Quarterlytics / Industrials / Conglomerates / Steel Partners Holdings L.P.

Steel Partners Holdings L.P.

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FY2017 Annual Report · Steel Partners Holdings L.P.
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UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For The Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2017

OR

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF
1934

Commission File Number: 001-35493
______________

STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware
(State of Incorporation)
590 Madison Avenue, 32nd Floor
New York, New York
(Address of principal executive offices)

13-3727655
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

10022
(Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (212) 520-2300

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class

Name of each exchange on
which registered

Common units, $0 par

New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

Common Units, no par value

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.   Yes 

   No 

Indicate by check mark if the Registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the 

Act.   Yes 

   No 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the 
Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file 
such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.   Yes 

No 

 
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, 
every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) 
during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes 
No 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) 
is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements 
incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a 
smaller reporting company, or emerging growth company.  See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," and "accelerated filer," 
"smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. 

Large accelerated filer
Non-accelerated filer

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Accelerated filer
Smaller reporting company
Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition 
period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange 
Act. 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined by Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes 

No 

The  aggregate  market  value  of  our  common  units  held  by  non-affiliates  of  registrant  as  of  June 30,  2017  totaled 

approximately $234.2 million based on the then-closing unit price.

On March 6, 2018, there were 26,296,341 common units outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

The information required by Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part III will be incorporated by reference to certain portions 

of a definitive proxy statement, which will be filed by the Registrant within 120 days after the close of its fiscal year.

 
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STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P.
TABLE OF CONTENTS

Business
Risk Factors

Item 1A.
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments
Item 2.

Properties
Legal Proceedings

PART I

Item 1.

Item 3.

Item 4.

PART II

Item 5.

Item 6.

Item 7.

Item 8.

Item 9.

Mine Safety Disclosures

Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of 
Equity Securities

Selected Financial Data
Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure
Controls and Procedures

Item 9A.
Item 9B. Other Information

PART III

Item 10.

Item 11.

Item 12.

Item 13.

Item 14.

PART IV

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

Executive Compensation

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder 
Matters

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

Item 15.

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

Item 16.

Form 10-K Summary

SIGNATURES

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As used in this Form 10-K, unless the context otherwise requires the terms "we," "us," "our," "SPLP" and the "Company" 

refer to Steel Partners Holdings L.P., a Delaware limited partnership.

PART I

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This report includes "forward-looking statements" within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as 
amended ("Securities Act"), and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended ("Exchange Act"), including, in 
particular, forward-looking statements under the headings "Item 7 - Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition 
and Results of Operations" and "Item 8 - Financial Statements and Supplementary Data." These statements appear in a number of 
places in this report and include statements regarding the Company's intent, belief or current expectations with respect to (i) its 
financing plans, (ii) trends affecting its financial condition or results of operations, and (iii) the impact of competition. The words 
"expect," "anticipate," "intend," "plan," "believe," "seek," "estimate," and similar expressions are intended to identify such forward-
looking statements; however, this report also contains other forward-looking statements in addition to historical information.

Item 1. Business 

All monetary amounts used in this discussion are in thousands unless otherwise indicated.

The Company

SPLP is a diversified global holding company that owns and operates businesses and has significant interests in leading 
companies in various industries, including diversified industrial products, energy, defense, supply chain management and logistics, 
banking and youth sports. SPLP operates through the following segments: Diversified Industrial, Energy, Financial Services, and 
Corporate and Other. Each of our companies has its own management team with significant experience in their industries. Our 
subsidiary, Steel Services Ltd (''Steel Services''), through management services agreements, provides services to us and some of 
our companies which include assignment of C-Level management personnel, legal, tax, accounting, treasury, consulting, auditing, 
administrative,  compliance,  environmental  health  and  safety,  human  resources,  marketing,  investor  relations,  operating  group 
management  and  other  similar  services.  We  work  with  our  businesses  to  increase  corporate  value  over  the  long  term  for  all 
stakeholders by implementing our unique strategy discussed in more detail below.

SPLP is managed by SP General Services LLC ("Manager"), pursuant to the terms of an amended and restated management 
agreement ("Management Agreement") discussed in further detail in Note 19 – "Related Party Transactions" to the SPLP consolidated 
financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K. From its founding in 1990, the Manager and its affiliates have focused on 
increasing value for investors in the entities it has managed. Our wholly-owned subsidiary, Steel Partners Holdings GP Inc. ("General 
Partner"), is our general partner. The General Partner has a board of directors ("Board of Directors"). The Board of Directors is 
currently comprised of seven members, five of whom are elected annually by our unitholders and two of whom are appointed by 
the Manager. Warren G. Lichtenstein, the Executive Chairman of our Manager, serves as the Executive Chairman of the Board of 
Directors.

Products and Product Mix

Diversified Industrial Segment

Our Diversified Industrial segment is comprised of manufacturers of engineered niche industrial products, with leading 
market positions in many of the markets they serve. The businesses in this segment distribute products to customers through their 
sales personnel, outside sales representatives and distributors in North and South America, Europe, Australia, Asia and several other 
international markets. Below is additional information related to the businesses within the Diversified Industrial segment. 

Joining Materials - The Joining Materials business primarily fabricates precious metals and their alloys into brazing alloys. 
Brazing alloys are used to join similar and dissimilar metals, as well as specialty metals and some ceramics, with strong, hermetic 
joints. The Joining Materials business offers these metal joining products in a wide variety of alloys, including gold, silver, palladium, 
copper, nickel, aluminum and tin. These brazing alloys are fabricated into a variety of engineered forms and are used in many 
industries, including electrical, appliance, transportation, construction and general industrial, where dissimilar material and metal 
joining applications are required. Operating income from precious metal products is principally derived from the "value-added" of 
processing and fabricating and not from the direct purchase and resale of precious metals. The Joining Materials business enters 
into commodity futures and forward contracts to mitigate the impact of price fluctuations on its precious and certain non-precious 

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metal inventories that are not subject to fixed price contracts. We believe that the business unit that comprises our Joining Materials 
business is the North American market leader in many of the markets that it serves.

Tubing - The Tubing business manufactures a wide variety of stainless and low carbon steel tubing products. The Tubing 
business manufactures some of the world's longest continuous seamless stainless steel tubing coils, up to 6,000 feet, serving primarily 
the petrochemical and oil & gas infrastructure markets. In addition, it is a top supplier of precision, small diameter (less than 3 mm) 
coil tubing to industry leading specifications serving the aerospace, defense and health care markets. The Tubing business is also 
a  leading  manufacturer  of  mechanical  and  fluid-carrying  welded  low  carbon  tubing  used  for  diverse  industries,  including  the 
automotive, heavy truck, heating, cooling and oil & gas markets. Products are delivered in continuous lengths from 2 inches to 
30,000 feet in coil, cut or spool packaging styles.

Building Materials - The Building Materials business manufactures and supplies products primarily to the commercial 
construction and building industries. It manufactures fasteners, adhesives and fastening systems for the U.S. commercial low-slope 
roofing industry, which are sold to building and roofing material wholesalers, roofing contractors and private label roofing system 
manufacturers,  and a  line of engineered specialty fasteners for  the building products  industry for  fastening applications in  the 
remodeling and construction of homes, decking and landscaping. We believe that our primary business unit in the Building Materials 
business is the market leader in fasteners and accessories for commercial low-slope roofing applications and that the majority of 
the net sales for our Building Materials business are for the commercial construction repair and replacement market.

Performance Materials - The Performance Materials business manufactures sheet and mechanically formed glass, quartz, 
carbon and aramid materials for specialty applications in a wide expanse of markets requiring highly engineered components. Its 
products are used in a wide range of advanced composite applications, such as civilian and military aerospace components, printed 
electronic circuit boards, automotive and industrial components, and substrates for civilian and military armor applications.

Electrical Products - The Electrical Products business designs, manufactures and markets power electronics, motion control, 
power  protection,  power  quality  electromagnetic  equipment,  and  custom  gears  and  gearboxes  used  in  a  variety  of  medical, 
commercial  and  military  aerospace,  computer,  datacom,  industrial,  architectural  and  entertainment  lighting,  and  telecom 
applications. Its products are generally incorporated into larger systems to improve operating performance, safety, reliability and 
efficiency. The reported operations of the Electrical Products business are comprised of the operations of SL Industries, Inc. ("SLI") 
and those of the former Electromagnetic Enterprise division ("EME") of Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation, which were acquired 
on June 1, 2016 and September 30, 2016, respectively.

Kasco Blades and Route Repair Services ("Kasco") - The Kasco business provides meat-room blade products, repair 
services and resale products for the meat and deli departments of supermarkets, restaurants, meat and fish processing plants, and 
for distributors of electrical saws and cutting equipment, principally in North America and Europe. The Kasco business also provides 
cutting blades for bakeries, in addition to wood cutting blade products for the pallet manufacturing, pallet recycler and portable 
saw mill industries in North America.

Foils, Films, Laminates and Holographics - Through our subsidiary WebFinancial Holding Corporation ("WFHC"), we 
own approximately 91.2% of API Group plc ("API") as of December 31, 2017. API, our Packaging business, manufactures and 
distributes foils, films and laminates used to enhance the visual appeal of products and packaging. API's laminates and foils businesses 
produce carton board laminates and foils for the packaging of consumer goods as well as the food and confectionery, tobacco, health 
and  beauty,  personal  care,  greeting  cards,  books,  magazines,  footwear  and  sports  goods  and  office  and  promotional  products 
industries. API's holographics business manufactures holographic products for use on premium branded goods in various industries. 

Energy Segment 

Our Energy segment provides drilling and production services to the oil & gas industry and owns a youth sports business. 
Its parent company, Steel Excel Inc. ("Steel Excel") also has equity method and other investments in a number of businesses. Below 
is additional information related to the consolidated businesses within the Energy segment. 

Steel  Energy  -  The  Energy  business  provides  completion,  re-completion  and  production  services  to  exploration  and 
production companies in the oil & gas business. The services provided include well completion and recompletion, well maintenance 
and workover, snubbing, flow testing, down hole pumping, plug and abandonment, and rental of auxiliary equipment, logging and 
perforating wireline services. 

Steel  Sports  -  Steel  Sports  is  a  social  impact  organization  that  strives  to  provide  a  first-class  youth  sports  experience 

emphasizing positive experiences and instilling the core values of discipline, teamwork, safety, respect and integrity. 

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Financial Services Segment

WebBank - Through our subsidiary WFHC, we own approximately 91.2% of WebBank. WebBank is a Utah chartered 
industrial bank subject to comprehensive regulation, examination and supervision of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation 
("FDIC") and the State of Utah Department of Financial Institutions ("UDFI"). WebBank is not considered a "bank" for Bank 
Holding Company Act purposes and, as such, SPLP is not regulated as a bank holding company. WebBank's deposits are insured 
by the FDIC. WebBank engages in a full range of banking activities including originating loans, issuing credit cards and taking 
deposits that are federally insured. WebBank originates and funds consumer and small business loans through lending programs 
with unaffiliated companies that market and service the programs ("Marketing Partners"), where the Marketing Partners subsequently 
purchase the loans (or interests in the loans) that are originated by WebBank. WebBank also has private-label financing programs 
that are branded for a specific retailer, manufacturer, dealer channel, proprietary network or bank card program. WebBank participates 
in syndicated commercial and industrial as well as asset-based credit facilities and asset-based securitizations through relationships 
with other financial institutions. 

Corporate and Other

Corporate and Other consists of several consolidated subsidiaries, equity method and other investments, and cash and cash 
equivalents. Steel Services has management services agreements with both our consolidated subsidiaries and other related companies. 
For additional information on these service agreements see Note 19 - "Related Party Transactions" to the SPLP consolidated financial 
statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K. 

Business Strategy

We continuously evaluate the retention and disposition of existing operations and investigate possible acquisitions of new 
businesses, often focusing on businesses that are selling substantially below intrinsic value. We consider possible synergies and 
economies of scale in operating and/or making determinations to acquire or dispose of companies. We seek additional means to 
reduce costs and to encourage integration of operations and the building of business relationships among our companies, consistent 
with our desire that our unitholders benefit from the diversified holding company structure.

We strive to enhance the business operations of our companies and increase long-term value for unitholders and stakeholders 
through balance sheet improvements, strategic allocation of capital and operational and growth initiatives. We use a set of tools and 
processes called the Steel Business System to drive operational and commercial efficiencies across each of our businesses. The Steel 
Business System utilizes a strategy deployment process to execute strategic initiatives for each of our businesses to improve their 
performance,  including  objectives  relating  to  manufacturing  improvement,  idea  generation,  product  development,  and  global 
sourcing of materials and services.

Our operational initiatives include creating efficiencies through consolidated purchasing and materials sourcing provided 
by the Steel Partners Purchasing Council, which arranges shared purchasing programs and is reducing costs for, and providing 
other  benefits  to,  a  number  of  our  companies. We  strive  to  reduce  our  companies'  operational  costs,  and  enhance  growth  and 
profitability, through the implementation of Steel Partners Operational Excellence Programs, which include the deployment of 
Lean Manufacturing, Design for Six Sigma, Six Sigma and Strategy Deployment. We are focused on reducing corporate overhead 
of our companies by centralizing certain administrative and corporate services through Steel Services that provides management, 
consulting and advisory services.

Generally, we seek to actively acquire and maintain control over our companies through our ability to influence their 
policies.  Depending  on  the  size  of  our  ownership  interests  in  any  given  company,  this  may  be  achieved  by  obtaining  board 
representation and overseeing and providing assistance to the existing management team. We generally view our companies as 
long-term holdings, and we expect to realize value by operating them with a view towards fostering growth and maximizing their 
value rather than through the sale of ownership interests. The securities of some of the companies in which we have interests are 
traded on national securities exchanges, while others are privately held or not actively traded.

Customers

The businesses within the Diversified Industrial segment are diversified across industrial markets and customers. The 
Joining Materials, Tubing, Building Materials, Performance Materials, Electrical Products, Kasco and Packaging businesses sell 
to  customers  in  the  construction,  electrical,  electronics,  transportation,  power  control,  utility,  medical,  oil  &  gas  exploration, 
aerospace  and  defense,  consumer  products,  packaging  and  food  industries.  No  customer  accounted  for  more  than  10%  of  the 

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Diversified  Industrial  segment's  consolidated  net  sales  in  2017,  2016  or  2015. The  Diversified  Industrial  segment's  15  largest 
customers accounted for approximately 28% of consolidated Diversified Industrial segment net sales in 2017.

The Energy segment primarily provides its services to customers' extraction and production operations in North Dakota 
and Montana in the Bakken basin, Colorado and Wyoming in the Niobrara basin, Texas in the Permian basin and New Mexico in 
the San Juan basin. It relies primarily on its local operations to sell and market its services. In 2017, Steel Excel had two customers 
that made up 25% of its net revenue, and its top 15 customers made up 70%, 75% and 76% of its net revenue for the years ended 
December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 

In the Financial Services segment, WebBank earns interest income primarily from interest and fees earned on loans and 
investments, and it earns non-interest income primarily from origination fees earned on loans, fee income on contractual lending 
arrangements, premiums on the sale of loans and loan servicing fees. For the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, the 
two highest grossing contractual lending programs accounted for 40%, 47% and 46%, respectively, of WebBank's total revenue. 

Raw Materials

The raw materials used by the businesses within the Diversified Industrial segment are as follows:

Besides precious metals, the raw materials used in the Joining Materials, Tubing, Building Materials, Electrical Products, 
and Kasco businesses consist principally of stainless, galvanized silicon and carbon steel, aluminum, copper, tin, nickel alloys, a 
variety of high-performance alloys, permanent magnets, electronic and electrical components and various plastic compositions. 
The raw materials used in the operations of the Performance Materials business consist principally of fiberglass, quartz and aramid 
yarns. The raw materials used in the Packaging business consist principally of board, PET film, organic solvents, aluminum, resins, 
pigments and adhesives. Raw materials are generally purchased at open market prices from domestic and foreign suppliers. The 
Diversified Industrial segment businesses have not experienced any significant problem in obtaining the necessary quantities of 
raw materials. Prices and availability, particularly of raw materials purchased from foreign suppliers, are affected by world market 
conditions and government policies. Other than the precious metals used in the Joining Materials business, the raw materials used 
by these businesses are generally readily available from more than one source. 

The businesses in our Diversified Industrial segment also require significant amounts of electricity, oil & natural gas to 
operate their facilities, and they are subject to price changes in these commodities. A shortage of electricity, oil or natural gas, or 
a government allocation of supplies resulting in a general reduction in supplies, could increase costs of production and could cause 
some curtailment of production.

Capital Investments

SPLP believes that in order to be and remain competitive, its businesses must continuously strive to increase revenue, 
improve productivity and product quality, and control and/or reduce manufacturing costs. Accordingly, SPLP expects to continue 
to make capital investments that reduce overall manufacturing costs, improve the quality of products produced and services provided 
and broaden the array of products offered to the industries it serves, as well as replace equipment as necessary to maintain compliance 
with environmental, health and safety laws and regulations. SPLP's capital expenditures for 2017, 2016 and 2015 for continuing 
operations were $54,737, $34,183 and $23,252, respectively. SPLP anticipates funding its capital expenditures in 2018 from funds 
generated by operations and borrowed funds. 

Employment

As of December 31, 2017, the Company employed approximately 4,800 employees worldwide. Of these employees, 780 
were  covered  by  collective  bargaining  agreements,  all  in  the  Diversified  Industrial  segment. The  Energy  segment  also  hires 
additional full-time and part-time employees during peak seasonal periods.

Competition

There are many companies, larger and smaller, domestic and foreign, which manufacture products or provide services of 
the type offered by our businesses. Some of these competitors are larger and have financial resources greater than our subsidiaries. 
Some  of  these  competitors  enjoy  certain  other  competitive  advantages,  including  greater  name  recognition,  greater  financial, 
technical, marketing and other resources, a larger installed base of customers and well-established relationships with current and 
potential customers. 

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Competition in the Diversified Industrial segment is based on quality, technology, service, reputation, price, and in some 

industries, new product introduction.

The  Energy  business  operates  in  a  highly  competitive  industry  that  is  influenced  by  price,  capacity,  reputation  and 
experience. In times of high demand, capacity, reputation and experience are major competitive forces. In times of low demand, 
service providers will compete on price to attract customers. In addition, they need to maintain a safe work environment and a well-
trained work force to remain competitive. Energy services are affected by seasonal factors, such as inclement weather, fewer daylight 
hours and holidays during the winter months. Heavy snow, ice, wind or rain can make it difficult to operate and to move equipment 
between work sites, which can reduce its ability to provide services and generate revenues. These seasonal factors affect competitors 
as well. Because they have conducted business together over several years, the members of our local operations have established 
strong working relationships with certain of their clients. These strong client relationships provide a better understanding of region-
specific issues and enable us to better address customer needs. The market for Steel Sports' baseball facility services and soccer 
camps and leagues is very fragmented, and its competitors are primarily small local or regional operations.

WebBank competes with a broad range of banks, both larger and smaller, across its various lines of business.

Regulation

Certain of our business are subject to various regulations relating to protection of the environment, worker safety, the 
handling of hazardous materials, transportation standards and banking. The Company does not presently anticipate that compliance 
with currently applicable environmental regulations and controls will significantly change its competitive position, capital spending 
or earnings during 2018. SPLP believes its subsidiaries are in compliance with all orders and decrees it has consented to with 
environmental regulatory agencies. These regulations are discussed in more detail below. Also, please see "Item 1A - Risk Factors," 
"Item 3 - Legal Proceedings" and Note 18 - "Commitments and Contingencies" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found 
elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

•  The  Comprehensive  Environmental  Response,  Compensation  and  Liability Act,  as  amended,  and  comparable  state  laws 
("CERCLA") impose liability without regard to fault or the legality of the original conduct on certain defined parties, including 
current and prior owners or operators of a site where a release of hazardous substances occurred and entities that disposed of or 
arranged for the disposition of the hazardous substances found at the site. Under CERCLA, these parties may be subject to joint 
and several liability for the costs of cleaning up the hazardous substances that were released into the environment and for damages 
to natural resources. Further, claims may be filed for personal injury and property damages allegedly caused by the release of 
hazardous substances and other pollutants. We may encounter materials that are considered hazardous substances in the course 
of our operations. As a result, our businesses may incur CERCLA liability for cleanup costs and be subject to related third-party 
claims. We also may be subject to the requirements of the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, as amended, and comparable 
state  statutes  ("RCRA")  related  to  solid  wastes.  Under  CERCLA  or  RCRA,  our  subsidiaries  could  be  required  to  clean  up 
contaminated property (including contaminated groundwater) or to perform remedial activities to prevent future contamination.

•  The Clean Water Act established the basic structure for regulating discharges of pollutants into the waters of the United States 
and quality standards for surface waters. In addition, the Oil Pollution Act of 1990 imposed a multitude of requirements on 
responsible parties related to the prevention of oil spills and liability for damages resulting from such spills in the waters of the 
United  States.  These  and  comparable  state  laws  provide  for  administrative,  civil,  and  criminal  penalties  for  unauthorized 
discharges  and  impose  stringent  requirements  for  spill  prevention  and  response  planning,  as  well  as  considerable  potential 
liability for the costs of removal and damages in connection with unauthorized discharges.

•  The Clean Air Act, as amended, and comparable state laws and regulations restrict the emission of air pollutants and impose 
various monitoring and reporting requirements. These laws and regulations may require our subsidiaries to obtain approvals or 
permits for construction, modification, or operation of certain projects or facilities and may require use of emission controls. 
Various scientific studies suggest that emissions of greenhouse gases, including, among others, carbon dioxide and methane, 
contribute to global warming. While it is not possible to predict how legislation or new regulations that may be adopted to 
address greenhouse gas emissions would impact the Company's businesses, any new restrictions on emissions that are imposed 
could result in increased compliance costs for, or additional operating restrictions on, the Company and its customers, which 
could have an adverse effect on the Company's business.

•  The Occupational Safety and Health Act, as amended, and comparable state laws ("OSHA") regulate the protection of employee 
health and safety. OSHA's hazard communication standard requires that information about hazardous materials used or produced 
in its operations be maintained and provided to employees and state and local government authorities.

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WebBank is subject to regulatory capital requirements administered by the FDIC. Under capital adequacy guidelines and 
the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, WebBank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative 
measures of WebBank's assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. 
WebBank's capital amounts and classification are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk 
weightings  and  other  factors.  Failure  to  meet  minimum  capital  requirements  can  initiate  certain  actions  by  regulators  that,  if 
undertaken, could have a direct material adverse effect on WebBank's financial statements. In addition, federal banking laws and 
regulations generally would prohibit WebBank from making any capital distribution (including payment of a dividend) if WebBank 
would be under-capitalized thereafter. Undercapitalized depository institutions are subject to growth limitations and must submit 
a capital restoration plan, which must be guaranteed by the institution's holding company. In addition, an undercapitalized institution 
is subject to increased monitoring and greater regulatory approval requirements. Currently, WebBank meets or exceeds all applicable 
regulatory capital requirements.

WebBank is also subject to legal requirements in connection with the consumer and business lending programs that it 
originates. These include disclosure requirements, prohibitions on certain activities, and a broad prohibition on engaging in unfair, 
deceptive or abusive acts or practices. These requirements are enforced by WebBank's regulators, the FDIC and the UDFI, as well 
as through private litigation.

Other Information

The amounts of revenue, earnings before taxes and identifiable assets attributable to the aforementioned business segments 
and additional information regarding SPLP's investments are included in Note 20 - "Segment Information" and Note 9 - "Investments" 
to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

Our common units are quoted on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "SPLP". Our business address is 590 
Madison  Avenue,  32nd  Floor,  New  York,  New  York  10022,  and  our  telephone  number  is  (212)  520-2300.  Our  website  is 
www.steelpartners.com. The information contained in, or that can be accessed through, the website is not part of this Form 10-K.
This Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and all amendments to those reports, are available 
to you free of charge through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after those materials have been electronically filed with, 
or furnished to, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC").

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Our business is subject to a number of risks. You should carefully consider the following risk factors, together with all of 
the other information included or incorporated by reference in this report, before you decide whether to purchase our common or 
preferred units. These factors are not intended to represent a complete list of the general or specific risks that may affect us. It should 
be recognized that other risks may be significant, presently or in the future, and the risks set forth below may affect us to a greater 
extent  than  indicated.  If  any  of  the  following  risks  occur,  our  business,  financial  condition  and  results  of  operations  could  be 
materially adversely affected. In such case, the trading price of our common and preferred units could decline, and you may lose 
all or part of your investment.

Risks Related to Our Business

Certain of the Company's subsidiaries sponsor defined benefit pension plans which could subject the Company to 

substantial cash funding requirements in the future.

The Company's ongoing operating cash flow requirements include arranging for the funding of the minimum requirements 
of its subsidiaries' defined benefit pension plans. As a result of the Company during 2017 acquiring the remaining shares of Handy 
& Harman Ltd. ("HNH") that it did not already own, the Company is now jointly and severally liable with Handy & Harman for 
that subsidiary's underfunded pension liabilities. The performance of the financial markets and interest rates, as well as health care 
trends and associated mortality rates, impact our defined benefit pension plan expense and funding obligations. Significant changes 
in these factors, including adverse changes in discount rates, investment losses on plan assets and increases in participant life 
expectancy, may increase our funding obligations and adversely impact our financial condition. Required future contributions are 
estimated based upon assumptions such as discount rates on future obligations, assumed rates of return on plan assets and legislative 
changes. Actual future pension costs and required funding obligations will be affected by changes in the factors and assumptions 
described in the previous sentence, as well as other changes such as any plan termination or other acceleration events. See the 
"Liquidity and Capital Resources" section of this Form 10-K for additional information.

7

 
 
We could incur significant costs, including remediation costs, as a result of complying with environmental laws or 

failing to comply with other extensive regulations, including banking regulations, that our businesses are subject to.

Our businesses are subject to extensive regulation by U.S. and non-U.S. governmental and self-regulatory entities at the 
federal, state and local levels, including laws related to anti-corruption, environmental matters, banking, health and safety, import 
laws and export control and economic sanctions, and the sale of products and services to government entities. Some of these laws 
and regulations pertain to the handling, storage and transportation of raw materials, products and wastes, and hazardous materials 
and wastes. Compliance with such requirements may make it necessary for us to retrofit existing facilities with additional pollution-
control equipment, undertake new measures in connection with the storage, transportation, treatment and disposal of by-products 
and wastes or take other steps, which may be at a substantial cost to our subsidiaries. Although our subsidiaries maintain insurance 
coverage for certain environmental matters, they could incur substantial costs, including cleanup costs, fines or sanctions, and third-
party claims for property damage or personal injury, as a result of violations of, or liabilities under, environmental laws. Any material 
violations of these laws can lead to substantial liability, revocations of discharge permits, fines or penalties, and any new laws, 
regulations and enforcement policies could become more stringent and significantly increase our compliance costs or limit our 
future business opportunities, negatively impacting our financial condition, business and results of operations.

In addition, the consumer and business lending programs offered by WebBank are subject to extensive legal requirements 
at the federal and state levels, described in more detail below. If WebBank or its programs do not comply with these laws, it may 
be  subject  to  claims  for  damages,  fines  or  penalties,  and  may  face  regulatory  examination  and  enforcement  action,  and  some 
violations could result in an underlying loan being found invalid or unenforceable, or subject to payment defenses.

Many of the customers in our Energy segment utilize hydraulic fracturing services, which is the process of creating or 
expanding cracks, or fractures, in formations underground where water, sand and other additives are pumped under high pressure 
into the formation. Although our Energy segment is not a provider of hydraulic fracturing services, many of its services complement 
the hydraulic fracturing process. Fracturing regulations vary widely because they are regulated at the state level. States continue to 
evaluate fracturing activities and their impact on the environment. Legislation for broader federal regulation of hydraulic fracturing 
operations and the reporting and public disclosure of chemicals used in the fracturing process could be enacted. Additionally, the 
United States Environmental Protection Agency has asserted federal regulatory authority over certain hydraulic fracturing activities 
involving diesel fuel under the Safe Drinking Water Act. Our Energy segment's customers' operations could be adversely affected 
if additional regulation or permitting requirements were to be required for hydraulic fracturing activities, which could have an 
adverse effect on our results of operations.

These  are  not  the  only  regulations  that  our  businesses  must  comply  with.  Failure  to  comply  with  these  or  any  other 
regulations could result in civil and criminal, monetary and non-monetary penalties, damage to our reputation, disruptions to our 
business, limitations on our ability to manufacture, import, export and sell products and services, disbarment from selling to certain 
federal agencies, damage to our reputation and loss of customers and could cause us to incur significant legal and investigatory 
fees. Compliance with these and other regulations may also require us to incur significant expenses. The products and operations 
of  our  businesses  are  also  often  subject  to  the  rules  of  industrial  standards  bodies  such  as  the  International  Organization  for 
Standardization (ISO), and failure to comply with these rules could result in withdrawal of certifications needed to sell our products 
and services and otherwise adversely impact our financial condition.

WebBank operates in a highly regulated environment and its lending programs are subject to extensive federal and 

state regulation. Ongoing legislative and regulatory actions may significantly affect our liquidity or financial condition.

The consumer and business lending programs offered by WebBank are subject to extensive legal requirements at the federal 

and state levels. Among the laws that may be applicable to some or all of the programs offered by WebBank are:

• 

• 

• 

• 

• 

the Federal Truth-in-Lending Act and Regulation Z promulgated thereunder, which require certain disclosures to borrowers 
regarding the terms of their loans;
the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act ("Dodd-Frank Act"), the Federal Trade Commission Act and 
state laws that prohibit unfair, deceptive, or abusive acts or practices;
the Federal Equal Credit Opportunity Act and Regulation B promulgated thereunder, which prohibit discrimination in the 
extension of credit on the basis of age, race, color, sex, religion, marital status, national origin, receipt of public assistance or 
the exercise of any right under the Consumer Credit Protection Act;
the Fair Credit Reporting Act, which governs the use of credit reports and the reporting of information to credit bureaus, and 
imposes restrictions on the marketing of credit products through prescreened solicitations based on credit report information;
the Servicemembers Civil Relief Act and the Military Lending Act, which impose rate limitations and other requirements in 
connection with the credit obligations of active duty military personnel and certain of their dependents; 

8

• 

• 

• 

federal and state laws relating to privacy and the safeguarding of personally identifiable consumer information and data breach 
notification;
the Bank Secrecy Act, which relates to compliance with anti-money laundering, customer due diligence and record-keeping 
policies and procedures; and
laws governing the permissibility of the interest rates and fees that are charged to borrowers.

The  Dodd-Frank Act,  which  was  signed  into  law  in  2010,  is  intended  primarily  to  overhaul  the  financial  regulatory 
framework and impacts all financial institutions, including WebBank. The Dodd-Frank Act, among other things, established the 
Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection and Financial Stability Oversight Council, consolidated certain federal bank regulators 
and imposed increased corporate governance and executive compensation requirements. The amount and complexity of this and 
other regulations has increased WebBank's regulatory compliance burden and therefore has increased its regulatory risk.

If WebBank or its programs do not comply with these laws, it may be subject to claims for damages, fines or penalties, 
and may face regulatory scrutiny. In addition, some violations could result in an underlying loan being found invalid or unenforceable, 
or subject to payment defenses. Any of these violations could result in the imposition of liability on WebBank, although WebBank 
may have indemnification rights for certain claims. In addition, there could be limitations on WebBank's ongoing or future business.

WebBank offers lending programs through relationships with Marketing Partners. WebBank and its Marketing Partners 
are subject to supervision by the FDIC and the UDFI. The authority of the FDIC and the UDFI includes the ability to examine 
WebBank, the Marketing Partners and the programs. The FDIC and UDFI also may bring enforcement actions against WebBank 
and its Marketing Partners if they detect any violations of law. These enforcement actions could result in monetary liability on 
WebBank, increased compliance obligations or limitations on its ongoing and future business.

The U.S. Congress and state legislatures and federal and state regulatory authorities continually review banking laws, 
regulations and policies for possible changes. We cannot predict whether additional legislation or regulations will be enacted and, 
if enacted, the effect that it would have on our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Future cash flows from operations or through financings may not be sufficient to enable the Company to meet its 
obligations, and this would likely have a material adverse effect on its businesses, financial condition and results of operations, 
and credit market volatility may affect our ability to refinance our existing debt, borrow funds under our existing lines of credit 
or incur additional debt.

There can be no assurances that the Company or its subsidiaries will continue to have access to their lines of credit if their 
financial performance does not satisfy the financial covenants set forth in the applicable financing agreements. If the Company or 
its subsidiaries do not meet certain of its financial covenants, and if they are unable to secure necessary waivers or other amendments 
from the respective lenders on terms acceptable to management, their ability to access available lines of credit could be limited, 
their debt obligations could be accelerated by the respective lenders and liquidity could be adversely affected.

If the Company's or its subsidiaries' cash needs are significantly greater than anticipated or they do not materially meet 
their business plans, or there are unanticipated downturns in the markets for the Company's and its subsidiaries' products and services, 
the Company or its subsidiaries may be required to seek additional or alternative financing sources. Future disruption and volatility 
in credit market conditions could have a material adverse impact on the Company's ability or that of its subsidiaries to refinance 
debt when it comes due on terms similar to our current credit facilities, or to draw upon existing lines of credit or incur additional 
debt if needed. There can be no assurance therefore that such financing will be available or available on acceptable terms. The 
inability to generate sufficient cash flows from operations or through financings could impair the Company's or its subsidiaries' 
liquidity and would likely have a material adverse effect on their businesses, financial condition and results of operations.

Our businesses rely, and may rely, on their intellectual property and licenses to use others' intellectual property, for 
competitive advantage. If our businesses are unable to protect their intellectual property, are unable to obtain or retain licenses 
to use others' intellectual property, or if they infringe upon or are alleged to have infringed upon others' intellectual property, 
it could have a material adverse effect on their financial condition, business and results of operations.

The success of each of our businesses depends in part on the trademarks and patents that they own, or their licenses to use 
others', brand names, proprietary technology and manufacturing techniques. In addition to trademark and patent protection, these 
businesses rely on copyrights, trade secrets, confidentiality procedures and contractual provisions to protect their intellectual property 
rights. The steps they have taken to protect their intellectual property rights may not prevent third parties from using their intellectual 
property without their authorization or independently developing intellectual property that is similar. In addition, the laws of foreign 
countries  may  not  protect  our  businesses'  intellectual  property  rights  effectively.  Stopping  unauthorized  use  of  proprietary 

9

information and intellectual property, and defending claims of unauthorized use of others' proprietary information or intellectual 
property, may be difficult, time-consuming and costly and could subject our businesses to significant liability for damages and 
invalidate their property rights. Such unauthorized use could reduce or eliminate any competitive advantage our businesses have 
developed, cause them to lose sales or otherwise harm their business.

We conduct operations or own interests in companies with operations outside of the U.S., which may expose us to 

additional risks not typically associated with companies that operate solely in the U.S.

We have operations or own interests in securities of companies with operations located outside the U.S. These holdings 
have additional risks, including risks relating to currency exchange, less developed or efficient financial markets than in the U.S., 
absence of uniform accounting, auditing and financial reporting standards, differences in the legal and regulatory environment, 
different publicly available information in respect of companies in non-U.S. markets, economic and political risks, and possible 
imposition of non-U.S. taxes. There can be no assurance that adverse developments with respect to such risks will not adversely 
affect our assets that are held in certain countries or the returns from these assets.

A significant disruption in, or breach in security of, our information technology systems could adversely affect our 

business.

We rely on information technology systems, some of which are managed by third parties, to process, transmit and store 
electronic information, and to manage or support a variety of critical business processes and activities. We also collect and store 
sensitive  data,  including  confidential  business  information  and  personal  data.  These  systems  may  be  susceptible  to  damage, 
disruptions or shutdowns due to attacks by computer hackers, computer viruses, employee error or malfeasance, power outages, 
hardware  failures,  telecommunication  or  utility  failures,  catastrophes  or  other  unforeseen  events.  Upgrading  our  information 
technology systems is costly and subject to delay, and there is no assurance new systems will provide the benefits expected. In 
addition, security breaches of our systems could result in the misappropriation or unauthorized disclosure of confidential information 
or personal data belonging to us or to our employees, partners, customers or suppliers. Any such events could disrupt our operations, 
delay production and shipments, result in defective products or services, damage customer relationships and our reputation and 
result in legal claims or proceedings, liability or penalties under privacy laws, each of which could adversely affect our business 
and our financial condition. State and federal laws may also require us to provide notice to affected individuals if their personal 
data is the subject of a breach in security, which would impose costs and could lead to additional liability and negative publicity.

WebBank's status as lender of the loans it offers, and the ability of assignees to collect interest, may be challenged, and 

these challenges could negatively impact WebBank's ongoing and future business.

WebBank's business includes lending programs with Marketing Partners, where the Marketing Partners provide origination 
servicing for the loans and subsequently purchase the loans (or interests in the loans) that are originated by WebBank. There have 
been litigation and regulatory actions which have challenged lending arrangements where a bank has made a loan and then sold 
and assigned it to an entity that is engaged in assisting with the origination and servicing of the loan. Some of these cases have 
alleged that the marketing and servicing entity should be viewed as the "true creditor" of the loans originated through the lending 
program, and the bank should be disregarded. If this type of challenge is successful, state law interest rate limitations and other 
requirements that apply to non-bank lenders would then be applicable, instead of the federal interest rate laws that govern bank 
lenders. Other cases have relied on the claim that even if a bank originated a loan based on the federal interest rate laws, an assignee 
of a bank is not permitted to rely on the federal law and is instead subject to state law limitations. Certain of these challenges have 
been  brought  or  threatened  in  programs  involving WebBank.  Such  cases  or  regulatory  actions,  if  successfully  brought  against 
WebBank or its Marketing Partners or others could negatively impact WebBank's ongoing and future business. WebBank continues 
to structure its programs, and to exercise control over these programs, to address these risks, although there can be no assurance 
that additional cases or regulatory actions will not be brought in the future.

The Volcker Rule, which is part of the Dodd-Frank Act, restricts SPLP's flexibility to do business.

The Dodd-Frank Act added a new Section 13 to the Bank Holding Company Act, the so-called "Volcker Rule," which 
generally  restricts  certain  banking  entities  (including  affiliates  of  depository  institutions)  from  engaging  in  proprietary  trading 
activities and acquiring or retaining ownership interests in, or sponsoring, any private equity or hedge fund (collectively, "covered 
funds"). Under the implementing regulations, WebBank (and its affiliates) are restricted from engaging in proprietary trading, or 
investing in or sponsoring covered funds, unless their activities qualify for a specific exemption under the rule or satisfy certain 
requirements under the rule. Because SPLP controls WebBank, each of SPLP and all its subsidiaries, as well as its controlled entities, 
are banking entities under the Volcker Rule and therefore subject to these regulations, and therefore are restricted from doing business 
to the extent necessary to comply with them.

10

WebBank is subject to capital requirements, and SPLP could be called upon by the FDIC to infuse additional capital 

into WebBank to the extent that WebBank fails to satisfy its capital requirements.

In July 2013, the Federal Reserve Board, the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency and the FDIC issued rules that 
implemented the Basel III changes to the international regulatory capital framework and revised the U.S. risk-based and leverage 
capital requirements for U.S. banking organizations in order to strengthen identified areas of weakness in capital rules and to address 
relevant provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act.

Effective  January  1,  2015  for  WebBank,  FDIC  regulations  implementing  the  Basel  III Accord  modified  WebBank's 
minimum capital requirements by defining what constitutes capital for regulatory capital purposes and adding a 4.5% Common 
Equity Tier 1 ratio and increased the Tier 1 capital ratio requirement from 4% to 6%. FDIC regulations also require WebBank to 
comply with a total capital ratio of 8% and a leverage ratio of 4%. Additionally, a Capital Conservation Buffer (composed solely 
of common equity Tier 1 capital) equal to 2.5% above the new regulatory minimum capital requirements began to be phased in 
starting January 1, 2016 and will be fully implemented on January 1, 2019. The Capital Conservation Buffer is on top of the minimum 
risk-weighted capital ratios and will have the effect of increasing those ratios by 2.5% each when fully phased in. A failure of 
WebBank to maintain the aggregate minimum capital required by the Capital Conservation Buffer will impair its ability to make 
certain distributions (including dividends and stock repurchases) and discretionary bonus payments to executive officers. A failure 
of WebBank to maintain capital as required by the FDIC's minimum capital requirements would subject WebBank to the FDIC's 
prompt corrective action regime, which may further impair WebBank's ability to make payments or distributions and may require 
a capital restoration plan or other corrective regulatory measures.

Federal banking agencies jointly issued a proposed rule on September 27, 2017 that would simplify the treatment of certain 
assets and deductions for institutions such as WebBank that are not subject to the so-called "advanced approaches" capital rule. The 
proposed rule would adjust the deduction thresholds for certain mortgage servicing assets, deferred tax assets, investments in the 
capital  of  unconsolidated  financial  institutions,  and  minority  interests. While  the  banking  agencies  consider  comments  on  the 
proposed rule, the banking agencies adopted a rule on November 21, 2017, that provides interim relief to non-advanced approaches 
banking organizations by extending the regulatory capital transition periods effective in 2017 for certain items, including regulatory 
capital deductions, risk weights and certain minority interest limitations.

The Company currently cannot predict the specific impact and long-term effects that Basel III and its implementation in 
the U.S. will have on WebBank and the banking industry more generally. Furthermore, the Dodd-Frank Act codified a longstanding 
policy that all companies that directly or indirectly control an FDIC-insured bank are required to serve as a source of financial 
strength for such institution. As a result, SPLP could be called upon by the FDIC to infuse additional capital into WebBank to the 
extent that WebBank fails to satisfy its capital requirements, including at times that SPLP might not otherwise be inclined to provide 
it  and  even  if  doing  so  may  adversely  affect  SPLP's  ability  to  meet  its  other  obligations,  which  include  limitations  on  capital 
contributions to WebBank specified in the Company's senior secured revolving credit facility.

WebBank's lending programs depend on relationships with Marketing Partners.

WebBank offers its lending programs with Marketing Partners. If those Marketing Partners do not provide origination 
services or other services to WebBank, or provide those services in a faulty manner, that may negatively impact WebBank's ongoing 
and future business. In addition, if the Marketing Partners or other third parties do not purchase the loans (or interests in loans) that 
are originated by WebBank, then WebBank may need to retain those loans (or interests in loans) and that may negatively impact 
its ongoing and future business. Marketing Partners may rely on outside sources of capital to meet their obligations. Market conditions 
and other factors may affect the availability of capital for Marketing Partners. The availability of capital may also affect the volume 
of loans that can be originated through WebBank's lending programs. In recent periods, the availability of capital has been more 
limited for several of WebBank's Marketing Partners, resulting in a decrease in loan volume and a negative impact on WebBank's 
business.

Economic downturns could disrupt and materially harm our businesses.

Negative trends in the general economy could cause a downturn in the markets for our products and services. A significant 
portion of our revenues in the Diversified Industrial segment are received from customers in transportation, oil & gas exploration, 
and construction-related industries, which have experienced significant financial downturns in the past. These industries are cyclical 
and demand for their products tends to fluctuate due to changes in national and global economic conditions, availability of credit 
and other factors. A worsening of customer demand in these industries would adversely affect our revenues, profitability, operating 
results and cash flows. In our Energy segment, the level of oil & natural gas exploration and production activity in the U.S. has 

11

declined in recent periods in light of the decline in the price of oil. Reduced discovery rates of new oil & natural gas reserves, or a 
decrease in the development rate of reserves in our market areas, weakness in oil & natural gas prices, or our customers' perceptions 
that oil & natural gas prices will decrease in the future, could result in a reduction in the utilization of our equipment and result in 
lower revenues or rates for the services of our Energy segment. Our customers' willingness to undertake these activities depends 
largely upon prevailing industry conditions that are influenced by many factors over which we have no control. Our Financial 
Services segment could be impacted by tightening of the credit markets and other general economic declines that could result in a 
decrease in lending and demand for consumer loans. We may also experience a slowdown if some customers experience difficulty 
in obtaining adequate financing due to tightness in the credit markets. Furthermore, the financial stability of our customers or 
suppliers may be compromised, which could result in additional bad debts for us or non-performance by suppliers. Our assets may 
also be impaired or subject to write-down or write-off as a result of these conditions. These adverse effects would likely be exacerbated 
if global economic conditions worsen, resulting in wide-ranging, adverse and prolonged effects on general business conditions, and 
materially and adversely affect our operations, financial results and liquidity. 

Our business strategy includes acquisitions, and acquisitions entail numerous risks, including the risk of management 

diversion and increased costs and expenses, all of which could negatively affect the Company's profitability.

Our business strategy includes, among other things, strategic acquisitions, as well as potential opportunistic acquisitions. 
This element of our strategy entails several risks, including the diversion of management's attention from other business concerns 
and the need to finance such acquisitions with additional equity and/or debt.

In addition, once completed, acquisitions entail further risks, including: unanticipated costs and liabilities of the acquired 
businesses,  including  environmental  liabilities,  that  could  materially  adversely  affect  our  results  of  operations;  difficulties  in 
assimilating acquired businesses, preventing the expected benefits from the transaction from being realized or achieved within the 
anticipating time frame; negative effects on existing business relationships with suppliers and customers; and losing key employees 
of the acquired businesses. If our acquisition strategy is not successful or if acquisitions are not well integrated into our existing 
operations, the Company's profitability could be negatively affected.

Our subsidiaries do not have long-term contracts with all of their customers, the loss of which customers could materially 

adversely affect our financial condition, business and results of operations.

Our businesses are based primarily upon individual orders, sales and service agreements with customers and not long-
term contracts. As such, these customers could cease buying products or using our services at any time and for any reason, and we 
will have no recourse in the event a customer no longer wants to purchase products from us or use our services. If a significant 
number of our customers elect not to purchase products or use our services, or we have to make price concessions in order to retain 
certain customers, it could materially adversely affect our financial condition, business and results of operations.

We may sustain losses in our investment portfolio, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations, 

financial condition and liquidity.

A portion of our assets consists of investments in available-for-sale securities, which are adjusted to fair value each period, 
as well as other investments. An adverse change in economic conditions may result in a decline in the value of these investments. 
Such declines in value of available-for-sale securities will be recognized as losses upon the sale of such securities or if such declines 
are deemed to be other than temporary. Any adverse changes in the financial markets and resulting declines in value of our investments 
may result in additional impairment charges and could have an adverse effect on our results of operations, financial condition and 
liquidity.

Litigation or compliance failures could adversely affect our profitability.

The nature of our businesses expose us to various litigation matters. We contest these matters vigorously and make insurance 
claims where appropriate. However, litigation is inherently costly and unpredictable, making it difficult to accurately estimate the 
outcome of any litigation. These lawsuits may include claims for compensatory damages, punitive and consequential damages and/
or injunctive relief. The defense of these lawsuits may divert our management's attention, we may incur significant expenses in 
defending these lawsuits, and we may be required to pay damage awards or settlements or become subject to equitable remedies 
that could adversely affect our operations and financial condition. Moreover, any insurance or indemnification rights that we may 
have may be insufficient or unavailable to protect us against such losses. In addition, developments in legal proceedings in any 
given period may require us to adjust the loss contingency estimates that we have recorded in our consolidated financial statements, 
record estimates or reserves for liabilities or assets previously not susceptible of reasonable estimates or pay cash settlements or 
judgments. Any of these developments could adversely affect our financial condition in any particular period. Although we make 

12

accruals as we believe warranted, the amounts that we accrue could vary significantly from any amounts we actually pay due to 
the inherent uncertainties in the estimation process.

Our internal controls over financial reporting may not be effective, and our independent auditors may not be able to 

certify as to their effectiveness, which could have a significant and adverse effect on our business and reputation.

We are subject to the requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations of the 
SEC thereunder ("Section 404"). Section 404 requires us to report on the design and effectiveness of our internal controls over 
financial reporting. Section 404 also requires an independent registered public accounting firm to test our internal controls over 
financial  reporting  and  report  on  the  effectiveness  of  such  controls. There  can  be  no  assurance  that  our  auditors  will  issue  an 
unqualified report attesting to our internal controls over financial reporting. As a result, there could be a negative reaction in the 
financial markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of our consolidated financial statements or our consolidated financial 
statements could change. 

Any failure to maintain or implement new or improved controls, or any difficulties we encounter in their implementation, 
could result in significant deficiencies or material weaknesses, and cause us to fail to meet our periodic reporting obligations, or 
result in material misstatements in our consolidated financial statements. We may also be required to incur costs to improve our 
internal control system and hire additional personnel. This could negatively impact our results of operations.

