third 
party pricing service. Investments valued using these inputs include U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government 
agencies, obligations of states and political subdivisions, corporate securities (except for two securities discussed below), and U.S. 
government agencies residential mortgage-backed securities. All unadjusted estimates of fair value for fixed maturities priced by 
the pricing service are included in the amounts disclosed in Level 2 of the hierarchy. If market inputs are unavailable, then no fair 
value  is  provided  by  the  pricing  service.  For  these  securities,  fair  value  is  determined  either  by  requesting  brokers  who  are 
knowledgeable about these securities to provide a quote; or the Company internally determines the fair values by employing widely 
accepted pricing valuation models, and depending on the level of observable market inputs, renders the fair value estimate as Level 
2 or Level 3.  The Company holds two fixed maturity corporate securities included in Level 3. The Company estimates the fair 
value of one security using the present value of the future cash flows and the Company obtains a broker quote of the other security’s 
fair value. Due to the limited amount of observable market information for both of these securities, the Company includes the fair 
value estimates in Level 3.

Equities

The fair value of each equity security is based on an observable market price for an identical asset in an active market and 
is priced by the same pricing service discussed above. All equity securities are recorded using unadjusted market prices and have 
been disclosed in Level 1.

Other Invested Assets

Included in other invested assets are two international funds (“the funds”) that invest in equity securities of foreign issuers 
and are managed by third party investment managers. The funds had a fair value of $72.9 million and $74.2 million at December 31, 
2014 and 2013, respectively, which was determined using each fund’s net asset value. The Company employs procedures to assess 
the reasonableness of the fair value of the funds including obtaining and reviewing each fund’s audited financial statements. There 
are no unfunded commitments related to the funds. The Company may not sell its investment in the funds; however, the Company 
may redeem all or a portion of its investment in the funds at net asset value per share with the appropriate prior written notice. 
The funds are disclosed in Level 2 within the hierarchy due to the Company’s ability to redeem its investment in the funds at net 
asset value per share at the measurement date.

The remainder of the Company’s other invested assets consist of holdings in publicly-traded mutual funds. The Company 
believes that its prices for these publicly-traded mutual funds, based on an observable market price for an identical asset in an 
active market, reflect their fair values and consequently these securities have been disclosed in Level 1.

803Fin.pdf

95

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

The following tables set forth the Company’s available-for-sale investments within the fair value hierarchy at December 31, 

2014 and 2013:

($ millions)

December 31, 2014
Fixed maturities:

U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S.
government agencies
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
Corporate securities
U.S. government agencies residential mortgage-backed
securities

Total fixed maturities

Equity securities:

Large-cap securities
Small-cap securities

Total equity securities

Other invested assets
Total available-for-sale investments

($ millions)

December 31, 2013
Fixed maturities:

U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S.
government agencies

Obligations of states and political subdivisions
Corporate securities
U.S. government agencies residential mortgage-backed
securities

Total fixed maturities

Equity securities:

Large-cap securities
Small-cap securities

Total equity securities

Other invested assets
Total available-for-sale investments

Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical
assets
(Level 1)

Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)

Total

$

309.3
769.5
340.6

— $
—
—

$

309.3
769.5
331.2

472.5
1,891.9

242.2
68.2
310.4
80.3
2,282.6

$

—
—

242.2
68.2
310.4
7.4
317.8

$

472.5
1,882.5

—
—
—
72.9
1,955.4

$

—
—
9.4

—
9.4

—
—
—
—
9.4

Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical
assets
(Level 1)

Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)

Total

$

352.4
774.2
349.7

— $
—
—

$

352.4
774.2
340.8

353.8
1,830.1

194.4
70.9
265.3
80.9
2,176.3

$

—
—

194.4
70.9
265.3
6.7
272.0

$

353.8
1,821.2

—
—
—
74.2
1,895.4

$

—
—
8.9

—
8.9

—
—
—
—
8.9

$

$

$

$

96

803Fin.pdf

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

For assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), the following tables 

set forth a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances for 2014 and 2013, separately for each major category of assets: 

($ millions)

Balance at January 1, 2014

Total realized gains (losses)—included in earnings
Total unrealized gains (losses)—included in other comprehensive income
Purchases
Sales
Transfers into Level 3
Transfers out of Level 3
Balance at December 31, 2014

($ millions)

Balance at January 1, 2013

Total realized gains (losses)—included in earnings
Total unrealized gains (losses)—included in other comprehensive income
Purchases
Sales
Transfers into Level 3
Transfers out of Level 3
Balance at December 31, 2013

Fixed
maturities

8.9
—
0.2
0.3
—
—
—
9.4  

Fixed
maturities

8.5
—
0.2
0.2
—
—
—
8.9

$

$

$

$

803Fin.pdf

97

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

Financial Instruments Disclosed, But Not Carried, At Fair Value

Other Invested Assets

Included in other invested assets are the FHLB membership common stock ("FHLB common stock"), purchased when 
State Auto P&C joined the FHLB in 2013, and the Trust Securities (as defined in Note 6b). The Trust Securities and FHLB 
common stock are carried at cost, which approximates fair value. The fair value of the FHLB common stock at December 31, 
2014 was $4.8 million and the fair value of the Trust Securities were $0.5 million.  Both investments have been placed in Level 
3 of the fair value hierarchy.  

Notes Receivable from Affiliates

In May 2009, the Company entered into two separate credit agreements with State Auto Mutual pursuant to which it loaned 
State Auto Mutual a total of $70.0 million. The Company estimates the fair value of the notes receivable from affiliates using 
market quotations for U.S. treasury securities with similar maturity dates and applies an appropriate credit spread. This has been 
placed in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.

($ millions, except interest rates)

December 31, 2014
Fair
value

Carrying
value

Interest
rate

Carrying
value

December 31, 2013
Fair
value

Interest
rate

Notes receivable from affiliate

$

70.0

$

74.6

7.00% $

70.0

$

74.6

7.00%

Notes Payable

Included in notes payable are the FHLB Loan and Subordinated Debentures. The Company estimates the fair value of the 
FHLB Loan by discounting cash flows using a borrowing rate currently available to the Company for a loan with similar terms. 
This has been placed in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. The carrying amount of the Subordinated Debentures approximates its 
fair value as the interest rate adjusts quarterly and has been disclosed in Level 3.

($ millions, except interest rates)

December 31, 2014
Fair
Value

Carrying
value

Interest
rate

Carrying
value

December 31, 2013
Fair
value

Interest
rate

FHLB Loan due 2033:, issued $85.0,
July 2013 with fixed interest

Affiliate Subordinated Debentures due
2033: issued $15.5, May 2003 with
variable interest

Total notes payable

$

$

85.3

$

86.4

5.03% $

85.3

$

85.7

5.03%

15.5
100.8

$

15.5
101.9

4.44%

15.5
100.8

$

15.5
101.2

$

4.44%

803Fin.pdf

98

 
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

4. Losses and Loss Expenses Payable

The following table sets forth the activity in the liability for losses and loss expenses for the years ended December 31:

($ millions)
Losses and loss expenses payable, at beginning of year
Less: reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses payable

Net balance at beginning of year

$

Incurred related to:
Current year
Prior years

Total incurred

Paid related to:

Current year
Prior years

Total paid
Net balance at end of year
Plus: reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses payable
Losses and loss expenses payable, at end of year (affiliates $494.3, $438.0 and
$435.1, respectively)

2014

2013

2012

959.9
9.1
950.8

726.2
45.1
771.3

373.2
375.3
748.5
973.6
9.6

$

$

942.2
13.5
928.7

741.0
(21.2)
719.8

355.0
342.7
697.7
950.8
9.1

907.1
25.5
881.6

795.2
(16.9)
778.3

397.2
334.0
731.2
928.7
13.5

$

983.2

$

959.9

$

942.2

The Company recorded adverse development related to prior years' loss and loss expense reserves in 2014 of $45.1 million, 
compared to favorable development for 2013 and 2012 of $21.2 million and $16.9 million, respectively. Favorable development 
of  unallocated  loss  adjustment  expenses  contributed  approximately  $12.5  million  of  the  2014  development,  while  favorable 
development of catastrophe reserves was approximately $5.2 million, which was slightly lower than 2013.  The personal and 
business insurance segments non-catastrophe loss and ALAE reserves accounted for $23.1 million of favorable development.    The 
business  insurance  segment  contributed  $16.7  million  of  favorable  development,  driven  by  the  other &  product  liability  and 
commercial auto lines with $11.9 million and $5.3 million of favorable development, respectively.  The favorable development 
in these lines was driven by the emergence of lower than anticipated claim severity from accident years 2012 and prior.  The 
personal insurance segment contributed $6.4 million of favorable development, primarily from accident year 2013.  Somewhat 
offsetting the favorable development was adverse development of $2.1 million in the commercial multi-peril line, driven by third 
party liability coverage.  The specialty insurance segment non-catastrophe loss and ALAE reserves accounted for $85.9 million 
of  adverse  development,  driven  by  RED  reserve  strengthening  of  $96.7  million  related  to  a  large  restaurant  program  and  a 
commercial auto trucking program. Somewhat offsetting the unfavorable development was favorable development of $5.7 million 
in the Workers' compensation unit, $3.9 million in the E&S property unit and $2.1 million in the E&S casualty unit.  These results 
were driven by better than anticipated severity emerging from the 2012 and 2013 accident years.

Favorable  development  of  unallocated  loss  adjustment  expenses  contributed  approximately  $8.0  million  of  the  2013 
development, while $5.4 million was attributable to favorable development on catastrophe reserves, which is lower than 2012, 
but, in line with the Company's historical favorable development. The personal and business insurance segments non-catastrophe 
loss and ALAE reserves accounted for $18.3 million of favorable development driven by the other & product liability, commercial 
auto and homeowners lines with $8.3 million, $8.0 million and $2.9 million of favorable development, respectively.  The favorable 
development in these lines was driven by the emergence of lower than anticipated claim severity.  Somewhat offsetting the favorable 
development  was  adverse  development  in  the  personal  auto  line,  specifically  the  no-fault  coverage.   The  specialty  insurance 
segment non-catastrophe loss and ALAE reserves accounted for $10.5 million of adverse development, driven by RED reserve 
strengthening of $21.3 million related to a large restaurant program and a commercial auto trucking program. Somewhat offsetting 
the unfavorable development was favorable development of workers' compensation reserves of $12.3 million driven by better than 
anticipated severity emerging across all accident years, with approximately one third coming from accident year 2012.

Favorable development on prior years loss adjustment expense reserves contributed approximately $6.3 million of the 2012 
development, while $10.4 million was attributable to favorable development on catastrophe reserves from accident year 2011. The 
personal and business insurance segments' non-catastrophe loss and ALAE reserves accounted for $28.0 million of favorable 
development related to the latest three accident years, primarily in the personal auto liability, other & product liability, and fire & 
allied lines with $10.5 million, $9.4 million and $5.1 million of favorable development, respectively. The favorable development 
in these lines was driven by emergence of lower than anticipated claim severity.  The specialty insurance segment non-catastrophe 

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803Fin.pdf

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

loss and ALAE reserves accounted for $27.8 million of adverse development related to the latest two accident years, which was 
driven by RED reserve strengthening.

5. Reinsurance

In the ordinary course of business, the Company assumes and cedes reinsurance with other insurers and reinsurers and is a 
member in various pools and associations. See Note 6a for discussion of reinsurance with affiliates. The voluntary arrangements 
provide greater diversification of business and limit the maximum net loss potential arising from large risks and catastrophes. Most 
of the ceded reinsurance is effected under reinsurance contracts known as treaties; the remainder is by negotiation on individual 
risks. Although the ceding of reinsurance does not discharge the original insurer from its primary liability to its policyholder, the 
insurance company that assumes the coverage assumes the related liability.

Amounts recoverable from reinsurers are estimated in a manner consistent with the claim liability associated with the reinsured 
business. The recoverability of these assets depends on the reinsurers’ ability to perform under the reinsurance agreements. The 
Company evaluates and monitors the financial condition and concentrations of credit risk associated with its reinsurers under 
voluntary reinsurance arrangements to minimize its exposure to significant losses from reinsurer insolvencies. The Company has 
reported ceded losses and loss expenses payable and prepaid reinsurance premiums with other insurers and reinsurers as assets. 
All reinsurance contracts provide for indemnification against loss or liability relating to insurance risk and have been accounted 
for as reinsurance.

On December 31, 2011, the State Auto Group entered into the Homeowners Quota Share Arrangement, which was a three-
year quota share agreement covering its homeowners line of business. Under the arrangement, the State Auto Group ceded to 
reinsurers 75% of its homeowners business under policies in force at the effective date and new and renewal policies thereafter 
issued during the term of the agreement. The arrangement expired on December 31, 2014.  The Company received $89.5 million 
of unearned premiums related to the expiration of this arrangement.  Subject to the terms and conditions of the arrangement, the 
participating reinsurers’ margin was capped at 9.0%, with any excess returned to the Company in the form of profit commission.  
For the year ended December 31, 2014, the Company recognized $19.0 million of profit commission, reflected as a reduction in 
acquisition and operating expenses on the consolidated statements of income.  The amount of ceding commission earned was 
limited to the amount of deferred acquisition costs that would have been deferred if not for entering in the arrangement.  As a result 
of the expiration of the HO QS Arrangement, the Company recognized $8.1 million of excess ceding commission that had previously 
been deferred, reflected as a reduction in acquisition and operating expenses on the consolidated statements of income for the year 
ended December 31, 2014.  For the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company recognized $8.6 million and $8.4 
million, respectively, of excess ceding commission as a deferred liability on the consolidated balance sheet. 

The following table sets forth the effect of the Company’s external reinsurance on its balance sheets at December 31, 2014 

and 2013, prior to the reinsurance transaction with State Auto Mutual under the Pooling Arrangement, as discussed in Note 6a:

($ millions)
Losses and loss expenses payable:

Direct
Assumed
Ceded

Net losses and loss expenses payable

Unearned premiums:

Direct
Assumed
Ceded

Net unearned premiums

2014

2013

$

$

$

$

484.4
4.5
(9.6)
479.3

409.7
1.0
(6.1)
404.6

$

$

$

$

516.9
5.0
(9.1)
512.8

411.6
1.0
(4.7)
407.9

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STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

The following table sets forth the effect of the Company’s external reinsurance on its income statements for the years ended 
December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, prior to the reinsurance transaction with State Auto Mutual under the Pooling Arrangement, 
as discussed in Note 6a:

($ millions)
Written premiums:

Direct
Assumed
Ceded

Net written premiums

Earned premiums:

Direct
Assumed
Ceded

Net earned premiums

Losses and loss expenses incurred:

Direct
Assumed
Ceded

Net losses and loss expenses incurred

6. Transactions with Affiliates

a. Reinsurance

2014

2013

2012

$

$

$

$

$

$

880.6
4.4
(26.8)
858.2

882.6
4.4
(25.3)
861.7

525.6
2.9
(8.0)
520.5

$

$

$

$

$

$

886.7
3.9
(24.3)
866.3

874.7
3.8
(23.5)
855.0

559.1
3.0
(4.8)
557.3

$

$

$

$

$

$

860.1
4.0
(24.3)
839.8

833.3
4.1
(28.2)
809.2

577.4
3.6
(6.4)
574.6

The insurance subsidiaries of State Auto Financial, including State Auto Property & Casualty Insurance Company (“State 
Auto P&C”), Milbank Insurance Company and State Auto Insurance Company of Ohio (collectively referred to as the “STFC 
Pooled Companies”) participate in a quota share reinsurance pooling arrangement (“the Pooling Arrangement”) with State Auto 
Mutual which includes Meridian Citizens Mutual Insurance Company (merged with State Auto Mutual at the close of business on 
July  2,  2014),  and  its  subsidiaries  and  affiliates,  State Auto  Insurance  Company  of  Wisconsin,  Meridian  Security  Insurance 
Company, Patrons Mutual Insurance Company of Connecticut, Rockhill Insurance Company, Plaza Insurance Company, American 
Compensation Insurance Company and Bloomington Compensation Insurance Company, (collectively referred to as the “Mutual 
Pooled Companies”).  State Auto P&C, Milbank and SA Ohio are referred to as the “STFC Pooled Companies,” State Auto Mutual, 
SA Wisconsin, Meridian Security and Patrons Mutual are referred to as the “Mutual Pooled Companies,” and RIC, Plaza, American 
Compensation and Bloomington Compensation are referred to as the "Rockhill Insurers."  The STFC Pooled Companies, the 
Mutual Pooled Companies and the Rockhill Insurers are collectively referred to as the “State Auto Group.”

