Stericycle
Annual Report 2022

Plain-text annual report

2022 ANNUAL REPORT A Message from Cindy J. Miller PRESIDENT AND CEO Dear Fellow Stockholders: In 2022, we continued to execute on our five key business priorities while driving year-over-year organic revenue growth of 5.9%¹. We operationalized our flagship East Coast autoclave facility in 2022 while completing upgrades to many facilities throughout our network. Additionally, we broke ground on a new state-of-the-art commercial hospital, medical, and infectious waste incinerator in Nevada. We successfully completed the pilot deployment in Puerto Rico of our Regulated Waste and Compliance Services (“RWCS”) business on our ERP system, which gives us the confidence to further roll out this technology to the United States in 2023. With our continued focus on debt reduction and leverage improvement, we reduced our credit agreement defined leverage ratio to 3.28X and our net debt to $1.46 billion. Finally, we continued to optimize our portfolio by completing the divestiture of Communication Solutions, the last remaining business from our legacy Communication and Related Services business. Over the past four years, we have been focused on building our commercial, operational and technological foundations, supporting Stericycle’s continued evolution. With our foundational pillars in place, we plan to advance our quality of revenue initiative into three areas: (1) expanding service penetration, (2) improving customer implementation velocity, and (3) deepening customer partnerships by developing enhanced customer solutions. We will also begin to expand our operational efficiency, modernization and innovation priority to include: (1) infrastructure and system modernization, (2) fleet replacement and route and long-haul network improvements, and (3) SafeShield container rationalization and modernization. We believe these actions, coupled with our foundational initiatives, set Stericycle on the path toward sustainable long-term revenue growth and margin expansion. ENVIRONMENTAL, SOCIAL AND GOVERNANCE At Stericycle, our vision is to shape a healthier and safer world for everyone, everywhere, every day. We are proud that our services protect the health and well-being of the communities we serve. In 2022, ESG advancements included: 2022 Financial Highlights ($ millions except for EPS) Revenue: Income from Operations: $2,704.7 $153.7 Adjusted Income from Operations2: $323.7 Adjusted Diluted EPS2: Diluted EPS: Cash Flow from Operations: Free Cash Flow3: $2.04 $0.61 $200.2 $68.0 • Focusing on gender, racial and ethnic diversity, equity and inclusion with approximately 22% of our global team members self-identifying as women and approximately 52% of our U.S. employees self-identifying as being from a racial or ethnic minority category. We increased hiring and promotion of candidates in federally designated racial or ethnic minority categories for a second year in a row . In the United States, 65% of new hires and 44% of internal promotions in 2022 were from federally designated racial or ethnic minority categories. ANNUAL REPORT 2022 • Introducing our SafeShield™ Medical Waste Container, which was named Product of the Year by the Business Intelligence Group (BIG) in 2022. These award-winning containers are specifically designed for the storage and transport of regulated medical waste. • Refreshing our Board of Directors with the skills and experience to help guide our business by welcoming Naren K. Gursahaney to our Board of Directors, effective January 1, 2023, and have nominated Victoria L. Dolan to join our Board of Directors following our Annual Meeting of Stockholders on May 16, 2023. • Keeping communities safer, making our oceans and waterways cleaner, reducing demand for landfill space, guarding against identity theft, and reducing the need to harvest trees for virgin pulp through our environmental impact initiatives. In 2022, we - Treated 1.5 billion pounds of medical waste, helping to protect the public from potentially infectious material. - Shredded and recycled 1 billion pounds of paper, helping to safeguard our customers’ confidential information. - Helped our customers divert 101 million pounds of plastic from landfills through the use of reusable sharps waste and pharmaceutical waste containers as compared to single-use containers. - Treated 38 million pounds of pharmaceutical waste prior to disposal, helping to ensure that active pharmaceutical ingredients do not end up in waterways. LOOKING AHEAD As we wrap up 2022, I am reminded of the tremendous progress we’ve made transforming this organization. Our dedicated and talented team continues to focus on delivering on our five key priorities and serving our customers while navigating the convergence of macro-economic factors. Thank you to our customers, team members, the communities we serve, and our shareholders for their continued trust in having Stericycle protect what matters. Thank you for your interest and continued support of Stericycle. Sincerely, Cindy J. Miller President and Chief Executive Officer 1For a description of the relationship of Organic Revenue to Revenue, please refer to “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included herein. 2Reconciliation of U.S. GAAP to Non-GAAP measures can be found in our February 23, 2023, Form 8-K. 3Free Cash Flow is calculated as Net cash from operating activities less Capital expenditures. ANNUAL REPORT 2022 DIRECTORS AND EXECUTIVE MANAGEMENT BOA RD OF DIRE CTO RS Robert S. Murley Chairman - Audit Committee Cindy J. Miller President and Chief Executive Officer Brian P. Anderson Chair – Audit Committee Lynn D. Bleil Chair – Nominating and Governance Committee Member – Compensation and Human Capital Committee Thomas F. Chen Member – Compensation and Human Capital Committee Member – Nominating and Governance Committee Naren K. Gursahaney Member – Audit Committee Member – Operations, Safety and Environmental Committee J. Joel Hackney, Jr. Member – Nominating and Governance Committee Member - Compensation and Human Capital Committee Stephen C. Hooley Chair – Compensation and Human Capital Committee Member – Operations, Safety and Environmental Committee Kay G. Priestly Member – Audit Committee Member - Nominating and Governance Committee James L. Welch Chair – Operations, Safety and Environmental Committee Member – Audit Committee E XE CU T IVE OF FI CER S Cindy J. Miller President and Chief Executive Officer Janet H. Zelenka Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Information Officer Michael S. Weisman Executive Vice President and Chief Ethics and Compliance Officer Richard M. Moore Executive Vice President of North American Operations S. Cory White Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer Daniel V. Ginnetti Executive Vice President, International Joseph A. Reuter Executive Vice President and Chief People Officer Kurt M. Rogers Executive Vice President and General Counsel Dominic Culotta Executive Vice President and Chief Transformation Officer Table of Contents UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION Washington, D.C. 20549 ________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________ FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 or TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 For the transition period from to Commission File Number 1-37556 ________________________________________________________________________ Stericycle, Inc. (Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter) ________________________________________________________________________ Delaware (State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) 36-3640402 (IRS Employer Identification Number) 2355 Waukegan Road Bannockburn, Illinois 60015 (Address of principal executive offices, including zip code) (847) 367-5910 (Registrant’s telephone number, including area code) ________________________________________________________________________ Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act: Title of each class Common Stock, par value $0.01 per share Trading Symbol(s) SRCL Name of each exchange on which registered Nasdaq Global Select Market Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No ☐ Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes No x Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15-(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes x No Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definition of “large accelerated filer”, “accelerated filer” “smaller reporting company”, and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. Large accelerated filer ☒ Smaller reporting company ☐ Accelerated filer ☐ Emerging Growth Company ☐ Non-accelerated filer ☐ If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒ If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements.☐ Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1b.☐ Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). YES ☐ NO ☒ The aggregate market value of voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which common equity was last sold as of the last business day of the registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter (June 30, 2022): $4,011,736,033. On February 17, 2023 there were 92,233,061 shares of the Registrant’s Common Stock outstanding. DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE Information required by Items 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of Part III of this Report is incorporated by reference from the Registrant’s definitive Proxy Statement for the 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders. ☒☐Table of Contents TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents PART I. Item 1. Business Item 1A. Risk Factors Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments Item 2. Properties Item 3. Legal Proceedings Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures PART II. Item 5. Market Price for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchase of Equity Securities Item 6. [Reserved] Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure Item 9A. Controls and Procedures Item 9B. Other Information Item 9C. Disclosures Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections PART III. Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance Item 11. Executive Compensation Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services PART IV. Item 15. Exhibits Item 16. Form 10-K Summary SIGNATURES 2 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Page No. 6 19 29 30 30 30 31 31 32 45 47 82 82 85 85 86 86 86 87 87 88 91 92 Table of Contents PART I Glossary of Defined Terms Unless the context requires otherwise, the “Company”, “Stericycle”, “we”, “us”, or “our” refers to Stericycle, Inc. on a consolidated basis. The Company also uses several other terms in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, most of which are explained or defined below: Abbreviation 2021 Plan Description 2021 Incentive Stock Plan Annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 2022 Form 10-K Adjusted Income from Operations Income from Operations adjusted for certain items discussed in Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations APHIS ASU Buyer CARES Act CDC Clean Air Act COR COSO Criteria COVID-19 Credit Agreement Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service Accounting Standards Update Harsco Corporation and CEI Holding LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and subsidiary of Harsco Corporation U.S. Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security Act enacted into law on March 27, 2020 U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention The Clean Air Act of 1970 Cost of Revenues Internal Control Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission The global novel coronavirus disease 2019 outbreak, which the World Health Organization declared to be a pandemic Credit Agreement dated September 30, 2021 and First Amendment dated April 26, 2022, among the Company and certain subsidiaries as borrowers. Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, swing line lender, a lender and a letter of credit issuer and the other lenders party thereto, as amended As of any date of determination, the ratio of (a) (i) Consolidated Funded Indebtedness as of such date minus (ii) Unrestricted Cash as of such date to (b) Consolidated EBITDA (as defined in the Credit agreement) for the period of four fiscal quarters most recently ended on or prior to such date. The Company's $1.2 billion credit facility due in September of 2026 granted under the terms of the Credit Agreement Communication and Related Services (Divested December 2022) Discounted Cash Flows U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration. The DEA is a division of the U.S. Department of Justice. It is the federal agency which regulates the manufacture, dispensing, storage, and shipment of controlled substances including medications with human abuse potential U.S. Department of Justice Credit Agreement Defined Debt Leverage Ratio Credit Facility CRS DCF DEA DOJ Domestic Environmental Solutions Hazardous Waste Solutions and Manufacturing and Industrial Services (Divested April 2020) DOT DSO DTSC EBITDA EHS EPA ERISA ERP ESPP EU Exchange Act Expert Solutions FACTA FASB FCPA FCPA Settlement FMCSA GDPR GILTI GPO HIPAA HSA IATA Indenture International IRS U.S. Department of Transportation Days Sales Outstanding, defined as the average number of days that it takes a company to collect payment after revenue has been recorded, computed as the trailing twelve months of Revenues for the period ended DSO, divided by the Accounts Receivable balance at the end of the period U.S. Department of Toxic Substances Control Earnings Before Interest, Taxes, Depreciation & Amortization. Another common financial term utilized by Stericycle to analyze the core profitability of the business before interest, tax, depreciation and amortization Environmental, Health and Safety U.S. Environmental Protection Agency U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended by the Multi-Employer Pension Amendments Act of 1980 Enterprise Resource Planning Employee Stock Purchase Plan, which was approved by stockholders in May 2001 (as amended and restated in May 2017) European Union U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934 Recall and Return Services (Divested December 2020) U.S. Fair and Accurate Credit Transaction Act Financial Accounting Standards Board U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act FCPA Settlement with the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Department of Justice and Brazilian authorities of approximately $90.0 million and engagement of an independent compliance monitor for 2 years and self-reporting for additional year U.S. Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration General Data Protection Regulation Global Intangible Low-Taxed Income Group Purchasing Organization Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act Healthcare Service Agreement with Buyer International Air Transport Association Indenture, dated as of June 14, 2019 between the Company, the guarantors named therein and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee Operating segment including Europe, Middle East, Asia Pacific and Latin America Business operations outside of North America U.S. Internal Revenue Service 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 3 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 3 Table of Contents ISO NOL North America NOV OSHA Other Costs Pension Protection Act PFA PHMSA Plan PPE PSU Purchase Agreement RCRA Retained Business ROU RSU RWCS S&P SEC Senior Notes Series A SG&A SID SOP SQ Settlement Tax Act Term Facility Term Loans TSA U.K. UPS U.S. USDA U.S. GAAP PART I Incentive Stock Options Net Operating Losses Operating segment in North America, including U.S., Canada and Puerto Rico Notice of Violation U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 Represents corporate enabling and shared services costs, annual incentive and stock-based compensation Pension Protection Act of 2006 Pre-filing agreement with the IRS U.S. Pipeline Hazardous Materials Safety Administration 401(k) defined contribution retirement savings plan Personal Protective Equipment Performance-based Restricted Stock Unit Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 6, 2020, by and between Stericycle, Inc., and the Harsco Corporation and CEI Holding LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and subsidiary of Harsco Corporation U.S. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act of 1976 The Company's healthcare hazardous waste services and unused consumer pharmaceuticals take-back services Right-of-Use Restricted Stock Unit Regulated Waste and Compliance Services, a business unit that provides regulated medical waste services Standard & Poor's U.S. Securities and Exchanges Commission 5.375% ($600.0 million) Senior Notes due July 2024 and 3.875% ($500.0 million) Senior Notes due January 2029 Series A Mandatory Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share Selling, general and administrative expenses Secure Information Destruction Services, a business unit that provides confidential customer material shredding services and recycling of shredded paper Sorted Office Paper Small quantity medical waste customers class action settlement of $295.0 million U.S. Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 Aggregate amount of commitments made by any lender under the terms of the Credit Agreement Advances made by any lender under the Term Facility Transition Services Agreement United Kingdom United Parcel Service, Inc. United States of America U.S. Department of Agriculture U.S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 4 4 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART I PART I Disclosure Regarding Forward-Looking Statements This document may contain forward-looking statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. When we use words such as “believes”, “expects”, “anticipates”, “estimates”, “may”, “plan”, “will”, “goal”, or similar expressions, we are making forward- looking statements. Forward-looking statements are prospective in nature and are not based on historical facts, but rather on current expectations and projections of our management about future events and are therefore subject to risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from the future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause such differences include, among others, inflationary cost pressure in labor, supply chain, energy, and other expenses, decreases in the volume of regulated wastes or personal and confidential information collected from customers, the ability to implement the remaining phases of our ERP system, and disruptions resulting from deployment of our ERP system, disruptions in our supply chain, disruptions in or attacks on information technology systems, labor shortages, a recession or economic disruption in the U.S. and other countries, changing market conditions in the healthcare industry, competition and demand for services in the regulated waste and secure information destruction industries, SOP pricing volatility or pricing volatility in other commodities, foreign exchange rate volatility in the jurisdictions in which we operate, changes in governmental regulation of the collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of regulated waste or the proper handling and protection of personal and confidential information, the level of government enforcement of regulations governing regulated waste collection and treatment or the proper handling and protection of personal and confidential information, charges related to portfolio optimization or the failure of acquisitions or divestitures to achieve the desired results, failure to consummate transactions with respect to non-core businesses, the obligations to service substantial indebtedness and comply with the covenants and restrictions contained in our credit agreements and notes, rising interest rates or a downgrade in our credit rating resulting in an increase in interest expense, political, economic, and other risks related to our foreign operations, pandemics and the resulting impact on the results of operations, long-term remote work arrangements which may adversely affect our business, supply chain disruptions, disruptions in transportation services, restrictions on the ability of our team members to travel, closures of our facilities or the facilities of our customers and suppliers, changes in the volume of paper processed by our secure information destruction business and the revenue generated from the sale of SOP, weather and environmental changes related to climate change, requirements of customers and investors for net carbon zero emissions strategies, and the introduction of regulations for greenhouse gases, which could negatively affect our costs to operate, the outcome of pending, future or settled litigation or investigations including with respect to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and foreign anti-corruption laws, failure to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, as well as other factors described in our filings with the SEC, including the 2022 Form 10-K and subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. As a result, past financial performance should not be considered a reliable indicator of future performance, and investors should not use historical trends to anticipate future results or trends. We disclaim any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking or other statements contained herein other than in accordance with legal and regulatory obligations. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 5 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 5 Table of Contents PART I Item 1. Business Overview Company Overview Stericycle is a global business-to-business services company. We provide an array of highly specialized solutions that protect the health and well-being of the people and places around us in a safe, responsible, and sustainable way. Since our founding in 1989, we have grown from a small start-up in medical waste management into a leader across a range of increasingly complex and highly regulated arenas, serving healthcare organizations and commercial businesses of every size through Regulated Waste and Compliance Services and Secure Information Destruction Services. Through our family of brands, Stericycle serves customers in the U.S. and 16 other countries worldwide with solutions to safely manage materials that could otherwise spread disease, contaminate the environment, or compromise one’s identity. To our customers, team members and the communities we serve, Stericycle is a company that protects what matters. Our service offerings appeal to a wide range of business customers. Our customers are in the following industries: enterprise healthcare (i.e., hospitals, health systems, and non-affiliate hospitals; national and corporate healthcare), practices and care providers (i.e., physician offices, surgery centers, veterinary clinics, nursing and long-term care facilities, dental clinics, clinics and urgent care, dialysis centers, home health organizations), and pharmacy, lab and research centers. We also provide services to airports and seaports, education institutions, funeral homes and crematories, government and military, banks and professional services, and other businesses. Segments Our operating segments as of December 31, 2022, are North America and International. Financial and other information related to our reporting segments is included in Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 17 - Segment Reporting. Services Within our operating segments, our revenues are further broken down into these service categories: Revenue Service Category Services Offered • Biohazardous Waste Disposal (including Regulated Medical Waste, Sharps Waste Management and Disposal, Pharmaceutical Waste Management and Disposal, Controlled Substance Waste Disposal, Healthcare Hazardous Waste, and COVID 19 Waste Disposal) Regulated Waste and Compliance Services Solutions) • Compliance Solutions (including Steri-Safe® Compliance • Specialty Services (including MedDrop Medication Collection Kiosks, Safe Community Solutions, SafeDrop Sharps Mailback Solutions, and Maritime Waste Services) TM • Medical Supply Store (including Sharps and disposable TM Secure Information Destruction Services Biohazardous Waste Containers) • Secure information destruction (including document and hard drive destruction services) under the Shred-it® brand name which includes regular scheduled services (and processing onsite and offsite) and one-time services (including select, priority and express) 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 6 6 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents Revenues by service category for each of the operating segments were as follows: In millions North America Regulated Waste and Compliance Services Secure Information Destruction Services Total North America Segment International Regulated Waste and Compliance Services Secure Information Destruction Services Total International Segment Total Revenues PART I 1,457.5 679.0 2,136.5 396.5 113.9 510.4 Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 1,468.8 $ 794.3 2,263.1 329.4 112.2 441.6 2,704.7 $ 2,646.9 $ $ See Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for further information on changes in revenues. Portfolio Optimization On December 1, 2022, we entered into an agreement and completed the sale of our Communication Solutions business for proceeds of approximately $45.0 million in cash. Communication Solutions had revenues in 2022 of approximately $54.9 million through the date of divestiture, reported in our North America segment, as part of Regulated Waste and Compliance Services. Customers Our service offerings appeal to a wide range of business customers. Our customers are primarily in the following industries: enterprise healthcare (i.e., hospitals, health systems, and non-affiliate hospitals; and national and corporate healthcare), practices and care providers (i.e., physician offices, surgery centers, veterinary clinics, nursing and long-term care facilities, dental clinics, clinics and urgent care, dialysis centers, and home health organizations), and pharmacy, lab and research centers. We also provide services to airports and seaports, education institutions, funeral homes and crematories, government and military, banks and professional services, and other businesses. While we manage large volumes of waste and other materials, the average volume per customer site is relatively small. No single customer accounted for more than 1.6% of our total revenues and our top ten customers collectively accounted for approximately 8.5% of total revenues. No single customer accounted for more than 1.9% of our total accounts receivable and our top ten outstanding customer balances accounted for approximately 7.6% of total accounts receivable. We have developed a strong and loyal customer base, with an estimated revenue retention rate of approximately 90% (based on our internal customer attrition analysis) and have been able to leverage these customer relationships to provide additional services. As of December 31, 2022, Regulated Waste and Compliance Services are provided to customers in the U.S., Brazil, Canada, Ireland, the Netherlands, Portugal, the Republic of Korea, Romania, Spain and the U.K. Secure Information Destruction Services under the Shred-it® brand are provided in the U.S., Australia, Belgium, Canada, France, Germany, Ireland, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, Spain, Singapore and the U.K. Secure Information Destruction Services are also provided in the United Arab Emirates through a joint venture. In the U.S. and elsewhere, the healthcare industry is evolving to meet competing demands for increased healthcare coverage of a growing and aging population and economic pressures to reduce healthcare costs. As a result of these dynamics, hospital networks are consolidating physician practices into their networks, independent practices are consolidating, while other customers are leveraging GPOs to reduce healthcare costs. Our international RWCS operations generate most of their revenues from large account customers, such as hospitals, publicly funded healthcare organizations and National Trusts versus smaller customers which tend to be more profitable. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 7 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 7 Table of Contents Facilities and Fleet PART I Our worldwide network includes a global fleet of approximately 6,100 route trucks, tractors, collection vans, and small duty vehicles. We operate out of approximately 443 facilities worldwide with properties both leased and owned as described below: North America International Total Autoclave or Alternative Medical Waste Treatment Medical Waste Incinerator Facilities Secure Information Destruction Processing Transfer Stations (RWCS and SID) Other Locations and/or Administrative Facilities Total Facilities 45 31 76 9 16 25 93 26 119 137 52 189 13 21 34 297 146 443 We are headquartered in Bannockburn, Illinois. Our Key Business Priorities Following its founding in 1989, Stericycle grew rapidly through acquisitions as the regulated waste industry developed. Growth from regulated waste acquisitions helped us achieve scale of infrastructure, route density and a leadership position in many of the markets we serve. We also leveraged acquisitions to enter new regional and international geographies and added additional services to our portfolio, including the Secure Information Destruction business in 2015. As we grew and evolved, we operated without centralization and the efficiencies that come from an integrated, modern corporate structure and associated information systems until we shifted our focus to our five key business priorities in 2019. • Quality of revenue – The services we offer help our customers meet complex regulations. Our expertise, infrastructure and service levels provide a differentiated and premium brand value to the customers we serve. As such, we are focused on improving the quality of revenue we deliver through a formal cross-functional deal review committee, realignment of sales incentive plans, re- organization of our commercial leadership team around our service lines, key customer channels, and implementation of global customer pipeline management processes for both RWCS and SID. • Operational efficiency, modernization, and innovation – Our day-to-day operations are shifting toward a standardized and centralized operating model to optimize processes, drive efficiencies and improve both safety and service. Additionally, our engineering team is focused on driving cost efficiencies through work measurement, asset optimization, use of technology, enhanced operational and capital planning, expanded strategic sourcing, fleet replacement and route and long-haul network improvements, and SafeShield container rationalization and modernization. • ERP implementation – Stericycle historically acquired more than 500 companies without fully integrating certain acquisitions onto centralized information technology platforms. The resulting disparate operating and information systems created significant operational inefficiencies and manual processes. We expect the implementation of the North America ERP and International modernization will continue to make it easier for our customers to do business with us, drive improved operating margins through daily decisions using real-time information insights, simplify and enhance financial and operational transparency for greater accountability, aid in strategic planning, and streamline operational processes. • Debt reduction and leverage improvement – As a result of the debt accumulated from our historic acquisition strategy, debt structure and debt leverage improvement are a key focus as we aim to continue to increase the strength of our balance sheet and continue to invest in our business. • Portfolio optimization – We continue to focus on where our core businesses can be successful. To achieve this, we remain committed to pursuing the divestitures of service lines and geographies that are not as profitable, have limited growth potential, are not vertically integrated, are not essential to our RWCS and SID Revenue categories, and/or present the opportunity to reduce debt. Additionally, we will continue to evaluate growth opportunities for our core business through smaller accretive tuck-in acquisitions. For further details, refer to Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 3 – Acquisition, Note 4 – Restructuring, Divestitures, and Asset Impairments, and Note 9 – Debt. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 8 8 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART I Regulated Waste and Compliance Services Collection and Transportation The collection process for regulated waste streams begins at the customer location with waste segregation. To assure regulatory compliance, we educate our customers and will not accept material from customers unless it complies with our waste acceptance protocols and is properly stored or packaged in containers that we have either supplied or approved and is appropriately labeled. Our team members then collect containers at the customer location via our fleet of vehicles. The majority of collected waste is then transported directly to one of our processing facilities or to one of our transfer stations until it’s transported to a processing facility. Our use of transfer stations in a “hub and spoke” configuration improves the efficiency of our collection and transportation operations by expanding the geographic area that a particular processing facility can serve, thereby increasing the utilization of the facility and the volume of waste that it processes. Processing and Disposal of Regulated Waste Upon arrival at a processing facility, containers or boxes of regulated waste undergo a quality control process to verify that they do not contain any unacceptable substances. Any container or box that is discovered to contain unacceptable waste goes through a corrective action process which could include redirecting the waste, returning the waste to the customer and/or notifying the appropriate regulatory authorities. From there, regulated waste is processed using one of several treatments or processing technologies, predominantly at one of our facilities: • Autoclaving: Autoclaving is the primary method of regulated waste treatment. This process relies on steam at high temperature and pressure to kill pathogens and render materials non-infectious. • Alternative Technologies: We use several different non-incineration alternatives to autoclaves, predominantly outside of the U.S. The processes used by these technologies are similar, as the regulated waste is heated to a specified temperature for a required time to kill the pathogens and render materials non-infectious. This is not always under pressure. Depending on local requirements, the waste may be shredded before or after treatment to render it unrecognizable. • Incineration: While Stericycle strives to use alternative, non-incineration methods for treating medical waste, incineration remains a regulatory requirement and/or a best practice in certain geographies or for certain types of medical waste that need to be chemically destroyed. Incineration burns regulated waste at elevated temperatures and reduces it to ash. Incineration reduces the volume of waste, and it is the recommended treatment and disposal option for some types of regulated waste such as anatomical waste, residues from chemotherapy procedures and non-hazardous pharmaceutical waste. Air emissions from incinerators can contain certain byproducts that are subject to federal, state and in some cases, local regulation. In some circumstances, the ash byproduct of incineration may be regulated. Upon completion of the treatment process, the resulting waste or incinerator ash is transported for disposal in a landfill owned by unaffiliated third parties. In several of our incineration facilities, we use different types of waste-to-energy solutions as part of our processes. Stericycle has four incinerators with steam turbines that can generate electricity and reduce the amount of power required from utilities at each site. In the U.K., several of our incinerators export steam to hospitals, where they are co-located, to be used for facility or hot water heating, steam sterilization, and/or laundry services. Similar to exported steam, two of our U.K. incinerators export hot water to nearby hospitals. In the U.K. and Ireland, after 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 9 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 9 Table of Contents PART I medical waste has gone through the alternative treatment process, it is sent for beneficial reuse. This treated waste is sent to cement producers and used as an alternative fuel for cement kilns. Secure Information Destruction We leverage a combination of off-site and on-site document destruction methods for one-time and recurring paper shredding. In North America in 2022, approximately 70% of collected documents for secure destruction were sent off-site to geographic consolidating shredding facilities for secure destruction. The remainder of collected documents are shredded on-site with shredding equipment in our vehicles. For both methods, our service offerings leverage cross-cut shredding technology to enhance the security level of destruction and can provide secure chain-of-custody and Proof of Service. Shredded paper is then baled to be sold as SOP for recycling. SOP consists of paper typically generated by offices that contains primarily white paper. It’s a higher value recyclable than mixed paper, old newspapers or magazines. In 2022, Stericycle collected and delivered approximately 523,000 tons of SOP for recycling into paper products. During 2022, the average annual SOP price was $235 per ton, as reported by Fastmarkets RISI, an increase of 67.8% over 2021. Our Business Model and Key Business Attributes Regulated Business-to-Business Operations We focus on providing business-to-business services in areas of operations that are highly regulated. By helping our customers maintain compliance with complex regulations, we protect people and brands, promote health and safeguard the environment. Governmental legislation and regulation require the proper handling and disposal of items such as regulated waste and personal confidential information. Regulated waste can be defined as any material subject to government-imposed guidelines for handling the material for transportation or disposal. • Regulated Medical Waste: Regulated medical waste generated from procedures including any items saturated with blood or other potentially infectious materials (OPIM), such as bandages, gauze, or PPE, are considered regulated medical waste or red bag waste. • Trace Chemotherapy Waste: Chemotherapy waste includes empty chemo drug vials, syringes and needles, spill kits, IV tubing and bags, contaminated gloves and gowns, materials from spill cleanups, or bodily fluids/waste. • Pathological Waste: Pathological waste such as human or animal body parts, organs, tissues, and surgical specimens (decanted of formaldehyde, formalin, or other preservatives) are packaged separately. • Sharps Waste: Sharps waste such as needles, scalpels, blades, and pipettes that have come in contact with blood, body fluids, or microorganisms. • Pharmaceutical Waste: Pharmaceutical waste that may be hazardous or nonhazardous and consists of expired, recalled, or otherwise unused pharmaceuticals. • Controlled Substances Waste: Controlled substances waste includes unused, unwanted, or expired pharmaceutical controlled substances. • Healthcare Hazardous Waste: Healthcare hazardous waste includes prevalent and well-known waste streams and other wastes generated in smaller quantities that require proper attention, such as flammable liquids, xylene, formalin, aerosols, and universal waste. • Maritime Waste: Airport and seaport generated waste including gray water, black water, bilge water, sludge, solid waste, recyclable solid waste, RCRA hazardous waste, APHIS waste, and universal waste. • COVID-19 Waste Disposal: Medical waste and PPE waste generated through the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare and non- healthcare facilities, including vaccine disposal, testing and temporary healthcare sites, and non-healthcare PPE disposal. • Personal Confidential Information: Documents and e-media containing protected healthcare information, financial information, or other confidential information. Growing Markets The services we offer, especially our core services of regulated waste and compliance and secure information destruction, are growing or have historically grown. This growth is driven by multiple factors: 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 10 10 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART I • Aging Population: The average age of the population in the countries in which we operate is rising, driving increases in healthcare demand and the quantity of regulated wastes generated. • Enforcement of Waste Regulations: We operate in a highly regulated business where penalties for violations can be costly and high profile, thereby impacting our customers' overall reputation. We believe that many businesses are either unaware of the need for proper training of employees or of applicable regulatory requirements or understaffed or lack the expertise to comply with the regulations, and we seek to help businesses fill this gap. • Regulation of Privacy and Information Security and Concerns over Data Breaches: The secure information destruction total addressable market has been driven, in part, by the need for compliance with increasing government regulation and increasing general concern with privacy and information security. Recent regulatory changes reflecting this increased regulatory focus include the European GDPR; California, Colorado, and Virginia’s comprehensive consumer privacy legislation; and Canada's Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act. Moreover, the majority of states are working on comprehensive consumer privacy legislation. • Increased Business Focus on Sustainability: Businesses continue to realize that a focus on sustainability is increasingly essential to operating efficiently and meeting the increasing demands and expectations of customers and stakeholders for environmental responsibility. Such pressures are driving proper disposal of pharmaceuticals, recycling efforts, shred-all policies for paper and other initiatives supported by our services. Stable and Recurring Customer Needs Supported by Long-term Contracts The services we provide most often require service on a routine and scheduled basis. The majority of our customer relationships include long-term contracts ranging from three to five years in length. We have developed a strong and loyal customer base, with a revenue retention rate of approximately 90% (based on our internal customer attrition analysis) in 2022. Established Network of Processing and Transportation Locations Our infrastructure network results in an expansive operational network with alternate transportation, treatment and destruction options for our customers. The scale of our network also provides us the ability to be the single-source provider for customers with multiple locations across the country and gives us the flexibility to quickly redirect services or operations to another location if the need arises due to severe weather, power outages, or other disruptions. Our goal is to optimize our facilities with a strategic and standardized operating model. We are analyzing processing capabilities, plant and transportation equipment needs, team member requirements, and potential customer implications or benefits. This planning process also provides opportunities to focus on reducing our environmental impact by optimizing our transportation network to reduce miles driven and overall greenhouse gas impact. We anticipate that modernizing our plant equipment with new efficient technology will also lessen our overall energy consumption per operating cycle. Over the past two years, we opened four new greenfield autoclave facilities (New Jersey, California, Ireland, and United Kingdom) and completed over 20 upgrade projects, including improvements to autoclaves, shredders, washers and enhanced conveyance, and sharps processing. These new and improved facilities and upgrades represent the initial steps in modernizing our global facility network which we plan to expand in future periods. In 2022, we began constructing a commercial Hospital, Medical, Infectious Waste Incinerator (HMIWI) in Nevada. Routing Logistics While we manage large volumes of waste and secure information for destruction, the average volume per customer site is relatively small and the resulting revenue per stop is low. As such, route logistics and route efficiency are a core focus. Our transportation network provides us with an advantage compared to our competition in many of the markets we serve. Additionally, we have continued to focus on route density and optimized routing at both the individual truck and geographic market level. As an example, by optimizing the location of the new greenfield autoclave facility in California and executing our transportation and long-haul plan, we are now driving 20,000 fewer miles per month, on average, in the Western United States. We expect that the North America ERP implementation will provide greater visibility to data which will continue to enable additional routing and operational efficiencies. Industry Leadership and Expertise Based on our infrastructure and revenues, we maintain a global leadership position across many of our services lines, including regulated waste and secure information destruction. We employ experienced team members who 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 11 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 11 Table of Contents PART I have a deep understanding of the industries they serve, the regulatory climate and the evolving needs of our customers. We collaborate regularly with a wide range of stakeholders and interest groups. Starting in 2020 and continuing throughout 2022, the Company took a leadership position related to the management of pandemic waste, supporting our customers and providing industry expertise regarding the effective management of COVID-19 waste. In 2014, we were tasked by the DOT and CDC to dispose of waste from the Ebola outbreak. Stericycle also provided essential regulated medical waste disposal during the 2003 SARs outbreak and the 2009 H1N1 outbreak. We proactively work with organizations like the CDC, DEA, EPA, OSHA and many other government and regulatory bodies, including law enforcement. Our experts are frequent speakers at hospital networks and industry trade associations and actively engage in numerous community meetings each year. Human Capital Management Workforce Overview As of December 31, 2022, our workforce is over 15,000 team members, with 97% of them employed full-time. We engage approximately 1,170 global contingent workers, supplementing our staff to fill temporary positions or as a part of a temporary-to-permanent recruiting program. Our 2022, voluntary turnover rate, excluding turnover due to divestitures, averaged approximately 28%. This represents an increase in our voluntary turnover rate of 2% year over year. As of December 31, 2022, 12% of our total global workforce was covered by collective bargaining agreements or works councils. There are 16 collective agreements in the U.S. and Canada, covering approximately 650 team members or 6% of our North American workforce. Approximately 1,200 team members outside North America are covered by collective bargaining agreements or works councils. We engage in good faith bargaining with the works councils and unions that represent our team members. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 12 12 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART I Diversity and Inclusion At Stericycle, we are committed to driving engagement and inclusivity. During 2022, 65% of U.S. new hires and 44% of internal promotions were from federally designated racial or ethnic minority categories. We hired approximately 200 team members during 2022 who identified as U.S. veterans. We believe our seven employee resource groups (ERG) help drive engagement and representation and support team members who are Women, Black and African American, Latinx, Veterans, members of the LGBTQ+ (lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer) community, young professionals, and team members and their family members who have disabilities. We routinely leverage our ERGs to address important social topics with our team members through “Let’s Talk About It” video discussion. Additionally, during 2022, our ERGs provided educational communications to our team members; hosted speaker events; led company celebrations for Black History Month, Hispanic Heritage Month, Pride Month, Asian American and Pacific Islander Month, Veterans Day, and other days of diversity awareness or celebration; and provided mentoring programs for Women, Black and African Americans, and Veterans. We remain committed to a routine review of the competitiveness and equity of our team members’ compensation, with the next detailed analysis planned for 2023. Additionally, we continue to monitor and comply with state laws around pay transparency. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 13 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 13 Table of Contents Safety PART I At Stericycle, a commitment to safety is one of our core values. We focus on a comprehensive safety program to protect our team and drive our safety performance. In 2022, our safety improvement journey included a comprehensive focus on developing centralized procedures, processes and monitoring as well as investment in new training programs to increase safety awareness. During 2022, our safety program expansion included: • • • • a global expansion of our comprehensive defensive driving program; a new, centrally coordinated Global EHS Audit Program focused on conducting comprehensive, unscheduled audits of facility operations; a monthly safety global coaching and communications program; and a weekly published Safety Exchange with themed procedures and best practices. Our Operating Environment Competition The industries and markets in which we operate are highly competitive on pricing and barriers to entry are low. Our competitors consist of many different types of service providers, including national, regional and local companies. Some of these companies provide only a portion of the services of Stericycle - for example, just collection and transportation, but not treatment of regulated waste. In the regulated waste and secure information destruction industries, another source of competition is on-site management. For regulated waste, some large-quantity waste generators, particularly hospitals, may choose an onsite autoclave or other treatment process. For secure information destruction, many businesses may choose to use small, on-site shredders for their documents. In both regulated waste and secure information destruction, there is no other competitor in North America with Stericycle’s overall scale, breadth of services, national transportation network and comprehensive treatment network. Governmental Regulation Stericycle’s RWCS and SID services are subject to numerous regulations, which are frequently evolving. We are subject to substantial regulations enacted and enforced by governments within the U.S. and the international jurisdictions in which we conduct operations. In many countries, there are multiple regulatory agencies at the local and national level that oversee our customers and/or our services. The regulatory requirements with which we must comply vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction. The laws governing our domestic and international operations generally consist of statutes, legislation and regulations concerning environmental protection; employee and public health and safety; transportation; document destruction and management; data privacy; ethical business conduct; and the management of regulated waste streams, including regulations that govern the definition, generation, segregation, handling, packaging, transportation, treatment, storage and disposal of regulated waste. This regulatory framework imposes a variety of compliance requirements, including requirements to obtain and maintain government permits or other authorizations. We maintain governmental permits, registrations and licenses to conduct our business throughout the jurisdictions in which we operate. Our permits vary by jurisdiction based upon our activities within that jurisdiction and on the applicable laws and regulations of that jurisdiction. These permits grant us the authority to, among other things, construct and operate transfer and processing facilities; transport regulated waste within and between relevant jurisdictions; and handle particular regulated substances. Our permits, registrations and licenses may be subject to modification or revocation by the issuing authority and, in some jurisdictions, are subject to periodic renewal. Permit issuance or renewal may also be subject to public participation. Various international laws and regulations related to data privacy and the protection of confidential information also apply to Stericycle’s RWCS and SID services, including HIPAA and the CCPA in the U.S. and the GDPR in Europe. In addition, international regulations governing ethical business practices apply to our business including, but not limited to, the FCPA, the U.K. Bribery Act and the Brazilian Clean Companies Act. These laws may apply to our business on both a global and local basis and ban unethical behavior such as the payment of bribes to government officials for the purpose of gaining an improper business advantage, improper maintenance of our books and records, as well as other financial transparency requirements. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 14 14 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART I Environmental Protection Our business is subject to extensive and evolving environmental regulations in the geographies in which we operate. Generally, the environmental laws that we are subject to regulate the handling, transportation, treatment and disposal of waste, the release or potential release of hazardous substances into the environment, the discharge of pollutants into waterways and the emission of pollutants into the air. The principal environmental laws that govern our operations in the U.S. are the federal Clean Air Act and Clean Water Act, in addition to state laws and regulations governing regulated waste. Examples of environmental laws applicable to our international operations include the Waste Framework Directive, Environmental Liabilities Directive, Industrial Emissions Directive and the Shipments of Waste Regulations in the EU, Lei 12.305/2010 (Lei Ordinária) Institui A Política Nacional De Resíduos Sólidos in Brazil and the Canadian Environmental Protection Act and related regulations in Canada. Climate and Sustainability Consistent with our Company’s commitment to sustainability and environmental protection, we have published our 2022 Corporate Social Responsibility Report (CSRR), providing details on our environmental, social and governance (ESG) performance. The information in this report can be found at https://investors.stericycle.com but it does not constitute a part of, and is not incorporated by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Employee Health and Welfare We are subject to numerous regulations promulgated to protect and promote employee health and welfare through the implementation and enforcement of standards designed to prevent illness, injury and death in the workplace. The primary U.S. federal laws relating to employee health and welfare applicable to our business are overseen by OSHA, which establishes specific employer responsibilities including implementing engineering controls, administrative controls, training, policies and programs to comply with the regulations, and recordkeeping and reporting, all to ensure a safe workplace. Various OSHA standards apply to almost all aspects of our operations and govern such matters as exposure to bloodborne pathogens, hazard communication, and PPE. Examples of employee health and welfare laws applicable to our international operations include the European Framework Directive on Safety and Health at Work (Directive 89/391 EEC) and various provisions of the Canada Labour Code and related occupational safety and health regulations in the provinces and territories of Canada. Transportation Various laws regulating the transportation of waste and other potentially hazardous materials also apply to the services we provide. In the U.S., the DOT has established regulations which deal with two different aspects of transportation: hazardous materials transport and safety in transportation. These regulations are defined within the PHMSA and the FMCSA. We are regularly subject to roadside inspections. These inspections have a cumulative effect on our compliance history and require us to remain in good standing so as not to jeopardize our permits. Examples of transportation laws applicable to our international operations include the Directive on the Inland Transportation of Dangerous Goods in the EU, and the Transport of Dangerous Goods Act, and related regulations in Canada, and globally the International Maritime Dangerous Goods Code, and the IATA Dangerous Goods Regulations. Controlled Substances Our service offerings for the treatment and disposal of controlled substance pharmaceutical waste, from both the healthcare industry and individual consumers, are subject to numerous laws and regulations governed by various regulatory agencies, including the DEA. These regulations typically require facilities to obtain licenses or registrations, and meet other certain obligations for approval to collect, transport, treat and dispose of pharmaceutical waste containing controlled substances. These regulations can have very prescriptive requirements for security, recordkeeping and reporting. Like other regulatory schemes, registrations/licenses must be kept current, and facilities may be subject to inspection or enforcement. U.S. and Foreign Local Regulation for Waste Management We conduct business in all 50 U.S. States and Puerto Rico. Because the U.S. EPA does not promulgate regulations for regulated medical waste at a national level, each state has its own regulations related to the handling, treatment and storage of regulated medical waste. Many states have followed requirements similar to the Medical Waste Tracking Act of 1988 or have placed regulated waste regulations under solid waste regulations. Regulated Garbage (i.e., international food waste) is another waste stream that is subject to unique regulatory requirements that are 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 15 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 15 Table of Contents PART I promulgated and enforced by the USDA and U.S. Customs and Border Protection. The USDA typically inspects our facilities receiving Regulated Garbage waste on a quarterly basis. In each state where we operate a processing facility or a transfer station, we are required to comply with varying state and local laws and regulations which may also require a specific operating plan. In addition, many local governments have ordinances and regulations, such as zoning or wastewater regulations, that affect our operations. Similarly, our international operations are subject to regulations enacted and enforced at the provincial, municipal, and local levels of government in addition to the national regulations with which we must comply. Insurance and Self-Insurance The regulated waste industry involves potentially significant risks of statutory, contractual, tort and common law liability claims. Potential liability claims could involve, for example: cleanup costs, personal injury, damage to the environment, employee matters, property damage including fleet vehicles, or alleged negligence or professional errors or omissions in the planning or performance of work. We also could be subject to fines or penalties in connection with violations of regulatory requirements. We carry several insurance coverages including property, workers compensation, general liability, employer’s liability, pollution liability, privacy and security liability, cyber-liability, directors and officers and miscellaneous professional services errors and omissions coverages. We also carry umbrella policies that cover general liability, automobile and employers' liability. We regularly evaluate other lines of coverage to respond to specific business needs but consider our current insurance coverage to be sufficient to meet regulatory as well as customer requirements and to protect our employees, assets and operations. Patents, Trademarks and Proprietary Rights Stericycle holds a number of patents or applications in the U.S., Canada, the U.K., Europe and Australia for technologies related to its business, including our patented innovation, SMS Revolution, which modernizes our processing of sharps, and innovations for the recovery of reusable medical devices in a sharps container, various waste container assemblies, a lockable mounting bracket for use with a waste container assembly, and a three-stage shredder. We own federal registrations for a number of trademarks/service marks including Stericycle®, Shred-it®, We Protect What Matters®, SafeShield®, Steri-Safe®, SafeDrop®, Artech®, Community Shred-it®, Making Sure it’s Secure®, Virtual Compliance Partner®, the Stericycle logo service mark consisting of a nine-circle design and the Shred-it logo. We also hold international registrations for Stericycle and the Stericycle and Shred-it logos, among others. Information about Our Executive Officers The following table contains certain information regarding our nine current executive officers: Name Cindy J. Miller Janet H. Zelenka S. Cory White Kurt M. Rogers Joseph A. Reuter Dominic Culotta Michael S. Weisman Rich M. Moore Daniel V. Ginnetti Position President and Chief Executive Officer Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Chief Information Officer Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer Executive Vice President and General Counsel Executive Vice President and Chief People Officer Executive Vice President and Chief Transformation Officer Executive Vice President and Chief Ethics and Compliance Officer Executive Vice President of North American Operations Executive Vice President, International Age 60 64 50 51 61 59 64 61 54 Cindy J. Miller has served as a Director since February 2019 and became Stericycle's President and Chief Executive Officer in May 2019 after serving as President and Chief Operating Officer since October 2018. Prior to 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 16 16 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART I Stericycle, Ms. Miller served as President, Global Freight Forwarding for United Parcel Service (UPS). Ms. Miller had a 30-year career with UPS, starting as a driver and progressing to district manager for operating regions in the United States and then managing director for regions in Europe, the Middle East, and Africa before becoming President of the European region. Ms. Miller received a bachelor's degree from Pennsylvania State University and completed the Senior Executive Leadership Programme from the London School of Business. Janet H. Zelenka was named Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in June 2019. She assumed the additional duties and responsibilities of Chief Information Officer in June 2020. Before joining Stericycle, she spent 15 years with Essendant, Inc., most recently serving as Chief Financial Officer until the company’s acquisition by Sycamore Partners. While at Essendant, she also served in the roles of Chief Information Officer and Senior Vice President of Business Integration during a transformational period for the company, and held leadership positions in finance, analytics, audit, and pricing. Prior to Essendant, she spent 16 years at SBC/Ameritech (AT&T) in a range of IT, financial, and operational roles. Ms. Zelenka has a bachelor’s degree from Rockford University and a master of business administration from Northern Illinois University. S. Cory White joined Stericycle in April 2019 as Executive Vice President of Communication and Related Services (CRS) and was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer in October 2019. In this role Mr. White has oversight of all global commercial activity including sales, account management, sales operations, customer experience, marketing, product innovation, and strategy. Mr. White previously served as the Global Chief Commercial Officer for Startek, Inc. for nearly three years and as Vice President, Healthcare and Government Vertical Leader, with Convergys, Inc. for six years. Prior to those roles, he spent 11 years with ACS Healthcare, a Xerox Company, in a variety of sales and operational roles including Senior Vice President of ACS Healthcare Payment Integrity Solutions. Mr. White has a bachelor's degree from the University of Kentucky. Kurt M. Rogers joined Stericycle as Executive Vice President and General Counsel in July 2017. Mr. Rogers previously served as Chief Legal Officer and Secretary of Vonage Holdings Corp., a software technology and communications company, for more than seven years. Earlier, Mr. Rogers was a partner with international law firms Bingham McCutchen LLP (now Morgan, Lewis & Bockius LLP) and Latham & Watkins LLP, and as an associate with Rogers & Wells LLP (now Clifford Chance LLP), where he represented clients in litigation, intellectual property and other matters. Mr. Rogers received his bachelor’s degree from Cornell University and his juris doctor degree from Cornell Law School. Joseph A. Reuter joined Stericycle as Executive Vice President and Chief People Officer in January 2019. Mr. Reuter previously served as President, International Human Resources at United Parcel Service (UPS) since April 2016. Prior to that, he served as Vice President of the Europe Region human resources for three years and Vice President of human resources for the Global Freight Forwarding business for one year. He began his career as a parcel service provider and supervisor before moving into the human resources field and supporting UPS operating districts across the U.S. with increasingly larger areas of responsibility. Mr. Reuter received a bachelor’s degree from the University of South Dakota. Dominic Culotta joined Stericycle as Executive Vice President and Chief Engineer in April 2019. He was named Chief Transformation Officer in January 2021. Prior to joining Stericycle, Mr. Culotta spent 35 years with United Parcel Service (UPS), most recently serving six years as Vice President of Engineering for Global Freight Forwarding and eight years as Vice President of Engineering and Operations for UPS' Europe, Middle East and Africa region while living in Brussels, Belgium. In addition to his typical responsibilities in Europe, he spent extensive time integrating major acquisitions into the core business. Prior to his international roles, he had completed various assignments in operations and engineering while relocating multiple times throughout the United States. Mr. Culotta earned a bachelor’s degree in engineering sciences from Loyola College in Baltimore. Michael S. Weisman joined Stericycle as Executive Vice President and Chief Ethics and Compliance Officer in April 2018. Mr. Weisman previously served as Chief Ethics and Compliance Officer for The Kraft Heinz Company, a publicly listed packaged foods company, which he joined through Kraft Foods in July of 2015. Prior to the merger with Heinz Foods, he served as Chief Counsel, Compliance for Kraft Foods from July 2014; as Vice President, Ethics and Compliance for U.S. Foods from February 2013; and as Associate General Counsel, Compliance, at Career Education Corporation from 2010. He was also an associate and partner with the law firm Katten Muchin Rosenman, LLP for more than 10 years, serving as a member of the firm's White Collar Defense, Internal Investigations and Compliance Practice Group. Mr. Weisman received a bachelor’s degree from the University of Illinois and his juris doctor degree from Chicago-Kent College of Law. Rich M. Moore joined Stericycle as Executive Vice President of North American Operations in January 2019. Prior to joining Stericycle, Mr. Moore spent 33 years with UPS, most recently as President of UPS' Illinois District since 2016. Previous experience includes three years as Vice President of European Operations, five years as President 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 17 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 17 Table of Contents PART I of the Northeast District, and three years as President Utah, Idaho, and Southern Nevada plus previous other operations and transportation staff roles. Mr. Moore has a bachelor’s degree from Manhattan College and a master of business administration from National Louis University. Daniel V. Ginnetti became Executive Vice President, International in June 2019 after serving as Stericycle’s Chief Financial Officer for five years. Mr. Ginnetti joined Stericycle as Area Vice President of Finance in 2003. In 2004 he was promoted to Area Vice President of Operations for Stericycle’s Western, and later, Midwestern business units. Following that, he was promoted to Senior Vice President of Operations for the United States and Canada. He returned to financial management in 2013 becoming Senior Vice President of Corporate Finance and then named CFO in June 2014. Prior to joining Stericycle, Mr. Ginnetti held various finance and accounting positions with The Ralph M. Parsons Company, a worldwide engineering firm, and Ryan Herco Products Corp., a national industrial plastics distributor. Mr. Ginnetti has a bachelor’s degree with honors in business economics from the University of California, Santa Barbara. Available Information We maintain an internet website, stericycle.com, which provides a variety of information about the Company and where the Company’s Annual Reports on Form 10-K, Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q, Proxy Statements, Current Reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to those reports are available free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable, following the time they are filed with or furnished to the SEC. We have included our website address throughout this filing as textual references only. The information contained on, or accessible through, our website is not incorporated into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Reports and proxy and information statements that are filed electronically with the SEC are available on the SEC’s website, sec.gov. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 18 18 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART I Item 1A. Risk Factors Risk Factors Our consolidated results of operations, financial position, cash flows and reputation can be adversely affected by various risks. These risks include the principal factors listed below and the other matters set forth in this Form 10-K. There may be additional risks of which we are not presently aware or that we currently believe are immaterial that could have an adverse impact on our business. BUSINESS, STRATEGY AND MARKET RISKS Our business is subject to risks arising from infectious disease outbreaks and pandemics. A significant outbreak, epidemic or pandemic of contagious diseases in any geographic area in which we operate could result in a health crisis adversely affecting the economies, financial markets and overall demand for our services in such areas. Increased needs for regulated waste collection, treatment and disposal can have a positive effect on our business and may increase the demand for our services. However, any preventative or protective actions that governments implement or that we take in response to a health crisis, such as travel restrictions, quarantines, or facility closures, may interfere with the ability of our employees and vendors to perform their responsibilities. Such results could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. The extent to which disease outbreaks, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, mpox (formerly monkeypox), and Ebola virus disease impacts our business, operations and financial results will depend on numerous evolving factors that we may not be able to accurately predict, including: the duration and scope of the outbreak; governmental, business and individuals’ actions, vaccination and quarantine requirements, waste treatment and disposal requirements, economic activity that effects our customers’ demand for our services; our ability to provide our services; the ability of our customers to pay for our services; any closures of our and our customers’ facilities; and the need for enhanced health and hygiene requirements or other measures taken in an attempt to counteract future outbreaks in our or our customers’ facilities. Changing market conditions in the healthcare industry, healthcare consolidation and healthcare reform, could adversely affect our results of operations. Within the U.S. and elsewhere, the healthcare industry is evolving to meet competing demands for increased healthcare coverage of a growing and aging population and economic pressures to reduce healthcare costs. As a result of these dynamics, hospital networks are consolidating physician practices into their networks, independent practices are consolidating together, and healthcare providers are focused on cutting costs within their businesses. These changes exert downward pricing pressure, including the impact of GPO rebates and administrative fees, on services that we provide to healthcare customers, which could adversely affect our results of operations. The consolidation of this customer base also increases the competitive nature of the healthcare waste industry, which could significantly and adversely affect our results. Aggressive pricing by existing competitors and the entrance of new competitors could significantly and adversely affect our results of operations. The industries in which we participate are highly competitive. Some of our competitors may have lower financial expectations, allowing them to reduce their prices to expand sales volume or to win competitively-bid contracts. Some of our competitors may also have large national accounts and/or exclusive waste franchise agreements with municipalities. This competition has required us in the past to reduce our prices to our customers, may require us to reduce our prices in the future or may affect our ability to increase prices in the future. We may also lose customers or be unable to execute our pricing strategy. We may elect to exit or not participate in certain markets or to disengage with low margin customer relationships. Price reductions or our inability to increase prices due to competition or regulation could significantly and adversely affect our results of operations. Some of our larger competitors in the markets that we serve are national companies with substantial resources, or companies funded by private equity firms. In addition to our larger competitors, there are many regional and local companies in the regulated waste and secure information destruction industries. We face direct competition from a large number of small, local competitors. Competition from regional companies is likely to exist in new locations to which we may expand in the future or may limit our ability to extend into those markets at all. We may also face 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 19 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 19 Table of Contents PART I competition from competitors employing new or alternative technologies which may include technologies intended to reduce the carbon emissions attributable to the services offered by the Company and its competitors. For example, competitors may outpace our ability to adopt alternative vehicle technology or alternative technology to treat medical waste. Fluctuations in the commodity market related to the demand and price for recycled paper affects our business, financial condition and results of operations. We sell nearly all of the shredded paper from our secure information destruction business to paper companies and recycled paper brokers. Sorted office paper is marketed as a commodity and is subject to significant demand and price fluctuations beyond our control. Historically, economic and market shifts, fluctuations in capacity and changes in foreign currency exchange rates have created cyclical changes in prices, volume, revenues, and margins for pulp and paper products. The length and magnitude of industry cycles have varied over time and by product, but generally reflect changes in macroeconomic conditions and levels of industry capacity. The overall levels of demand for the pulp and paper products reflect fluctuations in levels of end-user demand, which depend in part on general macroeconomic conditions in North America and worldwide. We have experienced a decline in paper tonnage collected over the past three years which we believe is a reduction in the consumption of paper due to pandemic related impacts, such as a shift to remote work and virtual learning, and it remains unclear what the future long-term impact will be on the paper volume we collect. The market demand for recycled paper can be volatile due to factors beyond our control. Lack of demand for our shredded paper material could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. Unfavorable market conditions, including those driven by economic or social trends, may impact the volume of regulated wastes or personal and confidential information we collect from customers. The compliance-based services we provide rely on the generation of regulated wastes or personal and confidential information by our customers. The volume of material collected from our customers may be impacted by macro-economic trends associated with manufacturing and industrial markets, healthcare market dynamics, and trends associated with an increase in work-from-home arrangements and electronic and digital record keeping. Some of our services are provided on a subscription basis with a monthly fee to minimize short-term or cyclical variability associated with these factors. However, most of our services are provided on a transactional basis, and long-term trends resulting from these factors could reduce the demand for our services, whether we provide them on a subscription or transactional basis. OPERATIONAL RISKS We are subject to legislation and extensive governmental regulation, which is frequently difficult, expensive, and time-consuming with which to comply; noncompliance could adversely affect our operations and efforts to grow our business results. The regulated waste management and secure information destruction industries are subject to extensive federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to the collection, transportation, packaging, labeling, handling, documentation, reporting, treatment and disposal of regulated waste and the proper handling and protection of personal and confidential information. Our business requires us to obtain many permits, authorizations, approvals, certificates, and other types of governmental permissions and to comply with various regulations in every jurisdiction in which we operate. Federal, state and local laws and regulations change often, and new requirements are frequently adopted. Changes in applicable laws and regulations could require us to obtain new permits or to change the way in which we operate our business. We might be unable to obtain or maintain the permits that we require, and/or the cost of compliance with new or changed regulations could be significant. Many of the permits that we require, especially those to build and operate waste processing plants and transfer facilities, are difficult and time-consuming to obtain and they may not be issued as quickly as we need them or be issued at all. For example, permitting availability and timelines may be impacted by emerging environmental justice regulation aimed at expanding opportunities for public participation in the process, and restricting or prohibiting industrial uses of certain locations. Even where permits are obtained, they may contain conditions or restrictions that limit our ability to operate efficiently. If we cannot obtain the permits, or if they contain unfavorable conditions, it could substantially impair our operations and reduce our revenues and/or profitability. For additional information, please see Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 19 – Legal Proceedings in the Consolidated Financial Statements. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 20 20 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART I If we encounter regulatory compliance issues in the course of operating our businesses, we may experience adverse publicity, which may intensify if such non-compliance results in civil or criminal liability. This adverse publicity may harm our reputation, and result in difficulties in attracting new customers, or retaining existing customers. The level of governmental enforcement of regulated waste and certain other regulations has an uncertain effect on our business and could reduce the demand for our services. We believe that strict enforcement of laws and regulations relating to regulated waste collection, treatment and disposal and the handling and protection of personal and confidential information, can have a positive effect on our business, as these laws and regulations may increase the demand for our services. Relaxation of enforcement, government shutdowns, or other changes in governmental regulation of regulated waste and personal and confidential information could increase the number of competitors we face or reduce or delay the need for our services. Complications with the implementation of our ERP and system modernization could adversely impact our business and operations. We rely on information systems and technology to manage our business and summarize operating results. We are in the process of an ERP and system modernization, which will replace most of our existing operating and financial systems. The ERP system is designed to accurately maintain the Company’s financial records, enhance operational functionality and provide timely information to the Company’s management team related to the operation of our business. The ERP and system modernization process has required, and will continue to require, the investment of significant personnel and financial resources. We may not be able to successfully complete the ERP and system modernization without experiencing increased costs and other difficulties and our planned timeline to implement the remaining phases of our ERP and system modernization may be delayed. If we are unable to successfully implement our ERP and system modernization as planned, our business, results of operations, and financial condition could be negatively impacted. The SID North America ERP deployment impacted earnings in the third quarter of 2021 and the timing of billing and collections also impacted bad debt reserves in 2021 and 2022. These impacts were due to typical ERP start-up challenges, which included team members learning new processes and technology across every aspect of the business and onboarding and tuning the flow of data elements through the system. To the extent we experience billing and collections challenges, higher levels of bad debt expense may result. Additionally, if we do not effectively implement the ERP and system modernization as planned or the ERP and system modernization do not operate as intended, the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting could be adversely affected or our ability to adequately assess and operate those controls could be delayed. Cyber incidents or malicious attacks on our information technology systems could damage our reputation, negatively impact our businesses and expose us to litigation risk. We use computers in substantially all aspects of our business operations. We also use mobile devices, social networking and other online activities to connect with our team members and our customers. We rely heavily on various proprietary and third-party information systems. Our reputation for the secure handling of customer and other sensitive information is critical to the success of our business. Like other large, multi-national corporations, we are potentially subject to a range of cyber incidents, including but not limited to state-sponsored cyber-attacks, industrial espionage, insider threats, computer denial-of-service attacks, computer viruses, ransomware and other malware, data leakage and compromise, wire fraud, phishing incidents and other cyber incidents. In any cyber incident that we may experience, our ability to detect an incident, incident response capabilities, business continuity procedures and disaster recovery planning may not be entirely effective as our information technology and network infrastructure may still be vulnerable to attacks by hackers or breaches due to employee error, malfeasance, computer viruses, power outages, natural disasters, acts of terrorism, breaches with respect to third-party systems or vendors or other disruptions. A cybersecurity incident and breach of our information systems could lead to theft, destruction, loss of life, damage to property, environmental issues, misappropriation or release of sensitive and/or confidential information or intellectual property, which could result in business disruption, negative publicity, violation of privacy laws, loss of customers, brand damage, adverse financial and operational results, and potential litigation. Although we maintain insurance coverage for various cybersecurity risks, there is no guarantee that all costs or losses incurred will be fully insured. Our management depends on relevant and reliable information for decision-making purposes, including key performance indicators and financial reporting. Any significant loss of data, failure to maintain reliable data, 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 21 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 21 Table of Contents PART I disruptions affecting our information systems, or delays or difficulties in transitioning to new systems could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. In addition, our ability to continue to operate our businesses without significant interruption in the event of a disaster or other disruption depends in part on the ability of our information systems to operate in accordance with our disaster recovery and business continuity plans. If our information systems fail and our redundant systems or disaster recovery plans are not adequate to address such failures, or if our business interruption insurance does not sufficiently compensate us for any losses that we may incur, our revenues and profits could be reduced and the reputation of our brands and our business could be adversely affected. In addition, remediation of such problems could result in significant, unplanned capital investments. The handling of secure information for destruction exposes us to potential data security risks that could result in monetary damages against us and could otherwise damage our reputation, and adversely affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. The protection of customer, employee, and company data is critical to our business. The regulatory environment in the regions in which we operate regarding information security and privacy is increasingly demanding, with the frequent imposition of new and regularly changing requirements. Certain legislation, including FACTA, HIPAA, the Economic Espionage Act in the U.S., the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act in Canada and the GDPR in the U.K. and EU, require documents to be securely destroyed to avoid identity theft and inadvertent disclosure of confidential and sensitive information. A significant breach of customer, employee, or other company data could attract a substantial amount of media attention, damage our customer relationships and reputation, and result in lost revenues, fines, or lawsuits. In addition, an increasing number of countries and states in the U.S. have introduced and/or increased enforcement of comprehensive privacy laws or are expected to do so. The continued emphasis on information security as well as increasing concerns about government surveillance may lead customers to request us to take additional measures to enhance security and/or assume higher liability under our contracts. As a result of legislative initiatives and customer demands, we may have to modify our operations to further improve data security. Any such modifications may result in increased expenses and operational complexity, and adversely affect our reputation, business, financial condition and results of operations. Increases in transportation costs and technological transitions may adversely affect our business and reduce our earnings. We maintain an extensive transportation network and fleet of vehicles. A significant increase in market prices for trucks or fuel could adversely affect our business through higher transportation costs and reduce our operating margins and reported earnings. Vehicle and parts shortages due to a reduction in the availability of raw materials, supply chain challenges, and manufacturing delays are expected to continue to drive higher prices for vehicles, parts and supplies. In addition, any increases in the prices of fossil fuels are expected to put pressure on our fuel expense, as well as parts and supplies derived from fossil fuels, such as engine oil, diesel exhaust fluid, tires and other rubber and plastic parts. As an operator of an extensive fleet of vehicles, most of which are heavy-duty trucks that utilize fossil fuels, we are potentially impacted by emerging regulation that could require the transition to different engine technologies, such as electric powered vehicles. Depending upon the scope and pace of such regulations, we may need to direct future capital investments toward alternative fuel and zero emission fleet assets to meet accelerated transition timelines. Our operational processes could be impacted and we could experience increases to our operational costs as well as increased expenditures to acquire the vehicles and infrastructure. Risks from our International operations could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. We have established operations in the U.S. and 16 other countries. Foreign operations carry specific risks including: (i) exchange rate and interest rate fluctuations; (ii) substantial inflation in certain markets; (iii) dependence in certain markets on government entities as customers; (iv) delays in the collection of accounts receivable related to certain government funding practices; (v) government controls; (vi) import and export license requirements; (vii) political or economic instability, social unrest, and public safety and security; (viii) changes in or compliance with U.S., local or other applicable laws and regulations, including laws and regulations concerning anti-corruption, anti-bribery (i.e. FCPA, U.K. Bribery Act and similar laws), global trade, trade sanctions, competition, privacy and data protection; (ix) trade restrictions; (x) changes in tariffs and taxes; (xi) tax and foreign investment policies; (xii) industry or macro-economic trends; (xiii) permitting and regulatory standards; (xiv) differences in local laws, regulations, practices, and business customs; (xv) restrictions on repatriating foreign profits back to the U.S. or movement of funds to other 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 22 22 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART I countries; (xvi) difficulties in staffing and managing international operations; (xvii) increases and volatility in labor costs; (xviii) property ownership restrictions in certain countries; and (xix) emerging trends or regulations related to reducing the impact of climate change. Any of the foregoing or other factors associated with doing business abroad could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. LEGAL, REGULATORY, AND COMPLIANCE RISKS We face continuing risks relating to compliance with the FCPA and other anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws. On June 12, 2017, the SEC issued a subpoena to us, requesting documents and information relating to our compliance with the FCPA or other foreign or domestic anti-corruption laws with respect to certain of our operations in Latin America. In addition, the DOJ notified us that it was investigating this matter in parallel with the SEC. We have cooperated with these agencies and certain foreign authorities. As previously disclosed, we entered into settlement agreements with the SEC, DOJ, and with the Brazilian Controladoria-Geral da Uniao (CGU) and Advocacia-Geral da Uniao (Attorney General Office) with respect to the foregoing matters. Settlement discussions with an additional Brazilian authority are ongoing and with whom there is no certainty that we will be able to reach a final settlement. As a result of the foregoing, we recorded an aggregate accrued liability for these matters of $90.0 million as of March 31, 2022. Under the settlements with the DOJ and SEC, we have engaged an independent compliance monitor for a period of two years and will undertake compliance with self-reporting obligations for an additional year. Other matters which may arise or of which we become aware in the future may be deemed to violate the FCPA and other anti-corruption and anti-bribery laws. Such determinations could subject us to, among other things, enforcement actions by the SEC or the DOJ or other regulatory bodies, fines, penalties, oversight by an independent compliance monitor and/or self-reporting obligations, litigation, or orders of suspension or debarment, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations. See Part II, Item 8 Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 19 – Legal Proceedings in the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding currently pending legal proceedings. We are subject to a number of pending lawsuits. We are a defendant in a number of pending lawsuits and may be named as a defendant in future lawsuits. These current and future matters may result in significant liabilities and diversion of our management’s time, attention, and resources. Given the uncertain nature of litigation generally, we are not able in all cases to estimate the amount or range of loss that could result from an unfavorable outcome in these matters. In view of these uncertainties, the outcome of these matters may result in charges in excess of any established reserves and, to the extent available, liability insurance. Protracted litigation, including any adverse outcomes, may have an adverse impact on our reputation, business, financial condition or results of operations. In addition, any significant judgment or settlement amount may require us to incur additional indebtedness, adversely affect our liquidity and ability to service our indebtedness, or require us to restructure or amend the terms of our indebtedness. See Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 19 – Legal Proceedings in the Consolidated Financial Statements for more information regarding currently pending legal proceedings. We are subject to extensive government imposed requirements; noncompliance could result in significant liabilities. Our operations are subject to extensive federal, state and local laws and regulations. The consequences of failure to comply with government-imposed regulations and other requirements can impact our ability to service our customers, and thus our operational results. Compliance with government regulations can also be costly, which impacts our overall financial condition. In the ordinary course of business we are routinely involved in various government enforcement proceedings, private lawsuits and other disputes alleging non-compliance with applicable regulation. Such matters can result in permit revocations or denials, civil penalties or other obligations that may require significant expenditures. Due to the nature of regulated waste services, we face risk associated with potential regulation of emerging contaminants that may have been present in materials historically collected for treatment and disposal. Further, there is risk of incurring significant environmental cleanup liabilities that arise due to our current operations, pre-existing conditions at the locations where we operate, and/or successor or predecessor liability associated with our portfolio optimization strategy. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 23 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 23 Table of Contents PART I Tax interpretations and changes in tax regulations and legislation could adversely affect us. Tax interpretations, regulations and legislation in the various jurisdictions in which we operate are subject to measurement uncertainty and the interpretations can impact net income, income tax expense or recovery, and deferred income tax assets or liabilities. Tax rules and regulations, including those relating to foreign jurisdictions, are subject to interpretation and require judgment by us that may be challenged by the applicable taxation authorities upon audit. Furthermore, as a result of portfolio optimization efforts through which we may acquire new assets or businesses, sell existing assets or businesses, or exit particular markets, there may exist tax rules, regulations, or other matters that may be the focus of examination and challenge by applicable taxation authorities. Similarly, we may periodically restructure our legal entities and if taxing authorities were to disagree with our tax positions in connection with any such restructurings, our effective tax rate could be materially affected. In connection with such portfolio optimization, we could also incur additional charges associated with consulting fees and other charges. Due to the recent pandemic and resulting government fiscal policy, legislatures and taxing authorities in various jurisdictions in which we operate may propose changes to their tax rules. These changes could include modifications that have temporary effect, and more permanent changes. The impact of these potential new rules on us, our long-term tax planning, and our effective tax rate could be significant. Although we believe our assumptions, judgments and estimates are reasonable, changes in tax laws or our interpretation of tax laws and the resolution of any tax audits could significantly impact the amounts provided for income taxes in our Consolidated Financial Statements. We have accumulated NOLs arising from our operations and foreign and domestic acquisitions of approximately $223.6 million as of December 31, 2022. We have recognized valuation allowances to reduce these amounts to our current estimate for NOLs that will be recoverable against future taxable income prior to their expiration in accordance with the appropriate tax regulations. If our estimates change or we do not generate sufficient taxable income prior to the expiration of these NOLs, we may have to record additional valuation allowances resulting in higher income tax expense. For additional information, please see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 10 – Income Taxes. Requirements of governments, customers and investors for net carbon zero emissions strategies, and the introduction of regulations restricting emissions of “greenhouse gases” aimed to limit climate change, could negatively impact our costs to operate. Around the world, there are a wide range of legislative and regulatory efforts at the state, provincial, regional and federal levels focused on reducing greenhouse gas emission and minimizing the impact of climate change. These emerging legislative and regulatory efforts include, among other things, initiatives to reduce the use of fossil fuels, single use plastics, and waste volumes sent to landfills. We actively monitor the regulatory landscape and the potential impacts to our operations of such efforts. These evolving regulations and expectations could also affect certain management estimates, including long-lived asset useful lives and asset retirement obligations, which could adversely impact results of operations. We monitor emerging climate-related regulations potentially impacting the Company on an ongoing basis. Such emerging regulations are reviewed to assess the likelihood of occurrence, potential business implications, and the potential for financial impact. Specifically, the Company is monitoring regulations related to required emissions reporting, country mandates applied to industries that are related to carbon emissions reductions (for example, the U.K.’s sixth Carbon Budget, which expands the scope of industries covered by the U.K.’s carbon emission reduction goals), and regulations that limit the purchase or use of fossil fuel powered vehicles (for example, California’s ban on the sale of gasoline-powered passenger vehicles by 2035 and the announced end of the sale of new gasoline and diesel cars in the U.K. by 2030). The Company continues to engage with customers to better understand their current approach and future strategies in response to climate- related regulation and business trends. The engagement includes understanding their goals associated with climate change and environmental sustainability, how the Company may be able to support their goals, and their perceptions of the Company’s performance regarding climate change related initiatives and risk management. Certain of the Company’s customers have established, or are in the process of establishing, goals for their organizations to be carbon neutral or reduce waste levels, especially wastes that go to landfills, and have extended such goals to their key vendors and business partners. For example, the National Health System (“NHS”) in the U.K. established a goal for its suppliers to be net zero by 2045, and, in August 2022, introduced standard contract clauses relating to supplier sustainability which include incremental requirements such as undertaking ‘evergreen supplier’ assessments and the appointments by suppliers of ‘net zero champions’. This increased focus 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 24 24 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART I by customers on minimizing climate change impacts may require the Company to invest in incremental and higher-cost technologies for more efficient waste processing, collection services through our fleet of vehicles, or other operational impacts. The increased focus on minimizing climate change from regulatory bodies, customers, and investors may impact our revenues as well as our cost of operations in the future. Our amended and restated bylaws provide that the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the exclusive forum for substantially all disputes between us and our stockholders, which could limit our stockholders' ability to obtain a favorable judicial forum for disputes with us or our directors, officers or employees. Our amended and restated bylaws, which were adopted in December 2022, provide that, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware is the exclusive forum for any derivative action or proceeding brought on our behalf, any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty, any action asserting a claim against us arising pursuant to the Delaware General Corporation Law or any action asserting a claim against us that is governed by the internal affairs doctrine. The exclusive forum provision does not apply to suits brought to enforce any liability or duty created by the Exchange Act or any other claim for which the federal courts have exclusive jurisdiction. Our amended and restated bylaws also provide that the U.S. federal district courts are the exclusive forum for the resolution of any complaint asserting a cause of action arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”). Any person or entity purchasing or otherwise acquiring any interest in any security of the Company shall be deemed to have notice of and consented to the provisions of our amended and restated bylaws described above. Under the Securities Act, federal and state courts have concurrent jurisdiction over all suits brought to enforce any duty or liability created by the Securities Act, and investors cannot waive compliance with the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder. Accordingly, there is uncertainty as to whether a court would enforce such a forum selection provision as written in connection with claims arising under the Securities Act. We believe these provisions may benefit us by providing increased consistency in the application of Delaware law and federal securities laws by chancellors and judges, as applicable, particularly experienced in resolving corporate disputes, efficient administration of cases on a more expedited schedule relative to other forums and protection against the burdens of multi-forum litigation. However, these provisions may have the effect of discouraging lawsuits against our directors, officers, employees and agents, as it may limit any stockholder’s ability to bring a claim in a judicial forum that such stockholder finds favorable for disputes with us or our directors, officers, employees or agents. Alternatively, if a court were to find the choice of forum provision contained in our amended and restated bylaws to be inapplicable or unenforceable in an action, we may incur additional costs associated with resolving such action in other jurisdictions, which could harm our business, financial condition and results of operations. FINANCIAL AND CONTROL RISKS We may incur significant charges as a result of portfolio optimization; portfolio optimization may not achieve the desired results. We continue to evaluate the performance of our portfolio of assets and businesses. Based on this evaluation, we may acquire new assets or businesses and may sell certain existing assets or businesses or exit particular markets. Acquisitions and divestitures may not yield the targeted improvements in our business. Divestitures involve risks, including difficulties in the separation of operations, services, products and personnel, disruption in our operations or businesses, finding a suitable purchaser, the diversion of management’s attention from our other businesses, the potential loss of key team members, the erosion of employee morale or customer confidence, and the retention of contingent liabilities, including pursuant to indemnification provisions related to the divested business. Any charges, including those arising from indemnification provisions, that we are required to record or the failure to achieve the intended financial results associated with divestitures of businesses or assets could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition or results of operations. Any impairments and losses on divestiture resulting from this process may cause us to record significant charges, including those related to goodwill, other intangible assets, and accumulated currency translation adjustment losses. See Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 4 – Restructuring, Divestitures, and Asset Impairments in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Acquisitions also involve certain risks, including our ability to realize operating efficiencies, synergies and other benefits expected from an acquisition, diversion of management’s time and attention from other business concerns, difficulties in retaining key employees, customers and suppliers of the acquired business, difficulties in maintaining uniform standards, controls, policies and procedures throughout acquired companies, and adverse effects on existing business relationships with customers and suppliers. We may also face liability with respect to 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 25 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 25 Table of Contents PART I acquired businesses for violations of environmental laws occurring prior to the date of acquisition, and some or all of these liabilities may not be covered by environmental insurance secured to mitigate the risk or by indemnification from the sellers from which we acquired these businesses. See Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 3 – Acquisition in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Restrictions in our Credit Agreement and our Senior Notes could adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations, ability to make distributions and the value of our securities. Our Credit Agreement contains customary affirmative covenants, including, among others, covenants pertaining to the delivery of financial statements; certain financial covenants; notices of default and certain other material events; payment of obligations; preservation of corporate existence, rights, privileges, permits, licenses, franchises and intellectual property; maintenance of property and insurance and compliance with laws, as well as customary negative covenants, including, among others, limitations on the incurrence of liens, investments and indebtedness; mergers and certain other fundamental changes; dispositions of assets; restricted payments; changes in our line of business; transactions with affiliates and burdensome agreements. Our credit agreement also includes a springing maturity provision whereby it springs to maturity 91 days prior to the maturity of the Senior Notes. These covenants could affect our ability to operate our business, increase the amount of interest expense we ultimately pay pursuant to the Credit Agreement, and may limit our ability to take advantage of potential business opportunities as they arise. Our Senior Notes also contain certain covenants that could have a similar effect on our ability to operate our business. See Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 9 – Debt in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Our ability to comply with the covenants and restrictions contained in our Credit Agreement, along with certain of the covenants and restrictions contained in our Senior Notes, may be affected by events beyond our control, including prevailing economic, financial, and industry conditions. If market or other economic conditions deteriorate, our ability to comply with these covenants may be impaired. A failure to comply with these provisions could result in a default or an event of default. Upon an event of default, unless waived, the lenders could elect to terminate their commitments, cease making further loans, require cash collateralization of letters of credit, cause their loans to become due and payable in full, foreclose against any assets securing the debt under our Credit Agreement and force us and our subsidiaries into bankruptcy or liquidation. If the payment of our debt is accelerated, our assets may be insufficient to repay such debt in full, and the holders of our stock could experience a partial or total loss of their investment. See Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Liquidity and Capital Resources. Servicing debt and funding other obligations requires a significant amount of cash, and our ability to generate sufficient cash depends on many factors, some of which are beyond our control. Our ability to make payments on and refinance our indebtedness and to fund our operations and capital expenditures depends on our ability to generate cash flow and secure financing in the future. Our ability to generate future cash flow depends, among other things, on future operating performance, general economic conditions, competition, and litigation, legislative and regulatory factors affecting our operations and business. Some of these factors are beyond our control. There is no assurance that our business will generate cash flow from operations or that future debt or equity financings will be available to us to enable us to pay our indebtedness or to fund other needs. As a result, we may need to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness on or before maturity. There is no assurance that we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness on favorable terms, or at all. Any inability to generate sufficient cash flow or refinance our indebtedness on favorable terms could have an adverse effect on our financial condition. Potential for rising interest rates. The financial markets may experience an increase in interest rates as the U.S. Federal Reserve raises interest rates in an effort to curb inflation. Although most of our outstanding debt is at fixed interest rates, an increase in rates would impact our variable rate debt. Rising interest rates may also lead to higher rates in the event we refinance our outstanding fixed rate debt thereby resulting in an overall increase in interest expense. The amount of our indebtedness could adversely affect our business. As of December 31, 2022, we had a total of $1.52 billion of outstanding indebtedness, including long-term debt and short-term debt and excluding unamortized debt issuance costs. We also have the ability to incur additional indebtedness subject to our financial covenants. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 26 26 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART I Our outstanding indebtedness could have adverse consequences on our business, including the following: (i) we may be required to dedicate a substantial portion of our available cash to payments of principal and interest on our indebtedness, (ii) our ability to access credit markets on terms we deem acceptable may be impaired, and (iii) we may be limited in our flexibility to adjust to changing market conditions. If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal controls over financial reporting, including increased risk associated with our ERP and system modernization, we may not be able to report our financial results timely and accurately or prevent fraud, which could adversely affect investor confidence in our company, our results of operations and our stock price. Internal controls related to the operation of technology systems are critical to maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. We are implementing remedial measures and new systems and there can be no assurance that our efforts will be successful. These measures will result in additional technology and other expenses. If we are unable to maintain effective internal control over financial reporting or disclosure controls and procedures, our ability to record, process and report financial information accurately, and to prepare financial statements within required time periods, could be adversely affected, which could subject us to litigation or investigations requiring management resources and payment of legal and other expenses, negatively affect investor confidence in our financial statements and adversely impact our stock price. Market conditions could adversely change and our earnings could decline resulting in charges to impair intangible assets, such as goodwill. As a result of our various acquisitions, the Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2022, contains goodwill of $2.78 billion and other intangible assets, net of $811.1 million. We evaluate on an ongoing basis whether facts and circumstances indicate any impairment to the carrying value of indefinite-lived intangible assets such as goodwill. As circumstances after an acquisition can change, we may not realize the value of these intangible assets. Historically, we have recognized non-cash impairment charges related to our reporting units. Although there were zero intangible asset impairments in 2022, during 2021 and 2020, we recognized non-cash impairment charges of $4.6 million, and $11.1 million, respectively, of operating permits, tradenames, and customer relationships. We recognized these impairments due to a reduction of forecasted future cash flows in each reporting unit, as discussed in the Impairment section of Part II, Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 7 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. The recognition of any potential future impairments could have a material adverse impact on our results of operations. Our participation in multi-employer pension plans may subject us to liabilities that could materially adversely affect our liquidity, cash flows and results of operations. We participate in multi-employer pension plans administered by employer and union trustees. To the extent that those plans are underfunded, ERISA may subject us to substantial liabilities in the event we, whether partially or totally, cease to have obligations to contribute to the plans. Under current law regarding multi-employer defined benefit plans, circumstances such as a plan's termination, an employer's partial or complete withdrawal from, or the mass withdrawal of all contributing employers from, an underfunded multi-employer defined benefit plan can trigger our obligation to make payments to the plan for our proportionate share of the multi-employer plan's unfunded vested liabilities. Furthermore, the Pension Protection Act added new funding rules generally applicable to plan years beginning after 2007 for multi-employer plans that are classified as "endangered", "seriously endangered", or "critical" status. If plans in which we participate are in critical status or underfunded, we could be required to make additional contributions. Based upon the information available to us from plan administrators as of March 30, 2022, one of the multi-employer pension plans in which we participate is underfunded. The Pension Protection Act requires that underfunded pension plans improve their funding ratios within prescribed intervals based on the level of their underfunding. We have been notified that one plan is in "critical" status and this plan may require additional contributions. The amount of additional funds we may be obligated to contribute in the future cannot be estimated, as such amounts will be based on future levels of employee work that require the specific use of the union team members covered by these plans, investment returns and the level of underfunding of such plans. Additional funding could adversely affect our liquidity, cash flows, and results of operations. For more information, see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 13 – Retirement and Other Employee Benefit Programs in the Consolidated Financial Statements. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 27 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 27 Table of Contents PART I Some of our customers have suffered or may suffer financial difficulties affecting their credit risk, which could negatively impact our operating results. We provide service to a number of customers, including governmental entities and municipalities, some of which have suffered or may suffer significant financial difficulties. Some of these entities could be unable to pay amounts owed to us, resulting in increased bad debt expense, or renew contracts with us at previous or increased rates. The inability of our customers to pay us in a timely manner or to pay increased prices could negatively affect our operating results. RISKS RELATED TO HUMAN CAPITAL A change or deterioration in our relations with our team members or an increase in labor and employment costs could have a materially adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. Labor and employment is one of our highest costs and increases in employment costs could materially affect our cost structure and our profitability. We compete with other businesses in our markets for qualified team members and the labor supply is sometimes tight in our markets. A shortage of qualified team members or further unionization would require us to incur additional costs related to wages and benefits; inefficiencies in operations; unanticipated costs in sourcing temporary or third-party labor; legal fees and interference with customer relationships. Due primarily to increased demand for truck drivers and competition from other employers, we have experienced difficulties hiring a sufficient number of qualified truck drivers. If this condition persists, it could affect our ability to service our customers and affect our results of operations. As of December 31, 2022, 12% of our total global workforce was covered by collective bargaining agreements. There are 16 collective bargaining agreements in the U.S. and Canada, covering approximately 650 team members, or 6% of our North American workforce. An additional approximate 1,200 team members of the workforce outside of North America are covered by collective bargaining agreements or work councils. Collective Bargaining agreements expire on a scheduled basis depending upon the negotiated length of the contract’s term. Collective bargaining agreement negotiations occur every year depending upon which agreements expire and whether one or both parties seek the modification of terms. There can be no assurance that we will be able to negotiate the terms of future agreements with unions in a manner acceptable to us. There is also no guarantee that current non-union team members will not seek union representation resulting in additional collective bargaining agreements with associated increased costs to us. Potential work disruptions from labor disputes may disrupt our businesses and adversely affect our brand, customer relations, financial condition, and results of operations. The handling, transportation, and treatment of regulated waste carries with it the risk of personal injury to team members and others. Our business requires our team members to handle materials that may be infectious or hazardous to life and property in other ways. While we try to handle such materials with care and in accordance with accepted and safe methods, the possibility of accidents, leaks, and spills (including those caused by natural disasters) always exists. Examples of incidents that may present possible exposure to contaminated or infectious waste or other hazardous materials include truck accidents, damaged or leaking containers, improper storage of regulated waste, placement of prohibited materials into the waste stream, or malfunctioning plant equipment, such as power outages, or ineffective backup systems. Human beings or animals could be injured or sickened or property could be damaged by exposure to regulated waste. This in turn could result in lawsuits in which we are found liable for such injuries, and substantial damages could be awarded against us. While we generally carry liability insurance intended to cover these contingencies, instances may occur that are not insured against or that are inadequately insured against. An uninsured or underinsured loss could be substantial and could impair our profitability and reduce our liquidity. An inability to retain our executive officers or other key personnel or difficulties in recruiting qualified personnel may adversely affect our business. Our future success depends to a significant degree on the skills, experience and efforts of our executive officers and key personnel. The unexpected loss of the services of any of our executive officers could have an adverse effect on 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 28 28 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART I our operations. In addition, like many other route-based businesses, we are being impacted by our industry’s driver and facility team member shortages. We depend on the skills, working relationships, and continued services of key personnel, including our experienced management team. We must hire, train and develop effective drivers and other team members. We compete with other companies both within and outside of our industry for talented personnel. In addition, employee turnover increases our cost of operations and makes it more difficult to operate our business. There can be no assurance that our executive succession planning, retention, or hiring efforts will be successful. Difficulty in replacing or adding personnel could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. GENERAL RISK FACTORS Increasing occurrences of natural disasters or other catastrophic events caused by climate change or otherwise could negatively affect our business, financial condition, and results of operations. Natural disasters such as hurricanes, typhoons or earthquakes could negatively affect our operations and financial performance. Such events could result in physical damage to one or more of our facilities or equipment, the temporary lack of an adequate work force in a market, and the temporary disruption in transportation services which we rely on to deliver waste to our facilities. These events could prevent or delay shipments and reduce both volumes and revenue. Weather conditions and other event driven special projects may also cause variations in our results. We may be required to suspend operations in some of our locations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, and results of operations. While we have protocols in place for operating regions frequently impacted by severe weather changes, continued climate change may require additional protocols, processes, physical equipment, and training to minimize risks to team members, physical property, and operations, which could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and financial condition. Inflationary cost environment and supply chain disruption. During 2021 and 2022, we experienced inflationary cost increases in our underlying expenses, including labor, supply chain related, and other expenses. We may continue to experience inflationary cost increases in labor, commodities, fleet availability, facility and vehicle leases, third party expenditures, plant equipment and construction expenditures, and other expenses. We may not be able to pass all of these cost increases on to our customers. We are also experiencing delays in completing certain capital projects and have additional challenges due to macroeconomic supply chain disruptions. Should these conditions persist, our business, financial condition, results of operations and cash flows could be negatively impacted. Russia’s invasion of Ukraine and the international community’s response have created substantial political and economic disruption, uncertainty and risk. U.S. and global markets are experiencing volatility and disruption following the escalation of geopolitical tensions and the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine. Although the length and impact of the ongoing military conflict is highly unpredictable, the conflict in Ukraine could lead to market disruptions, including significant volatility in commodity prices, credit and capital markets, as well as supply chain interruptions, increased cyber-attacks and social unrest in certain regions in which we operate. Although we do not have operations in Russia or Ukraine, we are continuing to monitor the situation and assessing its potential impact on our business. Potential Recession. There are various indications that the U.S. and other parts of the world may be entering a recessionary period. Although unclear at this time, an economic recession would likely impact the general business environment and the capital markets, which could, in turn, affect the Company. The Company is continuing to monitor these matters and may adjust its current business plans as more information and guidance become available. Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments None. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 29 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 29 Table of Contents PART I Item 2. Properties Information regarding our worldwide properties can be found under Part I, Item 1. Business and is incorporated herein by reference. We believe that our operating properties, vehicles and equipment are adequately maintained and sufficient for our current operations and anticipated future needs; however, we have and will continue to use our planned capital investments to modernize. Item 3. Legal Proceedings Information regarding certain legal proceedings in which we are involved can be found in Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 19 – Legal Proceedings in the Consolidated Financial Statements and is incorporated herein by reference. Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures Not Applicable. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 30 30 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. PART II Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities Our common stock is listed on the Nasdaq Global Select Market under the ticker symbol “SRCL”. There were 78 shareholders of record as of February 17, 2023. We did not declare or pay any cash dividends on our common stock during 2022, 2021, or 2020. Under resolutions that our Board of Directors adopted, we have been authorized to purchase a cumulative total of 24,621,640 shares of our common stock on the open market. As of December 31, 2022, we had purchased a cumulative total of 22,219,146 shares. No common stock purchases were made during 2022, 2021, or 2020. Performance Graph The following graph compares the cumulative total returns of Stericycle, the Nasdaq Global Select Market Composite Index, the S&P Mid Cap 400 Index and the Dow Jones U.S. Waste & Disposal Services Index for the five-year period ended December 31, 2022. The graph assumes that the value for the investment in Stericycle and in each of the indices was $100 on December 31, 2017, and that all dividends were reinvested. The stock price performance of our common stock reflected in the following graph is not necessarily indicative of future performance. Company/Index Stericycle, Inc. Nasdaq Global Select Market Composite Index S&P Mid Cap 400 Index Dow Jones U.S. Waste & Disposal Services Index 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 $ $ $ $ 100.00 $ 100.00 $ 100.00 $ 100.00 $ 53.96 $ 96.12 $ 87.50 $ 98.24 $ 93.85 $ 129.97 $ 108.55 $ 130.50 $ 101.97 $ 186.69 $ 121.36 $ 136.78 $ 87.72 $ 226.63 $ 149.53 $ 188.70 $ 73.38 108.73 127.88 178.21 Item 6. [Reserved] [Reserved] 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 31 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 31 Table of Contents PART II Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations The following discussion of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and related notes in Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data of this 2022 Form 10-K. For further discussion regarding operating and financial data for the year ended December 31, 2021, as compared to the year ended December 31, 2020, refer to Part II, Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2021. Overview Stericycle is a global U.S. based business-to-business services company. We provide an array of highly specialized compliance-based solutions that protect people and brands, promote health and well-being, and safeguard the environment. Since our founding in 1989, we have grown from a small start-up in medical waste management into a leader across a range of increasingly complex and highly regulated arenas, serving healthcare organizations and commercial businesses of every size through Regulated Waste and Compliance Services and Secure Information Destruction Services. Through our family of brands, Stericycle serves customers in the U.S. and 16 other countries worldwide with solutions to safely manage materials that could otherwise spread disease, contaminate the environment, or compromise one’s identity. To our customers, team members and the communities we serve, Stericycle is a company that protects what matters. Our service offerings appeal to a wide range of business customers. Our customers are primarily in the following industries: enterprise healthcare (i.e., hospitals, health systems, and non-affiliate hospitals; national and corporate healthcare), practices and care providers (i.e., physician offices, surgery centers, veterinary clinics, nursing and long-term care facilities, dental clinics, clinics and urgent care, dialysis centers, home health organizations), and pharmacy, lab and research centers. We also provide services to airports and seaports, education institutions, funeral homes and crematories, government and military, banks and professional services, and other businesses. While we manage large volumes of waste and other materials, the average volume per customer site is relatively small. Highlights for the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to the prior year include: • Grew organic revenues 5.9%, driven by increases in RWCS of 1.4% and SID of 16.3% for the year ended December 31, 2022, 1 compared to the prior year; • Improved Income from Operations as a percentage of revenues 300 basis points year-over-year; • Reduced Credit Agreement Defined Debt Leverage Ratio to 3.28X, down 0.33X since December 31, 2021; • Reached agreements with the SEC, the DOJ and Brazilian authorities to resolve the FCPA related investigations into conduct in the Latin America businesses before 2017; and • Continued to execute on our portfolio optimization initiative in the fourth quarter of 2022, with the divestiture of our Communication Solutions operations in North America for proceeds of $45.0 million. 1. See Results of Operations, Revenues for a reconciliation between total U.S. GAAP Revenues and Organic Revenues. For additional information, see Part II, Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 4 – Restructuring, Divestitures, and Asset Impairments, Note 9 – Debt, and Note 19 – Legal Proceedings in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Other Developments and COVID-19 Pandemic During 2022, we have experienced inflationary cost increases in our underlying expenses, including labor and supply-chain and other costs. We continue to demonstrate to our customers the value of the services we provide. One of the strengths of our quality of revenue initiative has been working to create a more flexible pricing model with the necessary levers to adjust to these inflationary cost challenges. We have the following pricing levers: (i) for existing contracts, we have been addressing the standardization of contractual language and building in pricing flexibility, which affords us the opportunity to adjust pricing in several ways at contract anniversary and renewal, (ii) 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 32 32 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II for all new customers and purchasers of our one-time services, we have the ability to adjust our rates at point of contracting, and (iii) for many customers we also have the ability to adjust surcharges and fees that provide inflationary cost protection for commodity and other price volatility (e.g. fuel, recycled paper, and environmental surcharges and a new service cost recovery fee). In March 2020, the World Health Organization declared the COVID-19 virus outbreak a pandemic. The COVID-19 pandemic has had a global economic impact, including temporary closure of non-essential businesses worldwide and postponement of elective surgeries and preventative care. The Company continues to maintain operations within all business service offerings. We are monitoring future implications of the COVID-19 pandemic, including COVID-19 variants, and continue to take actions to manage spending to align to operational requirements. Our COVID-19 pandemic response has included efforts to protect the health and well-being of our workforce and our customers. We worked proactively with the CDC, OSHA, the DOT and regulatory agencies around the world to ensure readiness for proper regulated waste management. Our team demonstrated leadership and commitment to protecting what matters by working with pharmaceutical companies and government agencies to align on standards for secure and compliant COVID-19 vaccination treatment protocols. We have updated and implemented numerous protocols specifically to reduce risk among our front-line team members, and our strategic sourcing team has worked diligently to take measures to provide our field operations employees with appropriate PPE. We’ve implemented more rigorous cleaning protocols for all our facilities. Throughout the pandemic, our front-line workers have continued to meet the needs of our customers. Like many organizations, we too have been impacted by labor shortages and higher absences, certain of which are pandemic related, particularly among driver and operational team members. For example, we were impacted by higher absences related to COVID-variants that surged towards the end of the fourth quarter of 2021 and into the first quarter of 2022. Our work force stabilized throughout the first and second quarters of 2022, as the effects of the Delta and Omicron variants on employee absences subsided. To date, we are addressing our internal needs through three main areas: (1) recruitment, (2) market competitive compensation and benefits, and (3) employee engagement and retention. Although we have been able to maintain near our desired staffing levels through these efforts, and that has enabled us to continue to support our customers, labor shortages have not uniformly impacted our businesses. In certain geographies and facilities, we have experienced more acute labor shortages. Those locations have required additional team member overtime and re-allocation of team members to continue to support our customers. Key Business Priorities In 2022, our five key business priorities were the following: • Quality of revenue – We have been executing against our foundational initiatives we launched to drive revenue quality. These included a formal cross-functional deal review committee, realignment of sales incentive plans, re-organization of our commercial leadership team around our service lines, key customer channels, and implementation of global customer pipeline management processes for both RWCS and SID. Our pricing actions have gained momentum since the first quarter, including our adjustment of surcharges and fees, which provide the most flexible mechanism to help offset inflationary costs by adjusting these surcharges and fees. In combination with our quality of revenue initiatives, we continue to develop and deploy innovative solutions to meet unmet customer needs, strengthen customer engagement, and drive long-term organic growth. • Operational efficiency, modernization and innovation – As we manage through complex times, we remain focused on operational efficiency, modernization, and innovation to control variable and discretionary costs and improve performance and efficiencies in our field operations. Our goal is to optimize our facilities with a strategic and standardized operating model. We are analyzing processing capabilities, plant and transportation equipment needs, team member requirements, potential customer implications or benefits, fleet replacement and route and long-haul network improvements, and SafeShield container rationalization and modernization. • ERP implementation – In the third quarter of 2022, we successfully moved the technical code functionality for RWCS into our North America ERP production environment. Following the completion of this milestone, we launched a pilot at the end of October for RWCS customers in Puerto Rico. This disciplined deployment approach allows us to mitigate risk and test data and functionality before deploying the ERP across all RWCS North America customers and facilities. This follows the deployment of our ERP system for North 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 33 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 33 Table of Contents PART II America’s finance and procurement processes and for North America’s SID business that was deployed in 2021. We commenced activities for the international system modernization in 2022. • Debt reduction and leverage improvement – We expect to reduce our debt and improve our debt leverage ratio through continued focus on operating margin expansion, free cash flow generation, and leveraging divestiture proceeds, if applicable. We have reduced total net debt, as defined in the Credit Agreement (total debt, adding back unamortized debt issuance costs, less cash and cash equivalents), to $1.46 billion at December 31, 2022. As of December 31, 2022, our amended Credit Facility defined Debt Leverage Ratio was 3.28 times compared to 3.61 times as of December 31, 2021. • Portfolio optimization – We expect to continue evaluating opportunities to further optimize our portfolio through a combination of asset rationalizations and strategic accretive tuck-in acquisitions, which streamlines our portfolio of businesses and allows us to focus more deeply on our core businesses. In the fourth quarter of 2022, in North America, we divested our Communication Solutions business for cash proceeds of approximately $45.0 million. Further, we have fully integrated our acquisition which was closed in December 2021. Certain Key Priorities and Other Significant Matters The following table identifies key priorities and other significant matters impacting our business and how they are classified in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) (amounts are stated pre-tax except when noted): In millions Included in SG&A ERP and System Modernization Intangible Amortization Portfolio Optimization Litigation, Settlements and Regulatory Compliance Asset Impairments Total included in SG&A Divestiture (gains) losses, net Total included in income from operations After tax items: Other Tax Matters Total after-tax Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ $ $ 19.2 $ 124.0 6.9 30.0 5.5 185.6 (15.6) 170.0 $ — $ — $ 59.0 117.9 5.0 93.2 6.7 281.8 (1.7) 280.1 (1.9) (1.9) The Key Priorities and Other Significant Matters include the following types of activities: Internal (1) Cash Charges Consulting and Professional Fees Other (2) Non-Cash Charges (3) ERP and System Modernization Portfolio Optimization Litigation, Settlements and Regulatory Compliance (1) (2) (3) Includes dedicated resources, including stock-based compensation in 2021. Includes other costs related to each priority (e.g., software maintenance fees, litigation, settlement and regulatory compliance charges, changes in contingent consideration and environmental provisions). Includes impairments, accelerated depreciation and/or amortization, gain/loss on disposal and changes in deferred consideration. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 34 34 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. ✔✔✔✔✔✔✔✔Table of Contents PART II ERP and System Modernization For the years presented and for the cumulative period since the inception of the North America ERP Implementation, we have recognized the following, principally reported in Other Costs: In millions North America Consulting and professional fees Internal labor Software usage/maintenance fees Other related expenses Total North America operating expenditures Capital expenditures Total North America operating and capital expenditures International Operating expenditures Total operating expenditures Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 North America Cumulative Since Inception $ $ $ $ 18.4 $ — — — 18.4 13.6 41.8 $ 7.9 7.5 1.8 59.0 19.9 32.0 $ 78.9 $ 0.8 $ 19.2 $ — 59.0 125.2 39.1 42.3 11.5 218.1 194.3 412.4 As we continue to implement and deploy the North America ERP in our RWCS business, we will incur costs to develop and deploy the system, which includes additional capital expenditures as well as operating expenditures. Upon the substantial implementation of North America's finance and procurement processes and for North America's SID business in the third quarter 2021, certain costs became incremental information technology ongoing costs for running the new system, including maintenance, licensing, and depreciation expenses. Additionally, we will continue to incur the current level of costs to maintain the legacy suite of applications that are also used by our international businesses while their system portfolio is modernized. Certain readiness activities commenced in the third quarter of 2022 related to our international ERP system modernization, which includes enhancements and upgrades associated with European based RWCS and SID operations. Intangible Amortization See table above of certain key priorities and other significant matters for intangible amortization expense from acquisitions for the years presented and how they are classified in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). The increase in amortization expense is primarily due to a decrease in the useful life of certain customer relationship intangibles effective on January 1, 2022. See Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 7 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets in the Consolidated Financial Statements for further information. For intangible amortization by segment see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 17 – Segment Reporting in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Portfolio Optimization See table above of key priorities and other significant matters for portfolio optimization (including Divestiture (gains) losses, net) for the years presented, and how they are classified in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). Consulting and professional fees and acquisition related charges are reported in Other Costs, while the various divestitures (gains) losses, net are included in the respective segment in the table below. Divestitures We evaluate our portfolio of services on an ongoing basis with a country-by-country and service line-by-service line approach to assess long- term potential and identify potential business candidates for divestiture. Our decisions regarding divestitures are based upon the following criteria: • • outlook for long-term market conditions; potential impact to complementary services or customer relationships; 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 35 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 35 Table of Contents PART II • • • • • • • • ability to leverage infrastructure and customer base for growth; potential for margin improvement; current divestiture value versus future divestiture value; ongoing capital requirements of the business; return on invested capital; impact on overall leverage, including impact on debt leverage ratio; implications for our internal control efforts; and implications for our ERP and system modernization. We recognized the following Divestiture (gains) losses, net in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss): In millions North America Segment Communication Solutions operations Canada Environmental Solutions operations Total North America charges, net International Segment Japan RWCS operations Total International charges, net Divestiture (gains) losses, net Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ (15.6) $ — (15.6) — — (15.6) $ — (12.6) (12.6) 10.9 10.9 (1.7) For additional information regarding Divestiture (gains) losses, net, including significant impacts of foreign currency translation adjustments, net, see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 4 – Restructuring, Divestitures, and Asset Impairments in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Acquisitions As part of our portfolio optimization business priority, we regularly evaluate the competitive environment and consider opportunistic acquisitions that strengthen our core businesses. We believe acquisitions, when appropriately valued and constructively integrated, may be an efficient way to gain customers, scale treatment operations, and build customer density for transportation. We expect to focus on smaller accretive tuck-in acquisitions. Details of the acquisition completed in the year ended December 31, 2021, can be found in Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 3 – Acquisition in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Litigation, Settlements and Regulatory Compliance We operate in highly regulated industries and must address regulatory inquiries or respond to investigations from time to time. We have also been involved in a variety of civil litigation from time to time. Certain of these matters are detailed in Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 19 – Legal Proceedings, in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Our financial results may also include considerations of non-recurring matters including settlements, environmental remediation, and legal related consulting and professional fees. See table above of certain key priorities and other significant matters for litigation, settlement and regulatory compliance charges. Among other things, the table reflects consulting and professional fees, contingent liability provisions and settlements, net of insurance recoveries, impacting our business for the years presented, primarily in Other Costs. For the year ended December 31, 2022, we accrued an additional $9.6 million for the FCPA Settlement, bringing the total cumulative charge to $90.3 million. For the year ended December 31, 2022, we paid $81.0 million related to the FCPA settlement. See Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 19 – Legal Proceedings, in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 36 36 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II Asset Impairments Impairments comprise the following: In millions Asset impairments: Property, plant and equipment and ROU assets Customer lists, permits and tradenames Impairments included in SG&A Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ 5.5 $ — 5.5 $ 2.1 4.6 6.7 Impairment charges may be recognized in future periods to the extent changes in factors or circumstances occur, including deterioration in the macroeconomic environment or in the equity markets, including the market value of our common shares, deterioration in our performance or our future projections, or changes in our plans for one or more reporting units or specified long-lived assets, among other factors. For additional information on asset impairments, see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 4 – Restructuring, Divestitures, and Asset Impairments and Note 7 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Other Tax Matters The Other Tax Matters in 2021, are associated with a $5.5 million tax benefit associated with resolution of a 2018 tax return related claim, partially offset by a $3.6 million tax charge related to an ongoing examination of pre-acquisition tax years of an acquired business. For further discussion, see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 10 – Income Taxes in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Results of Operations Revenues (including Segment Revenues) In millions Components of Change (%) (1) 2022 2021 Change ($) Change (%) Organic (2) Growth Acquisition Divestitures Foreign Exchange (3) Year Ended December 31, Revenue by Service Regulated Waste and Compliance Services Secure Information Destruction Services (4) Total Revenues North America Regulated Waste and Compliance Services Secure Information Destruction Services (4) Total North America Segment International Regulated Waste and Compliance Services Secure Information Destruction Services (4) Total International Segment $ $ $ $ $ $ 1,798.2 $ 906.5 1,854.0 $ 792.9 (55.8) 113.6 2,704.7 $ 2,646.9 $ 57.8 1,468.8 $ 794.3 1,457.5 $ 679.0 11.3 115.3 2,263.1 $ 2,136.5 $ 126.6 329.4 $ 112.2 441.6 $ 396.5 $ 113.9 (67.1) (1.7) 510.4 $ (68.8) (3.0 %) 14.3 % 2.2 % 0.8 % 17.0 % 5.9 % (16.9 %) (1.5 %) (13.5 %) 1.4 % 16.3 % 5.9 % 2.8 % 17.4 % 7.4 % (3.4)% 9.7 % (0.5)% 0.4 % — % 0.3 % 0.6 % — % 0.4 % — % — % — % (2.8 %) — % (2.0 %) (2.4 %) — % (1.6 %) (4.4 %) — % (3.4 %) (2.1 %) (1.9 %) (2.0 %) (0.1 %) (0.4 %) (0.2 %) (9.1 %) (11.1 %) (9.5 %) (1) (2) (3) (4) Components of Change % in summation may not crossfoot to the total Change % due to rounding. Organic growth is a change in revenues which includes SOP (sorted office paper) pricing and volume and excludes the impact of an acquisition, divestitures, and foreign exchange. The comparisons at constant currency rates (foreign exchange) reflect comparative local currency balances at prior period’s foreign exchange rates. We calculated these percentages by taking current period reported Revenues less the respective prior period reported Revenues, divided by the prior period reported Revenues, all at the respective prior period’s foreign exchange rates. This measure provides information on the change in Revenues assuming that foreign currency exchange rates have not changed between the prior and the current period. Management believes the use of this measure aids in the understanding of changes in Revenues without the impact of foreign currency. In the first quarter of 2021, we updated our service lines to include Communication Solutions (formerly part of CRS) in RWCS. In the fourth quarter of 2022, the Communication Solutions business was sold. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 37 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 37 Table of Contents PART II Revenues for the year ended December 31, 2022, were $2.70 billion, an increase of $57.8 million, or 2.2% compared to $2.65 billion in the prior year. Excluding the impact of an acquisition which contributed $8.1 million or 0.3%, divestitures which reduced revenues by $52.7 million or 2.0%, and unfavorable foreign exchange rates of $53.4 million or 2.0%, organic revenues increased $155.8 million, or 5.9%. The organic revenues increase is attributable to the quality of revenue initiatives, including our pricing levers, and higher recycled paper revenues, reflecting higher SOP pricing, partially offset by a decrease in International RWCS COVID-19 transactional volumes. North America revenues increased $126.6 million, or 5.9%, for the year ended December 31, 2022, to $2.26 billion from $2.14 billion in the prior year. Excluding an acquisition which contributed $8.1 million, or 0.4%, divestitures which reduced revenues by $35.2 million, or 1.6% and the impact of unfavorable foreign exchanges rates of $4.8 million, or 0.2%, organic revenues increased $158.5 million, or 7.4%. This increase was largely attributable to quality of revenue initiatives, including our pricing levers; higher recycled paper revenues, reflecting higher SOP prices; continued maritime recovery from impact of COVID-19; and non-recurring typical ERP start-up challenges experienced in the third quarter of 2021. International revenues decreased $68.8 million, or 13.5%, for the year ended December 31, 2022, to $441.6 million from $510.4 million in the prior year. Excluding the impact of foreign exchange rates of $48.6 million, or 9.5%, a decrease from divestitures of $17.5 million or 3.4%, RWCS COVID-19 transactional volumes decreased $13.7 million, or 3.4%. These revenue decreases were partially offset by SID organic revenues growth of $11.0 million, or 9.7%, attributable to higher recycled paper revenues, reflecting higher SOP prices and quality of revenue initiatives, including our pricing levers. Gross Profit In millions Gross profit Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Change 2022 versus 2021 $ 1,025.6 $ % of Revenues 37.9 % $ $ 1,017.2 % of Revenues $ % 38.4 % $ 8.4 0.8 % The increase in gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to 2021, was primarily due to quality of revenue initiatives, including results from our pricing levers which resulted in revenue flow through, which helped offset higher supply chain costs, wage adjustment, and utility-related inflationary costs; and higher headcount, onboarding, and overtime costs. The third quarter of 2021 included the impact of non-recurring typical ERP start-up challenges. Although revenue flow through helped offset utility-related inflationary costs, on a margin basis, the inflationary pressures were dilutive to gross profit margin. SG&A In millions SG&A Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Change 2022 versus 2021 $ % of Revenues $ % of Revenues $ % $ 887.5 32.8 % $ 946.6 35.8 % $ (59.1) (6.2 %) For the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to the prior year, we incurred lower SG&A charges associated with certain key priorities and other significant matters discussed above, primarily due to lower Litigation, Settlement and Regulatory Compliance, ERP and system modernization matters, and lower annual incentive compensation expense. Further, as part of the ERP deployment in August 2021, certain costs became incremental, information technology ongoing costs for running the new system, including maintenance, licensing, and depreciation expenses. Additionally, the remaining change in SG&A was due to increased bad debt expense, primarily due to historically lower 2021 bad debt expense level attributed to a decrease in risk of collectability associated with the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and continued elevated past-due accounts receivable balances in 2022, due to the timing of North America SID billing and collection efforts primarily related to the ERP deployment. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 38 38 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II Divestitures (Gains) Losses, Net In millions Divestitures (gains) losses, net $ (15.6) (0.6 %) $ (1.7) (0.1 %) $ 13.9 nm Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Change 2022 versus 2021 $ % of Revenues $ % of Revenues $ % nm - percentage change not meaningful For additional information regarding Divestiture (gains) losses, net, including significant impacts of foreign currency translation adjustments, see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 4 – Restructuring Divestitures, and Asset Impairments in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Segment Profitability The Company uses Adjusted Income from Operations as its measure of segment profitability – see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 17 – Segment Reporting in the Consolidated Financial Statements for an explanation of this measure. Segment profitability and a reconciliation of the total for segment profitability to income from operations was as follows: In millions Adjusted Income from Operations North America International Other Costs Total Reconciliation to Income from operations: Adjusted Income from Operations Adjusting Items Total (1) Income from Operations nm - percentage change not meaningful Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Change 2022 versus 2021 $ % of Segment Revenues $ % of Segment Revenues $ % $ $ $ $ 607.1 34.1 (317.5) 323.7 323.7 (170.0) 153.7 26.8 % $ 7.7 % nm 12.0 % $ 587.6 53.6 (288.8) 352.4 27.5 % $ 10.5 % nm 13.3 % $ 19.5 (19.5) (28.7) (28.7) 3.3 % (36.4 %) 9.9 % (8.1 %) $ $ 352.4 (280.1) 72.3 (1) See Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 17 – Segment Reporting in the Consolidated Financial Statements for more detail. Adjusted Income from Operations for North America increased year-over-year primarily due to the impact of quality of revenue initiatives, including our pricing levers, which resulted in revenue flow through. In addition, higher recycled paper revenues in our SID business; non- recurring typical ERP start-up challenges in the third quarter of 2021; and lower self-insurance expense contributed. The increase was partially offset by higher vehicle, wage, and utility-related inflationary costs; higher headcount, onboarding, and overtime costs; and higher bad debt expense. Adjusted Income from Operations for International declined year-over-year primarily driven by decreased COVID-19 related transactional revenues, the impact of divestitures and foreign exchange, higher vehicle, wage, and utility-related inflationary costs, partially offset by higher recycled paper revenues in our SID business. Adjusted Loss from Operations for Other Costs increased year-over-year as certain costs became incremental, information technology ongoing costs for running the new ERP system, including maintenance, licensing, and depreciation expenses; higher wages; partially offset by lower annual incentive compensation expense. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 39 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 39 Table of Contents PART II Interest Expense (Income), Net In millions Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Change 2022 versus 2021 $ % of Revenues $ % of Revenues $ % Interest expense (income), net $ 75.5 2.8 % $ 71.9 2.7 % $ 3.6 5.0 % The change for the year ended December 31, 2022, as compared to the prior year was primarily due to higher weighted-average interest rates on the variable portion of our debt, partially offset by lower net debt. For further information see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 9 – Debt in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Other Income (Expense), Net In millions Other income (expense), net $ 0.7 — % $ 0.3 — % $ 0.4 133.3 % Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Change 2022 versus 2021 $ % of Revenues $ % of Revenues $ % Other income (expense), net is primarily comprised of foreign exchange gains and losses. Income Tax Expense In millions Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 Change 2022 versus 2021 $ Effective Rate $ Effective Rate $ % Income tax expense $ 22.4 28.4 % $ 27.5 3,829.0 % $ (5.1) (18.5 %) For further information, see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 10 – Income Taxes in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Liquidity and Capital Resources The Company believes that it has sufficient liquidity to support its ongoing operations and to invest in future growth to create value for its shareholders. Operating cash flows and the Company’s $1.2 billion Credit Facility are the Company’s primary sources of liquidity and are expected to be used for, among other things, payment of interest and principal on the Company’s long-term debt obligations, and capital expenditures necessary to support growth and productivity improvements. As of December 31, 2022, we had approximately $985.7 million of available capacity in the $1.2 billion Credit Facility. To the extent the Company needs to add additional funding options to meet additional liquidity requirements or diversify its funding portfolio, the Company could seek additional financing from alternative sources, including approaching the capital markets. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company paid $81.0 million in accordance with the FCPA Settlement. The FCPA Settlement accrual balance was $9.3 million as of December 31, 2022. The Company anticipates paying the remaining accrued FCPA Settlement in the next twelve months (see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 19 – Legal Proceedings, in the Consolidated Financial Statements for additional details). For further details concerning liquidity and capital resources see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 9 – Debt in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Working Capital At December 31, 2022, our working capital increased $93.0 million to a negative working capital of $63.2 million compared to a negative working capital of $156.2 million at December 31, 2021. This change is primarily driven by a decrease in accrued liabilities, attributed to payments related to the FCPA settlement. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 40 40 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II Current assets decreased $16.8 million in 2022, to $558.7 million from $575.5 million in 2021, primarily driven by a decrease in prepaid expenses and accounts receivable, partially offset by an increase in other current assets. Current liabilities decreased $109.8 million in 2022, to $621.9 million from $731.7 million in 2021, primarily driven by a decrease in accounts payable and accrued liabilities, driven by payments related to the FCPA settlement. Cash Flow Summary: The following table shows cash flow information for the Company by activity: In millions Net cash from operating activities Net cash from investing activities Net cash from financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents Net change in cash and cash equivalents Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 200.2 $ (84.6) (111.0) (4.2) 0.4 $ 303.1 (90.1) (207.9) (2.8) 2.3 $ $ Operating Cash Flows: Net cash provided from operating activities decreased $102.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, to $200.2 million from $303.1 million for the prior year. The year-over-year decline of $102.9 million was primarily driven by the FCPA Settlement payments of $81.0 million, timing of vendor payments of $32.3 million and higher interest payments of $15.6 million. These were partially offset by an improvement in DSO of two days, which translates into approximately $16.0 million and operating and net working capital improvements of approximately $10.0 million. DSO as of December 31, 2022, as reported was 56 days, compared to DSO of 58 days as of December 31, 2021. Investing Cash Flows: Net cash used from investing activities decreased $5.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2022, to net cash used of $84.6 million from $90.1 million in the prior year. In the fourth quarter of 2022, we received $45.0 million from the divestiture of our Communication Solutions business. In the third quarter of 2021, we received $11.3 million from the divestiture of our operations in Japan. In the fourth quarter of 2021, we received $24.4 million from the divestiture of our Environmental Solutions operations in Canada. For the year ended December 31, 2021, cash paid for an acquisition was $10.5 million. Our cash paid for capital expenditures increased by $15.3 million to $132.2 million from $116.9 million. The $15.3 million increase was mainly attributable to the timing of cash payments and operational infrastructure investments. Financing Cash Flows: Net cash used from financing activities decreased $96.9 million in the year ended December 31, 2022, to a use of funds of $111.0 million from $207.9 million in the prior year. Our net repayments on our Credit Facility and Term Loan were $103.0 million in the year ended December 31, 2022, compared to $197.7 million in the prior year. Contractual Obligations The Company’s contractual obligations and cash commitments at December 31, 2022, consisted of long term debt, finance and operating lease liabilities, and estimated purchase obligations. Long term debt: For details regarding long term obligations, see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 9 – Debt in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Lease liabilities: For details regarding short and long term finance and operating lease liabilities, see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 6 – Leases in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Estimated purchase obligations: The Company’s estimated purchase obligations consist of agreements to purchase goods and services that are entered into in the ordinary course of business. As of December 31, 2022, the Company's short and long term estimated purchase obligations were $36.8 million and $6.5 million, respectively. The Company establishes asset retirement obligations for the present value of estimated future costs to retire long-lived assets at the termination or expiration of a lease. Most of these obligations are not expected to be paid until many years in the future and are expected to be funded from general company resources at the time of removal. For further details concerning asset retirement obligations, see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies in the Consolidated Financial Statements. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 41 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 41 Table of Contents PART II Based on the uncertain nature of our liability for unrecognized tax benefits, we are unable to make an estimate of the period of potential settlement, if any, with the applicable taxing authorities. As of December 31, 2022, the Company had $60.1 million of stand-by letters of credit outstanding against our credit facility, $32.3 million of surety bonds and $18.5 million of bank guarantees. The bank guarantees are issued mostly by our international subsidiaries for various purposes, including leases, seller notes, contracts and permits. The surety bonds are used for performance guarantees. Neither the bank guarantees nor the surety bonds affect our ability to use our various lines of credit. We anticipate that our operating cash flows, together with additional borrowings available under our Credit Facility, will be sufficient to meet our anticipated future operating expenses, key business priorities, other capital expenditures and debt service obligations as they become due during the next 12 months and the foreseeable future. Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates Our discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based upon our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The preparation of these financial statements requires management to make estimates, assumptions and judgments that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses and the related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. Although management believes that its estimates and assumptions are reasonable, they are based upon information available when they are made and therefore, actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. Our most critical accounting policies are those that may be material due to the levels of subjectivity and judgment necessary to account for highly uncertain matters or the susceptibility of such matters to change and those policies that have a material impact on the financial condition or operating performance of the Company. Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 1 – Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Polices in the Consolidated Financial Statements provides a detailed description of all of our material accounting policies; however, we have identified the following as our most critical accounting policies and estimates. Revenue Recognition Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for these good or services. Revenue is recognized net of revenue-based taxes assessed by governmental authorities. The Company provides RWCS, which provide collection and processing of regulated and specialized waste, including medical, pharmaceutical and hazardous waste, for disposal and compliance programs; and SID services, which provide for the collection of personal and confidential information for secure destruction and recycling of shredded paper. The associated activities for each of these are a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer over time; therefore, the respective services are treated as a single performance obligation. We recognize revenue by applying the right to invoice practical expedient as our right to consideration corresponds directly to the value provided to the customer for performance to date. Revenues for our Regulated Waste and Secure Information Destruction Services are recognized upon waste collection. Our compliance services are recognized over the contractual service period. Allowance for Doubtful Accounts The Company reports accounts receivable at their net realizable value, which is management’s best estimate of the cash that will ultimately be received. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts to reflect the expected uncollectability of accounts receivable based on past collection history and specific risks identified among uncollected accounts, as well as management’s expectation of future economic conditions. If current or expected future economic trends, events, or changes in circumstances indicate that specific receivable balances may be impaired, further consideration is given to the collectability of those balances and the allowance is adjusted accordingly. Past-due receivable balances are generally written off when the Company's collection efforts have been exhausted. The adequacy of allowances for uncollectible accounts is reviewed quarterly and adjusted as necessary based on such reviews. Management’s judgment is required to assess the collectability of an account, based on detailed analysis of the aging of the receivables, the creditworthiness of the Company’s customers, historical collection trends, and current and future expected economic trends. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 42 42 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II Accounts receivable written off in subsequent periods can differ from the allowance for doubtful accounts provided, but historically our provision has been adequate. Allowance for doubtful accounts was $53.3 million and $43.3 million as of December 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively. Impairment of Goodwill and Intangible Assets Determining the extent of impairment, if any, typically requires various estimates and assumptions including using management's judgment, cash flows directly attributable to the asset, the useful life of the asset and residual value, if any. When necessary, the Company uses internal cash flow estimates, quoted market prices and appraisals as appropriate to determine fair value. Actual results could vary from these estimates. In addition, the remaining useful life of the impaired asset is revised, if necessary. (For additional information, see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 7 – Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets in the Consolidated Financial Statements). Intangible Assets (indefinite-lived): Indefinite-lived intangibles consist primarily of permits and tradenames. Indefinite-lived intangibles are assessed for impairment annually, as of October 1, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change and are not subject to amortization but are assessed for impairment in the same manner as goodwill. Indefinite lived intangibles may be assessed using either a qualitative or quantitative approach. The qualitative approach first determines if it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of the asset is less than the carrying value. If no such determination is made, then the impairment test is complete. If, however, it is determined that there is a likely impairment, a quantitative assessment is performed. In the fourth quarter of 2022, we performed our annual impairment test on indefinite-lived intangibles, other than goodwill, using the qualitative approach for certain assets and the quantitative approach for the remaining assets. The calculated fair value of our indefinite-lived intangibles is based upon, among other things, certain assumptions about expected future operating performance, internal and external processing costs and an appropriate discount rate determined by management. Future changes in our assumptions or the interrelationship of the assumptions described above may negatively impact future valuations that would require non-cash charges and may have a material effect on our financial condition and operating results. Goodwill: Goodwill is assessed for impairment annually as of October 1, of each year, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that could reduce the value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. We used a quantitative approach to assess goodwill for impairment. The fair value of each reporting unit is calculated using the income approach (including DCF) and validated using a market approach with the involvement of a third-party valuation specialist. Our reporting units are: Domestic RWCS, Domestic SID, Europe, Asia Pacific, Domestic CRS (divested in December 2022), Canada and Latin America (the last three reporting units have accumulated goodwill impairment balances equal to the goodwill gross balance, or net zero goodwill carrying value). The income approach uses expected future cash flows of each reporting unit and discounts those cash flows to present value. Expected future cash flows are calculated using management assumptions of growth rates, including long-term growth rates, capital expenditures and cost efficiencies. Future acquisitions or divestitures are not included in the expected future cash flows. We use a discount rate based on a calculated weighted average cost of capital which is adjusted for each of our reporting units based on size, country and company specific risk premiums. The market approach compares the valuation multiples of similar companies to that of the associated reporting unit. In addition, we analyze differences between the sum of the fair value of the reporting units and our total market capitalization for reasonableness, taking into account certain factors including control premiums. The fair value is then compared to its carrying value including goodwill. If the fair value is in excess of its carrying value, the related goodwill is not impaired. If the fair value is less than its carrying value, we recognize an impairment charge in the amount that the carrying value exceeds the fair value but not to exceed the carrying value of any goodwill. We performed our annual goodwill assessment as of October 1, 2022. As a result of this assessment, no goodwill impairment charges were recognized in 2022. A measure of sensitivity of the amount of goodwill impairment charges to key assumptions is the amount by which each reporting unit's fair value exceeds its respective carrying value. As of the October 1, 2022 assessment, the estimated fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its carrying value by at least 36%, except for Asia Pacific. Asia Pacific estimated fair value exceeded its carrying value by 16% or $11.5 million. We performed sensitivity analysis on our estimated fair values, noting that a 50 basis point increase in the discount rate or a 50 basis point reduction in the long-term growth rate would not result in impairments for any of our reporting units. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 43 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 43 Table of Contents PART II Intangible Assets Lives We have determined that certain of our operating permits and certain tradenames have indefinite lives due to our ability to renew them with minimal additional cost and therefore they are not amortized. Our finite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their useful lives using the straight-line method. Our customer relationships have useful lives from 10 to 25 years based upon the type of customer. We have non-compete covenant intangibles with useful lives of 5 years. We also have tradename intangibles with useful lives from 20 to 40 years. We evaluate the useful life of our intangible assets annually to determine whether events and circumstances warrant a revision to their remaining useful life and changes are reflected prospectively as the intangible asset is amortized over the revised remaining useful life. In the fourth quarter of 2022, we performed the annual assessment of the useful life of our finite-lived intangibles and made no changes. Assets and Liabilities Held-for-Sale We classify Long-lived assets or disposal groups as held-for-sale when management having the appropriate authority, generally our Board of Directors or certain of our executive officers, commits to a plan of sale, the disposal group is ready for immediate sale, an active program to locate a buyer has been initiated and the sale is probable and expected to be completed within one year. Once classified as held-for-sale disposal groups are valued at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less estimated selling costs. Where the disposal group constitutes substantially all, generally more than 90% of the assets and liabilities of our operations in a foreign country, the balance in the cumulative currency translation adjustment associated with that country is included in the carrying value of the disposal group. If the carrying value, including any amount associated with the cumulative currency translation adjustment, exceeds the fair value less estimated selling costs, a held-for-sale impairment charge is recorded to reduce the carrying value. The estimate for fair value is reviewed at the end of every reporting period that the disposal group is classified as held-for-sale and the carrying value is adjusted whenever the estimated fair value less costs to sell is less than the carrying value. Contingencies and Litigation We are subject to various legal proceedings, claims and regulatory matters, the outcomes of which are subject to significant uncertainty. We determine whether to disclose or accrue for loss contingencies based on an assessment of whether the risk of loss is remote, reasonably possible or probable, and whether it can be reasonably estimated. We analyze our litigation and regulatory matters based on available information to assess the potential liabilities. Management’s assessment is developed based on an analysis of possible outcomes under various strategies. We record and disclose loss contingencies pursuant to the applicable accounting guidance for such matters. For additional information, see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 19 – Legal Proceedings in the Consolidated Financial Statements). Income Taxes We record a provision for income taxes for the anticipated tax consequences of our reported results of operations using the asset and liability method. Deferred income taxes are recognized by applying enacted statutory tax rates applicable to future years to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis as well as net operating loss and tax credit carryforwards. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The measurement of deferred tax assets is reduced, if necessary, by a valuation allowance for any tax benefits for which future realization is uncertain. Although we believe our assumptions, judgments and estimates are reasonable, changes in tax laws or our interpretation of tax laws and the resolution of any tax audits could significantly impact the amounts provided for income taxes in our Consolidated Financial Statements. In evaluating our ability to recover our deferred tax assets, in full or in part, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including our past operating results, and our forecast of future earnings, future taxable income and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. The assumptions utilized in determining future taxable income require significant judgment and are consistent with the plans and estimates we are using to manage the underlying businesses. Actual operating results in future years could differ from our current assumptions, judgments and estimates. However, we believe that it is more likely than not that most of the deferred tax assets recognized on our 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 44 44 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II Consolidated Balance Sheets will ultimately be realized. We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the net amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. At December 31, 2022, and 2021, our valuation allowances were $67.2 million and $61.4 million, respectively. We did not recognize certain tax benefits from uncertain tax positions within the provision for income taxes. We may recognize a tax benefit only if it is more likely than not the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the financial statements from such positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement. At December 31, 2022, our estimated gross unrecognized tax benefits were $10.0 million, of which $8.2 million, if recognized, would favorably impact our future earnings. Due to uncertainties in any tax audit outcome, our estimates of the ultimate settlement of our unrecognized tax positions may change and the actual tax benefits may differ significantly from the estimates. The Tax Act established GILTI provisions that impose a tax on foreign income in excess of a deemed return on intangible assets of foreign corporations. We recognize the taxes on GILTI as a period expense rather than recognizing deferred taxes for basis differences that are expected to affect the amount of GILTI inclusion upon reversal. For further information see Part II, Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data; Note 10 – Income Taxes in the Consolidated Financial Statements. Insured and Self-Insured Claims The Company’s insurance for workers’ compensation, auto/fleet, general liability, property and employee-related health care benefits is obtained using high deductible insurance policies, if any, meaning that the Company has retained a significant portion of the risks related to the claims associated with these programs. The estimated exposure for unpaid claims and associated expenses, including incurred but not reported losses, is based on a calculation performed by a third-party actuarial specialist. We use a third party to track and evaluate actual claims experience and supply the data used in the semi-annual actuarial valuation. The actuarial-determined liability is calculated using the Company’s historical claims experience. The accruals for these liabilities could be revised if future occurrences or loss developments significantly differ from the assumptions used. Estimated recoveries associated with insured claims are recognized as assets when the receipt of such amounts is probable. At December 31, 2022, and 2021, we accrued $78.8 million and $84.1 million, respectively. Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk In the normal course of business, we are exposed to market risks, including changes in interest rates, certain commodity prices, including SOP and diesel fuel, utilities, and foreign currency rates. We do not specifically hedge our exposure to these risks. We are subject to market risks arising from changes in interest rates which relate primarily to our financing activities. We performed a sensitivity analysis to determine how market rate changes might affect the fair value of our market risk-sensitive debt instruments (variable rate debt) which in aggregate as of December 31, 2022, are 23% of total aggregate debt (including fixed- and variable-rate debt instruments). Our potential additional interest expense over one year that would result from a hypothetical, instantaneous and unfavorable change of 100 basis points in the interest rate on all of our variable rate obligations would be approximately $3.5 million on a pre-tax basis. We are subject to market risks arising from changes in the prices for commodities such as SOP pricing, diesel fuel and utilities. As the market prices for these commodities increase or decrease, our revenues, operating costs and margins may also increase or decrease. Variability in commodity prices can also impact the margins of our business which we attempt to mitigate through pricing levers and operating efficiencies. We have exposure to foreign currency fluctuations. We have subsidiaries in 16 foreign countries whose revenues and expenses are denominated in local currency and who use local currency denominated lines of credit for their funding needs. We translate results of operations of our international operations using an average exchange rate. We have quantified and described the impact of foreign currency translation on our revenues. We estimate, that based upon the amounts reported by individual countries during the year ended December 31, 2022, and prevailing exchange rates at that date, a 1% devaluation of all the functional currencies of each of our foreign businesses would result in an immaterial change to Net income (loss) attributable to Stericycle, Inc. reported in our Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 45 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 45 Table of Contents PART II We have cumulative currency translation adjustment losses as of December 31, 2022, of approximately $276.9 million which are subject to continued fluctuations due to changes in foreign currency rates. In addition, to the extent that we sell substantially all of the operations within one country, similar to the transactions undertaken in Japan in 2021, we would be required to recognize, in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss), the accumulated currency translation losses or gains associated with that country's operations. The U.K.’s Financial Conduct Authority, which regulates LIBOR, announced in 2017 that it intends to phase out LIBOR by the end of 2021. In 2022, the Federal Reserve announced that LIBOR will be phased out by December 31, 2024. The Company’s contracts with respect to its borrowings already contain comparable alternative reference rates that would automatically take effect upon the phasing out of LIBOR. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 46 46 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Stericycle, Inc. Opinion on the Financial Statements We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Stericycle, Inc. (the Company) as of December 31, 2022, and 2021, the related consolidated statements of income (loss), comprehensive (loss) income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company at December 31, 2022, and 2021, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) and our report dated February 23, 2023, expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. Basis for Opinion These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s financial statements based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud. Our audits included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the financial statements, whether due to error or fraud and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the financial statements. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. Critical Audit Matter The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that: (1) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (2) involved our especially challenging, subjective or complex judgments. The communication of the critical audit matter does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matter or on the account or disclosure to which it relates. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 47 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 47 Table of Contents PART II Description of the Matter How We Addressed the Matter in Our Audit Valuation of Goodwill At December 31, 2022, the Company’s goodwill was $2,784.9 million. As disclosed in Note 7 to the consolidated financial statements, goodwill is tested for impairment at the reporting unit level annually as of October 1, or more frequently, if a triggering event occurs. The Company determined no reporting unit’s carrying value was in excess of its respective fair value. Auditing management’s goodwill impairment assessment was complex and highly judgmental due to the significant estimation required in determining the fair value of certain of the Company’s reporting units. In particular, the fair value estimates were sensitive to significant assumptions, such as discount rates, projections of revenue growth and EBITDA margins, which are affected by expectations about future market or economic conditions, particularly those in markets with challenging economic conditions. We obtained an understanding, evaluated the design, and tested the operating effectiveness of controls over the Company’s goodwill impairment review process. For example, we tested controls over management's review of the significant assumptions discussed above used to develop the fair value estimates. We also tested management's controls over the completeness and accuracy of the underlying data used in the valuation. To test the estimated fair value of the Company’s reporting units, we performed audit procedures that included, among others, assessing methodologies and testing the significant assumptions discussed above and the underlying data used by the Company in its analysis. We involved our valuation specialists to review the Company’s model, methods, and the more sensitive assumptions utilized such as the discount rate. We compared the significant assumptions used by management to current industry and economic trends, changes to the Company’s business model, customer base and other relevant factors. In addition, we assessed the historical accuracy of management’s estimates and performed sensitivity analyses of significant assumptions to evaluate the changes in the fair value of the reporting units that would result from changes in the assumptions. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1991. Chicago, Illinois February 23, 2023 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 48 48 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II STERICYCLE, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME (LOSS) In millions, except per share data Revenues Cost of revenues Gross profit Selling, general and administrative expenses Divestiture (gains) losses, net Income from operations Interest (expense) income, net Other income (expense), net Income (loss) before income taxes Income tax (expense) benefit Net income (loss) Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests Net income (loss) attributable to Stericycle, Inc. common shareholders Earnings (loss) per common share attributable to Stericycle, Inc. common shareholders: Basic Diluted Weighted average number of common shares Outstanding: Basic Diluted $ $ $ $ Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 2,704.7 $ 1,679.1 1,025.6 887.5 (15.6) 153.7 (75.5) 0.7 78.9 (22.4) 56.5 (0.5) 2,646.9 $ 1,629.7 1,017.2 946.6 (1.7) 72.3 (71.9) 0.3 0.7 (27.5) (26.8) (1.0) 56.0 $ (27.8) $ 0.61 $ 0.61 $ (0.30) $ (0.30) $ 92.1 92.4 91.8 91.8 2,675.5 1,622.4 1,053.1 897.6 123.6 31.9 (81.9) (6.0) (56.0) 0.1 (55.9) (1.4) (57.3) (0.63) (0.63) 91.5 91.5 See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 49 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 49 Table of Contents PART II STERICYCLE, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE (LOSS) INCOME In millions Net income (loss) Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ 56.5 $ (26.8) $ (55.9) Other comprehensive (loss) income: Currency translation adjustments Cumulative currency translation loss realized through disposition of Japan operations Cumulative currency translation loss realized through disposition of Argentina operations Total other comprehensive (loss) income Comprehensive (loss) income Less: comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests (58.1) — — (58.1) (1.6) 0.5 (35.5) 3.8 — (31.7) (58.5) 0.7 Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Stericycle, Inc. common shareholders $ (2.1) $ (59.2) $ 44.0 — 87.2 131.2 75.3 1.9 73.4 See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 50 50 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. STERICYCLE, INC. CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS In millions, except per share data ASSETS Current Assets: Cash and cash equivalents Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $53.3 in 2022 and $43.3 in 2021 Prepaid expenses Other current assets Total Current Assets Property, plant and equipment, less accumulated depreciation of $657.7 in 2022 and $658.5 in 2021 Operating lease right-of-use assets Goodwill Intangible assets, less accumulated amortization of $823.3 in 2022 and $736.6 in 2021 Other assets Total Assets LIABILITIES AND EQUITY Current Liabilities: Current portion of long-term debt Bank overdrafts Accounts payable Accrued liabilities Operating lease liabilities Other current liabilities Total Current Liabilities Long-term debt, net Long-term operating lease liabilities Deferred income taxes Long-term tax payable Other liabilities Total Liabilities Commitments and contingencies EQUITY Preferred stock (par value $0.01 per share, 1.0 shares authorized), mandatory convertible preferred stock, Series A, none issued and outstanding in 2022 and 2021 Common stock (par value $0.01 per share, 120.0 shares authorized, 92.2 and 91.9 issued and outstanding in 2022 and 2021, respectively) Additional paid-in capital Retained earnings Accumulated other comprehensive loss Total Stericycle, Inc.’s Equity Noncontrolling interests Total Equity Total Liabilities and Equity December 31, 2022 2021 $ 56.0 $ $ $ 414.5 33.2 55.0 558.7 715.7 398.9 2,784.9 811.1 64.8 5,334.1 $ 22.3 $ 2.9 213.5 244.1 91.2 47.9 621.9 1,484.0 329.0 427.0 11.8 35.9 2,909.6 — 0.9 1,285.4 1,410.8 (276.9) 2,420.2 4.3 2,424.5 55.6 420.4 45.6 53.9 575.5 711.0 344.8 2,815.7 964.5 61.6 5,473.1 19.9 1.6 218.9 359.6 85.5 46.2 731.7 1,589.8 279.8 411.0 19.1 38.9 3,070.3 — 0.9 1,261.8 1,354.8 (218.8) 2,398.7 4.1 2,402.8 5,473.1 See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. $ 5,334.1 $ 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 51 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 51 Table of Contents PART II STERICYCLE, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS In millions OPERATING ACTIVITIES: Net Income (loss) Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash from operating activities: Depreciation Intangible amortization Stock-based compensation expense Deferred income taxes Divestiture (gains) losses, net Asset impairments, loss on disposal of property plant and equipment and other charges Other, net Changes in operating assets and liabilities: Accounts receivable Prepaid expenses Accounts payable Accrued liabilities Other assets and liabilities Net cash from operating activities INVESTING ACTIVITIES: Capital expenditures Payment for acquisition Proceeds from divestitures of businesses, net Other, net Net cash from investing activities FINANCING ACTIVITIES: Repayments of long-term debt and other obligations Proceeds from foreign bank debt Repayments of foreign bank debt Repayments of term loan Proceeds from senior debt Proceeds from credit facility Repayments of credit facility Proceeds from bank overdrafts, net Payments of finance lease obligations Payments of debt issuance costs Proceeds from issuance of common stock, net of (payments of) taxes from withheld shares Payments to noncontrolling interests Net cash from financing activities Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents Net change in cash and cash equivalents Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year Cash and cash equivalents at end of year SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION: Net issuances of obligations for acquisition Capital expenditures in accounts payable Interest paid, net of capitalized interest Income taxes refunded Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ 56.5 $ (26.8) $ 108.5 124.0 25.1 20.6 (15.6) 5.7 7.5 (12.9) 12.0 (2.6) (92.7) (35.9) 200.2 (132.2) — 46.7 0.9 (84.6) (12.0) 1.6 (1.8) — — 1,368.8 (1,459.6) 1.4 (3.1) (0.4) (5.6) (0.3) (111.0) (4.2) 0.4 55.6 106.0 117.9 27.1 29.7 (1.7) 6.7 5.1 (57.2) 17.0 29.7 85.2 (35.6) 303.1 (116.9) (10.5) 35.0 2.3 (90.1) (20.4) — (29.6) (222.5) — 1,495.0 (1,420.2) 1.9 (3.9) (3.9) (3.4) (0.9) (207.9) (2.8) 2.3 53.3 $ $ $ $ $ 56.0 $ 55.6 $ — $ 30.2 $ 72.6 $ (1.1) $ 32.9 $ 22.2 $ 57.0 $ (7.8) $ (55.9) 108.6 124.9 25.5 32.6 123.6 18.3 5.1 27.4 68.9 (5.5) 8.2 48.5 530.2 (119.5) — 498.9 2.0 381.4 (31.1) 1.8 (10.7) (749.7) 500.0 1,210.6 (1,798.3) (1.7) (4.3) (7.3) (0.4) (1.4) (892.5) (0.5) 18.6 34.7 53.3 — 11.7 75.5 (83.7) See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 52 52 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II STERICYCLE, INC. CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN EQUITY In millions Balance as of January 1, 2020 Net loss Currency translation adjustment Issuance of common stock for incentive stock programs, net of (payments of) taxes from withheld shares Cumulative currency translation loss realized through disposition of Argentina operations Stock compensation expense Change in accounting principle Changes to noncontrolling interest Balance as of December 31, 2020 Net loss Currency translation adjustment Issuance of common stock for incentive stock programs, net of (payments of) taxes from withheld shares Cumulative currency translation loss realized through disposition of Japan operations Stock compensation expense Changes to noncontrolling interest Balance as of December 31, 2021 Net Income Currency translation adjustment Issuance of common stock for incentive stock programs, net of (payments of) taxes from withheld shares Stock compensation expense Changes to noncontrolling interest Balance as of December 31, 2022 Stericycle, Inc. Equity Common Stock Shares Amount Additional Paid-In Capital Retained Earnings Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss Noncontrolling Interests Total Equity 91.2 $ — — 0.9 $ — — 1,205.7 $ — — 1,442.4 $ (57.3) — (318.1) $ — 43.5 3.8 $ 1.4 0.5 2,334.7 (55.9) 44.0 0.4 — — — — 91.6 — — 0.3 — — — 91.9 — — 0.3 — — — — — — — 0.9 — — — — — — 0.9 — — — — — 2.8 — 25.5 — — 1,234.0 — — 0.7 — 27.1 — 1,261.8 — — (1.5) 25.1 — — — — (2.5) — 1,382.6 (27.8) — — — — — 1,354.8 56.0 — — — — — 87.2 — — — (187.4) — (35.2) — 3.8 — — (218.8) — (58.1) — — — — — — — (1.4) 4.3 1.0 (0.3) — — — (0.9) 4.1 0.5 — — — (0.3) 2.8 87.2 25.5 (2.5) (1.4) 2,434.4 (26.8) (35.5) 0.7 3.8 27.1 (0.9) 2,402.8 56.5 (58.1) (1.5) 25.1 (0.3) 92.2 $ 0.9 $ 1,285.4 $ 1,410.8 $ (276.9) $ 4.3 $ 2,424.5 See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 53 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 53 Table of Contents PART II STERICYCLE, INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (In millions, except per share data and unless otherwise indicated) Unless the context requires otherwise, “Company”, “Stericycle”, “we”, “us”, or “our” refers to Stericycle, Inc. and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. NOTE 1 – BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Description of Business Incorporated in 1989, Stericycle protects people and brands, promotes health and well-being, safeguards the environment and communities, and reduces risk through highly specialized Regulated Waste and Compliance Services and Secure Information Destruction Services. The Company serves customers in the U.S. and 16 other countries with a concentration on the growing healthcare industry. The Company’s segments (see Note 17 – Segment Reporting) core focus is on Regulated Waste and Compliance Services and Secure Information Destruction Services, and it is a leading provider of these services in terms of both revenue and operational infrastructure. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies Basis of Presentation: The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Stericycle, Inc. and its subsidiaries. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company's consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP and include the assets, liabilities, revenue and expenses of all wholly-owned subsidiaries and majority-owned subsidiaries over which the Company exercises control. Outside stockholders' interests in subsidiaries are shown on the consolidated financial statements as “Noncontrolling interests”. Use of Estimates: The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the financial statements and accompanying notes. Some areas where the Company makes estimates include allowance for doubtful accounts, credit memo reserves, contingent liabilities, asset retirement obligations, stock compensation expense, income tax assets and liabilities, accrued employee health and welfare benefits, accrued auto and workers’ compensation self-insured claims, leases, acquisition related long-lived assets, goodwill and held for sale impairment valuations. Such estimates are based on historical trends and on various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results could differ from these estimates. Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Revenue is recognized when a customer obtains control of promised goods or services. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for these goods or services. Revenue is recognized net of revenue-based taxes assessed by governmental authorities. The Company provides RWCS, which provide collection and processing of regulated and specialized waste, including medical, pharmaceutical and hazardous waste, for disposal and compliance programs and SID services, which provide for the collection of personal and confidential information for secure destruction and recycling of shredded paper. The associated activities for each of these are a series of distinct services that are substantially the same and have the same pattern of transfer over time; therefore, the respective services are treated as a single performance obligation. The Company recognizes revenue by applying the right to invoice practical expedient as the Company’s right to consideration corresponds directly to the value provided to the customer for performance to date. Revenues for the Company’s Regulated Waste and Secure Information Destruction Services are recognized upon waste collection. The Company’s compliance services revenues are recognized over the contractual service period. Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts: Accounts receivable is recorded when billed or when goods or services are provided. The carrying value of the Company’s receivables is presented net of an 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 54 54 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II allowance for doubtful accounts. The Company estimates its allowance for doubtful accounts based on past collection history and specific risks identified among uncollected amounts, as well as management’s expectation of future economic conditions. If current or expected future economic trends, events, or changes in circumstances indicate that specific receivable balances may be impaired, further consideration is given to the collectability of those balances and the allowance is adjusted accordingly. Past-due receivable balances are written off when the Company’s internal collection efforts have been exhausted. No single customer accounted for more than 1.9% of the Company’s accounts receivable or approximately 1.6% of total revenues. The changes in allowance for doubtful accounts were reported as follows: In millions Balances at beginning of year Bad debt expense, net of recoveries Write-offs Other changes (1) Balances at end of year Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ $ 43.3 $ 24.4 (15.3) 0.9 53.3 $ 56.2 $ 9.0 (20.2) (1.7) 43.3 $ 67.9 21.7 (24.2) (9.2) 56.2 (1) Amounts consist primarily of currency translation adjustments, and $0.7 million and $9.3 million relating to divestitures undertaken during 2021 and 2020, respectively. Additionally, 2020 amount includes impact of adoption of a new accounting standard. Contract Liability: The Company records a contract liability when cash payments are received in advance of the Company’s services being performed and is classified as current in Other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets since the amounts are earned within a year. Contract Acquisition Costs: Incremental direct costs of obtaining a contract, which primarily represent sales incentives, are deferred and amortized to SG&A over the estimated period of benefit to be derived from the cost taking into consideration our standard contract terms and conditions and other factors. Cash and Cash Equivalents: The Company considers all highly liquid investments with a maturity of less than three months when purchased to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are carried at cost. Financial Instruments: The Company’s financial instruments consist of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and payable, and long-term debt. Financial instruments, which potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk, consist principally of accounts receivable. Credit risk on trade receivables is minimized as a result of the large size of the Company’s customer base, low concentration, and the performance of ongoing credit evaluations of its customers. The Company also maintains allowances for potential credit losses. Property, Plant and Equipment: Property, plant and equipment is stated at cost. Expenditures for software purchases and software developed for internal use are capitalized and included in Software. For software developed for internal use, external direct costs for materials and services and certain internal payroll and related fringe benefit costs are capitalized. Depreciation and amortization is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows: Building and improvements Machinery and equipment Containers Vehicles Office equipment and furniture Software and Enterprise Resource Planning system 2 to 40 years 2 to 30 years 2 to 20 years 2 to 10 years 2 to 20 years 2 to 10 years Capitalized Interest: The Company capitalizes interest incurred associated with projects under construction for the duration of the asset construction period. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the Company capitalized interest of $1.3 million, $0.8 million, and $1.8 million, respectively. Goodwill and Other Identifiable Intangible Assets: Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value assigned the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets of businesses acquired. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 55 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 55 Table of Contents PART II The Company’s indefinite-lived intangible assets include operating permits and certain tradenames. The Company has determined that certain of our operating permits and certain tradenames have indefinite lives due to our ability to renew them with minimal additional cost and therefore they are not amortized. Certain indefinite-lived permits may become subject to amortization to the extent events and circumstances warrant. Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method with each category having weighted average remaining useful lives as follows: In years Customer relationships Covenants not-to-compete Operating permits Tradenames Landfill air rights Estimated Useful Lives 10-25 5 1-2 20-40 5-10 Weighted Average Remaining Useful Lives 5.8 0.4 0.5 22.7 2.4 The useful life of intangible assets is assessed annually, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change, to determine whether a revision to their remaining useful life is warranted. If required, changes are reflected prospectively as the intangible asset is amortized over the revised remaining useful life. In the fourth quarter of 2022, we performed the annual assessment of the useful life of our finite-lived intangibles and made no changes. Impairment of Long-Lived Assets: Property, Plant, and Equipment and Intangible Assets (definite-lives), Net: Long-lived assets, such as property, plant and equipment and amortizing intangible assets are reviewed whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the related carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Impairment of assets with definite-lives is generally determined by comparing projected undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by the asset, or asset groups, to its carrying value. If the carrying value of the long-lived asset or asset group is not recoverable on an undiscounted basis, an impairment is recognized to the extent fair value exceeds carrying value. Determining the extent of impairment, if any, typically requires various estimates and assumptions including cash flows directly attributable to the asset, the useful life of the asset and residual value, if any. When necessary, the Company uses internal cash flow estimates, quoted market prices and appraisals, as appropriate, to determine fair value. Actual results could vary from these estimates. In addition, the remaining useful life of the impaired asset is revised, if necessary. Intangible Assets (indefinite-lived): Indefinite-lived intangibles consist primarily of permits and tradenames. Indefinite-lived intangibles are assessed for impairment annually as of October 1, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change, using either a qualitative or quantitative approach. The qualitative approach first determines if it is more-likely-than-not that the fair value of the asset is less than the carrying value. If no such determination is made, then the impairment test is complete. If, however, it is determined that there is a likely impairment, a quantitative assessment is performed. The Company performs its annual impairment test on indefinite-lived intangibles, using the qualitative approach for certain assets and the quantitative approach for the remaining assets. Goodwill: Goodwill is assessed for impairment at least annually as of October 1 of each year, or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. The Company uses a quantitative approach to assess goodwill for impairment. The fair value of each reporting unit is calculated using the income approach (including DCF) and validated using a market approach with the involvement of a third-party valuation specialist. The Company's reporting units are: Domestic RWCS, Domestic SID, Canada, Europe, Asia Pacific and Latin America. The income approach uses expected future cash flows of each reporting unit and discounts those cash flows to present value. Expected future cash flows are estimated using management assumptions of growth rates, long-term growth rates, capital expenditures and cost efficiencies. Future acquisitions or divestitures are not included in the expected future cash flows. The Company uses a discount rate based on a calculated weighted average cost of capital which is adjusted for each of its reporting units based on size, country and company specific risk premiums. The market approach compares the valuation multiples of similar companies to that of the associated reporting unit. The Company then reconciles the calculated fair values to its market capitalization. The fair value is then compared to its carrying value including goodwill. If the fair value is in excess of its carrying value, the related goodwill is not impaired. If the fair value is less including 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 56 56 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II than carrying value, an impairment charge is recognized, equivalent to the amount that the carrying value exceeds the fair value. The use of different assumptions, estimates or judgments in the goodwill impairment testing process may significantly increase or decrease the estimated fair value of a reporting unit. Generally, changes in DCF estimates would have a similar effect on the estimated fair value of the reporting unit. The Company believes that the estimated fair value used in measuring the impairment was based on reasonable assumptions but future changes in the underlying assumptions could differ due to the inherent judgment in making such estimates. Goodwill impairment charges may be recognized in future periods to the extent changes in factors or circumstances occur, including deterioration in the macro-economic environment or in the equity markets, including the market value of the Company’s common shares, deterioration in its performance or its future projections, or changes in its plans for one or more reporting units. Assets and Liabilities Held-for-Sale: Long-lived assets or disposal groups are classified as held-for-sale when management having the appropriate authority, generally the Company’s Board of Directors or certain of its executive officers, commits to a plan of sale, the disposal group is ready for immediate sale, an active program to locate a buyer has been initiated and the sale is probable and expected to be completed within one year. Once classified as held-for-sale, disposal groups are valued at the lower of their carrying amount or fair value less estimated selling costs. Where the disposal group constitutes substantially all of our operations of a foreign country, the balance in the cumulative translation adjustment associated with that country is included in the carrying value of the disposal group. If the carrying value, including any amount associated with the cumulative translation adjustment, exceeds the fair value less estimated selling costs a held-for- sale impairment charge is recorded to reduce the carrying value. The estimate for fair value is reviewed at the end of every reporting period that the disposal group is classified as held-for-sale and the carrying value adjusted whenever the estimated fair value less costs to sell is less than the carrying value. Acquisitions: The assets acquired and liabilities assumed are recorded on the date of acquisition at their respective estimated fair values, with any excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair values of the net assets acquired recorded as goodwill. We typically use an income method to estimate the fair value of intangible assets, which is based on forecasts of the expected future cash flows attributable to the respective assets. Assumptions inherent in the valuations reflect a consideration of other marketplace participants and include the amount and timing of future cash flows (including expected growth rates and related customer attrition and profitability) and the discount rate applied to the cash flows. The majority of current assets acquired, and liabilities assumed were recorded at their carrying values as of the date of acquisition, as their carrying values approximated their fair values due to their short-term nature. Assigning intangible assets useful lives is based on the period of substantial expected benefit derived from the asset. Insurance and Self-Insurance: The Company’s insurance for workers’ compensation, auto/fleet, general liability, property, and employee- related health care benefits is obtained using high deductible insurance policies, if any, meaning that the Company has retained a significant portion of the risks related to the claims associated with these programs. The estimated exposure for unpaid claims and associated expenses, including incurred but not reported losses, is based on a calculation performed by a third-party actuarial specialist using the Company’s historical claims experience. The accruals for these liabilities could be revised if future occurrences or loss developments significantly differ from the assumptions used. Estimated recoveries associated with insured claims are recognized as assets when the receipt of such amounts is probable. Restructuring Charges: Involuntary termination benefits are accrued upon the commitment to a termination plan and when the benefit arrangement is communicated to affected employees, or when liabilities are determined to be probable and estimable, depending on the existence of a substantive plan for severance or termination. Costs for one-time termination benefits in which the employee is required to render service beyond a minimum retention period in order to receive the benefits are recognized ratably over the future service period. Contract termination costs are recognized when contracts are terminated or when the Company ceases to use the leased facility and no longer derive economic benefit from the contract. All other exit costs are expensed as incurred. Stock-Based Compensation: The Company recognizes stock-based compensation expense based on the estimated grant-date fair value. Expense is generally recognized on a straight-line basis over the period during which awards are expected to vest, however, for certain awards expense may be accelerated. Certain awards provide for accelerated or continued vesting in certain circumstances as defined in the 2021 plan and related grant agreements, including upon death, disability, a change in control, termination in connection with a change in control 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 57 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 57 Table of Contents PART II and the retirement of employees who meet certain service and/or age requirements. The Company presents stock-based compensation expense within SG&A based on the classification of the respective employees' cash compensation. The Company records forfeitures as they occur. Income Taxes: The Company is subject to income taxes in both the U.S. and numerous foreign jurisdictions. The Company computes its provision for income taxes using the asset and liability method, under which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities and for operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the currently enacted tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable income for the years in which those tax assets and liabilities are expected to reverse. Significant judgments are required in order to determine the realizability of these deferred tax assets. In assessing the need for a valuation allowance, the Company evaluates all significant available positive and negative evidence, including historical operating results, estimates of future taxable income and the existence of prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. Changes in the expectations regarding the realization of deferred tax assets could materially impact income tax expense in future periods. Tax liabilities are recognized when, in management’s judgment, an uncertain tax position does not meet the more likely than not (i.e. a likelihood of more than fifty percent) threshold for recognition. For tax positions that meet the more likely than not threshold, a tax liability may still be recognized depending on management’s assessment of how the tax position will ultimately be settled. The Company records interest and penalties on unrecognized tax benefits in the provision for income taxes. Leases: Operating leases are included in Operating lease ROU assets, Operating lease liabilities and Long-term operating lease liabilities on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. Finance leases are included in Property, plant and equipment, Current portion of long-term debt and Long-term debt on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Operating lease ROU assets, Operating lease liabilities and Long-term operating lease liabilities are recognized based on the present value of the future minimum lease payments over the lease term at commencement date. Nearly all of the Company’s lease contracts do not provide a readily determinable implicit rate. For these contracts, the Company uses an estimated incremental borrowing rate, which is based on information available at lease commencement. The Company’s leases generally do not contain material variable lease payments and generally do not contain options to purchase the leased property, any material residual value guarantees, or material restrictive covenants. At commencement, the Operating lease ROU asset is equal to the lease liability and is adjusted for lease incentives and initial direct costs incurred. The Company reviews all options to extend, terminate, or purchase its ROU assets at the commencement of the lease and on an ongoing basis and accounts for these options when they are reasonably certain of being exercised. Lease expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, including payments for common area maintenance and vehicle maintenance costs, which are accounted for separately, based on their underlying nature, for each class of underlying assets. In addition, the Company applies the short-term lease recognition exemption for leases with terms at commencement of not greater than 12 months. Asset Retirement Obligations: The Company establishes assets and liabilities for the present value of estimated future costs to retire long- lived assets at the termination or expiration of a lease. Such assets are amortized over the lease term and the recognized liabilities are accreted to the future value of the estimated retirement costs. The related amortization and accretion expenses are presented within COR if the leased asset is used in the delivery of the Company’s services and the remaining expenses are presented within SG&A on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). Foreign Currency: Assets and liabilities of foreign affiliates that use the local currency as their functional currency are translated at the exchange rate on the last day of the accounting period and income statement accounts are translated at the average rates during the period. Related translation adjustments are reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Foreign currency gains and losses resulting from transactions that are denominated in currencies other than the entity’s functional currency, including foreign currency gains and losses on intercompany balances that are not of a long-term investment nature, are included within Other income (expense), net, on the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 58 58 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes” (“ASU 2019- 12”). ASU 2019-12 attempts to simplify aspects of accounting for franchise taxes and enacted changes in tax laws or rates and clarifies the accounting for transactions that result in a step-up in the tax basis of goodwill. ASU 2019-12 was effective for public business entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020, including interim periods within that fiscal year. The Company adopted ASU 2019-12 on January 1, 2021, and there was no material impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. Financial Instrument Credit Losses In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments” (“ASU 2016-13”) associated with the measurement of credit losses on financial instruments. ASU 2016-13 replaces the prior incurred loss impairment methodology of recognizing credit losses when a loss was probable, with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to assess credit loss estimates. The amended guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2020. The Company recognized a net decrease to Retained earnings in the Consolidated Financial Statements of $2.5 million as of January 1, 2020, for the cumulative effect of adopting ASU 2016-13. Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-15, “Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Internal Use Software (Subtopic 350-40): Customer’s Accounting for Implementation Costs Incurred in a Cloud Computing Arrangement That Is a Service Contract” (“ASU 2018-15”). ASU 2018- 15 aligns the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs incurred in a hosting arrangement that is a service contract with the requirements for capitalizing implementation costs for internal-use software. The accounting for any hosting contract is unchanged. ASU 2018-15 was effective on January 1, 2020 and was adopted prospectively for implementation costs incurred after the date of adoption. The adoption of ASU 2018-15 did not have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements. NOTE 2 – REVENUES FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS The Company provides RWCS, which provide collection and processing of regulated and specialized waste, including medical, pharmaceutical and hazardous waste, for disposal and compliance programs and SID services, which provide for the collection of personal and confidential information for secure destruction and recycling of shredded paper. The Company’s customers typically enter into a contract for the provision of services on a regular and scheduled basis, e.g., weekly, monthly or on an as needed basis over the contract term, e.g. one-time service. Under the contract terms, the Company receives fees based on a monthly, quarterly or annual rate and/or fees based on contractual rates depending upon measures including the volume, weight, and type of waste, number and size of containers collected, and weight and type of shredded paper. Amounts are invoiced based on the terms of the underlying contract either on a regular basis, e.g., monthly or quarterly, or as services are performed and are generally due within a short period of time after invoicing based upon normal terms and conditions for our business type and the geography of the services performed. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 59 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 59 Table of Contents PART II Disaggregation of Revenue The following table presents revenues disaggregated by service and reportable segments: In millions Revenue by Service Regulated Waste and Compliance Services Secure Information Destruction Services Total Revenues North America Regulated Waste and Compliance Services Secure Information Destruction Services Total North America Segment International Regulated Waste and Compliance Services Secure Information Destruction Services Total International Segment Contract Liabilities Year Ended Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ $ $ $ $ $ 1,798.2 $ 906.5 2,704.7 $ 1,468.8 $ 794.3 2,263.1 $ 329.4 $ 112.2 441.6 $ 1,854.0 $ 792.9 2,646.9 $ 1,457.5 $ 679.0 2,136.5 $ 396.5 $ 113.9 510.4 $ 1,930.2 745.3 2,675.5 1,541.9 647.3 2,189.2 388.3 98.0 486.3 Contract liabilities at December 31, 2022, and 2021, were $7.9 million and $9.0 million, respectively. Substantially all of the contract liabilities as of December 31, 2022, are expected to be recognized in Revenues, as the amounts are earned, which will be over the next 12 months. Substantially all of the balance as of December 31, 2021, was recognized as revenue during the year ended December 31, 2022. Contract Acquisition Costs The Company’s incremental direct costs of obtaining a contract, which consist primarily of sales incentives, are deferred and amortized to SG&A over a weighted average estimated period of benefit of 6.5 years. During the year ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 the Company amortized to SG&A $13.9 million, $12.7 million, and $10.6 million, respectively. Total contract acquisition costs, net of accumulated amortization, were classified as follows: In millions Other current assets Other assets Total contract acquisition costs NOTE 3 – ACQUISITION Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ 14.2 $ 40.5 54.7 $ 12.4 34.3 46.7 During the year ended December 31, 2021, the Company acquired a midwest-based regulated waste business in North America. This acquisition is considered to be complementary to existing operations and aligns with the Company’s portfolio optimization strategy. The acquisition was accounted for as a business combination under the applicable guidance. There were no acquisitions in the years ended December 31, 2022, and 2020. The results of operations of the acquired business have been included in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) from the date of the acquisition. Pro forma results of operations for the acquisition were not presented because the pro forma effects were not material to the Company’s consolidated results. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 60 60 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II The following table summarizes the acquisition date fair value of consideration transferred for the acquisition completed: In millions Cash Promissory notes Deferred consideration Total purchase price Year Ended December 31, 2021 $ $ 10.5 21.9 11.0 43.4 The purchase price consideration of $42.8 million and the purchase price allocation was finalized in the second quarter of 2022. The final acquisition date fair value of the total consideration transferred included $10.5 million in cash, $21.3 million in promissory notes, and $11.0 million in deferred consideration. The purchase price consideration was allocated to the assets and liabilities based on fair value as of the acquisition date, with the excess of the purchase price consideration over the net assets acquired of $23.7 million recorded as goodwill based on the strategic benefits to be achieved and is deductible for tax purposes. The Company used a third party specialist to determine the fair value of tangible and intangible assets, which primarily consisted of customer relationships of $17.5 million. The Company recorded final fair value measurement adjustments in the second quarter of 2022, which included a decrease of $2.5 million in intangible assets, a $0.2 million increase in fixed assets, and a $1.7 million increase in goodwill. The following table summarizes the purchase price allocation for the acquisition: In millions Fixed assets Intangibles Goodwill Other assets and liabilities, net Total purchase price Year Ended December 31, 2021 $ $ 0.5 20.0 22.0 0.9 43.4 The customer relationships intangible has an estimated useful life of 15 years. NOTE 4 – RESTRUCTURING, DIVESTITURES, AND ASSET IMPAIRMENTS Restructuring – Operational Optimization During the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company recognized $3.1 million of Operational Optimization costs within our International segment related to the discontinuation of a service line in the U.K. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 61 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 61 Table of Contents Divestitures Stericycle recognized the following Divestiture (gains) losses, net in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss): PART II In millions North America Segment Communication Solutions operations Canada Environmental Solutions operations CRS businesses Domestic Environmental Solutions operations Total North America charges, net International Segment Japan RWCS operations CRS business Mexico RWCS operations Chile RWCS operations Argentina RWCS operations Total International charges, net Divestiture (gains) losses, net North America Segment Divestitures: Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ (15.6) $ — — — (15.6) — — — — — — — $ (12.6) — — (12.6) 10.9 — — — — 10.9 $ (15.6) $ (1.7) $ — — (38.8) 53.8 15.0 — (4.0) (4.9) 5.1 112.4 108.6 123.6 On December 1, 2022, we entered into an agreement and completed the sale of our Communication Solutions business for cash proceeds of approximately $45.0 million. The transaction resulted in a divestiture gain of $15.6 million. In connection with the closing, the Company entered into certain additional ancillary agreements including a TSA, for up to 12 months. The Company allocated and deferred $1.4 million of the proceeds, which will be recognized over the duration of the TSA period offsetting the expenses incurred to deliver the TSA services that are not reimbursed by the buyer. On December 1, 2021, the Company completed the sale of its Environmental Solutions operations in Canada for cash proceeds of $24.4 million pursuant to an agreement entered into in November 2021. The transaction resulted in a fourth quarter divestiture gain of $12.6 million. In connection with the closing, the Company entered into certain additional ancillary agreements, including a TSA, for up to 12 months. On December 1, 2020, the Company entered into an agreement and completed the sale of the Company's global product recall business (Expert Solutions) for cash proceeds of $78.0 million. The Company recognized a divestiture gain of $38.8 million in North America and $4.0 million in International. In connection with the closing, the Company entered into certain additional ancillary agreements, including a TSA for up to 12 months. On April 6, 2020, the Company completed the sale of all of the outstanding equity interests of its U.S. Environmental Solutions business for cash proceeds of $462.5 million, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, dated February 6, 2020. The Purchase Agreement provided for the divestiture of the Company’s U.S. Environmental Solutions business, exclusive of the Company’s healthcare hazardous waste services and unused consumer pharmaceutical take-back services. The U.S. Environmental Solutions business generated revenue in 2019 of $559.6 million, including approximately $100.0 million related to the Retained Business, which is included in the RWCS revenue category within our North America segment. In connection with the Purchase Agreement, the Company entered into an HSA and TSA with the Buyer for a period of 7 years and 6 months, respectively. The Company allocated and deferred a portion of the Transaction proceeds, $17.7 million related to the HSA and $1.5 million related to the TSA, which will be recognized over the applicable duration of the HSA and TSA periods, subject to specific agreement provisions, thereby offsetting the expenses incurred to deliver the respective services. The allocated proceeds are reflected as an operating cash flow on the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows, as they are advances received for services to be provided prospectively. In aggregate, the Company recognized impairment charges and subsequent loss on disposal of $53.8 million. Further, the Company released a $1.7 million benefit associated with contingent consideration related to a prior acquisition agreement connected with the divested business (Fair value - Level 3) that is reported in SG&A in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss). 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 62 62 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II International Segment Divestitures: On January 19, 2023, the Company exited its International container manufacturing operations, for cash proceeds of approximately $2.2 million. In connection with the transaction, the Company entered into certain additional ancillary agreements, including an exclusive two-year supply agreement for containers. On September 1, 2021, the Company completed the sale of its RWCS operations in Japan for cash proceeds of approximately $11.3 million. The transaction resulted in a third quarter divestiture loss of $10.9 million, of which $3.8 million related to the reclassification of accumulated currency translation adjustments to earnings. In December 2020, the Company recognized a $4.9 million gain related to a divestiture of a subsidiary in Mexico, and a $5.1 million charge associated with the divested business in Chile which occurred in 2019, (see Note 12 – Commitments and Contingencies). In August 2020, the Company entered into an agreement and completed the sale of its RWCS operations in Argentina for cash proceeds of approximately $3.9 million. The transaction resulted in a loss on disposal of $112.4 million, of which $87.2 million related to the balance of cumulative currency translation adjustment. Asset Impairments: In millions North America Operational Optimization - SG&A Asset Impairment - COR Asset Impairment - SG&A Total North America Segment International Operational Optimization - SG&A Asset Impairment - COR Asset Impairment - SG&A Total International Segment Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ $ $ $ — $ — 5.5 5.5 $ — $ — — — $ — $ — 2.1 2.1 $ — $ — 4.6 4.6 $ — 6.1 4.2 10.3 2.8 0.7 4.5 8.0 Asset impairments for the year ended December 31, 2022, include charges associated with exiting certain North America office facilities in the U.S. Asset impairments for the year ended December 31, 2021, include charges in International associated with certain customer relationship intangibles in Romania and in North America includes charges associated with a Canada site exit. Asset impairments for the year ended December 31, 2020, include charges in North America associated with rationalization of software application assets and intangible assets as a result of a discontinuation of a certain service line, and International includes charges associated with certain property, plant and equipment assets and permits primarily in the U.K. Operational optimization related impairments are associated with the Company's actions to reduce operating costs and optimize operations. In the year ended December 31, 2020, International includes charges primarily related to the discontinuation of a service line in the U.K. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 63 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 63 Table of Contents PART II NOTE 5 – PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT Property, plant and equipment consisted of the following: In millions Land and improvements Building and improvements Machinery and equipment Fleet vehicles Containers Office equipment and furniture Software and Enterprise Resource Planning system Construction in progress Total property, plant and equipment Less: accumulated depreciation Property, plant and equipment, net NOTE 6 – LEASES December 31, 2022 2021 $ 50.7 $ 235.7 325.9 119.3 276.4 41.0 253.1 71.3 1,373.4 (657.7) $ 715.7 $ 42.4 219.7 318.0 142.0 255.5 51.0 266.3 74.6 1,369.5 (658.5) 711.0 The Company has operating leases for fleet vehicles, transfer sites, processing facilities, corporate and regional offices, and certain equipment. The components of net lease cost were as follows: In millions Operating lease cost Finance lease cost: Amortization of leased assets Interest on lease liabilities Net lease cost Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 110.8 $ 108.2 $ 3.2 1.0 3.4 1.1 115.0 $ 112.7 $ 114.2 4.7 1.9 120.8 $ $ Short-term lease costs were $25.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2022. Variable lease cost and sublease income were not material during the years ended December 31, 2022, and 2021. Supplemental cash flow information related to leases were as follows: In millions Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases Operating cash flows from finance leases (interest) Financing cash flows from finance leases (principal) $ Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for lease obligations: Operating leases Finance leases Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 109.7 $ 1.1 3.1 165.2 — 107.1 $ 1.1 3.9 96.8 0.5 117.1 1.9 4.3 79.8 1.1 Finance lease assets, net of accumulated amortization, were $14.0 million and $19.5 million as of December 31, 2022, and 2021, respectively, and are included in Property, Plant and Equipment, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheet. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 64 64 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II Information regarding lease terms and discount rates were as follows: In millions Weighted average remaining lease term (years): Operating leases Finance leases Weighted average discount rate: Operating leases Finance leases Maturities of lease liabilities as of December 31, 2022, were as follows: In millions 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 Thereafter Total lease payments Less: Interest Present value of lease liabilities NOTE 7 – GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS Goodwill: The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill were as follows: In millions Balance as of December 31, 2020 Acquisition Divestitures Changes due to foreign currency fluctuations and other Balance as of December 31, 2021 Purchase accounting adjustments for prior year acquisition (Note 3) Changes due to foreign currency fluctuations and other Balance as of December 31, 2022 Accumulated non-cash impairment charges by segment were as follows: In millions North America International Total December 31, 2022 2021 5.7 15.6 5.5 % 5.3 % 5.9 14.4 4.2 % 5.2 % Operating Leases $ 110.1 $ 99.8 78.9 57.7 45.2 97.4 489.1 68.9 $ 420.2 $ Finance Leases 3.9 2.7 2.5 2.2 1.9 18.0 31.2 13.0 18.2 North America International Total $ $ 2,448.8 $ 22.0 — — 2,470.8 1.7 — 370.5 $ — (6.0) (19.6) 344.9 — (32.5) 2,472.5 $ 312.4 $ 2,819.3 22.0 (6.0) (19.6) 2,815.7 1.7 (32.5) 2,784.9 December 31, 2022 2021 $ $ 134.8 $ 175.6 310.4 $ 421.1 175.6 596.7 Goodwill Impairment Assessment The Company performed its annual goodwill impairment assessment as of October 1, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively, and determined no reporting units' carrying values were in excess of their estimated fair value. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 65 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 65 Table of Contents PART II The fair value of reporting units, used in both the annual and any interim goodwill impairment assessments in 2022, 2021, and 2020, are classified as Level 3 measurements within the fair value hierarchy due to significant unobservable inputs such as discount rates, projections of revenue, cost of revenue and operating expense growth rates, long-term growth rates and income tax rates. The fair value methodology is described further in Note 1 – Basis of Presentation and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies. Other Intangible Assets: The values of other intangible assets were as follows: In millions Amortizable intangibles: Customer relationships Covenants not-to-compete Operating permits Tradenames Other Indefinite-lived intangibles: Operating permits Tradenames Total 2022 2021 December 31, Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Value Gross Carrying Amount Accumulated Amortization Net Value $ 1,242.2 $ 2.6 12.3 1.1 1.8 67.2 307.2 807.6 $ 2.6 11.9 0.6 0.6 — — 434.6 $ — 0.4 0.5 1.2 67.2 307.2 1,297.6 $ 3.5 12.1 3.6 0.6 70.0 313.7 722.9 $ 3.2 8.5 1.4 0.6 — — $ 1,634.4 $ 823.3 $ 811.1 $ 1,701.1 $ 736.6 $ 574.7 0.3 3.6 2.2 — 70.0 313.7 964.5 The changes in the carrying amount of intangible assets were as follows: In millions Balance as of December 31, 2020 Acquisition Divestitures Impairments Amortization Changes due to foreign currency fluctuations Balance as of December 31, 2021 Purchase accounting adjustments for prior year acquisition (Note 3) Acquisition Divestitures Impairments Amortization Changes due to foreign currency fluctuations Balance as of December 31, 2022 $ $ Our estimated intangible asset amortization expense for each of the next five years is as follows for the years ending December 31: In millions 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 $ Total 1,087.4 20.0 (10.9) (4.6) (117.9) (9.5) 964.5 (2.5) 1.2 (12.6) — (124.0) (15.5) 811.1 111.9 109.7 90.6 30.2 23.1 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 66 66 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II NOTE 8 – ACCRUED LIABILITIES Accrued liabilities consisted of the following at December 31: In millions Compensation Self-insurance Taxes Interest Professional fees Disposal and landfill liabilities Contingent liability Other Total accrued liabilities NOTE 9 – DEBT Long-term debt consisted of the following at December 31: In millions $1.2 billion Credit Facility, due in 2026 $200 million term loan, due in 2026 $600 million Senior Notes, due in 2024 $500 million Senior Notes, due in 2029 Promissory notes and deferred consideration, weighted average maturity of 3.4 years and 3.7 years for 2022 and 2021, respectively (Note 4) Foreign bank debt, weighted average maturity of 5.0 years for 2022 and 6.0 years for 2021 Obligations under finance leases (Note 6) Total debt Less: current portion of total debt Less: unamortized debt issuance costs Long-term portion of total debt Credit Agreement $ 2022 2021 65.0 $ 78.8 30.2 27.7 8.3 2.0 15.7 16.4 91.2 84.1 37.7 26.3 9.9 2.9 92.0 15.5 $ 244.1 $ 359.6 2022 2021 $ 154.1 $ 200.0 600.0 500.0 44.7 0.4 18.2 1,517.4 22.3 11.1 $ 1,484.0 $ 247.0 200.0 600.0 500.0 54.6 0.7 21.4 1,623.7 19.9 14.0 1,589.8 The Company renewed its Credit Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2021, that amended and extended its previous credit agreement dated November 17, 2017. The Credit Agreement provides for a term loan facility under which the Company has outstanding term loans in an aggregate principal amount of $200.0 million and a revolving credit facility of $1.2 billion. The Term Loan and the Credit Facility will mature on September 30, 2026. If the Company's 2024 Senior Notes are still outstanding 91 days prior to their respective maturity date (the “Springing Maturity Date”), then the Credit Agreement maturity date will be the Springing Maturity Date. The proceeds of the Term Loan Facility and loans under the Revolving Credit Facility were used to refinance the loans and other credit extensions that were made under the previous credit agreement. In the year ended December 31, 2021, in connection with the Credit Agreement, the Company incurred issuance costs of $4.1 million, of which $0.2 million was charged to Interest expense, net. The remainder was capitalized as unamortized debt issuance costs and is being amortized to Interest expense, net over the remaining term of the Credit Agreement. A portion, $0.5 million, of unamortized debt issuance costs associated with the previous credit agreement was charged to Interest expense, net. The obligations under the Credit Agreement are secured by substantially all of the assets of the Company and all of its material domestic subsidiaries and are guaranteed by certain subsidiaries of the Company, excluding certain excluded subsidiaries pursuant to the Credit Agreement. The Credit Agreement contains a financial covenant requiring maintenance of a minimum Consolidated Interest Coverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of 3.00 to 1.00 as of the end of any fiscal quarter. The Credit Agreement contains a financial covenant requiring maintenance of a maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of 4.25 to 1.00 in any fiscal quarter ending before September 30, 2022 and 4.00 to 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 67 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 67 Table of Contents PART II 1.00 for any fiscal quarter ending on or after September 30, 2022, with a leverage holiday if a permitted acquisition or series of related permitted acquisitions involving aggregate consideration in excess of $200 million (a “Material Acquisition”) occurs during a fiscal quarter. If a Material Acquisition occurs, the Company shall have the right to increase the maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio covenant to 4.50 to 1.00 during such fiscal quarter and the subsequent three fiscal quarters. First Amendment On April 26, 2022, we entered into a First Amendment which amends, among other provisions, the Credit Agreement to modify the definition of Consolidated EBITDA to add back certain charges in connection with the FCPA Settlement in an aggregate amount not to exceed (i) $61.0 million for the fiscal quarter ended September 30, 2021, (ii) $19.7 million for the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2021, and (iii) $9.2 million for the fiscal quarter ended March 31, 2022. The Credit Agreement retains, among other covenants, its financial covenant requiring maintenance of a maximum Consolidated Leverage Ratio of 4.00 to 1.00 for any fiscal quarter ending on or after September 30, 2022, which includes, among other provisions, continuation of $100.0 million cash add backs to EBITDA through December 31, 2022, with no further add backs thereafter. In April 2022, the Company incurred deferred issuance costs of $0.4 million relating to the First Amendment. As of December 31, 2022, the Company was in compliance with its financial covenants. The Credit Agreement Defined Debt Leverage Ratio was 3.28 to 1.00, which was below the allowed maximum ratio of 4.00 to 1.00 as set forth in the Credit Agreement. The Applicable Interest Rate for loans depends on the Consolidated Leverage Ratio for the Company. The tiered pricing is based on the leverage grid provided in the Credit Agreement. Based on the then current Consolidated Leverage Ratio, the initial pricing under the Credit Agreement was set at an Applicable Rate of 1.3% for Eurocurrency Rate/SONIA Daily Rate Loans and 0.3% for Base Rate Loans, and the facility fee is set at a rate of 0.2% times the actual daily amount of the Revolving Credit Facility regardless of usage. The weighted average interest rates on long-term debt, excluding finance leases were as follows: $1.2 billion Credit Facility, due in 2026 (variable rate) $200 million term loan, due in 2026 (variable rate) $600 million Senior Notes, due in 2024 (fixed rate) $500 million Senior Notes, due in 2029 (fixed rate) Promissory notes and deferred consideration (fixed rate) Foreign bank debt (fixed rate) Senior Notes December 31, 2022 2021 5.92 % 5.88 % 5.38 % 3.88 % 3.49 % 9.80 % 1.76 % 1.40 % 5.38 % 3.88 % 3.19 % 9.80 % On November 24, 2020, the Company issued $500.0 million at par of aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes, due January 2029, which are unsecured and bear interest at 3.88% per annum, payable on January 15 and July 15 of each year (the “2020 Senior Notes”). The 2020 Senior Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by each of the issuer’s current and, subject to certain exceptions, future domestic subsidiaries that guarantee the issuer’s senior credit facility, term loan facility, or certain other debt of the issuer or the subsidiary guarantors. The 2020 Senior Notes will be redeemable, in whole or in part, at any time, and from time to time, on or after November 15, 2023, at the redemption prices specified under “Description of Notes—Optional Redemption”, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, such redemption date. At any time and from time to time prior to November 15, 2023, the notes may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount thereof, plus a “make-whole” premium, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. In addition, the issuer may redeem up to 40% of the notes at any time and from time to time before November 15, 2023, with the net cash proceeds from certain equity offerings at a redemption price equal to 103.88%, plus accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to, but excluding, the redemption date. In connection with the issuance of the 2020 Senior Notes, the Company incurred $5.8 million of direct issuance costs, which have been capitalized in unamortized debt issuance costs and are being amortized to Interest expense, net over the term of the 2020 Senior Notes. During 2019, the Company issued $600.0 million at par of aggregate principal amount of Senior Notes, due July 2024, which are unsecured and bear interest at 5.38% per annum, payable on January 15 and July 15 of each year (the “2019 Senior Notes”). The 2019 Senior Notes are fully and unconditionally guaranteed by each of the 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 68 68 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II Company’s current domestic subsidiaries that guarantee the Company’s senior credit facility. The Indenture limits the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to incur certain liens, enter into certain sale and leaseback transactions, and consolidate, merge or sell all or substantially all of their assets. The 2019 Senior Notes will be redeemable, at the option of the Company, in whole or in part, at any time on or after July 15, 2021, at the redemption prices specified in the Indenture along with accrued interest. In connection with the issuance of the 2019 Senior Notes, the Company incurred $7.1 million of debt issuance costs, which have been capitalized in unamortized debt issuance costs and are being amortized to Interest expense, net over the term of the 2019 Senior Notes. In the event of both a change of control of the Company and a rating downgrade by the rating agencies, the Company will be required to offer to repurchase all outstanding 2020 and 2019 Senior Notes at 101% of their principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. The Indentures contains customary events of default, which include (subject in certain cases to customary grace and cure periods), nonpayment of principal or interest; breach of other agreements in the Indenture; failure to pay certain other indebtedness; certain events of bankruptcy or insolvency; failure to pay certain final judgments; and failure of certain guarantees to be enforceable. Other Matters Amounts committed to outstanding letters of credit and the unused portion of our Senior Credit Facility were as follows: In millions Outstanding stand-by letters of credit under Senior Credit Facility Unused portion of the Revolving Credit Facility December 31, 2022 2021 $ 60.1 $ 985.7 71.4 881.5 Payments due on long-term debt, excluding finance lease obligations, during each of the five years subsequent to December 31, 2022, are as follows: In millions 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 Thereafter Total $ $ 19.4 617.2 12.9 349.1 0.5 500.0 1,499.1 NOTE 10 – INCOME TAXES The U.S. and International components of income (loss) before income taxes consisted of the following: In millions U.S. International Total income (loss) before income taxes Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ $ 84.6 $ (5.7) 78.9 $ (14.0) $ 14.7 0.7 $ 65.6 (121.6) (56.0) 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 69 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 69 Table of Contents PART II Significant components of the Company’s income tax (expense) benefit are as follows: In millions Current U.S. - federal U.S. - state and local International Deferred U.S. - federal U.S. - state and local International Total (expense) benefit Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ 8.1 $ (2.3) (4.6) 1.2 (23.7) (1.9) 2.0 (23.6) 4.9 $ (1.4) (6.4) (2.9) (17.0) (4.6) (3.0) (24.6) $ (22.4) $ (27.5) $ 108.3 (2.9) (6.0) 99.4 (85.9) (13.7) 0.3 (99.3) 0.1 A reconciliation of the income tax provision computed at the U.S. federal statutory rate to the effective tax rate is as follows: U.S. federal statutory income tax rate Effect of: State and local taxes, net of federal tax effect International tax rates FCPA Settlement accrual and other penalty matters CARES Act and other tax matters Valuation allowance Divestitures Stock-based compensation and executive compensation disallowance Statute of limitations lapses Other Effective tax rate Deferred tax liabilities and assets were as follows: In millions Deferred tax liabilities: Property, plant and equipment Goodwill and intangibles Leases - right of use asset Other Total deferred tax liabilities Deferred tax assets: Accrued liabilities Leases - right of use liability Net operating tax loss carry-forwards Interest expense carry-forward Other Less: valuation allowance Total deferred tax assets Net deferred tax liabilities Year Ended December 31, 2022 21.0 % 1.9 % (4.2 %) 3.2 % — % 11.0 % (0.8 %) 9.4 % (13.0 %) (0.1 %) 28.4 % 2021 21.0 % 204.2 % (864.4 %) 3,118.2 % (268.4 %) 1,727.9 % (708.4 %) 908.6 % (584.7 %) 275.0 % 3,829.0 % 2020 21.0 % (15.1 %) 10.9 % — % 79.2 % (26.5 %) (62.7 %) (11.9 %) 12.6 % (7.3 %) 0.2 % December 31, 2022 2021 $ (94.4) $ (400.6) (94.8) (17.3) (607.1) 59.5 100.2 63.4 23.4 14.0 (67.2) 193.3 $ (413.8) $ (87.2) (394.4) (89.9) (15.7) (587.2) 58.6 95.1 73.4 15.3 11.7 (61.4) 192.7 (394.5) The valuation allowance increased $5.8 million, during the year ended December 31, 2022, primarily due to non-benefited international losses. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 70 70 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II In 2020, in response to the pandemic, the President signed into law the CARES Act, which was a substantial tax-and-spending package. As a result of the corresponding legislative changes, in 2020, we recognized a $44.4 million tax benefit related to our ability to carryback net operating losses to prior years that had higher tax rates. The Company received related cash refunds of $112.2 million during 2020, and $1.0 million during 2021. Other tax provisions and stimulus measures have been enacted by U.S. and international jurisdictions, either before or after December 31, 2022, which the Company continues to evaluate and apply, as applicable. The Company filed a PFA with the IRS related to a claim under Internal Revenue Code Section 1341 concerning the tax rate to be applied to the SQ Settlement on the Company’s 2018 tax return. As a result of the enactment of the CARES Act, the Company was able to realize a benefit at the higher tax rate in prior years on a portion of the SQ Settlement. In 2020, in consideration of the CARES Act, the Company revised the PFA, a portion of the long-term receivable previously established for the Section 1341 claim was reclassified to a current income tax receivable and the related uncertain tax position was released as part of the tax benefit recognized in 2020 (in part as described above). Subsequently in 2020, the Company amended the 2018 tax return to reduce the Section 1341 benefit as a result of discussions with the IRS as part of the PFA program. Consequently, the remaining long-term receivable established for the Section 1341 claim and the corresponding uncertain tax position were reclassified to a current income tax receivable and current income tax liability, respectively. In 2021, the Company was advised that the IRS completed its review of the 2018 tax return and took no exception to the originally recorded Section 1341 benefit. Consequently, the Company recorded a tax benefit of approximately $5.5 million in 2021, associated with the Section 1341 claim and received the related refund in 2021. As of December 31, 2022, the Company plans to repatriate any undistributed earnings of its first-tier international subsidiaries back to the U.S. only to the extent that they were previously taxed under the Tax Act, and future repatriations may take the form of distributions from previously taxed earnings and profits and/or return of capital distributions. All other undistributed earnings, to the extent there are any, will remain permanently reinvested to support existing working capital needs in the international subsidiaries. A withholding tax, unrealized foreign exchange gain, and state income tax accrual has been recorded, as applicable. The Company has not provided for deferred taxes on outside basis differences for investments in its international subsidiaries that are unrelated to unremitted earnings as these basis differences will be indefinitely reinvested. A determination of the unrecognized deferred taxes related to these other components of outstanding basis difference is not practicable to calculate. At December 31, 2022, the NOL carry-forwards from both international and U.S. operations are approximately $223.6 million and certain of these NOL carry-forwards begin to expire in 2023. The tax benefits of these NOLs are approximately $63.4 million at December 31, 2022, on which valuation allowances of $42.3 million were recognized offsetting such tax benefits. After the recognition of valuation allowances, the majority of the remaining NOLs are attributable to the Company’s U.S. operations. The changes in the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets is as follows: In millions Balances at beginning of period Additions Charged to Income Tax Expense Other Changes to Reserves (2) (1) Balances at end of period Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ $ 61.4 $ 6.8 (1.0) 67.2 $ 52.0 $ 10.5 (1.1) 61.4 $ 39.4 17.8 (5.2) 52.0 (1) (2) 2022 and 2021 amounts include valuation allowances on business operations (including the U.K., Brazil, and Spain). 2020 amount includes valuation allowances on business operations (including the U.K. and Brazil). 2022, 2021 and 2020 amounts consist primarily of currency translation adjustments. The Company files income tax returns in the U.S., in various states and in certain international jurisdictions. We generally are no longer subject to U.S. federal, state, local, or international income tax examinations by tax authorities for years prior to 2015. The Company has recognized liabilities to cover certain uncertain tax positions. Such uncertain tax positions relate to additional taxes that the Company may be required to pay in various tax jurisdictions. During the course of examinations by various taxing authorities, proposed adjustments may be asserted. The Company evaluates such items on a case-by-case basis and adjusts the accrual for uncertain tax positions as deemed necessary, including 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 71 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 71 Table of Contents PART II presenting the accrual as a reduction of a deferred tax asset for a tax loss or tax credit carryforward, when such carryforward is available and permitted to be utilized to settle the tax liability. The total amount of unrecognized tax benefit at December 31, 2022, is $10.0 million. The amount of uncertain tax positions that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate is approximately $8.2 million. We recognized interest and penalties related to income tax reserves as a benefit in the amount of $1.8 million, a charge of $0.4 million, and a benefit of $1.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, respectively, as a component of income tax expense. It is reasonably possible that our unrecognized tax benefits will decrease by as much as $1.0 million to $5.0 million in the next 12 months primarily due to statute lapses and the progress of U.S. federal, state, and international audits. The following table summarizes the aggregate changes in unrecognized tax benefits: In millions Unrecognized tax positions as of December 31, 2020 Gross decreases - tax positions in prior periods Gross increases - current period tax positions Settlements Lapse of statute of limitations Unrecognized tax positions as of December 31, 2021 Gross decreases - tax positions in prior periods Gross increases - current period tax positions Settlements Lapse of statute of limitations Unrecognized tax positions as of December 31, 2022 NOTE 11 – FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS $ $ 24.3 (5.7) 5.3 (0.2) (4.0) 19.7 (0.6) 0.6 (1.4) (8.3) 10.0 Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The fair value hierarchy distinguishes between (1) market participant assumptions developed based on market data obtained from independent sources (observable inputs) and (2) an entity's own assumptions about market participant assumptions developed based on the best information available in the circumstances (unobservable inputs). The fair value hierarchy consists of three broad levels as described below: Level 1 – Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (highest priority). Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Level 3 – Inputs that are generally unobservable and typically reflect management’s estimate of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability (lowest priority). Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement requires judgment and may affect the valuation of assets and liabilities and their placement within the fair value hierarchy levels. The impact of our creditworthiness and non- performance risk has been considered in the fair value measurements noted below. There were no movements of items between fair value hierarchies in the years presented. The carrying values of certain financial instruments, primarily including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and short-term borrowings, approximate their estimated fair values due to their short-term nature, and are within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 72 72 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II Our contingent consideration liabilities are reassessed at the end of every reporting period and are recorded using Level 3 inputs. The amounts are classified as either other current liabilities or other liabilities and are presented as follows as of December 31: In millions Other current liabilities Other liabilities Total contingent consideration 2022 2021 $ $ — $ 5.3 5.3 $ — 5.3 5.3 Contingent consideration represents amounts expected to be paid as part of acquisition consideration only if certain future events occur. The Company arrives at the fair value of contingent consideration by applying a weighted probability of potential payment outcomes. In addition to assets and liabilities that are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis, the Company is required to record certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, generally as result of acquisitions, the classification of disposal groups as held-for-sale, or the re-measurement of assets resulting in impairment charges. See Note 3 – Acquisition, Note 4 – Restructuring, Divestitures, and Asset Impairments for further discussion. These nonrecurring fair values are generated principally using Level 3 inputs. Fair Value of Debt: The estimated fair value of the Company’s debt obligations, using Level 2 inputs, compared to the carrying amount was as follows: In billions Fair value of debt obligations Carrying value of debt obligations December 31, 2022 2021 $ 1.43 $ 1.52 1.63 1.62 The fair values were estimated using an income approach by applying market interest rates for comparable instruments. NOTE 12 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES Asset Retirement Obligations The Company has asset retirement obligations that it is required to perform under law or contract once an asset is permanently taken out of service. Most of these obligations are not expected to be paid until many years in the future and are expected to be funded from general company resources at the time of removal. At December 31, 2022, and 2021, the total asset retirement obligation liabilities recognized were $18.8 million and $19.2 million, respectively and were included in Other long-term liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Letters of Credit, Surety Bonds and Bank Guarantees As of December 31, 2022, and 2021, the Company had $60.1 million and $71.4 million, respectively, of stand-by letters of credit outstanding against our senior credit facility (see Note 9 – Debt). In addition, at December 31, 2022, and 2021, we had, $32.3 million and $32.5 million, respectively, of surety bonds and $18.5 million and $24.1 million, respectively, of bank guarantees. The bank guarantees are issued mostly by the Company’s international subsidiaries for various purposes, including leases, seller notes, contracts and permits. The surety bonds are used for performance and financial guarantees. Neither the bank guarantees nor the surety bonds affect the Company’s ability to use its various lines of credit. Indemnifications In the ordinary course of business and in connection with the sale of assets and businesses and other transactions, we often indemnify our counterparties against certain liabilities that may arise in connection with the transaction or that are related to events and activities prior to or following a transaction (see Note 4 – Restructuring, Divestitures, and Asset Impairments). If the indemnified party were to make a successful claim pursuant to the terms of the indemnification, we may be required to reimburse the loss. These indemnifications are generally subject to various 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 73 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 73 Table of Contents PART II restrictions and limitations. Historically, we have not paid material amounts under these provisions and, as of December 31, 2022, these indemnifications obligations were not material. NOTE 13 – RETIREMENT AND OTHER EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PROGRAMS Defined Contribution Plans: The Company has a 401(k) defined contribution retirement savings plan (the “Plan”) covering substantially all domestic employees. Each participant may elect to defer a portion of his or her compensation subject to certain limitations. The Company may contribute up to 50% of compensation contributed to the Plan by each employee up to a maximum of $3,000 per annum. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the Company's contributions were $10.0 million, $9.2 million and $8.7 million, respectively. The Company also has several foreign defined contribution plans, which require the Company to contribute a percentage of the participating employee’s salary according to local regulations. During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the Company's total contributions were $4.4 million, $4.7 million and $4.6 million, respectively. Multiemployer Defined Benefit Pension Plans: The Company participates in two trustee-managed multiemployer defined benefit pension plans (“Multiemployer Pension Plans”) for employees who are covered by collective bargaining agreements. The risks of participating in these Multiemployer Pension Plans are different from single-employer plans in that (i) assets contributed to the Multiemployer Pension Plan by one employer may be used to provide benefits to employees or former employees of other participating employers; (ii) if a participating employer stops contributing to the Multiemployer Pension Plans, the unfunded obligations of the Multiemployer Pension Plan may be required to be assumed by the remaining participating employers and (iii) if the Company chooses to stop participating in any of its Multiemployer Pension Plans or if any event should significantly reduce or eliminate the need to participate (such as employee layoffs or closure of a location), the Company may be required to pay those Multiemployer Pension Plans a withdrawal amount based on the underfunded status of the Multiemployer Pension Plan. Based upon the most recent information available, one of the Multiemployer Pension Plans the Company participates in is in “critical” status due to an accumulated funding deficiency and has adopted a rehabilitation plan to address the funding deficiency position. The following table outlines the Company’s participation in Multiemployer Pension Plans: Pension Protection Act Zone Status (1), (3) Company Contributions (4) (in millions) Plan Employer ID Number Plan # 2022 2021 FIP/RP Status (2) 2022 2021 Expiration Date of Collective Bargaining Agreements Pension Plan Private Sanitation Union, Local 813 IBT Nurses And Local 813 IBT Retirement Plan 13-1975659 13-3628926 1 1 Red/ Critical Green Red/ Critical Green Implemented $ 0.6 $ N/A $ 0.1 $ 0.6 — various dates various dates (1) (2) (3) Zone status is defined by the Department of Labor and the Pension Protection Act and represents the level at which the plan is funded. Plans in the red zone are less than 65% funded, while plans in the green zone are at least 80% funded. Status is based on information received from the Multiemployer Pension Plans and is certified by a Multiemployer Pension Plan actuary. The “FIP/RP Status” column indicates Multiemployer Pension Plans for which a Funding Improvement Plan (“FIP”) or a Rehabilitation Plan (“RP”) has been implemented or is pending. The most recent Pension Protection Act zone status available in 2022 and 2021, is for the plans’ year-end December 31, 2021. A Multiemployer Pension Plan that has been certified as endangered, seriously endangered or critical may begin to levy a statutory surcharge on contribution rates. Once authorized, the surcharge is at the rate of 5% for the first 12 months and 10% for any periods thereafter, until certain conditions are met. Contributing employers, however, may eliminate the surcharge by entering into a collective bargaining agreement that meets the requirements of the applicable FIP or RP. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 74 74 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II (4) The Company was listed in the Form 5500 for the Pension Plan Private Sanitation Union Local 813 IBT as individually significant for contributing more than 5% of total contributions to such plan during the plan years ended December 31, 2021. At the date these financial statements were issued, Forms 5500 were not available for the Multiemployer Pension Plans for the year ended December 31, 2022. NOTE 14 – STOCK BASED COMPENSATION During the year ended December 31, 2022, the remaining shares authorized but not yet issued in all prior incentive stock plans became part of one plan: the 2021 Plan. The 2021 Plan provides for the grant of ISOs, RSUs and PSUs intended to qualify under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code. The 2021 Plan authorizes awards to the Company’s officers, employees and consultants and to the Company’s directors. At December 31, 2022, the Company had reserved a total of 5,491,101 shares for issuance under its 2021 Plan. The exercise price per share of an option granted under the 2021 Plan may not be less than the closing price of a share of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The maximum term of an option granted under the 2021 Plan may not exceed 8 or 10 years. New shares are issued upon exercise of stock options. Employee Stock Purchase Plan: In October 2000, our Board of Directors adopted the ESPP, which our stockholders approved in May 2001 and was made effective as of July 1, 2001. The ESPP authorizes 1,799,999 shares of our common stock, which substantially all U.S. employees may purchase through payroll deductions at a price equal to 85% of the fair market values of the stock as of the end of the 6 months offering period. An employee's payroll deductions and stock purchase, may not exceed $5,000 during any offering period. During 2022, 2021, and 2020, 98,521 shares, 73,471 shares and 70,120 shares, respectively, were issued through the ESPP. At December 31, 2022, we had 415,713 shares available for issuance under the ESPP plan. Stock-Based Compensation Expense: During 2022, there were no changes to our stock compensation plan or modifications to outstanding stock-based awards which would change the value of any awards outstanding. The following table presents the total stock-based compensation expense classified in SG&A resulting from stock option awards, RSUs, PSUs and ESPP included in the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss): In millions Stock options RSUs PSUs ESPP Total Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 0.8 $ 2.0 $ 17.1 6.5 0.7 14.8 9.6 0.7 25.1 $ 27.1 $ 3.2 15.6 5.9 0.8 25.5 $ $ During the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020, the impact of forfeitures was a reduction to expense of $2.4 million, $3.3 million, and $4.9 million, respectively. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 75 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 75 Table of Contents Stock Options: Options granted to non-employee directors vest in one year and options granted to officers and employees generally vest over five years. Expense related to options with graded vesting is recognized using the straight-line method over the vesting period. Stock option activity is summarized as follows: Number of Options Weighted Average Exercise Price per Share Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) Total Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions) Outstanding as of January 1, 2022 Granted Exercised Forfeited Cancelled or expired Outstanding as of December 31, 2022 Exercisable as of December 31, 2022 1,918,530 $ — $ (6,284) $ (3,274) $ (740,302) $ 1,168,670 $ 1,123,409 $ 96.25 — 48.53 60.76 99.43 94.61 96.24 2.01 $ 1.93 $ 0.4 0.4 At December 31, 2022, there was $0.4 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.8 years. The following table sets forth the intrinsic value of options exercised: In millions Total exercise intrinsic value of options exercised Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ — $ 1.1 $ 0.5 The exercise intrinsic value represents the total pre-tax intrinsic value (the difference between the fair value on the trading day the option was exercised and the exercise price associated with the respective option). There were no stock options granted in the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020. Restricted Stock Units: The fair value of RSUs is based on the closing price of the Company's common stock on the date of grant and is amortized to expense over the service period. RSUs vest at the end of three or five years. The 2021 Plan includes a share reserve for RSUs granted at a 1 - 1 ratio. RSUs activity is as follows: Non-vested as of January 1, 2022 Granted Vested and Released Forfeited Non-vested as of December 31, 2022 Number of Units Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Life (in years) Total Aggregate Intrinsic Value (in millions) 556,322 $ 330,920 $ (250,064) $ (53,417) $ 583,761 $ 60.79 56.15 59.49 59.26 58.85 1.27 $ 29.1 At December 31, 2022, there was $16.0 million of total unrecognized compensation expense related to RSUs, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.27 years. Performance-Based Restricted Stock Units: Our executive officers PSU program was introduced in 2017. PSUs issued to executive officers through 2019 vest, or not, in three equal annual installments based on the achievement of pre-determined annual earnings per share performance goals as approved by the Compensation Committee. Each of the PSU’s granted represent the right to receive one share of the Company’s common stock at a specified future date. Our PSU program was expanded in 2020 to include employees in additional levels below executive officer. PSUs issued in 2020 and 2021 vest, or not, at the end of the three-year period following the grant date based on the 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 76 76 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents achievement of pre-determined annual earnings per share and annual return on invested capital performance goals as approved by the Compensation Committee (each metric is weighted at 50% of the whole). At the end of the three-year period, the results from each of the three years are averaged to calculate one achievement percentage number, and then a relative total shareholder return (rTSR) modifier is applied to that number in order to determine the final share amount, based on Stericycle’s stock’s market performance relative to performance of the S&P MidCap 400 Index. The modifier can adjust the final shares issued by applying a multiplier of 75% - 125%. We use the Monte Carlo simulation model to determine the fair value of PSU's, including the effect of the rTSR modifier, once the related performance criteria have been established. Beginning with the 2022 PSU awards, the three-year performance period and metrics remain the same. However, at the end of the three-year period, the results of each metric are evaluated against a pre-determined three-year target to calculate an achievement percentage. Evaluating performance of the two metrics over a three-year period replaced the method of averaging the performance of the two metrics each of the three years. In addition, certain employees have been granted PSUs which vest, or not, in four equal annual installments based on the achievement of performance goals related to the ERP and system modernization, as approved by the Compensation Committee. Compensation cost for the PSUs during the performance period is recognized based on the estimated achievement of the performance criteria, which is evaluated on a quarterly basis. Each of the PSU’s granted represent the right to receive one share of the Company’s common stock at a specified future date. PSU activity is as follows: Non-vested as of January 1, 2022 Granted Vested and Released Forfeited Non-vested as of December 31, 2022 Number of Units Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value 322,342 $ 151,123 $ (74,651) $ (15,574) $ 383,240 $ 57.79 56.30 57.08 57.75 56.32 The table above reflects the number of shares at target which could be earned upon vesting of the PSU’s for which performance goals have been established. At December 31, 2022, 36,945 additional PSUs exist, which will vest in tranches based upon achievement of performance goals to be established for fiscal year 2023. The fair value of units (RSUs and PSUs) that vested during the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021, and 2020 was $18.0 million, $18.9 million, and $18.2 million, respectively. NOTE 15 – EARNINGS (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE Basic earnings (loss) per share is computed by dividing Net income (loss) by the number of weighted average common shares outstanding during the reporting period. Diluted earnings per share is calculated to give effect to all potentially dilutive common shares that were outstanding during the reporting period, only in the periods in which such effect is dilutive. The following table shows the effect of stock-based awards on the weighted average number of shares outstanding used in calculating diluted earnings per share: In millions, except per share data Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic Incremental shares outstanding related to stock-based awards Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted (1) Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 92.1 0.3 92.4 91.8 — 91.8 91.5 — 91.5 (1) In periods of net loss, stock-based awards are anti-dilutive and therefore excluded from the earnings (loss) per share calculation. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 77 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 77 Table of Contents PART II Anti-dilutive stock-based awards excluded from the computation of diluted earnings (loss) per share using the treasury stock method includes the following: In thousands Option awards RSU awards Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 1,241 45 1,897 63 3,017 4 PSUs are offered to key employees and are subject to achievement of specified performance conditions. Contingently issuable shares are excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share based on current period results. The shares would not be issuable if the end of the year were the end of the contingency period. If such goals are not met, no compensation expense is recognized, and any previously recognized compensation expense is reversed. NOTE 16 – ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS The following table sets forth the changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss: In millions Balance as of January 1, 2020 Cumulative currency translation loss realized through disposition of Argentina operations Year change - Cumulative currency translation Balance as of December 31, 2020 Cumulative currency translation loss realized through disposition of Japan operations Year change - Cumulative currency translation Balance as of December 31, 2021 Year change - Cumulative currency translation Balance as of December 31, 2022 NOTE 17 – SEGMENT REPORTING Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (318.1) 87.2 43.5 (187.4) 3.8 (35.2) (218.8) (58.1) (276.9) $ $ The Company evaluates, oversees and manages the financial performance of two operating and reportable segments – North America and International. Other includes costs related to corporate enabling and shared services functions, annual incentive compensation, and stock- based compensation. The North America and International segments offer the following services: RWCS, which provide collection and processing of regulated and specialized waste, including medical (including reusable sharps disposal management services), pharmaceutical and hazardous waste, for disposal and compliance programs (under the Steri-Safe®, Clinical Services, First Practice Management, SeguriMed and EnviroAssure brand names) and SID Services, which provide for the collection of personal and confidential information for secure destruction and recycling of shredded paper. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 78 78 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II The following tables summarizes financial information for the Company's reportable segments: In millions Revenues North America International Total (1) Depreciation North America International Other Total Intangible Amortization North America International Total Adjusted Income from Operations North America International Other Total Total Assets North America International Other Total Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ $ 2,263.1 $ 441.6 2,704.7 $ 2,136.5 $ 510.4 2,646.9 $ 68.9 $ 17.2 22.4 108.5 $ 107.6 $ 16.4 124.0 $ 607.1 $ 34.1 (317.5) 323.7 $ 4,300.8 $ 785.0 248.3 5,334.1 $ 73.5 $ 19.2 12.7 105.4 $ 95.8 $ 22.1 117.9 $ 587.6 $ 53.6 (288.8) 352.4 $ 4,364.6 $ 876.4 232.1 5,473.1 $ 2,189.2 486.3 2,675.5 78.1 21.7 6.8 106.6 98.3 26.6 124.9 606.0 46.5 (263.9) 388.6 4,377.5 946.0 258.4 5,581.9 (1) Excludes depreciation of $0.6 million, and $2.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2021, and 2020, respectively, which is included as part of ERP and system modernization. The following table reconciles the Company's primary measure of segment profitability, Adjusted Income from Operations, to Income from operations: In millions Total Reportable Segment Adjusted Income from Operations Intangible Amortization ERP and system modernization Operational Optimization Portfolio Optimization Litigation, Settlements and Regulatory Compliance Asset Impairments Other Income from operations Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ 323.7 $ (124.0) 352.4 $ (117.9) (19.2) — 8.7 (30.0) (5.5) — (59.0) — (3.3) (93.2) (6.7) — $ 153.7 $ 72.3 $ 388.6 (124.9) (50.8) (3.1) (133.0) (20.3) (15.5) (9.1) 31.9 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 79 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 79 Table of Contents PART II NOTE 18 – GEOGRAPHIC AREA The following table presents consolidated revenues and long-lived assets by geographic region: In millions Revenues U.S. Europe Other countries Total Long-Lived and Indefinite-Lived Assets U.S. Europe Other countries Total NOTE 19 – LEGAL PROCEEDINGS Year Ended December 31, 2022 2021 2020 $ $ $ $ 2,122.2 $ 385.9 196.6 2,704.7 $ 3,996.8 $ 523.5 190.3 4,710.6 $ 1,995.2 $ 427.0 224.7 2,646.9 $ 4,052.0 $ 589.2 194.8 4,836.0 $ 2,067.3 377.7 230.5 2,675.5 4,086.0 632.5 254.5 4,973.0 The Company operates in highly regulated industries and responds to regulatory inquiries or investigations from time to time that may be initiated for a variety of reasons. At any given time, the Company has matters at various stages of resolution with the applicable government authorities. The Company is also routinely involved in actual or threatened legal actions, including those involving alleged personal injuries and commercial, employment, environmental, tax, and other issues. The outcomes of these matters are not within the Company’s complete control and may not be known for prolonged periods of time. In some actions, claimants seek damages, as well as other relief, including injunctive relief, that could require significant expenditures or result in lost revenue. In accordance with applicable accounting standards, the Company establishes an accrued liability for loss contingencies related to legal and regulatory matters when the loss is both probable and reasonably estimable. If the reasonable estimate of a probable loss is a range, and no amount within the range is a better estimate than any other, the minimum amount of the range is accrued. If a loss is not probable or a probable loss is not reasonably estimable, no liability is recorded. When determining the estimated loss or range of loss, significant judgment is required to estimate the amount and timing of a loss to be recorded. These accruals represent management’s best estimate of probable losses and, in such cases, there may be an exposure to loss in excess of the amounts accrued. Estimates of probable losses resulting from litigation and regulatory proceedings are difficult to predict. Legal and regulatory matters inherently involve significant uncertainties based on, among other factors, the jurisdiction and stage of the proceedings, developments in the applicable facts or law, and the unpredictability of the ultimate determination of the merits of any claim, any defenses the Company may assert against that claim, and the amount of any damages that may be awarded. The Company’s accrued liabilities for loss contingencies related to legal and regulatory matters may change in the future as a result of new developments, including, but not limited to, the occurrence of new legal matters, changes in the law or regulatory environment, adverse or favorable rulings, newly discovered facts relevant to the matter, or changes in the strategy for the matter. Regardless of the outcome, litigation can have an adverse impact on the Company because of defense and settlement costs, diversion of management resources and other factors. Contract Class Action and Opt Out Lawsuits. Beginning on March 12, 2013, the Company was served with several class action complaints filed in federal and state courts in several jurisdictions. These complaints asserted, among other things, that the Company had imposed unauthorized or excessive price increases and other charges on its customers in breach of its contracts and in violation of the Illinois Consumer Fraud and Deceptive Business Practices Act. The complaints sought certification of the lawsuit as a class action and the award to class members of appropriate damages and injunctive relief. These related actions were ultimately transferred to the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois for centralized pretrial proceedings. The parties reached a settlement agreement, as previously disclosed, which obtained court approval on March 8, 2018. Under the terms of the SQ Settlement, the Company admitted no fault or wrongdoing whatsoever, and it entered into the SQ Settlement to avoid the cost and uncertainty of litigation. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 80 80 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II Certain class members who have opted out of the SQ Settlement have filed lawsuits against the Company, and the Company is defending and intends to resolve those actions. The Company has made an accrual in respect of these collective matters consistent with its accrual policies described above, which is not material. Government Investigations. On June 12, 2017, the SEC issued a subpoena to the Company, requesting documents and information relating to the Company’s compliance with the FCPA or other foreign or domestic anti-corruption laws with respect to certain of the Company’s operations in Latin America. In addition, the DOJ notified the Company that it was investigating this matter in parallel with the SEC. The Company has cooperated with these agencies and certain foreign authorities. The Company has concluded settlements of these investigations with the DOJ, SEC, and various authorities in Brazil. In connection with these settlements, the Company entered into a deferred prosecution agreement (“DPA”) with the DOJ, under which the DOJ agreed to defer criminal prosecution of the Company for a period of three years for charges of conspiring to violate the anti-bribery and books and records provisions of the FCPA. If the Company remains in compliance with the DPA during its three-year term, the deferred charge against the Company will be dismissed with prejudice. Under the Company's settlement with the SEC, the Company entered into an administrative resolution with the SEC with respect to violations of the anti-bribery, books and records and internal controls provisions of the FCPA. The Company also agreed to pay fines, penalties and disgorgement to the DOJ, SEC and various Brazilian authorities in a total amount of $90.3 million. In the second and third quarters of 2022, the company paid $81.0 million of the settlement amounts to the DOJ, the SEC and the Brazilian authorities. In addition, under the settlements with the DOJ and with the SEC, the Company has engaged an independent compliance monitor for two years and will undertake compliance with self-reporting obligations for an additional year. The Company has been informed by the office of the United States Attorney for the Southern District of New York (“SDNY”) that it has concluded its investigation into compliance with the False Claims Act (“FCA”) and is taking no action against the Company in connection with the FCA. The SDNY is continuing its investigation into the Company’s historical compliance with federal environmental statutes, including the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, in connection with the collection, transportation and disposal of hazardous waste by the Company’s former Domestic Environmental Solutions business unit. The Company has also been informed that the State of California Department of Justice has concluded its investigation related to the Company’s collection, transportation, and disposal of waste generated by government customers in California and is taking no action against the Company. The Company is continuing to cooperate with the SDNY investigation. The Company has made an accrual in respect of this matter consistent with its accrual policies described above, which is not material. Environmental and Regulatory Matters. The Company is subject to various federal, state and local laws and regulations. In the ordinary course of business, we are routinely involved in government enforcement proceedings, private lawsuits, and other matters alleging non- compliance by the Company with applicable law. The issues involved in these proceedings generally relate to alleged violations of existing permits or other requirements, or alleged liability due to our current operations, pre-existing conditions at the locations where we operate, and/or successor or predecessor liability associated with our portfolio optimization strategy. From time to time, the Company may be subject to fines or penalties in regulatory proceedings relating primarily to waste treatment, storage or disposal facilities. Effective April 6, 2020, the Company completed the divestiture of its Domestic Environmental Solutions business, including the facility in Rancho Cordova, California, to Harsco Corporation. Pursuant to the Purchase Agreement, the Company may have liability under certain indemnification claims for matters relating to those Domestic Environmental Solutions facilities, including potentially with respect to the investigation by the SDNY described above and the Rancho Cordova, California, and DEA Investigation matters discussed below. Rancho Cordova, California, NOVs. On June 25 and 26, 2018, the California DTSC conducted a Compliance Enforcement Inspection of the Company’s former Domestic Environmental Solutions facility in Rancho Cordova, California. On February 14, 2020, DTSC filed an action in the Superior Court for the State of California, Sacramento County Division, alleging violations of California’s Hazardous Waste Control Law and the facility’s hazardous waste permit arising from the inspection. That action is ongoing. The Company has made an accrual in respect of this matter consistent with its accrual policies described above, which is not material. Rancho Cordova, California, Permit Revocation. Separately, on August 15, 2019, the Company received from DTSC a written Intent to Deny Hazardous Waste Facility Permit Application for the Rancho Cordova facility. Following legal challenges, that DTSC action became final as of April 8, 2022, triggering an obligation to execute the closure plan set forth in the facility's permit. Consistent with its accrual policies described previously, the Company has made an 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 81 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 81 Table of Contents PART II accrual in the amount of its estimate of closure costs reasonably likely to be incurred and indemnified to Harsco under the Purchase Agreement, which is not material. DEA Investigation. On February 11, 2020, the Company received an administrative subpoena from the DEA, which executed a search warrant at the Company’s former Domestic Environmental Solutions facility at Rancho Cordova, California and an administrative inspection warrant at the Company’s former facility in Indianapolis, Indiana for materials related to the former Domestic Environmental Solutions business of collecting, transporting, and destroying controlled substances from retail customers (the “ESOL Retail Controlled Substances Business”). On that same day, agents from the DTSC executed a separate search warrant at the Rancho Cordova facility. Since that time, the U.S. Attorney’s Office for the Eastern District of California (“USAO EDCA”) has been overseeing criminal and civil investigations of the ESOL Retail Controlled Substances Business. The USAO EDCA has informed the Company that it may have civil liability under the Controlled Substances Act related to the Domestic Environmental Solutions Retail Controlled Substances Business. The Company is cooperating with the civil and criminal investigations, which are ongoing. The Company has not accrued any amounts in respect of these investigations and cannot estimate the reasonably possible loss or any range of reasonably possible losses that the Company may incur. The Company is unable to make such an estimate because, based on what the Company knows now, in the Company’s judgment, the factual and legal issues presented in this matter are sufficiently unique that the Company is unable to identify other circumstances sufficiently comparable to provide guidance in making estimates. European Retrovirus Investigations. In conjunction with Europol, governmental authorities of Spain, Portugal, and Romania have conducted coordinated inspections of a large number of medical waste management facilities, including Stericycle facilities, relating to the transportation, management and disposal of waste that may be infected with the COVID-19 virus, and related matters. The inspections have resulted in proceedings in Spain and Portugal. The Company intends to vigorously defend itself in these proceedings. The Company has not accrued any amounts in respect of these investigations, as it cannot estimate the reasonably possible loss or any range of reasonably possible losses that the Company may incur. The Company is unable to make such an estimate because, based on what the Company knows now, in the Company’s judgment, the factual and legal issues presented in this matter are sufficiently unique that the Company is unable to identify other circumstances sufficiently comparable to provide guidance in making estimates. Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure None. Item 9A. Controls and Procedures Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures Disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that material information relating to us and our consolidated subsidiaries is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding our required disclosures. The Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Exchange Act are effective as of December 31, 2022, based on the evaluation of these controls and procedures required by Rule 13a-15(b) or 15d-15(b) of the Exchange Act. Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting The Company’s management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. The Company’s internal control system is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the preparation and fair presentation of published financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 82 82 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART II Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Therefore, effective internal control over financial reporting provides only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance with respect to the preparation and presentation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. Management assessed the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, using the criteria set forth in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on that assessment, management concluded that, as of December 31, 2022, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective. The Company’s independent registered public accounting firm has issued an attestation report on the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, (included elsewhere herein). Changes in Internal Controls During the fourth quarter, there were no changes that have materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company’s internal control over financial reporting. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 83 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 83 Table of Contents PART II Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm To the Shareholders and the Board of Directors of Stericycle, Inc. Opinion on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting We have audited Stericycle, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (2013 framework) (the COSO criteria). In our opinion, Stericycle, Inc. (the Company) maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2022, based on the COSO criteria. We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB), the consolidated balance sheets of the Company as of December 31, 2022, and 2021, the related consolidated statements of income (loss), comprehensive (loss) income, changes in equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2022, and the related notes and our report dated February 23, 2023 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon. Basis for Opinion The Company’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We are a public accounting firm registered with the PCAOB and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB. We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion. Definition and Limitations of Internal Control Over Financial Reporting A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements. Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP Chicago, Illinois February 23, 2023 2022 10-K Annual Report 84 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Stericycle, Inc. • 84 Table of Contents PART II Item 9B. Other Information None. Item 9C. Disclosures Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspection None. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 85 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 85 Table of Contents PART III Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance PART III The information required by this Item regarding our directors is incorporated by reference to the information contained under the caption “Election of Directors” in our definitive proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A. The information required by this Item regarding our executive officers is contained under the caption “Information about our Executive Officers” in Item 1 of Part I of this Report. The information required by this Item regarding compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act is incorporated by reference to the information contained under the caption “Delinquent Section 16(a) Reports” in our definitive proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A. We have adopted a code of business conduct that applies to all of our employees. The Code of Conduct is available on our website, www.stericycle.com, under “About Us/Investors/Investor Relations/Corporate Governance/Governance Documents”. We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirement under Item 5.05 of Form 8-K regarding any amendments to, or waiver from, a provision of our Code of Conduct by posting such information on our website. The information required by this Item regarding certain corporate governance matters is incorporated by reference to the information contained under the caption “Election of Directors” in our definitive proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A. Item 11. Executive Compensation The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the information contained under the caption “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” and following sections in our definitive proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A. Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the information contained under the captions “Stock Ownership” and “Compensation Discussion and Analysis” and following sections in our definitive proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A. Equity Compensation Plans The following table summarizes information relating to our equity compensation plans pursuant to which stock option grants, RSUs, PSUs or other rights to acquire shares of our common stock may be made or issued: In millions, except per share data Equity Compensation Plan Information Plan Category Equity compensation plans approved by our security holders (1) (1) These plans consist of our 2021 Plan and the ESPP. Number of Securities to be Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options and vesting of RSUs and PSUs December 31, 2022 Weighted-Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options, RSUs, and PSUs Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans 2.1 $ 77.96 5.9 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 86 86 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART III Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions and Director Independence The information required by this Item regarding our policies and procedures for the review, approval or ratification of transactions with related persons is incorporated by reference to the information contained under the caption “Policy on Related Party Transactions” in Item 1 of our definitive proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A. The information required by this Item regarding director independence is incorporated by reference to the information contained in Item 1 of our definitive proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A. Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services The information required by this Item is incorporated by reference to the information contained under the caption “Ratification of the Appointment of Ernst & Young LLP as Our Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm for 2023” in our definitive proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, to be filed pursuant to Regulation 14A. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 87 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 87 Table of Contents PART IV PART IV Item 15. Exhibits (a) List of Financial Statements and Exhibits We have filed the following financial statements as part of this report: Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID: 42) Consolidated Financial Statements of Stericycle, Inc. and Subsidiaries: Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss) Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income Consolidated Balance Sheets Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting Page 47 49 50 51 52 53 54 84 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 88 88 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART IV All other financial statement schedules have been omitted because they are not applicable to us or the required information is shown on the Consolidated Financial Statements or notes thereto. We have filed the following exhibits with this report: Exhibit Index Description Filed with Electronic Submission 2.1* 3(i).1* 3(i).2* 3(i).3* 3(i).4* 3(i).5* 3(i).6* 3(i).7*and 4.2* 3(i).8* and 4.3* 3(i).8* and 4.4* 3(ii).1* 4.1* 4.5 4.6* 4.7* 4.8* 4.9* 10.1* 10.2*† 10.3*† 10.4*† 10.5*† 10.6*† 10.7*† 10.8*† 10.9*† 10.10*† Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of February 6, 2020, by and among Stericycle, Inc., Harsco Corporation and CEI Holding, LLC (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed February 7, 2020) Amended and restated certificate of incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our registration statement on Form S-1 declared effective on August 22, 1996) First certificate of amendment to amended and restated certificate of incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed November 29, 1999) Second certificate of amendment to amended and restated certificate of incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to our annual report on Form 10-K for 2002) Third certificate of amendment to amended and restated certificate of incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to our registration statement on Form S-4 declared effective on October 10, 2007) Fourth certificate of amendment to amended and restated certificate of incorporation (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3(i).1 to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed August 7, 2014) Certificate of Designation setting forth the specific rights, preferences, limitations, restrictions and other terms and conditions of the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value $0.01 per share (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 29, 1999) Certificate of Elimination of the Certificate of Designations relating to Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, par value 0.01 per share (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 and 4.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed September 15, 2015) Certificate of Designations setting forth the specific rights, preferences, limitations, restrictions and other terms and conditions of the Mandatory Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Registration Statement on Form 8-A filed September 15, 2015) Certificate of Elimination of the Certificate of Designations relating to 5.25% Series A Mandatory Convertible Preferred Stock (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.9 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed November 11, 2018) Amended and restated bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to our current report on Form 8-K filed December 15, 2022) Specimen certificate for shares of our common stock, par value $.01 per share (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our registration statement on Form S-1 declared effective on August 22, 1996 (Registration No. 333-05665)) Description of the Company's Common Stock Indenture dated as of June 14, 2019 between Stericycle, the named guarantors and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed June 14, 2019 Form of 5.375% Senior Notes due July 2024 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed June 14, 2019) Indenture, dated as of November 24, 2020, between Stericycle, Inc., the name guarantors and U.S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 24, 2020) Form of 3.875% Senior Notes due January 2029 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed November 24, 2020) Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2021, among Stericycle, Inc. and certain subsidiaries as borrowers, Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, swing line lender, a lender and a letter of credit issuer, and the other lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed October 4, 2021) 2000 Non-statutory Stock Option Plan (“2000 Plan”) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed March 25, 2002) 2005 Incentive Stock Plan (“2005 Plan”) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our registration statement on Form S-8 filed August 9, 2005 (Registration No. 333-127353)) First amendment to 2005 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to our annual report on Form 10-K for 2008) 2008 Incentive Stock Plan (“2008 Plan”) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our registration statement on Form S-8 filed August 8, 2008 (Registration No. 333-152877)) First amendment to 2008 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to our annual report on Form 10-K for 2009) Amendment to 2000 Plan, 2005 Plan and 2008 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to our annual report on Form 10-K for 2012) 2011 Incentive Stock Plan (“2011 Plan”) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our registration statement on Form S-8 filed August 9, 2011 (Registration No. 333-176165)) 2014 Incentive Stock Plan (“2014 Plan”) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to our registration statement on Form S-8 filed December 23, 2014 (Registration No. 333-201236)) Stericycle, Inc. 2017 Long-Term Incentive Plan (“2017 Plan”) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed April 14, 2017) 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 89 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 89 Table of Contents PART IV 10.11*† 10.12*† 10.13*† 10.14*† 10.15*† 10.16*† 10.17*† 10.18*† 10.19*† 10.20*† 10.21*† 10.22*† 10.23*† 10.24*† 10.25*† 10.26*† 10.27*† 10.28*† 10.29* 10.30*† 10.31*† 10.32*† 10.33*† 10.34*† 10.35*† 10.36*† 10.37*† 10.38*† 10.39*† 10.40*† 10.41*† 10.42*† 10.43* Form of Stock Option Agreement under 2005 Plan, 2008 Plan, 2011 Plan, and 2014 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2012) Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award under 2008 Plan, 2011 Plan, and 2014 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2012) Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award under 2011 Plan and 2014 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.24 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed March 15, 2017) Form of Agreement for Stock Option Grant under 2008 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 15, 2018) Form of Agreement for Stock Option Grant under 2011 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Form of Agreement for Restricted Stock Unit Award under the 2011 Incentive Stock Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed April 29, 2021) Form of Agreement for Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award under the 2011 Incentive Stock Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed April 29, 2021) Form of Agreement for Stock Option Grant under 2014 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.20 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Form of Agreement for Stock Option Grant under 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.21 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Form of Agreement for Restricted Stock Unit Award under 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 15, 2018) Form of Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award under 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Form of Agreement for Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award (Digital Transformation) under 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 15, 2018) Form of Agreement of Stock Option Grant under 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.46 to our annual report on Form 10-K for 2018) Form of Agreement of Stock Option Grant under 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.26 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Amended and Restated Employee Stock Purchase Plan effective May 24, 2017 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed April 14, 2017) Canadian Employee Stock Purchase Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit A to our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed April 15, 2016) Plan of Compensation for Outside Directors (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed August 9, 2016) Form of Director Restricted Stock Unit Award under 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 26, 2018) Form of Indemnification Agreement for Directors and Officers (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.29 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed March 15, 2017) Executive Severance and Change in Control Plan (as amended) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.33 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Supplemental Retirement Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our current report on Form 8-K filed December 30, 2016) Form of Agreement for Stock Option Grant under 2011 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.35 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Form of Agreement for Stock Option Grant under 2014 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Form of Agreement for Stock Option Grant under 2017 Plan (related to Spain) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.37 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Form of Agreement for Stock Option Grant under 2017 Plan (related to U.K. Executive) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.38 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Form of Agreement for Stock Option Grant under 2017 Plan (related to U.K. Non-Executive) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.39 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Form of Agreement for Stock Option Grant under 2017 Plan (related to Ireland Non-Executive) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.40 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Form of Agreement for Stock Option Grant under 2017 Plan (related to Canada Non-Executive) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.41 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Form of Agreement for Stock Option Grant under 2017 Plan (related to Singapore Non-Executive) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.42 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Form of Agreement for Performance-Based Restricted Stock Unit Award (Digital Transformation) under 2017 Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.43 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Form of Agreement for Stock Option Grant under 2017 Plan (related to Chile Non-Executive) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.44 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2020) Stock Option Award Agreement under 2017 Plan (Participants Not Eligible for Executive Severance and CIC Plan) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.47 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed February 28, 2019) Cooperation Agreement, dated as of March 26, 2020, between Stericycle, Inc. and Saddle Point Management, L.P. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed March 30, 2020) 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 90 90 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Table of Contents PART IV 10.44 *† 10.45*† 10.46*† 10.47*† 10.48* 10.49*† 14* 21 23 31.1 31.2 32 101 104 Stericycle, Inc. 2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix B to our Definitive Proxy Statement on Schedule 14A filed April 14, 2021) Form of Agreement for Director Restricted Stock Unit Award under the 2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our quarterly report on Form 10-Q filed August 6, 2021) Form of Restricted Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed April 28, 2022) Form of Performance Stock Unit Award Agreement under the 2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.3 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed April 28, 2022) First Amendment, dated as of April 26, 2022, to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2021, among Stericycle, Inc. and certain subsidiaries as borrowers, Bank of America, N.A., as administrative agent, swing line lender, a lender and a letter of credit issuer, and the other lenders party thereto (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed April 28, 2022) Amendment to the Stericycle, Inc. Annual Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed August 5, 2022) Code of ethics (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to our annual report on Form 10-K file March 15, 2004 Subsidiaries Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer Section 1350 Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer The following financial information from our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, formatted in iXBRL (Inline Extensible Business Reporting Language) includes: (i) the Cover Page, (ii) the Consolidated Balance Sheets, (iii) the Consolidated Statements of Income (Loss), (iv) the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income, (v) the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, (vi) the Consolidated Statements of Changes in Equity, and (vii) the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged in summary and detail. Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as iXBRL and contained in Exhibit 101) x x x x x x x x Filed herewith * Previously filed † Management contract or compensatory plan required to be filed pursuant to Item 601 of Regulation S-K Item 16. Form 10-K Summary None. 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 91 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 91 Table of Contents SIGNATURES SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. Dated: February 23, 2023 STERICYCLE, INC. (Registrant) By: /s/ Janet H. Zelenka Janet H. Zelenka Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Information Officer STERICYCLE, INC. (Registrant) By: /s/ Richard J. Hoffman Richard J. Hoffman Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated. Dated: February 23, 2023 Name /s/ CINDY J. MILLER Cindy J. Miller /s/ JANET H. ZELENKA Janet H. Zelenka /s/ RICHARD J. HOFFMAN Richard J. Hoffman /s/ ROBERT S. MURLEY Robert S. Murley /s/ BRIAN P. ANDERSON Brian P. Anderson /s/ LYNN D. BLEIL Lynn D. Bleil /s/ THOMAS F. CHEN Thomas F. Chen /s/ NAREN K. GURSAHANEY Naren K. Gursahaney /s/ J. JOEL HACKNEY JR. J. Joel Hackney Jr. /s/ STEPHEN C. HOOLEY Stephen C. Hooley /s/ KAY G. PRIESTLY Kay G. Priestly /s/ JAMES L. WELCH James L. Welch Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) Title Date February 23, 2023 Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Information Officer (Principal Financial Officer) February 23, 2023 Senior Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer (Principal Accounting Officer) February 23, 2023 Chairman of the Board of Directors Director Director Director Director Director Director Director Director February 23, 2023 February 23, 2023 February 23, 2023 February 23, 2023 February 23, 2023 February 23, 2023 February 23, 2023 February 23, 2023 February 23, 2023 2022 10-K Annual Report Stericycle, Inc. • 92 92 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Exhibit 21 Subsidiaries of Registrant U.S. Subsidiaries * Stericycle Interna(cid:415)onal, LLC (Delaware) Stericycle Management, LLC (Delaware) Stericycle of Washington, Inc. (Washington) SteriVentures, LLC (Delaware) Stroud Proper(cid:415)es, Inc. (Delaware) Non-US Subsidiaries* Stericycle Australia Pty Ltd (Australia) Shred-it Australia Pty Ltd (Australia) Shred-it Insurance Limited (Barbados) Metalchem/DRS (Belgium) Shred-it Belgium (Belgium) Stericycle Gestao Ambiental Ltda. (Brazil) Aborgama do Brasil Ltda. (Brazil) Stericycle do Brasil Novas Par(cid:415)capacoes Ltda. (Brazil) Stericycle Par(cid:415)cipacoes Ltda. (Brazil) Stericycle, ULC (Canada) SRCL Cyprus Ltd. (Cyprus) Shred-it France (France) Shred-it GmbH (Germany) SRCL Ireland Limited (Ireland) SRCL Limited (Ireland) Shred-it ROI Limited (Ireland) SRCL Korea Co., Ltd. (Korea) EnvitechKorea Co. Ltd. (Korea) Farmco Co. Ltd. (Korea) Stericycle Korea Co. Ltd. (Korea) Stericycle Europe S.a.r.l. (Luxembourg) Mobile Shredding Luxembourg (Luxembourg) Stericycle B.V. (Netherlands) Dental Recycling Services B.V. (Netherlands) Medi-Care Services B.V. (Netherlands) MetalChem B.V. (Netherlands) Shred-it Netherlands B.V. (Netherlands) Stericycle Panama S de RL (Panama) Ambimed - Gestao Ambiental, Lda. (Portugal) Azormed-Gestao Ambiental, Lda. (Portugal) Ins(cid:415)tuto para a Qualidade em Imagem e Proteccao Radiologica, S.A. (Portugal) Stericycle of Puerto Rico, Inc. (Puerto Rico) Stericycle Communica(cid:415)on Solu(cid:415)ons of Puerto Rico Incorporated (Puerto Rico) Stericycle Romania SRL (Romania) Dozimed SRL (Romania) 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 93 Exhibit 21 Shred-it Singapore Pte. Ltd. (Singapore) SRCL Consenur S.L.U. (Spain) Ecologia y Tecnicas Sanitarias, S.L.U. (Spain) SRCL Consenur CEE, S.A.U. (Spain) SRCL Consenur CEE, S.A.U. e Inizia Networks SL UTE (Spain) Shred-it Secure Document Shredding LLC (UAE-Abu Dhabi) Shred-it Limited (UAE-Dubai) Stericycle Interna(cid:415)onal Holdings Limited (UK) Artech Reduc(cid:415)on Technologies Limited (UK) Shred-it Limited (UK) SRCL Limited (UK) Stericycle Interna(cid:415)onal Holdings Canada Limited (UK) Stericycle Interna(cid:415)onal Limited (UK) * States or jurisdic(cid:415)ons of incorpora(cid:415)on or forma(cid:415)on are given in parentheses 94 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm We consent to the incorporation by reference in the following Registration Statements: 1) Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-222733 and 333-243724) pertaining to the Stericycle, Inc. Amended and Restated Employee Stock Purchase Plan, 2) Registration Statements on Form S-8 (File Nos. 333-66544 and 333-192235) pertaining to the Stericycle, Inc. Employee Stock Purchase Plan, as amended, 3) Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-127353) pertaining to the Stericycle, Inc. 2005 Incentive Stock Plan, as amended, 4) Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-152877) pertaining to the Stericycle, Inc. 2008 Incentive Stock Plan, as amended, 5) Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-176165) pertaining to the Stericycle, Inc. 2011 Incentive Stock Plan, as amended, 6) Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-201236) pertaining to the Stericycle, Inc. 2014 Incentive Stock Plan, as amended, 7) Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-214611) pertaining to the Stericycle, Inc. Canadian Employee Stock Purchase Plan, 8) Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-222735) pertaining to the Stericycle, Inc. 2017 Long-Term Incentive Plan, as amended, and 9) Registration Statement on Form S-8 (File No. 333-256491) pertaining to the Stericycle, Inc. 2021 Long-Term Incentive Plan; of our reports dated February 23, 2023, with respect to the consolidated financial statements of Stericycle, Inc. and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Stericycle, Inc., included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2022. /s/ Ernst & Young LLP Chicago, Illinois February 23, 2023 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 95 Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification Cindy J. Miller Chief Executive Officer I, Cindy J. Miller, certify that: Exhibit 31.1 1. 2. 3. 4. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Stericycle, Inc.; Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and b. c. d. 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. Date: February 23, 2023 /s/ Cindy J. Miller Cindy J. Miller President and Chief Executive Officer Stericycle, Inc. 96 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification Janet H. Zelenka Chief Financial Officer I, Janet H. Zelenka, certify that: Exhibit 31.2 1. 2. 3. 4. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Stericycle, Inc.; Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: a. Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and b. c. d. 5. The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): a) All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and b) Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting. Date: February 23, 2023 /s/ Janet H. Zelenka Janet H. Zelenka Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Information Officer Stericycle, Inc. 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. • 97 SECTION 1350 CERTIFICATION Exhibit 32 In reference to this annual report on Form 10-K of Stericycle, Inc. we, Cindy J. Miller, Chief Executive Officer of the registrant, and Janet H. Zelenka, Chief Financial Officer of the registrant, certify as follows, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 (as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002): (a) (b) the report fully complies with the requirements of section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (15 U.S.C.78m or 78o(d)); and the information contained in the report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the registrant. Date: February 23, 2023 /s/ Cindy J. Miller Cindy J. Miller President and Chief Executive Officer Stericycle, Inc. /s/ Janet H. Zelenka Janet H. Zelenka Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer, and Chief Information Officer Stericycle, Inc. 98 • 2022 10-K Annual Report – Stericycle, Inc. ANNUAL REPORT 2022 OUR BRAND The Stericycle brand is the essence of our organization. It’s all-encompassing, including our mission and vision, core values, team members, products, and services. OUR PROMISE We protect what matters. OUR MISSION To protect your health and well-being in a safe, responsible, and sustainable way. Our mission statement explains WHAT we protect (health and well-being) and HOW we do it every day (safely, responsibly, and sustainably). OUR VISION Shaping a healthier and safer world for everyone, everywhere, every day. Our vision explains the ASPIRATION for impact we will have on the WORLD. It also gives us the latitude to expand our suite of solutions beyond the workplace and into homes and communities. Our Pillars The following four brand pillars are crucial elements of our brand messaging that set Stericycle apart from our competitors. They encompass the major themes, benefits, and selling points that make our brand unique. INNOVATION COMPLIANCE PROTECTION ENGAGEMENT OUR CORE VALUES Delivering On Our Promise By Living Our Values WE PROTECT THE ENVIRONMENT We work tirelessly to safeguard our earth, human health, and quality of life in communities around the world. WE ARE CUSTOMER DRIVEN We deliver value to our customers through safe, compliant, and sustainable solutions. We never stop working to win the trust of customers. WE DO THE RIGHT THING We hold ourselves to the highest ethical standards. Integrity is our compass and accountability our true north. WE ARE UNITED— ONE TEAM. ONE GOAL. We deliver the strongest impact when we collaborate, harnessing the collective strengths, ideas, and expertise of our global team members to achieve great things. WE STRIVE FOR EXCELLENCE We go above and beyond to deliver exceptional results, challenge the status quo, and constantly innovate. ANNUAL REPORT 2022 WE COMMIT TO SAFETY ALWAYS We are committed to the safety and well-being of our team members and strive daily for a workplace with zero incidents and injuries. WE EMBRACE DIVERSITY & INCLUSION We foster a culture of belonging that encourages, supports, and celebrates the diverse voices of our team members. It fuels our innovation and strengthens our connection to our customers and the communities we serve. THE GLOBAL IMPACT OF OUR SERVICE Stericycle provides essential sustainability services that help protect communities from harmful wastes, enable recycling and alternative use opportunities, and lead to greater consumer safety and satisfaction. Here is a sample of the annual global impact of our services¹: 1.5 BILLION POUNDS of medical waste treated, helping to protect the public from potentially infectious material. 1 BILLION POUNDS of paper shredded and recycled, helping to safeguard our customers’ confidential information. 38 MILLION POUNDS of pharmaceutical waste incinerated prior to disposal, helping to ensure that active pharmaceutical ingredients do not end up in waterways. Helped our customers divert 101 MILLION POUNDS of plastic from landfills through the use of reusable sharps waste and pharmaceutical waste containers as compared to single-use containers. Learn more about our sustainability efforts at stericycle.com/about-us/sustainability 1Stericycle global data, 2022 ANNUAL REPORT 2022 CORPORATE INFORMATION CO M PAN Y HEA DQUARTERS INVESTOR RELATIONS Stericycle, Inc. 2355 Waukegan Road Bannockburn, IL 60015 800-643-0240 Stericycle.com I ND E P EN DE NT AUDITORS Ernst & Young LLP 155 N. Wacker Drive Chicago, Illinois 60606 T RAN SFE R AGE NT EQ Shareowner Services 1110 Centre Pointe Curve, Suite 101 Mendota Heights, MN 55120 S A F E H A R B O R S TAT E M E N T For information on the company, additional copies of this Annual Report or other information, please contact Stericycle at StericycleIR@Stericycle.com or 800-643-0240 ext. 2012. You may also visit the Investor section on the Company website at investors.stericycle.com. ANNUAL MEETING The Annual Meeting of Stockholders will be held at 8:30am CT on Tuesday, May 16, 2023 virtually at www.virtualshareholdermeeting.com/SRCL2023 NASDAQ® SYMBOL SRCL This document may contain forward-looking statements as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. When we use words such as “believes”, “expects”, “anticipates”, “estimates”, “may”, “plan”, “will”, “goal”, or similar expressions, we are making forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements are prospective in nature and are not based on historical facts, but rather on current expectations and projections of our management about future events and are therefore subject to risks and uncertainties, which could cause actual results to differ materially from the future results expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause such differences include, among others, inflationary cost pressure in labor, supply chain, energy, and other expenses, decreases in the volume of regulated wastes or personal and confidential information collected from customers, the ability to implement the remaining phases of our ERP system, and disruptions resulting from deployment of our ERP system, disruptions in our supply chain, disruptions in or attacks on information technology systems, labor shortages, a recession or economic disruption in the U.S. and other countries, changing market conditions in the healthcare industry, competition and demand for services in the regulated waste and secure information destruction industries, SOP pricing volatility or pricing volatility in other commodities, foreign exchange rate volatility in the jurisdictions in which we operate, changes in governmental regulation of the collection, transportation, treatment and disposal of regulated waste or the proper handling and protection of personal and confidential information, the level of government enforcement of regulations governing regulated waste collection and treatment or the proper handling and protection of personal and confidential information, charges related to portfolio optimization or the failure of acquisitions or divestitures to achieve the desired results, failure to consummate transactions with respect to non-core businesses, the obligations to service substantial indebtedness and comply with the covenants and restrictions contained in our credit agreements and notes, rising interest rates or a downgrade in our credit rating resulting in an increase in interest expense, political, economic, and other risks related to our foreign operations, pandemics and the resulting impact on the results of operations, long-term remote work arrangements which may adversely affect our business, supply chain disruptions, disruptions in transportation services, restrictions on the ability of our team members to travel, closures of our facilities or the facilities of our customers and suppliers, changes in the volume of paper processed by our secure information destruction business and the revenue generated from the sale of SOP, weather and environmental changes related to climate change, requirements of customers and investors for net carbon zero emissions strategies, and the introduction of regulations for greenhouse gases, which could negatively affect our costs to operate, the outcome of pending, future or settled litigation or investigations including with respect to the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and foreign anti-corruption laws, failure to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, as well as other factors described in our filings with the SEC, including the 2022 Form 10-K and subsequent Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q. As a result, past financial performance should not be considered a reliable indicator of future performance, and investors should not use historical trends to anticipate future results or trends. We disclaim any obligation to update or revise any forward-looking or other statements contained herein other than in accordance with legal and regulatory obligations. 2355 Waukegan Road Bannockburn, IL 60015 800-643-0240 | Stericycle.com © 2023 Stericycle, Inc. All rights reserved. 

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