Risks Related to Our Structure

The unitholders have limited recourse to maintain actions against the General Partner, the Board of Directors, our 

officers and the Manager.

The  Limited  Partnership  Agreement  of  SPLP,  or  the  "Partnership  Agreement,"  contains  broad  indemnification  and 
exculpation provisions that limit the right of a unitholder to maintain an action against the General Partner, the Board of Directors, 
our officers and the Manager, or to recover losses or costs incurred due to action or inaction by these parties which have a negative 
effect on the Company. 

Our Partnership Agreement contains certain provisions that may limit the voting rights of some unitholders.

Our Partnership Agreement contains specific provisions that are intended to comply with regulatory limitations on the 
ownership of our securities as a result of our ownership of WebBank. Under the Partnership Agreement, a person or group that 
acquires beneficial ownership of 10% or more of the common units without the prior approval of the Board of Directors may lose 
voting rights with respect to all of its common units in excess of 9.9%.

We may have conflicts of interest with the minority shareholders of our businesses and decisions may need to be made 
by disinterested directors, without the participation of directors or officers associated with the Manager and the Company. These 
decisions may be different from the decisions we would make, and may or may not be in the best interests of our unitholders.

Because we own less than 100% of certain affiliates, and we may engage in transactions with these affiliates from time to 
time, the boards of directors and officers of those businesses, including directors and officers associated with our Manager and the 
Company, have fiduciary duties to their respective shareholders. As a result, they may make decisions that are in the best interests 
of their shareholders generally but which are not necessarily in the best interest of our unitholders. In dealings with us, the directors 
and officers of our businesses may have conflicts of interest and decisions may have to be made without their participation. Such 
decisions may be different from the decisions we would make and may not be in the best interests of our common and preferred 
unitholders, which may have an adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

There are certain interlocking relationships among us and certain affiliates of Warren G. Lichtenstein, our Executive 

Chairman, which may present potential conflicts of interest.

Warren G. Lichtenstein, our Executive Chairman and a substantial unitholder, is the Chief Executive Officer of our Manager. 
As of December 31, 2017, Mr. Lichtenstein directly owned approximately 6.1% of our outstanding common units. In addition, 
affiliates  of  our  Manager  beneficially  own  approximately  51.4%  of  our  outstanding  common  units,  although  Mr.  Lichtenstein 
disclaims beneficial ownership of any common units not directly held by him. We have entered into transactions and/or agreements 
with these entities. There can be no assurance that such entities will not have interests in conflict with our own.

13

Certain members of our management team may be involved in other business activities that may involve conflicts of 

interest, possibly diverting their attention from the Company's operations.

Certain individual members of our management team, including Warren G. Lichtenstein, our Executive Chairman, and 
Jack L. Howard, our President, may from time to time be involved in the management of other businesses, including those owned 
or controlled by our Manager and its affiliates. Accordingly, these individuals may focus a portion of their time and attention on 
managing these other businesses. Conflicts may arise in the future between our interests and the interests of the other entities and 
business activities in which such individuals are involved.

Risks Related to Our Manager

We depend on Warren G. Lichtenstein, the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Manager, and Jack L. Howard, 
the President of the Manager, in running our businesses. The loss of their services could have a material adverse effect on our 
business, results and financial condition.

Our success depends on the efforts, skills, reputation and business contacts of Warren G. Lichtenstein, the Chairman and 
Chief Executive Officer of the Manager and Jack L. Howard, the President of the Manager. While the key members of the Manager 
have worked for the Manager and its affiliates for many years, our Manager does not have any employment agreements with any 
of the key members of its management team, and their continued service is not guaranteed. The loss of the services of Mr. Lichtenstein 
or Mr. Howard could have a material adverse effect on our asset value, revenues, net income and cash flows and could harm our 
ability to maintain or grow our existing operations or pursue additional opportunities in the future.

We cannot determine the amount of the Management Fee that will be paid or Class C partnership units that will be 

issued over time with any certainty.

The Manager receives a fee ("Management Fee") at an annual rate of 1.5% of total partners' capital. Our total partners' 
capital will be impacted by the performance of our businesses and other businesses we may acquire in the future, as well as the 
issuance of additional common or preferred units. Changes in our total partners' capital and in the resulting Management Fee could 
be significant, resulting in a material adverse effect on our results of operations. In addition, if our performance declines, assuming 
our total partners' capital remains the same, the Management Fee will increase as a percentage of our net income. In addition, SPH 
SPV-I LLC ("SPH SPV"), an affiliate of the Manager, holds partnership profits interests in the form of incentive units which entitle 
the holder generally to share in 15% of the increase in the equity value of the Company, as calculated for the twenty trading days 
prior to each year end. The incentive units' share of such appreciation is reflected by classifying a portion of the incentive units as 
Class C units of the Company. For 2017, 461,442 Class C units were issued to SPH SPV. The issuance of such Class C units will 
result in dilution to existing limited partners' holdings in the Company.

Our Manager's liability is limited under the Management Agreement, and we have agreed to indemnify our Manager 
against certain liabilities. Such indemnification may incentivize our Manager to take unnecessary risks with respect to actions 
for which it will be indemnified.

Under  the  Management  Agreement,  our  Manager,  its  members,  officers,  employees,  affiliates,  agents  and  legal 
representatives are not liable for, and we have agreed to indemnify such persons from, any loss or expense, including without 
limitations, any judgment, settlement, reasonable attorneys' fees and other costs and expenses incurred in connection with the defense 
of any actual or threatened proceeding, other than losses resulting from willful misconduct or gross negligence in the performance 
of such indemnified person's obligations and duties. Such indemnification may incentivize our Manager to take unnecessary risks 
with respect to actions for which it will be indemnified.

Risks Related to our Common and Preferred Units

We  may  issue  additional  common  or  preferred  units,  or  other  series  of  units,  in  the  future  without  the  consent  of 
unitholders and at a discount to the market price of such units. In particular, sales of significant amounts of the common or 
preferred units may cause the respective prices of the units to decline.

Under the terms of the Partnership Agreement, additional common or preferred units, or additional series of units, may be 
issued without the consent of unitholders at a discount to the market price. In addition, other classes of securities may be issued 
with rights that are senior to or which otherwise have preferential rights to the rights of the common and preferred units. Sales of 
significant amounts of the common or preferred units in the public market or the perception that such sales of significant amounts 
may occur could adversely affect their respective market prices. Moreover, the perceived risk of any potential dilution could cause 

14

common or preferred unitholders to attempt to sell their units and investors to "short" the common or preferred units, a practice in 
which an investor sells units that he or she does not own at prevailing market prices, hoping to purchase units later at a lower price 
to cover the sale. Any event that would cause the number of common or preferred units being offered for sale to increase would 
likely cause the respective units' market price to further decline. These sales might also make it more difficult for us to sell additional 
common or preferred units in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate.

Transfer restrictions contained in the Company's Partnership Agreement and other factors could hinder the development 

of an active market for our common or preferred units.

There can be no assurance as to the volume of our common or preferred units or the degree of price volatility for our 
common and preferred units traded on the New York Stock Exchange. There are transfer restrictions contained in the Company's 
Partnership Agreement to help protect net operating tax loss carryforwards of certain of the Company's corporate subsidiaries and 
other portfolio companies. The transfer restrictions will expire on February 7, 2020, and they could hinder development of an active 
market for our common and preferred units.

Risks Related to Taxation 

All statutory references in this section are to the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the "Code."

Our common unitholders may be subject to U.S. federal, state and other income tax on their share of our taxable income, 

regardless of whether they receive any cash distributions from us.

The Company operates, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, as a partnership and not a publicly traded partnership taxable 
as a corporation. Our common unitholders will be subject to U.S. federal, state, local and possibly, in some cases, foreign income 
tax on their allocable share of our taxable income, whether or not they receive cash distributions from us. Any future determination 
to declare dividends on the Company's common units will remain at the discretion of the Board of Directors. Accordingly, our 
common unitholders may be required to make tax payments in connection with their ownership of common units that significantly 
exceed their cash distributions in any given year.

Newly enacted U.S. government tax reform could have a negative impact on the results of future operations.

On December 22, 2017, the U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("Tax Cuts and Jobs Act") was enacted which contained substantial 
changes to the Code, some of which could have an adverse effect on our business. Among other things, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act 
(i) reduces the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21% beginning in 2018, (ii) generally will limit annual deductions for 
interest expense to no more than 30% of our "adjusted taxable income," plus 100% of our business interest income for the year (iii) 
will permit a taxpayer to offset only 80% (rather than 100%) of its taxable income with any U.S. net operating losses ("NOLs") 
generated after 2017, and (iv) imposes a transition tax on deemed repatriated earnings of our foreign subsidiaries. With the enactment 
of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, our financial results for 2017 included an income tax provision of approximately $58,717 resulting 
from the transition tax and the revaluation of our U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities to reflect the recently enacted 21% federal 
corporate  tax  rate  effective  January  1,  2018.  The  U.S.  Department  of  Treasury  has  broad  authority  to  issue  regulations  and 
interpretative guidance that may significantly impact how we will apply the law and impact our results of operations in the period 
issued. As additional regulatory guidance is issued by the applicable taxing authorities, as accounting treatment is clarified, as we 
perform additional analysis on the application of the law, and as we refine estimates in calculating the effect, our final analysis, 
which will be recorded in the period completed, may be different from our current provisional amounts, which could materially 
affect our tax obligations and effective tax rate.

Our tax treatment is not assured. If we are taxed as a corporation, it could adversely impact our results of operations.

A partnership is not a taxable entity, and distributions by a partnership to a partner are generally not taxable to the partnership 
or the partner unless the amount of cash distributed to such partner exceeds the partner's adjusted basis in its partnership interest. 
Section 7704 provides that generally publicly traded partnerships are taxed as corporations. However, an exception, referred to as 
the "Qualifying Income Exception," exists with respect to publicly traded partnerships of which 90 percent or more of the gross 
income for every taxable year consists of "qualifying income" as defined in the Code. We expect that we will meet the Qualifying 
Income Exception.

If the Qualifying Income Exception is not available to us, then we will be treated as a corporation instead of a partnership. 
In that event, the deemed incorporation of SPLP should be tax-free. If we were taxed as a corporation, (i) our net income would be 
taxed at corporate income tax rates, thereby substantially reducing our profitability, (ii) our common unitholders would not be 

15

allowed to deduct their share of losses of SPLP and (iii) distributions to our common unitholders, other than liquidating distributions, 
would constitute dividends to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, and would be taxable as such.

Our structure involves complex provisions of U.S. federal income tax law for which no clear precedent or authority 

may be available.

The U.S. federal income tax treatment of our common unitholders depends in some instances on interpretations of complex 
provisions of U.S. federal income tax law for which no clear precedent or authority may be available. Our Partnership Agreement 
permits our General Partner to modify it from time to time, including the allocation of items of income, gain, loss and deduction 
(including unrealized gain and unrealized loss to the extent allowable under U.S. federal income tax law), without the consent of 
our unitholders, to address certain changes in U.S. federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation or to preserve the 
uniformity of our common units. In some circumstances, such revisions could have a material adverse impact on some or all common 
unitholders. In addition, we formed a subsidiary partnership, to which we contributed certain of our assets ("Subsidiary Partnership"). 
To preserve the uniformity of common units, we (but not the Subsidiary Partnership) made an election permitted under Section 
754, and we will adopt the remedial allocation method under Section 704(c) with respect to items of income, gain, loss and deduction 
attributable to assets contributed to us (which we will contribute to the Subsidiary Partnership), to account for any difference between 
the tax basis and fair market value of such assets at the time of contribution, or attributable to the "book-up" or "book-down" of 
our assets prior to their contribution to the Subsidiary Partnership, or while they were held by the Subsidiary Partnership, to account 
for the difference between the tax basis and fair market value of such assets at the time of a mark-to-market event. We intend 
generally to make allocations under Section 704(c) to our common unitholders in accordance with their respective percentage 
interests. However, built-in gain or built-in loss in existence and allocable to the assets we contributed to the Subsidiary Partnership, 
when recognized, will be allocated to our common unitholders as of the contribution date. We intend to prepare our tax returns on 
the basis that buyers of common units from such unitholders will not inherit such unitholders' built-in gains or built-in losses as of 
that date as a result of the election under Section 754. However, it is not clear whether this position will be upheld if challenged by 
the Internal Revenue Service. While we believe it represents the right result, there is no law directly on point.

Tax-exempt entities face unique tax issues from owning common units that may result in adverse tax consequences to 

them.

A holder of common units that is a tax-exempt organization may be subject to U.S. federal income taxation to the extent 
that its allocable share of our income consists of unrelated business taxable income ("UBTI"). A tax-exempt partner of a partnership 
may be treated as earning UBTI if the partnership regularly engages in a trade or business that is unrelated to the exempt function 
of the tax-exempt partner, if the partnership derives income from debt-financed property (as we may borrow money) or if the tax-
exempt organization's partnership interest itself is debt-financed.

Our subsidiaries may not be able to fully utilize their tax benefits, which could result in increased cash payments for 

taxes in future periods.

NOLs may be carried forward to offset federal and state taxable income in future years and reduce the amount of cash paid 
for income taxes otherwise payable on such taxable income, subject to certain limits and adjustments. If fully utilized, our subsidiaries' 
NOLs and other carryforwards could provide them with significant tax savings in future periods. Their ability to utilize these tax 
benefits in future years will depend upon their ability to generate sufficient taxable income and to comply with the rules relating to 
the preservation and use of NOLs, as well as potential future changes in tax laws. The potential benefit of the NOLs and other 
carryforwards may be limited or permanently lost as a result of the following:

• 
• 

• 

the inability to generate sufficient taxable income in future years to use such benefits before they expire;
a change in control of our subsidiaries that would trigger limitations on the amount taxable income in future years that may be 
offset by NOLs and other carryforwards that existed prior to the change in control; and
examinations and audits by the Internal Revenue Service and other taxing authorities could reduce the amount of NOLs and 
other credit carryforwards that are available for future years.

Certain of our subsidiaries maintain valuation allowances against their NOLs and other carryforwards due to uncertainty 
regarding  their  ability  to  generate  sufficient  taxable  income  in  future  periods.  Their  inability  to  utilize  the  NOLs  and  other 
carryforwards could result in increased cash payments for taxes in future periods.

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

16

Item 2. Properties 

Diversified Industrial Segment

As of December 31, 2017, the Diversified Industrial segment had 30 active operating plants in the United States, Canada, 
China,  United  Kingdom,  France,  Singapore,  and  Mexico,  with  a  total  area  of  approximately  3,065,885  square  feet,  including 
warehouse, office, sales, service and laboratory space. The Diversified Industrial segment also owns or leases sales, service, office 
and warehouse facilities at 26 other locations in the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Germany, Singapore and China which 
have a total area of approximately 637,084 square feet, and owns or leases 6 non-operating locations with a total area of approximately 
736,708 square feet. Manufacturing facilities are located in: Camden, Delaware; Addison, Illinois; Evansville and Osgood, Indiana; 
Agawam and Billerica, Massachusetts; Rockford and Montevideo, Minnesota; Arden and Statesville, North Carolina; Anderson, 
South  Carolina;  Kenosha  and  Cudahy, Wisconsin; Warwick,  Rhode  Island;  Lawrence,  Kansas;  Rahway,  New  Jersey; Toronto, 
Canada; Matamoros, Mexicali and Tecate, Mexico; Welham Green, Gwent, Poynton, and Livingston, United Kingdom; Riberac, 
France; and Xianghe and Suzhou, China. The following plants are leased: both Tecate plants, Addison, Rahway, Kenosha, Arden, 
Rockford,  one  of  two  Matamoros  plants,  Mexicali,  Xianghe,  and  Suzhou  plants. The  other  plants  are  owned. The  Diversified 
Industrial segment considers its manufacturing plants and service facilities to be well maintained and efficiently equipped, and 
therefore suitable for the work being done. The productive capacity and extent of utilization of its facilities is dependent in some 
cases on general business conditions and in other cases on the seasonality of the utilization of its products. Capacity can be expanded 
at some locations. The Rahway, New Jersey plant was sold in January 2017, and is being leased back to API until its expected 
closure in the third quarter of 2018. 

Energy Segment

The  Energy  business  owns  3  buildings  in Williston,  North  Dakota,  including  one  that  serves  as  its  headquarters  and 
operations hub in the Bakken basin along with separate buildings with office and shop space, and 3 buildings in Farmington, New 
Mexico which serve as office and shop space. The Energy business also owns office and shop space in Texas that serves as its 
operations hub in the Permian basin. The Energy business leases shop space and office space in other locations under month-to-
month  arrangements  on  an  as-needed  basis,  and  owns  and  leases  housing  for  temporary  living  arrangements  for  certain  of  its 
employees. 

Steel Sports has a lease for approximately 27.9 acres of land in Yaphank, New York, for its baseball services operation 
that expires in December 2021. Under this lease, Steel Sports has one extension option and a right of first refusal to purchase the 
parcel. Steel Sports also has a lease for office space in Cedar Knolls, New Jersey, that expires in February 2019, which serves as 
the headquarters for its youth soccer operation, and also has leases in various states for small administrative offices to support the 
soccer operation.

Financial Services

As of December 31, 2017, WebBank leases 23,476 square feet of office space headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah. The 
term of the lease expires in March 2023. WebBank also leases office space in New Jersey through March 2020. WebBank believes 
that these facilities are adequate for its current needs and that suitable additional space will be available as required.

Corporate and Other 

As of December 31, 2017, Steel Services leases 15,660 square feet of office space headquartered in New York, New York. 
The term of the lease expires in December 2025. In July 2017, Steel Services leased 3,082 square feet of office space in Hermosa 
Beach, California through July 2022. 

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

The  information  set  forth  under  Note  18  -  "Commitments  and  Contingencies"  to  Consolidated  Financial  Statements, 
included in Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this Report, is incorporated herein by reference. For 
an additional discussion of certain risks associated with legal proceedings, see also Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors, of this Report.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

17

 
 
 
PART II

Item 5. Market for the Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

All monetary amounts in this section are in thousands, except for common unit and per common unit data.

Market Information

As of December 31, 2017, we had 26,348,420 common units issued and outstanding. Our common units, no par value, are 
quoted on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol "SPLP." The following table sets forth the information on the high and 
low sales prices of our common units during 2017 and 2016:

Fiscal year ending December 31, 2017

High

Low

First Quarter

Second Quarter

Third Quarter

Fourth Quarter

Fiscal year ending December 31, 2016

First Quarter

Second Quarter

Third Quarter

Fourth Quarter

Holders

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

19.95

19.39

18.95

20.10

16.49

15.86

15.42

16.20

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

15.20

18.00

17.95

18.05

12.86

14.00

14.25

13.70

Low

High

As of December 31, 2017, there were approximately 98 unitholders of record.

Unit Performance Graph

The following graph compares the cumulative total unitholder return on our common units with the cumulative total return 
of the Russell 2000 Index and a customized peer group of six companies that includes: Apollo Investment Corporation, Compass 
Diversified Holdings, Gladstone Capital Corporation, HC2 Holdings, Inc., Main Street Capital Corporation and Triangle Capital 
Corporation. Our peer group was revised as of December 31, 2017 to reflect peer issuers with similar market capitalizations, in 
addition to similar company profiles. The graph and table assume that $100 was invested on December 31, 2012 in each of our 
common units, the Russell 2000 Index and the peer group, and that all dividends were reinvested. We declared a one-time cash 
dividend of $0.15 per common unit on December 22, 2016.

18

Steel Partners Holdings L.P.

Russell 2000 Index

New Peer Group

Old Peer Group

12/31/2012

12/31/2013

12/31/2014

12/31/2015

12/31/2016

12/31/2017

$

$

$

$

100.00

100.00

100.00

100.00

$

$

$

$

147.16

138.82

118.69

159.89

$

$

$

$

149.79

145.62

111.96

158.91

$

$

$

$

138.93

139.19

107.49

145.10

$

$

$

$

132.73

168.85

135.90

162.02

$

$

$

$

167.41

193.58

141.13

198.09

The common unit price performance included in this graph is not necessarily indicative of future common unit price 
performance. The performance graph shall not be deemed to be incorporated by reference by means of any general statement 
incorporating by reference this Form 10-K into any filing under the Securities Act or the Exchange Act, except to the extent that 
we specifically incorporate such information by reference, and shall not otherwise be deemed filed under such acts.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities 

On December 7, 2016, the Board of Directors of the general partner of the Company approved the repurchase of up to 
2,000,000 of the Company's common units ("Repurchase Program"). The Repurchase Program supersedes and cancels, to the extent 
any amounts remain available, all previously approved repurchase programs. Any purchases made under the Repurchase Program 
will be made from time to time on the open market at prevailing market prices or in negotiated transactions off the market, in 
compliance with applicable laws and regulations. In connection with the Repurchase Program, the Company may enter into a stock 
purchase plan. The Repurchase Program has no termination date. During the fourth quarter ended December 31, 2017, the Company 
purchased 150,295 units, and there remains approximately 1,690,320 units that may yet be purchased under the Repurchase Program.

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The following table contains our selected historical consolidated financial data, which should be read in conjunction with 
our  consolidated  financial  statements  and  the  related  notes  thereto,  and  "Management's  Discussion  and Analysis  of  Financial 
Condition and Results of Operations" contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The selected financial data as of and for the 
years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and for the year ended December 31, 2015 has been derived from our audited consolidated 
financial statements at those dates and for those periods, contained elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The historical 
selected financial data as of December 31, 2015 and as of and for the years ended December 31, 2014 and 2013 has been derived 
from our audited consolidated financial statements adjusted for discontinued operations at those dates and for those periods, not 
contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. 

19

 
 
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF OPERATIONS DATA (a)
(in thousands, except common unit and per common unit data)

Revenue

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

Income from discontinued operations

Net income (loss)

Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities

Net (loss) income attributable to common unitholders
Net (loss) income per common unit - basic:

Net (loss) income from continuing operations

Net income from discontinued operations

Net (loss) income attributable to common unitholders

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

$ 1,372,027

$ 1,163,549

$

6,012

$

2,571

—

6,012

(6,028)

(16) $

— $

—

— $

$

$

$

—

2,571

4,059

6,630

0.25

—

0.25

2015

965,059

70,311

86,257

156,568

(19,833)

136,735

2.97

2.03

5.00

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

2014

2013

847,263

$

719,378

(17,572) $

38,374

10,304

(7,268)

6,446

44,820

(287)

(25,360)

(7,555) $

19,460

(0.48) $

0.21

(0.27) $

0.51

0.14

0.65

Basic weighted-average common units outstanding

26,053,098

26,353,714

27,317,974

28,710,220

29,912,993

Net (loss) income per common unit - diluted:

Net (loss) income from continuing operations

Net income from discontinued operations

Net (loss) income attributable to common unitholders

$

$

— $

—

— $

0.25

—

0.25

$

$

2.96

2.02

4.98

$

$

(0.48) $

0.21

(0.27) $

0.49

0.14

0.63

Diluted weighted-average common units outstanding

26,053,098

26,486,209

27,442,308

28,710,220

30,798,113

(a)  Statement of operations data includes the consolidation of the results of acquired entities, or their operating assets, from their respective 
acquisition dates: primarily, Wolverine Joining Technologies, LLC in April 2013, Black Hawk Energy Services, Inc. in December 2013, JPS 
Industries, Inc. ("JPS") on July 2, 2015, CoSine Communications, Inc. ("CoSine") and API on January 20, 2015 and April 17, 2015, respectively, 
SLI on June 1, 2016, EME on September 30, 2016, Hazen Paper Company ("Hazen") and Amsterdam Metallized Products B.V. ("AMP") on 
July 27, 2016 and December 1, 2016, respectively, and Basin Well Logging Wireline Services, Inc. ("Basin") in May 2017. 

BALANCE SHEET DATA

(in thousands, except per common unit data)

Cash and cash equivalents

Marketable securities

Long-term investments

Total assets
Long-term debt (a)
SPLP Partners' capital

SPLP Partners' capital per common unit

Dividends declared per common unit

December 31,

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

$

418,755

$

450,128

$

185,852

$

188,983

$

203,980

58,313

236,144

53,650

120,066

80,842

167,214

138,457

311,951

178,485

295,440

2,164,040

1,967,115

1,684,773

1,490,497

1,522,245

412,584

546,103

20.73

—

330,126

548,741

20.98

0.15

235,913

558,034

20.95

—

295,707

494,859

17.95

—

223,355

616,582

19.81

—

(a)  Excludes the current portion of long-term debt, which totaled $459, $62,928, $2,176, $19,592 and $26,033 at December 31, 2017, 2016, 2015, 

2014 and 2013, respectively.

Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction 
with our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto that are available elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 
10-K. The following is a discussion and analysis of SPLP's consolidated results of operations for the years ended December 31, 
2017, 2016 and 2015. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking 
statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results could differ materially from those discussed in the forward-
looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this 
Annual Report on Form 10-K, particularly in "Risk Factors" in Item 1A. All monetary amounts used in this discussion are in 
thousands except common unit, per common unit, share and per share amounts.

Business Segments

SPLP operates through the following segments: Diversified Industrial, Energy, Financial Services, and Corporate and 
Other, which are managed separately and offer different products and services. For a more complete description of the Company's 
segments, see "Item 1 - Business - The Company" found elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

Recent Developments

Below is a summary of recent developments that impacted the Company. For additional information on the acquisitions 

described below, see Note 3 - "Acquisitions" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K. 

20

 
 
•  The Company completed separate tender offers to purchase all of the outstanding shares of Steel Excel and HNH common 
stock not already owned by SPLP or its affiliates, issuing a total of approximately 7,900,000 SPLP preferred units with a 
liquidation value of approximately $198,500 as purchase consideration.

•  On November 14, 2017, the Company entered into a new five-year, $600,000 revolving credit facility. The new credit facility 
consolidates  a  number  of  the  Company's  existing  credit  facilities  into  one  combined,  revolving  credit  facility  covering 
substantially all of the Company's subsidiaries, with the exception of WebBank.

•  On May 19, 2017, the Company acquired an 80% interest in Basin for approximately $5,100. Basin provides wireline services 
to  major  oil  &  gas  exploration  and  production  companies  in  the  U.S.  and  specializes  in  cased-hole  wireline  logging  and 
perforating services for exploration and production companies with wells in New Mexico, Texas, Utah, Arizona and Colorado.
•  On December 15, 2017, the Company purchased 35,000 shares of Steel Connect, Inc. ("STCN") (formerly ModusLink Global 
Solutions, Inc.) convertible preferred stock for $35,000, increasing the Company's interest in STCN's outstanding shares to 
approximately 46%.

•  The Company recorded tax benefits of approximately $44,681 during 2017 associated with the reversal of its deferred tax 

valuation allowances at certain subsidiaries.

•  On December 22, 2017, the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was enacted, which reduces the U.S. corporate income tax rate from 35% 
to 21% beginning in 2018 and imposes a transition tax on deemed repatriated earnings of our foreign subsidiaries. Our financial 
results for 2017 included an income tax provision of approximately $58,717 resulting from the transition tax and the revaluation 
of our U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities to reflect the recently enacted 21% federal corporate tax rate.

•  On February 16, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of Dunmore Corporation in the U.S., and the share purchase 
of Dunmore Europe GmbH in Germany (collectively, "Dunmore") for a purchase price of $66,000, subject to a working capital 
adjustment and an earn-out based on future earnings during the period from January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2019. In 
no case shall the purchase price, including the potential earn-out, exceed $80,000. Dunmore is a global provider of specialty 
coated, laminated and metallized films for the aircraft, spacecraft, photovoltaic, graphic arts, packaging, insulation, surfacing 
and fashion industries.

RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2017 and 2016

Revenue

Cost of goods sold

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Interest expense

Goodwill impairment charges

Asset impairment charges

All other expense (income), net

Total costs and expenses
Income from continuing operations before income taxes and equity method income

Income tax provision

Income of associated companies and other investments held at fair value, net of taxes
Net income

Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities

Net (loss) income attributable to common unitholders

Revenue

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

$

1,372,027

$

1,163,549

958,490

337,719

22,804

—

2,028

10,563

1,331,604

40,423

51,299

(16,888)

6,012

(6,028)

$

(16) $

815,576

282,298

11,052

24,254

17,259
(9,328)
1,141,111

22,438

23,952
(4,085)
2,571

4,059

6,630

Revenue in 2017 increased $208,478, or 17.9%, when compared to 2016. Excluding growth from the acquisitions of SLI 
(including EME), Hazen and AMP in the Diversified Industrial segment, and Basin in the Energy segment totaling 12.9% and a 
negative foreign exchange impact of (0.8)%, revenue increased by 5.7%. The net revenue increase of 5.7% was due to increases 
across all of our segments.

Cost of Goods Sold

Cost of goods sold in 2017 increased $142,914, or 17.5%, when compared to 2016 primarily due to the impact of our 
recent acquisitions and higher sales volume discussed above. Cost of goods sold in 2016 was negatively impacted by higher duties 

21

 
 
paid on certain imports, amortization related to the fair value adjustment to acquisition-date inventories associated with the SLI 
(including EME) acquisition and certain inventory write-downs due to the planned closure of two facilities from the Diversified 
Industrial segment.

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A") in 2017 increased $55,421, or 19.6%, when compared to 2016
primarily due to the Company's recent acquisitions, higher personnel costs at WebBank to support the increase in their business, 
as well as pension obligations and severance charges recorded as a result of the planned closure of API's Rahway facility. The 
increase in the Corporate and Other segment was primarily due to higher non-cash incentive unit expense recorded in 2017. No 
incentive unit expense was recorded in 2016.

Interest Expense

Interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was $22,804 and $11,052, respectively. The higher 
interest expense was primarily due to higher borrowing levels in 2017, primarily to fund the Company's acquisitions made during 
2016, and interest expense from the SPLP preferred units, which are classified as liabilities, issued in 2017.

Goodwill Impairment Charges

The Company recognized goodwill impairment charges of $24,254 in 2016. The 2016 impairment charge related to the 
Diversified Industrial segment and resulted from a decline in market conditions and lower demand for certain product lines in the 
performance materials business. 

Asset Impairment Charges

The asset impairment charge of $2,028 in 2017 is primarily due to recognizing an other-than-temporary decline in the fair 
value of one of Steel Excel's investments. The asset impairment charges of $17,259 in 2016 were primarily due to the planned 
closure of two facilities within the Diversified Industrial segment and an other-than-temporary decline in the fair value of certain 
marketable securities and other investments. 

All Other Expense (Income), Net

All other expense (income), net was unfavorable by $19,891 in 2017, when compared to 2016, primarily due to net losses, 
as compared to net gains in 2016 on investment activity, and higher finance interest expense and higher provisions for loan losses 
recorded in 2017. 

Income Taxes

As a limited partnership, we are generally not responsible for federal and state income taxes, and our profits and losses 
are passed directly to our limited partners for inclusion in their respective income tax returns. The Company's tax provision represents 
the income tax expense or benefit of its consolidated corporate subsidiaries. For the year ended December 31, 2017, a tax provision 
of $51,299 was recorded, as compared to $23,952 in 2016. The Company recorded an income tax provision of approximately 
$58,717 resulting from the transition tax and the revaluation of our U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities to reflect the recently 
enacted 21% federal corporate tax rate under the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act. The Company also recorded tax benefits of approximately 
$44,681 during 2017 associated with the reversal of its deferred tax valuation allowances at certain subsidiaries. The remaining 
increase in tax expense was driven primarily by the increase in income from continuing operations and the mix of taxable income 
between the partnership and its consolidated corporate subsidiaries.

Income of Associated Companies and Other Investments Held At Fair Value, Net of Taxes

Income of associated companies and other investments held at fair value, net of taxes in 2017 increased by $12,803, 
compared  to  2016.  The  year-over-year  change  represents  the  impact  of  unrealized  mark-to-market  adjustments  for  various 
investments  that  are  accounted  for  at  fair  value.  For  the  details  of  each  of  these  investments  and  the  related  mark-to-market 
adjustments in both periods, see Note 9 - "Investments" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 
10-K.

22

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Segment Analysis

Revenue:

Diversified industrial

Energy

Financial services
Total revenue

Net income (loss) by segment:

Diversified industrial

Energy

Financial services

Corporate and other
Net income from continuing operations before income taxes

Income tax provision
Net income

Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities

Net (loss) income attributable to common unitholders

Diversified Industrial 

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

$

1,156,187

$

998,556

$

$

$

$

135,461

80,379

1,372,027

50,104

(21,514)

41,328

(12,607)

57,311

51,299

6,012

(6,028)

$

(16) $

93,995

70,998

1,163,549

19,175
(11,459)
42,518
(23,711)
26,523

23,952

2,571

4,059

6,630

Net sales in 2017 increased by $157,631, or 15.8%, when compared to 2016. The change in net sales reflects approximately 
$139,702 in incremental sales associated with the SLI (including EME), Hazen and AMP acquisitions, partially offset by a decrease 
of $9,148 due to the unfavorable impact of foreign currency exchange rates. Excluding the impact of acquisitions and foreign 
currency exchange rates, net sales increased by approximately $27,077 due primarily to higher sales volume from the building 
materials business driven by increased demand for roofing products, as well as growth from international shipments, higher demand 
driven by the medical and defense industries from the electrical products business, as well as higher sales volume from the joining 
materials business driven by higher demand from the oil & gas exploration, appliance and electrical markets, as compared to 2016. 
The packaging business sales also increased due primarily to higher foil sales volume in Europe, partially offset by the April 2016 
divestiture of its security holographics business. The Kasco business also had higher sales volume driven by higher demand from 
North America and Europe. These increases were partially offset by lower volume from the tubing business driven by its fabricated 
metal tubing product line for the medical industry, which was divested during the first quarter of 2017, as well as lower demand 
for steel tubing products from ship building and oil & gas markets. The performance materials business sales volume also decreased 
in 2017, as compared to 2016, due primarily to the October 2016 divestiture of the equipment, inventories and certain customer 
information of JPS' former Slater, South Carolina operating facility. 

Segment operating income in 2017 increased by $30,929, or 161.3%, when compared to 2016. The increase was primarily 
due to higher gross profit of $52,070, partially offset by an increase in SG&A of $37,859, an increase in interest expense of $5,382, 
lower other income of $3,841, and lower equity method investment income of $8,078, as well as prior year 2016 goodwill and asset 
impairment charges totaling $35,711 discussed above. The higher gross profit was primarily driven by approximately $37,412 in 
incremental gross profit from the SLI (including EME), Hazen and AMP acquisitions, as well as higher sales volume driven by the 
building materials, joining materials and electrical products businesses. Gross profit margin also improved in the performance 
materials, joining materials and electrical products businesses due primarily to favorable product mix and lower manufacturing 
costs, partially offset by the tubing business due to lower sales volume. The impairment charges in 2016 were due to the closure of 
JPS' Slater, South Carolina operating facility in the performance materials business during 2016 and the closure of our Gliwice, 
Poland operating facility in the joining materials business during 2016. The higher SG&A was driven primarily by the SLI (including 
EME), Hazen and AMP acquisitions, which contributed incremental SG&A of approximately $29,696, and pension obligations and 
severance charges due to the planned closure of API's Rahway facility. The higher interest expense in 2017 was primarily due to 
higher borrowing levels incurred to finance the Diversified Industrial segment's acquisitions made during 2016. The decrease in 
other income was due to the non-recurrence of the gain on sale of API's security holographics business, which was sold in the second 
quarter of 2016. The decrease in equity method investment income from the 2016 period was due to the financial results of SLI 
before it was acquired on June 1, 2016, and became a consolidated subsidiary.

Energy

In 2017, net revenue increased $41,466, or 44.1%, when compared to 2016. The increase in net revenue reflects incremental 
sales of approximately $10,767 from the acquisition of Basin in May 2017. In addition, the demand for services continued to improve 
in-line with the increase in the North American oil & gas drilling rig count. The Energy segment's results of operations going forward 

23

 
 
 
 
 
will be dependent on the price of oil in the future, the resulting well production and drilling rig count in the basins in which it 
operates, and the Energy segment's ability to return to the pricing and service levels of the past as oil prices increase. 

Segment operating loss in 2017 increased $10,055, or 87.7%, as compared to 2016, due to higher SG&A of $2,030, lower 
income from equity method investments of $9,351 and a decrease in income related to investment activity of $8,082, partially offset 
by an increase in gross profit of $4,111 and $5,174 lower impairment charges related to marketable securities, as compared to 2016. 
The increase in gross profit was primarily driven by higher sales volume and the impact of the Basin acquisition, as compared to 
2016. The increase in SG&A was primarily due to the Basin acquisition, as well as non-recurrence of a litigation settlement received, 
net of associated fees, in 2016, partially offset by a decrease in corporate overhead costs in 2017. 

Financial Services

Revenue in 2017 increased $9,381, or 13.2%, when compared to 2016. The revenue growth is primarily due to increased 

volume in lending programs and an increase in interest income due to a larger outstanding loan balance. 

Segment operating income in 2017 decreased $1,190, or 2.8%, as compared to 2016. The higher revenue was more than 
offset by higher costs and expenses including higher SG&A of $3,610 driven by higher personnel expenses due to growth in the 
number of WebBank's programs, supporting new initiatives, and the continued expansion of WebBank's compliance and oversight 
group to meet increasing regulatory expectations. In addition, finance interest expense and the provision for loan losses increased 
$2,090 and $4,865, respectively, in the year ended December 31, 2017, as compared to 2016. The higher finance interest expense 
was due to a larger deposit balance to support loan growth and an increase in interest rates, and the higher provision expense was 
to support growth of consumer and small/medium business loans held to maturity. 

Net Interest Income, Margin and Interest Rate Spreads

Net interest income is the difference between interest earned on interest-earning assets and interest incurred on interest-
bearing liabilities. By its nature, net interest income is especially vulnerable to changes in the mix and amounts of interest-earning 
assets and interest-bearing liabilities. In addition, changes in the interest rates and yields associated with these assets and liabilities 
can significantly impact net interest income. The following table summarizes the average balances, the amount of interest earned 
or incurred and the applicable yields for interest-earning assets and the costs of interest-bearing liabilities that generate net interest 
income. For purposes of calculating the yields in these schedules, the average loan balances also include the principal amounts of 
nonaccrual and restructured loans. However, interest received on nonaccrual loans is included in income only to the extent that cash 
payments have been received and not applied to principal reductions. In addition, interest on restructured loans is generally accrued 
at reduced rates.

24

 
 
 
Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

Average

Interest

Average

Interest

Average

Interest

Outstanding

Earned/ Yield/ Outstanding

Earned/ Yield/ Outstanding

Earned/ Yield/

Balance

Paid

Rate

Balance

Paid

Rate

Balance

Paid

Rate

$

225,740 $

28,396

12.6% $

213,034 $

27,203

12.8% $

197,467 $

28,128

14.2%

19,677

812

1,879

218,700

466,808

15,361

482,169

84,244

290,734

374,978

9,930

384,908

97,261

$

$

614

17

15

2,231

31,273

3.1%

2.1%

0.8%

1.0%

6.7%

8,055

575

902

130,428

352,994

6,140

323

13

2

721

28,262

4.0%

2.3%

0.2%

0.6%

8.0%

999

574

589

55,076

254,705

2,978

30

12

1

148

3.0%

2.1%

0.2%

0.3%

28,319

11.1%

$

359,134

$

257,683

407

0.5% $

4,280

4,687

1.5%

1.3%

67,883

206,176

274,059

8,349

282,408

76,726

123

0.2% $

2,474

2,597

1.2%

1.0%

68,861

133,592

202,453

6,339

208,792

48,891

82

1,372

1,454

0.1%

1.0%

0.7%

$

482,169

$

359,134

$

257,683

$

26,586

$

25,665

$

26,865

5.4%

5.7%

5.7%

28.3%

20.2%

7.1%

7.3%

8.1%

38.0%

21.4%

10.4%

10.5%

12.2%

64.3%

19.0%

Interest-earning assets:

Loans receivable

Held-to-maturity securities

Available-for-sale investments

Federal funds sold

Interest bearing deposits

Total interest-earning assets
Non interest-earning assets

Total assets

Interest-bearing liabilities:

Money market accounts

Time deposits

Total interest-bearing liabilities

Other non interest-bearing liabilities
Total liabilities

Shareholder's equity
Total liabilities and shareholder's equity

Net interest income

Spread on average interest-bearing funds

Net interest margin

Return on assets

Return on equity

Equity to assets

WebBank has several lending arrangements with companies where it originates credit card and other loans for consumers 

and small businesses. These loans are classified as held for sale and are typically sold after origination. 

The following table presents the effects of changing rates and volumes on WebBank's net interest income for the periods 
indicated. The rate column shows the effects attributable to changes in rate (changes in rate multiplied by prior volume). The volume 
column shows the effects attributable to changes in volume (changes in volume multiplied by prior rate). The total column represents 
the sum of the prior columns. For purposes of this table, changes attributable to both rate and volume, which cannot be segregated, 
have been allocated proportionately, based on the changes due to rate and the changes due to volume.

2017 vs 2016

Increase/(Decrease)

Year Ended December 31,

2016 vs 2015

Increase/(Decrease)

2015 vs 2014 
Increase/(Decrease)

Due to
Volume

Due to
Rate

Total

Due to
Volume

Due to
Rate

Total

Due to
Volume

Due to
Rate

Total

$

1,591 $

(399) $

1,192

$

2,950 $

(3,875) $

(925) $

14,612 $

943 $

15,555

344

5

4

670

2,614

36

1,164

1,200

(53)

(1)

9

842

398

247

643

890

291

4

13

1,512

3,012

283

1,807

2,090

280

—

1

321

3,552

(1)

841

840

13

1

—

252

(3,609)

2

258

260

293

1

1

573

(57)

1

1,099

1,100

2

—

—

(110)

14,504

57

363

420

28

(3)

—

65

1,033

(61)

457

396

30
(3)
—
(45)
15,537
(4)
820

816

$

1,414 $

(492) $

922

$

2,712 $

(3,869) $

(1,157) $

14,084 $

637 $

14,721

Earning assets:

Loans receivable

Held-to-maturity securities

Available-for-sale investments

Federal funds sold

Interest bearing deposits
Total earning assets

Money market accounts

Time deposits
Total funds

Net variance

Balance Sheet Analysis

Loan Portfolio

25

 
 
As of December 31, 2017, net loans accounted for 43% of WebBank's total assets compared to 33% at the end of 2016. 
The following table presents WebBank's loans outstanding by type of loan as of December 31, 2017 and the five most recent year-
ends.

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

Amount

%

Amount

%

Amount

%

Amount

%

Amount

%

As of December 31,

Real estate loans:

Commercial - owner
occupied

Commercial - other
Total real estate loans

Commercial and industrial

Consumer loans

Loans held for sale
Total loans

Less:

Deferred fees and discounts

Allowance for loan losses
Total loans receivable, net

0.4% $

1,542

0.7% $

1,650

1.4% $

4,671

$

272

296

568

84,726

53,238

136,773

275,305

—

(5,237)

0.1% $

0.1%

0.2%

30.8%

19.3%

49.7%

604

266

870

50,564

22,805

80,692

0.2%

0.6%

32.6%

14.7%

52.1%

100.0%

154,931

100.0%

—

(1,483)

281

1,823

66,253

—

159,592

227,668

(15)

(630)

0.1%

0.8%

29.1%

—%

70.1%

264

1,914

75,706

—

40,886

0.2%

1.6%

63.9%

—%

34.5%

100.0%

118,506

100.0%

(20)

(557)

242

4,913

46,702

—

25,125

76,740

—

(424)

$ 270,068

$ 153,448

$ 227,023

$ 117,929

$

76,316

6.1%

0.3%

6.4%

60.9%

—%

32.7%

100.0%

The following table includes a maturity profile for the loans that were outstanding at December 31, 2017. Substantially 

all of the real estate loans and commercial and industrial loans have floating or adjustable interest rates:

Due During Years Ending December 31,

2018

2019-2023

2024 and following

Total

Nonperforming Lending Related Assets

Real Estate

Commercial
& Industrial

Consumer

Loans Held
for Sale

$

$

20

$

62,483

$

22,372

$

136,773

548

—

21,947

296

30,866

—

—

—

568

$

84,726

$

53,238

$

136,773

Total nonaccrual loans were $0 at December 31, 2017 and 2016. 

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

As of December 31,

Non-accruing loans:

Commercial real estate - owner occupied

$

— $

— $

341

$

374

$

Commercial real estate - other

Commercial and industrial

Other

Total
Accruing loans delinquent:

90 days or more

Total
Foreclosed assets:

Commercial real estate - owner occupied

Total
Total non-performing assets

Total as a percentage of total assets

Summary of Loan Loss Experience

—

—

—

—

2,658

2,658

—

—

$

2,658

$

—

—

—

—

3

3

—

—

3

—

2

—

343

—

—

11

11

$

354

$

—

16

—

390

52

52

111

111

553

$

403

—

109

—

512

—

—

149

149

661

0.4%

—%

0.1%

0.2%

0.4%

The  methodologies  used  to  estimate  the  allowance  for  loan  losses  ("ALLL")  depend  upon  the  impairment  status  and 
portfolio segment of the loan. Loan groupings are created for each loan class and are then graded against historical and industry 
loss rates. After applying historic loss experience, as described above, we review the quantitatively derived level of ALLL for each 
segment using qualitative criteria. We track various risk factors that influence our judgment regarding the level of the ALLL across 

26

 
 
 
 
the portfolio segments. The following table summarizes activity in WebBank's allowance for loan and lease losses for the periods 
indicated:

Balance at beginning of period

Charge offs:

Commercial real estate - owner occupied

Commercial real estate - other

Commercial and industrial

Other

Total charge offs
Recoveries:

Commercial real estate - owner occupied

Commercial real estate - other

Commercial and industrial

Other

Total recoveries

Net recoveries (charge offs)

Additions charged to operations
Balance at end of period

As of December 31,

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

$

1,483

$

630

$

557

$

424

$

285

—

—

(933)

(1,214)

(2,147)

17

—

142

103

262

(1,885)

5,639
5,237

$

—

—

—

—

—

14

35

30

—

79

79

774
1,483

$

$

—

—

—

—

—

25

44

54

—

123

123

(50)
630

$

—

—

(3)

—

(3)

65

40

81

—

186

183

(50)
557

$

—

—

(64)

—

(64)

23

44

216

—

283

219

(80)
424

Ratio of net charge offs during the period to average loans
outstanding during the period

0.8%

— %

(0.1)%

(0.2)%

(0.4)%

The distribution of WebBank's allowance for losses on loans at the dates indicated is summarized as follows:

As of December 31,

2017

2016

2015

2014

2013

% of
Loans in
Each
Category
of Total
Loans

Amount

% of
Loans in
Each
Category
of Total
Loans

% of
Loans in
Each
Category
of Total
Loans

Amount

% of
Loans in
Each
Category
of Total
Loans

Amount

Amount

% of
Loans in
Each
Category
of Total
Loans

Amount

Commercial real estate - owner
occupied

$

Commercial real estate - other

Commercial and industrial

Other consumer loans

Loans held for sale
Total loans

Corporate and Other

6

7

2,800

2,424

—

0.1% $

0.1%

30.8%

19.3%

49.7%

22

7

880

574

—

0.4% $

0.2%

32.6%

14.7%

52.1%

$

5,237

100.0% $

1,483

100.0% $

39

9

582

—

—

630

0.7% $

0.1%

29.1%

—%

70.1%

64

12

481

—

—

1.4% $

0.2%

63.9%

—

34.5%

100.0% $

557

100.0% $

77

28

319

—

—

424

6.1%

0.3%

60.9%

—%

32.7%

100.0%

Segment operating loss declined $11,104 in 2017, as compared to 2016, primarily due to higher income of $29,983 from 
equity method and other investments held at fair value, partially offset by higher SG&A of $11,922 and higher interest expense of 
$6,493, primarily due to interest expense recorded on the SPLP preferred units issued in 2017. The higher SG&A was primarily 
due to non-cash incentive unit expense of $9,021 recorded in 2017. There was no incentive unit expense recorded in 2016.

27

 
Comparison of the Years Ended December 31, 2016 and 2015

Revenue

Cost of goods sold

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Interest expense

Goodwill impairment charges

Asset impairment charges

All other income, net

Total costs and expenses
Income from continuing operations before income taxes and equity method income (loss)

Income tax provision (benefit)

(Income) loss of associated companies and other investments held at fair value, net of taxes
Net income from continuing operations

Income from discontinued operations
Net income

Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities

Net income attributable to common unitholders

Revenue

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

$ 1,163,549

$

965,059

815,576

282,298

11,052

24,254

17,259

(9,328)

1,141,111

22,438

23,952

(4,085)

2,571

—

2,571

4,059

6,630

$

$

670,047

230,199

8,862

19,571

68,092
(55,081)
941,690

23,369
(78,719)
31,777

70,311

86,257

156,568
(19,833)
136,735

Revenue in 2016 increased $198,490, or 20.6%, when compared to 2015. Excluding growth from the acquisitions of SLI 
(including EME), JPS and API of 24.7% and other activity of 0.6%, primarily due to higher silver prices, revenues declined 4.7%. 
The revenue decrease of 4.7% was primarily due to decreases in the Energy and Diversified Industrial segments, partially offset by 
an increase in the Financial Services segment.