In general, under the Pooling Arrangement, the STFC Pooled Companies and the Mutual Pooled Companies other than State 
Auto Mutual cede to State Auto Mutual all of their insurance business and assume from State Auto Mutual an amount equal to 
their respective participation percentages in the Pooling Arrangement. All premiums, losses and loss expenses and underwriting 
expenses are allocated among the participants on the basis of each Company’s participation percentage in the Pooling Arrangement. 
The Pooling Arrangement provides indemnification against loss or liability relating to insurance risk and has been accounted for 
as reinsurance.

The Pooling Arrangement does not relieve each individual pooled subsidiary of its primary liability as the originating insurer; 
consequently, there is a concentration of credit risk arising from business ceded to State Auto Mutual. As the Pooling Arrangement 
provides for the right of offset, the Company has reported losses and loss expenses payable and prepaid reinsurance premiums to 
State Auto Mutual as assets only in situations when net amounts ceded to State Auto Mutual exceed net amounts assumed. All 
parties that participate in the Pooling Arrangement have an A.M. Best rating of A (Excellent).

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STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

The following table sets forth the reinsurance transactions on the Company’s balance sheets for the Pooling Arrangement 

between the STFC Pooled Companies and State Auto Mutual at December 31, 2014 and 2013:

($ millions)
Assets
Deferred policy acquisition costs:

Ceded
Assumed

Net assumed

Liabilities and Stockholders' Equity
Losses and loss expenses payable:

Ceded
Assumed

Net assumed
Unearned premiums:

Ceded
Assumed

Net assumed

Pension and postretirement benefits:

Ceded
Assumed

Net ceded

Other liabilities:
Ceded
Assumed

Net ceded

Stockholders' Equity
Accumulated other comprehensive income:
         Ceded
         Assumed

Net ceded

2014

2013

(79.7) $
126.5
46.8

$

(77.6)
96.8
19.2

(479.3) $
973.6
494.3

$

(404.6) $
606.3
201.7

$

(180.5) $
117.3
(63.2) $

(70.7) $
65.6
(5.1) $

(512.8)
950.8
438.0

(407.9)
486.3
78.4

(106.5)
69.2
(37.3)

(47.2)
67.2
20.0

(186.0) $
120.9
(65.1) $

(117.1)
76.1
(41.0)

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

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STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

The following table sets forth the reinsurance transactions on the Company’s income statements for the Pooling Arrangement 

between the STFC Pooled Companies and State Auto Mutual for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

($ millions)
Written premiums:

Ceded
Assumed

Net assumed

Earned premiums:

Ceded
Assumed

Net assumed

Losses and loss expenses incurred:

Ceded
Assumed

Net assumed

Acquisition and operating expenses:

Ceded
Assumed

Net assumed

2014

2013

2012

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

(858.2) $
1,194.2
336.0

$

(866.3) $
1,062.1
195.8

$

(861.7) $
1,074.1
212.4

$

(855.0) $
1,055.0
200.0

$

(523.6) $
774.4
250.8

$

(215.4)
372.3
156.9

$

(560.2) $
722.7
162.5

$

(192.6)
365.3
172.7

$

(839.9)
1,055.3
215.4

(809.2)
1,042.1
232.9

(575.7)
779.4
203.7

(161.8)
352.6
190.8

Intercompany Balances

Pursuant to the Pooling Arrangement, State Auto Mutual receives all premiums and pays all losses and expenses associated 
with the insurance business produced by the pool participants and then settles the intercompany balances generated by these 
transactions with the participating companies on a quarterly basis within 60 days following each quarter end. No interest is paid 
on this balance. When settling the intercompany balances, State Auto Mutual provides the pool participants with full credit for the 
premiums written and net losses paid during the quarter and retains all receivable amounts from insureds and agents and reinsurance 
recoverable on paid losses from unaffiliated reinsurers. Any receivable amounts that are ultimately deemed to be uncollectible are 
charged-off by State Auto Mutual and allocated to the pool members on the basis of pool participation. As a result, the Company 
has an off-balance sheet credit risk related to the balances due to State Auto Mutual from insurers, agents and reinsurers, which 
are offset by the unearned premium from the respective policies. The Company’s share of the premium balances due to State Auto 
Mutual from agents and insureds at December 31, 2014 and 2013 is approximately $297.0 million and $295.5 million, respectively.

b. Notes Payable

In May 2003, State Auto Financial formed a Delaware business trust (the “Capital Trust”) to issue $15.0 million of mandatorily 
redeemable preferred capital securities to a third party and $0.5 million of common securities to State Auto Financial (the capital 
and common securities are collectively referred to as the “Trust Securities”). The Capital Trust loaned $15.5 million, the proceeds 
from the issuance of its Trust Securities, to State Auto Financial in the form of  Floating Rate Junior Subordinated Debt Securities 
due in 2033 (the “Subordinated Debentures”). The Subordinated Debentures and interest accrued thereon are the Capital Trust’s 
only assets. Interest on the Trust Securities is payable quarterly at a rate equal to the three-month LIBOR rate plus 4.20% adjusted 
quarterly (total 4.44% at December 31, 2014). Because the interest rate and interest payment dates on the Subordinated Debentures 
are the same as the interest rate and interest payment dates on the Trust Securities, payments from the Subordinated Debentures 
finance the distributions paid on the Trust Securities. State Auto Financial has the right to redeem the Subordinated Debentures, 
in whole or in part, on or after May 2008. State Auto Financial has unconditionally and irrevocably guaranteed payment of any 
required distributions on the capital securities, the redemption price when the capital securities are to be redeemed, and any amounts 
due if the Capital Trust is liquidated or terminated. State Auto Financial’s equity interest in the Capital Trust is included in other 
invested assets. In accordance with the Consolidation Topic of the FASB ASC 810, State Auto Financial determined that the 
business trust is a variable interest entity for which it is not the primary beneficiary and therefore, does not consolidate the Capital 
Trust with the Company. 

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103

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

c. Notes Receivable

In May 2009, the Company entered into two separate credit agreements with State Auto Mutual pursuant to which it loaned 
State Auto Mutual a total of $70.0 million. Interest is payable semi-annually at a fixed annual interest rate of 7.00%, with the 
principal payable in May 2019. There is no prepayment penalty, and no collateral was given as security for the payment of this 
loan.

Under these agreements, the Company earned interest of $4.9 million for each of the three years ended December 31, 2014, 

2013 and 2012, respectively. See Note 3 for the notes receivable fair value discussion.

d. Management Services

Stateco provides State Auto Mutual and its affiliates investment management services. Investment management income is 
recognized quarterly based on a percentage of the average fair value of investable assets and the equity portfolio performance of 
each company managed. Revenue related to these services amounted to $1.5 million, $1.6 million and $2.9 million in 2014, 2013 
and 2012, respectively, and is included in other income (affiliates) on the consolidated statements of income.

7. Notes Payable and Credit Facility

FHLB Loan

On July 11, 2013, State Auto Financial's subsidiary, State Auto P&C, borrowed $85.0 million (the "FHLB Loan") from the 
FHLB.  The FHLB Loan is a 20-year term loan and is callable after three years with no prepayment penalty thereafter.  The FHLB 
Loan provides for interest-only payments during its term, with principal due in full at maturity. The interest rate is fixed over the 
term of the loan at 5.03%. The FHLB Loan is fully secured by a pledge of specific investment securities of State Auto P&C.  

Senior Note Redemption

On July 15, 2013, State Auto Financial redeemed all $100.0 million of its outstanding Senior Notes.  The redemption price 
of $103.0 million was calculated in accordance with the terms of the Senior Notes and included principal plus a make-whole 
amount.  The redemption price was funded by proceeds from the FHLB Loan and cash on hand.

Credit Facility

On July 26, 2013, State Auto Financial terminated its then-current credit agreement with a syndicate of lenders, as further 
described below.  Concurrent with the termination of this credit agreement, State Auto P&C entered into a new credit facility (the 
“SPC Credit Facility”) with a syndicate of lenders. The SPC Credit Facility provides State Auto P&C with a $100.0 million five-
year revolving credit facility maturing in  July 2018.  During the term of the SPC Credit Facility, State Auto P&C has the right to 
increase the total facility to a maximum amount of $150.0 million, provided that no event of default has occurred and is continuing. 
The SPC Credit Facility is available for general corporate purposes and provides for interest-only payments during its term, with 
principal and interest due in full at maturity.  Interest is based on the London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") or a base rate 
plus  a  calculated  margin  amount. All  advances  under  the  SPC  Credit  Facility  are  to  be  fully  secured  by  a  pledge  of  specific 
investment securities of State Auto P&C.  The  SPC Credit Facility includes certain requirements, including financial requirements 
that State Auto Financial maintain a minimum net worth and a certain debt to capitalization ratio.  

As of December 31, 2014, State Auto P&C had not made any borrowings and both State Auto P&C and State Auto Financial 

were in compliance with all covenants and requirements of the SPC Credit Facility.  

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104

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

8. Federal Income Taxes

The following table sets forth the reconciliation between actual federal income tax (benefit) expense  and the amount computed 

at the indicated statutory rate for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

($ millions)
Amount at statutory rate
Tax-exempt interest and dividends received deduction
Other, net
Valuation allowance

$

2014

2013

2012

9.4
(8.5)
1.1
(82.6)

35.0 % $
(32.0)
4.0
(308.0)

21.5
(9.4)
0.2
(11.8)

35.0% $
(15.0)
—
(19.0)

3.7
(9.1)
0.5
4.8

35.0 %
(85.0)
4.0
45.0

Federal income tax (benefit) expense and
effective rate

$

(80.6)

(301.0)% $

0.5

1.0% $

(0.1)

(1.0)%

The following table sets forth the tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of deferred tax 

assets and deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2014 and 2013:

($ millions)
Deferred tax assets:

Unearned premiums not currently deductible
Losses and loss expenses payable discounting
Postretirement and pension benefits
Realized loss on other-than-temporary impairment
Other liabilities
Net operating loss carryforward
Tax credit carryforward
Other

Total deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities:

Deferral of policy acquisition costs
Net unrealized holding gains on investments

Total deferred tax liabilities

Total net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance

Less valuation allowance
Net deferred federal income taxes

2014

2013

$

$

42.2
21.0
41.1
8.4
22.2
58.0
1.9
4.7
199.5

44.3
57.8
102.1
97.4
—
97.4

$

$

33.8
21.6
24.9
7.5
17.3
56.5
1.7
9.2
172.5

33.9
44.1
78.0
94.5
82.6
11.9

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities represent the tax effect of the differences between the financial statement carrying 
value of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. The Company periodically evaluates its deferred tax assets, 
which requires significant judgment, to determine if they are realizable based upon weighing all available evidence, both positive 
and negative, including loss carryback potential, past operating results, existence of cumulative losses in the most recent years, 
projected performance of the business, future taxable income, including the ability to generate capital gains, and prudent and 
feasible tax planning strategies. In making such judgments, significant weight is given to evidence that can be objectively verified.

During  2011,  the  Company  determined  that  a  valuation  allowance  should  be  established  due  to  the  magnitude  of  the 
catastrophe losses from unprecedented storms experienced industry wide.  As part of its assessment of the appropriateness of the 
deferred tax asset valuation allowance at December 31, 2014, management considered the following positive evidence: (i) three-
year cumulative pre-tax income of $98.7 million, (ii) three consecutive years of pre-tax income, (iii) the expiration of the HO QS 
Arrangement under which we ceded 75% of our homeowners line underwriting results to the participating reinsurers, (iv) the 
actions the Company took (including reserve strengthening and entering into an ADC reinsurance agreement protecting against 
the risk of further adverse development for one of the programs) with respect to the terminated RED program business, which 
significantly reduced the Company's reported financial results since 2011, (v) more adequate pricing, which has contributed to 
improved underwriting margins, and (vi) profitable growth within the specialty insurance segment, excluding the terminated RED 
program  business.    Management  concluded  that  this  positive  evidence  outweighed  available  negative  evidence  and  further 
concluded that a valuation allowance against the Company's net deferred tax assets was no longer appropriate.  As a result, the 

105

803Fin.pdf

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

valuation allowance was reversed at December 31, 2014.  With the reversal of the valuation allowance at December 31, 2014, the 
Company recorded an income tax benefit of $82.6 million.  At December 31, 2013, the valuation allowance was $82.6 million, 
with $11.8 million recorded as a reduction of income tax expense in the income statement.  

At December 31, 2014, the tax benefit of the net operating loss carryforward was $58.0 million; if not used, it will expire 

in 2032. 

At December 31, 2014, the Company carried no balance for uncertain tax positions. The Company had no accrual for the 

payment of interest and penalties at December 31, 2014 or 2013.

State Auto Financial and its subsidiaries file a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return. State Auto Financial and its 
subsidiaries also file in various state jurisdictions. The Company is no longer subject to U.S. federal or state and local income tax 
examinations by tax authorities for years before 2012. The Company has no current U.S. federal or state and local income tax 
examinations on-going at this time. 

9. Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans

The Company, through the employees of State Auto P&C, provides management and operation services under management 
agreements for all insurance and non-insurance affiliates. The annual periodic costs related to the Company’s benefit plans are 
allocated to affiliated companies based on allocations pursuant to intercompany management agreements including the Pooling 
Arrangement for insurance subsidiaries and affiliates party to this agreement.

The Company provides a defined benefit pension plan for its eligible employees. Substantially all Company employees hired 
prior to January 1, 2010 become eligible to participate the year after becoming 20 years of age and vest with 5 years of credited 
service or attaining age 65. The Company’s policy is to fund pension costs in accordance with the requirements of the Employee 
Retirement Income Security Act of 1974. Benefits are determined by applying factors specified in the plan to a participant’s defined 
average annual compensation.

The defined benefit pension and postretirement benefit plans are referred to herein as “the benefit plans.”

The following table sets forth information regarding the pension and postretirement benefit plans’ change in benefit obligation, 

plan assets and funded status at December 31, 2014 and 2013:

($ millions)

Change in benefit obligation:
Benefit obligation at beginning of year
Service cost
Interest cost
Actuarial loss (gain)
Benefits paid

The Company’s portion of benefit obligation at end of year

Change in plan assets available for plan benefits:
Fair value of plan assets available for plan benefits at beginning of year

Employer contribution
Actual return on plan assets
Benefits paid

$

$

$

The Company’s portion of fair value of plan assets at end of year $

Supplemental executive retirement plan
Funded status at end of year

Accumulated benefit obligation end of year

$

$

Pension

Postretirement

2014

2013

2014

2013

230.5
4.6
10.8
57.3
(10.7)
292.5

$

$

246.1
6.1
9.6
(19.6)
(11.7)
230.5

$

$

22.3
—
1.1
1.7
(1.2)
23.9

$

$

$

185.9
13.0
16.9
(10.7)
205.1
(6.3)
(93.7) $
260.1
$

$

$

162.2
13.0
22.4
(11.7)
185.9
(6.0)
(50.6) $
211.2

$

$

1.3
—
—
(1.0)
0.3
—
(23.6) $

$

25.1
—
1.0
(2.6)
(1.2)
22.3

1.8
—
0.3
(0.8)
1.3
—
(21.0)

No assets are expected to be returned during the fiscal year ending December 31, 2014.

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106

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

The following table sets forth the Company’s share of the amounts included in accumulated other comprehensive income 

(loss) that have not been recognized in net periodic cost at December 31, 2014 and 2013:

($ millions)
Prior service benefit
Net actuarial loss

Total

2014

2013

$

$

(64.9) $
141.9
77.0

$

(70.3)
94.3
24.0

The  following  table  sets  forth  the  Company’s  share  of  amortization  expected  to  be  recognized  for  the  year  ending 

December 31, 2015:

($ millions)
Prior service benefit
Net actuarial loss

Total

2015

(5.4)
11.5
6.1

$

$

The  following  table  sets  forth  information  regarding  the  Company’s  share  of  pension  and  postretirement  benefit  plans’ 

components of net periodic cost for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

($ millions)

Components of net periodic cost:
Service cost
Interest cost
Expected return on plan assets
Amortization of:

Prior service cost (benefit)
Net actuarial loss

Net periodic cost (benefit)

2014

Pension
2013

2012

2014

Postretirement
2013

2012

$

$

5.2
11.1
(12.6)

—
6.3
10.0

$

$

6.1
9.6
(12.2)

—
8.1
11.6

$

$

7.8
9.9
(11.7)

0.3
6.7
13.0

$

$

— $
1.1
—

(5.5)
0.6
(3.8) $

$

0.4
1.2
(0.2)

(5.5)
1.0
(3.1) $

—
1.1
(0.1)

(5.5)
1.1
(3.4)

The following table sets forth the Company’s share of the benefit payments, which reflect expected future service, expected 

to be paid:

($ millions)
2015
2016
2017
2018
2019
2020-2024

$

Pension

9.6
10.0
10.5
11.2
11.8
72.0

Postretirement
1.7
$
1.7
1.7
1.6
1.6
7.3

The postretirement plan’s gross benefit payments for 2014 were $1.2 million, including the prescription drug benefits. The 
postretirement plan’s subsidy related to Medicare Prescription Drug Improvement and Modernization Act of 2003 was $0.3 million 
for 2014 and estimates future annual subsidies to be approximately $0.2 million.