Cost of Goods Sold

Cost of goods sold in 2016 increased $145,529, or 21.7%, when compared to 2015 primarily due to an increase in the 
Diversified Industrial segment, which increased due to the acquisitions of SLI (including EME), JPS and API, as well as from higher 
duties paid on certain imports, amortization related to the fair value adjustment to acquisition-date inventories associated with the 
SLI (including EME) acquisition, and certain inventory write-downs due to the planned closure of two facilities within the Diversified 
Industrial segment. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in the Energy segment due to lower revenue. 

Selling, General and Administrative Expenses

SG&A in 2016 increased $52,099, or 22.6%, when compared to 2015 primarily due to the acquisitions of SLI (including 
EME), JPS and API and higher personnel costs at WebBank to support the increase in their business. These SG&A increases were 
partially offset by a net decrease in the Energy segment due to the receipt of a litigation settlement in 2016, net of higher corporate 
overhead and legal fees, as well as a decrease in the Corporate and Other segment due to lower corporate employee costs and lower 
professional fees. 

Interest Expense

Interest expense for the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $11,052 and $8,862, respectively. The higher interest 

expense was primarily due to higher borrowing levels in 2016, primarily to fund the 2016 acquisitions discussed above.

Goodwill Impairment Charges

The Company recognized goodwill impairment charges of $24,254 and $19,571 in 2016 and 2015, respectively. The 2016 
impairment charge related to the Diversified Industrial segment and resulted from a decline in market conditions and lower demand 
for certain product lines in the performance materials business. The 2015 impairment charge related to the Energy segment and 
resulted from the adverse effects the decline in energy prices had on the oil services industry and the projected future results of 
operations of the Energy segment.

Asset Impairment Charges

28

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The asset impairment charges in 2016 are primarily due to the planned closure of two facilities within the Diversified 
Industrial segment, and an other-than-temporary decline in the fair value of certain marketable securities and other investments. 
The asset impairment charges in 2015 primarily relate to other-than-temporary impairments recorded on certain marketable securities 
and the impairment of a building from the Corporate and Other segment.

All Other Income, Net

All other income, net decreased $45,753 in 2016, when compared to 2015, due to lower gains from investment activity, 
higher finance interest expense and higher provisions for loan losses recorded in the 2016 period. The lower gains on investment 
activity recorded in the 2016 period was primarily due to lower investment income recorded by Steel Excel, the non-recurrence of 
a gain on the sale of an available-for-sale security recorded in 2015 of approximately $25,400 and a gain on our investment in 
CoSine recorded in 2015 of approximately $6,900 resulting from the re-measurement of our investment upon the acquisition of a 
majority interest in CoSine in January 2015.

Income Taxes

For the year ended December 31, 2016, a tax provision of $23,952 from continuing operations was recorded. The increase 
in the effective tax rate in 2016, compared to 2015, was primarily due to the reversal of a deferred tax valuation allowance at 
WebFinancial Holding LLC (formerly CoSine) in 2015 of approximately $111,881. For additional information see Note 15 - "Income 
Taxes" and Note 7 - "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net" to the SPLP financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 
10-K.

Income (Loss) of Associated Companies and Other Investments Held At Fair Value, Net of Taxes

The income (loss) of associated companies and other investments held at fair value, net of taxes in 2016 decreased by 
$35,862, compared to 2015. The year-over-year change represents the impact of unrealized mark-to-market adjustments for various 
investments that are accounted for at fair value. For the details of each of these investments and the related mark-to-market adjustments 
in both periods, see Note 9 - "Investments" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K. 

Income from Discontinued Operations

Income from discontinued operations for the year ended December 31, 2015 represents the gain on sale of the Company's 
former Arlon, LLC ("Arlon") business. For additional information on the Arlon disposition, see Note 4 - "Divestitures and Asset 
Impairment Charges" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

Segment Analysis

Revenue:

Diversified industrial

Energy

Financial services
Total revenue

Net income (loss) by segment:

Diversified industrial

Energy

Financial services

Corporate and other
Net income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

Income tax provision (benefit)
Net income from continuing operations

Income from discontinued operations
Net loss (income) attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities

Net income attributable to common unitholders

Diversified Industrial

29

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

$

998,556

$

93,995

70,998

$ 1,163,549

$

19,175

(11,459)

42,518

(23,711)

26,523

23,952

2,571

—

4,059

6,630

$

$

$

$

763,009

132,620

69,430

965,059

42,281
(95,112)
46,314
(1,891)
(8,408)
(78,719)
70,311

86,257
(19,833)
136,735

 
 
 
 
 
 
Net sales in 2016 increased by $235,547, or 30.9%, when compared to 2015. The change in net sales reflects approximately 
$239,000 in incremental sales associated with the SLI (including EME), JPS and API acquisitions, as well as an increase of $5,400 
as a result of higher average silver prices. Excluding the impact of the SLI (including EME), JPS and API acquisitions and the 
change in silver prices, net sales decreased by approximately $8,700 due to lower volume of $6,200, primarily from the performance 
materials business, partially offset by growth from the building materials business, and lower revenue of approximately $2,500 at 
API due to the negative impact of foreign exchange rates. The average silver market price was approximately $17.11 per troy ounce 
in 2016, as compared to $15.70 per troy ounce in 2015. 

Segment operating income in 2016 decreased by $23,106, or 54.6%, when compared to 2015, primarily due to the goodwill 
and asset impairment charges recorded in 2016 of $35,711 discussed above, of which $1,400 unfavorably impacted gross profit, as 
well as higher SG&A of $59,522, principally due to the segment's recent acquisitions. These declines in segment operating income 
were partially offset by higher gross profit of $62,322 and higher income of $9,330 recorded from equity method investments. The 
higher gross profit and SG&A in 2016 were primarily driven by the SLI (including EME), JPS and API acquisitions. Gross profit 
was also favorably impacted by an increase of approximately $2,800 from its building materials business due to higher sales volume, 
partially offset by its joining materials business due to lower sales volume.

Energy

Weakness in the oil services industry had an adverse effect on the results of operations of the Company's Energy segment 
in 2016. The decline in energy prices that began in late 2014, particularly the significant decline in oil prices, has resulted in the 
Energy segment's customers, the oil & gas exploration and production companies ("E&P Companies"), cutting back on their capital 
expenditures, which resulted in reduced drilling, completion and work over activity. In addition, the E&P Companies sought price 
concessions from their service providers to offset their drop in revenue. Such actions on the part of the E&P Companies had an 
adverse effect on the operations of the Energy segment in 2016. Steel Excel undertook certain actions and instituted cost-reduction 
measures in an effort to mitigate these adverse effects. 

In 2016, net revenue decreased $38,625, or 29.1%, when compared to 2015. The decrease in net revenue in 2016 was 
primarily due to a decrease of approximately $36,100 in Steel Energy's business due to the decline in rig utilization and the decline 
in prices that resulted from the adverse effects the decline in energy prices had on the oil services industry. Net revenue from Steel 
Sports' businesses decreased by $2,600 in 2016, when compared to 2015.

Segment operating loss in 2016 decreased $83,653, or 88.0%, when compared to 2015. Significant changes in the 2016 
period were lower impairment charges of $52,579 related to marketable securities, lower goodwill impairment charges of $19,571, 
lower SG&A of $3,438, due to the receipt of a litigation settlement, net of higher corporate overhead costs, and higher income from 
equity method investments of $26,046. These changes were partially offset by a decrease in gross profit of $11,105 and lower gains 
on sales of investments of $7,787 in the year ended December 31, 2016, when compared to 2015. The decrease in gross profit was 
primarily due to the decline in revenue in the energy business.

Financial Services

Revenue in 2016 increased $1,568, or 2.3%, when compared to 2015. The net increase was due to higher non-interest 
income of approximately $1,700 in 2016, compared to 2015, as a result of the restructuring of programs, which created a gain on 
sale of certain loans, partially offset by lower interest income of approximately $200 in 2016, compared to 2015, due to declines 
in a number of WebBank's key programs caused by capital market disruptions and the restructuring of some arrangements.

Segment operating income in 2016 decreased $3,802, or 8.2%, when compared to 2015. The higher revenue was more 
than offset by higher costs and expenses including higher SG&A of $3,401 driven by higher personnel expenses due to growth in 
the number of WebBank's programs, supporting new initiatives, and the continued expansion of WebBank's compliance and oversight 
group to meet increasing regulatory expectations. In addition, finance interest expense and the provision for loan losses increased 
$1,145 and $824, respectively, in the year ended December 31, 2016, when compared to 2015. The higher finance interest expense 
was due to a larger deposit balance to support loan growth and an increase in interest rates, and the increase in the provision for 
loan losses was due to the addition of a loan portfolio of held-to-maturity consumer loans.

Corporate and Other

Segment operating loss increased $21,820 in 2016, when compared to 2015, primarily as a result of higher net investment 
gains of $36,355 recorded in the 2015 period. The gains in 2015 were primarily due to a gain on the sale of an available-for-sale 

30

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
security  of  approximately  $25,400  and  a  gain  on  our  investment  in  CoSine  of  approximately  $6,900  resulting  from  the  re-
measurement of our investment upon the acquisition of a majority interest in CoSine in January 2015. This reduction to segment 
operating income was partially offset by the non-recurrence of $6,913 of impairment charges recorded in 2015, which included a 
charge of $1,400 to adjust an asset held for sale to its net realizable value and a charge of approximately $5,500 related to an other-
than-temporary decline in an available-for-sale security, and lower SG&A as a result of lower corporate employee costs and lower 
professional fees in 2016, compared to 2015. 

DISCUSSION OF CONSOLIDATED CASH FLOWS

The following table provides a summary of the Company's consolidated cash flows for the years ended December 31, 

2017, 2016 and 2015:

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Change in period

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

$

(15,770) $

195,477

$

(172,617)

155,889

(160,502)

230,571

(32,498) $

265,546

$

(13,840)
64,539
(53,105)
(2,406)

Net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $15,770. Net income of $6,012 was 
impacted by certain non-cash items and a net unfavorable change of $139,967 relating to certain operating assets and liabilities. 
The net change in operating assets and liabilities was primarily due to an increase of $56,081 in loans held for sale due to the timing 
of loan originations, which can vary significantly from period-to-period since these loans are typically sold after origination, as 
well as the level of activity at WebBank, an increase of $22,842 in trade and other receivables due to timing of receipts, an increase 
in inventories of $21,683 due primarily to a higher first quarter 2018 sales forecast, an increase in prepaid expenses and other current 
assets of $4,621, a decrease of $34,740 in accounts payable, accrued and other current liabilities due primarily to higher pension 
contributions and timing of payments.

Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $195,477. Net income of $2,571 was 
impacted by certain non-cash items and a net favorable change of $71,225 relating to certain operating assets and liabilities. The 
net change in operating assets and liabilities was primarily due to a decrease of $78,900 in loans held for sale due to the timing of 
loan originations and the level of activity at WebBank. This decrease was partially offset by an increase of $11,747 in trade and 
other receivables due to the timing of receipts and an increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets of $8,246.

Net cash used in operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $13,840. Net income from continuing 
operations of $70,311 was impacted by certain non-cash items and a net unfavorable change of $111,262 relating to certain operating 
assets and liabilities. Of this change, $118,706 was from an increase in loans held for sale, $21,591 was from a decrease in accounts 
payable, accrued and other current liabilities and $666 was from an increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets. These 
unfavorable changes were partially offset by a $17,167 decrease in trade and other receivables and a $12,534 decrease in inventories. 
Net cash used in operating activities was also impacted by $2,254 of cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations.

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $172,617. Significant items included 
purchases of property, plant and equipment of $54,737, an increase in loan originations, net of collections, of $93,390, net payments 
related to investment activities of $26,690, as well as the purchase of STCN convertible preferred stock for $35,000, partially offset 
by proceeds from sale of assets of $42,204, principally proceeds from sales of loans by WebBank.

Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $160,502. Significant items included net 
cash paid for the acquisitions of SLI (including EME), Hazen, and AMP, which totaled an aggregate of $200,137, purchases of 
property, plant and equipment of $34,183, an increase in loan originations, net of collections, of $26,895, and investments in STCN 
of $2,440,  partially  offset  by  net  proceeds  from  sales  of  investments  of $61,641 and  proceeds  from  sale  of  assets  of $32,247, 
principally sales of loans by WebBank and the sale of API's security holographics business.

Net cash provided by investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $64,539. Significant items included 
proceeds received from the sale of Arlon of $155,517, net proceeds from sales of investments of $42,623 and proceeds from the 

31

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
sale of other assets of $10,657. Cash flows from investing activities were used for purchases of property, plant and equipment of 
$23,252, acquisitions of $116,135, primarily the API and JPS acquisitions, and additional investments in associated companies, 
primarily STCN, of $7,607.

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2017 was $155,889, including net revolver 
borrowings of $67,864, and a net increase in WebBank's deposits of $145,395. These increases were partially offset by domestic 
term loan repayments of $47,993, cash used to purchase the Company's common units of $5,188, as well as payment of financing-
related fees of $5,663.

Net cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2016 was $230,571, including net revolver 
borrowings of $146,648, primarily to fund the acquisitions of SLI and EME, proceeds from term loans of $9,217, primarily to fund 
API's Hazen acquisition, and a net increase in WebBank's deposits of $113,432. These increases were partially offset by cash used 
to purchase the Company's common units of $7,297 and subsidiaries' purchases of their common stock of $20,956.

Net cash used in financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2015 was $53,105, including net revolver payments 
of $66,368, repayments of domestic term loans of $38,519, subsidiaries' purchases of the Company's common units of $17,323, 
purchases of the Company's common units of $1,917 and subsidiaries' purchases of their common stock of $17,031, partially offset 
by a net increase in WebBank's deposits of $87,312.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

SPLP (excluding its operating subsidiaries, "Holding Company") is a global diversified holding company whose assets 
principally consist of the stock of its direct subsidiaries and cash and cash equivalents. SPLP strives to enhance the liquidity and 
business  operations  of  its  businesses  and  increase  long-term  value  for  unitholders  and  stakeholders  through  balance  sheet 
improvements,  strategic  allocation  of  capital,  and  operational  and  growth  initiatives,  which  are  further  described  in  Item  1  - 
"Business - Business Strategy". 

On November 14, 2017, the Company, through certain consolidated subsidiaries (collectively, "Borrowers"), and the 
Guarantors, as defined in the credit agreement, entered into a new five-year, $600,000 revolving credit facility ("Credit Agreement"). 
The Credit Agreement consolidated a number of the Company's existing credit facilities into one combined, revolving credit facility 
covering substantially all of the Company's subsidiaries, with the exception of WebBank. The Credit Agreement includes a $55,000 
subfacility for swing line loans and a $50,000 subfacility for standby letters of credit. The Credit Agreement also permits, under 
certain circumstances, an increase in the aggregate principal amount of revolving credit commitments by up to $150,000. The 
Company's  availability  under  the  Credit Agreement  is  based  upon  earnings  and  certain  covenants  as  described  in  the  Credit 
Agreement. Borrowings under the Credit Agreement are collateralized by substantially all the assets of the Borrowers and the 
Guarantors and a pledge of all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each of the Borrowers' and Guarantors' 
subsidiaries, and are fully guaranteed by the Guarantors. Borrowings bear interest, at the Borrowers' option, at annual rates of 
either the Base Rate or the Euro-Rate, each as defined in the Credit Agreement, plus an applicable margin, as set forth in the Credit 
Agreement. The Credit Agreement is subject to certain mandatory prepayment provisions and restrictive and financial covenants. 

The Holding Company and its operating businesses believe that they have access to adequate resources to meet their 
needs for normal operating costs, capital expenditures, pension payments, debt obligations and working capital for their existing 
business for at least the next twelve months. These resources include cash and cash equivalents, investments, cash provided by 
operating activities and unused lines of credit. The Holding Company and its operating businesses' ability to satisfy their debt 
service obligations, to fund planned capital expenditures and required pension payments, and to make acquisitions will depend 
upon their future operating performance, which will be affected by prevailing economic conditions in the markets in which they 
operate, as well as financial, business and other factors, some of which are beyond their control. There can be no assurances that 
the Holding Company and its operating businesses will continue to have access to their lines of credit if their financial performance 
does not satisfy the financial covenants set forth in their respective financing agreements, which could also result in the acceleration 
of their debt obligations by their respective lenders, adversely affecting liquidity.

Management  is  utilizing  the  following  strategies  to  continue  to  enhance  liquidity:  (1)  continuing  to  implement 
improvements using the Steel Business System throughout all the Company's operations to increase sales and operating efficiencies, 
(2) supporting profitable sales growth both internally and potentially through acquisitions and (3) evaluating from time to time 
and as appropriate, strategic alternatives with respect to its businesses and/or assets. The Company continues to examine all of its 

32

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
options and strategies, including acquisitions, divestitures and other corporate transactions, to increase cash flow and stakeholder 
value.

As of December 31, 2017, the Company's working capital was $513,689, as compared to working capital of $449,745
as of December 31, 2016. As of December 31, 2017, the availability under the Credit Agreement was approximately $71,400. The 
Company and its subsidiaries have ongoing commitments as noted in the table below. These commitments include funding of the 
minimum requirements of its subsidiaries' pension plans. The Company expects to have required minimum contributions to the 
WHX Corporation Pension Plan of $24,900, $28,800, $33,500, $29,200, $28,400 and $36,700 in 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 
and for the five years thereafter, respectively. The Company does not currently expect to make any future minimum contributions 
for the WHX Pension Plan II. For JPS' pension plan, the Company expects to have required minimum contributions of $7,300, 
$4,600, $2,300, $2,200, $3,700 and $6,500 in 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 and for the five years thereafter, respectively. Required 
future pension contributions are estimated based upon assumptions such as discount rates on future obligations, assumed rates of 
return on plan assets and legislative changes. Actual future pension costs and required funding obligations will be affected by 
changes in the factors and assumptions described in the previous sentence, as well as other changes such as any plan termination 
or other acceleration events. 

WebBank manages its liquidity to provide adequate funds to meet anticipated financial obligations, such as certificate of 
deposit maturities and to fund customer credit needs. WebBank had $286,454 and $277,054 in cash at the Federal Reserve Bank 
and in its Federal Funds account at its correspondent banks at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. WebBank had $30,000 
and $17,400 in lines of credit from its correspondent banks at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and had $59,514 and 
$33,826 available from the Federal Reserve discount window at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. WebBank had a total 
of $375,968 and $328,280 in cash, lines of credit and access to the Federal Reserve Bank discount window at December 31, 2017
and 2016, respectively, which represents approximately 59.8% and 70.7%, respectively, of WebBank's total assets.

Contractual Commitments and Contingencies

Our consolidated contractual obligations as of December 31, 2017 are identified in the table below:

Debt obligations (1)
Estimated interest expense (1), (2)
Deposits (3)
Operating lease obligations

Capital lease obligations
Minimum pension contributions (4)
Preferred unit liability(5)
Total

Payments Due By Period

Less Than 1
Year

1 - 3 Years

3 - 5 Years

Thereafter

Total

$

2,083

$

4,432

$

408,152

$

— $

14,454

305,207

10,153

1,858

33,138

—

28,823

205,793

12,174

2,246

71,076

40,000

27,344

—

8,489

2,246

65,376

—

—

—

14,608

1,872

44,138

—

414,667

70,621

511,000

45,424

8,222

213,728

40,000

$

366,893

$

364,544

$

511,607

$

60,618

$

1,303,662

(1) Assumes repayment of the $406,981 balance outstanding on SPLP's secured revolving credit facility on its November 14, 2022 contractual 
maturity date. The outstanding balance on SPLP's Credit Agreement will fluctuate before maturity, and the repayment dates and amounts 
may differ. 

(2) Estimated  interest  expense  does  not  include  non-cash  amortization  of  debt  issuance  costs,  which  is  included  in  interest  expense  in  the 
Company's  consolidated  financial  statements. The  interest  rates  used  to  estimate  future  interest  expense  were  based  on  interest  rates  at 
December 31, 2017. As the majority of the Company's long-term debt bears interest at variable rates, any future interest rate fluctuations 
will impact future cash payments.

(3) Excludes interest.
(4) Represents total expected required minimum pension plan contributions to the WHX Corporation Pension Plan, the JPS Pension Plan and 
API's pension plan in the United Kingdom for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022 and for the five years thereafter. Actual future pension costs 
and required funding obligations will be affected by changes in the factors and assumptions described elsewhere in this Annual Report on 
Form 10-K, as well as other changes such as any plan termination or other acceleration events.

(5) Represents redemption of 1,600,000 6.0% Series A preferred units, no par value ("SPLP Preferred Units") on the third anniversary of the 
original issuance date of the SPLP Preferred Units (February 7, 2020) at a redemption price equal to the liquidation preference value of $25 
per unit, in cash. In addition to the amount in the table above, the limited partnership agreement also specifies that if the SPLP Preferred 
Units are not redeemed earlier, then on the ninth anniversary of the original issuance date (February 7, 2026), the remaining SPLP Preferred 
Units will be redeemed. The redemption price will be $25 per unit in cash or in common units or a combination thereof, at the sole discretion 
of the Company's Board of Directors. Upon redemption, the holders of the SPLP Preferred Units will also receive any accumulated and 
unpaid distributions as of the redemption date. The SPLP Preferred Units entitle the holders to a cumulative quarterly cash or in-kind (or a 
combination thereof) distribution, if and when declared at the discretion of the Company's Board of Directors.

Environmental Liabilities

33

 
 
 
Certain of the Company's facilities are subject to environmental remediation obligations. The Company has estimated its 
liability  to  remediate  these  sites,  and  has  recorded  $10,949  at  December 31,  2017.  For  further  discussion  regarding  these 
commitments, among others, see Note 18 - "Commitments and Contingencies" to the Company's consolidated financial statements 
found elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

Deposits 

Deposits at WebBank at December 31, 2017 and 2016 were as follows:

Current

Long-term

Total

2017

2016

305,207

205,793

511,000

$

$

196,944

168,661

365,605

$

$

The increase in deposits at December 31, 2017 compared with 2016 is due to WebBank's asset growth. The average 

original maturity for time deposits at December 31, 2017 was 27 months compared with 30 months at December 31, 2016.

The following table details the maturity of time deposits as of December 31, 2017:

Certificate of deposits less than $100

Certificate of deposits of $100 or more

Total certificates of deposits

Off-Balance Sheet Risk

< 3 Months

3 to 6 Months

Maturity

6 to 12
Months

> 12 Months

Total

$

$

31,975

9,919

41,894

$

$

38,044

5,148

43,192

$

$

81,000

25,442

106,442

$

$

205,793

—

205,793

$

$

356,812

40,509

397,321

It is not the Company's usual business practice to enter into off-balance sheet arrangements such as guarantees on loans 
and financial commitments, indemnification arrangements and retained interests in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity 
for securitization purposes. SPLP uses the same credit policy in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for 
on-balance sheet instruments.

WebBank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk. In the normal course of business, these financial 
instruments include commitments to extend credit in the form of loans as part of WebBank's lending arrangements with Marketing 
Partners. Those instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized 
on  the  Company's  consolidated  balance  sheets. The  contract  amounts  of  those  instruments  reflect  the  extent  of  involvement 
WebBank has in particular classes of financial instruments.

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, WebBank's undisbursed commitments under these instruments totaled $148,529 and 
$184,784,  respectively.  Commitments  to  extend  credit  are  agreements  to  lend  to  a  borrower  who  meets  the  lending  criteria 
established by WebBank through one of WebBank's lending agreements with Marketing Partners, provided there is no violation 
of any condition established in the contract with the counterparty to the lending arrangement. Commitments generally have fixed 
expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee, and in some cases are subject to ongoing adjustment 
by WebBank. Since certain of the commitments are expected to expire without the credit being extended, the total commitment 
amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. WebBank evaluates each prospective borrower's credit worthiness 
on a case-by-case basis. The amount of collateral obtained if deemed necessary by WebBank upon extension of credit is based on 
management's credit evaluation of the borrower and WebBank's Marketing Partner.

WebBank's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for 
commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. WebBank uses the same credit policy 
in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.

WebBank estimates an allowance for potential losses on off-balance sheet contingent credit exposures related to the 
guaranteed amount of its Small Business Administration ("SBA") and United States Department of Agriculture ("USDA") loans 
and whether or not the SBA/USDA honors the guarantee. WebBank determines the allowance for these contingent credit exposures 
based on historical experience and portfolio analysis. The allowance is included with other liabilities on the Company's consolidated 
balance sheets, with any related increases or decreases in the reserve included in SG&A in the Company's consolidated statements 

34

 
 
 
of operations. WebBank's allowance for credit losses on off-balance sheet contingent credit exposures was not significant as of 
December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Critical Accounting Policies

The Company's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations is based upon its consolidated 
financial statements, which have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States 
of America ("U.S. GAAP"). Preparation of these financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and judgments that 
affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. 
Estimates are based on historical experience, expected future cash flows and various other assumptions that are believed to be 
reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets 
and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates.

Note 2 to the Company's consolidated financial statements, included elsewhere in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, 
includes  a  summary  of  the  significant  accounting  policies  and  methods  used  in  the  preparation  of  the  consolidated  financial 
statements. The following is a discussion of the critical accounting policies and methods used by the Company.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net

Goodwill, which is not amortized, represents the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of identifiable 
net assets acquired in a business combination. We review goodwill for impairment indicators throughout the year and test for 
impairment annually in the fourth quarter. An entity can choose between two testing approaches:

a. Step 0 or Qualitative approach - An entity may assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than 
not (that is, a likelihood of more than 50 percent) that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including 
goodwill. In evaluating whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, an 
entity  shall  assess  relevant  events  and  circumstances.  Examples  of  such  events  and  circumstances  would  include  pertinent 
macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, overall financial performance and other factors.

An entity has an unconditional option to bypass this qualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any period and 
proceed directly to performing the first step of the goodwill impairment test. An entity may resume performing the qualitative 
assessment in any subsequent period.

b. Step 1 or Quantitative approach - The fair value of a reporting unit is calculated and compared with its carrying amount. 
There are several methods that may be used to estimate a reporting unit's fair value, including market quotations, asset and liability 
fair values and other valuation techniques, including, but not limited to, discounted projected future net earnings or net cash flows 
and multiples of earnings. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, there is no indication of impairment, 
and further testing is not required. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, then a second step of testing is 
required ("Step 2"). The second step of the goodwill impairment test compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill 
with the carrying amount of that goodwill.

For 2017, the Company utilized a qualitative approach for all of its reporting units to assess its goodwill as of its most 
recent assessment date. Based on this assessment, the Company does not believe that any of its reporting units are at risk of failing 
Step 1 of the goodwill impairment test. For 2016, the Company utilized a qualitative approach for all of its reporting units except 
for one reporting unit within its Diversified Industrial segment. As a result of the assessment, a goodwill impairment of $24,254 
was recorded in the year ended December 31, 2016. This impairment resulted from a decline in market conditions and lower 
demand for certain product lines of the performance materials business. In 2015, the Company utilized a quantitative approach, 
and recorded a goodwill impairment of approximately $19,571 in our Energy segment, resulting from the adverse effects of a 
decline in energy prices.

Other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized, while other intangible assets with finite lives are amortized 
over  their  estimated  useful  lives.  Intangible  assets  with  finite  lives  are  reviewed  for  impairment  when  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable (see "Long-Lived Asset Testing" below).

Intangible assets with indefinite lives, which are only within the Diversified Industrial segment, are tested for impairment 
at least annually, or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired. 
Companies can use the same two testing approaches for indefinite lived intangibles as for goodwill. For 2017, 2016, and 2015, 
the Company utilized a qualitative approach to assess its intangible assets with indefinite lives as of December 31, and the results 
indicated no impairment in any of these years.

35

 
 
 
 
Long-Lived Asset Testing

The  Company  estimates  the  depreciable  lives  of  property,  plant  and  equipment,  and  reviews  long-lived  assets  for 
impairment whenever events, or changes in circumstances, indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. 
If the carrying values of the long-lived assets exceed the sum of the undiscounted cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized 
in the amount by which the carrying values exceeds their fair values. The Company performs such assessments at the lowest level 
for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash flows of other assets and liabilities, which is generally at the 
plant level or the reporting unit level, depending on the level of interdependencies in the Company's operations.

The Company considers various factors in determining whether an impairment test is necessary, including among other 
things: a significant or prolonged deterioration in operating results and projected cash flows; significant changes in the extent or 
manner in which assets are used; technological advances with respect to assets which would potentially render them obsolete; the 
Company's strategy and capital planning; and the economic climate in the markets it serves. When estimating future cash flows 
and if necessary, fair value, the Company makes judgments as to the expected utilization of assets and estimated future cash flows 
related to those assets. The Company considers historical and anticipated future results, general economic and market conditions, 
the impact of planned business and operational strategies and other information available at the time the estimates are made. The 
Company believes these estimates are reasonable; however, changes in circumstances or conditions could have a significant impact 
on its estimates, which might result in material impairment charges in the future.

Pension and Other Post-Retirement Benefit Costs

Some of the Company's subsidiaries maintain qualified and non-qualified pension and other post-retirement benefit plans. 
The Company recorded pension expense of $5,169 for the year ended December 31, 2017, and, at December 31, 2017, the Company 
had recorded pension liabilities totaling $268,233. Pension benefits are generally based on years of service and the amount of 
compensation  earned  during  the  participants'  employment.  However,  the  qualified  pension  benefits  have  been  frozen  for  all 
participants.

The pension and other post-retirement benefit costs are developed from actuarial valuations. Inherent in these valuations 
are key assumptions, including discount and mortality rates and expected long-term rates of return on plan assets. Material changes 
in pension and other post-retirement benefit costs may occur in the future due to changes in these assumptions, changes in the 
number of plan participants, changes in the level of benefits provided, changes to the level of contributions to these plans and 
other factors.

Actuarial assumptions for its pension and other post-retirement benefit plans are determined each year to calculate liability 
information as of December 31, and pension and other post-retirement benefit expense or income for the following year. The 
discount rate assumption is derived from the rate of return on high-quality bonds.

The  various  pension  plan  assets  are  diversified  as  to  type  of  assets,  investment  strategies  employed  and  number  of 
investment managers used. Investments may include equities, fixed income, cash equivalents, convertible securities and private 
investment funds. Derivatives may be used as part of the investment strategy. The transfer of assets may be directed between 
investment managers in order to rebalance the portfolio in accordance with asset allocation guidelines established by the Company's 
subsidiaries. The private investment funds, or the investment funds they are invested in, own marketable and non-marketable 
securities and other investment instruments. Such investments are valued by the private investment funds, underlying investment 
managers  or  the  underlying  investment  funds  at  fair  value,  as  described  in  their  respective  financial  statements  and  offering 
memorandums. These values are utilized in quantifying the value of the assets of its pension plans, which are then used in the 
determination of the unfunded pension liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. Because of the inherent uncertainty 
of valuation of some of the pension plans' investments in private investment funds and the nature of some of the underlying 
investments held by the investment funds, the recorded value may differ from the value that would have been used had a ready 
market existed for some of these investments for which market quotations are not readily available. Management uses judgment 
to make assumptions on which its employee benefit liabilities and expenses are based. The effect of a 1% change in two key 
assumptions for the pension plans sponsored by the Company's subsidiaries would not be material to the Company.

Loans Receivable, Including Loans Held for Sale

WebBank's loan activities include several lending arrangements with companies where it originates private label credit 
card and other loans for consumers and small businesses. These loans are classified as Loans receivable and are typically sold 
after origination. As part of these arrangements, WebBank earns origination fees that are recorded in non-interest income. Fees 

36

 
 
 
earned from these lending arrangements are recorded as fee income. WebBank also purchases participations in commercial and 
industrial loans through loan syndications. Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future, or 
until maturity or pay-off, generally are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balances adjusted for charge-offs, the allowance 
for loan losses and any deferred fees or costs on originated loans. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan 
origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the related loan yield over 
the estimated life of the loan.

Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or estimated market value in the aggregate. A valuation allowance is 
recorded when cost exceeds fair value based on our determination at the time of reclassification and periodically thereafter. Gains 
and losses are recorded in noninterest income based on the difference between sales proceeds and carrying value and impairments 
from reductions in carrying value.

Loans are reported as past due when either principal or interest is due and unpaid for a period of 30 days or more. The 
accrual of interest on loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days delinquent unless the loan is well-secured and in process 
of collection. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged-off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is 
considered doubtful.

All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual or charged off is reversed against interest 
income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method until qualifying for return to accrual. 
Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future 
payments are reasonably assured.

Loan Impairment and Allowance for Loan Losses

A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that WebBank will be unable 
to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments. When 
a loan has been identified as being impaired, the amount of impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future 
cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate or, when appropriate, the loan's observable fair value or the fair value of 
the collateral (less any selling costs) if the loan is collateral-dependent. If the measurement of the impaired loan is less than the 
recorded investment in the loan (including accrued interest, net of deferred loan fees or costs and unamortized premium or discount), 
an impairment is recognized by creating or adjusting an existing allocation of the allowance for loan losses, or by charging down 
the loan to its value determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses 
charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when the uncollectability of a loan or receivable balance is 
confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a regular 
basis and is based upon a periodic review of the collectability of the amounts due in light of historical experience, the nature and 
volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower's ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying 
collateral and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible 
to significant revision as more information becomes available. The allowance consists of specific and general components. The 
specific component relates to loans that are classified as doubtful, substandard or loss. For such loans that are classified as impaired, 
an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan 
is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers non-classified loans and is based on historical loss 
experience and is adjusted for qualitative factors to cover uncertainties that could affect the estimate of probable losses. The 
allowance for loan losses is increased by charges to income and decreased by charge-offs (net of recoveries). The periodic evaluation 
of the adequacy of the allowance is based on WebBank's past loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse 
situations that may affect the debtor's ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral and current economic 
conditions.

Marketable Securities and Long-Term Investments

Marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and consist of short-term deposits, corporate debt and equity 
instruments, and mutual funds. The Company classifies its Marketable securities as current assets based on the nature of the 
securities and their availability for use in current operations. Long-term investments consist of available-for-sale securities and 
equity method investments. Held-to-maturity securities are classified in Other non-current assets. SPLP determines the appropriate 
classifications of its investments at the acquisition date and re-evaluates the classifications at each balance sheet date.

•  Available-for-sale  securities  are  reported  at  fair  value,  with  unrealized  gains  and  losses  recognized  in Accumulated  other 

comprehensive loss as a separate component of Partners' capital. 

37

•  Associated companies represent equity method investments in companies where our ownership is between 20% and 50% of 
the outstanding equity, and the Company has the ability to exercise influence, but not control, over the investee. For equity 
method investments where the fair value option has been elected, unrealized gains and losses are reported in the Company's 
consolidated statements of operations as part of Income (loss) of associated companies and other investments held at fair value. 
For the equity method investments where the fair value option has not been elected, SPLP records the investment at cost and 
subsequently increases or decreases the investment by its proportionate share of the net income or losses and other comprehensive 
income of the investee. 

•  Held-to-maturity securities are recorded at amortized cost, adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts. 

Dividend and interest income is recognized when earned. Realized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are 
included in earnings and are derived using the specific-identification method. Commission expense is recorded as a reduction of 
sales proceeds on investment sales. Commission expense on purchases is included in the cost of investments on the Company's 
consolidated balance sheets.

Other Than Temporary Impairment

If the Company believes a decline in the market value of any available-for-sale, equity method or held-to-maturity security 
below cost is other than temporary, a loss is charged to earnings, which establishes a new cost basis for the security. Impairment 
losses are included in Asset impairment charges in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. SPLP's determination 
of whether a security is other than temporarily impaired incorporates both quantitative and qualitative information. The Company 
considers a number of factors including, but not limited to, the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less 
than cost, the length of time expected for recovery, the financial condition of the issuer, the reason for the decline in fair value, 
changes in fair value subsequent to the balance sheet date, the ability and intent to hold investments to maturity, and other factors 
specific to the individual investment. Specifically, for held-to-maturity securities, the Company considers whether it plans to sell 
the security or it is more-likely-than-not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost. The credit 
component of an other-than-temporary impairment loss is recognized in earnings and the non-credit component is recognized in 
Accumulated other comprehensive loss in situations where the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is more likely-
than-not that the Company will not be required to sell the security prior to recovery. If there is an other-than-temporary impairment 
in the fair value of any individual security classified as held-to-maturity, the Company writes down the security to fair value with 
a  corresponding  credit  loss  portion  charged  to  earnings,  and  the  non-credit  portion  being  charged  to  Accumulated  other 
comprehensive loss. SPLP's assessment involves a high degree of judgment, and accordingly, actual results may differ materially 
from those estimates and judgments. Based on their respective balances as of December 31, 2017, we estimate that in the event 
of a 10% adverse change in the fair values of our marketable securities and long-term investments, the fair values would decrease 
by approximately $5,831 and $23,614, respectively. For additional information on other-than-temporary impairments recorded on 
available-for-sale securities, see Note 9 - "Investments" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this 
Form 10-K.

Income Taxes

As a limited partnership, we are generally not responsible for federal and state income taxes, and our profits and losses 
are passed directly to our limited partners for inclusion in their respective income tax returns. Our subsidiaries that are corporate 
subsidiaries are subject to federal and state income taxes. The table in Note 15 - "Income Taxes" to the SPLP consolidated financial 
statements, found elsewhere in this Form 10-K, reconciles a hypothetical calculation of federal income taxes based on the federal 
statutory rate applied to the income or loss from continuing operations before income taxes, equity method income (loss) and 
investments held at fair value. The tax effect of income passed through to common unitholders is subtracted from the hypothetical 
calculation.

Our subsidiaries that are subject to income taxes use the liability method of accounting for such taxes. Under the liability 
method, deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences 
between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss 
and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply 
to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred 
tax assets and deferred tax liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment 
date. Our subsidiaries and associated companies evaluate the recoverability of deferred tax assets and establish a valuation allowance 
when it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

With respect to the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, which was enacted in December 2017, the SEC has stated that a company 
may record provisional amounts during a measurement period for specific income tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act for 
which the accounting is incomplete, but a reasonable estimate can be determined. When unable to determine a reasonable estimate 
38

for any income tax effects, the company may report provisional amounts in the first reporting period in which a reasonable estimate 
can be determined. The Company has recorded an impact of the tax effects of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act, relying on reasonable 
estimates where the accounting is incomplete as of December 31, 2017. As guidance and technical corrections are issued in the 
upcoming quarters, the Company will record updates to its original provisional estimates if needed.

When tax returns are filed, it is highly certain that most positions taken would be sustained upon examination by the 
taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that 
would be ultimately sustained. The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the financial statements in the period during which, 
based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, 
including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. Tax positions taken are not offset or aggregated with other 
positions. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit 
that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. The portion of the benefits 
associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above is reflected as a liability for unrecognized 
tax benefits in the accompanying balance sheet, along with any associated interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing 
authorities upon examination.

Environmental Remediation

The facilities and operations of the Company's subsidiaries are subject to extensive environmental laws and regulations 
imposed by federal, state, foreign and local authorities relating to the protection of the environment. Accruals for losses associated 
with environmental remediation obligations are recorded when such losses are probable and reasonably estimable, which is a 
critical accounting estimate. Accruals for estimated losses from environmental remediation obligations generally are recognized 
no  later  than  completion  of  the  remedial  feasibility  study.  Such  accruals  are  adjusted  as  further  information  develops  or 
circumstances change. Costs of future expenditures for environmental remediation obligations are not discounted to their present 
value. Recoveries  of environmental remediation costs  from other  parties are  recorded as  assets  when  their receipt is  deemed 
probable. Reserves may not be adequate to cover the ultimate costs of remediation, including discovery of additional contaminants 
or the imposition of additional cleanup obligations, which could result in significant additional costs, unfavorably impacting the 
Company's financial position and results of operations.

New or Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

For a discussion of the Company's new or recently adopted accounting pronouncements, see Note 2 - "Summary of 

Significant Accounting Policies" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K .

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

In this "Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk" section, all dollar amounts are in thousands.

Market risk is the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in market rates and prices, such as interest rates, foreign currency 
exchange rates and commodity prices. Our significant market risks are primarily associated with interest rates, equity prices and, 
to a lesser extent, derivatives. The following sections address the significant market risks associated with our business activities.

SPLP's  quantitative  and  qualitative  disclosures  about  market  risk  include  forward-looking  statements  with  respect  to 
management's opinion about the risk associated with the Company's financial instruments. These statements are based on certain 
assumptions with respect to market prices, interest rates and other industry-specific risk factors. To the extent these assumptions 
prove to be inaccurate, future outcomes may differ materially from those discussed herein.

Risks Relating to Investments

The Company's investments are primarily classified as marketable securities or long-term investments and are primarily 
recorded on the Company's balance sheets at fair value. These investments are subject to equity price risk. The Company evaluates 
its investments for impairment on a quarterly basis. 

At  December 31,  2017,  marketable  securities  aggregated  approximately  $58,313,  which  includes  mutual  funds  and 
corporate equities that are reported at fair value. In addition, financial instrument obligations aggregated $15,629 at December 31, 
2017. A change in the equity price of these securities would result in a change in value of such securities in future periods. 

39

 
Included in the Company's Long-term investments are available-for-sale equity securities and certain associated company 

investments which are both subject to equity price risk.

•  The available-for-sale securities are recorded on the Company's balance sheets at an aggregate fair value of $141,694 (see Note 
9 - "Investments" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found elsewhere in this Form 10-K). A change in the price of 
these securities would result in a change in value of such securities in future periods and would impact our results in future 
periods.

•  The Company's associated company investments as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 include its investment in Aviat Networks, 
Inc. and in STCN. The Company has elected the fair value option for such investments. At December 31, 2017, the investments 
are carried at a total fair value of $55,443 (see Note 9 - "Investments" to the SPLP consolidated financial statements found 
elsewhere in this Form 10-K). A change in the equity price of our investment in these securities would result in a change in value 
of such securities and would impact our results in future periods.

Risks Relating to Interest Rates

The  fair  value  of  cash  and  cash  equivalents,  trade  and  other  receivables,  trade  payables  and  short-term  borrowings 
approximate their carrying values and are relatively insensitive to changes in interest rates due to the short-term maturities of these 
instruments or the variable nature of the associated interest rates.

Credit Facilities and Pension Obligations

At December 31, 2017, the Company's long-term debt obligations were comprised primarily of variable rate instruments. 
Accordingly, the fair value of such instruments may be relatively sensitive to effects of interest rate fluctuations. An increase or 
decrease in interest expense from a 1% change in interest rates would be approximately $4,100 on an annual basis based on total 
variable-interest  debt  outstanding  as  of  December 31,  2017.  In  addition,  the  fair  value  of  such  instruments  is  also  affected  by 
investors' assessments of the risks associated with industries in which the Company operates, as well as its overall creditworthiness 
and ability to satisfy such obligations upon their maturity. 

A reduction in long-term interest rates could materially increase the Company's cash funding obligations to its pension 

and other post-retirement benefit plans.

WebBank

WebBank derives a portion of its income from the excess of interest collected over interest paid. The rates of interest 
WebBank earns on assets and pays on liabilities generally are established contractually for a period of time. Market interest rates 
change over time. Accordingly, WebBank's results of operations, like those of most financial institutions, are impacted by changes 
in interest rates and the interest rate sensitivity of its assets and liabilities. 

WebBank monitors and measures its exposure to changes in interest rates in order to comply with applicable government 
regulations and risk policies established by WebBank's board of directors and in order to preserve shareholder value. In monitoring 
interest rate risk, WebBank analyzes assets and liabilities based on characteristics including size, coupon rate, repricing frequency, 
maturity date and likelihood of prepayment.

WebBank currently focuses held-to-maturity lending efforts toward originating competitively priced adjustable-rate or 
fixed-rate loan products with short to intermediate terms to maturity, generally 7 years or less. This theoretically allows WebBank 
to maintain a portfolio of loans that will have relatively little sensitivity to changes in the level of interest rates, while providing a 
reasonable spread over the cost of liabilities used to fund the loans.

The principal objective of WebBank's asset/liability management is to manage the sensitivity of Market Value of Equity 
("MVE")  to  changing  interest  rates. Asset/liability  management  is  governed  by  policies  reviewed  and  approved  annually  by 
WebBank's board of directors. WebBank's board of directors has delegated the responsibility to oversee the administration of these 
policies  to WebBank's  asset/liability committee,  or  "ALCO." The  interest  rate  risk  strategy  currently deployed  by ALCO  is  to 
primarily use "natural" balance sheet hedging (as opposed to derivative hedging). ALCO fine tunes the overall MVE sensitivity by 
recommending lending and deposit strategies. WebBank then executes the recommended strategy by increasing or decreasing the 
duration of the loan and deposit products, resulting in the appropriate level of market risk that WebBank's board of directors wants 
to maintain.

40

WebBank measures interest rate sensitivity as the difference between amounts of interest earning assets and interest bearing 
liabilities that mature or reprice within a given period of time. The difference provides an indication of the extent to which an 
institution's interest rate spread will be affected by changes in interest rates. If the amount of interest rate sensitive assets exceeds 
the amount of interest rate sensitive liabilities, then the bank is considered to be asset sensitive. If the amount of interest rate sensitive 
liabilities exceeds the amount of interest rate sensitive assets, then the bank is considered to be liability sensitive. In a rising interest 
rate environment, an institution that is asset sensitive would be in a better position than an institution that is liability sensitive because 
the yield on its assets would increase at a faster pace than the cost of its interest bearing liabilities. During a period of falling interest 
rates, however, an institution that is asset sensitive would tend to have its assets reprice at a faster rate than its liabilities, which 
would tend to reduce the growth in its net interest income. The opposite is true if the institution is liability sensitive.

WebBank's board of directors and relevant government regulations establish limits on the level of acceptable interest rate 
risk at WebBank to which management adheres. There can be no assurance, however, that, in the event of an adverse change in 
interest rates, WebBank's efforts to limit interest rate risk will be successful.

Risks Relating to Commodity Prices

In the normal course of business, our operations are exposed to market risk or price fluctuations related to the purchase of 
electricity, natural gas, fuel and petroleum-based commodities, including adhesives, and other products, such as yarns, precious 
metals, electronic and electrical components, steel products and certain non-ferrous metals used as raw materials. The Company is 
also exposed to the effects of price fluctuations on the value of its commodity inventories, in particular, its precious metal inventory. 
The raw materials and energy which we use are largely commodities, subject to price volatility caused by changes in global supply 
and demand and governmental controls.

The Company's market risk strategy has generally been to obtain competitive prices for its products and services, sourced 
from more than one vendor, and allow operating results to reflect market price movements dictated by supply and demand. The 
Company enters into commodity futures and forward contracts to mitigate the impact of price fluctuations on its precious and certain 
non-precious metal inventories that are not subject to fixed price contracts. The Company's hedging strategy is designed to protect 
it  against  normal  volatility;  therefore,  abnormal  price  changes  in  these  commodities  or  markets  could  negatively  impact  the 
Company's earnings. Certain of these derivatives are not designated as accounting hedges under Accounting Standards Codification 
Subtopic  815-10,  Derivatives  and  Hedging. As  of  December 31,  2017,  the  Company  had  entered  into  forward  contracts,  with 
settlement dates through January 2018, for silver with a total value of $2,300, for gold with a total value of $1,000, for copper with 
a total value of $900 and for tin with a total value of $500. There were no futures contracts outstanding at December 31, 2017.

To the extent that we have not mitigated our exposure to rising raw material and energy prices, we may not be able to 
increase our prices to our customers to offset such potential raw material or energy price increases, which could have a material 
adverse effect on our results of operations and operating cash flows.

Risks Relating to Foreign Currency Exchange 

The Company, primarily through its Diversified Industrial segment subsidiaries, manufactures and sells its products in a 
number  of  countries  throughout  the  world  and,  as  a  result,  is  exposed  to  movements  in  foreign  currency  exchange  rates. The 
Company's major foreign currency exposures involve the markets in Asia, Europe, Canada and Mexico. The Company is subject 
to the risk of price fluctuations related to anticipated revenues and operating costs, firm commitments for capital expenditures and 
existing assets or liabilities denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. The Company has not generally used derivative 
instruments to manage these specific risks; however, API enters into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge certain of its 
receivables and payables denominated in other currencies. In addition, API enters into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge 
the value of certain of its future sales denominated in Euros and the value of certain of its future purchases denominated in U.S. 
dollars.