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STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

The  following  table  sets  forth  the  weighted  average  assumptions  used  to  determine  the  benefit  plans’  obligations  at 

December 31, 2014 and 2013:

Benefit obligations weighted-average assumptions:
Discount rate
Rates of increase in compensation levels

Pension

Postretirement

2014

2013

2014

2013

3.85%
3.50

4.85%
3.50

3.85%
—

4.85%
—

The following table sets forth the weighted average assumptions used to determine the benefit plans’ net periodic cost for 

the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

Weighted-average assumptions:
Discount rate
Expected long-term rate of return on assets
Rates of increase in compensation levels

2014

Pension
2013

2012

  2014

Postretirement
2013

2012

4.85% 4.05%
7.00
3.50

7.50
4.00

4.40%
7.50
4.00

4.85%

   —
   —

4.05%
7.50
—

4.40%
7.50
—

The benefit plans’ obligations are long-term in nature and consequently the investment strategies have a long-term time 
horizon. In establishing the long-term rate of return assumption on plan assets, management, along with its pension consulting 
actuary, reviews the historical performance of the plan assets and the stability in the mix of the investment portfolio. The expected 
inflation  rate  and  expected  real  rates  of  return  of  applicable  asset  classes  are  then  determined  to  assist  in  setting  appropriate 
assumptions.

The following table sets forth the assumed health care cost trend rates used for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 

and 2012:

Assumed health care cost trend rates:
Health care cost trend rate assumed for the next year
Rate to which the cost trend rate is assumed to decline (the ultimate trend rate)
Year that the rate reaches the ultimate trend rate

2014

Postretirement
2013

2012

6.00%
3.80%
2075

10.00%
5.00%
2018

10.00%
5.00%
2017

The assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the postretirement plan. The 
following table sets forth the effects of a one percentage point change in assumed health care cost trend rates for the year ended 
December 31, 2014:

($ millions)

Postretirement

Increase

(Decrease)

One percentage point change:
Effect on total service and interest cost
Effect on accumulated postretirement benefit obligation

$

$

0.1
3.8

0.1
3.3

The  pension  plan's  investment  policy  objective  is  to  preserve  the  investment  principal  while  generating  income  and 
appreciation in fair value to meet the pension plan's obligations. The pension plan's investment strategy and risk tolerance is 
balanced  between  meeting  cash  obligation  requirements  and  a  long-term  relatively  high  risk  tolerance  takes  into  account  the 
predictable cash requirements, nature of the plan’s liabilities and the plan’s long term time horizon. Since the nature and timing 
of the benefit plans’ liabilities and cash requirements are predictable, the liquidity requirements are somewhat moderate. One of 
the goals of diversifying the benefit plans’ portfolio among different asset classes is the elimination of concentration of risk in one 
asset class. Management also has investment policy guidelines with respect to limiting the ownership in any single debt or equity 
issuer.  The international fund investments are also composed of numerous securities to reduce our exposure to a single issuer. 

108

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STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

The following table sets forth the asset allocation targets, as a percentage of total fair value, which are used as a guide by management 
when allocating funds as they become available.

Asset Category:
Fixed maturity
U.S. large-cap equity
U.S. small-cap equity
International equity
Emerging market equity
Total

Asset
allocation
target
(0 to 100%)

49%
26
11
10
4
100%

  Effective January 1, 2014, the Investment Committee approved a change to a liability driven investment (LDI) for the 
pension plan assets.  The primary goal of the LDI strategy is to shift the asset allocation to more closely align with the plan liability, 
thereby reducing the volatility of the funded status.  The implementation of the LDI strategy will occur over a period of time and 
the actual asset allocation at any point in time is dependent upon the funded status and the level of interest rates.  This glide path 
helps to balance interest rate risk, curve steepness risk, and credit spread risk, as incremental changes are made to the allocation 
over time.  The new allocation strategy reduces exposure to equity holdings and increases exposure to long duration fixed income.  
This change will result in lower volatility for the plan assets.  By moving more of the plan's assets to long duration fixed income, 
the duration of the assets will increase to more closely match the duration of the plan's liabilities.  While the LDI approach is new 
for the pension plan, the investment policy objective is unchanged.    

See Note 3 for the valuation methods used by the Company for each type of financial instrument the plans hold that are 
carried at fair value. There were no transfers between level categorizations during the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013.

The  following  tables  set  forth  the  Company’s  share  of  pension  plan’s  available-for-sale  securities  within  the  fair  value 

hierarchy at December 31, 2014 and 2013:

($ millions)

December 31, 2014
Fixed maturities:

U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S.
government agencies

Corporate securities
U.S. government agencies mortgage-backed
securities

Total fixed maturities

Equity securities:

Large-cap securities
Small-cap securities

Total equity securities

International instruments
Total pension plan investments

Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical
assets
(Level 1)

Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)

Total

$

56.4
39.7

— $
—

$

56.4
39.7

9.4
105.5

53.7
21.8
75.5
18.7
199.7

$

—
—

53.7
21.8
75.5
—
75.5

$

9.4
105.5

—
—
—
18.7
124.2

$

—
—

—
—

—
—
—
—
—

$

$

109

803Fin.pdf

  
 
 
 
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

($ millions)

December 31, 2013
Fixed maturities:

U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S.
government agencies

Corporate securities
U.S. government agencies mortgage-backed
securities

Total fixed maturities

Equity securities:

Large-cap securities
Small-cap securities

Total equity securities

International instruments
Total pension plan investments

Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical
assets
(Level 1)

Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)

Total

$

$

30.0
24.6

11.3
65.9

58.0
26.3
84.3
25.4
175.6

$

$

— $
—

—
—

58.0
26.3
84.3
—
84.3

$

30.0
24.6

11.3
65.9

—
—
—
25.4
91.3

$

$

—
—

—
—

—
—
—
—
—

The following tables set forth the Company’s share of the postretirement plan’s available-for-sale securities within the fair 

value hierarchy at December 31, 2014 and 2013:

($ millions)

December 31, 2014
Fixed maturities:

Corporate securities

Total fixed maturities

Short-term money market funds
Total postretirement plan investments

December 31, 2013
Fixed maturities:

Corporate securities

Total fixed maturities

Equity securities:

Large-cap securities

Total equity securities
Total postretirement plan investments

Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical
assets
(Level 1)

Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)

Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)

— $
—
0.2
0.2

$

0.1
0.1
—
0.1

Quoted prices
in active
markets for
identical
assets
(Level 1)

Significant
other
observable
inputs
(Level 2)

— $
—

0.8
0.8
0.8

$

0.2
0.2

—
—
0.2

$

$

$

$

—
—
—
—

Significant
unobservable
inputs
(Level 3)

—
—

—
—
—

Total

Total

0.1
0.1
0.2
0.3

0.2
0.2

0.8
0.8
1.0

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

The actuarially prepared funding amount to the pension plan ranges from the minimum amount the Company would be 
required to contribute to the maximum amount that would be deductible for tax purposes. Contributed amounts in excess of the 
minimum amounts are deemed voluntary. Amounts in excess of the maximum amount would be subject to an excise tax and may 
not be deductible for tax purposes. The Company’s share of expected contributions during 2015 is approximately $13.0 million.

The Company maintains a defined contribution plan that covers substantially all employees of the Company. The Company 
matches  the  first  1%  of  contributions  of  participants’  salary  at  the  rate  of  one  dollar  for  each  dollar  contributed.  Participant 

110

803Fin.pdf

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

contributions of 2% to 6% are matched at a rate of 50 cents for each dollar contributed. In addition, the Company contributes a 
percentage of the employee’s annual income for those employees hired on or after January 1, 2010, and for those employees hired 
prior to January 1, 2010 who chose to freeze their existing accrued pension benefit effective June 30, 2010. The Company’s share 
of the expense under the plan totaled $5.1 million, $4.6 million and $4.5 million for 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

10. Other Comprehensive Income and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

The following tables set forth the changes in the Company’s accumulated other comprehensive income component (AOCI), 

net of tax, for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

($ millions)

Beginning balance at January 1, 2014

Other comprehensive income before reclassifications
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (a)
Net current period other comprehensive income
Ending balance at December 31, 2014

Beginning balance at January 1, 2013

Other comprehensive income before reclassifications
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (a)
Net current period other comprehensive income
Ending balance at December 31, 2013

Beginning balance at January 1, 2012

Other comprehensive income before reclassifications
Amounts reclassified from AOCI (a)
Net current period other comprehensive income
Ending balance at December 31, 2012

(a) See separate table below for details about these reclassifications

Unrealized Gains
and Losses on
Available-for-Sale
Securities

Gains and
Losses on
Cash Flow
Hedges

Benefit Plan
Items

Total

$

$

$

$

$

$

84.6
38.9
(13.5)
25.4
110.0

124.0
(16.1)
(23.3)
(39.4)
84.6

98.7
54.1
(28.8)
25.3
124.0

$

$

$

$

$

$

— $
—
—
—
— $

$

0.1
—
(0.1)
(0.1)

— $

0.2
—
(0.1)
(0.1)
0.1

$

$

(3.8) $
(54.4)
19.9
(34.5)
(38.3) $

(39.9) $
32.5
3.6
36.1
(3.8) $

(35.1) $
(7.4)
2.6
(4.8)
(39.9) $

80.8
(15.5)
6.4
(9.1)
71.7

84.2
16.4
(19.8)
(3.4)
80.8

63.8
46.7
(26.3)
20.4
84.2

803Fin.pdf

111

 
 
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

The following tables set forth the reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive income, by component, to the 

Company’s consolidated statement of income for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

($ millions)

Details about Accumulated Other 
Comprehensive Income Components

December 31
2013

2014

2012

Affected line item in the Condensed
Consolidated Statements of Income

Unrealized gains on available for sale
securities

Amortization of gain on derivative used in
cash flow hedge

Amortization of benefit plan items:
Negative prior service costs
Net loss

Total reclassifications for the period

$ 20.7
20.7
(7.2)
13.5

$ 23.2
23.2
0.1
23.3

$ 28.8 Realized gain on sale of securities

28.8 Total before tax

— Tax (expense) benefit

28.8 Net of tax

—
—
—
—

0.1
0.1
—
0.1

0.1 Realized gain on sale of securities
0.1 Total before tax
— Tax benefit (expense)
0.1 Net of tax

5.5
(6.9)
(1.4)
(18.5)
(19.9)

5.5
(9.1)
(3.6)
—
(3.6)
$ (6.4) $ 19.8

(a)
(a)

5.2
(7.8)
(2.6) Total before tax
— Tax expense

(2.6) Net of tax

$ 26.3

(a) These accumulated other comprehensive income components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost (see pension 

and postretirement benefit plans footnote for additional details).

11. Stockholders’ Equity

a. Dividend Restrictions and Statutory Financial Information

State Auto P&C, Milbank and SA Ohio are subject to regulations and restrictions under which payment of dividends from 
statutory surplus can be made to State Auto Financial during the year without prior approval of regulatory authorities. Under the 
insurance regulations of Iowa and Ohio (the states of domicile), the maximum amount of dividends that the Company may pay 
out of earned surplus to shareholders within a twelve month period without prior approval of the Department is limited to the 
greater of 10% of the most recent year-end policyholders' surplus or net income for the twelve month period ending the 31st day 
of December of the previous year-end. Pursuant to these rules, approximately $77.8 million is available for payment to State Auto 
Financial from its insurance subsidiaries in 2015 without prior approval. State Auto Financial received dividends from its insurance 
subsidiaries in the amount of $20.0 million, $10.0 million and $20.0 million in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

The Company's insurance subsidiaries are subject to risk-based capital ("RBC") requirements that have been adopted by 
individual states. These requirements subject insurers having statutory capital less than that required by the RBC calculation to 
varying degrees of regulatory action, depending on the level of capital inadequacy. The RBC formulas specify various weighting 
factors to be applied to financial balances or various levels of activity based on the perceived degree of risk. Regulatory compliance 
is determined by a ratio of total adjusted capital to authorized control level RBC. Generally no remedial action is required by an 
insurance company if its adjusted statutory surplus exceeds 200% of the authorized level RBC. As of December 31, 2014, each 
of the Company's insurance subsidiaries maintained adjusted statutory surplus in excess of 450% of the authorized control level 
RBC.

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112

 
 
 
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

The following tables set forth reconciliations of statutory capital and surplus and net income, as determined using SAP, to 

the amounts included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements:

($ millions)
Statutory capital and surplus of insurance subsidiaries
Net liabilities of non-insurance parent and affiliates

$

Increases (decreases):

Deferred acquisition costs
Postretirement and pension benefits
Deferred federal income taxes
Fixed maturities, at fair value
Other, net

Stockholders’ equity per accompanying consolidated financial statements

$

2014

2013

$

778.4
(80.8)
697.6

126.5
27.2
(49.7)
60.6
10.7
872.9

$

753.2
(82.4)
670.8

96.8
6.3
(15.8)
26.1
0.8
785.0

($ millions)

Statutory net (loss) income of insurance subsidiaries
Net (loss) income of non-insurance parent and affiliates

$

Increases (decreases):

Deferred acquisition costs
Postretirement and pension benefits
Deferred federal income taxes
Share-based compensation expense
Other, net

Net income per accompanying consolidated financial statements

$

12. Preferred Stock

Year ended December 31
2013

2012

2014

(17.5) $
(5.3)
(22.8)

29.7
10.6
79.3
(0.5)
11.1
107.4

$

51.1
(5.1)
46.0

5.1
10.3
(1.0)
(1.3)
1.7
60.8

$

$

5.5
0.2
5.7

—
5.3
(3.3)
(2.7)
5.7
10.7

State Auto Financial has two authorized classes of preferred stock. For both classes, upon issuance, the Board of Directors 
has authority to fix and determine the significant features of the shares issued, including, among other things, the dividend rate, 
redemption price, redemption rights, conversion features and liquidation price payable in the event of any liquidation, dissolution, 
or winding up of the affairs of State Auto Financial.

The Class A preferred stock is not entitled to voting rights until, for any period, dividends are in arrears in the amount of six 

or more quarterly dividends.

13. Share-Based Compensation

The Company maintains share-based compensation plans for key employees and outside, or non-employee, directors. The 
share-based compensation plan for key employees is the State Auto Financial Corporation 2009 Equity Compensation Plan (the 
“Equity Plan”).  The stock-based compensation plan for outside directors is the Outside Directors Restricted Share Unit Plan (the 
“RSU Plan”).

The Company’s share-based compensation plans authorize the granting of various equity-based incentives including stock 
options, restricted stock and restricted share units to employees and non-employee directors and agents. The expense for these 
equity-based incentives is based on their fair value at the date of grant and amortized over their vesting period. The fair value of 
each stock option is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes closed-form pricing model. The pricing model requires 
assumptions such as the expected life of the option and expected volatility of the Company’s stock over the expected life of the 
option, which significantly impacts the assumed fair value. The Company uses historical data to determine these assumptions and 
if these assumptions change significantly for future grants, share-based compensation expense will fluctuate in future periods.

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STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

Equity Plan

The Equity Plan provides for the award of qualified and nonqualified stock options, restricted shares, performance shares, 
performance units and other stock-based awards. The Company has reserved 3.0 million common shares under the Equity Plan. 
As of December 31, 2014, a total of 0.8 million common shares are available for issuance under the Equity Plan. The Equity Plan 
provides that (i) no more than 33% of the common shares authorized for issuance under the Equity Plan may be granted in the 
form of awards other than stock options, (ii) the maximum number of common shares subject to awards of stock options, restricted 
shares and performance shares that may be granted in any calendar year is equal to 1.5% of the total number of common shares 
of the Company outstanding as of December 31 of the prior year, and (iii) the maximum number of common shares subject to 
awards of stock options, restricted shares and performance shares that may be granted in any calendar year to any one individual 
is 250,000 shares. The Equity Plan automatically terminates on May 8, 2019.