41

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Financial Statements:

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Capital for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

Page

43

45

46

47

48

49

50

42

 
 
 
 
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Unitholders
Steel Partners Holdings L.P.
New York, New York

Opinion on the Consolidated Financial Statements

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Steel Partners Holdings L.P. (the "Company") and subsidiaries 
as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the related consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), changes in 
capital, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes (collectively referred 
to as the "consolidated financial statements"). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material 
respects, the financial position of the Company and subsidiaries at December 31, 2017 and 2016, and the results of their operations 
and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2017, in conformity with accounting principles 
generally accepted in the United States of America.

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States) 
("PCAOB"), the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on criteria established in 
Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission 
("COSO") and our report dated March 8, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

Basis for Opinion

These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an 
opinion on the Company's consolidated financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with 
the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws 
and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the 
audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether 
due to error or fraud.

Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, 
whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a 
test  basis,  evidence  regarding  the  amounts  and  disclosures  in  the  consolidated  financial  statements.  Our  audits  also  included 
evaluating  the  accounting  principles  used  and  significant  estimates  made  by  management,  as  well  as  evaluating  the  overall 
presentation of the consolidated financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

/s/ BDO USA, LLP

We have served as the Company's auditor since 2013.

New York, New York
March 8, 2018

43

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

Board of Directors and Unitholders
Steel Partners Holdings L.P.
New York, New York

Opinion on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

We have audited Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s (the "Company's") internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, 
based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations 
of the Treadway Commission (the "COSO criteria"). In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective 
internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, based on the COSO criteria.

We  also  have  audited,  in  accordance  with  the  standards  of  the  Public  Company Accounting  Oversight  Board  (United  States) 
("PCAOB"), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, the related 
consolidated statements of operations, comprehensive income (loss), changes in capital, and cash flows for each of the three years 
in the period ended December 31, 2017, and the related notes and our report dated March 8, 2018 expressed an unqualified opinion 
thereon.

Basis for Opinion

The Company's management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment 
of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying "Item 9A, Management's Report on 
Internal Control over Financial Reporting". Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company's internal control over 
financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent 
with respect to the Company in accordance with U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities 
and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.

We conducted our audit of internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards 
require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial 
reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial 
reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of 
internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary 
in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting

A company's internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability 
of  financial  reporting  and  the  preparation  of  financial  statements  for  external  purposes  in  accordance  with  generally  accepted 
accounting principles. A company's internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain 
to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets 
of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial 
statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are 
being  made  only  in  accordance  with  authorizations  of  management  and  directors  of  the  company;  and  (3)  provide  reasonable 
assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company's assets that 
could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections 
of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes 
in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. 

/s/ BDO USA, LLP

New York, New York
March 8, 2018

44

STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P.
Consolidated Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except common units)

ASSETS

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

Restricted cash

Marketable securities

Trade and other receivables - net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $3,633 and $3,040, respectively

Receivables from related parties

Loans receivable, including loans held for sale of $136,773 and $80,692, respectively, net

Inventories, net

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Assets held for sale

Total current assets

Long-term loans receivable, net

Goodwill

Other intangible assets, net

Deferred tax assets

Other non-current assets

Property, plant and equipment, net

Long-term investments

Total Assets
LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL

Current liabilities:

Accounts payable

Accrued liabilities

Financial instruments

Deposits

Payables to related parties

Short-term debt

Current portion of long-term debt

Other current liabilities

Liabilities of discontinued operations

Total current liabilities

Long-term deposits

Long-term debt

Preferred unit liability

Accrued pension liabilities

Deferred tax liabilities

Other non-current liabilities

Total Liabilities

Commitments and Contingencies

Capital:

Partners' capital common units: 26,348,420 and 26,152,976 issued and outstanding (after deducting

10,868,367 and 10,558,687 units held in treasury, at cost of $170,858 and $164,900), respectively

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total Partners' Capital

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities

Total Capital

Total Liabilities and Capital

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$

418,755

$

15,629

58,313

188,487

355

182,242

142,635

19,597

2,549

1,028,562

87,826

170,115

199,317

109,011

61,074

271,991

236,144

450,128

12,640

53,650

162,883

328

91,260

119,205

17,638

7,779

915,511

62,188

167,423

227,212

182,605

30,698

261,412

120,066

$

$

2,164,040

$

1,967,115

105,221

$

74,118

15,629

305,207

1,563

1,624

459

10,602

450

514,873

205,793

412,584

176,512

268,233

3,007

16,002

89,308

81,509

12,640

196,944

1,066

1,385

62,928

19,536

450

465,766

168,661

330,126

—

284,901

3,729

9,674

1,597,004

1,262,857

652,270

(106,167)

546,103

20,933

567,036

617,502

(68,761)
548,741

155,517

704,258

$

2,164,040

$

1,967,115

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

45

STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P.
Consolidated Statements of Operations
(in thousands, except common units and per common unit data)

Revenue:

Diversified industrial net sales

Energy net revenue

Financial services revenue

Total revenue

Costs and expenses:

Cost of goods sold

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Goodwill impairment charges

Asset impairment charges

Finance interest expense

Provision for (recovery of) loan losses

Interest expense

Realized and unrealized loss (gain) on derivatives

Other expense (income), net

Total costs and expenses

Income from continuing operations before income taxes, equity method income (loss) and other

investments held at fair value

Income tax provision (benefit)

(Income) loss of associated companies and other investments held at fair value, net of taxes

Net income from continuing operations

Discontinued operations:

Income from discontinued operations, net of taxes

Gain on sale of discontinued operations, net of taxes

Income from discontinued operations

Net income

Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities:

Continuing operations

Discontinued operations

Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities

Net (loss) income attributable to common unitholders

Net (loss) income per common unit - basic

Net (loss) income from continuing operations

Net income from discontinued operations

Net (loss) income attributable to common unitholders

Net (loss) income per common unit - diluted

Net (loss) income from continuing operations

Net income from discontinued operations

Net (loss) income attributable to common unitholders

Weighted-average number of common units outstanding - basic

Weighted-average number of common units outstanding - diluted

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

1,156,187

$

998,556

$

135,461

80,379

93,995

70,998

1,372,027

1,163,549

958,490

337,719

—

2,028

4,685

5,639

22,804

145

94

815,576

282,298

24,254

17,259

2,595

774

11,052

(148)

(12,549)

1,331,604

1,141,111

40,423

51,299

(16,888)

6,012

—

—

—

6,012

(6,028)

—

(6,028)

(16) $

— $

—

— $

— $

—

— $

$

$

$

$

$

22,438

23,952

(4,085)

2,571

—

—

—

2,571

4,059

—

4,059

6,630

0.25

—

0.25

0.25

—

0.25

$

$

$

$

$

763,009

132,620

69,430

965,059

670,047

230,199

19,571

68,092

1,450
(50)
8,862
(588)
(55,893)
941,690

23,369

(78,719)
31,777

70,311

565

85,692

86,257

156,568

10,875
(30,708)
(19,833)
136,735

2.97

2.03

5.00

2.96

2.02

4.98

26,053,098

26,053,098

26,353,714

26,486,209

27,317,974

27,442,308

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

46

STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P.
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in thousands)

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

Gross unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities
Reclassification of unrealized losses (gains) on available-for-sale securities (a)
Gross unrealized gains (losses) on derivative financial instruments

Currency translation adjustments

Changes in pension liabilities and other post-retirement benefit obligations

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common unitholders

Tax provision (benefit) on gross unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities

Tax provision (benefit) on reclassification of unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities

Tax (benefit) provision on currency translation adjustments

Tax benefit on changes in pension liabilities and other post-retirement benefit obligations

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

6,012

$

2,571

$

156,568

27,689

908

624

5,444

(6,452)

28,213

34,225

(8,300)

25,925

33,624

329

$

$

$

(249) $

13,413

(62)

(1,158)

(11,431)

(18,813)

(18,051)

(15,480)

7,617

(7,863) $

1,757

$

(36) $

113

$

(2,346) $

(6,676) $

(31,321)
4,932
(1,757)
(3,950)
(25,839)
(57,935)
98,633
(17,032)
81,601

(17,514)
19,416
(235)
(15,429)

$

$

$

$

$

(a)  For the year ended December 31, 2017, pre-tax net unrealized holding gains of $790 and losses of $2,028 were reclassified to Other expense (income), net and 
Asset impairment charges, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2016, pre-tax net unrealized holding gains of $4,298 and losses of $4,200 were 
reclassified to Other expense (income), net and Asset impairment charges, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2015, pre-tax net unrealized holding 
losses of $54,011 were reclassified to Other expense (income), net and Asset impairment charges, and unrealized holding gains of $29,663 were reclassified to 
Other expense (income), net. 

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

47

STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P.
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Capital
(in thousands, except common units and treasury units)

Steel Partners Holdings L.P. Common Unitholders

Common

Treasury Units

Partners'

Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive

Units

Units

Dollars

Capital

Income (Loss)

Total
Partners'

Capital

Noncontrolling
Interests in
Consolidated

Entities

Total

Capital

Balance at December 31, 2014

36,530,249

(8,964,049)

$ (138,363)

$

492,054

$

2,805

$

494,859

$

169,247

$

664,106

Net income

Unrealized (loss) gain on available-

for-sale securities

Unrealized losses on derivative

financial instruments

Currency translation adjustments

Changes in pension liabilities and

post-retirement benefit
obligations

Acquisition of CoSine

Units issued and vesting of

restricted units

Equity compensation - subsidiaries

Subsidiaries' purchases of the
Company's common units

Purchases of SPLP common units

Subsidiaries' purchases of their

common stock

Purchases of subsidiary shares from

noncontrolling interests

Other, net

—

—

—

—

—

—

157,664

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(983,175)

(108,000)

(17,323)

(1,917)

—

—

—

—

—

—

136,735

—

136,735

19,833

156,568

—

—

—

—

—

2,281

4,628

(17,323)

(1,917)

(7,885)

3,583

146

(32,487)

(32,487)

6,098

(26,389)

(1,415)

(2,966)

(1,415)

(2,966)

(342)

(984)

(1,757)

(3,950)

(18,266)

(18,266)

—

—

—

—

—

—

(1,939)

—

—

2,281

4,628

(17,323)

(1,917)

(7,885)

1,644

146

(7,573)

12,841

(25,839)

12,841

—

2,531

—

—

2,281

7,159

(17,323)

(1,917)

(17,703)

(25,588)

(1,737)

117

(93)

263

Balance at December 31, 2015

36,687,913

(10,055,224)

(157,603)

612,302

(54,268)

558,034

182,328

740,362

Net income (loss)

Dividends declared

Unrealized gains on available-for-

sale securities

Unrealized losses on derivative

financial instruments

Currency translation adjustments

Changes in pension liabilities and

post-retirement benefit
obligations

Equity compensation - restricted

units

Equity compensation - subsidiaries

Purchases of SPLP common units

Subsidiaries' purchases of their

common stock

Other, net

—

—

—

—

—

—

23,750

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(503,463)

(7,297)

—

—

—

—

6,630

(3,923)

—

—

—

—

375

1,949

(7,297)

13,573

(6,107)

—

—

6,630

(3,923)

(4,059)

—

2,571

(3,923)

11,877

11,877

1,474

13,351

(1,055)

(9,952)

(1,055)

(9,952)

(103)

(1,479)

(1,158)

(11,431)

(15,363)

(15,363)

(3,450)

(18,813)

—

—

—

—

—

375

1,949

(7,297)

13,573

(6,107)

—

1,067

—

375

3,016

(7,297)

(25,972)

(12,399)

5,711

(396)

155,517

704,258

Balance at December 31, 2016

36,711,663

(10,558,687)

(164,900)

617,502

(68,761)

548,741

Net (loss) income

Unrealized gains on available-for-

sale securities

Unrealized gains on derivative

financial instruments

Currency translation adjustments

Changes in pension liabilities and

post-retirement benefit
obligations

Equity compensation - incentive
units and vesting of restricted
units

Equity compensation - subsidiaries

Purchases of SPLP common units

Purchases of subsidiary shares from 

noncontrolling interests

Other, net

—

—

—

—

—

505,124

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

(16)

—

—

—

—

9,635

580

(309,680)

(5,958)

(5,958)

—

(16)

6,028

6,012

27,786

27,786

569

4,512

569

4,512

(6,926)

(6,926)

—

—

—

9,635

580

(5,958)

811

55

932

474

—

317

—

28,597

624

5,444

(6,452)

9,635

897

(5,958)

—

—

—

—

30,736

(209)

(63,347)

(32,611)

(144,476)

(177,087)

—

(209)

1,275

1,066

Balance at December 31, 2017

37,216,787

(10,868,367)

$ (170,858)

$

652,270

$

(106,167)

$

546,103

$

20,933

$

567,036

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

48

STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P.
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income
Net income from discontinued operations
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:

Net investment gains
Provision for (recovery of) loan losses
(Income) loss of associated companies and other investments held at fair value, net of taxes
Deferred income taxes
Income tax benefit from release of deferred tax valuation allowance
Depreciation and amortization
Equity-based compensation
Loss on extinguishment of debt
Goodwill impairment charges
Asset impairment charges
Other

Net change in operating assets and liabilities:

Trade and other receivables
Inventories
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Accounts payable, accrued and other current liabilities
Net (increase) decrease in loans held for sale

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities of continuing operations
Net cash used in operating activities of discontinued operations

Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchases of investments
Proceeds from sales of investments
Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities
Loan originations, net of collections
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
Reclassification of restricted cash
Proceeds from sale of assets
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
Investments in associated companies
Proceeds from sales of discontinued operations
Net cash provided by investing activities of discontinued operations
Other

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

Cash flows from financing activities:
Net revolver borrowings (repayments)
Net repayments of term loans - domestic
Proceeds from term loans
Net (repayments) borrowings of term loans - foreign
Subsidiaries' purchases of the Company's common units
Proceeds from equipment lease financing
Purchases of the Company's common units
Subsidiaries' purchases of their common stock
Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interests
Deferred finance charges
Common unit dividend payment
Net increase in deposits
Other

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Net change for the period

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

Year Ended December 31,
2016

2015

2017

$

$

6,012
—

$

2,571
—

156,568
(86,257)

—
5,639
(16,888)
86,928
(48,598)
71,936
11,477
673
—
2,028
4,990

(22,842)
(21,683)
(4,621)
(34,740)
(56,081)
(15,770)
—
(15,770)

(56,160)
10,978
18,492
(93,390)
(54,737)
(2,989)
42,204
(2,008)
(35,000)
—
—
(7)
(172,617)

67,864
(47,993)
—
(979)
—
6,688
(5,188)
—
(2,086)
(5,663)
(3,923)
145,395
1,774
155,889
(32,498)
1,125
450,128
418,755

$

—
774
(4,085)
13,059
(1,327)
70,546
3,844
—
24,254
18,668
(4,052)

(11,747)
7,676
(8,246)
4,642
78,900
195,477
—
195,477

(27,503)
83,457
5,687
(26,895)
(34,183)
8,999
32,247
(200,137)
(2,440)
—
—
266
(160,502)

146,648
(8,299)
9,217
(315)
—
—
(7,297)
(20,956)
—
(747)
—
113,432
(1,112)
230,571
265,546
(1,270)
185,852
450,128

$

(32,267)
(50)
31,777
8,259
(111,881)
48,560
9,203
—
19,571
68,092
(11,899)

17,167
12,534
(666)
(21,591)
(118,706)
(11,586)
(2,254)
(13,840)

(44,304)
86,559
368
2,168
(23,252)
66
10,657
(116,135)
(7,607)
155,517
25
477
64,539

(66,368)
(38,519)
4,566
240
(17,323)
—
(1,917)
(17,031)
(93)
(477)
—
87,312
(3,495)
(53,105)
(2,406)
(725)
188,983
185,852

$

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

49

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 

All amounts used in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are in thousands, except common and preferred units, per 
common unit, share and per share data.

1. NATURE OF THE BUSINESS AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION

Nature of the Business

Steel Partners Holdings L.P. ("SPLP" or "Company") is a diversified global holding company that engages in multiple 
businesses through consolidated subsidiaries and other interests. It owns and operates businesses and has significant interests in 
companies in various industries, including diversified industrial products, energy, defense, supply chain management and logistics, 
banking and youth sports.

The  Company  works  with  its  businesses  to  increase  corporate  value  for  all  stakeholders  by  utilizing  Steel  Partners 
Operational  Excellence  programs,  the  Steel  Partners  Purchasing  Council,  Steel  Partners  Corporate  Services,  balance  sheet 
improvements, capital allocation policies and growth initiatives. All of the Company's programs are focused on helping SPLP 
companies strengthen their competitive advantage and increase their profitability, while enabling them to achieve operational 
excellence and enhanced customer satisfaction.

Steel Partners Holdings GP Inc. ("SPH GP"), a Delaware corporation, is the general partner of SPLP and is wholly-owned 
by SPLP. The Company is managed by SP General Services LLC ("Manager"), pursuant to the terms of an amended and restated 
management agreement ("Management Agreement") discussed in further detail in Note 19 - "Related Party Transactions."

Basis of Presentation

Significant inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Certain prior period amounts 
in the Company's consolidated statements of cash flows have been reclassified to conform to the comparable 2017 presentation.

During 2015, one of the Company's subsidiaries, Steel Excel Inc. ("Steel Excel"), identified an error related to the manner 
in which the provision for income taxes had reflected the tax effects related to unrealized gains and losses on available for sale 
securities during 2014 and 2013. As a result, the Company recorded an adjustment to correct the error in the first quarter of 2015 
to its tax provision of approximately $3,500, which is included in the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the 
year ended December 31, 2015.

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority or wholly-owned subsidiaries, 

which include the following:

BNS Holdings Liquidating Trust ("BNS Liquidating Trust")

DGT Holdings Corp. ("DGT")
Handy & Harman Ltd. ("HNH") (a)
Steel Services Ltd ("Steel Services")
Steel Excel (a)
WebFinancial Holding Corporation ("WFHC") (b)

Ownership as of December 31,

2017

2016

84.9%

100.0%

100.0%

100.0%

100.0%

91.2%

84.9%

100.0%

69.9%

100.0%

64.2%

91.2%

(a)  During 2017, the Company completed tender offers to purchase all of the outstanding shares of common stock of HNH and Steel Excel not 
already owned by the Company or any of its affiliates. As a result, the Company owns 100% of the stock of HNH and Steel Excel as of 
December 31, 2017. See Note 14 - "Capital and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss" for additional information.

(b) WFHC owns 100% of WebBank and 100% of WebFinancial Holding LLC ("WFH LLC") (formerly known as CoSine Communications, Inc. 

("CoSine")), which operates through its subsidiary API Group plc ("API"). 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Use of Estimates in Preparation of Consolidated Financial Statements

The  Company's  consolidated  financial  statements  are  prepared  in  accordance  with  accounting  principles  generally 
accepted in the United States of America ("U.S. GAAP"). The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity 
with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amount of assets and liabilities 

50

 
 
 
at the date of the financial statements and the reported amount of revenues, expenses, unrealized gains and losses during the 
reporting period. The more significant estimates include: (1) the valuation allowances of accounts receivable, loans receivable and 
inventory; (2) the valuation of goodwill, indefinite-lived intangible assets, long-lived assets and associated companies; (3) deferred 
tax assets; (4) effect of the recently-enacted Tax Cuts and Jobs Act; (5) environmental liabilities; (6) fair value of derivatives; (7) 
post-employment benefit liabilities; (8) estimates and assumptions used in the determination of fair value of certain securities, 
such as whether declines in value of securities are other than temporary; and (9) estimates of loan losses. Actual results may differ 
from the estimates used in preparing the consolidated financial statements; and, due to substantial holdings in and/or restrictions 
on certain investments, the value that may be realized could differ from the estimated fair value.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents include cash and deposits in depository institutions, financial institutions and banks. Cash at 
December 31, 2017 and 2016 also includes $286,454 and $277,054, respectively, of WebBank cash at the Federal Reserve Bank 
and  in  its  Federal  Funds  account  at  its  correspondent  banks. The  Company  considers  all  highly  liquid  debt  instruments  with 
maturities of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash and cash equivalents include qualifying money 
market  funds  and  exclude  amounts  where  availability  is  restricted  by  loan  agreements  or  other  contractual  provisions.  Cash 
equivalents are stated at cost, which approximates market value. There is a significant concentration of cash that, during the periods 
presented, exceeded the federal deposit insurance limits and exposed the Company to credit risk. SPLP does not anticipate any 
losses due to this concentration of cash at December 31, 2017.

Restricted Cash

Restricted cash at December 31, 2017 and 2016 primarily represents cash collateral for certain short sales of corporate 

securities (see Note 12 - "Financial Instruments" for additional information).

Marketable Securities and Long-Term Investments

Marketable securities are classified as available-for-sale and consist of short-term deposits, corporate debt and equity 
instruments,  and  mutual  funds. The  Company  classifies  its  marketable  securities  as  current  assets  based  on  the  nature  of  the 
securities and their availability for use in current operations. Long-term investments consist of available-for-sale securities and 
equity method investments. Held-to-maturity securities are classified in Other non-current assets. SPLP determines the appropriate 
classifications of its investments at the acquisition date and re-evaluates the classifications at each balance sheet date.

•  Available-for-sale  securities  are  reported  at  fair  value,  with  unrealized  gains  and  losses  recognized  in Accumulated  other 

comprehensive loss ("AOCI") as a separate component of SPLP's Partners' capital. 

•  Associated companies represent equity method investments in companies where our ownership is between 20% and 50% of 
the outstanding equity and the Company has the ability to exercise influence, but not control, over the investee. For equity 
method investments where the fair value option has been elected, unrealized gains and losses are reported in the Company's 
consolidated statements of operations as part of Income (loss) of associated companies and other investments held at fair value. 
For the equity method investments where the fair value option has not been elected, SPLP records the investment at cost and 
subsequently increases or decreases the investment by its proportionate share of the net income or losses and other comprehensive 
income of the investee.

•  Held-to-maturity securities are recorded at amortized cost, adjusted for the amortization or accretion of premiums or discounts.

Dividend and interest income is recognized when earned. Realized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are 
included in earnings and are derived using the specific-identification method. Commission expense is recorded as a reduction of 
sales proceeds on investment sales. Commission expense on purchases is included in the cost of investments on the Company's 
consolidated balance sheets.

Other Than Temporary Impairment

If the Company believes a decline in the market value of any available-for-sale, equity method or held-to-maturity security 
below cost is other than temporary, a loss is charged to earnings, which establishes a new cost basis for the security. Impairment 
losses are included in Asset impairment charges in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. SPLP's determination 
of whether a security is other than temporarily impaired incorporates both quantitative and qualitative information. The Company 
considers a number of factors including, but not limited to, the length of time and the extent to which the fair value has been less 
than cost, the length of time expected for recovery, the financial condition of the issuer, the reason for the decline in fair value, 

51

changes in fair value subsequent to the balance sheet date, the ability and intent to hold investments to maturity, and other factors 
specific to the individual investment.

Specifically, for held-to-maturity securities, the Company considers whether it plans to sell the security or it is more-
likely-than-not that it will be required to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost. The credit component of an other-
than-temporary impairment loss is recognized in earnings and the non-credit component is recognized in AOCI in situations where 
the Company does not intend to sell the security and it is more likely-than-not that the Company will not be required to sell the 
security prior to recovery. If there is an other-than-temporary impairment in the fair value of any individual security classified as 
held-to-maturity, the Company writes down the security to fair value with a corresponding credit loss portion charged to earnings, 
and the non-credit portion being charged to AOCI. SPLP's assessment involves a high degree of judgment and accordingly, actual 
results may differ materially from those estimates and judgments.

Trade Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

The  Company  recognizes  bad  debt  expense  through  an  allowance  account  using  estimates  based  primarily  on 
management's evaluation of the financial condition of the customer, historical experience, credit quality, whether any amounts are 
currently  past  due,  the  length  of  time  accounts  may  be  past  due,  previous  loss  history  and  management's  determination  of  a 
customer's current ability to pay its obligations. Trade accounts receivable balances are charged off against the allowance when it 
is determined that the receivables will not be recovered, and payments subsequently received on such receivables are credited to 
recovery of accounts written off. The Company believes that the credit risk with respect to trade accounts receivable is limited 
due to this credit evaluation process. As of December 31, 2017, the top 10 of the Company's largest customer balances accounted 
for 19% of the Company's trade receivables.

Loans Receivable, Including Loans Held for Sale

WebBank's loan activities include several lending arrangements with companies where it originates private label credit 
card and other loans for consumers and small businesses. These loans are classified as Loans receivable and are typically sold 
after origination. As part of these arrangements, WebBank earns origination fees that are recorded in non-interest income. Fees 
earned from these lending arrangements are recorded as fee income. WebBank also purchases participations in commercial and 
industrial loans through loan syndications. Loans that management has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or 
until maturity or pay-off generally are reported at their outstanding unpaid principal balances adjusted for charge-offs, the allowance 
for loan losses, and any deferred fees or costs on originated loans. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance. Loan 
origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the related loan yield over 
the estimated life of the loan.

Loans held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or estimated market value in the aggregate. A valuation allowance is 
recorded when cost exceeds fair value based on our determination at the time of reclassification and periodically thereafter. Gains 
and losses are recorded in noninterest income based on the difference between sales proceeds and carrying value and impairments 
from reductions in carrying value.

Loans are reported as past due when either principal or interest is due and unpaid for a period of 30 days or more. The 
accrual of interest on loans is discontinued at the time the loan is 90 days delinquent unless the loan is well-secured and in process 
of collection. In all cases, loans are placed on nonaccrual or charged-off at an earlier date if collection of principal or interest is 
considered doubtful.

All interest accrued but not collected for loans that are placed on nonaccrual or charged off is reversed against interest 
income. The interest on these loans is accounted for on the cash-basis or cost-recovery method, until qualifying for return to accrual. 
Loans are returned to accrual status when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future 
payments are reasonably assured.

Loan Impairment and Allowance for Loan Losses

A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that WebBank will be unable 
to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments. When 
a loan has been identified as being impaired, the amount of impairment is measured based on the present value of expected future 
cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate or, when appropriate, the loan's observable fair value or the fair value of 
the collateral (less any selling costs) if the loan is collateral-dependent. If the measurement of the impaired loan is less than the 
recorded investment in the loan (including accrued interest, net of deferred loan fees or costs and unamortized premium or discount), 

52

an impairment is recognized by creating or adjusting an existing allocation of the allowance for loan losses, or by charging down 
the loan to its value determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

The allowance for loan losses is established as losses are estimated to have occurred through a provision for loan losses 
charged to earnings. Loan losses are charged against the allowance when the uncollectability of a loan or receivable balance is 
confirmed. Subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. The allowance for loan losses is evaluated on a regular 
basis and is based upon a periodic review of the collectability of the amounts due in light of historical experience, the nature and 
volume of the loan portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower's ability to repay, estimated value of any underlying 
collateral and prevailing economic conditions. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires estimates that are susceptible 
to significant revision as more information becomes available. The allowance consists of specific and general components. The 
specific component relates to loans that are classified as doubtful, substandard, or loss. For such loans that are classified as impaired, 
an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan 
is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers non-classified loans and is based on historical loss 
experience and is adjusted for qualitative factors to cover uncertainties that could affect the estimate of probable losses. The 
allowance for loan losses is increased by charges to income and decreased by charge-offs (net of recoveries). The periodic evaluation 
of the adequacy of the allowance is based on WebBank's past loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse 
situations that may affect the debtor's ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral and current economic 
conditions.

Inventories

Inventories are generally stated at the lower of cost (determined by the first-in, first-out method or average cost method) 
or market. Cost is determined by the last-in, first-out ("LIFO") method for certain precious metal inventory held in the U.S., and 
remaining precious metal inventory is primarily carried at fair value. For precious metal inventory, no segregation among raw 
materials, work in process and finished products is practicable. For other inventory, the cost of work in process and finished goods 
comprises the cost of raw materials, direct labor and overhead costs attributable to the production of inventory.

Non-precious metal inventories are evaluated for estimated excess and obsolescence based upon assumptions about future 
demand and market conditions, and are adjusted accordingly. If actual market conditions are less favorable than those projected, 
future write-downs may be required.

Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net

Goodwill, which is not amortized, represents the difference between the purchase price and the fair value of identifiable 
net assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is reviewed for impairment indicators throughout the year and tested for 
impairment annually in the fourth quarter. An entity can choose between two testing approaches:

a. Step 0 or Qualitative approach - An entity may assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than 
not (that is, a likelihood of more than 50 percent) that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, including 
goodwill. In evaluating whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, an 
entity  should  assess  relevant  events  and  circumstances.  Examples  of  such  events  and  circumstances  would  include  pertinent 
macroeconomic conditions, industry and market considerations, overall financial performance and other factors.

An entity has an unconditional option to bypass this qualitative assessment for any reporting unit in any period and proceed 
directly to performing the first step of the goodwill impairment test. An entity may resume performing the qualitative assessment 
in any subsequent period.

b. Step 1 or Quantitative approach - The fair value of a reporting unit is calculated and compared with its carrying amount. 
There are several methods that may be used to estimate a reporting unit's fair value, including market quotations, asset and liability 
fair values and other valuation techniques, including, but not limited to, discounted projected future net earnings or net cash flows 
and multiples of earnings. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, there is no indication of impairment 
and further testing is not required. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, then a second step of testing is 
required ("Step 2"). The second step of the goodwill impairment test compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill 
with the carrying amount of that goodwill.

For 2017, the Company utilized a qualitative approach for all of its reporting units to assess goodwill as of its most recent 
assessment date, and there were no goodwill impairment charges recorded as a result of the assessment. For 2016, the Company 
utilized a qualitative approach for all of its reporting units, except for one reporting unit within its Diversified Industrial segment. 

53

 
 
As a result of the assessment, a goodwill impairment of $24,254 was recorded in the year ended December 31, 2016. This impairment 
resulted from a decline in market conditions and lower demand for certain product lines of the performance materials business. 
In 2015, the Company utilized a quantitative approach to assess goodwill, and recorded a goodwill impairment of approximately 
$19,571 in the Energy segment, resulting from the adverse effects the decline in energy prices had on the oil services industry.

Other intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized, while other intangible assets with finite lives are amortized 
over  their  estimated  useful  lives.  Intangible  assets  with  finite  lives  are  reviewed  for  impairment  when  events  or  changes  in 
circumstances indicate that the carrying amount may not be recoverable (see "Long-Lived Asset Testing" below). 

Intangible assets with indefinite lives, which are only within the Diversified Industrial segment, are tested for impairment 
at least annually, or when events or changes in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the asset is impaired. 
Companies can use the same two testing approaches for indefinite-lived intangibles as for goodwill. For 2017, 2016, and 2015, 
the  Company  utilized  a  qualitative  approach  to  assess  its  intangible  assets  with  indefinite  lives,  and  the  results  indicated  no
impairment in any of the years. 

Derivatives

The Company uses various hedging and swap instruments to reduce the impact of changes in precious metal prices, 
interest costs on variable interest debt and the effect of foreign currency fluctuations. In accordance with Accounting Standards 
Codification ("ASC") 815, Derivatives and Hedging, these instruments are recorded as either fair value hedges, economic hedges, 
cash flow hedges or derivatives with no hedging designation.

Precious Metals

The Company's precious metal and commodity inventories are subject to market price fluctuations. The Company enters 
into commodity futures and forward contracts to mitigate the impact of price fluctuations on its precious and certain non-precious 
metal inventories that are not subject to fixed price contracts.

Fair Value Hedges. The fair values of these derivatives are recognized as derivative assets and liabilities on the Company's 
consolidated balance sheets. The net change in fair value of the derivative assets and liabilities, and the change in the fair value 
of the underlying hedged inventory, are recognized in the Company's consolidated statements of operations, and such amounts 
principally offset each other due to the effectiveness of the hedges. The fair value hedges are associated primarily with the Company's 
precious metal inventory carried at fair value.

Economic Hedges. As these derivatives are not designated as accounting hedges under ASC 815, they are accounted for 
as derivatives with no hedge designation. The derivatives are marked to market, and both realized and unrealized gains and losses 
are recorded in current period earnings in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. The economic hedges are associated 
primarily with the Company's precious metal inventory valued using the LIFO method.

Interest Rate Swaps

The Company has entered into interest rate swap agreements in the past in order to economically hedge a portion of its 
debt, which was subject to variable interest rates. As these derivatives were not designated as accounting hedges under U.S. GAAP, 
they are accounted for as derivatives with no hedge designation. The Company recorded the gains and losses both from the mark-
to-market adjustments and net settlements in interest expense in its consolidated statements of operations as the hedges were 
intended to offset interest rate movements.

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

API enters into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge certain of its receivables and payables denominated in other 
currencies. In addition, API enters into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge the value of certain of its future sales denominated 
in Euros and the value of its future purchases denominated in USD. These hedges have settlement dates ranging through December 
2018. The forward contracts that are used to hedge the risk of foreign exchange movement on its receivables and payables are 
accounted for as fair value hedges under ASC 815. The fair values of these derivatives are recognized as derivative assets and 
liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. The net change in fair value of the derivative assets and liabilities are 
recognized in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. The forward contracts that are used to hedge the value of API's 
future sales and purchases are accounted for as cash flow hedges in accordance with ASC 815. These hedges are fully effective 

54

 
 
 
and accordingly, the changes in fair value are recorded in AOCI and, at maturity, any gain or loss on the forward contract is 
reclassified from AOCI into the Company's consolidated statements of operations.

WebBank - Derivative Financial Instruments

WebBank's derivative financial instruments represent on-going economic interests in loans made after they are sold. These 
derivatives are carried at fair value on a gross basis in Other non-current assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. 
Gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value of these derivative instruments are accounted for in the Company's consolidated 
statements of operations in Financial services revenue. Fair value represents the estimated amounts that WebBank would receive 
or pay to terminate the contracts at the reporting date based on a discounted cash flow model for the same or similar instruments. 
WebBank does not enter into derivative contracts for speculative or trading purposes.

Property, Plant and Equipment, Net

Property, plant and equipment is recorded at cost. Depreciation of property, plant and equipment is recorded principally 
on the straight line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, which range is as follows: machinery & equipment 3 to 
15 years and buildings and improvements 10 to 30 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the terms of 
the related leases or the estimated useful lives of the improvements. Interest cost is capitalized for qualifying assets during the 
assets' acquisition period. Maintenance and repairs are charged to expense and renewals and betterments are capitalized. Gain or 
loss on dispositions is recorded in Other expense (income), net.

Long-Lived Asset Testing

The  Company  estimates  the  depreciable  lives  of  property,  plant  and  equipment,  and  reviews  long-lived  assets  for 
impairment whenever events, or changes in circumstances, indicate the carrying amount of such assets may not be recoverable. 
The Company performs such assessments at the lowest level for which identifiable cash flows are largely independent of the cash 
flows of other assets and liabilities, which is generally at the plant level, operating company level or the reporting unit level, 
dependent on the level of interdependencies in the Company's operations. Impairment losses are recorded on long-lived assets 
when indicators of impairment are present and the undiscounted cash flows estimated to be generated by those assets are less than 
the assets' carrying amounts. The impairment loss is measured by comparing the fair value of the asset to its carrying amount.

The Company considers various factors in determining whether an impairment test is necessary, including among other 
things: a significant or prolonged deterioration in operating results and projected cash flows; significant changes in the extent or 
manner in which assets are used; technological advances with respect to assets which would potentially render them obsolete; the 
Company's strategy and capital planning; and the economic climate in the markets it serves. When estimating future cash flows 
and if necessary, fair value, the Company makes judgments as to the expected utilization of assets and estimated future cash flows 
related to those assets. The Company considers historical and anticipated future results, general economic and market conditions, 
the impact of planned business and operational strategies and other information available at the time the estimates are made. The 
Company believes these estimates are reasonable; however, changes in circumstances or conditions could have a significant impact 
on its estimates, which might result in material impairment charges in the future.

Business Combinations

When the Company acquires a business, it allocates the purchase price to the assets acquired, liabilities assumed and any 
noncontrolling interests based on their fair values at the acquisition date. Significant judgment may be used to determine these 
fair values including the use of appraisals, discounted cash flow models, market value for similar purchases, or other methods 
applicable to the circumstances. The assumptions and judgments made by the Company when recording business combinations 
will have an impact on reported results of operations in the future.

Revenue Recognition

Diversified Industrial and Energy Segments

Revenue in our Diversified Industrial and Energy segments is recognized when the title and risk of loss has passed to the 
customer, the service has been provided to the customer, the price is fixed or determinable and collection is reasonably assured. 
This condition is normally met when product has been shipped or the service performed. An allowance is provided for estimated 
returns and discounts based on experience. Revenue is reported net of any sales tax collected. Cash received from customers prior 
to shipment of goods, or otherwise not yet earned, is recorded as deferred revenue. Rental revenues are derived from the rental of 

55

 
 
 
certain equipment to the food industry where customers prepay for the rental period - usually 3 to 6 month periods. For prepaid 
rental contracts, sales revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the contract. Service revenues are generated 
primarily by Steel Excel's energy and sports businesses and by the repair and maintenance work performed on equipment used at 
mass merchants, supermarkets and restaurants in the Diversified Industrial segment. The Company records all shipping and handling 
fees billed to customers as revenue, and related costs are charged principally to cost of goods sold, when incurred.

The Company has also entered into rebate agreements with certain customers. These programs are typically structured 
to incentivize the customers to increase their annual purchases from the Company. The rebates are usually calculated as a percentage 
of the purchase amount, and such percentages may increase as the customer's level of purchases rise. Rebates are recorded as a 
reduction of net sales in the Company's consolidated statements of operations and are accounted for on an accrual basis. As of 
December 31,  2017  and  2016,  accrued  rebates  payable  totaled  $8,300  and  $7,400,  respectively,  and  are  included  in Accrued 
liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. 

Financial Services Segment

WebBank generates revenue through a combination of interest income and non-interest income. Interest income is derived 
from interest and fees earned on loans and investments. Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance, including 
amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts. Loan origination fees, net of certain direct origination costs, are deferred 
and recognized as an adjustment of the related loan yield over the estimated life of the loan. Non-interest income is primarily 
derived from origination fees earned on loans, fee income on contractual lending arrangements, premiums on the sale of loans, 
and loan servicing fees.

Concentration of Revenue 

No single customer accounted for 5% or more of the Company's consolidated revenues in 2017, 2016 or 2015. In 2017, 
2016  and  2015,  the  10  largest  customers  accounted  for  approximately  18%,  19%  and  24%,  respectively,  of  the  Company's 
consolidated revenues.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures certain assets and liabilities at fair value (see Note 17 - "Fair Value Measurements"). Fair value 
is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants 
at the measurement date. Fair values of assets and liabilities are determined based on a three-level measurement input hierarchy. 
Level 1 inputs are quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities as of the measurement date. Level 2 inputs are 
other than quoted market prices that are observable, either directly or indirectly, for an asset or liability. Level 2 inputs can include 
quoted prices in active markets for similar assets or liabilities, quoted prices in a market that is not active for identical assets or 
liabilities, or other inputs that can be corroborated by observable market data. Level 3 inputs are unobservable for the asset or 
liability when there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. Level 3 inputs are based on the best information available, 
and may include data developed by the Company.

Stock-Based Compensation 

The Company accounts for stock options and restricted stock units granted to employees and non-employee directors as 
compensation expense, which is recognized in exchange for the services received. The compensation expense is based on the fair 
value of the equity instruments on the grant-date and is recognized as an expense over the service period of the recipients.

Income Taxes

SPLP and certain of its subsidiaries, as limited partnerships, are generally not responsible for federal and state income 
taxes and their profits and losses are passed directly to their partners for inclusion in their respective income tax returns. SPLP's 
subsidiaries that are corporate entities are subject to federal and state income taxes and file corporate income tax returns.

SPLP's subsidiaries that are subject to income taxes use the liability method of accounting for such taxes. Under the 
liability method, deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to 
differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases, and 
operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates 
expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The 
effect on deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes 

56

the enactment date. Such subsidiaries evaluate the recoverability of deferred tax assets and establish a valuation allowance when 
it is more likely than not that some portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.

When tax returns are filed, it is highly certain that most positions taken would be sustained upon examination by the 
taxing authorities, while others are subject to uncertainty about the merits of the position taken or the amount of the position that 
would be ultimately sustained. The benefit of a tax position is recognized in the Company's consolidated financial statements in 
the period during which, based on all available evidence, management believes it is more likely than not that the position will be 
sustained upon examination, including the resolution of appeals or litigation processes, if any. Tax positions taken are not offset 
or aggregated with other positions. Tax positions that meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold are measured as the 
largest amount of tax benefit that is more than 50% likely of being realized upon settlement with the applicable taxing authority. 
The portion of the benefits associated with tax positions taken that exceeds the amount measured as described above is provided 
for and reflected as a liability for unrecognized tax benefits on the Company's consolidated balance sheets, along with any associated 
interest and penalties that would be payable to the taxing authorities upon examination.

SPLP's policy is to record estimated interest and penalties related to the underpayment of income taxes as income tax 

expense in its consolidated statements of operations. 

The Company does not release income tax effects from AOCI until the underlying asset or liability to which the income 

tax relates has been derecognized from the balance sheet or otherwise terminated.

Foreign Currency Translation

Assets and liabilities of SPLP's foreign subsidiaries are translated at current exchange rates and related revenues and 
expenses are translated at average rates of exchange in effect during the year. Resulting cumulative translation adjustments are 
recorded as a separate component of other comprehensive income (loss). Gains and losses arising from transactions denominated 
in a currency other than the functional currency of the reporting entity are included in earnings.

Legal Contingencies

The Company provides for legal contingencies when the liability is probable and the amount of the associated loss is 
reasonably estimable. The Company regularly monitors the progress of legal contingencies and revises the amounts recorded in 
the period in which a change in estimate occurs.

Environmental Liabilities

The Company accrues for losses associated with environmental remediation obligations when such losses are probable 
and reasonably estimable. Accruals for estimated losses from environmental remediation obligations generally are recognized no 
later than completion of the remedial feasibility study.

Such accruals are adjusted as further information develops or circumstances change. Costs of future expenditures for 
environmental remediation obligations are not discounted to their present value. Recoveries of environmental remediation costs 
from other parties are recorded as assets when their receipt is deemed probable.

New or Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 
2014-09,  Revenue  from  Contracts  with  Customers  (Topic  606),  and  has  since  issued  several  additional  amendments  thereto 
(collectively referred to herein as "ASC 606"), which became effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. The core principle 
of the guidance is that an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an 
amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services, and the 
guidance defines a five-step process to achieve this core principle. ASC 606 also requires additional disclosure about the nature, 
amount, timing and uncertainty of revenues and cash flows arising from customer contracts, including significant judgments and 
changes in judgments and assets recognized from costs incurred to obtain or fulfill a contract. ASC 606 may be applied either (i) 
retrospectively, reflecting the application of the standard in each prior reporting period presented with an election for certain 
specified practical expedients (retrospective method), or (ii) retrospectively with the cumulative effect of initially applying ASC 
606 recognized in Partners' capital at the date of adoption, with additional disclosure requirements (modified retrospective method). 
The  Company  will  adopt ASC  606  in  the  first  quarter  of  2018  using  the  modified  retrospective  method  and  will  present  the 
cumulative effect of applying the standard to all contracts not completed as of the adoption date.

57

The Company has substantially completed its evaluation of the effect that the adoption of ASC 606 will have on its 
financial statements. The Company has determined that the primary change to its accounting policies for certain of its business 
units upon adopting ASC 606 will relate to the timing of when revenue is recognized. While revenue from most contracts will 
continue to be recognized at a point in time, revenue from other contracts (for example, contracts for sale of custom manufactured 
goods that do not have an alternative use and for which the Company has an enforceable right to payment) will be required to be 
recognized over time. For contracts that are required to be recognized over time, the Company will accelerate revenue recognition 
throughout the production process, whereas previously the Company did not recognize revenue until the product shipped or reached 
its destination, based on the transfer of risks and title. 

Upon adoption of ASC 606, the Company expects the net impact will be less than $500 as an increase to Partners' capital. 
Additionally, the ongoing impacts of ASC 606 adoption to the costs to acquire and fulfill its customer contracts are currently 
anticipated to be immaterial. The Company will apply the practical expedient of expensing contract costs when incurred if the 
amortization period of the asset that it would have recognized is one year or less. Currently, the Company's accounting policy is 
to expense contract costs as they are incurred.

The  Company  is  still  evaluating  the  impacts  of  the  adoption  of ASC  606  on  its  financial  statement  disclosures. The 
Company will expand its consolidated financial statement disclosures to comply with ASC 606. The new standard requires a 
change in the presentation of the Company's sales return reserve on the balance sheet, which the Company currently records net. 
The new standard also requires the Company to record a refund liability and a corresponding asset for the Company's right to 
recover products from customers upon settling the refund liability to account for the transfer of products with a right of return. 
However, these changes will not have a material impact on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash flows, 
other than additional disclosure requirements. 

In July 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-11, Inventory (Topic 330): Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory, which 
requires an entity to measure inventory at the lower of cost and net realizable value. Net realizable value is the estimated selling 
prices  in  the  ordinary  course  of  business,  less  reasonably  predictable  costs  of  completion,  disposal  and  transportation.  The 
amendments do not apply to inventory that is measured using the LIFO cost method. On January 1, 2017, the Company began 
applying the inventory measurement provisions of the new ASU, and such provisions did not have and are not expected to have 
a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments—Overall (Subtopic 825-10), which eliminates 
the requirement to classify equity securities with readily determinable market values as either available-for-sale securities or trading 
securities, and requires that equity investments, other than those accounted for under the traditional equity method of accounting, 
be measured at their fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income or loss. Equity investments that do not have 
readily determinable market values may be measured at cost, subject to an assessment for impairment. ASU No. 2016-01 also 
requires  enhanced  disclosures  about  such  equity  investments. ASU  No.  2016-01  is  effective  for  fiscal  years  beginning  after 
December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption prohibited. Upon adoption, a reporting 
entity should apply the provisions of ASU No. 2016-01 by means of a cumulative effect adjustment to the balance sheet as of the 
beginning of the fiscal year of adoption. ASU No. 2016-01 will also impact the Company's consolidated statement of operations 
for amounts related to unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities, which are currently reported in the Company's 
consolidated statement of comprehensive income. Upon adoption of ASU 2016-01, the Company expects to have a significant 
cumulative effect reclassification adjustment to its balance sheet, based on the amount of the accumulated unrealized gain on 
available-for-sale securities in AOCI within Partners' capital as of December 31, 2017 of $91,078, which substantially represents 
the expected cumulative effect adjustment. See Note 14 - "Capital and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss".

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842). The new standard establishes a right-of-use 
("ROU") model that requires a lessee to record a ROU asset and a lease liability, measured on a discounted basis, on the balance 
sheet for all leases with terms longer than 12 months. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification 
affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the statement of operations. A modified retrospective transition approach is required 
for  capital  and  operating  leases  existing  at  the  date  of  adoption,  with  certain  practical  expedients  available. The  Company  is 
currently evaluating the potential impact of this new guidance, which is effective for the Company's 2019 fiscal year.

In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to 
Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. This new standard simplifies the accounting for share-based payment transactions, 
including the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, and classification in the statement 
of cash flows, among other things. The new standard was effective for the Company's 2017 fiscal year, and the Company adopted 
its provisions as of January 1, 2017. The impacts of certain amendments in ASU No. 2016-09, such as those related to the treatment 

58

 
of tax windfalls from stock-based compensation that are included in net operating loss carryforwards and elections made for 
accounting for forfeitures, are required to be adopted on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment to 
partners' capital. Upon adoption, on January 1, 2017, the Company recorded a deferred tax asset of approximately $4,600 and a 
corresponding valuation allowance resulting in no net impact on Partners' capital. In addition, the Company elected to continue 
to estimate forfeitures under its current policy, therefore, there was no modified retrospective adjustment required for accounting 
for forfeitures upon adoption. The other provisions of ASU No. 2016-09, such as classification of certain items in the statement 
of cash flows, are being applied in 2017, with reclassification of prior period amounts where applicable.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of 
Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The new standard changes the impairment model for most financial assets that are measured 
at amortized cost and certain other instruments, including trade receivables, from an incurred loss model to an expected loss model 
and adds certain new required disclosures. Under the expected loss model, entities will recognize estimated credit losses to be 
incurred over the entire contractual term of the instrument rather than delaying recognition of credit losses until it is probable the 
loss has been incurred. The new standard is effective for the Company's 2020 fiscal year with early adoption permitted for all 
entities in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this new 
guidance.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain 
Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. This new standard provides guidance to help decrease diversity in practice in how certain cash 
receipts and cash payments are classified in the statement of cash flows. The amendments in ASU No. 2016-15 provide guidance 
on eight specific cash flow issues. The new standard is effective for the Company's 2018 fiscal year. The Company is currently 
evaluating the potential impact of this new guidance.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash. This new 
standard provides guidance on the classification of restricted cash in the statement of cash flows. The amendments in ASU No. 
2016-18 are effective for the Company's 2018 fiscal year. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this new 
guidance.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a 
Business. This new standard provides guidance to help determine more clearly what is a business acquisition, as opposed to an 
asset acquisition. The amendments provide a screen to help determine when a set of components is a business by reducing the 
number of transactions in an acquisition that need to be evaluated. The new standard states that to classify the acquisition of assets 
as a business, there must be an input and a substantive process that jointly contribute to the ability to create outputs, with outputs 
being defined as the key elements of the business. If all of the fair value of the assets acquired are concentrated in a single asset 
group, this would not qualify as a business. The amendments in ASU No. 2017-01 are effective for the Company's 2018 fiscal 
year. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this new guidance.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles-Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Test 
for Goodwill Impairment. This new standard simplifies subsequent measurements of goodwill by eliminating Step 2 from the 
goodwill impairment test. Instead, entities will perform their interim or annual goodwill impairment testing by comparing the fair 
value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognizing an impairment charge based on the amount that the carrying 
amount exceeds the reporting unit's fair value. The loss recognized should not exceed the total goodwill allocated to the reporting 
unit. The amendments in ASU No. 2017-04 are effective for the Company's 2020 fiscal year. The Company is currently evaluating 
the potential impact of this new guidance.

In  March  2017,  the  FASB  issued ASU  No.  2017-07,  Compensation-Retirement  Benefits  (Topic  715):  Improving  the 
Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost. This new standard requires the components 
of net benefit cost to be disaggregated within the statement of operations, with service cost being included in the same line item 
as other compensation costs, and any other components being presented outside of operating income. The amendments in ASU 
No. 2017-07 are effective for the Company's 2018 fiscal year. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this 
guidance, but it does not currently expect that there will be any material impact on the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In May 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-09, Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification 
Accounting. This new standard provides guidance about which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award 
require an entity to apply modification accounting. The standard states that entities should account for the effects of a modification 
unless the fair value of the modified award is the same as the fair value of the original award, the vesting conditions do not change, 
and the classification as an equity instrument or a liability instrument is the same. The amendments in ASU No. 2017-09 are 
effective for the Company's 2018 fiscal year. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of this new guidance.

59

 
In August 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-12, Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Targeted Improvements to 
Accounting for Hedging Activities. This new standard was created to refine and expand hedge accounting for both financial and 
commodity risk in order to simplify the current application of hedge accounting guidance in current U.S. GAAP. This new standard 
creates more transparency around how hedging results are presented, both in the notes and on the face of the financial statements. 
The amendments in ASU No. 2017-12 are effective for the Company's 2019 fiscal year. The Company is currently evaluating the 
potential impact of this new guidance.

In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-02, Income Statement - Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): 
Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income. The new standard provides financial 
statement preparers with an option to reclassify stranded tax effects within AOCI to retained earnings in each period in which the 
effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recorded. The amendments in 
ASU No. 2018-02 are effective for the Company's 2019 fiscal year. The Company is currently evaluating the potential impact of 
this new guidance.

3. ACQUISITIONS

2017 Acquisition

Steel Excel Acquisition of Basin Well

On May 19, 2017, Steel Excel acquired an 80% interest in Basin Well Logging Wireline Services, Inc. ("Basin") located 
in  Farmington,  New  Mexico  for  approximately  $5,100.  Basin  provides  wireline  services  to  major  oil  &  gas  exploration  and 
production companies in the U.S. and specializes in cased-hole wireline logging and perforating services for exploration and 
production companies with wells in New Mexico, Texas, Utah, Arizona and Colorado. In connection with the Basin acquisition, 
which was not material to SPLP's operations, goodwill totaling approximately $758 was recorded on a preliminary basis. 

2016 Acquisitions

HNH's Acquisition of EME

On September 30, 2016, SL Montevideo Technology, Inc. ("SMTI"), a subsidiary of SL Industries, Inc. ("SLI") (which 
was acquired by HNH in June 2016 as discussed further below), entered into an asset purchase agreement ("Purchase Agreement") 
with Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation ("Hamilton"). Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, SMTI acquired from Hamilton certain 
assets of its Electromagnetic Enterprise division ("EME") used or useful in the design, development, manufacture, marketing, 
service, distribution, repair, and sale of electric motors, starters and generators for certain commercial applications, including for 
use in commercial hybrid electric vehicles and refrigeration and in the aerospace and defense sectors. The acquisition of EME 
expands SLI's product portfolio and diversifies its customer base. SMTI purchased the acquired net assets for approximately 
$60,329 in cash and assumption of certain ordinary course business liabilities, subject to adjustments related to working capital 
at closing and quality of earnings of the acquired business for the period of January 1, 2016 to June 30, 2016, each as provided 
for in the Purchase Agreement, including a reduction of approximately $2,200 received during the year ended December 31, 2017. 
The Purchase Agreement includes a guarantee by Hamilton of a minimum level of product purchases from SMTI by an affiliate 
of Hamilton for calendar years 2017, 2018, and 2019, in exchange for compliance by SMTI with certain operating covenants. The 
transaction was financed with additional borrowings under HNH's senior secured revolving credit facility. The following table 
summarizes the amounts of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date:

60

 
Assets:

Trade and other receivables

Inventories

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Goodwill

Other intangible assets

Total assets acquired
Liabilities:

Accounts payable

Accrued liabilities

Total liabilities assumed
Net assets acquired

Amount

4,249

3,047

265

2,321

30,994

28,370

69,246

6,036

2,881

8,917

60,329

$

$

The goodwill of $30,994 arising from the acquisition consists largely of the synergies expected from combining the 
operations of SLI and EME. The goodwill is assigned to the Company's Diversified Industrial segment and is expected to be 
deductible for income tax purposes. Other intangibles consist of customer relationships of approximately $27,200 and customer 
order backlog of $1,200. The customer order backlog was amortized based on the expected period over which the orders were 
fulfilled of four months. The customer relationships have been assigned a useful life of 15 years based on the limited turnover and 
long-standing relationships EME has with its existing customer base. The acquired customer relationships were valued using an 
excess earnings approach, and significant assumptions used in the valuation included the customer attrition rate assumed and the 
expected level of future sales. The amount of net sales and operating income of the acquired business included in the Company's 
consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2017 were approximately $55,700 and $5,700, respectively. 
The amount of net sales and operating loss of the acquired business included in the Company's consolidated statements of operations 
for the year ended December 31, 2016 were approximately $15,900 and $100, respectively. EME's results of operations are reported 
within the Company's Diversified Industrial segment.

API's Acquisitions of AMP and Hazen 

On December 1, 2016, API acquired the manufacturing assets and business of Amsterdam Metallized Products B.V. 
("AMP")  in  the  Netherlands  for  approximately  $7,800.  AMP  is  a  global  provider  of  packaging  technologies  for  brand 
enhancement. The acquisition, which is not material to SPLP's operations, is part of API's strategy to further strengthen its brand 
enhancement mission of utilizing high-end material substrates for luxury packaging and other niche markets, adding new products 
to API's offerings and providing an entry point into new packaging sectors. In connection with the AMP acquisition, the Company 
has recorded inventory, property, plant and equipment, other intangible assets (primarily customer relationships) and goodwill 
totaling approximately $1,500, $1,900, $1,400 and $3,000, respectively.

On July 27, 2016, API acquired Hazen Paper Company's ("Hazen") lamination facility and business in Osgood, Indiana 
for approximately $14,000. The acquisition, which is not material to SPLP's operations, is part of API's strategy to focus on brand 
enhancement solutions for the packaging market, and it enables API to provide a combined foils and laminate offering to customers 
in the U.S., while giving broader coverage for its global customers. In connection with the Hazen acquisition, the Company has 
recorded inventories, property, plant and equipment, other intangible assets (primarily customer relationships) and goodwill totaling 
approximately $1,000, $6,200, $2,700 and $4,100, respectively.

HNH's Acquisition of SLI

On April 6, 2016, HNH entered into a definitive merger agreement with SLI, pursuant to which it commenced a cash 
tender offer to purchase all the outstanding shares of SLI's common stock, at a purchase price of $40.00 per share in cash ("Offer"). 
SLI  designs,  manufactures  and  markets  power  electronics,  motion  control,  power  protection,  power  quality  electromagnetic 
equipment, and custom gears and gearboxes used in a variety of medical, commercial and military aerospace, computer, datacom, 
industrial, architectural and entertainment lighting, and telecom applications. Consummation of the Offer was subject to certain 
conditions, including the tender of a number of shares that constituted at least (1) a majority of SLI's outstanding shares and (2) 
60% of SLI's outstanding shares not owned by HNH or any of its affiliates, as well as other customary conditions. SPLP beneficially 
owned approximately 25.1% of SLI's outstanding shares at the time of the Offer. 

On  June  1,  2016,  the  conditions  noted  above,  as  well  as  all  other  conditions  to  the  Offer  were  satisfied,  and  HNH 
successfully completed its tender offer through a wholly-owned subsidiary. Pursuant to the terms of the merger agreement, the 

61

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
wholly-owned subsidiary merged with and into SLI, with SLI being the surviving corporation ("SLI Merger"). Upon completion 
of the SLI Merger, SLI became a wholly-owned subsidiary of HNH.

The total merger consideration was approximately $161,985, excluding related transaction fees and expenses. The merger 
consideration represents the aggregate cash merger consideration of approximately $122,191 paid by HNH to non-affiliates and 
the fair value of SPLP's previously held interest in SLI of approximately $39,794, which represented the Company's previously 
held equity interest at a value of $40.00 per share. The funds necessary to consummate the Offer, the SLI Merger and to pay related 
fees and expenses were financed with additional borrowings under HNH's senior secured revolving credit facility. The following 
table summarizes the amounts of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date:

Assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

Trade and other receivables

Inventories

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Goodwill

Other intangible assets

Other non-current assets
Total assets acquired
Liabilities:

Accounts payable

Accrued liabilities

Long-term debt

Deferred tax liabilities

Other non-current liabilities

Total liabilities assumed
Net assets acquired

$

Amount

4,985

32,680

24,295

8,258

23,950

54,231

92,326

257
240,982

18,433

21,306

9,500

23,567

6,191

78,997

$

161,985

The goodwill of $54,231 arising from the acquisition consists largely of the synergies expected from combining the 
operations of HNH and SLI. The goodwill is assigned to the Company's Diversified Industrial segment and is not expected to be 
deductible for income tax purposes. Other intangibles consist primarily of acquired trade names of approximately $14,700, customer 
relationships of approximately $59,900, developed technology and patents of approximately $10,700 and customer order backlog 
of approximately $6,900. The customer order backlog was amortized based on the expected period over which the orders were 
fulfilled, ranging from two to eight months. The remaining intangible assets have been assigned useful lives ranging from 10 to 
15 years based on the long operating history, broad market recognition and continued demand for the associated brands, and the 
limited turnover and long-standing relationships SLI has with its existing customer base. The valuations of acquired trade names, 
developed technology and patents were performed utilizing a relief from royalty method, and significant assumptions used in the 
valuation included the royalty rate assumed and the expected level of future sales, as well as the rate of technical obsolescence for 
the developed technology and patents. The acquired customer relationships were valued using an excess earnings approach, and 
significant assumptions used in the valuation included the customer attrition rate assumed and the expected level of future sales. 
Included in accrued liabilities and other non-current liabilities above was a total of $10,900 for existing and contingent liabilities 
relating to SLI's environmental matters, which are further discussed in Note 18 - "Commitments and Contingencies."

The amount of net sales and operating income of the acquired business included in the Company's consolidated statements 
of operations for the year ended December 31, 2017 were approximately $198,600 and $17,700, respectively. The amount of net 
sales and operating loss of the acquired business included in the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the year 
ended December 31, 2016 was approximately $112,700 and $1,800, respectively, which includes $1,900 of expenses associated 
with the amortization of the fair value adjustment to acquisition-date inventories and also $1,900 of expenses associated with the 
acceleration of SLI's previously outstanding stock-based compensation awards, which became fully vested on the date of acquisition 
pursuant to the terms of the merger agreement, and which are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses ("SG&A") 
in  the  Company's  2016  consolidated  statements  of  operations.  SLI's  results  of  operations  are  reported  within  the  Company's 
Diversified Industrial segment.

2015 Acquisitions

HNH's Acquisition of JPS

62

 
 
 
Effective July 2, 2015, HNH completed the acquisition of JPS Industries, Inc. ("JPS") pursuant to an agreement and plan 
of merger, dated as of May 31, 2015. JPS is a manufacturer of mechanically formed glass, quartz and aramid substrate materials 
for specialty applications in a wide expanse of markets requiring highly engineered components. At the effective time of the Merger 
(as defined below), the acquisition subsidiary was merged with and into JPS ("Merger"), with JPS being the surviving corporation 
in the Merger, and each outstanding share of JPS common stock (other than shares held by HNH and its affiliates), including SPH 
Group  Holdings,  a  significant  stockholder  of  JPS,  was  converted  into  the  right  to  receive  $11.00  in  cash.  The  total  merger 
consideration was $114,493 which represents the aggregate cash merger consideration of $70,255 and the fair value of SPLP's 
previously held interest in JPS of $44,238. The cash consideration was funded primarily by HNH and SPH Group Holdings. SPH 
Group Holding's funding of the aggregate merger consideration totaled approximately $4,510, with the remainder funded by HNH, 
financed through additional borrowings under HNH's senior secured revolving credit facility. 

As a result of the closing of the Merger, JPS was indirectly owned by both HNH and SPH Group Holdings. Following 
the expiration of the 20-day period provided in Section 262(d)(2) of the Delaware General Corporation Law for JPS stockholders 
to exercise appraisal rights in connection with the Merger, and in accordance with an exchange agreement, dated as of May 31, 
2015, by and between HNH and SPH Group Holdings, on July 31, 2015, HNH exchanged 1,429,407 shares of HNH's common 
stock with a value of $48,700 for all shares of JPS common stock held by SPH Group Holdings. As a result of the exchange, HNH 
owns 100% of JPS. The following table summarizes the assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the acquisition date:

Assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

Trade and other receivables

Inventories

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Goodwill

Other intangible assets

Deferred tax assets

Other non-current assets

Total assets acquired
Liabilities:

Accounts payable

Accrued liabilities

Long-term debt

Accrued pension liabilities

Other non-current liabilities

Total liabilities assumed
Net assets acquired

Amount

22

21,201

27,126

4,961

45,384

32,162

9,120

19,788

3,112

162,876

10,674

5,838

1,500

30,367

4

48,383

114,493

$

$

The goodwill of $32,162 arising from the acquisition was assigned to SPLP's Diversified Industrial segment, of which 
$24,100 was not expected to be deductible for income tax purposes. Other intangible assets consist primarily of acquired trade 
names of approximately $4,300, customer relationships of approximately $3,100, and developed technology of approximately 
$1,700. These intangible assets have been assigned useful lives ranging from 10 to 15 years based on the long operating history, 
broad market recognition and continued demand for the associated brands, and the limited turnover and longstanding relationships 
JPS has with its existing customer base. The valuations of acquired trade names and developed technology were performed utilizing 
a relief from royalty method, and significant assumptions used in the valuation included the royalty rate assumed and the expected 
level of future sales, as well as the rate of technical obsolescence for the developed technology. The acquired customer relationships 
were valued using an excess earnings approach, and significant assumptions used in the valuation included the customer attrition 
rate assumed and the expected level of future sales.

The amount of net sales and operating income of the acquired business included in the Company's consolidated statements 
of operations for the year ended December 31, 2017 were approximately $94,900 and $5,000, respectively. The amount of net 
sales and operating loss of the acquired business included in the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the year 
ended December 31, 2016 were approximately $101,600 and $32,100, respectively. The operating loss in 2016 reflects a goodwill 
impairment charge of $24,254 (see Note 7 - "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net") and an asset impairment charge of 
$7,900 (see Note 4 - "Divestitures and Asset Impairment Charges"). The amount of net sales and operating loss of the acquired 
business  included  in  the  Company's  consolidated  statements  of  operations  for  the  year  ended  December 31,  2015  were 

63

 
 
 
approximately  $59,500  and  $2,200,  which  included  $3,400  of  nonrecurring  expense  related  to  the  fair  value  adjustment  to 
acquisition-date inventories. The results of operations of JPS are reported within the Company's Diversified Industrial segment. 

CoSine Acquisition

On January 20, 2015 ("CoSine Acquisition Date"), the Company entered into a contribution agreement ("Contribution 
Agreement") with CoSine. Pursuant to the Contribution Agreement, the Company contributed (i) 24,807,203 ordinary shares of 
API and (ii) 445,456 shares of common stock of Nathan's Famous, Inc. ("Nathan's") to CoSine in exchange for 16,500,000 shares 
of newly issued CoSine common stock and 12,761 shares of newly issued 7.5% series B non-voting preferred stock, which increased 
SPLP's ownership of CoSine to approximately 80%. Prior to obtaining a controlling interest, SPLP owned approximately 48% of 
the outstanding shares of CoSine, and its investment was accounted for under the equity method. As a result of the above transaction, 
CoSine became a majority-owned controlled subsidiary and is consolidated with SPLP from the CoSine Acquisition Date. Prior 
to CoSine's Acquisition of API discussed below, CoSine was included in the Corporate and Other segment. Beginning in the second 
quarter of 2015, CoSine is included in the Diversified Industrial segment.

The Contribution Agreement was the first step in a plan for a wholly-owned United Kingdom ("UK") subsidiary of CoSine 
("BidCo") to make an offer, which commenced on February 4, 2015, to acquire all of the issued and to be issued shares in API for 
60 pence in cash per API share not already owned by BidCo. As a result of the offer, BidCo owned approximately 98% of API as 
of March 31, 2015; however, CoSine did not obtain control over the operations of API until April 17, 2015 (see the "CoSine's 
Acquisition of API" section below). 

As of the CoSine Acquisition Date, the fair value of the Company's previously held equity interest and the noncontrolling 
interest in CoSine were valued at approximately $2.51 per share. Accordingly, the Company remeasured its previously held equity 
interest to a fair value of approximately $12,011, resulting in an investment gain, which was recorded in the first quarter of 2015, 
of approximately $6,900 and is included in Other income, net in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. 

The consideration paid to acquire the controlling interest in CoSine was $66,239, which was comprised of $12,011 related 
to the fair value of the previously held common equity of CoSine, $22,823 for the fair value of the API shares transferred to CoSine 
and  $31,405  for  the  fair  value  of  the  Nathan's  shares  transferred  to  CoSine. The  following  table  summarizes  the  preliminary 
estimates of the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the CoSine Acquisition Date as well as the fair value 
of the noncontrolling interest in CoSine: 

Assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Long-term investments

Goodwill

Total assets acquired
Liabilities:

Accounts payable

Accrued liabilities

Total liabilities assumed
Fair value of noncontrolling interest

Net assets acquired

CoSine's Acquisition of API

Amount

17,614

7

54,228

8,295

80,144

280

783

1,063

12,842

66,239

$

$

As discussed above, CoSine obtained control over the operations of API on April 17, 2015 ("API Acquisition Date"), at 
which time API became a majority-owned subsidiary of CoSine. API is a manufacturer and distributor of foils, films and laminates 
used to enhance the visual appeal of products and packaging. API is headquartered in Cheshire, England. The fair value of the 
consideration paid consisted of the fair value of the previously held common equity of API of $22,861 and the cash paid of $47,866
for the additional API equity acquired, for total consideration of $70,727. The following table summarizes the fair values of the 
assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the API Acquisition Date: 

64

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

Trade and other receivables

Inventories

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Property, plant and equipment

Goodwill

Other intangible assets

Other non-current assets

Total assets acquired
Liabilities:

Accounts payable

Accrued liabilities

Short-term debt

Long-term debt

Accrued pension liabilities

Deferred tax liabilities

Total liabilities assumed
Net assets acquired

Amount

5,424

24,160

22,900

4,838

42,238

14,456

22,749

4,816

141,581

24,556

7,028

2,104

22,784

11,791

2,591

70,854

70,727

$

$

All of the goodwill is assigned to SPLP's Diversified Industrial segment and is not expected to be deductible for income 
tax purposes. Other intangible assets consist primarily of acquired trade names of approximately $5,200 and customer relationships 
of $17,700. The trade names have been assigned a 10 year useful life based on the long operating history, broad market recognition 
and continued demand for the associated brands, and customer relationships have been assigned a 7 year life based on the expected 
turnover of API's existing customer base. The valuation of acquired trade names was performed utilizing a relief from royalty 
method, and significant assumptions used in the valuation include the royalty rate assumed and the expected level of future sales. 
The acquired customer relationships were valued using an excess earnings approach, and significant assumptions used in the 
valuation include the customer attrition rate assumed and the expected level of future sales.

HNH Acquisition of ITW Polymers Sealants North America Inc. ("ITW")

On March 31, 2015, HNH, through its indirect subsidiary, OMG, Inc. ("OMG"), acquired certain assets and assumed 
certain liabilities of ITW, which are used in the business of manufacturing two-component polyurethane adhesive for the roofing 
industry for a cash purchase price of $27,400, reflecting a final working capital adjustment of $400. The assets acquired and 
liabilities assumed primarily included net working capital of inventories and accrued liabilities; property, plant and equipment; 
and intangible assets, primarily developed technology, valued at $1,700, $100 and $4,400, respectively. In connection with the 
ITW acquisition, the Company has recorded goodwill totaling approximately $21,268, which is expected to be deductible for 
income tax purposes.

Pro Forma Disclosures

Unaudited  pro  forma  revenue  and  net  income from  continuing  operations  attributable to  common unitholders  of  the 
combined entities is presented below as if JPS and API had both been acquired January 1, 2014, and SLI and EME had both been 
acquired January 1, 2015. 

Revenue

Net income from continuing operations attributable to common unitholders

Net income from continuing operations per common unit - basic
Net income from continuing operations per common unit - diluted

Year Ended December 31,

2016

2015

$

1,296,850

$

1,357,820

1,211

0.12
0.12

70,308

2.96
2.95

This unaudited pro forma data is presented for informational purposes only and does not purport to be indicative of the 
results of future operations or of the results that would have occurred had the JPS and API acquisitions taken place on January 1, 
2014 and the SLI and EME acquisitions taken place on January 1, 2015. The information is based on historical financial information 
with respect to the acquisitions and does not include operational or other changes which might have been effected by the Company. 

65

 
The unaudited pro forma earnings for all periods were adjusted to reflect incremental depreciation and amortization expense based 
on the fair value adjustments for the acquired property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, which are principally amortized 
using the double-declining balance method for customer relationships and the straight line method for other intangibles, over 
periods principally ranging from 10 to 15 years, except for the customer order backlog, which is amortized over periods ranging 
from two to eight months. The unaudited proforma earnings were also adjusted to reflect incremental interest expense on the 
borrowings made to finance the acquisitions.

The 2016 unaudited pro forma earnings exclude a total of $9,200 of acquisition-related costs incurred by HNH, SLI and 
EME during the year ended December 31, 2016. Of these costs that were excluded from 2016 pro forma expenses, an expense of 
$1,900 from the amortization of the fair value adjustment to acquisition-date inventories and an expense of $1,900 associated with 
the acceleration of SLI's previously outstanding stock-based compensation awards were reflected in 2015 and reduced the 2015 
unaudited pro forma earnings. The 2015 unaudited pro forma earnings also reflect adjustments to exclude $8,572 of acquisition-
related costs incurred by HNH, JPS, SLI and API in 2015 and $4,375 of nonrecurring expense related to JPS's and API's amortization 
of the fair value adjustment to acquisition-date inventories.

4. DIVESTITURES AND ASSET IMPAIRMENT CHARGES

Discontinued operations in 2015 include the operations of Arlon, LLC ("Arlon"), a manufacturer of high performance 
materials for the printed circuit board industry and silicone rubber-based materials, which was part of SPLP's Diversified Industrial 
segment. On December 18, 2014, HNH entered into a contract to sell its Arlon business for $157,000 in cash, less transaction fees, 
subject to a final working capital adjustment and certain potential reductions as provided in the stock purchase agreement, which 
are reflected in proceeds from sales of discontinued operations in the Company's consolidated statements of cash flows for the 
year ended December 31, 2015. The closing occurred in January 2015.

Total revenue

Net income from operations

Net loss from operations after taxes and noncontrolling interests

Gain on sale of discontinued operations after taxes and noncontrolling interests

Divestitures

Year Ended December 31,

2015

$

5,952

565

(1,111)

56,659

In the second quarter of 2017, API sold a facility in Salford, UK for approximately $5,000 and recorded a gain on sale 
of approximately $450, which is recorded in Other (income) expenses, net in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. 
Also, in the first quarter of 2017, API sold a facility in Rahway, N.J. for approximately $7,500 and recorded a gain on sale of 
approximately $200, which is recorded in Other (income) expenses, net in the Company's consolidated statements of operations.

In January 2017, HNH sold its Micro-Tube Fabricators, Inc. business ("MTF") for approximately $2,500 and recorded a 
loss on sale of $400, which is included in Other (income) expenses, net in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. 
MTF specialized in the production of precision fabricated tubular components produced for medical device, aerospace, aircraft, 
automotive and electronic applications, and it was included in the Company's Diversified Industrial segment. The price was paid 
$2,000 in cash at closing and a $500 subordinated promissory note to HNH bearing 5% interest annually, which has been fully 
collected. In addition, HNH may receive up to $1,000 of additional contingent consideration if certain sales volume milestones 
are met between the sale date and December 31, 2019. In 2017, the Company earned $755 of additional contingent consideration. 
The operations of MTF were not significant to the Company's consolidated financial statements.

In October 2016, HNH subsidiary, JPS, sold the equipment and certain customer information, as well as related inventories, 
of its Slater, South Carolina facility for $3,500. The operations of this facility were not significant to the consolidated financial 
statements of the Company.

In April 2016, API sold its security holographics business for approximately $8,000 and recorded a gain of approximately 
$2,800, which is recorded in Other income, net in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. API's security holographics 
business created custom optical security solutions to protect secure documents and premium products against counterfeit and fraud 
and it was included in the Company's Diversified Industrial segment. The sale was part of API's strategy to focus on its decorative 
holographic offerings for the packaging market. The operations of this business were not significant to the consolidated financial 
statements of SPLP.

66

 
 
 
Asset Impairment Charges

2017

During 2017, Steel Excel recorded a non-cash impairment charge of $2,028 related to an other-than-temporary impairment 

of a certain investment.

2016

In connection with its continued integration of JPS, the Company approved the closure of JPS' Slater, South Carolina 
operating facility during the second quarter of 2016 and recorded impairment charges totaling approximately $7,900 associated 
with the planned closure, including write-downs of $6,600 to property, plant and equipment and $400 to intangible assets, as well 
as a $900 inventory write-down, which was recorded in Cost of goods sold in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. 

Due to improved operational productivity and available capacity at Lucas-Milhaupt facilities, the Company approved the 
closure of its Lucas-Milhaupt Gliwice, Poland operating facility as part of its continual focus to optimize infrastructure costs. 
During the third quarter of 2016, the Company recorded asset impairment charges totaling $3,557, primarily due to write-downs 
of $1,500 to property, plant, and equipment and $500 to inventories associated with the planned closure. The inventory write-down 
was recorded in Cost of goods sold in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. 

In addition, during 2016, Steel Excel recorded non-cash asset impairment charges of $7,202 related to other-than-temporary 

impairments on certain investments.

2015

Asset impairment charges in 2015 are comprised of a non-cash asset impairment charge of $1,398 recorded by the Company 
related to certain unused, real property located in Norristown, Pennsylvania to reflect its current market value, a non-cash impairment 
charge of $1,316 recorded by DGT related to real property to reflect its current market value, and other-than-temporary impairments 
of investments of $65,378.

67

 
 
5. LOANS RECEIVABLE, INCLUDING LOANS HELD FOR SALE

Major classification of WebBank's loans receivable, including loans held for sale at December 31, 2017 and 2016 are as 

follows:

December 31,
2017

%

136,773

Total

Current

Non-current

December 31,
2016

$

80,692

December 31,
2017

December 31,
2016

December 31,
2017

December 31,
2016

%

$

136,773

$

80,692

$

— $

—

$

$

Loans held for sale

Commercial real estate loans

Commercial and industrial

Consumer loans

Total loans

Less:

568

1% $

84,726

53,238

61%

38%

138,532

100%

870

50,564

22,805

74,239

1%

68%

31%

100%

Allowance for loan losses

(5,237)

Total loans receivable, net

$

133,295

$

(1,483)

72,756

Loans receivable, including loans 

held for sale (a)

20

28,315

22,371

50,706

(5,237)

45,469

43

3,059

8,949

12,051

(1,483)

10,568

548

$

56,411

30,867

87,826

—

87,826

827

47,505

13,856

62,188

—

62,188

$

182,242

$

91,260

$

87,826

$

62,188

(a)  The carrying value is considered to be representative of fair value because the rates of interest are not significantly different from market 
interest rates for instruments with similar maturities. The fair value of loans receivable, including loans held for sale, net was $270,068 and 
$153,488 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Commercial and industrial loans include unamortized premiums of $1 and unaccreted discounts of $507 at December 31, 
2017 and unamortized premiums of $2 and unaccreted discounts of $418 at December 31, 2016. Loans with a carrying value of 
approximately  $57,436  and  $47,237  were  pledged  as  collateral  for  potential  borrowings  at  December 31,  2017  and  2016, 
respectively. WebBank serviced $3,125 and $3,535 in loans for others at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

Allowance for Loan Losses

The allowance for loan losses ("ALLL") represents an estimate of probable and estimable losses inherent in the loan 
portfolio as of the balance sheet date. Losses are charged to the ALLL when incurred. Generally, commercial loans are charged 
off or charged down at the point at which they are determined to be uncollectible in whole or in part, or when 180 days past due 
unless the loan is well secured and in the process of collection. The amount of the ALLL is established by analyzing the portfolio 
at least quarterly and a provision for or reduction of loan losses is recorded so that the ALLL is at an appropriate level at the balance 
sheet date. The methodologies used to estimate the ALLL depend upon the impairment status and portfolio segment of the loan. 
Loan groupings are created for each loan class, and are then graded against historical and industry loss rates. 

After applying historic loss experience, the quantitatively derived level of ALLL is reviewed for each segment using 
qualitative criteria. Various risk factors are tracked that influence judgment regarding the level of the ALLL across the portfolio 
segments. Primary qualitative factors that may be reflected in the quantitative models include: 

•  Asset quality trends
•  Risk management and loan administration practices
•  Portfolio management and controls
•  Effect of changes in the nature and volume of the portfolio
•  Changes in lending policies and underwriting policies
•  Existence and effect of any portfolio concentrations
•  National economic business conditions and other macroeconomic adjustments
•  Regional and local economic and business conditions
•  Data availability and applicability 
• 
•  Value of underlying collateral

Industry monitoring

Changes in these factors are reviewed to ensure that changes in the level of the ALLL are consistent with changes in these 
factors. The magnitude of the impact of each of these factors on the qualitative assessment of the ALLL changes from quarter to 
quarter according to the extent these factors are already reflected in historic loss rates and according to the extent these factors 
diverge from one another. Also considered is the uncertainty inherent in the estimation process when evaluating the ALLL. Changes 
in the ALLL are summarized as follows:

68

 
 
December 31, 2014

Charge-offs

Recoveries

Provision

December 31, 2015

Charge-offs

Recoveries

Provision

December 31, 2016

Charge-offs

Recoveries

Provision

December 31, 2017

Commercial
Real Estate
Loans

Commercial
& Industrial

Consumer
Loans

Total

$

481

$

— $

$

76

—

69

(97)

48

—

49

(68)

29

—

17

$

(33)

13

$

—

54

47

582

—

30

268

880

—

—

—

—

—

—

574

574

(933)

142

2,711

2,800

$

(1,214)

103

2,961

2,424

$

557

—

123

(50)

630

—

79

774

1,483

(2,147)

262

5,639

5,237

The ALLL and outstanding loan balances according to the Company's impairment method are summarized as follows:

December 31, 2017

Allowance for loan losses:

Individually evaluated for impairment

Collectively evaluated for impairment

Total

Outstanding loan balances:

Individually evaluated for impairment

Collectively evaluated for impairment

Total

December 31, 2016

Allowance for loan losses:

Individually evaluated for impairment

Collectively evaluated for impairment

Total

Outstanding loan balances:

Individually evaluated for impairment

Collectively evaluated for impairment

Total

Nonaccrual and Past Due Loans

Commercial
Real Estate
Loans

Commercial
& Industrial

Consumer
Loans

Total

$

$

$

$

1

12

13

16

552

568

$

$

$

$

38

2,762

2,800

41

84,685

84,726

$

$

$

$

$

2,424

2,424

39

5,198

5,237

— $

53,238

53,238

$

57

138,475

138,532

Commercial
Real Estate
Loans

Commercial
& Industrial

Consumer
Loans

Total

$

$

$

$

7

22

29

17

853

870

$

$

$

$

46

834

880

54

50,510

50,564

$

$

$

$

— $

574

574

$

— $

22,805

22,805

$

53

1,430

1,483

71

74,168

74,239

Commercial and Industrial loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest were $2,551 and $0 at December 31, 
2017 and 2016, respectively. Consumer loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest were $107 and $3 at December 31, 
2017 and 2016, respectively. The Company did not have any nonaccrual loans at December 31, 2017 and 2016. 

Past due loans (accruing and nonaccruing) are summarized as follows: 

69

 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2017

Current

30-89 Days
Past Due

90+ Days
Past Due

Total
Past Due

Total Loans

Recorded
Investment
In Accruing
Loans 90+
Days Past
Due

Nonaccrual 
Loans 
That Are 
Current (a)

Commercial real estate loans

$

568

$

— $

— $

— $

568

$

— $

Commercial and industrial

Consumer loans

Total loans

81,101

52,521

1,074

610

2,551

107

3,625

717

84,726

53,238

2,551

107

$

134,190

$

1,684

$

2,658

$

4,342

$

138,532

$

2,658

$

—

—

—

—

(a)  Represents nonaccrual loans that are not past due more than 30 days; however, full payment of principal and interest is still not expected.

December 31, 2016

Commercial real estate loans

Commercial and industrial

Consumer loans

Total loans

Current

30-89 Days
Past Due

90+ Days
Past Due

Total
Past Due

Total Loans

Recorded
Investment
In Accruing
Loans 90+
Days Past
Due

Nonaccrual 
Loans 
That Are 
Current (b)

$

$

870

$

— $

— $

— $

870

$

— $

50,564

22,745

74,179

$

—

57

57

$

—

3

3

$

—

60

60

$

50,564

22,805

74,239

$

—

3

3

$

—

—

—

—

(b) Represents nonaccrual loans that are not past due more than 30 days; however, full payment of principal and interest is still not expected.

Credit Quality Indicators

In addition to the past due and nonaccrual criteria, loans are analyzed using a loan grading system. Generally, internal 
grades are assigned to loans based on the performance of the loans, financial/statistical models and loan officer judgment. For 
consumer loans and some commercial and industrial loans, the primary credit quality indicator is payment status. Reviews and 
grading of loans with unpaid principal balances of $100 or more is performed once per year. Grades follow definitions of Pass, 
Special Mention, Substandard, and Doubtful which are consistent with published definitions of regulatory risk classifications. The 
definitions of Pass, Special Mention, Substandard, and Doubtful are summarized as follows:

•  Pass: An asset in this category is a higher quality asset and does not fit any of the other categories described below. The 

likelihood of loss is considered remote.

•  Special Mention: An asset in this category has a specific weakness or problem but does not currently present a significant risk 

of loss or default as to any material term of the loan or financing agreement.

•  Substandard: An asset in this category has a developing or currently minor weakness or weaknesses that could result in loss 

or default if deficiencies are not corrected or adverse conditions arise.

•  Doubtful: An asset in this category has an existing weakness or weaknesses that have developed into a serious risk of significant 

loss or default with regard to a material term of the financing agreement.

Outstanding loan balances (accruing and nonaccruing) categorized by these credit quality indicators are summarized as 

follows:

December 31, 2017

Commercial real estate loans

Commercial and industrial

Consumer loans

Total loans

December 31, 2016

Commercial real estate loans

Commercial and industrial

Consumer loans

Total loans

Impaired Loans

Non -
Graded

Pass

Special
Mention

Sub-
standard

Doubtful

Total
Loans

$

— $

552

$

— $

25,082

53,238

56,286

—

3,317

—

$ 78,320

$ 56,838

$

3,317

$

16

41

—

57

$

$

— $

568

—

—

84,726

53,238

— $ 138,532

Non -
Graded

Pass

Special
Mention

Sub-
standard

Doubtful

Total
Loans

$

— $

853

$

— $

—

45,931

22,805

—

4,579

—

$ 22,805

$ 46,784

$

4,579

$

17

54

—

71

$

$

— $

870

—

—

50,564

22,805

— $ 74,239

70

 
Loans are considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that WebBank will be unable 
to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, including scheduled interest payments. When 
loans are impaired, an estimate of the amount of the balance that is impaired is made and a specific reserve is assigned to the loan 
based on the estimated present value of the loan's future cash flows discounted at the loan's effective interest rate, the observable 
market price of the loan, or the fair value of the loan's underlying collateral less the cost to sell. When the impairment is based on 
the fair value of the loan's underlying collateral, the portion of the balance that is impaired is charged off, such that these loans do 
not have a specific reserve in the ALLL. Payments received on impaired loans that are accruing are recognized in interest income, 
according  to  the  contractual  loan  agreement.  WebBank  recognized  $4,  $78,  and  $86  on  impaired  loans  for  the  years  ended 
December 31, 2017, 2016, and 2015, respectively. Payments received on impaired loans that are on nonaccrual are not recognized 
in interest income, but are applied as a reduction to the principal outstanding. Payments are recognized when cash is received. 
Information on impaired loans is summarized as follows:

December 31, 2017

Commercial real estate loans

Commercial and industrial

Total loans

December 31, 2016

Commercial real estate loans

Commercial and industrial

Total loans

6. INVENTORIES, NET 

Recorded Investment

Unpaid
Principal
Balance

With No
Allowance

With
Allowance

Total
Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance

Average
Recorded
Investment

$

$

16

41

57

$

$

— $

3

3

$

16

38

54

$

$

16

41

57

$

$

1

38

39

$

$

16

14

30

Recorded investment

Unpaid
Principal
Balance

With No
Allowance

With
Allowance

Total
Recorded
Investment

Related
Allowance

Average
Recorded
Investment

$

$

17

54

71

$

$

— $

8

8

$

17

46

63

$

$

17

54

71

$

$

7

46

53

$

$

655

3,274

3,929

A summary of inventories, net is as follows:

Finished products
In-process

Raw materials
Fine and fabricated precious metal in various stages of completion

LIFO reserve
Total

Fine and Fabricated Precious Metal Inventory

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$

$

49,053

$

25,037

53,015

16,757

143,862

(1,227)

142,635

$

42,824

19,160

42,881

15,019

119,884
(679)
119,205

In order to produce certain of its products, the Company purchases, maintains and utilizes precious metal inventory. The 
Company records certain precious metal inventory at the lower of LIFO cost or market, with any adjustments recorded through 
Cost of goods sold. Remaining precious metal inventory is accounted for primarily at fair value.

During the third quarter of 2017, the Company began obtaining certain precious metals under a $29,500 fee consignment 
agreement with the Bank of Nova Scotia ("ScotiaBank"). As of December 31, 2017, the Company had approximately $8,100 of 
silver under consignment with ScotiaBank, which is recorded at fair value in Inventories, net with a corresponding liability for 
the same amount included in Accrued liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance sheet. Fees charged under the consignment 
agreement are recorded in Interest expense in the Company's consolidated statements of operations.

71

 
 
Supplemental inventory information:

Precious metals stated at LIFO cost

Precious metals stated under non-LIFO cost methods, primarily at fair value

Market value per ounce:

Silver

Gold

Palladium

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$

4,897

$

10,633

17.01

1,296.50

1,056.00

5,001

9,339

16.05

1,159.10

676.00

7. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET 

A reconciliation of the change in the carrying value of goodwill is as follows:

Diversified
Industrial

Energy

Corporate and
Other

Total

Balance at December 31, 2016:

Gross goodwill

Accumulated impairments

Net goodwill
Acquisitions (a)
Currency translation adjustment

Other adjustments
Balance at December 31, 2017:

Gross goodwill

Accumulated impairments

Net goodwill

$

191,596

$

(24,254)

167,342

—

1,504

430

193,530

(24,254)

64,790

$

(64,790)

—

758

—

—

65,548

(64,790)

$

169,276

$

758

$

81

—

81

—

—

—

81

—

81

(a)  Goodwill from acquisitions relates to the Basin acquisition. For additional information, see Note 3 - "Acquisitions."

Balance at December 31, 2015:

Gross goodwill

Accumulated impairments

Net goodwill
Acquisitions (b)
Impairment

Currency translation adjustment

Other adjustments
Balance at December 31, 2016:

Gross goodwill

Accumulated impairments

Net goodwill

Diversified
Industrial

Energy

Corporate and
Other

$

101,772

$

—

101,772

92,177

(24,254)

(2,508)

155

191,596

(24,254)

64,790

$

(64,790)

—

—

—

—

—

64,790

(64,790)

$

167,342

$

— $

81

—

81

—

—

—

—

81

—

81

$

$

$

$

256,467

(89,044)

167,423

758

1,504

430

259,159

(89,044)

170,115

Total

166,643

(64,790)

101,853

92,177

(24,254)

(2,508)

155

256,467

(89,044)

167,423

(b) Goodwill from acquisitions relates to HNH's acquisition of SLI and SLI's acquisition of EME, as well as API's acquisitions of Hazen and 

AMP. For additional information, see Note 3 - "Acquisitions."

In 2016, the Company recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $24,254 related to the performance materials business 
within its Diversified Industrial segment, resulting from a decline in market conditions and lower demand for certain of JPS' 
product lines. The fair value of the reporting unit used in determining the goodwill impairment charge was based on valuations 
using a combination of the income and market approaches. See Note 17 - "Fair Value Measurements" for further discussion of 
these valuation methodologies.

In connection with its annual goodwill impairment tests and the adverse effects of developments in the oil services industry, 
the  Company  recognized  impairment  charges  of  $19,571  in  2015.  The  goodwill  impairment  charges  related  to  the  goodwill 
associated with its Energy segment, resulting from the adverse effects the decline in energy prices had on the oil services industry.

A summary of other intangible assets is as follows:

72

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Customer relationships

$

222,277

$

80,952

$

141,325

$

220,890

$

57,978

$

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization

Net

Gross
Carrying
Amount

Accumulated
Amortization

Trademarks, trade names and brand names

Developed technology, patents and patent

applications

Other

Total

52,356

28,239

16,131

14,996

11,756

11,982

37,360

16,483

4,149

51,717

27,947

16,652

11,682

9,332

11,002

$

319,003

$

119,686

$

199,317

$

317,206

$

89,994

$

227,212

Net

162,912

40,035

18,615

5,650

Trademarks  with  indefinite  lives  as  of  December 31,  2017  and  2016  were  $8,020. Amortization  expense  related  to 
intangible assets was $29,743, $31,358 and $16,258 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The 
increase  in  amortization  expense  during  2016  was  principally  due  to  the  Company's  acquisitions  as  discussed  in  Note  3  - 
"Acquisitions." The estimated amortization expense for each of the five succeeding years and thereafter is as follows:

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Thereafter

Total

Trademarks, 
Trade Names 
and Brand
Names

Developed
Technology,
Patents and
Patent
Applications

Customer
Relationships

$

20,730

$

17,241

16,125

14,523

11,242

61,464

$

2,808

2,484

2,484

2,484

2,478

16,602

$

2,410

2,410

1,998

1,878

1,849

5,938

Other

Total

$

805

760

730

723

209

922

26,753

22,895

21,337

19,608

15,778

84,926

$

141,325

$

29,340

$

16,483

$

4,149

$

191,297

8. PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT, NET 

A summary of property, plant and equipment, net is as follows:

Land

Buildings and improvements

Machinery, equipment and other

Construction in progress

Accumulated depreciation

Property, plant and equipment, net

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$

$

18,674

$

74,662

352,276

17,178

462,790

(190,799)

271,991

$

16,859

71,154

302,658

22,936

413,607
(152,195)
261,412

Depreciation  expense  was  $42,193,  $39,188  and  $32,302  for  the  years  ended  December 31,  2017,  2016  and  2015, 

respectively.

9. INVESTMENTS 

Short-Term Investments

Marketable Securities

The Company's short-term investments primarily consist of its marketable securities portfolio held by its subsidiary, Steel 
Excel.  These  marketable  securities  as  of  December 31,  2017  and  2016  were  classified  as  available-for-sale  securities.  The 
classification of marketable securities as a current asset is based on the intended holding period and realizability of the investment. 
The Company's portfolio of marketable securities at December 31, 2017 and 2016 was as follows:

73

 
 
December 31, 2017

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

Cost

Fair value

Cost

December 31, 2016

Gross
Unrealized
Gains

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

Fair value

Available-for-sale securities

Short-term deposits

Mutual funds

Corporate securities

Corporate obligations

Total marketable securities

Amounts classified as cash equivalents

Amounts classified as marketable

securities

$

35,834

$

— $

— $

35,834

$

73,270

$

— $

— $

12,077

32,311

—

80,222

(35,834)

4,675

11,893

—

16,568

—

—

(2,643)

—

16,752

41,561

—

11,997

17,516

17,232

(2,643)

94,147

120,015

—

(35,834)

(73,270)

2,279

4,586

734

7,599

—

—

(586)

(108)

(694)

—

73,270

14,276

21,516

17,858

126,920

(73,270)

$

44,388

$

16,568

$

(2,643) $

58,313

$

46,745

$

7,599

$

(694) $

53,650

Proceeds from sales of marketable securities were $16,596, $60,600 and $43,300 in 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. 
The Company determines gains and losses from sales of marketable securities based on specific identification of the securities 
sold. Gross realized gains and losses from sales of marketable securities, all of which are reported as a component of Other income, 
net in the Company's consolidated statements of operations, were as follows:

Gross realized gains

Gross realized losses

Realized gains, net

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

$

637

(545)

92

$

$

4,771

(1,483)

3,288

$

$

12,053

(6,806)

5,247

The fair value of the Company's marketable securities with unrealized losses at December 31, 2017, and the duration of 

time that such losses had been unrealized, were as follows:

Less than 12 Months

12 Months or Greater

Total

Fair Value

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

Fair Value

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

Fair Value

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

Corporate securities

Total

$

$

5,801

5,801

$

$

(2,558) $

(2,558) $

398

398

$

$

(85) $

(85) $

6,199

6,199

$

$

(2,643)

(2,643)

The fair value of the Company's marketable securities with unrealized losses at December 31, 2016, and the duration of 

time that such losses had been unrealized, were as follows:

Corporate securities

Corporate obligations

Total

Less than 12 Months

12 Months or Greater

Total

Fair Value

$

$

2,316

12,481

14,797

$

$

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

Fair Value

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

Fair Value

Gross
Unrealized
Losses

(384) $

(108)

(492) $

662

—

662

$

$

(202) $

—

(202) $

2,978

12,481

15,459

$

$

(586)

(108)

(694)

The gross unrealized losses primarily related to losses on corporate securities and corporate obligations, which primarily 
consist of investments in equity and debt securities of publicly-traded entities. Based on Steel Excel's evaluation of such securities, 
it determined that certain unrealized losses represented other-than-temporary impairments. This determination was based on several 
factors, including adverse changes in the market conditions and economic environments in which the entities operate. Steel Excel 
recognized asset impairment charges of approximately $2,028 and $4,200 for the years ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, 
respectively. The Company determined that there was no indication of other-than-temporary impairments on its other investments 
with unrealized losses as of December 31, 2017. This determination was based on several factors, including the length of time and 
extent to which fair value has been less than the cost basis, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the entity, and the 
intent and ability to hold the corporate securities for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market 
value. 

The Company did not hold any marketable securities with contractual maturities as of December 31, 2017. 