The Equity Plan provides that qualified stock options may be granted at an option price not less than the fair market value 
of the common shares at the date of grant and that nonqualified stock options may be granted at any price determined by the 
Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. Options granted generally vest over a three-year period, with one-third of 
the options vesting on each anniversary of the grant date, and must be exercised no later than ten years from the date of grant. 
Stock options granted under the Equity Plan for 2014, 2013 and 2012 were 0.2 million, 0.5 million and 0.3 million, respectively.

The Equity Plan provides for the granting of restricted shares subject to a vesting schedule based on the employee’s continued 
employment (“Restriction Period”), for which vesting is generally on the third anniversary after the date of grant. The Company 
recognizes  compensation  expense  based  on  the  number  of  restricted  shares  granted  at  the  then  grant  date  fair  value  over  the 
Restriction Period.

The following table sets forth the status of the Company’s non-vested and vested restricted shares and changes for the years 

ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

2014

2013

2012

Weighted
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value

15.06
21.23
17.08
21.23
19.06

Shares

38,233
56,178
(16,892)
(1,047)
76,472

$

$

Weighted
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value

16.21
—
18.78
—
15.06

Shares

55,413
—
(17,180)
—
38,233

$

$

Weighted
Average
Grant
Date Fair
Value

17.92
13.53
—
—
16.21

Shares

33,887
21,526
—
—
55,413

$

$

Outstanding, beginning of year

Granted
Vested
Canceled

Outstanding, end of year

As of December 31, 2014, there was $0.8 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted 

share compensation arrangements. The remaining cost is expected to be recognized over a period of 2.25 years.

Employee Stock Purchase Plan

The Company also has a broad-based employee stock purchase plan under which employees of the Company may choose 
at two different specified time intervals each year to have up to 6% of their annual base earnings withheld to purchase the Company’s 
common shares. The purchase price of the common shares is 85% of the lower of its beginning-of-interval or end-of-interval 
market price. The Company has reserved 3.4 million common shares under this plan. As of December 31, 2014, a total of 3.2 
million common shares have been purchased under this plan. This plan remains in effect until terminated by the Board of Directors.

Outside Directors Plan

The RSU Plan is an unfunded deferred compensation plan which currently provides each outside director with an award of 
1,400 restricted share units (the “RSU award”) following each annual meeting of shareholders. The amount of the award may 
change from year to year, based on the provision described below. The RSU awards are fully vested six months after the date of 
grant. RSU awards are not common shares of the Company and, as such, no participant has any rights as a holder of common 
shares under the RSU Plan. RSU awards represent the right to receive an amount, payable in cash or common shares of the Company, 
as previously elected by the outside director, equal to the value of a specified number of common shares of the Company at the 
end of the restricted period. Such election may be changed within the constraints set forth in the RSU Plan. The restricted period 

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STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

for the RSU awards begins on the date of grant and expires on the date the outside director retires from or otherwise terminates 
service as a director of the Company. During the restricted period, outside directors are credited with dividends, equivalent in value 
to those declared and paid on the Company’s common shares, on all RSU awards granted to them. At the end of the restricted 
period,  outside  directors  receive  distributions  of  their  RSU  awards  either  (i) in  a  single  lump  sum  payment,  or  (ii) in  annual 
installment payments over a five- or ten-year period, as previously elected by the outside director. The administrative committee 
for the RSU Plan (currently the Company’s Compensation Committee) retains the right to increase the annual number of RSU 
awards granted to each outside director to as many as 5,000 or to decrease such annual number to not less than 500, without seeking 
shareholder approval, if such increase or decrease is deemed appropriate by the administrative committee to maintain director 
compensation at appropriate levels. The RSU Plan automatically terminates on May 31, 2015. The Company accounts for the RSU 
Plan as a liability plan. There were 25,960 RSUs, 33,712 RSUs, and 26,480 RSUs granted in 2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.

During 2014 and 2013, common shares valued at approximately $51,000 and $51,000, respectively, were distributed by the 

Company under the RSU Plan.

Stock Options

The fair value of each stock option granted is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes closed-form pricing 
model. The following tables present the weighted-average assumptions used in the option pricing model for options granted to 
employees during 2014, 2013 and 2012. The expected life of the options for employees represents the period of time the options 
are expected to be outstanding and is based on historical trends. For non-employees the expected life of the option approximates 
the remaining contractual term of the option. The expected stock price volatility is based on the historical volatility of the Company’s 
stock for a period approximating the expected life and the expected dividend yield is based on the Company’s most recent period’s 
dividend payout. The risk-free interest rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant and has a term 
approximating the expected life of the option.

The fair value of share-based awards granted to employees was estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option-
pricing model. The following table sets forth the weighted average fair values and related assumptions for options granted for the 
years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

Fair value per share
Expected dividend yield
Risk free interest rate
Expected volatility factor
Expected life in years

$

2014

2013

2012

$

7.28
1.86%
1.65%
39.23%
5.7

$

5.15
2.40%
1.26%
37.59%
6.3

3.46
4.41%
1.10%
41.50%
5.4

The following table sets forth the Company’s total stock option activity and related information for these plans for the years 

ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

(millions, except per share amounts)

2014

2013

2012

Outstanding, beginning of year

Granted
Exercised
Canceled

Outstanding, end of year

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

Options

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

Options

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

Options

3.9
0.3
(0.1)
(0.4)
3.7

$

$

22.01
21.20
16.43
30.21
21.29

3.9
0.5
(0.2)
(0.3)
3.9

$

$

22.25
16.82
16.82
19.52
22.01

3.8
0.4
—
(0.3)
3.9

$

$

22.79
13.54
14.49
17.95
22.25

Intrinsic value for stock options is defined as the difference between the current market value and the grant price. For the 
years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012, the total intrinsic value of stock options exercised was $0.5 million, $0.5 million 
and $0 million, respectively. The tax benefit for tax deductions from share-based awards totaled $0 for the years ended December 31, 
2014, 2013 and 2012, respectively.  

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115

  
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

The following table sets forth information pertaining to the total options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2014:

(Options in millions)

Options Outstanding

Options Exercisable

Range of Exercise Prices:
$10.01 – $20.00
$20.01 – $30.00
Greater than $30.00

Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual Life

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

Number

Number

Weighted-
Average
Exercise
Price

2.1
1.3
0.3
3.7

5.8 $
3.1
1.4
4.5 $

16.47
25.84
33.45
21.29

1.5
1.0
0.3
2.8

$

$

16.65
27.32
33.45
22.30

Aggregate intrinsic value for total options outstanding at December 31, 2014 was $17.2 million. Aggregate intrinsic value 

for total options exercisable at December 31, 2014 was $8.4 million.

Compensation expense recognized during 2014, 2013 and 2012 was $3.6 million, $4.1 million and $3.5 million, respectively. 
Share-based compensation is recognized as a component of loss and loss adjustment expense and acquisition and operating expense 
in a manner consistent with other employee compensation. As of December 31, 2014, there was $3.2 million of total unrecognized 
compensation cost related to option-based compensation arrangements granted under the plans. The remaining cost is expected to 
be recognized over a period of three years.

14. Net Earnings Per Common Share

The following table sets forth the compilation of basic and diluted net earnings per common share for the years ended 

December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

(millions, except per share amounts)
Numerator:

Net earnings for basic net earnings per common share

Adjusted net earnings for dilutive net earnings per common share

Denominator:

Weighted average shares for basic net earnings per common share
Effect of dilutive share-based awards

Adjusted weighted average shares for diluted net earnings per
common share

Basic net earnings per common share
Diluted net earnings per common share

2014

2013

2012

$
$

$
$

107.4
107.4

$
$

60.8
60.8

$
$

40.8
0.4

41.2

2.63
2.60

$
$

40.6
0.1

40.7

1.50
1.49

$
$

10.7
10.7

40.4
0.1

40.5

0.26
0.26

The following table sets forth the options to purchase shares of common stock and the restricted share units ("RSU award") 
provided to each outside director of the Company, that were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per common share 
because the exercise price of the options, or awards, was greater than the average market price or their inclusion would have been 
antidilutive for the years ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

(millions)
Total number of antidilutive options and awards

2014

2013

2012

1.8

2.6

3.7

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116

  
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

15. Reportable Segments

The Company has four reportable segments: personal insurance, business insurance, specialty insurance (the “insurance 
segments”) and investment operations. The insurance segments are business units managed separately because of the differences 
in the type of customers they serve or products they provide or services they offer. The personal insurance segment provides 
primarily  personal  automobile  and  homeowners  to  the  personal  insurance  market.  The  business  insurance  segment  provides 
primarily commercial automobile, commercial multi-peril, fire & allied and general liability insurance covering small-to-medium 
sized commercial exposures in the business insurance market. The specialty insurance segment provides commercial coverages 
that require specialized product underwriting, claims handling or risk management services through a distribution channel of retail 
agents and wholesale brokers, which may include program administrators and other specialty sources. The investment operations 
segment, managed by Stateco, provides investment services.

The Company evaluates the performance of its insurance segments using industry financial measurements based on SAP, 
which include loss and loss adjustment expense ratios, underwriting expense ratios, combined ratios, statutory underwriting gain 
(loss), net premiums earned and net written premiums. One of the most significant differences between SAP and GAAP is that 
SAP requires all underwriting expenses to be expensed immediately and not deferred and amortized over the same period the 
premium is earned. 

The accounting for pension benefits also contributes to the difference between our GAAP loss and expense ratios and our 
SAP loss and expense ratios. At January 1, 2013, we adopted new SAP pension guidance, which required the recognition of service 
costs for non-vested participants. In accordance with GAAP, service costs related to non-vested participants was recognized over 
the two year vesting period ended December 31, 2014.

The investment operations segment is evaluated based on investment returns of assets managed by Stateco.  Asset information 

by segment is not reported for the insurance segments because the Company does not produce such information internally.

As  of  January 1,  2013  our  units  within  the  specialty  insurance  segment  changed  from  RED,  Rockhill  and  Workers’ 
Compensation to E&S property, E&S casualty, Programs and Workers’ compensation.  This change did not have any impact on 
segment reporting.

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117

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

The  following  table  sets  forth  financial  information  regarding  the  Company’s  reportable  segments  for  the  years  ended 

December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012:

$

$

$

($ millions)
Revenues from external sources:
Insurance segments

Personal insurance
Business insurance
Specialty insurance

Total insurance segments

Investment operations segment
Net investment income
Net realized capital gains

Total investment operations segment

Total revenue from reportable segments
All other
Total revenues from external sources
Intersegment revenues
Total revenues
Reconciling items:

Eliminate intersegment revenues

Total consolidated revenue
Segment loss before federal income tax:
Insurance segments:

Personal insurance SAP underwriting loss
Business insurance SAP underwriting loss
Specialty insurance SAP underwriting loss

Total insurance segments

Investment operations segment:
Net investment income
Net realized capital gains

Total investment operations segment

All other segments income

Reconciling items:

GAAP adjustments
Interest expense on corporate debt
Corporate expenses

Total reconciling items
Total consolidated income before federal income taxes

$
$

2014

2013

2012

$

451.4
381.8
240.9
1,074.1

74.7
20.7
95.4
1,169.5
3.2
1,172.7
5.1
1,177.8

$

464.0
364.2
226.8
1,055.0

72.8
23.2
96.0
1,151.0
2.0
1,153.0
5.1
1,158.1

469.8
327.2
245.1
1,042.1

75.4
28.8
104.2
1,146.3
3.8
1,150.1
9.5
1,159.6

(5.1)
1,172.7

$

(5.1)
1,153.0

$

(9.5)
1,150.1

(11.7) $
(8.5)
(85.6)
(105.8)

74.7
20.7
95.4
—

45.8
(5.4)
(3.2)
37.2
26.8

$
$

(12.6) $
(10.2)
(11.2)
(34.0)

72.8
23.2
96.0
0.9

11.8
(8.5)
(4.9)
(1.6) $
$
61.3

(1.6)
(42.3)
(48.1)
(92.0)

75.4
28.8
104.2
2.0

7.2
(7.0)
(3.8)
(3.6)
10.6

The following table sets forth financial information regarding the Company’s reportable segments at December 31, 2014 

and 2013:

($ millions)
Segment assets:

Investment operations segment
Total segment assets

Reconciling items:

Corporate assets

Total consolidated assets

2014

2013

$

$

2,444.2
2,444.2

322.7
2,766.9

$

$

2,331.6
2,331.6

164.8
2,496.4

118

803Fin.pdf

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

Assets attributed to the investment operations segment include the total investments and cash and cash equivalent categories 

from the balance sheet. All other assets are corporate assets and are not assigned to a segment.

16. Quarterly Financial Data (unaudited)

The following tables set forth quarterly financial data for 2014 and 2013:

2014
For three months ended
June 30

September 30
291.3
$
13.1
11.9

December 31
295.7
$
(17.1)
65.4

294.4
3.1
3.0

0.07
0.07

$
$

0.29
0.28

$
$

1.60
1.58

2013
For three months ended

June 30

285.3
6.3
6.2

September 30
292.7
$
18.7
18.5

$

December 31
289.7
16.3
16.4

0.15
0.15

$
$

0.46
0.45

$
$

0.40
0.40

($ millions, except per share amounts)

Total revenues
Income (loss) before federal income taxes
Net income
Earnings per common share:

Basic
Diluted

Total revenues
Income before federal income taxes
Net income
Earnings per common share:

Basic
Diluted

March 31

291.3
27.7
27.1

0.67
0.66

March 31

285.3
20.0
19.7

0.49
0.49

$

$
$

$

$
$

$

$
$

$

$
$

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119

 
  
 
 
  
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

17. Contingencies

In  accordance  with  the  Contingencies  Topic  of  the  Financial  Accounting  Standards  Board's  Accounting  Standards 
Codification, the Company accrues for a litigation-related liability when it is probable that such a liability has been incurred and 
the  amount  can  be  reasonably  estimated. The  Company  reviews  all  litigation  on  an  ongoing  basis  when  making  accrual  and 
disclosure decisions. For certain legal proceedings, the Company cannot reasonably estimate losses or a range of loss, if any, 
particularly for proceedings that are in their early stages of development or where the plaintiffs seek indeterminate damages. Various 
factors, including, but not limited to, the outcome of potentially lengthy discovery and the resolution of important factual questions, 
may need to be determined before probability can be established or before a loss or range of loss can be reasonably estimated. If 
the loss contingency in question is not both probable and reasonably estimable, the Company does not establish an accrual and 
the matter will continue to be monitored for any developments that would make the loss contingency both probable and reasonably 
estimable. Based  on  currently  available  information  known  to  the  Company,  it  believes  that  its  reserves  for  litigation-related 
liabilities are reasonable. However, in the event that a legal proceeding results in a substantial judgment against, or settlement by, 
the Company, there can be no assurance that any resulting liability or financial commitment would not have a material adverse 
effect on the financial condition, results of operations or cash flows of the consolidated financial statements of the Company.

The following describes a pending legal proceeding in which the Company is a party:

In April 2013, a putative class action lawsuit (Schumacher vs. State Automobile Mutual Insurance Company, et al.) was 
filed against State Auto Mutual, State Auto Financial and State Auto P&C in Federal District Court in Ohio. Plaintiffs 
claim that in connection with the homeowners policies of various State Auto companies, the coverage limits and premiums 
were improperly increased as a result of an insurance to value (“ITV”) program and Plaintiffs allege that they purchased 
coverage in excess of that which was necessary to insure them in the event of loss. Plaintiffs’ claims include breach of 
good faith and fair dealing, negligent misrepresentation and fraud, violation of the Ohio Deceptive Trade Practices Act, 
and fraudulent inducement. Plaintiffs sought compensatory and punitive damages to be determined by the court, as well 
as class certification.  On February 2, 2015, the Court struck the class allegations, and on February 13, 2015, the Court 
stayed the proceedings to allow the parties to engage in settlement discussions.  

The Company is involved in other lawsuits in the ordinary course of its business arising out of or otherwise related to its 
insurance policies. Additionally, from time to time the Company may be involved in lawsuits, including class actions, in the 
ordinary course of business but not arising out of or otherwise related to its insurance policies. These lawsuits are in various stages 
of development. The Company generally will contest these matters vigorously but may pursue settlement if appropriate. Based on 
currently available information, the Company does not believe it is reasonably possible that any such lawsuit or related lawsuits 
will be material to its results of operations or have a material adverse effect on its consolidated financial position or cash flows.