74

 
 
Long-Term Investments

The following table summarizes the Company's long-term investments as of December 31, 2017 and 2016. All equity-
method investment income and losses, as well as income from other investments where the fair value option has been elected, is 
recorded  in  (Income)  loss  of  associated  companies  and  other  investments  held  at  fair  value,  net  of  taxes  in  the  Company's 
consolidated statements of operations.

Ownership %

December 31,

Long-Term Investments
Balance

(Income) Loss Recorded in Statements
of Operations

December 31,

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2017

2016

2017

2016

2015

$

131,307

$

75,608

$

— $

— $

(4,449)

4,350

(614)

—

19

—

19

(870)

—

—

—

524

$

1,656

Corporate securities (a)
Steel Connect ("STCN") convertible notes(b)
STCN preferred stock(c)

STCN warrants

Equity method investments:
  Carried at fair value:

     STCN common stock

     Aviat Networks, Inc. ("Aviat")

     Other
     SL Industries, Inc. (d)
     JPS Industries, Inc.(d)
     API Technologies Corp. ("API Tech")
     Other investments at fair value - related party (e)
Long-term investments carried at fair value

  Carried at cost:
     Other equity method investments carried at cost (f)
Total

10,387

35,000

—

45,275

10,168

1,223

—

—

—

30.4%

12.7%

43.8%

100.0%

100.0%

—%

32.9%

12.7%

43.8%

100.0%

100.0%

—%

26,547

9,269

1,223

—

—

—

(15,700)

(899)

—

—

—

—

—

13,575

(3,094)

708

(8,078)

—

(7,089)

—

16,743

4,682

232

7,083

(5,831)

8,576

(361)

—
233,360

—
117,016

2,784
236,144

3,050
120,066

$

$

306
(16,888) $

$

239
(4,085) $

3,446
31,777

(a)  Represents available-for-sale securities at December 31, 2017 and 2016. Cost basis totaled $12,250 at both December 31, 2017 and 2016
and gross unrealized gains totaled $119,057 and $63,358 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. The year ended December 31, 2015 
includes income from available-for-sale securities for which the fair value option was elected.

(b) Represents investment in STCN convertible notes. Cost basis totaled $8,903 and $3,480 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, and 
gross unrealized gains totaled $1,484 and $870 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Changes in fair value are recorded in the 
Company's consolidated statements of operations as the Company elected the fair value option to account for this investment.

(c)  Represents investment in STCN preferred stock. On December 15, 2017, the Company entered into a Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement 
pursuant to which STCN issued Series C convertible voting preferred stock for an aggregate purchase consideration of $35,000. Each share 
of preferred stock can be converted into shares of STCN's common stock at an initial conversion price equal to $1.96 per share, subject to 
appropriate adjustments for any stock dividend, stock split, stock combination, reclassification or similar transaction, among other things. 
The convertible preferred shares, if converted as of December 31, 2017, when combined with the common shares owned by the Company, 
would result in the Company having a direct interest of approximately 46% of STCN's outstanding shares.

(d) SL Industries, Inc. was acquired during 2016. JPS Industries, Inc. was acquired during 2015. Prior to these dates, each was accounted for as 

a long-term investment of the Company.

(e)  Represents income from the SPII liquidating trusts, which were all fully liquidated by December 31, 2015. 
(f)  Represents Steel Excel's investment in iGo, Inc. ("iGo") of 45.0% and a 50% investment in API Optix s.r.o ("API Optix"), a joint venture 
investment held by API. For 2015, amounts recorded in the Company's consolidated statements of operations also include equity method 
income or loss from WFH LLC (formerly CoSine).

The Company had no proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities classified in long-term investments for the years 
ended December 31, 2017 and 2016. Proceeds from the sales of available-for-sale securities classified in long-term investments 
were $33,582 for the year ended December 31, 2015. The Company had gross realized gains of $27,275 and gross realized losses 
of $56 related to the sales of these available-for-sale securities, all of which are reported as a component of Other income, net in 
the Company's consolidated statements of operations for the for the year ended December 31, 2015.

Also, in 2015 Cosine received a special dividend of approximately $5,500 which is included in Other income, net in the 
Company's consolidated statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2015. As a result, management determined 
there to be an other-than-temporary impairment in the stock price and recorded an impairment charge of approximately $5,500. 

Equity Method Investments 

75

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The Company's investments in associated companies are accounted for under the equity method of accounting (see Note 
2 - "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies" for additional information). Associated companies are included in either the 
Diversified Industrial, Energy or Corporate and Other segments. Certain associated companies have a fiscal year end that differs 
from  December  31. Additional  information  for  each  of  SPLP's  investments  in  associated  companies  that  have  impacted  the 
Company's consolidated statements of operations during 2017, 2016 or 2015 is as follows:

Equity Method, Carried At Fair Value:

•  STCN (formerly ModusLink Global Solutions, Inc.) provides supply chain and logistics services to companies in the consumer 
electronics, communications, computing, software, storage and retail industries. STCN had issued the Company warrants to 
purchase an additional 2,000,000 shares at $5.00 per share. Such warrants were terminated in 2017. 

•  Aviat is a global provider of microwave networking solutions. Prior to being classified as an equity method investment in 
January 2015, the investment in Aviat was accounted for as an available-for-sale security, and upon the change in classification 
the Company recognized a loss of approximately $2,800 that had previously been included as a component of AOCI.

•  The Other investment represents the Company's investment in a Japanese real estate partnership. 
•  SLI  and  JPS,  which  were  previously  classified  as  equity  method  investments,  were  acquired  by  HNH  in  2016  and  2015, 

respectively (see Note 3 - "Acquisitions" for additional information), and therefore are now consolidated subsidiaries.

•  API Tech is a designer and manufacturer of high performance systems, subsystems, modules, and components. In April 2016, 
API Tech consummated a merger pursuant to which holders of its common stock received $2.00 for each share held. Upon 
consummation of the merger, Steel Excel received $22,900 for its investment in API Tech, and Steel Excel no longer had an 
investment in API Tech.

Equity Method, Carried at Cost: 

•  Steel Excel has an investment in iGo, a provider of accessories for mobile devices. The investment is being accounted for under 
the traditional equity method. Based on the closing market price of iGo's publicly-traded shares, the value of the investment 
in iGo was approximately $3,400 and $3,700 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

•  API has a 50% joint venture in API Optix with IQ Structures s.r.o. API Optix provides development and origination services 
in the field of micro and nano-scale surface relief technology. The investment, based in Prague, Czech Republic, is being 
accounted for under the equity method as an associated company.

The below summary balance sheet and income statement amounts include results for associated companies for the periods 
in which they were accounted for as an associated company, or the nearest practicable twelve-month period corresponding to the 
Company's fiscal year. 

Summary of balance sheet amounts:

Current assets

Non-current assets

Total assets

Current liabilities

Non-current liabilities

Total liabilities

Equity

Total liabilities and equity

Summary income statement amounts:

Revenue

Gross profit

Loss from continuing operations

Net loss after noncontrolling interests

Other Investments

December 31,

2017

2016

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

257,846

23,452

281,298

149,155

69,172

218,327

62,971

281,298

$

317,014

28,169

345,183

200,966

67,483

268,449

76,734

345,183

Year Ended December 31,
2016

2015

2017

$

436,620

$

541,540

$

36,365

(24,409)

(25,827)

43,589

(48,801)

(50,007)

780,040

119,148

(20,471)

(16,371)

76

 
 
In  2016,  Steel  Excel  fully-impaired  a  promissory  note  and  recognized  an  impairment  charge  of  $3,000.  Steel  Excel 
previously held a $25,000 cost-method investment in a limited partnership that co-invested with other private investment funds 
in a public company. Upon liquidation, the Company recognized a gain on the non-monetary exchange of approximately $9,300
based on the fair value of the shares received of $34,300. The shares of common stock of the public company investee received 
are reported with the Company's marketable securities and are classified as "available-for-sale" securities at December 31, 2016.

WebBank had $32,816 and $11,558 of held-to-maturity securities at December 31, 2017 and 2016. WebBank records 
these securities at amortized cost, and they are included in Other non-current assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. 
The dollar value of these securities with expected maturities between one and five years is $8,580, five through ten years is $22,552
and after ten years in $1,684. Actual maturities may differ from expected or contractual maturities because borrowers may have 
the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties. The securities are collateralized by unsecured 
consumer loans. These securities had an estimated fair value of $32,842 and $11,556 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

10. DEPOSITS

A summary of WebBank deposits is as follows:

Time deposits year of maturity:

2017

2018

2019

2020

Total time deposits

Money market deposits

Total deposits (a)

Current

Long-term

Total deposits

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$

$

$

$

— $

191,528

115,819

89,974

397,321

113,679

511,000

305,207

205,793

511,000

$

$

$

105,155

110,812

57,848

—

273,815

91,790

365,605

196,944

168,661

365,605

(a)  All time deposits accounts are under $250. The carrying value is considered to be representative of fair value because the rates of interest 
are not significantly different from market interest rates for instruments with similar maturities. The fair value of Deposits was $511,473 and 
$365,178 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. 

11. LONG-TERM DEBT 

Debt consists of the following: 

Short term debt:

API - foreign

HNH - foreign

Short-term debt
Long-term debt:

SPLP revolving facility

HNH revolving facilities

HNH other debt - domestic

HNH foreign loan facilities

Steel Excel term loan, net of unamortized debt issuance costs

API term loans

API revolving facilities

Subtotal

Less portion due within one year

Long-term debt
Total debt

December 31, 2017

December 31, 2016

$

$

$

913

711

1,624

406,981

—

6,062

—

—

—

—

413,043

459

412,584
414,667

$

832

553

1,385

58,651

267,224

6,493

1,019

36,195

11,142

12,330

393,054

62,928

330,126
394,439

Long-term debt as of December 31, 2017 matures in each of the next five years as follows:

Long-term debt

$

413,043

$

459

$

459

$

3,973

$

101

$

408,051

$

—

Total

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

Thereafter

77

 
 
 
SPLP Revolving Credit Facility

On November 14, 2017, SPH Group Holdings, Steel Excel, API Americas Inc., HNH and Cedar 2015 Limited (collectively, 
the "Borrowers"), each a direct or indirect subsidiary of the Company, entered into a credit agreement ("Credit Agreement") that 
consolidates a number of the Company's existing credit facilities into one combined, revolving credit facility covering substantially 
all of the Company's subsidiaries, with the exception of WebBank. The Credit Agreement provides for a revolving credit facility 
in an aggregate principal amount not to exceed $600,000, which includes a $55,000 subfacility for swing line loans and a $50,000
subfacility for standby letters of credit. The Credit Agreement also permits the Borrowers, under certain circumstances, to increase 
the aggregate principal amount of revolving credit commitments under the Credit Agreement by up to $150,000. Borrowings under 
the Credit Agreement bear interest, at the Borrower's option, at annual rates of either the Base Rate or the Euro-Rate, as defined, 
plus  an  applicable  margin  as  set  forth  in  the  Credit Agreement  (1.0%  and  2.00%,  respectively,  for  Base  Rate  and  Euro-Rate 
borrowings at December 31, 2017), and the Credit Agreement provides for a commitment fee to be paid on unused borrowings. 
The weighted average interest rate on the Credit Agreement was 3.52% at December 31, 2017. At December 31, 2017, letters of 
credit totaling $10,636 had been issued under the Credit Agreement, including $3,488 of the letters of credit guaranteeing various 
insurance activities, and $6,256 for environmental and other matters. The Credit Agreement permits SPLP, the parent, to fund the 
dividends on its preferred units and its routine corporate expenses. The Company's total availability under the Credit Agreement, 
which  is  based  upon  earnings  and  certain  covenants  as  described  in  the  Credit Agreement,  was  approximately  $71,400  as  of 
December 31, 2017. 

The Credit Agreement will expire with all amounts outstanding due and payable, on November 14, 2022. The Credit 
Agreement is guaranteed by substantially all existing and thereafter acquired assets of the Borrowers and the Guarantors, as defined 
in the agreement, and a pledge of all of the issued and outstanding shares of capital stock of each of the Borrowers' and Guarantors' 
subsidiaries, and is fully guaranteed by the Guarantors. The Credit Agreement is subject to certain mandatory prepayment provisions 
and restrictive and financial covenants, which include a maximum ratio limit on Total Leverage and a minimum ratio limit on 
Interest Coverage, as defined. The Company was in compliance with all debt covenants at December 31, 2017.

SPLP's prior credit facility provided for a revolving credit facility with borrowing availability of up to $105,000. Amounts 
outstanding under the prior credit facility bore interest at SPLP's option at either LIBOR or the Base Rate, as defined, plus an 
applicable margin under the loan agreement, and required a commitment fee to be paid on unused borrowings. Any amounts 
outstanding under the prior credit facility were paid in full on October 23, 2017.

HNH Debt

Senior Credit Facility

As part of SPLP's new Credit Agreement, HNH paid all amounts outstanding under their prior senior credit facility on 
November 14, 2017. HNH's prior senior credit facility, as amended, consisted of a revolving credit facility in an aggregate principal 
amount not to exceed $400,000, a $20,000 sublimit for the issuance of letters of credit and a $20,000 sublimit for the issuance of 
swing loans. Borrowings under the Senior Credit Facility bore interest at HNH's option, at either LIBOR or the Base Rate, as 
defined, plus an applicable margin as set forth in the loan agreement. In addition, HNH was required to pay commitment fees per 
annum on the daily unused amount of the revolving loans. 

Master Lease Agreement

During the year ended December 31, 2016, HNH entered into a master lease agreement with TD Equipment Finance, 
Inc. ("TD Equipment"), which establishes the general terms and conditions for a $10,000 credit facility under which HNH may 
lease equipment and other property from TD Equipment pursuant to the terms of individual lease schedules. As of December 31, 
2017, $6,596 was outstanding under the master lease agreement, which is included in Other non-current liabilities on the Company's 
consolidated balance sheet. As of December 31, 2016, no leases had been entered into under the master lease agreement.

Steel Excel Loans

As part of SPLP's new Credit Agreement, Steel Excel paid all amounts outstanding under their prior credit agreement on 
November 14, 2017. Steel Excel's prior credit agreement provided for a borrowing capacity of $105,000 consisting of a $95,000
secured term loan and up to $10,000 in revolving loans, subject to a borrowing base of 85% of the eligible trade receivables. 
Borrowings under the prior credit agreement bore interest at annual rates of either (i) the Base Rate plus an applicable margin or 

78

 
 
 
 
 
(ii) LIBOR plus an applicable margin. The applicable margin for both Base Rate and LIBOR was determined based on the leverage 
ratio calculated in accordance with the prior credit agreement. 

API Long-Term Debt Facilities 

Term Loans

As part of SPLP's new Credit Agreement, API paid all amounts outstanding on their term loans on November 14, 2017. 

API's prior term loans principally bore interest at LIBOR plus 3.00%.

Revolving Facilities

As part of SPLP's new Credit Agreement, API paid all amounts outstanding under their prior credit facilities in the UK 
and U.S. API's prior credit facility in the UK was a multi-currency revolving agreement of £13,500 (approximately $16,500) that 
bore interest at LIBOR plus a margin of between 1.50% and 2.40%. The prior credit facility in the U.S. bore interest at LIBOR 
plus 3.00%. 

12. FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS 

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, financial instrument liabilities and related restricted cash consisted of $15,629 and 
$12,640, respectively, of short sales of corporate securities. Activity is summarized below for financial instrument liabilities and 
related restricted cash:

Balance, beginning of period

Settlement of short sales of corporate securities

Short sales of corporate securities

Net investment losses
Balance of financial instrument liabilities and related restricted cash, end of period

Short Sales of Corporate Securities

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

12,640

$

(94)

165

2,918

15,629

$

21,639

(9,229)

170

60

12,640

$

$

From time to time, Steel Excel enters into short sale transactions on certain corporate securities in which Steel Excel 
receives proceeds from the sale of such securities and incurs obligations to deliver such securities at a later date. Upon initially 
entering into such short sale transactions, Steel Excel recognizes a liability equal to the fair value of the obligation, with a comparable 
amount of cash and cash equivalents reclassified as restricted cash. Subsequent changes in the fair value of such obligations, 
determined based on the closing market price of the securities, are recognized currently as gains or losses, with a comparable 
adjustment made between unrestricted and restricted cash.

Foreign Currency Forward Contracts

API enters into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge certain of its receivables and payables denominated in other 
currencies. In addition, API enters into foreign currency forward contracts to hedge the value of certain of its future sales denominated 
in Euros and the value of its future purchases denominated in USD. These hedges have settlement dates ranging through December 
2018. The forward contracts that are used to hedge the risk of foreign exchange movement on its receivables and payables are 
accounted for as fair value hedges. At December 31, 2017, there was a contract in place to buy Sterling and sell Euros in the amount 
of €10,000 .The fair values of these derivatives are recognized as derivative assets and liabilities on the Company's consolidated 
balance sheets. The net change in fair value of the derivative assets and liabilities are recognized in the Company's consolidated 
statements of operations. The forward contracts that are used to hedge the value of API's future sales and purchases are accounted 
for as cash flow hedges. At December 31, 2017, there were contracts in place to hedge the value of future sales denominated in 
Euros in the amount of €20,175  and the value of future purchases denominated in USD in the amount of $4,875. These hedges 
are fully effective, and, accordingly the changes in fair value are recorded in AOCI and, at maturity, any gain or loss on the forward 
contract is reclassified from AOCI into the Company's consolidated statements of operations. For additional information on the 
Company's accounting policy related to foreign forward currency contracts, see Note 2 - "Summary of Significant Accounting 
Policies." 

WebBank - Derivative Financial Instruments

79

 
 
 
 
 
 
WebBank's derivative financial instruments represent on-going economic interests in loans made after they are sold. These 
derivatives are carried at fair value on a gross basis in Other non-current assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheet at 
December 31, 2017 and are classified within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy (see Note 17 - "Fair Value Measurements"). At 
December 31, 2017, derivatives outstanding mature within 3 to 5 years. Gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value of 
derivative instruments are accounted for in the Company's consolidated statements of operations in Financial services revenue. 
Fair value represents the estimated amounts that WebBank would receive or pay to terminate the contracts at the reporting date 
based on a discounted cash flow model for the same or similar instruments. WebBank does not enter into derivative contracts for 
speculative or trading purposes.

Call and Put Options

For the year ended December 31, 2017, the Company sold call options for proceeds of approximately $230 and purchased 
put options totaling $783 related to an exchange traded index fund. The options are traded in active markets, and accordingly, the 
Company records the fair value  of the options  through the use of quoted prices and records any  changes in  fair value in the 
consolidated statements of operations in Other (income) expenses, net. These derivative financial instruments are classified within 
Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy.

Precious Metal and Commodity Inventories

As of December 31, 2017, the Company had the following outstanding forward contracts with settlement dates ranging 

through January 2018. There were no futures contracts outstanding at December 31, 2017.

Commodity

Amount

Notional Value

Silver

Gold

Copper

Tin

137,157 ounces

800 ounces

275,000 pounds

25 metric tons

$

$

$

$

2,294

1,032

858

482

Of the total forward contracts outstanding, 17,157 ounces of silver and substantially all the copper contracts are designated 
and accounted for as fair value hedges and are associated primarily with the Company's precious metal inventory carried at fair 
value. The remaining outstanding forward contracts for silver, and all the contracts for gold and tin, are accounted for as economic 
hedges. For additional information on the Company's accounting policy related to these fair value hedges, see Note 2 - "Summary 
of Significant Accounting Policies." 

The forward contracts were made with a counterparty rated A+ by Standard & Poors. Accordingly, the Company has 
determined that there is minimal credit risk of default. The Company estimates the fair value of its derivative contracts through 
the use of market quotes or with the assistance of brokers when market information is not available. The Company maintains 
collateral on account with the third-party broker. Such collateral consists of both cash that varies in amount depending on the value 
of open contracts, as well as ounces of precious metal held on account by the broker.

The fair value and carrying amount of derivative instruments on the Company's consolidated balance sheets and the effect 

of derivative instruments in the Company's consolidated statements of operations is shown in the tables below: 

Derivative

Balance Sheet Location

2017

2016

December 31,

Commodity contracts (a), (b)

Commodity contracts (c)

Foreign exchange forward contracts (a), (d)
Foreign exchange forward contracts (a), (b)
Economic interest in loans (c)
Call options

Put options

Total derivatives

Accrued liabilities

(Accrued liabilities)/Prepaid expenses and other
current assets
Prepaid expenses and other current assets/
(Accrued liabilities)/
Accrued liabilities

Other non-current assets

Other current liabilities

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

$

$

(49) $

(78)

166

(188)

13,126

(258)

3

12,722

$

(111)

3

(872)

(76)

6,162

—

—

5,106

80

 
 
Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

Derivative

Statements of Operations Location

Gain (Loss)

Gain (Loss)

Gain (Loss)

Commodity contracts (a), (b)
Commodity contracts (c)
Commodity contracts (c)
Interest rate swap agreements (c)
Foreign exchange forward contracts (a), (d)
Foreign exchange forward contracts (a), b)
Economic interest in loans (c)
Call options

Put options

Total derivatives

Cost of goods sold

Cost of goods sold

Realized and unrealized (loss) gain on derivatives

Interest expense

Revenue/Cost of goods sold

Other (expenses) income, net

Revenue

Other expenses, net

Other expenses, net

$

(435) $

(1,520) $

1,467

(61)

(145)

—

(1,357)

(339)

8,902

(28)

(780)

(257)

148

—

(1,404)

(700)

7,148

—

—

246

588

(77)

2,063

21

—

—

—

$

5,757

$

3,415

$

4,308

(a) 
(b) 
(c) 
(d) 

Designated as hedging instruments.
Fair value hedge.
Economic hedge.
Cash flow hedge.

Financial Instruments with Off-Balance Sheet Risk

WebBank is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk. In the normal course of business, these financial 
instruments  include  commitments  to  extend  credit  in  the  form  of  loans  as  part  of  WebBank's  lending  arrangements.  Those 
instruments  involve  to  varying  degrees,  elements  of  credit  and  interest  rate  risk  in  excess  of  the  amount  recognized  on  the 
consolidated balance sheet. The contract amounts of those instruments reflect the extent of involvement WebBank has in particular 
classes of financial instruments.

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, WebBank's undisbursed loan commitments totaled $148,529 and $184,784, respectively. 
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a borrower who meets the lending criteria through one of WebBank's 
lending agreements, provided there is no violation of any condition established in the contract with the counterparty to the lending 
arrangement.

Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Since 
certain  of  the  commitments  are  expected  to  expire  without  the  credit  being  extended,  the  total  commitment  amounts  do  not 
necessarily represent future cash requirements. WebBank evaluates each prospective borrower's credit worthiness on a case-by-
case basis. The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by WebBank upon extension of credit, is based on management's 
credit evaluation of the borrower and WebBank's counterparty.

WebBank's exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for 
commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments. WebBank uses the same credit policy 
in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.

WebBank estimates an allowance for potential losses on off-balance sheet contingent credit exposures related to the 
guaranteed amount of its Small Business Administration ("SBA") and United States Department of Agriculture ("USDA") loans 
and whether or not the SBA/USDA honors the guarantee. WebBank determines the allowance for these contingent credit exposures 
based on historical experience and portfolio analysis. The allowance is included in Other non-current liabilities on the Company's 
consolidated balance sheets, with any related increases or decreases in the reserve included in SG&A in the Company's consolidated 
statements of operations. The allowance was $188 at both December 31, 2017 and 2016.

13. PENSION AND OTHER POST-RETIREMENT BENEFITS

HNH maintains several qualified and non-qualified pension plans and other post-retirement benefit plans. API maintains 
a pension plan in the United Kingdom ("API Plan") and a pension plan in the U.S. which is not significant. HNH's and API's 
significant pension, health care benefit and defined contribution plans are discussed below. The Company's other pension and post-
retirement benefit plans are not significant individually or in the aggregate.

Qualified Pension Plans - HNH

81

 
HNH sponsors a defined benefit pension plan, the WHX Pension Plan, covering many of H&H's employees and certain 
employees of H&H's former subsidiary, Wheeling-Pittsburgh Corporation ("WPC"). The WHX Pension Plan was established in 
May 1998 as a result of the merger of the former H&H plans, which covered substantially all H&H employees, and the WPC 
plan. The WPC plan, covering most United Steel Workers of America-represented employees of WPC, was created pursuant to a 
collective bargaining agreement ratified on August 12, 1997. Prior to that date, benefits were provided through a defined contribution 
plan, the Wheeling-Pittsburgh Steel Corporation Retirement Security Plan ("RSP Plan"). The assets of the RSP Plan were merged 
into the WPC plan as of December 1, 1997. Under the terms of the WHX Pension Plan, the benefit formula and provisions for the 
WPC and H&H participants continued as they were designed under each of the respective plans prior to the merger.

The qualified pension benefits under the WHX Pension Plan were frozen as of December 31, 2005 and April 30, 2006 
for hourly and salaried non-bargaining participants, respectively, with the exception of a single operating unit. In 2011, the benefits 
were frozen for the remainder of the participants. WPC employees ceased to be active participants in the WHX Pension Plan 
effective July 31, 2003, and as a result, such employees no longer accrue benefits under the WHX Pension Plan.

JPS sponsors a defined benefit pension plan ("JPS Pension Plan"), which was assumed in connection with HNH's JPS 
acquisition. Under the JPS Pension Plan, substantially all JPS employees who were employed prior to April 1, 2005 have benefits. 
The JPS Pension Plan was frozen effective December 31, 2005. Employees no longer earned additional benefits after that date. 
Benefits earned prior to December 31, 2005 will be paid out to eligible participants following retirement. The JPS Pension Plan 
was "unfrozen" for employees who were active employees on or after June 1, 2012. This new benefit, calculated based on years 
of service and a capped average salary, will be added to the amount of any pre-2005 benefit. The JPS Pension Plan was again 
frozen for all future accruals effective December 31, 2015, although unvested participants may still vest in accrued but unvested 
benefits.

Some of the Company's foreign subsidiaries provide retirement benefits for their employees through defined contribution 
plans or otherwise provide retirement benefits for employees consistent with local practices. The foreign plans are not significant 
in the aggregate and, therefore, are not included in the following disclosures.

Pension benefits under the WHX Pension Plan are based on years of service and the amount of compensation earned 
during the participants' employment. However, as noted above, the qualified pension benefits have been frozen for all participants. 

Pension benefits for the WPC bargained participants include both defined benefit and defined contribution features, since 
the plan includes the account balances from the RSP Plan. The gross benefit, before offsets, is calculated based on years of service 
and the benefit multiplier under the plan. The net defined benefit pension plan benefit is the gross amount offset for the benefits 
payable  from  the  RSP  Plan  and  benefits  payable  by  the  Pension  Benefit  Guaranty  Corporation  from  previously  terminated 
plans. Individual employee accounts established under the RSP Plan are maintained until retirement. Upon retirement, participants 
who are eligible for the WHX Pension Plan and maintain RSP Plan account balances will normally receive benefits from the WHX 
Pension Plan. When these participants become eligible for benefits under the WHX Pension Plan, their vested balances in the RSP 
Plan become assets of the WHX Pension Plan. Although these RSP Plan assets cannot be used to fund any of the net benefit that 
is the basis for determining the defined benefit plan's net benefit obligation at the end of the year, the Company has included the 
amount of the RSP Plan accounts of $14,800 and $13,100 on a gross-basis as both assets and liabilities of the plan as of December 31, 
2017 and 2016, respectively.

On December 30, 2016, the WHX Pension Plan was split into two plans by spinning off certain plan participants with 
smaller benefit obligations (which in the aggregate were equal to approximately 3.0% of the assets of the WHX Pension Plan), 
and assets equal thereto, to a new separate plan, the WHX Pension Plan II. The benefits of participants under the WHX Pension 
Plan II are equal to their accrued benefits under the benefit formula that was applicable to each participant under the WHX Pension 
Plan at the time of the plan spin-off. The total benefit liabilities of the two plans after the spin-off were equal to the benefit liabilities 
of the WHX Pension Plan immediately before the spin-off, and under the applicable spin-off rules, the WHX Pension Plan II is 
considered fully funded.

Certain current and retired employees of HNH are covered by a qualified post-retirement medical benefit plan, which 
provides benefits for medical expenses and prescription drugs. Contributions from a majority of the participants are required, and 
for those retirees and spouses, HNH's payments are capped. 

Actuarial losses for the WHX Pension Plan are being amortized over the average future lifetime of the participants, which 
is expected to be approximately 19 years, and for the JPS Plan, 16 years. The Company believes that use of the future lifetime of 
the participants is appropriate because the plans are inactive.

82

 
  
 
API Plan

The API Plan is a defined benefit pension plan providing benefits based on final pensionable earnings, as defined in the 
API Plan, funded by the payment of contributions to a separately administered trust fund. Benefits under the API Plan were frozen 
and the plan was closed to new participants in December 2008. 

Certain employees of API's Rahway, New Jersey plant participate in a multiemployer pension plan. For the year ended 
December 31, 2017, API recorded a one-time charge of $4,300 related to pension obligations associated with the closure of the 
Rahway, New Jersey plant, which charge is not included in the table below.

The following table presents the components of pension expense and other post-retirement benefit (income) expense for 

the HNH and API benefit plans:

Service cost

Interest cost

Expected return on plan assets

Amortization of prior service cost

Amortization of actuarial loss
Settlement/Curtailment

Total

Pension Benefits

Other Post-Retirement Benefits

2017

2016

2015

2017

2016

2015

— $

— $

54

$

— $

— $

21,910

(25,969)

—

9,228
—

5,169

$

23,438

(29,356)

—

8,320
14

2,416

$

24,870

(29,253)

—

6,229
—

1,900

33

—

(103)

48
—

35

—

(103)

47
—

$

(22) $

(21) $

—

46

—
(103)
37
—
(20)

$

$

Actuarial assumptions used to develop the components of pension expense and other post-retirement benefit (income) 

expense were as follows:

Discount rates:

WHX Pension Plan

WHX Pension Plan II

JPS Pension Plan

API Pension Plan

Other post-retirement benefit plans

HNH expected return on assets

API expected return on assets

Rate of compensation increase

Health care cost trend rate - initial

Health care cost trend rate - ultimate

Year ultimate reached

Pension Benefits

Other Post-Retirement Benefits

2017

2016

2015

2017

2016

2015

3.84%

3.64%

3.81%

2.65%

N/A

6.50%

3.87%

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

4.01%

—%

3.93%

3.80%

N/A

7.00%

4.84%

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

3.70%

—%

4.00%

3.70%

N/A

7.00%

4.61%

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

3.74%

3.89%

3.55%

N/A

N/A

N/A

6.25%

5.00%

2022

N/A

N/A

N/A

6.50%

5.00%

2022

N/A

N/A

N/A

6.75%

5.00%

2022

HNH's pension expense in 2016 was favorably impacted by a change in the manner by which the interest cost component 
of net periodic pension expense was determined; specifically, by utilizing the "spot rate approach," which provides a more precise 
measurement of interest cost. The impact of this change was to reduce annual pension expense in 2016 by approximately $4,800.  
The Company also utilized the "spot rate approach" in 2017 and expects to utilize this method in future periods.

The measurement date for plan obligations is December 31. The discount rate is the rate at which the plans' obligations 

could be effectively settled and is based on high quality bond yields as of the measurement date.

Summarized below is a reconciliation of the funded status for HNH's and API's qualified defined benefit pension plans 

and other post-retirement benefit plan:

83

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
HNH Plans

API Plan

Pension Benefits

Pension Benefits

Other Post-Retirement
Benefits

2017

2016

2017

2016

2017

2016

Change in benefit obligation:

Benefit obligation at January 1

$

597,405

$

613,394

$

136,564

$

139,039

$

1,152

$

1,213

Interest cost

Actuarial loss (gain)

Participant contributions

Benefits paid

Impact of foreign exchange rate

Benefit obligation at December 31

Change in plan assets:

Fair value of plan assets at January 1

Actual returns on plan assets

Participant contributions

Benefits paid

Company contributions

Impact of foreign exchange rate

Fair value of plan assets at December 31

Funded status

Accumulated benefit obligation ("ABO") for
qualified defined benefit pension plans:

ABO at January 1

ABO at December 31

Amounts recognized on the consolidated balance
sheets:

Current liability

Non-current liability

Total

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

18,183

27,324

—

18,507

7,970

—

(41,718)

(42,466)

$

$

—

601,194

331,872

24,239

—

(41,718)

35,426

—

$

$

—

597,405

347,921

9,903

—

(42,466)

16,514

—

349,819

331,872

$

$

3,730

4,204

—

(5,338)

12,846

152,006

118,327

15,261

—

(5,338)

901

11,483

140,634

$

$

4,763

26,058

—

(6,812)

(26,484)

136,564

129,235

18,540

—

(6,797)

959

(23,610)

118,327

33

(107)

—

(75)

—

35
(3)
2
(95)
—

1,003

$

1,152

— $

—

—

(75)

75

—

—

—

—

2
(95)
93

—

—
(1,152)

(251,375) $

(265,533) $

(11,372) $

(18,237) $

(1,003) $

597,405

601,194

$

$

613,394

597,405

$

$

136,564

152,006

$

$

139,039

136,564

$

$

1,152

1,003

$

$

1,213

1,152

— $

— $

— $

— $

(251,375)

(265,533)

(11,372)

(18,237)

(105) $

(898)

(251,375) $

(265,533) $

(11,372) $

(18,237) $

(1,003) $

(107)
(1,045)
(1,152)

The weighted average assumptions used in the valuations at December 31 were as follows: 

Discount rates:

WHX Pension Plan

WHX Pension Plan II

JPS Pension Plan

API Pension Plan

Other post-retirement benefit plans

Health care cost trend rate - initial

Health care cost trend rate - ultimate

Year ultimate reached

Pension Benefits

Other Post-Retirement
Benefits

2017

2016

2017

2016

3.45%

3.33%

3.40%

2.50%

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

3.84%

3.64%

3.81%

2.65%

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

3.39%

6.50%

5.00%

2024

N/A

N/A

N/A

N/A

3.74%

6.25%

5.00%

2022

The effect of a 1% increase (decrease) in health care cost trend rates on benefit expense and on other post-retirement 

benefit obligations is not significant.

Pretax amounts included in Accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2017 and 2016 were as follows: 

Prior service credit

Net actuarial loss

Accumulated other comprehensive loss (income)

HNH Plans

API Plan

Pension Benefits

Pension Benefits

Other Post-Retirement
Benefits

2017

2016

2017

2016

2017

2016

$

$

— $

— $

— $

— $

(1,093) $

254,599

239,493

254,599

$

239,493

$

7,083

7,083

12,514

615

$

12,514

$

(478) $

(1,196)
770
(426)

84

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
  
 
 
 
 
 
  
The  pretax  amount  of  actuarial losses  and  prior  service  credit  included  in Accumulated  other  comprehensive  loss  at 

December 31, 2017 that is expected to be recognized in net periodic benefit cost in 2018 is $10,154. 

Other pretax changes in plan assets and benefit obligations recognized in comprehensive (loss) income are as follows:

HNH Plans

API Plan

Pension Benefits

Pension Benefits

Other Post-Retirement
Benefits

2017

2016

2015

2017

2016

2015

2017

2016

2015

Current year actuarial (loss) gain

Amortization of actuarial loss

Amortization of prior service credit

$(24,333) $(21,517) $(48,505) $ 6,339

$(13,156) $

(903) $

107

$

9,228

—

8,320

—

6,229

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

48

(103)

3

47

(103)

Total recognized in comprehensive (loss) income

$(15,105) $(13,197) $(42,276) $ 6,339

$(13,156) $

(903) $

52

$

(53) $

$

(159)

37

(103)

(225)

The actuarial losses in 2017 in the HNH Plans occurred principally because the discount rate used to measure benefit 
obligations at the end of the fiscal year decreased from the prior fiscal year-end. In 2016 and 2015, the actuarial losses occurred 
principally because the investment returns on the assets of the pension plans were lower than actuarial assumptions.

Benefit obligations were in excess of plan assets for each of the pension plans and the other post-retirement benefit plan 
at both December 31, 2017 and 2016. Additional information for the plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of plan 
assets: 

Projected benefit obligation

Accumulated benefit obligation

Fair value of plan assets

HNH Plans

API Plan

Pension Benefits

Pension Benefits

Other Post-Retirement
Benefits

2017

2016

2017

2016

2017

2016

$

$

$

601,194

601,194

349,819

$

$

$

597,405

597,405

331,872

$

$

$

152,006

152,006

140,634

$

$

$

136,564

136,564

118,327

$

$

$

1,003

1,003

$

$

— $

1,152

1,152

—

In determining the expected long-term rate of return on plan assets, the Company evaluated input from various investment 
professionals. In addition, the Company considered its historical compound returns, as well as the Company's forward-looking 
expectations. The Company determines its actuarial assumptions for its pension and other post-retirement benefit plans each year 
to calculate liability information as of December 31, and pension and other post-retirement benefit expense or income for the 
following year. The discount rate assumption is derived from the rate of return on high-quality bonds as of December 31 of each 
year.

The Company's investment policy is to maximize the total rate of return with a view to long-term funding objectives of 
the pension plans to ensure that funds are available to meet benefit obligations when due. Pension plan assets are diversified to 
the extent necessary to minimize risk and to achieve an optimal balance between risk and return. There are no target allocations. The 
HNH  Plans'  assets  are  diversified  as  to  type  of  assets,  investment  strategies  employed  and  number  of  investment  managers 
used. Investments  may  include  equities,  fixed  income,  cash  equivalents,  convertible  securities,  and  private  investment 
funds. Derivatives may be used as part of the investment strategy. The Company may direct the transfer of assets between investment 
managers in order to rebalance the portfolio in accordance with asset allocation guidelines established by the Company.

The fair value of pension investments is defined by reference to one of three categories (Level 1, Level 2 or Level 3) 
based on the reliability of inputs, as such terms are defined in Note 2 - "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies." HNH's 
pension plans assets at December 31, 2017 and 2016, by asset category, are as follows: 

85

 
 
 
 
 
  
 
Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2017:

Asset Class

Equity securities:

U.S. mid-cap

U.S. large-cap

U.S. small-cap

International large-cap

Fixed income securities

Mortgage backed securities

U.S. Government debt securities

Corporate bonds and loans

Convertible promissory notes

Stock warrants

Private company common stock

Subtotal

Pension assets measured at net asset value (1)
Hedge funds: (2)

Equity long/short

Event driven

Value driven

Private equity - asset based lending - maritime (3)
Funds of funds - long-term capital growth (4)
Common trust funds: (2)

Other

Insurance separate account (5)
Total pension assets measured at net asset value

Cash and cash equivalents

Net receivables
Total pension assets

Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2016:

Asset Class

Equity securities:

U.S. mid-cap

U.S. large-cap

Convertible promissory notes

Stock warrants

Subtotal

Pension assets measured at net asset value (1)
Hedge funds: (2)

Equity long/short

Event driven

Value driven

Funds of funds - long-term capital growth (4)
Common trust funds: (2)

Other

Insurance separate account (5)
Total pension assets measured at net asset value

Cash and cash equivalents

Net receivables
Total pension assets

Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2017

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

$

28,715

$

— $

— $

66,076

3,214

1,188

2,217

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

10,682

14,001

35,033

—

—

—

$

101,410

$

59,716

$

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4,202

193

1,050

5,445

28,715

66,076

3,214

1,188

2,217

10,682

14,001

35,033

4,202

193

1,050

166,571

45,147

49,757

19,960

8,466

12,517

3

15,009

150,859

28,397

3,992

$

349,819

Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2016

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

— $

— $

$

$

22,560

$

34,256

—

—

—

—

—

56,816

$

— $

—

3,500

875

4,375

22,560

34,256

3,500

875

61,191

6,832

47,771

17,648

8,325

78

14,391

95,045

175,435

201

$

331,872

(1)  Certain investments that are measured at fair value using the net asset value per share (or its equivalent) practical expedient have not been 

classified in the fair value hierarchy.

(2)  Hedge funds and common trust funds are comprised of shares or units in commingled funds that may not be publicly traded. The underlying 

assets in these funds are primarily publicly traded equity securities and fixed income securities.

(3)  The limited partnership is a direct lending private debt fund which serves as an alternative source of liquidity for the shipping industry.

86

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
(4)  The limited partnership operates as a fund of funds. The underlying assets in this fund are generally expected to be illiquid. The limited 
partnership's investment strategy is to seek above-average rates of return and long-term capital growth by investing in a broad range of 
investments,  including,  but  not  limited  to,  global  distressed  corporate  securities,  activist  equities,  value  equities,  post-reorganizational 
equities, municipal bonds, high yield bonds, leveraged loans, unsecured debt, collateralized debt obligations, mortgage-backed securities, 
commercial mortgage-backed securities, direct lending and sovereign debt. 

(5)  The JPS Pension Plan holds a deposit administration group annuity contract with an immediate participation guarantee from Transamerica 
Life Insurance Company ("TFLIC"). The TFLIC contract unconditionally guarantees benefits to certain salaried JPS Pension Plan participants 
earned through June 30, 1984 in the pension plan of a predecessor employer. The assets deposited under the contract are held in a separate 
custodial account ("TFLIC Assets"). If the TFLIC Assets decrease to the level of the trigger point (as defined in the contract), which represents 
the guaranteed benefit obligation representing the accumulated plan benefits as of June 30, 1984, TFLIC has the right to cause annuities to 
be purchased for the individuals covered by these contract agreements. Since the TFLIC Assets have remained in excess of the trigger point, 
no annuities have been purchased for the individuals covered by these contract arrangements.

API's pension plans' assets at December 31, 2017 and 2016 by asset category, are as follows:

Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2017:

Asset Class

Equities

Bonds

Property
Liability-driven instrument (1)
Private markets

Cash and cash equivalents
Total pension assets

Fair Value Measurements as of December 31, 2016:

Asset Class

Equities

Bonds

Property
Liability-driven instrument (1)
Hedge funds (2)
Cash and cash equivalents
Total pension assets

Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2017

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

$

67,634

$

— $

— $

—

—

—

—

448

14,568

13,159

30,980

—

—

—

—

—

13,845

—

67,634

14,568

13,159

30,980

13,845

448

$

68,082

$

58,707

$

13,845

$

140,634

Assets at Fair Value as of December 31, 2016

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

$

55,889

$

— $

— $

—

—

—

—

70

12,805

15,087

27,016

7,460

—

—

—

—

—

—

55,889

12,805

15,087

27,016

7,460

70

$

55,959

$

62,368

$

— $

118,327

(1)  Represents investments in pooled funds. This is a method of investing whereby a portfolio of assets is built with the objective of moving 
in-line with liabilities. The assets are typically derivative instruments based on government bonds or instruments called swaps which are 
exposed to the same liability sensitivities (interest rates and inflation) as the pension liabilities.

(2)  Hedge Funds are pooled investment vehicles that may invest in a wide-range of underlying asset classes, including but not limited to equities 
and various fixed-income securities as well as alternative investments. These funds have an objective to produce positive returns in all 
market conditions. Hedge Funds will typically make extensive use of derivatives and may employ leverage to achieve their objective.

There were no assets for which fair value was determined using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during 2015 

for the HNH Plans. During 2017 and 2016, changes in the HNH Plans' Level 3 assets were as follows:

Changes in Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Year Ended December 31, 2017

Beginning balance as of January 1, 2017

Transfers into Level 3

Transfers out of Level 3

Gains or losses included in changes in net assets

Purchases, issuances, sales and settlements

Purchases

Issuances

Sales

Settlements

Convertible
Promissory
Notes

Stock
Warrants

Private
Company
Common
Stock

Total

$

3,500

$

875

$

— $

4,375

—

—

702

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

193

—

(875)

—

—

175

875

—

—

—

—

—

877

875

193

—

(875)

5,445

Ending balance as of December 31, 2017

$

4,202

$

193

$

1,050

$

87

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Changes in Fair Value Measurements Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)

Year Ended December 31, 2016

Beginning balance as of January 1, 2016

Transfers into Level 3

Transfers out of Level 3

Gains or losses included in changes in net assets

Purchases, issuances, sales and settlements

Purchases

Issuances

Sales

Settlements

Convertible
Promissory
Notes

Stock
Warrants

Total

$

— $

— $

—

—

—

3,500

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

875

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

—

4,375

—

—

—

Ending balance as of December 31, 2016

$

3,500

$

875

$

4,375

The Company's policy is to recognize transfers in and transfers out of Level 3 as of the date of the event or change in 

circumstances that caused the transfer.

There were no assets for which fair value was determined using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) during 2015 
and 2016 for the API Plan. In 2017, changes in the API Plan's Level 3 net assets consisted of transfers in of $13,395 and a gain of 
$450. 

The following tables present the category, fair value, unfunded commitments, redemption frequency and redemption 
notice period of those assets for which fair value was estimated using the net asset value per share (or its equivalents), as well as 
plan assets which have redemption notice periods, as of December 31, 2017 and 2016:

Class Name

Hedge funds

Hedge funds

Hedge funds

Hedge funds

Hedge funds

Fund of funds

Hedge funds

Hedge funds

Description

Global long short feeder fund

US long small cap value hedge fund

International equity long/short hedge fund

Multi-strategy hedge fund

Value driven hedge fund

Long-term capital growth

Equity long/short hedge funds

Event driven hedge funds

Common trust funds

Collective equity investment funds

Insurance separate account

Insurance separate account

Private equity

Private equity

Private equity

Asset-based lending-maritime

Value oriented partnership investment fund

Opportunistic long/short private investment
fund

Offshore feeder fund

Pan-Asia equity long/short

Fair Value
December 31,
2017

Unfunded
Commitments

Redemption
Frequency

Redemption
Notice Period

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

11,416

10,003

11,504

1,756

19,960

12,517

10,468

49,757

3

15,009

8,466

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

— $

— $

— $

—

Monthly (1)

— Quarterly (2)

90 days

90 days

— Quarterly (3)

90 days (3)

3,250

—

23,958

—

—

—

—

1,444

12,500

3,000

3,000

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

Monthly

Daily

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(4)

6 months

95 days

60 days

90 days

0-2 days

(8)

(9)

(10)

(11)

(12)

(1)  3 year lock up and 5% redemption fee if under 3 years. Annual limited redemption of 10% per shareholder in any twelve month period, 

subject to 30 days' notice.

(2)  Maximum withdrawal is 25%. Can withdraw 100% over 4 consecutive calendar quarters in 25% increments.
(3)  Redemptions are subject to (i) a rolling thirty-six month holding period and (ii) a one-quarter investor level gate. There is a holdback of 

10% upon complete distribution until completion of the audit of the fund for that year, without interest.

(4)  Limited partnership formed in 2017. Commitment of $5,000, no right to withdraw. The fund has a four years duration with the option for 

two additional 1 year extensions.

(5)  5 year staggered lockup period. One-third of the investment on each of December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022.
(6)  Each capital commitment is subject to a commitment period of 3 years during which capital may be drawn-down, subject to two 1-year 
extensions. During the commitment period, no withdrawals are permitted. Once permitted, withdrawals of available liquidity in underlying 
investment vehicles is permitted quarterly. The fund-of-funds will not invest in any fund or investment vehicle that has an initial lock-up 
period of more than 5 years. Upon complete redemption, a holdback of up to 10% is withheld and paid after the fund's financial statement 
audit. 

(7)  Redeemable annually subject to 3 years rolling, staggered lock up period. Upon complete redemption, a holdback of up to 10% is withheld 

and paid after the fund's financial statement audit.

88

 
  
(8)  Except for benefit payments to participants and beneficiaries and related expenses, withdrawals are restricted for substantially all of the 
assets in the account, as defined in the contract. However, a suspension or transfer can be requested with 30 days' notice. When funds are 
exhausted either by benefit payments, purchase of annuity contracts or transfer, the related contract terminates.

(9)  Entered into an agreement effective December 15, 2016 with a commitment of $10,000. The agreement contains a commitment period of 
3 years, subject to an extension of up to one additional year. Voluntary withdrawals are not permitted. Complete distributions will be made 
after 8 years, subject to an extension of an additional 2 years.

(10) Entered into an agreement effective September 8, 2016 for a commitment of $12,500 to a limited partnership private equity fund. Capital 
has not been called as of December 31, 2017. Voluntary withdrawals will not be permitted. Complete distributions will be made after 10 
years, subject to an extension of an additional one year. The agreement provided for loans to the fund, and as of December 31, 2017, a 
$3,000 loan receivable was outstanding from the fund. Per the loan agreement, a loan exists until the partnership issues a drawdown notice.  
Upon issuance of a drawdown notice, a capital contribution to the partnership will be deemed to be made and deemed to have repaid the 
loan to the extent of the capital contribution. 