Additionally, the Company may be impacted by adverse regulatory actions and adverse court decisions where insurance 
coverages are expanded beyond the scope originally contemplated in its insurance policies. The Company believes that the effects, 
if any, of such regulatory actions and published court decisions are not likely to have a material adverse effect on its financial or 
cash flow position.

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120

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
(a majority-owned subsidiary of State Automobile Mutual Insurance Companies)

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures

Not applicable.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Our management’s annual report on internal control over financial reporting required by Item 308(a) of Regulation S-K 
follows. The attestation report of our independent registered public accounting firm required by Item 308(b) of Regulation S-K 
is found under the caption “Report of the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control over Financial 
Reporting” in Item 8 of this Form 10-K.

The following report is provided by our management on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined 

in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act):

1.  Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for 

the Company.

2.  Our management has used the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) 2013 
framework to evaluate the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Our management believes that 
the COSO 2013 framework is a suitable framework for its evaluation of our internal control over financial reporting 
because it is free from bias, permits reasonably qualitative and quantitative measurements of our internal controls, is 
sufficiently complete so that those relevant factors that would alter a conclusion about the effectiveness of our internal 
controls are not omitted and is relevant to an evaluation of internal control over financial reporting.

3.  All internal control systems, no matter how well designed, have inherent limitations. Therefore, even those systems 

determined to be effective can only provide reasonable assurance with respect to financial reporting.

4.  Our management has assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 

2014, and has concluded that such internal control over financial reporting was effective.

5.  Ernst & Young LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited the consolidated financial statements 
included in this Form 10-K, has issued their attestation on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting, 
which is included herein.

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief 
Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e)). Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief 
Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were 
effective in timely alerting them to material information relating to the Company (including its consolidated subsidiaries) required 
to be included in the Company’s periodic filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

There have been no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our most recent fiscal quarter 

that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Item 9B. Other Information

Not applicable.

803Fin.pdf

121

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

PART III

Information regarding our directors required by Items 401(a) and (d)-(f) of Regulation S-K will be found under the caption 
“Proposal  One:  Election  of  Directors”  in  the  2015  Proxy  Statement,  which  information  is  incorporated  herein  by  reference. 
Information regarding our executive officers required by Items 401(b) and (d)-(f) of Regulation S-K is found under the caption 
“Executive Officers of the Registrant” at the end of Item 1 of this Form 10-K, which information is also incorporated by reference 
into this Item 10.

We  have  a  separately-designated  standing Audit  Committee  established  in  accordance  with  Section 3(a)(58)(A)  of  the 
Exchange Act. As of March 3, 2015, the members of our Audit Committee were Eileen A. Mallesch, Robert E. Baker, David R. 
Meuse and Paul S. Williams. Ms. Mallesch is Chairperson of our Audit Committee. Our Board of Directors has determined that 
Ms. Mallesch  is  an  “audit  committee  financial  expert,”  as  that  term  is  defined  in  Item 407(d)(5)  of  Regulation  S-K,  and 
“independent,” as that term is defined in Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act.

Information regarding the filing of reports of ownership under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act by our officers and directors 
and persons owning more than 10% of a registered class of our equity securities required by Item 405 of Regulation S-K will be 
found  under  the  caption  “Section  16(a)  Beneficial  Ownership  Reporting  Compliance”  in  the  2015  Proxy  Statement,  which 
information is incorporated herein by reference.

Information concerning the procedures by which shareholders may recommend nominees to our Board of Directors will be 
found under the caption “Corporate Governance—Nomination of Directors” in the 2015 Proxy Statement. There has been no 
material  change  to  the  nomination  procedures  previously  disclosed  in  the  proxy  statement  for  our  2015  annual  meeting  of 
shareholders.

Our Board of Directors has adopted a code of ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, 
principal accounting officer, controller, and persons performing similar functions. This code of ethics has been posted on our 
website  at  www.StateAuto.com  under  “Investor  Relations”  then  “Corporate  Governance.” Any  amendment  (other  than  any 
technical, administrative or other non-substantive amendment) to, or waiver from, a provision of this code will be posted on our 
website described above within four business days following its occurrence.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

The  2015  Proxy  Statement  will  contain  information  regarding  the  following  matters:  information  regarding  executive 
compensation required by Item 402 of Regulation S-K will be found under the captions “Board of Directors and Board Committees
—Compensation of Outside Directors and Outside Director Compensation Table” and “Compensation Discussion and Analysis”; 
information required by Item 407(e)(4) of Regulation S-K will be found under the caption “Compensation Committee Interlocks 
and  Insider  Participation”;  information  required  by  Item 407(e)(5)  of  Regulation  S-K  will  be  found  under  the  caption 
“Compensation Committee Report.” This information is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

Information regarding security ownership of certain beneficial owners and management required by Item 403 of Regulation 
S-K will be found under the caption “Proposal One: Election of Directors” and “Principal Holders of Voting Securities” in the 
2015 Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Information regarding equity compensation plan information required by Item 201(d) of Regulation S-K will be found under 
the caption “Equity Compensation Plan Information” in the 2015 Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by 
reference.

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Information regarding certain relationships and related transactions required by Item 404 of Regulation S-K will be found 
under the caption “Related Party Transactions” in the 2015 Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein by reference.

Information regarding the independence of our directors required by Item 407(a) of Regulation S-K will be found under the 
caption “Corporate Governance—Director Independence” in the 2015 Proxy Statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.

803Fin.pdf

122

Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services

Information regarding principal accountant fees and services required by Item 9(e) of Schedule 14A will be found under the 
caption “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm” in our 2015 Proxy Statement, which information is incorporated herein 
by reference.

803Fin.pdf

123

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a)(1)  LISTING OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

PART IV

The following consolidated financial statements of the Company are filed as part of this Form 10-K and are included in 

Item 8:

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2014 and 2013 

Consolidated Statements of Income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014 

Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2014 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(a)(2)  LISTING OF FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

The following financial statement schedules of the Company for the years 2014, 2013 and 2012 are included in Item 14(d) 
following the signatures and should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements contained in our Form 10-
K.

Schedule
Number

I.

II.

III.

IV.

V.

Summary of Investments—Other Than Investments in Related Parties

Schedule

Condensed Financial Information of Registrant

Supplementary Insurance Information

Reinsurance

Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

All other schedules and footnotes are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is included 

in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto.

(a)(3)        LISTING OF EXHIBITS

    Exhibit
    No.

Description of Exhibit

If incorporated by reference document with which Exhibit was
previously filed with SEC

3.01

3.02

3.03

3.04

3.05

State  Auto  Financial  Corporation’s  Amended  and 
Restated Articles of Incorporation

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 (see Exhibit 3.01 therein)

State Auto Financial Corporation’s Amendment to the 
Amended and Restated Articles of Incorporation

1933 Act  Registration  Statement  No.  33-89400  on 
Form S-8 (see Exhibit 4(b) therein)

State  Auto  Financial  Corporation  Certificate  of 
Amendment to the Amended and Restated Articles of 
Incorporation as of June 2, 1998

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 1998 (see Exhibit 3(A)(3) therein)

State  Auto  Financial  Corporation’s  Amended  and 
Restated Code of Regulations

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 (see Exhibit 3.04 therein)

First  Amendment 
to  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation’s  Amended  and  Restated  Code  of 
Regulations as of May 7, 2010

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2010 (see Exhibit 3.05 therein)

803Fin.pdf

124

 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
    Exhibit
    No.

10.01*

10.02*

10.03*

10.04*

10.05*

10.06*

10.07*

10.08

10.09

10.10

10.11

10.12

10.13

10.14

10.15

10.16

Description of Exhibit

2000  Directors  Stock  Option  Plan  of  State  Auto 
Financial Corporation

If incorporated by reference document with which Exhibit was
previously filed with SEC

Definitive Proxy Statement on Form DEF 14A, File 
No. 000-19289, for Annual Meeting of Shareholders 
held on May 26, 2000 (see Appendix B therein)

First  Amendment  to  2000  Directors  Stock  Option 
Plan of State Auto Financial Corporation

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
March 31, 2001 (see Exhibit 10(HH) therein)

Second Amendment to 2000 Directors Stock Option 
Plan of State Auto Financial Corporation

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2001 (see Exhibit 10(KK) therein)

Third Amendment to  2000  Directors  Stock  Option 
Plan of State Auto Financial Corporation

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2001 (see Exhibit 10(EE) therein)

Fourth Amendment to 2000 Directors Stock Option 
Plan of State Auto Financial Corporation

Form  10-K  Annual  Report 
December 31, 2002 (see Exhibit 10(UU) therein)

for  year  ended 

Fifth  Amendment  to  2000  Directors  Stock  Option 
Plan of State Auto Financial Corporation

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.66 therein)

Sixth Amendment to the 2000 Directors Stock Option 
Plan (effective March 7, 2008) of State Auto Financial 
Corporation

Investment Management Agreement between Stateco 
Financial Services, Inc. and State Automobile Mutual 
Insurance Company, effective April 1, 1993

Form 8-K Current Report filed on March 13, 2008 
(see Exhibit 10.3 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 1992 (see Exhibit 10 (N) therein)

First  Amendment  to  the  Investment  Management 
Agreement between Stateco Financial Services, Inc. 
and  State Automobile  Mutual  Insurance  Company, 
effective January 1, 2013

Amended and Restated Exhibit A to the Investment 
Management Agreement between Stateco Financial 
Services, Inc. and State Automobile Mutual Insurance 
Company, effective January 1, 2013

Investment Management Agreement between Stateco 
Financial  Services,  Inc.  and  Meridian  Security 
Insurance Company, effective June 1, 2001

Amended and Restated Exhibit A to the Investment 
Management Agreement between Stateco Financial 
Services,  Inc.  and  Meridian  Security  Insurance 
Company, effective January 1, 2013

Investment Management Agreement between Stateco 
Financial  Services,  Inc.  and  State  Auto  Florida 
Insurance Company effective April 1, 2002

Investment Management Agreement between Stateco 
Financial  Services,  Inc.  and  Midwest  Security 
Insurance Company effective January 1, 1997

Amended and Restated Exhibit A to the Investment 
Management Agreement between Stateco Financial 
Services,  Inc.  and  Midwest  Security  Insurance 
Company, effective January 1, 2013

Investment Management Agreement between Stateco 
Financial  Services,  Inc.  and  Meridian  Citizens 
Mutual Insurance Company effective June 1, 2001

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 (see Exhibit 10.09 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 (see Exhibit 10.10 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.17 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 (see Exhibit 10.12 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.18 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.19 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 (see Exhibit 10.15 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.20 therein)

803Fin.pdf

125

 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
If incorporated by reference document with which Exhibit was
previously filed with SEC

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 (see Exhibit 10.17 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
March 31, 2007 (see Exhibit 10.63 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2007 (see Exhibit 10.22 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2007 (see Exhibit 10.23 therein)

Form 10-K Annual Report for year ended December 
31, 2010 (see Exhibit 10.26 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 (see Exhibit 10.22 therein)

Form 10-K Annual Report for year ended December 
31, 2010 (see Exhibit 10.27 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 (see Exhibit 10.24 therein)

Form 10-K Annual Report for year ended December 
31, 2010 (see Exhibit 10.28) therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 (see Exhibit 10.26 therein)

Form 10-K Annual Report for year ended December 
31, 2002 (see Exhibit 10(OO) therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.45 therein)

Description of Exhibit

Amended and Restated Exhibit A to the Investment 
Management Agreement between Stateco Financial 
Services,  Inc.  and  Meridian  Citizens  Mutual 
Insurance Company, effective January 1, 2013

Investment Management Agreement dated March 29, 
2007, between Stateco Financial Services, Inc. and 
Beacon National Insurance Company, First Preferred 
Insurance  Company,  Petrolia  Insurance  Company 
and Beacon Lloyds Insurance Company

Amended  and  Restated  Investment  Management 
Agreement dated as of December 31, 2007, among 
Stateco Financial Services, Inc. and Patrons Mutual 
Insurance  Company  of  Connecticut,  Patrons  Fire 
Insurance Company of Rhode Island, and Provision 
State Insurance Company

Amended  and  Restated  Investment  Management 
Agreement dated as of December 31, 2007, between 
Stateco Financial Services, Inc. and Litchfield Mutual 
Fire Insurance Company

Investment Management Agreement between Stateco 
Financial  Services,  Inc.  and  Plaza  Insurance 
Company effective October 1, 2010

Amended and Restated Exhibit A to the Investment 
Management Agreement between Stateco Financial 
Services,  Inc.  and  Plaza  Insurance  Company, 
effective January 1, 2013

Investment Management Agreement between Stateco 
Financial  Services,  Inc.  and  Rockhill  Insurance 
Company effective October 1, 2010

Amended and Restated Exhibit A to the Investment 
Management Agreement between Stateco Financial 
Services,  Inc.  and  Rockhill  Insurance  Company, 
effective January 1, 2013

Investment Management Agreement between Stateco 
Financial Services, Inc. and American Compensation 
Insurance Company and Bloomington Compensation 
Insurance Company effective October 1, 2010

Amended and Restated Exhibit A to the Investment 
Management Agreement between Stateco Financial 
Services, Inc. and American Compensation Insurance 
Company and Bloomington Compensation Insurance 
Company, effective January 1, 2013

Cost Sharing Agreement among State Auto Property 
and Casualty Insurance Company, State Automobile 
Mutual Insurance Company, and State Auto Florida 
Insurance Company effective January 1, 2003

Midwest Security Insurance Company Management 
Agreement  amended  and  restated  as  of  January  1, 
2000  by  and  among  State  Automobile  Mutual 
Insurance  Company,  State  Auto  Property  and 
Casualty Insurance Company and Midwest Security 
Insurance  Company  (nka  State  Auto  Insurance 
Company of Wisconsin)

126

    Exhibit
    No.

10.17

10.18

10.19

10.20

10.21

10.22

10.23

10.24

10.25

10.26

10.27

10.28

803Fin.pdf

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
If incorporated by reference document with which Exhibit was
previously filed with SEC

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
March 31, 2005 (see Exhibit10.56 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2007 (see Exhibit 66.67 therein)

Form 8-K Current Report filed on January 27, 2009 
(see Exhibit 10.1 therein)

    Exhibit
    No.

10.29

10.30

10.31

Description of Exhibit

Management  and  Operations Agreement, Amended 
and Restated as of January 1, 2005 by and among State 
Automobile Mutual Insurance Company, State Auto 
Financial  Corporation,  State  Auto  Property  and 
Casualty  Insurance  Company,  State  Auto  National 
Insurance  Company,  Milbank  Insurance  Company, 
State Auto Insurance  Company  of  Ohio,  Meridian 
Security  Insurance  Company,  Meridian  Citizens 
Mutual  Insurance  Company,  Meridian  Insurance 
Group, Inc., Farmers Casualty Insurance Company, 
Stateco Financial Services, Inc., Strategic Insurance 
Software,  Inc.,  and  518  Property  Management  and 
Leasing, LLC

First  Amendment,  made  as  of  April  1,  2007,  to 
Management  and  Operations  Agreement Amended 
and Restated as of January 1, 2005, by and among 
State Automobile Mutual Insurance Company, State 
Auto Financial Corporation, State Auto Property and 
Casualty  Insurance  Company,  State  Auto  National 
Insurance  Company,  Milbank  Insurance  Company, 
State Auto  Insurance  Company  of  Ohio,  Meridian 
Security  Insurance  Company,  Meridian  Citizens 
Mutual  Insurance  Company,  Meridian  Insurance 
Group, Inc., Farmers Casualty Insurance Company, 
Stateco Financial Services, Inc., Strategic Insurance 
Software,  Inc.,  518  Property  Management  and 
Leasing,  LLC,  State  Auto  Florida 
Insurance 
Company,  Beacon  National  Insurance  Company, 
Beacon  Lloyds,  Inc.,  Beacon  Lloyds  Insurance 
Company, First  Preferred  Insurance  Company, and 
Petrolia Insurance Company

Second Amendment dated as of December 31, 2008, 
to  the  Management  and  Operations  Agreement, 
Amended and Restated as of January 1, 2005, among 
State Auto Financial Corporation, State Automobile 
Mutual Insurance Company, State Auto Property & 
Casualty  Insurance  Company,  State  Auto  National 
Insurance  Company,  Milbank  Insurance  Company, 
State Auto  Insurance  Company  of  Ohio,  Meridian 
Security  Insurance  Company,  Meridian  Citizens 
Mutual  Insurance  Company,  Meridian  Insurance 
Group, Inc., Farmers Casualty Insurance Company, 
Stateco Financial Services, Inc., Strategic Insurance 
Software,  Inc.,  518  Property  Management  and 
Leasing,  LLC,  State  Auto  Florida 
Insurance 
Company,  Beacon  National  Insurance  Company, 
Beacon  Lloyds,  Inc.,  Beacon  Lloyds  Insurance 
Company,  Patrons  Mutual  Insurance  Company  of 
Connecticut,  Litchfield  Mutual  Fire  Insurance 
Company, and Provision State Insurance Company

803Fin.pdf

127

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
If incorporated by reference document with which Exhibit was
previously filed with SEC

Form  10-K  Annual  Report 
December 31, 2010 (see Exhibit 10.36 therein)

for  year  ended 

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2009 (see Exhibit 10.01 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 (see Exhibit 10.35 therein)

Form 8-K Current Report filed on November 25, 2009 
(see Exhibit 10.1 therein)

Form 8-K Current Report filed on January 7, 2011 
(see Exhibit 10.2 therein)

    Exhibit
    No.

10.32

10.33

10.34

10.35

10.36

Description of Exhibit

Third  Amendment,  effective  as  of  December  31, 
2010, to the Management and Operations Agreement, 
Amended and Restated as of January 1, 2005, among 
State Auto Financial Corporation, State Automobile 
Mutual Insurance Company, State Auto Property & 
Casualty  Insurance  Company,  Milbank  Insurance 
Company, State Auto Insurance Company of Ohio, 
Meridian  Security  Insurance  Company,  Meridian 
Citizens  Mutual  Insurance  Company,  Meridian 
Insurance  Group,  Inc.,  Farmers  Casualty  Insurance 
Company, Stateco Financial Services, Inc., Strategic 
Insurance Software, Inc., 518 Property Management 
and  Leasing,  LLC,  State  Auto  Florida  Insurance 
Company,  Beacon  National  Insurance  Company, 
Beacon  Lloyds,  Inc.,  Beacon  Lloyds  Insurance 
Company,  Patrons  Mutual  Insurance  Company  of 
Connecticut  and  Litchfield  Mutual  Fire  Insurance 
Company

Consulting  Services  Agreement  dated  as  of 
November 1, 2009, by and between State Automobile 
Mutual Insurance Company, State Auto Property & 
Casualty  Insurance  Company,  Meridian  Security 
Insurance  Company,  Meridian  Citizens  Mutual 
Insurance  Company,  Farmers  Casualty  Insurance 
Company, Milbank Insurance Company, and RTW, 
Inc.

to 

Amended and Restated Appendix B , effective as of 
January 1,  2013, 
the  Consulting  Service 
Agreement, dated as of November 1, 2009, by and 
between  State  Automobile  Mutual 
Insurance 
Company, State Auto Property & Casualty Insurance 
Company,  Meridian  Security  Insurance  Company, 
Meridian  Citizens  Mutual  Insurance  Company, 
Farmers  Casualty  Insurance  Company,  Milbank 
Insurance Company, and RTW, Inc.

Underwriting Management Agreement effective as of 
November  20,  2009,  by  and  between  Rockhill 
Insurance  Company,  Plaza  Insurance  Company, 
American  Compensation 
Insurance  Company, 
Bloomington  Compensation  Insurance  Company, 
State Automobile Mutual Insurance Company, State 
Auto  Property &  Casualty  Insurance  Company, 
Meridian  Security  Insurance  Company,  Milbank 
Insurance  Company,  Farmers  Casualty  Insurance 
Company, and Risk Evaluation and Design, LLC

Amended and Restated Management and Operations 
Agreement, effective as of January 1, 2011, by and 
among  State  Auto  Property  &  Casualty  Insurance 
Company,  State  Automobile  Mutual  Insurance 
Company,  Rockhill  Insurance  Company,  Plaza 
Insurance  Company,  American  Compensation 
Insurance  Company,  Bloomington  Compensation 
Insurance  Company,  Rockhill  Holding  Company, 
National Environmental Coverage Corporation of the 
South,  LLC,  National  Environmental  Coverage 
Corporation, RTW, Inc., Rockhill Insurance Services, 
LLC and Rockhill Underwriting Management, LLC.

803Fin.pdf

128

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
If incorporated by reference document with which Exhibit was
previously filed with SEC

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2012 (see Exhibit 10.38 therein)

Form  8-K  Current  Report  filed  on  January 7,  2011 
(see Exhibit 10.1 therein)

Form 10-K Annual Report for year ended December 
31, 2011 (see Exhibit 10.45 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
March 31, 2013 (see Exhibit 10.1 therein)

Description of Exhibit

First Amendment, effective as of January 1, 2013, to 
Amended and Restated Management and Operations 
Agreement, effective as of January 1, 2011 by and 
among  State  Auto  Property  &  Casualty  Insurance 
Company,  State  Automobile  Mutual  Insurance 
Company,  Rockhill  Insurance  Company,  Plaza 
Insurance  Company,  American  Compensation 
Insurance  Company,  Bloomington  Compensation 
Insurance  Company,  Rockhill  Holding  Company, 
National Environmental Coverage Corporation of the 
South,  LLC,  National  Environmental  Coverage 
Corporation, RTW, Inc., Rockhill Insurance Services, 
LLC and Rockhill Underwriting Management, LLC.

Reinsurance  Pooling  Agreement  Amended  and 
Restated  as  of  January  1,  2011,  entered  into  as  of 
January  3,  2011,  by  and  among  State  Automobile 
Mutual Insurance Company, State Auto Property & 
Casualty  Insurance  Company,  Milbank  Insurance 
Company,  State  Auto  Insurance  Company  of 
Wisconsin,  Farmers  Casualty  Insurance  Company, 
State Auto Insurance Company of Ohio, State Auto 
Florida  Insurance  Company,  Meridian  Security 
Insurance  Company,  Meridian  Citizens  Mutual 
Insurance  Company,  Patrons  Mutual  Insurance 
Company  of  Connecticut,  Litchfield  Mutual  Fire 
Insurance  Company,  Beacon  National  Insurance 
Company,  Rockhill  Insurance  Company,  Plaza 
Insurance  Company,  American  Compensation 
Insurance Company and Bloomington Compensation 
Insurance Company

First Amendment, effective December  31,  2011, to 
Reinsurance  Pooling  Agreement  Amended  and 
Restated as of January 1, 2011 by and among State 
Automobile Mutual Insurance Company, State Auto 
Property  &  Casualty  Insurance  Company, Milbank 
Insurance Company, State Auto Insurance Company 
of Wisconsin, Farmers Casualty Insurance Company, 
State Auto Insurance Company of Ohio, State Auto 
Florida  Insurance  Company,  Meridian  Security 
Insurance  Company,  Meridian  Citizens  Mutual 
Insurance  Company,  Patrons  Mutual  Insurance 
Company  of  Connecticut,  Litchfield  Mutual  Fire 
Insurance  Company,  Beacon  National  Insurance 
Company,  Rockhill  Insurance  Company,  Plaza 
Insurance  Company,  American  Compensation 
Insurance Company and Bloomington Compensation 
Insurance Company

Second  Amendment,  effective  March  31,  2013,  to 
Reinsurance  Pooling  Agreement  Amended  and 
Restated as of January 1, 2011 by and among State 
Automobile Mutual Insurance Company, State Auto 
Property  &  Casualty  Insurance  Company, Milbank 
Insurance Company, State Auto Insurance Company 
of  Wisconsin,  State  Auto  Insurance  Company  of 
Ohio,  Meridian  Security 
Insurance  Company, 
Meridian  Citizens  Mutual  Insurance  Company, 
Patrons Mutual Insurance Company of Connecticut, 
Rockhill  Insurance  Company,  Plaza  Insurance 
Company,  American  Compensation 
Insurance 
Company and Bloomington Compensation Insurance 
Company

129

    Exhibit
    No.

10.37

10.38

10.39

10.40

803Fin.pdf

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
    Exhibit
    No.

10.41

10.42

10.43

10.44

10.45

10.46

10.47

Description of Exhibit

Third  Amendment,  effective  July  1,  2014,  to 
Reinsurance  Pooling  Agreement  Amended  and 
Restated as of January 1, 2011 by and among State 
Automobile Mutual Insurance Company, State Auto 
Property  &  Casualty  Insurance  Company, Milbank 
Insurance Company, State Auto Insurance Company 
of  Wisconsin,  State  Auto  Insurance  Company  of 
Ohio, Meridian Security Insurance Company, Patrons 
Mutual Insurance Company of Connecticut, Rockhill 
Insurance  Company,  Plaza  Insurance  Company, 
American  Compensation  Insurance  Company  and 
Bloomington Compensation Insurance Company

Homeowners  Quota  Share  Reinsurance  Contract 
between  State  Automobile  Mutual 
Insurance 
insurance 
itself  and 
Company  (on  behalf  of 
subsidiaries and affiliates now under its ownership, 
control  or  management, 
insurance 
subsidiaries of State Auto Financial Corporation) and 
a syndicate of reinsurers effective December 31, 2011 
at 11:59 p.m.

including 

If incorporated by reference document with which Exhibit was
previously filed with SEC

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2014 (see Exhibit 10.01 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report 
December 31, 2011 (see Exhibit 10.46 therein)

for  year  ended 

Amended and Restated Declaration of Trust of STFC 
Capital Trust I, dated as of May 22, 2003

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2003 (see 10(XX) therein)

Indenture dated as of May 22, 2003, for Floating Rate 
Junior Subordinated Debt Securities Due 2033

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2003 (see 10(YY) therein)

Credit Agreement dated as of May 19, 2009, between 
State  Automobile  Mutual  Insurance  Company,  as 
borrower, and Milbank Insurance Company, as lender

Form 8-K Current Report filed on May 26, 2009 (see 
Exhibit 10.1 therein)

Credit Agreement dated  as  of  September  29,  2011, 
among  State  Auto  Financial  Corporation,  as 
borrower, a syndicate of financial institutions, as the 
lenders party thereto, KeyBank National Association, 
as Administrative Agent, Lead Arranger, Sole Book 
Runner and Swingline Lender, and JPMorgan Chase 
Bank, N.A. and PNC BANK, National Association, 
as Co-Documentation Agents.

Credit Agreement dated as of July 26, 2013, among 
State  Auto  Property  &  Casualty,  as  borrower,  a 
syndicate of financial institutions, as the lenders party 
thereto,  KeyBank  National  Association, 
as 
Administrative  Agent,  Lead  Arranger,  Sole  Book 
Runner and Swingline Lender, and JPMorgan Chase 
Bank, N.A. and PNC BANK, National Association, 
as Co-Documentation Agents.

Form 8-K Current Report filed on July 30, 2013 (see 
Exhibit 10.1 therein)

Form  8-K  Current  Report  filed  on  September 30, 
2011 (see Exhibit 10.1 therein)

10.48*

10.49*

Employment Agreement, dated as of December 20, 
2011, commencing as of January 1, 2012, among State 
Auto Financial Corporation, State Auto Property & 
Casualty  Insurance  Company,  State  Automobile 
Mutual Insurance Company and Robert P. Restrepo, 
Jr.

Executive Agreement dated as of December 20, 2011, 
among  State  Auto  Financial  Corporation,  State 
Automobile Mutual Insurance Company and Robert 
P. Restrepo, Jr.

Form  10-K  Annual  Report 
December 31, 2011 (see Exhibit 10.55 therein)

for  year  ended 

Form  10-K  Annual  Report 
December 31, 2011 (see Exhibit 10.57 therein)

for  year  ended 

803Fin.pdf

130

 
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
  
 
  
 
  
    Exhibit
    No.

10.50*

10.51*

10.52*

10.53*

10.54*

10.55*

10.56*

10.57*

10.58*

10.59*

10.60*

10.61*

10.62*

10.63*

Description of Exhibit

including  Amendment 

Employment Agreement (dated as of November 17, 
2008), 
to  Employment 
Agreement (dated as of November 30, 2010), among 
Rockhill  Holding  Company,  State  Automobile 
Mutual Insurance Company and Jessica E. Buss

Executive Change of Control Agreement dated as of 
October  27,  2014,  among  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation,  State  Auto  Property  &  Casualty 
Insurance  Company,  State  Automobile  Mutual 
Insurance Company and Steven E. English

Executive Change of Control Agreement dated as of 
October  27,  2014,  among  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation,  State  Auto  Property  &  Casualty 
Insurance  Company,  State  Automobile  Mutual 
Insurance Company and Clyde H. Fitch, Jr

Executive Change of Control Agreement dated as of 
October  27,  2014,  among  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation,  State  Auto  Property  &  Casualty 
Insurance  Company,  State  Automobile  Mutual 
Insurance Company and James A. Yano

Executive Change of Control Agreement dated as of 
October  27,  2014,  among  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation,  State  Auto  Property  &  Casualty 
Insurance  Company,  State  Automobile  Mutual 
Insurance Company and Jessica E. Buss

If incorporated by reference document with which Exhibit was
previously filed with SEC

Form  10-K  Annual  Report 
December 31, 2011 (see Exhibit 10.61 therein)

for  year  ended 

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2014 (see Exhibit 10.02 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2014 (see Exhibit 10.03 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2014 (see Exhibit 10.04 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2014 (see Exhibit 10.05 therein)

Form  of  Indemnification Agreement between  State 
Auto Financial Corporation and each of its directors   

Form  8-K  Current  Report  filed  on  November 20, 
2008 (see Exhibit 99.1 therein)

Indemnification Agreement dated as of November 14, 
2008, between State Auto Financial Corporation and 
Robert P. Restrepo, Jr.

Officer Indemnification Agreement dated as of May 
8, 2009, between State Auto Financial Corporation 
and Steven E. English

Officer Indemnification Agreement dated as of May 
8, 2009, between State Auto Financial Corporation 
and Clyde H. Fitch, Jr.

Officer Indemnification Agreement dated as of May 
8, 2009, between State Auto Financial Corporation 
and James A. Yano

Amended 
Incentive 
and  Restated  Equity 
Compensation  Plan  of  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation

Amendment Number 1 to the Amended and Restated 
Equity  Incentive  Compensation  Plan  of  State Auto 
Financial Corporation (amendment effective August 
15, 2008)

Restricted Stock Agreement under the Amended and 
Restated Equity Incentive Compensation Plan dated 
as  of  November  5,  2007,  between  State  Auto 
Financial Corporation and Clyde H. Fitch

Form  of  Non-Qualified  Stock  Option  Agreement 
under  the Amended  and  Restated  Equity  Incentive 
Compensation  Plan  of  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation

131

Form 8-K Current Report filed on May 13, 2009 (see 
Exhibit 10.2 therein)

Form 8-K Current Report filed on May 13, 2009 (see 
Exhibit 10.3 therein)

Form 8-K Current Report filed on May 13, 2009 (see 
Exhibit 10.5 therein)

Form 8-K Current Report filed on May 13, 2009 (see 
Exhibit 10.6 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.60 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2008 (see Exhibit 10.63 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2008 (see Exhibit 10.66 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.62 therein)

803Fin.pdf

 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
 
  
 
  
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
    Exhibit
    No.

10.64*

10.65*

10.66*

10.67*

10.68*

10.69*

10.70*

10.71*

10.72*

10.73*

10.74*

10.75*

10.76*

10.77*

Description of Exhibit

Non-Qualified  Stock  Option  Agreement  under  the 
Amended 
Incentive 
and  Restated  Equity 
Compensation  Plan  of  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation dated March 2, 2006 between State Auto 
Financial Corporation and Robert P. Restrepo, Jr.

Form of Incentive Stock Option Agreement under the 
Amended 
Incentive 
and  Restated  Equity 
Compensation  Plan  of  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation

If incorporated by reference document with which Exhibit was
previously filed with SEC

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.51 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.63 therein)

2009  Equity  Incentive  Compensation  Plan  of  State 
Auto Financial Corporation

Form 8-K Current Report filed on May 13, 2009 (see 
Exhibit 10.7 therein)

Amendment  No.  1  to  the  2009  Equity  Incentive 
Compensation  Plan  of  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation

Amendment  No.  2  to  the  2009  Equity  Incentive 
Compensation  Plan  of  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2011 (see Exhibit 10.01 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2013 (see Exhibit 10.01 therein)

Amendment  No.  3  to  the  2009  Equity  Incentive 
Compensation  Plan  of  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation

Included herein

Restricted Stock Agreement under the 2009 Equity 
Incentive  Compensation  Plan dated  as  of March  4, 
2010 between State Auto Financial Corporation and 
Robert P. Restrepo, Jr.