(11)  During 2017, the WHX and JPS plans committed $5,000 to a fund which had a capital call for $2,000 due January 1, 2018, funded on 
December 29, 2017 and recorded as cash as of December 31, 2017. This fund's objective is generating returns on its long and short positions 
in companies undergoing change. 

(12) During 2017, the WHX and JPS plans committed $5,000 to a fund which had a capital call for $2,000 due January 1, 2018, funded on 
December 29, 2017 and recorded as cash as of December 31, 2017. The fund's investment focus is on companies with substantial exposure 
in the Asian-Pacific region. 

In addition to those on the table above, HNH has an additional unfunded commitment at December 31, 2017 totaling 

$10,000 for a separately managed investment account which will have an all-cap value strategy.

Class Name

Hedge funds

Fund of funds

Hedge funds

Hedge funds

Description

Value driven hedge fund

Long-term capital growth

Equity long/short hedge funds

Event driven hedge funds

Common trust funds

Collective equity investment funds

Insurance separate account

Insurance separate account

Private equity

Private equity

Asset-based lending-maritime

Value oriented partnership investment fund

Fair Value
December 31,
2016

Unfunded
Commitments

Redemption
Frequency

Redemption
Notice Period

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

17,648

8,325

6,832

47,771

78

14,391

$

$

$

$

$

$

—

27,022

6,250

—

—

—

— $

— $

10,000

12,500

(1)

(2)

(3)

Monthly

Daily

(4)

(5)

(6)

6 months

95 days

60 days

90 days

0-2 days

(4)

(5)

(6)

(1)  5 year staggered lockup period. One-third of the investment on each of December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022.
(2)  Each capital commitment is subject to a commitment period of 3 years during which capital may be drawn-down, subject to two one-year 
extensions. During the commitment period, no withdrawals are permitted. Once permitted, withdrawals of available liquidity in underlying 
investment vehicles is permitted quarterly. The fund-of-funds will not invest in any fund or investment vehicle that has an initial lock-up 
period of more than 5 years. Upon complete redemption, a holdback of up to 10% is withheld and paid after the fund's financial statement 
audit. 

(3)  Redeemable annually subject to 3 years rolling, staggered lock up period. Upon complete redemption, a holdback of up to 10% is withheld 

and paid after the fund's financial statement audit.

(4)  Except for benefit payments to participants and beneficiaries and related expenses, withdrawals are restricted for substantially all of the 
assets in the account, as defined in the contract. However, a suspension or transfer can be requested with 30 days' notice. When funds are 
exhausted either by benefit payments, purchase of annuity contracts or transfer, the related contract terminates.

(5)  Entered into an agreement effective December 15, 2016 with a commitment of $10,000. Capital had not been called as of December 31, 
2016. The agreement contains a commitment period of 3 years, subject to an extension of up to one additional year. Voluntary withdrawals 
are not permitted. Complete distributions will be made after 8 years, subject to an extension of an additional 2 years.

(6)  Entered into an agreement effective September 8, 2016 with a commitment of $12,500. Capital has not been called as of December 31, 
2016. Voluntary withdrawals are not permitted. Complete distributions will be made after 10 years, subject to an extension of an additional 
one year.

In addition to those on the table above, HNH had an additional unfunded commitment at December 31, 2016 which totaled 

$20,000 for a separately managed investment account which will have a U.S. mid/large-cap equity strategy.

Contributions

Employer contributions consist of funds paid from employer assets into a qualified pension trust account. HNH's funding 
policy is to contribute annually an amount that satisfies the minimum funding standards of the Employee Retirement Income 
Security Act. API's funding policy is to contribute monthly an amount that satisfies the API Plan's provisions to meet the level of 
assets needed to pay benefits in accordance with the statutory funding objectives required in the U.K.

89

 
 
 
 
HNH expects to have required minimum annual contributions for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021, 2022, and for the five years 
thereafter of $32,200, $33,400, $35,800, $31,400, $32,100 and $43,200, respectively. API expects to have required minimum 
annual contributions of $938 for 2018, 2019, 2020, 2021 and 2022, and $938 for the five years thereafter. Required future pension 
contributions are estimated based upon assumptions such as discount rates on future obligations, assumed rates of return on plan 
assets and legislative changes. Actual future pension costs and required funding obligations will be affected by changes in the 
factors  and  assumptions  described  in  the  previous  sentence,  as  well  as  other  changes  such  as  any  plan  termination  or  other 
acceleration events.

Benefit Payments

Estimated future benefit payments for the benefit plans over the next ten years are as follows: 

Years

2018

2019

2020

2021

2022

2023-2027

401(k) Plans

Pension Benefits

Other Post-
Retirement

HNH Plans

API Plan

Benefits

$

43,539

$

43,117

42,528

41,824

41,108

191,272

$

5,037

5,291

5,532

6,363

6,711

40,024

105

91

75

73

71

323

Certain employees participate in a SPLP sponsored savings plan which qualifies under Section 401(k) of the Internal 
Revenue Code. SPLP presently makes a contribution to match 50% of the first 6% of the employee's contribution. The charge to 
expense for SPLP's matching contributions totaled $290, $250 and $283 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, 
respectively. 

In addition, certain employees participate in a HNH sponsored savings plan which qualifies under Section 401(k) of the 
Internal Revenue Code. This savings plan allows eligible employees to contribute from 1% to 75% of their income on a pretax 
basis. HNH presently makes a contribution to match 50% of the first 6% of the employee's contribution. The charge to expense 
for HNH's matching contributions amounted to $2,200 in 2017, $2,200 in 2016 and $1,900 in 2015.

14. CAPITAL AND ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS 

As of December 31, 2017, the Company had 26,348,420 Class A units (regular common units) outstanding. 

Common Unit Repurchase Program

On December 7, 2016, the Board of Directors of the general partner of the Company approved the repurchase of up to 
2,000,000 of the Company's common units ("Repurchase Program"). The Repurchase Program supersedes and cancels, to the 
extent any amounts remain available, all previously approved repurchase programs. Any purchases made under the Repurchase 
Program will be made from time to time on the open market at prevailing market prices or in negotiated transactions off the market, 
in compliance with applicable laws and regulations. In connection with the Repurchase Program, the Company may enter into a 
stock purchase plan. The Repurchase Program has no termination date. During 2017, the Company purchased 309,680 common 
units for an aggregate price of approximately $5,958.

Common Unit Dividend

On January 13, 2017, the Company paid dividends of approximately $3,923 to common unitholders of record as of January 
3, 2017, excluding a consolidated affiliate. This amount was included in Accrued liabilities on the Company's consolidated balance 
sheet as of December 31, 2016. This special one-time cash dividend of $0.15 per common unit was declared on December 22, 
2016. Any future determination to declare dividends on its common units will remain at the discretion of the Company's board of 
directors and will be dependent upon a number of factors, including the Company's results of operations, cash flows, financial 
position and capital requirements, among others.

Preferred Units 

90

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
The 6.0% Series A preferred units, no par value ("SPLP Preferred Units"), which were issued during 2017 in connection 
with the Steel Excel and HNH transactions discussed below, entitle the holders to a cumulative quarterly cash or in-kind (or a 
combination thereof) distribution, The Company paid cash distributions of approximately $4,700 to preferred unitholders for the 
year ended December 31, 2017. The SPLP Preferred Units have a term of nine years and are redeemable at any time at the Company's 
option at the liquidation value, plus any accrued and unpaid distributions (payable in cash or SPLP common units, or a combination 
of both, at the Company's discretion). If redeemed in common units, the number of common units to be issued will be equal to the 
liquidation value per unit divided by the volume weighted-average price of the common units for 60 days prior to the redemption. 
In addition, the holders can require the Company to repurchase up to 1,600,000 of the SPLP Preferred Units, in cash on a pro rata 
basis, on the third anniversary of the original issuance date, reduced by any preferred units called for redemption by the Company, 
in cash on a pro rata basis, prior to that time. 

The SPLP Preferred Units have no voting rights, except that holders of the preferred units have certain voting rights in

limited circumstances relating to the election of directors following the failure to pay six quarterly distributions. The SPLP Preferred 
Units are recorded as a non-current liability, including accrued interest expense, on the Company's consolidated balance sheet as 
of December 31, 2017 because they have an unconditional obligation to be redeemed for cash or by issuing a variable number of 
SPLP common units for a monetary value that is fixed and known at inception. Because the SPLP Preferred Units are classified 
as a liability, distributions thereon are recorded as a component of Interest expense in the Company's consolidated statement of 
operations. 

Steel Excel Transaction

On December 23, 2016, the Company entered into an Amended Agreement and Plan of Merger with a subsidiary of the 
Company and Steel Excel to make a tender offer to purchase any and all of the outstanding shares of common stock of Steel Excel 
not already owned by the Company or any of its affiliates. In exchange for each share of Steel Excel common stock, the Company 
offered 0.712 SPLP Preferred Units. The offer commenced on January 9, 2017 and expired on February 6, 2017. As a result of the 
completion of the offer, the Company issued approximately 2,500,000 SPLP Preferred Units with a fair value and liquidation value 
of $25.00 per SPLP Preferred Unit, or approximately $63,500, to Steel Excel shareholders and paid approximately $2,100 in cash 
for any remaining unvested restricted shares of Steel Excel. As a result, the Company now owns 100% of Steel Excel. 

HNH Transaction

On June 26, 2017, the Company entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger with a subsidiary of the Company and 
HNH to make a tender offer to purchase any and all of the outstanding shares of common stock of HNH not already owned by the 
Company or any of its affiliates. In exchange for each share of HNH common stock, the Company offered 1.484 SPLP Preferred 
Units. The offer expired on October 12, 2017, and as a result of the completion of the offer, the Company issued approximately 
5,400,000 SPLP Preferred Units with a fair value of approximately $112,000 and liquidation value of approximately $135,000 to 
HNH shareholders. The Company now owns 100% of HNH. 

For both the Steel Excel and HNH transactions, in accordance with the accounting standard on consolidation, changes 
in a parent's ownership interest where the parent retains a controlling financial interest in its subsidiary were accounted for as 
equity transactions. The carrying amount of the noncontrolling interests in Steel Excel and in HNH were eliminated to reflect the 
change in SPLP's ownership interest in each subsidiary, and the difference between the fair value of the consideration paid and 
the amount by which the noncontrolling interest was adjusted was recognized in Partners' capital. 

WFHC Ownership Change

In December 2015, the Company and its CoSine and WFHC subsidiaries entered into a series of transactions that impacted 

SPLP's ownership interest in both entities. Prior to these transactions SPLP owned 100% of WFHC and 80.6% of CoSine. 

•  On December 17, 2015, WFHC issued a combination of common and preferred stock to SPLP in exchange for SPLP's existing 

common stock of WFHC.

•  On December 28, 2015, CoSine completed a reverse-forward stock split in which CoSine stockholders holding fewer than 
80,000 shares had their shares canceled and converted into a right to receive a cash payment for all of their outstanding shares 
based on the effective date of the stock split. As a result of the reverse forward split, the noncontrolling interest ownership 
percentage decreased from 19.4% to 11.9% at that time. 

•  On December 31, 2015, WFHC issued new common and preferred shares to all of the previous holders of CoSine common 
and preferred equity, including the noncontrolling interest holders. As a result, CoSine was merged with and into WFH LLC, 
which is 100% owned by WFHC, and SPLP's ownership interest in WFHC decreased from 100% to 90.7% at that time. In 

91

 
 
 
 
 
 
accordance with the accounting standard on consolidation, a change in a parent's ownership interest while the parent retains a 
controlling financial interest in its subsidiary is accounted for as an equity transaction. SPLP accounted for its decrease in 
ownership by recording a noncontrolling interest amount representing the carrying amount of the noncontrolling shareholders' 
ownership in the new consolidated equity of WFHC at December 31, 2015. The recording of the noncontrolling interest's 
carrying amount in the consolidated equity of WFHC was recorded as an equity transaction, resulting in a decrease in Partners' 
capital.

DGT Ownership Increase 

On October 28, 2015, DGT shareholders approved an amendment to DGT's certificate of incorporation in order to complete 
a 1-for-100,000 reverse stock split of DGT's common stock. No fractional shares were issued and shareholders owning fewer than 
100,000 shares of common stock had their shares canceled and converted into the right to receive $18.30, resulting in a payable 
to shareholders of approximately $8,500 at December 31, 2015. After the reverse stock split, SPLP owned 100% of DGT's common 
stock. In accordance with the accounting standard on consolidation, a change in a parent's ownership interest while the parent 
retains a controlling financial interest in its subsidiary is accounted for as an equity transaction. As a result, SPLP accounted for 
its increase in ownership by adjusting the carrying amount of its noncontrolling interest in DGT. The difference between the 
consideration paid to the noncontrolling interest holders by DGT and the amount by which the carrying value of the noncontrolling 
interest was adjusted has been recognized in Partners' capital.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Changes, net of tax, in Accumulated other comprehensive loss are as follows:

Balance at beginning of period
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax - before reclassifications (a)
Reclassification adjustments, net of tax (b)

Net other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common 

unitholders (c)

Acquisition of AOCI from noncontrolling interests
Balance at end of period

Year Ended December 31, 2017

Unrealized 
gain on 
available-
for-sale 
securities

Unrealized
loss on
derivative
financial
instruments

Cumulative
translation
adjustments

Change in
net pension
and other
benefit
obligations

$

62,527

$

(2,470)

$

(19,548)

$

26,878

908

27,786

765

569

—

569

—

4,512

—

4,512

(3,223)

(109,270 ) $
(6,926)

—

(6,926)

(60,889)

Total

(68,761)

25,033

908

25,941

(63,347)

$

91,078

$

(1,901)

$

(18,259) $

(177,085) $

(106,167)

(a)  Net of tax benefit of approximately $31,029.
(b) Net of tax benefit of approximately $329.
(c)  Does not include the net unrealized gain on available-for sale securities of $811, the gain on derivative financial instruments of $55, cumulative 
translation adjustment gains of $932 and gains from the change in net pension and other post-retirement benefit obligations of $474, which 
are attributable to noncontrolling interests. 

Incentive Unit Expense

Effective January 1, 2012, SPLP issued to the Manager partnership profits interests in the form of incentive units, a portion 
of which will be classified as Class C common units of SPLP upon the attainment of certain specified performance goals by SPLP 
which are determined as of the last day of each fiscal year. If the performance goals are not met for a fiscal year, no portion of the 
incentive units will be classified as Class C common units for that year. The number of outstanding incentive units is equal to 
100% of the common units outstanding, including common units held by non-wholly-owned subsidiaries. The performance goals 
and expense related to the classification of a portion of the incentive units as Class C units is measured on an annual basis, but is 
accrued on a quarterly basis. Accordingly, the expense accrued is adjusted to reflect the fair value of the Class C common units 
on each interim calculation date. In the event the cumulative incentive unit expense calculated quarterly or for the full year is an 
amount less than the total previously accrued, the Company would record a negative incentive unit expense in the quarter when 
such  over  accrual  is  determined.  The  expense  is  recorded  in  SG&A  in  the  Company's  consolidated  statements  of 
operations. Incentive unit expense of $9,021 was recorded for the year ended December 31, 2017. There was no incentive unit 
expense recorded in 2016 or 2015.

Subsidiary Purchases of the Company's Common Units

92

 
 
 
During the year ended December 31, 2015, two subsidiaries of the Company purchased 983,175 of the Company's common 
units at a total cost of $17,323. The purchases of these units are reflected as treasury unit purchases in the Company's consolidated 
financial statements.

15. INCOME TAXES 

Details of the Company's tax provision (benefit) are as follows: 

Income from continuing operations, before income taxes, equity method income (loss) and

investments held at fair value:

Domestic

Foreign

Total

Income taxes:

Current:

Federal

State

Foreign

Total income taxes, current
Deferred:

Federal

State

Foreign

Total income taxes, deferred
Income tax provision (benefit)

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

$

$

$

$

$

34,971

5,452

40,423

4,263

4,872

2,953

12,088

44,592

(4,093)

(1,288)

39,211

$

$

$

19,778

2,660

22,438

1,798

6,459

3,148

11,405

13,625

(598)

(480)

12,547

$

51,299

$

23,952

$

22,107

1,262

23,369

20,220

5,841

995

27,056

(105,928)
1,530
(1,377)
(105,775)
(78,719)

The following is a reconciliation of the income tax provision (benefit) computed at the federal statutory rate to the provision 

for income taxes: 

Income from continuing operations, before income taxes, equity method income (loss) and

investments held at fair value:

Federal income tax provision at statutory rate
Loss passed through to common unitholders (a)

State income taxes, net of federal effect

Change in valuation allowance

Foreign tax rate differences

Uncertain tax positions

Repatriation tax

Deferred tax rate change due to newly-enacted U.S. tax law
Permanent differences and other (b)
Income tax provision (benefit)

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

$

$

$

40,423

14,147

10,385

24,532

5,344

(48,598)

(1,202)

124

2,165

69,992

(1,058)

$

$

22,438

7,853

2,122

9,975

4,128

(1,327)

43

(465)

—
—
11,598

23,369

8,179

7,177

15,356

4,277

(91,052)

(235)

(440)

—
—
(6,625)

$

51,299

$

23,952

$

(78,719)

(a)  Represents taxes at statutory rate on losses for which no tax benefit is recognizable by SPLP and certain of its subsidiaries which are taxed 

as pass-through entities. Such losses are allocable directly to SPLP's unitholders and taxed when realized.

(b) Amounts in 2016 and 2015 include the tax effect of the non-deductible portion of the goodwill impairments recorded in the fourth quarters 

of 2016 and 2015 (see Note 7 - "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, Net").

The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act ("the Act") was enacted on December 22, 2017. The income tax effects of changes in tax laws 
are recognized in the period when enacted. The Act provides for numerous significant tax law changes and modifications with 
varying effective dates, which include reducing the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate from 35% to 21%, creating a territorial 
tax system (with a one-time mandatory repatriation tax on previously deferred foreign earnings), broadening the tax base, and 
allowing for immediate capital expensing of certain qualified property acquired and placed in service after September 27, 2017 
and before January 1, 2023. 

93

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
In response to the enactment of the Act in late 2017, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 118 ("SAB 118") to 
address situations where the accounting is incomplete for certain income tax effects of the Act upon issuance of an entity's financial 
statements for the reporting period in which the Act was enacted. Under SAB 118, a company may record provisional amounts 
during a measurement period for specific income tax effects of the Act for which the accounting is incomplete but a reasonable 
estimate can be determined, and when unable to determine a reasonable estimate for any income tax effects, report provisional 
amounts in the first reporting period in which a reasonable estimate can be determined. The Company has recorded the impact of 
the tax effects of the Act, relying on reasonable estimates where the accounting is incomplete as of December 31, 2017. As guidance 
and technical corrections are issued in the upcoming quarters, the Company will record updates to its original provisional estimates.

The Company remeasured certain U.S. deferred tax assets and liabilities based on the rates at which they are expected to 
reverse in the future, which is generally 21%. However, the Company is still analyzing certain aspects of the Act and refining its 
calculations, which could potentially affect the measurement of these balances or potentially give rise to new deferred tax amounts. 
The provisional amount recorded related to the remeasurement of deferred tax balances was a net tax expense of $56,552. 

The Act includes a transition tax on the deemed distribution of previously untaxed accumulated and current earnings and 
profits ("E&P") of certain foreign subsidiaries. The Company recorded a provisional amount for the one-time mandatory repatriation 
tax liability of $2,165. The Company has not yet finalized its calculation of the total post-1986 E&P and non-U.S. income taxes 
paid on such earnings for these foreign subsidiaries. Further, the transition tax is based on the amount of those earnings that are 
held in cash and other specified illiquid assets. This amount may change when the calculation of post-1986 net accumulated foreign 
E&P previously deferred from U.S. federal taxation and the amounts held in cash or other specified illiquid assets are finalized, 
and is subject to further refinement if further guidance is issued by federal and state taxing authorities.  

It is likely that additional guidance will be issued providing further clarification on the application of the Act. It is also 
reasonable to expect that global taxing authorities will be reviewing their current legislation for potential modifications in reaction 
to the implementation of the Act. This additional guidance, along with the potential for additional global tax legislation changes, 
may affect deductions and income inclusions for the Company.

Deferred income taxes result from temporary differences in the financial basis and tax basis of assets and liabilities. The 
amounts shown on the following table represent the tax effect of temporary differences between the consolidated tax return basis 
of assets and liabilities and the corresponding basis for financial reporting, as well as tax credit and operating loss carryforwards. 

94

 
 
 
 
 
Deferred Tax Assets:
Operating loss carryforwards (a)
Postretirement and postemployment employee benefits

Tax credit carryforwards

Accrued costs

Investment impairments and unrealized losses

Inventories

Environmental costs

Impairment of long-lived assets

Capital loss

Other
Gross deferred tax assets(c)

Deferred Tax Liabilities:

Intangible assets

Fixed assets

Unremitted foreign earnings

Unrealized gain on investment

Other
Gross deferred tax liabilities(c)
Valuation allowance (b) (c) 
Net deferred tax assets

Classified on the Company's consolidated balance sheets as follows:

Deferred tax assets

Deferred tax liabilities

December 31,

2017

2016

$

118,594

$

70,151

13,412

4,151

7,325

2,468

2,297

2,122

7,968

5,109

233,597

(33,376)

(28,468)

—

(22,403)

(2,208)

(86,455)

(41,138)

106,004

$

109,011

3,007

106,004

$

$

$

$

$

187,880

108,571

46,517

9,600

19,244

4,109

3,042

3,245

8,543

11,995

402,746

(52,149)

(39,898)

(181)

—

(5,479)

(97,707)

(126,163)

178,876

182,605

3,729

178,876

(a)  The ability for certain subsidiaries to utilize net operating losses and other credit carryforwards may be subject to limitation upon changes 

in control.

(b) Certain subsidiaries of the Company establish valuation allowances when they determine, based on their assessment, that it is more likely 
than not that certain deferred tax assets will not be fully realized. This assessment is based on, but not limited to, historical operating results, 
uncertainty in projections of taxable income, and other uncertainties that may be specific to a particular business. 

(c)  The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 was enacted in December of 2017 and reduced the U.S. Federal income tax rate significantly. The 
Company's 2017 deferred tax balances have been reduced to reflect the lower tax rate enacted by the Act, which affects the comparability 
of the 2017 and 2016 columns. 

During 2017, 2016 and 2015, the Company changed its judgment about the realizability of its deferred tax assets at certain 
subsidiaries. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the effect of a change in the beginning-of-the-year balance of a valuation allowance 
that results from a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax 
asset in future years should be included in income from continuing operations in the period of the change. In 2017, 2016 and 2015, 
the Company recorded tax benefits in continuing operations of approximately $44,681, $1,327 and $111,881 associated with the 
reversal of its deferred tax valuation allowances at certain subsidiaries. 

HNH

At December 31, 2017, HNH has U.S. federal NOLs of approximately $32,373 that expire between 2020 and 2031, and 
state NOLs of approximately $8,697 that expire generally between 2020 and 2031. HNH maintains nearly a full valuation allowance 
against the deferred tax assets related to the state NOLs. The federal NOLs were acquired by HNH as a result of the JPS acquisition 
in 2015. The utilization of the JPS NOLs is subject to certain annual limitations under the ownership change rules of Section 382 
of the Internal Revenue Code. There are also federal and state tax credit carryforwards of $4,481, of which a $2,600 federal tax 
credit does not expire.

Steel Excel

At December 31, 2017, Steel Excel had federal NOLs of approximately $192,500 that expire in 2022 through 2037, and 
state NOLs of approximately $152,800 that will expire in 2018 through 2037. Steel Excel also has federal research and development 
credit  carryforwards  of  approximately  $30,300  that  expire  in  2018  through  2029,  and  state  research  and  development  credit 

95

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
carryforwards of approximately $17,700 that do not expire. Steel Excel has a valuation allowance to reserve its net deferred tax 
assets at December 31, 2017 and 2016. Upon the adoption of the provisions of ASU No. 2016-09 on January 1, 2017 (see Note 2 
- "Summary of Significant Accounting Policies"), a tax benefit of $4,600 associated with the NOLs related to deductions for stock-
based compensation was recognized as a deferred tax asset through a cumulative-effect adjustment to Partners' capital. Concurrent 
with the recognition of the deferred tax asset and in accordance with ASU No. 2016-09, a full valuation allowance for the deferred 
tax asset was recognized through a cumulative-effect adjustment to Partners' capital, resulting in no net impact to the Company's 
consolidated financial statements. 

As of December 31, 2016, Steel Excel had previously established a valuation allowance to reserve its net deferred tax 
assets, based on its assessment that it is more likely than not that such benefit was not realizable. At December 31, 2017, a valuation 
allowance was released against substantially all of Steel Excel's federal deferred tax assets (except for certain federal NOLs of a 
subsidiary company subject to limitations and the realized capital losses) as Steel Excel concluded such assets were fully realizable. 
This assessment was primarily based on the restructuring of several business units that enabled operational efficiencies resulting 
in a more likely than not assertion to realize the majority of Steel Excel's federal deferred tax assets. The Company will continue 
to monitor the likelihood that Steel Excel will be able to recover the deferred tax assets in the future. This determination includes 
objectively verifiable positive evidence that outweighs potential negative evidence. 

WFHC 

As discussed in Note 14 - "Capital and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss" WFHC and Cosine entered into a series 
of transactions whereby CoSine was merged with and into WFH LLC, a newly formed wholly-owned subsidiary of WFHC, which 
is disregarded for income tax purposes. This merger was a tax-free transaction which was completed and declared effective on 
December 31, 2015. WFHC is also the parent company of WebBank. The transaction was characterized as a reverse acquisition 
for  federal  income tax  purposes. As  a  result, WFHC  elected  to file  a  consolidated federal  income tax  return,  which  included 
WebBank and the newly merged CoSine business ("WFHC U.S. Consolidated Group"), with CoSine considered to be the parent 
of the consolidated federal group. Accordingly, the tax attributes acquired in the merger can be utilized against the taxable income 
of the affiliated group, generally without limitation.

At December 31, 2017, the WFHC U.S. Consolidated Group had federal NOLs of approximately of $251,810 that expire 
between 2021 and 2033, and state NOLs of approximately $51,366 that expire between 2021 and 2024, as well as various federal 
and state tax credit carryforwards of $7,563. As noted above, for the year ended December 31, 2015, the Company recorded tax 
benefits in continuing operations of approximately $111,881 associated with the reversal of its deferred tax valuation allowances. 
Such amount was attributable against the deferred tax asset related to the aforementioned federal NOLs. During the first quarter 
of 2016, the Company revised its calculation of the expected benefit to be derived from the realizability of federal deferred tax 
assets of the WFHC U.S. Consolidated Group and recorded an additional tax benefit in continuing operations of approximately 
$4,182. However, the Company continues to maintain a full valuation allowance (approximately $10,662) against the deferred tax 
assets related to the state NOLs and tax credit carryforwards given its judgment about the realizability of the associated deferred 
tax assets.

API 

As of December 31, 2017, API had approximately $3,199 of non-U.S. NOLs that do not expire. A valuation allowance 
to reserve the associated deferred tax assets from the NOLs exists at December 31, 2017. In addition, U.S. subsidiaries of API had 
approximately $6,040 of federal NOLs that are scheduled to expire between 2022 and 2035 and are subject to certain annual 
limitations under the change of ownership rules of Internal Revenue Section 382. API has a valuation allowance to reserve the 
entire amount of the deferred tax assets associated with the federal NOLs at December 31, 2017.

Unrecognized Tax Benefits

U.S. GAAP provides that the tax effects from an uncertain tax position can be recognized in the financial statements only 
if the position is more likely than not of being sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position. The change in the 
amount of unrecognized tax benefits for 2017 and 2016 was as follows:

96

 
 
Balance at December 31, 2015

Additions for tax positions related to current year

Additions for tax positions acquired

Additions due to interest accrued

Payments

Reductions due to lapsed statute of limitations
Balance at December 31, 2016

Additions for tax positions related to current year

Additions for tax positions acquired

Additions due to interest accrued

Payments

Reductions due to lapsed statute of limitations
Balance at December 31, 2017

$

$

$

29,072

175

1,114

148

—

(1,115)

29,394

32,564

—

120

—

(1,350)

60,728

The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions in its income tax expense.

HNH Unrecognized Tax Benefits

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, HNH had $3,394 and $2,581, respectively, of unrecognized tax benefits recorded, all 
of which, net of federal benefit for state taxes, would affect the Company's effective tax rate if recognized. Of this amount, HNH 
has offset approximately $648 and $300 against certain related deferred tax assets in the same jurisdiction as of December 31, 
2017 and 2016, respectively. As of December 31, 2017 and 2016, approximately $299 and $300 of interest related to uncertain 
tax positions was accrued. No penalties were accrued. It is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits 
will decrease by as much as $708 during the next year as a result of the lapse of the applicable statutes of limitations in certain 
taxing jurisdictions.

HNH is generally no longer subject to federal, state or local income tax examinations by tax authorities for any year prior 
to 2013, except as noted below. However, NOLs generated in prior years are subject to examination and potential adjustment by 
the Internal Revenue Service ("IRS") upon their utilization in future years' tax returns. HNH is currently under examination by 
the IRS for the years 2014 and 2015, which remains on-going. HNH has not been notified of any material adjustments to taxable 
income as a result of this examination. In addition, HNH is under examination for the pre-acquisition years 2015 and short-period 
2016 for SLI, which is a subsidiary that HNH acquired on June 1, 2016. This examination began in early 2018 with only a preliminary 
meeting being held with the IRS. HNH is currently under examination by the State of New York for 2012 to 2013, which is on-
going. HNH has not been notified of any material adjustments as a result of this examination. HNH underwent an examination by 
the State of New York for 2009 to 2011, which resulted in an assessment of $100 paid in January 2016.

Steel Excel Unrecognized Tax Benefits

Steel Excel's total gross unrecognized tax benefits were $55,326 and $26,813 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, 
of which $36,800, if recognized, would affect the provision for income taxes. The increase in unrecognized tax benefits in 2017 
is primarily related to certain tax credits from prior years that may not be sustained on a more-likely-than- not basis. In 2017, Steel 
Excel reversed approximately $700 of reserves upon the expiration of the statutes of limitation with the applicable taxing authorities. 
As of December 31, 2017, it is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefits may decrease by $700 in the next 12 months 
due to the expiration of the statutes of limitation. Steel Excel recognizes interest and penalties related to uncertain tax positions 
in its income tax provision in its consolidated statements of operations. For 2017, 2016 and 2015, the amount of such interest and 
penalties recognized was immaterial.

Steel Excel is subject to U.S. federal income tax as well as income taxes in various domestic states and foreign jurisdictions 
in which they operate or formerly operated in. As of December 31, 2017, fiscal years 1999 onward remain open to examination 
by the U.S. taxing authorities. Steel Excel is currently under income tax examination by the State of New York for the tax years 
2013 and 2014, and by the State of Montana for tax years 2013, 2014, and 2015. Steel Excel is not currently under tax examination 
in any foreign jurisdictions.

WFHC Unrecognized Tax Benefits

At December 31, 2017, WFHC had unrecognized tax benefits of $2,008 in connection with certain filing positions in 
states in which its WebBank subsidiary currently operates. WFHC is subject to U.S. income taxes, as well as various taxes in other 

97

 
state and local jurisdictions. With few exceptions, WFHC is no longer subject to U.S. federal, state, local, or non-U.S. income tax 
examinations by taxing authorities for years before December 31, 2013.

Other Subsidiaries

SPLP's other subsidiaries file federal tax returns and as applicable state, local and foreign tax returns in various jurisdictions. 
Federal tax returns for all other consolidated subsidiaries remain open and subject to examination by the IRS for all tax years after 
2013.  In  addition,  NOLs  generated  in  prior  years  are  subject  to  examination  and  potential  adjustment  by  the  IRS  upon  their 
utilization in future years' tax returns. State income tax returns for most jurisdictions remain open generally for all tax years after 
2013.

16. NET (LOSS) INCOME PER COMMON UNIT

The following data was used in computing net (loss) income per common unit shown in the Company's consolidated 

statements of operations: 

Net income from continuing operations

Net (income) loss from continuing operations attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated

entities

Net (loss) income from continuing operations attributable to common unitholders

Net income from discontinued operations

Net income from discontinued operations attributable to noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities
Net income from discontinued operations attributable to common unitholders

Net (loss) income attributable to common unitholders

Net (loss) income per common unit - basic:

Net (loss) income from continuing operations

Net income from discontinued operations

Net (loss) income attributable to common unitholders
Net (loss) income per common unit – diluted:

Net (loss) income from continuing operations

Net income from discontinued operations

Net (loss) income attributable to common unitholders

Weighted-average common units outstanding - basic

Incentive units

Unvested restricted units

Denominator for net income per common unit - diluted (a)

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

6,012

$

2,571

$

70,311

(6,028)

(16)

—

—

—

4,059

6,630

—

—

—

(16) $

6,630

— $

—

— $

— $

—

— $

0.25

—

0.25

0.25

—

0.25

$

$

$

$

$

10,875

81,186

86,257

(30,708)

55,549

136,735

2.97

2.03

5.00

2.96

2.02

4.98

26,053,098

26,353,714

27,317,974

—

—

—

132,495

112,127

12,207

26,053,098

26,486,209

27,442,308

$

$

$

$

$

(a)  For the year ended December 31, 2017, the diluted (loss) income per unit calculation was based on the basic weighted-average units only 
since the impact of 307,448 incentive units, 4,738,844 of SPLP Preferred Units and 39,634 of unvested restricted stock units, would have 
been anti-dilutive.

17. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS 

Financial  assets  and  liabilities  measured  at  fair  value  on  a  recurring  basis  in  the  Company's  consolidated  financial 
statements as of December 31, 2017 and 2016 are summarized by type of inputs applicable to the fair value measurements as 
follows:

98

December 31, 2017

Assets:

Marketable securities (a)

Long-term investments (a)

Investments in certain funds

Precious metal and commodity inventories recorded at fair value

Economic interests in loans

Foreign currency forward exchange contracts

Warrants

Long put options

Total

Liabilities:

Financial instrument obligations

Commodity contracts on precious metal and commodity inventories

Foreign currency forward exchange contracts

Short call options

Total

December 31, 2016

Assets:

Marketable securities (a)

Long-term investments (a)

Investments in certain funds

Precious metal and commodity inventories recorded at fair value

Economic interests in loans

Foreign currency forward exchange contracts

Total

Liabilities:

Financial instrument obligations

Interest rate swap agreements

Foreign currency forward exchange contracts

Total

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

$

44,371

$

1,988

$

11,954

$

221,750

—

10,993

—

—

—

3

10,387

—

—

—

166

—

—

1,223

407

—

13,126

—

206

—

58,313

233,360

407

10,993

13,126

166

206

3

$

$

$

$

$

$

$

277,117

$

12,541

$

26,916

$

316,574

15,629

$

— $

— $

15,629

—

—

258

127

188

—

—

—

—

127

188

258

15,887

$

315

$

— $

16,202

Level 1

Level 2

Level 3

Total

25,498

$

111,424

—

10,143

—

—

3,994

4,350

—

—

—

92

$

24,158

$

1,242

469

—

6,162

—

53,650

117,016

469

10,143

6,162

92

147,065

$

8,436

$

32,031

$

187,532

12,640

$

— $

— $

—

—

12,640

$

108

1,040

1,148

—

—

$

— $

12,640

108

1,040

13,788

(a)  For additional detail of the marketable securities and long-term investments see Note 9 - "Investments."

There were no transfers of securities among the various measurement input levels during the year ended December 31, 

2017.

The fair value of the Company's financial instruments, such as cash and cash equivalents, trade and other receivables and 
accounts  payable,  approximate  carrying  value  due  to  the  short-term  maturities  of  these  assets  and  liabilities.  Carrying  cost 
approximates fair value for long-term debt which has variable interest rates.

The precious metal and commodity inventories associated with the Company's fair value hedges (see Note 12 - "Financial 
Instruments") are reported at fair value. Fair values of these inventories are based on quoted market prices on commodity exchanges 
and are considered Level 1 measurements. The derivative instruments that the Company purchases in connection with its precious 
metal and commodity inventories, specifically commodity futures and forward contracts, are also valued at fair value. The futures 
contracts are Level 1 measurements since they are traded on a commodity exchange. The forward contracts are entered into with 
a counterparty and are considered Level 2 measurements. 

Interest rate swap agreements were considered Level 2 measurements as the inputs were observable at commonly quoted 

intervals. These agreements expired in February 2016.

Following is a summary of changes in financial assets measured using Level 3 inputs:

99

 
 
 
 
 
Assets

Balance at December 31, 2014

$

2,163

$

9,623

$

2,199

$

34,421

$

Purchases

Sales and cash collections

Realized gain on sale

Unrealized gains

Unrealized losses
Balance at December 31, 2015

Sales and cash collections

Unrealized gains

Unrealized losses
Balance at December 31, 2016

Sales and cash collections

Realized loss on sale

Unrealized gains

Unrealized losses
Balance at December 31, 2017

Long-Term Investments

Investments
in Associated
Companies
(a)

Other
Investments -
Related Party
(a)

STCN
Warrants (a)

Marketable
Securities and
Other (b)

Total

—

—

—

(232)

—

(9,985)

—

484

(122)

—

—

—

—

5,183

(2,953)

8

—

48,406

5,183

(12,938)

8

484

(1,656)

(8,679)

(10,689)

$

1,931

$

— $

543

$

27,980

$

—

—

(708)

1,223

—
—
—

—

—

—

—

—

—
—
—

—

—

—

(524)

19

—
—
—

(19)

(8,848)

11,657

—

30,789

(19,404)

309

13,999

—

30,454

(8,848)

11,657

(1,232)

32,031

(19,404)

309

13,999

(19)

$

1,223

$

— $

— $

25,693

$

26,916

(a)  Unrealized losses are recorded in Income (loss) of associated companies and other investments held at fair value, net of taxes in the Company's 

consolidated statements of operations.

(b) Realized gains and losses on sale are recorded in Other income, net or Revenue in the Company's consolidated statements of operations.

Long-Term Investments - Valuation Techniques

The Company estimates the value of one of its investments in an associated company primarily using a discounted cash 
flow method adjusted for additional information related to debt covenants, solvency issues and other related matters. The STCN 
warrants were valued using the Black-Scholes option pricing model.

Marketable Securities and Other - Valuation Techniques

The Company uses the net asset value included in quarterly statements it receives in arrears from a venture capital fund 
to determine the fair value of such fund and determines the fair value of certain corporate securities and corporate obligations by 
incorporating  and  reviewing  prices  provided  by  third-party  pricing  services  based  on  the  specific  features  of  the  underlying 
securities. The fair value of the derivatives held by WebBank (see Note 12 - "Financial Instruments") represent the estimated 
amounts that WebBank would receive or pay to terminate the contracts at the reporting date and is based on discounted cash flows 
analyses that consider credit, performance and prepayment. Unobservable inputs used in the discounted cash flow analyses are: a 
constant prepayment rate of 7.35% to 31.03%, a constant default rate of 1.02% to 19.46% and a discount rate of 1.24% to 27.76%.

Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis

The Company's non-financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include goodwill and 
other intangible assets, any assets and liabilities acquired in a business combination, or its long-lived assets written down to fair 
value. To measure fair value for such assets and liabilities, the Company uses techniques including an income approach, a market 
approach and/or appraisals (Level 3 inputs). The income approach is based on a discounted cash flow analysis and calculates the 
fair value by estimating the after-tax cash flows attributable to an asset or liability and then discounting the after-tax cash flows 
to a present value using a risk-adjusted discount rate. Assumptions used in the discounted cash flow analysis ("DCF") require the 
exercise of significant judgment, including judgment about appropriate discount rates and terminal values, growth rates and the 
amount and timing of expected future cash flows. The discount rates, which are intended to reflect the risks inherent in future cash 
flow projections, used in the DCF are based on estimates of the weighted-average cost of capital of a market participant. Such 
estimates are derived from analysis of peer companies and consider the industry weighted-average return on debt and equity from 
a market participant perspective. A market approach values a business by considering the prices at which shares of capital stock, 
or related underlying assets, of reasonably comparable companies are trading in the public market or the transaction price at which 
similar companies have been acquired. If comparable companies are not available, the market approach is not used. 

100

 
Long-lived assets consisting of land and buildings used in previously operating businesses and currently unused, which 
total $6,300 and $10,393 as of December 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, are carried at the lower of cost or fair 
value less cost to sell and are included in Other non-current assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. A reduction in 
the carrying value of such long-lived assets is recorded as an asset impairment charge in the Company's consolidated statements 
of operations.

18. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Operating Lease Commitments 

The Company has certain facilities under non-cancelable operating lease arrangements. Rent expense recognized in the 
Company's consolidated statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015 was $17,895, $15,335
and $10,026, respectively. Future minimum operating lease and rental commitments under non-cancelable operating leases for 
SPLP consolidated operations are as follows:

Payments due by period

2018

2019

2020

2021
2022

Thereafter

Total

Environmental and Litigation Matters

Amount

10,153

6,789

5,385

4,596
3,893

14,608

45,424

$

$

As discussed in more detail below, certain of the Company's subsidiaries have been designated as potentially responsible 
parties  ("PRPs")  by  federal  and  state  agencies  with  respect  to  certain  sites  with  which  they  may  have  had  direct  or  indirect 
involvement and as defendants in certain litigation matters. The environmental claims are in various stages of administrative or 
judicial proceedings and include demands for recovery of past governmental costs and for future investigations and remedial 
actions. In many cases, the dollar amounts of the claims have not been specified and, with respect to a number of the PRP claims, 
have been asserted against a number of other entities for the same cost recovery or other relief as was asserted against certain of 
the Company's subsidiaries. The Company accrues costs associated with environmental and litigation matters on an undiscounted 
basis, when they become probable and reasonably estimable. As of December 31, 2017, on a consolidated basis, the Company has 
accrued liabilities of $10,949, which represent the current estimate of the probable cleanup liabilities, including remediation costs 
and litigation reserves. Expenses relating to these costs, and any recoveries, are included in SG&A in the Company's consolidated 
statements of operations. In addition, the Company has insurance coverage available for several of these matters and believes that 
excess insurance coverage may be available as well. Estimates of the Company's liability for remediation of a particular site and 
the method and ultimate cost of remediation require a number of assumptions that are inherently difficult to make, and the ultimate 
outcome may be materially different from current estimates.

Environmental Matters

Certain HNH subsidiaries have existing and contingent liabilities relating to environmental matters, including costs of 
remediation, capital expenditures, and potential fines and penalties relating to possible violations of national and state environmental 
laws. Those subsidiaries have remediation expenses on an ongoing basis, although such costs are continually being readjusted 
based upon the emergence of new techniques and alternative methods. HNH recorded current liabilities of approximately $9,200
related to estimated environmental remediation costs as of December 31, 2017. HNH may have insurance coverage available for 
certain of these matters.

Included  among  these  liabilities,  certain  HNH  subsidiaries  have  been  identified  as  PRPs  under  the  Comprehensive 
Environmental  Response,  Compensation  and  Liability Act  ("CERCLA")  or  similar  state  statutes  at  sites  and  are  parties  to 
administrative consent orders in connection with certain properties. Those subsidiaries may be subject to joint and several liabilities 
imposed by CERCLA on PRPs. Due to the technical and regulatory complexity of remedial activities and the difficulties attendant 
in identifying PRPs and allocating or determining liability among them, the subsidiaries are unable to reasonably estimate the 
ultimate cost of compliance with such laws. 

101

 
 
Based upon information currently available, the HNH subsidiaries do not expect that their respective environmental costs, 
including the incurrence of additional fines and penalties, if any, will have a material adverse effect on them or that the resolution 
of these environmental matters will have a material adverse effect on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of 
such subsidiaries or the Company, but there can be no such assurances. The Company anticipates that the subsidiaries will pay 
any such amounts out of their respective working capital, although there is no assurance that they will have sufficient funds to pay 
them. In the event that a HNH subsidiary is unable to fund its liabilities, claims could be made against its respective parent companies 
for payment of such liabilities.

The sites where certain HNH subsidiaries have environmental liabilities include the following:

HNH has been working with the Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection ("CTDEEP") with 
respect to its obligations under a 1989 consent order that applies to a property in Connecticut that HNH sold in 2003 ("Sold Parcel") 
and an adjacent parcel ("Adjacent Parcel") that together comprise the site of a former HNH manufacturing facility. The remaining 
remediation, monitoring and regulatory administrative costs for the Sold Parcel are expected to approximate $100. With respect 
to the Adjacent Parcel, an ecological risk assessment has been completed and the results, along with proposed clean up goals, were 
submitted in the second quarter of 2016 to the CTDEEP for their review and approval. The next phase will be a physical investigation 
of the upland portion of the parcel. A work plan was submitted in the third quarter of 2017 to the CTDEEP for review and approval. 
The CTDEEP has not completed their review and approval, but the work is expected to start in the first half of 2018 and is estimated 
to cost approximately $306. Investigation of the wetlands portion is expected to start in the second quarter of 2018, pending 
regulatory approvals and setting goals for the entire parcel. The total remediation costs for the Adjacent Parcel cannot be reasonably 
estimated at this time. Based on the current stage of the investigation at this time, the Company estimates that it is reasonably 
possible that it may incur aggregate losses over a period of several years, above its accrued liability, in a range of $2,000 to $6,000. 
Due to the uncertainties, there can be no assurance that the resolution of this matter will not be material to the financial position, 
results of operations or cash flows of the Company.

In  1986,  Handy  &  Harman  Electronic  Materials  Corporation  ("HHEM"),  a  subsidiary  of  HNH,  entered  into  an 
administrative consent order ("ACO") with the New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection ("NJDEP") with regard to 
certain property that it purchased in 1984 in New Jersey. The ACO involves investigation and remediation activities to be performed 
with regard to soil and groundwater contamination. HHEM is actively remediating the property and is continuing to investigate 
effective methods for achieving compliance with the ACO. HHEM anticipates entering into discussions with the NJDEP to address 
that agency's potential natural resource damage claims, the timing and ultimate scope and cost of which cannot be estimated at 
this time. Pursuant to a settlement agreement with the former owner/operator of the site, the responsibility for site investigation 
and remediation costs, as well as any other costs, as defined in the settlement agreement, related to or arising from environmental 
contamination on the property (collectively, "Costs") are contractually allocated 75% to the former owner/operator and 25% jointly 
to HHEM and HNH, all after having the first $1,000 paid by the former owner/operator. As of December 31, 2017, total investigation 
and  remediation  costs  of  approximately  $6,600  and  $2,100  have  been  expended  by  the  former  owner/operator  and  HHEM, 
respectively, in accordance with the settlement agreement. Additionally, HHEM has been reimbursed indirectly through insurance 
coverage for a portion of the Costs for which HHEM is responsible. While the primary insurance reimbursement ceased, HHEM 
believes that there is additional excess insurance coverage, which it is currently pursuing. HHEM anticipates that there will be 
additional remediation expenses to be incurred once a final remediation plan is agreed upon. There is no assurance that the former 
owner/operator or guarantors will continue to timely reimburse HHEM for expenditures and/or will be financially capable of 
fulfilling their obligations under the settlement agreement and the guaranties. There is no assurance that there will be any additional 
insurance reimbursement. Based on the current stage of the investigation at this site at this time, the Company estimates that it is 
reasonably possible that it may incur aggregate losses over a period of years, above its current accrued liability for this site, in a 
range of $100 to $4,000, of which it expects to pay a 25% share. The final costs cannot be reasonably estimated at this time, and 
accordingly, there can be no assurance that the resolution of this matter will not be material to the financial position, results of 
operations or cash flows of HHEM, HNH or the Company.