Restricted Stock Agreement under the 2009 Equity 
Incentive Compensation Plan dated March 3, 2011, 
between State Auto Financial Corporation and Robert 
P. Restrepo, Jr.

Restricted Stock Agreement under the 2009 Equity 
Incentive Compensation Plan dated March 1, 2012, 
between State Auto Financial Corporation and Robert 
P. Restrepo Jr.

Restricted Stock Agreement under the 2009 Equity 
Incentive  Compensation  Plan dated  as  of March  6, 
2014 between State Auto Financial Corporation and 
Robert P. Restrepo, Jr.

Restricted Stock Agreement under the 2009 Equity 
Incentive  Compensation  Plan dated  as  of March  6, 
2014 between State Auto Financial Corporation and 
Steven E. English

Restricted Stock Agreement under the 2009 Equity 
Incentive  Compensation  Plan dated  as  of March  6, 
2014 between State Auto Financial Corporation and 
Clyde H. Fitch, Jr.

Restricted Stock Agreement under the 2009 Equity 
Incentive  Compensation  Plan dated  as  of March  6, 
2014 between State Auto Financial Corporation and 
Jessica E. Buss

Restricted Stock Agreement under the 2009 Equity 
Incentive  Compensation  Plan dated  as  of March  6, 
2014 between State Auto Financial Corporation and 
James A. Yano

132

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
March 31, 2010 (see Exhibit 10.01 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
March 31, 2011 (see Exhibit 10.01 therein)

Form 8-K Current Report filed on May 10, 2012 (see 
Exhibit 10.1 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
March 31, 2014 (see Exhibit 10.01 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
March 31, 2014 (see Exhibit 10.02 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
March 31, 2014 (see Exhibit 10.03 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
March 31, 2014 (see Exhibit 10.04 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
March 31, 2014 (see Exhibit 10.05 therein)

803Fin.pdf

 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
    Exhibit
    No.

10.78*

10.79*

10.80*

10.81*

10.82*

10.83*

10.84*

10.85*

10.86*

10.87*

10.88*

10.89*

10.90*

10.91*

10.92*

10.93*

Description of Exhibit

If incorporated by reference document with which Exhibit was
previously filed with SEC

Outside Directors Restricted Share Unit Plan of State 
Auto Financial Corporation

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.61 therein)

First Amendment to the Outside Directors Restricted 
Share Unit Plan of State Auto Financial Corporation

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.54 therein)

Second  Amendment 
the  Outside  Directors 
Restricted  Share  Unit  Plan  of  State Auto Financial 
Corporation

to 

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2008 (see Exhibit 10.72 therein)

Third Amendment to the Outside Directors Restricted 
Share Unit Plan of State Auto Financial Corporation

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2008 (see Exhibit 10.73 therein)

the  Outside  Directors 
Fourth  Amendment 
Restricted  Share  Unit  Plan  of  State Auto Financial 
Corporation effective November 1, 2010

to 

Form  of  Restricted  Share  Unit  Agreement  for  the 
Outside Directors Restricted Share Unit Plan of State 
Auto Financial Corporation

Form of Designation of Beneficiary for the Outside 
Directors  Restricted  Share  Unit  Plan  of  State Auto 
Financial Corporation

Supplemental  Retirement  Plan 
for  Executive 
Employees  of  State  Auto  Insurance  Companies 
effective as of May 1, 2010

First  Amendment  to  the  Supplemental  Retirement 
Plan  for  Executive  Employees  of  State  Auto 
Insurance 
effective 
Companies (amendment 
December 1, 2010)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report 
December 31, 2010 (see Exhibit 10.89 therein)

for  year  ended 

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.64 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.65 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2010 (see Exhibit 10.01 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report 
December 31, 2010 (see Exhibit 10.96 therein)

for  year  ended 

State  Auto  Financial  Corporation  Supplemental 
Executive Retirement Plan, effective January 1, 2007

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2007 (see Exhibit 10.72 therein)

First  Amendment  to  the  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation  Supplemental  Executive  Retirement 
Plan effective December 1, 2010

Form of Designation of Distribution Election for the 
State  Auto  Financial  Corporation  Supplemental 
Executive Retirement Plan

State  Auto  Insurance  Companies  Amended  and 
Restated  Directors  Deferred  Compensation  Plan 
(amended and restated as of March 1, 2001)

First  Amendment  to  the  State  Auto  Insurance 
Companies  Amended  and  Restated  Directors 
Deferred Compensation Plan (amendment effective 
as of December 1, 2005)

Second  Amendment  to  the  State  Auto  Insurance 
Companies  Amended  and  Restated  Directors 
Deferred Compensation Plan (amendment effective 
as of January 1, 2009)

Third  Amendment  to  the  State  Auto  Insurance 
Companies  Amended  and  Restated  Directors 
Deferred Compensation Plan (amendment effective 
as of January 1, 2009)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report 
December 31, 2010 (see Exhibit 10.98 therein)

for  year  ended 

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2007 (see Exhibit 10.73 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.58 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.59 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2008 (see Exhibit 10.02 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2008 (see Exhibit 10.84 therein)

803Fin.pdf

133

 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
    Exhibit
    No.

10.94*

10.95*

10.96*

10.97*

10.98*

10.99*

10.100*

10.101*

10.102*

10.103*

10.104*

10.105*

10.106*

10.107*

10.108*

If incorporated by reference document with which Exhibit was
previously filed with SEC

1933 Act Registration Statement No. 333-170564 on 
Form S-8 (see Exhibit 4(j) therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2012 (see Exhibit 10.1 therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.60 therein)

Description of Exhibit

Fourth  Amendment  to  the  State  Auto  Insurance 
Companies  Amended  and  Restated  Directors 
Deferred Compensation Plan effective November 1, 
2010

Fifth  Amendment  to  the  State  Auto  Insurance 
Companies  Amended  and  Restated  Directors 
Deferred  Compensation  Plan  effective  January  1, 
2012

Agreement of Assignment and Assumption dated as 
of  March  1,  2001,  among  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation,  State  Automobile  Mutual  Insurance 
Company,  State  Auto  Property  and  Casualty 
Insurance Company, and Midwest Security Insurance 
Company  (nka  State  Auto  Insurance  Company  of 
Wisconsin)  regarding  the  State  Auto  Insurance 
Companies  Amended  and  Restated  Directors 
Deferred Compensation Plan

Form of State Auto Insurance Companies Directors 
Deferred Compensation Agreement

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2005 (see Exhibit 10.61 therein)

State Auto Property & Casualty Insurance Company 
Amended and  Restated 
Incentive  Deferred 
Compensation Plan effective as of March 1, 2010

First  Amendment  to  the  State  Auto  Property  & 
Casualty Insurance Company Amended and Restated 
Incentive Deferred Compensation Plan (amendment 
effective July 1, 2010)

Second  Amendment  to  the  State  Auto  Property  & 
Casualty Insurance Company Amended and Restated 
Incentive Deferred Compensation Plan (amendment 
effective November 1, 2010)

Third  Amendment  to  the  State  Auto  Property  & 
Casualty Insurance Company Amended and Restated 
Incentive Deferred Compensation Plan (amendment 
effective January 1, 2011)

1933 Act Registration Statement No. 333-165366 on 
Form S-8 (see Exhibit 4(e) therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2010 (see Exhibit 10.02 therein)

1933 Act Registration Statement No. 333-170568 on 
Form S-8 (see Exhibit 4(h) therein)

Form  10-K  Annual  Report 
December 31, 2011 (see Exhibit 10.109 therein)

for  year  ended 

State Auto Financial Corporation Leadership Bonus 
Plan

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2007 (see Exhibit 10.64 therein)

First  Amendment  to  the  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation  Leadership  Bonus  Plan  (amendment 
effective as of January 1, 2009)

Second  Amendment  to  the  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation  Leadership  Bonus  Plan  (amendment 
effective as of January 1, 2012)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2008 (see Exhibit 10.04 therein)

Form 8K Current Report filed on May 10, 2012 (see 
Exhibit 10.2 therein)

State  Auto  Financial  Corporation  Long-Term 
Incentive Plan

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
June 30, 2007 (see Exhibit 10.65 therein)

First  Amendment  to  the  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan (amendment 
effective as of January 1, 2008)

Second  Amendment  to  the  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan (amendment 
effective as of January 1, 2009)

Third  Amendment  to  the  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation Long-Term Incentive Plan (amendment 
effective as of January 1, 2012)

Form  8-K  Current  Report  filed  on  March 13,  2008 
(see Exhibit 10.5 therein)

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
September 30, 2008 (see Exhibit 10.05 therein)

Form 8-K Current Report filed on May 10, 2012 (see 
Exhibit 10.3 therein)

803Fin.pdf

134

 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
    Exhibit
    No.

10.109*

10.110*

10.111*

10.112*

21.01

23.01

24.01

24.02

Description of Exhibit

Underwriting Management Agreement effective as of 
November  20,  2009,  by  and  between  Rockhill 
Insurance  Company,  Plaza  Insurance  Company, 
American  Compensation 
Insurance  Company, 
Bloomington  Compensation  Insurance  Company, 
State Automobile Mutual Insurance Company, State 
Auto  Property &  Casualty  Insurance  Company, 
Meridian  Security  Insurance  Company,  Milbank 
Insurance  Company,  Farmers  Casualty  Insurance 
Company, and Risk Evaluation and Design, LLC

Blanket Security Agreement effective February 15,
2013 between State Auto Property & Casualty
Insurance Company and Federal Home Loan Bank
of Cincinnati

Insurance Company Member Addendum to Blanket
Security Agreement effective February 15, 2013
between State Auto Property & Casualty Insurance
Company and Federal Home Loan Bank of
Cincinnati

Application for Callable Advance signed July 10,
2013 by State Auto Property & Casualty Insurance
Company with respect to Blanket Security
Agreement effective February 15, 2013 between
State Auto Property & Casualty Insurance
Company and Federal Home Loan Bank of
Cincinnati

If incorporated by reference document with which Exhibit was
previously filed with SEC

Form  8-K  Current  Report  filed  on  November 25, 
2009 (see Exhibit 10.1 therein)

Form 10-Q Quarterly Report for the period ended
June 30, 2013 (see Exhibit 10.02 therein)

Form 10-Q Quarterly Report for the period ended
June 30, 2013 (see Exhibit 10.03 therein)

Form 10-Q Quarterly Report for the period ended
June 30, 2013 (see Exhibit 10.04 therein)

List  of  Subsidiaries  of  State  Auto  Financial 
Corporation

Included herein

Consent 
Accounting Firm

of 

Independent  Registered  Public 

Included herein

Powers of Attorney—Robert P. Restrepo, Jr., David 
J.  D’Antoni,  David  R.  Meuse,  S.  Elaine  Roberts, 
Alexander B. Trevor and Paul S. Williams

Form  10-K  Annual  Report  for  the  year  ended 
December 31, 2007 (see Exhibit 24.01 therein)

Powers of Attorney—Robert E. Baker and Thomas 
E. Markert

Form  10-Q  Quarterly  Report  for  the  period  ended 
March 31, 2008 (see Exhibit 24.01 therein)

24.03

Power of Attorney—Eileen A. Mallesch

Form  10-K  Annual  Report 
December 31, 2010 (see Exhibit 24.03 therein)

for  year  ended 

31.01

31.02

32.01

32.02

CEO  certification  required  by  Section  302  of 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Included herein

CFO  certification  required  by  Section  302  of 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Included herein

CEO  certification  required  by  Section  906  of 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Included herein

CFO  certification  required  by  Section  906  of 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

Included herein

101.INS

  XBRL Instance Document

   Included herein

101.SCH

  XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

   Included herein

101.CAL

XBRL  Taxonomy  Extension  Calculation  Linkbase 
Document

Included herein

101.DEF

  XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document

   Included herein

101.LAB

XBRL  Taxonomy  Extension  Label  Linkbase 
Document

Included herein

135

803Fin.pdf

 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
 
  
    Exhibit
    No.

101.PRE

Description of Exhibit

If incorporated by reference document with which Exhibit was
previously filed with SEC

XBRL Taxonomy Extension  Presentation  Linkbase 
Document

Included herein

*

Constitutes either a management contract or a compensatory plan or arrangement required to be filed as an Exhibit.

(b)  EXHIBITS

The exhibits included with this Form 10-K, as indicated in Item 15(a)(3), have been separately filed.

(c)  FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

Our financial statement schedules included with this Form 10-K, as indicated in Item 15(a)(2), follow the signatures to this 

Form 10-K.

803Fin.pdf

136

 
  
 
  
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused 

this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

Dated: March 3, 2015

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION

/S/    ROBERT P. RESTREPO, JR.
Robert P. Restrepo, Jr.

Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed by the following persons 

on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

Name

Title

/S/    ROBERT P. RESTREPO, JR.
Robert P. Restrepo, Jr.

Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer
(principal executive officer)

/S/    STEVEN E. ENGLISH
Steven E. English

Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(principal financial officer)

Date

March 3, 2015

March 3, 2015

/S/   Matthew R. Pollak
Matthew R. Pollak

Vice President, Treasurer and Chief Accounting Officer
(principal accounting officer)

March 3, 2015

DAVID J. D’ANTONI*
David J. D’Antoni

ROBERT E. BAKER*
Robert E. Baker

THOMAS E. MARKERT*
Thomas E. Markert

DAVID R. MEUSE*
David R. Meuse

S. ELAINE ROBERTS*
S. Elaine Roberts

EILEEN A. MALLESCH*
Eileen A. Mallesch

ALEXANDER B. TREVOR*
Alexander B. Trevor

PAUL S. WILLIAMS*
Paul S. Williams

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

Director

March 3, 2015

March 3, 2015

March 3, 2015

March 3, 2015

March 3, 2015

March 3, 2015

March 3, 2015

March 3, 2015

*

Steven E. English by signing his name hereto, does sign this document on behalf of the person indicated above pursuant 
to a Power of Attorney duly executed by such person.

/S/    STEVEN E. ENGLISH
Steven E. English

Attorney in Fact

March 3, 2015

803Fin.pdf

137

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

SCHEDULE I – SUMMARY OF INVESTMENTS - OTHER THAN
INVESTMENTS IN RELATED PARTIES
December 31, 2014 

($ millions)

December 31, 2014
Available-for-sale:
Fixed maturities:

U.S. treasury securities and obligations of U.S. government agencies
Obligations of states and political subdivisions
Corporate securities
U.S. government agencies residential mortgage-backed securities

Total fixed maturities

Equity securities:

Large-cap securities
Small-cap securities

Total equity securities

Other invested assets

Total available-for-sale securities

Other invested assets
Total investments – other than investments in related parties

Cost or

amortized            

cost (1)

Fair
value

Amount at
which shown
in the
balance sheet

$

$

296.7
742.5
333.4
458.7
1,831.3

185.5
50.0
235.5
50.5
2,117.3
5.3
2,122.6

$

$

309.3
769.5
340.6
472.5
1,891.9

242.2
68.2
310.4
80.3
2,282.6
5.3
2,287.9

$

$

309.3
769.5
340.6
472.5
1,891.9

242.2
68.2
310.4
80.3
2,282.6
5.3
2,287.9

(1) Original cost of equity securities and, as to fixed maturities, original cost reduced by repayments and adjusted for amortization of premiums or 

accrual of discounts.

803Fin.pdf

 
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION

SCHEDULE II – CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
Condensed Balance Sheets

(in millions, except per share amounts)

Assets

Investments in common stock of subsidiaries (equity method)
Fixed maturities, available-for-sale, at fair value
Other invested assets
Cash and cash equivalents
Other assets
Due from affiliates
Federal income tax, net

Total assets
Liabilities and Stockholders’ Equity

Notes payable (affiliates $116.8 and $116.8, respectively)
Due to affiliates
Other liabilities

Total liabilities

Stockholders’ equity:

Class A Preferred stock (nonvoting), without par value. Authorized 2.5 shares;
none issued

Class B Preferred stock, without par value. Authorized 2.5 shares; none issued
Common stock, without par value. Authorized 100.0 shares; 47.7 and 47.5 shares
issued, respectively, at stated value of $2.50 per share

Treasury stock, 6.8 and 6.8 shares, respectively, at cost
Additional paid-in capital
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Retained earnings
Total stockholders’ equity
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

December 31

2014

2013

$

$

$

$

960.7
0.9
2.8
11.5
0.3
—
21.2
997.4

116.8
0.5
7.2
124.5

—
—

119.3
(116.0)
143.2
71.7
654.7
872.9
997.4

$

$

$

$

891.1
1.6
2.6
6.1
0.4
1.5
4.6
907.9

116.8
—
6.1
122.9

—
—

118.8
(115.9)
137.5
80.8
563.8
785.0
907.9

803Fin.pdf

  
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION

SCHEDULE II – CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
CONTINUED

Condensed Statements of Income

($ millions)

Net investment income
Net realized gain on investments

Total revenues

Interest expense (affiliates $6.0, $3.2 and $0.7, respectively)
Other operating expenses
Total expenses

Loss before federal income taxes
Federal income tax benefit

Net income (loss) before equity in net income of subsidiaries

Equity in net income of subsidiaries

Net income

See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

Year ended December 31
2013

2012

2014

$

$

0.3
—
0.3
6.0
5.6
11.6
(11.3)
(20.6)
9.3
98.1
107.4

$

$

0.3
0.7
1.0
8.8
6.8
15.6
(14.6)
(4.8)
(9.8)
70.6
60.8

$

$

0.2
0.4
0.6
7.0
5.8
12.8
(12.2)
(1.7)
(10.5)
21.2
10.7

803Fin.pdf

 
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION

SCHEDULE II – CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
CONTINUED

Condensed Statements of Comprehensive Income

($ millions, except per share amounts)

Net income
Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

Year ended December 31
2013

2012

2014

$

107.4

$

60.8

$

10.7

Net unrealized holding (losses) gains on investments:

Unrealized holding (losses) gains arising during the year
Reclassification adjustments for gains realized in net income

Income tax benefit
Total net unrealized holding (losses) gains on investments
Unrealized equity in subsidiaries

Other comprehensive (loss) income
Comprehensive income

(0.2)
—
0.1
(0.1)
(9.0)
(9.1)
98.3

$

0.5
(0.7)
—
(0.2)
(3.2)
(3.4)
57.4

$

0.7
(0.4)
—
0.3
20.1
20.4
31.1

$

See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

803Fin.pdf

 
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION

SCHEDULE II – CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
CONTINUED

Condensed Statements of Cash Flows

Year ended December 31
2013

2012

2014

$

107.4

$

60.8

$

10.7

—
0.9
—
(98.1)

0.5
—
—
(16.6)
(5.9)

24.0
—
(0.4)
0.5
0.3
—
24.4

3.5
(0.1)
(16.5)
—
—
—
(13.1)
5.4
6.1
11.5

1.3
1.6
(0.7)
(70.6)

0.1
0.5
0.1
(3.1)
(10.0)

13.8
—
(0.2)
0.2
3.9
3.7
21.4

4.0
(0.1)
(16.1)
(0.1)
100.0
(100.0)
(12.3)
(0.9)
7.0
6.1

$

$

4.3
$
(6.0) $

1.5
$
(8.0) $

(0.3)
0.4
(0.4)
(21.2)

1.5
0.3
—
(1.2)
(10.2)

27.0
(3.2)
(0.3)
2.5
0.3
3.2
29.5

1.6
—
(22.3)
—
—
—
(20.7)
(1.4)
8.4
7.0

0.4
(7.0)

$

$
$

($ millions)

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating
activities:

Depreciation and amortization, net
Share-based compensation
Net realized gain on investments
Equity in net income from consolidated subsidiaries
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

Other liabilities and due from affiliates
Other assets
Excess tax benefits on share-based awards
Federal income taxes, net

Net cash used in operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities:

Dividends received from consolidated subsidiaries
Purchases of equity securities – available-for-sale
Purchases of other invested assets
Maturities, calls and pay downs of fixed maturities – available-for-sale
Sales of fixed maturities – available-for-sale
Sales of equity securities – available-for-sale

Net cash provided by investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities:

Proceeds from issuance of common stock
Payments to acquire treasury stock
Payment of dividends
Excess tax benefits on share-based awards
Proceeds from long-term debt
Redemption of long-term debt
Net cash used in financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year
Supplemental Disclosures:

Federal income tax received
Interest paid (affiliates $6.0, $3.2 and $0.7, respectively)

See accompanying notes to condensed financial statements.

803Fin.pdf

 
  
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION

SCHEDULE II – CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF REGISTRANT
CONTINUED

Notes to Condensed Financial Statements

STFC’s investment in subsidiaries is stated at cost plus equity in net income from consolidated subsidiaries since the date 
of acquisition. STFC’s share of net income of its unconsolidated subsidiaries is included in consolidated income using the equity 
method.

During 2012, STFC received dividends from Stateco in the amount of $9.2 million in investments. 

These financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements of State Auto Financial 

Corporation.  

On July 11, 2013, STFC entered into two separate credit agreements with two of its subsidiaries, State Auto P&C and 
Milbank.   Under the terms of the credit agreements, STFC borrowed $85.0 million and $15.0 million, from State Auto P&C and 
Milbank, respectively.  Under the terms of each credit agreement, interest is payable semi-annually at a fixed annual interest rate 
of 5.28%, with the principal due at the maturity date.   There are no prepayment penalties and no collateral was given as security 
for the payment of either of these loans.

Financial Instruments Disclosed, But Not Carried, At Fair Value

Notes Payable

Included in notes payable are the credit agreements described above with State Auto P&C and Milbank. STFC estimates 
the fair value of each note payable by obtaining market quotations for U.S. treasury securities with similar maturity dates and 
applies an appropriate credit spread. These have been placed in Level 3 of the fair value hierarchy. 

($ millions, except interest rates)

December 31, 2014

December 31, 2013

Carrying
value

Fair
Value

Interest
rate

Carrying
value

Fair
value

Interest
rate

Affiliate note payable with Milbank, issued
$15.0, July 2013 with fixed interest

Affiliate note payable with State Auto P&C,
issued $85.0, July 2013 with fixed interest

Total notes payable to affiliates

$

$

15.0

$

14.8

5.28%

15.0

85.0
100.0

$

83.9
98.7

5.28%

85.0
100.0

14.4

81.4
95.8

5.28%

5.28%

803Fin.pdf

 
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

SCHEDULE III – SUPPLEMENTARY INSURANCE INFORMATION
Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 

($ millions)

Segment
Year ended December 31, 2014:
Personal insurance segment
Business insurance segment
Specialty insurance segment
Investment operations segment
Total

Year ended December 31, 2013:
Personal insurance segment
Business insurance segment
Specialty insurance segment
Investment operations segment
Total

Year ended December 31, 2012:
Personal insurance segment
Business insurance segment
Specialty insurance segment
Investment operations segment
Total

Segment
Year ended December 31, 2014:
Personal insurance segment
Business insurance segment
Specialty insurance segment
Investment operations segment
Total

Year ended December 31, 2013:
Personal insurance segment
Business insurance segment
Specialty insurance segment
Investment operations segment
Total

Year ended December 31, 2012:
Personal insurance segment
Business insurance segment
Specialty insurance segment
Investment operations segment
Total

Deferred
policy
acquisition
cost

Future
benefits,
claims and
losses(1)

Unearned
premiums

Other policy
claims and
benefits
payable

Premium
revenue

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

48.9
41.4
36.2
—
126.5

31.5
38.8
26.5
—
96.8

30.1
35.0
26.6
—
91.7

$

$

$

$

$

$

201.9
349.8
421.9
—
973.6

223.7
359.6
367.5
—
950.8

231.0
341.8
355.9
—
928.7

Net
investment
income

Benefits,
losses and
settlement
expenses(2)

— $
—
—
74.7
74.7

$

— $
—
—
72.8
72.8

$

— $
—
—
75.4
75.4

$

318.3
231.3
219.0
—
768.6

342.2
221.8
158.7
—
722.7

344.8
222.5
211.7
—
779.0

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

270.7
201.9
139.8
—
612.4

189.9
193.1
108.0
—
491.0

188.4
180.9
112.3
—
481.6

Amort.
of deferred
policy
acquisition
costs

75.4
81.9
64.5
—
221.8

74.7
74.3
60.6
—
209.6

76.6
63.1
73.4
—
213.1

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

— $
—
—
—
— $

— $
—
—
—
— $

— $
—
—
—
— $

451.4
381.8
240.9
—
1,074.1

464.0
364.2
226.8
—
1,055.0

469.8
327.2
245.1
—
1,042.1

Other
operating
expenses

Premiums
written

52.0
58.1
30.0
—
140.1

55.5
73.5
16.2
—
145.2

46.6
80.6
5.6
—
132.8

$

$

$

$

$

$

532.1
389.2
272.9
—
1,194.2

465.4
374.8
221.9
—
1,062.1

469.5
349.4
236.4
—
1,055.3

(1) Segmented balances are net of reinsurance recoverable on losses and loss expenses payable.

(2) Benefits, losses and settlement expenses are monitored on a statutory basis.

803Fin.pdf

 
 
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

SCHEDULE IV – REINSURANCE

Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012 

($ million, except percentages)

Ceded to

Assumed from

Gross
Amount

Unaffiliated
Companies

Affiliated
Companies

(1)

Unaffiliated
Companies

Affiliated
Companies

(1)

Net
Amount

Percentage
of  amount
assumed
(2)
to net 

Property-casualty
earned premiums for 
year ended December 31,
2014
2013
2012

$

$

882.6
874.7
833.3

$

25.3
23.5
28.2

$

861.7
855.0
809.2

4.4
3.8
4.1

$ 1,074.1
1,055.0
1,042.1

$ 1,074.1
1,055.0
1,042.1

0.4%
0.4 %
0.4 %

(1) These columns include the effect of intercompany pooling.

(2) Calculated as earned premiums assumed from outside companies to net amount.

803Fin.pdf

 
STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES

SCHEDULE V – VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

Years Ended December 31, 2014, 2013 and 2012

($ millions)

Valuation allowance for deferred tax assets:
Balance at beginning of period

Deductions

Balance at end of period

2014

At December 31
2013

2012

$

$

$

82.6
82.6

— $

100.5
17.9
82.6

$

$

103.3
2.8
100.5

803Fin.pdf

 
EXHIBIT 23.01

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements:

Form

Registration
Number

S-8

33-44667

1991 Stock Option Plan

33-89400

Description

S-8

S-8

S-8

S-8

S-8

S-3

S-3

S-8

S-8

33-44666

1991 Directors’ Stock Option Plan

33-41423

1991 Employee Stock Purchase and Dividend Reinvestment Plan

333-05755

333-147333

333-56336

State Auto Insurance Companies Retirement Savings Plan

333-43882

2000 Directors’ Stock Option Plan

333-43880

2000 Stock Option Plan

333-14849

Monthly Stock Purchase Plan for Independent Agents

333-90529

1998 State Auto Agents’ Stock Option Plan

333-127172

2005 Outside Directors Restricted Share Unit Plan

333-165364

State Auto Financial Corporation 2009 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan

333-192158

S-8

333-165366

333-170568

State Auto Property & Casualty Insurance Company Amended and Restated Incentive Deferred Compensation
Plan

S-8

333-170564

State Auto Insurance Companies Amended and Restated Directors Deferred Compensation Plan

of our reports dated March 3, 2015, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedules of State Auto Financial Corporation 
and subsidiaries and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of State Auto Financial Corporation and subsidiaries, 
included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2014.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Columbus, Ohio

March 3, 2015

803Fin.pdf

 
I, Robert P. Restrepo, Jr., certify that: 

CERTIFICATION 

EXHIBIT 31.01 

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

I have reviewed this Form 10-K of State Auto Financial Corporation;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a 
material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements 
were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, 
and for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial 
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the 
period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 

reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) 

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this 
report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of 
the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an 
annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s 
internal control over financial reporting; and

5. 

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal 
control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of 
directors:

(a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 

financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and

(b)  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant 

role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: March 3, 2015

/s/ Robert P. Restrepo, Jr.

Robert P. Restrepo, Jr.,

Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

803Fin.pdf

I, Steven E. English, certify that: 

CERTIFICATION 

EXHIBIT 31.02

1. 

2. 

3. 

4. 

I have reviewed this Form 10-K of State Auto Financial Corporation;

Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a 
material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements 
were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly 
present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, 
and for, the periods presented in this report;

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls 
and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial 
reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be 
designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its 
consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the 
period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial 

reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of 
financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with 
generally accepted accounting principles;

(c) 

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this 
report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of 
the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred 
during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an 
annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s 
internal control over financial reporting; and

5. 

The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal 
control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of 
directors:

(a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over 

financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, 
summarize and report financial information; and

(b)  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant 

role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: March 3, 2015

/s/ Steven E. English

Steven E. English,

Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer)

803Fin.pdf

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 

EXHIBIT 32.01 

In connection with the Annual Report of State Auto Financial Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended 
December 31, 2014, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Robert P. Restrepo, 
Jr., Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of 
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that: 

(1)  The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of 

operations of the Company.

/s/ Robert P. Restrepo, Jr.

Robert P. Restrepo, Jr.

Chief Executive Officer

March 3, 2015

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to State Auto Financial Corporation and 
will be retained by State Auto Financial Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon 
request. 

803Fin.pdf

CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 
18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350, AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 906 
OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002 

EXHIBIT 32.02 

In connection with the Annual Report of State Auto Financial Corporation (the “Company”) on Form 10-K for the period ended 
December 31, 2014, as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Steven E. English,  
Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the 
Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that: 

(1)  The Report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of 

operations of the Company.

/s/ Steven E. English

Steven E. English

Chief Financial Officer

March 3, 2015

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to State Auto Financial Corporation and 
will be retained by State Auto Financial Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon 
request. 

803Fin.pdf

[THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK]

803Fin.pdf

Corporate Information

ANNUAL MEETING
10 a.m. ET Friday, May 8, 2015, at Corporate 
Headquarters

SHAREHOLDER INQUIRIES
Tara Shull
Investor Relations and Finance Director
State Auto Financial Corporation
518 E. Broad St.
Columbus, Ohio 43215
Phone (614) 917-4478  
Fax (614) 887-1793
Tara.Shull@StateAuto.com

INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
Ernst & Young LLP
Huntington Center
41 S. High St., Ste. 1100
Columbus, Ohio 43215

LEGAL COUNSEL
Baker & Hostetler LLP
65 E. State St., Ste. 2100
Columbus, Ohio 43215

SEC FILINGS
This report and other fi lings with the Securities and 
Exchange Commission are available free of charge 
on the Company’s website at StateAuto.com.

TRANSFER AGENT/REGISTRAR
Computershare
P.O. Box 43078
Providence, R.I. 02940
Phone (800) 622-6757
www.computershare.com/investor

STOCK TRADING
Common shares are traded in the Nasdaq Global Select 
National Market System under the symbol STFC. As of 
Feb. 27, 2015, there were 1,258 shareholders of the  
Company’s common shares.

MARKET PRICE RANGE,COMMON STOCK
Initial Public Offering – June 28, 1991, $2.25 
The high and low sale prices for each quarterly period 
for the past two years as reported by Nasdaq and cash 
dividends paid per share are:

 2014 
High 
Fourth Quarter  $24.00 
  25.43 
Third Quarter  
Second Quarter    23.62 
  22.85 
First Quarter 

 2013 
Fourth Quarter 
Third Quarter  
Second Quarter 
First Quarter 

High 
$22.61 
  23.10 
  19.77 
  17.99 

Low 
$19.36 
  20.30 
  20.01 
  18.35 

Low 
$18.65 
  17.56 
  15.48 
  14.10 

Dividend         

$0.10
  0.10
  0.10
  0.10

Dividend         

$0.10
  0.10
  0.10
  0.10

CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS
State Auto Financial Corporation
518 E. Broad St.
Columbus, Ohio 43215
StateAuto.com
(614) 464-5000

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS 
This Annual Report contains forward-looking statements 
within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation 
Reform Act of 1995. Please see “Important Information 
Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” preceding 
Part I of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K 
for the fiscal year ended Dec. 31, 2014, which is 
included with this Annual Report.

39803.indd   7

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State Auto Financial Corporation Annual Report

State Auto Financial Corporation

State Auto Property & Casualty Insurance Company

Milbank Insurance Company

State Auto Insurance Company of Ohio

Stateco Financial Services Inc.

518 Property Management & Leasing LLC

State Automobile Mutual Insurance Company

State Auto Insurance Company of Wisconsin

Meridian Security Insurance Company

Patrons Mutual Insurance Company of Connecticut

Rockhill Insurance Company

Plaza Insurance Company

American Compensation Insurance Company

Bloomington Compensation Insurance Company

STATE AUTO FINANCIAL CORPORATION 
518 E. BROAD ST. 
COLUMBUS, OHIO 43215

STATEAUTO.COM

39803.indd   8

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