SLI may incur environmental costs in the future as a result of the past activities of its former subsidiary, SL Surface 
Technologies, Inc. ("SurfTech"), at sites located in Pennsauken, New Jersey ("Pennsauken Site"), in Camden, New Jersey ("Camden 
Site") and at its former subsidiary, SGL Printed Circuits in Wayne, New Jersey ("Wayne Site"). At the Pennsauken Site, SLI reached 
an agreement with both the U.S. Department of Justice and the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency ("EPA") related to its 
liability and entered into a Consent Decree which governs the agreement. SLI agreed to perform remediation of the SurfTech site, 
which is complete, and to pay a fixed sum for the EPA's past oversight costs. The fixed sum was to be paid in installments, and a 
final payment of $2,100 was made in June of 2017. Separate from the Consent Decree with the United States, in December 2012, 
the NJDEP made a settlement demand of $1,800 for past and future cleanup and removal costs and natural resource damages 
("NRD"). Although SLI and its counsel believe that it has meritorious defenses to any claim for reimbursement of past cost and 
NRD damages, to avoid the time and expense of litigating the matter, SLI offered to pay approximately $300 to fully resolve the 

102

claim presented by the State of New Jersey. On June 29, 2015, the Company's legal counsel received a letter from New Jersey's 
Deputy Attorney General rejecting the Company's counter offer, but stated that the matter was open for further negotiations. On 
September 18, 2017, the Company received another letter from the Office of the Attorney General for the State of New Jersey 
("New Jersey AG") wherein the New Jersey AG reiterated NJDEP's original settlement demand of $1,800 for SLI's alleged past 
costs and NRD related to the Pennsauken Site. In November 2017, NJDEP indicated that in addition to the original settlement 
demand, SLI would be responsible to NJDEP for its 10% cost payments to the EPA for the on-going remediation of the impacted 
groundwater aquifers. Since November, there have been no additional discussions or communications with NJDEP. SLI believes 
it may have defenses to the various claims and intends to assert all legal and procedural defenses available to it to make sure all 
costs attributed to SLI have been properly identified and substantiated. Although the final scope and cost of this claim cannot be 
estimated at this time, we estimate that it is reasonably possible that we may incur an aggregate loss, above our current accrued 
liability for this site, in a range of $300 to $1,800. There can be no assurance that there will not be potential additional costs 
associated with the site, which cannot be reasonably estimated at this time. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the resolution 
of this matter will not be material to the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of SLI, HNH or the Company.

SLI reported soil contamination and a groundwater contamination in 2003 from the SurfTech site located in Camden, 
New  Jersey.  Substantial  investigation  and  remediation  work  has  been  completed  under  the  direction  of  the  Licensed  Site 
Remediation Professional ("LSRP") for the site. Additional soil excavation, slab removal and chemical treatment is expected to 
be initiated during the first half of 2018. Construction of an asphalt cap is expected in the second half of 2018 and post remediation 
groundwater monitoring conducted thereafter. SLI's environmental consultants also implemented an interim bio-remediation pilot 
study to assess biological treatment of on-site contaminated groundwater. Subsequent groundwater monitoring to assess the bio-
remediation effectiveness was completed and consistent decreases in target contaminants concentrations in groundwater were 
observed. In December 2014, a report was submitted to the NJDEP stating sufficient information was obtained from the pilot study 
to complete the full-scale groundwater remedy design. A full-scale groundwater bioremediation will be implemented during the 
fourth quarter of 2018 following the soil remediation mentioned above. A reserve of $2,800 has been established for anticipated 
costs at this site, but there can be no assurance that there will not be potential additional costs associated with the site which cannot 
be reasonably estimated at this time. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the resolution of this matter will not be material 
to the financial position, results of operations or cash flows of SLI, HNH or the Company.

SLI is currently participating in environmental assessment and cleanup at a commercial facility located in Wayne, New 
Jersey. Contaminated soil and groundwater has undergone remediation with the NJDEP and LSRP oversight, but contaminants of 
concern ("COCs") in groundwater and surface water, which extend off-site, remain above applicable NJDEP remediation standards. 
SLI's LSRP completed a supplemental groundwater remedial action approved by the NJDEP, and a report was filed with the NJDEP 
in March 2015. SLI's consultants have developed cost estimates for supplemental remedial injections, soil excavation, and additional 
tests and remedial activities. The LSRP prepared a Remedial Investigation Report, which was sent to the NJDEP in May 2016. 
Off-site access to the adjacent property has been negotiated and monitoring wells have been installed. Results of the initial samples 
detected COCs above NJDEP standards. A reserve of approximately $1,300 has been established for anticipated costs, but there 
can be no assurance that there will not be potential additional costs associated with the site, which cannot be reasonably estimated 
at this time. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the resolution of this matter will not be material to the financial position, 
results of operations or cash flows of SLI, HNH or the Company.

BNS LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of the BNS Liquidating Trust, has been named as a PRP at one previously disclosed 
site and a then-subsidiary of BNS ("BNS Sub") has been identified as a PRP at another previously disclosed site. Based upon 
information currently available, BNS Liquidating Trust and BNS Sub do not expect that their respective environmental costs or 
that the resolution of these environmental matters will have a material adverse effect on the financial position, results of operations 
or cash flows of the Company, but there can be no such assurances.

Litigation Matters 

BNS Litigation Matters

BNS  Sub  has  been  named  as  a  defendant  in  approximately  1,390  alleged  asbestos-related  toxic-tort  claims  as  of 
December 31, 2017. The claims were filed over a period beginning 1994 through December 31, 2017. In many cases these claims 
involved more than 100 defendants. Of the claims filed, approximately 1,340 were dismissed, settled or granted summary judgment 
and closed as of December 31, 2017. Of the claims settled, the average settlement was less than $3. There remained approximately 
50 pending asbestos claims as of December 31, 2017. There can be no assurance that the number of future claims and the related 
costs of defense, settlements or judgments will be consistent with the experience to date of existing claims.

103

 
 
BNS Sub has insurance policies covering asbestos-related claims for years beginning 1974 through 1988 with estimated 
aggregate coverage limits of $183,000, with $1,543 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively, in estimated remaining self-
insurance retention (deductible). There is secondary evidence of coverage from 1970 to 1973 although there is no assurance that 
the insurers will recognize that the coverage was in place. Policies issued for BNS Sub beginning in 1989 contained exclusions 
related to asbestos. Under certain circumstances, some of the settled claims may be reopened. Also, there may be a significant 
delay in receipt of notification by BNS Sub of the entry of a dismissal or settlement of a claim or the filing of a new claim. BNS 
Sub believes it has significant defenses to any liability for toxic-tort claims on the merits. None of these toxic-tort claims has gone 
to trial and, therefore, there can be no assurance that these defenses will prevail.

BNS Sub annually receives retroactive billings or credits from its insurance carriers for any increase or decrease in claims 
accruals as claims are filed, settled or dismissed, or as estimates of the ultimate settlement and defense costs for the then-existing 
claims are revised. As of both December 31, 2017 and 2016, BNS Sub has accrued $1,349 relating to the open and active claims 
against BNS Sub. This accrual represents the Company's best estimate of the likely costs to settle these claims by BNS Sub beyond 
the amounts accrued by the insurance carriers and previously funded, through the retroactive billings by BNS Sub. 

There can be no assurance that the number of future claims and the related costs of defense, settlements or judgments 
will be consistent with the experience to date of existing claims, and that BNS Sub will not need to increase significantly its 
estimated liability for the costs to settle these claims to an amount that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial 
statements.

Other Litigation Matters

In  the  ordinary  course  of  our  business,  we  are  subject  to  periodic  lawsuits,  investigations,  claims  and  proceedings, 
including,  but  not  limited  to,  contractual  disputes,  employment,  environmental,  health  and  safety  matters,  as  well  as  claims 
associated with our historical acquisitions and divestitures. There is insurance coverage available for many of the foregoing actions. 
Although we cannot predict with certainty the ultimate resolution of lawsuits, investigations, claims and proceedings asserted 
against us, we do not believe any currently pending legal proceeding to which we are a party will have a material adverse effect 
on our business, prospects, financial condition, cash flows, results of operations or liquidity.

19. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS 

Management Agreement with SP General Services LLC

SPLP is managed by the Manager, pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement, which receives a fee at an annual 
rate  of  1.5%  of  total  Partners'  capital  ("Management  Fee"),  payable  on  the  first  day  of  each  quarter  and  subject  to  quarterly 
adjustment. In addition, SPLP may issue to the Manager partnership profits interests in the form of incentive units, which will be 
classified as Class C common units of SPLP, upon the attainment of certain specified performance goals by SPLP, which are 
determined as of the last day of each fiscal year (see Note 14 - "Capital and Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss" for additional 
information on the incentive units). 

The Management Agreement is automatically renewed each December 31 for successive one-year terms unless otherwise 
determined at least 60 days prior to each renewal date by a majority of the independent directors. The Management Fee was $8,987, 
$8,583 and $8,150 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Management Fee is included in 
SG&A in the Company's consolidated statements of operations. Unpaid amounts for management fees included in Payables to 
related parties on the Company's consolidated balance sheets were $487 and $0 at December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

SPLP will bear (or reimburse the Manager with respect to) all its reasonable costs and expenses of the managed entities, 
the Manager, SPH GP or their affiliates, including but not limited to: legal, tax, accounting, auditing, consulting, administrative, 
compliance, investor relations costs related to being a public entity rendered for SPLP or SPH GP, as well as expenses incurred 
by the Manager and SPH GP which are reasonably necessary for the performance by the Manager of its duties and functions under 
the Management Agreement and certain other expenses incurred by managers, officers, employees and agents of the Manager or 
its affiliates on behalf of SPLP. Reimbursable expenses incurred by the Manager in connection with its provision of services under 
the Management Agreement were approximately $4,708, $4,222 and $2,906 during the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 
2015, respectively. Unpaid amounts for reimbursable expenses were approximately $881 and $1,031 at December 31, 2017 and 
2016, respectively, and are included in Payables to related parties on the Company's consolidated balance sheets. 

Corporate Services 

104

 
 
Steel Services, through Management Services Agreements with its subsidiaries and portfolio companies, provides services, 
which include assignment of C-Level management personnel, legal, tax, accounting, treasury, consulting, auditing, administrative, 
compliance, environmental health and safety, human resources, marketing, investor relations, operating group management and 
other similar services. In addition to its servicing agreements with SPLP and its consolidated subsidiaries, Steel Services has 
management  services  agreements  with  other  companies  considered  to  be  related  parties,  including,  NOVT  Corporation,  Ore 
Holdings, Inc., J. Howard Inc., Steel Partners, Ltd., iGo, STCN and Aerojet Rocketdyne Holdings, Inc. In total, Steel Services will 
charge approximately $2,720 annually to these companies. All amounts billed under these service agreements are classified as a 
reduction within SG&A.

Mutual Securities

Pursuant  to  the  Management  Agreement,  the  Manager  is  responsible  for  selecting  executing  brokers.  Securities 
transactions for SPLP are allocated to brokers on the basis of reliability and best price and execution. The Manager has selected 
Mutual Securities, Inc. as an introducing broker and may direct a substantial portion of the managed entities' trades to such firm, 
among others. An officer of the Manager and SPH GP is affiliated with Mutual Securities, Inc. The commissions paid by SPLP to 
Mutual Securities, Inc. were not significant in any period. 

Other

At December 31, 2017 and 2016, several related parties and consolidated subsidiaries had deposits totaling $2,438 and 
$2,786, respectively, at WebBank. Approximately $357 and $718 of these deposits, including interest which was not significant, 
have been eliminated in consolidation as of December 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.

20. SEGMENT INFORMATION 

SPLP operates through the following segments: Diversified Industrial, Energy, Financial Services, and Corporate and 
Other, which are managed separately and offer different products and services. For a more complete description of the Company's 
segments, see Item 1 - "Business - The Company" found elsewhere in this Form 10-K.

Steel Services charged the Diversified Industrial, Energy and Financial Services segments approximately $12,000, $8,150
and $4,700 for the year ended December 31, 2017. For the years ended December 31, 2016 and 2015, Steel Services charged the 
Diversified Industrial, Energy and Financial services segments $11,751, $8,150 and $4,700 and $10,200, $8,150 and $3,167, 
respectively, for these services. These amounts are eliminated in consolidation. 

Segment information is presented below:

Revenue:

Diversified industrial

Energy

Financial services

Total

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes:

Diversified industrial

Energy

Financial services

Corporate and other

Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

Income tax provision (benefit)

Net income from continuing operations
Income (loss) from equity method investments and other investments held at fair value, net of taxes:

Diversified industrial

Energy

Corporate and other

Total

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

1,156,187

$

998,556

$

$

$

135,461

80,379

1,372,027

50,104

(21,514)

41,328

(12,607)

57,311

51,299

6,012

$

— $

593

16,295

93,995

70,998

1,163,549

19,175

(11,459)

42,518

(23,711)

26,523

23,952

2,571

8,078

9,944

(13,937)

$

$

$

$

16,888

$

4,085

$

$

$

$

$

$

763,009

132,620

69,430

965,059

42,281
(95,112)
46,314
(1,891)
(8,408)
(78,719)
70,311

(1,252)
(16,102)
(14,423)
(31,777)

105

 
 
 
 
 
Diversified industrial

Energy

Financial services

Corporate and other

Total

Diversified industrial

Energy

Financial services

Corporate and other

Total

Diversified industrial

Energy

Financial services

Corporate and other

Total

Year ended December 31, 2017

Interest 
Expense (a)

Capital
Expenditures

Depreciation 
and
Amortization

13,471

$

40,374

$

1,421

4,685

7,912

13,468

834

61

50,741

20,735

294

166

27,489

$

54,737

$

71,936

Year ended December 31, 2016

Interest 
Expense (a)

Capital
Expenditures

Depreciation 
and
Amortization

8,089

1,544

2,595

1,419

$

27,953

$

5,082

102

1,046

50,100

20,076

274

96

13,647

$

34,183

$

70,546

Year ended December 31, 2015

Interest 
Expense (a)

Capital
Expenditures

Depreciation
and
Amortization

5,238

2,455

1,450

1,169

$

17,212

$

4,785

1,153

102

27,340

20,629

170

421

10,312

$

23,252

$

48,560

$

$

$

$

$

$

(a)  Interest expense includes Finance interest expense of $4,685, $2,595 and $1,450 for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015, 

respectively.

Identifiable Assets Employed:

Diversified industrial

Energy

Financial services

Corporate and other

Segment total

Discontinued operations

Total

December 31,

2017

2016

$

$

1,070,874

$

1,072,147

416,460

612,378

61,779

2,161,491

2,549

2,164,040

$

299,480

456,811

130,898

1,959,336

7,779

1,967,115

The  following  table  presents  geographic  revenue  and  long-lived  asset  information  as  of  and  for  the  year  ended 
December 31. Foreign revenue is based on the country in which the legal subsidiary generating the revenue is domiciled. Long-
lived assets in 2017 and 2016 consist of property, plant and equipment, plus approximately $6,300 and $10,393, respectively, of 
land and buildings from previously operating businesses and other non-operating assets that are carried at the lower of cost or fair 
value less cost to sell and are included in Other non-current assets on the Company's consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 
2017 and 2016, respectively. Neither revenue nor long-lived assets from any single foreign country were material to the consolidated 
financial statements of the Company.

Geographic information:

United States
Foreign

Total

21. REGULATORY MATTERS

WebBank

2017

2016

2015

Revenue

Long-lived
Assets

Revenue

Long-lived
Assets

Revenue

Long-lived
Assets

$ 1,149,792
222,235

$ 1,372,027

$

$

239,834
38,457

$

983,380
180,169

$ 241,324
30,481

278,291

$ 1,163,549

$ 271,805

$

$

824,363
140,696

965,059

$

$

215,619
47,083

262,702

106

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
WebBank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by federal banking agencies. Failure to meet 
minimum capital requirements can initiate certain actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on 
WebBank's financial statements. Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, 
WebBank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of its assets, liabilities, and certain off-balance 
sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices. WebBank's capital amounts and classification are also subject to 
qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk weightings, and other factors.

In July 2013, the FDIC approved the final rules implementing the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision's capital 
guidelines for U.S. banks ("Basel III"). Under the final rules, which began for WebBank on January 1, 2015 and are subject to a 
phase-in period through January 1, 2019, minimum requirements will increase for both the quantity and quality of capital held by 
WebBank. The rules include a new common equity Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets ratio ("CET1 Ratio") of 4.5% and a capital 
conservation buffer of 2.5% of risk-weighted assets, which when fully phased-in, effectively results in a minimum CET1 Ratio 
of 7.0%. Basel III raises the minimum ratio of Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets from 4.0% to 6.0% (which, with the capital 
conservation buffer, effectively results in a minimum Tier 1 capital ratio of 8.5% when fully phased-in), effectively results in a 
minimum total capital to risk-weighted assets ratio of 10.5% (with the capital conservation buffer fully phased-in), and requires 
a minimum leverage ratio of 4.0%. Basel III also makes changes to risk weights for certain assets and off-balance-sheet exposures. 
WebBank expects that its capital ratios under Basel III will continue to exceed the well capitalized minimum capital requirements 
and such amounts are disclosed in the table below:

Actual

For Capital Adequacy
Purposes

Minimum Capital
Adequacy With Capital
Buffer

To Be Well Capitalized
Under Prompt
Corrective Provisions

Amount of Capital Required

As of December 31, 2017

Amount

Ratio

Amount

Ratio

Amount

Ratio

Amount

Ratio

Total Capital

(to risk-weighted assets)

$ 111,102

28.90% $

30,710

8.00% $

35,509

9.25% $

38,388

10.00%

Tier 1 Capital

(to risk-weighted assets)

$ 106,296

27.70% $

23,033

6.00% $

27,831

7.25% $

30,710

8.00%

Common Equity Tier 1 Capital

(to risk-weighted assets)

$ 106,296

27.70% $

17,275

4.50% $

22,073

5.75% $

24,952

6.50%

Tier 1 Capital

(to average assets)

As of December 31, 2016

Total Capital

(to risk-weighted assets)

Tier 1 Capital

(to risk-weighted assets)

Common Equity Tier 1 Capital

(to risk-weighted assets)

Tier 1 Capital

(to average assets)

$ 106,296

19.00% $

22,398

4.00%

n/a

n/a

$

27,998

5.00%

$

$

$

$

90,369

33.90% $

21,320

8.00% $

22,985

8.63% $

26,649

10.00%

88,698

33.30% $

15,990

6.00% $

17,655

6.63% $

21,320

8.00%

88,698

33.30% $

11,992

4.50% $

13,658

5.13% $

17,322

6.50%

88,698

22.20% $

15,956

4.00%

n/a

n/a

$

19,944

5.00%

22. SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION

A summary of supplemental cash flow information for each of the three years ending December 31, 2017 is presented in 

the following table:

107

 
 
Cash paid during the period for:

Interest

Taxes

Non-cash investing activities:

Reclassification of investment in associated company to cost of an acquisition

Reclassification of investment in associated company to investment in consolidated subsidiaries

Reclassification of available-for-sale securities to equity method investment

Partnership interest exchanged for marketable securities

Sales of marketable securities not settled

Securities delivered in exchange for settlement of financial instrument obligations

Exchange of debt securities for equity securities

Non-cash financing activities:

Common unit dividend declared and not paid

Repurchase of common stock by subsidiary not paid

$

$

$

Issuance of SPLP Preferred Units to purchase subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interests

198,817

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

22,029

$

11,900

$

19,774

12,078

— $

39,794

$

—

—

—

—

—

3,317

— $

—

—

—

—

—

9,155

—

3,923

$

—

—

9,213

24,221

66,239

48,748

10,857

25,000

23,229

76

—

—

(8,557)

—

23. OTHER INCOME, NET

Other income, net consists of the following:

Investment income

Realized gains on sale of marketable securities, net

Realized losses on financial instrument obligations

Realized gain on non-monetary exchange

Other, net

Total

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

$

(1,191) $

(3,739) $

(790)

2,918

—

(843)

(3,288)

60

—

(5,582)

(12,763)

(32,466)

477

(9,268)

(1,873)

94

$

(12,549) $

(55,893)

24. PARENT COMPANY CONDENSED FINANCIAL INFORMATION 

As  discussed  in  Note  11  -  "Long-Term  Debt",    the  Company  entered  into  a  Credit Agreement  with  PNC  Bank  that 
consolidates a number of the Company's existing credit facilities into one combined, revolving credit facility covering substantially 
all of the Company's subsidiaries, with the exception of WebBank. Substantially all of the net assets of the Company's subsidiaries 
are restricted by the terms of the Credit Agreement, which does not permit cash transfers to SPLP if the net leverage ratio exceeds 
a specified amount, unless approved by the bank syndicate. As these subsidiaries' restricted net assets represent a significant portion 
of the Company's consolidated total assets, the Company is presenting the following parent company financial information. The 
SPLP parent company condensed financial information is prepared on the same basis of accounting as the SPLP consolidated 
financial statements, except that the SPLP subsidiaries are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. SPLP is a holding 
company with minimal assets or operations, and majority of its subsidiaries are 100% owned.

108

 
 
 
STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P. (PARENT ONLY)
Balance Sheets
(in thousands, except common units)

ASSETS

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

Total current assets

Other non-current assets

Investments in subsidiaries

Total Assets
LIABILITIES AND CAPITAL

Current liabilities:

Accrued liabilities

Dividends payable

Intercompany payable

Total current liabilities

Preferred unit liability

Total Liabilities

Commitments and Contingencies

Capital:

Partners' capital common units: 26,348,420 and 26,152,976 issued and outstanding (after deducting 10,868,367 and

10,558,687 held in treasury, at cost of $170,858 and $164,900), respectively

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

Total Partners' Capital

Noncontrolling interests in consolidated entities

Total Capital

Total Liabilities and Capital

December 31,
2017

December 31,
2016

$

$

$

64

$

103

167

2,385

759,365

761,917

$

769

$

—

17,600

18,369

176,512

194,881

652,270

(106,167)

546,103

20,933

567,036

$

761,917

$

71

204

275

144

710,057

710,476

—

4,063

2,155

6,218

—

6,218

617,502

(68,761)

548,741

155,517

704,258

710,476

109

STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P. (PARENT ONLY)
Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(in thousands)

Equity income of subsidiaries

Selling, general and administrative expenses

Interest expense

Other income

Net income

Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries:

Continuing operations

Discontinued operations

Net (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests in subsidiaries

Net (loss) income attributable to common unitholders

Net income

Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:

Gross unrealized gains (losses) on available-for-sale securities

Reclassification of unrealized losses (gains) on available-for-sale securities

Gross unrealized losses (gains) on derivative financial instruments

Currency translation adjustments

Changes in pension liabilities and other post-retirement benefit obligations

Other comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive (income) loss attributable to noncontrolling interests
Comprehensive income (loss) attributable to common unitholders

STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P. (PARENT ONLY)
Statements of Cash Flows
(in thousands)

Cash flows from operating activities:
Net income
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:

Equity income of subsidiaries
Amortization of preferred unit issuance costs
Equity-based compensation
Prepaid expenses and other current assets
Accounts payable, accrued and other current liabilities
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities

Cash flows from investing activities:
Intercompany advances
Purchases of the Company's common units
Purchase of subsidiary shares from noncontrolling interests
Deferred finance charges
Common unit dividend payment

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Net change for the period

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

110

Year Ended December 31,

2017

2016

2015

$

23,195

$

2,246

$

158,169

$

$

(10,730)

(6,453)

—

6,012

(6,028)

—

(6,028)

(16) $

(1,417)

—

1,742

2,571

4,059

—

4,059

6,630

6,012

$

2,571

$

$

27,689

908

624

5,444

(6,452)

28,213

34,225

(8,300)

13,413

(62)

(1,158)

(11,431)

(18,813)

(18,051)

(15,480)

7,617

$

25,925

$

(7,863) $

(1,601)

—

—

156,568

10,875

(30,708)

(19,833)

136,735

156,568

(31,321)

4,932

(1,757)

(3,950)

(25,839)

(57,935)

98,633

(17,032)

81,601

Year Ended December 31,
2016

2015

2017

$

6,012

$

2,571

$

156,568

(23,195)
237
9,635
268
1,370
(5,673)

19,507
(5,188)
(2,086)
(2,644)
(3,923)
5,666

(2,246)
—
375
(124)
—
576

6,735
(7,297)
—
—
—
(562)

(7)
71
64

$

14
57
71

$

$

(158,169)
—
2,281
10
(1,853)
(1,163)

354
(1,917)
—
—
—
(1,563)

(2,726)
2,783
57

25. QUARTERLY FINANCIAL DATA (unaudited)

Net (Loss) Income From
Continuing Operations
Attributable to Common
Unitholders

Net (Loss) Income
Attributable to Common
Unitholders

Net (Loss)
Income From
Continuing
Operations

Per Common
Unit Basic

Per Common
Unit Diluted

Net (Loss)
Income
Attributable
to Common
Unitholders

Per Common
Unit Basic

Per Common
Unit Diluted

Quarter

Revenue

2017

First

Second

Third
Fourth (a)

2016 (b)
First
Second 
Third
Fourth (c)

$

323,319

$

(3,098) $

(0.16) $

(0.16) $

(4,082) $

(0.16) $

$

$

358,391

355,040

335,277

1,372,027

246,793

281,402

316,849

318,505

$

$

$

1,163,549

$

15,718

10,905

(17,513)

6,012

$

2,344

9,859

13,069

(22,701)

2,571

0.43

0.27

(0.55)

$

0.07

0.35

0.41

(0.59)

0.41

0.27

(0.55)

0.07

0.35

0.41

(0.59)

$

$

$

11,253

7,013

(14,200)

(16)

$

1,962

9,209

10,832

(15,373)

6,630

0.43

0.27

(0.55)

$

0.07

0.35

0.41

(0.59)

(0.16)
0.41

0.27
(0.55)

0.07

0.35

0.41
(0.59)

(a)  The Company recorded asset impairment charges of approximately $2,028 in the fourth quarter of 2017, primarily related to an other-than-
temporary impairment on a certain available-for-sale security (see Note 4 - "Divestitures and Asset Impairment Charges"). In addition, the 
Tax Cuts and Jobs Act was enacted in the fourth quarter of 2017, and in connection therewith, the Company recorded income tax expense of 
$56,552 from the remeasurement of deferred tax balances, as well as a repatriation tax expense of $2,165. During 2017, the Company recorded 
an income tax benefit of $44,681 associated with the reversal of its deferred tax valuation allowances at certain subsidiaries, which primarily 
impacted the fourth quarter. (see Note 15 - "Income Taxes") 

(b) The Company recorded asset impairment charges of approximately $1,470, $7,000, $3,057 and $5,732 in the first, second, third and fourth 
quarters of 2016, respectively. These charges were primarily related to other-than-temporary impairments on certain available-for-sale securities 
(see Note 4 - "Divestitures and Asset Impairment Charges").

(c)  The Company recorded goodwill impairment charges of $24,254 in the fourth quarter of 2016 (see Note 7 - "Goodwill and Other Intangible 

Assets, Net").

26. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On February 16, 2018, the Company completed the acquisition of Dunmore Corporation in the U.S., and the share purchase 
of Dunmore Europe GmbH in Germany (collectively, "Dunmore") for a purchase price of $66,000, subject to a working capital 
adjustment and an earn-out based on future earnings during the period from January 1, 2018 through December 31, 2019, each as 
provided in the purchase agreement. In no case shall the purchase price, including the potential earn-out, exceed $80,000. Dunmore 
is  a  global  provider  of  specialty  coated,  laminated  and  metallized  films  for  the  aircraft,  spacecraft,  photovoltaic,  graphic  arts, 
packaging, insulation, surfacing and fashion industries. Dunmore will report into API, which is part of the Company's Diversified 
Industrial segment.

111

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As required by Rule 13a-15(b) under the Exchange Act, we conducted an evaluation under the supervision and with the 
participation of our management, including the Principal Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of 
our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the Principal 
Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer concluded that as of December 31, 2017 our disclosure controls and procedures 
are effective in ensuring that all information required to be disclosed in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act is 
recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC rules and forms and that such information 
is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, in a 
manner that allows timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

Management's Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial 
reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act. Our internal control over financial reporting is a process 
designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the Company's 
consolidated financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with U.S. GAAP.

Under  the  supervision  and  with  the  participation  of  the  Company's  management,  including  the  Company's  Principal 
Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, the Company conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the internal control 
over financial reporting of the Company as referred to above as of December 31, 2017 as required by Rule 13a-15(c) under the 
Exchange Act. In making this assessment, the Company used the criteria set forth in the framework in Internal Control - Integrated 
Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on its evaluation under the 
framework in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013), management concluded that the Company's internal control over 
financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2017.

BDO USA, LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm who audited the Company's 2017 consolidated financial 
statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued a report on the effectiveness of the Company's internal control 
over financial reporting as of December 31, 2017, which is included herein.

Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting

No change in internal control over financial reporting occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2017 that has 

materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company's internal control over financial reporting.

Inherent Limitations Over Controls

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, 
projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because 
of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

Item 9B. Other Information

None.

112

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

PART III

The Company's definitive proxy statement which will be filed with the SEC pursuant to Registration 14A within 120 days 

of the end of the Company's fiscal year is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 11. Executive Compensation

The Company's definitive proxy statement which will be filed with the SEC pursuant to Registration 14A within 120 days 

of the end of the Company's fiscal year is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The Company's definitive proxy statement which will be filed with the SEC pursuant to Registration 14A within 120 days 

of the end of the Company's fiscal year is incorporated herein by reference. 

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence 

The Company's definitive proxy statement which will be filed with the SEC pursuant to Registration 14A within 120 days 

of the end of the Company's fiscal year is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

The Company's definitive proxy statement which will be filed with the SEC pursuant to Registration 14A within 120 days 

of the end of the Company's fiscal year is incorporated herein by reference.

Item 15. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

PART IV

(a) Financial Statements - The following financial statements of Steel Partners Holdings L.P., and subsidiaries, are included in Part 

II, Item 8 of this report:

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2017 and 2016

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015

Consolidated Statements of Changes in Capital for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December 31, 2017, 2016 and 2015

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

(b) Exhibits - The following documents are filed as exhibits hereto:

Exhibit No. Description

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.4

Share Acquisition Agreement, dated as of April 30, 2012, by and among Steel Excel Inc., BNS Holding, Inc., 
SWH, Inc. and SPH Group Holdings LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of Steel Partners Holdings 
L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 6, 2012).

Asset Purchase Agreement between F&H Acquisition Corp. and Cerberus Business Finance, LLC (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 2.1 of Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed March 14, 2014).

Stock Purchase Agreement, dated December 18, 2014, by and among Handy & Harman Group Ltd., Bairnco 
Corporation and Rogers Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s 
Current Report on Form 8-K, filed January 27, 2015).

Amendment No. 1 to Stock Purchase Agreement, dated January 22, 2015, by and among Handy & Harman Group 
Ltd., Bairnco, LLC and Rogers Corporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.2 to Steel Partners Holdings 
L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed January 27, 2015).

113

 
 
 
 
 
2.5

2.6

2.7

2.8

2.9

2.10

3.1

3.2

3.3

3.4

3.5

4.1

10.1

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of May 31, 2015, by and among Handy & Harman Ltd., Handy & Harman 
Group,  Ltd.,  HNH  Group  Acquisition  LLC,  HNH  Group  Acquisition  Sub  LLC  and  JPS  Industries,  Inc. 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed June 
1, 2015).

Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of April 6, 2016, by and among Handy & Harman Ltd., Handy & Harman 
Group Ltd., SLI Acquisition Co. and SL Industries, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to the Current 
Report on Form 8-K filed by Handy & Harman Ltd. with the Securities and Exchange Commission on April 7, 
2016).

Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of December 7, 2016, by and among Steel Partners Holdings L.P., SPH 
Acquisition Co. and Steel Excel Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s 
Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 9, 2016).

First Amendment to Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of December 23, 2016, by and among Steel Partners 
Holdings L.P., SPH Acquisition Co. and Steel Excel Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Steel Partners 
Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 27, 2016).
Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of June 26, 2017, by and among Steel Partners Holdings L.P., Handy 
Acquisition Co. and Handy & Harman Ltd. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Steel Partners Holdings 
L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 26, 2017).

Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated December 15, 2017, by and among ModusLink Global Solutions, Inc., 
MLGS Merger Company, Inc., IWCO Direct Holdings Inc., CSC Shareholder Services, LLC (solely in its capacity 
as representative), and the stockholders of IWCO Direct Holdings Inc.*** (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
2.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 19, 2017).

Certificate  of  Limited  Partnership  (incorporated  by  reference  to  Exhibit  3.1  to  Steel  Partners  Holdings  L.P.'s 
Registration Statement on Form 10 filed December 15, 2011).

Amendment to the Certificate of Limited Partnership, dated April 2, 2009 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
3.2 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Registration Statement on Form 10 filed December 15, 2011).

Amendment to the Certificate of Limited Partnership, dated January 20, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
3.3 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Registration Statement on Form 10 filed December 15, 2011).

Amendment to the Certificate of Limited Partnership, dated October 15, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
3.4 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Registration Statement on Form 10 filed December 15, 2011).

Seventh Amended and Restated Agreement of Limited Partnership of Steel Partners Holdings L.P., dated as of 
October 12, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on 
Form 8-K filed on October 12, 2017).

Certificate of Designations, Preferences and Rights of Series C Convertible Preferred Stock of ModusLink Global 
Solutions, Inc. filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on December 15, 2017(incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 19, 2017).

Management Services Agreement by and between SP Corporate Services LLC and Handy & Harman Ltd. and 
Handy & Harman Group Ltd., dated as of January 1, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to Amendment 
No. 1 of Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Registration Statement on Form 10 filed January 20, 2012).

First Amendment to Management Services Agreement between Handy & Harman Ltd., Handy & Harman Group 
Ltd. and SP Corporate Services LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s 
Current Report on Form 8-K filed April 2, 2013).

Amended and restated Management Services Agreement by and between SPH Services, Inc. and Handy & Harman 
Ltd. and Handy & Harman Group Ltd., dated as of February 23, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 
to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K/A, filed February 25, 2016).

Credit Agreement, dated as of October 23, 2013, by and among SPH Group Holdings LLC, Steel Partners Holdings 
L.P., the lenders thereunder and PNC Bank, National Association, in its capacity as administrative agent for the 
lenders thereunder (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on 
Form 8-K, filed October 28, 2013).

First Amendment, dated as of December 15, 2014, to the Credit Agreement. dated as of October 13, 2013 by and 
among SPH Group Holdings LLC, Steel Partners Holdings L.P., the lenders thereunder and PNC Bank, National 
Association, in its capacity as administrative agent for the lenders thereunder (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
4.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 15, 2014).

Second Amendment, dated as of March 27, 2015, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of October 23, 2013, by and 
among SPH Group Holdings LLC, Steel Partners Holdings L.P., the lenders thereunder and PNC Bank, National 
Association, in its capacity as administrative agent for the lenders thereunder (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
99.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 30, 2015).

Third Amendment, dated as of September 28, 2015, to the Credit Agreement, dated as of October 23, 2013, by 
and among SPH Group Holdings LLC, Steel Partners Holdings L.P., the lenders thereunder and PNC Bank, National 
Association, in its capacity as administrative agent for the lenders thereunder (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 
99.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed September 29, 2015).

114

10.8

10.9

10.10

10.11

10.12

10.13

10.14

10.15

10.16**

10.17

10.18

Credit Agreement, dated as of November 14, 2017, among Handy & Harman Group Ltd., SPH Group Holdings 
LLC, Steel Excel Inc., API Americas Inc. and Cedar 2015 Limited as Borrowers, PNC Bank, National 
Association, in its capacity as administrative agent, the lenders party thereto, and certain of the Borrowers' 
affiliates in their capacities as guarantors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings 
L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed November 16, 2017). 

Amended and restated Management Services Agreement by and between SPH Services, Inc. and Handy & Harman 
Ltd. and Handy & Harman Group Ltd., dated as of February 23, 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 
to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K/A, filed February 25, 2016).
Management Services Agreement between SP Corporate Services LLC and iGo, Inc. effective October 1, 2013. 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed 
October 15, 2013).

Amended and Restated Management Services Agreement between SP Corporate Services LLC and Steel Excel 
Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed 
January 14, 2014).

Amendment No. 1 to Amended and Restated Management Services Agreement between SP Corporate Services 
LLC and Steel Excel Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current 
Report on Form 8-K, filed January 14, 2014).

Amendment No. 2 to Amended and Restated Management Services Agreement between SP Corporate Services 
LLC and Steel Excel Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current 
Report on Form 8-K, filed January 14, 2014).

Amendment No. 3 to the Amended and Restated Management Services Agreement between Steel Excel Inc. and 
SP Corporate Services LLC, dated as of January 1, 2014 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners 
Holdings L.P.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed November 6, 2014).

Sixth Amended and Restated Management Agreement by and between SP Corporate Services LLC and SP General 
Services LLC, effective as of January 1, 2015 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings 
L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-K, filed January 13, 2015).

Incentive Unit Agreement by and between Steel Partners Holdings L.P. and SPH SPV-I LLC, effective as of May 
11, 2012 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 8-
K, filed January 13, 2015).

Exchange Agreement, dated as of May 31, 2015, by and between Handy & Harman Group, Ltd. and SPH Group 
Holdings LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Current Report on Form 
8-K, filed June 1, 2015).
Preferred Stock Purchase Agreement dated as of December 15, 2017, by and between ModusLink Global Solutions, 
Inc. and SPH Group Holdings LLC. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s 
Current Report on Form 8-K, filed December 19, 2017).

10.19**

Employment Agreement, dated as of June 29, 2010, between SL Industries, Inc. and William Fejes, Jr. (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 10.1 of SL Industries, Inc.'s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, filed August 2, 2010).

21*

24*

31.1*

31.2*
32.1*

32.2*

99.1

99.2

99.3

99.4

99.5

Subsidiaries of Steel Partners Holdings L.P. 

Power of Attorney (included in the signature page)

Certification by the Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Certification by the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Certification by the Principal Executive Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 
906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Certification by the Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 
906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

Financial Statements of SL Industries, Inc. for the three years ended December 31, 2015 (incorporated by reference 
to Exhibit 99.1 of Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Form 10-K/A filed March 23, 2016).
Financial Statements of SL Industries, Inc. for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 (incorporated by 
reference to Exhibit 99.2 of Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Form 8-K/A filed August 16, 2016).

Financial  Statements  of  JPS  Industries,  Inc.  for  the  years  ended  November  1,  2014  and  November  2,  2013 
(incorporated by reference to Exhibit 99.3 of Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Form 10-K filed March 16, 2015).

Financial Statements of JPS Industries, Inc. for the six months ended May 2, 2015 and May 3, 2014 (incorporated 
by reference to Exhibit 99.2 of Steel Partners Holdings L.P.'s Form 8-K/A filed September 3, 2015).

Financial Statements of ModusLink Global Solutions, Inc. for the three years ended July 31, 2017 (incorporated 
by reference to ModusLink Global Solutions, Inc's Annual Report on Form 10-K filed October 16, 2017).

Exhibit
101.INS*

XBRL Instance Document

115

Exhibit
101.SCH*

Exhibit
101.CAL*

Exhibit
101.DEF*

Exhibit
101.LAB*

Exhibit
101.PRE*

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase

XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase

* Filed herewith
** Management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement
*** Schedules and exhibits have been omitted pursuant to Item 601 (b)(2) of Regulation S-K. The Company hereby agrees to 
furnish supplementary copies of any of the omitted schedules or exhibits upon request by the Securities and Exchange 
Commission.

Item 16. Form 10-K Summary

None.

116

 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused 

this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

SIGNATURES

Dated:
March 8, 2018

STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS L.P.

By:

By:

Steel Partners Holdings GP Inc.
Its General Partner

/s/ Warren G. Lichtenstein
Warren G. Lichtenstein
Executive Chairman

POWER OF ATTORNEY

Steel  Partners  Holdings  L.P.  and  each  of  the  undersigned  do  hereby  appoint Warren  G.  Lichtenstein  and  Douglas  B. 
Woodworth, and each of them severally, its or his true and lawful attorney to execute on behalf of Steel Partners Holdings L.P. and 
the undersigned any and all amendments to this Annual Report on Form 10-K and to file the same with all exhibits thereto and other 
documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission; each of such attorneys shall have the power to 
act hereunder with or without the other.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following 
persons in the capacities indicated with respect to Steel Partners Holdings GP Inc., the general partner of Steel Partners Holdings 
L.P., and on behalf of the registrant and on the dates indicated below by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates 
indicated.

By:

By:

By:

By:

By:

By:

By:

By:

/s/ Warren G. Lichtenstein
Warren G. Lichtenstein, Executive Chairman
(Principal Executive Officer)

/s/ Douglas B. Woodworth
Douglas B. Woodworth, Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Accounting Officer)

/s/ Jack L. Howard
Jack L. Howard, Director

/s/ John P. McNiff
John P. McNiff, Director

/s/ Joseph L. Mullen
Joseph L. Mullen, Director

/s/ General Richard I. Neal
General Richard I. Neal, Director

/s/ Lon Rosen
Lon Rosen, Director

/s/ Allan R. Tessler
Allan R. Tessler, Director

117

March 8, 2018
Date

March 8, 2018
Date

March 8, 2018
Date

March 8, 2018
Date

March 8, 2018
Date

March 8, 2018
Date

March 8, 2018
Date

March 8, 2018
Date

Schedule of Subsidiaries

(as of December 31, 2017) (1)

EXHIBIT 21

STEEL PARTNERS HOLDINGS GP INC., a Delaware corporation.

SPH GROUP LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

SPH GROUP HOLDINGS LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

STEEL SERVICES LTD, a Delaware corporation.

WEBFINANCIAL HOLDING CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation.

DGT HOLDINGS CORP., a Delaware corporation.

HANDY & HARMAN LTD., a Delaware corporation.

STEEL EXCEL INC., a Delaware corporation.

WEBFINANCIAL HOLDING CORPORATION SUBSIDIARIES

WEBBANK HOLDING CORP., a Delaware corporation. 

WEBBANK, a Utah chartered industrial bank.

WEBFINANCIAL HOLDING LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

API GROUP plc, a corporation organized under the laws of England and Wales.

API (USA) HOLDINGS LIMITED, a Delaware corporation.

SXCL ACQUISITION CORP., a Delaware corporation

DGT HOLDINGS CORP. SUBSIDIARIES

DM IMAGING CORP., a Delaware corporation.

VILLA IMMOBILIARE SRL, a corporation organized under the laws of Italy.

HANDY & HARMAN LTD. SUBSIDIARIES

HANDY & HARMAN GROUP, LTD., a Delaware corporation (“HHG”).

HANDY & HARMAN, a New York corporation (“HANDY & HARMAN”), a direct subsidiary of HHG.

BAIRNCO LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“BAIRNCO”), a direct subsidiary of HHG.

HANDY & HARMAN HOLDING CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation, a direct subsidiary of HHG.

JPS INDUSTRIES HOLDINGS LLC. a Delaware corporation, a direct subsidiary of HHG.

SL INDUSTRIES, INC., a Delaware corporation, a direct subsidiary of HHG.

HANDY & HARMAN OF CANADA, LIMITED, a corporation organized under the laws of the Province of Ontario, Canada.

HANDY & HARMAN INTERNATIONAL, LTD., a Delaware corporation.

HANDY & HARMAN NETHERLANDS, BV., a corporation organized under the laws of the Netherlands. 

HANDYTUBE CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation (formerly known as Camdel Metals Corporation).

INDIANA TUBE CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation.

LUCAS-MILHAUPT, INC., a Wisconsin corporation.

LUCAS-MILHAUPT BRAZING MATERIALS (SUZHOU) CO. LTD., a corporation organized under the laws of China. 

LUCAS-MILHAUPT HONG KONG LIMITED, a corporation organized under the laws of Hong Kong. 

LUCAS MILHAUPT RIBERAC SA, a corporation organized under the laws of France. 

LUCAS-MILHAUPT WARWICK LLC, a Delaware limited liability company. 

OMG, INC., a Delaware corporation (formerly known as Olympic Manufacturing Group, Inc.)

ATLANTIC SERVICE CO. LTD., a corporation organized under the laws of Canada. 

ATLANTIC SERVICE CO. (UK) LTD., a corporation organized under the laws of United Kingdom. 

BERTRAM & GRAF GMBH, a corporation organized under the laws of Germany. 

KASCO LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

KASCO ENSAMBLY S.A. DE C.V., a corporation organized under the laws of Mexico. 

KASCO MEXICO LLC, a Delaware Limited Liability Company. 

JPS INDUSTRIES HOLDINGS LLC, a Delaware limited liability company 

JPS COMPOSITE MATERIALS CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation.

CEDRO DE MEXICO, S.A. DE C.V., a corporation organized under the laws of Mexico.

DAVALL GEARS LTD., a corporation organized under the laws of United Kingdom. 

INDUSTRIAS SL, S.A. DE C.V., a corporation organized under the laws of Mexico. 

MTE CORPORATION, a Wisconsin corporation. 

SL DELAWARE HOLDINGS, INC., a Delaware corporation.

SL MONTEVIDEO TECHNOLOGY, INC., a Minnesota corporation. 

SL POWER ELECTRONICS CORPORATION, a Delaware corporation. 

SL XIANGHE POWER ELECTRONICS CORPORATION, a corporation organized under the laws of China. 

TPE DE MEXICO, S. DE R.L. DE C.V., a corporation organized under the laws of Mexico. 

STEEL ENERGY SERVICES LTD., a Delaware corporation.  

STEEL EXCEL INC. SUBSIDIARIES (2)

SUN WELL SERVICE, INC., a North Dakota corporation 

ROGUE PRESSURE SERVICES LTD., a Delaware corporation.

BLACK HAWK ENERGY SERVICES, INC., a New Mexico corporation. 

BASIN WELL LOGGING WIRELINE SERVICES, INC., a New Mexico corporation.

STEEL SPORTS INC., a Delaware corporation.

BASEBALL HEAVEN INC., a Delaware corporation.

UK ELITE SOCCER INC., a New Jersey Corporation - 80% owned

1001 HERMOSA AVENUE LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.

________________________

(1) This list omits subsidiaries which, considered in the aggregate, would not constitute a significant subsidiary.

(2) Other than Handy & Harman Ltd. and its subsidiaries.

EXHIBIT 31.1

PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER CERTIFICATION

I, Warren G. Lichtenstein, certify that:

1. 

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 of Steel Partners Holdings L.P.;

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact 
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading 
with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all 
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods 
presented in this report;

4.  The  Registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:

a)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed 
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, 
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be 
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)  Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  Registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this 
report based on such evaluation; and

d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the 
Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; 
and

5.  The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over 
financial reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons 
performing the equivalent functions):

a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting 
which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial 
information; and

b)  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the 

Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:
March 8, 2018

/s/ Warren G. Lichtenstein
Warren G. Lichtenstein
Executive Chairman of Steel Partners 
Holdings GP Inc.

EXHIBIT 31.2

I, Douglas B. Woodworth, certify that:

CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER CERTIFICATION

1. 

I have reviewed this Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2017 of Steel Partners Holdings L.P.;

2.  Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact 
necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading 
with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.  Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all 
material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the Registrant as of, and for, the periods 
presented in this report;

4.  The  Registrant’s  other  certifying  officer  and  I  are  responsible  for  establishing  and  maintaining  disclosure  controls  and 
procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as 
defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the Registrant and have:

a)  Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed 
under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the Registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, 
is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

b)  Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be 
designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the 
preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

c)  Evaluated  the  effectiveness  of  the  Registrant’s  disclosure  controls  and  procedures  and  presented  in  this  report  our 
conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this 
report based on such evaluation; and

d)  Disclosed in this report any change in the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the 
Registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the Registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has 
materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; 
and

5.  The Registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over 
financial reporting, to the Registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the Registrant’s board of directors (or persons 
performing the equivalent functions):

a)  All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting 
which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the Registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial 
information; and

b)  Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the 

Registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date:
March 8, 2018

/s/ Douglas B. Woodworth
Douglas B. Woodworth
Chief Financial Officer of Steel Partners 
Holdings GP Inc.

EXHIBIT 32.1

Certification of the Principal Executive Officer
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Steel Partners Holdings L.P. (the “Partnership”) on Form 10-K for the year ended 
December 31,  2017  as  filed  with  the  Securities  and  Exchange  Commission  on  the  date  hereof  (the  “Report”),  I,  Warren  G. 
Lichtenstein, Executive Chairman of Steel Partners Holdings GP Inc., the general partner of the Partnership, certify, pursuant to 
18 U.S.C. Section §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)  The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations 

of the Partnership.

Date:
March 8, 2018

/s/ Warren G. Lichtenstein
Warren G. Lichtenstein
Executive Chairman
of Steel Partners Holdings GP Inc.

* The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and is not being filed as part of the 
Report or as a separate disclosure document.

EXHIBIT 32.2

Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350,
As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Annual Report of Steel Partners Holdings L.P. (the “Partnership”) on Form 10-K for the year 
ended December 31, 2017 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Douglas 
B. Woodworth, Chief Financial Officer of Steel Partners Holdings GP Inc., the general partner of the Partnership, certify, pursuant 
to 18 U.S.C. Section §1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:

(1)  The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)  The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations 

of the Partnership.

Date:
March 8, 2018

/s/ Douglas B. Woodworth
Douglas B. Woodworth
Chief Financial Officer
of Steel Partners Holdings GP Inc.

* The foregoing certification is being furnished solely pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 and is not being filed as part of the 
Report or as a separate disclosure document.